diff --git a/scripts/datafiles/omw-noun.json b/scripts/datafiles/omw-noun.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ad166d --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/datafiles/omw-noun.json @@ -0,0 +1,1314159 @@ +[ + { + "source_id": "ili:i100000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thistle" + ], + "it": [ + "cardo", + "stoppione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the family Compositae and especially of the genera Carduus and Cirsium and Onopordum having prickly-edged leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carduus", + "genus Carduus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of annual or perennial Old World prickly thistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welted thistle", + "Carduus crispus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European biennial introduced in North America having flower heads in crowded clusters at ends of branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk thistle", + "nodding thistle", + "Carduus nutans" + ], + "it": [ + "Carduus nutans", + "cardo rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial naturalized in eastern North America having very spiny white cottony foliage and nodding musky crimson flower heads; valuable source of nectar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carlina", + "genus Carlina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Mediterranean thistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carline thistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thistle of the genus Carlina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemless carline thistle", + "Carlina acaulis" + ], + "it": [ + "Carlina acaulis", + "carlina bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stemless perennial having large flowers with white or purple-brown florets nestled in a rosette of long spiny leaves hairy beneath; of alpine regions of southern and eastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common carline thistle", + "Carlina vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Carlina vulgaris", + "carlina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian thistle growing in sand dunes and dry chalky soils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carthamus", + "genus Carthamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "safflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safflower", + "false saffron", + "Carthamus tinctorius" + ], + "it": [ + "zafferanone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safflower seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the safflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safflower oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from safflower seeds used as food as well as in medicines and paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Catananche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Mediterranean herbs: cupid's dart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catananche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Catananche having long-stalked heads of blue or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue succory", + "cupid's dart", + "Catananche caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "south European plant having dark-eyed flowers with flat blue rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centaurea", + "genus Centaurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knapweed; star thistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centaury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Centaurea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket flower", + "Centaurea americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southwestern United States cultivated for its purple flower heads and its bracts that resemble small baskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusty miller", + "Centaurea cineraria", + "Centaurea gymnocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant having leaves and stems covered with down that resembles dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornflower", + "bachelor's button", + "bluebottle", + "Centaurea cyanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Centaurea cyanus", + "fiordaliso vero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual Eurasian plant cultivated in North America having showy heads of blue or purple or pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star-thistle", + "caltrop", + "Centauria calcitrapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean annual or biennial herb having pinkish to purple flowers surrounded by spine-tipped scales; naturalized in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knapweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Centaurea having purple thistlelike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet sultan", + "Centaurea imperialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of mountains of Iran and Iraq; cultivated for its fragrant rose-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser knapweed", + "black knapweed", + "hardheads", + "Centaurea nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Centaurea nigra", + "fiordaliso scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weedy perennial with tough wiry stems and purple flowers; native to Europe but widely naturalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great knapweed", + "greater knapweed", + "Centaurea scabiosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Centaurea scabiosa", + "fiordaliso vedovino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall European perennial having purple flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barnaby's thistle", + "yellow star-thistle", + "Centaurea solstitialis" + ], + "it": [ + "Centaurea solstitialis", + "fiordaliso giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European weed having a winged stem and hairy leaves; adventive in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaemelum", + "genus Chamaemelum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of plants sometimes included in genus Anthemis: chamomile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamomile", + "camomile", + "Chamaemelum nobilis", + "Anthemis nobilis" + ], + "it": [ + "camomilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chaenactis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of flowering herbs of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaenactis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications many plants usually assigned to the genus Chrysanthemum have been divided among other genera: e.g. Argyranthemum; Dendranthema; Leucanthemum; Tanacetum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysanthemum" + ], + "it": [ + "crisantemo", + "grisantemo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous perennial Old World herbs having showy brightly colored flower heads of the genera Chrysanthemum, Argyranthemum, Dendranthema, Tanacetum; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn marigold", + "field marigold", + "Chrysanthemum segetum" + ], + "it": [ + "Chrysanthemum segetum", + "crisantemo campestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with bright yellow flowers; a common weed in grain fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown daisy", + "Chrysanthemum coronarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby annual of the Mediterranean region with yellowish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop-suey greens", + "tong ho", + "shun giku", + "Chrysanthemum coronarium spatiosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown for its succulent edible leaves used in Asian cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysanthemum" + ], + "it": [ + "crisantemo", + "grisantemo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flower of a chrysanthemum plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysopsis", + "genus Chrysopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubby herbs or subshrubs of the genus Chrysopsis having bright golden-yellow flower heads that resemble asters; throughout much of United States and into Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maryland golden aster", + "Chrysopsis mariana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial golden aster of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass-leaved golden aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of golden aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickleweed golden aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of golden aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysothamnus", + "genus Chrysothamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low branching shrubs of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldenbush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various much-branched yellow-flowered shrubs of the genus Chrysothamnus; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit brush", + "rabbit bush", + "Chrysothamnus nauseosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasantly aromatic shrub having erect slender flexible hairy branches and dense clusters of small yellow flowers covering vast areas of western alkali plains and affording a retreat for jackrabbits; source of a yellow dye used by the Navajo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cichorium", + "genus Cichorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicory", + "succory", + "chicory plant", + "Cichorium intybus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cichorium intybus", + "cicoria", + "cicoria comune", + "radicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endive", + "witloof", + "Cichorium endivia" + ], + "it": [ + "Cichorium endivia", + "endivia", + "indivia", + "scariola", + "scarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicory", + "chicory root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried root of the chicory plant: used as a coffee substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cirsium", + "genus Cirsium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plume thistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume thistle", + "plumed thistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous biennial to perennial herbs with handsome purple or yellow or occasionally white flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada thistle", + "creeping thistle", + "Cirsium arvense" + ], + "it": [ + "Cirsium arvense", + "cardo campestre", + "scardaccione", + "stoppione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European thistle naturalized in United States and Canada where it is a pernicious weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field thistle", + "Cirsium discolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout North American thistle with purplish-pink flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly thistle", + "Cirsium flodmanii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thistle of western North America having white woolly leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European woolly thistle", + "Cirsium eriophorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Cirsium eriophorum", + "cardo scardaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly thistle of western and central Europe and Balkan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melancholy thistle", + "Cirsium heterophylum", + "Cirsium helenioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial stoloniferous thistle of northern Europe with lanceolate basal leaves and usually solitary heads of reddish-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brook thistle", + "Cirsium rivulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of central and southwestern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull thistle", + "boar thistle", + "spear thistle", + "Cirsium vulgare", + "Cirsium lanceolatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Cirsium vulgare", + "cardo asinino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European thistle with rather large heads and prickly leaves; extensively naturalized as a weed in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cnicus", + "genus Cnicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: blessed thistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessed thistle", + "sweet sultan", + "Cnicus benedictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of Mediterranean to Portugal having hairy stems and minutely spiny-toothed leaves and large heads of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conoclinium", + "genus Conoclinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mistflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistflower", + "mist-flower", + "ageratum", + "Conoclinium coelestinum", + "Eupatorium coelestinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous plant of central and southeastern United States and West Indies having large showy heads of clear blue flowers; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conyza", + "genus Conyza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common American weed or wildflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseweed", + "Canadian fleabane", + "fleabane", + "Conyza canadensis", + "Erigeron canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Conyza canadensis", + "saeppola canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American weed with linear leaves and small discoid heads of yellowish flowers; widely naturalized throughout temperate regions; sometimes placed in genus Erigeron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coreopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American plants widely cultivated for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coreopsis", + "tickseed", + "tickweed", + "tick-weed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subgenus Calliopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for some plants of genus Coreopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant coreopsis", + "Coreopsis gigantea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea dahlia", + "Coreopsis maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calliopsis", + "Coreopsis tinctoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cosmos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American plants cultivated for their colorful flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmos", + "cosmea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotula", + "genus Cotula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan herbs especially southern hemisphere; many used as ground covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass buttons", + "Cotula coronopifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African herb with golden-yellow globose flower heads; naturalized in moist areas along coast of California; cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Craspedia", + "genus Craspedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billy buttons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Craspedia grown for their downy foliage and globose heads of golden flowers; Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crepis", + "genus Crepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawk's-beard; cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk's-beard", + "hawk's-beards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Crepis having loose heads of yellow flowers on top of a long branched leafy stem; northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynara", + "genus Cynara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artichoke; cardoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artichoke", + "globe artichoke", + "artichoke plant", + "Cynara scolymus" + ], + "it": [ + "carciofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardoon", + "Cynara cardunculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cynara cardunculus", + "carciofo", + "cardo", + "cardone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dahlia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial tuberous plants of Mexico and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dahlia", + "Dahlia pinnata" + ], + "it": [ + "dalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of or developed from the species Dahlia pinnata having tuberous roots and showy rayed variously colored flower heads; native to the mountains of Mexico and Central America and Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delairea", + "genus Delairea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: German ivy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German ivy", + "Delairea odorata", + "Senecio milkanioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African succulent evergreen twining climber with yellow flowers grown primarily as a houseplant for its foliage; sometimes placed in genus Senecio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendranthema", + "genus Dendranthema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florist's chrysanthemum", + "florists' chrysanthemum", + "mum", + "Dendranthema grandifloruom", + "Chrysanthemum morifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dimorphotheca", + "genus Dimorphotheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African herbs or subshrubs with usually yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape marigold", + "sun marigold", + "star of the veldt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several South African plants grown for the profusion of usually yellow daisylike flowers and mounds of aromatic foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doronicum", + "genus Doronicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Eurasian perennial tuberous or rhizomatous herbs: leopard's bane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard's-bane", + "leopardbane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinacea", + "genus Echinacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American coarse perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coneflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various perennials of the eastern United States having thick rough leaves and long-stalked showy flowers with drooping rays and a conelike center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinops", + "genus Echinops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Mediterranean and Eurasian herbs: globe thistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe thistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elephantopus", + "genus Elephantopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial American herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant's-foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emilia", + "genus Emilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tassel flower", + "Emilia coccinea", + "Emilia javanica", + "Emilia flammea", + "Cacalia javanica", + "Cacalia lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tassel flower", + "Emilia sagitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Encelia", + "genus Encelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs of southwestern United States and Mexico: brittlebush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittlebush", + "brittle bush", + "incienso", + "Encelia farinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant rounded shrub of southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico having brittle stems and small crowded blue-green leaves and yellow flowers; produces a resin used in incense and varnish and in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enceliopsis", + "genus Enceliopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of xerophytic herbs of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunray", + "Enceliopsis nudicaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb having a basal cluster of grey-green leaves and leafless stalks each with a solitary broad yellow flower head; desert areas Idaho to Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Engelmannia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: North American herbs that resemble sunflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engelmannia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common erect hairy perennial of plains and prairies of southern and central United States having flowers that resemble sunflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Erechtites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse herbs with whitish discoid flower heads and silky pappus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireweed", + "Erechtites hieracifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American weedy plant with small white or greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erigeron", + "genus Erigeron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan genus of usually perennial herbs with flowers that resemble asters; leaves occasionally (especially formerly) used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleabane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American plants of the genus Erigeron having daisylike flowers; formerly believed to repel fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue fleabane", + "Erigeron acer" + ], + "it": [ + "Erigeron acer", + "cespica acre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread weed with pale purple-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy fleabane", + "Erigeron annuus" + ], + "it": [ + "Erigeron annuus", + "cespica annua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely naturalized white-flowered North American herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange daisy", + "orange fleabane", + "Erigeron aurantiacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming herb of Turkestan with nearly double orange-yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spreading fleabane", + "Erigeron divergens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "well-branched plant with hairy leaves and stems each with a solitary flower head with narrow white or pink or lavender rays; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaside daisy", + "beach aster", + "Erigeron glaucous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly succulent perennial with basal leaves and hairy sticky stems each bearing a solitary flower head with narrow pink or lavender rays; coastal bluffs Oregon to southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philadelphia fleabane", + "Erigeron philadelphicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "especially pretty plant having a delicate fringe of threadlike rays around flower heads having very slender white or pink rays; United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robin's plantain", + "Erigeron pulchellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial of eastern North America having flowers with usually violet-purple rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showy daisy", + "Erigeron speciosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having branching leafy stems each branch with an especially showy solitary flower head with many narrow pink or lavender or white rays; northwestern United States mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriophyllum", + "genus Eriophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hairy herbs and shrubs of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly sunflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Eriophyllum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden yarrow", + "Eriophyllum lanatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish woolly leafy perennial with branched stems ending in leafless stalks bearing golden-yellow flower heads; dry areas western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eupatorium", + "genus Eupatorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of chiefly tropical herbs having heads of white or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemp agrimony", + "Eupatorium cannabinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Eupatorium cannabinum", + "canapa acquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog fennel", + "Eupatorium capillifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joe-Pye weed", + "spotted Joe-Pye weed", + "Eupatorium maculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boneset", + "agueweed", + "thoroughwort", + "Eupatorium perfoliatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joe-Pye weed", + "purple boneset", + "trumpet weed", + "marsh milkweed", + "Eupatorium purpureum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Felicia", + "genus Felicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical African herbs or subshrubs with usually blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue daisy", + "blue marguerite", + "Felicia amelloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy South African or Australian subshrub that has daisylike flowers with blue rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingfisher daisy", + "Felicia bergeriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "softly hairy South African herb having flowers with bright blue rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Filago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small woolly herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton rose", + "cudweed", + "filago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Filago having capitate clusters of small woolly flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herba impia", + "Filago germanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Filago germanica", + "bambagia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(literally an undutiful herb) a variety of cotton rose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gaillardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western American hairy herbs with showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaillardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of western America of the genus Gaillardia having hairy leaves and long-stalked flowers in hot vibrant colors from golden yellow and copper to rich burgundy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket flower", + "Indian blanket", + "fire wheel", + "fire-wheel", + "Gaillardia pulchella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of central United States having showy long-stalked yellow flower heads marked with scarlet or purple in the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gazania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tomentose tropical African herbs with milky sap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Gazania valued for their showy daisy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure flower", + "Gazania rigens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decumbent South African perennial with short densely leafy stems and orange flower rays with black eyespots at base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerbera", + "genus Gerbera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African or Asiatic herbs: African daisies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African daisy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African or Asiatic herbs with daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barberton daisy", + "Transvaal daisy", + "Gerbera jamesonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated South African perennial having flower heads with orange to flame-colored rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerea", + "genus Gerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of hairy herbs with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert sunflower", + "Gerea canescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender hairy plant with few leaves and golden-yellow flower heads; sandy desert areas of southeastern California to southwestern Utah and western Arizona and northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnaphalium", + "genus Gnaphalium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed genus of coarse hairy herbs with whitish involucres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cudweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Gnaphalium having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafeweed", + "wood cudweed", + "Gnaphalium sylvaticum" + ], + "it": [ + "Gnaphalium sylvaticum", + "canapicchia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy perennial of north temperate regions having woolly foliage and dirty white flowers in a leafy spike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grindelia", + "genus Grindelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of coarse gummy herbs of western North and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumweed", + "gum plant", + "tarweed", + "rosinweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grindelia robusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial gumweed of California and Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curlycup gumweed", + "Grindelia squarrosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial gumweed of western and central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gutierrezia", + "genus Gutierrezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sticky perennial herbs and subshrubs of western North America and warm South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchweed", + "matchbush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Gutierrezia having tiny flower heads that resemble the heads of matches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little-head snakeweed", + "Gutierrezia microcephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Gutierrezia sarothrae but with flower heads having fewer rays and disk flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbitweed", + "rabbit-weed", + "snakeweed", + "broom snakeweed", + "broom snakeroot", + "turpentine weed", + "Gutierrezia sarothrae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing sticky subshrub of southwestern United States having narrow linear leaves on many slender branches and hundreds of tiny yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broomweed", + "broom-weed", + "Gutierrezia texana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southwestern United States having rigid woody branches with sticky foliage and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gynura", + "genus Gynura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World tropical herbs: velvet plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvet plant", + "purple velvet plant", + "royal velvet plant", + "Gynura aurantiaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Javanese foliage plant grown for their handsome velvety leaves with violet-purple hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haastia", + "genus Haastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of New Zealand mat-forming herbs or subshrubs: vegetable sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable sheep", + "sheep plant", + "Haastia pulvinaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haplopappus", + "genus Haplopappus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North and South American perennial herbs or shrubs with yellow flowers; in some classifications include species placed in other genera especially Hazardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldenbush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Haplopappus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor daisy", + "Haplopappus phyllocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southern United States and Mexico having bristly leaves and pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow spiny daisy", + "Haplopappus spinulosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender perennial of western North America having weakly bristly leaves and yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hazardia", + "genus Hazardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs and subshrubs of western United States having flowers that change color as they mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary golden bush", + "Hazardia cana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western American shrubs having white felted foliage and yellow flowers that become red-purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helenium", + "genus Helenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American herbs with flowers having yellow rays: sneezeweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneezeweed" + ], + "it": [ + "starnutaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autumn sneezeweed", + "Helenium autumnale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange sneezeweed", + "owlclaws", + "Helenium hoopesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosilla", + "Helenium puberulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Helianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tall erect or branched American annual or perennial herbs with showy flowers: sunflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunflower", + "helianthus" + ], + "it": [ + "clizia", + "elianto", + "girasole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp sunflower", + "Helianthus angustifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sunflower of eastern North America having narrow leaves and found in bogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common sunflower", + "mirasol", + "Helianthus annuus" + ], + "it": [ + "Helianthus annuus", + "girasole comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual sunflower grown for silage and for its seeds which are a source of oil; common throughout United States and much of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant sunflower", + "tall sunflower", + "Indian potato", + "Helianthus giganteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tall American perennial of central and the eastern United States to Canada having edible tuberous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showy sunflower", + "Helianthus laetiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall rough-leaved perennial with a few large flower heads; central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maximilian's sunflower", + "Helianthus maximilianii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial of central United States to Canada having golden-yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie sunflower", + "Helianthus petiolaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the common sunflower with slender usually branching stems common in central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem artichoke", + "girasol", + "Jerusalem artichoke sunflower", + "Helianthus tuberosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Helianthus tuberosus", + "girasole del Canada", + "topinambur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial with hairy stems and leaves; widely cultivated for its large irregular edible tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem artichoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible tuber of the Jerusalem artichoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helichrysum", + "genus Helichrysum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of mostly African and Australian herbs and shrubs: everlasting flowers; in some classifications includes genus Ozothamnus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawflower", + "golden everlasting", + "yellow paper daisy", + "Helichrysum bracteatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian plant naturalized in Spain having flowers of lemon yellow to deep gold; the frequent choice of those who love dried flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Heliopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oxeye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliopsis", + "oxeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any North American shrubby perennial herb of the genus Heliopsis having large yellow daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helipterum", + "genus Helipterum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African and Australian herbs or shrubs grown as everlastings; the various Helipterum species are currently in process of being assigned to other genera especially genera Pteropogon and Hyalosperma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterotheca", + "genus Heterotheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of yellow-flowered North American herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy golden aster", + "prairie golden aster", + "Heterotheca villosa", + "Chrysopsis villosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy perennial with yellow flower heads in branched clusters; found almost everywhere in dry places from Canada to west central and western United States; sometimes placed in genus Chrysopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hieracium", + "genus Hieracium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of perennial hairy herbs of Europe to western Asia to northwestern Africa and North America; few are ornamental; often considered congeneric with Pilosella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawkweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king devil", + "yellow hawkweed", + "Hieracium praealtum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hawkweed introduced into northeastern United States; locally troublesome weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake weed", + "Hieracium venosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homogyne", + "genus Homogyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low perennial herbs of montane Europe; in some classifications included in genus Tussilago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine coltsfoot", + "Homogyne alpina", + "Tussilago alpina" + ], + "it": [ + "Homogyne alpina", + "tossilaggine alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hulsea", + "genus Hulsea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of erect balsam-scented herbs; Pacific coast of the northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine gold", + "alpine hulsea", + "Hulsea algida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low tufted plant having hairy stems each topped by a flower head with short narrow yellow rays; northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf hulsea", + "Hulsea nana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than alpine hulsea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyalosperma", + "genus Hyalosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of temperate Australia including some from genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypochaeris", + "genus Hypochaeris", + "Hypochoeris", + "genus Hypochoeris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of herbs with milky juice; includes some cosmopolitan weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's-ear", + "California dandelion", + "capeweed", + "gosmore", + "Hypochaeris radicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European weed widely naturalized in North America having yellow flower heads and leaves resembling a cat's ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Inula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World herbs or subshrubs: elecampane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inula" + ], + "it": [ + "inula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Inula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elecampane", + "Inula helenium" + ], + "it": [ + "Inula helenium", + "enula campana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Iva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of American herbs or shrubs; in some classifications placed in a separate family Ambrosiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh elder", + "iva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various coarse shrubby plants of the genus Iva with small greenish flowers; common in moist areas (as coastal salt marshes) of eastern and central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burweed marsh elder", + "false ragweed", + "Iva xanthifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall annual marsh elder common in moist rich soil in central North America that can cause contact dermatitis; produces much pollen that is a major cause of hay fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Krigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small herbs closely related to chicory: dwarf dandelions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf dandelion", + "Krigia dandelion", + "Krigia bulbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lactuca", + "genus Lactuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an herb with milky juice: lettuce; prickly lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lettuce" + ], + "it": [ + "insalata", + "lattuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Lactuca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden lettuce", + "common lettuce", + "Lactuca sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Lactuca sativa", + "insalata", + "lattuga coltivata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cos lettuce", + "romaine lettuce", + "Lactuca sativa longifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head lettuce", + "Lactuca sativa capitata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf lettuce", + "Lactuca sativa crispa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celtuce", + "stem lettuce", + "Lactuca sativa asparagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce valued especially for its edible stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly lettuce", + "horse thistle", + "Lactuca serriola", + "Lactuca scariola" + ], + "it": [ + "Lactuca serriola", + "erba bussola", + "lattuga selvatica", + "scariola", + "scarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual wild lettuce having prickly stems; a troublesome weed in parts of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagenophera", + "genus Lagenophera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of Australia and South America having small solitary white or purple flowers similar to true daisies of genus Bellis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lasthenia", + "genus Lasthenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of Pacific coast of North and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldfields", + "Lasthenia chrysostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender woolly annual with very narrow opposite leaves and branches bearing solitary golden-yellow flower heads; southwestern Oregon to Baja California and Arizona; often cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Layia", + "genus Layia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western United States annuals with showy yellow or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidytips", + "tidy tips", + "Layia platyglossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California annual having flower heads with yellow rays tipped with white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leontodon", + "genus Leontodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawkbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawkbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various common wildflowers of the genus Leontodon; of temperate Eurasia to Mediterranean regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall dandelion", + "arnica bud", + "Leontodon autumnalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Leontodon autumnalis", + "dente-di-leone ramoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall-blooming European herb with a yellow flower; naturalized in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leontopodium", + "genus Leontopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edelweiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edelweiss", + "Leontopodium alpinum" + ], + "it": [ + "edelweiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alpine perennial plant native to Europe having leaves covered with whitish down and small flower heads held in stars of glistening whitish bracts" + ], + "it": [ + "fiore alpino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leucanthemum", + "genus Leucanthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxeye daisy", + "ox-eyed daisy", + "marguerite", + "moon daisy", + "white daisy", + "Leucanthemum vulgare", + "Chrysanthemum leucanthemum" + ], + "it": [ + "Leucanthemum vulgare", + "margherita", + "margherita tetraploide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall leafy-stemmed Eurasian perennial with white flowers; widely naturalized; often placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ], + "it": [ + "fiore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxeye daisy", + "Leucanthemum maximum", + "Chrysanthemum maximum" + ], + "it": [ + "margherita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to oxeye daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shasta daisy", + "Leucanthemum superbum", + "Chrysanthemum maximum maximum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid garden flower derived from Chrysanthemum maximum and Chrysanthemum lacustre having large white flower heads resembling oxeye daisies; often placed in the genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrenees daisy", + "Leucanthemum lacustre", + "Chrysanthemum lacustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of Portugal similar to the oxeye daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leucogenes", + "genus Leucogenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand edelweiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north island edelweiss", + "Leucogenes leontopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb closely resembling European edelweiss; New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liatris", + "genus Liatris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial North American herbs with aromatic usually cormous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blazing star", + "button snakeroot", + "gayfeather", + "gay-feather", + "snakeroot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various North American plants of the genus Liatris having racemes or panicles of small discoid flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dotted gayfeather", + "Liatris punctata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with many stems bearing narrow slender wands of crowded rose-lavender flowers; central United States and Canada to Texas and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dense blazing star", + "Liatris pycnostachya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southeastern and central United States having very dense spikes of purple flowers; often cultivated for cut flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ligularia", + "genus Ligularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World herbs resembling groundsel: leopard plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindheimera", + "genus Lindheimera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Texas star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas star", + "Lindheimera texana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Texas annual with coarsely pinnatifid leaves; cultivated for its showy radiate yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lonas", + "genus Lonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: yellow ageratum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African daisy", + "yellow ageratum", + "Lonas inodora", + "Lonas annua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of southwestern Mediterranean region having yellow daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machaeranthera", + "genus Machaeranthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wildflowers of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tahoka daisy", + "tansy leaf aster", + "Machaeranthera tanacetifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild aster with fernlike leaves and flower heads with very narrow bright purple rays; Alberta to Texas and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticky aster", + "Machaeranthera bigelovii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild aster having leafy stems and flower heads with narrow bright reddish-lavender or purple rays; western Colorado to Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mojave aster", + "Machaeranthera tortifoloia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild aster having greyish leafy stems and flower heads with narrow pale lavender or violet rays; of rocky desert slopes California to Arizona and Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madia", + "genus Madia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of sticky herbs with yellow flowers open in morning or evening but closed in bright light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common madia", + "common tarweed", + "Madia elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California annual having red-brown spots near the base of its yellow flower rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melosa", + "Chile tarweed", + "madia oil plant", + "Madia sativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madia oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a substitute for olive oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matricaria", + "genus Matricaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly Old World strong-smelling weedy herbs; comprises plants sometimes included in other genera: e.g. Tanacetum; Tripleurospermum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet false chamomile", + "wild chamomile", + "German chamomile", + "Matricaria recutita", + "Matricaria chamomilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Matricaria chamomilla", + "camomilla", + "camomilla comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pineapple weed", + "rayless chamomile", + "Matricaria matricarioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melampodium", + "genus Melampodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and subshrubs of warm North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackfoot daisy", + "Melampodium leucanthum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy subshrub having flower heads that resemble asters with broad white rays; found in desert areas of Arizona east to Kansas and south to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mikania", + "genus Mikania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of evergreen lianas of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing hempweed", + "climbing boneset", + "wild climbing hempweed", + "climbing hemp-vine", + "Mikania scandens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of tropical America having vanilla-scented flowers; climbs up trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mutisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South American shrubs or lianas having large flower heads with feathery pappuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Mutisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nabalus", + "genus Nabalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American and east Asian perennial herbs; sometimes included in genus Prenanthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Nabalus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white lettuce", + "cankerweed", + "Nabalus alba", + "Prenanthes alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion's foot", + "gall of the earth", + "Nabalus serpentarius", + "Prenanthes serpentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olearia", + "genus Olearia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Australian evergreen shrubs or small trees with large daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisybush", + "daisy-bush", + "daisy bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly Australian attractively shaped shrubs of the genus Olearia grown for their handsome and sometimes fragrant evergreen foliage and profusion of daisy flowers with white or purple or blue rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskwood", + "Olearia argophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musk-scented shrub or tree of southern and southeastern Australia having creamy-yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand daisybush", + "Olearia haastii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy New Zealand shrub cultivated for its fragrant white flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onopordum", + "genus Onopordum", + "Onopordon", + "genus Onopordon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Eurasian herbs of the family Compositae with prickly foliage and large purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton thistle", + "woolly thistle", + "Scotch thistle", + "Onopordum acanthium", + "Onopordon acanthium" + ], + "it": [ + "Onopordum acanthium", + "onopordo tomentoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial Eurasian white hairy thistle having pale purple flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Othonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western African herbs or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "othonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South African plant of the genus Othonna having smooth often fleshy leaves and heads of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ozothamnus", + "genus Ozothamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian shrubs and perennial herbs; sometimes included in genus Helichrysum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade everlasting", + "Ozothamnus secundiflorus", + "Helichrysum secundiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with white woolly branches and woolly leaves having fragrant flowers forming long sprays; flowers suitable for drying; sometimes placed in genus Helichrysum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Packera", + "genus Packera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American of east Asian perennial herbs with yellow to orange or red flower rays; sometimes included in genus Senecio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden groundsel", + "golden ragwort", + "Packera aurea", + "Senecio aureus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthenium", + "genus Parthenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs and shrubs with terminal panicles of small ray flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guayule", + "Parthenium argentatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched subshrub with silvery leaves and small white flowers of Texas and northern Mexico; cultivated as a source of rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard feverfew", + "Parthenium hysterophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American annual weed with small radiate heads of white flowers; adventive in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American feverfew", + "wild quinine", + "prairie dock", + "Parthenium integrifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout perennial herb of the eastern United States with whitish flowers; leaves traditionally used by Catawba Indians to treat burns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pericallis", + "genus Pericallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cineraria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cineraria", + "Pericallis cruenta", + "Senecio cruentus" + ], + "it": [ + "cineraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of Canary Islands widely cultivated for its blue or purple or red or variegated daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florest's cineraria", + "Pericallis hybrida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb derived from Pericallis cruenta and widely cultivated in a variety of profusely flowering forms with florets from white to pink to red or purple or violet or blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petasites", + "genus Petasites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of rhizomatous herbs of north temperate regions: butterbur; sweet coltsfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterbur", + "bog rhubarb", + "Petasites hybridus", + "Petasites vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Petasites hybridus", + "farfaraccio", + "farfaraccio maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter heliotrope", + "sweet coltsfoot", + "Petasites fragrans" + ], + "it": [ + "Petasites fragrans", + "farfaraccio vaniglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet coltsfoot", + "Petasites sagitattus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American sweet-scented herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picris", + "genus Picris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of weedy Old World yellow-flowered herbs usually containing a bitter-tasting substance: bitterweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxtongue", + "bristly oxtongue", + "bitterweed", + "bugloss", + "Picris echioides" + ], + "it": [ + "Picris echioides", + "aspraggine volgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread European weed with spiny tongue-shaped leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilosella", + "genus Pilosella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hairy perennial herbs with horizontal rhizomes and leafy or underground stolons; Eurasia and North Africa; often considered congeneric with Hieracium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawkweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Pilosella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange hawkweed", + "Pilosella aurantiaca", + "Hieracium aurantiacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hawkweed having flower heads with bright orange-red rays; a troublesome weed especially as naturalized in northeastern North America; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse-ear hawkweed", + "Pilosella officinarum", + "Hieracium pilocella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piqueria", + "genus Piqueria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American perennial herbs or subshrubs with white to pale yellow flowers; often included in genus Stevia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stevia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prenanthes", + "genus Prenanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American and Asiatic perennial herbs having pinnatisect leaves small heads of drooping yellowish to purple flowers; sometimes includes species often placed in genus Nabalus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake root", + "Prenanthes purpurea" + ], + "it": [ + "Prenanthes purpurea", + "lattuga montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pteropogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian and South African herbs including some from genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pteropogon", + "Pteropogon humboltianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulicaria", + "genus Pulicaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of temperate Old World herbs: fleabane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleabane", + "feabane mullet", + "Pulicaria dysenterica" + ], + "it": [ + "Pulicaria dysenterica", + "incensaria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrethrum", + "genus Pyrethrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications for plants later placed in genus Chrysanthemum and now often included in genus Tanacetum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raoulia", + "genus Raoulia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low-growing mat-forming New Zealand plants; in some classifications includes species placed in genus Haastia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep plant", + "vegetable sheep", + "Raoulia lutescens", + "Raoulia australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ratibida", + "genus Ratibida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial wildflowers of North American plains and prairies; often cultivated for their showy flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coneflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wildflower of the genus Ratibida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican hat", + "Ratibida columnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coneflower with flower heads resembling a Mexican hat with a tall red-brown disk and drooping yellow or yellow and red-brown rays; grows in the great plains along base of Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-head coneflower", + "prairie coneflower", + "Ratibida columnifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant similar to the Mexican hat coneflower; from British Columbia to New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie coneflower", + "Ratibida tagetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coneflower of central to southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhodanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of xerophytic herbs and shrubs of South Africa and Australia; sometimes included in genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swan River everlasting", + "rhodanthe", + "Rhodanthe manglesii", + "Helipterum manglesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian annual everlasting having light pink nodding flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rudbeckia", + "genus Rudbeckia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial herbs with showy cone-shaped flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coneflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Rudbeckia cultivated for their large usually yellow daisies with prominent central cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-eyed Susan", + "Rudbeckia hirta", + "Rudbeckia serotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state flower of Maryland; of central and southeastern United States; having daisylike flowers with dark centers and yellow to orange rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutleaved coneflower", + "Rudbeckia laciniata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall leafy plant with erect branches ending in large yellow flower heads with downward-arching rays; grow in Rocky Mountains south to Arizona and east to the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden glow", + "double gold", + "hortensia", + "Rudbeckia laciniata hortensia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tall branching herb with showy much-doubled yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santolina", + "genus Santolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Mediterranean subshrubs with rayless flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavender cotton", + "Santolina chamaecyparissus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branching aromatic Mediterranean shrub with woolly stems and leaves and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanvitalia", + "genus Sanvitalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American annual herbs: creeping zinnia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping zinnia", + "Sanvitalia procumbens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saussurea", + "genus Saussurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of temperate and cool regions of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costusroot", + "Saussurea costus", + "Saussurea lappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scolymus", + "genus Scolymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of thistlelike herbs of the Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden thistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several spiny Mediterranean herbs of the genus Scolymus having yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish oyster plant", + "Scolymus hispanicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scolymus hispanicus", + "cardogna comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golden thistle of southwestern Europe cultivated for its edible sweet roots and edible leaves and stalks; its yellow flowers are used as a substitute for saffron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senecio", + "genus Senecio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enormous and diverse cosmopolitan genus of trees and shrubs and vines and herbs including many weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nodding groundsel", + "Senecio bigelovii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with erect leafy stems bearing clusters of rayless yellow flower heads on bent individual stalks; moist regions of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusty miller", + "Senecio cineraria", + "Cineraria maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff much-branched perennial of the Mediterranean region having very white woolly stems and leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threadleaf groundsel", + "Senecio doublasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-green bushy leafy plant covered with close white wool and bearing branched clusters of yellow flower heads; southwestern United States; toxic to range livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterweed", + "ragwort", + "Senecio glabellus" + ], + "it": [ + "senecione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American ragwort with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragwort", + "tansy ragwort", + "ragweed", + "benweed", + "Senecio jacobaea" + ], + "it": [ + "Senecio jacobaea", + "erba di San Giacomo", + "senecio", + "senecione", + "senecione di San Giacomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowleaf groundsel", + "Senecio triangularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial with sharply toothed triangular leaves on leafy stems bearing a cluster of yellow flower heads; moist places in mountains of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundsel", + "Senecio vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Senecio vulgaris", + "erba calderina", + "senecione comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian weed with heads of small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Scorzonera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of narrow-leaved European herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black salsify", + "viper's grass", + "scorzonera", + "Scorzonera hispanica" + ], + "it": [ + "scorzonera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sericocarpus", + "genus Sericocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of the eastern United States: white-topped asters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-topped aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb having corymbose white-rayed flowers with scaly bracts and silky indehiscent fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow-leaved white-topped aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of white-topped aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seriphidium", + "genus Seriphidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody plants grown chiefly for their silver or grey and often aromatic foliage; formerly included in the genus Artemisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver sage", + "silver sagebrush", + "grey sage", + "gray sage", + "Seriphidium canum", + "Artemisia cana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low much-branched perennial of western United States having silvery leaves; an important browse and shelter plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea wormwood", + "Seriphidium maritimum", + "Artemisia maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants of western and northern European coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big sagebrush", + "blue sage", + "Seriphidium tridentatum", + "Artemisia tridentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic shrub of arid regions of western North America having hoary leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serratula", + "genus Serratula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World perennial herbs with spirally arranged toothed leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawwort", + "Serratula tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Serratula tinctoria", + "cerretta dei tintori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silphium", + "genus Silphium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall North American perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosinweed", + "Silphium laciniatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial having a resinous odor and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silybum", + "genus Silybum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of east African herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk thistle", + "lady's thistle", + "Our Lady's mild thistle", + "holy thistle", + "blessed thistle", + "Silybum marianum" + ], + "it": [ + "Silybum marianum", + "cardo di Santa Maria", + "cardo mariano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solidago", + "genus Solidago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous chiefly summer-blooming and fall-blooming North American plants especially of the genus Solidago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverrod", + "Solidago bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of eastern North America having creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow goldenrod", + "Canadian goldenrod", + "Solidago canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American goldenrod having showy clusters of yellow flowers on arching branches; often a weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri goldenrod", + "Solidago missouriensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to meadow goldenrod but usually smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine goldenrod", + "Solidago multiradiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goldenrod similar to narrow goldenrod but having bristly hairs on edges of leaf stalks; mountainous regions of western America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey goldenrod", + "gray goldenrod", + "Solidago nemoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dyer's weed of Canada and the eastern United States having yellow flowers sometimes used in dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blue Mountain tea", + "sweet goldenrod", + "Solidago odora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goldenrod of eastern America having aromatic leaves from which a medicinal tea is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyer's weed", + "Solidago rugosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern North American herb whose yellow flowers are (or were) used in dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaside goldenrod", + "beach goldenrod", + "Solidago sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous showy goldenrod common along eastern coast and Gulf Coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow goldenrod", + "Solidago spathulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western American goldenrod with long narrow clusters of small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boott's goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elliott's goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohio goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-stemmed goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showy goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zigzag goldenrod", + "broad leaved goldenrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonchus", + "genus Sonchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sow thistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow thistle", + "milk thistle" + ], + "it": [ + "cicerbita", + "crespigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs having milky juice and yellow flowers; widely naturalized; often noxious weeds in cultivated soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkweed", + "Sonchus oleraceus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sonchus oleraceus", + "asclepiade", + "grespino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual Eurasian sow thistle with soft spiny leaves and rayed yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenotus", + "genus Stenotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western North American low evergreen shrubs growing in dense tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemless golden weed", + "Stenotus acaulis", + "Haplopappus acaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark green erect herb of northwestern United States and southwestern Canada having stiff leaves in dense tufts and yellow flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Haplopappus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stevia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs and herbs of tropical and warm Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stevia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stokesia", + "genus Stokesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: stokes' aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stokes' aster", + "cornflower aster", + "Stokesia laevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial of southeastern United States having large heads of usually blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tageteste", + "genus Tagetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marigolds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marigold" + ], + "it": [ + "calendola", + "calendula", + "fiorrancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical American plants of the genus Tagetes widely cultivated for their showy yellow or orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African marigold", + "big marigold", + "Aztec marigold", + "Tagetes erecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout branching annual with large yellow to orange flower heads; Mexico and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French marigold", + "Tagetes patula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong-scented bushy annual with orange or yellow flower heads marked with red; Mexico and Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanacetum", + "genus Tanacetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of plants resembling chrysanthemums; comprises some plants often included in other genera especially genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costmary", + "alecost", + "bible leaf", + "mint geranium", + "balsam herb", + "Tanacetum balsamita", + "Chrysanthemum balsamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor dune tansy", + "Tanacetum camphoratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted daisy", + "pyrethrum", + "Tanacetum coccineum", + "Chrysanthemum coccineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring-flowering garden perennial of Asiatic origin having finely divided aromatic leaves and white to pink-purple flowers; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrethrum", + "Dalmatian pyrethrum", + "Dalmatia pyrethrum", + "Tanacetum cinerariifolium", + "Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "piretro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrethrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of dried flower heads of pyrethrum plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern dune tansy", + "Tanacetum douglasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly hairy rhizomatous perennial having aromatic feathery leaves and stems bearing open clusters of small buttonlike yellow flowers; sand dunes of Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feverfew", + "Tanacetum parthenium", + "Chrysanthemum parthenium" + ], + "it": [ + "Tanacetum parthenium", + "erba-amara vera", + "matricale", + "partenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusty miller", + "silver-lace", + "silver lace", + "Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum", + "Chrysanthemum ptarmiciflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby perennial of the Canary Islands having white flowers and leaves and hairy stems covered with dustlike down; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tansy", + "golden buttons", + "scented fern", + "Tanacetum vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Tanacetum vulgare", + "erba-amara selvatica", + "tanaceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial aromatic herb native to Eurasia having buttonlike yellow flower heads and bitter-tasting pinnate leaves sometimes used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taraxacum", + "genus Taraxacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asterid dicot genus of the family Compositae including dandelions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandelion", + "blowball" + ], + "it": [ + "dente di leone", + "pisciacane", + "soffione", + "tarassaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common dandelion", + "Taraxacum ruderalia", + "Taraxacum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Taraxacum officinale", + "piscialetto", + "soffione", + "tarassaco comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandelion green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foliage of the dandelion plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian dandelion", + "kok-saghyz", + "kok-sagyz", + "Taraxacum kok-saghyz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial dandelion native to Kazakhstan cultivated for its fleshy roots that have high rubber content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetraneuris", + "genus Tetraneuris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hairy yellow-flowered plants of the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemless hymenoxys", + "Tetraneuris acaulis", + "Hymenoxys acaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial having tufted basal leaves and short leafless stalks each bearing a solitary yellow flower head; dry hillsides and plains of west central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old man of the mountain", + "alpine sunflower", + "Tetraneuris grandiflora", + "Hymenoxys grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish hairy plant with featherlike leaves and a few stout stems each bearing an especially handsome solitary large yellow flower head; mountainous regions north central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tithonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of robust herbs of Mexico and Central America: Mexican sunflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican sunflower", + "tithonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Tithonia; tall coarse herbs or shrubs of Mexico to Panama having large flower heads resembling sunflowers with yellow disc florets and golden-yellow to orange-scarlet rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Townsendia", + "genus Townsendia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western American low tufted herbs: Easter daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter daisy", + "stemless daisy", + "Townsendia Exscapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf tufted nearly stemless herb having a rosette of woolly leaves and large white-rayed flower heads and bristly achenes; central Canada and United States west to Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tragopogon", + "genus Tragopogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World herbs with linear entire leaves and yellow or purple flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow salsify", + "Tragopogon dubius" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragopogon dubius", + "barba-di-Becco a tromba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial naturalized throughout United States having hollow stems with a few long narrow tapered leaves and each bearing a solitary pale yellow flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsify", + "oyster plant", + "vegetable oyster", + "Tragopogon porrifolius" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragopogon porrifolius", + "barba-di-Becco violetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsify", + "oyster plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible root of the salsify plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow salsify", + "goatsbeard", + "shepherd's clock", + "Tragopogon pratensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy European annual with yellow flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trilisa", + "genus Trilisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild vanilla", + "Trilisa odoratissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tripleurospermum", + "genus Tripleurospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus comprising plants often included in genus Matricaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scentless camomile", + "scentless false camomile", + "scentless mayweed", + "scentless hayweed", + "corn mayweed", + "Tripleurospermum inodorum", + "Matricaria inodorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turfing daisy", + "Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii", + "Matricaria oreades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turfing daisy", + "Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii", + "Matricaria tchihatchewii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tussilago", + "genus Tussilago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low creeping yellow-flowered perennial herbs of north temperate regions: coltsfoots; in some classifications includes species often placed in other genera especially Homogyne and Petasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coltsfoot", + "Tussilago farfara" + ], + "it": [ + "Tussilago farfara", + "farfara", + "farfaro", + "tossilaggine comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ursinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African herbs and shrubs cultivated as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ursinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Ursinia grown for their yellow- or orange- or white-rayed flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verbesina", + "genus Verbesina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and shrubs of warm North America to Mexico; includes plants formerly placed in genus Actinomeris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinomeris", + "genus Actinomeris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for plants now included in genus Verbesina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crownbeard", + "crown-beard", + "crown beard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Verbesina having clustered white or yellow flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingstem", + "golden ironweed", + "yellow ironweed", + "golden honey plant", + "Verbesina alternifolia", + "Actinomeris alternifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb with showy yellow flowers; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowpen daisy", + "golden crownbeard", + "golden crown beard", + "butter daisy", + "Verbesina encelioides", + "Ximenesia encelioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse greyish-green annual yellow-flowered herb; southwestern United States to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravelweed", + "Verbesina helianthoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb with yellow flowers; southern and south central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia crownbeard", + "frostweed", + "frost-weed", + "Verbesina virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial herb having clusters of white flowers; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vernonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of New World tropical herbs or shrubs with terminal cymose heads of tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironweed", + "vernonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Wyethia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse leafy perennial plants resembling sunflowers found especially in the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mule's ears", + "Wyethia amplexicaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balsamic-resinous herb with clumps of lanceolate leaves and stout leafy stems ending in large deep yellow flowers on long stalks; northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-rayed mule's ears", + "Wyethia helianthoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with basal leaves and leafy hairy stems bearing solitary flower heads with white or pale cream-colored rays; northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthium", + "genus Xanthium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse herbs having small heads of greenish flowers followed by burrs with hooked bristles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocklebur", + "cockle-bur", + "cockleburr", + "cockle-burr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any coarse weed of the genus Xanthium having spiny burrs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Xeranthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of annual densely hairy herbs of Mediterranean to southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xeranthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Xeranthemum native to southern Europe having chaffy or silvery flower heads with purplish tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immortelle", + "Xeranthemum annuum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly widely cultivated species of everlasting flowers having usually purple flowers; southern Europe to Iran; naturalized elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Zinnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of annual or perennial plants of tropical America having solitary heads of brightly colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinnia", + "old maid", + "old maid flower" + ], + "it": [ + "zinia", + "zinnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Zinnia cultivated for their variously and brightly colored flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white zinnia", + "Zinnia acerosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subshrub with slender woolly stems and long narrow leaves and flower heads with white rays; southern United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little golden zinnia", + "Zinnia grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subshrub having short leafy stems and numerous small flower heads with nearly round yellow-orange rays; Arizona south to Mexico and east to Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loasaceae", + "family Loasaceae", + "loasa family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of bristly hairy sometimes climbing plants; America and Africa and southern Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Loasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American prickly herbs or subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mentzelia", + "genus Mentzelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of bristly herbs or subshrubs of western America lacking stinging hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blazing star", + "Mentzelia livicaulis", + "Mentzelia laevicaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial of southwestern United States having white stems and toothed leaves that is grown for its large pale yellow flowers that open in early morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bartonia", + "Mentzelia lindleyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual grown especially for its fragrant golden nocturnal flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achene" + ], + "it": [ + "achenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dry indehiscent fruit with the seed distinct from the fruit wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samara", + "key fruit", + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "samara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winged often one-seed indehiscent fruit as of the ash or elm or maple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur", + "burr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed vessel having hooks or prickles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campanulaceae", + "family Campanulaceae", + "bellflower family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of plants of the order Campanulales; in some classifications includes Lobeliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Campanula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of herbs grown for their blossoms: bellflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campanula", + "bellflower" + ], + "it": [ + "campanella", + "campanula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harebell", + "bluebell", + "Campanula rotundifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula rotundifolia", + "campanula soldanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping bellflower", + "Campanula rapunculoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula rapunculoides", + "campanula serpeggiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canterbury bell", + "cup and saucer", + "Campanula medium" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula medium", + "campanula toscana", + "erba media", + "giulietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern harebell", + "Campanula divaricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall bellflower", + "Campanula americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh bellflower", + "Campanula aparinoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clustered bellflower", + "Campanula glomerata" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula glomerata", + "campanula agglomerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach bells", + "peach bell", + "willow bell", + "Campanula persicifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula persicifolia", + "campanula con foglie di Pesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimney plant", + "chimney bellflower", + "Campanula pyramidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellflower of southeastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rampion", + "rampion bellflower", + "Campanula rapunculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula rapunculus", + "raperonzolo", + "raponzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throatwort", + "nettle-leaved bellflower", + "Campanula trachelium" + ], + "it": [ + "Campanula trachelium", + "campanula selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tussock bellflower", + "spreading bellflower", + "Campanula carpatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orchidales", + "order Orchidales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of plants with irregular flowers having minute seeds: Orchidaceae; Burmanniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orchidaceae", + "family Orchidaceae", + "orchid family" + ], + "it": [ + "orchidacee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enormous cosmopolitan family of perennial terrestrial or epiphytic plants with fleshy tubers or rootstocks and unusual flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchid", + "orchidaceous plant" + ], + "it": [ + "orchidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the orchid family usually having flowers of unusual shapes and beautiful colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Orchis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the orchid family; hardy terrestrial orchids of the temperate the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous terrestrial orchids having fleshy tubers and flowers in erect terminal racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male orchis", + "early purple orchid", + "Orchis mascula" + ], + "it": [ + "Orchis mascula", + "orchide maschia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian orchid with showy pink or purple flowers in a loose spike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly orchid", + "butterfly orchis", + "Orchis papilionaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean orchid having usually purple flowers with a fan-shaped spotted or striped rose-red lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showy orchis", + "purple orchis", + "purple-hooded orchis", + "Orchis spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American orchid having a spike of violet-purple flowers mixed with white; sepals and petals form a hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aerides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic orchids of tropical Asia having stiff leaves and fragrant white flowers in arching racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any orchid of the genus Aerides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Angrecum", + "Angraecum", + "genus Angraecum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Old World epiphytic orchids with showy flowers sometimes grotesque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angrecum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various spectacular orchids of the genus Angraecum having dark green leathery leaves and usually nocturnally scented white or ivory flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anoectochilus", + "genus Anoectochilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of delicate Asiatic orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewel orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several delicate Asiatic orchids grown especially for their velvety leaves with metallic white or gold veining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aplectrum", + "genus Aplectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puttyroot", + "adam-and-eve", + "Aplectrum hyemale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American orchid bearing a single leaf and yellowish-brown flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Arethusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of bog orchids of North America and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arethusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bog orchids of the genus Arethusa having 1 or 2 showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog rose", + "wild pink", + "dragon's mouth", + "Arethusa bulbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bog orchid with usually a solitary fragrant magenta pink blossom with a wide gaping corolla; Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bletia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American terrestrial orchids with large purple or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bletia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Bletia having pseudobulbs and erect leafless racemes of large purple or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bletilla", + "genus Bletilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly east Asiatic hardy terrestrial orchids similar to genus Bletia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bletilla striata", + "Bletia striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese orchid with white-striped leaves and slender erect racemes of rose to magenta flowers; often cultivated; sometimes placed in genus Bletia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudobulb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid bulblike enlargement of the stem of some orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Brassavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic rhizomatous orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brassavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical American orchids with usually solitary fleshy leaves and showy white to green nocturnally fragrant blossoms solitary or in racemes of up to 7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brassia", + "genus Brassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids having striking axillary racemes of yellow to green spiderlike flowers with long slender sepals and warty lips: spider orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider orchid", + "Brassia lawrenceana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American orchid with spiderlike pale-yellow to pale-green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider orchid", + "Brassia verrucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Central American orchid having spiderlike flowers with prominent green warts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Caladenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial orchids of Australia to New Caledonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caladenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Caladenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebra orchid", + "Caladenia cairnsiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid with reddish linear leaves and panicle of purple-marked pale-yellow flowers with deep red or purple lip; southwestern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and widely distributed genus of terrestrial orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various showy orchids of the genus Calanthe having white or yellow or rose-colored flowers and broad leaves folded lengthwise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calopogon", + "genus Calopogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial orchids of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass pink", + "Calopogon pulchellum", + "Calopogon tuberosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calypso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species found throughout much of northern North America and Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calypso", + "fairy-slipper", + "Calypso bulbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare north temperate bog orchid bearing a solitary white to pink flower marked with purple at the tip of an erect reddish stalk above 1 basal leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catasetum", + "genus Catasetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American orchids having showy male and female flowers usually on separate inflorescences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping orchid", + "Catasetum macrocarpum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having both male and female flowers in the same raceme; when a sensitive projection at the base of the column of the male flower is touched the pollen is suddenly ejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cattleya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and highly valued genus of beautiful tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic orchids; the typical orchids; known in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattleya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any orchid of the genus Cattleya characterized by a three-lobed lip enclosing the column; among the most popular and most extravagantly beautiful orchids known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalanthera", + "genus Cephalanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of temperate Old World terrestrial orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helleborine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several orchids of the genus Cephalanthera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red helleborine", + "Cephalanthera rubra" + ], + "it": [ + "Cephalanthera rubra", + "cefalantera rossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of Mediterranean and Asia having a lax spike of bright rose-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleistes", + "genus Cleistes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial orchids of North and South America having slender fibrous roots; allied to genus Pogonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spreading pogonia", + "funnel-crest rosebud orchid", + "Cleistes divaricata", + "Pogonia divaricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of northeastern United States with magenta-pink flowers having funnel-shaped lip; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosebud orchid", + "Cleistes rosea", + "Pogonia rosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of central and northern South America having 1- to 3-blossomed racemes of large showy rose-colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coeloglossum", + "genus Coeloglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial orchids of cooler parts of North America and Europe: satyr orchid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satyr orchid", + "Coeloglossum bracteatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid with broad ovate leaves and long-bracted green very irregular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog orchid", + "Coeloglossum viride" + ], + "it": [ + "Coeloglossum viride", + "celoglosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having hooded long-bracted green to yellow-green flowers suffused with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coelogyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large diverse genus of tropical Asiatic epiphytic orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelogyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Coelogyne with: clusters of fragrant lacy snow-white flowers; salmon-pink solitary flowers; chainlike racemes of topaz and chocolate brown flowers; spikes of delicate white spice-scented flowers; emerald green flowers marked with blue-black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corallorhiza", + "genus Corallorhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of leafless root-parasitic orchids having small purplish or yellowish racemose flowers with lobed lips; widely distributed in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wildflower of the genus Corallorhiza growing from a hard mass of rhizomes associated with a fungus that aids in absorbing nutrients from the forest floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted coral root", + "Corallorhiza maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common coral root having yellowish- or reddish- or purplish-brown leafless stems bearing loose racemes of similarly colored flowers with white purple-spotted lips; Guatemala to Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped coral root", + "Corallorhiza striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nearly leafless wildflower with erect reddish-purple stems bearing racemes of pale pinkish and brownish-striped flowers; western Canada to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early coral root", + "pale coral root", + "Corallorhiza trifida" + ], + "it": [ + "Corallorhiza trifida", + "coralloriza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having clumps of nearly leafless pale yellowish to greenish stems bearing similarly colored flowers with white lower lips; northern New Mexico north through South Dakota and Washington to Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coryanthes", + "genus Coryanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helmetflower", + "helmet orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several orchids of the genus Coryanthes having racemes of a few musky-scented waxy flowers with a helmet-shaped lip process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycnoches", + "genus Cycnoches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of epiphytic or terrestrial tropical American orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan orchid", + "swanflower", + "swan-flower", + "swanneck", + "swan-neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several orchids of the genus Cycnoches having slender arching columns of flowers suggesting the neck of a swan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cymbidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical epiphytic or terrestrial Old World orchids; one of the most popular orchid genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymbid", + "cymbidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Cymbidium having narrow leaves and a long drooping cluster of numerous showy and variously colored boat-shaped flowers; extensively hybridized and cultivated as houseplants and important florists' flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypripedium", + "genus Cypripedium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly American perennial leafy-stemmed orchids: lady's slippers; sometimes includes species of genus Paphiopedilum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypripedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant or flower of the genus Cypripedium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady's slipper", + "lady-slipper", + "ladies' slipper", + "slipper orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several chiefly American wildflowers having an inflated pouchlike lip; difficult or impossible to cultivate in the garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moccasin flower", + "nerveroot", + "Cypripedium acaule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "once common rose pink woodland orchid of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common lady's-slipper", + "showy lady's-slipper", + "showy lady slipper", + "Cypripedium reginae", + "Cypripedium album" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale pink wild orchid of northeastern America having an inflated pouchlike lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ram's-head", + "ram's-head lady's slipper", + "Cypripedium arietinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of northern North America having a brownish-green flower and red-and-white lip suggestive of a ram's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow lady's slipper", + "yellow lady-slipper", + "Cypripedium calceolus", + "Cypripedium parviflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maroon to purple-brown orchid with yellow lip; Europe, North America and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large yellow lady's slipper", + "Cypripedium calceolus pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of eastern and central North America having slightly fragrant purple-marked greenish-yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California lady's slipper", + "Cypripedium californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often having many yellow-green orchids with white pouches growing along streams and seeps of southwestern Oregon and northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clustered lady's slipper", + "Cypripedium fasciculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clusters of several short stems each having 2 broad leaves and 2-4 drooping brownish to greenish flowers with pouches mottled with purple; British Columbia to central California and northern Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain lady's slipper", + "Cypripedium montanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafy plant having a few stems in a clump with 1 white and dull purple flower in each upper leaf axil; Alaska to northern California and Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylorhiza", + "genus Dactylorhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and Asia and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several orchids of the genus Dactylorhiza having fingerlike tuberous roots; Europe and Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common spotted orchid", + "Dactylorhiza fuchsii", + "Dactylorhiza maculata fuchsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid having lanceolate leaves spotted purple and pink to white or mauve flowers spotted or lined deep red or purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dendrobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus and variable genus of chiefly epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Asia and Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dendrobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Dendrobium having stems like cane and usually showy racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Disa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of showy tropical African terrestrial orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any orchid of the genus Disa; beautiful orchids with dark green leaves and usually hooded flowers; much prized as emblematic flowers in their native regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracula", + "genus Dracula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants having bizarre and often sinister-looking flowers with pendulous scapes and motile lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryadella", + "genus Dryadella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: very dwarf plants having short tufted and usually unifoliate stems with usually solitary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eburophyton", + "genus Eburophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phantom orchid", + "snow orchid", + "Eburophyton austinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waxy white nearly leafless plant with stems in clusters and racemes of white flowers; northwestern United States to northern California and east to Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Encyclia", + "genus Encyclia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of epiphytic and lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas and West Indies; formerly included in genus Epidendrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulip orchid", + "Encyclia citrina", + "Cattleya citrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican epiphytic orchid with glaucous grey-green leaves and lemon- to golden-yellow flowers appearing only partially opened; sometimes placed in genus Cattleya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly orchid", + "Encyclia tampensis", + "Epidendrum tampense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of Florida and the Bahamas having showy brightly colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Epidendrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly orchid", + "butterfly orchis", + "Epidendrum venosum", + "Encyclia venosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican epiphytic orchid having pale green or yellow-green flowers with white purple-veined lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epidendrum", + "genus Epidendrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and variable genus of terrestrial or epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas; some native to United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Epidendrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epipactis", + "genus Epipactis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hardy orchids with leafy-bracted racemes of greenish or purplish irregular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helleborine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Epipactis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epipactis helleborine" + ], + "it": [ + "Epipactis helleborine", + "elleborine comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid with spikes of green and pinkish or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream orchid", + "chatterbox", + "giant helleborine", + "Epipactis gigantea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid growing along streams or ponds of western North America having leafy stems and 1 greenish-brown and pinkish flower in the axil of each upper leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glossodia", + "genus Glossodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongueflower", + "tongue-flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having blue to purple flowers with tongue-shaped or strap-shaped protuberances (calli) at the lip base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodyera", + "genus Goodyera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small orchids of the northern hemisphere with creeping rhizomes and stalked ovate leaves and small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake plantain", + "helleborine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small temperate and tropical orchids having mottled or striped leaves and spikes of small yellowish-white flowers in a twisted raceme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grammatophyllum", + "genus Grammatophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of large epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of southeastern Asia to Polynesia; the giants of the Orchidaceae having long narrow leaves and drooping flower clusters often 6 feet long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnadenia", + "genus Gymnadenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of terrestrial orchids of North America and temperate Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragrant orchid", + "Gymnadenia conopsea" + ], + "it": [ + "Gymnadenia conopsea", + "manina rosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid having dense spikes of fragrant pink or lilac or red flowers with conspicuous spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-spurred fragrant orchid", + "Gymnadenia odoratissima" + ], + "it": [ + "Gymnadenia odoratissima", + "manina profumata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Gymnadenia conopsea but with smaller flowers on shorter stems and having much shorter spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnadeniopsis", + "genus Gymnadeniopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American terrestrial orchids usually included in genus Habenaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Habenaria", + "genus Habenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly terrestrial orchids with tubers or fleshy roots often having long slender spurs and petals and lip lobes; includes species formerly placed in genus Gymnadeniopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed orchis", + "fringed orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several summer-flowering American orchids distinguished by a fringed or lacerated lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several green orchids of the genus Habenaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rein orchid", + "rein orchis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several American wildflowers with a kidney-shaped lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog rein orchid", + "bog candles", + "Habenaria dilatata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid with spikes of many fragrant white flowers on erect leafy stems; of wet or boggy ground through most of the West and northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white fringed orchis", + "white fringed orchid", + "Habenaria albiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog orchid of eastern North America with a spike of pure white fringed flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegant Habenaria", + "Habenaria elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender inland rein orchid similar to coastal rein orchid but with pale greenish-yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple-fringed orchid", + "purple-fringed orchis", + "Habenaria fimbriata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American orchid similar to Habenaria psycodes with larger paler flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastal rein orchid", + "Habenaria greenei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout orchid of central California to northern Washington having racemes of white fragrant bilaterally symmetrical flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooker's orchid", + "Habenaria hookeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-spurred orchid with base leaves and petals converging under the upper sepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragged orchid", + "ragged orchis", + "ragged-fringed orchid", + "green fringed orchis", + "Habenaria lacera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fringed orchid of the eastern United States having a greenish flower with the lip deeply lacerated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie orchid", + "prairie white-fringed orchis", + "Habenaria leucophaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of boggy or wet lands of north central United States having racemes of very fragrant creamy or greenish white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowy orchid", + "Habenaria nivea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender fringed orchid of eastern North America having white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-leaved rein orchid", + "Habenaria orbiculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having a raceme of large greenish-white flowers on a single flower stalk growing between two elliptic or round basal leaves lying on the ground; from northern Oregon and Montana across Canada to the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple fringeless orchid", + "purple fringeless orchis", + "Habenaria peramoena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of northeastern and alpine eastern North America closely related to the purple fringed orchids but having rosy-purple or violet flowers with denticulate leaf divisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple-fringed orchid", + "purple-fringed orchis", + "Habenaria psycodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American orchid with clusters of fragrant purple fringed flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska rein orchid", + "Habenaria unalascensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to coastal rein orchid but with smaller flowers; Alaska to Baja California and east to the Dakotas and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexalectris", + "genus Hexalectris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crested coral root", + "Hexalectris spicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid with yellowish-brown flowers with dark veins; southeastern Arizona to the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas purple spike", + "Hexalectris warnockii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid with slender nearly leafless reddish-brown stems with loose racemes of reddish-brown flowers; of open brushy woods of southeastern Arizona and central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himantoglossum", + "genus Himantoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lizard orchid", + "Himantoglossum hircinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Himantoglossum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Laelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of mostly epiphytic or lithophytic Central and South American orchids of various sizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various spectacular plants of the genus Laelia having showy flowers in many colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Liparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids; pantropical to temperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Liparis having few leaves and usually fairly small yellow-green or dull purple flowers in terminal racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twayblade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Liparis having a pair of leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fen orchid", + "fen orchis", + "Liparis loeselii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial orchid of eastern North America and Europe having two nearly basal leaves and dull yellow-green racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Listera", + "genus Listera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of terrestrial orchids having usually a single pair of broad shining leaves near the middle of the stem; found in temperate Asia and North America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad-leaved twayblade", + "Listera convallarioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small orchid with two elliptic leaves and a slender raceme of small green flowers; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser twayblade", + "Listera cordata" + ], + "it": [ + "Listera cordata", + "listera minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having two triangular leaves and a short lax raceme of green to rust-colored flowers with the lip flushed mauve; Europe and Asia and North America and Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twayblade", + "Listera ovata" + ], + "it": [ + "Listera ovata", + "listera maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having a pair of ovate leaves and a long slender raceme of green flowers sometimes tinged red-brown; Europe to central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaxis", + "genus Malaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of largely terrestrial orchids with one or a few plicate leaves and slender spikes or tiny mostly green flowers; cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green adder's mouth", + "Malaxis-unifolia", + "Malaxis ophioglossoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American orchid having a solitary leaf and flowers with threadlike petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Masdevallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids whose flowers have sepals fused at the base forming a tube; includes orchids sometimes placed in genera Dracula and Dryadella and Scaphosepalum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masdevallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous orchids of the genus Masdevallia; tufted evergreen often diminutive plants whose flowers in a remarkable range of colors usually resemble a tricorn with sepals fused at the base to form a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Maxillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with persistent leathery leaves and single-flowered scapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous orchids of the genus Maxillaria often cultivated for their large brilliantly colored solitary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miltonia", + "genus Miltonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pansy orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Miltonia having solitary or loosely racemose showy broadly spreading flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Odontoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and important genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids; some of the most widely grown species are often placed in other genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odontoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous and diverse orchids of the genus Odontoglossum having racemes of few to many showy usually large flowers in many colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Oncidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of showy epiphytic or lithophytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical and subtropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oncidium", + "dancing lady orchid", + "butterfly plant", + "butterfly orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any orchid of the genus Oncidium: characterized by slender branching sprays of small yellow and brown flowers; often grown as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophrys", + "genus Ophrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hardy genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and northern Africa and western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee orchid", + "Ophrys apifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Ophrys apifera", + "ofride fior delle Api" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid whose flowers resemble bumble bees in shape and color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly orchid", + "Ophrys insectifera", + "Ophrys muscifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Ophrys insectifera", + "ofride insettifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid whose flowers resemble flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several European orchids of the genus Ophrys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early spider orchid", + "Ophrys sphegodes" + ], + "it": [ + "Ophrys sphegodes", + "ofride verde-bruna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring-blooming spider orchid having a flower with yellow or green or pink sepals and a broad brown velvety lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paphiopedilum", + "genus Paphiopedilum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horticulturally important genus of mainly terrestrial orchids including many hybrids; southeastern Asia and Indonesia to Philippines and Solomon Islands; Paphiopedilum species sometimes included in genus Cypripedium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus' slipper", + "Venus's slipper", + "Venus's shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Paphiopedilum having slender flower stalks bearing 1 to several waxy flowers with pouchlike lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phaius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic and Australian terrestrial orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phaius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Phaius having large plicate leaves and racemes of showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalaenopsis", + "genus Phalaenopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ornamental epiphytic orchids of Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moth orchid", + "moth plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Phalaenopsis having often drooping glossy broad obovate or oval leaves usually dark green flushed purple or mottled grey and silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly plant", + "Phalaenopsis amabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having large elliptic to obovate fleshy leaves and fragrant pink-and-white flowers dotted with red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholidota", + "genus Pholidota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly epiphytic orchids of Indonesia and the western Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Pholidota having numerous white to brown flowers in spiraling racemes clothed in slightly inflated bracts and resembling a rattlesnake's tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phragmipedium", + "genus Phragmipedium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American orchid species often included in genus Cypripedium or Paphiopedilum and Selenipedium: lady slippers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platanthera", + "genus Platanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous terrestrial orchids of temperate northern and southern hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser butterfly orchid", + "Platanthera bifolia", + "Habenaria bifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Platanthera bifolia", + "platantera comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "south European orchid having fragrant greenish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater butterfly orchid", + "Platanthera chlorantha", + "Habenaria chlorantha" + ], + "it": [ + "Platanthera chlorantha", + "platantera verdastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "south European orchid with dark green flowers that are larger and less fragrant than Platanthera bifolia; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie white-fringed orchid", + "Platanthera leucophea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of central North America; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectorrhiza", + "genus Plectorrhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangle orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Plectorrhiza having tangled roots and long wiry stems bearing lax racemes of small fragrant green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleione", + "genus Pleione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of dwarf orchids; India to Thailand and Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian crocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several dwarf orchids of the genus Pleione bearing one or two solitary white or pink to magenta or occasionally yellow flowers with slender stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pleurothallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleurothallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small tufted orchids of the genus Pleurothallis having leathery to fleshy leaves and racemes of 1 to many small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pogonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small but widely distributed genus of orchids closely related to genus Cleistes;: of damp or boggy areas of north temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pogonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hardy bog orchid of the genus Pogonia: terrestrial orchids having slender rootstocks and erect stems bearing one or a few leaves and a solitary terminal flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psychopsis", + "genus Psychopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic orchids of Central and South America formerly included in genus Oncidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any orchid of the genus Psychopsis: spectacular large tiger-striped orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psychopsis krameriana", + "Oncidium papilio kramerianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of South and Central America having flowers similar to but smaller than Psychopsis papilio; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psychopsis papilio", + "Oncidium papilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid of South America and Trinidad having large yellow and reddish-brown flowers; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterostylis", + "genus Pterostylis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of terrestrial orchids of Australia and New Zealand and western Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helmet orchid", + "greenhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous orchids of the genus Pterostylis having leaves in a basal rosette and green flowers often striped purple or brown or red with the dorsal sepal incurved to form a hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhyncostylis", + "genus Rhyncostylis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of epiphytic orchids of tropical Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxtail orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Rhyncostylis having pink- to purple-marked white flowers in a dense cylindrical raceme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcochilus", + "genus Sarcochilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminutive epiphytic or lithophytic orchids with clumped short-stemmed foliage and arching racemes of colorful flowers; Australia and Polynesia to southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange-blossom orchid", + "Sarcochilus falcatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminutive Australian orchid with loose racemes of fragrant white flowers with purple and orange markings on the lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scaphosepalum", + "genus Scaphosepalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises some tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants with small flowers carried on one scape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schomburgkia", + "genus Schomburgkia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with showy racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selenipedium", + "genus Selenipedium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tall reedlike tropical American orchids; includes species with pods used locally as a substitute for vanilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sobralia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sobralia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various showy orchids of the genus Sobralia having leafy stems and bright-colored solitary or racemose flowers similar to those of genus Cattleya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spiranthes", + "genus Spiranthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large cosmopolitan genus of white-flowered terrestrial orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladies' tresses", + "lady's tresses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having slender often twisted spikes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw augur", + "Spiranthes cernua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having tall erect densely flowered spiraling clusters of creamy white vanilla-scented flowers; widely distributed especially in low damp places of eastern and central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooded ladies' tresses", + "Spiranthes romanzoffiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchid having dense clusters of gently spiraling creamy white flowers with 2 upper petals forming a hood; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western ladies' tresses", + "Spiranthes porrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Spiranthes romanzoffiana;States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European ladies' tresses", + "Spiranthes spiralis" + ], + "it": [ + "Spiranthes spiralis", + "viticcini autunnali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European orchid having shorter racemes of strongly spiraling snow-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stanhopea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stanhopea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various orchids of the genus Stanhopea having a single large leaf and loose racemes of large fragrant flowers of various colors; Mexico to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small caespitose orchids of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small tropical American orchids of the genus Stelis having long slender racemes of numerous small to minute flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichoceros", + "genus Trichoceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of small epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly orchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several dwarf creeping orchids with small bizarre insect-like hairy flowers on slender stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of showy epiphytic orchids of Himalayas to Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous showy orchids of the genus Vanda having many large flowers in loose racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue orchid", + "Vanda caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "famous orchid of northern India having large pale to deep lilac-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vanilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical climbing orchids; Old and New Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla" + ], + "it": [ + "vaniglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous climbing plants of the genus Vanilla having fleshy leaves and clusters of large waxy highly fragrant white or green or topaz flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla orchid", + "Vanilla planifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climbing orchid bearing a podlike fruit yielding vanilla beans; widely cultivated from Florida southward throughout tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanillin" + ], + "it": [ + "vainiglina", + "vanillina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline compound found in vanilla beans and some balsam resins; used in perfumes and flavorings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmanniaceae", + "family Burmanniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of chiefly tropical herbs with basal leaves like bracts and small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmannia", + "genus Burmannia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Burmanniaceae; slender herbs of warm regions with leaves resembling scales and flowers with a three-angled or three-winged perianth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dioscoreaceae", + "family Dioscoreaceae", + "yam family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dioscorea", + "genus Dioscorea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam", + "yam plant" + ], + "it": [ + "igname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of tropical vines of the genus Dioscorea many having edible tuberous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible tuber of any of several yams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white yam", + "water yam", + "Dioscorea alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown in Australasia and Polynesia for its large root with fine edible white flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon vine", + "Chinese yam", + "Dioscorea batata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy Chinese vine naturalized in United States and cultivated as an ornamental climber for its glossy heart-shaped cinnamon-scented leaves and in the tropics for its edible tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air potato", + "Dioscorea bulbifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yam of tropical Africa and Asia cultivated for it large tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant's-foot", + "tortoise plant", + "Hottentot bread vine", + "Hottentot's bread vine", + "Dioscorea elephantipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African vine having a massive rootstock covered with deeply fissured bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hottentot bread", + "Hottentot's bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick edible rootstock of elephant's-foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild yam", + "Dioscorea paniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a rhizome formerly dried and used to treat rheumatism or liver disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cush-cush", + "Dioscorea trifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American yam with small yellow edible tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamus", + "genus Tamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tuberous vines of the family Dioscoreaceae; has twining stems and heart-shaped leaves and axillary racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bryony", + "black bindweed", + "Tamus communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Tamus communis", + "tamaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European twining vine with tuberous roots and cordate leaves and red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Primulales", + "order Primulales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Primulaceae; Theophrastaceae; Myrsinaceae; and (in some classifications) Plumbaginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Primulaceae", + "family Primulaceae", + "primrose family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous family of the order Primulales with a regular flower; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Primula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large and important genus of plants of temperate Europe and Asia having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primrose", + "primula" + ], + "it": [ + "primola", + "primula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English primrose", + "Primula vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Primula vulgaris", + "primavera", + "primula comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowslip", + "paigle", + "Primula veris" + ], + "it": [ + "Primula veris", + "primula odorosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxlip", + "paigle", + "Primula elatior" + ], + "it": [ + "Primula elatior", + "primula maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese primrose", + "Primula sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated Asiatic primrose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricula", + "bear's ear", + "Primula auricula" + ], + "it": [ + "Primula auricula", + "primula orecchia-d'orso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyanthus", + "Primula polyantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "florists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anagallis", + "genus Anagallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly Old World herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimpernel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Anagallis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet pimpernel", + "red pimpernel", + "poor man's weatherglass", + "Anagallis arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Anagallis arvensis", + "anagallide", + "centonchio dei campi", + "mordigallina", + "terzanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog pimpernel", + "Anagallis tenella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centunculus", + "genus Centunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Primulaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaffweed", + "bastard pimpernel", + "false pimpernel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy plant having short dry chafflike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cyclamen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of widely cultivated flowering Eurasian herbs with centrally depressed rounded tubers and rounded heart-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclamen", + "Cyclamen purpurascens" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclamino", + "ciclamo", + "pan porcino", + "panporcino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean plant widely cultivated as a houseplant for its showy dark green leaves splotched with silver and nodding white or pink to reddish flowers with reflexed petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sowbread", + "Cyclamen hederifolium", + "Cyclamen neopolitanum" + ], + "it": [ + "Cyclamen hederifolium", + "ciclamino napoletano", + "pamporcino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common wild European cyclamen with pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glaux", + "genus Glaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea milkwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea milkwort", + "sea trifoly", + "black saltwort", + "Glaux maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hottonia", + "genus Hottonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherfoil", + "feather-foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Hottonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water gillyflower", + "American featherfoil", + "Hottonia inflata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a featherfoil of the eastern United States with submerged spongy inflated flower stalks and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water violet", + "Hottonia palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Hottonia palustris", + "erba scopina", + "fertro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "featherfoil of Europe and western Asia having submerged and floating leaves and violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysimachia", + "genus Lysimachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosestrife: a cosmopolitan genus found in damp or swampy terrain having usually yellow flowers; inclined to be invasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosestrife" + ], + "it": [ + "lisimachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gooseneck loosestrife", + "Lysimachia clethroides Duby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of the loosestrife herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow pimpernel", + "Lysimachia nemorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing European evergreen with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed loosestrife", + "Lysimachia ciliatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneywort", + "creeping Jenny", + "creeping Charlie", + "Lysimachia nummularia" + ], + "it": [ + "Lysimachia nummularia", + "erba soldina", + "mazza-d'oro minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosestrife vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow loosestrife", + "garden loosestrife", + "Lysimachia vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Lysimachia vulgaris", + "mazza-d'oro comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp candles", + "Lysimachia terrestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whorled loosestrife", + "Lysimachia quadrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American yellow-flowered plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samolus", + "genus Samolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs usually growing in salt marshes: water pimpernels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water pimpernel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white-flowered aquatic plant of the genus Samolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brookweed", + "Samolus valerandii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water pimpernel of Europe to China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brookweed", + "Samolus parviflorus", + "Samolus floribundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American water pimpernel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrsinaceae", + "family Myrsinaceae", + "myrsine family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of Old World tropical trees and shrubs; some in Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrsine", + "genus Myrsine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees and shrubs having aromatic foliage; Africa; Asia (New Zealand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ardisia", + "genus Ardisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical evergreen subshrubs (some climbers) to trees of Asia and Australasia to Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coralberry", + "spiceberry", + "Ardisia crenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with coral-red berries; Japan to northern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marlberry", + "Ardisia escallonoides", + "Ardisia paniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American shrub or small tree with brown wood and dark berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plumbaginales", + "order Plumbaginales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Plumbaginaceae; usually included in order Primulales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plumbaginaceae", + "family Plumbaginaceae", + "leadwort family", + "sea-lavender family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs and shrubs and lianas; cosmopolitan especially in saltwater areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Plumbago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs and herbs and woody vines of warm regions: leadwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumbago" + ], + "it": [ + "piombaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadwort", + "Plumbago europaea" + ], + "it": [ + "piombaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Plumbago with blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armeria", + "genus Armeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby or herbaceous low-growing evergreen perennials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous sun-loving low-growing evergreens of the genus Armeria having round heads of pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff rose", + "sea pink", + "Armeria maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted thrift of seacoasts and mountains of north temperate zone; occasionally grown as a ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limonium", + "genus Limonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea lavender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lavender", + "marsh rosemary", + "statice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Limonium of temperate salt marshes having spikes of white or mauve flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theophrastaceae", + "family Theophrastaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of mainly tropical American trees and shrubs similar to those of the Myrsinaceae; often included in the Myrsinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacquinia", + "genus Jacquinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Myrsinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracelet wood", + "Jacquinia armillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small West Indian shrub or tree with hard glossy seeds patterned yellow and brown that are used to make bracelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbasco", + "joewood", + "Jacquinia keyensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian shrub or small tree having leathery saponaceous leaves and extremely hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graminales", + "order Graminales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasses; sedges; rushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gramineae", + "family Gramineae", + "Graminaceae", + "family Graminaceae", + "Poaceae", + "family Poaceae", + "grass family" + ], + "it": [ + "graminacee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grasses: chiefly herbaceous but some woody plants including cereals; bamboo; reeds; sugar cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gramineous plant", + "graminaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass" + ], + "it": [ + "erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough grasses with strong roots that can grow on exposed sandy shores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunchgrass", + "bunch grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses of many genera that grow in tufts or clumps rather than forming a sod or mat; chiefly of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midgrass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses of moderate height which covered the undisturbed prairie in the United States; includes most of the forage grasses of the temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortgrass", + "short-grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses that are short and can tolerate drought conditions; common on the dry upland plains just east of the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses or sedges having sword-shaped leaves with sharp edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallgrass", + "tall-grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses that are tall and that flourish with abundant moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemongrass", + "lemon grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical grass native to India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbage", + "pasturage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegilops", + "genus Aegilops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goat grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat grass", + "Aegilops triuncalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European grass naturalized as a weed in North America; sharp-pointed seeds cause injury when eaten by livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agropyron", + "genus Agropyron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial grasses of temperate and cool regions: wheatgrass; dog grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheatgrass", + "wheat-grass" + ], + "it": [ + "agropiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass of the genus Agropyron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crested wheatgrass", + "crested wheat grass", + "fairway crested wheat grass", + "Agropyron cristatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian grass grown in United States great plains area for forage and erosion control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog grass", + "couch grass", + "quackgrass", + "quack grass", + "quick grass", + "witch grass", + "witchgrass", + "Agropyron repens" + ], + "it": [ + "Agropyron repens", + "gramigna", + "gramigna comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European grass spreading rapidly by creeping rhizomes; naturalized in North America as a weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearded wheatgrass", + "Agropyron subsecundum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheatgrass with straight terminal awns on the flowering glumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western wheatgrass", + "bluestem wheatgrass", + "Agropyron smithii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable forage grass of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermediate wheatgrass", + "Agropyron intermedium", + "Elymus hispidus" + ], + "it": [ + "Agropyron intermedium", + "gramigna intermedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic grass introduced into United States rangelands for pasture and fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender wheatgrass", + "Agropyron trachycaulum", + "Agropyron pauciflorum", + "Elymus trachycaulos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American grass cultivated in western United States as excellent forage crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrostis", + "genus Agrostis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial grasses cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere: bent grass (so named from `bent' meaning an area of unfenced grassland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bent", + "bent grass", + "bent-grass" + ], + "it": [ + "agrostide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass for pastures and lawns especially bowling and putting greens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvet bent", + "velvet bent grass", + "brown bent", + "Rhode Island bent", + "dog bent", + "Agrostis canina" + ], + "it": [ + "Agrostis canina", + "cappellini delle torbiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common grass with slender stems and narrow leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud grass", + "Agrostis nebulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish grass with light feathery panicles grown for dried bouquets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping bent", + "creeping bentgrass", + "Agrostis palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common pasture or lawn grass spread by long runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alopecurus", + "genus Alopecurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial grasses including decorative and meadow species as well as notorious agricultural weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow foxtail", + "Alopecurus pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Alopecurus pratensis", + "coda di topo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout erect perennial grass of northern parts of Old World having silky flowering spikes; widely cultivated for pasture and hay; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxtail", + "foxtail grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasses of the genera Alopecurus and Setaria having dense silky or bristly brushlike flowering spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andropogon", + "genus Andropogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall annual or perennial grasses with spikelike racemes; warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several grasses of the genus Andropogon; used in broom making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom sedge", + "Andropogon virginicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tufted grass of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arrhenatherum", + "genus Arrhenatherum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oat grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall oat grass", + "tall meadow grass", + "evergreen grass", + "false oat", + "French rye", + "Arrhenatherum elatius" + ], + "it": [ + "Arrhenatherum elatius", + "avena altissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse perennial Eurasian grass resembling oat; found on roadside verges and rough grassland and in hay meadows; introduced in North America for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arundo", + "genus Arundo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several coarse tall perennial grasses of most warm areas: reeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toetoe", + "toitoi", + "Arundo conspicua", + "Chionochloa conspicua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used by Maoris for thatching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant reed", + "Arundo donax" + ], + "it": [ + "Arundo donax", + "canna domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large rhizomatous perennial grasses found by riversides and in ditches having jointed stems and large grey-white feathery panicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avena", + "genus Avena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oat" + ], + "it": [ + "avena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual grass of Europe and North Africa; grains used as food and fodder (referred to primarily in the plural: `oats')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cereal oat", + "Avena sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Avena sativa", + "avena comune", + "biada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated in temperate regions for its edible grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild oat", + "wild oat grass", + "Avena fatua" + ], + "it": [ + "Avena fatua", + "avena selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common in meadows and pastures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender wild oat", + "Avena barbata" + ], + "it": [ + "Avena barbata", + "avena barbata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oat of southern Europe and southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild red oat", + "animated oat", + "Avene sterilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean oat held to be progenitor of modern cultivated oat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bromus", + "genus Bromus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brome", + "bromegrass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various woodland and meadow grasses of the genus Bromus; native to temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awnless bromegrass", + "Bromus inermis" + ], + "it": [ + "Bromus inermis", + "forasacco spuntato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drought-resistant perennial with awns lacking or very short and long creeping rhizomes; Europe and temperate Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess", + "cheat", + "Bromus secalinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy annual native to Europe but widely distributed as a weed especially in wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy brome", + "downy bromegrass", + "downy cheat", + "downy chess", + "cheatgrass", + "drooping brome", + "Bromus tectorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or winter annual grass with softly hairy leaves of the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field brome", + "Bromus arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Bromus arvensis", + "forasacco dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual grass of Europe and temperate Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese brome", + "Japanese chess", + "Bromus japonicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass of Mediterranean and temperate Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bouteloua", + "genus Bouteloua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forage grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grama", + "grama grass", + "gramma", + "gramma grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasture grass of plains of South America and western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue grama", + "Bouteloua gracilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasture grass of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black grama", + "Bouteloua eriopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasture grass (especially of western coastal regions of North America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buchloe", + "genus Buchloe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buffalo grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo grass", + "Buchloe dactyloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short grass growing on dry plains of central United States (where buffalo roam)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calamagrostis", + "genus Calamagrostis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reed grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tall perennial grasses of the genus Calamagrostis having feathery plumes; natives of marshland fens and wet woodlands of temperate northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather reed grass", + "feathertop", + "Calamagrostis acutiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of reed grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian reed grass", + "Calamagrostic quadriseta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Australian reedlike grass sometimes used for hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cenchrus", + "genus Cenchrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae that have burs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgrass", + "bur grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass of the genus Cenchrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbur", + "sandspur", + "field sandbur", + "Cenchrus tribuloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass of the eastern United States and tropical America having spikelets enclosed in prickly burs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffel grass", + "Cenchrus ciliaris", + "Pennisetum cenchroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect tussock-forming perennial bur grass used particularly in South Africa and Australia for pasture and forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chloris", + "genus Chloris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted or perennial or annual grasses having runners: finger grass; windmill grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any grass of the genus Chloris; occurs in short grassland especially on waste ground or poor soils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodes grass", + "Chloris gayana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial grass of South Africa introduced into United States; cultivated as forage grass in dry regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windmill grass", + "creeping windmill grass", + "star grass", + "Chloris truncata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Australian grass having numerous long spikes arranged like the vanes of a windmill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortaderia", + "genus Cortaderia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall ornamental grasses of South America and New Zealand and New Guinea: pampas grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pampas grass", + "Cortaderia selloana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial grass of pampas of South America having silvery plumes and growing in large dense clumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumed tussock", + "toe toe", + "toetoe", + "Cortaderia richardii", + "Arundo richardii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall grass of New Zealand grown for plumelike flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynodon", + "genus Cynodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping perennial grasses of tropical and southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda grass", + "devil grass", + "Bahama grass", + "kweek", + "doob", + "scutch grass", + "star grass", + "Cynodon dactylon" + ], + "it": [ + "Cynodon dactylon", + "gramigna rampicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing grass native to Europe now cosmopolitan in warm regions; used for lawns and pastures especially in southern United States and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant star grass", + "Cynodon plectostachyum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial grass having stems 3 to 4 feet high; used especially in Africa and India for pasture and hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylis", + "genus Dactylis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous grass of the family Gramineae (has only one species)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchard grass", + "cocksfoot", + "cockspur", + "Dactylis glomerata" + ], + "it": [ + "Dactylis glomerata", + "erba-mazzolina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely grown stout Old World hay and pasture grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactyloctenium", + "genus Dactyloctenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Gramineae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian grass", + "crowfoot grass", + "Dactyloctenium aegypticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creeping grass with spikes like fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Digitaria", + "genus Digitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crab grass; finger grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crabgrass", + "crab grass", + "finger grass" + ], + "it": [ + "sanguinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasses with creeping stems that root freely; a pest in lawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth crabgrass", + "Digitaria ischaemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large crabgrass", + "hairy finger grass", + "Digitaria sanguinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Digitaria sanguinalis", + "sanguinella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European forage grass grown for hay; a naturalized weed in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinochloa", + "genus Echinochloa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial succulent grasses of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnyard grass", + "barn grass", + "barn millet", + "Echinochloa crusgalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse annual panic grass; a cosmopolitan weed; occasionally used for hay or grazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese millet", + "billion-dollar grass", + "Japanese barnyard millet", + "sanwa millet", + "Echinochloa frumentacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse annual grass cultivated in Japan and southeastern Asia for its edible seeds and for forage; important wildlife food in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eleusine", + "genus Eleusine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual and perennial grasses of savannas and upland grasslands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardgrass", + "yard grass", + "wire grass", + "goose grass", + "Eleusine indica" + ], + "it": [ + "Eleusine indica", + "gramigna indiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse annual grass having fingerlike spikes of flowers; native to Old World tropics; a naturalized weed elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger millet", + "ragi", + "ragee", + "African millet", + "coracan", + "corakan", + "kurakkan", + "Eleusine coracana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elymus", + "genus Elymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tufted perennial grasses (such as lyme grass or wild rye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyme grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass of the genus Elymus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild rye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several grasses of the genus Elymus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant ryegrass", + "Elymus condensatus", + "Leymus condensatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout perennial grass of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lyme grass", + "European dune grass", + "Elymus arenarius", + "Leymus arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dune grass of the Pacific seacoast used as a sand binder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada wild rye", + "Elymus canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wild rye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medusa's head", + "Elymus caput-medusae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy rye grass having long bristling awns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eragrostis", + "genus Eragrostis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial grasses of tropics and subtropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love grass", + "bay grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses of the genus Eragrostis; specially useful for forage and for the prevention of erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teff", + "teff grass", + "Eragrostis tef", + "Eragrostic abyssinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African grass economically important as a cereal grass (yielding white flour of good quality) as well as for forage and hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeping love grass", + "African love grass", + "Eragrostis curvula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial South African grass having densely clumped flimsy stems; introduced into United States especially for erosion control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erianthus", + "genus Erianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of reedlike grasses having spikes crowded in a panicle covered with long silky hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reedlike grass of the genus Erianthus having large plumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ravenna grass", + "wool grass", + "Erianthus ravennae" + ], + "it": [ + "Erianthus ravennae", + "canna del Po" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass often cultivated for its long white-ribbed leaves and large plumes resembling those of pampas grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Festuca", + "genus Festuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tufted perennial grasses of the family Gramineae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fescue", + "fescue grass", + "meadow fescue", + "Festuca elatior" + ], + "it": [ + "festuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass with wide flat leaves cultivated in Europe and America for permanent pasture and hay and for lawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep fescue", + "sheep's fescue", + "Festuca ovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated for sheep pasturage in upland regions or used as a lawn grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glyceria", + "genus Glyceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manna grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manna grass", + "sweet grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several moisture-loving grasses of the genus Glyceria having sweet flavor or odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed meadow grass", + "Glyceria grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasture grass of moist places throughout North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holcus", + "genus Holcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Old World grasses widely cultivated in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvet grass", + "Yorkshire fog", + "Holcus lanatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Holcus lanatus", + "bambagione pubescente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall European perennial grass having a velvety stem; naturalized in United States and used for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping soft grass", + "Holcus mollis" + ], + "it": [ + "Holcus mollis", + "bambagione aristato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial grass with soft velvety foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hordeum", + "genus Hordeum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual to perennial grasses of temperate northern hemisphere and South America: barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated since prehistoric times; grown for forage and grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common barley", + "Hordeum vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Hordeum vulgare", + "orzo coltivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass yielding grain used for breakfast food and animal feed and in malt beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barleycorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grain of barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barley grass", + "wall barley", + "Hordeum murinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Hordeum murinum", + "orzo selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual grass often found as a weed in waste ground especially along roadsides and hedgerows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirreltail barley", + "foxtail barley", + "squirreltail grass", + "Hordeum jubatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barley grown for its highly ornamental flower heads with delicate long silky awns; North America and northeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little barley", + "Hordeum pusillum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual barley native to western North America and widespread in southern United States and tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leymus", + "genus Leymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus that in some classifications overlaps the genus Elymus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lolium", + "genus Lolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darnel; ryegrass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye grass", + "ryegrass" + ], + "it": [ + "loglio perenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perennial ryegrass", + "English ryegrass", + "Lolium perenne" + ], + "it": [ + "Lolium perenne", + "loglio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial grass widely cultivated for pasture and hay and as a lawn grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian ryegrass", + "Italian rye", + "Lolium multiflorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Lolium multiflorum", + "loglio maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European grass much used for hay and in United States also for turf and green manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darnel", + "tare", + "bearded darnel", + "cheat", + "Lolium temulentum" + ], + "it": [ + "Lolium temulentum", + "loglio inebriante", + "zizzania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muhlenbergia", + "genus Muhlenbergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae grown in America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nimblewill", + "nimble Will", + "Muhlenbergia schreberi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender branching American grass of some value for grazing in central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oryza", + "genus Oryza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice" + ], + "it": [ + "riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivated rice", + "Oryza sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Oryza sativa", + "riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yields the staple food of 50 percent of world's population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oryzopsis", + "genus Oryzopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricegrass", + "rice grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any grass of the genus Oryzopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain rice", + "silkgrass", + "silk grass", + "Indian millet", + "Oryzopsis hymenoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable forage grass of dry upland areas and plains of western North America to northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smilo", + "smilo grass", + "Oryzopsis miliacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial mountain rice native to Mediterranean region and introduced into North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panicum", + "genus Panicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "panic grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any grass of the genus Panicum; grown for grain and fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witchgrass", + "witch grass", + "old witchgrass", + "old witch grass", + "tumble grass", + "Panicum capillare" + ], + "it": [ + "Panicum capillare", + "panico capillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American grass with slender brushy panicles; often a weed on cultivated land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch grass", + "Panicum virgatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass of western America used for hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broomcorn millet", + "hog millet", + "Panicum miliaceum" + ], + "it": [ + "Panicum miliaceum", + "panico coltivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extensively cultivated in Europe and Asia for its grain and in United States sometimes for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose grass", + "Texas millet", + "Panicum Texanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual weedy grass used for hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Paspalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of perennial grasses of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dallisgrass", + "dallis grass", + "paspalum", + "Paspalum dilatatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tufted perennial tropical American grass naturalized as pasture and forage grass in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahia grass", + "Paspalum notatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial tropical American grass used as pasture grass in arid areas of the Gulf States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knotgrass", + "Paspalum distichum" + ], + "it": [ + "centinodia", + "coreggiola", + "correggiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing weedy grass with spikelets along the leaf stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennisetum", + "genus Pennisetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Old World grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl millet", + "bulrush millet", + "cattail millet", + "Pennisetum glaucum", + "Pennisetum Americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall grass having cattail like spikes; grown in Africa and Asia for its grain and in the United States chiefly for forage; sometimes used in making beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountain grass", + "Pennisetum ruppelii", + "Pennisetum setaceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial ornamental grass with long nodding flower plumes of tropical Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feathertop", + "feathertop grass", + "Pennistum villosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northeastern tropical African plant having feathery panicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalaris", + "genus Phalaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of grasses with broad leaves and a dense spike of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed canary grass", + "gardener's garters", + "lady's laces", + "ribbon grass", + "Phalaris arundinacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial grass of marshy meadows and ditches having broad leaves; Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canary grass", + "birdseed grass", + "Phalaris canariensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Phalaris canariensis", + "scagliola", + "scagliola comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canary Islands grass; seeds used as feed for caged birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardinggrass", + "Harding grass", + "toowomba canary grass", + "Phalaris aquatica", + "Phalaris tuberosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phleum", + "genus Phleum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasses native to temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timothy", + "herd's grass", + "Phleum pratense" + ], + "it": [ + "Phleum pratense", + "codolina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass with long cylindrical spikes grown in northern United States and Europe for hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phragmites", + "genus Phragmites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reeds of marshes and riversides in tropical or temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch reed", + "common reed", + "carrizo", + "Phragmites communis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall North American reed having relative wide leaves and large plumelike panicles; widely distributed in moist areas; used for mats, screens and arrow shafts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poa", + "genus Poa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly perennial grasses of cool temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluegrass", + "blue grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses of the genus Poa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadowgrass", + "meadow grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various grasses that thrive in the presence of abundant moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky bluegrass", + "Kentucky blue", + "Kentucy blue grass", + "June grass", + "Poa pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Poa pratensis", + "fienarola dei prati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable meadow and pasture grass in Europe and especially central United States having tall stalks and slender bright green leaves; a chief constituent in lawn grass mixtures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood meadowgrass", + "Poa nemoralis", + "Agrostis alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Poa nemoralis", + "fienarola dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender European grass of shady places; grown also in northeastern America and temperate Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saccharum", + "genus Saccharum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial reedlike grass originally of southeastern Asia: sugarcane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarcane", + "sugar cane", + "Saccharum officinarum" + ], + "it": [ + "canna da zucchero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarcane", + "sugar cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "juicy canes whose sap is a source of molasses and commercial sugar; fresh canes are sometimes chewed for the juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noble cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugarcanes representing the highest development of the species; characterized by large juicy stalks with soft rinds and high sugar content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munj", + "munja", + "Saccharum bengalense", + "Saccharum munja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough Asiatic grass whose culms are used for ropes and baskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizachyrium", + "genus Schizachyrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overlaps the genus Andropogon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom beard grass", + "prairie grass", + "wire grass", + "Andropogon scoparius", + "Schizachyrium scoparium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome hardy North American grass with foliage turning pale bronze in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluestem", + "blue stem", + "Andropogon furcatus", + "Andropogon gerardii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall grass with smooth bluish leaf sheaths grown for hay in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secale", + "genus Secale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cereal grass widely cultivated for its grain: rye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye", + "Secale cereale" + ], + "it": [ + "Secale cereale", + "grano germano", + "segala", + "ségale comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy annual cereal grass widely cultivated in northern Europe where its grain is the chief ingredient of black bread and in North America for forage and soil improvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Setaria", + "genus Setaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial grasses of warm regions: bristlegrasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristlegrass", + "bristle grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasses of grasslands and woodlands having large gracefully arching spikes with long bristles beneath each spikelet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant foxtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two species of coarse annual foxtails that are naturalized weeds in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow bristlegrass", + "yellow bristle grass", + "yellow foxtail", + "glaucous bristlegrass", + "Setaria glauca" + ], + "it": [ + "Setaria glauca", + "pabbio rossastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common weedy and bristly grass found in nearly all temperate areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green bristlegrass", + "green foxtail", + "rough bristlegrass", + "bottle-grass", + "bottle grass", + "Setaria viridis" + ], + "it": [ + "Setaria viridis", + "pabbio comune", + "panico falso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European foxtail naturalized in North America; often a troublesome weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxtail millet", + "Italian millet", + "Hungarian grass", + "Setaria italica" + ], + "it": [ + "Setaria italica", + "pabbio coltivato", + "panico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse drought-resistant annual grass grown for grain, hay, and forage in Europe and Asia and chiefly for forage and hay in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian millet", + "Setaria italica rubrofructa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "millet having orange to reddish grains in long bristly spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German millet", + "golden wonder millet", + "Setaria italica stramineofructa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "millet having yellow grains in large drooping spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millet" + ], + "it": [ + "miglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small-grained annual cereal and forage grasses of the genera Panicum, Echinochloa, Setaria, Sorghum, and Eleusine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong slender often flexible stem as of bamboos, reeds, rattans, or sugar cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattan", + "rattan cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stem of various climbing palms of the genus Calamus and related genera used to make wickerwork and furniture and canes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stem of the rattan palm used for making canes and umbrella handles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed" + ], + "it": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sorghum", + "Sorghum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial tropical and subtropical cereal grasses: sorghum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorghum" + ], + "it": [ + "saggina", + "sorgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "economically important Old World tropical cereal grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great millet", + "kaffir", + "kafir corn", + "kaffir corn", + "Sorghum bicolor" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorghum bicolor", + "elica", + "saggina", + "sorgo coltivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important for human and animal food; growth habit and stem form similar to Indian corn but having sawtooth-edged leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain sorghum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several sorghums cultivated primarily for grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durra", + "doura", + "dourah", + "Egyptian corn", + "Indian millet", + "Guinea corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorghums of dry regions of Asia and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feterita", + "federita", + "Sorghum vulgare caudatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Sudanese sorghum having exceptionally large soft white grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hegari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sudanese sorghums having white seeds; one variety grown in southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaoliang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorghums of China and Manchuria having small white or brown grains (used for food) and dry pithy stalks (used for fodder, fuel and thatching)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milo", + "milo maize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small drought-resistant sorghums having large yellow or whitish grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallu", + "Sorghum vulgare rosburghii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorghum having slender dry stalks and small hard grains; introduced into United States from India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorgo", + "sorgho", + "sweet sorghum", + "sugar sorghum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several sorghums cultivated as a source of syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnson grass", + "Aleppo grass", + "means grass", + "evergreen millet", + "Sorghum halepense" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorghum halepense", + "sagginella", + "sorghetto", + "sorgo selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial grass that spreads by creeping rhizomes and is grown for fodder; naturalized in southern United States where it is a serious pest on cultivated land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broomcorn", + "Sorghum vulgare technicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall grasses grown for the elongated stiff-branched panicle used for brooms and brushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spartina", + "genus Spartina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass of freshwater swamps and salt marshes of Europe, Africa, America, and South Atlantic islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordgrass", + "cord grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several perennial grasses of the genus Spartina; some important as coastal soil binders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt reed grass", + "Spartina cynosuroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall reedlike grass common in salt meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie cordgrass", + "freshwater cordgrass", + "slough grass", + "Spartina pectinmata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American cordgrass having leaves with dry membranous margins and glumes with long awns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sporobolus", + "genus Sporobolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan annual and perennial grasses (as dropseed or rush grass)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropseed", + "drop-seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass of the genus Sporobolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut grass", + "blackseed", + "carpet grass", + "Sporobolus poiretii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass native to West Indies but common in southern United States having tufted wiry stems often infested with a dark fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand dropseed", + "Sporobolus cryptandrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect smooth grass of sandy places in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush grass", + "rush-grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass having wiry stems and sheathed panicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenotaphrum", + "genus Stenotaphrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawn grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Augustine grass", + "Stenotaphrum secundatum", + "buffalo grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low mat-forming grass of southern United States and tropical America; grown as a lawn grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cereal grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cereal", + "cereal grass" + ], + "it": [ + "cereale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass whose starchy grains are used as food: wheat; rice; rye; oats; maize; buckwheat; millet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triticum", + "genus Triticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual cereal grasses from Mediterranean area; widely cultivated in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat" + ], + "it": [ + "formento", + "frumento", + "grano", + "messe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat berry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grain of wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durum", + "durum wheat", + "hard wheat", + "Triticum durum", + "Triticum turgidum", + "macaroni wheat" + ], + "it": [ + "Triticum durum", + "Triticum turgidum", + "grano duro", + "grano grosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheat with hard dark-colored kernels high in gluten and used for bread and pasta; grown especially in southern Russia, North Africa, and northern central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft wheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheat with soft starch kernels used in pastry and breakfast cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wheat", + "Triticum aestivum" + ], + "it": [ + "Triticum aestivum", + "grano tenero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated in temperate regions in many varieties for its commercially important grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spelt", + "Triticum spelta", + "Triticum aestivum spelta" + ], + "it": [ + "Triticum spelta", + "farro", + "scandela", + "spelta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy wheat grown mostly in Europe for livestock feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emmer", + "starch wheat", + "two-grain spelt", + "Triticum dicoccum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard red wheat grown especially in Russia and Germany; in United States as stock feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild wheat", + "wild emmer", + "Triticum dicoccum dicoccoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found wild in Palestine; held to be prototype of cultivated wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zea", + "genus Zea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn", + "maize", + "Indian corn", + "Zea mays" + ], + "it": [ + "Zea mays", + "formentone", + "granoturco", + "granturco", + "mais", + "messe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Great Britain) any of various cereal plants (especially the dominant crop of the region--wheat in Great Britain or oats in Scotland and Ireland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mealie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ear of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn grown primarily for animal feed or market grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ], + "it": [ + "granaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried grains or kernels or corn used as animal feed or ground for meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet corn", + "sugar corn", + "green corn", + "sweet corn plant", + "Zea mays rugosa", + "Zea saccharata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corn plant developed in order to have young ears that are sweet and suitable for eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dent corn", + "Zea mays indentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn whose kernels contain both hard and soft starch and become indented at maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flint corn", + "flint maize", + "Yankee corn", + "Zea mays indurata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn having kernels with a hard outer layer enclosing the soft endosperm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft corn", + "flour corn", + "squaw corn", + "Zea mays amylacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn having kernels almost entirely of soft starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popcorn", + "Zea mays everta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn having small ears and kernels that burst when exposed to dry heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornsilk", + "corn silk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of the long filamentous styles that grow as a silky tuft at the tip of an ear of Indian corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zizania", + "genus Zizania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild rice", + "Zizania aquatica" + ], + "it": [ + "riso selvatico", + "Zizania aquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial aquatic grass of North America bearing grain used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Zoysia", + "Zoisia", + "genus Zoisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawn grasses native to southeastern Asia and New Zealand; grown especially in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several creeping grasses of the genus Zoysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manila grass", + "Japanese carpet grass", + "Zoysia matrella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawn grass common in the Philippines; grown also in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean lawn grass", + "Japanese lawn grass", + "Zoysia japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawn grass common in China and Japan; grown also in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mascarene grass", + "Korean velvet grass", + "Zoysia tenuifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic creeping perennial grass; introduced in southern United States as a drought-resistant lawn grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bambuseae", + "tribe Bambuseae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bamboos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo" + ], + "it": [ + "bambù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo" + ], + "it": [ + "bambù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard woody stems of bamboo plants; used in construction and crafts and fishing poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bambusa", + "genus Bambusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tender clumping bamboos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common bamboo", + "Bambusa vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely vigorous bamboo having thin-walled culms striped green and yellow; so widely cultivated that native area is uncertain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arundinaria", + "genus Arundinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bamboo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant cane", + "cane reed", + "Arundinaria gigantea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall grass of southern United States growing in thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small cane", + "switch cane", + "Arundinaria tecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cane of watery or moist areas in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendrocalamus", + "genus Dendrocalamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant clump-forming bamboos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant bamboo", + "kyo-chiku", + "Dendrocalamus giganteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immense tropical southeast Asian bamboo with tough hollow culms that resemble tree trunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllostachys", + "genus Phyllostachys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium and large bamboos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishpole bamboo", + "gosan-chiku", + "hotei-chiku", + "Phyllostachys aurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bamboo of southeastern China having slender culms flexuous when young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bamboo", + "kuri-chiku", + "Phyllostachys nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bamboo having thin green culms turning shining black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant timber bamboo", + "madake", + "ku-chiku", + "Phyllostachys bambusoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bamboo having thick-walled culms; native of China and perhaps Japan; widely grown elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i100999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyperaceae", + "family Cyperaceae", + "sedge family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulrush; chufa; cotton grass; papyrus; umbrella plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasslike or rushlike plant growing in wet places having solid stems, narrow grasslike leaves and spikelets of inconspicuous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyperus", + "genus Cyperus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Cyperaceae; grasslike rhizomatous herbs; cosmopolitan except very cold regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella plant", + "umbrella sedge", + "Cyperus alternifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African sedge widely cultivated as an ornamental water plant for its terminal umbrellalike cluster of slender grasslike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chufa", + "yellow nutgrass", + "earth almond", + "ground almond", + "rush nut", + "Cyperus esculentus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cyperus esculentus", + "zigolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European sedge having small edible nutlike tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galingale", + "galangal", + "Cyperus longus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cyperus longus", + "quadrelli", + "zigolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European sedge having rough-edged leaves and spikelets of reddish flowers and aromatic roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papyrus", + "Egyptian paper reed", + "Egyptian paper rush", + "paper rush", + "paper plant", + "Cyperus papyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall sedge of the Nile valley yielding fiber that served many purposes in historic times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutgrass", + "nut grass", + "nutsedge", + "nut sedge", + "Cyperus rotundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed perennial sedge having small edible nutlike tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carex", + "genus Carex" + ], + "it": [ + "carice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of plants found in damp woodlands and bogs and ditches or at water margins: sedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand sedge", + "sand reed", + "Carex arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European maritime sedge naturalized along Atlantic coast of United States; rootstock has properties of sarsaparilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress sedge", + "Carex pseudocyperus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted sedge of temperate regions; nearly cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriophorum", + "genus Eriophorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton grass", + "cotton rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sedge of the genus Eriophorum; north temperate bog plants with tufted spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common cotton grass", + "Eriophorum angustifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Eriophorum angustifolium", + "pennacchi a foglie strette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having densely tufted white cottony or downlike glumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scirpus", + "genus Scirpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous perennial grasslike herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardstem bulrush", + "hardstemmed bulrush", + "Scirpus acutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed North American sedge having rigid olive green stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool grass", + "Scirpus cyperinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sedge of eastern North America having numerous clustered woolly spikelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eleocharis", + "genus Eleocharis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sedges having dense spikes of flowers and leaves reduced to basal sheaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedge of the genus Eleocharis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chestnut", + "Chinese water chestnut", + "Eleocharis dulcis" + ], + "it": [ + "Eleocharis dulcis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese sedge yielding edible bulb-shaped tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle spike rush", + "needle rush", + "slender spike rush", + "hair grass", + "Eleocharis acicularis" + ], + "it": [ + "Eleocharis acicularis", + "giunchina aghiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine-leaved aquatic spike rush; popular as aerator for aquariums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping spike rush", + "Eleocharis palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Eleocharis palustris", + "giunchina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylindrical-stemmed sedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandanales", + "order Pandanales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "families Typhaceae; Sparganiaceae; Pandanaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandanaceae", + "family Pandanaceae", + "screw-pine family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of woody plants of the order Pandanales including pandanus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pandanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pandanaceae (as screw pines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pandanus", + "screw pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World tropical palmlike trees having huge prop roots and edible conelike fruits and leaves like pineapple leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "textile screw pine", + "lauhala", + "Pandanus tectorius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polynesian screw pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pandanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber from leaves of the pandanus tree; used for woven articles (such as mats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Typhaceae", + "family Typhaceae", + "cattail family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial marsh plants with creeping rootstocks and long linear leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Typha", + "genus Typha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reed maces; cattails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall erect herbs with sword-shaped leaves; cosmopolitan in fresh and salt marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's-tail", + "bullrush", + "bulrush", + "nailrod", + "reed mace", + "reedmace", + "Typha latifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Typha latifolia", + "lisca a foglie larghe", + "mazzasorda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall marsh plant with cylindrical seed heads that explode when mature shedding large quantities of down; its long flat leaves are used for making mats and chair seats; of North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser bullrush", + "narrow-leaf cattail", + "narrow-leaved reedmace", + "soft flag", + "Typha angustifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Typha angustifolia", + "lisca a foglie strette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reed maces of America, Europe, North Africa, Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparganiaceae", + "family Sparganiaceae", + "bur-reed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Sparganium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparganium", + "genus Sparganium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Sparganiaceae; marsh or aquatic herbs of temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain", + "caryopsis" + ], + "it": [ + "chicco", + "granello", + "grano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry seed-like fruit produced by the cereal grasses: e.g. wheat, barley, Indian corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kernel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single whole grain of a cereal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye" + ], + "it": [ + "segale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed of the cereal grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cucurbitaceae", + "family Cucurbitaceae", + "gourd family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of herbaceous vines (such as cucumber or melon or squash or pumpkin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cucurbit" + ], + "it": [ + "cucurbita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the family Cucurbitaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gourd", + "gourd vine" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any vine of the family Cucurbitaceae that bears fruits with hard rinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gourd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous inedible fruits with hard rinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cucurbita", + "genus Cucurbita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cucurbitaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkin", + "pumpkin vine", + "autumn pumpkin", + "Cucurbita pepo" + ], + "it": [ + "Cucurbita pepo", + "cocuzza", + "cucurbita", + "cucuzza", + "zucca", + "zucchette", + "zucchini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse vine widely cultivated for its large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash", + "squash vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous annual trailing plants of the genus Cucurbita grown for their fleshy edible fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer squash", + "summer squash vine", + "Cucurbita pepo melopepo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually bushy plants producing fruit that is eaten while immature and before the rind or seeds harden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various squash plants grown for their yellow fruits with somewhat elongated necks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrow", + "marrow squash", + "vegetable marrow" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various squash plants grown for their elongated fruit with smooth dark green skin and whitish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zucchini", + "courgette" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marrow squash plant whose fruit are eaten when small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocozelle", + "Italian vegetable marrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash plant having dark green fruit with skin mottled with light green or yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymling", + "pattypan squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash plant having flattened round fruit with a scalloped edge; usually greenish white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash plant bearing oval fruit with smooth yellowish skin and tender stranded flesh resembling spaghetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter squash", + "winter squash plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the species Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata producing squashes that have hard rinds and mature in the fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorn squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash plant bearing small acorn-shaped fruits having yellow flesh and dark green or yellow rind with longitudinal ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hubbard squash", + "Cucurbita maxima" + ], + "it": [ + "Cucurbita maxima", + "zucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several winter squash plants producing large greyish-green football-shaped fruit with a rough warty rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turban squash", + "Cucurbita maxima turbaniformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash plants bearing hard-shelled fruit shaped somewhat like a turban with a rounded central portion protruding from the end opposite the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttercup squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing somewhat drum-shaped fruit having dark green rind with greyish markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butternut squash", + "Cucurbita maxima" + ], + "it": [ + "Cucurbita maxima", + "zucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing buff-colored squash having somewhat bottle-shaped fruit with fine-textured edible flesh and a smooth thin rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter crookneck", + "winter crookneck squash", + "Cucurbita moschata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants bearing squash having hard rinds and elongated recurved necks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushaw", + "Cucurbita mixta", + "Cucurbita argyrosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing squash having globose to ovoid fruit with variously striped grey and green and white warty rinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie gourd", + "prairie gourd vine", + "Missouri gourd", + "wild pumpkin", + "buffalo gourd", + "calabazilla", + "Cucurbita foetidissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial vine of dry parts of central and southwestern United States and Mexico having small hard mottled green inedible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie gourd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hard green-and-white inedible fruit of the prairie gourd plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bryonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing perennial herbs: bryony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bryony", + "briony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vine of the genus Bryonia having large leaves and small flowers and yielding acrid juice with emetic and purgative properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white bryony", + "devil's turnip", + "Bryonia alba" + ], + "it": [ + "barbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered vine having thick roots and bearing small black berries; Europe to Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red bryony", + "wild hop", + "Bryonia dioica" + ], + "it": [ + "Bryonia dioica", + "brionia", + "brionia bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bryony having fleshy roots pale green flowers and very small red berries; Europe; North Africa; western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citrullus", + "genus Citrullus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicot genus of the family Cucurbitaceae including watermelons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melon", + "melon vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fruit of cucurbitaceous vines including: muskmelons; watermelons; cantaloupes; cucumbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watermelon", + "watermelon vine", + "Citrullus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "anguria", + "cocomero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African melon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cucumis", + "genus Cucumis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cucumbers; muskmelons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet melon", + "muskmelon", + "sweet melon vine", + "Cucumis melo" + ], + "it": [ + "Cucumis melo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several varieties of vine whose fruit has a netted rind and edible flesh and a musky smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantaloupe", + "cantaloup", + "cantaloupe vine", + "cantaloup vine", + "Cucumis melo cantalupensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of muskmelon vine having fruit with a tan rind and orange flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter melon", + "Persian melon", + "honeydew melon", + "winter melon vine", + "Cucumis melo inodorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of muskmelon vines having fruit with a smooth white rind and white or greenish flesh that does not have a musky smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net melon", + "netted melon", + "nutmeg melon", + "Cucumis melo reticulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muskmelon vine with fruit that has a thin reticulated rind and sweet green flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cucumber", + "cucumber vine", + "Cucumis sativus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cucumis sativus", + "cetriolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melon vine of the genus Cucumis; cultivated from earliest times for its cylindrical green fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ecballium", + "genus Ecballium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploding cucumber; squirting cucumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirting cucumber", + "exploding cucumber", + "touch-me-not", + "Ecballium elaterium" + ], + "it": [ + "Ecballium elaterium", + "cocomero asinino", + "elaterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean vine having oblong fruit that when ripe expels its seeds and juice violently when touched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagenaria", + "genus Lagenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottle gourds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle gourd", + "calabash", + "Lagenaria siceraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World climbing plant with hard-shelled bottle-shaped gourds as fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Luffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dishcloth gourds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luffa", + "dishcloth gourd", + "sponge gourd", + "rag gourd", + "strainer vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical annual climbers having large yellow flowers and edible young fruits; grown commercially for the mature fruit's dried fibrous interior that is used as a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loofah", + "vegetable sponge", + "Luffa cylindrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loofah climber that has cylindrical fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angled loofah", + "sing-kwa", + "Luffa acutangula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loofah of Pakistan; widely cultivated throughout tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loofa", + "loofah", + "luffa", + "loufah sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried fibrous part of the fruit of a plant of the genus Luffa; used as a washing sponge or strainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Momordica", + "genus Momordica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam apple", + "Momordica balsamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical Old World flowering vine with red or orange warty fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam pear", + "Momordica charantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World vine with yellow-orange fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodeniaceae", + "family Goodeniaceae", + "Goodenia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of sappy plants that grow in Australasia and southeast China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of shrubs and herbs that grow in Australia and New Guinea and Malaysia and southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobeliaceae", + "family Lobeliaceae", + "lobelia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not recognized in all classification systems; in some classifications lobeliaceous plants are included in family Campanulaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lobelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family Lobeliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobelia" + ], + "it": [ + "lobelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal flower", + "Indian pink", + "Lobelia cardinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American lobelia having brilliant red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian tobacco", + "bladderpod", + "Lobelia inflata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water lobelia", + "Lobelia dortmanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great lobelia", + "blue cardinal flower", + "Lobelia siphilitica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malvales", + "order Malvales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malvaceae; Bombacaceae; Elaeocarpaceae; Sterculiaceae; Tiliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malvaceae", + "family Malvaceae", + "mallow family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and shrubs and some trees: mallows; cotton; okra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malva", + "genus Malva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and subshrubs: mallows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallow" + ], + "it": [ + "malva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Malvaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk mallow", + "mus rose", + "Malva moschata" + ], + "it": [ + "Malva moschata", + "malva moscata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect Old World perennial with faintly musk-scented foliage and white or pink flowers; adventive in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common mallow", + "Malva neglecta" + ], + "it": [ + "Malva neglecta", + "malva", + "malva domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual Old World plant with clusters of pink or white flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall mallow", + "high mallow", + "cheese", + "cheeseflower", + "Malva sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Malva sylvestris", + "malva", + "malva selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or decumbent Old World perennial with axillary clusters of rosy-purple flowers; introduced in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abelmoschus", + "genus Abelmoschus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical coarse herbs having large lobed leaves and often yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "okra", + "gumbo", + "okra plant", + "lady's-finger", + "Abelmoschus esculentus", + "Hibiscus esculentus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "okra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long green edible beaked pods of the okra plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abelmosk", + "musk mallow", + "Abelmoschus moschatus", + "Hibiscus moschatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy herb of tropical Asia grown for its yellow or pink to scarlet blooms that resemble the hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abutilon", + "genus Abutilon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs or shrubs or small trees: flowering maple; Indian mallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering maple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental plant of the genus Abutilon having leaves that resemble maple leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvetleaf", + "velvet-leaf", + "velvetweed", + "Indian mallow", + "butter-print", + "China jute", + "Abutilon theophrasti" + ], + "it": [ + "Abutilon theophrasti", + "cencio molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall annual herb or subshrub of tropical Asia having velvety leaves and yellow flowers and yielding a strong fiber; naturalized in southeastern Europe and United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcea", + "genus Alcea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of erect herbs of the Middle East having showy flowers: hollyhocks; in some classification systems synonymous with genus Althaea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollyhock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tall plants of the genus Alcea; native to the Middle East but widely naturalized and cultivated for its very large variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose mallow", + "Alcea rosea", + "Althea rosea" + ], + "it": [ + "Alcea rosea", + "malvarosa", + "malvone roseo", + "rosone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with terminal racemes of showy white to pink or purple flowers; the English cottage garden hollyhock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Althaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollyhocks; in some classification systems synonymous with genus Alcea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "althea", + "althaea", + "hollyhock" + ], + "it": [ + "altea", + "malvarosa", + "malvone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Althaea; similar to but having smaller flowers than genus Alcea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh mallow", + "white mallow", + "Althea officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial plant naturalized in United States having triangular ovate leaves and lilac-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callirhoe", + "genus Callirhoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs having usually red or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poppy mallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Callirhoe having palmately cleft leaves and white to red or purple flowers borne throughout the summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed poppy mallow", + "Callirhoe digitata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial poppy mallow of United States southern plains states having rose-red or rose-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple poppy mallow", + "Callirhoe involucrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy perennial of central United States having round deeply lobed leaves and loose panicles of large crimson-purple or cherry-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clustered poppy mallow", + "Callirhoe triangulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely hairy perennial having mostly triangular basal leaves and rose-purple flowers in panicled clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gossypium", + "genus Gossypium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and shrubs and small trees: cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton", + "cotton plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect bushy mallow plant or small tree bearing bolls containing seeds with many long hairy fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree cotton", + "Gossypium arboreum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian shrub cultivated especially for ornament for its pale yellow to deep purple blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea island cotton", + "tree cotton", + "Gossypium barbadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bushy tree grown on islands of the Caribbean and off the Atlantic coast of the southern United States; yields cotton with unusually long silky fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levant cotton", + "Gossypium herbaceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World annual having heart-shaped leaves and large seeds with short greyish lint removed with difficulty; considered an ancestor of modern short-staple cottons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upland cotton", + "Gossypium hirsutum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native tropical American plant now cultivated in the United States yielding short-staple cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian cotton", + "Gossypium peruvianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton with long rough hairy fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine somewhat brownish long-staple cotton grown in Egypt; believed to be derived from sea island cotton or by hybridization with Peruvian cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild cotton", + "Arizona wild cotton", + "Gossypium thurberi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of southern Arizona and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hibiscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees often grown as ornamentals for their profusion of large flowers in a variety of colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibiscus" + ], + "it": [ + "ibisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kenaf", + "kanaf", + "deccan hemp", + "bimli", + "bimli hemp", + "Indian hemp", + "Bombay hemp", + "Hibiscus cannabinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable fiber plant of East Indies now widespread in cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kenaf", + "deccan hemp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber from an East Indian plant Hibiscus cannabinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban bast", + "blue mahoe", + "mahoe", + "majagua", + "mahagua", + "Hibiscus elatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect forest tree of Cuba and Jamaica having variably hairy leaves and orange-yellow or orange-red flowers; yields a moderately dense timber for cabinetwork and gunstocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrel tree", + "Hibiscus heterophyllus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree with acid foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose mallow", + "swamp mallow", + "common rose mallow", + "swamp rose mallow", + "Hibiscus moscheutos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy shrub of salt marshes of the eastern United States having large rose-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton rose", + "Confederate rose", + "Confederate rose mallow", + "Hibiscus mutabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese shrub or small tree having white or pink flowers becoming deep red at night; widely cultivated; naturalized in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "China rose", + "Chinese hibiscus", + "Rose of China", + "shoeblack plant", + "shoe black", + "Hibiscus rosa-sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large showy Asiatic shrub or small tree having large single or double red to deep-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roselle", + "rozelle", + "sorrel", + "red sorrel", + "Jamaica sorrel", + "Hibiscus sabdariffa" + ], + "it": [ + "carcadè", + "karkadè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian sparsely prickly annual herb or perennial subshrub widely cultivated for its fleshy calyxes used in tarts and jelly and for its bast fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose of Sharon", + "Hibiscus syriacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic shrub or small shrubby tree having showy bell-shaped rose or purple or white flowers and usually three-lobed leaves; widely cultivated in temperate North America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahoe", + "majagua", + "mahagua", + "balibago", + "purau", + "Hibiscus tiliaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree widely distributed along tropical shores; yields a light tough wood used for canoe outriggers and a fiber used for cordage and caulk; often cultivated for ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower-of-an-hour", + "flowers-of-an-hour", + "bladder ketmia", + "black-eyed Susan", + "Hibiscus trionum" + ], + "it": [ + "Hibiscus trionum", + "ibisco vescicoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual weedy herb with ephemeral yellow purple-eyed flowers; Old World tropics; naturalized as a weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoheria", + "genus Hoheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs and small trees of New Zealand: lacebarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacebark", + "ribbonwood", + "houhere", + "Hoheria populnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree or shrub of New Zealand having a profusion of axillary clusters of honey-scented paper-white flowers and whose bark is used for cordage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iliamna", + "genus Iliamna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs or subshrubs; some often placed in other genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild hollyhock", + "Iliamna remota", + "Sphaeralcea remota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare mallow found only in Illinois resembling the common hollyhock and having pale rose-mauve flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sphaeralcea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain hollyhock", + "Iliamna ruvularis", + "Iliamna acerifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of northwestern United States and western Canada resembling a hollyhock and having white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kosteletzya", + "genus Kosteletzya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of southeastern United States and tropical America and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seashore mallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Kosteletzya predominantly of coastal habitats; grown for their flowers that resemble hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt marsh mallow", + "Kosteletzya virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subshrub of southeastern United States to New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lavatera", + "genus Lavatera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread genus of herbs or softwood arborescent shrubs cultivated for their showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree mallow", + "velvetleaf", + "velvet-leaf", + "Lavatera arborea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arborescent perennial shrub having palmately lobed furry leaves and showy red-purple flowers; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malacothamnus", + "genus Malacothamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs or small trees: chaparral mallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaparral mallow", + "Malacothamnus fasciculatus", + "Sphaeralcea fasciculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of coastal ranges of California and Baja California having hairy branches and spikes of numerous mauve flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sphaeralcea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Malope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly European herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malope", + "Malope trifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western Mediterranean annual having deep purple-red flowers subtended by 3 large cordate bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malvastrum", + "genus Malvastrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mallows characterized by red and yellow flowers often placed in other genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false mallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American plant of the genus Malvastrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malvaviscus", + "genus Malvaviscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs of Central and South America: wax mallows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxmallow", + "wax mallow", + "sleeping hibiscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Malvaviscus having brilliant bell-shaped drooping flowers like incompletely opened hibiscus flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napaea", + "genus Napaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: glade mallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glade mallow", + "Napaea dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall coarse American herb having palmate leaves and numerous small white dioecious flowers; found wild in most alluvial soils of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pavonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical hairy shrubs or herbs of tropics and subtropics especially South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various evergreen plants of the genus Pavonia having white or yellow or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plagianthus", + "genus Plagianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs and trees of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon tree", + "ribbonwood", + "Plagianthus regius", + "Plagianthus betulinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous New Zealand tree whose inner bark yields a strong fiber that resembles flax and is called New Zealand cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fiber from the bast of New Zealand ribbon trees that resembles cotton fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Radyera", + "genus Radyera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small genus of shrubs of southern hemisphere: bush hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush hibiscus", + "Radyera farragei", + "Hibiscus farragei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern and western Australian shrub with unlobed or shallowly lobed toothed leaves and purple flowers; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sida", + "genus Sida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical subshrubs or herbs some of which yield fibers of mucilaginous substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia mallow", + "Sida hermaphrodita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall handsome perennial herb of southeastern United States having maplelike leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensland hemp", + "jellyleaf", + "Sida rhombifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb widely distributed in tropics and subtropics used for forage and medicinally as a demulcent and having a fine soft bast stronger than jute; sometimes an aggressive weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian mallow", + "Sida spinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American weed having pale yellow or orange flowers naturalized in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sidalcea", + "genus Sidalcea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of showy plants of western North America having palmate leaves and variously colored racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkerbloom", + "wild hollyhock", + "Sidalcea malviflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial purple-flowered wild mallow of western North America that is also cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaeralcea", + "genus Sphaeralcea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of chiefly tropical herbs with showy flowers and mostly globose fruits: globe mallows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe mallow", + "false mallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs of arid North and South America having pink or scarlet flowers and globose fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie mallow", + "red false mallow", + "Sphaeralcea coccinea", + "Malvastrum coccineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false mallow of western United States having racemose red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Malvastrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thespesia", + "genus Thespesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small genus of tropical trees including the portia tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulipwood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees yielding variously colored woods similar to true tulipwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulipwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the variegated or showily striped ornamental wood of various tulipwood trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portia tree", + "bendy tree", + "seaside mahoe", + "Thespesia populnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical tree of usually seacoasts sometimes cultivated as an ornamental for its rounded heart-shaped leaves and showy yellow and purple flowers; yields valuable pink to dark red close-grained wood and oil from its seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombacaceae", + "family Bombacaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees with large dry or fleshy fruit containing usually woolly seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombax", + "genus Bombax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees of chiefly South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red silk-cotton tree", + "simal", + "Bombax ceiba", + "Bombax malabarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian silk cotton tree yielding fibers inferior to kapok" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adansonia", + "genus Adansonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baobab; cream-of-tartar tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream-of-tartar tree", + "sour gourd", + "Adansonia gregorii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree having an agreeably acid fruit that resembles a gourd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baobab", + "monkey-bread tree", + "Adansonia digitata" + ], + "it": [ + "baobab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree having an exceedingly thick trunk and fruit that resembles a gourd and has an edible pulp called monkey bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceiba", + "genus Ceiba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees with palmately compound leaves and showy bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kapok", + "ceiba tree", + "silk-cotton tree", + "white silk-cotton tree", + "Bombay ceiba", + "God tree", + "Ceiba pentandra" + ], + "it": [ + "capoc", + "kapoc", + "kapok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive tropical tree with deep ridges on its massive trunk and bearing large pods of seeds covered with silky floss; source of the silky kapok fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durio", + "genus Durio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tall Asian trees of the family Bombacaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durian", + "durion", + "durian tree", + "Durio zibethinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of southeastern Asia having edible oval fruit with a hard spiny rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Montezuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: medium-sized evergreen tree of Puerto Rico or Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montezuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree with large leathery leaves and large pink to orange flowers; considered a link plant between families Bombacaceae and Sterculiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochroma", + "genus Ochroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: balsa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsa", + "Ochroma lagopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forest tree of lowland Central America having a strong very light wood; used for making floats and rafts and in crafts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsa", + "balsa wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong lightweight wood of the balsa tree used especially for floats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudobombax", + "genus Pseudobombax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American deciduous shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaving-brush tree", + "Pseudobombax ellipticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of Mexico to Guatemala having densely hairy flowers with long narrow petals clustered at ends of branches before leaves appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaeocarpaceae", + "family Elaeocarpaceae", + "elaeocarpus family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of trees and shrubs widely distributed in warm regions some yielding useful timber; in some classifications included in the family Santalaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaeocarpus", + "genus Elaeocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Elaeocarpaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quandong", + "quandong tree", + "Brisbane quandong", + "silver quandong tree", + "blue fig", + "Elaeocarpus grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree having hard white timber and glossy green leaves with white flowers followed by one-seeded glossy blue fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver quandong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale easily worked timber from the quandong tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quandong", + "blue fig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of the Brisbane quandong tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristotelia", + "genus Aristotelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs or small trees of Australia and New Zealand and western South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makomako", + "New Zealand wine berry", + "wineberry", + "Aristotelia serrata", + "Aristotelia racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graceful deciduous shrub or small tree having attractive foliage and small red berries that turn black at maturity and are used for making wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muntingia", + "genus Muntingia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Jamaican cherry; sometimes placed in family Flacourtiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaican cherry", + "calabur tree", + "calabura", + "silk wood", + "silkwood", + "Muntingia calabura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast-growing tropical American evergreen having white flowers and white fleshy edible fruit; bark yields a silky fiber used in cordage and wood is valuable for staves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sloanea", + "genus Sloanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical hardwood timber trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakax", + "breakaxe", + "break-axe", + "Sloanea jamaicensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian timber tree having very hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterculiaceae", + "family Sterculiaceae", + "sterculia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of plants of order Malvales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sterculia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sterculiaceae: deciduous or evergreen trees of Old and New World tropics and subtropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterculia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Sterculia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama tree", + "Sterculia apetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous tree native to Panama and from which the country takes its name; having densely leafy crown and naked trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kalumpang", + "Java olives", + "Sterculia foetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of Old World tropics having foul-smelling orange-red blossoms followed by red pods enclosing oil-rich seeds sometimes used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachychiton", + "genus Brachychiton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian trees (usually with swollen trunks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle-tree", + "bottle tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian tree of the genus Brachychiton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame tree", + "flame durrajong", + "Brachychiton acerifolius", + "Sterculia acerifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "south Australian tree having panicles of brilliant scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame tree", + "broad-leaved bottletree", + "Brachychiton australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "north Australian tree having white flowers and broad leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kurrajong", + "currajong", + "Brachychiton populneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed tree of eastern Australia yielding a tough durable fiber and soft light attractively grained wood; foliage is an important emergency food for cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensland bottletree", + "narrow-leaved bottletree", + "Brachychiton rupestris", + "Sterculia rupestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of Queensland having cream-colored flowers blotched with red inside; sometimes placed in genus Sterculia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cola", + "genus Cola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of African trees bearing kola nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kola", + "kola nut", + "kola nut tree", + "goora nut", + "Cola acuminata" + ], + "it": [ + "cola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing large brown nuts containing e.g. caffeine; source of cola extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kola nut", + "cola nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitter brown seed containing caffein; source of cola extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dombeya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of African shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dombeya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Dombeya grown for their rounded clusters of exquisite often sweet-scented flowers usually hanging beneath the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Firmiana", + "genus Firmiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Asian trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese parasol tree", + "Chinese parasol", + "Japanese varnish tree", + "phoenix tree", + "Firmiana simplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree widely grown in southern United States as an ornamental for its handsome maplelike foliage and long racemes of yellow-green flowers followed by curious leaflike pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fremontodendron", + "genus Fremontodendron", + "Fremontia", + "genus Fremontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flannelbush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flannelbush", + "flannel bush", + "California beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several handsome evergreen shrubs of California and northern Mexico having downy lobed leaves and showy yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helicteres", + "genus Helicteres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs and small trees of tropical America and Asia having cylindrical fruits spirally twisted around one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree or shrub of the genus Helicteres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut-leaved screw tree", + "Helicteres isora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian shrub often cultivated for its hairy leaves and orange-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heritiera", + "genus Heritiera", + "Terrietia", + "genus Terrietia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of timber trees of eastern Asia, Australasia and tropical Africa that form large buttresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red beech", + "brown oak", + "booyong", + "crow's foot", + "stave wood", + "silky elm", + "Heritiera trifoliolata", + "Terrietia trifoliolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looking glass tree", + "Heritiera macrophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen tree of India and Burma whose leaves are silvery beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looking-glass plant", + "Heritiera littoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of coastal regions of Old World tropics whose leaves are silvery beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermannia", + "genus Hermannia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of African herbs and subshrubs having honey-scented bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey bell", + "honeybells", + "Hermannia verticillata", + "Mahernia verticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African shrub having decumbent stems and slender yellow honey-scented flowers either solitary or in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterospermum", + "genus Pterospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Asian trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayeng", + "maple-leaved bayur", + "Pterospermum acerifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian tree having fragrant nocturnal white flowers and yielding a reddish wood used for planking; often grown as an ornamental or shade tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarrietia", + "genus Tarrietia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of east Asian and Australian timber trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver tree", + "Tarrietia argyrodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theobroma", + "genus Theobroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cacao plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacao", + "cacao tree", + "chocolate tree", + "Theobroma cacao" + ], + "it": [ + "cacao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree producing cacao beans" + ], + "it": [ + "albero del cacao" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triplochiton", + "genus Triplochiton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical African trees with maplelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obeche", + "obechi", + "arere", + "samba", + "Triplochiton scleroxcylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large west African tree having large palmately lobed leaves and axillary cymose panicles of small white flowers and one-winged seeds; yields soft white to pale yellow wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obeche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood of an African obeche tree; used especially for veneering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiliaceae", + "family Tiliaceae", + "linden family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly trees and shrubs of tropical and temperate regions of especially southeastern Asia and Brazil; genera Tilia, Corchorus, Entelea, Grewia, Sparmannia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tilia", + "genus Tilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous trees with smooth usually silver-grey bark of North America and Europe and Asia: lime trees; lindens; basswood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linden", + "linden tree", + "basswood", + "lime", + "lime tree" + ], + "it": [ + "tiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous trees of the genus Tilia with heart-shaped leaves and drooping cymose clusters of yellowish often fragrant flowers; several yield valuable timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basswood", + "linden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American basswood", + "American lime", + "Tilia americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American shade tree with large dark green leaves and rounded crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small-leaved linden", + "small-leaved lime", + "Tilia cordata" + ], + "it": [ + "Tilia cordata", + "tiglio selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large spreading European linden with small dark green leaves; often cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white basswood", + "cottonwood", + "Tilia heterophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American basswood of the Allegheny region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese linden", + "Japanese lime", + "Tilia japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of Japan used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver lime", + "silver linden", + "Tilia tomentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree native to eastern Europe and Asia Minor having leaves with white tomentum on the under side; widely cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entelea", + "genus Entelea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of evergreen shrub that grows in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corchorus", + "genus Corchorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs; especially Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corchorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Corchorus having large leaves and cymose clusters of yellow flowers; a source of jute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grewia", + "genus Grewia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical and subtropical Old World climbers or shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalsa", + "Grewia asiatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drought-resistant Asiatic treelike shrub bearing pleasantly acid small red edible fruits commonly used in sherbets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparmannia", + "genus Sparmannia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical African shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African hemp", + "Sparmannia africana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shrub of South Africa having many conspicuously hairy branches with large hairy leaves and clusters of conspicuous white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb", + "herbaceous plant" + ], + "it": [ + "erba", + "pianta erbacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable" + ], + "it": [ + "ortaggio", + "verdura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosidae", + "subclass Rosidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of trees and shrubs and herbs mostly with polypetalous flowers; contains 108 families including Rosaceae; Crassulaceae; Myrtaceae; Melastomaceae; Euphorbiaceae; Umbelliferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbellales", + "order Umbellales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having umbels or corymbs of uniovulate flowers; includes the Umbelliferae (chiefly herbs) and Cornaceae (chiefly trees or shrubs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteales", + "order Proteales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Proteaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteaceae", + "family Proteaceae", + "protea family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of Australian and South African shrubs and trees with leathery leaves and clustered mostly tetramerous flowers; constitutes the order Proteales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartle Frere", + "genus Bartle-Frere", + "green dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a living fossil or so-called `green dinosaur'; genus or subfamily of primitive nut-bearing trees thought to have died out 50 million years ago; a single specimen found in 1994 on Mount Bartle Frere in eastern Australia; not yet officially named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Protea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Proteaceae; tropical African shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tropical African shrub of the genus Protea having alternate rigid leaves and dense colorful flower heads resembling cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeypot", + "king protea", + "Protea cynaroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African shrub whose flowers when open are cup-shaped resembling artichokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeyflower", + "honey-flower", + "Protea mellifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian shrub whose flowers yield honey copiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Banksia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important genus of Australian evergreen shrubs or trees with alternate leathery leaves and yellowish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banksia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or tree of the genus Banksia having alternate leathery leaves apetalous yellow flowers often in showy heads and conelike fruit with winged seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeysuckle", + "Australian honeysuckle", + "coast banksia", + "Banksia integrifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "caprifoglio", + "vincibosco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree with silky foliage and spikes of cylindrical yellow nectarous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conospermum", + "genus Conospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian shrubs (some trees) with flowers in dense spikes: smoke bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs of the genus Conospermum with panicles of mostly white woolly flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Embothrium", + "genus Embothrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American evergreen shrubs or small trees with long willowy branches and flowers in flamboyant terminal clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean firebush", + "Chilean flameflower", + "Embothrium coccineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown for outstanding display of brilliant usually scarlet-crimson flowers; Andes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guevina", + "genus Guevina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Chilean nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean nut", + "Chile nut", + "Chile hazel", + "Chilean hazelnut", + "Guevina heterophylla", + "Guevina avellana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean shrub bearing coral-red fruit with an edible seed resembling a hazelnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Grevillea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Australian shrubs and trees having usually showy orange or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grevillea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or tree of the genus Grevillea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian timber trees having usually fernlike foliage and mottled wood used in cabinetry and veneering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-flowered silky oak", + "Grevillea banksii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall shrub with cylindrical racemes of red flowers and pinnatifid leaves silky and grey beneath; eastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver oak", + "Grevillela parallela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender tree with usually entire grey-green pendulous leaves and white or cream-colored flowers; northern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky oak", + "Grevillea robusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to tall fast-growing tree with orange flowers and feathery bipinnate leaves silky-hairy beneath; eastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefwood", + "Grevillea striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree yielding hard heavy reddish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hakea", + "genus Hakea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian shrubs and small trees with evergreen usually spiny leaves and dense clusters of showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushion flower", + "pincushion hakea", + "Hakea laurina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall straggling shrub with large globose crimson-yellow flowers; western Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlewood", + "needle-wood", + "needle wood", + "Hakea leucoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bushy shrub with pungent pointed leaves and creamy white flowers; central and eastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlebush", + "needle-bush", + "needle bush", + "Hakea lissosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with pungent rigid needle-shaped leaves and white flowers; eastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knightia", + "genus Knightia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of trees or shrubs of New Zealand and New Caledonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewa-rewa", + "New Zealand honeysuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender elegant tree of New Zealand having racemes of red flowers and yielding valuable mottled red timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lambertia", + "genus Lambertia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeyflower", + "honey-flower", + "mountain devil", + "Lambertia formosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect bushy shrub of eastern Australia having terminal clusters of red flowers yielding much nectar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leucadendron", + "genus Leucadendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of evergreen trees and shrubs having silvery white leaves and solitary terminal flowers with conspicuous silvery bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver tree", + "Leucadendron argenteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South African tree with long silvery silky foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lomatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low-growing evergreens of Chile and Australia; some yield dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lomatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ornamental evergreens of the genus Lomatia having attractive fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Macadamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees or shrubs; Madagascar to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macadamia", + "macadamia tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Macadamia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macadamia integrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of eastern Australia having creamy-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macadamia nut", + "macadamia nut tree", + "Macadamia ternifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian tree with racemes of pink flowers; widely cultivated (especially in Hawaii) for its sweet edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensland nut", + "Macadamia tetraphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy tree with pink to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orites", + "genus Orites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly ash", + "Orites excelsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree having alternate simple leaves (when young they are pinnate with prickly toothed margins) and slender axillary spikes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persoonia", + "genus Persoonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian undershrubs to small trees: geebungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geebung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs and small trees having hard narrow leaves and long-lasting yellow or white flowers followed by small edible but insipid fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenocarpus", + "genus Stenocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of timber trees; Australia to Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel tree", + "firewheel tree", + "Stenocarpus sinuatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern Australian tree widely cultivated as a shade tree and for its glossy leaves and circular clusters of showy red to orange-scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub beefwood", + "beefwood", + "Stenocarpus salignus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree or tall shrub with shiny leaves and umbels of fragrant creamy-white flowers; yields hard heavy reddish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telopea", + "genus Telopea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian evergreen shrubs: waratahs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waratah", + "Telopea Oreades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall shrub of eastern Australia having oblanceolate to obovate leaves and red flowers in compact racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waratah", + "Telopea speciosissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straggling shrub with narrow leaves and conspicuous red flowers in dense globular racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xylomelum", + "genus Xylomelum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small species of Australian trees or shrubs; grown for their fruit and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native pear", + "woody pear", + "Xylomelum pyriforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing pear-shaped fruit with a thick woody epicarp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casuarinales", + "order Casuarinales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of chiefly Australian trees and shrubs comprising the casuarinas; 1 family: Casuarinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casuarinaceae", + "family Casuarinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one genus: genus Casuarina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Casuarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of trees and shrubs widely naturalized in southern United States and West Indies; coextensive with the family Casuarinaceae and order Casuarinales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casuarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees and shrubs of the genus Casuarina having jointed stems and whorls of scalelike leaves; some yield heavy hardwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "she-oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian trees of the genus Casuarina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian trees of the genus Casuarina yielding heavy hard red wood used in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian pine", + "Casuarina equisetfolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Australian tree widely grown as an ornamental in tropical regions; yields heavy hard red wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several heavy hard reddish chiefly tropical woods of the families Casuarinaceae and Proteaceae; some used for cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ericales", + "order Ericales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Ericaceae; Clethraceae; Diapensiaceae; Epacridaceae; Lennoaceae; Pyrolaceae; Monotropaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ericaceae", + "family Ericaceae", + "heath family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath" + ], + "it": [ + "erica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low evergreen shrub of the family Ericaceae; has small bell-shaped pink or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Erica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of low much-branched woody evergreens ranging from prostrate subshrubs to trees: true heaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erica", + "true heath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Erica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree heath", + "briar", + "brier", + "Erica arborea" + ], + "it": [ + "Erica arborea", + "erica arborea", + "radica", + "scopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen treelike Mediterranean shrub having fragrant white flowers in large terminal panicles and hard woody roots used to make tobacco pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briarroot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard woody root of the briar Erica arborea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briarwood", + "brierwood", + "brier-wood" + ], + "it": [ + "radica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood from the hard woody root of the briar Erica arborea; used to make tobacco pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter heath", + "spring heath", + "Erica carnea" + ], + "it": [ + "Erica carnea", + "erica carnicina", + "scopina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf European shrub with very early blooming bell-shaped red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell heather", + "heather bell", + "fine-leaved heath", + "Erica cinerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common low European shrub with purple-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-leaved heath", + "bell heather", + "Erica tetralix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf European shrub with rose-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornish heath", + "Erica vagans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy shrub having pink to white flowers; common on the moors of Cornwall and in southwestern Europe; cultivated elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish heath", + "Portuguese heath", + "Erica lusitanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect dense shrub native to western Iberian peninsula having profuse white or pink flowers; naturalized in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prince-of-Wales'-heath", + "Prince of Wales heath", + "Erica perspicua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African shrub grown for its profusion of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Andromeda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing shrubs of northern regions of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andromeda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs of the genus Andromeda having leathery leaves and clusters of small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog rosemary", + "moorwort", + "Andromeda glaucophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wiry evergreen shrub having pendent clusters of white or pink flowers; of wet acidic areas in Arctic and Canada to northeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh andromeda", + "common bog rosemary", + "Andromeda polifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect to procumbent evergreen shrub having pendent clusters of white or pink flowers; of sphagnum peat bogs and other wet acidic areas in northern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Arbutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen shrubs and trees of southern Europe and western North America: strawberry tree; madrona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen shrubs of the genus Arbutus of temperate Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrona", + "madrono", + "manzanita", + "Arbutus menziesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of the Pacific coast of North America having glossy leathery leaves and orange-red edible berries; wood used for furniture and bark for tanning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry tree", + "Irish strawberry", + "Arbutus unedo" + ], + "it": [ + "Arbutus unedo", + "corbézzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen European shrubby tree bearing many-seeded scarlet berries that are edible but bland; of Ireland, southern Europe, Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctostaphylos", + "genus Arctostaphylos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bearberry; manzanita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly evergreen subshrubs of northern to Arctic areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common bearberry", + "red bearberry", + "wild cranberry", + "mealberry", + "hog cranberry", + "sand berry", + "sandberry", + "mountain box", + "bear's grape", + "creashak", + "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" + ], + "it": [ + "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi", + "uva d'orso", + "uva orsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen mat-forming shrub of North America and northern Eurasia having small white flowers and red berries; leaves turn red in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine bearberry", + "black bearberry", + "Arctostaphylos alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous creeping shrub bright red in autumn having black or blue-black berries; alpine and circumpolar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manzanita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly evergreen shrubs of warm dry areas of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartleaf manzanita", + "Arctostaphylos andersonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect California shrub having leaves with heart-shaped lobes at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parry manzanita", + "Arctostaphylos manzanita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect treelike shrub forming dense thickets and having drooping panicles of white or pink flowers and red berrylike drupes; California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy manzanita", + "woolly manzanita", + "Arctostaphylos tomentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect openly branched California shrub whose twigs are woolly when young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruckenthalia", + "genus Bruckenthalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus containing only one species: spike heath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike heath", + "Bruckenthalia spiculifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen mat-forming shrub of southern Europe and Asia Minor having stiff stems and terminal clusters of small bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bryanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus allied to and once included in genus Phyllodoce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bryanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procumbent Old World mat-forming evergreen shrub with racemes of pinkish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calluna", + "genus Calluna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heather", + "ling", + "Scots heather", + "broom", + "Calluna vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Calluna vulgaris", + "brentolo", + "brugo", + "crecchia", + "erica", + "grecchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Old World heath represented by many varieties; low evergreen grown widely in the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassiope", + "genus Cassiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low tufted evergreen shrubs of colder parts of north temperate regions having moss-like foliage and nodding white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white heather", + "Cassiope mertensiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heath of mountains of western United States having bell-shaped white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaedaphne", + "genus Chamaedaphne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: leatherleaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherleaf", + "Chamaedaphne calyculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "north temperate bog shrub with evergreen leathery leaves and small white cylindrical flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daboecia", + "genus Daboecia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Ericaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connemara heath", + "St. Dabeoc's heath", + "Daboecia cantabrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low straggling evergreen shrub of western Europe represented by several varieties with flowers from white to rose-purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epigaea", + "genus Epigaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small creeping evergreen shrubs: trailing arbutus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailing arbutus", + "mayflower", + "Epigaea repens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing evergreen shrub of eastern North America with leathery leaves and clusters of fragrant pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaultheria", + "genus Gaultheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of creeping or upright evergreen shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping snowberry", + "moxie plum", + "maidenhair berry", + "Gaultheria hispidula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing procumbent evergreen shrublet of northern North America and Japan having white flowers and numerous white fleshy rough and hairy seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaberry", + "wintergreen", + "checkerberry", + "mountain tea", + "groundberry", + "ground-berry", + "creeping wintergreen", + "Gaultheria procumbens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping shrub of eastern North America having white bell-shaped flowers followed by spicy red berrylike fruit and shiny aromatic leaves that yield wintergreen oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salal", + "shallon", + "Gaultheria shallon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen shrub of Pacific coast of North America having edible dark purple grape-sized berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaylussacia", + "genus Gaylussacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen shrubs of North America: black huckleberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckleberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs of the genus Gaylussacia bearing small berries resembling blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black huckleberry", + "Gaylussacia baccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low shrub of the eastern United States bearing shiny black edible fruit; best known of the huckleberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangleberry", + "dangle-berry", + "Gaylussacia frondosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huckleberry of the eastern United States with pink flowers and sweet blue fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box huckleberry", + "Gaylussacia brachycera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having small shiny boxlike leaves and flavorless berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Kalmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect evergreen shrubs: mountain laurel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kalmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Kalmia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain laurel", + "wood laurel", + "American laurel", + "calico bush", + "Kalmia latifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American evergreen shrub having glossy leaves and white or rose-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp laurel", + "bog laurel", + "bog kalmia", + "Kalmia polifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laurel of bogs of northwestern United States having small purple flowers and pale leaves that are glaucous beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep laurel", + "pig laurel", + "lambkill", + "Kalmia angustifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American dwarf shrub resembling mountain laurel but having narrower leaves and small red flowers; poisonous to young stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ledum", + "genus Ledum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs of north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrador tea", + "crystal tea", + "Ledum groenlandicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of eastern North America having white or creamy bell-shaped flowers and dark green hairy leaves used for tea during American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapper's tea", + "glandular Labrador tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Rocky Mountain shrub similar to Ledum groenlandicum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild rosemary", + "marsh tea", + "Ledum palustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog shrub of northern and central Europe and eastern Siberia to Korea and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leiophyllum", + "genus Leiophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: sand myrtle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand myrtle", + "Leiophyllum buxifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing evergreen shrub of New Jersey to Florida grown for its many white star-shaped flowers and glossy foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Leucothoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American and Asiatic deciduous and evergreen shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leucothoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Leucothoe; grown for their beautiful white flowers; glossy foliage contains a poisonous substance similar to that found in genus Kalmia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog laurel", + "dog hobble", + "switch-ivy", + "Leucothoe fontanesiana", + "Leucothoe editorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having arching interlaced branches and racemes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet bells", + "Leucothoe racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy deciduous shrub of the eastern United States with long racemes of pinkish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loiseleuria", + "genus Loiseleuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: alpine azalea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine azalea", + "mountain azalea", + "Loiseleuria procumbens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping mat-forming evergreen shrub of high mountain regions of northern hemisphere grown for its rose-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyonia", + "genus Lyonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees of United States to Antilles and eastern Asia to the Himalaya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staggerbush", + "stagger bush", + "Lyonia mariana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of coastal plain of the eastern United States having nodding pinkish-white flowers; poisonous to stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleberry", + "male berry", + "privet andromeda", + "he-huckleberry", + "Lyonia ligustrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous much-branched shrub with dense downy panicles of small bell-shaped white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetterbush", + "fetter bush", + "shiny lyonia", + "Lyonia lucida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy evergreen shrub of southeastern United States with shiny leaves and angled branches and clusters of pink to reddish flowers that resemble an umbel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menziesia", + "genus Menziesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs of North America and eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false azalea", + "fool's huckleberry", + "Menziesia ferruginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straggling shrub of northwestern North America having foliage with a bluish tinge and umbels of small bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minniebush", + "minnie bush", + "Menziesia pilosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low shrub of the eastern United States with downy twigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxydendrum", + "genus Oxydendrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sourwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrel tree", + "sourwood", + "titi", + "Oxydendrum arboreum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubby tree of eastern North America having deeply fissured bark and sprays of small fragrant white flowers and sour-tasting leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllodoce", + "genus Phyllodoce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen Arctic and alpine shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain heath", + "Phyllodoce caerulea", + "Bryanthus taxifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub with tiny evergreen leaves and pink or purple flowers; Alpine summits and high ground in Asia and Europe and United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple heather", + "Brewer's mountain heather", + "Phyllodoce breweri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-prostrate evergreen herb of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pieris", + "genus Pieris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative evergreen shrubs of woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andromeda", + "Japanese andromeda", + "lily-of-the-valley tree", + "Pieris japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad-leaved evergreen Asiatic shrub with glossy leaves and drooping clusters of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetterbush", + "mountain fetterbush", + "mountain andromeda", + "Pieris floribunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having small white bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhododendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of evergreen shrubs native to cooler regions of the northern hemisphere having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhododendron" + ], + "it": [ + "rododendro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub of the genus Rhododendron: evergreen shrubs or small shrubby trees having leathery leaves and showy clusters of campanulate (bell-shaped) flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast rhododendron", + "Rhododendron californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized rhododendron of Pacific coast of North America having large rosy brown-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosebay", + "Rhododendron maxima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "late-spring-blooming rhododendron of eastern North America having rosy to pink-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp azalea", + "swamp honeysuckle", + "white honeysuckle", + "Rhododendron viscosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub growing in swamps throughout the eastern United States and having small white to pinkish flowers resembling honeysuckle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subgenus Azalea", + "Azaleastrum", + "subgenus Azaleastrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of evergreen or deciduous shrubs formerly considered a separate genus; now included in the genus Rhododendron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous ornamental shrubs grown for their showy flowers of various colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaccinium", + "genus Vaccinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen or deciduous berry-bearing shrubs of northern hemisphere: cranberries; blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs of genus Vaccinium bearing cranberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American cranberry", + "large cranberry", + "Vaccinium macrocarpon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing red-fruited plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European cranberry", + "small cranberry", + "Vaccinium oxycoccus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red-fruited trailing cranberry of Arctic and cool regions of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueberry", + "blueberry bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs of the genus Vaccinium bearing blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckleberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various dark-fruited as distinguished from blue-fruited blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farkleberry", + "sparkleberry", + "Vaccinium arboreum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of eastern United States having black inedible berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-bush blueberry", + "low blueberry", + "Vaccinium angustifolium", + "Vaccinium pennsylvanicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing deciduous shrub of northeastern North America having flowers in compact racemes and bearing sweet dark blue berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbiteye blueberry", + "rabbit-eye blueberry", + "rabbiteye", + "Vaccinium ashei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of southeastern United States grown commercially especially for canning industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf bilberry", + "dwarf blueberry", + "Vaccinium caespitosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing tufted deciduous shrub of northern and alpine North America having pink to coral-red flowers followed by sweet blue berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-bush blueberry", + "tall bilberry", + "swamp blueberry", + "Vaccinium corymbosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high-growing deciduous shrub of eastern North America bearing edible blueish to blackish berries with a distinct bloom; source of most cultivated blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evergreen blueberry", + "Vaccinium myrsinites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of the eastern United States having shining evergreen leaves and bluish-black fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evergreen huckleberry", + "Vaccinium ovatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff bushy evergreen shrub of western North America having sour black berries and glossy green foliage used in floral arrangements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilberry", + "thin-leaved bilberry", + "mountain blue berry", + "Viccinium membranaceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect blueberry of western United States having solitary flowers and somewhat sour berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilberry", + "whortleberry", + "whinberry", + "blaeberry", + "Viccinium myrtillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect European blueberry having solitary flowers and blue-black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog bilberry", + "bog whortleberry", + "moor berry", + "Vaccinium uliginosum alpinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen shrub with leathery leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dryland blueberry", + "dryland berry", + "Vaccinium pallidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low deciduous shrub of the eastern United States bearing dark blue sweet berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouseberry", + "grouse-berry", + "grouse whortleberry", + "Vaccinium scoparium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of northwestern North America bearing red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deerberry", + "squaw huckleberry", + "Vaccinium stamineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small branching blueberry common in marshy areas of the eastern United States having greenish or yellowish unpalatable berries reputedly eaten by deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowberry", + "mountain cranberry", + "lingonberry", + "lingenberry", + "lingberry", + "foxberry", + "Vaccinium vitis-idaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low evergreen shrub of high north temperate regions of Europe and Asia and America bearing red edible berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clethraceae", + "family Clethraceae", + "white-alder family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Clethra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clethra", + "genus Clethra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Clethraceae; deciduous shrubs or small trees: white alder, summer-sweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet pepperbush", + "pepper bush", + "summer sweet", + "white alder", + "Clethra alnifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of eastern and southern coastal United States having beautiful racemes of spice-scented white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diapensiaceae", + "family Diapensiaceae", + "diapensia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "north temperate low evergreen plants; in some classifications placed in its own order Diapensiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diapensiales", + "order Diapensiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications: coextensive with family Diapensiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Diapensia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Diapensiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapensia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any boreal low-growing evergreen plant of the genus Diapensia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Galax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen herbs of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galax", + "galaxy", + "wandflower", + "beetleweed", + "coltsfoot", + "Galax urceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyxidanthera", + "genus Pyxidanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: pyxie; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyxie", + "pixie", + "pixy", + "Pyxidanthera barbulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen shrub having narrow overlapping leaves and early white star-shaped flowers; of the pine barrens of New Jersey and the Carolinas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Shortia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen perennial herbs of North America and eastern Asia: oconee bells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Shortia; evergreen perennial herbs with smooth leathery basal leaves and showy white solitary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oconee bells", + "Shortia galacifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of southeastern United States having solitary white funnel-shaped flowers flushed with pink and large glossy green leaves that turn bronze-red in fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epacridaceae", + "family Epacridaceae", + "epacris family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian heath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any heathlike plant of the family Epacridaceae; most are of the Australian region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Epacris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Epacridaceae: Australian heath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epacris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any heathlike evergreen shrub of the genus Epacris grown for their showy and crowded spikes of small bell-shaped or tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common heath", + "Epacris impressa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spindly upright shrub of southern Australia and Tasmania having white to rose or purple-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common heath", + "blunt-leaf heath", + "Epacris obtusifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small erect shrub of Australia and Tasmania with fragrant ivory flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Jackson heath", + "Epacris purpurascens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub of southern and western Australia having pinkish to rosy purple tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astroloma", + "genus Astroloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native cranberry", + "groundberry", + "ground-berry", + "cranberry heath", + "Astroloma humifusum", + "Styphelia humifusum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small prostrate or ascending shrub having scarlet flowers and succulent fruit resembling cranberries; sometimes placed in genus Styphelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richea", + "genus Richea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees or shrubs of mountains of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian grass tree", + "Richea dracophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout Australian shrub with narrow leaves crowded at ends of branches and terminal clusters of white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree heath", + "grass tree", + "Richea pandanifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gaunt Tasmanian evergreen shrubby tree with slender tapering leaves 3 to 5 feet long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Styphelia", + "genus Styphelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian heathlike shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink fivecorner", + "Styphelia triflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heathlike shrub of southwestern Australia grown for its sharply scented foliage and pink flowers followed by pentagonal fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lennoaceae", + "family Lennoaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fleshy parasitic herbs lacking green foliage and having heads of small flowers; California and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrolaceae", + "family Pyrolaceae", + "wintergreen family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen herbs of temperate regions: genera Pyrola, Chimaphila, Moneses, Orthilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pyrola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-stemmed perennial herbs of cool or temperate regions: wintergreen; shinleaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wintergreen", + "pyrola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false wintergreen", + "Pyrola americana", + "Pyrola rotundifolia americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser wintergreen", + "Pyrola minor" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrola minor", + "piroletta minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild lily of the valley", + "shinleaf", + "Pyrola elliptica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild lily of the valley", + "Pyrola rotundifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrola rotundifolia", + "piroletta a foglie rotonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthilia", + "genus Orthilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrubby perennial rhizomatous evergreen herb; grows in damp coniferous woodlands in northern temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimaphila", + "genus Chimaphila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen herbs with long creeping rootstocks and shining leaves; North America; Europe; east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipsissewa", + "prince's pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love-in-winter", + "western prince's pine", + "Chimaphila umbellata", + "Chimaphila corymbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moneses", + "genus Moneses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: one-flowered wintergreen; sometimes included in genus Pyrola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-flowered wintergreen", + "one-flowered pyrola", + "Moneses uniflora", + "Pyrola uniflora" + ], + "it": [ + "Moneses uniflora", + "piroletta soldanina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monotropaceae", + "family Monotropaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification for saprophytic herbs sometimes included in the family Pyrolaceae: genera Monotropa and Sarcodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monotropa", + "genus Monotropa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafless fleshy saprophytic plants; in some classifications placed in the family Pyrolaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian pipe", + "waxflower", + "Monotropa uniflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small waxy white or pinkish-white saprophytic woodland plant having scalelike leaves and a nodding flower; turns black with age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypopitys", + "genus Hypopitys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term used in some classifications for the pinesaps, which are usually included in the genus Monotropa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinesap", + "false beachdrops", + "Monotropa hypopithys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy tawny or reddish saprophytic herb resembling the Indian pipe and growing in woodland humus of eastern North America; in some classifications placed in a separate genus Hypopitys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcodes", + "genus Sarcodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snow plant; in some classifications placed in family Pyrolaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow plant", + "Sarcodes sanguinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleshy bright red saprophytic plant of the mountains of western North America that appears in early spring while snow is on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fagales", + "order Fagales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous trees of the subclass Hamamelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fagaceae", + "family Fagaceae", + "beech family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly monoecious trees and shrubs: beeches; chestnuts; oaks; genera Castanea, Castanopsis, Chrysolepis, Fagus, Lithocarpus, Nothofagus, Quercus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fagus", + "genus Fagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beech", + "beech tree" + ], + "it": [ + "faggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beech", + "beechwood" + ], + "it": [ + "faggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various beech trees; used for flooring and containers and plywood and tool handles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common beech", + "European beech", + "Fagus sylvatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Fagus sylvatica", + "faggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European beech with minutely-toothed leaves; widely planted as an ornamental in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper beech", + "purple beech", + "Fagus sylvatica atropunicea", + "Fagus purpurea", + "Fagus sylvatica purpurea" + ], + "it": [ + "faggio rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of European beech with shining purple or copper-colored leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American beech", + "white beech", + "red beech", + "Fagus grandifolia", + "Fagus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American forest tree with light green leaves and edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeping beech", + "Fagus pendula", + "Fagus sylvatica pendula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of European beech with pendulous limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese beech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beech native to Japan having soft light yellowish-brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castanea", + "genus Castanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chestnuts; chinkapins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut", + "chestnut tree" + ], + "it": [ + "castagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several attractive deciduous trees yellow-brown in autumn; yield a hard wood and edible nuts in a prickly bur" + ], + "it": [ + "albero che produce castagne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut" + ], + "it": [ + "castagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea" + ], + "it": [ + "legno derivato dal castagno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American chestnut", + "American sweet chestnut", + "Castanea dentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree found from Maine to Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European chestnut", + "sweet chestnut", + "Spanish chestnut", + "Castanea sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Castanea sativa", + "castagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild or cultivated throughout southern Europe, northwestern Africa and southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese chestnut", + "Castanea mollissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tree with small sweet nuts; wild or naturalized in Korea and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese chestnut", + "Castanea crenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spreading tree of Japan that has a short trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allegheny chinkapin", + "eastern chinquapin", + "chinquapin", + "dwarf chestnut", + "Castanea pumila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby chestnut tree of southeastern United States having small edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ozark chinkapin", + "Ozark chinquapin", + "chinquapin", + "Castanea ozarkensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree closely related to the Allegheny chinkapin but with larger leaves; southern midwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castanopsis", + "genus Castanopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees and shrubs of warm regions valued for their foliage; southeastern United States and eastern Australia and northern New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the genus Castanopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysolepis", + "genus Chrysolepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two species: golden chinkapins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant chinkapin", + "golden chinkapin", + "Chrysolepis chrysophylla", + "Castanea chrysophylla", + "Castanopsis chrysophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ornamental evergreen tree of Pacific Coast whose glossy yellow-green leaves are yellow beneath; bears edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf golden chinkapin", + "Chrysolepis sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub similar to golden chinkapin; mountains of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithocarpus", + "genus Lithocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tanbark oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanbark oak", + "Lithocarpus densiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of the Pacific coast area having large leathery leaves; yields tanbark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese oak", + "Lithocarpus glabra", + "Lithocarpus glaber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tree of China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanbark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bark rich in tannin; bruised and cut in pieces to use for tanning; spent tanbark used as a ground covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nothofagus", + "genus Nothofagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beeches of temperate southern hemisphere except Africa: southern beech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern beech", + "evergreen beech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various beeches of the southern hemisphere having small usually evergreen leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtle beech", + "Nothofagus cuninghamii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen tree of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coigue", + "Nothofagus dombeyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean evergreen whose leafy boughs are used for thatching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand beech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tall New Zealand trees of the genus Nothofagus; some yield useful timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver beech", + "Nothofagus menziesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand beech with usually pale silvery bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roble beech", + "Nothofagus obliqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall deciduous South American tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rauli beech", + "Nothofagus procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Chilean timber tree yielding coarse lumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black beech", + "Nothofagus solanderi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand forest tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard beech", + "Nothofagus truncata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall New Zealand tree yielding very hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorn" + ], + "it": [ + "ghianda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit of the oak tree: a smooth thin-walled nut in a woody cup-shaped base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cup-shaped plant organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupule", + "acorn cup" + ], + "it": [ + "cupola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cup-shaped structure of hardened bracts at the base of an acorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quercus", + "genus Quercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak", + "oak tree" + ], + "it": [ + "quercia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deciduous tree of the genus Quercus; has acorns and lobed leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak" + ], + "it": [ + "quercia", + "rovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumed oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oak given a weathered appearance by exposure to fumes of ammonia; used for cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several American evergreen oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast live oak", + "California live oak", + "Quercus agrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly variable often shrubby evergreen oak of coastal zone of western North America having small thick usually spiny-toothed dark-green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous Old World and American oaks having 6 to 8 stamens in each floret, acorns that mature in one year and leaf veins that never extend beyond the margin of the leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American white oak", + "Quercus alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large slow-growing deciduous tree of the eastern United States having stout spreading branches and leaves with usually 7 rounded lobes; yields strong and durable hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona white oak", + "Quercus arizonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-evergreen shrub or small tree of Arizona and New Mexico having acorns with hemispherical cups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp white oak", + "swamp oak", + "Quercus bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous oak of the eastern United States with a flaky bark and leaves that have fewer lobes than other white oaks; yields heavy strong wood used in construction; thrives in wet soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European turkey oak", + "turkey oak", + "Quercus cerris" + ], + "it": [ + "Quercus cerris", + "cerro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous tree of central and southern Europe and Asia Minor having lanceolate leaves with spiked lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canyon oak", + "canyon live oak", + "maul oak", + "iron oak", + "Quercus chrysolepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized evergreen of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico with oblong leathery often spiny-edged leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet oak", + "Quercus coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-large deciduous tree with a thick trunk found in the eastern United States and southern Canada and having close-grained wood and deeply seven-lobed leaves turning scarlet in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack oak", + "northern pin oak", + "Quercus ellipsoidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium deciduous oak of east central North America; leaves have sharply pointed lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous American oaks having 4 stamens in each floret, acorns requiring two years to mature and leaf veins usually extending beyond the leaf margin to form points or bristles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern red oak", + "swamp red oak", + "turkey oak", + "Quercus falcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large round-topped deciduous tree with spreading branches having narrow falcate leaves with deeply sinuate lobes and wood similar to that of northern red oaks; New Jersey to Illinois and southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon white oak", + "Oregon oak", + "Garry oak", + "Quercus garryana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of western North America with crooked branches and pale grey bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holm oak", + "holm tree", + "holly-leaved oak", + "evergreen oak", + "Quercus ilex" + ], + "it": [ + "Quercus ilex", + "elce", + "elice", + "ilice", + "leccio", + "léccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen oak of southern Europe having leaves somewhat resembling those of holly; yields a hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holm oak" + ], + "it": [ + "leccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard wood of the holm oak tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear oak", + "Quercus ilicifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby oak of southeastern United States usually forming dense thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle oak", + "laurel oak", + "Quercus imbricaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of eastern and central United States having leaves that shine like laurel; wood is used in western states for shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluejack oak", + "turkey oak", + "Quercus incana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small semi-evergreen shrubby tree of southeastern United States having hairy young branchlets and leaves narrowing to a slender bristly point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California black oak", + "Quercus kelloggii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous tree of the Pacific coast having deeply parted bristle-tipped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American turkey oak", + "turkey oak", + "Quercus laevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slow-growing deciduous shrubby tree of dry sandy barrens of southeastern United States having leaves with bristle-tipped lobes resembling turkey's toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurel oak", + "pin oak", + "Quercus laurifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large nearly semi-evergreen oak of southeastern United States; thrives in damp soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California white oak", + "valley oak", + "valley white oak", + "roble", + "Quercus lobata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall graceful deciduous California oak having leathery leaves and slender pointed acorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcup oak", + "Quercus lyrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-large deciduous timber tree of central and southern United States; acorns deeply immersed in the cup and mature in first year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur oak", + "burr oak", + "mossy-cup oak", + "mossycup oak", + "Quercus macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous oak of central and eastern North America with ovoid acorns deeply immersed in large fringed cups; yields tough close-grained wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly American small shrubby oaks often a dominant form on thin dry soils sometimes forming dense thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackjack oak", + "blackjack", + "jack oak", + "Quercus marilandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common scrubby deciduous tree of central and southeastern United States having dark bark and broad three-lobed (club-shaped) leaves; tends to form dense thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp chestnut oak", + "Quercus michauxii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous tree of moist areas of southeastern United States similar to the basket oak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese oak", + "Quercus mongolica", + "Quercus grosseserrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oak with moderately light fine-grained wood; Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oak having leaves resembling those of chestnut trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinquapin oak", + "chinkapin oak", + "yellow chestnut oak", + "Quercus muehlenbergii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized deciduous tree of the eastern United States that yields a strong durable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtle oak", + "seaside scrub oak", + "Quercus myrtifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen shrub or tree of southeastern United States; often forms almost impenetrable thickets in sandy coastal areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water oak", + "possum oak", + "Quercus nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively tall deciduous water oak of southeastern United States often cultivated as a shade tree; thrives in wet soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuttall oak", + "Nuttall's oak", + "Quercus nuttalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the pin oak; grows in damp sites in Mississippi River basin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durmast", + "Quercus petraea", + "Quercus sessiliflora" + ], + "it": [ + "Quercus petraea", + "rovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous European oak valued for its tough elastic wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket oak", + "cow oak", + "Quercus prinus", + "Quercus montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous tree of the eastern United States; its durable wood is used as timber or split and woven into baskets or chair seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin oak", + "swamp oak", + "Quercus palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing medium to large pyramidal deciduous tree of northeastern United States and southeastern Canada having deeply pinnatifid leaves that turn bright red in autumn; thrives in damp soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willow oak", + "Quercus phellos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous oak of the eastern United States having long lanceolate leaves and soft strong wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf chinkapin oak", + "dwarf chinquapin oak", + "dwarf oak", + "Quercus prinoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubby tree of northeastern and central United States having a sweet edible nut and often forming dense thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common oak", + "English oak", + "pedunculate oak", + "Quercus robur" + ], + "it": [ + "Quercus robur", + "fargna", + "farnia", + "rovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous European oak having smooth leaves with rounded lobes; yields hard strong light-colored wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern red oak", + "Quercus rubra", + "Quercus borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large symmetrical deciduous tree with rounded crown widely distributed in eastern North America; has large leaves with triangular spiny tipped lobes and coarse-grained wood less durable than that of white oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shumard oak", + "Shumard red oak", + "Quercus shumardii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous red oak of southern and eastern United States having large seven-lobed to nine-lobed elliptical leaves, large acorns and medium hard coarse-grained wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post oak", + "box white oak", + "brash oak", + "iron oak", + "Quercus stellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of eastern and central United States having dark green lyrate pinnatifid leaves and tough moisture-resistant wood used especially for fence posts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork oak", + "Quercus suber" + ], + "it": [ + "sughera", + "sughero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized evergreen oak of southern Europe and northern Africa having thick corky bark that is periodically stripped to yield commercial cork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish oak", + "Quercus texana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree having the trunk branched almost from the base with spreading branches; Texas and southern Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckleberry oak", + "Quercus vaccinifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low spreading or prostrate shrub of southwestern United States with small acorns and leaves resembling those of the huckleberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese cork oak", + "Quercus variabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous tree of China, Japan, and Korea having thick corky bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black oak", + "yellow oak", + "quercitron", + "quercitron oak", + "Quercus velutina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large deciduous timber tree of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada having dark outer bark and yellow inner bark used for tanning; broad five-lobed leaves are bristle-tipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern live oak", + "Quercus virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized evergreen native to eastern North America to the east coast of Mexico; often cultivated as shade tree for it wide-spreading crown; extremely hard tough durable wood once used in shipbuilding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior live oak", + "Quercus wislizenii", + "Quercus wizlizenii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shrubby evergreen tree of western North America similar to the coast live oak but occurring chiefly in foothills of mountain ranges removed from the coast; an important part of the chaparral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuts of forest trees (as beechnuts and acorns) accumulated on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Betulaceae", + "family Betulaceae", + "birch family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monoecious trees and shrubs (including the genera Betula and Alnus and Carpinus and Corylus and Ostrya and Ostryopsis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Betula", + "genus Betula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of trees of the family Betulaceae (such as birches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch", + "birch tree" + ], + "it": [ + "betulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any betulaceous tree or shrub of the genus Betula having a thin peeling bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard close-grained wood of any of various birch trees; used especially in furniture and interior finishes and plywood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow birch", + "Betula alleghaniensis", + "Betula leutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of eastern North America with thin lustrous yellow or grey bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American white birch", + "paper birch", + "paperbark birch", + "canoe birch", + "Betula cordifolia", + "Betula papyrifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small American birch with peeling white bark often worked into e.g. baskets or toy canoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey birch", + "gray birch", + "American grey birch", + "American gray birch", + "Betula populifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized birch of eastern North America having white or pale grey bark and valueless wood; occurs often as a second-growth forest tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver birch", + "common birch", + "European white birch", + "Betula pendula" + ], + "it": [ + "Betula pendula", + "betulla bianca", + "betulla verrucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European birch with silvery white peeling bark and markedly drooping branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy birch", + "white birch", + "Betula pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European birch with dull white to pale brown bark and somewhat drooping hairy branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black birch", + "river birch", + "red birch", + "Betula nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birch of swamps and river bottoms throughout the eastern United States having reddish-brown bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet birch", + "cherry birch", + "black birch", + "Betula lenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common birch of the eastern United States having spicy brown bark yielding a volatile oil and hard dark wood used for furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yukon white birch", + "Betula neoalaskana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Alaskan birch with white to pale brown bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp birch", + "water birch", + "mountain birch", + "Western paper birch", + "Western birch", + "Betula fontinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birch of western United States resembling the paper birch but having brownish bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newfoundland dwarf birch", + "American dwarf birch", + "Betula glandulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub of colder parts of North America and Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alnus", + "genus Alnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alder", + "alder tree" + ], + "it": [ + "alno", + "ontano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and conelike fruit; bark is used in tanning and dyeing and the wood is rot-resistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various alder trees; resistant to underwater rot; used for bridges etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common alder", + "European black alder", + "Alnus glutinosa", + "Alnus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Alnus glutinosa", + "ontano comune", + "ontano nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree with brown-black bark and woody fruiting catkins; leaves are hairy beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey alder", + "gray alder", + "Alnus incana" + ], + "it": [ + "Alnus incana", + "ontano bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Europe but introduced in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaside alder", + "Alnus maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of southeastern United States having soft light brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white alder", + "mountain alder", + "Alnus rhombifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red alder", + "Oregon alder", + "Alnus rubra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of Pacific coast of North America having hard red wood much used for furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speckled alder", + "Alnus rugosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shrub of Canada and northeastern United States having shoots scattered with rust-colored down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth alder", + "hazel alder", + "Alnus serrulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shrub of the eastern United States with smooth bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green alder", + "Alnus veridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of mountainous areas of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green alder", + "Alnus veridis crispa", + "Alnus crispa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American shrub with light green leaves and winged nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpinaceae", + "subfamily Carpinaceae", + "family Carpinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for the genera Carpinus, Ostryopsis, and Ostryopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpinus", + "genus Carpinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly deciduous monoecious trees or shrubs: hornbeams; sometimes placed in subfamily Carpinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornbeam" + ], + "it": [ + "carpine", + "carpino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees or shrubs of the genus Carpinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European hornbeam", + "Carpinus betulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carpinus betulus", + "carpino bianco", + "carpino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized Old World tree with smooth grey bark and leaves like beech that turn yellow-orange in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American hornbeam", + "Carpinus caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree or large shrub with grey bark and blue-green leaves that turn red-orange in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostrya", + "genus Ostrya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous monoecious trees of Europe and Asia and America; sometimes placed in subfamily or family Carpinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop hornbeam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees resembling hornbeams with fruiting clusters resembling hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World hop hornbeam", + "Ostrya carpinifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Ostrya carpinifolia", + "carpinella", + "carpino nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized hop hornbeam of southern Europe and Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern hop hornbeam", + "ironwood", + "ironwood tree", + "Ostrya virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized hop hornbeam of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostryopsis", + "genus Ostryopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous monoecious shrubs of China and Mongolia resembling trees of the genus Ostrya; sometimes placed in subfamily or family Carpinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corylaceae", + "subfamily Corylaceae", + "family Corylaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for the genus Corylus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corylus", + "genus Corylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous monoecious nut-bearing shrubs of small trees: hazel; sometimes placed in the subfamily or family Corylaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazelnut", + "hazel", + "hazelnut tree" + ], + "it": [ + "avellano", + "nocciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs or small trees of the genus Corylus bearing edible nuts enclosed in a leafy husk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazel" + ], + "it": [ + "nocciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fine-grained wood of a hazelnut tree (genus Corylus) and the hazel tree (Australian genus Pomaderris)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American hazel", + "Corylus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut-bearing shrub of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobnut", + "filbert", + "Corylus avellana", + "Corylus avellana grandis" + ], + "it": [ + "Corylus avellana", + "avellano", + "nocciolo", + "nocciolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nut-bearing tree much grown in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaked hazelnut", + "Corylus cornuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hazel of western United States with conspicuous beaklike involucres on the nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianales", + "order Gentianales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants having gamopetalous flowers; Gentianaceae; Apocynaceae; Asclepiadaceae; Loganiaceae; Oleaceae; Salvadoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianaceae", + "family Gentianaceae", + "gentian family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly herbaceous plants with showy flowers; some are cultivated as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centaurium", + "genus Centaurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low-growing herbs mostly of northern hemisphere having flowers with protruding spirally twisted anthers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centaury" + ], + "it": [ + "centaurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Centaurium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosita", + "Centaurium calycosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect plant with small clusters of pink trumpet-shaped flowers of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser centaury", + "Centaurium minus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European glabrous annual centaury with flowers in dense cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufted centaury", + "Centaurium scilloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted perennial of western Europe and Azores having bright pink to white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaside centaury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of centaury found at the seaside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad leaved centaury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of centaury with broad leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender centaury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender variety of centaury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eustoma", + "genus Eustoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of warm regions of southern North America to northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie gentian", + "tulip gentian", + "bluebell", + "Eustoma grandiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the most handsome prairie wildflowers having large erect bell-shaped bluish flowers; of moist places in prairies and fields from eastern Colorado and Nebraska south to New Mexico and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exacum", + "genus Exacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Asiatic and African plants: especially Persian violets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian violet", + "Exacum affine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial cultivated especially as a houseplant for its fragrant bluish to dark lavender flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frasera", + "genus Frasera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American herbs: columbo; includes some species sometimes placed in genus Swertia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbo", + "American columbo", + "deer's-ear", + "deer's-ears", + "pyramid plant", + "American gentian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green gentian", + "Frasera speciosa", + "Swertia speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentiana", + "genus Gentiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gentianaceae; cosmopolitan genus of herbs nearly cosmopolitan in cool temperate regions; in some classifications includes genera Gentianopsis and Gentianella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentian" + ], + "it": [ + "genziana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Gentianaceae especially the genera Gentiana and Gentianella and Gentianopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentianella", + "Gentiana acaulis" + ], + "it": [ + "genzianella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing alpine plant cultivated for its dark glossy green leaves in basal rosettes and showy solitary bell-shaped blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed gentian", + "blind gentian", + "bottle gentian", + "Gentiana andrewsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gentian of eastern North America having tubular blue or white flowers that open little if at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explorer's gentian", + "Gentiana calycosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted sometimes sprawling perennial with blue flowers spotted with green; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed gentian", + "blind gentian", + "Gentiana clausa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Gentiana andrewsii but with larger flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great yellow gentian", + "Gentiana lutea" + ], + "it": [ + "Gentiana lutea", + "genziana maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robust European perennial having clusters of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh gentian", + "calathian violet", + "Gentiana pneumonanthe" + ], + "it": [ + "Gentiana pneumonanthe", + "genziana mettimborsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Eurasian gentian with sky-blue funnel-shaped flowers of damp open heaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapwort gentian", + "Gentiana saponaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial of wet woodlands of North America having leaves and flower buds resembling those of soapwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped gentian", + "Gentiana villosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perennial marsh gentian of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianella", + "genus Gentianella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs with flowers that resemble gentian; in some classifications included in genus Gentiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agueweed", + "ague weed", + "five-flowered gentian", + "stiff gentian", + "Gentianella quinquefolia", + "Gentiana quinquefolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gentian of eastern North America having clusters of bristly blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felwort", + "gentianella amarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gentian of Europe and China having creamy white flowers with fringed corollas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianopsis", + "genus Gentianopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fringed gentians; in some classifications included in genus Gentiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed gentian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbs of the genus Gentianopsis having the margins of the corolla lobes fringed; sometimes included in genus Gentiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianopsis crinita", + "Gentiana crinita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall widely distributed fringed gentian of eastern North America having violet-blue or white fringed flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianopsis detonsa", + "Gentiana detonsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-tall fringed gentian with pale-blue to blue-purple flowers; circumboreal in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianopsid procera", + "Gentiana procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blue-flowered fringed gentian of east central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gentianopsis thermalis", + "Gentiana thermalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blue-flowered fringed gentian of western United States (Rocky Mountains) especially around hot springs in Yellowstone National Park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufted gentian", + "Gentianopsis holopetala", + "Gentiana holopetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blue-flowered fringed gentian of Sierra Nevada mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halenia", + "genus Halenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of Eurasia and the Americas: spurred gentians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurred gentian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Halenia having flowers with spurred lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sabbatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of smooth slender North American herbs with showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabbatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Sabbatia having usually pink cymose flowers; occur from acid bogs to brackish marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh pink", + "rose pink", + "bitter floom", + "American centaury", + "Sabbatia stellaris", + "Sabbatia Angularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several pink-flowered marsh plant of the eastern United States resembling a true centaury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairia Sabbatia", + "Texas star", + "Sabbatia campestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prairie herb with solitary lilac-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swertia", + "genus Swertia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of mountains of North America and Eurasia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh felwort", + "Swertia perennia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvadoraceae", + "family Salvadoraceae", + "Salvadora family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Old World shrubs and trees of order Gentianales; related to Oleaceae but having four stamens and four petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvadora", + "genus Salvadora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of evergreen trees or shrubs; fruit is a drupe; grows in Africa through Arabia to India and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothbrush tree", + "mustard tree", + "Salvadora persica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glabrous or pubescent evergreen shrub or tree of the genus Salvadora; twigs are fibrous and in some parts of the world are bound together in clusters and used as a toothbrush; shoots are used as camel fodder; plant ash provides salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oleaceae", + "family Oleaceae", + "olive family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs having berries or drupes or capsules as fruits; sometimes placed in the order Oleales: olive; ash; jasmine; privet; lilac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oleales", + "order Oleales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Oleaceae; in some classifications included in the order Gentianales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olea", + "genus Olea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees and shrubs having oily one-seeded fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive tree" + ], + "it": [ + "olivo", + "ulivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the genus Olea cultivated for its fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard yellow often variegated wood of an olive tree; used in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive", + "European olive tree", + "Olea europaea" + ], + "it": [ + "Olea europaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree cultivated in the Mediterranean region since antiquity and now elsewhere; has edible shiny black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive" + ], + "it": [ + "oliva", + "uliva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ovoid fruit of the European olive tree; important food and source of oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black maire", + "Olea cunninghamii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Zealand tree having dense hard light-brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white maire", + "Olea lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small New Zealand tree having red pulpy one-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chionanthus", + "genus Chionanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous trees or shrubs: fringe tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small decorative flowering trees or shrubs of the genus Chionanthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe bush", + "Chionanthus virginicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bushy tree of southeastern United States having profuse clusters of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Forestiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of often spiny American shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forestiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Forestiera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanglebush", + "desert olive", + "Forestiera neomexicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny branching deciduous shrub of southwestern United States having clusters of insignificant yellow-white flowers appearing before leaves followed by attractive black berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Forsythia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forsythia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forsythia" + ], + "it": [ + "forsythia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various early blooming oleaceous shrubs of the genus Forsythia; native to eastern Asia and southern Europe but widely cultivated for their branches of bright yellow bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fraxinus", + "genus Fraxinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash", + "ash tree" + ], + "it": [ + "frassino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous pinnate-leaved ornamental or timber trees of the genus Fraxinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash" + ], + "it": [ + "frassino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong elastic wood of any of various ash trees; used for furniture and tool handles and sporting goods such as baseball bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white ash", + "Fraxinus Americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spreading American ash with leaves pale green or silvery beneath and having hard brownish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp ash", + "Fraxinus caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ash of swampy areas of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering ash", + "Fraxinus cuspidata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby ash of southwestern United States having fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering ash", + "Fraxinus dipetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby California ash with showy off-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European ash", + "common European ash", + "Fraxinus excelsior" + ], + "it": [ + "Fraxinus excelsior", + "frassino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall ash of Europe to the Caucasus having leaves shiny dark-green above and pale downy beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon ash", + "Fraxinus latifolia", + "Fraxinus oregona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timber tree of western North America yielding hard light wood; closely related to the red ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black ash", + "basket ash", + "brown ash", + "hoop ash", + "Fraxinus nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous spreading North American tree having dark brown heavy wood; leaves turn gold in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manna ash", + "flowering ash", + "Fraxinus ornus" + ], + "it": [ + "Fraxinus ornus", + "frassino da manna", + "ornello", + "orniello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern Mediterranean ash having fragrant white flowers in dense panicles and yielding manna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red ash", + "downy ash", + "Fraxinus pennsylvanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallish American tree with velvety branchlets and lower leaf surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green ash", + "Fraxinus pennsylvanica subintegerrima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of red ash having glossy branchlets and lower leaf surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue ash", + "Fraxinus quadrangulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ash of central and southern United States with bluish-green foliage and hard brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain ash", + "Fraxinus texensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing ash of Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkin ash", + "Fraxinus tomentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timber tree of central and southeastern United States having hairy branchlets and a swollen trunk base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona ash", + "Fraxinus velutina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby ash of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash-key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winged seed of the ash tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jasminum", + "genus Jasminum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs and woody climbers mostly of tropical and temperate Old World: jasmine; jessamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jasmine" + ], + "it": [ + "gelsomino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs and vines of the genus Jasminum chiefly native to Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primrose jasmine", + "Jasminum mesnyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen rambling yellow-flowered shrub of western China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter jasmine", + "Jasminum nudiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous rambling shrub widely cultivated for its winter-blooming yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common jasmine", + "true jasmine", + "jessamine", + "Jasminum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Jasminum officinale", + "gelsomino", + "gelsomino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climbing deciduous shrub with fragrant white or yellow or red flowers used in perfume and to flavor tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian jasmine", + "Jasminum sambac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian evergreen vine cultivated for its profuse fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ligustrum", + "genus Ligustrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World shrubs: privet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privet" + ], + "it": [ + "ligustro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World shrubs having smooth entire leaves and terminal panicles of small white flowers followed by small black berries; many used for hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amur privet", + "Ligustrum amurense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern Asian shrub cultivated especially for its persistent foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ibolium privet", + "ibota privet", + "Ligustrum ibolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing and tightly branched hybrid of Ligustrum ovalifolium and Ligustrum obtusifolium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese privet", + "Ligustrum japonicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of Japan and Korea having small dark leaves and flowers in loose panicles; related to but smaller than Chinese privet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese privet", + "white wax tree", + "Ligustrum lucidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect evergreen treelike shrub of China and Korea and Japan having acuminate leaves and flowers in long erect panicles; resembles Japanese privet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ligustrum obtusifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous shrub having graceful arching branches and luxuriant foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California privet", + "Ligustrum ovalifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-evergreen Japanese shrub having malodorous flowers; used extensively for hedges because more likely to stay green that common privet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common privet", + "Ligustrum vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Ligustrum vulgare", + "ligustro", + "olivella", + "ulivella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous semi-evergreen shrub used for hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osmanthus", + "genus Osmanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of evergreen shrubs or trees of southern United States and Middle East and China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devilwood", + "American olive", + "Osmanthus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of southern United States having panicles of dull white flowers followed by dark purple fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phillyrea", + "genus Phillyrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen shrubs of the Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock privet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub with white flowers and olivelike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syringa", + "genus Syringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World shrubs or low trees having fragrant flowers in showy panicles: lilacs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilac" + ], + "it": [ + "lilla", + "lillà", + "serenella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Syringa having large panicles of usually fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himalayan lilac", + "Syringa emodi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robust upright shrub of mountains of northern India having oblong-elliptic leaves and pale lilac or white malodorous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian lilac", + "Syringa josikaea", + "Syringa josikea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "central European upright shrub having elliptic leaves and upright clusters of lilac or deep violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian lilac", + "Syringa persica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small densely branching Asiatic shrub having lanceolate leaves and panicles of fragrant lilac flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese tree lilac", + "Syringa reticulata", + "Syringa amurensis japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of Japan having narrow pointed leaves and creamy-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese lilac", + "Syringa villosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lilac of northern China having ovate leaves and profuse early summer rose-lilac flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common lilac", + "Syringa vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Syringa vulgaris", + "fior di maggio", + "lilla", + "lillà", + "serenella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European lilac naturalized in North America having heart-shaped ovate leaves and large panicles of highly fragrant lilac or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardened sugary exudation of various trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemodoraceae", + "family Haemodoraceae", + "bloodwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some genera placed in family Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemodorum", + "genus Haemodorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of family Haemodoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anigozanthus", + "genus Anigozanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of monocotyledonous plants with curious woolly flowers on sturdy stems above a fan of sword-shaped leaves; includes kangaroo's paw and Australian sword lily; sometimes placed in family Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo paw", + "kangaroo's paw", + "kangaroo's-foot", + "kangaroo-foot plant", + "Australian sword lily", + "Anigozanthus manglesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelidae", + "subclass Hamamelidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of chiefly woody plants considered among the most primitive of angiosperms; perianth poorly developed or lacking; flowers often unisexual and often in catkins and often wind pollinated; contains 23 families including the Betulaceae and Fagaceae (includes the Amentiferae); sometimes classified as a superorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amentiferae", + "group Amentiferae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for plants that bear catkins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelidanthum", + "genus Hamamelidanthum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fossil plants of the Oligocene having flowers resembling those of the witch hazel; found in Baltic region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelidoxylon", + "genus Hamamelidoxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fossil plants having wood identical with or similar to that of the witch hazel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelites", + "genus Hamamelites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fossil plants having leaves similar to those of the witch hazel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelidaceae", + "family Hamamelidaceae", + "witch-hazel family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises genera Hamamelis, Corylopsis, Fothergilla, Liquidambar, Parrotia, and other small genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamamelis", + "genus Hamamelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs or small trees: witch hazel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch hazel", + "witch hazel plant", + "wych hazel", + "wych hazel plant" + ], + "it": [ + "amamelide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs or trees of the genus Hamamelis; bark yields an astringent lotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginian witch hazel", + "Hamamelis virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shrub of eastern North America having small yellow flowers after the leaves have fallen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernal witch hazel", + "Hamamelis vernalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant shrub of lower Mississippi valley having very small flowers from midwinter to spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corylopsis", + "genus Corylopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous shrubs of temperate regions of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter hazel", + "flowering hazel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Asiatic deciduous shrubs cultivated for their nodding racemes of yellow flowers that appear before the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Fothergilla", + "Fothergilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous shrubs of the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fothergilla", + "witch alder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several deciduous low-growing shrubs of the genus Fothergilla having showy brushlike spikes of white flowers in spring and fiery red and orange autumn color; grows from Alabama to the Allegheny Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Liquidambar", + "Liquidambar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidambar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Liquidambar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet gum", + "sweet gum tree", + "bilsted", + "red gum", + "American sweet gum", + "Liquidambar styraciflua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American tree of the genus Liquidambar having prickly spherical fruit clusters and fragrant sap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet gum", + "liquidambar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic exudate from the sweet gum tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet gum", + "satin walnut", + "hazelwood", + "red gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown wood and lumber from heartwood of the sweet gum tree used to make furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parrotia", + "genus Parrotia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: iron tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron tree", + "iron-tree", + "ironwood", + "ironwood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small slow-growing deciduous tree of northern Iran having a low domed shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exceptionally tough or hard wood of any of a number of ironwood trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parrotiopsis", + "genus Parrotiopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: deciduous tree of the Himalaya Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juglandales", + "order Juglandales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Juglandaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juglandaceae", + "family Juglandaceae", + "walnut family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees having usually edible nuts: butternuts; walnuts; hickories; pecans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juglans", + "genus Juglans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Juglandaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walnut", + "walnut tree" + ], + "it": [ + "noce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genus Juglans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walnut" + ], + "it": [ + "noce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard dark-brown wood of any of various walnut trees; used especially for furniture and paneling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California black walnut", + "Juglans californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree with somewhat aromatic compound leaves and edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butternut", + "butternut tree", + "white walnut", + "Juglans cinerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American walnut tree having light-brown wood and edible nuts; source of a light-brown dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black walnut", + "black walnut tree", + "black hickory", + "Juglans nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American walnut tree with hard dark wood and edible nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English walnut", + "English walnut tree", + "Circassian walnut", + "Persian walnut", + "Juglans regia" + ], + "it": [ + "Juglans regia", + "noce comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian walnut valued for its large edible nut and its hard richly figured wood; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carya", + "genus Carya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large deciduous nut-bearing trees; United States and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hickory", + "hickory tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American hardwood tree bearing edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hickory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hickory", + "bitter pecan", + "water bitternut", + "Carya aquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hickory of southern United States having many narrow leaflets and rather bitter nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pignut", + "pignut hickory", + "brown hickory", + "black hickory", + "Carya glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American hickory tree having bitter nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitternut", + "bitternut hickory", + "bitter hickory", + "bitter pignut", + "swamp hickory", + "Carya cordiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hickory of the eastern United States having a leaves with 7 or 9 leaflets and thin-shelled very bitter nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pecan", + "pecan tree", + "Carya illinoensis", + "Carya illinoinsis" + ], + "it": [ + "pecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of southern United States and Mexico cultivated for its nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a pecan tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big shellbark", + "big shellbark hickory", + "big shagbark", + "king nut", + "king nut hickory", + "Carya laciniosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hickory of the eastern United States resembling the shagbark but having a much larger nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutmeg hickory", + "Carya myristicaeformis", + "Carya myristiciformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hickory of southern United States and Mexico having hard nutmeg-shaped nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shagbark", + "shagbark hickory", + "shellbark", + "shellbark hickory", + "Carya ovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American hickory having loose grey shaggy bark and edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mockernut", + "mockernut hickory", + "black hickory", + "white-heart hickory", + "big-bud hickory", + "Carya tomentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth-barked North American hickory with 7 to 9 leaflets bearing a hard-shelled edible nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterocarya", + "genus Pterocarya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic nut trees: wing nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing nut", + "wing-nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Pterocarya; fruit is a small winged nutlet; Caucasus to southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caucasian walnut", + "Pterocarya fraxinifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized Caucasian much-branched tree distinguished from other walnut trees by its winged fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrtales", + "order Myrtales", + "Thymelaeales", + "order Thymelaeales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Myrtaceae; Combretaceae; Elaeagnaceae; Haloragidaceae; Melastomaceae; Lecythidaceae; Lythraceae; Rhizophoraceae; Onagraceae; Lecythidaceae; Punicaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Combretaceae", + "family Combretaceae", + "combretum family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of tropical trees and shrubs of the order Myrtales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhawa", + "dhava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indian tree of the family Combretaceae that is a source of timber and gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Combretum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Combretaceae: tropical and subtropical small shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combretum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs or small trees of the genus Combretum having spikes of small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiccup nut", + "hiccough nut", + "Combretum bracteosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental African shrub or climber with red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush willow", + "Combretum appiculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of the Transvaal having spikes of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush willow", + "Combretum erythrophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South African tree having creamy yellow fragrant flowers usually growing on stream banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conocarpus", + "genus Conocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic genus of tropical American trees: button tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button tree", + "button mangrove", + "Conocarpus erectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree or shrub with fruit resembling buttons and yielding heavy hard compact wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laguncularia", + "genus Laguncularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Laguncularia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mangrove", + "Laguncularia racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub to moderately large tree that grows in brackish water along the seacoasts of western Africa and tropical America; locally important as a source of tannin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaeagnaceae", + "family Elaeagnaceae", + "oleaster family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or small trees often armed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaeagnus", + "genus Elaeagnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oleaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleaster" + ], + "it": [ + "ulivastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs of the genus Elaeagnus having silver-white twigs and yellow flowers followed by olivelike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild olive", + "Elaeagnus latifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "olivastro", + "ulivastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect shrub or climber of India and China with red olivelike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverberry", + "silver berry", + "silverbush", + "silver-bush", + "Elaeagnus commutata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous unarmed North American shrub with silvery leaves and fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian olive", + "silver berry", + "Elaeagnus augustifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubby tree of Europe and western Asia having grey leaves and small yellow fruits covered in silvery scales; sometimes spiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haloragidaceae", + "family Haloragidaceae", + "Haloragaceae", + "family Haloragaceae", + "water-milfoil family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Myrtales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myriophyllum", + "genus Myriophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly monoecious and usually aquatic herbs (as the milfoils)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water milfoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aquatic plant of the genus Myriophyllum having feathery underwater leaves and small inconspicuous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lecythidaceae", + "family Lecythidaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical trees bearing large fruits with woody skins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grias", + "genus Grias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anchovy pear tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy pear", + "anchovy pear tree", + "Grias cauliflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree bearing edible fruit resembling mango" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bertholletia", + "genus Bertholletia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brazil nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazil nut", + "brazil-nut tree", + "Bertholletia excelsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall South American tree bearing brazil nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lythraceae", + "family Lythraceae", + "loosestrife family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and shrubs and small trees with pink or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lythrum", + "genus Lythrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosestrife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosestrife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lythrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple loosestrife", + "spiked loosestrife", + "Lythrum salicaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Lythrum salicaria", + "raperella", + "riparella", + "salcerella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh herb with a long spike of purple flowers; originally of Europe but now rampant in eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass poly", + "hyssop loosestrife", + "Lythrum hyssopifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Lythrum hyssopifolia", + "salcerella con foglie d'Issopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual with small solitary pink flowers; originally of Europe but widely naturalized in moist areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagerstroemia", + "genus Lagerstroemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or small trees of tropical Asia and Africa usually with showy white, pink, or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crape myrtle", + "crepe myrtle", + "crepe flower", + "Lagerstroemia indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental shrub from eastern India commonly planted in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queen's crape myrtle", + "pride-of-India", + "Lagerstroemia speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Asia, Australia, and East Indies, where it provides timber called pyinma; used elsewhere as an ornamental for its large showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyinma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively hard durable timber from the Queen's crape myrtle; light reddish brown, smooth and lustrous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrtaceae", + "family Myrtaceae", + "myrtle family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs yielding a fragrant oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtaceous tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrtus", + "genus Myrtus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Myrtaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtle" + ], + "it": [ + "mirto", + "mortella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any evergreen shrub or tree of the genus Myrtus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common myrtle", + "Myrtus communis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European shrub with white or rosy flowers followed by black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pimenta", + "genus Pimenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allspice tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayberry", + "bay-rum tree", + "Jamaica bayberry", + "wild cinnamon", + "Pimenta acris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree; source of bay rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allspice", + "allspice tree", + "pimento tree", + "Pimenta dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic West Indian tree that produces allspice berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allspice tree", + "Pimenta officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree having small white flowers and aromatic berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eugenia", + "genus Eugenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees and shrubs with aromatic leaves and often valuable hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour cherry", + "Eugenia corynantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree with sour red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nakedwood", + "Eugenia dicrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of extreme southern Florida and West Indies having thin scaly bark and aromatic fruits and seeds and yielding hard heavy close-grained zebrawood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surinam cherry", + "pitanga", + "Eugenia uniflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian tree with spicy red fruit; often cultivated in California and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose apple", + "rose-apple tree", + "jambosa", + "Eugenia jambos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree of the East Indies cultivated for its edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Feijoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feijoa", + "feijoa bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American shrub having edible greenish plumlike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jambos", + "genus Jambos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for rose apples (Eugenia jambos)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrciaria", + "genus Myrciaria", + "Myrcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American trees and shrubs of the myrtle family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaboticaba", + "jaboticaba tree", + "Myrciaria cauliflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tropical tree native to Brazil and West Indies but introduced into southern United States; grown in Brazil for its edible tough-skinned purple grapelike fruit that grows all along the branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psidium", + "genus Psidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guavas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guava", + "true guava", + "guava bush", + "Psidium guajava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American shrubby tree; widely cultivated in warm regions for its sweet globular yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guava", + "strawberry guava", + "yellow cattley guava", + "Psidium littorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical shrubby tree bearing small yellowish fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattley guava", + "purple strawberry guava", + "Psidium cattleianum", + "Psidium littorale longipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical shrubby tree bearing deep red oval fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian guava", + "Psidium guineense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American tree having fruit similar to the true guava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum tree", + "gum" + ], + "it": [ + "albero della gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genera Eucalyptus or Liquidambar or Nyssa that are sources of gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumwood", + "gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood or lumber from any of various gum trees especially the sweet gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Eucalyptus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall trees native to the Australian region; source of timber and medicinal oils from the aromatic leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eucalyptus", + "eucalypt", + "eucalyptus tree" + ], + "it": [ + "eucalipto", + "eucalitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the genus Eucalyptus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eucalyptus" + ], + "it": [ + "eucalipto", + "eucalitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various eucalyptus trees valued as timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flooded gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian gum trees growing on moist or alluvial soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several low-growing Australian eucalypts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringybark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian eucalypts having fibrous inner bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothbark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian eucalypts having the bark smooth except at or near the base of the trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red gum", + "peppermint", + "peppermint gum", + "Eucalyptus amygdalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red gum tree of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red gum", + "marri", + "Eucalyptus calophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large red gum tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river red gum", + "river gum", + "Eucalyptus camaldulensis", + "Eucalyptus rostrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhat crooked red gum tree growing chiefly along rivers; has durable reddish lumber used in heavy construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain swamp gum", + "Eucalyptus camphora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized swamp gum of New South Wales and Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow gum", + "ghost gum", + "white ash", + "Eucalyptus coriacea", + "Eucalyptus pauciflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized tree of Australia and Tasmania having smooth white to light-grey bark shedding in patches or strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine ash", + "mountain oak", + "Eucalyptus delegatensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall timber tree with hard heavy pinkish or light brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mallee", + "congoo mallee", + "Eucalyptus dumosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby mallee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white stringybark", + "thin-leaved stringybark", + "Eucalyptusd eugenioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stringybark having white wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mountain ash", + "Eucalyptus fraxinoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree with dark compact bark on lower trunk but smooth and white above; yields lumber similar to that of European or American ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue gum", + "fever tree", + "Eucalyptus globulus" + ], + "it": [ + "blu gum della Tasmania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall fast-growing timber tree with leaves containing a medicinal oil; young leaves are bluish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose gum", + "Eucalypt grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cider gum", + "Eucalypt gunnii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized tree of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp gum", + "Eucalypt ovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of southern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted gum", + "Eucalyptus maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large gum tree with mottled bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon-scented gum", + "Eucalyptus citriodora", + "Eucalyptus maculata citriodora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than the spotted gum and having lemon-scented leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mallee", + "black sally", + "black gum", + "Eucalytus stellulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small mallee with rough dark-colored bark toward the butt; yields a red eucalyptus kino gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest red gum", + "Eucalypt tereticornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales and Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain ash", + "Eucalyptus regnans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree having wood similar to the alpine ash; tallest tree in Australia and tallest hardwood in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manna gum", + "Eucalyptus viminalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tree yielding a false manna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eucalyptus gum", + "eucalyptus kino", + "red gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown dried gummy exudation from any of several trees of the genus Eucalyptus especially Eucalyptus camaldulensis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syzygium", + "genus Syzygium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical evergreen tree of the myrtle family native to the East Indies but cultivated elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove", + "clove tree", + "Syzygium aromaticum", + "Eugenia aromaticum", + "Eugenia caryophyllatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderate sized very symmetrical red-flowered evergreen widely cultivated in the tropics for its flower buds which are source of cloves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo di garofano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic flower bud of a clove tree; yields a spice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyssaceae", + "family Nyssaceae", + "sour-gum family", + "tupelo family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous trees of order Myrtales that includes the sour gum trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyssa", + "genus Nyssa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tupelos: deciduous trees of moist habitats especially swamps and beside ponds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tupelo", + "tupelo tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several gum trees of swampy areas of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water gum", + "Nyssa aquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "columnar swamp tree of southeastern to midwestern North America yielding pale soft easily worked wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour gum", + "black gum", + "pepperidge", + "Nyssa sylvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "columnar tree of eastern North America having horizontal limbs and small leaves that emerge late in spring and have brilliant color in early fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tupelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale soft wood of a tupelo tree especially the water gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onagraceae", + "family Onagraceae", + "evening-primrose family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and widely distributed family of plants of the order Myrtales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circaea", + "genus Circaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enchanter's nightshade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchanter's nightshade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine enchanter's nightshade", + "Circaea alpina" + ], + "it": [ + "Circaea alpina", + "erba-maga delle Alpi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Alpine variety of enchanter's nightshade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circaea lutetiana" + ], + "it": [ + "Circaea lutetiana", + "erba-maga comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evening primrose with inconspicuous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epilobium", + "genus Epilobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed genus of herbs and subshrubs of especially western North America and Arctic areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willowherb" + ], + "it": [ + "epilobio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireweed", + "giant willowherb", + "rosebay willowherb", + "wickup", + "Epilobium angustifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Epilobium angustifolium", + "garofanino maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California fuchsia", + "humming bird's trumpet", + "Epilobium canum canum", + "Zauschneria californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrublet of southwestern United States to Mexico having brilliant scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy willowherb", + "codlins-and-cream", + "Epilobium hirsutum" + ], + "it": [ + "Epilobium hirsutum", + "garofanino d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Fuchsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of decorative tropical shrubs with pendulous tetramerous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuchsia" + ], + "it": [ + "fucsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical shrubs widely cultivated for their showy drooping purplish or reddish or white flowers; Central and South America and New Zealand and Tahiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady's-eardrop", + "ladies'-eardrop", + "lady's-eardrops", + "ladies'-eardrops", + "Fuchsia coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or climbing shrub of Brazil with deep pink to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "konini", + "tree fuchsia", + "native fuchsia", + "Fuchsia excorticata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect deciduous shrub or tree to 10 feet with maroon flowers; New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oenothera", + "genus Oenothera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly North American herbs with usually nocturnal flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening primrose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the family Onagraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common evening primrose", + "German rampion", + "Oenothera biennis" + ], + "it": [ + "Oenothera biennis", + "enagra comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundrops", + "Oenothera fruticosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri primrose", + "Ozark sundrops", + "Oenothera macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evening-opening primrose of south central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punicaceae", + "family Punicaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: pomegranates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punica", + "genus Punica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Punicaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomegranate", + "pomegranate tree", + "Punica granatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Punica granatum", + "melogranato", + "melograno", + "pomo granato", + "pomogranato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree native to southwestern Asia having large red many-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizophoraceae", + "family Rhizophoraceae", + "mangrove family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs that usually form dense jungles along tropical seacoasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizophora", + "genus Rhizophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rhizophoraceae; a small genus of tropical trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangrove", + "Rhizophora mangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical tree or shrub bearing fruit that germinates while still on the tree and having numerous prop roots that eventually form an impenetrable mass and are important in land building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thymelaeaceae", + "family Thymelaeaceae", + "daphne family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of trees and shrubs and herbs having tough bark that are found especially in Australia and tropical Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Daphne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually evergreen Eurasian shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daphne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several ornamental shrubs with shiny mostly evergreen leaves and clusters of small bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garland flower", + "Daphne cneorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Daphne cneorum", + "cneoro", + "dafne odorosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated low evergreen shrub with dense clusters of fragrant pink to deep rose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurge laurel", + "wood laurel", + "Daphne laureola" + ], + "it": [ + "Daphne laureola", + "dafne laurella", + "erba laureola", + "laureola", + "olivella", + "ulivella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy Eurasian shrub with glossy leathery oblong leaves and yellow-green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezereon", + "February daphne", + "Daphne mezereum" + ], + "it": [ + "Daphne mezereum", + "fior di stecco", + "mezereo", + "pepe di monte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European deciduous shrub with fragrant lilac-colored flowers followed by red berries on highly toxic twigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezereum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried bark of the shrub mezereon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dirca", + "genus Dirca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of North America: leatherwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherwood", + "moosewood", + "moose-wood", + "wicopy", + "ropebark", + "Dirca palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern North America having tough flexible branches and pliable bark and small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trapaceae", + "family Trapaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family comprising solely the genus Trapa; in some classifications treated as a subfamily or tribe of the family Onagraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trapa", + "genus Trapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Eurasian aquatic perennial herbs: water chestnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chestnut", + "water chestnut plant", + "caltrop" + ], + "it": [ + "castagna d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Trapa bearing spiny four-pronged edible nutlike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water caltrop", + "Jesuits' nut", + "Trapa natans" + ], + "it": [ + "Trapa natans", + "castagna d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of water chestnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ling", + "ling ko", + "Trapa bicornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water chestnut whose spiny fruit has two rather than 4 prongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melastomataceae", + "family Melastomataceae", + "Melastomaceae", + "family Melastomaceae", + "meadow-beauty family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of trees and bushes and herbs of order Myrtales; many are cultivated as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melastoma", + "genus Melastoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Melastomataceae; Asiatic shrubs with leathery leaves and large purple flowers followed by edible fleshy black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian rhododendron", + "Melastoma malabathricum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen spreading shrub of India and southeastern Asia having large purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medinilla", + "genus Medinilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World ornamental evergreen shrubs having fleshy leaves and large panicles of white pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medinilla magnifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautiful tropical evergreen epiphytic shrub grown for its lush foliage and huge panicles of pink flowers; Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhexia", + "genus Rhexia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deer grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer grass", + "meadow beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Rhexia usually having pink-purple to magenta flowers; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musales", + "order Musales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cannaceae", + "family Cannaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Canna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Cannaceae: perennial lily-like herbs of New World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canna lily", + "Canna generalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achira", + "indian shot", + "arrowroot", + "Canna indica", + "Canna edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marantaceae", + "family Marantaceae", + "arrowroot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical perennial herbs with usually starchy rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Maranta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maranta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowroot", + "American arrowroot", + "obedience plant", + "Maranta arundinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musaceae", + "family Musaceae", + "banana family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treelike tropical Asian herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musa", + "genus Musa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Musaceae: bananas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana", + "banana tree" + ], + "it": [ + "banano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf banana", + "Musa acuminata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese banana", + "Musa basjoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantain", + "plantain tree", + "Musa paradisiaca" + ], + "it": [ + "piantaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible banana", + "Musa paradisiaca sapientum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abaca", + "Manila hemp", + "Musa textilis" + ], + "it": [ + "abacà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Philippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ensete", + "genus Ensete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical herbs: Abyssinian bananas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abyssinian banana", + "Ethiopian banana", + "Ensete ventricosum", + "Musa ensete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strelitziaceae", + "family Strelitziaceae", + "strelitzia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody plants with erect stems of tropical South America and South Africa and Madagascar; in some classifications included in the family Musaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strelitzia", + "genus Strelitzia" + ], + "it": [ + "strelitzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of large perennial evergreen herbs having leaves resembling those of banana plants; sometimes placed in family Musaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird of paradise", + "Strelitzia reginae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ravenala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody tropical plants with tall trunks; sometimes placed in family Musaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveler's tree", + "traveller's tree", + "ravenala", + "Ravenala madagascariensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zingiberaceae", + "family Zingiberaceae", + "ginger family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of tropical monocotyledonous plants of order Musales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zingiber", + "genus Zingiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic and Polynesian perennial plants: ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger" + ], + "it": [ + "zenzero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common ginger", + "Canton ginger", + "stem ginger", + "Zingiber officinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curcuma", + "genus Curcuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turmeric", + "Curcuma longa", + "Curcuma domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpinia", + "genus Alpinia", + "genus Zerumbet", + "genus Languas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial rhizomatous herbs of Asia and Australia and Polynesia having ginger-scented rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galangal", + "Alpinia galanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser galangal", + "Alpinia officinarum", + "Alpinia officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red ginger", + "Alpinia purpurata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellflower", + "shall-flower", + "shell ginger", + "Alpinia Zerumbet", + "Alpinia speciosa", + "Languas speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with pink shading and crinkled yellow lips with variegated magenta stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aframomum", + "genus Aframomum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African genus of plants of the family Zingiberaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grains of paradise", + "Guinea grains", + "Guinea pepper", + "melagueta pepper", + "Aframomum melegueta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elettaria", + "genus Elettaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardamom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardamom", + "cardamon", + "Elettaria cardamomum" + ], + "it": [ + "cardamomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dilleniidae", + "subclass Dilleniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of families of more or less advanced trees and shrubs and herbs having either polypetalous or gamopetalous corollas and often with ovules attached to the walls of the ovary; contains 69 families including Ericaceae and Cruciferae and Malvaceae; sometimes classified as a superorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parietales", + "order Parietales", + "Hypericales", + "order Hypericales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large order of dicotyledonous plants of subclass Dilleniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guttiferales", + "order Guttiferales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications; coextensive with Parietales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Begoniaceae", + "family Begoniaceae", + "begonia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monoecious succulent herbs or shrubs of tropical and warm regions especially America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Begonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical succulent plants widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begonia" + ], + "it": [ + "begonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Begonia grown for their attractive glossy asymmetrical leaves and colorful flowers in usually terminal cymes or racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrous-rooted begonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous begonias having fibrous rather than tuberous or rhizomatous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberous begonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous begonias having large tuberous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous begonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous begonias having prominent shaggy creeping stems or rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas begonia", + "blooming-fool begonia", + "Begonia cheimantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid winter-blooming begonia grown for its many large pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel-wing begonia", + "Begonia cocchinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American fibrous-rooted begonias having prominent basal leaf lobes suggesting angels' wings and racemes of coral-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape-leaf begonia", + "maple-leaf begonia", + "Begonia dregei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberous or semi-tuberous South African begonia having shallowly lobed ovate leaves and small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak begonia", + "kidney begonia", + "Begonia erythrophylla", + "Begonia feastii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous begonia with roundish fleshy leaves reddish colored beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star begonia", + "star-leaf begonia", + "Begonia heracleifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous begonia having leaves with pointed lobes suggestive of stars and pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rex begonia", + "king begonia", + "painted-leaf begonia", + "beefsteak geranium", + "Begonia rex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous usually rhizomatous hybrid begonias derived from an East Indian plant having rough-textured leaves patterned in silver and bronze and purple and red-brown with inconspicuous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax begonia", + "Begonia semperflorens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid fibrous-rooted begonia having broad-ovate green to bronze-red leaves and small clusters of white or pink or red flowers; widely used as a bedding plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socotra begonia", + "Begonia socotrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-tuberous begonia having peltate leaves and rose-pink flowers; Yemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybrid tuberous begonia", + "Begonia tuberhybrida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous hybrid begonias having tuberous roots and variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dilleniaceae", + "family Dilleniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical shrubs and trees and climbers having leathery leaves or flattened leaflike stems: genera Dillenia and Hibbertia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dillenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian and Australian shrubs and trees having panicles of large white or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dillenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen trees or shrubs of the genus Dillenia grown for their foliage and nodding flowers resembling magnolias which are followed by fruit that is used in curries and jellies and preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hibbertia", + "genus Hibbertia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen heathlike or scandent shrubs of Madagascar; Australasia; Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea gold vine", + "guinea flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australasian evergreen vines widely cultivated in warm regions for their large bright yellow single flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guttiferae", + "family Guttiferae", + "Clusiaceae", + "family Clusiaceae", + "St John's wort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed family of chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines that produce oils and resins and some usable timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i101999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calophyllum", + "genus Calophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical evergreen trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several East Indian trees of the genus Calophyllum having shiny leathery leaves and lightweight hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any poon tree; used for masts and spars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calaba", + "Santa Maria tree", + "Calophyllum calaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers and yielding a durable timber and resinous juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maria", + "Calophyllum longifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable timber tree of Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurelwood", + "lancewood tree", + "Calophyllum candidissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree; valued for its hard durable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandrian laurel", + "Calophyllum inophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers; coastal areas southern India to Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Clusia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American aromatic trees or shrubs; often epiphytic; some stranglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clusia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic tree of the genus Clusia having large white or yellow or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild fig", + "Clusia flava" + ], + "it": [ + "caprifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a West Indies clusia having fig-shaped fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxflower", + "Clusia insignis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic clusia of British Guiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch apple", + "strangler fig", + "Clusia rosea", + "Clusia major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common tropical American clusia having solitary white or rose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garcinia", + "genus Garcinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees and shrubs: mangosteens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangosteen", + "mangosteen tree", + "Garcinia mangostana" + ], + "it": [ + "mangostano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree with thick leathery leaves and edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamboge tree", + "Garcinia hanburyi", + "Garcinia cambogia", + "Garcinia gummi-gutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low spreading tree of Indonesia yielding an orange to brown gum resin (gamboge) used as a pigment when powdered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypericaceae", + "family Hypericaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for plants usually included among the Guttiferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypericum", + "genus Hypericum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large almost cosmopolitan genus of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and herbs with often showy yellow flowers; cosmopolitan except tropical lowlands and Arctic or high altitudes and desert regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St John's wort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Hypericum having yellow flowers and transparently dotted leaves; traditionally gathered on St John's eve to ward off evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common St John's wort", + "tutsan", + "Hypericum androsaemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous bushy Eurasian shrub with golden yellow flowers and reddish-purple fruits from which a soothing salve is made in Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great St John's wort", + "Hypericum ascyron", + "Hypericum pyramidatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial shrub having large star-shaped yellow flowers in narrowly pyramidal cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping St John's wort", + "Hypericum calycinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen shrub with bright yellow star-shaped summer flowers; useful as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange grass", + "nitweed", + "pineweed", + "pine-weed", + "Hypericum gentianoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual wiry-stemmed North American weed with minute scalelike leaves and small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St Andrews's cross", + "Hypericum crux andrae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby plant having yellow to apricot flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; southeastern United States: New York to Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low St Andrew's cross", + "Hypericum hypericoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low shrubby plant having yellow flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; Bermuda and southeastern United States to West Indies and eastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klammath weed", + "Hypericum perforatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Hypericum perforatum", + "erba di San Giovanni comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered perennial common in fields and waste places but a weed in rangelands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrubby St John's wort", + "Hypericum prolificum", + "Hypericum spathulatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff shrub having oblong entire leaves and dense cymes of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St Peter's wort", + "Hypericum tetrapterum", + "Hypericum maculatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Hypericum tetrapterum", + "erba di San Giovanni alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial St John's wort; Ireland and France to western Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh St-John's wort", + "Hypericum virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial marsh herb with pink to mauve flowers; southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammea", + "genus Mammea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American and Asiatic trees having edible one-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammee apple", + "mammee", + "mamey", + "mammee tree", + "Mammea americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree having edible fruit with a leathery rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesua", + "genus Mesua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Asiatic trees having large solitary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose chestnut", + "ironwood", + "ironwood tree", + "Mesua ferrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome East Indian evergreen tree often planted as an ornamental for its fragrant white flowers that yield a perfume; source of very heavy hardwood used for railroad ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinidiaceae", + "family Actinidiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees or shrubs or woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinidia", + "genus Actinidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic woody vine bearing many-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bower actinidia", + "tara vine", + "Actinidia arguta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing Asiatic vine having long finely serrate leaves and racemes of white flowers followed by greenish-yellow edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese gooseberry", + "kiwi", + "kiwi vine", + "Actinidia chinensis", + "Actinidia deliciosa" + ], + "it": [ + "kivi", + "kiwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing vine native to China; cultivated in New Zealand for its fuzzy edible fruit with green meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silvervine", + "silver vine", + "Actinidia polygama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental vine of eastern Asia having yellow edible fruit and leaves with silver-white markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canellaceae", + "family Canellaceae", + "canella family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one genus: aromatic tropical trees of eastern Africa and Florida to West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Canella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild cinnamon", + "white cinnamon tree", + "Canella winterana", + "Canella-alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen shrub or small tree having white aromatic bark and leathery leaves and small purple to red flowers in terminal cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canella", + "canella bark", + "white cinnamon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly aromatic inner bark of the Canella winterana used as a condiment and a tonic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caricaceae", + "family Caricaceae", + "papaya family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees native to tropical America and Africa with milky juice and large palmately lobed leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carica", + "genus Carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Caricaceae; tropical American trees: papayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papaya", + "papaia", + "pawpaw", + "papaya tree", + "melon tree", + "Carica papaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American shrub or small tree having huge deeply palmately cleft leaves and large oblong yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryocaraceae", + "family Caryocaraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical South American trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryocar", + "genus Caryocar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Caryocaraceae; South American trees yielding strong fine-grained wood and edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souari", + "souari nut", + "souari tree", + "Caryocar nuciferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large South American evergreen tree trifoliate leaves and drupes with nutlike seeds used as food and a source of cooking oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cistaceae", + "family Cistaceae", + "rockrose family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or woody herbs of temperate regions especially Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cistus", + "genus Cistus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockrose", + "rock rose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubs of scrub and dry woodland regions of southern Europe and North Africa; grown for their showy flowers and soft often downy and aromatic evergreen foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-leaved rockrose", + "Cistus albidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact white pubescent shrub of southwestern Europe having pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common gum cistus", + "Cistus ladanifer", + "Cistus ladanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub having white flowers and viscid stems and leaves yielding a fragrant oleoresin used in perfumes especially as a fixative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labdanum", + "ladanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft blackish-brown resinous exudate from various rockroses used in perfumes especially as a fixative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Helianthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed evergreen or semi-evergreen shrublets; America; Europe and North Africa to Asia Minor and central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helianthemum", + "sunrose", + "sun rose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Helianthemum; vigorous plants of stony alpine meadows and dry scrub regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frostweed", + "frost-weed", + "frostwort", + "Helianthemum canadense", + "Crocanthemum canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of the eastern United States having early solitary yellow flowers followed by late petalless flowers; so-called because ice crystals form on it during first frosts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockrose", + "rock rose" + ], + "it": [ + "eliantemo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous varieties of helianthemums having small rose-like yellow or white or reddish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush rose", + "Helianthemum scoparium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody yellow-flowered perennial of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudsonia", + "genus Hudsonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen subshrubs of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false heather", + "golden heather", + "Hudsonia ericoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American decumbent evergreen heathlike plant with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach heather", + "poverty grass", + "Hudsonia tomentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small heathlike plant covered with white down growing on beaches in northeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipterocarpaceae", + "family Dipterocarpaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical Asian trees with two-winged fruits; yield valuable woods and aromatic oils and resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipterocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of the family Dipterocarpaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shorea", + "genus Shorea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Indonesian and Malaysian timber trees rich in resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red lauan", + "red lauan tree", + "Shorea teysmanniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable Philippine timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red lauan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard heavy red wood of the red lauan tree; often sold as Philippine mahogany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flacourtiaceae", + "family Flacourtiaceae", + "flacourtia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flacourtia", + "genus Flacourtia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often spiny trees or shrubs of tropical Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governor's plum", + "governor plum", + "Madagascar plum", + "ramontchi", + "batoko palm", + "Flacourtia indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of Madagascar cultivated in tropical regions as a hedge plant and for its deep red acid fruits resembling small plums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dovyalis", + "genus Dovyalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of sometimes spiny shrubs or small trees; Africa; India; Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kei apple", + "kei apple bush", + "Dovyalis caffra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous South African spiny shrub grown for its round yellow juicy edible fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketembilla", + "kitembilla", + "kitambilla", + "ketembilla tree", + "Ceylon gooseberry", + "Dovyalis hebecarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shrubby spiny tree cultivated for its maroon-purple fruit with sweet purple pulp tasting like gooseberries; Sri Lanka and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydnocarpus", + "genus Hydnocarpus", + "Taraktagenos", + "genus Taraktagenos", + "Taraktogenos", + "genus Taraktogenos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large Indonesian and Malaysian trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaulmoogra", + "chaulmoogra tree", + "chaulmugra", + "Hydnocarpus kurzii", + "Taraktagenos kurzii", + "Taraktogenos kurzii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree with oily seeds yield chaulmoogra oil used to treat leprosy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydnocarpus laurifolia", + "Hydnocarpus wightiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leathery-leaved tree of western India bearing round fruits with brown densely hairy rind enclosing oily pulp that yields hydnocarpus oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydnocarpus oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from seeds of trees of the genus Hydnocarpus especially Hydnocarpus wightiana (Hydnocarpus laurifolia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Idesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idesia", + "Idesia polycarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous roundheaded Asiatic tree widely grown in mild climates as an ornamental for its heart-shaped leaves and fragrant yellow-green flowers followed by hanging clusters of fleshy orange-red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiggelaria", + "genus Kiggelaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South African shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild peach", + "Kiggelaria africana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large much-branched shrub grown primarily for its evergreen foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Xylosma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American and Asiatic spiny evergreen trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xylosma", + "Xylosma congestum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree grown as an ornamental in mild climates for its neat evergreen foliage and fragrant late flowers; native of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fouquieriaceae", + "family Fouquieriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of spiny shrubs or trees of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several resinous trees or shrubs often burned for light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fouquieria", + "genus Fouquieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resinous succulent trees or shrubs of desert and semidesert regions of southwestern United States that are leafless most of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocotillo", + "coachwhip", + "Jacob's staff", + "vine cactus", + "Fouquieria splendens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert shrub of southwestern United States and Mexico having slender naked spiny branches that after the rainy season put forth foliage and clusters of red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boojum tree", + "cirio", + "Fouquieria columnaris", + "Idria columnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candlewood of Mexico and southwestern California having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochnaceae", + "family Ochnaceae", + "ochna family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs with thick shining parallel-veined leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochna", + "genus Ochna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Ochnaceae; evergreen trees and shrubs of Old World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's-eye bush", + "Ochna serrulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with narrow-elliptic glossy evergreen leaves and yellow flowers with leathery petaloid sepals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passifloraceae", + "family Passifloraceae", + "passionflower family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical woody tendril-climbing vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passiflora", + "genus Passiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Passifloraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passionflower", + "passionflower vine" + ], + "it": [ + "passiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly tropical American vines some bearing edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla", + "purple granadillo", + "Passiflora edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian passionflower cultivated for its deep purple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla", + "sweet granadilla", + "Passiflora ligularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered best for fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla", + "giant granadilla", + "Passiflora quadrangularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American passionflower yielding the large granadilla fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maypop", + "Passiflora incarnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern United States; having an insipid berry the size of a hen egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica honeysuckle", + "yellow granadilla", + "Passiflora laurifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian passionflower; cultivated for its yellow edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana passion fruit", + "Passiflora mollissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated for fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet calabash", + "Passiflora maliformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian passionflower with edible apple-sized fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love-in-a-mist", + "running pop", + "wild water lemon", + "Passiflora foetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American passion flower with finely dissected bracts; stems malodorous when crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Resedaceae", + "family Resedaceae", + "mignonette family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly Mediterranean herbs: mignonette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Reseda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of herbs having racemose flowers: mignonette; dyer's rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Reseda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mignonette", + "sweet reseda", + "Reseda odorata" + ], + "it": [ + "amorino", + "miglionetto", + "reseda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyer's rocket", + "dyer's mignonette", + "weld", + "Reseda luteola" + ], + "it": [ + "Reseda luteola", + "erba guada", + "reseda biondella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamaricaceae", + "family Tamaricaceae", + "tamarisk family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of desert shrubs and trees (mostly halophytes and xerophytes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamarix", + "genus Tamarix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of deciduous shrubs or small trees of eastern Mediterranean regions and tropical Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarisk" + ], + "it": [ + "mirica", + "mirice", + "tamarice", + "tamarisco", + "tamerice", + "tamerisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or small tree of the genus Tamarix having small scalelike or needle-shaped leaves and feathery racemes of small white or pinkish flowers; of mostly coastal areas with saline soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myricaria", + "genus Myricaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous shrubs or subshrubs of southern Europe to Siberia and China; tolerant of chalky soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false tamarisk", + "German tamarisk", + "Myricaria germanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Myricaria germanica", + "tamerici alpino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian shrub resembling the tamarisk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing naturally in very salty soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Violaceae", + "family Violaceae", + "violet family" + ], + "it": [ + "violacee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of order Parietales including the genera Viola, Hybanthus, Hymenanthera, Melicytus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viola", + "genus Viola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of flowering herbs of temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violet" + ], + "it": [ + "mammola", + "violetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous low-growing violas with small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pansy", + "heartsease", + "Viola arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Viola arvensis", + "viola dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American dog violet", + "Viola conspersa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violet of eastern North America having pale violet to white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet white violet", + "white violet", + "woodland white violet", + "Viola blanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-stemmed violet of eastern North America having fragrant purple-veined white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada violet", + "tall white violet", + "white violet", + "Viola canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall North American perennial with heart-shaped leaves and white flowers with purple streaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog violet", + "heath violet", + "Viola canina" + ], + "it": [ + "Viola canina", + "viola selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World leafy-stemmed blue-flowered violet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned violet", + "tufted pansy", + "Viola cornuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European viola with an unusually long corolla spur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-eyed violet", + "heartsease", + "Viola ocellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violet of Pacific coast of North America having white petals tinged with yellow and deep violet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet violet", + "garden violet", + "English violet", + "Viola odorata" + ], + "it": [ + "Viola odorata", + "mammola", + "viola mammola", + "violetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European violet typically having purple to white flowers; widely naturalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's-foot violet", + "pansy violet", + "Johnny-jump-up", + "wood violet", + "Viola pedata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common violet of the eastern United States with large pale blue or purple flowers resembling pansies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy yellow violet", + "Viola pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violet of eastern North America having softly pubescent leaves and stems and clear yellow flowers with brown-purple veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-spurred violet", + "Viola rostrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violet of eastern North America having lilac-purple flowers with a long slender spur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pale violet", + "striped violet", + "cream violet", + "Viola striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafy-stemmed violet of eastern North America having large white or creamy flowers faintly marked with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge violet", + "wood violet", + "Viola sylvatica", + "Viola reichenbachiana" + ], + "it": [ + "Viola reichenbachiana", + "viola silvestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European violet that grows in woods and hedgerows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pansy", + "Viola tricolor hortensis" + ], + "it": [ + "pensée" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild pansy", + "Johnny-jump-up", + "heartsease", + "love-in-idleness", + "pink of my John", + "Viola tricolor" + ], + "it": [ + "Viola tricolor", + "viola del pensiero", + "viola del pensiero selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hybanthus", + "genus Hybanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs and small shrubs with white or purple flowers; grows in tropical or subtropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenanthera", + "genus Hymenanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of slender evergreen shrubs; grow in Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melicytus", + "genus Melicytus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of deciduous shrubs or trees; fruit is a berry; grow in New Zealand and Fiji and Solomon Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urticales", + "order Urticales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants including Moraceae and Urticaceae and Ulmaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urticaceae", + "family Urticaceae", + "nettle family" + ], + "it": [ + "urticacee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants of order Urticales including many nettles with stinging hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nettle" + ], + "it": [ + "ortica", + "urtica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants having stinging hairs that cause skin irritation on contact (especially of the genus Urtica or family Urticaceae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urtica", + "genus Urtica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nettle yielding fiber resembling flax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinging nettle", + "Urtica dioica" + ], + "it": [ + "Urtica dioica", + "ortica", + "ortica comune", + "urtica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Eurasian nettle established in North America having broad coarsely toothed leaves with copious stinging hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman nettle", + "Urtica pipulifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual European nettle with stinging foliage and small clusters of green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boehmeria", + "genus Boehmeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false nettle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false nettle", + "bog hemp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramie", + "ramee", + "Chinese silk plant", + "China grass", + "Boehmeria nivea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for the fiber from its woody stems that resembles flax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helxine", + "genus Helxine", + "Soleirolia", + "genus Soleirolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; a dwarf creeping mat-forming evergreen herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby's tears", + "baby tears", + "Helxine soleirolia", + "Soleirolia soleirolii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate or creeping Corsican herb with moss-like small round short-stemmed leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laportea", + "genus Laportea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly tropical stinging herbs or trees: nettle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood nettle", + "Laportea canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American perennial herb found in rich woods and provided with stinging hairs; provides fibers used for textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian nettle", + "Australian nettle tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tall Australian trees of the genus Laportea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parietaria", + "genus Parietaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of stingless herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellitory-of-the-wall", + "wall pellitory", + "pellitory", + "Parietaria difussa" + ], + "it": [ + "moraiola", + "muraiola", + "parietaria", + "vetriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilea", + "genus Pilea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing tropical perennials grown for their stingless foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "richweed", + "clearweed", + "dead nettle", + "Pilea pumilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plants of the genus Pilea having drooping green flower clusters and smooth translucent stems and leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artillery plant", + "Pilea microphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American stingless nettle that discharges its pollen explosively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendship plant", + "panamica", + "panamiga", + "Pilea involucrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low stingless nettle of Central and South America having velvety brownish-green toothed leaves and clusters of small green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipturus", + "genus Pipturus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian genus of woody plants of the family Urticaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensland grass-cloth plant", + "Pipturus argenteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian plant of genus Pipturus whose fiber is used in making cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipturus albidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian tree of genus Pipturus having a bark (tapa) from which tapa cloth is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cannabidaceae", + "family Cannabidaceae", + "hemp family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two genera of erect or twining herbs that are pollinated by the wind, including the genera Cannabis and Humulus; term not used in all classifications; in some the genus Cannabis is placed in the family Moraceae and the genus Humulus in the family Urticaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cannabis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemp: genus of coarse annuals native to central Asia and widely naturalized in north temperate regions; in some classifications included in the family Moraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannabis", + "hemp" + ], + "it": [ + "canapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Cannabis; a coarse bushy annual with palmate leaves and clusters of small green flowers; yields tough fibers and narcotic drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marijuana", + "marihuana", + "ganja", + "Cannabis sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Cannabis sativa", + "canapa", + "canapa comune", + "erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong-smelling plant from whose dried leaves a number of euphoriant and hallucinogenic drugs are prepared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian hemp", + "Cannabis indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of e.g. bhang and hashish as well as fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humulus", + "genus Humulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hops: hardy perennial vines of Europe, North America and central and eastern Asia producing a latex sap; in some classifications included in the family Urticaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop", + "hops" + ], + "it": [ + "luppolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining perennials having cordate leaves and flowers arranged in conelike spikes; the dried flowers of this plant are used in brewing to add the characteristic bitter taste to beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common hop", + "common hops", + "bine", + "European hop", + "Humulus lupulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Humulus lupulus", + "luppolo", + "luppolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European twining plant whose flowers are used chiefly to flavor malt liquors; cultivated in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American hop", + "Humulus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native American plant sometimes confused with the European hop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese hop", + "Humulus japonicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental vine native to eastern Asia; cultivated for its variegated foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moraceae", + "family Moraceae", + "mulberry family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees or shrubs having a milky juice; in some classifications includes genus Cannabis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morus", + "genus Morus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Moraceae: mulberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulberry", + "mulberry tree" + ], + "it": [ + "gelso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees of the genus Morus having edible fruit that resembles the blackberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mulberry", + "Morus alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Morus alba", + "gelso comune", + "moro bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic mulberry with white to pale red fruit; leaves used to feed silkworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mulberry", + "Morus nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Morus nigra", + "gelso nero", + "moro nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European mulberry having dark foliage and fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red mulberry", + "Morus rubra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American mulberry having dark purple edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maclura", + "genus Maclura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowwood trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osage orange", + "bow wood", + "mock orange", + "Maclura pomifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Maclura pomifera", + "maclura pomifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby deciduous yellowwood tree of south central United States having spines, glossy dark green leaves and an inedible fruit that resembles an orange; its hard orange-colored wood used for bows by Native Americans; frequently planted as boundary hedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artocarpus", + "genus Artocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Asiatic trees now grown through the tropics: breadfruit; jackfruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadfruit", + "breadfruit tree", + "Artocarpus communis", + "Artocarpus altilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Pacific islands and having edible fruit with a texture like bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackfruit", + "jackfruit tree", + "Artocarpus heterophyllus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree cultivated for its immense edible fruit and seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marang", + "marang tree", + "Artocarpus odoratissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Philippine tree similar to the breadfruit tree bearing edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ficus", + "genus Ficus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ficus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical trees or shrubs or climbers including fig trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig tree" + ], + "it": [ + "fico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any moraceous tree of the tropical genus Ficus; produces a closed pear-shaped receptacle that becomes fleshy and edible when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig", + "common fig", + "common fig tree", + "Ficus carica" + ], + "it": [ + "Ficus carica", + "fico", + "fico comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean tree widely cultivated for its edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caprifig", + "Ficus carica sylvestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild variety of the common fig used to facilitate pollination of certain figs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden fig", + "Florida strangler fig", + "strangler fig", + "wild fig", + "Ficus aurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strangler tree native to southern Florida and West Indies; begins as an epiphyte eventually developing many thick aerial roots and covering enormous areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banyan", + "banyan tree", + "banian", + "banian tree", + "Indian banyan", + "East Indian fig tree", + "Ficus bengalensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree that puts out aerial shoots that grow down into the soil forming additional trunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipal", + "pipal tree", + "pipul", + "peepul", + "sacred fig", + "bo tree", + "Ficus religiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fig tree of India noted for great size and longevity; lacks the prop roots of the banyan; regarded as sacred by Buddhists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "India-rubber tree", + "India-rubber plant", + "India-rubber fig", + "rubber plant", + "Assam rubber", + "Ficus elastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical Asian tree frequently dwarfed as a houseplant; source of Assam rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistletoe fig", + "mistletoe rubber plant", + "Ficus diversifolia", + "Ficus deltoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree often grown as a houseplant having foliage like mistletoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Jackson fig", + "rusty rig", + "little-leaf fig", + "Botany Bay fig", + "Ficus rubiginosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree resembling the banyan often planted for ornament; introduced into South Africa for brushwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sycamore", + "sycamore fig", + "mulberry fig", + "Ficus sycomorus" + ], + "it": [ + "sicomoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick-branched wide-spreading tree of Africa and adjacent southwestern Asia often buttressed with branches rising from near the ground; produces cluster of edible but inferior figs on short leafless twigs; the biblical sycamore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Broussonetia", + "genus Broussonetia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper mulberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper mulberry", + "Broussonetia papyrifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Broussonetia papyrifera", + "gelso da carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Asiatic tree having bark (tapa) that resembles cloth; grown as a shade tree in Europe and America; male flowers are pendulous catkins and female are urn-shaped followed by small orange-red aggregate berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cecropiaceae", + "family Cecropiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications included in family Moraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cecropia", + "genus Cecropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American trees that yield a bast fiber used for cordage and bark used in tanning; milky juice yields caoutchouc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpetwood", + "trumpet-wood", + "trumpet tree", + "snake wood", + "imbauba", + "Cecropia peltata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree with large peltate leaves and hollow stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulmaceae", + "family Ulmaceae", + "elm family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicot family of the order Urticales including: genera Ulmus, Celtis, Planera, Trema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulmus", + "genus Ulmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of family Ulmaceae; deciduous trees having simple serrate leaves; widely distributed in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elm", + "elm tree" + ], + "it": [ + "olmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elm", + "elmwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard tough wood of an elm tree; used for e.g. implements and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged elm", + "wing elm", + "Ulmus alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American elm having twigs and young branches with prominent corky projections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American elm", + "white elm", + "water elm", + "rock elm", + "Ulmus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ornamental tree with graceful gradually spreading branches common in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth-leaved elm", + "European field elm", + "Ulmus carpinifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European elm with lustrous smooth leaves used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar elm", + "Ulmus crassifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elm of southern United States and Mexico having spreading pendulous corky branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch elm", + "wych elm", + "Ulmus glabra" + ], + "it": [ + "Ulmus glabra", + "olmo montano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian elm often planted as a shade tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch elm", + "Ulmus hollandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various hybrid ornamental European shade trees ranging from dwarf to tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntingdon elm", + "Ulmus hollandica vegetata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect vigorous hybrid ornamental elm tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water elm", + "Ulmus laevis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ulmus laevis", + "olmo bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian elm closely resembling the American elm; thrives in a moist environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese elm", + "Ulmus parvifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fast-growing tree native to Asia; widely grown as shelterbelts and hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English elm", + "European elm", + "Ulmus procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad spreading rough-leaved elm common throughout Europe and planted elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian elm", + "Chinese elm", + "dwarf elm", + "Ulmus pumila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing shrubby Asian tree naturalized in United States for shelter or ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slippery elm", + "red elm", + "Ulmus rubra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American elm having rough leaves that are red when opening; yields a hard wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jersey elm", + "guernsey elm", + "wheately elm", + "Ulmus sarniensis", + "Ulmus campestris sarniensis", + "Ulmus campestris wheatleyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of the English elm with erect branches and broader leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "September elm", + "red elm", + "Ulmus serotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autumn-flowering elm of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock elm", + "Ulmus thomasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall widely distributed elm of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celtis", + "genus Celtis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of trees and shrubs with berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hackberry", + "nettle tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genus Celtis having inconspicuous flowers and small berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European hackberry", + "Mediterranean hackberry", + "Celtis australis" + ], + "it": [ + "Celtis australis", + "bagolaro comune", + "spaccasassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright green deciduous shade tree of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American hackberry", + "Celtis occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous shade tree of southern United States with small deep purple berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarberry", + "Celtis laevigata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shade tree with small black berries; southern United States; yields soft yellowish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planera", + "genus Planera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deciduous tree of the family Ulmaceae that grows in the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trema", + "genus Trema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen tree of the family Ulmaceae that grows in tropical America and Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liliidae", + "subclass Liliidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises 17 families including: Liliaceae; Alliaceae; Amaryllidaceae; Iridaceae; Orchidaceae; Trilliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liliales", + "order Liliales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of monocotyledonous plants including Amaryllidaceae and Liliaceae and Iridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iridaceae", + "family Iridaceae", + "iris family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of usually perennial geophytic herbs with rhizomes or corms or bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bulbous plant of the family Iridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of perennials that develop from bulbs or rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iris", + "flag", + "fleur-de-lis", + "sword lily" + ], + "it": [ + "giaggiolo", + "giglio", + "ireos", + "iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants with sword-shaped leaves and erect stalks bearing bright-colored flowers composed of three petals and three drooping sepals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearded iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous wild or cultivated irises with hairlike structures on the falls (the drooping sepals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beardless iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous wild or cultivated irises having no hairs on the drooping sepals (the falls)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulbous iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various irises having a rootstock formed like a bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orrisroot", + "orris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant rootstock of various irises especially Florentine iris; used in perfumes and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf iris", + "Iris cristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing summer-flowering iris of northeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch iris", + "Iris filifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous Spanish iris with red-violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florentine iris", + "orris", + "Iris germanica florentina", + "Iris florentina" + ], + "it": [ + "Iris florentina", + "giaggiolo bianco", + "giglio fiorentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German iris having large white flowers with lavender-tinged falls and a fragrant rhizome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinking iris", + "gladdon", + "gladdon iris", + "stinking gladwyn", + "roast beef plant", + "Iris foetidissima" + ], + "it": [ + "Iris foetidissima", + "giaggiolo puzzolente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iris with purple flowers and foul-smelling leaves; southern and western Europe and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German iris", + "Iris germanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Iris germanica", + "giaggiolo paonazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large iris with purple or white flowers, native to central and southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese iris", + "Iris kaempferi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iris native to Japan having large showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German iris", + "Iris kochii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iris of northern Italy having deep blue-purple flowers; similar to but smaller than Iris germanica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalmatian iris", + "Iris pallida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European iris having soft lilac-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian iris", + "Iris persica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous iris native to Asia Minor cultivated for its pale lilac-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow iris", + "yellow flag", + "yellow water flag", + "Iris pseudacorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Iris pseudacorus", + "giaggiolo d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common yellow-flowered iris of Europe and North Africa, naturalized in United States and often cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch iris", + "Iris tingitana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous Spanish iris having blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf iris", + "vernal iris", + "Iris verna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing spring-flowering American iris with bright blue-lilac flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue flag", + "Iris versicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common iris of the eastern United States having blue or blue-violet flowers; root formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern blue flag", + "Iris virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to blue flag; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English iris", + "Iris xiphioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous iris native to the Pyrenees; widely cultivated for its large delicate flowers in various colors except yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish iris", + "xiphium iris", + "Iris xiphium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous iris of western Mediterranean region having usually violet-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belamcanda", + "genus Belamcanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackberry-lily", + "leopard lily", + "Belamcanda chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden plant whose capsule discloses when ripe a mass of seeds resembling a blackberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Crocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocus" + ], + "it": [ + "croco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous low-growing plants of the genus Crocus having slender grasslike leaves and white or yellow or purple flowers; native chiefly to the Mediterranean region but widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saffron", + "saffron crocus", + "Crocus sativus" + ], + "it": [ + "zafferano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World crocus having purple or white flowers with aromatic pungent orange stigmas used in flavoring food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Freesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cormous perennial herbs; native to South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freesia" + ], + "it": [ + "fresia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Freesia valued for their one-sided clusters of usually fragrant yellow or white or pink tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gladiolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gladiolas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladiolus", + "gladiola", + "glad", + "sword lily" + ], + "it": [ + "gladiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Gladiolus native chiefly to tropical and South Africa having sword-shaped leaves and one-sided spikes of brightly colored funnel-shaped flowers; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixia", + "genus Ixia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several South African plants of the genus Ixia having grasslike leaves and clusters of showy variously colored lily-like flowers; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sisyrinchium", + "genus Sisyrinchium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly North American grasslike herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue-eyed grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with grasslike foliage and delicate blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparaxis", + "genus Sparaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous perennial herbs of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wandflower", + "Sparaxis tricolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy often-cultivated plant with tawny yellow often purple-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amaryllidaceae", + "family Amaryllidaceae", + "amaryllis family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snowdrop; narcissus; daffodil; in some classification systems considered a subfamily of the Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaryllis" + ], + "it": [ + "amarilli", + "amarillide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous plant having showy white to reddish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amaryllis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Amaryllidaceae; bulbous flowering plants of southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belladonna lily", + "naked lady", + "Amaryllis belladonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amaryllis of South Africa often cultivated for its fragrant white or rose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bomarea", + "genus Bomarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American vines having showy often spotted umbellate flowers; sometimes placed in family Liliaceae especially subfamily Alstroemeriaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsilla", + "Bomarea edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical vine having pink-and-yellow flowers spotted purple and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; West Indies to northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsilla", + "Bomarea salsilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical vine having umbels of small purple flowers and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemanthus", + "genus Haemanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of African deciduous or evergreen bulbous herbs: blood lilies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous or evergreen herbs of the genus Haemanthus; South Africa and Namibia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape tulip", + "Haemanthus coccineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectacular plant having large prostrate leaves barred in reddish-purple and flowers with a clump of long yellow stamens in a coral-red cup of fleshy bracts; South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hippeastrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous flowering plants of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hippeastrum", + "Hippeastrum puniceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amaryllis of tropical America often cultivated as a houseplant for its showy white to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Narcissus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World perennial bulbous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcissus" + ], + "it": [ + "narciso", + "narcisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous plant having erect linear leaves and showy yellow or white flowers either solitary or in clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daffodil", + "Narcissus pseudonarcissus" + ], + "it": [ + "Narcissus pseudonarcissus", + "narciso trombone", + "trombone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous varieties of Narcissus plants having showy often yellow flowers with a trumpet-shaped central crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jonquil", + "Narcissus jonquilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Narcissus jonquilla", + "giunchiglia", + "narciso giunchiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated ornamental plant native to southern Europe but naturalized elsewhere having fragrant yellow or white clustered flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jonquil" + ], + "it": [ + "giunchiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often used colloquially for any yellow daffodil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper white", + "Narcissus papyraceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daffodil having star-shaped white blossoms; often grown indoors to bloom in the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strekelia", + "genus Strekelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the amaryllis family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobean lily", + "Aztec lily", + "Strekelia formosissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican bulbous herb cultivated for its handsome bright red solitary flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypoxidaceae", + "family Hypoxidaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems included in the Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypoxis", + "genus Hypoxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plants that resemble amaryllis and that grow from a corm and bear flowers on a leafless stalk; sometimes classified as member of the family Amaryllidaceae: star grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Hypoxis having long grasslike leaves and yellow star-shaped flowers: Africa; Australia; southern Asia; North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American star grass", + "Hypoxis hirsuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial star grass of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liliaceae", + "family Liliaceae", + "lily family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes species sometimes divided among the following families: Alliaceae; Aloeaceae; Alstroemeriaceae; Aphyllanthaceae; Asparagaceae; Asphodelaceae; Colchicaceae; Convallariaceae; Hemerocallidaceae; Hostaceae; Hyacinthaceae; Melanthiaceae; Ruscaceae; Smilacaceae; Tecophilaeacea; Xanthorrhoeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liliaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing from a bulb or corm or rhizome or tuber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilium", + "genus Lilium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lily" + ], + "it": [ + "giglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any liliaceous plant of the genus Lilium having showy pendulous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain lily", + "Lilium auratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese lily with golden rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada lily", + "wild yellow lily", + "meadow lily", + "wild meadow lily", + "Lilium canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common lily of the eastern United States having nodding yellow or reddish flowers spotted with brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madonna lily", + "white lily", + "Annunciation lily", + "Lent lily", + "Lilium candidum" + ], + "it": [ + "Lilium candidum", + "giglio di Sant'Antonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans with broad funnel-shaped white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger lily", + "leopard lily", + "pine lily", + "Lilium catesbaei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of southeastern United States having cup-shaped flowers with deep yellow to scarlet recurved petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia tiger lily", + "Oregon lily", + "Lilium columbianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of western North America with showy orange-red purple-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger lily", + "devil lily", + "kentan", + "Lilium lancifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "east Asian perennial having large reddish-orange black-spotted flowers with reflexed petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter lily", + "Bermuda lily", + "white trumpet lily", + "Lilium longiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall lily have large white trumpet-shaped flowers that bloom in the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast lily", + "Lilium maritinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange-flowered lily of Pacific coast of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turk's-cap", + "martagon", + "Lilium martagon" + ], + "it": [ + "Lilium martagon", + "giglio martagone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily with small dull purple flowers of northwestern Europe and northwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michigan lily", + "Lilium michiganense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of central North America having recurved orange-red flowers with deep crimson spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard lily", + "panther lily", + "Lilium pardalinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of western United States having orange-red to crimson maroon-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood lily", + "Lilium philadelphicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of eastern North America having orange to orange-red purple-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turk's-cap", + "Turk's cap-lily", + "Lilium superbum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lily of the eastern United States with orange to red maroon-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Agapanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South African evergreen or deciduous plants; sometimes placed in the family or subfamily Alliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agapanthus", + "lily of the Nile" + ], + "it": [ + "agapanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Agapanthus having umbels of showy blue to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African lily", + "African tulip", + "blue African lily", + "Agapanthus africanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African plant with bright green evergreen leaves and umbels of many usually deep violet-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Albuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of bulbous plants of South Africa; sometimes placed in subfamily Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Albuca having large clusters of pale yellow flowers; South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aletris", + "genus Aletris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of bitter-rooted herbs of eastern North America and Asia; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colicroot", + "colic root", + "crow corn", + "star grass", + "unicorn root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several perennials of the genus Aletris having grasslike leaves and bitter roots reputed to cure colic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ague root", + "ague grass", + "Aletris farinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colicroot having a scurfy or granuliferous perianth and white flowers; southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow colicroot", + "Aletris aurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colicroot with yellow-bracted racemose flowers; smaller than Aletris farinosa; southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alliaceae", + "family Alliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes especially genus Allium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allium", + "genus Allium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of perennial and biennial pungent bulbous plants: garlic; leek; onion; chive; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae as the type genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous plants having a characteristic pungent onion odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild onion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Allium with edible bulbs found growing wild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooker's onion", + "Allium acuminatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common North American wild onion with a strong onion odor and an umbel of pink flowers atop a leafless stalk; British Columbia to California and Arizona and east to Wyoming and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild leek", + "Levant garlic", + "kurrat", + "Allium ampeloprasum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse Old World perennial having a large bulb and tall stalk of greenish purple-tinged flowers; widely naturalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada garlic", + "meadow leek", + "rose leek", + "Allium canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bulbous plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keeled garlic", + "Allium carinatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian bulbous plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion", + "onion plant", + "Allium cepa" + ], + "it": [ + "Allium cepa", + "cipolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous plant having hollow leaves cultivated worldwide for its rounded edible bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion" + ], + "it": [ + "cipolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bulb of an onion plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallot", + "eschalot", + "multiplier onion", + "Allium cepa aggregatum", + "Allium ascalonicum" + ], + "it": [ + "scalogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of onion plant producing small clustered mild-flavored bulbs used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggregate bulb of the multiplier onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree onion", + "Egyptian onion", + "top onion", + "Allium cepa viviparum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of perennial onion grown chiefly as a curiosity or for early salad onions; having bulbils that replace the flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nodding onion", + "nodding wild onion", + "lady's leek", + "Allium cernuum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed North American wild onion with white to rose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh onion", + "Japanese leek", + "Allium fistulosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic onion with slender bulbs; used as early green onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-skinned onion", + "Allium haematochiton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "onion with white to deep red tunic; California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leek", + "scallion", + "Allium porrum" + ], + "it": [ + "porro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having a large slender white bulb and flat overlapping dark green leaves; used in cooking; believed derived from the wild Allium ampeloprasum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daffodil garlic", + "flowering onion", + "Naples garlic", + "Allium neopolitanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European onion with white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "few-flowered leek", + "Allium paradoxum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leek producing bulbils instead of flowers; Russia and Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic", + "Allium sativum" + ], + "it": [ + "Allium sativum", + "aglio", + "aglio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous herb of southern Europe widely naturalized; bulb breaks up into separate strong-flavored cloves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand leek", + "giant garlic", + "Spanish garlic", + "rocambole", + "Allium scorodoprasum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European leek cultivated and used like leeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chives", + "chive", + "cive", + "schnittlaugh", + "Allium schoenoprasum" + ], + "it": [ + "Allium schoenoprasum", + "aglio ungherese", + "erba cipollina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial having hollow cylindrical leaves used for seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp", + "wild leek", + "Allium tricoccum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial having a slender bulb and whitish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow garlic", + "false garlic", + "field garlic", + "stag's garlic", + "wild garlic", + "Allium vineale" + ], + "it": [ + "Allium vineale", + "aglio delle vigne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent Old World wild onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild garlic", + "wood garlic", + "Ramsons", + "Allium ursinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Allium ursinum", + "aglio orsino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent Old World weedy plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic chive", + "Chinese chive", + "Oriental garlic", + "Allium tuberosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of eastern Asia; larger than Allium schoenoprasum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-headed leek", + "Allium sphaerocephalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World leek with a spherical bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-cornered leek", + "triquetrous leek", + "Allium triquetrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European leek naturalized in Great Britain; leaves are triangular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aloeaceae", + "family Aloeaceae", + "aloe family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aloe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of chiefly African liliaceous plants; in some systems placed in family Aloeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aloe" + ], + "it": [ + "aloe", + "aloè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent plants having rosettes of leaves usually with fiber like hemp and spikes of showy flowers; found chiefly in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape aloe", + "Aloe ferox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched South African plant with reddish prickly succulent leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn plant", + "Aloe vera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very short-stemmed plant with thick leaves with soothing mucilaginous juice; leaves develop spiny margins with maturity; native to Mediterranean region; grown widely in tropics and as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Kniphofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of showy clump-forming African herbs with grasslike leaves; sometimes placed in family Aloeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kniphofia", + "tritoma", + "flame flower", + "flame-flower", + "flameflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker plant", + "Kniphofia uvaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-hot poker", + "Kniphofia praecox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated hybrid poker plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alstroemeriaceae", + "family Alstroemeriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; sometimes included in subfamily Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Alstroemeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of showy South American herbs with leafy stems; sometimes placed in family Alstroemeriaceae or in family Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alstroemeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various South American plants of the genus Alstroemeria valued for their handsome umbels of beautiful flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian lily", + "lily of the Incas", + "Alstroemeria pelegrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Andean herb having umbels of showy pinkish-purple lily-like flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amianthum", + "genus Amianthum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: fly poison; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly poison", + "Amianthum muscaetoxicum", + "Amianthum muscitoxicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all parts of plant are highly toxic; bulb pounded and used as a fly poison; sometimes placed in subfamily Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthericum", + "genus Anthericum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World (mainly African) perennial herbs; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint-Bernard's-lily", + "Anthericum liliago" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthericum liliago", + "lilioasfodelo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern European plant commonly cultivated for its spikes of small starry greenish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amber lily", + "Anthericum torreyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having basal grasslike leaves and a narrow open cluster of starlike yellowish-orange flowers atop a leafless stalk; southwestern United States; only species of Anthericum growing in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphyllanthaceae", + "family Aphyllanthaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Aphyllanthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphyllanthes", + "genus Aphyllanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; small fibrous-rooted perennial with rushlike foliage and deep blue flowers; sometimes placed in its own family Aphyllanthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asparagaceae", + "family Asparagaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae: includes genera Asparagus and sometimes Ruscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Asparagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Old World perennial herbs with erect or spreading or climbing stems and small scalelike leaves and inconspicuous flowers; sometimes placed in family Asparagaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagus", + "edible asparagus", + "Asparagus officinales" + ], + "it": [ + "asparago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagus fern", + "Asparagus setaceous", + "Asparagus plumosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fernlike plant native to South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smilax", + "Asparagus asparagoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragile twining plant of South Africa with bright green flattened stems and glossy foliage popular as a floral decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asphodelaceae", + "family Asphodelaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asphodel" + ], + "it": [ + "asfodelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly Mediterranean plants of the genera Asphodeline and Asphodelus having linear leaves and racemes of white or pink or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asphodeline", + "genus Asphodeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of rhizomatous perennial or biennial herbs with numerous sometimes fragrant flowers in long cylindrical racemes; Mediterranean region to Caucasus; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacob's rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asphodel having erect smooth unbranched stem either flexuous or straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king's spear", + "yellow asphodel", + "Asphodeline lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asphodel with leafy stem and fragrant yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asphodelus", + "genus Asphodelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tall striking annuals or perennials with grasslike foliage and flowers in dense racemes or panicles; Mediterranean to Himalayas; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aspidistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of eastern Asiatic herbs; sometimes placed in the family Convallariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspidistra", + "cast-iron plant", + "bar-room plant", + "Aspidistra elatio" + ], + "it": [ + "aspidistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bessera", + "genus Bessera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of cormous perennials of Mexico; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral drops", + "Bessera elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half-hardy Mexican herb cultivated for its drooping terminal umbels of showy red-and-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blandfordia", + "genus Blandfordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tuberous Australian perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas bells" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Blandfordia having large orange or crimson flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloomeria", + "genus Bloomeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of bulbous perennial herbs of southwestern United States and Mexico; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden star", + "golden stars", + "Bloomeria crocea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California plant having grasslike leaves and showy orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowiea", + "genus Bowiea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical African perennial bulbous herbs with deciduous twining stems; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing onion", + "Bowiea volubilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Brodiaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western United States bulbous plants with basal leaves and variously colored flowers; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brodiaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Brodiaea having basal grasslike leaves and globose flower heads on leafless stems resembling those of genus Allium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegant brodiaea", + "Brodiaea elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brodiaea having an umbel of violet or blue-violet flowers atop a leafless stalk; northern Oregon to southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calochortus", + "genus Calochortus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of western North American leafy-stemmed bulbous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mariposa", + "mariposa tulip", + "mariposa lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having tulip-shaped flowers with 3 sepals and 3 petals; southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe lily", + "fairy lantern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having egg-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's-ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having flowers with petals shaped like cat's ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white globe lily", + "white fairy lantern", + "Calochortus albus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globe lily having open branched clusters of egg-shaped white flowers; southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow globe lily", + "golden fairy lantern", + "Calochortus amabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globe lily having open branched clusters of clear yellow egg-shaped flowers; northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose globe lily", + "Calochortus amoenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globe lily with deep rose-pink or purple egg-shaped flowers on flexuous stems; western slopes of Sierra Nevada in San Joaquin Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star tulip", + "elegant cat's ears", + "Calochortus elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plant with slender bent stems bearing branched clusters of a few white star-shaped flowers with petals shaped like cat's ears; southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon to Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert mariposa tulip", + "Calochortus kennedyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mariposa with clusters of bell-shaped vermilion or orange or yellow flowers atop short stems; southern California to Arizona and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow mariposa tulip", + "Calochortus luteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mariposa having clusters of a few large deep yellow bell-shaped flowers atop slender stems; California coastal ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagebrush mariposa tulip", + "Calochortus macrocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mariposa having loose clusters of one to three handsome lilac flowers resembling umbels atop stout erect stems; arid northwestern North America east of Cascade Mountains from southern British Columbia to northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sego lily", + "Calochortus nuttallii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plant having clusters of one to four showy white bell-shaped flowers atop erect unbranched stems; edible bulbs useful in times of scarcity; eastern Montana and western North Dakota south to northern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camassia", + "genus Camassia", + "Quamassia", + "genus Quamassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of scapose herbs of North and South America having large edible bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camas", + "camass", + "quamash", + "camosh", + "camash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Camassia; North and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common camas", + "Camassia quamash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having a large edible bulb and linear basal leaves and racemes of light to deep violet-blue star-shaped flowers on tall green scapes; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leichtlin's camas", + "Camassia leichtlinii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "camas found to the west of Cascade Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild hyacinth", + "indigo squill", + "Camassia scilloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern camas; eastern and central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythronium", + "genus Erythronium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial bulbous herbs most of northern United States: dogtooth violet; adder's tongue; trout lily; fawn lily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogtooth violet", + "dogtooth", + "dog's-tooth violet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial woodland spring-flowering plant; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white dogtooth violet", + "white dog's-tooth violet", + "blonde lilian", + "Erythronium albidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American dogtooth having solitary white flowers with yellow centers and blue or pink exteriors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow adder's tongue", + "trout lily", + "amberbell", + "Erythronium americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern North American dogtooth having solitary yellow flowers marked with brown or purple and spotted interiors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European dogtooth", + "Erythronium dens-canis" + ], + "it": [ + "Erythronium dens-canis", + "dente di cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sturdy European dogtooth with rose to mauve flowers; cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fawn lily", + "Erythronium californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California dogtooth violet with creamy white flowers sometimes yellow-tinged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glacier lily", + "snow lily", + "Erythronium grandiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dogtooth violet of western North America having bright yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avalanche lily", + "Erythronium montanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb having large white flowers marked with orange; found near the snow line in the northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fritillaria", + "genus Fritillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fritillary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fritillary", + "checkered lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any liliaceous plant of the genus Fritillaria having nodding variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission bells", + "rice-grain fritillary", + "Fritillaria affinis", + "Fritillaria lanceolata", + "Fritillaria mutica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of northwestern America having green-and-purple bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission bells", + "black fritillary", + "Fritillaria biflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of southwestern United States having dark purple bell-shaped flowers mottled with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stink bell", + "Fritillaria agrestis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malodorous California herb with bell-shaped flowers; a common weed in grainfields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown imperial", + "Fritillaria imperialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb with a cluster of leaves and orange-red bell-shaped flowers at the top of the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white fritillary", + "Fritillaria liliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California herb with white conic or bell-shaped flowers usually tinged with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake's head fritillary", + "guinea-hen flower", + "checkered daffodil", + "leper lily", + "Fritillaria meleagris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian checkered lily with pendant flowers usually veined and checkered with purple or maroon on a pale ground and shaped like the bells carried by lepers in medieval times; widely grown as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown bells", + "Fritillaria micrantha", + "Fritillaria parviflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California herb with brownish-purple or greenish bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adobe lily", + "pink fritillary", + "Fritillaria pluriflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California herb with pinkish purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet fritillary", + "Fritillaria recurva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western United States herb with scarlet and yellow narrow bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulipa", + "genus Tulipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial bulbous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulip" + ], + "it": [ + "tulipano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous perennial bulbous herbs having linear or broadly lanceolate leaves and usually a single showy flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf tulip", + "Tulipa armena", + "Tulipa suaveolens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small early blooming tulip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady tulip", + "candlestick tulip", + "Tulipa clusiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian tulip with small flowers blotched at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulipa gesneriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall late blooming tulip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage tulip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several long-stemmed tulips that flower in May; have egg-shaped variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darwin tulip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several very tall, late blooming tulips bearing large squarish flowers on sturdy stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colchicaceae", + "family Colchicaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted: genera Colchicum and Gloriosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colchicum", + "genus Colchicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly fall-blooming perennial cormous herbs; sometimes placed in family Colchicaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autumn crocus", + "meadow saffron", + "naked lady", + "Colchicum autumnale" + ], + "it": [ + "Colchicum autumnale", + "colchico d'autunno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulbous autumn-flowering herb with white, purple or lavender-and-white flowers; native to western and central Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gloriosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Colchicaceae; one species: glory lily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloriosa", + "glory lily", + "climbing lily", + "creeping lily", + "Gloriosa superba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Gloriosa of tropical Africa and Asia; a perennial herb climbing by means of tendrils at leaf tips having showy yellow to red or purple flowers; all parts are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemerocallidaceae", + "family Hemerocallidaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Hemerocallis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemerocallis", + "genus Hemerocallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "east Asian rhizomatous clump-forming perennial herbs having flowers on long leafless stalks; cosmopolitan in cultivation: day lilies; sometimes placed in subfamily Hemerocallidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day lily", + "daylily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous perennials having tuberous roots and long narrow bladelike leaves and usually yellow lily-like flowers that bloom for only a day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon lily", + "Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus", + "Hemerocallis flava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day lily with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hostaceae", + "family Hostaceae", + "Funkaceae", + "family Funkaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Hosta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hosta", + "genus Hosta", + "Funka", + "genus Funka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robust east Asian clump-forming perennial herbs having racemose flowers: plantain lilies; sometimes placed in family Hostaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantain lily", + "day lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyacinthaceae", + "family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many families or subfamilies in which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hyacinthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae as the type genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyacinth" + ], + "it": [ + "giacinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous bulbous perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common hyacinth", + "Hyacinthus orientalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyacinthus orientalis", + "giacinto comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely grown for its fragrance and its white, pink, blue, or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman hyacinth", + "Hyacinthus orientalis albulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyacinth with loosely flowered spikes, several growing from one bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer hyacinth", + "cape hyacinth", + "Hyacinthus candicans", + "Galtonia candicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern African herb with white bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyacinthoides", + "genus Hyacinthoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial bulbs of western Europe and North Africa; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild hyacinth", + "wood hyacinth", + "bluebell", + "harebell", + "Hyacinthoides nonscripta", + "Scilla nonscripta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in genus Scilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ornithogalum", + "genus Ornithogalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star-of-Bethlehem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several perennial plants of the genus Ornithogalum native to the Mediterranean and having star-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starflower", + "sleepy dick", + "summer snowflake", + "Ornithogalum umbellatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ornithogalum umbellatum", + "latte di Gallina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Old World herb having grasslike leaves and clusters of star-shaped white flowers with green stripes; naturalized in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath asparagus", + "Prussian asparagus", + "Ornithogalum pyrenaicum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ornithogalum pyrenaicum", + "latte di Gallina a fiori giallastri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World star of Bethlehem having edible young shoots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chincherinchee", + "wonder flower", + "Ornithogalum thyrsoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African perennial with long-lasting spikes of white blossoms that are shipped in to Europe and America for use as winter cut flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscari", + "genus Muscari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape hyacinth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various early flowering spring hyacinths native to Eurasia having dense spikes of rounded blue flowers resembling bunches of small grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common grape hyacinth", + "Muscari neglectum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific species having particularly beautiful dark blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tassel hyacinth", + "Muscari comosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large beautiful Mediterranean species having sterile bluish-violet flowers with fringed corollas forming a tuft above the fertile flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Scilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in subfamily Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scilla", + "squill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old World plant of the genus Scilla having narrow basal leaves and pink or blue or white racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring squill", + "Scilla verna", + "sea onion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European scilla with small blue or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tofieldia", + "genus Tofieldia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial herbs of cool temperate regions; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false asphodel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Tofieldia having linear chiefly basal leaves and small spicate flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch asphodel", + "Tofieldia pusilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false asphodel having spikes of white flowers; of mountainous regions of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urginea", + "genus Urginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean liliaceous plants; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea squill", + "sea onion", + "squill", + "Urginea maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having dense spikes of small white flowers and yielding a bulb with medicinal properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulb of the sea squill, which is sliced, dried, and used as an expectorant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruscus", + "genus Ruscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of European evergreen shrubs; sometimes placed in family Asparagaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher's broom", + "Ruscus aculeatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ruscus aculeatus", + "pungitopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with stiff flattened stems resembling leaves (cladophylls); used for making brooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanthiaceae", + "family Melanthiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted: includes Aletris; Narthecium; Veratrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Narthecium", + "genus Narthecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog asphodels; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog asphodel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two herbaceous rushlike bog plants having small yellow flowers and grasslike leaves; north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European bog asphodel", + "Narthecium ossifragum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western Europe: Scandinavia to northern Spain and Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American bog asphodel", + "Narthecium americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of the eastern United States: New Jersey to South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veratrum", + "genus Veratrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of coarse poisonous perennial herbs; sometimes placed in subfamily Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellebore", + "false hellebore" + ], + "it": [ + "elleboro", + "rosa di natale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs of the lily family having thick toxic rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white hellebore", + "American hellebore", + "Indian poke", + "bugbane", + "Veratrum viride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant having large leaves and yellowish green flowers growing in racemes; yields a toxic alkaloid used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruscaceae", + "family Ruscaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tecophilaeacea", + "family Tecophilaeacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xerophyllum", + "genus Xerophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs having grasslike basal leaves: squaw grass; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squaw grass", + "bear grass", + "Xerophyllum tenax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western North America having woody rhizomes and tufts of stiff grasslike basal leaves and spikes of creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthorrhoeaceae", + "family Xanthorrhoeaceae", + "grass tree family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthorroea", + "genus Xanthorroea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass trees; sometimes placed in family Xanthorrhoeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass tree", + "Australian grass tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Australian evergreen perennials having short thick woody stems crowned by a tuft of grasslike foliage and yielding acaroid resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zigadenus", + "genus Zigadenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly North American poisonous plants; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death camas", + "zigadene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Zigadenus having glaucous leaves and terminal racemes of mostly white flowers; all are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkali grass", + "Zigadenus elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western North America having grasslike leaves and greenish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white camas", + "Zigadenus glaucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of eastern and central North America having creamy white flowers tinged with brown or purple; poisonous especially to grazing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison camas", + "Zigadenus nuttalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common perennial death camas; Tennessee to Kansas to Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grassy death camas", + "Zigadenus venenosus", + "Zigadenus venenosus gramineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western North America to Mexico; poisonous especially to grazing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trilliaceae", + "family Trilliaceae", + "trillium family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of herbs having flowers with 3 petals and 3 sepals; in some classification systems considered a subfamily of the Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Trillium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous perennial herbs; sometimes placed in family Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trillium", + "wood lily", + "wake-robin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any liliaceous plant of the genus Trillium having a whorl of three leaves at the top of the stem with a single three-petaled flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie wake-robin", + "prairie trillium", + "Trillium recurvatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trillium of central United States having dark purple sessile flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf-white trillium", + "snow trillium", + "early wake-robin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low perennial white-flowered trillium found in the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple trillium", + "red trillium", + "birthroot", + "Trillium erectum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trillium of eastern North America having malodorous pink to purple flowers and an astringent root used in folk medicine especially to ease childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red trillium", + "toadshade", + "sessile trillium", + "Trillium sessile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trillium of northeastern United States with sessile leaves and red or purple flowers having a pungent odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris", + "genus Paris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in subfamily Trilliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb Paris", + "Paris quadrifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Paris quadrifolia", + "uva di Volpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smilacaceae", + "subfamily Smilacaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smilax", + "genus Smilax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in Smilacaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarsaparilla" + ], + "it": [ + "salsapariglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various prickly climbing plants of the tropical American genus Smilax having aromatic roots and heart-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarsaparilla root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried root of any of various plants of the genus Smilax used as a flavoring agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullbrier", + "greenbrier", + "catbrier", + "horse brier", + "horse-brier", + "brier", + "briar", + "Smilax rotundifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very prickly woody vine of the eastern United States growing in tangled masses having tough round stems with shiny leathery leaves and small greenish flowers followed by clusters of inedible shiny black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough bindweed", + "Smilax aspera" + ], + "it": [ + "Smilax aspera", + "salsapariglia", + "stracciabrache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping or climbing evergreen having spiny zigzag stems with shiny leaves and racemes of pale-green flowers; Canary Islands to southern Europe and Ethiopia and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Convallariaceae", + "family Convallariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Convallaria", + "genus Convallaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: lily of the valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lily of the valley", + "May lily", + "Convallaria majalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Convallaria majalis", + "mughetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing perennial plant having usually two large oblong lanceolate leaves and a raceme of small fragrant nodding bell-shaped flowers followed by scarlet berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Clintonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clintonia", + "Clinton's lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any temperate liliaceous plant of the genus Clintonia having broad basal leaves and white or yellowish or purplish flowers followed by blue or black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red Clintonia", + "Andrew's clintonia", + "Clintonia andrewsiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with nearly leafless stalk topped by a cluster of red or reddish lavender flowers; California to Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow clintonia", + "heal all", + "Clintonia borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common woodland herb of temperate North America having yellow nodding flowers and small round blue fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen's cup", + "bride's bonnet", + "Clintonia uniflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with 1 or 2 white starlike flowers on short leafless stalks; Alaska to California and east to Oregon and Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liriope", + "genus Liriope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: lilyturf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilyturf", + "lily turf", + "Liriope muscari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic perennial tufted herb with grasslike evergreen foliage and clusters of dark mauve grapelike flowers; grown as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maianthemum", + "genus Maianthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: false lily of the valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false lily of the valley", + "Maianthemum canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small two-leaved herb of the northern United States and parts of Canada having racemes of small fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false lily of the valley", + "Maianthemum bifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Maianthemum bifolium", + "gramigna di Parnasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small white-flowered plant of western Europe to Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygonatum", + "genus Polygonatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in subfamily Convallariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solomon's-seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Polygonatum having paired drooping yellowish-green flowers and a thick rootstock with scars shaped like Solomon's seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great Solomon's-seal", + "Polygonatum biflorum", + "Polygonatum commutatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial herb with smooth foliage and drooping tubular greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uvulariaceae", + "subfamily Uvulariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uvularia", + "genus Uvularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial rhizomatous herb of southern and southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellwort", + "merry bells", + "wild oats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Uvularia having yellowish drooping bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawflower", + "cornflower", + "Uvularia grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of southern and southeastern United States grown for its yellow flowers that can be dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taccaceae", + "family Taccaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of tropical herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tacca", + "genus Tacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical plants with creeping rootstocks and small umbellate flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pia", + "Indian arrowroot", + "Tacca leontopetaloides", + "Tacca pinnatifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agavaceae", + "family Agavaceae", + "agave family", + "sisal family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical and xerophytic plants: includes Dracenaceae (Dracaenaceae); comprises plants that in some classifications are divided between the Amaryllidaceae and the Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agave", + "century plant", + "American aloe" + ], + "it": [ + "agave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American plants with basal rosettes of fibrous sword-shaped leaves and flowers in tall spikes; some cultivated for ornament or for fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Agave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Agavaceae; in some classifications considered a genus of Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American agave", + "Agave americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated American monocarpic plant with greenish-white flowers on a tall stalk; blooms only after ten to twenty years and then dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sisal", + "Agave sisalana" + ], + "it": [ + "sisal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican or West Indian plant with large fleshy leaves yielding a stiff fiber used in e.g. rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maguey", + "cantala", + "Agave cantala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Philippine plant yielding a hard fibre used in making coarse twine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maguey", + "Agave atrovirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican plant used especially for making pulque which is the source of the colorless Mexican liquor, mescal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agave tequilana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican plant used especially for making tequila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantala", + "Cebu maguey", + "manila maguey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard fiber used in making coarse twine; from Philippine agave plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordyline", + "genus Cordyline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic and Pacific trees or shrubs; fragments of the trunk will regrow to form whole plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ti", + "Cordyline terminalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with terminal tufts of elongated leaves used locally for thatching and clothing; thick sweet roots are used as food; tropical southeastern Asia, Australia and Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage tree", + "grass tree", + "Cordyline australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegant tree having either a single trunk or a branching trunk each with terminal clusters of long narrow leaves and large panicles of fragrant white, yellow or red flowers; New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracenaceae", + "subfamily Dracenaceae", + "Dracaenaceae", + "subfamily Dracaenaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two subfamilies to which some classification systems assign some members of the Agavaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dracaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical plants with branches ending in tufts of sword-shaped leaves; in some classifications considered a genus of Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dracaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agave that is often cultivated for its decorative foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon tree", + "Dracaena draco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tree of the Canary Islands; source of dragon's blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nolina", + "genus Nolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plants resembling yucca; found in southern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear grass", + "Nolina microcarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stemless plant with tufts of grasslike leaves and erect panicle of minute creamy white flowers; southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polianthes", + "genus Polianthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial tuberous herbs having lily-like flowers; Mexico; sometimes placed in family Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberose", + "Polianthes tuberosa" + ], + "it": [ + "tuberosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuberous Mexican herb having grasslike leaves and cultivated for its spikes of highly fragrant lily-like waxy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sansevieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical herbaceous perennial of the agave family; in some classifications considered a genus of Liliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sansevieria", + "bowstring hemp" + ], + "it": [ + "sansevieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown as a houseplant for its mottled fleshy sword-shaped leaves or as a source of fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African bowstring hemp", + "African hemp", + "Sansevieria guineensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowstring hemp of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceylon bowstring hemp", + "Sansevieria zeylanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having thick fibrous leaves transversely banded in light and dark green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother-in-law's tongue", + "snake plant", + "Sansevieria trifasciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stemless plant having narrow rigid leaves often cultivated as a houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowstring hemp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong fiber that resembles hemp; obtained from sansevieria and used for e.g. cordage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Yucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American plants with stiff lancelike leaves and spikes of white blossoms; sometimes considered a genus of Amaryllidaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yucca" + ], + "it": [ + "iucca", + "yucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen plants of the genus Yucca having usually tall stout stems and a terminal cluster of white flowers; warmer regions of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish bayonet", + "Yucca aloifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff yucca with a short trunk; found in the southern United States and tropical America; has rigid spine-tipped leaves and clusters of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish bayonet", + "Yucca baccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall yucca of the southwestern United States and Mexico having a woody stem and stiff swordlike pointed leaves and a large cluster of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joshua tree", + "Yucca brevifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large branched arborescent yucca of southwestern United States having short leaves and clustered greenish white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish dagger", + "Yucca carnerosana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arborescent yucca of southwestern United States and northern Mexico with sword-shaped leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapweed", + "soap-weed", + "soap tree", + "Yucca elata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall arborescent yucca of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adam's needle", + "Adam's needle-and-thread", + "spoonleaf yucca", + "needle palm", + "Yucca filamentosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yucca with long stiff leaves having filamentlike appendages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear grass", + "Yucca glauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yucca of west central United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish dagger", + "Yucca gloriosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yucca of southeastern United States similar to the Spanish bayonets but with shorter trunk and smoother leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear grass", + "Yucca smalliana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yucca of southern United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Our Lord's candle", + "Yucca whipplei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yucca of southwestern United States and Mexico with a tall spike of creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menyanthaceae", + "family Menyanthaceae", + "buckbean family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous family of marsh plants of order Gentianales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menyanthes", + "genus Menyanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the Menyanthaceae; one species: bogbeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water shamrock", + "buckbean", + "bogbean", + "bog myrtle", + "marsh trefoil", + "Menyanthes trifoliata" + ], + "it": [ + "Menyanthes trifoliata", + "trifoglio fibrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plant of Europe and America having racemes of white or purplish flowers and intensely bitter trifoliate leaves; often rooting at water margin and spreading across the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loganiaceae", + "family Loganiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous family of plants of order Gentianales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Logania", + "genus Logania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Loganiaceae; Australian and New Zealand shrubs sometimes cultivated for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Buddleia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or trees of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly bush", + "buddleia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrub having clusters of white or violet or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gelsemium", + "genus Gelsemium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen twining shrubs of Americas and southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow jasmine", + "yellow jessamine", + "Carolina jasmine", + "evening trumpet flower", + "Gelsemium sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous woody evergreen vine of southeastern United States having fragrant yellow funnel-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linaceae", + "family Linaceae", + "flax family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed family of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linum", + "genus Linum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbaceous plant genus of the family Linaceae with small sessile leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physostigma", + "genus Physostigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African woody vines: calabar beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calabar-bean vine", + "Physostigma venenosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African woody vine yielding calabar beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calabar bean", + "ordeal bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown highly poisonous seed of the calabar-bean vine; source of physostigmine and used in native witchcraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physostigmine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in treatment of Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesalpiniaceae", + "family Caesalpiniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny trees, shrubs, or perennial herbs, including the genera Caesalpinia, Cassia, Ceratonia, Bauhinia; commonly included in the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesalpinioideae", + "subfamily Caesalpinioideae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative name in some classification systems for the family Caesalpiniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesalpinia", + "genus Caesalpinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny tropical trees or shrubs; includes the small genus or subgenus Poinciana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonduc", + "bonduc tree", + "Caesalpinia bonduc", + "Caesalpinia bonducella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree with large prickly pods of seeds that resemble beans and are used for jewelry and rosaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divi-divi", + "Caesalpinia coriaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small thornless tree or shrub of tropical America whose seed pods are a source of tannin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divi-divi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twisted seed pods of the divi-divi tree; source of tannin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysore thorn", + "Caesalpinia decapetala", + "Caesalpinia sepiaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spreading thorny shrub of tropical Asia bearing large erect racemes of red-marked yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazilwood", + "peachwood", + "peach-wood", + "pernambuco wood", + "Caesalpinia echinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree with prickly trunk; its heavy red wood yields a red dye and is used for cabinetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazilwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy wood of various brazilwood trees; used for violin bows and as dyewoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazilian ironwood", + "Caesalpinia ferrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thornless tree yielding heavy wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird of paradise", + "poinciana", + "Caesalpinia gilliesii", + "Poinciana gilliesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical flowering shrub having bright orange or red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride of barbados", + "paradise flower", + "flamboyant tree", + "Caesalpinia pulcherrima", + "Poinciana pulcherrima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrub or small tree having showy yellow to orange-red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrocarpus", + "genus Acrocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of trees of Indonesia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle tree", + "Acrocarpus fraxinifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian timber tree with hard durable wood used especially for tea boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bauhinia", + "genus Bauhinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain ebony, orchid tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly flower", + "Bauhinia monandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of Dutch Guiana having clusters of pink flowers streaked with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain ebony", + "orchid tree", + "Bauhinia variegata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small East Indian tree having orchid-like flowers and hard dark wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachystegia", + "genus Brachystegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical African timber trees having pale golden heartwood uniformly striped with dark brown or black:" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "msasa", + "Brachystegia speciformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby African tree having compound leaves and racemes of small fragrant green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cassia", + "Cassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some genus Cassia species often classified as members of the genus Senna or genus Chamaecrista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassia" + ], + "it": [ + "cassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees or shrubs of the genus Cassia having pinnately compound leaves and usually yellow flowers followed by long seedpods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden shower tree", + "drumstick tree", + "purging cassia", + "pudding pipe tree", + "canafistola", + "canafistula", + "Cassia fistula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or semi-evergreen tree having scented sepia to yellow flowers in drooping racemes and pods whose pulp is used medicinally; tropical Asia and Central and South America and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink shower", + "pink shower tree", + "horse cassia", + "Cassia grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American semi-evergreen tree having erect racemes of pink or rose-colored flowers; used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow shower", + "Cassia javonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous ornamental hybrid of southeastern Asia and Hawaii having racemes of flowers ranging in color from cream-colored to orange and red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse cassia", + "Cassia roxburghii", + "Cassia marginata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree having long pods containing a black cathartic pulp used as a horse medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratonia", + "genus Ceratonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carobs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carob", + "carob tree", + "carob bean tree", + "algarroba", + "Ceratonia siliqua" + ], + "it": [ + "carrubo", + "carubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Mediterranean tree with edible pods; the biblical carob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carob", + "carob bean", + "algarroba bean", + "algarroba", + "locust bean", + "locust pod" + ], + "it": [ + "carruba", + "caruba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long pod containing small beans and sweetish edible pulp; used as animal feed and source of a chocolate substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercidium", + "genus Cercidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny shrubs or small trees sometimes placed in genus Parkinsonia: paloverde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paloverde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorny shrub of the genus Cercidium that grows in dry parts of the southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico; has smooth light green bark and racemes of yellow flowers and small leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaecrista", + "genus Chamaecrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs having sensitive leaves and suddenly dehiscing pods; some species placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partridge pea", + "sensitive pea", + "wild sensitive plant", + "Chamaecrista fasciculata", + "Cassia fasciculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American plant having leaflets somewhat sensitive to the touch; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delonix", + "genus Delonix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen or deciduous trees of tropical Africa and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal poinciana", + "flamboyant", + "flame tree", + "peacock flower", + "Delonix regia", + "Poinciana regia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy tropical tree or shrub native to Madagascar; widely planted in tropical regions for its immense racemes of scarlet and orange flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locust tree", + "locust" + ], + "it": [ + "robinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various hardwood trees of the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardwood from any of various locust trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gleditsia", + "genus Gleditsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous trees: honey locusts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water locust", + "swamp locust", + "Gleditsia aquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honey locust of swamps and bottomlands of southern United States having short oval pods; yields dark heavy wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey locust", + "Gleditsia triacanthos" + ], + "it": [ + "Gleditsia triacanthos", + "spino di Giuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall usually spiny North American tree having small greenish-white flowers in drooping racemes followed by long twisting seed pods; yields very hard durable reddish-brown wood; introduced to temperate Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnocladus", + "genus Gymnocladus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous trees of China and United States having paniculate flowers and thick pulpy pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky coffee tree", + "bonduc", + "chicot", + "Gymnocladus dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome tree of central and eastern North America having large bipinnate leaves and green-white flowers followed by large woody brown pods whose seeds are used as a coffee substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haematoxylum", + "genus Haematoxylum", + "Haematoxylon", + "genus Haematoxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American spiny bushy shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logwood", + "logwood tree", + "campeachy", + "bloodwood tree", + "Haematoxylum campechianum" + ], + "it": [ + "campeccio", + "campeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny shrub or small tree of Central America and West Indies having bipinnate leaves and racemes of small bright yellow flowers and yielding a hard brown or brownish-red heartwood used in preparing a black dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logwood" + ], + "it": [ + "campeccio", + "campeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hard brown to brownish-red heartwood of a logwood tree; used in preparing a purplish red dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkinsonia", + "genus Parkinsonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of spiny shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem thorn", + "horsebean", + "Parkinsonia aculeata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shrub or shrubby tree having sharp spines and pinnate leaves with small deciduous leaflets and sweet-scented racemose yellow-orange flowers; grown as ornamentals or hedging or emergency food for livestock; tropical America but naturalized in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palo verde", + "Parkinsonia florida", + "Cercidium floridum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely branched spiny tree of southwestern United States having showy yellow flowers and blue-green bark; sometimes placed in genus Cercidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petteria", + "genus Petteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Dalmatian laburnum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalmatian laburnum", + "Petteria ramentacea", + "Cytisus ramentaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect shrub having large trifoliate leaves and dense clusters of yellow flowers followed by poisonous seeds; Yugoslavia; sometimes placed in genus Cytisus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poinciana", + "subgenus Poinciana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small subgenus of ornamental tropical shrubs or trees; not recognized in some classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Senna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs and trees and herbs many of which are often classified as members of the genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senna" + ], + "it": [ + "sena", + "senna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Senna having pinnately compound leaves and showy usually yellow flowers; many are used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringworm bush", + "ringworm shrub", + "ringworm cassia", + "Senna alata", + "Cassia alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrub (especially of Americas) having yellow flowers and large leaves whose juice is used as a cure for ringworm and poisonous bites; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avaram", + "tanner's cassia", + "Senna auriculata", + "Cassia auriculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Indian shrub with vivid yellow flowers whose bark is used in tanning; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandria senna", + "Alexandrian senna", + "true senna", + "tinnevelly senna", + "Indian senna", + "Senna alexandrina", + "Cassia acutifolia", + "Cassia augustifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect shrub having racemes of tawny yellow flowers; the dried leaves are used medicinally as a cathartic; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild senna", + "Senna marilandica", + "Cassia marilandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sicklepod", + "Senna obtusifolia", + "Cassia tora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan tropical herb or subshrub with yellow flowers and slender curved pods; a weed; sometimes placed in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee senna", + "mogdad coffee", + "styptic weed", + "stinking weed", + "Senna occidentalis", + "Cassia occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very leafy malodorous tropical weedy shrub whose seeds have been used as an adulterant for coffee; sometimes classified in genus Cassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamarindus", + "genus Tamarindus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated tropical trees originally of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarind", + "tamarind tree", + "tamarindo", + "Tamarindus indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-lived tropical evergreen tree with a spreading crown and feathery evergreen foliage and fragrant flowers yielding hard yellowish wood and long pods with edible chocolate-colored acidic pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papilionaceae", + "family Papilionacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leguminous plants whose flowers have butterfly-shaped corollas; commonly included in the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papilionoideae", + "subfamily Papilionoideae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative name used in some classification systems for the family Papilionaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American herbs or shrubs usually growing in dry sunny habitats on prairies and hillsides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Amorpha having odd-pinnate leaves and purplish spicate flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadplant", + "lead plant", + "Amorpha canescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of sandy woodlands and stream banks of western United States having hoary pinnate flowers and dull-colored racemose flowers; thought to indicate the presence of lead ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false indigo", + "bastard indigo", + "Amorpha californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erect to spreading hairy shrub of the Pacific coast of the United States having racemes of red to indigo flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false indigo", + "bastard indigo", + "Amorpha fruticosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Amorpha fruticosa", + "indaco bastardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dense shrub of moist riverbanks and flood plains of the eastern United States having attractive fragrant foliage and dense racemes of dark purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphicarpaea", + "genus Amphicarpaea", + "Amphicarpa", + "genus Amphicarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small genus of twining vines of North America and Asia: hog peanut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog peanut", + "wild peanut", + "Amphicarpaea bracteata", + "Amphicarpa bracteata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vine widely distributed in eastern North America producing racemes of purple to maroon flowers and abundant (usually subterranean) edible one-seeded pods resembling peanuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anagyris", + "genus Anagyris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small genus of shrubs of southern Europe having backward curving seed pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean trefoil", + "stinking bean trefoil", + "Anagyris foetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with trifoliate leaves and yellow flowers followed by backward curving seed pods; leaves foetid when crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andira", + "genus Andira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen trees of tropical America and western Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelim", + "andelmin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American trees of the genus Andira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage bark", + "cabbage-bark tree", + "cabbage tree", + "Andira inermis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree with shaggy unpleasant-smelling toxic bark and yielding strong durable wood; bark and seeds used as a purgative and vermifuge and narcotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthyllis", + "genus Anthyllis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Mediterranean herbs and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter's beard", + "silverbush", + "silver-bush", + "Anthyllis barba-jovis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery hairy European shrub with evergreen foliage and pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney vetch", + "Anthyllis vulneraria" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthyllis vulneraria", + "vulneraria", + "vulneraria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apios", + "genus Apios" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining perennial North American plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundnut", + "groundnut vine", + "Indian potato", + "potato bean", + "wild bean", + "Apios americana", + "Apios tuberosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Apios americana", + "glicine tuberoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American vine with fragrant blossoms and edible tubers; important food crop of Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspalathus", + "genus Aspalathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African heathlike shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rooibos", + "Aspalathus linearis", + "Aspalathus cedcarbergensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African shrub having flat acuminate leaves and yellow flowers; leaves are aromatic when dried and used to make an herbal tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astragalus", + "genus Astragalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of north temperate regions; largest genus in the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk vetch", + "milk-vetch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Astragalus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild licorice", + "wild liquorice", + "Astragalus glycyphyllos" + ], + "it": [ + "Astragalus glycyphyllos", + "astragalo falsa-liquerizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine milk vetch", + "Astragalus alpinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of mountainous areas of Eurasia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple milk vetch", + "Astragalus danicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southern and western Europe having dense racemes of purple or violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baphia", + "genus Baphia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs and lianas and trees of Africa and Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camwood", + "African sandalwood", + "Baphia nitida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby African tree with hard wood used as a dyewood yielding a red dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baptisia", + "genus Baptisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American plants with showy flowers and an inflated pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild indigo", + "false indigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Baptisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue false indigo", + "Baptisia australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild indigo of the eastern United States having racemes of blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white false indigo", + "Baptisia lactea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or spreading herb having racemes of creamy white flowers; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigo broom", + "horsefly weed", + "rattle weed", + "Baptisia tinctoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched erect herb with bright yellow flowers; distributed from Massachusetts to Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Butea", + "genus Butea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of East Indian trees or shrubs: dhak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhak", + "dak", + "palas", + "Butea frondosa", + "Butea monosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree bearing a profusion of intense vermilion velvet-textured blooms and yielding a yellow dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cajanus", + "genus Cajanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect densely branched shrubby perennials of Old World tropics; naturalized in other warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon pea", + "pigeon-pea plant", + "cajan pea", + "catjang pea", + "red gram", + "dhal", + "dahl", + "Cajanus cajan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical woody herb with showy yellow flowers and flat pods; much cultivated in the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canavalia", + "genus Canavalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs or woody vines of mainly American tropics and subtropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack bean", + "wonder bean", + "giant stock bean", + "Canavalia ensiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual semi-erect bushy plant of tropical South America bearing long pods with white seeds grown especially for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword bean", + "Canavalia gladiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining tropical Old World plant bearing long pods usually with red or brown beans; long cultivated in Orient for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Caragana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Asiatic deciduous shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea tree", + "caragana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Caragana having even-pinnate leaves and mostly yellow flowers followed by seeds in a linear pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian pea tree", + "Caragana arborescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large spiny shrub of eastern Asia having clusters of yellow flowers; often cultivated in shelterbelts and hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese pea tree", + "Caragana sinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub with dark-green glossy foliage and solitary pale yellow flowers; northern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castanospermum", + "genus Castanospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosid dicot genus of the subfamily Papilionoideae having one species: Moreton Bay chestnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moreton Bay chestnut", + "Australian chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree having pinnate leaves and orange-yellow flowers followed by large woody pods containing 3 or 4 seeds that resemble chestnuts; yields dark strong wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centrosema", + "genus Centrosema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of chiefly tropical American vines of the family Leguminosae having trifoliate leaves and large flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly pea", + "Centrosema virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-flowered weakly twining or prostrate vine of New Jersey to tropical eastern North America, sometimes cultivated for its purple and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercis", + "genus Cercis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs and trees of eastern Asia, southern Europe and the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judas tree", + "love tree", + "Circis siliquastrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of the eastern Mediterranean having abundant purplish-red flowers growing on old wood directly from stems and appearing before the leaves: widely cultivated in mild regions; wood valuable for veneers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redbud", + "Cercis canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of eastern North America similar to the Judas tree having usually pink flowers; found in damp sheltered underwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western redbud", + "California redbud", + "Cercis occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of western United States having pink or crimson flowers; often forms thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaecytisus", + "genus Chamaecytisus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small late-flowering trees or subshrubs having yellow to red flowers and leathery or woody pods; often especially formerly included in genus Cytisus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagasaste", + "Chamaecytisus palmensis", + "Cytesis proliferus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of Canary Islands having bristle-tipped oblanceolate leaves; used as cattle fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chordospartium", + "genus Chordospartium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "2 species of small New Zealand trees: weeping tree broom; endangered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeping tree broom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of New Zealand having weeping branches and racemes of white to violet flowers followed by woolly indehiscent two-seeded pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chorizema", + "genus Chorizema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian twining vines and small shrubs: flame peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small shrubs or twining vines having entire or lobed leaves and racemes of yellow to orange-red flowers; Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicer", + "genus Cicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chickpea plant; Asiatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickpea", + "chickpea plant", + "Egyptian pea", + "Cicer arietinum" + ], + "it": [ + "cece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickpea", + "garbanzo" + ], + "it": [ + "cece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed of the chickpea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cladrastis", + "genus Cladrastis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky yellowwood", + "gopherwood", + "Cladrastis lutea", + "Cladrastis kentukea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small handsome roundheaded deciduous tree having showy white flowers in terminal clusters and heavy hardwood yielding yellow dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Clianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of semi-prostrate Australasian shrubs or vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glory pea", + "clianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Clianthus having compound leaves and pea-like red flowers in drooping racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert pea", + "Sturt pea", + "Sturt's desert pea", + "Clianthus formosus", + "Clianthus speciosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprawling shrubby perennial noted for its scarlet black-marked flowers; widely distributed in dry parts of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parrot's beak", + "parrot's bill", + "Clianthus puniceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub with scarlet to white clawlike or beaklike flowers; New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitoria", + "genus Clitoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical shrubs or vines having pinnate leaves and large axillary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly pea", + "Clitoria mariana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-flowered wild twining vine of southeastern and central United States having pale blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue pea", + "butterfly pea", + "Clitoria turnatea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vine of tropical Asia having pinnate leaves and bright blue flowers with yellow centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Codariocalyx", + "genus Codariocalyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for plants usually included in genus Desmodium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraph plant", + "semaphore plant", + "Codariocalyx motorius", + "Desmodium motorium", + "Desmodium gyrans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect tropical Asian shrub whose small lateral leaflets rotate on their axes and jerk up and down under the influence of sunshine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colutea", + "genus Colutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Eurasian shrubs with yellow flowers and bladdery pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder senna", + "Colutea arborescens" + ], + "it": [ + "Colutea arborescens", + "vesicaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered European shrub cultivated for its succession of yellow flowers and very inflated bladdery pods and as a source of wildlife food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coronilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World shrubs and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Coronilla having purple or pink or yellow flowers in long axillary heads or umbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axseed", + "crown vetch", + "Coronilla varia" + ], + "it": [ + "Coronilla varia", + "cornetta ginestrina", + "vecciarini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb resembling vetch; naturalized in the eastern United States; having umbels of pink-and-white flowers and sharp-angled pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Crotalaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of herbs with simple leaves and racemes of yellow flowers; mainly of tropical Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crotalaria", + "rattlebox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American rattlebox", + "Crotalaria sagitallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian rattlebox", + "Crotalaria spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyamopsis", + "genus Cyamopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of annual usually hairy herbs of tropical Africa and Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guar", + "cluster bean", + "Cyamopsis tetragonolobus", + "Cyamopsis psoraloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cytisus", + "genus Cytisus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of stiff or spiny evergreen or deciduous Old World shrubs: broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom" + ], + "it": [ + "ginestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs of the genera Cytisus or Genista or Spartium having long slender branches and racemes of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white broom", + "white Spanish broom", + "Cytisus albus", + "Cytisus multiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low European broom having trifoliate leaves and yellowish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common broom", + "Scotch broom", + "green broom", + "Cytisus scoparius" + ], + "it": [ + "Cytisus scoparius", + "citiso scopario", + "ginestra dei carbonai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous erect spreading broom native to western Europe; widely cultivated for its rich yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witches' broom", + "witch broom", + "hexenbesen", + "staghead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal tufted growth of small branches on a tree or shrub caused by fungi or insects or other physiological disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalbergia", + "genus Dalbergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical trees having pinnate leaves and paniculate flowers and cultivated commercially for their dramatically grained and colored timbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosewood", + "rosewood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of those hardwood trees of the genus Dalbergia that yield rosewood--valuable cabinet woods of a dark red or purplish color streaked and variegated with black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosewood" + ], + "it": [ + "palissandro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard dark reddish wood of a rosewood tree having a strongly marked grain; used in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian blackwood", + "East Indian rosewood", + "East India rosewood", + "Indian rosewood", + "Dalbergia latifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree having a useful dark purple wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sissoo", + "sissu", + "sisham", + "Dalbergia sissoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree whose leaves are used for fodder; yields a compact dark brown durable timber used in shipbuilding and making railroad ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingwood", + "kingwood tree", + "Dalbergia cearensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian tree yielding a handsome cabinet wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome violet-streaked wood of the kingwood tree; used especially in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian rosewood", + "caviuna wood", + "jacaranda", + "Dalbergia nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important Brazilian timber tree yielding a heavy hard dark-colored wood streaked with black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honduras rosewood", + "Dalbergia stevensonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Central American tree yielding a valuable dark streaked rosewood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocobolo", + "Dalbergia retusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valuable timber tree of tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark red hardwood derived from the cocobolo and used in making musical instruments e.g. clarinets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwood", + "blackwood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hardwood trees yielding very dark-colored wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very dark wood of any of several blackwood trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalea", + "genus Dalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indigo bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke tree", + "Dalea spinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-green shrub of desert regions of southwestern United States and Mexico having sparse foliage and terminal spikes of bluish violet flowers; locally important as source of a light-colored honey of excellent flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daviesia", + "genus Daviesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australasian shrubs and subshrubs having small yellow or purple flowers followed by short triangular pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several spiny shrubs of the genus Daviesia having yellow flowers and triangular seeds; Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Derris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World tropical shrubs and woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually woody vines of the genus Derris of tropical Asia whose roots yield the insecticide rotenone; several are sources of native fish and arrow poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derris root", + "tuba root", + "Derris elliptica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vine having bright green leaves and racemes of rose-tinted white flowers; the swollen roots contain rotenone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmanthus", + "genus Desmanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American herbs or shrubs with sensitive pinnate leaves and small whitish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie mimosa", + "prickle-weed", + "Desmanthus ilinoensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmodium", + "genus Desmodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beggarweed; tick trefoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick trefoil", + "beggar lice", + "beggar's lice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical and subtropical plants having trifoliate leaves and rough sticky pod sections or loments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggarweed", + "Desmodium tortuosum", + "Desmodium purpureum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian forage plant cultivated in southern United States as forage and to improve soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipogon", + "genus Dipogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Australian pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian pea", + "Dipogon lignosus", + "Dolichos lignosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African evergreen partly woody vine grown for its clusters of rosy purple flowers followed by edible pods like snap beans; also grown as green manure; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dolichos", + "genus Dolichos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly tropical vines often placed in genera Dipogon or Lablab or Macrotyloma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Erythrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of attractive tropical shrubs or trees with usually red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral tree", + "erythrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs or shrubby trees of the genus Erythrina having trifoliate leaves and racemes of scarlet to coral red flowers and black seeds; cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffir boom", + "Cape kafferboom", + "Erythrina caffra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small semi-evergreen broad-spreading tree of eastern South Africa with orange-scarlet flowers and small coral-red seeds; yields a light soft wood used for fence posts or shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral bean tree", + "Erythrina corallodendrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub having racemes of deep red flowers and black-spotted red seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceibo", + "crybaby tree", + "cry-baby tree", + "common coral tree", + "Erythrina crista-galli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American spiny tree with dark crimson and scarlet flowers solitary or clustered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffir boom", + "Transvaal kafferboom", + "Erythrina lysistemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small semi-evergreen tree of South Africa having dense clusters of clear scarlet flowers and red seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian coral tree", + "Erythrina variegata", + "Erythrina Indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized thorny tree of tropical Asia and northern Australia having dense clusters of scarlet or crimson flowers and black seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork tree", + "Erythrina vespertilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prickly Australian coral tree having soft spongy wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galega", + "genus Galega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Eurasian herbs: goat's rue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat's rue", + "goat rue", + "Galega officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Galega officinalis", + "avanese", + "capraggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gastrolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian evergreen shrubs poisonous to livestock: poison bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison bush", + "poison pea", + "gastrolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Australian evergreen shrubs of the genus Gastrolobium having whorled compound leaves poisonous to livestock and showy yellow to deep reddish-orange flowers followed by two-seeded pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genista", + "genus Genista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly deciduous shrubs or small trees of Mediterranean area and western Asia: broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom tree", + "needle furze", + "petty whin", + "Genista anglica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prickly yellow-flowered shrub of the moors of New England and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish broom", + "Spanish gorse", + "Genista hispanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect shrub of southwestern Europe having racemes of golden yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodwaxen", + "dyer's greenweed", + "dyer's-broom", + "dyeweed", + "greenweed", + "whin", + "woadwaxen", + "Genista tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Genista tinctoria", + "ginestra minore", + "ginestrella", + "ginestrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Eurasian shrub having clusters of yellow flowers that yield a dye; common as a weed in Britain and the United States; sometimes grown as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geoffroea", + "genus Geoffroea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs or small trees of tropical and subtropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chanar", + "chanal", + "Geoffroea decorticans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny shrub or small tree common in central Argentina having small orange or yellow flowers followed by edible berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gliricidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low-branching profusely flowering trees of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gliricidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small deciduous trees valued for their dark wood and dense racemes of nectar-rich pink flowers grown in great profusion on arching branches; roots and bark and leaves and seeds are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glycine", + "genus Glycine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic erect or sprawling herbs: soya bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soy", + "soya", + "soybean", + "soya bean", + "soybean plant", + "soja", + "soja bean", + "Glycine max" + ], + "it": [ + "seme di soia", + "soia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soy", + "soybean", + "soya bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of oil; used for forage and soil improvement and as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glycyrrhiza", + "genus Glycyrrhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sticky perennial Eurasian herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licorice", + "liquorice", + "Glycyrrhiza glabra" + ], + "it": [ + "Glycyrrhiza glabra", + "liquirizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild licorice", + "wild liquorice", + "American licorice", + "American liquorice", + "Glycyrrhiza lepidota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licorice root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root of licorice used in flavoring e.g. candy and liqueurs and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halimodendron", + "genus Halimodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: salt tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt tree", + "Halimodendron halodendron", + "Halimodendron argenteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny shrub of the Caspian salt plains and Siberia having elegant silvery, downy young foliage and mildly fragrant pink-purple blooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hardenbergia", + "genus Hardenbergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian woody vines with small violet flowers; closely related to genus Kennedia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Australia coral pea", + "Hardenbergia comnptoniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous climber of the forests of western Australia; grown for their dense racemes of attractive bright rose-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hedysarum", + "genus Hedysarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet vetch", + "Hedysarum boreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of western United States having racemes of pink to purple flowers followed by flat pods that separate into nearly orbicular joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French honeysuckle", + "sulla", + "Hedysarum coronarium" + ], + "it": [ + "Hedysarum coronarium", + "sulla comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southern Europe cultivated for forage and for its nectar-rich pink flowers that make it an important honey crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippocrepis", + "genus Hippocrepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "species of Old World herbs or subshrubs: horseshoe vetch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe vetch", + "Hippocrepis comosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippocrepis comosa", + "sferracavallo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European woody perennial with yellow umbellate flowers followed by flattened pods that separate into horseshoe-shaped joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hovea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian evergreen shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hovea", + "purple pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several attractive evergreen shrubs of Australia grown for their glossy deep green foliage and flowers in rich blues and intense violets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indigofera", + "genus Indigofera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical herbs and shrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and spurred flowers in long racemes or spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigo", + "indigo plant", + "Indigofera tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "anile", + "indaco", + "indaco bastardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous subshrub of southeastern Asia having pinnate leaves and clusters of red or purple flowers; a source of indigo dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anil", + "Indigofera suffruticosa", + "Indigofera anil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of West Indies and South America that is a source of indigo dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacksonia", + "genus Jacksonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of yellow-flowered Australian unarmed or spiny shrubs without true leaves but having leaflike stems or branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennedia", + "genus Kennedia", + "Kennedya", + "genus Kennedya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian woody vines having showy red or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Australian climbing plants of the genus Kennedia having scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral vine", + "Kennedia coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate or twining woody vine with small leathery leaves and umbels of red flowers; Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet runner", + "running postman", + "Kennedia prostrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy trailing or prostrate western Australian vine with bright scarlet-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lablab", + "genus Lablab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: hyacinth bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyacinth bean", + "bonavist", + "Indian bean", + "Egyptian bean", + "Lablab purpureus", + "Dolichos lablab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial twining vine of Old World tropics having trifoliate leaves and racemes of fragrant purple pea-like flowers followed by maroon pods of edible seeds; grown as an ornamental and as a vegetable on the Indian subcontinent; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laburnum", + "genus Laburnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowering shrubs or trees having bright yellow flowers; all parts of the plant are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch laburnum", + "Alpine golden chain", + "Laburnum alpinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Laburnum alpinum", + "maggiociondolo alpino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental shrub or tree of the genus Laburnum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common laburnum", + "golden chain", + "golden rain", + "Laburnum anagyroides" + ], + "it": [ + "Laburnum anagyroides", + "avorniello", + "cantamaggio", + "maggiociondolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental shrub or tree of the genus Laburnum; often cultivated for Easter decorations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lathyrus", + "genus Lathyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of climbing herbs of Old World and temperate North and South America: vetchling; wild pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vetchling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small plants of the genus Lathyrus; climb usually by means of tendrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singletary pea", + "Caley pea", + "rough pea", + "wild winterpea", + "Lathyrus hirsutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak-stemmed winter annual native to Mediterranean region for long established in southern United States; cultivated as a cover and pasture crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "everlasting pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several perennial vines of the genus Lathyrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad-leaved everlasting pea", + "perennial pea", + "Lathyrus latifolius" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus latifolius", + "cicerchia a foglie larghe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial climber of central and southern Europe having purple or pink or white flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach pea", + "sea pea", + "Lathyrus maritimus", + "Lathyrus japonicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild pea of seashores of north temperate zone having tough roots and purple flowers and useful as a sand binder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black pea", + "Lathyrus niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus niger", + "cicerchia nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of Europe and North Africa; foliage turns black in drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass vetch", + "grass vetchling", + "Lathyrus nissolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus nissolia", + "cicerchia semplice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual European vetch with red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet pea", + "sweetpea", + "Lathyrus odoratus" + ], + "it": [ + "pisello odoroso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing garden plant having fragrant pastel-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh pea", + "Lathyrus palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrambling perennial of damp or marshy areas of Eurasia and North America with purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common vetchling", + "meadow pea", + "yellow vetchling", + "Lathyrus pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus pratensis", + "cicerchia dei prati", + "erba galletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrambling perennial Eurasian wild pea having yellowish flowers and compressed seed pods; cultivated for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass pea", + "Indian pea", + "khesari", + "Lathyrus sativus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus sativus", + "cece nero", + "cicerchia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual grown for forage; seeds used for food in India and for stock elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride of California", + "Lathyrus splendens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby California perennial having large pink or violet flowers; cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat pea", + "narrow-leaved everlasting pea", + "Lathyrus sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus sylvestris", + "cicerchia silvestre", + "cicerchione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial with mottled flowers of purple and pink; sometimes cultivated for fodder or as green manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tangier pea", + "Tangier peavine", + "Lalthyrus tingitanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North African annual resembling the sweet pea having showy but odorless flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath pea", + "earth-nut pea", + "earthnut pea", + "tuberous vetch", + "Lathyrus tuberosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus tuberosus", + "cicerchia tuberosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb bearing small tubers used for food and in Scotland to flavor whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring vetchling", + "spring vetch", + "Lathyrus vernus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lathyrus vernus", + "cicerchia primaticcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy European perennial having nodding racemose violet-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lespedeza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs or herbs of tropical Asia and Australia and the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush clover", + "lespedeza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby or herbaceous plants widely used for forage, soil improvement, and especially hay in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicolor lespediza", + "ezo-yama-hagi", + "Lespedeza bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian shrub having conspicuous racemose rose-purple flowers widely used as an ornamental and in erosion control and as a source of feed for wild birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japanese clover", + "japan clover", + "jap clover", + "Lespedeza striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual of tropical Asia naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean lespedeza", + "Lespedeza stipulacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual native to Korea but widely cultivated for forage and hay in hot dry regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sericea lespedeza", + "Lespedeza sericea", + "Lespedeza cuneata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial widely planted as for forage and as hay crop especially on poor land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lens", + "genus Lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small erect or climbing herbs with pinnate leaves and small inconspicuous white flowers and small flattened pods: lentils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lentil", + "lentil plant", + "Lens culinaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Lens culinaris", + "lenticchia", + "lenticchia comune", + "lente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lentil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit or seed of a lentil plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lonchocarpus", + "genus Lonchocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly tropical American shrubs and trees having pinnate leaves and red or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American woody plants of the genus Lonchocarpus whose roots are used locally as a fish poison and commercially as a source of rotenone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lotus", + "genus Lotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie bird's-foot trefoil", + "compass plant", + "prairie lotus", + "prairie trefoil", + "Lotus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American annual with red or rose-colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral gem", + "Lotus berthelotii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing much-branched perennial of Canary Islands having orange-red to scarlet or purple flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's foot trefoil", + "bird's foot clover", + "babies' slippers", + "bacon and eggs", + "Lotus corniculatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lotus corniculatus", + "ginestrino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European forage plant having claw-shaped pods introduced in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged pea", + "asparagus pea", + "Lotus tetragonolobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lupinus", + "genus Lupinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs or shrubs: lupin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lupine", + "lupin" + ], + "it": [ + "lupino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Lupinus; bearing erect spikes of usually purplish-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white lupine", + "field lupine", + "wolf bean", + "Egyptian lupine", + "Lupinus albus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lupinus albus", + "lupino bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered Eurasian herb widely cultivated for forage and erosion control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree lupine", + "Lupinus arboreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of the Pacific coast of the United States having showy yellow or blue flowers; naturalized in Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow lupine", + "Lupinus luteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered European lupine cultivated for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild lupine", + "sundial lupine", + "Indian beet", + "old-maid's bonnet", + "Lupinus perennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout perennial of eastern and central North America having palmate leaves and showy racemose blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluebonnet", + "buffalo clover", + "Texas bluebonnet", + "Lupinus subcarnosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing annual herb of southwestern United States (Texas) having silky foliage and blue flowers; a leading cause of livestock poisoning in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas bluebonnet", + "Lupinus texensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely resembles Lupinus subcarnosus; southwestern United States (Texas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrotyloma", + "genus Macrotyloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial vines of Africa and India and Australia; plants often placed in genus Dolichos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse gram", + "horse grain", + "poor man's pulse", + "Macrotyloma uniflorum", + "Dolichos biflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medicago", + "genus Medicago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs that resemble clover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medic", + "medick", + "trefoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon trefoil", + "Medicago arborea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickle alfalfa", + "sickle lucerne", + "sickle medick", + "Medicago falcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvary clover", + "Medicago intertexta", + "Medicago echinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black medick", + "hop clover", + "yellow trefoil", + "nonesuch clover", + "Medicago lupulina" + ], + "it": [ + "Medicago lupulina", + "erba-medica lupulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alfalfa", + "lucerne", + "Medicago sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Medicago sativa", + "erba-medica", + "erba medica", + "erba spagna", + "medica", + "medichessa", + "spagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Millettia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of trees and shrubs of the Old World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millettia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical trees or shrubs yielding showy streaked dark reddish or chocolate-colored wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mucuna", + "Stizolobium", + "genus Stizolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical herbs and woody vines having trifoliate leaves and showy flowers in axillary clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several erect or climbing woody plants of the genus Mucuna; widespread in tropics of both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowage", + "velvet bean", + "Bengal bean", + "Benghal bean", + "Florida bean", + "Mucuna pruriens utilis", + "Mucuna deeringiana", + "Mucuna aterrima", + "Stizolobium deeringiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the annual woody vine of Asia having long clusters of purplish flowers and densely hairy pods; cultivated in southern United States for green manure and grazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pods of the cowage plant or the stinging hairs covering them; used as a vermifuge when mixed with e.g. honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myroxylon", + "genus Myroxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American trees having pinnate leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolu tree", + "tolu balsam tree", + "Myroxylon balsamum", + "Myroxylon toluiferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tropical American tree yielding tolu balsam and a fragrant hard wood used for high-grade furniture and cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian balsam", + "Myroxylon pereirae", + "Myroxylon balsamum pereirae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of South and Central America yielding an aromatic balsam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolu", + "balsam of tolu", + "tolu balsam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic yellowish brown balsam from the tolu balsam tree used especially in cough syrups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam of Peru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown syrupy balsam from the Peruvian balsam tree used especially in dressing wounds and treating certain skin diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onobrychis", + "genus Onobrychis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World herbs having pinnate leaves and pink or whites racemose flowers followed by flat unjointed pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sainfoin", + "sanfoin", + "holy clover", + "esparcet", + "Onobrychis viciifolia", + "Onobrychis viciaefolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Onobrychis viciifolia", + "crocetta", + "fieno santo", + "lupinella", + "lupinella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ononis", + "genus Ononis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of European subshrubs or herbs having pink or purple or yellow solitary or clustered flowers: restharrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restharrow", + "rest-harrow", + "Ononis repens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European woody plant having pink flowers and unifoliate leaves and long tough roots; spreads by underground runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restharrow", + "rest-harrow", + "Ononis spinosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Ononis spinosa", + "arrestabue", + "ononide spinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant having loose racemes of pink or purple flowers and spiny stems and tough roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ormosia", + "genus Ormosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical shrubs and trees having usually odd-pinnate leaves with large leaflets and pink to reddish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necklace tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the genus Ormosia having seeds used as beads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bead tree", + "jumby bean", + "jumby tree", + "Ormosia monosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of West Indies and northeastern Venezuela having large oblong pointed leaflets and panicles of purple flowers; seeds are black or scarlet with black spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumby bead", + "jumbie bead", + "Ormosia coarctata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree similar to Ormosia monosperma but larger and having smaller leaflets and smaller seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxytropis", + "genus Oxytropis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely-distributed genus of evergreen shrubs or subshrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and racemose or spicate flowers each having a pea-like corolla with a clawed petal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locoweed", + "crazyweed", + "crazy weed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple locoweed", + "purple loco", + "Oxytropis lambertii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted locoweed of southwestern United States having purple or pink to white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbleweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant that breaks away from its roots in autumn and is driven by the wind as a light rolling mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pachyrhizus", + "genus Pachyrhizus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical vines having tuberous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam bean", + "Pachyrhizus erosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Central American twining plant with edible roots and pods; large tubers are eaten raw or cooked especially when young and young pods must be thoroughly cooked; pods and seeds also yield rotenone and oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam bean", + "potato bean", + "Pachyrhizus tuberosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining plant of Amazon basin having large edible roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parochetus", + "genus Parochetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: shamrock pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamrock pea", + "Parochetus communis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaseolus", + "genus Phaseolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of warm regions including most American beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean", + "bean plant" + ], + "it": [ + "fagiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bean plant whose bushy growth needs no supports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climbing bean plant that will climb a wall or tree or trellis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common bean", + "common bean plant", + "Phaseolus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Phaseolus vulgaris", + "fagiolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common annual twining or bushy bean plant grown for its edible seeds or pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney bean", + "frijol", + "frijole" + ], + "it": [ + "fagiolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common bean plant grown for the beans rather than the pods (especially a variety with large red kidney-shaped beans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green bean" + ], + "it": [ + "fagiolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common bean plant cultivated for its slender green edible pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haricot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French variety of green bean plant bearing light-colored beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common bean plant grown for its edible golden pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet runner", + "scarlet runner bean", + "Dutch case-knife bean", + "runner bean", + "Phaseolus coccineus", + "Phaseolus multiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American bean with red flowers and mottled black beans similar to Phaseolus vulgaris but perennial; a preferred food bean in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell bean", + "shell bean plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bean plant grown primarily for its edible seed rather than its pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lima bean", + "lima bean plant", + "Phaseolus limensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bush or tall-growing bean plant having large flat edible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieva bean", + "butter bean", + "butter-bean plant", + "lima bean", + "Phaseolus lunatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bush bean plant cultivated especially in southern United States having small flat edible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tepary bean", + "Phaseolus acutifolius latifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining plant of southwestern United States and Mexico having roundish white or yellow or brown or black beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pickeringia", + "genus Pickeringia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: chaparral pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaparral pea", + "stingaree-bush", + "Pickeringia montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny evergreen xerophytic shrub having showy rose and purple flowers and forming dense thickets; of dry rocky mountain slopes of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piscidia", + "genus Piscidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubs or small trees having indehiscent pods with black seeds; roots and bark yield fish poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica dogwood", + "fish fuddle", + "Piscidia piscipula", + "Piscidia erythrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of West Indies and Florida having large odd-pinnate leaves and panicles of red-striped purple to white flowers followed by decorative curly winged seedpods; yields fish poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisum", + "genus Pisum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of variable annual Eurasian vines: peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea", + "pea plant" + ], + "it": [ + "pisello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leguminous plant of the genus Pisum with small white flowers and long green pods containing edible green seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit or seed of a pea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden pea", + "garden pea plant", + "common pea", + "Pisum sativum" + ], + "it": [ + "Pisum sativum", + "pisello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant producing peas usually eaten fresh rather than dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flattened to cylindric inflated multi-seeded fruit of the common pea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible-pod pea", + "edible-podded pea", + "Pisum sativum macrocarpon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of pea plant producing peas having soft thick edible pods lacking the fibrous inner lining of the common pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow pea", + "sugar pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of pea plant producing peas having thin flat edible pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar snap pea", + "snap pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of pea plant producing peas having crisp rounded edible pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pea", + "field-pea plant", + "Austrian winter pea", + "Pisum sativum arvense", + "Pisum arvense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of pea plant native to the Mediterranean region and North Africa and widely grown especially for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the field pea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platylobium", + "genus Platylobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian evergreen leguminous shrubs or subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat pea", + "Platylobium formosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub having almost heart-shaped foliage and bright yellow pea-like flowers followed by flat pods with flat wings; Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common flat pea", + "native holly", + "Playlobium obtusangulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low spreading evergreen shrub of southern Australia having triangular to somewhat heart-shaped foliage and orange-yellow flowers followed by flat winged pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platymiscium", + "genus Platymiscium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American trees: quira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American trees some yielding economically important timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roble", + "Platymiscium trinitatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of Trinidad and Guyana having odd-pinnate leaves and violet-scented axillary racemes of yellow flowers and long smooth pods; grown as a specimen in parks and large gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama redwood tree", + "Panama redwood", + "Platymiscium pinnatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large erect shrub of Colombia having large odd-pinnate leaves with large leaflets and axillary racemes of fragrant yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama redwood", + "quira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard heavy red wood of a quira tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podalyria", + "genus Podalyria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African leguminous shrubs often placed in genus Sophora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pongamia", + "genus Pongamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Indian beech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian beech", + "Pongamia glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Asiatic tree having glossy pinnate leaves and racemose creamy-white scented flowers; used as a shade tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psophocarpus", + "genus Psophocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "species of tropical Asian and African climbing herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged bean", + "winged pea", + "goa bean", + "goa bean vine", + "Manila bean", + "Psophocarpus tetragonolobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuberous twining annual vine bearing clusters of purplish flowers and pods with four jagged wings; Old World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psoralea", + "genus Psoralea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of herbs or shrubs with glandular compound leaves and spicate or racemose purple or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadroot", + "Indian breadroot", + "pomme blanche", + "pomme de prairie", + "Psoralea esculenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterocarpus", + "genus Pterocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical trees or climbers having usually broadly winged pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodwood tree", + "kiaat", + "Pterocarpus angolensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous South African tree having large odd-pinnate leaves and profuse fragrant orange-yellow flowers; yields a red juice and heavy strong durable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padauk", + "padouk", + "amboyna", + "Pterocarpus indicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree native to southeastern Asia having reddish wood with a mottled or striped black grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amboyna", + "Andaman redwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mottled curly-grained wood of Pterocarpus indicus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burma padauk", + "Burmese rosewood", + "Pterocarpus macrocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of India and Burma yielding a wood resembling mahogany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kino", + "Pterocarpus marsupium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree yielding a resin or extract often used medicinally and in e.g. tanning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East India kino", + "Malabar kino", + "kino gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish or black juice or resin from certain trees of the genus Pterocarpus and used in medicine and tanning etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red sandalwood", + "red sanders", + "red sanderswood", + "red saunders", + "Pterocarpus santalinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of India and East Indies yielding a hard fragrant timber prized for cabinetwork and dark red heartwood used as a dyewood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruby wood", + "red sandalwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard durable wood of red sandalwood trees (Pterocarpus santalinus); prized for cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pueraria", + "genus Pueraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of woody Asiatic vines: kudzu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kudzu", + "kudzu vine", + "Pueraria lobata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing vine from eastern Asia having tuberous starchy roots and hairy trifoliate leaves and racemes of purple flowers followed by long hairy pods containing many seeds; grown for fodder and forage and root starch; widespread in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Retama", + "genus Retama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Mediterranean shrubs; often included in genus Genista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retem", + "raetam", + "juniper bush", + "juniper", + "Retama raetam", + "Genista raetam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinia", + "genus Robinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous flowering trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristly locust", + "rose acacia", + "moss locust", + "Robinia hispida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shrub or small tree of the eastern United States having bristly stems and large clusters of pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black locust", + "yellow locust", + "Robinia pseudoacacia" + ], + "it": [ + "Robinia pseudoacacia", + "falsa Acacia", + "gaggia", + "robinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large thorny tree of eastern and central United States having pinnately compound leaves and drooping racemes of white flowers; widely naturalized in many varieties in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black locust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong stiff wood of a black-locust tree; very resistant to decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clammy locust", + "Robinia viscosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rough-barked locust of southeastern United States having racemes of pink flowers and glutinous branches and seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabinea", + "genus Sabinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous West Indian trees or shrubs: carib wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carib wood", + "Sabinea carinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Dominican tree bearing masses of large crimson flowers before the fine pinnate foliage emerges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sesbania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical and subtropical leguminous herbs or shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesbania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pea-like flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado River hemp", + "Sesbania exaltata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall-growing annual of southwestern United States widely grown as green manure; yields a strong tough bast fiber formerly used by Indians for cordage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet wisteria tree", + "vegetable hummingbird", + "Sesbania grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a softwood tree with lax racemes of usually red or pink flowers; tropical Australia and Asia; naturalized in southern Florida and West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sophora", + "genus Sophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan genus of trees and shrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and showy flowers; some species placed in genus Podalyria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese pagoda tree", + "Chinese scholartree", + "Chinese scholar tree", + "Sophora japonica", + "Sophora sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome roundheaded deciduous tree having compound dark green leaves and profuse panicles of fragrant creamy-white flowers; China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mescal bean", + "coral bean", + "frijolito", + "frijolillo", + "Sophora secundiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree having pinnate leaves poisonous to livestock and dense racemes of intensely fragrant blue flowers and red beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kowhai", + "Sophora tetraptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of New Zealand and Chile having pendulous racemes of tubular golden-yellow flowers; yields a hard strong wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spartium", + "genus Spartium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Spanish broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish broom", + "weaver's broom", + "Spartium junceum" + ], + "it": [ + "Spartium junceum", + "ginestra comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall thornless shrub having pale yellow flowers and flexible rushlike twigs used in basketry; of southwestern Europe and Mediterranean; naturalized in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strongylodon", + "genus Strongylodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Polynesian or southeastern Asian shrubs or vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jade vine", + "emerald creeper", + "Strongylodon macrobotrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous Philippine evergreen twining liana; grown for spectacular festoons of green flowers that resemble lobster claws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Templetonia", + "genus Templetonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian shrubs or subshrubs: coral bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral bush", + "flame bush", + "Templetonia retusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian shrub having simple obovate leaves and brilliant scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tephrosia", + "genus Tephrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical and subtropical herbs or shrubs: hoary peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Tephrosia having pinnate leaves and white or purplish flowers and flat hairy pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard indigo", + "Tephrosia purpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catgut", + "goat's rue", + "wild sweet pea", + "Tephrosia virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial subshrub of eastern North America having downy leaves yellowish and rose flowers and; source of rotenone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thermopsis", + "genus Thermopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American and Asiatic showy rhizomatous herbs: bush peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false lupine", + "golden pea", + "yellow pea", + "Thermopsis macrophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western United States bushy herb having yellow pea-like flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina lupine", + "Thermopsis villosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern United States bush pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tipuana", + "genus Tipuana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: South American tree: tipu tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipu", + "tipu tree", + "yellow jacaranda", + "pride of Bolivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-evergreen South American tree with odd-pinnate leaves and golden yellow flowers cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trigonella", + "genus Trigonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of frequently aromatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's foot trefoil", + "Trigonella ornithopodioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World herb related to fenugreek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenugreek", + "Greek clover", + "Trigonella foenumgraecum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulex", + "genus Ulex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Eurasian spiny shrubs: gorse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorse", + "furze", + "whin", + "Irish gorse", + "Ulex europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ulex europaeus", + "ginestrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very spiny and dense evergreen shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers; common throughout western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vicia", + "genus Vicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of annual or perennial and often climbing herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vetch" + ], + "it": [ + "veccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several weedy vetches grown for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufted vetch", + "bird vetch", + "Calnada pea", + "Vicia cracca" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicia cracca", + "veccia montanina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial climber of temperate regions of Eurasia and North America having dense elongate clusters of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad bean", + "broad-bean", + "broad-bean plant", + "English bean", + "European bean", + "field bean", + "Vicia faba" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicia faba", + "fava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World upright plant grown especially for its large flat edible seeds but also as fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad bean", + "fava bean", + "horsebean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the broad-bean plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter betch", + "Vicia orobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial toxic vetch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring vetch", + "Vicia sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicia sativa", + "veccia dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous climbing plant valuable as fodder and for soil-building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush vetch", + "Vicia sepium" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicia sepium", + "veccia delle siepi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European purple-flowered with slender stems; occurs as a weed in hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy vetch", + "hairy tare", + "Vicia villosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicia villosa", + "veccia pelosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European vetch much cultivated as forage and cover crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vigna", + "genus Vigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of vines or erect herbs having trifoliate leaves and yellowish or purplish flowers; of warm or tropical regions; most species often placed in genus Phaseolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moth bean", + "Vigna aconitifolia", + "Phaseolus aconitifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and as a soil conditioner; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adzuki bean", + "adsuki bean", + "Vigna angularis", + "Phaseolus angularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snailflower", + "snail-flower", + "snail flower", + "snail bean", + "corkscrew flower", + "Vigna caracalla", + "Phaseolus caracalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mung", + "mung bean", + "green gram", + "golden gram", + "Vigna radiata", + "Phaseolus aureus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowpea", + "cowpea plant", + "black-eyed pea", + "Vigna unguiculata", + "Vigna sinensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Vigna unguiculata", + "cornetti", + "fagiolini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowpea", + "black-eyed pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit or seed of the cowpea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagus bean", + "yard-long bean", + "Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis", + "Vigna sesquipedalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American bean having very long succulent pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viminaria", + "genus Viminaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Australian leafless shrubs: swamp oak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp oak", + "Viminaria juncea", + "Viminaria denudata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian leafless shrub resembling broom and having small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i102999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgilia", + "genus Virgilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African trees having pinnate leaves and rose-purple flowers followed by leathery pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keurboom", + "Virgilia capensis", + "Virgilia oroboides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree with odd-pinnate leaves and racemes of fragrant pink to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keurboom", + "Virgilia divaricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing roundheaded tree with fragrant white to deep rose flowers; planted as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Wisteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic deciduous woody vine having large drooping racemes of white or bluish or purple or pinkish flowers and velvety pods; widely grown as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisteria", + "wistaria" + ], + "it": [ + "glicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any flowering vine of the genus Wisteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese wistaria", + "Wisteria floribunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having flowers of pink to mauve or violet-blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese wistaria", + "Wisteria chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having deep purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American wistaria", + "American wisteria", + "Wisteria frutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern United States native resembling the cultivated Japanese wisteria having pale purple-lilac flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky wisteria", + "Wisteria venusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wisteria of China having white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palmales", + "order Palmales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Palmae: palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palmae", + "family Palmae", + "Palmaceae", + "family Palmaceae", + "Arecaceae", + "family Arecaceae", + "palm family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines usually having a tall columnar trunk bearing a crown of very large leaves; coextensive with the order Palmales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm", + "palm tree" + ], + "it": [ + "palma", + "palmizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the family Palmae having an unbranched trunk crowned by large pinnate or palmate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sago palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical Asian palm trees the trunks of which yield sago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palm having pinnate or featherlike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palm having palmate or fan-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmetto" + ], + "it": [ + "palmetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several low-growing palms with fan-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrocomia", + "genus Acrocomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Central and South American feather palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyol", + "coyol palm", + "Acrocomia vinifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American palm having edible nuts and yielding a useful fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grugru", + "gri-gri", + "grugru palm", + "macamba", + "Acrocomia aculeata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American feather palm having a swollen spiny trunk and edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Areca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of palm trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areca" + ], + "it": [ + "areca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tall tropical palms native to southeastern Asia having egg-shaped nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betel palm", + "Areca catechu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern Asian palm bearing betel nuts (scarlet or orange single-seeded fruit with a fibrous husk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arenga", + "genus Arenga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical Asian and Malaysian palm trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar palm", + "gomuti", + "gomuti palm", + "Arenga pinnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malaysian feather palm with base densely clothed with fibers; yields a sweet sap used in wine and trunk pith yields sago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attalea", + "genus Attalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unarmed feather palms of central and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piassava palm", + "pissaba palm", + "Bahia piassava", + "bahia coquilla", + "Attalea funifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian palm yielding fibers used in making ropes, mats, and brushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coquilla nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut having a hard hazel-brown shell used like vegetable ivory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borassus", + "genus Borassus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palmyra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmyra", + "palmyra palm", + "toddy palm", + "wine palm", + "lontar", + "longar palm", + "Borassus flabellifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall fan palm of Africa and India and Malaysia yielding a hard wood and sweet sap that is a source of palm wine and sugar; leaves used for thatching and weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse leaf fiber from palmyra palms used in making brushes and brooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinctive often spiny-stemmed palms found as climbers in tropical and subtropical forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tropical Asian palm of the genus Calamus; light tough stems are a source of rattan canes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattan", + "rattan palm", + "Calamus rotang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing palm of Sri Lanka and southern India remarkable for the great length of the stems which are used for malacca canes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawyer cane", + "Calamus australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall scrambling spiny palm of northeastern Queensland, Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryota", + "genus Caryota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishtail palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishtail palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractive East Indian palm having distinctive bipinnate foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine palm", + "jaggery palm", + "kitul", + "kittul", + "kitul tree", + "toddy palm", + "Caryota urens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishtail palm of India to Malay Peninsula; sap yields a brown sugar (jaggery) and trunk pith yields sago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceroxylon", + "genus Ceroxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wax palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax palm", + "Ceroxylon andicola", + "Ceroxylon alpinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palm of the Andes yielding a resinous wax which is mixed with tallow to make candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocos", + "genus Cocos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coconut palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut", + "coconut palm", + "coco palm", + "coco", + "cocoa palm", + "coconut tree", + "Cocos nucifera" + ], + "it": [ + "cocco", + "palma di cocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall palm tree bearing coconuts as fruits; widely planted throughout the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff coarse fiber from the outer husk of a coconut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copernicia", + "genus Copernicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing tropical fan palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnauba", + "carnauba palm", + "wax palm", + "Copernicia prunifera", + "Copernicia cerifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian fan palm having an edible root; source of a useful leaf fiber and a brittle yellowish wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnauba wax", + "carnauba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard yellowish to brownish wax from leaves of the carnauba palm used especially in floor waxes and polishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caranday", + "caranda", + "caranda palm", + "wax palm", + "Copernicia australis", + "Copernicia alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American palm yielding a wax similar to carnauba wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Corozo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of tropical American palm trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corozo", + "corozo palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American palms bearing corozo nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corypha", + "genus Corypha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fan palms of tropical Asia to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gebang palm", + "Corypha utan", + "Corypha gebanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-leaved palm of Malay to Philippines and northern Australia; leaves used for thatching or plaiting into containers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latanier", + "latanier palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fan palms of the southern United States and the Caribbean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talipot", + "talipot palm", + "Corypha umbraculifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall palm of southern India and Sri Lanka with gigantic leaves used as umbrellas and fans or cut into strips for writing paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaeis", + "genus Elaeis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinnate-leaved palms of the genus Elaeis having dense clusters of crowded flowers and bright red fruit and yielding high quality palm oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African oil palm", + "Elaeis guineensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil palm of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American oil palm", + "Elaeis oleifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palm of Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm nut", + "palm kernel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of any oil palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euterpe", + "genus Euterpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of graceful palm trees in tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage palm", + "Euterpe oleracea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian palm of genus Euterpe whose leaf buds are eaten like cabbage when young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livistona", + "genus Livistona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fan palms of Asia and Australia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage palm", + "cabbage tree", + "Livistona australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian palm with leaf buds that are edible when young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metroxylon", + "genus Metroxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Malayan pinnate-leaved palm trees that flower and fruit once and then die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true sago palm", + "Metroxylon sagu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malaysian palm whose pithy trunk yields sago--a starch used as a food thickener and fabric stiffener; Malaya to Fiji" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nipa", + "genus Nipa", + "Nypa", + "genus Nypa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic genus of palms of Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nipa palm", + "Nipa fruticans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any creeping semiaquatic feather palm of the genus Nipa found in mangrove swamps and tidal estuaries; its sap is used for a liquor; leaves are used for thatch; fruit has edible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orbignya", + "genus Orbignya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palms of southern Mexico to northern South America: babassu palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babassu", + "babassu palm", + "coco de macao", + "Orbignya phalerata", + "Orbignya spesiosa", + "Orbignya martiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall feather palm of northern Brazil with hard-shelled nuts yielding valuable oil and a kind of vegetable ivory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babassu nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard-shelled nut of the babassu palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babassu oil", + "babacu oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty oil from kernels of babassu nuts similar to coconut oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohune palm", + "Orbignya cohune", + "cohune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American feather palm whose large nuts yield valuable oil and a kind of vegetable ivory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohune nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut of the cohune palm having hard white shells like those of ivory nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohune-nut oil", + "cohune oil", + "cohune fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisolid fat from nuts of the cohune palm; used in cooking and soap making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoenicophorium", + "genus Phoenicophorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "latanier palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoenix", + "genus Phoenix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large monocotyledonous genus of pinnate-leaved palms found in Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date palm", + "Phoenix dactylifera" + ], + "it": [ + "dattero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tropical feather palm tree native to Syria bearing sweet edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytelephas", + "genus Phytelephas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American feather palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory palm", + "ivory-nut palm", + "ivory plant", + "Phytelephas macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stemless palm tree of Brazil and Peru bearing ivory nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory nut", + "vegetable ivory", + "apple nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutlike seed of a South American palm; the hard white shell takes a high polish and is used for e.g. buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raffia", + "genus Raffia", + "Raphia", + "genus Raphia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feather palm of tropical Africa and Madagascar and Central and South America widely grown for commercial purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffia palm", + "Raffia farinifera", + "Raffia ruffia" + ], + "it": [ + "raffia", + "rafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large feather palm of Africa and Madagascar having very long pinnatisect fronds yielding a strong commercially important fiber from its leafstalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffia" + ], + "it": [ + "raffia", + "rafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber of a raffia palm used as light cordage and in making hats and baskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jupati", + "jupaty", + "jupati palm", + "Raffia taedigera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall Brazilian feather palm with a terminal crown of very large leathery pinnatisect leaves rising from long strong stems used for structural purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo palm", + "Raffia vinifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a palm of the genus Raffia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhapis", + "genus Rhapis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small clump-forming fan palms of China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small palms of the genus Rhapis; cultivated as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature fan palm", + "bamboo palm", + "fern rhapis", + "Rhapis excelsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small graceful palm with reedlike stems and leaf bases clothed with loose coarse fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed rhapis", + "slender lady palm", + "Rhapis humilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese lady palm with more slender stems and finer sheath fibers than Rhapis excelsa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roystonea", + "genus Roystonea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of West Indian feather palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal palm", + "Roystonea regia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall feather palm of southern Florida and Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage palm", + "Roystonea oleracea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian palm with leaf buds that are edible when young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabal", + "genus Sabal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American dwarf fan palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage palmetto", + "cabbage palm", + "Sabal palmetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing fan-leaved palm of coastal southern United States having edible leaf buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serenoa", + "genus Serenoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: saw palmetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saw palmetto", + "scrub palmetto", + "Serenoa repens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hardy clump-forming spiny palm of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thrinax", + "genus Thrinax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized fan palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatch palm", + "thatch tree", + "silver thatch", + "broom palm", + "Thrinax parviflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small palm of southern Florida and West Indies closely resembling the silvertop palmetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key palm", + "silvertop palmetto", + "silver thatch", + "Thrinax microcarpa", + "Thrinax morrisii", + "Thrinax keyensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small stocky fan palm of southern Florida and Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantaginales", + "order Plantaginales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Plantaginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantaginaceae", + "family Plantaginaceae", + "plantain family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan family of small herbs and a few shrubs; most are troublesome weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantago", + "genus Plantago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Plantaginaceae; large cosmopolitan genus of mostly small herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantain" + ], + "it": [ + "piantaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English plantain", + "narrow-leaved plantain", + "ribgrass", + "ribwort", + "ripple-grass", + "buckthorn", + "Plantago lanceolata" + ], + "it": [ + "Plantago lanceolata", + "lingua di cane", + "piantaggine minore", + "spincervino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad-leaved plantain", + "common plantain", + "white-man's foot", + "whiteman's foot", + "cart-track plant", + "Plantago major" + ], + "it": [ + "Plantago major", + "piantaggine maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary plantain", + "Plantago media" + ], + "it": [ + "Plantago media", + "piantaggine pelosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleawort", + "psyllium", + "Spanish psyllium", + "Plantago psyllium" + ], + "it": [ + "psillio", + "pulicaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rugel's plantain", + "broad-leaved plantain", + "Plantago rugelii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary plantain", + "Plantago virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygonales", + "order Polygonales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Polygonaceae," + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygonaceae", + "family Polygonaceae", + "buckwheat family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants of order Polygonales chiefly of the north temperate zone; includes the buckwheats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygonum", + "genus Polygonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diverse genus of herbs or woody subshrubs of north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver lace vine", + "China fleece vine", + "Russian vine", + "Polygonum aubertii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining perennial vine having racemes of fragrant greenish flowers; western China to Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fagopyrum", + "genus Fagopyrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buckwheat; in some classifications included in the genus Polygonum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckwheat", + "Polygonum fagopyrum", + "Fagopyrum esculentum" + ], + "it": [ + "Fagopyrum esculentum", + "grano saraceno", + "grano saraceno comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prince's-feather", + "princess feather", + "kiss-me-over-the-garden-gate", + "prince's-plume", + "Polygonum orientale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual with broadly ovate leaves and slender drooping spikes of crimson flowers; southeastern Asia and Australia; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Eriogonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herbs of the buckwheat family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eriogonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Eriogonum with small clustered flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella plant", + "Eriogonum allenii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "late blooming perennial plant of shale barrens of Virginia having flowers in flat-topped clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild buckwheat", + "California buckwheat", + "Erigonum fasciculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing shrub with spreading branches and flowers in loose heads; desert regions of western United States (California to Utah)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rheum", + "genus Rheum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhubarb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhubarb", + "rhubarb plant" + ], + "it": [ + "rabarbaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himalayan rhubarb", + "Indian rhubarb", + "red-veined pie plant", + "Rheum australe", + "Rheum emodi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian herb (Himalayas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pie plant", + "garden rhubarb", + "Rheum cultorum", + "Rheum rhabarbarum", + "Rheum rhaponticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese rhubarb", + "Rheum palmatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long used for laxative properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rumex", + "genus Rumex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "docks: coarse herbs and shrubs mainly native to north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock", + "sorrel", + "sour grass" + ], + "it": [ + "romice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour dock", + "garden sorrel", + "Rumex acetosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Rumex acetosa", + "acetosa", + "erba brusca", + "romice acetosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep sorrel", + "sheep's sorrel", + "Rumex acetosella" + ], + "it": [ + "Rumex acetosella", + "romice acetosella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter dock", + "broad-leaved dock", + "yellow dock", + "Rumex obtusifolius" + ], + "it": [ + "Rumex obtusifolius", + "romice comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French sorrel", + "garden sorrel", + "Rumex scutatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rumex scutatus", + "acetosa", + "romice scudato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xyridales", + "order Xyridales", + "Commelinales", + "order Commelinales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of monocotyledonous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xyridaceae", + "family Xyridaceae", + "yellow-eyed grass family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants of tropical to temperate regions; usually in wet places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xyris", + "genus Xyris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly American marsh plants, having usually yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-eyed grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several rushlike plants, especially of the pine barrens of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall yellow-eye", + "Xyris operculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commelinaceae", + "family Commelinaceae", + "spiderwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed family of chiefly perennial herbs or climbers: spiderworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Commelina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Commelinaceae; large genus of herbs of branching or creeping habit: day flower; widow's tears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commelina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Commelina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiderwort", + "dayflower" + ], + "it": [ + "miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the family Commelinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St.-Bruno's-lily", + "Paradisea liliastrum" + ], + "it": [ + "Paradisea liliastrum", + "giglio di San Bruno", + "liliastro", + "paradisea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of spiderwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tradescantia", + "genus Tradescantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiderworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bromeliaceae", + "family Bromeliaceae", + "pineapple family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of tropical American plants of order Xyridales including several (as the pineapple) of economic importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ananas", + "genus Ananas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American plants have sword-shaped leaves and a fleshy compound fruits composed of the fruits of several flowers (such as pineapples)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pineapple", + "pineapple plant", + "Ananas comosus" + ], + "it": [ + "ananas", + "ananasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bromelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Bromeliaceae which includes tropical American plants with deeply cleft calyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tillandsia", + "genus Tillandsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of epiphytic or terrestrial sparse-rooting tropical plants usually forming dense clumps or pendant masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish moss", + "old man's beard", + "black moss", + "long moss", + "Tillandsia usneoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dense festoons of greenish-grey hairlike flexuous strands anchored to tree trunks and branches by sparse wiry roots; southeastern United States and West Indies to South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayacaceae", + "family Mayacaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous family of bog plants of order Xyridales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayaca", + "genus Mayaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of delicate mossy bog plants having white or violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rapateaceae", + "family Rapateaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American herbs somewhat resembling members of the Juncaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriocaulaceae", + "family Eriocaulaceae", + "pipewort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical aquatic or bog herbs: pipeworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriocaulon", + "genus Eriocaulon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Eriocaulaceae: rushlike aquatic or marginal perennials usually found in shallow waters of acid lakes and pools and bogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipewort", + "Eriocaulon aquaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic perennial of North America and Ireland and Hebrides having translucent green leaves in a basal spiral and dense buttonlike racemes of minute white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pontederiaceae", + "family Pontederiaceae", + "pickerelweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic or bog plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pontederia", + "genus Pontederia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pickerelweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickerelweed", + "pickerel weed", + "wampee", + "Pontederia cordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American plant having spikes of blue flowers and growing in shallow water of streams and ponds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eichhornia", + "genus Eichhornia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water hyacinth; water orchid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hyacinth", + "water orchid", + "Eichhornia crassipes", + "Eichhornia spesiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical floating aquatic plant having spikes of large blue flowers; troublesome in clogging waterways especially in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heteranthera", + "genus Heteranthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud plantains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water star grass", + "mud plantain", + "Heteranthera dubia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grassy-leaved North American aquatic plant with yellow star-shaped blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naiadales", + "order Naiadales", + "Alismales", + "order Alismales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of aquatic monocotyledonous herbaceous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naiadaceae", + "family Naiadaceae", + "Najadaceae", + "family Najadaceae", + "naiad family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic family of aquatic plants having narrow leaves and small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naias", + "genus Naias", + "Najas", + "genus Najas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sole genus of the family Naiadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naiad", + "water nymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerged aquatic plant having narrow leaves and small flowers; of fresh or brackish water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alismataceae", + "family Alismataceae", + "water-plantain family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial or annual aquatic or marsh plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alisma", + "genus Alisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of aquatic or semiaquatic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water plantain", + "Alisma plantago-aquatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Alisma plantago-aquatica", + "mestolaccia comune", + "piantaggine acquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh plant having clusters of small white or pinkish flowers and broad pointed or rounded leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittaria", + "genus Sagittaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of aquatic herbs of temperate and tropical regions having sagittate or hastate leaves and white scapose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common arrowhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon-leaved water plantain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of water plantain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow-leaved water plantain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of water plantain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrocharitaceae", + "family Hydrocharitaceae", + "Hydrocharidaceae", + "family Hydrocharidaceae", + "frogbit family", + "frog's-bit family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simple nearly stemless freshwater aquatic plants; widely distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrocharis", + "genus Hydrocharis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frogbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frogbit", + "frog's-bit", + "Hydrocharis morsus-ranae" + ], + "it": [ + "Hydrocharis morsus-ranae", + "morso di rana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European floating plant with roundish heart-shaped leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hydrilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrilla", + "Hydrilla verticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submersed plant with whorled lanceolate leaves and solitary axillary flowers; Old World plant naturalized in southern United States and clogging Florida's waterways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limnobium", + "genus Limnobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American frogbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American frogbit", + "Limnodium spongia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American plant with roundish heart-shaped or kidney-shaped leaves; usually rooted in muddy bottoms of ponds and ditches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elodea", + "genus Elodea", + "pondweed", + "ditchmoss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerged freshwater perennials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weedy aquatic plant of genus Elodea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian pondweed", + "Elodea canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Elodea canadensis", + "peste d'acqua comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American waterweed; widely naturalized in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dense-leaved elodea", + "Elodea densa", + "Egeria densa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic plant with deep green foliage useful to oxygenate an aquarium; sometimes placed in genus Egeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egeria", + "genus Egeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of dioecious tropical aquatic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vallisneria", + "genus Vallisneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eelgrass; eel grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape grass", + "eelgrass", + "wild celery", + "Vallisneria spiralis" + ], + "it": [ + "Vallisneria spiralis", + "vallisneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerged aquatic plant with ribbonlike leaves; Old World and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potamogetonaceae", + "family Potamogetonaceae", + "pondweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants that grow in ponds and slow streams; sometimes includes family Zosteraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pondweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several submerged or floating freshwater perennial aquatic weeds belonging to the family Potamogetonaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potamogeton", + "genus Potamogeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of aquatic herbs found in quiet waters in temperate regions; leaves usually float on the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curled leaf pondweed", + "curly pondweed", + "Potamogeton crispus" + ], + "it": [ + "Potamogeton crispus", + "brasca increspata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb naturalized in the eastern United States and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variously-leaved pondweed", + "Potamogeton gramineous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Europe (except the Mediterranean area) and the northern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loddon pondweed", + "Potamogeton nodosus", + "Potamogeton americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Potamogeton nodosus", + "brasca nodosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pondweed with floating leaves; of northern United States and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Groenlandia", + "genus Groenlandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous genus of the family Potamogetonaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog's lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very similar to Potamogeton; of western Africa, Asia, and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scheuchzeriaceae", + "family Scheuchzeriaceae", + "Juncaginaceae", + "family Juncaginaceae", + "arrow-grass family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of monocotyledonous bog herbs of order Naiadales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triglochin", + "genus Triglochin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial or annual bog or marsh plants; includes arrow grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow grass", + "Triglochin maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted perennial found in shallow water or marshland; sometimes poisons livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zannichelliaceae", + "family Zannichelliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative classification for some genera included in Potamogetonaceae; one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zannichellia", + "genus Zannichellia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horned pondweed: completely submerged herbs; in some classifications included in Potamogetonaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned pondweed", + "Zannichellia palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Zannichellia palustris", + "zannichellia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in still or slow-moving fresh or brackish water; useful to oxygenate cool water ponds and aquaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zosteraceae", + "family Zosteraceae", + "eelgrass family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications: essentially equivalent to Potamogetonaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zostera", + "genus Zostera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(or in some classifications family Zosteraceae) small genus of widely distributed marine plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eelgrass", + "grass wrack", + "sea wrack", + "Zostera marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerged marine plant with very long narrow leaves found in abundance along North Atlantic coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosales", + "order Rosales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications this category does not include Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosaceae", + "family Rosaceae", + "rose family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of dicotyledonous plants of order Rosales; have alternate leaves and five-petaled flowers with numerous stamens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosa", + "genus Rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of erect or climbing prickly shrubs including roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose", + "rosebush" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip", + "rose hip", + "rosehip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a rose plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain rose", + "Rosa pendulina" + ], + "it": [ + "Rosa pendulina", + "rosa alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European alpine rose with crimson flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground rose", + "Rosa spithamaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing bristly shrub of southern Oregon and California with creeping rootstocks and usually corymbose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banksia rose", + "Rosa banksia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese evergreen climbing rose with yellow or white single flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog rose", + "Rosa canina" + ], + "it": [ + "Rosa canina", + "rosa selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prickly wild rose with delicate pink or white scentless flowers; native to Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "China rose", + "Bengal rose", + "Rosa chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Chinese rose; ancestor of many cultivated garden roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damask rose", + "summer damask rose", + "Rosa damascena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hardy very fragrant pink rose; cultivated in Asia Minor as source of attar of roses; parent of many hybrids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetbrier", + "sweetbriar", + "brier", + "briar", + "eglantine", + "Rosa eglanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian rose with prickly stems and fragrant leaves and bright pink flowers followed by scarlet hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brier", + "brierpatch", + "brier patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tangled mass of prickly plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherokee rose", + "Rosa laevigata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese climbing rose with fragrant white blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiflora", + "multiflora rose", + "Japanese rose", + "baby rose", + "Rosa multiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorously growing rose having clusters of numerous small flowers; used for hedges and as grafting stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk rose", + "Rosa moschata" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa muschiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rose native to Mediterranean region having curved or climbing branches and loose clusters of musky-scented flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea rose", + "Rosa odorata" + ], + "it": [ + "tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hybrid bush roses derived from a tea-scented Chinese rose with pink or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Agrimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs found chiefly in north temperate regions having pinnate leaves and yellow flowers followed by bristly fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agrimonia", + "agrimony" + ], + "it": [ + "agrimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest-lice", + "Agrimonia eupatoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Agrimonia eupatoria", + "agrimonia comune", + "eupatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragrant agrimony", + "Agrimonia procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amelanchier", + "genus Amelanchier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American deciduous trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juneberry", + "serviceberry", + "service tree", + "shadbush", + "shadblow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various North American trees or shrubs having showy white flowers and edible blue-black or purplish fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alderleaf Juneberry", + "alder-leaved serviceberry", + "Amelanchier alnifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of northwestern North America having fragrant creamy white flowers and small waxy purple-red fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartram Juneberry", + "Amelanchier bartramiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open-growing shrub of eastern North America having pure white flowers and small waxy almost black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaenomeles", + "genus Chaenomeles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowering quince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering quince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic ornamental shrub with spiny branches and pink or red blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japonica", + "maule's quince", + "Chaenomeles japonica" + ], + "it": [ + "cotogno del Giappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous thorny shrub native to Japan having red blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese quince", + "Chaenomeles speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous thorny shrub native to China having red or white blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysobalanus", + "genus Chrysobalanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coco plums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coco plum", + "coco plum tree", + "cocoa plum", + "icaco", + "Chrysobalanus icaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American tree bearing edible plumlike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cotoneaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of deciduous or evergreen Old World shrubs widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotoneaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub of the genus Cotoneaster: erect or creeping shrubs having richly colored autumn foliage and many small white to pinkish flowers followed by tiny red or black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotoneaster dammeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing evergreen shrub with white flowers and red berries; often used as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotoneaster horizontalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous flat-growing shrub with a fanned herringbone pattern and having reddish flowers and orange-red berries; used as a ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crataegus", + "genus Crataegus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny shrubs and small trees: hawthorn; thorn; thorn apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawthorn", + "haw" + ], + "it": [ + "albaspina", + "biancospino", + "ossiacanta", + "ossicante", + "prunalbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spring-flowering shrub or small tree of the genus Crataegus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsley haw", + "parsley-leaved thorn", + "Crataegus apiifolia", + "Crataegus marshallii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern United States hawthorn with pinnately lobed leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet haw", + "Crataegus biltmoreana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shrub or small tree of the eastern United States having few thorns and white flowers in corymbs followed by bright orange-red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackthorn", + "pear haw", + "pear hawthorn", + "Crataegus calpodendron", + "Crataegus tomentosa" + ], + "it": [ + "prugnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect and almost thornless American hawthorn with somewhat pear-shaped berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockspur thorn", + "cockspur hawthorn", + "Crataegus crus-galli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern United States hawthorn with long straight thorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayhaw", + "summer haw", + "Crataegus aestivalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawthorn of southern United States bearing a juicy, acidic, scarlet fruit that is often used in jellies or preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitethorn", + "English hawthorn", + "may", + "Crataegus laevigata", + "Crataegus oxycantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny Eurasian shrub of small tree having dense clusters of white to scarlet flowers followed by deep red berries; established as an escape in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English hawthorn", + "Crataegus monogyna" + ], + "it": [ + "Crataegus monogyna", + "biancospino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hawthorn having deeply cleft leaves and bright red fruits; widely cultivated in many varieties and often grown as impenetrable hedges; established as an escape in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red haw", + "downy haw", + "Crataegus mollis", + "Crataegus coccinea mollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American red-fruited hawthorn with stems and leaves densely covered with short woolly hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evergreen thorn", + "Crataegus oxyacantha" + ], + "it": [ + "Crataegus oxyacantha", + "biancospino selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen hawthorn of southeastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red haw", + "Crataegus pedicellata", + "Crataegus coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American red-fruited hawthorn with dense corymbs of pink-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cydonia", + "genus Cydonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quince", + "quince bush", + "Cydonia oblonga" + ], + "it": [ + "cotogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asian tree with pinkish flowers and pear-shaped fruit; widely cultivated" + ], + "it": [ + "albero che produce una qualità di mele usate per fare marmellata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryas", + "genus Dryas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain avens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain avens", + "Dryas octopetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen shrub with large white flowers; widely distributed in northern portions of Eurasia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriobotrya", + "genus Eriobotrya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic evergreen fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loquat", + "loquat tree", + "Japanese medlar", + "Japanese plum", + "Eriobotrya japonica" + ], + "it": [ + "nespolo", + "nespolo del Giappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of warm regions having fuzzy yellow olive-sized fruit with a large free stone; native to China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fragaria", + "genus Fragaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry" + ], + "it": [ + "fraga", + "fragola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden strawberry", + "cultivated strawberry", + "Fragaria ananassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild strawberry", + "wood strawberry", + "Fragaria vesca" + ], + "it": [ + "Fragaria vesca", + "fragola comune", + "fragola di bosco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach strawberry", + "Chilean strawberry", + "Fragaria chiloensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia strawberry", + "scarlet strawberry", + "Fragaria virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geum", + "genus Geum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various perennials of the genus Geum having usually pinnate basal leaves and variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow avens", + "Geum alleppicum strictum", + "Geum strictum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect subshrub with deep yellow flowers; Europe and Asia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bennet", + "white avens", + "Geum canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American white-flowered avens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow avens", + "Geum macrophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy yellow-flowered plant of eastern Asia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water avens", + "Indian chocolate", + "purple avens", + "chocolate root", + "Geum rivale" + ], + "it": [ + "Geum rivale", + "cariofillata dei rivi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial of north temperate zone having pinnate leaves and a few nodding flowers with a brown-purple calyx and orange and pink petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie smoke", + "purple avens", + "Geum triflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial with hairy basal pinnate leaves and purple flowers and plume-tipped fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb bennet", + "cloveroot", + "clover-root", + "wood avens", + "Geum urbanum" + ], + "it": [ + "Geum urbanum", + "cariofillata comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy Eurasian plant with small yellow flowers and an astringent root formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bennet", + "white avens", + "Geum virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avens of Virginia having pale or greenish yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heteromeles", + "genus Heteromeles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: toyon; in some classifications included in genus Photinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toyon", + "tollon", + "Christmasberry", + "Christmas berry", + "Heteromeles arbutifolia", + "Photinia arbutifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental evergreen treelike shrub of the Pacific coast of the United States having large white flowers and red berrylike fruits; often placed in genus Photinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malus", + "genus Malus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple trees; found throughout temperate zones of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple tree" + ], + "it": [ + "melo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Malus especially those bearing firm rounded edible fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various apple trees of the genus Malus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple", + "orchard apple tree", + "Malus pumila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native Eurasian tree widely cultivated in many varieties for its firm rounded edible fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild apple", + "crab apple", + "crabapple" + ], + "it": [ + "melo selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous wild apple trees usually with small acidic fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab apple", + "crabapple", + "cultivated crab apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous varieties of crab apples cultivated for their small acidic (usually bright red) fruit used for preserves or as ornamentals for their blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian crab", + "Siberian crab apple", + "cherry apple", + "cherry crab", + "Malus baccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian wild crab apple cultivated in many varieties for it small acid usually red fruit used for preserving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild crab", + "Malus sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Malus sylvestris", + "melo selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild crab apple native to Europe; a chief ancestor of cultivated apples" + ], + "it": [ + "albero di mele selvatiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American crab apple", + "garland crab", + "Malus coronaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of the eastern United States having pink blossoms and small yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon crab apple", + "Malus fusca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree or shrub of western United States having white blossoms and tiny yellow or red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern crab apple", + "flowering crab", + "Malus angustifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree or shrub of southeastern United States; cultivated as an ornamental for its rose-colored blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iowa crab", + "Iowa crab apple", + "prairie crab", + "western crab apple", + "Malus ioensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild crab apple of western United States with fragrant pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bechtel crab", + "flowering crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derived from the Iowa crab and cultivated for its large double pink blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mespilus", + "genus Mespilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medlars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medlar", + "medlar tree", + "Mespilus germanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Mespilus germanica", + "nespolo", + "nespolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous Eurasian tree cultivated for its fruit that resemble crab apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Photinia", + "genus Photinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of deciduous and evergreen east Asian trees and shrubs widely cultivated as ornamentals for their white flowers and red fruits; in some classifications includes genus Heteromeles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potentilla", + "genus Potentilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly perennial northern hemisphere herbs and shrubs: cinquefoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinquefoil", + "five-finger" + ], + "it": [ + "cinquefoglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a numerous plants grown for their five-petaled flowers; abundant in temperate regions; alleged to have medicinal properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverweed", + "goose-tansy", + "goose grass", + "Potentilla anserina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing perennial having leaves silvery beneath; northern United States; Europe; Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poterium", + "genus Poterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of thorny herbs or shrubs of the family Rosaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad burnet", + "burnet bloodwort", + "pimpernel", + "Poterium sanguisorba" + ], + "it": [ + "pimpinella", + "salvastrella", + "sanguisorba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prunus", + "genus Prunus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of shrubs and trees of the family Rosaceae that is widely distributed in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum", + "plum tree" + ], + "it": [ + "prugno", + "susino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees producing edible oval fruit having a smooth skin and a single hard stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild plum", + "wild plum tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncultivated plum tree or shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allegheny plum", + "Alleghany plum", + "sloe", + "Prunus alleghaniensis" + ], + "it": [ + "prugnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild plum of northeastern United States having dark purple fruits with yellow flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American red plum", + "August plum", + "goose plum", + "Prunus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild plum trees of eastern and central North America having red-orange fruit with yellow flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickasaw plum", + "hog plum", + "hog plum bush", + "Prunus angustifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small native American shrubby tree bearing small edible yellow to reddish fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach plum", + "beach plum bush", + "Prunus maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seacoast shrub of northeastern North America having showy white blossoms and edible purple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common plum", + "Prunus domestica" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus domestica", + "pruno", + "susino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various widely distributed plums grown in the cooler temperate areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullace", + "Prunus insititia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wild or half-domesticated Eurasian plum bearing small ovoid fruit in clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damson plum", + "damson plum tree", + "Prunus domestica insititia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plum tree long cultivated for its edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big-tree plum", + "Prunus mexicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of southwestern United States having purplish-red fruit sometimes cultivated as an ornamental for its large leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada plum", + "Prunus nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree native to northeastern North America having oblong orange-red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumcot", + "plumcot tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid produced by crossing Prunus domestica and Prunus armeniaca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apricot", + "apricot tree" + ], + "it": [ + "albicocco", + "armellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian tree having clusters of usually white blossoms and edible fruit resembling the peach" + ], + "it": [ + "albero delle albicocche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese apricot", + "mei", + "Prunus mume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese ornamental tree with fragrant white or pink blossoms and small yellow fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common apricot", + "Prunus armeniaca" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus armeniaca", + "albicocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperate zone tree bearing downy yellow to rosy fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple apricot", + "black apricot", + "Prunus dasycarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hybrid apricot of Asia and Asia Minor having purplish twigs and white flowers following by inferior purple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry", + "cherry tree" + ], + "it": [ + "ciliegio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees and shrubs producing a small fleshy round fruit with a single hard stone; many also produce a valuable hardwood" + ], + "it": [ + "albero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "ciliegio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various cherry trees especially the black cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "legno di ciliegio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild cherry", + "wild cherry tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncultivated cherry tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "durone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of the wild cherry tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cherry", + "Prunus avium" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus avium", + "ciliegio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Eurasian tree producing small dark bitter fruit in the wild but edible sweet fruit under cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart cherry", + "oxheart", + "oxheart cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cultivated sweet cherries having sweet juicy heart-shaped fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gean", + "mazzard", + "mazzard cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild or seedling sweet cherry used as stock for grafting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western sand cherry", + "Rocky Mountains cherry", + "Prunus besseyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf ornamental shrub of western United States having large black to red and yellow sweet edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capulin", + "capulin tree", + "Prunus capuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican black cherry tree having edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry laurel", + "laurel cherry", + "mock orange", + "wild orange", + "Prunus caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flowering evergreen tree of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry plum", + "myrobalan", + "myrobalan plum", + "Prunus cerasifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus cerasifera", + "ciliegio-susino", + "mirabolano", + "mirobolano", + "susino asiatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic tree bearing edible red or yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour cherry", + "sour cherry tree", + "Prunus cerasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus cerasus", + "amarasca", + "amareno", + "marasca", + "marena", + "visciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rather small Eurasian tree producing red to black acid edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amarelle", + "Prunus cerasus caproniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cultivated sour cherry trees bearing pale red fruit with colorless juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morello", + "Prunus cerasus austera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cultivated sour cherry trees bearing fruit with dark skin and juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marasca", + "marasca cherry", + "maraschino cherry", + "Prunus cerasus marasca" + ], + "it": [ + "amarasca", + "amarasco", + "ciliegiolo", + "marasca", + "marasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dalmatian bitter wild cherry tree bearing fruit whose juice is made into maraschino liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marasca" + ], + "it": [ + "amarasca", + "marasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bitter fruit of the marasca cherry tree from whose juice maraschino liqueur is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amygdalaceae", + "family Amygdalaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications for plum and peach and almond trees which are now usually classified as members of the genus Prunus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amygdalus", + "genus Amygdalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications for peach and almond trees which are now included in genus Prunus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond tree" + ], + "it": [ + "mandorlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small bushy trees having pink or white blossoms and usually bearing nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond", + "sweet almond", + "Prunus dulcis", + "Prunus amygdalus", + "Amygdalus communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus dulcis", + "mandorlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bushy deciduous tree native to Asia and North Africa having pretty pink blossoms and highly prized edible nuts enclosed in a hard green hull; cultivated in southern Australia and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter almond", + "Prunus dulcis amara", + "Amygdalus communis amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almond trees having white blossoms and poisonous nuts yielding an oil used for flavoring and for medicinal purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond oil", + "expressed almond oil", + "sweet almond oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di mandorla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellow fatty oil expressed from sweet or bitter almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter almond oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellow essential oil obtained from bitter almonds by distillation from almond cake or meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jordan almond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of large almond from Malaga, Spain; used in confectionery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf flowering almond", + "Prunus glandulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Chinese shrub with smooth unfurrowed dark red fruit grown especially for its red or pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holly-leaved cherry", + "holly-leaf cherry", + "evergreen cherry", + "islay", + "Prunus ilicifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California evergreen wild plum with spiny leathery leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuji", + "fuji cherry", + "Prunus incisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Japanese cherry tree having pale pink blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering almond", + "oriental bush cherry", + "Prunus japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody oriental plant with smooth unfurrowed red fruit grown especially for its white or pale pink blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry laurel", + "laurel cherry", + "Prunus laurocerasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus laurocerasus", + "lauroceraso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequently cultivated Eurasian evergreen shrub or small tree having showy clusters of white flowers and glossy foliage and yielding oil similar to bitter almond oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalina cherry", + "Prunus lyonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub or small tree found on Catalina Island (California)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird cherry", + "bird cherry tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small-fruited cherry trees frequented or fed on by birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagberry tree", + "European bird cherry", + "common bird cherry", + "Prunus padus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European cherry tree closely resembling the American chokecherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cherry much liked by birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin cherry", + "Prunus pensylvanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby North American wild cherry with small bright red acid fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach", + "peach tree", + "Prunus persica" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus persica", + "pesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nectarine", + "nectarine tree", + "Prunus persica nectarina" + ], + "it": [ + "noce pesco", + "nocepesco", + "pesco noce", + "pesconoce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety or mutation of the peach bearing fruit with smooth skin and (usually) yellow flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand cherry", + "Prunus pumila", + "Prunus pumilla susquehanae", + "Prunus susquehanae", + "Prunus cuneata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small straggling American cherry growing on sandy soil and having minute scarcely edible purplish-black fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese plum", + "Prunus salicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of China and Japan bearing large yellow to red plums usually somewhat inferior to European plums in flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black cherry", + "black cherry tree", + "rum cherry", + "Prunus serotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American wild cherry with round black sour edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs or trees of the genus Prunus cultivated for their showy white or pink single or double blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriental cherry", + "Japanese cherry", + "Japanese flowering cherry", + "Prunus serrulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental tree with inedible fruits widely cultivated in many varieties for its white blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese flowering cherry", + "Prunus sieboldii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental tree with inedible fruit widely cultivated in many varieties for its pink blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackthorn", + "sloe", + "Prunus spinosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunus spinosa", + "prugnolo", + "pruno selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorny Eurasian bush with plumlike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra plum", + "Pacific plum", + "Prunus subcordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of the Pacific coast of the United States bearing small red insipid fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosebud cherry", + "winter flowering cherry", + "Prunus subhirtella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or tree native to Japan cultivated as an ornamental for its rose-pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian almond", + "dwarf Russian almond", + "Prunus tenella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic shrub cultivated for its rosy red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering almond", + "Prunus triloba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous Chinese shrub or small tree with often trilobed leaves grown for its pink-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokecherry", + "chokecherry tree", + "Prunus virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common wild cherry of eastern North America having small bitter black berries favored by birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokecherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of the chokecherry tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western chokecherry", + "Prunus virginiana demissa", + "Prunus demissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chokecherry of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pyracantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian evergreen thorny shrubs bearing red or orange-red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyracantha", + "pyracanth", + "fire thorn", + "firethorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various thorny shrubs of the genus Pyracantha bearing small white flowers followed by hard red or orange-red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrus", + "genus Pyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit trees native to the Old World: pears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pear", + "pear tree", + "Pyrus communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrus communis", + "pero", + "pyrus communis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tree having sweet gritty-textured juicy fruit; widely cultivated in many varieties" + ], + "it": [ + "albero che produce le pere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit tree" + ], + "it": [ + "albero da frutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing edible fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "un albero che produce frutta commestibile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of various fruit trees (as apple or cherry or pear) used especially in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubus", + "genus Rubus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of brambles bearing berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bramble bush" + ], + "it": [ + "prunaio", + "roveto", + "rovo", + "spinaio", + "spineto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any prickly shrub of the genus Rubus bearing edible aggregate fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawyerbush", + "lawyer bush", + "bush lawyer", + "Rubus cissoides", + "Rubus australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-stemmed trailing shrub of New Zealand that scrambles over other growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone bramble", + "Rubus saxatilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Rubus saxatilis", + "rovo erbaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European trailing bramble with red berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackberry", + "blackberry bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bramble with sweet edible black or dark purple berries that usually do not separate from the receptacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true blackberry", + "Rubus fruticosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the true blackberry of Europe as well as any of numerous varieties having sweet edible black or dark purple berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand blackberry", + "Rubus cuneifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff shrubby blackberry of the eastern United States (Connecticut to Florida)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dewberry", + "dewberry bush", + "running blackberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trailing blackberry brambles especially of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western blackberry", + "western dewberry", + "Rubus ursinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American blackberry with oblong black fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boysenberry", + "boysenberry bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated hybrid bramble of California having large dark wine-red fruit with a flavor resembling raspberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loganberry", + "Rubus loganobaccus", + "Rubus ursinus loganobaccus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red-fruited bramble native from Oregon to Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American dewberry", + "Rubus canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American dewberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern dewberry", + "American dewberry", + "Rubus flagellaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern dewberry", + "Rubus trivialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp dewberry", + "swamp blackberry", + "Rubus hispidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European dewberry", + "Rubus caesius" + ], + "it": [ + "Rubus caesius", + "rovo bluastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping European bramble bearing dewberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raspberry", + "raspberry bush" + ], + "it": [ + "lampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody brambles bearing usually red but sometimes black or yellow fruits that separate from the receptacle when ripe and are rounder and smaller than blackberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red raspberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several raspberries bearing red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild raspberry", + "European raspberry", + "framboise", + "Rubus idaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rubus idaeus", + "lampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common European raspberry; fruit red or orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American raspberry", + "Rubus strigosus", + "Rubus idaeus strigosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red raspberry of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black raspberry", + "blackcap", + "blackcap raspberry", + "thimbleberry", + "Rubus occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raspberry native to eastern North America having black thimble-shaped fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmonberry", + "Rubus spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large erect red-flowered raspberry of western North America having large pinkish-orange berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmonberry", + "salmon berry", + "thimbleberry", + "Rubus parviflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered raspberry of western North America and northern Mexico with thimble-shaped orange berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloudberry", + "dwarf mulberry", + "bakeapple", + "baked-apple berry", + "salmonberry", + "Rubus chamaemorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping raspberry of north temperate regions with yellow or orange berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering raspberry", + "purple-flowering raspberry", + "Rubus odoratus", + "thimbleberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby raspberry of eastern North America having showy rose to purplish flowers and red or orange thimble-shaped fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wineberry", + "Rubus phoenicolasius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raspberry of China and Japan having pale pink flowers grown for ornament and for the small red acid fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sorbus", + "genus Sorbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of shrubs or trees of the family Rosaceae having feathery leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genus Sorbus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowan", + "rowan tree", + "European mountain ash", + "Sorbus aucuparia" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorbus aucuparia", + "sorbo degli uccellatori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian tree with orange-red berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowanberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative red berrylike fruit of a rowan tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American mountain ash", + "Sorbus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mountain ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western mountain ash", + "Sorbus sitchensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ash of the western coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service tree", + "sorb apple", + "sorb apple tree", + "Sorbus domestica" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorbus domestica", + "sorbo comune", + "sorbolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized European tree resembling the rowan but bearing edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild service tree", + "Sorbus torminalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorbus torminalis", + "ciavardello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European tree bearing edible small speckled brown fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spiraea", + "genus Spiraea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Rosaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirea", + "spiraea" + ], + "it": [ + "spirea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any rosaceous plant of the genus Spiraea; has sprays of small white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridal wreath", + "bridal-wreath", + "Saint Peter's wreath", + "St. Peter's wreath", + "Spiraea prunifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub having copious small white flowers in spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubiales", + "order Rubiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants of the subclass Asteridae; have opposite leaves and an inferior compound ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubiaceae", + "family Rubiaceae", + "madder family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed family of mostly tropical trees and shrubs and herbs; includes coffee and chinchona and gardenia and madder and bedstraws and partridgeberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madderwort", + "rubiaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees or shrubs or vines of the family Rubiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubia", + "genus Rubia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rubiaceae; Old World herbs and subshrubs grown for their medicinal properties and for dye substances extracted from their roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian madder", + "munjeet", + "Rubia cordifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial East Indian creeping or climbing herb used for dye in the orient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madder", + "Rubia tinctorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Rubia tinctorum", + "robbia", + "robbia domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb having small yellow flowers and red roots formerly an important source of the dye alizarin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asperula", + "genus Asperula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodruff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodruff" + ], + "it": [ + "asperula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Asperula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyer's woodruff", + "Asperula tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Asperula tinctoria", + "stellina tintoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping European perennial having red or pinkish-white flowers and red roots sometimes used as a substitute for madder in dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calycophyllum", + "genus Calycophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large tropical American trees having shiny reddish-brown shredding bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dagame", + "lemonwood tree", + "Calycophyllum candidissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of a tough elastic wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiococca", + "genus Chiococca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs of tropical and subtropical New World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blolly", + "West Indian snowberry", + "Chiococca alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen climbing shrub of southern Florida and West Indies grown for its racemes of fragrant white to creamy flowers followed by globose white succulent berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coffea", + "genus Coffea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coffee trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee", + "coffee tree" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta del caffè", + "caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small trees and shrubs native to the tropical Old World yielding coffee beans" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta che produce i semi da cui è derivata la bevanda del caffè" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian coffee", + "Coffea arabica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree of northeastern tropical Africa widely cultivated in tropical or near tropical regions for its seed which form most of the commercial coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberian coffee", + "Coffea liberica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of West Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robusta coffee", + "Rio Nunez coffee", + "Coffea robusta", + "Coffea canephora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to West Africa but grown in Java and elsewhere; resistant to coffee rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cinchona", + "genus Chinchona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of trees of Andean region of South America having medicinal bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinchona", + "chinchona" + ], + "it": [ + "china" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees of the genus Cinchona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartagena bark", + "Cinchona cordifolia", + "Cinchona lancifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Colombian tree; source of Cartagena bark (a cinchona bark)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calisaya", + "Cinchona officinalis", + "Cinchona ledgeriana", + "Cinchona calisaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian shrub or small tree having large glossy leaves and cymes of fragrant yellow to green or red flowers; cultivated for its medicinal bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinchona tree", + "Cinchona pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of Ecuador and Peru having very large glossy leaves and large panicles of fragrant pink flowers; cultivated for its medicinal bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinchona", + "cinchona bark", + "Peruvian bark", + "Jesuit's bark" + ], + "it": [ + "china" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicinal bark of cinchona trees; source of quinine and quinidine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galium", + "genus Galium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs: bedstraw; cleavers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedstraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Galium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet woodruff", + "waldmeister", + "woodruff", + "fragrant bedstraw", + "Galium odoratum", + "Asperula odorata" + ], + "it": [ + "Galium odoratum", + "asperula", + "caglio odoroso", + "stellina odorosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern bedstraw", + "Northern snow bedstraw", + "Galium boreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow bedstraw", + "yellow cleavers", + "Our Lady's bedstraw", + "Galium verum" + ], + "it": [ + "Galium verum", + "caglio vero", + "caglio zolfino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild licorice", + "Galium lanceolatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedstraw with sweetish roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavers", + "clivers", + "goose grass", + "catchweed", + "spring cleavers", + "Galium aparine" + ], + "it": [ + "Galium aparine", + "asperella", + "asprella", + "attaccamani", + "attaccaveste", + "attaccavesti", + "caglio asprello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild madder", + "white madder", + "white bedstraw", + "infant's-breath", + "false baby's breath", + "Galium mollugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gardenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of attractive Old World tropical shrubs and small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gardenia" + ], + "it": [ + "cardenia", + "gardenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs and small trees of the genus Gardenia having large fragrant white or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape jasmine", + "cape jessamine", + "Gardenia jasminoides", + "Gardenia augusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub widely cultivated for its large fragrant waxlike white flowers and glossy leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Genipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs bearing yellow flowers and succulent edible fruit with a thick rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the genus Genipa bearing yellow flowers and edible fruit with a thick rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genipap fruit", + "jagua", + "marmalade box", + "Genipa Americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of the West Indies and northern South America bearing succulent edible orange-sized fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hamelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tropical American shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several flowering tropical or subtropical shrubs of the genus Hamelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet bush", + "scarlet hamelia", + "coloradillo", + "Hamelia patens", + "Hamelia erecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome shrub with showy orange to scarlet or crimson flowers; Florida and West Indies to Mexico and Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchella", + "genus Mitchella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen herbs of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partridgeberry", + "boxberry", + "twinberry", + "Mitchella repens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping woody plant of eastern North America with shiny evergreen leaves and scarlet berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nauclea", + "genus Nauclea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen tropical shrubs or trees with smooth leathery leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opepe", + "Nauclea diderrichii", + "Sarcocephalus diderrichii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large African forest tree yielding a strong hard yellow to golden brown lumber; sometimes placed in genus Sarcocephalus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinckneya", + "genus Pinckneya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs or small trees of southeastern United States and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever tree", + "Georgia bark", + "bitter-bark", + "Pinckneya pubens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental shrub or small tree of swampy areas in southwestern United States having large pink or white sepals and yielding Georgia bark for treating fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psychotria", + "genus Psychotria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical chiefly South American shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemonwood", + "lemon-wood", + "lemonwood tree", + "lemon-wood tree", + "Psychotria capensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African evergreen having hard tough wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemonwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard tough elastic wood of the lemonwood tree; used for making bows and fishing rods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcocephalus", + "genus Sarcocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical African trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negro peach", + "Sarcocephalus latifolius", + "Sarcocephalus esculentus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout spreading or semi-climbing tropical shrub with round brownish-red warty fruit; Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vangueria", + "genus Vangueria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African and Asiatic trees and shrubs having one-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild medlar", + "wild medlar tree", + "medlar", + "Vangueria infausta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of southern Africa having edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish tamarind", + "Vangueria madagascariensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree of Madagascar occasionally cultivated for its edible apple-shaped fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caprifoliaceae", + "family Caprifoliaceae", + "honeysuckle family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs and small trees and woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Abelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly east Asian shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abelia" + ], + "it": [ + "abelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous or evergreen ornamental shrubs of the genus Abelia having opposite simple leaves and cymes of small white or pink or purplish flowers; Asia and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diervilla", + "genus Diervilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low deciduous shrubs: bush honeysuckles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush honeysuckle", + "Diervilla lonicera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spreading bush of northeastern United States having small clusters of fragrant green and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush honeysuckle", + "Diervilla sessilifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bush honeysuckle of southeastern United States having large crowded clusters of sulfur-yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kolkwitzia", + "genus Kolkwitzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese genus of 1 species: beauty bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty bush", + "Kolkwitzia amabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese deciduous shrub with yellow-throated pinkish flowers and bristly fruit; often cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leycesteria", + "genus Leycesteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small species of shrubs of western Himalayas to China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himalaya honeysuckle", + "Leycesteria formosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub honeysuckle with drooping spikes of purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linnaea", + "genus Linnaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: twinflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinflower", + "Linnaea borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping evergreen subshrub of the northern parts of Europe and Asia with delicate fragrant tubular bell-shaped usually pink flowers borne in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American twinflower", + "Linnaea borealis americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the twinflower of northern Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lonicera", + "genus Lonicera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeysuckle" + ], + "it": [ + "caprifoglio", + "madreselva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or vine of the genus Lonicera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white honeysuckle", + "Lonicera albiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy honeysuckle with twining branches and white or yellow-white flowers; southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American fly honeysuckle", + "fly honeysuckle", + "Lonicera canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect deciduous North American shrub with yellow-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian honeysuckle", + "Italian woodbine", + "Lonicera caprifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Lonicera caprifolium", + "abbracciabosco", + "caprifoglio comune", + "madreselva comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous climbing shrub with fragrant yellow-white flowers in axillary whorls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow honeysuckle", + "Lonicera dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining deciduous shrub with clusters of purple-tinged yellow-green flowers; northeastern America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow honeysuckle", + "Lonicera flava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing deciduous shrub with fragrant yellow (later orange) flowers in terminal whorls; southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy honeysuckle", + "Lonicera hirsuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining deciduous shrub with hairy leaves and spikes of yellow-orange flowers; northeastern America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinberry", + "Lonicera involucrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby honeysuckle with purple flowers; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese honeysuckle", + "Lonicera japonica" + ], + "it": [ + "Lonicera japonica", + "caprifoglio giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asiatic trailing evergreen honeysuckle with half-evergreen leaves and fragrant white flowers turning yellow with age; has become a weed in some areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall's honeysuckle", + "Lonicera japonica halliana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of Japanese honeysuckle that grows like a vine; established as an aggressive escape in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morrow's honeysuckle", + "Lonicera morrowii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey deciduous honeysuckle shrub paired white flowers turning yellow; Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodbine", + "Lonicera periclymenum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European twining honeysuckle with fragrant red and yellow-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet honeysuckle", + "coral honeysuckle", + "trumpet flower", + "trumpet vine", + "Lonicera sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen North American honeysuckle vine having coral-red or orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush honeysuckle", + "Tartarian honeysuckle", + "Lonicera tatarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a honeysuckle shrub of southern Russia to central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European fly honeysuckle", + "European honeysuckle", + "Lonicera xylosteum" + ], + "it": [ + "Lonicera xylosteum", + "caprifoglio peloso", + "madreselva pelosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated Eurasian shrub with twin yellowish-white flowers and scarlet fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp fly honeysuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of fly honeysuckle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symphoricarpos", + "genus Symphoricarpos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs of North America and Central America and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowberry", + "common snowberry", + "waxberry", + "Symphoricarpos alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of western North America having spikes of pink flowers followed by round white berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coralberry", + "Indian currant", + "Symphoricarpos orbiculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American deciduous shrub cultivated for it abundant clusters of coral-red berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sambucus", + "genus Sambucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elder; elderberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elder", + "elderberry bush" + ], + "it": [ + "sambuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs or small trees of temperate and subtropical northern hemisphere having white flowers and berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American elder", + "black elderberry", + "sweet elder", + "Sambucus canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common elder of central and eastern North America bearing purple-black berries; fruit used in wines and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue elder", + "blue elderberry", + "Sambucus caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of western United States having white flowers and blue berries; fruit used in wines and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf elder", + "danewort", + "Sambucus ebulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sambucus ebulus", + "ebbio", + "ebulo", + "sambuco lebbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf herbaceous elder of Europe having pink flowers and a nauseous odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourtree", + "black elder", + "common elder", + "elderberry", + "European elder", + "Sambucus nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Sambucus nigra", + "sambuco comune", + "sambuco nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common shrub with black fruit or a small tree of Europe and Asia; fruit used for wines and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American red elder", + "red-berried elder", + "stinking elder", + "Sambucus pubens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American shrub or small tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European red elder", + "red-berried elder", + "Sambucus racemosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Sambucus racemosa", + "sambuco rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triostium", + "genus Triostium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic and North American herbs: feverroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feverroot", + "horse gentian", + "tinker's root", + "wild coffee", + "Triostium perfoliatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viburnum", + "genus Viburnum" + ], + "it": [ + "viburno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees: arrow-wood; wayfaring tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry bush", + "cranberry tree", + "American cranberry bush", + "highbush cranberry", + "Viburnum trilobum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous North American shrub or small tree having three-lobed leaves and red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wayfaring tree", + "twist wood", + "twistwood", + "Viburnum lantana" + ], + "it": [ + "Viburnum lantana", + "lantana", + "viburno lantana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous deciduous European treelike shrub common along waysides; red berries turn black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guelder rose", + "European cranberrybush", + "European cranberry bush", + "crampbark", + "cranberry tree", + "Viburnum opulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Viburnum opulus", + "palle di neve", + "pallone di neve", + "pallone di maggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous thicket-forming Old World shrub with clusters of white flowers and small bright red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow wood", + "southern arrow wood", + "Viburnum dentatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern North America having blue-black berries and tough pliant wood formerly used to make arrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow wood", + "Viburnum recognitum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely related to southern arrow wood; grows in the eastern United States from Maine to Ohio and Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black haw", + "Viburnum prunifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upright deciduous shrub having frosted dark-blue fruit; east and east central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Weigela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "east Asian flowering shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigela", + "Weigela florida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub widely cultivated for its white or pink or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipsacaceae", + "family Dipsacaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly southern European herbs with flowers usually in dense cymose heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipsacus", + "genus Dipsacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dipsacaceae: teasel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teasel", + "teazel", + "teasle" + ], + "it": [ + "cardo dei lanaioli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common teasel", + "Dipsacus fullonum" + ], + "it": [ + "Dipsacus fullonum", + "scardaccione selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuller's teasel", + "Dipsacus sativus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild teasel", + "Dipsacus sylvestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Scabiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs; mainly Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scabious", + "scabiosa" + ], + "it": [ + "scabbiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Scabiosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet scabious", + "pincushion flower", + "mournful widow", + "Scabiosa atropurpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World annual having fragrant purple to deep crimson flower heads; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field scabious", + "Scabiosa arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "scabbiosa", + "scabiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial having bluish-lilac flowers; introduced in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balsaminaceae", + "family Balsaminaceae", + "balsam family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished from the family Geraniaceae by the irregular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Impatiens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs with stems more or less succulent; cosmopolitan except for South America, Australia, and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewelweed", + "lady's earrings", + "orange balsam", + "celandine", + "touch-me-not", + "Impatiens capensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geraniales", + "order Geraniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of plants of subclass Rosidae including geraniums and many other plants; see Euphorbiaceae; Geraniaceae; Rutaceae; Malpighiaceae; Simaroubaceae; Meliaceae; Zygophyllaceae; Tropaeolaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geraniaceae", + "family Geraniaceae", + "geranium family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly herbaceous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geranium" + ], + "it": [ + "geranio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Geranium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly North American geraniums: cranesbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranesbill", + "crane's bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild geranium", + "spotted cranesbill", + "Geranium maculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common wild geranium of eastern North America with deeply parted leaves and rose-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow cranesbill", + "Geranium pratense" + ], + "it": [ + "Geranium pratense", + "geranio dei prati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial cranesbill with paired violet-blue axillary flowers; native to northern parts of Old World and naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richardson's geranium", + "Geranium richardsonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geranium of western North America having branched clusters of white or pale pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb robert", + "herbs robert", + "herb roberts", + "Geranium robertianum" + ], + "it": [ + "Geranium robertianum", + "geranio di San Roberto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sticky low herb with small reddish-purple flowers; widespread in the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticky geranium", + "Geranium viscosissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geranium of western North America having pinkish-purple flowers in open clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dove's foot geranium", + "Geranium molle" + ], + "it": [ + "Geranium molle", + "geranio volgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western geranium with small pink flowers; a common weed on lawns and in vacant lots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelargonium", + "genus Pelargonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geraniums native chiefly to South Africa; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose geranium", + "sweet-scented geranium", + "Pelargonium graveolens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several southern African geraniums having fragrant three-lobed to five-lobed leaves and pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish geranium", + "bedding geranium", + "zonal pelargonium", + "Pelargonium hortorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivy geranium", + "ivy-leaved geranium", + "hanging geranium", + "Pelargonium peltatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple geranium", + "nutmeg geranium", + "Pelargonium odoratissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon geranium", + "Pelargonium limoneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erodium", + "genus Erodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geraniums of Europe and South America and Australia especially mountainous regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storksbill", + "heron's bill" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "becco di gru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Erodium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redstem storksbill", + "alfilaria", + "alfileria", + "filaree", + "filaria", + "clocks", + "pin grass", + "pin clover", + "Erodium cicutarium" + ], + "it": [ + "Erodium cicutarium", + "becco di gru comune", + "cicutaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European weed naturalized in southwestern United States and Mexico having reddish decumbent stems with small fernlike leaves and small deep reddish-lavender flowers followed by slender fruits that stick straight up; often grown for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk clover", + "muskus grass", + "white-stemmed filaree", + "Erodium moschatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Erodium moschatum", + "becco di gru aromatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low annual European herb naturalized in America; similar to alfilaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas storksbill", + "Erodium texanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of prairies and desert areas of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythroxylaceae", + "family Erythroxylaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants of order Geraniales; have drupaceous fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythroxylon", + "genus Erythroxylon", + "Erythroxylum", + "genus Erythroxylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of South American shrubs and small trees of the family Erythroxylaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythroxylon coca", + "coca", + "coca plant" + ], + "it": [ + "coca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American shrub whose leaves are chewed by natives of the Andes; a source of cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythroxylon truxiuense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American shrub whose leaves are a source of cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burseraceae", + "family Burseraceae", + "torchwood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resinous or aromatic chiefly tropical shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical trees of the family Burseraceae yielding fragrant gums or resins that are burned as incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elemi", + "gum elemi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant resin obtain from trees of the family Burseraceae and used as incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bursera", + "genus Bursera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Burseraceae; tropical and subtropical American shrubs and trees some yielding timber and gum elemi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant tree", + "Bursera microphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree or shrub of the southwestern United States having a spicy odor and odd-pinnate leaves and small clusters of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumbo-limbo", + "Bursera simaruba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree yielding a reddish resin used in cements and varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boswellia", + "genus Boswellia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of trees of North Africa and India that yield incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boswellia carteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree yielding an aromatic gum resin burned as incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salai", + "Boswellia serrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree yielding a resin used medicinally and burned as incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commiphora", + "genus Commiphora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of East Indian and African trees yielding balsamic products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balm of gilead", + "Commiphora meccanensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tree of Africa and Asia; leaves have a strong aromatic odor when bruised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrrh tree", + "Commiphora myrrha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of eastern Africa and Asia yielding myrrh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrrh", + "gum myrrh", + "sweet cicely" + ], + "it": [ + "mirra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic resin that is burned as incense and used in perfume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protium", + "genus Protium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly tropical American trees having fragrant wood and yielding gum elemi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protium heptaphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protium guianense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant wood of two incense trees of the genus Protium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callitrichaceae", + "family Callitrichaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dicot aquatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callitriche", + "genus Callitriche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water starworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water starwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several aquatic plants having a star-shaped rosette of floating leaves; America, Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malpighiaceae", + "family Malpighiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malpighia", + "genus Malpighia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Malpighiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jiqui", + "Malpighia obovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cuban timber tree with hard wood very resistant to moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbados cherry", + "acerola", + "Surinam cherry", + "West Indian cherry", + "Malpighia glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American shrub bearing edible acid red fruit resembling cherries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meliaceae", + "family Meliaceae", + "mahogany family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees and shrubs including many important timber and ornamental trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahogany", + "mahogany tree" + ], + "it": [ + "acagiù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical timber trees of the family Meliaceae especially the genus Swietinia valued for their hard yellowish- to reddish-brown wood that is readily worked and takes a high polish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahogany" + ], + "it": [ + "mogano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various mahogany trees; much used for cabinetwork and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melia", + "genus Melia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Meliaceae: East Indian and Australian deciduous trees with leaves resembling those of the ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinaberry", + "chinaberry tree", + "China tree", + "Persian lilac", + "pride-of-India", + "azederach", + "azedarach", + "Melia azederach", + "Melia azedarach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of northern India and China having purple blossoms and small inedible yellow fruits; naturalized in the southern United States as a shade tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azadirachta", + "genus Azadirachta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large important East Indian trees: neem trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neem", + "neem tree", + "nim tree", + "margosa", + "arishth", + "Azadirachta indica", + "Melia Azadirachta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large semi-evergreen tree of the East Indies; trunk exudes a tenacious gum; bitter bark used as a tonic; seeds yield an aromatic oil; sometimes placed in genus Melia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neem seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of neem trees; source of pesticides and fertilizer and medicinal products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cedrela", + "genus Cedrela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish cedar", + "Spanish cedar tree", + "Cedrela odorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree yielding fragrant wood used especially for boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chloroxylon", + "genus Chloroxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous trees of India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satinwood", + "satinwood tree", + "Chloroxylon swietenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree with valuable hard lustrous yellowish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satinwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard yellowish wood of a satinwood tree having a satiny luster; used for fine cabinetwork and tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entandrophragma", + "genus Entandrophragma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cedar mahogany trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African scented mahogany", + "cedar mahogany", + "sapele mahogany", + "Entandrophragma cylindricum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree having rather lightweight cedar-scented wood varying in color from pink to reddish brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flindersia", + "genus Flindersia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian timber trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various timber trees of the genus Flindersia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native beech", + "flindosa", + "flindosy", + "Flindersia australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Australian timber tree yielding tough hard wood used for staves etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunji-bunji", + "Flindersia schottiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian timber tree whose bark yields a poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khaya", + "genus Khaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African mahogany trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African mahogany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree having hard heavy odorless wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lansium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Meliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanseh tree", + "langsat", + "langset", + "Lansium domesticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree bearing an edible yellow berry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lovoa", + "genus Lovoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of African timber trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African walnut", + "Lovoa klaineana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African timber tree with wood that resembles mahogany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swietinia", + "genus Swietinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American mahogany trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true mahogany", + "Cuban mahogany", + "Dominican mahogany", + "Swietinia mahogani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mahogany tree of West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honduras mahogany", + "Swietinia macrophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important Central American mahogany tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toona", + "genus Toona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly included in genus Cedrela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine mahogany", + "Philippine cedar", + "kalantas", + "Toona calantas", + "Cedrela calantas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Philippine timber tree having hard red fragrant wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine mahogany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red hardwood of the Philippine mahogany tree used for cigar boxes and interior finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar-box cedar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant wood much used for cigar boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Turreae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of trees and shrubs of tropical Africa and Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turreae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees and shrubs grown for their beautiful glossy foliage and sweetly fragrant starry flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidobotryaceae", + "family Lepidobotryaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family created in 1950 solely for the classification of a distinctive African tree repeatedly classified in other families; trees long believed to exist only in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lepidobotrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of dicotyledonous trees belonging to the family Lepidobotryaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidobotrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree often classified in other families; similar to the Costa Rican caracolito in wood structure as well as in fruit and flowers and leaves and seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruptiliocarpon", + "genus Ruptiliocarpon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "new (1993) genus of trees of Central America now recognized as similar to those of genus Lepidobotrys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caracolito", + "Ruptiliocarpon caracolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Costa Rican tree having light-colored wood suitable for cabinetry; similar to the African lepidobotrys in wood structure as well as in fruit and flowers and leaves and seeds; often classified in other families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxalidaceae", + "family Oxalidaceae", + "wood-sorrel family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of widely distributed herbs of the order Geraniales; have compound leaves and pentamerous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Oxalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Oxalidaceae; large genus of plants having leaves that resemble clover and variously colored flowers usually clustered in umbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxalis", + "sorrel", + "wood sorrel" + ], + "it": [ + "acetosella", + "ossalide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wood sorrel", + "cuckoo bread", + "shamrock", + "Oxalis acetosella" + ], + "it": [ + "Oxalis acetosella", + "acetosella dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white purple-veined flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda buttercup", + "English-weed", + "Oxalis pes-caprae", + "Oxalis cernua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping oxalis", + "creeping wood sorrel", + "Oxalis corniculata" + ], + "it": [ + "Oxalis corniculata", + "acetosella dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goatsfoot", + "goat's foot", + "Oxalis caprina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violet wood sorrel", + "Oxalis violacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oca", + "oka", + "Oxalis tuberosa", + "Oxalis crenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Averrhoa", + "genus Averrhoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees native to East Indies having pinnate leaves: carambolas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carambola", + "carambola tree", + "Averrhoa carambola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree bearing deeply ridged yellow-brown fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilimbi", + "Averrhoa bilimbi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian evergreen tree bearing very acid fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygalaceae", + "family Polygalaceae", + "milkwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees, shrubs, and herbs widely distributed throughout both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygala", + "genus Polygala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Polygalaceae: milkwort; senega; snakeroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkwort" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Polygala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senega", + "Polygala alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial bushy herb of central and southern United States having white flowers with green centers and often purple crest; similar to Seneca snakeroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange milkwort", + "yellow milkwort", + "candyweed", + "yellow bachelor's button", + "Polygala lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog plant of pine barrens of southeastern United States having spikes of irregular yellow-orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering wintergreen", + "gaywings", + "bird-on-the-wing", + "fringed polygala", + "Polygala paucifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common trailing perennial milkwort of eastern North America having leaves like wintergreen and usually rosy-purple flowers with winged sepals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seneca snakeroot", + "Seneka snakeroot", + "senga root", + "senega root", + "senega snakeroot", + "Polygala senega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern North American plant having a terminal cluster of small white flowers and medicinal roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried root of two plants of the genus Polygala containing an irritating saponin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common milkwort", + "gand flower", + "Polygala vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Polygala vulgaris", + "bozzolina", + "poligala comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European perennial with numerous branches having racemes of blue, pink or white flowers; formerly reputed to promote human lactation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutaceae", + "family Rutaceae", + "rue family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous plants of order Geraniales; have flowers that are divide into four or five parts and usually have a strong scent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruta", + "genus Ruta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rutaceae; strong-scented Eurasian herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rue", + "herb of grace", + "Ruta graveolens" + ], + "it": [ + "Ruta graveolens", + "ruta", + "ruta comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Citrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange; lemon; lime; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrus", + "citrus tree" + ], + "it": [ + "agrume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical usually thorny evergreen trees of the genus Citrus having leathery evergreen leaves and widely cultivated for their juicy edible fruits having leathery aromatic rinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange", + "orange tree" + ], + "it": [ + "arancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any citrus tree bearing oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orangewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine-grained wood of an orange tree; used in fine woodwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour orange", + "Seville orange", + "bitter orange", + "bitter orange tree", + "bigarade", + "marmalade orange", + "Citrus aurantium" + ], + "it": [ + "chinotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various common orange trees yielding sour or bitter fruit; used as grafting stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bergamot", + "bergamot orange", + "Citrus bergamia" + ], + "it": [ + "bergamotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree with pear-shaped fruit whose oil is used in perfumery; Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomelo", + "pomelo tree", + "pummelo", + "shaddock", + "Citrus maxima", + "Citrus grandis", + "Citrus decumana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern Asian tree producing large fruits resembling grapefruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citron", + "citron tree", + "Citrus medica" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny evergreen small tree or shrub of India widely cultivated for its large lemonlike fruits that have thick warty rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citronwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a citron tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapefruit", + "Citrus paradisi" + ], + "it": [ + "pompelmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "citrus tree bearing large round edible fruit having a thick yellow rind and juicy somewhat acid pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin", + "mandarin orange", + "mandarin orange tree", + "Citrus reticulata" + ], + "it": [ + "mandarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree having flattened globose fruit with very sweet aromatic pulp and thin yellow-orange to flame-orange rind that is loose and easily removed; native to southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangerine", + "tangerine tree" + ], + "it": [ + "clementina", + "mandarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mandarin orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clementine", + "clementine tree" + ], + "it": [ + "clementina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mandarin orange that is grown around the Mediterranean and in South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satsuma", + "satsuma tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mandarin orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet orange", + "sweet orange tree", + "Citrus sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "probably native to southern China; widely cultivated as source of table and juice oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temple orange", + "temple orange tree", + "tangor", + "king orange", + "Citrus nobilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large citrus tree having large sweet deep orange fruit that is easily peeled; widely cultivated in Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangelo", + "tangelo tree", + "ugli fruit", + "Citrus tangelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid between grapefruit and mandarin orange; cultivated especially in Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rangpur", + "rangpur lime", + "lemanderin", + "Citrus limonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid between mandarin orange and lemon having very acid fruit with orange peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon", + "lemon tree", + "Citrus limon" + ], + "it": [ + "limone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small evergreen tree that originated in Asia but is widely cultivated for its fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet lemon", + "sweet lime", + "Citrus limetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lemon tree having fruit with a somewhat insipid sweetish pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lime", + "lime tree", + "Citrus aurantifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "limetta", + "tiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various related trees bearing limes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citroncirus", + "genus Citroncirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross between Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrange", + "citrange tree", + "Citroncirus webberi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more aromatic and acidic than oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dictamnus", + "genus Dictamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Rutaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraxinella", + "dittany", + "burning bush", + "gas plant", + "Dictamnus alba" + ], + "it": [ + "dittamo", + "frassinella", + "frassinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fortunella", + "genus Fortunella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of shrubs native to south China producing small ovoid fruits resembling oranges: includes kumquats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kumquat", + "cumquat", + "kumquat tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees or shrubs of the genus Fortunella bearing small orange-colored edible fruits with thick sweet-flavored skin and sour pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marumi", + "marumi kumquat", + "round kumquat", + "Fortunella japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub bearing round-fruited kumquats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nagami", + "nagami kumquat", + "oval kumquat", + "Fortunella margarita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub bearing oval-fruited kumquats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phellodendron", + "genus Phellodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of aromatic deciduous trees of east Asia often having thick corky bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork tree", + "Phellodendron amurense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree of China and Manchuria having a turpentine aroma and handsome compound leaves turning yellow in autumn and deeply fissured corky bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poncirus", + "genus Poncirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: trifoliate orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifoliate orange", + "trifoliata", + "wild orange", + "Poncirus trifoliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fast-growing spiny deciduous Chinese orange tree bearing sweetly scented flowers and decorative but inedible fruit: used as a stock in grafting and for hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zanthoxylum", + "genus Zanthoxylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs: prickly ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of trees or shrubs of the genus Zanthoxylum having spiny branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothache tree", + "sea ash", + "Zanthoxylum americanum", + "Zanthoxylum fraxineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous aromatic shrub (or tree) having spiny branches and yellowish flowers; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hercules'-club", + "Hercules'-clubs", + "Hercules-club", + "Zanthoxylum clava-herculis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely spiny ornamental of southeastern United States and West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satinwood", + "West Indian satinwood", + "Zanthoxylum flavum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree with smooth lustrous and slightly oily wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simaroubaceae", + "family Simaroubaceae", + "quassia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical trees and shrubs with bitter bark having dry usually one-seeded winged fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitterwood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees or shrubs of the family Simaroubaceae having wood and bark with a bitter taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simarouba", + "genus Simarouba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Simaroubaceae; tropical American trees and shrubs having a pale soft wood and bitter bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marupa", + "Simarouba amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of the Amazon valley yielding a light brittle timber locally regarded as resistant to insect attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradise tree", + "bitterwood", + "Simarouba glauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large tree of tropical North and South America having odd-pinnate leaves and long panicles of small pale yellow flowers followed by scarlet fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ailanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of east Asian and Chinese trees with odd-pinnate leaves and long twisted samaras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ailanthus" + ], + "it": [ + "ailanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several deciduous Asian trees of the genus Ailanthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree of heaven", + "tree of the gods", + "Ailanthus altissima" + ], + "it": [ + "Ailanthus altissima", + "ailanto", + "albero del paradiso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous rapidly growing tree of China with foliage like sumac and sweetish fetid flowers; widely planted in United States as a street tree because of its resistance to pollution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irvingia", + "genus Irvingia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild mango" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild mango", + "dika", + "wild mango tree", + "Irvingia gabonensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree with edible yellow fruit resembling mangos; valued for its oil-rich seed and hardy green wood that resists termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirkia", + "genus Kirkia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical South African trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper tree", + "Kirkia wilmsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small African deciduous tree with spreading crown having leaves clustered toward ends of branches and clusters of creamy flowers resembling lilacs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picrasma", + "genus Picrasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous trees of tropical America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica quassia", + "bitterwood", + "Picrasma excelsa", + "Picrasma excelsum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree yielding the drug Jamaica quassia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica quassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the extract from Quassia amara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Quassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees and shrubs with pinnate leaves and large scarlet flowers; bark is medicinal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quassia", + "bitterwood", + "Quassia amara" + ], + "it": [ + "quassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome South American shrub or small tree having bright scarlet flowers and yielding a valuable fine-grained yellowish wood; yields the bitter drug quassia from its wood and bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tropaeolaceae", + "family Tropaeolaceae", + "nasturtium family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Tropaeolum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tropaeolum", + "genus Tropaeolum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical American genus of dicotyledonous climbing or diffuse pungent herbs constituting the family Tropaeolaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasturtium" + ], + "it": [ + "nasturzio", + "tropeolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden nasturtium", + "Indian cress", + "Tropaeolum majus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush nasturtium", + "Tropaeolum minus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canarybird flower", + "canarybird vine", + "canary creeper", + "Tropaeolum peregrinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climber having flowers that are the color of canaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygophyllaceae", + "family Zygophyllaceae", + "bean-caper family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small trees, shrubs, and herbs of warm arid and saline regions; often resinous; some poisonous: genera Zygophyllum, Tribulus, Guaiacum, Larrea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygophyllum", + "genus Zygophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually tropical herbs or shrubs having ill-smelling foliage and flower buds that are used as capers: bean capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean caper", + "Syrian bean caper", + "Zygophyllum fabago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial shrub of the eastern Mediterranean region and southwestern Asia having flowers whose buds are used as capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulnesia", + "genus Bulnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palo santo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palo santo", + "Bulnesia sarmienti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American tree of dry interior regions of Argentina and Paraguay having resinous heartwood used for incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guaiac wood", + "guaiacum wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heartwood of a palo santo; yields an aromatic oil used in perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guaiacum", + "genus Guaiacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen resinous trees or shrubs of warm and tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignum vitae", + "Guaiacum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "guaiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tree of Caribbean and southern Central America to northern South America; a source of lignum vitae wood, hardest of commercial timbers, and a medicinal resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignum vitae", + "guaiac", + "guaiacum" + ], + "it": [ + "guaiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard greenish-brown wood of the lignum vitae tree and other trees of the genus Guaiacum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard lignum vitae", + "Guaiacum sanctum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tree of the southern United States and West Indies a source of lignum vitae wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guaiacum" + ], + "it": [ + "guaiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicinal resin from the lignum vitae tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Larrea", + "genus Larrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "xerophytic evergreen shrubs; South America to southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creosote bush", + "coville", + "hediondilla", + "Larrea tridentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert shrub of southwestern United States and New Mexico having persistent resinous aromatic foliage and small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonora gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acidulous gum resin of the creosote bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tribulus", + "genus Tribulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caltrop", + "devil's weed", + "Tribulus terestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical annual procumbent poisonous subshrub having fruit that splits into five spiny nutlets; serious pasture weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salicales", + "order Salicales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Salicaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salicaceae", + "family Salicaceae", + "willow family" + ], + "it": [ + "salicacee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two genera of trees or shrubs having hairy catkins: Salix; Populus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salix", + "genus Salix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and widespread genus varying in size from small shrubs to large trees: willows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willow", + "willow tree" + ], + "it": [ + "salice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osier" + ], + "it": [ + "vinco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various willows having pliable twigs used in basketry and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white willow", + "Huntingdon willow", + "Salix alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix alba", + "salice bianco", + "salice comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large willow tree of Eurasia and North Africa having greyish canescent leaves and grey bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver willow", + "silky willow", + "Salix alba sericea", + "Salix sericea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American willow with greyish silky pubescent leaves that usually blacken in drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden willow", + "Salix alba vitellina", + "Salix vitellina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European willow having greyish leaves and yellow-orange twigs used in basketry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket-bat willow", + "Salix alba caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian willow tree having greyish leaves and ascending branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arctic willow", + "Salix arctica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low creeping shrub of Arctic Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeping willow", + "Babylonian weeping willow", + "Salix babylonica" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix babylonica", + "salice piangente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willow with long drooping branches and slender leaves native to China; widely cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wisconsin weeping willow", + "Salix pendulina", + "Salix blanda", + "Salix pendulina blanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid willow usually not strongly weeping in habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pussy willow", + "Salix discolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small willow of eastern North America having greyish leaves and silky catkins that come before the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World shrubby broad-leaved willows having large catkins; some are important sources for tanbark and charcoal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat willow", + "florist's willow", + "pussy willow", + "Salix caprea" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix caprea", + "salice delle capre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched Old World willow having large catkins and relatively large broad leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peachleaf willow", + "peach-leaved willow", + "almond-leaves willow", + "Salix amygdaloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willow of the western United States with leaves like those of peach or almond trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond willow", + "black Hollander", + "Salix triandra", + "Salix amygdalina" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix triandra", + "salice da ceste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World willow with light green leaves cultivated for use in basketry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary willow", + "sage willow", + "Salix candida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American shrub with whitish canescent leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack willow", + "brittle willow", + "snap willow", + "Salix fragilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix fragilis", + "salice fragile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large willow tree with stiff branches that are easily broken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie willow", + "Salix humilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender shrubby willow of dry areas of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf willow", + "Salix herbacea" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix herbacea", + "salice erbaceo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed boreal shrubby willow with partially underground creeping stems and bright green glossy leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey willow", + "gray willow", + "Salix cinerea" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix cinerea", + "salice cinereo", + "salice grigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian shrubby willow with whitish tomentose twigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arroyo willow", + "Salix lasiolepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby willow of the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shining willow", + "Salix lucida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American shrub with shiny lanceolate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp willow", + "black willow", + "Salix nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American shrubby willow having dark bark and linear leaves growing close to streams and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay willow", + "laurel willow", + "Salix pentandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European willow tree with shining leathery leaves; widely naturalized in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple willow", + "red willow", + "red osier", + "basket willow", + "purple osier", + "Salix purpurea" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix purpurea", + "salice rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian osier having reddish or purple twigs and bark rich in tannin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam willow", + "Salix pyrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of eastern North America having leaves exuding an odor of balsam when crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping willow", + "Salix repens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small trailing bush of Europe and Asia having straggling branches with silky green leaves of which several varieties are cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitka willow", + "silky willow", + "Salix sitchensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of western North America (Alaska to Oregon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf grey willow", + "dwarf gray willow", + "sage willow", + "Salix tristis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willow shrub of dry places in the eastern United States having long narrow leaves canescent beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearberry willow", + "Salix uva-ursi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf prostrate mat-forming shrub of Arctic and alpine regions of North America and Greenland having deep green elliptic leaves that taper toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common osier", + "hemp willow", + "velvet osier", + "Salix viminalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Salix viminalis", + "salice da vimini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willow with long flexible twigs used in basketry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Populus", + "genus Populus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of trees of the family Salicaceae that is found in the northern hemisphere; poplars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poplar", + "poplar tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees of north temperate regions having light soft wood and flowers borne in catkins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poplar" + ], + "it": [ + "pioppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft light-colored non-durable wood of the poplar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam poplar", + "hackmatack", + "tacamahac", + "Populus balsamifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poplar of northeastern North America with broad heart-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white poplar", + "white aspen", + "abele", + "aspen poplar", + "silver-leaved poplar", + "Populus alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Populus alba", + "albogatto", + "gattice", + "pioppo bianco", + "albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poplar that is widely cultivated in the United States; has white bark and leaves with whitish undersurfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey poplar", + "gray poplar", + "Populus canescens" + ], + "it": [ + "Populus canescens", + "pioppo canescente", + "pioppo gatterino", + "pioppo grigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large rapidly growing poplar with faintly lobed dentate leaves grey on the lower surface; native to Europe but introduced and naturalized elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black poplar", + "Populus nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Populus nigra", + "pioppo nero", + "pioppo cipressino", + "pioppo italico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European poplar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lombardy poplar", + "Populus nigra italica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished by its columnar fastigiate shape and erect branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American trees of the genus Populus having a tuft of cottony hairs on the seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern cottonwood", + "necklace poplar", + "Populus deltoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common poplar of eastern and central United States; cultivated in United States for its rapid growth and luxuriant foliage and in Europe for timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black cottonwood", + "Western balsam poplar", + "Populus trichocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cottonwood of western North America with dark green leaves shining above and rusty or silvery beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp cottonwood", + "black cottonwood", + "downy poplar", + "swamp poplar", + "Populus heterophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American poplar with large rounded scalloped leaves and brownish bark and wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaking aspen", + "European quaking aspen", + "Populus tremula" + ], + "it": [ + "Populus tremula", + "pioppo tremolo", + "tremolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World aspen with a broad much-branched crown; northwestern Europe and Siberia to North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American quaking aspen", + "American aspen", + "Populus tremuloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender aspen native to North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian aspen", + "bigtooth aspen", + "bigtoothed aspen", + "big-toothed aspen", + "large-toothed aspen", + "large tooth aspen", + "Populus grandidentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspen with a narrow crown; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santalales", + "order Santalales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of plants distinguished by having a one-celled inferior ovary; many are parasitic or partly parasitic usually on roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santalaceae", + "family Santalaceae", + "sandalwood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical herbs or shrubs or trees bearing nuts or one-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santalum", + "genus Santalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic trees of Indonesia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandalwood tree", + "true sandalwood", + "Santalum album" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic tree of Indonesia and Malaysia having fragrant close-grained yellowish heartwood with insect repelling properties and used, e.g., for making chests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandalwood" + ], + "it": [ + "sandalo", + "sandolo", + "legno di sandalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close-grained fragrant yellowish heartwood of the true sandalwood; has insect repelling properties and is used for carving and cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Buckleya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Asiatic and American parasitic shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckleya", + "Buckleya distichophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic shrub of the eastern United States having opposite leaves and insignificant greenish flowers followed by oily dull green olivelike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comandra", + "genus Comandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly North American parasitic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard toadflax", + "Comandra pallida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody creeping parasite of western North America having numerous thick powdery leaves and panicles of small dull-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eucarya", + "genus Eucarya", + "Fusanus", + "genus Fusanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quandong trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quandong", + "quandang", + "quandong tree", + "Eucarya acuminata", + "Fusanus acuminatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree with edible flesh and edible nutlike seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrularia", + "genus Pyrularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly Asiatic parasitic shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbitwood", + "buffalo nut", + "Pyrularia pubera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of southeastern United States parasitic on roots of hemlocks having sparse spikes of greenish flowers and pulpy drupes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo nut", + "elk nut", + "oil nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oily drupaceous fruit of rabbitwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loranthaceae", + "family Loranthaceae", + "mistletoe family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification includes Viscaceae: parasitic or hemiparasitic shrublets or shrubs or small trees of tropical and temperate regions; attach to hosts by haustoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loranthus", + "genus Loranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Loranthaceae: 1 species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistletoe", + "Loranthus europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Loranthus europaeus", + "vischio quercino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of central and southeastern Europe; partially parasitic on beeches, chestnuts and oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arceuthobium", + "genus Arceuthobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly American plants parasitic on conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American mistletoe", + "Arceuthobium pusillum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small herb with scalelike leaves on reddish-brown stems and berrylike fruits; parasitic on spruce and larch trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuytsia", + "genus Nuytsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame tree", + "fire tree", + "Christmas tree", + "Nuytsia floribunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrestrial evergreen shrub or small tree of western Australia having brilliant yellow-orange flowers; parasitic on roots of grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viscaceae", + "family Viscaceae", + "mistletoe family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a subfamily of Loranthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viscum", + "genus Viscum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Viscaceae: Old World evergreen shrubs parasitic on many trees including oaks but especially apple trees, poplars, aspens and cottonwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistletoe", + "Viscum album", + "Old World mistletoe" + ], + "it": [ + "Viscum album", + "vischio comune", + "vischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World parasitic shrub having branching greenish stems with leathery leaves and waxy white glutinous berries; the traditional mistletoe of Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoradendron", + "genus Phoradendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various American parasitic plants similar to Old World mistletoe: false mistletoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistletoe", + "false mistletoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American plants closely resembling Old World mistletoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American mistletoe", + "Phoradendron serotinum", + "Phoradendron flavescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional mistletoe of Christmas in America: grows on deciduous trees and can severely weaken the host plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapindales", + "order Sapindales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapindaceae", + "family Sapindaceae", + "soapberry family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical New and Old World deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs bearing leathery drupes with yellow translucent flesh; most plants produce toxic saponins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aalii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small Hawaiian tree with hard dark wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dodonaea", + "genus Dodonaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical shrub or tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapberry", + "soapberry tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the genus Sapindus whose fruit is rich in saponin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapindus", + "genus Sapindus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sapindaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild China tree", + "Sapindus drumondii", + "Sapindus marginatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree of southwestern United States having pulpy fruit containing saponin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "China tree", + "false dogwood", + "jaboncillo", + "chinaberry", + "Sapindus saponaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen of tropical America having pulpy fruit containing saponin which was used as soap by Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blighia", + "genus Blighia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of western African evergreen trees and shrubs bearing fleshy capsular three-seeded fruits edible when neither unripe nor overripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "akee", + "akee tree", + "Blighia sapida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its fragrant flowers and colorful fruits; introduced in Jamaica by William Bligh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardiospermum", + "genus Cardiospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendril-climbing herbs or shrubs whose seeds have a white heart-shaped spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapberry vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendril-climbing vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartseed", + "Cardiospermum grandiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous vine of tropical America and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon vine", + "heart pea", + "Cardiospermum halicacabum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody perennial climbing plant with large ornamental seed pods that resemble balloons; tropical India and Africa and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dimocarpus", + "genus Dimocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "longan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longan", + "lungen", + "longanberry", + "Dimocarpus longan", + "Euphorbia litchi", + "Nephelium longana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of southeastern Asia to Australia grown primarily for its sweet edible fruit resembling litchi nuts; sometimes placed in genera Euphorbia or Nephelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Harpullia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Asiatic and African trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpullia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tree of the genus Harpullia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpulla", + "Harpullia cupanioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing tree of India and East Indies yielding a wood used especially for building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moreton Bay tulipwood", + "Harpullia pendula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree yielding a variegated tulipwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Litchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litchi", + "lichee", + "litchi tree", + "Litchi chinensis", + "Nephelium litchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese tree cultivated especially in Philippines and India for its edible fruit; sometimes placed in genus Nephelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melicoccus", + "genus Melicoccus", + "Melicocca", + "genus Melicocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees and shrubs bearing berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish lime", + "Spanish lime tree", + "honey berry", + "mamoncillo", + "genip", + "ginep", + "Melicocca bijuga", + "Melicocca bijugatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree bearing a small edible fruit with green leathery skin and sweet juicy translucent pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephelium", + "genus Nephelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of dicotyledonous trees of the family Sapindaceae that are native to Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rambutan", + "rambotan", + "rambutan tree", + "Nephelium lappaceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malayan tree bearing spiny red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulasan", + "pulassan", + "pulasan tree", + "Nephelium mutabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian fruit tree bearing fruit similar to but sweeter than that of the rambutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buxaceae", + "family Buxaceae", + "box family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed evergreen shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buxus", + "genus Buxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Buxaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box", + "boxwood" + ], + "it": [ + "bosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common box", + "European box", + "Buxus sempervirens" + ], + "it": [ + "Buxus sempervirens", + "bosso comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large slow-growing evergreen shrub or small tree with multiple stems; extensively used for hedges or borders and topiary figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxwood", + "Turkish boxwood" + ], + "it": [ + "bosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hard tough close-grained light yellow wood of the box (particularly the common box); used in delicate woodwork: musical instruments and inlays and engraving blocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pachysandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen perennial procumbent subshrubs or herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachysandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Pachysandra; low-growing evergreen herbs or subshrubs having dentate leaves and used as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allegheny spurge", + "Allegheny mountain spurge", + "Pachysandra procumbens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low semi-evergreen perennial herb having small spikes of white or pinkish flowers; native to southern United States but grown elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese spurge", + "Pachysandra terminalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing Japanese evergreen subshrub having terminal spikes of white flowers; grown as a ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celastraceae", + "family Celastraceae", + "spindle-tree family", + "staff-tree family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs and woody vines usually having bright-colored fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small tree or twining shrub of the genus Celastrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celastrus", + "genus Celastrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of woody vines and erect shrubs (type genus of the Celastraceae) that is native chiefly to Asia and Australia: includes bittersweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bittersweet", + "American bittersweet", + "climbing bittersweet", + "false bittersweet", + "staff vine", + "waxwork", + "shrubby bittersweet", + "Celastrus scandens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining shrub of North America having yellow capsules enclosing scarlet seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese bittersweet", + "Japan bittersweet", + "oriental bittersweet", + "Celastrus orbiculatus", + "Celastric articulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental Asiatic vine with showy orange-yellow fruit with a scarlet aril; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euonymus", + "genus Euonymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed chiefly evergreen shrubs or small trees or vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindle tree", + "spindleberry", + "spindleberry tree" + ], + "it": [ + "berretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrubby trees or woody vines of the genus Euonymus having showy usually reddish berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common spindle tree", + "Euonymus europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Euonymus europaeus", + "berretto da prete", + "fusaggine comune", + "fusaria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small erect deciduous shrub having tough white wood and cathartic bark and fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged spindle tree", + "Euonymous alatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy deciduous shrub with branches having thin wide corky longitudinal wings; brilliant red in autumn; northeastern Asia to central China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wahoo", + "burning bush", + "Euonymus atropurpureus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub having purple capsules enclosing scarlet seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry bush", + "wahoo", + "Euonymus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upright deciduous plant with crimson pods and seeds; the eastern United States from New York to Florida and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evergreen bittersweet", + "Euonymus fortunei radicans", + "Euonymus radicans vegetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad and bushy Asiatic twining shrub with pinkish fruit; many subspecies or varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrilliaceae", + "family Cyrilliaceae", + "cyrilla family", + "titi family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs and trees with leathery leaves and small white flowers in racemes: genera Cyrilla and Cliftonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cyrilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: trees and shrubs having flowers with acute or twisted petals and wingless fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyrilla", + "leatherwood", + "white titi", + "Cyrilla racemiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of southeastern United States to West Indies and Brazil; grown for the slender racemes of white flowers and orange and crimson foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cliftonia", + "genus Cliftonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: titi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titi", + "buckwheat tree", + "Cliftonia monophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of low-lying coastal areas of southeastern United States having glossy leaves and racemes of fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Empetraceae", + "family Empetraceae", + "crowberry family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heathlike shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Empetrum", + "genus Empetrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crowberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low evergreen shrub with small purple flowers and black berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aceraceae", + "family Aceraceae", + "maple family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of trees and shrubs of order Sapindales including the maples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acer", + "genus Acer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aceraceae; trees or shrubs having winged fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple" + ], + "it": [ + "acero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees or shrubs of the genus Acer bearing winged seeds in pairs; north temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple" + ], + "it": [ + "acero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various maple trees; especially the hard close-grained wood of the sugar maple; used especially for furniture and flooring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's-eye maple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple wood having a wavy grain with eyelike markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver maple", + "Acer saccharinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common North American maple tree; five-lobed leaves are light green above and silvery white beneath; source of hard close-grained but brittle light-brown wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar maple", + "rock maple", + "Acer saccharum" + ], + "it": [ + "acero canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple of eastern and central North America having three-lobed to five-lobed leaves and hard close-grained wood much used for cabinet work especially the curly-grained form; sap is chief source of maple syrup and maple sugar; many subspecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red maple", + "scarlet maple", + "swamp maple", + "Acer rubrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple of eastern and central America; five-lobed leaves turn scarlet and yellow in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moosewood", + "moose-wood", + "striped maple", + "striped dogwood", + "goosefoot maple", + "Acer pennsylvanicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple of eastern North America with striped bark and large two-lobed leaves clear yellow in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon maple", + "big-leaf maple", + "Acer macrophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple of western North America having large 5-lobed leaves orange in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf maple", + "Rocky-mountain maple", + "Acer glabrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small maple of northwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain maple", + "mountain alder", + "Acer spicatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby maple of eastern North America; scarlet in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vine maple", + "Acer circinatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small maple of northwestern North America having prostrate stems that root freely and form dense thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge maple", + "field maple", + "Acer campestre" + ], + "it": [ + "Acer campestre", + "acero oppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Eurasian maple often used as a hedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norway maple", + "Acer platanoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Acer platanoides", + "acero riccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large Eurasian maple tree naturalized in North America; five-lobed leaves yellow in autumn; cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sycamore", + "great maple", + "scottish maple", + "Acer pseudoplatanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acer pseudoplatanus", + "acero di monte", + "sicomoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian maple tree with pale grey bark that peels in flakes like that of a sycamore tree; leaves with five ovate lobes yellow in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box elder", + "ash-leaved maple", + "Acer negundo" + ], + "it": [ + "Acer negundo", + "acero americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shade tree of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California box elder", + "Acer negundo Californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maple of the Pacific coast of the United States; fruits are white when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointed-leaf maple", + "Acer argutum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby Japanese plant with leaves having 5 to 7 acuminate lobes; yellow in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese maple", + "full moon maple", + "Acer japonicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves deeply incised and bright red in autumn; Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese maple", + "Acer palmatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental shrub or small tree of Japan and Korea with deeply incised leaves; cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipteronia", + "genus Dipteronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of large deciduous shrubs having large clusters of winged seeds that turn red as they mature; central and southern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquifoliaceae", + "family Aquifoliaceae", + "holly family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holly" + ], + "it": [ + "agrifoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree or shrub of the genus Ilex having red berries and shiny evergreen leaves with prickly edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ilex", + "genus Ilex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of dicotyledonous trees and shrubs of the family Aquifoliaceae that have small flowers and berries (including hollies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese holly", + "Ilex cornuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dense rounded evergreen shrub of China having spiny leaves; widely cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearberry", + "possum haw", + "winterberry", + "Ilex decidua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of southeastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkberry", + "gallberry", + "gall-berry", + "evergreen winterberry", + "Ilex glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen holly of eastern North America with oblong leathery leaves and small black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate", + "Paraguay tea", + "Ilex paraguariensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American holly; leaves used in making a drink like tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American holly", + "Christmas holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low gallberry holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall gallberry holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yaupon holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deciduous holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juneberry holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largeleaf holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geogia holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common winterberry holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth winterberry holly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holly shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anacardiaceae", + "family Anacardiaceae", + "sumac family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cashew family; trees and shrubs and vines having resinous (sometimes poisonous) juice; includes cashew and mango and pistachio and poison ivy and sumac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anacardium", + "genus Anacardium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anacardiaceae: cashew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashew", + "cashew tree", + "Anacardium occidentale" + ], + "it": [ + "acagiù", + "anacardio", + "anacardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American evergreen tree bearing kidney-shaped nuts that are edible only when roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astronium", + "genus Astronium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the family Anacardiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goncalo alves", + "Astronium fraxinifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tropical American timber tree especially abundant in eastern Brazil; yields hard strong durable zebrawood with straight grain and dark strips on a pinkish to yellowish ground; widely used for veneer and furniture and heavy construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotinus", + "genus Cotinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoke trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke tree", + "smoke bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs or shrubby trees of the genus Cotinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American smokewood", + "chittamwood", + "Cotinus americanus", + "Cotinus obovatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree of southern United States having large plumes of feathery flowers resembling puffs of smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venetian sumac", + "wig tree", + "Cotinus coggygria" + ], + "it": [ + "Cotinus coggygria", + "sommacco selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World shrub having large plumes of yellowish feathery flowers resembling puffs of smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malosma", + "genus Malosma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; often included in the genus Rhus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurel sumac", + "Malosma laurina", + "Rhus laurina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small aromatic evergreen shrub of California having paniculate leaves and whitish berries; in some classifications included in genus Rhus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mangifera", + "genus Mangifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree native to Asia bearing fleshy fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mango", + "mango tree", + "Mangifera indica" + ], + "it": [ + "mango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen tropical tree cultivated for its large oval fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pistacia", + "genus Pistacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of trees of the family Anacardiaceae having drupaceous fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistachio", + "Pistacia vera", + "pistachio tree" + ], + "it": [ + "pistacchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of southern Europe and Asia Minor bearing small hard-shelled nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terebinth", + "Pistacia terebinthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mediterranean tree yielding Chian turpentine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastic", + "mastic tree", + "lentisk", + "Pistacia lentiscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen shrub of the Mediterranean region that is cultivated for its resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodosphaera", + "genus Rhodosphaera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; an Australian evergreen sumac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian sumac", + "Rhodosphaera rhodanthema", + "Rhus rhodanthema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen of Australia yielding a dark yellow wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhus", + "genus Rhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen shrubs and shrubby trees of temperate and subtropical North America, South Africa, eastern Asia and northeastern Australia; usually limited to nonpoisonous sumacs (see genus Toxicodendron)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumac", + "sumach", + "shumac" + ], + "it": [ + "sommacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub or tree of the genus Rhus (usually limited to the non-poisonous members of the genus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a sumac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragrant sumac", + "lemon sumac", + "Rhus aromatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet-scented sumac of eastern America having ternate leaves and yellowish-green flowers in spikes resembling catkins followed by red hairy fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth sumac", + "scarlet sumac", + "vinegar tree", + "Rhus glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common nonpoisonous shrub of eastern North America with waxy compound leaves and green paniculate flowers followed by red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf sumac", + "mountain sumac", + "black sumac", + "shining sumac", + "Rhus copallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common nonpoisonous shrub of eastern North America with compound leaves and green paniculate flowers followed by red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar-bush", + "sugar sumac", + "Rhus ovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of southeastern United States with spikes of reddish yellow flowers and glandular hairy fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staghorn sumac", + "velvet sumac", + "Virginian sumac", + "vinegar tree", + "Rhus typhina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubby tree or eastern North America with compound leaves that turn brilliant red in fall and dense panicles of greenish yellow flowers followed by crimson acidic berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squawbush", + "squaw-bush", + "skunkbush", + "Rhus trilobata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of California with unpleasantly scented usually trifoliate leaves and edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schinus", + "genus Schinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of evergreen shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical regions of South and Central America and Canary Islands and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aroeira blanca", + "Schinus chichita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small resinous tree or shrub of Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper tree", + "molle", + "Peruvian mastic tree", + "Schinus molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Peruvian evergreen with broad rounded head and slender pendant branches with attractive clusters of greenish flowers followed by clusters of rose-pink fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian pepper tree", + "Schinus terebinthifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Brazilian evergreen resinous tree or shrub having dark green leaflets and white flowers followed by bright red fruit; used as a street tree and lawn specimen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spondias", + "genus Spondias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees having one-seeded fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog plum", + "yellow mombin", + "yellow mombin tree", + "Spondias mombin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree having edible yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mombin", + "mombin tree", + "jocote", + "Spondias purpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common tropical American shrub or small tree with purplish fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toxicodendron", + "genus Toxicodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications: comprising those members of the genus Rhus having foliage that is poisonous to the touch; of North America and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison ash", + "poison dogwood", + "poison sumac", + "Toxicodendron vernix", + "Rhus vernix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth American swamp shrub with pinnate leaves and greenish flowers followed by greenish white berries; yields an irritating oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison ivy", + "markweed", + "poison mercury", + "poison oak", + "Toxicodendron radicans", + "Rhus radicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing plant common in eastern and central United States with ternate leaves and greenish flowers followed by white berries; yields an irritating oil that causes a rash on contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western poison oak", + "Toxicodendron diversilobum", + "Rhus diversiloba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous shrub of the Pacific coast of North America that causes a rash on contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern poison oak", + "Toxicodendron quercifolium", + "Rhus quercifolia", + "Rhus toxicodenedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous shrub of southeastern United States causing a rash on contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varnish tree", + "lacquer tree", + "Chinese lacquer tree", + "Japanese lacquer tree", + "Japanese varnish tree", + "Japanese sumac", + "Toxicodendron vernicifluum", + "Rhus verniciflua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic tree yielding a toxic exudate from which lacquer is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippocastanaceae", + "family Hippocastanaceae", + "horse-chestnut family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees having showy flowers and inedible nutlike seeds in a leathery capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aesculus", + "genus Aesculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous trees or some shrubs of North America; southeastern Europe; eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse chestnut", + "buckeye", + "Aesculus hippocastanum" + ], + "it": [ + "Aesculus hippocastanum", + "castagno d'India", + "ippocastano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree having palmate leaves and large clusters of white to red flowers followed by brown shiny inedible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckeye", + "horse chestnut", + "conker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inedible nutlike seed of the horse chestnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall and often cultivated buckeye of the central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohio buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buckeye with scaly grey bark that is found in the central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf buckeye", + "bottlebrush buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spreading shrub with pink flowers; found in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub buckeye of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particolored buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buckeye marked by different colors or tints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staphylaceae", + "family Staphylaceae", + "bladdernut family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous plants of order Sapindales found mostly in the north temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staphylea", + "genus Staphylea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of small trees or shrubs of the family Staphylaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ebenales", + "order Ebenales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees or shrubs of the families Ebenaceae or Sapotaceae or Styracaceae or Symplocaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ebenaceae", + "family Ebenaceae", + "ebony family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit and timber trees of tropical and warm regions including ebony and persimmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diospyros", + "genus Diospyros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of trees or shrubs that have beautiful and valuable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebony", + "ebony tree", + "Diospyros ebenum" + ], + "it": [ + "ebano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree of southern Asia having hard dark-colored heartwood used in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebony" + ], + "it": [ + "ebano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard dark-colored heartwood of the ebony tree; used in cabinetwork and for piano keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marblewood", + "marble-wood", + "Andaman marble", + "Diospyros kurzii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Asiatic tree having hard marbled zebrawood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marblewood", + "marble-wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard marbled wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persimmon", + "persimmon tree" + ], + "it": [ + "cachi", + "kaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical trees of the genus Diospyros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese persimmon", + "kaki", + "Diospyros kaki" + ], + "it": [ + "cachi", + "kaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous Asiatic tree bearing large red or orange edible astringent fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American persimmon", + "possumwood", + "Diospyros virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of dry woodlands in the southern and eastern United States bearing yellow or orange very astringent fruit that is edible when fully ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date plum", + "Diospyros lotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asiatic persimmon tree cultivated for its small yellow or purplish-black edible fruit much valued by Afghan tribes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapotaceae", + "family Sapotaceae", + "sapodilla family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees or shrubs with milky juice and often edible fleshy fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achras", + "genus Achras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical trees having papery leaves and large fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bumelia", + "genus Bumelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen American shrubs small trees having very hard wood and milky latex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckthorn" + ], + "it": [ + "spincervino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or small tree of the genus Bumelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern buckthorn", + "shittimwood", + "shittim", + "mock orange", + "Bumelia lycioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby thorny deciduous tree of southeastern United States with white flowers and small black drupaceous fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false buckthorn", + "chittamwood", + "chittimwood", + "shittimwood", + "black haw", + "Bumelia lanuginosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree of southeastern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calocarpum", + "genus Calocarpum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American trees of the family Sapotaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysophyllum", + "genus Chrysophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star apple", + "caimito", + "Chrysophyllum cainito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of West Indies and Central America having edible purple fruit star-shaped in cross section and dark green leaves with golden silky undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satinleaf", + "satin leaf", + "caimitillo", + "damson plum", + "Chrysophyllum oliviforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American timber tree with dark hard heavy wood and small plumlike purple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manilkara", + "genus Manilkara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large evergreen trees with milky latex; pantropical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balata", + "balata tree", + "beefwood", + "bully tree", + "Manilkara bidentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical hardwood tree yielding balata gum and heavy red timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balata", + "gutta balata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "when dried yields a hard substance used e.g. in golf balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapodilla", + "sapodilla tree", + "Manilkara zapota", + "Achras zapota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical American evergreen yielding chicle gum and edible fruit; sometimes placed in genus Achras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palaquium", + "genus Palaquium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Malaysian trees with milky juice and leathery leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutta-percha tree", + "Palaquium gutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several East Indian trees yielding gutta-percha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Payena", + "genus Payena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of medium to large Malaysian trees yielding gutta-percha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutta-percha tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several East Indian trees yielding gutta-percha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pouteria", + "genus Pouteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American timber tree with edible fruit (canistel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canistel", + "canistel tree", + "Pouteria campechiana nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree of Florida and West Indies yielding edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmalade tree", + "mammee", + "sapote", + "Pouteria zapota", + "Calocarpum zapota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree having wood like mahogany and sweet edible egg-shaped fruit; in some classifications placed in the genus Calocarpum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symplocaceae", + "family Symplocaceae", + "sweetleaf family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous family of order Ebenales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symplocus", + "genus Symplocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Symplocaceae including sweetleaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetleaf", + "Symplocus tinctoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellowwood tree of southern United States having small fragrant white flowers; leaves and bark yield a yellow dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic sweetleaf", + "sapphire berry", + "Symplocus paniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern Asia bearing decorative bright blue fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Styracaceae", + "family Styracaceae", + "storax family", + "styrax family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed family of shrubs and trees of order Ebenales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vanilla-scented resin from various trees of the genus Styrax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Styrax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous or evergreen shrubs and small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "styrax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or small tree of the genus Styrax having fragrant bell-shaped flowers that hang below the dark green foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowbell", + "Styrax obassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree native to Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese snowbell", + "Styrax japonicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree of China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas snowbell", + "Texas snowbells", + "Styrax texana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "styrax of southwestern United States; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halesia", + "genus Halesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous small trees or shrubs of China and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous trees of the genus Halesia having white bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver-bell tree", + "silverbell tree", + "snowdrop tree", + "opossum wood", + "Halesia carolina", + "Halesia tetraptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of West Virginia to Florida and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarraceniales", + "order Sarraceniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants that are variously modified to serve as insect traps: families Sarraceniaceae; Nepenthaceae; Droseraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarraceniaceae", + "family Sarraceniaceae", + "pitcher-plant family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarracenia", + "genus Sarracenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pitcher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common pitcher plant", + "huntsman's cup", + "huntsman's cups", + "Sarracenia purpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial bog herb having dark red flowers and decumbent broadly winged pitchers forming a rosette; of northeastern North America and naturalized in Europe especially Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a leaf that that is modified in such a way as to resemble a pitcher or ewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooded pitcher plant", + "Sarracenia minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered pitcher plant of southeastern United States having trumpet-shaped leaves with the orifice covered with an arched hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huntsman's horn", + "huntsman's horns", + "yellow trumpet", + "yellow pitcher plant", + "trumpets", + "Sarracenia flava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with wide mouths and erect lids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darlingtonia", + "genus Darlingtonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: California pitcher plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California pitcher plant", + "Darlingtonia californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh or bog herb having solitary pendulous yellow-green flowers and somewhat twisted pitchers with broad wings below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heliamphora", + "genus Heliamphora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of pitcher plants of the Guiana Highlands in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun pitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of Guiana highlands having racemes of nodding white or pink flowers; trap and digest insects in pitcher-shaped leaves with spoon-shaped caps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepenthaceae", + "family Nepenthaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Nepenthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepenthes", + "genus Nepenthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pitcher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropical pitcher plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical carnivorous shrubs or woody herbs of the genus Nepenthes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Droseraceae", + "family Droseraceae", + "sundew family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of carnivorous herbs and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drosera", + "genus Drosera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of Droseraceae including many low bog-inhabiting insectivorous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundew", + "sundew plant", + "daily dew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i103999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dionaea", + "genus Dionaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the family Droseraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus's flytrap", + "Venus's flytraps", + "Dionaea muscipula" + ], + "it": [ + "pigliamosche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aldrovanda", + "genus Aldrovanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: waterwheel plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterwheel plant", + "Aldrovanda vesiculosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drosophyllum", + "genus Drosophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drosophyllum lusitanicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roridulaceae", + "family Roridulaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications included in the family Droseraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Roridula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous undershrubs of South Africa; in some classifications placed in the family Droseraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roridula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalotaceae", + "family Cephalotaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants of order Rosales; coextensive with the genus Cephalotus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalotus", + "genus Cephalotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Australian pitcher plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian pitcher plant", + "Cephalotus follicularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crassulaceae", + "family Crassulaceae", + "stonecrop family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent shrubs and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crassula", + "genus Crassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Crassulaceae; herbs and small shrubs having woody stems and succulent aerial parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sedum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of rock plants having thick fleshy leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Sedum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonecrop" + ], + "it": [ + "borraccina", + "borracina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall pepper", + "Sedum acre" + ], + "it": [ + "Sedum acre", + "borracina acre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mossy European creeping sedum with yellow flowers; widely introduced as a ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose-root", + "midsummer-men", + "Sedum rosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orpine", + "orpin", + "livelong", + "live-forever", + "Sedum telephium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeonium", + "genus Aeonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of plants of the family Crassulaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinwheel", + "Aeonium haworthii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial subshrub of Tenerife having leaves in rosettes resembling pinwheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cunoniaceae", + "family Cunoniaceae", + "cunonia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees or shrubs or climbers; mostly southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopetalum", + "genus Ceratopetalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Cunoniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas bush", + "Christmas tree", + "Ceratopetalum gummiferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree or shrub with red flowers; often used in Christmas decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrangeaceae", + "family Hydrangeaceae", + "hydrangea family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes included in the family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hydrangea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Hydrangeaceae; large genus of shrubs and some trees and vines with white or pink or blue flower clusters; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrangea" + ], + "it": [ + "ortensia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous or evergreen shrubs of the genus Hydrangea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing hydrangea", + "Hydrangea anomala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous climber with aerial roots having white to creamy flowers in fairly flat heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild hydrangea", + "Hydrangea arborescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub with creamy white flower clusters; eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hortensia", + "Hydrangea macrophylla hortensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub bearing roundheaded flower clusters opening green and aging to pink or blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall-blooming hydrangea", + "Hydrangea paniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub or small tree with pyramidal flower clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing hydrangea", + "Hydrangea petiolaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous climber with aerial roots having large flat flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Carpenteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenteria", + "Carpenteria californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California evergreen shrub having glossy opposite leaves and terminal clusters of a few fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decumaria", + "genus Decumaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of woody climbers with adhesive aerial roots; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decumary", + "Decumaria barbata", + "Decumaria barbara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody climber of southeastern United States having white flowers in compound terminal clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Deutzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ornamental mostly deciduous shrubs native to Asia and Central America; widespread in cultivation; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deutzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs of the genus Deutzia having usually toothed opposite leaves and shredding bark and white or pink flowers in loose terminal clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philadelphaceae", + "subfamily Philadelphaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one genus; usually included in family Hydrangeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Philadelphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mock orange: type and sole genus of the subfamily Philadelphaceae; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philadelphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly deciduous ornamental shrubs of the genus Philadelphus having white sweet-scented flowers, single or in clusters; widely grown in temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock orange", + "syringa", + "Philadelphus coronarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hardy shrub with showy and strongly fragrant creamy-white flowers in short terminal racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizophragma", + "genus Schizophragma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of deciduous climbing and creeping shrubs with white flowers in flat clusters; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing hydrangea", + "Schizophragma hydrangeoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing shrub with adhesive aerial roots having opposite leaves and small white flowers in terminal cymes; Himalayas to Taiwan and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxifragaceae", + "family Saxifragaceae", + "saxifrage family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and diverse family of evergreen or deciduous herbs; widely distributed in northern temperate and cold regions; sometimes includes genera of the family Hydrangeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxifraga", + "genus Saxifraga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Saxifragaceae; large genus of usually perennial herbs of Arctic and cool regions of northern hemisphere: saxifrage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saxifrage", + "breakstone", + "rockfoil" + ], + "it": [ + "sassifraga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow mountain saxifrage", + "Saxifraga aizoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Saxifraga aizoides", + "sassifraga gialla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow saxifrage", + "fair-maids-of-France", + "Saxifraga granulata" + ], + "it": [ + "Saxifraga granulata", + "sassifraga granulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mossy saxifrage", + "Saxifraga hypnoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western saxifrage", + "Saxifraga occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple saxifrage", + "Saxifraga oppositifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star saxifrage", + "starry saxifrage", + "Saxifraga stellaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Saxifraga stellaris", + "sassifraga stellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry geranium", + "strawberry saxifrage", + "mother-of-thousands", + "Saxifraga stolonifera", + "Saxifraga sarmentosam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Astilbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly Asiatic perennials: spirea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astilbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false goatsbeard", + "Astilbe biternata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf astilbe", + "Astilbe chinensis pumila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirea", + "spiraea", + "Astilbe japonica" + ], + "it": [ + "spirea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bergenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial spring-blooming rhizomatous herbs with thick evergreen leaves; eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bergenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boykinia", + "genus Boykinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial rhizomatous herbs with flowers in panicles; North America; Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast boykinia", + "Boykinia elata", + "Boykinia occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with leaves mostly at the base and openly branched clusters of small white flowers; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysosplenium", + "genus Chrysosplenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of widely distributed semiaquatic herbs with minute greenish-yellow apetalous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden saxifrage", + "golden spleen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various low aquatic herbs of the genus Chrysosplenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water carpet", + "water mat", + "Chrysosplenium americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic herb with yellowish flowers; central and western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darmera", + "genus Darmera", + "Peltiphyllum", + "genus Peltiphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella plant", + "Indian rhubarb", + "Darmera peltata", + "Peltiphyllum peltatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francoa", + "genus Francoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial evergreen herbs with white or pink flowers; Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridal wreath", + "bridal-wreath", + "Francoa ramosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean evergreen shrub having delicate spikes of small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heuchera", + "genus Heuchera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American herbs with basal cordate or orbicular leaves and small panicled flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alumroot", + "alumbloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock geranium", + "Heuchera americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with basal leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker alumroot", + "poker heuchera", + "Heuchera cylindrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coralbells", + "Heuchera sanguinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptarrhena", + "genus Leptarrhena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: leatherleaf saxifrage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherleaf saxifrage", + "Leptarrhena pyrolifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with basal leathery elliptic leaves and erect leafless flower stalks each bearing a dense roundish cluster of tiny white flowers; moist places of northwestern North America to Oregon and Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithophragma", + "genus Lithophragma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs of the western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodland star", + "Lithophragma affine", + "Lithophragma affinis", + "Tellima affinis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California perennial herb cultivated for its racemose white flowers with widely spreading petals; sometimes placed in genus Tellima" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie star", + "Lithophragma parviflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with mostly basal leaves and slender open racemes of white or pale pink flowers; prairies and open forest of northwestern United States to British Columbia and Alberta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitella", + "genus Mitella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low slender herbs of North America and northeastern Asia having flowers with trifid or pinnatifid petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miterwort", + "mitrewort", + "bishop's cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy cup", + "Mitella diphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five-point bishop's cap", + "Mitella pentandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Parnassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of bog herbs of Arctic and northern temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parnassia", + "grass-of-Parnassus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually evergreen bog plants of the genus Parnassia having broad smooth basal leaves and a single pale flower resembling a buttercup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog star", + "Parnassia palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Parnassia palustris", + "parnassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having ovate leaves in a basal rosette and white starlike flowers netted with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed grass of Parnassus", + "Parnassia fimbriata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog plant with broadly heart-shaped basal leaves and cream-colored or white saucer-shaped flowers with fringed petals; west of Rocky Mountains from Alaska to New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Suksdorfia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of rhizomatous herbs of northwestern America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suksdorfia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violet suksdorfia", + "Suksdorfia violaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tellima", + "genus Tellima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hardy perennials with palmately lobed leaves and long racemes of small nodding five-petaled flowers; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false alumroot", + "fringe cups", + "Tellima grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing in clumps with mostly basal leaves and cream-colored or pale pink fringed flowers in several long racemes; Alaska to coastal central California and east to Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiarella", + "genus Tiarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs having mostly basal leaves and slender racemes of delicate white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foamflower", + "coolwart", + "false miterwort", + "false mitrewort", + "Tiarella cordifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false miterwort", + "false mitrewort", + "Tiarella unifoliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with tiny white flowers hanging in loose clusters on leafy stems; moist woods from Alaska to central California and east to Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tolmiea", + "genus Tolmiea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: pickaback plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickaback plant", + "piggyback plant", + "youth-on-age", + "Tolmiea menziesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grossulariaceae", + "family Grossulariaceae", + "gooseberry family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a part of the family Saxifragaceae: plants whose fruit is a berry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ribes", + "genus Ribes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowering shrub bearing currants or gooseberries; native to northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currant", + "currant bush" + ], + "it": [ + "ribes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deciduous shrubs of the genus Ribes bearing currants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red currant", + "garden current", + "Ribes rubrum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ribes rubrum", + "ribes", + "ribes rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated European current bearing small edible red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black currant", + "European black currant", + "Ribes nigrum" + ], + "it": [ + "ribes nero", + "Ribes nigrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated current bearing edible black aromatic berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white currant", + "Ribes sativum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden currant bearing small white berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter currant", + "Ribes sanguineum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowering shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gooseberry", + "gooseberry bush", + "Ribes uva-crispa", + "Ribes grossularia" + ], + "it": [ + "Ribes uva-crispa", + "ribes uva spina", + "uva spina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny Eurasian shrub having greenish purple-tinged flowers and ovoid yellow-green or red-purple berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platanaceae", + "family Platanaceae", + "plane-tree family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Platanus: plane trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platanus", + "genus Platanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large monoecious mostly deciduous trees: London plane; sycamore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane tree", + "sycamore", + "platan" + ], + "it": [ + "platano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees of the genus Platanus having thin pale bark that scales off in small plates and lobed leaves and ball-shaped heads of fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sycamore", + "lacewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variably colored and sometimes variegated hard tough elastic wood of a sycamore tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "London plane", + "Platanus acerifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large fast-growing tree much planted as a street tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American sycamore", + "American plane", + "buttonwood", + "Platanus occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large spreading plane tree of eastern and central North America to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriental plane", + "Platanus orientalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree of southeastern Europe to Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California sycamore", + "Platanus racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tree of Baja California having deciduous bark and large alternate palmately lobed leaves and ball-shaped clusters of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona sycamore", + "Platanus wrightii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of Arizona and adjacent regions having deeply lobed leaves and collective fruits in groups of 3 to 5" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polemoniales", + "order Polemoniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polemoniaceae; Solanaceae; Boraginaceae; Labiatae; Lentibulariaceae; Pedaliaceae; in some classifications includes the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scrophulariales", + "order Scrophulariales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems; often included in the order Polemoniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polemoniaceae", + "family Polemoniaceae", + "phlox family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed family of chiefly herbaceous plants of the order Polemoniales; often have showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Polemonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Polemoniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polemonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacob's ladder", + "Greek valerian", + "charity", + "Polemonium caeruleum", + "Polemonium van-bruntiae", + "Polymonium caeruleum van-bruntiae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek valerian", + "Polemonium reptans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern Jacob's ladder", + "Polemonium boreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skunkweed", + "skunk-weed", + "Polemonium viscosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall herb of the Rocky Mountains having sticky leaves and an offensive smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phlox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous to shrubby evergreen or deciduous annuals or perennials, diffuse (spreading) or caespitose (tufted or matted); from Alaska and western Canada to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickweed phlox", + "sand phlox", + "Phlox bifida", + "Phlox stellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss pink", + "mountain phlox", + "moss phlox", + "dwarf phlox", + "Phlox subulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linanthus", + "genus Linanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs of the family Polemoniaceae; found in western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground pink", + "fringed pink", + "moss pink", + "Linanthus dianthiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening-snow", + "Linanthus dichotomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small California annual with white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthaceae", + "family Acanthaceae", + "acanthus family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed herbs and shrubs and trees; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Acanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear's breeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthus" + ], + "it": [ + "acanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear's breech", + "bear's breeches", + "sea holly", + "Acanthus mollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graptophyllum", + "genus Graptophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caricature plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caricature plant", + "Graptophyllum pictum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World shrub having purple or red tubular flowers and leaf markings resembling the profile of a human face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thunbergia", + "genus Thunbergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs or vines of the family Acanthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-eyed Susan", + "black-eyed Susan vine", + "Thunbergia alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African climbing plant having yellow flowers with a dark purple center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bignoniaceae", + "family Bignoniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees or shrubs or woody vines or herbs having fruit resembling gourds or capsules; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bignoniad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any woody plant of the family Bignoniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bignonia", + "genus Bignonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: cross vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross vine", + "trumpet flower", + "quartervine", + "quarter-vine", + "Bignonia capreolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody flowering vine of southern United States; stems show a cross in transverse section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet creeper", + "trumpet vine", + "Campsis radicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American woody vine having pinnate leaves and large red trumpet-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Catalpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of plants belonging to the family Bignoniaceae; has large flowers (white or mottled) and long terete pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalpa", + "Indian bean" + ], + "it": [ + "catalpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree of the genus Catalpa with large leaves and white flowers followed by long slender pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalpa bignioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catalpa tree of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalpa speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catalpa tree of central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilopsis", + "genus Chilopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: desert willow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert willow", + "Chilopsis linearis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubby tree resembling a willow of dry regions of southwestern North America having showy purplish flowers and long seed pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crescentia", + "genus Crescentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American trees of the family Bignoniaceae; has a short trunk and crooked limbs and drooping branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calabash", + "calabash tree", + "Crescentia cujete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American evergreen that produces large round gourds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calabash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round gourd of the calabash tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boraginaceae", + "family Boraginaceae", + "borage family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed family of plants distinguished by circinate flowers and nutlike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borago", + "genus Borago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs of the Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borage", + "tailwort", + "Borago officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Borago officinalis", + "borraggine", + "borragine", + "borragine comune", + "borrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amsinckia", + "genus Amsinckia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough annual herbs of Europe and the Americas: fiddlenecks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common amsinckia", + "Amsinckia intermedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large-flowered fiddleneck", + "Amsinckia grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anchusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough and hairy Old World herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugloss", + "alkanet", + "Anchusa officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "alcannina", + "buglossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape forget-me-not", + "Anchusa capensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape forget-me-not", + "Anchusa riparia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordia", + "genus Cordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs of the family Boraginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish elm", + "Equador laurel", + "salmwood", + "cypre", + "princewood", + "Cordia alliodora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical American tree of the genus Cordia grown for its abundant creamy white flowers and valuable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princewood", + "Spanish elm", + "Cordia gerascanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynoglossum", + "genus Cynoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of tall rough herbs belonging to the family Boraginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese forget-me-not", + "Cynoglossum amabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hound's-tongue", + "Cynoglossum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Cynoglossum officinale", + "lingua-di-cane vellutina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hound's-tongue", + "Cynoglossum virginaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echium", + "genus Echium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bristly herbs and shrubs of the family Boraginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueweed", + "blue devil", + "blue thistle", + "viper's bugloss", + "Echium vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Echium vulgare", + "viperina", + "viperina azzurra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hackelia", + "genus Hackelia", + "Lappula", + "genus Lappula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stickweed; beggar's lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar's lice", + "beggar lice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithospermum", + "genus Lithospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbaceous or shrubby plants; cosmopolitan except Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gromwell", + "Lithospermum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Lithospermum officinale", + "erba-perla maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puccoon", + "Lithospermum caroliniense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary puccoon", + "Indian paint", + "Lithospermum canescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mertensia", + "genus Mertensia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs belonging to the family Boraginaceae that grow in temperate regions and have blue or purple flowers shaped like funnels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia bluebell", + "Virginia cowslip", + "Mertensia virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myosotis", + "genus Myosotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forget-me-nots; scorpion grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden forget-me-not", + "Myosotis sylvatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Myosotis sylvatica", + "nontiscordardimé dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forget-me-not", + "mouse ear", + "Myosotis scorpiodes" + ], + "it": [ + "miosotide", + "myosotis", + "non ti scordar di me", + "nontiscordardimé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onosmodium", + "genus Onosmodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of North American perennial herbs of the family Boraginaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false gromwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symphytum", + "genus Symphytum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comfrey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfrey", + "cumfrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common comfrey", + "boneset", + "Symphytum officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Symphytum officinale", + "consolida maggiore", + "sinfito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Convolvulaceae", + "family Convolvulaceae", + "morning-glory family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "morning glory; bindweed; sweet potato; plants having trumpet-shaped flowers and a climbing or twining habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Convolvulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly climbing or scrambling herbs and shrubs: bindweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convolvulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Convolvulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bindweed" + ], + "it": [ + "convolvolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several vines of the genera Convolvulus and Calystegia having a twining habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field bindweed", + "wild morning-glory", + "Convolvulus arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Convolvulus arvensis", + "vilucchio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakly climbing European perennial with white or pink flowers; naturalized in North America and an invasive weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scammony", + "Convolvulus scammonia" + ], + "it": [ + "scammonea", + "scamonea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining plant of Asia Minor having cream-colored to purple flowers and long thick roots yielding a cathartic resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scammony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resin from the root of Convolvulus scammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argyreia", + "genus Argyreia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody climbers of tropical Asia to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various twining shrubs of the genus Argyreia having silvery leaves and showy purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calystegia", + "genus Calystegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing or scrambling herbs: bindweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge bindweed", + "wild morning-glory", + "Calystegia sepium", + "Convolvulus sepium" + ], + "it": [ + "Calystegia sepium", + "campanelle", + "vilucchio bianco", + "vilucchione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian and American wild climber with pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Convolvulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuscuta", + "genus Cuscuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of twining leafless parasitic herbs lacking chlorophyll: dodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leafless annual parasitic vine of the genus Cuscuta having whitish or yellow filamentous stems; obtain nourishment through haustoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love vine", + "Cuscuta gronovii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafless parasitic vine with dense clusters of small white bell-shaped flowers on orange-yellow stems that twine around clover or flax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dichondra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly tropical prostrate perennial herbs with creeping stems that root at the nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichondra", + "Dichondra micrantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creeping perennial herb with hairy stems and orbicular to reniform leaves and small white to greenish flowers; used as a grass substitute in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ipomoea", + "genus Ipomoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "morning glory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning glory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various twining vines having funnel-shaped flowers that close late in the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common morning glory", + "Ipomoea purpurea" + ], + "it": [ + "Ipomoea purpurea", + "campanella turchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical annual climbing herb with funnel-shaped blue, purple, pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common morning glory", + "Ipomoea tricolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial climbing herb of Central America having sky-blue flowers; most commonly cultivated morning glory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress vine", + "star-glory", + "Indian pink", + "Ipomoea quamoclit", + "Quamoclit pennata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American annual climber having red (sometimes white) flowers and finely dissected leaves; naturalized in United States and elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonflower", + "belle de nuit", + "Ipomoea alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical climber having white fragrant nocturnal flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet potato", + "sweet potato vine", + "Ipomoea batatas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical vine widely cultivated in several varieties for its large sweet tuberous root with orange flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild potato vine", + "wild sweet potato vine", + "man-of-the-earth", + "manroot", + "scammonyroot", + "Ipomoea panurata", + "Ipomoea fastigiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American prostrate or climbing herbaceous perennial having an enormous starchy root; sometimes held to be source of the sweet potato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red morning-glory", + "star ipomoea", + "Ipomoea coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb having scarlet flowers; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man-of-the-earth", + "Ipomoea leptophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morning glory with long roots of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scammony", + "Ipomoea orizabensis" + ], + "it": [ + "scammonea", + "scamonea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American morning glory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad vine", + "beach morning glory", + "Ipomoea pes-caprae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prostrate perennial of coastal sand dunes Florida to Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese morning glory", + "Ipomoea nil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual Old World tropical climbing herb distinguished by wide color range and frilled or double flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial Japanese morning glory", + "Ipomoea imperialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid from Ipomoea nil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gesneriaceae", + "family Gesneriaceae", + "gesneria family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of tropical herbs or shrubs or lianas; in some classification systems placed in the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesneriad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical or subtropical small shrubs or treelets or epiphytic vines of the family Gesneriaceae: African violet; Cape primroses; gloxinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gesneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American herbs having showy tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Gesneria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Achimenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical perennial American herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achimenes", + "hot water plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Achimenes having showy bell-shaped flowers that resemble gloxinias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aeschynanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of East Indian ornamental woody epiphytic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeschynanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Aeschynanthus having somewhat red or orange flowers and seeds having distinctive hairs at base and apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipstick plant", + "Aeschynanthus radicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphyte or creeping on rocks; Malaysian plant having somewhat fleshy leaves and bright red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alsobia", + "genus Alsobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American herbs sometimes included in genus Episcia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace-flower vine", + "Alsobia dianthiflora", + "Episcia dianthiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing creeping perennial of Central America having deeply fringed white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Episcia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Columnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American subshrubs and lianas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical plant having thick hairy somewhat toothed leaves and solitary or clustered yellow to scarlet flowers; many cultivated for their flowers and ornamental foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Episcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American herbs having soft hairy foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Episcia; usually creeping and stoloniferous and of cascading habit; grown for their colorful foliage and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gloxinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American herbs with leafy stems and axillary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloxinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genera Gloxinia or Sinningia (greenhouse gloxinias) having showy bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canterbury bell", + "Gloxinia perennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of Colombia to Peru having pale purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Kohleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kohleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby herb cultivated for their soft velvety foliage and showy scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saintpaulia", + "genus Saintpaulia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "east African herb with nodding flowers; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African violet", + "Saintpaulia ionantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African plant cultivated as a houseplant for its violet or white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinningia", + "genus Sinningia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial tuberous herbs and shrubs of Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florist's gloxinia", + "Sinningia speciosa", + "Gloxinia spesiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American herb cultivated in many varieties as a houseplant for its large handsome leaves and large variously colored bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Streptocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of usually stemless African or Asian herbs: Cape primrose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Streptocarpus having leaves in a basal rosette and flowers like primroses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape primrose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various African plants of the genus Streptocarpus widely cultivated especially as houseplants for their showy blue or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrophyllaceae", + "family Hydrophyllaceae", + "waterleaf family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial woodland herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrophyllum", + "genus Hydrophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterleaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterleaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia waterleaf", + "Shawnee salad", + "shawny", + "Indian salad", + "John's cabbage", + "Hydrophyllum virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emmanthe", + "genus Emmanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: yellow bells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow bells", + "California yellow bells", + "whispering bells", + "Emmanthe penduliflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriodictyon", + "genus Eriodictyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen shrubs of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yerba santa", + "Eriodictyon californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscid evergreen shrub of western United States with white to deep lilac flowers; the sticky aromatic leaves are used in treating bronchial and pulmonary illnesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nemophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ornamental chiefly California herbs: baby blue-eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nemophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Nemophila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby blue-eyes", + "Nemophila menziesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five-spot", + "Nemophila maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phacelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American herbs with usually pinnatifid leaves and blue or purple or white flowers in scorpioid cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpionweed", + "scorpion weed", + "phacelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Phacelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California bluebell", + "Phacelia campanularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southern California with intricately branched stems and lax cymes of aromatic deep blue bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California bluebell", + "whitlavia", + "Phacelia minor", + "Phacelia whitlavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert plant of southern California with blue or violet tubular flowers in terminal racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddleneck", + "Phacelia tanacetifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy annual of California to Mexico with crowded cymes of small blue to lilac or mauve flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholistoma", + "genus Pholistoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straggling herbs of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiesta flower", + "Pholistoma auritum", + "Nemophila aurita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labiatae", + "family Labiatae", + "Lamiaceae", + "family Lamiaceae", + "mint family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of aromatic herbs and shrubs having flowers resembling the lips of a mouth and four-lobed ovaries yielding four one-seeded nutlets and including mint; thyme; sage; rosemary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the mint family of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acinos", + "genus Acinos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants closely allied to the genera Satureja and Calamintha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basil thyme", + "basil balm", + "mother of thyme", + "Acinos arvensis", + "Satureja acinos" + ], + "it": [ + "Acinos arvensis", + "acino annuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agastache", + "genus Agastache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant hyssop; Mexican hyssop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant hyssop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow giant hyssop", + "Agastache nepetoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anise hyssop", + "Agastache foeniculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican hyssop", + "Agastache mexicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ajuga", + "genus Ajuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bugle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugle", + "bugleweed" + ], + "it": [ + "bugola", + "bugula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping bugle", + "Ajuga reptans" + ], + "it": [ + "Ajuga reptans", + "bugula", + "iva comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erect bugle", + "blue bugle", + "Ajuga genevensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ajuga genevensis", + "iva ginevrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid bugle", + "Ajuga pyramidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European evergreen carpeting perennial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground pine", + "yellow bugle", + "Ajuga chamaepitys" + ], + "it": [ + "Ajuga chamaepitys", + "iva artritica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ballota", + "genus Ballota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs or subshrubs of especially Mediterranean area: black horehound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black horehound", + "black archangel", + "fetid horehound", + "stinking horehound", + "Ballota nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Ballota nigra", + "cimiciotta comune", + "marrubio fetido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blephilia", + "genus Blephilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs: wood mints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy wood mint", + "Blephilia hirsuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of wood mint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy wood mint", + "Blephilia celiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of wood mint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calamintha", + "genus Calamintha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calamint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common calamint", + "Calamintha sylvatica", + "Satureja calamintha officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Calamintha sylvatica", + "calamenta", + "mentuccia maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large-flowered calamint", + "Calamintha grandiflora", + "Clinopodium grandiflorum", + "Satureja grandiflora" + ], + "it": [ + "Calamintha grandiflora", + "mentuccia montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser calamint", + "field balm", + "Calamintha nepeta", + "Calamintha nepeta glantulosa", + "Satureja nepeta", + "Satureja calamintha glandulosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Calamintha nepeta", + "mentuccia comune", + "nepetella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to Great Britain; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinopodium", + "genus Clinopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild basil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild basil", + "cushion calamint", + "Clinopodium vulgare", + "Satureja vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Clinopodium vulgare", + "clinopodio dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Collinsonia", + "genus Collinsonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial erect or spreading aromatic herbs; United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse balm", + "horseweed", + "stoneroot", + "stone-root", + "richweed", + "stone root", + "Collinsonia canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World tropical plants cultivated for their variegated leaves; various plants sometimes placed in genera Plectranthus or Solenostemon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coleus", + "flame nettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country borage", + "Coleus aromaticus", + "Coleus amboinicus", + "Plectranthus amboinicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted nettle", + "Joseph's coat", + "Coleus blumei", + "Solenostemon blumei", + "Solenostemon scutellarioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conradina", + "genus Conradina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low aromatic shrubs of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apalachicola rosemary", + "Conradina glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub of Apalachicola River area in southeastern United States having highly aromatic pinkish flowers; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracocephalum", + "genus Dracocephalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of American herbs and dwarf shrubs of the mind family: dragonheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragonhead", + "dragon's head", + "Dracocephalum parviflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Elsholtzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic and African aromatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elsholtzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galeopsis", + "genus Galeopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect annual European herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemp nettle", + "dead nettle", + "Galeopsis tetrahit" + ], + "it": [ + "Galeopsis tetrahit", + "canapetta comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glechoma", + "genus Glechoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground ivy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground ivy", + "alehoof", + "field balm", + "gill-over-the-ground", + "runaway robin", + "Glechoma hederaceae", + "Nepeta hederaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing European aromatic plant of the mint family having rounded leaves and small purplish flowers often grown in hanging baskets; naturalized in North America; sometimes placed in genus Nepeta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hedeoma", + "genus Hedeoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of American herbs (American pennyroyal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyroyal", + "American pennyroyal", + "Hedeoma pulegioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyroyal oil", + "hedeoma oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic oil from American pennyroyal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyssopus", + "genus Hyssopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian genus of perennial herbs or subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyssop", + "Hyssopus officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "isopo", + "issopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyssop oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used chiefly in liqueurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamium", + "genus Lamium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World herbs: dead nettles; henbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead nettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white dead nettle", + "Lamium album" + ], + "it": [ + "Lamium album", + "falsa-ortica bianca", + "ortica morta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European dead nettle with white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henbit", + "Lamium amplexicaule" + ], + "it": [ + "Lamium amplexicaule", + "erba ruota", + "falsa-ortica reniforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lavandula", + "genus Lavandula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lavender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavender" + ], + "it": [ + "lavanda", + "spigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World aromatic shrubs or subshrubs with usually mauve or blue flowers; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English lavender", + "Lavandula angustifolia", + "Lavandula officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic Mediterranean shrub widely cultivated for its lilac flowers which are dried and used in sachets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French lavender", + "Lavandula stoechas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby greyish lavender of southwestern Europe having usually reddish-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike lavender", + "French lavender", + "Lavandula latifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "spiganardo", + "spigonardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean plant with pale purple flowers that yields spike lavender oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike lavender oil", + "spike oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellow essential oil obtained from spike lavender used in scenting soaps and cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonotis", + "genus Leonotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical herbs and subshrubs of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dagga", + "Cape dagga", + "red dagga", + "wilde dagga", + "Leonotis leonurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion's-ear", + "Leonotis nepetaefolia", + "Leonotis nepetifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonurus", + "genus Leonurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of stout Old World herbs having flowers in whorls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motherwort", + "Leonurus cardiaca" + ], + "it": [ + "Leonurus cardiaca", + "cardiaca comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepechinia", + "genus Lepechinia", + "Sphacele", + "genus Sphacele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicotyledonous genus of the family Labiatae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher sage", + "Lepechinia calycina", + "Sphacele calycina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California plant with woolly stems and leaves and large white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopus", + "genus Lycopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of the mint family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugleweed", + "Lycopus virginicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water horehound", + "Lycopus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic perennial herb of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gipsywort", + "gypsywort", + "Lycopus europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lycopus europaeus", + "erba-sega comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Origanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of aromatic mints of the family Labiatae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Majorana", + "genus Majorana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs usually included in the genus Origanum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origanum" + ], + "it": [ + "origano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oregano", + "marjoram", + "pot marjoram", + "wild marjoram", + "winter sweet", + "Origanum vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Origanum vulgare", + "origano", + "origano comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic Eurasian perennial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet marjoram", + "knotted marjoram", + "Origanum majorana", + "Majorana hortensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Origanum majorana", + "maggiorana", + "persa", + "persia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dittany of crete", + "cretan dittany", + "crete dittany", + "hop marjoram", + "winter sweet", + "Origanum dictamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marrubium", + "genus Marrubium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World aromatic herbs: horehound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horehound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common horehound", + "white horehound", + "Marrubium vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Marrubium vulgare", + "marrubio comune", + "mentastro", + "robbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melissa", + "genus Melissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Old World mints of the family Labiatae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon balm", + "garden balm", + "sweet balm", + "bee balm", + "beebalm", + "Melissa officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Melissa officinalis", + "cedronella", + "citronella", + "erba limona", + "melissa", + "melissa vera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mentha", + "genus Mentha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mint plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint" + ], + "it": [ + "menta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn mint", + "field mint", + "Mentha arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha arvensis", + "menta campestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European mint naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-mint", + "water mint", + "Mentha aquatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha aquatica", + "menta d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bergamot mint", + "lemon mint", + "eau de cologne mint", + "Mentha citrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsemint", + "Mentha longifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha longifolia", + "menta selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peppermint", + "Mentha piperita" + ], + "it": [ + "menta", + "menta peperita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearmint", + "Mentha spicata" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha spicata", + "menta romana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple mint", + "applemint", + "Mentha rotundifolia", + "Mentha suaveolens" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha suaveolens", + "menta a foglie rotonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyroyal", + "Mentha pulegium" + ], + "it": [ + "Mentha pulegium", + "menta poleggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyroyal oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from European pennyroyal having an odor like mint; used chiefly in soaps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micromeria", + "genus Micromeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of fragrant chiefly Old World herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yerba buena", + "Micromeria chamissonis", + "Micromeria douglasii", + "Satureja douglasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savory", + "Micromeria juliana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molucella", + "genus Molucella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of aromatic herbs of Mediterranean regions; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molucca balm", + "bells of Ireland", + "Molucella laevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Monarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild bergamot, horsemint, beebalm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monarda", + "wild bergamot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee balm", + "beebalm", + "bergamot mint", + "oswego tea", + "Monarda didyma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsemint", + "Monarda punctata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee balm", + "beebalm", + "Monarda fistulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon mint", + "horsemint", + "Monarda citriodora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plains lemon monarda", + "Monarda pectinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basil balm", + "Monarda clinopodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monardella", + "genus Monardella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fragrant herbs of the family Labiatae in the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustang mint", + "Monardella lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepeta", + "genus Nepeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catmint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catmint", + "catnip", + "Nepeta cataria" + ], + "it": [ + "Nepeta cataria", + "erba dei gatti", + "gattaia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ocimum", + "genus Ocimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basil" + ], + "it": [ + "basilico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common basil", + "sweet basil", + "Ocimum basilicum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ocimum basilicum", + "basilico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perilla", + "genus Perilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Asiatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak plant", + "Perilla frutescens crispa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phlomis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Old World aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs having often woolly leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlomis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Phlomis; grown primarily for their dense whorls of lipped flowers and attractive foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem sage", + "Phlomis fruticosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spreading subshrub of Mediterranean regions cultivated for dense axillary whorls of purple or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Physostegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physostegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false dragonhead", + "false dragon head", + "obedient plant", + "Physostegia virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Plectranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of ornamental flowering plants; includes some plants often placed in the genus Coleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plectranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ornamental plants of the genus Plectranthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pogostemon", + "genus Pogostemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic shrubs or trees whose leaves yield a fragrant oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchouli", + "patchouly", + "pachouli", + "Pogostemon cablin" + ], + "it": [ + "pasciulì", + "patchouli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prunella", + "genus Prunella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial mostly Eurasian having terminal spikes of small purplish or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-heal", + "heal all", + "Prunella vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunella vulgaris", + "brunella", + "morella", + "prunella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pycnanthemum", + "genus Pycnanthemum", + "Koellia", + "genus Koellia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American mountain mint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basil mint", + "Pycnanthemum virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosmarinus", + "genus Rosmarinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rosemary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosemary", + "Rosmarinus officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Rosmarinus officinalis", + "rosmarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Salvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of shrubs and subshrubs of the mint family varying greatly in habit: sage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sage", + "salvia" + ], + "it": [ + "salvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue sage", + "Salvia azurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clary sage", + "Salvia clarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue sage", + "mealy sage", + "Salvia farinacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Texas sage having intensely blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue sage", + "Salvia reflexa", + "Salvia lancifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple sage", + "chaparral sage", + "Salvia leucophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancerweed", + "cancer weed", + "Salvia lyrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sage of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common sage", + "ramona", + "Salvia officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "salvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow clary", + "Salvia pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvia pratensis", + "salvia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clary", + "Salvia sclarea" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvia sclarea", + "salvia moscatella", + "sclarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher sage", + "Salvia spathacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California erect and sparsely branched perennial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican mint", + "Salvia divinorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild sage", + "wild clary", + "vervain sage", + "Salvia verbenaca" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvia verbenaca", + "salvia minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satureja", + "genus Satureja", + "Satureia", + "genus Satureia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "savory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer savory", + "Satureja hortensis", + "Satureia hortensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Satureja hortensis", + "santoreggia domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter savory", + "Satureja montana", + "Satureia montana" + ], + "it": [ + "Satureja montana", + "santoreggia montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scutellaria", + "genus Scutellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asterid dicot genus that includes the skullcaps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skullcap", + "helmetflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue pimpernel", + "blue skullcap", + "mad-dog skullcap", + "mad-dog weed", + "Scutellaria lateriflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sideritis", + "genus Sideritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of woolly aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs of Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solenostemon", + "genus Solenostemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of shrubby often succulent herbs of tropical Africa and Asia; includes some plants often placed in genus Coleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stachys", + "genus Stachys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of usually woolly or hairy herbs or subshrubs or shrubs; temperate eastern hemisphere; tropical Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge nettle", + "dead nettle", + "Stachys sylvatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Stachys sylvatica", + "matricale", + "stregona dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge nettle", + "Stachys palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Stachys palustris", + "stregona palustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teucrium", + "genus Teucrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed genus of perennial herbs or shrubs or subshrubs; native to Mediterranean region to western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germander" + ], + "it": [ + "teucrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Teucrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American germander", + "wood sage", + "Teucrium canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subshrub with serrate leaves and cream-colored to pink or purple flowers in spikelike racemes; North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall germander", + "Teucrium chamaedrys" + ], + "it": [ + "Teucrium chamaedrys", + "camedrio comune", + "querciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial subshrub with red-purple or bright rose flowers with red and white spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat thyme", + "marum", + "Teucrium marum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean germander having small hairy leaves and reddish purple flowers; attractive to cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood sage", + "Teucrium scorodonia" + ], + "it": [ + "Teucrium scorodonia", + "camedrio scorodonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European germander with one-sided racemes of yellow flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thymus", + "genus Thymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of Old World mints: thyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyme" + ], + "it": [ + "timo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mints of the genus Thymus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common thyme", + "Thymus vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild thyme", + "creeping thyme", + "Thymus serpyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichostema", + "genus Trichostema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American aromatic herbs or subshrubs: blue curls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue curls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Trichostema having whorls of small blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black sage", + "wooly blue curls", + "California romero", + "Trichostema lanatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic plant with wooly leaves found in southern California and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turpentine camphor weed", + "camphorweed", + "vinegarweed", + "Trichostema lanceolatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic plant of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard pennyroyal", + "Trichostema dichotomum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic plant of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lentibulariaceae", + "family Lentibulariaceae", + "bladderwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous aquatic or bog plants: genera Utricularia, Pinguicula, and Genlisea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utricularia", + "genus Utricularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bladderworts: large genus of aquatic carnivorous plants; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinguicula", + "genus Pinguicula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterworts: a large genus of almost stemless carnivorous bog plants; Europe and America to Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterwort" + ], + "it": [ + "pinguicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Genlisea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of carnivorous plants of tropical African swamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genlisea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle to form traps; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martyniaceae", + "family Martyniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in most classifications not considered a separate family but included in the Pedaliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Martynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications includes the unicorn plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martynia", + "Martynia annua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orobanchaceae", + "family Orobanchaceae", + "broomrape family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown or yellow leafless herbs; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pedaliaceae", + "family Pedaliaceae", + "sesame family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of plants of order Polemoniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sesamum", + "genus Sesamum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African and Indian herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesame", + "benne", + "benni", + "benny", + "Sesamum indicum" + ], + "it": [ + "sesamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proboscidea", + "genus Proboscidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications included in the genus Martynia and hence the two taxonomic names for some of the unicorn plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common unicorn plant", + "devil's claw", + "common devil's claw", + "elephant-tusk", + "proboscis flower", + "ram's horn", + "Proboscidea louisianica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beaklike, tapering tip on certain plant structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand devil's claw", + "Proboscidea arenaria", + "Martynia arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternatively placed in genus Martynia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet unicorn plant", + "Proboscidea fragrans", + "Martynia fragrans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scrophulariaceae", + "family Scrophulariaceae", + "figwort family", + "foxglove family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scrophularia", + "genus Scrophularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Scrophulariaceae; named for the plants' supposed ability to cure scrofula: figworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figwort" + ], + "it": [ + "scrofularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tall coarse woodland plants of the genus Scrophularia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antirrhinum", + "genus Antirrhinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs of the family Scrophulariaceae with brightly colored irregular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapdragon" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca di leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden plant of the genus Antirrhinum having showy white or yellow or crimson flowers resembling the face of a dragon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white snapdragon", + "Antirrhinum coulterianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California plant with slender racemes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow twining snapdragon", + "Antirrhinum filipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southwestern United States plant with yellow flowers on stems that twist and twine through other vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean snapdragon", + "Antirrhinum majus" + ], + "it": [ + "Antirrhinum majus", + "bocca di Leone comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial native to the Mediterranean but widely cultivated for its purple or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Besseya", + "genus Besseya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of North American spring wildflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitten-tails" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Besseya having fluffy spikes of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine besseya", + "Besseya alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pale plant with dense spikes of pale bluish-violet flowers; of high cold meadows from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aureolaria", + "genus Aureolaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs often root-parasitic and bearing golden-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false foxglove", + "Aureolaria pedicularia", + "Gerardia pedicularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false foxglove", + "Aureolaria virginica", + "Gerardia virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calceolaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical American herbs and shrubs with showy cymose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calceolaria", + "slipperwort" + ], + "it": [ + "calceolaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any garden plant of the genus Calceolaria having flowers with large inflated slipper-shaped lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castilleja", + "genus Castilleja", + "Castilleia", + "genus Castilleia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian paintbrush", + "painted cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Castilleja having dense spikes of hooded flowers with brightly colored bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert paintbrush", + "Castilleja chromosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most common paintbrush of western United States dry lands; having erect stems ending in dense spikes of bright orange to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant red paintbrush", + "Castilleja miniata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wildflower of western North America having ragged clusters of crimson or scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great plains paintbrush", + "Castilleja sessiliflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy plant with pinkish flowers; Great Plains to northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfur paintbrush", + "Castilleja sulphurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of moist highland meadows having ragged clusters of pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelone", + "genus Chelone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous perennials: shellflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellflower", + "shell-flower", + "turtlehead", + "snakehead", + "snake-head", + "Chelone glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Collinsia", + "genus Collinsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of hardy annual herbs of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple chinese houses", + "innocense", + "Collinsia bicolor", + "Collinsia heterophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden blue-eyed Mary", + "Collinsia parviflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small widely branching western plant with tiny blue-and-white flowers; British Columbia to Ontario and south to California and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue-eyed Mary", + "Collinsia verna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern United States plant with whorls of blue-and-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culver's root", + "Culvers root", + "Culver's physic", + "Culvers physic", + "whorlywort", + "Veronicastrum virginicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Digitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Eurasian herbs having alternate leaves and racemes of showy bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxglove", + "digitalis" + ], + "it": [ + "digitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Digitalis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common foxglove", + "fairy bell", + "fingerflower", + "finger-flower", + "fingerroot", + "finger-root", + "Digitalis purpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow foxglove", + "straw foxglove", + "Digitalis lutea" + ], + "it": [ + "Digitalis lutea", + "digitale gialla piccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European yellow-flowered foxglove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gerardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of annual or perennial herbs with showy pink or purple or yellow flowers; plants often assigned to genera Aureolaria or Agalinis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Gerardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agalinis", + "genus Agalinis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semiparasitic herb with purple or white or pink flowers; grows in the United States and West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linaria", + "genus Linaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs and subshrubs having showy flowers: spurred snapdragon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue toadflax", + "old-field toadflax", + "Linaria canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toadflax", + "butter-and-eggs", + "wild snapdragon", + "devil's flax", + "Linaria vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Linaria vulgaris", + "linaiola", + "linaria", + "linaria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penstemon", + "genus Penstemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of subshrubs or herbs having showy blue or purple or red or yellow or white flowers; mostly western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden-beard penstemon", + "Penstemon barbatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of southwestern United States having long open clusters of scarlet flowers with yellow hairs on lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet bugler", + "Penstemon centranthifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with bright red tubular flowers in long narrow clusters near tips of erect stems; coastal ranges from central California southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red shrubby penstemon", + "redwood penstemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low branching dark green shrub with bunches of brick-red flowers at ends of branches; coastal ranges and foothills of northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platte River penstemon", + "Penstemon cyananthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect plant with blue-violet flowers in rings near tips of stems; Idaho to Utah and Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davidson's penstemon", + "Penstemon davidsonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming plant with blue and lavender flowers clustered on short erect stems; British Columbia to northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-rock penstemon", + "Penstemon deustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stems in clumps with cream-colored flowers; found from Washington to Wyoming and southward to California and Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones' penstemon", + "Penstemon dolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low plant with light blue and violet flowers in short clusters near tips of stems; Nevada to Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrubby penstemon", + "lowbush penstemon", + "Penstemon fruticosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow-leaf penstemon", + "Penstemon linarioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having small narrow leaves and blue-violet flowers in long open clusters; Utah and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain pride", + "Penstemon newberryi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming plant with deep pink flowers on short erect leafy stems; rocky places at high elevations from Oregon to California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon flower", + "scented penstemon", + "Penstemon palmeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parry's penstemon", + "Penstemon parryi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect stems with pinkish-lavender flowers in long interrupted clusters; Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock penstemon", + "cliff penstemon", + "Penstemon rupicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rydberg's penstemon", + "Penstemon rydbergii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with whorls of small dark blue-violet flowers; Washington to Wyoming and south to California and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade penstemon", + "Penstemon serrulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whorls of deep blue to dark purple flowers at tips of erect leafy stems; moist places from British Columbia to Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whipple's penstemon", + "Penstemon whippleanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine and lavender to purple and black flowers in several clusters on the upper half of leafy stems; Montana south through the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verbascum", + "genus Verbascum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs mostly with woolly leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullein", + "flannel leaf", + "velvet plant" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso barbasso", + "tassobarbasso", + "verbasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moth mullein", + "Verbascum blattaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Verbascum blattaria", + "verbasco polline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mullein", + "Verbascum lychnitis" + ], + "it": [ + "Verbascum lychnitis", + "verbasco licnite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple mullein", + "Verbascum phoeniceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common mullein", + "great mullein", + "Aaron's rod", + "flannel mullein", + "woolly mullein", + "torch", + "Verbascum thapsus" + ], + "it": [ + "Verbascum thapsus", + "tasso barbasso", + "verbasco tasso barbasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Veronica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread genus of herbs with pink or white or blue or purple flowers: speedwell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veronica", + "speedwell" + ], + "it": [ + "veronica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Veronica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field speedwell", + "Veronica agrestis" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica agrestis", + "veronica agreste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European plant with minute axillary blue flowers on long stalks; widely naturalized in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooklime", + "American brooklime", + "Veronica americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western North America and northeastern Asia having prostrate stems with dense racemes of pale violet to lilac flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn speedwell", + "Veronica arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica arvensis", + "veronica dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or procumbent blue-flowered annual found in waste places of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooklime", + "European brooklime", + "Veronica beccabunga" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica beccabunga", + "erba grassa", + "veronica beccabunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European plant having low-lying stems with blue flowers; sparsely naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germander speedwell", + "bird's eye", + "Veronica chamaedrys" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica chamaedrys", + "veronica comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water speedwell", + "Veronica michauxii", + "Veronica anagallis-aquatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica anagallis-aquatica", + "veronica acquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of wet places in Eurasia and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common speedwell", + "gypsyweed", + "Veronica officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica officinalis", + "té svizzero", + "veronica medicinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purslane speedwell", + "Veronica peregrina" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica peregrina", + "veronica pellegrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American annual with small white flowers widely naturalized as a weed in South America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyme-leaved speedwell", + "Veronica serpyllifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Veronica serpyllifolia", + "veronica a foglie di Serpillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial decumbent herb having small opposite leaves and racemes of blue flowers; throughout Eurasia and the New World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solanaceae", + "family Solanaceae", + "potato family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and economically important family of herbs or shrubs or trees often strongly scented and sometimes narcotic or poisonous; includes the genera Solanum, Atropa, Brugmansia, Capsicum, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Petunia, Physalis, and Solandra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solanum", + "genus Solanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Solanaceae: nightshade; potato; eggplant; bittersweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightshade" + ], + "it": [ + "solano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shrubs or herbs or vines of the genus Solanum; most are poisonous though many bear edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo apple", + "poroporo", + "Solanum aviculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian annual sometimes cultivated for its racemes of purple flowers and edible yellow egg-shaped fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse nettle", + "ball nettle", + "bull nettle", + "ball nightshade", + "Solanum carolinense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato tree", + "Solanum crispum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy climbing shrub of Chile grown as an ornamental for its fragrant flowers; not a true potato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguay potato", + "Uruguay potato vine", + "Solanum commersonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American potato vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bittersweet", + "bittersweet nightshade", + "climbing nightshade", + "deadly nightshade", + "poisonous nightshade", + "woody nightshade", + "Solanum dulcamara" + ], + "it": [ + "Solanum dulcamara", + "belladonna", + "dulcamara", + "morella rampicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trompillo", + "white horse nettle", + "prairie berry", + "purple nightshade", + "silverleaf nightshade", + "silver-leaved nightshade", + "silver-leaved nettle", + "Solanum elaeagnifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African holly", + "Solanum giganteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly-stemmed biennial arborescent shrub of tropical Africa and southern Asia having silvery-white prickly branches, clusters of blue or white flowers, and bright red berries resembling holly berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild potato", + "Solanum jamesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or spreading perennial of southwestern United States and Mexico bearing small pale brown to cream-colored tubers resembling potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato vine", + "Solanum jasmoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copiously branched vine of Brazil having deciduous leaves and white flowers tinged with blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggplant", + "aubergine", + "brinjal", + "eggplant bush", + "garden egg", + "mad apple", + "Solanum melongena" + ], + "it": [ + "melanzana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black nightshade", + "common nightshade", + "poisonberry", + "poison-berry", + "Solanum nigrum" + ], + "it": [ + "Solanum nigrum", + "morella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden huckleberry", + "wonderberry", + "sunberry", + "Solanum nigrum guineese", + "Solanum melanocerasum", + "Solanum burbankii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem cherry", + "winter cherry", + "Madeira winter cherry", + "Solanum pseudocapsicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naranjilla", + "Solanum quitoense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small perennial shrub cultivated in uplands of South America for its edible bright orange fruits resembling tomatoes or oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo bur", + "Solanum rostratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American nightshade with prickly foliage and racemose yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato", + "white potato", + "white potato vine", + "Solanum tuberosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato vine", + "giant potato creeper", + "Solanum wendlandii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato tree", + "Brazilian potato tree", + "Solanum wrightii", + "Solanum macranthum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atropa", + "genus Atropa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belladonna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belladonna", + "belladonna plant", + "deadly nightshade", + "Atropa belladonna" + ], + "it": [ + "Atropa belladonna", + "belladonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Browallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical South American annuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush violet", + "browallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Browallia cultivated for their blue or violet or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunfelsia", + "genus Brunfelsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American shrubs grown for their flowers followed by fleshy berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady-of-the-night", + "Brunfelsia americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian shrub with fragrant showy yellowish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brugmansia", + "genus Brugmansia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes some plants often placed in the genus Datura: angel's trumpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel's trumpet", + "maikoa", + "Brugmansia arborea", + "Datura arborea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American plant that is cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel's trumpet", + "Brugmansia suaveolens", + "Datura suaveolens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American plant cultivated for its very large nocturnally fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red angel's trumpet", + "Brugmansia sanguinea", + "Datura sanguinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arborescent South American shrub having very large orange-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Capsicum", + "Capsicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical perennial shrubby plants having many-seeded fruits: sweet and hot peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsicum", + "pepper", + "capsicum pepper plant" + ], + "it": [ + "capsico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone pepper", + "Capsicum annuum conoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing erect pungent conical red or yellow or purple fruits; sometimes grown as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cayenne", + "cayenne pepper", + "chili pepper", + "chilli pepper", + "long pepper", + "jalapeno", + "Capsicum annuum longum" + ], + "it": [ + "peperoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet pepper", + "bell pepper", + "pimento", + "pimiento", + "paprika", + "sweet pepper plant", + "Capsicum annuum grossum" + ], + "it": [ + "pimenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry pepper", + "Capsicum annuum cerasiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing small rounded usually pungent fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird pepper", + "Capsicum frutescens baccatum", + "Capsicum baccatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabasco pepper", + "hot pepper", + "tabasco plant", + "Capsicum frutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cestrum", + "genus Cestrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fragrant tropical American shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day jessamine", + "Cestrum diurnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped white flowers that are fragrant by day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night jasmine", + "night jessamine", + "Cestrum nocturnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyphomandra", + "genus Cyphomandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree tomato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree tomato", + "tamarillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American arborescent shrub having pale pink blossoms followed by egg-shaped reddish-brown edible fruit somewhat resembling a tomato in flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Datura", + "genus Datura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorn apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorn apple" + ], + "it": [ + "stramonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Datura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jimsonweed", + "jimson weed", + "Jamestown weed", + "common thorn apple", + "apple of Peru", + "Datura stramonium" + ], + "it": [ + "Datura stramonium", + "stramonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fabiana", + "genus Fabiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South and Central American heathlike evergreen shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pichi", + "Fabiana imbricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian shrub with small pink to lavender tubular flowers; leaves yield a tonic and diuretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyoscyamus", + "genus Hyoscyamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of poisonous herbs: henbane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henbane", + "black henbane", + "stinking nightshade", + "Hyoscyamus niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyoscyamus niger", + "giusquiamo nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian henbane", + "Hyoscyamus muticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycium", + "genus Lycium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous and evergreen shrubs often spiny; cosmopolitan in temperate and subtropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrimony vine", + "boxthorn" + ], + "it": [ + "agutoli", + "inchiodacristi", + "spinacristi", + "spino santo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Lycium with showy flowers and bright berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common matrimony vine", + "Duke of Argyll's tea tree", + "Lycium barbarum", + "Lycium halimifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmasberry", + "Christmas berry", + "Lycium carolinianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopersicon", + "genus Lycopersicon", + "Lycopersicum", + "genus Lycopersicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato", + "love apple", + "tomato plant", + "Lycopersicon esculentum" + ], + "it": [ + "Lycopersicon esculentum", + "pomodoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry tomato", + "Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bearing small red to yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian variety of cherry tomato that is shaped like a plum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandragora", + "genus Mandragora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of stemless herbs of the family Solanaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandrake", + "devil's apples", + "Mandragora officinarum" + ], + "it": [ + "mandragola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandrake root", + "mandrake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the root of the mandrake plant; used medicinally or as a narcotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicandra", + "genus Nicandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sturdy annual of Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple of Peru", + "shoo fly", + "Nicandra physaloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicotiana", + "genus Nicotiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American and Asiatic aromatic herbs and shrubs with viscid foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco", + "tobacco plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering tobacco", + "Jasmine tobacco", + "Nicotiana alata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common tobacco", + "Nicotiana tabacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild tobacco", + "Indian tobacco", + "Nicotiana rustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tobacco plant of South America and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree tobacco", + "mustard tree", + "Nicotiana glauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nierembergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American erect or creeping herbs with solitary flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupflower", + "nierembergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitecup", + "Nierembergia repens", + "Nierembergia rivularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall cupflower", + "Nierembergia frutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Petunia", + "Petunia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petunia" + ], + "it": [ + "petunia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical herbs having fluted funnel-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large white petunia", + "Petunia axillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violet-flowered petunia", + "Petunia integrifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybrid petunia", + "Petunia hybrida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physalis", + "genus Physalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground cherries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground cherry", + "husk tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy ground cherry", + "strawberry tomato", + "Physalis pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese lantern plant", + "winter cherry", + "bladder cherry", + "Physalis alkekengi" + ], + "it": [ + "Physalis alkekengi", + "alcachengi", + "alchechengi", + "alchechengi comune", + "palloncini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape gooseberry", + "purple ground cherry", + "Physalis peruviana" + ], + "it": [ + "alchechengi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry tomato", + "dwarf cape gooseberry", + "Physalis pruinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomatillo", + "jamberry", + "Mexican husk tomato", + "Physalis ixocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomatillo", + "miltomate", + "purple ground cherry", + "jamberry", + "Physalis philadelphica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow henbane", + "Physalis viscosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salpichroa", + "genus Salpichroa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of temperate North and South America: cock's eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock's eggs", + "Salpichroa organifolia", + "Salpichroa rhomboidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Salpiglossis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of the southern Andes having large showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salpiglossis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Salpiglossis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted tongue", + "Salpiglossis sinuata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Schizanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean herbs with orchid-like flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly flower", + "poor man's orchid", + "schizanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scopolia", + "genus Scopolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of European perennial herbs yielding medicinal alkaloids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scopolia carniolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb that is a source of scopolamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solandra", + "genus Solandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby climbers of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalice vine", + "trumpet flower", + "cupflower", + "Solandra guttata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptosolen", + "genus Streptosolen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: marmalade bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmalade bush", + "fire bush", + "fire-bush", + "Streptosolen jamesonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verbenaceae", + "family Verbenaceae", + "verbena family", + "vervain family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Verbena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Verbenaceae; genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbena", + "vervain" + ], + "it": [ + "verbena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lantana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowering shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avicennia", + "genus Avicennia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avicenniaceae", + "family Avicenniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications: coextensive with the genus Avicennia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mangrove", + "Avicennia marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mangrove of the West Indies and the southern Florida coast; occurs in dense thickets and has numerous short roots that bend up from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mangrove", + "Avicennia officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegiceras", + "genus Aegiceras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs of the family Verbenaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mangrove", + "Aegiceras majus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian tree resembling the black mangrove of the West Indies and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tectona", + "genus Tectona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of southeastern Asian tropics: teak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teak", + "Tectona grandis" + ], + "it": [ + "teak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall East Indian timber tree now planted in western Africa and tropical America for its hard durable wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teak", + "teakwood" + ], + "it": [ + "teak", + "teck", + "tek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard strong durable yellowish-brown wood of teak trees; resistant to insects and to warping; used for furniture and in shipbuilding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphorbiaceae", + "family Euphorbiaceae", + "spurge family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants of order Geraniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphorbia", + "genus Euphorbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurge" + ], + "it": [ + "euforbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Euphorbia; usually having milky often poisonous juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper spurge", + "myrtle spurge", + "mole plant", + "Euphorbia lathyris" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia lathyris", + "euforbia catapuzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun spurge", + "wartweed", + "wartwort", + "devil's milk", + "Euphorbia helioscopia" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia helioscopia", + "erba verdona", + "euforbia calenzuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petty spurge", + "devil's milk", + "Euphorbia peplus" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia peplus", + "euforbia minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medusa's head", + "Euphorbia medusae", + "Euphorbia caput-medusae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild spurge", + "flowering spurge", + "tramp's spurge", + "Euphorbia corollata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow-on-the-mountain", + "snow-in-summer", + "ghost weed", + "Euphorbia marginata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress spurge", + "Euphorbia cyparissias" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia cyparissias", + "euforbia cipressina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World perennial having foliage resembling cypress; naturalized as a weed in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leafy spurge", + "wolf's milk", + "Euphorbia esula" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia esula", + "euforbia acre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy spurge", + "Euphorbia hirsuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poinsettia", + "Christmas star", + "Christmas flower", + "lobster plant", + "Mexican flameleaf", + "painted leaf", + "Euphorbia pulcherrima" + ], + "it": [ + "poinsezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese poinsettia", + "mole plant", + "paint leaf", + "Euphorbia heterophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire-on-the-mountain", + "painted leaf", + "Mexican fire plant", + "Euphorbia cyathophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood spurge", + "Euphorbia amygdaloides" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia amygdaloides", + "euforbia delle faggete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candelilla", + "Euphorbia antisyphilitica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf spurge", + "Euphorbia exigua" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphorbia exigua", + "euforbia sottile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet plume", + "Euphorbia fulgens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naboom", + "cactus euphorbia", + "Euphorbia ingens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown of thorns", + "Christ thorn", + "Christ plant", + "Euphorbia milii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothed spurge", + "Euphorbia dentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acalypha", + "genus Acalypha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-seeded mercury", + "Acalypha virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy herb of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Croton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrubs and herbs; source of croton oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croton", + "Croton tiglium" + ], + "it": [ + "croton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic shrub; source of croton oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croton oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscid acrid brownish-yellow oil from the seeds of Croton tiglium having a violent cathartic action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascarilla", + "Croton eluteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian shrub with aromatic bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascarilla bark", + "eleuthera bark", + "sweetwood bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bark of cascarilla; used as a tonic and for making incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Codiaeum", + "genus Codiaeum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with thick and colorful leathery leaves; Malaya and Pacific islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croton", + "Codiaeum variegatum" + ], + "it": [ + "croton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown in many varieties for their brightly colored foliage; widely cultivated as a houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercurialis", + "genus Mercurialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of slender herbs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb mercury", + "herbs mercury", + "boys-and-girls", + "Mercurialis annua" + ], + "it": [ + "Mercurialis annua", + "mercorella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog's mercury", + "dog mercury", + "Mercurialis perennis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mercurialis perennis", + "mercorella bastarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ricinus", + "genus Ricinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herb having only one known species: castor-oil plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castor-oil plant", + "castor bean plant", + "palma christi", + "palma christ", + "Ricinus communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ricinus communis", + "ricino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cnidoscolus", + "genus Cnidoscolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of perennial plant with bristles; belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurge nettle", + "tread-softly", + "devil nettle", + "pica-pica", + "Cnidoscolus urens", + "Jatropha urens", + "Jatropha stimulosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stinging herb of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jatropha", + "genus Jatropha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mainly tropical genus of American plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physic nut", + "Jatropha curcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American tree yielding purple dye and a tanning extract and bearing physic nuts containing a purgative oil that is poisonous in large quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hevea", + "rubber tree", + "genus Hevea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American trees yielding latex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Para rubber tree", + "caoutchouc tree", + "Hevea brasiliensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; it yields a milky juice that is the chief source of commercial rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manihot", + "genus Manihot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of economically important tropical plants: cassava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassava", + "casava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Manihot having fleshy roots yielding a nutritious starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter cassava", + "manioc", + "mandioc", + "mandioca", + "tapioca plant", + "gari", + "Manihot esculenta", + "Manihot utilissima" + ], + "it": [ + "manioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cassava with long tuberous edible roots and soft brittle stems; used especially to make cassiri (an intoxicating drink) and tapioca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassava", + "manioc" + ], + "it": [ + "manioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cassava root eaten as a staple food after drying and leaching; source of tapioca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cassava", + "Manihot dulcis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American plant with roots used as a vegetable and herbage used for stock feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleurites", + "genus Aleurites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candlenut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlenut", + "varnish tree", + "Aleurites moluccana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tree native to southeastern Asia; the nuts yield oil used in varnishes; nut kernels strung together are used locally as candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tung tree", + "tung", + "tung-oil tree", + "Aleurites fordii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese tree bearing seeds that yield tung oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pedilanthus", + "genus Pedilanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American succulent shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipper spurge", + "slipper plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American shrubby succulent plants resembling cacti but having foot-shaped bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candelilla", + "Pedilanthus bracteatus", + "Pedilanthus pavonis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wax-coated Mexican shrub related to Euphorbia antisyphilitica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewbush", + "Jew-bush", + "Jew bush", + "redbird cactus", + "redbird flower", + "Pedilanthus tithymaloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low tropical American shrub having powerful emetic properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sebastiana", + "genus Sebastiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican spurges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping bean", + "jumping seed", + "Mexican jumping bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of Mexican shrubs of the genus Sebastiana containing the larva of a moth whose movements cause the bean to jerk or tumble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theaceae", + "family Theaceae", + "tea family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of trees and shrubs of the order Parietales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Camellia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic evergreen shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camellia", + "camelia" + ], + "it": [ + "camelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several shrubs or small evergreen trees having solitary white or pink or reddish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japonica", + "Camellia japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenhouse shrub with glossy green leaves and showy fragrant rose-like flowers; cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea", + "Camellia sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical evergreen shrub or small tree extensively cultivated in e.g. China and Japan and India; source of tea leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbelliferae", + "family Umbelliferae", + "Apiaceae", + "family Apiaceae", + "carrot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having flowers in umbels: parsley; carrot; anise; caraway; celery; dill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbellifer", + "umbelliferous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild parsley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aethusa", + "genus Aethusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fool's parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fool's parsley", + "lesser hemlock", + "Aethusa cynapium" + ], + "it": [ + "Aethusa cynapium", + "cicuta aglina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European weed naturalized in America that resembles parsley but causes nausea and poisoning when eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anethum", + "genus Anethum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dill", + "Anethum graveolens" + ], + "it": [ + "aneto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Angelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial or perennial herbs of the northern hemisphere; have a taproot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelica", + "angelique" + ], + "it": [ + "angelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden angelica", + "archangel", + "Angelica Archangelica" + ], + "it": [ + "angelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild angelica", + "Angelica sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Angelica sylvestris", + "angelica selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthriscus", + "genus Anthriscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chervil: of Europe, North Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chervil", + "beaked parsley", + "Anthriscus cereifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "cerfoglio", + "cerfuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow parsley", + "wild chervil", + "Anthriscus sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthriscus sylvestris", + "cerfoglio selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apium", + "genus Apium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild celery", + "Apium graveolens" + ], + "it": [ + "Apium graveolens", + "sedano comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of Europe and temperate Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery", + "cultivated celery", + "Apium graveolens dulce" + ], + "it": [ + "sedano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celeriac", + "celery root", + "knob celery", + "root celery", + "turnip-rooted celery", + "Apium graveolens rapaceum" + ], + "it": [ + "sedano rapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown for its thickened edible aromatic root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Astrantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Eurasian herbs of the family Umbelliferae with aromatic roots and palmate leaves and showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrantia", + "masterwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Astrantia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater masterwort", + "Astrantia major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carum", + "genus Carum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caraway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caraway", + "Carum carvi" + ], + "it": [ + "Carum carvi", + "carvi", + "cumino tedesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whorled caraway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caraway with whorled leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicuta", + "genus Cicuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs having deadly poisonous tuberous roots: water hemlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hemlock", + "Cicuta verosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall erect highly poisonous Eurasiatic perennial herb locally abundant in marshy areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted cowbane", + "spotted hemlock", + "spotted water hemlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall biennial water hemlock of northeastern North America having purple-spotted stems and clusters of extremely poisonous tuberous roots resembling small sweet potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conium", + "genus Conium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of highly toxic biennials: hemlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemlock", + "poison hemlock", + "poison parsley", + "California fern", + "Nebraska fern", + "winter fern", + "Conium maculatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Conium maculatum", + "cicuta", + "cicuta maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large branching biennial herb native to Eurasia and Africa and adventive in North America having large fernlike leaves and white flowers; usually found in damp habitats; all parts extremely poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conopodium", + "genus Conopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the family Umbelliferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthnut", + "Conopodium denudatum" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbocastano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coriandrum", + "genus Coriandrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of annual Mediterranean herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coriander", + "coriander plant", + "Chinese parsley", + "cilantro", + "Coriandrum sativum" + ], + "it": [ + "Coriandrum sativum", + "coriandolo", + "coriandolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuminum", + "genus Cuminum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cumin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumin", + "Cuminum cyminum" + ], + "it": [ + "comino", + "cumino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daucus", + "genus Daucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild carrot", + "Queen Anne's lace", + "Daucus carota" + ], + "it": [ + "Daucus carota", + "carota selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely naturalized Eurasian herb with finely cut foliage and white compound umbels of small white or yellowish flowers and thin yellowish roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot", + "cultivated carrot", + "Daucus carota sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "carota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep orange edible root of the cultivated carrot plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eryngium", + "genus Eryngium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of decorative plants with thistlelike flower heads; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eryngo", + "eringo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Eryngium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea holly", + "sea holm", + "sea eryngium", + "Eryngium maritimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European evergreen eryngo with twisted spiny leaves naturalized on United States east coast; roots formerly used as an aphrodisiac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button snakeroot", + "Eryngium aquaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake master", + "rattlesnake's master", + "button snakeroot", + "Eryngium yuccifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse prickly perennial eryngo of United States thought to cure rattlesnake bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foeniculum", + "genus Foeniculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small genus of aromatic European herbs with pinnately compound leaves and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel" + ], + "it": [ + "finocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common fennel", + "Foeniculum vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Foeniculum vulgare", + "finocchio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florence fennel", + "Foeniculum dulce", + "Foeniculum vulgare dulce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heracleum", + "genus Heracleum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of plants with usually thick rootstocks and large umbels of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow parsnip", + "hogweed", + "Heracleum sphondylium" + ], + "it": [ + "Heracleum sphondylium", + "panace comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levisticum", + "genus Levisticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of aromatic European herbs with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovage", + "Levisticum officinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrrhis", + "genus Myrrhis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial herbs having pinnate leaves and umbels of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cicely", + "Myrrhis odorata" + ], + "it": [ + "Myrrhis odorata", + "mirride delle Alpi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oenanthe", + "genus Oenanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous herbs: water dropworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water dropwort", + "hemlock water dropwort", + "Oenanthe crocata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European poisonous herb having tuberous roots, yellow juice that stains the skin, yellow flowers and foliage resembling celery; all parts extremely poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water fennel", + "Oenanthe aquatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Oenanthe aquatica", + "finocchio-acquatico cicutario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European poisonous herb with fibrous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pastinaca", + "genus Pastinaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosid dicot genus of the family Umbelliferae; includes parsnips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsnip", + "Pastinaca sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Pastinaca sativa", + "pastinaca", + "pastinaca comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivated parsnip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsnip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whitish root of cultivated parsnip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild parsnip", + "madnep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petroselinum", + "genus Petroselinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsley", + "Petroselinum crispum" + ], + "it": [ + "petrosello", + "prezzemolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian parsley", + "flat-leaf parsley", + "Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of parsley having flat leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamburg parsley", + "turnip-rooted parsley", + "Petroselinum crispum tuberosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pimpinella", + "genus Pimpinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anise", + "anise plant", + "Pimpinella anisum" + ], + "it": [ + "Pimpinella anisum", + "anace", + "anice", + "anice vero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanicula", + "genus Sanicula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly American herbs: sanicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanicle", + "snakeroot" + ], + "it": [ + "sanicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footsteps-of-spring", + "Sanicula arctopoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple sanicle", + "Sanicula bipinnatifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European sanicle", + "Sanicula Europaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seseli", + "genus Seseli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosid dicot genus that includes moon carrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon carrot", + "stone parsley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sison", + "genus Sison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus including stone parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone parsley", + "Sison amomum" + ], + "it": [ + "Sison amomum", + "amomo germanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sium", + "genus Sium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of wet and marshy places in the northern hemisphere: water parsnips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water parsnip", + "Sium suave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; northern United States and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater water parsnip", + "Sium latifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Sium latifolium", + "sedanina selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirret", + "Sium sisarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asiatic herb cultivated in Europe for its sweet edible tuberous root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smyrnium", + "genus Smyrnium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Alexanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander", + "Alexanders", + "black lovage", + "horse parsley", + "Smyrnium olusatrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornaceae", + "family Cornaceae", + "dogwood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosid dicot family of the order Umbellales including: genera Aucuba, Cornus, Corokia, Curtisia, Griselinia, Helwingia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aucuba", + "genus Aucuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy evergreen dioecious shrubs and small trees from Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornus", + "genus Cornus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosid dicot genus of the family Cornaceae including: dogwood; cornel: perennial chiefly deciduous shrubs or small trees of temperate regions of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogwood", + "dogwood tree", + "cornel" + ], + "it": [ + "sanguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of shrub of the genus Cornus often having showy bracts resembling flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard tough wood of any dogwood of the genus Cornus; resembles boxwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common white dogwood", + "eastern flowering dogwood", + "Cornus florida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous tree; celebrated for its large white or pink bracts and stunning autumn color that is followed by red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red osier", + "red osier dogwood", + "red dogwood", + "American dogwood", + "redbrush", + "Cornus stolonifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American shrub with reddish purple twigs and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky dogwood", + "Cornus obliqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of eastern North America closely resembling silky cornel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky cornel", + "silky dogwood", + "Cornus amomum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of eastern North America having purplish stems and blue fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common European dogwood", + "red dogwood", + "blood-twig", + "pedwood", + "Cornus sanguinea" + ], + "it": [ + "Cornus sanguinea", + "corniolo sanguinello", + "sanguinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European deciduous shrub turning red in autumn having dull white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunchberry", + "dwarf cornel", + "crackerberry", + "pudding berry", + "Cornus canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping perennial herb distinguished by red berries and clustered leaf whorls at the tips of shoots; Greenland to Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornelian cherry", + "Cornus mas" + ], + "it": [ + "Cornus mas", + "corniolo maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous European shrub or small tree having bright red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corokia", + "genus Corokia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs with intricately twisted wiry stems that in summer are smothered in small yellow flowers; grows in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curtisia", + "genus Curtisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large evergreen tree of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Griselinia", + "genus Griselinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs of New Zealand and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puka", + "Griselinia lucida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American shrub or small tree having long shining evergreen leaves and panicles of green or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kapuka", + "Griselinia littoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small New Zealand broadleaf evergreen tree often cultivated in warm regions as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helwingia", + "genus Helwingia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous dioecious shrubs native to woodland thickets in low mountains in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valerianaceae", + "family Valerianaceae", + "valerian family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly herbs having a characteristic fetid odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valeriana", + "genus Valeriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of widely distributed perennial herbs and some shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valerian" + ], + "it": [ + "valeriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Valeriana having lobed or dissected leaves and cymose white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common valerian", + "garden heliotrope", + "Valeriana officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Valeriana officinalis", + "eliotropio", + "valeriana comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall rhizomatous plant having very fragrant flowers and rhizomes used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valerianella", + "genus Valerianella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World annual herbs widely naturalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Valerianella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common corn salad", + "lamb's lettuce", + "Valerianella olitoria", + "Valerianella locusta" + ], + "it": [ + "Valerianella locusta", + "gallinella comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centranthus", + "genus Centranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of southern European herbs and subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red valerian", + "French honeysuckle", + "Centranthus ruber" + ], + "it": [ + "Centranthus ruber", + "valeriana rossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb with small fragrant crimson or white spurred flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutch", + "kutch" + ], + "it": [ + "catecù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tannin extract derived from any of several mangrove barks of Pacific areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenophyllaceae", + "family Hymenophyllaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial (hygrophytic) or epiphytic ferns: filmy ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenophyllum", + "genus Hymenophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hymenophyllaceae: filmy ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filmy fern", + "film fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Hymenophyllum growing in tropical humid regions and having translucent leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichomanes", + "genus Trichomanes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bristle ferns; kidney ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle fern", + "filmy fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Trichomanes having large pinnatifid often translucent fronds; most are epiphytic on tree branches and twigs or terrestrial on mossy banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hare's-foot bristle fern", + "Trichomanes boschianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of bristle fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Killarney fern", + "Trichomanes speciosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stout fern of extreme western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney fern", + "Trichomanes reniforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fern of New Zealand having kidney-shaped fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osmundaceae", + "family Osmundaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of ferns widely distributed in temperate and tropical areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Osmunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Osmundaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering fern", + "osmund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Osmunda: large ferns with creeping rhizomes; naked sporangia are on modified fronds that resemble flower clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal fern", + "royal osmund", + "king fern", + "ditch fern", + "French bracken", + "Osmunda regalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Osmunda regalis", + "osmunda regale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deeply rooted fern of worldwide distribution with upright bipinnate compound tufted fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupted fern", + "Osmunda clatonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern having tall erect pinnate fronds and a few sporogenous pinnae at or near the center of the fertile fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon fern", + "fiddlehead", + "fiddlehead fern", + "Osmunda cinnamonea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World fern having woolly cinnamon-colored spore-bearing fronds in early spring later surrounded by green fronds; the early uncurling fronds are edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptopteris", + "genus Leptopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "including some ferns sometimes placed in genus Todea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crape fern", + "Prince-of-Wales fern", + "Prince-of-Wales feather", + "Prince-of-Wales plume", + "Leptopteris superba", + "Todea superba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand with pinnate fronds and a densely woolly stalks; sometimes included in genus Todea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Todea", + "genus Todea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of delicate ferns belonging to the family Osmundaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe fern", + "king fern", + "Todea barbara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of rain forests of tropical Australia and New Zealand and South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizaeaceae", + "family Schizaeaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of mainly tropical ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizaea", + "genus Schizaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Schizaeaceae cosmopolitan especially in tropics; small leptosporangiate ferns: curly grass fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curly grass", + "curly grass fern", + "Schizaea pusilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare small fern of northeastern North America having numerous slender spiraling fronds and forming dense tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anemia", + "genus Anemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of terrestrial or lithophytic ferns having pinnatifid fronds; chiefly of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine fern", + "Anemia adiantifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of Florida and West Indies and Central America with rhizome densely clad in grown hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lygodium", + "genus Lygodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical climbing ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several ferns of the genus Lygodium that climb by twining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping fern", + "Hartford fern", + "Lygodium palmatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate fern of the eastern United States having a twining stem and palmately-lobed sterile fronds and forked fertile fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing maidenhair", + "climbing maidenhair fern", + "snake fern", + "Lygodium microphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fern widespread in Old World; naturalized in Jamaica and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohria", + "genus Mohria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African terrestrial ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scented fern", + "Mohria caffrorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetly scented African fern with narrow bipinnate fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic fern", + "water fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferns that grow in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsileaceae", + "family Marsileaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clover ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsilea", + "genus Marsilea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clover ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clover fern", + "pepperwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several water ferns of the genus Marsilea having four leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nardoo", + "nardo", + "common nardoo", + "Marsilea drummondii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian clover fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water clover", + "Marsilea quadrifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Marsilea quadrifolia", + "trifoglio acquatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water fern of Europe and Asia and the eastern United States distinguished by four leaflets resembling clover leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilularia", + "genus Pilularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pillworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillwort", + "Pilularia globulifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European water fern found around margins of bodies of water or in wet acid soil having small globose sporocarps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Regnellidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species of aquatic or semiaquatic fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regnellidium", + "Regnellidium diphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small latex-containing aquatic fern of southern Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salviniaceae", + "family Salviniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvinia", + "genus Salvinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Salviniaceae: water ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating-moss", + "Salvinia rotundifolia", + "Salvinia auriculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-floating aquatic ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azollaceae", + "family Azollaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the genus Azolla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azolla", + "genus Azolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fern sometimes placed in its own family Azollaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosquito fern", + "floating fern", + "Carolina pond fern", + "Azolla caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small free-floating aquatic fern from the eastern United States to tropical America; naturalized in western and southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophioglossales", + "order Ophioglossales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Ophioglossaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophioglossaceae", + "family Ophioglossaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of succulent ferns of order Ophioglossales; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophioglossum", + "genus Ophioglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the fern family Ophioglossaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adder's tongue", + "adder's tongue fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferns with fertile spikes shaped like a snake's tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon fern", + "Ophioglossum pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic fern with straplike usually twisted fronds of tropical Asia and Polynesia and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Botrychium", + "genus Botrychium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grape fern; moonwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fern of the genus Botrychium having a fertile frond bearing small grapelike clusters of spore cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonwort", + "common moonwort", + "Botrychium lunaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Botrychium lunaria", + "botrichio lunaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of America and Eurasia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisyleaf grape fern", + "daisy-leaved grape fern", + "Botrychium matricariifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of North America and Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leathery grape fern", + "Botrychium multifidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European fern with leathery and sparsely hairy fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake fern", + "Botrychium virginianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American fern whose clustered sporangia resemble a snake's rattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helminthostachys", + "genus Helminthostachys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: terrestrial fern of southeastern Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering fern", + "Helminthostachys zeylanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian fern with clusters of sporangia on stems of fertile fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldier grainy club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of grainy club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostiole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pore especially one in the reproductive bodies of certain algae and fungi through which spores pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perithecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flask-shaped ascocarp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroma" + ], + "it": [ + "stroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dense colorless framework of a chloroplast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of fungal tissue that has spore-bearing structures embedded in it or on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastid" + ], + "it": [ + "plastidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small particles in the cytoplasm of the cells of plants and some animals containing pigments or starch or oil or protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromoplast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll usually yellow or orange carotenoids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroplast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastid containing chlorophyll and other pigments; in plants that carry out photosynthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erysiphales", + "order Erysiphales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saprophytic and parasitic fungi that live on plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erysiphaceae", + "family Erysiphaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi parasitic mostly on leaves; includes powdery mildews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erysiphe", + "genus Erysiphe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of powdery mildews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powdery mildew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the genus Erysiphe producing powdery conidia on the host surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaeriales", + "order Sphaeriales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large order of ascomycetous fungi usually having a dark hard perithecia with definite ostioles; in more recent classifications often divided among several orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaeriaceae", + "family Sphaeriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic fungi having globose and sometimes necked or beaked perithecia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neurospora", + "genus Neurospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi with black perithecia used extensively in genetic research; includes some forms with orange spore masses that cause severe damage in bakeries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratostomataceae", + "family Ceratostomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having carbonous perithecia with long necks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratostomella", + "genus Ceratostomella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi forming continuous hyaline spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch elm fungus", + "Ceratostomella ulmi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing Dutch elm disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypocreales", + "order Hypocreales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the family Hypocreaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypocreaceae", + "family Hypocreaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi having brightly colored fleshy or membranous ascocarps; sometimes placed in its own order Hypocreales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Claviceps", + "genus Claviceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi parasitic upon the ovaries of various grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergot", + "Claviceps purpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that infects various cereal plants forming compact black masses of branching filaments that replace many grains of the plant; source of medicinally important alkaloids and of lysergic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye ergot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sclerotium or hardened mass of mycelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom pimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the family Hypocreaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange mushroom pimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mushroom pimple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green mushroom pimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mushroom pimple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xylariaceae", + "family Xylariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi characterized by dark brown to black spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xylaria", + "genus Xylaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Xylariaceae; fungi with perithecia in the upper part of erect black woody stromata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black root rot fungus", + "Xylaria mali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing black root rot in apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead-man's-fingers", + "dead-men's-fingers", + "Xylaria polymorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruiting bodies of the fungi of the genus Xylaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosellinia", + "genus Rosellinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having smooth perithecia with dark one-celled ascospores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helotiales", + "order Helotiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of fungi having asci in a disk-shaped to goblet-shaped apothecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helotiaceae", + "family Helotiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of order Helotiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helotium", + "genus Helotium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Helotiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sclerotiniaceae", + "family Sclerotiniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of order Helotiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sclerotinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of ascomycetous fungi including various destructive plant pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerotinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Sclerotinia; some causing brown rot diseases in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of sclerotinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sclerodermatales", + "order Sclerodermatales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of fungi having a peridium surrounding a gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sclerodermataceae", + "family Sclerodermataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi or order Sclerodermatales with a single-layered peridium; includes earthballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleroderma", + "genus Scleroderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of poisonous fungi having hard-skinned fruiting bodies: false truffles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthball", + "false truffle", + "puffball", + "hard-skinned puffball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the genus Scleroderma having hard-skinned subterranean fruiting bodies resembling truffles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleroderma citrinum", + "Scleroderma aurantium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthball fungus that is a dingy brownish yellow and a dark purplish interior; the peridium is covered with a pattern of small warts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleroderma flavidium", + "star earthball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthball with a smooth upper surface that is at first buried in sand; the top of the fruiting body opens up to form segments like the ray of an umbel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleroderma bovista", + "smooth earthball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthball with a peridium that is firm dry and smooth when young but developing cracks when mature; pale orange-yellow when young and reddish brown at maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podaxaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of gastromycete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalked puffball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of Podaxaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulostomaceae", + "family Tulostomaceae", + "Tulostomataceae", + "family Tulostomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalked puffballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulostoma", + "genus Tulostoma", + "Tulestoma", + "genus Tulestoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tulostomaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalked puffball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushroom of the genus Tulostoma that resembles a puffball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenogastrales", + "order Hymenogastrales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes; has a distinct basidiocarp with a fleshy or waxy gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizopogonaceae", + "family Rhizopogonaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi of order Hymenogastrales having round subterranean sporophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false truffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the family Rhizopogonaceae having subterranean fruiting bodies similar to the truffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizopogon", + "genus Rhizopogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi having subterranean sporophores resembling tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizopogon idahoensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large whitish Rhizopogon that becomes greyish brown in maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truncocolumella", + "genus Truncocolumella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Rhizopogonaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truncocolumella citrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a round yellow to orange fruiting body that is found on the surface of the ground or partially buried; has a distinctive sterile column extending into the spore-bearing tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygomycota", + "subdivision Zygomycota", + "Zygomycotina", + "subdivision Zygomycotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "division of fungi having sexually produced zygospores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygomycetes", + "class Zygomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of fungi coextensive with subdivision Zygomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mucorales", + "order Mucorales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of mostly saprophytic fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mucoraceae", + "family Mucoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of chiefly saprophytic fungi that includes many common molds destructive to food products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mucor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mucoraceae; genus of molds having cylindrical or pear-shaped sporangia not limited in location to points where rhizoids develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mold of the genus Mucor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhizopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of rot-causing fungi having columnar hemispherical aerial sporangia anchored to the substrate by rhizoids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rot causing fungi of the genus Rhizopus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread mold", + "Rhizopus nigricans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mold of the genus Rhizopus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak fungus", + "ring rot fungus", + "Rhizopus stolonifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing soft watery rot in fruits and vegetables and rings of dry rot around roots of sweet potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entomophthorales", + "order Entomophthorales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Entomophthoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entomophthoraceae", + "family Entomophthoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly parasitic lower fungi that typically develop in the bodies of insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entomophthora", + "genus Entomophthora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Entomophthoraceae; fungi parasitic on insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various slender filaments that function as roots in mosses and ferns and fungi etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slime mold", + "slime mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naked mass of protoplasm having characteristics of both plants and animals; sometimes classified as protoctists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxomycota", + "division Myxomycota", + "Gymnomycota", + "division Gymnomycota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slime molds; organisms having a noncellular and multinucleate creeping vegetative phase and a propagative spore-producing stage: comprises Myxomycetes and Acrasiomycetes; in some classifications placed in the kingdom Protoctista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxomycetes", + "class Myxomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of true slime molds; essentially equivalent to the division Myxomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true slime mold", + "acellular slime mold", + "plasmodial slime mold", + "myxomycete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slime mold of the class Myxomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrasiomycetes", + "class Acrasiomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cellular slime molds; in some classifications placed in kingdom Protoctista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellular slime mold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "differing from true slime molds in being cellular and nucleate throughout the life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dictostylium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of slime molds that grow on dung and decaying vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictostylium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any slime mold of the genus Dictostylium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phycomycetes", + "Phycomycetes group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and probably unnatural group of fungi and funguslike organisms comprising the Mastigomycota (including the Oomycetes) and Zygomycota subdivisions of the division Eumycota; a category not used in all systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastigomycota", + "subdivision Mastigomycota", + "Mastigomycotina", + "subdivision Mastigomycotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi in which the spores and gametes are motile; in some systems placed in the Phycomycetes group with the Zygomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oomycetes", + "class Oomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonphotosynthetic fungi that resemble algae and that reproduce by forming oospores; sometimes classified as protoctists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chytridiomycetes", + "class Chytridiomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of mostly aquatic fungi; saprophytic or parasitic on algae or fungi or plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chytridiales", + "order Chytridiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simple aquatic fungi mostly saprophytic but some parasitic on higher plants or animals or fresh water fungi; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond-scum parasite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aquatic fungus of genus Synchytriaceae that is parasitic on pond scum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chytridiaceae", + "family Chytridiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of aquatic fungi of order Chytridiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blastocladiales", + "order Blastocladiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi that carry out asexual reproduction by thick-walled resting spores that produce zoospores upon germination; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blastodiaceae", + "family Blastodiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of saprobic fungi of order Blastocladiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blastocladia", + "genus Blastocladia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi of the family Blastodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synchytriaceae", + "family Synchytriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of order Chytridiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synchytrium", + "genus Synchytrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simple parasitic fungi including pond scum parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato wart fungus", + "Synchytrium endobioticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing potato wart disease in potato tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saprolegniales", + "order Saprolegniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of chiefly aquatic fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saprolegnia", + "genus Saprolegnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic fungi growing chiefly on plant debris and animal remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white fungus", + "Saprolegnia ferax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that attacks living fish and tadpoles and spawn causing white fungus disease: a coating of white hyphae on especially peripheral parts (as fins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water mold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic or saprobic organisms living chiefly in fresh water or moist soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peronosporales", + "order Peronosporales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of chiefly parasitic lower fungi: Albuginaceae and Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peronosporaceae", + "family Peronosporaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic fungi: downy mildews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peronospora", + "genus Peronospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of destructive downy mildews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy mildew", + "false mildew" + ], + "it": [ + "peronospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the family Peronosporaceae parasitic on e.g. grapes and potatoes and melons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue mold fungus", + "Peronospora tabacina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a serious disease in tobacco plants characterized by bluish-grey mildew on undersides of leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion mildew", + "Peronospora destructor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a downy mildew on onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco mildew", + "Peronospora hyoscyami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a downy mildew on growing tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albuginaceae", + "family Albuginaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi that produce white sori resembling blisters on certain flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albugo", + "genus Albugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Albuginaceae; fungi causing white rusts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white rust" + ], + "it": [ + "albugine", + "mal bianco", + "malbianco", + "nebbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a disease characterized by a white powdery mass of conidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythiaceae", + "family Pythiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having sporangia usually borne successively and singly at the tips of branching sporangiophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pythium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive root-parasitic fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pythium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Pythium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damping off fungus", + "Pythium debaryanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing damping off disease in seedlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytophthora", + "genus Phytophthora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive parasitic fungi causing brown rot in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytophthora citrophthora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causes brown rot gummosis in citrus fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytophthora infestans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing late blight in solanaceous plants especially tomatoes and potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plasmodiophoraceae", + "family Plasmodiophoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi often causing hypertrophy in seed plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plasmodiophora", + "genus Plasmodiophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Plasmodiophoraceae comprising minute plant parasitic fungi similar to and sometimes included among the slime molds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clubroot fungus", + "Plasmodiophora brassicae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus resembling slime mold that causes swellings or distortions of the roots of cabbages and related plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geglossaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of ascomycetous fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcosomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of ascomycetous fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black felt cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rufous rubber cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charred pancake cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil's cigar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil's urn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i104999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter urn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuberales", + "order Tuberales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of fungi belonging to the subdivision Ascomycota having closed underground ascocarps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuberaceae", + "family Tuberaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi whose ascocarps resemble tubers and vary in size from that of an acorn to that of a large apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuber", + "genus Tuber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tuberaceae: fungi whose fruiting bodies are typically truffles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truffle", + "earthnut", + "earth-ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clavariaceae", + "family Clavariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy fungi: coral fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club-shaped coral fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fungi of the family Clavariaceae often brightly colored that grow in often intricately branched clusters like coral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydnaceae", + "family Hydnaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tooth fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus of the family Hydnaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydnum", + "genus Hydnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Hydnaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lichenes", + "division Lichenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the lichens which grow symbiotically with algae; sometimes treated as an independent group more or less coordinate with algae and fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lichenales", + "order Lichenales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used especially in former classifications for organisms now constituting the division Lichenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lichen" + ], + "it": [ + "lichene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any thallophytic plant of the division Lichenes; occur as crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks or rocks or bare ground etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascolichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lichen in which the fungus component is an ascomycete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basidiolichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lichen in which the fungus component is a basidiomycete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lechanorales", + "order Lechanorales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some classification systems for all lichens that produce apothecia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lecanoraceae", + "family Lecanoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of the division Lichenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lecanora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Lecanoraceae; crustaceous lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecanora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lichen of the genus Lecanora; some used in dyeing; some used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manna lichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World partially crustaceous or shrubby lecanoras that roll up and are blown about over African and Arabian deserts and used as food by people and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archil", + "orchil" + ], + "it": [ + "oricello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various lecanoras that yield the dye archil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roccellaceae", + "family Roccellaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of division Lichenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Roccella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly fruticose maritime rock-inhabiting lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roccella", + "Roccella tinctoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of the dye archil and of litmus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pertusariaceae", + "family Pertusariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of division Lichenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pertusaria", + "genus Pertusaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crustose lichens that are a source of the dye archil and of litmus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Usneaceae", + "family Usneaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruticose lichens having prostrate or erect or pendulous thalli: genera Usnea, Evernia, Ramalina, Alectoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Usnea", + "genus Usnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed lichens usually having a greyish or yellow pendulous freely branched thallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard lichen", + "beard moss", + "Usnea barbata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish grey pendulous lichen growing on trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evernia", + "genus Evernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lichens of the family Usneaceae having a pendulous or shrubby thallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramalina", + "genus Ramalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby lichens of the family Usneaceae having a flattened thallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alectoria", + "genus Alectoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lichens having dark brown erect or pendulous much-branched cylindrical thallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsehair lichen", + "horsetail lichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several lichens of the genus Alectoria having a thallus consisting of filaments resembling hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cladoniaceae", + "family Cladoniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cladonia", + "genus Cladonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Cladoniaceae; lichens characterized by a crustose thallus and capitate fruiting bodies borne on simple or branched podetia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reindeer moss", + "reindeer lichen", + "arctic moss", + "Cladonia rangiferina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erect greyish branching lichen of Arctic and even some north temperate regions constituting the chief food for reindeer and caribou and sometimes being eaten by humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parmeliaceae", + "family Parmeliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parmelia", + "genus Parmelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Parmeliaceae; a large genus of chiefly alpine foliaceous lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crottle", + "crottal", + "crotal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several lichens of the genus Parmelia from which reddish brown or purple dyes are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetraria", + "genus Cetraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foliose lichens chiefly of northern latitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland moss", + "Iceland lichen", + "Cetraria islandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lichen with branched flattened partly erect thallus that grows in mountainous and Arctic regions; used as a medicine or food for humans and livestock; a source of glycerol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fungi", + "kingdom Fungi", + "fungus kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taxonomic kingdom including yeast, molds, smuts, mushrooms, and toadstools; distinct from the green plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus" + ], + "it": [ + "fungo", + "micete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism of the kingdom Fungi lacking chlorophyll and feeding on organic matter; ranging from unicellular or multicellular organisms to spore-bearing syncytia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basidium" + ], + "it": [ + "basidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the ends of minute projections; unique to basidiomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypobasidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special cell constituting the base of the basidium in various fungi especially of the order Tremellales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promycelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basidium of various fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumycota", + "division Eumycota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true fungi; eukaryotic heterotrophic walled organisms; distinguished from Myxomycota (funguslike slime molds): comprises subdivisions Mastigomycotina; Zygomycotina; Ascomycotina; Basidiomycotina; Deuteromycotina (imperfect fungi)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumycetes", + "class Eumycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some classifications: coextensive with division Eumycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fungi of the division Eumycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deuteromycota", + "subdivision Deuteromycota", + "Deuteromycotina", + "Fungi imperfecti", + "subdivision Deuteromycotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and heterogeneous form division of fungi comprising forms for which no sexually reproductive stage is known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deuteromycetes", + "class Deuteromycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form class; coextensive with subdivision Deuteromycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basidiomycota", + "subdivision Basidiomycota", + "Basidiomycotina", + "subdivision Basidiomycotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises fungi bearing the spores on a basidium; includes Gasteromycetes (puffballs) and Tiliomycetes comprising the orders Ustilaginales (smuts) and Uredinales (rusts) and Hymenomycetes (mushrooms, toadstools, agarics and bracket fungi); in some classification systems considered a division of kingdom Fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basidiomycetes", + "class Basidiomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large class of higher fungi coextensive with subdivision Basidiomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homobasidiomycetes", + "subclass Homobasidiomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some classification systems for various basidiomycetous fungi including e.g. mushrooms and puffballs which are usually placed in the classes Gasteromycetes and Hymenomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterobasidiomycetes", + "subclass Heterobasidiomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some classification systems for various basidiomycetous fungi including rusts and smuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basidiomycete", + "basidiomycetous fungi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ], + "it": [ + "fungo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fleshy fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota consisting of a cap at the end of a stem arising from an underground mycelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenomycetes", + "class Hymenomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications; usually coextensive with order Agaricales: mushrooms; toadstools; agarics; bracket fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agaricales", + "order Agaricales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical gilled mushrooms belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agaric" + ], + "it": [ + "agarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrellalike cap with gills on the underside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agaricaceae", + "family Agaricaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family including many familiar mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agaricus", + "genus Agaricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Agaricaceae; gill fungi having brown spores and including several edible species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushrooms and related fleshy fungi (including toadstools, puffballs, morels, coral fungi, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common name for an edible agaric (contrasting with the inedible toadstool)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toadstool" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fungo velenoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common name for an inedible or poisonous agaric (contrasting with the edible mushroom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse mushroom", + "Agaricus arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "prataiolo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse edible mushroom with a hollow stem and a broad white cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow mushroom", + "field mushroom", + "Agaricus campestris" + ], + "it": [ + "prataiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible mushroom found naturally in moist open soil; the cultivated mushroom of commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lentinus", + "genus Lentinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus belonging to the family Tricholomataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiitake", + "shiitake mushroom", + "Chinese black mushroom", + "golden oak mushroom", + "Oriental black mushroom", + "Lentinus edodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible east Asian mushroom having a golden or dark brown to blackish cap and an inedible stipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaly lentinus", + "Lentinus lepideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a scaly cap and white flesh and a ring on the stalk (with scales below the ring); odor reminiscent of licorice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amanita", + "genus Amanita" + ], + "it": [ + "amanita", + "tignosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of widely distributed agarics that have white spores and are poisonous with few exceptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal agaric", + "Caesar's agaric", + "Amanita caesarea" + ], + "it": [ + "ovolo", + "ovulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed edible mushroom resembling the fly agaric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false deathcap", + "Amanita mappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agaric often confused with the death cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly agaric", + "Amanita muscaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous (but rarely fatal) woodland fungus having a scarlet cap with white warts and white gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death cap", + "death cup", + "death angel", + "destroying angel", + "Amanita phalloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely poisonous usually white fungus with a prominent cup-shaped base; differs from edible Agaricus only in its white gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blushing mushroom", + "blusher", + "Amanita rubescens" + ], + "it": [ + "tignosa vinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowish edible agaric that usually turns red when touched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroying angel", + "Amanita verna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus similar to Amanita phalloides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slime mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mushroom of the genus Amanita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white slime mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of slime mushroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fischer's slime mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of slime mushroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cantharellus", + "genus Cantharellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-known genus of fungus; has funnel-shaped fruiting body; includes the chanterelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chanterelle", + "chantarelle", + "Cantharellus cibarius" + ], + "it": [ + "gallinaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed edible mushroom rich yellow in color with a smooth cap and a pleasant apricot aroma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floccose chanterelle", + "Cantharellus floccosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mildly poisonous fungus with a fruiting body shaped like a hollow trumpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig's ears", + "Cantharellus clavatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric with a brown fruiting body that is often compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnabar chanterelle", + "Cantharellus cinnabarinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushroom with a distinctive pink to vermillion fruiting body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omphalotus", + "genus Omphalotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi with a depressed disc in the cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack-o-lantern fungus", + "jack-o-lantern", + "jack-a-lantern", + "Omphalotus illudens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large poisonous agaric with orange caps and narrow clustered stalks; the gills are luminescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coprinus", + "genus Coprinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of black-spotted agarics in which the cap breaks down at maturity into an inky fluid; sometimes placed in its own family Coprinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coprinaceae", + "family Coprinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the genus Coprinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inky cap", + "inky-cap mushroom", + "Coprinus atramentarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a cap that melts into an inky fluid after spores have matured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaggymane", + "shaggy cap", + "shaggymane mushroom", + "Coprinus comatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible mushroom having an elongated shaggy white cap and black spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lactarius", + "genus Lactarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of agarics that have white spore and contain a white or milky juice when cut or broken; includes both edible and poisonous species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkcap", + "Lactarius delicioso" + ], + "it": [ + "lattario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible mushroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marasmius", + "genus Marasmius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly small mushrooms with white spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy-ring mushroom", + "Marasmius oreades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushroom that grows in a fairy ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy ring", + "fairy circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring of fungi marking the periphery of the perennial underground growth of the mycelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleurotus", + "genus Pleurotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agarics with white spores and caps having an eccentric stem; an important mushroom of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster mushroom", + "oyster fungus", + "oyster agaric", + "Pleurotus ostreatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible agaric with a soft greyish cap growing in shelving masses on dead wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive-tree agaric", + "Pleurotus phosphoreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red luminescent mushroom of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota", + "genus Pholiota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of gilled agarics of Europe and North America having brown spores and an annulus; grows on open ground or decaying wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota astragalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a smooth orange cap and yellow gills and pale yellow stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota aurea", + "golden pholiota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautiful yellow gilled fungus found from Alaska south along the coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota destruens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fungus with whitish scales on the cap and remnants of the veil hanging from the cap; the stalk is thick and hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota flammans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a yellow cap covered with fine scales as is the stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota flavida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that grows in clusters on the ground; cap is brownish orange with a surface that is smooth and slightly sticky; whitish gills and a cylindrical brown stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nameko", + "viscid mushroom", + "Pholiota nameko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the most important fungi cultivated in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota squarrosa-adiposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gilled fungus having yellow slimy caps with conspicuous tawny scales on the caps and stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota squarrosa", + "scaly pholiota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gilled fungus with a cap and stalk that are conspicuously scaly with upright scales; gills develop a greenish tinge with age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholiota squarrosoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale buff fungus with tawny scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russula", + "genus Russula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of fungi with stout stems and white spores and neither annulus nor volva; brittle caps of red or purple or yellow or green or blue; differs from genus Lactarius in lacking milky juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russulaceae", + "family Russulaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for the genus Russula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strophariaceae", + "family Strophariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes included in family Agaricaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stropharia", + "genus Stropharia", + "ring-stalked fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of gill fungi with brown spores that is closely related to Agaricus; here placed in its own family Strophariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stropharia ambigua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gilled fungus with a long stalk and a yellow slimy cap from which fragments of the broken veil hang; gills are initially white but become dark brown as spores are released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stropharia hornemannii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gilled fungus with a large slimy purple or olive cap; gills become purple with age; the stalk is long and richly decorated with pieces of the white sheath that extends up to a ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stropharia rugoso-annulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large gilled fungus with a broad cap and a long stalk; the cap is dark brown; the white gills turn dark purplish brown with age; edible and choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ shaped like a helmet; usually a vaulted and enlarged petal as in Aconitum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basidiomycete with gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill", + "lamella" + ], + "it": [ + "lamella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the radiating leaflike spore-producing structures on the underside of the cap of a mushroom or similar fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entolomataceae", + "family Entolomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entoloma", + "genus Entoloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agarics with pink spores but lacking both volva and annulus (includes some that are poisonous)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entoloma lividum", + "Entoloma sinuatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deadly poisonous agaric; a large cap that is first white (livid or lead-colored) and then turns yellowish or tan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entoloma aprile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a dark brown conical cap; fruits in early spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepiotaceae", + "family Lepiotaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi having free gills and a cap that is cleanly separable from the stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chlorophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus belonging to the family Lepiotaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophyllum molybdites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous agaric with a fibrillose cap and brown scales on a white ground color; cap can reach a diameter of 30 cm; often forms `fairy rings'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lepiota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agarics with white spores that includes several edible and poisonous mushrooms: parasol mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepiota" + ], + "it": [ + "bubbola", + "lepiota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Lepiota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasol mushroom", + "Lepiota procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible long-stalked mushroom with white flesh and gills and spores; found in open woodlands in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poisonous parasol", + "Lepiota morgani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric regarded as poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepiota naucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with greyish white fruiting body and gills that change from pink to dingy red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepiota rhacodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a large cap with brown scales and a thick stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American parasol", + "Lepiota americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a pallid cap and a stalk that is enlarged near the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepiota rubrotincta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a relatively small pink to red cap and white gills and stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepiota clypeolaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a ragged stalk and a soft floccose cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion stem", + "Lepiota cepaestipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white agaric that tends to cluster and has a club-shaped base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thelephoraceae", + "family Thelephoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having leathery or membranous sporophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corticium", + "genus Corticium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi having simple smooth sporophores; some are parasitic on wood or economic crops; some species formerly placed in form genus Rhizoctinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink disease fungus", + "Corticium salmonicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing pink disease in citrus and coffee and rubber trees etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom rot fungus", + "Corticium solani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing bottom rot in lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pellicularia", + "genus Pellicularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi having the hymenium in the form of a crust; some species formerly placed in form genus Rhizoctinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato fungus", + "Pellicularia filamentosa", + "Rhizoctinia solani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a disease in potatoes characterized by black scurfy spots on the tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee fungus", + "Pellicularia koleroga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing a disease in coffee and some other tropical plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholomataceae", + "family Tricholomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma", + "genus Tricholoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agarics with white spores and a fleshy stalk and notched gills; of various colors both edible and inedible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blewits", + "Clitocybe nuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible agaric that is pale lilac when young; has a smooth moist cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandy mushroom", + "Tricholoma populinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric that fruits in great clusters (especially in sandy soil under cottonwood trees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma pessundatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mildly poisonous agaric with a viscid reddish brown cap and white gills and stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma sejunctum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a cap that is coated with dark fibrils in the center and has yellowish margins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man-on-a-horse", + "Tricholoma flavovirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric with yellow gills and a viscid yellow cap that has a brownish center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma venenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous white agaric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma pardinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous agaric having a pale cap with fine grey fibrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma vaccinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a cap that is densely covered with reddish fibrils and pale gills and stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tricholoma aurantium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange tan agaric whose gills become brown by maturity; has a strong odor and taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvariaceae", + "family Volvariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvaria", + "genus Volvaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agarics having pink spores and a distinct volva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvaria bombycina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parasite on various trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluteaceae", + "family Pluteaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluteus", + "genus Pluteus", + "roof mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus of fungi belonging to the family Pluteaceae; the shape of the cap resembles a roof; often abundant early in the summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluteus aurantiorugosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a brilliant scarlet cap and a slender stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluteus magnus", + "sawdust mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric found in piles of hardwood sawdust; the caps are black and coarsely wrinkled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer mushroom", + "Pluteus cervinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small edible agaric with a slender stalk; usually found on rotting hardwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvariella", + "genus Volvariella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important genus of mushrooms in the Orient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw mushroom", + "Chinese mushroom", + "Volvariella volvacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical and subtropical edible mushroom having a white cap and long stem; an expensive delicacy in China and other Asian countries where it is grown commercially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvariella bombycina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mushroom with a dry yellowish to white fibrillose cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe", + "genus Clitocybe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of agarics with white to pale yellow spore deposits and fleshy stalks centrally attached to the cap and closely attached gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe clavipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agaric with a flat cap that is greyish or yellowish brown with pallid gills and a stalk that bulges toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe dealbata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small poisonous agaric; has a dry white cap with crowded gills and a short stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe inornata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a cap that is creamy grey when young and turns brown with age and a whitish stalk that stains yellow when handled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe robusta", + "Clytocybe alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large white agaric; edible but not palatable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe irina", + "Tricholoma irinum", + "Lepista irina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric with large silky white caps and thick stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clitocybe subconnexa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible white agaric that fruits in dense clusters; the gills are narrow and crowded and the stalk is fleshy and unpolished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flammulina", + "genus Flammulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of agarics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter mushroom", + "Flammulina velutipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible agaric that is available in early spring or late fall when few other mushrooms are; has a viscid smooth orange to brown cap and a velvety stalk that turns black in maturity and pallid gills; often occur in clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the threadlike filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycelium" + ], + "it": [ + "micelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching threadlike hyphae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerotium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact usually dark-colored mass of hardened mycelium constituting a vegetative food-storage body in various true fungi; detaches when mature and can give rise to new growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sac fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ascomycetous fungi in which the spores are formed in a sac or ascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascomycota", + "subdivision Ascomycota", + "Ascomycotina", + "subdivision Ascomycotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large subdivision of Eumycota including Hemiascomycetes and Plectomycetes and Pyrenomycetes and Discomycetes; sac fungi; in some classification systems considered a division of the kingdom Fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascomycetes", + "class Ascomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large class of higher fungi coextensive with division Ascomycota: sac fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascomycete", + "ascomycetous fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the class Ascomycetes (or subdivision Ascomycota) in which the spores are formed inside an ascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euascomycetes", + "subclass Euascomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category not used in many classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clavicipitaceae", + "grainy club mushrooms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mushrooms of the class Ascomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grainy club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of grainy club mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemiascomycetes", + "class Hemiascomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of fungi in which no ascocarps are formed: yeasts and some plant parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Endomycetales", + "order Endomycetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having a zygote or a single cell developing directly into an ascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saccharomycetaceae", + "family Saccharomycetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi comprising the typical yeasts: reproduce by budding and ferment carbohydrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saccharomyces", + "genus Saccharomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single-celled yeasts that reproduce asexually by budding; used to ferment carbohydrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeast" + ], + "it": [ + "lievito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baker's yeast", + "brewer's yeast", + "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a leaven in baking and brewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine-maker's yeast", + "Saccharomyces ellipsoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in making wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizosaccharomycetaceae", + "family Schizosaccharomycetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to order Endomycetales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizosaccharomyces", + "genus Schizosaccharomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and only genus of Schizosaccharomycetaceae; comprises the fission yeasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectomycetes", + "class Plectomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of fungi in which the fruiting body is a cleistothecium (it releases spores only on decay or disintegration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurotiales", + "order Eurotiales", + "Aspergillales", + "order Aspergillales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of fungi having a closed ascocarp (cleistothecium) with the asci scattered rather than gathered in a hymenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurotium", + "genus Eurotium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the order Eurotiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspergillaceae", + "family Aspergillaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi including some common molds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspergillus", + "genus Aspergillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of common molds causing food spoilage and some pathogenic to plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspergillus fumigatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mold causing aspergillosis in birds and man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thielavia", + "genus Thielavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi having spherical brown perithecia and some conidia borne in chains; cause root rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown root rot fungus", + "Thielavia basicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing brown root rot in plants of the pea and potato and cucumber families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrenomycetes", + "class Pyrenomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of fungi in which the fruiting body is a perithecium; includes powdery mildews and ergot and Neurospora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Discomycetes", + "subclass Discomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and taxonomically difficult group of Ascomycetes in which the fleshy fruiting body is disklike or cup-shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discomycete", + "cup fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus that is a member of the subclass Discomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leotia lubrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discomycete that develops in clusters of slippery rubbery gelatinous fruiting bodies that are dingy yellow to tan in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitrula elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discomycete that is 3-8 cm high with an orange to yellow fertile portion and white or pinkish stalks often half in and half out of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcoscypha coccinea", + "scarlet cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discomycete that is a harbinger of spring; the fruiting body is thin and tough and saucer-shaped (about the size of quarter to a half dollar) with a deep bright red upper surface and a whitish exterior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caloscypha fulgens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early spring variety of discomycete with yellow to orange yellow lining of the cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleuria aurantia", + "orange peel fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discomycete with bright orange cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting bodies and pale orange exteriors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pezizales", + "order Pezizales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of mostly saprophytic fungi having cup-shaped ascocarps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pezizaceae", + "family Pezizaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family comprising many typical cup fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elf cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apothecium of a fungus of the family Pezizaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peziza", + "genus Peziza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pezizaceae: a variety of cup fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peziza domicilina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discomycetous fungus of the genus Peziza; the fragile fruiting body is a ghostly white but stains yellow when broken; favors strongly alkaline habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood cup", + "fairy cup", + "Peziza coccinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarlet European fungus with cup-shaped ascocarp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectania", + "genus Plectania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae closely related to and often included in genus Peziza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urnula craterium", + "urn fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urn-shaped discomycete with a nearly black interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galiella rufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cup-shaped fruiting body of this discomycete has a jellylike interior and a short stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jafnea semitosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruiting bodies of this discomycete have a firm texture and long retain their cup shape; the pale brown interior blends with the color of dead leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morchellaceae", + "family Morchellaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of edible fungi including the true morels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morchella", + "genus Morchella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of edible fungi: morel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morel" + ], + "it": [ + "morchella", + "spugnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various edible mushrooms of the genus Morchella having a brownish spongelike cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common morel", + "Morchella esculenta", + "sponge mushroom", + "sponge morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible and choice morel with a globular to elongate head with an irregular pattern of pits and ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Disciotis venosa", + "cup morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible morel with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body can be up to 20 cm wide; the fertile surface inside the cup has wrinkles radiating from the center; can be easily confused with inedible mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verpa", + "bell morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morel whose fertile portion resembles a bell and is attached to the stipe only at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verpa bohemica", + "early morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resembles a thimble on a finger; the surface of the fertile portion is folded into wrinkles that extend from the top down; fruiting begins in spring before the leaves are out on the trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verpa conica", + "conic Verpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morel with a fertile portion that has a relatively smooth surface; the stalk is fragile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black morel", + "Morchella conica", + "conic morel", + "Morchella angusticeps", + "narrowhead morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morel whose pitted fertile body is attached to the stalk with little free skirt around it; the fertile body is grey when young and black in old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morchella crassipes", + "thick-footed morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delicious morel with a conic fertile portion having deep and irregular pits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morchella semilibera", + "half-free morel", + "cow's head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morel with the ridged and pitted fertile portion attached to the stipe for about half its length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcoscyphaceae", + "family Sarcoscyphaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fungi belonging to the order Pezizales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wynnea", + "genus Wynnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Sarcoscyphaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wynnea americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus composed of several apothecia that look like elongated rabbit ears; the sterile surface is dark brown and warty; the fertile surface is smooth and pinkish orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wynnea sparassoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a long solid stalk embedded in soil and a yellow-brown head shaped like a cauliflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helvellaceae", + "family Helvellaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of false morels or lorchels; some are edible and some are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus of the family Helvellaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorchel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fungus of the family Helvellaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Helvella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Helvellaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helvella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Helvella having the ascocarps stalked or pleated or often in folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helvella crispa", + "miter mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helvella with a saddle-shaped fertile part and creamy color; the stalk is fluted and pitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helvella acetabulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helvella with a cup-shaped fertile body having a brown interior; the stalk is creamy white and heavily ribbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helvella sulcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helvella with an irregularly convoluted cap that is dark brown when young and becomes dull grey with age; the lower surface of the cap is smooth and pale grey; the stalk is thick and deeply fluted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Discina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body and ornamented spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Discina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Discina macrospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discina with a flat or saucer-shaped fertile body that is brown on the upper surface; has a short stalk; not recommended for eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gyromitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a fertile portion that is tan to brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyromitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the genus Gyromitra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra californica", + "California false morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a thick fluted stalk; found under conifers in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra sphaerospora", + "round-spored gyromitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a rosy pink fluted stalk and smooth round spores; found on hardwood slash east of the Great Plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra esculenta", + "brain mushroom", + "beefsteak morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous gyromitra; the surface of the fertile body is smooth at first and becomes progressively undulating and wrinkled (but never truly pitted); color varies from dull yellow to brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra infula", + "saddled-shaped false morel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous fungus; saddle-shaped and dull yellow to brown fertile part is relatively even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra fastigiata", + "Gyromitra brunnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lorchel with deep brownish red fertile part and white stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyromitra gigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gyromitra with a large irregular stalk and fertile part that is yellow to brown and wrinkled; has early fruiting time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasteromycetes", + "class Gasteromycetes", + "Gastromycetes", + "class Gastromycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi in which the hymenium is enclosed until after spores have matured: puffballs; earth stars; stinkhorn fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasteromycete", + "gastromycete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the class Gasteromycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phallales", + "order Phallales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of fungi comprising the stinkhorns and related forms whose mature hymenium is slimy and fetid; sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phallaceae", + "family Phallaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Phallales and comprising the true stinkhorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phallus", + "genus Phallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi having the cap or pileus hanging free around the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinkhorn", + "carrion fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ill-smelling brown-capped fungi of the order Phallales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common stinkhorn", + "Phallus impudicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common fungus formerly used in preparing a salve for rheumatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phallus ravenelii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "this stinkhorn has a cap with a granulose surface at the apex and smells like decaying flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dictyophera", + "genus Dictyophera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely related to genus Phallus distinguished by an indusium hanging like a skirt from below the pileus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mutinus", + "genus Mutinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Phallaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog stinkhorn", + "Mutinus caninus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stinkhorn having a stalk without a cap; the slimy gleba is simply plastered on its surface near the apex where winged insects can find it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulostomatales", + "order Tulostomatales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calostomataceae", + "family Calostomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Tulostomatales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calostoma lutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body that is globose and has a pale yellow spore case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calostoma cinnabarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body this globose and has a red spore case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calostoma ravenelii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body with a thin gelatinous spore case and elliptical spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clathraceae", + "family Clathraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fleshy fungi resembling stinkhorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clathrus", + "genus Clathrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Clathraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudocolus", + "genus Pseudocolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Clathraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinky squid", + "Pseudocolus fusiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stinkhorn of genus Pseudocolus; the fruiting body first resembles a small puffball that soon splits open to form a stalk with tapering arms that arch and taper to a common point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycoperdales", + "order Lycoperdales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of basidiomycetous fungi having fleshy often globose fruiting bodies; includes puffballs and earthstars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycoperdaceae", + "family Lycoperdaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family belonging to the order Lycoperdales; includes puffballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycoperdon", + "genus Lycoperdon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi whose fruiting body tapers toward a base consisting of spongy mycelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffball", + "true puffball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the family Lycoperdaceae whose round fruiting body discharges a cloud of spores when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvatia", + "genus Calvatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of puffballs having outer casings whose upper parts break at maturity into angular pieces to expose the spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant puffball", + "Calvatia gigantea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge edible puffball up to 2 feet diameter and 25 pounds in weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geastraceae", + "family Geastraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of earthstar fungi belonging to the order Lycoperdales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthstar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the family Geastraceae; in form suggesting a puffball whose outer peridium splits into the shape of a star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geastrum", + "genus Geastrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Geastraceae; fungi whose outer peridium when dry splits into starlike segments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geastrum coronatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthstar with a bluish spore sac and a purplish brown gleba; at maturity the outer layer splits into rays that bend backward and elevate the spore sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Radiigera", + "genus Radiigera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus belonging to the family Geastraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Radiigera fuscogleba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus similar to an earthstar except that it does not open up; the spore mass is brown at maturity with a column of sterile tissue extending up into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astreus", + "genus Astreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Geastraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astreus pteridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest earthstar; the fruiting body can measure 15 cm across when the rays are expanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astreus hygrometricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common species of earthstar widely distributed in sandy soil; the gleba is a pale tan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nidulariales", + "order Nidulariales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of basidiomycetous fungi comprising families Nidulariaceae and Sphaerobolaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nidulariaceae", + "family Nidulariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird's-nest fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's-nest fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi of the family Nidulariaceae having a cup-shaped body containing several egg-shaped structure enclosing the spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nidularia", + "genus Nidularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Nidulariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaerobolaceae", + "family Sphaerobolaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic family of fungi in which the more or less spherical gleba is forcibly ejected at maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secotiales", + "order Secotiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secotiaceae", + "family Secotiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi that have a stalk and cap and a wrinkled mass of tissue (the gleba) where spores are produced; are often dismissed as misshapen forms of other fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastrocybe", + "genus Gastrocybe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi of the family Secotiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastrocybe lateritia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of Gastrocybe fungus that has a conic cap and a thin stalk; at first the stalk is upright but as it matures the stalk bends over and then downward; the cap then gelatinizes and a slimy mass containing the spores falls to the ground as the stalk collapses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macowanites", + "genus Macowanites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout-stemmed genus of fungus belonging to the family Secotiaceae having fruiting bodies that never expand completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macowanites americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fungus with a fragile cap that cracks to expose the white context and a white stalk that is practically enclosed by the cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastroboletus", + "genus Gastroboletus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Secotiaceae; they resemble boletes but the spores are not discharged from the basidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastroboletus scabrosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dingy yellow brown fungus with a rough stalk that superficially resembles a bolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastroboletus turbinatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a cap that can vary from red to dark brown; superficially resembles a bolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphyllophorales", + "order Aphyllophorales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes chiefly saprophytic fungi typically with shelflike bodies; sometimes placed in class Hymenomycetes or included in Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyporaceae", + "family Polyporaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi that become corky or woody with age, often forming shelflike growths on trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypore", + "pore fungus", + "pore mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody pore fungi; any fungus of the family Polyporaceae or family Boletaceae having the spore-bearing surface within tubes or pores; the fruiting bodies are usually woody at maturity and persistent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket fungus", + "shelf fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woody fungus that forms shelflike sporophores on tree trunks and wood structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albatrellus", + "genus Albatrellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albatrellus dispansus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare fungus having a large (up to 14 inches wide) yellow fruiting body with multiple individual caps and a broad central stalk and a fragrant odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albatrellus ovinus", + "sheep polypore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a whitish often circular cap and a white pore surface and small pores and a white central stalk; found under conifers; edible but not popular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neolentinus", + "genus Neolentinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neolentinus ponderosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gilled polypore with a large cap (up to 15 inches in diameter) and a broad stalk; edible when young and tender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigroporus", + "genus Nigroporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigroporus vinosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woody pore fungus with a dark brown to red brown cap and spore surface and small pores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oligoporus", + "genus Oligoporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oligoporus leucospongia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pore fungus with a whitish cottony soft cap found on conifer logs in forests at high elevation in the western United States and adjacent Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyporus tenuiculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a whitish kidney-shaped cap and elongated pores; causes white rot in dead hardwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyporus", + "genus Polyporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Polyporaceae; includes important pathogens of e.g. birches and conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen-of-the-woods", + "hen of the woods", + "Polyporus frondosus", + "Grifola frondosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large greyish-brown edible fungus forming a mass of overlapping caps that somewhat resembles a hen at the base of trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyporus squamosus", + "scaly polypore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a lateral stalk (when there is a stalk) and a scaly cap that becomes nearly black in maturity; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fistulinaceae", + "family Fistulinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi closely related to the family Polyporaceae except that the tubes on the undersurface of the cap are separate from each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fistulina", + "genus Fistulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having each pore separate though crowded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak fungus", + "Fistulina hepatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular edible fungus with a cap the color of liver or raw meat; abundant in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fomes", + "genus Fomes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of bracket fungi forming corky or woody perennial shelflike sporophores often of large size; includes some that cause destructive heartrot in trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agaric", + "Fomes igniarius" + ], + "it": [ + "agarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus used in the preparation of punk for fuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletaceae", + "family Boletaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of fleshy fungi having the germ pores easily separating from the cup and often from each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus", + "genus Boletus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Boletaceae; genus of soft early-decaying pore fungi; some poisonous and some edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus chrysenteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus convex cap and a dingy yellow under surface and a dry stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus edulis" + ], + "it": [ + "boletus edulis", + "ceppatello", + "porcino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible and choice fungus; has a convex cap that is slightly viscid when fresh and moist but soon dries and a thick bulbous tan stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frost's bolete", + "Boletus frostii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a red cap and a red coarsely reticulate stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus luridus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous fungus with a dingy yellow cap and orange red undersurface and a cylindrical reticulate stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus mirabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that is edible when young and fresh; has a dark brown convex cap with a yellow to greenish under surface and reddish stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus pallidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that has an off-white cap when it is young but later becomes dingy brown and a stalk of the same color; the under surface of the cap (the tubes) a pale greenish yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus pulcherrimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautiful but poisonous bolete; has a brown cap with a scarlet pore surface and a thick reticulate stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus pulverulentus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a broadly convex blackish brown cap and a pore surface that is yellow when young and darkens with age; stalk is thick and enlarges toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus roxanae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a rusty red cap and a white pore surface that becomes yellow with age and a pale yellow stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus subvelutipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a velvety stalk and usually a dingy brown cap; injured areas turn blue instantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus variipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible (but not choice) fungus found on soil under hardwoods; has a dry convex cap with whitish under surface and a reticulate stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletus zelleri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible and choice fungus that has a brown cap with greenish yellow under surface and a stalk that become dull red with age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuscoboletinus", + "genus Fuscoboletinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuscoboletinus paluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a pinkish purple cap and stalk and a pore surface that is yellow with large angular pores that become like gills in maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuscoboletinus serotinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and a whitish pore surface and stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leccinum", + "genus Leccinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leccinum fibrillosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a dark reddish brown cap and a wide light tan stalk that expands toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phylloporus", + "genus Phylloporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phylloporus boletinoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and pores that extend part way down the stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suillus", + "genus Suillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suillus albivelatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short squat edible fungus with a reddish brown cap and white stalk; fruits under pines in the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strobilomyces", + "genus Strobilomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi similar to Boletus but with a shaggy scaly cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-man-of-the-woods", + "Strobilomyces floccopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible mild-tasting mushroom found in coniferous woodlands of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletellus", + "genus Boletellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boletellus russellii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a long coarsely shaggy reticulate stalk and a rimose areolate cap surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jelly fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the order Tremellales or Auriculariales whose fruiting body is jellylike in consistency when fresh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tremellales", + "order Tremellales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi varying from gelatinous to waxy or even horny in texture; most are saprophytic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tremellaceae", + "family Tremellaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of basidiomycetous fungi of the order Tremellales that have the basidium divided longitudinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tremella", + "genus Tremella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi with yellowish gelatinous sporophores having convolutions resembling those of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow mushroom", + "Tremella fuciformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular in China and Japan and Taiwan; gelatinous mushrooms; most are dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witches' butter", + "Tremella lutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow jelly fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tremella foliacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jelly fungus with a fruiting body 5-15 cm broad and gelatinous in consistency; resembles a bunch of leaf lettuce; mostly water and brownish in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tremella reticulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jelly fungus with an erect whitish fruiting body and a highly variable shape (sometimes resembling coral fungi)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auriculariales", + "order Auriculariales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Auriculariaceae; sometimes included in the order Tremellales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auriculariaceae", + "family Auriculariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungi having gelatinous sporophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auricularia", + "genus Auricularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Auriculariaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jew's-ear", + "Jew's-ears", + "ear fungus", + "Auricularia auricula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed edible fungus shaped like a human ear and growing on decaying wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacrymycetaceae", + "family Dacrymycetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of basidiomycetous fungi belonging to the order Tremellales having a bifurcate basidium that lacks septa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacrymyces", + "genus Dacrymyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dacrymycetaceae: fungi with a bifurcate basidium that lacks septa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uredinales", + "order Uredinales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rust fungi: parasitic fungi causing rust in plants; sometimes placed in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust", + "rust fungus" + ], + "it": [ + "ruggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fungi causing rust disease in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruiting body of some rust fungi bearing chains of aeciospores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeciospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spore of a rust fungus formed in an aecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melampsoraceae", + "family Melampsoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rust fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melampsora", + "genus Melampsora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rusts having sessile one-celled teliospores in a single layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flax rust", + "flax rust fungus", + "Melampsora lini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing flax rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cronartium", + "genus Cronartium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rust fungi having aecia produced in raised or swollen sori and teliospores borne in waxy columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister rust", + "Cronartium ribicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing white pine blister rust and having a complex life cycle requiring a plant of genus Ribes as alternate host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pucciniaceae", + "family Pucciniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large important family of rust fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puccinia", + "genus Puccinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pucciniaceae; a large genus of parasitic fungi including many that are destructive to various economic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat rust", + "Puccinia graminis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rust fungus that attacks wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnosporangium", + "genus Gymnosporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi that produce galls on cedars and other conifers of genera Juniperus and Libocedrus and causes rust spots on apples and pears and other plants of family Rosaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple rust", + "cedar-apple rust", + "Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rust fungus causing rust spots on apples and pears etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiliomycetes", + "class Tiliomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some systems to comprise the two orders Ustilaginales (smuts) and Uredinales (rusts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ustilaginales", + "order Ustilaginales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic fungi causing smuts; sometimes placed in class Tiliomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut", + "smut fungus" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the order Ustilaginales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covered smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smut fungus causing a smut disease of grains in which the spore masses are covered or held together by the grain membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ustilaginaceae", + "family Ustilaginaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus family of loose smuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ustilago", + "genus Ustilago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ustilaginaceae; genus comprising the loose smuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smut fungus of the genus Ustilago causing a smut disease of grains in which the entire head is transformed into a dusty mass of spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornsmut", + "corn smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smut fungus attacking Indian corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil smut", + "Ustilago maydis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common smut attacking Indian corn causing greyish white swellings that rupture to expose a black spore mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphacelotheca", + "genus Sphacelotheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of smut fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head smut", + "Sphacelotheca reiliana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smut fungus attacking heads of corn or sorghum and causing a covered smut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tilletiaceae", + "family Tilletiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of smut fungi having a simple promycelium bearing the spores in an apical cluster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tilletia", + "genus Tilletia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Tilletiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunt", + "Tilletia caries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus that destroys kernels of wheat by replacing them with greasy masses of smelly spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunt", + "stinking smut", + "Tilletia foetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Tilletia caries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urocystis", + "genus Urocystis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of smut fungi belonging to the family Tilletiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion smut", + "Urocystis cepulae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smut fungus causing blackish blisters on scales and leaves of onions; especially destructive to seedlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag smut fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smut fungus causing a smut in cereals and other grasses that chiefly affects leaves and stems and is characterized chains of sori within the plant tissue that later rupture releasing black masses of spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat flag smut", + "Urocystis tritici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus affecting leaves and stems of wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Septobasidiaceae", + "family Septobasidiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Septobasidium", + "genus Septobasidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Septobasidiaceae: smooth shelf fungi usually having a well-developed sometimes thick-walled hypobasidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt fungus", + "Septobasidium pseudopedicellatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus that frequently encircles twigs and branches of various trees especially citrus trees in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophoraceae", + "family Hygrophoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales; the gills of these fungi have a clean waxy appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxycap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus of the family Hygrophoraceae having gills that are more or less waxy in appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrocybe", + "genus Hygrocybe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrocybe acutoconica", + "conic waxycap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus having an acutely conic cap and dry stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus", + "genus Hygrophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a white convex cap and arcuate white gills and a stalk that tapers toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus caeruleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a broadly convex cap that is cream color with a tint of blue over the margin; waxy gills are bluish green to blue-grey; a short stalk tapers abruptly at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus inocybiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a drab squamulose cap and grey-brown squamules over the white background of the stalk and waxy grey-white gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus kauffmanii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a slightly viscid cap; cap and gills are reddish brown and the stalk is grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus marzuolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey fungus frequently found near melting snow banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus purpurascens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a viscid purplish red cap and stalk; found under spruce and other conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus russula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a reddish cap and close pale gills and dry stalk; found under hardwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus sordidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a large white cap and a dry stalk and white gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus tennesseensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus having a brownish sticky cap with a white margin and white gills and an odor of raw potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrophorus turundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fungus with orange cap and yellow gills found in sphagnum bogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrotrama", + "genus Hygrotrama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygrotrama foetens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small grey-brown fungus with an unpleasant odor of mothballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neohygrophorus", + "genus Neohygrophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neohygrophorus angelesianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a small brown convex cap with a depressed disc; waxy wine-colored gills and a brown stalk; fruits in or near melting snow banks in the western mountains of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cobwebby partial veil consisting of silky fibrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinariaceae", + "family Cortinariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius", + "genus Cortinarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest genus in the Agaricales; agarics having rusty spores and prominent cortinae (cobwebby partial veils)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius armillatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with large tawny caps and pale cinnamon gills and a red band of veil around the stalk; usually found near birch trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius atkinsonianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible fungus with a slimy viscid cap that is initially yellow but turns olive and then tawny; flesh is lavender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius corrugatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a viscid wrinkled tawny cap; the stalk has a basal bulb that diminishes as the stalk elongates; the gills are dark violet at first but soon turn brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius gentilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous fungus with a bright yellow brown cap and a long cinnamon colored stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius mutabilis", + "purple-staining Cortinarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a reddish purple cap having a smooth slimy surface; close violet gills; all parts stain dark purple when bruised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius semisanguineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a dry brown cap and rusty red gills and a yellowish stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius subfoetidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a sticky lavender cap and stalk that whitish above and covered with a silky lavender sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortinarius violaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that is violet overall with a squamulose cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnopilus", + "genus Gymnopilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus characterized by the orange color of the spore deposit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnopilus spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus with a brownish orange fruiting body and a ring near the top of the stalk; the taste is bitter and the flesh contains psilocybin and psilocin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnopilus validipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous fungus with a dry cap and a cortina that does not leave much of a ring on the robust stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnopilus ventricosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a giant fungus of the Pacific Northwest; has a very thick stalk and the cortina leaves a ring high up on the stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould" + ], + "it": [ + "muffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that produces a superficial growth on various kinds of damp or decaying organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mildew" + ], + "it": [ + "muffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus that produces a superficial (usually white) growth on organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moniliales", + "order Moniliales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of imperfect fungi lacking conidiophores of having conidiophores that are superficial and not enclosed in a pycnidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Verticillium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of imperfect fungi having conidia borne singly at the apex of whorled branchlets; cause wilt diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verticillium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus of the genus Verticillium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moniliaceae", + "family Moniliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of imperfect fungi having white or brightly colored hyphae and spores that are produced directly on the mycelium and not aggregated in fruiting bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichophyton", + "genus Trichophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus of the family Moniliaceae; causes ringworm and favus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microsporum", + "genus Microsporum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fungus of the family Moniliaceae; causes ringworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Monilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of parasitic yeastlike imperfect fungi having spherical or oval conidia in branched chains; some species usually placed in other genera especially genus Candida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Monilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Candida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of yeastlike imperfect fungi; sometimes included in genus Monilia of the family Moniliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Candida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Candida albicans", + "Monilia albicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parasitic fungus that can infect the mouth or the skin or the intestines or the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercosporella", + "genus Cercosporella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form genus of imperfect fungi lacking pigment in the spores and conidiophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penicillium", + "genus Penicillium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fungi commonly growing as green or blue molds on decaying food; used in making cheese and as a source of penicillin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blastomyces", + "genus Blastomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of pathogenic yeastlike fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastomycete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various yeastlike budding fungi of the genus Blastomyces; cause disease in humans and other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dematiaceae", + "family Dematiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of imperfect mushrooms having dark-colored hyphae or conidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercospora", + "genus Cercospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form genus of imperfect fungi that are leaf parasites with long slender spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow spot fungus", + "Cercospora kopkei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing yellow spot (a sugarcane disease in Australia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ustilaginoidea", + "genus Ustilaginoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of imperfect fungi causing plant diseases like smut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green smut fungus", + "Ustilaginoidea virens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus causing green smut in rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuberculariaceae", + "family Tuberculariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of mainly saprophytic imperfect fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tubercularia", + "genus Tubercularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tuberculariaceae; fungi with nodules of red or pink conidia; some cause diebacks of woody plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Fusarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form genus of mostly plant parasites some of which cause dry rot; in humans a species can cause inflammation of cornea leading to blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus causing dry rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycelia Sterilia", + "order Mycelia Sterilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of imperfect fungi having no known spore stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhizoctinia", + "form genus Rhizoctinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form genus of imperfect fungi some species of which are now placed in genera Pellicularia and Corticium because their perfect stages have been found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizoctinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungus now or formerly belonging to the form genus Rhizoctinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ozonium", + "genus Ozonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form genus of imperfect fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sclerotium", + "genus Sclerotium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form genus of sterile imperfect fungi; many form sclerotia; some cause sclerotium disease in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houseplant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of plants grown indoors for decorative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of plants usually grown especially in a flower or herb garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedder", + "bedding plant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental plant suitable for planting in a flowerbed" + ], + "it": [ + "piantina da mettere a dimora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular plant", + "tracheophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succulent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant adapted to arid conditions and characterized by fleshy water-storing tissues that act as water reservoirs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonvascular organism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organisms without vascular tissue: e.g. algae, lichens, fungi, mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism or species surviving as a remnant of an otherwise extinct flora or fauna in an environment much changed from that in which it originated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of a plant developed from a natural species and maintained under cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivated plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants that are grown for their produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weed" + ], + "it": [ + "erbaccia", + "malerba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant that crowds out cultivated plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop", + "harvest" + ], + "it": [ + "annata", + "raccolto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yield from plants in a single growing season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a readily salable crop that is grown and gathered for the market (as vegetables or cotton or tobacco)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crop that grows quickly (e.g. lettuce) and can be planted between two regular crops grown in successive seasons or between two rows of crops in the same season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crop planted to prevent soil erosion and provide green manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crop (other than fruits or vegetables) that is grown for agricultural purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yield of fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant part", + "plant structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any part of a plant or fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a functional and structural unit of a plant or fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant process", + "enation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural projection or outgrowth from a plant body or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apophysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a natural swelling or enlargement: at the base of the stalk or seta in certain mosses or on the cone scale of certain conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callus" + ], + "it": [ + "callo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) an isolated thickening of tissue, especially a stiff protuberance on the lip of an orchid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a swelling on a plant similar to that on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nodule", + "tubercle" + ], + "it": [ + "tubercolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rounded wartlike protuberance on a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tubular extension at the base of the corolla in some flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruiting body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ specialized for producing spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aculeus" + ], + "it": [ + "aculeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff sharp-pointed plant process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acumen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tapering point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spine", + "thorn", + "prickle", + "pricker", + "sticker", + "spikelet" + ], + "it": [ + "aculeo", + "spina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sharp-pointed tip resembling a spike on a stem or leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glochidium", + "glochid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barbed spine or bristle (often tufted on cacti)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorny stem or twig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair", + "fuzz", + "tomentum" + ], + "it": [ + "tomento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filamentous hairlike growth on a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinging hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multicellular hair in plants like the stinging nettle that expels an irritating fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a usually terminal tuft of bracts (as in the pineapple) or tuft of hairs (especially on certain seeds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuft or growth of hairs or bristles on certain plants such as iris or grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awn" + ], + "it": [ + "arista", + "resta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender bristlelike appendage found on the bracts of grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aril" + ], + "it": [ + "arillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy and usually brightly colored cover of some seeds that develops from the ovule stalk and partially or entirely envelopes the seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duct" + ], + "it": [ + "canale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous tube formed by a row of elongated cells lacking intervening end walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laticifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant duct containing latex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antheridium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male sex organ of spore-producing plants; produces antherozoids; equivalent to the anther in flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antheridiophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gametophore bearing antheridia as in certain mosses and liverworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporophyll", + "sporophyl" + ], + "it": [ + "sporofillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf in ferns and mosses that bears the sporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporangium", + "spore case", + "spore sac" + ], + "it": [ + "sporangio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ containing or producing spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporangiophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalk bearing one or more sporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascus" + ], + "it": [ + "asco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saclike structure in which ascospores are formed through sexual reproduction of ascomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexually produced fungal spore formed within an ascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a string of thick walled vegetative resting cells formed by some algae and fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body that resembles a spore but is not an endospore; produced by some bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theca", + "sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case or sheath especially a pollen sac or moss capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraphysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sterile simple or branched filament or hair borne among sporangia; may be pointed or clubbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eusporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sporangium that arises from a group of epidermal cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptosporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sporangium formed from a single epidermal cell; characteristic of the Filicales or of almost all modern ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrasporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sporangium containing four asexual spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spore-bearing branch or organ: the part of the thallus of a sporophyte that develops spores; in ferns and mosses and liverworts is practically equivalent to the sporophyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell or organ in which gametes develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametoecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gametangia and surrounding bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynoecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female gametoecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male gametoecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modified branch bearing gametangia as in the thalloid liverworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cluster of sporangia usually on underside of a fern frond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spore-producing structure in certain lichens and fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indusium" + ], + "it": [ + "indusio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane enclosing and protecting the developing spores especially that covering the sori of a fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veil", + "velum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membranous covering attached to the immature fruiting body of certain mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal veil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membrane initially completely investing the young sporophore of various mushrooms that is ruptured by growth; represented in the mature mushroom by a volva around lower part of stem and scales on upper surface of the cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial veil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membrane of the young sporophore of various mushrooms extending from the margin of the cap to the stem and is ruptured by growth; represented in mature mushroom by an annulus around the stem and sometimes a cortina on the margin of the cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annulus", + "skirt" + ], + "it": [ + "anello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Fungi) a remnant of the partial veil that in mature mushrooms surrounds the stem like a collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antherozoid", + "spermatozoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motile male gamete of a plant such as an alga or fern or gymnosperm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tissue of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp", + "flesh" + ], + "it": [ + "carne", + "polpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft moist part of a fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pith" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft spongelike central cylinder of the stems of most flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenchyma" + ], + "it": [ + "parenchima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the primary tissue of higher plants composed of thin-walled cells that remain capable of cell division even when mature; constitutes the greater part of leaves, roots, the pulp of fruits, and the pith of stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorenchyma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parenchyma whose cells contain chloroplasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue that conducts water and nutrients through the plant body in higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usually cylindrical central vascular portion of the axis of a vascular plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cambium" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formative one-cell layer of tissue between xylem and phloem in most vascular plants that is responsible for secondary growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newly formed outer wood lying between the cambium and the heartwood of a tree or woody plant; usually light colored; active in water conduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartwood", + "duramen" + ], + "it": [ + "massello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the older inactive central wood of a tree or woody plant; usually darker and denser than the surrounding sapwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular bundle", + "vascular strand", + "fibrovascular bundle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit strand of the vascular system in stems and leaves of higher plants consisting essentially of xylem and phloem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein", + "nervure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the vascular bundles or ribs that form the branching framework of conducting and supporting tissues in a leaf or other plant organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midrib", + "midvein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vein in the center of a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular ray", + "medullary ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of vascular tissue separating the vascular bundles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xylem" + ], + "it": [ + "adroma", + "xilema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the woody part of plants: the supporting and water-conducting tissue, consisting primarily of tracheids and vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracheid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long tubular cell peculiar to xylem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phloem", + "bast" + ], + "it": [ + "libro", + "floema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) tissue that conducts synthesized food substances (e.g., from leaves) to parts where needed; consists primarily of sieve tubes" + ], + "it": [ + "in botanica, la parte del tronco di un albero vicina alla corteccia, ricca di vasi fibrosi attraverso i quali circola la linfa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieve tube" + ], + "it": [ + "cribro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tube formed by cells joined end-to-end through which nutrients flow in flowering plants and brown algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudophloem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false phloem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bast", + "bast fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong woody fibers obtained especially from the phloem of from various plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gall" + ], + "it": [ + "galla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal swelling of plant tissue caused by insects or microorganisms or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak apple" + ], + "it": [ + "galla di quercia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oak gall caused by larvae of a cynipid wasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evergreen", + "evergreen plant" + ], + "it": [ + "perpetuino", + "sempreverde", + "semprevivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant having foliage that persists and remains green throughout the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deciduous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant having foliage that is shed annually at the end of the growing season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poisonous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that when touched or ingested in sufficient quantity can be harmful or fatal to an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vine" + ], + "it": [ + "vite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climber" + ], + "it": [ + "rampicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vine or climbing plant that readily grows up a support or over other plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeper" + ], + "it": [ + "rampicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant (as ivy or periwinkle) that grows by creeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendril" + ], + "it": [ + "cirro", + "viticcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender stem-like structure by which some twining plants attach themselves to an object for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrus", + "cirrhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually coiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root climber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that climbs by its adventitious roots e.g. ivy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woody plant", + "ligneous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant having hard lignified tissues or woody parts especially stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignosae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category in some early taxonomies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arborescent plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the shape or characteristics of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dead tree that is still standing, usually in an undisturbed forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree" + ], + "it": [ + "albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms" + ], + "it": [ + "ogni pianta perenne con fusto legnoso (tronco) ramificato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree that is valued as a source of lumber or timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree (as opposed to shrub)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees having seedpods as fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollard" + ], + "it": [ + "capitozza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree with limbs cut back to promote a more bushy growth of foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapling" + ], + "it": [ + "albarello", + "alberello", + "arboscello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree planted or valued chiefly for its shade from sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnospermous tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree of the division Gymnospermophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conifer", + "coniferous tree" + ], + "it": [ + "conifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any gymnospermous tree or shrub bearing cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiospermous tree", + "flowering tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree having seeds and ovules contained in the ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing aromatic bark or berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trees having leaves or bark used to allay fever or thought to indicate regions free of fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump", + "tree stump" + ], + "it": [ + "ceppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(forestry) the stump of a tree that has been felled or headed for the production of saplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonsai" + ], + "it": [ + "bonsai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwarfed ornamental tree or shrub grown in a tray or shallow pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ming tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwarfed evergreen conifer or shrub shaped to have flat-topped asymmetrical branches and grown in a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ming tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial plant resembling a bonsai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundcover", + "ground cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plants other than saplings growing on a forest floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundcover", + "ground cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing plants planted in deep shade or on a steep slope where turf is difficult to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrub", + "bush" + ], + "it": [ + "arbusto", + "cespuglio", + "frutice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undershrub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burning bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the bush that burned without being consumed and from which God spoke to Moses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrublet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subshrub", + "suffrutex" + ], + "it": [ + "suffrutice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing woody shrub or perennial with woody base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bramble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rough thorny shrubs or vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowering shrub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub noted primarily for its flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liana" + ], + "it": [ + "liana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woody climbing usually tropical plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasitic plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant living on another plant and obtaining organic nutriment from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemiparasite", + "semiparasite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parasitic plant that contains some chlorophyll and therefore is capable of photosynthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perennial plant that propagates by underground bulbs or tubers or corms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert plant", + "xerophyte", + "xerophytic plant", + "xerophile", + "xerophilous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant adapted for life with a limited supply of water; compare hydrophyte and mesophyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesophyte", + "mesophytic plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land plant growing in surroundings having an average supply of water; compare xerophyte and hydrophyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic plant", + "water plant", + "hydrophyte", + "hydrophytic plant" + ], + "it": [ + "idrofita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that grows partly or wholly in water whether rooted in the mud, as a lotus, or floating without anchorage, as the water hyacinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh plant", + "bog plant", + "swamp plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiaquatic plant that grows in soft wet land; most are monocots: sedge, sphagnum, grasses, cattails, etc; possibly heath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air plant", + "epiphyte", + "aerophyte", + "epiphytic plant" + ], + "it": [ + "aerofita", + "epifita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that derives moisture and nutrients from the air and rain; usually grows on another plant but not parasitic on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemiepiphyte", + "semiepiphyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that is an epiphyte for part of its life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangler", + "strangler tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epiphytic vine or tree whose aerial roots extend down the trunk of a supporting tree and coalesce around it eventually strangling the tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock plant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that grows on or among rocks or is suitable for a rock garden" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta rupestre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithophyte", + "lithophytic plant" + ], + "it": [ + "litofita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that grows on rocks or stony soil and derives nourishment from the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupestral plant", + "rupestrine plant", + "rupicolous plant", + "saxicolous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants growing among rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saprophyte", + "saprophytic organism" + ], + "it": [ + "saprofita", + "saprofito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that feeds on dead organic matter especially a fungus or bacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saprobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that lives in and derives its nourishment from organic matter in stagnant or foul water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katharobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that lives in an oxygenated medium lacking organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autophyte", + "autophytic plant", + "autotroph", + "autotrophic organism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant capable of synthesizing its own food from simple organic substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a plant from which the roots spring or the part of a stalk or trunk nearest the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rootage", + "root system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a developed system of roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ], + "it": [ + "barba", + "radica", + "radice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumatophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air-filled root (submerged or exposed) that can function as a respiratory organ of a marsh or swamp plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taproot" + ], + "it": [ + "fittone", + "radice principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) main root of a plant growing straight downward from the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventitious root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root growing in an unusual location e.g. from a stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crop grown for its enlarged roots: e.g. beets; potatoes; turnips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root cap" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia", + "cuffia radicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thimble-shaped mass of cells covering and protecting the growing tip of a root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rootlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small root or division of a root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root hair" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell just behind the tip; absorbs nutrients from the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prop root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a root that grows from and supports the stem above the ground in plants such as mangroves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant structure resembling a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant or stem onto which a graft is made; especially a plant grown specifically to provide the root part of grafted plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rootstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root or part of a root used for plant propagation; especially that part of a grafted plant that supplies the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "talea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part (sometimes a root or leaf or bud) removed from a plant to propagate a new plant through rooting or grafting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cuttings of plants set in the ground to grow as hawthorn for hedges or vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stolon", + "runner", + "offset" + ], + "it": [ + "stolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal branch from the base of plant that produces new plants from buds at its tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "treetop" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cima di un albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper branches and leaves of a tree or other plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of leafy branches forming the top or head of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing from a tuber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuber" + ], + "it": [ + "tubero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleshy underground stem or root serving for reproductive and food storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizome", + "rootstock", + "rootstalk" + ], + "it": [ + "rizoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main stem or central part about which plant organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rachis" + ], + "it": [ + "rachide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "axis of a compound leaf or compound inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caudex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody stem of palms and tree ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk", + "stem" + ], + "it": [ + "fusto", + "gambo", + "stelo", + "caule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender or elongated structure that supports a plant or fungus or a plant part or plant organ" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte delle piante cormofite che si erge verticalmente e collega le radici alle foglie, svolgendo funzione di sostegno e di distribuzione delle sostanze nutritive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segment of a stem between two nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beanstalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stem of a bean plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cladode", + "cladophyll", + "phylloclad", + "phylloclade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flattened stem resembling and functioning as a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptacle" + ], + "it": [ + "ricettacolo", + "talamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarged tip of a stem that bears the floral parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "caudex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent thickened stem of a herbaceous perennial plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axil" + ], + "it": [ + "ascella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper angle between an axis and an offshoot such as a branch or leafstalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipe" + ], + "it": [ + "gambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supporting stalk or stem-like structure especially of a pistil or fern frond or supporting a mushroom cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scape", + "flower stalk" + ], + "it": [ + "scapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect leafless flower stalk growing directly from the ground as in a tulip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meristem" + ], + "it": [ + "meristema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undifferentiated tissue from which new cells are formed, as at the tip of a stem or root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbel" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat-topped or rounded inflorescence characteristic of the family Umbelliferae in which the individual flower stalks arise from about the same point; youngest flowers are at the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corymb" + ], + "it": [ + "corimbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat-topped or convex inflorescence in which the individual flower stalks grow upward from various points on the main stem to approximately the same height; outer flowers open first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of an umbel or an umbelliform inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petiole", + "leafstalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slender stem that supports the blade of a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phyllode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expanded petiole taking on the function of a leaf blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade", + "leaf blade" + ], + "it": [ + "lembo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf as distinct from the petiole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peduncle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalk bearing an inflorescence or solitary flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedicel", + "pedicle" + ], + "it": [ + "pedicello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small stalk bearing a single flower of an inflorescence; an ultimate division of a common peduncle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower cluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflorescence consisting of a cluster of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raceme" + ], + "it": [ + "racemo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually elongate cluster of flowers along the main stem in which the flowers at the base open first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compound raceme or branched cluster of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyrse", + "thyrsus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense flower cluster (as of the lilac or horse chestnut) in which the main axis is racemose and the branches are cymose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more or less flat-topped cluster of flowers in which the central or terminal flower opens first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cyme, generally with few flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glomerule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compacted or sessile cyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpioid cyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyme with flowers or branches alternating in opposite ranks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) an indeterminate inflorescence bearing sessile flowers on an unbranched axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear", + "spike", + "capitulum" + ], + "it": [ + "pannocchia", + "spiga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruiting spike of a cereal plant especially corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulum", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "capolino", + "cespo", + "cesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense cluster of flowers or foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spadix" + ], + "it": [ + "spadice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy axis of a spike often surrounded by a spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulb" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbo", + "cipolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modified bud consisting of a thickened globular underground stem serving as a reproductive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulbous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing from a bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulbil", + "bulblet" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bulb or bulb-shaped growth arising from the leaf axil or in the place of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corm" + ], + "it": [ + "cormo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid swollen underground bulb-shaped stem or stem base and serving as a reproductive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cormous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing from a corm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "frutta", + "frutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant" + ], + "it": [ + "botanica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diminutive fruit, especially one that is part of a multiple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ], + "it": [ + "seme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hard fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various seeds or fruits that are beans or resemble beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually large hard-shelled seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small hard nutlet of a drupe or drupelet; the seed and the hard endocarp that surrounds it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kernel", + "meat" + ], + "it": [ + "gariglio", + "gheriglio", + "mandorla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner and usually edible part of a seed or grain or nut or fruit stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syconium" + ], + "it": [ + "siconio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy multiple fruit of the fig consisting of an enlarged hollow receptacle containing numerous fruitlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berry" + ], + "it": [ + "acino", + "bacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fruit having any of various structures, e.g., simple (grape or blueberry) or aggregate (blackberry or raspberry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggregate fruit", + "multiple fruit", + "syncarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit consisting of many individual small fruits or drupes derived from separate ovaries within a common receptacle: e.g. blackberry; raspberry; pineapple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple fruit", + "bacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indehiscent fruit derived from a single ovary having one or many seeds within a fleshy wall or pericarp: e.g. grape; tomato; cranberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the small drupes making up an aggregate or multiple fruit like a blackberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drupe", + "stone fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy indehiscent fruit with a single seed: e.g. almond; peach; plum; cherry; elderberry; olive; jujube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drupelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small part of an aggregate fruit that resembles a drupe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pome", + "false fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleshy fruit (apple or pear or related fruits) having seed chambers and an outer fleshy part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod", + "seedpod" + ], + "it": [ + "baccello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a several-seeded dehiscent fruit as e.g. of a leguminous plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loment" + ], + "it": [ + "lomento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seedpods that are constricted between the seeds and that break apart when mature into single-seeded segments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyxidium", + "pyxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit of such plants as the plantain; a capsule whose upper part falls off when the seeds are released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "husk" + ], + "it": [ + "buccia", + "mallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer membranous covering of some fruits or seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornhusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the husk of an ear of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry outer covering of a fruit or seed or nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod", + "cod", + "seedcase" + ], + "it": [ + "baccello", + "guscio", + "legume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vessel that contains the seeds of a plant (not the seeds themselves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea pod", + "peasecod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "husk of a pea; edible in some garden peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory fruit", + "pseudocarp" + ], + "it": [ + "pseudocarpio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit containing much fleshy tissue besides that of the ripened ovary; as apple or strawberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhamnales", + "order Rhamnales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhamnaceae", + "family Rhamnaceae", + "buckthorn family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trees and shrubs usually thorny bearing drupaceous fruit many having medicinal value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhamnus", + "genus Rhamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rhamnaceae: buckthorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckthorn" + ], + "it": [ + "spincervino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub or shrubby tree of the genus Rhamnus; fruits are source of yellow dyes or pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckthorn berry", + "yellow berry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit of various buckthorns yielding dyes or pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascara buckthorn", + "bearberry", + "bearwood", + "chittamwood", + "chittimwood", + "Rhamnus purshianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby tree of the Pacific coast of the United States; yields cascara sagrada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascara", + "cascara sagrada", + "chittam bark", + "chittem bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried bark of the cascara buckthorn used as a laxative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina buckthorn", + "indian cherry", + "Rhamnus carolinianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern and central United States having black berrylike fruit; golden-yellow in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffeeberry", + "California buckthorn", + "California coffee", + "Rhamnus californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of western United States bearing small red or black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alder buckthorn", + "alder dogwood", + "Rhamnus frangula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree common in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redberry", + "red-berry", + "Rhamnus croceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny evergreen shrub of western United States and Mexico with minute flowers and bright red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colubrina", + "genus Colubrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly tropical American shrubs or small trees with small yellowish flowers and yellow or red fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nakedwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small to medium-sized trees of Florida and West Indies with thin scaly bark and heavy dark heartwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ziziphus", + "genus Ziziphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny chiefly tropical American and Asiatic shrubs: jujubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jujube", + "jujube bush", + "Christ's-thorn", + "Jerusalem thorn", + "Ziziphus jujuba" + ], + "it": [ + "Ziziphus jujuba", + "giuggiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny tree having dark red edible fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotus tree", + "Ziziphus lotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby deciduous tree of the Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paliurus", + "genus Paliurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny Eurasian shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christ's-thorn", + "Jerusalem thorn", + "Paliurus spina-christi" + ], + "it": [ + "Paliurus spina-christi", + "cappellini", + "marruca", + "spino-gatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny Eurasian shrub with dry woody winged fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomaderris", + "genus Pomaderris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Australasian shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazel", + "hazel tree", + "Pomaderris apetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree grown especially for ornament and its fine-grained wood and bearing edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vitaceae", + "family Vitaceae", + "Vitidaceae", + "grapevine family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of vines belonging to order Rhamnales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vitis", + "genus Vitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Vitaceae; woody vines with simple leaves and small flowers; includes a wide variety of grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape", + "grapevine", + "grape vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous woody vines of genus Vitis bearing clusters of edible berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox grape", + "Vitis labrusca" + ], + "it": [ + "Vitis labrusca", + "vite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native grape of northeastern United States; origin of many cultivated varieties e.g. Concord grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscadine", + "Vitis rotundifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native grape of southeastern United States; origin of many cultivated varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinifera", + "vinifera grape", + "common grape vine", + "Vitis vinifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Vitis vinifera", + "vite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European grape cultivated in many varieties; chief source of Old World wine and table grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chardonnay", + "chardonnay grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white wine grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinot", + "Pinot grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several purple or white wine grapes used especially for Burgundies and champagnes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinot noir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red wine grape; grown especially in California for making wines resembling those from Burgundy, France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinot blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white wine grape; grown especially in California for making wines resembling those from Chablis, France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauvignon grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blue-black grape of Medoc region of France highly prized in winemaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabernet Sauvignon grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superior red wine grapes grown especially in the Bordeaux region of France and northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauvignon blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white wine grape grown in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merlot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black wine grape originally from the region of Bordeaux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscadet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white grape grown especially in the valley the Loire in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riesling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white grape grown in Europe and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zinfandel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black grape grown chiefly in California; transplanted from Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chenin blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white grape grown especially in California and the lower Loire valley of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malvasia" + ], + "it": [ + "malvasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to make malmsey wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscat", + "muskat" + ], + "it": [ + "moscato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cultivated grapevines that produce sweet white grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verdicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of white wine grape grown in Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthenocissus", + "genus Parthenocissus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vines having disklike tips on the tendrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston ivy", + "Japanese ivy", + "Parthenocissus tricuspidata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic vine with three-lobed leaves and purple berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia creeper", + "American ivy", + "woodbine", + "Parthenocissus quinquefolia" + ], + "it": [ + "vite del Canada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American vine with compound leaves and bluish-black berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piperales", + "order Piperales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Piperaceae; Saururaceae; Chloranthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piperaceae", + "family Piperaceae", + "pepper family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical woody vines and herbaceous plants having aromatic herbage and minute flowers in spikelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piper", + "genus Piper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Piperaceae: large genus of chiefly climbing tropical shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true pepper", + "pepper vine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubby vines of the genus Piper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper", + "common pepper", + "black pepper", + "white pepper", + "Madagascar pepper", + "Piper nigrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climber having dark red berries (peppercorns) when fully ripe; southern India and Sri Lanka; naturalized in northern Burma and Assam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long pepper", + "Piper longum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender tropical climber of the eastern Himalayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betel", + "betel pepper", + "Piper betel" + ], + "it": [ + "betel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian pepper plant whose dried leaves are chewed with betel nut (seed of the betel palm) by southeast Asians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubeb", + "cubeb vine", + "Java pepper", + "Piper cubeba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical southeast Asian shrubby vine bearing spicy berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubeb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy fruit of the cubeb vine; when dried and crushed is used medicinally or in perfumery and sometimes smoked in cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry dehiscent fruit that at maturity splits into two or more parts each with a single seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Peperomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of small tropical usually succulent herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peperomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watermelon begonia", + "Peperomia argyreia", + "Peperomia sandersii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chloranthaceae", + "family Chloranthaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of tropical herbs and shrubs and trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chloranthus", + "genus Chloranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chloranthaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saururaceae", + "family Saururaceae", + "lizard's-tail family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of perennial aromatic herbs: genera Saururus, Anemopsis, Houttuynia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saururus", + "genus Saururus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Saururaceae: lizard's-tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lizard's-tail", + "swamp lily", + "water dragon", + "Saururus cernuus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herbaceous perennial of wet places having slender curled racemes of small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anemopsis", + "genus Anemopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: yerba mansa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yerba mansa", + "Anemopsis californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houttuynia", + "genus Houttuynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; east Asian low-growing plant of wet places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf", + "leafage", + "foliage" + ], + "it": [ + "chioma", + "fogliame", + "foglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplexicaul leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf with its base clasping the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenery", + "verdure" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetazione", + "verde", + "verzura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydathode", + "water pore", + "water stoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pore that exudes water on the surface or margin of a leaf of higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenticel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many raised pores on the stems of woody plants that allow the interchange of gas between the atmosphere and the interior tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaflet" + ], + "it": [ + "fogliolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a compound leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node", + "leaf node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the small swelling that is the part of a plant stem from which one or more leaves emerge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinna", + "pinnule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "division of a usually pinnately divided leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frond" + ], + "it": [ + "fronda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compound leaf of a fern or palm or cycad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large floating leaf of an aquatic plant (as the water lily)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lily pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floating leaves of a water lily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modified leaf or leaflike part just below and protecting an inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracteole", + "bractlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spathe" + ], + "it": [ + "spata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous bract surrounding or subtending a spadix or other inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involucre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly conspicuous bract or bract pair or ring of bracts at the base of an inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemma", + "flowering glume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower and stouter of the two glumes immediately enclosing the floret in most Gramineae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glume" + ], + "it": [ + "gluma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dry membranous bract found in inflorescences of Gramineae and Cyperaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "scale leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squamule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf from a fig tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf that is not divided into parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf composed of a number of leaflets on a common stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifoliolate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having three leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinquefoliate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound leaf having five leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf resembling an open hand; having lobes radiating from a common point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinnate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf resembling a feather; having the leaflets on each side of a common axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bijugate leaf", + "bijugous leaf", + "twice-pinnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinnate leaf having two pairs of leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompound leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having divisions that are themselves compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acerate leaf", + "needle" + ], + "it": [ + "ago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leaf of a conifer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuminate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf narrowing to a slender point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heart-shaped leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuneate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedge-shaped leaf having the acute angle at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deltoid leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple leaf shaped like a capital delta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elliptic leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple leaf shaped like an ellipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensiform leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sword-shaped leaf; as of iris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hastate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf shaped like a spearhead with flaring pointed lobes at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanceolate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf shaped like a lance head; tapering to a point at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear leaf", + "elongate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long slender leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyrate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple leaf having curvature suggestive of a lyre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtuse leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple leaf having a rounded or blunt tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblanceolate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a rounded apex and tapering base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblong leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple leaf that is rounded at each end with parallel sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obovate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg-shaped leaf with the narrower end at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg-shaped leaf with the broader end at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbiculate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circular or nearly circular leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pandurate leaf", + "panduriform leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fiddle-shaped leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peltate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shield-shaped leaf; as a nasturtium leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfoliate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf with the base united around--and apparently pierced by--the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reniform leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple kidney-shaped leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagittate-leaf", + "sagittiform leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf shaped like an arrow head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatulate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spatula-shaped leaf; having a broad rounded apex and narrow base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bipinnate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having pinnate leaflets; as ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "even-pinnate leaf", + "abruptly-pinnate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinnate leaf with a pair of leaflets at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odd-pinnate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinnate leaf with a single leaflet at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having the radiating lobes each deeply cleft or divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entire leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a smooth margin without notches or indentations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crenate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a scalloped margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serrate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a margin notched like a saw with teeth pointing toward the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a toothed margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denticulate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a finely toothed margin; minutely dentate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emarginate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a notch at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erose leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having a jagged margin as though gnawed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runcinate leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having incised margins with the lobes or teeth curved toward the base; as a dandelion leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobed leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having deeply indented margins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a part into which a leaf is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel-veined leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf whose veins run in parallel from the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parted leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having margins incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly-edged leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaf having prickly margins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of leaves growing in crowded circles from a common center or crown (usually at or close to the ground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) any appendage to a plant that is shaped like a strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ], + "it": [ + "buccia", + "corteccia", + "scorza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter's bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bark having tonic and stimulant properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapa", + "tapa bark", + "tappa", + "tappa bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin fibrous bark of the paper mulberry and Pipturus albidus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angostura bark", + "angostura" + ], + "it": [ + "angostura", + "angustura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bitter bark of a South American tree; used in medicines and liqueurs and bitters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch" + ], + "it": [ + "branca", + "ramo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of a stem, or secondary stem arising from the main stem of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culm" + ], + "it": [ + "culmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stem of plants of the Gramineae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch or a part of a tree that is dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haulm", + "halm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stems of beans and peas and potatoes and grasses collectively as used for thatching and bedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb", + "tree branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the main branches arising from the trunk or a bough of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branchlet", + "twig", + "sprig" + ], + "it": [ + "fuscello", + "pagliuzza", + "ramoscello", + "stecco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small branch or division of a branch (especially a terminal division); usually applied to branches of the current or preceding year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin supple twig or rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withe", + "withy" + ], + "it": [ + "vinciglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong flexible twig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osier" + ], + "it": [ + "vime", + "vimine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flexible twig of a willow tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprout" + ], + "it": [ + "buttata", + "germoglio", + "rampollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any new growth of a plant such as a new branch or a bud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new branch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoot arising from a plant's roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoot that sprouts from the base of a grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bud" + ], + "it": [ + "boccio", + "bottone", + "gemma", + "occhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swelling on a plant stem consisting of overlapping immature leaves or petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf bud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bud from which leaves (but not flowers) develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower bud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bud from which only a flower or flowers develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed bud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bud yielding both leaves and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ], + "it": [ + "brocco", + "legnetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin branch of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bough" + ], + "it": [ + "frasca", + "ramo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the larger branches of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk", + "tree trunk", + "bole" + ], + "it": [ + "tronco d'albero", + "tronco", + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main stem of a tree; usually covered with bark; the bole is usually the part that is commercially useful for lumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large rounded outgrowth on the trunk or branch of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood cut from a tree burl or outgrowth; often used decoratively in veneer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fern family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "families of ferns and fern allies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fern genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genera of ferns and fern allies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Filicopsida", + "class Filicopsida", + "Filicinae", + "class Filicinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Filicales", + "order Filicales", + "Polypodiales", + "order Polypodiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true (leptosporangiate) ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gleicheniaceae", + "family Gleicheniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of ferns belonging to order Filicales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gleichenia", + "genus Gleichenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Gleicheniaceae: leptosporangiate ferns with sessile sporangia; South Africa to Malaysia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicranopteris", + "genus Dicranopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of forest margin or open ground; pantropical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diplopterygium", + "genus Diplopterygium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scandent thicket-forming ferns of Asia to western Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant scrambling fern", + "Diplopterygium longissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large scrambling fern forming large patches to 18 feet high; Pacific region and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sticherus", + "genus Sticherus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "umbrella ferns; warm regions of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella fern", + "fan fern", + "Sticherus flabellatus", + "Gleichenia flabellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australasian fern with fanlike repeatedly forked fronds; sometimes placed in genus Gleichenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkeriaceae", + "family Parkeriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Ceratopteris; sometimes included in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopteris", + "genus Ceratopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating fern", + "water sprite", + "Ceratopteris pteridioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic fern of tropical America often used in aquariums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating fern", + "Ceratopteris thalictroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical aquatic fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polypodiaceae", + "family Polypodiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferns: a large family that in some classification systems has been subdivided into several families (including Aspleniaceae and Blechnaceae and Davalliaceae and Dennstaedtiaceae and Dryopteridaceae and Oleandraceae and Pteridaceae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polypodium", + "genus Polypodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ferns belonging to the family Polypodiaceae and having rounded naked sori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous ferns of the genus Polypodium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licorice fern", + "Polypodium glycyrrhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern having rootstock of a sweetish flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey polypody", + "gray polypody", + "resurrection fern", + "Polypodium polypodioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern growing on rocks or tree trunks and having fronds greyish and scurfy below; Americas and South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherleaf", + "leathery polypody", + "coast polypody", + "Polypodium scouleri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff leathery-leaved fern of western North America having ovate fronds parted to the midrib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock polypody", + "rock brake", + "American wall fern", + "Polypodium virgianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly lithophytic or epiphytic fern of North America and east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common polypody", + "adder's fern", + "wall fern", + "golden maidenhair", + "golden polypody", + "sweet fern", + "Polypodium vulgare" + ], + "it": [ + "Polypodium vulgare", + "polipodio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming lithophytic or terrestrial fern with creeping rootstocks and large pinnatifid fronds found throughout North America and Europe and Africa and east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aglaomorpha", + "genus Aglaomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns of tropical Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear's-paw fern", + "Aglaomorpha meyeniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic fern with large fronds; Taiwan and Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campyloneurum", + "genus Campyloneurum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern with long narrow strap-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida strap fern", + "cow-tongue fern", + "hart's-tongue fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common epiphytic or sometimes terrestrial fern having pale yellow-green strap-shaped leaves; Florida to West Indies and Mexico and south to Uruguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central American strap fern", + "narrow-leaved strap fern", + "Campyloneurum augustifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern with shorter and narrower leaves than Florida strap fern; Florida to West Indies and Mexico and south to Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drymoglossum", + "genus Drymoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns of Madagascar to tropical Asia and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drynaria", + "genus Drynaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large robust epiphytic ferns of tropical forest and scrub; Africa and Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket fern", + "Drynaria rigidula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant epiphytic or lithophytic fern; Asia to Polynesia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lecanopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns of southeastern Asia to New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecanopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bizarre ferns of the genus Lecanopteris having swollen hollow rhizomes that provide homes for symbiotic ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microgramma", + "genus Microgramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns of tropical America and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake polypody", + "Microgramma-piloselloides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic ferns with long rhizomes; tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microsorium", + "genus Microsorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical usually epiphytic ferns; Africa to Asia and Polynesia to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing bird's nest fern", + "Microsorium punctatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Africa to Australasia and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phlebodium", + "genus Phlebodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly epiphytic tropical ferns with free veins bearing sori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden polypody", + "serpent fern", + "rabbit's-foot fern", + "Phlebodium aureum", + "Polypodium aureum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern with brown scaly rhizomes cultivated for its large deeply lobed deep bluish-green fronds; sometimes placed in genus Polypodium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platycerium", + "genus Platycerium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often epiphytic tropical Old World ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staghorn fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical ferns of the genus Platycerium having large flat lobed fronds often resembling the antlers of a stag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American staghorn", + "Platycerium andinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of Peru and Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common staghorn fern", + "elkhorn fern", + "Platycerium bifurcatum", + "Platycerium alcicorne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated fern of Australia and southeastern Asia and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrosia", + "genus Pyrrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic or lithophytic or terrestrial ferns of tropical Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt fern", + "tongue fern", + "Pyrrosia lingua", + "Cyclophorus lingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "east Asian fern having fronds shaped like tongues; sometimes placed in genus Cyclophorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solanopteris", + "genus Solanopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American epiphytic ferns having rhizomes with tubers and roots as well as scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato fern", + "Solanopteris bifrons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small epiphytic fern of South America with tuberous swellings along rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclophorus", + "genus Cyclophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World ferns having closely crowded circular sori and no indusia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrmecophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that affords shelter or food to ants that live in symbiotic relations with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adiantaceae", + "family Adiantaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems for some genera of the family Polypodiaceae (or Pteridaceae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vittariaceae", + "family Vittariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems: genus Vittaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vittaria", + "genus Vittaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical epiphytic ferns with straplike fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass fern", + "ribbon fern", + "Vittaria lineata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic fern found in lowland forests of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspleniaceae", + "family Aspleniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems; includes genera Asplenium, Pleurosorus, Schaffneria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asplenium", + "genus Asplenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spleenwort" + ], + "it": [ + "asplenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly rock-inhabiting ferns of the genus Asplenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black spleenwort", + "Asplenium adiantum-nigrum" + ], + "it": [ + "Asplenium adiantum-nigrum", + "asplenio adianto nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spleenwort of Europe and Africa and Asia having pinnate fronds and yielding an astringent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's nest fern", + "Asplenium nidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World or Australian epiphytic fern frequently forming tufts in tree crotches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebony spleenwort", + "Scott's Spleenwort", + "Asplenium platyneuron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American fern with polished black stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-stem spleenwort", + "black-stemmed spleenwort", + "little ebony spleenwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of tropical America: from southern United States to West Indies and Mexico to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camptosorus", + "genus Camptosorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classification used in some especially former systems for plants usually placed in genus Asplenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking fern", + "walking leaf", + "Asplenium rhizophyllum", + "Camptosorus rhizophyllus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferns having lanceolate fronds that root at the tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maidenhair spleenwort", + "Asplenium trichomanes" + ], + "it": [ + "Asplenium trichomanes", + "asplenio tricomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rock-inhabiting fern of northern temperate zone and Hawaii with pinnate fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green spleenwort", + "Asplenium viride" + ], + "it": [ + "Asplenium viride", + "asplenio verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fern with slim green fronds; widely distributed in cool parts of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain spleenwort", + "Asplenium montanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spleenwort of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall rue", + "wall rue spleenwort", + "Asplenium ruta-muraria" + ], + "it": [ + "Asplenium ruta-muraria", + "asplenio ruta di muro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small delicate spleenwort found on a steep slope (as a wall or cliff) of Eurasia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradley's spleenwort", + "Asplenium bradleyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spleenwort of eastern to southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobed spleenwort", + "Asplenium pinnatifidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spleenwort of eastern and southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanceolate spleenwort", + "Asplenium billotii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spleenwort of western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hart's-tongue", + "hart's-tongue fern", + "Asplenium scolopendrium", + "Phyllitis scolopendrium" + ], + "it": [ + "Phyllitis scolopendrium", + "lingua cervina", + "scolopendria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian fern with simple lanceolate fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceterach", + "genus Ceterach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Old World ferns; superseded in some classification systems which place plants of this genus in e.g. genera Asplenium and Pleurosorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale fern", + "scaly fern", + "Asplenium ceterach", + "Ceterach officinarum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ceterach officinarum", + "cedracca comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European fern with chaffy leathery fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleurosorus", + "genus Pleurosorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus comprising terrestrial ferns; found in Chile and Spain and Morocco and Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schaffneria", + "genus Schaffneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schaffneria nigripes", + "Asplenium nigripes", + "Scolopendrium nigripes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fern of the genus Schaffneria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllitis", + "genus Phyllitis", + "genus Scolopendrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ferns belonging to the family Polypodiaceae (in some classification systems included in genus Asplenium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scolopendrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fern thought to resemble a millipede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blechnaceae", + "family Blechnaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which the family Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems; includes genera Blechnum, Doodia, Sadleria, Stenochlaena, and Woodwardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blechnum", + "genus Blechnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae; terrestrial ferns of cosmopolitan distribution mainly in southern hemisphere: hard ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several ferns of the genus Blechnum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer fern", + "Blechnum spicant" + ], + "it": [ + "Blechnum spicant", + "lonchite maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern with erect fronds of Europe and western North America; often cultivated for deer browse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Doodia", + "Doodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae; small terrestrial colony-forming ferns of Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doodia", + "rasp fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Doodia having pinnate fronds with sharply dentate pinnae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sadleria", + "genus Sadleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low tree ferns with large fronds; in rain forests and on lava flows of Hawaiian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenochlaena", + "genus Stenochlaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical ferns; some epiphytic climbers and some terrestrial bog ferns; Africa; Asia; Australasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woodwardia", + "genus Woodwardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae: chain ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fern of the genus Woodwardia having the sori in chainlike rows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia chain fern", + "Woodwardia virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous usually tropical ferns having a thick woody stem or caudex and a crown of large fronds; found especially in Australia and New Zealand; chiefly of the families Cyatheaceae and Marattiaceae but some from Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyatheaceae", + "family Cyatheaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyathea", + "genus Cyathea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cyatheaceae: tree ferns of the tropical rain forest to temperate woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver tree fern", + "sago fern", + "black tree fern", + "Cyathea medullaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy tree fern of New Zealand and Australia having a crown of pinnated fronds with whitish undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davalliaceae", + "family Davalliaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Davallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical fern; in some classification systems placed directly in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "davallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Davallia; having scaly creeping rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hare's-foot fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two ferns of the genus Davallia having a soft grey hairy rootstock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canary Island hare's foot fern", + "Davallia canariensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of the Canary Islands and Madeira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian hare's foot", + "Davallia pyxidata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hare's-foot fern of the genus Davallia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel's-foot fern", + "ball fern", + "Davalia bullata", + "Davalia bullata mariesii", + "Davallia Mariesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feathery fern of tropical Asia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dennstaedtiaceae", + "family Dennstaedtiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dennstaedtia", + "genus Dennstaedtia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly terrestrial ferns; in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hay-scented", + "hay-scented fern", + "scented fern", + "boulder fern", + "Dennstaedtia punctilobula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of eastern North America with pale green fronds and an aroma like hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteridium", + "genus Pteridium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ferns belonging to the family Dennstaedtiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracken", + "pasture brake", + "brake", + "Pteridium aquilinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Pteridium aquilinum", + "felce aquilina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large coarse fern often several feet high; essentially weed ferns; cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracken", + "Pteridium esculentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of southeastern Asia; not hardy in cold temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicksoniaceae", + "family Dicksoniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree ferns: genera Dicksonia, Cibotium, Culcita, and Thyrsopteris elegans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicksonia", + "genus Dicksonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree ferns of temperate Australasia having bipinnatifid or tripinnatifid fronds and usually marginal sori; in some classification systems placed in family Cyatheaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft tree fern", + "Dicksonia antarctica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Australia and Tasmania; often cultivated; hardy in cool climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cibotium", + "genus Cibotium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Cyatheaceae: ornamental tree ferns with coarse gracefully drooping fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scythian lamb", + "Cibotium barometz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic tree fern having dense matted hairs sometimes used as a styptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culcita", + "genus Culcita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes some plants usually placed in e.g. genus Dicksonia: terrestrial ferns resembling bracken; tropical America; Malaysia to Australia and Polynesia; southwestern Europe and Atlantic islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false bracken", + "Culcita dubia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resembles Pteridium aquilinum; of Queensland, Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Thyrsopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyrsopteris", + "Thyrsopteris elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrestrial tree fern of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryopteridaceae", + "family Dryopteridaceae", + "Athyriaceae", + "family Athyriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative names for one of a number of families into which the family Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shield fern", + "buckler fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ferns of the genera Dryopteris or Polystichum or Lastreopsis having somewhat shield-shaped coverings on the sori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryopteris", + "genus Dryopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widespread genus of medium-sized terrestrial ferns; in some classification systems placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad buckler-fern", + "Dryopteris dilatata" + ], + "it": [ + "Dryopteris dilatata", + "felce dilatata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European shield fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragrant cliff fern", + "fragrant shield fern", + "fragrant wood fern", + "Dryopteris fragrans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern or northern Eurasia and North America having fragrant fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldie's fern", + "Goldie's shield fern", + "goldie's wood fern", + "Dryopteris goldiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern with a blackish lustrous stipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood fern", + "wood-fern", + "woodfern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ferns of the genus Dryopteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male fern", + "Dryopteris filix-mas" + ], + "it": [ + "Dryopteris filix-mas", + "felce maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of North America and Europe whose rhizomes and stalks yield an oleoresin used to expel tapeworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginal wood fern", + "evergreen wood fern", + "leatherleaf wood fern", + "Dryopteris marginalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern with evergreen fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain male fern", + "Dryopteris oreades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fern of the genus Dryopteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athyrium", + "genus Athyrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperate and tropical lady ferns; in some classifications placed in family Polypodiaceae or in the genus Asplenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady fern", + "Athyrium filix-femina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most widely grown fern of the genus Athyrium for its delicate foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine lady fern", + "Athyrium distentifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Athyrium distentifolium", + "felce alpestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lady fern with deeply cut leaf segments; found in the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silvery spleenwort", + "glade fern", + "narrow-leaved spleenwort", + "Athyrium pycnocarpon", + "Diplazium pycnocarpon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern with narrow fronds on yellowish leafstalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrtomium", + "genus Cyrtomium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical Asiatic greenhouse ferns; in some classifications placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holly fern", + "Cyrtomium aculeatum", + "Polystichum aculeatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Polystichum aculeatum", + "felce aculeata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Old World fern having glossy fronds suggestive of holly; sometimes placed in genus Polystichum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cystopteris", + "genus Cystopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly small perennial rock ferns: bladder ferns; in some classifications placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Cystopteris characterized by a hooded indusium or bladderlike membrane covering the sori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittle bladder fern", + "brittle fern", + "fragile fern", + "Cystopteris fragilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cystopteris fragilis", + "felcetta fragile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate fern widely distributed in North America and European having thin pinnatifid fronds with brittle stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain bladder fern", + "Cystopteris montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of rocky mountainous areas of hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulblet fern", + "bulblet bladder fern", + "berry fern", + "Cystopteris bulbifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern often bearing bulbils on the leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deparia", + "genus Deparia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classification used for 5 species of terrestrial ferns usually placed in other genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i105999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silvery spleenwort", + "Deparia acrostichoides", + "Athyrium thelypteroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern with elongate silvery outgrowths enclosing the developing spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diacalpa", + "genus Diacalpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: delicate fern of foothills of Himalayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnocarpium", + "genus Gymnocarpium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oak ferns: in some classification systems included in genus Thelypteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak fern", + "Gymnocarpium dryopteris", + "Thelypteris dryopteris" + ], + "it": [ + "Gymnocarpium dryopteris", + "felce delle Querce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright blue-green fern widely distributed especially in damp acid woodlands of temperate northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limestone fern", + "northern oak fern", + "Gymnocarpium robertianum" + ], + "it": [ + "Gymnocarpium robertianum", + "felce del calcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-green fern of rocky areas of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lastreopsis", + "genus Lastreopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical terrestrial shield ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matteuccia", + "genus Matteuccia", + "Pteretis", + "genus Pteretis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus sometimes included in genus Onoclea; in some classifications both genera are placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostrich fern", + "shuttlecock fern", + "fiddlehead", + "Matteuccia struthiopteris", + "Pteretis struthiopteris", + "Onoclea struthiopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall fern of northern temperate regions having graceful arched fronds and sporophylls resembling ostrich plumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olfersia", + "genus Olfersia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fern having only one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hart's-tongue", + "hart's-tongue fern", + "Olfersia cervina", + "Polybotrya cervina", + "Polybotria cervina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American terrestrial fern with leathery lanceolate fronds; sometimes placed in genus Polybotrya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onoclea", + "genus Onoclea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: sensitive fern; in some classifications included in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitive fern", + "bead fern", + "Onoclea sensibilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful spreading fern of eastern North America and eastern Asia naturalized in western Europe; pinnately divided fronds show a slight tendency to fold when touched; pinnules enclose groups of sori in beadlike lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polybotrya", + "genus Polybotrya", + "Polybotria", + "genus Polybotria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American ferns; usually terrestrial when young but scandent later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polystichum", + "genus Polystichum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized terrestrial ferns especially holly ferns; in some classification systems placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas fern", + "canker brake", + "dagger fern", + "evergreen wood fern", + "Polystichum acrostichoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American evergreen fern having pinnate leaves and dense clusters of lance-shaped fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holly fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ferns of the genus Polystichum having fronds with texture and gloss like holly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braun's holly fern", + "prickly shield fern", + "Polystichum braunii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern whose more or less evergreen leathery fronds are covered with pale brown chafflike scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern holly fern", + "Polystichum lonchitis" + ], + "it": [ + "Polystichum lonchitis", + "felce lonchite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen European fern widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western holly fern", + "Polystichum scopulinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft shield fern", + "Polystichum setiferum" + ], + "it": [ + "Polystichum setiferum", + "felce setifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European shield fern cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rumohra", + "genus Rumohra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leatherleaf ferns: in some classifications included in genus Polystichum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather fern", + "leatherleaf fern", + "ten-day fern", + "Rumohra adiantiformis", + "Polystichum adiantiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed fern of tropical southern hemisphere having leathery pinnatifid fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tectaria", + "genus Tectaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial or epilithic ferns of tropical rain forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button fern", + "Tectaria cicutaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jamaican fern having round buttonlike bulbils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian button fern", + "Tectaria macrodonta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of tropical Asia having round buttonlike bulbils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Woodsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small to medium-sized usually rock-inhabiting ferns of temperate and cold regions; in some classification systems placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Woodsia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusty woodsia", + "fragrant woodsia", + "oblong woodsia", + "Woodsia ilvensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common rock-inhabiting fern of northern temperate regions having rusty-brown stipes and lanceolate pinnate fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine woodsia", + "northern woodsia", + "flower-cup fern", + "Woodsia alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender fern of northern North America with shining chestnut-colored stipes and bipinnate fronds with usually distinct marginal sori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth woodsia", + "Woodsia glabella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock-inhabiting fern of Arctic and subarctic Europe to eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lomariopsidaceae", + "family Lomariopsidaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of usually scandent ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolbitis", + "genus Bolbitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial or less than normally scandent ferns of tropical regions of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lomogramma", + "genus Lomogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large scandent ferns of southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophosoriaceae", + "family Lophosoriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small family of tree ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophosoria", + "genus Lophosoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: tree fern of Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxomataceae", + "family Loxomataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small family of New Zealand ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxoma", + "genus Loxoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species of terrestrial ferns of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oleandraceae", + "family Oleandraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oleandra", + "genus Oleandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "or family Polypodiaceae: tropical epiphytic or terrestrial ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleander fern", + "Oleandra neriiformis", + "Oleandra mollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fern having leathery fronds resembling oleander; found from Asia to Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arthropteris", + "genus Arthropteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical and subtropical Old World epiphytic or lithophytic ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephrolepis", + "genus Nephrolepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical ferns; sometimes placed in Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical ferns having more or less sword-shaped fronds including one from which the Boston fern developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston fern", + "Nephrolepis exaltata", + "Nephrolepis exaltata bostoniensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sword fern with arching or drooping pinnate fronds; a popular houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket fern", + "toothed sword fern", + "Nephrolepis pectinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern cultivated for its finely divided greyish-green foliage; West Indies and southern Mexico to Peru and Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteridaceae", + "family Pteridaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which the family Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems; Pteridaceae is itself in turn sometimes further subdivided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrostichum", + "genus Acrostichum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden fern", + "leather fern", + "Acrostichum aureum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout tropical swamp fern (especially tropical America) having large fronds with golden yellow sporangia covering the undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actiniopteris", + "genus Actiniopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of tropical Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adiantum", + "genus Adiantum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan genus of ferns: maidenhair ferns; in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae or Adiantaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maidenhair", + "maidenhair fern" + ], + "it": [ + "adianto", + "capelvenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small to large terrestrial ferns of the genus Adiantum having delicate palmately branched fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common maidenhair", + "Venushair", + "Venus'-hair fern", + "southern maidenhair", + "Venus maidenhair", + "Adiantum capillus-veneris" + ], + "it": [ + "Adiantum capillus-veneris", + "capelvenere comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate maidenhair fern with slender shining black leaf stalks; cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American maidenhair fern", + "five-fingered maidenhair fern", + "Adiantum pedatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy palmately branched North American fern with divergent recurved branches borne on lustrous dark reddish stipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda maidenhair", + "Bermuda maidenhair fern", + "Adiantum bellum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate endemic Bermudian fern with creeping rootstock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittle maidenhair", + "brittle maidenhair fern", + "Adiantum tenerum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern with broad pinnae; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farley maidenhair", + "Farley maidenhair fern", + "Barbados maidenhair", + "glory fern", + "Adiantum tenerum farleyense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "named for a country house in Barbados where it was discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anogramma", + "genus Anogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ferns belonging to the family Pteridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annual fern", + "Jersey fern", + "Anogramma leptophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small short-lived fern of Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheilanthes", + "genus Cheilanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen ferns: lipferns; in some classifications placed in family Polypodiaceae or Adiantaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip fern", + "lipfern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various terrestrial ferns of the genus Cheilanthes; cosmopolitan in arid and semiarid temperate or tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth lip fern", + "Alabama lip fern", + "Cheilanthes alabamensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern United States to northern Mexico and Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace fern", + "Cheilanthes gracillima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tufted fern of northwestern America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wooly lip fern", + "hairy lip fern", + "Cheilanthes lanosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American evergreen fern whose stipes and lower frond surfaces are densely wooly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwestern lip fern", + "Cheilanthes eatonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lip fern of Texas to Oklahoma and Colorado and Arizona and Mexico having tall erect tufted fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coniogramme", + "genus Coniogramme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of Pacific islands and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo fern", + "Coniogramme japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing sturdy Japanese fern; cultivated for their attractive broad dark-green pinnate fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptogramma", + "genus Cryptogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in family Polypodiaceae or Cryptogrammataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf deciduous lithophytic ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American rock brake", + "American parsley fern", + "Cryptogramma acrostichoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock-inhabiting fern of northern North America growing in massive tufts and having fronds resembling parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European parsley fern", + "mountain parsley fern", + "Cryptogramma crispa" + ], + "it": [ + "Cryptogramma crispa", + "felcetta crespa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of Europe and Asia Minor having short slender rhizome and densely tufted bright green fronds resembling parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doryopteris", + "genus Doryopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium tropical tufted ferns; sometimes placed in family Adiantaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand fern", + "Doryopteris pedata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern with coarsely lobed to palmatifid fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamesonia", + "genus Jamesonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "xerophytic ferns of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onychium", + "genus Onychium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial ferns of Old World tropics and subtropics: clawed ferns; sometimes placed in family Cryptogrammataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pellaea", + "genus Pellaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly small rock-loving ferns; in some classification systems it is placed in the family Polypodiaceae or Adiantaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff brake", + "cliff-brake", + "rock brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small lithophytic ferns of tropical and warm temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee fern", + "Pellaea andromedifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen fern of California and Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple rock brake", + "Pellaea atropurpurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very short shallowly creeping North American fern usually growing on cliffs or walls and having dark glossy leaf axes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's-foot fern", + "Pellaea mucronata", + "Pellaea ornithopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cliff brake of California and Baja California having purple-brown leafstalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button fern", + "Pellaea rotundifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of New Zealand and Australia having trailing fronds with dark green buttonlike leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pityrogramma", + "genus Pityrogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial tropical ferns having fronds with powdery yellowish or white undersides; sometimes placed in family Polypodiaceae or Adiantaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver fern", + "Pityrogramma argentea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of southern tropical Africa having fronds with white undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver fern", + "Pityrogramma calomelanos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern having fronds with white undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden fern", + "Pityrogramma calomelanos aureoflava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fern having fronds with light golden undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold fern", + "Pityrogramma chrysophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of West Indies and South America having fronds with bright golden-yellow undersides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteris", + "genus Pteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of terrestrial ferns of tropics and subtropics; sometimes placed in family Polypodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ferns of the genus Pteris having pinnately compound leaves and including several popular houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteris cretica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated in many varieties as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider brake", + "spider fern", + "Pteris multifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic fern introduced in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon fern", + "spider fern", + "Pteris serrulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of North Africa and Azores and Canary Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marattiales", + "order Marattiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower ferns coextensive with the family Marattiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marattiaceae", + "family Marattiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituting the order Marattiales: chiefly tropical eusporangiate ferns with gigantic fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marattia", + "genus Marattia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Marattiaceae: ferns having the sporangia fused together in two rows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato fern", + "Marattia salicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australasian evergreen fern with an edible rhizome sometimes used as a vegetable by indigenous people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Angiopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: tree fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiopteris", + "giant fern", + "Angiopteris evecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly variable species of very large primitive ferns of the Pacific tropical areas with high rainfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danaea", + "genus Danaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fairly small terrestrial ferns of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilopsida", + "class Psilopsida", + "Psilotatae", + "class Psilotatae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whisk ferns; comprising the family Psilotaceae or Psilotatae: vascular plants with no roots, partial if any leaf differentiation, and rudimentary spore sacs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilotales", + "order Psilotales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower vascular plants having dichotomously branched sporophyte divided into aerial shoot and rhizome and lacking true roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilotaceae", + "family Psilotaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of lower ferns having nearly naked stems and minute scalelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilotum", + "genus Psilotum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Psilotaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical clump-forming plants of skeletal appearance resembling whisk brooms; lacking roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton fork fern", + "Psilotum nudum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical epiphytic or terrestrial whisk fern with usually dull yellow branches and minute leaves; America; Japan; Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilophytales", + "order Psilophytales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Paleozoic simple dichotomously branched plants of Europe and eastern Canada including the oldest known vascular land plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psilophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the order Psilophytales: a savannah plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psilophytaceae", + "family Psilophytaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Paleozoic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Psilophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Psilophytaceae: genus of small wiry herbaceous Paleozoic plants with underground rhizomes and apical sporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psilophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant or fossil of the genus Psilophyton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhyniaceae", + "family Rhyniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive plants of the Paleozoic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhynia", + "genus Rhynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rhyniaceae; small leafless dichotomously branching fossil plants with terminal sporangia and smooth branching rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horneophyton", + "genus Horneophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Devonian fossil plant considered one of the earliest forms of vascular land plants; similar to genus Rhynia but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphenopsida", + "class Sphenopsida", + "Equisetatae", + "class Equisetatae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horsetails and related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equisetales", + "order Equisetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower tracheophytes in existence since the Devonian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equisetaceae", + "family Equisetaceae", + "horsetail family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sole surviving family of the Equisetales: fern allies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equisetum", + "genus Equisetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horsetails; coextensive with the family Equisetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsetail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial rushlike flowerless herbs with jointed hollow stems and narrow toothlike leaves that spread by creeping rhizomes; tend to become weedy; common in northern hemisphere; some in Africa and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common horsetail", + "field horsetail", + "Equisetum arvense" + ], + "it": [ + "Equisetum arvense", + "equiseto dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Eurasia and Greenland and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp horsetail", + "water horsetail", + "Equisetum fluviatile" + ], + "it": [ + "Equisetum fluviatile", + "equiseto fluviatile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasia; northern North America to Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scouring rush", + "rough horsetail", + "Equisetum hyemale", + "Equisetum hyemale robustum", + "Equisetum robustum" + ], + "it": [ + "Equisetum hyemale", + "equiseto invernale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen erect horsetail with rough-edged stems; formerly used for scouring utensils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh horsetail", + "Equisetum palustre" + ], + "it": [ + "Equisetum palustre", + "equiseto palustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scouring-rush horsetail widely distributed in wet or boggy areas of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood horsetail", + "Equisetum Sylvaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasia except southern Russia; northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variegated horsetail", + "variegated scouring rush", + "Equisetum variegatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern North America; Greenland; northern and central Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopsida", + "class Lycopsida", + "Lycopodiate", + "class Lycopodiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club mosses and related forms: includes Lycopodiales; Isoetales; Selaginellales; and extinct Lepidodendrales; sometimes considered a subdivision of Tracheophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the class Lycopsida: club mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopodineae", + "class Lycopodineae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative designation for the class Lycopsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club moss", + "club-moss", + "lycopod" + ], + "it": [ + "licopodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive evergreen moss-like plant with spores in club-shaped strobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidodendrales", + "order Lepidodendrales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil arborescent plants arising during the early Devonian and conspicuous throughout the Carboniferous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidodendraceae", + "family Lepidodendraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil plants characterized by conspicuous spirally arranged leaf scars on the trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopodiales", + "order Lycopodiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower vascular plants coextensive with the family Lycopodiaceae; in some classifications includes the Selaginellaceae and Isoetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopodiaceae", + "family Lycopodiaceae", + "clubmoss family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of ferns belonging to the order Lycopodiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycopodium", + "genus Lycopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Lycopodiaceae; erect or creeping evergreen plants often used for Christmas decorations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shining clubmoss", + "Lycopodium lucidulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine clubmoss", + "Lycopodium alpinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fir clubmoss", + "mountain clubmoss", + "little clubmoss", + "Lycopodium selago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern Europe and America; resembling a miniature fir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground pine", + "Christmas green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several club mosses having long creeping stems and erect branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running pine", + "Lycopodium clavitum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground cedar", + "staghorn moss", + "Lycopodium complanatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground fir", + "princess pine", + "tree clubmoss", + "Lycopodium obscurum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxtail grass", + "Lycopodium alopecuroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground pine thickly covered with bristly leaves; widely distributed in barren sandy or peaty moist coastal regions of eastern and southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selaginellales", + "order Selaginellales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications included in Lycopodiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selaginellaceae", + "family Selaginellaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lesser club mosses: terrestrial chiefly tropical plants resembling mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selaginella", + "genus Selaginella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Selaginellaceae; evergreen moss-like plants: spike moss and little club moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spikemoss", + "spike moss", + "little club moss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fern allies of the genus Selaginella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow spikemoss", + "basket spikemoss", + "Selaginella apoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spikemoss forming dense mats; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock spikemoss", + "dwarf lycopod", + "Selaginella rupestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted spikemoss forming loose spreading mats; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert selaginella", + "Selaginella eremophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate spikemoss; California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurrection plant", + "rose of Jericho", + "Selaginella lepidophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely tufted fern ally of southwestern United States to Peru; curls up in a tight ball when dry and expands and grows under moist conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florida selaginella", + "Selaginella eatonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurs widely in Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isoetales", + "order Isoetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic or marsh-growing fern allies; known to have existed since the Cenozoic; sometimes included in Lycopodiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isoetaceae", + "family Isoetaceae", + "quillwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quillworts; coextensive with the genus Isoetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isoetes", + "genus Isoetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and genus of the Isoetaceae and sole extant genus of the order Isoetales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quillwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several spore-bearing aquatic or marsh plants having short rhizomes and leaves resembling quills; worldwide except Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geoglossaceae", + "family Geoglossaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fungi belonging to the order Helotiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geoglossum", + "genus Geoglossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Geoglossaceae comprising the earthtongues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthtongue", + "earth-tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any club-shaped fungus of the genus Geoglossum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptogrammataceae", + "family Cryptogrammataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of families into which the family Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thelypteridaceae", + "family Thelypteridaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genera Thelypteris, Phegopteris, and others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thelypteris", + "genus Thelypteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh ferns: in some classification systems considered part of genus Dryopteris in family Dryopteridaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh fern", + "Thelypteris palustris", + "Dryopteris thelypteris" + ], + "it": [ + "Thelypteris palustris", + "felce palustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern having pinnatifid fronds and growing in wet places; cosmopolitan in north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffbox fern", + "meadow fern", + "Thelypteris palustris pubescens", + "Dryopteris thelypteris pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fern of northeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amauropelta", + "genus Amauropelta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic or terrestrial ferns of America and Africa and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Christella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large terrestrial ferns of tropical forests of Old World to Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "christella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical ferns of the genus Christella having thin brittle fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclosorus", + "genus Cyclosorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of terrestrial ferns of tropical and subtropical southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goniopteris", + "genus Goniopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of Florida and West Indies to Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrothelypteris", + "genus Macrothelypteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large terrestrial ferns of tropical Asia to Polynesia and Australia; naturalized in Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meniscium", + "genus Meniscium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of tropical Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oreopteris", + "genus Oreopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3 species of ferns formerly included in genus Dryopteris or Thelypteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain fern", + "Oreopteris limbosperma", + "Dryopteris oreopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European mountain fern having fragrant lemon or balsam scented fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parathelypteris", + "genus Parathelypteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial ferns of warm and tropical Asia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York fern", + "Parathelypteris novae-boracensis", + "Dryopteris noveboracensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender shield fern of moist woods of eastern North America; sometimes placed in genus Dryopteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachusetts fern", + "Parathelypteris simulata", + "Thelypteris simulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate feathery shield fern of the eastern United States; sometimes placed in genus Thelypteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phegopteris", + "genus Phegopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beech ferns: genus is variously classified: considered alternative name for genus Dryopteris or included in genus Thelypteris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beech fern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fern of the genus Phegopteris having deeply cut triangular fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad beech fern", + "southern beech fern", + "Phegopteris hexagonoptera", + "Dryopteris hexagonoptera", + "Thelypteris hexagonoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beech fern of North American woodlands having straw-colored stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long beech fern", + "narrow beech fern", + "northern beech fern", + "Phegopteris connectilis", + "Dryopteris phegopteris", + "Thelypteris phegopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beech fern of North America and Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense mass of hyphae forming a root-like structure characteristic of many fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armillaria", + "genus Armillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of edible mushrooms having white spores an annulus and blue juice; some are edible; some cause root rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoestring fungus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fungi of the genus Armillaria that form brown stringy rhizomorphs and cause destructive rot of the roots of some trees such as apples or maples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armillaria caligata", + "booted armillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus with a brown cap and white gills and a membranous ring halfway up the stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armillaria ponderosa", + "white matsutake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large white mushroom that develops brown stains as it ages; gills are white; odor is spicy and aromatic; collected commercially for oriental cooking the Pacific Northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armillaria zelleri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fungus with viscid cap that dries and turns brown with age; gills are off-white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armillariella", + "genus Armillariella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a honey-colored diminutive form of genus Armillaria; grows in clusters; edible (when cooked) but most attention has been on how to get rid of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey mushroom", + "honey fungus", + "Armillariella mellea" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a honey-colored edible mushroom commonly associated with the roots of trees in late summer and fall; do not eat raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asclepiadaceae", + "family Asclepiadaceae", + "milkweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed family of herbs and shrubs of the order Gentianales; most with milky juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asclepiad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asclepias", + "genus Asclepias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly North American perennial herbs: silkweed; milkweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkweed", + "silkweed" + ], + "it": [ + "asclepiade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white milkweed", + "Asclepias albicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall herb with leafless white waxy stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood flower", + "swallowwort", + "Asclepias curassavica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke milkweed", + "Asclepias exaltata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp milkweed", + "Asclepias incarnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mead's milkweed", + "Asclepias meadii", + "Asclepia meadii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milkweed of central North America; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple silkweed", + "Asclepias purpurascens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showy milkweed", + "Asclepias speciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milkweed of southern North America having large starry purple and pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison milkweed", + "horsetail milkweed", + "Asclepias subverticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly weed", + "orange milkweed", + "chigger flower", + "chiggerflower", + "pleurisy root", + "tuber root", + "Indian paintbrush", + "Asclepias tuberosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whorled milkweed", + "Asclepias verticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araujia", + "genus Araujia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American evergreen vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruel plant", + "Araujia sericofera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robust twining shrub having racemes of fragrant white or pink flowers with flat spreading terminal petals that trap nocturnal moths and hold them until dawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cynancum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of perennial tropical African lianas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynancum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly giant tropical lianas of Africa and Madagascar having greenish or purple flowers and long smooth pods; roots formerly used as an emetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hoya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of climbing shrubs of Australia and Asia and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Hoya having fleshy leaves and usually nectariferous flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that furnishes nectar suitable for making honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax plant", + "Hoya carnosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent climber of southern Asia with umbels of pink and white star-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Periploca", + "genus Periploca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of woody vines of warm regions of the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk vine", + "Periploca graeca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous climber for arches and fences having ill-scented but interesting flowers and poisonous yellow fruits; cultivated for its dark shining foliage; southeastern Europe to Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcostemma", + "genus Sarcostemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent subshrubs or vines; tropical and subtropical India and Africa and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soma", + "haoma", + "Sarcostemma acidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafless East Indian vine; its sour milky juice formerly used to make an intoxicating drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stapelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of foul-smelling plants resembling cacti; found from Africa to East India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stapelia", + "carrion flower", + "starfish flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stapelias asterias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stapelia of Cape Province having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stephanotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World tropical woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stephanotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various evergreen climbing shrubs of the genus Stephanotis having fragrant waxy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascar jasmine", + "waxflower", + "Stephanotis floribunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining woody vine of Madagascar having thick dark waxy evergreen leaves and clusters of large fragrant waxy white flowers along the stems; widely cultivated in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vincetoxicum", + "genus Vincetoxicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of chiefly tropical American vines having cordate leaves and large purple or greenish cymose flowers; supposedly having powers as an antidote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negro vine", + "Vincetoxicum hirsutum", + "Vincetoxicum negrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twining vine with hairy foliage and dark purplish-brown flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant spore formed by two similar sexual cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old growth", + "virgin forest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forest or woodland having a mature or overly mature ecosystem more or less uninfluenced by human activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second growth of trees covering an area where the original stand was destroyed by fire or cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree of knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biblical tree in the Garden of Eden whose forbidden fruit was tasted by Adam and Eve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ownership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community" + ], + "it": [ + "comproprietà", + "comunanza", + "comunione", + "comunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severalty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exclusive individual ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right of ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemptive right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right granting to shareholders the first opportunity to buy a new issue of stock; provides protection against dilution of the shareholder's ownership interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a shareholder in a company to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock before it is offered to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benefit given by a company to an employee in the form of an option to buy stock in the company at a discount or at a fixed price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to buy or sell a stock at a specified price within a stated period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an option to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an option to sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock-up option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an option to buy the crown jewels offered to a white knight in order to forestall a hostile takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenure", + "land tenure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to hold property; part of an ancient hierarchical system of holding lands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyhold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval form of land tenure in England; a copyhold was a parcel of land granted to a peasant by the lord of the manor in return for agricultural services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tenure by which land is held in fee simple or for life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estate held in fee simple or for life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villeinage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tenure by which a villein held land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock buyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation's purchase of its own outstanding stock; increases earnings/share so stock price rises (which can discourage a takeover attempt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public domain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property rights that are held by the public at large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprietorship", + "proprietary" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale proprio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unincorporated business owned by a single person who is responsible for its liabilities and entitled to its profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee ownership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ownership of a business by the people who work for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property", + "belongings", + "holding" + ], + "it": [ + "roba", + "patrimonio", + "possedimento", + "proprietà", + "cosa", + "bene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone" + ], + "it": [ + "possedimento personale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangible possession", + "material possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property or belongings that are tangible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worldly possessions", + "worldly belongings", + "worldly goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the property that someone possess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratables", + "rateables" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property that provides tax income for local governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hereditament" + ], + "it": [ + "asse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any property (real or personal or mixed) that can be inherited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intellectual property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intangible property that is the result of creativity (such as patents or trademarks or copyrights)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property and income belonging jointly to a married couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal property", + "personal estate", + "personalty", + "private property" + ], + "it": [ + "bene mobile", + "proprietà privata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movable property (as distinguished from real estate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chattel", + "personal chattel", + "movable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal as opposed to real property; any tangible movable property (furniture or domestic animals or a car etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effects", + "personal effects" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "things" + ], + "it": [ + "roba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real property", + "real estate", + "realty", + "immovable" + ], + "it": [ + "bene immobile", + "beni immobili", + "immobile", + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property consisting of houses and land" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà costituita da terreni o edifici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estate", + "land", + "landed estate", + "acres", + "demesne" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna", + "tenuta", + "fondo", + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use" + ], + "it": [ + "porzione di terreno, fuori da centri urbani, con vegetazione spontanea o coltivata, spec. per uso agricolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property held in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plot of land belonging to an English parish church or an ecclesiastical office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding in the form of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ownership of land; the state or fact of owning land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property or goods saved from damage or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shareholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding in the form of shares of corporations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualty", + "spirituality", + "church property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property or income owned by a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporalty", + "temporality" + ], + "it": [ + "temporalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worldly possessions of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefice", + "ecclesiastical benefice" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficio ecclesiastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endowed church office giving income to its holder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinecure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benefice to which no spiritual or pastoral duties are attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lease", + "rental", + "letting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property that is leased or rented out or let" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car rental", + "hire car", + "rent-a-car", + "self-drive", + "u-drive", + "you-drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rented car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item of property that is given in part payment for a new one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublease", + "sublet" + ], + "it": [ + "subaffitto", + "sublocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lease from one lessee to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property owned by a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leasehold" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "proprietà in affitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land or property held under a lease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallholding" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piccola tenuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of land under 50 acres that is sold or let to someone for cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land acquired from the United States public lands by filing a record and living on and cultivating it under the homestead law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmstead" + ], + "it": [ + "cascina", + "cascinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the buildings and adjacent grounds of a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the home and adjacent grounds occupied by a family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no man's land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land that is unowned and uninhabited (and usually undesirable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fief", + "feoff" + ], + "it": [ + "feudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of land held under the feudal system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the land on which real estate is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortmain", + "dead hand" + ], + "it": [ + "mano morta", + "manomorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "real property held inalienably (as by an ecclesiastical corporation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wealth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property that has economic utility: a monetary value or an exchange value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money" + ], + "it": [ + "danaro", + "ricchezza", + "denaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth reckoned in terms of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile", + "bundle", + "big bucks", + "megabucks", + "big money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sum of money (especially as pay or profit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estate" + ], + "it": [ + "censo", + "patrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff", + "clobber" + ], + "it": [ + "roba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for personal possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross estate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total valuation of the estate's assets at the time of the person's death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net estate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the estate remaining after debts and funeral expenses and administrative expenses have been deducted from the gross estate; the estate then left to be distributed (and subject to federal and state inheritance taxes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life estate", + "estate for life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an estate whose duration is limited to the life of the person holding it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barony" + ], + "it": [ + "baronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the estate of a baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countryseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estate in the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crown land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land that belongs to the Crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the landed estate of a lord (including the house on it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seigneury", + "seigniory", + "signory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the estate of a seigneur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacienda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large estate in Spanish-speaking countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantation" + ], + "it": [ + "piantagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orangery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where oranges are grown; a plantation of orange trees in warm climes or a greenhouse in cooler areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white elephant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valuable possession whose upkeep is excessively expensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferred property", + "transferred possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a possession whose ownership changes or lapses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something acquired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession", + "addition" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiunta", + "giunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to what you already have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchase" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something acquired by purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargain", + "buy", + "steal" + ], + "it": [ + "affare", + "offerta eccezionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advantageous purchase" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisto vantaggioso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small sum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel bargain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bargain rate for travellers on commercial routes (usually air routes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant", + "assignment" + ], + "it": [ + "cessione", + "devoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a transfer of property by deed of conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appanage", + "apanage" + ], + "it": [ + "appannaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant (by a sovereign or a legislative body) of resources to maintain a dependent member of a ruling family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant of public land (as to a railway or college)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "guadagno", + "lucro", + "utile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which the revenue of a business exceeds its cost of operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial gain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of monetary gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "income" + ], + "it": [ + "cespite", + "entrata", + "introito", + "reddito", + "utile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposable income" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income (after taxes) that is available to you for saving or spending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double dipping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two incomes received from the same source (as by holding a government job and receiving a government pension)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easy money", + "gravy train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income obtained with a minimum of effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "EBITDA", + "Earnings Before Interest Taxes Depreciation and Amortization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income before interest and taxes and depreciation and amortization have been subtracted; an indicator of a company's profitability that is watched by investors (especially in leveraged buyouts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easy money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic condition in which credit is easy to secure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tight money" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta cara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic condition in which credit is difficult to secure and interest rates are high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property that reverts to the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross", + "revenue", + "receipts" + ], + "it": [ + "entrate", + "incasso", + "introito", + "entrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire amount of income before any deductions are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national income" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto nazionale", + "reddito nazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total value of all income in a nation (wages and profits and interest and rents and pension payments) during a given period (usually 1 yr)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross national product", + "GNP" + ], + "it": [ + "P.N.L.", + "prodotto nazionale lordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former measure of the United States economy; the total market value of goods and services produced by all citizens and capital during a given period (usually 1 yr)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real gross national product", + "real GNP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a version of the GNP that has been adjusted for the effects of inflation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross domestic product", + "GDP" + ], + "it": [ + "P.I.L.", + "pil", + "prodotto interno lordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measure of an economy adopted by the United States in 1991; the total market values of goods and services produced by workers and capital within a nation's borders during a given period (usually 1 year)" + ], + "it": [ + "valore relativo a un dato anno del bilancio di uno stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical factor designed to remove the effect of inflation; inflation adjusted variables are in constant dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royalty" + ], + "it": [ + "diritti d'autore", + "royalty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment to the holder of a patent or copyright or resource for the right to use their property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total admission receipts for an entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total admission receipts at a sports event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net income", + "net", + "net profit", + "lucre", + "profit", + "profits", + "earnings" + ], + "it": [ + "guadagno", + "lucro", + "netto", + "profitto", + "reddito netto", + "rendimento", + "utile", + "utile netto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)" + ], + "it": [ + "la differenza tra il ricavato e le uscite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper profit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unrealized gain on an investment calculated by subtracting the investor's cost from the current market price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper loss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unrealized loss on an investment calculated by subtracting the current market price from the investor's cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excess of cash revenues over cash outlays in a give period of time (not including non-cash expenses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal income" + ], + "it": [ + "reddito personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the income received by a single individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earning per share" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windfall profit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profit that occurs unexpectedly as a consequence of some event not controlled by those who profit from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killing", + "cleanup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winnings", + "win", + "profits" + ], + "it": [ + "vincita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something won (especially money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rental income" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income received from rental properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return", + "issue", + "take", + "takings", + "proceeds", + "yield", + "payoff" + ], + "it": [ + "proventi", + "provento", + "rendita", + "ricavato", + "ricavo", + "yield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property" + ], + "it": [ + "l'insieme di azioni, obbligazioni o altri valori mobiliari venduti dall'emittente in un qualsiasi momento, anche se in piu` scaglioni successivi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast buck", + "quick buck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quick or easy earnings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filthy lucre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shameful profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross profit", + "gross profit margin", + "margin" + ], + "it": [ + "profitto lordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross sales", + "gross revenue", + "sales" + ], + "it": [ + "fatturato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income (at invoice values) received for goods and services over some given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net sales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gross sales reduced by customer discounts, returns, freight out, and allowances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin of profit", + "profit margin", + "gross margin" + ], + "it": [ + "margine di profitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio gross profits divided by net sales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unearned income", + "unearned revenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) income received but not yet earned (usually considered a current liability on a company's balance sheet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unearned income", + "unearned revenue" + ], + "it": [ + "rendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal income that you did not earn (e.g., dividends or interest or rent income)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government income", + "government revenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income available to the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax income", + "taxation", + "tax revenue", + "revenue" + ], + "it": [ + "gettito", + "introito", + "reddito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government income due to taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal revenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government revenue from domestic sources (excluding customs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "per capita income" + ], + "it": [ + "reddito pro capite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total national income divided by the number of people in the nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stolen property" + ], + "it": [ + "furto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property that has been stolen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loot", + "booty", + "pillage", + "plunder", + "prize", + "swag", + "dirty money" + ], + "it": [ + "bottino", + "grisbi", + "malloppo", + "maltolto", + "preda", + "refurtiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods or money obtained illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inheritance", + "heritage" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is inherited; a title or property or estate that passes by law to the heir on the death of the owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primogeniture" + ], + "it": [ + "primogenitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borough English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former English custom by which the youngest son inherited land to the exclusion of his older brothers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an increase in a beneficiary's share in an estate (as when a co-beneficiary dies or fails to meet some condition or rejects the inheritance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bequest", + "legacy" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità", + "lascio", + "lascito", + "legato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a gift of personal property by will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthright", + "patrimony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inheritance coming by right of birth (especially by primogeniture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a gift of real property by will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life estate to which a wife is entitled on the death of her husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jointure", + "legal jointure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an estate secured to a prospective wife as a marriage settlement in lieu of a dower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free lunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something acquired without effort or payment or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heirloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been in a family for generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heirloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) any property that is considered by law or custom as inseparable from an inheritance is inherited with that inheritance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift" + ], + "it": [ + "dono", + "ragalo", + "regalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something acquired without compensation" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa ottenuta senza compenso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowry", + "dowery", + "dower", + "portion" + ], + "it": [ + "dote", + "sopraddote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bride price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money or property given (in some societies) by the bridegroom to the family of his bride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largess", + "largesse" + ], + "it": [ + "largizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift or money given (as for service or out of benevolence); usually given ostentatiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aid", + "economic aid", + "financial aid" + ], + "it": [ + "aiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money to support a worthy person or cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholarship" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa di studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellowship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money granted (by a university or foundation or other agency) for advanced study or research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aid (such as economic or military assistance) provided to one nation by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall Plan", + "European Recovery Program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952); named after George Marshall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any monetary aid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidy" + ], + "it": [ + "contributo", + "sovvenzione", + "sussidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant paid by a government to an enterprise that benefits the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subvention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant of financial aid as from a government to an educational institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government subsidy used to maintain prices at a certain level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant-in-aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant to a person or school for some educational project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postdoctoral", + "postdoc", + "post doc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant that funds postdoctoral study or research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traineeship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial aid that enables you to get trained for a specified job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratuity" + ], + "it": [ + "mancia", + "regalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award (as for meritorious service) given without claim or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prize", + "award" + ], + "it": [ + "premio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "door prize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tickets are passed out at the entrance to a dance or party or other social function and a prize is awarded to the holder of the winning ticket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackpot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any outstanding award" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prize money" + ], + "it": [ + "monte premi", + "montepremi", + "soldi del premio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any money given as a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "dono", + "omaggio", + "presente", + "strenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something presented as a gift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday present", + "birthday gift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a present given in celebration of a person's birthday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas present", + "Christmas gift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a present given at Christmas time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocking filler", + "stocking stuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small Christmas present included in the Christmas stocking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding present", + "wedding gift" + ], + "it": [ + "regalo di nozze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a present given to someone getting married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bride-gift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedding present to the bride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash surrender value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that the insurance company will pay on a given life insurance policy if the policy is cancelled prior to the death of the insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribution" + ], + "it": [ + "apporto", + "contributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of money contributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribution", + "donation" + ], + "it": [ + "donazione", + "elargizione", + "offerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluntary gift (as of money or service or ideas) made to some worthwhile cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contribution of money or assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offering" + ], + "it": [ + "obolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money contributed to a religious organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offering of a tenth part of some personal income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offertory" + ], + "it": [ + "offertorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offerings of the congregation at a religious service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearth money", + "Peter's pence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual contribution made by Roman Catholics to support the papal see" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political contribution", + "political donation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contribution made to a politician or a political campaign or a political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political contributions made in such a way as to avoid the United States regulations for federal election campaigns (as by contributions to a political action committee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endowment", + "endowment fund" + ], + "it": [ + "dotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital that provides income for an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrichment" + ], + "it": [ + "donazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift that significantly increases the recipient's wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrimony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church endowment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endowment for the singing of Masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagniappe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small gift (especially one given by a merchant to a customer who makes a purchase)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestowal", + "bestowment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift that is bestowed or conferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounty", + "premium" + ], + "it": [ + "ricompensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment or reward (especially from a government) for acts such as catching criminals or killing predatory animals or enlisting in the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prize, bonus, or award given as an inducement to purchase products, enter competitions initiated by business interests, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freebie", + "freebee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is free (usually provided as part of a promotional scheme)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giveaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift of public land or resources for the private gain of a limited group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift (usually of inferior quality) that should be accepted uncritically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thank offering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offering made as an expression of thanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonus", + "incentive" + ], + "it": [ + "bonus", + "extra", + "gratifica", + "gratificazione", + "incentivazione", + "incentivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incentive program", + "incentive scheme" + ], + "it": [ + "piano di incentivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal scheme for inducing someone (as employees) to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deductible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(taxes) an amount that can be deducted (especially for the purposes of calculating income tax)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defalcation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of money that is misappropriated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dividend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bonus; something extra (especially a share of a surplus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales incentive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remuneration offered to a salesperson for exceeding some predetermined sales goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance", + "adjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "indennità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount added or deducted on the basis of qualifying circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost-of-living allowance" + ], + "it": [ + "carovita", + "contingenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allowance for changes in the consumer price index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciation allowance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allowance for loss due to depreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deduction", + "discount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount or percentage deducted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade discount" + ], + "it": [ + "sconto sul listino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discount from the list price of a commodity allowed by a manufacturer or wholesaler to a merchant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasonal adjustment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical adjustment made to accommodate predictable fluctuations as a function of the season of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustment made for the weight of the packaging in order to determine the net weight of the goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outgo", + "spending", + "expenditure", + "outlay" + ], + "it": [ + "spesa", + "esborso", + "sborsamento", + "sborso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money paid out; an amount spent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense", + "disbursal", + "disbursement" + ], + "it": [ + "esborso", + "spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo", + "spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor" + ], + "it": [ + "in contabilità, spesa sostenuta nella produzione di un bene o servizio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business expense", + "trade expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in a taxpayer's business or trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest paid on loans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobbying expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expenses incurred in promoting or evaluating legislation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical expense" + ], + "it": [ + "spesa sanitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount spent for diagnosis or treatment or prevention of medical problems" + ], + "it": [ + "spesa che si sostiene per cure mediche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-cash expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expense (such as depreciation) that is not paid for in cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moving expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of moving your residence from one location to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating expense", + "operating cost", + "overhead", + "budget items" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expense of maintaining property (e.g., paying property taxes and utilities and insurance); it does not include depreciation or the cost of financing or income taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost (over a period of five years) of organizing a new corporation or partnership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of personal or family living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promotional expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of promoting a product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense" + ], + "it": [ + "spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money spent to perform work and usually reimbursed by an employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public expenditure (as for unemployment compensation or veteran's benefits) that is not for goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital expenditure" + ], + "it": [ + "spese in capitale", + "spese in conto capitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of long-term improvements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payment" + ], + "it": [ + "compenso", + "corresponsione", + "pagamento", + "retribuzione", + "versamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money paid or a claim discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpayment" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pagamento eccessivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment larger than needed or expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment smaller than needed or expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage", + "pay", + "earnings", + "remuneration", + "salary" + ], + "it": [ + "paga", + "stipendio", + "salario", + "retribuzione", + "compenso", + "remunerazione", + "mercede", + "rimuneramento", + "rimuneranza", + "rimunerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that remunerates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extra pay for soldiers engaged in active combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doubled wage (for working overtime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "found" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food and lodging provided in addition to money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduced wage paid to someone who is not working full time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living wage" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "salario sufficiente per vivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wage sufficient for a worker and family to subsist comfortably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merit pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extra pay awarded to an employee on the basis of merit (especially to school teachers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimum wage" + ], + "it": [ + "salario minimo", + "salario minimo garantito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest wage that an employer is allowed to pay; determined by contract or by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay envelope", + "pay packet" + ], + "it": [ + "busta-paga", + "busta paga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wages enclosed in an envelope for distribution to the wage earner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wages paid to an employee who is on sick leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money paid to strikers from union funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take-home pay" + ], + "it": [ + "stipendio netto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what is left of your pay after deductions for taxes and dues and insurance etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment for consecutive issues of a newspaper or magazine for a given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment made at regular times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay rate", + "rate of pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount of money received per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time and a half" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate of pay that is 1.5 times the regular rate; for overtime work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payment rate", + "rate of payment", + "repayment rate", + "installment rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of money paid out per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paid to a hired murderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recompense" + ], + "it": [ + "ricompensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment or reward (as for service rendered)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money returned to a payer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebate", + "discount" + ], + "it": [ + "rimborso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refund of some fraction of the amount paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent-rebate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rebate on rent given by a local government authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensation" + ], + "it": [ + "compenso", + "rifusione", + "compensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcompensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive compensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workmen's compensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation for death or injury suffered by a worker in the course of his employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscience money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment made voluntarily to reduce guilt over dishonest dealings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment made by one person for the support of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palimony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support paid by one half of an unmarried partnership after the relationship ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alimony", + "maintenance" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "court-ordered support paid by one spouse to another after they are separated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reward" + ], + "it": [ + "retribuzione", + "ricompensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment made in return for a service rendered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honorarium" + ], + "it": [ + "ricompensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee paid for a nominally free service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ransom", + "ransom money" + ], + "it": [ + "riscatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money demanded for the return of a captured person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reward for information about a murderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guerdon" + ], + "it": [ + "guidardone", + "guiderdone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reward or payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fitting reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bribe paid to someone to insure that something is kept secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bribe", + "payoff" + ], + "it": [ + "bustarella", + "mazzetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment made to a person in a position of trust to corrupt his judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kickback" + ], + "it": [ + "tangente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial bribe paid by a seller to a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into the transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bribe given to a disc jockey to induce him to promote a particular record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money offered as a bribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share", + "portion", + "part", + "percentage" + ], + "it": [ + "quota", + "percentuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di una proprietà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tranche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portion of something (especially money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share that has been dispensed or distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share of money or food or clothing that has been charitably given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portion of something divided into shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ration" + ], + "it": [ + "razione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed portion that is allotted (especially in times of scarcity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount allowed or granted (as during a given period)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice", + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promised or claimed share of loot or money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest", + "stake" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grubstake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "funds advanced to a prospector or to someone starting a business in return for a share of the profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "controlling interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ownership of more than 50% of a corporation's voting shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurable interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interest in a person or thing that will support the issuance of an insurance policy; an interest in the survival of the insured or in the preservation of the thing that is insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vested interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an interest in which there is a fixed right to present or future enjoyment and that can be conveyed to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any interest in a property that secures the payment of an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminable interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interest in property that terminates under specific conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undivided interest", + "undivided right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interest in property owned by tenants whereby each tenant has an equal right to enjoy the entire property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interest in land capable of being inherited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee simple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee without limitation to any class of heirs; they can sell it or give it away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee limited to a particular line of heirs; they are not free to sell it or give it away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land received by fee tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit sharing" + ], + "it": [ + "cointeressenza", + "interessenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system in which employees receive a share of the net profits of the business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share of the profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake-off", + "vigorish" + ], + "it": [ + "mazzetta", + "pappatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percentage (of winnings or loot or profit) taken by an operator or gangster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allotment", + "allocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share set aside for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reallocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a share that has been allocated again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quota" + ], + "it": [ + "aliquota", + "contingente", + "porzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proportional share assigned to each participant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money set aside (as by a legislature) for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reimbursement" + ], + "it": [ + "indennità", + "rifusione", + "rimborso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation paid (to someone) for damages or losses or money already spent etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emolument" + ], + "it": [ + "emolumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation received by virtue of holding an office or having employment (usually in the form of wages or fees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation paid to the family of a murdered person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damages", + "amends", + "indemnity", + "indemnification", + "restitution", + "redress" + ], + "it": [ + "risarcimento", + "indennizzo", + "indennità", + "compensazione", + "rifusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) redress awarded by a court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterbalance", + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compensating equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actual damages", + "compensatory damages", + "general damages" + ], + "it": [ + "indennità", + "indennizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) compensation for losses that can readily be proven to have occurred and for which the injured party has the right to be compensated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominal damages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a trivial sum (usually $1.00) awarded as recognition that a legal injury was sustained (as for technical violations of a contract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punitive damages", + "exemplary damages", + "smart money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) compensation in excess of actual damages (a form of punishment awarded in cases of malicious or willful misconduct)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double damages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twice the amount that a court would normally find the injured party entitled to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treble damages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three times the amount that a court would normally find the injured party entitled to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reparation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reparation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation (given or received) for an insult or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atonement", + "expiation", + "satisfaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensation for a wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) a payment that is made to a performer or writer or director of a television show or commercial that is paid for every repeat showing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poverty line", + "poverty level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level of personal income defining the state of poverty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance" + ], + "it": [ + "indennità", + "rimborso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum granted as reimbursement for expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reimbursement for goods damaged while in transit or in use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "per diem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daily allowance for living expenses (especially while traveling in connection with your job)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel allowance", + "travel reimbursement" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum allowed for travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mileage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a travel allowance at a given rate per mile traveled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money allotted on a regular basis; usually for some specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privy purse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allowance for a monarch's personal expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prebend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stipend assigned by a cathedral to a canon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annuity", + "rente" + ], + "it": [ + "rendita", + "appannaggio", + "annualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income from capital investment paid in a series of regular payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annuity in advance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annuity paid in a series of more or less equal payments at the beginning of equally spaced periods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary annuity" + ], + "it": [ + "rendita ordinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annuity paid in a series of more or less equal payments at the end of equally spaced periods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversionary annuity", + "survivorship annuity" + ], + "it": [ + "rendita vitalizia reversibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annuity payable to one person in the event that someone else is unable to receive it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tontine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annuity scheme wherein participants share certain benefits and on the death of any participant his benefits are redistributed among the remaining participants; can run for a fixed period of time or until the death of all but one participant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent" + ], + "it": [ + "affitto", + "canone", + "fitto", + "pigione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment or series of payments made by the lessee to an owner for use of some property, facility, equipment, or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground rent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment for the right to occupy and improve a piece of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peppercorn rent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very low or nominal rent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack rent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extortionate rent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic rent", + "rent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the return derived from cultivated land in excess of that derived from the poorest land cultivated under similar conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial return or reward (especially returns equal to the initial investment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installment plan", + "installment buying", + "time plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for paying for goods by installments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hire-purchase", + "never-never" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "installment plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit" + ], + "it": [ + "sussidio", + "indennità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial assistance in time of need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost-of-living benefit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benefit that goes to anyone whose money receipts increase automatically as prices rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death benefit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance or pension money payable to a beneficiary of a deceased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance death benefit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percentage of death benefits paid directly to policy holders having a short life expectancy (usually 6 months)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viatical settlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cash derived from sale of an insurance policy by a terminally ill policy holder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disability benefit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance benefits paid in case of disability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick benefit", + "sickness benefit" + ], + "it": [ + "indennità di malattia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money paid (by the government) to someone who is too ill to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe benefit", + "perquisite", + "perk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incidental benefit awarded for certain types of employment (especially if it is regarded as a right)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appanage", + "apanage" + ], + "it": [ + "appannaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any customary and rightful perquisite appropriate to your station in life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax benefit", + "tax break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax deduction that is granted in order to encourage a particular type of commercial activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratuity", + "tip", + "pourboire", + "baksheesh", + "bakshish", + "bakshis", + "backsheesh" + ], + "it": [ + "buona mano", + "buonamano", + "mancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a present given at Christmas for services during the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "court-ordered support paid by one spouse to the other who has custody of the children after the parents are separated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lump sum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete payment consisting of a single sum of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payoff", + "final payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final payment of a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remittance", + "remittal", + "remission", + "remitment" + ], + "it": [ + "rimessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment of money sent to a person in another place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repayment", + "quittance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment of a debt or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redemption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repayment of the principal amount of a debt or security at or before maturity (as when a corporation repurchases its own stock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small payment made in acknowledgement of an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonpayment", + "default", + "nonremittal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss resulting from failure of a debt to be paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delinquency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonpayment of a debt when due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "default", + "nonpayment", + "nonremittal" + ], + "it": [ + "mancato pagamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of failing to meet a financial obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penalty" + ], + "it": [ + "penale", + "penalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment required for not fulfilling a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pittance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inadequate payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retribution", + "requital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a justly deserved penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forfeit", + "forfeiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penalty for a fault or mistake that involves losing or giving up something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forfeit", + "forfeiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is lost or surrendered as a penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine", + "mulct", + "amercement" + ], + "it": [ + "ammenda", + "multa", + "contravvenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money extracted as a penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine imposed by a library on books that overdue when returned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premium", + "insurance premium" + ], + "it": [ + "premio", + "premio assicurativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment for insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installment" + ], + "it": [ + "rata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment of part of a debt; usually paid at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost overrun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess of cost over budget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost of living" + ], + "it": [ + "costo della vita", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "average cost of basic necessities of life (as food and shelter and clothing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrowing cost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of borrowing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution cost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cost incurred by a producer or wholesaler or retailer or distributor (as for advertising and shipping etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handling cost", + "handling charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of handling (especially the cost of packaging and mailing an order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marketing cost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of marketing (e.g., the cost of transferring title and moving goods to the customer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production cost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combined costs of raw material and labor incurred in producing goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replacement cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo della sostituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "current cost of replacing a fixed asset with a new one of equal effectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduction cost", + "physical value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cost of reproducing physical property minus various allowances (especially depreciation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo unitario", + "prezzo unitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculated cost for a given unit of a product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price", + "terms", + "damage" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of money needed to purchase something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cost of bribing someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "markup" + ], + "it": [ + "margine di vendita", + "ricarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount added to the cost to determine the asking price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asking price", + "selling price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the price at which something is offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid price" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio denaro", + "corso del denaro", + "corso denaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) the price at which a broker is willing to buy a certain security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closing price" + ], + "it": [ + "corso di chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) the price of the last transaction completed during a day's trading session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) the price at which a broker is willing to sell a certain security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(auction) the minimum price at which a seller of property will entertain bids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factory price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di fabbrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "price charged for goods picked up at the factory" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di un prodotto all'uscita dalla fabbrica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highway robbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exorbitant price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di listino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selling price of something as stated in a catalogue or price list; often subject to discounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchase price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo d'acquisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the price at which something is actually purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot price", + "cash price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the current delivery price of a commodity traded in the spot market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) the price at which a certain security becomes attractive to investors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assessed price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportunity cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo opportunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cost in terms of foregoing alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost of capital", + "capital cost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opportunity cost of the funds employed as the result of an investment decision; the rate of return that a business could earn if it chose another investment with equivalent risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrying cost", + "carrying charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opportunity cost of unproductive assets; the expense incurred by ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cost of carrying or transporting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incidental expense", + "incidental", + "minor expense" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "punto di secondaria importanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(frequently plural) an expense not budgeted or not specified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(frequently plural) expenses incurred by an employee in the performance of the job and usually reimbursed by the employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ], + "it": [ + "importo", + "spese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the price charged for some article or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrying charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge made for carrying an account or for merchandise sold on an installment plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciation charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount periodically charged to expense or against revenue in compensation for depreciation of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a price that is too low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a price that is too high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exorbitant charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge added at a restaurant for every bottle of wine served that was not bought on the premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare", + "transportation" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo della corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum charged for riding in a public conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fare charged for traveling by airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus fare", + "carfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fare charged for riding a bus or streetcar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cab fare", + "taxi fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fare charged for riding in a taxicab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subway fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fare charged for riding a subway train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fare charged for traveling by train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge imposed and collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax", + "taxation", + "revenue enhancement" + ], + "it": [ + "imposizione", + "imposta", + "tassa", + "tassazione", + "tributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collective value of taxable assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax rate" + ], + "it": [ + "aliquota d'imposta", + "aliquota fiscale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate used to calculate tax liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax liability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of tax owed; calculated by applying the tax rate to the tax base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of taxation in which a tax is levied on a single commodity (usually land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "income tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta sui redditi", + "imposta sul reddito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal tax levied on annual income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket creep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement into a higher tax bracket as taxable income increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimated tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income tax paid periodically on income that is not subject to withholding taxes; based on the taxpayer's predicted tax liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "FICA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on employees and employers that is used to fund the Social Security system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business deduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tax write-off for expenses of doing business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deduction allowed to a taxpayer because of his status (having certain dependents or being blind or being over 65 etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertainment deduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deduction allowed for some (limited) kinds of entertainment for business purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withholding tax", + "withholding" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta cedolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "income tax withheld from employees' wages and paid directly to the government by the employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "PAYE", + "pay as you earn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British system of withholding tax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unearned increment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unearned rise in the market value of property resulting from general market factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital gain" + ], + "it": [ + "capital gain", + "plusvalenza", + "plusvalore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which the selling price of an asset exceeds the purchase price; the gain is realized when the asset is sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital loss" + ], + "it": [ + "minusvalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which the purchase price of an asset exceeds the selling price; the loss is realized when the asset is sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital gains tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta sui redditi di capitale", + "imposta sulla plusvalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on capital gains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital levy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on capital or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departure tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax that is levied when you are departing a country by land or sea or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property tax", + "land tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta fondiaria", + "imposta patrimoniale", + "patrimoniale", + "tassa fondiaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capital tax on property imposed by municipalities; based on the estimated value of the property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "council tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax levied on households by local authorities; based on the estimated value of the property and the number of people living in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franchise tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax that is imposed by states on corporations; it depends both on the net worth of the corporation and on its net income attributable to activities within the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax imposed on transfers of property by gift during the lifetime of the giver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inheritance tax", + "estate tax", + "death tax", + "death duty" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta di successione", + "imposta sulle successioni", + "tassa di successione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on the estate of the deceased person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta diretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax paid directly by the person or organization on whom it is levied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax advantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advantage bestowed by legislation that reduces a tax on some preferred activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax shelter", + "shelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of organizing business to reduce the taxes it must pay on current earnings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta indiretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax levied on goods or services rather than on persons or organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hidden tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax paid unwittingly by the consumer (such as ad valorem taxes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitation" + ], + "it": [ + "capitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax levied on the basis of a fixed amount per person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressive tax", + "graduated tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta progressiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tax in which the rate increases as the amount subject to taxation increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportional tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tax in which the rate is constant as the amount subject to taxation increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degressive tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tax in which the rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local tax on property (usually used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor rates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local tax for the relief of the poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp tax", + "stamp duty" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta di bollo", + "imposta di registro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax collected by requiring a stamp to be purchased and attached (usually on documents or publications)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surtax", + "supertax" + ], + "it": [ + "addizionale", + "imposta addizionale", + "sopratassa", + "soprattassa", + "sovraimposta", + "sovrimposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional tax on certain kinds of income that has already been taxed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax toward paving streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tax levied on the passing of title to property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a levy of one tenth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special assessment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional tax levied on private property for public improvements that enhance the value of the property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duty", + "tariff" + ], + "it": [ + "dazio", + "gabella", + "imposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government tax on imports or exports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excise", + "excise tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta di fabbricazione", + "imposta fabbricazione", + "imposta sui consumi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax that is measured by the amount of business done (not on property or income from real estate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales tax", + "nuisance tax" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta di consumo", + "imposta sulle vendite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax based on the cost of the item purchased and collected directly from the buyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "VAT", + "value-added tax", + "ad valorem tax" + ], + "it": [ + "I.V.A.", + "Imposta sul Valore Aggiunto", + "i.v.a.", + "imposta ad valorem", + "imposta sul valore aggiunto", + "iva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax levied on the difference between a commodity's price before taxes and its cost of production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasoline tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on every gallon of gasoline sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customs", + "customs duty", + "custom", + "impost" + ], + "it": [ + "dazio", + "dazio doganale", + "dogana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money collected under a tariff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impost levied in England to provide money for ships for national defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonnage", + "tunnage", + "tonnage duty" + ], + "it": [ + "diritti di tonnellaggio", + "stazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax imposed on ships that enter the US; based on the tonnage of the ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octroi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax on various goods brought into a town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenue tariff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tariff imposed to raise revenue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective tariff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tariff imposed to protect domestic firms from import competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-dumping duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tariff imposed to prevent dumping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duty imposed on imports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duty imposed on exports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countervailing duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duty imposed to offset subsidies by foreign governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed charge", + "fixed cost", + "fixed costs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic charge that does not vary with business volume (as insurance or rent or mortgage payments etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover charge", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed charge by a restaurant or nightclub over and above the charge for food and drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed charge for borrowing money; usually a percentage of the amount borrowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound interest" + ], + "it": [ + "anatocismo", + "interesse composto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest calculated on both the principal and the accrued interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple interest" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse semplice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest paid on the principal alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest rate", + "rate of interest" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso d'interesse", + "tasso di interesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the percentage of a sum of money charged for its use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount rate", + "discount", + "bank discount" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso di sconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest on an annual basis deducted in advance on a loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank rate" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso bancario", + "tasso di sconto ufficiale", + "tasso ufficiale di sconto", + "costo del denaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discount rate fixed by a central bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of interest set by the Federal Reserve that member banks are charged when they borrow money through the Federal Reserve System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interest rate set by the Bank of England for lending to other banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime interest rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interest rate on short-term loans that banks charge their commercial customers with high credit ratings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usury", + "vigorish" + ], + "it": [ + "usura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exorbitant or unlawful rate of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee" + ], + "it": [ + "cachet", + "compenso", + "notula", + "onorario", + "parcella", + "spettanza", + "tassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed charge for a privilege or for professional services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee for anchoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellarage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge for storing goods in a cellar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission" + ], + "it": [ + "commissione", + "percentuale", + "provvigione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee for services rendered based on a percentage of an amount received or collected or agreed to be paid (as distinguished from a salary)" + ], + "it": [ + "pagamento, spesso in percentuale, dato a chi privato o società, compie un servizio per conto di altri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contingency fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee that is payable only if the outcome is successful (as for an attorney's services)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dockage", + "docking fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for a vessel to use a dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop-off charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee added for returning a rented car to a location different from the one where it was rented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance fee", + "admission", + "admission charge", + "admission fee", + "admission price", + "price of admission", + "entrance money" + ], + "it": [ + "quota di ammissione", + "tassa d'iscrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fee charged for admission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finder's fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee that is paid to someone who finds a source of financial backing or to someone who brings people together for business purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee paid for legal service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licensing fee", + "license fee", + "license tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee paid to the government for the privilege of being licensed to do something (as selling liquor or practicing medicine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refresher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee (in addition to that marked on the brief) paid to counsel in a case that lasts more than one day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighterage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fee charged for carrying goods in lighters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for passage through a lock in a canal or waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mintage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fee paid to a mint by the government for minting a coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee for mooring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origination fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged to a borrower (especially for a mortgage loan) to cover the costs of initiating the loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for the use of pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poundage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for the recovery of impounded animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retainer", + "consideration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged in advance to retain the services of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quid pro quo", + "quid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something for something; that which a party receives (or is promised) in return for something he does or gives or promises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seigniorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charged by a government for coining bullion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll" + ], + "it": [ + "pedaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges (used for maintenance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truckage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for transporting goods by truckage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuition", + "tuition fee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharfage", + "quayage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for the use of a wharf or quay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agio", + "agiotage", + "premium", + "exchange premium" + ], + "it": [ + "aggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fee charged for exchanging currencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demurrage" + ], + "it": [ + "controstallia", + "soprastallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge required as compensation for the delay of a ship or freight car or other cargo beyond its scheduled time of departure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installation charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for installing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porterage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for carrying burdens by porters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for mailing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poundage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge based on weight measured in pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate", + "charge per unit" + ], + "it": [ + "aliquota", + "imposta di capitazione", + "imposta locale", + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate per quarter for water from a public supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional charge (as for items previously omitted or as a penalty for failure to exercise common caution or common skill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single supplement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surcharge added to the cost per person when traveling alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service charge", + "service fee" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percentage of a bill (as at a hotel or restaurant) added in payment for service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stowage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for stowing goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tankage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for storing something in tanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight", + "freightage", + "freight rate" + ], + "it": [ + "nolo", + "spese di trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for transporting something by common carrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate of depreciation", + "depreciation rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which the value of property is reduced; used to calculate tax deduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate of exchange", + "exchange rate" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio", + "corso del cambio", + "tasso di cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge for exchanging currency of one country for currency of another" + ], + "it": [ + "è il prezzo della valuta di un paese in termini di valuta di un altro paese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excursion rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduced rate for a round-trip ticket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate of charging by the linear foot of work done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linage", + "lineage" + ], + "it": [ + "tariffa per riga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate of payment for written material that is measured according to the number of lines submitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate charged daily for a hotel room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss", + "red ink", + "red" + ], + "it": [ + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which the cost of a business exceeds its revenue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which increased costs cannot be passed on to the customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial loss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of money or decrease in financial value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss entailed by giving up or selling something at less than its value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wastage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything lost by wear or waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciation", + "wear and tear" + ], + "it": [ + "deprezzamento", + "logorio", + "svalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease in value of an asset due to obsolescence or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight-line method", + "straight-line method of depreciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) a method of calculating depreciation by taking an equal amount of the asset's cost as an expense for each year of the asset's useful life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write-off", + "write-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) reduction in the book value of an asset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax write-off", + "tax deduction", + "deduction" + ], + "it": [ + "deduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "losings", + "losses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something lost (especially money lost at gambling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstances" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's financial situation (good or bad)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything of material value or usefulness that is owned by a person or company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payables" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money that you currently expect to pay on notes and accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receivables" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money that you currently expect to receive from notes or accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown jewel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most desirable assets of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of substantial wealth (usually plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve assets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital held back from investment in order to meet probable or possible demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special drawing rights", + "paper gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reserve assets in the International Monetary Fund; designed to supplement reserves of gold and convertible currencies used to maintain stability in the foreign exchange market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sum", + "sum of money", + "amount", + "amount of money" + ], + "it": [ + "ammontare", + "cifra", + "importo", + "somma", + "somma di denaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of money" + ], + "it": [ + "una quantità monetaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of money expressed numerically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resource" + ], + "it": [ + "risorsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural resource", + "natural resources" + ], + "it": [ + "risorse naturali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor resources" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resources of available manpower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land resources" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural resources in the form of arable land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral resources" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural resources in the form of minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renewable resource" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any natural resource (as wood or solar energy) that can be replenished naturally with the passage of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intangible", + "intangible asset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets that are saleable though not material or physical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good will", + "goodwill" + ], + "it": [ + "avviamento", + "valore d'avviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) an intangible asset valued according to the advantage or reputation a business has acquired (over and above its tangible assets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid assets", + "current assets", + "quick assets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets in the form of cash (or easily convertible into cash)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment", + "investment funds" + ], + "it": [ + "impiego", + "investimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money that is invested with an expectation of profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat equity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest in a building that a tenant earns by contributing to its renovation or maintenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference between the market value of a property and the claims held against it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest (equity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ownership of stocks; the state or fact of holding stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockholding", + "stockholdings" + ], + "it": [ + "azionariato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific number of stocks or shares owned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the book value of the outstanding shares of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue chip", + "blue-chip stock" + ], + "it": [ + "azione di prim'ordine", + "blue-chip", + "blue chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common stock of a nationally known company whose value and dividends are reliable; typically have high price and low yield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classified stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common stock classified as A or B where A has certain advantages (e.g., voting power) that B does not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common stock", + "common shares", + "ordinary shares" + ], + "it": [ + "azioni ordinarie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock other than preferred stock; entitles the owner to a share of the corporation's profits and a share of the voting power in shareholder elections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock of record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock held by stockholders of record on a given date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "par value", + "face value", + "nominal value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore nominale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value of a security that is set by the company issuing it; unrelated to market value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-par-value stock", + "no-par stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock with no par value specified in the corporate charter or on the stock certificate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preferred stock", + "preferred shares", + "preference shares" + ], + "it": [ + "azione preferenziale", + "azione privilegiata", + "azioni privilegiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock whose holders are guaranteed priority in the payment of dividends but whose holders have no voting rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumulative preferred", + "cumulative preferred stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preferred stock whose dividends if omitted accumulate until paid out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ], + "it": [ + "flottante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of shares outstanding and available for trading by the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common stock equivalent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preferred stock or convertible bonds or warrants that can be converted into common stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shares owned by shareholders who have a controlling interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock of a corporation that has had faster than average gains in earnings and is expected to continue to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot stock", + "hot issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newly issued stock that is in great public demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock selling for less that $1/share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore contabile", + "valore di bilancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value at which an asset is carried on a balance sheet; equals cost minus accumulated depreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market value", + "market price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo di mercato", + "valore del cambio", + "valore di mercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the price at which buyers and sellers trade the item in an open marketplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bonds sold by a corporation or government agency at a particular time and identifiable by date of maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convertible bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione convertibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond that can be converted to other securities under certain conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporate bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione di società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond issued by a corporation; carries no claim to ownership and pays no dividends but payments to bondholders have priority over payments to stockholders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupon bond", + "bearer bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione al portatore", + "obbligazione cuponata", + "titolo al portatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond issued with detachable coupons that must be presented to the issuer for interest payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond that is an IOU of the United States Treasury; considered the safest security in the investment world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk bond", + "high-yield bond" + ], + "it": [ + "junk bond", + "obbligazione di rischio", + "titolo spazzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (speculative) bond with a credit rating of BB or lower; issued for leveraged buyouts and other takeovers by companies with questionable credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "municipal bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione municipale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond issued by a state or local government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noncallable bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond containing a provision that the holder cannot redeem the security before a specific date (usually at maturity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performance bond", + "surety bond" + ], + "it": [ + "fideiussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond given to protect the recipient against loss in case the terms of a contract are not filled; a surety company assumes liability for nonperformance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post-obit bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond made by a reversioner to secure a loan; payable out of his reversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registered bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione nominativa", + "titolo nominativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond whose owner is recorded on the books of the issuer; can be transferred to another owner only when endorsed by the registered owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenue bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond issued by an agency that is commissioned to finance public works; revenue from the public property is used to pay off the bond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secured bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond that is back by collateral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsecured bond", + "debenture", + "debenture bond" + ], + "it": [ + "bond", + "obbligazione", + "titolo obbligazionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government security", + "agency security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security issued by United States government agencies or the Farm Credit System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgage-backed security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security created when a group of mortgages are gathered together and bonds are sold to other institutions or the public; investors receive a portion of the interest payments on the mortgages as well as the principal payments; usually guaranteed by the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registered security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security whose owner's name is recorded on the books of the issuer (or issuer's agent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "non-negotiable government bond; cannot be bought and sold once the original purchase is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility bond", + "utility revenue bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond issued to finance the construction of public utility services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero coupon bond", + "zero-coupon bond" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazione a capitalizzazione integrale", + "obbligazione scuponata", + "obbligazione senza cedola", + "obbligazione zero-coupon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond that is issued at a deep discount from its value at maturity and pays no interest during the life of the bond; the commonest form of zero-coupon security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an interest in an estate that reverts to the grantor (or his heirs) at the end of some period (e.g., the death of the grantee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reversion to the state (as the ultimate owner of property) in the absence of legal heirs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(frequently plural) the interest possessed by law or custom in some intangible thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(civil law) the right to all of that which your property produces whether by growth or improvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share" + ], + "it": [ + "azione", + "compartecipazione", + "quota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the equal portions into which the capital stock of a corporation is divided and ownership of which is evidenced by a stock certificate" + ], + "it": [ + "quota del capitale azionario di una azienda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authorized shares", + "authorized stock", + "capital stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum number of shares authorized under the terms of a corporation's articles of incorporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock with a par value of $25/share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculation", + "venture" + ], + "it": [ + "speculazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money that is risked for possible monetary gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smart money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money bet or invested by experienced gamblers or investors (especially if they have inside information)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) a series of transactions in which the speculator increases his holdings by using the rising market value of those holdings as margin for further purchases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake", + "stakes", + "bet", + "wager" + ], + "it": [ + "posta", + "giocata", + "puntata", + "scommessa", + "gioco", + "posta in gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the money risked on a gamble" + ], + "it": [ + "la somma di denaro puntata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot", + "jackpot", + "kitty" + ], + "it": [ + "monte premi", + "montepremi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cumulative amount involved in a game (such as poker)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(poker) the initial contribution that each player makes to the pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "protection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defense against financial failure; financial independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easy street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge", + "hedging" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione di copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any technique designed to reduce or eliminate financial risk; for example, taking two positions that will offset each other if prices change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coverage", + "insurance coverage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total amount and type of insurance carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "contratto di assicurazione", + "copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise of reimbursement in the case of loss; paid to people or companies so concerned about hazards that they have made prepayments to an insurance company" + ], + "it": [ + "la protezione offerta da una polizza di assicurazione contro i rischi per i quali essa viene emessa", + "lo stesso terminee indica la somma e l'ampiezza del rischio coperto da assicurazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "contratto di assicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British term for some kinds of insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile insurance", + "car insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance against loss due to theft or traffic accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no fault insurance", + "no fault automobile insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of automobile insurance where a party who is injured in an automobile accident recovers damages up to a specific amount against his own insurance company regardless of who was responsible for the accident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business interruption insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance that provides protection for the loss of profits and continuing fixed expenses resulting from a break in commercial activities due to the occurrence of a peril" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coinsurance" + ], + "it": [ + "coassicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance issued jointly by two or more underwriters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione contro l'incendio", + "assicurazione contro gli incendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance against loss due to fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance that is purchased by a group (such as the employees of a company) usually at a reduced rate to individual members of the group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazard insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance that provides protection against certain risks such as storms or fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance against loss due to ill health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitalization insurance", + "hospitalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance that pays all or part of a patient's hospital expense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liability insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance that provides protection from claims arising from injuries or damage to other people or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life insurance", + "life assurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione sulla vita", + "assicurazione vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance paid to named beneficiaries when the insured person dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endowment insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life insurance for a specified amount which is payable to the insured person at the expiration of a certain period of time or to a designated beneficiary immediately upon the death of the insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tontine", + "tontine insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of life insurance whereby on the death or default of a participant his share is distributed to the remaining members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole life insurance", + "ordinary life insurance", + "straight life insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance on the life of the insured for a fixed amount at a definite premium that is paid each year in the same amount during the entire lifetime of the insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malpractice insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance purchased by physicians and hospitals to cover the cost of being sued for malpractice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinsurance" + ], + "it": [ + "riassicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharing the risk by insurance companies; part or all of the insurer's risk is assumed by other companies in return for part of the premium paid by the insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "autoassicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insuring yourself by setting aside money to cover possible losses rather than by purchasing an insurance policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione puro rischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-cost insurance that is valid only for a stated period of time and has no cash surrender value or loan value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health maintenance organization", + "HMO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group insurance that entitles members to services of participating hospitals and clinics and physicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "surety" + ], + "it": [ + "cauzione", + "pegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "cauzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down payment", + "deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "acconto", + "caparra", + "cauzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partial payment made at the time of purchase; the balance to be paid later" + ], + "it": [ + "quella parte del prezzo di acquisto che l'acquirente deve pagare in contanti all'atto della firma di un contratto di acquisto a rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the payment of a debt or fulfillment of an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earnest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of value given by one person to another to bind a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earnest money", + "arles" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipazione", + "arra", + "caparra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money given by a buyer to a seller to bind a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognizance", + "recognisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a security entered into before a court with a condition to perform some act required by law; on failure to perform that act a sum is forfeited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge" + ], + "it": [ + "caparra", + "pegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deposit of personal property as security for a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article deposited as security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail", + "bail bond", + "bond" + ], + "it": [ + "cartella", + "cauzione", + "titolo a reddito fisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin", + "security deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "margine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of collateral a customer deposits with a broker when borrowing from the broker to buy securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brokerage account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund that a customer has entrusted to a securities brokerage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account with a securities brokerage whose transactions are settled on a cash basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custodial account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brokerage firm account that parents have created for a minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account with a securities brokerage in which the broker extends credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgage" + ], + "it": [ + "ipoteca", + "mutuo ipotecario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditional sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security interest taken by the seller in return for credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first mortgage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortgage that has priority over all mortgages and liens except those imposed by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second mortgage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortgage that is subordinate to a first mortgage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chattel mortgage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan to buy some personal item; the item (or chattel) is security for the loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collateral" + ], + "it": [ + "collaterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security pledged for the repayment of a loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee", + "guaranty" + ], + "it": [ + "avallo", + "fideiussione", + "garantia", + "garanzia", + "malleveria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collateral agreement to answer for the debt of another in case that person defaults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material resource" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets in the form of material possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wealth", + "riches" + ], + "it": [ + "ricchezza", + "censo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abundance of material possessions and resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold" + ], + "it": [ + "oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme dei mezzi economici a disposizione di una persona o di una società" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "means", + "substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considerable capital (wealth or income)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your personal financial means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wherewithal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the necessary means (especially financial means)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture capital", + "risk capital" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale a rischio", + "capitale di rischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth available for investment in new or speculative enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital", + "working capital" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale d'esercizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets available for use in the production of further assets" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi valore(mobile, immobile o somma di denaro) che produca reddito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital available for the operations of a firm (e.g. manufacturing or transportation) as distinct from financial transactions and long-term improvements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account", + "accounting", + "account statement" + ], + "it": [ + "estratto conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of recent transactions and the resulting balance" + ], + "it": [ + "documento che rappresenta un sommario delle operazioni che hanno avuto luogo tra un creditore e il suo debitore appena si chiude il periodo contabile cui esso si riferisce e rappresenta un invito a saldare l'eventuale importo a credito di chi lo invia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "income statement", + "earnings report", + "operating statement", + "profit-and-loss statement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial statement that gives operating results for a specific period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(finance) an account of the net value of a business at a specified date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) that part of the balance of payments recording a nation's outflow and inflow of financial securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal", + "corpus", + "principal sum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital as contrasted with the income derived from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital needed to set up a new business or enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funds", + "finances", + "monetary resource", + "cash in hand", + "pecuniary resource" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assets in the form of money" + ], + "it": [ + "somma di denaro disponibile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankroll", + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of currency notes (often taken as the resources of a person or business etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medicaid funds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public funds used to pay for Medicaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasury", + "exchequer" + ], + "it": [ + "finanze", + "tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the funds of a government or institution or individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money supply" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidità monetaria", + "offerta di moneta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total stock of money in the economy; currency held by the public plus money in accounts in banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "M1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the money supply; includes currency in circulation plus demand deposits or checking account balances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "M2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the money supply; M1 plus net time deposits (other than large certificates of deposit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "M3" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the money supply; M2 plus deposits at institutions that are not banks (such as savings and loan associations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public treasury", + "trough", + "till" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treasury for government funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork barrel", + "pork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative appropriation designed to ingratiate legislators with their constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bursary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treasury of a public institution or religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtreasury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate treasury or place of deposit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state treasury or exchequer or a royal treasury; originally the public treasury of Rome or the emperor's private purse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund", + "monetary fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reserve of money set aside for some purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "il complesso delle disponibilità finanziarie di un individuo, un ente, un'impresa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pooled money that is invested in assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange traded fund", + "ETF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual fund that is traded on a stock exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual fund whose assets are stocks on a given list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolving fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund which, if borrowed or used, is intended to be replenished so it may be loaned or spent repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinking fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo d'ammortamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund accumulated regularly in a separate account and used to redeem debt securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings", + "nest egg" + ], + "it": [ + "gruzzolo", + "peculio", + "risparmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund of money put by as a reserve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank account" + ], + "it": [ + "c / c", + "conto bancario", + "conto corrente", + "conto corrente bancario", + "conto in banca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund that a customer has entrusted to a bank and from which the customer can make withdrawals" + ], + "it": [ + "somma che il cliente deposita presso l'istituto di credito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giro account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account at a post office that can be used in similar ways to an account at a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension fund", + "superannuation fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo pensioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund reserved to pay workers' pensions when they retire from service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund accumulated to finance a war (or a political campaign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slush fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondi neri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund for buying votes or bribing public officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione fiduciaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust in which the trustee must perform certain duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust that enables a person to avoid possible conflict of interest by transferring assets to a fiduciary; the person establishing the trust gives up the right to information about the assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust in which the trustee performs no active duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charitable trust", + "public trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created for charitable or religious or educational or scientific purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clifford trust", + "grantor trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust established to shift the income to someone who is taxed at a lower rate than the grantor for a period of 10 years or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implied trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust inferred by operation of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructive trust", + "involuntary trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created by a court (regardless of the intent of the parties) to benefit a party that has been wrongfully deprived of its rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resulting trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created by a court when it is judged that it was the intention of the parties to create a trust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct trust", + "express trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created by the free and deliberate act of the parties involved (usually on the basis of written documentation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discretionary trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust that gives the trustee discretion to pay the beneficiary as much of the trust income as the trustee believes appropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondiscretionary trust", + "fixed investment trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investment trust that can buy only those securities listed when the trust was organized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living trust", + "inter vivos trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created and operating during the grantor's lifetime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spendthrift trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust created to maintain a beneficiary but to be secure against the beneficiary's improvidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testamentary trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trust that is created under a will and that becomes active after the grantor dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings account trust", + "savings bank trust", + "trust account", + "trustee account", + "Totten trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savings account deposited by someone who makes themselves the trustee for a beneficiary and who controls it during their lifetime; afterward the balance is payable to the previously named beneficiary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement whereby persons owning stock with voting powers retain ownership while transferring the voting rights to the trustees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo fiduciario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fund held in trust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checking account", + "chequing account", + "current account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank account against which the depositor can draw checks that are payable on demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto di risparmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank account that accumulates interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time deposit account", + "deposit account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savings account in which the deposit is held for a fixed term or in which withdrawals can be made only after giving notice or with loss of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormant account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto inattivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savings account showing no activity (other than posting interest) for some specified period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passbook savings account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savings account in which deposits and withdrawals are recorded in the depositor's passbook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash equivalent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly liquid debt instrument with maturities of less than three months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certificate of deposit", + "CD" + ], + "it": [ + "certificato di deposito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debt instrument issued by a bank; usually pays interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support", + "keep", + "livelihood", + "living", + "bread and butter", + "sustenance" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenimento", + "sostentamento", + "pane", + "mezzi di sostentamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the financial means whereby one lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support", + "financial support", + "funding", + "backing", + "financial backing" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial resources provided to make some project possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ways and means" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resources available to meet expenses (especially legislation for raising revenue for a government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comforts", + "creature comforts", + "amenities", + "conveniences" + ], + "it": [ + "agio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "things that make you comfortable and at ease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maintenance" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "means of maintenance of a family or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meal ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of income or livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsistence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accumulation" + ], + "it": [ + "capitalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(finance) profits that are not paid out as dividends but are added to the capital base of the corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoard", + "cache", + "stash" + ], + "it": [ + "gruzzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret store of valuables or money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "store", + "stock", + "fund" + ], + "it": [ + "rifornimento", + "scorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply of something available for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store or supply of something (especially of food or clothing or arms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "military issue", + "government issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply of seeds (or tubers) reserved for planting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed corn", + "seed grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good quality seeds (as kernels of corn) that are reserved for planting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve", + "backlog", + "stockpile" + ], + "it": [ + "riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something kept back or saved for future use or a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banca del sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for storing whole blood or blood plasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for storing and preserving corneas that are obtained from human corpses immediately after death; used for corneal transplantation to patients with corneal defects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where food is contributed and made available to those in need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of fuel remaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any assets that are concealed until they can be used advantageously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land retired from crop cultivation and planted with soil-building crops; government subsidies are paid to farmers for their retired land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool", + "kitty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combined stakes of the betters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hidden reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reserves that do not show up on the balance sheet (as by understating values)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie jar reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hidden reserve that can be used to adjust quarterly earning reports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any communal combination of funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve account", + "reserve fund" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo di riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "funds taken out of earnings to provide for anticipated future payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valuation reserve", + "valuation account", + "allowance", + "allowance account" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo svalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reserve fund created by a charge against profits in order to provide for changes in the value of a company's assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any possession that is highly valued by its owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure", + "hoarded wealth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortune" + ], + "it": [ + "fortuna", + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large amount of wealth or prosperity" + ], + "it": [ + "una grande quantità di ricchezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valuable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king's ransom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large treasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure trove", + "trove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treasure of unknown ownership found hidden (usually in the earth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precious metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the less common and valuable metals often used to make coins or jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of precious metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold" + ], + "it": [ + "oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coins made of gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coins made of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond" + ], + "it": [ + "diamante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent piece of diamond that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice", + "sparkler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diamonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent piece of ruby that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl" + ], + "it": [ + "perla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster; much valued as a jewel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed pearl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small imperfect pearl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent piece of emerald that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapphire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent piece of sapphire that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium of exchange", + "monetary system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema monetario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is generally accepted as a standard of value and a measure of wealth in a particular country or region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard", + "monetary standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value behind the money in a monetary system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold standard" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema aureo", + "sistema monetario aureo", + "tallone aureo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver standard" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema monetario argenteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimetallism" + ], + "it": [ + "bimetallismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by stated amounts of two metals (usually gold and silver) with values set at a predetermined ratio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender", + "legal tender", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "moneta in corso legale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that can be used as an official medium of payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government-issued stamp that can be used in exchange for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit", + "deferred payment" + ], + "it": [ + "credenza", + "credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement for deferred payment for goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i106999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer credit" + ], + "it": [ + "credito al consumo", + "credito al consumatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of credit extended for personal or household use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan made by a bank; to be repaid with interest on or before a fixed date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business loan", + "commercial loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank loan granted for the use of a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interbank loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan from one bank to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home loan", + "home equity credit", + "home equity loan", + "equity credit line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan secured by equity value in the borrower's home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installment credit", + "installment loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan repaid with interest in equal periodic payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-end credit", + "revolving credit", + "charge account credit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "credito a termine rinnovabile automaticamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consumer credit line that can be used up to a certain limit or paid down at any time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit account", + "charge account", + "open account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto aperto", + "conto personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit extended by a business to a customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolving charge account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge account that does not have to be paid to zero balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "cash advance" + ], + "it": [ + "acconto", + "anticipazione", + "anticipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount paid before it is earned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit card", + "charge card", + "charge plate", + "plastic" + ], + "it": [ + "carta di credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card (usually plastic) that assures a seller that the person using it has a satisfactory credit rating and that the issuer will see to it that the seller receives payment for the merchandise delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a credit card issued by a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calling card", + "phone card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card that is used instead of cash to make telephone calls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash card", + "cashcard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a credit card that entitles the holder to receive cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debit card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card (usually plastic) that enables the holder to withdraw money or to have the cost of purchases charged directly to the holder's bank account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smart card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic card containing a microprocessor that enables the holder to perform operations requiring data that is stored in the microprocessor; typically used to perform financial transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "bill of exchange", + "order of payment" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiale", + "effetto", + "effetto cambiario", + "tratta", + "pagherò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdraft" + ], + "it": [ + "scoperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft in excess of the credit balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign bill", + "foreign draft" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiale pagabile all'estero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bill of exchange that is drawn in one country and made payable in another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inland bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bill of exchange that is both drawn and made payable in the same country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft for the amount of a dishonored draft plus the costs and charges of drafting again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade acceptance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bill of exchange for a specific purchase; drawn on the buyer by the seller and bearing the buyer's acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio di valuta", + "valuta estera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system by which one currency is exchanged for another; enables international transactions to take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ], + "it": [ + "credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money available for a client to borrow" + ], + "it": [ + "somma di denaro ceduta da un creditore a un debitore previo accordo di restituzione futura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheap money" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta di scarso valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit available at low rates of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surplus or excess of money or merchandise that is actually on hand and that exceeds expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax credit" + ], + "it": [ + "credito d'imposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a direct reduction in tax liability (not dependent on the taxpayer's tax bracket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a credit opened by an importer with a bank in an exporter's country to finance an export operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit opened by an importer at a bank in his own country upon which an exporter may draw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit line", + "line of credit", + "bank line", + "line", + "personal credit line", + "personal line of credit" + ], + "it": [ + "castelletto", + "fido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum credit that a customer is allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit granted by a bank to a business concern for commercial purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter of credit" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera di credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document issued by a bank that guarantees the payment of a customer's draft; substitutes the bank's credit for the customer's credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial letter of credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of credit given to a business concern for commercial purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveler's letter of credit", + "traveller's letter of credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of credit given to a traveler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveler's check", + "traveller's check", + "banker's check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of credit issued by a bank or express company that is payable on presentation to any correspondent of the issuer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank draft", + "banker's draft" + ], + "it": [ + "a.c.", + "assegno circolare", + "tratta bancaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft drawn by a bank against funds deposited in another bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dividend warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of payment (such as a check payable to a shareholder) in which a dividend is paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money order", + "postal order" + ], + "it": [ + "vaglia", + "vaglia postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written order for the payment of a sum to a named individual; obtainable and payable at a post office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdraft credit", + "check overdraft credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit provided by a bank in honoring a customer's overdrafts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit", + "bank deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "deposito bancario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money deposited in a bank or some similar institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand deposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank deposit from which withdrawals can be made without notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito a tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate of deposit from which withdrawals can be made only after advance notice or at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptance", + "banker's acceptance" + ], + "it": [ + "accettazione", + "accettazione bancaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banking: a time draft drawn on and accepted by a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "bank check", + "cheque" + ], + "it": [ + "assegno", + "assegno bancario", + "chèque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written order directing a bank to pay money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad check", + "bad cheque" + ], + "it": [ + "assegno a vuoto", + "assegno scoperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check that is dishonored on presentation because of insufficient funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank check drawn on insufficient funds at another bank in order to take advantage of the float" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank check that has been fraudulently altered to increase its face value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank check provided by a bank for the convenience of customers who are making withdrawals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giro", + "giro cheque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check given by the British government to someone who is unemployed; it can be cashed either at a bank or at the post office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paycheck", + "payroll check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check issued in payment of wages or salary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certified check", + "certified cheque" + ], + "it": [ + "assegno a copertura garantita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check containing certification that the person who issued the check has sufficient funds on deposit to cover payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal check", + "personal cheque" + ], + "it": [ + "assegno di conto corrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check drawn against funds deposited in your personal checking account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashier's check", + "treasurer's check", + "cashier's cheque", + "treasurer's cheque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check issued by the officer of a bank on the banks own account (not that of a private person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank check", + "blank cheque" + ], + "it": [ + "assegno in bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check that has been signed but with the amount payable left blank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disability check", + "disability payment" + ], + "it": [ + "pensione di invalidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monthly payment made to someone who has become disabled and is unable to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicare check", + "medicare payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check reimbursing an aged person for the expenses of health care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension" + ], + "it": [ + "pensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working" + ], + "it": [ + "un pagamento mensile a qualcuno che si è ritirato dal lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-age pension", + "retirement pension", + "retirement check", + "retirement benefit", + "retirement fund", + "superannuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monthly payment made to someone who is retired from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money" + ], + "it": [ + "danaro", + "denaro", + "moneta", + "soldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money" + ], + "it": [ + "danaro", + "denaro", + "soldi", + "valuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official currency issued by a government or national bank" + ], + "it": [ + "il mezzo di pagamento garantito da uno stato e riferito a una data unità di misura e valore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British money; especially the pound sterling as the basic monetary unit of the UK" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boodle", + "bread", + "cabbage", + "clams", + "dinero", + "dough", + "gelt", + "kale", + "lettuce", + "lolly", + "lucre", + "loot", + "moolah", + "pelf", + "scratch", + "shekels", + "simoleons", + "sugar", + "wampum" + ], + "it": [ + "conquibus", + "grana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shinplaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper money of little value issued on insufficient security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidization", + "subsidisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money (or other benefits) obtained as a subsidy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coins of regular issue whose face value is greater than their intrinsic value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currency" + ], + "it": [ + "circolante", + "moneta", + "moneta circolante", + "val.", + "valuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metal or paper medium of exchange that is presently used" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo di pagamento, rappresentato da un dischetto metallico o da una banconota o altro oggetto di valore convenzionalmente stabilito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurocurrency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "currency of the major financial and industrial countries held in those countries for the purpose of lending and borrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractional currency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper currency in denominations less than the basic monetary unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash", + "immediate payment" + ], + "it": [ + "contante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prompt payment for goods or services in currency or by check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash", + "hard cash", + "hard currency" + ], + "it": [ + "bancomat", + "cash", + "contante", + "denaro in contante", + "denaro liquido", + "liquido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money in the form of bills or coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard currency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a currency that is not likely to depreciate suddenly in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper money", + "folding money", + "paper currency" + ], + "it": [ + "carta moneta", + "cartamoneta", + "moneta cartacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "currency issued by a government or central bank and consisting of printed paper that can circulate as a substitute for specie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money received in return for its equivalent in a larger denomination or a different currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "resto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the balance of money received when the amount you tender is greater than the amount due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coinage", + "mintage", + "specie", + "metal money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coins collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small change", + "chickenfeed", + "chump change" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trifling sum of money" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta metallica con valore inferiore a quello dell'unità monetaria usata per i piccoli pagamenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "resto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coins of small denomination regarded collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat metal piece (usually a disc) used as money" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo di scambio per la compravendita, caratterizzato da un dischetto metallico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bawbee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old Scottish coin of little value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bezant", + "bezzant", + "byzant", + "solidus" + ], + "it": [ + "bisante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gold coin of the Byzantine Empire; widely circulated in Europe in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various former European coins of different denominations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ducat" + ], + "it": [ + "ducato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a gold coin of various European countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old small silver Spanish coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece of eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old silver Spanish coin; worth 8 reales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English coin worth one twentieth of a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English coin worth 5 shillings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English coin worth half a crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States coin worth one tenth of a dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel" + ], + "it": [ + "nichelino", + "ventino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States coin worth one twentieth of a dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States or Canadian coin worth one fourth of a dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half dollar", + "fifty-cent piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States coin worth half of a dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halfpenny", + "ha'penny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English coin worth half a penny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny", + "cent", + "centime" + ], + "it": [ + "centesimo", + "quattrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin worth one-hundredth of the value of the basic unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counterfeit coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenpence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decimal coin worth ten pennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twopence", + "tuppence" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former United Kingdom silver coin; United Kingdom bronze decimal coin worth two pennies" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta da due penny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threepence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former cupronickel coin of the United Kingdom equal to three pennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourpence", + "groat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former English silver coin worth four pennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fivepence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin worth five cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixpence", + "tanner" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "moneta da sei penny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small coin of the United Kingdom worth six pennies; not minted since 1970" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eightpence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin worth eight pennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninepence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin worth nine pennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copper penny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new penny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin used in Great Britain since 1971 worth one hundredth of a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States coin worth one dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Susan B Anthony dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States coin worth one dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver dollar", + "cartwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dollar made of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former gold coin in the United States worth 20 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former gold coin in the United States worth 10 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former gold coin in United States worth 5 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea" + ], + "it": [ + "ghinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British gold coin worth 21 shillings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farthing" + ], + "it": [ + "quattrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British bronze coin worth a quarter of a penny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Spanish gold coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louis d'or" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former French gold coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medallion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large ancient Greek coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the various silver or gold coins of ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former French coin of low denomination; often used of any small amount of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maundy money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specially minted silver coins that are distributed by the British sovereign on Maundy Thursday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiat money" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta a corso forzoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money that the government declares to be legal tender although it cannot be converted into standard specie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill", + "note", + "government note", + "bank bill", + "banker's bill", + "bank note", + "banknote", + "Federal Reserve note", + "greenback" + ], + "it": [ + "banconota", + "biglietto di banca", + "biglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank)" + ], + "it": [ + "valuta cartacea emessa da una banca centrale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a bank note issued by the United States Treasury and redeemable in silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treasury", + "Treasury obligations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiable debt obligations of the United States government which guarantees that interest and principal payments will be paid on time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treasury bill", + "T-bill" + ], + "it": [ + "bot", + "buono del tesoro", + "buono del tesoro ordinario", + "buono ordinario del tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-term obligation that is not interest-bearing (it is purchased at a discount); can be traded on a discount basis for 91 days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treasury bond" + ], + "it": [ + "btp", + "buono del tesoro poliennale", + "buono poliennale del tesoro", + "obbligazione dello stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debt instrument with maturities of 10 years or longer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treasury note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "securities with maturities of 1 to 10 years; sold for cash or in exchange for maturing issues or at auction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundred dollar bill", + "c-note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 100 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifty dollar bill", + "fifty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 50 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty dollar bill", + "twenty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 20 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenner", + "ten dollar bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 10 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiver", + "five-spot", + "five dollar bill" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "biglietto da 5 sterline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 5 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel", + "nickel note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "five dollars worth of a drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two dollar bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bill worth 2 dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar", + "dollar bill", + "one dollar bill", + "buck", + "clam" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of paper money worth one dollar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liabilities" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is owed to someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficit" + ], + "it": [ + "ammanco", + "deficit", + "disavanzo", + "sbilancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excess of liabilities over assets (usually over a certain period)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excess of expenditures over revenues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excess of the federal government's spending over its revenue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excess of imports over exports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "due" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment that is due (e.g., as the price of membership)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limited liability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liability of a firm's owners for no more than the capital they have invested in the firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debt" + ], + "it": [ + "debito", + "chiodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money or goods or services owed by one person to another" + ], + "it": [ + "beni, servizi o somma di denaro dovuti da una persona fisica o giuridica a un'altra, in virtu' di un accordo, esplicito o implicito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpaid overdue debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national debt" + ], + "it": [ + "debito pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the debt of the national government (as distinguished from the debts of individuals and businesses and political subdivisions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public debt" + ], + "it": [ + "debito pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total of the nation's debts: debts of local and state and national governments; an indicator of how much public spending is financed by borrowing instead of taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debt limit", + "debt ceiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum borrowing power of a governmental entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national debt ceiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limit set by Congress beyond which the national debt cannot rise; periodically raised by Congress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debt instrument", + "obligation", + "certificate of indebtedness" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo", + "titolo di credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written promise to repay a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "promissory note", + "note of hand" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiale", + "lettera di cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad debt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debt that is unlikely to be repaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installment debt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "debt to be paid by installments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loan" + ], + "it": [ + "prestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call loan", + "demand loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan that is repayable on demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan by a lender to a customer without the use of a third party; direct lending gives the lender greater discretion in making loans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "participation loan", + "loan participation", + "participation financing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan that is shared by a group of banks that join to make a loan too big for any one of them alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal loan", + "consumer loan" + ], + "it": [ + "credito personale", + "prestito personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan that establishes consumer credit that is granted for personal use; usually unsecured and based on the borrower's integrity and ability to pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile loan", + "auto loan", + "car loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal loan to purchase an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one percent of the total principal of a loan; it is paid at the time the loan is made and is independent of the interest on the loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real estate loan", + "mortgage loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan on real estate that is usually secured by a mortgage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time loan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loan that is payable on or before a specified date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note payable on demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial liabilities (such as a tax)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to take another's property if an obligation is not discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artisan's lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien permitting an artisan to retain possession of a piece of work until has been paid for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal tax lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien of the United States on all property of a taxpayer who fails to pay the federal government the taxes for which he or she is liable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lien on all the property owned by a debtor and not just a specific property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien on a debtor's property that is granted to a creditor by court judgment; lien may be enforced by having the sheriff seize the property and hold a sheriff's sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlord's lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien on a tenant's property for the satisfaction of unpaid rent or property damage; the landlord is given the status of a preferred creditor with regard to the tenant's property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanic's lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien to secure payment for work and materials in erecting or repairing a building or other structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garageman's lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extension of a mechanic's lien to include payment for work on automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state tax lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lien on the property of a taxpayer that the tax collector can use upon default of payment of taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lien of which a tax collector may avail himself in default of taxes (analogous to a judgment lien)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warehouseman's lien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right of a warehouseman to retain goods until all storage charges have been paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encumbrance", + "incumbrance" + ], + "it": [ + "gravame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge against property (as a lien or mortgage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assessment" + ], + "it": [ + "stima", + "tassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount determined as payable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "document" + ], + "it": [ + "busta-paga", + "busta paga", + "documento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written account of ownership or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quittance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document or receipt certifying release from an obligation or debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "documento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of the financial situation of an institution on a particular date by listing its assets and the claims against those assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written record of money spent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ledger", + "leger", + "account book", + "book of account", + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "mastro", + "partitario", + "saldaconti", + "libro mastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record in which commercial accounts are recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost ledger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ledger showing the accumulated costs classified in various ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general ledger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ledger that contains all of the financial accounts of a business; contains offsetting debit and credit accounts (including control accounts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidiary ledger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "details of an account supporting the amount stated in the general ledger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account that shows totals of amounts entered in a subsidiary ledger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daybook", + "journal" + ], + "it": [ + "brogliaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ledger in which transactions have been recorded as they occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entry", + "accounting entry", + "ledger entry" + ], + "it": [ + "partita", + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written record of a commercial transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjusting entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting entry made at the end of an accounting period to allocate items between accounting periods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit", + "credit entry" + ], + "it": [ + "accreditamento", + "accredito", + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting entry acknowledging income or capital items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debit", + "debit entry" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "addebito", + "passivo", + "addebitamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting entry acknowledging sums that are owing" + ], + "it": [ + "in ragioneria il debito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting", + "accounting system", + "method of accounting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bookkeeper's chronological list of related debits and credits of a business; forms part of a ledger of accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "account of payments received; usually the right side of a financial statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debit side" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna del dare", + "passivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "account of payments owed; usually the left side of a financial statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accrual basis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of accounting in which each item is entered as it is earned or incurred regardless of when actual payments are received or made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash basis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of accounting in which each item is entered as payments are received or made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pooling of interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting method used in the merging of companies; the balance sheets are added together item by item; this method is tax-free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounts receivable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creditor's accounts of money owed to him; normally arise from the sale of products or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note receivable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your right in a promissory note in which the maker promises to pay a certain amount of money at a certain time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounts payable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debtor's accounts of money he owes; normally arise from the purchase of products or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note payable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note promising to pay a certain amount of money at a certain time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit and loss", + "profit and loss account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto economico", + "conto profitti e perdite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account compiled at the end of an accounting period to show gross and net profit or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dividend" + ], + "it": [ + "dividendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the earnings of a corporation that is distributed to its shareholders; usually paid quarterly" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di utile spettante a ogni azionista di una società o a ogni creditore nel fallimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock dividend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dividend paid in stock rather than in cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extra dividend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dividend paid in addition to the regular dividend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equalizing dividend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dividend paid to compensate shareholders for losses resulting from a change in the dividend schedule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divvy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short for dividend; especially one paid by a cooperative society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspense account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto in sospeso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account used temporarily to carry doubtful receipts and disbursements or discrepancies pending their analysis and permanent classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality between the totals of the credit and debit sides of an account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "conguaglio", + "saldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference between the totals of the credit and debit sides of an account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance of trade", + "trade balance", + "visible balance", + "trade gap" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference in value over a period of time of a country's imports and exports of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry-over", + "carry-forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accumulated and undivided profits of a corporation after provision has been made for dividends and reserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensating balance", + "offsetting balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minimum credit balance that a bank may require a borrower to keep on deposit as a condition for granting a loan; a common requirement for establishing a line of credit at a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invisible balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference in value over a period of time of a country's imports and exports of services and payments of property incomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance of payments", + "balance of international payments" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia dei pagamenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of recording all of a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world over a period of one year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "current account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the balance of payments recording a nation's exports and imports of goods and services and transfer payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial balance" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancio di verifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balance of debits and credits in double-entry bookkeeping; drawn up to test their equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audited account", + "audit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inspection of the accounting procedures and records by a trained accountant or CPA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limited audit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an audit of limited scope (limited in time span or confined to particular accounts etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "limited review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) a service (less exhaustive than an audit) that provides some assurance to interested parties as to the reliability of financial data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analytical review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auditing procedure based on ratios among accounts and tries to identify significant changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense account", + "travel and entertainment account" + ], + "it": [ + "conto spese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account to which salespersons or executives can charge travel and entertainment expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payslip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slip of paper included with your pay that records how much money you have earned and how much tax or insurance etc. has been taken out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "libro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in which names and transactions are listed" + ], + "it": [ + "registro dove vengono annotati i dati e le operazioni finanziarie di un'impresa, di un ente pubblico o privato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(accounting) the value of a firm's current assets including raw materials and work in progress and finished goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payroll", + "paysheet" + ], + "it": [ + "libro paga", + "lista del personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of employees and their salaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payroll", + "paysheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total amount of money paid in wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanuts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignificant sum of money; a trifling amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money offered as a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money spoken of as the contents of a money purse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value", + "economic value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess of pottage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything of trivial value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that something in scarce supply is valued above its nominal value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankbook", + "passbook" + ], + "it": [ + "libretto", + "libretto a risparmio", + "libretto di risparmio", + "libretto di banca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of deposits and withdrawals and interest held by depositors at certain banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkbook", + "chequebook" + ], + "it": [ + "libretto degli assegni", + "libretto di assegni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book issued to holders of checking accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawn ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pawnbroker's receipt for articles taken as security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written agreement (or property or money) delivered to a third party or put in trust by one party to a contract to be returned after fulfillment of some condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escrow funds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "funds held in escrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsecured and unregistered short-term obligation issued by an institutional borrower to investors who have temporarily idle cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "municipal note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a municipal debt instrument with a maturity of less than 2 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "IOU" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiale diretta", + "cambiale propria", + "pagherò", + "pagherò cambiario", + "vaglia cambiario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal debt instrument; representing `I owe you'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note that specifies the time (or times) of repayment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debt instrument with a variable interest rate tied to some other interest rate (e.g. the rate paid by T-bills)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel plan", + "meal plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan and a room rate for providing a room and meals to guests at a hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel plan that includes three meals daily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modified American plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel plan that includes breakfast and dinner (but not lunch)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel plan that provides a full breakfast daily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European plan", + "continental plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel plan that provides a continental breakfast daily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a will disposing of real property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "certificate" + ], + "it": [ + "cartella", + "certificato", + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrip" + ], + "it": [ + "buono frazionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate whose value is recognized by the payer and payee; scrip is not currency but may be convertible into currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock certificate", + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate documenting the shareholder's ownership in the corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax-exempt security", + "tax-exempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security that is not subject to taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond", + "bond certificate" + ], + "it": [ + "bond", + "buono", + "certificato obbligazionario", + "obbligazione", + "polizzino", + "titolo obbligazionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Premium Bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government bond that bears no interest or capital gains but enters the holder into lotteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrant", + "stock warrant", + "stock-purchase warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of security issued by a corporation (usually together with a bond or preferred stock) that gives the holder the right to purchase a certain amount of common stock at a stated price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetual warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant with no expiration date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant that expires on a stipulated date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero-coupon security", + "zero coupon security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security that makes no interest payments but instead is sold at a deep discount from its face value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partnership certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate showing the interests of all parties in a business partnership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprietorship certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate showing who is responsible in an individually owned business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convertible", + "convertible security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporate security (usually bonds or preferred stock) that can be exchanged for another form of security (usually common stock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock or bond that is not registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and cannot be sold in the public market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of intent saying that a letter security is being bought for investment and not for resale; avoids need for SEC registration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasury stock", + "treasury shares", + "reacquired stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock that has been bought back by the issuing corporation and is available for retirement or resale; it is issued but not outstanding; it cannot vote and pays no dividends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shares in a corporation that entitle the shareholder to voting and proxy rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watered stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock representing ownership of overvalued assets; stock of a corporation whose total worth is less than its invested capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock that has not been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and cannot be sold to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bond that has not been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and cannot be sold to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listed security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security that has been accepted for trading by one of the organized and registered securities exchanges in the US" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlisted security", + "over the counter security", + "OTC security" + ], + "it": [ + "valore non quotato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security traded in the over-the-counter market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over the counter stock", + "OTC stock", + "unlisted stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock that is not listed and traded on an organized exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget" + ], + "it": [ + "budget", + "bilancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balanced budget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a budget is balanced when current expenditures are equal to receipts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget" + ], + "it": [ + "budget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Civil List" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum of money voted by British Parliament each year for the expenses of the British royal family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating budget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a budget for current expenses as distinct from financial transactions or permanent improvements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petty cash" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piccola cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fund of cash that a firm keeps for the payment of incidental expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket money", + "pin money", + "spending money" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta disponibile", + "denaro per le piccole spese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cash for day-to-day spending on incidental expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ready cash", + "cold cash", + "ready money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money in the form of cash that is readily available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight draft", + "sight bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft payable on presentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time draft", + "time bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft payable at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matching funds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "funds that will be supplied in an amount matching the funds available from other sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last line in an audit; the line that shows profit or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablactation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cessation of lactation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablation" + ], + "it": [ + "ablazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the erosive process that reduces the size of glaciers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrasion", + "attrition", + "corrasion", + "detrition" + ], + "it": [ + "corrasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erosion by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shedding of flowers and leaves and fruit following formation of scar tissue in a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption", + "soaking up" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the process in which incident radiated energy is retained without reflection or transmission on passing through a medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of increasing by addition (as to a collection or group)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acclimatization", + "acclimatisation", + "acclimation" + ], + "it": [ + "acclimamento", + "acclimatamento", + "acclimatazione", + "acclimazione", + "ambientamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adaptation to a new climate (a new temperature or altitude or environment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion", + "accumulation" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase by natural growth or addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) an increase in land resulting from alluvial deposits or waterborne sediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) growth by addition as by the adhesion of parts or particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the formation of a celestial object by the effect of gravity pulling together surrounding objects and gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetylation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of introducing an acetyl group into a compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acheson process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial process for making graphite by heating a mixture of coke and clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid-base equilibrium", + "acid-base balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidification" + ], + "it": [ + "acidificazione", + "inacidimento", + "infortimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming acid or being converted into an acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activation" + ], + "it": [ + "attivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulation of activity in an organism or chemical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "childbirth during which the mother is encouraged to be an active participant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires an expenditure of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acylation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of introducing an acyl group into a compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adaptation", + "adaption", + "adjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "adattamento", + "adeguamento", + "ambientamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of adapting to something (such as environmental conditions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addition reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction in which one molecule is added to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adiabatic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(thermodynamics) any process that occurs without gain or loss of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrative data processing", + "business data processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing in accounting or business management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adsorption", + "surface assimilation" + ], + "it": [ + "adsorbimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accumulation of molecules of a gas to form a thin film on the surface of a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advection" + ], + "it": [ + "avvezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) the horizontal transfer of heat or other atmospheric properties" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferimento orizzontale del calore o di altre proprietà atomosferiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeration" + ], + "it": [ + "aerazione", + "aereazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of exposing to air (so as to purify)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agenesis", + "agenesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imperfect development; nondevelopment of a part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the building of words from component morphemes that retain their form and meaning in the process of combining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutination" + ], + "it": [ + "agglutinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clumping of bacteria or red cells when held together by antibodies (agglutinins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutination", + "agglutinating activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coalescing of small particles that are suspended in solution; these larger masses are then (usually) precipitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aging", + "ageing", + "senescence" + ], + "it": [ + "invecchiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process of growing older and showing the effects of increasing age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldol reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reaction of aldehydes resulting in an aldol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alluvion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradual formation of new land, by recession of the sea or deposit of sediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha decay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus that is accompanied by the emission of an alpha particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternative birth", + "alternative birthing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of childbirth that avoids intrusive high-tech medicine in favor of more natural and homely settings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amelogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the developmental process of forming tooth enamel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanization", + "Americanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "americanizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assimilation into American culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amitosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direct method of cell division characterized by simple division of the nucleus without formation of chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnation with ammonia or a compound of ammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amylolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion of starch to sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anabolism", + "constructive metabolism" + ], + "it": [ + "anabolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances (e.g., living tissue) from simpler ones together with the storage of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaglyphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of producing pictures in contrasting colors that appear three-dimensional when superimposed and viewed through spectacles with one red and one green lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anamorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metamorphism that occurs deep under the earth's surface; changes simple minerals into complex minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anamorphosis", + "anamorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evolution of one type of organism from another by a long series of gradual changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastalsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular action of the alimentary tract in a direction opposite to peristalsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androgenesis", + "androgeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male parthenogenesis in which the embryo contains only paternal chromosomes due to the failure of the egg nucleus to participate in fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of new blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglicization", + "Anglicisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of anglicizing; making English in appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anisogamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) reproduction by the union or fusion of two differing gametes (especially differing in size)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anovulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of ovulation due to immaturity or post-maturity or pregnancy or oral contraceptive pills or dysfunction of the ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropogenesis", + "anthropogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evolution or genesis of the human race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiredeposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of preventing redeposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antisepsis", + "asepsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of inhibiting the growth and multiplication of microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphaeresis", + "apheresis" + ], + "it": [ + "aferesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) omission at the beginning of a word as in `coon' for `raccoon' or `till' for `until'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual disappearance of an initial (usually unstressed) vowel or syllable as in `squire' for `esquire'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apogamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) development of an embryo without fertilization; especially the development in some ferns of a sporophyte from the gametophyte without fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apomixis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several kinds of reproduction without fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) growth in the thickness of a cell wall by the deposit of successive layers of material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asexual reproduction", + "agamogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "agamia", + "agamogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction without the fusion of gametes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assibilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of a consonant phoneme into a sibilant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic process by which a sound becomes similar to an adjacent sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilation", + "absorption" + ], + "it": [ + "assimilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilation", + "absorption" + ], + "it": [ + "integrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) any process of combination (especially in solution) that depends on relatively weak chemical bonding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asynchronous operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operations that occur without a regular or predictable time relation to other events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the onset of a corrosive or destructive process (as by a chemical agent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autocatalysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catalysis in which the catalyst is one of the products of the reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autolysis", + "self-digestion" + ], + "it": [ + "autolisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lysis of plant or animal tissue by an internal process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic data processing", + "ADP" + ], + "it": [ + "E.A.D.", + "Elaborazione Automatica dei Dati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoradiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "producing a radiograph by means of the radiation emitted from the specimen being photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autotype", + "autotypy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process for producing permanent prints in a carbon pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoregulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) processes that maintain a generally constant physiological state in a cell or organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth from increase in cell size without cell division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary operation", + "off-line operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a operation performed by off-line equipment not under the control of the central processing unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background processing", + "backgrounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the execution of low priority programs while higher priority programs are not using the processing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accumulation caused by clogging or a stoppage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissolution or destruction of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriostasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhibition of the growth of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal metabolic rate", + "BMR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which heat is produced by an individual in a resting state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal metabolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of energy required to maintain the body of an individual in a resting state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batch processing" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborazione a blocchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the serial execution of computer programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach erosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the erosion of beaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed-wetting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enuresis during sleep; especially common in children (who usually outgrow it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bessemer process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial process for making steel using a Bessemer converter to blast air through molten iron and thus burning the excess carbon and impurities; the first successful method of making steel in quantity at low cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta decay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus that is accompanied by the emission of a beta particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biochemical mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical mechanism involved in vital processes occurring in living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosynthesis", + "biogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "biosintesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "production of a chemical compound by a living organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asexual reproduction by budding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze", + "blazing" + ], + "it": [ + "fiammata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong flame that burns brightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood coagulation", + "blood clotting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which liquid blood is changed into a semisolid mass (a blood clot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blooming", + "bloom" + ], + "it": [ + "colorito roseo", + "fioritura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process of bearing flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blossoming", + "flowering", + "florescence", + "inflorescence", + "anthesis", + "efflorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "fioritura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time and process of budding and unfolding of blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processing that involves blowing a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluing", + "blueing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that makes something blue (or bluish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodily process", + "body process", + "bodily function", + "activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic process that takes place in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiling" + ], + "it": [ + "bollitura", + "ebollizione", + "ebullizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boolean operation", + "binary operation", + "binary arithmetic operation" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione binaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that follows the rules of Boolean algebra; each operand and the result take one of two values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom fermentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow kind of alcoholic fermentation at a temperature low enough that the yeast cells can sink to the bottom of the fermenting liquid; used in the production of lager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowel movement", + "movement", + "bm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a euphemism for defecation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradley method of childbirth", + "Bradley method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method that prepares a mother for natural childbirth by providing education and exercises and nutrition and techniques of breathing and relaxation (with the assistance of the father)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooding", + "incubation" + ], + "it": [ + "cova", + "covatura", + "incubazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sitting on eggs so as to hatch them by the warmth of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budding" + ], + "it": [ + "gemmazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buildup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of the process of accumulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcification" + ], + "it": [ + "calcificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that impregnates something with calcium (or calcium salts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcination" + ], + "it": [ + "calcinatura", + "calcinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of metals into their oxides as a result of heating to a high temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calving" + ], + "it": [ + "parto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving birth to a calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process whereby a star or planet holds an object in its gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonation" + ], + "it": [ + "gassatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saturation with carbon dioxide (as soda water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclo del carbonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermonuclear reaction in the interior of stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonization", + "carbonisation" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the destructive distillation of coal (as in coke ovens)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation that prepares for the next character to be printed or displayed as the first character on a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catabiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal aging of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catabolism", + "katabolism", + "dissimilation", + "destructive metabolism" + ], + "it": [ + "catabolismo", + "disassimilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breakdown in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones together with release of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalysis", + "contact action" + ], + "it": [ + "catalisi", + "catalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceleration of a chemical reaction induced the presence of material that is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavity", + "caries", + "dental caries", + "tooth decay" + ], + "it": [ + "carie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell division", + "cellular division" + ], + "it": [ + "divisione cellulare", + "mitosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cenogenesis", + "kenogenesis", + "caenogenesis", + "cainogenesis", + "kainogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduction during embryonic development of characters or structure not present in the earlier evolutionary history of the strain or species (such as the addition of the placenta in mammalian evolution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrifugation" + ], + "it": [ + "centrifugazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of separating substances of different densities by the use of a centrifuge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of chemical reactions in which the product of one is a reactant in the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "reazione a catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-sustaining nuclear reaction; a series of nuclear fissions in which neutrons released by splitting one atom leads to the splitting of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of forming a ring by forming one or more hydrogen bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelation" + ], + "it": [ + "chelazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the process of removing a heavy metal from the bloodstream by means of a chelate as in treating lead or mercury poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical equilibrium", + "equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction and its reverse proceed at equal rates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical process", + "chemical change", + "chemical action" + ], + "it": [ + "processo chimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical reaction", + "reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "reazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemisorption", + "chemosorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adsorption (especially when irreversible) by means of chemical instead of physical forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemosynthesis" + ], + "it": [ + "chemiosintesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthesis of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water; limited to certain bacteria and fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childbirth", + "childbearing", + "accouchement", + "vaginal birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parturition process in human beings; having a baby; the process of giving birth to a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorination" + ], + "it": [ + "clorurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the addition or substitution of chlorine in organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatography" + ], + "it": [ + "cromatografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civilization", + "civilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavage", + "segmentation" + ], + "it": [ + "segmentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(embryology) the repeated division of a fertilised ovum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavage" + ], + "it": [ + "scissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the breaking of a chemical bond in a molecule resulting in smaller molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climate change", + "global climate change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the world's climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clouding", + "clouding up" + ], + "it": [ + "annuvolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby water particles become visible in the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohesion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the process in some plants of parts growing together that are usually separate (such as petals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuclear fusion at or near room temperatures; claims to have discovered it are generally considered to have been mistaken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column chromatography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chromatography that uses selective adsorption by a column of powders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combustion", + "burning" + ], + "it": [ + "combustione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflagration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combustion that propagates through a gas or along the surface of an explosive at a rapid rate driven by the transfer of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer operation", + "machine operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary operation that a computer is designed and built to perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concretion" + ], + "it": [ + "concrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of stonelike objects within a body organ (e.g., the kidneys)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrent operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two or more operations performed at the same time (or within a give interval)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensation" + ], + "it": [ + "condensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congealment", + "congelation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of congealing; solidification by (or as if by) freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspicuous consumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buying expensive services and products in order to flaunt your wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumption", + "economic consumption", + "usance", + "use", + "use of goods and services" + ], + "it": [ + "consumo", + "fruizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control operation", + "control function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that controls the recording or processing or transmission of interpretation of data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convalescence", + "recuperation", + "recovery" + ], + "it": [ + "convalescenza", + "guarigione", + "guarimento", + "ricupero", + "ristabilimento", + "sanazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convection" + ], + "it": [ + "convezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convection" + ], + "it": [ + "convezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism represses emotional conflicts which are then converted into physical symptoms that have no organic basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooling", + "chilling", + "temperature reduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming cooler; a falling temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrosion", + "corroding", + "erosion" + ], + "it": [ + "corrosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erosion by chemical action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruption" + ], + "it": [ + "pervertimento", + "putridume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decay of matter (as by rot or oxidation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost-pull inflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflation caused by an increase in the costs of production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracking" + ], + "it": [ + "cracking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby heavy molecules of naphtha or petroleum are broken down into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight (especially in the oil-refining process)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing over", + "crossover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of fostering the growth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curdling", + "clotting", + "coagulation" + ], + "it": [ + "accagliatura", + "coagulamento", + "coagulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of forming semisolid lumps in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanide process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial process for extracting gold and silver by treating ore with a sodium cyanide solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytogenesis", + "cytogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the origin and development and variation of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data mining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing using sophisticated data search capabilities and statistical algorithms to discover patterns and correlations in large preexisting databases; a way to discover new meaning in data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data processing" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborazione dei dati", + "elaborazione elettronica dei dati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a series of operations on data by a computer in order to retrieve or transform or classify information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process whereby voters are moved toward nonpartisanship thus weakening the structure of political parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deamination", + "deaminization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of the amino radical from an amino acid or other amino compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decalcification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of calcium from bones or teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarboxylation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of removing a carboxyl group from a chemical compound (usually replacing it with hydrogen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay", + "decline" + ], + "it": [ + "marasma", + "marasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of gradually becoming inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay", + "radioactive decay", + "disintegration" + ], + "it": [ + "decadimento", + "decadimento radioattivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decentralization", + "decentalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process in which population and industry moves from urban centers to outlying districts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline", + "diminution" + ], + "it": [ + "declino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change toward something smaller or lower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoction" + ], + "it": [ + "decozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pharmacology) the extraction of water-soluble drug substances by boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoction process", + "decoction mashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(brewing) a process in which part of the mash is removed and boiled and then returned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decomposition", + "rot", + "rotting", + "putrefaction" + ], + "it": [ + "carie", + "decomposizione", + "disfacimento", + "imputridimento", + "marcitura", + "marciume", + "putredine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decomposition", + "decomposition reaction", + "chemical decomposition reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "decrement" + ], + "it": [ + "decremento", + "diminuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of becoming smaller or shorter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedifferentiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loss of specialization in form or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepening" + ], + "it": [ + "approfondimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of becoming deeper and more profound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defecation", + "laxation", + "shitting" + ], + "it": [ + "defecazione", + "deiezione", + "evacuazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elimination of fecal waste through the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense mechanism", + "defense reaction", + "defence mechanism", + "defence reaction", + "defense", + "defence" + ], + "it": [ + "meccanismo di difesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflation" + ], + "it": [ + "deflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraction of economic activity resulting in a decline of prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defoliation" + ], + "it": [ + "defogliazione", + "defoliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loss of foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degaussing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of making a (steel) ship's hull nonmagnetic by producing an opposing magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degeneration", + "devolution" + ], + "it": [ + "degenerazione", + "imbastardimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydration", + "desiccation", + "drying up", + "evaporation" + ], + "it": [ + "prosciugamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of extracting moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-iodination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of iodine atoms from organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demagnetization", + "demagnetisation" + ], + "it": [ + "smagnetizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of removing magnetization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "domanda", + "richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability and desire to purchase goods and services" + ], + "it": [ + "quantità di un certo bene o servizio richiesti dal mercato a un dato prezzo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand-pull inflation" + ], + "it": [ + "inflazione da domanda", + "inflazione indotta da domanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflation caused by an increase in demand or in the supply of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demineralization", + "demineralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of minerals and mineral salts from a liquid (especially from water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denazification", + "de-Nazification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social process of removing Nazis from official positions and giving up any allegiance to Nazism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that denies painful thoughts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deossification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loss of the mineral content of bone tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposition", + "deposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural process of laying down a deposit of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ], + "it": [ + "derivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(descriptive linguistics) the process whereby new words are formed from existing words or bases by affixation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eponymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the derivation of a general name from that of a famous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desalination", + "desalinization", + "desalinisation" + ], + "it": [ + "desalinizzazione", + "dissalazione", + "dissalamento", + "desalazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of salt (especially from sea water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desertification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert; is usually caused by climate change or by destructive use of the land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desensitization", + "desensitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of reducing sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing from an adsorbed state on a surface to a gaseous or liquid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destalinization", + "de-Stalinization", + "destalinisation", + "de-Stalinisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social process of neutralizing the influence of Joseph Stalin by revising his policies and removing monuments dedicated to him and renaming places named in his honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destructive distillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heating a solid substance in a closed container and collecting the volatile products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deterioration", + "decline in quality", + "declension", + "worsening" + ], + "it": [ + "aggravamento", + "decadenza", + "decadimento", + "declino", + "degrado", + "deperimento", + "deterioramento", + "deteriorazione", + "peggioramento", + "scadimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process of changing to an inferior state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detumescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminution of swelling; the subsidence of anything swollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development", + "developing" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development", + "evolution" + ], + "it": [ + "evoluzione", + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diakinesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final stage of the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diastrophism" + ], + "it": [ + "diastrofismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of deformation that produces continents and ocean basins in the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffusion" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the process in which there is movement of a substance from an area of high concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestion" + ], + "it": [ + "digestione", + "elaborazione", + "smaltimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestion" + ], + "it": [ + "digestione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital photography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic method that stores the image digitally for later reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilapidation", + "ruin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming dilapidated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplotene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth stage of the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "emission", + "expelling" + ], + "it": [ + "espulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinflation" + ], + "it": [ + "disinflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduction of prices intended to improve the balance of payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displacement", + "displacement reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a reaction in which an elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent element from a compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimilation" + ], + "it": [ + "dissimilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic process by which one of two similar sounds in a word becomes less like the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the temporary or reversible process in which a molecule or ion is broken down into smaller molecules or ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolution", + "disintegration" + ], + "it": [ + "disgregamento", + "disgregazione", + "dissoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation into component parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolving", + "dissolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of going into solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distillation", + "distillment" + ], + "it": [ + "distillamento", + "distillazione", + "stillazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributed data processing", + "remote-access data processing", + "teleprocessing" + ], + "it": [ + "teleelaborazione", + "teletrattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing in which some of the functions are performed in different places and connected by transmission facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dithering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of representing intermediate colors by patterns of tiny colored dots that simulate the desired color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestication" + ], + "it": [ + "domesticazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adaptation to intimate association with human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double decomposition", + "double decomposition reaction", + "metathesis" + ], + "it": [ + "interversione", + "metatesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction between two compounds in which parts of each are interchanged to form two new compounds (AB+CD=AD+CB)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double replacement reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction between two compounds where the positive ion of one compound is exchanged with the positive ion of another compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubling" + ], + "it": [ + "raddoppiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase by a factor of two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ], + "it": [ + "deriva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual departure from an intended course due to external influences (as a ship or plane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of linguistic change over a period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry plate", + "dry plate process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former photographic method that used a glass plate coated with a light-sensitive gelatinous emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melioration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the linguistic process in which over a period of time a word grows more positive in connotation or more elevated in meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyadic operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation on exactly two operands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebb", + "ebbing", + "wane" + ], + "it": [ + "declino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual decline (in size or strength or power or number)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eburnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change that occurs in degenerative joint disease in which bone is converted into a dense smooth substance resembling ivory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecchymosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the escape of blood from ruptured blood vessels into the surrounding tissue to form a purple or black-and-blue spot on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steady growth in the productive capacity of the economy (and so a growth of national income)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process affecting the production and development and management of material wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shortening of the uterine cervix and thinning of its walls as it is dilated during labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effervescence" + ], + "it": [ + "effervescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of bubbling as gas escapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculation" + ], + "it": [ + "eiaculazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discharge of semen in males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrodeposition" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodeposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deposition of a substance on an electrode by the action of electricity (especially by electrolysis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolysis" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrolisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a chemical decomposition reaction produced by passing an electric current through a solution containing ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic data processing", + "EDP" + ], + "it": [ + "E.E.D.", + "EDP", + "Elaborazione Elettronica dei Dati", + "elaborazione elettronica di dati", + "electronic data processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "automatic data processing by electronic means without the use of tabulating cards or punched tapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrophoresis", + "cataphoresis", + "dielectrolysis", + "ionophoresis" + ], + "it": [ + "elettroforesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motion of charged particles in a colloid under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge go to the cathode and negative to the anode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic precipitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that removes suspended dust particles from a gas by applying a high voltage electrostatic charge to the particles and collecting them on charged plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination", + "evacuation", + "excretion", + "excreting", + "voiding" + ], + "it": [ + "escrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily process of discharging waste matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction in which a molecule decomposes to two different molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elision" + ], + "it": [ + "elisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omission of a sound between two words (usually a vowel and the end of one word or the beginning of the next)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ellipsis", + "eclipsis" + ], + "it": [ + "ellissi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omission or suppression of parts of words or sentences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of extracting one material from another by washing with a solvent to remove adsorbed material from an adsorbent (as in washing of loaded ion-exchange resins to remove captured ions); used to obtain uranium ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergent evolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of entirely new properties at certain critical stages in the course of evolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emission" + ], + "it": [ + "emissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the release of electrons from parent atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encapsulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of enclosing (as in a capsule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoergic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reaction occurring with absorption of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endothermic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction accompanied by the absorption of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enuresis", + "urinary incontinence" + ], + "it": [ + "enuresi", + "incontinenza notturna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to control the flow of urine and involuntary urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological change in the mineral content of rock after the rock has formed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of hair; the result of removing hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epitaxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growing a crystal layer of one mineral on the crystal base of another mineral in such a manner that its crystalline orientation is the same as that of the substrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erosion", + "eroding", + "eating away", + "wearing", + "wearing away" + ], + "it": [ + "erosione", + "rodimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)" + ], + "it": [ + "processo di consunzione ad opera di agenti atmosferici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual decline of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythropoiesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of producing red blood cells by the stem cells in the bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establishment", + "ecesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europeanization", + "Europeanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "europeizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assimilation into European culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eutrophication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive nutrients in a lake or other body of water, usually caused by runoff of nutrients (animal waste, fertilizers, sewage) from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life; the decomposition of the plants depletes the supply of oxygen, leading to the death of animal life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evolution", + "organic evolution", + "phylogeny", + "phylogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "evoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution", + "instruction execution" + ], + "it": [ + "esecuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the process of carrying out an instruction by a computer" + ], + "it": [ + "fase in cui le istruzioni di un programma vengono eseguite dal computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exoergic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reaction accompanied by the evolution of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exothermic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction accompanied by the evolution of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectoration" + ], + "it": [ + "espettorazione", + "spurgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of coughing up and spitting out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential decay", + "exponential return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease that follows an exponential function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the process of expressing a gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraction" + ], + "it": [ + "estrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravasation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of exuding or passing out of a vessel into surrounding tissues; said of blood or lymph or urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farrow", + "farrowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of a litter of pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat metabolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metabolic process that breaks down ingested fats into fatty acids and glycerol and then into simpler compounds that can be used by cells of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feedback" + ], + "it": [ + "feedback", + "retroazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminization", + "feminisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming feminized; the development of female characteristics (loss of facial hair or breast enlargement) in a male because of hormonal disorders or castration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festering", + "suppuration", + "maturation" + ], + "it": [ + "suppuramento", + "suppurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the formation of morbific matter in an abscess or a vesicle and the discharge of pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrinolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a normal ongoing process that dissolves fibrin and results in the removal of small blood clots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emission of electrons that are stripped from parent atoms by a high electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow into something (as a container)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filtration" + ], + "it": [ + "feltrazione", + "filtraggio", + "filtrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire", + "flame", + "flaming" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco", + "fiamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fission", + "nuclear fission" + ], + "it": [ + "fissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fission" + ], + "it": [ + "scissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction of some unicellular organisms by division of the cell into two more or less equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissiparity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction of some multicellular organisms by division, as in the case of some starfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed-cycle operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that is completed in a specified number of regularly timed execution cycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ], + "it": [ + "fiammata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden burst of flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating-point operation", + "flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arithmetic operation performed on floating-point numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flocculation" + ], + "it": [ + "flocculazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of flocculating; forming woolly cloudlike aggregations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any uninterrupted stream or discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradual internal motion or deformation of a solid body (as by heat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focalization", + "focalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the confinement of an infection to a limited area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "folding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological process that causes a bend in a stratum of rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the arrangement of leaflike layers in a rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliation", + "leafing" + ], + "it": [ + "fogliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the process of forming leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreground processing", + "foregrounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the execution of a program that preempts the use of the processing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural process that causes something to form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossilization", + "fossilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of fossilizing a plant or animal that existed in some earlier age; the process of being turned to stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractional distillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fractionation of a liquid by distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractionation", + "fractional process" + ], + "it": [ + "frazionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that uses heat to separate a substance into its components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the condition of a file that is broken up and stored in many different locations on a magnetic disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "freezing" + ], + "it": [ + "congelamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze-drying", + "lyophilization", + "lyophilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of drying food or blood plasma or pharmaceuticals or tissue without destroying their physical structure; material is frozen and then warmed in a vacuum so that the ice sublimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost", + "icing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of frost or ice on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructification" + ], + "it": [ + "fruttificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bearing of fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion", + "nuclear fusion", + "nuclear fusion reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the merging of adjacent sounds or syllables or words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galactosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the secretion of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanization", + "galvanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulation with a galvanic current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development and maturation of sex cells through meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasification" + ], + "it": [ + "gasificazione", + "gassificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of changing into gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gassing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of interacting with gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric digestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of breaking down proteins by the action of the gastric juice in the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geological process", + "geologic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a natural process whereby geological features are modified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germination", + "sprouting" + ], + "it": [ + "buttata", + "germinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaciation" + ], + "it": [ + "glaciazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of covering the earth with glaciers or masses of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riss glaciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next-to-last Pleistocene glaciation in the Alps and the deposits laid down at that time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saale glaciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next-to-last Pleistocene glaciation in northern Europe and the deposits laid down at that time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolstonian glaciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next-to-last Pleistocene glaciation in Britain and the deposits laid down at that time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globalization", + "globalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth to a global or worldwide scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "global warming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere (especially a sustained increase that causes climatic changes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation in animals of glycogen from glucose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and releases energy for the body in the form of ATP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the production of (semiconductor) crystals by slow crystallization from the molten state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth", + "growing", + "maturation", + "development", + "ontogeny", + "ontogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "crescita", + "embriogenesi", + "evoluzione", + "ontogenesi", + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth" + ], + "it": [ + "espansione", + "sviluppo", + "crescita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progression from simpler to more complex forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female parthenogenesis in which the embryo contains only maternal chromosomes due to the failure of the sperm to fuse with the egg nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haber process", + "Haber-Bosch process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial process for producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen by combining them under high pressure in the presence of an iron catalyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general form or mode of growth (especially of a plant or crystal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardening", + "solidifying", + "solidification", + "set", + "curing" + ], + "it": [ + "assodamento", + "solidificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch", + "hatching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of young from an egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "healing" + ], + "it": [ + "cicatrizzazione", + "saldamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural process by which the body repairs itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat dissipation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissipation of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heating", + "warming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming warmer; a rising temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemagglutination", + "haemagglutination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agglutination of red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematochezia", + "haematochezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passage of stools containing blood (as from diverticulosis or colon cancer or peptic ulcer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematopoiesis", + "haematopoiesis", + "hemopoiesis", + "haemopoiesis", + "hemogenesis", + "haemogenesis", + "hematogenesis", + "haematogenesis", + "sanguification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of blood cells in the living body (especially in the bone marrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemimetamorphosis", + "hemimetabolism", + "hemimetaboly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomplete or partial metamorphosis in insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterometabolism", + "heterometaboly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "development of insects with incomplete metamorphosis in which no pupal stage precedes maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemolysis", + "haemolysis", + "hematolysis", + "haematolysis" + ], + "it": [ + "emolisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lysis of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heredity" + ], + "it": [ + "ereditarietà", + "eredità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biological process whereby genetic factors are transmitted from one generation to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterospory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of both microspores and megaspores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holometabolism", + "holometaboly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete metamorphosis in insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homospory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of a single kind of asexual spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which human beings are involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of the formation of humus from plant remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydration" + ], + "it": [ + "idratazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of combining with water; usually reversible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocracking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby hydrocarbon molecules of petroleum are broken down into kerosene and gasolene by the addition of hydrogen under high pressure in the presence of a catalyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrolysis" + ], + "it": [ + "idrolisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds; involves the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion from the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperhidrosis", + "hyperidrosis", + "polyhidrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive and profuse perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersecretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive secretion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostasis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipostasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accumulation of blood in an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostasis", + "epistasis" + ], + "it": [ + "epistasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suppression of a gene by the effect of an unrelated gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealization", + "idealisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that splits something you are ambivalent about into two representations--one good and one bad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition" + ], + "it": [ + "accensione", + "ignizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of initiating combustion or catching fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbibition" + ], + "it": [ + "imbibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the absorption of a liquid by a solid or gel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoelectrophoresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrophoresis to separate antigens and antibodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implantation", + "nidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(embryology) the organic process whereby a fertilized egg becomes implanted in the lining of the uterus of placental mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnation", + "saturation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of totally saturating something with a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inactivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of rendering inactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incontinence", + "incontinency" + ], + "it": [ + "incontinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntary urination or defecation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase", + "increment", + "growth" + ], + "it": [ + "accrescimento", + "aumento", + "incremento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incrustation", + "encrustation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of a crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induction heating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heating of a conducting material caused by an electric current induced in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic series of mechanical or chemical operations that produce or manufacture something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indweller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activation by an inner spirit or force or principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflation", + "rising prices" + ], + "it": [ + "inflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general and progressive increase in prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the erosion of soil as a consequence of sand and dust and loose rocks being removed by the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflationary spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an episode of inflation in which prices and wages increase at an increasing rate and currency rapidly loses value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflationary spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an episode of deflation in which prices and wages decrease at an increasing rate and currency gains in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflow", + "influx" + ], + "it": [ + "afflusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of flowing in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infructescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruiting stage of the inflorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the process whereby nerves can retard or prevent the functioning of an organ or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inpouring", + "inpour", + "inrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspissation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of thickening by dehydration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufflation" + ], + "it": [ + "insufflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) blowing air or medicated powder into the lungs (or into some other body cavity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrated data processing", + "IDP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "automatic data processing in which data acquisition and other stages or processing are integrated into a coherent system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intellectualization", + "intellectualisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that uses reasoning to block out emotional stress and conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal combustion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combustion of fuel inside a cylinder (as in an internal-combustion engine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forcing of molten rock into fissures or between strata of an earlier rock formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intumescence", + "intumescency", + "swelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the increase in volume of certain substances when they are heated (often accompanied by release of water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intussusception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) growth in the surface area of a cell by the deposit of new particles between existing particles in the cell wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invagination", + "introversion", + "intussusception", + "infolding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the folding in of an outer layer so as to form a pocket in the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical process in which the direction of optical rotation of a substance is reversed from dextrorotatory to levorotary or vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduction in size of an organ or part (as in the return of the uterus to normal size after childbirth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the substitution or addition of iodine atoms in organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ion exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "scambio ionico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid; widely used in industrial processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionization", + "ionisation" + ], + "it": [ + "ionizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of ionizing; the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreversible process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process that is not reversible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoagglutination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agglutination of an agglutinogen of one individual by a serum from another individual of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isogamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) reproduction by the union or fusion of gametes of the same size and structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which memory of an unacceptable act or impulse is separated from the emotion originally associated with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iteration", + "looping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) executing the same set of instructions a given number of times or until a specified result is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iteration", + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a single execution of a set of instructions that are to be repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juvenescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of growing into a youth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytokinesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karyokinesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic process consisting of the division of the nucleus of a cell during mitosis or meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karyolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disintegration and dissolution of a cell nucleus when a cell dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katamorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metamorphism that occurs at or near the earth's surface; breaks down complex minerals into simpler ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratinization", + "keratinisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic process by which keratin is deposited in cells and the cells become horny (as in nails and hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krebs cycle", + "Krebs citric acid cycle", + "citric acid cycle", + "tricarboxylic acid cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in all plants and animals: a series of enzymatic reactions in mitochondria involving oxidative metabolism of acetyl compounds to produce high-energy phosphate compounds that are the source of cellular energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimation", + "lachrymation", + "tearing", + "watering" + ], + "it": [ + "lacrimazione", + "lagrimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shedding tears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactation" + ], + "it": [ + "lattazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamaze method of childbirth", + "Lamaze method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method that prepares a mother for natural childbirth; the pregnant woman (in classes and at home) practices (usually with the help of a coach) and learns about the physiology of childbirth and techniques of relaxation, concentration, and breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laying", + "egg laying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of eggs (especially in birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leach", + "leaching" + ], + "it": [ + "lisciviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of leaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak", + "wetting", + "making water", + "passing water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a euphemism for urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leboyer method of childbirth", + "Leboyer method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of childbirth that tries to minimize the trauma for the newborn; delivery occurs in a quiet dimly lit room and the infant's head is not pulled and immediate bonding between mother and child is encouraged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leeway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a ship or plane) sideways drift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptotene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage of the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicalization", + "lexicalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of making a word to express a concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a real or apparent slow oscillation of a moon or satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclo biologico", + "ciclo vitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the course of developmental changes in an organism from fertilized zygote to maturity when another zygote can be produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage of photosynthesis during which energy from light is used for the production of ATP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line feed" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "avanzamento di una interlinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation that prepares for the next character to be printed or displayed on the next line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process involved in human language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquefaction" + ], + "it": [ + "liquefazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of a solid or a gas into a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processing data that is given in the form of chained lists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithuresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passing small stones with the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic operation", + "logical operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that follows the rules of symbolic logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradual decline in amount or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphopoiesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and lymph nodes and thymus and spleen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysis" + ], + "it": [ + "lisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recuperation in which the symptoms of an acute disease gradually subside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysogenization", + "lysogenisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process by which a bacterium acquires a phage that becomes integrated into its genome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maceration" + ], + "it": [ + "maceratoio", + "macerazione", + "macero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "softening due to soaking or steeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macroevolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evolution on a large scale extending over geologic era and resulting in the formation of new taxonomic groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetization", + "magnetisation", + "magnetic induction" + ], + "it": [ + "calamitazione", + "magnetizzamento", + "magnetizzazione", + "polarizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process that makes a substance magnetic (temporarily or permanently)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threshold operation in which each operand is 0 or 1; output is 1 if and only if more than half the operands have the value 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malabsorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginalization", + "marginalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process of becoming or being made marginal (especially as a group within the larger society)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market forces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interaction of supply and demand that shapes a market economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Markov chain", + "Markoff chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Markov process for which the parameter is discrete time values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Markov process", + "Markoff process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple stochastic process in which the distribution of future states depends only on the present state and not on how it arrived in the present state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masculinization", + "masculinisation", + "virilization", + "virilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "mascolinizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abnormal development of male sexual characteristics in a female (usually as the result of hormone therapies or adrenal malfunction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialization", + "materialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of coming into being; becoming reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maturation", + "ripening", + "maturement" + ], + "it": [ + "maturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coming to full development; becoming mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanism", + "chemical mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meiosis", + "miosis", + "reduction division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; the nucleus divides into four nuclei each containing half the chromosome number (leading to gametes in animals and spores in plants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming mellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meltdown", + "nuclear meltdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor resulting in the core melting and radiation escaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menorrhagia", + "hypermenorrhea" + ], + "it": [ + "ipermenorrea", + "menorragia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation; can be a symptom of uterine tumors and can lead to anemia if prolonged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menstruation", + "menses", + "menstruum", + "catamenia", + "period", + "flow" + ], + "it": [ + "mestruazione", + "regola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolism", + "metabolic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphism" + ], + "it": [ + "metamorfismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in the structure of rock by natural agencies such as pressure or heat or introduction of new chemical substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphosis", + "metabolism" + ], + "it": [ + "metamorfosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the marked and rapid transformation of a larva into an adult that occurs in some animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphase" + ], + "it": [ + "metafase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second stage of mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second stage of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metastasis" + ], + "it": [ + "metastasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spreading of a disease (especially cancer) to another part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metathesis" + ], + "it": [ + "metatesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic process of transposition of sounds or syllables within a word or words within a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microevolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evolution resulting from small specific genetic changes that can lead to a new subspecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microphoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transduction of sound waves into electrical waves (by a microphone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micturition", + "urination" + ], + "it": [ + "minzione", + "orinata", + "orinazione", + "urinata", + "urinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discharge of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mildew", + "mold", + "mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming mildewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral extraction", + "mineral processing", + "mineral dressing", + "ore processing", + "ore dressing", + "beneficiation" + ], + "it": [ + "arricchimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crushing and separating ore into valuable substances or waste by any of a variety of techniques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitosis" + ], + "it": [ + "mitosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molt", + "molting", + "moult", + "moulting", + "ecdysis" + ], + "it": [ + "muda", + "muta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periodic shedding of the cuticle in arthropods or the outer skin in reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monadic operation", + "unary operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation with exactly one operand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogenesis", + "sporulation" + ], + "it": [ + "sporulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asexual reproduction by the production and release of spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphallaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regeneration on a reduced scale of a body part; observed especially in invertebrates such as certain lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "differentiation and growth of the structure of an organism (or a part of an organism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplex operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation in which two or more activities are interleaved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplication" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplica", + "moltiplicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multiplicative increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiprocessing", + "parallel processing" + ], + "it": [ + "multielaborazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simultaneous processing by two or more processing units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiprogramming", + "concurrent execution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the execution of two or more computer programs by a single computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelinization", + "myelinisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of a myelin sheath around a nerve fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowing" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural childbirth" + ], + "it": [ + "parto naturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "labor and childbirth without medical intervention; no drugs are given to relieve pain or aid the birth process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural process", + "natural action", + "action", + "activity" + ], + "it": [ + "processo naturale", + "attività", + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social process of adopting (or being forced to adopt) Nazism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disintegration and dissolution of dead tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative feedback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feedback in opposite phase with (decreasing) the input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pathological process that results in the formation and growth of a tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of nerve tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralization", + "neutralisation", + "neutralization reaction", + "neutralisation reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base interact with the formation of a salt; with strong acids and bases the essential reaction is the combination of hydrogen ions with hydroxyl ions to form water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation that prepares for the next character to be printed or displayed as the first character on the next line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrification" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oxidation of ammonium compounds in dead organic material into nitrates and nitrites by soil bacteria (making nitrogen available to plants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemical process in which a nitro group is added to an organic compound (or substituted for another group in an organic compound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circulation of nitrogen; nitrates from the soil are absorbed by plants which are eaten by animals that die and decay returning the nitrogen back to the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen fixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen by soil bacteria and its release for plant use on the death of the bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nocturia", + "nycturia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive urination at night; especially common in older men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ejaculation during sleep (usually during a dream)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondevelopment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of normal development to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondisjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meiosis in which there is a failure of paired homologous chromosomes to separate; results in an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosedive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden sharp drop or rapid decline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a process that alters the energy or structure or composition of atomic nuclei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleosynthesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the cosmic synthesis of atoms more complex than the hydrogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutrition" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentazione", + "nutrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the organic process of nourishing or being nourished; the processes by which an organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and maintenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsolescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming obsolete; falling into disuse or becoming out of date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligomenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally light or infrequent menstruation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oliguria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "production of an abnormally small amount of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omission", + "deletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process whereby sounds or words are left out of spoken words or phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "oogenesi", + "ovogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "development of ova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming cloudy or opaque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-hearth process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process for making steel using an open-hearth furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) data processing in which the result is completely specified by a rule (especially the processing that results from a single instruction)" + ], + "it": [ + "azione specificata da un'opportuna istruzione in un programma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation", + "functioning", + "performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process or manner of functioning or operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opsonization", + "opsonisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process whereby opsonins make an invading microorganism more susceptible to phagocytosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic process", + "biological process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process occurring in living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of organ formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of mountain formation (especially by the upward displacement of the earth's crust)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of oscillating between states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osmosis" + ], + "it": [ + "osmosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology, chemistry) diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse osmosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a method of producing pure water; a solvent passes through a semipermeable membrane in a direction opposite to that for natural osmosis when it is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure greater than the osmotic pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossification" + ], + "it": [ + "ossificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the developmental process of bone formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming rigidly fixed in a conventional pattern of thought or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the calcification of soft tissue into a bonelike material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lysis of bone caused by disease or infection or inadequate blood supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outflow", + "effluence", + "efflux" + ], + "it": [ + "efflusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of flowing out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overactivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcompensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) an attempt to overcome a real or imagined defect or unwanted trait by overly exaggerating its opposite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overflow incontinence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urinary incontinence that occurs when the bladder is so full that it continually leaks urine; often attributable to a blocked urethra (e.g., due to prostate enlargement) or weak bladder muscles or nerve damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overheating" + ], + "it": [ + "surriscaldamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovulation" + ], + "it": [ + "ovulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expulsion of an ovum from the ovary (usually midway in the menstrual cycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidation", + "oxidization", + "oxidisation" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of oxidizing; the addition of oxygen to a compound with a loss of electrons; always occurs accompanied by reduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidation-reduction", + "oxidoreduction", + "redox" + ], + "it": [ + "ossido-riduzione", + "ossidoriduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reversible chemical reaction in which one reaction is an oxidation and the reverse is a reduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidative phosphorylation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzymatic process in cell metabolism that synthesizes ATP from ADP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygenation" + ], + "it": [ + "ossigenazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of providing or combining or treating with oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachytene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third stage of the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair production", + "pair creation", + "pair formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transformation of a gamma-ray photon into an electron and a positron when the photon passes close to an atomic nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palingenesis", + "recapitulation" + ], + "it": [ + "palingenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emergence during embryonic development of various characters or structures that appeared during the evolutionary history of the strain or species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper chromatography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chromatography that uses selective adsorption on a strip of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper electrophoresis", + "carrier electrophoresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrophoresis carried out on filter paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel operation", + "simultaneous operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simultaneous execution of two or more operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parthenocarpy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the development of a fruit without fertilization or seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parthenogenesis", + "parthenogeny" + ], + "it": [ + "partenogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual; common among insects and some other arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parthenogenesis", + "parthenogeny", + "virgin birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "human conception without fertilization by a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parturition", + "birth", + "giving birth", + "birthing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of giving birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "nosogenesi", + "patogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the origination and development of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathologic process", + "pathological process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic process occurring as a consequence of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any social process undertaken by governments who want their citizens to believe they are trying to avoid armed hostilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeing", + "pee", + "pissing", + "piss" + ], + "it": [ + "pisciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptization", + "peptisation" + ], + "it": [ + "peptizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of converting to a sol; bringing to a colloidal solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolation", + "infiltration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slow passage of a liquid through a filtering medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perennation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of living through a number of years (as a perennial plant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peristalsis", + "vermiculation" + ], + "it": [ + "peristalsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of wavelike muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permeation", + "pervasion", + "suffusion" + ], + "it": [ + "compenetrazione", + "saturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of permeating or infusing something with a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perspiration", + "sweating", + "diaphoresis", + "sudation", + "hidrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting a salty fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrifaction", + "petrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of turning some plant material into stone by infiltration with water carrying mineral particles without changing the original shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phagocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process in which phagocytes engulf and digest microorganisms and cellular debris; an important defense against infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase change", + "phase transition", + "state change", + "physical change" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio di stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase of cell division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage in meiosis or mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photochemical reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction produced by the action of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoelectric emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the release or absorption of quanta above a certain energy level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photography" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of producing images of objects on photosensitive surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photomechanics", + "photoplate making" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby printing surfaces (plates or cylinders) are produced by photographic methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photosynthesis" + ], + "it": [ + "fotosintesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthesis of compounds with the aid of radiant energy (especially in plants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deposition of pigment in animals or plants or human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process by which certain cells can engulf and incorporate droplets of fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitting", + "roughness", + "indentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of the placenta in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of erosion whereby a level surface is produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process involving fixation and dehydration and forced impregnation and hardening of biological tissues; water and lipids are replaced by curable polymers (silicone or epoxy or polyester) that are subsequently hardened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymerization", + "polymerisation" + ], + "it": [ + "polimerizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer or polymeric compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in the number of people who inhabit a territory or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden sharp increase in the relative numbers of a population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive feedback", + "regeneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feedback in phase with (augmenting) the input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potentiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the synergistic effect of two drugs given simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder photography", + "powder method", + "powder technique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process for identifying minerals or crystals; a small rod is coated with a powdered form of the substance and subjected to suitably modified X-rays; the pattern of diffracted rings is used for identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precession of the equinoxes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow westward shift of the equinoxes along the plane of the ecliptic caused by precession of the Earth's axis of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prechlorination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chlorination prior to another chemical process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of forming a chemical precipitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precocious dentition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teething at an earlier age than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premature ejaculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ejaculation during the early stages of sexual excitement or soon after the insertion of the penis into the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that saves organic substances from decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that controls the printing or display of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priority processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing in which the operations performed are determined by a system of priorities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preparing or putting through a prescribed procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professionalization", + "professionalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process whereby people come to engage in an activity for pay or as a means of livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your own traits and emotions are attributed to someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proliferation" + ], + "it": [ + "proliferazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth by the rapid multiplication of parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proliferation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid increase in number (especially a rapid increase in the number of deadly weapons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage of mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proteolysis" + ], + "it": [ + "proteolisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psilosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "falling out of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychoanalytic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that is assumed to occur in psychoanalytic theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for the origin and development of almost any aspect of the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development in the life of an individual of some disorder that is caused by psychological rather than physiological factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychomotor development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "progressive acquisition of skills involving both mental and motor activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychosexual development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the process during which personality and sexual behavior mature through a series of stages: first oral stage and then anal stage and then phallic stage and then latency stage and finally genital stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptyalism" + ], + "it": [ + "ptialismo", + "scialorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive flow of saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid and abundant increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullulation", + "gemmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asexual reproduction in which a local growth on the surface or in the body of the parent becomes a separate individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrochemical process", + "pyrochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processes for chemical reactions at high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrupling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase by a factor of four" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quellung", + "quellung reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the swelling of the capsule surrounding a microorganism after reaction with an antibody; the basis of certain tests for identifying microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of showing signs of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintupling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increasing by a factor of five" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiant heating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heating a building by radiation from panels containing hot water or electrical heaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation", + "radioactivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiography", + "skiagraphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of making a radiograph; producing an image on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "molecular disintegration resulting from radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the washing away of soil or other loose material by rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marked recovery of strength or spirits during an illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stochastic process consisting of a sequence of changes each of whose characteristics (as magnitude or direction) is determined by chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalization", + "rationalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously develops attitudes and behavior that are the opposite of unacceptable repressed desires and impulses and serve to conceal them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Read method of childbirth", + "Read method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of natural childbirth that assumes it is a normal process and that the pain is largely psychological; involves education and breathing exercises to foster relaxation and other exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real-time processing", + "real-time operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data processing fast enough to keep up with an outside process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the process of refinement or purification of a substance by distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deposition from one deposit to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reducing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of excess weight (as by dieting); becoming slimmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduction", + "reducing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refilling", + "replenishment", + "replacement", + "renewal" + ], + "it": [ + "ricarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filling again by supplying what has been used up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refining", + "refinement", + "purification" + ], + "it": [ + "affinaggio", + "affinazione", + "depurazione", + "raffinamento", + "raffinatura", + "raffinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflation of currency after a period of deflation; restore the system to a previous state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigeration", + "infrigidation" + ], + "it": [ + "refrigerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of cooling or freezing (e.g., food) for preservative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regeneration" + ], + "it": [ + "rigenerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression" + ], + "it": [ + "regressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which you flee from reality by assuming a more infantile state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(embryology) the ability of an early embryo to continue normal development after its structure has been somehow damaged or altered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxation", + "relaxation behavior" + ], + "it": [ + "distensione", + "rilassamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the exponential return of a system to equilibrium after a disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process that liberates or discharges something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repression" + ], + "it": [ + "repressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduction" + ], + "it": [ + "procreazione", + "riproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of generating offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resorption", + "reabsorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(photography) the formation of a network of cracks or wrinkles in a photographic emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrieval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the operation of accessing information from the computer's memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stovepiping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retrieval of information from unconnected databases; the situation that exists when it is necessary to climb out of one database in order to climb down into another; sometimes used for protection against wandering hackers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reuptake", + "re-uptake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of using up or consuming again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversible process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process in which a system can be made to pass through the same states in the reverse order when the process is reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigor mortis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular stiffening that begins 2 to 4 hours after death and lasts for about 4 days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripening", + "aging", + "ageing" + ], + "it": [ + "invecchiamento", + "maturazione", + "stagionamento", + "stagionatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquiring desirable qualities by being left undisturbed for some time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rooting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of putting forth roots and beginning to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust", + "rusting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the secretion of saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the leaping movement of sand or soil particles as they are transported in a fluid medium over an uneven surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saponification" + ], + "it": [ + "saponificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reaction in which an ester is heated with an alkali (especially the alkaline hydrolysis of a fat or oil to make soap)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of translating photographs into a digital form that can be recognized by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scattering" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical process in which particles are deflected haphazardly as a result of collisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizogony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asexual reproduction by multiple fission; characteristic of many sporozoan protozoans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search", + "lookup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that determines whether one or more of a set of items has a specified property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emission of electrons from a surface that is bombarded by higher energy primary electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretion", + "secernment" + ], + "it": [ + "secreto", + "secrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the separation of paired alleles during meiosis so that members of each pair of alleles appear in different gametes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitization", + "sensitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the process of becoming highly sensitive to specific events or situations (especially emotional events or situations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of forming a chelate or other stable compound with an ion or atom or molecule so that it is no longer available for reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial operation", + "sequential operation", + "consecutive operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sequential execution of operations one after another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sequential processing by two or more processing units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sericulture" + ], + "it": [ + "sericoltura", + "sericultura", + "seticoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raising silkworms in order to obtain raw silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual reproduction", + "amphimixis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction involving the union or fusion of a male and a female gamete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaping", + "defining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any process serving to define the shape of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shedding", + "sloughing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby something is shed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shit", + "dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse term for defecation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(technology) a process that acts to absorb or remove energy or a substance from a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinking spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary decline in health or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slippage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease of transmitted power in a mechanical system caused by slipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slippage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decline from a standard level of performance or achievement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slump", + "slack", + "drop-off", + "falloff", + "falling off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noticeable deterioration in performance or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke", + "smoking" + ], + "it": [ + "fumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon being produced by combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak", + "soakage", + "soaking" + ], + "it": [ + "ammollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming softened and saturated as a consequence of being immersed in water (or other liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process involved in the formation of groups of persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softening" + ], + "it": [ + "ammollimento", + "ammorbidimento", + "rammollimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil erosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the washing away of soil by the flow of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solvay process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial process for producing sodium carbonate from sodium chloride and ammonia and carbon dioxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process in which one substance takes up or holds another (by either absorption or adsorption)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sort", + "sorting" + ], + "it": [ + "smistamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that segregates items into groups according to a specified criterion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(technology) a process by which energy or a substance enters a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of something's existence or from which it derives or is derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming sour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spallation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a nuclear reaction in which a bombarded nucleus breaks up into many particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialization", + "specialisation", + "differentiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the structural adaptation of some body part for a particular function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evolution of a biological species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuously accelerating change in the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "spermatogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "development of spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoilage", + "spoiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming spoiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spontaneous combustion" + ], + "it": [ + "autoaccensione", + "autocombustione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignition of a substance (as oily rags) resulting from an internal oxidation process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagflation" + ], + "it": [ + "stagflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of slow economic growth and high unemployment (stagnation) while prices rise (inflation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stalinization", + "Stalinisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social process of adopting (or being forced to adopt) the policies and practices of Joseph Stalin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stationary stochastic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stochastic process in which the distribution of the random variables is the same for any value of the variable parameter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making steel from pig iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffening", + "rigidifying", + "rigidification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming stiff or rigid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the effect of a stimulus (on nerves or organs etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stochastic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical process involving a number of random variables depending on a variable parameter (which is usually time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the process of storing information in a computer memory or on a magnetic tape or disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratification" + ], + "it": [ + "stratificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forming or depositing in layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress incontinence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urinary incontinence that occurs when involuntary pressure is put on the bladder by coughing or laughing or sneezing or lifting or straining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succession", + "ecological succession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the process whereby multiple stimuli can produce a response (in a muscle or nerve or other part) that one stimulus alone does not produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the deposition of one geological stratum on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply" + ], + "it": [ + "offerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offering goods and services for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure to develop some part or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survival", + "survival of the fittest", + "natural selection", + "selection" + ], + "it": [ + "selezione naturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a growing together of parts or structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synapsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncretism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fusion of originally different inflected forms (resulting in a reduction in the use of inflections)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronous operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operations that are initiated predictably by a clock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syneresis", + "synaeresis" + ], + "it": [ + "sineresi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the separation of liquid from a gel that is caused by contraction (as in cheese making)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syneresis", + "synaeresis" + ], + "it": [ + "crasi", + "sineresi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contraction of two vowels into a diphthong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synergy", + "synergism" + ], + "it": [ + "sinergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the working together of two things (muscles or drugs for example) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synizesis", + "synezesis" + ], + "it": [ + "sinizesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contraction of chromatin towards one side of the nucleus during the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesis" + ], + "it": [ + "sintesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process in which skin pigmentation darkens as a result of exposure to ultraviolet light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teething", + "dentition", + "odontiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eruption through the gums of baby teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i107999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telophase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final stage of mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telophase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final stage of meiosis when the chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process whereby the degree of hotness of a body (or medium) changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teratogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of defects in an embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thaw", + "melt", + "thawing", + "melting" + ], + "it": [ + "fusione", + "scioglimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermionic emission", + "thermal emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emission of electrons from very hot substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermocoagulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congealing tissue by heat (as by electric current)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermonuclear reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear fusion reaction taking place at very high temperatures (as in the sun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation performed on operands in order to obtain the value of a threshold function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of breaking up and dissolving blood clots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top fermentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent kind of alcoholic fermentation at a temperature high enough to carry the yeast cells to the top of the fermenting liquid; used in the production of ale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of transfering an amino group from one compound to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of transposing an amino group within a chemical compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of complementary DNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby a transducer accepts energy in one form and gives back related energy in a different form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the process of transfering genetic material from one cell to another by a plasmid or bacteriophage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protein folding", + "folding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby a protein molecule assumes its intricate three-dimensional shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an exchange of chromosome parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transport of dissolved material within a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpiration" + ], + "it": [ + "traspirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage of gases through fine tubes because of differences in pressure or temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of giving off or exhaling water vapor through the skin or mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange of molecules (and their kinetic energy and momentum) across the boundary between adjacent layers of a fluid or across cell membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase by a factor of three" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumefaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of tumefying; the organic process whereby tissue becomes swollen by the accumulation of fluid within it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulceration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of ulcer formation; the process of becoming ulcerated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultracentrifugation" + ], + "it": [ + "ultracentrifugazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "centrifugation at very high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underdevelopment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(photography) inadequate processing of film resulting in inadequate contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfolding", + "flowering" + ], + "it": [ + "fioritura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a developmental process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union", + "conglutination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "healing process involving the growing together of the edges of a wound or the growing together of broken bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uptake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of taking up or using up or consuming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanization", + "urbanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urge incontinence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urinary incontinence that is generally attributable to involuntary contracts of the bladder muscle resulting in an urgent need to urinate accompanied by a sudden loss of urine; most common in people over 60 years of age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urochesia", + "urochezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passage of urine from the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of varying or being varied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaporization", + "vaporisation", + "vapor", + "vapour", + "evaporation" + ], + "it": [ + "evaporamento", + "evaporazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascularization", + "vascularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic process whereby body tissue becomes vascular and develops capillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of growth in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesiculation", + "vesication", + "blistering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of vesicles in or beneath the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicious circle", + "vicious cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo vizioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one trouble leads to another that aggravates the first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "video digitizing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of capturing and converting and storing video images for use by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby fermentation changes grape juice into wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitrification" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of becoming vitreous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulcanization", + "vulcanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcanizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process of treating rubber or rubberlike materials with sulphur at great heat to improve elasticity and strength or to harden them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washout", + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the erosive process of washing away soil or gravel by water (as from a roadway)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wastage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of wasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Westernization", + "Westernisation" + ], + "it": [ + "occidentalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assimilation of Western culture; the social process of becoming familiar with or converting to the customs and practices of Western civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widening", + "broadening" + ], + "it": [ + "allargamento", + "allargatura", + "ampliamento", + "espansione", + "slargamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word processing" + ], + "it": [ + "videoscrittura", + "word processing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid and efficient processing (storage and printing) of linguistic data for composition and editing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygotene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second stage of the prophase of meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zymosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the development and spread of an infectious disease (especially one caused by a fungus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zymosis", + "zymolysis", + "fermentation", + "fermenting", + "ferment" + ], + "it": [ + "fermentazione alcolica", + "ribollimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamental quantity", + "fundamental measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four quantities that are the basis of systems of measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definite quantity" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "quantità definita", + "quantità determinata", + "quantità specifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific measure of amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indefinite quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimated quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity relative to some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system of measurement", + "metric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of related measures that facilitates the quantification of some particular characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system of weights and measures" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of measurement for length and weight and duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Imperial System", + "English system", + "British system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of weights and measures based on the foot and pound and second and pint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter and the kilogram and the second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cgs", + "cgs system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of measurement based on centimeters and grams and seconds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Systeme International d'Unites", + "Systeme International", + "SI system", + "SI", + "SI unit", + "International System of Units", + "International System" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete metric system of units of measurement for scientists; fundamental quantities are length (meter) and mass (kilogram) and time (second) and electric current (ampere) and temperature (kelvin) and amount of matter (mole) and luminous intensity (candela)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Customary System" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of weights and measures based on the foot and pound and second and pint that dates back to colonial America but differs in some respects from the British Imperial System; today in the United States this system exists side by side with the SI system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of graduating sizes of type in multiples of the point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of measurement of information based on the probabilities of the events that convey information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandwidth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baud", + "baud rate" + ], + "it": [ + "baud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a data transmission rate (bits/second) for modems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of wood in an area as measured in cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octane number", + "octane rating" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di ottani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the antiknock properties of gasoline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a measure that is to be maximized in any situation involving choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginal utility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) the amount that utility increases with an increase of one unit of an economic good or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enough", + "sufficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity sufficient to satisfy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normality", + "N" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a solution) concentration expressed in gram equivalents of solute per liter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority", + "absolute majority" + ], + "it": [ + "maggioranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(elections) more than half of the votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plurality", + "relative majority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in an election with more than 2 options) the number of votes for the candidate or party receiving the greatest number (but less that half of the votes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute value", + "numerical value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore assoluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a real number regardless of its sign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the amount of free acid present in fat as measured by the milligrams of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the quantity of chlorine or other halides in water (especially seawater)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concept of quantity involving zero and units" + ], + "it": [ + "ente astratto usato per determinare quantitativamente, con precisione, le grandezze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quire" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of paper; 24 or 25 sheets" + ], + "it": [ + "ventesima parte di una risma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ream" + ], + "it": [ + "risma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of paper; 480 or 500 sheets; one ream equals 20 quires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solubility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent (yielding a saturated solution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree to which something is poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytotoxicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree to which something is toxic to living cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit of measurement", + "unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura", + "unità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measuring unit", + "measuring block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for the fineness of silk or nylon or rayon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diopter", + "dioptre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of the refractive power of a lens which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in meters; used by oculists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karat", + "carat", + "kt" + ], + "it": [ + "carato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unit of measurement for the proportion of gold in an alloy; 18-karat gold is 75% gold; 24-karat gold is pure gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal" + ], + "it": [ + "decimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number in the decimal system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constant" + ], + "it": [ + "costante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avogadro's number", + "Avogadro number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of molecules in a mole of a substance (approximately 602,250,000,000,000,000,000,000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boltzmann's constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constant used in the calculation of the ideal gas constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient" + ], + "it": [ + "coefficiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constant number that serves as a measure of some property or characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption coefficient", + "coefficient of absorption", + "absorptance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the rate of decrease in the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (as light) as it passes through a given substance; the fraction of incident radiant energy absorbed per unit mass or thickness of an absorber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag coefficient", + "coefficient of drag" + ], + "it": [ + "coefficiente di resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the drag on a body moving through air to the product of the velocity and the surface area of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of friction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the weight of an object being moved along a surface and the force that maintains contact between the object and the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of mutual induction", + "mutual inductance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the induction between two circuits; the ratio of the electromotive force in a circuit to the corresponding change of current in a neighboring circuit; usually measured in henries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of self induction", + "self-inductance" + ], + "it": [ + "autoinduttanza", + "induttanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the electromotive force produced in a circuit by self-induction to the rate of change of current producing it, expressed in henries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a coefficient that expresses how much of a specified property is possessed by a specified substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of elasticity", + "modulus of elasticity", + "elastic modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the ratio of the applied stress to the change in shape of an elastic body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulk modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the change in pressure acting on a volume to the fractional change in volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulus of rigidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coefficient of elasticity for a shearing force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young's modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coefficient of elasticity applicable to the stretching of a wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of expansion", + "expansivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fractional change in length or area or volume per unit change in temperature at a given constant pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of reflection", + "reflection factor", + "reflectance", + "reflectivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fraction of radiant energy that is reflected from a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmittance", + "transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fraction of radiant energy that passes through a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of viscosity", + "absolute viscosity", + "dynamic viscosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the resistance to flow of a fluid under an applied force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight", + "weighting" + ], + "it": [ + "momento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) a coefficient assigned to elements of a frequency distribution in order to represent their relative importance" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei valori di una successione di numeri, associati a una distribuzione di probabilitá per caratterizzarne le proprietá" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmological constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arbitrary constant in the equations of general relativity theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibrium constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the ratio of concentrations when equilibrium is reached in a reversible reaction (when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociation constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the equilibrium constant for a reversible dissociation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas constant", + "universal gas constant", + "R" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to 8.3143 joules per kelvin per mole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitational constant", + "universal gravitational constant", + "constant of gravitation", + "G" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the universal constant relating force to mass and distance in Newton's law of gravitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubble's constant", + "Hubble constant", + "Hubble's parameter", + "Hubble parameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the ratio of the speed of recession of a galaxy (due to the expansion of the universe) to its distance from the observer; the Hubble constant is not actually a constant, but is regarded as measuring the expansion rate today" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionic charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charge on an ion is equal to a constant charge e multiplied by an integer from 1 to 15" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planck's constant", + "h" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constant of proportionality relating the energy of a photon to its frequency; approximately 6.626 x 10^-34 joule-second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidation number", + "oxidation state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for simple atoms or ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the number of elements in a set or group (considered as a property of that grouping)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total number counted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete number or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a count of troops killed in an operation or time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(library science) the count of books that are loaned by a library over a specified period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head count", + "headcount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "number of people in a particular group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollen count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of pollen grains (usually ragweed) in a standard volume of air over a twenty-four hour period and a specified time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of sperm in an ejaculate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor" + ], + "it": [ + "fattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "factor by which a quantity that is expressed in one set of units must be multiplied in order to convert it into another set of units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor of proportionality", + "constant of proportionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constant value of the ratio of two proportional quantities x and y; usually written y = kx, where k is the factor of proportionality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fibonacci number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number in the Fibonacci sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime", + "prime quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that has no factor but itself and 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prime factors of a quantity are all of the prime quantities that will exactly divide the given quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero primo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that has no integral factors but itself and 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composite number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that is divisible without remainder by at least one positive integer other than itself and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "punteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that expresses the accomplishment of a team or an individual in a game or contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the unit of scoring in golf is the act of hitting the ball with a club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a score of one stroke under par on a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a score of one stroke over par on a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the score by which a team or individual is losing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-bogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a score of two strokes over par for a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck", + "duck's egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cricket) a score of nothing by a batsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a score of two strokes under par on a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a score of three strokes under par on a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(games) the score at a particular point or the score needed to win" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the score by which a team or individual is winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love" + ], + "it": [ + "zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score of zero in tennis or squash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the score needed to win a match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "par" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the standard number of strokes set for each hole on a golf course, or for the entire course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity expressed in two different units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinal number", + "ordinal", + "no." + ], + "it": [ + "n", + "n.", + "ordinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number designating place in an ordered sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first", + "number one", + "number 1" + ], + "it": [ + "primo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first element in a countable series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal number", + "cardinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of elements in a mathematical set; denotes a quantity but not the order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "radix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating-point number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number represented in floating-point notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed-point number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number represented in fixed-point notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency", + "absolute frequency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of observations in a given statistical category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "googol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardinal number represented as 1 followed by 100 zeros (ten raised to the power of a hundred)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "googolplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardinal number represented as 1 followed by a googol of zeros (ten raised to the power of a googol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero atomico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of an element in Mendeleyev's table of the elements; equal to the number of protons in the nucleus or electrons in the neutral state of an atom of an element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atomic number of an extra stable strongly bound atomic nucleus: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 or 126" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baryon number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number equal to the difference between the number of baryons and the number of antibaryons in any subatomic structure; it is conserved in all types of particle interactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quota" + ], + "it": [ + "aliquota", + "quota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prescribed number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetization", + "magnetisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent or degree to which something is magnetized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the strength of a magnetic field over a given area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit for measuring absorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceleration unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit for measuring acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area unit", + "square measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of units used to measure areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volume unit", + "capacity unit", + "capacity measure", + "cubage unit", + "cubic measure", + "cubic content unit", + "displacement unit", + "cubature unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of volume or capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubic inch", + "cu in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume equal to a cube one inch on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubic foot", + "cu ft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume equal to a cube one foot on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer memory unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit for measuring computer memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic unit", + "emu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various systems of units for measuring electricity and magnetism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any unit for measuring the force of explosions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of physical force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear unit", + "linear measure" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura lineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric unit", + "metric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decimal unit of measurement of the metric system (based on meters and kilograms and seconds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miles per gallon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance traveled in a vehicle powered by one gallon of gasoline or diesel fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaflop", + "MFLOP", + "million floating point operations per second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a unit for measuring the speed of a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teraflop", + "trillion floating point operations per second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a unit for measuring the speed of a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MIPS", + "million instructions per second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a unit for measuring the execution speed of a computer's CPU (but not the whole system)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit measuring the intensity of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit measuring force per unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any acoustic unit of measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for telephone use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight unit", + "weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit used to measure weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit of viscosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for viscosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work unit", + "heat unit", + "energy unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "langley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unit of solar radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brinell number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure of the hardness of a material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brix scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for measuring the concentration of sugar solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unit of counting in scoring a game or contest" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle unità che costituiscono l'elemento di valutazione nelle gare, negli sport, nelle quotazioni di borsa, nei concorsi ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) first point scored after deuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) the final point needed to win a set in tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match point" + ], + "it": [ + "match point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) the final point needed to win a match (especially in tennis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of acoustic absorption equivalent to the absorption by a square foot of a surface that absorbs all incident sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circular measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of angles in radians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angular unit used in artillery; equal to 1/6400 of a complete revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree", + "arcdegree" + ], + "it": [ + "grado angolare", + "grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure for arcs and angles" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura angolare che corrisponde a 1/360 di circonferenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second", + "arcsecond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 60th part of a minute of arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute", + "arcminute", + "minute of arc" + ], + "it": [ + "minuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of angular distance equal to a 60th of a degree" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura di angolo, pari a un sessantesimo di grado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microradian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of angular distance equal to one thousandth of a milliradian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliradian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of angular distance equal to one thousandth of a radian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radian", + "rad" + ], + "it": [ + "radiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unit of plane angle adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites; equal to the angle at the center of a circle subtended by an arc equal in length to the radius (approximately 57.295 degrees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grad", + "grade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-hundredth of a right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxtant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of angular distance equal to half a quadrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of angular distance equal to 60 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle of 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steradian", + "sr" + ], + "it": [ + "steradiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unit of solid angle adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square inch", + "sq in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of area equal to one inch by one inch square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square foot", + "sq ft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of area equal to one foot by one foot square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square yard", + "sq yd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of area equal to one yard by one yard square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square meter", + "square metre", + "centare" + ], + "it": [ + "centiara", + "m2", + "metro quadro", + "mq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a centare is 1/100th of an are" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of 640 acres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land unit equal to 1 square mile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land unit equal to a quarter of a section (160 acres) and measuring 1/2 mile on a side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acre" + ], + "it": [ + "acro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of area (4840 square yards) used in English-speaking countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "are", + "ar" + ], + "it": [ + "ara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of surface area equal to 100 square meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectare" + ], + "it": [ + "ettaro", + "ha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(abbreviated `ha') a unit of surface area equal to 100 ares (or 10,000 square meters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arpent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former French unit of area; equal approximately to an acre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn", + "b" + ], + "it": [ + "barn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a unit of nuclear cross section; the effective circular area that one particle presents to another as a target for an encounter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessiatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Russian unit of area equal to 2.7 acres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morgen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South African unit of measure equal to about 2 acres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch", + "rod", + "pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square rod of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid unit", + "liquid measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacity for liquids (for measuring the volumes of liquids or their containers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry unit", + "dry measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacity for dry commodities (as fruit or grain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States liquid unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid unit officially adopted in the United States Customary System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British capacity unit", + "Imperial capacity unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measure for capacity officially adopted in the British Imperial System; British units are both dry and wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric capacity unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capacity unit defined in metric terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ardeb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of dry measure used in Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid measure (with different values) used in some Spanish speaking countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Hebrew liquid measure equal to about 10 gallons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capacity unit used for measuring fresh herring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephah", + "epha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Hebrew unit of dry measure equal to about a bushel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum amount of water that a particular soil can hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homer", + "kor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Hebrew unit of capacity equal to 10 baths or 10 ephahs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Hebrew unit of liquid measure = 1.5 gallons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fathom", + "fthm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mining) a unit of volume (equal to 6 cubic feet) used in measuring bodies of ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acre-foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume of water that would cover 1 acre to a depth of 1 foot; 43,560 cubic feet or 1233.5 cubic meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acre inch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one twelfth of an acre-foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of units for measuring lumber based on the board foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume of a piece of wood 1 foot square and 1 inch thick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board measure = 1980 board feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubic yard", + "yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of volume (as for sand or gravel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacity for grain equal to 80 bushels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutchkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scottish unit of liquid measure equal to 0.9 United States pint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish liquid unit equal to 1.3 pints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States liquid unit equal to 1/60 fluidram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidram", + "fluid dram", + "fluid drachm", + "drachm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacity or volume in the apothecary system equal to one eighth of a fluid ounce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidounce", + "fluid ounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States unit of capacity or volume equal to 1.804 cubic inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill" + ], + "it": [ + "gill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States liquid unit equal to 4 fluid ounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States liquid unit equal to 8 fluid ounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pint" + ], + "it": [ + "pinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States liquid unit equal to 16 fluid ounces; two pints equal one quart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quart" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "quarto di gallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States liquid unit equal to 32 fluid ounces; four quarts equal one gallon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallon", + "gal" + ], + "it": [ + "gallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States liquid unit equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel", + "bbl" + ], + "it": [ + "barile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various units of capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States dry unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of capacity for dry substances officially adopted in the United States Customary System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pint", + "dry pint" + ], + "it": [ + "pinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States dry unit equal to 0.5 quart or 33.6 cubic inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quart", + "dry quart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States dry unit equal to 2 pints or 67.2 cubic inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peck" + ], + "it": [ + "peck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States dry measure equal to 8 quarts or 537.605 cubic inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushel" + ], + "it": [ + "bushel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States dry measure equal to 4 pecks or 2152.42 cubic inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 1/60th fluid dram or 0.059194 cubic centimeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidram", + "fluid dram", + "fluid drachm", + "drachm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 60 minims or 3.5516 cubic centimeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidounce", + "fluid ounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial unit of capacity or volume (liquid or dry) equal to 8 fluid drams or 28.416 cubic centimeters (1.734 cubic inches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill" + ], + "it": [ + "gill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity unit (liquid or dry) equal to 5 fluid ounces or 142.066 cubic centimeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pint" + ], + "it": [ + "pinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 4 gills or 568.26 cubic centimeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 2 pints or 1.136 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallon", + "Imperial gallon", + "congius" + ], + "it": [ + "gallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 4 quarts or 4.545 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peck" + ], + "it": [ + "peck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 2 gallons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushel" + ], + "it": [ + "bushel", + "staio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 4 pecks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British unit of capacity equal to 9 imperial gallons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilderkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete British unit of capacity equal to 18 Imperial gallons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarter of a hundredweight (28 pounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogshead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British unit of capacity for alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaldron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 36 bushels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubic millimeter", + "cubic millimetre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 millimeter on each edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliliter", + "millilitre", + "mil", + "ml", + "cubic centimeter", + "cubic centimetre", + "cc" + ], + "it": [ + "cc", + "centimetro cubo", + "mL", + "millilitro", + "ml" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume equal to one thousandth of a liter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centiliter", + "centilitre", + "cl" + ], + "it": [ + "centilitro", + "cl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume equal to one hundredth of a liter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deciliter", + "decilitre", + "dl" + ], + "it": [ + "decilitro", + "dl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume equal to one tenth of a liter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liter", + "litre", + "l", + "cubic decimeter", + "cubic decimetre" + ], + "it": [ + "L", + "l", + "litro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dekaliter", + "dekalitre", + "decaliter", + "decalitre", + "dal", + "dkl" + ], + "it": [ + "decalitro", + "decilitro", + "dl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 10 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectoliter", + "hectolitre", + "hl" + ], + "it": [ + "ettolitro", + "hl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 100 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiloliter", + "kilolitre", + "cubic meter", + "cubic metre" + ], + "it": [ + "chilolitro", + "kilolitro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 1000 liters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubic kilometer", + "cubic kilometre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacity equal to the volume of a cube one kilometer on each edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of information (from binary + digit); the amount of information in a system having two equiprobable states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity bit", + "parity", + "check bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a bit that is used in an error detection procedure in which a 0 or 1 is added to each group of bits so that it will have either an odd number of 1's or an even number of 1's; e.g., if the parity is odd then any group of bits that arrives with an even number of 1's must contain an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nybble", + "nibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small byte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "byte" + ], + "it": [ + "bicarattere", + "byte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of 8 bits (enough to represent one character of alphanumeric data) processed as a single unit of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "isolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a sector or group of sectors that function as the smallest data unit permitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a block (usually one sector) that cannot reliably hold data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allocation unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of sectors on a magnetic disk that can be reserved for the use of a particular file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partition" + ], + "it": [ + "partizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the part of a hard disk that is dedicated to a particular operating system or application and accessed as a single unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word is a string of bits stored in computer memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilobyte", + "kibibyte", + "K", + "KB", + "kB", + "KiB" + ], + "it": [ + "Kbyte", + "chilobyte", + "k", + "kilobyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilobyte", + "K", + "KB", + "kB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilobit", + "kbit", + "kb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibibit", + "kibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megabyte", + "mebibyte", + "M", + "MB", + "MiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 kibibytes or 2^20 (1,048,576) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megabyte", + "M", + "MB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 kilobytes or 10^6 (1,000,000) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megabit", + "Mbit", + "Mb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 kilobits or 10^6 (1,000,000) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mebibit", + "Mibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 kibibits or 2^20 (1,048,576) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigabyte", + "gibibyte", + "G", + "GB", + "GiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 mebibytes or 2^30 (1,073,741,824) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigabyte", + "G", + "GB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 megabytes or 10^9 (1,000,000,000) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigabit", + "Gbit", + "Gb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 megabits or 10^9 (1,000,000,000) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibibit", + "Gibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 mebibits or 2^30 (1,073,741,824) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terabyte", + "tebibyte", + "TB", + "TiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 gibibytes or 2^40 (1,099,511,627,776) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terabyte", + "TB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 gigabytes or 10^12 (1,000,000,000,000) bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terabit", + "Tbit", + "Tb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 gigabits or 10^12 (1,000,000,000,000) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tebibit", + "Tibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 gibibits or 2^40 (1,099,511,627,776) bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petabyte", + "pebibyte", + "PB", + "PiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 tebibytes or 2^50 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petabyte", + "PB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 terabytes or 10^15 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petabit", + "Pbit", + "Pb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 terabits or 10^15 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pebibit", + "Pibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 tebibits or 2^50 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exabyte", + "exbibyte", + "EB", + "EiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 pebibytes or 2^60 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exabyte", + "EB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 petabytes or 10^18 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exabit", + "Ebit", + "Eb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 petabits or 10^18 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exbibit", + "Eibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 pebibits or 2^60 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zettabyte", + "zebibyte", + "ZB", + "ZiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 exbibytes or 2^70 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zettabyte", + "ZB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 exabytes or 10^21 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zettabit", + "Zbit", + "Zb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 exabits or 10^21 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebibit", + "Zibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 exbibits or 2^70 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yottabyte", + "yobibyte", + "YB", + "YiB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 zebibytes or 2^80 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yottabyte", + "YB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 zettabytes or 10^24 bytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yottabit", + "Ybit", + "Yb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1000 zettabits or 10^24 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yobibit", + "Yibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of information equal to 1024 zebibits or 2^80 bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the capacity of a circuit component to store charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge unit", + "quantity unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the quantity of electricity (determined by the amount of an electric current and the time for which it flows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of a material's ability to conduct an electrical charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "current unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the amount of electric charge flowing past a circuit point at a specific time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reciprocal of capacitance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field strength unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electromagnetic unit of magnetic intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux density unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the amount of flux per unit of cross sectional area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux unit", + "magnetic flux unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the strength of a magnetic field per unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inductance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the property of an electric circuit by which an electromotive force is induced in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the visible electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetomotive force unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement of magnetomotive force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potential unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the potential energy of a unit charge at a given point in a circuit relative to a reference point (ground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of electric power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactivity unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of radioactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reciprocal of conductance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various units of electricity based on forces of interaction between electric charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picofarad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacitance equal to one trillionth of a farad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microfarad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacitance equal to one millionth of a farad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millifarad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of capacitance equal to one thousandth of a farad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farad", + "F" + ], + "it": [ + "F", + "farad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacitance of a capacitor that has an equal and opposite charge of 1 coulomb on each plate and a voltage difference of 1 volt between the plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abfarad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capacitance unit equal to one billion farads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coulomb", + "C", + "ampere-second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical charge equal to the amount of charge transferred by a current of 1 ampere in 1 second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abcoulomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical charge equal to 10 coulombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampere-minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of charge equal to 60 coulombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampere-hour" + ], + "it": [ + "amperora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of charge equal to 3600 coulombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mho", + "siemens", + "reciprocal ohm", + "S" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of conductance equal to the reciprocal of an ohm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampere", + "amp", + "A" + ], + "it": [ + "ampere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of electric current adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliampere", + "mA" + ], + "it": [ + "mA", + "milliampere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousandth of an ampere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abampere", + "abamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of current equal to 10 amperes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampere", + "international ampere" + ], + "it": [ + "ampere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former unit of electric current (slightly smaller than the SI ampere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daraf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of elastance equal to the reciprocal of a farad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic field strength equal to one-hundred-thousandth of an oersted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oersted" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magnetic field strength 1 cm from a unit magnetic pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxwell", + "Mx" + ], + "it": [ + "Mx", + "maxwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cgs unit of magnetic flux equal to the flux perpendicular to an area of 1 square centimeter in a magnetic field of 1 gauss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weber", + "Wb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic flux equal to 100,000,000 maxwells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microgauss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic flux density equal to one millionth of a gauss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauss" + ], + "it": [ + "gauss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic flux density equal to 1 maxwell per square centimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tesla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic flux density equal to one weber per square meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abhenry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of inductance equal to one billionth of a henry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millihenry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of inductance equal to one thousandth of a henry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henry", + "H" + ], + "it": [ + "henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illumination unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminance unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of luminance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminous flux unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of luminous flux per unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminous intensity unit", + "candlepower unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of luminous intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intensity of light falling on a photographic film or plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footcandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of illuminance on a surface that is everywhere 1 foot from a point source of 1 candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambert", + "L" + ], + "it": [ + "L", + "lambert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cgs unit of illumination equal to the brightness of a perfectly diffusing surface that emits or reflects one lumen per square centimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lux", + "lx" + ], + "it": [ + "lux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of illumination equal to 1 lumen per square meter; 0.0929 foot candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phot" + ], + "it": [ + "fot", + "phot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of illumination equal to 1 lumen per square centimeter; 10,000 phots equal 1 lux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nit" + ], + "it": [ + "nit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a luminance unit equal to 1 candle per square meter measured perpendicular to the rays from the source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot-lambert", + "ft-L" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former luminance unit equal to one lumen per square foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumen", + "lm" + ], + "it": [ + "lumen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of luminous flux equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle of 1 steradian by a point source of 1 candela intensity radiating uniformly in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candle", + "candela", + "cd", + "standard candle" + ], + "it": [ + "candela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of luminous intensity adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites; equal to 1/60 of the luminous intensity per square centimeter of a black body radiating at the temperature of 2,046 degrees Kelvin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international candle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former international unit of luminous intensity; now replaced by the candela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilbert", + "Gb", + "Gi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetomotive force equal to 0.7958 ampere-turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampere-turn" + ], + "it": [ + "amperspira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetomotive force equal to the magnetomotive force produced by the passage of 1 ampere through 1 complete turn of a coil; equal to 1.257 gilberts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magneton" + ], + "it": [ + "magnetone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of magnetic moment of a molecular or atomic or subatomic particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abvolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one-hundred-millionth of a volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millivolt", + "mV" + ], + "it": [ + "mV", + "millivolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one thousandth of a volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microvolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one millionth of a volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanovolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one billionth of a volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picovolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one trillionth of a volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femtovolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to one quadrillionth of a volt (or one thousandth of a nanosecond)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volt", + "V" + ], + "it": [ + "volt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt; equivalent to the potential difference across a resistance of 1 ohm when 1 ampere of current flows through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilovolt", + "kV" + ], + "it": [ + "chilovolt", + "kilovolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of potential equal to a thousand volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rydberg", + "rydberg constant", + "rydberg unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave number characteristic of the wave spectrum of each element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reciprocal of the wavelength of a wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abwatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power unit equal to the power dissipated when 1 abampere flows across a potential difference of 1 abvolt (one ten-thousandth of a milliwatt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliwatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of power equal to one thousandth of a watt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watt", + "W" + ], + "it": [ + "watt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of power equal to 1 joule per second; the power dissipated by a current of 1 ampere flowing across a resistance of 1 ohm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilowatt", + "kW" + ], + "it": [ + "chilowatt", + "kW", + "kiloWatt", + "kilowatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of power equal to 1000 watts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megawatt" + ], + "it": [ + "MW", + "megawatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of power equal to one million watts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsepower", + "HP", + "H.P." + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo", + "cavallo vapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of power equal to 746 watts" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura della potenza di un motore, corrispondente a 735,5 watt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volt-ampere", + "var" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical power in an AC circuit equal to the power dissipated when 1 volt produces a current of 1 ampere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilovolt-ampere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical power equal to 1000 volt-amperes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millicurie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of radioactivity equal to one thousandth of a curie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curie", + "Ci" + ], + "it": [ + "curie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of radioactivity equal to the amount of a radioactive isotope that decays at the rate of 37,000,000,000 disintegrations per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gray", + "Gy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the SI unit of energy absorbed from ionizing radiation; equal to the absorption of one joule of radiation energy by one kilogram of matter; one gray equals 100 rad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roentgen", + "R" + ], + "it": [ + "r" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rutherford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit strength of a radioactive source equal to one million disintegrations per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "REM" + ], + "it": [ + "rem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roentgen Equivalent Man) the dosage of ionizing radiation that will cause the same amount of injury to human tissue as 1 roentgen of X-rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of absorbed ionizing radiation equal to 100 ergs per gram of irradiated material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abohm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of resistance equal to a billionth of an ohm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ohm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical resistance equal to the resistance between two points on a conductor when a potential difference of one volt between them produces a current of one ampere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megohm" + ], + "it": [ + "megaohm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of resistance equal to one million ohms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiloton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of explosive power (of an atomic weapon) equal to that of 1000 tons of TNT" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaton" + ], + "it": [ + "megaton", + "megatone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of explosive power (of an atomic weapon) equal to that of one million tons of TNT" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyne" + ], + "it": [ + "dina", + "dine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of force equal to the force that imparts an acceleration of 1 cm/sec/sec to a mass of 1 gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newton", + "N" + ], + "it": [ + "newton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of force equal to the force that imparts an acceleration of 1 m/sec/sec to a mass of 1 kilogram; equal to 100,000 dynes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sthene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of force equal to 1000 newtons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poundal", + "pdl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of force equal to the force that imparts an acceleration of 1 foot/sec/sec to a mass of 1 pound; equal to 0.1382 newtons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "lbf." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nontechnical unit of force equal to the mass of 1 pound with an acceleration of free fall equal to 32 feet/sec/sec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used only in combination) something weighing a given number of pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "g", + "gee", + "g-force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of gravitational acceleration equal to one centimeter per second per second (named after Galileo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala Beaufort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale from 0 to 12 for the force of the wind" + ], + "it": [ + "scala da 0 a 12 per misurare la forza del vento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronomy unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit used for astronomical distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric linear unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit of distance in metric terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautical linear unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit of distance used in navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inch", + "in" + ], + "it": [ + "pollice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "ft" + ], + "it": [ + "piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit of length equal to 12 inches or a third of a yard" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura di lunghezza in uso nell'anitichità, nel Medioevo, e tuttora nei paesi anglosassoni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used only in combinations) the height or length of something in feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard", + "pace" + ], + "it": [ + "iarda", + "yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yarder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used only in combinations) the height or length of something in yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch", + "rod", + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "pertica", + "pertica inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear measure of 16.5 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furlong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to 220 yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mile", + "statute mile", + "stat mi", + "land mile", + "international mile", + "mi" + ], + "it": [ + "miglio", + "miglio terrestre inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used only in combinations) the length of something in miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half mile", + "880 yards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to half of 1 mile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter mile", + "440 yards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to a quarter of 1 mile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete unit of distance of variable length (usually 3 miles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit (1/40 inch) used to measure diameter of buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former unit of length for cloth equal to 1/16 of a yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian unit of length (71 cm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kos", + "coss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in India) a unit of length having different values in different localities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish unit of length (about a yard) having different values in different localities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian unit of length (1.067 km)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable", + "cable length", + "cable's length" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nautical unit of depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gunter's chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length (22 yards)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineer's chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length (100 ft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubit" + ], + "it": [ + "cubito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient unit of length based on the length of the forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger", + "fingerbreadth", + "finger's breadth", + "digit" + ], + "it": [ + "dito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of breadth of a finger used as a linear measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fistmele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "about seven inches; the breadth of a fist with the thumb stuck out (used especially in archery to give the correct distance of the string from the bow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body length" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremum", + "peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most extreme possible amount or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to 4 inches; used in measuring horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbreadth", + "handsbreadth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any unit of length based on the breadth of the human hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length or height based on the size of a human or animal head" + ], + "it": [ + "misura corrispondente all'altezza o alla lunghezza del capo di un uomo o di un cavallo nella valutazione della statura o del distacco tra un cavallo e l'altro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length of thread or yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "li" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese distance measure; approximately 0.5 kilometers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "link" + ], + "it": [ + "maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to 1/100 of a chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of openings per linear inch of a screen; measures size of particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length equal to one thousandth of an inch; used to specify thickness (e.g., of sheets or wire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mile", + "mil", + "Swedish mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Swedish unit of length equivalent to 10 km" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mile", + "Roman mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Roman unit of length equivalent to 1620 yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Roman unit of length (4.85 English feet) measured as the distance from the heel of one foot to the heel of the same foot when next it touches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometric pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern version of the Roman pace now taken to be 5 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of a single step in marching (taken to be 30 inches for quick time or 36 inches for double time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit based on the length or width of the human hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "span" + ], + "it": [ + "spanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length based on the width of the expanded human hand (usually taken as 9 inches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a U.S. unit of measure equal to 1609.347 meters; derived from the use of 39.37 inches as the conversion for one meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light year", + "light-year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance that light travels in a vacuum in 1 year; 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46 trillion kilometers" + ], + "it": [ + "la distanza percorsa dala luce in un anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance light travels in a vacuum in one hour; approximately one billion kilometers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance light travels in a vacuum in one minute; approximately 18 million kilometers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance light travels in a vacuum in one second; approximately 300,000 kilometers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astronomical Unit", + "AU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length used for distances within the solar system; equal to the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun (approximately 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsec", + "secpar" + ], + "it": [ + "parsec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of astronomical length based on the distance from Earth at which stellar parallax is 1 second of arc; equivalent to 3.262 light years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femtometer", + "femtometre", + "fermi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one quadrillionth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picometer", + "picometre", + "micromicron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one trillionth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angstrom", + "angstrom unit", + "A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one ten billionth of a meter (or 0.0001 micron); used to specify wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanometer", + "nanometre", + "nm", + "millimicron", + "micromillimeter", + "micromillimetre" + ], + "it": [ + "micromillimetro", + "millimicron", + "nanometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one billionth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micron", + "micrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "micron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millimeter", + "millimetre", + "mm" + ], + "it": [ + "millimetro", + "mm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one thousandth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centimeter", + "centimetre", + "cm" + ], + "it": [ + "centimetro", + "cm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter" + ], + "it": [ + "La centesima parte di un metro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimeter", + "decimetre", + "dm" + ], + "it": [ + "decimetro", + "dm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to one tenth of a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter", + "metre", + "m" + ], + "it": [ + "metro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura della lunghezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decameter", + "dekameter", + "decametre", + "dekametre", + "dam", + "dkm" + ], + "it": [ + "decametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to ten meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectometer", + "hectometre", + "hm" + ], + "it": [ + "ettometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to 100 meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilometer", + "kilometre", + "km", + "klick" + ], + "it": [ + "chilometro", + "kilometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to 1000 meters (or 0.621371 miles)" + ], + "it": [ + "Unita' di misura lineare, pari a mille metri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myriameter", + "myriametre", + "mym" + ], + "it": [ + "Mm", + "miriametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of length equal to 10,000 meters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautical chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nautical unit of length (15 ft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fathom", + "fthm" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio", + "fathom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit of measurement (equal to 6 feet) for water depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautical mile", + "mile", + "mi", + "naut mi", + "knot", + "international nautical mile", + "air mile" + ], + "it": [ + "miglio marino", + "miglio nautico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of length used in navigation; exactly 1,852 meters; historically based on the distance spanned by one minute of arc in latitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautical mile", + "naut mi", + "mile", + "mi", + "geographical mile", + "Admiralty mile" + ], + "it": [ + "miglio marino", + "miglio nautico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British unit of length equivalent to 6,080 feet (1,853.184 meters); 800 feet longer than a statute mile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea mile", + "mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British unit of length once used in navigation; equivalent to 6,000 feet (1828.8 meters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halfpennyworth", + "ha'p'orth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that can be bought for a halfpenny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyworth", + "penn'orth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that can be bought for a penny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic monetary unit of most members of the European Union (introduced in 1999); in 2002 twelve European nations (Germany, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Ireland, Greece, Austria, Finland) adopted the euro as their basic unit of money and abandoned their traditional currencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 centimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractional monetary unit", + "subunit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary unit that is valued at a fraction (usually one hundredth) of the basic monetary unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afghan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria afgana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Islamic State of Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afghani" + ], + "it": [ + "afghani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pul" + ], + "it": [ + "pul", + "pul afgano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 puls equal 1 afghani in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentine monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria argentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "austral" + ], + "it": [ + "austral", + "austral argentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Argentina; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thai monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria thailandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baht", + "tical" + ], + "it": [ + "baht", + "baht thailandese", + "tical", + "tical thailandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satang" + ], + "it": [ + "satang", + "satang thailandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 satangs equal 1 baht in Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panamanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria panamense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balboa" + ], + "it": [ + "balboa", + "balboa panamense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Panama; equal to 100 centesimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethiopian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria etiopica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birr" + ], + "it": [ + "bir", + "bir etiopico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Ethiopia; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cent" + ], + "it": [ + "cent", + "cent dello Sri Lanka", + "centesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of several countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centesimo" + ], + "it": [ + "centesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of several countries: Panama and Italy and Uruguay and Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of Venezuela and Costa Rica and Equatorial Guinea and Paraguay and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of several countries: El Salvador and Sao Tome and Principe and Brazil and Argentina and Bolivia and Colombia and Cuba and the Dominican Republic and Ecuador and El Salvador and Guatemala and Honduras and Mexico and Nicaragua and Peru and the Philippines and Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centime" + ], + "it": [ + "centesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of several countries: France and Algeria and Belgium and Burkina Faso and Burundi and Cameroon and Chad and the Congo and Gabon and Haiti and the Ivory Coast and Luxembourg and Mali and Morocco and Niger and Rwanda and Senegal and Switzerland and Togo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venezuelan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria venezuelana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit of Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolivar" + ], + "it": [ + "bolivar", + "bolivar venezuelano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Venezuela; equal to 100 centimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ghanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria ghaniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit of Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedi" + ], + "it": [ + "cedi", + "cedi ghaniano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesewa" + ], + "it": [ + "pesewa", + "pesewa ghaniano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 pesewas equal 1 cedi in Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Costa Rican monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria costaricana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Costa Rica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colon", + "Costa Rican colon" + ], + "it": [ + "colon", + "colon costaricano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Costa Rica; equal to 100 centimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Salvadoran monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria salvadoregna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in El Salvador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colon", + "El Salvadoran colon" + ], + "it": [ + "colon", + "colon di El Salvador", + "colon salvadoregno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in El Salvador; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Brazil; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria gambiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dalasi" + ], + "it": [ + "dalasi", + "dalasi gambiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butut", + "butat" + ], + "it": [ + "butat", + "butat gambiano", + "butut", + "butut gambiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 bututs equal 1 dalasi in Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algerian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria algerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algerian dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro algerino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algerian centime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 centimes equal 1 dinar in Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahrainian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria bahraina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Bahrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahrain dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro bahraino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bahrain; equal to 1,000 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fils" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit in Bahrain and Iraq and Jordan and Kuwait; equal to one thousandth of a dinar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria irachena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro iracheno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Iraq; equal to 1,000 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria giordana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordanian dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro giordano", + "dinaro", + "dinaro yemenita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Jordan; equal to 1,000 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwaiti monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Kuwait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Kuwait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwaiti dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro del Kuwait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Kuwait; equal 1,000 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwaiti dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham del Kuwait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worth one tenth of a Kuwaiti dinar; equal 100 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria libanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Libya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro libanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Libya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham libanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 dirhams equal 1 dinar in Libya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunisian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria tunisina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunisian dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro tunisino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunisian dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham tunisino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 dirhams equal 1 dinar in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1,000 millimes equal 1 dinar in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslavian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria yugoslava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Yugoslavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslavian dinar", + "dinar" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro yugoslavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Yugoslavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "para" + ], + "it": [ + "para", + "para yugoslavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 para equal 1 dinar in Yugoslavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moroccan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria marocchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moroccan dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham marocchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Morocco; equal to 100 centimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Arab Emirate monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria araba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the United Arab Emirates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Arab Emirate dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham degli Emirati Arabi Uniti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the United Arab Emirates; equal to 1,000 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro australiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Australia and Nauru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahamian dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro delle Bahamas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Bahamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbados dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro delle Barbados" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Barbados" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belize dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro del Belize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Belize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro delle Bermuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bermuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunei dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro del Brunei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Brunei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of Japan and Indonesia and Cambodia; equal to one hundredth of a yen or rupiah or riel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian dollar", + "loonie" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cayman Islands dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro delle Isole Cayman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Cayman Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Dominica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fiji dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro delle Isole Fiji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Fiji" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grenada dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Grenada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guyana dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro della Guyana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hong Kong dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro di Hong Kong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Hong Kong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaican dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro giamaicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiribati dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Kiribati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberian dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro liberiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Liberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro neozelandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singapore dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro di Singapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Singapore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taiwan dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro di Taiwan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinidad and Tobago dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro di Trinidad e Tobago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Trinidad and Tobago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuvalu dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Tuvalu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro USA", + "dollaro americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurodollar" + ], + "it": [ + "eurodollaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States dollar deposited in a European bank and used as an international currency to finance trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zimbabwean dollar" + ], + "it": [ + "dollaro", + "dollaro dello Zimbabwe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vietnamese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria vietnamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dong" + ], + "it": [ + "dong", + "dong vietnamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hao" + ], + "it": [ + "hao", + "hao vietnamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "10 hao equal 1 dong in Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria greca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drachma", + "Greek drachma" + ], + "it": [ + "dracma", + "dracma greca", + "dramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepton" + ], + "it": [ + "lepton", + "lepton greco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 lepta equal 1 drachma in Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Thome e Principe monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit on Sao Tome e Principe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dobra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money on Sao Tome e Principe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Verde monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria di Capo Verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit on Cape Verde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Verde escudo", + "escudo" + ], + "it": [ + "escudo", + "escudo di Capo Verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money on Cape Verde; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria portoghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese escudo", + "escudo" + ], + "it": [ + "escudo", + "escudo portoghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic monetary unit of Portugal; equal to 100 centavo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conto" + ], + "it": [ + "conto", + "conto portoghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1 conto equals 1,000 escudos in Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria ungherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forint" + ], + "it": [ + "fiorino", + "forint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filler" + ], + "it": [ + "filler", + "filler ungherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 filler equal 1 forint in Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pengo" + ], + "it": [ + "pengo", + "pengo ungherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Hungary until it was replaced by the forint in 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco belga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benin franc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Benin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burundi franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Burundi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Burundi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cameroon franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco camerunense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Cameroon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central African Republic franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco della Repubblica Centrale Africana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Central African Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chadian franc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congo franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Congo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Djibouti franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Djibouti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Djibouti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco francese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gabon franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Gabon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Gabon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivory Coast franc", + "Cote d'Ivoire franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco della Costa d'Avorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Ivory Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luxembourg franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Lussemburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Luxembourg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascar franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Madagascar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mali franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco di Mali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niger franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco della Nigeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Niger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rwanda franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Ruanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Rwanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senegalese franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco senegalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Senegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco svizzero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Togo franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco del Togo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Togo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burkina Faso franc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Burkina Faso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haitian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria di Haiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monetary unit in Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gourde" + ], + "it": [ + "gourde", + "gourde di Haiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haitian centime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 centimes equal 1 gourde in Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paraguayan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria paraguaiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarani" + ], + "it": [ + "guarani", + "guarani paraguaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Paraguay; equal to 100 centimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria olandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilder", + "gulden", + "florin", + "Dutch florin" + ], + "it": [ + "fiorino", + "fiorino olandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in the Netherlands; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surinamese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria di Suriname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Suriname" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilder", + "gulden", + "florin" + ], + "it": [ + "fiorino", + "fiorino surinamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Suriname; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria peruviana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inti" + ], + "it": [ + "inti", + "inti peruviano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papuan monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 toea equal 1 kina in Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laotian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Laos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Laos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kip" + ], + "it": [ + "kip", + "kip del Laos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Laos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "at" + ], + "it": [ + "lat", + "lat del Laos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 at equal 1 kip in Laos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czech monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Czech Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koruna" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "corona ceca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Czech Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Repubblica Ceca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haler", + "heller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 halers equal 1 koruna in Czech Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovakian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koruna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haler", + "heller" + ], + "it": [ + "haler", + "haler ceco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 halers equal 1 koruna Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icelandic monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria islandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icelandic krona", + "krona" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "corona islandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Iceland" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dell'Islanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyrir" + ], + "it": [ + "aurar", + "aurar islandese", + "eyrir", + "eyrir islandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 aurar equal 1 krona in Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish krona", + "krona" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "corona svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Sweden" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Svezia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary subunit in Denmark and Norway and Sweden; 100 ore equal 1 krona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria danese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danish krone", + "krone" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "corona danese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Denmark" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Danimarca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria norvegese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian krone", + "krone" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "corona norvegese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Norway" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Norvegia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malawian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Malawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malawi kwacha", + "kwacha" + ], + "it": [ + "kwacha", + "kwacha malawaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tambala" + ], + "it": [ + "tambala", + "tambala malawaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tambala equal 1 kwacha in Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zambian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dello Zambia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Zambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zambian kwacha", + "kwacha" + ], + "it": [ + "kwacha", + "kwacha zambiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Zambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ngwee" + ], + "it": [ + "ngwee", + "ngwee zambiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 ngwee equal 1 kwacha in Zambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angolan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dell'Angola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kwanza" + ], + "it": [ + "kwanza", + "kwanza dell'Angola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lwei" + ], + "it": [ + "lwei", + "lwei dell'Angola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 lwei equal 1 kwanza in Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myanmar monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Union of Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kyat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Myanmar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 pyas equal 1 kyat in Myanmar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albanian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lek" + ], + "it": [ + "lek", + "lek albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qindarka", + "qintar" + ], + "it": [ + "qindarka", + "qindarka albanese", + "qintar", + "qintar albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 qindarka equal 1 lek in Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honduran monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dell'Honduras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Honduras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lempira" + ], + "it": [ + "lempira", + "lempira dell'Honduras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Honduras; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Leone monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Sierra Leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Sierra Leone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leone" + ], + "it": [ + "leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Sierra Leone; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria rumena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leu" + ], + "it": [ + "leu", + "leu rumeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ban" + ], + "it": [ + "ban", + "ban rumeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 bani equal 1 leu in Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulgarian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria bulgara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lev" + ], + "it": [ + "lev", + "lev bulgaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stotinka" + ], + "it": [ + "stotinka", + "stotinka bulgaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 stotinka equal 1 lev in Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swaziland monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Swaziland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilangeni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Swaziland; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria italiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lira", + "Italian lira" + ], + "it": [ + "lira", + "lira italiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Italy; equal to 100 centesimi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria britannica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British pound", + "pound", + "British pound sterling", + "pound sterling", + "quid" + ], + "it": [ + "lira sterlina", + "sterlina", + "sterlina inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Great Britain and Northern Ireland; equal to 100 pence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British shilling", + "shilling", + "bob" + ], + "it": [ + "shilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former monetary unit in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria turca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lira", + "Turkish lira" + ], + "it": [ + "lira", + "lira turca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kurus", + "piaster", + "piastre" + ], + "it": [ + "kuru", + "piaster", + "piastre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 kurus equal 1 lira in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asper" + ], + "it": [ + "asper", + "asper turco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "20 aspers equal 1 kurus in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesotho monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Lesotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loti" + ], + "it": [ + "loti", + "loti del Lesotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sente" + ], + "it": [ + "sente", + "sente del Lesotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 lisente equal 1 loti in Lesotho; one sente is worth one-hundredth of a loti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria tedesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark", + "German mark", + "Deutsche Mark", + "Deutschmark" + ], + "it": [ + "dm", + "marco", + "marco tedesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Germany" + ], + "it": [ + "moneta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pfennig" + ], + "it": [ + "pfennig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 pfennigs formerly equaled 1 Deutsche Mark in Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finnish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria finlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "markka", + "Finnish mark" + ], + "it": [ + "markka", + "markka finlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penni" + ], + "it": [ + "penni", + "penni finlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 pennia formerly equaled 1 markka in Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozambique monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Mozambico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Mozambique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metical" + ], + "it": [ + "metical", + "metical del Mozambico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mozambique; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigerian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria nigeriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naira" + ], + "it": [ + "naira", + "naira nigeriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kobo" + ], + "it": [ + "kobo", + "kobo nigeriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 kobos equal 1 naira in Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhutanese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria butanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Bhutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ngultrum" + ], + "it": [ + "ngultrum", + "ngultrum butanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bhutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chetrum" + ], + "it": [ + "chetrum", + "chetrum butanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 chetrums equal 1 ngultrum in Bhutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Mauritania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Mauritania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ouguiya" + ], + "it": [ + "ouguiya", + "ouguiya mauritano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mauritania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khoum" + ], + "it": [ + "khoum", + "khoum mauritano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "5 khoums equal 1 ouguiya in Mauritania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tongan monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Tonga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pa'anga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Tonga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seniti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 seniti equal 1 pa'anga in Tonga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macao monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria di Macao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Macao" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pataca" + ], + "it": [ + "pataca", + "pataca di Macao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Macao" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avo" + ], + "it": [ + "avo", + "avo di Macao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 avos equal 1 pataca in Macao" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria spagnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peseta", + "Spanish peseta" + ], + "it": [ + "peseta", + "peseta spagnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Spain; equal to 100 centimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolivian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria boliviana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boliviano" + ], + "it": [ + "boliviano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bolivia; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaraguan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Nicaragua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Nicaragua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordoba" + ], + "it": [ + "cordoba", + "cordoba nicaraguense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Nicaragua; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria cilena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso cileno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Chile; equal to 100 centesimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colombian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria colombiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colombian peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso colombiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Colombia; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria cubana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso cubano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Cuba; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Dominican Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican peso", + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Dominican Republic; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea-Bissau monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Guinea-Bissau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea-Bissau peso", + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Guinea-Bissau; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria messicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso messicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mexico; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria delle Filippine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso filippino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Philippines; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguayan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria uruguaiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Uruguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguayan peso", + "peso" + ], + "it": [ + "peso", + "peso uruguaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Uruguay; equal to 100 centesimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypriot monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria cipriota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Cyprus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypriot pound", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "sterlina", + "sterlina cipriota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Cyprus; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mil" + ], + "it": [ + "mil", + "mil cipriota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cypriot monetary unit equal to one thousandth of a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria egiziana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian pound", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "sterlina", + "sterlina egiziana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Egypt; equal to 100 piasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piaster", + "piastre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit in Egypt and Lebanon and Sudan and Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria irlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Eire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish pound", + "Irish punt", + "punt", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "sterlina", + "sterlina irlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Ireland; equal to 100 pence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lebanese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Libano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Lebanon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lebanese pound", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "sterlina", + "sterlina libanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Lebanon; equal to 100 piasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria maltese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit on Malta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lira", + "Maltese lira" + ], + "it": [ + "lira", + "lira maltese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money on Malta; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudanese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria sudanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in the Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudanese pound", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "dinaro", + "dinaro sudanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in the Sudan; equal to 100 piasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria siriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrian pound", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "sterlina", + "sterlina siriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Syria; equal to 100 piasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Botswana monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Botswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Botswana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pula" + ], + "it": [ + "pula", + "pula del Botswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Botswana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thebe" + ], + "it": [ + "thebe", + "thebe del Botswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 thebe equal 1 pula in Botswana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guatemalan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Guatemala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quetzal" + ], + "it": [ + "quetzal", + "quetzal del Guatemala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Guatemala; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South African monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria sudafricana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rand" + ], + "it": [ + "rand", + "rand sudafricano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in South Africa; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iranian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria iraniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iranian rial", + "rial" + ], + "it": [ + "rial", + "rial iraniano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iranian dinar", + "dinar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 dinars equal 1 rial in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omani monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dell'Oman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riyal-omani", + "Omani rial", + "rial" + ], + "it": [ + "riyal Omani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baiza", + "baisa" + ], + "it": [ + "baiza", + "baiza dell'Oman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1,000 baiza equal 1 riyal-omani in Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yemeni monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Yemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yemeni rial", + "rial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Yemen; equal to 100 fils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yemeni fils", + "fils" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 Yemeni fils are worth one Yemeni rial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambodian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria cambogiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Cambodia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riel" + ], + "it": [ + "riel", + "riel cambogiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Cambodia; equal to 100 sen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaysian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria della Malaysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit is Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringgit" + ], + "it": [ + "ringgit", + "ringgit della Malaysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Malaysia; equal to 100 sen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatari monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Qatar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatari riyal", + "riyal" + ], + "it": [ + "rial", + "rial del Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Qatar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatari dirham", + "dirham" + ], + "it": [ + "dirham", + "dirham del Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 dirhams equal 1 riyal in Qatar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saudi Arabian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria saudita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saudi Arabian riyal", + "riyal" + ], + "it": [ + "rial", + "rial saudita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qurush" + ], + "it": [ + "qurush", + "qurush saudita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "20 qurush equal 1 riyal in Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria russa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruble", + "rouble" + ], + "it": [ + "rublo", + "rublo russo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kopek", + "kopeck", + "copeck" + ], + "it": [ + "copeck", + "copeco", + "copeco russo", + "kopeck", + "kopek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 kopecks equal 1 ruble in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 lumma equal 1 dram in Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azerbaijani monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qepiq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 qepiq equal 1 manat in Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belarusian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Belarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Belarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kapeika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 kapeikas equal 1 rubel in Belarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Estonian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tetri equal 1 lari in Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazakhstani monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Kazakhstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Kazakhstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiyin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tiyin equal 1 tenge in Kazakhstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latvian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "santims" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 santimi equal 1 lats in Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithuanian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 centas equal 1 litas in Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyrgyzstani monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Kyrgyzstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "som" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyiyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tyiyn equal 1 som in Kyrgyzstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moldovan monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Moldova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Moldova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 bani equal 1 leu in Moldova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tajikistani monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Tajikistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Tajikistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tanga equal 1 Tajikistani ruble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkmen monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Turkmenistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Turkmenistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tenge equal 1 manat in Turkmenistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ukranian monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hryvnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kopiyka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 kopiykas equal 1 hryvnia in Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uzbekistani monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Uzbekistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "som" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Uzbekistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiyin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 tiyin equal 1 som in Uzbekistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria indiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia indiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in India; equal to 100 paise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fractional monetary unit in Bangladesh and India and Nepal and Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pakistani monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Pakistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pakistani rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia pakistana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Pakistan; equal to 100 paisa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anna" + ], + "it": [ + "anna", + "anna pakistana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former copper coin of Pakistan and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria delle Mauritius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Mauritius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritian rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia delle Mauritius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mauritius; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepalese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria nepalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepalese rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia nepalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Nepal; equal to 100 paisa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seychelles monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria delle Seychelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Seychelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seychelles rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia delle Seychelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Seychelles; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sri Lankan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dello Sri Lanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sri Lanka rupee", + "rupee" + ], + "it": [ + "rupia", + "rupia dello Sri Lanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Sri Lanka; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria indonesiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupiah" + ], + "it": [ + "rupiah", + "rupiah indonesiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Indonesia; equal to 100 sen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austrian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria austriaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schilling", + "Austrian schilling" + ], + "it": [ + "scellino", + "scellino austriaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the basic unit of money in Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groschen" + ], + "it": [ + "groschen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 groschen equal 1 schilling in Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israeli monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria israeliana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shekel" + ], + "it": [ + "shekel", + "shekel israeliano", + "siclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agora" + ], + "it": [ + "agora", + "agora israeliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 agorot equal 1 shekel in Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenyan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria keniota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenyan shilling", + "shilling" + ], + "it": [ + "scellino", + "scellino keniota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Kenya; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somalian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria somala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Somalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somalian shilling", + "shilling" + ], + "it": [ + "scellino", + "scellino somalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Somalia; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanzanian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria tanzaniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanzanian shilling", + "shilling" + ], + "it": [ + "scellino", + "scellino tanzaniano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Tanzania; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ugandan monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria ugandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Uganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ugandan shilling", + "shilling" + ], + "it": [ + "scellino", + "scellino ugandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ecuadoran monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria ecuadoriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Ecuador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucre" + ], + "it": [ + "sucre", + "sucre ecuadoriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Ecuador; equal to 100 centavos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinean monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinean franc" + ], + "it": [ + "franco", + "franco della Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangladeshi monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria del Bangladesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Bangladesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taka" + ], + "it": [ + "taka", + "taka del Bangladesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Bangladesh; equal to 100 paisa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Samoan monetary unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Western Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Western Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 sene equal 1 tala in Western Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria mongolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tugrik", + "tughrik" + ], + "it": [ + "tugrik", + "tugrik mongolico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mongo" + ], + "it": [ + "mongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 mongo equal 1 tugrik in Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Korean monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria nord coreana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in North Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Korean won", + "won" + ], + "it": [ + "won", + "won della Corea del Nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in North Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chon" + ], + "it": [ + "chon", + "chon della Corea del Nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 chon equal 1 won in North Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Korean monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria sud coreana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Korean won", + "won" + ], + "it": [ + "won", + "won della Corea del Sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chon" + ], + "it": [ + "chon", + "chon della Corea del Sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 chon equal 1 won in South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yen" + ], + "it": [ + "yen", + "yen giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Japan; equal to 100 sen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria cinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monetary unit in the People's Republic of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yuan", + "kwai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jiao" + ], + "it": [ + "yuan", + "yuan cinese", + "yuan renminb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "10 jiao equal 1 yuan in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fen" + ], + "it": [ + "fen", + "fen cinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 fen equal 1 yuan in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zairese monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria dello Zaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Zaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zaire" + ], + "it": [ + "zaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Zaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "likuta" + ], + "it": [ + "likuta", + "likuta dello Zaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 makuta equal 1 zaire in Zaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polish monetary unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità monetaria polacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monetary unit in Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zloty" + ], + "it": [ + "zloty", + "zloty polacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of money in Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grosz" + ], + "it": [ + "grosz", + "grosz polacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 groszy equal 1 zloty in Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of pain intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard atmosphere", + "atmosphere", + "atm", + "standard pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of pressure: the pressure that will support a column of mercury 760 mm high at sea level and 0 degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pascal", + "Pa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torr", + "millimeter of mercury", + "mm Hg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of pressure equal to 0.001316 atmosphere; named after Torricelli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pounds per square inch", + "psi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millibar" + ], + "it": [ + "millibar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of atmospheric pressure equal to one thousandth of a bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) a unit of pressure equal to a million dynes per square centimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura della pressione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barye", + "bar absolute", + "microbar" + ], + "it": [ + "microbar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absolute unit of pressure equal to one dyne per square centimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit used to measure the size of type; approximately 1/72 inch" + ], + "it": [ + "unitá di misura della grandezza di un carattere tipografico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "em", + "pica em", + "pica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit (1/6 inch) used in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "en", + "nut" + ], + "it": [ + "quadratino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half the width of an em" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "em", + "em quad", + "mutton quad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quad with a square body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cicero" + ], + "it": [ + "cicero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear unit of the size of type slightly larger than an em" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agate line", + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space for one line of print (one column wide and 1/14 inch deep) used to measure advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertising measure; one agate line appearing in one million copies of a publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column inch", + "inch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of measurement for advertising space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linage", + "lineage" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di righe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of lines in a piece of printed material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bel", + "B" + ], + "it": [ + "bel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithmic unit of sound intensity equal to 10 decibels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decibel", + "dB" + ], + "it": [ + "dB", + "decibel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithmic unit of sound intensity; 10 times the logarithm of the ratio of the sound intensity to some reference intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of perceived loudness equal to the loudness of a 1000-hertz tone at 40 dB above threshold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phon" + ], + "it": [ + "fon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of subjective loudness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erlang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of traffic intensity in a telephone system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree" + ], + "it": [ + "grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of temperature on a specified scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millidegree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of temperature equal to one-thousandth of a degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree centigrade", + "degree Celsius", + "C" + ], + "it": [ + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree Fahrenheit", + "F" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kelvin", + "K" + ], + "it": [ + "Kelvin", + "K" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic unit of thermodynamic temperature adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rankine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of temperature on the Rankine scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit used in estimating fuel requirements for heating a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard temperature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exactly zero degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cgs unit of dynamic viscosity equal to one dyne-second per square centimeter; the viscosity of a fluid in which a force of one dyne per square centimeter maintains a velocity of 1 centimeter per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic mass unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unit of mass for expressing masses of atoms or molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass number", + "nucleon number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di massa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system of weights", + "weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of units used to express the weight of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avoirdupois", + "avoirdupois weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of weights based on the 16-ounce pound (or 7,000 grains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avoirdupois unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the units of the avoirdupois system of weights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troy", + "troy weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of weights used for precious metals and gemstones; based on a 12-ounce pound and an ounce of 480 grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troy unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the unit of the troy system of weights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apothecaries' unit", + "apothecaries' weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any weight unit used in pharmacy; an ounce is equal to 480 grains and a pound is equal to 12 ounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric weight unit", + "weight unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decimal unit of weight based on the gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight used in some Spanish speaking countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catty", + "cattie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various units of weight used in southeastern Asia (especially a Chinese measure equal to 500 grams)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weight of a liter of hydrogen (at 0 centigrade and 760 millimeters pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weight of a frail (basket) full of raisins or figs; between 50 and 75 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight equal to 4,000 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight used in Asia; has different values in different countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek unit of weight equal to one tenth of a gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish unit of weight equal to about 2.75 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight used in some parts of Asia; approximately equal to 133 pounds (the load a grown man can carry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian unit of weight equal to approximately 36 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight used in some Moslem countries near the Mediterranean; varies between one and five pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of mass equal to the mass that accelerates at 1 foot/sec/sec when acted upon by a force of 1 pound; approximately 14.5939 kilograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight used in east Asia approximately equal to 1.3 ounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight for wool equal to about 28 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welterweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight of 28 pounds; sometimes imposed as a handicap in a horse race (such as a steeplechase)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/7000 pound; equals a troy grain or 64.799 milligrams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/16 ounce or 1.771 grams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ounce", + "oz." + ], + "it": [ + "oncia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight equal to one sixteenth of a pound or 16 drams or 28.349 grams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "lb" + ], + "it": [ + "libbra", + "libra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "16 ounces avoirdupois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of apothecary weight equal to 12 ounces troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "8 ounces avoirdupois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "4 ounces avoirdupois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avoirdupois unit used to measure the weight of a human body; equal to 14 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarter of a hundredweight (25 pounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundredweight", + "cwt", + "long hundredweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British unit of weight equivalent to 112 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundredweight", + "cwt", + "short hundredweight", + "centner", + "cental", + "quintal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States unit of weight equivalent to 100 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long ton", + "ton", + "gross ton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British unit of weight equivalent to 2240 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short ton", + "ton", + "net ton" + ], + "it": [ + "tonnellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States unit of weight equivalent to 2000 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiloton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousand tons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one million tons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ], + "it": [ + "grano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/60 dram; equals an avoirdupois grain or 64.799 milligrams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of apothecary weight equal to 20 grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of apothecary weight equal to 24 grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dram", + "drachm", + "drachma" + ], + "it": [ + "dramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of apothecary weight equal to an eighth of an ounce or to 60 grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ounce", + "troy ounce", + "apothecaries' ounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of apothecary weight equal to 480 grains or one twelfth of a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troy pound", + "apothecaries' pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apothecary weight equal to 12 ounces or 373.242 grams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microgram", + "mcg" + ], + "it": [ + "microgrammo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one millionth (1/1,000,000) gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milligram", + "mg" + ], + "it": [ + "milligramma", + "milligrammo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousandth (1/1,000) gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanogram", + "ng" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one billionth (1/1,000,000,000) gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain", + "metric grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight unit used for pearls or diamonds: 50 mg or 1/4 carat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decigram", + "dg" + ], + "it": [ + "decigramma", + "decigrammo", + "dg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/10 gram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carat" + ], + "it": [ + "carato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight for precious stones = 200 mg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gram", + "gramme", + "gm", + "g" + ], + "it": [ + "g", + "gramma", + "grammo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gram atom", + "gram-atomic weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of an element whose weight in grams is numerically equal to the atomic weight of the element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gram molecule", + "mole", + "mol" + ], + "it": [ + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the molecular weight of a substance expressed in grams; the basic unit of amount of substance adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dekagram", + "decagram", + "dkg", + "dag" + ], + "it": [ + "decagramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "10 grams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectogram", + "hg" + ], + "it": [ + "etto", + "ettogrammo", + "hg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 grams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilogram", + "kg", + "kilo" + ], + "it": [ + "chilo", + "chilogrammo", + "kg", + "kilogrammo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousand grams; the basic unit of mass adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ], + "it": [ + "unita' di misura di peso e di massa, pari a mille grammi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kilogram of a narcotic drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myriagram", + "myg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one ten thousandth of a centner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some European countries: a unit of weight equivalent to 50 kilograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundredweight", + "metric hundredweight", + "doppelzentner", + "centner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight equal to 100 kilograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintal" + ], + "it": [ + "quintale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight equal to 100 kilograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric ton", + "MT", + "tonne", + "t" + ], + "it": [ + "t" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of weight equivalent to 1000 kilograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erg" + ], + "it": [ + "erg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cgs unit of work or energy; the work done by a force of one dyne acting over a distance of one centimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron volt", + "eV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of energy equal to the work done by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of 1 volt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joule", + "J", + "watt second" + ], + "it": [ + "joule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calorie", + "gram calorie", + "small calorie" + ], + "it": [ + "caloria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree centigrade at atmospheric pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calorie", + "kilogram calorie", + "kilocalorie", + "large calorie", + "nutritionist's calorie" + ], + "it": [ + "chilocaloria", + "grande caloria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree at one atmosphere pressure; used by nutritionists to characterize the energy-producing potential in food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British thermal unit", + "BTU", + "B.Th.U." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of heat equal to the amount of heat required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at one atmosphere pressure; equivalent to 251.997 calories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of heat equal to 100,000 British thermal units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watt-hour" + ], + "it": [ + "watt-ora", + "wattora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of energy equal to the power of one watt operating for one hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilowatt hour", + "kW-hr", + "Board of Trade unit", + "B.T.U." + ], + "it": [ + "KiloWattora", + "chilowattora", + "kWh", + "kilowattora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of energy equal to the work done by a power of 1000 watts operating for one hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot-pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of work equal to a force of one pound moving through a distance of one foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i108999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot-ton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "2240 foot-pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot-poundal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of work equal to a force of one poundal moving through a distance of one foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsepower-hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of work equal to the work done by one horsepower in one hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilogram-meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of work equal to the work done by a one kilogram force operating through a distance of one meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero naturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number 1 and any other number obtained by adding 1 to it repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integer", + "whole number" + ], + "it": [ + "intero", + "numero intero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the natural numbers (positive or negative) or zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addend" + ], + "it": [ + "addendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that is added to another number (the augend)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number to which another number (the addend) is added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minuend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number from which the subtrahend is subtracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtrahend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number to be subtracted from the minuend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remainder", + "difference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex number", + "complex quantity", + "imaginary number", + "imaginary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a number of the form a+bi where a and b are real numbers and i is the square root of -1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex conjugate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two complex numbers whose real parts are identical and whose imaginary parts differ only in sign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real number", + "real" + ], + "it": [ + "numero reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any rational or irrational number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pure imaginary number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary number of the form a+bi where a is 0" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaginary part", + "imaginary part of a complex number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a complex number that has the square root of -1 as a factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absolute value of a complex number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rational number", + "rational" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer or a fraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrational number", + "irrational" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a real number that cannot be expressed as a rational number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcendental number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrational number that is not algebraic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algebraic number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root of an algebraic equation with rational coefficients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square", + "second power" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of two equal terms" + ], + "it": [ + "il prodotto di due termini uguali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube", + "third power" + ], + "it": [ + "cubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of three equal terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biquadrate", + "biquadratic", + "quartic", + "fourth power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an algebraic equation of the fourth degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a quantity expressed as the root of another quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ], + "it": [ + "radice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that, when multiplied by itself some number of times, equals a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square root" + ], + "it": [ + "radice quadrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number" + ], + "it": [ + "un numero che moltiplicato per sè stesso risulta in un numero dato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube root" + ], + "it": [ + "radice cubica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that when multiplied three times equals a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraction" + ], + "it": [ + "frazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quotient of two rational numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common fraction", + "simple fraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quotient of two integers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerator" + ], + "it": [ + "numeratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dividend of a fraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dividend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number to be divided by another number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denominator" + ], + "it": [ + "denominatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the divisor of a fraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divisor" + ], + "it": [ + "divisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number by which a dividend is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number obtained by division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divisor", + "factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remainder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the dividend that is left over when the dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplier", + "multiplier factor" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number by which a multiplicand is multiplied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplicand" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is multiplied by the multiplier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale factor" + ], + "it": [ + "fattore di scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number used as a multiplier in scaling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-scale factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the simulation time to the time of the real process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivalent-binary-digit factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the average number of binary digits needed to express one radix digit in a numeration system that is not binary; on the average a number that can be expressed in N decimal digits takes 3.3N binary digits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliquot", + "aliquot part" + ], + "it": [ + "aliquota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that is an exact divisor of some quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliquant", + "aliquant part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that is not an exact divisor of some quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common divisor", + "common factor", + "common measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that divides two (or more) other integers evenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greatest common divisor", + "greatest common factor", + "highest common factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest integer that divides without remainder into a set of integers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common multiple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that is a multiple of two or more other integers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common denominator" + ], + "it": [ + "denominatore comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer that can be divided without remainder into the difference between two other integers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improper fraction" + ], + "it": [ + "frazione impropria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraction whose numerator is larger than the denominator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proper fraction" + ], + "it": [ + "frazione propria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraction with a numerator smaller than the denominator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex fraction", + "compound fraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraction with fractions in the numerator or denominator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal fraction", + "decimal" + ], + "it": [ + "decimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proper fraction whose denominator is a power of 10" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulating decimal", + "recurring decimal", + "repeating decimal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decimal with a sequence of digits that repeats itself indefinitely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continued fraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraction whose numerator is an integer and whose denominator is an integer plus a fraction whose numerator is an integer and whose denominator is an integer plus a fraction and so on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-half", + "half" + ], + "it": [ + "metà", + "mezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two equal parts of a divisible whole" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle due parti uguali che insieme formano un intero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifty percent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a half expressed as a percentage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moiety", + "mediety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two (approximately) equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-third", + "third", + "tierce" + ], + "it": [ + "terzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three equal parts of a divisible whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-thirds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two of three equal parts of a divisible whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-fourth", + "fourth", + "one-quarter", + "quarter", + "fourth part", + "twenty-five percent", + "quartern" + ], + "it": [ + "quarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-fourths", + "three-quarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three of four equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-fifth", + "fifth", + "fifth part", + "twenty percent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in five equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-sixth", + "sixth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in six equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-seventh", + "seventh" + ], + "it": [ + "settimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in seven equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-eighth", + "eighth" + ], + "it": [ + "ottavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in eight equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-ninth", + "ninth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in nine equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-tenth", + "tenth", + "tenth part", + "ten percent" + ], + "it": [ + "decimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-twelfth", + "twelfth", + "twelfth part", + "duodecimal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in twelve equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-sixteenth", + "sixteenth", + "sixteenth part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in sixteen equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-thirty-second", + "thirty-second", + "thirty-second part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in thirty-two equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-sixtieth", + "sixtieth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in sixty equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-sixty-fourth", + "sixty-fourth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in sixty-four equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-hundredth", + "hundredth", + "one percent" + ], + "it": [ + "centesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a hundred equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-thousandth", + "thousandth" + ], + "it": [ + "millesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a thousand equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-ten-thousandth", + "ten-thousandth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in ten thousand equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-hundred-thousandth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a hundred thousand equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-millionth", + "millionth" + ], + "it": [ + "milionesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a million equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-hundred-millionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a hundred million equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-billionth", + "billionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a billion equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-trillionth", + "trillionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a trillion equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-quadrillionth", + "quadrillionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a quadrillion equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-quintillionth", + "quintillionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one part in a quintillion equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nothing", + "nil", + "nix", + "nada", + "null", + "aught", + "cipher", + "cypher", + "goose egg", + "naught", + "zero", + "zilch", + "zip", + "zippo" + ], + "it": [ + "niente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of no importance" + ], + "it": [ + "senza importanza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Latin) nil; nothing (as used by a sheriff after an unsuccessful effort to serve a writ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugger all", + "fuck all", + "Fanny Adams", + "sweet Fanny Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "little or nothing at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digit", + "figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the elements that collectively form a system of numeration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary digit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either 0 or 1 in binary notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octal digit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digit from 0 to 7 in octal notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal digit" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digit from 0 to 9 in decimal notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duodecimal digit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digit from 0 to 11 in duodecimal notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexadecimal digit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digit from 0 to 15 in hexadecimal notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "significant digit", + "significant figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any digit of a number that is known with certainty; any digit of a number beginning with the leftmost non-zero digit and ending with the rightmost non-zero digit (or a zero considered to be the exact value)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero", + "0", + "nought", + "cipher", + "cypher" + ], + "it": [ + "zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero cardinale che indica la mancanza di qualsiasi quantita'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one", + "1", + "I", + "ace", + "single", + "unity" + ], + "it": [ + "uno", + "1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monad", + "monas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singular metaphysical entity from which material properties are said to derive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single object (as distinguished from a pair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate", + "fellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two", + "2", + "II", + "deuce" + ], + "it": [ + "due", + "2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number" + ], + "it": [ + "il numero cardinale che è la somma di uno e uno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craps", + "snake eyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expressions used when when two dice are thrown and both come up showing one spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple", + "pair", + "twosome", + "twain", + "brace", + "span", + "yoke", + "couplet", + "distich", + "duo", + "duet", + "dyad", + "duad" + ], + "it": [ + "diade", + "paio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two items of the same kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) a pair of playing cards that are the only cards in their suit in the hand dealt to a player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three", + "3", + "III", + "trio", + "threesome", + "tierce", + "leash", + "troika", + "triad", + "trine", + "trinity", + "ternary", + "ternion", + "triplet", + "tercet", + "terzetto", + "trey", + "deuce-ace" + ], + "it": [ + "tre", + "3" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four", + "4", + "IV", + "tetrad", + "quatern", + "quaternion", + "quaternary", + "quaternity", + "quartet", + "quadruplet", + "foursome", + "Little Joe" + ], + "it": [ + "quattro", + "4" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five", + "5", + "V", + "cinque", + "quint", + "quintet", + "fivesome", + "quintuplet", + "pentad", + "fin", + "Phoebe", + "Little Phoebe" + ], + "it": [ + "5", + "V", + "cinque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "six", + "6", + "VI", + "sixer", + "sise", + "Captain Hicks", + "half a dozen", + "sextet", + "sestet", + "sextuplet", + "hexad" + ], + "it": [ + "sei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seven", + "7", + "VII", + "sevener", + "heptad", + "septet", + "septenary" + ], + "it": [ + "sette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eight", + "8", + "VIII", + "eighter", + "eighter from Decatur", + "octad", + "ogdoad", + "octonary", + "octet" + ], + "it": [ + "otto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nine", + "9", + "IX", + "niner", + "Nina from Carolina", + "ennead" + ], + "it": [ + "nove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large integer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integer equal to or greater than ten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double digit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-digit integer; from 10 to 99" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ten", + "10", + "X", + "tenner", + "decade" + ], + "it": [ + "dieci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system" + ], + "it": [ + "numero cardinale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eleven", + "11", + "XI" + ], + "it": [ + "11" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twelve", + "12", + "XII", + "dozen" + ], + "it": [ + "dodici", + "dozzina", + "12" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxcars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) an expression used when two dice are thrown and both come up showing six spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the numbers that end in -teen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirteen", + "13", + "XIII", + "baker's dozen", + "long dozen" + ], + "it": [ + "tredici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourteen", + "14", + "XIV" + ], + "it": [ + "quattordici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifteen", + "15", + "XV" + ], + "it": [ + "quindici", + "15" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixteen", + "16", + "XVI" + ], + "it": [ + "sedici", + "16" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of fifteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventeen", + "17", + "XVII" + ], + "it": [ + "diciassette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of sixteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighteen", + "18", + "XVIII" + ], + "it": [ + "diciotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of seventeen and one" + ], + "it": [ + "numero cardinale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nineteen", + "19", + "XIX" + ], + "it": [ + "diciannove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of eighteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty", + "20", + "XX" + ], + "it": [ + "venti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-one", + "21", + "XXI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-two", + "22", + "XXII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-three", + "23", + "XXIII" + ], + "it": [ + "ventitré" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-four", + "24", + "XXIV", + "two dozen" + ], + "it": [ + "ventiquattro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-three and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-five", + "25", + "XXV" + ], + "it": [ + "venticinque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-four and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-six", + "26", + "XXVI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-five and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-seven", + "27", + "XXVII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-six and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-eight", + "28", + "XXVIII" + ], + "it": [ + "ventotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-seven and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-nine", + "29", + "XXIX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-eight and one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirty", + "30", + "XXX" + ], + "it": [ + "trenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forty", + "40", + "XL" + ], + "it": [ + "quaranta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and four" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifty", + "50", + "L" + ], + "it": [ + "50", + "L", + "cinquanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixty", + "60", + "LX" + ], + "it": [ + "sessanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and six" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventy", + "70", + "LXX" + ], + "it": [ + "settanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and seven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventy-eight", + "78", + "LXXVIII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the sum of seventy and eight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighty", + "80", + "LXXX", + "fourscore" + ], + "it": [ + "ottanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and eight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninety", + "90", + "XC" + ], + "it": [ + "novanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and nine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundred", + "100", + "C", + "century", + "one C" + ], + "it": [ + "centinaio", + "cento", + "100" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ten 10s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross", + "144" + ], + "it": [ + "grossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twelve dozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long hundred", + "great hundred", + "120" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and twelve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five hundred", + "500", + "D" + ], + "it": [ + "cinquecento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of one hundred and five" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thousand", + "one thousand", + "1000", + "M", + "K", + "chiliad", + "G", + "grand", + "thou", + "yard" + ], + "it": [ + "M", + "migliaio", + "mille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum or aggregate of one thousand (especially one thousand years)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great gross", + "1728" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardinal number equal to one dozen gross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ten thousand", + "10000", + "myriad" + ], + "it": [ + "diecimila", + "miriade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundred thousand", + "100000", + "lakh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "million", + "1000000", + "one thousand thousand", + "meg" + ], + "it": [ + "milione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros" + ], + "it": [ + "il numero che è rappresentato da un 1 seguito da 6 zeri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 7 zeros; ten million" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billion", + "one thousand million", + "1000000000" + ], + "it": [ + "bilione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 9 zeros" + ], + "it": [ + "il numero che è rappresentato da un uno seguito da 9 zeri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliard" + ], + "it": [ + "miliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a billion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billion", + "one million million", + "1000000000000" + ], + "it": [ + "bilione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros; in the United Kingdom the usage followed in the United States is frequently seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trillion", + "one million million", + "1000000000000" + ], + "it": [ + "mille miliardi", + "trilione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trillion", + "one million million million" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 18 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 15 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 24 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 18 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 21 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 24 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number that is represented as a one followed by 27 zeros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aleph-null", + "aleph-nought", + "aleph-zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest infinite integer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle; approximately equal to 3.14159265358979323846..." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "e" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the base of the natural system of logarithms; approximately equal to 2.718282..." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addition", + "increase", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento", + "maggiorazione", + "miglioramento", + "incremento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something contributing to growth or increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of game taken in a particular period (usually by one person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity broken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the amount of information (in bytes) that can be stored on a disk drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formatted capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the usable capacity of a disk drive; the amount of space that is left after the sector headings and boundary definitions and timing information have been added by formatting the disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unformatted capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the total number of bytes on a disk including the space that will be required to format it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "haul" + ], + "it": [ + "pescata", + "retata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that was caught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction", + "fudge factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is added or subtracted in order to increase the accuracy of a scientific measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "containerful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a container will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footstep", + "pace", + "step", + "stride" + ], + "it": [ + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance covered by a step" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza che si può coprire con un passo, usato per indicare una breve distanza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headspace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume left at the top of a filled container (bottle or jar or tin) before sealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large indefinite quantity", + "large indefinite amount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite quantity that is above the average in size or magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substantial amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit", + "limitation" + ], + "it": [ + "limite", + "massimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest amount of something that is possible or allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit", + "limit point", + "point of accumulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mathematical value toward which a function goes as the independent variable approaches infinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output", + "yield", + "production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a designated limit beyond which something cannot function or must be terminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "region", + "neighborhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the approximate amount of something (usually used prepositionally as in `in the region of')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of something (as whiskey or oil) lost in storage or transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picking", + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of a crop that is harvested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) potential capacity to respond in order to maintain vital functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the additional volume of air that the lungs can inhale and exhale when breathing to the limit of capacity in times of stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production achieved during a continuous period of operation (of a machine or factory etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small indefinite quantity", + "small indefinite amount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite quantity that is below average size or magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small quantity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dab", + "splash", + "splatter" + ], + "it": [ + "zacchera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small quantity of something moist or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot", + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "boccone", + "oncia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece or quantity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair's-breadth", + "hairsbreadth", + "hair", + "whisker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small distance or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small or moderate or token amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scattering", + "sprinkling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small number (of something) dispersed haphazardly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoestring", + "shoe string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray", + "spraying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of small objects flying through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step", + "stone's throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little" + ], + "it": [ + "poco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount or duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shtik", + "shtick", + "schtik", + "schtick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a little; a piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shtikl", + "shtickl", + "schtikl", + "schtickl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a really little shtik" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tad", + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight amount or degree of difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimum", + "lower limit" + ], + "it": [ + "min.", + "minimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest possible quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something reduced to its minimal form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spillage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that has spilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that has spoiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tankage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in (or the capacity of) a tank or tanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ullage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that a container (as a wine bottle or tank) lacks of being full" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount needed to restore something to its former level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worth" + ], + "it": [ + "merito", + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armful" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that can be contained in the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag", + "bagful" + ], + "it": [ + "cartocciata", + "sacchetto", + "saccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a bag will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel", + "barrelful" + ], + "it": [ + "barilata", + "barile", + "botte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a barrel (of any size) will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrow", + "barrowful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a barrow will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a barn will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basin", + "basinful" + ], + "it": [ + "bacinella", + "bacino", + "catino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a basin will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket", + "basketful" + ], + "it": [ + "canestro", + "cesta", + "cesto", + "panierata", + "zana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bin", + "binful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a bin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle", + "bottleful" + ], + "it": [ + "biberon", + "boccia", + "bottiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl", + "bowlful" + ], + "it": [ + "ciotola", + "scodellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box", + "boxful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket", + "bucketful" + ], + "it": [ + "bugliolo", + "secchiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of cargo or the number of passengers that a bus can carry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can", + "canful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a can" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a cap will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a car will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartload" + ], + "it": [ + "barocciata", + "baroccio", + "barrocciata", + "barroccio", + "carrata", + "carrettata", + "carro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a cart holds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carton", + "cartonful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a carton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "caseful" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cask", + "caskful" + ], + "it": [ + "barile", + "botte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a cask will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crate", + "crateful" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a crate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup", + "cupful" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a cup will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish", + "dishful" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a dish will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dustpan", + "dustpanful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that a dustpan will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flask", + "flaskful" + ], + "it": [ + "fiasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a flask will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass", + "glassful" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchierata", + "bicchiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a glass will hold" + ], + "it": [ + "la quantità che un bicchiere può contenere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handful", + "fistful" + ], + "it": [ + "brancata", + "manata", + "manciata", + "pugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that can be held in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatful" + ], + "it": [ + "cappellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as many or as much as a hat will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of information that a head will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houseful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as many as a house will accommodate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jar", + "jarful" + ], + "it": [ + "barattolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a jar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jug", + "jugful" + ], + "it": [ + "boccale", + "brocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a jug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keg", + "kegful" + ], + "it": [ + "barilotto", + "barilozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a keg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kettle", + "kettleful" + ], + "it": [ + "bollitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a kettle will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that can be held in the lap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthful" + ], + "it": [ + "boccata", + "boccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that can be held in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug", + "mugful" + ], + "it": [ + "gotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity that can be held in a mug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pail", + "pailful" + ], + "it": [ + "secchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a pail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipeful" + ], + "it": [ + "pipa", + "pipata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of tobacco that can be smoked in a pipe at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher", + "pitcherful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a pitcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate", + "plateful" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketful" + ], + "it": [ + "tascata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a pocket will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot", + "potful" + ], + "it": [ + "pentola", + "pentolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roomful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a room will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack", + "sackful" + ], + "it": [ + "sacco", + "saccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity contained in a sack" + ], + "it": [ + "quantità di materiale contenuta in un sacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop", + "scoopful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a scoop will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelfful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that a shelf will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoeful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that a shoe will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of alcoholic drink sufficient to make you drunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel", + "shovelful", + "spadeful" + ], + "it": [ + "badilata", + "palata", + "palettata", + "vangata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a shovel can hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skepful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity a skep can hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle containing half the usual amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoon", + "spoonful" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaiata", + "cucchiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a spoon will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablespoon", + "tablespoonful" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaiata", + "cucchiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a tablespoon will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessertspoon", + "dessertspoonful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a dessert spoon will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank", + "tankful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a tank will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacup", + "teacupful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a teacup will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaspoon", + "teaspoonful" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaino", + "cucchiaino da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a teaspoon will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thimble", + "thimbleful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as much as a thimble will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tub", + "tubful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that a tub will hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morsel" + ], + "it": [ + "zinzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small quantity of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handful", + "smattering" + ], + "it": [ + "manata", + "manciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small number or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small indefinite number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "drib", + "driblet" + ], + "it": [ + "goccia", + "goccio", + "gocciola", + "gocciolo", + "lacrima", + "lagrima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small indefinite quantity (especially of a liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "droplet" + ], + "it": [ + "gocciolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyedrop", + "eye-drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop from an eye dropper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small measure (usually of food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dose", + "dosage" + ], + "it": [ + "dosaggio", + "dose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of alcohol sufficient to intoxicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load", + "loading" + ], + "it": [ + "carico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that can be processed or transported at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of water falling to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quantity that can be carried by a train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dreg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount of residue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack", + "doodly-squat", + "diddly-squat", + "diddlysquat", + "diddly-shit", + "diddlyshit", + "diddly", + "diddley", + "squat", + "shit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small worthless amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nip", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchierino", + "cicchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small drink of liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace", + "hint", + "suggestion" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno", + "filo", + "pizzico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a just detectable amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small but noticeable trace of some quality that might become stronger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shred", + "scintilla", + "whit", + "iota", + "tittle", + "smidgen", + "smidgeon", + "smidgin", + "smidge" + ], + "it": [ + "briciolo", + "iota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny or scarcely detectable amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount (especially of a drink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinch of smokeless tobacco inhaled at a single time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "hint", + "tinge", + "mite", + "pinch", + "jot", + "speck", + "soupcon" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight but appreciable amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that many barrels might hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batch", + "deal", + "flock", + "good deal", + "great deal", + "hatful", + "heap", + "lot", + "mass", + "mess", + "mickle", + "mint", + "mountain", + "muckle", + "passel", + "peck", + "pile", + "plenty", + "pot", + "quite a little", + "raft", + "sight", + "slew", + "spate", + "stack", + "tidy sum", + "wad" + ], + "it": [ + "barca", + "gran numero", + "mucchio", + "montagna", + "immensità", + "larghezza", + "monte", + "massa", + "subisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent" + ], + "it": [ + "grande quantità di cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battalion", + "large number", + "multitude", + "plurality", + "pack" + ], + "it": [ + "legione", + "moltitudine", + "mucchio", + "schiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large indefinite number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billyo", + "billyoh", + "billy-ho", + "all get out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unimaginably large amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatload", + "shipload", + "carload" + ], + "it": [ + "barca", + "bastimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of cargo that can be held by a boat or ship or a freight car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "inundation", + "deluge", + "torrent" + ], + "it": [ + "alluvione", + "diluvio", + "profluvio", + "scarica", + "subisso", + "torrente", + "valanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming number or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haymow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of hay piled up in a barn for preservation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infinitude" + ], + "it": [ + "infinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infinite quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximum", + "upper limit" + ], + "it": [ + "massimo", + "max." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest possible quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "million", + "billion", + "trillion", + "zillion", + "jillion", + "gazillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "much" + ], + "it": [ + "assai", + "molto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great amount or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myriad" + ], + "it": [ + "miriade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large indefinite number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large or extra supply of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean", + "sea" + ], + "it": [ + "mare", + "marea", + "oceano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything apparently limitless in quantity or volume" + ], + "it": [ + "con valore iperbolico, grande quantità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large quantity of written matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small fortune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sum of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply" + ], + "it": [ + "approvvigionamento", + "provvista", + "riserva", + "fornitura", + "rifornimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of something available for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tons", + "dozens", + "heaps", + "lots", + "piles", + "scores", + "stacks", + "loads", + "rafts", + "slews", + "wads", + "oodles", + "gobs", + "scads", + "lashings" + ], + "it": [ + "mucchio", + "sacco", + "marea", + "mondo", + "casino", + "caterva", + "fottio", + "fracco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large number or amount" + ], + "it": [ + "gran quantità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room", + "way", + "elbow room" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space for movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathing room", + "breathing space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sufficient room for easy breathing or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headroom", + "headway", + "clearance" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "altezza libera di passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vertical space available to allow easy passage under something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houseroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space for accommodation in a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living space", + "lebensraum" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio vitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space sought for occupation by a nation whose population is expanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space in which vehicles can be parked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space for maneuver at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swath" + ], + "it": [ + "falciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space created by the swing of a scythe or the cut of a mowing machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volume" + ], + "it": [ + "cubatura", + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relative amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity", + "content" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità", + "capienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount that can be contained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vital capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation (usually tested with a spirometer); used to determine the condition of lung tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of inhabitants (either the total number or the number of a particular race or class) in a given place (country or city etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ], + "it": [ + "gradazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "STP", + "s.t.p." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard temperature and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relations", + "dealings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causality" + ], + "it": [ + "causalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between causes and effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relationship", + "human relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between people; (`relationship' is often used where `relation' would serve, as in `the relationship between inflation and unemployment', but the preferred usage of `relationship' is for human relations or states of relatedness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation such that one thing is dependent on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partnership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal relation", + "personal relationship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close personal relationship that forms between people (as between husband and wife or parent and child)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obligation", + "indebtedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal relation in which one is indebted for a service or favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female bonding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of a close personal relationship between women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male bonding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of a close personal relationship between men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maternal-infant bonding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attachment that forms between an infant and its mother beginning at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation resulting from interaction or dependence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logical relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between propositions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradictory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two propositions are contradictories if both cannot be true (or both cannot be false) at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logical relation such that two propositions are contraries if both cannot be true but both can be false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between mathematical expressions (such as equality or inequality)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function", + "mathematical function", + "single-valued function", + "map", + "mapping" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function expressed as a sum or product of terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inverse function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function obtained by expressing the dependent variable of one function as the independent variable of another; f and g are inverse functions if f(x)=y and g(y)=x" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kronecker delta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function of two variables i and j that equals 1 when i=j and equals 0 otherwise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric function", + "metric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function of a topological space that gives, for any two points in the space, a value equal to the distance between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a function that changes the position or direction of the axes of a coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a transformation in which the direction of one axis is reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a transformation in which the coordinate axes are rotated by a fixed angle about the origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a transformation in which the origin of the coordinate system is moved to another position but the direction of each axis remains the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affine transformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a transformation that is a combination of single transformations such as translation or rotation or reflection on an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-to-one mapping of one metric space into another metric space that preserves the distances between each pair of points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operator" + ], + "it": [ + "operatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a symbol or function representing a mathematical operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator that obeys the distributive law: A(f+g) = Af + Ag (where f and g are functions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity", + "identity element", + "identity operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator that leaves unchanged the element on which it operates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigonometric function", + "circular function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "function of an angle expressed as a ratio of the length of the sides of right-angled triangle containing the angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sine", + "sin" + ], + "it": [ + "seno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the length of the side opposite the given angle to the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc sine", + "arcsine", + "arcsin", + "inverse sine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inverse function of the sine; the angle that has a sine equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosine", + "cos" + ], + "it": [ + "coseno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc cosine", + "arccosine", + "arccos", + "inverse cosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inverse function of the cosine; the angle that has a cosine equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangent", + "tan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc tangent", + "arctangent", + "arctan", + "inverse tangent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inverse function of the tangent; the angle that has a tangent equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotangent", + "cotan" + ], + "it": [ + "cotangente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the adjacent to the opposite side of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc cotangent", + "arccotangent", + "inverse cotangent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inverse function of the cotangent; the angle that has a cotangent equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secant", + "sec" + ], + "it": [ + "secante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the hypotenuse to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc secant", + "arcsecant", + "arcsec", + "inverse secant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inverse function of the secant; the angle that has a secant equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosecant", + "cosec" + ], + "it": [ + "cosecante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio of the hypotenuse to the opposite side of a right-angled triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc cosecant", + "arccosecant", + "inverse cosecant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle that has a cosecant equal to a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function that takes the value 1 if a specified function of the arguments exceeds a given threshold and 0 otherwise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential", + "exponential function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function in which an independent variable appears as an exponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equation involving exponential functions of a variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graph of an exponential function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical expression consisting of a constant (especially e) raised to some power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponential series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series derived from the expansion of an exponential expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a relation between a pair of integers: if both integers are odd or both are even they have the same parity; if one is odd and the other is even they have different parity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parity of even numbers (divisible by two)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oddness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parity of odd numbers (not divisible by two)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation" + ], + "it": [ + "cardine", + "sostrato", + "substrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basis on which something is grounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footing", + "basis", + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation that provides the foundation for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common ground" + ], + "it": [ + "punto d'incontro", + "punto d'intesa", + "terreno comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basis agreed to by all parties for reaching a mutual understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass roots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the essential foundation or source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection", + "connexion", + "connectedness" + ], + "it": [ + "attinenza", + "collegamento", + "connessione", + "corrispondenza", + "nesso", + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) connection of components in such a manner that current flows first through one and then through the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliance", + "bond" + ], + "it": [ + "vincolo", + "legame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emotional bond between a mother and her offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage" + ], + "it": [ + "concatenazione", + "linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associative relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "link", + "nexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the means of connection between things linked in series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communication" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection allowing access between persons or places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concatenation" + ], + "it": [ + "concatenamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the linking together of a consecutive series of symbols or events or ideas etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something resembling a bridge in form or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involvement" + ], + "it": [ + "coinvolgimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection of inclusion or containment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implication" + ], + "it": [ + "implicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation implicated by virtue of involvement or close connection (especially an incriminating involvement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclusion", + "comprehension" + ], + "it": [ + "inclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of comprising something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconnectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of a connection between things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relevance", + "relevancy" + ], + "it": [ + "pertinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of something to the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relevance requiring careful consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cogency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasive relevance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style in speech or writing that arrests attention and has a penetrating or convincing quality or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germaneness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pertinence by virtue of a close relation to the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applicability", + "pertinence", + "pertinency" + ], + "it": [ + "applicabilità", + "pertinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relevance by virtue of being applicable to the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relatedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular manner of connectedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relevant relation or interconnection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrelevance", + "irrelevancy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "non pertinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of a relation of something to the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inapplicability" + ], + "it": [ + "inapplicabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irrelevance by virtue of being inapplicable to the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immateriality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete irrelevance requiring no further consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unrelatedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of any particular manner of connectedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "estraneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrelatedness by virtue of falling outside the matter at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammatical relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic relation established by grammar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between linguistic forms or constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement", + "concord" + ], + "it": [ + "concordanza", + "accordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the determination of grammatical inflection on the basis of word relations" + ], + "it": [ + "in una proposizione, accordo tra parole che si trovano in rapporto tra loro, per quanto riguarda genere, numero, persona e caso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement in number between words in the same grammatical construction (e.g., between adjectives and the nouns they modify)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "person agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement in person between pronouns and verbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement in grammatical case between words in the same construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gender agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement in grammatical gender between words in the same construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transitivity", + "transitiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation created by a transitive verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intransitivity", + "intransitiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation created by an intransitive verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transitivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic and mathematics) a relation between three elements such that if it holds between the first and second and it also holds between the second and third it must necessarily hold between the first and third" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexivity", + "reflexiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic and mathematics) a relation such that it holds between an element and itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coreference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation between two words that have a common referent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexivity", + "reflexiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation between linguistic units (words or phrases or clauses) that are connected by a conjunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinating conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coordination by conjunction of linguistic units of the same status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinating conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subordination that occurs when a conjunction makes one linguistic unit a constituent of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copulative conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conjunctive relation of units that expresses the addition of their meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjunctive conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conjunctive relation of units that expresses the disjunction of their meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adversative conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conjunctive relation of units that expresses the opposition of their meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation of a word or phrase to a predicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordination" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation of two constituents having the same grammatical form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation of a modifying word or phrase to its head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modification", + "qualifying", + "limiting" + ], + "it": [ + "qualificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical relation that exists when a word qualifies the meaning of the phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrictiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatical qualification that makes the meaning more specific (`red hat' has a more specific meaning than `hat')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apposition" + ], + "it": [ + "apposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatical relation between a word and a noun phrase that follows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mood", + "mode", + "modality" + ], + "it": [ + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verb inflections that express how the action or state is conceived by the speaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicative mood", + "indicative", + "declarative mood", + "declarative", + "common mood", + "fact mood" + ], + "it": [ + "indicativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood (grammatically unmarked) that represents the act or state as an objective fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjunctive mood", + "subjunctive" + ], + "it": [ + "congiuntivo", + "soggiuntivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood that represents an act or state (not as a fact but) as contingent or possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optative mood", + "optative" + ], + "it": [ + "ottativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood (as in Greek or Sanskrit) that expresses a wish or hope; expressed in English by modal verbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperative mood", + "imperative", + "jussive mood", + "imperative form" + ], + "it": [ + "imperativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood that expresses an intention to influence the listener's behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrogative mood", + "interrogative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some linguists consider interrogative sentences to constitute a mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modality", + "mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classification of propositions on the basis of whether they claim necessity or possibility or impossibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphoric relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between an anaphor and its antecedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the grammatical relation (active or passive) of the grammatical subject of a verb to the action that the verb denotes" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle forme assunte dal verbo nella sua coniugazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active voice", + "active" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive voice", + "passive" + ], + "it": [ + "passivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflection", + "inflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "desinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the form of a word (usually by adding a suffix) to indicate a change in its grammatical function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inflection of verbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declension" + ], + "it": [ + "declinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inflection of nouns and pronouns and adjectives in Indo-European languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradigm" + ], + "it": [ + "paradigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematic arrangement of all the inflected forms of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralization", + "pluralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pluralizing or attributing plurality to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspect" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beginning or duration or completion or repetition of the action of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfective", + "perfective aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of a verb that expresses a completed action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperfective", + "imperfective aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspect without regard to the beginning or completion of the action of the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durative", + "durative aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of a verb that expresses its duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressive aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of a verb that expresses its on-going action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inchoative", + "inchoative aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspect with regard to the beginning of the action of the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iterative", + "iterative aspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of the verb that expresses the repetition of an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressive", + "progressive tense", + "imperfect", + "imperfect tense", + "continuous tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present progressive", + "present progressive tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tense used to express action that is on-going at the time of utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfective", + "perfective tense", + "perfect", + "perfect tense" + ], + "it": [ + "perfetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tense of verbs used in describing action that has been completed (sometimes regarded as perfective aspect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present perfect", + "present perfect tense" + ], + "it": [ + "passato prossimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfective tense used to express action completed in the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preterit", + "preterite" + ], + "it": [ + "preterito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term formerly used to refer to the simple past tense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past perfect", + "past perfect tense", + "pluperfect", + "pluperfect tense" + ], + "it": [ + "piuccheperfetto", + "trapassato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfective tense used to express action completed in the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past progressive", + "past progressive tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive tense used to describe on-going action in the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future perfect", + "future perfect tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfective tense used to describe action that will be completed in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future progressive", + "future progressive tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive tense used to express action that will be on-going in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantic relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyponymy", + "subordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation of being subordinate or belonging to a lower rank or class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypernymy", + "superordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation of being superordinate or belonging to a higher rank or class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synonymy", + "synonymity", + "synonymousness" + ], + "it": [ + "sinonimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation that holds between two words that can (in a given context) express the same meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antonymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation that holds between two words that can (in a given context) express opposite meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holonymy", + "whole to part relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation that holds between a whole and its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meronymy", + "part to whole relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation that holds between a part and the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troponymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic relation of being a manner of does something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homonymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between two words that are spelled the same way but differ in meaning or the relation between two words that are pronounced the same way but differ in meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "portion", + "component part", + "component", + "constituent" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something determined in relation to something that includes it" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa di determinato in relazione a ciò che lo include" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basis", + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important or necessary part of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail", + "particular", + "item" + ], + "it": [ + "dettaglio", + "particolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small part that can be considered separately from the whole" + ], + "it": [ + "una piccola parte che può essere considerata separatamente rispetto al tutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highlight", + "high spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most interesting or memorable part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit" + ], + "it": [ + "componente", + "unità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual or group or structure or other entity regarded as a structural or functional constituent of a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "member" + ], + "it": [ + "componente", + "membro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that belongs to a set or class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remainder", + "balance", + "residual", + "residue", + "residuum", + "rest" + ], + "it": [ + "resto", + "avanzo", + "residuo", + "rimanenza", + "rimanente", + "residuato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something left after other parts have been taken away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leftover", + "remnant" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzo", + "rimasuglio", + "scampolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subpart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity", + "kinship" + ], + "it": [ + "affinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close connection marked by community of interests or similarity in nature or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapport", + "resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relationship of mutual understanding or trust and agreement between people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation of affinity or harmony between people; whatever affects one correspondingly affects the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual understanding", + "mutual affection" + ], + "it": [ + "intesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sympathy of each person for the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity", + "phylogenetic relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) state of relationship between organisms or groups of organisms resulting in resemblance in structure or structural parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinship", + "family relationship", + "relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "parentela", + "legami di parentela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) relatedness or connection by blood or marriage or adoption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descent", + "line of descent", + "lineage", + "filiation" + ], + "it": [ + "casata", + "ceppo", + "discendenza", + "figliazione", + "filiazione", + "lignaggio", + "progenie", + "schiatta", + "stirpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation between an individual and the individual's progenitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) kinship by marriage or adoption; not a blood relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steprelationship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family relationship by virtue of remarriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consanguinity", + "blood kinship", + "cognation" + ], + "it": [ + "cognazione", + "consanguineità", + "sanguinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) related by blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parentage", + "birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation of an offspring to the parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatherhood", + "paternity" + ], + "it": [ + "paternità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation between an offspring and the father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motherhood", + "maternity" + ], + "it": [ + "maternità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation between an offspring and the mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sisterhood", + "sistership" + ], + "it": [ + "sorellanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation between a female offspring and the siblings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brotherhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kinship relation between a male offspring and the siblings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilateral descent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line of descent traced through both the maternal and paternal sides of the family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unilateral descent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line of descent traced through one side of the family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrilineage", + "enation", + "cognation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line of descent traced through the maternal side of the family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrilineage", + "agnation" + ], + "it": [ + "agnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line of descent traced through the paternal side of the family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marital relationship", + "marital bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relationship between wife and husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnitude relation", + "quantitative relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between magnitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ], + "it": [ + "ampiezza", + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion", + "ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion" + ], + "it": [ + "proporzionalità", + "proporzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case-fatality proportion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of cases of a disease ending in death divided by the number of cases of the disease; usually expressed as a percentage or as the number of deaths per 1000 cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case-to-infection proportion", + "case-to-infection ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of cases of a disease divided by the number of infections with the agent that causes the disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proportion of a substance that is contained in a mixture or alloy etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden section", + "golden mean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proportional relation between two divisions of line or two dimension of a plane figure such that short : long :: long : (short + long)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commensurateness", + "correspondence", + "proportionateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of corresponding in degree or size or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percentage", + "percent", + "per centum", + "pct" + ], + "it": [ + "per cento", + "percento", + "percentuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absentee rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the percentage of workers who do not report to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting average", + "hitting average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a measure of a batter's performance; the number of base hits divided by the number of official times at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(an extension of the baseball term) the proportion of times some effort succeeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fielding average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a measure of a fielder's performance; the number of assists and putouts divided by the number of chances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupancy rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the percentage of all rental units (as in hotels) are occupied or rented at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital occupancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupancy rate for hospitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel occupancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupancy rate for hotels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacancy rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the percentage of all rental units (as in hotels) that are unoccupied or not rented at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployment rate" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso di disoccupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the percentage of the work force that is unemployed at any given date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratio" + ], + "it": [ + "rapporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abundance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the ratio of the total mass of an element in the earth's crust to the total mass of the earth's crust; expressed as a percentage or in parts per million" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abundance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the ratio of the number of atoms of a specific isotope of an element to the total number of isotopes present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albedo", + "reflective power" + ], + "it": [ + "albedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of reflected to incident light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspect ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the width to the height of a tv picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalic index", + "breadth index", + "cranial index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratio (in percent) of the maximum breadth to the maximum length of a skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "efficienza", + "resa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the output to the input of any system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure of merit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numerical expression representing the efficiency of a given system, material, or procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio (in percent) of the maximum width to the maximum height of the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focal ratio", + "f number", + "stop number", + "speed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the focal length to the diameter of a (camera) lens system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency", + "relative frequency" + ], + "it": [ + "frequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the number of observations in a statistical category to the total number of observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocrit", + "haematocrit", + "packed cell volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the volume occupied by packed red blood cells to the volume of the whole blood as measured by a hematocrit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence quotient", + "IQ", + "I.Q." + ], + "it": [ + "Q.I.", + "quoziente d'intelligenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test; the ratio of a person's mental age to their chronological age (multiplied by 100)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the average IQ of the adults in a given population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borderline intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimal IQ required for someone to function normally and independently in the world (without some form of institutional assistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(aeronautics) the ratio of an external load to the weight of the aircraft (measured in g)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the annual claims paid by an insurance company to the premiums received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mach number" + ], + "it": [ + "mach", + "numero di Mach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the speed of a moving body to the speed of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the size of an image to the size of the object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical advantage" + ], + "it": [ + "vantaggio mecchanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the force exerted by a machine to the force applied to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mileage", + "fuel consumption rate", + "gasoline mileage", + "gas mileage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the number of miles traveled to the number of gallons of gasoline burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odds", + "betting odds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio by which one better's wager is greater than that of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order of magnitude", + "magnitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number assigned to the ratio of two quantities; two quantities are of the same order of magnitude if one is less than 10 times as large as the other; the number of magnitudes that the quantities differ is specified to within a power of 10" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output-to-input ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the output power of a transducer divided by the input power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevalence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(epidemiology) the ratio (for a given time period) of the number of occurrences of a disease or event to the number of units at risk in the population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price-to-earnings ratio", + "P/E ratio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock market) the price of a stock divided by its earnings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "productivity" + ], + "it": [ + "produttività", + "rendimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) the ratio of the quantity and quality of units produced to the labor per unit of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratio of two quantities that is constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of two quantities to be divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractive index", + "index of refraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to that in a medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative humidity" + ], + "it": [ + "umidità relativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the amount of water in the air at a give temperature to the maximum amount it could hold at that temperature; expressed as a percentage" + ], + "it": [ + "rapporto percentuale fra la massa di vapor d'acqua contenuto in un volume e quella necessaria per saturarlo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory quotient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide expired to the volume of oxygen consumed by an organism or cell in a given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety factor", + "factor of safety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the breaking stress of a structure to the estimated maximum stress in ordinary use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal-to-noise ratio", + "signal-to-noise", + "signal/noise ratio", + "signal/noise", + "S/N" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of signal intensity to noise intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoichiometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the relation between the quantities of substances that take part in a reaction or form a compound (typically a ratio of whole integers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the inductance of a circuit in henries to its resistance in ohms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee turnover", + "turnover rate", + "turnover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the gross weight of an airplane to some factor determining its lift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power loading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the weight of an airplane to its engine power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "span loading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the weight of an airplane to its wingspan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing loading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the weight of an airplane to its wing area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incidence", + "relative incidence" + ], + "it": [ + "incidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative frequency of occurrence of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morbidity" + ], + "it": [ + "morbilità", + "morbosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative incidence of a particular disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direction" + ], + "it": [ + "senso", + "direzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial relation between something and the course along which it points or moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction in which something (such as a building) faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position or alignment relative to points of the compass or other specific directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attitude" + ], + "it": [ + "positura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position of aircraft or spacecraft relative to a frame of reference (the horizon or direction of motion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim" + ], + "it": [ + "assetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attitude of an aircraft in flight when allowed to take its own orientation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is oriented horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is oriented vertically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a direction opposite to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthogonality", + "perpendicularity", + "orthogonal opposition" + ], + "it": [ + "ortogonalità", + "perpendicolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of opposition between things at right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipodal", + "antipodal opposition", + "diametrical opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of opposition along a diameter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enantiomorphism", + "mirror-image relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation of opposition between crystals or molecules that are reflections of one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windward" + ], + "it": [ + "sopravento", + "sopravvento", + "lato sopravvento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction from which the wind is coming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "to windward", + "windward side", + "weatherboard", + "weather side" + ], + "it": [ + "orza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side toward the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leeward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction in which the wind is blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "to leeward", + "leeward side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side sheltered from the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction toward the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four major division of the compass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass point", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of 32 horizontal directions indicated on the card of a compass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal compass point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto cardinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four main compass points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north", + "due north", + "northward", + "N" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzanotte", + "settentrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal compass point that is at 0 or 360 degrees" + ], + "it": [ + "punto cardinale della bussola che si trova a 0 e 360 gradi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north by east", + "NbE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point east (clockwise) of due north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north", + "magnetic north", + "compass north" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction in which a compass needle points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north northeast", + "nor'-nor'-east", + "NNE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is midway between north and northeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeast by north", + "NEbN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point north of northeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeast", + "nor'-east", + "northeastward", + "NE" + ], + "it": [ + "NE", + "Nord-Est", + "nordest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between north and east; at 45 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeast by east", + "NEbE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point east of northeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east northeast", + "ENE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between northeast and east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east by north", + "EbN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point north of due east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east", + "due east", + "eastward", + "E" + ], + "it": [ + "E", + "est", + "levante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east by south", + "EbS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point south of due east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east southeast", + "ESE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between east and southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeast by east", + "SEbE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point east of southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeast", + "sou'-east", + "southeastward", + "SE" + ], + "it": [ + "sud-est" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between south and east; at 135 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeast by south", + "SEbS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point south of southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south southeast", + "sou'-sou'-east", + "SSE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between south and southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south by east", + "SbE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point east of due south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south", + "due south", + "southward", + "S" + ], + "it": [ + "meridione", + "sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal compass point that is at 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south by west", + "SbW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point west of due south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south southwest", + "sou'-sou'-west", + "SSW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between south and southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwest by south", + "SWbS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point south of southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwest", + "sou'-west", + "southwestward", + "SW" + ], + "it": [ + "sud-ovest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwest by west", + "SWbW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point west of southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west southwest", + "WSW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between west and southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west by south", + "WbS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point south of due west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west", + "due west", + "westward", + "W" + ], + "it": [ + "O.", + "espero", + "occaso", + "occidente", + "ovest", + "ponente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cardinal compass point that is a 270 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west by north", + "WbN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point north of due west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west northwest", + "WNW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between west and northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest by west", + "NWbW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point west of northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest", + "nor'-west", + "northwestward", + "NW" + ], + "it": [ + "NO", + "Nord-Ovest", + "nordovest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point midway between north and west; at 315 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest by north", + "NWbN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point north of northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north northwest", + "nor'-nor'-west", + "NNW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is midway between north and northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north by west", + "NbW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compass point that is one point west of due north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the northward cardinal compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the northeastward compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the eastward cardinal compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the southeastward compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the southward cardinal compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the southwestward compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the westward cardinal compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction corresponding to the northwestward compass point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relation by which any position with respect to any other position is established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevation", + "EL", + "altitude", + "ALT" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between different business enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "competition" + ], + "it": [ + "concorrenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price war", + "price competition" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra dei prezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense competition in which competitors cut retail prices to gain business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clientage" + ], + "it": [ + "clientela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relation of a client to a patron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation that exists when one person requests and is granted professional help from a qualified source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the professional relation between a health care professional and a patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor-patient relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a physician to act in the best interests of the patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse-patient relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a nurse to act in the best interests of the patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional relation that is regulated by law (as between a lawyer and a client)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiduciary relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal relation that exists when one person justifiably places reliance on another whose aid or protection is sought in some matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank-depositor relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a bank to act in the best interests of the depositors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidential adviser-advisee relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a confidential adviser to act in the best interest of the advisee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservator-ward relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a conservator to act in the best interests of the ward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "director-stockholder relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of corporate directors to act in the best interests of stockholders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executor-heir relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of an executor (or administrator) of an estate to act in the best interests of the heir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawyer-client relation", + "attorney-client relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a lawyer to act in the best interests of the client" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partner relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of partners to act in one another's best interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receiver-creditor relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of receiver or trustee in bankruptcy to act in the best interests of the creditor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trustee-beneficiary relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a trustee to act in the best interests of the beneficiary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional relation between instructors and those they instruct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacher-student relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic relation between teachers and their students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politics", + "political relation" + ], + "it": [ + "politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemistry", + "interpersonal chemistry", + "alchemy" + ], + "it": [ + "alchimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way two individuals relate to each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocality", + "reciprocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation of mutual dependence or action or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementarity" + ], + "it": [ + "complementarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interrelation of reciprocity whereby one thing supplements or depends on the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlation", + "correlativity" + ], + "it": [ + "correlazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reciprocal relation between two or more things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutuality", + "interdependence", + "interdependency" + ], + "it": [ + "interdipendendenza", + "interdipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reciprocal relation between interdependent entities (objects or individuals or groups)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commensalism" + ], + "it": [ + "commensalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between two different kinds of organisms when one receives benefits from the other without damaging it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasitism" + ], + "it": [ + "parassitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it (usually not fatal damage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbiosis", + "mutualism" + ], + "it": [ + "simbiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophobiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbiotic relation in which one organism protects the other in return for some kind of food product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "additive inverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) one of a pair of numbers whose sum is zero; the additive inverse of -5 is +5" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplicative inverse", + "reciprocal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2; the multiplicative inverse of 7 is 1/7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutuality", + "mutualness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reciprocality of sentiments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal" + ], + "it": [ + "inverso", + "numero inverso", + "reciproco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (a term or expression or concept) that has a reciprocal relation to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using or enjoying something jointly with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time sharing" + ], + "it": [ + "multiutenza", + "ripartizione del tempo", + "time sharing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the use of a central computer by many users simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrelation", + "interrelationship", + "interrelatedness" + ], + "it": [ + "correlazione", + "interrelazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual or reciprocal relation or relatedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interrelation of conscious and unconscious processes and emotions that determine personality and motivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation involving time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antecedent", + "forerunner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that precedes something similar in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of events in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronism", + "synchrony", + "synchronicity", + "synchroneity", + "synchronization", + "synchronisation", + "synchronizing" + ], + "it": [ + "sincronia", + "sincronismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation that exists when things occur at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asynchronism", + "asynchrony", + "desynchronization", + "desynchronisation", + "desynchronizing" + ], + "it": [ + "asincronismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation that exists when things occur at unrelated times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first", + "number one" + ], + "it": [ + "prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first or highest in an ordering or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "former" + ], + "it": [ + "il primo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of two or the first mentioned of two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "following the first in an ordering or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of two or the second mentioned of two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "following the second position in an ordering or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourth" + ], + "it": [ + "quarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "following the third position; number four in a countable series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position five in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixth" + ], + "it": [ + "sesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position six in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventh" + ], + "it": [ + "settimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position seven in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position eight in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninth" + ], + "it": [ + "nono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position nine in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenth" + ], + "it": [ + "decimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position ten in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eleventh" + ], + "it": [ + "undicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 11 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twelfth" + ], + "it": [ + "dodicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 12 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "tredicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 13 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "quattordicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 14 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "quindicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 15 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "sedicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 16 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventeenth" + ], + "it": [ + "diciassettesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 17 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "diciottesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 18 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nineteenth" + ], + "it": [ + "diciannovesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 19 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twentieth" + ], + "it": [ + "ventesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 20 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirtieth" + ], + "it": [ + "trentesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 30 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortieth" + ], + "it": [ + "quarantennale", + "quarantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 40 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiftieth" + ], + "it": [ + "cinquantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 50 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixtieth" + ], + "it": [ + "sessantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 60 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventieth" + ], + "it": [ + "settantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 70 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eightieth" + ], + "it": [ + "ottantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 80 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninetieth" + ], + "it": [ + "novantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 90 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hundredth" + ], + "it": [ + "centesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 100 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thousandth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 1,000 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millionth" + ], + "it": [ + "milionesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 1,000,000 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billionth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position 1,000,000,000 in a countable series of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last or lowest in an ordering or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "scale of measurement", + "graduated table", + "ordered series" + ], + "it": [ + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered reference standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaufort scale", + "wind scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international scale of wind force from 0 (calm air) to 12 (hurricane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logarithmic scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale on which actual distances from the origin are proportional to the logarithms of the corresponding scale numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercalli scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale formerly used to describe the magnitude of an earthquake; an earthquake detected only by seismographs is a I and an earthquake that destroys all buildings is a XII" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohs scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale of hardness of solids; talc is 0 and diamond is 10; ordering is determined by which substance can scratch another substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richter scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 formerly used to express the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of the size of seismograph oscillations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment magnitude scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 (a successor to the Richter scale) that enables seismologists to compare the energy released by different earthquakes on the basis of the area of the geological fault that ruptured in the quake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of measuring temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celsius scale", + "international scale", + "centigrade scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala Celsius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degrees" + ], + "it": [ + "scala per misurare la temperatura in cui lo zero è la temperatura del ghiaccio fondente e il 100 quella dell'acqua bollente a pressione normale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fahrenheit scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala Fahrenheit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 32 degrees and the boiling point of water a 212 degrees" + ], + "it": [ + "scala per la misurazione delle temperatura in cui la temperatura del ghiaccio fondente è indicata con 32 e quella dell'acqua bollente a pressìone normale con 212" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kelvin scale", + "absolute scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperature scale that defines absolute zero as 0 degrees; water freezes at 273.16 degrees and boils at 373.16 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rankine scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale of absolute temperature in Fahrenheit degrees; the freezing point of water is 491.69 degrees and the boiling point of water is 671.69 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reaumur scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 80 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage scale", + "wage schedule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schedule of wages paid for different jobs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliding scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wage scale that fluctuates in response to the cost-of-living index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparison" + ], + "it": [ + "comparazione", + "confronto", + "paragone", + "raffronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relation based on similarities and differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaginative comparison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kind of mental comparison that is expressed in similes or metaphors or allegories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge", + "standard of measurement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line or standard by which things are measured or compared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "norm" + ], + "it": [ + "norma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard or model or pattern regarded as typical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opposition", + "oppositeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between opposed entities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct opposite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antithesis" + ], + "it": [ + "antitesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exact opposite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict" + ], + "it": [ + "conflitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opposition in a work of drama or fiction between characters or forces (especially an opposition that motivates the development of the plot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast", + "direct contrast" + ], + "it": [ + "contrapposizione", + "contrasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a different aspect of something (especially the opposite aspect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual opposition", + "polarity" + ], + "it": [ + "polarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between two opposite attributes or tendencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradable opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opposition that is capable of being graded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opposition that can be graded between two extremes or poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarity", + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having an indicated pole (as the distinction between positive and negative electric charges)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positivity", + "positiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the character of the positive electric pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negativity", + "negativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the character of the negative electric pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ungradable opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opposition that has no intermediate grade; either one or the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementarity" + ], + "it": [ + "complementarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between two opposite states or principles that together exhaust the possibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradictoriness" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddittorietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation that exists when opposites cannot coexist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradiction" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddizione", + "contradizione", + "opposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectic" + ], + "it": [ + "dialettica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contradiction of ideas that serves as the determining factor in their interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompatibility", + "mutual exclusiveness", + "inconsistency", + "repugnance" + ], + "it": [ + "incongruenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrary" + ], + "it": [ + "contrario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exact opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrariety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between contraries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tertium quid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some third thing similar to two opposites but distinct from both" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse", + "contrary", + "opposite" + ], + "it": [ + "contrario", + "inverso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation of direct opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inverse", + "opposite" + ], + "it": [ + "contrapposto", + "contrario", + "opposto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something inverted in sequence or character or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difference" + ], + "it": [ + "differenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a significant change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graded change in the magnitude of some physical quantity or dimension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration gradient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradient in concentration of a solute as a function of distance through a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravity gradient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradient in the gravitational forces acting on different parts of a nonspherical object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature gradient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in temperature as a function of distance (especially altitude)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implication", + "logical implication", + "conditional relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logical relation between propositions p and q of the form `if p then q'; if p is true then q cannot be false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between opposing principles or forces or factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid" + ], + "it": [ + "solido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-dimensional shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane", + "sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) an unbounded two-dimensional shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartesian plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane in which all points can be described in Cartesian coordinates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facet plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plane of a facet of an object (as of a cube)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midplane", + "midline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the median plane of the body (or some part of the body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbital plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the plane on which a body is orbiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plane that is in the foreground of a drawing or painting; coextensive with but different from the objective surface of the work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangent plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plane that contains all the lines tangent to a specific point on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape created by natural forces; not man-made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf shape", + "leaf form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the various shape that leaves of plants can assume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilateral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure whose sides are all equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare", + "flair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that spreads outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination of points and lines and planes that form a visible palpable shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure formed by a set of straight lines or light rays meeting at a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane figure", + "two-dimensional figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-dimensional shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid figure", + "three-dimensional figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-dimensional shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subfigure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure that is a part of another figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thickness; the trace of a moving point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything with a round shape resembling a teardrop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convex shape", + "convexity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that curves or bulges outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camber" + ], + "it": [ + "bombatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight convexity (as of the surface of a road)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight convexity in the shaft of a column; compensates for the illusion of concavity that viewers experience when the sides are perfectly straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular shape", + "angularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape having one or more sharp angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concave shape", + "concavity", + "incurvation", + "incurvature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that curves or bends inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder" + ], + "it": [ + "cilindro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi oggetto che abbia la forma di un cilindro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that is curved and without sharp angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conglomeration", + "conglobation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded spherical form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane figure with rounded sides curving inward at the top and intersecting at the bottom; conventionally used on playing cards and valentines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygon", + "polygonal shape" + ], + "it": [ + "poligono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed plane figure bounded by straight sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equiangular polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convex polygon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygon such that no side extended cuts any other side or vertex; it can be cut by a straight line in at most two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concave polygon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygon such that there is a straight line that cuts it in four or more points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reentrant polygon", + "reentering polygon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygon with one or more reentrant angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular polygon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygon with all sides and all angles equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distorted shape", + "distortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape resulting from distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorphous shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ill-defined or arbitrary shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curve", + "curved shape" + ], + "it": [ + "curva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve (such as a circle) having no endpoints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple closed curve", + "Jordan curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed curve that does not intersect itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "S-shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double curve resembling the letter S" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catenary" + ], + "it": [ + "catenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the curve theoretically assumed by a perfectly flexible and inextensible cord of uniform density and cross section hanging freely from two fixed points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cupid's bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the double curve of the upper lip when considered to resemble Cupid's bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave", + "undulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undulating curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrados" + ], + "it": [ + "estradosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exterior curve of an arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gooseneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something in a thin curved form (like the neck of a goose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrados" + ], + "it": [ + "imbotte", + "intradosso", + "sottarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interior curve of an arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bend", + "crook", + "twist", + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "curva", + "giravolta", + "svolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular segment of a curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "crotchet" + ], + "it": [ + "gancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp curve or crook; a shape resembling a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) any hook-shaped process or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve that is tangent to each of a family of curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bend or curve (especially in a coastline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight line" + ], + "it": [ + "retta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line traced by a point traveling in a constant direction; a line of zero curvature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geodesic", + "geodesic line" + ], + "it": [ + "geodetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the shortest line between two points on a mathematically defined surface (as a straight line on a plane or an arc of a great circle on a sphere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpendicular" + ], + "it": [ + "normale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line at right angles to another line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection", + "connexion", + "link" + ], + "it": [ + "nesso", + "rapporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connecting shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asymptote" + ], + "it": [ + "asintoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line that is the limiting value of a curve; can be considered as tangent at infinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line or plane that touches a curve or curved surface at a point but does not intersect it at that point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secant" + ], + "it": [ + "secante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "perimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line enclosing a plane areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line from the center to the perimeter of a circle (or from the center to the surface of a sphere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diameter" + ], + "it": [ + "diametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line connecting the center of a circle with two points on its perimeter (or the center of a sphere with two points on its surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centerline", + "center line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that bisects a plane figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave shape whose distinguishing characteristic is that the concavity faces downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "fossa" + ], + "it": [ + "fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concavity in a surface (especially an anatomical depression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recess", + "recession", + "niche", + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "nicchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small concavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone", + "conoid", + "cone shape" + ], + "it": [ + "conoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape whose base is a circle and whose sides taper up to a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funnel", + "funnel shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical shape with a wider and a narrower opening at the two ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conic section", + "conic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) a curve generated by the intersection of a plane and a circular cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point or set of points common to two or more geometric configurations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane figure that deviates from a square or circle due to elongation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo", + "cerchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchia", + "cerchio", + "chiostra", + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something approximating the shape of a circle" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto che per forma o funzione ricorda un cerchio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equator" + ], + "it": [ + "equatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circle dividing a sphere or other surface into two usually equal and symmetrical parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semicircle", + "hemicycle" + ], + "it": [ + "semicerchio", + "semicircolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane figure with the shape of half a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc" + ], + "it": [ + "arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous portion of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "crenation", + "crenature", + "crenel", + "crenelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of rounded projections (or the notches between them) formed by curves along an edge (as the edge of a leaf or piece of cloth or the margin of a shell or a shriveled red blood cell observed in a hypertonic solution etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chord" + ], + "it": [ + "corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line connecting two points on a curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk", + "disc", + "saucer" + ], + "it": [ + "disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "halo", + "annulus", + "doughnut", + "anchor ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toroidal shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything with a round or oval shape (formed by a curve that is closed and does not intersect itself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loop in a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil", + "whorl", + "roll", + "curl", + "curlicue", + "ringlet", + "gyre", + "scroll" + ], + "it": [ + "cartoccio", + "spirale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral" + ], + "it": [ + "spirale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane curve traced by a point circling about the center but at increasing distances from the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helix", + "spiral" + ], + "it": [ + "elica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve that lies on the surface of a cylinder or cone and cuts the element at a constant angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double helix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve that reverses the direction of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eccentricity" + ], + "it": [ + "eccentricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) a ratio describing the shape of a conic section; the ratio of the distance between the foci to the length of the major axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line that generates a cylinder or cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element of a cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line joining the apex and a point on the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element of a cylinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line running the length of the cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helix angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constant angle at which a helix cuts the elements of a cylinder or cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kink", + "twist", + "twirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp bend in a line produced when a line having a loop is pulled tight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirl", + "swirl", + "vortex", + "convolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shape of something rotating rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ellipse", + "oval" + ], + "it": [ + "ellisse", + "ellissi", + "ovale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square", + "foursquare" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) a plane rectangle with four equal sides and four right angles; a four-sided regular polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something approximating the shape of a square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square-shaped object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrilateral", + "quadrangle", + "tetragon" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrangolo", + "quadrilatero", + "tetragono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a four-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangle", + "trigon", + "trilateral" + ], + "it": [ + "triangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something approximating the shape of a triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute triangle", + "acute-angled triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle whose interior angles are all acute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilateral triangle", + "equiangular triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-sided regular polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object shaped like an equilateral triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isosceles triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle with two equal sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblique triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle that contains no right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtuse triangle", + "obtuse-angled triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle that contains an obtuse interior angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right triangle", + "right-angled triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle with one right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalene triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangle with no two sides of equal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular polygon formed by extending each of the sides of a regular hexagon to form two equilateral triangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) one of a set of parallel geometric figures (parallel lines or planes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallelogram" + ], + "it": [ + "parallelogramma", + "parallelogrammo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are both parallel and equal in length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadrilateral with no parallel sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadrilateral with two parallel sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane figure with 5 or more points; often used as an emblem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterism" + ], + "it": [ + "asterismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mineralogy) a star-shaped figure with six rays that is seen in some crystal structures under reflected or transmitted light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentacle", + "pentagram", + "pentangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star with 5 points; formed by 5 straight lines between the vertices of a pentagon and enclosing another pentagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentagon" + ], + "it": [ + "pentagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a five-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexagon" + ], + "it": [ + "esagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a six-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular hexagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hexagon with six sides of equal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heptagon" + ], + "it": [ + "eptagono", + "ettagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seven-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octagon" + ], + "it": [ + "ottagono", + "ottangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eight-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonagon" + ], + "it": [ + "nonagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nine-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decagon" + ], + "it": [ + "decagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygon with 10 sides and 10 angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undecagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eleven-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodecagon" + ], + "it": [ + "dodecagono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twelve-sided polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhombus", + "rhomb", + "diamond" + ], + "it": [ + "losanga", + "rombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parallelogram with four equal sides; an oblique-angled equilateral parallelogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhomboid" + ], + "it": [ + "romboide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parallelogram with adjacent sides of unequal lengths; an oblique-angled parallelogram with only the opposite sides equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectangle" + ], + "it": [ + "rettangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parallelogram with four right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ], + "it": [ + "casella", + "quadretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical polygon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure on the surface of a sphere bounded by arcs of 3 or more great circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spherical polygon formed by the arcs of 3 great circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyhedron" + ], + "it": [ + "poliedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid figure bounded by plane polygons or faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convex polyhedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron any plane section of which is a convex polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concave polyhedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron some of whose plane sections are concave polygons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces (the bases) and whose lateral faces are parallelograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallelepiped", + "parallelopiped", + "parallelepipedon", + "parallelopipedon" + ], + "it": [ + "parallelepipedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prism whose bases are parallelograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuboid" + ], + "it": [ + "parallelepipedo rettangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular parallelepiped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrangular prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prism whose bases are quadrangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangular prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prism whose bases are triangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinuosity", + "sinuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortuosity", + "tortuousness", + "torsion", + "contortion", + "crookedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tortuous and twisted shape or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warp", + "buckle" + ], + "it": [ + "svergolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape distorted by twisting or folding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot", + "gnarl" + ], + "it": [ + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something twisted and tight and swollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved shape in the vertical plane that spans an opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell", + "bell shape", + "campana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shape of a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parabola" + ], + "it": [ + "parabola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane curve formed by the intersection of a right circular cone and a plane parallel to an element of the curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open curve formed by a plane that cuts the base of a right circular cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furcation", + "forking" + ], + "it": [ + "biforcazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where something divides into branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifurcation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where something divides into two branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifurcation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bifurcating branch (one or both of them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp change in direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zigzag", + "zig", + "zag" + ], + "it": [ + "zig zag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angular shape characterized by sharp turns in alternating directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementary angles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two angles whose sum is a right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular distance" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza angolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angular separation between two objects as perceived by an observer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour angle", + "HA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascension for an observer at a particular location and time of day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true anomaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angular distance of a point in an orbit past the point of periapsis measured in degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle formed by two straight lines (in the same plane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle formed at the intersection of the arcs of two great circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid angle" + ], + "it": [ + "sterangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle formed by three or more planes intersecting at a common point (the vertex)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclination", + "angle of inclination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) the angle formed by the x-axis and a given line (measured counterclockwise from the positive half of the x-axis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclination", + "inclination of an orbit" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the angle between the plane of the orbit and the plane of the ecliptic stated in degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reentrant angle", + "reentering angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interior angle of a polygon that is greater than 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salient angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle pointing outward; an interior angle of a polygon that is less than 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior angle", + "internal angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle inside two adjacent sides of a polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exterior angle", + "external angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supplement of an interior angle of a polygon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) the exterior angle formed by the junction of a sloping side and a sloping end of a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle of incidence", + "incidence angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle that a line makes with a line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle of attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acute angle between the direction of the undisturbed relative wind and the chord of an airfoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critical angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest angle of incidence for which light is totally reflected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle of reflection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle between a reflected ray and a line perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle of refraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle between a refracted ray and a line perpendicular to the surface between the two media at the point of refraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle of extinction", + "extinction angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle from its axis that a crystal must be rotated before appearing maximally dark when viewed in polarized light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle less than 90 degrees but more than 0 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtuse angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle between 90 and 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogleg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angle that resembles the hind leg of a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right angle" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo retto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 90 degree angle between two perpendicular lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblique angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle that is not a right angle or a multiple of a right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflex angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle greater than 180 degrees (but less than 360)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perigon", + "round angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angle of 360 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle between the face of a cutting tool and the surface of the work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip", + "angle of dip", + "magnetic dip", + "magnetic inclination", + "inclination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the angle that a magnetic needle makes with the plane of the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle between the direction a gun is aimed and the position of a moving target (correcting for the flight time of the missile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic declination", + "magnetic variation", + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle (at a particular location) between magnetic north and true north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azimuth", + "AZ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the azimuth of a celestial body is the angle between the vertical plane containing it and the plane of the meridian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl", + "trough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave shape with an open top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groove", + "channel" + ], + "it": [ + "incavo", + "solco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow furrow cut either by a natural process (such as erosion) or by a tool (as e.g. a groove in a phonograph record)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rut" + ], + "it": [ + "carreggiata", + "rotaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a groove or furrow (especially one in soft earth caused by wheels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop", + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow concave shape made by removing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulge", + "bump", + "hump", + "swelling", + "gibbosity", + "gibbousness", + "jut", + "prominence", + "protuberance", + "protrusion", + "extrusion", + "excrescence" + ], + "it": [ + "gobba", + "protuberanza", + "rigonfiamento", + "sporgenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part that bulges deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caput" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headlike protuberance on an organ or structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mogul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bump on a ski slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nub", + "nubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lump or protuberance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp protuberance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small rounded protuberance (as on certain plants or animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node", + "knob", + "thickening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any thickened enlargement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "arc" + ], + "it": [ + "arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something curved in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crescent" + ], + "it": [ + "falce", + "mezza luna", + "mezzaluna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shape resembling the curved shape of the moon in its first or last quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression", + "impression", + "imprint" + ], + "it": [ + "impressione", + "impronta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concavity in a surface produced by pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimple" + ], + "it": [ + "buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any slight depression in a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperboloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadric surface generated by rotating a hyperbola around its main axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraboloid" + ], + "it": [ + "paraboloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface having parabolic sections parallel to a single coordinate axis and elliptic sections perpendicular to that axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ellipsoid" + ], + "it": [ + "ellissoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface whose plane sections are all ellipses or circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank" + ], + "it": [ + "fianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subfigure consisting of a side of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypotenuse" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotenusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to the opposite vertex (or side if parallel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance", + "equilibrium", + "equipoise", + "counterbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symmetrical arrangement of the parts of a thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symmetry", + "proportion" + ], + "it": [ + "simmetria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balance among the parts of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disproportion" + ], + "it": [ + "sproporzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of proportion; imbalance among the parts of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spheroid", + "ellipsoid of revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that is generated by rotating an ellipse around one of its axes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-dimensional closed surface such that every point on the surface is equidistant from the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemisphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half of a sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphere" + ], + "it": [ + "sfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid figure bounded by a spherical surface (including the space it encloses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball", + "globe", + "orb" + ], + "it": [ + "palla", + "globo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object with a spherical shape" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto di forma sferica o tondeggiante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface generated by rotating a parallel line around a fixed line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torus", + "toroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring-shaped surface generated by rotating a circle around an axis that does not intersect the circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doughnut-shaped object enclosed by a torus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column", + "tower", + "pillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that resembles a feather in shape or lightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small column (or structure resembling a column) that is a part of a plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a column of weathered and unusually shaped rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel", + "drum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulging cylindrical shape; hollow with flat ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe", + "tube" + ], + "it": [ + "cannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow cylindrical shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellet" + ], + "it": [ + "pallottola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolus" + ], + "it": [ + "bolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round soft mass (as of chewed food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "bead", + "pearl" + ], + "it": [ + "goccia", + "gocciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that is spherical and small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dewdrop" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "goccia di rugiada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop of dew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teardrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything shaped like a falling drop (as a pendant gem on an earring)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long raised strip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i109999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge on a corrugated surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ], + "it": [ + "ciglio", + "estremità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shape of a raised edge of a more or less circular object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "tip", + "peak" + ], + "it": [ + "apice", + "cocuzzolo", + "cucuzzolo", + "culmine", + "sommità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a V shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convex shape that narrows toward a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadric", + "quadric surface" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve or surface whose equation (in Cartesian coordinates) is of the second degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boundary", + "edge", + "bound" + ], + "it": [ + "limite", + "bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line determining the limits of an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin", + "border", + "perimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "margine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periphery", + "fringe", + "outer boundary" + ], + "it": [ + "periferia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outside boundary or surface of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brink", + "threshold", + "verge" + ], + "it": [ + "bordo", + "ciglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region marking a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper bound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a number equal to or greater than any other number in a given set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower bound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a number equal to or less than any other number in a given set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonal", + "bias" + ], + "it": [ + "diagonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) a straight line connecting any two vertices of a polygon that are not adjacent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ], + "it": [ + "cunetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in an otherwise level surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cup-shaped concavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incision", + "scratch", + "prick", + "slit", + "dent" + ], + "it": [ + "graffiatura", + "graffio", + "intaccatura", + "intaglio", + "sgraffiatura", + "sgraffio", + "tacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression scratched or carved into a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incisure", + "incisura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a notch or small hollow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a V-shaped indentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "scotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sag", + "droop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shape that sags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrinkle", + "furrow", + "crease", + "crinkle", + "seam", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaccatura", + "grinza", + "ruga", + "solco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow's foot", + "crow's feet", + "laugh line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrinkle in the skin at the outer corner of your eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatoglyphic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lines that form patterns on the skin (especially on the fingertips and the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frown line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facial wrinkle associated with frowning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of life", + "life line", + "lifeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crease on the palm; its length is said by palmists to indicate how long you will live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of heart", + "heart line", + "love line", + "mensal line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crease on the palm; palmists say it indicates your emotional nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of fate", + "line of destiny", + "line of Saturn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crease on the palm; palmists say it indicates how successful you will be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crevice", + "cranny", + "crack", + "fissure", + "chap" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "crepa", + "crepaccio", + "fenditura", + "scissura", + "spaccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow depression in a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "crease", + "plication", + "flexure", + "crimp", + "bend" + ], + "it": [ + "piega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angular or rounded shape made by folding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pucker", + "ruck" + ], + "it": [ + "grinza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular fold in an otherwise even surface (as in cloth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indentation", + "indenture" + ], + "it": [ + "articolazione", + "frastagliamento", + "frastagliatura", + "rientranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave cut into a surface or edge (as in a coastline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleft" + ], + "it": [ + "scissura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stria", + "striation" + ], + "it": [ + "striatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of tiny parallel grooves such as: the scratches left by a glacier on rocks or the streaks or ridges in muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulette", + "line roulette" + ], + "it": [ + "roulette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line generated by a point on one figure rolling around a second figure" + ], + "it": [ + "curva generata da una figura che rotola su di un'altra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycloid" + ], + "it": [ + "cicloide", + "trocoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line generated by a point on a circle rolling along a straight line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curate cycloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cycloid generated by a point inside the rolling circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolate cycloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cycloid generated by a point outside the rolling circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sine curve", + "sinusoid" + ], + "it": [ + "sinusoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the curve of y=sin x" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicycle" + ], + "it": [ + "epiciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circle that rolls around (inside or outside) another circle; generates an epicycloid or hypocycloid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicycloid" + ], + "it": [ + "curva epicicloide", + "epicicloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line generated by a point on a circle rolling around another circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardioid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epicycloid in which the rolling circle equals the fixed circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocycloid" + ], + "it": [ + "ipocicloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line generated by a point on a circle that rolls around inside another circle" + ], + "it": [ + "curva piana appartenente alla categoria delle roulette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shapelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mancanza di forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amorphous or indefinite shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indistinct shapeless form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "void", + "vacancy", + "emptiness", + "vacuum" + ], + "it": [ + "vuoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empty area or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empty area (usually bounded in some way between things)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollow" + ], + "it": [ + "buca", + "buco", + "cavernosità", + "cavo", + "incavatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavity or space in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connecting point at which several lines come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulation", + "join", + "joint", + "juncture", + "junction" + ], + "it": [ + "congiunzione", + "raccordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shape or manner in which things come together and a connection is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unoccupied space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavity", + "enclosed space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space that is surrounded by something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bowling) the space between the headpin and the pins behind it on the right or left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "dot" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small circular shape" + ], + "it": [ + "figura tondeggiante o segno che occupi una posizione minima o appaia piccolissimo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tiny hole admitting passage of a liquid (fluid or gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree", + "tree diagram" + ], + "it": [ + "diagramma ad albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure that branches from a single root" + ], + "it": [ + "una figura che da una singola radice si divide in rami;" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cladogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree diagram used to illustrate phylogenetic relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree diagram showing a reconstruction of the transmission of manuscripts of a literary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalweg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the chief navigable channel of a waterway that forms the boundary line between states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur", + "spine", + "acantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sharply pointed projection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constriction", + "bottleneck", + "chokepoint" + ], + "it": [ + "strettoia", + "strozzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrowing that reduces the flow through a channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facet" + ], + "it": [ + "faccetta", + "sfaccettatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth surface (as of a bone or cut gemstone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line segment whose length is magnitude and whose orientation in space is direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a straight line extending from a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "mold", + "mould", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "calco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distinctive form in which a thing is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch", + "leg", + "ramification" + ], + "it": [ + "biforcazione", + "diramazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a forked or branching shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a branching or armlike part of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fork", + "crotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the angle formed by the junction of two branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouch", + "sac", + "sack", + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block", + "cube" + ], + "it": [ + "cubetto", + "cubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ], + "it": [ + "piramide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron having a polygonal base and triangular sides with a common vertex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg-shaped object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "tetraedro", + "tetragono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having four plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "pentaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having five plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "esaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having six plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhombohedron" + ], + "it": [ + "romboedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parallelepiped bounded by six similar faces (either rhombuses or parallelograms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "ottaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having eight plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "decaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having ten plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodecahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "dodecaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having twelve plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icosahedron" + ], + "it": [ + "icosaedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any polyhedron having twenty plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular polyhedron", + "regular convex solid", + "regular convex polyhedron", + "Platonic body", + "Platonic solid", + "ideal solid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of five solids whose faces are congruent regular polygons and whose polyhedral angles are all congruent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyhedral angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space enclosed by three or more planes that intersect in a vertex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle formed by two edges of a polyhedral angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular tetrahedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tetrahedron with four equilateral triangular faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube", + "regular hexahedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hexahedron with six equal squares as faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tesseract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the four-dimensional analogue of a cube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cubelike object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular dodecahedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dodecahedron with twelve regular pentagons as faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular octahedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an octahedron with eight equilateral triangles as faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular icosahedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an icosahedron with twenty equilateral triangles as faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frustum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truncated cone or pyramid; the part that is left when a cone or pyramid is cut by a plane parallel to the base and the apical part is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncated pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frustum formed from a pyramid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncated cone" + ], + "it": [ + "cono tronco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frustum formed from a cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prismatoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron whose vertices all lie in one or the other of two parallel planes; the faces that lie in those planes are the bases of the prismatoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prismoid" + ], + "it": [ + "prismoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prismatoid whose bases are polygons having the same number of sides and whose other faces are trapezoids or parallelograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail", + "tail end" + ], + "it": [ + "coda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any projection that resembles the tail of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue", + "knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long thin projection that is transient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilt angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle a rocket makes with the vertical as it curves along its trajectory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezohedron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyhedron whose faces are trapeziums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two equal and opposite angles formed by the intersection of two straight lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verticil" + ], + "it": [ + "verticillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whorl of leaves growing around a stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view angle", + "angle of view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle included by a photographic lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the channel or break produced by erosion of relatively soft soil by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle of arrival (or departure) of a radio wave with respect to the axis of an antenna array" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge", + "wedge shape", + "cuneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shape that is triangular in cross section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ], + "it": [ + "risalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any solid convex shape that juts out from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection or ridge that suggests a keel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being split or cleft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that is intermediate between extremes; a middle position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornamentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being ornamented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition", + "status" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione", + "stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of circumstances that affect someone's welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illness, disease, or other medical problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being secured to a base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general condition of body and mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular functioning condition or arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being conditional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the lowest energy state of an atom or other particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niche", + "ecological niche" + ], + "it": [ + "nicchia ecologica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) the status of an organism within its environment and community (affecting its survival as a species)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise conditions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being noisy (as in a communication channel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "participation", + "involvement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of sharing in common with others (as fellows or partners etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepossession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being prepossessed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regularization", + "regularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having been made regular (or more regular)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturation" + ], + "it": [ + "saturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which a quantity no longer responds to some external influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturation point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the stage at which a substance will receive no more of another substance in solution or in a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being silent (as when no one is speaking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situation", + "position" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione", + "situazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition or position in which you find yourself" + ], + "it": [ + "una condizione o posizione in cui ci si trova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski conditions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount and state of snow for skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niche" + ], + "it": [ + "nicchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status or fact of being elected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having been proposed as a suitable candidate for appointment or election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "shoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poverty trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which an increase in income results in a loss of benefits so that you are no better off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stymie", + "stymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in golf where an opponent's ball blocks the line between your ball and the hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situation", + "state of affairs" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione", + "situazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time" + ], + "it": [ + "lo stato generale delle cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absurd", + "the absurd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which life seems irrational and meaningless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of connectedness between people (especially an emotional connection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione", + "rapporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state involving mutual dealings between people or parties or countries" + ], + "it": [ + "state che coinvolge persone o paesi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribalism" + ], + "it": [ + "tribalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of living together in tribes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account", + "business relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "conto", + "cliente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal contractual relationship established to provide for regular banking or brokerage or business services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brokerage account of someone who sells short (sells securities he does not own)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood brotherhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the friendship characteristic of blood brothers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company", + "companionship", + "fellowship", + "society" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being with someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidence", + "trust" + ], + "it": [ + "confidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trustful relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freemasonry" + ], + "it": [ + "intesa", + "massoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural or instinctive fellowship between people of similar interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquaintance", + "acquaintanceship" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relationship less intimate than friendship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiliation", + "association", + "tie", + "tie-up" + ], + "it": [ + "rapporto", + "affiliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social or business relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaclisis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) relationship marked by strong dependence on others; especially a libidinal attachment to e.g. a parental figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being assimilated; people of different backgrounds come to see themselves as part of a larger national family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendship", + "friendly relationship" + ], + "it": [ + "amicizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being friends (or friendly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrigue" + ], + "it": [ + "intrigo", + "tresca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clandestine love affair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love affair", + "romance" + ], + "it": [ + "avventura", + "flirt", + "romanzetto", + "storia d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relationship between two lovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual relationship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relationship involving sexual intimacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affair", + "affaire", + "intimacy", + "liaison", + "involvement", + "amour" + ], + "it": [ + "amorazzo", + "intimità", + "love story", + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually secretive or illicit sexual relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utopia" + ], + "it": [ + "utopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ideally perfect state; especially in its social and political and moral aspects" + ], + "it": [ + "lo stato ideale perfetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dystopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state in which the conditions of life are extremely bad as from deprivation or oppression or terror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being acceptable and accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballgame", + "new ballgame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular situation that is radically different from the preceding situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ], + "it": [ + "disfida", + "sfida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demanding or stimulating situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being without offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation or condition that is complex or confused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict of interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which a public official's decisions are influenced by the official's personal interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisis" + ], + "it": [ + "crisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowding" + ], + "it": [ + "affollamento", + "assiepamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which people or things are crowded together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critical situation that arises because of a shortage (as a shortage of time or money or resources)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disequilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of equilibrium attributable to an unstable situation in which some forces outweigh others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the situation in which you are happiest and most effective" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione di agio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environment" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the totality of surrounding conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibrium" + ], + "it": [ + "equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stable situation in which forces cancel one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "estromissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being excluded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldfish bowl", + "fish bowl", + "fishbowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of affairs in which you have no privacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornet's nest", + "hornets' nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly contentious or hazardous situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotbed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation that is ideal for rapid development (especially of something bad)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot potato" + ], + "it": [ + "patata bollente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "how-do-you-do", + "how-d'ye-do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbroglio", + "embroilment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate and confusing interpersonal or political situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "inserimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being included" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the situation of being or dying without a legally valid will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican standoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which no one can emerge as a clear winner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightmare", + "incubus" + ], + "it": [ + "incubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation resembling a terrifying dream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-win situation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which a favorable outcome is impossible; you are bound to lose whatever you do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "strait", + "straits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad or difficult situation or state of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture", + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation treated as an observable object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison", + "prison house" + ], + "it": [ + "carcere", + "galera", + "prigionia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prisonlike situation; a place of seeming confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purgatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary condition of torment or suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being rejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size", + "size of it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actual state of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square one" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the situation in which you begin an endeavor and to which you return if your efforts fail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "status quo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the existing state of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp" + ], + "it": [ + "pantano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation fraught with difficulties and imponderables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standardization", + "standardisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition in which a standard has been successfully established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatism" + ], + "it": [ + "stigmatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(optics) condition of an optical system (as a lens) in which light rays from a single point converge in a single focal point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astigmatism", + "astigmia" + ], + "it": [ + "astigmatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(optics) defect in an optical system in which light rays from a single point fail to converge in a single focal point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratification", + "social stratification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being arranged in social strata or classes within a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild", + "natural state", + "state of nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild primitive state untouched by civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of things generally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being an isomer; the complex of chemical and physical phenomena characteristic of isomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree", + "level", + "stage", + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "grado", + "fase", + "stadio", + "passaggio", + "livello", + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle fasi in cui si articola un processo, o ciascuno dei momenti intermedi di una progressione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascending stages by which somebody or something can progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acme", + "height", + "elevation", + "peak", + "pinnacle", + "summit", + "superlative", + "meridian", + "tiptop", + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "acme", + "apice", + "apogeo", + "cima", + "colmo", + "culmine", + "fastigio", + "sommità", + "auge", + "top", + "vertice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development" + ], + "it": [ + "il livello o il grado più alto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extent" + ], + "it": [ + "entità", + "misura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point or degree to which something extends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resultant", + "end point" + ], + "it": [ + "resultante", + "risultante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final point in a process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard of living", + "standard of life" + ], + "it": [ + "standard di vita", + "tenore di vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level of material comfort in terms of goods and services available to someone or some group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane" + ], + "it": [ + "livello", + "piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level of existence or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state of the art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest degree of development of an art or technique at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultimacy", + "ultimateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or degree of being ultimate; the final or most extreme in degree or size or time or distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest or utmost degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profoundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremeness of degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expected or commonplace condition or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstance" + ], + "it": [ + "circostanza", + "congiuntura", + "occasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or condition of having no home (especially the state of living in the streets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagrancy" + ], + "it": [ + "vagabondaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of wandering from place to place; having no permanent home or means of livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "event", + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special set of circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinge" + ], + "it": [ + "cardine", + "pernio", + "perno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circumstance upon which subsequent events depend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circumstances under which competition occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "faccenda", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special situation" + ], + "it": [ + "una particolare situazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time bomb", + "ticking bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problematic situation that will eventually become dangerous if not addressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinderbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dangerous state of affairs; a situation that is a potential source of violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urgency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urgent situation calling for prompt action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congestion", + "over-crowding" + ], + "it": [ + "affollamento", + "congestionamento", + "congestione", + "sopraffollamento", + "sovraffollamento", + "superaffollamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive crowding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinstatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being reinstated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office", + "power" + ], + "it": [ + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione di chi esercita potere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive clemency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power (usually of a president or governor) to pardon or commute the sentence of someone convicted in that jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extraordinary power exercised (usually by the executive branch) in the prosecution of a war and involving an extension of the powers that the government normally has in peacetime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "status", + "position" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione", + "status", + "stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione sociale di una persona e di un gruppo sociale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equality", + "equivalence", + "equation", + "par" + ], + "it": [ + "eguaglianza", + "equivalenza", + "parità", + "uguaglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being essentially equal or equivalent; equally balanced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egality", + "egalite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social and political equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of score in a contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tie in tennis or table tennis that requires winning two successive points to win the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social station", + "social status", + "social rank", + "rank" + ], + "it": [ + "grado", + "rango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position in a social hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proper or designated social situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proper or appropriate position or location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high social status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social or financial or professional status or reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high status" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of superior status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center stage", + "centre stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of prominence or importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stardom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being acknowledged as a star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "championship", + "title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being a champion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) an unofficial title won by a batter who leads the league in hitting average, runs batted in, and home runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(horse racing) a title won by a horse that can win the Kentucky Derby and the Belmont Stakes and the Preakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of superiority over opponents or competitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seniority", + "senior status", + "higher status", + "higher rank" + ], + "it": [ + "anzianità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "higher rank than that of others especially by reason of longer service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precedence", + "precedency", + "priority" + ], + "it": [ + "precedenza", + "priorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "status established in order of importance or urgency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduced priority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "top priority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcendence", + "transcendency", + "superiority" + ], + "it": [ + "trascendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of excelling or surpassing or going beyond usual limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position attracting much attention and publicity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Order", + "Order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the status or rank or office of a Christian clergyman in an ecclesiastical hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low status", + "lowness", + "lowliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of inferior status; low in station or rank or fortune or estimation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferiority", + "lower status", + "lower rank" + ], + "it": [ + "inferiorità", + "subalternità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary or inferior position or status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of relative inferiority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinateness", + "subsidiarity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secondary importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handmaid", + "handmaiden", + "servant" + ], + "it": [ + "ancella", + "serva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a subordinate position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior status" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a junior position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subservience", + "subservientness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a subservient state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal status" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a status defined by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal status of a person who is alive but who has been deprived of the rights and privileges of a citizen or a member of society; the legal status of one sentenced to life imprisonment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villeinage", + "villainage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal status or condition of servitude of a villein or feudal serf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastardy", + "illegitimacy", + "bar sinister" + ], + "it": [ + "bastardaggine", + "illegittimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being born to parents who were not married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left-handedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being born of a morganatic marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citizenship" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadinanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of a citizen with rights and duties" + ], + "it": [ + "status di un cittadino con propri diritti e doveri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ], + "it": [ + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of highest authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationality" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadinanza", + "nazionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of belonging to a particular nation by birth or naturalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footing", + "terms" + ], + "it": [ + "rapporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "status with respect to the relations between people or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retirement" + ], + "it": [ + "pensionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being retired from one's business or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "being", + "beingness", + "existence" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenza", + "essere", + "sussistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or fact of existing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actuality" + ], + "it": [ + "attualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of actually existing objectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entelechy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Aristotle) the state of something that is fully realized; actuality as opposed to potentiality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genuineness" + ], + "it": [ + "autenticità", + "genuinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being genuine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reality", + "realness", + "realism" + ], + "it": [ + "realtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being actual or real" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fact" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event known to have happened or something known to have existed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reality" + ], + "it": [ + "realtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of the world as it really is rather than as you might want it to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historicalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having in fact existed in the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truth", + "the true", + "verity", + "trueness" + ], + "it": [ + "verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity to reality or actuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eternity", + "timelessness", + "timeless existence" + ], + "it": [ + "eternità", + "eterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of eternal existence believed in some religions to characterize the afterlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preexistence" + ], + "it": [ + "preesistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "existing in a former state or previous to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coexistence" + ], + "it": [ + "coesistenza", + "convivenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "existing peacefully together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eternal life", + "life eternal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life without beginning or end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsistence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of existing in reality; having substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence" + ], + "it": [ + "presenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being present; current existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immanence", + "immanency" + ], + "it": [ + "immanenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being within or not going beyond a given domain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inherence", + "inherency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of inhering; the state of being a fixed characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ubiety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of existing and being localized in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ubiquity", + "ubiquitousness", + "omnipresence" + ], + "it": [ + "onnipresenza", + "ubiquità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being everywhere at once (or seeming to be everywhere at once)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hereness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being here in this place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thereness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being there--not here--in position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thereness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "real existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occurrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of something occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allopatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of related organisms in separate geographical areas with no overlap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of organisms in overlapping geographical areas, but without interbreeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dominating and pervasive presence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonbeing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of not being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonexistence", + "nonentity" + ], + "it": [ + "inesistenza", + "insussistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of not existing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unreality", + "irreality" + ], + "it": [ + "irrealtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being insubstantial or imaginary; not existing objectively or in fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "out of touch with reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsity", + "falseness" + ], + "it": [ + "falsità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being false or untrue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spuriousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of lacking genuineness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absence" + ], + "it": [ + "mancanza", + "assenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonoccurrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence by virtue of not occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awayness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being elsewhere than in particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenza", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the course of existence of an individual; the actions and events that occur in living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animation", + "life", + "living", + "aliveness" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenza", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of living or the state of being alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin" + ], + "it": [ + "ghirba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's skin regarded as their life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survival", + "endurance" + ], + "it": [ + "conservazione", + "sopravvivenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of surviving; remaining alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsistence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of surviving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death" + ], + "it": [ + "morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of life or state of being dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest", + "eternal rest", + "sleep", + "eternal sleep", + "quietus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "euphemisms for death (based on an analogy between lying in a bed and in a tomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction", + "defunctness" + ], + "it": [ + "estinzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "no longer in existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenza", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic state or mode of living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any segregated mode of living or working that results from bias or stereotyping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcendence", + "transcendency" + ], + "it": [ + "trascendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being or existence above and beyond the limits of material experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marital status" + ], + "it": [ + "stato civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being married or unmarried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage", + "matrimony", + "union", + "spousal relationship", + "wedlock" + ], + "it": [ + "connubio", + "matrimonio", + "unione matrimoniale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigamy" + ], + "it": [ + "bigamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having two spouses at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluntary union for life (or until divorce) of adult parties of the same sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common-law marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage relationship created by agreement and cohabitation rather than by ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endogamy", + "intermarriage", + "inmarriage" + ], + "it": [ + "endogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marriage within one's own tribe or group as required by custom or law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exogamy", + "intermarriage" + ], + "it": [ + "esogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage of convenience" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio di convenienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage for expediency rather than love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misalliance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsuitable alliance (especially with regard to marriage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesalliance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage with a person of inferior social status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monandry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having only one husband at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogamy", + "monogamousness" + ], + "it": [ + "monogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having only one spouse at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogyny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having only one wife at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial monogamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succession of short monogamous relationships (as by someone who undergoes multiple divorces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage in which each partner is free to enter into extraneous sexual relationships without guilt or jealousy from the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoldom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a husband whose wife has committed adultery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyandry" + ], + "it": [ + "poliandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having more than one husband at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygamy" + ], + "it": [ + "poligamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having more than one spouse at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygyny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having more than one wife at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Shiite tradition of temporary marriage permitted in Iran that allows a couple to specify the terms of their relationship; can last from a few minutes to 99 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celibacy" + ], + "it": [ + "celibato", + "scapolaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmarried status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virginity" + ], + "it": [ + "illibatezza", + "verginità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition or quality of being a virgin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelorhood" + ], + "it": [ + "celibato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being an unmarried man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinsterhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a spinster (usually an elderly unmarried woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widowhood" + ], + "it": [ + "vedovaggio", + "vedovanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a widow who has not remarried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment", + "employ" + ], + "it": [ + "collocamento", + "occupazione", + "lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being employed or having a job" + ], + "it": [ + "la condizione dell'avere un'occupazione, come fenomeno sociale e politico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployment" + ], + "it": [ + "disoccupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unemployed or not having a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "established customary state (especially of society)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil order", + "polity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of government of a social organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of order in which events conform to the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tranquillity", + "tranquility", + "quiet" + ], + "it": [ + "calma", + "tranquillità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an untroubled state; free from disturbances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmony", + "concord", + "concordance" + ], + "it": [ + "armonia", + "concordia", + "equilibrio", + "rispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harmonious state of things in general and of their properties (as of colors and sounds); congruity of parts with one another and with the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace" + ], + "it": [ + "pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmonious relations; freedom from disputes" + ], + "it": [ + "relazioni armoniose", + "concordia nella vita sociale o nei rapporti interpersonali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or atmosphere of harmony or mutual civility and respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comity of nations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courteous respect by one nation for the laws and institutions of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stability" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stable order (especially of society)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace" + ], + "it": [ + "pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state prevailing during the absence of war" + ], + "it": [ + "lo stato determinato dall'assenza di guerra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of friendship and cordiality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peaceableness", + "peacefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "calma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that is calm and tranquil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being appeased or ameliorated or tempered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armistice", + "cease-fire", + "truce" + ], + "it": [ + "armistizio", + "cessate il fuoco", + "tregua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement", + "accord" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo", + "affiatamento", + "armonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmony of people's opinions or actions or characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community", + "community of interests" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement as to goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conciliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of manifesting goodwill and cooperation after being reconciled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrence", + "meeting of minds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of cooperation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consensus" + ], + "it": [ + "consenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense of the meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general agreement reached by an assembled group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unanimity" + ], + "it": [ + "unanimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everyone being of one mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corresponding exactly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implicit agreement among people that results in the organization of society; individual surrenders liberty in return for protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disturbance of the peace or of public order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anarchy", + "lawlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "anarchia", + "caos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihilism" + ], + "it": [ + "nichilismo", + "nihilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete denial of all established authority and institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency of some cellular element of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocytopenia", + "haematocytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally low number of red blood cells in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal deficiency in all blood cells (red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets); usually associated with bone marrow tumor or with aplastic anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunological disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunocompetence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to develop an immune response following exposure to an antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunodeficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunological disorder in which some part of the body's immune system is inadequate and resistance to infectious diseases is reduced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunosuppression" + ], + "it": [ + "immunosoppressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lowering the body's normal immune response to invasion by foreign substances; can be deliberate (as in lowering the immune response to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ) or incidental (as a side effect of radiotherapy or chemotherapy for cancer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being bloody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompatibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(immunology) the degree to which the body's immune system will try to reject foreign material (as transfused blood or transplanted tissue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histoincompatibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incompatibility in which one person's tissue cannot be transplanted to another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rh incompatibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incompatibility of Rh blood types; a transfusion of Rh-positive blood given to a Rh-negative person (or vice versa) can result in hemolysis and anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confusion" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "rimescolio", + "scompiglio", + "sconquasso", + "subbuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demoralization", + "demoralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of disorder and confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy confusion and turbulence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaos", + "pandemonium", + "bedlam", + "topsy-turvydom", + "topsy-turvyness" + ], + "it": [ + "Babele", + "babele", + "babilonia", + "baraonda", + "caos", + "diavolio", + "finimondo", + "iradiddio", + "marasma", + "marasmo", + "mercato", + "pandemonio", + "scenata", + "scompiglio", + "sfuriata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme confusion and disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balagan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word for chaos or fiasco borrowed from modern Hebrew (where it is a loan word from Russian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hugger-mugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schemozzle", + "shemozzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a confused situation or affair; a mess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rioting", + "riot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of disorder involving group violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowdiness", + "rowdyism", + "roughness", + "disorderliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rowdy behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturbance", + "disruption", + "commotion", + "flutter", + "hurly burly", + "to-do", + "hoo-ha", + "hoo-hah", + "kerfuffle" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "fermento", + "sommovimento", + "tumulto", + "turbamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorderly outburst or tumult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulsion", + "turmoil", + "upheaval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthquake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disturbance that is extremely disruptive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incident" + ], + "it": [ + "incidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir", + "splash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent or sensational but short-lived news event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm", + "tempest" + ], + "it": [ + "bufera", + "burrasca", + "tempesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent commotion or disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm center", + "storm centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center of trouble or disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumult", + "tumultuousness", + "uproar", + "garboil" + ], + "it": [ + "bailamme", + "buriana", + "cagnara", + "clamore", + "diavolio", + "parapiglia", + "putiferio", + "tumulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of commotion and noise and confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combustion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of violent disturbance and excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discord", + "strife" + ], + "it": [ + "discordia", + "disunione", + "zizzania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of agreement or harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbulence", + "upheaval", + "Sturm und Drang" + ], + "it": [ + "turbolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of violent disturbance and disorder (as in politics or social conditions generally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitation", + "ferment", + "fermentation", + "tempestuousness", + "unrest" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "fermentazione", + "fermento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of agitation or turbulent change or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller coaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything characterized by abrupt and extreme changes (especially up and down)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rage" + ], + "it": [ + "furore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent state of the elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostility", + "enmity", + "antagonism" + ], + "it": [ + "antagonismo", + "concorrenza", + "rivalità", + "ostilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deep-seated ill-will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latent hostility", + "tension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of hostility that are not manifest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict" + ], + "it": [ + "collisione", + "contrasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clash", + "friction" + ], + "it": [ + "conflitto", + "frizione", + "maretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of conflict between persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of conflict between colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war", + "state of war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proxy war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war instigated by a major power that does not itself participate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actual fighting between the warring parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of political hostility between countries using means short of armed warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cold War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of political hostility that existed from 1945 until 1990 between countries led by the Soviet Union and countries led by the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagreement", + "dissension", + "dissonance" + ], + "it": [ + "scontro", + "guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters" + ], + "it": [ + "contrasto violento tra persone o gruppi di persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disunity" + ], + "it": [ + "disunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of unity (usually resulting from dissension)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspicion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being suspected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suspicion affecting your reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of visibility of your environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "lighting" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaro", + "luce", + "luminosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having abundant light or illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark", + "darkness" + ], + "it": [ + "buio", + "cupezza", + "oscurità", + "oscuro", + "turbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of light or illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ], + "it": [ + "notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darkness" + ], + "it": [ + "oscurità, buio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total darkness", + "lightlessness", + "blackness", + "pitch blackness", + "black" + ], + "it": [ + "oscurità", + "tenebre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total absence of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackout", + "brownout", + "dimout" + ], + "it": [ + "oscuramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darkness resulting from the extinction of lights (as in a city invisible to enemy aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semidarkness" + ], + "it": [ + "semioscurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial darkness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloudiness", + "overcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gloomy semidarkness caused by cloud cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade", + "shadiness", + "shadowiness" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrosità", + "ombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "ombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shade within clear boundaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of complete shadow resulting from total obstruction of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penumbra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fringe region of partial shadow around an umbra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimness", + "duskiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being poorly illuminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloom", + "somberness", + "sombreness" + ], + "it": [ + "oscurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of partial or total darkness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscurity", + "obscureness" + ], + "it": [ + "ombra", + "tenebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being indistinct or indefinite for lack of adequate illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotional state", + "spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a person's emotions (especially with regard to pleasure or dejection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embarrassment" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarazzo", + "impaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being embarrassed (usually by some financial inadequacy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecstasy", + "rapture", + "transport", + "exaltation", + "raptus" + ], + "it": [ + "esaltazione", + "estasi", + "impeto", + "rapimento", + "sollucchero", + "solluchero", + "sublimazione", + "trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratification", + "satisfaction" + ], + "it": [ + "appagamento", + "compiacimento", + "gratificazione", + "soddisfacimento", + "soddisfazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of being gratified or satisfied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality of life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your personal satisfaction (or dissatisfaction) with the cultural or intellectual conditions under which you live (as distinct from material comfort)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happiness", + "felicity" + ], + "it": [ + "contentezza", + "felicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessedness", + "beatitude", + "beatification" + ], + "it": [ + "beatitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of supreme happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bliss", + "blissfulness", + "cloud nine", + "seventh heaven", + "walking on air" + ], + "it": [ + "beatitudine", + "felicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecstasy", + "rapture" + ], + "it": [ + "estasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of elated bliss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nirvana", + "enlightenment" + ], + "it": [ + "nirvana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism and Buddhism) the beatitude that transcends the cycle of reincarnation; characterized by the extinction of desire and suffering and individual consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of depression or agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhappiness" + ], + "it": [ + "infelicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state characterized by emotions ranging from mild discontentment to deep grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embitterment" + ], + "it": [ + "inasprimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being embittered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadness", + "sorrow", + "sorrowfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "infelicità", + "malinconia", + "mestizia", + "tristezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being sad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourning", + "bereavement" + ], + "it": [ + "cordoglio", + "lutto", + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poignance", + "poignancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deeply felt distress or sorrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innocence" + ], + "it": [ + "innocenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or condition of being innocent of a specific crime or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blamelessness", + "inculpability", + "inculpableness", + "guiltlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of innocence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purity", + "pureness", + "sinlessness", + "innocence", + "whiteness" + ], + "it": [ + "candore", + "illibatezza", + "innocenza", + "purezza", + "purità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unsullied by sin or moral wrong; lacking a knowledge of evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanness" + ], + "it": [ + "mondezza", + "monnezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "without moral defects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being free of suspicion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilt", + "guiltiness" + ], + "it": [ + "colpa", + "colpevolezza", + "reità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having committed an offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blameworthiness", + "culpability", + "culpableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodguilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being guilty of bloodshed and murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complicity" + ], + "it": [ + "complicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminalism", + "criminality", + "criminalness" + ], + "it": [ + "criminalità", + "criminosità", + "delinquenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a criminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilt by association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribution of guilt (without proof) to individuals because the people they associate with are guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeachability", + "indictability" + ], + "it": [ + "imputabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being liable to impeachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic freedom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the freedom of teachers and students to express their ideas in school without religious or political or institutional restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfranchisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from political subjugation or servitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autonomy", + "liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "autonomia", + "libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-government", + "self-determination", + "self-rule" + ], + "it": [ + "autogoverno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government of a political unit by its own people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovereignty" + ], + "it": [ + "sovranità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government free from external control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom of a local government to determine by popular vote the applicability of a controversial law in their jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-government in local matters by a city or county that is part of a national government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autarky", + "autarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "autarchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "economic independence as a national policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disintegration of social norms governing behavior and thought and social relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free hand", + "blank check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom to do as you see fit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free rein", + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of constraints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of the seas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of merchant ships to travel freely in international waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "independence", + "independency" + ], + "it": [ + "autonomia", + "indipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from control or influence of another or others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom of choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license", + "licence" + ], + "it": [ + "licenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom to deviate deliberately from normally applicable rules or practices (especially in behavior or speech)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetic license" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "license used by a writer or artist to heighten the effect of their work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from normal restraints in conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license", + "licence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive freedom; lack of due restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil liberty", + "political liberty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one's freedom to exercise one's rights as guaranteed under the laws of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discretion" + ], + "it": [ + "discrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom to act or judge on one's own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrestricted freedom to use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal freedom from servitude or confinement or oppression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "svoboda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Russia) freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjugation", + "subjection" + ], + "it": [ + "assoggettamento", + "soggezione", + "soggiogamento", + "sudditanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forced submission to control by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repression" + ], + "it": [ + "repressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of forcible subjugation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppression" + ], + "it": [ + "oppressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being kept down by unjust use of force or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressive power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enslavement", + "captivity" + ], + "it": [ + "asservimento", + "cattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a slave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondage", + "slavery", + "thrall", + "thralldom", + "thraldom" + ], + "it": [ + "schiavitù", + "servaggio", + "servitù", + "vassallaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being under the control of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being under the control of a force or influence or abstract power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonded labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practice in which employers give high-interest loans to workers whose entire families then labor at low wages to pay off the debt; the practice is illegal in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servitude" + ], + "it": [ + "vassallaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peonage" + ], + "it": [ + "peonaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of a peon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serfdom", + "serfhood", + "vassalage" + ], + "it": [ + "vassallaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a serf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encapsulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being enclosed (as in a capsule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confinement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constraint", + "restraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being physically constrained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that restricts freedom as a cage restricts movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron cage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cage from which there is no escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captivity", + "imprisonment", + "incarceration", + "immurement" + ], + "it": [ + "carcerazione", + "carcere", + "cattività", + "detenzione", + "incarcerazione", + "prigionia", + "reclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being imprisoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detention", + "detainment", + "hold", + "custody" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto", + "custodia", + "custodia cautelare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being confined (usually for a short time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitary confinement", + "solitary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confinement of a prisoner in isolation from other prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imprisonment (especially for a long time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life imprisonment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence of imprisonment until death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confinement during wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation", + "delegacy", + "agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the state of a professional athlete who is free to negotiate a contract to play for any team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal representation that has legal status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autonomy", + "self-direction", + "self-reliance", + "self-sufficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "autosufficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dependence", + "dependance", + "dependency" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helplessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of needing help from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliance" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnamento", + "conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of relying on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordination" + ], + "it": [ + "assoggettamento", + "subordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being subordinate to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contingency" + ], + "it": [ + "contingenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being contingent on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarization", + "polarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having or giving polarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "assetto", + "bilanciamento", + "equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balance between and interplay of opposing elements or tendencies (especially in art or literature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance of power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equilibrium of power between nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamic balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(aeronautics) the state of equilibrium in which centrifugal forces due to a rotating mass (e.g., a propeller) do not produce force in the shaft and so vibration is reduced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeostasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to offset disrupting changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isostasy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a general equilibrium of the forces tending to elevate or depress the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nash equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(game theory) a stable state of a system that involves several interacting participants in which no participant can gain by a change of strategy as long as all the other participants remain unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being balanced in a stable equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which all parts of a system are at the same temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbalance", + "instability", + "unbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "sbilanciamento", + "scompenso", + "squilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaking", + "shakiness", + "trembling", + "quiver", + "quivering", + "vibration", + "palpitation" + ], + "it": [ + "tremito", + "tremore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaky motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremolo" + ], + "it": [ + "tremolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a tremulous effect produced by rapid repetition of a single tone or rapid alternation of two tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaking or trembling (usually resulting from weakness or stress or disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential tremor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tremor of unknown cause (usually of the hands and head) that develops in older people; often mistaken for Parkinsonism but is not life-threatening and can usually be kept under control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetual motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion that continues indefinitely without any external source of energy; impossible in practice because of friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precession" + ], + "it": [ + "moto di precessione", + "precessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motion of a spinning body (as a top) in which it wobbles so that the axis of rotation sweeps out a cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream", + "flow" + ], + "it": [ + "fiumana", + "fiume", + "flusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motionlessness", + "stillness", + "lifelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "calma", + "immobilità", + "tranquillità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of no motion or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stationariness", + "immobility", + "fixedness" + ], + "it": [ + "immobilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remaining in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rootage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fixedness by or as if by roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead letter", + "non-issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of something that has outlived its relevance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action", + "activity", + "activeness" + ], + "it": [ + "attività", + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being in action or exerting power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that escapes control and destroys its creator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harmful or corrupting agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busyness", + "hum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being or appearing to be actively engaged in an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behavior", + "behaviour" + ], + "it": [ + "comportamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eruption", + "eructation", + "extravasation" + ], + "it": [ + "eruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of volcanos) pouring out fumes or lava (or a deposit so formed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being in effect or being operative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdrive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of high or excessive activity or productivity or concentration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being in good working order and ready for operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running" + ], + "it": [ + "marcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being in operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of an engine or other mechanism that is idling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which action is feasible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of steady vigorous action that is characteristic of an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaction", + "inactivity", + "inactiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "inattività", + "inerzia", + "inazione", + "inoperosità", + "ozio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being inactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abeyance", + "suspension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary cessation or suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anergy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity and lack of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrest", + "check", + "halt", + "hitch", + "stay", + "stop", + "stoppage" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of inactivity following an interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflexible and unchanging state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary inactivity or suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desuetude" + ], + "it": [ + "dissuetudine", + "disuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of inactivity or disuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormancy", + "quiescence", + "quiescency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of quiet (but possibly temporary) inaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "no longer active; extinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of inaction with no progress and no change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of inaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagnation", + "stagnancy", + "doldrums" + ], + "it": [ + "ristagno", + "stagnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of inactivity (in business or art etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagnation", + "stagnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity of liquids; being stagnant; standing still; without current or circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity resulting from a static balance between opposing forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recession" + ], + "it": [ + "recessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo caratterizzato da una caduta della produzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a state of abeyance or postponement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deferral", + "recess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of abeyance or suspended business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moratorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suspension of an ongoing activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standdown", + "stand-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension and relaxation from an alert state or a state of readiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibernation" + ], + "it": [ + "ibernazione", + "letargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cessation from or slowing of activity during the winter; especially slowing of metabolism in some animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estivation", + "aestivation" + ], + "it": [ + "estivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) cessation or slowing of activity during the summer; especially slowing of metabolism in some animals during a hot or dry period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acathexia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to retain bodily secretions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotelectasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilation and enlargement of arterioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpor", + "torpidity" + ], + "it": [ + "intorpidimento", + "letargo", + "torpidezza", + "torpore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibernation" + ], + "it": [ + "letargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the torpid or resting state in which some animals pass the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lethargy", + "lassitude", + "sluggishness" + ], + "it": [ + "letargia", + "letargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slumber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dormant or quiescent state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercheck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check that restrains another check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadlock", + "dead end", + "impasse", + "stalemate", + "standstill" + ], + "it": [ + "impasse", + "punto morto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logjam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any stoppage attributable to unusual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporary state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that continues for a limited time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific state of mind that is temporary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state of mind", + "frame of mind" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary psychological state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinking cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which one thinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue", + "weariness", + "tiredness" + ], + "it": [ + "affaticamento", + "estenuazione", + "fatica", + "fiacca", + "fiacchezza", + "stanchezza", + "stracca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyestrain", + "asthenopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiredness of the eyes caused by prolonged close work by a person with an uncorrected vision problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet lag" + ], + "it": [ + "jet lag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatigue and sleep disturbance resulting from disruption of the body's normal circadian rhythm as a result of jet travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaustion" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattimento", + "fiaccatura", + "infiacchimento", + "rifinitezza", + "sfinimento", + "snervatezza", + "spossamento", + "spossatezza", + "straccaggine", + "straccamento", + "stracchezza", + "stremezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme fatigue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being depleted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt depletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of salt from the body without replacement (loss by vomiting or profuse perspiration or urination or diarrhea) thus upsetting the electrolyte balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolyte balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equilibrium between the amounts of electrolytes (as calcium and sodium and potassium) that is essential for normal health and functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the balance between the amount of nitrogen taken in (to the soil or the body) and the amount given off (lost or excreted)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frazzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme exhaustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental exhaustion", + "brain-fag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaustion that affects mental keenness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grogginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a groggy state resulting from weariness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loginess", + "logginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull and listless state resulting from weariness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drunkenness", + "inebriation", + "inebriety", + "intoxication", + "tipsiness", + "insobriety" + ], + "it": [ + "ciucca", + "ebbrezza", + "ebrezza", + "inebriamento", + "sbornia", + "ubbriacatura", + "ubbriachezza", + "ubriacatura", + "ubriachezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary state resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grogginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dazed and staggering state caused by alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sottishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stupefaction from drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soberness", + "sobriety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being sober and not intoxicated by alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital absence of the heart (as in the development of some monsters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acephalia", + "acephaly", + "acephalism" + ], + "it": [ + "acefalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the head (as in the development of some monsters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidosis" + ], + "it": [ + "acidosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketoacidosis", + "diabetic acidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acidosis with an accumulation of ketone bodies; occurs primarily in diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolic acidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acidosis and bicarbonate concentration in the body fluids resulting either from the accumulation of acids or the abnormal loss of bases from the body (as in diarrhea or renal disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory acidosis", + "carbon dioxide acidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acidosis resulting from reduced gas exchange in the lungs (as in emphysema or pneumonia); excess carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid which increases the acidity of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starvation acidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acidosis in which the acidity results from lack of food which leads to fat catabolism which in turn releases acidic ketone bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disorder characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which falls below 7 on the pH scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disorder characterized by a lower concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which rises above 7.45 on the pH scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalinuria", + "alkaluria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which the urine (which is normally slightly acidic) is alkaline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalosis" + ], + "it": [ + "alcalosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolic alkalosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alkalosis resulting from hydrogen-ion loss or excessive intake of alkaline substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory alkalosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alkalosis resulting from increased gas exchange in the lungs (as in hyperventilation associated with extreme anxiety or aspirin intoxication or metabolic acidosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the pupil in an eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acromicria", + "acromikria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally small extremities (underdeveloped fingers and toes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acromphalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal protrusion of the navel; sometimes the start of umbilical hernia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agalactia", + "agalactosis" + ], + "it": [ + "agalassia", + "agalattia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which milk is not secreted in the mother's breasts after her child has been delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the mammary glands (either through surgery or developmental defect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankylosis", + "anchylosis" + ], + "it": [ + "anchilosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aneuploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorchism", + "anorchidism", + "anorchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of one of both testes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wakefulness", + "sleeplessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary state in which you are unable (or unwilling) to sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersomnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to stay awake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insomnia" + ], + "it": [ + "insonnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthesia", + "anaesthesia" + ], + "it": [ + "anestesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of bodily sensation with or without loss of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anhidrosis", + "anhydrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of the sweat glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aplasia" + ], + "it": [ + "agenesia", + "aplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of some tissue or organ to develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of heightened physiological activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriectasis", + "arteriectasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal distension of an artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pathology or abnormality of a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asynergy", + "asynergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of coordination of organs or body parts that usually work together harmoniously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asystole", + "cardiac arrest", + "cardiopulmonary arrest" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto cardiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of systole; failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep", + "slumber" + ], + "it": [ + "sonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep terror disorder", + "pavor nocturnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of sleep characterized by a dream of terrifying dimensions far worse than a typical nightmare; they occur during NREM sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodox sleep", + "nonrapid eye movement sleep", + "NREM sleep", + "nonrapid eye movement", + "NREM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurring sleep state during which rapid eye movements do not occur and dreaming does not occur; accounts for about 75% of normal sleep time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradoxical sleep", + "rapid eye movement sleep", + "REM sleep", + "rapid eye movement", + "REM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurring sleep state during which dreaming occurs; a state of rapidly shifting eye movements during sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep", + "sopor" + ], + "it": [ + "dormita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torpid state resembling deep sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuteye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abulia", + "aboulia" + ], + "it": [ + "abulia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss of will power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anhedonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to experience pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depersonalization", + "depersonalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(existentialism) a loss of personal identity; a feeling of being an anonymous cog in an impersonal social machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnosis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipnosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-hypnosis" + ], + "it": [ + "autoipnosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypnosis induced by yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryoanesthesia", + "cryoanaesthesia" + ], + "it": [ + "crioanestesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insensibility resulting from cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general anesthesia", + "general anaesthesia" + ], + "it": [ + "narcosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local anesthesia", + "local anaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of sensation in a small area of the body (as when a local anesthetic is injected for a tooth extraction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduction anesthesia", + "conduction anaesthesia", + "nerve block anesthesia", + "nerve block anaesthesia", + "block anesthesia", + "block anaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthesia of an area supplied by a nerve; produced by an anesthetic agent applied to the nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regional anesthesia", + "regional anaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of sensation in a region of the body produced by application of an anesthetic agent to all the nerves supplying that region (as when an epidural anesthetic is administered to the pelvic region during childbirth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topical anesthesia", + "topical anaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of sensation confined to the skin or mucous surfaces (as when benzocaine or Lidocaine is applied to the surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acroanesthesia", + "acroanaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of sensation in the extremities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caudal anesthesia", + "caudal anaesthesia", + "caudal block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regional anesthesia resulting from injection of an anesthetic into the caudal end of the spinal canal; now largely replaced by epidural anesthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidural anesthesia", + "epidural anaesthesia", + "epidural" + ], + "it": [ + "anestesia epidurale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regional anesthesia resulting from injection of an anesthetic into the epidural space of the spinal cord; sensation is lost in the abdominal and genital and pelvic areas; used in childbirth and gynecological surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paracervical block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regional anesthesia resulting from the injection of a local anesthetic on each side of the cervix; used during labor and childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudendal block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regional anesthesia resulting from the use of a local anesthetic to deaden the pudendal nerves in the region of the vulva and labia majora; used to ease discomfort during childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal anesthesia", + "spinal anaesthesia", + "spinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthesia of the lower half of the body; caused by injury to the spinal cord or by injecting an anesthetic beneath the arachnoid membrane that surrounds the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle block anesthesia", + "saddle block anaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parts of a patient's body that would touch a saddle if the patient were sitting in one are anesthetized by injecting a local anesthetic into the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhalation anesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general anesthesia achieved by administration of an inhalation anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight sleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of general anesthesia in which the person retains a slight degree of consciousness; can be induced by injection of scopolamine or morphine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dreamlike state of altered consciousness that may last for hours or days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepiness", + "drowsiness", + "somnolence" + ], + "it": [ + "addormentamento", + "assopimento", + "sonno", + "sonnolenza", + "sopore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very sleepy state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscitancy", + "oscitance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drowsiness and dullness manifested by yawning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imminence", + "imminency", + "imminentness", + "impendence", + "impendency", + "forthcomingness" + ], + "it": [ + "imminenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being imminent and liable to happen soon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readiness", + "preparedness", + "preparation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ready" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poised for action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alert", + "qui vive" + ], + "it": [ + "all'erta", + "allerta", + "preallarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air alert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition in which combat aircraft are airborne and ready for an operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red alert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest level of alert when an attack by the enemy seems imminent (or more generally a state of alert resulting from imminent danger)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip alert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of readiness for domestic defense aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverticulosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of multiple diverticula in the walls of the colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergency" + ], + "it": [ + "emergenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which martial law applies" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione di di grave rischio pubblicoaffromtata dalle autorità con misure straordinarie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tense critical situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dunkirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisis in which a desperate effort is the only alternative to defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exigency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pressing or urgent situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juncture", + "critical point", + "crossroads" + ], + "it": [ + "punto critico", + "momento critico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisis situation or point in time when a critical decision must be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desperate straits", + "dire straits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticality" + ], + "it": [ + "criticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critical state; especially the point at which a nuclear reaction is self-sustaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash point", + "flashpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point at which something is ready to blow up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux", + "state of flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following some important event) preceding the establishment of a new direction of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical condition", + "physiological state", + "physiological condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition or state of the body or bodily functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "pulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breakdown of elastic tissue (as the loss of elasticity in the skin of elderly people that results from degeneration of connective tissue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatulence", + "flatulency", + "gas" + ], + "it": [ + "flatulenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flexure", + "flection", + "flexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being flexed (as of a joint)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alertness", + "alerting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of readiness to respond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotional arousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arousal of strong emotions and emotional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excitation", + "innervation", + "irritation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the neural or electrical arousal of an organ or muscle or gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anger", + "angriness" + ], + "it": [ + "bile", + "collera", + "furia", + "ira", + "rabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rage" + ], + "it": [ + "bile", + "collera", + "furia", + "furore", + "incavolatura", + "incazzatura", + "rabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excitement", + "excitation", + "inflammation", + "fervor", + "fervour" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione", + "concitazione", + "eccitazione", + "esaltazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being emotionally aroused and worked up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of widespread public excitement and interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual arousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arousal of sexual desires in preparation for sexual behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybersex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual arousal involving communication on the internet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eroticism", + "erotism" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitamento", + "eccitazione sessuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of anticipation of sexuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horniness", + "hotness", + "hot pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of sexual arousal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erection", + "hard-on" + ], + "it": [ + "erezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erect penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrus", + "oestrus", + "heat", + "rut" + ], + "it": [ + "calore", + "foia", + "fregola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applies to nonhuman mammals: a state or period of heightened sexual arousal and activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anestrus", + "anestrum", + "anoestrus", + "anoestrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applies to nonhuman mammals: a state or interval of sexual inactivity between two periods of estrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diestrus", + "diestrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of animals having several estrous cycles in one breeding season) a state or interval of sexual inactivity or quiescence between periods of activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is desired" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa che si desidera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rage", + "passion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is desired intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialism", + "philistinism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desire for wealth and material possessions with little interest in ethical or spiritual matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger", + "hungriness" + ], + "it": [ + "fame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathologically insatiable hunger (especially when caused by brain lesions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emptiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having an empty stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edacity", + "esurience", + "ravenousness", + "voracity", + "voraciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "avidità", + "voracità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive desire to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starvation", + "famishment" + ], + "it": [ + "inedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undernourishment", + "malnourishment" + ], + "it": [ + "denutrizione", + "iponutrizione", + "sottalimentazione", + "sottoalimentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not having enough food to develop or function normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirst", + "thirstiness" + ], + "it": [ + "arsura", + "sete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiological need to drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydration" + ], + "it": [ + "disidratazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depletion of bodily fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polydipsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive thirst (as in cases of diabetes or kidney dysfunction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiological need for sexual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemic hypoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoxic hypoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ischemic hypoxia", + "stagnant hypoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypoxia resulting from slow peripheral circulation (such as follows congestive cardiac failure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercapnia", + "hypercarbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical condition of having the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocapnia", + "acapnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is lower than normal; can result from deep or rapid breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asphyxia" + ], + "it": [ + "asfissia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which insufficient or no oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged on a ventilatory basis; caused by choking or drowning or electric shock or poison gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygen debt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cumulative deficit of oxygen resulting from intense exercise; the deficit must be made up when the body returns to rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altitude sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effects (as nosebleed or nausea) of oxygen deficiency in the blood and tissues at high altitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nausea and shortness of breath experienced by mountain climbers above ten thousand feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoxia" + ], + "it": [ + "anossia", + "ipossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe hypoxia; absence of oxygen in inspired gases or in arterial blood or in the tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemic anoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoxic anoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ischemic anoxia", + "stagnant anoxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anoxia resulting from slow peripheral circulation (such as follows congestive cardiac failure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocation", + "asphyxiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being deprived of oxygen (as by having breathing stopped)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperthermia", + "hyperthermy" + ], + "it": [ + "ipertermia", + "piressia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally high body temperature; sometimes induced (as in treating some forms of cancer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normothermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal body temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subnormal body temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive discharge of liquid from a cavity or organ (as in watery diarrhea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physiological state of having or consisting of muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myasthenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any muscular weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impotence", + "impotency" + ], + "it": [ + "impotenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability (usually of the male animal) to copulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erectile dysfunction", + "male erecticle dysfunction", + "ED" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impotence resulting from a man's inability to have or maintain an erection of his penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrenness" + ], + "it": [ + "infecondità", + "sterilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state (usually of a woman) of having no children or being unable to have children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterility", + "infertility" + ], + "it": [ + "infecondità", + "sterilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unable to produce offspring; in a woman it is an inability to conceive; in a man it is an inability to impregnate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to produce hybrids that are both viable and fertile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysgenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infertility between hybrids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false pregnancy", + "pseudocyesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physiological state in which a woman exhibits symptoms of pregnancy but is not pregnant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy", + "gestation", + "maternity" + ], + "it": [ + "gestazione", + "gravidanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble" + ], + "it": [ + "gravidanza indesiderata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unwanted pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravidity", + "gravidness", + "gravidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "technical terms for pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of the pregnancy that a woman is in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity", + "para" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ectopic pregnancy in the abdominal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovarian pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ectopic pregnancy in the ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubal pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ectopic pregnancy in a Fallopian tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectopic pregnancy", + "extrauterine pregnancy", + "ectopic gestation", + "extrauterine gestation", + "eccyesis", + "metacyesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy resulting from gestation elsewhere than in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entopic pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy resulting from normal gestation in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stage of pregnancy at which the mother first feels the movements of the fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premature labor", + "premature labour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "labor beginning prior to the 37th week of gestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parturiency", + "labor", + "labour", + "confinement", + "lying-in", + "travail", + "childbed" + ], + "it": [ + "travaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placenta previa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy in which the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus (instead of the upper part); can cause bleeding late in pregnancy; delivery by cesarean section may be necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asynclitism", + "obliquity" + ], + "it": [ + "asinclitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presentation during labor of the head of the fetus at an abnormal angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atresia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition in which a normal opening or tube in the body (as the urethra) is closed or absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigor mortis" + ], + "it": [ + "rigor mortis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity occurring after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalization", + "vitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being vitalized and filled with life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good health", + "healthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being vigorous and free from bodily or mental disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wholeness", + "haleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of robust good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy", + "vim", + "vitality" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamismo", + "energia", + "vitalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a healthy capacity for vigorous activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energetic vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qi", + "chi", + "ch'i", + "ki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circulating life energy that in Chinese philosophy is thought to be inherent in all things; in traditional Chinese medicine the balance of negative and positive forms in the body is believed to be essential for good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloom", + "blush", + "flush", + "rosiness" + ], + "it": [ + "rossore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rosy color (especially in the cheeks) taken as a sign of good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshness", + "glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alert and refreshed state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiance" + ], + "it": [ + "fulgidezza", + "radiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attractive combination of good health and happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sturdiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being vigorous and robust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertility", + "fecundity" + ], + "it": [ + "fecondità", + "fertilità", + "prolificità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being fertile; capable of producing offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potency", + "potence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being potent; a male's capacity to have sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathological state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical condition that is caused by disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ill health", + "unhealthiness", + "health problem" + ], + "it": [ + "problema di salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorder", + "upset" + ], + "it": [ + "disfunzione", + "disturbo", + "turba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functional disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder caused by a detectable physiological or structural change in an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyscrasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal or physiologically unbalanced state of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood dyscrasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any abnormal condition of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abocclusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition in which the upper teeth do not touch the lower teeth when biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abruptio placentae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achlorhydria" + ], + "it": [ + "acloridria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acholia", + "cholestasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which little or no bile is secreted or the flow of bile into the digestive tract is obstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achylia", + "achylia gastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of gastric juices (partial or complete)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute brain disorder", + "acute organic brain syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult respiratory distress syndrome", + "ARDS", + "wet lung", + "white lung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute lung injury characterized by coughing and rales; inflammation of the lungs which become stiff and fibrous and cannot exchange oxygen; occurs among persons exposed to irritants such as corrosive chemical vapors or ammonia or chlorine etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ailment", + "complaint", + "ill" + ], + "it": [ + "acciacco", + "affezione", + "disturbo", + "magagna", + "malanno", + "malattia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eating disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the normal eating routine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorexia" + ], + "it": [ + "anoressia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged disorder of eating due to loss of appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eating disorder, frequent in children, in which non-nutritional objects are eaten persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astereognosis", + "tactile agnosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss of the ability to recognize objects by handling them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention deficit disorder", + "ADD", + "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", + "ADHD", + "hyperkinetic syndrome", + "minimal brain dysfunction", + "minimal brain damage", + "MBD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorgasmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of an orgasm in sexual relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulimarexia", + "binge-purge syndrome", + "binge-vomit syndrome", + "bulima nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of eating in which the person alternates between strong craving for food and aversion to food; characterized by excessive eating followed by periods of fasting or self-induced vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulimia", + "binge-eating syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of eating seen among young women who go on eating binges and then feel guilt and depression and self-condemnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the urinary bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiovascular disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the heart or blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpal tunnel syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful disorder caused by compression of a nerve in the carpal tunnel; characterized by discomfort and weakness in the hands and fingers and by sensations of tingling, burning or numbness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celiac disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheilosis", + "perleche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition caused by blocking the airways to the lungs (as with food or swelling of the larynx)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colpoxerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which the vagina is unusually dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degenerative disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition leading to progressive loss of function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demyelination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of the myelin covering of some nerve fibers resulting in their impaired function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysaphia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in the sense of touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysosmia", + "parosamia", + "olfactory impairment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in the sense of smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysphagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful or difficult urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate or faulty nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteodystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defective bone development; usually attributable to renal disease or to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of ability to function normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ill-defined state of irritability and distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glandular disease", + "gland disease", + "glandular disorder", + "adenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the glands of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperactivity" + ], + "it": [ + "iperattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impaction", + "impacted tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in which a tooth is so crowded in its socket that it cannot erupt normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in which feces are impacted in the lower colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learning disorder", + "learning disability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malocclusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) a condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) malocclusion in which the upper teeth extend abnormally far over the lower teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorexia nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a psychological disorder characterized by somatic delusions that you are too fat despite being emaciated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercellularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having abnormally many cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocellularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having abnormally few cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illness", + "unwellness", + "malady", + "sickness" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia", + "male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invagination", + "introversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being folded inward or sheathed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic ill health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biliousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gastric distress caused by a disorder of the liver or gall bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addiction", + "dependence", + "dependance", + "dependency", + "habituation" + ], + "it": [ + "assuefazione", + "dipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspended animation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "interruzione delle funzioni vitali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary cessation of vital functions with loss of consciousness resembling death; usually resulting from asphyxia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anabiosis" + ], + "it": [ + "anabiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suspended animation in organisms during periods of extreme drought from which they revive when moisture returns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptobiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which an animal's metabolic activities come to a reversible standstill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilatation", + "distension", + "distention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being stretched beyond normal dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distension of the abdomen that is caused by the accumulation of gas in the intestines or the peritoneal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectasia", + "ectasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilatation or distension of a hollow organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphangiectasia", + "lymphangiectasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilatation of a lymph vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar ectasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal enlargement of the air sacs in the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug addiction", + "white plague" + ], + "it": [ + "tossicodipendenza", + "tossicomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addiction to a drug (especially a narcotic drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholism", + "alcohol addiction", + "inebriation", + "drunkenness" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolismo", + "alcoolismo", + "etilismo", + "vinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual intoxication; prolonged and excessive intake of alcoholic drinks leading to a breakdown in health and an addiction to alcohol such that abrupt deprivation leads to severe withdrawal symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocaine addiction" + ], + "it": [ + "cocainismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addiction to cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroin addiction" + ], + "it": [ + "eroinomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addiction to heroin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caffein addiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addiction to caffein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicotine addiction" + ], + "it": [ + "nicotinismo", + "tabagismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addiction to nicotine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fit of shivering or shaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyloidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder characterized by deposit of amyloid in organs or tissues; often secondary to chronic rheumatoid arthritis or tuberculosis or multiple myeloma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anuresis", + "anuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to urinate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catastrophic illness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe illness requiring prolonged hospitalization or recovery; usually involves high costs for hospitals and doctors and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse", + "prostration" + ], + "it": [ + "collasso", + "malore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt failure of function or complete physical exhaustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakdown", + "crack-up" + ], + "it": [ + "defaillance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental or physical breakdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervous breakdown" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurimento nervoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe or incapacitating emotional disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervous exhaustion", + "nervous prostration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotional disorder that leaves you exhausted and unable to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurasthenia" + ], + "it": [ + "astenia nervosa", + "ipereccitabilità", + "neurastenia", + "nevrastenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nervous breakdown (not in technical use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiogenic shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shock caused by cardiac arrest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypovolemic shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shock caused by severe blood or fluid loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstructive shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shock caused by obstruction of blood flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributive shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shock caused by poor distribution of the blood flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphylactic shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe and rapid and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reaction to a substance (especially a vaccine or penicillin or shellfish or insect venom) to which the organism has become sensitized by previous exposure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulin shock", + "insulin reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypoglycemia produced by excessive insulin in the system causing coma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompression sickness", + "aeroembolism", + "air embolism", + "gas embolism", + "caisson disease", + "bends" + ], + "it": [ + "aeroembolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain resulting from rapid change in pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pathological condition resulting from an excessive intake of fluorine (usually from drinking water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food poisoning", + "gastrointestinal disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "intossicazione alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illness caused by poisonous or contaminated food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botulism" + ], + "it": [ + "allantiasi", + "botulismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food poisoning from ingesting botulin; not infectious; affects the CNS; can be fatal if not treated promptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic condition caused by eating certain species of mushrooms (especially Amanita species)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gammopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disturbance in the synthesis of immunoglobulins; proteins having antibody activity increase greatly in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossolalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetitive nonmeaningful speech (especially that associated with a trance state or religious fervor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptomaine", + "ptomaine poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term for food poisoning that is no longer in scientific use; food poisoning was once thought to be caused by ingesting ptomaines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmonellosis" + ], + "it": [ + "salmonellosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead poisoning", + "plumbism", + "saturnism" + ], + "it": [ + "saturnismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic condition produced by the absorption of excessive lead into the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead colic", + "painter's colic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptom of chronic lead poisoning and associated with obstinate constipation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalepsy" + ], + "it": [ + "catalessi", + "catalessia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trancelike state with loss of voluntary motion and failure to react to stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disease" + ], + "it": [ + "affezione", + "malattia", + "male", + "morbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning" + ], + "it": [ + "un indebolimento della salute o un funzionamento non normale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disease of the neuromuscular junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease characterized by impairment of neuromuscular junctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "angiopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of the blood vessels or lymph ducts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspergillosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease especially in agricultural workers caused by inhalation of Aspergillus spores causing lumps in skin and ears and respiratory organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of acanthocytes in the blood stream (as in abetalipoproteinemia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agranulocytosis", + "agranulosis", + "granulocytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute blood disorder (often caused by radiation or drug therapy) characterized by severe reduction in granulocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analbuminemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally low level of albumin in the blood serum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Banti's disease", + "Banti's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease characterized by congestion and enlargement of the spleen; accompanied by anemia or cirrhosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthrax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of humans that is not communicable; caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis followed by septicemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaneous anthrax", + "malignant pustule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of anthrax infection that begins as papule that becomes a vesicle and breaks with a discharge of toxins; symptoms of septicemia are severe with vomiting and high fever and profuse sweating; the infection is often fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary anthrax", + "inhalation anthrax", + "anthrax pneumonia", + "ragpicker's disease", + "ragsorter's disease", + "woolsorter's pneumonia", + "woolsorter's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of anthrax infection acquired by inhalation of dust containing Bacillus anthracis; initial symptoms (chill and cough and dyspnea and rapid pulse) are followed by extreme cardiovascular collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several human or animal diseases characterized by dark urine resulting from rapid breakdown of red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentine hemorrhagic fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhagic fever with neurological signs; caused by the Junin virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwater fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe and often fatal malaria characterized by kidney damage resulting in dark urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe form of malaria occurring in tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat scratch disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease thought to be transmitted to humans by a scratch from a cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complication" + ], + "it": [ + "complicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ill-defined bodily ailment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endemic", + "endemic disease" + ], + "it": [ + "endemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the intestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiopathic disease", + "idiopathic disorder", + "idiopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogenic disorder", + "monogenic disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited disease controlled by a single pair of genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygenic disorder", + "polygenic disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited disease controlled by several genes at once" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypogonadism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incompetence of the gonads (especially in the male with low testosterone); results in deficient development of secondary sex characteristics and (in prepubertal males) a body with long legs and a short trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male hypogonadism", + "eunuchoidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a eunuch (either because of lacking testicles or because they failed to develop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kallman's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypogonadism with anosmia; a congenital sexual disorder that prevents the testicles from maturing at puberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valvular incompetence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability of a bodily valve to close completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompetence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability of a part or organ to function properly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kawasaki disease", + "mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute disease of young children characterized by a rash and swollen lymph nodes and fever; of unknown cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plague", + "pestilence", + "pest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any epidemic disease with a high death rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pycnosis", + "pyknosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degenerative state of the cell nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyalinization", + "hyalinisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being hyaline or having become hyaline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperparathyroidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; can affect many systems of the body (especially causing bone resorption and osteoporosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoparathyroidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone resulting in abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperpituitarism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive activity of the pituitary gland (especially overactivity of the anterior lobe which leads to excess secretion of growth hormone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuolization", + "vacuolisation", + "vacuolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having become filled with vacuoles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malaria" + ], + "it": [ + "malaria", + "paludismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito; marked by paroxysms of chills and fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marseilles fever", + "Kenya fever", + "Indian tick fever", + "boutonneuse fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease (common in India and around the Mediterranean area) caused by a rickettsia that is transmitted to humans by a reddish brown tick (ixodid) that lives on dogs and other mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meniere's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the inner ear characterized by episodes of dizziness and tinnitus and progressive hearing loss (usually unilateral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caused by consuming milk from cattle suffering from trembles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease that shows symptoms characteristic of another disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myasthenia gravis", + "myasthenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic progressive disease characterized by chronic fatigue and muscular weakness (especially in the face and neck); caused by a deficiency of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lambert-Eaton syndrome", + "Eaton-Lambert syndrome", + "myasthenic syndrome", + "carcinomatous myopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease seen in patients with lung cancer and characterized by weakness and fatigue of hip and thigh muscles and an aching back; caused by antibodies directed against the neuromuscular junctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupational disease", + "industrial disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease or disability resulting from conditions of employment (usually from long exposure to a noxious substance or from continuous repetition of certain acts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onycholysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation of a nail from its normal attachment to the nail bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onychosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease or disorder of the nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paget's disease", + "osteitis deformans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of bone occurring in the middle aged and elderly; excessive bone destruction sometimes leading to bone pain and fractures and skeletal deformities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatism" + ], + "it": [ + "reuma", + "reumatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any painful disorder of the joints or muscles or connective tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periarteritis nodosa", + "polyarteritis nodosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive disease of connective tissue that is characterized by nodules along arteries; nodules may block the artery and result in inadequate circulation to the particular area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodontal disease", + "periodontitis" + ], + "it": [ + "periodontite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease that attacks the gum and bone and around the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyorrhea", + "pyorrhoea", + "pyorrhea alveolaris", + "Riggs' disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic periodontitis; purulent inflammation of the teeth sockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericementoclasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pus pocket formation around a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar resorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wasting of the bony socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingivitis" + ], + "it": [ + "gengivite", + "ulite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulatrophia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recession of the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso", + "crisi", + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden occurrence of an uncontrollable condition" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione improvvisa e violenta di un disturbo o una malattia, di un impulso o un'emozione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden acute episode of intense anxiety and feelings of panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden recurrence or worsening of symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seizure", + "ictus", + "raptus" + ], + "it": [ + "ictus", + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight attack of illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke", + "apoplexy", + "cerebrovascular accident", + "CVA" + ], + "it": [ + "accidente", + "apoplessia", + "colpo", + "colpo apoplettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "convulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent uncontrollable contractions of muscles" + ], + "it": [ + "alternarsi involontario, disordinato e rapido, di contrazioni e rilassamenti di piu` muscoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paroxysm", + "fit", + "convulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso", + "convulsione", + "crisi", + "parocismo", + "parossismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden uncontrollable attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysterics" + ], + "it": [ + "isterismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack of hysteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clonus" + ], + "it": [ + "clono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convulsion characterized by alternating contractions and relaxations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epileptic seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convulsions accompanied by impaired consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand mal", + "generalized seizure", + "epilepsia major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seizure during which the patient becomes unconscious and has convulsions over the entire body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit mal", + "epilepsia minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seizure of short duration characterized by momentary unconsciousness and local muscle spasms or twitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental disorder", + "mental disturbance", + "disturbance", + "psychological disorder", + "folie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a psychological disorder of thought or emotion; a more neutral term than mental illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asperger's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychiatric disorder usually noted during early school years; characterized by impaired social relations and by repetitive patterns of behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolic disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder or defect of metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkaptonuria", + "alcaptonuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare recessive metabolic anomaly marked by ochronosis and the presence of alkapton in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervous disorder", + "neurological disorder", + "neurological disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain damage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury to the brain that impairs its functions (especially permanently); can be caused by trauma to the head, infection, hemorrhage, inadequate oxygen, genetic abnormality, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "akinesis", + "akinesia" + ], + "it": [ + "acinesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motionlessness attributable to a temporary paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of the vocal cords resulting in an inability to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain disorder", + "encephalopathy", + "brain disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disorder or disease of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystoplegia", + "cystoparalysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of the urinary bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy" + ], + "it": [ + "epilessia", + "mal caduco", + "malcaduco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of consciousness and convulsions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "akinetic epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy characterized by akinesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortical epilepsy", + "focal epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy in which the attacks begins with an isolated disturbance of cerebral function (as a twitching of a limb or an illusory sensation or a mental disturbance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focal seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transitory disturbance in motor or sensory function resulting from abnormal cortical activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raptus hemorrhagicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seizure caused by a sudden profuse hemorrhage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protuberance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being protuberant; the condition of bulging out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand mal epilepsy", + "grand mal", + "generalized epilepsy", + "epilepsia major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy in which the attacks involve loss of consciousness and tonic spasms of the musculature followed by generalized jerking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacksonian epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focal epilepsy in which the attack usually moves from distal to proximal limb muscles on the same side of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myoclonus epilepsy", + "Lafora's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy characterized by clonus of muscle groups and progressive mental deterioration and genetic origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit mal epilepsy", + "petit mal", + "epilepsia minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brief clouding of consciousness (and possibly other abnormalities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absence", + "absence seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of an abrupt, transient loss or impairment of consciousness (which is not subsequently remembered), sometimes with light twitching, fluttering eyelids, etc.; common in petit mal epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex absence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence seizure accompanied by other abnormalities (atonia or automatisms or vasomotor changes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pure absence", + "simple absence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence seizure without other complications; followed by 3-per-sec brainwave spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subclinical absence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transient impairment of cortical function demonstrable only by 3-per-second brainwave spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musicogenic epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex epilepsy induced by music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photogenic epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex epilepsy induced by a flickering light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posttraumatic epilepsy", + "traumatic epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convulsive epileptic state caused by a head injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procursive epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy in which a seizure is induced by whirling or running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressive vaccinia", + "vaccinia gangrenosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe or even fatal form of vaccinia that occurs mainly in persons with an immunological deficiency; characterized by progressive enlargement of the initial lesion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychomotor epilepsy", + "temporal lobe epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy characterized clinically by impairment of consciousness and amnesia for the episode; often involves purposeful movements of the arms and legs and sometimes hallucinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflex epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of epilepsy in which attacks are induced by peripheral stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focal epilepsy initiated by somatosensory phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "status epilepticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which there are continuing attacks of epilepsy without intervals of consciousness; can lead to brain damage and death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic epilepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epilepsy in which the body is rigid during the seizure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erb's palsy", + "Erb-Duchenne paralysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of the arm resulting from injury to the brachial plexus (usually during childbirth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nympholepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frenzy of emotion; as for something unattainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apraxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to make purposeful movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ataxia", + "ataxy", + "dyssynergia", + "motor ataxia" + ], + "it": [ + "atassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; unsteady movements and staggering gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friedreich's ataxia", + "herediatry spinal ataxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sclerosis of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord; characterized by muscular weakness and abnormal gait; occurs in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hereditary cerebellar ataxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nervous disorder of late childhood and early adulthood; characterized by ataxic gait and hesitating or explosive speech and nystagmus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atopognosia", + "atopognosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence or loss of topognosia; inability to locate correctly a point of touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachydactyly", + "brachydactylia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal shortness of fingers and toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptorchidy", + "cryptorchidism", + "cryptorchism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of one or both testes to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monorchism", + "monorchidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of one testes to descend into the scrotum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyskinesia" + ], + "it": [ + "discinesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormality in performing voluntary muscle movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tardive dyskinesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntary rolling of the tongue and twitching of the face or trunk or limbs; often occurs in patients with Parkinsonism who are treated with phenothiazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviated septum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal displacement of any wall that separates two chambers (usually in the nasal cavity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviated nasal septum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal shift in location of the nasal septum; a common condition causing obstruction of the nasal passages and difficulty in breathing and recurrent nosebleeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dextrocardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal condition where the heart is located toward the right side of the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectrodactyly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital abnormality involving the absence of some fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteroptosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally downward position of the intestines in the abdominal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erethism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally high degree of irritability or sensitivity to stimulation of an organ or body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal distress", + "foetal distress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition of a fetus; usually discovered during pregnancy and characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple sclerosis", + "MS", + "disseminated sclerosis", + "disseminated multiple sclerosis" + ], + "it": [ + "sclerosi a placche", + "sclerosi multipla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralysis agitans", + "Parkinsonism", + "Parkinson's disease", + "Parkinson's syndrome", + "Parkinson's", + "shaking palsy" + ], + "it": [ + "morbo di Parkinson", + "parkinsonismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral palsy", + "spastic paralysis" + ], + "it": [ + "paralisi cerebrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i110999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several degenerative nervous disorders characterized by spasmodic movements of the body and limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choriomeningitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cerebral meningitis with cellular infiltration of the meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaccid paralysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakness or loss of muscle tone resulting from injury or disease of the nerves innervating the muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthochorea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of chorea in which spasms occur mainly when the patient is erect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sydenham's chorea", + "Saint Vitus dance", + "St. Vitus dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chorea occurring chiefly in children and associated with rheumatic fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarantism" + ], + "it": [ + "tarantismo", + "tarantolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nervous disorder characterized by an uncontrollable impulse to dance; popularly attributed to bite of the southern European tarantula or wolf spider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agraphia", + "anorthography", + "logagraphia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss of the ability to write or to express thoughts in writing because of a brain lesion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acataphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in which a lesion to the central nervous system leaves you unable to formulate a statement or to express yourself in an organized manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of the ability to swallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaurosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or total loss of sight without pathology of the eye; caused by disease of optic nerve or retina or brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amblyopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual impairment without apparent organic pathology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ametropia" + ], + "it": [ + "ametropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ophthalmology) faulty refraction of light rays in the eye as in astigmatism or myopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emmetropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ophthalmology) the normal refractive condition of the eye in which there is clear focus of light on the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aniseikonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual defect in which the shape and size of an ocular image differ in the two eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorthopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distorted vision in which straight lines appear curved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphakia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the natural lens of the eye (usually resulting from the removal of cataracts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphasia" + ], + "it": [ + "afasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to use or understand language (spoken or written) because of a brain lesion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory aphasia", + "acoustic aphasia", + "word deafness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impairment in understanding spoken language that is not attributable to hearing loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduction aphasia", + "associative aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aphasia in which the lesion is assumed to be in the association tracts connecting the various language centers in the brain; patient's have difficulty repeating a sentence just heard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "global aphasia", + "total aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of all ability to communicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor aphasia", + "Broca's aphasia", + "ataxic aphasia", + "expressive aphasia", + "nonfluent aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aphasia in which expression by speech or writing is severely impaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominal aphasia", + "anomic aphasia", + "anomia", + "amnesic aphasia", + "amnestic aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to name objects or to recognize written or spoken names of objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcortical aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for aphasia that results from lesions outside of Broca's area or Wernicke's area of the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual aphasia", + "alexia", + "word blindness" + ], + "it": [ + "alessia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to perceive written words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wernicke's aphasia", + "fluent aphasia", + "receptive aphasia", + "sensory aphasia", + "impressive aphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aphasia characterized by fluent but meaningless speech and severe impairment of the ability understand spoken or written words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyscalculia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impaired ability to learn grade-appropriate mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysgraphia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impaired ability to learn to write" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyslexia" + ], + "it": [ + "dislessia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impaired ability to learn to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impairment of language (especially speech production) that is usually due to brain damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to recognize objects by use of the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anarthria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or total loss of articulate speech resulting from lesions of the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory agnosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to recognize or understand the meaning of spoken words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual agnosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to recognize or interpret objects in the visual field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease", + "CJD", + "Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare (usually fatal) brain disease (usually in middle age) caused by an unidentified slow virus; characterized by progressive dementia and gradual loss of muscle control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occlusion" + ], + "it": [ + "obliterazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closure or blockage (as of a blood vessel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngospasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closure of the larynx that blocks the passage of air to the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embolism" + ], + "it": [ + "embolia", + "embolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus (a loose clot or air bubble or other particle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air embolism", + "aeroembolism", + "gas embolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruction of the circulatory system caused by an air bubble as, e.g., accidentally during surgery or hypodermic injection or as a complication from scuba diving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat embolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious condition in which fat blocks an artery; fat can enter the blood stream after a long bone is fractured or if adipose tissue is injured or as a result of a fatty liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary embolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blockage of the pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by a blood clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thromboembolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus that has broken away from a thrombus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombosis" + ], + "it": [ + "trombosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation or presence of a thrombus (a clot of coagulated blood attached at the site of its formation) in a blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral thrombosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood clot in a cerebral artery or vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary occlusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occlusion of a coronary artery caused either by progressive atherosclerosis or by a blood clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary heart disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heart disease due to an abnormality of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary thrombosis", + "coronary" + ], + "it": [ + "trombosi coronarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery by a blood clot (thrombus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk leg", + "white leg", + "phlegmasia alba dolens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful thrombosis of the femoral vein in the leg following childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatomegaly", + "megalohepatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal enlargement of the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart disease", + "cardiopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high blood pressure", + "hypertension" + ], + "it": [ + "ipertensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition", + "heterotaxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any abnormal position of the organs of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratectasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal bulging of the cornea of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoconus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal cone-shaped protrusion of the cornea of the eye; can be treated by epikeratophakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthostatic hypotension", + "postural hypotension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low blood pressure occurring in some people when they stand up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypotension" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential hypertension", + "hyperpiesia", + "hyperpiesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent and pathological high blood pressure for which no specific cause can be found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portal hypertension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in blood pressure in the veins of the portal system caused by obstruction in the liver (often associated with alcoholic cirrhosis), causing enlargement of the spleen and collateral veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malignant hypertension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe hypertension that runs a rapid course and damages the inner linings of the blood vessels and the heart and spleen and kidneys and brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary hypertension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypertension that is secondary to another disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-coat hypertension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary rise in blood pressure in the doctor's office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyotrophia", + "amyotrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "progressive wasting of muscle tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", + "ALS", + "Lou Gehrig's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cord; results in progressive muscle atrophy that starts in the limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aneurysm", + "aneurism" + ], + "it": [ + "aneurisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardiovascular disease characterized by a saclike widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic aneurysm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aneurysm of the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal aortic aneurysm", + "AAA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta associated with old age and hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic stenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal narrowing of the aortic valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterostenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal narrowing of the intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngostenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal narrowing of the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary stenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyloric stenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrowing of the pyloric sphincter that blocks the passage of food from the stomach into the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinostenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrowing of the passages in the nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenosis", + "stricture" + ], + "it": [ + "stenosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral aneurysm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aneurysm of the carotid artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intracranial aneurysm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aneurysm of a cranial artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventricular aneurysm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a localized dilation or protrusion on the wall of the left ventricle of the heart (occurring after a myocardial infarction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angina pectoris", + "angina" + ], + "it": [ + "angina pectoris", + "stenocardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heart condition marked by paroxysms of chest pain due to reduced oxygen to the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriolosclerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sclerosis of the arterioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriosclerosis", + "arterial sclerosis", + "hardening of the arteries", + "induration of the arteries", + "coronary-artery disease" + ], + "it": [ + "arteriosclerosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sclerosis of the arterial walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atherogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of atheromas on the walls of the arteries as in atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atherosclerosis", + "coronary artery disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage of arteriosclerosis involving fatty deposits (atheromas) inside the arterial walls, thus narrowing the arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athetosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous succession of slow, writhing, involuntary movements of the hands and feet and other body parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kuru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve compression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmful pressure on a nerve (especially in nerves that pass over rigid prominences); causes nerve damage and muscle weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve entrapment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeated and long-term nerve compression (usually in nerves near joints that are subject to inflammation or swelling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriosclerosis obliterans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage of arteriosclerosis involving closure of blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azymia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of an enzyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteremia", + "bacteriemia", + "bacteriaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transient presence of bacteria (or other microorganisms) in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerosis", + "induration" + ], + "it": [ + "sclerosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pathological hardening or thickening of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac arrhythmia", + "arrhythmia" + ], + "it": [ + "aritmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal rate of muscle contractions in the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiomyopathy", + "myocardiopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder (usually of unknown origin) of the heart muscle (myocardium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertrophic cardiomyopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in which the heart muscle is so strong that it does not relax enough to fill with the heart with blood and so has reduced pumping ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally rapid beating of the auricles of the heart (especially in a regular rhythm); can result in heart block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallop rhythm", + "cantering rhythm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardiac rhythm characterized by the presence of an extra sound; can indicate a heart abnormality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitral valve prolapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardiopathy resulting from the mitral valve not regulating the flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitral stenosis", + "mitral valve stenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruction or narrowing of the mitral valve (as by scarring from rheumatic fever)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulatory failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of the cardiovascular system to supply adequate amounts of blood to body tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart failure", + "coronary failure" + ], + "it": [ + "collasso cardiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability of the heart to pump enough blood to sustain normal bodily functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valvular heart disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart disease caused by stenosis of the cardiac valves and obstructed blood flow or caused by degeneration and blood regurgitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congestive heart failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to pump enough blood to avoid congestion in the tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden severe instance of abnormal heart function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myocardial infarction", + "myocardial infarct", + "MI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destruction of heart tissue resulting from obstruction of the blood supply to the heart muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney disease", + "renal disorder", + "nephropathy", + "nephrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) inability of a bodily part or organ to function normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary insufficiency", + "cardiac insufficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadequate blood flow to the heart muscles; can cause angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephritis", + "Bright's disease" + ], + "it": [ + "nefrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammation of the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrosclerosis", + "nephroangiosclerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kidney disease that is usually associated with hypertension; sclerosis of the renal arterioles reduces blood flow that can lead to kidney failure and heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polycystic kidney disease", + "PKD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kidney disease characterized by enlarged kidneys containing many cysts; often leads to kidney failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renal disorder characterized by the production of large volumes of pale dilute urine; often associated with diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal failure", + "kidney failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes and to help maintain the electrolyte balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal insufficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insufficient excretion of wastes by the kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute renal failure", + "acute kidney failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renal failure associated with burns or other trauma or with acute infection or obstruction of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic renal failure", + "chronic kidney failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renal failure that can result from a variety of systemic disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholelithiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterolithiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of calculi in the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrocalcinosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renal lithiasis in which calcium deposits form in the renal parenchyma and result in reduced kidney function and blood in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrolithiasis", + "renal lithiasis" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolosi renale", + "nefrolitiasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of kidney stones (calculi) in the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipomatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathology in which fat accumulates in lipomas in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithiasis" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolosi", + "litiasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of stones (calculi) in an internal organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glomerulonephritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nephritis marked by inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney; characterized by decreased production of urine and by the presence of blood and protein in the urine and by edema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver disease" + ], + "it": [ + "epatopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrhosis", + "cirrhosis of the liver" + ], + "it": [ + "cirrosi", + "cirrosi epatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic disease interfering with the normal functioning of the liver; the major cause is chronic alcoholism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatty liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow discoloration as a result of the accumulation of certain fats (triglycerides) in the liver; can be caused by alcoholic cirrhosis or pregnancy or exposure to certain toxins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Addison's disease", + "Addison's syndrome", + "hypoadrenalism", + "hypoadrenocorticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glandular disorder caused by failure of function of the cortex of the adrenal gland and marked by anemia and prostration with brownish skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "adenopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldosteronism", + "hyperaldosteronism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition caused by overproduction of aldosterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cushing's disease", + "hyperadrenalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glandular disorder caused by excessive ACTH resulting in greater than normal functioning of the adrenal gland; characterized by obesity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cushing's syndrome", + "hyperadrenocorticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glandular disorder caused by excessive cortisol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetes" + ], + "it": [ + "diabete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygenic disease characterized by abnormally high glucose levels in the blood; any of several metabolic disorders marked by excessive urination and persistent thirst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetes mellitus", + "DM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diabetes caused by a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin and characterized by polyuria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type I diabetes", + "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus", + "IDDM", + "juvenile-onset diabetes", + "juvenile diabetes", + "growth-onset diabetes", + "ketosis-prone diabetes", + "ketoacidosis-prone diabetes", + "autoimmune diabetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe diabetes mellitus with an early onset; characterized by polyuria and excessive thirst and increased appetite and weight loss and episodic ketoacidosis; diet and insulin injections are required to control the disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type II diabetes", + "non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus", + "NIDDM", + "non-insulin-dependent diabetes", + "ketosis-resistant diabetes mellitus", + "ketosis-resistant diabetes", + "ketoacidosis-resistant diabetes mellitus", + "ketoacidosis-resistant diabetes", + "adult-onset diabetes mellitus", + "adult-onset diabetes", + "maturity-onset diabetes mellitus", + "maturity-onset diabetes", + "mature-onset diabetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild form of diabetes mellitus that develops gradually in adults; can be precipitated by obesity or severe stress or menopause or other factors; can usually be controlled by diet and hypoglycemic agents without injections of insulin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrogenic diabetes insipidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diabetes insipidus caused by a failure of the kidney to respond to normal levels of vasopressin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetes insipidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare form of diabetes resulting from a deficiency of vasopressin (the pituitary hormone that regulates the kidneys); characterized by the chronic excretion of large amounts of pale dilute urine which results in dehydration and extreme thirst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latent diabetes", + "chemical diabetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild form of diabetes mellitus in which there are no overt symptoms but there are abnormal responses to some diagnostic procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angioedema", + "atrophedema", + "giant hives", + "periodic edema", + "Quincke's edema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurrent large circumscribed areas of subcutaneous edema; onset is sudden and it disappears within 24 hours; seen mainly in young women, often as an allergic reaction to food or drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphedema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling (usually in the legs) caused by lymph accumulating in the tissues in the affected areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperthyroidism", + "thyrotoxicosis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipertiroidismo", + "tiroidismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overactive thyroid gland; pathologically excessive production of thyroid hormones or the condition resulting from excessive production of thyroid hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graves' disease", + "exophthalmic goiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exophthalmos occurring in association with goiter; hyperthyroidism with protrusion of the eyeballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothyroidism" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotiroidismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underactive thyroid gland; a glandular disorder resulting from insufficient production of thyroid hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxedema", + "myxoedema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypothyroidism marked by dry skin and swellings around lips and nose as well as mental deterioration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cretinism" + ], + "it": [ + "cretinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe hypothyroidism resulting in physical and mental stunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achondroplasia", + "achondroplasty", + "osteosclerosis congenita", + "chondrodystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited skeletal disorder beginning before birth; cartilage is converted to bone resulting in dwarfism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicable disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease that can be communicated from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contagious disease", + "contagion" + ], + "it": [ + "contagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease easily transmitted by contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influenza", + "flu", + "grippe" + ], + "it": [ + "influenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian influenza", + "Asiatic flu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influenza caused by the Asian virus that was first isolated in 1957" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swine influenza", + "swine flu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of swine caused by the orthomyxovirus thought to be the same virus that caused the 1918 influenza pandemic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measles", + "rubeola", + "morbilli" + ], + "it": [ + "fersa", + "morbillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German measles", + "rubella", + "three-day measles", + "epidemic roseola" + ], + "it": [ + "rosolia", + "rubeola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contagious viral disease that is a milder form of measles lasting three or four days; can be damaging to a fetus during the first trimester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphtheria" + ], + "it": [ + "difterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute contagious infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae; marked by the formation of a false membrane in the throat and other air passages causing difficulty in breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exanthema subitum", + "roseola infantum", + "roseola infantilis", + "pseudorubella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of infants and young children; characterized by abrupt high fever and mild sore throat; a few days later there is a faint pinkish rash that lasts for a few hours to a few days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet fever", + "scarlatina" + ], + "it": [ + "scarlattina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute communicable disease (usually in children) characterized by fever and a red rash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contagious disease characterized by purulent skin eruptions that may leave pock marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallpox", + "variola", + "variola major" + ], + "it": [ + "vaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alastrim", + "variola minor", + "pseudosmallpox", + "pseudovariola", + "milk pox", + "white pox", + "West Indian smallpox", + "Cuban itch", + "Kaffir pox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild form of smallpox caused by a less virulent form of the virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vincent's angina", + "Vincent's infection", + "trench mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute communicable infection of the respiratory tract and mouth marked by ulceration of the mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several infections of the skin or mucous membrane caused by Blastomyces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromoblastomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungal infection characterized by itchy warty nodules on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea", + "ringworm", + "roundworm" + ], + "it": [ + "tigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhobi itch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection attacking moist parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kerion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ringworm infection of the hair follicles of the scalp and beard that usually results in a swelling that is covered with pustules and oozes fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea pedis", + "athlete's foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea barbae", + "barber's itch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the face and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea capitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the scalp characterized by bald patches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea corporis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of nonhairy parts of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea cruris", + "jock itch", + "eczema marginatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the groin (most common in men)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindness", + "sightlessness", + "cecity" + ], + "it": [ + "cecità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being blind or lacking sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision that is 20/200 or worse in both eyes (20/200 vision is the ability to see at 20 feet what a normal eye can see at 200 feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinea unguium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the nails (especially toenails)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infectious disease" + ], + "it": [ + "morbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "AIDS", + "acquired immune deficiency syndrome" + ], + "it": [ + "AIDS", + "sindrome da immunodeficienza acquisita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brucellosis", + "undulant fever", + "Malta fever", + "Gibraltar fever", + "Rock fever", + "Mediterranean fever" + ], + "it": [ + "brucellosi", + "febbre maltese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious bacterial disease of human beings transmitted by contact with infected animals or infected meat or milk products; characterized by fever and headache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agammaglobulinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare immunological disorder characterized by the virtual absence of gamma globulin in the blood and consequent susceptibility to infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anergy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduction or lack of an immune response to a specific antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypogammaglobulinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally low concentration of gamma globulin in the blood and increased risk of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severe combined immunodeficiency", + "severe combined immunodeficiency disease", + "SCID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital disease affecting T cells that can result from a mutation in any one of several different genes; children with it are susceptible to infectious disease; if untreated it is lethal within the first year or two of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ADA-SCID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "SCID resulting from mutation of a gene that codes for adenosine deaminase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-linked SCID", + "X-SCID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "SCID in male children resulting from mutation of a gene that codes for a protein on the surface of T cells that allows them to develop a growth factor receptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholera", + "Asiatic cholera", + "Indian cholera", + "epidemic cholera" + ], + "it": [ + "colera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dengue", + "dengue fever", + "dandy fever", + "breakbone fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious disease of the tropics transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by rash and aching head and joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysentery" + ], + "it": [ + "dissenteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidemic disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis" + ], + "it": [ + "epatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viral hepatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis caused by a virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis A", + "infectious hepatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute but benign form of viral hepatitis caused by an RNA virus that does not persist in the blood serum and is usually transmitted by ingesting food or drink that is contaminated with fecal matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis B", + "serum hepatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute (sometimes fatal) form of viral hepatitis caused by a DNA virus that tends to persist in the blood serum and is transmitted by sexual contact or by transfusion or by ingestion of contaminated blood or other bodily fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis delta", + "delta hepatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe form of hepatitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral hepatitis clinically indistinguishable from hepatitis B but caused by a single-stranded RNA virus; usually transmitted by parenteral means (as injection of an illicit drug or blood transfusion or exposure to blood or blood products)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver cancer", + "cancer of the liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness and bloating and jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes" + ], + "it": [ + "erpete", + "herpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viral diseases causing eruptions of the skin or mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes simplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus; affects the skin and nervous system; produces small temporary (but sometimes painful) blisters on the skin and mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral herpes", + "herpes labialis", + "cold sore", + "fever blister" + ], + "it": [ + "febbre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genital herpes", + "herpes genitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) that is usually transmitted by sexual contact; marked by recurrent attacks of painful eruptions on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes zoster", + "zoster", + "shingles" + ], + "it": [ + "zoster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickenpox", + "varicella" + ], + "it": [ + "varicella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute contagious disease caused by herpes varicella zoster virus; causes a rash of vesicles on the face and body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venereal disease", + "VD", + "venereal infection", + "social disease", + "Cupid's itch", + "Cupid's disease", + "Venus's curse", + "dose", + "sexually transmitted disease", + "STD" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia a trasmissione sessuale", + "malattia venerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonorrhea", + "gonorrhoea", + "clap" + ], + "it": [ + "blenorragia", + "blenorrea", + "gonorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common venereal disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae; symptoms are painful urination and pain around the urethra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granuloma inguinale", + "granuloma venereum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venereal disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Calymmatobacterium; characterized by a pimply rash of the skin in the genital and groin region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syphilis", + "syph", + "pox", + "lues venerea", + "lues" + ], + "it": [ + "lue", + "malfrancese", + "sifilide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common venereal disease caused by the treponema pallidum spirochete; symptoms change through progressive stages; can be congenital (transmitted through the placenta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary syphilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage; characterized by a chancre at the site of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary syphilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second stage; characterized by eruptions of the skin and mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tertiary syphilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third stage; characterized by involvement of internal organs especially the brain and spinal cord as well as the heart and liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabes dorsalis", + "locomotor ataxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syphilis of the spinal cord characterized by degeneration of sensory neurons and stabbing pains in the trunk and legs and unsteady gait and incontinence and impotence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurosyphilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syphilis of the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wasting of the body during a chronic disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infectious mononucleosis", + "mononucleosis", + "mono", + "glandular fever", + "kissing disease" + ], + "it": [ + "mononucleosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ebola hemorrhagic fever", + "Ebola fever", + "Ebola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe and often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees) caused by the Ebola virus; characterized by high fever and severe internal bleeding; can be spread from person to person; is largely limited to Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lassa fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute contagious viral disease of central western Africa; characterized by fever and inflammation and muscular pains and difficulty swallowing; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leprosy", + "Hansen's disease" + ], + "it": [ + "lebbra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberculoid leprosy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leprosy characterized by tumors in the skin and cutaneous nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepromatous leprosy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very serious form of leprosy characterized by lesions that spread over much of the body and affecting many systems of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrotizing enterocolitis", + "NEC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute inflammatory disease occurring in the intestines of premature infants; necrosis of intestinal tissue may follow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listeriosis", + "listeria meningitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious disease of animals and humans (especially newborn or immunosuppressed persons) caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes; in sheep and cattle the infection frequently involves the central nervous system and causes various neurological symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocytic choriomeningitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of viral meningitis caused by a virus carried by the common house mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphogranuloma venereum", + "LGV", + "lymphopathia venereum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious disease caused by a species of chlamydia bacterium; transmitted by sexual contact; characterized by genital lesions and swelling of lymph nodes in the groin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningitis" + ], + "it": [ + "meningite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection; symptoms include headache and stiff neck and fever and nausea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumps", + "epidemic parotitis" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchione", + "stranguglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebrospinal meningitis", + "epidemic meningitis", + "brain fever", + "cerebrospinal fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meningitis caused by bacteria and often fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paratyphoid", + "paratyphoid fever" + ], + "it": [ + "paratifo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plague", + "pestilence", + "pest", + "pestis" + ], + "it": [ + "peste", + "pestilenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious (sometimes fatal) infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentally transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea that has bitten an infected animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubonic plague", + "pestis bubonica", + "glandular plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common form of the plague in humans; characterized by chills, prostration, delirium and the formation of buboes in the armpits and groin; does not spread from person to person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulant plague", + "ambulatory plague", + "pestis ambulans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild form of bubonic plague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Death", + "Black Plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumonic plague", + "pulmonic plague", + "plague pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapidly progressive and frequently fatal form of the plague that can spread through the air from person to person; characterized by lung involvement with chill, bloody expectoration and high fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septicemic plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially dangerous and generally fatal form of the plague in which infecting organisms invade the bloodstream; does not spread from person to person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poliomyelitis", + "polio", + "infantile paralysis", + "acute anterior poliomyelitis" + ], + "it": [ + "polio", + "poliomielite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pott's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "TB of the spine with destruction of vertebrae resulting in curvature of the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratbite fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two infectious diseases transmitted to humans by the bite of a rat or mouse; characterized by fever and headache and nausea and skin eruptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickettsial disease", + "rickettsiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious disease caused by ticks or mites or body lice infected with rickettsial bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typhus", + "typhus fever" + ], + "it": [ + "tifo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rickettsial disease transmitted by body lice and characterized by skin rash and high fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murine typhus", + "rat typhus", + "urban typhus", + "endemic typhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute infection caused by rickettsia and transmitted by the bite of an infected flea; characterized by fever and chills and muscle aches and a rash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several severe febrile diseases characterized by skin rashes or spots on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain spotted fever", + "mountain fever", + "tick fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caused by rickettsial bacteria and transmitted by wood ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Q fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute disease resembling influenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickettsialpox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild infectious rickettsial disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Rickettsia transmitted to humans by the bite a mite that lives on rodents; characterized by chills and fever and headache and skin lesions that resemble chickenpox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marked by pain in muscles and joints and transmitted by lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsutsugamushi disease", + "scrub typhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmitted by larval mites and widespread in Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relapsing fever", + "recurrent fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marked by recurring high fever and transmitted by the bite of infected lice or ticks; characterized by episodes of high fever and chills and headache and muscle pain and nausea that recur every week or ten days for several months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatic fever" + ], + "it": [ + "febbre reumatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe disease chiefly of children and characterized by painful inflammation of the joints and frequently damage to the heart valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatic heart disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart disease caused by recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever; characterized by changes in the myocardium or scarring of the heart valves that reduce the power of the heart to pump blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweating sickness", + "miliary fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epidemic in the 15th and 16th centuries and characterized by profuse sweating and high mortality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberculosis", + "TB", + "T.B." + ], + "it": [ + "TBC", + "tubercolosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of tubercle bacilli and manifested in fever and small lesions (usually in the lungs but in various other parts of the body in acute stages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miliary tuberculosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute tuberculosis characterized by the appearance of tiny tubercles on one or more organs of the body (presumably resulting from tubercle bacilli being spread in the bloodstream)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary tuberculosis", + "consumption", + "phthisis", + "wasting disease", + "white plague" + ], + "it": [ + "consunzione", + "etisia", + "tisi", + "tisichezza", + "tubercolosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrofula", + "struma", + "king's evil" + ], + "it": [ + "scrofolosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of tuberculosis characterized by swellings of the lymphatic glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typhoid", + "typhoid fever", + "enteric fever" + ], + "it": [ + "febbre tifoidea", + "tifoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious infection marked by intestinal inflammation and ulceration; caused by Salmonella typhosa ingested with food or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whooping cough", + "pertussis" + ], + "it": [ + "pertosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the respiratory mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yaws", + "frambesia", + "framboesia" + ], + "it": [ + "framboesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious tropical disease resembling syphilis in its early stages; marked by red skin eruptions and ulcerating lesions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow jack", + "yellow fever", + "black vomit" + ], + "it": [ + "febbre gialla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caused by a flavivirus transmitted by a mosquito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory disease", + "respiratory illness", + "respiratory disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the respiratory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold", + "common cold" + ], + "it": [ + "infreddatura", + "raffreddore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head cold" + ], + "it": [ + "raffreddore di testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common cold affecting the nasal passages and resulting in congestion and sneezing and headache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asthma", + "asthma attack", + "bronchial asthma" + ], + "it": [ + "asma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing; usually of allergic origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "status asthmaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged and severe asthma attack that does not respond to standard treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchitis" + ], + "it": [ + "bronchite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchial tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchiolitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic bronchitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of bronchitis characterized by excess production of sputum leading to a chronic cough and obstruction of air flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis; usually patients have been heavy cigarette smokers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccidioidomycosis", + "coccidiomycosis", + "valley fever", + "desert rheumatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection of the lungs and skin characterized by excessive sputum and nodules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptococcosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungal infection characterized by nodular lesions--first in the lungs and spreading to the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emphysema", + "pulmonary emphysema" + ], + "it": [ + "enfisema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function; associated with smoking or chronic bronchitis or old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia" + ], + "it": [ + "pneumonia", + "pneumonite", + "polmonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atypical pneumonia", + "primary atypical pneumonia", + "mycoplasmal pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute respiratory disease marked by high fever and coughing; caused by mycoplasma; primarily affecting children and young adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchopneumonia", + "bronchial pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia characterized by acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobar pneumonia involving both lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstitial pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic lung disease affecting the interstitial tissue of the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobar pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia affecting one or more lobes of the lung; commonly due to streptococcal infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Legionnaires' disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute (sometimes fatal) lobar pneumonia caused by bacteria of a kind first recognized after an outbreak of the disease at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in 1976; characterized by fever and muscle and chest pain and headache and chills and a dry cough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumococcal pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia caused by bacteria of the genus pneumococcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumocytosis", + "pneumocystis pneumonia", + "pneumocystis carinii pneumonia", + "interstitial plasma cell pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia occurring in infants or in persons with impaired immune systems (as AIDS victims)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumothorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psittacosis", + "parrot fever", + "ornithosis" + ], + "it": [ + "ornitosi", + "psittacosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atypical pneumonia caused by a rickettsia microorganism and transmitted to humans from infected birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumoconiosis", + "pneumonoconiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic respiratory disease caused by inhaling metallic or mineral particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthracosis", + "black lung", + "black lung disease", + "coal miner's lung" + ], + "it": [ + "antracosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asbestosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siderosis" + ], + "it": [ + "siderosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrosis of the lung caused by iron dust; occurs among welders and other metal workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicosis" + ], + "it": [ + "silicosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lung disease caused by inhaling particles of silica or quartz or slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory distress syndrome", + "respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn", + "hyaline membrane disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute lung disease of the newborn (especially the premature newborn); lungs cannot expand because of a wetting agent is lacking; characterized by rapid shallow breathing and cyanosis and the formation of a glassy hyaline membrane over the alveoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic disease", + "genetic disorder", + "genetic abnormality", + "genetic defect", + "congenital disease", + "inherited disease", + "inherited disorder", + "hereditary disease", + "hereditary condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abetalipoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare inherited disorder of fat metabolism; characterized by severe deficiency of beta-lipoproteins and abnormal red blood cells (acanthocytes) and abnormally low cholesterol levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablepharia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital absence of eyelids (partial or complete)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albinism" + ], + "it": [ + "albinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrencephaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally large braincase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anencephaly", + "anencephalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defect in brain development resulting in small or missing brain hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adactylia", + "adactyly", + "adactylism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital absence of fingers and/or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ametria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital absence of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color blindness", + "colour blindness", + "color vision deficiency", + "colour vision deficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "daltonismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genetic inability to distinguish differences in hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplopia", + "double vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual impairment in which an object is seen as two objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epispadias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital abnormality in males in which the urethra is on the upper surface of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichromacy", + "dichromatism", + "dichromatopsia", + "dichromia", + "dichromasy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency of color vision in which the person can match any given hue by mixing only two other wavelengths of light (as opposed to the three wavelengths needed by people with normal color vision)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-green dichromacy", + "red-green color blindness", + "red-green colour blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion of red and green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deuteranopia", + "Daltonism", + "green-blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to green light resulting in an inability to distinguish green and purplish-red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protanopia", + "red-blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to long wavelengths of light resulting in an inability to distinguish red and purplish blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-blue dichromacy", + "yellow-blue color blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion of yellow and blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetartanopia", + "yellow-blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to yellow light; so rare that its existence has been questioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tritanopia", + "blue-blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare form of dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to blue light resulting in an inability to distinguish blue and yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monochromacy", + "monochromatism", + "monochromatic vision", + "monochromia", + "monochromasy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete color blindness; colors can be differentiated only on the basis of brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystic fibrosis", + "CF", + "fibrocystic disease of the pancreas", + "pancreatic fibrosis", + "mucoviscidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common congenital disease; the child's lungs and intestines and pancreas become clogged with thick mucus; caused by defect in a single gene; no cure is known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inborn error of metabolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galactosemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) in which an enzyme needed to metabolize galactose is deficient or absent; typically develops shortly after birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaucher's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare chronic disorder of lipid metabolism of genetic origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirschsprung's disease", + "congenital megacolon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital condition in which the colon does not have the normal network of nerves; there is little urge to defecate so the feces accumulate and cause megacolon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horner's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of symptoms occurring as a result of damage to nerves in the cervical region of the spine (drooping eyelids and constricted pupils and absence of facial sweating)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntington's chorea", + "Huntington's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary disease; develops in adulthood and ends in dementia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hurler's syndrome", + "Hurler's disease", + "gargoylism", + "dysostosis multiplex", + "lipochondrodystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary disease (autosomal recessive) consisting of an error is mucopolysaccharide metabolism; characterized by severe abnormalities in development of skeletal cartilage and bone and mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucopolysaccharidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of genetic disorders involving a defect in the metabolism of mucopolysaccharides resulting in greater than normal levels of mucopolysaccharides in tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malignant hyperthermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary condition in which certain anesthetics (e.g., halothane) cause high body temperatures and muscle rigidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marfan's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elongated bones (especially of limbs and digits) and abnormalities of the eyes and circulatory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurofibromatosis", + "von Recklinghausen's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous neurofibromas and by spots on the skin and often by developmental abnormalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteogenesis imperfecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbetalipoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetic disorder characterized by high levels of beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol; can lead to atherosclerosis at an early age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypobetalipoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hereditary disorder characterized by low levels of beta-lipoproteins and lipids and cholesterol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several congenital diseases in which the skin is dry and scaly like a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinocephaly", + "clinocephalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital defect in which the top of the head is depressed (concave instead of convex)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinodactyly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital defect in which one or more toes or fingers are abnormally positioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macroglossia" + ], + "it": [ + "macroglossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital disorder characterized by an abnormally large tongue; often seen in cases of Down's syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mongolism", + "mongolianism", + "Down's syndrome", + "Down syndrome", + "trisomy 21" + ], + "it": [ + "mongolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple syrup urine disease", + "branched chain ketoaciduria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited disorder of metabolism in which the urine has a odor characteristic of maple syrup; if untreated it can lead to mental retardation and death in early childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McArdle's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited disease in which abnormal amounts of glycogen accumulate in skeletal muscle; results in weakness and cramping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscular dystrophy", + "dystrophy" + ], + "it": [ + "distrofia muscolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hereditary diseases of the muscular system characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligodactyly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital condition in which some fingers or toes are missing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital condition in which some of the teeth are missing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otosclerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary disorder in which ossification of the labyrinth of the inner ear causes tinnitus and eventual deafness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Becker muscular dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in in adolescence or adulthood and progresses slowly but will affect all voluntary muscles; characterized by generalized weakness and muscle wasting that affects limb and trunk muscles first; similar to Duchenne's muscular dystrophy but less severe; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distal muscular dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in between 40 and 60 years of age and is characterized by weakness and wasting of the muscles of the hands and forearms and lower legs; inheritance is autosomal dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duchenne's muscular dystrophy", + "pseudohypertrophic dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common form of muscular dystrophy; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autosomal dominant disease", + "autosomal dominant disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease caused by a dominant mutant gene on an autosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autosomal recessive disease", + "autosomal recessive defect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease caused by the presence of two recessive mutant genes on an autosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb-girdle muscular dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy that appears anywhere from late childhood to middle age; characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle; usually progresses slowly with cardiopulmonary complications in the later stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inborn error of metabolism in which the lack of certain enzymes leads to an inability to metabolize the amino acid lysine; characterized by muscular weakness and mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myotonic muscular dystrophy", + "myotonic dystrophy", + "myotonia atrophica", + "Steinert's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by generalized weakness and muscular wasting that affects the face and feet and hands and neck; difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips; the onset can be any time from birth to middle age and the progression is slow; inheritance is autosomal dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of muscular dystrophy that usually begins between early adulthood and middle age and first affects muscles of the eyelid and throat; progresses slowly with swallowing problems common as the disease progresses; inheritance is autosomal dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niemann-Pick disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxycephaly", + "acrocephaly" + ], + "it": [ + "acrocefalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital abnormality of the skull; the top of the skull assumes a cone shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aplastic anemia", + "aplastic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia characterized by pancytopenia resulting from failure of the bone marrow; can be caused by neoplasm or by toxic exposure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythroblastosis fetalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe anemia in newborn babies; the result of Rh incompatibility between maternal and fetal blood; typically occurs when the child of an Rh-negative mother inherits Rh-positive blood from the father; can be diagnosed before birth by amniocentesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fanconi's anemia", + "Fanconi's anaemia", + "congenital pancytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare congenital anemia characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplasia of the bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia resulting from eating fava beans; victims have an inherited blood abnormality and enzyme deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemolytic anemia", + "haemolytic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperchromic anemia", + "hyperchromic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia characterized by an increase in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochromic anemia", + "hypochromic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia characterized by a decrease in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoplastic anemia", + "hypoplastic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia resulting from inadequately functioning bone marrow; can develop into aplastic anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron deficiency anemia", + "iron deficiency anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of anemia due to lack of iron in the diet or to iron loss as a result of chronic bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ischemia", + "ischaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "local anemia in a given body part sometimes resulting from vasoconstriction or thrombosis or embolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ischemic stroke", + "ischaemic stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common kind of stroke; caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain (as from a clot blocking a blood vessel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transient ischemic attack", + "TIA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brief episode in which the brain gets insufficient blood supply; symptoms depend on the site of the blockage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorosis", + "greensickness" + ], + "it": [ + "clorosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron deficiency anemia in young women; characterized by weakness and menstrual disturbances and a green color to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrocytic anemia", + "macrocytic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is larger than normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcytic anemia", + "microcytic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is smaller than normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasitemia", + "parasitaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which parasites are present in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pernicious anemia", + "pernicious anaemia", + "malignant anemia", + "malignant anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic progressive anemia of older adults; thought to result from a lack of intrinsic factor (a substance secreted by the stomach that is responsible for the absorption of vitamin B12)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaloblastic anemia", + "megaloblastic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anemia characterized by many large immature and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts) in the bone marrow; associated with pernicious anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaplastic anemia", + "metaplastic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pernicious anemia in which the various formed elements in the blood are changed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractory anemia", + "refractory anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various anemic conditions that are not successfully treated by any means other than blood transfusions (and that are not associated with another primary disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideroblastic anemia", + "sideroblastic anaemia", + "siderochrestic anemia", + "siderochrestic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refractory anemia characterized by sideroblasts in the bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideropenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency of iron; results from inadequate iron in the diet or from hemorrhage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickle-cell anemia", + "sickle-cell anaemia", + "sickle-cell disease", + "crescent-cell anemia", + "crescent-cell anaemia", + "drepanocytic anemia", + "drepanocytic anaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital form of anemia occurring mostly in blacks; characterized by abnormal blood cells having a crescent shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spielmeyer-Vogt disease", + "juvenile amaurotic idiocy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital progressive disorder of lipid metabolism having an onset at age 5 and characterized by blindness and dementia and early death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tay-Sachs disease", + "Tay-Sachs", + "Sachs disease", + "infantile amaurotic idiocy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism occurring most frequently in individuals of Jewish descent in eastern Europe; accumulation of lipids in nervous tissue results in death in early childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombasthenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare autosomal recessive disease in which the platelets do not produce clots in the normal way and hemorrhage results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrosinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autosomal recessive defect in tyrosine metabolism resulting in liver and kidney disturbances and mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Werdnig-Hoffman disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autosomal recessive disease in which the degeneration of spinal nerve cells and brain nerve cells leads to atrophy of skeletal muscles and flaccid paralysis; death usually occurs in early childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemophilia", + "haemophilia", + "bleeder's disease" + ], + "it": [ + "emofilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afibrinogenemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of fibrinogen in the plasma leading to prolonged bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemophilia A", + "haemophilia A", + "classical hemophilia", + "classical haemophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemophilia caused by a congenital deficiency of factor VIII; occurs almost exclusively in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemophilia B", + "haemophilia B", + "Christmas disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "von Willebrand's disease", + "angiohemophilia", + "vascular hemophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of hemophilia discovered by Erik von Willebrand; a genetic disorder that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; characterized by a deficiency of the coagulation factor and by mucosal bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congenital afibrinogenemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare congenital disorder of blood coagulation in which no fibrinogen is found in the blood plasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflammatory disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease characterized by inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroenteritis", + "stomach flu", + "intestinal flu" + ], + "it": [ + "gastroenterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the stomach and intestines; can be caused by Salmonella enteritidis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholera infantum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often fatal form of gastroenteritis occurring in children; not true cholera but having similar symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholera morbus", + "collywobbles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe gastroenteritis of unknown etiology; characterized by severe colic and vomiting and diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvic inflammatory disease", + "PID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the female pelvic organs (especially the Fallopian tubes) caused by infection by any of several microorganisms (chiefly gonococci and chlamydia); symptoms are abdominal pain and fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empyema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of pus in a body cavity (especially in the lung cavity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleurisy" + ], + "it": [ + "pleurite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the pleura of the lungs (especially the parietal layer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purulent pleurisy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of pus in the lung cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleuropneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleurisy and pneumonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyelitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the renal pelvis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sore throat", + "pharyngitis", + "raw throat" + ], + "it": [ + "faringite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the fauces and pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angina" + ], + "it": [ + "angina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinsy", + "peritonsillar abscess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful pus filled inflammation of the tonsils and surrounding tissues; usually a complication of tonsillitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croup", + "spasmodic laryngitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of infants and young children; harsh coughing and hoarseness and fever and difficult breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossoptosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal downward or back placement of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypermotility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive movement; especially excessive motility of the gastrointestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indisposition" + ], + "it": [ + "indisposizione", + "mal essere", + "malessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection" + ], + "it": [ + "infezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amebiasis", + "amoebiasis", + "amebiosis", + "amoebiosis" + ], + "it": [ + "amebiasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection by a disease-causing ameba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amebic dysentery", + "amoebic dysentery" + ], + "it": [ + "amebiasi intestinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the intestines caused by Endamoeba histolytica; usually acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with feces; characterized by severe diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlamydia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria of the genus Chlamydia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascioliasis", + "fasciolosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica; liver damage sometimes occurs; related to liver rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasciolopsiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with the large intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski; common in eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea worm disease", + "Guinea worm", + "dracunculiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful and debilitating infestation contracted by drinking stagnant water contaminated with Guinea worm larvae that can mature inside a human's abdomen until the worm emerges through a painful blister in the person's skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterobiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infestation with or a resulting infection caused by the pinworm Enterobius vermicularis; occurs especially in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felon", + "whitlow" + ], + "it": [ + "giradito", + "panareccio", + "panereccio", + "paronichia", + "patereccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purulent infection at the end of a finger or toe in the area surrounding the nail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focal infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacterial infection limited to a specific organ or region especially one causing symptoms elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection", + "mycosis" + ], + "it": [ + "micosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory condition caused by a fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giardiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection of the intestines with protozoa found in contaminated food and water; characterized by diarrhea and nausea and flatulence and abdominal discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhagic fever", + "haemorrhagic fever", + "viral hemorrhagic fever", + "viral haemorrhagic fever", + "VHF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of illnesses caused by a viral infection (usually restricted to a specific geographic area); fever and gastrointestinal symptoms are followed by capillary hemorrhage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpangia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral infection (usually in children) marked by sore throat and fever and papules in the mouth and throat and headache and abdominal pain; usually subsides in a short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leishmaniasis", + "leishmaniosis", + "kala azar" + ], + "it": [ + "leishmaniosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sores resulting from a tropical infection by protozoa of the genus Leishmania which are spread by sandflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsocial infection", + "cross infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection that is acquired at a hospital or other healthcare facility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportunistic infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any infection caused by a microorganism that does not normally cause disease in humans; occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paronychia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection in the tissues adjacent to a nail on a finger or toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protozoal infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any infection caused by a protozoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory tract infection", + "respiratory infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any infection of the respiratory tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower respiratory infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection of the lower respiratory tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection common in Arab states caused by a bunyavirus; transmitted by a tick that thrives on sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rift Valley fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection common in Africa caused by a bunyavirus; transmitted by mosquitoes or by handling infected animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "HIV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection by the human immunodeficiency virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viral pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumonia caused by a virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severe acute respiratory syndrome", + "SARS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a respiratory disease of unknown etiology that apparently originated in mainland China in 2003; characterized by fever and coughing or difficulty breathing or hypoxia; can be fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper respiratory infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection of the upper respiratory tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scabies", + "itch" + ], + "it": [ + "rogna", + "scabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contagious skin infection caused by the itch mite; characterized by persistent itching and skin irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schistosomiasis", + "bilharzia", + "bilharziasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infestation with or a resulting infection caused by a parasite of the genus Schistosoma; common in the tropics and Far East; symptoms depend on the part of the body infected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sepsis" + ], + "it": [ + "sepsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of pus-forming bacteria or their toxins in the blood or tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visceral leishmaniasis", + "kala-azar", + "Assam fever", + "dumdum fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leishmaniasis of the viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaneous leishmaniasis", + "Old World leishmaniasis", + "oriental sore", + "tropical sore", + "Delhi boil", + "Aleppo boil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leishmaniasis of the skin; characterized by ulcerative skin lesions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucocutaneous leishmaniasis", + "New World leishmaniasis", + "American leishmaniasis", + "leishmaniasis americana", + "nasopharyngeal leishmaniasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of leishmaniasis endemic in Mexico and Central American and South America; sores are limited to the skin and mucosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candidiasis", + "moniliasis", + "monilia disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection caused by fungi of the genus Monilia or Candida (especially Candida albicans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatomycosis", + "dermatophytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the skin (especially of moist parts covered by clothing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contagious fungal infection of the scalp; occurs mainly in Africa and the Middle East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phycomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fungal infection caused by fungi of the Phycomycetes group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporotrichosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic fungal infection of the skin and lymph nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrush" + ], + "it": [ + "mughetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candidiasis of the oral cavity; seen mostly in infants or debilitated adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus", + "focal point", + "nidus" + ], + "it": [ + "focolaio", + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central point or locus of an infection in an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspergillosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunistic infection by a fungus of the genus Aspergillus; characterized by inflammation and lesions of the ear and other organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sore" + ], + "it": [ + "piaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open skin infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil", + "furuncle" + ], + "it": [ + "carboncello", + "fignolo", + "foruncolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful sore with a hard core filled with pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumboil" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ascesso gengivale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boil or abscess on the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory swelling or sore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chilblain", + "chilblains", + "pernio" + ], + "it": [ + "gelone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the hands and feet caused by exposure to cold and moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ulcerated chilblain on the heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbuncle" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection larger than a boil and with several openings for discharge of pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal formation of cartilage from other tissues; observed in some Asians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hard painless nodule at the site of entry of a pathogen (as syphilis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fester", + "suppurating sore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sore that has become inflamed and formed pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin sore caused by chafing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle sore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sore on a horseback rider chafed by a saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shigellosis", + "bacillary dysentery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute infection of the intestine by shigella bacteria; characterized by diarrhea and fever and abdominal pains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staphylococcal infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection with staphylococcus bacteria; usually marked by abscess formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptococcal sore throat", + "strep throat", + "streptococcus tonsilitis", + "septic sore throat", + "throat infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection of the oral pharynx and tonsils by streptococcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sty", + "stye", + "hordeolum", + "eye infection" + ], + "it": [ + "orzaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superinfection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection that occurs while you are being treated for another infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suprainfection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secondary infection caused by an opportunistic infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapeworm infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intestinal infection by a species of parasitic tapeworm; usually the result of eating inadequately cooked meat or fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetanus", + "lockjaw" + ], + "it": [ + "tetano", + "trisma", + "trismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute and serious infection of the central nervous system caused by bacterial infection of open wounds; spasms of the jaw and laryngeal muscles may occur during the late stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxoplasmosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection caused by parasites transmitted to humans from infected cats; if contracted by a pregnant woman it can result in serious damage to the fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichomoniasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection of the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viral infection", + "virus infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infection by a virus that is pathogenic to humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthritis" + ], + "it": [ + "artrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a joint or joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatoid arthritis", + "atrophic arthritis", + "rheumatism" + ], + "it": [ + "artrite reumatoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to the destruction of all components of the joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatoid factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autoantibody that is usually present in the serum of people with rheumatoid arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoimmune disease", + "autoimmune disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large group of diseases characterized by abnormal functioning of the immune system that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against your own tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psoriatic arthritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of rheumatoid arthritis usually affecting fingers and toes and associated with psoriasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Still's disease", + "juvenile rheumatoid arthritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects children; large joints become inflamed and bone growth may be retarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoarthritis", + "degenerative arthritis", + "degenerative joint disease" + ], + "it": [ + "artrosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints; the most common form of arthritis occurring usually after middle age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteosclerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal hardening or eburnation of bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housemaid's knee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the bursa in the knee (due to trauma or excessive kneeling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystitis" + ], + "it": [ + "cistite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the urinary bladder and ureters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gout", + "gouty arthritis", + "urarthritis" + ], + "it": [ + "gotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful inflammation of the big toe and foot caused by defects in uric acid metabolism resulting in deposits of the acid and its salts in the blood and joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spondylarthritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arthritis that affects one or more of the intervertebral joints in the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood disease", + "blood disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "emopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease or disorder of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood poisoning", + "septicemia", + "septicaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "setticemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invasion of the bloodstream by virulent microorganisms from a focus of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapremia", + "sapraemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood poisoning caused by putrefactive bacteria; results from eating putrefied matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozone sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illness that can occur to persons exposed to ozone in high-altitude aircraft; characterized by sleepiness and headache and chest pains and itchiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puerperal fever", + "childbed fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious form of septicemia contracted by a woman during childbirth or abortion (usually attributable to unsanitary conditions); formerly widespread but now uncommon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyemia", + "pyaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "septicemia caused by pus-forming bacteria being released from an abscess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxemia", + "toxaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "tossiemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood poisoning caused by bacterial toxic substances in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxemia of pregnancy", + "toxaemia of pregnancy", + "toxemia", + "toxaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and edema and protein in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclampsia" + ], + "it": [ + "eclampsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic condition characterized by convulsions and possibly coma during or immediately after pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preeclampsia", + "pre-eclampsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal state of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and fluid retention and albuminuria; can lead to eclampsia if untreated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eosinopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in the number of eosinophils in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythroblastosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disease characterized by the abnormal presence of erythroblasts in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoglobinemia", + "haemoglobinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of excessive hemoglobin in the blood plasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoglobinopathy", + "haemoglobinopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disease characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobins in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoptysis", + "haemoptysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coughing up blood from the respiratory tract; usually indicates a severe infection of the bronchi or lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hand-Schuller-Christian disease", + "Schuller-Christian disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammatory histiocytosis associated with disturbance of cholesterol metabolism; occurs chiefly in young children and is characterized by cystic defects of the skull and diabetes insipidus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haverhill fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of ratbite fever occurring in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histiocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disease characterized by an abnormal multiplication of macrophages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydatid mole", + "hydatidiform mole", + "molar pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormality during pregnancy; chorionic villi around the fetus degenerate and form clusters of fluid-filled sacs; usually associated with the death of the fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydramnios" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormality of pregnancy; accumulation of excess amniotic fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water on the knee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydrarthrosis affecting the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood disorder in which there is excess fluid volume compared with the cell volume of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder in which serous fluid accumulates in a body sac (especially in the scrotum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of lipid metabolism; abnormal levels of certain fats accumulate in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipemia", + "lipaemia", + "lipidemia", + "lipidaemia", + "lipoidemia", + "lipoidaemia", + "hyperlipemia", + "hyperlipaemia", + "hyperlipidemia", + "hyperlipidaemia", + "hyperlipoidemia", + "hyperlipoidaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of excess lipids in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysine intolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in which a lack of certain enzymes makes it impossible to digest the amino acid lysine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysogeny", + "lysogenicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of a host bacterium that has incorporated a phage into its own genetic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothrombinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low level of prothrombin (factor II) in the circulating blood; results in long clotting time and poor clot formation and sometimes excessive bleeding; can result from vitamin K deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypervolemia", + "hypervolaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disorder consisting of an increase in the volume of circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypovolemia", + "hypovolaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disorder consisting of a decrease in the volume of circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemia", + "anaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "anemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency of red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalassemia", + "thalassaemia", + "Mediterranean anemia", + "Mediterranean anaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "microcitemia", + "talassemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited form of anemia caused by faulty synthesis of hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooley's anemia", + "Cooley's anaemia", + "thalassemia major", + "thalassaemia major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatal form of homozygous thalassemia (inherited from both parents) in which there is no hemoglobin; skeletal deformations; heart and spleen and liver enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukocytosis", + "leucocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood as a result of infection (as in leukemia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukopenia", + "leucopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal lowering of the white blood cell count" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutropenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leukopenia in which the decrease is primarily in number of neutrophils (the chief phagocytic leukocyte)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclic neutropenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neutropenia that occurs periodically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocytopenia", + "lymphopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally small number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disorder characterized by the presence of microcytes (abnormally small red blood cells) in the blood; often associated with anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polycythemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purpura", + "peliosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several blood diseases causing subcutaneous bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonthrombocytopenic purpura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purpura resulting from a defect in the capillaries caused by bacteria or drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential thrombocytopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the primary form of thrombocytopenia (rather than a shortage of platelets caused by other conditions such as tuberculosis or chemical suppression of bone marrow etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombocytopenia", + "thrombopenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood disease characterized by an abnormally small number of platelets in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficiency disease" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia da carenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease caused by a lack of an essential nutrient (as a vitamin or mineral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrocystic breast disease", + "fibrocystic disease of the breast", + "cystic breast disease", + "cystic mastitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of one or more cysts in a breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avitaminosis", + "hypovitaminosis" + ], + "it": [ + "avitaminosi", + "disvitaminosi", + "ipovitaminosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several diseases caused by deficiency of one or more vitamins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypervitaminosis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipervitaminosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition resulting from taking vitamins excessively; can be serious for vitamins A or D or K" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypospadias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagophthalmos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal condition in which an eye cannot close completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beriberi" + ], + "it": [ + "beri beri", + "beriberi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avitaminosis caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kakke disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the endemic form of beriberi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goiter", + "goitre", + "struma", + "thyromegaly" + ], + "it": [ + "gozzo", + "struma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally enlarged thyroid gland; can result from underproduction or overproduction of hormone or from a deficiency of iodine in the diet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malnutrition" + ], + "it": [ + "denutrizione", + "ipoalimentazione", + "malnutrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of poor nutrition; can result from insufficient or excessive or unbalanced diet or from inability to absorb foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kwashiorkor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe malnutrition in children resulting from a diet excessively high in carbohydrates and low in protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marasmus" + ], + "it": [ + "marasma", + "marasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme malnutrition and emaciation (especially in children); can result from inadequate intake of food or from malabsorption or metabolic disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental abnormality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any abnormality of mental function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanophthalmos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which both eyes are abnormally small but otherwise normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic brain syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental abnormality resulting from disturbance of the structure or function of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc deficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency caused by inadequate zinc in the diet or by liver disease or cystic fibrosis or other diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellagra", + "Alpine scurvy", + "mal de la rosa", + "mal rosso", + "maidism", + "mayidism", + "Saint Ignatius' itch" + ], + "it": [ + "maidismo", + "pellagra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease caused by deficiency of niacin or tryptophan (or by a defect in the metabolic conversion of tryptophan to niacin); characterized by gastrointestinal disturbances and erythema and nervous or mental disorders; may be caused by malnutrition or alcoholism or other nutritional impairments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickets", + "rachitis" + ], + "it": [ + "rachitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scurvy", + "scorbutus" + ], + "it": [ + "scorbuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermoid cyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cystic tumor (usually benign) with a wall lined with epithelium and a cavity containing other material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galactocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cystic tumor containing milk or a milky substance (especially in the mammary glands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhagic cyst", + "blood cyst", + "hematocyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyst containing blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydatid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cyst filled with liquid; forms as a result of infestation by tapeworm larvae (as in echinococcosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nabothian cyst", + "nabothian follicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyst that forms in the nabothian glands of the uterine cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovarian cyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cystic tumor (usually benign) of the ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalazion", + "Meibomian cyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sebaceous cyst of the eyelid resulting when a Meibomian gland is blocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyst on the underside of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sebaceous cyst", + "pilar cyst", + "wen", + "steatocystoma" + ], + "it": [ + "natta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common cyst of the skin; filled with fatty matter (sebum) that is secreted by a sebaceous gland that has been blocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyst" + ], + "it": [ + "ciste", + "cisti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed sac that develops abnormally in some body structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor nonspecific ailment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion sickness", + "kinetosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being dizzy or nauseated because of the motions that occur while traveling in or on a moving vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airsickness", + "air sickness" + ], + "it": [ + "mal d'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion sickness experienced while traveling by air (especially during turbulence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion sickness experienced while traveling in a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasickness", + "mal de mer", + "naupathia" + ], + "it": [ + "mal di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion sickness experienced while traveling on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heatstroke", + "heat hyperpyrexia" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collapse caused by exposure to excessive heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat exhaustion", + "heat prostration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition marked by dizziness and nausea and weakness caused by depletion of body fluids and electrolytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostration characterized by cold and clammy skin and low blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunstroke", + "insolation", + "thermic fever", + "siriasis" + ], + "it": [ + "insolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden prostration due to exposure to the sun or excessive heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endometriosis", + "adenomyosis" + ], + "it": [ + "endometriosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of endometrium elsewhere than in the lining of the uterus; causes premenstrual pain and dysmenorrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathology" + ], + "it": [ + "patologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any deviation from a healthy or normal condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesion" + ], + "it": [ + "aderenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal union of bodily tissues; most common in the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal adhesion of two or more structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhesions between the iris and the lens or cornea resulting from trauma or eye surgery or as a complication of glaucoma or cataract; can lead to blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior synechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhesion between the iris and the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior synechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhesion between the iris and the lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemochromatosis", + "iron-storage disease", + "iron overload", + "bronzed diabetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathology in which iron accumulates in the tissues; characterized by bronzed skin and enlarged liver and diabetes mellitus and abnormalities of the pancreas and the joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classic hemochromatosis", + "idiopathic hemochromatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inherited form of hemochromatosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquired hemochromatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemochromatosis resulting from repeated transfusions or from excessive intake of foods containing iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infarct", + "infarction" + ], + "it": [ + "infarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "localized necrosis resulting from obstruction of the blood supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of macrocytes in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrosis" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelofibrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrosis of the bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacia" + ], + "it": [ + "malacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of abnormal softening of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteomalacia" + ], + "it": [ + "osteomalacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal softening of bones caused by deficiencies of phosphorus or calcium or vitamin D" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastopathy", + "mazopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pathology of the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pathology of the peripheral nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease", + "hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of neuropathy that can begin between childhood and young adulthood; characterized by weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the hands and lower legs; progression is slow and individuals affected can have a normal life span; inheritance is X-linked recessive or X-linked dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mononeuropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any neuropathy of a single nerve trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple mononeuropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathology of several individual nerve trunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pathology of the muscles that is not attributable to nerve dysfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatomyositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myositis characterized by weakness of limb and neck muscles and much muscle pain and swelling accompanied by skin rash affecting cheeks and eyelids and neck and chest and limbs; progression and severity vary among individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymyositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myositis characterized by weakness of limb and neck muscles and much muscle pain and swelling; progression and severity vary among individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclusion body myositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myositis characterized by weakness of limb muscles (especially the thighs and wrists and fingers); sometimes involves swallowing muscles; onset after 50 and slowly progressive; seen more often in men than in women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteopetrosis", + "Albers-Schonberg disease", + "marble bones disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited disorder characterized by an increase in bone density; in severe forms the bone marrow cavity may be obliterated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoporosis" + ], + "it": [ + "osteoporosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium; most common in postmenopausal women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priapism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which the penis is continually erect; usually painful and seldom with sexual arousal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demineralization", + "demineralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal loss of mineral salts (especially from bone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyorrhea", + "pyorrhoea" + ], + "it": [ + "piorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge of pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uremia", + "uraemia", + "azotemia", + "azotaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "uremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation in the blood of nitrogenous waste products (urea) that are usually excreted in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azoturia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess of urea in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesion" + ], + "it": [ + "lesione", + "ferita", + "contusione", + "frattura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any localized abnormal structural change in a bodily part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubercle" + ], + "it": [ + "tubercolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swelling that is the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulcer", + "ulceration" + ], + "it": [ + "ulcera", + "ulceramento", + "ulcerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circumscribed inflammatory and often suppurating lesion on the skin or an internal mucous surface resulting in necrosis of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphthous ulcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blister on the mucous membranes of the lips or mouth or gastrointestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedsore", + "pressure sore", + "decubitus ulcer" + ], + "it": [ + "piaga da decubito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic ulcer of the skin caused by prolonged pressure on it (as in bedridden patients)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious venereal ulcer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptic ulcer", + "peptic ulceration" + ], + "it": [ + "ulcera peptica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ulcer of the mucous membrane lining of the alimentary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duodenal ulcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peptic ulcer of the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric ulcer" + ], + "it": [ + "ulcera gastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peptic ulcer of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canker", + "canker sore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ulceration (especially of the lips or lining of the mouth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noli-me-tangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cancerous ulcer of soft tissue and bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute ulceration of the mucous membranes of the mouth or genitals; often seen in undernourished children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affliction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of suffering or distress due to ill health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvature" + ], + "it": [ + "curvatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a curving or bending; often abnormal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deformity", + "malformation", + "misshapenness" + ], + "it": [ + "deformazione", + "deformità", + "malformazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affliction in which some part of the body is misshapen or malformed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnold-Chiari deformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deformity in which part of the brain protrudes through the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clawfoot", + "pes cavus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deformity of the foot characterized by an abnormally high arch and hyperextension of the toes which gives the foot the appearance of a claw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleft foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deformity in which the space between the third and fourth toes extends up into the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleft lip", + "harelip", + "cheiloschisis" + ], + "it": [ + "labbro leporino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital cleft in the middle of the upper lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleft palate" + ], + "it": [ + "palatoschisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital fissure of the hard palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clubfoot", + "talipes" + ], + "it": [ + "piedecavo", + "talismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital deformity of the foot usually marked by a curled shape or twisted position of the ankle and heel and toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talipes valgus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deformity of the foot in which the foot is twisted outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talipes equinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talipes in which the toes are pointed downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talipes calcaneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talipes in which the toes are pointed upward and the person walks on the heel of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon breast", + "chicken breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal protrusion of the breastbone caused by rickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant disease resulting in withering without rotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alder blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of alders caused by the woolly alder aphid (a plant louse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple blight", + "apple canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of apple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of beet plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of tea plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of Scotch pines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the canes of various bush fruits (e.g., raspberries or currants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungous leaf spot disease of the celery plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut blight", + "chestnut canker", + "chestnut-bark disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of American chestnut trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blight affecting the coffee plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the trunks of pear and apple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire blight", + "pear blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease blackening the leaves of pear and apple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blight canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phase of fire blight in which cankers appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halo blight", + "halo spot", + "bean blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blight of bean plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halo blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blight affecting the leaves of oats and other grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blight of the heads of cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat scab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the heads of wheat plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "late blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blight in which symptoms appear late in the growing season especially a disease of solanaceous plants caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any blight causing a browning and falling of the leaves of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant disease localized in the foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle blight", + "needle cast", + "leaf cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of conifers causing the needles to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black plant louse that lives on oaks and dogwoods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of trees bearing drupes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato blight", + "potato mold", + "potato disease", + "potato mildew", + "potato murrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blight of potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of tea plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinach blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of spinach plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of raspberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungous blight attacking the stems of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripe blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of oats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thread blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of tropical woody plants (cacao or tea or citrus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato blight", + "tomato yellows" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of tomato plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twig blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the ends of twigs of woody plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walnut blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of English walnut trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandfly fever", + "pappataci fever", + "phlebotomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild viral disease transmitted by the bite of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin disease", + "disease of the skin", + "skin disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease affecting the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lupus vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberculosis of the skin; appears first on the face and heals slowly leaving deep scars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankylosing spondylitis", + "Marie-Strumpell disease", + "rheumatoid spondylitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic form of spondylitis primarily in males and marked by impaired mobility of the spine; sometimes leads to ankylosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discoid lupus erythematosus", + "DLE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic skin disease occurring primarily in women between the ages of 20 and 40; characterized by an eruption of red lesions over the cheeks and bridge of the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hashimoto's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland; most common in middle-aged women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lupus erythematosus", + "LE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systemic lupus erythematosus", + "SLE", + "disseminated lupus erythematosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory disease of connective tissue with variable features including fever and weakness and fatigability and joint pains and skin lesions on the face or neck or arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acantholysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breakdown of a cell layer in the epidermis (as in pemphigus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal but benign thickening of the prickle-cell layer of the skin (as in psoriasis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthosis nigricans", + "keratosis nigricans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin disease characterized by dark wartlike patches in the body folds; can be benign or malignant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acne" + ], + "it": [ + "acne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin; characterized by papules or pustules or comedones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acne rosacea", + "rosacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin disease of adults (more often women) in which blood vessels of the face enlarge resulting in a flushed appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acne vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common form of acne; usually affects people from puberty to young adulthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinic dermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis caused exposure to sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atopic dermatitis", + "atopic eczema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe form of dermatitis characterized by atopy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble gum dermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allergic contact dermatitis developed around the lips of children who chew bubble gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact dermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delayed type of allergic reaction of the skin resulting from skin contact with a specific allergen (such as poison ivy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhus dermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact dermatitis resulting from contact with plants of the genus Toxicodendron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison ivy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis resulting from contact with the poison ivy plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison oak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis resulting from contact with a poison oak plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison sumac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis resulting from contact with a poison sumac plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dermatitis of the scalp that is common in infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaper rash", + "diaper dermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis of the thighs and buttocks of infants; supposedly caused by ammonia in the urine in the child's diapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypericism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe dermatitis of herbivorous domestic animals attributable to photosensitivity from eating Saint John's wort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurodermatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis in which localized areas (especially the forearms or back of the neck or outer part of the ankle) itch persistently; cause is unknown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schistosome dermatitis", + "swimmer's itch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensitization reaction to repeated invasion of the skin by cercariae of schistosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatitis" + ], + "it": [ + "dermatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the skin; skin becomes itchy and may develop blisters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder involving lesions or eruptions of the skin (in which there is usually no inflammation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baker's eczema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allergic eczema caused by flour or other ingredients handled by bakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergic eczema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eczema caused by an allergic reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eczema herpeticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eczema characterized by a feverish condition and widespread eruption of vesicles; most common in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eczema vaccinatum", + "Kaposi's varicelliform eruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a now rare complication of vaccinia superimposed on atopic dermatitis with high fever and generalized vesicles and papulovesicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lichtenoid eczema", + "chronic eczema", + "eczema hypertrophicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eczema characterized by thickening of the skin with accentuated skin lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eczema" + ], + "it": [ + "eczema", + "esantema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generic term for inflammatory conditions of the skin; particularly with vesiculation in the acute stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal redness of the skin resulting from dilation of blood vessels (as in sunburn or inflammation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythema multiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red rash caused by hypersensitivity to a drug or disease or other allergen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythema nodosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin condition characterized by tender red nodules on the shins and legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hickey", + "love bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary red mark on a person's skin resulting from kissing or sucking by their lover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythema nodosum leprosum", + "ENL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory complication of leprosy that results in painful skin lesions on the arms and legs and face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythroderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skin disorder involving abnormal redness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddening of the skin spreading outward from a focus of infection or irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furunculosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute skin disease characterized by the presence of many furuncles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impetigo" + ], + "it": [ + "empetiggine", + "impetiggine", + "impetigine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very contagious infection of the skin; common in children; localized redness develops into small blisters that gradually crust and erode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin disorder induced by a tropical climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoderma", + "keratodermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skin disorder consisting of a growth that appears horny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratonosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any abnormal condition of the outer skin (epidermis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin condition marked by an overgrowth of layers of horny skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinic keratosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overgrowth of skin layers resulting from extended exposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratosis blennorrhagica", + "keratoderma blennorrhagica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin disease characterized by a scaly rash on the palms and soles; associated with Reiter's syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratosis follicularis", + "Darier's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare hereditary condition marked by dark crusted patches (sometimes containing pus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratosis pilaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keratosis characterized by hard conical elevations in the openings of sebaceous glands (especially of arms and thighs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seborrheic keratosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin condition characterized by circumscribed wartlike lesions that can be itchy and covered with a greasy crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukoderma" + ], + "it": [ + "leucodermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital skin condition characterized by spots or bands of unpigmented skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several eruptive skin diseases characterized by hard thick lesions grouped together and resembling lichens growing on rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lichen planus", + "lichen ruber planus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eruption of shiny flat-topped purplish (usually itchy) papules on the wrist and forearms and thighs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin disorder characterized by patchy bluish discolorations on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lupus" + ], + "it": [ + "lupus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several forms of ulcerative skin disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanosis", + "melanism" + ], + "it": [ + "melanosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition characterized by abnormal deposits of melanin (especially in the skin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molluscum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skin disease characterized by soft pulpy nodules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molluscum contagiosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virus disease of the skin marked by round white swellings; transmitted from person to person (most often in children or in adults with impaired immune function)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrobiosis lipoidica", + "necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin disease marked by thin shiny patches (especially on the legs); often associated with diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pemphigus" + ], + "it": [ + "pemfigo", + "penfigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin disease characterized by large thin-walled blisters (bullae) arising from normal skin or mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pityriasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several skin disorders characterized by shedding dry flakes of skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandruff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which white scales of dead skin are shed by the scalp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pityriasis alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common form of pityriasis (usually in children or young adults) characterized by round patches of depigmentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pityriasis rosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pityriasis in which an itchy rash develops over the trunk and extremities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prurigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by blister capped papules and intense itching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psoriasis" + ], + "it": [ + "psoriasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches covered with scales; occurs especially on the scalp and ears and genitalia and the skin over bony prominences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhagades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cracks or fissures in the skin (especially around the mouth or anus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Anthony's fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several inflammatory or gangrenous skin conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erysipelas" + ], + "it": [ + "eresipela", + "erisipela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute streptococcal infection characterized by deep-red inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scleredema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin disease marked by hard edema of the tissue usually beginning in the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seborrhea" + ], + "it": [ + "seborrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which overactivity of the sebaceous glands causes the skin to become oily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seborrheic dermatitis", + "seborrheic eczema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic skin disease associated with seborrhea and greasy scales on the scalp or eyelids or other parts of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitiligo" + ], + "it": [ + "vitiligine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acquired skin disease characterized by patches of unpigmented skin (often surrounded by a heavily pigmented border)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthelasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "xanthoma of the eyelids; occurs chiefly in the elderly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthoma" + ], + "it": [ + "xantoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin problem marked by the development (on the eyelids and neck and back) of irregular yellow nodules; sometimes attributable to disturbances of cholesterol metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthoma disseminatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare chronic xanthoma of adults in which orange or brownish papules develop on many surfaces of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthomatosis", + "xanthoma multiplex", + "cholesterosis cutis", + "lipid granulomatosis", + "lipoid granulomatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread xanthomas (especially on elbows and knees); often associated with a disorder of lipid metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal yellow discoloration of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exostosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign outgrowth from a bone (usually covered with cartilage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyp", + "polypus" + ], + "it": [ + "polipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenomatous polyp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyp that consists of benign neoplastic tissue derived from glandular epithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sessile polyp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively flat polyp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedunculated polyp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyp with a stalk or peduncle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peduncle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin process of tissue that attaches a polyp to the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumor", + "tumour", + "neoplasm" + ], + "it": [ + "cancro", + "tumore", + "neoplasia", + "neoplasma", + "neoformazione", + "carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthoma", + "skin tumor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neoplasm originating in the epidermis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenoma" + ], + "it": [ + "adenoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign epithelial tumor of glandular origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angioma" + ], + "it": [ + "angioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor consisting of a mass of blood or lymphatic vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common benign tumor of cartilage cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benign tumor", + "benign tumour", + "nonmalignant tumor", + "nonmalignant tumour", + "nonmalignant neoplasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor that is not cancerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastoma", + "blastocytoma", + "embryonal carcinosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor composed of immature undifferentiated cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain tumor", + "brain tumour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glioblastoma", + "spongioblastoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast-growing malignant brain tumor composed of spongioblasts; nearly always fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor of the brain consisting of neuroglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcinoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tumor (benign or malignant) arising from the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract; usually associated with excessive secretion of serotonin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcinosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm composed of carcinoma and sarcoma extensively intermixed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abdominal tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malignancy", + "malignance" + ], + "it": [ + "malignità", + "carattere maligno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a malignant state; progressive and resistant to treatment and tending to cause death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulation", + "granulation tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "new connective tissue and tiny blood vessels that form on the surfaces of a wound during the healing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchondroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign slow-growing tumor of cartilaginous cells at the ends of tubular bones (especially in the hands and feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibroadenoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign and movable and firm and not tender tumor of the breast; common in young women and caused by high levels of estrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibroid tumor", + "fibroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign tumor containing fibrous tissue (especially in the uterus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonmalignant tumor of connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granuloma" + ], + "it": [ + "granuloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor composed of granulation tissue resulting from injury or inflammation or infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumma" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rubbery granuloma that is characteristic of an advanced stage of syphilis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamartoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a focal growth that resembles a neoplasm but results from faulty development in an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoacanthoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin tumor that grows rapidly (especially in older people) and resembles a carcinoma but does not spread; it usually disappears spontaneously, often leaving a scar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipoma", + "adipose tumor" + ], + "it": [ + "lipoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor consisting of fatty tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor", + "malignant neoplasm", + "metastatic tumor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor that is malignant and tends to spread to other parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor arising in the meninges which surround the brain and spinal cord; usually slow growing and sometimes malignant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancer", + "malignant neoplastic disease" + ], + "it": [ + "cancro", + "carcinoma", + "tumore maligno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare malignant neoplasm arising from vascular tissue; usually occurs in the breast and skin and is believed to originate from the endothelial cells of blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondrosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm of cartilage cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ewing's sarcoma", + "Ewing's tumor", + "Ewing's tumour", + "endothelial myeloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor in bone marrow (usually in the pelvis or in long bones)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaposi's sarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sarcoma that starts with purplish spots on the feet and legs and spreads from the skin to lymph nodes and internal organs; a common manifestation of AIDS" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leiomyosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sarcoma of smooth muscle; occurs most often digestive tract or uterus or bladder or prostate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liposarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sarcoma of fat cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sarcoma of muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurosarcoma", + "malignant neuroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm of nerve tissue and fibrous tissue and connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteosarcoma", + "osteogenic sarcoma" + ], + "it": [ + "osteosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant bone tumor; most common in children and young adults where it tends to affect the femur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphadenoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally enlarged lymph node" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphadenopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphoma" + ], + "it": [ + "linfoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neoplasm of lymph tissue that is usually malignant; one of the four major types of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hodgkin's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant disorder in which there is progressive (but painless) enlargement of lymph tissue followed by enlargement of the spleen and liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcinoma" + ], + "it": [ + "carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue; one of the four major types of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancroid", + "squamous cell carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common form of skin cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukemia", + "leukaemia", + "leucaemia", + "cancer of the blood" + ], + "it": [ + "leucemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; characterized by abnormal proliferation of leukocytes; one of the four major types of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapidly progressing leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute lymphocytic leukemia", + "acute lymphoblastic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute leukemia characterized by proliferation of immature lymphoblast-like cells in bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and blood; most common in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute myelocytic leukemia", + "acute myeloid leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute leukemia characterized by proliferation of granular leukocytes; most common in adolescents and young adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slowly progressing leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic lymphocytic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic leukemia characterized by lymphoblast-like cells; more common in older men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic myelocytic leukemia", + "myeloid leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic leukemia characterized by granular leukocytes; more common in older people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocytic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leukemia characterized by enlargement of lymphoid tissues and lymphocytic cells in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphoblastic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of lymphocytic leukemia in which the abnormal cells in the circulating blood are almost totally lymphoblasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocytic leukemia", + "monocytic leukaemia", + "monoblastic leukemia", + "monoblastic leukaemia", + "histiocytic leukemia", + "histiocytic leukaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leukemia characterized by the proliferation of monocytes and monoblasts in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myeloblastic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; characterized by numerous myeloblasts in the blood stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelocytic leukemia", + "granulocytic leukemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; marked by proliferation of myelocytes and their presence in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhabdomyosarcoma", + "rhabdosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly malignant neoplasm derived from striated muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma", + "embryonal rhabdosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of rhabdomyosarcoma occurring mainly in infants and children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma", + "alveolar rhabdosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of rhabdomyosarcoma occurring mainly in adolescents and young adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma", + "pleomorphic rhabdosarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of rhabdomyosarcoma that affects limb muscles of older adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilms' tumor", + "Wilms tumour", + "adenomyosarcoma", + "nephroblastoma", + "embryoma of the kidney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant renal tumor of young children characterized by hypertension and blood in the urine and the presence of a palpable mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcoma" + ], + "it": [ + "sarcoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually malignant tumor arising from connective tissue (bone or muscle etc.); one of the four major types of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenocarcinoma", + "glandular cancer", + "glandular carcinoma" + ], + "it": [ + "adenocarcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancer of the breast; one of the most common malignancies in women in the US" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcinoma in situ", + "preinvasive cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of malignant cells that has not yet invaded the deeper epithelial tissue or spread to other parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colon cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant tumor of the colon; early symptom is bloody stools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryonal carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant neoplasm of the testis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endometrial carcinoma", + "endometrial cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancer of the uterine lining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemangioma", + "haemangioma" + ], + "it": [ + "emangioma", + "emoangioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign angioma consisting of a mass of blood vessels; some appear as birthmarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry hemangioma", + "strawberry haemangioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital bright red superficial vascular tumor resembling a strawberry; tends to decrease in size during childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphangioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign angioma consisting of a mass of lymphatic vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider angioma", + "spider nevus", + "vascular spider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dilation of superficial capillaries with a central red dot from which blood vessels radiate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myeloma" + ], + "it": [ + "mieloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor of the bone marrow (usually malignant) composed of cells normally found in bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple myeloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myeloma that develops in several places at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myoma" + ], + "it": [ + "mioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign tumor composed of muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign tumor of connective tissue containing jellylike material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tumor (usually benign) of the sheath surrounding a nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroblastoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor containing embryonic nerve cells; usually metastasizes quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroepithelioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor of the neuroepithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurofibroma", + "neurilemoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tumor of the fibrous covering of a peripheral nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tumor derived from cells of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leiomyoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign tumor of smooth muscle (usually in the uterus or digestive tract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhabdomyoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign rumor of striated muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoblastoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign tumor of bone and fibrous tissue; occurs in the vertebrae or femur or tibia or arm bones (especially in young adults)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteochondroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage; usually occurs near the end of a long bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow growing benign tumor of consisting of bone tissue; usually on the skull or mandible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papilloma", + "villoma", + "papillary tumor", + "papillary tumour" + ], + "it": [ + "papilloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign epithelial tumor forming a rounded mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheochromocytoma", + "phaeochromocytoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vascular tumor of the adrenal gland; hypersecretion of epinephrine results in intermittent or sustained hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinealoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tumor of the pineal gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmacytoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neoplasm of plasma cells (usually in bone marrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psammoma", + "sand tumor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor derived from fibrous tissue of the meninges or choroid plexus or certain other structures associated with the brain; characterized by sandlike particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinoblastoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant ocular tumor of retinal cells; usually occurs before the third year of life; composed of primitive small round retinal cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teratoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor consisting of a mixture of tissues not normally found at that site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatoma", + "malignant hepatoma", + "hepatocarcinoma", + "hepatocellular carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carcinoma of the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lung cancer" + ], + "it": [ + "cancro del polmone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carcinoma of the lungs; one of the commonest forms of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesothelioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of carcinoma of the mesothelium lining lungs or abdomen or heart; usually associated with exposure to asbestos dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oat cell carcinoma", + "small cell carcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly malignant carcinoma composed of small round or egg-shaped cells with little cytoplasm; lung cancers are frequently oat cell carcinomas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant neoplasm of the lips of mouth; most common in men over the age of 60" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatic cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancer of the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostate cancer", + "prostatic adenocarcinoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancer of the prostate gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminoma", + "testicular cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant tumor of the testis; usually occurring in older men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin cancer" + ], + "it": [ + "cancro alla pelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant neoplasm of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epithelioma" + ], + "it": [ + "epitelioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanoma", + "malignant melanoma" + ], + "it": [ + "melanoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several malignant neoplasms (usually of the skin) consisting of melanocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophoblastic cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malignant neoplasm of the uterus derived from the epithelium of the chorion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease that typically does not affect human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of cattle that can be transmitted to humans; results from infection with actinomycetes; characterized by hard swellings that exude pus through long sinuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervicofacial actinomycosis", + "lumpy jaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commonest and least severe form of actinomycosis; affects the face and neck regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataract" + ], + "it": [ + "cataratta", + "cateratta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macular edema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye disease caused by a swelling of the macula resulting from leakage and accumulation of fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystoid macular edema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific pattern of swelling in the central retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drusen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) an eye disease resulting from small accumulations of hyaline bodies underneath the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaucoma" + ], + "it": [ + "glaucoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye disease that damages the optic nerve and impairs vision (sometimes progressing to blindness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute glaucoma", + "closed-angle glaucoma", + "angle-closure glaucoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glaucoma in which the iris blocks the outflow of aqueous humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normal tension glaucoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glaucoma that results from damage to the optic nerve although the intraocular pressure is normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortical cataract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cataract that affects the lens cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear cataract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cataract that affects the nucleus of the lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior subcapsular cataract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cataract in the rear of the lens capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic glaucoma", + "open-angle glaucoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glaucoma caused by blockage of the canal of Schlemm; produces gradual loss of peripheral vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratonosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macular degeneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eye disease caused by degeneration of the cells of the macula lutea and results in blurred vision; can cause blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age-related macular degeneration", + "AMD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macular degeneration that is age-related" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the retina that can result in loss of vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetic retinopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retinopathy involving damage to the small blood vessels in the retina; results from chronically high blood glucose levels in people with poorly controlled diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trachoma" + ], + "it": [ + "tracoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic contagious viral disease marked by inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye and the formation of scar tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukoma", + "leucoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eye disease consisting of an opaque white spot on the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenitis" + ], + "it": [ + "adenite", + "poroadenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a gland or lymph node" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs caused by inhaling dust; with repeated exposure the condition may become chronic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolitis", + "dry socket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation in the socket of a tooth; sometimes occurs after a tooth is extracted and a blood clot fails to form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a blood vessel or lymph duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatic aortitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aortitis occurring in rheumatic fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicitis" + ], + "it": [ + "appendicite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vermiform appendix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteritis" + ], + "it": [ + "arterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of an artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periarteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the outer coat of an artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyarteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of several arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Takayasu's arteritis", + "pulseless disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorder characterized by the absence of a pulse in both arms and in the carotid arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal arteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the temporal arteries; characterized by headaches and difficulty chewing and (sometimes) visual impairment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmia", + "ophthalmitis" + ], + "it": [ + "oftalmia", + "oftalmite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe conjunctivitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmia neonatorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmia in newborns; contracted while passing through the birth canal; usually prevented with silver nitrate drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic actinomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious form of actinomycosis that affects the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal actinomycosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious form of actinomycosis that affects the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmer's lung", + "thresher's lung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alveolitis caused by an allergic reaction to fungal spores in the dust that is inhaled from moldy hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaplasmosis" + ], + "it": [ + "anaplasmosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of cattle that is transmitted by cattle ticks; similar to Texas fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthrax", + "splenic fever" + ], + "it": [ + "antrace", + "carbonchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly infectious animal disease (especially cattle and sheep); it can be transmitted to people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspergillosis", + "brooder pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe respiratory disease of birds that takes the form of an acute rapidly fatal pneumonia in young chickens and turkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspiration pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the lungs caused by inhaling or choking on vomitus; may occur during unconsciousness (anesthesia or drunkenness or seizure or cardiac arrest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagassosis", + "bagascosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alveolitis caused by inhaling bagasse (sugarcane dust)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balanitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the head of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balanoposthitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of both the head of the penis and the foreskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bighead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various diseases of animals characterized by edema of the head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blepharitis" + ], + "it": [ + "blefarite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the eyelids characterized by redness and swelling and dried crusts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bursitis" + ], + "it": [ + "borsite", + "bursite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a bursa; frequently in the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brucellosis", + "contagious abortion", + "Bang's disease" + ], + "it": [ + "brucellosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious disease of domestic animals often resulting in spontaneous abortion; transmittable to human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluetongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of sheep and cattle that is transmitted by biting midges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bovine spongiform encephalitis", + "BSE", + "mad cow disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatal disease of cattle that affects the central nervous system; causes staggering and agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of pigs resulting in swelling of the snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camelpox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of camels closely related to smallpox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canine chorea", + "chorea" + ], + "it": [ + "corea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chorea in dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catarrhal fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several disease of livestock marked by fever and edema of the respiratory tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic wasting disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wildlife disease (akin to bovine spongiform encephalitis) that affects deer and elk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatal disease of freshwater fish caused by a flagellated protozoan invading the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowpox", + "vaccinia" + ], + "it": [ + "vaiolo bovino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of cattle causing a mild skin disease affecting the udder; formerly used to inoculate humans against smallpox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of cattle and sheep attributed to a dietary deficiency; characterized by anemia and softening of the bones and a slow stiff gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhagic septicemia", + "pasteurellosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute infectious disease characterized by pneumonia and blood infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fistulous withers", + "fistula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic inflammation of the withers of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowl cholera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute diarrheal disease (especially of chickens) caused by the microorganism that causes hemorrhagic septicemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowl pest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two acute viral diseases of domestic fowl; characterized by refusal to eat and high temperature and discoloration of the comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog cholera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly infectious virus disease of swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distemper" + ], + "it": [ + "cimurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various infectious viral diseases of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canine distemper" + ], + "it": [ + "cimurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of young dogs characterized by high fever and respiratory inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equine distemper", + "strangles" + ], + "it": [ + "cimurro", + "stranguglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute bacterial disease of horses characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterotoxemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of cattle and sheep that is attributed to toxins absorbed from the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot-and-mouth disease", + "hoof-and-mouth disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute contagious disease of cloven-footed animals marked by ulcers in the mouth and around the hoofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot rot" + ], + "it": [ + "zoppina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contagious degenerative infection of the feet of hoofed animals (especially cattle and sheep)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black disease", + "sheep rot", + "liver rot", + "distomatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the liver (especially in sheep and cattle) caused by liver flukes and their by-products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glanders" + ], + "it": [ + "moccio", + "morva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a destructive and contagious bacterial disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaves", + "broken wind" + ], + "it": [ + "bolsaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic emphysema of the horse that causes difficult expiration and heaving of the flanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyme disease", + "Lyme arthritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute inflammatory disease characterized by a rash with joint swelling and fever; caused by bacteria carried by the bite of a deer tick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marburg disease", + "Marburg hemorrhagic fever", + "green monkey disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease of green monkeys caused by the Marburg virus; when transmitted to humans it causes serious or fatal illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albuminuria", + "proteinuria" + ], + "it": [ + "albuminuria", + "proteinuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of excessive protein (chiefly albumin but also globulin) in the urine; usually a symptom of kidney disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aminoaciduria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal presence of amino acids in the urine; usually a symptom of metabolic defects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammoniuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive ammonia in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocyturia", + "haematocyturia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of red blood cells in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacquemier's sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purplish discoloration of the mucous membrane of the vagina that occurs early in pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kayser-Fleischer ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pigmented ring at the outer edge of the cornea of the eye; a symptom of Wilson's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratomalacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "softening and drying and ulceration of the cornea resulting from vitamin A deficiency; symptom of cystic fibrosis or sprue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kernig's sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptom of meningitis; patient cannot extend the leg at the knee when the thigh is flexed because of stiffness in the hamstrings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketonemia", + "ketosis", + "acetonemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal increase of ketone bodies in the blood as in diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koplik's spots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red spots with white centers found on the mucous membranes of the mouth and tongue; symptom of measles that appears one or two days before the measles rash appears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructosuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of levulose is the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucosuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of abnormally high levels of glucose in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycosuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of abnormally high levels of sugar in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of lymph in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in the number of monocytes in the blood; symptom of monocytic leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombocytosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in the number of platelets in the blood which tends to cause clots to form; associated with many neoplasms and chronic infections and other diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ochronosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accumulation of dark pigment in cartilage and other connective tissue; usually a symptom of alkaptonuria or phenol poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercalcemia", + "hypercalcaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or Paget's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocalcemia", + "hypocalcaemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low level of calcium in the blood; associated with hypoparathyroidism or kidney malfunction or vitamin D deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercalciuria", + "hypercalcinuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the urine; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or osteoporosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercholesterolemia", + "hypercholesteremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of an abnormal amount of cholesterol in the cells and plasma of the blood; associated with the risk of atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperkalemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "higher than normal levels of potassium in the circulating blood; associated with kidney failure or sometimes with the use of diuretic drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypokalemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low level of potassium in the circulating blood leading to weakness and heart abnormalities; associated with adrenal tumors or starvation or taking diuretics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kalemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of excess potassium in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaliuresis", + "kaluresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of excess potassium in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natriuresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of abnormally large amounts of sodium in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperlipoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various disorders of lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism that result in high levels of lipoprotein and cholesterol in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypolipoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various disorders of lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism that result in low levels of lipoprotein and cholesterol in the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoproteinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low level of protein in the blood; can indicate inadequate diet or intestinal or renal disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypernatremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive amounts of sodium in the blood; possibly indicating diabetes insipidus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyponatremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low level of sodium in the blood; associated with dehydration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersplenism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarged spleen and a decrease in one or more types of blood cells; associated with many disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketonuria", + "ketoaciduria", + "acetonuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabies", + "hydrophobia", + "lyssa", + "madness" + ], + "it": [ + "idrofobia", + "rabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal); rabies is fatal if the virus reaches the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of cattle; characterized by hematuria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinotracheitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a respiratory infection of the nose and throat in cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinderpest", + "cattle plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute infectious viral disease of cattle (usually fatal); characterized by fever and diarrhea and inflammation of mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diarrhea in livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrapie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping fever", + "shipping pneumonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deadly form of septicemia in cattle and sheep; involves high fever and pneumonia; contracted under conditions of exposure or exhaustion (as often happens when the animals are shipped to market)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spavin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swelling of the hock joint of a horse; resulting in lameness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood spavin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spavin caused by distension of the veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog spavin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spavin caused by collection of fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone spavin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spavin caused by a bony growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp fever", + "leptospirosis" + ], + "it": [ + "leptospirosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious disease cause by leptospira and transmitted to humans from domestic animals; characterized by jaundice and fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canicola fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute feverish disease in people and in dogs marked by gastroenteritis and mild jaundice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weil's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe form of leptospirosis in human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loco disease", + "locoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of livestock caused by locoweed poisoning; characterized by weakness and lack of coordination and trembling and partial paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looping ill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute viral disease of the nervous system in sheep; can be transmitted by Ixodes ricinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mange" + ], + "it": [ + "rogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent and contagious disease of the skin causing inflammation and itching and loss of hair; affects domestic animals (and sometimes people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon blindness", + "mooneye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurrent eye inflammation in horses; sometimes resulting in blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of domestic animals that resembles a plague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxomatosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viral disease (usually fatal) of rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newcastle disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of domestic fowl and other birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psittacosis", + "parrot disease" + ], + "it": [ + "psittacosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infectious disease of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullorum disease", + "bacillary white diarrhea", + "bacillary white diarrhoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious bacterial disease of young chickens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle sore", + "gall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open sore on the back of a horse caused by ill-fitting or badly adjusted saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fissure in the wall of a horse's hoof often causing lameness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crack on the forepart of a horse's hindfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crack on the inside of a horse's forefoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staggers", + "blind staggers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the central nervous system affecting especially horses and cattle; characterized by an unsteady swaying gait and frequent falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweating sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of cattle (especially calves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by the cattle tick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trembles", + "milk sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of livestock and especially cattle poisoned by eating certain kinds of snakeroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tularemia", + "tularaemia", + "rabbit fever", + "deer fly fever", + "yatobyo" + ], + "it": [ + "tularemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly infectious disease of rodents (especially rabbits and squirrels) and sometimes transmitted to humans by ticks or flies or by handling infected animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoonosis", + "zoonotic disease" + ], + "it": [ + "zoonosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant disease" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia delle piante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease that affects plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust" + ], + "it": [ + "ruggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant disease that produces a reddish-brown discoloration of leaves and stems; caused by various rust fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister rust", + "white-pine rust", + "white pine blister rust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several diseases of pines caused by rust fungi of the genus Cronartium and marked by destructive invasion of bark and sapwood and producing blisters externally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackheart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various diseases in which the central tissues blacken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of plum and cherry trees characterized by black excrescences on the branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungous disease causing darkening and decay of the leaves of fruits and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fungous diseases of plants that produce small black spots on the plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungous disease of lettuce that first rots lower leaves and spreads upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of certain fungous diseases of plants characterized by browning and decay of tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown rot gummosis", + "gummosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of citrus trees caused by the fungus Phytophthora citrophthora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gummosis" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma", + "gommosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathological production of gummy exudates in citrus and various stone-fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring rot", + "ring disease", + "tobacco wilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of tomatoes and potatoes and tobacco etc caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas solanacearum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungal disease of woody plants that causes localized damage to the bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungus disease of cranberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown gall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterial disease of plants (especially pome and stone fruits and grapes and roses) which forms excrescences on the stem near the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phase of crown gall (especially in apples) during which there is abnormal development of fine fibrous roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungous disease of alfalfa which forms white excrescences at the base of the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damping off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant disease caused by a fungus; diseased condition of seedlings in excessive moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dieback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of plants characterized by the gradual dying of the young shoots starting at the tips and progressing to the larger branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crumbling and drying of timber or bulbs or potatoes or fruit caused by a fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant disease in which the central part of a plant rots (especially in trees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of the leaves of potato plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant disease causing discoloration of the leaves of tobacco plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of a wide range of plants (tomatoes, potatoes, peas) resulting from a mixed infection of potato and tomato mosaic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizoctinia disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease caused by rhizoctinia or fungi of Pellicularia and Corticium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little potato", + "rosette", + "russet scab", + "stem canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizoctinia disease of potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious bark disease of many tropical crop trees (coffee, citrus, rubber); branches have a covering of pink hyphae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungous disease causing dark warty spongy excrescences in the eyes of potato tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i111999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease characterized by root decay; caused by various fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant disease that produces a browning or scorched appearance of plant tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf scorch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant disease causing a burned or scorched appearance of the foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet-potato ring rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of sweet potatoes in which roots are girdled by rings of dry rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerotium disease", + "sclerotium rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant disease cause by fungi of the genus Sclerotium; also one in which sclerotia are formed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch elm disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of elms caused by a fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant disease caused by the ergot fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant disease in which the stem or trunk rots at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granville wilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterial wilt of tobacco plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinkroot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fungal disease of onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilt", + "wilt disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant disease characterized by drooping and shriveling; usually caused by parasites attacking the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusarium wilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wilt caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verticilliosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wilt caused by fungi of the genus Verticillium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut" + ], + "it": [ + "carbone", + "golpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive diseases of plants (especially cereal grasses) caused by fungi that produce black powdery masses of spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of grains; the entire head is a dusty mass of spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunt", + "stinking smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smut affecting leaves and stems of cereals and other grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green smut", + "false smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disease of rice; grains covered by a green powder consisting of conidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushy or slimy decay of plants caused by bacteria or fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft watery rot in fruits and vegetables caused by fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several virus diseases of plants characterized by stunting and yellowing of the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow dwarf of potato", + "potato yellow dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yellow dwarf disease of potato plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion yellow dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yellow dwarf disease of onion plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fungous or viral diseases characterized by yellow spotting on the leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trauma", + "psychic trauma" + ], + "it": [ + "trauma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth trauma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional injury inflicted on an infant by events incident to birth that is alleged to appear in symbolic form in patients with mental illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injury", + "hurt", + "harm", + "trauma" + ], + "it": [ + "danno", + "lesione", + "male", + "trauma", + "ferita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw wound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wound that exposes subcutaneous tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmata" + ], + "it": [ + "stigmate", + "stimmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marks resembling the wounds on the crucified body of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrasion", + "scratch", + "scrape", + "excoriation" + ], + "it": [ + "abrasione", + "escoriazione", + "sbucciamento", + "scorticatura", + "spellamento", + "spellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graze" + ], + "it": [ + "abrasione", + "escoriazione", + "graffio", + "incisura", + "sbucciatura", + "scalfittura", + "sgraffio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superficial abrasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abrasion (usually on the hands) caused by friction from a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "gash", + "slash", + "slice" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione", + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wound made by cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laceration" + ], + "it": [ + "strappamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torn ragged wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite" + ], + "it": [ + "dentata", + "morsicata", + "morsicatura", + "morso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wound resulting from biting by an animal or a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bite inflicted by a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakebite" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "morso di serpente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bite inflicted by a (venomous) snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee sting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sting inflicted by a bee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flea bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sting inflicted by a flea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosquito bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sting inflicted by a mosquito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth trauma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical injury to an infant during the birth process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast trauma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury caused the explosion of a bomb (especially in enclosed spaces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleeding", + "hemorrhage", + "haemorrhage" + ], + "it": [ + "emorragia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhagic stroke", + "haemorrhagic stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stroke caused by the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunt trauma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury incurred when the human body hits or is hit by a large outside object (as a car)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruise", + "contusion" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaccata", + "ammaccamento", + "ammaccatura", + "battuta", + "botta", + "contusione", + "ecchimosi", + "livido", + "lividura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury that doesn't break the skin but results in some discoloration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecchymosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purple or black-and-blue area resulting from a bruise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute red or purple spot on the surface of the skin as the result of tiny hemorrhages of blood vessels in the skin (as in typhoid fever)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiner", + "black eye", + "mouse" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swollen bruise caused by a blow to the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bump" + ], + "it": [ + "bernoccolo", + "bitorzo", + "bitorzolo", + "botta", + "bozza", + "bozzo", + "gibbosità", + "gomitata", + "urto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lump on the body caused by a blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ], + "it": [ + "scottatura", + "ustione", + "bruciatura", + "scottamento", + "strinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury caused by exposure to heat or chemicals or radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burn caused by heat produced by an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch", + "singe" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciacchiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface burn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scald" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciatura", + "scottatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burn cause by hot liquid or steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of reduced excitement or anxiety that is induced by the administrative of a sedative agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburn", + "erythema solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redness of the skin caused by exposure to the rays of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tan", + "suntan", + "sunburn", + "burn" + ], + "it": [ + "abbronzamento", + "abbronzatura", + "tintarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windburn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redness and irritation of the skin caused by exposure to high-velocity wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperpigmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusual darkening of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypopigmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusual lack of skin color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-degree burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn causing redness of the skin surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-degree burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn causing blisters on the skin and superficial destruction of the dermis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third-degree burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn characterized by destruction of both epidermis and dermis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislocation" + ], + "it": [ + "lussazione", + "slogamento", + "slogatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a displacement of a part (especially a bone) from its normal position (as in the shoulder or the vertebral column)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trauma caused by the passage of electric current through the body (as from contact with high voltage lines or being struck by lightning); usually involves burns and abnormal heart rhythm and unconsciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "frattura", + "rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking of hard tissue such as bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comminuted fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break involving the entire width of the bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound fracture", + "open fracture" + ], + "it": [ + "frattura esposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone fracture associated with lacerated soft tissue or an open wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compression fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture in which the bone collapses (especially in short bones such as vertebrae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressed fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture of the skull where the bone is pushed in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displaced fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture in which the two ends of the broken bone are separated from one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue fracture", + "stress fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture resulting from excessive activity rather than a specific injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairline fracture", + "capillary fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fracture without separation of the fragments and the line of the break being very thin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenstick fracture" + ], + "it": [ + "incrinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partial fracture of a bone (usually in children); the bone is bent but broken on only one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incomplete fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture that does not go across the entire width of the bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impacted fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture in which one broken end is wedged into the other broken end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple fracture", + "closed fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncomplicated fracture in which the broken bones to not pierce the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abarticulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislocation of a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diastasis" + ], + "it": [ + "diastasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation of an epiphysis from the long bone to which it is normally attached without fracture of the bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spondylolisthesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one beneath it producing pressure on spinal nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frostbite", + "cryopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "congelamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destruction of tissue by freezing and characterized by tingling, blistering and possibly gangrene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravasation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entry of foreign matter into a blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrating trauma", + "penetrating injury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury incurred when an object (as a knife or bullet or shrapnel) penetrates into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury resulting from getting some body part squeezed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of being torn or burst open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hernia", + "herniation" + ], + "it": [ + "ernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rupture in smooth muscle tissue through which a bodily structure protrudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colpocele", + "vaginocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia projecting into the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverticulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herniation through the muscular wall of a tubular organ (especially the colon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meckel's diverticulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital diverticulum in the ileum resulting from incomplete closure of the yolk sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eventration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protrusion of the intestine through the abdominal wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exomphalos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an umbilical hernia at birth in which some abdominal organs push into the umbilical cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiatus hernia", + "hiatal hernia", + "diaphragmatic hernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia resulting from the protrusion of part of the stomach through the diaphragm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herniated disc", + "ruptured intervertebral disc", + "slipped disc" + ], + "it": [ + "ernia del disco", + "ernia al disco", + "ernia discale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful rupture of the fibrocartilage of the disc between spinal vertebrae; occurs most often in the lumbar region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inguinal hernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia in which a loop of intestine enters the inguinal canal; the most common type of hernia in males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystocele", + "colpocystocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes through the wall of the vagina; sometimes occurs after childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectocele", + "proctocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protrusion or herniation of the rectum into the vagina; can occur if pelvic muscles are weakened by childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia of the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laparocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hernia through the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbilical hernia", + "omphalocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protrusion of the intestine and omentum through a hernia in the abdominal wall near the navel; usually self correcting after birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disturbance of the normal sleep pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sting", + "bite", + "insect bite" + ], + "it": [ + "beccata", + "beccatura", + "morso", + "puntura di insetto", + "morsicatura di insetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful wound caused by the thrust of an insect's stinger into skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury to a muscle (often caused by overuse); results in swelling and pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having respiration stopped by compression of the air passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiplash", + "whiplash injury" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di frusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury to the neck (the cervical vertebrae) resulting from rapid acceleration or deceleration (as in an automobile accident)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wale", + "welt", + "weal", + "wheal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised mark on the skin (as produced by the blow of a whip); characteristic of many allergic reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wound", + "lesion" + ], + "it": [ + "ferita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrench", + "twist", + "pull" + ], + "it": [ + "stiramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprain" + ], + "it": [ + "distorsione", + "slogatura", + "stiramento", + "stiratura", + "storta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful injury to a joint caused by a sudden wrenching of its ligaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench foot", + "immersion foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resembling frostbite but without freezing; resulting from exposure to cold and wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symptom" + ], + "it": [ + "sintomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vital sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign of life; usually an indicator of a person's general physical condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amenorrhea", + "amenorrhoea", + "amenia" + ], + "it": [ + "amenorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aura" + ], + "it": [ + "aura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensation (as of a cold breeze or bright light) that precedes the onset of certain disorders such as a migraine attack or epileptic seizure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloasma", + "melasma", + "mask of pregnancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tan discoloration of a woman's face that is associated with pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clubbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which the ends of toes and fingers become wide and thick; a symptom of heart or lung disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanosis" + ], + "it": [ + "cianosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes; a sign that oxygen in the blood is dangerously diminished (as in carbon monoxide poisoning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diuresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increased secretion of urine; if not due to increased liquid intake or to the action of a diuretic drug it can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrocyanosis", + "Raynaud's sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cyanosis of the extremities; can occur when a spasm of the blood vessels is caused by exposure to cold or by strong emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary amenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delay of menarche beyond age 18" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary amenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cessation of menstruation in a woman who had previously menstruated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prodrome", + "prodroma" + ], + "it": [ + "prodromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early symptom that a disease is developing or that an attack is about to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical disc syndrome", + "cervical root syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition resulting from compression of spinal nerve roots in the neck region; involves neck pains and muscular weakness and paresthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese restaurant syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headache and tingling or burning feelings and sweating caused by eating food that contains monosodium glutamate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conn's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturbances in saltwater balance and symptoms of weakness and muscular cramps and twitching and convulsions and sometimes paralysis; usually caused by a benign tumor of the cortex of the adrenal gland that leads to excess secretion of aldosterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal alcohol syndrome", + "FAS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital medical condition in which body deformation occurs or facial development or mental ability is impaired because the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf War syndrome", + "Persian Gulf illness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical condition of uncertain origin that affected many veterans of the 1991 Gulf War; characterized by fatigue and headache and dizziness and nausea and rashes and joint pain and respiratory disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regional enteritis", + "regional ileitis", + "Crohn's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious chronic and progressive inflammation of the ileum producing frequent bouts of diarrhea with abdominal pain and nausea and fever and weight loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritable bowel syndrome", + "spastic colon", + "mucous colitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea (often alternating with periods of constipation); often associated with emotional stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klinefelter's syndrome", + "Klinefelter syndrome", + "XXY-syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome in males that is characterized by small testes and long legs and enlarged breasts and reduced sperm production and mental retardation; a genetic defect in which an extra X chromosome (XXY) is present in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulcerative colitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum characterized by recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and fever and chills and profuse diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malabsorption syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of symptoms including loss of appetite and bloating and weight loss and muscle pain and steatorrhea; associated with celiac disease and sprue and cystic fibrosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munchausen's syndrome", + "Munchausen syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome consisting of feigning acute and dramatic illness for which no clinical evidence is ever found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcolepsy" + ], + "it": [ + "narcolessia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrotic syndrome", + "nephrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noonan's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome seen only in males; marked by short stature and lowset ears and subnormal fertility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phantom limb syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome consisting of discomfort or pain in a limb that has been amputated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premenstrual syndrome", + "PMS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syndrome that occurs in many women from 2 to 14 days before the onset of menstruation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation sickness", + "radiation syndrome", + "radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramsay Hunt syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome resulting from infection by the herpes varicella zoster virus; characterized by vertigo and pain in the ears and facial nerve paralysis and sometimes hearing loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reiter's syndrome", + "Reiter's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammatory syndrome (etiology unknown) predominantly in males; characterized by arthritis and conjunctivitis and urethritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restless legs syndrome", + "restless legs", + "Ekbom syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling of uneasiness and restlessness in the legs after going to bed (sometimes causing insomnia); may be relieved temporarily by walking or moving the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reye's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquired encephalopathy following acute viral infections (especially influenza or chicken pox) in young children; characterized by fever, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and fatty infiltration of the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalenus syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discomfort and vascular symptoms and loss of sensation in a shoulder and arm; caused by a scalene muscle compressing the subclavian artery and part of the brachial plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonatal death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "death of a liveborn infant within the first 28 days of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudden infant death syndrome", + "SIDS", + "infant death", + "crib death", + "cot death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant during sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetany", + "tetanilla", + "intermittent tetanus", + "intermittent cramp", + "apyretic tetanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clinical neurological syndrome characterized by muscular twitching and cramps and (when severe) seizures; associated with calcium deficiency (hypoparathyroidism) or vitamin D deficiency or alkalosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic outlet syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tingling sensations in the fingers; caused by compression on a nerve supplying the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tietze's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome characterized by swelling of rib cartilage (causing pain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tourette's syndrome", + "Gilles de la Tourette syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neurological disorder characterized by facial grimaces and tics and movements of the upper body and grunts and shouts and coprolalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom caused by an illness or a drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftereffect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delayed effect of a drug or therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bummer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad reaction to a hallucinogenic drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy tongue", + "furry tongue", + "black tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign side effect of some antibiotics; dark overgrowth of the papillae of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side effect" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto collaterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscess" + ], + "it": [ + "apostema", + "ascesso", + "postema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptom consisting of a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscessed tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abscess of a common kind in the tissue around a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tip of an abscess (where the pus accumulates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purulence", + "purulency" + ], + "it": [ + "purulenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptom of being purulent (containing or forming pus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blister containing a nonpurulent clear watery content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blister containing blood or bloody serum usually caused by an injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exophthalmos" + ], + "it": [ + "esoftalmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protrusion of the eyeball from the socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntary shortening of stride and quickening of gait that occurs in some diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furlike coating of matter as on the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangrene", + "sphacelus", + "slough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "necrotic tissue; a mortified or gangrenous part or mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry gangrene", + "cold gangrene", + "mumification necrosis", + "mummification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas gangrene", + "clostridial myonecrosis", + "emphysematous gangrene", + "emphysematous phlegmon", + "gangrenous emphysema", + "gas phlegmon", + "progressive emphysematous necrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematuria", + "haematuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of blood in the urine; often a symptom of urinary tract disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoglobinuria", + "haemoglobinuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of hemoglobin in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemosiderosis", + "haemosiderosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal deposit of hemosiderin; often a symptom of thalassemia or hemochromatosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloudiness of the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneeze", + "sneezing", + "sternutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom consisting of the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlargement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swelling", + "puffiness", + "lump" + ], + "it": [ + "bitorzo", + "bitorzolo", + "bozza", + "bozzo", + "enfiagione", + "enfiatura", + "estumescenza", + "gavocciolo", + "gonfio", + "gonfiore", + "ingrossamento", + "ingrossatura", + "nascenza", + "protuberanza", + "rigonfiamento", + "rigonfiatura", + "ringrosso", + "tumefazione", + "tumorosità", + "turgidezza", + "turgore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the rumen or intestinal tract of domestic animals caused by excessive gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubo" + ], + "it": [ + "bubbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lymph node that is inflamed and swollen because of plague or gonorrhea or tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anasarca" + ], + "it": [ + "anasarca", + "idropisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edema of the mucous membrane of the eyeball and eyelid lining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papilledema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the optic disc (where the optic nerve enters the eyeball); usually associated with an increase in intraocular pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunion" + ], + "it": [ + "borsite dell'alluce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful swelling of the bursa of the first joint of the big toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition marked by uncontrollable tremor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of white blood cells in the urine; symptom of urinary tract infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edema", + "oedema", + "hydrops", + "dropsy" + ], + "it": [ + "edema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral edema", + "brain edema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the brain due to the uptake of water in the neuropile and white matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocele", + "haematocele", + "hematocoele", + "haematocoele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling caused by blood collecting in a body cavity (especially a swelling of the membrane covering the testis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocolpometra", + "haematocolpometra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of blood in the vagina and uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocolpos", + "haematocolpos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina (usually due to an imperforate hymen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intumescence", + "intumescency" + ], + "it": [ + "intumescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling up with blood or other fluids (as with congestion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridoncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the iris of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphogranuloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of a lymph node" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscheocele", + "oscheocoele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the scrotum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tumidity resulting from the presence of blood or other fluid in the tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumidity", + "tumidness" + ], + "it": [ + "tumescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slight swelling of an organ or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalhematoma", + "cephalohematoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of blood under the scalp of a newborn; caused by pressure during birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematoma", + "haematoma" + ], + "it": [ + "ematoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a localized swelling filled with blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proud flesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the swollen tissue around a healing wound or ulcer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbilirubinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally high amounts of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn", + "neonatal hyperbilirubinemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common disorder that is usually due to immaturity of the liver; usually subsides spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperglycemia", + "hyperglycaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "iperglicemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoglycemia", + "hypoglycaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "ipoglicemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaundice", + "icterus" + ], + "it": [ + "itterizia", + "ittero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaundice of the newborn", + "physiological jaundice of the newborn", + "icterus neonatorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowish appearance in newborn infants; usually subsides spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kernicterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal accumulation of bile pigment in the brain and other nerve tissue; causes yellow staining and tissue damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congestion" + ], + "it": [ + "congestione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive accumulation of blood or other fluid in a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrothorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest) often resulting from disease of the heart or kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemothorax", + "haemothorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperemia", + "hyperaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "iperemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increased blood in an organ or other body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engorgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congestion with blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary congestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congestion in the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of obstruction or stoppage or air in the nose or throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptom consisting of a breaking out and becoming visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enanthem", + "enanthema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eruption on a mucous membrane (as the inside of the mouth) occurring as a symptom of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exanthem", + "exanthema", + "skin eruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rash", + "roseola", + "efflorescence", + "skin rash" + ], + "it": [ + "eruzione", + "fioritura", + "sfogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any red eruption of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly heat", + "heat rash", + "miliaria" + ], + "it": [ + "calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruction of the sweat ducts during high heat and humidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urtication", + "urticaria", + "hives", + "nettle rash" + ], + "it": [ + "orticaria", + "urticaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins; usually the result of an allergic response to insect bites or food or drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numbness" + ], + "it": [ + "intorpidimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or total lack of sensation in a part of the body; a symptom of nerve damage or dysfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain", + "hurting" + ], + "it": [ + "dolore", + "male", + "bua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ache", + "aching" + ], + "it": [ + "dolenzia", + "indolenzimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull persistent (usually moderately intense) pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothache", + "odontalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ache localized in or around a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerodontalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the teeth that results from a change in air pressure (as in flying or mountain climbing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agony", + "suffering", + "excruciation" + ], + "it": [ + "sofferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of acute pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in a joint or joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe spasm of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paresthesia", + "paraesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal skin sensations (as tingling or tickling or itching or burning) usually associated with peripheral nerve damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hallucinated sensation that insects or snakes are crawling over the skin; a common side-effect of extensive use of cocaine or amphetamines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passion", + "Passion of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suffering of Jesus at the Crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ache localized in the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "burning" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain that feels hot as if it were on fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burning pain in a limb along the course of a peripheral nerve; usually associated with skin changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colic", + "intestinal colic", + "gripes", + "griping" + ], + "it": [ + "colica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute abdominal pain (especially in infants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest pain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pain in the hand that is not traumatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme physical pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysmenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful menstruation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary dysmenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful menstruation that is intrinsic to menstruation and not the result of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary dysmenorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful menstruation that is caused by some specific disorder (as endometriosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headache", + "head ache", + "cephalalgia" + ], + "it": [ + "mal di testa", + "emicrania", + "cefalea", + "cefalgia", + "cefalalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the head caused by dilation of cerebral arteries or muscle contractions or a reaction to drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossalgia", + "glossodynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growing pains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in muscles or joints sometimes experienced by children and often attributed to rapid growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhoid", + "haemorrhoid", + "piles" + ], + "it": [ + "emorroidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain caused by venous swelling at or inside the anal sphincter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomachache", + "stomach ache", + "bellyache", + "gastralgia" + ], + "it": [ + "gastralgia", + "mal di stomaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ache localized in the stomach or abdominal region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earache", + "otalgia" + ], + "it": [ + "otalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ache localized in the middle or inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histamine headache", + "cluster headache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful recurring headache associated with the release of histamine from cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migraine", + "megrim", + "sick headache", + "hemicrania" + ], + "it": [ + "emicrania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe recurring vascular headache; occurs more frequently in women than men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick headache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headache accompanied by nausea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinus headache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headache resulting from congestion or infection in the paranasal sinuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension headache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headache located at the back of the head; usually caused by body tension resulting from overwork or psychological stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbago", + "lumbar pain" + ], + "it": [ + "lombaggine", + "lombalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back; can be caused by muscle strain or arthritis or vascular insufficiency or a ruptured intervertebral disc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor pain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain and discomfort associated with contractions of the uterus during labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastalgia" + ], + "it": [ + "mastalgia", + "mastodinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melagra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rheumatic or myalgic pains in the arms or legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metralgia" + ], + "it": [ + "metralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myalgia", + "myodynia" + ], + "it": [ + "mialgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in a muscle or group of muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the kidney (usually felt in the loins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuralgia", + "neuralgy" + ], + "it": [ + "neuralgia", + "neurodinia", + "nevralgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute spasmodic pain along the course of one or more nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odynophagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe pain on swallowing due to a disorder of the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchidalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the testes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pang" + ], + "it": [ + "morso", + "spasimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp spasm of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pang", + "sting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental pain or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photalgia", + "photophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light (often associated with albinism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleurodynia", + "pleuralgia", + "costalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the muscles between the ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foot pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidemic pleurodynia", + "epidemic myalgia", + "myosis", + "diaphragmatic pleurisy", + "Bornholm disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute infectious disease occurring in epidemic form and featuring paroxysms of pain (usually in the chest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigeminal neuralgia", + "tic douloureux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense paroxysmal neuralgia along the trigeminal nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sciatica" + ], + "it": [ + "ischialgia", + "sciatalgia", + "sciatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neuralgia along the sciatic nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth pangs", + "labor pains", + "labour pains" + ], + "it": [ + "doglie", + "travaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regularly recurrent spasm of pain that is characteristic of childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterpains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pains felt by a woman after her baby is born; associated with contractions of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palilalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pathological condition in which a word is rapidly and involuntarily repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormality in which the fingers are webbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referred pain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain that is felt at a place in the body different from the injured or diseased part where the pain would be expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal colic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into the groin; associated with the passage of a renal calculus through the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smart", + "smarting", + "smartness" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciore", + "irritazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pain such as that caused by a wound or a burn or a sore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sting", + "stinging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pain; something as sudden and painful as being stung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp spasm of pain in the side resulting from running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebound tenderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain felt when a hand pressing on the abdomen is suddenly released; a symptom of peritoneal inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderness", + "soreness", + "rawness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pain that is felt (as when the area is touched)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermalgesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain caused by heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soreness and warmth caused by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep pulsating type of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torture", + "torment" + ], + "it": [ + "cilicio", + "strazio", + "supplizio", + "tortura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unbearable physical pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urodynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain during urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postnasal drip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic secretion of mucus from the rear of the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papule" + ], + "it": [ + "bollicina", + "papula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small inflamed elevation of skin that is nonsuppurative (as in chicken pox)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papulovesicle", + "vesicopapule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a papule that changes into a blister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pustule" + ], + "it": [ + "bottacciolo", + "pustola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small inflamed elevation of skin containing pus; a blister filled with pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimple", + "hickey", + "zit" + ], + "it": [ + "bruffolo", + "brufolo", + "pustola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small inflamed elevation of the skin; a pustule or papule; common symptom in acne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pustule in an eruptive disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiomegaly", + "megalocardia", + "megacardia", + "enlarged heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal enlargement of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart murmur", + "cardiac murmur", + "murmur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal sound of the heart; sometimes a sign of abnormal function of the heart valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systolic murmur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a murmur heard during systole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpitation" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiopalma", + "cardiopalmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid and irregular heart beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartburn", + "pyrosis" + ], + "it": [ + "acidità", + "bruciore di stomaco", + "pirosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful burning sensation in the chest caused by gastroesophageal reflux (backflow from the stomach irritating the esophagus); symptomatic of an ulcer or a diaphragmatic hernia or other disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroesophageal reflux", + "esophageal reflux", + "oesophageal reflux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatojugular reflux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venous reflux occurring in congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ureterorenal reflux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backflow of urine from the ureter into the renal pelvis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesicoureteral reflux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal backward flow of body fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot flash", + "flush" + ], + "it": [ + "caldana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden brief sensation of heat (associated with menopause and some mental disorders)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigestion", + "dyspepsia", + "stomach upset", + "upset stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "indigestione", + "cattiva digestione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of digestive function characterized by discomfort or heartburn or nausea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflammation", + "redness", + "rubor" + ], + "it": [ + "infiammazione", + "rossore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which no mucus in produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carditis" + ], + "it": [ + "cardite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocarditis" + ], + "it": [ + "endocardite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the endocardium and heart valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subacute bacterial endocarditis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic bacterial infection of the endocardium and heart valves; symptoms develop slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myocardial inflammation", + "myocarditis" + ], + "it": [ + "miocardite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the myocardium (the muscular tissue of the heart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancarditis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the entire heart (the epicardium and the myocardium and the endocardium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericarditis" + ], + "it": [ + "pericardite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the pericardium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catarrh" + ], + "it": [ + "catarro", + "scesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulitis" + ], + "it": [ + "cellulite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammation of body tissue (especially that below the skin) characterized by fever and swelling and redness and pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervicitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the uterine cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheilitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation and cracking of the skin of the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chill", + "shivering" + ], + "it": [ + "brivido", + "fremito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ague", + "chills and fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "successive stages of chills and fever that is a symptom of malaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malarial fever that recurs every fourth day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholangitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the bile ducts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholecystitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the gall bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorditis" + ], + "it": [ + "cordite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vocal cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorditis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the spermatic cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colitis", + "inflammatory bowel disease" + ], + "it": [ + "colite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colpitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colpocystitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vagina and bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunctivitis", + "pinkeye" + ], + "it": [ + "congiuntivite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corditis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the spermatic cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costochondritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation at the junction of a rib and its cartilage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacryocystitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the lacrimal sac causing obstruction of the tube draining tears into the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverticulitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a diverticulum in the digestive tract (especially the colon); characterized by painful abdominal cramping and fever and constipation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalitis", + "cephalitis", + "phrenitis" + ], + "it": [ + "encefalite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus; symptoms include headache and neck pain and drowsiness and nausea and fever (`phrenitis' is no longer in scientific use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalomyelitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endarteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the inner lining of an artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute hemorrhagic encephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encephalitis that resembles apoplexy due to blood extravasation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equine encephalitis", + "equine encephalomyelitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encephalitis caused by a virus that is transmitted by a mosquito from an infected horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes simplex encephalitis", + "herpes encephalitis", + "acute inclusion body encephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common form of acute encephalitis caused by herpes simplex 1; usually affects the temporal and frontal lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukoencephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the white matter of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningoencephalitis", + "cerebromeningitis", + "encephalomeningitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the brain and spinal cord and their meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panencephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diffuse inflammation of the entire brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping sickness", + "sleepy sickness", + "epidemic encephalitis", + "lethargic encephalitis", + "encephalitis lethargica" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia del sonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an encephalitis that was epidemic between 1915 and 1926; symptoms include paralysis of the extrinsic eye muscle and extreme muscular weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Nile encephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encephalitis caused by the West Nile virus; can be fatal in humans and horses and birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subacute sclerosing panencephalitis", + "SSPE", + "inclusion body encephalitis", + "subacute inclusion body encephalitis", + "sclerosing leukoencephalitis", + "subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis", + "Bosin's disease", + "Dawson's encephalitis", + "Van Bogaert encephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare chronic progressive encephalitis caused by the measles virus and occurring primarily in children and young adults; death usually occurs within three years; characterized by primary measles infection before the age of two years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubella panencephalitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare loss of mental and physical skills in adolescents; associated with the rubella virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocervicitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the mucous lining of the uterine cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteritis" + ], + "it": [ + "enterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the intestine (especially the small intestine); usually characterized by diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrotizing enteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enteritis characterized by bloody diarrhea and severe abdominal pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicondylitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful inflammation of the muscles and soft tissues around an epicondyle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epididymitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful inflammation of the epididymis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiglottitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the epiglottis; characterized by fever and a severe sore throat and difficulty in swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episcleritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the sclera of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophagitis", + "oesophagitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the esophagus; often caused by gastroesophageal reflux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of white fibrous tissues (especially muscle sheaths)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibromyositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "local inflammation of muscle and connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folliculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a hair follicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funiculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a funiculus (especially an inflammation of the spermatic cord)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastritis" + ], + "it": [ + "gastrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the lining of the stomach; nausea and loss of appetite and discomfort after eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute gastritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gastritis caused by ingesting an irritant (as too much aspirin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic gastritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent gastritis can be a symptom of a gastric ulcer or pernicious anemia or stomach cancer or other disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossitis" + ], + "it": [ + "glossite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute glossitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossitis resulting from injury or infection and characterized by swelling and pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic glossitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossitis with atrophy of tongue tissue; sometimes accompanies pernicious anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moeller's glossitis", + "glossodynia exfoliativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superficial form of glossitis marked by irregular red patches on the tongue and sensitivity to hot or spicy food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrarthrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation and swelling of a movable joint because of excess synovial fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the ileum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridocyclitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the iris and ciliary body of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridokeratitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the iris and cornea of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the iris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the jejunum of the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunoileitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the jejunum and the ileum of the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the cornea causing watery painful eyes and blurred vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoconjunctivitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoiritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the cornea and the iris of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoscleritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the cornea and sclera of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labyrinthitis", + "otitis interna" + ], + "it": [ + "labirintite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the inner ear; can cause vertigo and vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminitis", + "founder" + ], + "it": [ + "podoflemmatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngitis" + ], + "it": [ + "laringite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx; characterized by hoarseness or loss of voice and coughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngopharyngitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the larynx and pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngotracheobronchitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the larynx and trachea and bronchial passageways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptomeningitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the leptomeninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphadenitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of lymph nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphangitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a lymph vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastitis" + ], + "it": [ + "mastadenite", + "mastite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a breast (or udder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastoiditis" + ], + "it": [ + "mastoidite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the mastoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metritis", + "endometritis" + ], + "it": [ + "endometrite", + "metrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the lining of the uterus (of the endometrium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of a single limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelatelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any developmental defect of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelitis" + ], + "it": [ + "mielite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myositis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myometritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the myometrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichinosis", + "trichiniasis", + "myositis trichinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation by trichina larvae that are transmitted by eating inadequately cooked meat (especially pork); larvae migrate from the intestinal tract to the muscles where they become encysted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuritis" + ], + "it": [ + "neurite", + "nevrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a nerve accompanied by pain and sometimes loss of function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oophoritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of one or both ovaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchitis" + ], + "it": [ + "orchite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of one or both testes; characterized by pain and swelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmoplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of the motor nerves of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteitis" + ], + "it": [ + "osteite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a bone as a consequence of infection or trauma or degeneration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteomyelitis" + ], + "it": [ + "osteomielite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammation of bone and bone marrow (usually caused by bacterial infection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otitis" + ], + "it": [ + "otite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otitis externa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the external ear (including auricle and ear canal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otitis media" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the middle ear; common in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovaritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the ovaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge from the external ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozena", + "ozaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic disease of the nose characterized by a foul-smelling nasal discharge and atrophy of nasal structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatitis" + ], + "it": [ + "pancreatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the pancreas; usually marked by abdominal pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parametritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of connective tissue adjacent to the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parotitis" + ], + "it": [ + "parotite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of one or both parotid glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peritonitis", + "peritoneal inflammation" + ], + "it": [ + "peritonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the peritoneum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalangitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a finger or toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlebitis" + ], + "it": [ + "flebite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a vein (usually in the legs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlebothrombosis", + "venous thrombosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrombosis of a vein without prior inflammation of the vein; associated with sluggish blood flow (as in prolonged bedrest or pregnancy or surgery) or with rapid coagulation of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyneuritis", + "multiple neuritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of many or all of the peripheral nerves (as in leprosy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrobulbar neuritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the optic nerve behind the eye; common in multiple sclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guillain-Barre syndrome", + "infectious polyneuritis", + "Landry's paralysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of peripheral polyneuritis characterized by pain and weakness and sometimes paralysis of the limbs; cause is unknown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombophlebitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phlebitis in conjunction with the formation of a blood clot (thrombus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumonitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the lungs; caused by a virus or an allergic reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the foreskin of the penis; usually caused by bacterial infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the rectum; marked by bloody stools and a frequent urge to defecate; frequently associated with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostatitis" + ], + "it": [ + "prostatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the prostate gland characterized by perineal pain and irregular urination and (if severe) chills and fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rachitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the radicle of a nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorioretinitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the choroid layer behind the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinitis", + "coryza" + ], + "it": [ + "coriza", + "corizza", + "rinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinusitis" + ], + "it": [ + "sinusite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of one of the paranasal sinuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pansinusitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of all of the paranasal sinuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salpingitis" + ], + "it": [ + "salpingite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a Fallopian tube (usually the result of infection spreading from the vagina or uterus) or of a Eustachian tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scleritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the sclera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sialadenitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the salivary glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splenitis" + ], + "it": [ + "splenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the spleen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spondylitis" + ], + "it": [ + "spondilite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a spinal joint; characterized by pain and stiffness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomatitis" + ], + "it": [ + "stomatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesicular stomatitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease of horses, cattle, swine, and occasionally human beings; caused by the vesiculovirus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synovitis" + ], + "it": [ + "sinovite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines a synovial joint; results in pain and swelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarsitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the eyelid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendinitis", + "tendonitis", + "tenonitis" + ], + "it": [ + "tendinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a tendon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis elbow", + "lateral epicondylitis", + "lateral humeral epicondylitis" + ], + "it": [ + "gomito del tennista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful inflammation of the tendon at the outer border of the elbow resulting from overuse of lower arm muscles (as in twisting of the hand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenosynovitis", + "tendosynovitis", + "tendonous synovitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a tendon and its enveloping sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroiditis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsillitis" + ], + "it": [ + "amigdalite", + "angina", + "tonsillite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the tonsils (especially the palatine tonsils)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracheitis" + ], + "it": [ + "tracheite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the trachea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracheobronchitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common respiratory infection characterized by inflammation of the trachea and the bronchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ureteritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uveitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the uvea of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uvulitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the uvula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaccinia", + "vaccina", + "variola vaccine", + "variola vaccinia", + "variola vaccina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local infection induced in humans by inoculation with the virus causing cowpox in order to confer resistance to smallpox; normally lasts three weeks and leaves a pitted scar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaginitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vagina (usually associated with candidiasis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valvulitis" + ], + "it": [ + "valvulite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a valve (especially of a cardiac valve as a consequence of rheumatic fever)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasovesiculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles; usually occurring with prostatitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesiculitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of a seminal vesicle (usually in conjunction with prostatitis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulvitis" + ], + "it": [ + "vulvite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vulva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulvovaginitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the vulva and the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cough", + "coughing" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di tosse", + "tosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden noisy expulsion of air from the lungs that clears the air passages; a common symptom of upper respiratory infection or bronchitis or pneumonia or tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiccup", + "hiccough", + "singultus" + ], + "it": [ + "singulto", + "stranguglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the state of having reflex spasms of the diaphragm accompanied by a rapid closure of the glottis producing an audible sound; sometimes a symptom of indigestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symptoms that mimic those of meningitis but without inflammation of the meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nausea", + "sickness" + ], + "it": [ + "nausea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state that precedes vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning sickness" + ], + "it": [ + "nausee mattutine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nausea early in the day; a characteristic symptom in the early months of pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queasiness", + "squeamishness", + "qualm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild state of nausea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spasm", + "cramp", + "muscle spasm" + ], + "it": [ + "crampo", + "spasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful and involuntary muscular contraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charley horse", + "charley-horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscular cramp (especially in the thigh or calf) following vigorous exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writer's cramp", + "graphospasm" + ], + "it": [ + "cheirospasmo", + "chirospasmo", + "crampo dello scrivano", + "grafospasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular spasms of thumb and forefinger while writing with a pen or pencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blepharospasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spasm of the eyelid muscle resulting in closure of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crick", + "kink", + "rick", + "wrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful muscle spasm especially in the neck or back (`rick' and `wrick' are British)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myoclonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clonic spasm of a muscle or muscle group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opisthotonos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe spasm in which the back arches and the head bends back and heels flex toward the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twitch", + "twitching", + "vellication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden muscle spasm; especially one caused by a nervous condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tic" + ], + "it": [ + "tic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local and habitual twitching especially in the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blepharism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which a person blinks continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrillation" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrillazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular twitching involving individual muscle fibers acting without coordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrial fibrillation" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrillazione atriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrillation of the muscles of the atria of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bradycardia" + ], + "it": [ + "brachicardia", + "bradicardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally slow heartbeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart block", + "Adams-Stokes syndrome", + "Stokes-Adams syndrome", + "atrioventricular block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurrent sudden attacks of unconsciousness caused by impaired conduction of the impulse that regulates the heartbeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premature ventricular contraction", + "PVC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irregularity of cardiac rhythm; recurrent occurrences can be a precursor of ventricular fibrillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachycardia" + ], + "it": [ + "palpitazione", + "palpitazioni", + "tachicardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally rapid heartbeat (over 100 beats per minute)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventricular fibrillation" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrillazione ventricolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrillation of heart muscles resulting in interference with rhythmic contractions of the ventricles and possibly leading to cardiac arrest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasciculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular twitching of contiguous groups of muscle fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scar", + "cicatrix", + "cicatrice" + ], + "it": [ + "cicatrice", + "sfregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bony tissue formed during the healing of a fractured bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keloid", + "cheloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raised pinkish scar tissue at the site of an injury; results from excessive tissue repair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pockmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scar or pit on the skin that is left by a pustule of smallpox or acne or other eruptive disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword-cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scar from a cut made by a sword" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaccination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scar left following inoculation with a vaccine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardening" + ], + "it": [ + "callosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal hardening or thickening of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callosity", + "callus" + ], + "it": [ + "callo", + "durone", + "incallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of skin that is thick or hard from continual pressure or friction (as the sole of the foot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn", + "clavus" + ], + "it": [ + "callo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard thickening of the skin (especially on the top or sides of the toes) caused by the pressure of ill-fitting shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcification" + ], + "it": [ + "calcificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue hardened by deposition of lime salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musca volitans", + "muscae volitantes", + "floater", + "spots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spots before the eyes caused by opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor and lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever", + "febrility", + "febricity", + "pyrexia", + "feverishness" + ], + "it": [ + "febbrone", + "febbre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rise in the temperature of the body; frequently a symptom of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperpyrexia" + ], + "it": [ + "iperpiressia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely high fever (especially in children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrophy", + "wasting", + "wasting away" + ], + "it": [ + "atrofia", + "deperimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysplasia" + ], + "it": [ + "displasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrous dysplasia of bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disturbance in which bone that is undergoing lysis is replaced by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue resulting in bone lesions or skin lesions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albright's disease", + "polyostotic fibrous dysplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrous dysplasia of bone affecting multiple bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monostotic fibrous dysplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrous dysplasia of bone confined to a single bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertrophy" + ], + "it": [ + "ipertrofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal enlargement of a body part or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenomegaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gland enlargement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cor pulmonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to disease of the lungs or of the pulmonary blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dactylomegaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally large fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephantiasis" + ], + "it": [ + "elefantiasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypertrophy of certain body parts (usually legs and scrotum); the end state of the disease filariasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephantiasis neuromatosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypertrophy of a limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephantiasis scroti", + "chyloderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swelling of the scrotum resulting from chronic lymphatic obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nevoid elephantiasis", + "pachyderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thickening of the skin (usually unilateral on an extremity) caused by congenital enlargement of lymph vessel and lymph vessel obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filariasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disease caused by nematodes in the blood or tissues of the body causing blockage of lymphatic vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splenomegaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal enlargement of the spleen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giantism", + "gigantism", + "overgrowth" + ], + "it": [ + "acromegalia", + "gigantismo", + "macrosomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive size; usually caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acromegaly", + "acromegalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlargement of bones of hands and feet and face; often accompanied by headache and muscle pain and emotional disturbances; caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland (due to a tumor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperplasia" + ], + "it": [ + "iperplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal increase in number of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benign prostatic hyperplasia", + "BPH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarged prostate; appears to be part of the natural aging process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underdevelopment of an organ because of a decrease in the number of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of structural differentiation within a cell or group of cells often with increased capacity for multiplication, as in a malignant tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apnea" + ], + "it": [ + "apnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transient cessation of respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic apnea of the newborn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irregular breathing of newborns; periods of rapid breathing followed by apnea; believed to be associated with sudden infant death syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyspnea", + "dyspnoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difficult or labored respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthopnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of dyspnea in which the person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect; associated with asthma and emphysema and angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness of breath", + "SOB", + "breathlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dyspneic condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep apnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apnea that occurs during sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral hemorrhage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleeding from a ruptured blood vessel in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood extravasation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leakage of blood from a vessel into tissues surrounding it; can occur in injuries or burns or allergic reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyphema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleeding into the interior chamber of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrorrhagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleeding from the uterus that is not due to menstruation; usually indicative of disease (as cervical cancer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosebleed", + "epistaxis" + ], + "it": [ + "epistassi", + "rinorragia", + "sangue al naso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleeding from the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulemorrhagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleeding of the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constipation", + "irregularity" + ], + "it": [ + "costipamento", + "costipazione", + "stipsi", + "stitichezza", + "fecaloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels; can be a symptom of intestinal obstruction or diverticulitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyschezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difficulty in defecating (usually as a consequence of long continued voluntary suppression of the urge to defecate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecal impaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of hardened feces in the rectum or lower colon which the person cannot move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstipation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe constipation resulting from an obstruction in the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diarrhea", + "diarrhoea", + "looseness of the bowels", + "looseness" + ], + "it": [ + "cacaiola", + "cacarella", + "cacherella", + "diarrea", + "sciolta", + "squacquera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequent and watery bowel movements; can be a symptom of infection or food poisoning or colitis or a gastrointestinal tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the shits", + "the trots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscene terms for diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montezuma's revenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diarrhea contracted in Mexico or Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dizziness", + "giddiness", + "lightheadedness", + "vertigo" + ], + "it": [ + "capogiro", + "giracapo", + "giramento", + "giramento di testa", + "vertigine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reeling sensation; a feeling that you are about to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemia", + "anaemia" + ], + "it": [ + "anemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeziness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of abnormal high-pitched sound heard with a stethoscope when an airway is blocked (as in asthma or chronic bronchitis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal symptom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any physical or psychological disturbance (as sweating or depression) experienced by a drug addict when deprived of the drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombus" + ], + "it": [ + "trombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to its place of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embolus" + ], + "it": [ + "embolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal particle (e.g. an air bubble or part of a clot) circulating in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychological state", + "psychological condition", + "mental state", + "mental condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a mental condition in which the qualities of a state are relatively constant even though the state itself may be dynamic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morale" + ], + "it": [ + "morale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of individual psychological well-being based upon a sense of confidence and usefulness and purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety", + "anxiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ansia", + "ansietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castration anxiety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) anxiety resulting from real or imagined threats to your sexual functions; originally applied only to men but can in principle apply to women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochondria", + "hypochondriasis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipocondria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic and abnormal anxiety about imaginary symptoms and ailments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overanxiety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallucinosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental state in which the person has continual hallucinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity crisis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about one's self and one's role in society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervousness", + "nerves" + ], + "it": [ + "nervosismo", + "nervosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uneasy psychological state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitters", + "heebie-jeebies", + "screaming meemies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme nervousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain", + "mental strain", + "nervous strain" + ], + "it": [ + "logorio", + "surmenage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) nervousness resulting from mental stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension", + "tenseness", + "stress" + ], + "it": [ + "stress", + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nervous tension that causes an athlete to fail (especially causes golfers to miss short putts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaking point" + ], + "it": [ + "limite di sopportazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) stress at which a person breaks down or a situation becomes crucial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusion", + "psychotic belief" + ], + "it": [ + "mania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an erroneous belief that is held in the face of evidence to the contrary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusions of grandeur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delusion (common in paranoia) that you are much greater and more powerful and influential than you really are" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusions of persecution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delusion (common in paranoia) that others are out to get you and frustrate and embarrass you or inflict suffering on you; a complicated conspiracy is frequently imagined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallucination" + ], + "it": [ + "allucinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illusory perception; a common symptom of severe mental disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory hallucination", + "acousma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illusory auditory perception of strange nonverbal sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatism" + ], + "it": [ + "cromatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hallucinatory perception of colored lights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink elephants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any visual hallucination arising from heavy drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudohallucination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image vivid enough to be a hallucination but recognized as unreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggio", + "sballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hallucinatory experience induced by drugs" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto allucinatorio prodotto dall’assunzione di sostanze stupefacenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual hallucination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illusory visual perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual hallucination of animals; sometimes occurring in delirium tremens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihilistic delusion", + "nihilism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delusion that things (or everything, including the self) do not exist; a sense that everything is unreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somatic delusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delusion concerning the body image or parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoanthropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delusion that you have assumed the form of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental health" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental soundness", + "mental balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the healthy psychological state of someone with good judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanity", + "saneness" + ], + "it": [ + "sanità mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal or sound powers of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lucidity" + ], + "it": [ + "lucidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lucid state of mind; not confused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationality", + "reason", + "reasonableness" + ], + "it": [ + "ragionevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having good sense and sound judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental illness", + "mental disease", + "psychopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease of the mind; the psychological state of someone who has emotional or behavioral problems serious enough to require psychiatric intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cover term for a variety of mental disorders in which severe anxiety is a salient symptom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalized anxiety disorder", + "GAD", + "anxiety reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxiety disorder characterized by chronic free-floating anxiety and such symptoms as tension or sweating or trembling or lightheadedness or irritability etc that has lasted for more than six months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsessive-compulsive disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts and feelings and repetitive, ritualized behaviors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxiety disorder characterized by unpredictable panic attacks; the attacks are usually severe but brief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phobia", + "phobic disorder", + "phobic neurosis" + ], + "it": [ + "fobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acarophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of small insects and mites and worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agoraphobia" + ], + "it": [ + "agorafobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of open spaces (as fear of being caught alone in some public place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androphobia" + ], + "it": [ + "androfobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arachnophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple phobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any phobia (other than agoraphobia) associated with relatively simple well-defined stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of great heights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquaphobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of drowning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astraphobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of thunder and lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automysophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of being dirty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claustrophobia" + ], + "it": [ + "claustrofobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of being closed in a confined space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyberphobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irrational fear of computers or technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom of rabies in humans consisting of an aversion to swallowing liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of falling asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mysophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of dirt or contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of novelty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nyctophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of night or darkness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phobophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of developing a phobia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonophobia", + "acousticophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of sounds including your own voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taphephobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of being buried alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thanatophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triskaidekaphobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of the number 13" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoophobia" + ], + "it": [ + "zoofobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ailurophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entomophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social phobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any phobia (other than agoraphobia) associated with situations in which you are subject to criticism by others (as fear of eating in public or public speaking etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satanophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal fear of Satan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school phobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's sudden fear of attending school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traumatophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morbid fear of battle or physical injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xenophobia" + ], + "it": [ + "senofobia", + "xenofobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fear of foreigners or strangers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posttraumatic stress disorder", + "PTSD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxiety disorder associated with serious traumatic events and characterized by such symptoms as survivor guilt, reliving the trauma in dreams, numbness and lack of involvement with reality, or recurrent thoughts and images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychosomatic disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental disorder that causes somatic symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberration" + ], + "it": [ + "aberrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder in one's mental state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion disorder", + "conversion reaction", + "conversion hysteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental disorder characterized by the conversion of mental conflict into somatic forms (into paralysis or anesthesia having no apparent cause)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glove anesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental disorder involving loss of sensitivity in the hand and wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delirium" + ], + "it": [ + "delirio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually brief state of excitement and mental confusion often accompanied by hallucinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusional disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mental disorder in which delusions play a significant role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encopresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntary defecation not attributable to physical defects or illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folie a deux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simultaneous occurrence of symptoms of a mental disorder (as delusions) in two persons who are closely related (as siblings or man and wife)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personality disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflexible and maladaptive patterns of behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maladjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "disadattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being unable to adapt properly to your environment with resulting emotional instability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antisocial personality disorder", + "sociopathic personality", + "psychopathic personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personality disorder characterized by amorality and lack of affect; capable of violent acts without guilt feelings (`psychopathic personality' was once widely used but was superseded by `sociopathic personality' to indicate the social aspects of the disorder, but now `antisocial personality disorder' is the preferred term)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle fatigue", + "combat fatigue", + "combat neurosis", + "shell shock" + ], + "it": [ + "psicosi traumatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental disorder caused by stress of active warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizotypal personality", + "schizoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by symptoms similar to but less severe than schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affective disorder", + "major affective disorder", + "emotional disorder", + "emotional disturbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressive disorder", + "clinical depression", + "depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of depression and anhedonia so severe as to require clinical intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitated depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of clinical depression in which the person exhibits irritability and restlessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaclitic depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe and progressive depression in infants who lose their mother and do not get a suitable substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysthymia", + "dysthymic depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild chronic depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endogenous depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of depression for which there is no apparent precipitating cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exogenous depression", + "reactive depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inappropriate state of depression that is precipitated by events in the person's life (to be distinguished from normal grief)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major depressive episode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a state of depression with all the classic symptoms (anhedonia and lethargy and sleep disturbance and despondency and morbid thoughts and feelings of worthlessness and sometimes attempted suicide) but with no known organic dysfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involutional depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major depressive episode associated with the climacteric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurotic depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term used for any state of depression that is not psychotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotic depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of depression so severe that the person loses contact with reality and suffers a variety of functional impairments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retarded depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of clinical depression in which the individual is lethargic and slow to initiate action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unipolar depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major depressive episode that occurs without the manic phase that occurs in the classic form of bipolar disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mania", + "manic disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "mania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood disorder; an affective disorder in which the victim tends to respond excessively and sometimes violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craze", + "delirium", + "frenzy", + "fury", + "hysteria" + ], + "it": [ + "delirio", + "frenesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of violent mental agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass hysteria", + "epidemic hysertia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which a large group of people exhibit the same state of violent mental agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalomania" + ], + "it": [ + "mania di grandezza", + "megalomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychological state characterized by delusions of grandeur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melancholia" + ], + "it": [ + "malinconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme depression characterized by tearful sadness and irrational fears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bipolar disorder", + "manic depression", + "manic depressive illness", + "manic-depressive psychosis" + ], + "it": [ + "psicosi maniaco-depressiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental disorder characterized by episodes of mania and depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclothymia", + "cyclothymic disorder", + "cyclic disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclotimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild bipolar disorder that persists over a long time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizothymia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resembling schizophrenia but remaining within the bounds of normality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurosis", + "neuroticism", + "psychoneurosis" + ], + "it": [ + "neurosi", + "nevrosi", + "psiconeurosi", + "psiconevrosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental or personality disturbance not attributable to any known neurological or organic dysfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteria", + "hysterical neurosis" + ], + "it": [ + "isteria", + "isterismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neurotic disorder characterized by violent emotional outbreaks and disturbances of sensory and motor functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety hysteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of hysteria having features of both conversion disorder and anxiety neurosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysterocatalepsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hysteria with cataleptic symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety neurosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by diffuse anxiety and often somatic manifestations of fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depersonalization", + "depersonalisation", + "depersonalization disorder", + "depersonalisation disorder", + "depersonalization neurosis", + "depersonalisation neurosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional dissociative disorder in which there is loss of contact with your own personal reality accompanied by feelings of unreality and strangeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugue", + "psychogenic fugue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissociative disorder in which a person forgets who they are and leaves home to creates a new life; during the fugue there is no memory of the former life; after recovering there is no memory for events during the dissociative state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split personality", + "multiple personality" + ], + "it": [ + "sdoppiamento della personalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively rare dissociative disorder in which the usual integrity of the personality breaks down and two or more independent personalities emerge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insanity" + ], + "it": [ + "demenza", + "infermità mentale", + "insania", + "pazzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively permanent disorder of the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunacy", + "madness", + "insaneness" + ], + "it": [ + "demenza", + "follia", + "pazzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obsolete terms for legal insanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dementia", + "dementedness" + ], + "it": [ + "demenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental deterioration of organic or functional origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholic dementia", + "alcohol amnestic disorder", + "Korsakoff's psychosis", + "Korsakoff's syndrome", + "Korsakov's psychosis", + "Korsakov's syndrome", + "polyneuritic psychosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dementia observed during the last stages of severe chronic alcoholism; involves loss of memory for recent events although long term memory is intact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presenile dementia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dementia with onset before the age of 65" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alzheimer's disease", + "Alzheimer's", + "Alzheimers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive form of presenile dementia that is similar to senile dementia except that it usually starts in the 40s or 50s; first symptoms are impaired memory which is followed by impaired thought and speech and finally complete helplessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pick's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive form of presenile dementia found most often in middle-aged and elderly women and characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes with loss of intellectual ability and transitory aphasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senile dementia", + "senile psychosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dementia of the aged; results from degeneration of the brain in the absence of cerebrovascular disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease or malformation of the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinophyma", + "hypertrophic rosacea", + "toper's nose", + "brandy nose", + "rum nose", + "rum-blossom", + "potato nose", + "hammer nose", + "copper nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlargement of the nose with dilation of follicles and redness and prominent vascularity of the skin; often associated with excessive consumption of alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wernicke's encephalopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammatory degenerative disease of the brain caused by thiamine deficiency that is usually associated with alcoholism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrationality", + "unreason" + ], + "it": [ + "irragionevolezza", + "irrazionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being irrational; lacking powers of understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derangement", + "mental unsoundness", + "unbalance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mental disturbance and disorientation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craziness", + "daftness", + "flakiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for insanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychosis" + ], + "it": [ + "psicosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any severe mental disorder in which contact with reality is lost or highly distorted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delirium tremens", + "DTs" + ], + "it": [ + "delirium tremens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acute delirium caused by alcohol poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paranoia" + ], + "it": [ + "paranoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychological disorder characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizophrenia", + "schizophrenic disorder", + "schizophrenic psychosis", + "dementia praecox" + ], + "it": [ + "schizofrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borderline schizophrenia", + "latent schizophrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "schizophrenia characterized by mild symptoms or by some preexisting tendency to schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catatonic schizophrenia", + "catatonic type schizophrenia", + "catatonia" + ], + "it": [ + "catatonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of schizophrenia characterized by a tendency to remain in a fixed stuporous state for long periods; the catatonia may give way to short periods of extreme excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hebephrenia", + "hebephrenic schizophrenia", + "disorganized schizophrenia", + "disorganized type schizophrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of schizophrenia characterized by severe disintegration of personality including erratic speech and childish mannerisms and bizarre behavior; usually becomes evident during puberty; the most common diagnostic category in mental institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paranoid schizophrenia", + "paranoic type schizophrenia", + "paraphrenic schizophrenia", + "paraphrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of schizophrenia characterized by delusions (of persecution or grandeur or jealousy); symptoms may include anger and anxiety and aloofness and doubts about gender identity; unlike other types of schizophrenia the patients are usually presentable and (if delusions are not acted on) may function in an apparently normal manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute schizophrenic episode", + "reactive schizophrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "schizophrenia of abrupt onset and relatively short duration (a few weeks or months)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphonia", + "voicelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "afonia", + "raucedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of the vocal organs that results in the loss of voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech disorder", + "speech defect", + "defect of speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorder of oral speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprue", + "tropical sprue", + "psilosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adults; nutrients are not absorbed; symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaccid bladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a urinary bladder disorder resulting from interruption of the reflex arc normally associated with voiding urine; absence of bladder sensation and over-filling of the bladder and inability to urinate voluntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurogenic bladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a urinary bladder disorder caused by a lesion in the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spastic bladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a urinary bladder disorder resulting from spinal cord lesion or multiple sclerosis or trauma; absence of bladder sensation and incontinence and interrupted voiding of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataphasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech disorder in which the same word is repeated several times in succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysarthria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impaired articulatory ability resulting from defects in the peripheral motor nerves or in the speech musculature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyslogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impaired ability to express ideas verbally; usually resulting from difficulties of reasoning (as in feeblemindedness or certain psychoses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysphonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speech disorder attributable to a disorder of phonation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lallation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defective articulation of the `l' phoneme or the phoneme `r' is pronounced as `l'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambdacism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speech defect involving excessive use or unusual pronunciation of the phoneme `l'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech defect that involves pronouncing `s' like voiceless `th' and `z' like voiced `th'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stammer", + "stutter" + ], + "it": [ + "balbettamento", + "balbuzie", + "barbugliamento", + "psellismo", + "tartagliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech disorder involving hesitations and involuntary repetitions of certain sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitation" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "turbamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturbance", + "perturbation", + "upset" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unhappy and worried mental state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret", + "stew", + "sweat", + "lather", + "swither" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agitation resulting from active worry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dither", + "pother", + "fuss", + "tizzy", + "flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excited state of agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailspin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of emotional control often resulting in emotional collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression" + ], + "it": [ + "depressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blues", + "blue devils", + "megrims", + "vapors", + "vapours" + ], + "it": [ + "depressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funk", + "blue funk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of nervous depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melancholy" + ], + "it": [ + "malinconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional tendency to be gloomy and depressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough of despond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formal) extreme depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low spirits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mild depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumps", + "mopes" + ], + "it": [ + "paturne", + "paturnie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal expression for a mildly depressed state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elation" + ], + "it": [ + "euforia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhilarating psychological state of pride and optimism; an absence of depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high" + ], + "it": [ + "buon umore", + "buonumore", + "euforia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of sustained elation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold sweat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical condition of concurrent perspiration and chill; associated with fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic", + "scare" + ], + "it": [ + "panico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden mass fear and anxiety over anticipated events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red scare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of general fear of communists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit", + "tantrum", + "scene", + "conniption" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso", + "bizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display of bad temper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areflexia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of a reflex; a sign of possible nerve damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritation", + "annoyance", + "vexation", + "botheration" + ], + "it": [ + "dispetto", + "esasperazione", + "fastidio", + "irritazione", + "molestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bummer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experience that is irritating or frustrating or disappointing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huff", + "miff", + "seeing red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of irritation or annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinprick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restlessness", + "impatience" + ], + "it": [ + "impazienza", + "insofferenza", + "irrequietezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of agitated irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchantment", + "spell", + "trance" + ], + "it": [ + "incantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychological state induced by (or as if induced by) a magical incantation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being controlled by passion or the supernatural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascination", + "captivation" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaliamento", + "malia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being intensely interested (as by awe or terror)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difficulty" + ], + "it": [ + "difficoltà", + "intoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition or state of affairs almost beyond one's ability to deal with and requiring great effort to bear or overcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicament", + "quandary", + "plight" + ], + "it": [ + "frangente", + "impaccio", + "situazione difficile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation from which extrication is difficult especially an unpleasant or trying one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner", + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predicament from which a skillful or graceful escape is impossible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dangerous or distressing predicament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult entangling situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful or straitened circumstance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix", + "hole", + "jam", + "mess", + "muddle", + "pickle", + "kettle of fish" + ], + "it": [ + "guaio", + "imbroglio", + "impiccio", + "pasticcio", + "scombussolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a difficult situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog's breakfast", + "dog's dinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor job; a mess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard time", + "rough sledding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficulty that can be overcome with effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress", + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "sforzo", + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficulty or embarrassment that is hard to extricate yourself from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "problem", + "job" + ], + "it": [ + "problema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race problem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social and political problem caused by conflict between races occupying the same or adjacent regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance-of-payments problem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic problem caused by payments for imports being greater than receipts for exports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex or critical or unusual difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quicksand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treacherous situation that tends to entrap and destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a current state of general acceptance and use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition", + "acknowledgment", + "acknowledgement" + ], + "it": [ + "riconoscimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approval", + "favorable reception", + "favourable reception" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione", + "benestare", + "gradimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptance as satisfactory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal British abbreviation of approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptation" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptance as true or valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contentedness", + "content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being contented with your situation in life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquiescence" + ], + "it": [ + "acquiescenza", + "arrendevolezza", + "remissività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptance without protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome" + ], + "it": [ + "accoglienza", + "ben arrivato", + "ben venuto", + "benarrivato", + "benvenuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being welcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostasy", + "renunciation", + "defection" + ], + "it": [ + "apostasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having rejected your religious beliefs or your political party or a cause (often in favor of opposing beliefs or causes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disfavor", + "disfavour" + ], + "it": [ + "disfavore", + "disgrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being out of favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(politics) a state of disfavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excommunication", + "exclusion", + "censure" + ], + "it": [ + "scomunica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being excommunicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprobation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rejection by God; the state of being condemned to eternal misery in Hell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ], + "it": [ + "separazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of lacking unity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discreteness", + "distinctness", + "separateness", + "severalty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being several and distinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolation" + ], + "it": [ + "isolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of separation between persons or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or situation of being alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitude", + "purdah" + ], + "it": [ + "isolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of social isolation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loneliness", + "solitariness" + ], + "it": [ + "isolamento", + "solitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being alone in solitary isolation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enforced isolation of patients suffering from a contagious disease in order to prevent the spread of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulation", + "insularity", + "insularism", + "detachment" + ], + "it": [ + "insularità", + "isolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being isolated or detached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienation", + "estrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation resulting from hostility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomie", + "anomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal state of isolation and anxiety resulting from a lack of social control and regulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privacy", + "privateness", + "secrecy", + "concealment" + ], + "it": [ + "clandestinità", + "irreperibilità", + "latitanza", + "segretezza", + "privacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being concealed or hidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiddenness", + "covertness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being covert and hidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosom" + ], + "it": [ + "cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chest considered as the place where secret thoughts are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidentiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociation", + "disassociation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which some integrated part of a person's life becomes separated from the rest of the personality and functions independently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compartmentalization", + "compartmentalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild state of dissociation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociative disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissociation so severe that the usually integrated functions of consciousness and perception of self break down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontinuity" + ], + "it": [ + "discontinuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of connection or continuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjunction", + "disjuncture", + "disconnection", + "disconnectedness" + ], + "it": [ + "sconnessura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of being disconnected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separability" + ], + "it": [ + "separabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of being separated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incoherence", + "incoherency" + ], + "it": [ + "incoerenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of cohesion or clarity or organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjointedness" + ], + "it": [ + "incoerenza", + "sconnessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking order or coherence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union", + "unification" + ], + "it": [ + "compagine", + "connubio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being joined or united or linked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalition", + "fusion" + ], + "it": [ + "cartello", + "fusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being combined into one body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliance", + "confederation" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being allied or confederated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federalization", + "federalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being under federal control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection", + "link", + "connectedness" + ], + "it": [ + "collegamento", + "concatenazione", + "connessione", + "rapporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being connected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or condition of touching or of being in immediate proximity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concatenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being linked together as in a chain; union in a linked series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a contact of two curves (or two surfaces) at which they have a common tangent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangency" + ], + "it": [ + "tangenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being tangent; having contact at a single point or along a line without crossing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interconnection", + "interconnectedness" + ], + "it": [ + "interconnessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being connected reciprocally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coherence", + "coherency", + "cohesion", + "cohesiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "coesione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of cohering or sticking together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consistency" + ], + "it": [ + "linearità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "logical coherence and accordance with the facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junction", + "conjunction", + "conjugation", + "colligation" + ], + "it": [ + "giuntura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being joined together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being connected together as in memory or imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disassociation" + ], + "it": [ + "dissociazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unconnected in memory or imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close and intimate union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncretism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the union (or attempted fusion) of different systems of thought or belief (especially in religion or philosophy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuity" + ], + "it": [ + "continuità", + "inesauribilità", + "persistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uninterrupted connection or union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvement", + "melioration" + ], + "it": [ + "miglioramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition superior to an earlier condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline", + "declination" + ], + "it": [ + "declino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition inferior to an earlier condition; a gradual falling off from a better state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betterment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improvement that adds to the value of a property or facility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underdevelopment" + ], + "it": [ + "arretratezza", + "ineducazione", + "rancidezza", + "sottosviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of inadequate development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglect", + "disuse" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono", + "disuso", + "incuria", + "trascuratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of something that has been unused and neglected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been omitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight" + ], + "it": [ + "crepuscolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of decline following successes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreck" + ], + "it": [ + "rottame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improvement (or an intended improvement) in the existing form or condition of institutions or practices etc.; intended to make a striking change for the better in social or political or religious affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterreformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reformation intended to counter the results of a prior reformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renovation", + "restoration", + "refurbishment" + ], + "it": [ + "restauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being restored to its former good condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maturity", + "matureness" + ], + "it": [ + "maturità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of being mature; full development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulthood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state (and responsibilities) of a person who has attained maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a man; manly qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenthood", + "parentage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripeness" + ], + "it": [ + "maturazione", + "maturità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womanhood", + "muliebrity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being an adult woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early maturity; the state of being young or immature or inexperienced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immaturity", + "immatureness" + ], + "it": [ + "acerbità", + "immaturità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not having reached maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post-maturity", + "post-menopause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state in which women have stopped ovulating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of not being ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callowness", + "jejuneness", + "juvenility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking and evidencing lack of experience of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prematureness", + "prematurity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being premature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adolescence" + ], + "it": [ + "adolescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the state that someone is in between puberty and adulthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childhood", + "puerility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a child between infancy and adolescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infancy", + "babyhood" + ], + "it": [ + "infanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest state of immaturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrace" + ], + "it": [ + "abbraccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of taking in or encircling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encompassment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "including entirely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banishment", + "ostracism", + "Coventry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being banished or ostracized (excluded from society by general consent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debarment" + ], + "it": [ + "interdizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being debarred (excluded from enjoying certain possessions or rights or practices)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade", + "level", + "tier" + ], + "it": [ + "livello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the level of safety from exposure to infectious agents; depends on work practices and safety equipment and facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety level 1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure only to infectious agents that do not ordinarily cause human disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety level 2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure to infectious agents that can cause disease in humans but whose potential for transmission is limited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety level 3" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure to infectious agents that can be transmitted by the respiratory route and which can cause serious infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety level 4" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure to exotic infectious agents that pose a high risk of life-threatening disease and can be transmitted as an aerosol and for which there is no vaccine or therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rating" + ], + "it": [ + "quotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standing or position on a scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position on a scale in relation to others in a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradation", + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "gradazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative position in a graded series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a step on some scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank" + ], + "it": [ + "carica", + "grado", + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not the highest rank in a classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advanced level of a subject taken in school (usually two years after O level)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "General Certificate of Secondary Education", + "GCSE", + "O level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic level of a subject taken in school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "college level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the level of education that college students are assumed to have attained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military rank", + "military rating", + "paygrade", + "rating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rank in a military organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag rank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rank of a flag officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social status or position conferred by a system based on class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dignity" + ], + "it": [ + "dignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high office or rank or station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nobility", + "noblesse" + ], + "it": [ + "blasone", + "nobiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being of noble birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being ordained to a sacred office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of imperial status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of great esteem (and supposed superiority)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archidiaconate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "office or position of an archdeacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronetcy", + "barony" + ], + "it": [ + "baronaggio", + "baronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rank or dignity or position of a baronet or baroness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dukedom" + ], + "it": [ + "ducato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dignity or rank or position of a duke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earldom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dignity or rank or position of an earl or countess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingship" + ], + "it": [ + "regno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dignity or rank or position of a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princedom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dignity or rank or position of a prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscountcy", + "viscounty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dignity or rank or position of a viscount or viscountess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of a leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ennoblement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being noble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prominence" + ], + "it": [ + "cospicuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limelight", + "spotlight", + "glare", + "public eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a focus of public attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salience", + "saliency", + "strikingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being salient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspicuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being conspicuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visibility", + "profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degree of exposure to public notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of low visibility in which public notice is avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importance", + "grandness" + ], + "it": [ + "importanza", + "peso", + "rilevanza", + "rilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emphasis", + "accent" + ], + "it": [ + "accento", + "enfasi", + "rilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special importance or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress", + "focus" + ], + "it": [ + "accento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special emphasis attached to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primacy" + ], + "it": [ + "primato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being first in importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eminence", + "distinction", + "preeminence", + "note" + ], + "it": [ + "eminenza", + "predominanza", + "preminenza", + "spiccamento", + "spicco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high status importance owing to marked superiority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preeminence in a particular category or group or field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prestige", + "prestigiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "autorevolezza", + "credito", + "gloria", + "lustro", + "prestigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscurity" + ], + "it": [ + "ombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obscure and unimportant standing; not well known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anonymity", + "namelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "anonimato", + "anonimia", + "anonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being anonymous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humbleness", + "unimportance", + "obscureness", + "lowliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being humble and unimportant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nowhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignificant place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblivion", + "limbo" + ], + "it": [ + "oblio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being disregarded or forgotten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor", + "honour", + "laurels" + ], + "it": [ + "onore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being honored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glory", + "glorification" + ], + "it": [ + "gloria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of high honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fame", + "celebrity", + "renown" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrità", + "fama", + "gloria", + "notorietà", + "preclarità", + "rinomanza", + "rinomea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esteem", + "regard", + "respect" + ], + "it": [ + "considerazione", + "riguardo", + "stima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disesteem" + ], + "it": [ + "disistima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state in which esteem has been lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stature" + ], + "it": [ + "statura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high level of respect gained by impressive development or achievement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repute", + "reputation" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità", + "credito", + "onorabilità", + "reputazione", + "riputazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being held in high esteem and honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reputation and popularity a person has" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good repute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name" + ], + "it": [ + "firma", + "nome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's reputation" + ], + "it": [ + "reputazione di una persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fame" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrità", + "fama", + "gloria", + "rinomanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "favorable public reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evil fame or public reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notoriety", + "ill fame" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrità", + "nomea", + "nominanza", + "notorietà", + "taccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being known for some unfavorable act or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reputation" + ], + "it": [ + "fama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notoriety for some particular characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonor", + "dishonour" + ], + "it": [ + "onta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of shame or disgrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrepute", + "discredit" + ], + "it": [ + "discredito", + "scredito", + "squalifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being held in low esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruptness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being corrupt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shame", + "disgrace", + "ignominy" + ], + "it": [ + "disdoro", + "disonore", + "ignominia", + "infamia", + "obbrobrio", + "onta", + "vergogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of dishonor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humiliation" + ], + "it": [ + "avvilimento", + "umiliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of disgrace or loss of self-respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abasement", + "degradation", + "abjection" + ], + "it": [ + "abbiezione", + "abiezione", + "degradazione", + "fango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low or downcast state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degeneracy", + "degeneration", + "decadence", + "decadency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a low moral state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infamy", + "opprobrium" + ], + "it": [ + "abbominio", + "abominio", + "ignominia", + "infamia", + "obbrobrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme dishonor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obloquy", + "opprobrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of disgrace resulting from public abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of disgrace resulting from detestable behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproach" + ], + "it": [ + "infamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disgrace or shame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominance", + "ascendance", + "ascendence", + "ascendancy", + "ascendency", + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "ascendente", + "controllo", + "predominio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state that exists when one person or group has power over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascendant", + "ascendent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position or state of being dominant or in control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domination", + "mastery", + "supremacy" + ], + "it": [ + "dominazione", + "dominio", + "egemonia", + "leadership", + "predominio", + "primato", + "sopravento", + "sopravvento", + "sovranità", + "superiorità", + "supremazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power to dominate or defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predominance", + "predomination", + "prepotency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being predominant over others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominion", + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "dominio", + "impero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dominance or power through legal authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramountcy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being paramount; the highest rank or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raj" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British dominion over India (1757-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being controlled or governed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reign", + "sovereignty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "royal authority; the dominion of a monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scepter", + "sceptre" + ], + "it": [ + "scettro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial authority symbolized by a scepter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suzerainty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position or authority of a suzerain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolutism", + "tyranny", + "despotism" + ], + "it": [ + "despotismo", + "dispotismo", + "dittatura", + "tirannia", + "tirannide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dominance through threat of punishment and violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopoly" + ], + "it": [ + "monopolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exclusive control or possession of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopoly" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato monopolistico", + "monopolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopsony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a market in which goods or services are offered by several sellers but there is only one buyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligopoly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a market in which control over the supply of a commodity is in the hands of a small number of producers and each one can influence prices and affect competitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "corner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary monopoly on a kind of commercial trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bane", + "curse", + "scourge", + "nemesis" + ], + "it": [ + "flagello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something causing misery or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort", + "comfortableness" + ], + "it": [ + "agio", + "comodità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief", + "ease" + ], + "it": [ + "sollievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being comfortable or relieved (especially after being relieved of distress)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprieve", + "respite" + ], + "it": [ + "respiro", + "pace", + "requie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (temporary) relief from harm or discomfort" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione, anche momentanea, che costituisce sollievo da una fatica, o da un dolore fisico o morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solace", + "solacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comfort in disappointment or misery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coziness", + "cosiness", + "snugness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of warm snug comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convenience" + ], + "it": [ + "comfort", + "comodità", + "comodo", + "confort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being suitable or opportune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discomfort", + "uncomfortableness" + ], + "it": [ + "disagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being tense and feeling pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconvenience", + "incommodiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inconvenient discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malaise", + "unease", + "uneasiness" + ], + "it": [ + "mal essere", + "malessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical discomfort (as mild sickness or depression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangover", + "katzenjammer" + ], + "it": [ + "postumi della sbornia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disagreeable aftereffects from the use of drugs (especially alcohol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wretchedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the character of being uncomfortable and unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wellbeing", + "well-being", + "welfare", + "upbeat", + "eudaemonia", + "eudaimonia" + ], + "it": [ + "benessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contented state of being happy and healthy and prosperous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fool's paradise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illusory state of wellbeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health", + "wellness" + ], + "it": [ + "salute", + "sanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ill-being" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of prosperity or happiness or health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misery", + "wretchedness", + "miserableness" + ], + "it": [ + "miserabilità", + "miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation characterized by crowding and extremely harsh conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of constant misery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffering", + "woe" + ], + "it": [ + "sofferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misery resulting from affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anguish" + ], + "it": [ + "ambascia", + "angoscia", + "angustia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme distress of body or mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "need", + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "bisogno", + "esigenza", + "occorrenza", + "necessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition requiring relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lack", + "deficiency", + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "assenza", + "carenza", + "carestia", + "mancanza", + "penuria", + "ristrettezza", + "scarsità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dearth", + "famine", + "shortage" + ], + "it": [ + "carestia", + "penuria", + "ristrettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute insufficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency or failure in neurological or mental functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral deficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of a mineral micronutrient that is essential for normal nutrition or metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being short of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringency", + "tightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state occasioned by scarcity of money and a shortage of credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necessity" + ], + "it": [ + "bisogno", + "necessità", + "occorrenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being essential or indispensable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requisiteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being absolutely required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urgency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being urgent; an earnest and insistent necessity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurry", + "haste" + ], + "it": [ + "fretta", + "furia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperativeness", + "insistence", + "insistency", + "press", + "pressure" + ], + "it": [ + "pressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of demanding notice or attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticality", + "criticalness", + "cruciality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of critical urgency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullness" + ], + "it": [ + "pienezza", + "replezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being filled to capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repletion", + "satiety", + "satiation" + ], + "it": [ + "sazietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being satisfactorily full and unable to take on more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfeit", + "excess", + "overabundance" + ], + "it": [ + "soprabbondanza", + "soverchio", + "sovrabbondanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being more than full" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of having the interior filled with matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being invaded or overrun by parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acariasis", + "acariosis", + "acaridiasis" + ], + "it": [ + "acariasi", + "acariosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with itch mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascariasis" + ], + "it": [ + "ascaridiasi", + "ascaridiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the human intestine with Ascaris roundworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccidiosis" + ], + "it": [ + "coccidiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(veterinary medicine) infestation with coccidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinococcosis", + "hydatid disease", + "hydatidosis" + ], + "it": [ + "echinococcosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with larval echinococci (tapeworms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helminthiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the body with parasitic worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hookworm", + "hookworm disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the intestines by hookworms which enter the body (usually) through the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the body by the larvae of flies (usually through a wound or other opening) or any disease resulting from such infestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onchocerciasis", + "river blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with slender threadlike roundworms (filaria) deposited under the skin by the bite of black fleas; when the eyes are involved it can result in blindness; common in Africa and tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opisthorchiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with flukes obtained from eating raw fish; common in eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediculosis", + "lousiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with lice (Pediculus humanus) resulting in severe itching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediculosis capitis", + "head lice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the scalp with lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediculosis corporis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of body skin with lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediculosis pubis", + "crabs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation of the pubic hair by crab lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trombiculiasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation with chiggers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichuriasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infestation by a roundworm; common in tropical areas with poor sanitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emptiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of containing nothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blankness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being blank; void; emptiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being hollow: having an empty space within" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nothingness", + "void", + "nullity", + "nihility" + ], + "it": [ + "niente", + "nulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of nonexistence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nowhere to be found in a giant void" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being unoccupied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum", + "vacuity" + ], + "it": [ + "vacuità", + "vuotezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nakedness", + "nudity", + "nudeness" + ], + "it": [ + "nudità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being without clothing or covering of any kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "without clothing (especially in the phrase `in the nude')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw", + "altogether", + "birthday suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for nakedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or complete nakedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bareness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unclothed and exposed (especially of a part of the body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baldness", + "phalacrosis" + ], + "it": [ + "calvezza", + "calvizie", + "pelata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having no hair on the top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairlessness", + "depilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being void of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alopecia" + ], + "it": [ + "alopecia", + "psilosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers; in humans it can result from heredity or hormonal imbalance or certain diseases or drugs and treatments (chemotherapy for cancer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alopecia areata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patchy baldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male-patterned baldness", + "male pattern baldness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of hair on the crown of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishabille", + "deshabille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being carelessly or partially dressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtsleeves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not wearing a jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace", + "saving grace", + "state of grace" + ], + "it": [ + "grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damnation", + "eternal damnation" + ], + "it": [ + "dannazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being condemned to eternal punishment in Hell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire and brimstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) God's means of destroying sinners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omniscience" + ], + "it": [ + "onniscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being omniscient; having infinite knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "God's Wisdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the omniscience of a divine being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnipotence" + ], + "it": [ + "onnipotenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being omnipotent; having unlimited power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "God's Will" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the omnipotence of a divine being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i112999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfection", + "flawlessness", + "ne plus ultra" + ], + "it": [ + "compiutezza", + "irreprensibilità", + "perfezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being without a flaw or defect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone or something wonderful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish", + "refinement", + "culture", + "cultivation", + "finish" + ], + "it": [ + "finezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare-thee-well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of perfection; the utmost degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intactness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unimpaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrity", + "unity", + "wholeness" + ], + "it": [ + "integrità", + "unità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "completeness" + ], + "it": [ + "compiutezza", + "completezza", + "finitezza", + "integrità", + "interezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being complete and entire; having everything that is needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entirety", + "entireness", + "integrality", + "totality" + ], + "it": [ + "interezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being total and complete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comprehensiveness", + "fullness" + ], + "it": [ + "capillarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "completeness over a broad scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole shebang", + "whole kit and caboodle", + "kit and caboodle", + "whole kit and boodle", + "kit and boodle", + "whole kit", + "whole caboodle", + "whole works", + "works", + "full treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everything available; usually preceded by `the'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partialness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being only a part; not total; incomplete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompleteness", + "rawness" + ], + "it": [ + "incompiutezza", + "incompletezza", + "lacunosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being crude and incomplete and imperfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketchiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incompleteness of details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperfection", + "imperfectness" + ], + "it": [ + "imperfezione", + "magagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or an instance of being imperfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failing", + "weakness" + ], + "it": [ + "debolezza", + "difetto", + "mancanza", + "debole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flaw or weak point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfection in a plan or theory or legal document that causes it to fail or that reduces its effectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragic flaw", + "hamartia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the character flaw or error of a tragic hero that leads to his downfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufficiency", + "inadequacy" + ], + "it": [ + "deficienza", + "insufficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of competence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used of materials (especially metals) in a weakened state caused by long stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defect or weakness in a person's character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defect" + ], + "it": [ + "deficit", + "difetto", + "taccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfection in a bodily system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defect", + "fault", + "flaw" + ], + "it": [ + "difetto", + "imperfezione", + "magagna", + "taccola", + "vizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfection in an object or machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flaw on a surface resulting when an applied substance does not adhere (as an air bubble in a coat of paint)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bug", + "glitch" + ], + "it": [ + "baco", + "bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfection in someone or something that is suggestive of a wart (especially in smallness or unattractiveness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth defect", + "congenital anomaly", + "congenital defect", + "congenital disorder", + "congenital abnormality" + ], + "it": [ + "difetto ereditario", + "difetto congenito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defect that is present at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocephalus", + "hydrocephaly" + ], + "it": [ + "idrocefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain; in infants it can cause abnormally rapid growth of the head and bulging fontanelles and a small face; in adults the symptoms are primarily neurological" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydronephrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulation of urine in the kidney because of an obstruction in the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having no arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amelia" + ], + "it": [ + "amelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital absence of an arm or leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meromelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital absence of part of an arm or leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phocomelia", + "seal limbs" + ], + "it": [ + "focomelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormality of development in which the upper part of an arm or leg is missing so the hands or feet are attached to the body like stumps; rare condition that results from taking thalidomide during pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protrusion of brain tissue through a congenital fissure in the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familial hypercholesterolemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital disorder characterized by high levels of cholesterol and early development of atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningocele" + ], + "it": [ + "meningocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital anomaly of the central nervous system in which a sac protruding from the brain or the spinal meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid (but no nerve tissue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelomeningocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital defect of the central nervous system in which a sac containing part of the spinal cord and its meninges protrude through a gap in the vertebral column; frequently accompanied by hydrocephalus and mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagiocephaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital malformation of the skull in which the main axis of the skull is oblique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital defect of having one or more extra chromosomes in somatic cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermaphroditism", + "hermaphrodism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital condition in which external genitalia and internal sex organs have both male and female characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudohermaphroditism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital condition in which a person has external genitalia of one sex and internal sex organs of the other sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare abnormality marked by premature aging (grey hair and wrinkled skin and stooped posture) in a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaphocephaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital malformation of the skull which is long and narrow; frequently accompanied by mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valgus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deformity in which there is an abnormal displacement of part of a limb away from the midline of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deformity in which part of a limb is turned inward to an abnormal degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congenital heart defect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a birth defect involving the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septal defect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital abnormality in the septum between the left and right sides of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrial septal defect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal opening between the left and right atria of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventricular septal defect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common congenital heart defect; an abnormal opening in the septum dividing the ventricles allows blood to pass directly from the left to the right ventricle; large openings may cause congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetralogy of Fallot", + "Fallot's tetralogy", + "Fallot's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital heart defect producing cyanosis; characterized by four symptoms: pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect and malposition of the aorta over both ventricles and hypertrophy of the right ventricle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxic shock", + "toxic shock syndrome", + "TSS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome resulting from a serious acute (sometimes fatal) infection associated with the presence of staphylococcus; characterized by fever and diarrhea and nausea and diffuse erythema and shock; occurs especially in menstruating women using highly absorbent tampons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome associated with bacterial meningitis; marked by sudden high fever and skin discoloration and petechiae with hemorrhage into the adrenal glands and cardiovascular collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare congenital disorder associated with deletion of genetic material in chromosome 7; characterized by mental deficiency and some growth deficiency and elfin faces but an overly social personality and a remarkable gift for vocabulary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zollinger-Ellison syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syndrome consisting of intractable peptic ulceration with gastric hypersecretion and hyperacidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spina bifida", + "rachischisis", + "schistorrhachis" + ], + "it": [ + "spina bifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a not uncommon congenital defect in which a vertebra is malformed; unless several vertebrae are affected or there is myelomeningocele there are few symptoms; can be diagnosed by amniocentesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinocerebellar disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several congenital disorders marked by degeneration of the cerebellum and spinal cord resulting in spasticity and ataxia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polydactyly", + "hyperdactyly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth defect characterized by the presence of more than the normal number of fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndactyly", + "syndactylism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth defect in which there is partial or total webbing connecting two or more fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue tie", + "ankyloglossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital anomaly in which the mucous membrane under the tongue is too short limiting the mobility of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defectiveness", + "faultiness" + ], + "it": [ + "difettosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being defective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crudeness", + "crudity", + "primitiveness", + "primitivism", + "rudeness" + ], + "it": [ + "primitivismo", + "primitività", + "trogloditismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild or unrefined state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lameness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfection or defectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defectiveness or unsoundness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortune", + "destiny", + "fate", + "luck", + "lot", + "circumstances", + "portion" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "circostanza della vita", + "caso della vita", + "condizioni finanziarie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good fortune", + "luckiness", + "good luck" + ], + "it": [ + "fortuna", + "bazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auspicious state resulting from favorable outcomes" + ], + "it": [ + "stato o condizione positiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "providence" + ], + "it": [ + "provvidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifestation of God's foresightful care for his creatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosperity", + "successfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "prosperità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of prospering; having good fortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessing", + "boon" + ], + "it": [ + "benedizione", + "dono del cielo", + "manna", + "provvidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desirable state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something for which to be thankful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strength" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of financial success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakness" + ], + "it": [ + "debolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being financially weak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "success" + ], + "it": [ + "fortuna", + "successo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of prosperity or fame" + ], + "it": [ + "buona accoglienza, fama ottenuta da un opera dell'ingegno o dal suo autore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest level of an occupation (especially in entertainment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay dirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a profitable success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfortune", + "bad luck", + "tough luck", + "ill luck" + ], + "it": [ + "sfortuna", + "disdetta", + "disgrazia", + "iattura", + "iella", + "iettatura", + "malasorte", + "jettatura", + "mala sorte", + "male", + "pegola", + "scalogna", + "sventura", + "guigne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate state resulting from unfavorable outcomes" + ], + "it": [ + "stato, condizione negativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adversity", + "hardship", + "hard knocks" + ], + "it": [ + "avversità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of misfortune or affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter", + "sewer", + "toilet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misfortune resulting in lost effort or money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bad luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catastrophe", + "disaster" + ], + "it": [ + "calamità", + "cataclisma", + "catastrofe", + "disastro", + "macello", + "massacro", + "patatrac", + "sciagura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme condition or state (especially of adversity or disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final extremity (however unpleasant it may be)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress" + ], + "it": [ + "problema", + "afflizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of adversity (danger or affliction or need)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard or painful trouble or struggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affliction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of great suffering and distress due to adversity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adversity resulting from being made a victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross", + "crown of thorns" + ], + "it": [ + "croce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any affliction that causes great suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure" + ], + "it": [ + "bancarotta", + "fiasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvency" + ], + "it": [ + "solvenza", + "solvibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to meet maturing obligations as they come due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insolvency" + ], + "it": [ + "insolvenza", + "insolvibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of financial resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankruptcy", + "failure" + ], + "it": [ + "bancarotta", + "fallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankruptcy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of complete lack of some abstract property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inability of a bank to meet its credit obligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure of crops to produce a marketable surplus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something doomed to failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receivership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of property that is in the hands of a receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ownership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or fact of being an owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state of matter", + "state" + ], + "it": [ + "stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase", + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "fase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid", + "liquidness", + "liquidity", + "liquid state" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state in which a substance exhibits a characteristic readiness to flow with little or no tendency to disperse and relatively high incompressibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid", + "solidness", + "solid state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state in which a substance has no tendency to flow under moderate stress; resists forces (such as compression) that tend to deform it; and retains a definite size and shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas", + "gaseous state" + ], + "it": [ + "gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity; relatively great expansion and contraction with changes in pressure and temperature; the ability to diffuse readily; and the spontaneous tendency to become distributed uniformly throughout any container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma" + ], + "it": [ + "plasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physical chemistry) a fourth state of matter distinct from solid or liquid or gas and present in stars and fusion reactors; a gas becomes a plasma when it is heated until the atoms lose all their electrons, leaving a highly electrified collection of nuclei and free electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possibility", + "possibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "caso", + "possibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of existing or happening or being true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceivableness", + "conceivability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being conceivable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achievability", + "attainability", + "attainableness" + ], + "it": [ + "realizzabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being achievable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potential", + "potentiality", + "potency" + ], + "it": [ + "potenzialità", + "potenziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inherent capacity for coming into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latency" + ], + "it": [ + "latenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being not yet evident or active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prospect", + "chance" + ], + "it": [ + "prospettiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the possibility of future success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impossibility", + "impossibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "impossibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incapability of existing or occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconceivability", + "inconceivableness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconcepibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being impossible to conceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unattainableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unattainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "full of hope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidence" + ], + "it": [ + "fiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of confident hopefulness that events will be favorable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportunity", + "chance" + ], + "it": [ + "occasione", + "momento", + "opportunità", + "possibilità", + "destro", + "modo", + "chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances" + ], + "it": [ + "circostanza favorevole, situazione o contingenza particolarmente adatti alla realizzazione di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich opportunity or a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of opportunity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh start", + "clean slate", + "tabula rasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunity to start over without prejudice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing", + "audience" + ], + "it": [ + "udienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunity to state your case and be heard" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di attività attraverso le quali si accerta la verità e si giunge alla soluzione di una controversia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where opportunities abound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occasion" + ], + "it": [ + "appiglio", + "circostanza", + "congiuntura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunity to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "posto vacante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opportunity especially for employment or promotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room" + ], + "it": [ + "opportunità", + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opportunity for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chance to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot", + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chance to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation offering opportunities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single chance or instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipation", + "expectation" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettativa", + "attesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticipating with confidence of fulfillment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despair", + "desperation" + ], + "it": [ + "disperazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which all hope is lost or absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dejection" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattimento", + "accasciamento", + "demoralizzazione", + "depressione", + "sconforto", + "scoraggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of melancholy depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nadir", + "low-water mark" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "punto più basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme state of adversity; the lowest point of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purity", + "pureness" + ], + "it": [ + "purezza", + "purità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plainness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unmixed with other material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impurity", + "impureness" + ], + "it": [ + "impurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being impure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulteration", + "debasement" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione", + "sofisticazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being mixed with extraneous material; the product of adulterating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admixture", + "alloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of impairing the quality or reducing the value of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contamination", + "taint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being contaminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust contamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of being contaminated with dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirtiness" + ], + "it": [ + "sporchizia", + "sporcizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of containing dirty impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feculence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is feculent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putridity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being putrid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of (corporate or personal) finances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom" + ], + "it": [ + "boom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of economic prosperity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit crunch", + "liquidity crisis", + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which there is a short supply of cash to lend to businesses and consumers and interest rates are high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression", + "slump", + "economic crisis" + ], + "it": [ + "crisi", + "crollo", + "depressione", + "slump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment" + ], + "it": [ + "la fase discendente di un ciclo economico caratterizzata da ristagno negli affari, discesa dei prezzi, disoccupazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full employment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic condition when everyone who wishes to work at the going wage rate for their type of labor is employed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosperity" + ], + "it": [ + "agiatezza", + "floridezza", + "opulenza", + "prosperità", + "ricchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of declining economic condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obligation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being obligated to do or pay something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indebtedness", + "liability", + "financial obligation" + ], + "it": [ + "indebitamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obligation to pay money to another party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debt" + ], + "it": [ + "debito", + "indebitamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of owing something (especially money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being behind in payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account payable", + "payable" + ], + "it": [ + "conto passivo", + "debito a breve", + "debito a breve termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liability account showing how much is owed for goods and services purchased on credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount due (as at a restaurant or bar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scot and lot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obligations of all kinds taken as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wealth", + "wealthiness" + ], + "it": [ + "ricchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affluence", + "richness" + ], + "it": [ + "opulenza", + "ricchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abundant wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease", + "comfort" + ], + "it": [ + "agiatezza", + "agio", + "benessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freedom from financial difficulty that promotes a comfortable state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap of luxury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in conditions of wealth and comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inherited wealth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth that is inherited rather than earned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxury", + "luxuriousness", + "opulence", + "sumptuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "magnificenza", + "opulenza", + "sfarzosità", + "sontuosità", + "splendidezza", + "suntuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammon" + ], + "it": [ + "mammona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wealth regarded as an evil influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver spoon", + "old money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inherited wealth of established upper-class families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sufficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sufficient resources to provide comfort and meet obligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poverty", + "poorness", + "impoverishment" + ], + "it": [ + "angustia", + "bisogno", + "miseria", + "necessità", + "povertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privation", + "want", + "deprivation", + "neediness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme poverty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destitution" + ], + "it": [ + "miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state without friends or money or prospects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigence", + "need", + "penury", + "pauperism", + "pauperization" + ], + "it": [ + "bisogno", + "indigenza", + "miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of extreme poverty or destitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggary", + "mendicancy", + "mendicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a beggar or mendicant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impecuniousness", + "pennilessness", + "penuriousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of lacking money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shakeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic condition that results in the elimination of marginally financed participants in an industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage setter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any economic condition or variable that serves to set wage rates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitary condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of sanitation (clean or dirty)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitariness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being conducive to health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygiene" + ], + "it": [ + "igiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition promoting sanitary practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asepsis", + "antisepsis", + "sterility", + "sterileness" + ], + "it": [ + "asepsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitation" + ], + "it": [ + "igiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being clean and conducive to health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsanitariness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that is not conducive to health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filth", + "filthiness", + "foulness", + "nastiness" + ], + "it": [ + "bruttura", + "immondezza", + "laidezza", + "laidume", + "lerciume", + "luridume", + "sporchizia", + "sporcizia", + "sudiceria", + "sudicio", + "sudiciume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state characterized by foul or disgusting dirt and refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunghill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foul or degraded condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of aggregation of soil and its condition for supporting plant growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanness" + ], + "it": [ + "lindezza", + "lindore", + "lindura", + "pulizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being clean; without dirt or other impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanliness" + ], + "it": [ + "igiene", + "mondezza", + "monnezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotlessness", + "immaculateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being spotlessly clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderliness", + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "assetto", + "ordinamento", + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of regular or proper arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione di ogni cosa in modo funzionale e conveniente secondo un determinato criterio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit and polish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "careful attention to order and appearance (as in the military)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilter", + "kelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in working order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidiness" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the habit of being tidy" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine a essere ordinato nel gestire le proprie cose, attività e abitudini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neatness", + "spruceness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being neat and smart and trim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim", + "trimness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of arrangement or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shambles" + ], + "it": [ + "macello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of great disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirtiness", + "uncleanness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unsanitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirt", + "filth", + "grime", + "soil", + "stain", + "grease", + "grunge" + ], + "it": [ + "lerciume", + "luridezza", + "sozzume", + "sozzura", + "sporchizia", + "sporcizia", + "sudicio", + "sudiciume", + "untume", + "sporco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being covered with unclean things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "befoulment", + "defilement", + "pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being polluted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinginess", + "dinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discoloration due to dirtiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dustiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being covered with dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griminess", + "grubbiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being grimy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smuttiness", + "sootiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being dirty with soot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sordidness", + "squalor", + "squalidness" + ], + "it": [ + "luridume", + "sordidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sordid dirtiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorderliness", + "disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "confusisone", + "disordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which things are not in their expected places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untidiness" + ], + "it": [ + "disordine", + "trascuratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being untidy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloppiness", + "slovenliness", + "unkemptness" + ], + "it": [ + "sciattaggine", + "sciatteria", + "sciattezza", + "scompostezza", + "trasandatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of order and tidiness; not cared for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shagginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unkemptness of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess", + "messiness", + "muss", + "mussiness" + ], + "it": [ + "casino", + "confusione", + "rivoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of confusion and disorderliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorganization", + "disorganisation", + "disarrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "disorganizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which an orderly system has been disrupted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutter", + "jumble", + "muddle", + "fuddle", + "mare's nest", + "welter", + "smother" + ], + "it": [ + "accozzaglia", + "affastellamento", + "coacervo", + "congerie", + "emporio", + "fricandò", + "guazzabuglio", + "mucchio", + "pipinara", + "pottiniccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confused multitude of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rummage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jumble of things to be given away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normality", + "normalcy" + ], + "it": [ + "normalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being within certain limits that define the range of normal functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "averageness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being that is average; indicates normality but with connotations of mediocrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonness", + "expectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being that is commonly observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being that is typical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnormality", + "abnormalcy" + ], + "it": [ + "anomalia", + "anormalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal physical condition resulting from defective genes or developmental deficiencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atelectasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collapse of an expanded lung (especially in infants); also failure of pulmonary alveoli to expand at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atypicality", + "untypicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any state that is not typical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoxemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally low oxygen content in arterial blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrested development", + "fixation", + "infantile fixation", + "regression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal state in which development has stopped prematurely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coprolalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncontrollable use of obscene language; often accompanied by mental disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberrance", + "aberrancy", + "aberration", + "deviance" + ], + "it": [ + "aberrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or condition markedly different from the norm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclopia" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclopia", + "ciclopismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a developmental abnormality in which there is only one eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromosomal aberration", + "chromosomal anomaly", + "chrosomal abnormality", + "chromosonal disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any change in the normal structure or number of chromosomes; often results in physical or mental abnormalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monosomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trisomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chrosomal abnormality in which there is one more than the normal number of chromosomes in a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflection", + "warp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twist or aberration; especially a perverse or abnormal way of judging or acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal curvature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal curvature of the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kyphosis", + "humpback", + "hunchback" + ], + "it": [ + "cifosi", + "gobba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal backward curve to the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lordosis", + "hollow-back" + ], + "it": [ + "lordosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal inward (forward) curvature of the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoliosis" + ], + "it": [ + "scoliosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal lateral curve to the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowager's hump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal spinal curvature that results when osteoporosis causes the spine to collapse; seen most often in elderly women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subnormality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being less than normal (especially with respect to intelligence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomaly", + "anomalousness" + ], + "it": [ + "anomalia", + "irregolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynecomastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive development of the breasts in males; usually the result of hormonal imbalance or treatment with certain drugs (including some antihypertensives)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-eye", + "crossed eye", + "convergent strabismus", + "esotropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward toward the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarfism", + "nanism" + ], + "it": [ + "nanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetic abnormality resulting in short stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pycnodysostosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of dwarfism accompanied by fragile bones and bad teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactose intolerance", + "lactase deficiency", + "milk intolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital disorder consisting of an inability to digest milk and milk products; absence or deficiency of lactase results in an inability to hydrolyze lactose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactosuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of lactose in the urine; can occur during pregnancy or lactation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myoglobinuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of myoglobin in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oliguria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally small production of urine; can be a symptom of kidney disease or obstruction of the urinary tract or edema or an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenylketonuria", + "PKU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetic disorder of metabolism; lack of the enzyme needed to turn phenylalanine into tyrosine results in an accumulation of phenylalanine in the body fluids which causes various degrees of mental deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porphyria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetic abnormality of metabolism causing abdominal pains and mental confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infantilism" + ], + "it": [ + "infantilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal condition in which an older child or adult retains infantile characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruction", + "blockage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical condition of blocking or filling a passage with an obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestinal obstruction", + "ileus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamponade", + "tamponage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blockage or closure (as of a wound or body cavity) by (or as if by) a tampon (especially to stop bleeding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac tamponade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical compression of the heart resulting from large amounts of fluid collecting in the pericardial space and limiting the heart's normal range of motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ateleiosis", + "ateliosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of infantilism characterized by physical underdevelopment but normal intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrocephaly", + "megacephaly", + "megalocephaly" + ], + "it": [ + "macrocefalia", + "megalocefalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally large head; differs from hydrocephalus because there is no increased intracranial pressure and the overgrowth is symmetrical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbrachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally small arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcephaly", + "microcephalus", + "nanocephaly" + ], + "it": [ + "microcefalia", + "nanocefalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachycheilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal thickness of the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phimosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal tightness of the foreskin preventing retraction over the glans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poisoning", + "toxic condition", + "intoxication" + ], + "it": [ + "avvelenamento", + "intossicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkali poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning resulting from the ingestion of an alkali compound (as lye or ammonia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caffeinism", + "caffeine intoxication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning resulting from excessive intake of caffeine containing products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon monoxide poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic condition that results from inhaling and absorbing carbon monoxide gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanide poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning due to ingesting or inhaling cyanide; common in smoke from fires and in industrial chemicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malathion poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic condition caused by inhaling or ingesting the insecticide Malathion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergotism" + ], + "it": [ + "ergotismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning by ingestion of ergot-infected grain products; characterized by thirst and diarrhea and nausea and cramping and vomiting and abnormal cardiac rhythms; in severe cases it can cause seizures and gangrene of the limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury poisoning" + ], + "it": [ + "idrargirismo", + "idrargirosi", + "mercurialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic condition caused by ingesting or inhaling mercury; acute mercury poisoning causes a metallic taste and vomiting and diarrhea and kidney problems that may lead to death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minamata disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of mercury poisoning among people who ate fish from mercury-contaminated waters of Minamata Bay off Japan in the 1950s; characterized by severe neurological degeneration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naphthalene poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic condition resulting from inhaling or ingesting naphthalene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicotine poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic condition caused by the ingestion or inhalation of large amounts of nicotine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning by snake venom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraquat poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning caused by ingestion of paraquat; characterized by progressive damage to the esophagus and liver and kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parathion poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic condition resulting from inhalation or ingestion of the insecticide parathion; characterized by nausea and abdominal pains and headache and convulsions and sweating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesticide poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic condition resulting from ingesting or inhaling a pesticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salicylate poisoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisoning caused by the excessive ingestion of salicylates (usually aspirin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "context", + "circumstance", + "setting" + ], + "it": [ + "contesto", + "contingenza", + "circostanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecology" + ], + "it": [ + "ecologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the environment as it relates to living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setting", + "background", + "scope" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente", + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of the environment in which a situation exists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas", + "canvass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the setting for a narrative or fictional or dramatic account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an environment offering affection and security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milieu", + "surroundings" + ], + "it": [ + "contesto", + "milieu", + "ambiente", + "ambiente sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the environmental condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphere", + "domain", + "area", + "orbit", + "field", + "arena" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente", + "ambito", + "campo", + "area", + "settore", + "sfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular environment or walk of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distaff" + ], + "it": [ + "la rocca e il fuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sphere of work by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sphere of activity involving effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotusland", + "lotus land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idyllic realm of contentment and self-indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom", + "land", + "realm" + ], + "it": [ + "regno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domain in which something is dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of control or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap of the gods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beyond human control or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political arena", + "political sphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sphere of intense political activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "province", + "responsibility" + ], + "it": [ + "competenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proper sphere or extent of your activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiastical province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the district within the jurisdiction of an archbishop or a metropolitan or one of the territorial divisions of an ecclesiastical order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showcase", + "show window" + ], + "it": [ + "teca", + "vetrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a setting in which something can be displayed to best effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the streets of a city viewed as a depressed environment in which there is poverty and crime and prostitution and dereliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environmental condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollution" + ], + "it": [ + "inquinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biodegradable pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollution that is rendered harmless by natural processes and so causes no permanent harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonbiodegradable pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollution that accumulates in the environment and may appear in the food chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollution of the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid rain", + "acid precipitation" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia acida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial air pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollution resulting from an industrial plant discharging pollutants into the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miasma", + "miasm" + ], + "it": [ + "miasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unhealthy vapors rising from the ground or other sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small-particle pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air pollution caused by fine particles of soot (as from power plants or diesel engines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smog", + "smogginess" + ], + "it": [ + "caligine", + "smog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air pollution by a mixture of smoke and fog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise pollution", + "sound pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annoying and potentially harmful environmental noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harm to lakes and rivers resulting from the release of excessive waste heat into them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollution of the water in rivers and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which the earth's surface is worn away by the action of water and wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deforestation" + ], + "it": [ + "deforestazione", + "diboscamento", + "disboscamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being clear of trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depopulation" + ], + "it": [ + "spopolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having reduced numbers of inhabitants (or no inhabitants at all)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climate", + "clime" + ], + "it": [ + "clima", + "cielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time" + ], + "it": [ + "condizioni meteorologiche di una regione considerate in relazione a lunghi periodi di tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being covered with glaciers or masses of ice; the result of glacial action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhospitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the environmental condition in a region that lacks a favorable climate or terrain for life or growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorological conditions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevailing environmental conditions as they influence the prediction of weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmosphere", + "atmospheric state" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weather or climate at some place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large body of air with uniform characteristics horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air mass of higher than normal pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low", + "depression" + ], + "it": [ + "depressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticyclone" + ], + "it": [ + "anticiclone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) winds spiraling outward from a high pressure center; circling clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclone" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure center; circling counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fog", + "fogginess", + "murk", + "murkiness" + ], + "it": [ + "nebulosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atmosphere in which visibility is reduced because of a cloud of some substance" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera nella quale la visibilità è ridotta a causa di una nuvola di qualche sostanza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fug" + ], + "it": [ + "aria viziata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British informal) an airless smoky smelly atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good weather" + ], + "it": [ + "bello", + "sereno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weather suitable for outdoor activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calmness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence of strong winds or rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mildness", + "clemency" + ], + "it": [ + "clemenza", + "mitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good weather with comfortable temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balminess", + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of weather that is deliciously mild and soothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stillness", + "windlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calmness without winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lull", + "quiet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "periodo di stasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of calm weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad weather", + "inclemency", + "inclementness" + ], + "it": [ + "brutto", + "intemperie", + "mal tempo", + "maltempo", + "perturbazione", + "tempaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weather unsuitable for outdoor activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw weather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpleasantly cold and damp weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storminess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being stormy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boisterousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turbulent and stormy state of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeziness", + "windiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mildly windy state of the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempestuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of wild storminess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choppiness", + "roughness", + "rough water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used of the sea during inclement or stormy weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloudiness", + "cloud cover", + "overcast" + ], + "it": [ + "nebulosità", + "nuvolosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of the sky when it is covered by clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbulence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instability in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear-air turbulence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong turbulence in an otherwise cloudless region that subjects aircraft to violent updrafts or downdrafts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climate", + "mood" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera", + "clima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevailing psychological state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmosphere", + "ambiance", + "ambience" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular environment or surrounding influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cause of worry or gloom or trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genius loci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the special atmosphere of a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloom", + "gloominess", + "glumness" + ], + "it": [ + "tetraggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atmosphere of depression and melancholy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleakness", + "desolation", + "bareness", + "nakedness" + ], + "it": [ + "cupezza", + "desolazione", + "squallidezza", + "tristezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bleak and desolate atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hollywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flashy vulgar tone or atmosphere believed to be characteristic of the American film industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miasma", + "miasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unwholesome atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit", + "tone", + "feel", + "feeling", + "flavor", + "flavour", + "look", + "smell" + ], + "it": [ + "sensazione", + "sentimento", + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeitgeist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spirit of the time; the spirit characteristic of an age or generation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsusceptibility", + "immunity" + ], + "it": [ + "immunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of not being susceptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity of an organism to defend itself against harmful environmental agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunity", + "resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the condition in which an organism can resist disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunogenicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of eliciting an immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impermanent form of acquired immunity in which antibodies against a disease are acquired naturally (as through the placenta to an unborn child) or artificially (as by injection of antiserum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoimmunity" + ], + "it": [ + "autoimmunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "production of antibodies against the tissues of your own body; produces autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquired immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunity to a particular disease that is not innate but has been acquired during life; immunity can be acquired by the development of antibodies after an attack of an infectious disease or by a pregnant mother passing antibodies through the placenta to a fetus or by vaccination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural immunity", + "innate immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunity to disease that occurs as part of an individual's natural biologic makeup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racial immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural immunity shared by all members of a particular race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemption", + "freedom" + ], + "it": [ + "esenzione", + "esonero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunity from an obligation or duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnesty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period during which offenders are exempt from punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exemption from taxation or normal processes of law that is offered to diplomatic personnel in a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indemnity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legal exemption from liability for damages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impunity" + ], + "it": [ + "impunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exemption from punishment or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandfather clause" + ], + "it": [ + "clausola di non retroattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exemption based on circumstances existing prior to the adoption of some policy; used to enfranchise illiterate whites in south after the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subservience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being something that is useful in reaching an end or carrying out a plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "susceptibility", + "susceptibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being susceptible; easily affected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being legally obliged and responsible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxability" + ], + "it": [ + "imponibilità", + "tassabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liability to taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratability", + "rateability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being liable to assessment or taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capability", + "capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the susceptibility of something to a particular treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person's predisposition to be affected by something (as a disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activity" + ], + "it": [ + "radioattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the capacity of a substance to take part in a chemical reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà di un elemento di emettere radiazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) abnormal sensitivity to stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroversion", + "retroflection", + "retroflexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turning or tilting backward of an organ or body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity", + "predisposition" + ], + "it": [ + "recettività", + "ricettività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "susceptibility to a pathogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitization", + "sensitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being sensitive (as to an antigen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food allergy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allergic reaction to a substance ingested in food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immediate allergy", + "atopy", + "atopic allergy", + "type I allergic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allergic reaction that becomes apparent in a sensitized person only minutes after contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serum sickness", + "serum disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delayed allergic reaction to the injection of an antiserum caused by an antibody reaction to an antigen in the donor serum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delayed allergy", + "type IV allergic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allergic reaction that becomes apparent only hours after contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergy", + "allergic reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "allergia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity reaction to a particular allergen; symptoms can vary greatly in intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryesthesia", + "cryaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity to cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inappropriate and excessive reaction to an allergen (as pollen or dust or animal hair or certain foods); severity ranges from mild allergy to severe systemic reactions leading to anaphylactic shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphylaxis" + ], + "it": [ + "anafilassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity reaction to the ingestion or injection of a substance (a protein or drug) resulting from prior contact with a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathological sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergic rhinitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhinitis caused by an allergic reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eosinophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom of allergic states; increased eosinophils in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hay fever", + "pollinosis" + ], + "it": [ + "pollinosi", + "raffreddore da fieno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seasonal rhinitis resulting from an allergic reaction to pollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diathesis" + ], + "it": [ + "diatesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitutional predisposition to a particular disease or abnormality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactivity" + ], + "it": [ + "reattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ready susceptibility to chemical change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggestibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "susceptibility or responsiveness to suggestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wetness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of containing or being covered by a liquid (especially water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wateriness", + "muddiness", + "sloppiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wetness of ground that is covered or soaked with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moisture", + "wet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "umidità", + "vapore condensato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wetness caused by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humidity", + "humidness" + ], + "it": [ + "umidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wetness in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mugginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of warm humidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damp", + "dampness", + "moistness" + ], + "it": [ + "umidità", + "umido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight wetness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dankness", + "clamminess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpleasant wetness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rawness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chilly dampness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sogginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy wetness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dryness", + "waterlessness", + "xerotes" + ], + "it": [ + "aridità", + "asciuttezza", + "secco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of not containing or being covered by a liquid (especially water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydration", + "desiccation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dryness resulting from the removal of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drought", + "drouth" + ], + "it": [ + "arsura", + "secco", + "siccità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shortage of rainfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aridity", + "aridness", + "thirstiness" + ], + "it": [ + "aridità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency of moisture (especially when resulting from a permanent absence of rainfall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sereness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a withered dryness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xeroderma", + "xerodermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild form of ichthyosis characterized by abnormal dryness and roughness of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xeroderma pigmentosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare genetic condition characterized by an eruption of exposed skin occurring in childhood and photosensitivity with severe sunburn; inherited as a recessive autosomal trait in which DNA repair processes are defective so they are more likely to chromosome breaks and cancers when exposed to ultraviolet light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xerophthalmia", + "xerophthalmus", + "xeroma", + "conjunctivitis arida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eyes; may be due to a systemic deficiency of vitamin A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xerostomia", + "dry mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal dryness of the mouth resulting from decreased secretion of saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety" + ], + "it": [ + "incolumità", + "sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosafety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "safety from exposure to infectious agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risklessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "safety as a consequence of entailing no risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invulnerability", + "impregnability" + ], + "it": [ + "inattaccabilità", + "invulnerabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the strength to withstand attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being saved or preserved from harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security" + ], + "it": [ + "sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being free from danger or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace", + "public security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general security of public places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of freedom from fear or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indemnity", + "insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protection against future loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protection", + "shelter" + ], + "it": [ + "protezione", + "riparo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being protected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collective security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for international peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pax Romana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman peace; the long period of peace enforced on states in the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioprotection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protection against harmful effects of radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause of death", + "killer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the causal agent resulting in death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danger" + ], + "it": [ + "mala parata", + "malaparata", + "pericolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danger" + ], + "it": [ + "pericolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cause of pain or injury or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear and present danger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard for judging when freedom of speech can be abridged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazardousness", + "perilousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insecurity" + ], + "it": [ + "insicurezza", + "rischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being subject to danger or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazard", + "jeopardy", + "peril", + "risk", + "endangerment" + ], + "it": [ + "pericolo", + "rischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hazard to the health of those exposed to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biohazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hazard to humans or the environment resulting from biological agents or conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) the lack of any incentive to guard against a risk when you are protected against it (as by insurance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupational hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any condition of a job that can result in illness or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword of Damocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constant and imminent peril" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder keg" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione esplosiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potentially explosive state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menace", + "threat" + ], + "it": [ + "minaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is a source of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow peril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the threat to Western civilization said to arise from the power of Asiatic peoples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riskiness", + "peril" + ], + "it": [ + "pericolosità", + "rischiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of danger involving risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulnerability", + "exposure" + ], + "it": [ + "vulnerabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being vulnerable or exposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insecureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being exposed to risk or anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension", + "tensity", + "tenseness", + "tautness" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical condition of being stretched or strained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonicity", + "tonus", + "tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc. that facilitate response to stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catatonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme tonus; muscular rigidity; a common symptom in catatonic schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscular tonus", + "muscle tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal tonicity of the muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myotonia" + ], + "it": [ + "miotonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally long muscular contractions; slow relaxation of a muscle after a contraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acromyotonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myotonia of the extremities only; causes spastic deformity of the hand or foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myotonia congenita", + "Thomsen's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild, rare, congenital form of myotonia characterized by muscle stiffness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atonicity", + "atony", + "atonia", + "amyotonia" + ], + "it": [ + "atonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of normal muscular tension or tonus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laxness", + "laxity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being physiologically lax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition", + "shape" + ], + "it": [ + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitness", + "physical fitness" + ], + "it": [ + "forma fisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good physical condition; being in shape or in condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of fitness and good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal way of referring to the condition of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or condition free from damage or decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaworthiness", + "fitness" + ], + "it": [ + "navigabilità", + "idoneità alla navigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fitness to traverse the seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airworthiness" + ], + "it": [ + "idoneità al volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fitness to fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfitness", + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poor physical condition; being out of shape or out of condition (as from a life of ease and luxury)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infirmity", + "frailty", + "debility", + "feebleness", + "frailness", + "valetudinarianism" + ], + "it": [ + "debilitazione", + "fragilità", + "gracilità", + "infermità", + "mollezza", + "tenuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asthenia", + "astheny" + ], + "it": [ + "astenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal loss of strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachexia", + "cachexy", + "wasting" + ], + "it": [ + "cachessia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disability", + "disablement", + "handicap", + "impairment" + ], + "it": [ + "handicap", + "invalidità", + "menomazione", + "minorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disability of walking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disability that interferes with or prevents walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abasia trepidans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia due to trembling of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atactic abasia", + "ataxic abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia due to ataxia of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreic abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia related to abnormal movements of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralytic abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia related to paralysis of the leg muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paroxysmal trepidant abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia related to spasticity of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spastic abasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abasia due to spastic contractions of the leg muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lameness", + "limping", + "gimp", + "gimpiness", + "gameness", + "claudication" + ], + "it": [ + "claudicazione", + "zoppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disability of walking due to crippling of the legs or feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermittent claudication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lameness due to pain in leg muscles because the blood supply is inadequate; pain subsides with rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to stand due to muscular incoordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amputation" + ], + "it": [ + "mutilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of disability resulting from the loss of one or more limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any abnormality following or resulting from a disease or injury or treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing impairment", + "hearing disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment of the sense of hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deafness", + "hearing loss" + ], + "it": [ + "sordità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or complete loss of hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductive hearing loss", + "conduction deafness", + "middle-ear deafness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hearing loss due to problems with the bones of the middle ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperacusis", + "hyperacusia", + "auditory hyperesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal acuteness of hearing due to increased irritability of the sensory neural mechanism; characterized by intolerance for ordinary sound levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensorineural hearing loss", + "nerve deafness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hearing loss due to failure of the auditory nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone deafness", + "tin ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to distinguish differences in pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaf-mutism", + "deaf-muteness" + ], + "it": [ + "sordomutismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congenital deafness that results in inability to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutism", + "muteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being unable or unwilling to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analgesia" + ], + "it": [ + "analgesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment of the sense of smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anosmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of the sense of smell (as by damage to olfactory nasal tissue or the olfactory nerve or by obstruction of the nasal passages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyposmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessened sensitivity to odors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual impairment", + "visual defect", + "vision defect", + "visual disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "difetto della vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment of the sense of sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myopia", + "nearsightedness", + "shortsightedness" + ], + "it": [ + "miopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ophthalmology) eyesight abnormality resulting from the eye's faulty refractive ability; distant objects appear blurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astigmatism", + "astigmia" + ], + "it": [ + "astigmatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ophthalmology) impaired eyesight resulting usually from irregular conformation of the cornea; common in nearsighted people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sightlessness (especially because of a structural defect in or the absence of an eye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperopia", + "hypermetropia", + "hypermetropy", + "farsightedness", + "longsightedness" + ], + "it": [ + "ipermetropia", + "presbiopia", + "presbitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal condition in which vision for distant objects is better than for near objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemeralopia", + "day blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to see clearly in bright light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemianopia", + "hemianopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blindness in one half of the visual field of one or both eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrantanopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blindness in one fourth of the visual field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defect of vision in which objects appear to be distorted; usually due to a defect in the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nyctalopia", + "night blindness", + "moon blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to see clearly in dim light; due to a deficiency of vitamin A or to a retinal disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoretinitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage to the retina resulting from exposure of the eye to the sun without adequate protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presbyopia", + "farsightedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduced ability to focus on near objects caused by loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens after age 45" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of the optical properties of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anisometropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difference in the refractive power of the two eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of refractive power in the two eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowblindness", + "snow-blindness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary blindness caused by exposure to sunlight reflected from snow or ice" + ], + "it": [ + "ambliopia da riflesso della neve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinal detachment", + "detachment of the retina", + "detached retina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual impairment resulting from the retina becoming separated from the choroid in the back of the eye; treated by photocoagulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isolated area of diminished vision within the visual field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annular scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular scotoma surrounding the center of the field of vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scotoma that involves the fixation point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemianopic scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scotoma involving half of the visual field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paracentral scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scotoma that is adjacent to the fixation point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillating scotoma", + "flittering scotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a localized area of diminished vision edged by shimmering colored lights; in many people it indicates the onset of migraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunnel vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual impairment involving a loss of peripheral vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blindness due to loss of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figural blindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to see shapes and contours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strabismus", + "squint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal alignment of one or both eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walleye", + "divergent strabismus", + "exotropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strabismus in which one or both eyes are directed outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torticollis", + "wryneck" + ], + "it": [ + "torcicollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unnatural condition in which the head leans to one side because the neck muscles on that side are contracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysfunction", + "disfunction" + ], + "it": [ + "disfunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) any disturbance in the functioning of an organ or body part or a disturbance in the functioning of a social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralysis", + "palsy" + ], + "it": [ + "paralisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of the ability to move a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paresis" + ], + "it": [ + "paresi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight or partial paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraparesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight paralysis or weakness of both legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metroptosis", + "descensus uteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolapse of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephroptosis", + "nephroptosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolapse of the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptosis" + ], + "it": [ + "ptosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drooping of the upper eyelid caused by muscle paralysis and weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brow ptosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sagging eyebrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolapse", + "prolapsus", + "descensus" + ], + "it": [ + "prolasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slipping or falling out of place of an organ (as the uterus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraplegia" + ], + "it": [ + "pamplegia", + "paraplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of the lower half of the body (most often as a result of trauma)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemiplegia", + "unilateral paralysis" + ], + "it": [ + "emiplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of one side of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadriplegia" + ], + "it": [ + "tetraplegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paralysis of both arms and both legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoesthesia", + "hypesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment of tactile sensitivity; decrease of sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock-knee", + "genu valgum", + "tibia valga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inward slant of the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon toes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disability in which the toes are turned inward; often associated with knock-knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow leg", + "bow legs", + "bandy legs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outward curvature of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsoundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of damage or decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrepair" + ], + "it": [ + "cattivo stato", + "sfacelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in need of repairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior state resulting from the process of decaying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putrefaction", + "rot" + ], + "it": [ + "decomposizione", + "putredine", + "putrefazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of decay usually accompanied by an offensive odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putrescence", + "putridness", + "rottenness", + "corruption" + ], + "it": [ + "corruzione", + "decomposizione", + "putrido", + "putridume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a state of progressive putrefaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decomposition", + "disintegration" + ], + "it": [ + "decomposizione", + "putrefazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a decomposed state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disintegration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss (or serious disruption) of organization in some system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deterioration", + "impairment" + ], + "it": [ + "deperimento", + "deterioramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symptom of reduced quality or strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rancidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being rancid; having a rancid scent or flavor (as of old cooking oil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrosion" + ], + "it": [ + "corrosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deterioration in metals caused by oxidation or chemical action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devastation", + "desolation" + ], + "it": [ + "desolazione", + "devastazione", + "rovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being decayed or destroyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin", + "ruination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrepitude", + "dilapidation" + ], + "it": [ + "decrepitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deterioration due to old age or long use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear" + ], + "it": [ + "logoramento", + "logorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impairment resulting from long use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or condition being blighted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "destruction", + "death" + ], + "it": [ + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disgusting wickedness and immorality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impropriety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being improper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iniquity", + "wickedness", + "darkness", + "dark" + ], + "it": [ + "iniquità", + "nequizia", + "perversità", + "oscurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of moral or spiritual values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "illumination" + ], + "it": [ + "illuminazione", + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of spiritual awareness; divine illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any unwholesome or desperate condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revocation", + "annulment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being cancelled or annulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merchantability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being fit for market; ready to be bought or sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale" + ], + "it": [ + "compravendita", + "contratto di compravendita", + "vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinary hesitancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difficulty in beginning the flow of urine; associated with prostate enlargement in men and with narrowing of the urethral opening in women; may be caused by emotional stress in either men or women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult or awkward situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcoidosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic disease of unknown cause marked by the formation of nodules in the lungs and liver and lymph glands and salivary glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "localized scleroderma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scleroderma", + "dermatosclerosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autoimmune disease that affects the blood vessels and connective tissue; fibrous connective tissue is deposited in the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombocytopenic purpura", + "idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura", + "purpura hemorrhagica", + "Werlhof's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex-linked disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease or abnormality that is determined by the sex hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turner's syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromosomal disorder in females who have only one X chromosome; marked by dwarfism and heart abnormalities and underdeveloped sex organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinary tract infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any infection of any of the organs of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyelonephritis" + ], + "it": [ + "pielonefrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis caused by bacterial infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute pyelonephritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pyelonephritis resulting from the spread of a bladder infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotenemia", + "xanthemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess carotene in the blood stream; can cause the skin to turn a pale yellow or red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronic pyelonephritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pyelonephritis that develops slowly and can lead to renal failure if untreated; often associated with a kidney stone or with narrowing of the urinary passageways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nongonococcal urethritis", + "NGU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexually transmitted urethritis (usually caused by chlamydia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent watery mucus discharge from the nose (as in the common cold)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinosporidiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungal infection of the nose; often acquired while swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethritis" + ], + "it": [ + "uretrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the urethra; results in painful urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonspecific urethritis", + "NSU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflammation of the urethra of unknown cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodoku", + "spirillum fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of ratbite fever occurring in the Far East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stasis" + ], + "it": [ + "stasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal state in which the normal flow of a liquid (such as blood) is slowed or stopped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steatorrhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces which are frothy and foul smelling and floating; a symptom of disorders of fat metabolism and malabsorption syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stridor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whistling sound when breathing (usually heard on inspiration); indicates obstruction of the trachea or larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinnitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ringing or booming sensation in one or both ears; a symptom of an ear infection or Meniere's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most severe stage of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being serrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turgor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the normal rigid state of fullness of a cell or blood vessel or capillary resulting from pressure of the contents against the wall or membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shin splints" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful inflammation of the muscles around the shins; frequent among runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatolenticular degeneration", + "Wilson's disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism; copper accumulates in the liver and then in the red blood cells and brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homozygosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being homozygous; having two identical alleles of the same gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterozygosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being heterozygous; having two different alleles of the same gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neotony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state resulting when juvenile characteristics are retained by the adults of a species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plurality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being plural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyvalence", + "polyvalency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(toxicology) the state of being capable of counteracting more than one toxin or antigen or kind of microorganism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyvalence", + "polyvalency", + "multivalence", + "multivalency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the state of having a valence greater than two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphidiploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being amphidiploid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being diploid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being haploid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heteroploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being heteroploid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyploidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being polyploid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition in which an organism has two or more cell populations that differ in genetic makeup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphanage", + "orphanhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being a child without living parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kraurosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atrophy and shriveling of the skin or mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kraurosis vulvae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kraurosis of the vulva; often a precancerous lesion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligospermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insufficient spermatozoa in the semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenesmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful spasm of the anal sphincter along with an urgent desire to defecate without the significant production of feces; associated with irritable bowel syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having or being marked by stigmata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transsexualism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which a person assumes the identity and permanently acts the part of the gender opposite to his or her biological sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trismus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolonged spasm of the jaw muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uratemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid salts in the blood; symptom of gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uraturia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of abnormally large amounts of uric acid in the urine; symptom of gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ureterocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolapse of the end of the ureter into the bladder; may obstruct urine flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ureterostenosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stenosis of the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethrocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolapse of the urethra into the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uricaciduria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid in the urine; symptom of gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravasation of urine into the scrotal sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uropathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pathology of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varicocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilatation of the veins associated with the spermatic cord in the testes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varicosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathological condition of being varicose or having varicose veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varicosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "varix or varicose condition in which a vein is swollen and tortuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally enlarged or twisted blood vessel or lymphatic vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viremia", + "viraemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of a virus in the blood stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volvulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal twisting of the intestines (usually in the area of the ileum or sigmoid colon) resulting in intestinal obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual defect in which objects appear to have a yellowish hue; sometimes occurs in cases of jaundice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being formally forgiven by a priest in the sacrament of penance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being automatically operated or controlled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalization", + "brutalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being treated in a cruel and savage manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being strongly disapproved of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being treated like a god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being varied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exoneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being relieved from blame or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being made easy (or easier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frizz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being formed into small tight curls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of bearing fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being hidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being treated as a patient in a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertonia", + "hypertonus", + "hypertonicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of muscular tissue) the state of being hypertonic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypotonia", + "hypotonus", + "hypotonicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of muscular tissue) the state of being hypotonic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertonicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a solution) the extent to which a solution has a higher osmotic pressure than some other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypotonicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a solution) the extent to which a solution has a lower osmotic pressure than some other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having the identity (of a person or object) established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being pressed closely together and firmly fixed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionization", + "ionisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being dissociated into ions (as by heat or radiation or chemical reaction or electrical discharge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being exposed to radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leakiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of permitting leaks or leakage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubrication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having been made smooth or slippery by the application of a lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanization", + "mechanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having a highly technical implementation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being motivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition resembling that of a mummy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paternity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being (well or ill) preserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prognathism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being prognathous; the condition of having a projecting jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition naturally attaching to life in the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being coated or clogged with rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandalization", + "scandalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being shocked (as by improper behavior)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position in a hierarchy or organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively insignificant position from which future progress might be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of having submitted to control by someone or something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanization", + "urbanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "inurbamento", + "urbanizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition of being urbanized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utilization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of having been made use of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material of a particular kind or constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemical composition and properties of a substance or object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material", + "stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "materia", + "materiale", + "roba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ylem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the original matter that (according to the big bang theory) existed before the formation of the chemical elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) a hypothetical form of matter that is believed to make up 90 percent of the universe; it is invisible (does not absorb or emit light) and does not collide with atomic particles but exerts gravitational force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those making up normal substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micronutrient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance needed only in small amounts for normal body function (e.g., vitamins or minerals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosopher's stone", + "philosophers' stone", + "elixir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical substance that the alchemists believed to be capable of changing base metals into gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precursor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlogiston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical substance once believed to be present in all combustible materials and to be released during burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chyme" + ], + "it": [ + "chimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any gummy shapeless matter; usually unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impurity", + "dross" + ], + "it": [ + "impurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthless or dangerous material that should be removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) in the formation of a coordinate bond it is the compound to which electrons are donated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound formed by an addition reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinoid", + "actinide", + "actinon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of radioactive elements with atomic numbers 89 through 103" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergen" + ], + "it": [ + "allergene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that can cause an allergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is undergoing an analysis of its components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrogen", + "pyrectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that can cause a rise in body temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance characterized by its great flammability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldehyde" + ], + "it": [ + "aldeide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of highly reactive chemical compounds; used in making resins and dyes and organic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkapton", + "alcapton", + "homogentisic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid formed as an intermediate product of the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiknock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various compounds that are added to gasoline to reduce engine knocking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragweed pollen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollen of the ragweed plant is a common allergen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atom", + "molecule", + "particle", + "corpuscle", + "mote", + "speck" + ], + "it": [ + "atomo", + "briciolo", + "bruscolo", + "grano", + "molecola", + "particella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammunition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any nuclear or chemical or biological material that can be used as a weapon of mass destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floccule", + "floc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small loosely aggregated mass of flocculent material suspended in or precipitated from a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "HAZMAT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abbreviation for `hazardous material' used on warning signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixture" + ], + "it": [ + "miscela", + "misto", + "mistura", + "pastrocchio", + "mescolanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alloy", + "metal" + ], + "it": [ + "lega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botulinum toxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several neurotoxins that are produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum; causes muscle paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botulinum toxin A", + "Botox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurotoxin (trade name Botox) that is used clinically in small quantities to treat strabismus and facial spasms and other neurological disorders characterized by abnormal muscle contractions; is also used by cosmetic surgeons to smooth frown lines temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloid" + ], + "it": [ + "colloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture with properties between those of a solution and fine suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispersed phase", + "dispersed particles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of colloids) a substance in the colloidal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispersing phase", + "dispersion medium", + "dispersing medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of colloids) a substance in which another is colloidally dispersed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture whose components can be separated by mechanical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eutectic" + ], + "it": [ + "crioidrato", + "eutettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of substances having a minimum melting point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solution" + ], + "it": [ + "soluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqueous solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ringer's solution", + "Ringer solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aqueous solution containing the chlorides of sodium and potassium and calcium that is isotonic to animal tissues; used to correct dehydration and (in physiological experiments) as a medium for in vitro preparations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saline solution", + "saline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isotonic solution of sodium chloride and distilled water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyelectrolyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrolyte of high molecular weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gel", + "colloidal gel" + ], + "it": [ + "gel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloid in a more solid form than a sol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sol", + "colloidal solution", + "colloidal suspension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloid that has a continuous liquid phase in which a solid is suspended in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocolloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that forms a gel with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension" + ], + "it": [ + "sospensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture in which fine particles are suspended in a fluid where they are supported by buoyancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slurry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension of insoluble particles (as plaster of Paris or lime or clay etc.) usually in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resuspension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a renewed suspension of insoluble particles after they have been precipitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precipitated solid substance in suspension or after settling or filtering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sludge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the precipitate produced by sewage treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurotoxin that is deadly for humans; found in various marine algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene", + "ABS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of composite plastics used to make car bodies and cases for computers and other appliances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mylar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin polyester film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pina cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine cloth made from pineapple fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plasticine" + ], + "it": [ + "plastilina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic material resembling clay but remaining soft; used as a substitute for clay or wax in modeling (especially in schools)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic" + ], + "it": [ + "plastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasticizer", + "plasticiser" + ], + "it": [ + "plastificante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance added to plastics or other materials to make them more pliable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermoplastic", + "thermoplastic resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that softens when heated and hardens again when cooled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various thermoplastic resins used to make things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylic", + "acrylic resin", + "acrylate resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glassy thermoplastic; can be cast and molded or used in coatings and adhesives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymethyl methacrylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent plastic used as a substitute for glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucite", + "Perspex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent thermoplastic acrylic resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plexiglas", + "plexiglass" + ], + "it": [ + "plexiglas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light transparent weather resistant thermoplastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyethylene", + "polythene" + ], + "it": [ + "polietilene", + "politene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight thermoplastic; used especially in packaging and insulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetyl", + "acetyl group", + "acetyl radical", + "ethanoyl group", + "ethanoyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "acetile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acyl", + "acyl group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material such as sand or gravel used with cement and water to make concrete, mortar, or plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcohol group", + "alcohol radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemical group -OH" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldehyde group", + "aldehyde radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemical group -CHO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyvinyl acetate", + "PVA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vinyl polymer used especially in paints or adhesives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyvinyl chloride", + "PVC" + ], + "it": [ + "P.V.C.", + "cloruro di polivinile", + "polivinilcloruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer of vinyl chloride used instead of rubber in electric cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "styrene", + "cinnamene", + "phenylethylene", + "vinylbenzene" + ], + "it": [ + "stirolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless oily liquid; the monomer for polystyrene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polystyrene" + ], + "it": [ + "polistirene", + "polistirolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer of styrene; a rigid transparent thermoplastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Styrofoam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light resilient foam of polystyrene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermosetting compositions", + "thermosetting resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that hardens when heated and cannot be remolded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bakelite" + ], + "it": [ + "bachelite", + "bakelite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermosetting plastic used as electric insulators and for making plastic ware and telephone receivers etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teflon", + "polytetrafluoroethylene" + ], + "it": [ + "Teflon", + "politetrafluoroetilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material used to coat cooking utensils and in industrial applications where sticking is to be avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vinylite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various vinyl resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw material", + "staple" + ], + "it": [ + "materia prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feedstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the raw material that is required for some industrial process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that has been or is capable of being taken up by another substance by either absorption or adsorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorbent", + "sorbent material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that sorbs another substance; i.e. that has the capacity or tendency to take it up by either absorption or adsorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorbent material", + "absorbent" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material having capacity or tendency to absorb another substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that has been or is capable of being absorbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge" + ], + "it": [ + "spugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porous mass of interlacing fibers that forms the internal skeleton of various marine animals and usable to absorb water or any porous rubber or cellulose product similarly used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorber" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) material in a nuclear reactor that absorbs radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorbent cotton" + ], + "it": [ + "bambagia", + "ovatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton made absorbent by removal of the natural wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator used in reactions that involve precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adsorbent", + "adsorbent material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material having capacity or tendency to adsorb another substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adsorbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that has been or is capable of being adsorbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acaricide", + "acaracide" + ], + "it": [ + "acaricida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent used to kill mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acaroid resin", + "accaroid resin", + "accroides", + "accroides resin", + "accroides gum", + "gum accroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcohol-soluble resin from Australian trees; used in varnishes and in manufacturing paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetic acid", + "ethanoic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido acetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless pungent liquid widely used in manufacturing plastics and pharmaceuticals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three liquid acetates that are formed when acetic acid and glycerin are heated together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dilute solution of acetic acid that is used as a solvent (e.g. for a drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetate", + "ethanoate" + ], + "it": [ + "acetato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of acetic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane", + "DDT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insecticide that is also toxic to animals and humans; banned in the United States since 1972" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larvacide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insecticide that kills the larvae of insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead arsenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous white solid (Pb3[AsO4]2) used as an insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetraethyl lead", + "lead tetraethyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear oily poisonous liquid added to gasoline to prevent knocking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetone", + "propanone", + "dimethyl ketone" + ], + "it": [ + "acetone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simplest ketone; a highly inflammable liquid widely used as an organic solvent and as material for making plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetylene", + "ethyne", + "alkyne" + ], + "it": [ + "acetilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable gas used chiefly in welding and in organic synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adobe" + ], + "it": [ + "adobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clay from which adobe bricks are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agent Orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbicide used in the Vietnam War to defoliate forest areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alicyclic compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aliphatic compound that contains a ring of atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliphatic compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compound that is an alkane or alkene or alkyne or their derivative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkylbenzene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compound that has an alkyl group bound to a benzene ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkyl halide", + "haloalkane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compound in which halogen atoms have been substituted for hydrogen atoms in an alkane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amino acid", + "aminoalkanoic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "aminoacido", + "amminoacido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alanine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white clay (especially a white clay used by potters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pesticide or drug containing arsenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagine" + ], + "it": [ + "asparagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and in many plants (e.g., asparagus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspartic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canavanine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid found in the jack bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorobenzene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless volatile flammable liquid with an almond odor that is made from chlorine and benzene; used as a solvent and in the production of phenol and DDT and other organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorofluorocarbon", + "CFC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorocarbon with chlorine; formerly used as a refrigerant and as a propellant in aerosol cans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile", + "CS gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tear gas that is stronger than CN gas but wears off faster; can be deployed by grenades or cluster bombs; can cause skin burns and fatal pulmonary edema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroacetophenone", + "CN gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tear gas that is weaker than CS gas but lasts longer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of citric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrulline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cysteine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin); discovered in bladder stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamagnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that exhibits diamagnetism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organic compound containing two amino groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dopa", + "dihydroxyphenylalanine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amino acid that is formed in the liver and converted into dopamine in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "L-dopa", + "levodopa", + "Bendopa", + "Brocadopa", + "Larodopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa); as a drug it is used to treat Parkinson's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endonuclease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclease that cleaves nucleic acids at interior bonds and so produces fragments of various sizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom which in turn is doubly bonded to another carbon atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential amino acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exonuclease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time (serially) beginning at one of a nucleic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma aminobutyric acid", + "GABA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that is found in the central nervous system; acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutamic acid", + "glutaminic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid occurring in proteins; important in the nitrogen metabolism of plants; used in monosodium glutamate to enhance the flavor of meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutamine" + ], + "it": [ + "glutammina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutathione peroxidase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme in the body that is a powerful scavenger of free radicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxyproline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid obtained from gelatin or collagen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodoamino acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid with iodine added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid-base indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator that changes color on going from acidic to basic solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-linolenic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyunsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms; the only omega-3 fatty acid found in vegetable products; it is most abundant in canola oil; a fatty acid essential for nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-naphthol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomer of naphthol used in dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-naphthol test", + "Molisch's test", + "Molisch test", + "Molisch reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biochemical indicator of the presence of carbohydrates in a solution; if carbohydrates are present a violet ring is formed by reaction with alpha-naphthol in the presence of sulfuric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aromatic compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrocarbon containing one or more benzene rings that are characteristic of the benzene series of compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenate" + ], + "it": [ + "arseniato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of arsenic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid formed from arsenic pentoxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound of arsenic with a more positive element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerotic acid", + "hexacosanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white solid fatty acid found in waxes (such as beeswax)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorate" + ], + "it": [ + "clorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any salt of chloric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(HClO3) a strong unstable acid with an acrid odor found in chlorate salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorous acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(HClO2) a strongly oxidizing acid; known only in solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monobasic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid containing only one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibasic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibasic salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt derived by replacing two hydrogen atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribasic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid containing three replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tritium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of hydrogen; atoms of tritium have three times the mass of ordinary hydrogen atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrabasic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid containing four replaceable hydrogen atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulminic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(CNOH) an unstable acid occurring mainly in the form of explosive salts and esters that is isomeric with cyanic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline acid used to make azo dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal of relatively high density (specific gravity greater than about 5) or of high relative atomic weight (especially one that is poisonous like mercury or lead)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexanedioic acid", + "adipic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carboxylic acid used in the manufacture of nylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "HMG-CoA reductase", + "5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liver enzyme that is responsible for producing cholesterol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseradish peroxidase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme used in immunohistochemistry to label antigens and their antibodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrazoic acid", + "azoimide", + "hydrogen azide", + "HN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless explosive liquid that is volatile and poisonous and foul-smelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydriodic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(HI) a colorless or yellow aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrochlorofluorocarbon", + "HCFC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorocarbon that is replacing chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant and propellant in aerosol cans; considered to be somewhat less destructive to the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen cyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly poisonous gas or volatile liquid that smells like bitter almonds; becomes a gas at around 90 degree Fahrenheit and is most dangerous when inhaled; the anhydride of hydrocyanic acid; used in manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocyanic acid", + "prussic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido cianidrico", + "acido prussico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution of hydrogen cyanide in water; weak solutions are used in fumigating and in the synthesis of organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrolysate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product of hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxy acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any acid that has hydroxyl groups in addition to the hydroxyl group in the acid itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxybenzoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline derivative of benzoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochlorite" + ], + "it": [ + "ipoclorito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any salt or ester of hypochlorous acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyponitrous acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive white crystalline weak acid (H2N2O2)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypophosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline tetrabasic acid (H4P2O6)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypophosphorous acid", + "phosphorous acid", + "orthophosphorous acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear or yellow monobasic acid (H3PO2)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juniperic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline acid found in the exudations of some conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysergic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline acid often used in medical research; obtained from ergotic alkaloids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dibasic acid (H2MnO4) found only in solution and in manganate salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glassy solid acid ([HPO3]n) often used as a dehydrating agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of oxyacids of phosphorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrogallol", + "pyrogallic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic white lustrous crystalline phenol used to treat certain skin diseases and as a photographic developer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrophosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid acid formed by reactions of orthophosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrophosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of pyrophosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methacrylic acid", + "2-methylpropenoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated acid (C4H6O2) used to make resins and plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid acid (C6H10O8) found in milk or sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selenic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong acid (H2SeO4) analogous to sulfuric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suberic acid", + "octanedioic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicarboxylic acid found in cork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succinic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicarboxylic acid (C4H6O4) active in metabolic processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of sulphonic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfonic acid", + "sulphonic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid derived from sulphuric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white weak acid that is a hydrated form of titanium dioxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titanium dioxide", + "titanium oxide", + "titanic oxide", + "titania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powder used as a pigment for its high covering power and durability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulterant", + "adulterator" + ], + "it": [ + "adulterante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkyl", + "alkyl group", + "alkyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "alchile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of univalent groups of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allyl", + "allyl group", + "allyl radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent unsaturated organic radical C3H5; derived from propylene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amino", + "amino group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the radical -NH2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aminomethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a methyl with the hydrogen atom replaced by an amino radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anionic compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound characterized by an active anion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anionic detergent", + "anionic", + "non-ionic detergent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of synthetic detergents in which the molecules do not ionize in aqueous solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "alkali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal that is common and not considered precious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chemical compound composed of only two elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelate", + "chelate compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atom" + ], + "it": [ + "atomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isotope" + ], + "it": [ + "isotopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioisotope" + ], + "it": [ + "radioisotopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of an element; produced either naturally or artificially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope that is used in a compound in order to trace the mechanism of a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon have been replaced by bromine and other halogen atoms; very stable; used in fire extinguishers although it is thought to release bromine that depletes the ozone layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromoform", + "tribromomethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless liquid haloform CHBr3" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoroform", + "trifluoromethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless gas haloform CHF3 (similar to chloroform)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodoform", + "tri-iodomethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet smelling yellow solid haloform CHI3" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haloform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compounds with the formula CHX3, where X is a halogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) an atom having a valence of one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azido group", + "azido radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent group N3- derived from hydrazoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azo group", + "azo radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bivalent group -N=N- united to two hydrocarbon groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group", + "radical", + "chemical group" + ], + "it": [ + "radicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullerene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of carbon having a large molecule consisting of an empty cage of sixty or more carbon atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckminsterfullerene", + "buckyball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spheroidal fullerene; the first known example of a fullerene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon nanotube", + "nanotube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fullerene molecule having a cylindrical or toroidal shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzyl", + "benzyl group", + "benzyl radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent radical derived from toluene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoyl group", + "benzoyl radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent radical derived from benzoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical element", + "element" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento", + "elemento chimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter" + ], + "it": [ + "sostanza semplice costituita da atomi con uguale numero atomico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allotrope" + ], + "it": [ + "allotropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structurally different form of an element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transuranic element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any element having an atomic number greater than 92 (which is the atomic number of uranium); all are radioactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noble gas", + "inert gas", + "argonon" + ], + "it": [ + "gas inerte", + "gas nobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helium group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the series of inert gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rare earth", + "rare-earth element", + "lanthanoid", + "lanthanide", + "lanthanon" + ], + "it": [ + "lantanide", + "terre rare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any element of the lanthanide series (atomic numbers 57 through 71)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terbium metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate group of related lanthanides, including terbium, europium, gadolinium, and sometimes dysprosium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinide series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a series of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers from actinium to lawrencium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanthanide series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rare-earth elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71; having properties similar to lanthanum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallic element", + "metal" + ], + "it": [ + "metallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noble metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any metal that is resistant to corrosion or oxidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonmetal" + ], + "it": [ + "metalloide", + "non metallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical element lacking typical metallic properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transactinide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the artificially produced elements with atomic numbers greater than 103" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallized dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid dye in which the negative ion contains a chelated metal atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinium", + "Ac", + "atomic number 89" + ], + "it": [ + "attinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive element of the actinide series; found in uranium ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum", + "aluminium", + "Al", + "atomic number 13" + ], + "it": [ + "alluminio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alum", + "potassium alum", + "potash alum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the potassium double sulfate of aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alum", + "ammonia alum", + "ammonium alum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the ammonium double sulfate of aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "americium", + "Am", + "atomic number 95" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic metallic element; discovered by bombarding uranium with helium atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimony", + "Sb", + "atomic number 51" + ], + "it": [ + "antimonio", + "stibio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic element having four allotropic forms; used in a wide variety of alloys; found in stibnite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argon", + "Ar", + "atomic number 18" + ], + "it": [ + "argo", + "argon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenic", + "As", + "atomic number 33" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astatine", + "At", + "atomic number 85" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly unstable radioactive element (the heaviest of the halogen series); a decay product of uranium and thorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic compound derived from triazine that is widely used as an agricultural herbicide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium", + "Ba", + "atomic number 56" + ], + "it": [ + "bario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali earth group; found in barite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baryta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several compounds of barium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium hydroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white poisonous crystals; made by dissolving barium oxide in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium monoxide", + "barium oxide", + "barium protoxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide of barium; a whitish toxic powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium dioxide", + "barium peroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white toxic powder obtained by heating barium oxide in air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base pair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berkelium", + "Bk", + "atomic number 97" + ], + "it": [ + "berchelio", + "berkelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding americium with helium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beryllium", + "Be", + "glucinium", + "atomic number 4" + ], + "it": [ + "berillio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light strong brittle grey toxic bivalent metallic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bismuth", + "Bi", + "atomic number 83" + ], + "it": [ + "bismuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy brittle diamagnetic trivalent metallic element (resembles arsenic and antimony chemically); usually recovered as a by-product from ores of other metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bohrium", + "Bh", + "element 107", + "atomic number 107" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boron", + "B", + "atomic number 5" + ], + "it": [ + "boro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent metalloid element; occurs both in a hard black crystal and in the form of a yellow or brown powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromine", + "Br", + "atomic number 35" + ], + "it": [ + "bromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadmium", + "Cd", + "atomic number 48" + ], + "it": [ + "cadmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft bluish-white ductile malleable toxic bivalent metallic element; occurs in association with zinc ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium", + "Ca", + "atomic number 20" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust; an important component of most plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "californium", + "Cf", + "atomic number 98" + ], + "it": [ + "californio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding curium with alpha particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon", + "C", + "atomic number 6" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon atom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atom of carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiocarbon", + "carbon 14" + ], + "it": [ + "radiocarbonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerium", + "Ce", + "atomic number 58" + ], + "it": [ + "cerio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ductile grey metallic element of the lanthanide series; used in lighter flints; the most abundant of the rare-earth group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cesium", + "caesium", + "Cs", + "atomic number 55" + ], + "it": [ + "cesio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silver-white ductile metallic element (liquid at normal temperatures); the most electropositive and alkaline metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cesium 137" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of cesium used in radiation therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorine", + "Cl", + "atomic number 17" + ], + "it": [ + "cloro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiochlorine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromium", + "Cr", + "atomic number 24" + ], + "it": [ + "cromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brittle multivalent metallic element; resistant to corrosion and tarnishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobalt", + "Co", + "atomic number 27" + ], + "it": [ + "cobalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard ferromagnetic silver-white bivalent or trivalent metallic element; a trace element in plant and animal nutrition" + ], + "it": [ + "metallo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobalt 60" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of cobalt with mass number 60; a source of exceptionally intense gamma rays; used in radiation therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper", + "Cu", + "atomic number 29" + ], + "it": [ + "rame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curium", + "Cm", + "atomic number 96" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic metallic element; produced by bombarding plutonium with helium nuclei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darmstadtium", + "Ds", + "element 110", + "atomic number 110" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dubnium", + "Db", + "hahnium", + "element 105", + "atomic number 105" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysprosium", + "Dy", + "atomic number 66" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; forms compounds that are highly magnetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "einsteinium", + "Es", + "E", + "atomic number 99" + ], + "it": [ + "E", + "Es", + "einsteinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erbium", + "Er", + "atomic number 68" + ], + "it": [ + "erbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs with yttrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "europium", + "Eu", + "atomic number 63" + ], + "it": [ + "europio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bivalent and trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fermium", + "Fm", + "atomic number 100" + ], + "it": [ + "fermio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic metallic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorine", + "F", + "atomic number 9" + ], + "it": [ + "F", + "fluoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "francium", + "Fr", + "atomic number 87" + ], + "it": [ + "francio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive element of the alkali-metal group discovered as a disintegration product of actinium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadolinium", + "Gd", + "atomic number 64" + ], + "it": [ + "gadolinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ductile silvery-white ductile ferromagnetic trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallium", + "Ga", + "atomic number 31" + ], + "it": [ + "gallio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare silvery (usually trivalent) metallic element; brittle at low temperatures but liquid above room temperature; occurs in trace amounts in bauxite and zinc ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germanium", + "Ge", + "atomic number 32" + ], + "it": [ + "germanio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle grey crystalline element that is a semiconducting metalloid (resembling silicon) used in transistors; occurs in germanite and argyrodite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold", + "Au", + "atomic number 79" + ], + "it": [ + "oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "18-karat gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy that contains 75 per cent gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "22-karat gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy that contains 87 per cent gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "24-karat gold", + "pure gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "100 per cent gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hafnium", + "Hf", + "atomic number 72" + ], + "it": [ + "afnio", + "hafnio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey tetravalent metallic element that resembles zirconium chemically and is found in zirconium minerals; used in filaments for its ready emission of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hassium", + "Hs", + "element 108", + "atomic number 108" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helium", + "He", + "atomic number 2" + ], + "it": [ + "elio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holmium", + "Ho", + "atomic number 67" + ], + "it": [ + "holmio", + "olmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs together with yttrium; forms highly magnetic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen", + "H", + "atomic number 1" + ], + "it": [ + "idrogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen atom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atom of hydrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidic hydrogen", + "acid hydrogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrogen atom in an acid that forms a positive ion when the acid dissociates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deuterium", + "heavy hydrogen" + ], + "it": [ + "deuterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isotope of hydrogen which has one neutron (as opposed to zero neutrons in hydrogen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indium", + "In", + "atomic number 49" + ], + "it": [ + "indio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare soft silvery metallic element; occurs in small quantities in sphalerite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodine", + "iodin", + "I", + "atomic number 53" + ], + "it": [ + "iodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodine-131" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy radioactive isotope of iodine with a half-life of 8 days; used in a sodium salt to diagnose thyroid disease and to treat goiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodine-125" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light radioactive isotope of iodine with a half-life of 60 days; used as a tracer in thyroid studies and as a treatment for hyperthyroidism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridium", + "Ir", + "atomic number 77" + ], + "it": [ + "Ir", + "iridio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy brittle metallic element of the platinum group; used in alloys; occurs in natural alloys with platinum or osmium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron", + "Fe", + "atomic number 26" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood" + ], + "it": [ + "metallo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krypton", + "Kr", + "atomic number 36" + ], + "it": [ + "cripto", + "crypto", + "krypton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; occurs in trace amounts in air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanthanum", + "La", + "atomic number 57" + ], + "it": [ + "lantanio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawrencium", + "Lr", + "atomic number 103" + ], + "it": [ + "laurencio", + "laurenzio", + "lorenzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element synthesized from californium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "Pb", + "atomic number 82" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft heavy toxic malleable metallic element; bluish white when freshly cut but tarnishes readily to dull grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithium", + "Li", + "atomic number 3" + ], + "it": [ + "litio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silver-white univalent element of the alkali metal group; the lightest metal known; occurs in several minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lutetium", + "lutecium", + "Lu", + "atomic number 71" + ], + "it": [ + "cassiopeio", + "cassiopeo", + "lutezio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; usually occurs in association with yttrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium", + "Mg", + "atomic number 12" + ], + "it": [ + "magnesio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light silver-white ductile bivalent metallic element; in pure form it burns with brilliant white flame; occurs naturally only in combination (as in magnesite and dolomite and carnallite and spinel and olivine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganese", + "Mn", + "atomic number 25" + ], + "it": [ + "manganese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brittle grey polyvalent metallic element that resembles iron but is not magnetic; used in making steel; occurs in many minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meitnerium", + "Mt", + "element 109", + "atomic number 109" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mendelevium", + "Md", + "Mv", + "atomic number 101" + ], + "it": [ + "Md", + "mendelevio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element synthesized by bombarding einsteinium with alpha particles (Md is the current symbol for mendelevium but Mv was formerly the symbol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury", + "quicksilver", + "hydrargyrum", + "Hg", + "atomic number 80" + ], + "it": [ + "mercurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molybdenum", + "Mo", + "atomic number 42" + ], + "it": [ + "molibdeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyvalent metallic element that resembles chromium and tungsten in its properties; used to strengthen and harden steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neodymium", + "Nd", + "atomic number 60" + ], + "it": [ + "neodimio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs in monazite and bastnasite in association with cerium and lanthanum and praseodymium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neon", + "Ne", + "atomic number 10" + ], + "it": [ + "neo", + "neon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neptunium", + "Np", + "atomic number 93" + ], + "it": [ + "ausonio", + "nettunio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic metallic element; found in trace amounts in uranium ores; a by-product of the production of plutonium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel", + "Ni", + "atomic number 28" + ], + "it": [ + "nichel", + "nichelio", + "nickel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard malleable ductile silvery metallic element that is resistant to corrosion; used in alloys; occurs in pentlandite and smaltite and garnierite and millerite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niobium", + "Nb", + "atomic number 41" + ], + "it": [ + "Nb", + "niobio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft grey ductile metallic element used in alloys; occurs in niobite; formerly called columbium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbium" + ], + "it": [ + "columbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former name for niobium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen", + "N", + "atomic number 7" + ], + "it": [ + "azoto", + "nitrogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete name for nitrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nobelium", + "No", + "atomic number 102" + ], + "it": [ + "nobelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element synthesized by bombarding curium with carbon ions; 7 isotopes are known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osmium", + "Os", + "atomic number 76" + ], + "it": [ + "osmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brittle blue-grey or blue-black metallic element that is one of the platinum metals; the heaviest metal known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygen", + "O", + "atomic number 8" + ], + "it": [ + "ossigeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid oxygen", + "LOX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bluish translucent magnetic liquid obtained by compressing gaseous oxygen and then cooling it below its boiling point; used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palladium", + "Pd", + "atomic number 46" + ], + "it": [ + "palladio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver-white metallic element of the platinum group that resembles platinum; occurs in some copper and nickel ores; does not tarnish at ordinary temperatures and is used (alloyed with gold) in jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic substance that is fluorescent or phosphorescent; used to coat the screens of cathode ray tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphorus", + "P", + "atomic number 15" + ], + "it": [ + "fosforo", + "p" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platinum", + "Pt", + "atomic number 78" + ], + "it": [ + "platino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy precious metallic element; grey-white and resistant to corroding; occurs in some nickel and copper ores and is also found native in some deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plutonium", + "Pu", + "atomic number 94" + ], + "it": [ + "plutonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid silvery grey radioactive transuranic element whose atoms can be split when bombarded with neutrons; found in minute quantities in uranium ores but is usually synthesized in nuclear reactors; 13 isotopes are known with the most important being plutonium 239" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plutonium 239" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly fissionable isotope of plutonium that is used in atomic weapons and as a reactor fuel; produced by irradiating uranium 238 with slow electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weapons plutonium", + "weapon-grade plutonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plutonium 239 that is recovered when nuclear weapons are disassembled; it is stored in plutonium pits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polonium", + "Po", + "atomic number 84" + ], + "it": [ + "polonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive metallic element that is similar to tellurium and bismuth; occurs in uranium ores but can be produced by bombarding bismuth with neutrons in a nuclear reactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium", + "K", + "atomic number 19" + ], + "it": [ + "potassio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light soft silver-white metallic element of the alkali metal group; oxidizes rapidly in air and reacts violently with water; is abundant in nature in combined forms occurring in sea water and in carnallite and kainite and sylvite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praseodymium", + "Pr", + "atomic number 59" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft yellowish-white trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; can be recovered from bastnasite or monazite by an ion-exchange process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promethium", + "Pm", + "atomic number 61" + ], + "it": [ + "prometeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery metallic element of the rare earth group having no stable isotope; was discovered in radioactive form as a fission product of uranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protactinium", + "protoactinium", + "Pa", + "atomic number 91" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-lived radioactive metallic element formed from uranium and disintegrating into actinium and then into lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radium", + "Ra", + "atomic number 88" + ], + "it": [ + "radio", + "radium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intensely radioactive metallic element that occurs in minute amounts in uranium ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radon", + "Rn", + "atomic number 86" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhenium", + "Re", + "atomic number 75" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare heavy polyvalent metallic element that resembles manganese chemically and is used in some alloys; is obtained as a by-product in refining molybdenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhodium", + "Rh", + "atomic number 45" + ], + "it": [ + "rodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white hard metallic element that is one of the platinum group and is found in platinum ores; used in alloys with platinum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roentgenium", + "Rg", + "element 111", + "atomic number 111" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubidium", + "Rb", + "atomic number 37" + ], + "it": [ + "rubidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali metal group; burns in air and reacts violently in water; occurs in carnallite and lepidolite and pollucite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruthenium", + "Ru", + "atomic number 44" + ], + "it": [ + "rutenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare polyvalent metallic element of the platinum group; it is found associated with platinum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i113999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rutherfordium", + "Rf", + "unnilquadium", + "Unq", + "element 104", + "atomic number 104" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element which has been synthesized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samarium", + "Sm", + "atomic number 62" + ], + "it": [ + "samario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey lustrous metallic element of the rare earth group; is used in special alloys; occurs in monazite and bastnasite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandium", + "Sc", + "atomic number 21" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white trivalent metallic element; sometimes classified in the rare earth group; occurs in the Scandinavian mineral thortveitite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaborgium", + "Sg", + "element 106", + "atomic number 106" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selenium", + "Se", + "atomic number 34" + ], + "it": [ + "selenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic nonmetallic element related to sulfur and tellurium; occurs in several allotropic forms; a stable grey metallike allotrope conducts electricity better in the light than in the dark and is used in photocells; occurs in sulfide ores (as pyrite)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicon", + "Si", + "atomic number 14" + ], + "it": [ + "silicio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver", + "Ag", + "atomic number 47" + ], + "it": [ + "argento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium", + "Na", + "atomic number 11" + ], + "it": [ + "sodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strontium", + "Sr", + "atomic number 38" + ], + "it": [ + "stronzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element of the alkali metal group; turns yellow in air; occurs in celestite and strontianite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strontium 90" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive isotope of strontium (with the mass number 90) that is present in the fallout from nuclear explosions; can be assimilated like calcium into bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfur", + "S", + "sulphur", + "atomic number 16" + ], + "it": [ + "zolfo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abundant tasteless odorless multivalent nonmetallic element; best known in yellow crystals; occurs in many sulphide and sulphate minerals and even in native form (especially in volcanic regions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tantalum", + "Ta", + "atomic number 73" + ], + "it": [ + "tantalio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard grey lustrous metallic element that is highly resistant to corrosion; occurs in niobite and fergusonite and tantalite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taurine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline substance obtained from the bile of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technetium", + "Tc", + "atomic number 43" + ], + "it": [ + "tecneto", + "tecnezio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline metallic element not found in nature; occurs as one of the fission products of uranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tellurium", + "Te", + "atomic number 52" + ], + "it": [ + "tellurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle silver-white metalloid element that is related to selenium and sulfur; it is used in alloys and as a semiconductor; occurs mainly as tellurides in ores of copper and nickel and silver and gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terbium", + "Tb", + "atomic number 65" + ], + "it": [ + "terbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic element of the rare earth group; used in lasers; occurs in apatite and monazite and xenotime and ytterbite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thallium", + "Tl", + "atomic number 81" + ], + "it": [ + "tallio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft grey malleable metallic element that resembles tin but discolors on exposure to air; it is highly toxic and is used in rodent and insect poisons; occurs in zinc blende and some iron ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorium", + "Th", + "atomic number 90" + ], + "it": [ + "torio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery-white tetravalent radioactive metallic element; isotope 232 is used as a power source in nuclear reactors; occurs in thorite and in monazite sands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorium-228", + "radiothorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive isotope of thorium with mass number 228" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thulium", + "Tm", + "atomic number 69" + ], + "it": [ + "tulio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery metallic element of the rare earth group; isotope 170 emits X-rays and is used in small portable X-ray machines; it occurs in monazite and apatite and xenotime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin", + "Sn", + "atomic number 50" + ], + "it": [ + "stagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery malleable metallic element that resists corrosion; used in many alloys and to coat other metals to prevent corrosion; obtained chiefly from cassiterite where it occurs as tin oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titanium", + "Ti", + "atomic number 22" + ], + "it": [ + "titanio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tungsten", + "wolfram", + "W", + "atomic number 74" + ], + "it": [ + "tungsteno", + "volframio", + "wolframio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ununbium", + "Uub", + "element 112", + "atomic number 112" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ununhexium", + "Uuh", + "element 116", + "atomic number 116" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ununpentium", + "Uup", + "element 115", + "atomic number 115" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ununquadium", + "Uuq", + "element 114", + "atomic number 114" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ununtrium", + "Uut", + "element 113", + "atomic number 113" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive transuranic element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranium", + "U", + "atomic number 92" + ], + "it": [ + "uranio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy toxic silvery-white radioactive metallic element; occurs in many isotopes; used for nuclear fuels and nuclear weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranium 235" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a uranium isotope with mass number 235; capable of sustaining chain reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranium 238" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commonest isotope of uranium; it is not fissionable but when irradiated with neutrons it produces fissionable plutonium 239" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanadium", + "V", + "atomic number 23" + ], + "it": [ + "vanadio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery white toxic metallic element used in steel alloys; it occurs in several complex minerals including carnotite and vanadinite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xenon", + "Xe", + "atomic number 54" + ], + "it": [ + "xeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earth's atmosphere in trace amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ytterbium", + "Yb", + "atomic number 70" + ], + "it": [ + "Yb", + "itterbio", + "ytterbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft silvery metallic element; a rare earth of the lanthanide series; it occurs in gadolinite and monazite and xenotime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yttrium", + "Y", + "atomic number 39" + ], + "it": [ + "Y", + "ittrio", + "yttrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc", + "Zn", + "atomic number 30" + ], + "it": [ + "zinco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bluish-white lustrous metallic element; brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable when heated; used in a wide variety of alloys and in galvanizing iron; it occurs naturally as zinc sulphide in zinc blende" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zirconium", + "Zr", + "atomic number 40" + ], + "it": [ + "zirconio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lustrous grey strong metallic element resembling titanium; it is used in nuclear reactors as a neutron absorber; it occurs in baddeleyite but is obtained chiefly from zircon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral" + ], + "it": [ + "minerale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ader wax", + "earth wax", + "mineral wax", + "ozokerite", + "ozocerite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waxy mineral that is a mixture of hydrocarbons and occurs in association with petroleum; some varieties are used in making ceresin and candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alabaster" + ], + "it": [ + "alabastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact fine-textured, usually white gypsum used for carving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alabaster", + "oriental alabaster", + "onyx marble", + "Mexican onyx" + ], + "it": [ + "alabastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard compact kind of calcite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amblygonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or grey mineral consisting of lithium aluminum phosphate; a source of lithium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral or mineral variety belonging to the amphibole group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibole group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of minerals with similar crystal structures containing a silicate chain and combinations of chiefly sodium and calcium and magnesium and iron and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metamorphic rock composed chiefly of amphibole and plagioclase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apatite" + ], + "it": [ + "apatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common complex mineral consisting of calcium fluoride phosphate or calcium chloride phosphate; a source of phosphorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aragonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral form of crystalline calcium carbonate; dimorphic with calcite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argentite" + ], + "it": [ + "argentite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valuable silver ore consisting of silver sulfide (Ag2S)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argillite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock differing from shale in being bound by silica and from slate in having no slate cleavages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argyrodite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare steel-grey mineral consisting of silver and germanium and sulfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenopyrite", + "mispickel" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenopirite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver-white or grey ore of arsenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asphalt", + "mineral pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "asfalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark bituminous substance found in natural beds and as residue from petroleum distillation; consists mainly of hydrocarbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark-green to black glassy mineral of the pyroxene group containing large amounts of aluminum and iron and magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azurite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue carbonate of copper; blue malachite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baddeleyite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of zirconium oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastnasite", + "bastnaesite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow-to-brown mineral that is a source of rare earth elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bauxite" + ], + "it": [ + "baussite", + "bauxite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clay-like mineral; the chief ore of aluminum; composed of aluminum oxides and aluminum hydroxides; used as an abrasive and catalyst" + ], + "it": [ + "miscuglio di minerali da cui si estrae l'alluminio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beryl" + ], + "it": [ + "berillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief source of beryllium; colored transparent varieties are valued as gems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biotite" + ], + "it": [ + "biotite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown to black mica found in igneous and metamorphic rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone black", + "bone char", + "animal black", + "animal charcoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black substance containing char in the form of carbonized bone; used as a black pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borax" + ], + "it": [ + "borace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ore of boron consisting of hydrated sodium borate; used as a flux or cleansing agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bornite", + "peacock ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of sulfides of copper and iron that is found in copper deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnallite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or reddish mineral consisting of hydrous chlorides of potassium and magnesium; used as a fertilizer and as a source of potassium and magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnotite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow radioactive mineral; an ore of uranium and radium and vanadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caspase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of proteases that mediate apoptosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassiterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard heavy dark mineral that is the chief source of tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of strontium sulphate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerussite", + "white lead ore" + ], + "it": [ + "cerussite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of lead carbonate that is an important source of lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalcocite", + "copper glance" + ], + "it": [ + "calcocite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy grey mineral that is an ore of copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalcopyrite", + "copper pyrites" + ], + "it": [ + "calcopirite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow copper ore (CuFeS2) made up of copper and iron sulfide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "china clay", + "china stone", + "kaolin", + "kaoline", + "porcelain clay", + "terra alba" + ], + "it": [ + "caolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine usually white clay formed by the weathering of aluminous minerals (as feldspar); used in ceramics and as an absorbent and as a filler (e.g., in paper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generally green or black mineral; it occurs as a constituent of many rocks typically in the form of a flat crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromite" + ], + "it": [ + "cromite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brownish-black mineral; the major source of chromium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound that can be converted to a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysoberyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare hard yellow green mineral consisting of beryllium aluminate in crystal form; used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnabar" + ], + "it": [ + "cinabro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy reddish mineral consisting of mercuric sulfide; the chief source of mercury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobalt blue", + "cobalt ultramarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish-blue pigment consisting essentially of cobalt oxide and alumina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobaltite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare silvery-white mineral; important ore of cobalt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium chloride", + "common salt" + ], + "it": [ + "cloruro di sodio", + "salgemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline solid consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halite", + "rock salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naturally occurring crystalline sodium chloride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbite-tantalite", + "coltan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valuable black mineral combining niobite and tantalite; used in cell phones and computer chips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordierite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue mineral of magnesium and iron and aluminum and silicon and oxygen; often used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corundom", + "corundum" + ], + "it": [ + "corindone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hard mineral used as an abrasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cristobalite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral consisting of silica; found in volcanic rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare lead chromite mineral that forms bright orange crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryolite", + "Greenland spar" + ], + "it": [ + "criolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral consisting of fluorides of aluminum and sodium; a source of fluorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuprite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of cuprous oxide that is a source of copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a waxy transparent material that occurs in the cuticle of plants and consists of highly polymerized esters of fatty acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damourite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of muscovite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolomite", + "bitter spar" + ], + "it": [ + "dolomite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light colored mineral consisting of calcium magnesium carbonate; a source of magnesium; used as a ceramic and as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth color" + ], + "it": [ + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored mineral used as a pigment" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi sostanza incoerente o polverulenta ricavata dal suolo e usata come pigmento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emery" + ], + "it": [ + "smeriglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard grey-black mineral consisting of corundum and either hematite or magnetite; used as an abrasive (especially as a coating on paper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulsifier" + ], + "it": [ + "emulsionante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface-active agent that promotes the formation of an emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "emulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a colloid in which both phases are liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythrite", + "cobalt bloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish mineral consisting of hydrated cobalt arsenate in monoclinic crystalline form and used in coloring glass; usually found in veins bearing cobalt and arsenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fergusonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark mineral consisting of oxides of yttrium and erbium and tantalum and other minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorapatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of apatite in which fluorine predominates over chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorite", + "fluorspar", + "fluor" + ], + "it": [ + "fluorina", + "fluorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft mineral (calcium fluoride) that is fluorescent in ultraviolet light; chief source of fluorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadolinite", + "ytterbite" + ], + "it": [ + "gadolinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral that is a source of rare earths; consists of silicates of iron and beryllium and cerium and yttrium and erbium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galena" + ], + "it": [ + "galena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft blue-grey mineral; lead sulfide; a major source of lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnet" + ], + "it": [ + "granata", + "granato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of hard glassy minerals (silicates of various metals) used as gemstones and as an abrasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnierite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green mineral consisting of hydrated nickel magnesium silicate; a source of nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almandite", + "almandine" + ], + "it": [ + "almandino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep red garnet consisting of iron aluminum silicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare reddish-grey mineral consisting of a copper iron germanium sulfide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gypsum or plaster of Paris spread on a surface to make it suitable for painting or gilding (or a surface so prepared)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibbsite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white crystalline mineral consisting of aluminum hydroxide; a constituent of bauxite and a source of alumina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glauconite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green mineral consisting of hydrated silicate of potassium or iron or magnesium or aluminum; found in greensand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goethite", + "gothite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red or yellow or brown mineral; an oxide of iron that is a common constituent of rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greaves", + "crackling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residue that remains after animal fat has been rendered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenockite", + "cadmium sulphide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ore of cadmium; a rare yellowish mineral consisting of cadmium sulphide in crystalline form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gypsum" + ], + "it": [ + "gesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common white or colorless mineral (hydrated calcium sulphate) used to make cements and plasters (especially plaster of Paris)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hausmannite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of manganese tetroxide; a source of manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy spar", + "barite", + "barytes", + "barium sulphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or colorless mineral (BaSO4); the main source of barium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemimorphite", + "calamine" + ], + "it": [ + "calamina", + "emimorfite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral; a common ore of zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilmenite" + ], + "it": [ + "ilmenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weakly magnetic black mineral found in metamorphic and plutonic rocks; an iron titanium oxide in crystalline form; a source of titanium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jadeite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard green mineral consisting of sodium aluminum silicate in monoclinic crystalline form; a source of jade; found principally in Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kainite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral consisting of magnesium sulphate and potassium chloride; a source of potassium salts; used as a fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaolinite" + ], + "it": [ + "caolinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of aluminum silicate; main source of kaolin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kernite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light soft mineral consisting of hydrated sodium borate in crystalline form; an important source of boron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kieserite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral consisting of hydrous magnesium sulfate often found in salt mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kyanite", + "cyanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey or greenish-blue mineral consisting of aluminum silicate in crystalline form; occurs in metaphoric rock, used as a refractory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of lactic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "langbeinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of potassium magnesium double sulphate; used as a fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecithin" + ], + "it": [ + "lecitina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow phospholipid essential for the metabolism of fats; found in egg yolk and in many plant and animal cells; used commercially as an emulsifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral of the mica group; an important source of lithium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidomelane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mica that is a biotite containing iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesite" + ], + "it": [ + "magnesite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white mineral consisting of magnesium carbonate; a source of magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malachite" + ], + "it": [ + "malachite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green or blue mineral used as an ore of copper and for making ornamental objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maltha", + "mineral tar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick black tar intermediate between petroleum and asphalt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganese tetroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide of manganese found naturally as hausmannite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganite" + ], + "it": [ + "manganite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black mineral consisting of basic manganese oxide; a source of manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marl" + ], + "it": [ + "marna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose and crumbling earthy deposit consisting mainly of calcite or dolomite; used as a fertilizer for soils deficient in lime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meerschaum", + "sepiolite" + ], + "it": [ + "sepiolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white clayey mineral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mica", + "isinglass" + ], + "it": [ + "mica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various minerals consisting of hydrous silicates of aluminum or potassium etc. that crystallize in forms that allow perfect cleavage into very thin leaves; used as dielectrics because of their resistance to electricity" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di minerali componenti di molte rocce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millerite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow mineral consisting of nickel sulfide; a minor source of nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecule" + ], + "it": [ + "molecola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molybdenite" + ], + "it": [ + "molibdenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral resembling graphite that is valued as the chief source of molybdenum and its compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monazite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish-brown mineral containing rare earth metals; an important source of thorium and cerium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscovite" + ], + "it": [ + "muscovite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless or pale brown mica with potassium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nepheline", + "nephelite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whitish mineral consisting of sodium aluminum silicate or potassium aluminum silicate in crystalline form; used in the manufacture of ceramics and enamels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephelinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an igneous rock consisting of nepheline and pyroxene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibole mineral consisting of calcium magnesium silicate in monoclinic crystalline form; a source of jade that is less valuable than from jadeite; once believed to cure kidney disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niobite", + "columbite" + ], + "it": [ + "columbite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black mineral that is an ore of niobium and tantalum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrocalcite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mineral form of calcium nitrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olivine" + ], + "it": [ + "olivina", + "peridoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of magnesium iron silicate; a source of magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olivenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare green to black mineral consisting of hydrated copper arsenate that is found in copper deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozonide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of unstable chemical compounds resulting from the addition of ozone to a double bond in an unsaturated compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perchlorate" + ], + "it": [ + "perclorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of perchloric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perchloric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful oxidizing agent; forms perchlorates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that is found in many proteins (especially collagen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biomass" + ], + "it": [ + "biomassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant materials and animal waste used as fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butane" + ], + "it": [ + "butano", + "liquigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurs in natural gas; used in the manufacture of rubber and fuels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "char" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charred substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal", + "wood coal" + ], + "it": [ + "carbone", + "carbone di legna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas illuminante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gaseous mixture produced by distillation of bituminous coal and used for heating and lighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coal gas manufactured for domestic and industrial use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coke" + ], + "it": [ + "carbone coke", + "coke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbon fuel produced by distillation of coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diesel oil", + "diesel fuel" + ], + "it": [ + "gasolio", + "nafta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy mineral oil used as fuel in diesel engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diesel oil used in cars and lorries with diesel engines; from d(iesel) e(ngine) r(oad) v(ehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fuel that is burning and is used as a means for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossil fuel" + ], + "it": [ + "combustibile fossile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fuel consisting of the remains of organisms preserved in rocks in the earth's crust with high carbon and hydrogen content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel oil", + "heating oil" + ], + "it": [ + "nafta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petroleum product used for fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasoline substitute consisting of 90% gasoline and 10% grain alcohol from corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasoline", + "gasolene", + "gas", + "petrol" + ], + "it": [ + "benzina", + "carburante", + "gasolina", + "gazolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaded gasoline", + "leaded petrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gasoline treated with a lead compound to reduce motor knocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illuminant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that can serve as a source of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kerosene", + "kerosine", + "lamp oil", + "coal oil" + ], + "it": [ + "cherosene", + "kerosene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable hydrocarbon oil used as fuel in lamps and heaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methanol", + "methyl alcohol", + "wood alcohol", + "wood spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "metanolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light volatile flammable poisonous liquid alcohol; used as an antifreeze and solvent and fuel and as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear fuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fuel (such as uranium) that can be used in nuclear reactors as a source of electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opal" + ], + "it": [ + "opala", + "opale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral that contains metal that is valuable enough to be mined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oroide", + "oreide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alloy of copper and tin and zinc; used in imitation gold jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orpiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow mineral occurring in conjunction with realgar; an ore of arsenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osmiridium", + "iridosmine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard and corrosion resistant mineral that is a natural alloy of osmium and iridium (usually containing small amounts of rhodium and platinum); used in needles and pen nibs etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless or pale brown mica with sodium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraldehyde", + "ethanal trimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless liquid (a cyclic trimer of acetaldehyde) that is used as a sedative and a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peat" + ], + "it": [ + "torba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partially carbonized vegetable matter saturated with water; can be used as a fuel when dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentlandite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral (iron and nickel sulphide) that is the chief ore of nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any monosaccharide sugar containing three atoms of carbon per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any monosaccharide sugar containing four atoms of carbon per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentose" + ], + "it": [ + "pentosio", + "pentoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexose" + ], + "it": [ + "esoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monosaccharide that contains six carbon atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentoxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various water-soluble compounds that form by hydrolysis in the digestion of proteins to amino acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periclase", + "magnesia", + "magnesium oxide" + ], + "it": [ + "magnesia", + "ossido di magnesio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase; a source of magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlogopite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown form of mica consisting of hydrous silicate of potassium and magnesium and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey or green or brown mineral similar to mica and containing aluminum and potassium sulphates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollucite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare mineral that is an important source of cesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaternary ammonium compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound derived from ammonium with hydrogen atoms replaced by organic groups; used as surface-active agents, disinfectants, and in drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proenzyme", + "zymogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propane" + ], + "it": [ + "propano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless gas found in natural gas and petroleum; used as a fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propellant", + "propellent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that propels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket fuel", + "rocket propellant", + "rocket propellent" + ], + "it": [ + "propellente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive charge that propels a rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propylthiouracil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline compound used as an antithyroid drug in the treatment of goiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psilomelane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of hydrated basic oxide of manganese and barium; a source of manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyridine" + ], + "it": [ + "piridina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic colorless flammable liquid organic base with a disagreeable odor; usually derived from coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrite", + "iron pyrite", + "fool's gold" + ], + "it": [ + "pirite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common mineral (iron disulfide) that has a pale yellow color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various metallic-looking sulfides (of which pyrite is the commonest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrolusite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of manganese dioxide; an important source of manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyromorphite", + "green lead ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of lead chloride and phosphate; a minor source of lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrophyllite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or greenish aluminum silicate mineral (resembles talc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyroxene" + ], + "it": [ + "pirosseno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of crystalline silicate mineral common in igneous and metamorphic rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrrhotite", + "pyrrhotine", + "magnetic pyrites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brownish iron sulfide mineral (FeS) having weak magnetic properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartz" + ], + "it": [ + "quarzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartzite" + ], + "it": [ + "quarzite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard metamorphic rock consisting essentially of interlocking quartz crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock crystal", + "transparent quartz" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo di roccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear quartz used in making electronic and optical equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imitation diamond made from rock crystal or glass or paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cairngorm", + "smoky quartz" + ], + "it": [ + "quarzo affumicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smoky yellow or brown quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper made partly or wholly from rags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realgar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare soft orange mineral consisting of arsenic sulphide; an important ore of arsenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clay whose redness results from iron oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combustible material (usually salts of lithium or strontium) that burns bright red; used in flares and fireworks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regosol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of soil consisting of unconsolidated material from freshly deposited alluvium or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regur", + "regur soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich black loam of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residual soil", + "residual clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soil that is remaining after the soluble elements have been dissolved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topsoil", + "surface soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of soil on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsoil", + "undersoil" + ], + "it": [ + "sottosuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of soil between the topsoil and bedrock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resinoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic containing resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhodochrosite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of manganese carbonate; a source of manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhodonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pink or red mineral consisting of crystalline manganese silicate; used as an ornamental stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricin", + "ricin toxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic protein extracted from castor beans; used as a chemical reagent; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road metal" + ], + "it": [ + "breccia", + "brecciame", + "pietrisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broken rock used for repairing or making roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock", + "stone" + ], + "it": [ + "sasso", + "pietra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arenaceous rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock composed of sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argillaceous rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock formed from clay deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudaceous rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock formed of coarse-grained material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breccia" + ], + "it": [ + "breccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rudaceous rock consisting of sharp fragments embedded in clay or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedimentary rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock formed from consolidated clay sediments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the granitelike rocks that form the outermost layer of the earth's crust; rich in silicon and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock that form the continuous lower layer of the earth's crust; rich in silicon and magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marlite", + "marlstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metamorphic rock with approximately the same composition as marl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphic rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock altered by pressure and heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravel", + "crushed rock" + ], + "it": [ + "ciottoli", + "ghiaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock fragments and pebbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornfels", + "hornstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine-grained metamorphic rock formed by the action of heat on clay rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse gravel laid to form a bed for streets and railroads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank gravel", + "pit-run gravel", + "pit run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gravel as found in natural deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nitrate-bearing rock or gravel of the sodium nitrate deposits of Chile and Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse beach gravel of small waterworn stones and pebbles (or a stretch of shore covered with such gravel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gem", + "gemstone", + "stone" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra preziosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline rock that can be cut and polished for jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabochon" + ], + "it": [ + "cabochon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly polished gem that is cut convexly but without facets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate" + ], + "it": [ + "ardesia", + "lavagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine-grained metamorphic rock that can be split into thin layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) sediment in which flat pebbles are uniformly tilted in the same direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumice", + "pumice stone" + ], + "it": [ + "pomice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light glass formed on the surface of some lavas; used as an abrasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grit", + "gritrock", + "gritstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard coarse-grained siliceous sandstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal product" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product made from animal material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambergris" + ], + "it": [ + "ambra grigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waxy substance secreted by the sperm whale and found floating at sea or washed ashore; used in perfume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lac" + ], + "it": [ + "lacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resinlike substance secreted by certain lac insects; used in e.g. varnishes and sealing wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnet lac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lac refined by treating with solvent; garnet-colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum-lac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior lac produced by lac insects in Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lac purified by heating and filtering; usually in thin orange or yellow flakes but sometimes bleached white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic gold", + "stannic sulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow pigment sometimes suspended in lacquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick lac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lac in its natural state as scraped off twigs and dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed lac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granular material obtained from stick lac by crushing and washing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonora lac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resembling lac; secreted by a scale living on twigs of certain Mexican shrubs; used locally as medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesive material", + "adhesive agent", + "adhesive" + ], + "it": [ + "adesivo", + "collante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that unites or bonds surfaces together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdlime", + "lime" + ], + "it": [ + "pania", + "vischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sticky adhesive that is smeared on small branches to capture small birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glue", + "gum", + "mucilage" + ], + "it": [ + "colla", + "collante", + "gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cement consisting of a sticky substance that is used as an adhesive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal glue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein gelatin obtained by boiling e.g. skins and hoofs of cattle and horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casein glue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from casein; used for e.g. plywood and cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crazy Glue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial brand of epoxy glue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish glue" + ], + "it": [ + "colla di pesce", + "ittiocolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gelatinous substance obtained by boiling skins fins and bones of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine glue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glue that is not water soluble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putty" + ], + "it": [ + "mastice", + "stucco", + "stucco per vetri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dough-like mixture of whiting and boiled linseed oil; used especially to patch woodwork or secure panes of glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron putty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cement resembling putty; made by mixing ferric oxide and boiled linseed oil; is acid resistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-lead putty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cement resembling putty; made by mixing white and red lead in boiled linseed oil; used as luting on pipe fittings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adhesive solution made of gum and ether and used to attach false hair to skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binder" + ], + "it": [ + "legante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something used to bind separate particles together or facilitate adhesion to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that hardens to act as adhesive material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasty cement used as an adhesive or filler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste", + "library paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adhesive made from water and flour or starch; used on paper and paperboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wafer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small adhesive disk of paste; used to seal letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste" + ], + "it": [ + "poltiglia", + "pultiglia", + "impasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mixture of a soft and malleable consistency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber cement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adhesive made by dissolving unvulcanized rubber in a solvent like benzene or naphtha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealing material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance used to seal joints or fill cracks in a porous surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealant", + "sealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sealing material that is used to form a hard coating on a porous surface (as a coat of paint or varnish used to size a surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used for filling cracks or holes in a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lute", + "luting" + ], + "it": [ + "luto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance for packing a joint or coating a porous surface to make it impervious to gas or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size", + "sizing" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzima", + "colla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any glutinous material used to fill pores in surfaces or to stiffen fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline organic base containing nitrogen; the parent compound of various biologically important substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bases that are derivatives of purine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenine", + "A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a nucleoside that is a structural component of nucleic acids; it is present in all living cells in a combined form as a constituent of DNA and RNA and ADP and ATP and AMP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenosine deaminase", + "ADA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme found in mammals that can catalyze the deamination of adenosine into inosine and ammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenosine monophosphate", + "AMP", + "adenylic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolism; reversibly convertible to ADP and ATP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenosine diphosphate", + "ADP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of adenosine that is converted to ATP for energy storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenosine triphosphate", + "ATP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleotide derived from adenosine that occurs in muscle tissue; the major source of energy for cellular reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agate" + ], + "it": [ + "agata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impure form of quartz consisting of banded chalcedony; used as a gemstone and for making mortars and pestles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss agate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agate resembling moss with brown, black, or green markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alar", + "daminozide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical sprayed on fruit trees to regulate their growth so the entire crop can be harvested at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcohol" + ], + "it": [ + "alcol", + "alcool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made from hydrocarbons by distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of organic compounds that have two hydrocarbon groups linked by an oxygen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethyl alcohol", + "ethanol", + "fermentation alcohol", + "grain alcohol" + ], + "it": [ + "alcol etilico", + "etanolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquors; used pure or denatured as a solvent or in medicines and colognes and cleaning solutions and rocket fuel; proposed as a renewable clean-burning additive to gasoline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirits of wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rectified ethyl alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pure ethyl alcohol (containing no more than 1% water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isopropyl alcohol", + "isopropanol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alcohol used as antifreeze or a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denaturant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that serves as a denaturing agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denatured alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ethyl alcohol that is unfit for drinking but is still useful for other purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethyl", + "ethyl group", + "ethyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "etile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent hydrocarbon radical C2H5 derived from ethane by the removal of one hydrogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldohexose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monosaccharide sugar having six carbon atoms and an aldehyde group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monosaccharide sugar that contains the aldehyde group or is hemiacetal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organic compound formed by adding alcohol molecules to aldehyde molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetaldol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsaturated aldol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetaldehyde", + "ethanal" + ], + "it": [ + "acetaldeide", + "etanale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless volatile water-soluble liquid aldehyde used chiefly in the manufacture of acetic acid and perfumes and drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetamide", + "ethanamide" + ], + "it": [ + "acetamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless solid amide of acetic acid used as a solvent and in the synthesis of organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline amide of propenoic acid can damage the nervous system and is carcinogenic in laboratory animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglomerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volcanic rock consisting of large fragments fused together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldol", + "aldehyde-alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oily colorless liquid obtained by the condensation of two molecules of acetaldehyde; contains an alcohol group (-OH) and an aldehyde group (-CHO)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkali" + ], + "it": [ + "alcali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of soluble salts found in arid soils and some bodies of water; detrimental to agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkali metal", + "alkaline metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the monovalent metals of group I of the periodic table (lithium or sodium or potassium or rubidium or cesium or francium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkaline earth", + "alkaline-earth metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the bivalent metals of group II of the periodic table (calcium or strontium or barium or magnesium or beryllium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkaloid" + ], + "it": [ + "alcaloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural bases containing nitrogen found in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkene", + "olefine", + "olefin" + ], + "it": [ + "olefina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkylbenzenesulfonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sulfonate of alkyl benzene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinchonine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid derivative of the bark of cinchona trees that is used as an antimalarial drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephedrine" + ], + "it": [ + "efedrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white odorless powdered or crystalline alkaloid from plants of the genus Ephedra (especially Ephedra sinica) or made synthetically; used as a bronchodilator to treat bronchitis and asthma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergonovine", + "Ergotrate Maleate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid derived from ergot (trade name Ergotrate Maleate) that is less toxic than ergot; induces muscular contraction of the uterus and is administered after childbirth or abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergotamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid derived from ergot that is less toxic than ergot; causes constriction of blood vessels and is used to treat migraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudoephedrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous crystalline alkaloid occurring with ephedrine and isomorphic with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epsilon toxin", + "Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterial toxin produced by clostridium perfringens; causes intense abdominal cramps and diarrhea that begins 8-22 hours after consumption of foods containing large numbers of these bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aflatoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent carcinogen from the fungus Aspergillus; can be produced and stored for use as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicotine" + ], + "it": [ + "nicotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid poison that occurs in tobacco; used in medicine and as an insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strychnine" + ], + "it": [ + "stricnina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid plant toxin extracted chiefly from nux vomica; formerly used as a stimulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brucine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter alkaloid poison resembling strychnine and extracted from nux vomica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag" + ], + "it": [ + "trinciato", + "trinciato forte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong coarse tobacco that has been shredded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish tobacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark aromatic tobacco of eastern Europe that is used in cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latakia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic Turkish tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alexandrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green variety of chrysoberyl used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alloy iron", + "alloy cast iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast iron containing alloying elements (usually nickel or chromium or copper or molybdenum) to increase the strength or facilitate heat treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alloy steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel who characteristics are determined by the addition of other elements in addition to carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an alloy used to make high-energy permanent magnets; contains aluminum and iron and nickel plus cobalt or copper or titanium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amalgam", + "dental amalgam" + ], + "it": [ + "amalgama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of mercury with another metal (usually silver) used by dentists to fill cavities in teeth; except for iron and platinum all metals dissolve in mercury and chemists refer to the resulting mercury mixtures as amalgams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusible metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy with a low melting point and used as solder and in safety plugs and sprinkler fuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass" + ], + "it": [ + "ottone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronze" + ], + "it": [ + "bronzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements; also any copper-base alloy containing other elements in place of tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunmetal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of bronze used for parts subject to wear or corrosion (especially corrosion by sea water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphor bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corrosion-resistant bronze containing phosphorus; used in bearings and gears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupronickel" + ], + "it": [ + "cruponichelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 60/40 alloy of copper and nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of gold and silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pewter" + ], + "it": [ + "peltro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various alloys of tin with small amounts of other metals (especially lead)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinchbeck" + ], + "it": [ + "orpello", + "princisbecco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and zinc that is used in cheap jewelry to imitate gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and lead used especially for making large pots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard solder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solder that contains copper; melts at a relatively high temperature; used for brazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver solder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solder that contains silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft solder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solder that melts at a relatively low temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "lega per saldatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy (usually of lead and tin) used when melted to join two metal surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold dust" + ], + "it": [ + "polvere d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particles and flakes (and sometimes small nuggets) of gold obtained in placer mining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale alloy of gold usually with platinum or nickel or palladium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monel metal", + "Monell metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of nickel and copper and other metals (such as iron and/or manganese and/or aluminum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of tin and lead and antimony used to make printing type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white metal", + "bearing metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy (often of lead or tin base) used for bearings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alluvial soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine-grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allyl alcohol", + "propenyl alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated primary alcohol present in wood spirit; use to make resins and plasticizers and pharmaceuticals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allyl resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resin derived from allyl alcohol that hardens when cured; used as an adhesive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-beta brass", + "Muntz metal", + "yellow metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass that has more zinc and is stronger than alpha brass; used in making castings and hot-worked products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of brass and zinc; used mainly for cold working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and tin that can be worked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnetic allotrope of iron; stable below 906 degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-tocopheral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent form of vitamin E obtained from germ oils or by synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotenoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of highly unsaturated yellow to red pigments occurring in plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotene" + ], + "it": [ + "carotene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow or orange-red fat-soluble pigments in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lycopene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carotenoid that makes tomatoes red; may lower the risk of prostate cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta-carotene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomer of carotene that is found in dark green and dark yellow fruits and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthophyll", + "xanthophyl", + "lutein" + ], + "it": [ + "luteina", + "xantofilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow carotenoid pigments in plants and animal fats and egg yolks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeaxanthin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow carotenoid (isomeric with lutein and occurs widely with it) that is the main pigment in yellow Indian corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet tasting alkaloid that occurs in sugar beets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allotrope of iron that is the same as alpha iron except that it is nonmagnetic; stable between 768 and 906 degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmagnetic allotrope of iron that is the basis of austenite; stable between 906 and 1403 degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allotrope of iron that is stable between 1403 degrees centigrade and the melting point (= 1532 degrees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amethyst" + ], + "it": [ + "ametista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent purple variety of quartz; used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amygdaloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volcanic rock in which rounded cavities formed by expanding gas have subsequently become filled with mineral deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum bronze", + "aluminium bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and aluminum with high tensile strength and resistance to corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activator" + ], + "it": [ + "attivante", + "attivatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) any agency bringing about activation; a molecule that increases the activity of an enzyme or a protein that increases the production of a gene product in DNA transcription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activating agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mineral extraction) a surface-active chemical used in flotation process to increase the attraction to a specific mineral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalyst", + "accelerator" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerante", + "catalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biocatalyst" + ], + "it": [ + "biocatalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biochemical catalyst such as an enzyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitizer", + "sensitiser" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance other than a catalyst that facilitates the start of a catalytic reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amide" + ], + "it": [ + "amide", + "ammide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organic compound containing the group -CONH2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibitor" + ], + "it": [ + "inibitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that retards or stops an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antioxidant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substance that inhibits oxidation or inhibits reactions promoted by oxygen or peroxides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antioxidant that inhibits the formation of rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticatalyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance that retards a chemical reaction or diminishes the activity of a catalyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green mineral of the amphibole group; calcium magnesium iron silicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andesite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark grey volcanic rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthophyllite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark brown mineral of the amphibole group; magnesium iron silicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asbestos" + ], + "it": [ + "amianto", + "asbesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrous amphibole; used for making fireproof articles; inhaling fibers can cause asbestosis or lung cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysotile" + ], + "it": [ + "crisotilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey or green fibrous mineral; an important source of commercial asbestos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or pale green mineral (calcium magnesium silicate) of the amphibole group used as a form of asbestos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornblende" + ], + "it": [ + "orneblenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green to black mineral of the amphibole group; consists of silicates of calcium and sodium and magnesium and iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine-grained homogeneous rock (such as basalt) containing minerals undetectable by the naked eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aplite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light-colored and fine-grained granitic rock consisting chiefly of quartz and feldspars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterdamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic mixture of gases (including carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and nitrogen) after an explosion of firedamp in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey volcanic rock containing plagioclase and quartz and other crystalline minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firedamp" + ], + "it": [ + "grisou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of gases (mostly methane) that form in coal mines and become explosive when mixed with air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive substance that is a vehicle for a radioactive tracer of the same substance and that assists in its recovery after some chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderator" + ], + "it": [ + "moderatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance used to slow down neutrons in nuclear reactors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy water", + "deuterium oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water containing a substantial proportion of deuterium atoms, used in nuclear reactors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic compound" + ], + "it": [ + "composto organico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound of carbon and another element or a radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protein" + ], + "it": [ + "proteina", + "protide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombinant protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein derived from recombinant DNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actomyosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein complex in muscle fibers; composed of myosin and actin; shortens when stimulated and causes muscle contractions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aleurone" + ], + "it": [ + "aleurone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granular protein in outermost layer of endosperm of many seeds or cereal grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apoenzyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein that combines with a coenzyme to form an active enzyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta-naphthol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomer of naphthol used in rubber as an antioxidant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatin", + "gelatine" + ], + "it": [ + "gelatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless water-soluble glutinous protein obtained from animal tissues such as bone and skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that resembles gelatin and is obtained by boiling cartilage in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nitrogenous substance found in mucous secretions; a lubricant that protects body surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugated protein", + "compound protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein complex combining amino acids with other substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the proteins into which actomyosin can be split; can exist in either a globular or a fibrous form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albumin", + "albumen" + ], + "it": [ + "albumina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple water-soluble protein found in many animal tissues and liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactalbumin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "albumin occurring in milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serum albumin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "albumin occurring in blood serum; serves to maintain the somatic pressure of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha globulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globulin in blood plasma or serum that is alkaline and has great electrophoretic mobility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serum globulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globulins occurring in blood serum and containing most of the antibodies of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C-reactive protein", + "CRP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a byproduct of inflammation; a globulin that is found in the blood in some cases of acute inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratin", + "ceratin" + ], + "it": [ + "cheratina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrous scleroprotein that occurs in the outer layer of the skin and in horny tissues such as hair, feathers, nails, and hooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chitin" + ], + "it": [ + "chitina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tough semitransparent horny substance; the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of certain fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enzyme" + ], + "it": [ + "enzima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrin" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white insoluble fibrous protein formed by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen when blood clots; it forms a network that traps red cells and platelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filaggrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main protein of the keratohyalin granules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein that is involved in cell differentiation and growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve growth factor", + "NGF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein that is involved in the growth of peripheral nerve cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haptoglobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein in plasma that binds free hemoglobin and removes it (as from wounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodoprotein", + "iodinated protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein that contains iodine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several substances found in the nuclei of all living cells; consists of a protein bound to a nucleic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retinal protein formed by the action of light on rhodopsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "containing chemically bound phosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casein" + ], + "it": [ + "caseina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milk protein used in making e.g. plastics and adhesives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amylase" + ], + "it": [ + "amilasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of proteins found in saliva and pancreatic juice and parts of plants; help convert starch to sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotensin converting enzyme", + "angiotensin-converting enzyme", + "ACE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proteolytic enzyme that converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholinesterase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that hydrolyses acetylcholine (into choline and acetic acid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coagulase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that induces coagulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collagenase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of collagen and gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the proteins in blood plasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostate specific antigen", + "PSA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein manufactured exclusively by the prostate gland; PSA is produced for the ejaculate where it liquifies the semen and allows sperm cells to swim freely; elevated levels of PSA in blood serum are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proteome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the full complement of proteins produced by a particular genome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein that yields only amino acids when hydrolyzed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombin" + ], + "it": [ + "trombina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that acts on fibrinogen in blood causing it to clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumor necrosis factor", + "tumour necrosis factor", + "TNF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced by white blood cells (monocytes and macrophages); has an antineoplastic effect but causes inflammation (as in rheumatoid arthritis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enzyme found in most plant and animal cells that functions as an oxidative catalyst; decomposes hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclooxygenase", + "Cox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two related enzymes that control the production of prostaglandins and are blocked by aspirin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclooxygenase-1", + "Cox-1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that regulates prostaglandins that are important for the health of the stomach lining and kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclooxygenase-2", + "Cox-2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that makes prostaglandins that cause inflammation and pain and fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptyalin" + ], + "it": [ + "ptialina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amylase secreted in saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rennet" + ], + "it": [ + "caglio", + "coagulo", + "presame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance capable of bringing about fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substrate" + ], + "it": [ + "substrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amine", + "aminoalkane" + ], + "it": [ + "amina", + "ammina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound derived from ammonia by replacing hydrogen atoms by univalent hydrocarbon radicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azadirachtin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carboxylic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic acid characterized by one or more carboxyl groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccharic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white dicarboxylic acid formed from oxidation of sugar or starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sebacic acid", + "decanedioic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dicarboxylic acid used to make resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorbic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline carboxylic acid used as a preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valeric acid", + "pentanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear liquid carboxylic acid used in perfumes and drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that form part of a lipid molecule and can be derived from fat by hydrolysis; fatty acids are simple molecules built around a series of carbon atoms linked together in a chain of 12 to 22 carbon atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturated fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid whose carbon chain cannot absorb any more hydrogen atoms; found chiefly in animal fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsaturated fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid whose carbon chain can absorb additional hydrogen atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trans fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid that has been produced by hydrogenating an unsaturated fatty acid (and so changing its shape); found in processed foods such as margarine and fried foods and puddings and commercially baked goods and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monounsaturated fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated fatty acid whose carbon chain has one double or triple valence bond per molecule; found chiefly in olive oil and chicken and almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyunsaturated fatty acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated fatty acid whose carbon chain has more than one double or triple valence bond per molecule; found chiefly in fish and corn and soybean oil and safflower oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omega-3 fatty acid", + "omega-3" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyunsaturated fatty acid whose carbon chain has its first double valence bond three carbons from the beginning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omega-6 fatty acid", + "omega-6" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polyunsaturated fatty acid whose carbon chain has its first double valence bond six carbons from the beginning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margaric acid", + "heptadecanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline synthetic fatty acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricinoleic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oily fatty acid found in castor oil and used in soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrinopeptide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peptide released from the amino end of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin to form fibrin during clotting of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypeptide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peptide containing 10 to more than 100 amino acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptide" + ], + "it": [ + "peptide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amide combining the amino group of one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another; usually obtained by partial hydrolysis of protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aminobenzoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a derivative of benzoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amino plastic", + "aminoplast", + "amino resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic (synthetic resin) made from amino compounds; used as an adhesive and as a coating for paper and textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonia" + ], + "it": [ + "ammoniaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pungent gas compounded of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex inorganic compound that contains ammonia molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonia water", + "ammonia", + "ammonium hydroxide" + ], + "it": [ + "ammoniaca", + "idrossido di ammonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water solution of ammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammoniac", + "gum ammoniac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aromatic gum of the ammoniac plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonium", + "ammonium ion" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonio", + "ione ammonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ion NH4 derived from ammonia; behaves in many respects like an alkali metal ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonium carbamate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of carbamic acid that is used as a nitrogen fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonium carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carbonate of ammonium; used in the manufacture of smelling salts and baking powder and ammonium compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonium chloride", + "sal ammoniac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white salt used in dry cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyl alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of 2 or more isomeric alcohols; used as a solvent and in organic synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytohormone", + "plant hormone", + "growth regulator" + ], + "it": [ + "fitormone", + "ormone vegetale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a plant product that acts like a hormone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibberellin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant hormone isolated from a fungus; used in promoting plant growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibberellic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline acid associated with gibberellin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinin", + "cytokinin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of plant hormones that promote cell division and delay the senescence of leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steroid hormone", + "steroid", + "sex hormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hormone affecting the development and growth of sex organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corticosterone" + ], + "it": [ + "corticosterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secreted by the adrenal cortex; involved in regulating water and electrolyte balance in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progesterone", + "Lipo-Lutin" + ], + "it": [ + "progesterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steroid hormone (trade name Lipo-Lutin) produced in the ovary; prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megestrol", + "megestrol acetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic progestational compound used to treat endometrial carcinoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "norethindrone", + "norethindrone acetate", + "norethandrolone", + "Norlutin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic progestational hormone (trade name Norlutin) used in oral contraceptives and to treat endometriosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "norethynodrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progesterone derivative used in oral contraceptives and in the control of menstruation and the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "norgestrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthetic progestin used in oral contraceptives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medroxyprogesterone", + "Provera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progestin compound (trade name Provera) used to treat menstrual disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progestin", + "progestogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of steroid hormones that have the effect of progesterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androgen", + "androgenic hormone" + ], + "it": [ + "androgeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male sex hormone that is produced in the testes and responsible for typical male sexual characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenosterone" + ], + "it": [ + "adrenosterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steroid having androgenic activity; obtained from the cortex of the adrenal gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androsterone" + ], + "it": [ + "androsterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an androgenic hormone that is less active than testosterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyltestosterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an androgenic compound contained in drugs that are used to treat testosterone deficiency and female breast cancer and to stimulate growth and weight gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nandrolone", + "Durabolin", + "Kabolin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an androgen (trade names Durabolin or Kabolin) that is used to treat testosterone deficiency or breast cancer or osteoporosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testosterone" + ], + "it": [ + "testosterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent androgenic hormone produced chiefly by the testes; responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follicle-stimulating hormone", + "FSH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals, and activates the cells in male mammals that form sperm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human chorionic gonadotropin", + "human chorionic gonadotrophin", + "HCG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone produced early in pregnancy by the placenta; detection in the urine and serum is the basis for one kind of pregnancy test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luteinizing hormone", + "LH", + "interstitial cell-stimulating hormone", + "ICSH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary; stimulates ovulation in female mammals and stimulates androgen release in male mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolactin", + "lactogenic hormone", + "luteotropin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gonadotropic hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary; in females it stimulates growth of the mammary glands and lactation after parturition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrogen", + "oestrogen" + ], + "it": [ + "estrogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for female steroid sex hormones that are secreted by the ovary and responsible for typical female sexual characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diethylstilbestrol", + "diethylstilboestrol", + "stilbestrol", + "stilboestrol", + "DES" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent estrogen used in medicine and in feed for livestock and poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estradiol", + "oestradiol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most powerful female hormone that occurs naturally; synthesized and used to treat estrogen deficiency and breast cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estriol", + "oestriol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally occurring estrogenic hormone; a synthetic form is used to treat estrogen deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrone", + "oestrone", + "theelin", + "Estronol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally occurring weak estrogenic hormone secreted by the mammalian ovary; synthesized (trade name Estronol) and used to treat estrogen deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexestrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estrogen compound used to treat menstrual irregularities and menopausal symptoms and to prevent pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mestranol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic form of estrogen used in combination with a progestin in oral contraceptives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corticosteroid", + "corticoid", + "adrenal cortical steroid" + ], + "it": [ + "corticoide", + "corticosteroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex or synthesized; administered as drugs they reduce swelling and decrease the body's immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineralocorticoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone that is one of the steroids of the adrenal cortex that influences the metabolism of sodium and potassium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucocorticoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steroid hormone that is produced by the adrenal cortex of animals; affects functioning of gonads and has anti-inflammatory activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucosamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino derivative of glucose that is a component of many polysaccharides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aldosterone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corticosteroid hormone that is secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland; regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocortisone", + "cortisol", + "Hydrocortone", + "Cortef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adrenal-cortex hormone (trade names Hydrocortone or Cortef) that is active in carbohydrate and protein metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortisone", + "Cortone Acetate" + ], + "it": [ + "cortisone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corticosteroid hormone (trade name Cortone Acetate) normally produced by the adrenal cortex; is converted to hydrocortisone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prednisolone", + "Pediapred", + "Prelone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glucocorticoid (trade names Pediapred or Prelone) used to treat inflammatory conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prednisone", + "Orasone", + "Deltasone", + "Liquid Pred", + "Meticorten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dehydrogenated analogue of cortisol (trade names Orasone or Deltasone or Liquid Pred or Meticorten); used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of arthritis and as an immunosuppressant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dexamethasone", + "Decadron", + "Dexamethasone Intensol", + "Dexone", + "Hexadrol", + "Oradexon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corticosteroid drug (trade names Decadron or Dexamethasone Intensol or Dexone or Hexadrol or Oradexon) used to treat allergies or inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spironolactone", + "Aldactone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic corticosteroid (trade name Aldactone) used to treat hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye in which the chromophore is part of a negative ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aniline", + "aniline oil", + "aminobenzine", + "phenylamine" + ], + "it": [ + "anilina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oily poisonous liquid amine obtained from nitrobenzene and used to make dyes and plastics and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alizarin yellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various yellow dyes; not related chemically to alizarin but applied in the same manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anil", + "indigo", + "indigotin" + ], + "it": [ + "indaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue dye obtained from plants or made synthetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aniline dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of many dyes made from aniline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio animale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any oil obtained from animal substances" + ], + "it": [ + "olio ottenuto da sostanza animali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drying oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil that hardens in air due to oxidation and is often used as a paint or varnish base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material derived from animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal pigment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigment occurring in animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous colorless flammable gas used in organic synthesis and to dope transistors and as a poison gas in warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilirubin", + "hematoidin", + "haematoidin" + ], + "it": [ + "bilirubina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange-yellow pigment in the bile that forms as a product of hemoglobin; excess amounts in the blood produce the yellow appearance observed in jaundice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urobilin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown bile pigment formed from urobilinogens and found in feces and in small amounts in urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urobilinogen", + "stercobilinogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromogen formed in the intestine from the breakdown of bilirubin; yields urobilins on oxidation; some is excreted in the feces and some is resorbed and excreted in bile or urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luciferin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigment occurring in luminescent organisms (as fireflies); emits heatless light when undergoing oxidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanin" + ], + "it": [ + "melanina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insoluble pigments that account for the color of e.g. skin and scales and feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentine", + "dentin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calcareous material harder and denser than bone that comprises the bulk of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory", + "tusk" + ], + "it": [ + "avorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard smooth ivory colored dentine that makes up most of the tusks of elephants and walruses" + ], + "it": [ + "zanna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any light downy material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone", + "osseous tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto osseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the porous calcified substance from which bones are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ], + "it": [ + "corno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the material (mostly keratin) that covers the horns of ungulates and forms hooves and claws and nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whalebone", + "baleen" + ], + "it": [ + "fanone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horny material from the upper jaws of certain whales; used as the ribs of fans or as stays in corsets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortoiseshell" + ], + "it": [ + "tartaruga", + "guscio di tartaruga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mottled horny substance of the shell of some turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "guscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the material that forms the hard outer covering of many animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother-of-pearl", + "nacre" + ], + "it": [ + "madreperla", + "nacchera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the iridescent internal layer of a mollusk shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer covering of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parchment", + "sheepskin", + "lambskin" + ], + "it": [ + "carta pecora", + "cartapecora", + "pergamena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin of a sheep or goat prepared for writing on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vellum" + ], + "it": [ + "carta pecora", + "cartapecora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine parchment prepared from the skin of a young animal e.g. a calf or lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hide", + "fell" + ], + "it": [ + "cuoio", + "pellame", + "pelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowhide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hide of a cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goatskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hide of a goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rawhide" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cuoio non conciato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather" + ], + "it": [ + "cuoio", + "pelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal skin made smooth and flexible by removing the hair and then tanning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of leather from which the hair has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator" + ], + "it": [ + "alligatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather made from alligator's hide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckskin" + ], + "it": [ + "daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft yellowish suede leather originally from deerskin but now usually from sheepskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thick undyed leather from the skins of e.g. buffalo or oxen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ooze leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very soft leather made from the skins of calves and having a suede finish on the flesh side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russia leather" + ], + "it": [ + "bulgaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth leather tanned with willow, birch, or oak, and scented on the flesh side with birch oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caffeine", + "caffein" + ], + "it": [ + "caffeina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter alkaloid found in coffee and tea that is responsible for their stimulating effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf", + "calfskin" + ], + "it": [ + "vitello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine leather from the skin of a calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white leather", + "whit leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leather that has been treated with alum and/or salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassava", + "cassava starch", + "manioc", + "manioca" + ], + "it": [ + "farina di manioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a starch made by leaching and drying the root of the cassava plant; the source of tapioca; a staple food in the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamois", + "chamois leather", + "chammy", + "chammy leather", + "shammy", + "shammy leather" + ], + "it": [ + "camoscio", + "pelle di camoscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft suede leather formerly from the skin of the chamois antelope but now from sheepskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of chamois used for cleaning and polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordovan" + ], + "it": [ + "cordovano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine leather originally made in Cordoba, Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowhide", + "cowskin" + ], + "it": [ + "vacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather made from the hide of a cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crushed leather", + "crush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather that has had its grain pattern accentuated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deerskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather from the hide of a deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doeskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft leather from deerskin or lambskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glove leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather suitable for making gloves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsehide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather from the hide of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kid", + "kidskin" + ], + "it": [ + "capretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft smooth leather from the hide of a young goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mocha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft suede glove leather from goatskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morocco" + ], + "it": [ + "marocchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft pebble-grained leather made from goatskin; used for shoes and book bindings etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levant", + "Levant morocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy morocco often used in bookbinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent leather" + ], + "it": [ + "vernice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather with a hard glossy surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigskin" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather from the skin of swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepskin", + "fleece" + ], + "it": [ + "montone", + "vello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tanned skin of a sheep with the fleece left on; used for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Fleece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Greek mythology, a fleece of gold owned by the king of Colchis and guarded in a sacred grove by a dragon; recovered by Jason and the Argonauts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather used to make shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suede", + "suede leather" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pelle scamosciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather with a napped surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur", + "pelt" + ], + "it": [ + "pelame", + "pelliccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dressed hairy coat of a mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrakhan" + ], + "it": [ + "astracan", + "astrakan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of young lambs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearskin" + ], + "it": [ + "pelle d'orso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pelt of a bear (sometimes used as a rug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver", + "beaver fur" + ], + "it": [ + "castoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soft brown fur of the beaver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinchilla" + ], + "it": [ + "cincilla", + "cincillà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expensive silvery grey fur of the chinchilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ermine" + ], + "it": [ + "ermellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expensive white fur of the ermine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox" + ], + "it": [ + "volpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grey or reddish-brown fur of a fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambskin" + ], + "it": [ + "agnello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skin of a lamb with the wool still on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadtail" + ], + "it": [ + "breitschwanz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of a very young karakul lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian lamb" + ], + "it": [ + "persiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of a karakul lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapin", + "rabbit" + ], + "it": [ + "lapin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of a rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pelt of a leopard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mink" + ], + "it": [ + "visone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expensive fur of a mink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskrat", + "muskrat fur" + ], + "it": [ + "rat musquè", + "rat musqué", + "topo muschiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brown fur of a muskrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hudson seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muskrat fur dressed to simulate sealskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of an otter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raccoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of the North American racoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable" + ], + "it": [ + "zibellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expensive dark brown fur of the marten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal", + "sealskin" + ], + "it": [ + "foca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pelt or fur (especially the underfur) of a seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fur of a squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anime", + "gum anime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various resins or oleoresins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antifreeze" + ], + "it": [ + "anticongelante", + "antigelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid added to the water in a cooling system to lower its freezing point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitric acid", + "aqua fortis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid used especially in the production of fertilizers and explosives and rocket fuels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrous acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable inorganic acid known only in solution and as nitrite salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several oxides of nitrogen formed by the action of nitric acid on oxidizable materials; present in car exhausts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen dioxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly poisonous brown gas (NO2)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitric oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous red-brown gas (NO)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anhydride" + ], + "it": [ + "anidride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound formed from one or more other compounds in a reaction resulting in removal of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqua regia", + "nitrohydrochloric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow fuming corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid that dissolves metals (including gold)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquamarine" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua marina", + "acquamarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent variety of beryl that is blue green in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arginine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter tasting amino acid found in proteins and necessary for nutrition; its absence from the diet leads to a reduced production of spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aromatic hydrocarbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrocarbon that contains one or more benzene rings that are characteristic of the benzene series of organic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenic", + "arsenic trioxide", + "arsenous anhydride", + "arsenous oxide", + "white arsenic", + "ratsbane" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic; used in manufacturing glass and as a pesticide (rat poison) and weed killer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid that can carry large amounts of oxygen and can serve as a temporary substitute for blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetic anhydride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound that is needed in order to refine opium into heroin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phthalic anhydride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white cyclic anhydride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-quality paper (usually having a filler of china clay)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asafetida", + "asafoetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brownish gum resin of various plants; has strong taste and odor; formerly used as an antispasmodic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash" + ], + "it": [ + "cenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residue that remains when something is burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine solid particles of ash that are carried into the air when fuel is combusted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asphalt" + ], + "it": [ + "asfalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixed asphalt and crushed gravel or sand; used especially for paving but also for roofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral wool", + "rock wool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light fibrous material used as an insulator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "austenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid solution of ferric carbide or carbon in iron; cools to form pearlite or martensite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "austenitic steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel that has enough nickel and chromium or manganese to retain austenite at atmospheric temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axle grease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick heavy grease used to lubricate axles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound containing the azido group combined with an element or radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrazoite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of hydrazoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azo dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dye containing one or more azo groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congo red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-brown azo dye especially as a chemical pH indicator (congo red is red in basic and blue in acidic solutions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentian violet", + "crystal violet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green crystal (violet in water) used as a dye or stain or bactericide or fungicide or anthelmintic or burn treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound made up of a ring of four carbon atoms and one sulfur atom and one nitrogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylene blue", + "methylthionine chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark green dye used as a stain, an antiseptic, a chemical indicator, and an antidote in cyanide poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyl orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an azo dye used as an acid-base indicator; used for titrations involving weak bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenothiazine", + "thiodiphenylamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound used primarily in veterinary medicine to rid farm animals of internal parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diazonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent cation R-N:N- (where R is an aromatic hydrocarbon); found in salts that are used in manufacturing azo dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babbitt metal", + "babbitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of tin with some copper and antimony; a lining for bearings that reduces friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bactericide", + "bacteriacide" + ], + "it": [ + "battericida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any chemical agent that destroys bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dry dusty pulp that remains after juice is extracted from sugar cane or similar plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baking powder" + ], + "it": [ + "lievito in polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various powdered mixtures used in baking as a substitute for yeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid ester derived from amyl alcohol; has the odor of bananas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbituric acid", + "malonylurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline acid derived from pyrimidine; used in preparing barbiturate drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium sulphate", + "barium sulfate", + "blanc fixe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white insoluble radiopaque powder used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basalt" + ], + "it": [ + "basalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commonest type of solidified lava; a dense dark grey fine-grained igneous rock that is composed chiefly of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic dye", + "basic color", + "basic colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dye that is considered to be a base because the chromophore is part of a positive ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pig iron containing a high percentage of phosphorus; used in making steel by a process that removes the phosphorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic slag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slag produced in making steel; low in silica but having large amounts of calcium phosphate; useful as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water used for a bath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery acid", + "electrolyte acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilute sulfuric acid used in storage batteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing brass" + ], + "it": [ + "bronzina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass bushing or a lining for a bearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beebread", + "ambrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of nectar and pollen prepared by worker bees and fed to larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secretion of the pharyngeal glands of bees that is fed to very young larvae and to bees destined to be queens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef tallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tallow obtained from a bovine animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar made from sugar beets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bronze with 3 or 4 parts copper to 1 part tin; used in making bells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzene", + "benzine", + "benzol" + ], + "it": [ + "benzene", + "benzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless liquid hydrocarbon; highly inflammable; carcinogenic; the simplest of the aromatic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzene formula", + "benzene ring", + "benzene nucleus", + "Kekule formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed chain of 6 carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any salt or ester of benzoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoate of soda", + "sodium benzoate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline salt used as a food preservative and antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline solid occurring in many resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoyl peroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline peroxide used in bleaching (flour or oils or fats) and as a catalyst for free radical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beryllium bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copper-base alloy containing beryllium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicarbonate", + "hydrogen carbonate" + ], + "it": [ + "bicarbonato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of carbonic acid (containing the anion HCO3) in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced; an acid carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicarbonate of soda", + "sodium hydrogen carbonate", + "sodium bicarbonate", + "baking soda", + "saleratus" + ], + "it": [ + "bicarbonato di sodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) used in effervescent drinks and in baking powders and as an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimetal" + ], + "it": [ + "bimetallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material made by bonding together sheets of two different metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binder's board", + "binder board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardboard used by bookbinders to make covers for books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of several hundred compounds having a bitter taste; not admitting of chemical classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black opal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark colored opal with internal reflections of green or red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active agent", + "active" + ], + "it": [ + "attivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chemical agent capable of activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alka-seltzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial antacid that contains aspirin; tablets dissolve in water to give an effervescent solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brioschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bromo-seltzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lansoprazole", + "Prevacid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antacid (trade name Prevacid) that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maalox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mylanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omeprazole", + "Prilosec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antacid (trade name Prilosec) that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pepto-bismal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rolaids" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tums" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antacid", + "gastric antacid", + "alkalizer", + "alkaliser", + "antiacid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity (especially in the stomach)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that exerts some force or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reagent" + ], + "it": [ + "reagente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent for use in chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical or biological material that inhibits bacterial growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleaching agent", + "bleach", + "blanching agent", + "whitener" + ], + "it": [ + "bianchetto", + "candeggiante", + "candeggina", + "decolorante", + "varecchina", + "varechina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that makes things white or colorless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that produces chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desiccant", + "drying agent", + "drier", + "siccative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that promotes drying (e.g., calcium oxide absorbs water and is used to remove moisture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidant", + "oxidizer", + "oxidiser", + "oxidizing agent" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that oxidizes another substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reducing agent", + "reducer", + "reductant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance capable of bringing about the reduction of another substance as it itself is oxidized; used in photography to lessen the density of a negative or print by oxidizing some of the loose silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleaching clay", + "bleaching earth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adsorbent clay that will remove coloring from oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of mud that a child has molded into the shape of pie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleaching powder", + "chlorinated lime", + "chloride of lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powder comprised of calcium hydroxide and chloride and hypochlorite and used to bleach and/or disinfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleach liquor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution containing bleaching agents that is used to bleach textiles or paper pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen peroxide", + "peroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viscous liquid with strong oxidizing properties; a powerful bleaching agent; also used (in aqueous solutions) as a mild disinfectant and (in strong concentrations) as an oxidant in rocket fuels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister copper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impure form of copper having a black blistered surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodstone", + "heliotrope" + ], + "it": [ + "eliotropio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green chalcedony with red spots that resemble blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blotting paper", + "blotter" + ], + "it": [ + "tampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absorbent paper used to dry ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow gas", + "blowing gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gas leaving a generator during a blow period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blubber" + ], + "it": [ + "grasso di balena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insulating layer of fat under the skin of whales and other large marine mammals; used as a source of oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueprint paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitized paper used to make blueprints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue vitriol", + "blue copperas", + "blue stone", + "chalcanthite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydrated blue crystalline form of copper sulfate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poorly drained soils on top of peat and under marsh or swamp vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond", + "bond paper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carta fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ash left when bones burn; high in calcium phosphate; used as fertilizer and in bone china" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonemeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilizer made of ground bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neem cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "residue after oil is pressed from neem seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty matter in bones extracted with solvents or by boiling or steaming; used chiefly in candles and cheap soaps and in lubricating greases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone oil", + "Dippel's oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark-colored ill-smelling oil obtained by carbonizing bone; used especially in sheep dips and in denaturing alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liquid portion of bone fat; used as a lubricant and in leather manufacture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borate" + ], + "it": [ + "borato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of boric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boric acid", + "boracic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various acids containing boron and oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boric acid", + "orthoboric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or colorless slightly acid solid that is soluble in water and ethanol; used in the manufacture of glass and paper and adhesives and in detergents and as a flux in welding; also used as an antiseptic and food preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boron trifluoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pungent colorless gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borosilicate" + ], + "it": [ + "borosilicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of boric and silicic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouncing putty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft elastic silicone polymer that increases in elasticity with the application of force; used in the center of golf balls and as shock-absorbent padding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowstring hemp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemp obtained from the sansevieria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box calf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black calfskin leather tanned with chromium salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewer's yeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast used in fermenting beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom fermenting yeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brewer's yeast used in bottom fermentation of lager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top fermenting yeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brewer's yeast used in top fermentation of ale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bricks and mortar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material consisting of bricks laid with mortar between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brushwood" + ], + "it": [ + "sterpaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood from bushes or small branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brimstone", + "native sulfur", + "native sulphur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old name for sulfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Britannia metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy similar to pewter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable acid used as an oxidizing agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromide" + ], + "it": [ + "bromuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the salts of hydrobromic acid; formerly used as a sedative but now generally replaced by safer drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brownstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish brown sandstone; used in buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution containing a buffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buffer solution at the start of a reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphate buffer solution", + "PBS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution containing a phosphate buffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building material" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale da costruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used for constructing buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to wrap around pipes or boilers or laid in attics to prevent loss of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butylene", + "butene" + ], + "it": [ + "butilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three isomeric hydrocarbons C4H8; all used in making synthetic rubbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isobutylene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used also in making gasoline components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polybutylene", + "polybutene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer of butylene; used in lubricants and synthetic rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fat obtained from animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fatty substance of milk from which butter is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderately dense wood used for cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butanone", + "methyl ethyl ketone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless soluble flammable liquid ketone used as a solvent for resins and as a paint remover and in lacquers and cements and adhesives and cleaning fluids and celluloid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyl alcohol", + "butanol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable alcohol derived from butanes and used for solvents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyric acid", + "butanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant smelling fatty acid found especially in butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three glycerides of butyric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tributyrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter oily triglyceride of butyric acid; a form of butyrin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacodyl", + "cacodyl group", + "cacodyl radical", + "arsenic group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent group derived from arsine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacodyl", + "tetramethyldiarsine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous oily liquid with a garlicky odor composed of 2 cacodyl groups; undergoes spontaneous combustion in dry air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium carbide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey salt of calcium (CaC) used in making acetylene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium-cyanamide", + "cyanamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound used as a fertilizer and as a source of nitrogen compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium hypochlorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hypochlorite of calcium; used as a bleaching agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium lactate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline salt made by the action of lactic acid on calcium carbonate; used in foods (as a baking powder) and given medically as a source of calcium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium nitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliquescent salt that is soluble in water; sometimes used as a source of nitrogen in fertilizers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium oxide", + "quicklime", + "lime", + "calx", + "calcined lime", + "fluxing lime", + "unslaked lime", + "burnt lime" + ], + "it": [ + "calce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline oxide used in the production of calcium hydroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium phosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phosphate of calcium; a main constituent of animal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium stearate", + "calcium octadecanoate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insoluble calcium salt of stearic acid and palmitic acid; it is formed when soap is mixed with water that contains calcium ions and is the scum produced in regions of hard water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonyl" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing metal combined with carbon monoxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonyl group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bivalent radical CO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carboxyl", + "carboxyl group" + ], + "it": [ + "carbossile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent radical -COOH; present in and characteristic of organic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor" + ], + "it": [ + "canfora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resin obtained from the camphor tree; used in making celluloid and liniment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di canfora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil distilled from camphor resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candelilla wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brown wax that occurs as a coating on candelilla shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sucrose obtained from sugar cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannabin", + "cannabis resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resin obtained from the hemp plant; thought to be the active narcotic agent in marijuana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannel coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bituminous coal that burns with a luminous flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capric acid", + "decanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid found in animal oils and fats; has an unpleasant smell resembling goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caproic acid", + "hexanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid found in animal oils and fats or made synthetically; smells like goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caprylic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty acid having a rancid taste; found in butter and other fats and oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbamate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt (or ester) of carbamic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbamic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid that is known only by virtue of its salts (as ammonium carbamate) or its esters (as urethane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbide" + ], + "it": [ + "carburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a binary compound of carbon with a more electropositive element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbohydrate", + "saccharide", + "sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "carboidrato", + "glicide", + "glucide", + "saccaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carboloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy based on tungsten with cobalt or nickel as a binder; used in making metal-cutting tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonado", + "black diamond" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior dark diamond used in industry for drilling and polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon black", + "lampblack", + "soot", + "smut", + "crock" + ], + "it": [ + "caligine", + "fuliggine", + "nero fumo", + "nerofumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcinogen" + ], + "it": [ + "cancerogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that produces cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose" + ], + "it": [ + "cellulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carboxymethyl cellulose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid derivative of cellulose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diethylaminoethyl cellulose", + "DEAE cellulose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used for chromatography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of cellulose fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and zinc (containing about 30% zinc) that is wrought into cartridges or tubing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case-hardened steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel with a surface that is much harder than the interior metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose ester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any ester of cellulose with an acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose nitrate", + "nitrocellulose", + "guncotton", + "nitrocotton" + ], + "it": [ + "fulmicotone", + "nitrocellulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nitric acid ester; used in lacquers and explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collodion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless syrupy solution of pyroxylin in ether and alcohol; used as a coating for wounds or photographic films" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrocellulose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nitrocellulose containing less nitrogen than guncotton; used in making smokeless powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyroxylin", + "pyroxyline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly flammable nitrocellulose used in making collodion and plastics and lacquers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycogen", + "animal starch" + ], + "it": [ + "glicogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one form in which body fuel is stored; stored primarily in the liver and broken down into glucose when needed by the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inulin" + ], + "it": [ + "inulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to manufacture fructose and in assessing kidney function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbolic acid", + "phenol", + "hydroxybenzene", + "oxybenzene", + "phenylic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "fenolo", + "ossibenzene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic white soluble crystalline acidic derivative of benzene; used in manufacturing and as a disinfectant and antiseptic; poisonous if taken internally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activated carbon", + "activated charcoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powdered or granular carbon used for purifying by adsorption; given orally (as a slurry) it is an antidote for some kinds of poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphite", + "black lead", + "plumbago" + ], + "it": [ + "grafite", + "piombaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a lubricant and as a moderator in nuclear reactors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graphite (or a similar substance) used in such a way as to be a medium of communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon dioxide", + "CO2", + "carbonic acid gas" + ], + "it": [ + "anidride carbonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy odorless colorless gas formed during respiration and by the decomposition of organic substances; absorbed from the air by plants in photosynthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokedamp", + "blackdamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmosphere in a mine following an explosion; high in carbon dioxide and incapable of supporting life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon disulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic colorless flammable liquid (CS2); used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane and carbon tetrachloride and as a solvent for rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon monoxide", + "carbon monoxide gas", + "CO" + ], + "it": [ + "monossido di carbonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon paper", + "carbon" + ], + "it": [ + "carta carbone", + "carta da ricalco", + "cartacarbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon tetrachloride", + "carbon tet", + "tetrachloromethane", + "perchloromethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless nonflammable liquid used as a solvent for fats and oils; because of its toxicity its use as a cleaning fluid or fire extinguisher has declined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon tetrahalide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compounds composed of 1 carbon and 4 halogen molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonate" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulminate" + ], + "it": [ + "fulminato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of fulminic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury fulminate", + "fulminate of mercury", + "fulminating mercury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fulminate that when dry explodes violently if struck or heated; used in detonators and blasting caps and percussion caps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak acid known only in solution; formed when carbon dioxide combines with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrasive", + "abradant", + "abrasive material" + ], + "it": [ + "abrasivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that abrades or wears down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carborundum" + ], + "it": [ + "carborundo", + "carborundum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrasive composed of silicon carbide crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardboard", + "composition board" + ], + "it": [ + "cartone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff moderately thick paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper for making cartridge cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta da disegno ruvida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick white paper for pencil and ink drawings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin cardboard, usually rectangular" + ], + "it": [ + "cartoncino rettangolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocarboxylase", + "thiamine pyrophosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coenzyme important in respiration in the Krebs cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coenzyme" + ], + "it": [ + "coenzima", + "cofermento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small molecule (not a protein but sometimes a vitamin) essential for the activity of some enzymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coenzyme A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coenzyme present in all living cells; essential to metabolism of carbohydrates and fats and some amino acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cofactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance (as a coenzyme) that must join with another to produce a given result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor chemical constituent that gives a wine or liquor its distinctive character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugated board", + "corrugated cardboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardboard with corrugations (can be glued to flat cardboard on one or both sides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperboard", + "poster board", + "posterboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardboard suitable for making posters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasteboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff cardboard made by pasting together layers of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout pasteboard used to bind books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse yellow cardboard made of straw pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnelian", + "cornelian" + ], + "it": [ + "cornalina", + "corniola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent red or orange variety of chalcedony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrageenin", + "carrageenan" + ], + "it": [ + "carragenina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloidal extract from carrageen seaweed and other red algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingot iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron of high purity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ghisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of iron containing so much carbon that it is brittle and so cannot be wrought but must be shaped by casting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast iron used for making cooking wares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrought iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron having a low carbon content that is tough and malleable and so can be forged and welded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stainless steel", + "stainless", + "chromium steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel containing chromium that makes it resistant to corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon steel" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaio al carbonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel whose characteristics are determined by the amount of carbon it contains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucible steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel made by the mixture of molten wrought iron, charcoal, and other substances in a crucible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damascus steel", + "Damask steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard resilient steel often decorated and used for sword blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel wool", + "wire wool" + ], + "it": [ + "lana d'acciaio", + "paglietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of woven steel fibers used as an abrasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cationic detergent", + "invert soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of synthetic detergents in which the surface-active part of the molecule is the cation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's eye" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio di gatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various gems (as chrysoberyl or chalcedony) that reflect light when cut in a rounded shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulosic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic made from cellulose (or a derivative of cellulose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building material that is a powder made of a mixture of calcined limestone and clay; used with water and sand or gravel to make concrete and mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various materials used by dentists to fill cavities in teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinforced concrete", + "ferroconcrete" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento armato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concrete with metal and/or mesh added to provide extra support against stresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic cement", + "Portland cement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cement that hardens under water; made by heating limestone and clay in a kiln and pulverizing the result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cementite", + "iron carbide" + ], + "it": [ + "cementite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound that is a constituent of steel and cast iron; very hard and brittle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceresin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white wax extracted from ozokerite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerulean blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light greenish-blue pigment consisting essentially of oxides of cobalt and tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cetrimide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cationic detergent that is a powerful disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of paper that is supposed to be removed when a hole is punched in a card or paper tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaff", + "husk", + "shuck", + "stalk", + "straw", + "stubble" + ], + "it": [ + "lolla", + "loppa", + "pula", + "stoppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material consisting of seed coverings and small pieces of stem or leaves that have been separated from the seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bran" + ], + "it": [ + "crusca", + "semola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broken husks of the seeds of cereal grains that are separated from the flour by sifting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalcedony", + "calcedony" + ], + "it": [ + "calcedonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milky or greyish translucent to transparent quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk" + ], + "it": [ + "gessetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft whitish calcite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamosite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greenish grey or black silicate of iron and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical", + "chemical substance" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto chimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurochemical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organic substance that occurs in neural activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurotransmitter" + ], + "it": [ + "neurotrasmettitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurochemical that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoamine neurotransmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monoamine that is functionally important in neural transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catecholamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of chemicals including epinephrine and norepinephrine that are produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemical group that gives color to a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serotonin", + "5-hydroxytryptamine" + ], + "it": [ + "serotonina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurotransmitter involved in e.g. sleep and depression and memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetylcholine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurotransmitter that is a derivative of choline; released at the ends of nerve fibers in the somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acyl anhydrides", + "acid anhydrides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compounds that react with water to form an acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acyl halide", + "acid halide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compounds containing the group -COX where X is a halogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetyl chloride", + "ethanoyl chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless liquid acyl chloride (CH3COCl) that has a pungent odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorphin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurochemical occurring naturally in the brain and having analgesic properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta endorphin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorphin produced by the pituitary gland that suppresses pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enkephalin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorphin having opiate qualities that occurs in the brain and spinal cord and elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheoplastic metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any alloy that fuses at low temperatures and can be used molding artificial teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chernozemic soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich black loam of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chisel steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel used in making chisels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorine dioxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive gas (ClO2) used chiefly in bleaching paper or starch or soap or flour and in water purification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorine water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aqueous solution of chlorine used as a bleaching agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloropicrin", + "nitrochloroform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy colorless insoluble liquid compound that causes tears and vomiting; used as a pesticide and as tear gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrochloromethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gaseous form of chloropicrin used as tear gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorpyrifos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common organophosphate insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choline" + ], + "it": [ + "colina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B-complex vitamin that is a constituent of lecithin; essential in the metabolism of fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "another word for chromium when it is used in dyes or pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome-nickel steel", + "Elinvar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Elinvar is a trademark for a kind of steel used for watch springs because its elasticity is constant over a wide range of temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome-tungsten steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel alloy made with chromium and tungsten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of green pigments consisting of chrome yellow and iron blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light chrome green pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooker's green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green pigment consisting of Prussian blue mixed with gamboge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome yellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several yellow pigments consisting of normal lead chromate and other lead compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable acid known only in solution and as chromate salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any salt or ester of chromic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead chromate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous chromate of lead used as a pigment in paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown or yellow-green olivine found in igneous and metamorphic rocks and used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysoprase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green variety of chalcedony valued as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chylomicron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microscopic particle of triglycerides produced in the intestines during digestion; in the bloodstream they release their fatty acids into the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette paper", + "rolling paper" + ], + "it": [ + "cartina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong tissue paper that burns evenly and is sufficiently porous to control the burning of the tobacco in a cigarette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinder pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pig iron containing a substantial proportion of slag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citric acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido citrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak water-soluble acid found in many fruits (especially citrus fruits); used as a flavoring agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semiprecious yellow quartz resembling topaz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clay" + ], + "it": [ + "argilla", + "creta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipeclay", + "terra alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine white clay used in making tobacco pipes and pottery and in whitening leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bentonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absorbent aluminum silicate clay formed from volcanic ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireclay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heat-resistant clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kitty Litter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granulated clay; placed in a container where it absorbs the waste products of a cat or dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter's clay", + "potter's earth" + ], + "it": [ + "argilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clay that does not contain any iron; used in making pottery or for modeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potter's clay that is thinned and used for coating or decorating ceramics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claystone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine-grained rock consisting of compacted clay particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardened clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal" + ], + "it": [ + "carbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthracite", + "anthracite coal", + "hard coal" + ], + "it": [ + "antracite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard natural coal that burns slowly and gives intense heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bituminous coal", + "soft coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich in tarry hydrocarbons; burns readily with a smoky yellow flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignite", + "brown coal", + "wood coal" + ], + "it": [ + "lignite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intermediate between peat and bituminous coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pulverized bituminous coal; used as a foundry facing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coal suitable for use under steam boilers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clorox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial bleaching agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coagulant", + "coagulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that produces coagulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cod-liver oil", + "cod liver oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di fegato di merluzzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil obtained from the livers of cod and similar fishes; taken orally as a source of vitamins A and D" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cod oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior cod-liver oil that is used in leather manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanolin", + "wool fat", + "wool grease" + ], + "it": [ + "lanolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow viscous animal oil extracted from wool; a mixture of fatty acids and esters; used in some ointments and cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code information for synthesizing a particular amino acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver of the degree of purity established for making legal silver coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combustible", + "combustible material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that can be burned to provide heat or power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementary DNA", + "cDNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cDNA copy of the RNA genome of a retrovirus; the genetic material of a virus as incorporated into and able to replicate with the genome of a host cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dscDNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "double-stranded cDNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "DNA that is not incorporated into the genome but is replicated together with the genome (especially in bacterial cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex", + "coordination compound" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso", + "composto di coordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound described in terms of the central atom to which other atoms are bound or coordinated" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura molecolare formata da un atomo centrale che funge da coordinante e da un numero definito di atomi o molecole a esso unite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composite material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong lightweight material developed in the laboratory; fibers of more than one kind are bonded together chemically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrochloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex consisting of an organic base in association with hydrogen chloride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compost" + ], + "it": [ + "concime", + "ingrasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of decaying vegetation and manure; used as a fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound", + "chemical compound" + ], + "it": [ + "composto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several different crystalline forms of the same chemical compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper folded to permit continuous printing controlled by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concrete" + ], + "it": [ + "calcestruzzo", + "conglomerato", + "beton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong hard building material composed of sand and gravel and cement and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugate solution", + "conjugate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of two partially miscible liquids A and B produces two conjugate solutions: one of A in B and another of B in A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum resin from the poison hemlock, Conium maculatum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constantan", + "Eureka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and nickel with high electrical resistance and a low temperature coefficient; used as resistance wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper suitable for drawing and making cutouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductor" + ], + "it": [ + "conduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that readily conducts e.g. electricity and heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiconductor", + "semiconducting material" + ], + "it": [ + "semiconduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance as germanium or silicon whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator; its conductivity increases with temperature and in the presence of impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulator", + "dielectric", + "nonconductor" + ], + "it": [ + "dielettrico", + "isolante", + "isolatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material such as glass or porcelain with negligible electrical or thermal conductivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass wool" + ], + "it": [ + "lana di vetro", + "vetroflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass fibers spun and massed into bundles resembling wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contaminant", + "contamination" + ], + "it": [ + "inquinante", + "sostanza contaminante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that contaminates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coolant" + ], + "it": [ + "refrigerante", + "refrigeratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluid agent (gas or liquid) that produces cooling; especially one used to cool a system by transferring heat away from one part to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper-base alloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any alloy whose principal component is copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide of copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper sulfate", + "copper sulphate", + "cupric sulfate", + "cupric sulphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copper salt made by the action of sulfuric acid on copper oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral", + "red coral", + "precious coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard stony skeleton of a Mediterranean coral that has a delicate red or pink color and is used for jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork" + ], + "it": [ + "sughero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer bark of the cork oak; used for stoppers for bottles etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corkboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heat-insulating building material consisting of cork granules that are made into sheets by compressing and baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phellem", + "cork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) outer tissue of bark; a protective layer of dead cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dextrose made by hydrolysis of cornstarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrosive" + ], + "it": [ + "corrosivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance having the tendency to cause corrosion (such a strong acids or alkali)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alumina", + "aluminum oxide", + "aluminium oxide" + ], + "it": [ + "allumina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various forms of aluminum oxide occurring naturally as corundum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound of alumina and a metallic oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum hydroxide", + "aluminium hydroxide", + "hydrated aluminum oxide", + "hydrated aluminium oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white crystalline compound that occurs naturally as the mineral gibbsite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alundum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance made of fused alumina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonseed cake", + "cotton cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solid matter remaining after oil has been pressed from cottonseeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coumarone-indene resin", + "coumarone resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerization of indene and coumarone; used in coatings and paint and asphalt tile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless liquid hydrocarbon extracted from petroleum or coal tar and used in making synthetic resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covering material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material used by builders to cover surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creatine", + "creatin" + ], + "it": [ + "creatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates both in the free form and as phosphocreatine; supplies energy for muscle contraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creosol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless to yellow aromatic liquid that is a constituent of creosote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creosote", + "coal-tar creosote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark oily liquid obtained by distillation of coal tar; used as a preservative for wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creosote" + ], + "it": [ + "creosoto", + "crosoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless or yellowish oily liquid obtained by distillation of wood tar; used as an antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cresol", + "methyl phenol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three poisonous colorless isomeric phenols; derived from coal or wood tar; used as a disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe", + "crepe paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper with a crinkled texture; usually colored and used for decorations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid that boils at below -160 C and is used as a refrigerant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanamide", + "cyanamid" + ], + "it": [ + "cianamide", + "cianammide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak soluble dibasic acid (the parent acid of cyanamide salts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless poisonous volatile liquid acid that hydrolyzes readily to ammonia and carbon dioxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanide" + ], + "it": [ + "cianuro", + "prussiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely poisonous salt of hydrocyanic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium cyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white poisonous salt (NaCN) used in electroplating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanogen" + ], + "it": [ + "cianogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless toxic gas with a pungent almond odor; has been used in chemical warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyano group", + "cyano radical", + "cyanide group", + "cyanide radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monovalent group -CN in a chemical compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrile", + "nitril", + "cyanide" + ], + "it": [ + "cianuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of organic compounds containing the cyano radical -CN" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanohydrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organic compound in which the cyano radical -CN and the hydroxyl radical -OH are attached to the same carbon atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanuric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trimer of cyanic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclohexanol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless oily alcohol that smells like camphor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclohexanol phthalate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cyclohexanol ester of phthalic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three isotopes of a colorless aromatic liquid hydrocarbon occurring in the volatile oil of cumin and thyme and used in the manufacture of synthetic resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytokine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various protein molecules secreted by cells of the immune system that serve to regulate the immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytolysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that partly or completely destroys animal cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytosine", + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used to daub walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarboxylase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the enzymes that hydrolize the carboxyl group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defoliant" + ], + "it": [ + "defogliante", + "defoliante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical that is sprayed on plants and causes their leaves to fall off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-iodinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that removes the iodine radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demantoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green andradite used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andradite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garnet consisting of calcium iron silicate and having any color ranging from yellow and green to brown and black; used as gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demerara" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zucchero grezzo di canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light brown raw cane sugar from Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyadenosine monophosphate", + "A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxycytidine monophosphate", + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyguanosine monophosphate", + "G" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxythymidine monophosphate", + "T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyribonucleic acid", + "desoxyribonucleic acid", + "DNA" + ], + "it": [ + "DNA", + "acido desossiribonucleico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exon", + "coding DNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intron", + "noncoding DNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk DNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretches of DNA that do not code for genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid", + "recombinant DNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genetically engineered DNA made by recombining fragments of DNA from different organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticky end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposon", + "jumping gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segment of DNA that can become integrated at many different sites along a chromosome (especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribonuclease", + "ribonucleinase", + "RNase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transferase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribonucleic acid", + "RNA" + ], + "it": [ + "RNA", + "acido ribonucleico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messenger RNA", + "mRNA", + "template RNA", + "informational RNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the template for protein synthesis; the form of RNA that carries information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome sites of protein synthesis in the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear RNA", + "nRNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ribonucleic acid found in the nucleolus of the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer RNA", + "tRNA", + "acceptor RNA", + "soluble RNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyribose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sugar that is a constituent of nucleic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of gold used in dentistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i114999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depilatory" + ], + "it": [ + "crema depilatoria", + "depilatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical (usually a sulfide) used to remove hair or wool or bristles from hides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound obtained from, or regarded as derived from, another compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert soil", + "desertic soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of soil that develops in arid climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dew" + ], + "it": [ + "guazza", + "rugiada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dextrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various polysaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of starch; a tasteless and odorless gummy substance that is used as a thickening agent and in adhesives and in dietary supplements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond", + "adamant" + ], + "it": [ + "diamante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hard native crystalline carbon valued as a gem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that promotes digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mono-iodotyrosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tyrosine with one iodine atom added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "di-iodotyrosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tyrosine with two iodine atoms added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodotyrosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tyrosine with iodine added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodothyronine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thyronine with iodine added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tri-iodothyronine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thyronine with three iodine atoms added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilutant", + "diluent", + "thinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diluting agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diluted solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimer" + ], + "it": [ + "dimero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound whose molecules are composed of two identical monomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimethylglyoxime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound used in analysis as a precipitant for palladium or nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimpled chad", + "pregnant chad", + "dimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chad that has been punched or dimpled but all four corners are still attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diol", + "glycol", + "dihydric alcohol" + ], + "it": [ + "diolo", + "glicol", + "glicole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of alcohols having 2 hydroxyl groups in each molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dioxide" + ], + "it": [ + "biossido", + "diossido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dioxin" + ], + "it": [ + "diossina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several toxic or carcinogenic hydrocarbons that occur as impurities in herbicides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disaccharidase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of disaccharides into monosaccharides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disaccharide" + ], + "it": [ + "bisaccaride", + "disaccaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield two monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishwater" + ], + "it": [ + "lavatura", + "risciacquatura", + "sciacquatura", + "sciacquatura dei piatti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water in which dishes and cooking utensils are washed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distillate", + "distillation" + ], + "it": [ + "distillato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purified liquid produced by condensation from a vapor during distilling; the product of distilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distilled water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that has been purified by distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust", + "exhaust fumes", + "fumes" + ], + "it": [ + "esalazione", + "gas di scarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gases ejected from an engine as waste products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressed ore", + "concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the desired mineral that is left after impurities have been removed from mined ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driftwood" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood that is floating or that has been washed ashore" + ], + "it": [ + "legno portato dalla corrente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill steel", + "drill rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbon steel used for rock drills and dowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docosahexaenoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an omega-3 fatty acid with 22 carbon atoms; found in fish (especially tuna and bluefish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolomite" + ], + "it": [ + "dolomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sedimentary rock resembling marble or limestone but rich in magnesium carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dopamine", + "Dopastat", + "Intropin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monoamine neurotransmitter found in the brain and essential for the normal functioning of the central nervous system; as a drug (trade names Dopastat and Intropin) it is used to treat shock and hypotension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residue of partially burnt tobacco left caked in the bowl of a pipe after smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon's blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark red resinous substance derived from various trees and used in photoengraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that is specially prepared for use in drafting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drilling mud", + "drilling fluid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of clays and chemicals and water; pumped down the drill pipe to lubricate and cool the drilling bit and to flush out the cuttings and to strengthen the sides of the hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dubbin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tallow mixed with oil; used to make leather soft and waterproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duralumin" + ], + "it": [ + "duralluminio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aluminum-based alloy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particulate", + "particulate matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small discrete mass of solid or liquid matter that remains individually dispersed in gas or liquid emissions (usually considered to be an atmospheric pollutant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dust resulting from writing with a piece of chalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust" + ], + "it": [ + "polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine powdery material such as dry earth or pollen that can be blown about in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free microscopic particles of solid material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaidic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monounsaturated fatty acid that has the same structure as oleic acid except that it is a trans fatty acid; the major trans fatty acid in margarine and fried foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastomer" + ], + "it": [ + "elastomero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various elastic materials that resemble rubber (resumes its original shape when a deforming force is removed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe" + ], + "it": [ + "nella filosofia antica, principio di tutte le cose, componente fondamentale della materia e dei corpi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elixir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breath" + ], + "it": [ + "alito", + "fiato", + "respiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the air that is inhaled and exhaled in respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air that has been heated and tends to rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halitosis" + ], + "it": [ + "alitosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halitus", + "exhalation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaled breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compressed gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gas at a high pressure that can be used as a propellant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compressed air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air at a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air cushion" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscino d'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trapped air that supports a hovercraft a short distance above the water or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth", + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "terra", + "terreno", + "suolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface" + ], + "it": [ + "parte superficiale della crosta terrestre sulla quale si sta o si cammina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diatomaceous earth", + "diatomite", + "kieselguhr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light soil consisting of siliceous diatom remains and often used as a filtering material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sienna" + ], + "it": [ + "terra di Siena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earth color containing ferric oxides; used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bister", + "bistre" + ], + "it": [ + "bistro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-soluble brownish-yellow pigment made by boiling wood soot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burnt sienna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish-brown pigment produced by roasting sienna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw sienna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellowish-brown pigment made from untreated sienna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocher", + "ochre" + ], + "it": [ + "ocra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various earths containing silica and alumina and ferric oxide; used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinopis", + "sinopia", + "sinoper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red ocher formerly used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow ocher", + "yellow ochre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigment consisting of a limonite mixed with clay and silica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth" + ], + "it": [ + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)" + ], + "it": [ + "nella filosofia antica, uno dei quattro elementi di cui era composto l'universo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saprolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deposit of clay and disintegrating rock that is found in its original place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil", + "dirt" + ], + "it": [ + "terra", + "terreno", + "terriccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale friabile che costituisce lo strato superficiale della crosta terrestre e contiene gli elementi necessari alla nutrizione delle piante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil conditioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance used to improve the structure of the soil and increase its porosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliche", + "hardpan" + ], + "it": [ + "crostone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water", + "H2O" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua santa", + "acquasanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that has been blessed by a priest for use in symbolic purification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk" + ], + "it": [ + "muschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odorous glandular secretion from the male musk deer; used as a perfume fixative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nectar" + ], + "it": [ + "nettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheromone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance secreted externally by some animals (especially insects) that influences the physiology or behavior of other animals of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintessence", + "ether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)" + ], + "it": [ + "nella filosofia antica, uno dei quattro elementi di cui era composto l'universo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground water", + "spring water", + "well water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underground water that is held in the soil and in pervious rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eicosapentaenoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an omega-3 fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms; found in fish (especially tuna and bluefish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eleostearic acid", + "elaeostearic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline unsaturated fatty acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolyte" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrolita", + "elettrolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution that conducts electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eluate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid solution that results from elution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fehling's solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid solution of copper sulfate and potassium tartrate and sodium hydroxide that is used to test for sugar in the urine; solution turns reddish when sugar is present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalin", + "formol" + ], + "it": [ + "formalina", + "formolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water; used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargle", + "mouthwash" + ], + "it": [ + "collutorio", + "colluttorio", + "gargarismo", + "sciacquo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicated solution used for gargling and rinsing the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infusion", + "extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract from the pancreas of animals that contains pancreatic enzymes; used to treat pancreatitis and other conditions involving insufficient pancreatic secretions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injection", + "injectant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any solution that is injected (as into the skin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isotonic solution", + "isosmotic solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution having the same osmotic pressure as blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pancreatic enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of elastin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerald" + ], + "it": [ + "smeraldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emery cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth covered with powdered emery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emery paper", + "sandpaper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta smerigliata", + "carta vetrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff paper coated with powdered emery or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emery stone", + "emery rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of emery dust and a binder; can be molded into grindstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterokinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enzyme in the intestinal juice that converts inactive trypsinogen into active trypsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythropoietin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glycoprotein secreted by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ester" + ], + "it": [ + "estere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formed by reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethane", + "C2H6" + ], + "it": [ + "etano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless odorless alkane gas used as fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethyl acetate" + ], + "it": [ + "acetato di etile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragrant colorless flammable volatile liquid ester made from ethanol and acetic acid; used in flavorings and perfumes and as a solvent for plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethylene", + "ethene" + ], + "it": [ + "etilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable colorless gaseous alkene; obtained from petroleum and natural gas and used in manufacturing many other chemicals; sometimes used as an anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichloroethylene", + "trichloroethane", + "TCE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy colorless highly toxic liquid used as a solvent to clean electronic components and for dry cleaning and as a fumigant; causes cancer and liver and lung damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid", + "EDTA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex molecule used medically to chelate metal ions in cases of lead or heavy metal poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethylene glycol", + "glycol", + "ethanediol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet but poisonous syrupy liquid used as an antifreeze and solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propylene glycol", + "propanediol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze and in brake fluid and also as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items although it can be absorbed through the skin with harmful effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphorbium", + "gum eurphorbium" + ], + "it": [ + "euforbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrid brown gum resin now used mainly in veterinary medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is emitted or released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emmenagogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that promotes menstrual discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eutectoid steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel that contains 0.9% carbon (the eutectic point); a carbon steel with 0.9% carbon is pure pearlite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exudate", + "exudation" + ], + "it": [ + "essudato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that oozes out from plant pores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transudate", + "transudation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that transudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high explosive" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "esplosivo ad alto potenziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful chemical explosive that produces gas at a very high rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low explosive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive with a low rate of combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effluvium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foul-smelling outflow or vapor (especially a gaseous waste)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watery discharge from the mucous membranes (especially from the eyes or nose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaginal discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge of secretions from the cervical glands of the vagina; normally clear or white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body waste", + "excretion", + "excreta", + "excrement", + "excretory product" + ], + "it": [ + "escremento", + "escreto", + "escrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waste matter (as urine or sweat but especially feces) discharged from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecal matter", + "faecal matter", + "feces", + "faeces", + "BM", + "stool", + "ordure", + "dejection" + ], + "it": [ + "escrementi", + "escremento", + "feci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid excretory product evacuated from the bowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crap", + "dirt", + "shit", + "shite", + "poop", + "turd" + ], + "it": [ + "cacata", + "cacca", + "merda", + "stronzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscene terms for feces" + ], + "it": [ + "termine volgare per indicare le feci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon droppings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "droppings of pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "droppings", + "dung", + "muck" + ], + "it": [ + "escremento", + "stallatico", + "sterco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fecal matter of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow pie", + "cowpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fecal matter of a cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meconium" + ], + "it": [ + "meconio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick dark green mucoid material that is the first feces of a newborn child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melena", + "melaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally dark tarry feces containing blood (usually from gastrointestinal bleeding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excreta (especially of insects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylindrical mass of earth voided by a burrowing earthworm or lugworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body wastes of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urine", + "piss", + "pee", + "piddle", + "weewee", + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "orina", + "urina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid excretory product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomit", + "vomitus", + "puke", + "barf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the matter ejected in vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detritus" + ], + "it": [ + "detrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose material (stone fragments and silt etc) that is worn away from rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "waste material", + "waste matter", + "waste product" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale di scarto", + "prodotto di scarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filth", + "crud", + "skank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance considered disgustingly foul or unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewage", + "sewerage" + ], + "it": [ + "liquame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waste matter carried away in sewers or drains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effluent", + "wastewater", + "sewer water" + ], + "it": [ + "effluente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water mixed with waste matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage", + "refuse", + "food waste", + "scraps" + ], + "it": [ + "mondiglia", + "pattume", + "rifiuto", + "scopatura", + "spazzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollutant" + ], + "it": [ + "inquinante", + "sostanza inquinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubbish", + "trash", + "scrap" + ], + "it": [ + "ciarpame", + "immondezza", + "immondizia", + "mondezza", + "monnezza", + "paccotiglia", + "paccottiglia", + "pattume", + "spazzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthless material that is to be disposed of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrap metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discarded metal suitable for reprocessing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debris", + "dust", + "junk", + "rubble", + "detritus" + ], + "it": [ + "detrito", + "macerie", + "sfasciume", + "cianfrusaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dust consisting of a mixture of small coal fragments and coal dust and dirt that sifts out when coal is passed over a sieve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rubbish carelessly dropped or left about (especially in public places)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) waste water from a kitchen or bathroom or chamber pot that has to be emptied by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxic waste", + "toxic industrial waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous waste materials; can cause injury (especially by chemical means)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravasation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extravasated liquid (blood or lymph or urine); the product of extravasation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallout", + "radioactive dust" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia radioattiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the radioactive particles that settle to the ground after a nuclear explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fencing material", + "fencing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material for building fences" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale per recintare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrite" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid solution in which alpha iron is the solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilizer", + "fertiliser", + "plant food" + ], + "it": [ + "concime", + "fertilizzante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallamine", + "Flaxedil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neuromuscular blocking agent (trade name Flaxedil) used as a muscle relaxant in the administration of anesthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic", + "organic fertilizer", + "organic fertiliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fertilizer that is derived from animal or vegetable matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux" + ], + "it": [ + "fondente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance added to molten metals to bond with impurities that can then be readily removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldering flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flux applied to surfaces that are to be joined by soldering; flux cleans the surfaces and results in a better bond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foryml" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the negative univalent acyl radical CHO that occurs in aldehydes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium nitrate", + "soda niter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(NaNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impure form of potassium carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium bicarbonate", + "potassium acid carbonate", + "potassium hydrogen carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline salt (KHCO3) that is used in baking powder and as an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium chloride", + "potassium muriate", + "potash muriate", + "K-Dur 20", + "Kaochlor", + "K-lor", + "Klorvess", + "K-lyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt of potassium (KCl) (trade names K-Dur 20, Kaochlor and K-lor and Klorvess and K-lyte); taken in tablet form to treat potassium deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium nitrate", + "saltpeter", + "saltpetre", + "niter", + "nitre" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrato di potassio", + "salnitro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium bromide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline salt (KBr) used as a sedative and in photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white salt (K2CO3) that is basic in solution; used to make glass and cleansing agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium chlorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white salt (KClO3) used in matches, fireworks, and explosives; also used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium cyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous salt (KCN) used in electroplating and in photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium dichromate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange-red salt used in making dyes and in photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium iodide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline salt in organic synthesis and in making photographic emulsions and in iodized table salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "producer gas", + "air gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas made of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and nitrogen; made by passing air over hot coke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprionamide", + "propanamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amide of propionic acid (C2H5CONH2)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propionic acid", + "propanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid fatty acid found in milk and sweat and in fuel distillates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudding stone", + "conglomerate" + ], + "it": [ + "agglomerato", + "conglomerato", + "puddinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composite rock made up of particles of varying size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putrescine" + ], + "it": [ + "putrescina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline ptomaine with a foul odor that is produced in decaying animal matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyroligneous acid", + "wood vinegar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-brown liquid formed in distillation of wood which contains acetic acid, methanol, acetone, wood oils, and tars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manure" + ], + "it": [ + "concime", + "letame", + "stabbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal or plant material used to fertilize land especially animal excreta usually with litter material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken manure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken excreta used as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow manure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cow excreta used as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green manure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a growing crop that is plowed under to enrich soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse manure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse excreta used as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "human excreta used as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue paper suitable for use on the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat" + ], + "it": [ + "grasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow-white fat from cocoa beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf fat", + "leaf lard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fat lining the abdomen and kidneys in hogs which is used to make lard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feldspar", + "felspar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of hard crystalline minerals that consist of aluminum silicates of potassium or sodium or calcium or barium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoclase" + ], + "it": [ + "ortoclasio", + "ortose", + "ortosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or colored monoclinic feldspar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagioclase", + "oligoclase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of triclinic feldspars that form rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albite", + "white feldspar" + ], + "it": [ + "albite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed feldspar that forms rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorthite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare plagioclastic feldspar occurring in many igneous rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferric oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red oxide of iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferricyanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown unstable acid formed from ferricyanide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferricyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt of ferricyanic acid obtained by oxidation of a ferrocyanide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferritin" + ], + "it": [ + "ferritina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein containing 20% iron that is found in the intestines and liver and spleen; it is one of the chief forms in which iron is stored in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrocerium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyrophoric alloy of iron with cerium; used for lighter flints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrocyanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white unstable acid formed from ferrocyanide salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrocyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt of ferrocyanic acid usually obtained by a reaction of a cyanide with iron sulphate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiberglass", + "fibreglass" + ], + "it": [ + "vetroresina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering material made of glass fibers in resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber", + "fibre" + ], + "it": [ + "fibra", + "filamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tough piece of fiber in vegetables, meat, or other food (especially the tough fibers connecting the two halves of a bean pod)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground dried fish used as fertilizer and as feed for domestic livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buntal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine white Philippine fiber from stalks of unopened leaves of talipot palms; used in making hats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibril", + "filament", + "strand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very slender natural or synthetic fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieldstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stone that occurs naturally in fields; often used as building material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filling", + "fill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any material that fills a space or container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta da filtro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porous unsized paper used for filtering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filtrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of filtration; a gas or liquid that has been passed through a filter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firelighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(a piece of) a substance that burns easily and can be used to start a coal or coke fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire opal", + "girasol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opal with flaming orange and yellow and red colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish-liver oil", + "fish oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty oil obtained from the livers of various fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound (such as ethanol or formaldehyde) that fixes tissues and cells for microscopic study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixing agent", + "fixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound that sets or fixes something (as a dye or a photographic image)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline compound that is part of a number of white or yellow plant pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavonoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large class of plant pigments having a chemical structure based on or similar to flavone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber of the flax plant that is made into thread and woven into linen fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flyspeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny dark speck made by the excrement of a fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton", + "cotton fiber", + "cotton wool" + ], + "it": [ + "cotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft silky fibers from cotton plants in their raw state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-staple cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton with relatively long fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-staple cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton with relatively short fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of silica containing microcrystalline quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taconite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of chert containing magnetite and hematite; mined as a low-grade iron ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of flint that is struck to light a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ketone that forms the nucleus of certain natural yellow pigments like riboflavin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flint" + ], + "it": [ + "pietrina", + "selce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flintstone" + ], + "it": [ + "selce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pebbles of flint used in masonry construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flooring" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "materiale per pavimentazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material used in laying floors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation containing wax and used to polish and preserve the finish of floors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoride" + ], + "it": [ + "fluoruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of hydrofluoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoroboric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid of fluorine and boron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoroboride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of fluoroboric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorocarbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a halocarbon in which some hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine; used in refrigerators and aerosols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorocarbon plastic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic made with fluorocarbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluosilicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt of fluosilicic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluosilicic acid", + "hydrofluosilicic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable poisonous corrosive acid known primarily in the form of its salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flypaper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta moschicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that is poisoned or coated with a sticky substance to kill flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foam rubber" + ], + "it": [ + "gommapiuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spongy rubber; made by introducing air bubbles before vulcanization and used for cushioning or upholstery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fomentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used as a warm moist medicinal compress or poultice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formaldehyde", + "methanal" + ], + "it": [ + "formaldeide", + "metanale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless poisonous gas; made by the oxidation of methanol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless pungent fuming vesicatory liquid acid HCOOH found naturally in ants and many plants or made catalytically from carbon monoxide and steam; used in finishing textiles and paper and in the manufacture of insecticides and fumigants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formulation", + "preparation" + ], + "it": [ + "preparato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance prepared according to a formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frankincense", + "olibanum", + "gum olibanum", + "thus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic gum resin obtained from various Arabian or East African trees; formerly valued for worship and for embalming and fumigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free radical", + "radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atom or group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron; in the body it is usually an oxygen molecule that has lost an electron and will stabilize itself by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freezing mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of substances (usually salt and ice) to obtain a temperature below the freezing point of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one or more chlorofluorocarbons (or related compounds) that are used as an aerosol propellant, organic solvent, or refrigerant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructose", + "fruit sugar", + "levulose", + "laevulose" + ], + "it": [ + "fruttosio", + "levulosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple sugar found in honey and in many ripe fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel" + ], + "it": [ + "carburante", + "combustibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that can be consumed to produce energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuller's earth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absorbent soil resembling clay; used in fulling (shrinking and thickening) woolen cloth and as an adsorbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulvic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow to yellow-brown humic substance that is soluble in water under all pH conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumaric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumigant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance used in fumigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furan", + "furane", + "furfuran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless toxic flammable liquid used in the synthesis of nylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furfural", + "furfuraldehyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid aldehyde with a penetrating odor; made from plant hulls and corncobs; used in making furan and as a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galactagogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agent that induces milk secretion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galactose", + "brain sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "galattosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple sugar found in lactose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galbanum", + "gum albanum" + ], + "it": [ + "galbano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter aromatic gum resin that resembles asafetida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline acid obtained from tannin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanized iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro zincato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron that is coated with zinc to protect it from rust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenhouse gas", + "greenhouse emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbuncle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-red cabochon garnet cut without facets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluid in the gaseous state having neither independent shape nor volume and being able to expand indefinitely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquefied petroleum gas", + "bottled gas" + ], + "it": [ + "liquigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydrocarbon gases, usually propane or butane, kept under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with small amounts of other gases; made by blowing steam over hot coke or coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghatti", + "ghatti gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indian gum from the dhawa tree; used as a substitute for gum arabic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kraft", + "kraft paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong wrapping paper made from pulp processed with a sulfur solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong wrapping paper that resists penetration by blood or meat fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractive wrapping paper suitable for wrapping gifts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilding metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass that is rich in copper; used to make articles that were to be gilded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilgai soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil in the melon holes of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magma of any composition that cooled very rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartz glass", + "quartz", + "vitreous silica", + "lechatelierite", + "crystal" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless glass made of almost pure silica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opal glass", + "milk glass" + ], + "it": [ + "opalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milky white translucent or opaque glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear homogeneous glass of known refractive index; used to make lenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical crown", + "crown glass", + "optical crown glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical glass of low dispersion and low refractive index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical flint", + "flint glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical glass of high dispersion and high refractive index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass blown into a globe which is later flattened and spun to form a disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tektite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thought to derive from meteorites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanic glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of natural glass produced when molten lava cools very rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsidian" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid or granitic glass formed by the rapid cooling of lava without crystallization; usually dark, but transparent in thin pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitchstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark acid granitic glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachylite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic or basalt glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass" + ], + "it": [ + "vetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass having a relatively low softening point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass that diffuses light due to a rough surface produced by abrasion or etching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "particulate glass made by grinding and used as an abrasive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass containing lead oxide; has a high refractive index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard, brilliant lead glass that is used in making artificial jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety glass", + "laminated glass", + "shatterproof glass" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass made with plates of plastic or resin or other material between two sheets of glass to prevent shattering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soluble glass", + "water glass", + "sodium silicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viscous glass consisting of sodium silicate in solution; used as a cement or as a protective coating and to preserve eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stained glass" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vetro colorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass that has been colored in some way; used for church windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiffany glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of opalescent colored glass that was used in the early 1900s for stained-glass windows and lamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass that contains a layer of wire netting in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mineralogy) two interwoven crystals that are mirror images on each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amine containing the double bond linkage -C=C-N-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enantiomorph", + "enantiomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either one of a pair of compounds (crystals or molecules) that are mirror images on each other but are not identical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exotherm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound that gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during its decomposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucose" + ], + "it": [ + "destrosio", + "destroso", + "glicosio", + "glucosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; an important source of physiological energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dextrose", + "dextroglucose", + "grape sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "destrosio", + "destroso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomer of glucose that is found in honey and sweet fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood sugar", + "blood glucose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glucose in the bloodstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutamate" + ], + "it": [ + "glutammato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of glutamic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutamic oxalacetic transaminase", + "glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme involved in transamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyceraldehyde", + "glyceric aldehyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet crystalline aldehyde formed by the breakdown of sugars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyceric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syrupy acid obtained by oxidation of glycerol or glyceraldehyde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyceride", + "acylglycerol" + ], + "it": [ + "gliceride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of glycerol and fatty acids that occurs naturally as fats and fatty oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triglyceride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glyceride occurring naturally in animal and vegetable tissues; it consists of three individual fatty acids bound together in a single large molecule; an important energy source forming much of the fat stored by the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerol", + "glycerin", + "glycerine" + ], + "it": [ + "glicerina", + "glicerolo", + "propantriolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet syrupy trihydroxy alcohol obtained by saponification of fats and oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerinated gelatin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gelatinous preparation made from gelatin and glycerin and water; used as a base for ointments and suppositories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerin jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of glycerin and gelatin that is used in histology for mounting specimens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerite", + "glycerole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine made by mixing a substance in glycerin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerogelatin", + "glycerogel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicated skin preparation made from glycerin and glycerinated gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyceryl" + ], + "it": [ + "glicerile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivalent radical derived from glycerol by removing the three hydroxyl radicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitroglycerin", + "nitroglycerine", + "trinitroglycerin", + "glyceryl trinitrate", + "Nitrospan", + "Nitrostat" + ], + "it": [ + "nitroglicerina", + "trinitrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy yellow poisonous oily explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol; used in making explosives and medically as a vasodilator (trade names Nitrospan and Nitrostat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyceryl ester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of glycerol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycoside" + ], + "it": [ + "glicoside", + "glucoside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of compounds derived from monosaccharides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amygdalin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter cyanogenic glucoside extracted from the seeds of apricots and plums and bitter almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laetrile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance derived from amygdalin; publicized as an antineoplastic drug although there is no supporting evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucoside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glycoside derived from glucose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saponin" + ], + "it": [ + "saponina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plant glucosides that form soapy lathers when mixed and agitated with water; used in detergents and foaming agents and emulsifiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycolic acid", + "glycollic acid", + "hydroxyacetic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent crystalline compound found in sugar cane and sugar beets and unripe grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conjugated protein having a carbohydrate component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluster of differentiation 4", + "CD4" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glycoprotein that is found primarily on the surface of helper T cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluster of differentiation 8", + "CD8" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane glycoprotein that is found primarily on the surface of cytotoxic T cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoprotein", + "haemoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conjugated protein linked to a compound of iron and porphyrin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lectin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plant glycoproteins that act like specific antibodies but are not antibodies in that they are not evoked by an antigenic stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gneiss" + ], + "it": [ + "gneis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laminated metamorphic rock similar to granite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schist" + ], + "it": [ + "schisto", + "scisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any metamorphic rock that can be split into thin layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red or brown oxide coating on iron or steel caused by the action of oxygen and moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goitrogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance (such as thiouracil) that induces the formation of a goiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aventurine spangled densely with fine gold-colored particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gondang wax", + "fig wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard cream-colored wax obtained from a Javanese fig tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose grease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grease derived from geese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graph paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta millimetrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that has lines to permit drawing graphs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granite" + ], + "it": [ + "granito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plutonic igneous rock having visibly crystalline texture; generally composed of feldspar and mica and quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granular pearlite", + "globular pearlite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "if steel or iron cool very slowly the cementite may occur in globules instead of in layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubricant", + "lubricator", + "lubricating substance", + "lube" + ], + "it": [ + "lubrificante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance capable of reducing friction by making surfaces smooth or slippery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grease", + "lubricating oil" + ], + "it": [ + "grasso", + "morchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick fatty oil (especially one used to lubricate machinery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greaseproof paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that is impermeable to oil or grease; used in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture used by Byzantine Greeks that was often shot at adversaries; catches fire when wetted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gold alloy (at least 14 karat gold with silver or silver and cadmium) that has a green appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greisen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a granitic rock composed of quartz and mica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundmass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the matrix of fine-grained crystalline material in which larger crystals are embedded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grid metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of hard lead that is used for grids in storage batteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin mortar that can be poured and used to fill cracks in masonry or brickwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guanine", + "G" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guano" + ], + "it": [ + "fosforite", + "guano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excrement of sea birds; used as fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "22-karat gold from which guinea coins were made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of cement and sand and water that is sprayed on a surface under pneumatic pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential oil", + "volatile oil" + ], + "it": [ + "essenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil having the odor or flavor of the plant from which it comes; used in perfume and flavorings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attar", + "atar", + "athar", + "ottar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "essential oil or perfume obtained from flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attar of roses", + "rose oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volatile fragrant oil obtained from fresh roses by steam distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove oil", + "oil of cloves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "essential oil obtained from cloves and used to flavor medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costus oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow volatile essential oil obtained from costusroot; used in perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eucalyptus oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential oil obtained from the leaves of eucalypts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turpentine", + "oil of turpentine", + "spirit of turpentine", + "turps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volatile liquid distilled from turpentine oleoresin; used as paint thinner and solvent and medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormwood oil", + "absinthe oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark bitter oil obtained from wormwood leaves; flavors absinthe liqueurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linalool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless fragrant liquid found in many essential oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resin", + "rosin" + ], + "it": [ + "resina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant exudate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amber" + ], + "it": [ + "ambra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard yellowish to brownish translucent fossil resin; used for jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urea-formaldehyde resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear thermosetting resin made from urea and formaldehyde and used in electrical fittings, adhesives, and finishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle aromatic resin used in varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copalite", + "copaline", + "fossil copal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partly mineralized copal dug from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congo copal", + "congo gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copal found usually as a fossil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kauri", + "kauri copal", + "kauri resin", + "kauri gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resin of the kauri trees of New Zealand; found usually as a fossil; also collected for making varnishes and linoleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dammar", + "gum dammar", + "damar", + "dammar resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various hard resins from trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae and of the genus Agathis; especially the amboyna pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zanzibar copal", + "anime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard copal derived from an African tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colophony" + ], + "it": [ + "colofonia", + "pece greca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translucent brittle substance produced from pine oleoresin; used especially in varnishes and inks and on the bows of stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastic" + ], + "it": [ + "mastice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic exudate from the mastic tree; used chiefly in varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleoresin" + ], + "it": [ + "oleoresina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally occurring mixture of a resin and an essential oil; obtained from certain plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fragrant oleoresins used in medicines and perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balm" + ], + "it": [ + "balsamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aromatic resinous substances used for healing and soothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balm of Gilead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragrant oleoresin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada balsam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow transparent exudate of the balsam fir; used as a transparent cement in optical devices (especially in microscopy) and as a mounting medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turpentine", + "gum terpentine" + ], + "it": [ + "trementina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtained from conifers (especially pines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chian turpentine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turpentine exuded by the terebinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copaiba", + "copaiba balsam", + "balsam capivi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oleoresin used in varnishes and ointments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum resin" + ], + "it": [ + "gommaresina", + "gommoresina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of resin and gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzoin", + "gum benzoin", + "benjamin", + "gum benjamin", + "asa dulcis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gum resin used especially in treating skin irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzofuran", + "coumarone", + "cumarone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless oily compound extracted from coal tar and used in manufacturing synthetic resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bdellium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic gum resin; similar to myrrh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamboge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum resin used as a yellow pigment and a purgative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various substances (soluble in water) that exude from certain plants; they are gelatinous when moist but harden on drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intervening substance through which something is achieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture medium", + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bacteriology) a nutrient substance (solid or liquid) that is used to cultivate micro-organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a substance in which specimens are preserved or displayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast medium", + "contrast material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is opaque to x-rays; when administered it allows a radiologist to examine the organ or tissue it fills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid with which pigment is mixed by a painter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agar", + "agar-agar" + ], + "it": [ + "agar-agar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloidal extract of algae; used especially in culture media and as a gelling agent in foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agar", + "nutrient agar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any culture medium that uses agar as the gelling agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood agar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a culture medium containing whole blood as the nutrient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algin", + "alginic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum used especially as a thickener or emulsifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry-tree gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exudation from trees of the Prunus genus; resembles gum arabic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicle", + "chicle gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gum-like substance from the sapodilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guar gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum from seeds of the guar plant; used to thicken foods and as sizing for paper and cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum arabic", + "gum acacia" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma arabica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gum from an acacia tree; used as a thickener (especially in candies and pharmaceuticals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senegal gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gum arabic from the vicinity of the Senegal river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum butea", + "butea gum", + "butea kino", + "Bengal kino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried juice of the dhak tree; used as an astringent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kino", + "gum kino", + "kino gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum obtained from various tropical plants; used as an astringent and in tanning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesquite gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum obtained from mesquite pods; resembles gum arabic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucilage" + ], + "it": [ + "mucillaggine", + "mucillagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gelatinous substance secreted by plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterculia gum", + "karaya gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exudate of an Asian tree; used for finishing textiles and to thicken foodstuffs and cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthetic", + "synthetic substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound made artificially by chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthetic resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resin having a polymeric structure; especially a resin in the raw state; used chiefly in plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkyd", + "alkyd resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a durable synthetic resin widely used in adhesives and paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenolic resin", + "phenolic", + "phenoplast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermosetting resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epoxy", + "epoxy resin", + "epoxy glue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermosetting resin; used chiefly in strong adhesives and coatings and laminates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copolymer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer consisting of two or more different monomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyurethane", + "polyurethan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various polymers containing the urethane radical; a wide variety of synthetic forms are made and used as adhesives or plastics or paints or rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyfoam", + "polyurethane foam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foam made by adding water to polyurethane plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon stone", + "essonite", + "hessonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garnet ranging in color from yellow to brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumbo", + "gumbo soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fine-grained silty soils that become waxy and very sticky mud when saturated with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutta-percha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whitish rubber derived from the coagulated milky latex of gutta-percha trees; used for insulation of electrical cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terra alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finely pulverized gypsum used especially as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gummite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gummy orange mixture of uranium oxides and silicates occurring naturally in the hydration and oxidation of pitchblende" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halibut-liver oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty oil from halibut livers that is used as a source of vitamin A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halide" + ], + "it": [ + "alogenuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of any halogen acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halocarbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of various compounds of carbon and any of the halogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halogen" + ], + "it": [ + "alogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of five related nonmetallic elements (fluorine or chlorine or bromine or iodine or astatine) that are all monovalent and readily form negative ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanging chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chad that is incompletely removed and hanging by one corner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrefined lead that is hard because of the impurities it contains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard lead", + "antimonial lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lead alloy that contains about 5% antimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel with more than 0.3% carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that contains mineral salts (as calcium and magnesium ions) that limit the formation of lather with soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harlequin opal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish opal with small patches of brilliant color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematite", + "haematite" + ], + "it": [ + "ematite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal form of iron ore; consists of ferric oxide in crystalline form; occurs in a red earthy form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemiacetal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic compound usually formed as an intermediate product in the preparation of acetals from aldehydes or ketones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemolysin", + "haemolysin", + "erythrolysin", + "erythrocytolysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that can cause lysis (destruction) of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heptane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless volatile highly flammable liquid obtained from petroleum and used as an anesthetic or a solvent or in determining octane ratings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbicide", + "weedkiller", + "weed killer" + ], + "it": [ + "diserbante", + "erbicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent that destroys plants or inhibits their growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexane" + ], + "it": [ + "esano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable liquid alkane derived from petroleum and used as a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brass with 35% zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-density lipoprotein", + "HDL", + "alpha-lipoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of a high proportion of protein and relatively little cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-level radioactive waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive waste that left in a nuclear reactor after the nuclear fuel has been consumed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-speed steel", + "hot-work steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy steel that remains hard at a red heat; used to make metal-cutting tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip tile", + "hipped tile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tile shaped so as to cover the hip of a hip roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histaminase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enzyme that acts as a catalyst in converting histidine to histamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material that has been homogenized (especially tissue that has been ground and mixed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsehair" + ], + "it": [ + "crine", + "crino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hair taken from the mane or tail of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humectant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that is added to another substance to keep it moist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humus" + ], + "it": [ + "humus", + "umo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partially decomposed organic matter; the organic component of soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material that is high in humic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark brown humic substance that is soluble in water only at pH values greater than 2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humic substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic residue of decaying organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black humic substance that is not soluble in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyacinth", + "jacinth" + ], + "it": [ + "giacinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red transparent variety of zircon used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaline", + "hyalin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glassy translucent substance that occurs in hyaline cartilage or in certain skin conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaluronic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viscous mucopolysaccharide found in the connective tissue space and the synovial fluid of movable joints and the humors of the eye; a cementing and protective substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaluronidase", + "spreading factor", + "Hyazyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme (trade name Hyazyme) that splits hyaluronic acid and so lowers its viscosity and increases the permeability of connective tissue and the absorption of fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound that contains water of crystallization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrazine" + ], + "it": [ + "idrazina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless fuming corrosive liquid; a powerful reducing agent; used chiefly in rocket fuels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydride" + ], + "it": [ + "idruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any binary compound formed by the union of hydrogen and other elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrobromic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide that is a strong liquid acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrocarbon" + ], + "it": [ + "idrocarburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitumen" + ], + "it": [ + "bitume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various naturally occurring impure mixtures of hydrocarbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "tar" + ], + "it": [ + "catrame", + "impeciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various dark heavy viscid substances obtained as a residue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal tar" + ], + "it": [ + "catrame minerale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tar formed from distillation of bituminous coal; coal tar can be further distilled to give various aromatic compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butadiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gaseous hydrocarbon C4H6; used in making synthetic rubbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroprene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derivative of butadiene used in making neoprene by polymerization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrochloric acid", + "chlorohydric acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido cloridrico", + "acido muriatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride; a strongly corrosive acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrofluorocarbon", + "HFC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorocarbon emitted as a by-product of industrial manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen bromide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless gas that yields hydrobromic acid in solution with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen chloride" + ], + "it": [ + "acido cloridrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless corrosive gas (HCl)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen fluoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless poisonous corrosive liquid made by the action of sulphuric acid on calcium fluoride; solutions in water are hydrofluoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrofluoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak poisonous liquid acid; formed by solution of hydrogen fluoride in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen iodide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless gas that yields hydroiodic acid in aqueous solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroiodic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid formed by aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen sulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfide having the unpleasant smell of rotten eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyper-eutectoid steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel that contains more than 0.9% carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnagogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that induces drowsiness or sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypo", + "sodium thiosulphate", + "sodium thiosulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound used as a fixing agent in photographic developing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochlorous acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak unstable acid known only in solution and in its salts; used as a bleaching agent and as an oxidizing agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypo-eutectoid steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel that contains less that 0.9% carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoglycemic agent", + "hypoglycaemic agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various agents that decrease the level of glucose in the blood and are used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrazo group", + "hydrazo radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bivalent group -HNNH- derived from hydrazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxide" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidrile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound containing the hydroxyl group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxyl", + "hydroxyl group", + "hydroxyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidrile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monovalent group -OH in such compounds as bases and some acids and alcohols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxide ion", + "hydroxyl ion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anion OH having one oxygen and one hydrogen atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxymethyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a methyl with hydroxide replacing the hydrogen atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice", + "water ice" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water frozen in the solid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin coating of ice (as from freezing mist) on a road or sidewalk; nearly invisible but very hazardous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost", + "hoar", + "hoarfrost", + "rime" + ], + "it": [ + "brina", + "brinata", + "galaverna", + "gelo", + "ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hailstone" + ], + "it": [ + "chicco", + "chicco di grandine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pellet of ice that falls during a hailstorm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icicle" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiacciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice resembling a pendent spear, formed by the freezing of dripping water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent calcite found in Iceland and used in polarizing microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identification particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny particle of material that can be added to a product to indicate the source of manufacture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inconel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nickel-base alloy with chromium and iron; used in gas-turbine blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideal gas", + "perfect gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical gas with molecules of negligible size that exert no intermolecular forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imidazole", + "iminazole", + "glyoxaline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic base C3H4N2; a histamine inhibitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material with which something is impregnated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indelible ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ink that cannot be erased or washed away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "India ink", + "drawing ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black liquid ink used for printing or writing or drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance; can be used to indicate the completion of a chemical reaction or (in medicine) to test for a particular reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indurated clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardened clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid used for printing or writing or drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ink that contains particles of a magnetic substance whose presence can be detected by magnetic sensors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer's ink", + "printing ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semisolid quick drying ink made especially for use in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any permanent or washable ink used with pens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red soil containing ferric oxide; often used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red pigment composed in part from ferric oxide which is often used in paints and cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indoleacetic acid", + "IAA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant hormone promoting elongation of stems and roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indolebutyric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic plant hormone promoting elongation of stems and roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inducer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent capable of activating specific genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black pigment made from grinding burnt ivory in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense" + ], + "it": [ + "incenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that produces a fragrant odor when burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhalant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is inhaled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculant", + "inoculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance (a virus or toxin or immune serum) that is introduced into the body to produce or increase immunity to a particular disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inorganic compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound that does not contain carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside that is formed by the deamination of adenosine; used in kidney transplantation to provide a temporary source of sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inositol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optically inactive alcohol that is a component of the vitamin B complex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insecticide", + "insect powder" + ], + "it": [ + "insetticida", + "polvere insetticida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical used to kill insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insectifuge", + "insect repellent", + "insect repellant" + ], + "it": [ + "insettifugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that repels insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repellent", + "repellant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that repels animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repellent", + "repellant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound with which fabrics are treated to repel water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid that is instilled drop by drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulating material", + "insulant", + "insulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interleukin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several lymphokines that promote macrophages and killer T cells and B cells and other components of the immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermediate" + ], + "it": [ + "intermedio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance formed during a chemical process before the desired product is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Invar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of iron and nickel having a low coefficient of thermal expansion; used in tuning forks and measuring tapes and other instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invertase", + "saccharase", + "sucrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invert sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose; found naturally in fruits; sweeter than glucose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Javelle water", + "Javel water", + "eau de Javelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soluble crystalline acid; used as a reagent and disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodide" + ], + "it": [ + "ioduro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of hydriodic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodocompound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing the covalent iodine radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation made from iodinated protein and having an action similar to thyroxine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroglobulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iodine containing protein that is obtained from the thyroid gland and exhibits the general properties of the globulins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron blue", + "Prussian blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various blue pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron blue", + "steel grey", + "steel gray", + "Davy's grey", + "Davy's gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly purplish or bluish dark grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Payne's grey", + "Payne's gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pigment that produces a greyish to dark greyish blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron disulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing two atoms of sulfur combined with iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron ore" + ], + "it": [ + "minerale di ferro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ore from which iron can be extracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron perchloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly toxic chemical used to engrave metal plates and electronic circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isocyanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of isocyanic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isocyanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid known only in the form of its esters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoleucine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomer" + ], + "it": [ + "isomero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomerase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes its substrate to an isomeric form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itaconic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline carboxylic acid; occurs in some fermentations of sugars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jade", + "jadestone" + ], + "it": [ + "giada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiprecious gemstone that takes a high polish; is usually green but sometimes whitish; consists of jadeite or nephrite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan wax", + "Japan tallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow wax obtained from sumac berries; used in polishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jargoon", + "jargon" + ], + "it": [ + "giargone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless (or pale yellow or smoky) variety of zircon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jasper" + ], + "it": [ + "diaspro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opaque form of quartz; red or yellow or brown or dark green in color; used for ornamentation or as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance having the consistency of jelly or gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet" + ], + "it": [ + "gagate", + "gaietto", + "giaietto", + "giavazzo", + "jais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard black form of lignite that takes a brilliant polish and is used in jewelry or ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joss stick" + ], + "it": [ + "bastoncino d'incenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender stick of incense burned before a joss by the Chinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jute" + ], + "it": [ + "iuta", + "juta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant fiber used in making rope or sacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kapok", + "silk cotton", + "vegetable silk" + ], + "it": [ + "capoc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant fiber from the kapok tree; used for stuffing and insulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red silk cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant fiber from the red silk-cotton tree of eastern India; inferior to kapok" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraffin", + "paraffin oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British usage) kerosine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratohyalin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyaline in the large granules of the stratum granulosum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketone" + ], + "it": [ + "chetone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketone body", + "acetone body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketone group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group having the characteristic properties of ketones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetoacetic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unstable acid found in abnormal amounts in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism (as diabetes mellitus or starvation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta-hydroxybutyric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beta derivative of hydroxybutyric acid that is found in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxybutyric acid", + "oxybutyric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydroxy derivative of butyric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketohexose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monosaccharide having six carbon atoms and a ketone group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any monosaccharide sugar that contains a ketone group or its hemiacetal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kleenex" + ], + "it": [ + "kleenex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of soft absorbent paper (usually two or more thin layers) used as a disposable handkerchief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kunzite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinkish lilac crystal form of the mineral spodumene that is used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation of lindane (trade name Kwell) that is used to kill lice and itch mites; available in cream or shampoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labdanum", + "gum labdanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark brown to greenish oleoresin that has a fragrant odor and is used as a fixative in perfumes; obtained as a juice from certain rockroses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacquer" + ], + "it": [ + "lacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black resinous substance obtained from certain trees and used as a natural varnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactase", + "Lactaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear odorless hygroscopic syrupy carboxylic acid found in sour milk and in many fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactifuge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that reduces milk secretion (as given to a woman who is not breast feeding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that enhances milk production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactose", + "milk sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "lattosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sugar comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule; occurs only in milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamellar mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture in which substances occur in distinct layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapis lazuli", + "lazuli" + ], + "it": [ + "lapislazoli", + "lapislazzuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an azure blue semiprecious stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lard oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil consisting chiefly of olein that is expressed from lard and used especially as a lubricant, cutting oil or illuminant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larvicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical used to kill larval pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laterite" + ], + "it": [ + "laterite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red soil produced by rock decay; contains insoluble deposits of ferric and aluminum oxides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lath and plaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building material consisting of thin strips of wood that provide a foundation for a coat of plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lauric acid", + "dodecanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline fatty acid occurring as glycerides in natural fats and oils (especially coconut oil and palm-kernel oil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lauryl alcohol", + "1-dodecanol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless insoluble solid alcohol used to make detergents and pharmaceuticals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brass (or a yellow alloy resembling brass) that was hammered into thin sheets; formerly used for church utensils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lava" + ], + "it": [ + "lava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock that in its molten form (as magma) issues from volcanos; lava is what magma is called when it reaches the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuff", + "tufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard volcanic rock composed of compacted volcanic ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufa", + "calc-tufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft porous rock consisting of calcium carbonate deposited from springs rich in lime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry form of lava resembling clinkers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pahoehoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freely flowing lava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow lava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lava that hardened in rounded shapes suggestive of pillows; believed to result from underwater eruptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magma" + ], + "it": [ + "magma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "molten rock in the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "igneous rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock formed by the solidification of molten magma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adesite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark greyish extrusive rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batholith", + "batholite", + "pluton", + "plutonic rock" + ], + "it": [ + "batolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mass of intrusive igneous rock believed to have solidified deep within the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a granular crystalline intrusive rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gabbro" + ], + "it": [ + "eufotide", + "gabbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a family of granular intrusive rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pegmatite" + ], + "it": [ + "pegmatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of igneous rock consisting of extremely coarse granite resulting from the crystallization of magma rich in rare elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peridotite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark coarse-grained igneous rock consisting principally of olivine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kimberlite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare type of peridotite that sometimes contains diamonds; found in South Africa and Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very acid volcanic rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanic rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extrusive igneous rock solidified near or on the surface of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaded bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bronze to which 1-4% lead is added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ore containing lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massicot", + "massicotite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mineral form of lead monoxide; in the form of yellow powder it is used as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf mold", + "leaf mould", + "leaf soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil composed mainly of decaying leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaven", + "leavening" + ], + "it": [ + "lievito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used to produce fermentation in dough or a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ledger paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a durable writing paper used in record books and business ledgers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidocrocite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red to reddish brown mineral consisting of iron oxide hydroxide; often found in iron ores together with goethite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laid paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing paper having a watermark of fine lines running across the grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wove paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing paper having a very faint mesh pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing paper for use in writing correspondence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lindane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline powder used as an agricultural insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linen", + "linen paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-quality paper made of linen fibers or with a linen finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leucine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignin" + ], + "it": [ + "lignina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex polymer; the chief constituent of wood other than carbohydrates; binds to cellulose fibers to harden and strengthen cell walls of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxide", + "hydrated oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound of an oxide with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcite" + ], + "it": [ + "calcite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common mineral consisting of crystallized calcium carbonate; a major constituent of limestone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium hydroxide", + "lime", + "slaked lime", + "hydrated lime", + "calcium hydrate", + "caustic lime", + "lime hydrate" + ], + "it": [ + "calce spenta", + "calcina", + "idrossido di calcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caustic substance produced by heating limestone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limestone" + ], + "it": [ + "calcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rottenstone", + "tripoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weathered and decomposed siliceous limestone; in powdered form it is used in polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dripstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of calcium carbonate found in stalactites and stalagmites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium bicarbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bicarbonate that is a major cause of hard water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt found in nature as chalk or calcite or aragonite or limestone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limewater" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua di calce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solution of calcium hydroxide in water used as an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliquescent salt; used in de-icing and as a drying agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium hydride", + "hydrolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saltlike binary compound (CaH2) used as a reducing agent and source of hydrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium sulphate", + "calcium sulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white salt (CaSO4)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limonene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid terpene with a lemon odor; found in lemons and oranges and other essential oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limonite" + ], + "it": [ + "limonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely occurring iron oxide ore; a mixture of goethite and hematite and lepidocrocite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linoleic acid", + "linolic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid polyunsaturated fatty acid abundant in plant fats and oils; a fatty acid essential for nutrition; used to make soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linolenic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid polyunsaturated fatty acid that occurs in some plant oils; an essential fatty acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linoleum", + "lino" + ], + "it": [ + "linoleum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floor covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine ravellings of cotton or linen fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linuron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbicide that kills weeds without harming vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipase" + ], + "it": [ + "lipasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme secreted in the digestive tract that catalyzes the breakdown of fats into individual fatty acids that can be absorbed into the bloodstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipid", + "lipide", + "lipoid" + ], + "it": [ + "grasso", + "lipide", + "lipoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oily organic compound insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents; essential structural component of living cells (along with proteins and carbohydrates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipoprotein" + ], + "it": [ + "lipoproteina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conjugated protein having a lipid component; the principal means for transporting lipids in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluid" + ], + "it": [ + "fluido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick viscous liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichor" + ], + "it": [ + "icore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the rarified fluid said to flow in the veins of the Gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluid" + ], + "it": [ + "fluido", + "liquido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid" + ], + "it": [ + "liquido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fluid matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid" + ], + "it": [ + "liquido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is liquid at room temperature and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid nitrogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen in a liquid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air in a liquid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid bleach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution containing bleaching agents; used for laundry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid crystal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid exhibiting properties of a crystal that are not shown by ordinary liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid substance that is a solution (or emulsion or suspension) used or obtained in an industrial process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litmus", + "litmus test" + ], + "it": [ + "laccamuffa", + "tornasole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coloring material (obtained from lichens) that turns red in acid solutions and blue in alkaline solutions; used as a very rough acid-base indicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litmus paper" + ], + "it": [ + "cartina al tornasole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsized paper treated with litmus for use as an acid-base indicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithia water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mineral water containing lithium salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithium carbonate", + "Lithane", + "Lithonate", + "Eskalith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powder (LiCO3) used in manufacturing glass and ceramics and as a drug; the drug (trade names Lithane or Lithonate or Eskalith) is used to treat some forms of depression and manic episodes of manic-depressive disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich soil consisting of a mixture of sand and clay and decaying organic materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodestone", + "loadstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent magnet consisting of magnetite that possess polarity and has the power to attract as well as to be attracted magnetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine-grained unstratified accumulation of clay and silt deposited by the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log" + ], + "it": [ + "ciocco", + "tronco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brass with 30% (or less) zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-density lipoprotein", + "LDL", + "beta-lipoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-level radioactive waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) radioactive waste consisting of objects that have been briefly exposed to radioactivity (as in certain medical tests)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumber", + "timber" + ], + "it": [ + "legname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lye" + ], + "it": [ + "liscivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphokine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cytokine secreted by helper T cells in response to stimulation by antigens and that acts on other cells of the immune system (as by activating macrophages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysine" + ], + "it": [ + "lisina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysol" + ], + "it": [ + "lisoformio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear oily brown solution of cresols in soap; used as an antiseptic and disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysozyme", + "muramidase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mace", + "Chemical Mace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a liquid that temporarily disables a person; prepared as an aerosol and sprayed in the face, it irritates the eyes and causes dizziness and immobilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macromolecule", + "supermolecule" + ], + "it": [ + "macromolecola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium bicarbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bicarbonate that is a major cause of hard water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very white crystalline salt that occurs naturally as magnesite or as dolomite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium hydroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline powder used chiefly in medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium nitride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nitride containing nitrogen and magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnesium sulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of magnesium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epsom salts", + "bitter salts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydrated magnesium sulfate that is taken orally to treat heartburn and constipation and injected to prevent seizures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetite", + "magnetic iron-ore" + ], + "it": [ + "magnetite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide of iron that is strongly attracted by magnets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malathion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow insecticide used as a dust or spray to control garden pests and house flies and mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of maleic acid; used as a nontricyclic antidepressant drug for psychomotor activation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline compound found in unripe fruit (such as apples or tomatoes or cherries) and used mainly to make polyester resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maltose", + "malt sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "maltosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline sugar formed during the digestion of starches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifold paper", + "manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight paper used with carbon paper to make multiple copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manila", + "manila paper", + "manilla", + "manilla paper" + ], + "it": [ + "manilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganese bronze", + "high-strength brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass with from 1-4% manganese to harden it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganese steel", + "austenitic manganese steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel with a relatively large component (10-14%) of manganese; highly resistant to wear and shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manganate" + ], + "it": [ + "manganato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of manganic acid containing manganese as its anion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manila hemp", + "Manilla hemp", + "abaca" + ], + "it": [ + "abacà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of hemp obtained from the abaca plant in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar made from the sap of the sugar maple tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marble" + ], + "it": [ + "marmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verd antique", + "verde antique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark green impure marble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marking ink" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiostro indelebile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indelible ink for marking clothes or linens etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas delle paludi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "methane gas produced when vegetation decomposes in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martensite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid solution of carbon in alpha-iron that is formed when steel is cooled so rapidly that the change from austenite to pearlite is suppressed; responsible for the hardness of quenched steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of mashed malt grains and hot water; used in brewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour mash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mash with optimum acidity for yeast fermentation; a mixture of old and new mash; used in distilling some whiskeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchwood" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood suitable for making matchsticks" + ], + "it": [ + "legno per fiammiferi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchwood", + "splinters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood in small pieces or splinters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) amass of fine-grained rock in which fossils, crystals, or gems are embedded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of sulfides that forms when sulfide metal ores are smelted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel with 0.15-0.3% carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megilp", + "magilp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium for oil-paints; linseed oil mixed with mastic varnish or turpentine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melamine", + "cyanuramide" + ], + "it": [ + "melammina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline organic base; used mainly in making melamine resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melamine resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermosetting resin formed from melamine and an aldehyde; used in molded products, adhesives, and coatings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meltwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melted snow or ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menhaden oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty oil obtained from the menhaden fish and used in paint and ink and in treating leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menstruum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archaic) a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menthol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline compound that has the cool and minty taste and odor that occurs naturally in peppermint oil; used as a flavoring and in medicine to relieve itching, pain, and nasal congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercuric chloride", + "mercury chloride", + "bichloride of mercury", + "corrosive sublimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white poisonous soluble crystalline sublimate of mercury; used as a pesticide or antiseptic or wood preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calomel", + "mercurous chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tasteless colorless powder used medicinally as a cathartic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message pad", + "writing pad" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "blocco di carta da scrivere", + "blocco di carta da lettera", + "blocco di carta da lettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad of paper on which messages can be written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methane" + ], + "it": [ + "metano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless odorless gas used as a fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methane series", + "alkane series", + "alkane", + "paraffin series", + "paraffin" + ], + "it": [ + "alcano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of non-aromatic saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH(2n+2)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyl bromide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous gas or liquid (CH3Br) used to fumigate rodents, worms, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylated spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ethyl alcohol denatured with methyl alcohol to prevent its use as an alcoholic beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylene group", + "methylene radical", + "methylene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bivalent radical CH2 derived from methane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyl", + "methyl group", + "methyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "metile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent radical CH3- derived from methane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methionine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline amino acid containing sulfur; found in most proteins and essential for nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyl salicylate", + "birch oil", + "sweet-birch oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid ester with a strong odor of wintergreen; applied externally for minor muscle and joint pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microtaggant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a microscopic and traceable identification particle used to trace explosives or other hazardous materials or to prevent counterfeiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mild steel", + "low-carbon steel", + "soft-cast steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel with less than 0.15% carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pig iron made entirely from ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distillate of petroleum (especially one used medicinally as a laxative or stool softener)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misch metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyrophoric alloy made from a mixture of rare-earth metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that triggers mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio lubrificante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil used to lubricate the moving parts of a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose soil rich in organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molybdenum steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel containing 10-15% molybdenum; properties are similar to tungsten steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molecule containing one amine group (especially one that is a neurotransmitter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoamine oxidase", + "MAO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of many body compounds (e.g., epinephrine and norepinephrine and serotonin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monohydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrate that contains one molecule of water per molecule of the compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monosaccharide", + "monosaccharose", + "simple sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "manosio", + "monosaccaride", + "monosio", + "monoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoxide" + ], + "it": [ + "monossido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide containing just one atom of oxygen in the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "montan wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard wax obtained from lignite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonstone" + ], + "it": [ + "lunaria", + "pietra di luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent or translucent gemstone with a pearly luster; some specimens are orthoclase feldspar and others are plagioclase feldspar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mordant" + ], + "it": [ + "mordente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used to treat leather or other materials before dyeing; aids in dyeing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome alum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violet-colored salt used in hide tanning and as a mordant in dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartar emetic", + "antimony potassium tartrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous colorless salt used as a mordant and in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartrate" + ], + "it": [ + "tartrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of tartaric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitartrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid tartrate; a hydrogen tartrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morganite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pink beryl used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortar" + ], + "it": [ + "malta", + "calcina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a bond in masonry or for covering a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several glycoproteins similar to mucin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucopolysaccharide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complex polysaccharides containing an amino group; occur chiefly as components of connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud", + "clay" + ], + "it": [ + "fango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water soaked soil; soft wet earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop", + "mire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep soft mud in water or slush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sludge", + "slime", + "goo", + "goop", + "gook", + "guck", + "gunk", + "muck", + "ooze" + ], + "it": [ + "belletta", + "fanghiglia", + "limo", + "melma", + "mota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any thick, viscous matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapropel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sludge (rich in organic matter) that accumulates at the bottom of lakes or oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muriatic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former name for hydrochloric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music paper", + "score paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper with lines appropriate for writing music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard gas", + "mustard agent", + "blistering agent", + "dichloroethyl sulfide", + "sulfur mustard" + ], + "it": [ + "iprite", + "yprite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic war gas with sulfide based compounds that raises blisters and attacks the eyes and lungs; there is no known antidote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest unit of DNA where a mutation can occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen mustard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic compound resembling mustard gas in structure; important in cancer treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutton tallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tallow from the body of a mature sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelin", + "myeline", + "medulla" + ], + "it": [ + "mielina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white fatty substance that forms a medullary sheath around the axis cylinder of some nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myristic acid", + "tetradecanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saturated fatty acid occurring naturally in animal and vegetable fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "napalm" + ], + "it": [ + "napalm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gasoline jelled with aluminum soaps; highly incendiary liquid used in fire bombs and flamethrowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naphtha" + ], + "it": [ + "nafta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naphthalene" + ], + "it": [ + "naftalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naphthol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two phenols derived from naphthalene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 extracted from coal tar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man-made fiber", + "synthetic fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber created from natural materials or by chemical processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural fiber", + "natural fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber derived from plants or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal fiber", + "animal fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber derived from animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant fiber", + "plant fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber derived from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw" + ], + "it": [ + "paglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural gas", + "gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas", + "gas metano", + "metano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fossil fuel in the gaseous state; used for cooking and heating homes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval brass", + "Admiralty brass", + "Admiralty Metal", + "Tobin bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alpha-beta brass containing tin; resistant to sea water; Admiralty Metal is a trademark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neat's-foot oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale yellow oil made from the feet and legs of cattle; used as a dressing for leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve gas", + "nerve agent" + ], + "it": [ + "gas nervino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "VX gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly lethal nerve agent used in chemical warfare; a toxic liquid that penetrates the skin or lungs to disrupt the nervous system and stop respiration; in combat VX gas is deployed by detonating a container over the target area and can persist in the environment up to several weeks after release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarin", + "GB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuromuscular blocking agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that interferes with the neural transmission between motor neurons and skeletal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper", + "newsprint" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carta da giornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheap paper made from wood pulp and used for printing newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nichrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of nickel and chromium with high electrical resistance and an ability to withstand high temperatures; used for resistance heating elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel-base alloy", + "nickel alloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy whose main constituent is nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bronze containing up to 30% nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel silver", + "German silver" + ], + "it": [ + "alpacca", + "argentana", + "argentone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver-white alloy containing copper and zinc and nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy steel containing nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide", + "NAD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate", + "NADP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coenzyme similar to NAD and present in most living cells but serves as a reductant in different metabolic processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ni-hard", + "Ni-hard iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast iron to which nickel has been added to make it resist abrasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ni-resist", + "Ni-resist iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast iron consisting of graphite in a matrix of austenite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrobenzene" + ], + "it": [ + "mirbana", + "nitrobenzene", + "nitrobenzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous oily water-soluble liquid used as a solvent and in the manufacture of aniline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrofuran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derivative of furan used to inhibit bacterial growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogenase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleoside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleotide", + "base" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleotide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large decomposing tree trunk that has fallen, usually in a forest; the decaying wood provides moisture and nutrients for a variety of insects and plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose acetate" + ], + "it": [ + "acetilcellulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of acetic acid; used in fibers and fabrics; photographic films and varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose triacetate", + "triacetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cellulose acetate that is relatively slow to burn; used instead of celluloid for motion-picture film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celluloid" + ], + "it": [ + "celluloide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly flammable substance made from cellulose nitrate and camphor; used in e.g. motion-picture and X-ray film; its use has decreased with the development of nonflammable thermoplastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose xanthate", + "viscose" + ], + "it": [ + "viscosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cellulose ester obtained by treating cellulose with caustic soda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylic fiber", + "acrylic" + ], + "it": [ + "acrilico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polymerized from acrylonitrile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyamide", + "polymeric amide" + ], + "it": [ + "poliammide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer containing repeated amide groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nylon" + ], + "it": [ + "nailon", + "nylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermoplastic polyamide; a family of strong resilient synthetic fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oakum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose hemp or jute fiber obtained by unravelling old ropes; when impregnated with tar it was used to caulk seams and pack joints in wooden ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octane" + ], + "it": [ + "ottano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any isomeric saturated hydrocarbon found in petroleum and used as a fuel and solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed oil", + "fatty oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonvolatile animal or plant oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusel oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of amyl alcohols and propanol and butanol formed from distillation of fermented liquors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas oil" + ], + "it": [ + "gasolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil formed through distillation of petroleum of intermediate boiling range and viscosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick oil comprised of linseed, tung, or soya oils which have been heated to over 300 C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neroli oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odoriferous yellow oil found in orange flowers and used in perfumery and as a flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil derived from wood pulp and used in making soaps or lubricants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil-hardened steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel that is quenched in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilpaper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that has been made translucent and waterproof by soaking in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless oily liquid occurring as a glyceride; it is the major fatty acid in olive oil and canola oil; used in making soap and cosmetics and ointments and lubricating oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleo oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtained from beef fat; used in making margarine and soap and in lubrication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleoresin capiscum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oleoresin extracted from the capsicum pepper plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligosaccharide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onionskin", + "flimsy" + ], + "it": [ + "vergatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strong lightweight translucent paper used especially for making carbon copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "india paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin tough opaque paper used in fine books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onyx" + ], + "it": [ + "onice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chalcedony with alternating black and white bands; used in making cameos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opaque gem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gemstone that is opaque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opopanax" + ], + "it": [ + "opopanaco", + "opoponaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odorous gum resin formerly used in medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organophosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insecticide that interferes with an insect's nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organophosphate nerve agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of nerve agents containing organophosphate compounds first synthesized by German chemists in 1936; in World War II the Germans tested them in concentration camps but not on the battlefield; Iraq is alleged to have used them against Iran and against the Kurds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ormolu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brass that looks like gold; used to decorate furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxalacetate", + "oxaloacetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of oxalacetic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxalacetic acid", + "oxaloacetic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid formed by oxidation of maleic acid (as in metabolism of fats and carbohydrates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxalate" + ], + "it": [ + "ossalato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of oxalic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxalic acid", + "ethanedioic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic colorless crystalline organic acid found in oxalis and other plants; used as a bleach and rust remover and in chemical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidase" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidasi", + "xantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidation-reduction indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator that shows a reversible color change between oxidized and reduced forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxide" + ], + "it": [ + "ossido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound of oxygen with another element or a radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidoreductase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound containing the group -C=NOH" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyacetylene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyacid", + "oxygen acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any acid that contains oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any acid of iodine that contains oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygenase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozone" + ], + "it": [ + "ozono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad", + "pad of paper", + "tablet" + ], + "it": [ + "blocchetto", + "blocco", + "blocco di carta", + "blocchetto di carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmitic acid", + "hexadecanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saturated fatty acid that is the major fat in meat and dairy products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmitin" + ], + "it": [ + "palmitina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of glycerol and palmitic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantothenic acid", + "pantothen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papain" + ], + "it": [ + "papaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proteolytic enzyme obtained from the unripe papaya; used as a meat tenderizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "para aminobenzoic acid", + "PABA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraquat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous yellow solid used in solution as a herbicide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto industriale ottenuto dalla lavorazione della cellulosa o di sostanze fibrose di vario genere, si presenta in fogli più o meno sottili adatti a vari usi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper tape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow strip of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper toweling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absorbent paper used as toweling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papier-mache", + "paper-mache" + ], + "it": [ + "cartapesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance made from paper pulp that can be molded when wet and painted when dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parchment" + ], + "it": [ + "pergamena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior paper resembling sheepskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta di riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin delicate material resembling paper; made from the rice-paper tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roofing paper", + "tar paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy paper impregnated with tar and used as part of a roof for waterproofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ola", + "olla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf or strip from a leaf of the talipot palm used in India for writing paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticker tape" + ], + "it": [ + "stelle filanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous thin ribbon of paper on which stock quotes are written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packing material", + "packing", + "wadding" + ], + "it": [ + "imballaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any material used especially to protect something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excelsior", + "wood shavings" + ], + "it": [ + "trucioli di legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin curly wood shavings used for packing or stuffing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roofing tile with a S-shape; laid so that curves overlap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacktop", + "blacktopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black bituminous material used for paving roads or other areas; usually spread over crushed rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macadam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broken stone used in macadamized roadways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarmacadam", + "tarmac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paving material of tar and broken stone; mixed in a factory and shaped during paving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parget", + "pargeting", + "pargetting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaster used to coat outer walls and line chimneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paving", + "pavement", + "paving material" + ], + "it": [ + "lastricato", + "selciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used to pave an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay dirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ore that yields a substantial profit to the miner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearlite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamellar mixture of cementite and ferrite formed during the cooling of austenite; a constituent of steel and cast iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex acid that occurs in ripe fruit and some vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectin" + ], + "it": [ + "pectina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various water-soluble colloidal carbohydrates that occur in ripe fruit and vegetables; used in making fruit jellies and jams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediculicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent that kills lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillinase", + "beta-lactamase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enzyme produced by certain bacteria that inactivates penicillin and results in resistance to that antibiotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepsin" + ], + "it": [ + "pepsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme produced in the stomach that splits proteins into peptones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepsinogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precursor of pepsin; stored in the stomach walls and converted to pepsin by hydrochloric acid in the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perboric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of boric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfluorocarbon", + "PFC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful greenhouse gas emitted during the production of aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Permalloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an 80/20 alloy of nickel and iron; easily magnetized and demagnetized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanganate" + ], + "it": [ + "permanganato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark purple salt of permanganic acid; in water solution it is used as a disinfectant and antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanganic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable purple acid (HMnO4) known only in solution or of permanganate salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroxidase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of enzymes (occurring especially in plant cells) that catalyze the oxidation of a compound by a peroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peridot" + ], + "it": [ + "peridoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale green variety of chrysolite; used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroxide" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua ossigenata", + "perossido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inorganic compound containing the divalent ion -O-O-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesticide" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfestante", + "pesticida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrochemical" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto petrolchimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound obtained from petroleum or natural gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petroleum", + "crude oil", + "crude", + "rock oil", + "fossil oil", + "oil" + ], + "it": [ + "petrolio", + "greggio", + "oro nero", + "petrolio greggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residual oil", + "resid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil products that remain after petroleum has been distilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrolatum", + "petroleum jelly", + "mineral jelly" + ], + "it": [ + "vaselina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in medicinal ointments and for lubrication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenolic plastic", + "phenolic urea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic consisting of phenolic resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenylalanine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosgene" + ], + "it": [ + "fosgene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless poisonous gas that smells like new-mown hay; used in chemical warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphatase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphine" + ], + "it": [ + "fosfina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless gas with a strong fishy smell; used as a pesticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphate", + "orthophosphate", + "inorganic phosphate" + ], + "it": [ + "fosfato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of phosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphocreatine", + "creatine phosphate", + "creatine phosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic compound of creatine and phosphoric acid; found in the muscles of vertebrates where its hydrolysis releases energy for muscular contraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phospholipid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base; an important constituent of membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphoric acid", + "orthophosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid used in fertilizers and soaps: H3PO4" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phthalic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless acid used to make dyes and perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytochemical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance obtained from plants that is biologically active but not nutritive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow toxic highly explosive strong acid; used in high explosives and as a dye and in chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crude iron tapped from a blast furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead that is cast in pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmin", + "fibrinolysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasminogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive form of plasmin that occurs in plasma and is converted to plasmin by organic solvents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasminogen activator", + "urokinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protease produced in the kidney that converts plasminogen to plasmin and so initiates fibrinolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platinum black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine black powder of platinum; used as a catalyst in chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymerase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of new DNA and RNA from an existing strand of DNA or RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DNA polymerase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enzyme responsible for DNA replication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcriptase", + "RNA polymerase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enzyme that copies DNA into RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse transcriptase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymerase that catalyzes the formation of DNA using RNA as a template; found especially in retroviruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloring material", + "colouring material", + "color", + "colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any material used for its color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dye", + "dyestuff" + ], + "it": [ + "colorante", + "tinta", + "tintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually soluble substance for staining or coloring e.g. fabrics or hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tincture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substances that colors metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argent" + ], + "it": [ + "argento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal tincture used in heraldry to give a silvery appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alizarin", + "alizarine" + ], + "it": [ + "alizarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange-red crystalline compound used in making red pigments and in dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alizarin carmine", + "alizarin crimson", + "alizarin red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various acid dyes; used for dyeing wool scarlet red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluing", + "blueing", + "blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to whiten laundry or hair or give it a bluish tinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromophenol blue", + "bromphenol blue", + "tetrabromo-phenolsulfonephthalein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dye used as an acid-base indicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromothymol blue", + "bromthymol blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dye used as an acid-base indicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cochineal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red dyestuff consisting of dried bodies of female cochineal insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanine dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of dyes containing a -CH= group linking two heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen; used as sensitizers in photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct dye", + "substantive dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye with a high affinity for cellulose fibers (cotton or rayon etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eosin", + "bromeosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red fluorescent dye resulting from the action of bromine on fluorescein; used in cosmetics and as a biological stain for studying cell structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescein", + "fluoresceine", + "fluorescent dye", + "resorcinolphthalein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow dye that is visible even when highly diluted; used as an absorption indicator when silver nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride in order to precipitate silver chloride (turns pink when no chloride ions are left in solution and negative fluorescein ions are then absorbed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescein isothiocyanate", + "fluorescein isocyanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorochrome commonly conjugated with antibodies for use in indirect immunofluorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorochrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fluorescent substances used in fluorescence microscopy to stain specimens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair dye", + "hair coloring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dye or tint for the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematochrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish coloring material found in some algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henna" + ], + "it": [ + "alcanna", + "enna", + "henna", + "henné" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish brown dye used especially on hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinse" + ], + "it": [ + "cachet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid preparation used on wet hair to give it a tint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kendal green", + "Kendal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green dye, often used to color cloth, which is obtained from the woad plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lac dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scarlet dye like cochineal; extracted with alkali from stick lac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead acetate", + "sugar of lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous white solid (Pb[CH3CO]2) used in dyeing cotton and in making enamels and varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchil", + "archil", + "cudbear" + ], + "it": [ + "oricello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purplish dye obtained from orchil lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of weakly acidic organic compounds; molecule contains one or more hydroxyl groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigment" + ], + "it": [ + "pigmento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance whose presence in plant or animal tissues produces a characteristic color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft oily clay used as a pigment (especially a reddish brown pigment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous bright translucent organic pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purplish red pigment prepared from lac or cochineal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange" + ], + "it": [ + "arancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pigment producing the orange color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolor", + "water-color", + "watercolour", + "water-colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water-soluble pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine tar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark viscous substance obtained from the destructive distillation of pine wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisang wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wax obtained from the leaves of a plantain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant material", + "plant substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material derived from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant product" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product made from plant material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma" + ], + "it": [ + "plasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green slightly translucent variety of chalcedony used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster" + ], + "it": [ + "intonacatura", + "intonaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of lime or gypsum with sand and water; hardens into a smooth solid; used to cover walls and ceilings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster of Paris", + "plaster" + ], + "it": [ + "gesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several gypsum cements; a white powder (a form of calcium sulphate) that forms a paste when mixed with water and hardens into a solid; used in making molds and sculptures and casts for broken limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of wet clay and sand that can be used to line a pond and that is impervious to water when dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podzol", + "podzol soil", + "podsol", + "podsol soil", + "podsolic soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soil that develops in temperate to cold moist climates under coniferous or heath vegetation; an organic mat over a grey leached layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas tossico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas that is poisonous to breath or contact; used in chemical warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex ester used for making fibers or resins or plastics or as a plasticizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous synthetic resins; they are light and strong and weather resistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyester fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick-drying resilient synthetic fiber consisting primarily of polyester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysaccharide", + "polyose" + ], + "it": [ + "poliosio", + "polioso", + "polisaccaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymer" + ], + "it": [ + "polimero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of polyphosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyunsaturated fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of fats having long carbon chains with many double bonds unsaturated with hydrogen atoms; used in some margarines; supposedly associated with low blood cholesterol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium ferrocyanide", + "yellow prussiate of potash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyanide compound that is prepared by the reaction of potassium cyanide with ferrous salts; commonly used by gardeners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium permanganate", + "permanganate of potash" + ], + "it": [ + "permanganato di potassio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous salt that forms dark purple crystals and is purple-red when dissolved in water; used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant and antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandstone" + ], + "it": [ + "arenaria", + "macigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-grey sandstone used for paving and building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greensand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an olive-green sandstone containing glauconite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish" + ], + "it": [ + "lucido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation used in polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypropylene", + "polypropene" + ], + "it": [ + "polipropilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer of propylene used as a thermoplastic molding material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyvinyl-formaldehyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer of vinyl formaldehyde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porphyry", + "porphyritic rock" + ], + "it": [ + "porfido", + "porfiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any igneous rock with crystals embedded in a finer groundmass of minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porpoise oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow fatty oil obtained from porpoises and used as a fine lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphin oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated fatty oil obtained from dolphins and used as a fine lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potash", + "caustic potash", + "potassium hydroxide" + ], + "it": [ + "potassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potassium compound often used in agriculture and industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder", + "pulverization", + "pulverisation" + ], + "it": [ + "polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid substance in the form of tiny loose particles; a solid that has been pulverized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of soil occurring under grasses in temperate climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitant" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that causes a precipitate to form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preservative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of percolation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propanal", + "propionaldehyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless liquid aldehyde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propanol", + "propyl alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear colorless volatile liquid (alcohol) used as a solvent and antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propenal", + "acrolein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pungent colorless unsaturated liquid aldehyde made from propene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propenoate", + "acrylate" + ], + "it": [ + "acrilato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of propenoic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propenoic acid", + "acrylic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated liquid carboxylic acid used in the manufacture of acrylic resins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propenonitrile", + "acrylonitrile", + "vinyl cyanide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless liquid unsaturated nitrile made from propene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propylene", + "propene" + ], + "it": [ + "propene", + "propilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable gas obtained by cracking petroleum; used in organic synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propyl", + "propyl group", + "propyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "propile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monovalent organic group C3H7- obtained from propane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protease", + "peptidase", + "proteinase", + "proteolytic enzyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptomaine", + "ptomain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various amines (such as putrescine or cadaverine) formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borosilicate glass with a low coefficient of expansion; used for heat-resistant glassware in cooking and chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrimidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heterocyclic organic compound with a penetrating odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrimidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several basic compounds derived from pyrimidine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep red garnet used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrophoric alloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy that emits sparks when struck or scratched with steel; used in lighter flints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyruvic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless acid formed as an important intermediate in metabolism or fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter compound used as an insecticide and tonic and vermifuge; extracted from the wood and bark of trees of the genera Quassia and Picrasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quenched steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel that has been hardened by immersing it in water or oil to cool it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quercitron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow dye made from the bark of the quercitron oak tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinone", + "benzoquinone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of aromatic yellow compounds including several that are biologically important as coenzymes or acceptors or vitamins; used in making dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiopaque dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye that does not allow the passage of X rays or other radiation; used to outline certain organs during X-ray examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhodolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red or pink variety of garnet used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safranine", + "safranin", + "saffranine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of chiefly red organic dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheno-safranine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purplish red water-soluble dye used in microscopy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrian purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-purple to deep purple dye obtained from snails or made synthetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vat dye", + "vat color" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-insoluble dye that is applied by reducing the dye to an alkaline form, applying the dye, then regenerating the insoluble dye by oxidation in the material; used for dyeing cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue dyestuff obtained from the woad plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material that is radioactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "useless radioactive materials that are left after some laboratory or commercial process is completed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffia", + "raphia" + ], + "it": [ + "raffia", + "rafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf fibers of the raffia palm tree; used to make baskets and mats etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffinose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trisaccharide that occurs in sugar beets and cotton seeds and certain cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rauwolfia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several alkaloids extracted from the shrub Rauwolfia serpentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raveling", + "ravelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit of fiber that has become separated from woven fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red brass", + "guinea gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brass with enough copper to give it a reddish tint; used for plumbing pipe and other brass hardware and in cheap jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red lead", + "minium" + ], + "it": [ + "minio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish oxide of lead (Pb3O4) used as a pigment in paints and in glass and ceramics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seawater that is discolored by large numbers of certain dinoflagellates that produce saxitoxin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reductase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyses the biochemical reduction of some specified substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i115999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solvent that removes a substance (usually from a surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the kidneys; catalyzes the formation of angiotensin and thus affects blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rennin", + "chymosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice; causes milk to coagulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residue" + ], + "it": [ + "rimanente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter that remains after something has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resorcinol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline phenol obtained from various resins; used in ointments for acne and in dandruff shampoos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical that is added to a photographic developer in order to retard development and reduce the amount of fog on a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restriction endonuclease", + "restriction nuclease", + "restriction enzyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the enzymes that cut nucleic acid at specific restriction sites and produce restriction fragments; obtained from bacteria (where they cripple viral invaders); used in recombinant DNA technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinene", + "retinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from rhodopsin by the action of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge tile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative tile that is bent in cross section; used to cover the ridge of a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roofing material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material used in constructing roofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose quartz" + ], + "it": [ + "quarzo rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent rose-red variety of quartz used for ornaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse plaster for the surface of external walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latex" + ], + "it": [ + "latice", + "lattice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milky exudate from certain plants that coagulates on exposure to air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber", + "natural rubber", + "India rubber", + "gum elastic", + "caoutchouc" + ], + "it": [ + "caucciù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus) that can be vulcanized and finished into a variety of products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crude natural rubber; used mainly for shoe soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber", + "synthetic rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various synthetic elastic materials whose properties resemble natural rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicone rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from silicone elastomers; retains flexibility resilience and tensile strength over a wide temperature range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rubber made at low temperatures (5 degrees Centigrade) which is tougher than conventional rubber and is often used in car tires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoprene" + ], + "it": [ + "neoprene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic rubber that is resistant to oils and aging; used in waterproof products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard rubber", + "vulcanite", + "ebonite" + ], + "it": [ + "ebanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard nonresilient rubber formed by vulcanizing natural rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Para rubber" + ], + "it": [ + "para" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of natural rubber obtained from tropical South American trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buna", + "buna rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made by polymerizing butadiene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyl rubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthetic rubber made by polymerizing isobutylene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrocarbon radical (C4H9)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruby" + ], + "it": [ + "rubino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent deep red variety of corundum; used as a gemstone and in lasers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruddle", + "reddle", + "raddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red iron ore used in dyeing and marking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rutile" + ], + "it": [ + "rutilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of titanium dioxide in crystalline form; occurs in metamorphic and plutonic rocks and is a major source of titanium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain", + "rainwater" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua piovana", + "pioggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drops of fresh water that fall as precipitation from clouds" + ], + "it": [ + "massa d'acqua caduta come precipitazione dalle nuovole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product of condensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seawater", + "saltwater", + "brine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water containing salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sediment that is left after the evaporation of seawater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh water", + "freshwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that is not salty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rochelle salt", + "Rochelle salts", + "potassium sodium tartrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double salt used in Seidlitz powder; acts as a cathartic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seidlitz powder", + "Seidlitz powders", + "Rochelle powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effervescing salt containing sodium bicarbonate and Rochelle salt and tartaric acid; used as a cathartic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salicylate" + ], + "it": [ + "salicilato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of salicylic acid (included in several commonly used drugs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salicylic acid", + "2-hydroxybenzoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline substance with a bitter aftertaste; used as a fungicide or in making aspirin or dyes or perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmon oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty oil obtained from the wastes in canning salmon; used in making soap and dressing leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salol", + "phenyl salicylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powder with a pleasant taste and odor; used to absorb light in sun tan lotions or as a preservative or an antiseptic or a coating for pills in which the medicine is intended for enteric release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt" + ], + "it": [ + "sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)" + ], + "it": [ + "composto chimico derivato dalla combinazione di un acido e di una base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution of two simple salts that forms a single substance on crystallization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parathion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless and odorless toxic oil used as an insecticide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic double salt of copper arsenate and copper acetate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotenone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline insecticide that has low toxicity for mammals; is used in home gardens; extracted from the roots of derris and cube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samarskite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex black mineral occurring in pegmatites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapphirine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare light blue or green mineral; consists of aluminum and magnesium silicate and occurs as small grains in some metamorphic rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bile salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of bile acid and a base; functions as an emulsifier of lipids and fatty acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glauber's salt", + "Glauber's salts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Na2SO4.10H2O) a colorless salt used as a cathartic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream of tartar", + "tartar", + "potassium bitartrate", + "potassium hydrogen tartrate" + ], + "it": [ + "cremortartaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt used especially in baking powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium chlorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless salt (NaClO3) used as a weed killer and an antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichromic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hypothetical acid (H2Cr2O7) from which dichromates are derived; known only in solution and in the form of dichromate salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bichromate", + "dichromate" + ], + "it": [ + "bicromato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of the hypothetical dichromic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium dichromate", + "sodium bichromate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-orange salt used as a mordant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonium nitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as an explosive and fertilizer and rocket propellant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver nitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nitrate used in making photographic emulsions; also used in medicine as a cautery and as a topical antibacterial agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar caustic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silver nitrate fused into sticks and formerly used as a caustic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caustic" + ], + "it": [ + "caustico", + "prodotto caustico", + "sostanza caustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any chemical substance that burns or destroys living tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caulk", + "caulking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof filler and sealant that is used in building and repair to make watertight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft sheepskin leather that is colored and finished to resemble morocco; used in bookbinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium hydroxide", + "caustic soda" + ], + "it": [ + "soda caustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strongly alkaline caustic used in manufacturing soap and paper and aluminum and various sodium compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver bromide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bromide that darkens when exposed to light; used in making photographic emulsions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver iodide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iodide that is used in photography, in seeding clouds to make rain, and in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrate" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitro group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group -NO3" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrite" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the radical -NO2 or any compound containing it (such as a salt or ester of nitrous acid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium nitrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nitrite used to preserve and color food especially in meat and fish products; implicated in the formation of suspected carcinogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunpowder", + "powder" + ], + "it": [ + "polvere da sparo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur in a 75:15:10 ratio which is used in gunnery, time fuses, and fireworks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smokeless powder", + "Ballistite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive (trade name Ballistite) that burns with relatively little smoke; contains pyrocellulose and is used as a propellant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcosmic salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white salt present in urine and used to test for metal oxides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloride" + ], + "it": [ + "cloruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any salt of hydrochloric acid (containing the chloride ion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound containing three chlorine atoms in each molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen trichloride", + "Agene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow pungent volatile oil (trade name Agene) formerly used for bleaching and aging flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichloride", + "bichloride" + ], + "it": [ + "bicloruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing two chlorine atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perchloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chloride containing an unusually high proportion of chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloride" + ], + "it": [ + "cloruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound containing a chlorine atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum chloride", + "aluminium chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chloride used as a wood preservative or catalyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylene chloride", + "dichloromethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonflammable liquid used as a solvent and paint remover and refrigerant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obidoxime chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chloride used as an antidote for nerve gases such as sarin or VX" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chloride used chiefly in the manufacture of photographic emulsions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stannic chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless caustic liquid made by treating tin with chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stannous fluoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white powder that is used to fluoridate toothpaste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staple", + "staple fiber", + "staple fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural fiber (raw cotton, wool, hemp, flax) that can be twisted to form yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial preparation of starch that is used to stiffen textile fabrics in laundering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand" + ], + "it": [ + "arena", + "rena", + "sabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sangapenum", + "gum sangapenum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water sapphire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep blue cordierite often used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapphire" + ], + "it": [ + "zaffiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precious transparent stone of rich blue corundum valued as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetish crystalline amino acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sard", + "sardine", + "sardius" + ], + "it": [ + "sarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep orange-red variety of chalcedony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sardine oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil obtained from sardines and used chiefly as a lubricant and in soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sardonyx" + ], + "it": [ + "sardonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an onyx characterized by parallel layers of sard and a different colored mineral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawdust" + ], + "it": [ + "segatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine particles of wood made by sawing wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saw log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "log large enough to be sawed into boards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saxitoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful neurotoxin produced by certain dinoflagellates found in red tides; it can accumulate in mollusks that feed on the dinoflagellates and cause food poisoning to humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale wax", + "paraffin scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partly refined paraffin wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scavenger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent that is added to a chemical mixture to counteract the effects of impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheelite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral used as an ore of tungsten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schorl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black tourmaline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrap iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferraccio", + "ferraglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron to be melted again and reworked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notepad" + ], + "it": [ + "bloc-notes", + "notes", + "block notes", + "bloc notes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad of paper for keeping notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch pad", + "scratch paper", + "scribbling block" + ], + "it": [ + "brogliaccio", + "scartafaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pad for preliminary or hasty writing or notes or sketches etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale yellow to red-brown fatty oil obtained from seal blubber; used in making soap and dressing leather and as a lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of enzymes believed to snip pieces off a longer protein producing fragments of amyloid protein that bunch up and create amyloid protein plaques in brain tissue (the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedimentary clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clay soil formed by sedimentary deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sepia" + ], + "it": [ + "nero di seppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich brown pigment prepared from the ink of cuttlefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globulin" + ], + "it": [ + "globulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of proteins found in blood and milk and muscle and in plant seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma globulin", + "human gamma globulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plasma protein containing the immunoglobulins that are responsible for immune responses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commonest protein in muscle; a globulin that combines with actin to form actomyosin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coagulation factor", + "clotting factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the factors in the blood whose actions are essential for blood coagulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrinogen", + "factor I" + ], + "it": [ + "fibrinogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein present in blood plasma; converts to fibrin when blood clots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "releasing factor", + "releasing hormone", + "RF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance produced by the hypothalamus that is capable of accelerating the secretion of a given hormone by the anterior pituitary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth hormone-releasing factor", + "GHRF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a releasing factor that accelerates the secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrinsic factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platelet", + "blood platelet", + "thrombocyte" + ], + "it": [ + "piastrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny bits of protoplasm found in vertebrate blood; essential for blood clotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porphyrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pigments distributed widely in living tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemoglobin", + "haemoglobin", + "Hb" + ], + "it": [ + "emoglobina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hemoprotein composed of globin and heme that gives red blood cells their characteristic color; function primarily to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myoglobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyhemoglobin", + "oxyhaemoglobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bright red hemoglobin that is a combination of hemoglobin and oxygen from the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heme", + "haem", + "hematin", + "haemitin", + "protoheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex red organic pigment containing iron and other atoms to which oxygen binds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemin", + "protohemin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish-brown chloride of heme; produced from hemoglobin in laboratory tests for the presence of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterocyclic compound", + "heterocyclic", + "heterocycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound containing a heterocyclic ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytochrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a class of hemoprotein whose principal biological function is electron transfer (especially in cellular respiration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytochrome c" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most abundant and stable cytochrome; involved in energy transfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globin", + "hematohiston", + "haematohiston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless protein obtained by removing heme from hemoglobin; the oxygen carrying compound in red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple protein found in the seeds of cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple protein containing mainly basic amino acids; present in cell nuclei in association with nucleic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple protein found in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple protein found in fish sperm; rich in arginine; simpler in composition than globulin or albumin; counteracts the anticoagulant effect of heparin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scleroprotein", + "albuminoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple protein found in horny and cartilaginous tissues and in the lens of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemosiderin", + "haemosiderin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a granular brown substance composed of ferric oxide; left from the breakdown of hemoglobin; can be a sign of disturbed iron metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antibody" + ], + "it": [ + "anticorpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes, thus producing an immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoantibody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody acting against tissues of the organism that produces it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody that causes precipitation when it unites with its antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ABO antibodies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood type antibodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rh antibody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhesus factor antibody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitoxin" + ], + "it": [ + "antitossina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody that can neutralize a specific toxin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antivenin", + "antivenene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antitoxin that counteracts the effects of venom from the bite of a snake or insect or other animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetanus antitoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antitoxin given for short-term immunization against tetanus in cases of possible exposure to the tetanus bacillus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxin antitoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of toxin and antitoxin used to immunize against a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutinin" + ], + "it": [ + "agglutinina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody that causes agglutination of a specific antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoagglutinin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody produced by one individual that causes agglutination of red blood cells in other individuals of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutinogen" + ], + "it": [ + "agglutinogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that acts as an antigen to cause agglutinin production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoagglutinogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antigen capable of causing the production of (or reacting with) an isoagglutinin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterophil antibody", + "heterophile antibody", + "Forssman antibody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody found in the blood of someone suffering from infectious mononucleosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoantibody", + "alloantibody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody that occurs naturally against foreign tissues from a person of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance (such as an antibody) or agent that can cause lysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoclonal antibody", + "monoclonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of antibodies produced in the laboratory by a single clone of cells or a cell line and consisting of identical antibody molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infliximab", + "Remicade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monoclonal antibody (trade name Remicade) used to treat Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis; administered by infusion; use and dosage must be determined by a physician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opsonin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibody in blood serum that attaches to invading microorganisms and other antigens to make them more susceptible to the action of phagocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin", + "Ig", + "immune serum globulin", + "immune gamma globulin", + "immune globulin" + ], + "it": [ + "gammaglobulina", + "immunoglobulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of proteins produced in lymph tissue in vertebrates and that function as antibodies in the immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin A", + "IgA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the most common of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; the chief antibody in the membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin D", + "IgD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; present in blood serum in small amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin E", + "IgE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; present primarily in the skin and mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reagin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immunoglobulin E that is formed as an antibody against allergens (such as pollen); attaches to cell membranes causing the release of histamine and other substances responsible for the local inflammation characteristic of an allergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin G", + "IgG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; the main antibody defense against bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoglobulin M", + "IgM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five major classes of immunoglobulins; involved in fighting blood infections and in triggering production of immunoglobulin G" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetanus immunoglobulin", + "tetanus immune globulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sterile solution of globulins derived from the blood plasma of a person who has been immunized for tetanus; provides short-term immunization against tetanus in cases of possible exposure to the tetanus bacillus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison", + "toxicant", + "poisonous substance" + ], + "it": [ + "tossico", + "veleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical irritant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance producing irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsaicin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorless pungent crystalline compound derived from capsicum; source of the hotness of hot peppers of the genus Capsicum such as chili and cayenne and jalapeno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingerol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derived from ginger; source of the hotness of ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piperin", + "piperine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derived from pepper (especially black pepper); source of the hotness of black and white pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isothiocyanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of compounds derived from horseradish and radishes and onions and mustards; source of the hotness of those plants and preparations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetoprotein", + "foetoprotein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several antigens that occur naturally in the fetus and sometimes in adults with cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha fetoprotein", + "alpha foetoprotein", + "AFP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally large amount of this fetoprotein in the fetus can signal an abnormality of the neural tube (as spina bifida or anencephaly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxin" + ], + "it": [ + "tossina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous substance produced during the metabolism and growth of certain microorganisms and some higher plant and animal species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatoxin", + "toxoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterial toxin that has been weakened until it is no longer toxic but is strong enough to induce the formation of antibodies and immunity to the specific disease caused by the toxin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal toxin", + "zootoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxin resembling bacterial toxins in its antigenic properties that is found in the fluids of certain animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacterial toxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any endotoxin or exotoxin formed in or elaborated by bacterial cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botulin", + "botulinus toxin", + "botulismotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potent bacterial toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that causes botulism; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that has a toxic effect on cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxin that is confined inside the microorganisms and is released only when the microorganisms are broken down or die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cytotoxin specific for the cells of the intestinal mucosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxin that is secreted by microorganisms into the surrounding medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mephitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous or foul smelling gas emitted from the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any toxin that affects the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any toxin that affects the kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurotoxin", + "neurolysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any toxin that affects neural tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxin produced by a fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant toxin", + "phytotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance produced by plants that is similar in its properties to extracellular bacterial toxin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venom" + ], + "it": [ + "veleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxin secreted by animals; secreted by certain snakes and poisonous insects (e.g., spiders and scorpions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kokoi venom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent neurotoxin found in a particular frog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake venom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venom secreted by certain snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antigen" + ], + "it": [ + "antigene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates an immune response in the body (especially the production of antibodies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antigenic determinant", + "determinant", + "epitope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site on the surface of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhesus factor", + "Rh factor", + "Rh" + ], + "it": [ + "fattore Rh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood group antigen possessed by Rh-positive people; if an Rh-negative person receives a blood transfusion from an Rh-positive person it can result in hemolysis and anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sap" + ], + "it": [ + "linfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scabicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that destroys the itch mite that causes scabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewer gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foul-smelling gas that forms in sewers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedimentary rock formed by the deposition of successive layers of clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humic shale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shale that is rich in humic acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil shale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shale from which oil can be obtained by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shale oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil extracted from oil shale by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark oil", + "shark-liver oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty yellow to brown oil obtained from the livers of sharks; used for dressing leather and as a source of vitamin A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid mixture containing pesticides in which sheep are dipped to kill parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shetland wool" + ], + "it": [ + "shetland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wool obtained from sheep of the Shetland islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle", + "shake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material used as siding or roofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe polish", + "blacking" + ], + "it": [ + "cera da scarpe", + "cera per scarpe", + "crema da scarpe", + "lucido da scarpe", + "lucido per scarpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used to produce a shiny protective surface on footwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy that is 98% lead and 2% arsenic; used in making small shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siderite", + "chalybite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron ore in the form of ferrous carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jellylike substance (hydrated silica)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicate" + ], + "it": [ + "silicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester derived from silicic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various compounds of silicon with a more electropositive element or radical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicon carbide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely hard blue-black crystalline compound (SiC) used as an abrasive and a heat refractory material; crystals of silicon carbide can be used as semiconductors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicone", + "silicone polymer" + ], + "it": [ + "silicone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large class of siloxanes that are unusually stable over a wide range of temperatures; used in lubricants and adhesives and coatings and synthetic rubber and electrical insulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicone resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymeric silicone compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siloxane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large class of compounds that have alternate silicon and oxygen atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material applied to the outside of a building to make it weatherproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pure form of finely ground silica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silica", + "silicon oxide", + "silicon dioxide" + ], + "it": [ + "silice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or colorless vitreous insoluble solid (SiO2); various forms occur widely in the earth's crust as quartz or cristobalite or tridymite or lechatelierite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silica gel" + ], + "it": [ + "gel di silice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porous form of silica that is highly absorbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicon bronze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bronze with 2-3% silicon that is resistant to corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk" + ], + "it": [ + "seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal fibers produced by silkworms and other larvae that spin cocoons and by most spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silt" + ], + "it": [ + "detriti fluviali", + "limo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud or clay or small rocks deposited by a river or lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siltstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine-grained sandstone of consolidated silt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silvex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbicide that is effective in controlling woody plants but is toxic to animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbicide used to control weeds (especially among crops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simoniz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brand of car polish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sisal", + "sisal hemp" + ], + "it": [ + "sisal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant fiber used for making rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski wax" + ], + "it": [ + "sciolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wax used on the bottom of skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slag", + "scoria", + "dross" + ], + "it": [ + "loppa", + "scoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scum formed by oxidation at the surface of molten metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate", + "slating" + ], + "it": [ + "tegola di ardesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin layers of rock used for roofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smaltite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey mineral consisting of cobalt arsenide and nickel; an important source of cobalt and nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slush" + ], + "it": [ + "poltiglia", + "pultiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partially melted snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelling salts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pungent preparation of ammonium carbonate and perfume; sniffed as a stimulant to relieve faintness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) any of various liquids sold as medicine (as by a travelling medicine show) but medically worthless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow" + ], + "it": [ + "neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of snowflakes (white crystals of frozen water) covering the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff" + ], + "it": [ + "smoccolatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the charred portion of a candlewick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn snow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granular snow formed by alternate thawing and freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy wet snow that is unsuitable for skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapstone", + "soaprock", + "soap-rock", + "steatite" + ], + "it": [ + "steatite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft heavy compact variety of talc having a soapy feel; used to make hearths and tabletops and ornaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of sodium and calcium hydroxides; absorbs liquids and gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodalite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vitreous mineral consisting of sodium aluminum silicate and sodium chloride in crystalline form; occurs in igneous rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium carbonate", + "washing soda", + "sal soda", + "soda ash", + "soda" + ], + "it": [ + "soda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium carboxymethyl cellulose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gummy substance that is a sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose; used as a thickening or emulsifying agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium fluoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline salt of sodium (NaF) used in fluoridation of water and to prevent tooth decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium hydride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable grey crystalline binary compound (NaH)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium hypochlorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable salt (NaOCl) used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium iodide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline salt used like potassium iodide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium lauryl sulphate", + "sodium lauryl sulfate", + "SLS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caustic detergent useful for removing grease; although commonly included in personal care items (shampoos and toothpastes etc.) it can irritate skin and should not be swallowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium pyrophosphate", + "tetrasodium pyrophosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sodium salt of pyrophosphoric acid used as a builder in soaps and detergents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium sulphate", + "sodium sulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid white bitter salt used in manufacturing glass and paper and dyes and pharmaceuticals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium tripolyphosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sodium salt of triphosphoric acid used as a builder in soaps and detergents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium phosphate", + "sodium orthophosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phosphate of sodium; used as a laxative to cleanse the bowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua dolce", + "acqua non calcarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water that is not hard (does not contain mineral salts that interfere with the formation of lather with soap)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid" + ], + "it": [ + "solido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter that is solid at room temperature and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry ice" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiaccio secco", + "neve carbonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solidified carbon dioxide; dry ice sublimates at -78.5 C and is used mainly as a refrigerant" + ], + "it": [ + "diossido di carbonio solidificato", + "il ghiaccio secco sublima a -78.5 C e viene usato principalmente come refrigerante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvent", + "dissolvent", + "dissolver", + "dissolving agent", + "resolvent" + ], + "it": [ + "diluente", + "solvente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solute" + ], + "it": [ + "soluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dissolved matter in a solution; the component of a solution that changes its state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound formed by solvation (the combination of solvent molecules with molecules or ions of the solute)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvating agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that converts something into a solvate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viricide", + "virucide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent (physical or chemical) that inactivates or destroys viruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkahest", + "alcahest", + "universal solvent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical universal solvent once sought by alchemists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup" + ], + "it": [ + "zuppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any composition having a consistency suggestive of soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourdough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leaven of dough in which fermentation is active; used by pioneers for making bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spackle", + "spackling compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder (containing gypsum plaster and glue) that when mixed with water forms a plastic paste used to fill cracks and holes in plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various nonmetallic minerals (calcite or feldspar) that are light in color and transparent or translucent and cleavable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkle metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matte that has 74 percent copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiegeleisen", + "spiegel", + "spiegel iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pig iron containing manganese; used as a deoxidizing agent and to raise the manganese content in making steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid that is spilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impure zinc containing about three percent lead and other impurities (especially in the form of ingots)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal oil found in the blubber of the sperm whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stacte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) one of several sweet-smelling spices used in incense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material consisting of plaster and hair; used to cover external surfaces of temporary structure (as at an exposition) or for decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staphylococcal enterotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soluble exotoxin produced by some strains of staphylococcus; a cause of food poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staphylococcal enterotoxin B", + "SEB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of staphylococcal enterotoxin that has been used as an incapacitating agent in biological warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard glassy mineral consisting of an oxide of magnesium and aluminum; occurs in various colors that are used as gemstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinel ruby", + "ruby spinel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spinel used as a gemstone (usually dark red)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almandine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purple variety of the ruby spinel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balas", + "balas ruby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale rose-colored variety of the ruby spinel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceylonite", + "pleonaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark-colored spinel containing iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubicelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow or orange variety of ruby spinel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid solution", + "primary solid solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homogeneous solid that can exist over a range of component chemicals; a constituent of alloys that is formed when atoms of an element are incorporated into the crystals of a metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirits of ammonia", + "sal volatile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution of ammonium carbonate in ammonia water and alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spodumene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyroxene mineral consisting of lithium aluminum silicate; a source of lithium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiddenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green transparent form of the mineral spodumene used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pesticide in suspension or solution; intended for spraying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilizer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical that is added to a solution or mixture or suspension to maintain it in a stable or unchanging state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stachyose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tetrasaccharide found in the tubers of the Chinese artichoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterstain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stain of contrasting color that is used when the principal stain does not show the structure clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gram's solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution used in staining bacteria by Gram's method; consists of one part iodine and two parts potassium iodide and 300 parts water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stannite", + "tin pyrites" + ], + "it": [ + "stannina", + "stannite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark grey mineral with a metallic luster that is a source of tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star sapphire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sapphire that when cut shows a starlike figure in reflected light because of its crystalline structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starch", + "amylum" + ], + "it": [ + "amido", + "fecola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowroot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nutritive starch obtained from the root of the arrowroot plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornstarch", + "cornflour" + ], + "it": [ + "maizena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "starch prepared from the grains of corn; used in cooking as a thickener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powdery starch from certain sago palms; used in Asia as a food thickener and textile stiffener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl sago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sago ground into small round grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otaheite arrowroot", + "Otaheite arrowroot starch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a starch obtained from the root of the pia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam" + ], + "it": [ + "fumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water at boiling temperature diffused in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live steam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steam coming from a boiler at full pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water vapor", + "water vapour" + ], + "it": [ + "vapore acqueo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water in a vaporous form diffused in the atmosphere but below boiling temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vapor", + "vapour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance added to another to make it less hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water softener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance (such as sodium chloride) that lessens the hardness of water by replacing calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions and so gives the water more efficient sudsing power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soman", + "GD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve agent easily absorbed into the body; a lethal cholinesterase inhibitor that is highly toxic when inhaled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ], + "it": [ + "spruzzata", + "spruzzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water in small drops in the atmosphere; blown from waves or thrown up by a waterfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea spray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray from ocean waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindrift", + "spoondrift" + ], + "it": [ + "spruzzaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray blown up from the surface of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stearic acid", + "octadecanoic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waxy saturated fatty acid; occurs widely as a glyceride in animal and vegetable fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stearin" + ], + "it": [ + "stearina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of glycerol and stearic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very hard alloy of cobalt and chromium with cobalt as the principal ingredient; used to make cutting tools and for surfaces subject to heavy wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterling silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver alloy with no more than 7.5% copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternutator", + "sternutatory" + ], + "it": [ + "starnutatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that causes sneezing and coughing and crying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steroid" + ], + "it": [ + "steroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fat-soluble organic compounds having as a basis 17 carbon atoms in four rings; many have important physiological effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroid", + "nonsteroidal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organic compound that does no contain a steroid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketosteroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steroid containing a ketone group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterol", + "steroid alcohol" + ], + "it": [ + "sterolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of natural steroid alcohols derived from plants or animals; they are waxy insoluble substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholesterol", + "cholesterin" + ], + "it": [ + "colesterolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "HDL cholesterol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins; the `good' cholesterol; a high level in the blood is thought to lower the risk of coronary artery disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LDL cholesterol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cholesterol in low-density lipoproteins; the `bad' cholesterol; a high level in the blood is thought to be related to various pathogenic conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidized LDL cholesterol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "LDL cholesterol that has been bombarded by free radicals; it is thought to cause atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergosterol" + ], + "it": [ + "ergosterina", + "ergosterolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant sterol that is converted into vitamin D by ultraviolet radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bile acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the steroid acids generated in the liver and stored with bile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insoluble crystalline acid present in bile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge", + "bilge water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua di sentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water accumulated in the bilge of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac glycoside", + "cardiac glucoside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtained from a number of plants and used to stimulate the heart in cases of heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitalis", + "digitalis glycoside", + "digitalin" + ], + "it": [ + "digitalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful cardiac stimulant obtained from foxglove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance similar to stucco but exclusively applied to masonry walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stibnite" + ], + "it": [ + "antimonite", + "stibina", + "stibnite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft grey mineral; the chief ore of antimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticks and stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for building materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle and daub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material consisting of interwoven rods and twigs covered with clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used for stiffening something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptodornase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme produced by some hemolytic strains of streptococcus that dissolves fibrinous secretions from infections; used medicinally (often in combination with streptokinase)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptokinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme produced by some strains of streptococcus that can liquefy blood clots by converting plasminogen to plasmin; used medicinally in some cases of myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptolysin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hemolysins derived from strains of streptococcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical compound used to remove paint or varnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strophanthin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter and very toxic glycoside derived from plants of the genus Strophanthus; in moderate doses it is a cardiac stimulant but in larger doses it is a powerful poison; used in Africa as an arrow poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strontianite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of strontium carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stucco" + ], + "it": [ + "stucco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaster now made mostly from Portland cement and sand and lime; applied while soft to cover exterior walls or surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sublimato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of vaporization of a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallow" + ], + "it": [ + "sego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtained from suet and used in making soap, candles and lubricants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable tallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waxy fat obtained from certain plants (e.g. bayberry) and used as tallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucrose", + "saccharose" + ], + "it": [ + "saccarosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex carbohydrate found in many plants and used as a sweetening agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaggery", + "jagghery", + "jaggary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrefined brown sugar made from palm sap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron that has been cast or worked in structural shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong steel that is rolled into shapes that are used in construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfanilic acid", + "sulphanilic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline acid made from aniline and used as a dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfate", + "sulphate" + ], + "it": [ + "solfato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of sulphuric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfide", + "sulphide" + ], + "it": [ + "solfuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound of sulphur and some other element that is more electropositive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfur oxide", + "sulphur oxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several oxides of sulphur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfur dioxide", + "sulphur dioxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless toxic gas (SO2) that occurs in the gases from volcanoes; used in many manufacturing processes and present in industrial emissions; causes acid rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfur hexafluoride", + "sulphur hexafluoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless gas that is soluble in alcohol and ether; a powerful greenhouse gas widely used in the electrical utility industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunstone", + "aventurine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent quartz spangled with bits of mica or other minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superoxide", + "superoxide anion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the univalent anion O2-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superoxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic oxide containing the univalent anion O2-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superoxide dismutase", + "SOD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "methylated spirit used in the practice of medicine (especially for cleansing the skin before injections or before surgery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrought iron of high purity made in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swinging chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chad that is incompletely removed and still attached at two corners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sylvanite", + "graphic tellurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silver-white mineral consisting of silver gold telluride; a source of gold in Australia and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sylvite", + "sylvine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of native potassium chloride; an important ore of potassium that is found in sedimentary beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabun", + "GA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first known nerve agent, synthesized by German chemists in 1936; a highly toxic combustible liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and is used as a nerve gas in chemical warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talc", + "talcum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine grained mineral having a soft soapy feel and consisting of hydrated magnesium silicate; used in a variety of products including talcum powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French chalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft white compact talc used to mark cloth or to remove grease stains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rensselaerite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of soft talc; sometimes used as wood filler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallow oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal oil obtained by pressing tallow; used as a lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tannin", + "tannic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "tannino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various complex phenolic substances of plant origin; used in tanning and in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tannic acid that is extracted from black catechu as a white crystalline substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tantalite" + ], + "it": [ + "tantalite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of tantalum oxide of iron and manganese that occurs with niobite or in coarse granite; an ore of tantalum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartaric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid found in many fruits; used in soft drinks and confectionery and baking powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racemic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the optically inactive form of tartaric acid that is often found in grape juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear gas", + "teargas", + "lacrimator", + "lachrymator" + ], + "it": [ + "gas lacrimogeno", + "lacrimogeno", + "lagrimogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas that makes the eyes fill with tears but does not damage them; used in dispersing crowds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telluride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any binary compound of tellurium with other more electropositive elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telomerase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme in eukaryotic cells that can add telomeres to the ends of chromosomes after they divide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderizer", + "tenderiser" + ], + "it": [ + "tenerizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance (as the plant enzyme papain) applied to meat to make it tender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terpene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated hydrocarbon obtained from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrachloride" + ], + "it": [ + "tetracloruro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any compound that contains four chlorine atoms per molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrafluoroethylene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flammable gaseous fluorocarbon used in making plastics (polytetrafluoroethylene resins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrahalide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any halide containing four halogen atoms in its molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrasaccharide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield four monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrodotoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful neurotoxin found in the ovaries of pufferfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide containing four atoms of oxygen in the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetryl", + "nitramine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow crystalline explosive solid that is used in detonators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant stalks used as roofing material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickening", + "thickener" + ], + "it": [ + "addensante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any material used to thicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiouracil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depresses the function of the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiocyanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of thiocyanic acid; formed when alkaline cyanides are fused with sulfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiocyanic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable acid that can be obtained by distilling a thiocyanate salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radioactive mineral consisting of thorium silicate; it is a source of thorium that is found in coarse granite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thortveitite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of scandium yttrium silicate; a source of scandium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threonine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein; occurs in the hydrolysates of certain proteins; an essential component of human nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prothrombin", + "factor II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein in blood plasma that is the inactive precursor of thrombin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thromboplastin", + "thrombokinase", + "factor III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme liberated from blood platelets that converts prothrombin into thrombin as blood starts to clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium ion", + "factor IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ion of calcium; a factor in the clotting of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proaccelerin", + "prothrombin accelerator", + "accelerator factor", + "factor V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coagulation factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proconvertin", + "cothromboplastin", + "stable factor", + "factor VII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coagulation factor formed in the kidney under the influence of vitamin K" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antihemophilic factor", + "antihaemophilic factor", + "antihemophilic globulin", + "antihaemophilic globulin", + "factor VIII", + "Hemofil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coagulation factor (trade name Hemofil) whose absence is associated with hemophilia A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas factor", + "factor IX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulation factor whose absence is associated with hemophilia B" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prothrombinase", + "factor X" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulation factor that is converted to an enzyme that converts prothrombin to thrombin in a reaction that depends on calcium ions and other coagulation factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma thromboplastin antecedent", + "factor XI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulation factor whose deficiency results in a hemorrhagic tendency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hageman factor", + "factor XII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulation factor whose deficiency results in prolongation of clotting time of venous blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrinase", + "factor XIII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the clotting of blood thrombin catalyzes factor XIII into its active form (fibrinase) which causes fibrin to form a stable clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thymine", + "T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyadenosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of adenosine and deoxyribose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxycytidine", + "cytidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of cytosine and deoxyribose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxyguanosine", + "guanosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of guanine and deoxyribose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxythymidine", + "thymidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside component of DNA; composed of thymine and deoxyribose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thymol", + "thyme camphor", + "thymic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "timolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline solid used in perfume or preserving biological specimens or in embalming or medically as a fungicide or antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanocyte-stimulating hormone", + "MSH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that controls the degree of pigmentation in melanocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyrotropin", + "thyrotropic hormone", + "thyrotrophin", + "thyrotrophic hormone", + "thyroid-stimulating hormone", + "TSH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the function of the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyrotropin-releasing hormone", + "TRH", + "thyrotropin-releasing factor", + "TRF", + "protirelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone released by the hypothalamus that controls the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyronine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenolic amino acid of which thyroxine is a derivative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile", + "roofing tile" + ], + "it": [ + "embrice", + "formella", + "tegola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flat slab of fired clay used for roofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "till", + "boulder clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unstratified soil deposited by a glacier; consists of sand and clay and gravel and boulders mixed together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tissue", + "tissue paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta velina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thin (usually translucent) paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet tissue", + "toilet paper", + "bathroom tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "carta igienica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thin absorbent paper for use in toilets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet roll" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rotolo di carta igienica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of toilet paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toluene", + "methylbenzene" + ], + "it": [ + "toluene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable liquid obtained from petroleum or coal tar; used as a solvent for gums and lacquers and in high-octane fuels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toluic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomeric acid derived from toluene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tombac", + "tombak", + "tambac" + ], + "it": [ + "tombacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alloy of copper and zinc (and sometimes arsenic) used to imitate gold in cheap jewelry and for gilding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black or colored powder used in a printer to develop a xerographic image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solution containing chemicals that can change the color of a photographic print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alloy steel that is suitable for making tools; is hard and tough and can retain a cutting edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topaz" + ], + "it": [ + "topazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral (fluosilicate of aluminum) that occurs in crystals of various colors and is used as a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topaz", + "false topaz", + "common topaz" + ], + "it": [ + "topazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourmaline" + ], + "it": [ + "tormalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral that is a complex borosilicate and hydroxide of aluminum containing iron and magnesium and calcium and lithium and sodium; it is usually black but occurs in transparent colored forms that are used as gemstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an element that occurs at very small quantities in the body but is nonetheless important for many biological processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracing paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semitransparent paper that is used for tracing drawings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragacanth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gum used in pharmacy, adhesives, and textile printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transaminase", + "aminotransferase", + "aminopherase" + ], + "it": [ + "transaminasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of transferases that catalyze transamination (that transfer an amino group from an amino acid to another compound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various enzymes that move a chemical group from one compound to another compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paper that is coated with a preparation for transferring a design to another surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferrin", + "beta globulin", + "siderophilin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globulin in blood plasma that carries iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transparent gem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gemstone having the property of transmitting light without serious diffusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transparent substance", + "translucent substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material having the property of admitting light diffusely; a partly transparent material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triamcinolone", + "Aristocort", + "Aristopak", + "Kenalog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic corticosteroid (trade names Aristocort or Aristopak or Kenalog) used as an anti-inflammatory agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three isomeric compounds having three carbon and three nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tri-chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chad that is incompletely removed and still attached at three corners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichloroacetic acid", + "trichloracetic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong acid made by chlorinating acetic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margarin", + "glycerol trimargarate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glyceryl ester of margaric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tridymite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral form of silica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triolein", + "olein" + ], + "it": [ + "oleina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally occurring glyceride of oleic acid that is found in fats and oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polymer (or a molecule of a polymer) consisting of three identical monomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trioxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxide containing three atoms of oxygen in the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripalmitin", + "glycerol tripalmitate" + ], + "it": [ + "tripalmitina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triglyceride of palmitic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triphosphopyridine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyridine ring with three phosphorus groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triphosphopyridine nucleotide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coenzyme of several enzymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triphosphoric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid that is a partial anhydride of three molecules of phosphoric acid; known chiefly in the form of its salts and esters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trisaccharide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield three monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trisodium phosphate", + "trisodium orthophosphate", + "tribasic sodium phosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tertiary phosphate of sodium used as a builder in soaps and detergents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tristearin", + "glycerol tristearate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triglyceride of stearic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trypsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme of pancreatic origin; catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins to smaller polypeptide units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trypsinogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactive precursor of trypsin; a substance secreted by the pancreas and converted to active trypsin by enterokinase in the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tryptophan", + "tryptophane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil obtained from tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tundra soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black mucky soil with a frozen subsoil that is characteristic of Arctic and subarctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tungsten steel", + "wolfram steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very hard heat-resistant steel containing tungsten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tungstate" + ], + "it": [ + "tungstato", + "wolframato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of tungstic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tungstic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxyacid of tungsten (often polymeric in nature) formed by neutralizing alkaline tungstate solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turquoise" + ], + "it": [ + "turchese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue to grey green mineral consisting of copper aluminum phosphate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typewriter paper", + "typing paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing paper suitable for use in a typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyramine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amino acid derived from tyrosine; has a sympathomimetic action; found in chocolate and cola drinks and ripe cheese and beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ubiquinone", + "coenzyme Q" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several quinones found in living cells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electrons from one molecule to another in cell respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultramarine", + "ultramarine blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue pigment made of powdered lapis lazuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French blue", + "French ultramarine", + "French ultramarine blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ultramarine pigment prepared artificially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umber" + ], + "it": [ + "terra d'ombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earth pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw umber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish brown pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burnt umber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown pigment obtained by heating umber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undecylenic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid that is a component of perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unleaded gasoline", + "unleaded petrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gasoline that has not been treated with a lead compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the material removed by a cut made underneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia; is present in intestinal bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ester of carbamic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uracil", + "U" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uraninite", + "pitchblende" + ], + "it": [ + "pechblenda", + "uraninite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of uranium oxide and trace amounts of radium and thorium and polonium and lead and helium; uraninite in massive form is called pitchblende which is the chief uranium ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranium ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any ore from which uranium can be extracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranyl", + "uranyl group", + "uranyl radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bivalent radical UO2 which forms salts with acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranyl nitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow salt obtained by the reaction of uranium salts with nitric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranyl oxalate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt obtained by the reaction of uranium salts with oxalic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urea", + "carbamide" + ], + "it": [ + "carbammide", + "urea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief solid component of mammalian urine; synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide and used as fertilizer and in animal feed and in plastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white tasteless odorless crystalline product of protein metabolism; found in the blood and urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt of uric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tophus", + "chalkstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deposit of urates around a joint or in the external ear; diagnostic of advanced or chronic gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linseed", + "flaxseed" + ], + "it": [ + "linosa", + "linseme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed of flax used as a source of oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linseed oil", + "flaxseed oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di semi di lino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drying oil extracted from flax seed and used in making such things as oil paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tung oil", + "Chinese wood oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow oil obtained from the seeds of the tung tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaulmoogra oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil from chaulmoogra trees; used in treatment of skin diseases and leprosy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanadate" + ], + "it": [ + "vanadato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of vanadic acid; an anion containing pentavalent vanadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanadinite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of chloride and vanadate of lead; a source of vanadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanadium pentoxide", + "vanadic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various oxyacids of vanadium; known mostly in the form of its salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanadium steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel alloyed with vanadium for greater strength and high-temperature stability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vellum" + ], + "it": [ + "carta pecora", + "cartapecora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy creamy-colored paper resembling parchment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermiculite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of yellow or brown hydrous silicate minerals having a micaceous structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "very low density lipoprotein", + "VLDL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large lipoproteins rich in triglycerides; VLDLs circulate through the blood giving up their triglycerides to fat and muscle tissue until the VLDL remnants are modified and converted into LDL" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesuvianite", + "vesuvian", + "idocrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green or yellow or brown mineral consisting of a hydrated silicate; it occurs as crystals in limestone and is used a gemstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegar" + ], + "it": [ + "aceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilute acetic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shiny and tough and flexible plastic; used especially for floor coverings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinyl", + "vinyl group", + "vinyl radical" + ], + "it": [ + "vinile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a univalent chemical radical derived from ethylene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinyl polymer", + "vinyl resin", + "polyvinyl resin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermoplastic derived by polymerization from compounds containing the vinyl group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodopsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violet photopigment in the retinal cones of the eyes of most vertebrates; plays a role in daylight vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual purple", + "rhodopsin", + "retinal purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red photopigment in the retinal rods of vertebrates; dissociates into retinene by light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photopigment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special pigment found in the rods and cones of the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin" + ], + "it": [ + "vitamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat-soluble vitamin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any vitamin that is soluble in fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-soluble vitamin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any vitamin that is soluble in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin A", + "antiophthalmic factor", + "axerophthol", + "A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fat-soluble vitamins essential for normal vision; prevents night blindness or inflammation or dryness of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin A1", + "retinol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsaturated alcohol that occurs in marine fish-liver oils and is synthesized biologically from carotene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin A2", + "dehydroretinol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viscous alcohol that is less active in mammals than is vitamin A1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provitamin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vitamin precursor; a substance that is converted into a vitamin in animal tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provitamin A", + "carotene", + "carotin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange isomer of an unsaturated hydrocarbon found in many plants; is converted into vitamin A in the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-complex vitamin", + "B complex", + "vitamin B complex", + "vitamin B", + "B vitamin", + "B" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally thought to be a single vitamin but now separated into several B vitamins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin B1", + "thiamine", + "thiamin", + "aneurin", + "antiberiberi factor" + ], + "it": [ + "aneurina", + "tiamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that prevents beriberi; maintains appetite and growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin B12", + "cobalamin", + "cyanocobalamin", + "antipernicious anemia factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that is used to treat pernicious anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin B2", + "vitamin G", + "riboflavin", + "lactoflavin", + "ovoflavin", + "hepatoflavin" + ], + "it": [ + "B2", + "lattoflavina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that prevents skin lesions and weight loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin B6", + "pyridoxine", + "pyridoxal", + "pyridoxamine", + "adermin" + ], + "it": [ + "piridossina", + "piridoxina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that is essential for metabolism of amino acids and starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin Bc", + "vitamin M", + "folate", + "folic acid", + "folacin", + "pteroylglutamic acid", + "pteroylmonoglutamic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that is essential for cell growth and reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niacin", + "nicotinic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin essential for the normal function of the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin D", + "calciferol", + "viosterol", + "ergocalciferol", + "cholecalciferol", + "D" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin E", + "tocopherol", + "E" + ], + "it": [ + "tocoferolo", + "vitamina E" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biotin", + "vitamin H" + ], + "it": [ + "biotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a B vitamin that aids in body growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin K", + "naphthoquinone", + "antihemorrhagic factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fat-soluble vitamin that helps in the clotting of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin K1", + "phylloquinone", + "phytonadione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of vitamin K" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin K3", + "menadione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of vitamin K" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin P", + "bioflavinoid", + "citrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vitamin that maintains the resistance of cell and capillary walls to permeation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin C", + "C", + "ascorbic acid" + ], + "it": [ + "acido ascorbico", + "ascorbina", + "vitamina C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitriol", + "oil of vitriol", + "sulfuric acid", + "sulphuric acid" + ], + "it": [ + "vetriolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(H2SO4) a highly corrosive acid made from sulfur dioxide; widely used in the chemical industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volatile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volatile substance; a substance that changes readily from solid or liquid to a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallpaper" + ], + "it": [ + "tappezzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative paper for the walls of rooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper discarded after use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water of crystallization", + "water of crystallisation", + "water of hydration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the water present in hydrated compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax" + ], + "it": [ + "cera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various substances of either mineral origin or plant or animal origin; they are solid at normal temperatures and insoluble in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beeswax" + ], + "it": [ + "cera d'api" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow to brown wax secreted by honeybees to build honeycombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ghedda wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wax from Indian and African bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerumen", + "earwax" + ], + "it": [ + "cerume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft yellow wax secreted by glands in the ear canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraffin", + "paraffin wax" + ], + "it": [ + "paraffina", + "paraffina solida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from crude petroleum; used for candles and for preservative or waterproof coatings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermaceti" + ], + "it": [ + "spermaceti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white waxy substance from oil of the sperm whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waxy substance obtained from plants (especially from the trunks of certain palms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellac wax", + "lac wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard wax separated from shellac by its insolubility in alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadaverine" + ], + "it": [ + "cadaverina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless toxic ptomaine with an unpleasant odor formed during the putrefaction of animal tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadmium sulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow sulfide used chiefly as a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadmium yellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigment of cadmium sulfide and barium sulfate varying in hue from lemon yellow to orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadmium yellow pale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale-hued cadmium yellow pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadmium orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange-hued cadmium yellow pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc cadmium sulfide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cadmium sulfide containing zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verdigris", + "cupric acetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue or green powder used as a paint pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta oleata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper that has been waterproofed by treatment with wax or paraffin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wetting agent", + "wetter", + "surfactant", + "surface-active agent" + ], + "it": [ + "surfactante", + "surfattante", + "tensioattivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent capable of reducing the surface tension of a liquid in which it is dissolved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detergent" + ], + "it": [ + "detergente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface-active chemical widely used in industry and laundering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "builder", + "detergent builder" + ], + "it": [ + "builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale oil", + "train oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di balena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white to brown oil obtained from whale blubber; formerly used as an illuminant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whey", + "milk whey" + ], + "it": [ + "siero di latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the serum or watery part of milk that is separated from the curd in making cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white lead", + "ceruse", + "lead carbonate" + ], + "it": [ + "biacca", + "bianco di piombo", + "cerussa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous white pigment that contains lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicker" + ], + "it": [ + "vimine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender flexible branches or twigs (especially of willow or some canes); used for wickerwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiesenboden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark meadow soil rich in organic material; developed through poor drainage in humid grassy or sedge regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood" + ], + "it": [ + "legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees" + ], + "it": [ + "sostanta dura e fibrosa sotstante la corteccia degli alberi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wood from which dye is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardwood" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "legno duro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood of broad-leaved dicotyledonous trees (as distinguished from the wood of conifers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softwood", + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "legno dolce", + "legno tenero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulpwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "softwood used to make paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood that is not finished or painted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardtack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain mahogany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firewood" + ], + "it": [ + "legna", + "legna da ardere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood used for fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firewood cut and stacked in cords; wood sold by the cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backlog" + ], + "it": [ + "ceppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large log at the back of a hearth fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yule log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large log traditionally burned at Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand", + "firebrand" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciaticcio", + "tizzo", + "tizzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of wood that has been burned or is burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint of pine wood used for fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "igniter", + "ignitor", + "lighter" + ], + "it": [ + "combustibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used to ignite or kindle a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindling", + "tinder", + "touchwood", + "spunk", + "punk" + ], + "it": [ + "esca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material for starting a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substance that smolders when ignited; used to light fuses (especially fireworks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board", + "plank" + ], + "it": [ + "asse", + "tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemongrass", + "lemon grass", + "lemongrass oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic oil that smells like lemon and is widely used in Asian cooking and in perfumes and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "planks collectively; a quantity of planks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chipboard", + "hardboard" + ], + "it": [ + "truciolare", + "truciolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap hard material made from wood chips that are pressed together and bound with synthetic resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot" + ], + "it": [ + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard cross-grained round piece of wood in a board where a branch emerged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knothole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in a board where a knot came out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapboard", + "weatherboard", + "weatherboarding" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tavola di copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin board with one edge thicker than the other; used as siding by lapping one board over the board below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolframite", + "iron manganese tungsten" + ], + "it": [ + "wolframite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mineral consisting of iron and manganese tungstate in crystalline form; the principal ore of tungsten; found in quartz veins associated with granitic rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wollastonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or greyish mineral typically found in metamorphic limestone; a silicate of calcium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood pulp" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta di legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood that has been ground to a pulp; used in making cellulose products (as rayon or paper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood sugar", + "xylose" + ], + "it": [ + "xilosio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sugar extracted from wood or straw; used in foods for diabetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wood's metal", + "Wood's alloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fusible alloy that is half bismuth plus lead, tin, and cadmium; melts at about 160 degrees Fahrenheit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood tar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tar obtained by the destructive distillation of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiber sheared from animals (such as sheep) and twisted into yarn for weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw wool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wool in its natural condition; not refined or processed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpaca" + ], + "it": [ + "alpaca", + "alpaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wool of the alpaca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashmere" + ], + "it": [ + "cachemire", + "cascemir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wool of the Kashmir goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleece" + ], + "it": [ + "vello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wool of a sheep or similar animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reclaimed wool fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wool of the vicuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virgin wool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wool not used before; wool not processed or woven before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrapping paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tough paper used for wrapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta da lettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper material made into thin sheets that are sized to take ink; used for writing correspondence and manuscripts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any oil used to oil wool before spinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wulfenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow to orange or brown mineral used as a molybdenum ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wurtzite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brownish-black mineral consisting of zinc sulfide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xenotime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown-to-yellow mineral that is a phosphate of yttrium in crystalline form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xylene", + "xylol" + ], + "it": [ + "xilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable volatile liquid hydrocarbon used as a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeast", + "barm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial leavening agent containing yeast cells; used to raise the dough in making bread and for fermenting beer or whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowcake", + "U308" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impure mixture of uranium oxides obtained during the processing of uranium ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother" + ], + "it": [ + "madre", + "madre dell'aceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringy slimy substance consisting of yeast cells and bacteria; forms during fermentation and is added to cider or wine to produce vinegar" + ], + "it": [ + "ammasso gelatinoso, costituito da batteri acetificanti e altri microrganismi, che si forma nell'aceto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a family of glassy minerals analogous to feldspar containing hydrated aluminum silicates of calcium or sodium or potassium; formed in cavities in lava flows and in plutonic rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chabazite", + "chabasite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of minerals of the zeolite family consisting of a hydrous silicate of calcium and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heulandite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of minerals of the zeolite family consisting of a hydrous aluminum silicate of sodium and calcium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natrolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of minerals of the zeolite family consisting of a hydrous silicate of sodium and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phillipsite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of white or reddish crystalline minerals of the zeolite family consisting of a hydrous silicate of calcium and potassium and aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc blende", + "blende", + "sphalerite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ore that is the chief source of zinc; consists largely of zinc sulfide in crystalline form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc oxide", + "flowers of zinc", + "philosopher's wool", + "philosophers' wool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oxide of zinc; a white powder used as a pigment or in cosmetics or glass or inks and in zinc ointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc sulfate", + "zinc sulphate", + "white vitriol", + "zinc vitriol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless water-soluble powder; used as a mordant or to preserve wood or for the electrodeposition of zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc sulfide", + "zinc sulphide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow to white crystalline fluorescent compound that occurs naturally as sphalerite or wurtzite and is used as a luminous pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc white", + "Chinese white" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white pigment used in house paints; consists of zinc oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinkenite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel grey metallic mineral (a sulphide of lead and antimony)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinnwaldite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mica containing iron and lithium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zircon", + "zirconium silicate" + ], + "it": [ + "zircone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common mineral occurring in small crystals; chief source of zirconium; used as a refractory when opaque and as a gem when transparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zirconium oxide", + "zirconia", + "zirconium dioxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline oxide; used in refractories and in insulation and abrasives and enamels and glazes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zymase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of enzymes that cause glycolysis; originally found in yeast but also present in higher organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emanation" + ], + "it": [ + "emanazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is emitted or radiated (as a gas or an odor or a light, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectoplasm" + ], + "it": [ + "ectoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(spiritualism) a substance supposed to emanate from the body of the medium during a trance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essence" + ], + "it": [ + "essenza", + "estratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance possessing to a high degree the predominant properties of a plant or drug or other natural product from which it is extracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance (an atom or molecule or radical or ion) that forms a complex around a central atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored glassy compound (opaque or partially opaque) that is fused to the surface of metal or glass or pottery for decoration or protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of organic compounds that contain the divalent radical -CONHCO-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance involved in metabolism (either as a product of metabolism or as necessary for metabolism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter produced by plants or growing in the manner of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anabolic steroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of synthetic steroid hormones used to stimulate muscle and bone growth; more than 100 have been developed and each requires a prescription to be used legally in the United States; sometimes used illicitly by athletes to increase their strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pregnanediol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound found in women's urine during certain phases of the menstrual cycle and in the urine of pregnant women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubocurarine", + "curare" + ], + "it": [ + "curaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic alkaloid found in certain tropical South American trees that is a powerful relaxant for striated muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberculin" + ], + "it": [ + "tubercolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sterile liquid containing a purified protein derivative of the tuberculosis bacterium; used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that facilitates the use of a drug or pigment or other material that is mixed with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesicant", + "vesicatory" + ], + "it": [ + "vescicatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical agent that causes blistering (especially mustard gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernix", + "vernix caseosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white cheeselike protective material that covers the skin of a fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vitrified substance; the glassy result of being vitrified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small mass of soft material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt or ester of xanthic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthic acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of unstable organic acids containing sulphur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crystalline oxidation product of the metabolism of nucleoproteins; precursor of uric acid; found in many organs and in urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time period", + "period of time", + "period" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo", + "tratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial period", + "test period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time during which someone or something is tested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period during which something occurs or is expected to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geological time", + "geologic time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of the physical formation and development of the earth (especially prior to human history)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of various biological processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmic time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time covered by the physical formation and development of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil time", + "standard time", + "local time" + ], + "it": [ + "ora locale", + "ora ufficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official time in a local region (adjusted for location around the Earth); established by law or custom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daylight-saving time", + "daylight-savings time", + "daylight saving", + "daylight savings" + ], + "it": [ + "ora legale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time during which clocks are set one hour ahead of local standard time; widely adopted during summer to provide extra daylight in the evenings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hours" + ], + "it": [ + "ora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite period of time" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di durata indefinita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downtime" + ], + "it": [ + "tempi morti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is not operating (especially as a result of malfunctions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uptime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is functioning and available for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "24/7" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uptime is 24 hours a day 7 days a week" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hours" + ], + "it": [ + "orario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time assigned for work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period when you are required to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time off" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "periodo di pausa", + "periodo di permesso", + "giorni di permesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period when you are not required to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work time spent at the location of or in the presence of other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensatory time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time off that is granted to a worker as compensation for working overtime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time when you are confined to a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time spent traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present", + "nowadays" + ], + "it": [ + "presente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "now" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the momentary present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "here and now", + "present moment", + "moment" + ], + "it": [ + "istante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "at this time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "times" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more or less definite period of time now or previously present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern times", + "present times", + "modern world", + "contemporary world" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno d'oggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circumstances and ideas of the present age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman times" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period during which Rome dominated Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past", + "past times", + "yesteryear" + ], + "it": [ + "passato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time that has elapsed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time long past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bygone", + "water under the bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "past events to be put aside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "past times (especially in the phrase `in days of old')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history" + ], + "it": [ + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregate of past events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future", + "hereafter", + "futurity", + "time to come" + ], + "it": [ + "a venire", + "avvenire", + "domani", + "futuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time yet to come" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo musicale", + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the beat of musical rhythm" + ], + "it": [ + "velocità alla quale si esegue un brano musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo", + "periodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo di tempo indefinito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elizabethan age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period in British history during the reign of Elizabeth I in the 16th century; an age marked by literary achievement and domestic prosperity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victorian age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period in British history during the reign of Queen Victoria in the 19th century; her character and moral standards restored the prestige of the British monarchy but gave the era a prudish reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno", + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some point or period in time" + ], + "it": [ + "un momento nel tempo, indefinito ma contraddistinto da un avvenimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time when coldness (or some other quality associated with death) is intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard times" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time of difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incarnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time passed in a particular bodily form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous nonspatial whole or extent or succession in which no part or portion is distinct or distinguishable from adjacent parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history" + ], + "it": [ + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuum of events occurring in succession leading from the past to the present and even into the future" + ], + "it": [ + "svolgimento delle vicende umane nel tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phanerozoic", + "Phanerozoic eon", + "Phanerozoic aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from about 5,400 million years ago until the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cenozoic", + "Cenozoic era", + "Age of Mammals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approximately the last 63 million years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quaternary", + "Quaternary period", + "Age of Man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last 2 million years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocene", + "Holocene epoch", + "Recent", + "Recent epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "olocene", + "postdiluviale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approximately the last 10,000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleistocene", + "Pleistocene epoch", + "Glacial epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "pleistocene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from two million to 11 thousand years ago; extensive glaciation of the northern hemisphere; the time of human evolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tertiary", + "Tertiary period" + ], + "it": [ + "terziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 63 million to 2 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pliocene", + "Pliocene epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "pliocene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 13 million to 2 million years ago; growth of mountains; cooling of climate; more and larger mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miocene", + "Miocene epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "miocene", + "miocenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 25 million to 13 million years ago; appearance of grazing mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oligocene", + "Oligocene epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "oligocene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 40 million to 25 million years ago; appearance of sabertoothed cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eocene", + "Eocene epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "eocene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 58 million to 40 million years ago; presence of modern mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleocene", + "Paleocene epoch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 63 million to 58 million years ago; appearance of birds and earliest mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesozoic", + "Mesozoic era", + "Age of Reptiles" + ], + "it": [ + "mesozoico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 230 million to 63 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cretaceous", + "Cretaceous period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 135 million to 63 million years ago; end of the age of reptiles; appearance of modern insects and flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jurassic", + "Jurassic period" + ], + "it": [ + "giurassico", + "giurese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 190 million to 135 million years ago; dinosaurs; conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triassic", + "Triassic period" + ], + "it": [ + "triasico", + "triassico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 230 million to 190 million years ago; dinosaurs, marine reptiles; volcanic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleozoic", + "Paleozoic era" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 544 million to about 230 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Permian", + "Permian period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 280 million to 230 million years ago; reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carboniferous", + "Carboniferous period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 345 million to 280 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennsylvanian", + "Pennsylvanian period", + "Upper Carboniferous", + "Upper Carboniferous period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 310 million to 280 million years ago; warm climate; swampy land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mississippian", + "Missippian period", + "Lower Carboniferous", + "Lower Carboniferous period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 345 million to 310 million years ago; increase of land areas; primitive ammonites; winged insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Devonian", + "Devonian period", + "Age of Fishes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 405 million to 345 million years ago; preponderance of fishes and appearance of amphibians and ammonites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silurian", + "Silurian period" + ], + "it": [ + "siluriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 425 million to 405 million years ago; first air-breathing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ordovician", + "Ordovician period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 500 million to 425 million years ago; conodonts and ostracods and algae and seaweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambrian", + "Cambrian period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 544 million to about 500 million years ago; marine invertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Precambrian", + "Precambrian eon", + "Precambrian aeon", + "Precambrian period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eon following the Hadean time and preceding the Phanerozoic eon; from about 3,800 million years ago until 544 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proterozoic", + "Proterozoic eon", + "Proterozoic aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from 2,500 to 544 million years ago; bacteria and fungi; primitive multicellular organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archean", + "Archean eon", + "Archean aeon", + "Archeozoic", + "Archaeozoic", + "Archeozoic eon", + "Archaeozoic aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time from 3,800 million years to 2,500 million years ago; earth's crust formed; unicellular organisms are earliest forms of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hadean", + "Hadean time", + "Hadean eon", + "Hadean aeon", + "Priscoan", + "Priscoan eon", + "Priscoan aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest eon in the history of the Earth from the first accretion of planetary material (around 4,600 million years ago) until the date of the oldest known rocks (about 3,800 million years ago); no evidence of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock time", + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "ora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reading of a point in time as given by a clock" + ], + "it": [ + "l'ora come indicata dall'orologio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenwich Mean Time", + "Greenwich Time", + "GMT", + "universal time", + "UT", + "UT1" + ], + "it": [ + "T.M.G.", + "tempo medio di Greenwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the local time at the 0 meridian passing through Greenwich, England; it is the same everywhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinated universal time", + "UTC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greenwich Mean Time updated with leap seconds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Earth-received time", + "ERT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coordinated universal time when an event is received on Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-way light time", + "OWLT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elapsed time it takes for light (or radio signals) to travel between the Earth and a celestial object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-trip light time", + "RTLT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elapsed time it takes for a signal to travel from Earth to a spacecraft (or other body) and back to the starting point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elapsed time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time that elapses while some event is occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission time", + "TRM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coordinated universal time when a transmission is sent from Earth to a spacecraft or other celestial body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacecraft event time", + "SCET" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coordinated universal time on board the spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacecraft clock time", + "SCLK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clock time given by a clock carried on board a spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic Time", + "Atlantic Standard Time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 4th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 60th meridian; used in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and Bermuda and the Canadian Maritime Provinces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern Time", + "Eastern Standard Time", + "EST" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 5th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 75th meridian; used in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Time", + "Central Standard Time", + "CST" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 6th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 90th meridian; used in the central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mountain Time", + "Mountain Standard Time", + "MST" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 7th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 105th meridian west; used in the mountain states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific Time", + "Pacific Standard Time", + "PST" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 8th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 120th meridian west; used in far western states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska Standard Time", + "Yukon Time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 9th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 135th meridian west; used in Hawaii and most of Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaii Time", + "Hawaii Standard Time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 10th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 150th meridian west; used in Hawaii and the western Aleutian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bering Time", + "Bering Standard Time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard time in the 11th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 165th meridian west; used in the Midway Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duration", + "continuance" + ], + "it": [ + "durata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of enduring or continuing in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duration", + "continuance" + ], + "it": [ + "durata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time during which something continues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time taken to traverse a measured course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longueur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of dullness or boredom (especially in a work of literature or performing art)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residence time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time spent in a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "span" + ], + "it": [ + "arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complete duration of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbroken period of time during which you do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala temporale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of events used as a measure of duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value", + "time value", + "note value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the relative duration of a musical note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extended time scale", + "slow time scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(simulation) the time scale used in data processing when the time-scale factor is greater than one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast time scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(simulation) the time scale used in data processing when the time-scale factor is less than one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time being", + "nonce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological clock" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio biologico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an innate mechanism in living organisms that controls the periodicity of many physiological functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circadian rhythm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daily cycle of activity observed in many living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourth dimension", + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event" + ], + "it": [ + "la quarta delle dimensioni richieste per descrivere un evento fisico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workweek", + "week" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hours or days of work in a calendar week" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "week", + "calendar week" + ], + "it": [ + "settimana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di sette giorni, dal lunedì alla domenica, in cui è suddiviso l’anno civile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midweek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of a week" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno", + "giornata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recurring hours when you are not sleeping (especially those when you are working)" + ], + "it": [ + "ore della giornata che si dedicano all'attività lavorativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workday", + "working day" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of time that a worker must work for an agreed daily wage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workday", + "working day", + "work day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno feriale", + "giorno lavorativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day on which work is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest day", + "day of rest" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno di riposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day set aside for rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtime" + ], + "it": [ + "straordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work done in addition to regular working hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnaround", + "turnaround time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time need to prepare a vessel or ship for a return trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare time", + "free time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time available for hobbies and other activities that you enjoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day off" + ], + "it": [ + "vacanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day when you are not required to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leisure", + "leisure time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo libero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time available for ease and relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacation", + "holiday" + ], + "it": [ + "ferie", + "vacanza", + "villeggiatura", + "feria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short vacation about halfway through a school term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for vacation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day on which half is free from work or duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playtime", + "playday" + ], + "it": [ + "ricreazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time for play or diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field day", + "outing", + "picnic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day devoted to an outdoor social gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time of unusual pleasure and success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeymoon" + ], + "it": [ + "luna di miele", + "viaggio di nozze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holiday taken by a newly married couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paid vacation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacation from work by an employee with pay granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "leave of absence" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettativa", + "licenza", + "permesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time during which you are absent from work or duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furlough" + ], + "it": [ + "licenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary leave of absence from military duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a written leave of absence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compassionate leave" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "congedo straordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) leave granted in an emergency such as family sickness or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabbatical", + "sabbatical leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leave usually taken every seventh year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabbatical year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sabbatical leave lasting one year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore leave", + "liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "franchigia", + "licenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave granted to a sailor or naval officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leave of absence from work because of illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final leave before discharge from military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life", + "lifetime", + "life-time", + "lifespan" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period between birth and the present time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from the present until death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "days", + "years" + ], + "it": [ + "anno", + "giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time during which someone's life continues" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo della vita, età" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millennium", + "millenary" + ], + "it": [ + "millennio", + "millesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a span of 1000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimillennium", + "bimillenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a span of 2000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time during which a place or position or nation is occupied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past" + ], + "it": [ + "passato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelf life" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di scadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of time a packaged food or drug will last without deteriorating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life expectancy" + ], + "it": [ + "speranza di vita", + "durata media della vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expected time to live as calculated on the basis of statistical probabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time when something begins (especially life)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ], + "it": [ + "culla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puerperium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time period following childbirth when the mother's uterus shrinks and the other functional and anatomic changes of pregnancy are resolved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period following birth during which milk is secreted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incipiency", + "incipience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beginning to exist or to be apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death", + "last" + ], + "it": [ + "morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which life ends; continuing until dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death", + "dying", + "demise" + ], + "it": [ + "fine", + "morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time when something ends" + ], + "it": [ + "il momento in cui qualcosa finisce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "death of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterlife", + "hereafter" + ], + "it": [ + "aldilà", + "averno", + "oltretomba", + "vita dell'al di là", + "vita ultraterrena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immortality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perpetual life after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end or completion of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time of life" + ], + "it": [ + "età" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time during which a person is normally in a particular life state" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle fasi in cui si può suddividere la vita dell'uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age", + "eld" + ], + "it": [ + "età" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo della vita umana identificato in rapporto alle funzioni fisiche o psichiche o agli aspetti sociali della vita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonatal period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first 28 days of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infancy", + "babyhood", + "early childhood" + ], + "it": [ + "infanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the early stage of growth or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anal stage", + "anal phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the second sexual and social stage of a child's development during which bowel control is learned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genital stage", + "genital phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the fifth sexual and social stage in a person's development occurring during adolescence; interest focuses on sexual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latency stage", + "latency phase", + "latency period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the fourth period (from about age 5 or 6 until puberty) during which sexual interests are supposed to be sublimated into other activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral stage", + "oral phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the first sexual and social stage of an infant's development; the mouth is the focus of the libido and satisfaction comes from suckling and chewing and biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phallic stage", + "phallic phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the third stage in a child's development when awareness of and manipulation of the genitals is supposed to be a primary source of pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childhood" + ], + "it": [ + "fanciullezza", + "infanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of person's life when they are a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girlhood", + "maidenhood", + "maidhood" + ], + "it": [ + "fanciullezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the childhood of a girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boyhood" + ], + "it": [ + "fanciullezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the childhood of a boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schooldays", + "schooltime" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tempi della scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life when you are going to school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth" + ], + "it": [ + "gioventù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between childhood and maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adolescence" + ], + "it": [ + "adolescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period between the beginning of puberty and adulthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepuberty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of two years immediately prior to the onset of puberty when growth and changes leading to sexual maturity occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puberty", + "pubescence" + ], + "it": [ + "pubertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life when sex glands become functional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between the ages of 12 and 20" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenties", + "mid-twenties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 20 and 30" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1900s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1900 to 1909" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1530s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1530 to 1539" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenties", + "1920s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Venti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1920 to 1929" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1920 al 1929" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1820s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1820 to 1829" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirties", + "mid-thirties", + "thirty-something" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 30 and 40" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirties", + "1930s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Trenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1930 to 1939" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1930 al 1939" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1830s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1830 to 1839" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forties", + "mid-forties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 40 and 50" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forties", + "1940s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Quaranta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1940 to 1949" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1940 al 1949" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1840s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1840 to 1849" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifties", + "mid-fifties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 50 and 60" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifties", + "1950s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Cinquanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1950 to 1959" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1950 al 1959" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1850s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1850 to 1859" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1750s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1750 to 1759" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixties", + "mid-sixties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 60 and 70" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixties", + "1960s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Sessanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1960 to 1969" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1960 al 1969" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1860s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1860 to 1869" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1760s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1760 to 1769" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden years" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life after retirement from active work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventies", + "mid-seventies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 70 and 80" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventies", + "1970s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Settanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1970 to 1979" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1970 al 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1870s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1870 to 1879" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1770s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1770 to 1779" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighties", + "mid-eighties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 80 and 90" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighties", + "1980s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Ottanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1980 to 1989" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1980 al 1989" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighties", + "1880s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1880 to 1889" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1780s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1780 to 1789" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nineties", + "mid-nineties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between 90 and 100" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nineties", + "1990s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Novanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1990 to 1999" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1990 al 1999" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nineties", + "1890s" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anni Novanta dell'Ottocento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1890 to 1899" + ], + "it": [ + "il decennio dal 1890 al 1899" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "1790s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decade from 1790 to 1799" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloom", + "bloom of youth", + "salad days" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best time of youth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age of consent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimum age for marrying without parental consent or the minimum age for consensual sexual relations; intercourse at an earlier age can result in a charge of assault or statutory rape; the age differs in different states of the Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority", + "legal age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the age at which persons are considered competent to manage their own affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minority", + "nonage" + ], + "it": [ + "minorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any age prior to the legal age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime", + "prime of life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of maturity when power and vigor are greatest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the age at which is legal for a person to buy alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the age at which a person is old enough to vote in public elections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulthood", + "maturity" + ], + "it": [ + "età adulta", + "maturità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time in your life after your physical growth has stopped and you are fully developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maturity", + "maturity date", + "due date" + ], + "it": [ + "maturazione", + "scadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the date on which an obligation must be repaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelorhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of a man's life prior to marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle age" + ], + "it": [ + "mezza età" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of life between youth and old age (e.g., between 40 and 60 years of age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widowhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of a woman's life when she is a widow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old age", + "years", + "age", + "eld", + "geezerhood" + ], + "it": [ + "senilità", + "terza età", + "vecchiaia", + "vecchiezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a late time of life" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo avanzato della vita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dotage", + "second childhood", + "senility" + ], + "it": [ + "istupidimento", + "rimbambimento", + "rimbecillimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental infirmity as a consequence of old age; sometimes shown by foolish infatuations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathbed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last few hours before death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menopause", + "climacteric", + "change of life" + ], + "it": [ + "menopausa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time in a woman's life in which the menstrual cycle ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climacteric" + ], + "it": [ + "climaterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period in a man's life corresponding to menopause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time unit", + "unit of time" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit for measuring time periods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day", + "twenty-four hours", + "twenty-four hour period", + "24-hour interval", + "solar day", + "mean solar day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno", + "ventiquattr'ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo di tempo pari a quello che la Terra impiega per ruotare completamente intorno al proprio asse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomorrow" + ], + "it": [ + "domani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day after today" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "today" + ], + "it": [ + "oggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day that includes the present moment (as opposed to yesterday or tomorrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yesterday" + ], + "it": [ + "ieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day immediately before today" + ], + "it": [ + "nel giorno che ha preceduto quello in cui si parla o si scrive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morrow" + ], + "it": [ + "indomani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eve" + ], + "it": [ + "vigilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean time", + "mean solar time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) time based on the motion of the mean sun (an imaginary sun moving uniformly along the celestial equator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial time", + "TT", + "terrestrial dynamical time", + "TDT", + "ephemeris time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a measure of time defined by Earth's orbital motion; terrestrial time is mean solar time corrected for the irregularities of the Earth's motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar day", + "civil day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno", + "giorno civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day reckoned from midnight to midnight" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo di ventiquattr'ore contate da una mezzanotte alla successiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ], + "it": [ + "giornata", + "giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day assigned to a particular purpose or observance" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno dell'anno dedicato a una celebrazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Admission Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some states of the United States: a legal holiday commemorating the day the state was admitted to the Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arbor Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day designated for planting trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinco de Mayo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth of May which is observed in Mexico and Mexican-American communities in the United States to commemorate the Mexican victory over the French in the Battle of Puebla in 1862" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commencement day", + "degree day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day on which university degrees are conferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "November 5" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anniversary of the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guy Fawkes Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "day for the celebration of the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonfire Night", + "Guy Fawkes Night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effigies of Guy Fawkes are burned on this night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inauguration Day", + "January 20" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day designated for inauguration of the United States President" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap day", + "bissextile day", + "February 29" + ], + "it": [ + "bisesto", + "bissesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name of the day that is added during a leap year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date", + "day of the month" + ], + "it": [ + "data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the specified day of the month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ], + "it": [ + "data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular day specified as the time something happens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular day in the future that is specified as the time something will happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alternative date set for some outdoor event in case it rains on the appointed date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell-by date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a date stamped on perishable produce indicating the date by which it should be sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ], + "it": [ + "data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular day, month, or year (usually according to the Gregorian calendar) that an event occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian holy day; one of four specified days when certain payments are due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day designated for fasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major fast day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two major fast days on the Jewish calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor fast day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of five minor fast days on the Jewish calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feast day", + "fete day" + ], + "it": [ + "festa", + "solennità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day designated for feasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Succoth", + "Sukkoth", + "Succos", + "Feast of Booths", + "Feast of Tabernacles", + "Tabernacles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major Jewish festival beginning on the eve of the 15th of Tishri and commemorating the shelter of the Israelites during their 40 years in the wilderness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious festival", + "church festival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival having religious significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "D-day", + "6 June 1944" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "date of the Allied landing in France, World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V-day", + "Victory Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day of a victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V-E Day", + "8 May 1945" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the date of Allied victory in Europe, World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V-J Day", + "15 August 1945" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the date of Allied victory over Japan, World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day of the week" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the seven days in a week" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekday" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno feriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any day except Sunday (and sometimes except Saturday)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feria" + ], + "it": [ + "feria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weekday on which no festival or holiday is celebrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunday", + "Lord's Day", + "Dominicus", + "Sun" + ], + "it": [ + "domenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians" + ], + "it": [ + "settimo giorno della settimana civile e primo di quella liturgica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monday", + "Mon" + ], + "it": [ + "lunedì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second day of the week; the first working day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuesday", + "Tues" + ], + "it": [ + "marte", + "martedì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third day of the week; the second working day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wednesday", + "Midweek", + "Wed" + ], + "it": [ + "mer.", + "merc.", + "mercoledì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth day of the week; the third working day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thursday", + "Th" + ], + "it": [ + "giovedì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno della settimana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friday", + "Fri" + ], + "it": [ + "venerdì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth day of the week; the fifth working day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturday", + "Sabbatum", + "Sat" + ], + "it": [ + "sabato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians" + ], + "it": [ + "il sesto giorno della settimana, segue il venerdi` e precede la domenica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabbath" + ], + "it": [ + "domenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day of rest and worship: Sunday for most Christians; Saturday for the Jews and a few Christians; Friday for Muslims" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno festivo dedicato alle pratiche religiose e al riposo (sabato per gli ebrei, domenica per i cristiani)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day", + "daytime", + "daylight" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno", + "giornata", + "dì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di luce fra l’alba e il tramonto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning", + "morn", + "morning time", + "forenoon" + ], + "it": [ + "mattina", + "mattinata", + "mattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period between dawn and noon" + ], + "it": [ + "il periodo di tempo tra l'alba e il mezzogiorno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noon", + "twelve noon", + "high noon", + "midday", + "noonday", + "noontide" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzodì", + "mezzogiorno", + "sesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mealtime" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ora di mangiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hour at which a meal is habitually or customarily eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast time" + ], + "it": [ + "ora di colazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the customary or habitual hour for eating breakfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunchtime", + "lunch period" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ora di pranzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the customary or habitual hour for eating lunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinnertime", + "suppertime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the customary or habitual hour for the evening meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afternoon" + ], + "it": [ + "pomeriggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the day between noon and evening" + ], + "it": [ + "parte del giorno compresa fra il mezzogiorno e la sera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midafternoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of the afternoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening", + "eve", + "even", + "eventide" + ], + "it": [ + "sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)" + ], + "it": [ + "l'ultima parte del giorno compresa fra il tramonto, o le ultime ore del pomeriggio, e l'inizio della notte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guest night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evening when members of a club or college can bring their friends as guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime time" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia di massimo ascolto", + "prime time", + "prima serata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hours between 7 and 11 p.m. when the largest tv audience is available" + ], + "it": [ + "nella programmazione televisiva, la fascia oraria serale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night", + "nighttime", + "dark" + ], + "it": [ + "notte", + "buio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside" + ], + "it": [ + "il periodo di tempo seguente il tramonto e prima dell'alba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ], + "it": [ + "sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time between sunset and midnight" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio di tempo compreso fra la cena, o il dopocena, e la mezzanotte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ], + "it": [ + "notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period spent sleeping" + ], + "it": [ + "il periodo notturno dedicato al riposo e al sonno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ], + "it": [ + "notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione o periodo caratterizzato da oscurantismo, ignoranza, cecità mentale o spirituale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeknight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any night of the week except Saturday or Sunday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period immediately before something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening" + ], + "it": [ + "serata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way" + ], + "it": [ + "la sera, con riferimento alla sua durata, al modo di trascorrerla o alle condizioni atmosferiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "late-night hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latter part of night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midnight" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzanotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small hours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hours just after midnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedtime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time you go to bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lights-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prescribed bedtime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closing time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regular time of day when an establishment closes to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawn", + "dawning", + "morning", + "aurora", + "first light", + "daybreak", + "break of day", + "break of the day", + "dayspring", + "sunrise", + "sunup", + "cockcrow" + ], + "it": [ + "alba", + "albeggiamento", + "albeggiare", + "albore", + "albori", + "aurora", + "biancore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first light of day" + ], + "it": [ + "la prima luce del giorno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early-morning hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an hour early in the morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunset", + "sundown" + ], + "it": [ + "tramonto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight", + "dusk", + "gloaming", + "gloam", + "nightfall", + "evenfall", + "fall", + "crepuscule", + "crepuscle" + ], + "it": [ + "crepuscolo", + "imbrunire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of day immediately following sunset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shortening of nightfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "week", + "hebdomad" + ], + "it": [ + "settimana", + "ebdomada", + "eddomada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any period of seven consecutive days" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di sette giorni consecutivi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "week from Monday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period of a week or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortnight", + "two weeks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of fourteen consecutive days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekend" + ], + "it": [ + "fine settimana", + "week-end", + "weekend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period usually extending from Friday night through Sunday; more loosely defined as any period of successive days including one and only one Sunday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag", + "rag week" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a week at British universities during which side-shows and processions of floats are organized to raise money for charities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day on which university students hold a rag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-letter day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a memorably happy or noteworthy day (from the custom of marking holy days in red on church calendars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judgment Day", + "Judgement Day", + "Day of Judgment", + "Day of Judgement", + "Doomsday", + "Last Judgment", + "Last Judgement", + "Last Day", + "eschaton", + "day of reckoning", + "doomsday", + "crack of doom", + "end of the world" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno del giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) day at the end of time following Armageddon when God will decree the fates of all individual humans according to the good and evil of their earthly lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off-day" + ], + "it": [ + "giornataccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day when things go poorly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo di accesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the interval between the time data is requested by the system and the time the data is provided by the drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance", + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "arco", + "distanza", + "giro", + "intervallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interval between two times" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di tempo che intercorre tra due eventi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remote point in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embolism", + "intercalation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insertion into a calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payday" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno di paga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day on which you receive pay for your work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polling day", + "election day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno delle elezioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day appointed for an election; in the United States it is the 1st Tuesday after the 1st Monday in November" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church year", + "Christian year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the year in the ecclesiastical calendar; especially feast days and special seasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day for outdoor athletic competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a day for military exercises and display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar" + ], + "it": [ + "calendario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timekeeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of determining the time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lunar calendar in use in ancient Rome; replaced by the Julian calendar in 46 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ides" + ], + "it": [ + "idi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Roman calendar: the 15th of March or May or July or October or the 13th of any other month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno di mercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed day for holding a public market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregorian calendar", + "New Style calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solar calendar now in general use, introduced by Gregory XIII in 1582 to correct an error in the Julian calendar by suppressing 10 days, making Oct 5 be called Oct 15, and providing that only centenary years divisible by 400 should be leap years; it was adopted by Great Britain and the American colonies in 1752" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Julian calendar", + "Old Style calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solar calendar introduced in Rome in 46 b.c. by Julius Caesar and slightly modified by Augustus, establishing the 12-month year of 365 days with each 4th year having 366 days and the months having 31 or 30 days except for February" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the calendar adopted by the first French Republic in 1793 and abandoned in 1805; dates were calculated from Sept. 22, 1792" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary calendar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a month in the Revolutionary calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vendemiaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first month of the Revolutionary calendar (September and October); the month of the grape harvest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brumaire" + ], + "it": [ + "brumaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "second month of the Revolutionary calendar (October and November); the month of mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frimaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "third month of the Revolutionary calendar (November and December); the frosty month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nivose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fourth month of the Revolutionary calendar (December and January); the snowy month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluviose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fifth month of the Revolutionary calendar (January and February); the rainy month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ventose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sixth month of the Revolutionary calendar (February and March); the windy month" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Germinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seventh month of the Revolutionary calendar (March and April); the month of buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Floreal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eighth month of the Revolutionary calendar (April and May); the month of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prairial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ninth month of the Revolutionary calendar (May and June); the month of meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Messidor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tenth month of the Revolutionary calendar (June and July); the month of harvest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thermidor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eleventh month of the Revolutionary calendar (July and August); the month of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fructidor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twelfth month of the Revolutionary calendar (August and September); the month of fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewish calendar", + "Hebrew calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the calendar used by the Jews; dates from 3761 BC (the assumed date of the Creation of the world); a lunar year of 354 days is adjusted to the solar year by periodic leap years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calendar based on lunar cycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunisolar calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calendar based on both lunar and solar cycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calendar based on solar cycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamic calendar", + "Muhammadan calendar", + "Mohammedan calendar", + "Moslem calendar", + "Muslim calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lunar calendar used by Muslims; dates from 622 AD (the year of the Hegira); the beginning of the Muslim year retrogresses through the solar year completing the cycle every 32 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lunisolar calendar governing the religious life of Hindus; an extra month is inserted after every month in which there are two new moons (once every three years)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date", + "particular date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular but unspecified point in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadline" + ], + "it": [ + "scadenza", + "termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point in time at which something must be completed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curfew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time that the curfew signal is sounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anachronism", + "mistiming", + "misdating" + ], + "it": [ + "anacronismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something located at a time when it could not have existed or occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "point in time" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instant of time" + ], + "it": [ + "istante, momento in cui si verifica qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrival time", + "time of arrival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which a public conveyance is scheduled to arrive at a given destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departure time", + "time of departure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which a public conveyance is scheduled to depart from a given point of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkout", + "checkout time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latest time for vacating a hotel room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Week", + "Passion Week" + ], + "it": [ + "settimana santa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the week before Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a period of remission from sin (usually granted every 25 years)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church calendar", + "ecclesiastical calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calendar of the Christian year indicating the dates of fasts and festivals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walpurgis Night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eve of May Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Year's Eve", + "December 31" + ], + "it": [ + "San Silvestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last day of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Year's Day", + "New Year's", + "January 1" + ], + "it": [ + "Capodanno", + "capo d'anno", + "capodanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first day of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the calendar year just begun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin Luther King Jr's Birthday", + "Martin Luther King Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observed on the Monday closest to January 15" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robert E Lee's Birthday", + "Robert E Lee Day", + "Lee's Birthday", + "January 19" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrated in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i116999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hogmanay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Year's Eve in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosh Hashanah", + "Rosh Hashana", + "Rosh Hashonah", + "Rosh Hashona", + "Jewish New Year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a solemn Jewish feast day celebrated on the 1st or 1st and 2nd of Tishri; noted for the blowing of the shofar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosh Hodesh", + "Rosh Chodesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the beginning of each month in the Jewish calendar; marked by a special liturgy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the New Year in Vietnam; observed for three days after the first full moon after January 20th" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holiday" + ], + "it": [ + "festa", + "giorno di vacanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day on which work is suspended by law or custom" + ], + "it": [ + "vacanza dalla scuola o dal lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious holiday", + "holy day" + ], + "it": [ + "festa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day specified for religious observance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "High Holy Day", + "High Holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jewish holy days observed with particular solemnity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian holy day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious holiday for Christians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewish holy day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious holiday for Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy day of obligation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day when Catholics must attend Mass and refrain from servile work, and Episcopalians must take Communion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movable feast", + "moveable feast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious holiday that falls on different dates in different years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yom Kippur", + "Day of Atonement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a solemn and major fast day on the Jewish calendar; 10th of Tishri; its observance is one of the requirements of the Mosaic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Agnes's Eve", + "January 20" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian holy day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martinmas", + "St Martin's Day", + "11 November" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feast of Saint Martin; a quarter day in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian summer", + "Saint Martin's summer" + ], + "it": [ + "estate di San Martino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of unusually warm weather in the autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annunciation", + "Lady Day", + "Annunciation Day", + "March 25" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival commemorating the announcement of the Incarnation by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary; a quarter day in England, Wales, and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michaelmas", + "Michaelmas Day", + "September 29" + ], + "it": [ + "festa di San Michele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honoring the archangel Michael; a quarter day in England, Wales, and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michaelmastide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season of Michaelmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Candlemas", + "Candlemas Day", + "Feb 2" + ], + "it": [ + "Candelora", + "candelora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feast day commemorating the presentation of Christ in the temple; a quarter day in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Groundhog Day", + "February 2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "if the ground hog emerges and sees his shadow on this day, there will be 6 more weeks of winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincoln's Birthday", + "February 12" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day on which President Abraham Lincoln is remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valentine Day", + "Valentine's Day", + "Saint Valentine's Day", + "St Valentine's Day", + "February 14" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day for the exchange of tokens of affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington's Birthday", + "February 22" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day on which George Washington is remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presidents' Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third Monday in February; commemorates both presidents Lincoln and Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas Independence Day", + "March 2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Texans celebrate the anniversary of Texas' declaration of independence from Mexico in 1836" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St Patrick's Day", + "Saint Patrick's Day", + "March 17" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day observed by the Irish to commemorate the patron saint of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter" + ], + "it": [ + "Pasqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian celebration of the Resurrection of Christ; celebrated on the Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox" + ], + "it": [ + "la celebrazione cristiana della resurrezione di Cristo", + "si celebra la domenica seguente la prima luna piena dopo l'equinazio di primavera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter Sunday", + "Easter Day" + ], + "it": [ + "domenica di Pasqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day (in March or April) on which the festival of Easter is celebrated" + ], + "it": [ + "la domenica in cui viene celebrata la Pasqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "April Fools'", + "April Fools' day", + "All Fools' day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first day of April which is celebrated by playing practical jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pan American Day", + "April 14" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day celebrating political and economic unity among American countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patriot's Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd Monday in April; Massachusetts and Maine celebrate the battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "May Day", + "First of May", + "May 1" + ], + "it": [ + "primo maggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observed in many countries to celebrate the coming of spring; observed in Russia and related countries in honor of labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mother's Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "second Sunday in May" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armed Forces Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd Saturday in May" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Memorial Day", + "Decoration Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legal holiday in the United States, last Monday in May; commemorates the members of the United States armed forces who were killed in war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jefferson Davis' Birthday", + "Davis' Birthday", + "June 3" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrated in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flag Day", + "June 14" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commemorating the adoption of the United States flag in 1777" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Father's Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "US: third Sunday in June" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Independence Day", + "Fourth of July", + "July 4" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal holiday in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lammas", + "Lammas Day", + "August 1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commemorates Saint Peter's miraculous deliverance from prison; a quarter day in Scotland; a harvest festival in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lammastide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season of Lammas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labor Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first Monday in September in the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citizenship Day", + "September 17" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrated in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Indian Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "US: the 4th Friday in September" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbus Day", + "Discovery Day", + "October 12" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal holiday commemorating the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Day", + "October 24" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day for celebrating the founding of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halloween", + "Hallowe'en", + "Allhallows Eve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evening before All Saints' Day; often devoted to pranks played by young people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasch", + "Pascha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Christian festival of Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasch", + "Pascha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Jewish feast of the Passover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastertide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Easter season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palm Sunday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sunday before Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passion Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "domenica di Passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "second Sunday before Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Good Friday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Friday before Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low Sunday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Sunday following Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Saturday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Saturday before Easter; the last day of Lent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Innocents' Day", + "Innocents' Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "December 28, commemorating Herod's slaughter of the children of Bethlehem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Septuagesima", + "Septuagesima Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "settuagesima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd Sunday before Lent (or the 9th before Easter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quinquagesima", + "Quinquagesima Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "quinquagesima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Sunday before Ash Wednesday (the beginning of Lent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quadragesima", + "Quadrigesima Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "domenica di quadragesima", + "quadragesima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Sunday in Lent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinity Sunday" + ], + "it": [ + "festa della santissima Trinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eighth Sunday after Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rogation Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three days before Ascension Day; observed by some Christians as days of supplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solemnity of Mary", + "January 1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a holy day of obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascension", + "Ascension Day", + "Ascension of the Lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) celebration of the Ascension of Christ into heaven; observed on the 40th day after Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circumcision", + "Feast of the Circumcision", + "January 1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church and Anglican Church) feast day celebrating the circumcision of Jesus; celebrated on January 1st" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maundy Thursday", + "Holy Thursday" + ], + "it": [ + "giovedì santo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Thursday before Easter; commemorates the Last Supper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corpus Christi" + ], + "it": [ + "Corpus Domini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Thursday after Trinity Sunday; first celebrated in 1246" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saints Peter and Paul", + "June 29" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first celebrated in the 3rd century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assumption", + "Assumption of Mary", + "August 15" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dormition", + "Feast of Dormition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebration in the Eastern Orthodox Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Assumption in the Roman Catholic Church and is also celebrated on August 15th" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epiphany", + "Epiphany of Our Lord", + "Twelfth day", + "Three Kings' Day", + "January 6" + ], + "it": [ + "Epifania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twelve days after Christmas; celebrates the visit of the three wise men to the infant Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Joseph", + "St Joseph", + "March 19" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian holy day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twelfthtide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season of Epiphany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twelfth night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eve of Twelfth day; evening of January 5" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "All Saints' Day", + "Allhallows", + "November 1", + "Hallowmas", + "Hallowmass" + ], + "it": [ + "Ognissanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian feast day honoring all the saints; first observed in 835" + ], + "it": [ + "Festa cristiana che onora tutti i santi, celebrata il primo di Novembre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Immaculate Conception", + "December 8" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Catholic holy day first celebrated in 1854" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allhallowtide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season of All Saints' Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "All Souls' Day", + "November 2" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day of supplication for all the souls in purgatory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ash Wednesday" + ], + "it": [ + "mercoledì delle Ceneri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 7th Wednesday before Easter; the first day of Lent; the day following Mardi Gras (`Fat Tuesday'); a day of fasting and repentance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ember Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day set aside for fasting and prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passover", + "Pesach", + "Pesah", + "Feast of the Unleavened Bread" + ], + "it": [ + "Pasqua ebraica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a Jewish festival (traditionally 8 days from Nissan 15) celebrating the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas", + "Christmas Day", + "Xmas", + "Dec 25" + ], + "it": [ + "Natale", + "giorno di Natale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Christ; a quarter day in England, Wales, and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas Eve", + "Dec 24" + ], + "it": [ + "vigilia di Natale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day before Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas", + "Christmastide", + "Christmastime", + "Yule", + "Yuletide", + "Noel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boxing Day" + ], + "it": [ + "Santo Stefano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first weekday after Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a Jewish holy day commemorating their deliverance from massacre by Haman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shavous", + "Shabuoth", + "Shavuoth", + "Shavuot", + "Pentecost", + "Feast of Weeks" + ], + "it": [ + "Pentecoste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) Jewish holy day celebrated on the sixth of Sivan to celebrate Moses receiving the Ten Commandments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shimchath Torah", + "Simchat Torah", + "Simhath Torah", + "Simhat Torah", + "Simchas Torah", + "Rejoicing over the Law", + "Rejoicing of the Law", + "Rejoicing in the Law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a Jewish holy day celebrated on the 22nd or 23rd of Tishri to celebrate the completion of the annual cycle of readings of the Torah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tishah b'Av", + "Tishah b'Ab", + "Tisha b'Av", + "Tisha b'Ab", + "Ninth of Av", + "Ninth of Ab", + "Fast of Av", + "Fast of Ab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a major fast day on the Jewish calendar commemorating the destruction of the temples in Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fast of Gedaliah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a minor fast day on Tishri 3 that commemorates the killing of the Jewish governor of Judah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fast of Tevet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a minor fast day on Tevet 10 commemorates the beginning of the siege of Jerusalem and has also been proclaimed a memorial day for the six million Jews who died in the Holocaust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fast of Esther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a minor fast day on Adar 13 commemorates three days that Esther fasted before approaching the Persian king on behalf of the Jewish people; the fast is connected with Purim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fast of the Firstborn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a minor fast day on Nissan 14 that is observed only by firstborn males; it is observed on the day before Passover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fast of Tammuz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a minor fast day on Tammuz 17 when the walls of Jerusalem were breached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanukkah", + "Hanukah", + "Hannukah", + "Chanukah", + "Chanukkah", + "Channukah", + "Channukkah", + "Festival of Lights", + "Feast of Lights", + "Feast of Dedication", + "Feast of the Dedication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) an eight-day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Temple of Jerusalem in 165 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lag b'Omer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) Jewish holy day; the 33rd day after the 2nd day of Passover; the 18th day of Iyar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal holiday", + "national holiday", + "public holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorized by law and limiting work or official business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several weekdays when banks are closed; a legal holiday in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commonwealth Day", + "Empire day", + "May 24" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British, anniversary of Queen Victoria's birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominion Day", + "July 1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal holiday in Canada commemorating receiving Dominion status in 1867" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bastille Day", + "14 July" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal holiday in France celebrating the storming of the Paris bastille in 1789" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Remembrance Day", + "Remembrance Sunday", + "Poppy Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Sunday nearest to November 11 when those who died in World War I and World War II are commemorated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veterans Day", + "Veterans' Day", + "Armistice Day", + "November 11" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal holiday in the United States; formerly Armistice Day but called Veterans' Day since 1954" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thanksgiving", + "Thanksgiving Day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno del ringraziamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fourth Thursday in November in the United States; second Monday in October in Canada; commemorates a feast held in 1621 by the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria Day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public holiday in Canada on the Monday on or before May 24th" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun" + ], + "it": [ + "il periodo di tempo impiegato da un pianeta (come, per esempio, la Terra o Marte) per compiere un giro completo intorno al sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomalistic year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time of the earth's revolution from perihelion to perihelion again; 365 days and 6 hr and 13 min and 53.1 sec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year-end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of a calendar year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common year", + "365 days" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a year that is not a leap year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap year", + "intercalary year", + "366 days", + "bissextile year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno bisestile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Gregorian calendar: any year divisible by 4 except centenary years divisible by 400" + ], + "it": [ + "anno composto da 366 giorni", + "ogni anno divisibile per 4 fatta eccezzione per i scoli non divisibili per 400" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a year in which no major political elections are held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a year in which productivity is low or inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar year", + "civil year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno civile", + "anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the year (reckoned from January 1 to December 31) according to Gregorian calendar" + ], + "it": [ + "secondo il calendario gregoriano, periodo compreso tra il 1 gennaio e il 31 dicembre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar year", + "tropical year", + "astronomical year", + "equinoctial year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time for the earth to make one revolution around the sun, measured between two vernal equinoxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 12 lunar months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiscal year", + "financial year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno contabile", + "anno finanziario", + "anno fiscale", + "esercizio finanziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any accounting period of 12 months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school", + "schooltime", + "school day" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of instruction in a school; the time period when school is in session" + ], + "it": [ + "l'attività didattica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school year", + "academic year" + ], + "it": [ + "anno scolastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time each year when the school is open and people are studying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year", + "twelvemonth", + "yr" + ], + "it": [ + "anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di 365 (o 366) giorni calcolato a partire da un giorno qualsiasi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Latin) year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year" + ], + "it": [ + "annata", + "anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di tempo basato su una particolare attività che occupa regolarmente una parte dell'anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semester" + ], + "it": [ + "semestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half a year; a period of 6 months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimester" + ], + "it": [ + "bimestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 2 months" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di due mesi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympiad" + ], + "it": [ + "olimpiade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four-year intervals between Olympic Games; used to reckon time in ancient Greece for twelve centuries beginning in 776 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lustrum" + ], + "it": [ + "cinquennio", + "lustro", + "quinquennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of five years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decade", + "decennary", + "decennium" + ], + "it": [ + "decade", + "decennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 10 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "century" + ], + "it": [ + "centennio", + "secolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 100 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrennium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of four years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinquennium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of five years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quattrocento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 15th century in Italian art and literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twentieth century" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the century from 1901 to 2000" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-century" + ], + "it": [ + "cinquantennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 50 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter-century" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 25 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "month" + ], + "it": [ + "mese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time unit of approximately 30 days" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di tempo di circa trenta giorni, che può non coincidere con un mese di calendario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ], + "it": [ + "trimestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fourth part of a year; three months" + ], + "it": [ + "un periodo di tre mesi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase of the moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time when the Moon presents a particular recurring appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new moon", + "new phase of the moon" + ], + "it": [ + "luna nuova", + "novilunio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which the Moon appears as a narrow waxing crescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which the Moon is at first or last quarter when half its face is illuminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first fourth of the Moon's period of revolution around the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last fourth of the Moon's period of revolution around the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full moon", + "full-of-the-moon", + "full phase of the moon", + "full" + ], + "it": [ + "luna piena", + "plenilunio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time when the Moon is fully illuminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the full moon nearest the September equinox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar month", + "moon", + "lunation", + "synodic month" + ], + "it": [ + "luna", + "lunazione", + "mese lunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period between successive new moons (29.531 days)" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo tra lune nuove successive, 29.531 giorni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomalistic month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "period between successive perigees; approximately 27.5546 days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidereal time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measured by the diurnal motion of stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidereal day", + "day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno sidereo", + "giorno siderale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time for one complete rotation of the earth relative to a particular star, about 4 minutes shorter than a mean solar day" + ], + "it": [ + "il tempo che la terra impiega per ritrovarsi nella stessa posizione rispetto a una stella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ], + "it": [ + "giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time taken by a particular planet (e.g. Mars) to make a complete rotation on its axis" + ], + "it": [ + "il tempo impiegato da un pianeta per ruotare attorno al suo asse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time taken for the moon to make one full rotation on its axis (about 27.3 sidereal days)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidereal year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time for the earth to make one complete revolution around the sun, relative to the fixed stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidereal hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/24 of a sidereal day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidereal month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "period between successive conjunctions with a star, 27.322 days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-twelfth of a solar or tropical year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar month", + "month" + ], + "it": [ + "mese", + "mese civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle dodici parti in cui è suddiviso l'anno civile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregorian calendar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a month in the Gregorian calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "January", + "Jan" + ], + "it": [ + "gennaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-January" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of January" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "February", + "Feb" + ], + "it": [ + "febbraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following January and preceding March" + ], + "it": [ + "mese dell'anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-February" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of February" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "March", + "Mar" + ], + "it": [ + "marzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following February and preceding April" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-March" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of March" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "April", + "Apr" + ], + "it": [ + "aprile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following March and preceding May" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-April" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of April" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "May" + ], + "it": [ + "maggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following April and preceding June" + ], + "it": [ + "quinto mese dell'anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-May" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of May" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "June" + ], + "it": [ + "giugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following May and preceding July" + ], + "it": [ + "mese dell'anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-June" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of June" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "July" + ], + "it": [ + "luglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following June and preceding August" + ], + "it": [ + "mese dell'anno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-July" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of July" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "August", + "Aug" + ], + "it": [ + "agosto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following July and preceding September" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-August" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of August" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "September", + "Sep", + "Sept" + ], + "it": [ + "settembre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following August and preceding October" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-September" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of September" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "October", + "Oct" + ], + "it": [ + "ottobre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following September and preceding November" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-October" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of October" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "November", + "Nov" + ], + "it": [ + "novembre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the month following October and preceding December" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-November" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of November" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "December", + "Dec" + ], + "it": [ + "decembre", + "dicembre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last (12th) month of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-December" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of December" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewish calendar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a month in the Jewish calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tishri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first month of the civil year; the seventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in September and October)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heshvan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second month of the civil year; the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in October and November)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kislev", + "Chislev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third month of the civil year; the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in November and December)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tebet", + "Tevet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth month of the civil year; the tenth month of the ecclesiastical year (in December and January)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shebat", + "Shevat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth month of the civil year: the eleventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in January and February)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth month of the civil year; the twelfth month of the ecclesiastic year in the Jewish calendar (in February and March)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veadar", + "Adar Sheni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "included seven times in every 19 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nisan", + "Nissan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh month of the civil year; the first month of the ecclesiastic year (in March and April)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iyar", + "Iyyar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eighth month of the civil year; the second month of the ecclesiastical year (in April and May)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sivan", + "Siwan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ninth month of the civil year; the third month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in May and June)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tammuz", + "Thammuz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenth month of the civil year; the fourth month of the ecclesiastic year (in June and July)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ab", + "Av" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eleventh month of the civil year; the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in July and August)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elul", + "Ellul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the twelfth month of the civil year; the sixth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar (in August and September)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamic calendar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lunar month in the Muslim calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muharram", + "Moharram", + "Muharrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Safar", + "Saphar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rabi I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rabi II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jumada I", + "Jomada I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jumada II", + "Jomada II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rajab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sha'ban", + "Shaaban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eighth month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramadan" + ], + "it": [ + "ramadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ninth month of the Islamic calendar; the month of fasting; the holiest period for the Islamic faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Id al-Fitr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim day of feasting at the end of Ramadan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shawwal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenth month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhu'l-Qa'dah", + "Dhu al-Qadah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eleventh month of the Islamic calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhu'l-Hijja", + "Dhu'l-Hijjah", + "Dhu al-Hijja", + "Dhu al-Hijjah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the twelfth month of the Islamic calendar and the season of the hajj; has one extra day in leap years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Id al-Adha", + "Feast of Sacrifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 10th day of Dhu'l-Hijja; all Muslims attend a service in the mosques and those who are not pilgrims perform a ritual slaughter of a sheep (commemorating God's ransom of Abraham's son from sacrifice) and give at least a third of the meat to charity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu calendar month" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lunisolar month in the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chait", + "Caitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Hindu calendar month (corresponding to March in the Gregorian calendar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramanavami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu lunar holiday (on the 9th day of Caitra) to celebrate the birth of Rama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baisakh", + "Vaisakha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeth", + "Jyaistha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asarh", + "Asadha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sawan", + "Sravana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhadon", + "Bhadrapada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asin", + "Asvina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kartik", + "Karttika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eighth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aghan", + "Margasivsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ninth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pus", + "Pansa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magh", + "Magha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eleventh month of the Hindu calendar; corresponds to January in the Gregorian calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesasamkranti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu solar holiday at the beginning of the new astrological year when the sun enters the constellation Aries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phagun", + "Phalguna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the twelfth month of the Hindu calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saint's day" + ], + "it": [ + "festa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day commemorating a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name day" + ], + "it": [ + "onomastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feast day of a saint whose name one bears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solstice" + ], + "it": [ + "solstizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two times of the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the celestial equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer solstice", + "June 21", + "midsummer" + ], + "it": [ + "solstizio d'estate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "June 21, when the sun is at its northernmost point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midsummer Day", + "Midsummer's Day", + "St John's Day", + "June 24" + ], + "it": [ + "festa di San Giovanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarter day in England, Wales, and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midsummer Eve", + "Midsummer Night", + "St John's Eve", + "St John's Night", + "June 23" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the night before Midsummer Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any day on which school is in session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual day in the schools when speeches are made and prizes are distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washday", + "washing day" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giorno di bucato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day set aside for doing household laundry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day of a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding night" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "prima notte di nozze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the night after the wedding when bride and groom sleep together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter solstice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "December 22, when the sun is at its southernmost point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equinox" + ], + "it": [ + "equinozio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two times of the year when the sun crosses the plane of the earth's equator and day and night are of equal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernal equinox", + "March equinox", + "spring equinox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "March 21" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autumnal equinox", + "September equinox", + "fall equinox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "September 22" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noruz", + "Nowruz", + "Nowrooz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Persian) the new year holiday in Iran and Azerbaijan and Afghanistan and Pakistan and parts of India and among the Kurds; comes at the vernal equinox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time limit" + ], + "it": [ + "limite di tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period within which something must be done or completed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a time period after which suits cannot be brought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term" + ], + "it": [ + "sessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limited period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison term", + "sentence", + "time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term served in a maximum security prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life sentence", + "life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school term", + "academic term", + "academic session", + "session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time during which a school holds classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic session during the summer; usually for remedial or supplementary study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midterm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "middle of an academic term or a political term in office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semester" + ], + "it": [ + "semestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two divisions of an academic year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimester" + ], + "it": [ + "trimestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three divisions of an academic year" + ], + "it": [ + "uno dei periodi di tre mesi in cui viene può essere suddiviso l'anno scolastico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four periods into which the school year is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gestation", + "gestation period" + ], + "it": [ + "gestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term", + "full term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of gestation or point at which birth is imminent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midterm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the gestation period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimester" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of three months; especially one of the three three-month periods into which human pregnancy is divided" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di tre mesi durante la gravidanza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first trimester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time period extending from the first day of the last menstrual period through 12 weeks of gestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second trimester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time period extending from the 13th to the 27th week of gestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third trimester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time period extending from the 28th week of gestation until delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractory period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurology) the time after a neuron fires or a muscle fiber contracts during which a stimulus will not evoke a response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell", + "ship's bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour", + "hr", + "60 minutes" + ], + "it": [ + "ora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day" + ], + "it": [ + "ventiquattresima parte della giornata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-hour", + "30 minutes" + ], + "it": [ + "mezz'ora", + "mezzora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a half of an hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter-hour", + "15 minutes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarter of an hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour", + "time of day" + ], + "it": [ + "ora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clock time" + ], + "it": [ + "momento della giornata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "none" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canonical hour that is the ninth hour of the day counting from sunrise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special and memorable period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happy hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of day when a bar sells alcoholic drinks at a reduced price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush hour" + ], + "it": [ + "ora di punta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the times at the beginning and end of the working day when many people are traveling to or from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero hour" + ], + "it": [ + "ora zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time set for the start of an action or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canonical hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) one of seven specified times for prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matins", + "morning prayer" + ], + "it": [ + "mattutino", + "notturno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first canonical hour; at daybreak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime" + ], + "it": [ + "prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second canonical hour; about 6 a.m." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terce", + "tierce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third canonical hour; about 9 a.m." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sext" + ], + "it": [ + "sesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth of the seven canonical hours; about noon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth of the seven canonical hours; about 3 p.m." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vespers", + "evensong" + ], + "it": [ + "vespro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth of the seven canonical hours of the divine office; early evening; now often made a public service on Sundays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compline", + "complin" + ], + "it": [ + "compieta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last of the seven canonical hours just before retiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man hour", + "person hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time unit used in industry for measuring work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silly season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time usually late summer characterized by exaggerated news stories about frivolous matters for want of real news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the first and best age of the world, a time of ideal happiness, prosperity, and innocence; by extension, any flourishing and outstanding period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the second age of the world, characterized by opulence and irreligion; by extension, a period secondary in achievement to a golden age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronze age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the third age of the world, marked by war and violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronze Age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) a period between the Stone and Iron Ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of bronze tools and weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the last and worst age of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iron Age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) the period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of iron tools and weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone Age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) the earliest known period of human culture, characterized by the use of stone implements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eolithic Age", + "Eolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest part of the Stone Age marked by the earliest signs of human culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleolithic Age", + "Paleolithic", + "Palaeolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lower Paleolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest part of the Paleolithic Age with the emergence of the hand ax; ended about 120,000 years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle Paleolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period of Neanderthal man; ended about 35,000 years BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upper Paleolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period during which only modern Homo sapiens was known to have existed; ended about 10,000 years BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesolithic Age", + "Mesolithic", + "Epipaleolithic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "middle part of the Stone Age beginning about 15,000 years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neolithic Age", + "Neolithic", + "New Stone Age" + ], + "it": [ + "neolitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the Middle East (but later elsewhere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great year", + "Platonic year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time required for one complete cycle of the precession of the equinoxes, about 25,800 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the normal prescribed duration of a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtime", + "extra time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo supplementare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing time beyond regulation, to break a tie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extra innings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overtime play until one team is ahead at the end of an inning; e.g. baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtime period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of overtime play to resolve a tie; e.g. basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiebreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overtime play in order to break a tie; e.g. tennis and soccer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudden death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) overtime in which play is stopped as soon as one contestant scores; e.g. football and golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute", + "min" + ], + "it": [ + "minuto", + "minuto primo", + "primo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour" + ], + "it": [ + "unità di misura di tempo corrispondente alla sessantesima parte dell'ora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of time equal to 15 minutes or a quarter of an hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second", + "sec", + "s" + ], + "it": [ + "s", + "secondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second (as measured by an atomic clock) added to or subtracted from Greenwich Mean Time in order to compensate for slowing in the Earth's rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attosecond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one quintillionth (10^-18) of a second; one thousandth of a femtosecond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femtosecond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one quadrillionth (10^-15) of a second; one thousandth of a picosecond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picosecond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one trillionth (10^-12) of a second; one thousandth of a nanosecond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanosecond" + ], + "it": [ + "nanosecondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one billionth (10^-9) of a second; one thousandth of a microsecond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsecond" + ], + "it": [ + "microsecondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one millionth (10^-6) of a second; one thousandth of a millisecond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millisecond", + "msec" + ], + "it": [ + "millisecondo", + "ms.", + "msec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousandth (10^-3) of a second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "season", + "time of year" + ], + "it": [ + "stagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "autumn" + ], + "it": [ + "autunno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when the leaves fall from the trees" + ], + "it": [ + "stagione dell'anno compresa tra l'inverno e l'estate", + "la stagione in cui cadono le foglie dagli alberi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring", + "springtime" + ], + "it": [ + "primavera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season of growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer", + "summertime" + ], + "it": [ + "estate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox" + ], + "it": [ + "la stagione più calda dell'anno, tra la primavera e l'autunno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog days", + "canicule", + "canicular days" + ], + "it": [ + "canicola", + "solleone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hot period between early July and early September; a period of inactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter", + "wintertime" + ], + "it": [ + "inverno", + "verno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midwinter" + ], + "it": [ + "pieno inverno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growing season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season during which a crop grows best" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedtime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time during which seeds should be planted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time or season when sheep are sheared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holiday season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time when many people take holidays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high season", + "peak season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when travel is most active and rates are highest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off-season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when travel is least active and rates are lowest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainy season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two seasons in tropical climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monsoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two seasons in tropical climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "season" + ], + "it": [ + "stagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurrent time marked by major holidays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "season" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo", + "stagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field" + ], + "it": [ + "un periodo dell'anno caratterizzato da eventi od attività particolari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preseason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period prior to the beginning of the regular season which is devoted to training and preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preseason training during the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when baseball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple-crown season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a season of baseball during which a player wins the triple crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when basketball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibition season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time before the regular games begin when football or baseball teams play practice games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season during which it is legal to catch fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when football is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when hockey is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting season" + ], + "it": [ + "stagione della caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season during which it is legal to kill a particular species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season for major social events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theatrical season" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season when new plays are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Advent" + ], + "it": [ + "avvento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season including the four Sundays preceding Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Advent Sunday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of the four Sundays during Advent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shrovetide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immediately preceding Lent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mardi Gras", + "Shrove Tuesday", + "pancake day" + ], + "it": [ + "martedì grasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last day before Lent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lent", + "Lententide" + ], + "it": [ + "quaresima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentecost", + "Whitsunday" + ], + "it": [ + "Pasqua delle rose", + "Pasqua rosata", + "Pasquarosa", + "Pentecoste", + "pasqua rosa", + "pasquarosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seventh Sunday after Easter; commemorates the emanation of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles; a quarter day in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitmonday", + "Whitsun Monday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day after Whitsunday; a legal holiday in England and Wales and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whit-Tuesday", + "Whitsun Tuesday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day after Whitmonday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitsun", + "Whitsuntide", + "Whitweek" + ], + "it": [ + "settimana di Pentecoste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian holiday; the week beginning on Whitsunday (especially the first 3 days)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long time", + "age", + "years" + ], + "it": [ + "secolo", + "eternità", + "anno", + "molto tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged period of time" + ], + "it": [ + "un prolungato periodo di tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "month of Sundays" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time perceived as long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long run", + "long haul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time sufficient for factors to work themselves out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eon", + "aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immeasurably long period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eon", + "aeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest division of geological time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eternity", + "infinity" + ], + "it": [ + "eternità", + "eterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time without end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha and omega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first and last; signifies God's eternity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year dot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as long ago as anyone can remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drought", + "drouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged shortage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment", + "minute", + "second", + "instant" + ], + "it": [ + "istante", + "ora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular point in time" + ], + "it": [ + "un particolare punto nel tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eleventh hour", + "last minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latest possible moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment of truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crucial moment on which much depends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment of truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the moment in a bullfight when the matador kills the bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very brief moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "volta", + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suitable moment" + ], + "it": [ + "occasione opportuna per fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latest possible moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of a particular event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the occasions for eating food that occur by custom or habit at more or less fixed times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychological moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most appropriate time for achieving a desired effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "while", + "piece", + "spell", + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of indeterminate length (usually short) marked by some action or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold spell", + "cold snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spell of cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spell of hot weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment", + "mo", + "minute", + "second", + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "attimo", + "istante", + "minuto", + "momento", + "secondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinitely short time" + ], + "it": [ + "minima quantitá o frazione di tempo associata all'idea della breve durata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blink of an eye", + "flash", + "heartbeat", + "instant", + "jiffy", + "split second", + "trice", + "twinkling", + "wink", + "New York minute" + ], + "it": [ + "baleno", + "battibaleno", + "frazione di secondo", + "istante", + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephemera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something transitory; lasting a day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period", + "geological period" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks formed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "era", + "geological era" + ], + "it": [ + "era", + "era geologica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major division of geological time; an era is usually divided into two or more periods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "epoca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of geological time that is a subdivision of a period and is itself divided into ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "era", + "epoch" + ], + "it": [ + "epoca", + "era" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caliphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the era of Islam's ascendancy from the death of Mohammed until the 13th century; some Moslems still maintain that the Moslem world must always have a calif as head of the community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian era", + "Common era" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period beginning with the supposed year of Christ's birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an era of existence or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "year of grace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any year of the Christian era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Y2K" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the year 2000 in the Gregorian calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation" + ], + "it": [ + "età", + "generazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal time between successive generations" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo di tempo che intercorre tra due generazioni contigue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anniversary", + "day of remembrance" + ], + "it": [ + "anniversario", + "annuale", + "ricorrenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday" + ], + "it": [ + "compleanno", + "genetliaco", + "natalizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anniversary of the day on which a person was born (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jubilee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond jubilee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anniversary celebrating the passage of 60 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver jubilee" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "venticinquesimo anniversario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anniversary celebrating the passage of 25 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding anniversary" + ], + "it": [ + "anniversario di matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anniversary of the day on which you were married (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver wedding anniversary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 25th wedding anniversary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden wedding anniversary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 50th wedding anniversary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond wedding anniversary", + "diamond wedding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 60th wedding anniversary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semicentennial", + "semicentenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 50th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centennial", + "centenary" + ], + "it": [ + "centenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 100th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesquicentennial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 150th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicentennial", + "bicentenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 200th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tercentennial", + "tercentenary", + "triennial" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "terzo centenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 300th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quatercentennial", + "quatercentenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 400th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quincentennial", + "quincentenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 500th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millennium", + "millenary" + ], + "it": [ + "millenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1000th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimillennium", + "bimillenary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2000th anniversary (or the celebration of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday", + "natal day" + ], + "it": [ + "data di nascita", + "festa", + "natale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the date on which a person was born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time immemorial", + "time out of mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distant past beyond memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auld langsyne", + "langsyne", + "old times", + "good old days" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "past times remembered with nostalgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-and-by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite time in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distinct period in history or in a person's life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiquity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the historic period preceding the Middle Ages in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any period (sometimes imaginary) of great peace and prosperity and happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historic period", + "age" + ], + "it": [ + "età", + "epoca", + "era", + "periodo", + "anno", + "giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an era of history having some distinctive feature" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo contraddistinto da qualche particolare avvenimento", + "periodo storico", + "un momento nella storia di una cultura definibile nello spazio e nel tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prehistory", + "prehistoric culture" + ], + "it": [ + "preistoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time during the development of human culture before the appearance of the written word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern era" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present or recent times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period beginning in the last quarter of the 20th century when information became easily accessible through publications and through the manipulation of information by computers and computer networks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice age", + "glacial period", + "glacial epoch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any period of time during which glaciers covered a large part of the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jazz Age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1920s in the United States characterized in the novels of F. Scott Fitzgerald as a period of wealth, youthful exuberance, and carefree hedonism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chukker", + "chukka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(polo) one of six divisions into which a polo match is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inning", + "frame" + ], + "it": [ + "inning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) one of nine divisions of play during which each team has a turn at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "top of the inning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first half of an inning; while the visiting team is at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom", + "bottom of the inning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second half of an inning; while the home team is at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of play in tennis or squash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) a division of play during which one player serves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "bout", + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing period", + "period of play", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in games or plays or other performances) the time during which play proceeds" + ], + "it": [ + "durata di un gioco, una gara, una competizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first division into which the play of a game is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second division into which the play of a game is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final division into which the play of a game is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two divisions into which some games or performances are divided: the two divisions are separated by an interval" + ], + "it": [ + "ognuna delle porzioni di una gara sportiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first half" + ], + "it": [ + "primo tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of two halves of play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second half", + "last half" + ], + "it": [ + "ripresa", + "secondo tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of two halves of play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) one of three divisions into which play is divided in hockey games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football, professional basketball) one of four divisions into which some games are divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cricket) the division of play during which six balls are bowled at the batsman by one player from the other team from the same end of the pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden over", + "maiden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cricket) an over in which no runs are scored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baroque", + "Baroque era", + "Baroque period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the historic period from about 1600 until 1750 when the baroque style of art, architecture, and music flourished in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle Ages", + "Dark Ages" + ], + "it": [ + "Medioevo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Renaissance", + "Renascence" + ], + "it": [ + "Rinascimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian Renaissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the early period when Italy was the center of the Renaissance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Industrial Revolution", + "technological revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reign of Terror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reign of terror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any period of brutal suppression thought to resemble the Reign of Terror in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reign" + ], + "it": [ + "regno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period during which a monarch is sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reign" + ], + "it": [ + "regno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn of the century" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from about ten years before to ten years after a new century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harlem Renaissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the historic period (1933-1940) in the United States during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reconstruction", + "Reconstruction Period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period after the American Civil War when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; 1865-1877" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Restoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reign of Charles II in England; 1660-1685" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print run", + "press run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period that presses run to produce an issue of a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuous period of time during which something (a machine or a factory) operates or continues in operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run-time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the length of time it takes to execute a software program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run-time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which a (software or multimedia) program is run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print run of a newspaper during which some articles or advertisements are changed to produce a different edition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space age" + ], + "it": [ + "era spaziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the age beginning with the first space travel; from 1957 to the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "today" + ], + "it": [ + "oggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present time or age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present or immediately coming night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yesterday" + ], + "it": [ + "ieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recent past" + ], + "it": [ + "nel recente passato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millennium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) in Revelations it is foretold that those faithful to Jesus will reign with Jesus over the earth for a thousand years; the meaning of these words have been much debated; some denominations (e.g. Jehovah's Witnesses) expect it to be a thousand years of justice and peace and happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the near or foreseeable future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomorrow" + ], + "it": [ + "domani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the near future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite time in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common time", + "four-four time", + "quadruple time", + "common measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time signature indicating four beats to the bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duple time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical time with two beats in each bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical time with three beats in each bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempo", + "pacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the speed at which a composition is to be played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the correct rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradually increasing tempo of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quicker tempo than andante but not as fast as allegro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegro" + ], + "it": [ + "allegro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brisk and lively tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegro con spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lively with spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andante" + ], + "it": [ + "andante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderately slow tempo (a walking pace)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meno mosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "played at reduced speed; less rapid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beginning", + "commencement", + "first", + "outset", + "get-go", + "start", + "kickoff", + "starting time", + "showtime", + "offset" + ], + "it": [ + "avvio", + "inizio", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time at which something is supposed to begin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth", + "early days" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early period of development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminus a quo", + "starting point" + ], + "it": [ + "decorrenza", + "inizio", + "punto di partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earliest limiting point" + ], + "it": [ + "limite temporale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presidency", + "presidential term", + "administration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenure of a president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice-presidency", + "vice-presidential term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenure of a vice president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time between the beginning and the end of a temporal period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "ending" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusa", + "chiusura", + "finale", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point in time at which something ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central and most intense or profound part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopping point", + "finale", + "finis", + "finish", + "last", + "conclusion", + "close" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura", + "epilogo", + "finale", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal end; the concluding time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawn" + ], + "it": [ + "alba", + "albori", + "aurora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a later concluding time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(`cease' is a noun only in the phrase `without cease') end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fag end", + "tail", + "tail end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time of the last part of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last gasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of death or exhaustion or completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "termination", + "expiration", + "expiry" + ], + "it": [ + "scadenza", + "termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coming to an end of a contract period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminus ad quem", + "terminal point", + "limit" + ], + "it": [ + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final or latest limiting point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the starting point for a new state or experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the time it takes for a read/write head to move to a specific data track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track-to-track seek time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the time it takes for a read/write head to move to an adjacent data track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time interval", + "interval" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definite length of time marked off by two instants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the time required for the current or voltage in a circuit to rise or fall exponentially through approximately 63 per cent of its amplitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time slot", + "slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time assigned on a schedule or agenda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo", + "periodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo di tempo sotto il proprio controllo destinato allo solgersi di un'attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunitidal interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interval between the moon's transit of a particular meridian and the next high tide at that meridian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time interval during which something or somebody is away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pause", + "intermission", + "break", + "interruption", + "suspension" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione", + "intervallo", + "pausa", + "sosta", + "break", + "stacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a break or intermission in the occurrence of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension of radio or tv broadcasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caesura" + ], + "it": [ + "cesura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pause or interruption (as in a conversation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inadvertent interruption in a broadcast during which there is no sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delay", + "hold", + "time lag", + "postponement", + "wait" + ], + "it": [ + "attesa", + "ritardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time during which some action is awaited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension" + ], + "it": [ + "dilazione", + "proroga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halftime" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermission between the first and second half of a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intervening period or episode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entr'acte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interlude between two acts of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interim", + "meantime", + "meanwhile", + "lag" + ], + "it": [ + "interim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time between one event, process, or period and another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latent period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time that elapses before the presence of a disease is manifested by symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction time", + "response time", + "latency", + "latent period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time that elapses between a stimulus and the response to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eternity" + ], + "it": [ + "eternità", + "eterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seemingly endless time interval (waiting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interregnum" + ], + "it": [ + "interregno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time between two reigns, governments, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep", + "nap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time spent sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty sleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep before midnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respite", + "rest", + "relief", + "rest period" + ], + "it": [ + "riposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pause for relaxation" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione temporanea di un’attività, spec. faticosa o spiacevole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief suspension of play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letup", + "lull" + ], + "it": [ + "bonaccia", + "pausa", + "sosta", + "tregua", + "momento di calma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pause during which things are calm or activities are diminished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breath", + "breather", + "breathing place", + "breathing space", + "breathing spell", + "breathing time" + ], + "it": [ + "attimo di respiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short respite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lease", + "term of a contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time during which a contract conveying property to a person is in effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half life", + "half-life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance to disintegrate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxation time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time constant of an exponential return of a system to equilibrium after a disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moratorium" + ], + "it": [ + "moratoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legally authorized postponement before some obligation must be discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retardation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent to which something is delayed or held back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide", + "lunar time period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "there are usually two high and two low tides each day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceleration" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a rate of increase of velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centripetal acceleration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acceleration toward the center that holds a satellite in elliptical orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceleration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a rate of decrease in velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attrition rate", + "rate of attrition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of shrinkage in size or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthrate", + "birth rate", + "fertility", + "fertility rate", + "natality" + ], + "it": [ + "natalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bits per second", + "bps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the rate at which data is transferred (as by a modem)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crime rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of crimes in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which circuits or other devices operate when handling digital information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathrate", + "death rate", + "mortality", + "mortality rate", + "fatality rate" + ], + "it": [ + "mortalità", + "tasso di mortalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 per year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dose rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of radiation absorbed per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythrocyte sedimentation rate", + "ESR", + "sedimentation rate", + "sed rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which red blood cells settle out in a tube of blood under standardized conditions; a high rate usually indicates the presence of inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow", + "flow rate", + "rate of flow" + ], + "it": [ + "deflusso", + "flusso", + "portata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of fluid that flows in a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac output" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in a given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of flow of energy or particles across a given surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency", + "frequence", + "oftenness" + ], + "it": [ + "frequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of occurrences within a given time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigahertz", + "GHz", + "gigacycle per second", + "gigacycle", + "Gc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1,000,000,000 periods per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth rate", + "rate of growth" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso di crescita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of increase in size per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the growth rates in different parts of a growing organism are the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hertz", + "Hz", + "cycle per second", + "cycles/second", + "cps", + "cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "Hertz", + "Hz", + "ciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unit of frequency; one hertz has a periodic interval of one second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflation rate", + "rate of inflation" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso d'inflazione", + "tasso di inflazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of change of prices (as indicated by a price index) calculated on a monthly or annual basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mechanics) the rate of change of acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilohertz", + "kHz", + "kilocycle per second", + "kilocycle", + "kc" + ], + "it": [ + "chilociclo", + "chilohertz", + "kilociclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one thousand periods per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilometers per hour", + "kilometres per hour", + "kph", + "km/h" + ], + "it": [ + "chilometri all'ora", + "km/h", + "km / h" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the distance traveled (in kilometers) to the time spent traveling (in hours)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megahertz", + "MHz", + "megacycle per second", + "megacycle", + "Mc" + ], + "it": [ + "megaciclo", + "Mc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one million periods per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terahertz", + "THz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one trillion periods per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolic rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate of metabolism; the amount of energy expended in a give period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miles per hour", + "mph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the distance traveled (in miles) to the time spent traveling (in hours)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace", + "gait" + ], + "it": [ + "andatura", + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of moving (especially walking or running)" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo di marcia o di corsa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse", + "pulse rate", + "heart rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which the heart beats; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femoral pulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pulse of the femoral artery (felt in the groin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial pulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pulse of the radial artery (felt in the wrist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate of return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount returned per unit of time expressed as a percentage of the cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return on invested capital", + "return on investment", + "ROI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(corporate finance) the amount, expressed as a percentage, that is earned on a company's total capital calculated by dividing the total capital into earnings before interest, taxes, or dividends are paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory rate", + "rate of respiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which a person inhales and exhales; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutions per minute", + "rpm", + "rev" + ], + "it": [ + "regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate of revolution of a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampling rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) the frequency of sampling per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyquist rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) the lowest sampling rate that will permit accurate reconstruction of a sampled analog signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar constant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which radiant solar energy is received at the outer layer of the earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time between occurrences of a repeating event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed", + "velocity" + ], + "it": [ + "velocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance travelled per unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempo", + "pace" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of some repeating event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a normal marching pace of 120 steps per minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast marching pace (180 steps/min) or slow jog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airspeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speed of an aircraft relative to the air in which it is flying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape velocity" + ], + "it": [ + "velocità di fuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimum velocity needed to escape a gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundspeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speed of an aircraft relative to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypervelocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzle velocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the velocity of a projectile as it leaves the muzzle of a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peculiar velocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "velocity with respect to the local standard of rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial velocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "velocity along the line of sight toward or away from the observer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed of light", + "light speed", + "c" + ], + "it": [ + "c", + "ci", + "velocità della luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speed at which light travels in a vacuum; the constancy and universality of the speed of light is recognized by defining it to be exactly 299,792,458 meters per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steerageway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the minimum rate of motion needed for a vessel to be maneuvered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal velocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constant maximum velocity reached by a body falling through the atmosphere under the attraction of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miles per hour", + "mph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speedometer reading for the momentary rate of travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frequency with which a person is present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count per minute", + "counts/minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequency per minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampling frequency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) the frequency of sampling a continuously varying signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyquist frequency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) twice the maximum frequency occurring in the transmitted signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infant deathrate", + "infant mortality", + "infant mortality rate" + ], + "it": [ + "mortalità infantile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the death rate during the first year of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonatal mortality", + "neonatal mortality rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the death rate during the first 28 days of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "words per minute", + "wpm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which words are produced (as in speaking or typing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beats per minute", + "bpm", + "metronome marking", + "M.M." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pace of music measured by the number of beats occurring in 60 seconds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo", + "velocità", + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum data rate that can be attained over a given channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutron flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of flow of neutrons; the number of neutrons passing through a unit area in unit time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiant flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of flow of radiant energy (electromagnetic waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminous flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of flow of light energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) the phase in the development of an infection between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time the first symptoms appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle", + "rhythm", + "round" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menstrual cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurring cycle (beginning at menarche and ending at menopause) in which the endometrial lining of the uterus prepares for pregnancy; if pregnancy does not occur the lining is shed at menstruation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertile period", + "fertile phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time in the menstrual cycle when fertilization is most likely to be possible (7 days before to 7 days after ovulation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menstrual phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phase of the menstrual cycle during which the lining of the uterus is shed (the first day of menstrual flow is considered day 1 of the menstrual cycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual phase of heightened sexual excitement in the males of certain large mammals (especially elephants); is associated with discharge from a gland between the eye and ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretory phase", + "luteal phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second half of the menstrual cycle after ovulation; the corpus luteum secretes progesterone which prepares the endometrium for the implantation of an embryo; if fertilization does not occur then menstrual flow begins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time interval between the initiation and the completion of a production process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period" + ], + "it": [ + "periodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interval taken to complete one cycle of a regularly repeating phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbit period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time it takes to complete one full orbit around a celestial body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase", + "phase angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular point in the time of a cycle; measured from some arbitrary zero and expressed as an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase", + "stage" + ], + "it": [ + "fase", + "stadio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distinct time period in a sequence of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage of technological development or innovation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multistage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurring in more than one stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apogee", + "culmination" + ], + "it": [ + "apice", + "apogeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final climactic stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedtime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any time of new development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenure", + "term of office", + "incumbency" + ], + "it": [ + "mandato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the term during which some position is held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episcopate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the term of office of a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift", + "work shift", + "duty period" + ], + "it": [ + "turno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period during which you are at work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go", + "spell", + "tour", + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of work or duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time (4 or 2 hours) during which some of a ship's crew are on duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period during which someone (especially a guard) is on duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogwatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two short watches: from 4-6 pm or 6-8 pm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day shift" + ], + "it": [ + "turno di giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work shift during the day (as 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening shift", + "swing shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work shift during the evening (as 4 p.m. to midnight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night shift", + "graveyard shift" + ], + "it": [ + "turno di notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work shift during the night (as midnight to 8 a.m.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a working shift divided into two periods of time with several hours in between" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacetime" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo di pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time during which there is no war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wartime" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time during which there is armed conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graveyard watch", + "middle watch", + "midwatch", + "night watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch during the night (as from midnight to 8 a.m.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlistment", + "hitch", + "term of enlistment", + "tour of duty", + "duty tour", + "tour" + ], + "it": [ + "ferma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time spent in military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeymoon" + ], + "it": [ + "luna di miele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the early (usually calm and harmonious) period of a relationship; business or political" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indiction" + ], + "it": [ + "indizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 15-year cycle used as a chronological unit in ancient Rome and adopted in some medieval kingdoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "soldi in cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time interval between the deposit of a check in a bank and its payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Depression", + "Great Depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prohibition", + "prohibition era" + ], + "it": [ + "proibizionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubation period" + ], + "it": [ + "incubazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period between infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainy day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (future) time of financial need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novitiate", + "noviciate" + ], + "it": [ + "noviziato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period during which you are a novice (especially in a religious order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower", + "prime", + "peak", + "heyday", + "bloom", + "blossom", + "efflorescence", + "flush" + ], + "it": [ + "rigoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of greatest prosperity or productivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time period when some activity or skill was at its peak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "impero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the duration of a monarch's or government's power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from 1811-1820 when the Prince of Wales was regent during George III's periods of insanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of time that a movie or tv show runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point in time at which an entertainment (a movie or television show etc.) is scheduled to begin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe period" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that time during a woman's menstrual cycle during which conception is least likely to occur (usually immediately before of after menstruation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feast day and the seven days following it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "then" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that time; that moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiva", + "shivah", + "shibah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a period of seven days of mourning after the death of close relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epoch", + "date of reference" + ], + "it": [ + "epoca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) an arbitrarily fixed date that is the point in time relative to which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clotting time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time it takes for a sample of blood to clot; used to diagnose some clotting disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotational latency", + "latency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the time it takes for a specific block of data on a data track to rotate around to the read/write head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial period during which an offender has time to redeem himself or herself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial period during which your character and abilities are tested to see whether you are suitable for work or for membership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processing time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time it takes to complete a prescribed procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air alert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period during which military and civilian agencies are prepared for an enemy air attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command processing overhead time", + "command processing overhead", + "command overhead", + "overhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the processing time required by a device prior to the execution of a command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Schism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period from 1378 to 1417 during which there were two papacies in the Roman Catholic Church, one in Rome and one in Avignon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period during a parliamentary session when members of British Parliament may ask questions of the ministers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the time it takes for a process under computer control to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actual time that it takes a process to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time during which a regent governs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spell of cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of time during the school day that is set aside for study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transfiguration", + "Transfiguration Day", + "August 6" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) a church festival held in commemoration of the Transfiguration of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the period of time permitted by commercial usage for the payment of a bill of exchange (especially a foreign bill of exchange)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time period that is considered best for starting or finishing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i117659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "9/11", + "9-11", + "September 11", + "Sept. 11", + "Sep 11" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the day in 2001 when Arab suicide bombers hijacked United States airliners and used them as bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entity" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa", + "entità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is perceived or known or inferred to have its own distinct existence (living or nonliving)" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi oggetto concreto o astratto, reale o immaginario, materiale o immateriale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical entity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entity that has physical existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstraction", + "abstract entity" + ], + "it": [ + "astrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general concept formed by extracting common features from specific examples" + ], + "it": [ + "un concetto generale derivato estraendo caratteristiche comuni da esempi specifici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate and self-contained entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object", + "physical object" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "una entità fisica tangibile e visibile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole", + "unit" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme", + "tutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whole (a thing or person) of the same kind or category as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living thing", + "animate thing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a living (or once living) entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organism", + "being" + ], + "it": [ + "essere vivente", + "organismo", + "organismo vivente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently" + ], + "it": [ + "una entità vivente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benthos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organisms (plants and animals) that live at or near the bottom of a sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant or animal that is atypically small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterotroph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that depends on complex organic substances for nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living things collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discrete unit of living matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell" + ], + "it": [ + "cellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals" + ], + "it": [ + "la unità struturale e funzionale di base di tutti gli organismi;" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causal agent", + "cause", + "causal agency" + ], + "it": [ + "causa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "person", + "individual", + "someone", + "somebody", + "mortal", + "soul" + ], + "it": [ + "persona", + "individuo", + "essere umano", + "umano", + "mortale", + "anima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human being" + ], + "it": [ + "entità umana considerata in quanto tale, senza caratterizzazioni di sesso, età, provenienza, ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal", + "animate being", + "beast", + "brute", + "creature", + "fauna" + ], + "it": [ + "animale", + "bestia", + "creatura", + "bestiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a living organism characterized by voluntary movement" + ], + "it": [ + "un essere vivente capace capace di movimento volontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant", + "flora", + "plant life" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta", + "vegetale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion" + ], + "it": [ + "organismo appartenente al regno vegetale costituito da radici, fusto, foglie e talora fiori e frutti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indigenous plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural object" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto naturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object occurring naturally; not made by man" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto non costruito dall'uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter" + ], + "it": [ + "materia", + "sostanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which has mass and occupies space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food", + "nutrient" + ], + "it": [ + "cibo", + "sostanza nutritiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi sostanza che possa essere metabolizzata da un organismo per dare energia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutrient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound) that can be taken in by a green plant and used in organic synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artifact", + "artefact" + ], + "it": [ + "artefatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man-made object taken as a whole" + ], + "it": [ + "opera fatta dalla mano dell'uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo", + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a class of artifacts" + ], + "it": [ + "una particolare classe di manufatti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychological feature" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "aspetto della vita mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feature of the mental life of a living organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognition", + "knowledge", + "noesis" + ], + "it": [ + "cognizione", + "conoscenza", + "cultura", + "episteme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motivation", + "motive", + "need" + ], + "it": [ + "motivazione", + "motivo", + "ragione", + "bisogno", + "movente", + "necessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior" + ], + "it": [ + "la caratteristica psicologica che spinge un organismo ad agire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attribute" + ], + "it": [ + "attributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state" + ], + "it": [ + "stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way something is with respect to its main attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeling" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimento", + "sensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experiencing of affective and emotional states" + ], + "it": [ + "la caratteristica psicologica di provare stati affettivi ed emozionali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "location" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point or extent in space" + ], + "it": [ + "un punto o una estensione dello spazio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape", + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "forma", + "sagoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "data", + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past" + ], + "it": [ + "una fase nel flusso dell'esperienza nel quale gli eventi passano dal futuro al passato attraverso il presente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space", + "infinite" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unlimited expanse in which everything is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical space independent of what occupies it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an ideal space in which the coordinate dimensions represent the variables that are required to describe a system or substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "event" + ], + "it": [ + "evento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that happens at a given place and time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process", + "physical process" + ], + "it": [ + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "deed", + "human action", + "human activity" + ], + "it": [ + "atto", + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that people do or cause to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group", + "grouping" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo", + "novero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di più cose o persone riunite assieme in un unico complesso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relation" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione", + "rapporto", + "nesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possession" + ], + "it": [ + "possesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything owned or possessed" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa di cui è possibile detenere la proprietà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social relation" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relation between living organisms (especially between people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communication" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is communicated by or to or between people or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure", + "quantity", + "amount" + ], + "it": [ + "misura", + "misurazione", + "quantità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action" + ], + "it": [ + "quello che si fa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindness", + "benignity" + ], + "it": [ + "amorevolezza", + "attenzione", + "atto di cortesia", + "carità", + "cortesia", + "favore", + "gentilezza", + "premura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominoplasty", + "tummy tuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic surgery of the abdomen to remove wrinkles and tighten the skin over the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of terminating a project or procedure before it is completed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accomplishment", + "achievement" + ], + "it": [ + "affermazione", + "attuamento", + "attuazione", + "concretizzazione", + "conseguimento", + "implementation", + "raggiungimento", + "realizzazione", + "rendimento", + "risultato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of accomplishing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festivity in ancient Greece at which competitors contended for prizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of alienating; the action of causing to become unfriendly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of putting something into operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beachhead", + "foothold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an initial accomplishment that opens the way for further developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cakewalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easy accomplishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feat", + "effort", + "exploit" + ], + "it": [ + "exploit", + "impresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notable achievement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masterpiece" + ], + "it": [ + "capolavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding achievement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masterstroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an achievement demonstrating great skill or mastery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in the phrase `to your credit' in order to indicate an achievement deserving praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto", + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something done (usually as opposed to something said)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "res gestae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "things done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course", + "course of action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mode of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind alley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) a course of action that is unproductive and offers no hope of improvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collision course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of action (following a given idea) that will lead to conflict if it continues unabated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interaction" + ], + "it": [ + "interazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual or reciprocal action; interacting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interplay" + ], + "it": [ + "interazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal action and reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact" + ], + "it": [ + "contatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact with something dangerous or undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact that occurs when two people look directly at each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of fetching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact established between applicants and prospective employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interchange", + "reciprocation", + "give-and-take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual interaction; the activity of reciprocating or exchanging (especially information)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual exchange of commercial or other privileges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-fertilization", + "cross-fertilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interchange between different cultures or different ways of thinking that is mutually productive and beneficial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealings", + "traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social or verbal interchange (usually followed by `with')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of taking part in a game or sport or other recreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "swordplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act using a sword (or other weapon) vigorously and skillfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boondoggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work of little or no value done merely to look busy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the playing of a game of tenpins or duckpins etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquiring", + "getting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of acquiring something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causing", + "causation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing something to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delivery", + "obstetrical delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delivering a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departure", + "going", + "going away", + "leaving" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartita", + "partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of departing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derring-do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brave and heroic feats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discovery", + "find", + "uncovering" + ], + "it": [ + "rinvenimento", + "ritrovamento", + "scoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discovering something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposal", + "disposition" + ], + "it": [ + "eliminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or means of getting rid of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ], + "it": [ + "centro", + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a successful stroke in an athletic contest (especially in baseball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implementation", + "effectuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of implementing (providing a practical means for accomplishing something); carrying into effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egress", + "egression", + "emergence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coming (or going) out; becoming apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equalization", + "equalisation", + "leveling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making equal or uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhumation", + "disinterment", + "digging up" + ], + "it": [ + "disseppellimento", + "dissotterramento", + "esumazione", + "riesumazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of digging something out of the ground (especially a corpse) where it has been buried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitzvah", + "mitsvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a good deed performed out of religious duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propulsion", + "actuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of propelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally", + "rallying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recovery", + "retrieval" + ], + "it": [ + "riacquisto", + "ricupero", + "rinvenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of leaving (without permission) the place you are expected to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult or unusual or dangerous feat; usually done to gain attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "touching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting two things together with no space between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tour de force" + ], + "it": [ + "sfacchinata", + "tour de force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a masterly or brilliant feat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any recognized accomplishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overachievement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "better than expected performance (better than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underachievement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poorer than expected performance (poorer than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record", + "track record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of recognized accomplishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fait accompli", + "accomplished fact" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto compiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irreversible accomplishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "going", + "sledding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advancing toward a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrival", + "reaching" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accomplishment of an objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrival" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arriving at a certain place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attainment" + ], + "it": [ + "conseguimento", + "raggiungimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrival at a new stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advent", + "coming" + ], + "it": [ + "avvento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance", + "entering", + "entry", + "ingress", + "incoming" + ], + "it": [ + "entrata", + "ingresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incursion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrusion" + ], + "it": [ + "intrusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entrance by force or without permission or welcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irruption" + ], + "it": [ + "irruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden violent entrance; a bursting in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registration", + "enrollment", + "enrolment" + ], + "it": [ + "immatricolazione", + "intestazione", + "iscrizione", + "matricolazione", + "registrazione", + "tesseramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enrolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance" + ], + "it": [ + "apparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of appearing in public view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of appearing or becoming visible unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergence", + "emersion" + ], + "it": [ + "emersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of emerging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reappearance", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "riapparizione", + "ricomparsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of someone appearing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comeback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return by a celebrity to some previously successful activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return", + "homecoming" + ], + "it": [ + "ritorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coming to or returning home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repatriation" + ], + "it": [ + "repatriazione", + "rimpatrio", + "ripatrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of returning to the country of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration" + ], + "it": [ + "penetrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entering into or through something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpenetration", + "permeation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual penetration; diffusion of each through the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market penetration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent to which a product is recognized and bought by customers in a particular market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of anchoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docking", + "moorage", + "dockage", + "tying up" + ], + "it": [ + "amarraggio", + "ammarraggio", + "attraccaggio", + "attracco", + "ormeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of securing an arriving vessel with ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coming to land after a voyage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaraggio", + "ammaramento", + "atterraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coming down to the earth (or other surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forced landing", + "emergency landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unscheduled airplane landing that is made under circumstances (engine failure or adverse weather) not under the pilot's control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaking away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "departing hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farewell", + "leave", + "leave-taking", + "parting" + ], + "it": [ + "addio", + "commiato", + "distacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of departing politely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt and unannounced departure (without saying farewell)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valediction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of saying farewell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappearance", + "disappearing" + ], + "it": [ + "scomparsa", + "sparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of leaving secretly or without explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden disappearance from sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withdrawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effacement", + "self-effacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdrawing into the background; making yourself inconspicuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withdrawing or going backward (especially to escape something hazardous or unpleasant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retirement", + "retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuation" + ], + "it": [ + "evacuamento", + "sfollamento", + "sgombero", + "evacuazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion; especially for protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical evacuation", + "medevac", + "medivac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evacuation of persons (usually by air transportation) to a place where they can receive medical care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decampment" + ], + "it": [ + "decampamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desertion", + "abandonment", + "defection" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono", + "defezione", + "diserzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscondment", + "decampment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of running away secretly (as to avoid arrest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absence without leave", + "unauthorized absence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unauthorized military absence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviationism" + ], + "it": [ + "deviazionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ideological defection from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emigration", + "out-migration", + "expatriation" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigration", + "in-migration" + ], + "it": [ + "immigrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferimento di persone in un paese diverso da quello di origine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliyah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) immigration of Jews to Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) the act of pulling back (especially an orderly withdrawal of troops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ], + "it": [ + "ritirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standdown", + "stand-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a temporary stop of offensive military action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disengagement", + "fallback", + "pullout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to break off a military action with an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receding", + "recession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming more distant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the departure of a vessel from a port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibious landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military action of coordinated land, sea, and air forces organized for an invasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debarkation", + "disembarkation", + "disembarkment" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of passengers and crew getting off of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "going ashore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "debarkation from a boat or ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarding", + "embarkation", + "embarkment" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of going out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elopement" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga romantica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of running away with a lover (usually to get married)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape", + "flight" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of escaping physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of physically escaping from something (an opponent or a pursuer or an unpleasant situation) by some adroit maneuver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "elusion", + "eluding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of avoiding capture (especially by cunning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre", + "evasive action" + ], + "it": [ + "manovra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action aimed at evading an opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ], + "it": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(boxing) the act of one boxer holding onto the other to avoid being hit and to rest momentarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick evasive movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "breakout", + "jailbreak", + "gaolbreak", + "prisonbreak", + "prison-breaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an escape from jail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "getaway", + "lam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid escape (as by criminals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exodus", + "hegira", + "hejira" + ], + "it": [ + "esodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey by a large group to escape from a hostile environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hegira", + "Hejira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era; the Muslim calendar begins in that year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skedaddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hasty flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Underground Railroad", + "Underground Railway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secret aid to escaping slaves that was provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close call", + "close shave", + "squeak", + "squeaker", + "narrow escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something achieved (or escaped) by a narrow margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfacing" + ], + "it": [ + "affioramento", + "emersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emerging to the surface and becoming apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "despatch", + "shipment" + ], + "it": [ + "spedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sending off something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shipping again (especially by transferring to another ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consummation" + ], + "it": [ + "consumazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing to completion or fruition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consummation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the completion of marriage by sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation", + "fruition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is made real or concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orgasm", + "climax", + "sexual climax", + "coming" + ], + "it": [ + "orgasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the moment of most intense pleasure in sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male orgasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orgasm accompanied by the sensation of ejaculation of semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulfillment", + "fulfilment" + ], + "it": [ + "adempimento", + "assolvimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consummating something (a desire or promise etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-fulfillment", + "self-realization", + "self-realisation" + ], + "it": [ + "autoaffermazione", + "autorealizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fulfillment of your capacities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attainment" + ], + "it": [ + "conquista", + "conseguimento", + "raggiungimento", + "realizzazione", + "successo", + "risultato ottenuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of achieving an aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fastest time ever recorded for a specific distance at a particular racetrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best record in the whole world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "success" + ], + "it": [ + "successo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attainment that is successful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeeding with great difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockbuster", + "megahit", + "smash hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusually successful hit with widespread popularity and huge sales (especially a movie or play or recording or novel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "smash", + "smasher", + "strike", + "bang" + ], + "it": [ + "successo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell ringer", + "bull's eye", + "mark", + "home run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that exactly succeeds in achieving its goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ennoblement" + ], + "it": [ + "nobilitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of raising someone to the nobility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "success in mastering something difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coup" + ], + "it": [ + "bel colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brilliant and notable success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying colors", + "flying colours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing", + "pass", + "qualifying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "success in satisfying a test or requirement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit", + "course credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognition by a college or university that a course of studies has been successfully completed; typically measured in semester hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semester hour", + "credit hour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of academic credit; one hour a week for an academic semester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonaccomplishment", + "nonachievement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that does not achieve its intended goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected omission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure" + ], + "it": [ + "fallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that fails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failing", + "flunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to reach a minimum required performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naught" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexcused absence from class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "default" + ], + "it": [ + "forfait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss due to not showing up" + ], + "it": [ + "ritiro da una competizione prima che essa abbia inizio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of losing someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulation", + "fall", + "surrender" + ], + "it": [ + "capitolazione", + "resa", + "caduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of surrendering (usually under agreed conditions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frustration", + "thwarting", + "foiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overturn", + "upset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improbable and unexpected victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backsliding", + "lapse", + "lapsing", + "relapse", + "relapsing", + "reversion", + "reverting" + ], + "it": [ + "recidiva", + "ricaduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to maintain a higher state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recidivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual relapse into crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappointment", + "dashing hopes" + ], + "it": [ + "disinganno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act (or failure to act) that disappoints someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach" + ], + "it": [ + "inadempimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to perform some promised act or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to face some difficulty squarely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of contract" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "inadempienza di contratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach of a legal duty; failure to do something that is required in a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipatory breach", + "constructive breach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach of contract committed prior to the time of required performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach of due care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of the covenant of warranty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure of the seller's guarantee of good title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of promise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to keep a promise (of marriage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of trust" + ], + "it": [ + "abuso di fiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violation (either through fraud or negligence) by a trustee of a duty that equity requires of him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of trust with fraudulent intent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larceny after trust rather than after unlawful taking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach of warranty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach that occurs when an item is deficient according to the terms of a warranty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deviating from a vertical position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material breach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach serious enough to destroy the value of the contract and to give a basis for an action for breach of contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motivation", + "motivating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of motivating; providing incentive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial breach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breach that does not destroy the value of the contract but can give rise to a claim for damages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistake", + "error", + "fault" + ], + "it": [ + "errore", + "fallo", + "mancanza", + "marrone", + "sbaglio", + "sgarro", + "colpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) two successive faults in serving resulting in the loss of the point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footfault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fault that occurs when the server in tennis fails to keep both feet behind the baseline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the momentary juggling of a batted or thrown baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error", + "misplay" + ], + "it": [ + "fallo", + "errore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a failure of a defensive player to make an out when normal play would have sufficed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blot", + "smear", + "smirch", + "spot", + "stain" + ], + "it": [ + "macchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that brings discredit to the person who does it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confusion", + "mix-up" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incursion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mistake of incurring liability or blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscalculation", + "misreckoning", + "misestimation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "errore di calcolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistake in calculating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire", + "boomerang" + ], + "it": [ + "boomerang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miscalculation that recoils on its maker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rounding", + "rounding error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncation error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from cutting off a numerical calculation before it is finished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mistake of misrepresenting the facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "slip-up", + "miscue", + "parapraxis" + ], + "it": [ + "disattenzione", + "scorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor inadvertent mistake usually observed in speech or writing or in small accidents or memory lapses etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freudian slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slip-up that (according to Sigmund Freud) results from the operation of unconscious wishes or conflicts and can reveal unconscious processes in normal healthy individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sport) the mistake of occupying an illegal position on the playing field (in football, soccer, ice hockey, field hockey, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversight", + "lapse" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticanza", + "disattenzione", + "disavvertenza", + "inavvedutezza", + "lapsus", + "malestro", + "sbadataggine", + "scapataggine", + "scorso", + "smemorataggine", + "spensierataggine", + "storditaggine", + "sventataggine", + "sventatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistake resulting from inattention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omission", + "skip" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticanza", + "omissione", + "pretermissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistake resulting from neglect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunder", + "blooper", + "bloomer", + "bungle", + "pratfall", + "foul-up", + "fuckup", + "flub", + "botch", + "boner", + "boo-boo" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaglio", + "abbarbagliamento", + "biscanto", + "cantonata", + "cerpellone", + "dirizzone", + "figuraccia", + "goffaggine", + "granchio", + "miraggio", + "scerpellone", + "sfarfallone", + "sfondone", + "strafalcione", + "svarione", + "svista", + "travisamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embarrassing mistake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snafu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acronym often used by soldiers in World War II: situation normal all fucked up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunder that makes you look ridiculous; used in the phrase `make a spectacle of' yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballup", + "balls-up", + "cockup", + "mess-up" + ], + "it": [ + "casino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something badly botched or muddled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious and ludicrous blunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumble", + "muff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) dropping the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunder (especially an actor's forgetting the lines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faux pas", + "gaffe", + "solecism", + "slip", + "gaucherie" + ], + "it": [ + "gaffe", + "scorso", + "topica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a socially awkward or tactless act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glaring blunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous mistake whose effects seem to reverberate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip", + "trip-up", + "stumble", + "misstep" + ], + "it": [ + "passo falso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unintentional but embarrassing blunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "tumble", + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "capitombolo", + "cascata", + "grifata", + "rotolone", + "ruzzolata", + "ruzzolone", + "scivolone", + "tombola", + "volo", + "caduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden drop from an upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pratfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fall onto your buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wipeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spill in some sport (as a fall from a bicycle or while skiing or being capsized on a surfboard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquisition" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisizione", + "acquisto", + "ottenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtainment", + "obtention" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of obtaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catching", + "contracting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming infected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquiring or coming into something (usually undesirable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneymaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making money (and accumulating wealth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annexation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork-barreling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquisition of government money for benefits to a specific locale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchase" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisto", + "compera", + "compra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acquisition of something for payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redemption", + "repurchase", + "buyback" + ], + "it": [ + "recupero", + "riacquisto", + "ricompera", + "ricompra", + "ricupero", + "riottenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of purchasing back something previously sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buying or selling securities or commodities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond trading", + "bond-trading activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trading in bonds (usually by a broker on the floor of an exchange)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program trading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trading technique involving large blocks of stock with trades triggered by computer programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short sale", + "short selling" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita allo scoperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sale of securities or commodity futures not owned by the seller (who hopes to buy them back later at a lower price)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purchase of securities or commodities by a short seller to close out a short sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insider trading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buying or selling corporate stock by a corporate officer or other insider on the basis of information that has not been made public and is supposed to remain confidential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naked option" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a premio allo scoperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a put or call option for which the seller or buyer has no underlying security position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covered option" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a premio coperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a put or call option backed by the shares underlying the option" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call option", + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a premio di cui", + "contratto a premio dont", + "contratto a premio semplice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the option to buy a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put option", + "put" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a premio del venditore", + "contratto a premio pour livrer", + "contratto a premio put" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the option to sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a doppia facoltà", + "contratto a doppio premio", + "contratto a premio composto", + "stellaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the option to buy or sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date; consists of an equal number of put and call options" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incentive option", + "incentive stock option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an option granted to corporate executives if the company achieves certain financial goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buying", + "purchasing" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping" + ], + "it": [ + "shopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "searching for or buying goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marketing" + ], + "it": [ + "spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shopping at a market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail-order buying", + "catalog buying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buying goods to be shipped through the mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viatication", + "viaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purchasing insurance policies for cash from terminally ill policy holders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking something that is offered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succession", + "taking over" + ], + "it": [ + "subentro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquisition of property by descent or by will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assumption", + "laying claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking possession of or power over something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming or taking for granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of positing; an assumption taken as a postulate or axiom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inheritance", + "heritage" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità", + "retaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary succession to a title or an office or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procurement", + "procurance", + "procural" + ], + "it": [ + "rifornimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of getting possession of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriation" + ], + "it": [ + "appropriazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrowing", + "adoption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalization", + "naturalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing the pronunciation of a borrowed word to agree with the borrowers' phonology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misappropriation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrongful borrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemption", + "pre-emption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prior appropriation of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taking possession of something by legal process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usurpation" + ], + "it": [ + "usurpamento", + "usurpazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrongfully seizing and holding (an office or powers) by force (especially the seizure of a throne or supreme authority)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confiscation", + "arrogation" + ], + "it": [ + "confisca", + "ritiro", + "sequestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seizure by the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress", + "distraint" + ], + "it": [ + "pignoramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seizure and holding of property as security for payment of a debt or satisfaction of a claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expropriation" + ], + "it": [ + "espropriazione", + "esproprio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking out of an owner's hands (especially taking property by public authority)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impoundment", + "impounding", + "internment", + "poundage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "placing private property in the custody of an officer of the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug bust", + "drugs bust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seizure of illegal drugs by the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impress", + "impressment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coercing someone into government service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation", + "occupancy", + "moving in" + ], + "it": [ + "occupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of occupying or taking possession of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preoccupancy", + "preoccupation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking occupancy before someone else does" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequestration", + "requisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant", + "subsidization", + "subsidisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing a subsidy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "award", + "awarding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant made by a law court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman law) a formal award by a magistrate of a thing or person to another person (as the award of a debtor to his creditor); a surrender to a master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant of federal money to state and local governments to support social welfare programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant-in-aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grant from a central government to a local government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture", + "gaining control", + "seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprehension", + "arrest", + "catch", + "collar", + "pinch", + "taking into custody" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto", + "fermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal)" + ], + "it": [ + "cattura di qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conquest", + "conquering", + "subjection", + "subjugation" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiogamento", + "assoggettamento", + "conquista", + "soggiogamento", + "sottomissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conquering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enslavement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making slaves of your captives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restitution", + "return", + "restoration", + "regaining" + ], + "it": [ + "resa", + "restituzione", + "riconsegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "getting something back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clawback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finding a way to take money back from people that they were given in another way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repossession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of regaining possession (especially the seizure of collateral securing a loan that is in default)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreclosure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal proceedings initiated by a creditor to repossess the collateral for loan that is in default" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception", + "receipt" + ], + "it": [ + "accettazione", + "recezione", + "ricezione", + "ricevimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of receiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of disposing of property by virtue of the power of appointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of carefully weeding out unwanted things or people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disposing of property by voluntary transfer without receiving value in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandonment" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the voluntary surrender of property (or a right to property) without attempting to reclaim it or give it away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discard", + "throwing away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "getting rid something that is regarded as useless or undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "getting rid of a stage of a multistage rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cards) the act of throwing out a useless card or of failing to follow suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine disposal" + ], + "it": [ + "disinnesco di mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disposal of explosive mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minesweeping" + ], + "it": [ + "dragaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of detecting and disposing of marine mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewage disposal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disposal of sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait and switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deceptive way of selling that involves advertising a product at a very low price in order to attract customers who are then persuaded to switch to a more expensive product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private treaty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of property at a price agreed on by the seller and buyer without an intervening agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auction", + "auction sale", + "vendue" + ], + "it": [ + "asta", + "incanto", + "vendita all'asta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the public sale of something to the highest bidder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootlegging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making or transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootlegging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of selling illegally or without permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalization", + "capitalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "capitalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sale of capital stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcapitalization", + "overcapitalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "sovracapitalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(business) too much capitalization (the sale of more stock than the business warrants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclamation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recovery of useful substances from waste products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue", + "deliverance", + "delivery", + "saving" + ], + "it": [ + "soccorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recovery or preservation from loss or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifesaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saving the lives of drowning persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redemption", + "salvation" + ], + "it": [ + "redenzione", + "salvazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolution", + "remission", + "remittal", + "remission of sin" + ], + "it": [ + "assoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of absolving or remitting; formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulgence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion", + "rebirth", + "spiritual rebirth" + ], + "it": [ + "conversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proselytism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a proselyte; spiritual rebirth resulting from the zeal of crusading advocacy of the gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expiation", + "atonement", + "propitiation" + ], + "it": [ + "espiazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing (especially appeasing a deity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reparation", + "amends" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something done or paid in expiation of a wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberation", + "release", + "freeing" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancamento", + "emancipazione", + "liberazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of liberating someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jail delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of force to liberate prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclamation", + "reformation" + ], + "it": [ + "contrizione", + "correzione", + "ravvedimento", + "risanamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvation" + ], + "it": [ + "salvezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saving someone or something from harm or from an unpleasant situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search and rescue mission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rescue mission to search for survivors and to rescue them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ransom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of freeing from captivity or punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture", + "retaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking something back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal seizure by the government of profits beyond a fixed amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invocation" + ], + "it": [ + "invocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of appealing for help" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing or using the instruments needed for some implementation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performance", + "execution", + "carrying out", + "carrying into action" + ], + "it": [ + "effettuazione", + "eseguimento", + "esplicazione", + "esecuzione", + "realizzazione", + "performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it" + ], + "it": [ + "messa in atto, concretizzazione, attuazione di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specific performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of a legal contract as specified by its terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a speaker's actual use of language in real situations; what the speaker actually says, including grammatical errors and other non-linguistic features such as hesitations and other disfluencies (contrasted with linguistic competence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanism", + "mechanics" + ], + "it": [ + "congegno", + "meccanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the technical aspects of doing something" + ], + "it": [ + "gli aspetti tecnici del fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of duties by a waiter or servant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "service provided to customers who remain in their vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-service" + ], + "it": [ + "self-service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of serving yourself (as in a grocery or cafeteria)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valet parking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service provided (at a club or restaurant or airport etc.) whereby a patron leaves a car at the entrance and an attendant parks and retrieves it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatic production", + "dramatic performance" + ], + "it": [ + "recita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of performing a drama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encore" + ], + "it": [ + "bis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extra or repeated performance; usually given in response to audience demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extemporization", + "extemporisation", + "improvisation" + ], + "it": [ + "improvvisazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance given extempore without planning or preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle", + "juggling" + ], + "it": [ + "giochi di destrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throwing and catching several objects simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic trick", + "conjuring trick", + "trick", + "magic", + "legerdemain", + "conjuration", + "thaumaturgy", + "illusion", + "deception" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco di prestigio", + "trucco magico", + "magia", + "trucco illusionistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illusory feat; considered magical by naive observers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical performance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of performing music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-night stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance in one place on one night only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendition", + "rendering", + "interpretation" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinterpretation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new or different interpretation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of playing a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowing" + ], + "it": [ + "arcata", + "archeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "managing the bow in playing a stringed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiccato", + "spiccato bowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowing in such a way that the bow bounces lightly off the strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing a pipe or the bagpipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kind of playing that involves pressing the fingers on the strings of a stringed instrument to control the pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double stopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stopping two strings and producing two notes at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) playing in a different key from the key intended; moving the pitch of a piece of music upwards or downwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impromptu jazz concert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automation", + "mechanization", + "mechanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "automaticizzazione", + "automatizzazione", + "automazione", + "meccanizzazione", + "robotizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of implementing the control of equipment with advanced technology; usually involving electronic hardware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computerization", + "cybernation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the control of processes by computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorization", + "motorisation" + ], + "it": [ + "motorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of motorizing (equiping with motors or with motor vehicles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launching", + "launch" + ], + "it": [ + "getto", + "lancio", + "tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of propelling with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launching" + ], + "it": [ + "varo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving a newly built vessel into the water for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket firing", + "rocket launching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the launching of a rocket or missile under its own power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastoff", + "shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the launching of a missile or spacecraft to a specified destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the launching of a spacecraft to the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "thrust", + "driving force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying force to propel something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(colloquial) the application of maximum thrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impulse", + "impulsion", + "impetus" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso", + "spinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying force suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rolling something (as the ball in bowling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "gettata", + "getto", + "lancio", + "tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of throwing (propelling something with a rapid movement of the arm and wrist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cricket) the act of delivering a cricket ball to the batsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of flinging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "heaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throwing something heavy (with great effort)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurl", + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent throw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(horseshoes) the throw of a horseshoe so as to lean against (but not encircle) the stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "toss", + "flip" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio", + "allungo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the act of throwing the ball to another member of your team" + ], + "it": [ + "nei giochi di squadra, il passare la palla ad un compagno di squadra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action or manner of throwing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick throw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slinging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throwing with a wide motion (as if with a sling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw-in" + ], + "it": [ + "rimessa", + "rimessa in gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rugby) an act or instance of throwing a ball in to put it into play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal pitching motion while runners are on base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch that is not in the strike zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beanball", + "beaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball deliberately thrown at the batter's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change-up", + "change-of-pace", + "change-of-pace ball", + "off-speed pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball thrown with little velocity when the batter is expecting a fastball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curve", + "curve ball", + "breaking ball", + "bender" + ], + "it": [ + "palla curva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch thrown deliberately close to the batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastball", + "heater", + "smoke", + "hummer", + "bullet" + ], + "it": [ + "palla veloce", + "fastball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a pitch thrown with maximum velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knuckleball", + "knuckler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball pitch thrown with little speed or spin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhand pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball pitch in which the hand moves above the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passed ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch that the catcher should have caught but did not; allows a base runner to advance a base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch with reverse spin that curves toward the side of the plate from which it was thrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch that curves downward rapidly as it approaches the plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastball that curves slightly away from the side from which it was thrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitball", + "spitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal pitch in which a foreign substance (spit or Vaseline) is applied to the ball by the pitcher before he throws it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine ball", + "submarine pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch thrown sidearm instead of overhead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an errant pitch that the catcher cannot be expected to catch and that allows a base runner to advance a base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throwing the basketball toward the hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot that bounces off of the backboard before passing through the hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunk", + "dunk shot", + "stuff shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot in which the basketball is propelled downward into the basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam dunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forceful dunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger-roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot that rolls off the tips of the fingers into the basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul shot", + "free throw", + "penalty free throw", + "charity toss", + "charity throw", + "charity shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unhindered basketball shot from the foul line; given to penalize the other team for committing a foul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-and-one" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foul shot that must be made in order to earn the right to a second foul shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook shot", + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot made over the head with the hand that is farther from the basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper", + "jump shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) a player releases the basketball at the high point of a jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay-up", + "layup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot made with one hand from a position under or beside the basket (and usually banked off the backboard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-handed basketball shot made while whirling on the pivot foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-handed basketball shot from a stationary position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot made with an underhand scooping motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball shot made by tapping the rebounding ball back into the basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push", + "pushing" + ], + "it": [ + "spinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying force in order to move something away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pushing down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click", + "mouse click" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depression of a button on a computer mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudge", + "jog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight push or shake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "pressure", + "pressing" + ], + "it": [ + "pressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pressing one thing on or into the surface of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shove" + ], + "it": [ + "spinta", + "spintone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shoving (giving a push to someone or something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shoving hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jostle", + "jostling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of jostling (forcing your way by pushing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jostling with the elbows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "pulling" + ], + "it": [ + "traino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dragging (pulling with force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "haul", + "haulage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drawing or hauling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tow", + "towage" + ], + "it": [ + "rimorchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hauling something (as a vehicle) by means of a hitch or rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug", + "jerk" + ], + "it": [ + "stratta", + "strattonata", + "strattone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden abrupt pull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draught", + "drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extirpation", + "excision", + "deracination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pulling up or out; uprooting; cutting off from existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pulling and releasing a taut cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(orthopedics) the act of pulling on a bone or limb (as in a fracture) to relieve pressure or align parts in a special way during healing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift", + "raise", + "heave" + ], + "it": [ + "elevazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of raising something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expulsion", + "projection", + "ejection", + "forcing out" + ], + "it": [ + "eiezione", + "espulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defenestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of throwing someone or something out of a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex changes in the eyes that enable an object to be focused on the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babinski", + "Babinski reflex", + "Babinski sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extension upward of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front; normal in infants under the age of two years but a sign of brain or spinal cord injury in older persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belch", + "belching", + "burp", + "burping", + "eructation" + ], + "it": [ + "eruttamento", + "eruttazione", + "flato", + "rutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex that expels gas noisily from the stomach through the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forceful expulsion of something from inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blink", + "eye blink", + "blinking", + "wink", + "winking", + "nictitation", + "nictation" + ], + "it": [ + "battito di ciglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blush", + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden reddening of the face (as from embarrassment or guilt or shame or modesty)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coughing up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expelling (food or phlegm) by coughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit", + "spitting", + "expectoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spitting (forcefully expelling saliva)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomit", + "vomiting", + "emesis", + "regurgitation", + "disgorgement", + "puking" + ], + "it": [ + "rigurgito", + "vomito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regurgitation of small amounts of food; seen in some infants after feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematemesis", + "haematemesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vomiting blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperemesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe and excessive vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperemesis gravidarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyperemesis during pregnancy; if severe it can result in damage to the brain and liver and kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "jumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of jumping; propelling yourself off the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headlong jump (or fall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ], + "it": [ + "saltello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hopping; jumping upward or forward (especially on one foot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap", + "leaping", + "spring", + "saltation", + "bound", + "bounce" + ], + "it": [ + "balzo", + "guizzo", + "slancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault", + "hurdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of jumping over an obstacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping up and down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumping in one spot (as in excitement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lob" + ], + "it": [ + "pallonetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of propelling something (as a ball or shell etc.) in a high arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centering", + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sending" + ], + "it": [ + "invio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing something to go (especially messages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission", + "transmittal", + "transmitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forwarding" + ], + "it": [ + "spedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sending on to another destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of referring (as forwarding an applicant for employment or referring a matter to an appropriate agency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remission", + "remitment", + "remit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of remitting (especially the referral of a law case to another court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailing", + "posting" + ], + "it": [ + "invio", + "spedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transmission of a letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeling", + "rolling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propelling something on wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of firing a projectile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shooting at targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countershot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return shot; a retaliatory shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "firing", + "firing off" + ], + "it": [ + "sparo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discharging a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discharge of a firearm as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preparation for the delivery of shellfire on a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunfire", + "gunshot" + ], + "it": [ + "schioppettata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shooting a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfilade", + "enfilade fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gunfire directed along the length rather than the breadth of a formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gunshot from a concealed location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shot aimed at a person's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeet", + "skeet shooting", + "trapshooting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled upward in such a way as to simulate the flight of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shooting artillery shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunfight", + "gunplay", + "shootout" + ], + "it": [ + "scontro a fuoco", + "sparatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fight involving shooting small arms with the intent to kill or frighten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shot taken at an easy or casual target (as by a pothunter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "physical contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of touching physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub", + "wipe" + ], + "it": [ + "fregata", + "sfregamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rubbing or wiping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scuffing (scraping or dragging the feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap", + "pat", + "dab" + ], + "it": [ + "biscottino", + "buffetto", + "schiaffetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light touch or stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "hitting", + "striking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contacting one thing with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of bruising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "smash" + ], + "it": [ + "cozzata", + "cozzo", + "scontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of colliding with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impingement", + "impaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp collision produced by striking or dashing against something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the batter's attempt to get on base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fielding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) handling the ball while playing in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) playing the position of catcher on a baseball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golfing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "il giocare a golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitching" + ], + "it": [ + "lancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) playing the position of pitcher on a baseball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base on balls", + "walk", + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme effort one can make" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weakest effort or poorest achievement one is capable of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it stays between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it does not stay between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glancing contact with the ball off the edge of the cricket bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the act of hitting a baseball lightly without swinging the bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly", + "fly ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a hit that flies up in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very long fly ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop fly", + "pop-fly", + "pop-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short high fly ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grounder", + "ground ball", + "groundball", + "hopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a hit that travels along the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop", + "chopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grounder that bounces high in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grounder that rolls along the infield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a failure by a batter or runner to reach a base safely in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force out", + "force-out", + "force play", + "force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a putout of a base runner who is required to run; the putout is accomplished by holding the ball while touching the base to which the runner must advance before the runner reaches that base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an out resulting from a fielding play (not a strikeout)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strikeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an out resulting from the batter getting three strikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strikeout resulting from the batter swinging at and missing the ball for the third strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fielder's choice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play made on a ground ball in which the fielder chooses to put out an advancing runner instead of the batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) an out that advances the base runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sacrifice made by hitting a long fly ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base hit", + "safety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the successful act of striking a baseball in such a way that the batter reaches base safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a batted or served ball that skims along close to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(soccer) the act of hitting the ball with your head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liner", + "line drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a hit that flies straight out from the batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorcher", + "screamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very hard hit ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line-drive single", + "line single" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single resulting from a line drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line-drive double", + "line double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double resulting from a line drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line-drive triple", + "line triple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triple resulting from a line drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunk", + "plunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) hitting a baseball so that it drops suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homer", + "home run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base hit on which the batter scores a run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo homer", + "solo blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a home run with no runners on base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single", + "bingle" + ], + "it": [ + "singolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double", + "two-base hit", + "two-bagger", + "two-baser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base hit on which the batter stops safely at second base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple", + "three-base hit", + "three-bagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base hit at which the batter stops safely at third base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backhander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backhanded blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip" + ], + "it": [ + "scapellotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp slanting blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "belt", + "rap", + "whack", + "whang" + ], + "it": [ + "botta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hitting vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thwack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard blow with a flat object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "smacking", + "slap" + ], + "it": [ + "ceffata", + "ceffone", + "sganascione", + "sganassone", + "sventola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of smacking something; a blow delivered with an open hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very powerful blow with the fist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knockdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blow that knocks the opponent off his feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knockout", + "KO", + "kayo" + ], + "it": [ + "ko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blow that renders the opponent unconscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical knockout", + "TKO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knockout declared by the referee who judges one boxer unable to continue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spank" + ], + "it": [ + "sculaccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slap with the flat of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip", + "lash", + "whiplash" + ], + "it": [ + "frustata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick blow delivered with a whip or whiplike object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch", + "clout", + "poke", + "lick", + "biff", + "slug" + ], + "it": [ + "cazzotto", + "pugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(boxing) a blow with the fist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blow with the hand (usually on the ear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig", + "jab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpunch", + "parry", + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return punch (especially by a boxer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haymaker", + "knockout punch", + "KO punch", + "Sunday punch" + ], + "it": [ + "knock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard punch that renders the opponent unable to continue boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ], + "it": [ + "crochet", + "gancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short swinging punch delivered from the side with the elbow bent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jab" + ], + "it": [ + "diretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick short straight punch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short chopping blow to the back of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected punch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hook delivered with an exaggerated swing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick", + "boot", + "kicking" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio", + "pedata", + "scalciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delivering a blow with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal-kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(association football) a kick by the defending side after the attacking side sends the ball over the goal-line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal-kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rugby) an attempt to kick a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punt", + "punting" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "calcio al volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a kick in which the football is dropped from the hands and kicked before it touches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place kick", + "place-kicking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a kick in which the ball is placed on the ground before kicking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free kick" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio di punizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(soccer) a place kick that is allowed for a foul or infringement by the other team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner kick" + ], + "it": [ + "corner", + "calcio d'angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a free kick from the corner awarded to the other side when a player has sent the ball behind his own goal line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropkick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) kicking (as for a field goal) in which the football is dropped and kicked as it touches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light glancing touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss", + "buss", + "osculation" + ], + "it": [ + "bacio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)" + ], + "it": [ + "una carezza con le labbra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laying on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contacting something with your hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "smooch" + ], + "it": [ + "bacione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enthusiastic kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul kiss", + "deep kiss", + "French kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an openmouthed kiss in which your tongue is inserted into the other's mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "grab", + "snatch", + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of catching an object with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a catch of a punt on the fly by a defensive player who has signalled that he will not run and so should not be tackled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interception" + ], + "it": [ + "intercettamento", + "intercettazione", + "intercezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the act of catching a football by a player on the opposing team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the act of catching a pass in football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebound" + ], + "it": [ + "rimbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of securing possession of the rebounding basketball after a missed shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoestring catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a running catch made near the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesh", + "meshing", + "interlock", + "interlocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of interlocking or meshing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handling", + "manipulation" + ], + "it": [ + "maneggio", + "manipolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of touching with the hands (or the skillful use of the hands) or by the use of mechanical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touching something with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of groping; and instance of groping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a methodical examination or review of a condition or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autopsy", + "necropsy", + "postmortem", + "post-mortem", + "PM", + "postmortem examination", + "post-mortem examination" + ], + "it": [ + "autopsia", + "dissezione", + "necropsia", + "necroscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reporting your presence (as at an airport or a hotel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "checkout", + "check-out procedure" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo", + "verifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inspecting or verifying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check on work performance or product quality made at random times without warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkup", + "medical checkup", + "medical examination", + "medical exam", + "medical", + "health check" + ], + "it": [ + "visita medica", + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparison", + "comparing" + ], + "it": [ + "commisurazione", + "comparazione", + "confronto", + "paragone", + "raffronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of examining resemblances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine-tooth comb", + "fine-toothed comb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of examining in minute detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-up", + "followup", + "reexamination", + "review" + ], + "it": [ + "riesame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "going-over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a careful and thorough inspection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "once-over", + "look-over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift cursory examination or inspection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination of the interior of an eye using an ophthalmoscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpation", + "tactual exploration" + ], + "it": [ + "palpazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballottement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a palpatory technique for feeling a floating object in the body (especially for determining the position of a fetus by feeling the rebound of the fetus after a quick digital tap on the wall of the uterus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickle", + "tickling", + "titillation" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicorino", + "vellicamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tickling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke", + "stroking" + ], + "it": [ + "carezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light touch with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caress" + ], + "it": [ + "carezza", + "vezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gentle affectionate stroking (or something resembling it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the act of touching a player in a game (which changes their status in the game)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joining", + "connection", + "connexion" + ], + "it": [ + "congiungimento", + "unione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection made via the internet to another website" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interconnection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the act of interconnecting (wires or computers or theories etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intersecting (as joining by causing your path to intersect your target's path)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approximation", + "bringing close together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing near or bringing together especially the cut edges of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concatenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of linking together as in a series or chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convergence", + "converging", + "convergency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of converging (coming closer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merging", + "meeting", + "coming together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of joining together as one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concourse", + "confluence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coming together of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encounter", + "coming upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a casual meeting with a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of joining things in such a way that motion is possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junction", + "adjunction" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiunta", + "aggiunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of joining or adjoining things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastening", + "attachment" + ], + "it": [ + "abbarbicamento", + "allacciatura", + "attaccamento", + "radicamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of fastening things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosening", + "laxation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something less tight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tightening" + ], + "it": [ + "irrigidimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something tighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligation" + ], + "it": [ + "allacciatura", + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(surgery) tying a duct or blood vessel with a ligature (as to prevent bleeding during surgery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubal ligation" + ], + "it": [ + "legatura delle tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sterilization procedure with women; both Fallopian tubes are tied in two places and the tubes removed in between the ligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonding", + "soldering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastening firmly together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doweling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastening by dowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grounding", + "earthing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastening electrical equipment to earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of linking things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tying", + "ligature" + ], + "it": [ + "allacciatura", + "annodamento", + "annodatura", + "legamento", + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tying or binding things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untying", + "undoing", + "unfastening" + ], + "it": [ + "scioglimento", + "slegatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosening the ties that fasten something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welding" + ], + "it": [ + "saldatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastening two pieces of metal together by softening with heat and applying pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt welding", + "butt-welding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a butt joint by welding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot welding", + "spot-welding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating an overlapping joint by welding at small points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a fly ball hit a short distance into the outfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas leaguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a fly ball that falls between and infielder and an outfielder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash welding", + "flash butt welding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butt welding by creating an electric arc between the two pieces which melts and joins them; used for joining segments of metal pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lick", + "lap" + ], + "it": [ + "leccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touching with the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grazing", + "shaving", + "skimming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of brushing against while passing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discovery and description of the course of development of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detection", + "catching", + "espial", + "spying", + "spotting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of detecting something; catching sight of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-discovery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discovering your own individuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakthrough" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scoperta decisiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making an important discovery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determination", + "finding" + ], + "it": [ + "determinazione", + "scoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rediscovery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discovering again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designation", + "identification" + ], + "it": [ + "identificazione", + "immedesimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of designating or identifying something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bertillon system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system or procedure for identifying persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerprinting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the procedure of taking inked impressions of a person's fingerprints for the purpose of identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic profiling", + "genetic fingerprinting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the procedure of analyzing the DNA in samples of a person's body tissue or body fluid for the purpose of identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnosis", + "diagnosing" + ], + "it": [ + "diagnosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood typing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determining a person's blood type by serological methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical diagnosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification of a disease from its symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prenatal diagnosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the diagnostic procedures used to determine whether a fetus has a genetic abnormality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential diagnosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder (e.g., headache) that lacks unique symptoms or signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prognosis", + "prospect", + "medical prognosis" + ], + "it": [ + "prognosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prediction of the course of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution", + "solving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finding a solution to a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validation", + "proof", + "substantiation" + ], + "it": [ + "convalida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authentication", + "certification" + ], + "it": [ + "autentica", + "autenticazione", + "certificazione", + "expertise", + "legalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "validating the authenticity of something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "documentation", + "support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "documentary validation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetization", + "monetisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of proving that an instrument purporting to be a will was signed and executed in accord with legal requirements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonetization", + "demonetisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ending something (e.g. gold or silver) as no longer the legal tender of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsification", + "falsifying", + "disproof", + "refutation", + "refutal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of determining that something is false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "localization", + "localisation", + "location", + "locating", + "fix" + ], + "it": [ + "localizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a determination of the place where something is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echolocation", + "echo sounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determining the location of something by measuring the time it takes for an echo to return from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predetermination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of determining or ordaining in advance what is to take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determination of the length of a curve; finding a straight line equal in length to a given curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redetermination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determining again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigger", + "induction", + "initiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that sets in motion some course of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fomentation", + "instigation" + ], + "it": [ + "aizzamento", + "fomentazione", + "istigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate and intentional triggering (of trouble or discord)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsion", + "coercion" + ], + "it": [ + "coartazione", + "coazione", + "coercizione", + "costrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using force to cause something to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence" + ], + "it": [ + "influenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causing something without any direct or apparent effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-pollination" + ], + "it": [ + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulating influence among diverse elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subjecting someone to an influencing experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exposing someone excessively to an influencing experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underexposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadequate publicity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impingement", + "encroachment", + "impact" + ], + "it": [ + "impatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influencing strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulation", + "use" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate actions of calculated psychological manipulation intended to intimidate or confuse (usually for competitive advantage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autosuggestion", + "auto-suggestion", + "self-suggestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for self-improvement developed by Emile Coue which was popular in the 1920s and 1930s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnotism", + "mesmerism", + "suggestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inducing hypnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inducement", + "inducing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of bringing about a desired result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inducement (as of a public official) by improper means (as bribery) to violate duty (as by commiting a felony)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enticement", + "temptation" + ], + "it": [ + "adescamento", + "allettamento", + "lusinga", + "pania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of influencing by exciting hope or desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blandishment", + "wheedling" + ], + "it": [ + "lezio", + "moina", + "smanceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of urging by means of teasing or flattery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingratiation", + "insinuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gaining acceptance or affection for yourself by persuasive and subtle blandishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading astray", + "leading off" + ], + "it": [ + "sviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enticing others into sinful ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seduction" + ], + "it": [ + "adescamento", + "corruzione", + "seduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enticing someone astray from right behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seduction", + "conquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of winning the love or sexual favor of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual conquest", + "score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seduction culminating in sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoldry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of making cuckolds; sexual conquests of married women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitation", + "allurement" + ], + "it": [ + "adescamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enticing a person to do something wrong (as an offer of sex in return for money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choice", + "selection", + "option", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "adozione", + "cerna", + "cernita", + "cernitura", + "scelta", + "scrematura", + "selezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of choosing or selecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casting" + ], + "it": [ + "casting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the choice of actors to play particular roles in a play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloration", + "colouration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choice and use of colors (as by an artist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampling" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggio", + "campionamento", + "campionatura", + "sampling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) the selection of a suitable sample for study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random sampling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selection of a random sample; each element of the population has an equal chance of been selected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lucky dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selection or decision purely at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratified sampling", + "representative sampling", + "proportional sampling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the population is divided into subpopulations (strata) and random samples are taken of each stratum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision", + "determination", + "conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "determinazione", + "scelta", + "presa di posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making up your mind about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volition", + "willing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of intending; a volition that you intend to carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "about-face", + "volte-face", + "reversal", + "policy change" + ], + "it": [ + "dietro", + "dietro front", + "dietrofront", + "voltafaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major change in attitude or principle or point of view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulteration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adulterating (especially the illicit substitution of one substance for another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointment", + "assignment", + "designation", + "naming" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnazione", + "designazione", + "nomina", + "nominazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting a person into a non-elective position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomination" + ], + "it": [ + "investitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of officially naming a candidate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignment", + "assigning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distributing something to designated places or persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allocation", + "storage allocation" + ], + "it": [ + "allocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the assignment of particular areas of a magnetic disk to particular data or instructions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the decision made by an umpire or referee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-option", + "co-optation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of appointing summarily (with or without the appointee's consent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delegacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appointment of a delegate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordination", + "ordinance" + ], + "it": [ + "consacrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ordaining; the act of conferring (or receiving) holy orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laying on of hands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laying hands on a person's head to invoke spiritual blessing in Christian ordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "mossa", + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deciding to do something" + ], + "it": [ + "azione strategica e risolutiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "mossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(game) a player's turn to take some action permitted by the rules of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess move" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving a chess piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castle", + "castling" + ], + "it": [ + "arroccamento", + "arrocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interchanging the positions of the king and a rook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of an opponent's piece from the chess board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "en passant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) a chess pawn that is moved two squares can be captured by an opponent's pawn commanding the square that was passed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) gaining (or losing) a rook in return for a knight or bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) a direct attack on an opponent's king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discovered check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check on the opponent's king that is delivered by moving a piece out of the line of attack by a queen or rook or bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkmate", + "mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chess move constituting an inescapable and indefensible attack on the opponent's king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambit" + ], + "it": [ + "gambetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chess move early in the game in which the player sacrifices minor pieces in order to obtain an advantageous position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demarche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a move or step or maneuver in political or diplomatic affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre", + "tactical maneuver", + "tactical manoeuvre" + ], + "it": [ + "manovra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a move made to gain a tactical end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking" + ], + "it": [ + "parcheggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of maneuvering a vehicle into a location where it can be left temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move", + "relocation" + ], + "it": [ + "sgomberatura", + "traslocamento", + "trasloco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing your residence or place of business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret move (to avoid paying debts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downshift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change to a lower gear in a car or bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downshift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from a financially rewarding but stressful career to a less well paid but more fulfilling one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank so steep that the plane's lateral axis approaches the vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight maneuver consisting of a steep climbing turn executed to gain altitude while changing direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop", + "loop-the-loop" + ], + "it": [ + "looping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight maneuver; aircraft flies a complete circle in the vertical plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loop consisting of a climb followed by inverted flight followed by a dive that returns to horizontal flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loop consisting of a dive followed by inverted flight followed by a climb that returns to horizontal flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "frullo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight maneuver; aircraft rotates about its longitudinal axis without changing direction or losing altitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll in which the plane follows a spiral course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "sideslip" + ], + "it": [ + "derapage", + "derapata", + "dérapage", + "scivolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight maneuver; aircraft slides sideways in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight maneuver", + "airplane maneuver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maneuver executed by an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight-arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the act of warding off a tackler by holding the arm fully extended with the hand against the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "device", + "gimmick", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "trovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any clever maneuver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mnemonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (such as a rhyme or acronym) used to aid recall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trick", + "fast one" + ], + "it": [ + "artificio", + "astuzia", + "escamotage", + "espediente", + "gherminella", + "giochetto", + "inganno", + "inghippo", + "malizia", + "marchingegno", + "scappatoia", + "stratagemma", + "trucco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cunning or deceitful action or device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shtik", + "schtik", + "shtick", + "schtick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a devious trick; a bit of cheating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feint" + ], + "it": [ + "finta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distracting or deceptive maneuver (as a mock attack)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juke", + "fake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a deceptive move made by a football player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillful maneuvering or dealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ploy", + "gambit", + "stratagem" + ], + "it": [ + "stratagemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maneuver in a game or conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruse", + "artifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "means", + "agency", + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo", + "modo", + "maniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "how a result is obtained or an end is achieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interchangeable with `means' in the expression `by means of'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means or way of escaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid means of achieving a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument", + "tool" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the means whereby some act is accomplished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road" + ], + "it": [ + "via", + "strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way or means to achieve something" + ], + "it": [ + "atti, mezzi e sim., adottati per conseguire un fine o riuscire in un intento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auspicious way or means to achieve something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepping stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any means of advancement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure", + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "provvedimento", + "misura", + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal" + ], + "it": [ + "intervento, come parte di una progressione, volto a ottenere qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermeasure" + ], + "it": [ + "controazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action taken to offset another action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear hug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a takeover bid so attractive that the directors of the target company must approve it or risk shareholder protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proxy fight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure used by an acquirer to gain control of a takeover target; acquirer tries to persuade other shareholders that the management of the target should be replaced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leveraged buyout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buyout using borrowed money; the target company's assets are usually security for the loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bust-up takeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leveraged buyout in which the target company's assets are sold to repay the loan that financed the takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark repellent", + "porcupine provision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure undertaken by a corporation to discourage unwanted takeover attempts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden parachute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving top executives lucrative benefits that must be paid by the acquirer if they are discharged after a takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenmail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(corporation) the practice of purchasing enough shares in a firm to threaten a takeover and thereby forcing the owners to buy those shares back at a premium in order to stay in business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pac-man strategy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the target company defends itself by threatening to take over its acquirer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the target company defends itself by making its stock less attractive to an acquirer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poison pill with potentially catastrophic implications for the company it is intended to protect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe harbor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the target company defends itself by acquiring a company so onerously regulated that it makes the target less attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorched-earth policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the target company defends itself by selling off its crown jewels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic procedure", + "diagnostic technique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedient" + ], + "it": [ + "espediente", + "ripiego", + "ritrovato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means to an end; not necessarily a principled or ethical one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precaution in case of an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergency procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a procedure adopted to meet an emergency (especially a medical emergency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimental procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the specific techniques used in conducting a particular experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-blind procedure", + "double-blind experiment", + "double-blind study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeshift", + "stopgap", + "make-do" + ], + "it": [ + "ripiego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something contrived to meet an urgent need or emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that serves as an expedient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvisation", + "temporary expedient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unplanned expedient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pis aller", + "last resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expedient adopted only in desperation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desperate measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desperate actions taken as a means to an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open sesame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any very successful means of achieving a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of preserving from harm or unpleasantness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of enforcement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means or agency by which something is expressed or communicated" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo, mezzo attraverso il quale viene espresso e comunicato qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of flight or ascent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casting lots", + "drawing lots", + "sortition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making a chance decision by using lots (straws or pebbles etc.) that are thrown or drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoption", + "acceptance", + "acceptation", + "espousal" + ], + "it": [ + "accoglimento", + "adesione", + "adozione", + "accettazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrace", + "bosom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close affectionate and protective acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election" + ], + "it": [ + "elezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-option", + "co-optation" + ], + "it": [ + "cooptazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selection of a new member (usually by a vote of the existing membership)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reelection" + ], + "it": [ + "rielezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "election again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plebiscite" + ], + "it": [ + "plebiscito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referendum" + ], + "it": [ + "referendum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election" + ], + "it": [ + "elezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general election" + ], + "it": [ + "elezioni politiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national or state election; candidates are chosen in all constituencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary", + "primary election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct primary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed primary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open primary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-election", + "bye-election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special election between regular elections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runoff" + ], + "it": [ + "ballottaggio finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final election to resolve an earlier election that did not produce a winner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote", + "ballot", + "voting", + "balloting" + ], + "it": [ + "voto", + "votazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" + ], + "it": [ + "atto con cui si manifesta la propria volontà nella scelta di un candidato o di un programma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote proportional in magnitude to the number of people that a delegate represents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumulative vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an election in which each person has as many votes as there are positions to be filled and they can all be cast for one candidate or can be distributed in any manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret ballot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote in which each person's choice is secret but the totaled votes are public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballot cast by a voter who votes for candidates from more than one party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballot cast by a voter who votes for all the candidates of one party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple voting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of voting in more than one place by the same person at the same election (illegal in U.S.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casting vote" + ], + "it": [ + "voto decisivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deciding vote cast by the presiding officer to resolve a tie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconciliation", + "balancing" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciamento", + "conciliazione", + "conguagliamento", + "conguaglio", + "pareggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "getting two things to correspond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equation", + "equating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of regarding as equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breech delivery", + "breech birth", + "breech presentation" + ], + "it": [ + "parto podalico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delivery of an infant whose feet or buttocks appear first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frank breech", + "frank breech delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position of a fetus in which the buttocks are present at the maternal pelvic outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cesarean delivery", + "caesarean delivery", + "caesarian delivery", + "cesarean section", + "cesarian section", + "caesarean section", + "caesarian section", + "C-section", + "cesarean", + "cesarian", + "caesarean", + "caesarian", + "abdominal delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delivery of a fetus by surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus (from the belief that Julius Caesar was born that way)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forceps delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delivery in which forceps are inserted through the vagina and used to grasp the head of the fetus and pull it through the birth canal; since the forceps can injure the fetus this procedure has generally given way to cesarean deliveries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midwifery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assisting women at childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scoring in a game or sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the score in a bowling match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull's eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in target shooting: a score made by hitting the center of the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal" + ], + "it": [ + "goal", + "gol", + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a successful attempt at scoring" + ], + "it": [ + "nel gioco del calcio, punto realizzato mandando la palla oltre la linea della porta avversaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "own goal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(soccer) a goal that results when a player inadvertently knocks the ball into the goal he is defending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "ten-strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in tenpins: knocking down all ten with the first ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in tenpins; knocking down all ten after rolling two balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open frame", + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football play is changed orally after both teams have assumed their positions at the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the score in a football game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touchback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play in which the opposing team has kicked the football into your end zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in American football; a player is tackled behind his own goal line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touchdown" + ], + "it": [ + "touchdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in American football; being in possession of the ball across the opponents' goal line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field goal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in American football; a score made by kicking the ball between the opponents' goal posts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a successful free throw or try for point after a touchdown" + ], + "it": [ + "realizzazione di un tiro piazzato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point after", + "point after touchdown", + "extra point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in American football a point awarded for a successful place kick following a touchdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the score of a baseball game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "tally" + ], + "it": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earned run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a run that was not scored as the result of an error by the other team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unearned run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a run that was scored as a result of an error by the other team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run batted in", + "rbi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a run that is the result of the batter's performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the score in a basketball game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket", + "field goal" + ], + "it": [ + "canestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score in basketball made by throwing the ball through the hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hat trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) three consecutive scores by one player or three scores in one game (as in cricket or ice hockey etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the successful action of solving a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian roulette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point the muzzle at your head and pull the trigger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of changing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filtration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing a fluid by passing it through a filter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the filtration of a liquid for extraction or purification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduction", + "simplification" + ], + "it": [ + "semplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schematization", + "schematisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing to a scheme or formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economy", + "saving" + ], + "it": [ + "economia", + "risparmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of economizing; reduction in cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrenchment", + "curtailment", + "downsizing" + ], + "it": [ + "decurtazione", + "riduzione delle spese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economy of scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the saving in cost of production that is due to mass production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the automatic adjustment in focal length of the natural lens of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adaptation" + ], + "it": [ + "adattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the responsive adjustment of a sense organ (as the eye) to varying conditions (as of light)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark adaptation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of adjusting the eyes to low levels of illumination; cones adapt first; rods continue to adapt for up to four hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light adaptation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of adjusting the eyes to relatively high levels of illumination; the pupil constricts and the cones system is operative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of taking up as by tightening or absorption or reeling in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "riadattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adjusting again (to changed circumstances)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accommodation to domestic life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimalization", + "decimalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "conversione al sistema metrico decimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing to a decimal system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrification", + "metrication" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "conversione al sistema metrico decimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing from imperial units of measurement to metric units: meters, grams, seconds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habituation" + ], + "it": [ + "assuefazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation", + "variance" + ], + "it": [ + "variazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that varies from a norm or standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of changing in practice or custom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversification", + "variegation" + ], + "it": [ + "differenziazione", + "diversificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of introducing variety (especially in investments or in the variety of goods and services offered)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in constant change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch", + "switching", + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing one thing or position for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switcheroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden unexpected switch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitution", + "exchange", + "commutation" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio", + "sostituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the replacement of one obligation by another by mutual agreement of both parties; usually the replacement of one of the original parties to a contract with the consent of the remaining party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitching change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replacing a pitcher in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superannuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discharging someone because of age (especially to cause someone to retire from service on a pension)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supersedure", + "supersession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of replacing one person or thing by another especially one held to be superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplanting", + "displacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of taking the place of another especially using underhanded tactics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replacement", + "replacing" + ], + "it": [ + "ricambio", + "rimpiazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subrogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of substituting of one creditor for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaning", + "ablactation" + ], + "it": [ + "divezzamento", + "slattamento", + "svezzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of substituting other food for the mother's milk in the diet of a child or young mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promotion" + ], + "it": [ + "promozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of raising in rank or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preferring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demotion" + ], + "it": [ + "degradazione", + "destituzione", + "esautorazione", + "retrocessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of lowering in rank or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment", + "investiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of state" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiamento di stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alteration", + "modification", + "adjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione", + "cambiamento", + "miglioria", + "modifica", + "permutamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distraction", + "misdirection" + ], + "it": [ + "distrazione", + "evasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distracting; drawing someone's attention away from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeration" + ], + "it": [ + "aerazione", + "aereazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of charging a liquid with a gas making it effervescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorganization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive alteration of the structure of a corporation or government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "transition" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of passing from one state or place to the next" + ], + "it": [ + "il mutare stato, condizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossilization", + "fossilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming inflexible or out of date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing smoothly from one state or situation to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meddling", + "tampering" + ], + "it": [ + "manomissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of altering something secretly or improperly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "transference" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of transfering something from one form to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prohibition", + "inhibition", + "forbiddance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance", + "opposition" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with" + ], + "it": [ + "opposizione esercitata da qualcuno contro altre persone o cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockout" + ], + "it": [ + "serrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a management action resisting employee's demands; employees are barred from entering the workplace until they agree to terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you don't like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backlash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adverse reaction to some political or social occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitelash", + "white backlash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backlash by white racists against black civil rights advances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejection" + ], + "it": [ + "rigetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rejecting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curt or disdainful rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avoidance", + "turning away", + "shunning", + "dodging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately avoiding; keeping away from or preventing from happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aversion", + "averting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning yourself (or your gaze) away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avoidance of danger or difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "near thing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that barely avoids failure or disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandonment", + "forsaking", + "desertion" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving something up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandoning without shelter or protection (as by leaving as infant out in the open)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostasy", + "tergiversation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abandoning a party for cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden abandonment (as from a political party)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renunciation", + "forgoing", + "forswearing" + ], + "it": [ + "rinuncia", + "rinunzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of renouncing; sacrificing or giving up or surrendering (a possession or right or title or privilege etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonacceptance", + "turndown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of refusing an offer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forsaking", + "giving up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forsaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnegation", + "self-abnegation", + "denial", + "self-denial", + "self-renunciation" + ], + "it": [ + "abnegazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renunciation of your own interests in favor of the interests of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forfeit", + "forfeiture", + "sacrifice" + ], + "it": [ + "sacrificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boycott" + ], + "it": [ + "boicottaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banishment", + "proscription" + ], + "it": [ + "proscrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rejection by means of an act of banishing or proscribing someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anathematization", + "anathematisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of pronouncing (someone or something) accursed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbarment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expelling a lawyer from the practice of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejection", + "exclusion", + "expulsion", + "riddance" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanamento", + "cacciata", + "discacciamento", + "eccettuazione", + "esclusione", + "esilio", + "espulsione", + "estromissione", + "radiazione", + "scacciamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forcing out someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deportation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expulsion from a country of an undesirable alien" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostracism" + ], + "it": [ + "ostracismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of excluding someone from society by general consent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barring", + "blackball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exile", + "deportation", + "expatriation", + "transportation" + ], + "it": [ + "bando", + "esilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expelling a person from their native land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian Captivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deportation of the Jews to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excommunication", + "excision" + ], + "it": [ + "scomunica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of banishing a member of a church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the church; cutting a person off from a religious society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relegation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild banishment; consignment to an inferior position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banishment into the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ouster", + "ousting" + ], + "it": [ + "siluramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ejecting someone or forcing them out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposition", + "dethronement" + ], + "it": [ + "detronizzazione", + "spodestamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deposing someone; removing a powerful person from a position or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension", + "temporary removal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary debarment (from a privilege or position etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary dismissal of a student from a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of removing from office or employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote that blocks a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket veto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indirect veto of legislation by refusing to sign it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vote cast by writing in the name of a candidate who is not listed on the ballot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "termination", + "ending", + "conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ending something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish", + "finishing" + ], + "it": [ + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of finishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finale", + "close", + "closing curtain", + "finis" + ], + "it": [ + "congedo", + "finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concluding part of any performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "tone ending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the act or manner of terminating a musical phrase or tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "completion", + "culmination", + "closing", + "windup", + "mop up" + ], + "it": [ + "completamento", + "ultimazione", + "compimento", + "coronamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concluding action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finalization", + "finalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of finalizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrying some project or intention to full completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of carrying a stroke to its natural completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the successful completion of a program of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retirement" + ], + "it": [ + "pensionamento", + "retirement", + "riposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal from your position or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibernation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of retiring into inactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of retiring to and living in the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan song", + "last hurrah" + ], + "it": [ + "canto del cigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final performance or effort (especially before retirement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relinquishment", + "relinquishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving up and abandoning a struggle or task etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cession", + "ceding" + ], + "it": [ + "cessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ceding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of relinquishing property or authority etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delivery of a principal into lawful custody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extradition" + ], + "it": [ + "estradizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surrender of an accused or convicted person by one state or country to another (usually under the provisions of a statute or treaty)" + ], + "it": [ + "consegna, da parte di uno Stato, di una persona imputata o condannata in un altro Stato, quando quest'ultimo ne faccia richiesta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "waiver", + "discharge" + ], + "it": [ + "rinuncia", + "rinunzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal written statement of relinquishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemption", + "immunity", + "granting immunity" + ], + "it": [ + "dispensazione", + "esenzione", + "esonero", + "giubilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act exempting someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exemption granted after influence (e.g., money) is brought to bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "official immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal immunity accorded to a public official from liability to anyone injured by actions that are the consequence of exerting official authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovereign immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exemption that precludes bringing a suit against the sovereign government without the government's consent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transactional immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broader form of use immunity that also protects the witness from any prosecution brought about relating to transactions to which they gave testimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use immunity", + "testimonial immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exemption that displaces the privilege against self-incrimination; neither compelled testimony or any fruits of it can be used against the witness who therefore can no longer fear self-incrimination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolution", + "breakup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination or disintegration of a relationship (between persons or nations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splitsville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation or breakup or divorce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overthrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subversion", + "subversive activity" + ], + "it": [ + "eversione", + "sovversione", + "sovvertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subverting; as overthrowing or destroying a legally constituted government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjournment", + "dissolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of a meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismissal", + "dismission", + "discharge", + "firing", + "liberation", + "release", + "sack", + "sacking" + ], + "it": [ + "licenziamento", + "congedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of someone's employment (leaving them free to depart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conge", + "congee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt and unceremonious dismissal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "removal" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanamento", + "defenestrazione", + "deposizione", + "destituzione", + "remozione", + "rimozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismissal from office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt or sudden removal of a person or group from an organization or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destruction", + "devastation" + ], + "it": [ + "annientamento", + "annullamento", + "devastamento", + "devastazione", + "distruggimento", + "distruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disaster" + ], + "it": [ + "calamità", + "carneficina", + "catastrofe", + "disastro", + "patatrac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that has disastrous consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laying waste", + "ruin", + "ruining", + "ruination", + "wrecking" + ], + "it": [ + "rovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razing", + "leveling", + "tearing down", + "demolishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete destruction of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annihilation", + "obliteration" + ], + "it": [ + "annichilamento", + "annichilazione", + "annientamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destruction by annihilating something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimation" + ], + "it": [ + "decimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroying or killing a large part of the population (literally every tenth person as chosen by lot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomization", + "atomisation" + ], + "it": [ + "nebulizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annihilation by reducing something to atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulverization", + "pulverisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annihilation by pulverizing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaporization", + "vaporisation" + ], + "it": [ + "evaporazione", + "evaporizzazione", + "vaporazione", + "vaporizzazione", + "volatilizzazione", + "volatizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annihilation by vaporizing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killing", + "kill", + "putting to death" + ], + "it": [ + "ammazzamento", + "assassinio", + "mattanza", + "omicidio", + "sterminio", + "uccisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of terminating a life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathblow", + "coup de grace" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blow that kills (usually mercifully)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive-by killing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "homicide committed by shooting from a moving automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euthanasia", + "mercy killing" + ], + "it": [ + "eutanasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the killing of a human being by another human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor killing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient tradition still sometimes observed; a male member of the family kills a female relative for tarnishing the family image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manslaughter" + ], + "it": [ + "omicidio colposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "homicide without malice aforethought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder", + "slaying", + "execution" + ], + "it": [ + "assassinio", + "omicidio", + "uccisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassination" + ], + "it": [ + "assassinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder of a public figure by surprise attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodshed", + "gore" + ], + "it": [ + "spargimento di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shedding of blood resulting in murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chance-medley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpremeditated killing of a human being in self defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract killing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a murder carried out on agreement with a hired killer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parricide" + ], + "it": [ + "parricidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of your own father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mariticide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of a husband by his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of your mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of your father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fratricide" + ], + "it": [ + "fratricidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of your sibling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uxoricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of a wife by her husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of your own son or daughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "despatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing a person or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of felling something (as a tree)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide", + "self-destruction", + "self-annihilation" + ], + "it": [ + "suicidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-destruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of destroying yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assisted suicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suicide of a terminally ill person that involves an assistant who serves to make dying as painless and dignified as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physician-assisted suicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assisted suicide where the assistant is a physician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felo-de-se" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of deliberate self destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harakiri", + "hara-kiri", + "harikari", + "seppuku" + ], + "it": [ + "karakiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ritual suicide by self-disembowelment on a sword; practiced by samurai in the traditional Japanese society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suttee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of a Hindu widow willingly cremating herself on the funeral pyre of her dead husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination", + "liquidation" + ], + "it": [ + "soppressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the murder of a competitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slaughter" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattimento", + "ecatombe", + "macellamento", + "macellazione", + "macello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the killing of animals (as for food)" + ], + "it": [ + "uccisione di animali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slaughter", + "massacre", + "mass murder", + "carnage", + "butchery" + ], + "it": [ + "carnaio", + "scempio", + "tagliamento", + "tagliata", + "carneficina", + "ecatombe", + "eccidio", + "falcidia", + "macello", + "massacro", + "strage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the savage and excessive killing of many people" + ], + "it": [ + "uccissione di una gran quantità di persone o animali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodbath", + "bloodletting", + "bloodshed", + "battue" + ], + "it": [ + "ecatombe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indiscriminate slaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynching" + ], + "it": [ + "linciaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting a person to death by mob action without due process of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poisoning" + ], + "it": [ + "avvelenamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving poison to a person or animal with the intent to kill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gassing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate act of poisoning some person or animal with gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regicide" + ], + "it": [ + "regicidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing someone by gunfire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive-by shooting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shooting someone from a car as it is driven past the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing shooting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shooting game birds that are flying (on the wing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocation", + "asphyxiation" + ], + "it": [ + "soffocamento", + "soffocazione", + "strangolamento", + "strangolatura", + "strangolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing by depriving of oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choking", + "strangling", + "strangulation", + "throttling" + ], + "it": [ + "strangolamento", + "strozzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of suffocating (someone) by constricting the windpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forcing yourself (or being forced) into or through a restricted space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchospasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiospasm" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiospasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spasm of the cardiac sphincter (between the esophagus and the stomach); if the cardiac sphincter does not relax during swallowing the passage of food into the stomach is obstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "retch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngismus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laryngeal spasm caused by the sudden contraction of laryngeal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangulation" + ], + "it": [ + "strozzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) constriction of a body part so as to cut off the flow of blood or other fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carjacking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the violent theft of an occupied car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice", + "ritual killing" + ], + "it": [ + "sacrificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing (an animal or person) in order to propitiate a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hecatomb" + ], + "it": [ + "ecatombe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great sacrifice; an ancient Greek or Roman sacrifice of 100 oxen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immolation" + ], + "it": [ + "immolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing or offering as a sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocution" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrocuzione", + "elettroesecuzione", + "fulminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing by electric shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decapitation", + "beheading" + ], + "it": [ + "decapitazione", + "decollazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing by cutting off the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abolition", + "abolishment" + ], + "it": [ + "abolizione", + "soppressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abolishing a system or practice or institution (especially abolishing slavery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidation", + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viatical settlement", + "viaticus settlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sale of an insurance policy by a terminally ill policy holder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal", + "drug withdrawal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of drug taking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold turkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete and abrupt withdrawal of all addictive drugs or anything else on which you have become dependent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closure", + "closedown", + "closing", + "shutdown" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "termination of operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant closing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of shutting down operation of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank closing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of closing down a bank because of a fiscal emergency or failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of laying off an employee or a work force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction", + "extinguishing", + "quenching" + ], + "it": [ + "estinzione", + "spegnimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fade", + "disappearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradually ceasing to be visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abortion" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto", + "interruzione di gravidanza", + "interruzione della gravidanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "termination of pregnancy" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione della gravidanza prima che il feto sia maturo dovuta a cause naturali o indotte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spontaneous abortion", + "miscarriage", + "stillbirth" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto spontaneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural loss of the products of conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitual abortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeated spontaneous abortion (often for no known reason)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imminent abortion", + "threatened abortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of symptoms that signal the impending loss of the products of conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incomplete abortion", + "partial abortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "termination of pregnancy without expulsion of all of the products of conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induced abortion" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione volontaria di gravidanza", + "aborto procurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate termination of pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aborticide", + "feticide" + ], + "it": [ + "feticidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of destroying a fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapeutic abortion" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto terapeutico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legally induced abortion for medical reasons (as when the mother's life is threatened)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullification", + "override" + ], + "it": [ + "annullamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrogation", + "repeal", + "annulment" + ], + "it": [ + "abrogazione", + "annullamento", + "cancellazione", + "cassazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abrogating; an official or legal cancellation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the partial taking away of the effectiveness of a law; a partial repeal or abolition of a law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cancelling; calling off some arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cancelling from an account a bad debt or a worthless asset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attainder", + "civil death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancellation of civil rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recission", + "rescission" + ], + "it": [ + "rescissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of rescinding; the cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nullification by the destruction of the legal force; rendering null" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralization", + "neutralisation", + "counteraction" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action intended to nullify the effects of some previous action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deactivation", + "defusing" + ], + "it": [ + "disattivazione", + "inattivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deactivating or making ineffective (as a bomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deactivation", + "inactivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking up a military unit (by transfers or discharges)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honorable discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge from the armed forces with a commendable record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonorable discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge from the armed forces for a grave offense (as sabotage or espionage or cowardice or murder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Section Eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge from the US Army based on unfitness or character traits deemed undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralization", + "neutralisation" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action intended to keep a country politically neutral or exclude it from a possible war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralization", + "neutralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(euphemism) the removal of a threat by killing or destroying it (especially in a covert operation or military operation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversal" + ], + "it": [ + "capovolgimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from one state to the opposite state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undoing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that makes a previous act of no effect (as if not done)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression", + "regress", + "reversion", + "retrogression", + "retroversion" + ], + "it": [ + "indietreggiamento", + "involuzione", + "regresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "returning to a former state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beginning", + "start", + "commencement" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "avviamento", + "avvio", + "cominciamento", + "incominciamento", + "inizio", + "principiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of starting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springboard", + "jumping-off point", + "point of departure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beginning from which an enterprise is launched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession", + "rise to power" + ], + "it": [ + "ascesa", + "assunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of attaining or gaining access to a new office or right or position (especially the throne)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making active and effective (as a bomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "tone-beginning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decisive manner of beginning a musical tone or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitution", + "establishment", + "formation", + "organization", + "organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "costituzione", + "formazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forming or establishing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-establishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restoration to a previous state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduction", + "debut", + "first appearance", + "launching", + "unveiling", + "entry" + ], + "it": [ + "avviamento", + "debutto", + "esordio", + "instaurazione", + "istaurazione", + "lancio", + "entrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of beginning something new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induction of labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) inducing the childbirth process artificially by administering oxytocin or by puncturing the amniotic sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the induction of sleep or hypnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product introduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction (usually by an advertising campaign) of a new product or product line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) the method of starting play; a referee drops the puck between two opposing players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first step", + "initiative", + "opening move", + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of a series of actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundbreaking", + "groundbreaking ceremony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of starting to construct a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icebreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beginning that relaxes a tense or formal atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inauguration", + "startup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of starting a new operation or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiation", + "founding", + "foundation", + "institution", + "origination", + "creation", + "innovation", + "introduction", + "instauration" + ], + "it": [ + "creazione", + "fondazione", + "instaurazione", + "istaurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authorship", + "paternity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of initiating a new idea or theory or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installation", + "installing", + "installment", + "instalment" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto", + "installazione", + "istallazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of installing something (as equipment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) the way play begins or resumes when possession is disputed; an official tosses the ball up between two players who jump in an effort to tap it to a teammate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kickoff" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio d'inizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a kick from the center of the field to start a football game or to resume it after a score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "starting" + ], + "it": [ + "partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turn to be a starter (in a game at the beginning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resumption", + "recommencement" + ], + "it": [ + "ripresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beginning again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrum", + "scrummage" + ], + "it": [ + "mischia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rugby) the method of beginning play in which the forwards of each team crouch side by side with locked arms; play starts when the ball is thrown in between them and the two sides compete for possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of setting in operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unionization", + "unionisation" + ], + "it": [ + "sindacalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of forming labor unions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arousal", + "rousing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arousing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reveille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal to get up in the morning; in the military it is a bugle call at sunrise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ushering in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of something new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inauguration", + "inaugural" + ], + "it": [ + "inaugurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremonial induction into a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain raiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any preliminary activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial stage in accomplishing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace initiative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opening move in negotiating a peace treaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooking", + "cookery", + "preparation" + ], + "it": [ + "cottura", + "cuocere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baking" + ], + "it": [ + "cottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking by dry heat in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baking shelled eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toasting", + "browning" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrustolimento", + "doratura", + "rosolatura", + "torrefazione", + "tostatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broil", + "broiling", + "grilling" + ], + "it": [ + "grigliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frying", + "sauteing" + ], + "it": [ + "frittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking in fat or oil in a pan or griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion cooking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking that combines ingredients and techniques and seasonings from different cuisines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking slowly in fat in a closed pot with little moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poaching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking in simmering liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roasting" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrustolimento", + "rosolatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecuing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roasting a large piece of meat on a revolving spit out of doors over an open fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiling", + "stewing", + "simmering" + ], + "it": [ + "allessatura", + "bollire", + "bollita", + "cotta", + "cottura", + "lessatura", + "stufare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moistening a roast as it is cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderization", + "tenderisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making meat tender by pounding or marinating it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making coffee in a percolator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasoning" + ], + "it": [ + "condimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding a seasoning to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding salt to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetening" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding a sweetener to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvement" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonimento", + "miglioramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of improving something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advancement", + "progress" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzamento", + "sviluppo", + "progresso", + "passo avanti", + "passo in avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradual improvement or growth or development" + ], + "it": [ + "progressivo avanzamento in un determinato campo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forwarding", + "furtherance", + "promotion" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advancement of some enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "significant progress (especially in the phrase \"make strides\")" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work flow", + "workflow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "progress (or rate of progress) in work being done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of making broader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaboration", + "working out" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "developing in intricate and painstaking detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improving an existing product or developing new kinds of products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaning", + "cleansing", + "cleanup" + ], + "it": [ + "pulitura", + "pulizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinfestation" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfestazione", + "disinfestione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of getting rid of vermin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring-cleaning" + ], + "it": [ + "pulizie di primavera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of cleaning a house thoroughly at the end of winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub", + "scrubbing", + "scouring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swabbing", + "mopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleaning with a mop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry cleaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaning (fabrics) with a solvent other than water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweeping" + ], + "it": [ + "scopata", + "scopatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaning with a broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge", + "purging" + ], + "it": [ + "purga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of removing by cleansing; ridding of sediment or other undesired elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge", + "purging", + "purgation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of clearing yourself (or another) from some stigma or charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purification" + ], + "it": [ + "lavacro", + "purgazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of purging of sin or guilt; moral or spiritual cleansing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purification", + "purgation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial cleansing from defilement or uncleanness by the performance of appropriate rites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purification" + ], + "it": [ + "decantazione", + "depurazione", + "epurazione", + "purificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaning by getting rid of impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catharsis", + "katharsis", + "abreaction" + ], + "it": [ + "abreazione", + "catarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) purging of emotional tensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catharsis", + "katharsis", + "purgation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purging the body by the use of a cathartic to stimulate evacuation of the bowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high colonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enema that injects large amounts of fluid high into the colon for cleansing purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterilization", + "sterilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the procedure of making some object free of live bacteria or other microorganisms (usually by heat or chemical means)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasteurization", + "pasteurisation" + ], + "it": [ + "pasteurizzazione", + "pastorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial sterilization of foods at a temperature that destroys harmful microorganisms without major changes in the chemistry of the food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitation", + "sanitization", + "sanitisation" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfezione", + "sterilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making something sanitary (free of germs) as by sterilizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depilation", + "epilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing hair (as from an animal skin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave", + "shaving" + ], + "it": [ + "rasatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing hair with a razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsure" + ], + "it": [ + "tonsura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaving the crown of the head by priests or members of a monastic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removing superfluous or unwanted hair by passing an electric current through the hair root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washup", + "bathing" + ], + "it": [ + "abluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of washing yourself (or another person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ritual washing of a priest's hands or of sacred vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishwashing", + "washup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of washing dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "washing", + "lavation" + ], + "it": [ + "abluzione", + "bucato", + "lavanda", + "lavata", + "lavaggio", + "lavatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washing-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the washing of dishes etc after a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window-washing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of washing windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinse" + ], + "it": [ + "risciaquata", + "sciacquata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing lightly without soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a light tint to the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak", + "soaking" + ], + "it": [ + "ammollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing something by allowing it to soak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "brushing" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of brushing your hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb", + "combing" + ], + "it": [ + "pettinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drawing a comb through hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb-out", + "teasing" + ], + "it": [ + "pettinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing tangles from you hair with a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shampoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of washing your hair with shampoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair care", + "haircare", + "hairdressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for the hair: the activity of washing or cutting or curling or arranging the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairweaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of interweaving a hairpiece with your own hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower", + "shower bath" + ], + "it": [ + "doccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing yourself by standing upright under water sprayed from a nozzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath" + ], + "it": [ + "bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "you soak and wash your body in a bathtub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble bath" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnoschiuma", + "foam bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bath in which you add something to foam and scent the bath water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mikvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hebrew) a ritual purification and cleansing bath that Orthodox Jews take on certain occasions (as before Sabbath or after menstruation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud bath" + ], + "it": [ + "fangatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bath in warm mud (as for treating rheumatism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "you wash your body with a sponge or washcloth instead of in a bathtub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish bath", + "steam bath", + "vapor bath", + "vapour bath" + ], + "it": [ + "bagno turco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "you sweat in a steam room before getting a rubdown and cold shower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rubbing down, usually for relaxation or medicinal purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction", + "rectification" + ], + "it": [ + "correzione", + "rettifica", + "rettificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake; setting right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redress", + "remedy", + "remediation" + ], + "it": [ + "raddrizzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that remedies or heals or soothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of correcting for your wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recompense", + "compensation" + ], + "it": [ + "compensazione", + "indennizzo", + "ricompensa", + "riequilibrio", + "risarcimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of compensating for service or loss or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indemnification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of compensation for actual loss or damage or for trouble and annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimization", + "optimisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rendering optimal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something perfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ], + "it": [ + "riforma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land reform" + ], + "it": [ + "riforma fondiaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a redistribution of agricultural land (especially by government action)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amelioration", + "melioration", + "betterment" + ], + "it": [ + "miglioramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of relieving ills and changing for the better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-improvement", + "self-reformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of improving yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beautification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something more beautiful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enhancement of someone's personal beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glamorization", + "glamorisation", + "glamourization", + "glamourisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of glamorizing; making something or someone more beautiful (often in a superficial way)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoration" + ], + "it": [ + "addobbo", + "decorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decorating something (in the hope of making it more attractive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adornment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of decorating yourself with something colorful and interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornamentation", + "embellishment" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellimento", + "decorazione", + "ornamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding extraneous decorations to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrinistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decoration of shop windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adorning with mosaic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figuration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorating with a design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of making a design on the skin by pricking and staining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titivation", + "tittivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprucing up; making decorative additions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marking" + ], + "it": [ + "marcatura", + "marchiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a visible mark on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of marking or outlining with lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mottling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coloring with areas of different shades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striping" + ], + "it": [ + "striatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of marking with stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearing", + "clarification" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing solid particles from a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrichment" + ], + "it": [ + "arricchimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of making fuller or more meaningful or rewarding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortification" + ], + "it": [ + "fortificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the addition of an ingredient for the purpose of enrichment (as the addition of alcohol to wine or the addition of vitamins to food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanization", + "humanisation" + ], + "it": [ + "umanizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making more human" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernization", + "modernisation" + ], + "it": [ + "ammodernamento", + "innovazione", + "modernizzazione", + "rammodernamento", + "rimodernamento", + "rimodernata", + "rimodernatura", + "svecchiamento", + "svecchiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making modern in appearance or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renovation", + "redevelopment", + "overhaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of improving by renewing and restoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face lift", + "facelift", + "face lifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a renovation that improves the outward appearance (as of a building) but usually does not involve major changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralization", + "moralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making moral (or more moral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enhancement", + "sweetening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improvement that makes something more agreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upturn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upward movement or trend as in business activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worsening" + ], + "it": [ + "acutizzazione", + "aggravamento", + "appesantimento", + "esacerbamento", + "inasprimento", + "peggioramento", + "riacutizzazione", + "rincrudimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing something with the result that it becomes worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downturn", + "downswing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worsening of business or economic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downspin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift and dangerous downturn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilation", + "airing" + ], + "it": [ + "aerazione", + "aereazione", + "areazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repair", + "fix", + "fixing", + "fixture", + "mend", + "mending", + "reparation" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiustamento", + "aggiustatura", + "rassettatura", + "riattamento", + "ripristino", + "ammenda", + "riparazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting something in working order again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darning" + ], + "it": [ + "rammendatura", + "rammendo", + "rappezzatura", + "ripezzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mending a hole in a garment with crossing threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patching" + ], + "it": [ + "rattoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mending a hole in a garment by sewing a patch over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care", + "maintenance", + "upkeep" + ], + "it": [ + "manutenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity involved in maintaining something in good working order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keeping a camera in good working order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keeping a car in good working order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio dell'olio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replacing dirty oil with clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhaul", + "inspection and repair", + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "revisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periodic maintenance on a car or machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interim overhaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overhaul between the regular times for overhauling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band aid", + "quick fix", + "quickie", + "quicky" + ], + "it": [ + "soluzione tampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurried repair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restoration" + ], + "it": [ + "restaurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the restoration of run-down urban areas by the middle class (resulting in the displacement of low-income residents)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclamation", + "renewal", + "rehabilitation" + ], + "it": [ + "bonifica", + "bonificamento", + "bonificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconstruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of constructing something again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastylosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the archeological reassembly of ruined monuments from fallen or decayed fragments (incorporating new materials when necessary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete reconstruction and renovation of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassembly", + "refabrication" + ], + "it": [ + "ricomposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assembling again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-formation", + "regeneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forming again (especially with improvements or removal of defects); renewing and reconstituting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuilding" + ], + "it": [ + "ricostruzione", + "riedificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restitution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restoring something to its original state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump priming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introducing water into a pump to improve the seal and start the water flowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheduled maintenance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintenance at a regularly scheduled time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam fitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care (installation and maintenance) of equipment for ventilating or heating or refrigerating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaching", + "coaching job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job of a professional coach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engagement", + "booking" + ], + "it": [ + "impegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booking for musicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degradation", + "debasement" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrutimento", + "degradazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing to a lower state (a less respected state)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehumanization", + "dehumanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of degrading people with respect to their best qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalization", + "brutalisation", + "animalization", + "animalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrutimento", + "imbrutimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that makes people cruel or lacking normal human qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbarization", + "barbarisation" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarbarimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that makes people primitive and uncivilized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastardization", + "bastardisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that debases or corrupts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruption", + "subversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroying someone's (or some group's) honesty or loyalty; undermining moral integrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demoralization", + "demoralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroying the moral basis for a doctrine or policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stultification", + "constipation", + "impairment", + "deadening" + ], + "it": [ + "vanificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something futile and useless (as by routine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularization", + "popularisation", + "vulgarization", + "vulgarisation" + ], + "it": [ + "divulgazione", + "volgarizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something attractive to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profanation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degradation of something worthy of respect; cheapening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humiliation", + "abasement" + ], + "it": [ + "abbiosciamento", + "avvilimento", + "invilimento", + "umiliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depriving one of self-esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decline to a lower status or level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of color" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that changes the light that something reflects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitening", + "lightening" + ], + "it": [ + "scoloramento", + "scolorimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing to a lighter color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleach" + ], + "it": [ + "candeggio", + "scolorimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of whitening something by bleaching it (exposing it to sunlight or using a chemical bleaching agent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the act of causing a plant to develop without chlorophyll by growing it without exposure to sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackening", + "darkening" + ], + "it": [ + "anneramento", + "annerimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing to a darker color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obfuscation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darkening or obscuring the sight of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discoloration", + "discolouration" + ], + "it": [ + "decolorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the natural color of something by making it duller or dingier or unnatural or faded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloring", + "colouring" + ], + "it": [ + "colorazione", + "coloritura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of changing the color of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding a tinge of color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair coloring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dyeing or tinting one's hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyeing" + ], + "it": [ + "tintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of dye to change the color of something permanently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gram's method", + "Gram method", + "Gram's procedure", + "Gram's stain", + "Gram stain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a staining technique used to classify bacteria; bacteria are stained with gentian violet and then treated with Gram's solution; after being decolorized with alcohol and treated with safranine and washed in water, those that retain the gentian violet are Gram-positive and those that do not retain it are Gram-negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environmentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of protecting the environment from pollution or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixation", + "fixing" + ], + "it": [ + "fissaggio", + "fissazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(histology) the preservation and hardening of a tissue sample to retain as nearly as possible the same relations they had in the living body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soiling", + "soilure", + "dirtying" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrattatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of soiling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staining", + "spotting", + "maculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spotting or staining something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contamination", + "pollution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust contamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contaminating with dust particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wetting" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submersion", + "immersion", + "ducking", + "dousing" + ], + "it": [ + "immersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of wetting something by submerging it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drenching", + "soaking", + "souse", + "sousing" + ], + "it": [ + "ammollamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something completely wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moistening", + "dampening" + ], + "it": [ + "inumidimento", + "umettazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something slightly wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash", + "splashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scattering water about haphazardly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watering" + ], + "it": [ + "annaffiamento", + "annaffiata", + "annaffiatura", + "innaffiamento", + "innaffiata", + "innaffiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wetting with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle", + "sprinkling", + "sparge" + ], + "it": [ + "annaffiamento", + "annaffiatura", + "innaffiamento", + "innaffiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sprinkling or splashing water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chew", + "chewing", + "mastication", + "manduction" + ], + "it": [ + "masticazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chomping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of chewing noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumbling", + "gumming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ineffectual chewing (as if without teeth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of ruminants) chewing (the cud)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruxism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntarily or unconsciously clenching or grinding the teeth, typically during sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defoliation" + ], + "it": [ + "defogliazione", + "defoliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causing the leaves of trees and other plants to fall off (as by the use of chemicals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion", + "movement", + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "spostamento", + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing location from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movement" + ], + "it": [ + "circolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the location of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "approaching", + "coming" + ], + "it": [ + "avvicinamento", + "raccostamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drawing spatially closer to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of approaching or entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back door", + "backdoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret or underhand means of access (to a place or a position)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closing", + "closure" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approaching a particular destination; a coming closer; a narrowing of a gap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing approach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the approach to a landing field by an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshoot", + "wave-off", + "go-around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approach that fails and gives way to another attempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progress", + "progression", + "procession", + "advance", + "advancement", + "forward motion", + "onward motion" + ], + "it": [ + "andamento", + "avanzamento", + "avanzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effort to advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career", + "life history" + ], + "it": [ + "carriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general progression of your working or professional life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain sailing", + "clear sailing", + "easy going" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "easy unobstructed progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locomotion", + "travel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-propelled movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swinging by the arms from branch to branch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk", + "walking" + ], + "it": [ + "caminata", + "camminata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of traveling by foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amble", + "promenade", + "saunter", + "stroll", + "perambulation" + ], + "it": [ + "passeggiatina", + "giretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leisurely walk (usually in some public place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramble", + "meander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aimless amble on a winding course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular walk taken as a form of exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ], + "it": [ + "caminata", + "camminata", + "passeggiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of walking somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepwalking", + "somnambulism", + "somnambulation", + "noctambulism", + "noctambulation" + ], + "it": [ + "sonnambolismo", + "sonnambulismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking by a person who is asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep talking", + "somniloquy", + "somniloquism" + ], + "it": [ + "sonniloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uttering speech while asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento compiuto dagli arti inferiori per camminare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace", + "stride", + "tread" + ], + "it": [ + "calpestio", + "scalpicciamento", + "scalpiccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a step in walking or running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a step in dancing (especially in classical ballet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light or nimble tread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidestep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a step to one side (as in boxing or dancing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gait" + ], + "it": [ + "andatura", + "caminata", + "camminata", + "incedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's manner of walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitch", + "hobble", + "limp" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "andatura claudicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the uneven manner of walking that results from an injured leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse's manner of moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow gait of a horse in which two feet are always on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack", + "single-foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid gait of a horse in which each foot strikes the ground separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easy gait of a horse; midway between a walk and a trot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trot" + ], + "it": [ + "trotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gait faster than a walk; diagonally opposite legs strike the ground together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rising trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rider rises from the saddle every second stride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitting trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rider sits still in the saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressage" + ], + "it": [ + "dressage", + "addestramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maneuvers of a horse in response to body signals by the rider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvet", + "vaulting" + ], + "it": [ + "falcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light leap by a horse in which both hind legs leave the ground before the forelegs come down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piaffe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cadenced trot executed by the horse in one spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canter", + "lope" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo galoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth three-beat gait; between a trot and a gallop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallop" + ], + "it": [ + "galoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast gait of a horse; a two-beat stride during which all four legs are off the ground simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footstep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking a step in walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hike", + "hiking", + "tramp" + ], + "it": [ + "escursione", + "escursione a piedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long difficult walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of walking with exaggerated jerky motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch", + "stumble", + "stagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsteady uneven gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking with slow regular strides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking with a swaying gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a careless leisurely gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gait in which steps and hops alternate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk", + "angry walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff or threatening gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strut", + "prance", + "swagger" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "andatura spavalda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proud stiff pompous gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch", + "lunge" + ], + "it": [ + "affondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving forward suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking with short steps and the weight tilting from one foot to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march", + "marching" + ], + "it": [ + "marcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a march in the reverse direction or back along the same route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose step" + ], + "it": [ + "passo dell'oca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of marching with legs straight and swinging high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last walk of a condemned person to the execution place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockstep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of marching in file in which each person's leg moves with and behind the corresponding leg of the person ahead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promenade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a march of all the guests at the opening of a formal dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marching at quick time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "routemarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long training march for troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plodding", + "plod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of walking with a slow heavy gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of prowling (walking about in a stealthy manner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonwalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exploratory walk by an astronaut on the surface of the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perambulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walk around a territory (a parish or manor or forest etc.) in order to officially assert and record its boundaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking a short walk out and back" + ], + "it": [ + "spostarsi, camminare senza una meta definita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamble", + "shambling", + "shuffle", + "shuffling" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "passo strascicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking with a slow dragging motion without lifting your feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any kind of physical activity outside a spacecraft by one of the crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonwalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of dance step in which the dancer seems to be sliding on the spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking with your feet in shallow water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nomadic excursions into the bush made by an Aborigine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public stroll by a celebrity to meet people informally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walking trip or tour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of walking in order to view something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "running" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of running; traveling on foot at a fast pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog", + "trot", + "lope" + ], + "it": [ + "corsetta", + "trottata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow pace of running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogtrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady trot like that of a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash", + "sprint" + ], + "it": [ + "scatto", + "sprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) a rapid dash to get a shot as soon as possible after taking possession of the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden dash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl", + "crawling", + "creep", + "creeping" + ], + "it": [ + "carponi", + "strisciamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap", + "circle", + "circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement once around a course" + ], + "it": [ + "la lunghezza del percorso della pista di uno stadio, di un velodromo, di un circuito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace lap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first lap of a car race that prepares the cars for a fast start" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victory lap", + "lap of honour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lap by the winning person or team run to celebrate the victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "traveling", + "travelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of going from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumnavigation" + ], + "it": [ + "circumnavigazione", + "periplo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveling around something (by ship or plane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peregrination" + ], + "it": [ + "peregrinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveling or wandering around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procession" + ], + "it": [ + "processione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group action of a collection of people or animals or vehicles moving ahead in more or less regular formation" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio di persone o case in una strada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traversal", + "traverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wandering", + "roving", + "vagabondage" + ], + "it": [ + "sviamento", + "vagabondaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travelling about without any clear destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wayfaring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveling (especially on foot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aimless wandering from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveling across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ford", + "fording" + ], + "it": [ + "guado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallow fording" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fording at a shallow place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep fording" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fording at a deep place in the stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traversal", + "traverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking a zigzag path on skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourism", + "touristry" + ], + "it": [ + "turismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of providing services to tourists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecotourism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driving" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of controlling and steering the movement of a vehicle or animal" + ], + "it": [ + "l'azione del guidare, specialmente un veicolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motoring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of driving an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding", + "horseback riding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by being carried on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capturing cattle or horses with a lasso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronco busting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking a bronco to saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endurance riding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding for long hours over long distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack riding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding with a pack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail riding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding along a roughly blazed path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf roping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capturing a calf with a lasso and binding its feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steer roping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capturing a steer with a lasso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air travel", + "aviation", + "air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel via aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scheduled trip by plane between designated airports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connecting flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight with an intermediate stop and a change of aircraft (possibly a change of airlines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight with one or more intermediate stops but no change of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight that begins and ends in the same country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight that takes off in one country and lands in another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonstop flight", + "nonstop" + ], + "it": [ + "trasvolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight made without intermediate stops between source and destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeye", + "redeye flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a night flight from which the passengers emerge with eyes red from lack of sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight", + "flying" + ], + "it": [ + "volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of traveling by air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrobatics", + "aerobatics", + "stunting", + "stunt flying" + ], + "it": [ + "acrobazia", + "acrobazie aeree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of stunts while in flight in an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind flying", + "blind landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using only instruments for flying an aircraft because you cannot see through clouds or mists etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballooning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying in a balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flyover", + "fly-by", + "flypast" + ], + "it": [ + "parata aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight at a low altitude (usually of military aircraft) over spectators on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glide", + "gliding", + "sailplaning", + "soaring", + "sailing" + ], + "it": [ + "veleggio", + "volovelismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of flying a glider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang gliding" + ], + "it": [ + "deltaplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gliding in a hang glider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "parachuting" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descent with a parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skydiving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performing acrobatics in free fall before pulling the ripcord of a parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first flight of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i36999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasailing", + "paragliding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gliding in a parasail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overflight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight by an aircraft over a particular area (especially over an area in foreign territory)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight or run by an aircraft over a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight in which the aircraft pilot is unaccompanied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sortie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) an operational flight by a single aircraft (as in a military operation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touchdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landing (as the wheels touch the landing field); especially of airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircraft landing", + "airplane landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "landing an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground-controlled approach", + "GCA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aircraft landing in bad weather in which the pilot is talked down by ground control using precision approach radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash landing" + ], + "it": [ + "atterraggio di fortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emergency landing under circumstances where a normal landing is impossible (usually damaging the aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-point landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landing in which all three wheels of the aircraft touch the ground at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft landing made entirely by means of instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splashdown" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landing of a spacecraft in the sea at the end of a space flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a departure; especially of airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailspin", + "spin" + ], + "it": [ + "avvitamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrain flight", + "low level flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flight at very low altitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journey", + "journeying" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of traveling from one place to another" + ], + "it": [ + "spostamento da un luogo a un altro, specialmente con un mezzo di trasporto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage", + "leg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section or portion of a journey or course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by stagecoach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the distance traveled by a sailing vessel on a single tack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare-stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section along the route of a bus for which the fare is the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long haul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey over a long distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey by dogsled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odyssey" + ], + "it": [ + "odissea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long wandering and eventful journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip" + ], + "it": [ + "giro", + "gita", + "viaggio organizzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)" + ], + "it": [ + "percorso secondo un itinerario stabilito con uno scopo preciso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trip taken by an official at public expense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round trip" + ], + "it": [ + "andata e ritorno", + "viaggio di andata e ritorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trip to some place and back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "transit" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey usually by ship" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggio in nave e raltivo prezzo pagato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ride in a car" + ], + "it": [ + "breve tragitto compiuto gratuitamente su un veicolo di proprietà altrui" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joyride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ride in a car taken solely for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short drive in a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey organized for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scouting trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expedition undertaken to gain information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign", + "hunting expedition", + "safari" + ], + "it": [ + "safari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploration", + "geographic expedition" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to travel for the purpose of discovery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digression", + "excursion" + ], + "it": [ + "digressione", + "disgressione", + "escursione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wandering from the main path of a journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trek" + ], + "it": [ + "scarpinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long and difficult trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlep", + "shlep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tedious or difficult journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey by ox wagon (especially an organized migration by a group of settlers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tour", + "circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sightseeing tour of a building or institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended cultural tour of Europe taken by wealthy young Englishmen (especially in the 18th century) as part of their education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itineration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "journeying from place to place preaching or lecturing; a preaching tour or lecturing tour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "on the road", + "on tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travelling about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilgrimage", + "pilgrim's journey" + ], + "it": [ + "pellegrinaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey to a sacred place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excursion", + "jaunt", + "outing", + "junket", + "pleasure trip", + "expedition", + "sashay" + ], + "it": [ + "escursione", + "gita", + "scorribanda", + "uscita", + "viaggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey taken for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junketing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking an excursion for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short excursion (a walk or ride) in the open air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group excursion (to a museum or the woods or some historic place) for firsthand examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voyage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey to some distant place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "cammino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journey or passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean trip", + "voyage" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "viaggio per mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of traveling by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise", + "sail" + ], + "it": [ + "crociera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ocean trip taken for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden voyage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first voyage of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "navigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voyage across a body of water (usually across the Atlantic Ocean)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passage through a lock in a canal or waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaceflight", + "space travel", + "spacefaring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water travel", + "seafaring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding in a sailboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luff" + ], + "it": [ + "orzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sailing close to the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of beating to windward; sailing as close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ministry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a minister of religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack" + ], + "it": [ + "bordata", + "bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sailing a zigzag course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seafaring", + "navigation", + "sailing" + ], + "it": [ + "navigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a sailor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabotage" + ], + "it": [ + "cabotaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigation in coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boating", + "yachting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water travel for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bareboating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boating by chartering a bareboat and providing your own crew and provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutation", + "commuting" + ], + "it": [ + "pendolarismo", + "pendolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the travel of a commuter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displacement", + "deracination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move something from its natural environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transportation", + "transport", + "transfer", + "transferral", + "conveyance" + ], + "it": [ + "trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving something from one location to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transshipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transfer from one conveyance to another for shipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airlift", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte aereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transportation of people or goods by air (especially when other means of access are unavailable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlin airlift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection", + "connexion" + ], + "it": [ + "coincidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shifting from one form of transportation to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delivery", + "bringing" + ], + "it": [ + "consegna", + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "driving a bovine herd (as cows or bulls or steers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "transumanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of driving a herd of animals overland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airdrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delivery of supplies or equipment or personnel by dropping them by parachute from an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consignment" + ], + "it": [ + "consegna", + "partita", + "rimessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delivery of goods for sale or disposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "handing over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of passing something to another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delivery and collection of letters and packages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service", + "serving", + "service of process" + ], + "it": [ + "notifica", + "notificamento", + "notificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of passing something along from one person or group to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of carrying something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking aboard passengers or freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packing", + "backpacking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrying something in a pack on the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of carrying something piggyback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireman's carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of carrying a person over your shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrying boats and supplies overland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porterage" + ], + "it": [ + "facchinaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transportation of burdens by porters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursuit", + "chase", + "pursual", + "following" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia", + "inseguimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailing", + "tracking" + ], + "it": [ + "cerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadowing", + "tailing" + ], + "it": [ + "pedinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of following someone secretly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk", + "stalking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of following prey stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild-goose chase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruitless pursuit of something unattainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insertion", + "introduction", + "intromission" + ], + "it": [ + "inserimento", + "inserzione", + "introduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting one thing into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannulation", + "canulation", + "cannulization", + "cannulisation", + "canulization", + "canulisation", + "intubation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the insertion of a cannula or tube into a hollow body organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catheterization", + "catheterisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation of introducing a catheter into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instillation", + "instillment", + "instilment" + ], + "it": [ + "instillazione", + "istillazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of a liquid (by pouring or injection) drop by drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclosure", + "enclosing", + "envelopment", + "inclosure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enclosing something inside something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packing", + "boxing" + ], + "it": [ + "imballaggio", + "imballo", + "incassatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enclosure of something in a package or box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of binding something into a bundle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encasement", + "incasement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enclosing something in a case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidural injection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injection of an anesthetic substance into the epidural space of the spinal cord in order to produce epidural anesthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intradermal injection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injection into the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intramuscular injection" + ], + "it": [ + "intramuscolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injection into a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous injection" + ], + "it": [ + "endovena", + "endovenosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injection into a vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix" + ], + "it": [ + "buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something craved, especially an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcutaneous injection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injection under the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange transfusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow removal of a person's blood and its replacement with equal amounts of a donor's blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of pouring a liquid from one vessel to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfusion", + "blood transfusion" + ], + "it": [ + "trasfusione", + "trasfusione di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of blood or blood plasma into a vein or artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfusion" + ], + "it": [ + "perfusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "ascent", + "ascension", + "ascending" + ], + "it": [ + "ascensione", + "ascesa", + "salita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing location in an upward direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of raising (a body) from the ground by presumably spiritualistic means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "heaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of lifting something with great effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funambulism", + "tightrope walking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking on a tightrope or slack rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb", + "mount" + ], + "it": [ + "arrampicata", + "ascesa", + "salita", + "scalata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of climbing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascent by or as if by a ladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward climb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of scaling by the use of ladders (especially the walls of a fortification)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain climbing", + "mountaineering" + ], + "it": [ + "alpinismo", + "ascensionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of climbing a mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpinism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain climbing (not restricted to the Alps)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock climbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport or pastime of scaling rock masses on mountain sides (especially with the help of ropes and special equipment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soar", + "zoom" + ], + "it": [ + "salita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rising upward into the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descent" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing your location in a downward direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive", + "nose dive", + "nosedive" + ], + "it": [ + "affondata", + "picchiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep nose-down descent by an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rappel", + "abseil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mountaineering) a descent of a vertical cliff or wall made by using a doubled rope that is fixed to a higher point and wrapped around the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift descent through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive of an airplane that is accelerated both by gravity and by the power of the engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid descent by a submarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dropping something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flop", + "collapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of throwing yourself down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowering", + "letting down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing something to move to a lower level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "swinging", + "vacillation" + ], + "it": [ + "dondolio", + "oscillazione", + "traballio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing location by moving back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of going back to a prior location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reentry" + ], + "it": [ + "rientro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of entering again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sending an accused person back into custody to await trial (or the continuation of the trial)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide", + "glide", + "coast" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving smoothly along a surface while remaining in contact with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slippage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failing to hold or slipping out of place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid", + "slip", + "sideslip" + ], + "it": [ + "derapage", + "sbandamento", + "sbandata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow", + "stream" + ], + "it": [ + "deflusso", + "fiumana", + "fiume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowboarding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sliding down a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "spillage", + "release" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of allowing a fluid to escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "overflow", + "outpouring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effusion" + ], + "it": [ + "effusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl" + ], + "it": [ + "passo di lumaca", + "passo lento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very slow movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed", + "speeding", + "hurrying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing location rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceleration", + "quickening", + "speedup" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerata", + "accelerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of accelerating; increasing the speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceleration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decelerating; decreasing the speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scud", + "scudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving along swiftly (as before a gale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation", + "displacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of uniform movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplant", + "transplantation", + "transplanting" + ], + "it": [ + "trapianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing something from one location and introducing it in another location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement of military units to a new location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift", + "shifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion", + "movement", + "move", + "motility" + ], + "it": [ + "mossa", + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change of position that does not entail a change of location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abduction" + ], + "it": [ + "abduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adduction" + ], + "it": [ + "adduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) moving of a body part toward the central axis of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of agitating something; causing it to move around (usually vigorously)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motion of the body by a player as if to make an object already propelled go in the desired direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular movement of a limb or eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disturbing something or someone; setting something in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal movement", + "foetal movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion of a fetus within the uterus (usually detected by the 16th week of pregnancy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flit", + "dart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden quick movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesture" + ], + "it": [ + "atto", + "gesto", + "moto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headshake", + "headshaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning your head left and right to signify denial or disbelief or bemusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jab", + "jabbing", + "poke", + "poking", + "thrust", + "thrusting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp hand gesture (resembling a blow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ritual hand movement in Hindu religious dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclination", + "inclining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inclining; bending forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion", + "eversion", + "everting" + ], + "it": [ + "inversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning inside out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion", + "upending" + ], + "it": [ + "inversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turning upside down; setting on end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk", + "jerking", + "jolt", + "saccade" + ], + "it": [ + "scossa", + "sobbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt spasmodic movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short abrupt inclination (as of the head)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of nodding the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncontrolled nodding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination of the top half of the body forward and downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick", + "kicking" + ], + "it": [ + "battuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic thrusting movement of the legs as in swimming or calisthenics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kneel", + "kneeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supporting yourself on your knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch", + "pitch", + "pitching" + ], + "it": [ + "beccheggio", + "rollio", + "rullio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nystagmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involuntary movements of the eyeballs; its presence or absence is used to diagnose a variety of neurological and visual disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiological nystagmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small involuntary tremors of the eyeballs; when it is eliminated by stabilizing the image on the retina, visual perception fades rapidly from fatigue of the retinal receptors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotational nystagmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nystagmus caused by the body rotating rapidly; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid, jerky movement of the eyes between positions of rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post-rotational nystagmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nystagmus caused by suddenly stopping the rapid rotation of the body; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of opening something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "assestamento", + "assesto", + "assettamento", + "regolazione", + "riassestamento", + "riassetto", + "rimpasto", + "riordinamento", + "riordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing an arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle", + "juggling" + ], + "it": [ + "giochi di destrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rearranging things to give a misleading impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical chairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rearrangement that has no practical effect or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reordering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rearrangement in a different order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of changing the lineal order of objects in a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition", + "reversal" + ], + "it": [ + "trasposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reversing the order or place of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electricity) a rearrangement of the relative positions of power lines in order to minimize the effects of mutual capacitance and inductance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing", + "overtaking" + ], + "it": [ + "sorpasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "going by something that is moving in order to get in front of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffle", + "shuffling", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolata", + "mischiata", + "rigirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mixing cards haphazardly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshuffle", + "reshuffling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shuffling again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shuffling by splitting the pack and interweaving the two halves at their corners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of small (usually idle) twists or turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostration" + ], + "it": [ + "prostrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming a prostrate position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "reaching", + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of physically reaching or thrusting out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternating back-and-forth movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming or maintaining a reclining position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pulling or holding or drawing a part back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroflection", + "retroflexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotation", + "rotary motion" + ], + "it": [ + "rotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rotating as if on an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumvolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning or winding or folding around a central axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather", + "feathering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turning an oar parallel to the water between pulls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyration", + "whirling" + ], + "it": [ + "roteamento", + "roteazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rotating in a circle or spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning on (or as if on) a pivot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin", + "twirl", + "twist", + "twisting", + "whirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rotating rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying downward in a helical path with a large radius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirouette" + ], + "it": [ + "piroetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a rapid spin of the body (especially on the toes as in ballet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birling", + "logrolling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotating a log rapidly in the water (as a competitive sport)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutting", + "closing" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of closing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming or maintaining a seated position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitting", + "posing" + ], + "it": [ + "posa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of snapping the fingers; movement of a finger from the tip to the base of the thumb on the same hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squat", + "squatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming or maintaining a crouching position with the knees bent and the buttocks near the heels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ampio gesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in an arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supination" + ], + "it": [ + "supinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist", + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turning or twisting around (in place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "winding", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "avvolgimento", + "carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of winding or twisting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibration", + "quiver", + "quivering" + ], + "it": [ + "vibrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of vibrating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave" + ], + "it": [ + "onda", + "ondata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of direction", + "reorientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the direction in which something is oriented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning away or in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversion", + "reverse", + "reversal", + "turnabout", + "turnaround" + ], + "it": [ + "inversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turning in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "about-face", + "about turn" + ], + "it": [ + "dietro", + "dietro front", + "dietrofront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of pivoting 180 degrees, especially in a military formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "u-turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete reversal of direction of travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joggle", + "jiggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight irregular shaking motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agitating a liquid with an implement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wag", + "waggle", + "shake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causing to move repeatedly from side to side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worrying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving something by repeated tugs or pushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock", + "careen", + "sway", + "tilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pitching dangerously to one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset", + "overturn", + "turnover" + ], + "it": [ + "capovolgimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of upsetting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waver", + "flutter", + "flicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremor", + "shudder" + ], + "it": [ + "brivido", + "fremito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an involuntary vibration (as if from illness or fear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outreach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reaching out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assuming or maintaining an erect upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle", + "span" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sitting or standing astride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single complete movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keystroke", + "key stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stroke of a key; one depression of a key on a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiggle", + "wriggle", + "squirm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of wiggling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of course" + ], + "it": [ + "virata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the direction that you are moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "turning" + ], + "it": [ + "curva", + "girata", + "viraggio", + "virata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversion", + "deviation", + "digression", + "deflection", + "deflexion", + "divagation" + ], + "it": [ + "diversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turning aside (of your course or attention or concern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red herring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turn toward the side of the body that is on the south when the person is facing east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack", + "tacking" + ], + "it": [ + "accostata", + "bordeggiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the act of changing tack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of magnitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the amount or size of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "diminution", + "reduction", + "step-down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassamento", + "aguzzamento", + "assottigliamento", + "attenuazione", + "calo", + "decremento", + "decurtazione", + "diminuzione", + "impiccolimento", + "raccorciamento", + "restringimento", + "ridimensionamento", + "riduzione", + "rimpicciolimento", + "rimpiccolimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decreasing or reducing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing the amount or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing budgeted expenditures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay cut", + "salary cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing a salary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost cutting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting costs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price cutting", + "price cut" + ], + "it": [ + "riduzione dei prezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutting the price of merchandise to one lower than the usual or advertised price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spending cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing spending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderation", + "mitigation" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of lessening in severity or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowering" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing to become less" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapering" + ], + "it": [ + "assottigliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gradually lowering the size or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduction in quantity or rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service cutback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devaluation" + ], + "it": [ + "svalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reduction of something's value or worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devitalization", + "devitalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "devitalizzazione", + "museificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing the vitality of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evisceration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "altering something (as a legislative act or a statement) in such a manner as to reduce its value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extenuation", + "mitigation", + "palliation" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcimento", + "attenuazione", + "mitigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spasmolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relaxation or relief of muscle spasms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easing", + "easement", + "alleviation", + "relief" + ], + "it": [ + "alleggerimento", + "alleviamento", + "attenuazione", + "lenimento", + "sgravio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing something unpleasant (as pain or annoyance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-escalation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(war) a reduction in intensity (of a crisis or a war)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the easing of tensions or strained relations (especially between nations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "easing the severity of a pain or a disease without removing the cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberalization", + "liberalisation", + "relaxation" + ], + "it": [ + "liberalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making less strict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimization", + "minimisation" + ], + "it": [ + "minimizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing something to the least possible amount or degree or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decreasing something markedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumption", + "using up", + "expenditure" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consuming something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burnup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of fuel used up (as in a nuclear reactor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaustion" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exhausting something entirely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compression", + "compressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applying pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze", + "squeezing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gripping and pressing firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch", + "tweak" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squeeze with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompression", + "decompressing" + ], + "it": [ + "decompressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relieving pressure (especially bringing a compressed person gradually back to atmospheric pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensing", + "condensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing the density of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickening", + "inspissation" + ], + "it": [ + "addensamento", + "inspessimento", + "ispessimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of thickening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crush", + "crunch", + "compaction" + ], + "it": [ + "dirompimento", + "maciullamento", + "stritolamento", + "stritolatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of crushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind", + "mill", + "pulverization", + "pulverisation" + ], + "it": [ + "macinatura", + "macinazione", + "molitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of grinding to a powder or dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrusion", + "expulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "estrusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeezing out by applying pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortening" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviamento", + "abbreviazione", + "accorciamento", + "accorciatura", + "scorciamento", + "scorciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of decreasing in length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbreviation" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shortening something by omitting parts of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cutting", + "cutting off" + ], + "it": [ + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shortening something by chopping off the ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severance", + "severing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of severing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip", + "clipping", + "snip" + ], + "it": [ + "ritaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of clipping or snipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haircut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim", + "trimming", + "clipping" + ], + "it": [ + "rasatura", + "spuntata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutting down to the desired size or shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruning" + ], + "it": [ + "potatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of trimming a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removing by cutting off or clipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of shearing sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming less" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniaturization", + "miniaturisation" + ], + "it": [ + "miniaturizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of making on a greatly reduced scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtraction", + "deduction" + ], + "it": [ + "defalco", + "detrazione", + "deduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portion removed from the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deducting from an employee's salary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abatement of a nuisance", + "nuisance abatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the removal or termination or destruction of something that has been found to be a nuisance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asbestos abatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of asbestos from a public building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attrition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rubbing together; wearing something down by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of letting the air out of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount", + "price reduction", + "deduction" + ], + "it": [ + "abbuono", + "bonifico", + "sconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reducing prices back to some earlier level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reducing the strength of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilt", + "wilting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causing to become limp or drooping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilution" + ], + "it": [ + "annacquamento", + "diluizione", + "diluzione", + "stemperamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakening (reducing the concentration) by the addition of water or a thinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of weakening by stunting the growth or development of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting", + "thinning" + ], + "it": [ + "diluizione", + "diluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of diluting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase", + "step-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addition" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiunta", + "giunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding one thing to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding a component or accessory to something that did not have it when it was manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "rise" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento", + "caro", + "lievitazione", + "rialzo", + "rincaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in price or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciation" + ], + "it": [ + "apprezzamento", + "rivalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in price or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in price or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surge", + "upsurge" + ], + "it": [ + "impeto", + "ondata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden or abrupt strong increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoridation", + "fluoridization", + "fluoridisation" + ], + "it": [ + "fluorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the addition of a fluoride to the water supply (to prevent dental decay)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of augmenting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplification" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the act of increasing voltage or power or current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decreasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion", + "enlargement" + ], + "it": [ + "allargatura", + "ampliamento", + "espandimento", + "espansione", + "estensione", + "allargamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilation", + "dilatation" + ], + "it": [ + "dilatazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expanding an aperture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasodilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dilation of blood vessels (especially the arteries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distention", + "distension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expanding by pressure from within" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of expanding by lengthening or widening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of stretching something tight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalation" + ], + "it": [ + "escalation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase to counteract a perceived discrepancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximization", + "maximisation", + "maximation" + ], + "it": [ + "massimizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of raising to the highest possible point or condition or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflation" + ], + "it": [ + "gonfiamento", + "gonfiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of filling something with air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expanding something in apparent size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exaggeration" + ], + "it": [ + "gonfiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something more noticeable than usual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of expanding in scope; making more widely available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "spreading" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spread or transmission of something (as news or money) to a wider group or area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recirculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulation again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispersion", + "dispersal", + "dissemination", + "diffusion" + ], + "it": [ + "dispersione", + "spandimento", + "spanditura", + "spargimento", + "sparpagliamento", + "sparpaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dispersing or diffusing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop-dusting", + "spraying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dispersion of fungicides or insecticides or fertilizer on growing crops (often from a low-flying aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter", + "scattering", + "strewing" + ], + "it": [ + "dispersione", + "sparpagliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scattering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal and usually permanent contraction of a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension" + ], + "it": [ + "estensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of stretching or straightening out a flexed limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperextension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greater than normal extension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraction", + "muscular contraction", + "muscle contraction" + ], + "it": [ + "contrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) a shortening or tensing of a part or organ (especially of a muscle or muscle fiber)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sustained muscular contraction resulting from a rapid series of nerve impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uterine contraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic tightening in labor of the upper uterine musculature that contracts the size of the uterus and pushes the fetus toward the birth canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braxton-Hicks contraction", + "false labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painless contractions of the muscles of the uterus that continue throughout pregnancy with increasing frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaginismus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular contraction that causes the vagina to close; usually an anxiety reaction before coitus or pelvic examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extension to or beyond the ordinary limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion", + "expanding upon" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adding information or detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplification", + "elaboration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annotation", + "annotating" + ], + "it": [ + "annotazione", + "notazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adding notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplementation", + "subjunction", + "subjoining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of supplementing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accumulation", + "accrual", + "accruement" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulazione", + "accumulo", + "affardellamento", + "ammassamento", + "cumulazione", + "se cose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of accumulating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buildup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of building up an accumulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit", + "deposition" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "testimonianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting something somewhere" + ], + "it": [ + "atto mediante il quale si deposita un bene presso una persona o un'istituzione, perché venga restituito a richiesta o allo scadere di un determinato periodo di tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repositing", + "reposition", + "storage", + "warehousing" + ], + "it": [ + "immagazzinaggio", + "immagazzinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depositing in a warehouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockpiling" + ], + "it": [ + "stoccaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulating and storing a reserve supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "inclusione", + "inserimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of including" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "including by incorporating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annexation", + "appropriation" + ], + "it": [ + "annessione", + "incorporazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporation by joining or uniting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggrandizement", + "aggrandisement", + "elevation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing the wealth or prestige or power or scope of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-aggrandizement", + "self-aggrandisement", + "ego trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act undertaken to increase your own power and influence or to draw attention to your own importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strengthening" + ], + "it": [ + "consolidamento", + "rinforzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing the strength of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensification" + ], + "it": [ + "intensificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action that makes something stronger or more extreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harsh or severe speech or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of increasing the contrast of (a photographic film)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggravation", + "exacerbation" + ], + "it": [ + "aggravamento", + "esasperazione", + "inasprimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervaporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concentration of a colloidal solution whose colloid will not pass through a semipermeable membrane; solution is placed in a bag of the membrane and the solvent is evaporated off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focalization", + "focalisation", + "focusing" + ], + "it": [ + "focalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing into focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refocusing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focusing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of integrity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the unity or wholeness of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakage", + "break", + "breaking" + ], + "it": [ + "frantumazione", + "rompimento", + "rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of breaking something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a sudden noisy break" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smashing", + "shattering" + ], + "it": [ + "frantumazione", + "sconquassamento", + "sfasciamento", + "sgretolamento", + "sgretolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of breaking something into small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture", + "crack", + "cracking" + ], + "it": [ + "rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cracking something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "chipping", + "splintering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of chipping something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion", + "burst" + ], + "it": [ + "esplosione", + "scoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exploding or bursting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of detonating an explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exploding a percussion cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulmination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exploding with noise and violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burning", + "combustion" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciamento", + "bruciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of burning something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arson", + "incendiarism", + "fire-raising" + ], + "it": [ + "incendio doloso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malicious burning to destroy property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition", + "firing", + "lighting", + "kindling", + "inflammation" + ], + "it": [ + "accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of setting something on fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incineration" + ], + "it": [ + "incenerimento", + "incinerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of burning something completely; reducing it to ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cremation" + ], + "it": [ + "cremazione", + "incinerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the incineration of a dead body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination", + "combining", + "compounding" + ], + "it": [ + "abbinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of combining things to form a new whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment", + "affixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of attaching or affixing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graft", + "grafting" + ], + "it": [ + "innesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of grafting something onto something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act causing a disorderly combination of elements with identities lost and distinctions blended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babel" + ], + "it": [ + "babele", + "babilonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confusion of voices and other sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix", + "commixture", + "admixture", + "mixture", + "intermixture", + "mixing" + ], + "it": [ + "impasto", + "mescolamento", + "mescolanza", + "mescolata", + "mescolatura", + "miscelatura", + "miscelazione", + "miscuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mixing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of fusing (or melting) together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend", + "blending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of blending components together thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confluence", + "conflux", + "merging" + ], + "it": [ + "confluenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenization", + "homogenisation" + ], + "it": [ + "omogeneizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something homogeneous or uniform in composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interspersion", + "interspersal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of combining one thing at intervals among other things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tempering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union", + "unification", + "uniting", + "conjugation", + "jointure" + ], + "it": [ + "unificazione", + "unione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making or becoming a single unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalescence", + "coalescency", + "coalition", + "concretion", + "conglutination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reunion", + "reunification" + ], + "it": [ + "ricongiungimento", + "ricongiunzione", + "riunificazione", + "riunimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coming together again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribalization", + "tribalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making tribal; unification on a tribal basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detribalization", + "detribalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decline or termination of tribal organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the function of uniting a group of similar things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homecoming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual school or university reunion for graduates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming open or being made open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanamento", + "separazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dividing or disconnecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "interruption", + "disruption", + "gap" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione", + "spezzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut-in", + "insert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(film) a still picture that is introduced and that interrupts the action of a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut-in", + "insert" + ], + "it": [ + "inserto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(broadcasting) a local announcement inserted into a network program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "avulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forcible tearing or surgical separation of one body part from another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociation" + ], + "it": [ + "dissociazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing from association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secession", + "withdrawal" + ], + "it": [ + "secessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal separation from an alliance or federation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal of eleven southern states from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakaway", + "breaking away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of breaking away or withdrawing from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disunion" + ], + "it": [ + "dissensione", + "disunione", + "disunitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination or destruction of union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disconnection", + "disjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of breaking a connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "compartitura", + "compartizione", + "divisione", + "ripartizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of dividing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division into parcels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaving or splitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bisection" + ], + "it": [ + "bisezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dividing into two equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dividing into four equal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schism", + "split" + ], + "it": [ + "scisma", + "scissione", + "scissura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "division of a group into opposing factions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cutting" + ], + "it": [ + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting something into parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutting so as to separate into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dividing by cutting or splitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slicing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting into slices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut made underneath to remove material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cutting" + ], + "it": [ + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of penetrating or opening open with a sharp edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notch", + "nick", + "snick" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione", + "intaccatura", + "intacco", + "tacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash", + "gash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong sweeping cut made with a sharp instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomization", + "atomisation", + "fragmentation" + ], + "it": [ + "frammentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separating something into fine particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branching", + "ramification", + "fork", + "forking" + ], + "it": [ + "diramazione", + "ramificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of branching out or dividing into branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifurcation" + ], + "it": [ + "biforcazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of splitting into two branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifurcation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of splitting into three branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divarication" + ], + "it": [ + "divaricamento", + "divaricazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branching at a wide angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or process of forming fibrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichotomization", + "dichotomisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dividing into two sharply different categories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantization", + "quantisation" + ], + "it": [ + "quantizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractionation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation into portions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pairing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of grouping things or people in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buddy system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative practice of pairing two or more people together for mutual assistance or safety (especially in recreational swimming)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match-up", + "matchup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pairing of people or things as for comparison or competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuation" + ], + "it": [ + "interpunzione", + "punteggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyphenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connecting syllables and words by hyphens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabication", + "syllabification" + ], + "it": [ + "sillabazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forming or dividing words into syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word division", + "hyphenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detachment", + "disengagement" + ], + "it": [ + "disinnesto", + "sgranamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of releasing from an attachment or connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laceration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of lacerating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent", + "rip", + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rending or ripping or splitting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "removal", + "remotion" + ], + "it": [ + "asportazione", + "asporto", + "resezione", + "rimozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing", + "drawing off" + ], + "it": [ + "estrazione", + "svinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of getting or draining something such as electricity or a liquid from a source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deriving something or obtaining something from a source or origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ], + "it": [ + "derivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing off water from its main channel as for irrigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing of fluid or inflammation away from a diseased part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscission", + "cutting off" + ], + "it": [ + "recisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting something off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstraction" + ], + "it": [ + "cavata", + "estrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withdrawing or removing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of taking out something (especially using effort or force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshing" + ], + "it": [ + "battitura", + "trebbia", + "trebbiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the separation of grain or seeds from the husks and straw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablation", + "extirpation", + "cutting out", + "excision" + ], + "it": [ + "ablazione", + "asportazione", + "escissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a body part or tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "autotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spontaneous removal or casting off of a body part (as the tail of a lizard or claw of a lobster) especially when the organism is injured or under attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decontamination" + ], + "it": [ + "decontaminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of contaminants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deleting something written or printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denudation", + "stripping", + "uncovering", + "baring", + "husking" + ], + "it": [ + "denudamento", + "denudazione", + "scartocciatura", + "spogliatura", + "svestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermabrasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of scars or tattoos by anesthetizing the skin surface and then sanding or scraping off some of the outer skin layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislodgment", + "dislodgement" + ], + "it": [ + "sloggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forced removal from a position of advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination", + "riddance" + ], + "it": [ + "eliminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing or getting rid of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination" + ], + "it": [ + "eliminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing an unknown mathematical quantity by combining equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumcision" + ], + "it": [ + "circoncisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of circumcising; surgical removal of the foreskin of males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emptying", + "voidance", + "evacuation" + ], + "it": [ + "svotamento", + "svuotamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing the contents of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain", + "drainage" + ], + "it": [ + "drenaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank withdrawal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal of money from your account at a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concerted action of depositors who try to withdraw their money from a bank because they think it will fail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinvestment" + ], + "it": [ + "disinvestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal of capital from a country or corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinse", + "rinsing" + ], + "it": [ + "risciacquata", + "risciacquatura", + "sciacquatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowdlerization", + "bowdlerisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deleting or modifying all passages considered to be indecent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expurgation", + "castration" + ], + "it": [ + "espurgazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deletion of objectionable parts from a literary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowdlerization", + "bowdlerisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written material that has been bowdlerized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censoring", + "censorship" + ], + "it": [ + "censura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deleting parts of publications or correspondence or theatrical performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowdlerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "censorship in the form of prudish expurgation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comstockery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "censorship because of perceived obscenity or immorality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expunction", + "expunging", + "erasure" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellatura", + "cassatura", + "frego", + "scancellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deletion by an act of expunging or erasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division", + "partition", + "partitioning", + "segmentation", + "sectionalization", + "sectionalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdivision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subdividing; division of something previously divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division or partitioning of a cavity into parts by a septum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformation", + "translation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing in form or shape or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) modification of a cell or bacterium by the uptake and incorporation of exogenous DNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete change in character or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revision", + "alteration" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione", + "cambiamento", + "conversione", + "divenire", + "mutamento", + "mutanza", + "mutazione", + "tramutazione", + "trasformazione", + "variamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of revising or altering (involving reconsideration and modification)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfiguration" + ], + "it": [ + "trasfigurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of transforming so as to exalt or glorify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmogrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing into a different form or appearance (especially a fantastic or grotesque one)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ], + "it": [ + "adattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing from one use or function or purpose to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afforestation" + ], + "it": [ + "imboschimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of bare or cultivated land into forest (originally for the purpose of hunting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reforestation", + "re-afforestation" + ], + "it": [ + "riforestazione", + "rimboscamento", + "rimboschimento", + "ripopolamento", + "ripopolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitation" + ], + "it": [ + "reinserimento", + "riabilitazione", + "ricupero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the restoration of someone to a useful place in society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correctional rehabilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing penal custody or probation or parole for convicted offenders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical rehabilitation", + "physical restoration", + "therapeutic rehabilitation" + ], + "it": [ + "riabilitazione", + "rieducazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing help for disabled persons; the removal or reduction of disabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urban renewal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clearing and rebuilding and redevelopment of urban slums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocational rehabilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing training in a specific trade with the aim of gaining employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinstatement" + ], + "it": [ + "reintegrazione", + "rintegrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restoring someone to a previous position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restoring to a more youthful condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refreshment", + "recreation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete change of physical form or substance especially as by magic or witchcraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfiguration", + "metamorphosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striking change in appearance or character or circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filling" + ], + "it": [ + "riempimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of filling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of soaking thoroughly with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardening" + ], + "it": [ + "indurimento", + "tempra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something harder (firmer or tighter or more compact)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annealing", + "tempering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardening something by heat treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage", + "harm", + "hurt", + "scathe" + ], + "it": [ + "detrimento", + "intaccamento", + "lesione", + "nocimento", + "nocumento", + "pregiudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of damaging something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impairment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage that results in a reduction of strength or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defacement", + "disfigurement", + "disfiguration" + ], + "it": [ + "deturpamento", + "deturpazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of damaging the appearance or surface of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wound", + "wounding" + ], + "it": [ + "ferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inflicting a wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage inflicted by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scald" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of burning with steam or hot water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "updating" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing something to bring it up to date (usually by adding something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action that changes the shape of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contortion", + "deformation" + ], + "it": [ + "contorsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of twisting or deforming the shape of something (e.g., yourself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of coiling or twisting or winding together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making angulate (having corners)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bending" + ], + "it": [ + "curvatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flexion", + "flexure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of bending a joint; especially a joint between the bones of a limb so that the angle between them is decreased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of flexing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending low with the limbs close to the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorsiflexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending backward (of the body or a body part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elongation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of lengthening something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending yourself into a humped position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurvation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of creating a curved shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involution", + "enfolding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of enfolding something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shaping into parallel ridges and grooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "folding" + ], + "it": [ + "piegamento", + "piegata", + "piegatura", + "ripiegatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of folding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plication", + "pleating" + ], + "it": [ + "pieghettatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of folding in parallel folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cutting into an edge with toothlike notches or angular incisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protrusion", + "projection", + "jut", + "jutting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of projecting out from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widening", + "broadening" + ], + "it": [ + "allargamento", + "allargatura", + "ampliamento", + "slargamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something wider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something narrower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activity" + ], + "it": [ + "attività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any specific behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domesticity" + ], + "it": [ + "vita di famiglia", + "vita domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic activities or life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned activity involving many people performing various actions" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di movimenti e azioni svolte in modo coordinato da più persone per la realizzazione di un piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation organized to free from danger or confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercover operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation involving secret work within a community or institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy-and-bust operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undercover operation by narcotics detectives to catch unsuspecting drug dealers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice", + "pattern" + ], + "it": [ + "abitudine", + "modello", + "pratica", + "schema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customary way of operation or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice", + "praxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translating an idea into action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biologism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of biological principles in explaining human especially social behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooperation" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborazione", + "cooperazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of cooperating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherbedding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice (usually by a labor union) of requiring an employer to hire more workers than are required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of scrupulous adherence to prescribed or external forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycophagy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of eating fungi (especially mushrooms collected in the wild)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-upmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of keeping one jump ahead of a friend or competitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of one person holding more than one benefice at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolism", + "symbolization", + "symbolisation" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practices typical of contemporary life or thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occult", + "occult arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supernatural practices and techniques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornamentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of ornamental display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannibalism" + ], + "it": [ + "antropofagia", + "cannibalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropophagy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "human cannibalism; the eating of human flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "careerism" + ], + "it": [ + "carrierismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of advancing your career at the expense of your personal integrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custom", + "usage", + "usance" + ], + "it": [ + "abitudine", + "consuetudine", + "costume", + "moda", + "modo", + "prammatica", + "rito", + "usanza", + "uso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accepted or habitual practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom that is peculiar to the United States or its citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglicism", + "Britishism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom that is peculiar to England or its citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consuetude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom or usage that has acquired the force of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couvade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom among some peoples whereby the husband of a pregnant wife is put to bed at the time of bearing the child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Germanism" + ], + "it": [ + "germanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom that is peculiar to Germany or its citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit", + "use" + ], + "it": [ + "abitudine", + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hijab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the custom in some Islamic societies of women dressing modestly outside the home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stereotyped behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquired behavior that is practiced so long it seems innate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual mode of behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "daily round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usual activities in your day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion" + ], + "it": [ + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characteristic or habitual practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobbyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of lobbying; the activities of a lobbyist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slavery", + "slaveholding" + ], + "it": [ + "schiavismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of owning slaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peonage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of making a debtor work for his creditor until the debt is discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way", + "path", + "way of life" + ], + "it": [ + "strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of conduct" + ], + "it": [ + "modo di vivere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archaic) roundabout or mysterious ways of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primrose path" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life of ease and pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight and narrow", + "strait and narrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way of proper and honest behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunnah", + "Sunna", + "hadith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) the way of life prescribed as normative for Muslims on the basis of the teachings and practices of Muhammad and interpretations of the Koran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warpath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course leading to warfare or battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of least resistance", + "path of least resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the easiest way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwritten law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law based on customary behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynch law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of punishing people by hanging without due process of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokehold", + "choke hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraining hold; someone loops the arm around the neck of another person in a tight grip, usually from behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrace", + "embracing", + "embracement" + ], + "it": [ + "abbraccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuddle", + "nestle", + "snuggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close and affectionate (and often prolonged) embrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hug", + "clinch", + "squeeze" + ], + "it": [ + "abbraccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight or amorous embrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistreatment" + ], + "it": [ + "maltrattamento", + "vessazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of treating (someone or something) badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of nonconformity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annoyance", + "annoying", + "irritation", + "vexation" + ], + "it": [ + "angheria", + "dispetto", + "disturbo", + "irritazione", + "molestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of troubling or annoying someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disregard", + "neglect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willful lack of care and attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contemptuous disregard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploitation", + "victimization", + "victimisation", + "using" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaxploitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exploitation of black people (especially with regard to stereotyped roles in movies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexploitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial exploitation of sex or sexuality or explicit sexual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harassment", + "molestation" + ], + "it": [ + "molestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tormenting by continued persistent attacks and criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maltreatment", + "ill-treatment", + "ill-usage", + "abuse" + ], + "it": [ + "maltrattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cruel or inhumane treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical or emotional or sexual mistreatment of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child neglect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persecution" + ], + "it": [ + "persecuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of repressing; control by holding down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impalement" + ], + "it": [ + "impalamento", + "impalatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of piercing with a sharpened stake as a form of punishment or torture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppression", + "subjugation" + ], + "it": [ + "oppressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subjugating by cruelty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pogrom" + ], + "it": [ + "pogrom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organized persecution of an ethnic group (especially Jews)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handing over prisoners to countries where torture is allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torture", + "torturing" + ], + "it": [ + "sevizie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate, systematic, or wanton infliction of physical or mental suffering by one or more persons in an attempt to force another person to yield information or to make a confession or for any other reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastinado", + "falanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture in which the soles of the feet are beaten with whips or cudgels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of foot torture in which the feet are encased in iron and slowly crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture in which cigarettes or cigars or other hot implements are used to burn the victim's skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifixion", + "excruciation" + ], + "it": [ + "tortura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the infliction of extremely painful punishment or suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genital torture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blunt or penetrating trauma or rape (vaginal or anal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judicial torture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "torture that is sanctioned by the state and executed by duly accredited officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kia quen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of foot torture used by the Chinese in which the victim's foot was placed between three pieces of bamboo and systematically squeezed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kittee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture used by American Indians in which sensitive parts of the body were squeezed between two boards until the victim could bear no more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail pulling", + "nail removal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture in which the fingernails or toenails are removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket", + "piquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of military punishment used by the British in the late 17th century in which a soldier was forced to stand on one foot on a pointed stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolonged interrogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of psychological torture inflicted by questioning the victim for hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture in which pain is inflicted by stretching the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory deprivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of all sensory input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep deprivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strappado", + "strapado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of torture in which the hands are tied behind a person's back and they are lifted off the ground by a rope tied to their wrists, then allowed to drop until their fall is checked with a jerk by the rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruelty", + "inhuman treatment" + ], + "it": [ + "crudeltà", + "empietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrocity", + "inhumanity" + ], + "it": [ + "atrocità", + "barbarità", + "efferatezza", + "inumanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of atrocious cruelty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutality", + "barbarity", + "barbarism", + "savagery" + ], + "it": [ + "barbarie", + "inciviltà", + "brutalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brutal barbarous savage act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wantonly cruel act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harassment especially of a tethered animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badgering", + "worrying", + "torment", + "bedevilment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of harassing someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exasperation" + ], + "it": [ + "esasperazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actions that cause great irritation (or even anger)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that irritates or demands immediate action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual harassment" + ], + "it": [ + "molestie sessuali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwelcome sexual behavior by a supervisor toward an employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "teasing", + "ribbing", + "tantalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously (especially by ridicule); provoking someone with persistent annoyances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch-hunt" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia alle streghe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "searching out and harassing dissenters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCarthyism" + ], + "it": [ + "maccartismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonialism" + ], + "it": [ + "colonialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country's resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neocolonialism" + ], + "it": [ + "neocolonialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control by a powerful country of its former colonies (or other less developed countries) by economic pressures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversion", + "recreation" + ], + "it": [ + "distrazione", + "diversivo", + "divertimento", + "diporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antic", + "joke", + "prank", + "trick", + "caper", + "put-on" + ], + "it": [ + "baia", + "birbonaggine", + "birbonata", + "birichinata", + "birichineria", + "bricconaggine", + "bricconata", + "bricconeria", + "buffonata", + "buffoneria", + "burla", + "burletta", + "canzonatura", + "corbellatura", + "gabbo", + "marachella", + "mascalzonata", + "monelleria", + "ragazzata", + "sbarazzinata", + "scherzo", + "uccellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathing" + ], + "it": [ + "bagno", + "balneazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immersing the body in water or sunshine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebration", + "festivity" + ], + "it": [ + "festività", + "gala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any joyous diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancing", + "dance", + "terpsichore", + "saltation" + ], + "it": [ + "ballo", + "danza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertainment", + "amusement" + ], + "it": [ + "diporto", + "distrazione", + "divertimento", + "intrattenimento", + "sollazzamento", + "spasso", + "svago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapade", + "lark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any carefree episode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape", + "escapism" + ], + "it": [ + "distrazione", + "escapismo", + "evasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to retreat from unpleasant realities through diversion or fantasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eurythmy", + "eurhythmy", + "eurythmics", + "eurhythmics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interpretation in harmonious bodily movements of the rhythm of musical compositions; used to teach musical understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fun", + "merriment", + "playfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "divertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activities that are enjoyable or amusing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambling", + "gaming", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco d'azzardo", + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)" + ], + "it": [ + "il cui esito, legato a una vincita in denaro, dipende quasi esclusivamente dal caso e dalla fortuna, senza che intervenga l'abilità del giocatore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco", + "balocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amusement or pastime" + ], + "it": [ + "attività svolta per divertimento, svago, passatempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jest", + "joke", + "jocularity" + ], + "it": [ + "scherzo", + "beffa", + "burla", + "canzonatura", + "baia", + "burletta", + "celia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity characterized by good humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightlife", + "night life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastime", + "interest", + "pursuit" + ], + "it": [ + "diporto", + "divertimento", + "passatempo", + "svago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "child's play" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco da bambino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "mamma e papà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "dottore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play in which children pretend to put out a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avocation", + "by-line", + "hobby", + "pursuit", + "sideline", + "spare-time activity" + ], + "it": [ + "hobby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auxiliary activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup of tea", + "bag", + "dish" + ], + "it": [ + "pane quotidiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that you like or at which you are superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confectionery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation and skills of a confectioner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport" + ], + "it": [ + "sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of athletes who compete for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact sport" + ], + "it": [ + "sport di contatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that necessarily involves body contact between opposing players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdoor sport", + "field sport" + ], + "it": [ + "sport all'aperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that is played outdoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnastics", + "gymnastic exercise" + ], + "it": [ + "ginnastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrobatics", + "tumbling" + ], + "it": [ + "acrobatica", + "acrobatismo", + "acrobazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gymnastic moves of an acrobat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobatic feat in which the trunk is bent backward from a standing position until the hands touch the floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feat in which an acrobat arches the back from a prone position and bends the knees until the toes touch the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backbends combined with handstands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acrobatic revolutions with the body turned sideways and the arms and legs outstretched like the spokes of a wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings when the gymnast supports himself with both arms extended horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise on the parallel bars in which the body is lowered and raised by bending and straightening the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double leg circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast (with legs together) swings his legs in a circle while alternating hands on the pommels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed on the horizontal bar by swinging around it with the body fully extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiopulmonary exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise intended to strengthen the circulatory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(gymnastics) an exercise designed to develop and display strength and agility and balance (usually performed with or on some gymnastic apparatus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handstand" + ], + "it": [ + "verticale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of supporting yourself by your hands alone in an upside down position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings or horizontal bar or parallel bars when the gymnast's weight is supported by the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bent hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hang performed with the elbows bent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inverted hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hang performed on the rings with the body upside down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lever hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hang performed on the rings with the body stationary in a horizontal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hang with the arms extended in back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hang performed on the rings or parallel bars with the body erect and the arms at the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piked reverse hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reverse hang performed on the rings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raising the feet backward with the hands on the ground; a first movement in doing a handstand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handspring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobatic feat in which a person goes from a standing position to a handstand and back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headstand" + ], + "it": [ + "verticale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobatic feat in which a person balances on the head (usually with the help of the hands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ], + "it": [ + "capriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobatic feat of rolling or turning end over end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ], + "it": [ + "spaccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extending the legs at right angles to the trunk (one in front and the other in back)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrobatic stunt", + "acrobatic feat" + ], + "it": [ + "acrobazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stunt performed by an acrobat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kip", + "upstart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed starting from a position with the legs over the upper body and moving to an erect position by arching the back and swinging the legs out and down while forcing the chest upright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise involving a long leap from a vaulting horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast moves his legs as the blades of scissors move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic exercise performed with a leg on either side of the parallel bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split", + "stock split", + "split up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse split", + "reverse stock split", + "split down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somersault", + "somerset", + "summersault", + "summerset", + "somersaulting", + "flip" + ], + "it": [ + "capriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobatic feat in which the feet roll over the head (either forward or backward) and return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip-flop" + ], + "it": [ + "flip-flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backward somersault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track and field" + ], + "it": [ + "atletica leggera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participating in athletic sports performed on a running track or on the field associated with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track", + "running" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of participating in an athletic competition in which you must jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad jump", + "long jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of jumping as far as possible from a running start" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high jump" + ], + "it": [ + "salto in alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of jumping as high as possible over a horizontal bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fosbury flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumping over the bar backwards and head first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skiing" + ], + "it": [ + "sci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport in which participants must travel on skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-country skiing" + ], + "it": [ + "sci di fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of skiing across the countryside (rather than downhill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski jumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of performing a jump on skis from a high ramp overhanging a snow covered slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standing turn made in skiing; one ski is raised to the vertical and pivoted backward to become parallel with the other ski but headed in the opposite direction and then the other ski is aligned with the first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem turn", + "stem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turn made in skiing; the back of one ski is forced outward and the other ski is brought parallel to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telemark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turn made in skiing; the outside ski is placed ahead and turned gradually inwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water sport", + "aquatics" + ], + "it": [ + "sport d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports that involve bodies of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming", + "swim" + ], + "it": [ + "notata", + "nuotata", + "nuoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea bathing" + ], + "it": [ + "bagni di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bathing in the sea or ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinny-dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naked swim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun bathing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immersing the body in sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip", + "plunge" + ], + "it": [ + "nuotatina", + "tuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief swim in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive", + "diving" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa", + "tuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headlong plunge into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating", + "natation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of someone who floats on the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead-man's float", + "prone float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floating position with the face down and arms stretched forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly flop", + "belly flopper", + "belly whop", + "belly whopper" + ], + "it": [ + "panciata", + "spanciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the abdomen bears the main force of impact with the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff diving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diving into the water from a steep overhanging cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the diver somersaults before entering the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gainer", + "full gainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward to complete a full backward somersault and enters the water feet first and facing away from the diving board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half gainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward and up to complete a half backward somersault and enters the water facing the diving board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackknife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the diver bends to touch the ankles before straightening out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan dive", + "swallow dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dive in which the diver arches the back with arms outstretched before entering the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin diving", + "skin-dive" + ], + "it": [ + "nuoto subacqueo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underwater swimming without any more breathing equipment than a snorkel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuba diving" + ], + "it": [ + "immersioni subacquee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin diving with scuba apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorkeling", + "snorkel diving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin diving with a snorkel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfing", + "surfboarding", + "surfriding" + ], + "it": [ + "surf", + "surfing", + "windsurf", + "windsurfing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of riding a surfboard toward the shore on the crest of a wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-skiing" + ], + "it": [ + "sci acquatico", + "sci d'acqua", + "sci nautico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skiing on water while being towed by a motorboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowing", + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "canottaggio", + "voga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rowing as a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rowing by a single oarsman in a racing shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxing", + "pugilism", + "fisticuffs" + ], + "it": [ + "boxe", + "pugilato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fighting with the fists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional boxing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxing for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-fighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxing at close quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxing or wrestling match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope-a-dope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxing tactic: pretending to be trapped against the ropes while your opponent wears himself out throwing punches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar", + "sparring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making the motions of attack and defense with the fists and arms; a part of training for a boxer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archery" + ], + "it": [ + "tiro con l'arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of shooting arrows with a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sledding" + ], + "it": [ + "slittino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobogganing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding on a long light sled with low handrails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding a light one-man toboggan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobsledding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding on a bobsled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestling", + "rassling", + "grappling" + ], + "it": [ + "lotta", + "lotta libera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of hand-to-hand struggle between unarmed contestants who try to throw each other down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling maneuver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greco-Roman wrestling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of wrestling where the wrestlers are forbidden to tackle or trip or use holds below the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional wrestling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrestling for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese form of wrestling; you lose if you are forced out of a small ring or if any part of your body (other than your feet) touches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skating" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of gliding on skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice skating" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinaggio sul ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skating on ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure skating" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinaggio artistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice skating where the skates trace outlines of selected figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollerblading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skating using Rollerblades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller skating" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinaggio a rotelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skating on wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skateboarding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of skating on a skateboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed skating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "competitive skating on speed skates (usually around an oval course)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of engaging in contests of speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto racing", + "car racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroplane racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "racing in high-speed motor boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camel racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing camels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greyhound racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing greyhounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse racing" + ], + "it": [ + "ippica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of racing thoroughbred horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding", + "horseback riding", + "equitation" + ], + "it": [ + "equitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of siting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equestrian sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that tests horsemanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony-trekking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport in which people ride across country on ponies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showjumping", + "stadium jumping" + ], + "it": [ + "concorso ippico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding horses in competitions over set courses to demonstrate skill in jumping over obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-country riding", + "cross-country jumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding horses across country over obstructions to demonstrate horsemanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycling" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycling" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclismo", + "velocipedismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorcycling" + ], + "it": [ + "motociclismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "riding a motorcycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dune cycling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bicycling or motorcycling on sand dunes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sport that involves killing animals (especially hunting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullfighting", + "tauromachy" + ], + "it": [ + "tauromachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity at a bullfight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockfighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participation in the sport of matching gamecocks in a cockfight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt", + "hunting" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hunt in which beaters force the game to flee in the direction of the hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beagling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting rabbits with beagles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canned hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hunt for animals that have been raised on game ranches until they are mature enough to be killed for trophy collections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coursing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer hunting", + "deer hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ducking", + "duck hunting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox hunting", + "foxhunt" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia alla volpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mounted hunters follow hounds in pursuit of a fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigsticking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sport of hunting wild boar with spears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farming", + "land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing", + "sportfishing" + ], + "it": [ + "pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of someone who fishes as a diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of catching fish for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly-fishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angling with an artificial fly as a lure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll", + "trolling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angling by drawing a baited line through the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casting", + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of throwing a fishing line out over the water by means of a rod and reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait casting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the single-handed rod casting of a relatively heavy (artificial) bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly casting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casting an artificial fly as a lure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cast that falls beyond the intended spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surf casting", + "surf fishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casting (artificial) bait far out into the ocean (up to 200 yards) with the waves breaking around you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-up", + "followup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco", + "partita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest with rules to determine a winner" + ], + "it": [ + "competizione regolata da norme convenzionali il cui esito dipende dall'abilità dei giocatori o dalla fortuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ], + "it": [ + "partita", + "giocata", + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single play of a sport or other contest" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle frazioni in cui si divide un incontro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played in daylight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played under artificial illumination at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "away game", + "road game" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played away from home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibition game", + "practice game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game whose outcome is not recorded in the season's standing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immediate second innings forced on a cricket team scoring a prescribed number of runs fewer than its opponents in the first innings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innings" + ], + "it": [ + "turno di battuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the batting turn of a cricket player or team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "giro", + "turno", + "volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession" + ], + "it": [ + "avvicendamento di persone in una data attività secondo un ordine stabilito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ], + "it": [ + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive move in a sport or game" + ], + "it": [ + "azione offensiva intesa a conseguire un vantaggio sull'avversario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening", + "chess opening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterattack", + "counterplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) an attack that is intended to counter the opponent's advantage in another part of the board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a complete play to advance the football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat", + "at-bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a turn trying to get a hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game to amuse guests at a party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer game", + "video game" + ], + "it": [ + "video game", + "videogame", + "videogioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played against a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtual reality" + ], + "it": [ + "realtà virtuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical three-dimensional visual world created by a computer; user wears special goggles and fiber optic gloves etc., and can enter and move about in this world and interact with objects as if inside it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinball", + "pinball game" + ], + "it": [ + "bigliardino", + "biliardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a sloping board; the object is to propel marbles against pins or into pockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachinko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese pinball game played on a vertical board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guessing game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which participants compete to identify some obscurely indicated thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charades" + ], + "it": [ + "sciarada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "player acts out a phrase for others to guess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ducks and drakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a flat stone is bounced along the surface of calm water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any game designed to exercise the intellect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper chase", + "hare and hounds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor game; one group of players (the hares) start off on a long run scattering bits of paper (the scent) and pursuers (the hounds) try to catch them before they reach a designated spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring-around-the-rosy", + "ring-around-a-rosy", + "ring-a-rosy" + ], + "it": [ + "girotondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a children's game in which the players dance around in a circle and at a given signal all squat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prisoner's base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a children's game; two teams capture opposing players by tagging them and taking them to their own base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure hunt" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia al tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players try to find hidden articles by using a series of clues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final game of a double header" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin bill", + "doubleheader", + "double feature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two games instead of one (especially in baseball when the same two teams play two games on the same day)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playoff game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one game in the series of games constituting a playoff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eliminating game between teams in a cup competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war game" + ], + "it": [ + "war game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simulation of a military operation intended to train military commanders or to demonstrate a situation or to test a proposed strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curling" + ], + "it": [ + "curling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on ice in which heavy stones with handles are slid toward a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling" + ], + "it": [ + "bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the ten divisions into which bowling is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenpins", + "tenpin bowling" + ], + "it": [ + "bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowling down an alley at a target of ten wooden pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninepins", + "skittles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling game that is played by rolling a bowling ball down a bowling alley at a target of nine wooden pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckpins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling game using a pin smaller than a tenpin but proportionately wider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlepins", + "candlepin bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling game using slender bowling pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawn bowling", + "bowls" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "gioco delle bocce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bocce", + "bocci", + "boccie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian bowling played on a long narrow dirt court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall-mall" + ], + "it": [ + "palla maglio", + "pallamaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 17th century game; a wooden ball was driven along an alley with a mallet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic game" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game involving athletic activity" + ], + "it": [ + "attività agonistica, disciplina, competizione sportiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice hockey", + "hockey", + "hockey game" + ], + "it": [ + "hockey", + "hockey su ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on an ice rink by two opposing teams of six skaters each who try to knock a flat round puck into the opponents' goal with angled sticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goalkeeper", + "goalie", + "goaltender", + "netkeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the defensive position on an ice hockey or soccer or lacrosse team who stands in front of the goal and tries to prevent opposing players from scoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetherball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game with two players who use rackets to strike a ball that is tethered to the top of a pole; the object is to wrap the string around the pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water polo" + ], + "it": [ + "palla nuoto", + "pallanuoto", + "water-polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played in a swimming pool by two teams of swimmers who try to throw an inflated ball into the opponents' goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdoor game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic game that is played outdoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf", + "golf game" + ], + "it": [ + "golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing golf for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round of golf", + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of playing 18 holes of golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medal play", + "stroke play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golf scoring by total strokes taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golf scoring by holes won" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature golf" + ], + "it": [ + "minigolf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novelty version of golf played with golf balls and putters on a miniature course featuring many obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet" + ], + "it": [ + "croquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players hit a wooden ball through a series of hoops; the winner is the first to traverse all the hoops and hit a peg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paintball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game that simulates military combat; players on one team try to eliminate players on the opposing team by shooting capsules of paint at them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quoits", + "horseshoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which iron rings (or open iron rings) are thrown at a stake in the ground in the hope of encircling it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffleboard", + "shovelboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players use long sticks to shove wooden disks onto the scoring area marked on a smooth surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor game played on a field of specified dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field hockey", + "hockey" + ], + "it": [ + "hockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game resembling ice hockey that is played on an open field; two opposing teams use curved sticks try to drive a ball into the opponents' net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shinny", + "shinney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple version of hockey played by children on the streets (or on ice or on a field) using a ball or can as the puck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football", + "football game" + ], + "it": [ + "football" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American football", + "American football game" + ], + "it": [ + "football americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional football" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "football played for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch football" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a version of American football in which the ball carrier is touched rather than tackled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurling" + ], + "it": [ + "hurling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rugby", + "rugby football", + "rugger" + ], + "it": [ + "rugby", + "palla ovale", + "pallovale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of football played with an oval ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rugby) knocking the ball forward while trying to catch it (a foul)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball game", + "ballgame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field game played with a ball (especially baseball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball", + "baseball game" + ], + "it": [ + "baseball", + "palla base", + "pallabase", + "partita di baseball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the game of baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional baseball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing baseball for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baseball as distinguished from softball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfect game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher does not allow any opposing player to reach base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-hit game", + "no-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team no hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-hitter", + "1-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only one hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-hitter", + "2-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 2 hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-hitter", + "3-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 3 hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-hitter", + "4-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 4 hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five-hitter", + "5-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 5 hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softball", + "softball game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game closely resembling baseball that is played on a smaller diamond and with a ball that is larger and softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rounders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English ball game similar to baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickball", + "stickball game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of baseball played in the streets with a rubber ball and broomstick handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run-up" + ], + "it": [ + "rincorsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the approach run during which an athlete gathers speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinaman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball bowled by a left-handed bowler to a right-handed batsman that spins from off to leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "googly", + "wrong 'un", + "bosie", + "bosie ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cricket ball bowled as if to break one way that actually breaks in the opposite way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlawfully delivered ball in cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game invented by American Indians; now played by two teams who use long-handled rackets to catch and carry and throw the ball toward the opponents' goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polo" + ], + "it": [ + "polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pushball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game using a leather ball six feet in diameter; the two side try to push it across the opponents' goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultimate frisbee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game between two teams whose players try to toss a Frisbee to one another until they cross the opponents goal; possession changes hands when the Frisbee is intercepted or touches the ground or goes out of bounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soccer", + "association football" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio", + "pallone", + "football" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or head a ball into the opponents' goal" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco tra due squadre di undici giocatori l'una che consiste nel mandare il pallone nella rete avversaria colpendolo con i piedi o con la testa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dribble", + "dribbling" + ], + "it": [ + "dribblaggio", + "dribbling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the propulsion of a ball by repeated taps or kicks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double dribble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal dribble in basketball (the player uses both hands to dribble or the player starts to dribble a second time after coming to a stop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic game played on a court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla muro", + "pallamuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played in a walled court or against a single wall by two or four players who strike a rubber ball with their hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racquetball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a handball court with short-handled rackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fives" + ], + "it": [ + "palla muro", + "pallamuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game resembling handball; played on a court with a front wall and two side walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash", + "squash racquets", + "squash rackets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volleyball", + "volleyball game" + ], + "it": [ + "palla a volo", + "palla volo", + "pallavolo", + "volleyball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jai alai", + "pelota" + ], + "it": [ + "pelota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Basque or Spanish game played in a court with a ball and a wickerwork racket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badminton" + ], + "it": [ + "volano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a court with light long-handled rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battledore", + "battledore and shuttlecock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient racket game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball", + "basketball game", + "hoops" + ], + "it": [ + "basket", + "pallacanestro", + "palla canestro", + "basketball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players; points are scored by throwing the ball through an elevated horizontal hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip-off", + "tap-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of starting a basketball game with a jump ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional basketball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing basketball for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game played mainly on board ocean liners; players toss a ring back and forth over a net that is stretched across a small court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "netball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team game that resembles basketball; a soccer ball is to be thrown so that it passes through a ring on the top of a post" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis", + "lawn tennis" + ], + "it": [ + "tennis", + "tennis sull'erba", + "pallacorda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played with rackets by two or four players who hit a ball back and forth over a net that divides the court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break of serve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equalizer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a score that makes the match even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing tennis for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tennis played with one person on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "badminton played with one person on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubles" + ], + "it": [ + "doppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tennis played with two players on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubles" + ], + "it": [ + "doppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "badminton played with two players on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal tennis", + "real tennis", + "court tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient form of tennis played in a four-walled court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian game similar to tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child's game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game enjoyed by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindman's bluff", + "blindman's buff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a children's game in which a blindfolded player tries to catch and identify other players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat and mouse", + "cat and rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game for children in which the players form a circle and join hands; they raise their hands to let a player inside the circle or lower their hands to bar a second player who is chasing the first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played with string looped over the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hide-and-seek", + "hide and go seek" + ], + "it": [ + "nascondarello", + "nascondino", + "rimpiattarello", + "rimpiatterello", + "rimpiattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a child covers his eyes while the other players hide then tries to find them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopscotch" + ], + "it": [ + "campana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a child tosses a stone into an area drawn on the ground and then hops through it and back to regain the stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacks", + "jackstones", + "knucklebones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackstraws", + "spillikins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players try to pick each jackstraw (or spillikin) off of a pile without moving any of the others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's game or a cardiopulmonary exercise in which the player jumps over a swinging rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double Dutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difficult version of jump rope in which players jump over two ropes that are swung in a crisscross manner by two turners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leapfrog" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which one child bends down and another leaps over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leapfrog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advancing as if in the child's game, by leaping over obstacles or competitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marbles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a children's game played with little balls made of a hard substance (as glass)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumblety-peg", + "mumble-the-peg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players throw or flip a jackknife in various ways so that the knife sticks in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical chairs", + "going to Jerusalem" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco delle sedie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's game in which players march to music around a group of chairs that contains one chair less than the number of players; when the music abruptly stops the players scramble to sit and the player who does not find a chair is eliminated; then a chair is removed and the march resumes until only the winner is seated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peekaboo", + "bopeep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played with young children; you hide your face and suddenly reveal it as you say boo!" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow fight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's game of fighting with pillows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a children's game in which kisses are exchanged for pretended letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin the bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which a player spins a bottle and kisses the person that it points to when it stops spinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin the plate", + "spin the platter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which something round (as a plate) is spun on edge and the name of a player is called; the named player must catch the spinning object before it falls or pay a forfeit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiapparello", + "chiapparello", + "chiapperello", + "chiappino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which one child chases the others; the one who is caught becomes the next chaser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiddlywinks" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco della pulce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which players try to flip plastic disks into a cup by pressing them on the side sharply with a larger disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card game", + "cards" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco di carte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played with playing cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cutting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a deck of cards before dealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "all fours", + "high-low-jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "card games in which points are won for taking the high or low or jack or game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baccarat", + "chemin de fer" + ], + "it": [ + "baccarà", + "chemin de fer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game played in casinos in which two or more punters gamble against the banker; the player wins who holds 2 or 3 cards that total closest to nine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar-my-neighbor", + "beggar-my-neighbour", + "strip-Jack-naked" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game for two players in which the object is to win all of the other player's cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackjack", + "twenty-one", + "vingt-et-un" + ], + "it": [ + "ventuno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambling game using cards; the object is to hold cards having a higher count than those dealt to the banker up to but not exceeding 21" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various card games based on whist for four players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge whist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest form of bridge; the dealer could name the trump suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auction", + "auction bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "bridge a incanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract", + "contract bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "bridge contratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-trump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a version of contract bridge in which no suit is designated as trump for the duration of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casino", + "cassino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game in which cards face up on the table are taken with eligible cards in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cribbage", + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game (usually for two players) in which each player is dealt six cards and discards one or two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cards discarded by players at cribbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecarte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game for 2 players; played with 32 cards and king high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euchre", + "five hundred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game similar to ecarte; each player is dealt 5 cards and the player making trump must take 3 tricks to win a hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantan", + "sevens", + "parliament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faro" + ], + "it": [ + "faraone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game in which players bet against the dealer on the cards he will draw from a dealing box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Go Fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game for two players who try to assemble books of cards by asking the opponent for particular cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monte", + "four-card monte", + "three-card monte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambling card game of Spanish origin; 3 or 4 cards are dealt face up and players bet that one of them will be matched before the others as the cards are dealt from the pack one at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michigan", + "Chicago", + "Newmarket", + "boodle", + "stops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck); a player plays the lowest card of a suit in his hand and successively higher cards are played until the sequence stops; the player who plays a card matching one in the layout wins all the chips on that card" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napoleon", + "nap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game similar to whist; usually played for stakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old maid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game using a pack of cards from which one queen has been removed; players match cards and the player holding the unmatched queen at the end of the game is the loser (or `old maid')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinochle", + "pinocle", + "penuchle", + "bezique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game played with a pack of forty-eight cards (two of each suit for high cards); play resembles whist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game for two players using a reduced pack of 32 cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisha paysha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a card game for two players one of whom is usually a child; the deck is place face down with one card face upward; players draw from the deck alternately hoping to build up or down from the open card; the player with the fewest cards when the deck is exhausted is the winner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker", + "poker game" + ], + "it": [ + "poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various card games in which players bet that they hold the highest-ranking hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rouge et noir", + "trente-et-quarante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game in which two rows of cards are dealt and players can bet on the color of the cards or on which row will have a count nearer some number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rummy", + "rum" + ], + "it": [ + "ramino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitaire", + "patience" + ], + "it": [ + "solitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game played by one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of solitaire that involves gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klondike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of solitaire that begins with seven piles of cards with the top cards facing up; descending sequences of cards of alternating colors are built on these piles; as aces become available they are placed above the seven piles; the object is to build sequences in suit from ace to king as the remaining cards are dealt out one at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whist", + "long whist", + "short whist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card game for four players who form two partnerships; a pack of 52 cards is dealt and each side scores one point for each trick it takes in excess of six" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dummy whist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of whist with three players; four hands are dealt with the hand opposite the dealer being face up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearts", + "Black Maria" + ], + "it": [ + "cuori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian bank", + "crapette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solitaire with two players using separate packs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin", + "gin rummy", + "knock rummy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of rummy in which a player can go out if the cards remaining in their hand total less than 10 points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canasta", + "basket rummy", + "meld" + ], + "it": [ + "canasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of rummy using two decks of cards and four jokers; jokers and deuces are wild; the object is to form groups of the same rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of canasta in which sequences can be melded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of canasta using three decks of cards and six jokers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "draw poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker in which a player can discard cards and receive substitutes from the dealer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-low" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker in which the high and low hands split the pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny ante", + "penny ante poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker played for small stakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker in which each player gets 5 cards face down and bets are made without drawing any further cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker in which a player's losses are paid by removing an article of clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud", + "stud poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poker in which each player receives hole cards and the remainder are dealt face up; bets are placed after each card is dealt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i37999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of all fours in which the players bid for the privilege of naming trumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "auction pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seven-up", + "old sledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of all fours in which a total of seven points is game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal casino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of casino in which face cards have extra point values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spade casino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of casino in which spades have the value of one point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game that is played on a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table tennis", + "Ping-Pong" + ], + "it": [ + "ping-pong", + "tennis da tavolo", + "tennis tavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game (trademark Ping-Pong) resembling tennis but played on a table with paddles and a light hollow ball" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco con regole simile a quelle del tennis, ma da fare su un tavolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominoes", + "dominos" + ], + "it": [ + "domino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several games played with small rectangular blocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game in which matchsticks are arranged in rows and players alternately remove one or more of them; in some versions the object is to take the last remaining matchstick on the table and in other versions the object is to avoid taking the last remaining matchstick on the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billiards" + ], + "it": [ + "bigliardo", + "biliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carom", + "cannon" + ], + "it": [ + "carambola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shot in billiards in which the cue ball contacts one object ball and then the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masse", + "masse shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shot in billiards made by hitting the cue ball with the cue held nearly vertically; the cue ball spins around another ball before hitting the object ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faulty shot in billiards; the cue tip slips off the cue ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool", + "pocket billiards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various games played on a pool table having 6 pockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of pool played with 15 red balls and six balls of other colors and a cue ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagatelle", + "bar billiards" + ], + "it": [ + "bagatella", + "bagattella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table game in which short cues are used to knock balls into holes that are guarded by wooden pegs; penalties are incurred if the pegs are knocked over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlor game", + "parlour game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game suitable for playing in a parlor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word game" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco di parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any game involving the formation or alteration or discovery of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anagrams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game whose object is to form words from a group of randomly chosen letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scrabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game in which words are formed from letters in patterns similar to a crossword puzzle; each letter has a value and those values are used to score the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game played on a specially designed board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backgammon" + ], + "it": [ + "sbaraglino", + "tric-trac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game for two players; pieces move according to throws of the dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkers", + "draughts" + ], + "it": [ + "dama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a checkerboard game for two players who each have 12 pieces; the object is to jump over and so capture the opponent's pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess", + "chess game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game for two players who move their 16 pieces according to specific rules; the object is to checkmate the opponent's king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese checkers", + "Chinese chequers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game in which each player tries to move a set of marbles through a set of holes from one point of a six-pointed star to the opposite point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darts" + ], + "it": [ + "freccette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which small pointed missiles are thrown at a dartboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go", + "go game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game for two players who place counters on a grid; the object is to surround and so capture the opponent's counters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halma" + ], + "it": [ + "alma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game in which players try to move their pieces into their opponent's bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotto", + "bingo", + "beano", + "keno" + ], + "it": [ + "bingo", + "tombola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which numbered balls are drawn at random and players cover the corresponding numbers on their cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tombola" + ], + "it": [ + "tombola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lottery in which tickets are drawn from a revolving drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ludo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple board game in which players move counters according to the throw of dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mah-Jongg", + "mahjong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese game played by 4 people with 144 tiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monopoly" + ], + "it": [ + "monopoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachisi", + "parchesi", + "parchisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient board game resembling backgammon; played on a cross-shaped board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parcheesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern board game based on pachisi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shogi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of chess played on a board of 81 squares; each player has 20 pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel board", + "shove-halfpenny", + "shove-ha'penny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which coins or discs are slid by hand across a board toward a mark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakes and ladders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board game for children who use dice to move counters up ladders and down snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticktacktoe", + "ticktacktoo", + "tick-tack-toe", + "tic-tac-toe", + "tit-tat-toe", + "noughts and crosses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which two players alternately put crosses and circles in one of the compartments of a square grid of nine spaces; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the opponent does" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporting life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active interest in gambling on sports events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bet", + "wager" + ], + "it": [ + "giocata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daily double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single bet on two horse races in the same day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exacta", + "perfecta" + ], + "it": [ + "abbinata", + "accoppiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parimutuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "betting where winners share the total amount wagered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of wagers in which the winnings from one wager are used as a stake for the subsequent wagers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place bet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bet that a horse will finish a race no worse than second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superfecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bet that you can pick the first four finishers in a race in the right order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game of chance", + "gambling game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game that involves gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantan", + "fan tan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese gambling game; a random number of counters are placed under a bowl and you gamble on how many will be left (0, 1, 2, or 3 modulo 4)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lottery", + "drawing" + ], + "it": [ + "lotteria", + "lotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "players buy (or are given) chances and prizes are distributed by casting lots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lucky dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which prizes (e.g., candies or coins) are concealed in a container and for a small sum a player can draw one out at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numbers pool", + "numbers game", + "numbers racket", + "numbers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal daily lottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweepstakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lottery in which the prize consists of the money paid by the participants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambling game played with two dice; a first throw of 7 or 11 wins and a first throw of 2, 3, or 12 loses and a first throw of any other number must be repeated to win before a 7 is thrown, which loses the bet and the dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crap shooting", + "crapshoot", + "crap game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing craps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulette" + ], + "it": [ + "roulette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banking game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any gambling game in which bets are laid against the gambling house or the dealer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero-sum game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game in which the total of all the gains and losses is zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merrymaking", + "conviviality", + "jollification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boisterous celebration; a merry festivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jinks", + "high jinks", + "hijinks", + "high jinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy and mischievous merrymaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revel", + "revelry" + ], + "it": [ + "bagordo", + "baldoria", + "bisboccia", + "carnevalata", + "gozzovigliata", + "ribotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrestrained merrymaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexcapade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexual escapade; an illicit affair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spree", + "fling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief indulgence of your impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spending spree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief period of extravagant spending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bust", + "tear", + "binge", + "bout" + ], + "it": [ + "bisboccia", + "trincata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion for excessive eating or drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piss-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulgar expression for a bout of heavy drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carouse", + "carousal", + "bender", + "toot", + "booze-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revelry in drinking; a merry drinking party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orgy", + "debauch", + "debauchery", + "saturnalia", + "riot", + "bacchanal", + "bacchanalia", + "drunken revelry" + ], + "it": [ + "ammucchiata", + "baccanale", + "orgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnival" + ], + "it": [ + "carnevale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival marked by merrymaking and processions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dionysia", + "Bacchanalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus (= Bacchus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "frolic", + "romp", + "gambol", + "caper" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che viene detto o fatto con lo scopo di divertire, di suscitare ilarità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper", + "capriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playful leap or hop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dressage) a vertical jump of a trained horse with a kick of the hind legs at the top of the jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flirt", + "flirting", + "flirtation", + "coquetry", + "dalliance", + "toying" + ], + "it": [ + "amoreggiamento", + "civetteria", + "corteggiamento", + "flirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folly", + "foolery", + "tomfoolery", + "craziness", + "lunacy", + "indulgence" + ], + "it": [ + "arlecchinata", + "baggianata", + "buffonaggine", + "buffonata", + "buffoneria", + "burattinata", + "lazzo", + "pagliacciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foolish or senseless behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frivolous or trifling behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meshugaas", + "mishegaas", + "mishegoss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) craziness; senseless behavior or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffoonery", + "clowning", + "japery", + "frivolity", + "harlequinade", + "prank" + ], + "it": [ + "buffonaggine", + "buffonata", + "pagliacciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting like a clown or buffoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shtik", + "schtik", + "shtick", + "schtick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a prank or piece of clowning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rowdy or boisterous play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teasing" + ], + "it": [ + "canzonatura", + "minchionatura", + "motteggiamento", + "satira", + "sbeffeggiamento", + "sfottimento", + "sfottitura", + "sfottò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playful vexation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing on words or speech sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unkind or aggressive trick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practical joke" + ], + "it": [ + "beffa", + "birichinata", + "burla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prank or trick played on a person (especially one intended to make the victim appear foolish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "April fool" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce d'aprile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practical joke or trick played on the first day of April" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practical joke that involves inserting a match surreptitiously between the sole and upper of the victim's shoe and then lighting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag" + ], + "it": [ + "scherzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boisterous practical joke (especially by college students)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snipe hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate practical joke in which the unsuspecting victim hunts a snipe and is typically left in the dark holding a bag and waiting for the snipe to run into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drollery", + "waggery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quaint and amusing jest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg-pull", + "leg-pulling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as a joke: trying to make somebody believe something that is not true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasantry" + ], + "it": [ + "amenità", + "facezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreeable or amusing remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beguilement", + "distraction" + ], + "it": [ + "distrazione", + "diversivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainment that provokes pleased interest and distracts you from worries and vexations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edutainment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entertainment that is intended to be educational" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravaganza" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rappresentazione spettacolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lavishly staged or spectacular entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militainment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entertainment with military themes in which the Department of Defense is celebrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightlife", + "night life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entertainment available to people seeking nighttime diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebration", + "solemnization", + "solemnisation" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the public performance of a sacrament or solemn ceremony with all appropriate ritual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmian Games" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially on the Isthmus of Corinth in the first and third years of each Olympiad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nemean Games" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially at Nemea in the second and fourth years of each Olympiad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympian Games", + "Olympic Games" + ], + "it": [ + "Olimpiadi", + "olimpiade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Olympia in honor of Zeus; held every 4 years beginning in 776 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythian Games" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Delphi held every four years in the third year of the Olympiad in honor of Apollo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Royal National Eisteddfod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eisteddfod with competitions in music and drama and poetry and the fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eisteddfod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several annual Welsh festivals involving artistic competitions (especially in singing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film festival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cinematic festival that features films (usually films produced during the past year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in Spanish speaking regions) a local festival or fair, usually in honor of some patron saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festival", + "fete" + ], + "it": [ + "festival", + "kermesse", + "sagra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz festival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival that features performances by jazz artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwanzaa", + "Kwanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival featuring African-American culture; celebrated between Christmas and New Year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oktoberfest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autumn festival that involves merrymaking and drinking beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturnalia" + ], + "it": [ + "saturnali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festival held at the time sheep are normally sheared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gala", + "gala affair", + "jamboree", + "blowout" + ], + "it": [ + "festa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gay festivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ludi Saeculares", + "secular games" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the centennial rites and games of ancient Rome that marked the commencement of a new generation (100 years representing the longest life in a generation); observances may have begun as early as the 5th century BC and lasted well into the Christian era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victory celebration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebration following a victory in a battle or sports competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoopee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy and boisterous revelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnival", + "fair", + "funfair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitive exhibition of dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitive exhibition of horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raree-show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-ring circus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circus with simultaneous performances in three rings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mardi Gras", + "Fat Tuesday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carnival held in some countries on Shrove Tuesday (the last day before Lent) but especially in New Orleans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "spettacolo", + "show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabaret", + "floorshow", + "floor show" + ], + "it": [ + "cabaret", + "cabarè", + "caffè-concerto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of acts at a night club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any entertainment performed by ice skaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlude", + "intermezzo", + "entr'acte" + ], + "it": [ + "interludio", + "intermezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief show (music or dance etc) inserted between the sections of a longer performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display", + "exhibit", + "showing" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto esposto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something shown to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display of colored lights moving in shifting patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation", + "presentment", + "demonstration" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione", + "presentazione", + "esibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstration" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show of military force or preparedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibition" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exhibiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiation", + "debunking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exposure of falseness or pretensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presentation to view in an open or public manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rodeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhibition of cowboy skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road show" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "spettacolo di tournée" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show on tour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideshow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor show that is part of a larger one (as at the circus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wild West Show", + "Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectacular show organized in 1883 by William F. Cody that featured horseback riding and marksmanship on a large scale; toured the United States and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport", + "athletics" + ], + "it": [ + "sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow section of a pas de deux requiring great skill and strength by the dancers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break dancing", + "break dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of solo dancing that involves rapid acrobatic moves in which different parts of the body touch the ground; normally performed to the rhythm of rap music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court dance of the 16th century; consisted of short advances and retreats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautch", + "nauch", + "nautch dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate traditional dance in India performed by professional dancing girls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavane", + "pavan" + ], + "it": [ + "pavana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stately court dance of the 16th and 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance movements that are linked in a single choreographic sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saraband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stately court dance of the 17th and 18th centuries; in slow time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic dance to reggae music performed by bending forward and extending the hands while bending the knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam dancing", + "slam dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of dancing in which dancers slam into one another; normally performed to punk rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step dancing", + "hoofing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dancing in which the steps are more important than gestures or postures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap dancing", + "tap dance" + ], + "it": [ + "tip tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance step tapped out audibly with the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe dancing", + "toe dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance performed on tiptoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shoe", + "soft-shoe shuffle", + "soft-shoe dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tap dancing wearing shoes that have soft soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck-and-wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solo tap dance emphasizing sharp taps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage dancing", + "choreography" + ], + "it": [ + "coreografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show involving artistic dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet", + "concert dance" + ], + "it": [ + "balletto", + "ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical representation of a story that is performed to music by trained dancers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pas seul", + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a solo dance or dance figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pas de deux", + "duet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a dance for two people (usually a ballerina and a danseur noble)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pas de trois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a dance for three people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pas de quatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a dance for four people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical ballet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of ballet based on precise conventional steps performed with graceful and flowing movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern ballet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of ballet that admits a wider variety of movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedy ballet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballet that stresses the drama with features of comedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical ballet; movements are expressive of feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog dance", + "clog dancing", + "clog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance performed while wearing shoes with wooden soles; has heavy stamping steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apache dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent fast dance in French vaudeville (an apache is a member of the French underworld)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly dance", + "belly dancing", + "danse du ventre" + ], + "it": [ + "danza del ventre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Middle Eastern dance in which the dancer makes sensuous movements of the hips and abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish dance in triple time accompanied by guitar and castanets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cakewalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strutting dance based on a march; was performed in minstrel shows; originated as a competition among Black dancers to win a cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancan" + ], + "it": [ + "cancan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-kicking dance of French origin performed by a female chorus line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erotic dancing with little or no clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solo dance in which large fans are manipulated to suggest or reveal nakedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip", + "striptease", + "strip show" + ], + "it": [ + "spogliarello", + "striptease", + "strip-tease", + "spettacolo di spogliarello", + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of erotic entertainment in which a dancer gradually undresses to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solo dance similar to a fan dance except large balloons are used instead of fans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpretive dance", + "interpretive dancing", + "interpretative dance", + "interpretative dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dancing as part of a social occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitterbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jerky American dance that was popular in the 1940s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lindy", + "lindy hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an energetic American dance that was popular in the 1930s (probably named for the aviator Charles Lindbergh)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fandango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a provocative Spanish courtship dance in triple time; performed by a man and a woman playing castanets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farandole" + ], + "it": [ + "farandola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively dance from Provence; all the dancers join hands and execute various figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamenco", + "gypsy dancing" + ], + "it": [ + "flamenco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of dancing characteristic of the Andalusian Gypsies; vigorous and rhythmic with clapping and stamping of feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gavotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old formal French dance in quadruple time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habanera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cuban dance in duple time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively dance step consisting of hopping on each foot in turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lively dancing (usually to ragtime music) with much shaking of the shoulders and hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance involving a rhythmical stamping step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarantella", + "tarantelle" + ], + "it": [ + "tarantella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively whirling Italian dance for two persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance step", + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of foot movements that make up a particular dance" + ], + "it": [ + "particolare movimento dei piedi in una figurazione di danza o in un ballo specifico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasse", + "sashay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) quick gliding steps with one foot always leading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glissade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) a gliding or sliding step in ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) the outward rotation of a dancer's leg from the hip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social dancing in which couples vigorously twist their hips and arms in time to the music; was popular in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballroom dancing", + "ballroom dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of social dances performed by couples in a ballroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance that originated in the French West Indies; similar to the rumba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively ballroom dance that resembles the samba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cha-cha", + "cha-cha-cha" + ], + "it": [ + "cha-cha-cha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern ballroom dance from Latin America; small steps and swaying movements of the hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early ballroom dance; precursor to the fox-trot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early ragtime one-step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox-trot", + "foxtrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance in quadruple time; combines short and long and fast and slow steps fixed sequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance in duple meter; marked by sliding steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunny hug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syncopated ballroom dance formerly popular in the US" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charleston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American ballroom dance in syncopated rhythm; popular early in the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conga" + ], + "it": [ + "conga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin American dance of 3 steps and a kick by people in single file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotillion", + "cotilion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively dance originating in France in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minuet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stately court dance in the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paso doble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance in fast duple time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickstep" + ], + "it": [ + "quick step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance with both quick and slow steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumba", + "rhumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively ballroom dance from Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round dance", + "round dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance characterized by revolving movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tango" + ], + "it": [ + "tango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance of Latin-American origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waltz", + "valse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballroom dance in triple time with a strong accent on the first beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk dancing", + "folk dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of dancing that originated among ordinary people (not in the royal courts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mazurka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Polish national dance in triple time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polka" + ], + "it": [ + "polca", + "polka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bohemian dance with 3 steps and a hop in fast time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schottische" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German round dance resembling a slow polka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morris dance", + "morris dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various English folk dances performed by dancers in costume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword dance", + "sword dancing" + ], + "it": [ + "danza delle spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various dances by men who step nimbly over swords or flourish them in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin American dance similar in rhythm to the rumba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highland fling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigorous Scottish reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornpipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British solo dance performed by sailors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various old rustic dances involving kicking and leaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country-dance", + "country dancing", + "contredanse", + "contra danse", + "contradance" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of folk dance in which couples are arranged in sets or face one another in a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longways", + "longways dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "country dancing performed with couples in two long lines facing each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia reel", + "reel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American country dance which starts with the couples facing each other in two lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round dance", + "ring dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folk dance; dancers form a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square dance", + "square dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American country dancing in which couples form squares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel", + "Scottish reel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eightsome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scottish reel for eight dancers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrille" + ], + "it": [ + "quadriglia", + "quadriglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square dance of 5 or more figures for 4 or more couples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadrille for 8 or 16 couples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do-si-do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square-dance figure; two dancers approach each other and circle back to back before returning to their original places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promenade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square dance figure; couples march counterclockwise in a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sashay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square dance figure; partners circle each other taking sideways steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square dance figure; a pair of dancers join hands and dance around a point between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderately slow Austrian country dance in triple time; involves spinning and clapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritual dancing", + "ritual dance", + "ceremonial dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance that is part of a religious ritual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumba", + "rhumba" + ], + "it": [ + "rumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folk dance in duple time that originated in Cuba with Spanish and African elements; features complex footwork and violent movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apache devil dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ritual dance of the Apache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rain dance of Amerindians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danse macabre", + "dance of death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval dance in which a skeleton representing death leads a procession of others to the grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious dance of Native Americans looking for communication with the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hula", + "hula-hula", + "Hawaiian dancing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Polynesian rain dance performed by a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrrhic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek dance imitating the motions of warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ritual dance intended to bring rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial dance (as by the Hopi) in which snakes are handled or invoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial dance performed by Amerindians at the summer solstice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war dance" + ], + "it": [ + "danza di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial dance performed before a battle or after a victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music" + ], + "it": [ + "musica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical activity (singing or whistling etc.)" + ], + "it": [ + "ogni produzione ottenuta attraverso l'attività musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell ringing", + "carillon", + "carillon playing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change ringing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ringing tuned bells in a fixed order that is continually changing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumental music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music produced by playing a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of musical tones (by voice or instrument); especially the exactitude of the pitch relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of playing a percussion instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of playing drums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocal music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music that is vocalized (as contrasted with instrumental music)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singing", + "vocalizing" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing vocal music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "a cappella singing", + "a capella singing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing without instrumental accompaniment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bel canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of operatic singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing with florid ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song", + "strain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carol" + ], + "it": [ + "carola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joyful song (usually celebrating the birth of Christ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lullaby", + "cradlesong" + ], + "it": [ + "ninna nanna", + "ninnananna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing a quiet song to lull a child to sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caroling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing joyful religious songs (especially at Christmas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crooning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing popular songs in a sentimental manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crooning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing in a soft low tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scat", + "scat singing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing jazz; the singer substitutes nonsense syllables for the words of the song and tries to sound like a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistling" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of whistling a tune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke or blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo d'archetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke with a curved piece of wood with taut horsehair strands that is used in playing stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down-bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a downward stroke from the heel to the tip of the bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "up-bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upward stroke from the tip to the heel of the bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officiation" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitraggio", + "ufficiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of a religious or ceremonial or public duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acting", + "playing", + "playacting", + "performing" + ], + "it": [ + "recitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of a part or role in a drama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portrayal", + "characterization", + "enactment", + "personation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting the part of a character on stage; dramatically representing the character by speech and action and gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impressionistic portrayal of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impersonation", + "personation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitating the mannerisms of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apery", + "mimicry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mimicking; imitative behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parody", + "mockery", + "takeoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "humorous or satirical mimicry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "method acting", + "method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mime", + "pantomime", + "dumb show" + ], + "it": [ + "mimica", + "mimo", + "mimodramma", + "pantomima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance using gestures and body movements without words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abbreviation of pantomime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business", + "stage business", + "byplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shtik", + "schtik", + "shtick", + "schtick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a contrived and often used bit of business that a performer uses to steal attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performance" + ], + "it": [ + "esecuzione", + "performance", + "rappresentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione e realizzazione di un testo musicale o di un altro spettacolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entertainment offered at a public presentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short theatrical episode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamming", + "overacting" + ], + "it": [ + "gigionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poor acting by a ham actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ostentatious or vainglorious or extravagant or melodramatic conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reenactment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performing a role in an event that occurred at an earlier time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roleplaying" + ], + "it": [ + "role-playing", + "role playing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting a particular role (as in psychotherapy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trick performed with playing cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prestidigitation", + "sleight of hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual dexterity in the execution of tricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liveliness", + "animation" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione", + "brio", + "briosità", + "vivacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general activity and motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brouhaha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confused disturbance far greater than its cause merits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus", + "carnival" + ], + "it": [ + "cinematografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frenetic disorganized (and often comic) disturbance suggestive of a large public entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorganization", + "disorganisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disturbance of a systematic arrangement causing disorder and confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disruption", + "perturbation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislocation", + "breakdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disrupting an established order so it fails to continue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise", + "surprisal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of surprising someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commotion", + "din", + "ruction", + "ruckus", + "rumpus", + "tumult" + ], + "it": [ + "cancan", + "chiassata", + "chiasso", + "clamore", + "confusione", + "putiferio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a noisy disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furor", + "furore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden outburst (as of protest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "havoc", + "mayhem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent and needless disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melee", + "scrimmage", + "battle royal" + ], + "it": [ + "violenta discussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy riotous fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitation", + "excitement", + "turmoil", + "upheaval", + "hullabaloo" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "disordine", + "tumulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturbance usually in protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outburst", + "tumultuous disturbance" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden violent disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rampage", + "violent disorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violently angry and destructive behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outrageous rampage usually involving sexual attacks by men on women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset", + "derangement", + "overthrow" + ], + "it": [ + "sconvolgimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disturbing the mind or body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bustle", + "hustle", + "flurry", + "ado", + "fuss", + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "cancan", + "trambusto", + "viavai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid active commotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst", + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fits and starts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeated bursts of activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haste", + "hurry", + "rush", + "rushing" + ], + "it": [ + "fretta", + "furia", + "premura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash", + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving with great haste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scamper", + "scramble", + "scurry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rushing about hastily in an undignified way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre", + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking the ball or puck away from the team on the offense (as by the interception of a pass)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "figura", + "figurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predetermined set of movements in dancing or skating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skating figure that carves an 8 in the ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skating figure executed with the skates heel to heel in a straight line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "completion", + "pass completion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a successful forward pass in football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "azione", + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preset plan of action in team sports" + ], + "it": [ + "manovra o strategia di gioco messa in atto per vincere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball hawking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skillful maneuver in catching balls or in stealing the ball from the opposing team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the act of enabling another player to make a good play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icing", + "icing the puck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) the act of shooting the puck from within your own defensive area the length of the rink beyond the opponent's goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) a play in which one team has a numerical advantage over the other as a result of penalties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play by the offensive team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "running", + "running play", + "running game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "draw play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end run", + "sweep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the act of running back the ball after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a running play in which a back running in one direction hands the ball to a back running in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double reverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a running play in which a first reverse is followed by a second reverse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush", + "rushing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "passing play", + "passing game", + "passing" + ], + "it": [ + "scambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play in which there is a concentration of players in one location on the field of play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play in which one player hands the ball to a teammate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forward pass", + "aerial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass to a receiver downfield from the passer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare pass", + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short forward pass to a back who is running toward the sidelines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short forward pass in which the receiver is protected by a screen of blockers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral pass", + "lateral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass to a receiver upfield from the passer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass to a designated spot on the field; the receiver should arrive at that spot the same time the ball does" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tackle" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) grasping an opposing player with the intention of stopping by throwing to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jugglery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of a juggler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruction" + ], + "it": [ + "ostruzione", + "ostruzionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "getting in someone's way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blocking", + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccaggio", + "occlusione", + "ostruzione", + "otturamento", + "otturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of obstructing or deflecting someone's movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) blocking a player's path with your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) an illegal block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstructing an opponent in ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosscheck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal check (chopping at an opponent's arms or stick)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knocking the puck away by jabbing at it with the hockey stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razzle-dazzle", + "razzle", + "razzmatazz", + "razmataz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play executed by a basketball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball maneuver; obstructing an opponent with one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball maneuver; two defensive players shift assignments so that each guards the player usually guarded by the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give-and-go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball maneuver; one offensive player passes the ball to another, then runs toward the basket to take a return pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a play executed by a baseball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of getting two players out on one play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of getting three players out on one play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball play in which a base runner is caught off base and tagged out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball play in which a runner on third base tries to score as the batter bunts the pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide squeeze play", + "suicide squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the runner on third base starts home as the pitcher delivers the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety squeeze play", + "safety squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the runner on third base waits to start home until the batter has bunted successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footwork" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco di gambe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner of using the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a stroke that puts reverse spin on the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweeping stroke or blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis stroke", + "tennis shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hitting a tennis ball with a tennis racket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis stroke that sends the ball back to the other player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backhand", + "backhand stroke", + "backhand shot" + ], + "it": [ + "rovescio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return made with the back of the hand facing the direction of the stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop", + "chop shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis return made with a downward motion that puts backspin on the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a hard straight return (as in tennis or squash)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop shot", + "dink" + ], + "it": [ + "smorzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft return so that the tennis ball drops abruptly after crossing the net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forehand", + "forehand stroke", + "forehand shot" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a return made with the palm of the hand facing the direction of the stroke (as in tennis or badminton or squash)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forehand drive" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) hard straight return made on the forehand side (as in tennis or badminton or squash)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backhand drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard straight return made on the backhand side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-handed backhand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backhand shot made holding the racquet in both hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "colpo di rimbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis return made by hitting the ball after it has bounced once" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "battuta", + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serve that the receiver is unable to reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fault" + ], + "it": [ + "fallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a serve that is illegal (e.g., that lands outside the prescribed area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let", + "net ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serve that strikes the net before falling into the receiver's court; the ball must be served again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half volley" + ], + "it": [ + "demi-volée" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis return made by hitting the ball immediately after it bounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lob" + ], + "it": [ + "lob", + "pallonetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easy return of a tennis ball in a high arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhead", + "smash" + ], + "it": [ + "schiacciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard return hitting the tennis ball above your head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis return that passes an opponent who has approached the net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ], + "it": [ + "volée" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis return made by hitting the ball before it bounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciata", + "vogata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the repeated movements of the limbs and body used for locomotion in swimming or rowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of moving the arms and legs to push against the water and propel the swimmer forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl", + "front crawl", + "Australian crawl" + ], + "it": [ + "crawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming stroke; arms are moved alternately overhead accompanied by a flutter kick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary swimming stroke imitating a swimming dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidestroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming stroke in which the arms move forward and backward while the legs do a scissors kick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly", + "butterfly stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "delfino", + "farfalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming stroke in which the arms are thrown forward together out of the water while the feet kick up and down" + ], + "it": [ + "un modo di nuotare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaststroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming stroke; the arms are extended together in front of the head and swept back on either side accompanied by a frog kick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstroke" + ], + "it": [ + "dorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming stroke that resembles the crawl except the swimmer lies on his or her back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball swing", + "swing", + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in baseball; a batter's attempt to hit a pitched ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf stroke", + "golf shot", + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of swinging a golf club at a golf ball and (usually) hitting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downswing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swing downward of a golf club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice", + "fade", + "slicing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf shot that curves to the right for a right-handed golfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "draw", + "hooking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf shot that curves to the left for a right-handed golfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "driving" + ], + "it": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hitting a golf ball off of a tee with a driver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf shot from a bunker that typically moves sand as well as the golf ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putt", + "putting" + ], + "it": [ + "putt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of golf in which you putt from positions arranged on the circumference of a circle around the hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "approach shot" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo d'approccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively short golf shot intended to put the ball onto the putting green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "chip shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a low running approach shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "pitch shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high approach shot in golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor golf stroke in which the club head hits the ground before hitting the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor golf stroke in which the heel of the club hits the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teeoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hitting a golf ball from the teeing ground at the start of each hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement of the legs in swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flutter kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming kick; the legs are moved rapidly up and down without bending the knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming kick; knees are drawn upward and outward so the legs can be brought together when fully extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphin kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming kick; an up and down kick of the feet together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissors kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kick used in the sidestroke; legs are brought together in a scissoring motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming kick used while treading water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treading water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke that keeps the head above water by thrashing the legs and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch", + "breeze", + "picnic", + "snap", + "duck soup", + "child's play", + "pushover", + "walkover", + "piece of cake" + ], + "it": [ + "giochetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any undertaking that is easy to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easy task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro", + "opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity directed toward making or doing something" + ], + "it": [ + "impiego di energia per il raggiungimento di uno scopo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a damaging piece of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performance of a piece of work" + ], + "it": [ + "prestazione lavorativa, sportiva o recitativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation", + "procedure" + ], + "it": [ + "attività", + "comportamento", + "funzionamento", + "operatività", + "prestazione", + "rendimento", + "funzione", + "operazione", + "procedimento", + "procedura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work" + ], + "it": [ + "azione per lo più di carattere tecnico-pratico da eseguire secondo procedimenti determinati, per ottenere uno scopo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "works", + "deeds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performance of moral or religious acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work done by one person or group that benefits another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consulting service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "service provided by a professional advisor (e.g., a lawyer or doctor or CPA etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advisory service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consulting service in which a CPA develops findings and conclusions and recommendations that are presented to the client for consideration and decision making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attestation service", + "attestation report" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consulting service in which a CPA expresses a conclusion about the reliability of a written statement that is the responsibility of someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial audit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attestation that the client's financial statement is accurate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing clothes and bed linens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shining", + "polishing" + ], + "it": [ + "lisciatura", + "lucidatura", + "lustratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoeshine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shining shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compulsory service in the military during peacetime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the service (electric power or water or transportation) provided by a public utility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land tenure by agricultural service or payment of rent; not burdened with military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land tenure by service in the lord's army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight's service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land tenure by service to the lord as a knight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy lifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "difficult work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housecleaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of cleaning the rooms and furnishings of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housecleaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) the act of reforming by the removal of unwanted personnel or practices or conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housewifery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a housewife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housework", + "housekeeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of cleaning and running a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironing" + ], + "it": [ + "stiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of using heat to smooth washed clothes in order to remove any wrinkles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workload", + "work load" + ], + "it": [ + "carico di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work that a person is expected to do in a specified time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of cases handled in a given period of time (as by a court or agency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piecework" + ], + "it": [ + "cottimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work paid for according to the quantity produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busywork", + "make-work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active work of little value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of cutting down trees for timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose end", + "unfinished business" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro incompiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work that is left incomplete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work to be done at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work that involves handling papers: forms or letters or reports etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welfare work", + "social service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation", + "business", + "job", + "line of work", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "attività", + "occupazione", + "impiego", + "lavoro", + "mestiere", + "posto", + "posto di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money" + ], + "it": [ + "attività preponderante di qualcuno, svolta con maggiore o minore passione", + "attività retribuita praticata per il proprio sostentamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation" + ], + "it": [ + "occupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any activity that occupies a person's attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game", + "biz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your occupation or line of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career", + "calling", + "vocation" + ], + "it": [ + "vocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular occupation for which you are trained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialization", + "specialisation", + "specialty", + "speciality", + "specialism" + ], + "it": [ + "specializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the special line of work you have adopted as your career" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialization", + "specialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualization", + "spiritualisation" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritualizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something spiritual; infusing it with spiritual content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal work of your career" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk of life", + "walk" + ], + "it": [ + "cammino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "careers in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment", + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation for which you are paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employment in or work for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecommuting", + "teleworking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "services" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something designed and created to serve a particular function and to afford a particular convenience or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public service" + ], + "it": [ + "impiego pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job of a head of a government department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet minister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job of a senior minister who is a member of the cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "post", + "berth", + "office", + "spot", + "billet", + "place", + "situation" + ], + "it": [ + "carica", + "incarico", + "posizione", + "posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a job in an organization" + ], + "it": [ + "un lavoro in una organizzazione o gerarchia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academicianship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of member of an honorary academy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accountantship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of accountant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiralty" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiragliato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambassadorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of ambassador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostleship" + ], + "it": [ + "apostolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprenticeship" + ], + "it": [ + "apprendistato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of apprentice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associateship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of associate (as in an office or academy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attorneyship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of attorney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailiffship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of bailiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronetage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a baronet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bishopry", + "episcopate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office and dignity of a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadetship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of cadet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliphate" + ], + "it": [ + "califfato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of a caliph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captainship", + "captaincy" + ], + "it": [ + "capitanato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinalship" + ], + "it": [ + "cardinalato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of cardinal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chairmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "presidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of chairman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancellorship" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellierato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of chancellor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaplaincy", + "chaplainship" + ], + "it": [ + "cappellanato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of chaplain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chieftaincy", + "chieftainship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of chieftain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerkship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job of clerk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commandership", + "commandery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position or office of commander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comptrollership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of comptroller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consulship" + ], + "it": [ + "consolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of consul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "controllership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of controller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "councillorship", + "councilorship" + ], + "it": [ + "assessorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of council member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counselorship", + "counsellorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of counselor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a curate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curatorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of curator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custodianship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of custodian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deanship", + "deanery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position or office of a dean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directorship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carica di direttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a director of a business concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipleship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of disciple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editorship" + ], + "it": [ + "direzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of editor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eldership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of elder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emirate" + ], + "it": [ + "emirato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of an emir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatherhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of a father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatherhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of a religious leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foremanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of foreman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalship", + "generalcy" + ], + "it": [ + "generalato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office and authority of a general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governorship" + ], + "it": [ + "governatorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of governor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headmastership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of headmaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headmistressship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of headmistress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of headmaster or headmistress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult position where you are subjected to stress and criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incumbency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of an incumbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspectorship" + ], + "it": [ + "ispettorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of inspector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instructorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of instructor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a medical intern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgeship", + "judicature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a khan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lectureship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of lecturer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legation", + "legateship" + ], + "it": [ + "legazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post or office of legate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislatorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of legislator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "librarianship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of librarian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenancy" + ], + "it": [ + "luogotenenza", + "tenenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a lieutenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magistracy", + "magistrature" + ], + "it": [ + "magistratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of magistrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "managership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of manager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of being a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshalship" + ], + "it": [ + "maresciallato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of marshall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayoralty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of mayor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messiahship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of messiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderatorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of moderator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlordship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of overlord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastorship", + "pastorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of pastor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peasanthood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being a peasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly desirable position or assignment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praetorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of praetor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precentorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of precentor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preceptorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of preceptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of prefect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prelacy", + "prelature" + ], + "it": [ + "prelatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office or station of a prelate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premiership" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carica di premier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of premier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presidency", + "presidentship" + ], + "it": [ + "presidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office and function of president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "President of the United States", + "President", + "Chief Executive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of the United States head of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primateship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of primate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principalship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post of principal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priorship" + ], + "it": [ + "priorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of prior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proconsulship", + "proconsulate" + ], + "it": [ + "proconsolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of proconsul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of proctor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professorship", + "chair" + ], + "it": [ + "cattedra", + "ordinariato", + "professorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of professor" + ], + "it": [ + "il posto del professore di ruolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of protector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position concerning the people as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bully pulpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public office of sufficiently high rank that it provides the holder with an opportunity to speak out and be listened to on any matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office or function of a rabbi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receivership" + ], + "it": [ + "curatela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of a receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectorship", + "rectorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office or station of a rector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regency" + ], + "it": [ + "reggenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of a regent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of physician who is receiving special training in a hospital (usually after completing an internship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rulership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sainthood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status and dignity of a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretaryship" + ], + "it": [ + "segreteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of secretary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attorney General", + "Attorney General of the United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Justice Department and the chief law enforcement officer of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Agriculture", + "Agriculture Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Commerce", + "Commerce Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Defense", + "Defense Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Education", + "Education Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Education Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Energy", + "Energy Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Health and Human Services" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Health and Human Services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Housing and Urban Development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Housing and Urban Development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Labor", + "Labor Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of State" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the State Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of the Interior", + "Interior Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of the Interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of the Treasury", + "Treasury Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Treasury Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Transportation", + "Transportation Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Veterans Affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of the head of the Department of Veterans Affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of War", + "War Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of a former executive department; combined with the Navy Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of the Navy", + "Navy Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of a former executive department; combined with the War Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Commerce and Labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of a former executive department created in 1903 and divided into two departments in 1913" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Health Education and Welfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of a former executive department created in 1953 and divided into two departments in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seigniory", + "seigneury", + "feudal lordship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position and authority of a feudal lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seismography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of tremors and shocks and undulatory movements of earthquakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senatorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of senator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinecure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office that involves minimal duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of solicitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speakership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of Speaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stewardship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of steward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studentship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of student" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teachership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thaneship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of thane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position and power of an exalted person (a sovereign or bishop) who is entitled to sit in a chair of state on ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasurership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of treasurer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribuneship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of tribune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trusteeship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of trustee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice-presidency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office and function of a vice president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viceroyship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of viceroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viziership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of vizier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardenship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of warden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of warder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womanhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the status of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadmill", + "salt mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a job involving drudgery and confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business life", + "professional life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a career in industrial or commercial or professional activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade", + "craft" + ], + "it": [ + "arte", + "mestiere", + "professione", + "commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skilled practice of a practical occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airplane mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of building and repairing airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of building and repairing automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of basket making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookbinding" + ], + "it": [ + "legatoria", + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of binding books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bricklaying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of laying bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinetwork", + "cabinetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making furniture (especially furniture of high quality)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpentry", + "woodworking", + "woodwork" + ], + "it": [ + "carpenteria", + "falegnameria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafting", + "mechanical drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of drawing blueprints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressmaking" + ], + "it": [ + "confezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of an electrician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior decoration", + "interior design" + ], + "it": [ + "arredamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trade of planning the layout and furnishings of an architectural interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decorating a house or room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of providing artificial light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masonry" + ], + "it": [ + "muratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of a mason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oculism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of an oculist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painting", + "house painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of a house painter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papermaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piloting", + "pilotage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of a pilot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumbing", + "plumbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of a plumber (installing and repairing pipes and fixtures for water or gas or sewage in a building)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pottery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making earthenware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profession" + ], + "it": [ + "professione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metier", + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occupation for which you are especially well suited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learned profession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession or art of a writer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law", + "practice of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "education" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journalism" + ], + "it": [ + "giornalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspapering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "journalism practiced for the newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine", + "practice of medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "medicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preventive medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternative medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbal medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of medicinal herbs to prevent or treat disease or promote health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementary medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of medicine that combines traditional medicine with alternative medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the learned profession acquired by specialized courses in religion (usually taught at a college or seminary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing", + "committal to writing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of putting something in written form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptography", + "coding", + "secret writing", + "steganography" + ], + "it": [ + "cifratura", + "codifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of writing in code or cipher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwriting" + ], + "it": [ + "scrittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of writing by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of inscribing (especially carving or engraving) letters or words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of representing something by a special system of marks or characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of superscribing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or art of writing in shorthand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of signing your name; writing your signature (as on a document)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encoding", + "encryption" + ], + "it": [ + "codificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of converting data or information into code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "image compression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compression of graphics for storage or transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MPEG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of standards adopted by the moving pictures experts group for the compression of digital video and audio data or a file of data compressed according to those standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompression" + ], + "it": [ + "decompressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restoring compressed information to its normal form for use or display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data encryption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the encryption of data for security purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recoding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "converting from one code to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoding", + "decryption", + "decipherment" + ], + "it": [ + "deciframento", + "decifrazione", + "decodifica", + "decodificazione", + "decriptazione", + "decrittazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of making clear or converting from code into plain text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of surveying; the area is divided into triangles and the length of one side and its angles with the other two are measured, then the lengths of the other sides can be calculated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinetmaking", + "joinery" + ], + "it": [ + "falegnameria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of a joiner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrotechnics", + "pyrotechny" + ], + "it": [ + "pirotecnia", + "pirotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making fireworks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoemaking", + "shoe repairing", + "cobbling" + ], + "it": [ + "calzoleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shoemaker's trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roofing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of a roofer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet-metal work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of doing sheet metal work (as in ventilation systems)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the laying on of shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailoring" + ], + "it": [ + "confezione", + "sartoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of a tailor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool-and-die work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of making special tools and dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couture" + ], + "it": [ + "couture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high fashion designing and dressmaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accountancy", + "accounting" + ], + "it": [ + "contabilità", + "ragioneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost accounting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keeping account of the costs of items in production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cost accounting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookkeeping", + "clerking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of recording business transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single entry", + "single-entry bookkeeping" + ], + "it": [ + "partita singola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple bookkeeping system; transactions are entered in only one account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double entry", + "double-entry bookkeeping" + ], + "it": [ + "partita doppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bookkeeper debits the transaction to one account and credits it to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory accounting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accounting that controls and evaluates inventory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo delle giacenze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first in first out", + "FIFO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inventory accounting in which the oldest items (those first acquired) are assumed to be the first sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last in first out", + "LIFO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inventory accounting in which the most recently acquired items are assumed to be the first sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butchery", + "butchering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of a butcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photography" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor", + "labour", + "toil" + ], + "it": [ + "fatica", + "lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "productive work (especially physical work done for wages)" + ], + "it": [ + "dispendio di energie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strikebreaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confrontational activities intended to break up a strike by workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corvee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drudgery", + "plodding", + "grind", + "donkeywork" + ], + "it": [ + "facchinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard monotonous routine work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effort", + "elbow grease", + "exertion", + "travail", + "sweat" + ], + "it": [ + "fatica", + "sforzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of physical or mental energy; hard work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "struggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strenuous effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestle", + "wrestling", + "grapple", + "grappling", + "hand-to-hand struggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt", + "hunting" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of finding and killing or capturing animals for food or pelts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hackwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional work done according to formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haymaking" + ], + "it": [ + "fienagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutting grass and curing it to make hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haymaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking full advantage of an opportunity while it lasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manual labor", + "manual labour" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro manuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "labor done with the hands" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro per cui si necessita dell'impiego di forza e abilità fisiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwork", + "overworking" + ], + "it": [ + "superlavoro", + "surmenage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of working too much or too long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slavery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subbing", + "substituting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "working as a substitute for someone who is ill or on leave of absence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble", + "difficulty" + ], + "it": [ + "briga", + "contrarietà", + "difficoltà", + "disagio", + "guaio", + "inconveniente", + "intoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effort that is inconvenient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something difficult or awkward to do or deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsuris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) aggravating trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least effort", + "least resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the least effortful way to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain", + "straining" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense or violent exertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise", + "exercising", + "physical exercise", + "physical exertion", + "workout" + ], + "it": [ + "esercizio", + "esercizio fisico", + "moto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sustained effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise that conditions the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "exercise set" + ], + "it": [ + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several exercises intended to be done in series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerobics", + "aerobic exercise" + ], + "it": [ + "aerobica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise that increases the need for oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodybuilding", + "anaerobic exercise", + "muscle building", + "musclebuilding" + ], + "it": [ + "body-building", + "culturismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise that builds muscles through tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weightlift", + "weightlifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bodybuilding by exercise that involves lifting weights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raising a weight from shoulder height to above the head by straightening the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weightlift in which you lie on your back on a bench and press weights upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incline bench press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bench press performed on an inclined bench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean and jerk", + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then jerked overhead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "military press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then smoothly lifted overhead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted overhead in one rapid motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight gaining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bodybuilding that increases muscle mass and body weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calisthenics", + "callisthenics" + ], + "it": [ + "callistenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light exercises designed to promote general fitness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calisthenics", + "callisthenics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of calisthenic exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometrics", + "isometric exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle-building exercises (or a system of musclebuilding exercises) involving muscular contractions against resistance without movement (the muscles contracts but the length of the muscle does not change)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isotonic exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise in which opposing muscles contract and there is controlled movement (tension is constant while the lengths of the muscles change)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jogging" + ], + "it": [ + "footing", + "jogging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kegel exercises", + "pubococcygeus exercises" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercises for women designed to improve the ability to hold urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stretching" + ], + "it": [ + "distensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pandiculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yawning and stretching (as when first waking up)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power walking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of cardiopulmonary exercise consisting of rapid walking accompanied by vigorous swinging of the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise designed to strengthen the arm muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pushup", + "press-up" + ], + "it": [ + "flessione", + "flessione sulle braccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm exercise performed lying face to the floor and pushing the body up and down with the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widegrip pushup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pushup with the arms widely separated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull-up", + "chin-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm exercise performed by pulling yourself up on a horizontal bar until your chin is level with the bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise designed to strengthen the back muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise designed to strengthen the leg muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee bend", + "squat", + "squatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercising by repeatedly assuming a crouching position with the knees bent; strengthens the leg muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg curl", + "leg curling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise designed to strengthen the flexor muscles of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg extensor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise designed to strengthen the extensor muscles of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise designed to strengthen the neck muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach exercise", + "tummy crunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise designed to strengthen the abdominal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stomach exercise in which a person sits up from a supine position without using the arms for leverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatha yoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yogic exercises (popular in the West) that combine difficult postures (which force the mind to withdraw from the outside world) with controlled breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice" + ], + "it": [ + "esercizio", + "pratica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exercise of a profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consultancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of giving expert advice within a particular field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of beautifying the face and hair and skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of dentistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family practice", + "family medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical practice that provides health care regardless of age or sex while placing emphasis on the family unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the practice of medicine by a group of physicians who share their premises and other resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optometry" + ], + "it": [ + "optometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of an optometrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of a profession independently and not as an employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quackery", + "empiricism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application", + "diligence" + ], + "it": [ + "accuratezza", + "applicazione", + "assiduità", + "impegno", + "scrupolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diligent effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overkill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any effort that seems to go farther than would be necessary to achieve its goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supererogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effort above and beyond the call of duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexertion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive exertion; so much exertion that discomfort or injury results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investigation", + "investigating" + ], + "it": [ + "indagazione", + "indagine", + "investigamento", + "investigazione", + "quest", + "ricercamento", + "rilevamento", + "rilevazione", + "survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of inquiring into something thoroughly and systematically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi", + "anatomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigation of the component parts of a whole and their relations in making up the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count", + "counting", + "numeration", + "enumeration", + "reckoning", + "tally" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo", + "computo", + "conta", + "conteggio", + "supputazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police work", + "police investigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the investigation of criminal activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detection", + "detecting", + "detective work", + "sleuthing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police investigation to determine the perpetrator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forensics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific tests or techniques used in the investigation of crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the systematic gathering up of suspects by the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empiricism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of empirical methods in any art or science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examination", + "scrutiny" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo", + "ispezione", + "esame accurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examination", + "testing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving students or candidates a test (as by questions) to determine what they know or have learned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquiry", + "enquiry" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic investigation of a matter of public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematic investigation to establish facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eleven-plus", + "11-plus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly in Britain) an examination taken by 11 and 12 year old students to select suitable candidates for grammar school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigation seeking answers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operations research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "research designed to determine most efficient way to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "means test" + ], + "it": [ + "accertamento dei redditi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquiry into the financial position of someone applying for financial aid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquiry into the cause of an unexpected death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific research that requires massive capital investment but is expected to yield very significant results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific research conducted by biologists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for the research activity that creates a copy of some biological entity (a gene or organism or cell)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproductive cloning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making a full living copy of an organism; requires a surrogate mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human reproductive cloning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive cloning of a sentient human being; generally considered ethically unacceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somatic cell nuclear transplantation", + "somatic cell nuclear transfer", + "SCNT", + "nuclear transplantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moving a cell nucleus and its genetic material from one cell to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapeutic cloning", + "biomedical cloning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuclear transplantation of a patient's own cells to make an oocyte from which immune-compatible cells (especially stem cells) can be derived for transplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem-cell research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "research on stem cells and their use in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryonic stem-cell research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biological research on stem cells derived from embryos and on their use in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experiment", + "experimentation" + ], + "it": [ + "esperimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marketing research", + "market research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "research that gathers and analyzes information about the moving of good or services from producer to consumer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marketing research that yields information about the marketplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marketing research that yields information about desired characteristics of the product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marketing research that yields information about the motives and needs of different classes of consumers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microscopy" + ], + "it": [ + "microscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "research with the use of microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron microscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopy with the use of electron microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron spin resonance", + "ESR", + "electron paramagnetic resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microwave spectroscopy in which there is resonant absorption of radiation by a paramagnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial and error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experimenting until a solution is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe" + ], + "it": [ + "scandagliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Human Genome Project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international study of the entire human genetic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific research", + "research project" + ], + "it": [ + "ricerca scientifica", + "ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "research into questions posed by scientific theories and hypotheses" + ], + "it": [ + "attività speculativa consistente in elaborazione e verifica di teorie scientifiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoscopy" + ], + "it": [ + "endoscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celioscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endoscopic examination of the abdomen through the abdominal wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination of the colon (with a colonoscope) from the cecum to the rectum; requires sedation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culdoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endoscopic examination of a woman's pelvic organs by the insertion of a culdoscope through the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination of the stomach by means of a gastroscope inserted through the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination of the uterus and uterine lining using an endoscope inserted through the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination of the rectum and the end of the colon by means of a proctoscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoidoscopy", + "flexible sigmoidoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual examination (with a sigmoidoscope) of the lower third of the colon in a search for polyps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonioscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination of the front part of the eye to check the angle where the iris meets the cornea; it is used to distinguish between open-angle glaucoma and closed-angle glaucoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination of the cornea with a keratoscope to detect irregularities in its anterior surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination of the nasal passages (either through the anterior nares or with a rhinoscope through the nasopharynx)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scanning; systematic examination of a prescribed region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of systematically moving a finely focused beam of light or electrons over a surface in order to produce an image of it for analysis or transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey", + "study" + ], + "it": [ + "indagine", + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed critical inspection" + ], + "it": [ + "ricerca approfondita su un argomento specifico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testing" + ], + "it": [ + "collaudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination of the characteristics of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "testing objects or persons in order to identify those with particular characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic screening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analyzing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time and motion study", + "time-and-motion study", + "time-motion study", + "motion study", + "time study", + "work study" + ], + "it": [ + "cronotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analysis of a specific job in an effort to find the most efficient method in terms of time and effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark ground illumination", + "dark field illumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of microscopic examination of living material by scattered light; specimens appear luminous against a dark background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescence microscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light microscopy in which the specimen is irradiated at wavelengths that excite fluorochromes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect immunofluorescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of using fluorescence microscopy to detect the presence of an antigen indirectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinalysis", + "uranalysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the chemical analysis of urine (for medical diagnosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the chemical analysis of excrement (for medical diagnosis or for paleontological purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical analysis", + "qualitative analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of decomposing a substance into its constituent elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrochemical method of chemical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantitative analysis", + "quantitative chemical analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chemical analysis to determine the amounts of each element in the substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorimetry", + "colorimetric analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quantitative chemical analysis by color using a colorimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volumetric analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quantitative analysis by the use of definite volumes of standard solutions or reagents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidimetry" + ], + "it": [ + "acidimetria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volumetric analysis using standard solutions of acids to measure the amount of a base present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalimetry" + ], + "it": [ + "alcalimetria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volumetric analysis using standard solutions of alkali to measure the amount of acid present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titration" + ], + "it": [ + "titolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titer) can then be calculated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volumetric analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determination of the volume of gases (or changes in their volume) during combination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravimetric analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quantitative analysis by weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost analysis" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi dei costi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking down the costs of some operation and reporting on each factor separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detailed critical analysis or examination one part at a time (as of a literary work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamental analysis", + "fundamentals analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock exchange) the use of fundamentals as an investment strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical analysis", + "technical analysis of stock trends" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(stock exchange) analysis of past price changes in the hope of forecasting future price changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectroscopy", + "spectrometry", + "spectroscopic analysis", + "spectrum analysis", + "spectrographic analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of spectroscopes to analyze spectra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialysis" + ], + "it": [ + "dialisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apheresis", + "pheresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure in which blood is drawn and separated into its components by dialysis; some are retained and the rest are returned to the donor by transfusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmapheresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plasma is separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plateletpheresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platelets are separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemodialysis", + "haemodialysis" + ], + "it": [ + "emodialisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dialysis of the blood to remove toxic substances or metabolic wastes from the bloodstream; used in the case of kidney failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass spectroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of spectroscopy to determine the masses of small electrically charged particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave spectroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of spectroscopy to study atomic or molecular resonances in the microwave spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "likening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of comparing similarities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analogy" + ], + "it": [ + "paragone", + "analogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "careful examination and comparison to note points of disagreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confrontation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a focussed comparison; bringing together for a careful comparison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distinguishing by comparing differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighterage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transportation of goods on a lighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official visit for inspection or supervision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "site visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visit in an official capacity to examine a site to determine its suitability for some enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveillance" + ], + "it": [ + "sorveglianza", + "vigilanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close observation of a person or group (usually by the police)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting into tabular form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood count" + ], + "it": [ + "esame emocromocitometrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete blood count", + "CBC", + "blood profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential blood count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counting the number of specific types of white blood cells found in 1 cubic millimeter of blood; may be included as part of a complete blood count" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "census", + "nose count", + "nosecount" + ], + "it": [ + "censo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic count of the population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countdown" + ], + "it": [ + "conto alla rovescia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counting backward from an arbitrary number to indicate the time remaining before some event (such as launching a space vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscount" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "calcolo errato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inaccurate count" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the counting of votes (as in an election)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recount" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "nuovo conteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of estimating the number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spying", + "undercover work" + ], + "it": [ + "spionaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of keeping a secret watch for intelligence purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiretap", + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tapping a telephone or telegraph line to get information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espionage" + ], + "it": [ + "spionaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the systematic use of spies to get military or political secrets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterespionage" + ], + "it": [ + "controspionaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spying on the spies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic surveillance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveillance by electronic means (e.g. television)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care", + "attention", + "aid", + "tending" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza", + "cura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maternalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motherly care; behavior characteristic of a mother; the practice of acting as a mother does toward her children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babysitting", + "baby sitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a baby sitter; caring for children when their parents are not home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet sitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a pet sitter; caring for pets in their own home while their owners are away from home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medical care received on first contact with the medical system (before being referred elsewhere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftercare" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care and treatment of a convalescent patient" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza medica post-degenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "brushing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of brushing your teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first aid" + ], + "it": [ + "pronto soccorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emergency care given before regular medical aid can be obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyedrop", + "eye-drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of irrigating the eye used by ophthalmologists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenergic agonist eyedrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and increasing its drainage through the uveoscleral pathway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta blocker eyedrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by reducing the production of aqueous humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miotic eyedrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor by constricting the pupil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topical prostaglandin eyedrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical care", + "medical aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional treatment for illness or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treatment", + "intervention" + ], + "it": [ + "cura", + "terapia", + "trattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitalization", + "hospitalisation", + "hospital care" + ], + "it": [ + "ospedalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "placing in medical care in a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubation" + ], + "it": [ + "incubazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintaining something at the most favorable temperature for its development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the care (feeding and stabling) of horses for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massage" + ], + "it": [ + "frega", + "fregagione", + "frizione", + "massaggio", + "strofinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kneading and rubbing parts of the body to increase circulation and promote relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac massage", + "heart massage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or, during surgery, directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effleurage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic stroking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrissage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massage of the skin which is gently lifted and squeezed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massage to relieve tension by finger pressure; based on the belief that there are reflex points on the feet, hands, and head that are connected to every part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish massage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massage combined with a system of active and passive exercises for the muscles and joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapotement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massage in which the body is tapped rhythmically with the fingers or with short rapid movements of the sides of the hand; used to loosen mucus on the chest walls of patients with bronchitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overall beauty treatment (involving a person's hair style and cosmetics and clothing) intended to change or improve a person's appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicure" + ], + "it": [ + "manicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional care for the hands and fingernails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional care for the feet and toenails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapy" + ], + "it": [ + "terapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of therapy that involves physical or electrical therapeutic treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diathermy" + ], + "it": [ + "diatermia", + "marconiterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of physical therapy that involves generating local heat in body tissues by high-frequency electromagnetic currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aromatherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the therapeutic use of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils in baths or massage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemotherapy" + ], + "it": [ + "chemioterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of a specific defect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrotherapy", + "galvanism", + "electric healing", + "electrical healing" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the therapeutic application of electricity to the body (as in the treatment of various forms of paralysis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliotherapy", + "insolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapeutic exposure to sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hormone replacement therapy", + "hormone-replacement therapy", + "HRT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormones (estrogen and progestin) are given to postmenopausal women; believed to protect them from heart disease and osteoporosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunotherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy designed to produce immunity to a disease or to enhance resistance by the immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrared therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of infrared radiation (as by infrared lamps or heating pads or hot water bottles) to relieve pain and increase circulation to a particular area of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflation therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy in which water or oxygen or a drug is introduced into the respiratory tract with inhaled air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iontophoresis", + "ionic medication", + "iontotherapy", + "electromotive drug administration", + "EMDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy that uses a local electric current to introduce the ions of a medicine into the tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medication" + ], + "it": [ + "medicatura", + "medicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of treating with medicines or remedies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipyresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medication with antipyretics to treat a fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megavitamin therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy based on a theory that taking very large doses of vitamins will prevent or cure physical or psychological disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupational therapy" + ], + "it": [ + "ergoterapia", + "prassiterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life, especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities in spite of impairments or limitations in physical or mental functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nourishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of nourishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care by a skilled nurse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender loving care", + "TLC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considerate and solicitous care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurturance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical and emotional care and nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for someone who is disabled or is otherwise unable to care for themselves; can including bathing and cooking and managing bodily functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin care", + "skincare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "trattamento di bellezza per il viso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for the face that usually involves cleansing and massage and the application of cosmetic creams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenoidectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the adenoids; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenalectomy", + "suprarenalectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendectomy", + "appendicectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the vermiform appendix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amputation" + ], + "it": [ + "amputazione", + "asportazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical removal of all or part of a limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angioplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrodesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthroplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint; the surgeon examines the joint with an arthroscope while making repairs through a small incision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoplasty" + ], + "it": [ + "autoinnesto", + "autoplastia", + "autoplastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical repair by using tissue from another part of the patient's own body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgical procedure involving the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychosurgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split-brain technique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castration" + ], + "it": [ + "castratura", + "castrazione", + "evirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the testes or ovaries (usually to inhibit hormone secretion in cases of breast cancer in women or prostate cancer in men)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cautery", + "cauterization", + "cauterisation" + ], + "it": [ + "cauterizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemosurgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craniotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "craniotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical opening through the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryosurgery" + ], + "it": [ + "criochirurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholecystectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "colecistectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the gall bladder (usually for relief of gallstone pain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clitoridectomy", + "female circumcision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excision of the clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laparoscopic cholecystectomy", + "lap choly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of the gall bladder through small punctures in the abdomen to permit the insertion of a laparoscope and surgical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curettage", + "curettement" + ], + "it": [ + "raschiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgery to remove tissue or growths from a bodily cavity (as the uterus) by scraping with a curette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction curettage", + "vacuum aspiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of induced abortion; prior to the 14th week of gestation the embryo and placenta are removed by applying suction to the dilated cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debridement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decortication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of the outer covering of an organ or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilation and curettage", + "dilatation and curettage", + "D and C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure usually performed under local anesthesia in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrial lining of the uterus is scraped with a curet; performed to obtain tissue samples or to stop prolonged bleeding or to remove small tumors or to remove fragments of placenta after childbirth or as a method of abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disembowelment", + "evisceration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing the bowels or viscera; the act of cutting so as to cause the viscera to protrude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrosurgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgery performed with electrical devices (as in electrocautery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterostomy", + "enterotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical operation that creates a permanent opening through the abdominal wall into the intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enucleation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of something without cutting into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation", + "surgery", + "surgical operation", + "surgical procedure", + "surgical process" + ], + "it": [ + "intervento", + "intervento chirurgico", + "operazione chirurgica", + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrong-site surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical operation performed on the wrong part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embolectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of an embolus (usually from an artery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endarterectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enervation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evisceration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of an organ (or the contents of an organ) from a patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exenteration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the organs within a body cavity (as those of the pelvis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye operation", + "eye surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgical procedure involving the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face lift", + "facelift", + "lift", + "face lifting", + "cosmetic surgery", + "rhytidectomy", + "rhytidoplasty", + "nip and tuck" + ], + "it": [ + "lifting", + "ritidectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure that creates a new fenestra to the cochlea in order to restore hearing lost because of osteosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of all or part of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroenterostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical creation of an opening between the stomach wall and the small intestines; performed when the normal opening has been eliminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart surgery" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiochirurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgical procedure involving the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed-heart surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-heart surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open, the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine while a heart valve or coronary artery is surgically repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary bypass", + "coronary bypass surgery", + "coronary artery bypass graft", + "CABG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open-heart surgery in which the rib cage is opened and a section of a blood vessel is grafted from the aorta to the coronary artery to bypass the blocked section of the coronary artery and improve the blood supply to the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port-access coronary bypass surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed by the use of small instruments and tiny cameras threaded through small incisions while the heart is stopped and blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimally invasive coronary bypass surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed on the beating heart by the use of small instruments and cameras threaded through small incisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhoidectomy", + "haemorrhoidectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure for tying hemorrhoids and excising them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemostasis", + "haemostasis", + "hemostasia", + "haemostasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure of stopping the flow of blood (as with a hemostat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypophysectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the pituitary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysterectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "isterectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysterotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical hysterectomy", + "panhysterectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the uterus and the ovaries and oviducts and cervix and related lymph nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total hysterectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the uterus and cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastromy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure that places something in the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incision", + "section", + "surgical incision" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cutting of or into body tissues or organs (especially by a surgeon as part of an operation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataract surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eye surgery that involves removing all or part of the lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens implant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intracapsular surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cataract surgery in which the entire lens is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extracapsular surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cataract surgery in which only the front of the lens is removed; the back of the lens capsule remains intact and provides support for the lens implant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclodestructive surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye operation that treats glaucoma by destroying the ciliary body with a laser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phacoemulsification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extracapsular surgery for cataracts in which ultrasonic sound breaks the cortex and nucleus of the lens into small fragments that are then vacuumed away through a small tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filtration surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eye surgery that opens a passage allowing excess aqueous humor to drain into surrounding tissues; a treatment for glaucoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye operation that treats closed-angle glaucoma by surgical removal of part of the iris of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the iris of the eye in order to enlarge the pupil or to treat closed-angle glaucoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial keratotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radial pattern of incisions in the cornea that cause the cornea to bulge; performed to correct myopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis", + "LASEK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser trabecular surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eye surgery that makes many tiny laser burns in an area that will increase the drainage of aqueous humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis", + "LASIK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitrectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous humor and replace it with saline solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perineotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the perineum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i38999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episiotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure that creates an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall to function as an anus; performed in cases of cancer of the colon or ulcerative colitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestinal bypass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical operation that shortens the small intestine; used in treating obesity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoplasty", + "corneal graft", + "corneal transplant" + ], + "it": [ + "cheratoplastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epikeratophakia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using a piece of donated corneal tissue to repair the eye of someone who has had a cataract removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipectomy", + "selective lipectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastic surgery involving the breakdown and removal of fatty tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liposuction", + "suction lipectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lipectomy (especially for cosmetic purposes) in which excess fatty tissue is removed from under the skin by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastopexy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastic surgery to lift or reshape the breasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plastic surgery of the nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otoplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reconstructive surgery of the auricle of the external ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laparotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "laparatomia", + "laparotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the abdominal wall; often done to examine abdominal organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laparoscopy" + ], + "it": [ + "celioscopia", + "laparoscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laparotomy performed with a laparoscope that makes a small incision to examine the abdominal cavity (especially the ovaries and Fallopian tubes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "laringectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer of the larynx)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "litotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a stone (calculus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholelithotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of gallstone through an incision in the gallbladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "lobectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a lobe from any organ of the body (as the lung or brain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amygdalotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callosotomy", + "callosectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobotomy", + "leukotomy", + "leucotomy", + "prefrontal lobotomy", + "prefrontal leukotomy", + "prefrontal leucotomy", + "frontal lobotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "lobotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical interruption of nerve tracts to and from the frontal lobe of the brain; often results in marked cognitive and personality changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transorbital lobotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of performing prefrontal lobotomy in which the surgical knife is inserted above the eyeball and moved to cut brain fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumpectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a tumor without removing much of the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes; performed in some cases of breast cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgical procedure that involves anesthesia or respiratory assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsurgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgery using operating microscopes and miniaturized precision instruments to perform intricate procedures on very small structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robotic telesurgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microsurgery in which the surgeon performs surgery by manipulating the hands of a robot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgical procedure that does not involve anesthesia or respiratory assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "mastectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modified radical mastectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of a breast and the pectoralis minor and some lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical mastectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of a breast and the underlying muscles (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple mastectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of a breast leaving the underlying muscles and the lymph nodes intact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastoidectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "mastoidectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of some or all of the mastoid process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meniscectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "nefrectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "neurectomia", + "nevrectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of all or part of a nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oophorectomy", + "ovariectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "ovariectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of one of both ovaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oophorosalpingectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of an eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchidectomy", + "orchiectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of one or both testicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumonectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a lung (usually to treat lung cancer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostatectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salpingectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "salpingectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of all or part of a septum (especially the nasal septum or atrial septum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoidectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part or all of the sigmoid colon (usually to remove a malignant tumor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splenectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "splenectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the spleen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stapedectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical interruption of a nerve pathway in the sympathetic nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroidectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsillectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "tonsillectomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the palatine tonsils; commonly performed along with adenoidectomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision or division of a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myringectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of the eardrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myringoplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myringotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the eardrum (to relieve pressure or release pus from the middle ear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurosurgery" + ], + "it": [ + "neurochirurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any surgery that involves the nervous system (brain or spinal cord or peripheral nerves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose job", + "rhinoplasty" + ], + "it": [ + "rinoplastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchiopexy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operation to bring an undescended testicle into the scrotum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the testis to obtain material for analysis (as in cases of abnormally low sperm count)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical sectioning of bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatopharyngoplasty", + "PPP", + "uvulopalatopharyngoplasty", + "UPPP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical resection of unnecessary palatal and oropharyngeal tissue to open the airway; intended to cure extreme cases of snoring (with or without sleep apnea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalloplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reconstructive surgery on the penis to repair congenital abnormality or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlebectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal or all or part of a vein; sometimes done in cases of severe varicose veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocoagulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic surgery", + "reconstructive surgery", + "anaplasty" + ], + "it": [ + "plastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgery concerned with therapeutic or cosmetic reformation of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of a polyp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctoplasty", + "rectoplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reconstructive surgery of the anus or rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part of a structure or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the nose to drain accumulated pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure in which spinal nerve roots are cut; done (anterior roots) to relieve intractable pain or (posterior roots) to stop severe muscle spasms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "sclerotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision of the sclerotic coat of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex-change operation", + "transsexual surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedures and hormonal treatments designed to alter a person's sexual characteristics so that the resemble those of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shirodkar's operation", + "purse-string operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure in which a suture is used to close the cervix in a pregnant woman; is performed when the cervix has failed to retain previous pregnancies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterilization", + "sterilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "isterilimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castration", + "emasculation" + ], + "it": [ + "castratura", + "castrazione", + "emasculazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neutering a male animal by removing the testicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutering", + "fixing", + "altering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sterilization of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaying" + ], + "it": [ + "castrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neutering a female by removing the ovaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strabotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surgical operation of cutting a muscle or tendon of the eye in order to correct strabismus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surgical procedure of manually restoring a displaced body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michelson-Morley experiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebrated experiment conducted by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley; their failure to detect any influence of the earth's motion on the velocity of light was the starting point for Einstein's theory of relativity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracheostomy", + "tracheotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "tracheotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air; performed when the pharynx is obstructed by edema or cancer or other causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplant", + "transplantation", + "organ transplant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation moving an organ from one organism (the donor) to another (the recipient)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transurethral resection of the prostate", + "TURP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trephination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that removes a circular section of bone from the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanoplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical correction or repair of defects or injuries in the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uranoplasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical correction of a defect of the palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justice" + ], + "it": [ + "giustizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administration", + "judicature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of meting out justice according to the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administration", + "giving medication" + ], + "it": [ + "somministrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of administering medication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of a solution (blood or saline or plasma etc.) one drop at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedation", + "drugging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of a sedative agent or drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrigation" + ], + "it": [ + "irrigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) cleaning a wound or body organ by flushing or washing out with water or a medicated solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irrigation with a jet of water or medicated solution into or around a body part (especially the vagina) to treat infections or cleanse from odorous contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enema", + "clyster" + ], + "it": [ + "clisma", + "clistere", + "enteroclisi", + "enteroclisma", + "eteroclisma", + "lavativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injection of a liquid through the anus to stimulate evacuation; sometimes used for diagnostic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonic irrigation", + "colonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water enema given to flush out the colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barium enema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enema in which a contrast medium (usually barium sulfate) is injected into the rectum and X-rays are taken to search for lesions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavage" + ], + "it": [ + "lavanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing out a hollow organ (especially the stomach) by flushing with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric lavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washing out the stomach with sterile water or a saltwater solution; removes blood or poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing", + "bandaging", + "binding" + ], + "it": [ + "bendaggio", + "bendatura", + "fasciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying a bandage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holistic medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical care of the whole person considered as subject to personal and social as well as organic factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of medical and emotional care for the terminally ill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injection", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "iniezione", + "puntura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryocautery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application of a substance that destroys tissue by freezing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocautery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application of a needle heated by an electric current to destroy tissue (as to remove warts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermocautery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cautery (destruction of tissue) by heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodletting" + ], + "it": [ + "salasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly used as a treatment to reduce excess blood (one of the four humors of medieval medicine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incision into a kidney (usually to remove a kidney stone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into the chest walls opening up the pleural cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valvotomy", + "valvulotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incision into a stenosed cardiac valve to relieve the obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venesection", + "phlebotomy" + ], + "it": [ + "flebotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into a vein; used to treat hemochromatosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment in which evacuated cups are applied to the skin to draw blood through the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defibrillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment by stopping fibrillation of heart muscles (usually by electric shock delivered by a defibrillator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detoxification" + ], + "it": [ + "disintossicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment for poisoning by neutralizing the toxic properties (normally a function of the liver)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detoxification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion", + "spinal fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correction of an unstable part of the spine by joining two or more vertebrae; usually done surgically but sometimes done by traction or immobilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faith healing", + "faith cure" + ], + "it": [ + "guarigione mistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care provided through prayer and faith in God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laying on of hands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a faith healer's hands to the patient's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical therapy", + "physiotherapy", + "physiatrics" + ], + "it": [ + "fisioterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and other modalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treatment of physical disabilities by massage and electrotherapy and exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytotherapy", + "herbal therapy", + "botanical medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of plants or plant extracts for medicinal purposes (especially plants that are not part of the normal diet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy" + ], + "it": [ + "psicoterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behavior therapy", + "behavior modification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy that seeks to extinguish or inhibit abnormal or maladaptive behavior by reinforcing desired behavior and extinguishing undesired behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assertiveness training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of psychotherapy that reinforces you for stating negative and positive feelings directly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aversion therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any technique of behavior modification that uses unpleasant stimuli in a controlled fashion to alter behavior in a therapeutic way; primarily used for alcoholism or drug abuse (but with little success)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desensitization technique", + "desensitisation technique", + "desensitization procedure", + "desensitisation procedure", + "systematic desensitization", + "systematic desensitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technique used in behavior therapy to treat phobias and other behavior problems involving anxiety; client is exposed to the threatening situation under relaxed conditions until the anxiety reaction is extinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of behavior therapy in which a survivor confronts feelings or phobias or anxieties about a traumatic event and relives it in the therapy situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implosion therapy", + "flooding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technique used in behavior therapy; client is flooded with experiences of a particular kind until becoming either averse to them or numbed to them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal inhibition", + "reciprocal-inhibition therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of behavior therapy based on the inhibition of one response by the occurrence of another response that is mutually incompatible with it; a relaxation response might be conditioned to a stimulus that previously evoked anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of behavior therapy that has been used in some mental institutions; patients are rewarded with tokens for appropriate behavior and the tokens may be cashed in for valued rewards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "client-centered therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the client determines the focus and pace of each session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisis intervention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy that focuses on acute critical situations (depressive episodes or attempted suicides or drug overdoses) with the aim of restoring the person to the level of functioning before the crisis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group therapy", + "group psychotherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy in which a small group of individuals meet with a therapist; interactions among the members are considered to be therapeutic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several therapeutic approaches in which a family is treated as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnotherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of psychotherapy for children that uses play situations for diagnosis or treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychoanalysis", + "analysis", + "depth psychology" + ], + "it": [ + "psicanalisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnoanalysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of hypnosis in conjunction with psychoanalysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-analysis" + ], + "it": [ + "autoanalisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of psychotherapeutic principles to the analysis of your own personality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotherapy", + "radiation therapy", + "radiation", + "actinotherapy", + "irradiation" + ], + "it": [ + "X-terapia", + "gammaterapia", + "radioterapia", + "radiumterapia", + "roentgenterapia", + "röntgenterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phototherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of strong light to treat acne or hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radium therapy", + "Curietherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of radium in radiation therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-ray therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the therapeutic use of X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysotherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of chemicals containing gold for treating diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock therapy", + "shock treatment" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrochoc", + "elettroshock", + "trattamento con elettroshock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of certain psychotic states by the administration of shocks that are followed by convulsions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroconvulsive therapy", + "electroshock", + "electroshock therapy", + "ECT" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrochoc", + "elettroshock", + "elettroshockterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of a strong electric current that passes through the brain to induce convulsions and coma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulin shock", + "insulin shock therapy", + "insulin shock treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of sufficient insulin to induce convulsions and coma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrazol shock", + "metrazol shock therapy", + "metrazol shock treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of sufficient Metrazol to induce convulsions and coma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech therapy" + ], + "it": [ + "ortofonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any therapy intended to correct a disorder of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigeration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermotherapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of heat to treat a disease or disorder; heating pads or hot compresses or hot-water bottles are used to promote circulation in peripheral vascular disease or to relax tense muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombolytic therapy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy consisting of the administration of a pharmacological agent to cause thrombolysis of an abnormal blood clot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiropractic" + ], + "it": [ + "chiroprassi", + "chiropratica", + "chiroterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of treatment that manipulates body structures (especially the spine) to relieve low back pain or even headache or high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fomentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application of warm wet coverings to a part of the body to relieve pain and inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "naturismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naprapathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drugless method of treatment based on the belief that disease symptoms arise from problems with ligaments and connective tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodontic treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dental treatment that corrects irregularities of the teeth or of the relation of the teeth to surrounding anatomy; treatment is usually by braces or mechanical aids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoptics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of defects of binocular vision (such as strabismus and amblyopia) by nonsurgical measures (especially by exercises to strengthen the eye muscles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteopathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapy based on the assumption that restoring health is best accomplished by manipulating the skeleton and muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoclasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinfection" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorination" + ], + "it": [ + "clorazione", + "clorurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disinfection of water by the addition of small amounts of chlorine or a chlorine compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitalization", + "digitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of digitalis for the treatment of certain heart disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticoagulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administration of an anticoagulant drug to retard coagulation of the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acupuncture", + "stylostixis" + ], + "it": [ + "agopuntura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acupressure", + "G-Jo", + "shiatsu" + ], + "it": [ + "agopressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of symptoms by applying pressure with the fingers to specific pressure points on the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autogenic therapy", + "autogenic training", + "autogenics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training patients in self-induced relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "allopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usual method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects differing from those produced by the disease itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeopathy", + "homoeopathy" + ], + "it": [ + "omeopatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydropathy", + "hydrotherapy" + ], + "it": [ + "idroterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensive care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close monitoring and constant medical care of patients with life-threatening conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest-cure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rest as a medical treatment for stress or anxiety etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk", + "stalking", + "still hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hunt for game carried on by following it stealthily or waiting in ambush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deerstalking" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalking deer" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia al cervo a piedi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdnesting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting for birds' nests to get the eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friction", + "detrition", + "rubbing" + ], + "it": [ + "attrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effort expended in moving one object over another with pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application", + "coating", + "covering" + ], + "it": [ + "applicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of applying something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anointing", + "anointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying oil or an oily liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumigation" + ], + "it": [ + "fumigazione", + "suffumigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a gas or smoke to something for the purpose of disinfecting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of coating glass with metal foil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanization", + "galvanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either the work of covering with metal by the use of a galvanic current or the coating of iron with zinc to protect it from rusting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodywork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of making or repairing vehicle bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handling" + ], + "it": [ + "maneggio", + "movimentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materials handling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of loading and unloading and moving goods within e.g. a factory especially using mechanical devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loading" + ], + "it": [ + "caricamento", + "carico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the labor of putting a load of something on or in a vehicle or ship or container etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unloading" + ], + "it": [ + "scarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the labor of taking a load of something off of or out of a vehicle or ship or container etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picking" + ], + "it": [ + "coglitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of picking (crops or fruit or hops etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickings", + "taking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of someone who picks up or takes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of covering an area with planks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of installing the wires for an electrical system or device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craft that requires skillful hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing", + "stitching" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiuntatura", + "cucitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joining or attaching by stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making bread or cake or pastry etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind stitching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stitching that is not easily seen or noticed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suturing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical joining of two surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasectomy" + ], + "it": [ + "vasectomia", + "vasoresezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasotomy", + "vasosection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical incision into or division of the vas deferens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasovasostomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure that attempts to restore the function of the vas deferens after a vasectomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulvectomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical removal of part or all of the vulva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivisection" + ], + "it": [ + "vivisezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubrication" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrassaggio", + "lubrificazione", + "oliatura", + "ungitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application of a lubricant to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paving", + "pavage" + ], + "it": [ + "lastricatura", + "pavimentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying paving materials to an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying paint to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spraying" + ], + "it": [ + "irrorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a liquid in the form of small particles ejected from a sprayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applying paint with a sprayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatter", + "spattering", + "splash", + "splashing", + "splattering" + ], + "it": [ + "schizzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of splashing a (liquid) substance on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger-painting" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "dipingere con le mani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting by using the fingers to spread the paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinning", + "tin-plating" + ], + "it": [ + "stagnatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a protective layer of tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a thin layer of soft solder to the ends of wires before soldering them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papering", + "paperhanging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of wallpaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pargeting", + "pargetting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental plastering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastering", + "daubing" + ], + "it": [ + "intonacamento", + "intonacatura", + "stuccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plating" + ], + "it": [ + "laminatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of a thin coat of metal (as by electrolysis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of very thin coat of color over the surface of a picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of tiles to cover a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxing" + ], + "it": [ + "ceratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of wax to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duty" + ], + "it": [ + "dovere", + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligo ben preciso e precedentemente concordato o derivante dalla propria condizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job", + "task", + "chore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball-buster", + "ball-breaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a job or situation that is demanding and arduous and punishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper route" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the job of delivering newspapers regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual's prescribed share of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function", + "office", + "part", + "role" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione", + "ruolo", + "carica", + "ufficio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione", + "veste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specified function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a person's role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portfolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the role of the head of a government department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stead", + "position", + "place", + "lieu" + ], + "it": [ + "carica", + "incarico", + "luogo", + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behalf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as \"on behalf of\" rather than \"in behalf of\")" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second fiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary role or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "role" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gender role" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione", + "ruolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher", + "mound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position on a baseball team of the player who throws the ball for a batter to try to hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position on a baseball team of the player who is stationed behind home plate and who catches the balls that the pitcher throws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first base", + "first" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed at first of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second base", + "second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the second of the bases in the infield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortstop", + "short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed between second and third base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third base", + "third" + ], + "it": [ + "terza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the third of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left field", + "leftfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the left third of the outfield (looking from home plate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center field", + "centerfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the central third of the outfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right field", + "rightfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the right third of the outfield (looking from home plate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stolen base; an instance in which a base runner advances safely during the delivery of a pitch (without the help of a hit or walk or passed ball or wild pitch)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forward" + ], + "it": [ + "avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position on a basketball, soccer, or hockey team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the jump that starts the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position on a basketball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linebacker", + "line backer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterback", + "signal caller", + "field general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of a back on a football team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halfback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of a back on a football team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the off side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the on side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school assignment", + "schoolwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classroom project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school task requiring considerable effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a student's work that is done in the classroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homework", + "prep", + "preparation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesson" + ], + "it": [ + "compito", + "lezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a task assigned for individual study" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che viene assegnato agli allievi da preparare a casa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of instruction learning a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruction in the French language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruction in the German language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebrew lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruction in the Hebrew language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise", + "example" + ], + "it": [ + "esercizio", + "pratica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading assignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reading of a passage assigned by the teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignment", + "duty assignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard duty", + "guard", + "sentry duty", + "sentry go" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the duty of serving as a sentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue duty", + "fatigue" + ], + "it": [ + "comandata", + "corvè", + "corvé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission", + "missionary work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organized work of a religious missionary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "da'wah", + "dawah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "missionary work for Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission", + "charge", + "commission" + ], + "it": [ + "incarico", + "incombenza", + "missione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special assignment that is given to a person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fool's errand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fruitless mission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission impossible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely dangerous or difficult mission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide mission", + "martyr operation", + "sacrifice operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing or injuring others while annihilating yourself; usually accomplished with a bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "errand" + ], + "it": [ + "commissione", + "corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assignment to a different duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondment" + ], + "it": [ + "distacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the detachment of a person from their regular organization for temporary assignment elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea-duty", + "service abroad", + "shipboard duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval service aboard a ship at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval service at land bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scut work", + "shitwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trivial, unrewarding, tedious, dirty, and disagreeable chores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrongdoing", + "wrongful conduct", + "misconduct", + "actus reus" + ], + "it": [ + "malefatta", + "malafatta", + "mala fatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity that transgresses moral or civil law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalization", + "brutalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of treating someone savagely or viciously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass", + "encroachment", + "violation", + "intrusion", + "usurpation" + ], + "it": [ + "sconfinamento", + "violazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entry to another's property without right or permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inroad" + ], + "it": [ + "incursione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an encroachment or intrusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tort", + "civil wrong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) any wrongdoing for which an action for damages may be brought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienation of affection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tort based on willful and malicious interference with the marriage relation by a third party without justification or excuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invasion of privacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrongful interference with the possession of property (personal property as well as realty), or the action instituted to recover damages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuing trespass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trespass that is not transient or intermittent but continues as long as the offending object remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass de bonis asportatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action brought to recover damages from a person who has taken goods or property from its rightful owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass on the case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action brought to recover damages from a person whose actions have resulted indirectly in injury or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass quare clausum fregit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the defendant unlawfully enters the land of the plaintiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass viet armis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trespass with force and arms resulting in injury to another's person or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malversation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misconduct in public office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misbehavior", + "misbehaviour", + "misdeed" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "comportamento scorretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improper or wicked or immoral behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delinquency", + "juvenile delinquency" + ], + "it": [ + "delinquenza minorile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antisocial misdeed in violation of the law by a minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mischief", + "mischief-making", + "mischievousness", + "deviltry", + "devilry", + "devilment", + "rascality", + "roguery", + "roguishness", + "shenanigan" + ], + "it": [ + "birbantaggine", + "birbanteria", + "birboneria", + "canagliata", + "cialtroneria", + "furfantaggine", + "furfanteria", + "marioleria", + "ribalderia", + "vigliaccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hell", + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy and unrestrained mischief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mischievous or deceitful behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent lawless behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiarity", + "impropriety", + "indecorum", + "liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "confidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of undue intimacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnormality", + "irregularity" + ], + "it": [ + "anormalità", + "eccezione", + "stranezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviation", + "deviance" + ], + "it": [ + "deviante", + "devianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deviate behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecency", + "impropriety" + ], + "it": [ + "impudicizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indecent or improper act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraphilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal sexual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibitionism", + "immodesty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perverse act of exposing and attracting attention to your own genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetishism", + "fetichism" + ], + "it": [ + "feticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual arousal or gratification resulting from handling a fetish (or a specific part of the body other than the sexual organs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedophilia", + "paedophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexual attraction to children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voyeurism" + ], + "it": [ + "scopofilia", + "voyeurismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perversion in which a person receives sexual gratification from seeing the genitalia of others or witnessing others' sexual behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoophilia", + "zoophilism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexual attraction to animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscenity" + ], + "it": [ + "oscenità", + "scurrilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obscene act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indiscretion", + "peccadillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petty misdeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infantilism" + ], + "it": [ + "infantilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infantile behavior in mature persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dereliction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willful negligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonfeasance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to act when under an obligation to do so; a refusal (without sufficient excuse) to do that which it is your legal duty to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negligence", + "carelessness", + "neglect", + "nonperformance" + ], + "it": [ + "negligenza", + "sbalorditaggine", + "trascuratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative negligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) negligence allocated between the plaintiff and the defendant with a corresponding reduction in damages paid to the plaintiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrent negligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) negligence of two of more persons acting independently; the plaintiff may sue both together or separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contributory negligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) behavior by the plaintiff that contributes to the harm resulting from the defendant's negligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal negligence", + "culpable negligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) recklessly acting without reasonable caution and putting another person at risk of injury or death (or failing to do something with the same consequences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglect of duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) breach of a duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evasion", + "escape", + "dodging" + ], + "it": [ + "evasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonperformance of something distasteful (as by deceit or trickery) that you are supposed to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of behavior that evades unpleasant realities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malingering", + "skulking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evading duty or work by pretending to be incapacitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirking", + "slacking", + "soldiering", + "goofing off", + "goldbricking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evasion of work or duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumvention" + ], + "it": [ + "circonvenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of evading by going around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax evasion" + ], + "it": [ + "evasione fiscale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate failure to pay taxes (usually by making a false report)" + ], + "it": [ + "mancato pagamento volontario delle imposte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malfeasance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrongful conduct by a public official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfeasance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing a proper act in a wrongful or injurious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malpractice" + ], + "it": [ + "reato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrongful act that the actor had no right to do; improper professional conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malpractice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional wrongdoing that results in injury or damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perversion" + ], + "it": [ + "pervertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of perverting something (turning it to a wrong use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "wastefulness", + "dissipation" + ], + "it": [ + "dispendio", + "dissipazione", + "profusione", + "scialo", + "sciupio", + "sperperamento", + "sperpero", + "sprecamento", + "spreco", + "logorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste of effort", + "waste of energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a useless effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste of material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a useless consumption of material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste of money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money spent for inadequate return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste of time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the devotion of time to a useless activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravagance", + "prodigality", + "lavishness", + "highlife", + "high life" + ], + "it": [ + "prodigalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive spending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squandering" + ], + "it": [ + "dilapidamento", + "dilapidazione", + "dissipazione", + "scialacquamento", + "sperperamento", + "sperpero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spending resources lavishly and wastefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squandermania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prodigious squandering (usually by a government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrong", + "legal injury", + "damage" + ], + "it": [ + "danno", + "torto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrongdoing that violates another's rights and is unjustly inflicted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that causes someone or something to receive physical damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injustice", + "unfairness", + "iniquity", + "shabbiness" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiustizia", + "ingiusto", + "scorrettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unjust act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infliction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act causing pain or damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of going beyond or overstepping some boundary or limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgression", + "evildoing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of transgressing; the violation of a law or a duty or moral principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action that is vicious or vile; an action that arouses disgust or abhorrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evil", + "immorality", + "wickedness", + "iniquity" + ], + "it": [ + "immoralità", + "iniquità", + "malvagità", + "scelleratezza", + "male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "morally objectionable behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villainy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal or vicious act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviltry", + "devilry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wicked and cruel behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enormity" + ], + "it": [ + "empietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of extreme wickedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul play" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco scorretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfair or dishonest behavior (especially involving violence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreverence", + "violation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disrespectful act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual immorality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evil ascribed to sexual acts that violate social conventions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profanation", + "desecration", + "blasphemy", + "sacrilege" + ], + "it": [ + "profanazione", + "sacrilegio", + "violazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blasphemous behavior; the act of depriving something of its sacred character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depravity", + "turpitude" + ], + "it": [ + "depravazione", + "perversione", + "turpitudine", + "viziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice" + ], + "it": [ + "cancrena", + "gangrena", + "vizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific form of evildoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pornography", + "porno", + "porn", + "erotica", + "smut" + ], + "it": [ + "porno", + "pornografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creative activity (writing or pictures or films etc.) of no literary or artistic value other than to stimulate sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child pornography", + "kiddie porn", + "kiddy porn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the illegal use of children in pornographic pictures or films" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intemperance", + "intemperateness", + "self-indulgence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess in action and immoderate indulgence of bodily appetites, especially in passion or indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intemperance", + "intemperateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consumption of alcoholic drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostitution", + "harlotry", + "whoredom" + ], + "it": [ + "meretricio", + "prostituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offering sexual intercourse for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profligacy", + "dissipation", + "dissolution", + "licentiousness", + "looseness" + ], + "it": [ + "dissolutezza", + "scostumatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissolute indulgence in sensual pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink", + "drinking", + "boozing", + "drunkenness", + "crapulence" + ], + "it": [ + "bere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess" + ], + "it": [ + "l'atto o l'abitudine del bere alcolici fino all'eccesso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking bout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long period of drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "package tour", + "package holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tour arranged by a travel agent; transportation and food and lodging are all provided at an inclusive price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pub crawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tour of bars or public houses (usually taking one drink at each stop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle-stop tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tour by a candidate as part of a political campaign in which a series of small towns are visited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bout of drinking or drug taking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonesty", + "knavery" + ], + "it": [ + "disonestà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of honesty; acts of lying or cheating or stealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treachery", + "betrayal", + "treason", + "perfidy" + ], + "it": [ + "tradimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of deliberate betrayal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double cross", + "double-crossing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of betrayal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sellout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of betrayal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charlatanism", + "quackery" + ], + "it": [ + "ciarlataneria", + "ciarlatanismo", + "millanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dishonesty of a charlatan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagiarism", + "plagiarization", + "plagiarisation", + "piracy" + ], + "it": [ + "plagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of plagiarizing; taking someone's words or ideas as if they were your own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trick" + ], + "it": [ + "abbindolamento", + "abbindolatura", + "bindolo", + "inghippo", + "raggiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to get you to do something foolish or imprudent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsification", + "falsehood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rendering something false as by fraudulent changes (of documents or measures etc.) or counterfeiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsification", + "misrepresentation" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a willful perversion of facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame-up", + "setup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that incriminates someone on a false charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distortion", + "overrefinement", + "straining", + "torture", + "twisting" + ], + "it": [ + "deformazione", + "distorsione", + "mistificazione", + "storpiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distorting something so it seems to mean something it was not intended to mean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivocation", + "tergiversation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "falsification by means of vague or ambiguous language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lying", + "prevarication", + "fabrication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate act of deviating from the truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibbing", + "paltering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivial act of lying or being deliberately unclear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fakery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of faking (or the product of faking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deception", + "deceit", + "dissembling", + "dissimulation" + ], + "it": [ + "accalappiamento", + "inganno", + "mistificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deceiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deceitful action that is not straightforward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trickery", + "chicanery", + "chicane", + "guile", + "wile", + "shenanigan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplicity", + "double-dealing" + ], + "it": [ + "doppiezza", + "duplicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting in bad faith; deception by pretending to entertain one set of intentions while acting under the influence of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophistication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud", + "fraudulence", + "dupery", + "hoax", + "humbug", + "put-on" + ], + "it": [ + "baratteria", + "imbroglio", + "frode", + "truffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldbrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is supposed to be valuable but turns out to be worthless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jugglery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artful trickery designed to achieve an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scam", + "cozenage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraudulent business scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheat", + "cheating" + ], + "it": [ + "frode", + "imbroglio", + "inganno", + "trappoleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deception for profit to yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerrymander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of gerrymandering (dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusion", + "illusion", + "head game" + ], + "it": [ + "inganno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deluding; deception by creating illusory ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretense", + "pretence", + "pretending", + "simulation", + "feigning" + ], + "it": [ + "finta", + "finzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a false appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance", + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "apparenza", + "aspetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make-believe", + "pretend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enactment of a pretense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affectation", + "mannerism", + "pose", + "affectedness" + ], + "it": [ + "affettazione", + "leziosaggine", + "leziosità", + "ricercatezza", + "sciropposità", + "svenia", + "vezzosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical pose created for effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical chic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affectation of radical left-wing views and the fashionable dress and lifestyle that goes with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masquerade" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherata", + "messa in scena", + "messinscena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making a false outward show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imposture", + "impersonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretending to be another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscurantism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate act intended to make something obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluff", + "four flush" + ], + "it": [ + "bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bluffing in poker; deception by a false show of confidence in the strength of your cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking in as by fooling or cheating or swindling someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "caduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lapse into sin; a loss of innocence or of chastity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sin", + "sinning" + ], + "it": [ + "colpa", + "errore", + "male", + "peccato", + "vizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actual sin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sin committed of your own free will (as contrasted with original sin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "original sin" + ], + "it": [ + "peccato originale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sin said to be inherited by all descendants of Adam" + ], + "it": [ + "peccato, secondo la dottrina cattolica, ereditato alla nascita da tutti i discendenti di Adamo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortal sin", + "deadly sin" + ], + "it": [ + "peccato mortale", + "peccato capitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpardonable sin entailing a total loss of grace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venial sin" + ], + "it": [ + "peccato veniale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pardonable sin regarded as entailing only a partial loss of grace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride", + "superbia" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "gonfiaggine", + "presunzione", + "superbia", + "supponenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unreasonable and inordinate self-esteem (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envy", + "invidia" + ], + "it": [ + "invidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avarice", + "greed", + "covetousness", + "rapacity", + "avaritia" + ], + "it": [ + "avarizia", + "bramosia", + "bramosità", + "cupidigia", + "cupidità", + "libidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reprehensible acquisitiveness; insatiable desire for wealth (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloth", + "laziness", + "acedia" + ], + "it": [ + "accidia", + "indolenza", + "poltronaggine", + "poltroneria", + "scioperataggine", + "scioperatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apathy and inactivity in the practice of virtue (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrath", + "anger", + "ire", + "ira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belligerence aroused by a real or supposed wrong (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluttony", + "overeating", + "gula" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiottoneria", + "golosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lust", + "luxuria" + ], + "it": [ + "lussuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-indulgent sexual desire (personified as one of the deadly sins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of extreme fear in order to coerce people (especially for political reasons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorism", + "act of terrorism", + "terrorist act" + ], + "it": [ + "terrorismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the calculated use of violence (or the threat of violence) against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or religious or ideological in nature; this is done through intimidation or coercion or instilling fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioterrorism", + "biological terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism using the weapons of biological warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism using the chemical agents of chemical warfare; can undermine the personal security of citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyber-terrorism", + "cyberwar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assault on electronic communication networks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism practiced in your own country against your own people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecoterrorism", + "ecological terrorism", + "eco-warfare", + "ecological warfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violence carried out to further the political or social objectives of the environmentalists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism practiced in a foreign country by terrorists who are not native to that country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcoterrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the financing of terrorist activities by participation in the drug trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of a nuclear device by a terrorist organization to cause massive devastation or the use (or threat of use) of fissionable radioactive materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state-sponsored terrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism practiced by a government against its own people or in support of international terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theoterrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrorism for a religious purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorization", + "terrorisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barratry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offense of vexatiously persisting in inciting lawsuits and quarrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champerty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unethical agreement between an attorney and client that the attorney would sue and pay the costs of the client's suit in return for a portion of the damages awarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maintenance", + "criminal maintenance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unauthorized interference in a legal action by a person having no interest in it (as by helping one party with money or otherwise to continue the action) so as to obstruct justice or promote unnecessary litigation or unsettle the peace of the community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crime", + "offense", + "criminal offense", + "criminal offence", + "offence", + "law-breaking" + ], + "it": [ + "crimine", + "delitto", + "fattaccio", + "illecito", + "misfatto", + "reato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crime" + ], + "it": [ + "crimine", + "delitto", + "misfatto", + "scellerataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil act not necessarily punishable by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some transgression committed with the assistance of someone trusted by the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assault" + ], + "it": [ + "aggressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threatened or attempted physical attack by someone who appears to be able to cause bodily harm if not stopped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggravated assault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reckless attack with intent to injure seriously (as with a deadly weapon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery", + "assault and battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital offense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime so serious that capital punishment is considered appropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybercrime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person's identity or sell contraband or stalk victims or disrupt operations with malevolent programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felony" + ], + "it": [ + "crimine", + "delitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious crime (such as murder or arson)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgery" + ], + "it": [ + "adulteramento", + "adulterazione", + "alterazione", + "contraffazione", + "falsamento", + "falsificamento", + "falsificazione", + "falso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criminal falsification by making or altering an instrument with intent to defraud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud" + ], + "it": [ + "baratteria", + "fraudolenza", + "frode", + "imbroglio", + "raggiro", + "truffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intentional deception resulting in injury to another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barratry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(maritime law) a fraudulent breach of duty by the master of a ship that injures the owner of the ship or its cargo; includes every breach of trust such as stealing or sinking or deserting the ship or embezzling the cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Had crime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) serious crimes committed by Muslims and punishable by punishments established in the Koran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hijack", + "highjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayhem" + ], + "it": [ + "sevizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the willful and unlawful crippling or mutilation of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdemeanor", + "misdemeanour", + "infraction", + "violation", + "infringement" + ], + "it": [ + "infrazione", + "trasgressione", + "violazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime less serious than a felony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violation", + "infringement" + ], + "it": [ + "violazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that disregards an agreement or a right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyright infringement", + "infringement of copyright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violation of the rights secured by a copyright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that violates the rules of a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal foul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foul that involves unnecessarily rough contact (as in basketball or football)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical foul", + "technical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) a foul that can be assessed on a player or a coach or a team for unsportsmanlike conduct; does not usually involve physical contact during play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent infringement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violation of the rights secured by a patent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorderly conduct", + "disorderly behavior", + "disturbance of the peace", + "breach of the peace" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbo della quite pubblica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any act of molesting, interrupting, hindering, agitating, or arousing from a state of repose or otherwise depriving inhabitants of the peace and quiet to which they are entitled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false pretense", + "false pretence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an offense involving intent to defraud and false representation and obtaining property as a result of that misrepresentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecent exposure", + "public nudity" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulgar and offensive nakedness in a public place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perjury", + "bearing false witness", + "lying under oath" + ], + "it": [ + "spergiuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criminal offense of making false statements under oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resisting arrest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical efforts to oppose a lawful arrest; the resistance is classified as assault and battery upon the person of the police officer attempting to make the arrest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority and tending to cause the disruption or overthrow of the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetration", + "commission", + "committal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of committing a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape", + "violation", + "assault", + "ravishment" + ], + "it": [ + "brutalizzazione", + "stupro", + "violenza carnale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crime of forcing a woman to submit to sexual intercourse against her will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date rape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rape in which the rapist is known to the victim (as when they are on a date together)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "attempt" + ], + "it": [ + "attentato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of attacking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mugging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assault with intent to rob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual assault", + "sexual abuse", + "sex crime", + "sex offense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tazir crime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) minor crimes committed by Muslims; crimes that are not mentioned in the Koran so judges are free to punish the offender in any appropriate way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statutory offense", + "statutory offence", + "regulatory offense", + "regulatory offence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crimes created by statutes and not by common law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thuggery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent or brutal acts as of thugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offense of marrying someone while you have a living spouse from whom no valid divorce has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture", + "seizure" + ], + "it": [ + "cattura", + "sequestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking of a person by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abduction" + ], + "it": [ + "rapimento", + "ratto", + "sequestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the criminal act of capturing and carrying away by force a family member; if a man's wife is abducted it is a crime against the family relationship and against the wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidnapping", + "snatch" + ], + "it": [ + "rapimento", + "sequestro di persona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the unlawful act of capturing and carrying away a person against their will and holding them in false imprisonment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket", + "fraudulent scheme", + "illegitimate enterprise" + ], + "it": [ + "racket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racketeering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engaging in a racket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bribery", + "graft" + ], + "it": [ + "corruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barratry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crime of a judge whose judgment is influenced by bribery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial bribery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bribery of a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into a transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embezzlement", + "peculation", + "defalcation", + "misapplication", + "misappropriation" + ], + "it": [ + "appropriazione indebita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fraudulent appropriation of funds or property entrusted to your care but actually owned by someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity theft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the co-option of another person's personal information (e.g., name, Social Security number, credit card number, passport) without that person's knowledge and the fraudulent use of such knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raid" + ], + "it": [ + "truffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt by speculators to defraud investors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunderage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of plundering (especially the embezzlement of goods on shipboard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of the mails to defraud someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misrepresentation or alteration of the true results of an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructive fraud", + "legal fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises all acts or omissions or concealments involving breach of equitable or legal duty or trust or confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrinsic fraud", + "collateral fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fraud that prevents a party from knowing their rights or from having a fair opportunity of presenting them at trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud in fact", + "positive fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actual deceit; concealing something or making a false representation with an evil intent to cause injury to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud in law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fraud that is presumed from the circumstances although the one who commits it need not have had any evil intent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud in the factum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fraud that arises from a disparity between the instrument intended to be executed and the instrument actually executed; e.g., leading someone to sign the wrong contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraud in the inducement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fraud which intentionally causes a person to execute and instrument or make an agreement or render a judgment; e.g., misleading someone about the true facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrinsic fraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunco", + "bunco game", + "bunko", + "bunko game", + "con", + "confidence trick", + "confidence game", + "con game", + "gyp", + "hustle", + "sting", + "flimflam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swindle in which you cheat at gambling or persuade a person to buy worthless property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sting operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complicated confidence game planned and executed with great care (especially an operation implemented by undercover agents to apprehend criminals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramiding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraudulent business practice involving some form of pyramid scheme e.g., the chain of distribution is artificially expanded by an excessive number of distributors selling to other distributors at progressively higher wholesale prices until retail prices are unnecessarily inflated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swindle", + "cheat", + "rig" + ], + "it": [ + "bidonata", + "bidone", + "buggerata", + "buggeratura", + "fregata", + "fregatura", + "imbroglio", + "impiombatura", + "inculata", + "inganno", + "inghippo", + "raggiro", + "truffa", + "turlupinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of swindling by some fraudulent scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holdout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hiding playing cards in a gambling game so they are available for personal use later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British slang for a swindle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell game", + "thimblerig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swindling sleight-of-hand game; victim guesses which of three things a pellet is under" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larceny", + "theft", + "thievery", + "thieving", + "stealing" + ], + "it": [ + "furto", + "ladreria", + "ladrocinio", + "ladroneccio", + "latrocinio", + "mangeria", + "pappata", + "ruba", + "rubamento", + "ruberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking something from someone unlawfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilferage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stealing small amounts or small articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoplifting", + "shrinkage" + ], + "it": [ + "taccheggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stealing goods that are on display in a store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robbery" + ], + "it": [ + "rapina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larceny by threat of violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armed robbery", + "heist", + "holdup", + "stickup" + ], + "it": [ + "rapina a mano armata", + "grassazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robbery at gunpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treason", + "high treason", + "lese majesty" + ], + "it": [ + "alto tradimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime that undermines the offender's government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice crime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vice that is illegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimless crime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that is legally a crime but that seem to have no victims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war crime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime committed in wartime; violation of rules of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biopiracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biological theft; illegal collection of indigenous plants by corporations who patent them for their own use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper", + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime (especially a robbery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacoity", + "dakoity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robbery by a gang of armed dacoits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heist", + "rip-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highjacking", + "hijacking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robbery of a traveller or vehicle in transit or seizing control of a vehicle by the use of force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highway robbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robbery of travellers on or near a public road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piracy", + "buccaneering" + ], + "it": [ + "pirateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hijacking on the high seas or in similar contexts; taking a ship or plane away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of robbing a helpless person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand larceny", + "grand theft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larceny of property having a value greater than some amount (the amount varies by locale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit larceny", + "petty larceny", + "petty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larceny of property having a value less than some amount (the amount varies by locale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to declare income in order to avoid paying taxes on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extortion" + ], + "it": [ + "estorsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the felonious act of extorting money (as by threats of violence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackmail" + ], + "it": [ + "ricatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extortion of money by threats to divulge discrediting information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protection", + "tribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shakedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extortion of money (as by blackmail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burglary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housebreaking", + "break-in", + "breaking and entering" + ], + "it": [ + "scasso", + "violazione di domicilio con scasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trespassing for an unlawful purpose; illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home invasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burglary of a dwelling while the residents are at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint venture" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa collettiva", + "impresa in partecipazione", + "joint-venture", + "joint venture", + "società a capitale misto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venture by a partnership or conglomerate designed to share risk or expertise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign direct investment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint venture between a foreign company and a United States company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experiment" + ], + "it": [ + "esperimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venture at something new or different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forlorn hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hopeless or desperate enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attempt", + "effort", + "endeavor", + "endeavour", + "try" + ], + "it": [ + "prova", + "sforzo", + "tentativo", + "fatica", + "impresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid", + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to get something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack", + "fling", + "go", + "pass", + "whirl", + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually brief attempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tentative attempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foray" + ], + "it": [ + "incursione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an initial attempt (especially outside your usual areas of competence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribution", + "part", + "share" + ], + "it": [ + "aiuto", + "collaborazione", + "concorso", + "contribuzione", + "parte", + "contributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part played by a person in bringing about a result" + ], + "it": [ + "l'apporto che si pone in una impresa collettiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part you are expected to play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attempt to achieve equal rights or status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug's game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a futile or unprofitable endeavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power play", + "squeeze play", + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive attempt to compel acquiescence by the concentration or manipulation of power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to acquire or gain something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot", + "stab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal words for any attempt or effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to score in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striving", + "nisus", + "pains", + "strain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effortful attempt to attain a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "struggle", + "battle" + ], + "it": [ + "lotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an energetic attempt to achieve something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duel" + ], + "it": [ + "duello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any struggle between two skillful opponents (individuals or groups)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scramble", + "scuffle" + ], + "it": [ + "mischia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unceremonious and disorganized struggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buyout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquisition of a company by purchasing a controlling percentage of its stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategic buyout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acquisition based on analysis of the benefits of consolidation in anticipation of increased earning power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change by sale or merger in the controlling interest of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-takeover defense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistance to or defense against a hostile takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeover attempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to take control of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeover bid" + ], + "it": [ + "offerta pubblica di acquisto", + "opa", + "offerta di assorbimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer to buy shares in order to take over the company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-tier bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to pay more for the shares needed to gain control than for the remaining shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "any-and-all bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to buy any and all shares outstanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostile takeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a takeover that is resisted by the management of the target company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendly takeover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a takeover that is welcomed by the management of the target company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test", + "trial", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "cimento", + "esperimento", + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of testing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay", + "ELISA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assay that relies on an enzymatic conversion reaction and is used to detect the presence of specific substances (such as enzymes or viruses or antibodies or bacteria)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunohistochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assay that shows specific antigens in tissues by the use of markers that are either fluorescent dyes or enzymes (such as horseradish peroxidase)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinical trial", + "clinical test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase I clinical trial", + "phase I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase II clinical trial", + "phase II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I; intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat; possible side effects are monitored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase III clinical trial", + "phase III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase IV clinical trial", + "phase IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preclinical trial", + "preclinical test", + "preclinical phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test", + "trial" + ], + "it": [ + "cimento", + "prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of undergoing testing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audition", + "tryout" + ], + "it": [ + "audizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of the suitability of a performer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen test" + ], + "it": [ + "provino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filmed audition of an actor or actress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field trial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitting", + "try-on", + "trying on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting clothes on to see whether they fit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MOT", + "MOT test", + "Ministry of Transportation test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot project", + "pilot program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity planned as a test or trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spadework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dull or routine preliminary work preparing for an undertaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work paid for at a rate per unit of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertaking", + "project", + "task", + "labor" + ], + "it": [ + "faccenda", + "incarico", + "incombente", + "incombenza", + "lavoro", + "mansione", + "compito", + "progetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted" + ], + "it": [ + "svolgimento di una determinata attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written assignment", + "writing assignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assignment to write something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventure", + "escapade", + "risky venture", + "dangerous undertaking" + ], + "it": [ + "avventura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a project of personal concern to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterprise", + "endeavor", + "endeavour" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor of love", + "labour of love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "productive work performed voluntarily without material reward or compensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marathon", + "endurance contest" + ], + "it": [ + "maratona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long and arduous undertaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-brainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that requires little thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a task to be dealt with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall order", + "large order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formidable task or requirement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speleology", + "spelaeology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pastime of exploring caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign", + "cause", + "crusade", + "drive", + "movement", + "effort" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna", + "crociata", + "causa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertising campaign", + "ad campaign", + "ad blitz" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna pubblicitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized program of advertisements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-war movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign against entering or continuing a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign of flattery and friendliness (by a company, politician, etc.) to become more popular and gain support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaigning", + "candidacy", + "candidature", + "electioneering", + "political campaign" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna elettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the campaign of a candidate to be elected" + ], + "it": [ + "attività di propaganda politica nel periodo precedente le elezioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front-porch campaigning", + "front-porch campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign in which the candidate makes speeches but does not travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activities involved in political campaigning (especially speech making)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund-raising campaign", + "fund-raising drive", + "fund-raising effort" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "campagna per la raccolta di fondi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign to raise money for some cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminist movement", + "feminism", + "women's liberation movement", + "women's lib" + ], + "it": [ + "femminismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement aimed at equal rights for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gay liberation movement", + "gay lib" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "movimento per la liberazione dei gay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement aimed at liberating homosexuals from legal or social or economic oppression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lost cause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defeated cause or a cause for which defeat is inevitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war" + ], + "it": [ + "lotta", + "guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious" + ], + "it": [ + "opposizione strenua atta a combattere ed eliminare una malattia, un fenomeno culturale o condotta in nome di un ideale sociale o religioso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth movement", + "youth crusade" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento giovanile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political or religious or social reform movement or agitation consisting chiefly of young people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whispering campaign" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna diffamatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organized dissemination of derogatory rumors designed to discredit a candidate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "campaigning for something by making political speeches (stump speeches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales campaign" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna di vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertising campaign intended to promote sales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public-relations campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertising campaign intended to improve public relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sally", + "sallying forth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venture off the beaten path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of helping or improving yourself without relying on anyone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risk", + "peril", + "danger" + ], + "it": [ + "alea", + "periglio", + "rischio", + "pericolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chance" + ], + "it": [ + "azzardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a risk involving danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crapshoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a risky and uncertain venture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a risky act or venture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a venture that involves great risk but promises great rewards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "rilancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increasing the size of a bet (as in poker)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubling", + "double" + ], + "it": [ + "raddoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raising the stakes in a card game by a factor of 2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of managing or exerting control over something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowd control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity of controlling a crowd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effort to minimize or curtail damage or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federalization", + "federalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of being put under federal control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control from ground stations of airplanes in flight by means of messages transmitted to the pilot electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(engineering) the art or technique of trying to control rivers with dams etc in order to minimize the occurrence of floods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any instance of aggressive extension of authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation", + "regulating" + ], + "it": [ + "regolamentazione", + "regolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of controlling or directing according to rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deregulation", + "deregulating" + ], + "it": [ + "deregolamentazione", + "deregulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of freeing from regulation (especially from governmental regulations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devaluation" + ], + "it": [ + "devalutazione", + "svalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official lowering of a nation's currency; a decrease in the value of a country's currency relative to that of foreign countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "efforts to regulate or control sales of guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indexation" + ], + "it": [ + "indicizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of economic regulation: wages and interest are tied to the cost-of-living index in order to reduce the effects of inflation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting procedure or system designed to promote efficiency or assure the implementation of a policy or safeguard assets or avoid fraud and error etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal control performed by one or more managers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintenance of standards of quality of manufactured goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptance sampling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical procedure for accepting or rejecting a batch of merchandise or documents; involves determining the maximum number of defects discovered in a sample before the entire batch is rejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation", + "regularization", + "regularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordination" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinamento", + "coordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronization", + "synchronisation", + "synchronizing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coordinating by causing to indicate the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load-shedding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutting off the electric current on certain lines when the demand becomes greater than the supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proportional limitation of production or distribution of something (e.g. crude oil or natural gas) to some fractional part of the total capacity of each producer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limitation", + "restriction" + ], + "it": [ + "contenimento", + "limitazione", + "restrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of limiting or restricting (as by regulation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arms control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo degli armamenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limitation on the size and armament of the armed forces of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limitation or constraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fixing (of prices or wages etc) at a particular level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clampdown" + ], + "it": [ + "giro di vite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden restriction on an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hiring something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiring freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freeze on hiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freeze of prices at a given level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage freeze" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco dei salari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freeze of wages at a given level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possession", + "ownership" + ], + "it": [ + "possesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of having and controlling property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sport) the act of controlling the ball (or puck)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actual possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) immediate and direct physical control over property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructive possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) having the power and intention to have and control property but without direct control or actual presence upon it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) possession for which criminal sanctions are provided because the property may not lawfully be possessed or may not be possessed under certain circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illegal possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possession of controlled substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retention", + "keeping", + "holding" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of retaining something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withholding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of holding back or keeping within your possession or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a self-aggrandizing action undertaken simply for the pleasure of exercising control over other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defecation reflex", + "rectal reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal response to the presence of feces in the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulazione", + "magazzinaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of storing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filing" + ], + "it": [ + "archiviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preservation and methodical arrangement as of documents and papers etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial enterprise of storing goods and materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrigerated storage for preservation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stowage", + "stowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of packing or storing away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tankage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of storing in tanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riot control", + "riot control operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measures taken to control a riot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasping", + "taking hold", + "seizing", + "prehension" + ], + "it": [ + "prensione", + "presa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gripping something firmly with the hands (or the tentacles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clasp", + "clench", + "clutch", + "clutches", + "grasp", + "grip", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "presa", + "stretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of grasping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestling hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hold used in the sport of wrestling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear hug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold with arms locked tightly around the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several wrestling holds in which an arm is passed under the opponent's arm from behind and the hand exerts pressure on the back of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full nelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the holder puts both arms under the opponent's arms and exerts pressure on the back of the neck (illegal in amateur wrestling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half nelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the holder puts an arm under the opponent's arm and exerts pressure on the back of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammerlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arm is twisted up behind his back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the opponent's head is locked between the crook of your elbow and the side of your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese stranglehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arms are crossed in front of his own neck to exert pressure on his windpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wrestling hold in which some part of the opponent's body is twisted or pressured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissors", + "scissors hold", + "scissor hold", + "scissor grip", + "scissors grip" + ], + "it": [ + "forbice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which you wrap your legs around the opponents body or head and put your feet together and squeeze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stranglehold" + ], + "it": [ + "presa di gola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the arms are pressed against the opponent's windpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestling hold in which the toe is held and the leg is twisted against the joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering", + "steerage" + ], + "it": [ + "governo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of steering a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering", + "guidance", + "direction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of setting and holding a course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aim" + ], + "it": [ + "fine", + "mira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of directing something at an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigation", + "pilotage", + "piloting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument flying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigation of an airplane solely by instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial navigation", + "astronavigation" + ], + "it": [ + "astronavigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigating according to the positions of the stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial guidance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of controlling the flight of a missile or spacecraft by reference to the positions of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertial guidance", + "inertial navigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to inertial forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command guidance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of controlling the flight of a missile by commands originating from the ground or from another missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial guidance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to the strength and direction of the earth's gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead reckoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigation without the aid of celestial observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire watching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(during World War II in Britain) watching for fires started by bombs that dropped from the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protection" + ], + "it": [ + "protezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of protecting someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of military aircraft to provide protection against attack by enemy aircraft during ground or naval operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shielding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of shielding from harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardianship", + "keeping", + "safekeeping" + ], + "it": [ + "custodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibility of a guardian or keeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hands", + "custody" + ], + "it": [ + "mani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(with `in') guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preservation", + "saving" + ], + "it": [ + "conservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of protecting something from loss or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation" + ], + "it": [ + "salvaguardia dell'ambiente", + "tutela dell'ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official conservation of trees and soil and rivers etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil conservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protection of soil against erosion or deterioration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil conservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conservation of petroleum resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water conservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conservation of water resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-preservation" + ], + "it": [ + "autoconservazione", + "istinto di conservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preservation of yourself from harm; a natural or instinctive tendency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of keeping back or setting aside for some future occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manhattan Project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embalmment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preservation (of a dead body) by treating with balsams and drugs and other chemicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummification" + ], + "it": [ + "mummificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "momism", + "overprotection", + "overshielding" + ], + "it": [ + "mammismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence on the identity and capability and intentions of hostile individuals or organizations that may be engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censoring", + "censorship", + "security review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counterintelligence achieved by banning or deleting any information of value to the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all types of censorship conducted by personnel of the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military censorship of civilian communications (correspondence or printed matter of films) entering or leaving of circulating within territories controlled by armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field press censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "security review of news (including all information or material intended for dissemination to the public) subject to the jurisdiction of the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prisoner of war censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military censorship of communication to and from prisoners of war and civilian internees held by the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armed forces censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military censorship of personal communications to or from persons in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armed forces censorship performed by personnel of a military unit on the personal communications of persons assigned to that unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armed forces censorship of the personal communications of officers or civilian employees or enlisted personnel not subject to primary censorship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national censorship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "censorship under civil authority of communications entering or leaving of crossing the borders of the United States or its territories or possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precaution", + "safeguard", + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "salvaguardia", + "tutela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "security measures" + ], + "it": [ + "misure di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of defending someone or something against attack or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence" + ], + "it": [ + "argine", + "barriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protection from harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculation", + "vaccination" + ], + "it": [ + "vaccinazione", + "vaccinoterapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculating", + "vaccinating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of protecting against disease by introducing a vaccine into the body to induce immunity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring vaccination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administering vaccine only to people in close contact with an isolated infected patient; prevents the spread of a highly infectious disease by surrounding the patient with a ring of immunization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variolation", + "variolization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the obsolete process of inoculating a susceptible person with material taken from a vesicle of a person who has smallpox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrol" + ], + "it": [ + "pattugliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of going around or through an area at regular intervals for security purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airborne patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patrol provided by aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-the-clock patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous nonstop patrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-defense", + "self-defence", + "self-protection" + ], + "it": [ + "autodifesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of defending yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aikido" + ], + "it": [ + "aikido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese martial art employing principles similar to judo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martial art" + ], + "it": [ + "arte marziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Oriental arts of weaponless self-defense; usually practiced as a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judo" + ], + "it": [ + "judo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport adapted from jujitsu (using principles of not resisting) and similar to wrestling; developed in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jujutsu", + "jujitsu", + "jiujitsu" + ], + "it": [ + "jujitsu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of self-defense without weapons that was developed in China and Japan; holds and blows are supplemented by clever use of the attacker's own weight and strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninjutsu", + "ninjitsu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional Japanese method of espionage; involves stealthy movements and the use of camouflage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karate" + ], + "it": [ + "karatè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Japanese system of unarmed combat; sharp blows and kicks are given to pressure-sensitive points on the body of the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kung fu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese martial art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tae kwon do", + "taekwondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Korean martial art similar to karate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "t'ai chi", + "tai chi", + "t'ai chi chuan", + "tai chi chuan", + "taichi", + "taichichuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese system of slow meditative physical exercise designed for relaxation and balance and health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulation" + ], + "it": [ + "coibentazione", + "isolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of protecting something by surrounding it with material that reduces or prevents the transmission of sound or heat or electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lining" + ], + "it": [ + "foderatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lining", + "facing" + ], + "it": [ + "rivestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing something with a surface of a different material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babbitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lining a surface or bearing with Babbitt metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locking", + "lockup" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccaggio", + "fermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of locking something up to protect it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escort", + "accompaniment" + ], + "it": [ + "scorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of accompanying someone or something in order to protect them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of escorting while in transit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covering" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of protecting something by covering it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing", + "grooming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of getting dressed; putting on clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting on robes or vestments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "careful or finicky grooming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet", + "toilette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dressing and preparing yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "concia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processes in the conversion of rough hides into leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunization", + "immunisation" + ], + "it": [ + "immunizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making immune (especially by inoculation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitizing", + "sensitising", + "sensitization", + "sensitisation" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rendering an organism sensitive to a serum by a series of injections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care", + "charge", + "tutelage", + "guardianship" + ], + "it": [ + "cura", + "curatela", + "custodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attention and management implying responsibility for safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruggedization", + "ruggedisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formation of military planes maintained over ground operations or targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterproofing", + "sealing" + ], + "it": [ + "impermeabilizzazione", + "sigillatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of treating something to make it repel water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "wearing" + ], + "it": [ + "uso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of having on your person as a covering or adornment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control of muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiration", + "internal respiration", + "cellular respiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain energy from organic molecules; processes that take place in the cells and tissues during which energy is released and carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by the blood to be transported to the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathing", + "external respiration", + "respiration", + "ventilation" + ], + "it": [ + "respirazione", + "respiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single complete act of breathing in and out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial respiration" + ], + "it": [ + "respirazione artificiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emergency procedure whereby breathing is maintained artificially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiography", + "electrocardiography" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiografia", + "elettrocardiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic procedure consisting of recording the activity of the heart electronically with a cardiograph (and producing a cardiogram)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echocardiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echoencephalography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study the anatomy of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiopulmonary resuscitation", + "CPR", + "cardiac resuscitation", + "mouth-to-mouth resuscitation", + "kiss of life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac massage and artificial respiration; the first treatment for a person who has collapsed and has no pulse and has stopped breathing; attempts to restore circulation of the blood and prevent death or brain damage due to lack of oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heimlich maneuver", + "Heimlich manoeuvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emergency procedure to help someone who is choking because food is lodged in the trachea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal breathing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathing in which most of the respiratory effort is done by the abdominal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eupnea", + "eupnoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal relaxed breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperpnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energetic (deep and rapid) respiration that occurs normally after exercise or abnormally with fever or various disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypopnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow or shallow breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperventilation" + ], + "it": [ + "iperpnea", + "iperventilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increased depth and rate of breathing greater than demanded by the body needs; can cause dizziness and tingling of the fingers and toes and chest pain if continued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panting", + "heaving" + ], + "it": [ + "anelito", + "ansito", + "dispnea", + "fiatone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathing heavily (as after exertion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic breathing", + "Cheyne-Stokes respiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal respiration in which periods of shallow and deep breathing alternate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffing", + "huffing", + "snorting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of forcible exhalation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke", + "smoking" + ], + "it": [ + "fumata", + "fumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of smoking tobacco or other substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blowing tobacco smoke out into the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breath" + ], + "it": [ + "alito", + "respiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhalation", + "expiration", + "breathing out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expelling air from the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow", + "puff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of blowing or breathing on or into something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snore", + "snoring", + "stertor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of snoring or producing a snoring sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffle", + "sniffle", + "snivel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of breathing heavily through the nose (as when the nose is congested)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeze" + ], + "it": [ + "affanno", + "rantolio", + "rantolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathing with a husky or whistling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the return of relatively easy breathing after initial exhaustion during continuous exertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhalation", + "inspiration", + "aspiration", + "intake", + "breathing in" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirazione", + "inalazione", + "inspirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases) as in breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasp", + "pant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short labored intake of breath with the mouth open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawn", + "yawning", + "oscitance", + "oscitancy" + ], + "it": [ + "sbadiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an involuntary intake of breath through a wide open mouth; usually triggered by fatigue or boredom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "drag", + "pull" + ], + "it": [ + "boccata", + "tirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puff of a marijuana or hashish cigarette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumption", + "ingestion", + "intake", + "uptake" + ], + "it": [ + "consumazione", + "ingerimento", + "ingestione", + "assunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eating", + "feeding" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentazione", + "nutrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consuming food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite", + "chomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gripping or chewing off with the teeth and jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browse", + "browsing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of feeding by continual nibbling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coprophagy", + "coprophagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating feces; in human a symptom of some kinds of insanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric shock", + "electrical shock", + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "scossa", + "scossa elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fart", + "farting", + "flatus", + "wind", + "breaking wind" + ], + "it": [ + "scoreggia", + "scorreggia", + "peto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow", + "drink", + "deglutition" + ], + "it": [ + "deglutizione", + "inghiottimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerophagia" + ], + "it": [ + "aerofagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swallowing air (usually followed by belching and discomfort and flatulence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulp", + "draft", + "draught", + "swig" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgata", + "sorsata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and hurried swallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulp", + "gulping" + ], + "it": [ + "sorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spasmodic reflex of the throat made as if in swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of eating dinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engorgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating ravenously or voraciously to satiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feasting", + "banqueting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geophagy", + "geophagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating earth, clay, chalk; occurs in some primitive tribes, sometimes in cases of nutritional deficiency or obsessive behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graze", + "grazing" + ], + "it": [ + "pastura", + "strisciamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of grazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of eating lunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dinner where each person pays for his own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repletion", + "surfeit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eating until excessively full" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ingestion of liquid food with a spoon or by drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tasting", + "savoring", + "savouring", + "relishing", + "degustation" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggiatura", + "assaggio", + "degustazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking a small amount into the mouth to test its quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gentle biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nip", + "pinch" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzico", + "pizzicotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sharp bite or snip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrophagia", + "necrophagy" + ], + "it": [ + "necrofagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding on corpses or carrion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omophagia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eating of raw food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatophagy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eating of excrement or other filth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucking", + "suck", + "suction" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirazione", + "succhiamento", + "suzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sucking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suckling", + "lactation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding an infant by giving suck at the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking", + "imbibing", + "imbibition" + ], + "it": [ + "bere", + "bevuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consuming liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulping", + "swilling", + "guzzling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the drinking of large mouthfuls rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sip" + ], + "it": [ + "centellino", + "centello", + "sorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drinking (especially an alcoholic drink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual practice that involves physically restraining (by cords or handcuffs) one of the partners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outercourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual stimulation without vaginal penetration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe sex" + ], + "it": [ + "sesso sicuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual activity (especially sexual intercourse) with the use of measures (such as latex condoms) to avoid the transmission of disease (especially AIDS)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual activity", + "sexual practice", + "sex", + "sex activity" + ], + "it": [ + "sesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activities associated with sexual intercourse" + ], + "it": [ + "attività associate con rapporti sessuali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conception" + ], + "it": [ + "concepimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming pregnant; fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of depriving a woman of her virginity (especially by rupturing the hymen through sexual intercourse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insemination" + ], + "it": [ + "inseminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of semen into the genital tract of a female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial insemination", + "AI" + ], + "it": [ + "fecondazione artificiale", + "inseminazione artificiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some means other than sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual intercourse", + "intercourse", + "sex act", + "copulation", + "coitus", + "coition", + "sexual congress", + "congress", + "sexual relation", + "relation", + "carnal knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "accoppiamento", + "amplesso", + "atto sessuale", + "coito", + "concubito", + "copulazione", + "rapporti sessuali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sexual procreation between a man and a woman; the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina and excited until orgasm and ejaculation occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuck", + "fucking", + "screw", + "screwing", + "ass", + "nooky", + "nookie", + "piece of ass", + "piece of tail", + "roll in the hay", + "shag", + "shtup" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavata", + "scopata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasure" + ], + "it": [ + "voluttà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual gratification" + ], + "it": [ + "gratificazione sessuale;" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hank panky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illicit sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual love", + "lovemaking", + "making love", + "love", + "love life" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "il fare l'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse) between two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration" + ], + "it": [ + "penetrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act (by a man) of inserting his penis into the vagina of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statutory rape", + "carnal abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual intercourse with a person (girl or boy) who has not reached the age of consent (even if both parties participate willingly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnal abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lascivious contact by an adult with the sexual organs of a child (especially not involving sexual intercourse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupling", + "mating", + "pairing", + "conjugation", + "union", + "sexual union" + ], + "it": [ + "accoppiamento", + "copula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assortative mating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mating of individuals having more traits in common than likely in random mating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disassortative mating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mating of individuals having traits more dissimilar than likely in random mating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlawful carnal knowledge", + "criminal congress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forbidden or tabu sexual intercourse between individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extramarital sex", + "free love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual intercourse between individuals who are not married to one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adultery", + "criminal conversation", + "fornication" + ], + "it": [ + "adulterio", + "fornicazione", + "infedeltà", + "prodizione", + "tradimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extramarital sex that willfully and maliciously interferes with marriage relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fornication" + ], + "it": [ + "fornicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voluntary sexual intercourse between persons not married to each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incest" + ], + "it": [ + "incesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual intercourse between persons too closely related to marry (as between a parent and a child)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coitus interruptus", + "withdrawal method", + "withdrawal", + "pulling out", + "onanism" + ], + "it": [ + "coito interrotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodomy", + "buggery", + "anal sex", + "anal intercourse" + ], + "it": [ + "sodomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intercourse via the anus, committed by a man with a man or woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduction", + "procreation", + "breeding", + "facts of life" + ], + "it": [ + "procreazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscegenation", + "crossbreeding", + "interbreeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction by parents of different races (especially by white and non-white persons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation", + "multiplication", + "propagation" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biogenesis", + "biogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of living organisms from other living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybridization", + "hybridisation", + "crossbreeding", + "crossing", + "cross", + "interbreeding", + "hybridizing" + ], + "it": [ + "ibridazione", + "incrociamento", + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or plants and thus to produce hybrids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dihybrid cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybridization using two traits with two alleles each" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monohybrid cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybridization using a single trait with two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal cross", + "reciprocal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybridization involving a pair of crosses that reverse the sexes associated with each genotype" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testcross", + "test-cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross between an organism whose genotype for a certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from that of the offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inbreeding" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "unioni fra consanguinei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mating closely related individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural family planning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several methods of family planning that do not involve sterilization or contraceptive devices or drugs; coitus is avoided during the fertile time of a woman's menstrual cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth control", + "birth prevention", + "family planning" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificazione familiare", + "controllo delle nascite", + "controllo della natalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limiting the number of children born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraception", + "contraceptive method" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccezione", + "metodo contraccettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral contraception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contraception achieved by taking oral contraceptive pills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal body temperature method of family planning", + "basal body temperature method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural family planning in which the fertile period of the woman's menstrual cycle is inferred by noting the rise in basal body temperature that typically occurs with ovulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovulation method of family planning", + "ovulation method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural family planning in which the fertile period is inferred from changes in the character and quantity of cervical mucus; ovulation is marked by an increase in mucus that becomes sticky and then clearer and slippery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm method of birth control", + "rhythm method", + "rhythm", + "calendar method of birth control", + "calendar method" + ], + "it": [ + "metodo Ogino-Knauss", + "metodo Ogino Knauss", + "Ogino-Knauss", + "metodo dell'astinenza periodica", + "metodo del calendario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural family planning in which ovulation is assumed to occur 14 days before the onset of a period (the fertile period would be assumed to extend from day 10 through day 18 of her cycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical contraception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contraception by surgical sterilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servicing", + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "monta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mating by male animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreplay", + "arousal", + "stimulation" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitamento", + "eccitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual sexual fondling prior to sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caressing", + "cuddling", + "fondling", + "hugging", + "kissing", + "necking", + "petting", + "smooching", + "snuggling" + ], + "it": [ + "sbaciucchiamento", + "vezzeggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snogging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British informal) cuddle and kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual stimulation of the genital area for sexual pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perversion", + "sexual perversion" + ], + "it": [ + "pervertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aberrant sexual practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral sex", + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral stimulation of the genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cunnilingus", + "cunnilinctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral stimulation of the vulva or clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellatio", + "fellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral stimulation of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock sucking", + "blowjob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for fellatio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soixante-neuf", + "sixty-nine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral sex practiced simultaneously by two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoeroticism", + "autoerotism" + ], + "it": [ + "autoerotismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using you own body as a sexual object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masturbation", + "onanism" + ], + "it": [ + "masturbazione", + "onanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual stimulation of the genital organs (of yourself or another) for sexual pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-stimulation", + "self-abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual stimulation of your own genital organ for sexual pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frottage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masturbation by rubbing against another person (as in a crowd)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacking off", + "jerking off", + "hand job", + "wank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for masturbation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promiscuity", + "promiscuousness", + "sleeping around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulging in promiscuous (casual and indiscriminate) sexual relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-night stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief sexual encounter lasting only for a single night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lechery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrestrained indulgence in sexual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homosexuality", + "homosexualism", + "homoeroticism", + "queerness", + "gayness" + ], + "it": [ + "omoerotismo", + "omofilia", + "omosessualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the same sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bisexuality" + ], + "it": [ + "bisessualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual activity with both men and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion", + "sexual inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term formerly used to mean taking on the gender role of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesbianism", + "sapphism" + ], + "it": [ + "lesbismo", + "saffismo", + "tribadismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female homosexuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribadism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of lesbianism that simulates heterosexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterosexuality", + "heterosexualism", + "straightness" + ], + "it": [ + "eterosessualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pederasty", + "paederasty" + ], + "it": [ + "pederastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual relations between a man and a boy (usually anal intercourse with the boy as a passive partner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestiality", + "zooerastia", + "zooerasty" + ], + "it": [ + "bestialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual activity between a person and an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suspension of consciousness and decrease in metabolic rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nap", + "catnap", + "cat sleep", + "forty winks", + "short sleep", + "snooze" + ], + "it": [ + "dormitina", + "pennichella", + "pisolino", + "riposino", + "sonnellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleeping for a short period of time (usually not in bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siesta" + ], + "it": [ + "pennichella", + "pisolino", + "siesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nap in the early afternoon (especially in hot countries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zizz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doze", + "drowse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light fitful sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction", + "response" + ], + "it": [ + "reazione", + "risposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent" + ], + "it": [ + "ogni processo organico che consegue a uno stimolo naturale o artificiale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatism" + ], + "it": [ + "automatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any reaction that occurs automatically without conscious thought or reflection (especially the undirected behavior seen in psychomotor epilepsy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reaction to a crisis or setback or frustration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overreaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive reaction; a reaction with inappropriate emotional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanic skin response", + "GSR", + "psychogalvanic response", + "electrodermal response", + "electrical skin response", + "Fere phenomenon", + "Tarchanoff phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the electrical properties of the skin in response to stress or anxiety; can be measured either by recording the electrical resistance of the skin or by recording weak currents generated by the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immune response", + "immune reaction", + "immunologic response" + ], + "it": [ + "immunoreazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anamnestic response", + "anamnestic reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renewed rapid production of an antibody on the second (or subsequent) encounter with the same antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humoral immune response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immune response (chiefly against bacterial invasion) that is mediated by B cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell-mediated immune response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immune response (chiefly against viral or fungal invasions or transplanted tissue) that involves T cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement fixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immune response in which an antigen-antibody combination inactivates a complement (so it is unavailable to participate in a second antigen-antibody combination)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropism" + ], + "it": [ + "tropismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an involuntary orienting response; positive or negative reaction to a stimulus source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergotropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affinity for work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geotropism" + ], + "it": [ + "geotropismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orienting response to gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliotropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orienting response to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteortropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effect of climate on biological processes (as the effect on joint pains etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurotropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affinity for neural tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phototropism" + ], + "it": [ + "fototropismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orienting response to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophotropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orienting response to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermotropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orienting response to warmth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxis" + ], + "it": [ + "tactismo", + "tassia", + "tattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotor response toward or away from an external stimulus by a motile (and usually simple) organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemotaxis" + ], + "it": [ + "chemiotassi", + "chemiotattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a chemical stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative chemotaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement away from a chemical stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive chemotaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement toward a chemical stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement that is a response to a stimulus but is not oriented with respect to the source of stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delayed reaction indicating surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflex", + "reflex response", + "reflex action", + "instinctive reflex", + "innate reflex", + "inborn reflex", + "unconditioned reflex", + "physiological reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "riflesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditional reflex", + "conditioned reflex", + "acquired reflex", + "conditional reaction", + "conditioned reaction", + "conditional response", + "conditioned response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acquired response that is under the control of (conditional on the occurrence of) a stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learned reaction", + "learned response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reaction that has been acquired by learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioned avoidance", + "conditioned avoidance response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conditioned response that anticipates the occurrence of an aversive stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee jerk", + "knee-jerk reflex", + "patellar reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex extension of the leg resulting from a sharp tap on the patellar tendon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startle response", + "startle reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complicated involuntary reaction to a sudden unexpected stimulus (especially a loud noise); involves flexion of most skeletal muscles and a variety of visceral reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startle reflex", + "Moro reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a normal reflex of young infants; a sudden loud noise causes the child to stretch out the arms and flex the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wince", + "flinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex response to sudden pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "passing" + ], + "it": [ + "trapasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily reaction of changing from one place or stage to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light reflex", + "pupillary reflex", + "miosis", + "myosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris in response to a bright light (or certain drugs) causing the pupil to become smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mydriasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex pupillary dilation as a muscle pulls the iris outward; occurs in response to a decrease in light or certain drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micturition reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relaxation of the urethral sphincter in response to increased pressure in the bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharyngeal reflex", + "gag reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal reflex consisting of retching; may be produced by touching the soft palate in the back of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilomotor reflex", + "gooseflesh", + "goose bump", + "goosebump", + "goose pimple", + "goose skin", + "horripilation" + ], + "it": [ + "pelle d'oca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex erection of hairs of the skin in response to cold or emotional stress or skin irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantar reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flexion of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front in persons over the age of 2 years; under 2 years the results should be extension of the toes (Babinski reflex)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rooting reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex consisting of head-turning and sucking movements elicited in a normal infant by gently stroking the side of the mouth or cheek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startle", + "jump", + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "sbalzo", + "scatto", + "sobbalzo", + "soprassalto", + "sussulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden involuntary movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch reflex", + "myotactic reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex contraction of a muscle when an attached tendon is pulled; important in maintaining erect posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suckling reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflex behavior in newborn mammals; includes finding and grasping the nipple in the mouth and sucking on it and swallowing the milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremble", + "shiver", + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "brivido", + "fremito", + "tremarella", + "tremito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflex motion caused by cold or fear or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crying", + "weeping", + "tears" + ], + "it": [ + "lacrimazione", + "lagrimazione", + "pianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snivel", + "sniveling" + ], + "it": [ + "frignio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whining in a tearful manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sob", + "sobbing" + ], + "it": [ + "singhiozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convulsive gasp made while weeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wailing", + "bawling" + ], + "it": [ + "lamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud cries made while weeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculation", + "computation", + "computing" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo", + "computo", + "conto", + "determinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the procedure of calculating; determining something by mathematical or logical methods" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo aritmetico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the transfer of a quantity from one side of an equation to the other along with a change of sign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number crunching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performing complex and lengthy numerical calculations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical process", + "mathematical operation", + "operation" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) calculation by mathematical methods" + ], + "it": [ + "procedimento che da uno o più enti noti, permette di ottenere un numero o un altro ente astratto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recalculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of calculating again (usually to eliminate errors or to include additional data)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the arrangement of a given number of elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arranging elements into specified groups without regard to order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mathematical process of obtaining the derivative of a function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mathematical process of finding the maximum value of a function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication; the quotient of two numbers is computed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation of division in which the sequence of steps are indicated in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation of division in which the sequence of steps is performed without writing them out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integration" + ], + "it": [ + "integrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation used in the calculus whereby the integral of a function is determined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplication", + "times" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of division; the product of two numbers is computed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtraction", + "minus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arithmetic operation in which the difference between two numbers is calculated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summation", + "addition", + "plus" + ], + "it": [ + "addizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arithmetic operation of summing; calculating the sum of two or more numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponentiation", + "involution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of raising a quantity to some assigned power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmetic operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical operation involving numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical operation involving matrices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix addition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the addition of matrices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix multiplication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the multiplication of matrices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determination of a matrix that when multiplied by the given matrix will yield a unit matrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix transposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interchange of each row of a square matrix with the corresponding column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrature" + ], + "it": [ + "quadratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the construction of a square having the same area as some other figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxation", + "relaxation method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of solving simultaneous equations by guessing a solution and then reducing the errors that result by successive approximations until all the errors are less than some specified amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment", + "judgement", + "assessment" + ], + "it": [ + "giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjudication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final judgment in a legal proceeding; the act of pronouncing judgment based on the evidence presented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapproval" + ], + "it": [ + "biasimo", + "critica", + "disapprovazione", + "riprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disapproving or condemning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaluation", + "rating" + ], + "it": [ + "valutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marking", + "grading", + "scoring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimate", + "estimation" + ], + "it": [ + "stima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appraisal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert estimation of the quality, quantity, and other characteristics of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logistic assessment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment of the logistic support required for some particular military operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value judgment", + "value judgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assessment that reveals more about the values of the person making the assessment than about the reality of what is assessed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judgments about another person's morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i39999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion", + "pleximetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapping a part of the body for diagnostic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succussion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaking a person to determine whether a large amount of liquid is present in a body cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auscultation" + ], + "it": [ + "auscultazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity intended to achieve a particular sensory result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensing", + "perception" + ], + "it": [ + "percezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming aware of something via the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look", + "looking", + "looking at" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiata", + "sguardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glance", + "glimpse", + "coup d'oeil" + ], + "it": [ + "guardata", + "occhiata", + "passata", + "sguardo", + "vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye-beaming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radiant glance of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side-glance", + "side-look" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glance sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrutiny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged intense look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peek", + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of squinting; looking with the eyes partly closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stare" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sguardo fisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed look with eyes open wide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaze", + "regard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long fixed look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glare", + "glower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angry stare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemplation" + ], + "it": [ + "contemplazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and thoughtful observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stare of amazement (usually with the mouth open)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evil eye" + ], + "it": [ + "malocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a look that is believed to have the power of inflicting harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspection", + "review" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo", + "ispezione", + "rassegna", + "sopralluogo", + "sopraluogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal or official examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurvey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new survey or study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightseeing", + "rubber-necking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "going about to look at places of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation", + "observance", + "watching" + ], + "it": [ + "osservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of observing; taking a patient look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitoring" + ], + "it": [ + "monitoraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of observing something (and sometimes keeping a record of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sighting" + ], + "it": [ + "avvistamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of observing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first sighting of land from the sea after a voyage (or flight over water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stargazing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observation of the stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "vigil" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purposeful surveillance to guard or observe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stakeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveillance of some place or some person by the police (as in anticipation of a crime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveillance of disease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ongoing systematic collection and analysis of data about an infectious disease that can lead to action being taken to control or prevent the disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listening watch", + "continuous receiver watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch established for the reception of traffic of interest to the unit maintaining the watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keeping a secret or furtive watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lookout", + "outlook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of looking out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view", + "survey", + "sight" + ], + "it": [ + "visione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of looking or seeing or observing" + ], + "it": [ + "atto di guardare, di sottoporre ad esame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full view; a good look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dekko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British slang for a look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listening", + "hearing" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltazione", + "ascolto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hearing attentively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relistening", + "rehearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hearing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipreading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceiving what a person is saying by observing the movements of the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "tasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sensing; distinguishing substances by means of the taste buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell", + "smelling" + ], + "it": [ + "fiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of perceiving the odor of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniff", + "snuff" + ], + "it": [ + "annusata", + "odorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensing an odor by inhaling through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "education", + "instruction", + "teaching", + "pedagogy", + "didactics", + "educational activity" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaestramento", + "educazione", + "istruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coeducation" + ], + "it": [ + "coeducazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education of men and women in the same institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuing education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of instruction designed primarily for adult students who participate part-time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course", + "course of study", + "course of instruction", + "class" + ], + "it": [ + "corso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings" + ], + "it": [ + "serie di lezioni volta all'insegnamento di una disciplina e ordinata secondo un criterio di progressivo apprendimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coursework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work assigned to and done by a student during a course of study; usually it is evaluated as part of the student's grade in the course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult education" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scuola per adulti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class in which you learn to draw or paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childbirth-preparation class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art class using a live human model" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elementary education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education in elementary subjects (reading and writing and arithmetic) provided to young students at a grade school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension", + "extension service", + "university extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who are not enrolled as regular students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extracurricular activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participation in theatrical productions as an extracurricular activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletics" + ], + "it": [ + "atletismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participation in sports events as an extracurricular activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "higher education" + ], + "it": [ + "istruzione superiore", + "istruzione universitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education provided by a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education beyond the elementary grades; provided by a high school or college preparatory school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectator sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that many people find entertaining to watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching", + "instruction", + "pedagogy" + ], + "it": [ + "docenza", + "insegnamento", + "magistero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession of a teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "team sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sport that involves competition between teams of players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "team teaching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of coordinated classroom teaching involving a team of teachers working together with a single group of students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechesis" + ], + "it": [ + "catechesi", + "dottrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral religious instruction (as before baptism or confirmation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechetical instruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching religious principles by questions and answers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language teaching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching people to speak and understand a foreign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching beginners to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole-word method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schooling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of teaching at school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indoctrination" + ], + "it": [ + "addottrinamento", + "indottrinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainwashing" + ], + "it": [ + "lavaggio del cervello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forcible indoctrination into a new set of attitudes and beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inculcation", + "ingraining", + "instilling" + ], + "it": [ + "instillazione", + "istillazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching or impressing upon the mind by frequent instruction or repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutelage", + "tuition", + "tutorship" + ], + "it": [ + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching pupils individually (usually by a tutor hired privately)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesson" + ], + "it": [ + "lezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of instruction" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnamento impartito da un docente ad uno o più allievi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in performing music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in playing the piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violin lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a less in playing the violin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in playing tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in playing golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history lesson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lesson in the facts of history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspondence course" + ], + "it": [ + "corso per corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course offered (by mail) by a correspondence school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course of lectures" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of lectures dealing with a subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directed study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of study that is supervised and controlled by a specialist in the subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elective course", + "elective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course that the student can select from among alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course offered as part of an extension service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work-study program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of study carried out at home rather than in a classroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course in the methods of using tools and machinery as taught in secondary schools and technical schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientation course", + "orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course introducing a new situation or environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propaedeutic", + "propaedeutics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course that provides an introduction to an art or science (or to more advanced study generally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refresher course", + "refresher" + ], + "it": [ + "corso di aggiornamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "required course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course that all students are required to take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminar" + ], + "it": [ + "seminario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course offered for a small group of advanced students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop class", + "shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workshop" + ], + "it": [ + "convegno", + "seminario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep-learning", + "hypnopedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching during sleep (as by using recordings to teach a foreign language to someone who is asleep)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonfeeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching in an overly simplified way that discourages independent thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture", + "lecturing" + ], + "it": [ + "lezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class)" + ], + "it": [ + "discorso a carattere culturale tenuto in pubblico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture demonstration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presentation of an example of what the lecturer is discoursing about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a talk to an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a talk that uses a blackboard and chalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the course of practice and exercise and diet undertaken by an athlete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fartlek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of athletic training (especially for runners) in which strenuous effort and normal effort alternate in a continuous exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training to improve strength or self-control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "training", + "preparation", + "grooming" + ], + "it": [ + "addestramento", + "allenamento", + "ammaestramento", + "avviamento", + "istruzione", + "preparazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity leading to skilled behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) the training of soldiers to march (as in ceremonial parades) or to perform the manual of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise", + "practice", + "drill", + "practice session", + "recitation" + ], + "it": [ + "addestramento", + "allenamento", + "esercitazione", + "esercizio", + "pratica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematic training by multiple repetitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire drill" + ], + "it": [ + "esercitazione antincendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise intended to train people in duties and escape procedures to be followed in case of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manual of arms", + "manual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a prescribed drill in handling a rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order arms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position in the manual of arms; the rifle is held vertically on the right side with the butt on the ground; often used as a command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training soldiers in military procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial period of training for new military personnel; involves intense physical activity and behavioral discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retraining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training for a new occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schooling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the training of an animal (especially the training of a horse for dressage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skull session", + "skull practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teaching strategy to an athletic team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet training" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training a young child to use the toilet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training in marching and the use of weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close-order drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) military drill of troops in standard marching (shoulder-to-shoulder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square-bashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drill on a barracks square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehearsal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a form of practice; repetition of information (silently or aloud) in order to keep it in short-term memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehearsal", + "dry run" + ], + "it": [ + "prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practice session in preparation for a public performance (as of a play or speech or concert)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress rehearsal" + ], + "it": [ + "prova generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full uninterrupted rehearsal in costumes shortly before the first performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uninterrupted rehearsal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first perfunctory rehearsal of a theatrical production in which actors read their lines from the script and move as directed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "brushup" + ], + "it": [ + "ripassata", + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice intended to polish performance or refresh the memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a review that refreshes your memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimmage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) practice play between a football team's squads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadowboxing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparring with an imaginary opponent (for exercise or training)" + ], + "it": [ + "allenamento con l'ombra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target practice" + ], + "it": [ + "esercitazioni di tiro al bersaglio", + "tiro al bersaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice in shooting at targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "modelling", + "modeling" + ], + "it": [ + "modellino", + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of imitating the behavior of some situation or some process by means of something suitably analogous (especially for the purpose of study or personnel training)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatization", + "dramatisation" + ], + "it": [ + "drammatizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dramatic representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guerrilla theater", + "street theater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dramatization of a social issue; enacted outside in a park or on the street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stilted dramatic performance (as if by puppets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pageant", + "pageantry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "spettacolo di rievocazione storica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figuration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representing figuratively as by emblem or allegory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolizing", + "symbolising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of representing something with a symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schematization", + "schematisation", + "diagramming" + ], + "it": [ + "schematizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing a chart or outline of a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pictorial representation", + "picturing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual representation as by photography or painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of representing by a type or symbol; the action of typifying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depiction", + "delineation", + "portrayal" + ], + "it": [ + "figurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation by drawing or painting etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portraiture" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrattistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of making portraits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaging", + "tomography" + ], + "it": [ + "tomografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) obtaining pictures of the interior of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-raying", + "X-radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtaining images by the use of X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computerized tomography", + "computed tomography", + "CT", + "computerized axial tomography", + "computed axial tomography", + "CAT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonography", + "ultrasonography", + "echography", + "ultrasound" + ], + "it": [ + "ecografia", + "ultrasonografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth or study bodily organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A-scan ultrasonography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of ultrasonography to measure the length of the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-scan ultrasonography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of ultrasonography to view structure in the back of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positron emission tomography", + "PET" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using a computerized radiographic technique to examine the metabolic activity in various tissues (especially in the brain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic resonance imaging", + "MRI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of nuclear magnetic resonance of protons to produce proton density images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functional magnetic resonance imaging", + "fMRI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain that registers blood flow to functioning areas of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood-oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging", + "BOLD FMRI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "functional magnetic resonance imaging that relies on intrinsic changes in hemoglobin oxygenation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoroscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination of body structures using a fluoroscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioscopy", + "radiology" + ], + "it": [ + "radioscopia", + "roentgenscopia", + "röntgenscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(radiology) examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photography", + "picture taking" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking and printing photographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiography" + ], + "it": [ + "radiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photography that uses other kinds of radiation than visible light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roentgenography", + "X-ray photography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xerography" + ], + "it": [ + "xerografia", + "xerotipia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forming an image by the action of light on a specially coated charged plate; the latent image is developed with powders that adhere only to electrically charged areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xeroradiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiography using X-rays and xerographic (rather than roentgenographic) techniques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiography" + ], + "it": [ + "angiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of blood vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces an angiogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphangiography", + "lymphography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of lymph nodes and lymph vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces a lymphangiogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriography" + ], + "it": [ + "arteriografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of a joint after injection of radiopaque contrast medium; produces an arthrogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholangiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenographic examination of the bile ducts after a contrast medium has been injected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenography of the brain after spinal fluid has been replaced by a gas (usually oxygen); produces an encephalogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenography of the spinal cord to detect possible lesions (usually after injection of a contrast medium into the subarachnoid space)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyelography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roentgenography of the kidney and ureters (usually after injection with a radiopaque dye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous pyelography", + "IVP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performing pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephotography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photography using a telephoto lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephotography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmission and reproduction of photographs and charts and pictures over a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiophotography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmission of photographs by radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ], + "it": [ + "posa", + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exposing film to light" + ], + "it": [ + "il sottoporre un materiale sensibile (ad esempio una pellicola) all'azione della luce", + "la quantità di luce che colpisce una pellicola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exposing film to too much light or for too long a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underexposure" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoesposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exposing film to too little light or for too short a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure of a film for a relatively long time (more than half a second)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filming", + "cinematography", + "motion-picture photography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "inquadratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of photographing a scene or part of a scene without interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shot or scene that is photographed again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animation" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the making of animated cartoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creation", + "creative activity" + ], + "it": [ + "creazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the human act of creating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-creation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creating from raw materials" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating something that is different from the materials that went into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning" + ], + "it": [ + "filatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaving" + ], + "it": [ + "tessitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "netting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating nets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating knitted wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocheting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a garment of needlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace making", + "tatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or art of making handmade lace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mintage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or process of minting coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molding", + "casting" + ], + "it": [ + "colata", + "getto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating something by casting it in a mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlework", + "needlecraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work (such as sewing or embroidery) that is done with a needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recording", + "transcription" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione", + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a record (especially an audio record)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip synchronization", + "lip synchronisation", + "lip synch", + "lip sync" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combining audio and video recording in such a way that the sound is perfectly synchronized with the action that produced it; especially synchronizing the movements of a speaker's lips with the sound of his speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a master recording from which copies can be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction", + "building" + ], + "it": [ + "costruzione", + "edificazione", + "erezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of constructing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crenelation", + "crenellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of constructing ramparts with gaps for firing guns or arrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erecting", + "erection" + ], + "it": [ + "erezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of building or putting up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house-raising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construction by a group of neighbors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabrication", + "assembly" + ], + "it": [ + "assemblaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry walling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of building stone walls without mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismantling", + "dismantlement", + "disassembly" + ], + "it": [ + "smantellamento", + "smontaggio", + "smontatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking something apart (as a piece of machinery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grading", + "leveling" + ], + "it": [ + "livellamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road construction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the construction of roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipbuilding", + "ship building" + ], + "it": [ + "cantieristica", + "costruzione navale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the construction of ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ], + "it": [ + "produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of producing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the construction of masonry or brickwork in a rustic manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small-scale industry that can be carried on at home by family members using their own equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the creation of value or wealth by producing goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ], + "it": [ + "prod.", + "produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) manufacturing or mining or growing something (usually in large quantities) for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of large quantities of a standardized article (often using assembly line techniques)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overproduction", + "overrun" + ], + "it": [ + "sovrapproduzione", + "superproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much production or more than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underproduction" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadequate production or less than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output", + "yield" + ], + "it": [ + "gettito", + "produzione", + "rendimento", + "resa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "production of a certain amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum production possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeding" + ], + "it": [ + "breeding", + "selettocoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of animals or plants by inbreeding or hybridization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fabbricazione della birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autosexing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(especially of domestic fowl) breeding to reveal differential sex characteristics at hatching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle breeding" + ], + "it": [ + "allevamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeding cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog breeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeding dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse breeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeding horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivation" + ], + "it": [ + "coltivazione", + "coltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops (especially on a large scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of raising or growing plants (especially on a large scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquaculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rearing aquatic animals or cultivating aquatic plants for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beekeeping", + "apiculture" + ], + "it": [ + "apicoltura", + "apicultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of bees on a commercial scale for the production of honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farming", + "agriculture", + "husbandry" + ], + "it": [ + "agraria", + "agricoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal husbandry" + ], + "it": [ + "allevamento di animali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeding and caring for farm animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arboriculture", + "tree farming" + ], + "it": [ + "arboricoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of tree for the production of timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture" + ], + "it": [ + "coltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the raising of plants or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of cranberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of a single crop (on a farm or area or country)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tillage" + ], + "it": [ + "dissodamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of soil for raising crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairying", + "dairy farming" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "industria casearia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of a dairy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gardening", + "horticulture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plowing", + "ploughing" + ], + "it": [ + "aratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tilling the land with a plow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivation of the land in order to raise crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroponics", + "aquiculture", + "tank farming" + ], + "it": [ + "acquicoltura", + "enidrocoltura", + "idrocoltura", + "idrocultura", + "idroponica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technique of growing plants (without soil) in water containing dissolved nutrients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydroponic method of growing plants by allowing nutrient solutions to drip slowly onto an inert medium in which the plants are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed farming" + ], + "it": [ + "agricoltura mista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growing crops and feed and livestock all on the same farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting seeds or young plants in the ground to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insemination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sowing (of seeds in the ground or, figuratively, of germs in the body or ideas in the mind, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the placing of seeds in damp sand or sawdust or peat moss in order to preserve them or promote germination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farming for the raising of livestock (particularly cattle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip cropping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivation of crops in strips following the contours of the land to minimize erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsistence farming" + ], + "it": [ + "agricoltura di sussistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a culture containing yeast or bacteria that is used to start the process of fermentation or souring in making butter or cheese or dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalization", + "naturalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of animals or plants to places where they flourish but are not indigenous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscaping", + "landscape gardening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "working as a landscape gardener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market gardening" + ], + "it": [ + "ortofrutticoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the growing of vegetables or flowers for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower gardening", + "floriculture" + ], + "it": [ + "floricoltura", + "floricultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treatment of damaged or decaying trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest", + "harvest time" + ], + "it": [ + "colta", + "mietitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season for gathering crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haying", + "haying time" + ], + "it": [ + "fienagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the season for cutting and drying and storing grass as fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainmaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity intended to produce rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of heat or electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mining", + "excavation" + ], + "it": [ + "estrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placer mining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mining valuable minerals from a placer by washing or dredging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip mining", + "opencast mining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mining of ore or coal from an open mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarrying" + ], + "it": [ + "estrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extraction of building stone or slate from an open surface quarry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boring", + "drilling", + "oil production" + ], + "it": [ + "perforazione", + "sondaggio", + "trapanatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drilling a hole in the earth in the hope of producing petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sericulture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of raw silk by raising silkworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industry", + "manufacture" + ], + "it": [ + "industria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organized action of making of goods and services for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrialization", + "industrialisation", + "industrial enterprise" + ], + "it": [ + "industrializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of industry on an extensive scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devising", + "fashioning", + "making" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorazione", + "realizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act that results in something coming to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of foil by cutting or beating metal into thin leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mapmaking", + "cartography" + ], + "it": [ + "cartografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the making of maps and charts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moviemaking", + "movie making", + "film making" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of movies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabrication", + "manufacture", + "manufacturing" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbricazione", + "lavorazione", + "manifattura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something (a product) from raw materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formation", + "shaping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of fabricating something in a particular shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of using a file (as in shaping or smoothing an object)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forging" + ], + "it": [ + "forgiatura", + "fucinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaping metal by heating and hammering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalworking", + "metalwork" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "lavorazione del metallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of making things out of metal in a skillful manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forming something into granules or grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grooving", + "rifling" + ], + "it": [ + "rigatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cutting of spiral grooves on the inside of the barrel of a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of shaping something on a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately ambiguous and contradictory language use to mislead and manipulate the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefabrication" + ], + "it": [ + "prefabbricazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manufacture of sections of a building at the factory so they can be easily and rapidly assembled at the building site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confection", + "concoction" + ], + "it": [ + "manipolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bonding thin sheets together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making leather from rawhide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veneering" + ], + "it": [ + "impiallacciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of applying veneer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creating by mental acts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating something by thinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creation by mental activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formation of a word by means of an affix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formation of a word by means of a prefix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formation of a word by means of a suffix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design", + "designing" + ], + "it": [ + "design", + "progettazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planning" + ], + "it": [ + "impostazione", + "pianificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city planning", + "town planning", + "urban planning" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificazione urbana", + "urbanistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determining and drawing up plans for the future physical arrangement and condition of a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoning" + ], + "it": [ + "zonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dividing an area into zones or sections reserved for different purposes such as residence and business and manufacturing etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "programming", + "programing", + "computer programming", + "computer programing" + ], + "it": [ + "programmazione di computer", + "programmazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a sequence of instructions to enable the computer to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic programming", + "logic programing" + ], + "it": [ + "programmazione logica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a program that enables the computer to reason logically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object-oriented programming", + "object-oriented programing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a program that can use and support objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbal creation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating something by the use of speech and language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing", + "authorship", + "composition", + "penning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating written works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoxography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine writing in praise of trivial or base subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing a first version to be filled out and polished later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatization", + "dramatisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion into dramatic form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabrication", + "fictionalization", + "fictionalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing in a fictional form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the writing of history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing a metrical composition (or the metrical structure of a composition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novelization", + "novelisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "converting something into the form of a novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting something in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicography" + ], + "it": [ + "lessicografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of writing dictionaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation", + "actualization", + "actualisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making real or giving the appearance of reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objectification" + ], + "it": [ + "oggettivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of representing an abstraction as a physical thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depersonalization", + "depersonalisation", + "reification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representing a human being as a physical thing deprived of personal qualities or individuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "externalization", + "externalisation", + "exteriorization", + "exteriorisation" + ], + "it": [ + "esteriorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embodying in an outward form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostatization", + "hypostatisation", + "reification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regarding something abstract as a material thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embodiment" + ], + "it": [ + "incarnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving concrete form to an abstract concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul" + ], + "it": [ + "personificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the human embodiment of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personification", + "incarnation" + ], + "it": [ + "incarnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art", + "artistic creation", + "artistic production" + ], + "it": [ + "arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the creation of beautiful or significant things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arts and crafts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arts of decorative design and handicraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceramics" + ], + "it": [ + "ceramica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of making and decorating pottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decalcomania" + ], + "it": [ + "calcomania", + "decalcomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of transfering designs from specially prepared paper to a wood or glass or metal surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gently pouring off a clear liquor (as from its original bottle) without disturbing the lees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoupage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of decorating a surface with shapes or pictures and then coating it with vanish or lacquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing", + "draftsmanship", + "drafting" + ], + "it": [ + "disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the creation of artistic pictures or diagrams" + ], + "it": [ + "arte e tecnica del disegnare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyptography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carving or engraving (especially on stones)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastronomy" + ], + "it": [ + "culinaria", + "gastronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art and practice of choosing and preparing and eating good food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Japanese art of folding paper into shapes representing objects (e.g., flowers or birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painting" + ], + "it": [ + "pittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating a picture with paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distemper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of painting in which the pigments are mixed with water and a binder; used for painting posters or murals or stage scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresco" + ], + "it": [ + "affresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting that applies the pigment thickly so that brush or palette knife marks are visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfumery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of making perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printmaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artistic design and manufacture of prints as woodcuts or silkscreens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculpture", + "carving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creating figures or designs in three dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modeling", + "modelling", + "molding", + "moulding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary sculpture in wax or clay from which a finished work can be copied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topiary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making decorative shapes by trimming shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of producing drawings on wood or leather by using heated tools or a fine flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracing" + ], + "it": [ + "calco", + "tracciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil painting" + ], + "it": [ + "pittura a olio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or method of painting with oil paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolor", + "water-color", + "watercolour", + "water-colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or technique of painting with watercolors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engraving", + "etching" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione", + "incisione all'acquaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making engraved or etched plates and printing designs from them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of engraving on a steel plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatint" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua tinta", + "acquatinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of etching that imitates the broad washes of a water color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serigraphy" + ], + "it": [ + "serigrafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a print by the silkscreen method" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a lithographic print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composing", + "composition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical creation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrangement", + "arranging", + "transcription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestration", + "instrumentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arranging a piece of music for an orchestra and assigning parts to the different musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the completion or enrichment of a piece of music left sparsely notated by a composer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapitulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the repetition of themes introduced earlier (especially when one is composing the final part of a movement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invention" + ], + "it": [ + "creazione", + "invenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inventing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neologism", + "neology", + "coinage" + ], + "it": [ + "coniazione", + "onomaturgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inventing a word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devisal", + "contrivance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of devising something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceptualization", + "conceptualisation", + "formulation" + ], + "it": [ + "enunciazione", + "formulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inventing or contriving an idea or explanation and formulating it mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "attack", + "plan of attack" + ], + "it": [ + "approccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "framing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formulation of the plans and important details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of approach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creating by removal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of creating by removing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavation", + "digging", + "dig" + ], + "it": [ + "escavazione", + "scavatura", + "scavo", + "sterro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carving", + "cutting" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removing parts from hard material to create a desired pattern or shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petroglyph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carving or line drawing on rock (especially one made by prehistoric people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the replacement of an edge or solid angle (as in cutting a gemstone) by a plane (especially by a plane that is equally inclined to the adjacent faces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drilling", + "boring" + ], + "it": [ + "perforazione", + "sondaggio", + "traforo", + "trapanatura", + "trapanazione", + "trivellamento", + "trivellatura", + "trivellazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gouging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "bucatura", + "foratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of puncturing or perforating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(surgery) the act of puncturing a body cavity or organ with a hollow needle in order to draw out fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominocentesis", + "paracentesis" + ], + "it": [ + "paracentesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "centesis of the belly to remove fluid for diagnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amniocentesis", + "amnio" + ], + "it": [ + "amniocentesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pregnancy) extraction by centesis of amniotic fluid from a pregnant woman (after the 15th week of pregnancy) to aid in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrocentesis" + ], + "it": [ + "artrocentesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of fluid from a joint by centesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celiocentesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of fluid from the abdomen by centesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar puncture", + "spinal puncture", + "spinal tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal by centesis of fluid from the subarachnoid space of the lumbar region of the spinal cord for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracocentesis", + "thoracentesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removal of fluid from the chest by centesis for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetoscopy", + "foetoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prenatal diagnosis that allows direct observation of a fetus in the uterus and the withdrawal of fetal blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perforation" + ], + "it": [ + "perforamento", + "perforatura", + "perforazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of punching a hole (especially a row of holes as for ease of separation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prick", + "pricking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of puncturing with a small point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venipuncture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) puncture of a vein through the skin in order to withdraw blood for analysis or to start an intravenous drip or to inject medication or a radiopaque dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film editing", + "cutting" + ], + "it": [ + "montaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search", + "hunt", + "hunting" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia", + "esplorazione", + "ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploration" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a careful systematic search" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foraging", + "forage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of searching for food and provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frisk", + "frisking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs by having them remove their clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looking", + "looking for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of searching visually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhunt" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia all'uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized search (by police) for a person (charged with a crime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quest", + "seeking" + ], + "it": [ + "cerca", + "ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of searching for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ransacking", + "rummage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exploratory action or expedition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use", + "usage", + "utilization", + "utilisation", + "employment", + "exercise" + ], + "it": [ + "impiego", + "uso", + "utilizzazione", + "utilizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of using" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "ginnastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utilization or exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misuse", + "abuse" + ], + "it": [ + "abuso", + "illecito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improper or excessive use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substance abuse", + "drug abuse", + "habit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive use of drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcohol abuse", + "alcoholic abuse", + "alcoholism abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive use of alcohol and alcoholic drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploitation", + "development" + ], + "it": [ + "sfruttamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making an area of land more useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water development", + "water project", + "water program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making an area of water more useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recycling" + ], + "it": [ + "riciclaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of processing used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collecting bottles for reuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application", + "practical application" + ], + "it": [ + "applicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misapplication" + ], + "it": [ + "cattivo uso", + "uso improprio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrong use or application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technology", + "engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practical application of science to commerce or industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeronautical engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of designing and constructing aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automotive technology", + "automotive engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of designing and constructing automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria chimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of applying chemistry to the solution of practical problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communications technology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital communications technology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the design and construction of communications technology that transmits information in digital form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer technology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of designing and constructing and programming computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high technology", + "high tech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly advanced technological development (especially in electronics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail technology", + "railroading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of designing and constructing and operating railroads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic levitation", + "maglev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high-speed rail technology; train is suspended on a magnetic cushion above a magnetized track and so travels free of friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexploitation", + "overuse", + "overutilization", + "overutilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploitation to the point of diminishing returns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalization", + "capitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of capitalizing on an opportunity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercialization", + "commercialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of commercializing something; involving something in commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalization", + "capitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimation of the value of a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market capitalization", + "market capitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimation of the value of a business that is obtained by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the current price of a share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrification" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitization", + "unitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the joint development of a petroleum resource that straddles territory controlled by different companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military action", + "action" + ], + "it": [ + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military engagement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limited war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war whose objective is less than the unconditional defeat of the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychological warfare", + "war of nerves" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra psicologica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of psychological tactics to destroy the opponents' morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle", + "conflict", + "fight", + "engagement" + ], + "it": [ + "battaglia", + "combattimento", + "conflitto", + "lotta", + "scontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockade", + "encirclement" + ], + "it": [ + "accerchiamento", + "blocco", + "imbottigliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "defensive measure" + ], + "it": [ + "difesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic warfare", + "EW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military action involving the use of electromagnetic energy to determine or exploit or reduce or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation", + "military operation" + ], + "it": [ + "operazione militare", + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity by a military or naval force (as a maneuver or campaign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combined operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military operation carried out cooperatively by two or more allied nations or a military operation carried out by coordination of sea, land, and air forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local military action without declaration of war; against violators of international peace and order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military action of resisting the enemy's advance" + ], + "it": [ + "azione difensiva che ha lo scopo di fermare l'avanzata nemica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saber rattling", + "sabre rattling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ostentatious display of military power (with the implied threat that it might be used)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armageddon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any catastrophically destructive battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitched battle" + ], + "it": [ + "battaglia campale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fierce battle fought in close combat between troops in predetermined positions at a chosen time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval battle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle between naval fleets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict", + "struggle", + "battle" + ], + "it": [ + "battaglia", + "combattimento", + "lotta", + "conflitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "clash", + "encounter", + "skirmish" + ], + "it": [ + "avvisaglia", + "scaramuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor short-term fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close-quarter fighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand-to-hand fighting at close quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contretemps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward clash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class struggle", + "class war", + "class warfare" + ], + "it": [ + "lotta di classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre", + "simulated military operation" + ], + "it": [ + "evoluzione", + "manovra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military training exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air defense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify their effectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active air defense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air defense by the use aircraft or missiles or artillery or electronic countermeasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive air defense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air defense by the use of deception or dispersion or protective construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil defense" + ], + "it": [ + "protezione civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activities organized by civilians for their own protection in time of war or disaster" + ], + "it": [ + "attività di prevenzione e soccorso contro le calamità naturali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defensive effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repulsion", + "standoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of repulsing or repelling an attack; a successful defensive stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hasty defense", + "hasty defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense organized while in contact with the enemy or when time is limited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliberate defense", + "deliberate defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense organized before contact is made with the enemy and while time for organization is available; usually includes a fortified zone (with pillboxes) and communication systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological defense", + "biological defence", + "biodefense", + "biodefence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using biological agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical defense", + "chemical defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using chemical agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mining", + "minelaying" + ], + "it": [ + "posa di mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laying explosive mines in concealed places to destroy enemy personnel and equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebellion", + "insurrection", + "revolt", + "rising", + "uprising" + ], + "it": [ + "fronda", + "insurrezione", + "moto", + "ribellione", + "rivolta", + "sedizione", + "sollevazione", + "sommossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil war" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between factions in the same country" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra tra persone di uno stesso stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolution" + ], + "it": [ + "rivoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the overthrow of a government by those who are governed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterrevolution" + ], + "it": [ + "controrivoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolution whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by a previous revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurgency", + "insurgence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intifada", + "intifadah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uprising by Palestinian Arabs (in both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank) against Israel in the late 1980s and again in 2000" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacification", + "counterinsurgency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actions taken by a government to defeat insurgency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutiny" + ], + "it": [ + "ammutinamento", + "rivolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open rebellion against constituted authority (especially by seamen or soldiers against their officers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peasant's Revolt", + "Great Revolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widespread rebellion in 1381 against poll taxes and other inequities that oppressed the poorer people of England; suppressed by Richard II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat", + "armed combat" + ], + "it": [ + "combattimento", + "combattimento armato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engagement fought between two military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggression", + "hostility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostilities", + "belligerency" + ], + "it": [ + "belligeranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fighting; acts of overt warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench warfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of armed combat in which the opposing troops fight from trenches that face each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat grinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any action resulting in injury or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violence", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "forza", + "violenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic violence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violence or physical abuse directed toward your spouse or domestic partner; usually violence by men against women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plundering", + "pillage", + "pillaging" + ], + "it": [ + "saccheggio", + "sacco", + "spogliazione", + "spoliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stealing valuable things from a place" + ], + "it": [ + "razzia e devastazione di un territorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banditry" + ], + "it": [ + "saccheggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of plundering in gangs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape", + "rapine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of despoiling a country in warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustling" + ], + "it": [ + "abigeato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stealing of cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looting", + "robbery" + ], + "it": [ + "razzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plundering during riots or in wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that despoils the innocence or beauty of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoil", + "spoliation", + "spoilation", + "despoilation", + "despoilment", + "despoliation" + ], + "it": [ + "spogliazione", + "spoliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stripping and taking by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravaging", + "devastation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plundering with excessive damage and destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depredation", + "predation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plundering of a place by an army or mob; usually involves destruction and slaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical warfare", + "chemical operations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warfare using chemical agents to kill or injure or incapacitate the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological warfare", + "BW", + "biological attack", + "biologic attack", + "bioattack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of bacteria or viruses or toxins to destroy men and animals or food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological warfare defense", + "biological warfare defence", + "BW defense", + "BW defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defense against biological warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign", + "military campaign" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedition", + "military expedition", + "hostile expedition" + ], + "it": [ + "spedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crusade" + ], + "it": [ + "Crociata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the more or less continuous military expeditions in the 11th to 13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade from 1096 to 1099; captured Jerusalem and created a theocracy there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade from 1145 to 1147 that failed because of internal disagreements among the crusaders and led to the loss of Jerusalem in 1187" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Third Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade from 1189 to 1192 led by Richard I and the king of France that failed because an army torn by dissensions and fighting on foreign soil could not succeed against forces united by religious zeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourth Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fifth Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade under papal control from 1218 to 1221 that achieved military victories but failed when dissension arose over accepting the terms they had been offered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sixth Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade from 1228 to 1229 led by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II who fell ill and was excommunicated by the Pope; by negotiation Frederick II was able to crown himself king of Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seventh Crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Crusade initiated in 1248 after the loss of Jerusalem in 1244 and defeated in 1249" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation conducted primarily by naval forces in order to gain or extend or maintain control of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission", + "military mission" + ], + "it": [ + "missione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation that is assigned by a higher headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat mission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mission to capture or defend something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search mission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mission to discover something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search and destroy mission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operation developed for United States troops in Vietnam; troops would move through a designated area destroying troops as they found them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sortie", + "sally" + ], + "it": [ + "sortita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military action in which besieged troops burst forth from their position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support", + "reinforcement", + "reenforcement" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent fight between dogs (sometimes organized illegally for entertainment and gambling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close-in firing by one unit against an enemy engaged by another unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mission requiring one force to support another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly the supported force's request for assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibious demonstration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy and leading him into a course of action unfavorable to him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversionary landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious diversionary attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "onslaught", + "onset", + "onrush" + ], + "it": [ + "assalto", + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)" + ], + "it": [ + "azione offensiva contro il nemico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war", + "warfare" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy" + ], + "it": [ + "conflitto fra stati (o all'interno di uno stato), nazioni, popoli, condotto con le armi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air raid", + "air attack" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardamento", + "incursione aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack by armed planes on a surface target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aerial engagement between fighter planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack by ground troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assault" + ], + "it": [ + "assalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close fighting during the culmination of a military attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a direct and violent assault on a stronghold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ], + "it": [ + "carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impetuous rush toward someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retaliatory charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banzai attack", + "banzai charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass attack of troops without concern for casualties; originated by Japanese who accompanied it with yells of `banzai'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversion", + "diversionary attack" + ], + "it": [ + "diversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack calculated to draw enemy defense away from the point of the principal attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration", + "incursion" + ], + "it": [ + "incursione", + "razzia", + "scorreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack that penetrates into enemy territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpenetration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of penetrating between or among" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blitz", + "blitzkrieg" + ], + "it": [ + "blitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift and violent military offensive with intensive aerial bombardment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakthrough" + ], + "it": [ + "sfondamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penetration of a barrier such as an enemy's defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety blitz", + "linebacker blitzing", + "blitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) defensive players try to break through the offensive line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousetrap", + "trap play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) a play in which a defensive player is allowed to cross the line of scrimmage and then blocked off as the runner goes through the place the lineman vacated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invasion" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa", + "invasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltration" + ], + "it": [ + "infiltrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process in which individuals (or small groups) penetrate an area (especially the military penetration of enemy positions without detection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foray", + "raid", + "maraud" + ], + "it": [ + "assalto", + "raid", + "scorribanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden short attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inroad" + ], + "it": [ + "incursione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an invasion or hostile attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoop" + ], + "it": [ + "blitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very rapid raid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack that is intended to seize or inflict damage on or destroy an objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial use of nuclear weapons to attack a country that also has nuclear weapons; considered feasible only when the attacker can destroy the other country's ability to retaliate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack (usually without prior warning) intended to deal only with a specific target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preventive strike", + "preventive attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strike that is carried out in order to deter expected aggression by hostile forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterattack", + "countermove" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack by a defending force against an attacking enemy force in order to regain lost ground or cut off enemy advance units etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombing", + "bombardment" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack by dropping bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombardment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act (or an instance) of subjecting a body or substance to the impact of high-energy particles (as electrons or alpha rays)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombing run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the flight that begins with the approach to the target; includes target acquisition and ends with the release of the bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet bombing", + "area bombing", + "saturation bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive and systematic bombing intended to devastate a large target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive-bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bombing run in which the bomber releases the bomb while flying straight toward the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft bombing", + "toss bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bombing run in which the bomber approaches the target at a low altitude and pulls up just before releasing the bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over-the-shoulder bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special case of loft bombing in which the bomb is released past the vertical so it is tossed back to the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide bombing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist bombing carried out by someone who does not hope to survive it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offense", + "offence", + "offensive" + ], + "it": [ + "offensiva", + "offesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of attacking an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counteroffensive" + ], + "it": [ + "controffensiva", + "contro-offensiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large scale offensive (more than a counterattack) undertaken by a defending force to seize the initiative from an attacking force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive conducted by secret police or the military of a regime against revolutionary and terrorist insurgents and marked by the use of kidnapping and torture and murder with civilians often being the victims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollback", + "push back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forcing the enemy to withdraw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacekeeping", + "peacekeeping mission", + "peacekeeping operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of keeping the peace by military forces (especially when international military forces enforce a truce between hostile groups or nations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibious operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military operation by both land and sea forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibious assault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious operation attacking a land base that is carried out by troops that are landed by naval ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information gathering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of collecting information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence", + "intelligence activity", + "intelligence operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation of gathering information about an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "current intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence of all types and forms of immediate interest; usually disseminated without delays for evaluation or interpretation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactical intelligence", + "combat intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence that is required for the planning and conduct of tactical operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrain intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tactical intelligence on the natural and man-made characteristics of an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategic intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence that is required for forming policy and military plans at national and international levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signals intelligence", + "SIGINT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence information gathered from communications intelligence or electronics intelligence or telemetry intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronics intelligence", + "ELINT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence derived from electromagnetic radiations from foreign sources (other than radioactive sources)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communications intelligence", + "COMINT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "technical and intelligence information derived from foreign communications by other than the intended recipients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telemetry intelligence", + "TELINT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence derived from the interception and processing and analysis of foreign telemetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clandestine operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence operation so planned and executed as to insure concealment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfiltration operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clandestine rescue operation to bring a defector or refugee or an operative and family out of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychological operation", + "psyop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military actions designed to influence the perceptions and attitudes of individuals, groups, and foreign governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covert operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence operation so planned as to permit plausible denial by the sponsor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covert operation not attributable to the organization carrying it out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overt operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of intelligence openly without concealment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance", + "reconnaissance mission" + ], + "it": [ + "avanscoperta", + "esplorazione", + "perlustrazione", + "ricognizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recce", + "recco", + "reccy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance (by shortening)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scouting", + "exploratory survey", + "reconnoitering", + "reconnoitring" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploring in order to gain information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air reconnaissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance either by visual observation from the air or through the use of airborne sensors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance by fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of reconnaissance in which fire is placed on a suspected enemy position in order to cause the enemy to disclose his presence by moving or returning fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance in force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive operation designed to discover or test the enemy's strength (or to obtain other information)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shufti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick look around (originally military slang)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic reconnaissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the detection and identification and evaluation and location of foreign electromagnetic radiations (other than radioactive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterintelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence activities concerned with identifying and counteracting the threat to security posed by hostile intelligence organizations or by individuals engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countersubversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of counterintelligence designed to detect and prevent subversive activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter-sabotage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counterintelligence designed to detect and counteract sabotage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire", + "firing" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy" + ], + "it": [ + "serie di spari o esplosioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiaircraft fire" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fuoco antiaereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firing at enemy aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrage", + "barrage fire", + "battery", + "bombardment", + "shelling" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardamento", + "sbarramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadside" + ], + "it": [ + "bordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simultaneous firing of all the armament on one side of a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusillade", + "salvo", + "volley", + "burst" + ], + "it": [ + "mitragliata", + "raffica", + "salva", + "sventagliata", + "scarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid simultaneous discharge of firearms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered on a specific target in response to a request from the supported unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close supporting fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire on enemy troops or weapons or positions that are near the supported unit and are the most immediate and serious threat to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "covering fire" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura", + "fuoco di copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire that makes it difficult for the enemy to fire on your own individuals or formations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep supporting fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire on objectives not in the immediate vicinity of your forces but with the objective of destroying enemy reserves and weapons and interfering with the enemy command and supply and communications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct supporting fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered in support of part of a force (as opposed to general supporting fire delivered in support of the force as a whole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrated fire", + "massed fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire from two or more weapons directed at a single target or area (as fire by batteries of two or more warships)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire intended to neutralize or destroy enemy weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterbattery fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered to neutralize or destroy indirect fire weapon systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterbombardment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bombardment intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermortar fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mortar fire intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpreparation fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intensive prearranged fire delivered when the immanence of enemy attack is discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossfire" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco incrociato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire from two or more points so that the lines of fire cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destruction fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered for the sole purpose of destroying material objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered on a target that is visible to the person aiming it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributed fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire dispersed so as to engage effectively an area target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendly fire", + "fratricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire that injures or kills an ally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostile fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire that injures or kills an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grazing fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire approximately parallel to the ground; the center of the cone of fire does rise above 1 meter from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harassing fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire designed to disturb the rest of enemy troops and to curtail movement and to lower enemy morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered on a target that is not itself used as the point of aim for the weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdiction fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire directed to an area to prevent the enemy from using that area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralization fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire that is delivered in order to render the target ineffective or unusable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observed fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire for which the point of impact (the burst) can be seen by an observer; fire can be adjusted on the basis of the observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preparation fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered on a target in preparation for an assault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radar fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gunfire aimed a target that is being tracked by radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dating", + "geological dating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potassium-argon dating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geological dating that relies on the proportions of radioactive potassium in a rock sample and its decay product, argon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiocarbon dating", + "carbon dating", + "carbon-14 dating" + ], + "it": [ + "prova del carbonio 14" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14; believed to be reliable up to 40,000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubidium-strontium dating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geological dating based on the proportions of radioactive rubidium into its decay product strontium; radioactive rubidium has a half-life of 47,000,000,000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registration fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered to obtain accurate data for subsequent effective engagement of targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheduled fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prearranged fire delivered at a predetermined time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scouring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moving over territory to search for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "searching fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire distributed in depth by successive changes in the elevation of the gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shakedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thorough search of a person or a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supporting fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered by supporting units to protect or assist a unit in combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppressive fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire on or about a weapon system to degrade its performance below what is needed to fulfill its mission objectives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unobserved fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire for which the point of impact (the bursts) cannot be observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artillery fire", + "cannon fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire delivered by artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannonade", + "drumfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense and continuous artillery fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-angle fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire from a cannon that is fired at an elevation greater than that for the maximum range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortar fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artillery fire delivered by a mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artillery or mortar fire delivered in a constant direction at several quadrant elevations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic countermeasures", + "ECM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic warfare undertaken to prevent or reduce an enemy's effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic counter-countermeasures", + "ECCM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic warfare undertaken to insure effective friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum in spite of the enemy's use of electronic warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic warfare-support measures", + "ESM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic warfare undertaken under direct control of an operational commander to locate sources of radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic intrusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths with the objective of confusing or deceiving operators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ warfare", + "bacteriological warfare" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra batteriologica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of harmful bacteria as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information warfare", + "IW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of information or information technology during a time of crisis or conflict to achieve or promote specific objectives over a specific adversary or adversaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jihad", + "jehad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jihad", + "jehad", + "international jihad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holy war waged by Muslims against infidels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world war" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra mondiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war in which the major nations of the world are involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measurement", + "measuring", + "measure", + "mensuration" + ], + "it": [ + "misuratura", + "misurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinometry" + ], + "it": [ + "attinometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (especially of the sun's rays)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algometry" + ], + "it": [ + "algesimetria", + "algometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring sensitivity to pain or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemography" + ], + "it": [ + "anemografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recording anemometrical measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemometry" + ], + "it": [ + "anemometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring wind speed and direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the precise measurement of angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropometry" + ], + "it": [ + "antropometria", + "somatometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement and study of the human body and its parts and capacities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterial blood gases" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of the pH level and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in arterial blood; important in diagnosis of many respiratory diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring sensitivity of hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathymetry", + "plumbing" + ], + "it": [ + "batigrafia", + "batimetria", + "batometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring the depths of the oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calibration", + "standardization", + "standardisation" + ], + "it": [ + "calibratura", + "taratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuning" + ], + "it": [ + "accordatura", + "geto", + "sintonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) calibrating something (an instrument or electronic circuit) to a standard frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjustment", + "registration", + "readjustment" + ], + "it": [ + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adjusting something to match a standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adjusting or aligning the parts of a device in relation to each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collimation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accurate adjustment of the line of sight of a telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustment of the intervals (as in tuning a keyboard instrument) so that the scale can be used to play in different keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal temperament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of the scale based on an octave that is divided into twelve exactly equal semitones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjustments made to an engine to improve its performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronization", + "synchronisation", + "synchronizing", + "synchronising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alignment of the wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the bottom than at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe-in" + ], + "it": [ + "convergenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alignment of the front wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the front than at the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voicing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of adjusting an organ pipe (or wind instrument) so that it conforms to the standards of tone and pitch and color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calorimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of quantities of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of human heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "densitometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring the optical density of a substance by shining light on it and measuring its transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dosimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring the dose of radiation emitted by a radioactive source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetometry", + "foetometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of a fetus (especially the diameter of the head)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrometry", + "gravimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of specific gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypsometry", + "hypsography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of the elevation of land above sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental measurement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generic term used to cover any application of measurement techniques to the quantification of mental functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micrometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring with a micrometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation" + ], + "it": [ + "osservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making and recording a measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of the dimensions of the bony birth canal (to determine whether vaginal birth is possible)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of the properties of light (especially luminous intensity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytophotometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of chemical compounds inside a cell by means of a cytophotometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantification" + ], + "it": [ + "quantificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discovering or expressing the quantity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradation", + "graduation" + ], + "it": [ + "graduazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arranging in grades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shading", + "blending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradation involving small or imperceptible differences between grades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divergence", + "divergency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of moving away in different direction from a common point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive dating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement of the amount of radioactive material (usually carbon 14) that an object contains; can be used to estimate the age of the object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading", + "meter reading" + ], + "it": [ + "lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of measuring with meters or similar instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding" + ], + "it": [ + "scandaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of measuring depth of water (usually with a sounding line)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound ranging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locating a source of sound (as an enemy gun) by measurements of the time the sound arrives at microphones in known positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of measuring or arranging or adjusting according to a scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of a spirometer to measure vital capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveying" + ], + "it": [ + "misurazione topografica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of measuring angles and distances on the ground so that they can be accurately plotted on a map" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scaling in weight or quantity or dimension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimation of the amount of lumber in a log" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromyography" + ], + "it": [ + "elettromiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders with the use of an electromyograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammography" + ], + "it": [ + "mammografia", + "mastografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagnostic procedure to detect breast tumors by the use of X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic technique using a thermograph to record the heat produced by different parts of the body; used to study blood flow and to detect tumors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammothermography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of thermography to detect breast tumors (which appear as hot spots)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test", + "mental test", + "mental testing", + "psychometric test" + ], + "it": [ + "reattivi mentali", + "reattivo", + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence test", + "IQ test" + ], + "it": [ + "test d'intelligenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychometric test of intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanford-Binet test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revision of the Binet-Simon Scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Binet-Simon Scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first intelligence test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personality test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any test that is intended to assess personality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projective test", + "projective device", + "projective technique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any personality test designed to yield information about someone's personality on the basis of their unrestricted response to ambiguous objects or situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rorschach", + "Rorschach test", + "inkblot test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projective tests using bilaterally symmetrical inkblots; subjects state what they see in the inkblot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thematic Apperception Test", + "TAT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projective technique using black-and-white pictures; subjects tell a story about each picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sub-test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a battery of related tests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization", + "organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "inquadramento", + "ordinamento", + "organizzazione", + "rassettamento", + "rassetto", + "ravviamento", + "ravviata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of events that attempts to achieve a maximum effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "randomization", + "randomisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberately haphazard arrangement of observations so as to simulate chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systematization", + "systematisation", + "rationalization", + "rationalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematic organization; the act of organizing something according to a system or a rationale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codification" + ], + "it": [ + "codifica", + "codificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of codifying; arranging in a systematic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalization", + "formalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "formalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making formal (as by stating formal rules governing classes of expressions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "ordering" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement according to rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaling", + "grading" + ], + "it": [ + "classificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arranging in a graduated series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succession", + "sequence" + ], + "it": [ + "sequenza", + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of following in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternation" + ], + "it": [ + "altalena", + "alternanza", + "alternazione", + "rotazione", + "avvicendamento", + "intercambiabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "successive change from one thing or state to another and back again" + ], + "it": [ + "seguito ciclico o alternato di eventi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of laying out (as by making plans for something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabetization", + "alphabetisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting in alphabetical order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listing", + "itemization", + "itemisation" + ], + "it": [ + "elencazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a list of items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory", + "inventorying", + "stocktaking", + "stock-taking" + ], + "it": [ + "inventario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making an itemized list of merchandise or supplies on hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocktake", + "stock-take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of stocktaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calling out an official list of names" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call of names of those receiving mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muster call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call of the names of personnel at a military assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendance check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call of students' names in a classroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of putting things together in groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrasing" + ], + "it": [ + "fraseggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grouping of musical phrases in a melodic line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "categorization", + "categorisation", + "classification", + "compartmentalization", + "compartmentalisation", + "assortment" + ], + "it": [ + "categorizzazione", + "classificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indexing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of classifying and providing an index in order to make items easier to retrieve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclassification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classifying something again (usually in a new category)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relegation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of assigning (someone or something) to a particular class or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratification" + ], + "it": [ + "stratificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxonomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice of classifying plants and animals according to their presumed natural relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classification according to general type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collection", + "collecting", + "assembling", + "aggregation" + ], + "it": [ + "collezionismo", + "raccolta", + "raggruppamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gathering something together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglomeration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of collecting in a mass; the act of agglomerating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assembling in proper numerical or logical sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compilation", + "compiling" + ], + "it": [ + "compilazione", + "redazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of compiling (as into a single book or file or list)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather", + "gathering" + ], + "it": [ + "raccolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of gathering something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centralization", + "centralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gathering to a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest", + "harvesting", + "harvest home" + ], + "it": [ + "colta", + "raccolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gathering of a ripened crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the harvesting of hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of collecting bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conchology", + "shell collecting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection and study of mollusc shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage collection", + "garbage pickup", + "trash collection", + "trash pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection and removal of garbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numismatics", + "numismatology", + "coin collecting", + "coin collection" + ], + "it": [ + "medaglistica", + "numismatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection and study of money (and coins in particular)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of picking up or collecting from various places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philately", + "stamp collecting", + "stamp collection" + ], + "it": [ + "filatelia", + "filatelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection and study of postage stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerophilately" + ], + "it": [ + "aerofilatelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection and study of airmail stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax collection" + ], + "it": [ + "prelievo", + "prelievo d'imposta", + "riscossione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorting" + ], + "it": [ + "cernita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grouping by class or kind or size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorialization", + "territorialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of organizing as a territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triage" + ], + "it": [ + "triage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorting and allocating aid on the basis of need for or likely benefit from medical treatment or food" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema utilizzato per selezionare i pazienti in Pronto Soccorso, secondo classi di urgenza crescente, in modo da dare le apposite cure prima ai casi con una priorità maggiore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support", + "supporting" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio", + "spalleggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoring", + "shoring up", + "propping up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of propping up with shores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension", + "dangling", + "hanging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuance", + "continuation" + ], + "it": [ + "continuazione", + "prosecuzione", + "proseguimento", + "continuamento", + "prosieguo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of continuing an activity without interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolongation", + "protraction", + "perpetuation", + "lengthening" + ], + "it": [ + "protrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of prolonging something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repetition", + "repeating" + ], + "it": [ + "replica", + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of doing or performing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echolalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) mechanical and meaningless repetition of the words of another person (as in schizophrenia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iteration" + ], + "it": [ + "iterazione", + "reiterazione", + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing or saying again; a repeated performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redundancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of an act needlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduplication", + "reiteration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of repeating over and again (or an instance thereof)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copying" + ], + "it": [ + "copiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of copying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplication", + "gemination" + ], + "it": [ + "duplicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of copying or making a duplicate (or duplicates) of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduction", + "replication" + ], + "it": [ + "riproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replay", + "instant replay", + "action replay" + ], + "it": [ + "replay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the immediate rebroadcast of some action (especially sports action) that has been recorded on videotape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound reproduction" + ], + "it": [ + "riproduzione del suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproduction of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high fidelity", + "hi-fi" + ], + "it": [ + "alta fedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproduction of sound with little or no distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headroom", + "dynamic headroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity of a system to reproduce loud sounds without distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reproducing recorded sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitation" + ], + "it": [ + "imitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copying (or trying to copy) the actions of someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imitation or repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulation" + ], + "it": [ + "emulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effort to equal or surpass another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimicry" + ], + "it": [ + "mimetismo", + "mimetizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the resemblance of an animal species to another species or to natural objects; provides concealment and protection from predators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perseverance", + "persistence", + "perseveration" + ], + "it": [ + "perseveranza", + "perseverazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of persisting or persevering; continuing or repeating behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abidance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abiding (enduring without yielding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursuance", + "prosecution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuance of something begun with a view to its completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that survives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangover", + "holdover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has survived from the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontinuance", + "discontinuation" + ], + "it": [ + "discontinuità", + "interruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discontinuing or breaking off; an interruption (temporary or permanent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disfranchisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discontinuation of a franchise; especially the discontinuation of the right to vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinheritance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act by a donor that terminates the right of a person to inherit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or instance of a planned discontinuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a proceeding that permits a person to enter into a lawsuit already in progress; admission of person not an original party to the suit so that person can protect some right or interest that is allegedly affected by the proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procedure" + ], + "it": [ + "modalità", + "procedura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procedure", + "process" + ], + "it": [ + "iter", + "procedimento", + "procedura", + "trafila", + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" + ], + "it": [ + "serie di operazioni attraverso le quali si ottiene il risultato voluto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure employed by medical or dental practitioners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure employed by a dentist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mapping", + "chromosome mapping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the process of locating genes on a chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure for operating something or for dealing with a given situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing operating procedure", + "standard operating procedure", + "SOP", + "standard procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prescribed procedure to be followed routinely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockstep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard procedure that is followed mindlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffening" + ], + "it": [ + "irrigidimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming stiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureaucratic procedure", + "red tape" + ], + "it": [ + "burocrazia", + "lungaggini burocratiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlessly time-consuming procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a procedure whereby a party to a suit says that a particular line of questioning or a particular witness or a piece of evidence or other matter is improper and should not be continued and asks the court to rule on its impropriety or illegality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recusation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an objection grounded on the judge's relationship to one of the parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indirect procedure or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigmarole", + "rigamarole" + ], + "it": [ + "trafila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and complicated and confusing procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "routine", + "modus operandi" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinaria amministrazione", + "routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unvarying or habitual method or procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhausting routine that leaves no time for relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rut", + "groove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settled and monotonous routine that is hard to escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceremony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea ceremony", + "chanoyu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient ritual for preparing and serving and drinking tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceremony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proper or conventional behavior on some solemn occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lustrum" + ], + "it": [ + "lustro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial purification of the Roman population every five years following the census" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritual", + "rite" + ], + "it": [ + "cerimoniale", + "rito", + "rituale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any customary observance or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious ceremony", + "religious ritual" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony having religious meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military ceremony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military custom performed in observance of some event or anniversary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agape", + "love feast" + ], + "it": [ + "agape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious meal shared as a sign of love and fellowship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worship" + ], + "it": [ + "adorazione", + "culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of worshipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deification", + "exaltation", + "apotheosis" + ], + "it": [ + "apoteosi", + "deificazione", + "divinizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elevation of a person (as to the status of a god)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancestor worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worship of ancestors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rite", + "religious rite" + ], + "it": [ + "rito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an established ceremony prescribed by a religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigil", + "watch" + ], + "it": [ + "veglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes (especially on the eve of a religious festival)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake", + "viewing" + ], + "it": [ + "veglia funebre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigil held over a corpse the night before burial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agrypnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigil before certain feasts (as e.g. Easter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last rites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rites performed in connection with a death or burial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secret rite in the cults of ancient Greek or Roman deities involving singing and dancing and drinking and sexual activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popery", + "papism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive terms for the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of quoting from books or plays etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritual" + ], + "it": [ + "rituale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritualism" + ], + "it": [ + "ritualismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated emphasis on the importance of rites or ritualistic forms in worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumcision" + ], + "it": [ + "circoncisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of circumcising performed on males eight days after birth as a Jewish and Muslim religious rite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berith", + "Berit", + "Brith", + "Bris", + "Briss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Jewish rite of circumcision performed on a male child on the eighth day of his life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudism", + "naturism" + ], + "it": [ + "naturismo", + "nudismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "going without clothes as a social practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systematism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the habitual practice of systematization and classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transvestism", + "transvestitism", + "cross dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "eonismo", + "travestitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of adopting the clothes or the manner or the sexual role of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service", + "religious service", + "divine service" + ], + "it": [ + "cerimonia", + "funzione", + "ufficio", + "uffizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of public worship following prescribed rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church service", + "church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service conducted in a house of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devotional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short religious service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer meeting", + "prayer service" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro di preghiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service at which people sing hymns and pray together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapel service", + "chapel" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service conducted in a place of worship that has its own altar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liturgy" + ], + "it": [ + "liturgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rite or body of rites prescribed for public worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian liturgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Christian worship services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office" + ], + "it": [ + "funzione", + "ufficio", + "uffizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Divine Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canonical prayers recited daily by priests (e.g. the breviary of the Roman Catholic Church)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic office honoring the Virgin Mary; similar to but shorter than the Divine Office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Office of the Dead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office read or sung before a burial mass in the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committal service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "service committing a body to the grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "none" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service in the Roman Catholic Church formerly read or chanted at 3 PM (the ninth hour counting from sunrise) but now somewhat earlier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a late afternoon or evening worship service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placebo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) vespers of the office for the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a devotional service (especially on New Year's Eve)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrament" + ], + "it": [ + "sacramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal religious ceremony conferring a specific grace on those who receive it; the two Protestant ceremonies are baptism and the Lord's Supper; in the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church there are seven traditional rites accepted as instituted by Jesus: baptism and confirmation and Holy Eucharist and penance and holy orders and matrimony and extreme unction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Last Supper", + "Lord's Supper" + ], + "it": [ + "cenacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional Passover supper of Jesus with his disciples on the eve of his crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seder", + "Passover supper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the ceremonial dinner on the first night (or both nights) of Passover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Eucharist", + "Eucharist", + "sacrament of the Eucharist", + "Holy Sacrament", + "Liturgy", + "Eucharistic liturgy", + "Lord's Supper" + ], + "it": [ + "comunione", + "corpo di Cristo", + "eucarestia", + "eucaristia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Offertory" + ], + "it": [ + "offertorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Eucharist when bread and wine are offered to God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communion", + "Holy Communion", + "sacramental manduction", + "manduction" + ], + "it": [ + "comunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercommunion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participation in Holy Communion by members of more than one church (eg Catholic and Orthodox)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betrothal", + "espousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming betrothed or engaged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrimony" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremony or sacrament of marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage", + "wedding", + "marriage ceremony" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of marrying; the nuptial ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rite of passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ritual performed in some cultures at times when an individual changes status (as from adolescence to adulthood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridal", + "espousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaic terms for a wedding or wedding feast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage performed by a government official rather than by a clergyman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love match" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marriage for love's sake; not an arranged marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baptism" + ], + "it": [ + "battesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian sacrament signifying spiritual cleansing and rebirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of baptizing someone by pouring water on their head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspersion", + "sprinkling" + ], + "it": [ + "aspersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sprinkling water in baptism (rare)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "christening" + ], + "it": [ + "battesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving a Christian name at baptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immersion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of baptism in which part or all of a person's body is submerged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trine immersion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baptism by immersion three times (in the names in turn of the Trinity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirmation" + ], + "it": [ + "cresima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sacrament admitting a baptized person to full participation in the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony held in the synagogue (usually at Pentecost) to admit as adult members of the Jewish community young men and women who have successfully completed a course of study in Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penance" + ], + "it": [ + "penitenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Catholic sacrament; repentance and confession and atonement and absolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession" + ], + "it": [ + "confessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the act of a penitent disclosing his sinfulness before a priest in the sacrament of penance in the hope of absolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of being shriven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anointing of the sick", + "extreme unction", + "last rites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Catholic sacrament; a priest anoints a dying person with oil and prays for salvation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sacrament of ordination" + ], + "it": [ + "sacramento mediante il quale viene conferito il sacerdozio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanctification" + ], + "it": [ + "santificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious ceremony in which something is made holy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beatification" + ], + "it": [ + "beatificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an act of the Pope who declares that a deceased person lived a holy life and is worthy of public veneration; a first step toward canonization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canonization", + "canonisation" + ], + "it": [ + "canonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church) the act of admitting a deceased person into the canon of saints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consecration" + ], + "it": [ + "benedizione", + "consacrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(religion) sanctification of something by setting it apart (usually with religious rites) as dedicated to God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loyalty and commitment to the interests of your own minority or ethnic group rather than to society as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consecration" + ], + "it": [ + "consacrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn commitment of your life or your time to some cherished purpose (to a service or a goal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oblation", + "religious offering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of offering the bread and wine of the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblation", + "offering" + ], + "it": [ + "oblazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of contributing to the funds of a church or charity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unction", + "inunction" + ], + "it": [ + "unzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anointing as part of a religious ceremony or healing ritual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libation" + ], + "it": [ + "libagione", + "libazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pouring a liquid offering (especially wine) as a religious ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer", + "supplication" + ], + "it": [ + "preghiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mass" + ], + "it": [ + "messa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church and Protestant Churches) the celebration of the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "High Mass" + ], + "it": [ + "messa cantata", + "messa solenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn and elaborate Mass with music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low Mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mass recited without music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Requiem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mass celebrated for the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devotion" + ], + "it": [ + "devozione", + "divozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) religious observance or prayers (usually spoken silently)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bhakti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and nirvana; open to all persons independent of caste or sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic devotion consisting of prayers on nine consecutive days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stations", + "Stations of the Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessing", + "benediction" + ], + "it": [ + "benedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of praying for divine protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolization", + "idolisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of worshiping blindly and to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoration", + "latria" + ], + "it": [ + "culto", + "devozione", + "divozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship given to God alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolatry", + "idol worship" + ], + "it": [ + "feticismo", + "idolatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of idols; the worship of images that are not God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bardolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the idolization of William Shakespeare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconolatry" + ], + "it": [ + "iconolatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of sacred images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolatry", + "devotion", + "veneration", + "cultism" + ], + "it": [ + "culto", + "dedizione", + "devozione", + "divozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious zeal; the willingness to serve God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiolatry", + "autolatry", + "self-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliolatry", + "Bible-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of the Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbolatry", + "grammatolatry", + "word-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolatry", + "symbololatry", + "symbol-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropolatry", + "worship of man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyneolatry", + "gynaeolatry", + "woman-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lordolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of a lord because of his rank or title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thaumatolatry", + "miracle-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of miracles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topolatry", + "place-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arborolatry", + "tree-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrolatry", + "worship of heavenly bodies" + ], + "it": [ + "astrolatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of planets or stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of the cosmos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabolatry", + "demonolatry", + "devil-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acts or rites of worshiping devils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrolatry", + "fire-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagiolatry", + "hierolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of saints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliolatry", + "sun-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoolatry", + "animal-worship" + ], + "it": [ + "zoolatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyolatry", + "fish-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of a single god but without claiming that it is the only god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophiolatry", + "serpent-worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon-worship", + "selenolatry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the worship of the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energizing", + "activating", + "activation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of causing to have energy and be active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrification" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of thrilling or markedly exciting some person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revival", + "resurgence", + "revitalization", + "revitalisation", + "revivification" + ], + "it": [ + "renaissance", + "revival", + "rifioritura", + "rinascita", + "riproposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bringing again into activity and prominence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebirth", + "Renaissance", + "Renascence" + ], + "it": [ + "rinascimento", + "rinascita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revival of learning and culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regeneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of spiritual or physical renewal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurrection" + ], + "it": [ + "resurrezione", + "risurrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revival from inactivity and disuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resuscitation" + ], + "it": [ + "reanimazione", + "rianimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reviving a person and returning them to consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivification", + "invigoration", + "animation" + ], + "it": [ + "vivificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of giving vitality and vigour to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concealment", + "concealing", + "hiding" + ], + "it": [ + "ammantatura", + "dissimulazione", + "nascondimento", + "occultamento", + "ricoperta", + "ricopertura", + "ricoprimento", + "sottrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of keeping something secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disguise", + "camouflage" + ], + "it": [ + "camuffamento", + "mascheramento", + "travestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity that tries to conceal something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "covering", + "screening", + "masking" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura", + "mascheramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of concealing the existence of something by obstructing the view of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false identity and background (especially one created for an undercover agent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concealment that attempts to prevent something scandalous from becoming public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue wall of silence", + "blue wall", + "wall of silence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the secrecy of police officers who lie or look the other way to protect other police officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burying", + "burial" + ], + "it": [ + "interramento", + "inumazione", + "sotterramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concealing something under the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reburying", + "reburial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of burying again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke screen", + "smokescreen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an action intended to conceal or confuse or obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stealth", + "stealing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoiding detection by moving carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money laundering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concealing the source of illegally gotten money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placement", + "location", + "locating", + "position", + "positioning", + "emplacement" + ], + "it": [ + "collocazione", + "disposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting something in a certain place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juxtaposition", + "apposition", + "collocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of positioning close together (or side by side)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the careful juxtaposition of shapes in a pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interposition", + "intervention" + ], + "it": [ + "frapposizione", + "interposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientation" + ], + "it": [ + "orientamento", + "orientazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of orienting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of fixing firmly in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of planting or setting in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repositioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of placing in a new position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting something in position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the placement of one thing on top of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingering" + ], + "it": [ + "diteggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the placement of the fingers for playing different notes (or sequences of notes) on a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) the placement of one object ideally in the position of another one in order to show that the two coincide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continuing or remaining in a place or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residency", + "residence", + "abidance" + ], + "it": [ + "abitazione", + "residenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dwelling in a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of lodging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupancy", + "tenancy" + ], + "it": [ + "conduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of being a tenant or occupant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhabitancy", + "inhabitation", + "habitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dwelling in or living permanently in a place (said of both animals and men)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohabitation" + ], + "it": [ + "convivenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of living together and having a sexual relationship (especially without being married)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concubinage" + ], + "it": [ + "concubinaggio", + "concubinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cohabitation without being legally married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camping", + "encampment", + "bivouacking", + "tenting" + ], + "it": [ + "accampamento", + "campeccio", + "campeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sojourn", + "visit" + ], + "it": [ + "permanenza", + "visita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary stay (e.g., as a guest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visit in an official or professional capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief social visit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of making visits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "stopover", + "layover" + ], + "it": [ + "sosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief stay in the course of a journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a break in a journey for the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief stop at a pit during an automobile race to take on fuel or service the car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop during an automobile trip for rest and refreshment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ], + "it": [ + "sosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop made by a touring musical or theatrical group to give a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provision", + "supply", + "supplying" + ], + "it": [ + "apporto", + "approvvigionamento", + "delivery", + "erogazione", + "fornitura", + "rifornimento", + "riserva", + "vettovagliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of supplying or providing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrigation" + ], + "it": [ + "adacquamento", + "adacquatura", + "irrigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeding", + "alimentation" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentazione", + "nutrimento", + "nutrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of supplying food and nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infant feeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding an infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand feeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding a baby or animal whenever it shows a need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forced feeding", + "gavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding that consists of the delivery of a nutrient solution (as through a nasal tube) to someone who cannot or will not eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasogastric feeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding consisting of delivering liquid nutrients through a tube passing through the nose and into the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrogavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding a nutrient solution into the stomach through a tube through a surgically created opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing", + "breast feeding" + ], + "it": [ + "allattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nourishing at the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous feeding", + "IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administration of nutrients through a vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overfeeding" + ], + "it": [ + "iperalimentazione", + "ipernutrizione", + "superalimentazione", + "supernutrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonfeeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding someone (as a baby) from a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schedule feeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeding a baby or animal according to a fixed schedule (e.g., every 4 hours)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total parenteral nutrition", + "TPN", + "hyperalimentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administration of a nutritionally adequate solution through a catheter into the vena cava; used in cases of long-term coma or severe burns or severe gastrointestinal syndromes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fueling", + "refueling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of supplying or taking on fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "healthcare", + "health care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "healthcare delivery", + "health care delivery", + "care delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provision of health care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "issuing", + "issuance" + ], + "it": [ + "emissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)" + ], + "it": [ + "l'operazione mediante la quale si da inizio alla circolazione di moneta o titoli di credito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(corporation law) the authorization and delivery of shares of stock for sale to the public or the shares thus offered at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handling an operation that involves providing labor and materials be supplied as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purveyance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of supplying something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of supplying a stock of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subvention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of providing aid or help of any sort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of demanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of demanding or levying by force or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unjust exaction (as by the misuse of authority)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim" + ], + "it": [ + "pretesa", + "richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand for something as rightful or due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurance claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand for payment in accordance with an insurance policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual depletion of energy or resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain drain" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga di cervelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depletion or loss of intellectual and technical personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inactivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being inactive; being less active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pause" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary inactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respite", + "recess", + "break", + "time out" + ], + "it": [ + "time out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pause from doing something (as work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a week or more of recess during the spring term at school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hesitation", + "waver", + "falter", + "faltering" + ], + "it": [ + "dubitazione", + "esitamento", + "esitazione", + "oscitanza", + "peritanza", + "se", + "tentennare", + "tentennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pausing uncertainly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of suspending activity temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "halt" + ], + "it": [ + "fermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interruption or temporary suspension of progress or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wait", + "waiting" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto", + "attesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest", + "ease", + "repose", + "relaxation" + ], + "it": [ + "distensione", + "riposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedrest", + "bed rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confinement to bed continuously (as in the case of some sick or injured persons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laziness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relaxed and easy activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long stay in bed in the morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiescence", + "quiescency", + "dormancy", + "sleeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quiet and inactive restfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity that is passive and monotonous, comparable to the inactivity of plant life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leisure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idleness", + "idling", + "loafing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having no employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolce far niente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carefree idleness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free time", + "spare time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time that is free from duties or responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacationing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking a vacation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busman's holiday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holiday where you do the same things you do at work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i40999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caravanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of taking holidays in a caravan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delay", + "holdup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delaying; inactivity resulting in something being put off until a later time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demurrage" + ], + "it": [ + "controstallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detention of a ship or freight car or other cargo beyond its scheduled time of departure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forbearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delay in enforcing rights or claims or privileges; refraining from acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postponement", + "deferment", + "deferral" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornamento", + "differimento", + "dilazione", + "posticipazione", + "procrastinamento", + "procrastinazione", + "prolungamento", + "proroga", + "rinvio", + "slittamento", + "sospensione", + "sospensiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of putting off to a future time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjournment" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornamento", + "rinvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of postponing to another time or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prorogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discontinuation of the meeting (of a legislative body) without dissolving it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procrastination", + "cunctation", + "shillyshally" + ], + "it": [ + "temporeggiamento", + "traccheggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of procrastinating; putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slowdown", + "lag", + "retardation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of slowing down or falling behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dalliance", + "dawdling", + "trifling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate act of delaying and playing instead of working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filibuster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a tactic for delaying or obstructing legislation by making long speeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interjection", + "interposition", + "interpolation", + "interpellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of interjecting or interposing an action or remark that interrupts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarriance", + "lingering" + ], + "it": [ + "indugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tarrying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaking off", + "abruption" + ], + "it": [ + "rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of sudden interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heckling", + "barracking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shouting to interrupt a speech with which you disagree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstinence" + ], + "it": [ + "astinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or practice of refraining from indulging an appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asceticism", + "ascesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rigorous self-denial and active self-restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chastity", + "celibacy", + "sexual abstention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the act of mortifying the lusts of the flesh by self-denial and privation (especially by bodily pain or discomfort inflicted on yourself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-denial", + "self-discipline", + "self-control" + ], + "it": [ + "autocontrollo", + "controllo", + "self control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of denying yourself; controlling your impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sobriety", + "temperance" + ], + "it": [ + "moderazione", + "temperanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstaining from excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teetotaling", + "teetotalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstaining from alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast", + "fasting" + ], + "it": [ + "digiuno", + "vigilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstaining from food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet", + "dieting" + ], + "it": [ + "dieta", + "dieta dimagrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control of the flow of traffic in a building or a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point duty" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "servizio di controllo del traffico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the control of traffic by a policeman stationed at an intersection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price-fixing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control (by agreement among producers or by government) of the price of a commodity in interstate commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibition", + "suppression" + ], + "it": [ + "inibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the conscious exclusion of unacceptable thoughts or desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of tolerating something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenience", + "leniency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightening a penalty or excusing from a chore by judges or parents or teachers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clemency", + "mercifulness", + "mercy" + ], + "it": [ + "clemenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasure" + ], + "it": [ + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that affords enjoyment" + ], + "it": [ + "attività che porta diletto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxuriation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity that affords excessive pleasure and enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoyment", + "delectation" + ], + "it": [ + "divertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of receiving pleasure from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamentation", + "mourning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passionate and demonstrative activity of expressing grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laughter" + ], + "it": [ + "riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of laughing; the manifestation of joy or mirth or scorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfaction" + ], + "it": [ + "esaudimento", + "impetrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of fulfilling a desire or need or appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or an instance of satisfying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of achieving full gratification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-gratification", + "head trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of satisfying your own desires and giving yourself pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulgence", + "indulging", + "pampering", + "humoring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of indulging or gratifying a desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of one who pleases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overindulgence", + "excess" + ], + "it": [ + "smoderatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orgy", + "binge", + "splurge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any act of immoderate indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindrance", + "hinderance", + "interference" + ], + "it": [ + "frapposizione", + "interferenza", + "intromissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hindering or obstructing or impeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) interference in or inhibition of the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruction" + ], + "it": [ + "intasamento", + "intralcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of obstructing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockage", + "closure", + "occlusion" + ], + "it": [ + "intasamento", + "ostruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of blocking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval blockade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interdiction of a nation's lines of communication at sea by the use of naval power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siege", + "besieging", + "beleaguering", + "military blockade" + ], + "it": [ + "assedio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief" + ], + "it": [ + "liberazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of freeing a city or town that has been besieged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall", + "stalling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tactic used to mislead or delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewalling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalling or delaying especially by refusing to answer questions or cooperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "stoppage" + ], + "it": [ + "fermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stopping something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complication" + ], + "it": [ + "complicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of complicating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deterrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act or process of discouraging actions or preventing occurrences by instilling fear or doubt or anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discouragement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discouraging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear deterrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermine" + ], + "it": [ + "contromina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a tunnel dug to defeat similar activities by the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevention", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "prevenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preventing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "averting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preventing something from occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debarment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of prevention by legal means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disqualification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preventing someone from participating by finding them unqualified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intercepting; preventing something from proceeding or arriving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonproliferation", + "non-proliferation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevention of something increasing or spreading (especially the prevention of an increase in the number of countries possessing nuclear weapons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obviation", + "forestalling", + "preclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "preclusione", + "prevenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preventing something by anticipating and disposing of it effectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophylaxis" + ], + "it": [ + "medicina preventiva", + "prevenzione", + "profilassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevention of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save" + ], + "it": [ + "parata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppression", + "crushing", + "quelling", + "stifling" + ], + "it": [ + "soffocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forceful prevention; putting down by power or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax avoidance" + ], + "it": [ + "elusione fiscale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimization of tax liability by lawful methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recusation", + "recusal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the disqualification of a judge or jury by reason of prejudice or conflict of interest; a judge can be recused by objections of either party or judges can disqualify themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group action" + ], + "it": [ + "atto collettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action taken by a group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity considered appropriate on social occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of communal living and common ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confederation", + "alliance" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of forming an alliance or confederation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ], + "it": [ + "aggregazione", + "associazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consorting with or joining with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraternization", + "fraternisation" + ], + "it": [ + "fraternizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "associating with others in a brotherly or friendly way; especially with an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiliation" + ], + "it": [ + "affigliazione", + "affiliazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of becoming formally connected or joined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaffiliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affiliation anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mingling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of people mingling and coming into contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decolonization", + "decolonisation" + ], + "it": [ + "decolonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of changing from colonial to independent status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbandment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disbanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disestablishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act terminating an established state of affairs; especially ending a connection with the Church of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution" + ], + "it": [ + "erogazione", + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redistribution" + ], + "it": [ + "redistribuzione", + "ridistribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distributing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dispensing (giving out in portions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allotment", + "apportionment", + "apportioning", + "allocation", + "parceling", + "parcelling", + "assignation" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnazione", + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distributing by allotting or apportioning; distribution according to a plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reallotment", + "reapportionment", + "reallocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new apportionment (especially a new apportionment of congressional seats in the United States on the basis of census results)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshuffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a redistribution of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of apportioning or distributing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reapportioning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationing" + ], + "it": [ + "razionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rationing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcel", + "portion", + "share" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the allotment of some amount by dividing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of distributing playing cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect deal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenue sharing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribution of part of the federal tax income to states and municipalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharing", + "share-out" + ], + "it": [ + "lottizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distribution in shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generosity", + "unselfishness" + ], + "it": [ + "altruismo", + "liberalità", + "munificenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting generously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giving", + "gift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestowal", + "bestowment", + "conferral", + "conferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conferring an honor or presenting a gift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accordance", + "accordance of rights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of granting rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endowment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of endowing with a permanent source of income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social welfare", + "welfare", + "public assistance" + ], + "it": [ + "welfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government provision for unemployed, injured, or aged people; financed by contributions from employers and employees as well as by government revenue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social insurance program in Britain; based on contributions from employers and employees; provides payments to unemployed and sick and retired people as well as medical services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplementary benefit", + "social assistance", + "national assistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benefits paid to bring incomes up to minimum levels established by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Social Security" + ], + "it": [ + "previdenza sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social welfare program in the U.S.; includes old-age and survivors insurance and some unemployment insurance and old-age assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aid for the aged or indigent or handicapped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dole", + "pogy", + "pogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money received from the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployment compensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment by a United States agency to unemployed people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-age insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance paid to the elderly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivors insurance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insurance paid to surviving spouses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disability insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione contro l'invalidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social insurance for the disabled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health care" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza sanitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social insurance for the ill and injured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "health care for the aged; a federally administered system of health insurance available to persons aged 65 and over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medicaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "health care for the needy; a federally and state-funded program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary health care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "health care that is provided by a health care professional in the first contact of a patient with the health care system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philanthropy", + "philanthropic gift" + ], + "it": [ + "filantropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voluntary promotion of human welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charity" + ], + "it": [ + "carità", + "beneficenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity or gift that benefits the public at large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribution", + "donation" + ], + "it": [ + "donazione", + "elargizione", + "contributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of giving in common with others for a common purpose especially to a charity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pledged contribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money or goods contributed to the poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alms-giving", + "almsgiving" + ], + "it": [ + "carità", + "elemosina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making voluntary contributions to aid the poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving money or food or clothing to a needy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commerce", + "commercialism", + "mercantilism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade" + ], + "it": [ + "attività economica", + "commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade that is conducted legally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free trade" + ], + "it": [ + "liberismo", + "libero scambio", + "liberoscambismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "international trade free of government interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North American Free Trade Agreement", + "NAFTA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "e-commerce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commerce conducted electronically (as on the internet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange", + "interchange" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money (especially the currencies of different countries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of exchanging one type of money or security for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitization", + "unitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion of an investment trust into a unit investment trust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lending", + "loaning" + ], + "it": [ + "prestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disposing of money or property with the expectation that the same thing (or an equivalent) will be returned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of lending money at an exorbitant rate of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitrage" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of hedged investment meant to capture slight differences in price; when there is a difference in the price of something on two different markets the arbitrageur simultaneously buys at the lower price and sells at the higher price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risk arbitrage", + "takeover arbitrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arbitrage involving risk; as in the simultaneous purchase of stock in a target company and sale of stock in its potential acquirer; if the takeover fails the arbitrageur may lose a great deal of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initial public offering", + "IPO", + "initial offering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation's first offer to sell stock to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial enterprise", + "business enterprise", + "business" + ], + "it": [ + "attività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business activity", + "commercial activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity undertaken as part of a commercial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation" + ], + "it": [ + "gestione", + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business especially one run on a large scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business" + ], + "it": [ + "affari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume of commercial activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade", + "patronage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any enterprise in which losses and gains cancel out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custom" + ], + "it": [ + "clientela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual patronage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land-office business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large and profitable volume of commercial activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field", + "field of operation", + "line of business" + ], + "it": [ + "ramo", + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular kind of commercial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market", + "marketplace", + "market place" + ], + "it": [ + "commercio", + "mercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold" + ], + "it": [ + "l'attività commerciale in cui beni e servizi sono scambiati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal market in which goods or currencies are bought and sold in violation of rationing or controls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buyer's market", + "buyers' market", + "soft market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market in which more people want to sell than want to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey market", + "gray market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unofficial market in which goods are bought and sold at prices lower than the official price set by a regulatory agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seller's market", + "sellers' market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato del venditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market in which more people want to buy than want to sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato del lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the market in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers" + ], + "it": [ + "l'insieme della domanda e dell'offerta di posti di lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee-owned enterprise", + "employee-owned business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial enterprise owned by the people who work for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance" + ], + "it": [ + "finanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial activity of providing funds and capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporate finance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the financial activities of corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financing", + "funding" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of financing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high finance" + ], + "it": [ + "alta finanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and complex financial transactions (often used with the implication that those individuals or institutions who engage in them are unethical)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investing", + "investment" + ], + "it": [ + "investimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign direct investment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "investing in United States businesses by foreign citizens (often involves stock ownership of the business)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leverage", + "leveraging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "investing with borrowed money as a way to amplify potential gains (at the risk of greater losses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flotation", + "floatation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financing a commercial enterprise by bond or stock shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banking" + ], + "it": [ + "attività bancaria", + "tecnica bancaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transacting business with a bank; depositing or withdrawing funds or requesting a loan etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home banking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banking in which transactions are conducted by means of electronic communication (via telephone or computer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engaging in the business of keeping money for savings and checking accounts or for exchange or for issuing loans and credit etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooperative", + "co-op" + ], + "it": [ + "cooperativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jointly owned commercial enterprise (usually organized by farmers or consumers) that produces and distributes goods and services and is run for the benefit of its owners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of selling merchandise at a discount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real-estate business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of selling real estate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertising", + "publicizing" + ], + "it": [ + "advertising", + "propaganda commerciale", + "pubblicità", + "publicizzazione", + "reclame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of drawing public attention to goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard sell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forceful and insistent advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft sell" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "persuasione all'acquisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggestive or persuasive advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularization", + "circularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulating printed notices as a means of advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publication", + "publishing" + ], + "it": [ + "editoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desktop publishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the use of microcomputers with graphics capacity to produce printed materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the communication of something to the public; making information generally known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republication", + "republishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of publishing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribution" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo", + "contributo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing for publication especially one of a collection of writings as an article or story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serialization", + "serialisation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pubblicazione a puntate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publication in serial form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of composing type and printing from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of producing printed material for sale or distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intaglio printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photogravure", + "rotogravure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using photography to produce a plate for printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "publication" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of issuing printed materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packaging" + ], + "it": [ + "confezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of packing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meatpacking", + "meat packing", + "meat-packing business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wholesale packaging of meat for future sale (including slaughtering and processing and distribution to retailers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitization", + "unitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of packaging cargo into unit loads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providing food and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agribusiness", + "agriculture", + "factory farm" + ], + "it": [ + "agricoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large-scale farming enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck farming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growing vegetables for the market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction", + "building" + ], + "it": [ + "edilizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones" + ], + "it": [ + "la attività commerciale legata alla costruzione di edifici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerry-building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construction of inferior buildings for a quick profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of laying slates for a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transportation", + "shipping", + "transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air transportation", + "air transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transportation by air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hauling", + "trucking", + "truckage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of transporting goods by truck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartage", + "carting" + ], + "it": [ + "carreggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of taking something away in a cart or truck and disposing of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight", + "freightage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transporting goods commercially at rates cheaper than express rates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "expressage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid transport of goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferry", + "ferrying" + ], + "it": [ + "traghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by boat or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade from upper-class customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transaction", + "dealing", + "dealings" + ], + "it": [ + "transazione", + "operazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of transacting within or between groups (as carrying on commercial activities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transactions of professional or public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world affairs", + "international affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affairs between nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operations", + "trading operations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "transference" + ], + "it": [ + "alienazione", + "cessione", + "trasferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transferring ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the voluntary and absolute transfer of title and possession of real property from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyance", + "conveyance of title", + "conveyancing", + "conveying" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of transferring property title from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quitclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of transferring a title or right or claim to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delivery", + "livery", + "legal transfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the voluntary transfer of something (title or possession) from one party to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delivery of personal property in trust by the bailor to the bailee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lend-lease", + "lease-lend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transfer of goods and services to an ally to aid in a common cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secularization", + "secularisation" + ], + "it": [ + "laicizzazione", + "secolarizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer of property from ecclesiastical to civil possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "interscambio", + "ricambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving something in return for something received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barter", + "swap", + "swop", + "trade" + ], + "it": [ + "baratto", + "scambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equal exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse trade", + "horse trading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the swapping of horses (accompanied by much bargaining)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logrolling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of exchanging favors for mutual gain; especially trading of influence or votes among legislators to gain passage of certain projects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal", + "trade", + "business deal" + ], + "it": [ + "affare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular instance of buying or selling" + ], + "it": [ + "attività consistente nel comprare e vendere prodotti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arms deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deal to provide military arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny ante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business deal on a trivial scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downtick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transaction in the stock market at a price below the price of the preceding transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uptick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transaction in the stock market at a price above the price of the preceding transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtaining funds from a lender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "borrowing and leaving an article as security for repayment of the loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rental", + "renting" + ], + "it": [ + "affitto", + "appigionamento", + "vendita con patto di locazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of paying for the use of something (as an apartment or house or car)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seward's Folly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transaction in 1867 in which the United States Secretary of State William Henry Seward purchased Alaska from Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importing", + "importation" + ], + "it": [ + "importazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial activity of buying and bringing in goods from a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exporting", + "exportation" + ], + "it": [ + "esportazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial activity of selling and shipping goods to a foreign country" + ], + "it": [ + "atto dell'esportare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smuggling" + ], + "it": [ + "contrabbando", + "frodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunrunning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smuggling of guns and ammunition into a country secretly and illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marketing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial processes involved in promoting and selling and distributing a product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct marketing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marketing via a promotion delivered directly to the individual prospective customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution" + ], + "it": [ + "circuito", + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selling", + "merchandising", + "marketing" + ], + "it": [ + "compravendita", + "contratto di compravendita", + "smercio", + "vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution channel", + "channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of selling a company's product either directly or via distributors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic" + ], + "it": [ + "traffico", + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buying and selling; especially illicit trade" + ], + "it": [ + "circolazione di denaro, di merci e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug traffic", + "drug trafficking", + "narcotraffic" + ], + "it": [ + "narcotraffico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traffic in illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simony", + "barratry" + ], + "it": [ + "simonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traffic in ecclesiastical offices or preferments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave trade", + "slave traffic" + ], + "it": [ + "tratta degli schiavi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traffic in slaves; especially in Black Africans transported to America in the 16th to 19th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selling of goods to consumers; usually in small quantities and not for resale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wholesale" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita all' ingrosso", + "vendita all'ingrosso", + "commercio all' ingrosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selling of goods to merchants; usually in large quantities for resale to consumers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular instance of selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divestiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sale by a company of a product line or a subsidiary or a division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of persuading someone to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selling (an article or cartoon) for publication in many magazines or newspapers at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domestic market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dutch auction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of selling in which the price is reduced until a buyer is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retailing" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita al dettaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activities involved in selling commodities directly to consumers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telemarketing", + "teleselling", + "telecommerce" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita televisiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of the telephone as an interactive medium for promotion and sales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telemetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "automatic transmission and measurement of data from remote sources by wire or radio or other means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermometry" + ], + "it": [ + "termometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermogravimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of changes in weight as a function of changes in temperature used as a technique of chemically analyzing substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of intraocular pressure by determining the amount of force needed to make a slight indentation in the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receiving orders via telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vending", + "peddling", + "hawking", + "vendition" + ], + "it": [ + "commercio ambulante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of selling goods for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscometry", + "viscosimetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of viscosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resale" + ], + "it": [ + "rivendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the selling of something purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita", + "esito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general activity of selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale", + "cut-rate sale", + "sales event" + ], + "it": [ + "saldo", + "saldo di liquidazione", + "svendita", + "svendita di liquidazione", + "vendita di liquidazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bazaar", + "fair" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita di beneficenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of miscellany; often for charity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book fair", + "bookfair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bazaar at which books are sold or auctioned off in order to raise funds for a worthy cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft fair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fair at which objects made by craftsmen are offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car boot sale", + "boot sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor sale at which people sell things from the trunk of their car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearance sale", + "inventory-clearance sale" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidazione", + "svendita", + "vendita a stralcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale to reduce inventory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale intended to dispose of all remaining stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of merchandise supposedly damaged by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of assets at very low prices typically when the seller faces bankruptcy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garage sale", + "yard sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor sale of used personal or household items held on the seller's premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "going-out-of-business sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of all the tangible assets of a business that is about to close" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale in order to obtain money (as a sale of stock or a sale of the estate of a bankrupt person) or the money so obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rummage sale", + "jumble sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of donated articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selloff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of a relatively large number of assets (stocks or bonds or commodities) at a low price typically done to dispose of them rather than as normal trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white sale" + ], + "it": [ + "fiera del bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of household linens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trade of a funeral director" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholstery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft of upholstering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payment", + "defrayal", + "defrayment" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidazione", + "pagamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of paying money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evasion", + "nonpayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate act of failing to pay money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amortization", + "amortisation" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment of an obligation in a series of installments or transfers" + ], + "it": [ + "rimborso rateale di un capitale ottenuto in prestito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee splitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment (usually by doctors or lawyers) of part of the fee in return for the referral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of paying too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ransom" + ], + "it": [ + "riscatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment for the release of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refund", + "repayment" + ], + "it": [ + "resa", + "rifusione", + "rimborsamento", + "rimborso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of returning money received previously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remuneration" + ], + "it": [ + "retribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of paying for goods or services or to recompense for losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giving in acknowledgment of obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spending", + "disbursement", + "disbursal", + "outlay" + ], + "it": [ + "esborso", + "sborso", + "spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spending or disbursing money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "payment by one nation for protection by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of paying less than required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expending", + "expenditure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spending money for goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficit spending", + "compensatory spending", + "pump priming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spending money raised by borrowing; used by governments to stimulate their economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amortization", + "amortisation" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortamento", + "ammortizzamento", + "ammortizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reduction of the value of an asset by prorating its cost over a period of years" + ], + "it": [ + "periodica riduzione del valore di beni la cui valutazione è destinata a calare nel tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migration" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrazione", + "migrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement of persons from one country or locality to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold rush" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa all'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large migration of people to a newly discovered gold field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggi fuggi", + "fuggifuggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headlong rush of people on a common impulse" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga generale e disordinata di una folla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control exerted (actively or passively) by group action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto limitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social control achieved as a manifestation of self-will or general consent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control over the growth of population; a government program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government", + "governing", + "governance", + "government activity", + "administration" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione", + "gestione", + "governo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of governing; exercising authority" + ], + "it": [ + "l'esercizio dell'autorità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misgovernment", + "misrule" + ], + "it": [ + "mal governo", + "malgoverno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government that is inefficient or dishonest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislation", + "legislating", + "lawmaking" + ], + "it": [ + "legislazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making or enacting laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminalization", + "criminalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legislation that makes something illegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decriminalization", + "decriminalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legislation that makes something legal that was formerly illegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust busting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) government activities seeking to dissolve corporate trusts and monopolies (especially under the United States antitrust laws)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winemaking", + "wine making" + ], + "it": [ + "vinificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craft and science of growing grapes and making wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viticulture", + "viniculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultivation of grapes and grape vines; grape growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enactment", + "passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passing of a law by a legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enforcement" + ], + "it": [ + "esecuzione", + "applicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enforcing; ensuring observance of or obedience to" + ], + "it": [ + "attuazione anche forzata a una decisione dell'autorità amministrativa o giudiziaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coercion" + ], + "it": [ + "coercizione", + "costrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of compelling by force of authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution", + "implementation", + "carrying out" + ], + "it": [ + "adempimento", + "attuazione", + "effettuazione", + "espletamento", + "espletazione", + "realizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of accomplishing some aim or executing some order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imposition", + "infliction" + ], + "it": [ + "imposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of imposing something (as a tax or an embargo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protection", + "trade protection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imposition of duties or quotas on imports in order to protect domestic industry against foreign competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law enforcement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ensuring obedience to the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigilantism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actions of a vigilance committee in trying to enforce the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domination" + ], + "it": [ + "dominazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social control by dominating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bossism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domination of a political organization by a party boss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastery", + "subordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mastering or subordinating someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopolization", + "monopolisation" + ], + "it": [ + "monopolizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domination (of a market or commodity) to the exclusion of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialization", + "socialisation", + "acculturation", + "enculturation" + ], + "it": [ + "acculturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivation" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeding", + "bringing up", + "fostering", + "fosterage", + "nurture", + "raising", + "rearing", + "upbringing" + ], + "it": [ + "allevamento", + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "helping someone grow up to be an accepted member of the community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duty", + "responsibility", + "obligation" + ], + "it": [ + "dovere", + "obbligo", + "responsabilità", + "impegno", + "debito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force" + ], + "it": [ + "vincolo, magari non dichiarato ma evidente, a fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral obligation" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligo morale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obligation arising out of considerations of right and wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noblesse oblige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the obligation of those of high rank to be honorable and generous (often used ironically)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burden of proof" + ], + "it": [ + "onere della prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the duty of proving a disputed charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civic duty", + "civic responsibility" + ], + "it": [ + "dovere civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsibilities of a citizen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civic duty to serve on a jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filial duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duty of a child to its parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some duty that is essential and urgent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incumbency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duty that is incumbent upon you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acts which the law requires be done or forborne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiduciary duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal duty of a fiduciary to act in the best interests of the beneficiary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "due care", + "ordinary care", + "reasonable care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the care that a reasonable man would exercise under the circumstances; the standard for determining legal duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supervised care for delinquent or neglected children usually in an institution or substitute home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more attention and consideration than is normally bestowed by prudent persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "providence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the guardianship and control exercised by a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slight care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "such care as a careless or inattentive person would exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all that is normally required in some area of responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white man's burden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supposed responsibility of the white race to provide care for their non-white subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obedience", + "respect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior intended to please your parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation", + "military control" + ], + "it": [ + "occupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management", + "direction" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione", + "conduzione", + "direzione", + "dirigenza", + "gerenza", + "gestione", + "management" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of managing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conducting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction of an orchestra or choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "database management" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creation and maintenance of a database" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance" + ], + "it": [ + "finanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the management of money and credit and banking and investments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homemaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the management of a household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misconduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismanagement", + "misdirection" + ], + "it": [ + "mal governo", + "malgoverno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "management that is careless or inefficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complete mismanagement or mishandling of a situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treatment", + "handling" + ], + "it": [ + "condotta", + "gestione", + "modo di trattare", + "trattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the management of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioremediation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of treating waste or pollutants by the use of microorganisms (as bacteria) that can break down the undesirable substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "method or manner of conduct in relation to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervision", + "supervising", + "superintendence", + "oversight" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo", + "soprintendenza", + "sorveglianza", + "sovrintendenza", + "supervisione", + "vigilanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invigilation" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keeping watch over examination candidates to prevent cheating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administration", + "disposal" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conducting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way of administering a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line management" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administration of the activities contributing directly to an organization's output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization", + "organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running" + ], + "it": [ + "esercizio", + "gestione", + "governo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of administering or being in charge of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tiresome but essential details that must be taken care of and tasks that must be performed in running an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrewd or crafty management of public affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonprofit organization", + "nonprofit", + "not-for-profit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization chartered for other than profit-making activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalization", + "rationalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of a business according to scientific principles of management in order to increase efficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorganization", + "reorganisation", + "shake-up", + "shakeup" + ], + "it": [ + "riassetto", + "ricostituzione", + "rifondazione", + "riordinamento", + "riordino", + "riorganizzazione", + "risistemazione", + "ristrutturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imposition of a new organization; organizing differently (often involving extensive and drastic changes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-organization", + "self-organisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organizing yourself (especially organizing your own labor union)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organizing into or administering as a syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authorization", + "authorisation", + "empowerment" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of final authorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license", + "permission", + "permit" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzazione", + "nulla osta", + "nullaosta", + "permesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit of clergy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sanction by a religious rite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name" + ], + "it": [ + "firma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "by the sanction or authority of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihil obstat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authoritative approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certification", + "enfranchisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of certifying or bestowing a franchise on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disenfranchisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withdrawing certification or terminating a franchise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accreditation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of granting credit or recognition (especially with respect to educational institution that maintains suitable standards)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission", + "commissioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission that is given to a government and its policies through an electoral victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delegating", + "delegation", + "relegating", + "relegation", + "deputation" + ], + "it": [ + "delegazione", + "rappresentanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorizing subordinates to make certain decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devolution", + "devolvement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the delegation of authority (especially from a central to a regional government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loan approval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal authorization to get a loan (usually from a bank)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "routine authorization of an action without questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to proceed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conge", + "congee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal permission to depart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of allowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispensation" + ], + "it": [ + "dispensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exemption from some rule or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official dispensation to act contrary to a rule or regulation (typically a building regulation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toleration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official recognition of the right of individuals to hold dissenting opinions (especially in religion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channelization", + "channelisation", + "canalization", + "canalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "canalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "management through specified channels of communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canalization", + "canalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "canalizzazione", + "incanalamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of a canal or a conversion to canals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preparation", + "readying" + ], + "it": [ + "allestimento", + "apparecchiatura", + "apprestamento", + "approntamento", + "montaggio", + "preparazione", + "preparativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deployment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of forces in preparation for battle or work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeployment", + "redisposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal and redistribution of forces in an attempt to use them more effectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeready" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final preparation and adjustments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something ready" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planning" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificazione", + "programmazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheduling", + "programming", + "programing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "setting an order and time for planned events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnaround", + "turnround" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or process of unloading and loading and servicing a vessel or aircraft for a return trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm-up", + "tune-up", + "prolusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercising in preparation for strenuous activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guidance", + "steering" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of guiding or showing the way" + ], + "it": [ + "l'azione e specialmente la funzione di guidare gli altri o un'attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coup d'etat", + "coup", + "putsch", + "takeover" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di colpo", + "golpe", + "putsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and decisive change of government illegally or by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercoup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and decisive overthrow of a government that gained power by a coup d'etat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restraint" + ], + "it": [ + "restrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of controlling by restraining someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar", + "leash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figurative restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depressing restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle", + "check", + "curb" + ], + "it": [ + "freno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilization", + "immobilisation", + "immobilizing" + ], + "it": [ + "immobilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of limiting movement or making incapable of movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confinement" + ], + "it": [ + "detenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of restraining of a person's liberty by confining them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprisonment", + "internment" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto", + "carcerazione", + "carcere", + "detenzione", + "imprigionamento", + "incarceramento", + "reclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of confining someone in a prison (or as if in a prison)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of confining prisoners to their cells (usually to regain control during a riot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house arrest" + ], + "it": [ + "arresti domiciliari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confinement to your own home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false imprisonment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) confinement without legal authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custody" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto", + "detenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holding by the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "containment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of containing; keeping something from spreading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring containment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategy of defense in cases of bioterrorism; vaccination only of people exposed and others who are in contact with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppression", + "curtailment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withholding or withdrawing some book or writing from publication or circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crackdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severely repressive actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regimentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imposition of order or discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reimposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imposition again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restraint of trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any act that tends to prevent free competition in business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restriction", + "confinement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of keeping something within specified bounds (by force if necessary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restriction imposed by the government on documents or weapons that are available only to certain authorized people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declassification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduction or removal by the government of restrictions on a classified document or weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulation", + "specification" + ], + "it": [ + "clausola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restriction that is insisted upon as a condition for an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of circumscribing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of constraining; the threat or use of force to control the thoughts or behavior of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swaddling clothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrictions placed on the immature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constriction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action or process of compressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasoconstriction" + ], + "it": [ + "vasocostrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease in the diameter of blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privation", + "deprivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of depriving someone of food or money or rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pauperization", + "pauperisation", + "impoverishment" + ], + "it": [ + "depauperamento", + "immiserimento", + "impoverimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making someone poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starvation", + "starving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of depriving of food or subjecting to famine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeasement", + "calming" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonacciamento", + "acquietamento", + "rasserenamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demands of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacification", + "mollification" + ], + "it": [ + "pacificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of appeasing someone or causing someone to be more favorably inclined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placation", + "conciliation", + "propitiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of placating and overcoming distrust and animosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalization", + "internationalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bringing something under international control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalization", + "nationalisation", + "communization", + "communisation" + ], + "it": [ + "nazionalizzazione", + "statalizzazione", + "statizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing something from private to state ownership or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denationalization", + "denationalisation", + "privatization", + "privatisation" + ], + "it": [ + "denazionalizzazione", + "dismissione", + "privatizzazione", + "snazionalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing something from state to private ownership or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalization", + "nationalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of rendering national in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalization", + "nationalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of forming or becoming a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detribalization", + "detribalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of causing tribal people to abandon their customs and adopt urban ways of living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collectivization", + "collectivisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of a nation or economy on the basis of collectivism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communization", + "communisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of a nation of the basis of communism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communization", + "communisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from private property to public property owned by the community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of constituting a political unity out of a number of separate states or colonies or provinces so that each member retains the management of its internal affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discrimination", + "favoritism", + "favouritism" + ], + "it": [ + "discriminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomenklatura" + ], + "it": [ + "nomenklatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of patronage in communist countries; controlled by committees in the Communist Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ableism", + "ablism", + "able-bodiedism", + "able-bodism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discrimination in favor of the able-bodied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ageism", + "agism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discrimination against middle-aged and elderly people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cronyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "favoritism shown to friends and associates (as by appointing them to positions without regard for their qualifications)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fattism", + "fatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discrimination against people who are overweight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterosexism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discrimination in favor of heterosexual and against homosexual people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nepotism" + ], + "it": [ + "nepotismo", + "nipotismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "favoritism shown to relatives or close friends by those in power (as by giving them jobs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racism", + "racialism", + "racial discrimination" + ], + "it": [ + "razzismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racial profiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of racism consisting of the (alleged) policy of policemen who stop and search vehicles driven by persons belonging to particular racial groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secularization", + "secularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of changing something (art or education or society or morality etc.) so it is no longer under the control or influence of religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing the institution that invests your pension plan without incurring a tax penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexism" + ], + "it": [ + "sessismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male chauvinism", + "chauvinism", + "antifeminism" + ], + "it": [ + "antifemminismo", + "fallocrazia", + "machismo", + "maschilismo", + "maschismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity indicative of belief in the superiority of men over women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual discrimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discrimination (usually in employment) that excludes one sex (usually women) to the benefit of the other sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobilization", + "mobilisation", + "militarization", + "militarisation" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of assembling and putting into readiness for war or other emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arming", + "armament", + "equipping" + ], + "it": [ + "armamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of equiping with weapons in preparation for war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of renovating and fitting out a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refit" + ], + "it": [ + "raddobbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outfitting a ship again (by repairing or replacing parts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearmament" + ], + "it": [ + "riarmamento", + "riarmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arming again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarming", + "disarmament" + ], + "it": [ + "disarmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of reducing or depriving of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscription", + "muster", + "draft", + "selective service" + ], + "it": [ + "arrolamento", + "arruolamento", + "coscrizione", + "leva", + "naia", + "servizio di leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compulsory military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levy", + "levy en masse" + ], + "it": [ + "leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of drafting into military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demobilization", + "demobilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "smilitarizzazione", + "smobilitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of changing from a war basis to a peace basis including disbanding or discharging troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remilitarization", + "remilitarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of militarizing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standardization", + "standardisation", + "normalization", + "normalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "unificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imposition of standards or regulations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilization", + "stabilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stabilizing something or making it more stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destabilization", + "destabilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of destabilizing; making something less stable (especially of a government or country or economy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylization", + "stylisation" + ], + "it": [ + "stilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stylizing; causing to conform to a particular style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventionalization", + "conventionalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conventionalizing; conforming to a conventional style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imposition of taxes; the practice of the government in levying taxes on the subjects of a state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punishment", + "penalty", + "penalization", + "penalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "castigo", + "punizione", + "pena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of punishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beating", + "thrashing", + "licking", + "drubbing", + "lacing", + "trouncing", + "whacking" + ], + "it": [ + "bastonatura", + "batosta", + "battuta", + "legnata", + "pestata", + "picchiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inflicting corporal punishment with repeated blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castigation", + "chastisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verbal punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporal punishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the infliction of physical injury on someone convicted of committing a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruel and unusual punishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment prohibited by the 8th amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or degradation or punishment too severe for the crime committed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punishment in which a student must stay at school after others have gone home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline", + "correction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of punishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic strangulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment of a group by cutting off commercial dealings with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-flagellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-punishment inflicted by whipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprisonment" + ], + "it": [ + "carceramento", + "carcerazione", + "carcere", + "detenzione", + "imprigionamento", + "incarcerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music", + "medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment for one's actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-punishment" + ], + "it": [ + "autolesionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment inflicted on yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spanking" + ], + "it": [ + "sculacciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of slapping on the buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "threat of a penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipping", + "tanning", + "flogging", + "lashing", + "flagellation" + ], + "it": [ + "curbasciata", + "flagellamento", + "flagellazione", + "frustata", + "fustigazione", + "nerbata", + "scudisciata", + "sferzata", + "staffilamento", + "staffilata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beating as a source of erotic or religious stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsewhipping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of whipping with a horsewhip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of electricity to administer punishment or torture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution", + "executing", + "capital punishment", + "death penalty" + ], + "it": [ + "esecuzione capitale", + "pena capitale", + "pena di morte", + "esecuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting a condemned person to death" + ], + "it": [ + "uccisione del condannato a morte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauntlet", + "gantlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of punishment in which a person is forced to run between two lines of men facing each other and armed with clubs or whips to beat the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick in the butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment inflicted by kicking the victim in the behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoning", + "lapidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pelting with stones; punishment inflicted by throwing stones at the victim (even unto death)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burning", + "burning at the stake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execution by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto-da-fe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the burning to death of heretics (as during the Spanish Inquisition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanging" + ], + "it": [ + "impiccagione", + "impiccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of capital punishment; victim is suspended by the neck from a gallows or gibbet until dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocution", + "burning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execution by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decapitation", + "beheading" + ], + "it": [ + "decapitazione", + "decollazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execution by cutting off the victim's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifixion" + ], + "it": [ + "crocefissione", + "crocifissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of executing by a method widespread in the ancient world; the victim's hands and feet are bound or nailed to a cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penance", + "self-mortification", + "self-abasement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commitment", + "committal", + "consignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutation", + "re-sentencing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the reduction in severity of a punishment imposed by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrections" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social control of offenders through a system of imprisonment and rehabilitation and probation and parole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange", + "interchange" + ], + "it": [ + "baratto", + "scambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of changing one thing for another thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally", + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "palleggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) an unbroken sequence of several successive strokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tradeoff", + "trade-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange that occurs as a compromise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission", + "compliance" + ], + "it": [ + "assoggettamento", + "remissione", + "sottomissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obedience", + "obeisance" + ], + "it": [ + "ubbidienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of obeying; dutiful or submissive behavior with respect to another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truckling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of obeying meanly (especially obeying in a humble manner or for unworthy reasons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abject submission; the emotional equivalent of prostrating your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitter conflict; heated often violent dissension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug-of-war" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio di ferro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hard struggle between equally matched groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turf war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter struggle for territory or power or control or rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercurrent", + "crosscurrent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actions counter to the main group activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protest action by labor or minority groups to obtain their demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "competition", + "contention", + "rivalry" + ], + "it": [ + "antagonismo", + "competizione", + "concorrenza", + "gara", + "gareggiamento", + "rivalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of competing as for profit or a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle of wits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest in which intelligence rather than violence is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contest" + ], + "it": [ + "certame", + "competizione", + "confronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a struggle between rivals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bidding contest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of competing bids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularity contest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "competition (real or figurative) for popular support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group action in opposition to those in power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonresistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group refusal to resort to violence even in defense against violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confrontation", + "opposition" + ], + "it": [ + "confronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of hostile groups opposing each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistance by potential customers to aggressive selling practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discord", + "discordance" + ], + "it": [ + "discordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strife resulting from a lack of agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defiance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defiant act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road rage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violence exhibited by drivers in traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riot", + "public violence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public act of violence by an unruly mob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race riot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a riot caused by hatred for one another of members of different races in the same community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispute", + "contravention" + ], + "it": [ + "bega", + "contesa", + "contestazione", + "contrasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coming into conflict with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight", + "fighting", + "combat", + "scrap" + ], + "it": [ + "battaglia", + "certame", + "combattimento", + "lotta", + "rissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of fighting; any contest or struggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fencing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "combattimento con la spada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or sport of fighting with swords (especially the use of foils or epees or sabres to score points under a set of rules)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-fighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conflict between members of the same organization (usually concealed from outsiders)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set-to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief but vigorous fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock", + "impact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hassle", + "scuffle", + "tussle", + "dogfight", + "rough-and-tumble" + ], + "it": [ + "colluttazione", + "mischia", + "strascichio", + "tafferuglio", + "zuffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disorderly fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(informal British usage) aggravation or aggression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duel", + "affaire d'honneur" + ], + "it": [ + "duello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterblow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return blow; a retaliatory blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweeping blow or stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fistfight", + "fisticuffs", + "slugfest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fight with bare fists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stab", + "thrust", + "knife thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "coltellata", + "pugnalata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunge", + "straight thrust", + "passado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(fencing) an attacking thrust made with one foot forward and the back leg straight and with the sword arm outstretched forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(fencing) blocking a lunge or deflecting it with a circular motion of the sword" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(fencing) a second thrust made on the same lunge (as when your opponent fails to riposte)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riposte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(fencing) a counterattack made immediately after successfully parrying the opponents lunge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp stinging blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thump" + ], + "it": [ + "nespola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy blow with the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uppercut" + ], + "it": [ + "montante", + "uppercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swinging blow directed upward (especially at an opponent's chin)" + ], + "it": [ + "pugno dal basso verso l'alto, per lo più rivolto verso il mento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer", + "pound", + "hammering", + "pounding" + ], + "it": [ + "martellamento", + "tambureggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pounding (delivering repeated heavy blows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blow hard enough to cause injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheap shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal and unsportsmanlike act of unnecessary violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallop" + ], + "it": [ + "bussa", + "percossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battering", + "banging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of subjecting to strong attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beating", + "whipping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of overcoming or outdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affray", + "disturbance", + "fray", + "ruffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brawl", + "free-for-all" + ], + "it": [ + "baruffa", + "mischia", + "pestaggio", + "rissa", + "zuffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy fight in a crowd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife fight", + "snickersnee", + "cut-and-thrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fighting with knives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumble", + "gang fight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fight between rival gangs of adolescents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single combat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fight between two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstructionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest", + "objection", + "dissent" + ], + "it": [ + "protesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebellion" + ], + "it": [ + "reazione", + "ribellione", + "rivolta", + "sollevazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refusal to accept some authority or code or convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch-up" + ], + "it": [ + "cazzottata", + "pestaggio", + "scazzottata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fistfight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstration", + "manifestation" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione", + "manifestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public display of group feelings (usually of a political nature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterdemonstration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demonstration held in opposition to another demonstration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of walking out (of a meeting or organization) as a sign of protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston Tea Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor; organized as a protest against taxes on tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protest march against (a particular) war and in favor of peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occasion when workers continue to work as a protest against e.g. proposed dismissal or closure of the factory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest march" + ], + "it": [ + "marcia di protesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occasion when you can express opposition by marching (usually on some government institution) without a license" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insubordination", + "rebelliousness" + ], + "it": [ + "insubordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insubordinate act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contumacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstinate rebelliousness and insubordination; resistance to authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disobedience", + "noncompliance" + ], + "it": [ + "disobbedienza", + "disubbidienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure to obey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil disobedience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt" + ], + "it": [ + "vilipendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a willful disobedience to or disrespect for the authority of a court or legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt of Congress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate obstruction of the operation of the federal legislative branch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt of court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disrespect for the rules of a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil contempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to follow a court order that benefits someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contumacy" + ], + "it": [ + "contumacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willful refusal to appear before a court or comply with a court order; can result in a finding of contempt of court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal contempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of disrespect that impedes the administration of justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruction of justice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impeding those who seek justice in a court (as by trying to influence or intimidate any juror or witness or officer of the court); can result in a finding of contempt of court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "due process", + "due process of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the administration of justice according to established rules and principles; based on the principle that a person cannot be deprived of life or liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal action", + "action", + "action at law" + ], + "it": [ + "causa", + "lite", + "querela", + "azione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong" + ], + "it": [ + "procedimento legale di una parte contro una seconda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act by a government body or supranational organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawsuit", + "suit", + "case", + "cause", + "causa" + ], + "it": [ + "causa", + "contenzioso", + "controversia", + "giudizio", + "lite", + "vertenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy" + ], + "it": [ + "il complesso delle controversie pendenti in un processo, sulle quali il giudice è tenuto a pronunciare la sentenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawsuit alleging violations of civil law by the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class action", + "class-action suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawsuit brought by a representative member of a large group of people on behalf of all members of the group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countersuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit brought against someone who has sued you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawsuit alleging violations of criminal law by the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical case that law students argue as an exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paternity suit", + "bastardy proceeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawsuit filed to determine the father of a child born out of wedlock (and to provide for the support of the child once paternity is determined)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitrust case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal action brought against parties who are charged with limiting free competition in the market place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legal action to protect a private civil right or to compel a civil remedy (as distinguished from criminal prosecution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a claim filed in opposition to another claim in a legal action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custody case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal action to determine custody (usually of children following a divorce)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lis pendens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pending lawsuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proceeding", + "legal proceeding", + "proceedings" + ], + "it": [ + "azione giudiziaria", + "iter parlamentare", + "procedimento", + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to a natural child of the adoptive parents (including the right to inherit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal" + ], + "it": [ + "appello", + "ricorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was incorrect and should be set aside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was correct and should stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankruptcy" + ], + "it": [ + "bancarotta", + "fallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receivership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court action that places property under the control of a receiver during litigation so that it can be preserved for the benefit of all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litigation", + "judicial proceeding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal proceeding in a court; a judicial contest to determine and enforce legal rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custody battle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "litigation to settle custody of the children of a divorced couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vexatious litigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "litigation shown to have been instituted maliciously and without probable cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentment", + "notification" + ], + "it": [ + "contestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation of crime made by a grand jury on its own initiative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalization", + "naturalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "naturalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment", + "judgement", + "judicial decision" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "giudizio", + "sentenza", + "verdetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the determination by a court of competent jurisdiction on matters submitted to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession of judgment", + "confession of judgement", + "cognovit judgment", + "cognovit judgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment entered after a written confession by the debtor without the expense of ordinary legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "default judgment", + "default judgement", + "judgment by default", + "judgement by default" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment entered in favor of the plaintiff when the defendant defaults (fails to appear in court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non prosequitur", + "non pros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment entered in favor of the defendant when the plaintiff has not continued his action (e.g., has not appeared in court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final judgment", + "final decision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment disposing of the case before the court; after the judgment (or an appeal from it) is rendered all that remains is to enforce the judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conviction", + "judgment of conviction", + "condemnation", + "sentence" + ], + "it": [ + "condanna", + "sentenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed" + ], + "it": [ + "giudizio finale di colpevolezza in un caso criminale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment in personam", + "judgement in personam", + "personal judgment", + "personal judgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment rendered against an individual (or corporation) for the payment of money damages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment in rem", + "judgement in rem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment pronounced on the status of some particular subject or property or thing (as opposed to one pronounced on persons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment of dismissal", + "judgement of dismissal", + "dismissal" + ], + "it": [ + "archiviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment on the merits", + "judgement on the merits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judgment rendered through analysis and adjudication of the factual issues presented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summary judgment", + "summary judgement", + "judgment on the pleadings", + "judgement on the pleadings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment rendered by the court prior to a verdict because no material issue of fact exists and one party or the other is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitration", + "arbitrament", + "arbitrement" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitraggio", + "arbitrato", + "lodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deciding as an arbiter; giving authoritative judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opinion", + "ruling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bakke decision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruling by the Supreme Court on affirmative action; the Court ruled in 1978 that medical schools are entitled to consider race as a factor in their admission policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatwa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruling on a point of Islamic law that is given by a recognized authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umpirage", + "officiation", + "officiating", + "refereeing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of umpiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decision of a court on issues of fact or law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verdict", + "finding of fact" + ], + "it": [ + "giudizio", + "responso", + "verdetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finding of law", + "conclusion of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finding as to the applicability of a rule of law to particular facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verdict resulting from improper compromises between jurors on material issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directed verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verdict entered by the court in a jury trial without consideration by the jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifestly unjust verdict; not true to the evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordinary verdict declaring which party prevails without any special findings of fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) a finding that the defendant is guilty of some charges but innocent of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotient verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improper and unacceptable kind of compromise verdict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special verdict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verdict rendered on certain specific factual issues posed by the court without finding for one party or the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquittal" + ], + "it": [ + "assoluzione", + "proscioglimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment of not guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder conviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conviction for murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape conviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conviction for rape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robbery conviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conviction for robbery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eviction", + "dispossession", + "legal ouster" + ], + "it": [ + "escomio", + "sfratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expulsion of someone (such as a tenant) from the possession of land by process of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ouster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrongful dispossession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actual eviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical ouster of a tenant from the leased premises; the tenant is relieved of any further duty to pay rent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eviction", + "constructive eviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action by a landlord that compels a tenant to leave the premises (as by rendering the premises unfit for occupancy); no physical expulsion or legal process is involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retaliatory eviction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eviction in reprisal for the tenant's good-faith complaints against the landlord; illegal in many states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legalization", + "legalisation", + "legitimation" + ], + "it": [ + "autenticazione", + "legalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making lawful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legitimation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rendering a person legitimate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial" + ], + "it": [ + "processo", + "giudizio", + "sentenza", + "verdetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the determination of a person's innocence or guilt by due process of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court-martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial that is conducted by a military court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordeal", + "trial by ordeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scopes trial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show trial" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance" + ], + "it": [ + "processo a scopo dimostrativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proceeding brought to obtain an explanation or an alteration or a reversal of a decree by the court that rendered it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judicial review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an answer indicating why a suit should be dismissed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double jeopardy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prosecution of a defendant for a criminal offense for which he has already been tried; prohibited in the fifth amendment to the United States Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecution", + "criminal prosecution" + ], + "it": [ + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test case", + "test suit" + ], + "it": [ + "precedente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative legal action whose outcome is likely to become a precedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "denial", + "demurrer" + ], + "it": [ + "difesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defendant's answer or plea denying the truth of the charges against him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrapment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense that claims the defendant would not have broken the law if not tricked into doing it by law enforcement officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistrial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial that is invalid or inconclusive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing" + ], + "it": [ + "udienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrative hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearing that takes place outside the judicial process before hearing examiners who have been granted judicial authority specifically for the purpose of conducting such hearings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "competence hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearing to determine legal capacity (to determine whether the defendant can understand the charges and cooperate with a lawyer in preparing a defense)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearing that is granted in extraordinary situations where the normal judicial process would be inadequate to secure due process because the person would be harmed or denied their rights before a judicial remedy became available (as in deportation or loss of welfare benefits)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quo warranto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearing to determine by what authority someone has an office or franchise or liberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social act of separating or parting company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divorce", + "divorcement" + ], + "it": [ + "divorzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal dissolution of a marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal separation", + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the cessation of cohabitation of man and wife (either by mutual agreement or under a court order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "isolation to prevent the spread of infectious disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "ritiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of secluding yourself from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocooning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retreating to the seclusion of your home (as for privacy or escape)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolation", + "closing off" + ], + "it": [ + "isolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregation", + "sequestration" + ], + "it": [ + "quarantena", + "segregamento", + "segregazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of segregating or sequestering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integration", + "integrating", + "desegregation" + ], + "it": [ + "integrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separationism", + "separatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advocacy of a policy of strict separation of church and state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ceasing to participate in an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooperation" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborazione", + "cooperazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint operation or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainstorming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group problem-solving technique in which members spontaneously share ideas and solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teamwork" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro d'équipe", + "lavoro di squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooperative work done by a team (especially when it is effective)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformity", + "conformation", + "compliance", + "abidance" + ], + "it": [ + "borghesismo", + "conformismo", + "convenzionalismo", + "filisteismo", + "ottemperanza", + "perbenismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting according to certain accepted standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compliance with formal rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting in conformity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honoring", + "observance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity with law or custom or practice etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strict observance of formalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonobservance" + ], + "it": [ + "desuetudine", + "inosservanza", + "inottemperanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of conformity with law or custom or practice etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformity", + "nonconformance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to conform to accepted standards of behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity or harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaboration", + "coaction" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of working jointly" + ], + "it": [ + "l'atto del lavorare insieme: \"loro lavorano anche in collaborazione\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaboration", + "collaborationism", + "quislingism" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborazionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of cooperating traitorously with an enemy that is occupying your country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise", + "via media" + ], + "it": [ + "compromesso", + "via di mezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a middle way between two extremes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrence", + "concurrency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting together, as agents or circumstances or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconciliation", + "rapprochement" + ], + "it": [ + "raccozzamento", + "rappacificamento", + "rappacificazione", + "ravvicinamento", + "riavvicinamento", + "riconciliazione", + "riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reestablishing of cordial relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selflessness", + "self-sacrifice" + ], + "it": [ + "immolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting with less concern for yourself than for the success of the joint activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commitment", + "allegiance", + "loyalty", + "dedication" + ], + "it": [ + "dedizione", + "devozione", + "divozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commitment to some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devotion to the doctrine or a cult or to the practices of a cult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a devotion to hobbies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlistment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of enlisting (as in a military service)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reenlistment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a renewed enlistment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetish", + "fetich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive or irrational devotion to some activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devotion to a political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aid", + "assist", + "assistance", + "help" + ], + "it": [ + "aiuto", + "assistenza", + "ausilio", + "man forte", + "manforte", + "sussidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitation" + ], + "it": [ + "facilitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of assisting or making easier the progress or improvement of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand", + "helping hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recourse", + "resort", + "refuge" + ], + "it": [ + "ricorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of turning to for assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thanks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "with the help of or owing to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social work" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various services designed to aid the poor and aged and to increase the welfare of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close sociological study of a maladjusted person or family for diagnosis and treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief", + "succor", + "succour", + "ministration" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assistance in time of difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving temporary assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of help or assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disservice", + "ill service", + "ill turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act intended to help that turns out badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childcare", + "child care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service involving care for other people's children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpaid service for the benefit of the public that is performed by lawbreakers as part (or all) of their sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community service", + "public service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service that is performed for the benefit of the public or its institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daycare", + "day care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "childcare during the day while parents work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help desk", + "helpdesk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service that provides information and assistance to the users of a computer network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the service of ushering people to their seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing something (lodging or seat or food) to meet a need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost", + "encouragement" + ], + "it": [ + "incoraggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving hope or support to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso", + "spinta propulsiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a push" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morale building", + "morale booster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that serves to increase morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolation", + "comfort", + "solace" + ], + "it": [ + "conforto", + "consolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplification" + ], + "it": [ + "semplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elimination of superfluous details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversimplification", + "simplism" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "eccessiva semplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of excessive simplification; the act of making something seem simpler than it really is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalization", + "rationalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the simplification of an expression or equation by eliminating radicals without changing the value of the expression or the roots of the equation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "adesione", + "sostegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aiding the cause or policy or interests of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment", + "adherence", + "adhesion" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "faithful support for a cause or political party or religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiasticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive adherence to ecclesiastical forms and activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kabbalism", + "cabalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherence to some extreme traditional theological concept or interpretation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherence or attachment to a monarchy or to the principle of monarchal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traditionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherence to tradition (especially in cultural or religious matters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backing", + "backup", + "championship", + "patronage" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio", + "fiancheggiamento", + "patrocinio", + "patronato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing approval and support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advocacy", + "protagonism" + ], + "it": [ + "propugnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active support of an idea or cause etc.; especially the act of pleading or arguing for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehement and vociferous advocacy of a cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insistence", + "insistency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of insisting on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of earnestly supporting or encouraging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auspices", + "protection", + "aegis" + ], + "it": [ + "auspicio", + "egida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kindly endorsement and guidance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponsorship" + ], + "it": [ + "patrocinio", + "sponsorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sponsoring (either officially or financially)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorsement", + "indorsement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of endorsing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessing", + "approval", + "approving" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione", + "benedizione", + "crisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of approving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassurance" + ], + "it": [ + "rassicurazione", + "rincoramento", + "rincuoramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reassuring; restoring someone's confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenimento", + "sostegno", + "supporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustenance", + "sustentation", + "sustainment", + "maintenance", + "upkeep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sustaining life by food or providing a means of subsistence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logistic support", + "logistic assistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assistance between and within military commands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrated logistic support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pooling of specific resources by subscribing nations for the support of some joint operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual aid", + "international logistic support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangements made between nations to assist each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdepartmental support", + "interagency support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provision of logistic (or administrative) support by one or more of the military services to one or more departments or agencies of the United States government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inter-service support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action by one military service to provide logistic (or administrative) support to another military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportional representation" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentanza proporzionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment", + "engagement" + ], + "it": [ + "assunzione", + "ingaggio", + "reclutamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving someone a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of hiring longshoremen by the day; applicants gather around a union boss who selects those to be hired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call-back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recall of an employee after a layoff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booking", + "reservation" + ], + "it": [ + "prenotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reserving (a place or passage) or engaging the services of (a person or group)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiration", + "appreciation" + ], + "it": [ + "apprezzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorable judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoration", + "idolization", + "idolisation" + ], + "it": [ + "adorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of admiring strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glorification" + ], + "it": [ + "glorificazione", + "magnificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of glorifying (as in worship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealization", + "idealisation", + "glorification" + ], + "it": [ + "idealizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portrayal of something as ideal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalization", + "sentimentalisation", + "romanticization", + "romanticisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of indulging in sentiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reward", + "reinforcement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act performed to strengthen approved behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise of reward as in \"carrot and stick\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disparagement", + "dispraise" + ], + "it": [ + "calunniamento", + "denigrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of speaking contemptuously of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belittling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of belittling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprecation", + "denigration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expressing disapproval (especially of yourself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspersion", + "calumny", + "slander", + "defamation", + "denigration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abusive attack on a person's character or good name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of discrediting or detracting from someone's reputation (especially by slander)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behavior", + "behaviour", + "conduct", + "doings" + ], + "it": [ + "comportamento", + "condotta", + "contegno", + "metodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manner of acting or controlling yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behavior", + "behaviour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territoriality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the behavior of a male animal that defines and defends its territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately unfriendly behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggravation", + "irritation", + "provocation" + ], + "it": [ + "aggravante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfriendly behavior that causes anger or resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last straw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final irritation that stretches your patience beyond the limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exacerbation" + ], + "it": [ + "esacerbazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent and bitter exasperation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitchery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggressive remarks and behavior like that of a spiteful malicious woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullying", + "intimidation" + ], + "it": [ + "intimidazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intimidating a weaker person to make them do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorization", + "terrorisation", + "frightening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of inspiring with fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twit", + "taunt", + "taunting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggravation by deriding or mocking or criticizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raising hell", + "hell raising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making trouble just for the fun of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-assertion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of asserting yourself in an aggressive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemnation" + ], + "it": [ + "condanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of condemning (as land forfeited for public use) or judging to be unfit for use (as a food product or an unsafe building)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatization", + "stigmatisation", + "branding" + ], + "it": [ + "stigmatizzazione", + "stimmatizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of stigmatizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bohemianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct characteristic of a bohemian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct that is unfair or unethical or unsportsmanlike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty tricks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underhand commercial or political behavior designed to discredit an opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discourtesy", + "offense", + "offence", + "offensive activity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of politeness; a failure to show regard for others; wounding the feelings or others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being easy in behavior or style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derision", + "ridicule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of deriding or treating with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mocking or ridiculing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indelicacy" + ], + "it": [ + "indelicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impolite act or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insolence" + ], + "it": [ + "insolenza", + "sfacciataggine", + "sfacciatezza", + "sfrontataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive disrespectful impudent act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insult", + "affront" + ], + "it": [ + "affronto", + "ingiuria", + "insulto", + "offesa", + "oltraggio", + "onta", + "sfregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indignity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandalization", + "scandalisation", + "outrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of scandalizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuff", + "slight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snub", + "cut", + "cold shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refusal to recognize someone you know" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silent treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aloof refusal to speak to someone you know" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the way of the world", + "the ways of the world" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which people typically behave or things typically happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benevolence", + "benefaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act intending or showing kindness and good will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupboard love" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "amore interessato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show of affection motivated by selfishness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficio", + "cortesia", + "favore", + "gentilezza", + "piacere", + "servigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of gracious kindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "good turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favor for someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgiveness", + "pardon" + ], + "it": [ + "perdono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of excusing a mistake or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pardon by treating the offender as if the offense had not occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alleviation of distress; showing great kindness toward the distressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exculpation" + ], + "it": [ + "difesa", + "discolpa", + "scusante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of freeing from guilt or blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endearment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of showing affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politeness", + "civility" + ], + "it": [ + "atto di civiltà", + "gentilezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of showing regard for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act showing respect (especially a bow or curtsy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtesy" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "cortesia", + "gentilezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous or respectful or considerate act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesture" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno", + "garbo", + "gesto", + "mossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something done as an indication of intention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beau geste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gracious (but usually meaningless) gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous act indicating affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallantry" + ], + "it": [ + "galanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polite attentiveness to women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deference", + "respect" + ], + "it": [ + "ossequio", + "rispetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "homage" + ], + "it": [ + "omaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respectful deference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last respects" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expressing respect for someone who has died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "props" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proper respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal expression of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consideration", + "thoughtfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "considerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a considerate and thoughtful act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly", + "assemblage", + "gathering" + ], + "it": [ + "adunanza", + "adunata", + "assemblea", + "radunata", + "riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social act of assembling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobilization", + "mobilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act of marshaling and organizing and making ready for use or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic mobilization", + "economic mobilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mobilization of the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rallying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of mobilizing for a common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convocation", + "calling together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of convoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meeting", + "coming together" + ], + "it": [ + "adunanza", + "assemblea", + "meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social act of assembling for some common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trip made by a repairman to visit the location of something in need of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignation", + "tryst" + ], + "it": [ + "convegno galante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret rendezvous (especially between lovers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendezvous" + ], + "it": [ + "appuntamento", + "rendez-vous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting planned at a certain time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congregation", + "congregating" + ], + "it": [ + "congregazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of congregating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convention", + "convening" + ], + "it": [ + "convocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of convening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bringing together military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "session" + ], + "it": [ + "sessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting devoted to a particular activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course session", + "class period", + "recitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regularly scheduled session as part of a course of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialization", + "socialisation", + "socializing", + "socialising" + ], + "it": [ + "socializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of meeting for social purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of going to see some person in a professional capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of visiting in an official capacity (as for an inspection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visit that last for only a very short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ], + "it": [ + "visita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of going to see some person or place or thing for a short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendance", + "attending" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza", + "frequenza", + "intervento", + "presenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of being present (at a meeting or event etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance", + "appearing", + "coming into court" + ], + "it": [ + "comparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal attendance (in court or at a hearing) of a party in an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of being present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnout" + ], + "it": [ + "affluenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attendance for a particular event or purpose (as to vote in an election)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonattendance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure to attend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonappearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to appear (especially as at court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absence" + ], + "it": [ + "assenza", + "lontananza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to be present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absenteeism" + ], + "it": [ + "assenteismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual absence from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truancy", + "hooky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to attend (especially school)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return", + "paying back", + "getting even" + ], + "it": [ + "restituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reciprocal group action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonverbal reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requital", + "payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of requiting; returning in kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retaliation", + "revenge" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresaglia", + "ritorsione", + "rivalsa", + "vendetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action taken in return for an injury or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vengeance", + "retribution", + "payback" + ], + "it": [ + "vendetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprisal" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making or doing something in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feud" + ], + "it": [ + "faida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter quarrel between two parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war", + "warfare" + ], + "it": [ + "guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active struggle between competing entities" + ], + "it": [ + "contrasto, ostilità che si manifesta su piani diversi da quello militare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conflict between law enforcement and those who deal in illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench warfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a struggle (usually prolonged) between competing entities in which neither side is able to win" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vendetta", + "blood feud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feud in which members of the opposing parties murder each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tit for tat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equivalent given in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggression" + ], + "it": [ + "aggressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of initiating hostilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democratization", + "democratisation" + ], + "it": [ + "democratizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of making something democratic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidation", + "integration" + ], + "it": [ + "accorpamento", + "integrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of combining into an integral whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centralization", + "centralisation" + ], + "it": [ + "accentramento", + "centralizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of consolidating power under a central control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decentralization", + "decentralisation" + ], + "it": [ + "decentralizzazione", + "decentramento", + "dicentramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spread of power away from the center to local branches or governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorporation" + ], + "it": [ + "incorporamento", + "incorporazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consolidating two or more things; union in (or into) one body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amalgamation", + "merger", + "uniting" + ], + "it": [ + "fusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combination of two or more commercial companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical integration", + "vertical combination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in all aspects of a product's manufacture from raw materials to distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal integration", + "horizontal combination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engagement", + "participation", + "involvement", + "involution" + ], + "it": [ + "impegno", + "intervento", + "coinvolgimento", + "partecipazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of sharing in the activities of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-engagement", + "nonparticipation", + "non-involvement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdrawing from the activities of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country's withdrawal from international politics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commitment" + ], + "it": [ + "impegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engagement by contract involving financial obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of incurring (making yourself subject to something undesirable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervention", + "intercession" + ], + "it": [ + "intervento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediation", + "intermediation" + ], + "it": [ + "mediazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of intervening for the purpose of bringing about a settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchmaking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mediation in order to bring about a marriage between others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group participation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participation by all members of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutrality" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonparticipation in a dispute or war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annulment", + "invalidation" + ], + "it": [ + "annullamento", + "invalidamento", + "invalidazione", + "risoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a formal termination (of a relationship or a judicial proceeding etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolution of marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annulment of a marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vindication", + "exoneration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specious or deceptive clearing that attempts to gloss over failings and defects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justification" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vindication of a person's character and the re-establishment of that person's reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary action by workers to protest management decision or to make demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go-slow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of protest by workers in which they deliberately slow down in order to cause problem from their employers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work to rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a job action in which workers cause a slowdown by doing only the minimum amount required by the rules of the workplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive resistance", + "nonviolent resistance", + "nonviolence" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza passiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peaceful resistance to a government by fasting or refusing to cooperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger strike" + ], + "it": [ + "sciopero della fame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluntary fast undertaken as a means of protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satyagraha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of nonviolent resistance initiated in India by Mahatma Gandhi in order to oppose British rule and to hasten political reforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recusancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refusal to submit to established authority; originally the refusal of Roman Catholics to attend services of the Church of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "work stoppage" + ], + "it": [ + "sciopero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group's refusal to work in protest against low pay or bad work conditions" + ], + "it": [ + "astensione totale o parziale dal lavoro per protesta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit-down", + "sit-down strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strike in which workers refuse to leave the workplace until a settlement is reached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathy strike", + "sympathetic strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strike in support of other workers who are on strike; a strike not resulting from direct grievances against the workers' employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strike in which the workers walk out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildcat strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strike undertaken by workers without approval from the officials of their union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsnarling", + "untangling", + "disentanglement", + "extrication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of releasing from a snarled or tangled condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabotage" + ], + "it": [ + "sabotaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extermination", + "liquidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exterminating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genocide", + "race murder", + "racial extermination" + ], + "it": [ + "etnocidio", + "genicidio", + "genocidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematic killing of a racial or cultural group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holocaust" + ], + "it": [ + "olocausto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of mass destruction and loss of life (especially in war or by fire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocaust", + "final solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime from 1941 until 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "getto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casting an object in order to determine an outcome randomly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of throwing dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(craps) a first roll of 7 or 11 that immediately wins the stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "toss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of flipping a coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden, quick movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack of machine-gun fire or cannon fire from a low flying airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise attack", + "coup de main" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack without warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorist attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surprise attack involving the deliberate use of violence against civilians in the hope of attaining political or religious aims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambush", + "ambuscade", + "lying in wait", + "trap" + ], + "it": [ + "agguato", + "appostamento", + "imboscata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of concealing yourself and lying in wait to attack by surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pre-emptive strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surprise attack that is launched in order to prevent the enemy from doing it to you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-gulching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of killing from ambush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emancipation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of freeing from suspicion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manumission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of freeing from slavery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio observation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observation made with a radio telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupidity", + "betise", + "folly", + "foolishness", + "imbecility" + ], + "it": [ + "balordaggine", + "bambocciata", + "castronaggine", + "castroneria", + "cavolata", + "citrullaggine", + "coglionaggine", + "corbelleria", + "cretinata", + "cretineria", + "fessaggine", + "fesseria", + "grullaggine", + "idiozia", + "insensatezza", + "minchioneria", + "scemenza", + "sciocchezza", + "sproposito", + "stoltezza", + "stupidaggine", + "stupidata", + "stupidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid mistake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admission", + "admittance" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso", + "ammissione", + "entrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of admitting someone to enter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readmission" + ], + "it": [ + "riammissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of admitting someone again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriculation", + "matric" + ], + "it": [ + "immatricolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admission to a group (especially a college or university)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remarriage" + ], + "it": [ + "seconde nozze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of marrying again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renewal" + ], + "it": [ + "ammodernamento", + "rinnovamento", + "rinnovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of renewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-renewal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of renewing yourself (or itself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the repetition of an experiment in order to test the validity of its conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnesty", + "pardon", + "free pardon" + ], + "it": [ + "amnistia", + "grazia", + "indulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of liberating someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demolition" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattimento", + "demolizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of demolishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the intentional destruction of a document or an alteration of it that destroys its value as evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vandalism", + "hooliganism", + "malicious mischief" + ], + "it": [ + "teppismo", + "vandalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willful wanton and malicious destruction of the property of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recession", + "ceding back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of ceding back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amendment" + ], + "it": [ + "emendamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of amending or correcting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emendation" + ], + "it": [ + "emendamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correction by emending; a correction resulting from critical editing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a murder carried out by an underworld syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infanticide" + ], + "it": [ + "infanticidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murdering an infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder by shooting someone down in cold blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrannicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killing a tyrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thuggee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder and robbery by thugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmutation", + "transubstantiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that changes the form or character or substance of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrage jamming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic jamming over a wide range of frequencies simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot jamming", + "selective jamming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic jamming of a specific channel or frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic deception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deliberate use of electromagnetic energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulative electronic deception", + "electronic manipulative deception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actions to eliminate revealing telltale indicators that could be used by the enemy (or to convey misleading indicators)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulative electronic deception", + "electronic simulative deception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actions to represent friendly notional or actual capabilities to mislead hostile forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitative electronic deception", + "electronic imitative deception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of electromagnetic energy into enemy systems that imitates enemy emissions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "permissive waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonization", + "colonisation", + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "colonizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resettlement", + "relocation" + ], + "it": [ + "sgombero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transportation of people (as a family or colony) to a new settlement (as after an upheaval of some kind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of dismounting (a horse or bike etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "irradiamento", + "irraggiamento", + "radiazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spreading outward from a central source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emission", + "emanation" + ], + "it": [ + "emanazione", + "emissione", + "esalamento", + "esalazione", + "sprigionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of emitting; causing to flow forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "venting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of venting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jamming", + "electronic jamming", + "jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate radiation or reflection of electromagnetic energy for the purpose of disrupting enemy use of electronic devices or systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something legally void" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonization", + "harmonisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing in harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing with closed lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winnow", + "winnowing", + "sifting" + ], + "it": [ + "vagliatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of separating grain from chaff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorting one thing from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleportation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical mode of instantaneous transportation; matter is dematerialized at one place and recreated at another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonation", + "chanting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing in a monotonous tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liturgical chanting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing by a soloist of the opening piece of plainsong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed intonation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intonation of keyboard instruments where the pitch of each note is fixed and cannot be varied by the performer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karaoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing popular songs accompanied by a recording of an orchestra (usually in bars or nightclubs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part-singing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing with three or more voice parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psalmody", + "hymnody" + ], + "it": [ + "innodia", + "litania", + "salmodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of singing psalms or hymns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singalong", + "singsong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal group singing of popular songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solfege", + "solfeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voice exercise; singing scales or runs to the same syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solmization", + "solfege", + "solfeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing using solfa syllables to denote the notes of the scale of C major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yodeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singing by changing back and forth between the chest voice and a falsetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the playing of a card to start a trick in bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadership", + "leading" + ], + "it": [ + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of leading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helm" + ], + "it": [ + "timone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of leadership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position of leadership (especially in the phrase `take the lead')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trend setting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initiating or popularizing of a trend or fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precession", + "precedence", + "precedency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preceding in time or order or rank (as in a ceremony)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any activity that is performed alone without assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "flowage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of flooding; filling to overflowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population" + ], + "it": [ + "popolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of populating (causing to live in a place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of pouncing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i41999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a way of dealing with offenders without imprisoning them; a defendant found guilty of a crime is released by the court without imprisonment subject to conditions imposed by the court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clemency or mercy shown to a defeated opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing an official by petition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revocation" + ], + "it": [ + "revoca", + "revocamento", + "rivocamento", + "rivocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act (by someone having the authority) of annulling something previously done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprieve", + "respite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of reprieving; postponing or remitting punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revoke", + "renege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mistake of not following suit when able to do so" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruff", + "trumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(card games) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(card games) in a single round, the sequence of cards played by all the players; the high card is the winner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awakening", + "wakening", + "waking up" + ], + "it": [ + "risveglio", + "sveglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of waking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz" + ], + "it": [ + "brusio", + "cicalio", + "murmure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confusion of activity and gossip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of fastening something firmly in position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilization", + "immobilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fixation (as by a plaster cast) of a body part in order to promote proper healing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent and excited activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sin", + "hell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent and excited activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excitation", + "excitement" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that agitates and arouses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair-raiser", + "chiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excitation that makes your hair stand up or that chills your bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrill" + ], + "it": [ + "brivido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes you to experience a sudden intense feeling or sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incitation", + "incitement" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitamento", + "fomento", + "istigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of urging on or spurring on or rousing to action or instigating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflammation", + "inflaming" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitazione", + "infiammazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arousal to violent emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspiration", + "stirring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arousing to a particular emotion or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulation" + ], + "it": [ + "stimolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of arousing an organism to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanization", + "galvanisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulation that arouses a person to lively action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreeable arousal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deforestation", + "disforestation" + ], + "it": [ + "deforestamento", + "deforestazione", + "diboscamento", + "disboscamento", + "sboscamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing floating material from the surface of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal" + ], + "it": [ + "prelievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of taking out money or other capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoil", + "spoiling", + "spoilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swerve", + "swerving", + "veering" + ], + "it": [ + "sterzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning aside suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-point turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of turning a vehicle around in a limited space by moving in a series of back and forward arcs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face saver", + "face saving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act that avoids a loss of face (of dignity or prestige)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruitment", + "enlisting" + ], + "it": [ + "arrolamento", + "arruolamento", + "ingaggio", + "reclutamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of getting recruits; enlisting people for the army (or for a job or a cause etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of smoothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference", + "consultation" + ], + "it": [ + "consultazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of referring or consulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emphasizing", + "accenting", + "accentuation" + ], + "it": [ + "enfatizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving special importance or significance to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "outlet", + "vent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's dying act; the final thing a person can do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slapshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast shot made with a short powerful swing of the hockey stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to put the soccer ball into the net by using the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornhusking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of removing the husks from ears of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpebration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeated blinking or winking (especially if uncontrolled and persistent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank examination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination of the affairs and records of a bank by a state or federal bank examiner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beatification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of rendering supremely blessed and extremely happy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stabilization by bringing into equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic cleansing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mass expulsion and killing of one ethnic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumpstart", + "jump-start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "starting an automobile engine that has a weak battery by means of jumper cables to another car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystification", + "obfuscation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of obscuring people's understanding, leaving them baffled or bewildered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proclamation", + "promulgation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal act of proclaiming; giving public notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialization", + "socialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of establishing on a socialist basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilization", + "stabilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something (as a vessel or aircraft) less likely to overturn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupefaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of stupefying; making dull or lethargic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfusion reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reaction of the body to a transfusion of blood that is not compatible with its own blood; an adverse reaction can range from fever and hives to renal failure and shock and death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of improving something (especially machinery) by raising it to a higher grade (as by adding or replacing components)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vampirism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actions or practices of a vampire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "version" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manual turning of a fetus in the uterus (usually to aid delivery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulgarization", + "vulgarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rendering something coarse and unrefined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use or practice of witchcraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xenotransplant", + "xenotransplantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical procedure in which tissue or whole organs are transfered from one species to another species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the naval battle in which Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian's fleet under Agrippa in 31 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegates Isles", + "Aegadean Isles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "islands west of Sicily (now known as the Egadi Islands) where the Romans won a naval victory over the Carthaginians that ended the first Punic War in 241 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegospotami", + "Aegospotamos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in ancient Thrace (now Turkey); in the mouth of this river the Spartan fleet under Lysander destroyed the Athenian fleet in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (404 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agincourt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a siege and massacre at a mission in San Antonio in 1836; Mexican forces under Santa Anna besieged and massacred American rebels who were fighting to make Texas independent of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlanta", + "battle of Atlanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a siege in which Federal troops under Sherman cut off the railroads supplying the city and then burned it; 1864" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austerlitz", + "battle of Austerlitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decisive battle during the Napoleonic campaigns (1805); the French under Napoleon defeated the Russian armies of Czar Alexander I and the Austrian armies of Emperor Francis II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bannockburn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in which the Scots under Robert the Bruce defeated the English and assured the independence of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bataan", + "Corregidor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peninsula and island in the Philippines where Japanese forces besieged American forces in World War II; United States forces surrendered in 1942 and recaptured the area in 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of Britain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of Kerbala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 680 in which the grandson of Mohammed and his followers were killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of the Ardennes Bulge", + "Battle of the Bulge", + "Ardennes counteroffensive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle during World War II; in December 1944 von Rundstedt launched a powerful counteroffensive in the forest at Ardennes and caught the Allies by surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of the Marne", + "Belleau Wood", + "Chateau-Thierry", + "Marne River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a World War I battle in northwestern France where the Allies defeated the Germans in 1918" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bismarck Sea", + "battle of the Bismarck Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in World War II; Allied land-based bombers destroyed a Japanese convoy in the Bismarck Sea in March 1943" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blenheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the First Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the French in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borodino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Napoleon defeated the Russians in 1812 in a pitched battle at a village in western Russia west of Moscow, but irreparably weakened his army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosworth Field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle that ended the Wars of the Roses (1485); Richard III was killed and Henry Tudor was crowned as Henry VII" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bouvines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in 1214 the French under Philip Augustus defeated a coalition formed against him in one of the greatest battles of the middle ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boyne", + "battle of Boyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the War of the Grand Alliance in Ireland in 1690; William III defeated the deposed James II and so ended the Catholicism that had been reintroduced in England by the Stuarts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunanburh", + "battle of Brunanburh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 937 when Athelstan defeated the Scots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buena Vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle in the Mexican War in 1847; United States forces under Zachary Taylor defeated the Mexican forces under Santa Anna at a locality in northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bull Run", + "Battle of Bull Run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two battles during the American Civil War (1861 and 1862); Confederate forces defeated the Federal army in both battles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunker Hill", + "battle of Bunker Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first important battle of the American War of Independence (1775) which was fought at Breed's Hill; the British defeated the colonial forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cannae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient city is southeastern Italy where Hannibal defeated the Romans in 216 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caporetto", + "battle of Caporetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle of World War I (1917); Italians were defeated by the Austrian and German forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caudine Forks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Apennines in 321 BC in which the Samnites defeated the Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaeronea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in which Philip II of Macedon defeated the Athenians and Thebans (338 BC) and also Sulla defeated Mithridates (86 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalons", + "Chalons-sur-Marne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle in which Attila the Hun was defeated by the Romans and Visigoths in 451" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chancellorsville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major battle in the American Civil War (1863); the Confederates under Robert E. Lee defeated the Union forces under Joseph Hooker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chapultepec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle in the Mexican War that resulted in a major victory for American forces over Mexican forces at a locality south of Mexico City (1847)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chattanooga", + "battle of Chattanooga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the American Civil War (1863) the Union armies of Hooker, Thomas, and Sherman under the command of Ulysses S. Grant won a decisive victory over the Confederate Army under Braxton Bragg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chickamauga", + "battle of Chickamauga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Confederate victory in the American Civil War (1863); Confederate forces under Braxton Bragg defeated Union forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chino-Japanese War", + "Sino-Japanese War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between China and Japan (1894 and 1895) over the control of the Korean Peninsula; China was overwhelmingly defeated at Port Arthur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coral Sea", + "battle of the Coral Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese defeat in World War II (May 1942); the first naval battle fought entirely by planes based on aircraft carriers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cowpens", + "battle of Cowpens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in the American Revolution; Americans under Daniel Morgan defeated the British" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crecy", + "battle of Crecy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first decisive battle of the Hundred Years' War; in 1346 the English under Edward III defeated the French under Philip of Valois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cunaxa", + "battle of Cunaxa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in 401 BC when the Artaxerxes II defeated his younger brother who tried to usurp the throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynoscephalae", + "battle of Cynoscephalae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle that ended the second Macedonian War (197 BC); the Romans defeated Philip V who lost his control of Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dardanelles", + "Dardanelles campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unsuccessful campaign in World War I (1915) by the English and French to open a passage for aid to Russia; defeated by the Turks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dien Bien Phu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French military base fell after a siege by Vietnam troops that lasted 56 days; ended the involvement of France in Indochina in 1954" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drogheda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in 1649 the place was captured by Oliver Cromwell, who massacred the Catholic inhabitants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dunkirk", + "Dunkerque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious evacuation in World War II (1940) when 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches in northern France in a desperate retreat under enemy fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Alamein", + "Al Alamayn", + "Battle of El Alamein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle in World War II (1942) resulting in a decisive Allied victory by British troops under Montgomery over German troops under Rommel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eniwetok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "World War II (February 1944); American infantry landed and captured a Japanese stronghold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flodden", + "Battle of Flodden Field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1513; the English defeated the invading Scots and James IV was killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fontenoy", + "Battle of Fontenoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1745 in which the French army under Marshal Saxe defeated the English army and their allies under the duke of Cumberland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Ticonderoga", + "Ticonderoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle in which American revolutionary troops captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fredericksburg", + "Battle of Fredericksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important battle in the American Civil War (1862); the Union Army under A. E. Burnside was defeated by the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gettysburg", + "Battle of Gettysburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle of the American Civil War (1863); the defeat of Robert E. Lee's invading Confederate Army was a major victory for the Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Granicus", + "Battle of Granicus River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle in which Alexander won his first major victory against the Persians (334 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalcanal", + "Battle of Guadalcanal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War II in the Pacific (1942-1943); the island was occupied by the Japanese and later recaptured by American forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hampton Roads" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle of the American Civil War (1862); the indecisive battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hastings", + "battle of Hastings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decisive battle in which William the Conqueror (duke of Normandy) defeated the Saxons under Harold II (1066) and thus left England open for the Norman Conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hohenlinden", + "battle of Hohenlinden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle during the Napoleonic Wars (1800); the French defeated the Austrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inchon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Korean War (1950); United States forces landed at Inchon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian Mutiny", + "Sepoy Mutiny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discontent with British administration in India led to numerous mutinies in 1857 and 1858; the revolt was put down after several battles and sieges (notably the siege at Lucknow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ipsus", + "battle of Ipsus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle between the successors of Alexander the Great (301 BC); Lysimachus and Seleucus defeated Antigonus and Demetrius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Issus", + "battle of Issus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle (333 BC) in which Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivry", + "battle of Ivry", + "Ivry la Bataille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle (1590) in which the Huguenots under Henry IV defeated the Catholics under the duke of Mayenne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iwo", + "Iwo Jima", + "invasion of Iwo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jena", + "Battle of Jena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle in 1806 in which Napoleon decisively defeated the Prussians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jutland", + "battle of Jutland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indecisive naval battle in World War I (1916); fought between the British and German fleets off the northwestern coast of Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennesaw Mountain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle of the American Civil War (1864); Union forces under William Tecumseh Sherman were repulsed by Confederate troops under Joseph Eggleston Johnston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwajalein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious assault in the Pacific in World War II (January 1944); American forces landed and captured a Japanese air base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Trasimenus", + "Battle of Lake Trasimenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 217 BC in which Hannibal ambushed a Roman army led by Flaminius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langside", + "battle of Langside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(1568) Catholic forces supporting Mary Queen of Scots were routed by Protestants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepanto", + "Battle of Lepanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571 by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leuctra", + "battle of Leuctra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Thebes defeated Sparta in 371 BC; the battle ended Sparta's military supremacy in Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lexington", + "Concord", + "Lexington and Concord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leyte", + "Leyte Island", + "Leyte invasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War II; the return of United States troops to the Philippines began with landings on Leyte Island in October 1944; the battle marked first use of kamikaze aircraft by the Japanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Bighorn", + "Battle of Little Bighorn", + "Battle of the Little Bighorn", + "Custer's Last Stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in Montana near the Little Bighorn River between United States cavalry under Custer and several groups of Native Americans (1876); Custer was pursuing Sioux led by Sitting Bull; Custer underestimated the size of the Sioux forces (which were supported by Cheyenne warriors) and was killed along with all his command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucknow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British residents of Lucknow were besieged by Indian insurgents during the Indian Mutiny (1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lule Burgas", + "battle of Lule Burgas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal battle of the Balkan Wars (1912); Bulgarian forces defeated the Turks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutzen", + "battle of Lutzen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Thirty Years' War (1632); Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeated the Holy Roman Empire under Wallenstein; Gustavus Adolphus was killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macedonian War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one the four wars between Macedonia and Rome in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, which ended in the defeat of Macedonia and its annexation as a Roman province" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magenta", + "Battle of Magenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1859 in which the French and Sardinian forces under Napoleon III defeated the Austrians under Francis Joseph I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maldon", + "Battle of Maldon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in which the Danes defeated the Saxons in 991; celebrated in an old English poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manila Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in the Spanish-American War (1898); the American fleet under Admiral Dewey defeated the Spanish fleet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantinea", + "Mantineia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site of three famous battles among Greek city-states: in 418 BC and 362 BC and 207 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marathon", + "battle of Marathon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marengo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1800 in which the French under Napoleon Bonaparte won a great victory over the Austrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marston Moor", + "battle of Marston Moor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1644 in which the Parliamentarians under the earl of Manchester defeated the Royalists under Prince Rupert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metaurus River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle during the second Punic War (207 BC); Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal was defeated by the Romans which ended Hannibal's hopes for success in Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meuse", + "Meuse River", + "Argonne", + "Argonne Forest", + "Meuse-Argonne", + "Meuse-Argonne operation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American operation in World War I (1918); American troops under Pershing drove back the German armies which were saved only by the armistice on November 11" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midway", + "Battle of Midway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval battle of World War II (June 1942); American planes based on land and on carriers decisively defeated a Japanese fleet on its way to invade the Midway Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minden", + "battle of Minden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Seven Years' War (1759) in which the English forces and their allies defeated the French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monmouth Court House", + "Battle of Monmouth Court House", + "Battle of Monmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitched battle in New Jersey during the American Revolution (1778) that ended with the withdrawal of British forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naseby", + "Battle of Naseby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 1645 that settled the outcome of the first English Civil War as the Parliamentarians won a major victory over the Royalists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navarino", + "battle of Navarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decisive naval battle in the War of Greek Independence (1827); the Turkish and Egyptian fleet was defeated by an allied fleet of British and French and Russian warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Okinawa", + "Okinawa campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a campaign in the closing days of World War II in the Pacific (April to June 1945); in savage close-quarter fighting United States marines and regular army troops took the island from the Japanese; considered the greatest victory of the Pacific campaign for the Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omdurman", + "battle of Omdurman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle (1898) in which an English and Egyptian army under Kitchener defeated the Sudanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Operation Desert Storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States and its allies defeated Iraq in a ground war that lasted 100 hours (1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orleans", + "siege of Orleans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long siege of Orleans by the English was relieved by Joan of Arc in 1429" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panipat", + "battle of Panipat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in which the ruler of Afghanistan defeated the Mahrattas in 1761" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passero", + "Cape Passero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in the Mediterranean Sea off Cape Passero in which the Spanish navy was destroyed by France and England while attempting to recover Sicily and Sardinia from Italy (1719)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petersburg", + "Petersburg Campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final campaign of the American Civil War (1864-65); Union forces under Grant besieged and finally defeated Confederate forces under Lee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pharsalus", + "battle of Pharsalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Caesar defeated Pompey in 48 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippi", + "battle of Philippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Octavian and Mark Antony defeated Brutus and Cassius in 42 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine Sea", + "battle of the Philippine Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in World War II (1944); a decisive naval victory for the United States fleet over the Japanese who were trying to block supplies from reaching American troops on Leyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plassey", + "battle of Plassey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the victory in 1757 by the British under Clive over Siraj-ud-daula that established British supremacy over Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plataea", + "battle of Plataea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defeat of the Persian army by the Greeks at Plataea in 479 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plevna", + "Pleven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the town was taken from the Turks by the Russians in 1877 after a siege of 143 days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poitiers", + "battle of Poitiers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle in 1356 in which the English under the Black Prince defeated the French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Arthur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Chino-Japanese War (1894); Japanese captured the port and fortifications from the Chinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of Puebla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in which Mexican forces defeated the French in 1862" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pydna", + "Battle of Pydna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major victory by the Romans over the Macedonians in 168 BC; resulted in the downfall of the ancient Macedonian kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ravenna", + "Battle of Ravenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle between the French and an alliance of Spaniards and Swiss and Venetians in 1512" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocroi", + "Battle of Rocroi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Thirty Years' War (1643); the French defeated the Spanish invaders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rossbach", + "battle of Rossbach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Seven Years' War (1757); Prussian forces under Frederick the Great defeated the armies of France and Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint-Mihiel", + "St Mihiel", + "battle of St Mihiel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Meuse-Argonne operation in World War I (1918); the battle in which American troops launched their first offensive in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saipan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "US forces captured the island from the Japanese in July 1944; it was an important air base until the end of World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salerno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War II; the port was captured by United States troops in September 1943" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santiago", + "Santiago de Cuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in the Spanish-American War (1898); the United States fleet bottled up the Spanish ships in the harbor of Santiago de Cuba and destroyed them when they tried to escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saratoga", + "battle of Saratoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle during the American Revolution (1777); the British under Burgoyne were defeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sempatch", + "battle of Sempatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Swiss Confederation escaped Hapsburg domination by their victory in 1386" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shiloh", + "battle of Shiloh", + "battle of Pittsburgh Landing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second great battle of the American Civil War (1862); the battle ended with the withdrawal of Confederate troops but it was not a Union victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soissons", + "battle of Soissons-Reims", + "battle of the Chemin-des-Dames", + "battle of the Aisne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War I (May 1918); the Germans tried to attack before the American numbers were too great to defeat; the tactical success of the Germans proved to be a strategic failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solferino", + "battle of Solferino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indecisive battle in 1859 between the French and Sardinians under Napoleon III and the Austrians under Francis Joseph I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somme", + "Somme River", + "Battle of the Somme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in World War I (1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somme", + "Somme River", + "Battle of the Somme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle of World War II (1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of the Spanish Armada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the English Channel a small fleet of British ships successfully defeated the large armada sent from Spain by Philip II to invade England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spotsylvania", + "battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle between the armies of Grant and Lee during the Wilderness Campaign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syracuse", + "siege of Syracuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Athenian siege of Syracuse (415-413 BC) was eventually won by Syracuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syracuse", + "siege of Syracuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman siege of Syracuse (214-212 BC) was eventually won by the Romans who sacked the city (killing Archimedes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tannenberg", + "battle of Tannenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War I (1914); decisive German victory over the Russians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarawa", + "Makin", + "Tarawa-Makin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battles in World War II in the Pacific (November 1943); United States Marines took the islands from the Japanese after bitter fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tertry", + "battle of Tertry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in France in 687 among the descendants of Clovis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teutoburger Wald", + "battle of Teutoburger Wald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in 9 AD in which the Germans under Arminius annihilated three Roman Legions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tewkesbury", + "battle of Tewkesbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final battle of the War of the Roses in 1471 in which Edward IV defeated the Lancastrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thermopylae", + "battle of Thermopylae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famous battle in 480 BC; a Greek army under Leonidas was annihilated by the Persians who were trying to conquer Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trafalgar", + "battle of Trafalgar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain; the French and Spanish fleets were defeated by the English under Nelson (who was mortally wounded)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trasimeno", + "battle of Trasimeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in central Italy where Hannibal defeated the Romans under Flaminius in 217 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tsushima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval battle in the Russo-Japanese War (1905); the Japanese fleet defeated the Russian fleet in the Korean Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valmy", + "battle of Valmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French defeated the Austrian and Prussian troops in 1792 (with a famous cannonade from the French artillery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verdun", + "battle of Verdun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in World War I (1916); in some of the bloodiest fighting in World War I the German offensive was stopped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vicksburg", + "siege of Vicksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863); after being besieged for nearly seven weeks the Confederates surrendered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagram", + "battle of Wagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Napoleonic campaigns (1809); Napoleon defeated the Austrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Battle of Wake", + "Battle of Wake Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in December 1941 the island was captured by the Japanese after a gallant last-ditch stand by a few hundred United States marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waterloo", + "Battle of Waterloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Prussian and British forces under Blucher and the Duke of Wellington routed the French forces under Napoleon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilderness Campaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Civil War; a series of indecisive battles in Grant's campaign (1864) against Lee in which both armies suffered terrible losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yalu River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle in the Korean War (November 1950); when UN troops advanced north to the Yalu River 200,000 Chinese troops crossed the river and drove them back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yorktown", + "siege of Yorktown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in 1781 the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops; the surrender ended the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ypres", + "battle of Ypres", + "first battle of Ypres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in World War I (1914); heavy but indecisive fighting as the Allies and the Germans both tried to break through the lines of the others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ypres", + "battle of Ypres", + "second battle of Ypres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in World War I (1915); Germans wanted to try chlorine (a toxic yellow gas) as a weapon and succeeded in taking considerable territory from the Allied salient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ypres", + "battle of Ypres", + "third battle of Ypres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle in World War I (1917); an Allied offensive which eventually failed because tanks bogged down in the waterlogged soil of Flanders; Germans introduced mustard gas which interfered with the Allied artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zama", + "battle of Zama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battle in 202 BC in which Scipio decisively defeated Hannibal at the end of the second Punic War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Civil War", + "United States Civil War", + "War between the States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civil war in the United States between the North and the South; 1861-1865" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Revolution", + "American Revolutionary War", + "War of American Independence", + "American War of Independence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolution of the American Colonies against Great Britain; 1775-1783" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arab-Israeli War", + "Six-Day War", + "Six Day War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tension between Arabs and Israeli erupted into a brief war in June 1967; Israel emerged as a major power in the Middle East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arab-Israeli War", + "Yom Kippur War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked and drove the Syrians back and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkan Wars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two wars (1912-1913) that were fought over the last of the European territories of the Ottoman Empire and that left the area around Constantinople (now Istanbul) as the only Ottoman territory in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boer War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two wars: the first when the Boers fought England in order to regain the independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus (1880-1881); the second when the Orange Free State and Transvaal declared war on Britain (1899-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the republican revolution against the Manchu dynasty in China; 1911-1912" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crimean War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war in Crimea between Russia and a group of nations including England and France and Turkey and Sardinia; 1853-1856" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba; 1956-1959" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English Civil War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I; 1644-1648" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English Revolution", + "Glorious Revolution", + "Bloodless Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolution against James II; there was little armed resistance to William and Mary in England although battles were fought in Scotland and Ireland (1688-1689)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franco-Prussian War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French and Indian War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by American Indian tribes); 1755-1760" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Revolution" + ], + "it": [ + "Rivoluzione Francese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolution in France against the Bourbons; 1789-1799" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hundred Years' War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the series of wars fought intermittently between France and England; 1337-1453" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iran-Iraq War", + "Gulf War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dispute over control of the waterway between Iraq and Iran broke out into open fighting in 1980 and continued until 1988, when they accepted a UN cease-fire resolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between North and South Korea; South Korea was aided by the United States and other members of the United Nations; 1950-1953" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolution for agrarian reforms led in northern Mexico by Pancho Villa and in southern Mexico by Emiliano Zapata (1910-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "after disputes over Texas lands that were settled by Mexicans the United States declared war on Mexico in 1846 and by treaty in 1848 took Texas and California and Arizona and New Mexico and Nevada and Utah and part of Colorado and paid Mexico $15,000,000" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napoleonic Wars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of wars fought between France (led by Napoleon Bonaparte) and alliances involving England and Prussia and Russia and Austria at different times; 1799-1815" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman Conquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the invasion and settlement of England by the Normans following the battle of Hastings (1066)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peloponnesian War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta; 431-404 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian Gulf War", + "Gulf War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war fought between Iraq and a coalition led by the United States that freed Kuwait from Iraqi invaders; 1990-1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punic War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three wars between Carthage and Rome that resulted in the destruction of Carthage and its annexation by Rome; 264-241 BC, 218-201 BC, 149-146 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Restoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the re-establishment of the British monarchy in 1660" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian Revolution", + "February Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolution against the czarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian Revolution", + "October Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coup d'etat by the Bolsheviks under Lenin in November 1917 that led to a period of civil war which ended in victory for the Bolsheviks in 1922" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russo-Japanese War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese victory in the war with Russia (1904-1905) gave Japan power over Korea and Manchuria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seven Years' War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war of England and Prussia against France and Austria (1756-1763); Britain and Prussia got the better of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish-American War", + "Spanish War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between the United States and Spain in 1898" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish Civil War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civil war in Spain in which Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government; during the war Spain became a battleground for fascists and socialists from all countries; 1936-1939" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thirty Years' War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of conflicts (1618-1648) between Protestants and Catholics starting in Germany and spreading until France and Denmark and Sweden were opposing the Holy Roman Empire and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trojan War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a great war fought between Greece and Troy; the Greeks sailed to Troy to recover Helen of Troy, the beautiful wife of Menelaus who had been abducted by Paris; after ten years the Greeks (via the Trojan Horse) achieved final victory and burned Troy to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vietnam War", + "Vietnam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of Greek Independence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greeks rebelled against Turkish rule in 1821; with the support of England and France and Russia they won independence in 1828 at Navarino (although the country included only half its present size)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of the Austrian Succession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Prussia and Austria fought over Silesia and most of the rest of Europe took sides; 1740-1748" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of the Grand Alliance", + "War of the League of Augsburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive war waged by Louis XIV against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire and England and Holland and other states (1689-1697)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of the Spanish Succession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general war in Europe (1701-1714) that broke out when Louis XIV installed his grandson on the throne of Spain; England and Holland hoped to limit Louis' power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of the Roses", + "Wars of the Roses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "struggle for the English throne (1455-1485) between the house of York (white rose) and the house of Lancaster (red rose) ending with the accession of the Tudor monarch Henry VII" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War of 1812" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World War I", + "World War 1", + "Great War", + "First World War", + "War to End War" + ], + "it": [ + "prima guerra mondiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World War II", + "World War 2", + "Second World War" + ], + "it": [ + "seconda guerra mondiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a war between the Allies (Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iran, Iraq, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Philippines, Poland, South Africa, United Kingdom, United States, USSR, Yugoslavia) and the Axis (Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Rumania, Slovakia, Thailand) from 1939 to 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Animalia", + "kingdom Animalia", + "animal kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombinant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell or organism in which genetic recombination has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspecific" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism belonging to the same species as another organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism that possesses a recessive gene whose effect is masked by a dominant allele; the associated trait is not apparent but can be passed on to offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any unwanted and destructive insect or other animal that attacks food or crops or livestock etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regional term for `creature' (especially for domestic animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creepy-crawly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that creeps or crawls (such as worms or spiders or insects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or other animal that moves abruptly and rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant or animal naturalized in a region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that makes short high-pitched sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeotherm", + "homoiotherm", + "homotherm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that has a body temperature that is relatively constant and independent of the environmental temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poikilotherm", + "ectotherm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal whose body temperature varies with the temperature of its surroundings; any animal except birds and mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range animal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal that lives and grazes in the grassy open land of western North America (especially horses, cattle, sheep)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermin" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "animali nocivi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small animals or insects that are pests; e.g. cockroaches or rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varmint", + "varment" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "animale nocivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any usually predatory wild animal considered undesirable; e.g., coyote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scavenger" + ], + "it": [ + "animale saprofago", + "saprofago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal that feeds on refuse and other decaying organic matter" + ], + "it": [ + "animale che si nutre di animali morti o materiale organico in decomposizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom-feeder", + "bottom-dweller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish that lives and feeds on the bottom of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom-feeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scavenger that feeds low on the food chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom lurkers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish that lurks on the bottom of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work animal" + ], + "it": [ + "animale da lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal trained for and used for heavy labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beast of burden", + "jument" + ], + "it": [ + "animale da trasporto", + "animale da carico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal such as a donkey or ox or elephant used for transporting loads or doing other heavy work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft animal" + ], + "it": [ + "animale da tiro", + "animale da traino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal used for pulling heavy loads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack animal", + "sumpter" + ], + "it": [ + "bestia da soma", + "giumento", + "animale da soma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal (such as a mule or burro or horse) used to carry loads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic animal", + "domesticated animal" + ], + "it": [ + "animale domestico", + "animale addomesticato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various animals that have been tamed and made fit for a human environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal being fattened or suitable for fattening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that feeds on a particular source of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic animal (especially a young steer or heifer) kept as stock until fattened or matured and suitable for a breeding establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any recently hatched animal (especially birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single domestic animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal (especially birds and fish) that travels between different habitats at particular times of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molter", + "moulter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal (especially birds and arthropods and reptiles) that periodically shed their outer layer (feathers or cuticle or skin or hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet" + ], + "it": [ + "animale da compagnia", + "animale da appartemento", + "animale domestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domesticated animal kept for companionship or amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or other animal having powers of endurance or perseverance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creature (especially a whale) that has been prevented from attaining full growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually horned animal that has either shed its horns or had them removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine animal", + "marine creature", + "sea animal", + "sea creature" + ], + "it": [ + "animale marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous animals inhabiting the sea including e.g. fishes and molluscs and many mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-catch", + "bycatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwanted marine creatures that are caught in the nets while fishing for another species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphidiploid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism or cell having a diploid set of chromosomes from each parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diploid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism or cell having the normal amount of DNA per cell; i.e., two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haploid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heteroploid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is not an even multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyploid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism or cell having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female" + ], + "it": [ + "femmina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that produces gametes (ova) that can be fertilized by male gametes (spermatozoa)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female of certain aquatic animals e.g. octopus or lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male" + ], + "it": [ + "maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes (ova)" + ], + "it": [ + "un animale che produce gameti (spermatozoi) che possono fertilizzare gameti femminili (uova)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult" + ], + "it": [ + "adulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mature animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young", + "offspring" + ], + "it": [ + "prole", + "piccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any immature animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young animal without a mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any immature mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very young mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pup", + "whelp" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young of any of various canines such as a dog or wolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf pup", + "wolf cub" + ], + "it": [ + "lupacchiotto", + "lupetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young wolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppy" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cub", + "young carnivore" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the young of certain carnivorous mammals such as the bear or wolf or lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion cub" + ], + "it": [ + "leoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear cub" + ], + "it": [ + "orsacchiotto", + "cucciolo di orso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger cub" + ], + "it": [ + "tigrotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young tiger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young of any of various fur-bearing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suckling" + ], + "it": [ + "lattante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young mammal that has not been weaned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sire" + ], + "it": [ + "padre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male parent of an animal especially a domestic animal such as a horse" + ], + "it": [ + "maschio di un animale che ha generato dei piccoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dam" + ], + "it": [ + "madre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female parent of an animal especially domestic livestock" + ], + "it": [ + "femmina di animali che ha generato dei piccoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred", + "purebred", + "pureblood" + ], + "it": [ + "purosangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedigreed animal of unmixed lineage; used especially of horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant" + ], + "it": [ + "creatura gigante", + "gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any creature of exceptional size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external opening of urinary or genital system of a lower vertebrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animalcule", + "animalculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopic organism such as an amoeba or paramecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that survives in spite of adversity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutant" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that has undergone mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnivore" + ], + "it": [ + "carnivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal that feeds on flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbivore" + ], + "it": [ + "erbivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal that feeds chiefly on grass and other plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insectivore" + ], + "it": [ + "insettivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organism that feeds mainly on insects" + ], + "it": [ + "animale che si nutre prevalentemente di insetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal having teeth consolidated with the summit of the alveolar ridge without sockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleurodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal having teeth fused with the inner surface of the alveolar ridge without sockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial taxonomic category established on the basis of morphological resemblance for organisms of obscure true relationships especially fossil forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ], + "it": [ + "corno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the bony outgrowths on the heads of certain ungulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antler" + ], + "it": [ + "corno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous horn of a member of the deer family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuft" + ], + "it": [ + "ciuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bunch of feathers or hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ], + "it": [ + "corno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hard protuberance from the head of an organism that is similar to or suggestive of a horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crest" + ], + "it": [ + "cresta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy growth of e.g. feathers or skin on the head of a bird or other animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topknot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy crest or knot of hair or feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microorganism", + "micro-organism" + ], + "it": [ + "microorganismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organism of microscopic size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a single-celled microorganism (especially a flagellate protozoan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerobe" + ], + "it": [ + "aerobio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism (especially a bacterium) that requires air or free oxygen for life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaerobe" + ], + "it": [ + "anaerobio", + "anerobio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism (especially a bacterium) that does not require air or free oxygen to live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obligate anaerobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybrid", + "crossbreed", + "cross" + ], + "it": [ + "ibrido", + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism that is the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock; especially offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties or breeds or species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dihybrid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hybrid produced by parents that differ only at two gene loci that have two alleles each" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monohybrid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hybrid produced by crossing parents that are homozygous except for a single gene locus that has two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that can assume more than one adult form as in the castes of ants or termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative", + "congener", + "congenator", + "congeneric" + ], + "it": [ + "congenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal or plant that bears a relationship to another (as related by common descent or by membership in the same genus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestinal flora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmless microorganisms (as Escherichia coli) that inhabit the intestinal tract and are essential for its normal functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virus" + ], + "it": [ + "virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbovirus", + "arborvirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large heterogeneous group of RNA viruses divisible into groups on the basis of the virions; they have been recovered from arthropods, bats, and rodents; most are borne by arthropods; they are linked by the epidemiologic concept of transmission between vertebrate hosts by arthropod vectors (mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, midges, etc.) that feed on blood; they can cause mild fevers, hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, and encephalitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsid" + ], + "it": [ + "capside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(virology) a complete viral particle; nucleic acid and capsid (and a lipid envelope in some viruses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adenovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of viruses including those that in humans cause upper respiratory infections or infectious pinkeye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parainfluenza virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virus that causes upper respiratory infection (including the common cold and bronchiolitis); most often in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arenavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal viruses belonging to the family Arenaviridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Junin virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the RNA virus that causes Argentine hemorrhagic fever; carried by rats and mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lassa virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the RNA virus that causes Lassa fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the RNA virus that causes lymphocytic choriomeningitis; infects mice and monkeys and dogs and guinea pigs and human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machupo virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the RNA virus that causes Bolivian hemorrhagic fever; carried by rats and mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunyaviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of arboviruses that affect a wide range of hosts (mainly vertebrates and arthropods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunyavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Filoviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of threadlike RNA viruses that cause diseases in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal viruses belonging to the family Filoviridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ebola virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filovirus that causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever; carried by animals; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marburg virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filovirus that causes Marburg disease; carried by animals; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Togaviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arboviruses carried by arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arbovirus of the family Togaviridae that can cause a variety of encephalitis in horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flaviviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arboviruses carried by arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavivirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal viruses belonging to the family Flaviviridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Nile virus", + "West Nile encephalitis virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flavivirus that causes West Nile encephalitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arenaviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arborviruses carried by arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhabdoviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arborviruses carried by arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesiculovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal virus that causes vesicular stomatitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reoviridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arboviruses carried by arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poxvirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of viruses that can cause pox diseases in vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxoma virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poxvirus closely related to smallpox virus; causes benign gelatinous tumors in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variola virus", + "smallpox virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus that causes smallpox in humans; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variola major", + "variola major virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of smallpox virus that has a fatality rate of up to 25 percent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variola minor", + "variola minor virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of smallpox virus that has a fatality rate of about 1 percent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco mosaic virus", + "TMV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the widely studied plant virus that causes tobacco mosaic; it was the first virus discovered (1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viroid", + "virusoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest of viruses; a plant virus with its RNA arranged in a circular chromosome without a protein coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriophage", + "phage" + ], + "it": [ + "batteriofago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virus that is parasitic (reproduces itself) in bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coliphage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacteriophage that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typhoid bacteriophage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacteriophage specific for the bacterium Salmonella typhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant pathogen that is a virus consisting of a single strand of RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal pathogen that is a virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepadnavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of animal DNA viruses including viruses of ducks and woodchucks and squirrels and others as well as the virus causing hepatitis B in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion and reverse transcriptase (RNA to DNA); the virus transcribes its RNA into a cDNA provirus that is then incorporated into the host cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human T-cell leukemia virus-1", + "HTLV-1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retrovirus causing T-cell leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human immunodeficiency virus", + "HIV" + ], + "it": [ + "HIV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); it replicates in and kills the helper T cells" + ], + "it": [ + "virus responsabile dell'AIDS" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of RNA viruses including those that cause influenza and mumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthomyxovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of viruses including those causing influenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramyxovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of viruses including those causing mumps and measles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory syncytial virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paramyxovirus that forms syncytia in tissue culture and that is responsible for severe respiratory diseases such as bronchiolitis and bronchial pneumonia (especially in children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picornavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of single-strand RNA viruses with a protein coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poliovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus causing poliomyelitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatitis A virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus causing hepatitis A" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of picornaviruses that infect the gastrointestinal tract and can spread to other areas (especially the nervous system)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coxsackievirus", + "Coxsackie virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enterovirus causing a disease resembling poliomyelitis but without paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of viruses associated with various diseases including viral meningitis and mild respiratory disorders and diarrhea in newborn infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of picornaviruses that are responsible for many upper respiratory infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes", + "herpes virus" + ], + "it": [ + "erpete", + "herpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the animal viruses that cause painful blisters on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes simplex", + "herpes simplex virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herpes virus that affects the skin and nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes simplex 1", + "HS1", + "HSV-1", + "HSV-I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herpes virus that causes oral herpes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes simplex 2", + "HS2", + "HSV-2", + "HSV-II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herpes virus that can cause genital herpes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes zoster", + "herpes zoster virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herpes virus that causes shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpes varicella zoster", + "herpes varicella zoster virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herpes virus that causes chickenpox and shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epstein-Barr virus", + "EBV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the herpes virus that causes infectious mononucleosis; associated with specific cancers in Africa and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytomegalovirus", + "CMV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of herpes viruses that enlarge epithelial cells and can cause birth defects; can affect humans with impaired immunological systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varicella zoster virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member of the herpes virus family that is responsible for chickenpox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papovavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of animal viruses associated with or causing papillomas or polyomas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human papilloma virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of papovaviruses associated with genital or oral carcinomas or a group associated with benign genital tumors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyoma", + "polyoma virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virus the can initiate various kinds of tumors in mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhabdovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of arboviruses including those causing rabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyssavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurotropic non-arbovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae that causes rabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reovirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of non-arboviruses including the rotavirus causing infant enteritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotavirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reovirus causing infant enteritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parvovirus", + "parvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of viruses containing DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and causing disease in dogs and cattle; not known to be associated with any human disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virus that remains dormant in the body for a long time before symptoms appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion yellow-dwarf virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus that produces stunting and yellowing of the leaves of onion plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato yellow-dwarf virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the virus that produces stunting and yellowing of the leaves of potato plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monera", + "kingdom Monera", + "Prokayotae", + "kingdom Prokaryotae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prokaryotic bacteria and blue-green algae and various primitive pathogens; because of lack of consensus on how to divide the organisms into phyla informal names are used for the major divisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneran", + "moneron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organisms that typically reproduce by asexual budding or fission and whose nutritional mode is absorption or photosynthesis or chemosynthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoctist order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of protoctists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division Archaebacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaebacteria", + "archaebacterium", + "archaeobacteria", + "archeobacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered ancient life forms that evolved separately from bacteria and blue-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methanogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaebacteria found in anaerobic environments such as animal intestinal tracts or sediments or sewage and capable of producing methane; a source of natural gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halophile", + "halophil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaebacteria requiring a salt-rich environment for growth and survival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halobacteria", + "halobacterium", + "halobacter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "halophiles in saline environments such as the Dead Sea or salt flats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermoacidophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaebacteria that thrive in strongly acidic environments at high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria", + "bacterium" + ], + "it": [ + "bacterio", + "batterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidophil", + "acidophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that thrives in a relatively acid environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probiotic", + "probiotic bacterium", + "probiotic microflora", + "probiotic flora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beneficial bacterium found in the intestinal tract of healthy mammals; often considered to be a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rodlike bacterium (especially any of the rod-shaped or branched bacteria in the root nodules of nitrogen-fixing plants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacillus", + "B" + ], + "it": [ + "bacillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacillus anthracis", + "anthrax bacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacillus that causes anthrax in humans and in animals (cattle and swine and sheep and rabbits and mice and guinea pigs); can be used a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacillus subtilis", + "Bacillus globigii", + "grass bacillus", + "hay bacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacillus found in soil and decomposing organic matter; some strains produce antibiotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yersinia pestis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacillus bacterium that causes the plague; aerosolized bacteria can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccus", + "cocci" + ], + "it": [ + "cocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any spherical or nearly spherical bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccobacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterial cell intermediate in morphology between a coccus and a bacillus; a very short bacillus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brucella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aerobic Gram-negative coccobacillus that causes brucellosis; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirillum", + "spirilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any flagellated aerobic bacteria having a spirally twisted rodlike form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heliobacter", + "genus Heliobacter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of helical or curved or straight aerobic bacteria with rounded ends and multiple flagella; found in the gastric mucosa of primates (including humans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heliobacter pylori", + "H. pylori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type species of genus Heliobacter; produces urease and is associated with several gastroduodenal diseases (including gastritis and gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers and other peptic ulcers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria species" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudomonas pyocanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of aerobic bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aerobacter", + "genus Aerobacter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aerobic bacteria widely distributed in nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aerobacter aerogenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria that produce gas and acid from sugars and are sometimes involved in the souring of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizobiaceae", + "family Rhizobiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small family of rod-shaped bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizobium", + "genus Rhizobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of Rhizobiaceae; usually occur in the root nodules of legumes; can fix atmospheric oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrobacterium", + "genus Agrobacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small motile bacterial rods that can reduce nitrates and cause galls on plant stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrobacterium tumefaciens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bacteria that produce crown gall disease in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division Eubacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-celled monerans having simple cells with rigid walls and (in motile types) flagella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eubacteria", + "eubacterium", + "true bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large group of bacteria having rigid cell walls; motile types have flagella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eubacteriales", + "order Eubacteriales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-positive spherical or rod-shaped forms; some are motile; in some classifications considered an order of Schizomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacillaceae", + "family Bacillaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically rod-shaped usually Gram-positive bacteria that produce endospores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bacillaceae; includes many saprophytes important in decay of organic matter and a number of parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Clostridium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anaerobic or micro-aerophilic rod-shaped or spindle-shaped saprophytes; nearly cosmopolitan in soil, animal intestines, and dung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clostridium", + "clostridia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spindle-shaped bacterial cell especially one swollen at the center by an endospore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botulinus", + "botulinum", + "Clostridium botulinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anaerobic bacterium producing botulin the toxin that causes botulism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clostridium perfringens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anaerobic Gram-positive rod bacterium that produces epsilon toxin; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyanophyta", + "division Cyanophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prokaryotic organisms sometimes considered a class or phylum or subkingdom; coextensive with the Cyanophyceae: cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizophyta", + "division Schizophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former term for the Cyanophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizomycetes", + "class Schizomycetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class Cyanobacteria", + "Cyanophyceae", + "class Cyanophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photosynthetic bacteria found in fresh and salt water, having chlorophyll a and phycobilins; once thought to be algae: blue-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyanobacteria", + "blue-green algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll; occur singly or in colonies in diverse habitats; important as phytoplankton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxophyceae", + "family Myxophyceae", + "Schizophyceae", + "family Schizophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former terms for Cyanophyceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nostocaceae", + "family Nostocaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nostoc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Nostocaceae: freshwater blue-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nostoc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in moist places as rounded jellylike colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oscillatoriaceae", + "family Oscillatoriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Trichodesmium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of blue-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichodesmium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large colonial bacterium common in tropical open-ocean waters; important in carbon and nitrogen fixation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phototrophic bacteria", + "phototropic bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green and purple bacteria; energy for growth is derived from sunlight; carbon is derived from carbon dioxide or organic carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-living Gram-negative pink to purplish-brown bacteria containing bacteriochlorophyll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudomonadales", + "order Pseudomonadales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-negative spiral or spherical or rod-shaped bacteria usually motile by polar flagella; some contain photosynthetic pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudomonodaceae", + "family Pseudomonodaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria; include important plant and animal pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudomonas", + "genus Pseudomonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pseudomonodaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring rot bacteria", + "Pseudomonas solanacearum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "causes brown rot in tomatoes and potatoes and tobacco etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudomonad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria usually producing greenish fluorescent water-soluble pigment; some pathogenic for plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthomonas", + "genus Xanthomonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria similar to Pseudomonas but producing a yellow pigment that is not soluble in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xanthomonad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria producing yellow non-water-soluble pigments; some pathogenic for plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athiorhodaceae", + "family Athiorhodaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small motile sulphur bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nitrobacteriaceae", + "family Nitrobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually rod-shaped bacteria that oxidize ammonia or nitrites: nitrobacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nitrobacter", + "genus Nitrobacter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped soil bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitric bacteria", + "nitrobacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil bacteria that convert nitrites to nitrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nitrosomonas", + "genus Nitrosomonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ellipsoidal soil bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrosobacteria", + "nitrous bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitrites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thiobacteriaceae", + "family Thiobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-living coccoid to rod-shaped bacteria that derive energy from oxidizing sulfur or sulfur compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Thiobacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiobacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rod-shaped bacteria living in sewage or soil and oxidizing sulfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiobacteria", + "sulphur bacteria", + "sulfur bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bacterium of the genus Thiobacillus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirillaceae", + "family Spirillaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rigid spirally curved elongate bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Spirillum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirillum" + ], + "it": [ + "spirillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spirally twisted elongate rodlike bacteria usually living in stagnant water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratbite fever bacterium", + "Spirillum minus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterium causing ratbite fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibrio", + "vibrion" + ], + "it": [ + "vibrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curved rodlike motile bacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comma bacillus", + "Vibrio comma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comma-shaped bacteria that cause Asiatic cholera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vibrio fetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria that cause abortion in sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacteroidaceae", + "family Bacteroidaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of bacteria living usually in the alimentary canal or on mucous surfaces of warm-blooded animals; sometimes associated with acute infective processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacteroides", + "genus Bacteroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Bacteroidaceae; genus of Gram-negative rodlike anaerobic bacteria producing no endospores and no pigment and living in the gut of man and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calymmatobacterium", + "genus Calymmatobacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacterial rods containing only the one species that causes granuloma inguinale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calymmatobacterium granulomatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the species of bacteria that causes granuloma inguinale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francisella", + "genus Francisella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria that occur as pathogens and parasite in many animals (including humans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francisella tularensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type species of the genus Francisella and the causal agent of tularemia in humans; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonococcus", + "Neisseria gonorrhoeae" + ], + "it": [ + "gonococco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pus-producing bacterium that causes gonorrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corynebacteriaceae", + "family Corynebacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of mostly Gram-positive and aerobic and nonmotile rod-shaped bacteria of the order Eubacteriales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corynebacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any species of the genus Corynebacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Corynebacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Corynebacteriaceae which is widely distributed in nature; the best known are parasites and pathogens of humans and domestic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corynebacterium diphtheriae", + "C. diphtheriae", + "Klebs-Loeffler bacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacterium that causes diphtheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Listeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of aerobic motile bacteria of the family Corynebacteriaceae containing small Gram-positive rods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any species of the genus Listeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Listeria monocytogenes", + "L. monocytogenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type species of the genus Listeria; can cause meningitis, encephalitis, septicemia, endocarditis, abortion, abscesses, listeriosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enterobacteriaceae", + "family Enterobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria of the order Eubacteriales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteric bacteria", + "enterobacteria", + "enterics", + "entric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria; most occur normally or pathogenically in intestines of humans and other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Escherichia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escherichia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of enteric bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Escherichia coli", + "E. coli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacterium normally present in intestinal tract of humans and other animals; sometimes pathogenic; can be a threat to food safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Klebsiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klebsiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of nonmotile rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria; some cause respiratory and other infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Salmonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmonella" + ], + "it": [ + "salmonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria; cause typhoid fever and food poisoning; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmonella enteritidis", + "Gartner's bacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of salmonella that causes gastroenteritis in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmonella typhimurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of salmonella that causes food poisoning in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typhoid bacillus", + "Salmonella typhosa", + "Salmonella typhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of salmonella that causes typhoid fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Serratia", + "Serratia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of motile peritrichous bacteria that contain small Gram-negative rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serratia marcescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type species of the genus Serratia; a species found in water and soil and milk and foods and insects; can cause infections of the endocardium and blood and wounds and urinary tract and respiratory tract; has been tested as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Shigella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shigella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria; some are pathogenic for warm-blooded animals; can be used as a bioweapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiga bacillus", + "Shigella dysentariae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacillus that causes dysentery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Erwinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erwinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped motile bacteria that attack plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endospore-forming bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of true bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rickettsiales", + "order Rickettsiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleomorphic Gram-negative microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rickettsiaceae", + "family Rickettsiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microorganism resembling bacteria inhabiting arthropod tissues but capable of causing disease in vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rickettsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "can cause typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickettsia" + ], + "it": [ + "rickettsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of very small rod-shaped bacteria that live in biting arthropods (as ticks and mites) and cause disease in vertebrate hosts; they cause typhus and other febrile diseases in human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumor virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell-free filtrate held to be a virus responsible for a specific neoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wound tumor virus", + "WTV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumor virus transmitted by leafhoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a large vector that is made from a bacteriophage and used to clone genes or gene fragments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydiaceae", + "family Chlamydiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Gram-negative parasites in warm-blooded vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chlamydia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Chlamydiaceae: disease-causing parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlamydia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coccoid rickettsia infesting birds and mammals; cause infections of eyes and lungs and genitourinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydia psittaci", + "C. psittaci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria responsible for the sexually transmitted disease chlamydia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydia trachomatis", + "C. trachomatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria responsible for the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and lymphogranuloma venereum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycoplasmatales", + "order Mycoplasmatales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Mycoplasmataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycoplasmataceae", + "family Mycoplasmataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleomorphic Gram-negative nonmotile microorganism similar to both viruses and bacteria; parasitic in mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mycoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Mycoplasmataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of small parasitic bacteria that lack cell walls and can survive without oxygen; can cause pneumonia and urinary tract infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleuropneumonialike organism", + "PPLO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mycoplasma resistant to antibiotics that causes a kind of pneumonia in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Legionella pneumophilia", + "legionella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motile aerobic rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in central heating and air conditioning systems and can cause Legionnaires' disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrobacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the bacteria in the soil that take part in the nitrogen cycle; they oxidize ammonium compounds into nitrites or oxidize nitrites into nitrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrate bacterium", + "nitric bacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the nitrobacteria that oxidize nitrites into nitrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrite bacterium", + "nitrous bacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the nitrobacteria that oxidize ammonia into nitrites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinomycetales", + "order Actinomycetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filamentous or rod-shaped bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinomycete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bacteria (some of which are pathogenic for humans and animals) belonging to the order Actinomycetales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinomycetaceae", + "family Actinomycetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filamentous anaerobic bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Actinomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Actinomycetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinomyces" + ], + "it": [ + "actinomiceti", + "micobatteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil-inhabiting saprophytes and disease-producing plant and animal parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptomycetaceae", + "family Streptomycetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "higher bacteria typically aerobic soil saprophytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Streptomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptomyces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aerobic bacteria (some of which produce the antibiotic streptomycin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptomyces erythreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of the antibiotic erythromycin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptomyces griseus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of the antibiotic streptomycin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato scab bacteria", + "Streptomyces scabies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of a potato disease characterized by brownish corky tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycobacteriaceae", + "family Mycobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mycobacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonmotile Gram-positive aerobic bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycobacteria", + "mycobacterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped bacteria some saprophytic or causing diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubercle bacillus", + "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin-resistant bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria that are unaffected by penicillin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pus-forming bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria that produce pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any rod-shaped bacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptobacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leprosy bacillus", + "Mycobacterium leprae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of leprosy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order Myxobacteria", + "Myxobacterales", + "order Myxobacterales", + "Myxobacteriales", + "order Myxobacteriales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of higher bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyangiaceae", + "family Polyangiaceae", + "Myxobacteriaceae", + "family Myxobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria living mostly in soils and on dung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyangium", + "genus Polyangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Polyangiaceae: myxobacteria with rounded fruiting bodies enclosed in a membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxobacteria", + "myxobacterium", + "myxobacter", + "gliding bacteria", + "slime bacteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacteria that form colonies in self-produced slime; inhabit moist soils or decaying plant matter or animal waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micrococcaceae", + "family Micrococcaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spherical or elliptical usually aerobic eubacteria that produce yellow or orange or red pigment; includes toxin-producing forms as well as harmless commensals and saprophytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micrococcus", + "genus Micrococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Micrococcaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Staphylococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes many pathogenic species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staphylococcus", + "staphylococci", + "staph" + ], + "it": [ + "stafilococco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spherical Gram-positive parasitic bacteria that tend to form irregular colonies; some cause boils or septicemia or infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lactobacillaceae", + "family Lactobacillaceae", + "Lactobacteriaceae", + "family Lactobacteriaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lactic acid bacteria and important pathogens; bacteria that ferment carbohydrates chiefly into lactic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lactobacillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Lactobacillaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactobacillus" + ], + "it": [ + "lattobacillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium that produces lactic acid (especially in milk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidophilus", + "Lactobacillus acidophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bacterium that is used to make yogurt and to supplement probiotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Diplococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Gram-positive bacteria usually occurring in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumococcus", + "Diplococcus pneumoniae" + ], + "it": [ + "pneumococco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bacterium causing pneumonia in mice and humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Streptococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptococcus", + "streptococci", + "strep" + ], + "it": [ + "streptococco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spherical Gram-positive bacteria occurring in pairs or chains; cause e.g. scarlet fever and tonsillitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptococcus anhemolyticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirochaetales", + "order Spirochaetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "higher bacteria; slender spiral rodlike forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirochaetaceae", + "family Spirochaetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large coarsely spiral bacteria; free-living in fresh or salt water or commensal in bodies of oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirochaeta", + "genus Spirochaeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Spirochaetaceae; a bacterium that is flexible, undulating, and chiefly aquatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirochete", + "spirochaete" + ], + "it": [ + "spirocheta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic or free-living bacteria; many pathogenic to humans and other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treponemataceae", + "family Treponemataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spirochetes some parasitic or pathogenic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Treponema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Treponemataceae: anaerobic spirochetes with an undulating rigid body; parasitic in warm-blooded animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treponema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spirochete that causes disease in humans (e.g. syphilis and yaws)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Borrelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flexible parasitic spirochetes having three to five wavy spirals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of e.g. European and African relapsing fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borrelia burgdorferi", + "Lime disease spirochete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of Lyme disease; transmitted primarily by ticks of genus Ixodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Leptospira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very slender aerobic spirochetes; free-living or parasitic in mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptospira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important pathogens causing Weil's disease or canicola fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plankton" + ], + "it": [ + "plancton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytoplankton" + ], + "it": [ + "fitoplancton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photosynthetic or plant constituent of plankton; mainly unicellular algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planktonic algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unicellular algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zooplankton" + ], + "it": [ + "zooplancton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal constituent of plankton; mainly small crustaceans and fish larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nekton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregate of actively swimming animals in a body of water ranging from microscopic organisms to whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbe", + "bug", + "germ" + ], + "it": [ + "bacterio", + "batterio", + "microbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasite" + ], + "it": [ + "parassita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal or plant that lives in or on a host (another animal or plant); it obtains nourishment from the host without benefiting or killing the host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoparasite", + "entoparasite", + "entozoan", + "entozoon", + "endozoan" + ], + "it": [ + "endoparassita", + "entozoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various parasites that live in the internal organs of animals (especially intestinal worms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectoparasite", + "ectozoan", + "ectozoon", + "epizoan", + "epizoon" + ], + "it": [ + "dermatozoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any external parasitic organism (as fleas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host" + ], + "it": [ + "ospite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite; it does not benefit and is often harmed by the association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermediate host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a host that is used by a parasite in the course of its life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definitive host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the host in which the sexual reproduction of a parasite takes place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathogen" + ], + "it": [ + "agente patogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commensal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two different animal or plant species living in close association but not interdependent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrmecophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism such as an insect that habitually shares the nest of a species of ant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protoctista", + "kingdom Protoctista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in most modern classifications, replacement for the Protista; includes: Protozoa; Euglenophyta; Chlorophyta; Cryptophyta; Heterokontophyta; Rhodophyta; unicellular protists and their descendant multicellular organisms: regarded as distinct from plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoctist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the unicellular protists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protista", + "division Protista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eukaryotic one-celled living organisms distinct from multicellular plants and animals: protozoa, slime molds, and eukaryotic algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protist", + "protistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-living or colonial organisms with diverse nutritional and reproductive modes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoctist family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the families of Protoctista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoctist genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any genus of Protoctista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrophyta", + "phylum Pyrrophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of lower plants comprising unicellular and biflagellate algae that form starchy compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protozoa", + "phylum Protozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a superphylum or a subkingdom; comprises flagellates; ciliates; sporozoans; amoebas; foraminifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protozoan", + "protozoon" + ], + "it": [ + "protozoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of diverse minute acellular or unicellular organisms usually nonphotosynthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcodina", + "class Sarcodina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by the formation of pseudopods for locomotion and taking food: Actinopoda; Rhizopoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcodinian", + "sarcodine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa that move and capture food by forming pseudopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinopoda", + "subclass Actinopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heliozoans; radiolarians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinopod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa having stiff rodlike radiating pseudopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heliozoa", + "order Heliozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly freshwater protozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliozoan" + ], + "it": [ + "eliozoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa with spherical bodies and stiff radiating pseudopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Radiolaria", + "order Radiolaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine protozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiolarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa with amoeba-like bodies and radiating filamentous pseudopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhizopoda", + "subclass Rhizopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping protozoans: amoebas and foraminifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhizopod", + "rhizopodan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa characterized by a pseudopod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amoebida", + "order Amoebida", + "Amoebina", + "order Amoebina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the animal order including amoebas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amoeba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoan inhabiting moist soils or bottom vegetation in fresh or salt water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Endamoebidae", + "family Endamoebidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of endoparasitic amebas that invade the digestive tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Endamoeba", + "genus Endamoeba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Endamoebidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endameba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any ameba of the genus Endamoeba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ameba", + "amoeba" + ], + "it": [ + "ameba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naked freshwater or marine or parasitic protozoa that form temporary pseudopods for feeding and locomotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Endamoeba histolytica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parasitic ameba that causes amebic dysentery in human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foraminifera", + "order Foraminifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foraminifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foram", + "foraminifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine microorganism having a calcareous shell with openings where pseudopods protrude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Globigerinidae", + "family Globigerinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of protoctists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Globigerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Globigerinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globigerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine protozoan having a rounded shell with spiny processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nummulitidae", + "family Nummulitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fossil protoctists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nummulite" + ], + "it": [ + "nummulite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fossil protozoan of the Tertiary period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Testacea", + "order Testacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "testacean rhizopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rhizopods of the order Testacea characterized by having a shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcellidae", + "family Arcellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil and freshwater protozoa; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Arcella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Arcellidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amoeba-like protozoan with a chitinous shell resembling an umbrella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Difflugia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of protozoans related to ameba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difflugia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protozoan with an ovoid shell of cemented sand grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciliata", + "class Ciliata", + "Ciliophora", + "class Ciliophora" + ], + "it": [ + "Ciliati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of protozoa having cilia or hairlike appendages on part or all of the surface during some part of the life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciliate", + "ciliated protozoan", + "ciliophoran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protozoan with a microscopic appendage extending from the surface of the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Infusoria", + "subclass Infusoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some recent classifications, coextensive with the Ciliata: minute organisms found in decomposing infusions of organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infusorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the subclass Infusoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Paramecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater ciliate with an oval body and long deep oral groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramecium", + "paramecia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the genus Paramecium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tetrahymena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa having four membranous ciliary organelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrahymena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative of the paramecium; often used in genetics research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trumpet-shaped protozoa with a ciliated spiral feeding funnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several trumpet-shaped ciliate protozoans that are members of the genus Stentor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vorticella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ciliated protozoans that have a goblet-shaped body with a retractile stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vorticella" + ], + "it": [ + "vorticella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various protozoa having a transparent goblet-shaped body with a retractile stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alga", + "algae" + ], + "it": [ + "alga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive chlorophyll-containing mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms lacking true stems and roots and leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaweed" + ], + "it": [ + "alga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant growing in the sea, especially marine algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible seaweed with a mild flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried seaweed especially that cast ashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seagrass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various seaweeds that grow underwater in shallow beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea wrack", + "wrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth of marine vegetation especially of the large forms such as rockweeds and kelp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorophyll", + "chlorophyl" + ], + "it": [ + "clorofilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms; there are four naturally occurring forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorophyll a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue-black plant pigment having a blue-green alcohol solution; found in all higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorophyll b" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark-green plant pigment having a brilliant green alcohol solution; generally characteristic of higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorophyll c", + "chlorofucin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chlorophyll present in brown algae, diatoms, and flagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorophyll d" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chlorophyll found (together with chlorophyll a) in red algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriochlorophyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance in photosensitive bacteria that is related to but different from chlorophyll of higher plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phycobilin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water-soluble proteinaceous pigments found in red algae and cyanobacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phycoerythrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red pigment in red algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phycocyanin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue pigment in algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterokontophyta", + "division Heterokontophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae having chlorophyll a and usually c, and flagella of unequal lengths; terminology supersedes Chrysophyta in some classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysophyta", + "division Chrysophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly freshwater eukaryotic algae having the chlorophyll masked by brown or yellow pigment; yellow-green and golden-brown algae and diatoms: Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Bacillariophyceae; some classification systems superseded or subsumed by Heterokontophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae having the pigments chlorophyll and carotene and xanthophyll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-green algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any alga of the division Chrysophyta with its chlorophyll masked by yellow pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysophyceae", + "class Chrysophyceae", + "Heterokontae", + "class Heterokontae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the yellow-green algae having flagella of unequal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthophyceae", + "class Xanthophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacillariophyceae", + "class Bacillariophyceae", + "Diatomophyceae", + "class Diatomophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine and freshwater eukaryotic algae: diatoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diatom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopic unicellular marine or freshwater colonial alga having cell walls impregnated with silica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterotrichales", + "order Heterotrichales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-green algae with simple or branching filaments; comprising the single family Tribonemaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tribonemaceae", + "family Tribonemaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simple filamentous freshwater yellow-green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tribonema", + "genus Tribonema", + "genus Conferva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Tribonemaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conferva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various algae of the genus Tribonema; algae with branching filaments that form scum in still or stagnant fresh water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confervoid algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae resembling confervae especially in having branching filaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaeophyceae", + "class Phaeophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown algae; mostly marine and littoral eukaryotic algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaeophyta", + "division Phaeophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with class Phaeophyceae; in some classifications subsumed in the division Heterokontophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown algae" + ], + "it": [ + "feoficee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae having the chlorophyll masked by brown and yellow pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laminariales", + "order Laminariales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications coextensive with family Laminariaceae: marine brown algae of cold or polar seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laminariaceae", + "family Laminariaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of marine brown algae including many economically important large kelps chiefly of northern waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laminaria", + "genus Laminaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Laminariaceae: perennial brown kelps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kelp" + ], + "it": [ + "fuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brown seaweeds having fluted leathery fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea tangle", + "tang" + ], + "it": [ + "laminaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various kelps especially of the genus Laminaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tang", + "sea tang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various coarse seaweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fucales", + "order Fucales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Fucaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclosporeae", + "class Cyclosporeae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in more recent classifications superseded by the order Fucales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fucaceae", + "family Fucaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of brown algae: gulfweeds; rockweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fucoid", + "fucoid algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various algae of the family Fucaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fucoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fossilized cast or impression of algae of the order Fucales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse brown seaweed growing on rocks exposed at low tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Fucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Fucaceae: cartilaginous brown algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the genus Fucus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serrated wrack", + "Fucus serratus", + "tang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown algae seaweed with serrated edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderwrack", + "black rockweed", + "bladder fucus", + "tang", + "Fucus vesiculosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common rockweed used in preparing kelp and as manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascophyllum", + "genus Ascophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown algae distinguished by compressed or inflated branchlets along the axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderwrack", + "Ascophyllum nodosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to and found with black rockweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sargassum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulfweed", + "sargassum", + "sargasso", + "Sargassum bacciferum" + ], + "it": [ + "sargasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown algae with rounded bladders forming dense floating masses in tropical Atlantic waters as in the Sargasso Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euglenophyta", + "division Euglenophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming flagellate algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euglenophyceae", + "class Euglenophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the division Euglenophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euglenaceae", + "family Euglenaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Euglena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Euglenaceae: green algae with a single flagellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euglena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute single-celled green freshwater organism having a single flagella; often classed as algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euglenoid", + "euglenophyte", + "euglenid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine and freshwater green or colorless flagellate organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophyta", + "division Chlorophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large division of chiefly freshwater eukaryotic algae that possess chlorophyll a and b, store food as starch, and cellulose cell walls; classes Chlorophyceae, Ulvophyceae, and Charophyceae; obviously ancestral to land plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophyceae", + "class Chlorophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae distinguished chiefly by having flagella and a clear green color, their chlorophyll being masked little if at all by other pigments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green algae", + "chlorophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "algae that are clear green in color; often growing on wet ricks or damp wood or the surface of stagnant water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulvophyceae", + "class Ulvophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative name for the class Chlorophyceae in some classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulvales", + "order Ulvales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulvaceae", + "family Ulvaceae", + "sea-lettuce family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin flat or tubular green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulva", + "genus Ulva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ulvaceae; green seaweed having a thallus two cells thick: sea lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lettuce", + "laver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seaweed with edible translucent crinkly green fronds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvocales", + "order Volvocales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly freshwater green algae; solitary or colonial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvocaceae", + "family Volvocaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unicellular or colonial biflagellate free-swimming flagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volvox", + "genus Volvox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Volvocaceae; minute pale green flagellates occurring in tiny spherical colonies; minute flagella rotate the colony about an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydomonadaceae", + "family Chlamydomonadaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green algae some of which are colored red by hematochrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydomonas", + "genus Chlamydomonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chlamydomonadaceae; solitary doubly-flagellated plant-like algae common in fresh water and damp soil; multiply freely; often a pest around filtration plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygnematales", + "order Zygnematales", + "Zygnemales", + "order Zygnemales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pond scums; desmids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygnemataceae", + "family Zygnemataceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pond scums: common freshwater algae forming green slimy masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygnema", + "genus Zygnema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Zygnemataceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond scum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-floating freshwater green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Spirogyra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirogyra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater algae consisting of minute filaments containing spiral chlorophyll bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorococcales", + "order Chlorococcales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unicellular green algae that reproduce by spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorococcum", + "genus Chlorococcum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Chlorococcales; unicellular green algae occurring singly or in a layer on soil or damp rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chlorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonmotile unicellular green algae potentially important as source of high-grade protein and B-complex vitamins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any alga of the genus Chlorella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oedogoniales", + "order oedogoniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simple or branched filamentous freshwater green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oedogoniaceae", + "family Oedogoniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filamentous green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oedogonium", + "genus Oedogonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Oedogoniaceae; freshwater green algae having long unbranched filaments; usually free-floating when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charophyceae", + "class Charophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications: contains only the order Charales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charales", + "order Charales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of macroscopic fresh and brackish water algae with a distinct axis: stoneworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Characeae", + "family Characeae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green algae superficially resembling horsetail ferns: stoneworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various submerged aquatic algae of the genus Chara having nodes with whorled filamentlike branches; usually encrusted with calcium carbonate deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chara", + "genus Chara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green algae common in freshwater lakes of limestone districts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nitella", + "genus Nitella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragile branching stoneworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmidiaceae", + "family Desmidiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unicellular algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmidium", + "genus Desmidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desmid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater green algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodophyta", + "division Rhodophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower plants; mostly marine and littoral eukaryotic algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodophyceae", + "class Rhodophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the Rhodophyta: red algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red algae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine algae in which the chlorophyll is masked by a red or purplish pigment; source of agar and carrageenan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea moss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various red algae having graceful rose to purple fronds (e.g. dulse or carrageen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gigartinaceae", + "family Gigartinaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chondrus", + "genus Chondrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish moss", + "carrageen", + "carageen", + "carragheen", + "Chondrus crispus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark purple edible seaweed of the Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodymeniaceae", + "family Rhodymeniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodymenia", + "genus Rhodymenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Rhodymeniaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dulse", + "Rhodymenia palmata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse edible red seaweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangiaceae", + "family Bangiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porphyra", + "genus Porphyra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red laver", + "laver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible red seaweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eukaryote", + "eucaryote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism with cells characteristic of all life forms except primitive microorganisms such as bacteria; i.e. an organism with `good' or membrane-bound nuclei in its cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prokaryote", + "procaryote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei; bacteria are the prime example but also included are blue-green algae and actinomycetes and mycoplasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zooid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the distinct individuals forming a colonial animal such as a bryozoan or hydrozoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastigophora", + "class Mastigophora", + "Flagellata", + "class Flagellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protozoa having flagella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellate", + "flagellate protozoan", + "flagellated protozoan", + "mastigophoran", + "mastigophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually nonphotosynthetic free-living protozoan with whiplike appendages; some are pathogens of humans and other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinoflagellata", + "order Dinoflagellata", + "Cilioflagellata", + "order Cilioflagellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a phylum of the kingdom Protista; in others included in the plant phylum Pyrrophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinoflagellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly marine protozoa having two flagella; a chief constituent of plankton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Noctiluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noctiluca", + "Noctiluca miliaris" + ], + "it": [ + "noctiluca", + "nottiluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bioluminescent marine protozoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peridiniidae", + "family Peridiniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine and freshwater dinoflagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peridinium", + "genus Peridinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Peridiniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peridinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellate with a thick test composed of plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoomastigina", + "subclass Zoomastigina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a phylum of the kingdom Protista; holozoic or saprozoic flagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leishmania", + "genus Leishmania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellate protozoan that causes leishmaniasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoomastigote", + "zooflagellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellate protozoan lacking photosynthesis and other plant-like characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypermastigina", + "order Hypermastigina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cellulose-producing flagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypermastigote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellate symbiotic in the intestines of e.g. termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polymastigina", + "order Polymastigina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually parasitic flagellates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymastigote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellates with several flagella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Costia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of flagellate protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costia", + "Costia necatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flagellate that is the cause of the frequently fatal fish disease costiasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Giardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellates parasitic in intestines of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giardia" + ], + "it": [ + "lamblia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspected cause of diarrhea in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilomastix", + "genus Chilomastix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellates parasitic in intestines of vertebrates including humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexamita", + "genus Hexamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellates free-living or parasitic in intestines of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Trichomonas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagellates parasitic in alimentary or genitourinary tracts of vertebrates and invertebrates including humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichomonad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause of trichomoniasis in women and cattle and birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytomastigina", + "subclass Phytomastigina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plantlike flagellates containing chlorophyll; often considered unicellular algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantlike flagellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unicellular organisms having many characteristics of typical algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptophyta", + "phylum Cryptophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phylum in the kingdom Protoctista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptophyceae", + "class Cryptophyceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motile usually brownish-green protozoa-like algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptomonad", + "cryptophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common in fresh and salt water appearing along the shore as algal blooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sporozoa", + "class Sporozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strictly parasitic protozoans that are usually immobile; includes plasmodia and coccidia and piroplasms and malaria parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporozoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic spore-forming protozoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporozoite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the minute active bodies into which sporozoans divide in one stage of their life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophozoite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sporozoan in the active feeding stage of its life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merozoite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that arises from the asexual division of a parent sporozoan during its life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telosporidia", + "subclass Telosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic sporozoans that form spores containing one or more infective sporozoites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccidia", + "order Coccidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Telosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eimeriidae", + "family Eimeriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of protoctist in the order Coccidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Eimeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Eimeriidae; includes serious pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccidium", + "eimeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic on the digestive epithelium of vertebrates and higher invertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregarinida", + "order Gregarinida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Telosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gregarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vermiform protozoans parasitic in insects and other invertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemosporidia", + "order Haemosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Telosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haemosporidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute protozoans parasitic at some stage of the life cycle in blood cells of vertebrates including many pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plasmodiidae", + "family Plasmodiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malaria parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Plasmodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Plasmodiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmodium", + "Plasmodium vivax", + "malaria parasite" + ], + "it": [ + "plasmodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic protozoan of the genus Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemoproteidae", + "family Haemoproteidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haemoproteid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "related to malaria parasite and having a phase in the viscera of various birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemoproteus", + "genus Haemoproteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Haemoproteidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Leucocytozoon", + "genus Leucocytozoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of protoctist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leucocytozoan", + "leucocytozoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic in birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babesiidae", + "family Babesiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piroplasms and cattle pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Babesia", + "genus Piroplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Babesiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piroplasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute parasite of red blood cells of mammals transmitted by a tick and causing diseases of domestic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acnidosporidia", + "subclass Acnidosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subclass of Sporozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcosporidia", + "order Sarcosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imperfectly known parasites of the muscles of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcocystis", + "genus Sarcocystis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief genus of the order Sarcosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcosporidian", + "sarcocystidean", + "sarcocystieian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasite of the muscles of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haplosporidia", + "order Haplosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Acnidosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haplosporidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasite in invertebrates and lower vertebrates of no known economic importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cnidosporidia", + "subclass Cnidosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single-host parasites of lower vertebrates and invertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinomyxidia", + "order Actinomyxidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasites of worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinomyxidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasites of worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycrosporidia", + "order Mycrosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Cnidosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsporidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasite of arthropods and fishes that invade and destroy host cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxosporidia", + "order Myxosporidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order in the subclass Cnidosporidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myxosporidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly parasitic in fishes and including various serious pathogens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudopod", + "pseudopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary outgrowth used by some microorganisms as an organ of feeding or locomotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmodium" + ], + "it": [ + "plasmodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multinucleate sheet of cytoplasm characteristic of some stages of such organisms as slime molds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malacopterygii", + "superorder Malacopterygii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive group of teleost fishes having fins supported by flexible cartilaginous rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-finned fish", + "malacopterygian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish of the superorder Malacopterygii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostariophysi", + "order Ostariophysi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a superorder comprising the Cypriniformes and the Siluriformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various families of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various genus of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypriniformes", + "order Cypriniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of animals including almost entirely freshwater fishes: characins; loaches; carp; suckers; sometimes classified as a suborder of Ostariophysi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypriniform fish" + ], + "it": [ + "cipriniforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft-finned fish of the order Cypriniformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cobitidae", + "family Cobitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender freshwater fishes of Eurasia and Africa resembling catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyprinidae", + "family Cyprinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish including: carp; tench; roach; rudd; dace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyprinid", + "cyprinid fish" + ], + "it": [ + "ciprinide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-finned mainly freshwater fishes typically having toothless jaws and cycloid scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyprinus", + "genus Cyprinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cyprinidae: carp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic carp", + "Cyprinus carpio" + ], + "it": [ + "carpa", + "carpa comune", + "regina", + "Cyprinus carpio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Old World freshwater bottom-feeding fish introduced into Europe from Asia; inhabits ponds and sluggish streams and often raised for food; introduced into United States where it has become a pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather carp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scaleless domestic carp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror carp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic carp with some large shining scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abramis", + "genus Abramis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European bream", + "Abramis brama" + ], + "it": [ + "Abramis brama", + "abramide", + "brama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European freshwater fish having a flattened body and silvery scales; of little value as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinca", + "genus Tinca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tench", + "Tinca tinca" + ], + "it": [ + "Tinca tinca", + "tinca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater dace-like game fish of Europe and western Asia noted for ability to survive outside water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leuciscus", + "genus Leuciscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish including: dace, chub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dace", + "Leuciscus leuciscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European freshwater fish with a slender bluish-green body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chub", + "Leuciscus cephalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Leuciscus cephalus", + "cavedano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European freshwater game fish with a thick spindle-shaped body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small silvery North American cyprinid fishes especially of the genus Notropis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notropis", + "genus Notropis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shiners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerald shiner", + "Notropis atherinoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blunt-nosed fish of Great Lakes and Mississippi valley with a greenish luster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common shiner", + "silversides", + "Notropis cornutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common North American shiner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notemigonus", + "genus Notemigonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden shiners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden shiner", + "Notemigonus crysoleucas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shiner of eastern North America having golden glints; sometimes also called `bream'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutilus", + "genus Rutilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach", + "Rutilus rutilus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rutilus rutilus", + "rutilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European freshwater food fish having a greenish back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scardinius", + "genus Scardinius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rudds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudd", + "Scardinius erythrophthalmus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scardinius erythrophthalmus", + "scardola", + "scardova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European freshwater fish resembling the roach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoxinus", + "genus Phoxinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minnows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minnow", + "Phoxinus phoxinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Phoxinus phoxinus", + "sanguinerola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small European freshwater fish common in gravelly streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gobio", + "genus Gobio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true gudgeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gudgeon", + "Gobio gobio" + ], + "it": [ + "Gobio gobio", + "gobione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender European freshwater fish often used as bait by anglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carassius", + "genus Carassius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goldfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldfish", + "Carassius auratus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carassius auratus", + "carassio dorato pesce rosso", + "pesce rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small golden or orange-red freshwater fishes of Eurasia used as pond or aquarium fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery variety of Carassius auratus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucian carp", + "Carassius carassius", + "Carassius vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Carassius carassius", + "carassio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European carp closely resembling wild goldfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Electrophoridae", + "family Electrophoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family comprising the electric eels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Electrophorus", + "genus Electrophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Electrophoridae; electric eels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric eel", + "Electrophorus electric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eel-shaped freshwater fish of South America having electric organs in its body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catostomidae", + "family Catostomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suckers; closely related to the family Cyprinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catostomid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cypriniform fish of the family Catostomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly North American freshwater fishes with a thick-lipped mouth for feeding by suction; related to carps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catostomus", + "genus Catostomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Catostomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ictiobus", + "genus Ictiobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buffalo fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo fish", + "buffalofish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large suckers of the Mississippi valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black buffalo", + "Ictiobus niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of the lower Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypentelium", + "genus Hypentelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Catostomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog sucker", + "hog molly", + "Hypentelium nigricans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in warm clear shallow streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxostoma", + "genus Maxostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Catostomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redhorse", + "redhorse sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American sucker with reddish fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyprinodontidae", + "family Cyprinodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of small soft-finned fishes; killifishes; flagfishes; swordtails; guppies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyprinodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the family Cyprinodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killifish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mostly marine warm-water carp-like schooling fishes; used as bait or aquarium fishes or in mosquito control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fundulus", + "genus Fundulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killifish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummichog", + "Fundulus heteroclitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silver-and-black killifish of saltwater marshes along the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped killifish", + "mayfish", + "may fish", + "Fundulus majalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-barred fish of bays and coastal marshes of the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rivulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killifish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in small streams of tropical America; often kept in aquariums; usually hermaphroditic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordanella", + "genus Jordanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagfish", + "American flagfish", + "Jordanella floridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish with a dark-blue back and whitish sides with red stripes; found in swamps and streams of Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xyphophorus", + "genus Xyphophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swordtails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swordtail", + "helleri", + "topminnow", + "Xyphophorus helleri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater fish of Central America having a long swordlike tail; popular aquarium fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lebistes", + "genus Lebistes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guppies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guppy", + "rainbow fish", + "Lebistes reticulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater fish of South America and the West Indies; often kept in aquariums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poeciliidae", + "family Poeciliidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "topminnows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topminnow", + "poeciliid fish", + "poeciliid", + "live-bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually brightly-colored viviparous surface-feeding fishes of fresh or brackish warm waters; often used in mosquito control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambusia", + "genus Gambusia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosquitofish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosquitofish", + "Gambusia affinis" + ], + "it": [ + "Gambusia affinis", + "gambusia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery topminnow with rows of black spots of tropical North America and West Indies; important in mosquito control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platypoecilus", + "genus Platypoecilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platy", + "Platypoecilus maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small stocky Mexican fish; popular aquarium fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mollienesia", + "genus Mollienesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mollies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollie", + "molly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular aquarium fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berycomorphi", + "order Berycomorphi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of spiny-finned fish in the superorder Acanthopterygii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocentridae", + "family Holocentridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squirrelfishes and soldierfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocentrus", + "genus Holocentrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Holocentridae; squirrelfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrelfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small, brightly colored (especially red) nocturnal fishes of shallow waters or tropical reefs; they make sounds like a squirrel's bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef squirrelfish", + "Holocentrus coruscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "on reefs from Bermuda and Florida to northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepwater squirrelfish", + "Holocentrus bullisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squirrelfish found from South Carolina to Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocentrus ascensionis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright red fish of West Indies and Bermuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldierfish", + "soldier-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larger squirrelfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anomalopidae", + "family Anomalopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish including: flashlight fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anomalops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Anomalopidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomalops", + "flashlight fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish having a luminous organ beneath eye; of warm waters of the western Pacific and Puerto Rico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krypterophaneron", + "genus Krypterophaneron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Anomalopidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Photoblepharon", + "genus Photoblepharon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Anomalopidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashlight fish", + "Photoblepharon palpebratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of deep dark waters having a light organ below each eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeomorphi", + "order Zeomorphi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeidae", + "family Zeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish in the order Zeomorphi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine fishes widely distributed in mid-waters and deep slope waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeus", + "genus Zeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Zeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Dory", + "Zeus faber" + ], + "it": [ + "Zeus faber", + "pesce San Pietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European dory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caproidae", + "family Caproidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boarfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capros", + "genus Capros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Caproidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarfish", + "Capros aper" + ], + "it": [ + "Capros aper", + "pesce tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with a projecting snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antigonia", + "genus Antigonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Caproidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with large eyes and long snouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solenichthyes", + "order Solenichthyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellows fishes; shrimpfishes; cornetfishes; pipefishes; small order of chiefly tropical marine fishes of varied and bizarre form all having a small mouth at the end of a drawn-out tubular snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fistulariidae", + "family Fistulariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornetfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fistularia", + "genus Fistularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Fistulariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornetfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender tropical fish with a long tubular snout and bony plates instead of scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasterosteidae", + "family Gasterosteidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sticklebacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickleback", + "prickleback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small (2-4 inches) pugnacious mostly scaleless spiny-backed fishes of northern fresh and littoral waters having elaborate courtship; subjects of much research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasterosteus", + "genus gasterosteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Gasterosteidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-spined stickleback", + "Gasterosteus aculeatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gasterosteus aculeatus", + "spinarello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of rivers and coastal regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ten-spined stickleback", + "Gasterosteus pungitius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confined to rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syngnathidae", + "family Syngnathidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pipefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipefish", + "needlefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with long tubular snout and slim body covered with bony plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syngnathus", + "genus Syngnathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Syngnathidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf pipefish", + "Syngnathus hildebrandi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small (4 inches) fish found off the Florida Gulf Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cosmocampus", + "genus Cosmocampus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish in the family Syngnathidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepwater pipefish", + "Cosmocampus profundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish 8 inches long; found from eastern Florida to western Caribbean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippocampus", + "genus Hippocampus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seahorses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seahorse", + "sea horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalluccio marino", + "ippocampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fish with horse-like heads bent sharply downward and curled tails; swim in upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrorhamphosidae", + "family Macrorhamphosidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellows fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snipefish", + "bellows fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling fish of warm seas having a compressed body and a long snout with a toothless mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centriscidae", + "family Centriscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimpfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimpfish", + "shrimp-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender tropical shallow-water East Indian fish covered with transparent plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aulostomidae", + "family Aulostomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trumpetfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aulostomus", + "genus Aulostomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aulostomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpetfish", + "Aulostomus maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Atlantic fish with a long snout; swims snout down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytostome" + ], + "it": [ + "citostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mouth of a protozoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cilium" + ], + "it": [ + "ciglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairlike projection from the surface of a cell; provides locomotion in free-swimming unicellular organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellum" + ], + "it": [ + "flagello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lash-like appendage used for locomotion (e.g., in sperm cells and some bacteria and protozoa)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ of excretion in flatworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer layer or covering of an organ or part or organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin protective membrane in some protozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryo", + "conceptus", + "fertilized egg" + ], + "it": [ + "embrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that in higher forms merge into fetal stages but in lower forms terminate in commencement of larval life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastocoel", + "blastocoele", + "blastocele", + "segmentation cavity", + "cleavage cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fluid-filled cavity inside a blastula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastoderm", + "germinal disc", + "blastodisc", + "germinal area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of cells on the inside of the blastula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastomere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cell resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetus", + "foetus" + ], + "it": [ + "feto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of development showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monster", + "teras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a grossly malformed and usually nonviable fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abortus" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human fetus whose weight is less than 0.5 kilogram when removed or expelled from the mother's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg" + ], + "it": [ + "ovo", + "uovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal reproductive body consisting of an ovum or embryo together with nutritive and protective envelopes; especially the thin-shelled reproductive body laid by e.g. female birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovipositor" + ], + "it": [ + "ovopositore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-laying tubular structure at the end of the abdomen in many female insects and some fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalaza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two spiral bands of tissue connecting the egg yolk to the enclosing membrane at either end of the shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nit" + ], + "it": [ + "lendine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg or young of an insect parasitic on mammals especially a sucking louse; often attached to a hair or item of clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spawn" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mass of eggs deposited by fish or amphibians or molluscs" + ], + "it": [ + "(massa di) uova prodotte da pesci o rane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eggs or egg-laden ovary of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the egg mass or spawn of certain crustaceans such as the lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastula", + "blastosphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early stage of an embryo produced by cleavage of an ovum; a liquid-filled sphere whose wall is composed of a single layer of cells; during this stage (about eight days after fertilization) implantation in the wall of the uterus occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastocyst", + "blastodermic vessicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blastula of a placental mammal in which some differentiation of cells has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophoblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the membrane that forms the wall of the blastocyst in early development; aids implantation in the uterine wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrula" + ], + "it": [ + "gastrula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "double-walled stage of the embryo resulting from invagination of the blastula; the outer layer of cells is the ectoderm and the inner layer differentiates into the mesoderm and endoderm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid mass of blastomeres that forms when the zygote splits; develops into the blastula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archenteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "central cavity of the gastrula; becomes the intestinal or digestive cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastopore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening into the archenteron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer" + ], + "it": [ + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryonic tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue in an embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ layer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(embryology) any of the 3 layers of cells differentiated in embryos following gastrulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectoderm", + "exoderm", + "ectoblast" + ], + "it": [ + "ectoderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer germ layer that develops into skin and nervous tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neural tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube of ectodermal tissue in the embryo from which the brain and spinal cord develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i42999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesoderm", + "mesoblast" + ], + "it": [ + "mesoderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle germ layer that develops into muscle and bone and cartilage and blood and connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chordamesoderm", + "chordomesoderm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of mesoderm that forms the notochord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesenchyme" + ], + "it": [ + "mesenchima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mesodermal tissue that forms connective tissue and blood and smooth muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoderm", + "entoderm", + "endoblast", + "entoblast", + "hypoblast" + ], + "it": [ + "endoderma", + "entoderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkworm seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs of a silkworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yolk", + "vitellus" + ], + "it": [ + "deutoplasma", + "rosso", + "tuorlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutritive material of an ovum stored for the nutrition of an embryo (especially the yellow mass of a bird or reptile egg)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yolk sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membranous structure enclosing the yolk of eggs in birds, reptiles, marsupials, and some fishes; circulates nutrients to the developing embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yolk sac", + "vitelline sac", + "umbilical vesicle", + "vesicula umbilicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membranous structure that functions as the circulatory system in mammalian embryos until the heart becomes functional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fang" + ], + "it": [ + "dente velenifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow or grooved tooth of a venomous snake; used to inject its poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fang" + ], + "it": [ + "zanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canine tooth of a carnivorous animal; used to seize and tear its prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tusk" + ], + "it": [ + "zanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long pointed tooth specialized for fighting or digging; especially in an elephant or walrus or hog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chordata", + "phylum Chordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises true vertebrates and animals having a notochord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chordate" + ], + "it": [ + "cordato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column" + ], + "it": [ + "animale del philum Chordata caratterizzato dalla presenza della corda dorsale, o notacorda, in almeno una delle fasi dell'evoluzione ontogenetica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notochord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urochord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notochord of a larval tunicate typically confined to the caudal region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chordate family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any family in the phylum Chordata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chordate genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any genus in the phylum Chordata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalochordata", + "subphylum Cephalochordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lancelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalochordate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish-like animals having a notochord rather than a true spinal column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphioxidae", + "family Amphioxidae", + "Branchiostomidae", + "family Branchiostomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lancelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amphioxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Amphioxidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancelet", + "amphioxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small translucent lancet-shaped burrowing marine animal; primitive forerunner of the vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urochordata", + "subphylum Urochordata", + "Urochorda", + "subphylum Urochorda", + "Tunicata", + "subphylum Tunicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tunicates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunicate", + "urochordate", + "urochord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive marine animal having a saclike unsegmented body and a urochord that is conspicuous in the larva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascidiaceae", + "class Ascidiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes classified as an order: sea squirts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascidian" + ], + "it": [ + "ascidiaceo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute sedentary marine invertebrate having a saclike body with siphons through which water enters and leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siphon", + "syphon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular organ in an aquatic animal (especially in mollusks) through which water can be taken in or expelled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea squirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascidian that can contract its body and eject streams of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thaliacea", + "class Thaliacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small class of free-swimming tunicates; sometimes classified as an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salpidae", + "family Salpidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small family of tunicates in the class Thaliacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Salpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type (perhaps sole) genus of the Salpidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salp", + "salpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute floating marine tunicate having a transparent body with an opening at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doliolidae", + "family Doliolidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oceanic tunicates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Doliolum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Doliolidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doliolum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming oceanic tunicate with a barrel-shaped transparent body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Larvacea", + "class Larvacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small free-swimming tunicates; sometimes classified as an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larvacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the class Larvacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Appendicularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of chordates in the class Larvacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming tadpole-shaped pelagic tunicate resembling larvae of other tunicates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascidian tadpole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming larva of ascidians; they have a tail like a tadpole that contains the notochord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vertebrata", + "subphylum Vertebrata", + "Craniata", + "subphylum Craniata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes; amphibians; reptiles; birds; mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebrate", + "craniate" + ], + "it": [ + "vertebrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium" + ], + "it": [ + "animale caratterizzato da uno scheletro osseo o cartilaginoso, una colonna vertebrale segmentata, e un cervello di grandi dimensioni contenuto nel cranio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amniota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals) possessing an amnion during development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amniote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the Amniota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnion", + "amniotic sac", + "amnios" + ], + "it": [ + "amnio", + "amnios" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost membranous sac enclosing the embryo in higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorionic villus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the tiny villi that stick out of the fetal chorion and combine with the mother's uterine tissue to form the placenta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allantois" + ], + "it": [ + "allantoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vascular fetal membrane that lies below the chorion and develops from the hindgut in many embryonic higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorioallantois", + "chorioallantoic membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the very vascular fetal membrane composed of the fused chorion and adjacent wall of the allantois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic vertebrate" + ], + "it": [ + "vertebrato acquatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal living wholly or chiefly in or on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agnatha", + "superclass Agnatha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superclass of eel-shaped chordates lacking jaws and pelvic fins: lampreys; hagfishes; some extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jawless vertebrate", + "jawless fish", + "agnathan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eel-shaped vertebrate without jaws or paired appendages including the cyclostomes and some extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostracodermi", + "order Ostracodermi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct group of armored jawless vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostracoderm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct fish-like jawless vertebrate having a heavily armored body; of the Paleozoic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterostraci", + "suborder Heterostraci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct group of armored jawless fishes or fish-like vertebrate; taxonomy is not clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterostracan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct jawless fish with the anterior part of the body covered with bony plates; of the Silurian and Devonian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osteostraci", + "suborder Osteostraci", + "Cephalaspida", + "suborder Cephalaspida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct group of armored fish-like vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteostracan", + "cephalaspid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct jawless fish of the Devonian with armored head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaspida", + "order Anaspida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct order of jawless vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaspid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct small freshwater jawless fish usually having a heterocercal tail and an armored head; of the Silurian and Devonian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conodonta", + "order Conodonta", + "Conodontophorida", + "order Conodontophorida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct order of primitive vertebrates; the precise taxonomy is not clear; in some classifications considered a separate phylum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small (2 inches long) extinct eellike fish with a finned tail and a notochord and having cone-shaped teeth containing cellular bone; late Cambrian to late Triassic; possible predecessor of the cyclostomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tiny fossil cone-shaped tooth of a primitive vertebrate of order Conodonta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclostomata", + "order Cyclostomata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys; hagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclostome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive aquatic vertebrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petromyzoniformes", + "suborder Petromyzoniformes", + "Hyperoartia", + "suborder Hyperoartia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lampreys as distinguished from hagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petromyzontidae", + "family Petromyzontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lampreys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamprey", + "lamprey eel", + "lamper eel" + ], + "it": [ + "lampreda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive eellike freshwater or anadromous cyclostome having round sucking mouth with a rasping tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petromyzon", + "genus Petromyzon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical lampreys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lamprey", + "Petromyzon marinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Petromyzon marinus", + "lampreda di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large anadromous lamprey sometimes used as food; destructive of native fish fauna in the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxiniformes", + "suborder Myxiniformes", + "Hyperotreta", + "suborder Hyperotreta", + "Myxinoidei", + "Myxinoidea", + "suborder Myxinoidei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hagfishes as distinguished from lampreys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxinidae", + "family Myxinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slime-producing marine animals: hagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagfish", + "hag", + "slime eels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eellike cyclostome having a tongue with horny teeth in a round mouth surrounded by eight tentacles; feeds on dead or trapped fishes by boring into their bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxine", + "genus Myxine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Myxinidae (typical hagfishes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxine glutinosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Myxine glutinosa", + "missine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical hagfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Eptatretus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fossil fish of the family Myxinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eptatretus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fossil hagfish of the genus Eptatretus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxinikela", + "genus Myxinikela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil hagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxinikela siroka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil hagfish of the Pennsylvanian period (c. 300 million years ago) that resembled modern hagfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnathostomata", + "superclass Gnathostomata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising all vertebrates with upper and lower jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnathostome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertebrate animal possessing true jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Placodermi", + "class Placodermi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct group of bony-plated fishes with primitive jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placoderm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish-like vertebrate with bony plates on head and upper body; dominant in seas and rivers during the Devonian; considered the earliest vertebrate with jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chondrichthyes", + "class Chondrichthyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginous fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginous fish", + "chondrichthian" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce cartilagineo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes in which the skeleton may be calcified but not ossified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holocephali", + "subclass Holocephali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chimaeras and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holocephalan", + "holocephalian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with high compressed head and a body tapering off into a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimaeridae", + "family Chimaeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Holocephali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chimaera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chimaeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimaera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep-sea fish with a tapering body, smooth skin, and long threadlike tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbitfish", + "Chimaera monstrosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Chimaera monstrosa", + "chimera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European chimaera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elasmobranchii", + "subclass Elasmobranchii", + "Selachii", + "subclass Selachii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharks; rays; dogfishes; skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elasmobranch", + "selachian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fishes of the class Chondrichthyes characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton and placoid scales: sharks; rays; skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce cane", + "pescecane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexanchidae", + "family Hexanchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexanchus", + "genus Hexanchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hexanchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow shark", + "six-gilled shark", + "Hexanchus griseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hexanchus griseus", + "capopiatto", + "squalo capopiatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive shark widely distributed in warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamnidae", + "family Lamnidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oceanic sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isuridae", + "family Isuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications another name for the family Lamnidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackerel shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fierce pelagic and oceanic sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamna", + "genus Lamna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lamnidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porbeagle", + "Lamna nasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lamna nasus", + "smeriglio", + "smeriglio Atlantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voracious pointed-nose shark of northern Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isurus", + "genus Isurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mako sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mako", + "mako shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerful mackerel shark of the Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortfin mako", + "Isurus oxyrhincus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very swift active bluish shark found worldwide in warm waters; important game fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longfin mako", + "Isurus paucus" + ], + "it": [ + "Isurus paucus", + "mako pinna lunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to shortfin mako but darker blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonito shark", + "blue pointed", + "Isurus glaucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common blue-grey shark of southwest Pacific; sport and food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carcharodon", + "genus Carcharodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man-eating sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great white shark", + "white shark", + "man-eater", + "man-eating shark", + "Carcharodon carcharias" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharodon carcharias", + "grande squalo bianco", + "pesce cane", + "pescecane", + "squalo bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large aggressive shark widespread in warm seas; known to attack humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetorhinus", + "genus Cetorhinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising only the basking sharks; in some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family Cetorhinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetorhinidae", + "family Cetorhinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some older classifications considered the family of the basking sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basking shark", + "Cetorhinus maximus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cetorhinus maximus", + "squalo elefante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large harmless plankton-eating northern shark; often swims slowly or floats at the sea surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alopiidae", + "family Alopiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thresher sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alopius", + "genus Alopius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Alopiidae; in some classifications considered a genus of the family Lamnidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thresher", + "thrasher", + "thresher shark", + "fox shark", + "Alopius vulpinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pelagic shark of warm seas with a whiplike tail used to round up small fish on which to feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orectolobidae", + "family Orectolobidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nurse sharks and carpet sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orectolobus", + "genus Orectolobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpet sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet shark", + "Orectolobus barbatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shark of the western Pacific with flattened body and mottled skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ginglymostoma", + "genus Ginglymostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nurse sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse shark", + "Ginglymostoma cirratum" + ], + "it": [ + "Ginglymostoma cirratum", + "squalo nutrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling shark of warm shallow waters on both coasts of North America and South America and from southeast Asia to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carchariidae", + "family Carchariidae", + "Odontaspididae", + "family Odontaspididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand sharks; in some classifications coextensive with family Carcharhinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carcharias", + "genus Carcharias", + "Odontaspis", + "genus Odontaspis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Carchariidae: sand sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand tiger", + "sand shark", + "Carcharias taurus", + "Odontaspis taurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharias taurus", + "squalo toro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shallow-water shark with sharp jagged teeth found on both sides of Atlantic; sometimes dangerous to swimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhincodontidae", + "family Rhincodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small-toothed sharks comprising only one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhincodon", + "genus Rhincodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whale sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale shark", + "Rhincodon typus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rhincodon typus", + "squalo balena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large spotted shark of warm surface waters worldwide; resembles a whale and feeds chiefly on plankton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scyliorhinidae", + "family Scyliorhinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling sharks with cat-like eyes; found along continental slopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carcharhinidae", + "family Carcharhinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest family of living sharks; found worldwide especially in tropical waters; dorsal fin lacks spines: requiem sharks including tiger sharks and soupfin sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requiem shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous sharks from small relatively harmless bottom-dwellers to large dangerous oceanic and coastal species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carcharhinus", + "genus Carcharhinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Carcharhinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull shark", + "cub shark", + "Carcharhinus leucas" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharhinus leucas", + "zambezi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a most common shark in temperate and tropical coastal waters worldwide; heavy-bodied and dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbar shark", + "Carcharhinus plumbeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharhinus plumbeus", + "squalo grigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most common grey shark along coasts of middle Atlantic states; sluggish and occasionally caught by fishermen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacktip shark", + "sandbar shark", + "Carcharhinus limbatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharhinus limbatus", + "pinna nera minore", + "squalo orlato", + "squalo pinne nere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed shallow-water shark with fins seemingly dipped in ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitetip shark", + "oceanic whitetip shark", + "white-tipped shark", + "Carcharinus longimanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deep-water shark with white-tipped dorsal fin; worldwide distribution; most dangerous shark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusky shark", + "Carcharhinus obscurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carcharhinus obscurus", + "squalo bruno", + "squalo scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively slender blue-grey shark; nearly worldwide in tropical and temperate waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Negaprion", + "genus Negaprion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lemon sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon shark", + "Negaprion brevirostris" + ], + "it": [ + "Negaprion brevirostris", + "squalo limone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common shallow-water schooling shark of the Atlantic from North Carolina to Brazil and off west Africa; dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prionace", + "genus Prionace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue shark", + "great blue shark", + "Prionace glauca" + ], + "it": [ + "Prionace glauca", + "squalo azzurro", + "verdesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender cosmopolitan, pelagic shark; blue body shades to white belly; dangerous especially during maritime disasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galeocerdo", + "genus Galeocerdo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiger sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger shark", + "Galeocerdo cuvieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dangerous warm-water shark with striped or spotted body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galeorhinus", + "genus Galeorhinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carcharhinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soupfin shark", + "soupfin", + "soup-fin", + "Galeorhinus zyopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific shark valued for its fins (used by Chinese in soup) and liver (rich in vitamin A)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triakidae", + "family Triakidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sharks with smooth skins and lacking spines on their dorsal fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mustelus", + "genus Mustelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth dogfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth dogfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling shark found along both Atlantic coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothhound", + "smoothhound shark", + "Mustelus mustelus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustelus mustelus", + "palombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth dogfish of European coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American smooth dogfish", + "Mustelus canis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found along the Atlantic coast of the Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida smoothhound", + "Mustelus norrisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found from the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triaenodon", + "genus Triaenodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Triakidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitetip shark", + "reef whitetip shark", + "Triaenodon obseus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth dogfish of Pacific and Indian Oceans and Red Sea having white-tipped dorsal and caudal fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squalidae", + "family Squalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dogfishes having a spine in each dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny dogfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bottom-dwelling dogfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squalus", + "genus Squalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny dogfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic spiny dogfish", + "Squalus acanthias" + ], + "it": [ + "Squalus acanthias", + "spinarolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive dogfish of the Atlantic coastal waters of America and Europe; widely used in anatomy classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific spiny dogfish", + "Squalus suckleyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dogfish of Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphyrnidae", + "family Sphyrnidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hammerhead sharks; bonnethead sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphyrna", + "genus Sphyrna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sphyrnidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammerhead", + "hammerhead shark" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce martello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized live-bearing shark with eyes at either end of a flattened hammer-shaped head; worldwide in warm waters; can be dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth hammerhead", + "Sphyrna zygaena" + ], + "it": [ + "Sphyrna zygaena", + "martello testa liscia", + "pesce martello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fished for the hides and vitamin-rich liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smalleye hammerhead", + "Sphyrna tudes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fished for the hide and vitamin-rich liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovelhead", + "bonnethead", + "bonnet shark", + "Sphyrna tiburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small harmless hammerhead having a spade-shaped head; abundant in bays and estuaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squatinidae", + "family Squatinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwelling ray-like sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squatina", + "genus Squatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Squatinidae: angel sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel shark", + "angelfish", + "Squatina squatina", + "monkfish" + ], + "it": [ + "Squatina squatina", + "angelo", + "pesce angelo", + "squadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharks with broad flat bodies and winglike pectoral fins but that swim the way sharks do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginous fishes having horizontally flattened bodies and enlarged winglike pectoral fins with gills on the underside; most swim by moving the pectoral fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torpediniformes", + "order Torpediniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rays with bodies shaped like torpedoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torpedinidae", + "family Torpedinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric ray", + "crampfish", + "numbfish", + "torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sluggish bottom-dwelling ray of the order Torpediniformes having a rounded body and electric organs on each side of the head capable of emitting strong electric discharges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rajiformes", + "order Rajiformes", + "Batoidei", + "order Batoidei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with dorsoventrally flattened bodies; includes: rays; skates; guitarfishes; sawfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pristidae", + "family Pristidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive rays with elongated snouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive ray with sharp teeth on each edge of a long flattened snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pristis", + "genus Pristis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pristidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smalltooth sawfish", + "Pristis pectinatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly found in tropical bays and estuaries; not aggressive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinobatidae", + "family Rhinobatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive rays with guitar-shaped bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guitarfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive tropical bottom-dwelling ray with a guitar-shaped body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyatidae", + "family Dasyatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sting rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stingray" + ], + "it": [ + "torpedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large venomous ray with large barbed spines near the base of a thin whiplike tail capable of inflicting severe wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyatis", + "genus Dasyatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dasyatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughtail stingray", + "Dasyatis centroura" + ], + "it": [ + "Dasyatis centroura", + "trigone spinoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the largest stingrays; found from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnura", + "genus Gymnura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfly rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stingray with a short tail and a broad fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myliobatidae", + "family Myliobatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eagle rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerful free-swimming tropical ray noted for `soaring' by flapping winglike fins; usually harmless but has venomous tissue near base of the tail as in stingrays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aetobatus", + "genus Aetobatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Myliobatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted eagle ray", + "spotted ray", + "Aetobatus narinari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ray with back covered with white or yellow spots; widely distributed in warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinoptera", + "genus Rhinoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Myliobatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cownose ray", + "cow-nosed ray", + "Rhinoptera bonasus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ray found along eastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobulidae", + "family Mobulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large rays lacking venomous spines: mantas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manta", + "manta ray", + "devilfish" + ], + "it": [ + "manta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely large pelagic tropical ray that feeds on plankton and small fishes; usually harmless but its size make it dangerous if harpooned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Manta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mobulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic manta", + "Manta birostris" + ], + "it": [ + "Manta birostris", + "diavolo di mare", + "manta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest manta (to 22 feet across wings); found worldwide but common in Gulf of Mexico and along southern coasts of United States; primarily oceanic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobula", + "genus Mobula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mobulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil ray", + "Mobula hypostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small manta (to 4 feet) that travels in schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rajidae", + "family Rajidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwelling tropical rays: skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skate" + ], + "it": [ + "razza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible rays having a long snout and thick tail with pectoral fins continuous with the head; swim by undulating the edges of the pectoral fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raja", + "genus Raja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Rajidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey skate", + "gray skate", + "Raja batis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European skate used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little skate", + "Raja erinacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most plentiful skate in North American inshore waters in summer; to 21 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorny skate", + "Raja radiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cold-water bottom fish with spines on the back; to 40 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barndoor skate", + "Raja laevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the largest skates (to 5 feet); an active skate easy to hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aves", + "class Aves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ornithology) the class of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird" + ], + "it": [ + "uccello", + "pennuto", + "volatile", + "volativo", + "volatio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dickeybird", + "dickey-bird", + "dickybird", + "dicky-bird" + ], + "it": [ + "uccellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bird; adults talking to children sometimes use these words to refer to small birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fledgling", + "fledgeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young bird that has just fledged or become capable of flying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nestling", + "baby bird" + ], + "it": [ + "uccellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young bird not yet fledged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an animal's body that corresponds to a person's chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an animal's body that corresponds to a person's throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamecock", + "fighting cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cock bred and trained for fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult female bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird that has built (or is building) a nest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird associated with night: owl; nightingale; nighthawk; etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night raven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird that cries at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird of passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird that migrates seasonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Protoavis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primitive birds of the Triassic period; 70 million years before archaeopteryx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoavis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most primitive avian type known; extinct bird of the Triassic having bird-like jaw and hollow limbs and breastbone with dinosaur-like tail and hind limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archaeornithes", + "subclass Archaeornithes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive reptile-like fossil birds of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Archaeopteryx", + "genus Archeopteryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fossil birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaeopteryx", + "archeopteryx", + "Archaeopteryx lithographica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primitive toothed bird of the Jurassic period having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sinornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fossil birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Jurassic period to the Cretaceous period having a keeled breastbone and vestigial tail; found in China; considered possibly the second most primitive of all birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ibero-mesornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fossil bird of the subclass Archaeornithes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ibero-mesornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Cretaceous period having a vestigial tail; found in Spain; considered possibly the third most primitive of all birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Archaeornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fossil bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaeornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratite", + "ratite bird", + "flightless bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches; cassowaries; emus; moas; rheas; kiwis; elephant birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carinate", + "carinate bird", + "flying bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds having keeled breastbones for attachment of flight muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ratitae", + "superorder Ratitae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications to include all ratite bird orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Struthioniformes", + "order Struthioniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratite bird order: ostriches and related extinct birds; known from the Pleistocene onward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Struthionidae", + "family Struthionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall terrestrial birds: ostriches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Struthio", + "genus Struthio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Struthionidae: African ostriches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostrich", + "Struthio camelus" + ], + "it": [ + "struzzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-running African flightless bird with two-toed feet; largest living bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casuariiformes", + "order Casuariiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratite bird order: cassowaries and emus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casuaridae", + "family Casuaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of large ostrich-like birds including cassowaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casuarius", + "genus Casuarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Casuaridae: cassowaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassowary" + ], + "it": [ + "casoario", + "casuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black flightless bird of Australia and New Guinea having a horny head crest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dromaius", + "genus Dromaius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds in the order Casuariiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emu", + "Dromaius novaehollandiae", + "Emu novaehollandiae" + ], + "it": [ + "emù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apterygiformes", + "order Apterygiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratite bird order: flightless ground birds having vestigial wings and long bills and small eyes: kiwis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apterygidae", + "family Apterygidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Apterygiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Apteryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Apterygidae: kiwis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiwi", + "apteryx" + ], + "it": [ + "kivi", + "kiwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal flightless bird of New Zealand having a long neck and stout legs; only surviving representative of the order Apterygiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rheiformes", + "order Rheiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratite bird order: birds intermediate in characteristics between ostriches and emus: recent and extinct rheas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rheidae", + "family Rheidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds coextensive with the order Rheiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rheidae; large tall flightless South American birds similar to but smaller than ostriches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhea", + "Rhea americana" + ], + "it": [ + "nandù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterocnemia", + "genus Pterocnemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds of the family Rheidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhea", + "nandu", + "Pterocnemia pennata" + ], + "it": [ + "nandù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Strait of Magellan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aepyorniformes", + "order Aepyorniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge extinct flightless birds: elephant birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aepyornidae", + "family Aepyornidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Aepyorniformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aepyornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aepyornidae: elephant birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant bird", + "aepyornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge (to 9 ft.) extinct flightless bird of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinornithiformes", + "order Dinornithiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ratite bird order: recently extinct flightless birds of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinornithidae", + "family Dinornithidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinornis", + "genus Dinornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dinornithidae: large moas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moa" + ], + "it": [ + "moa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct flightless bird of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant moa", + "Dinornis giganteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest moa; about 12 feet high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anomalopteryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomalopteryx", + "Anomalopteryx oweni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest moa; slender moa about the size of a large turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Insessores", + "order Insessores", + "perching bird", + "percher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird with feet adapted for perching (as on tree branches); this order is now generally abandoned by taxonomists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passeriformes", + "order Passeriformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest order of birds comprising about half the known species; rooks; finches; sparrows; tits; warblers; robins; wrens; swallows; etc.; the four suborders are Eurylaimi and Tyranni and Menurae and Oscines or Passeres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passerine", + "passeriform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perching birds mostly small and living near the ground with feet having 4 toes arranged to allow for gripping the perch; most are songbirds; hatchlings are helpless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonpasserine bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly arboreal birds especially of the order Coraciiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oscines", + "suborder Oscines", + "Passeres", + "suborder Passeres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two names for the suborder of typical songbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscine", + "oscine bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passerine bird having specialized vocal apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "songbird", + "songster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird having a musical call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meliphagidae", + "family Meliphagidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honey eaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey eater", + "honeysucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian bird with tongue and bill adapted for extracting nectar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prunellidae", + "family Prunellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hedge sparrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prunella", + "genus Prunella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Prunellidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sparrow-like songbird of mountainous regions of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge sparrow", + "sparrow", + "dunnock", + "Prunella modularis" + ], + "it": [ + "Prunella modularis", + "passera", + "passera scopaiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brownish European songbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaudidae", + "family Alaudidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lark" + ], + "it": [ + "allodola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous predominantly Old World birds noted for their singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alauda", + "genus Alauda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Alaudidae: skylarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skylark", + "Alauda arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "allodola", + "alauda arvensis", + "alauda", + "lodola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height" + ], + "it": [ + "it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allodola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Motacillidae", + "family Motacillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pipits and wagtails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Motacilla", + "genus Motacilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Motacillidae: wagtails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagtail" + ], + "it": [ + "ballerina", + "batticoda", + "boarina", + "bovarina", + "cutrettola", + "motacilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World bird having a very long tail that jerks up and down as it walks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthus", + "genus Anthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pipits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipit", + "titlark", + "lark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a songbird that lives mainly on the ground in open country; has streaky brown plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow pipit", + "Anthus pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthus pratensis", + "pispola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common pipit that is brown above and white below; widely distributed in northern and central Europe and in Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fringillidae", + "family Fringillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finches: goldfinches; bullfinches; chaffinches; siskins; canaries; cardinals; grosbeaks; crossbills; linnets; buntings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fringilla", + "genus Fringilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Fringillidae: chaffinch, brambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaffinch", + "Fringilla coelebs" + ], + "it": [ + "Fringilla coelebs", + "fringuello", + "pincione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European finch with a cheerful song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brambling", + "Fringilla montifringilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Fringilla montifringilla", + "fringuello montanaro", + "peppola", + "sordone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian finch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carduelinae", + "subfamily Carduelinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for a subgroup of finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carduelis", + "genus Carduelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered the type genus of a subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae: goldfinches; siskins; redpolls; linnets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldfinch", + "Carduelis carduelis" + ], + "it": [ + "Carduelis carduelis", + "cardellino", + "cardello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linnet", + "lintwhite", + "Carduelis cannabina" + ], + "it": [ + "Carduelis cannabina", + "fanello", + "montanello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World finch whose male has a red breast and forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siskin", + "Carduelis spinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carduelis spinus", + "lucarino", + "lucherino", + "lugarino", + "lugaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellow-and-black Eurasian finch with a sharp beak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red siskin", + "Carduelis cucullata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American species of scarlet finch with black head and wings and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redpoll", + "Carduelis flammea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small siskin-like finch with a red crown and a rosy breast and rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redpoll", + "Carduelis hornemanni" + ], + "it": [ + "Carduelis flammea", + "organetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small siskin-like finch with a red crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spinus", + "genus Spinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a subgenus of Carduelis: siskins and New World goldfinches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World goldfinch", + "goldfinch", + "yellowbird", + "Spinus tristis" + ], + "it": [ + "Spinus tristis", + "lucherino d'America", + "lucherino triste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American finch whose male has yellow body plumage in summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine siskin", + "pine finch", + "Spinus pinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Spinus pinus", + "lucherino dei pini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small finch of North American coniferous forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpodacus", + "genus Carpodacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "house finches and purple finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house finch", + "linnet", + "Carpodacus mexicanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple finch", + "Carpodacus purpureus" + ], + "it": [ + "Carpodacus purpureus", + "ciuffolotto purpureo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American finch having a raspberry-red head and breast and rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serinus", + "genus Serinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World finches; e.g. canaries and serins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canary", + "canary bird" + ], + "it": [ + "canarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small Old World finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common canary", + "Serinus canaria" + ], + "it": [ + "canarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to the Canary Islands and Azores; popular usually yellow cage bird noted for its song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serin" + ], + "it": [ + "verzellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various brown and yellow finches of parts of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxia", + "genus Loxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crossbill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbill", + "Loxia curvirostra" + ], + "it": [ + "Loxia curvirostra", + "becchincroce", + "becco in croce", + "crociere", + "crocione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finch with a bill whose tips cross when closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrhula", + "genus Pyrrhula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bullfinches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullfinch", + "Pyrrhula pyrrhula" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrrhula pyrrhula", + "borgognone", + "ciuffolotto", + "monachino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European finch mostly black and white with red throat and breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Junco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junco", + "snowbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American finch seen chiefly in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark-eyed junco", + "slate-colored junco", + "Junco hyemalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Junco hyemalis", + "zigolo ardesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American junco having grey plumage and eyes with dark brown irises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World sparrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparrow-like North American finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pooecetes", + "genus Pooecetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Fringillidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesper sparrow", + "grass finch", + "Pooecetes gramineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American finch noted for its evening song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zonotrichia", + "genus Zonotrichia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large New World sparrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-throated sparrow", + "whitethroat", + "Zonotrichia albicollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American finch with a white patch on the throat and black-and-white striped crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-crowned sparrow", + "Zonotrichia leucophrys" + ], + "it": [ + "Zonotrichia leucophrys", + "zonotrichia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finch with black-and-white striped crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spizella", + "genus Spizella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chipping sparrow; field sparrow; tree sparrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chipping sparrow", + "Spizella passerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American finch common in urban areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field sparrow", + "Spizella pusilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American finch of brushy pasturelands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree sparrow", + "Spizella arborea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finch common in winter in the northern U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melospiza", + "genus Melospiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American song sparrow and swamp sparrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song sparrow", + "Melospiza melodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small songbird common in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp sparrow", + "Melospiza georgiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American finch of marshy area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emberizidae", + "subfamily Emberizidae", + "subfamily Emberizinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buntings and some New World sparrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunting" + ], + "it": [ + "zigolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous seed-eating songbirds of Europe or North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passerina", + "genus Passerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of small North American finches including the New World buntings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigo bunting", + "indigo finch", + "indigo bird", + "Passerina cyanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deep blue North American bunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emberiza", + "genus Emberiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World buntings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ortolan", + "ortolan bunting", + "Emberiza hortulana" + ], + "it": [ + "Emberiza hortulana", + "ortolano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish Old World bunting often eaten as a delicacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed bunting", + "Emberiza schoeniclus" + ], + "it": [ + "Emberiza schoeniclus", + "migliarino", + "migliarino di palude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European bunting inhabiting marshy areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowhammer", + "yellow bunting", + "Emberiza citrinella" + ], + "it": [ + "Emberiza citrinella", + "zigolo giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European bunting the male being bright yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-breasted bunting", + "Emberiza aureola" + ], + "it": [ + "Emberiza aureola", + "zigolo dal collare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common in Russia and Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectrophenax", + "genus Plectrophenax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snow bunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow bunting", + "snowbird", + "snowflake", + "Plectrophenax nivalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Plectrophenax nivalis", + "zigolo delle nevi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white Arctic bunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coerebidae", + "family Coerebidae", + "Dacninae", + "family Dacninae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the honeycreepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycreeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bright-colored tropical American songbird with a curved bill for sucking nectar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coereba", + "genus Coereba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Coerebidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana quit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several honeycreepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passeridae", + "family Passeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true sparrows: Old world birds formerly considered weaverbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparrow", + "true sparrow" + ], + "it": [ + "passera", + "passero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small dull-colored singing birds feeding on seeds or insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passer", + "genus Passer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Passeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English sparrow", + "house sparrow", + "Passer domesticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Passer domesticus", + "passera europea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hardy brown-and-grey bird native to Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree sparrow", + "Passer montanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Passer montanus", + "passera mattugia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian sparrow smaller than the house sparrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grosbeak", + "grossbeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various finches of Europe or America having a massive and powerful bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hesperiphona", + "genus Hesperiphona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evening grosbeak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening grosbeak", + "Hesperiphona vespertina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American grosbeak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccothraustes", + "genus Coccothraustes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawfinch", + "Coccothraustes coccothraustes" + ], + "it": [ + "frosone", + "frusone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common large finch of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinicola", + "genus Pinicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Fringillidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine grosbeak", + "Pinicola enucleator" + ], + "it": [ + "Pinicola enucleator", + "ciuffolotto delle pinete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large grosbeak of coniferous forests of Old and New Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richmondena", + "genus Richmondena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardinals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal", + "cardinal grosbeak", + "Richmondena Cardinalis", + "Cardinalis cardinalis", + "redbird" + ], + "it": [ + "Richmondena Cardinalis", + "cardinale rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pyrrhuloxia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large showy finches related to cardinals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrrhuloxia", + "Pyrrhuloxia sinuata" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrrhuloxia sinuata", + "cardinale rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested grey-and-red bird of southwest United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towhee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous long-tailed American finches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipilo", + "genus Pipilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "towhees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chewink", + "cheewink", + "Pipilo erythrophthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common towhee of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorura", + "genus Chlorura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "towhees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green-tailed towhee", + "Chlorura chlorura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "towhee of the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ploceidae", + "family Ploceidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaverbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaver", + "weaverbird", + "weaver finch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finch-like African and Asian colonial birds noted for their elaborately woven nests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ploceus", + "genus Ploceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ploceidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baya", + "Ploceus philippinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Indian weaverbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vidua", + "genus Vidua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whydahs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whydah", + "whidah", + "widow bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly black African weaverbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Padda", + "genus Padda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ploceidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Java sparrow", + "Java finch", + "ricebird", + "Padda oryzivora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small finch-like Indonesian weaverbird that frequents rice fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Estrilda", + "genus Estrilda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avadavats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avadavat", + "amadavat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red Asian weaverbirds often kept as cage birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poephila", + "genus Poephila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grassfinches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grassfinch", + "grass finch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually brightly-colored Australian weaverbirds; often kept as cage birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebra finch", + "Poephila castanotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian weaverbird with markings like a zebra's" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drepanididae", + "family Drepanididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian honeycreepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycreeper", + "Hawaiian honeycreeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized finches of the Hawaiian islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drepanis", + "genus Drepanis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Drepanididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black honeycreepers with yellow feathers around the tail; now extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menurae", + "suborder Menurae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lyrebirds and scrubbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menuridae", + "family Menuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lyrebirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menura", + "genus Menura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Menuridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyrebird" + ], + "it": [ + "lira", + "uccello lira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian bird that resembles a pheasant; the courting male displays long tail feathers in a lyre shape" + ], + "it": [ + "uccello australiano simile al fagiano", + "il maschio durante il corteggiamento sfoggia una coda a forma di lira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atrichornithidae", + "family Atrichornithidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrubbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atrichornis", + "genus Atrichornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Atrichornithidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrubbird", + "scrub-bird", + "scrub bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fast-running Australian bird resembling a wren and frequenting brush or scrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurylaimi", + "suborder Eurylaimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurylaimidae", + "family Eurylaimidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the suborder Eurylaimi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadbill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small birds of the Old World tropics having bright plumage and short wide bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyranni", + "suborder Tyranni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World flycatchers; antbirds; oven birds; woodhewers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrannid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passerine bird of the suborder Tyranni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clamatores", + "suborder Clamatores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems; a suborder or superfamily nearly coextensive with suborder Tyranni; Passeriformes having relatively simple vocal organs and little power of song; clamatorial birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrannidae", + "superfamily Tyrannidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World tyrant flycatchers most numerous in Central America and South America but also in the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World flycatcher", + "flycatcher", + "tyrant flycatcher", + "tyrant bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American birds that characteristically catch insects on the wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrannus", + "genus Tyrannus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tyrannidae: tyrant flycatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingbird", + "Tyrannus tyrannus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American flycatcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arkansas kingbird", + "western kingbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kingbird seen in western United States; head and back are pale grey and the breast is yellowish and the tail is black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassin's kingbird", + "Tyrannus vociferans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kingbird seen in the southwestern United States; largely grey with a yellow abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern kingbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kingbird that breeds in North America and winters in tropical America; distinguished by a white band on the tip of the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey kingbird", + "gray kingbird", + "petchary", + "Tyrannus domenicensis domenicensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kingbird that breeds in the southeastern United States and winters in tropical America; similar to but larger than the eastern kingbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Contopus", + "genus Contopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pewees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pewee", + "peewee", + "peewit", + "pewit", + "wood pewee", + "Contopus virens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small olive-colored woodland flycatchers of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western wood pewee", + "Contopus sordidulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flycatcher of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sayornis", + "genus Sayornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phoebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoebe", + "phoebe bird", + "Sayornis phoebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dun-colored North American flycatcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrocephalus", + "genus Pyrocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Tyrannidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermillion flycatcher", + "firebird", + "Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American flycatcher found as far north as southern Texas and Arizona; adult male has bright scarlet and black plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotingidae", + "family Cotingidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotingas; umbrella birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cotinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cotingidae: cotingas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotinga", + "chatterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passerine bird of New World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rupicola", + "genus Rupicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cock of the rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock of the rock", + "Rupicola rupicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical bird of northern South America the male having brilliant red or orange plumage and an erectile disklike crest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock of the rock", + "Rupicola peruviana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird of the Andes similar to Rupicola rupicola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipridae", + "family Pipridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manakins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipra", + "genus Pipra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pipridae containing the typical manakins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manakin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small bright-colored birds of Central America and South America having short bills and elaborate courtship behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procnias", + "genus Procnias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bellbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American birds of the genus Procnias having a bell-like call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalopterus", + "genus Cephalopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cotingidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella bird", + "Cephalopterus ornatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black tropical American bird having a large overhanging crest and long feathered wattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Furnariidae", + "family Furnariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "e.g. ovenbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Furnarius", + "genus Furnarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Furnariidae: ovenbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovenbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brownish South American birds that build oven-shaped clay nests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formicariidae", + "family Formicariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antbird", + "ant bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various dull-colored South American birds that feeding on ants some following army ant swarms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formicarius", + "genus Formicarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Formicariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant thrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of antbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thamnophilus", + "genus Thamnophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Formicariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant shrike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antbirds superficially resembling shrikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylophylax", + "genus Hylophylax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Formicariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted antbird", + "Hylophylax naevioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of antbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendrocolaptidae", + "family Dendrocolaptidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodhewers or woodcreepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendrocolaptes", + "genus Dendrocolaptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dendrocolaptidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodhewer", + "woodcreeper", + "wood-creeper", + "tree creeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous South American and Central American birds with a curved bill and stiffened tail feathers that climb and feed like woodpeckers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pittidae", + "family Pittidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pittas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pittidae; a large genus of birds of southern Asia and Australia and adjacent islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird of the genus Pitta; brilliantly colored chiefly terrestrial birds with short wings and tail and stout bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscivora", + "genus Muscivora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Tyrannidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissortail", + "scissortailed flycatcher", + "Muscivora-forficata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey flycatcher of the southwestern United States and Mexico and Central America having a long forked tail and white breast and salmon and scarlet markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscicapidae", + "family Muscicapidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World (true) flycatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World flycatcher", + "true flycatcher", + "flycatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large group of small songbirds that feed on insects taken on the wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscicapa", + "genus Muscicapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Muscicapidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted flycatcher", + "Muscicapa striata", + "Muscicapa grisola" + ], + "it": [ + "Muscicapa striata", + "pigliamosche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European woodland flycatcher with greyish-brown plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pachycephala", + "genus Pachycephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal insectivorous birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickhead", + "whistler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian and southeastern Asian birds with a melodious whistling call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turdidae", + "family Turdidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrushes; in some classifications considered a subfamily (Turdinae) of the family Muscicapidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turdinae", + "subfamily Turdinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative classification for the thrushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrush" + ], + "it": [ + "tordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "songbirds characteristically having brownish upper plumage with a spotted breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turdus", + "genus Turdus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Turdidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missel thrush", + "mistle thrush", + "mistletoe thrush", + "Turdus viscivorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus viscivorus", + "tordela", + "tordella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European thrush that feeds on mistletoe berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song thrush", + "mavis", + "throstle", + "Turdus philomelos" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus philomelos", + "tordo bottaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Old World thrush noted for its song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieldfare", + "snowbird", + "Turdus pilaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus pilaris", + "cesena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized Eurasian thrush seen chiefly in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redwing", + "Turdus iliacus" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus iliacus", + "tordo sassello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European thrush having reddish flanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackbird", + "merl", + "merle", + "ouzel", + "ousel", + "European blackbird", + "Turdus merula" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus merula", + "merlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common black European thrush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring ouzel", + "ring blackbird", + "ring thrush", + "Turdus torquatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus torquatus", + "merlo dal collare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European thrush common in rocky areas; the male has blackish plumage with a white band around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robin", + "American robin", + "Turdus migratorius" + ], + "it": [ + "Turdus migratorius", + "tordo migratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American thrush having a rust-red breast and abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clay-colored robin", + "Turdus greyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robin of Mexico and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylocichla", + "genus Hylocichla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American thrush: wood thrush; hermit thrush; veery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermit thrush", + "Hylocichla guttata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American thrush noted for its complex and appealing song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veery", + "Wilson's thrush", + "Hylocichla fuscescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tawny brown North American thrush noted for its song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood thrush", + "Hylocichla mustelina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large thrush common in eastern American woodlands; noted for its melodious song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luscinia", + "genus Luscinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nightingales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightingale", + "Luscinia megarhynchos" + ], + "it": [ + "Luscinia megarhynchos", + "rosignolo", + "rusignolo", + "usignolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrush nightingale", + "Luscinia luscinia" + ], + "it": [ + "Luscinia luscinia", + "usignolo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large nightingale of eastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulbul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nightingale spoken of in Persian poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxicola", + "genus Saxicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World chats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World chat", + "chat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "songbirds having a chattering call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonechat", + "Saxicola torquata" + ], + "it": [ + "Saxicola torquata", + "saltimpalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European chat with black plumage and a reddish-brown breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whinchat", + "Saxicola rubetra" + ], + "it": [ + "Saxicola rubetra", + "stiaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown-and-buff European songbird of grassy meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myadestes", + "genus Myadestes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solitaires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull grey North American thrush noted for its beautiful song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenicurus", + "genus Phoenicurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World thrushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redstart", + "redtail" + ], + "it": [ + "codirosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oenanthe", + "genus Oenanthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheatears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheatear" + ], + "it": [ + "culbianco", + "monachella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small songbird of northern America and Eurasia having a distinctive white rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sialia", + "genus Sialia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bluebirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluebird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue North American songbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erithacus", + "genus Erithacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World thrushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robin", + "redbreast", + "robin redbreast", + "Old World robin", + "Erithacus rubecola" + ], + "it": [ + "pettirosso", + "pittiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World songbird with a reddish breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluethroat", + "Erithacus svecicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "songbird of northern Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sylviidae", + "family Sylviidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a subfamily (Sylviinae) of the family Muscicapidae: Old World (true) warblers; American kinglets and gnatcatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sylviinae", + "subfamily Sylviinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative classification for the Old World warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warbler" + ], + "it": [ + "uccello canoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small active songbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polioptila", + "genus Polioptila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World gnatcatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnatcatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small North American and South American warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regulus", + "genus Regulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds of the family Sylviidae including kinglets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinglet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small birds resembling warblers but having some of the habits of titmice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldcrest", + "golden-crested kinglet", + "Regulus regulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Regulus regulus", + "regolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European kinglet with a black-bordered yellow crown patch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold-crowned kinglet", + "Regulus satrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American golden-crested kinglet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruby-crowned kinglet", + "ruby-crowned wren", + "Regulus calendula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American kinglet with a notable song and in the male a red crown patch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World warbler", + "true warbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small active brownish or greyish Old World birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silvia", + "genus Silvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sylviidae: warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackcap", + "Silvia atricapilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brownish-grey warbler with a black crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater whitethroat", + "whitethroat", + "Sylvia communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Sylvia communis", + "sterpazzola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-brown Old World warbler with a white throat and underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser whitethroat", + "whitethroat", + "Sylvia curruca" + ], + "it": [ + "Sylvia curruca", + "bigiarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World warbler similar to the greater whitethroat but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phylloscopus", + "genus Phylloscopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood warbler", + "Phylloscopus sibilatrix" + ], + "it": [ + "Phylloscopus sibilatrix", + "luì verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European woodland warbler with dull yellow plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrocephalus", + "genus Acrocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sylviidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedge warbler", + "sedge bird", + "sedge wren", + "reedbird", + "Acrocephalus schoenobaenus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acrocephalus schoenobaenus", + "forapaglia", + "forapaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European warbler that breeds among reeds and wedges and winters in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prinia", + "genus Prinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sylviidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wren warbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic and African bird; constructs nests like those of tailorbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthotomus", + "genus Orthotomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tailorbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailorbird", + "Orthotomus sutorius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asian warbler that stitches leaves together to form and conceal its nest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timaliidae", + "family Timaliidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "babblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timalia", + "genus Timalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Timaliidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babbler", + "cackler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insectivorous Old World birds with a loud incessant song; in some classifications considered members of the family Muscicapidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parulidae", + "family Parulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World warbler", + "wood warbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bright-colored American songbird with a weak unmusical song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parula", + "genus Parula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Parulidae: wood warblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parula warbler", + "northern parula", + "Parula americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey-blue wood warbler with yellow throat and breast; of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson's warbler", + "Wilson's blackcap", + "Wilsonia pusilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow wood warbler with a black crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Setophaga", + "genus Setophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Parulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flycatching warbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous American wood warblers that feed on insects caught on the wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American redstart", + "redstart", + "Setophaga ruticilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flycatching warbler of eastern North America the male having bright orange on sides and wings and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendroica", + "genus Dendroica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Parulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape May warbler", + "Dendroica tigrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wood warbler; olive green and yellow striped with black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow warbler", + "golden warbler", + "yellowbird", + "Dendroica petechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-throated American wood warbler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackburn", + "Blackburnian warbler", + "Dendroica fusca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white North American wood warbler having an orange-and-black head and throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Audubon's warbler", + "Audubon warbler", + "Dendroica auduboni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common warbler of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtle warbler", + "myrtle bird", + "Dendroica coronata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Audubon's warbler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackpoll", + "Dendroica striate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American warbler having a black-and-white head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icteria", + "genus Icteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World chats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World chat", + "chat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds having a chattering call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-breasted chat", + "Icteria virens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American warbler noted for imitating songs of other birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seiurus", + "genus Seiurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovenbirds and water thrushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovenbird", + "Seiurus aurocapillus" + ], + "it": [ + "Seiurus aurocapillus", + "seiuro dalla testa d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American warbler; builds a dome-shaped nest on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water thrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish North American warbler found near streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geothlypis", + "genus Geothlypis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowthroats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowthroat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small olive-colored American warblers with yellow breast and throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common yellowthroat", + "Maryland yellowthroat", + "Geothlypis trichas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American warbler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paradisaeidae", + "family Paradisaeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds of paradise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird of paradise" + ], + "it": [ + "paradisea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous brilliantly colored plumed birds of the New Guinea area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptloris", + "genus Ptloris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Paradisaeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riflebird", + "Ptloris paradisea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "velvety black Australian bird of paradise with green and purple iridescence on head and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icteridae", + "family Icteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American orioles; American blackbirds; bobolinks; meadowlarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World oriole", + "American oriole", + "oriole" + ], + "it": [ + "ittero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American songbird; male is black and orange or yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icterus", + "genus Icterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Icteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern oriole", + "Icterus galbula" + ], + "it": [ + "Icterus galbula", + "ittero di Baltimora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of New World oriole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltimore oriole", + "Baltimore bird", + "hangbird", + "firebird", + "Icterus galbula galbula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern subspecies of northern oriole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bullock's oriole", + "Icterus galbula bullockii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western subspecies of northern oriole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchard oriole", + "Icterus spurius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male is chestnut-and-black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sturnella", + "genus Sturnella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of passerine birds including the meadowlarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadowlark", + "lark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American songbirds having a yellow breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern meadowlark", + "Sturnella magna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meadowlark of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western meadowlark", + "Sturnella neglecta" + ], + "it": [ + "Sturnella neglecta", + "storno negletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meadowlark of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cacicus", + "genus Cacicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of tropical American orioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacique", + "cazique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-red or black-and-yellow orioles of the American tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dolichonyx", + "genus Dolichonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bobolinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobolink", + "ricebird", + "reedbird", + "Dolichonyx oryzivorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Dolichonyx oryzivorus", + "bobolink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migratory American songbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World blackbird", + "blackbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird of the family Icteridae whose male is black or predominantly black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quiscalus", + "genus Quiscalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grackles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grackle", + "crow blackbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed American blackbird having iridescent black plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple grackle", + "Quiscalus quiscula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern United States grackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphagus", + "genus Euphagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Icteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusty blackbird", + "rusty grackle", + "Euphagus carilonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American blackbird whose bluish-black plumage is rusty-edged in the fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molothrus", + "genus Molothrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cowbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American blackbird that follows cattle and lays eggs in other birds' nests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agelaius", + "genus Agelaius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red-winged blackbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-winged blackbird", + "redwing", + "Agelaius phoeniceus" + ], + "it": [ + "Agelaius phoeniceus", + "ittero dalle spalle rosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American blackbird with scarlet patches on the wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriolidae", + "family Oriolidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World orioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World oriole", + "oriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly tropical songbird; the male is usually bright orange and black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriolus", + "genus Oriolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Oriolidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden oriole", + "Oriolus oriolus" + ], + "it": [ + "Oriolus oriolus", + "rigogolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright yellow songbird with black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphecotheres", + "genus Sphecotheres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Old World orioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig-bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish-yellow Australian oriole feeding chiefly on figs and other fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sturnidae", + "family Sturnidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World starlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starling" + ], + "it": [ + "storno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gregarious birds native to the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sturnus", + "genus Sturnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sturnidae: common starlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common starling", + "Sturnus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Sturnus vulgaris", + "storno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gregarious bird having plumage with dark metallic gloss; builds nests around dwellings and other structures; naturalized worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pastor", + "subgenus Pastor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only the rose-colored starlings; in some classifications considered a separate genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose-colored starling", + "rose-colored pastor", + "Pastor sturnus", + "Pastor roseus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossy black bird with pink back and abdomen; chiefly Asian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myna", + "mynah", + "mina", + "minah", + "myna bird", + "mynah bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asian starlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acridotheres", + "genus Acridotheres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mynas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crested myna", + "Acridotheres tristis" + ], + "it": [ + "Acridotheres tristis", + "maina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown crested bird of southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gracula", + "genus Gracula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mynas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hill myna", + "Indian grackle", + "grackle", + "Gracula religiosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Gracula religiosa", + "gracula religiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossy black Asiatic starling often taught to mimic speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corvidae", + "family Corvidae" + ], + "it": [ + "corvidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crow; raven; rook; jackdaw; chough; magpie; jay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corvine bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds of the crow family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corvus", + "genus Corvus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Corvidae: crows and ravens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow" + ], + "it": [ + "cornacchia", + "corvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black birds having a raucous call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American crow", + "Corvus brachyrhyncos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common crow of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raven", + "Corvus corax" + ], + "it": [ + "Corvus corax", + "corvo", + "corvo imperiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black bird with a straight bill and long wedge-shaped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rook", + "Corvus frugilegus" + ], + "it": [ + "Corvus frugilegus", + "corvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common gregarious Old World bird about the size and color of the American crow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackdaw", + "daw", + "Corvus monedula" + ], + "it": [ + "Corvus monedula", + "taccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common black-and-grey Eurasian bird noted for thievery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chough" + ], + "it": [ + "gracchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European corvine bird of small or medium size with red legs and glossy black plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garrulinae", + "subfamily Garrulinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subfamily of the crow family: jays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jay" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiandaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested largely blue bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garrulus", + "genus Garrulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Garrulinae: Old World jays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World jay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European jay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common European jay", + "Garullus garullus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fawn-colored jay with black-and-white crest and blue-and-black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyanocitta", + "genus Cyanocitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World jays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World jay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American jay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue jay", + "jaybird", + "Cyanocitta cristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common jay of eastern North America; bright blue with grey breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perisoreus", + "genus Perisoreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canada jays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada jay", + "grey jay", + "gray jay", + "camp robber", + "whisker jack", + "Perisoreus canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jay of northern North America with black-capped head and no crest; noted for boldness in thievery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain jay", + "Perisoreus canadensis capitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Canada jay with a white head; widely distributed from Montana to Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nucifraga", + "genus Nucifraga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutcrackers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutcracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speckled birds that feed on nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common nutcracker", + "Nucifraga caryocatactes" + ], + "it": [ + "Nucifraga caryocatactes", + "nocciolaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World nutcracker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark's nutcracker", + "Nucifraga columbiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutcracker of the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pica", + "genus Pica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magpies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magpie" + ], + "it": [ + "berta", + "cecca", + "gazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed black-and-white crow that utters a raucous chattering call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European magpie", + "Pica pica" + ], + "it": [ + "Pica pica", + "gazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common magpie of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American magpie", + "Pica pica hudsonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magpie of Rocky Mountains in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cracticidae", + "family Cracticidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian birds formerly included in the family Laniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian magpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white oscine birds that resemble magpies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cracticus", + "genus Cracticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cracticidae: Australian butcherbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcherbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carnivorous Australian bird with the shrike-like habit of impaling prey on thorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strepera", + "genus Strepera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bell magpies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currawong", + "bell magpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish black fruit-eating bird with a bell-like call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnorhina", + "genus Gymnorhina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications placed in the family Laniidae: Australian piping crows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piping crow", + "piping crow-shrike", + "Gymnorhina tibicen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crow-sized black-and-white bird; a good mimic often caged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Troglodytidae", + "family Troglodytidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wren", + "jenny wren" + ], + "it": [ + "foramacchia", + "forasiepe", + "scricciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small active brown birds of the northern hemisphere with short upright tails; they feed on insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Troglodytes", + "genus Troglodytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Troglodytidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter wren", + "Troglodytes troglodytes" + ], + "it": [ + "Troglodytes troglodytes", + "scricciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wren of coniferous forests of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house wren", + "Troglodytes aedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common American wren that nests around houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cistothorus", + "genus Cistothorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marsh wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh wren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wren of the genus Cistothorus that frequents marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-billed marsh wren", + "Cistothorus palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American wren that inhabits tall reed beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedge wren", + "short-billed marsh wren", + "Cistothorus platensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small American wren inhabiting wet sedgy meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salpinctes", + "genus Salpinctes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Troglodytidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock wren", + "Salpinctes obsoletus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wren inhabiting badlands and mesa country of western United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thryothorus", + "genus Thryothorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Carolina wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina wren", + "Thryothorus ludovicianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large United States wren with a musical call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campylorhynchus", + "genus Campylorhynchus", + "Heleodytes", + "genus Heleodytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative classifications for the cactus wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cactus wren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large harsh-voiced American wren of arid regions of the United States southwest and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimidae", + "family Mimidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes considered a subfamily of Troglodytidae: mockingbirds; catbirds; thrashers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimus", + "genus Mimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Mimidae: mockingbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mockingbird", + "mocker", + "Mimus polyglotktos" + ], + "it": [ + "mimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed grey-and-white songbird of the southern United States able to mimic songs of other birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanotis", + "genus Melanotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mimidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue mockingbird", + "Melanotis caerulescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mockingbird of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dumetella", + "genus Dumetella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catbird", + "grey catbird", + "gray catbird", + "Dumetella carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American songbird whose call resembles a cat's mewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toxostoma", + "genus Toxostoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrashers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrasher", + "mocking thrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrush-like American songbird able to mimic other birdsongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown thrasher", + "brown thrush", + "Toxostoma rufums" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common large songbird of eastern United States having reddish-brown plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenicidae", + "family Xenicidae", + "Acanthisittidae", + "family Acanthisittidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative names for the family comprising the New Zealand wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand wren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds of New Zealand that resemble wrens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenicus", + "genus Xenicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus for the Xenicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock wren", + "Xenicus gilviventris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed bird resembling a wren" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthisitta", + "genus Acanthisitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Xenicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifleman bird", + "Acanthisitta chloris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small green-and-bronze bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Certhiidae", + "family Certhiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeper", + "tree creeper" + ], + "it": [ + "rampicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small insectivorous birds of the northern hemisphere that climb up a tree trunk supporting themselves on stiff tail feathers and their feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Certhia", + "genus Certhia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Certhiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown creeper", + "American creeper", + "Certhia americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common creeper in North America with a down-curved bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European creeper", + "Certhia familiaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Certhia familiaris", + "rampichino alpestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European brown-and-buff tree creeper with down-curved bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tichodroma", + "genus Tichodroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wall creepers; in some classifications placed in family Sittidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall creeper", + "tichodrome", + "Tichodroma muriaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crimson-and-grey songbird that inhabits town walls and mountain cliffs of southern Eurasia and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sittidae", + "family Sittidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuthatches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuthatch", + "nutcracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small short-tailed songbirds with strong feet and a sharp beak that feed on small nuts and insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitta", + "genus Sitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sittidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European nuthatch", + "Sitta europaea" + ], + "it": [ + "Sitta europaea", + "picchio muratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of nuthatch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-breasted nuthatch", + "Sitta canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-grey nuthatch with reddish breast; of northern coniferous forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-breasted nuthatch", + "Sitta carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-grey nuthatch with black head and white breast; of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paridae", + "family Paridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "titmice and chickadees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titmouse", + "tit" + ], + "it": [ + "cincia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small insectivorous birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parus", + "genus Parus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Paridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickadee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small grey-and-black songbirds of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-capped chickadee", + "blackcap", + "Parus atricapillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chickadee having a dark crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufted titmouse", + "Parus bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested titmouse of eastern and midwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina chickadee", + "Parus carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern United States chickadee similar to the blackcap but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue tit", + "tomtit", + "Parus caeruleus" + ], + "it": [ + "Parus caeruleus", + "cinciarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed European titmouse with bright cobalt blue wings and tail and crown of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psaltriparus", + "genus Psaltriparus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Paridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushtit", + "bush tit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active grey titmice of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaea", + "genus Chamaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Paridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wren-tit", + "Chamaea fasciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brown bird of California resembling a wren" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auriparus", + "genus Auriparus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Paridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verdin", + "Auriparus flaviceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small yellow-headed titmouse of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irenidae", + "family Irenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds of the suborder Oscines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irena", + "genus Irena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Irenidae: fairy bluebirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy bluebird", + "bluebird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit-eating mostly brilliant blue songbird of the East Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirundinidae", + "family Hirundinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swallows and martins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow" + ], + "it": [ + "rondine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small long-winged songbird noted for swift graceful flight and the regularity of its migrations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirundo", + "genus Hirundo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hirundinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn swallow", + "chimney swallow", + "Hirundo rustica" + ], + "it": [ + "Hirundo rustica", + "rondine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common swallow of North America and Europe that nests in barns etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff swallow", + "Hirundo pyrrhonota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American swallow that lives in colonies and builds bottle-shaped mud nests on cliffs and walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree swallow", + "tree martin", + "Hirundo nigricans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Australia and Polynesia; nests in tree cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iridoprocne", + "genus Iridoprocne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hirundinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-bellied swallow", + "tree swallow", + "Iridoprocne bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-green-and-white North American swallow; nests in tree cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martin" + ], + "it": [ + "balestruccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various swallows with squarish or slightly forked tail and long pointed wings; migrate around Martinmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delichon", + "genus Delichon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hirundinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house martin", + "Delichon urbica" + ], + "it": [ + "Delichon urbica", + "balestruccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common small European martin that builds nests under the eaves of houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riparia", + "genus Riparia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hirundinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank martin", + "bank swallow", + "sand martin", + "Riparia riparia" + ], + "it": [ + "Riparia riparia", + "topino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swallow of the northern hemisphere that nests in tunnels dug in clay or sand banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Progne", + "genus Progne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hirundinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple martin", + "Progne subis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American martin of which the male is blue-black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artamidae", + "family Artamidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood swallows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artamus", + "genus Artamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Artamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood swallow", + "swallow shrike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian and Asiatic bird related to the shrikes and resembling a swallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thraupidae", + "family Thraupidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tanagers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous New World woodland birds having brightly colored males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piranga", + "genus Piranga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Thraupidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet tanager", + "Piranga olivacea", + "redbird", + "firebird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male is bright red with black wings and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western tanager", + "Piranga ludoviciana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western North America; male is black and yellow and orange-red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer tanager", + "summer redbird", + "Piranga rubra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of middle and southern United States; male is deep rose-red the female mostly yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic tanager", + "Piranga flava hepatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common tanager of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laniidae", + "family Laniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrike" + ], + "it": [ + "avelia", + "averla", + "averla maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous Old World birds having a strong hooked bill that feed on smaller animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanius", + "genus Lanius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Laniidae: typical shrikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcherbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrikes that impale their prey on thorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European shrike", + "Lanius excubitor" + ], + "it": [ + "Lanius excubitor", + "averla maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common European butcherbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern shrike", + "Lanius borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butcherbird of northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-rumped shrike", + "Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butcherbird of western North America; grey with white underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loggerhead shrike", + "Lanius lucovicianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common shrike of southeastern United States having black bands around the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migrant shrike", + "Lanius ludovicianus migrans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrike of central North America; winters in Texas and the southern Mississippi valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaconotinae", + "subfamily Malaconotinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African bush shrikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush shrike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African shrike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophoneus", + "genus Chlorophoneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Malaconotinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-fronted bush shrike", + "Chlorophoneus nigrifrons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of bush shrike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptilonorhynchidae", + "family Ptilonorhynchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowerbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowerbird", + "catbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various birds of the Australian region whose males build ornamented structures resembling bowers in order to attract females" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptilonorhynchus", + "genus Ptilonorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ptilonorhynchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satin bowerbird", + "satin bird", + "Ptilonorhynchus violaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southeast Australia; male is glossy violet blue; female is light grey-green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydera", + "genus Chlamydera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ptilonorhynchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great bowerbird", + "Chlamydera nuchalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bowerbird of northern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinclidae", + "family Cinclidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water ouzels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water ouzel", + "dipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small stocky diving bird without webbed feet; frequents fast-flowing streams and feeds along the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinclus", + "genus Cinclus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cinclidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European water ouzel", + "Cinclus aquaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water ouzel of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American water ouzel", + "Cinclus mexicanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water ouzel of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vireonidae", + "family Vireonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small insectivorous American songbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Vireo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Vireonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vireo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small insectivorous American birds chiefly olive-grey in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-eyed vireo", + "Vireo olivaceous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern North America having red irises and an olive-grey body with white underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitary vireo", + "Vireo solitarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of eastern North America having a bluish-grey head and mostly green body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue-headed vireo", + "Vireo solitarius solitarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common vireo of northeastern North America with bluish slaty-grey head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombycillidae", + "family Bombycillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds of the suborder Oscines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombycilla", + "genus bombycilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waxwings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxwing" + ], + "it": [ + "beccofrusone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown velvety-plumaged songbirds of the northern hemisphere having crested heads and red waxy wing tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar waxwing", + "cedarbird", + "Bombycilla cedrorun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed over temperate North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bohemian waxwing", + "Bombycilla garrulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bombycilla garrulus", + "beccofrusone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large waxwing of northern North America; similar to but larger than the cedar waxwing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raptores", + "order Raptores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term used in former classifications; erroneously grouped together birds of the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird of prey", + "raptor", + "raptorial bird" + ], + "it": [ + "rapace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous carnivorous birds that hunt and kill other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falconiformes", + "order Falconiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly diurnal carnivorous birds having hooked beaks and long talons with opposable hind toe: falcons; hawks; eagles; ospreys; caracaras; vultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Accipitriformes", + "order Accipitriformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications an alternative name for the Falconiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Accipitridae", + "family Accipitridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawks; Old World vultures; kites; harriers; eagles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk" + ], + "it": [ + "falco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diurnal bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfledged or nestling hawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiercel", + "tercel", + "tercelet" + ], + "it": [ + "terzuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male hawk especially male peregrine or gyrfalcon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Accipiter", + "genus Accipiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goshawk", + "Accipiter gentilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Accipiter gentilis", + "astore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hawk of Eurasia and North America used in falconry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparrow hawk", + "Accipiter nisus" + ], + "it": [ + "Accipiter nisus", + "sparviere", + "sparviero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hawk of Eurasia and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooper's hawk", + "blue darter", + "Accipiter cooperii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-grey North American hawk having a darting flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken hawk", + "hen hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nontechnical term for any hawks said to prey on poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buteo", + "genus Buteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad-winged soaring hawks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buteonine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hawk of the genus Buteo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redtail", + "red-tailed hawk", + "Buteo jamaicensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown American hawk species having a reddish-brown tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-legged hawk", + "roughleg", + "Buteo lagopus" + ], + "it": [ + "Buteo lagopus", + "poiana calzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hawk of the northern hemisphere that feeds chiefly on small rodents and is beneficial to farmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-shouldered hawk", + "Buteo lineatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American hawk with reddish brown shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzzard", + "Buteo buteo" + ], + "it": [ + "Buteo buteo", + "poana", + "poiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common European short-winged hawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pernis", + "genus Pernis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common European bird of prey; dull brown with white-streaked underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey buzzard", + "Pernis apivorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pernis apivorus", + "falco pecchiaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World hawk that feeds on bee larvae and small rodents and reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ], + "it": [ + "nibbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small graceful hawks of the family Accipitridae having long pointed wings and feeding on insects and small animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milvus", + "genus-Milvus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus including the common European kits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black kite", + "Milvus migrans" + ], + "it": [ + "Milvus migrans", + "nibbio bruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark Old World kite feeding chiefly on carrion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elanoides", + "genus Elanoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of kites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow-tailed kite", + "swallow-tailed hawk", + "Elanoides forficatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graceful North American black-and-white kite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elanus", + "genus Elanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of small kites of both Old and New Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-tailed kite", + "Elanus leucurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey-and-white American kite of warm and tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circus", + "genus Circus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of haws comprising the harriers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harrier" + ], + "it": [ + "albanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawks that hunt over meadows and marshes and prey on small terrestrial animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh harrier", + "Circus Aeruginosus" + ], + "it": [ + "falco di palude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World harrier frequenting marshy regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montagu's harrier", + "Circus pygargus" + ], + "it": [ + "Circus pygargus", + "albanella minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish European harrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh hawk", + "northern harrier", + "hen harrier", + "Circus cyaneus" + ], + "it": [ + "Circus cyaneus", + "albanella reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common harrier of North America and Europe; nests in marshes and open land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circaetus", + "genus Circaetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harrier eagles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harrier eagle", + "short-toed eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous large Old World hawks intermediate in some respects between typical hawks and typical eagles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falconidae", + "family Falconidae" + ], + "it": [ + "falconidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds of the order Falconiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falcon" + ], + "it": [ + "falco", + "falcone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falco", + "genus Falco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Falconidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peregrine", + "peregrine falcon", + "Falco peregrinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Falco peregrinus", + "falco pellegrino", + "pellegrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed falcon formerly used in falconry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falcon-gentle", + "falcon-gentil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female falcon especially a female peregrine falcon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyrfalcon", + "gerfalcon", + "Falco rusticolus" + ], + "it": [ + "Falco rusticolus", + "girfalco", + "girfalco d'Islanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and rare Arctic falcon having white and dark color phases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kestrel", + "Falco tinnunculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Falco tinnunculus", + "gheppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World falcon that hovers in the air against a wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparrow hawk", + "American kestrel", + "kestrel", + "Falco sparverius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American falcon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon hawk", + "merlin", + "Falco columbarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Falco columbarius", + "smeriglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small falcon of Europe and America having dark plumage with black-barred tail; used in falconry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobby", + "Falco subbuteo" + ], + "it": [ + "Falco subbuteo", + "falchetto", + "falco lodolaio", + "lodolaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World falcon formerly trained and flown at small birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caracara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various long-legged carrion-eating hawks of South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyborus", + "genus Polyborus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Falconidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Audubon's caracara", + "Polyborus cheriway audubonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread from southern United States to Central America; rusty black with black-and-white breast and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carancha", + "Polyborus plancus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American caracara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle", + "bird of Jove" + ], + "it": [ + "aquila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird that is still young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eaglet" + ], + "it": [ + "aquilotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young eagle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harpia", + "genus Harpia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpy", + "harpy eagle", + "Harpia harpyja" + ], + "it": [ + "arpia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black-and-white crested eagle of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquila", + "genus Aquila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden eagle", + "Aquila chrysaetos" + ], + "it": [ + "Aquila chrysaetos", + "aquila reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large eagle of mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere having a golden-brown head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tawny eagle", + "Aquila rapax" + ], + "it": [ + "Aquila rapax", + "aquila rapace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish eagle of Africa and parts of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature golden eagle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haliaeetus", + "genus Haliaeetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bald eagle", + "American eagle", + "Haliaeetus leucocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large eagle of North America that has a white head and dark wings and body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large eagles that usually feed on fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamchatkan sea eagle", + "Stellar's sea eagle", + "Haliaeetus pelagicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found on coasts of the northwestern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ern", + "erne", + "grey sea eagle", + "gray sea eagle", + "European sea eagle", + "white-tailed sea eagle", + "Haliatus albicilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulky greyish-brown eagle with a short wedge-shaped white tail; of Europe and Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing eagle", + "Haliaeetus leucorhyphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southeast Europe and central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandionidae", + "family Pandionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ospreys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandion", + "genus Pandion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pandionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osprey", + "fish hawk", + "fish eagle", + "sea eagle", + "Pandion haliaetus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pandion haliaetus", + "falco pescatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large harmless hawk found worldwide that feeds on fish and builds a bulky nest often occupied for years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulture" + ], + "it": [ + "avvoltoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large diurnal birds of prey having naked heads and weak claws and feeding chiefly on carrion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegypiidae", + "family Aegypiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered the family comprising the Old World vultures which are more often included in the family Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World vulture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large vultures of Africa and Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyps", + "genus Gyps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griffon vulture", + "griffon", + "Gyps fulvus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gyps fulvus", + "grifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large vulture of southern Europe and northern Africa having pale plumage with black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gypaetus", + "genus Gypaetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications the type genus of the family Aegypiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearded vulture", + "lammergeier", + "lammergeyer", + "Gypaetus barbatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gypaetus barbatus", + "gipaeto", + "gipeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest Eurasian bird of prey; having black feathers hanging around the bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neophron", + "genus Neophron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian vulture", + "Pharaoh's chicken", + "Neophron percnopterus" + ], + "it": [ + "Neophron percnopterus", + "capovaccaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mostly white vulture of Africa and southern Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegypius", + "genus Aegypius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Accipitridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black vulture", + "Aegypius monachus" + ], + "it": [ + "Aegypius monachus", + "avvoltoio monaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern Eurasia and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittariidae", + "family Sagittariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretary birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittarius", + "genus Sagittarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sagittariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretary bird", + "Sagittarius serpentarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-legged African bird of prey that feeds on reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cathartidae", + "family Cathartidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condors; turkey buzzards; king vultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World vulture", + "cathartid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large birds of prey superficially similar to Old World vultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cathartes", + "genus Cathartes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cathartidae: turkey vultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzzard", + "turkey buzzard", + "turkey vulture", + "Cathartes aura" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzago", + "bozzagro", + "poana", + "poiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New World vulture that is common in South America and Central America and the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condor" + ], + "it": [ + "condor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest flying birds in the western hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vultur", + "genus Vultur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird that is usually restricted to the Andean condor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andean condor", + "Vultur gryphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large vulture of the high Andes having black plumage and white neck ruff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnogyps", + "genus Gymnogyps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "containing solely the California condor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California condor", + "Gymnogyps californianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American condor; chiefly dull black; almost extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coragyps", + "genus Coragyps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cathartidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black vulture", + "carrion crow", + "Coragyps atratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American vulture smaller than the turkey buzzard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcorhamphus", + "genus Sarcorhamphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually containing only the king vulture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king vulture", + "Sarcorhamphus papa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black-and-white vulture of South America and Central America; have colorful wattles and wartlike protuberances on head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strigiformes", + "order Strigiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "owls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owl", + "bird of Minerva", + "bird of night", + "hooter" + ], + "it": [ + "civetta", + "gufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owlet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giovane gufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young owl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strigidae", + "family Strigidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of nocturnal birds of the order Strigiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athene", + "genus Athene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Strigidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little owl", + "Athene noctua" + ], + "it": [ + "Athene noctua", + "civetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European owl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bubo", + "genus Bubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Strigidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned owl" + ], + "it": [ + "assiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large owls having prominent ear tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great horned owl", + "Bubo virginianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown North American horned owl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strix", + "genus Strix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "owls lacking ear tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grey owl", + "great gray owl", + "Strix nebulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dish-faced owl of northern North America and western Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tawny owl", + "Strix aluco" + ], + "it": [ + "Strix aluco", + "allocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown European owl having a round head with black eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barred owl", + "Strix varia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large owl of eastern North America having its breast and abdomen streaked with brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otus", + "genus Otus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Strigidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screech owl", + "Otus asio" + ], + "it": [ + "gufo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American owl having hornlike tufts of feathers whose call sounds like a quavering whistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screech owl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any owl that has a screeching cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scops owl" + ], + "it": [ + "assiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small owls having ear tufts and a whistling call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted owl", + "Strix occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large owl of North America found in forests from British Columbia to central Mexico; has dark brown plumage and a heavily spotted chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World scops owl", + "Otus scops" + ], + "it": [ + "Otus scops", + "assiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European scops owl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriental scops owl", + "Otus sunia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian scops owl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoot owl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any owl that hoots as distinct from screeching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surnia", + "genus Surnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of hawk-like owls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk owl", + "Surnia ulula" + ], + "it": [ + "Surnia ulula", + "ulula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey-and-white diurnal hawk-like owl of northern parts of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asio", + "genus Asio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of European owls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-eared owl", + "Asio otus" + ], + "it": [ + "Asio otus", + "gufo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender European owl of coniferous forests with long ear tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sceloglaux", + "genus Sceloglaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Strigidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laughing owl", + "laughing jackass", + "Sceloglaux albifacies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almost extinct owl of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tytonidae", + "family Tytonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising only the barn owls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyto", + "genus Tyto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and only genus of the family Tytonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn owl", + "Tyto alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Tyto alba", + "barbagianni", + "barbagianni nostrano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibia", + "class Amphibia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of vertebrates that live on land but breed in water; frogs; toads; newts; salamanders; caecilians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibian family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any family of amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibian genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any genus of amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibian" + ], + "it": [ + "anfibio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hynerpeton", + "genus Hynerpeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hynerpeton bassetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil amphibian of the Devonian having well-developed forelimbs; found in Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ichthyostega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "second earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ichyostega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early tetrapod amphibian found in Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urodella", + "order Urodella", + "Caudata", + "order Caudata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salamanders; newts; congo snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urodele", + "caudate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphibians that resemble lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salamandridae", + "family Salamandridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salamandra", + "genus Salamandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Salamandridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salamander" + ], + "it": [ + "salamandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European fire salamander", + "Salamandra salamandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of European salamander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted salamander", + "fire salamander", + "Salamandra maculosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine salamander", + "Salamandra atra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newt", + "triton" + ], + "it": [ + "tritone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and northern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triturus", + "genus Triturus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly aquatic salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common newt", + "Triturus vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small semiaquatic salamander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notophthalmus", + "genus Notophthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red eft", + "Notophthalmus viridescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red terrestrial form of a common North American newt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taricha", + "genus Taricha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific newts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific newt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several rough-skinned newts found in western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-skinned newt", + "Taricha granulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California newt", + "Taricha torosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newt that is similar to Taricha granulosa in characteristics and habitat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newt in its terrestrial stage of development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ambystomatidae", + "family Ambystomatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ambystoma", + "genus Ambystoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ambystomatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambystomid", + "ambystomid salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole salamander", + "Ambystoma talpoideum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish-black burrowing salamander of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted salamander", + "Ambystoma maculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossy black North American salamander with yellow spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger salamander", + "Ambystoma tigrinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed brown or black North American salamander with vertical yellowish blotches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axolotl", + "mud puppy", + "Ambystoma mexicanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterdog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large aquatic salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptobranchidae", + "family Cryptobranchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large aquatic salamanders: hellbenders; giant salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptobranchus", + "genus Cryptobranchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cryptobranchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellbender", + "mud puppy", + "Cryptobranchus alleganiensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large salamander of North American rivers and streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megalobatrachus", + "genus Megalobatrachus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant salamanders; in some classifications included in the genus Cryptobranchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant salamander", + "Megalobatrachus maximus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteidae", + "family Proteidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud puppies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteus", + "genus Proteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Proteidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olm", + "Proteus anguinus" + ], + "it": [ + "proteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European aquatic salamander with permanent external gills that lives in caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Necturus", + "genus Necturus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Proteidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud puppy", + "Necturus maculosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicamptodontidae", + "family Dicamptodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and small highly aquatic salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dicamptodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dicamptodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicamptodon", + "dicamptodontid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific giant salamander", + "Dicamptodon ensatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhyacotriton", + "genus Rhyacotriton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "olympic salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olympic salamander", + "Rhyacotriton olympicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States Northwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plethodontidae", + "family Plethodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mostly terrestrial New World salamanders having neither lungs nor gills as adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plethodon", + "genus Plethodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Plethodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lungless salamander", + "plethodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern red-backed salamander", + "Plethodon cinereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common salamander of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western red-backed salamander", + "Plethodon vehiculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salamander of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmograthus", + "genus Desmograthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibian genus of Plethodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusky salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American salamander mottled with dull brown or greyish-black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aneides", + "genus Aneides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American salamanders adapted for climbing with well-developed limbs and long somewhat squared-off toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arboreal salamander", + "Aneides lugubris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-spotted brown salamander of California woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Batrachoseps", + "genus Batrachoseps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender salamander", + "worm salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small slim salamanders of the Pacific coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydromantes", + "genus Hydromantes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web-toed salamanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web-toed salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several salamanders with webbed toes and very long extensile tongues; excellent climbers that move with ease over smooth rock surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shasta salamander", + "Hydromantes shastae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primarily a cave dweller in the Mount Shasta area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limestone salamander", + "Hydromantes brunus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Shasta salamander; lives in cliff crevices and taluses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphiumidae", + "family Amphiumidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congo snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amphiuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "congo snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphiuma", + "congo snake", + "congo eel", + "blind eel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sirenidae", + "family Sirenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sirens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Siren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sirenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siren" + ], + "it": [ + "sirenide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eellike aquatic North American salamander with small forelimbs and no hind limbs; have permanent external gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salientia", + "order Salientia", + "Anura", + "order Anura", + "Batrachia", + "order Batrachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frogs, toads, tree toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog", + "toad", + "toad frog", + "anuran", + "batrachian", + "salientian" + ], + "it": [ + "rana", + "ranocchio", + "rospo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranidae", + "family Ranidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family nearly cosmopolitan in distribution: true frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rana", + "genus Rana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ranidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true frog", + "ranid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood-frog", + "wood frog", + "Rana sylvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard frog", + "spring frog", + "Rana pipiens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullfrog", + "Rana catesbeiana" + ], + "it": [ + "rana toro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green frog", + "spring frog", + "Rana clamitans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascades frog", + "Rana cascadae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain frog found near water; of United States Northwest to California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goliath frog", + "Rana goliath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickerel frog", + "Rana palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meadow frog of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarahumara frog", + "Rana tarahumarae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican frog found within a jump or two of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass frog", + "Rana temporaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common semiterrestrial European frog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptodactylidae", + "family Leptodactylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World frogs; in some classifications essentially coextensive with the family Bufonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptodactylid frog", + "leptodactylid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eleutherodactylus", + "genus Eleutherodactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "completely terrestrial robber frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robber frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial frog of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylactophryne", + "genus Hylactophryne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barking frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barking frog", + "robber frog", + "Hylactophryne augusti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptodactylus", + "genus Leptodactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Leptodactylidae; in some classifications placed in the family Bufonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crapaud", + "South American bullfrog", + "Leptodactylus pentadactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large toothed frog of South America and Central America resembling the bullfrog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polypedatidae", + "family Polypedatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tree frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polypedates", + "genus Polypedates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Polypedatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree frog", + "tree-frog" + ], + "it": [ + "raganella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old World arboreal frogs distinguished from true frogs by adhesive suckers on the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascaphidae", + "family Ascaphidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of one species of frog: tailed frog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascaphus", + "genus Ascaphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ascaphidae; in some classifications included in the family Leiopelmatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailed frog", + "bell toad", + "ribbed toad", + "tailed toad", + "Ascaphus trui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leiopelmatidae", + "family Leiopelmatidae", + "Liopelmidae", + "family Liopelmidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive New Zealand frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leiopelma", + "genus Leiopelma", + "Liopelma", + "genus Liopelma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liopelma hamiltoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive New Zealand frog with four unwebbed toes on forefeet and five on hind feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bufonidae", + "family Bufonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true toad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tailless amphibian similar to a frog but more terrestrial and having drier warty skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bufonidae; common toads of New and Old Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any toad of the genus Bufo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agua", + "agua toad", + "Bufo marinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European toad", + "Bufo bufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common toad of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natterjack", + "Bufo calamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common brownish-yellow short-legged toad of western Europe; runs rather than hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American toad", + "Bufo americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common toad of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian green toad", + "Bufo viridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian toad with variable chiefly green coloring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American green toad", + "Bufo debilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yosemite toad", + "Bufo canorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of high Sierra Nevada meadows and forest borders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas toad", + "Bufo speciosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwestern toad", + "Bufo microscaphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western toad", + "Bufo boreas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of a great variety of habitats from southern Alaska to Baja California west of the Rockies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Discoglossidae", + "family Discoglossidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of Old World toads having a fixed disklike tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alytes", + "genus Alytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "midwife toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstetrical toad", + "midwife toad", + "Alytes obstetricans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midwife toad", + "Alytes cisternasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombina", + "genus Bombina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire-bellied toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire-bellied toad", + "Bombina bombina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches mixed with black on its underside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelobatidae", + "family Pelobatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amphibian family of spadefoot toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scaphiopus", + "genus Scaphiopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World spadefoot toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spadefoot", + "spadefoot toad" + ], + "it": [ + "pelobate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western spadefoot", + "Scaphiopus hammondii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "this spadefoot toad live in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern spadefoot", + "Scaphiopus multiplicatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "this spadefoot toad lives in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plains spadefoot", + "Scaphiopus bombifrons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "this spadefoot toad lives in plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylidae", + "family Hylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amphibian family of tree frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree toad", + "tree frog", + "tree-frog" + ], + "it": [ + "raganella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyla", + "genus Hyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring peeper", + "Hyla crucifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific tree toad", + "Hyla regilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canyon treefrog", + "Hyla arenicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chameleon tree frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of tree toad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acris", + "genus Acris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cricket frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two frogs with a clicking call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern cricket frog", + "Acris crepitans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cricket frog of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i43999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern cricket frog", + "Acris gryllus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cricket frog of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudacris", + "genus Pseudacris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chorus frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small North American frogs having a loud call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pternohyla", + "genus Pternohyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing tree frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowland burrowing treefrog", + "northern casque-headed frog", + "Pternohyla fodiens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microhylidae", + "family Microhylidae", + "Brevicipitidae", + "family Brevicipitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastrophryne", + "genus Gastrophryne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primarily tropical narrow-mouthed toads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western narrow-mouthed toad", + "Gastrophryne olivacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern narrow-mouthed toad", + "Gastrophryne carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small toad of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypopachus", + "genus Hypopachus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheep frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly of Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipidae", + "family Pipidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tongueless frogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongueless frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almost completely aquatic frog native to Africa and Panama and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipa", + "genus Pipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pipidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surinam toad", + "Pipa pipa", + "Pipa americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenopodidae", + "family Xenopodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications the family of the genus Xenopus which is otherwise included in the family Pipidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenopus", + "genus Xenopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African clawed frog; in some classifications made the type genus of a separate family Xenopodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African clawed frog", + "Xenopus laevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tongueless frog native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American poison toad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American toad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnophiona", + "order Gymnophiona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of amphibians including caecilians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caeciliidae", + "family Caeciliidae", + "Caeciliadae", + "family Caeciliadae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caecilian", + "blindworm" + ], + "it": [ + "cecilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labyrinthodontia", + "superorder Labyrinthodontia", + "Labyrinthodonta", + "superorder Labyrinthodonta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labyrinthodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibian of the superorder Labyrinthodontia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stereospondyli", + "order Stereospondyli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stegocephalia", + "order Stegocephalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications a division of class Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temnospondyli", + "order Temnospondyli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reptile family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reptile genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reptilia", + "class Reptilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of cold-blooded air-breathing vertebrates with completely ossified skeleton and a body usually covered with scales or horny plates; once the dominant land animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reptile", + "reptilian" + ], + "it": [ + "rettile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anapsida", + "subclass Anapsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oldest known reptiles; turtles and extinct Permian forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anapsid", + "anapsid reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapsid", + "diapsid reptile" + ], + "it": [ + "diapside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reptile having a pair of openings in the skull behind each eye" + ], + "it": [ + "rettile caratterizzato dalla presenza di due aperture nel cranio in prossimità degli occhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diapsida", + "subclass Diapsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications to include all living reptiles except turtles; superseded by the two subclasses Lepidosauria and Archosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelonia", + "order Chelonia", + "Testudinata", + "order Testudinata", + "Testudines", + "order Testudines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tortoises and turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelonian", + "chelonian reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile of the order Chelonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtle" + ], + "it": [ + "tartaruga", + "testuggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aquatic and land reptiles having a bony shell and flipper-like limbs for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheloniidae", + "family Cheloniidae", + "Chelonidae", + "family Chelonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green turtles; hawksbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea turtle", + "marine turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large turtles with limbs modified into flippers; widely distributed in warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelonia", + "genus Chelonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green turtle", + "Chelonia mydas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caretta", + "genus Caretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loggerhead turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loggerhead", + "loggerhead turtle", + "Caretta caretta" + ], + "it": [ + "caretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide-ranging in warm open seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidochelys", + "genus Lepidochelys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ridleys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marine turtle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic ridley", + "bastard ridley", + "bastard turtle", + "Lepidochelys kempii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific ridley", + "olive ridley", + "Lepidochelys olivacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and the southern Atlantic oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eretmochelys", + "genus Eretmochelys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawksbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawksbill turtle", + "hawksbill", + "hawkbill", + "tortoiseshell turtle", + "Eretmochelys imbricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermochelyidae", + "family Dermochelyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermochelys", + "genus Dermochelys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dermochelyidae: leatherback turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherback turtle", + "leatherback", + "leathery turtle", + "Dermochelys coriacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wide-ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelydridae", + "family Chelydridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snapping turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapping turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large aggressive freshwater turtle with powerful jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelydra", + "genus Chelydra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snapping turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common snapping turtle", + "snapper", + "Chelydra serpentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macroclemys", + "genus Macroclemys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes the alligator snapping turtle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator snapping turtle", + "alligator snapper", + "Macroclemys temmincki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinosternidae", + "family Kinosternidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud turtles; musk turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinosternon", + "genus Kinosternon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Kinosternidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwelling freshwater turtle inhabiting muddy rivers of North America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sternotherus", + "genus Sternotherus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musk turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk turtle", + "stinkpot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emydidae", + "family Emydidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box and water turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrapin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various edible North American web-footed turtles living in fresh or brackish water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaclemys", + "genus Malaclemys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American terrapins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamondback terrapin", + "Malaclemys centrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudemys", + "genus Pseudemys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sliders; red-bellied terrapin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-bellied terrapin", + "red-bellied turtle", + "redbelly", + "Pseudemys rubriventris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater turtle of Chesapeake Bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slider", + "yellow-bellied terrapin", + "Pseudemys scripta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooter", + "river cooter", + "Pseudemys concinna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terrapene", + "genus Terrapene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box turtle", + "box tortoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western box turtle", + "Terrapene ornata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primarily a prairie turtle of western United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysemys", + "genus Chrysemys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painted turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted turtle", + "painted terrapin", + "painted tortoise", + "Chrysemys picta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Testudinidae", + "family Testudinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land tortoises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortoise" + ], + "it": [ + "tartaruga", + "testuggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually herbivorous land turtles having clawed elephant-like limbs; worldwide in arid area except Australia and Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Testudo", + "genus Testudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Testudinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European tortoise", + "Testudo graeca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small land tortoise of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geochelone", + "genus Geochelone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant tortoises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant tortoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gopherus", + "genus Gopherus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gopher tortoises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gopher tortoise", + "gopher turtle", + "gopher", + "Gopherus polypemus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xerobates", + "genus Xerobates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possible new genus for desert and Texas tortoises based on recent research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert tortoise", + "Gopherus agassizii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas tortoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close relative to the desert tortoise; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trionychidae", + "family Trionychidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-shelled turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shelled turtle", + "pancake turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trionyx", + "genus Trionyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Trionychidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny softshell", + "Trionyx spiniferus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth softshell", + "Trionyx muticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidosauria", + "subclass Lepidosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diapsid reptiles: lizards; snakes; tuataras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhynchocephalia", + "order Rhynchocephalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphenodon", + "genus Sphenodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Rhynchocephalia: tuataras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuatara", + "Sphenodon punctatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squamata", + "order Squamata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauria", + "suborder Sauria", + "Lacertilia", + "suborder Lacertilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true lizards; including chameleons and geckos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saurian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various reptiles of the suborder Sauria which includes lizards; in former classifications included also the crocodiles and dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lizard" + ], + "it": [ + "lucertola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gekkonidae", + "family Gekkonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geckos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gecko" + ], + "it": [ + "geco", + "tarantolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small chiefly tropical and usually nocturnal insectivorous terrestrial lizards typically with immovable eyelids; completely harmless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptychozoon", + "genus Ptychozoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying geckos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying gecko", + "fringed gecko", + "Ptychozoon homalocephalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gecko that has membranous expansions along the sides of its body and limbs and tail that enable it to glide short distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coleonyx", + "genus Coleonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banded geckos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded gecko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several geckos with dark bands across the body and differing from typical geckos in having movable eyelids; of United States southwest and Florida Gulf Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pygopodidae", + "family Pygopodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian and Tasmanian lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pygopus", + "genus Pygopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pygopodidae; snake-shaped pleurodont lizard with no forelimbs and only rudimentary hind limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iguanidae", + "family Iguanidae", + "Iguania", + "family Iguania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iguanid", + "iguanid lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Iguana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Iguanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common iguana", + "iguana", + "Iguana iguana" + ], + "it": [ + "iguana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amblyrhynchus", + "genus Amblyrhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine iguanas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine iguana", + "Amblyrhynchus cristatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipsosaurus", + "genus Dipsosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert iguanas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert iguana", + "Dipsosaurus dorsalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauromalus", + "genus Sauromalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chuckwallas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuckwalla", + "Sauromalus obesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herbivorous lizard that lives among rocks in the arid parts of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callisaurus", + "genus Callisaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "zebra-tailed lizard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebra-tailed lizard", + "gridiron-tailed lizard", + "Callisaurus draconoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uma", + "genus Uma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fringe-toed lizard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe-toed lizard", + "Uma notata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holbrookia", + "genus Holbrookia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earless lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earless lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several slender lizards without external ear openings: of plains of western United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crotaphytus", + "genus Crotaphytus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collared lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collared lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several robust long-tailed lizards with collars of two dark bands; of central and western United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambelia", + "genus Gambelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leopard lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large lizards with many dark spots; of western United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sceloporus", + "genus Sceloporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous lizards with overlapping ridged pointed scales; of North America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny lizard often seen basking on fences in the United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western fence lizard", + "swift", + "blue-belly", + "Sceloporus occidentalis" + ], + "it": [ + "sceloporo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern fence lizard", + "pine lizard", + "Sceloporus undulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagebrush lizard", + "Sceloporus graciosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uta", + "genus Uta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Iguanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side-blotched lizard", + "sand lizard", + "Uta stansburiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urosaurus", + "genus Urosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Iguanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree lizard", + "Urosaurus ornatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phrynosoma", + "genus Phrynosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horned lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned lizard", + "horned toad", + "horny frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas horned lizard", + "Phrynosoma cornutum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of arid and semiarid open country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basiliscus", + "genus Basiliscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Iguanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small crested arboreal lizard able to run on its hind legs; of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anolis", + "genus Anolis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World chameleons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American chameleon", + "anole", + "Anolis carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphisbaenidae", + "family Amphisbaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worm lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphisbaena", + "genus Amphisbaena", + "Amphisbaenia", + "genus Amphisbaenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Amphisbaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lizard of the genus Amphisbaena; harmless wormlike limbless lizard of warm or tropical regions having concealed eyes and ears and a short blunt tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xantusiidae", + "family Xantusiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "night lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small secretive nocturnal lizard of southwestern North America and Cuba; bear live young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scincidae", + "family Scincidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scincus", + "genus Scincus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Scincidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scincella", + "genus Scincella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Scincidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skink", + "scincid", + "scincid lizard" + ], + "it": [ + "scinco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumeces", + "genus Eumeces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World skinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western skink", + "Eumeces skiltonianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain skink", + "Eumeces callicephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordylidae", + "family Cordylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of spiny ovoviviparous African lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordylus", + "genus Cordylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teiidae", + "family Teiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiptails; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teiid lizard", + "teiid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cnemidophorus", + "genus Cnemidophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiptails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiptail", + "whiptail lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racerunner", + "race runner", + "six-lined racerunner", + "Cnemidophorus sexlineatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very swift lizard of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plateau striped whiptail", + "Cnemidophorus velox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chihuahuan spotted whiptail", + "Cnemidophorus exsanguis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western whiptail", + "Cnemidophorus tigris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkered whiptail", + "Cnemidophorus tesselatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupinambis", + "genus Tupinambis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tejus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teju" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (to 3 feet) blackish yellow-banded South American lizard; raid henhouses; used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caiman lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crocodile-like lizard of South America having powerful jaws for crushing snails and mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agamidae", + "family Agamidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old World reptile family of Sauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agamid", + "agamid lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lizard of the family Agamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Agama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Agamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamydosaurus", + "genus Chlamydosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frilled lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frilled lizard", + "Chlamydosaurus kingi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Draco", + "genus Draco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus known as flying dragons or flying lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon", + "flying dragon", + "flying lizard" + ], + "it": [ + "drago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Moloch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian desert lizard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moloch" + ], + "it": [ + "moloc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any lizard of the genus Moloch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain devil", + "spiny lizard", + "Moloch horridus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert lizard that feeds on ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguidae", + "family Anguidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alligator lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anguid lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a small family of lizards widely distributed in warm areas; all are harmless and useful as destroyers of e.g. slugs and insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerrhonotus", + "genus Gerrhonotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alligator lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slim short-limbed lizard having a distinctive fold on each side that permits expansion; of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguis", + "genus Anguis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anguidae: blindworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindworm", + "slowworm", + "Anguis fragilis" + ], + "it": [ + "orbettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophisaurus", + "genus Ophisaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass lizard", + "glass snake", + "joint snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snakelike lizard of Europe and Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenosauridae", + "family Xenosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic family of Mexican lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenosaurus", + "genus Xenosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tubercles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anniellidae", + "family Anniellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legless lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legless lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degenerate wormlike burrowing lizard of California closely related to alligator lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanthanotidae", + "family Lanthanotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanthanotus", + "genus Lanthanotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanthanotus borneensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helodermatidae", + "family Helodermatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only known venomous lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venomous lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of two or three large heavy-bodied lizards; only known venomous lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heloderma", + "genus Heloderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Helodermatidae; American venomous lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gila monster", + "Heloderma suspectum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaded lizard", + "Mexican beaded lizard", + "Heloderma horridum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lacertidae", + "family Lacertidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacertid lizard", + "lacertid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World terrestrial lizard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lacerta", + "genus Lacerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lacertidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand lizard", + "Lacerta agilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green lizard", + "Lacerta viridis" + ], + "it": [ + "lucertolone", + "racano", + "ragano", + "ramarro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaeleontidae", + "family Chamaeleontidae", + "Chamaeleonidae", + "family Chamaeleonidae", + "Rhiptoglossa", + "family Rhiptoglossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chameleon", + "chamaeleon" + ], + "it": [ + "camaleonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaeleo", + "genus Chamaeleo", + "genus Chamaeleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chamaeleontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African chameleon", + "Chamaeleo chamaeleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chameleon found in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned chameleon", + "Chamaeleo oweni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of chameleon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varanidae", + "family Varanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monitor lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varanus", + "genus Varanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole extant genus of the Varanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor", + "monitor lizard", + "varan" + ], + "it": [ + "varano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African monitor", + "Varanus niloticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroys crocodile eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Komodo dragon", + "Komodo lizard", + "dragon lizard", + "giant lizard", + "Varanus komodoensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archosauria", + "subclass Archosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archosaur", + "archosaurian", + "archosaurian reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saurosuchus", + "genus Saurosuchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early archosaurian carnivore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proterochampsa", + "genus Proterochampsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early archosaurian carnivore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crocodylia", + "order Crocodylia", + "Crocodilia", + "order Crocodilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loricata", + "order Loricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former name for the order Crocodylia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocodilian reptile", + "crocodilian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extant archosaurian reptile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crocodylidae", + "family Crocodylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true crocodiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crocodylus", + "genus Crocodylus", + "Crocodilus", + "genus Crocodilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Crocodylidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocodile" + ], + "it": [ + "coccodrillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large voracious aquatic reptile having a long snout with massive jaws and sharp teeth and a body covered with bony plates; of sluggish tropical waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African crocodile", + "Nile crocodile", + "Crocodylus niloticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian crocodile", + "Crocodylus porosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morlett's crocodile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of crocodile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tomistoma", + "genus Tomistoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Malayan crocodiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false gavial", + "Tomistoma schlegeli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alligatoridae", + "family Alligatoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alligators; caimans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Alligator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Alligatoridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator", + "gator" + ], + "it": [ + "alligatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two amphibious reptiles related to crocodiles but with shorter broader snouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American alligator", + "Alligator mississipiensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large alligator of the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese alligator", + "Alligator sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small alligator of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Caiman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caimans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caiman", + "cayman" + ], + "it": [ + "caimano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiaquatic reptile of Central and South America that resembles an alligator but has a more heavily armored belly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacled caiman", + "Caiman sclerops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gavialidae", + "family Gavialidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gavials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gavialis", + "genus Gavialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gavialidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gavial", + "Gavialis gangeticus" + ], + "it": [ + "gaviale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinosaur" + ], + "it": [ + "dinosauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous extinct terrestrial reptiles of the Mesozoic era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ornithischia", + "order Ornithischia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithischian", + "ornithischian dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pisanosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Argentina; early Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisanosaur", + "pisanosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive dinosaur found in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Staurikosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staurikosaur", + "staurikosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive dinosaur found in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thyreophora", + "suborder Thyreophora", + "thyreophoran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dinosaurs having bony armour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stegosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quadrupedal armored herbivore of the Jurassic and Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stegosaur", + "stegosaurus", + "Stegosaur stenops" + ], + "it": [ + "stegosauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ankylosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armored herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankylosaur", + "ankylosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edmontonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marginocephalia", + "suborder Marginocephalia", + "marginocephalian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborder Pachycephalosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boneheaded dinosaurs; late Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone-headed dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs with bony crowns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachycephalosaur", + "pachycephalosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest boneheaded dinosaur ever found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopsia", + "suborder Ceratopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horned dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceratopsian", + "horned dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several four-footed herbivorous dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopsidae", + "family Ceratopsidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American ceratopsian dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Protoceratops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small horned dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoceratops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small horned dinosaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Triceratops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbivorous horned dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triceratops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge ceratopsian dinosaur having three horns and the neck heavily armored with a very solid frill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Styracosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of horned dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "styracosaur", + "styracosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Psittacosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most primitive genus of horned dinosaurs; early Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psittacosaur", + "psittacosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind limbs and short forelimbs; may have been bipedal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euronithopoda", + "suborder Euronithopoda", + "euronithopod", + "Ornithopoda", + "suborder Ornithopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithopod", + "ornithopod dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bipedal herbivorous dinosaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hadrosauridae", + "family Hadrosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duck-billed dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hadrosaur", + "hadrosaurus", + "duck-billed dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anatotitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large duck-billed dinosaurs; late Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatotitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the largest and most famous duck-billed dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Corythosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of duck-billed dinosaurs of late Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corythosaur", + "corythosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Edmontosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duck-billed dinosaurs of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edmontosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duck-billed dinosaur from Canada found as a fossilized mummy with skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Trachodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of the suborder Euronithopoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trachodon", + "trachodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large duck-billed dinosaur of the Cretaceous period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iguanodontidae", + "family Iguanodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iguanodons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Iguanodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Iguanodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iguanodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive herbivorous bipedal dinosaur with a long heavy tail; common in Europe and northern Africa; early Cretaceous period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saurischia", + "order Saurischia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saurischian", + "saurischian dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauropodomorpha", + "suborder Sauropodomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prosauropoda", + "suborder Prosauropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest known dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauropoda", + "suborder Sauropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the sauropod dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauropod", + "sauropod dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Apatosaurus", + "genus Brontosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apatosaur", + "apatosaurus", + "brontosaur", + "brontosaurus", + "thunder lizard", + "Apatosaurus excelsus" + ], + "it": [ + "brontosauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Barosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur; late Jurassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barosaur", + "barosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dinosaur that could grow to be as tall as a building five stories tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Diplodocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of the suborder Sauropoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplodocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a huge quadrupedal herbivore with long neck and tail; of late Jurassic in western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titanosauridae", + "family Titanosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titanosaurus", + "genus Titanosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titanosaur", + "titanosaurian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Argentinosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argentinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge herbivorous dinosaur of Cretaceous found in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seismosaurus", + "genus Seismosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground-shaker", + "seismosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theropoda", + "suborder Theropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theropod", + "theropod dinosaur", + "bird-footed dinosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborder Ceratosaura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive saurischian dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ceratosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive saurischian carnivorous dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceratosaur", + "ceratosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coelophysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "late Triassic carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelophysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the oldest known dinosaurs; late Triassic; cannibalistic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnosaura", + "suborder Carnosaura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest carnivorous land animals ever known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having huge claws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tyrannosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes a single species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrannosaur", + "tyrannosaurus", + "Tyrannosaurus rex" + ], + "it": [ + "tirannosauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; later Cretaceous period in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Allosaurus", + "genus Antrodemus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous dinosaur of North America; late Jurassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allosaur", + "allosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Compsognathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Theropoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compsognathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small bipedal carnivorous dinosaur of the late Jurassic in Bavaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Herrerasaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herrerasaur", + "herrerasaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Eoraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eoraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theropod dinosaur of the genus Eoraptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megalosauridae", + "family Megalosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "megalosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Megalosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Megalosauridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalosaur", + "megalosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ornithomimida", + "suborder Ornithomimida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly built medium-size theropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithomimid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly built medium-sized dinosaur having extremely long limbs and necks with small heads and big brains and large eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Struthiomimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small toothless saurischian dinosaurs; later Cretaceous period in Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "struthiomimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small light-boned toothless dinosaur resembling an ostrich in size and proportions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Deinocheirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Ornithomimida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deinocheirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly built medium-sized theropod with long limbs and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maniraptora", + "suborder Maniraptora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maniraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced carnivorous theropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oviraptorid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced carnivorous theropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Velociraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced carnivorous theropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velociraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small active carnivore that probably fed on protoceratops; possibly related more closely to birds than to other dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dromaeosauridae", + "family Dromaeosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift-running bipedal dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dromaeosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of maniraptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Deinonychus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deinonychus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift agile wolf-sized bipedal dinosaur having a large curved claw on each hind foot; of the Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Utahraptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utahraptor", + "superslasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright slashing claw 15 inches long on each hind foot; early Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mononychus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorities disagree over whether to classify the genus as bird or dinosaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mononychus olecranus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turkey-sized long-legged fossil 75 million years old found in the Gobi Desert having bird-like fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synapsida", + "subclass Synapsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synapsid", + "synapsid reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Therapsida", + "order Therapsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapsid", + "protomammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chronoperates", + "genus Chronoperates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Therapsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chronoperates paradoxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta region of Canada; from about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynodontia", + "division Cynodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of the order Therapsida from the Triassic period comprising small carnivorous tetrapod reptiles often with mammal-like teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small carnivorous reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exaeretodon", + "genus Exaeretodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of reptiles of the division Cynodontia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicynodontia", + "division Dicynodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of Therapsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicynodont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of therapsid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ischigualastia", + "genus Ischigualastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early reptile found in Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ictodosauria", + "order Ictodosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct reptiles of the later Triassic period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ictodosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intermediate in form between the therapsids and most primitive true mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelycosauria", + "order Pelycosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edaphosaurus; dimetrodon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelycosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive reptile having a tall spinal sail; of the Permian or late Paleozoic in Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edaphosauridae", + "family Edaphosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of reptiles of the order Pelycosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Edaphosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Edaphosauridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edaphosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied reptile with a dorsal sail or crest; of the late Paleozoic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dimetrodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Pelycosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimetrodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous dinosaur of the Permian in North America having a crest or dorsal sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterosauria", + "order Pterosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterosaur", + "flying reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a bird-like beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterodactylidae", + "family Pterodactylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile family in the order Pterosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterodactylus", + "genus Pterodactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Pterodactylidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterodactyl" + ], + "it": [ + "pterodattilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct flying reptile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thecodontia", + "order Thecodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thecodont", + "thecodont reptile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ichthyosauria", + "order Ichthyosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several marine reptiles of the Mesozoic having a body like a porpoise with dorsal and tail fins and paddle-shaped limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ichthyosauridae", + "family Ichthyosauridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "later ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous; widely distributed in both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ichthyosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ichthyosauridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyosaurus" + ], + "it": [ + "ictiosauro", + "ittiosauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Stenopterygius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of Ichthyosauridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenopterygius", + "Stenopterygius quadrisicissus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauropterygia", + "order Sauropterygia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plesiosauria", + "suborder Plesiosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the plesiosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Plesiosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reptile genus of suborder Plesiosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plesiosaur", + "plesiosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nothosauria", + "suborder Nothosauria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suborder of Sauropterygia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nothosaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Nothosauria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nothosaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct marine reptile with longer more slender limbs than plesiosaurs and less completely modified for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serpentes", + "suborder Serpentes", + "Ophidia", + "suborder Ophidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake", + "serpent", + "ophidian" + ], + "it": [ + "serpente", + "serpe", + "colubro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colubridae", + "family Colubridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonvenomous snakes; about two-thirds of all living species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colubrid snake", + "colubrid" + ], + "it": [ + "colubride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoop snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various harmless North American snakes that were formerly believed to take tail in mouth and roll along like a hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carphophis", + "genus Carphophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thunder snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder snake", + "worm snake", + "Carphophis amoenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diadophis", + "genus Diadophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of reptiles of the family Colubridae including ringneck snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringneck snake", + "ring-necked snake", + "ring snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterodon", + "genus Heterodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hognose snake", + "puff adder", + "sand viper" + ], + "it": [ + "vipera del deserto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllorhynchus", + "genus Phyllorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf-nosed snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf-nosed snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pale blotched snakes with a blunt snout of southwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opheodrys", + "genus Opheodrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American green snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green snake", + "grass snake" + ], + "it": [ + "biscia d'erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two North American chiefly insectivorous snakes that are green in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth green snake", + "Opheodrys vernalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough green snake", + "Opheodrys aestivus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern and eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophis", + "genus Chlorophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African green snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous African colubrid snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coluber", + "genus Coluber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "racers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender fast-moving North American snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacksnake", + "black racer", + "Coluber constrictor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue racer", + "Coluber constrictor flaviventris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe whipsnake", + "Coluber hippocrepis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender fast-moving Eurasian snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masticophis", + "genus Masticophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip-snake", + "whip snake", + "whipsnake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small fast-moving snakes with long whiplike tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coachwhip", + "coachwhip snake", + "Masticophis flagellum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California whipsnake", + "striped racer", + "Masticophis lateralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonoran whipsnake", + "Masticophis bilineatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various nonvenomous rodent-eating snakes of North America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaphe", + "genus Elaphe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American rat snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn snake", + "red rat snake", + "Elaphe guttata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black rat snake", + "blacksnake", + "pilot blacksnake", + "mountain blacksnake", + "Elaphe obsoleta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large harmless shiny black North American snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptyas", + "genus Ptyas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian rat snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian rat snake", + "Ptyas mucosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter buildings in pursuit of prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona", + "genus Arizona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glossy snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossy snake", + "Arizona elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pituophis", + "genus Pituophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bull snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull snake", + "bull-snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gopher snake", + "Pituophis melanoleucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bull snakes of eastern and southeastern United States found chiefly in pine woods; now threatened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lampropeltis", + "genus Lampropeltis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king snakes and milk snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king snake", + "kingsnake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common kingsnake", + "Lampropeltis getulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk snake", + "house snake", + "milk adder", + "checkered adder", + "Lampropeltis triangulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thamnophis", + "genus Thamnophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garter snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garter snake", + "grass snake" + ], + "it": [ + "biscia d'erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North American and Central American snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common garter snake", + "Thamnophis sirtalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garter snake that is widespread in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon snake", + "Thamnophis sauritus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western ribbon snake", + "Thamnophis proximus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tropidoclonion", + "genus Tropidoclonion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lined snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lined snake", + "Tropidoclonion lineatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonora", + "genus Sonora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground snake", + "Sonora semiannulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potamophis", + "genus Potamophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haldea", + "genus Haldea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern ground snake", + "Potamophis striatula", + "Haldea striatula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-grey snake of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly harmless snakes that live in or near water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natrix", + "genus Natrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water snakes; a cosmopolitan genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nerodia", + "genus Nerodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American water snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common water snake", + "banded water snake", + "Natrix sipedon", + "Nerodia sipedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water moccasin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous North American water snakes inhabiting fresh waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass snake", + "ring snake", + "ringed snake", + "Natrix natrix" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "biscia d'erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viperine grass snake", + "Natrix maura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small harmless grass snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Storeria", + "genus Storeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Colubridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-bellied snake", + "Storeria occipitamaculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilomeniscus", + "genus Chilomeniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American burrowing snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded sand snake", + "Chilomeniscus cinctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tantilla", + "genus Tantilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-headed snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-headed snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small secretive ground-living snake; found from central United States to Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxybelis", + "genus Oxybelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vine snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vine snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender arboreal snake found from southern Arizona to Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trimorphodon", + "genus Trimorphodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lyre snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyre snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mildly venomous snake with a lyre-shaped mark on the head; found in rocky areas from southwestern United States to Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonoran lyre snake", + "Trimorphodon lambda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of desert regions of southwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypsiglena", + "genus Hypsiglena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "night snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night snake", + "Hypsiglena torquata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Typhlopidae", + "family Typhlopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blind snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptotyphlopidae", + "family Leptotyphlopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blind snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind snake", + "worm snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptotyphlops", + "genus Leptotyphlops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blind snakes of Asia and Africa and Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western blind snake", + "Leptotyphlops humilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drymarchon", + "genus Drymarchon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Colubridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigo snake", + "gopher snake", + "Drymarchon corais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern indigo snake", + "Drymarchon corais couperi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of indigo snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constrictor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large nonvenomous snakes that kill their prey by crushing it in its coils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boidae", + "family Boidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boas and pythons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boa" + ], + "it": [ + "boa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several chiefly tropical constrictors with vestigial hind limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boa constrictor", + "Constrictor constrictor" + ], + "it": [ + "boa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large boa of tropical America and West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charina", + "genus Charina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boas of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber boa", + "tow-headed snake", + "Charina bottae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lichanura", + "genus Lichanura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boas of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosy boa", + "Lichanura trivirgata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eunectes", + "genus Eunectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anacondas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaconda", + "Eunectes murinus" + ], + "it": [ + "anaconda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large arboreal boa of tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythoninae", + "subfamily Pythoninae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World boas: pythons; in some classifications considered a separate family from Boidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythonidae", + "family Pythonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications a family separate from Boidae comprising Old World boas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "python" + ], + "it": [ + "pitone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Old World boas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Python" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World boas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet snake", + "Python variegatus", + "Morelia spilotes variegatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulated python", + "Python reticulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian python", + "Python molurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large python of southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock python", + "rock snake", + "Python sebae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large python of tropical and southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amethystine python" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a python having the color of amethyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elapidae", + "family Elapidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cobras; kraits; mambas; coral snakes; Australian taipan and tiger snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elapid", + "elapid snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous venomous fanged snakes of warmer parts of both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral snake", + "harlequin-snake", + "New World coral snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several venomous New World snakes brilliantly banded in red and black and either yellow or white; widely distributed in South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micrurus", + "genus Micrurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern coral snake", + "Micrurus fulvius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ranges from Central America to southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micruroides", + "genus Micruroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western coral snake", + "Micruroides euryxanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ranges from Central America to southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral snake", + "Old World coral snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various venomous elapid snakes of Asia and Africa and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calliophis", + "genus Calliophis", + "Callophis", + "genus Callophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian coral snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspidelaps", + "genus Aspidelaps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African coral snake", + "Aspidelaps lubricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small widely distributed arboreal snake of southern Africa banded in black and orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhynchoelaps", + "genus Rhynchoelaps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian coral snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian coral snake", + "Rhynchoelaps australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small venomous but harmless snake marked with black-and-white on red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denisonia", + "genus Denisonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copperheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperhead", + "Denisonia superba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naja", + "genus Naja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cobras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobra" + ], + "it": [ + "cobra", + "naia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous Asiatic and African elapid snakes that can expand the skin of the neck into a hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) an expandable part or marking that resembles a hood on the head or neck of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian cobra", + "Naja naja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cobra of tropical Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asp", + "Egyptian cobra", + "Naja haje" + ], + "it": [ + "aspide", + "cobra egiziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cobra used by the Pharaohs as a symbol of their power over life and death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiophagus", + "genus Ophiophagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king cobra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-necked cobra", + "spitting cobra", + "Naja nigricollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggressive cobra widely distributed in Africa; rarely bites but spits venom that may cause blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamadryad", + "king cobra", + "Ophiophagus hannah", + "Naja hannah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large cobra of southeastern Asia and the East Indies; the largest venomous snake; sometimes placed in genus Naja" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemachatus", + "genus Hemachatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ringhals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringhals", + "rinkhals", + "spitting snake", + "Hemachatus haemachatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendroaspis", + "genus Dendroaspis", + "Dendraspis", + "genus Dendraspis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mambas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal snake of central and southern Africa whose bite is often fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mamba", + "Dendroaspis augusticeps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly venomous southern African mamba dreaded because of its quickness and readiness to bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green mamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green phase of the black mamba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthophis", + "genus Acanthophis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian elapid snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death adder", + "Acanthophis antarcticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous Australian snake resembling an adder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notechis", + "genus Notechis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiger snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger snake", + "Notechis scutatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly venomous brown-and-yellow snake of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudechis", + "genus Pseudechis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous Australian blacksnakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian blacksnake", + "Pseudechis porphyriacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large semiaquatic snake of Australia; black above with red belly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bungarus", + "genus Bungarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kraits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored venomous but nonaggressive snake of southeastern Asia and Malay peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded krait", + "banded adder", + "Bungarus fasciatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sluggish krait banded with black and yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxyuranus", + "genus Oxyuranus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taipans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taipan", + "Oxyuranus scutellatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large highly venomous snake of northeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrophidae", + "family Hydrophidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous venomous aquatic viviparous snakes having a fin-like tail; of warm littoral seas; feed on fish which they immobilize with quick-acting venom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viperidae", + "family Viperidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World vipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viper" + ], + "it": [ + "vipera", + "marasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous Old World snakes characterized by hollow venom-conducting fangs in the upper jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vipera", + "genus Vipera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Viperidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adder", + "common viper", + "Vipera berus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asp", + "asp viper", + "Vipera aspis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern Europe; similar to but smaller than the adder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bitis", + "genus Bitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Viperidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff adder", + "Bitis arietans" + ], + "it": [ + "vipera del deserto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large African viper that inflates its body when alarmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaboon viper", + "Bitis gabonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heavy-bodied brilliantly marked and extremely venomous west African viper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cerastes", + "Aspis", + "genus Aspis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horned vipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned viper", + "cerastes", + "sand viper", + "horned asp", + "Cerastes cornutus" + ], + "it": [ + "ceraste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly venomous viper of northern Africa and southwestern Asia having a horny spine above each eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crotalidae", + "family Crotalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World vipers: pit vipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit viper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World vipers with hollow fangs and a heat-sensitive pit on each side of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agkistrodon", + "genus Agkistrodon", + "Ancistrodon", + "genus Ancistrodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copperheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperhead", + "Agkistrodon contortrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common coppery brown pit viper of upland eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water moccasin", + "cottonmouth", + "cottonmouth moccasin", + "Agkistrodon piscivorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous semiaquatic snake of swamps in southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosely connected horny sections at the end of a rattlesnake's tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattlesnake", + "rattler" + ], + "it": [ + "crotalo", + "serpente a sonagli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crotalus", + "genus Crotalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large rattlesnakes; seldom bite unless startled or pursuing prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamondback", + "diamondback rattlesnake", + "Crotalus adamanteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deadly rattlesnake with diamond-shaped markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber rattlesnake", + "banded rattlesnake", + "Crotalus horridus horridus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in rugged ground of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canebrake rattlesnake", + "canebrake rattler", + "Crotalus horridus atricaudatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie rattlesnake", + "prairie rattler", + "Western rattlesnake", + "Crotalus viridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed between the Mississippi and the Rockies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidewinder", + "horned rattlesnake", + "Crotalus cerastes" + ], + "it": [ + "crotalo ceraste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pale-colored desert rattlesnake of southwestern United States; body moves in an s-shaped curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western diamondback", + "Western diamondback rattlesnake", + "Crotalus atrox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest and most dangerous North American snake; of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock rattlesnake", + "Crotalus lepidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain rock dweller of Mexico and most southern parts of United States southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger rattlesnake", + "Crotalus tigris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having irregularly cross-banded back; of arid foothills and canyons of southern Arizona and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mojave rattlesnake", + "Crotalus scutulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely dangerous; most common in areas of scattered scrubby growth; from Mojave Desert to western Texas and into Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speckled rattlesnake", + "Crotalus mitchellii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "markings vary but usually harmonize with background; of southwestern Arizona and Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sistrurus", + "genus Sistrurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pygmy rattlesnakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massasauga", + "massasauga rattler", + "Sistrurus catenatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pygmy rattlesnake found in moist areas from the Great Lakes to Mexico; feeds on mice and small amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground rattler", + "massasauga", + "Sistrurus miliaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pygmy rattlesnake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bothrops", + "genus Bothrops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fer-de-lance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fer-de-lance", + "Bothrops atrops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large extremely venomous pit viper of Central America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beak", + "bill", + "neb", + "nib", + "pecker" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "rostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horny projecting mouth of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beaklike mouth of animals other than birds (e.g., turtles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy, waxy covering at the base of the upper beak of some birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carcase", + "carcass" + ], + "it": [ + "carcame", + "carcassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dead body of an animal especially one slaughtered and dressed for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrion" + ], + "it": [ + "carcassa", + "carogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dead and rotting body of an animal; unfit for human food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadkill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dead body of an animal that has been killed on a road by a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthropod family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthropod genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arthropoda", + "phylum Arthropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jointed-foot invertebrates: arachnids; crustaceans; insects; millipedes; centipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthropod" + ], + "it": [ + "artropodi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invertebrate having jointed limbs and a segmented body with an exoskeleton made of chitin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trilobite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct arthropod that was abundant in Paleozoic times; had an exoskeleton divided into three parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelicerata", + "superclass Chelicerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiders; scorpions; horseshoe crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelicera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the first pair of fang-like appendages near the mouth of an arachnid; often modified for grasping and piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any part of the mouth of an insect or other arthropod especially one adapted to a specific way of feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arachnida", + "class Arachnida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large class of arthropods including spiders and ticks and scorpions and daddy longlegs; have four pairs of walking legs and no wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arachnid", + "arachnoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air-breathing arthropods characterized by simple eyes and four pairs of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalangida", + "order Phalangida", + "Opiliones", + "order Opiliones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harvestmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalangiidae", + "family Phalangiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Phalangida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalangium", + "genus Phalangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Phalangiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvestman", + "daddy longlegs", + "Phalangium opilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiderlike arachnid with a small rounded body and very long thin legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpionida", + "order Scorpionida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpion" + ], + "it": [ + "scorpione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arachnid of warm dry regions having a long segmented tail ending in a venomous stinger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelonethida", + "order Chelonethida", + "Pseudoscorpionida", + "order Pseudoscorpionida", + "Pseudoscorpiones", + "order Pseudoscorpiones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false scorpion", + "pseudoscorpion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nonvenomous arachnid resembling a tailless scorpion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelifer", + "genus Chelifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Chelonethida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book scorpion", + "Chelifer cancroides" + ], + "it": [ + "Chelifer cancroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute arachnid sometimes found in old papers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pedipalpi", + "order Pedipalpi", + "Uropygi", + "order Uropygi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip-scorpion", + "whip scorpion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonvenomous arachnid that resembles a scorpion and that has a long thin tail without a stinger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastigoproctus", + "genus Mastigoproctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant whip scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegarroon", + "Mastigoproctus giganteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large whip-scorpion of Mexico and southern United States that emits a vinegary odor when alarmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araneae", + "order Araneae", + "Araneida", + "order Araneida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider" + ], + "it": [ + "ragno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predatory arachnid with eight legs, two poison fangs, two feelers, and usually two silk-spinning organs at the back end of the body; they spin silk to make cocoons for eggs or traps for prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orb-weaving spider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spider that spins a circular (or near circular) web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argiopidae", + "family Argiopidae", + "orb-weaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiders that spin orb webs; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argiope", + "genus Argiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of Argiopidae; small genus of orb-weaving spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black and gold garden spider", + "Argiope aurantia" + ], + "it": [ + "Argiope aurantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed North American garden spider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aranea", + "genus Aranea", + "Araneus", + "genus Araneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of orb-weaving spiders including common garden spiders and barn spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn spider", + "Araneus cavaticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Araneus cavaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange and tan spider with darkly banded legs that spins an orb web daily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden spider", + "Aranea diademata" + ], + "it": [ + "Aranea diademata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spider common in European gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theridiidae", + "family Theridiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of comb-footed spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb-footed spider", + "theridiid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spider having a comb-like row of bristles on each hind foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latrodectus", + "genus Latrodectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black widow", + "Latrodectus mactans" + ], + "it": [ + "Latrodectus mactans", + "vedova nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous New World spider; the female is black with an hourglass-shaped red mark on the underside of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theraphosidae", + "family Theraphosidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical spiders; tarantulas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarantula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hairy tropical spider with fangs that can inflict painful but not highly venomous bites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycosidae", + "family Lycosidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wolf spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf spider", + "hunting spider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground spider that hunts its prey instead of using a web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycosa", + "genus Lycosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Lycosidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European wolf spider", + "tarantula", + "Lycosa tarentula" + ], + "it": [ + "Lycosa tarentula", + "tarantola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large southern European spider once thought to be the cause of tarantism (uncontrollable bodily movement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ctenizidae", + "family Ctenizidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large burrowing spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap-door spider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American spider that constructs a silk-lined nest with a hinged lid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acarina", + "order Acarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mites and ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mite or tick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick" + ], + "it": [ + "zecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of two families of small parasitic arachnids with barbed proboscis; feed on blood of warm-blooded animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodidae", + "family Ixodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard tick", + "ixodid" + ], + "it": [ + "zecca dura", + "ixodide", + "zecca a corpo duro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ticks having a hard shield on the back and mouth parts that project from the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes", + "genus Ixodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ixodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes dammini", + "deer tick" + ], + "it": [ + "Ixodes dammini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northeastern tick now recognized as same species as Ixodes scapularis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes neotomae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tick that usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to dusky-footed wood rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes pacificus", + "western black-legged tick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tick that feeds on dusky-footed wood rat and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in western United States especially northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes scapularis", + "black-legged tick" + ], + "it": [ + "Ixodes scapularis", + "zecca del daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic on mice of genus Peromyscus and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in eastern United States (especially New England); northern form was for a time known as Ixodes dammini (deer tick)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep-tick", + "sheep tick", + "Ixodes ricinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ixodes ricinus", + "zecca dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic on sheep and cattle as well as humans; can transmit looping ill in sheep (acute viral disease of the nervous system); a vector for Lyme disease spirochete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes persulcatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ixodes persulcatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bites humans; a vector for Lyme disease spirochete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes dentatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixodes spinipalpis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermacentor", + "genus Dermacentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vectors of important diseases of man and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood tick", + "American dog tick", + "Dermacentor variabilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Dermacentor variabilis", + "zecca del cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common tick that can transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argasidae", + "family Argasidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft tick", + "argasid" + ], + "it": [ + "zecca molle", + "argaside", + "zecca a corpo molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tick lacking a dorsal shield and having mouth parts on the under side of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mite" + ], + "it": [ + "acaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous very small to minute arachnids often infesting animals or plants or stored foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web-spinning mite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mite that spins a web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acaridae", + "family Acaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acarid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small free-living arachnid that is parasitic on animals or plants; related to ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trombidiidae", + "family Trombidiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trombidiid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mite that in all stages feeds on other arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trombiculidae", + "family Trombiculidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trombiculid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mite that as nymph and adult feeds on early stages of small arthropods but whose larvae are parasitic on terrestrial vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trombicula", + "genus Trombicula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Trombiculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest mite", + "chigger", + "jigger", + "redbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larval mite that sucks the blood of vertebrates including human beings causing intense irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcoptidae", + "family Sarcoptidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small whitish mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcoptes", + "genus Sarcoptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Sarcoptidae: itch mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acarus", + "genus Acarus" + ], + "it": [ + "acaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several mites of the order Acarina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itch mite", + "sarcoptid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish mites that attack the skin of humans and other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust mite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several varieties of mite that burrow into plants and cause a reddish-brown discoloration on the leaves or fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetranychidae", + "family Tetranychidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant-feeding mites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider mite", + "tetranychid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web-spinning mite that attacks garden plants and fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panonychus", + "genus Panonychus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Tetranychidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red spider", + "red spider mite", + "Panonychus ulmi" + ], + "it": [ + "Panonychus ulmi", + "ragnetto rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small web-spinning mite; a serious orchard pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superclass Myriapoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications to encompass the millipedes (Diplopoda) and centipedes (Chilopoda); formerly a large taxon including also the Pauropoda and Symphyla; the term Myriapoda now usually used synonymously with Diplopoda and limited to the millipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myriapod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general term for any terrestrial arthropod having an elongated body composed of many similar segments: e.g. centipedes and millipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pauropoda", + "class Pauropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obscure class of minute arthropods with branched antennae and 8 to 10 pairs of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symphyla", + "class Symphyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small class of minute arthropods; unimportant except for the garden centipede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scutigerella", + "genus Scutigerella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden centipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden centipede", + "garden symphilid", + "symphilid", + "Scutigerella immaculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute arthropod often infesting the underground parts of truck-garden and greenhouse crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tardigrada", + "class Tardigrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a separate phylum: microscopic arachnid-like invertebrates living in water or damp moss having 4 pairs of legs and instead of a mouth a pair of stylets or needlelike piercing organs connected with the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tardigrade" + ], + "it": [ + "tardigrado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod of the division Tardigrada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilopoda", + "class Chilopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arthropods having the trunk composed of numerous somites each bearing one pair of legs: centipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centipede" + ], + "it": [ + "centogambe", + "centopiedi", + "iulo", + "millepiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly nocturnal predacious arthropod having a flattened body of 15 to 173 segments each with a pair of legs, the foremost pair being modified as prehensors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prehensor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior pair of legs of a centipede that are modified to seize prey and inject venom from the toxicognaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxicognath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of poison fangs in the modified front pair of legs of the centipede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appendage of insects that is capable of injecting venom; usually evolved from the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scutigeridae", + "family Scutigeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Chilopoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scutigera", + "genus Scutigera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scutigeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house centipede", + "Scutigera coleoptrata" + ], + "it": [ + "Scutigera coleoptrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged centipede common in damp places as e.g. cellars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geophilomorpha", + "order Geophilomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small elongate centipedes living in soil and under stones and having more than 30 pairs of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geophilidae", + "family Geophilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small extremely elongate centipedes that live in earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geophilus", + "genus Geophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Geophilidae: a cosmopolitan genus of centipedes sometimes called earwigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diplopoda", + "class Diplopoda", + "Myriapoda", + "class Myriapoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arthropods having the body composed of numerous double somites each with two pairs of legs: millipedes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millipede", + "millepede", + "milliped" + ], + "it": [ + "millepiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous herbivorous nonpoisonous arthropods having a cylindrical body of 20 to 100 or more segments most with two pairs of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pycnogonida", + "order Pycnogonida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea spider", + "pycnogonid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small spiderlike marine arthropods having small thin bodies and long slender legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merostomata", + "class Merostomata" + ], + "it": [ + "Merostomata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications; includes the orders Xiphosura and Eurypterida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xiphosura", + "order Xiphosura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe crabs and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limulidae", + "family Limulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limulus", + "genus Limulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Limulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe crab", + "king crab", + "Limulus polyphemus", + "Xiphosurus polyphemus" + ], + "it": [ + "Limulus polyphemus", + "granchio a ferro di cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large marine arthropod of the Atlantic coast of North America having a domed carapace that is shaped like a horseshoe and a stiff pointed tail; a living fossil related to the wood louse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tachypleus", + "genus Tachypleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Limulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian horseshoe crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe crab of the coast of eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurypterida", + "order Eurypterida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct aquatic arthropods of the Paleozoic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eurypterid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large extinct scorpion-like arthropod considered related to horseshoe crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentastomida", + "subphylum Pentastomida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tongue worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue worm", + "pentastomid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wormlike arthropod having two pairs of hooks at the sides of the mouth; parasitic in nasal sinuses of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galliformes", + "order Galliformes" + ], + "it": [ + "galliformi", + "gallinacei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pheasants; turkeys; grouse; partridges; quails; chickens; brush turkeys; curassows; hoatzins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallinaceous bird", + "gallinacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic fowl", + "fowl", + "poultry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed of large domestic fowl having five toes (the hind toe doubled)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plymouth Rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American breed of domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornish", + "Cornish fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of compact domestic fowl; raised primarily to crossbreed to produce roasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rock Cornish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plump hybrid developed by crossbreeding Plymouth Rock and Cornish fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds reared for cockfighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cochin", + "cochin china" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian breed of large fowl with dense plumage and feathered legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallus", + "genus Gallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common domestic birds and related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle fowl", + "gallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male jungle fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female jungle fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red jungle fowl", + "Gallus gallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jungle fowl of southeastern Asia that is considered ancestral to the domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken", + "Gallus gallus" + ], + "it": [ + "pollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bantam" + ], + "it": [ + "gallo bantam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small breeds of fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chick", + "biddy" + ], + "it": [ + "pulcino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young bird especially of domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock", + "rooster" + ], + "it": [ + "gallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb", + "cockscomb", + "coxcomb" + ], + "it": [ + "cresta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy red crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other gallinaceous birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockerel" + ], + "it": [ + "galletto", + "pollastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young domestic cock; not older than one year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capon" + ], + "it": [ + "cappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "castrated male chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen", + "biddy" + ], + "it": [ + "cocca", + "gallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult female chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hen that has just laid an egg and emits a shrill squawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood hen", + "broody", + "broody hen", + "setting hen", + "sitter" + ], + "it": [ + "chioccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic hen ready to brood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hen with chicks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hen that lays eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullet" + ], + "it": [ + "gallinella", + "pollastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young hen usually less than a year old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring chicken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young chicken having tender meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhode Island red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American breed of heavy-bodied brownish-red general-purpose chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominique", + "Dominick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American breed of chicken having barred grey plumage raised for meat and brown eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orpington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of large chickens with white skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meleagrididae", + "family Meleagrididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turkeys and some extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meleagris", + "genus Meleagris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Meleagrididae: wild and domestic turkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey", + "Meleagris gallopavo" + ], + "it": [ + "Meleagris gallopavo", + "dindio", + "dindo", + "tacchino", + "tacchino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey cock", + "gobbler", + "tom", + "tom turkey" + ], + "it": [ + "gallinaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agriocharis", + "genus Agriocharis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds of the family Meleagrididae including the ocellated turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocellated turkey", + "Agriocharis ocellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild turkey of Central America and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetraonidae", + "family Tetraonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular game bird having a plump body and feathered legs and feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyrurus", + "genus Lyrurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black grouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grouse of which the male is bluish-black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European black grouse", + "heathfowl", + "Lyrurus tetrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large northern European grouse that is black with a lyre-shaped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian black grouse", + "Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black grouse of western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackcock", + "black cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male black grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greyhen", + "grayhen", + "grey hen", + "gray hen", + "heath hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female black grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagopus", + "genus Lagopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ptarmigans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptarmigan" + ], + "it": [ + "pernice bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Arctic and subarctic grouse with feathered feet and usually white winter plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red grouse", + "moorfowl", + "moorbird", + "moor-bird", + "moorgame", + "Lagopus scoticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown grouse of upland moors of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moorhen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female red grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moorcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male red grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetrao", + "genus Tetrao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tetraonidae: capercaillies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capercaillie", + "capercailzie", + "horse of the wood", + "Tetrao urogallus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tetrao urogallus", + "cedrone", + "gallo cedrone", + "urogallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black Old World grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canachites", + "genus Canachites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spruce grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce grouse", + "Canachites canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American grouse that feeds on evergreen buds and needles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centrocercus", + "genus Centrocercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sage grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sage grouse", + "sage hen", + "Centrocercus urophasianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large grouse of sagebrush regions of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonasa", + "genus Bonasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruffed grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffed grouse", + "partridge", + "Bonasa umbellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valued as a game bird in eastern United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pedioecetes", + "genus Pedioecetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharp-tailed grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharp-tailed grouse", + "sprigtail", + "sprig tail", + "Pedioecetes phasianellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large grouse of prairies and open forests of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tympanuchus", + "genus Tympanuchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prairie chickens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie chicken", + "prairie grouse", + "prairie fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown mottled North American grouse of western prairies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater prairie chicken", + "Tympanuchus cupido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common variety of prairie chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser prairie chicken", + "Tympanuchus pallidicinctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smaller prairie chicken of western Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath hen", + "Tympanuchus cupido cupido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct prairie chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cracidae", + "family Cracidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curassows; guans; chachalacas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large turkey-like game birds of the family Cracidae; native to jungles of tropical America; resembling the curassows and valued as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crax", + "genus Crax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cracidae: curassows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curassow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large crested arboreal game bird of warm parts of the Americas having long legs and tails; highly esteemed as game and food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penelope", + "genus Penelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of guans (turkey-like arboreal birds valued as game and food birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipile", + "genus Pipile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large crested guans (the piping guans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piping guan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of guan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ortalis", + "genus Ortalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chachalacas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chachalaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender arboreal guan resembling a wild turkey; native to Central America and Mexico; highly regarded as game birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas chachalaca", + "Ortilis vetula macalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Mexico and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megapodiidae", + "family Megapodiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "megapodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megapodius", + "genus-Megapodius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Megapodiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megapode", + "mound bird", + "mound-bird", + "mound builder", + "scrub fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Leipoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mallee fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallee fowl", + "leipoa", + "lowan", + "Leipoa ocellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian mound bird; incubates eggs naturally in sandy mounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallee hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult female mallee fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alectura", + "genus Alectura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brush turkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush turkey", + "Alectura lathami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black megapode of wooded regions of Australia and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrocephalon", + "genus Macrocephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maleos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleo", + "Macrocephalon maleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celebes megapode that lays eggs in holes in sandy beaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phasianidae", + "family Phasianidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pheasants; quails; partridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phasianid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of game bird in the family Phasianidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phasianus", + "genus Phasianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phasianidae: the typical pheasants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheasant" + ], + "it": [ + "fagiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-tailed gallinaceous bird native to the Old World but introduced elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring-necked pheasant", + "Phasianus colchicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common pheasant having bright plumage and a white neck ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Afropavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Congo peafowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afropavo", + "Congo peafowl", + "Afropavo congensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "both sexes are brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argusianus", + "genus Argusianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argus pheasants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argus", + "argus pheasant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysolophus", + "genus Chrysolophus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden pheasants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden pheasant", + "Chrysolophus pictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored crested pheasant of mountains of western and central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colinus", + "genus Colinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World quail: the bobwhites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobwhite", + "bobwhite quail", + "partridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular North American game bird; named for its call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern bobwhite", + "Colinus virginianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Colinus virginianus", + "colino della Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorite game bird of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coturnix", + "genus Coturnix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World quail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small game bird with a rounded body and small tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migratory quail", + "Coturnix coturnix", + "Coturnix communis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the typical Old World quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophophorus", + "genus Lophophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monal", + "monaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliantly colored pheasant of southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odontophorus", + "genus Odontophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Central and South American crested partridges resembling quails; sometimes placed in a distinct subfamily or isolated in a distinct family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pavo", + "genus Pavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peafowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peafowl", + "bird of Juno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large terrestrial southeast Asian pheasant often raised as an ornamental bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peachick", + "pea-chick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young peafowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacock" + ], + "it": [ + "pavone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male peafowl; having a crested head and very large fanlike tail marked with iridescent eyes or spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peahen" + ], + "it": [ + "pavona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female peafowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue peafowl", + "Pavo cristatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peafowl of India and Ceylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green peafowl", + "Pavo muticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peafowl of southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small gallinaceous game birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lofortyx", + "genus Lofortyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California quail", + "Lofortyx californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plump chunky bird of coastal California and Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tragopan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phasianidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragopan" + ], + "it": [ + "tragopano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliantly colored Asian pheasant having wattles and two fleshy processes on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perdicidae", + "subfamily Perdicidae", + "Perdicinae", + "subfamily Perdicinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World partridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World gallinaceous game birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perdix", + "genus Perdix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Perdicinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian partridge", + "grey partridge", + "gray partridge", + "Perdix perdix" + ], + "it": [ + "Perdix perdix", + "starna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European partridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alectoris", + "genus Alectoris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Perdicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-legged partridge", + "Alectoris ruffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common western European partridge with red legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek partridge", + "rock partridge", + "Alectoris graeca" + ], + "it": [ + "Alectoris graeca", + "coturnice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of mountainous areas of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oreortyx", + "genus Oreortyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain quail of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain quail", + "mountain partridge", + "Oreortyx picta palmeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California partridge; slightly larger than the California quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numididae", + "subfamily Numididae", + "Numidinae", + "subfamily Numidinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guinea fowl and related birds of Africa and Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numida", + "genus Numida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guinea fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea fowl", + "guinea", + "Numida meleagris" + ], + "it": [ + "Numida meleagris", + "faraona", + "faraona comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a west African bird having dark plumage mottled with white; native to Africa but raised for food in many parts of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female guinea fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opisthocomidae", + "family Opisthocomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the hoatzins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opisthocomus", + "genus Opisthocomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Opisthocomidae: hoatzins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoatzin", + "hoactzin", + "stinkbird", + "Opisthocomus hoazin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinamiformes", + "order Tinamiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Tinamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinamidae", + "family Tinamidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the tinamous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinamou", + "partridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird resembling a gallinaceous bird but related to the ratite birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbiformes", + "order Columbiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand grouse; pigeons; doves; extinct dodos and solitaires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbiform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmopolitan order of land birds having small heads and short legs with four unwebbed toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphidae", + "family Raphidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct dodos and solitaires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphus", + "genus Raphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Raphidae: dodos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodo", + "Raphus cucullatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct heavy flightless bird of Mauritius related to pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pezophaps", + "genus Pezophaps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituted by the extinct solitaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitaire", + "Pezophaps solitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct flightless bird related to the dodo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbidae", + "family Columbidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doves and pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon" + ], + "it": [ + "colombo", + "piccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouter pigeon", + "pouter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a breed of pigeon that enlarge their crop until their breast is puffed out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columba", + "genus Columba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Columbidae: typical pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock dove", + "rock pigeon", + "Columba livia" + ], + "it": [ + "Columba livia", + "piccione selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale grey Eurasian pigeon having black-striped wings from which most domestic species are descended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band-tailed pigeon", + "band-tail pigeon", + "bandtail", + "Columba fasciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild pigeon of western North America; often mistaken for the now extinct passenger pigeon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood pigeon", + "ringdove", + "cushat", + "Columba palumbus" + ], + "it": [ + "Columba palumbus", + "colombaccio", + "palombaccio", + "palombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptopelia", + "genus Streptopelia" + ], + "it": [ + "Streptopelia", + "tortora domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turtledoves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtledove" + ], + "it": [ + "tortora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World wild doves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streptopelia turtur" + ], + "it": [ + "Streptopelia turtur", + "tortora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common European wild dove noted for its plaintive cooing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringdove", + "Streptopelia risoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish Old World turtledove with a black band around the neck; often caged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stictopelia", + "genus Stictopelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Columbidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian turtledove", + "turtledove", + "Stictopelia cuneata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian dove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zenaidura", + "genus Zenaidura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mourning doves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourning dove", + "Zenaidura macroura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild dove of the United States having a mournful call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic pigeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domesticated pigeon raised for sport or food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfledged pigeon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy swallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fancy domestic pigeon having blue-and-white plumage and heavily muffed feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller", + "tumbler", + "tumbler pigeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigeon that executes backward somersaults in flight or on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homing pigeon", + "homer" + ], + "it": [ + "piccione viaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigeon trained to return home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier pigeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homing pigeon used to carry messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ectopistes", + "genus Ectopistes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Columbidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger pigeon", + "Ectopistes migratorius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gregarious North American migratory pigeon now extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteroclididae", + "family Pteroclididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandgrouses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandgrouse", + "sand grouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterocles", + "genus Pterocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pteroclididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted sandgrouse", + "Pterocles indicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandgrouse of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin-tailed sandgrouse", + "pin-tailed grouse", + "Pterocles alchata" + ], + "it": [ + "Pterocles alchata", + "grandule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandgrouse of Europe and Africa having elongated middle tail feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrrhaptes", + "genus Syrrhaptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pteroclididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallas's sandgrouse", + "Syrrhaptes paradoxus" + ], + "it": [ + "Syrrhaptes paradoxus", + "sirratte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasiatic sandgrouse with a black patch on the belly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psittaciformes", + "order Psittaciformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of birds including parrots and amazons and cockatoos and lorikeets and lories and macaws and parakeets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parrot" + ], + "it": [ + "pappagallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popinjay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for a parrot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll", + "poll parrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tame parrot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psittacidae", + "family Psittacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Psittaciformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psittacus", + "genus Psittacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Psittacidae: usually restricted to the African grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African grey", + "African gray", + "Psittacus erithacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly domesticated grey parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amazona", + "genus Amazona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amazon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly green tropical American parrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ara", + "genus Ara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaw" + ], + "it": [ + "Ara", + "ara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed brilliantly colored parrot of Central America and South America; among the largest and showiest of parrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestor", + "genus Nestor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kea", + "Nestor notabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brownish-green New Zealand parrot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kakatoe", + "genus Kakatoe", + "Cacatua", + "genus Cacatua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockatoo" + ], + "it": [ + "cacatoa", + "cacatua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white or light-colored crested parrot of the Australian region; often kept as cage birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulphur-crested cockatoo", + "Kakatoe galerita", + "Cacatua galerita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white cockatoo with a yellow erectile crest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink cockatoo", + "Kakatoe leadbeateri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white Australian cockatoo with roseate tinged plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nymphicus", + "genus Nymphicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockateel", + "cockatiel", + "cockatoo parrot", + "Nymphicus hollandicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey Australian parrot with a yellow crested head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agapornis", + "genus Agapornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovebird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small African parrot noted for showing affection for their mates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loriinae", + "subfamily Loriinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brightly colored Australasian parrots having a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and soft fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorikeet" + ], + "it": [ + "lorichetto", + "tricoglosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small lories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glossopsitta", + "genus Glossopsitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Loriinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varied Lorikeet", + "Glossopsitta versicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lorikeet with a colorful coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichoglossus", + "genus Trichoglossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Loriinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow lorikeet", + "Trichoglossus moluccanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of lorikeet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parakeet", + "parrakeet", + "parroket", + "paraquet", + "paroquet", + "parroquet" + ], + "it": [ + "parochetto", + "parrocchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small slender long-tailed parrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conuropsis", + "genus Conuropsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina parakeet", + "Conuropsis carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct parakeet whose range extended far into the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melopsittacus", + "genus Melopsittacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budgerigar", + "budgereegah", + "budgerygah", + "budgie", + "grass parakeet", + "lovebird", + "shell parakeet", + "Melopsittacus undulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian parakeet usually light green with black and yellow markings in the wild but bred in many colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psittacula", + "genus Psittacula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring-necked parakeet", + "Psittacula krameri" + ], + "it": [ + "Psittacula krameri", + "parrocchetto dal collare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African parakeet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuculiformes", + "order Cuculiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cuckoos; touracos; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuculiform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds having zygodactyl feet (except for the touracos)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuculidae", + "family Cuculidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes cuckoo; ani; roadrunner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoo" + ], + "it": [ + "cucco", + "cuccù", + "cuculo", + "cucù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuculus", + "genus Cuculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cuculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European cuckoo", + "Cuculus canorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cuculus canorus", + "cuculo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common cuckoo of Europe having a distinctive two-note call; lays eggs in the nests of other birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccyzus", + "genus Coccyzus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cuculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-billed cuckoo", + "Coccyzus erythropthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American cuckoo; builds a nest and rears its own young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geococcyx", + "genus Geococcyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roadrunners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadrunner", + "chaparral cock", + "Geococcyx californianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crotophaga", + "genus Crotophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black tropical American cuckoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centropus", + "genus Centropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cuculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coucal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World ground-living cuckoo having a long dagger-like hind claw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow pheasant", + "Centropus sinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common coucal of India and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheasant coucal", + "pheasant cuckoo", + "Centropus phasianinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian bird with a tail like a pheasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musophagidae", + "family Musophagidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touracos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musophaga", + "genus Musophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Musophagidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touraco", + "turaco", + "turacou", + "turakoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brightly crested bird of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coraciiformes", + "order Coraciiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rollers; kingfishers; hornbills; hoopoes; motmots; bee eaters; todies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picariae", + "order Picariae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term used in some classifications as nearly equivalent to the order Coraciiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coraciiform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly short-legged arboreal nonpasserine birds that nest in holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coraciidae", + "family Coraciidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rollers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World bird that tumbles or rolls in flight; related to kingfishers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coracias", + "genus Coracias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Coraciidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European roller", + "Coracias garrulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Coracias garrulus", + "ghiandaia marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European blue-and-green roller with a reddish-brown back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Madagascan roller with terrestrial and crepuscular habits that feeds on e.g. insects and worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcedinidae", + "family Alcedinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kingfishers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halcyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mythical bird said to breed at the time of the winter solstice in a nest floating on the sea and to have the power of calming the winds and waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingfisher" + ], + "it": [ + "martin pescatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonpasserine large-headed bird with a short tail and long sharp bill; usually crested and bright-colored; feed mostly on fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcedo", + "genus Alcedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Alcedinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian kingfisher", + "Alcedo atthis" + ], + "it": [ + "Alcedo atthis", + "martin pescatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small kingfisher with greenish-blue and orange plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceryle", + "genus Ceryle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds of the family Alcedinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belted kingfisher", + "Ceryle alcyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-blue North American kingfisher with a chestnut band on its chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacelo", + "genus Dacelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian kingfishers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halcyon", + "genus Halcyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large kingfisher widely distributed in warmer parts of the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kookaburra", + "laughing jackass", + "Dacelo gigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian kingfisher having a loud cackling cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meropidae", + "family Meropidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bee-eaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merops", + "genus Merops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Meropidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee eater" + ], + "it": [ + "gruccione", + "merope", + "vespiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colorful chiefly tropical Old World bird having a strong graceful flight; feeds on especially bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bucerotidae", + "family Bucerotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buceros", + "genus Buceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Bucerotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornbill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird of tropical Africa and Asia having a very large bill surmounted by a bony protuberance; related to kingfishers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upupidae", + "family Upupidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoopoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upupa", + "genus Upupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Upupidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoopoe", + "hoopoo" + ], + "it": [ + "puppola", + "upupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several crested Old World birds with a slender downward-curved bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euopean hoopoe", + "Upupa epops" + ], + "it": [ + "Upupa epops", + "upupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinkish-brown hoopoe with black-and-white wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoeniculidae", + "family Phoeniculidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood hoopoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoeniculus", + "genus Phoeniculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and only genus of the family Phoeniculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood hoopoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African bird having metallic blackish plumage but no crest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Momotidae", + "family Momotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Momotus", + "genus Momotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Momotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motmot", + "momot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Todidae", + "family Todidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Todus", + "genus Todus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Todidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny insectivorous West Indian bird having red-and-green plumage and a long straight bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apodiformes", + "order Apodiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swifts; hummingbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apodiform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonpasserine bird having long wings and weak feet; spends much of its time in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apodidae", + "family Apodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swifts; in former classifications included in the order Coraciiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swift" + ], + "it": [ + "rondone", + "sceloporo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bird that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apus", + "genus Apus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European swift", + "Apus apus" + ], + "it": [ + "Apus apus", + "rondone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European bird with a shrieking call that nests chiefly about eaves of buildings or on cliffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chateura", + "genus Chateura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Apodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimney swift", + "chimney swallow", + "Chateura pelagica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American swift that nests in e.g. unused chimneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Collocalia", + "genus Collocalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Apodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swiftlet", + "Collocalia inexpectata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift of eastern Asia; produces the edible bird's nest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemiprocnidae", + "family Hemiprocnidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree swifts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree swift", + "crested swift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trochilidae", + "family Trochilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hummingbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hummingbird" + ], + "it": [ + "colibrì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archilochus", + "genus Archilochus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Trochilidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archilochus colubris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of hummingbird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalcostigma", + "genus Chalcostigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thornbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramphomicron", + "genus Ramphomicron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thornbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thornbill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various South American hummingbirds with a sharp pointed bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caprimulgiformes", + "order Caprimulgiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goatsuckers; frogmouths; oilbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caprimulgiform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-winged nonpasserine birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caprimulgidae", + "family Caprimulgidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goatsuckers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goatsucker", + "nightjar", + "caprimulgid" + ], + "it": [ + "caprimulgo", + "nottola", + "nottolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled greyish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caprimulgus", + "genus Caprimulgus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Caprimulgidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European goatsucker", + "European nightjar", + "Caprimulgus europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Caprimulgus europaeus", + "succiacapre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World goatsucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck-will's-widow", + "Caprimulgus carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large whippoorwill-like bird of the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whippoorwill", + "Caprimulgus vociferus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American nocturnal goatsucker with grey-and-white plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chordeiles", + "genus Chordeiles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Caprimulgidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nighthawk", + "bullbat", + "mosquito hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly nocturnal North American goatsucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalaenoptilus", + "genus Phalaenoptilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Caprimulgidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poorwill", + "Phalaenoptilus nuttallii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goatsucker of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podargidae", + "family Podargidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frogmouths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podargus", + "genus Podargus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Podargidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frogmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous bird of Australia and southeastern Asia having a wide frog-like mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steatornithidae", + "family Steatornithidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oilbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steatornis", + "genus Steatornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Steatornithidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilbird", + "guacharo", + "Steatornis caripensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piciformes", + "order Piciformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodpeckers; jacamars; puffbirds; barbets; honey guides; toucans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piciform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous nonpasserine insectivorous climbing birds usually having strong bills for boring wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picidae", + "family Picidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodpeckers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodpecker", + "peckerwood", + "pecker" + ], + "it": [ + "picchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i44999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picus", + "genus Picus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green woodpecker", + "Picus viridis" + ], + "it": [ + "Picus viridis", + "picchio verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodpecker of Europe and western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picoides", + "genus Picoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downy woodpecker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American woodpecker with black and white plumage and a small bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colaptes", + "genus Colaptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American woodpecker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-shafted flicker", + "Colaptes auratus", + "yellowhammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flicker of eastern North America with a red neck and yellow undersurface to wings and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilded flicker", + "Colaptes chrysoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southwestern United States bird like the yellow-shafted flicker but lacking the red neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-shafted flicker", + "Colaptes caper collaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western United States bird with red undersurface to wings and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campephilus", + "genus Campephilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivorybill", + "ivory-billed woodpecker", + "Campephilus principalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black-and-white woodpecker of southern United States and Cuba having an ivory bill; nearly extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanerpes", + "genus Melanerpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redheaded woodpecker", + "redhead", + "Melanerpes erythrocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphyrapicus", + "genus Sphyrapicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapsucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small American woodpecker that feeds on sap from e.g. apple and maple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-bellied sapsucker", + "Sphyrapicus varius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eastern North American sapsucker having a pale yellow abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-breasted sapsucker", + "Sphyrapicus varius ruber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western North American sapsucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jynx", + "genus Jynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrynecks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wryneck" + ], + "it": [ + "collo torto", + "collotorto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World woodpecker with a peculiar habit of twisting the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picumnus", + "genus Picumnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Picidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piculet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small woodpeckers of South America and Africa and East Indies having soft rounded tail feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capitonidae", + "family Capitonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barbets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brightly colored stout-billed tropical bird having short weak wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bucconidae", + "family Bucconidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish tropical American bird having a large head with fluffed out feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indicatoridae", + "family Indicatoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honey guides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bird of tropical Africa and Asia; feeds on beeswax and honey and larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galbulidae", + "family Galbulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jacamars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacamar" + ], + "it": [ + "galbula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American insectivorous bird having a long sharp bill and iridescent green or bronze plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramphastidae", + "family Ramphastidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toucans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toucan" + ], + "it": [ + "tucano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliantly colored arboreal fruit-eating bird of tropical America having a very large thin-walled beak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aulacorhyncus", + "genus Aulacorhyncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ramphastidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toucanet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small toucan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trogoniformes", + "order Trogoniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trogons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trogonidae", + "family Trogonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Trogoniformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Trogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Trogonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pharomacrus", + "genus Pharomacrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Trogonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quetzal", + "quetzal bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large trogon of Central America and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resplendent quetzel", + "resplendent trogon", + "Pharomacrus mocino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very rare Central American bird; the national bird of Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wading and swimming and diving birds of either fresh or salt water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterfowl", + "water bird", + "waterbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater aquatic bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anseriformes", + "order Anseriformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ducks; geese; swans; screamers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anseriform bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly web-footed swimming birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anatidae", + "family Anatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swimming birds having heavy short-legged bodies and bills with a horny tip: swans; geese; ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anseres", + "suborder Anseres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some especially older classifications; coextensive with the family Anatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck" + ], + "it": [ + "anatra", + "anitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drake" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "maschio dell'anatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male of a wild or domestic duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quack-quack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "child's word for a duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckling" + ], + "it": [ + "anatroccolo", + "anitroccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ducks of especially bays and estuaries that dive for their food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabbling duck", + "dabbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anas", + "genus Anas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anatidae: freshwater ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallard", + "Anas platyrhynchos" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas platyrhynchos", + "germano reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black duck", + "Anas rubripes" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas rubripes", + "anatra nera americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dusky duck of northeastern United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teal" + ], + "it": [ + "alzagola", + "alzavola", + "arzagola", + "arzavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small short-necked dabbling river ducks of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenwing", + "green-winged teal", + "Anas crecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common teal of Eurasia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluewing", + "blue-winged teal", + "Anas discors" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas discors", + "marzaiola americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American teal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garganey", + "Anas querquedula" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas querquedula", + "marzaiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Eurasian teal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widgeon", + "wigeon", + "Anas penelope" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas penelope", + "fischione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater duck of Eurasia and northern Africa related to mallards and teals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American widgeon", + "baldpate", + "Anas americana" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas americana", + "fischione americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widgeon the male of which has a white crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoveler", + "shoveller", + "broadbill", + "Anas clypeata" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas clypeata", + "mestolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pintail", + "pin-tailed duck", + "Anas acuta" + ], + "it": [ + "Anas acuta", + "codone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-necked river duck of the Old and New Worlds having elongated central tail feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tadorna", + "genus Tadorna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheldrakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheldrake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World gooselike duck slightly larger than a mallard with variegated mostly black-and-white plumage and a red bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelduck" + ], + "it": [ + "volpoca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female sheldrake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxyura", + "genus Oxyura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruddy duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruddy duck", + "Oxyura jamaicensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Oxyura jamaicensis", + "gobbo della Giamaica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown stiff-tailed duck of North America and northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bucephala", + "genus Bucephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buffleheads and goldeneyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bufflehead", + "butterball", + "dipper", + "Bucephela albeola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American diving duck; males have bushy head plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldeneye", + "whistler", + "Bucephela clangula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-headed swift-flying diving duck of Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrow's goldeneye", + "Bucephala islandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American goldeneye diving duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aythya", + "genus Aythya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canvasback; redhead; pochard; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvasback", + "canvasback duck", + "Aythya valisineria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wild duck valued for sport and food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pochard", + "Aythya ferina" + ], + "it": [ + "Aythya ferina", + "collorosso", + "moriglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied Old World diving duck having a grey-and-black body and reddish head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redhead", + "Aythya americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American diving duck with a grey-and-black body and reddish-brown head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaup", + "scaup duck", + "bluebill", + "broadbill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diving ducks of North America having a bluish-grey bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater scaup", + "Aythya marila" + ], + "it": [ + "Aythya marila", + "moretta grigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large scaup of North America having a greenish iridescence on the head of the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser scaup", + "lesser scaup duck", + "lake duck", + "Aythya affinis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common scaup of North America; males have purplish heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undomesticated duck (especially a mallard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aix", + "genus Aix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood duck and mandarin duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood duck", + "summer duck", + "wood widgeon", + "Aix sponsa" + ], + "it": [ + "Aix sponsa", + "anatra sposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy North American duck that nests in hollow trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood drake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male wood duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin duck", + "Aix galericulata" + ], + "it": [ + "Aix galericulata", + "anatra mandarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy crested Asiatic duck; often domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cairina", + "genus Cairina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Anatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscovy duck", + "musk duck", + "Cairina moschata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large crested wild duck of Central America and South America; widely domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large diving ducks found along the seacoast: eider; scoter; merganser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somateria", + "genus Somateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eider ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eider", + "eider duck" + ], + "it": [ + "edredone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duck of the northern hemisphere much valued for the fine soft down of the females" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanitta", + "genus Melanitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scoters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoter", + "scooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common scoter", + "Melanitta nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Melanitta nigra", + "orchetto marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of scoter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clangula", + "genus Clangula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old squaw", + "oldwife", + "Clangula hyemalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Clangula hyemalis", + "moretta codona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common long-tailed sea duck of the northern parts of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merginae", + "subfamily Merginae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mergansers and closely related diving birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mergus", + "genus Mergus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mergansers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merganser", + "fish duck", + "sawbill", + "sheldrake" + ], + "it": [ + "mergo", + "smergo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large crested fish-eating diving duck having a slender hooked bill with serrated edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goosander", + "Mergus merganser" + ], + "it": [ + "Mergus merganser", + "smergo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common merganser of Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American merganser", + "Mergus merganser americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American diving duck considered a variety of the European goosander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-breasted merganser", + "Mergus serrator" + ], + "it": [ + "Mergus serrator", + "smergo minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed merganser of America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smew", + "Mergus albellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mergus albellus", + "pesciaiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest merganser and most expert diver; found in northern Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophodytes", + "genus Lophodytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Merginae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooded merganser", + "hooded sheldrake", + "Lophodytes cucullatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small North American duck with a high circular crest on the male's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose" + ], + "it": [ + "oca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gosling" + ], + "it": [ + "papero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature male goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anser", + "genus Anser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical geese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese goose", + "Anser cygnoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large wild goose of northeast Asia; interbreeds freely with the greylag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greylag", + "graylag", + "greylag goose", + "graylag goose", + "Anser anser" + ], + "it": [ + "Anser anser", + "oca cenerina", + "oca selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common grey wild goose of Europe; ancestor of many domestic breeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chen", + "subgenus Chen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild goose having white adult plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue goose", + "Chen caerulescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American wild goose having dark plumage in summer but white in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue goose in the white color phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branta", + "genus Branta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild geese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brant", + "brant goose", + "brent", + "brent goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dark geese that breed in the north and migrate southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common brant goose", + "Branta bernicla" + ], + "it": [ + "Branta bernicla", + "oca colombaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best known variety of brant goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honker", + "Canada goose", + "Canadian goose", + "Branta canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Branta canadensis", + "oca del Canada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common greyish-brown wild goose of North America with a loud, trumpeting call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnacle goose", + "barnacle", + "Branta leucopsis" + ], + "it": [ + "Branta leucopsis", + "oca facciabianca", + "oca dalle guance bianche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European goose smaller than the brant; breeds in the far north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anserinae", + "subfamily Anserinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the swans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coscoroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Anatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coscoroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white South American bird intermediate in some respects between ducks and swans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan" + ], + "it": [ + "cigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male swan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen" + ], + "it": [ + "cigno", + "cigno femmina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female swan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cygnet" + ], + "it": [ + "cigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young swan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cygnus", + "genus Cygnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Anatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mute swan", + "Cygnus olor" + ], + "it": [ + "Cygnus olor", + "cigno reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soundless Eurasian swan; commonly domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whooper", + "whooper swan", + "Cygnus cygnus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cygnus cygnus", + "cigno selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Old World swan noted for its whooping call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tundra swan", + "Cygnus columbianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cygnus columbianus", + "cigno minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swan that nests in tundra regions of the New and Old Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistling swan", + "Cygnus columbianus columbianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American subspecies of tundra swan having a soft whistling note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bewick's swan", + "Cygnus columbianus bewickii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian subspecies of tundra swan; smaller than the whooper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpeter", + "trumpeter swan", + "Cygnus buccinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pure white wild swan of western North America having a sonorous cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black swan", + "Cygnus atratus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cygnus atratus", + "cigno nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australian swan having black plumage and a red bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anhimidae", + "family Anhimidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screamers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gooselike aquatic bird of South America having a harsh trumpeting call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anhima", + "genus Anhima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anhimidae; horned screamers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned screamer", + "Anhima cornuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screamer having a hornlike process projecting from the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chauna", + "genus Chauna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crested screamers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crested screamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished from the horned screamer by a feathery crest on the back of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaja", + "Chauna torquata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest crested screamer; native to southern Brazil and Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammalia", + "class Mammalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by mammary glands in the female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammal", + "mammalian" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk" + ], + "it": [ + "vertebrato a sangue caldo caratterizzato da una pelle coperta in varia misura da pelo, che partirisce la propria prole e la alleva nutrendola con il proprio latte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animals that nourish their young with milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammal family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammal genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tusker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mammal with prominent tusks (especially an elephant or wild boar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prototheria", + "subclass Prototheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "echidnas; platypus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prototherian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive oviparous mammals found only in Australia and Tasmania and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monotremata", + "order Monotremata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the subclass Prototheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotreme", + "egg-laying mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tachyglossidae", + "family Tachyglossidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "echidnas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tachyglossus", + "genus Tachyglossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Tachyglossidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echidna", + "spiny anteater", + "anteater" + ], + "it": [ + "echidna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrowing monotreme mammal covered with spines and having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites; native to Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zaglossus", + "genus Zaglossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Tachyglossidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echidna", + "spiny anteater", + "anteater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrowing monotreme mammal covered with spines and having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites; native to New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ornithorhynchidae", + "family Ornithorhynchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platypus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ornithorhynchus", + "genus Ornithorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ornithorhynchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platypus", + "duckbill", + "duckbilled platypus", + "duck-billed platypus", + "Ornithorhynchus anatinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ornithorhynchus anatinus", + "ornitorinco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small densely furred aquatic monotreme of Australia and Tasmania having a broad bill and tail and webbed feet; only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pantotheria", + "subclass Pantotheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generalized extinct mammals widespread during the Jurassic; commonly conceded to be ancestral to marsupial and placental mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metatheria", + "subclass Metatheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pouched animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatherian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive pouched mammals found mainly in Australia and the Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsupialia", + "order Marsupialia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the subclass Metatheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsupial", + "pouched mammal" + ], + "it": [ + "marsupiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mammals of which the females have a pouch (the marsupium) containing the teats where the young are fed and carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Didelphidae", + "family Didelphidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opossums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opossum", + "possum" + ], + "it": [ + "opossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal arboreal marsupial having a naked prehensile tail found from southern North America to northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Didelphis", + "genus Didelphis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Didelphidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common opossum", + "Didelphis virginiana", + "Didelphis marsupialis" + ], + "it": [ + "Didelphis virginiana", + "opossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omnivorous opossum of the eastern United States; noted for feigning death when in danger; esteemed as food in some areas; considered same species as the crab-eating opossum of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab-eating opossum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American opossum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caenolestidae", + "family Caenolestidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small marsupials of southern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caenolestes", + "genus Caenolestes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Caenolestidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opossum rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial marsupials of southern South America that resemble shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peramelidae", + "family Peramelidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandicoots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandicoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various agile ratlike terrestrial marsupials of Australia and adjacent islands; insectivorous and herbivorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrotis", + "genus Macrotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Peramelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit-eared bandicoot", + "rabbit bandicoot", + "bilby", + "Macrotis lagotis" + ], + "it": [ + "Macrotis lagotis", + "bilby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandicoot with leathery ears like a rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macropodidae", + "family Macropodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kangaroos; wallabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo" + ], + "it": [ + "canguro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbivorous leaping marsupials of Australia and New Guinea having large powerful hind legs and a long thick tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macropus", + "genus Macropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Macropodidae: typical kangaroos and wallabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant kangaroo", + "great grey kangaroo", + "Macropus giganteus" + ], + "it": [ + "Macropus giganteus", + "canguro grigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large greyish-brown Australian kangaroo formerly abundant in open wooded areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallaby", + "brush kangaroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small or medium-sized kangaroos; often brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wallaby", + "Macropus agiles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wallaby having a height of 30 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagorchestes", + "genus Lagorchestes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hare wallabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hare wallaby", + "kangaroo hare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian wallaby that resembles a hare and has persistent teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onychogalea", + "genus Onychogalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Macropodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail-tailed wallaby", + "nail-tailed kangaroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wallabies with a horny nail on the tip of the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petrogale", + "genus Petrogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock wallabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock wallaby", + "rock kangaroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender long-legged Australian wallabies living in caves and rocky areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thylogale", + "genus Thylogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pademelons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pademelon", + "paddymelon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small reddish-brown wallabies of scrubby areas of Australia and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendrolagus", + "genus Dendrolagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree wallabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree wallaby", + "tree kangaroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal wallabies of New Guinea and northern Australia having hind and forelegs of similar length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypsiprymnodon", + "genus Hypsiprymnodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musk kangaroos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk kangaroo", + "Hypsiprymnodon moschatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small kangaroo of northeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potoroinae", + "subfamily Potoroinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rat kangaroos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat kangaroo", + "kangaroo rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several rabbit-sized ratlike Australian kangaroos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potorous", + "genus Potorous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potoroos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potoroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian rat kangaroos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bettongia", + "genus Bettongia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jerboa kangaroo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bettong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-nosed rat kangaroo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerboa kangaroo", + "kangaroo jerboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brush-tailed rat kangaroo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalangeridae", + "family Phalangeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phalangers; koalas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalanger", + "opossum", + "possum" + ], + "it": [ + "falangista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small furry Australian arboreal marsupials having long usually prehensile tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phalanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Phalangeridae: cuscuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuscus" + ], + "it": [ + "cusco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly-haired monkey-like arboreal marsupial of New Guinea and northern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichosurus", + "genus Trichosurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phalangeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush-tailed phalanger", + "Trichosurus vulpecula" + ], + "it": [ + "Opossum d'Australia", + "Phalangista", + "Trichosurus vulpecula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy-tailed phalanger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petaurus", + "genus Petaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phalangeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying phalanger", + "flying opossum", + "flying squirrel" + ], + "it": [ + "petauro", + "taguan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal phalangers that move with gliding leaps using parachute-like folds of skin along the sides of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrobates", + "genus Acrobates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phalangeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny flying phalanger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phascolarctos", + "genus Phascolarctos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "koalas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koala", + "koala bear", + "kangaroo bear", + "native bear", + "Phascolarctos cinereus" + ], + "it": [ + "Phascolarctos cinereus", + "coala", + "koala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sluggish tailless Australian arboreal marsupial with grey furry ears and coat; feeds on eucalyptus leaves and bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vombatidae", + "family Vombatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wombats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wombat" + ], + "it": [ + "vombato", + "vombato orsino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing herbivorous Australian marsupials about the size of a badger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyuridae", + "family Dasyuridae", + "family Dasyurinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dasyures; native cats; pouched mice; banded anteaters; Tasmanian devils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dasyurid marsupial", + "dasyurid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small carnivorous nocturnal marsupials of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyurus", + "genus Dasyurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Dasyuridae: native cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dasyure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several more or less arboreal marsupials somewhat resembling martens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern dasyure", + "Dasyurus quoll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of dasyure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native cat", + "Dasyurus viverrinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Dasyurus viverrinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous arboreal cat-like marsupials of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thylacinus", + "genus Thylacinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Tasmanian wolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thylacine", + "Tasmanian wolf", + "Tasmanian tiger", + "Thylacinus cynocephalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Thylacinus cynocephalus", + "lupo marsupiale della Tasmania", + "tilacino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare doglike carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania having stripes on its back; probably extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcophilus", + "genus Sarcophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Tasmanian devil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasmanian devil", + "ursine dasyure", + "Sarcophilus hariisi" + ], + "it": [ + "Sarcophilus hariisi", + "diavolo della tasmania", + "sarcofilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ferocious carnivorous marsupial having a mostly black coat and long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phascogale", + "genus Phascogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pouched mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouched mouse", + "marsupial mouse", + "marsupial rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small sharp-nosed insectivorous marsupials superficially resembling mice or rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmecobius", + "genus Myrmecobius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banded anteater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numbat", + "banded anteater", + "anteater", + "Myrmecobius fasciatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Myrmecobius fasciatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian marsupial having long snout and strong claws for feeding on termites; nearly extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notoryctidae", + "family Notoryctidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pouched moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notoryctus", + "genus Notoryctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Notoryctidae: comprising solely the marsupial mole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouched mole", + "marsupial mole", + "Notoryctus typhlops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small burrowing Australian marsupial that resembles a mole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eutheria", + "subclass Eutheria" + ], + "it": [ + "Placentati", + "Placentali", + "Euteri", + "Monodelfi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all mammals except monotremes and marsupials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placental", + "placental mammal", + "eutherian", + "eutherian mammal" + ], + "it": [ + "placentato", + "euterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero il cui embrione viene nutrito per mezzo della placenta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livestock", + "stock", + "farm animal" + ], + "it": [ + "bestiame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animals kept for use or profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature male of various mammals of which the female is called `cow'; e.g. whales or elephants or especially cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow" + ], + "it": [ + "mucca", + "vacca", + "vaccina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature female of mammals of which the male is called `bull'" + ], + "it": [ + "femmina adulta dei bovini che ha già figliato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf" + ], + "it": [ + "vitella", + "vitello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young of domestic cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young of various large placental mammals e.g. whale or giraffe or elephant or buffalo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yearling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal in its second year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck" + ], + "it": [ + "coniglio", + "daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature male of various mammals (especially deer or antelope)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doe" + ], + "it": [ + "cerva", + "cervo", + "daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature female of mammals of which the male is called `buck'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Insectivora", + "order Insectivora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrews; moles; hedgehogs; tenrecs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lipotyphla", + "suborder Lipotyphla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moles; hedgehogs; true shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menotyphla", + "suborder Menotyphla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elephant shrews; tree shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insectivore" + ], + "it": [ + "insettivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small insect-eating mainly nocturnal terrestrial or fossorial mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talpidae", + "family Talpidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole" + ], + "it": [ + "talpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small velvety-furred burrowing mammal having small eyes and fossorial forefeet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Condylura", + "genus Condylura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "star-nosed moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starnose mole", + "star-nosed mole", + "Condylura cristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphibious mole of eastern North America having pink fleshy tentacles around the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parascalops", + "genus Parascalops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brewer's moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewer's mole", + "hair-tailed mole", + "Parascalops breweri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mole of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysochloridae", + "family Chrysochloridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysochloris", + "genus Chrysochloris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chrysochloridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mole of southern Africa having iridescent guard hairs mixed with the underfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uropsilus", + "genus Uropsilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrew moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrew mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender mole having a long snout and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic shrew mole", + "Uropsilus soricipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrew mole of eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neurotrichus", + "genus Neurotrichus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrew moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American shrew mole", + "Neurotrichus gibbsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-black shrew mole of the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soricidae", + "family Soricidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrew", + "shrewmouse" + ], + "it": [ + "muscaragno", + "toporagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mouselike mammal with a long snout; related to moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sorex", + "genus Sorex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Soricidae: shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common shrew", + "Sorex araneus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sorex araneus", + "toporagno-comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common American shrew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masked shrew", + "Sorex cinereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonest shrew of moist habitats in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blarina", + "genus Blarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed shrew", + "Blarina brevicauda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American shrew with tail less than half its body length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water shrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small semiaquatic shrews usually living near swift-flowing streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American water shrew", + "Sorex palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water shrew of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neomys", + "genus Neomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Soricidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European water shrew", + "Neomys fodiens" + ], + "it": [ + "Neomys fodiens", + "Toporagno d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed Old World water shrew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean water shrew", + "Neomys anomalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Neomys anomalus", + "toporagno anomalo di miller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of water shrew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptotis", + "genus Cryptotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "least shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least shrew", + "Cryptotis parva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brown shrew of grassy regions of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erinaceidae", + "family Erinaceidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true hedgehogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erinaceus", + "genus Erinaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Erinaceidae: hedgehogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedgehog", + "Erinaceus europaeus", + "Erinaceus europeaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Erinaceus europaeus", + "riccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nocturnal Old World mammal covered with both hair and protective spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenrecidae", + "family Tenrecidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tenrecs and extinct related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenrec", + "tendrac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small often spiny insectivorous mammal of Madagascar; resembles a hedgehog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tenrec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Tenrecidae: tenrecs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailless tenrec", + "Tenrec ecaudatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific animal that feeds chiefly on earthworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potamogalidae", + "family Potamogalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "otter shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Potamogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Potamogalidae: otter shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otter shrew", + "potamogale", + "Potamogale velox" + ], + "it": [ + "Potamogale velox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphibious African insectivorous mammal that resembles an otter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backbone of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "posterior part of the back of a domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furcula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forked bone formed by the fusion of the clavicles of most birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wishbone", + "wishing bone" + ], + "it": [ + "forcella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the furcula of a domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuticula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer body wall of an insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hide", + "pelt", + "skin" + ], + "it": [ + "pelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "body covering of a living animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypodermis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipoderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle in e.g. arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather", + "plume", + "plumage" + ], + "it": [ + "penna", + "piuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down", + "down feather" + ], + "it": [ + "lanuggine", + "lanugine", + "peluria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft fine feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "down of the duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eiderdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "down of the eider duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "down of the goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan's down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "down of the swan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "down feather of young birds; persists in some adult birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftershaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplementary feather (usually small) on the underside of the base of the shaft of some feathers in some birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickle feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the long curved tail feathers of a rooster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feathers covering the body of an adult bird and determining its shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard wing", + "alula", + "spurious wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuft of small stiff feathers on the first digit of a bird's wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marabou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the downy feathers of marabou storks are used for trimming garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vane", + "web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flattened weblike part of a feather consisting of a series of barbs on either side of the shaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barb" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the parallel filaments projecting from the main shaft of a feather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web" + ], + "it": [ + "membrana interdigitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membrane connecting the toes of some aquatic birds and mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long slender feather on the necks of e.g. turkeys and pheasants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle hackle", + "saddle feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow feather on the back (saddle) of a domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat", + "pelage" + ], + "it": [ + "livrea", + "mantello", + "pelliccia", + "pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth of hair or wool or fur covering the body of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse hairs that form the outer fur and protect the underfur of certain mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur" + ], + "it": [ + "pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dense coat of fine silky hairs on mammals (e.g., cat or seal or weasel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercoat", + "underfur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick soft fur lying beneath the longer and coarser guard hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part lying on the lower side or underneath an animal's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool", + "fleece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer coat of especially sheep and yaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mane" + ], + "it": [ + "chioma", + "criniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encolure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mane of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forelock", + "foretop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock of a horse's mane that grows forward between the ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filamentous projection or process on an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender flexible animal appendage as on barnacles or crinoids or many insects; often tactile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp rigid animal process or appendage; as a porcupine quill or a ridge on a bone or a ray of a fish fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the stiff bony spines in the fin of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff hollow protective spine on a porcupine or hedgehog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aculea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny outgrowth on the wings of certain insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aculeus" + ], + "it": [ + "aculeo", + "pungiglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp-pointed process especially a sting of a hymenopterous insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender bristlelike or tubular process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small needlelike appendage; especially the feeding organ of a tardigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villus" + ], + "it": [ + "villo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute hairlike projection on mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle" + ], + "it": [ + "setola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff chitinous seta or bristle especially of an annelid worm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisker", + "vibrissa", + "sensory hair" + ], + "it": [ + "baffo", + "vibrissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long stiff hair growing from the snout or brow of most mammals as e.g. a cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff hair or bristle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairlike structure especially on the surface of a cell or microorganism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operculum" + ], + "it": [ + "opercolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard flap serving as a cover for (a) the gill slits in fishes or (b) the opening of the shell in certain gastropods when the body is retracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tough natural covering of some organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armor", + "armour" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough more-or-less rigid protective covering of an animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scaglia", + "squama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale of the kind that covers the bodies of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective structure resembling a scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bony or horny plate as on an armadillo or turtle or the underside of a snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard plate or element of the exoskeleton of some arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clypeus" + ], + "it": [ + "clipeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shield-like plate on the front of an insect's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carapace", + "shell", + "cuticle", + "shield" + ], + "it": [ + "conchiglia", + "corazza", + "guscio", + "cuticola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard outer covering or case of certain organisms such as arthropods and turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) the part of a turtle's shell forming its underside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "coccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard largely calcareous covering of a mollusc or a brachiopod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the paired hinged shells of certain molluscs and of brachiopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire one-piece shell of a snail and certain other molluscs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop shell" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "conchiglia di pettine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell of a scallop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster shell" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "conchiglia di ostrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell of an oyster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phragmocone", + "phragmacone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin conical chambered internal shell (either straight or curved) of a belemnite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apodeme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ridge-like ingrowth of the exoskeleton of an arthropod that supports internal organs and provides attachment points for muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer sheath of the pupa of certain insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorica" + ], + "it": [ + "lorica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard protective sheath (as secreted by certain protoctists, for example)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelenteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the saclike body cavity of a coelenterate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invertebrate" + ], + "it": [ + "invertebrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal lacking a backbone or notochord; the term is not used as a scientific classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoophyte" + ], + "it": [ + "zoofito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various invertebrate animals resembling a plant such as a sea anemone or coral or sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parazoa", + "subkingdom Parazoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multicellular organisms having less-specialized cells than in the Metazoa; comprises the single phylum Porifera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porifera", + "phylum Porifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the subkingdom Parazoa: sponges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge", + "poriferan", + "parazoan" + ], + "it": [ + "spugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Porifera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellated cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cell or one-celled organism equipped with a flagellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choanocyte", + "collar cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the flagellated cells in sponges having a collar of cytoplasm around the flagellum; they maintain a flow of water through the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyalospongiae", + "class Hyalospongiae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sponges with siliceous spicules that have six rays; choanocytes are restricted to finger-shaped chambers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a siliceous sponge (with glassy spicules) of the class Hyalospongiae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euplectella", + "genus Euplectella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hyalospongiae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus's flower basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep-water marine sponge having a cylindrical skeleton of intricate glassy latticework; found in the waters of the East Indies and the eastern coast of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelenterate family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of coelenterates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelenterate genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of coelenterates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metazoa", + "subkingdom Metazoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multicellular animals having cells differentiated into tissues and organs and usually a digestive cavity and nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metazoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal of the subkingdom Metazoa; all animals except protozoans and sponges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cnidaria", + "phylum Cnidaria", + "Coelenterata", + "phylum Coelenterata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydras; polyps; jellyfishes; sea anemones; corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelenterate", + "cnidarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radially symmetrical animals having saclike bodies with only one opening and tentacles with stinging structures; they occur in polyp and medusa forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat ciliated free-swimming larva of hydrozoan coelenterates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyp" + ], + "it": [ + "polipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two forms that coelenterates take (e.g. a hydra or coral): usually sedentary with a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medusa", + "medusoid", + "medusan" + ], + "it": [ + "medusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two forms that coelenterates take: it is the free-swimming sexual phase in the life cycle of a coelenterate; in this phase it has a gelatinous umbrella-shaped body and tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scyphozoa", + "class Scyphozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coelenterates in which the polyp stage is absent or at least inconspicuous: jellyfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jellyfish" + ], + "it": [ + "medusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous usually marine and free-swimming coelenterates that constitute the sexually reproductive forms of hydrozoans and scyphozoans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegina" + ], + "it": [ + "Aegina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small medusa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scyphozoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually free-swimming marine coelenterates having a gelatinous medusoid stage as the dominant phase of its life cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysaora", + "genus Chrysaora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scyphozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysaora quinquecirrha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of jellyfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrozoa", + "class Hydrozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coelenterates typically having alternation of generations; hydroid phase is usually colonial giving rise to the medusoid phase by budding: hydras and jellyfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrozoan", + "hydroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colonial coelenterates having the polyp phase dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hydra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydra" + ], + "it": [ + "idra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tubular solitary freshwater hydrozoan polyp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siphonophora", + "order Siphonophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine colonial hydrozoans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siphonophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floating or swimming oceanic colony of polyps often transparent or showily colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nanomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Siphonophora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small creatures resembling pieces of fuzzy rope; each with a cluster of swimming bells serving as the head and long elastic tentacles for drawing in prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physalia", + "genus Physalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese man-of-war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese man-of-war", + "man-of-war", + "jellyfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large siphonophore having a bladderlike float and stinging tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colonial siphonophore of up to 130 ft long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apolemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large siphonophore of up to 50 ft long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sertularia", + "genus Sertularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sessile hydroid that forms feathery colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sertularian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feathery colony of long-branched stems bearing stalkless paired polyps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthozoa", + "class Anthozoa", + "Actinozoa", + "class Actinozoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large class of sedentary marine coelenterates that includes sea anemones and corals; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthozoan", + "actinozoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sessile marine coelenterates including solitary and colonial polyps; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actiniaria", + "order Actiniaria", + "Actinaria", + "order Actinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea anemones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea anemone", + "anemone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine polyps that resemble flowers but have oral rings of tentacles; differ from corals in forming no hard skeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinia", + "actinian", + "actiniarian" + ], + "it": [ + "actinia", + "attinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sea anemone or related animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actinia", + "genus Actinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of sea anemone common in rock pools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcyonaria", + "order Alcyonaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals and sea anemones having eight branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcyonacea", + "suborder Alcyonacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the soft corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennatulidae", + "family Pennatulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea pens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennatula", + "genus Pennatula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pennatulidae: sea pens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea pen" + ], + "it": [ + "pennatula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy featherlike warm-water colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral" + ], + "it": [ + "corallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine colonial polyp characterized by a calcareous skeleton; masses in a variety of shapes often forming reefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorgonacea", + "suborder Gorgonacea", + "Gorgoniacea", + "suborder Gorgoniacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red corals and sea fans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorgonian", + "gorgonian coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals having a horny or calcareous branching skeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals forming featherlike colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea fan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals having a treelike or fan-shaped horny skeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals of especially the Mediterranean having pink or red color used for ornaments and jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madreporaria", + "order Madreporaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stony corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stony coral", + "madrepore", + "madriporian coral" + ], + "it": [ + "madrepora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corals having calcareous skeletons aggregations of which form reefs and islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maeandra", + "genus Maeandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brain corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive reef-building coral having a convoluted and furrowed surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acropora", + "genus Acropora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coelenterate genus of order Madreporaria, including staghorn corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staghorn coral", + "stag's-horn coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large branching coral resembling antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fungia", + "genus Fungia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus comprising the usual mushroom corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flattened disk-shaped stony coral (usually solitary and unattached)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of ctenophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of ctenophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ctenophora", + "phylum Ctenophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comb jellies; sea acorns; a small phylum formerly considered a class of Coelenterata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ctene", + "comb-plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotor organ consisting of a row of strong cilia whose bases are fused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore", + "comb jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biradially symmetrical hermaphroditic solitary marine animals resembling jellyfishes having for locomotion eight rows of cilia arranged like teeth in a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuda", + "class Nuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophores lacking tentacles; comprises one genus: beroe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Beroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the class Nuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicately iridescent thimble-shaped ctenophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tentaculata", + "class Tentaculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophores have retractile tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cydippida", + "order Cydippida", + "Cydippidea", + "order Cydippidea", + "Cydippea", + "order Cydippea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophores having two long pinnate tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platyctenea", + "order Platyctenea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of Tentaculata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platyctenean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore have long tentacles and flattened body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleurobrachiidae", + "family Pleurobrachiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea gooseberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleurobrachia", + "genus Pleurobrachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea gooseberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea gooseberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore having a rounded body with longitudinal rows of cilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cestida", + "order Cestida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore having short tentacles; one family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cestidae", + "family Cestidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Cestida; ctenophores having a greatly flattened and elongated body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cestum", + "genus Cestum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Venus's girdle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus's girdle", + "Cestum veneris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore having a ribbon-shaped iridescent gelatinous body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobata", + "order Lobata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ctenophore having tentacles only in the immature stage; body compressed vertically having two large oral lobes and four pointed processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ciliated comb-like swimming plate of a ctenophore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm" + ], + "it": [ + "baco", + "bruco", + "eruca", + "verme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous relatively small elongated soft-bodied animals especially of the phyla Annelida and Chaetognatha and Nematoda and Nemertea and Platyhelminthes; also many insect larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helminth", + "parasitic worm" + ], + "it": [ + "elminto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worm that is parasitic on the intestines of vertebrates especially roundworms and tapeworms and flukes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodworm" + ], + "it": [ + "tarlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a larva of a woodborer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodborer", + "borer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects or larvae or mollusks that bore into wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthocephala", + "phylum Acanthocephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phylum or class of elongated wormlike parasites that live in the intestines of vertebrates: spiny-headed worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthocephalan", + "spiny-headed worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various worms living parasitically in intestines of vertebrates having a retractile proboscis covered with many hooked spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaetognatha", + "phylum Chaetognatha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrowworms: a group of small active transparent marine worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowworm", + "chaetognath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any worm of the Chaetognatha; transparent marine worm with horizontal lateral and caudal fins and a row of movable curved spines at each side of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sagitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief genus of Chaetognatha including the largest arrowworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any arrowworm of the genus Sagitta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Spadella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine worms resembling the sagittas but with a broader body and only one pair of lateral fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platyhelminthes", + "phylum Platyhelminthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encysted saclike larva of the tapeworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatworm", + "platyhelminth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic or free-living worms having a flattened body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turbellaria", + "class Turbellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-living flatworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planarian", + "planaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming mostly freshwater flatworms; popular in laboratory studies for the ability to regenerate lost parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trematoda", + "class Trematoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic flatworms (including flukes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluke", + "trematode", + "trematode worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic flatworms having external suckers for attaching to a host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cercaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tadpole-shaped parasitic larva of a trematode worm; tail disappears in adult stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fasciolidae", + "family Fasciolidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Trematoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fasciola", + "genus Fasciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Fasciolidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver fluke", + "Fasciola hepatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Fasciola hepatica", + "distoma epatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatworm parasitic in liver and bile ducts of domestic animals and humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fasciolopsis", + "genus Fasciolopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Fasciolidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fasciolopsis buski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fluke that is parasitic on humans and swine; common in eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schistosomatidae", + "family Schistosomatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Trematoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schistosoma", + "genus Schistosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Schistosomatidae: blood flukes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schistosome", + "blood fluke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatworms parasitic in the blood vessels of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cestoda", + "class Cestoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapeworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapeworm", + "cestode" + ], + "it": [ + "tenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ribbonlike flatworms that are parasitic in the intestines of humans and other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taeniidae", + "family Taeniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Cestoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Echinococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapeworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinococcus" + ], + "it": [ + "echinococco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapeworms whose larvae are parasitic in humans and domestic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Taenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Taeniidae: tapeworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapeworms parasitic in humans which uses the pig as its intermediate host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nemertea", + "phylum Nemertea", + "Nemertina", + "phylum Nemertina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proboscis worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon worm", + "nemertean", + "nemertine", + "proboscis worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft unsegmented marine worms that have a threadlike proboscis and the ability to stretch and contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pogonophora", + "phylum Pogonophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beard worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard worm", + "pogonophoran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender animal with tentacles and a tubelike outer covering; lives on the deep ocean bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rotifera", + "phylum Rotifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phylum including: rotifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute aquatic multicellular organisms having a ciliated wheel-like organ for feeding and locomotion; constituents of freshwater plankton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nematoda", + "phylum Nematoda", + "Aschelminthes", + "phylum Aschelminthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsegmented worms: roundworms; threadworms; eelworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphasmidia", + "class Aphasmidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phasmidia", + "class Phasmidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nematode", + "nematode worm", + "roundworm" + ], + "it": [ + "ascaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascaridae", + "family Ascaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large roundworms parasitic in intestines of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascaris", + "genus Ascaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ascaridae: roundworms with a three-lipped mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common roundworm", + "Ascaris lumbricoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Ascaris lumbricoides", + "ascaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intestinal parasite of humans and pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascaridia", + "genus Ascaridia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roundworm having a preanal sucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken roundworm", + "Ascaridia galli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intestinal parasite of domestic fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxyuridae", + "family Oxyuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enterobius", + "genus Enterobius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinworm", + "threadworm", + "Enterobius vermicularis" + ], + "it": [ + "Enterobius vermicularis", + "ossiuro", + "ossiuro dei bambini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small threadlike worm infesting human intestines and rectum especially in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eelworm" + ], + "it": [ + "anguillula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small free-living plant-parasitic roundworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalobidae", + "family Cephalobidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Nematoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguillula", + "genus Anguillula", + "Turbatrix", + "genus Turbatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cephalobidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegar eel", + "vinegar worm", + "Anguillula aceti", + "Turbatrix aceti" + ], + "it": [ + "Anguillula aceti", + "anguillula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute eelworm that feeds on organisms that cause fermentation in e.g. vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tylenchidae", + "family Tylenchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Nematoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tylenchus", + "genus Tylenchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Tylenchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheatworm", + "wheat eel", + "wheat eelworm", + "Tylenchus tritici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small roundworm parasitic on wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ancylostomatidae", + "family Ancylostomatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hookworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichina", + "Trichinella spiralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic nematode occurring in the intestines of pigs and rats and human beings and producing larvae that form cysts in skeletal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hookworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic bloodsucking roundworms having hooked mouth parts to fasten to the intestinal wall of human and other hosts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Filariidae", + "family Filariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "threadlike roundworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filaria" + ], + "it": [ + "filaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender threadlike roundworms living in the blood and tissues of vertebrates; transmitted as larvae by biting insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracunculidae", + "family Dracunculidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greatly elongated roundworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracunculus", + "genus Dracunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Dracunculidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea worm", + "Dracunculus medinensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Dracunculus medinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic roundworm of India and Africa that lives in the abdomen or beneath the skin of humans and other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annelida", + "phylum Annelida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "segmented worms: earthworms; lugworms; leeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annelid", + "annelid worm", + "segmented worm" + ], + "it": [ + "anellide", + "anellidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worms with cylindrical bodies segmented both internally and externally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archiannelida", + "class Archiannelida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of Annelida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archiannelid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small primitive marine worm lacking external segmentation and resembling polychaete larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oligochaeta", + "class Oligochaeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earthworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligochaete", + "oligochaete worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hermaphroditic terrestrial and aquatic annelids having bristles borne singly along the length of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthworm", + "angleworm", + "fishworm", + "fishing worm", + "wiggler", + "nightwalker", + "nightcrawler", + "crawler", + "dew worm", + "red worm" + ], + "it": [ + "lombrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial worm that burrows into and helps aerate soil; often surfaces when the ground is cool or wet; used as bait by anglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branchiobdellidae", + "family Branchiobdellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small annelid worms with the posterior end modified into an adhesive sucker; especially formerly regarded as modified leeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branchiobdella", + "genus Branchiobdella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Branchiobdellidae: a small worm that lives on the gills or surface of a crayfish attached by a sucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polychaeta", + "class Polychaeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine annelid worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polychaete", + "polychete", + "polychaete worm", + "polychete worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly marine annelids possessing both sexes and having paired appendages (parapodia) bearing bristles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lugworm", + "lug", + "lobworm" + ], + "it": [ + "arenicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine worms having a row of tufted gills along each side of the back; often used for fishing bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large worms having a broad flattened body with a mat of coarse hairs covering the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terebellidae", + "family Terebellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine burrowing or tube-forming polychete worms usually having long thick bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terebella", + "genus Terebella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Terebellidae; tube-forming marine polychete worms with many filamentous tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polycirrus", + "genus Polycirrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of soft-bodied polychete marine worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segmented marine worm with bright red body; often used for bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirudinea", + "class Hirudinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hermaphroditic aquatic or terrestrial or parasitic annelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leech", + "bloodsucker", + "hirudinean" + ], + "it": [ + "mignatta", + "sanguisuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous or bloodsucking aquatic or terrestrial worms typically having a sucker at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirudinidae", + "family Hirudinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Hirudinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirudo", + "genus Hirudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Hirudinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicinal leech", + "Hirudo medicinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Hirudo medicinalis", + "sangueta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European freshwater leech formerly used for bloodletting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemopis", + "genus Haemopis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseleech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large freshwater leeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollusk family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollusk genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mollusca", + "phylum Mollusca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gastropods; bivalves; cephalopods; chitons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollusk", + "mollusc", + "shellfish" + ], + "it": [ + "crostaceo", + "mollusco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invertebrate having a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scaphopoda", + "class Scaphopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small class of bilaterally symmetrical marine forms comprising the tooth shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaphopod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing marine mollusk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth shell", + "tusk shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various seashore mollusks having a tapering tubular shell open at each end and a foot pointed like a spade for burrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either the outer margin or the inner margin of the aperture of a gastropod's shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gastropoda", + "class Gastropoda", + "Gasteropoda", + "class Gasteropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snails and slugs and their relatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastropod", + "univalve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of mollusks typically having a one-piece coiled shell and flattened muscular foot with a head bearing stalked eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haliotidae", + "family Haliotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abalones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haliotis", + "genus Haliotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Haliotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abalone", + "ear-shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large edible marine gastropods of the genus Haliotis having an ear-shaped shell with pearly interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ormer", + "sea-ear", + "Haliotis tuberculata" + ], + "it": [ + "Haliotis tuberculata", + "abalone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abalone found near the Channel Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strombidae", + "family Strombidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of conchs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lambis", + "genus Lambis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scorpion shells of shallow tropical waters of the eastern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpion shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical marine snails that as adults have the outer lip of the aperture produced into a series of long curved spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strombus", + "genus Strombus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Strombidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various edible tropical marine gastropods of the genus Strombus having a brightly-colored spiral shell with large outer lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant conch", + "Strombus gigas" + ], + "it": [ + "Strombus gigas", + "botuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large variety of conch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helicidae", + "family Helicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land snails including the common edible snail and some pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snail" + ], + "it": [ + "chiocciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater or marine or terrestrial gastropod mollusk usually having an external enclosing spiral shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helix", + "genus Helix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Helicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible snail", + "Helix pomatia" + ], + "it": [ + "Helix pomatia", + "chiocciola piemontese", + "lumaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the chief edible snails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden snail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several inedible snails of the genus Helix; often destructive pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown snail", + "Helix aspersa" + ], + "it": [ + "Helix aspersa", + "corrugata", + "maruzza", + "zigrinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious garden pest having a brown shell with paler zigzag markings; nearly cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helix hortensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of garden snail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limacidae", + "family Limacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limax", + "genus Limax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Limacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slug" + ], + "it": [ + "limaccia", + "lumaca", + "lumacone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various terrestrial gastropods having an elongated slimy body and no external shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasnail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several creeping marine gastropods with a spirally coiled shell: whelks; tritons; moon shells; neritids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neritidae", + "family Neritidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neritids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neritid", + "neritid gastropod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operculate seasnail of coastal waters with a short spiral shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nerita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Neritidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neritid gastropod having a short smooth or spirally ridged shell with thick usually toothed outer lip and toothed operculum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleeding tooth", + "Nerita peloronta" + ], + "it": [ + "Nerita peloronta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gastropod having reddish toothlike projections around the shell opening; of the Caribbean area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Neritina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Neritidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neritina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornately marked and brightly colored snails of brackish waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buccinidae", + "family Buccinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whelks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whelk" + ], + "it": [ + "buccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carnivorous marine gastropods of coastal waters and intertidal regions having a strong snail-like shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cymatiidae", + "family Cymatiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tritons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical marine gastropods having beautifully colored spiral shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naticidae", + "family Naticidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moonshells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon shell", + "moonshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine gastropods having smooth rounded shells that form short spires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Littorinidae", + "family Littorinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periwinkles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Littorina", + "genus Littorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Littorinidae: periwinkles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle", + "winkle" + ], + "it": [ + "litorina", + "littorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible marine gastropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limpet" + ], + "it": [ + "patella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually marine gastropods with low conical shells; found clinging to rocks in littoral areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patellidae", + "family Patellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine limpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patella", + "genus Patella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Patellidae: common European limpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common limpet", + "Patella vulgata" + ], + "it": [ + "Patella vulgata", + "patella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine limpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fissurellidae", + "family Fissurellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine limpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fissurella", + "genus Fissurella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Fissurellidae: keyhole limpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyhole limpet", + "Fissurella apertura", + "Diodora apertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine limpet having a conical shell with an opening at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ancylidae", + "family Ancylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater gastropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ancylus", + "genus Ancylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ancylidae: river limpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river limpet", + "freshwater limpet", + "Ancylus fluviatilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ancylus fluviatilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute conical gastropod superficially resembling a limpet but living and feeding on freshwater plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opisthobranchia", + "subclass Opisthobranchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gastropods having the gills when present posterior to the heart and having no operculum: includes sea slugs; sea butterflies; sea hares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nudibranchia", + "order Nudibranchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising numerous marine gastropod mollusks lacking a shell in the adult state and usually having a body like a slug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea slug", + "nudibranch" + ], + "it": [ + "lumaca di mare", + "oloturoideo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various marine gastropods of the suborder Nudibranchia having a shell-less and often beautifully colored body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aplysiidae", + "family Aplysiidae", + "Tethyidae", + "family Tethyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea hares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aplysia", + "genus Aplysia", + "Tethys", + "genus Tethus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Aplysiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea hare", + "Aplysia punctata" + ], + "it": [ + "Aplysia punctata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naked marine gastropod having a soft body with reduced internal shell and two pairs of ear-like tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermissenda", + "genus Hermissenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of marine sea slugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermissenda crassicornis" + ], + "it": [ + "Hermissenda crassicornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sea slug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akeridae", + "family Akeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bubble shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haminoea", + "genus Haminoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common genus of marine bubble shells of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine gastropod mollusk having a very small thin shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulmonata", + "order Pulmonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large order of gastropods usually breathing by means of a lung-like sac comprising most land snails and slugs and many freshwater snails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physidae", + "family Physidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater snails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Physa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Physidae; freshwater air-breathing snails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the genus Physa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pectinibranchia", + "order Pectinibranchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large order of gastropods comprising univalve mollusks that have a single gill resembling a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypraeidae", + "family Cypraeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of marine gastropods comprising the cowries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypraea", + "genus Cypraea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cypraeidae: the typical cowries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowrie", + "cowry" + ], + "it": [ + "ciprea", + "porcellana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous tropical marine gastropods of the genus Cypraea having highly polished usually brightly marked shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money cowrie", + "Cypraea moneta" + ], + "it": [ + "Cypraea moneta", + "cauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cowrie whose shell is used for money in parts of the southern Pacific and in parts of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger cowrie", + "Cypraea tigris" + ], + "it": [ + "Cypraea tigris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cowrie whose shell is used for ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ctenidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comb-like respiratory structure serving as the gill of certain mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the often brightly colored and branching hornlike structures on the back of the nudibranch (and other related mollusks) that serve as gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphineura", + "subclass Amphineura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of Gastropoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solenogastres", + "order Solenogastres", + "Aplacophora", + "order Aplacophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of Amphineura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solenogaster", + "aplacophoran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-water wormlike mollusks lacking calcareous plates on the body but having fine slimy spicules on the covering mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyplacophora", + "class Polyplacophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small class of marine mollusks comprising the chitons; sometimes considered an order of the subclass Amphineura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chiton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Polyplacophora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiton", + "coat-of-mail shell", + "sea cradle", + "polyplacophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive elongated bilaterally symmetrical marine mollusk having a mantle covered with eight calcareous plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "byssus", + "beard" + ], + "it": [ + "bisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuft of strong filaments by which e.g. a mussel makes itself fast to a fixed surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bivalvia", + "class Bivalvia", + "Lamellibranchia", + "class Lamellibranchia", + "class Pelecypoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oysters; clams; scallops; mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bivalve", + "pelecypod", + "lamellibranch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young oyster or other bivalve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clam" + ], + "it": [ + "arsella", + "vongola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing marine mollusk living on sand or mud; the shell closes with viselike firmness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seashell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shell of a marine organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shell of a clam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myaceae", + "order Myaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myacidae", + "family Myacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-shell clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mya", + "genus Mya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Myacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shell clam", + "steamer", + "steamer clam", + "long-neck clam", + "Mya arenaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Mya arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible clam with thin oval-shaped shell found in coastal regions of the United States and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veneridae", + "family Veneridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard-shell clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus", + "genus Venus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Veneridae: genus of edible clams with thick oval shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercenaria", + "genus Mercenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Veneridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quahog", + "quahaug", + "hard-shell clam", + "hard clam", + "round clam", + "Venus mercenaria", + "Mercenaria mercenaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Venus mercenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible American clam; the heavy shells were used as money by some American Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "littleneck", + "littleneck clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young quahog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherrystone", + "cherrystone clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a half-grown quahog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geoduck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large edible clam found burrowing deeply in sandy mud along the Pacific coast of North America; weighs up to six pounds; has siphons that can extend to several feet and cannot be withdrawn into the shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solenidae", + "family Solenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "razor clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ensis", + "genus Ensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "razor clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razor clam", + "jackknife clam", + "knife-handle" + ], + "it": [ + "cannolicchio", + "cappa", + "kappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine clam having a long narrow curved thin shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tridacnidae", + "family Tridacnidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large marine hard-shell clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tridacna", + "genus Tridacna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Tridacnidae: giant clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant clam", + "Tridacna gigas" + ], + "it": [ + "Tridacna gigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large clam inhabiting reefs in the southern Pacific and weighing up to 500 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardiidae", + "family Cardiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhat heart-shaped sand-burrowing bivalve mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardium", + "genus Cardium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cardiidae: cockles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible, burrowing European bivalve mollusk that has a strong, rounded shell with radiating ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible cockle", + "Cardium edule" + ], + "it": [ + "Cardium edule", + "conchiglia", + "mollusco bivalve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible European cockle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostreidae", + "family Ostreidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster" + ], + "it": [ + "ostrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young oyster especially of a size for transplantation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostrea", + "genus Ostrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Ostreidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluepoint", + "blue point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small edible oyster typically from the southern shore of Long Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese oyster", + "Ostrea gigas" + ], + "it": [ + "Ostrea gigas", + "ostrica asiatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large oyster native to Japan and introduced along the Pacific coast of the United States; a candidate for introduction in Chesapeake Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crassostrea", + "genus Crassostrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Virginia oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible oyster of Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteriidae", + "family Pteriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pearl oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinctada", + "genus Pinctada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pearl oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl oyster", + "Pinctada margaritifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Pinctada margaritifera", + "ostrica perlifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical marine bivalve found chiefly off eastern Asia and Pacific coast of North America and Central America; a major source of pearls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anomiidae", + "family Anomiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saddle oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anomia", + "genus Anomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Anomiidae: saddle oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle oyster", + "Anomia ephippium" + ], + "it": [ + "Anomia ephippium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin-shelled bivalve having the right valve deeply notched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Placuna", + "genus Placuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "windowpane oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window oyster", + "windowpane oyster", + "capiz", + "Placuna placenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine bivalve common in Philippine coastal waters characterized by a large thin flat translucent shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcidae", + "family Arcidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ark shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arca", + "genus Arca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Arcidae: ark shells and blood clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ark shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine bivalve mollusk having a heavy toothed shell with a deep boat-like inner surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red-blooded clam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mussel" + ], + "it": [ + "cozza", + "cozzeca", + "mitilo", + "peocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine or freshwater bivalve mollusk that lives attached to rocks etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mytilidae", + "family Mytilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mytilus", + "genus Mytilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Mytilidae: smooth-shelled marine mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine mussel", + "mytilid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine bivalve mollusk having a dark elongated shell; live attached to solid objects especially in intertidal zones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible mussel", + "Mytilus edulis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mytilus edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mussel with a dark shell that lives attached to rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshwater mussel", + "freshwater clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bivalve mollusk abundant in rivers of central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unionidae", + "family Unionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater mussels found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unio", + "genus Unio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Unionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearly-shelled mussel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pearly lining of the dark shells is a source of mother-of-pearl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anodonta", + "genus Anodonta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin-shelled freshwater mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin-shelled mussel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mussel with thin fragile shells having only rudimentary hinge teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dreissena", + "genus Dreissena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "zebra mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebra mussel", + "Dreissena polymorpha" + ], + "it": [ + "Dreissena polymorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inch long mollusk imported accidentally from Europe; clogs utility inlet pipes and feeds on edible freshwater mussels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pectinidae", + "family Pectinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "scollop", + "escallop" + ], + "it": [ + "pettine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible marine bivalve having a fluted fan-shaped shell that swim by expelling water from the shell in a series of snapping motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pecten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pectinidae: sea and bay scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay scallop", + "Pecten irradians" + ], + "it": [ + "Pecten irradians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small scallop inhabiting shallow waters and mud flats of the Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea scallop", + "giant scallop", + "Pecten magellanicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large scallop inhabiting deep waters of the Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teredinidae", + "family Teredinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shipworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Teredo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Teredinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipworm", + "teredinid" + ], + "it": [ + "bruma", + "teredine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wormlike marine bivalve that bores into wooden piers and ships by means of drill-like shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teredo" + ], + "it": [ + "bruma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical shipworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bankia", + "genus Bankia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant shipworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant northwest shipworm", + "Bankia setaceae" + ], + "it": [ + "Bankia setaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant shipworm of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholadidae", + "family Pholadidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Bivalvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholas", + "genus Pholas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pholadidae: piddocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piddock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine bivalve that bores into rock or clay or wood by means of saw-like shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalopoda", + "class Cephalopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "octopuses; squids; cuttlefish; pearly nautilus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalopod", + "cephalopod mollusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine mollusk characterized by well-developed head and eyes and sucker-bearing tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nautilidae", + "family Nautilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiral-shelled cephalopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nautilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus and sole recent representative of the family Nautilidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chambered nautilus", + "pearly nautilus", + "nautilus" + ], + "it": [ + "nautilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cephalopod of the Indian and Pacific oceans having a spiral shell with pale pearly partitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dibranchiata", + "subclass Dibranchiata", + "Dibranchia", + "subclass Dibranchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising all living cephalopods except the family Nautilidae: the orders Octopoda (octopuses) and Decapoda (squids and cuttlefish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibranchiate", + "dibranchiate mollusk", + "dibranch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cephalopods having two gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Octopoda", + "order Octopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "octopuses and paper nautilus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octopod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cephalopod with eight arms but lacking an internal shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Octopodidae", + "family Octopodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Octopoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Octopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Octopodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octopus", + "devilfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-living cephalopod having a soft oval body with eight long tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argonautidae", + "family Argonautidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represented solely by the genus Argonauta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argonauta", + "genus Argonauta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Argonautidae: paper nautilus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper nautilus", + "nautilus", + "Argonaut", + "Argonauta argo" + ], + "it": [ + "Argonauta argo", + "argonauta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cephalopod mollusk of warm seas whose females have delicate papery spiral shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decapoda", + "order Decapoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squids and cuttlefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decapod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cephalopods having eight short tentacles plus two long ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squid" + ], + "it": [ + "calamaro", + "totano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed fast-moving ten-armed cephalopod mollusk having a long tapered body with triangular tail fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Loligo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loligo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhat flattened cylindrical squid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ommastrephes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Decapoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ommastrephes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely active cylindrical squid with short strong arms and large rhombic terminal fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Architeuthis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant squid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architeuthis", + "giant squid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest mollusk known about but never seen (to 60 feet long)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sepiidae", + "family Sepiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true cuttlefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sepia", + "genus Sepia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sepiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuttlefish", + "cuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "seppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ten-armed oval-bodied cephalopod with narrow fins as long as the body and a large calcareous internal shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirulidae", + "family Spirulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Spirula; included in the order Belemnoidea in some older classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Spirula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small cephalopods with many-chambered spiral shells resembling those of the extinct belemnites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirula", + "Spirula peronii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tropical cephalopod of the genus Spirula having prominent eyes and short arms and a many-chambered shell coiled in a flat spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belemnoidea", + "order Belemnoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of extinct dibranchiate cephalopods related to the surviving spirulas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belemnitidae", + "family Belemnitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of extinct Mesozoic cephalopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belemnite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical calcareous fossil tapering to a point at one end and with a conical cavity at the other end containing (when unbroken) a small chambered phragmocone from the shell of any of numerous extinct cephalopods of the family Belemnitidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craw", + "crop" + ], + "it": [ + "gozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pouch in many birds and some lower animals that resembles a stomach for storage and preliminary maceration of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gizzard", + "ventriculus", + "gastric mill" + ], + "it": [ + "grecile", + "gricile", + "ventriglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick-walled muscular pouch below the crop in many birds and reptiles for grinding food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crustacea", + "class Crustacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of mandibulate arthropods including: lobsters; crabs; shrimps; woodlice; barnacles; decapods; water fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crustacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mainly aquatic arthropod usually having a segmented body and chitinous exoskeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of glands (believed to have excretory functions) in some crustaceans near the base of the large antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malacostraca", + "subclass Malacostraca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest subclass of Crustacea including most of the well-known marine, freshwater, and terrestrial crustaceans: crabs; lobsters; shrimps; sow bugs; beach flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacostracan crustacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major subclass of crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decapoda", + "order Decapoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobsters; crayfish; crabs; shrimps; prawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decapod crustacean", + "decapod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crustaceans characteristically having five pairs of locomotor appendages each joined to a segment of the thorax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachyura", + "suborder Brachyura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of crustaceans (including true crabs) having a reduced abdomen folded against the ventral surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachyuran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab" + ], + "it": [ + "granchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decapod having eyes on short stalks and a broad flattened carapace with a small abdomen folded under the thorax and pincers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menippe", + "genus Menippe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stone crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone crab", + "Menippe mercenaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Menippe mercenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible crab of the southern coast of the United States (particularly Florida)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancridae", + "family Cancridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "many of the best known edible crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancer", + "genus Cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cancridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard-shell crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible crab that has not recently molted and so has a hard shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shell crab", + "soft-shelled crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible crab that has recently molted and not yet formed its new shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dungeness crab", + "Cancer magister" + ], + "it": [ + "Cancer magister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small edible crab of Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock crab", + "Cancer irroratus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cancer irroratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crab of eastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonah crab", + "Cancer borealis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cancer borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large red deep-water crab of the eastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portunidae", + "family Portunidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swimming crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine crab with some legs flattened and fringed for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portunus", + "genus Portunus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Portunidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English lady crab", + "Portunus puber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crab of the English coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovalipes", + "genus Ovalipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Portunidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American lady crab", + "lady crab", + "calico crab", + "Ovalipes ocellatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly spotted crab of sandy beaches of the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callinectes", + "genus Callinectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World blue crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue crab", + "Callinectes sapidus" + ], + "it": [ + "Callinectes sapidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish edible crab of Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uca", + "genus Uca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiddler crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddler crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing crab of American coastal regions having one claw much enlarged in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinnotheridae", + "family Pinnotheridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny soft-bodied crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinnotheres", + "genus Pinnotheres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pinnotheridae: pea crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny soft-bodied crab living commensally in the mantles of certain bivalve mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster crab", + "Pinnotheres ostreum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny soft-bodied crab living within the mantle cavity of oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithodidae", + "family Lithodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea crabs of cold waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paralithodes", + "genus Paralithodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lithodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king crab", + "Alaska crab", + "Alaskan king crab", + "Alaska king crab", + "Paralithodes camtschatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Paralithodes camtschatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible crab of northern Pacific waters especially along the coasts of Alaska and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Majidae", + "family Majidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spider crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider crab" + ], + "it": [ + "granceola", + "grancevola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous crabs with very long legs and small triangular bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maja", + "genus Maja", + "Maia", + "genus Maia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Majidae; nearly cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European spider crab", + "king crab", + "Maja squinado" + ], + "it": [ + "Maja squinado", + "granceola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large spider crab of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrocheira", + "genus Macrocheira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant crabs of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant crab", + "Macrocheira kaempferi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large deep-water Japanese crab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reptantia", + "suborder Reptantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobsters; crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster" + ], + "it": [ + "aragosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several edible marine crustaceans of the families Homaridae and Nephropsidae and Palinuridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homaridae", + "family Homaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-clawed lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true lobster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible marine crustaceans having large pincers on the first pair of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homarus", + "genus Homarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Homaridae: common edible lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American lobster", + "Northern lobster", + "Maine lobster", + "Homarus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobster of Atlantic coast of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European lobster", + "Homarus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Homarus vulgaris", + "astice", + "lupicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobster of Atlantic coast of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape lobster", + "Homarus capensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small lobster of southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephropsidae", + "family Nephropsidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications coextensive with the Homaridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephrops", + "genus Nephrops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Nephropsidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norway lobster", + "Nephrops norvegicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Nephrops norvegicus", + "scampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible European lobster resembling the American lobster but slenderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palinuridae", + "family Palinuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palinurus", + "genus Palinurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Palinuridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny lobster", + "langouste", + "rock lobster", + "crawfish", + "crayfish", + "sea crawfish" + ], + "it": [ + "aragosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible marine crustacean having a spiny carapace but lacking the large pincers of true lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astacidae", + "family Astacidae", + "Astacura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crayfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crayfish", + "crawfish", + "crawdad", + "crawdaddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater decapod crustacean that resembles a lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astacus", + "genus Astacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Astacidae; Old World crayfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World crayfish", + "ecrevisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small crayfish of Europe and Asia and western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambarus", + "genus Cambarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Astacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American crayfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common large crayfishes of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paguridae", + "family Paguridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hermit crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pagurus", + "genus Pagurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Paguridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermit crab" + ], + "it": [ + "bernardo eremita", + "eremita", + "paguro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small soft-bodied marine crustaceans living in cast-off shells of gastropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natantia", + "suborder Natantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimp; prawns; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crangonidae", + "family Crangonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crangon", + "genus Crangon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Crangonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimp" + ], + "it": [ + "gamberetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender-bodied chiefly marine decapod crustaceans with a long tail and single pair of pincers; many species are edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapping shrimp", + "pistol shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrimp that makes a snapping noise with one of their enlarged chelae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palaemonidae", + "family Palaemonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palaemon", + "genus Palaemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Palaemonidae; widely distributed genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prawn" + ], + "it": [ + "gambero", + "scampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimp-like decapod crustacean having two pairs of pincers; most are edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-clawed prawn", + "river prawn", + "Palaemon australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (a foot or more) edible freshwater prawn common in Australian rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peneidae", + "family Peneidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical prawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peneus", + "genus Peneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Peneidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropical prawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible tropical and warm-water prawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schizopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications a division of Malacostraca; superseded by the orders Mysidacea and Euphausiacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphausiacea", + "order Euphausiacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small commonly luminescent crustaceans; important element of marine plankton: krill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krill" + ], + "it": [ + "krill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimp-like planktonic crustaceans; major source of food for e.g. baleen whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphausia pacifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food for jellyfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysidacea", + "order Mysidacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opossum shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysidae", + "family Mysidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrimp-like crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysis", + "genus Mysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Mysidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Praunus", + "genus Praunus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mysidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opossum shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimp-like crustaceans whose females carry eggs and young in a pouch between the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stomatopoda", + "order Stomatopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mantis shrimps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomatopod", + "stomatopod crustacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of crustacean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantis shrimp", + "mantis crab" + ], + "it": [ + "cannocchia", + "canocchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical marine burrowing crustaceans with large grasping appendages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Squillidae", + "family Squillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crustaceans that burrow in mud or under stones in shallow water along the seashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Squilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Squillidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squilla", + "mantis prawn" + ], + "it": [ + "squilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of mantis shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isopoda", + "order Isopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodlice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isopod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small terrestrial or aquatic crustaceans with seven pairs of legs adapted for crawling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodlouse", + "slater" + ], + "it": [ + "onisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small terrestrial isopods having a flat elliptical segmented body; found in damp habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armadillidiidae", + "family Armadillidiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pill bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armadillidium", + "genus Armadillidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Armadillidiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small terrestrial isopod with a convex segmented body that can roll up into a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oniscidae", + "family Oniscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Isopoda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oniscus", + "genus Oniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Oniscidae; woodlice that cannot roll into a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porcellionidae", + "family Porcellionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sow bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porcellio", + "genus Porcellio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of isopod crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial isopod having an oval segmented body (a shape like a sow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea louse", + "sea slater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine isopod crustacean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphipoda", + "order Amphipoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flat-bodied semiterrestrial crustaceans: whale lice; sand-hoppers; skeleton shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphipod" + ], + "it": [ + "anfipodo", + "pulce di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of malacostracan crustacean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orchestiidae", + "family Orchestiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beach fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orchestia", + "genus Orchestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Orchestiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach flea", + "sand hopper", + "sandhopper", + "sand flea" + ], + "it": [ + "pulce di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small amphipod crustaceans that hop like fleas; common on ocean beaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caprella", + "genus Caprella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skeleton shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small amphipod crustacean having a grotesque form suggestive of the praying mantis; found chiefly on seaweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyamus", + "genus Cyamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whale lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphipod crustacean parasitic on cetaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entomostraca", + "subclass Entomostraca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some older classifications includes the Branchiopoda and Copepoda and Ostracoda and Cirripedia; no longer in technical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branchiopoda", + "subclass Branchiopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive aquatic mainly freshwater crustaceans: fairy shrimps; brine shrimps; tadpole shrimps; can shrimps; water fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branchiopod crustacean", + "branchiopod", + "branchiopodan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic crustaceans typically having a carapace and many pairs of leaflike appendages used for swimming as well as respiration and feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Daphnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daphnia", + "water flea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute freshwater crustacean having a round body enclosed in a transparent shell; moves about like a flea by means of hairy branched antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anostraca", + "order Anostraca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small aquatic crustaceans lacking a carapace: fairy shrimps; brine shrimps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artemia", + "genus Artemia", + "Chirocephalus", + "genus Chirocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fairy shrimp; brine shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater branchiopod having a transparent body with many appendages; swims on its back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brine shrimp", + "Artemia salina" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemia salina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common to saline lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notostraca", + "order Notostraca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater crustaceans with a shield-shaped carapace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triopidae", + "family Triopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Notostraca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triops", + "genus Triops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Triopidae: small crustaceans with a small third median eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tadpole shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of branchiopod crustacean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copepoda", + "subclass Copepoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute planktonic or parasitic crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copepod", + "copepod crustacean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute marine or freshwater crustaceans usually having six pairs of limbs on the thorax; some abundant in plankton and others parasitic on fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brit", + "britt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute crustaceans forming food for right whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cyclops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copepod water fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclops", + "water flea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute free-swimming freshwater copepod having a large median eye and pear-shaped body and long antennae used in swimming; important in some food chains and as intermediate hosts of parasitic worms that affect man e.g. Guinea worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branchiura", + "order Branchiura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copepods with suctorial mouthparts; parasitic on fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of copepod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostracoda", + "subclass Ostracoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed shrimps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed shrimp", + "mussel shrimp", + "ostracod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny marine and freshwater crustaceans with a shrimp-like body enclosed in a bivalve shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cirripedia", + "subclass Cirripedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barnacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnacle", + "cirriped", + "cirripede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine crustaceans with feathery food-catching appendages; free-swimming as larvae; as adults form a hard shell and live attached to submerged surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balanidae", + "family Balanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalkless barnacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balanus", + "genus Balanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Balanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorn barnacle", + "rock barnacle", + "Balanus balanoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barnacle that attaches to rocks especially in intertidal zones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepadidae", + "family Lepadidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goose barnacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepas", + "genus Lepas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Lepadidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose barnacle", + "gooseneck barnacle", + "Lepas fascicularis" + ], + "it": [ + "Lepas fascicularis", + "lepade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalked barnacle that attaches to ship bottoms or floating timbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onychophora", + "class Onychophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enigmatic small elongated wormlike terrestrial invertebrates of damp dark habitats in warm regions; distinct from the phylum Annelida; resemble slugs with legs and are sometimes described as the missing link between arthropods and annelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onychophoran", + "velvet worm", + "peripatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous velvety-skinned wormlike carnivorous animals common in tropical forests having characteristics of both arthropods and annelid worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peripatidae", + "family Peripatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Onychophora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Peripatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Peripatidae; onychophorans of chiefly New World tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plicatoperipatus", + "genus Plicatoperipatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Peripatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plicatoperipatus jamaicensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of onychophoran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peripatopsidae", + "family Peripatopsidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Onychophora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peripatopsis", + "genus Peripatopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Peripatopsidae; onychophorans of chiefly Asiatic and African tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wading bird", + "wader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of many long-legged birds that wade in water in search of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciconiiformes", + "order Ciconiiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of chiefly tropical marsh-dwelling fish-eating wading birds with long legs and bills and (except for flamingos) unwebbed feet: herons; storks; spoonbills; flamingos; ibises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciconiidae", + "family Ciconiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "storks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stork" + ], + "it": [ + "cicogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mostly Old World wading birds typically having white-and-black plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciconia", + "genus Ciconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ciconiidae: European storks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white stork", + "Ciconia ciconia" + ], + "it": [ + "Ciconia ciconia", + "cicogna bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common stork of Europe; white with black wing feathers and a red bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black stork", + "Ciconia nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Ciconia nigra", + "cicogna nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World stork that is glossy black above and white below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptoptilus", + "genus Leptoptilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjutant birds and marabous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjutant bird", + "adjutant", + "adjutant stork", + "Leptoptilus dubius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Indian stork with a military gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marabou", + "marabout", + "marabou stork", + "Leptoptilus crumeniferus" + ], + "it": [ + "marabù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large African black-and-white carrion-eating stork; its downy underwing feathers are used to trim garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anastomus", + "genus Anastomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "openbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "openbill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stork with a grooved bill whose upper and lower parts touch only at the base and tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Jabiru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jabirus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jabiru", + "Jabiru mycteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white stork of warm regions of the world especially America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephippiorhynchus", + "genus Ephippiorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saddlebills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddlebill", + "jabiru", + "Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black-and-white stork of tropical Africa; its red bill has a black band around the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenorhyncus", + "genus Xenorhyncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian and Australian storks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policeman bird", + "black-necked stork", + "jabiru", + "Xenorhyncus asiaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mostly white Australian stork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycteria", + "genus Mycteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of storks of the family Ciconiidae now including only the American wood ibis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood ibis", + "wood stork", + "flinthead", + "Mycteria americana" + ], + "it": [ + "tantalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American stork that resembles the true ibises in having a downward-curved bill; inhabits wooded swamps of New World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaenicipitidae", + "family Balaenicipitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoebills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaeniceps", + "genus Balaeniceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Balaenicipitidae: shoebills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoebill", + "shoebird", + "Balaeniceps rex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stork-like bird of the valley of the White Nile with a broad bill suggesting a wooden shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Threskiornithidae", + "family Threskiornithidae", + "family Ibidiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ibises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ibis" + ], + "it": [ + "ibis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wading birds of warm regions having long slender down-curved bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ibis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ibises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood ibis", + "wood stork", + "Ibis ibis" + ], + "it": [ + "tantalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World birds of the genus Ibis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Threskiornis", + "genus Threskiornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Threskiornithidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacred ibis", + "Threskiornis aethiopica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African ibis venerated by ancient Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plataleidae", + "family Plataleidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spoonbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonbill" + ], + "it": [ + "spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wading birds having a long flat bill with a tip like a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platalea", + "genus Platalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Plataleidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common spoonbill", + "Platalea leucorodia" + ], + "it": [ + "Platalea leucorodia", + "spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pure white crested spoonbill of southern Eurasia and northeastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ajaia", + "genus Ajaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Platalea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roseate spoonbill", + "Ajaia ajaja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical rose-colored New World spoonbill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenicopteridae", + "family Phoenicopteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flamingos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamingo" + ], + "it": [ + "fenicottero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pink to scarlet web-footed wading bird with down-bent bill; inhabits brackish lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ardeidae", + "family Ardeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herons; egrets; night herons; bitterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heron" + ], + "it": [ + "airone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey or white wading bird with long neck and long legs and (usually) long bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ardea", + "genus Ardea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ardeidae: large New and Old World herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great blue heron", + "Ardea herodius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American heron having bluish-grey plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great white heron", + "Ardea occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white heron of Florida and the Florida Keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egret" + ], + "it": [ + "egretta", + "garzetta", + "pennino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually white herons having long plumes during breeding season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egretta", + "genus Egretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old and New World herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little blue heron", + "Egretta caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bluish-grey heron of the western hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowy egret", + "snowy heron", + "Egretta thula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small New World egret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little egret", + "Egretta garzetta" + ], + "it": [ + "Egretta garzetta", + "garzetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World egret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casmerodius", + "genus Casmerodius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white egrets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great white heron", + "Casmerodius albus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed Old World white egret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American egret", + "great white heron", + "Egretta albus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common egret of the genus Egretta found in America; it is a variety of the Old World white egret Casmerodius albus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bubulcus", + "genus Bubulcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small white egrets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle egret", + "Bubulcus ibis" + ], + "it": [ + "Bubulcus ibis", + "airone guardabuoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small white egret widely distributed in warm regions often found around grazing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night heron", + "night raven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal or crepuscular herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nycticorax", + "genus Nycticorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World night herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-crowned night heron", + "Nycticorax nycticorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "night heron of both Old and New Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyctanassa", + "genus Nyctanassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American night herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-crowned night heron", + "Nyctanassa violacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American night heron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochlearius", + "genus Cochlearius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boatbills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatbill", + "boat-billed heron", + "broadbill", + "Cochlearius cochlearius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American heron related to night herons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bittern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small compact tawny-brown heron with nocturnal habits and a booming cry; found in marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Botaurus", + "genus Botaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American bittern", + "stake driver", + "Botaurus lentiginosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of bittern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European bittern", + "Botaurus stellaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Botaurus stellaris", + "tarabugio", + "tarabuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of bittern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ixobrychus", + "genus Ixobrychus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least bittern", + "Ixobrychus exilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small American bittern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gruiformes", + "order Gruiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inland marsh-dwelling birds with long legs and necks and bills that wade in water in search of food: cranes; rails; bustards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gruidae", + "family Gruidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crane" + ], + "it": [ + "gru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grus", + "genus Grus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gruidae: typical cranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whooping crane", + "whooper", + "Grus americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare North American crane having black-and-white plumage and a trumpeting call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aramus", + "genus Aramus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large brown long-billed wading birds found in warm swampy regions of the western hemisphere: courlan; limpkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courlan", + "Aramus guarauna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wading bird of South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limpkin", + "Aramus pictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wading bird of Florida, Cuba and Jamaica having a drooping bill and a distinctive wailing call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cariamidae", + "family Cariamidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crane-like South American wading birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cariama", + "genus Cariama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the Cariamidae comprising only the crested cariama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crested cariama", + "seriema", + "Cariama cristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian Cariama; sole representative of the genus Cariama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cariamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chunga", + "seriema", + "Chunga burmeisteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Argentinian Cariama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rallidae", + "family Rallidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rails; crakes; gallinules; coots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous widely distributed small wading birds of the family Rallidae having short wings and very long toes for running on soft mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallirallus", + "genus Gallirallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rails of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weka", + "maori hen", + "wood hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flightless New Zealand rail of thievish disposition having short wings each with a spur used in fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several short-billed Old World rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crex", + "genus Crex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corncrakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corncrake", + "land rail", + "Crex crex" + ], + "it": [ + "Crex crex", + "re di quaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian rail that frequents grain fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porzana", + "genus Porzana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spotted crakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted crake", + "Porzana porzana" + ], + "it": [ + "Porzana porzana", + "voltolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian rail of swamps and marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallinula", + "genus Gallinula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gallinules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallinule", + "marsh hen", + "water hen", + "swamphen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small aquatic birds of the genus Gallinula distinguished from rails by a frontal shield and a resemblance to domestic hens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida gallinule", + "Gallinula chloropus cachinnans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American dark bluish-grey gallinule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moorhen", + "Gallinula chloropus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gallinula chloropus", + "gallinella d'acqua", + "sciabica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black gallinule that inhabits ponds and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple gallinule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gallinules with showy purplish plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porphyrio", + "genus Porphyrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World purple gallinules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European gallinule", + "Porphyrio porphyrio" + ], + "it": [ + "Porphyrio porphyrio", + "pollo sultano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purple gallinule of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porphyrula", + "genus Porphyrula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American purple gallinules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American gallinule", + "Porphyrula martinica" + ], + "it": [ + "Porphyrula martinica", + "pollo sultano della Martinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American purple gallinule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Notornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Rallidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notornis", + "takahe", + "Notornis mantelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flightless New Zealand birds similar to gallinules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulica", + "genus Fulica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coot" + ], + "it": [ + "folaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slate-black slow-flying birds somewhat resembling ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American coot", + "marsh hen", + "mud hen", + "water hen", + "Fulica americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coot found in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World coot", + "Fulica atra" + ], + "it": [ + "Fulica atra", + "folaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coot found in Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otides", + "suborder Otides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial game birds of the Old World and Australia: bustards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otididae", + "family Otididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bustards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bustard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otis", + "genus Otis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Otididae: European bustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great bustard", + "Otis tarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest European land bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Choriotis", + "genus Choriotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian bustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain turkey", + "Choriotis australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular Australian game bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turnicidae", + "family Turnicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World birds resembling but not related to true quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turnix", + "genus Turnix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Turnicidae: button quail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button quail", + "button-quail", + "bustard quail", + "hemipode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small quail-like terrestrial bird of southern Eurasia and northern Africa that lacks a hind toe; classified with wading birds but inhabits grassy plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped button quail", + "Turnix sylvatica" + ], + "it": [ + "Turnix sylvatica", + "quaglia tridattila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of button quail having stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ortygan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several East Indian birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pedionomus", + "genus Pedionomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plain wanderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain wanderer", + "Pedionomus torquatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian bird related to the button quail; classified as wading bird but inhabits plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psophiidae", + "family Psophiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trumpeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psophia", + "genus Psophia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Psophiidae: trumpeters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpeter" + ], + "it": [ + "agami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large gregarious crane-like bird of the forests of South America having glossy black plumage and a loud prolonged cry; easily domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian trumpeter", + "Psophia crepitans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trumpeter of Brazil and Guiana; often kept to protect poultry in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i45999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charadriiformes", + "order Charadriiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large diverse order of aquatic birds found along seacoasts and inland waters: shorebirds and coastal diving birds; most feed on anima life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seabird", + "sea bird", + "seafowl" + ], + "it": [ + "uccello marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird that frequents coastal waters and the open ocean: gulls; pelicans; gannets; cormorants; albatrosses; petrels; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charadrii", + "suborder Charadrii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shorebirds: plovers; sandpipers; avocets; phalaropes; coursers; stone curlews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limicolae", + "suborder Limicolae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term used in some classifications for migratory shorebirds; coextensive with the Charadrii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shorebird", + "shore bird", + "limicoline bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous wading birds that frequent mostly seashores and estuaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charadriidae", + "family Charadriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plover family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plover" + ], + "it": [ + "piviere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charadrius", + "genus Charadrius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Charadriidae: plovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piping plover", + "Charadrius melodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plover of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killdeer", + "kildeer", + "killdeer plover", + "Charadrius vociferus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American plover of inland waters and fields having a distinctive cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dotterel", + "dotrel", + "Charadrius morinellus", + "Eudromias morinellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Charadrius morinellus", + "piviere tortolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare plover of upland areas of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluvialis", + "genus Pluvialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden plovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden plover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plovers of Europe and America having the backs marked with golden-yellow spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanellus", + "genus Vanellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian lapwings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapwing", + "green plover", + "peewit", + "pewit" + ], + "it": [ + "fifa", + "pavoncella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large crested Old World plover having wattles and spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arenaria", + "genus Arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turnstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migratory shorebirds of the plover family that turn over stones in searching for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruddy turnstone", + "Arenaria interpres" + ], + "it": [ + "Arenaria interpres", + "voltapietre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Arctic turnstone that winters in South America and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black turnstone", + "Arenaria-Melanocephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common turnstone of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scolopacidae", + "family Scolopacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandpiper family: sandpipers; woodcocks; snipes; tattlers; curlews; godwits; dowitchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandpiper" + ], + "it": [ + "piro piro", + "piropiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphriza", + "genus Aphriza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfbird", + "Aphriza virgata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandpiper-like shorebird of Pacific coasts of North America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actitis", + "genus Actitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European sandpiper", + "Actitis hypoleucos" + ], + "it": [ + "Actitis hypoleucos", + "piro piro piccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of sandpiper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted sandpiper", + "Actitis macularia" + ], + "it": [ + "Actitis macularia", + "piro piro macchiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American sandpiper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erolia", + "genus Erolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least sandpiper", + "stint", + "Erolia minutilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest American sandpiper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-backed sandpiper", + "dunlin", + "Erolia alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small common sandpiper that breeds in northern or Arctic regions and winters in southern United States or Mediterranean regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tringa", + "genus Tringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenshank", + "Tringa nebularia" + ], + "it": [ + "Tringa nebularia", + "pantana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European sandpiper with greenish legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redshank", + "Tringa totanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tringa totanus", + "pettegola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common Old World wading bird with long red legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowlegs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two North American shorebird with yellow legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater yellowlegs", + "Tringa melanoleuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of yellowlegs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser yellowlegs", + "Tringa flavipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of yellowlegs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calidris", + "genus Calidris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral sandpiper", + "jacksnipe", + "Calidris melanotos" + ], + "it": [ + "Calidris melanotos", + "piro-piro pettorale", + "piro piro pettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American sandpiper that inflates its chest when courting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot", + "greyback", + "grayback", + "Calidris canutus" + ], + "it": [ + "Calidris canutus", + "piovanello maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandpiper that breeds in the Arctic and winters in the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curlew sandpiper", + "Calidris Ferruginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World sandpiper with a curved bill like a curlew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crocethia", + "genus Crocethia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanderling", + "Crocethia alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sandpiper that breeds in the Arctic and migrates southward along sandy coasts in most of world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartramia", + "genus Bartramia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scolopacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upland sandpiper", + "upland plover", + "Bartramian sandpiper", + "Bartramia longicauda" + ], + "it": [ + "Bartramia longicauda", + "piro piro coda lunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large plover-like sandpiper of North American fields and uplands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philomachus", + "genus Philomachus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruff", + "Philomachus pugnax" + ], + "it": [ + "Philomachus pugnax", + "acerina", + "combattente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian sandpiper; the male has an erectile neck ruff in breeding season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female ruff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattler" + ], + "it": [ + "spifferone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several long-legged shorebirds having a loud whistling cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heteroscelus", + "genus Heteroscelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tattlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polynesian tattler", + "Heteroscelus incanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tattler of Pacific coastal regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catoptrophorus", + "genus Catoptrophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willet", + "Catoptrophorus semipalmatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American shorebird of eastern and Gulf Coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcock" + ], + "it": [ + "beccaccia", + "gallinaccia", + "pizzarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game bird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scolopax", + "genus Scolopax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of the Scolopacidae: Old World woodcocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian woodcock", + "Scolopax rusticola" + ], + "it": [ + "Scolopax rusticola", + "beccaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-legged long-billed migratory Old World woodcock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philohela", + "genus Philohela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American woodcocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American woodcock", + "woodcock snipe", + "Philohela minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small long-billed woodcock; prized as a game bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallinago", + "genus Gallinago", + "Capella", + "genus Capella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snipe" + ], + "it": [ + "beccaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old or New World straight-billed game bird of the sandpiper family; of marshy areas; similar to the woodcocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole snipe", + "Gallinago gallinago" + ], + "it": [ + "Gallinago gallinago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common snipe of Eurasia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson's snipe", + "Gallinago gallinago delicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great snipe", + "woodcock snipe", + "Gallinago media" + ], + "it": [ + "Gallinago media", + "croccolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World snipe larger and darker than the whole snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limnocryptes", + "genus Limnocryptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacksnipe", + "half snipe", + "Limnocryptes minima" + ], + "it": [ + "frullino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small short-billed Old World snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limnodromus", + "genus Limnodromus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dowitchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shorebird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greyback", + "grayback", + "Limnodromus griseus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dowitcher with a grey back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-breasted snipe", + "Limnodromus scolopaceus" + ], + "it": [ + "Limnodromus scolopaceus", + "piro piro petto rossiccio", + "piro piro pettorossiccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dowitcher with a red breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numenius", + "genus Numenius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curlews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curlew" + ], + "it": [ + "chiurlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large migratory shorebirds of the sandpiper family; closely related to woodcocks but having a down-curved bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European curlew", + "Numenius arquata" + ], + "it": [ + "Numenius arquata", + "chiurlo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian curlew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eskimo curlew", + "Numenius borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World curlew that breeds in northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limosa", + "genus Limosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "godwits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godwit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large wading bird that resembles a curlew; has a long slightly upturned bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudsonian godwit", + "Limosa haemastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World godwit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himantopus", + "genus Himantopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "major one of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stilt", + "stiltbird", + "longlegs", + "long-legs", + "stilt plover", + "Himantopus stilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged three-toed black-and-white wading bird of inland ponds and marshes or brackish lagoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-necked stilt", + "Himantopus mexicanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stilt of southwestern United States to northern South America having black plumage extending from the head down the back of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-winged stilt", + "Himantopus himantopus" + ], + "it": [ + "Himantopus himantopus", + "cavaliere d'Italia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stilt of Europe and Africa and Asia having mostly white plumage but with black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-headed stilt", + "Himantopus himantopus leucocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stilt of the southwest Pacific including Australia and New Zealand having mostly white plumage but with black wings and nape of neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaki", + "Himantopus novae-zelandiae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish stilt of New Zealand sometimes considered a color phase of the white-headed stilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cladorhyncus", + "genus Cladorhyncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stilt", + "Australian stilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged three-toed wading bird of brackish marshes of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded stilt", + "Cladorhyncus leucocephalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web-footed Australian stilt with reddish-brown pectoral markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Recurvirostridae", + "family Recurvirostridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged shorebirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Recurvirostra", + "genus Recurvirostra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Recurvirostridae: avocets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avocet" + ], + "it": [ + "avocetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged web-footed black-and-white shorebird with slender upward-curving bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haematopodidae", + "family Haematopodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oystercatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haematopus", + "genus Haematopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oystercatchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oystercatcher", + "oyster catcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white shorebird with stout legs and bill; feed on oysters etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalaropidae", + "family Phalaropidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phalaropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalarope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sandpiper-like shorebird having lobate toes and being good swimmers; breed in the Arctic and winter in the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalaropus", + "genus Phalaropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phalaropidae: phalaropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red phalarope", + "Phalaropus fulicarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Phalaropus fulicarius", + "falaropo becco largo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phalarope of northern oceans and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobipes", + "genus Lobipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phalaropidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern phalarope", + "Lobipes lobatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeds in Arctic regions of Old and New Worlds; large flocks often seen far out at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steganopus", + "genus Steganopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phalaropidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson's phalarope", + "Steganopus tricolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeds on the northern great plains of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glareolidae", + "family Glareolidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World shorebirds: pratincoles and coursers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glareola", + "genus Glareola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Glareolidae: the pratincoles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pratincole", + "glareole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World shorebird with long pointed wings and short legs; closely related to the coursers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift-footed terrestrial plover-like bird of southern Asia and Africa; related to the pratincoles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cursorius", + "genus Cursorius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coursers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream-colored courser", + "Cursorius cursor" + ], + "it": [ + "Cursorius cursor", + "corrione biondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courser of desert and semidesert regions of the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluvianus", + "genus Pluvianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coursers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocodile bird", + "Pluvianus aegyptius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African courser that feeds on insect parasites on crocodiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burhinidae", + "family Burhinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large wading birds resembling the plovers: stone curlews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burhinus", + "genus Burhinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Burhinidae: stone curlews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone curlew", + "thick-knee", + "Burhinus oedicnemus" + ], + "it": [ + "Burhinus oedicnemus", + "occhione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-headed large-eyed crepuscular or nocturnal shorebird of the Old World and tropical America having a thickened knee joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastal diving bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gull family; skimmer family; jaeger family; auk family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lari", + "suborder Lari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gulls; terns; jaegers; skimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laridae", + "family Laridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gull family: gulls and terns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-winged web-footed aquatic bird of the gull family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gull", + "seagull", + "sea gull" + ], + "it": [ + "gabbiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly white aquatic bird having long pointed wings and short legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Larus", + "genus Larus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Laridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mew", + "mew gull", + "sea mew", + "Larus canus" + ], + "it": [ + "Larus canus", + "gavina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common gull of Eurasia and northeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-backed gull", + "great black-backed gull", + "cob", + "Larus marinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Larus marinus", + "mugnaiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white gull having a black back and wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herring gull", + "Larus argentatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Larus argentatus", + "gabbiano reale", + "gabbiano reale nordico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large gull of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laughing gull", + "blackcap", + "pewit", + "pewit gull", + "Larus ridibundus" + ], + "it": [ + "Larus ridibundus", + "capinera", + "gabbiano comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black-headed European gull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pagophila", + "genus Pagophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Laridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory gull", + "Pagophila eburnea" + ], + "it": [ + "Pagophila eburnea", + "gabbiano eburneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white Arctic gull; migrates as far south as England and New Brunswick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rissa", + "genus Rissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Laridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kittiwake" + ], + "it": [ + "gabbiano tridattilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pearl-grey gull of northern regions; nests on cliffs and has a rudimentary hind toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterninae", + "subfamily Sterninae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tern" + ], + "it": [ + "sterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender gull having narrow wings and a forked tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterna", + "genus Sterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sterninae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea swallow", + "Sterna hirundo" + ], + "it": [ + "Sterna hirundo", + "sterna comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common tern of Eurasia and America having white black and grey plumage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rynchopidae", + "family Rynchopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Rynchops: skimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rynchops", + "genus Rynchops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rynchopidae: skimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gull-like seabird that flies along the surface of the water with an elongated lower mandible immersed to skim out food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stercorariidae", + "family Stercorariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jaegers and skuas:" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaeger" + ], + "it": [ + "stercorario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapacious seabird that pursues weaker birds to make them drop their prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stercorarius", + "genus Stercorarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Stercorariidae: jaegers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasitic jaeger", + "arctic skua", + "Stercorarius parasiticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Stercorarius parasiticus", + "labbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of jaeger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catharacta", + "genus Catharacta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skuas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skua", + "bonxie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gull-like jaeger of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great skua", + "Catharacta skua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brown skua of the northern Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcidae", + "family Alcidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web-footed diving seabirds of northern seas: auks; puffins; guillemots; murres; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auk" + ], + "it": [ + "alca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white short-necked web-footed diving bird of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auklet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small auks of the northern Pacific coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alca", + "genus Alca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Alcidae comprising solely the razorbill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razorbill", + "razor-billed auk", + "Alca torda" + ], + "it": [ + "Alca torda", + "gazza marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white northern Atlantic auk having a compressed sharp-edged bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plautus", + "genus Plautus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Alcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little auk", + "dovekie", + "Plautus alle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small short-billed auk abundant in Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinguinus", + "genus Pinguinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great auk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great auk", + "Pinguinus impennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flightless auk of rocky islands off northern Atlantic coasts; extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cepphus", + "genus Cepphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of birds including: guillemots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guillemot" + ], + "it": [ + "uria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black or brown speckled auks of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black guillemot", + "Cepphus grylle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Atlantic guillemot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeon guillemot", + "Cepphus columba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Pacific guillemot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uria", + "genus Uria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white diving bird of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common murre", + "Uria aalge" + ], + "it": [ + "Uria aalge", + "uria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most frequent variety of murre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thick-billed murre", + "Uria lomvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of murre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of two genera of northern seabirds having short necks and brightly colored compressed bills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fratercula", + "genus Fratercula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic puffin", + "Fratercula arctica" + ], + "it": [ + "Fratercula arctica", + "pulcinella di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common puffin of the northern Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned puffin", + "Fratercula corniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Pacific puffin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lunda", + "genus Lunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tufted puffin", + "Lunda cirrhata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Pacific puffin having a large yellow plume over each eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaviiformes", + "order Gaviiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large aquatic birds: loons and some extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaviiform seabird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seabirds of the order Gaviiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gavidae", + "family Gavidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loon family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gavia", + "genus Gavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gavidae: loons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loon", + "diver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large somewhat primitive fish-eating diving bird of the northern hemisphere having webbed feet placed far back; related to the grebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podicipitiformes", + "order Podicipitiformes", + "Podicipediformes", + "order Podicipediformes", + "Colymbiformes", + "order Colymbiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podicipitiform seabird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic birds related to the loons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podicipedidae", + "family Podicipedidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Podicipitiformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podiceps", + "genus Podiceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Podicipedidae: grebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grebe" + ], + "it": [ + "suasso", + "svasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great crested grebe", + "Podiceps cristatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Old World grebe with black ear tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-necked grebe", + "Podiceps grisegena" + ], + "it": [ + "Podiceps grisegena", + "svasso collorosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stocky grebe of circumpolar regions having a dark neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-necked grebe", + "eared grebe", + "Podiceps nigricollis" + ], + "it": [ + "Podiceps nigricollis", + "svasso piccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grebe with yellow ear tufts and a black neck; found in Eurasia and southern Africa as well as western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabchick", + "little grebe", + "Podiceps ruficollis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European grebe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podilymbus", + "genus Podilymbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Podicipedidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pied-billed grebe", + "Podilymbus podiceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American grebe having a black-banded whitish bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelecaniformes", + "order Pelecaniformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pelicans; frigate birds; gannets; cormorants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelecaniform seabird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fish-eating seabird with four-toed webbed feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelecanidae", + "family Pelecanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pelicans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelican" + ], + "it": [ + "pellicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelecanus", + "genus Pelecanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pelecanidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white pelican", + "Pelecanus erythrorhynchos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American pelican; white with black wing feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old world white pelican", + "Pelecanus onocrotalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pelecanus onocrotalus", + "pellicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to American white pelican" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fregatidae", + "family Fregatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frigate birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fregata", + "genus Fregata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Fregatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frigate bird", + "man-of-war bird" + ], + "it": [ + "fregata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-billed warm-water seabird with wide wingspan and forked tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sulidae", + "family Sulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gannets and boobies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gannet" + ], + "it": [ + "sula", + "sula bassana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sula", + "genus Sula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solan", + "solan goose", + "solant goose", + "Sula bassana" + ], + "it": [ + "sula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large white gannet with black wing tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booby" + ], + "it": [ + "sula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical gannet having a bright bill or bright feet or both" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalacrocoracidae", + "family Phalacrocoracidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cormorants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phalacrocorax", + "genus Phalacrocorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus: coextensive with the family Phalacrocoracidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cormorant", + "Phalacrocorax carbo" + ], + "it": [ + "Phalacrocorax carbo", + "cormorano", + "marangone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anhingidae", + "family Anhingidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snakebirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anhinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anhingidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakebird", + "anhinga", + "darter" + ], + "it": [ + "aninga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish-eating bird of warm inland waters having a long flexible neck and slender sharp-pointed bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water turkey", + "Anhinga anhinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish New World snakebird of swampy regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaethontidae", + "family Phaethontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropicbirds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaethon", + "genus Phaethon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phaethontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropic bird", + "tropicbird", + "boatswain bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly white web-footed tropical seabird often found far from land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphenisciformes", + "order Sphenisciformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spheniscidae", + "family Spheniscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising all existing penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphenisciform seabird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flightless cold-water seabirds: penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penguin" + ], + "it": [ + "pinguino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-legged flightless birds of cold southern especially Antarctic regions having webbed feet and wings modified as flippers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pygoscelis", + "genus Pygoscelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Spheniscidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adelie", + "Adelie penguin", + "Pygoscelis adeliae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized penguins occurring in large colonies on the Adelie Coast of Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aptenodytes", + "genus Aptenodytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king penguin", + "Aptenodytes patagonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large penguin on islands bordering the Antarctic Circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emperor penguin", + "Aptenodytes forsteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest penguin; an Antarctic penguin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spheniscus", + "genus Spheniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Spheniscidae: jackass penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackass penguin", + "Spheniscus demersus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small penguin of South America and southern Africa with a braying call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eudyptes", + "genus Eudyptes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock hoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock hopper", + "crested penguin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small penguin of the Falkland Islands and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procellariiformes", + "order Procellariiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "petrels; albatrosses; shearwaters; diving petrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelagic bird", + "oceanic bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bird of the open seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procellariiform seabird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-winged bird with hooked bill and tubular nostrils that wanders the open seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diomedeidae", + "family Diomedeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "albatrosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albatross", + "mollymawk" + ], + "it": [ + "albatro", + "albatros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large web-footed birds of the southern hemisphere having long narrow wings; noted for powerful gliding flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Diomedea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of the Diomedeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wandering albatross", + "Diomedea exulans" + ], + "it": [ + "Diomedea exulans", + "albatro urlatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large albatross; white with wide black wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-footed albatross", + "gooney", + "gooney bird", + "goonie", + "goony", + "Diomedea nigripes" + ], + "it": [ + "Diomedea nigripes", + "albatro piedi neri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of albatross with black feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procellariidae", + "family Procellariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "petrels; fulmars; shearwaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small long-winged tube-nosed bird that flies far from land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procellaria", + "genus Procellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Procellariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-chinned petrel", + "Procellaria aequinoctialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black petrel of southern seas having a white mark on the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macronectes", + "genus Macronectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant petrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant petrel", + "giant fulmar", + "Macronectes giganteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brownish petrel chiefly of Antarctic seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulmarus", + "genus Fulmarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fulmars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulmar", + "fulmar petrel", + "Fulmarus glacialis" + ], + "it": [ + "Fulmarus glacialis", + "fulmaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy short-tailed oceanic bird of polar regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puffinus", + "genus Puffinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shearwaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shearwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-winged oceanic bird that in flight skims close to the waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manx shearwater", + "Puffinus puffinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black-and-white shearwater common in the northeastern Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrobatidae", + "family Hydrobatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "storm petrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm petrel" + ], + "it": [ + "procellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small petrels having dark plumage with paler underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrobates", + "genus Hydrobates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hydrobatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stormy petrel", + "northern storm petrel", + "Hydrobates pelagicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hydrobates pelagicus", + "uccello delle tempeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sooty black petrel with white markings; of the northern Atlantic and Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oceanites", + "genus Oceanites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hydrobatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mother Carey's chicken", + "Mother Carey's hen", + "Oceanites oceanicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Oceanites oceanicus", + "uccello delle tempeste di Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized storm petrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelecanoididae", + "family Pelecanoididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diving petrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving petrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small diving birds of southern hemisphere seas; somewhat resemble auks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whales and dolphins; manatees and dugongs; walruses; seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetacea", + "order Cetacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of Eutheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cetacean", + "cetacean mammal", + "blower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large aquatic carnivorous mammal with fin-like forelimbs no hind limbs, including: whales; dolphins; porpoises; narwhals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale" + ], + "it": [ + "balena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the larger cetacean mammals having a streamlined body and breathing through a blowhole on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysticeti", + "suborder Mysticeti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baleen whales: right whales; rorquals; blue whales; humpbacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baleen whale", + "whalebone whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whale with plates of whalebone along the upper jaw for filtering plankton from the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaenidae", + "family Balaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Arctic whalebone whale; allegedly the `right' whale to hunt because of its valuable whalebone and oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaena", + "genus Balaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Balaenidae: Greenland whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowhead", + "bowhead whale", + "Greenland whale", + "Balaena mysticetus" + ], + "it": [ + "Balaena mysticetus", + "balena della Groenlandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-mouthed Arctic whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaenopteridae", + "family Balaenopteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rorquals; blue whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rorqual", + "razorback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several baleen whales of the family Balaenopteridae having longitudinal grooves on the throat and a small pointed dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaenoptera", + "genus Balaenoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Balaenopteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue whale", + "sulfur bottom", + "Balaenoptera musculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Balaenoptera musculus", + "balenottera azzurra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest mammal ever known; bluish-grey migratory whalebone whale mostly of southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finback", + "finback whale", + "fin whale", + "common rorqual", + "Balaenoptera physalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Balaenoptera physalus", + "balenottera comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flat-headed whalebone whale having deep furrows along the throat; of Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sei whale", + "Balaenoptera borealis" + ], + "it": [ + "Balaenoptera borealis", + "balenottera boreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than the finback whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser rorqual", + "piked whale", + "minke whale", + "Balaenoptera acutorostrata" + ], + "it": [ + "Balaenoptera acutorostrata", + "balenottera-minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small finback of coastal waters of Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megaptera", + "genus Megaptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "humpback whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humpback", + "humpback whale", + "Megaptera novaeangliae" + ], + "it": [ + "Megaptera novaeangliae", + "megattera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large whalebone whale with long flippers noted for arching or humping its back as it dives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eschrichtiidae", + "family Eschrichtiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising only the grey whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eschrichtius", + "genus Eschrichtius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Eschrichtiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey whale", + "gray whale", + "devilfish", + "Eschrichtius gibbosus", + "Eschrichtius robustus" + ], + "it": [ + "Eschrichtius gibbosus", + "balena-grigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized greyish-black whale of the northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odontoceti", + "suborder Odontoceti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toothed whales: dolphins; porpoises; sperm whales; beaked whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothed whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several whales having simple conical teeth and feeding on fish etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physeteridae", + "family Physeteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sperm whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physeter", + "genus Physeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Physeteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm whale", + "cachalot", + "black whale", + "Physeter catodon" + ], + "it": [ + "Physeter catodon", + "Physeter macrophalus", + "capidoglio", + "capodoglio", + "fisetere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large whale with a large cavity in the head containing spermaceti and oil; also a source of ambergris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kogia", + "genus Kogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pygmy sperm whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy sperm whale", + "Kogia breviceps" + ], + "it": [ + "Kogia breviceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sperm whale of warm waters of both coasts of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf sperm whale", + "Kogia simus" + ], + "it": [ + "Kogia simus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small (to 8 feet) sperm whale of central coasts of Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ziphiidae", + "family Ziphiidae", + "Hyperodontidae", + "family Hyperodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beaked whales; in some especially former classifications included in the family Physeteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaked whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several whales inhabiting all oceans and having beaklike jaws with vestigial teeth in the upper jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyperoodon", + "genus Hyperoodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottle-nosed whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle-nosed whale", + "bottlenose whale", + "bottlenose", + "Hyperoodon ampullatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyperoodon ampullatus", + "tursiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Atlantic beaked whale with a bulbous forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delphinidae", + "family Delphinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dolphins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphin" + ], + "it": [ + "delfino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small toothed whales with a beaklike snout; larger than porpoises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delphinus", + "genus Delphinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Delphinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common dolphin", + "Delphinus delphis" + ], + "it": [ + "Delphinus delphis", + "delfino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white dolphin that leaps high out of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tursiops", + "genus Tursiops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Delphinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottlenose dolphin", + "bottle-nosed dolphin", + "bottlenose" + ], + "it": [ + "tursiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several dolphins with rounded forehead and well-developed beak; chiefly of northern Atlantic and Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic bottlenose dolphin", + "Tursiops truncatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tursiops truncatus", + "tursiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common dolphin of northern Atlantic and Mediterranean; often kept captive and trained to perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific bottlenose dolphin", + "Tursiops gilli" + ], + "it": [ + "Tursiops gilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottlenose dolphin found in the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phocoena", + "genus Phocoena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porpoises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porpoise" + ], + "it": [ + "focena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small gregarious cetacean mammals having a blunt snout and many teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor porpoise", + "herring hog", + "Phocoena phocoena" + ], + "it": [ + "Phocaena phocaena", + "focena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common porpoise of the northern Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaquita", + "Phocoena sinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short porpoise that lives in the Gulf of California; an endangered species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Grampus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grampus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grampus", + "Grampus griseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Grampus griseus", + "grampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slaty-grey blunt-nosed dolphin common in northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orcinus", + "genus Orcinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "killer whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killer whale", + "killer", + "orca", + "grampus", + "sea wolf", + "Orcinus orca" + ], + "it": [ + "Orcinus orca", + "orca", + "urca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Globicephala", + "genus Globicephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pilot whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot whale", + "black whale", + "common blackfish", + "blackfish", + "Globicephala melaena" + ], + "it": [ + "Globicephala melaena", + "globicefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dark-colored whale of the Atlantic coast of the United States; the largest male acts as pilot or leader for the school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platanistidae", + "family Platanistidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river dolphins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river dolphin" + ], + "it": [ + "delfino di fiume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several long-snouted usually freshwater dolphins of South America and southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monodontidae", + "family Monodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narwhals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monodon", + "genus Monodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Monodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narwhal", + "narwal", + "narwhale", + "Monodon monoceros" + ], + "it": [ + "Monodon monoceros", + "monodonte", + "narvalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Arctic whale the male having a long spiral ivory tusk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delphinapterus", + "genus Delphinapterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white whale", + "beluga", + "Delphinapterus leucas" + ], + "it": [ + "Delphinapterus leucas", + "delfino bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small northern whale that is white when adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spouter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spouting whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sirenia", + "order Sirenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal order including: manatees; dugongs; Steller's sea cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea cow", + "sirenian mammal", + "sirenian" + ], + "it": [ + "sirene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of two families of large herbivorous aquatic mammals with paddle-shaped tails and flipper-like forelimbs and no hind limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichechidae", + "family Trichechidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising only the manatees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichechus", + "genus Trichecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Trichechidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manatee", + "Trichechus manatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Trichechus manatus", + "lamantino", + "manato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sirenian mammal of tropical coastal waters of America; the flat tail is rounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dugongidae", + "family Dugongidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of mammals of order Sirenia including dugongs and Steller's sea cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dugong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dugongidae comprising only the dugongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dugong", + "Dugong dugon" + ], + "it": [ + "dugongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sirenian tusked mammal found from eastern Africa to Australia; the flat tail is bilobate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrodamalis", + "genus Hydrodamalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the family Dugongidae comprising only Steller's sea cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steller's sea cow", + "Hydrodamalis gigas" + ], + "it": [ + "Hydrodamalis gigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct large sirenian mammal formerly found near the Asiatic coast of the Bering Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnivora", + "order Carnivora" + ], + "it": [ + "Carnivori", + "ordine dei Carnivori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cats; lions; tigers; panthers; dogs; wolves; jackals; bears; raccoons; skunks; and members of the suborder Pinnipedia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnivore" + ], + "it": [ + "carnivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero terrestre o acquatico che si nutre prevalentemente di carne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnivore" + ], + "it": [ + "onnivoro", + "omnivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that feeds on both animal and vegetable substances" + ], + "it": [ + "animale che si nutre di alimenti di origine vegetale e animale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinnipedia", + "suborder Pinnipedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seals; sea lions; walruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinniped mammal", + "pinniped", + "pinnatiped" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic carnivorous mammal having a streamlined body specialized for swimming with limbs modified as flippers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ], + "it": [ + "foca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous marine mammals that come on shore to breed; chiefly of cold regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crabeater seal", + "crab-eating seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery grey Antarctic seal subsisting on crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otariidae", + "family Otariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eared seals: sea lions and fur seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eared seal" + ], + "it": [ + "otaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinniped mammal having external ear flaps and hind limbs used for locomotion on land; valued for its soft underfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctocephalus", + "genus Arctocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fur seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eared seal of the southern hemisphere; the thick soft underfur is the source of sealskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guadalupe fur seal", + "Arctocephalus philippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fur seal of the Pacific coast of California and southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callorhinus", + "genus Callorhinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fur seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eared seal of the northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska fur seal", + "Callorhinus ursinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Callorhinus ursinus", + "callorino", + "foca orsina", + "otaria orsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Pacific coast from Alaska southward to California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lion" + ], + "it": [ + "otaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large eared seals of the northern Pacific related to fur seals but lacking their valuable coat" + ], + "it": [ + "varie specie di foche dalle grandi orecchie del Pacifico del nord imparentate con le foche da pelliccia ma senza la loro preziosa pelliccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otaria", + "genus Otaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Otariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American sea lion", + "Otaria Byronia" + ], + "it": [ + "Otaria Byronia", + "leone marino", + "otaria dalla criniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of the southern coast of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zalophus", + "genus Zalophus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea lions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California sea lion", + "Zalophus californianus", + "Zalophus californicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Leone marino della California", + "Otaria delle Galàpagos", + "Zalophus californianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often trained as a show animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian sea lion", + "Zalophus lobatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of sea lion found in Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumetopias", + "genus Eumetopias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea lions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steller sea lion", + "Steller's sea lion", + "Eumetopias jubatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Eumetopias jubatus", + "leone marino di Steller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest sea lion; of the northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phocidae", + "family Phocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earless seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earless seal", + "true seal", + "hair seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several seals lacking external ear flaps and having a stiff hairlike coat with hind limbs reduced to swimming flippers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoca", + "genus Phoca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phocidae: earless seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor seal", + "common seal", + "Phoca vitulina" + ], + "it": [ + "Phoca vitulina", + "foca", + "foca vitulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spotted seal of coastal waters of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pagophilus", + "genus Pagophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harp seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harp seal", + "Pagophilus groenlandicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pagophilus groenlandicus", + "foca della Groenlandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Arctic seal; the young are all white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mirounga", + "genus Mirounga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elephant seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant seal", + "sea elephant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two large northern Atlantic earless seals having snouts like trunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erignathus", + "genus Erignathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bearded seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearded seal", + "squareflipper square flipper", + "Erignathus barbatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Erignathus barbatus", + "foca barbata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized greyish to yellow seal with bristles each side of muzzle; of the Arctic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cystophora", + "genus Cystophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hooded seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooded seal", + "bladdernose", + "Cystophora cristata" + ], + "it": [ + "Cystophora cristata", + "foca dal cappucio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized blackish-grey seal with large inflatable sac on the head; of Arctic and northern Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odobenidae", + "family Odobenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walruses and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odobenus", + "genus Odobenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Odobenidae: walruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walrus", + "seahorse", + "sea horse" + ], + "it": [ + "tricheco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic walrus", + "Odobenus rosmarus" + ], + "it": [ + "Odobenus rosmarus", + "tricheco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walrus of northern Atlantic and Arctic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific walrus", + "Odobenus divergens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walrus of the Bering Sea and northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fissipedia" + ], + "it": [ + "Fissipedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a suborder of Carnivora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissiped mammal", + "fissiped" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial carnivores; having toes separated to the base: dogs; cats; bears; badgers; raccoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tubulidentata", + "order Tubulidentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of Eutheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orycteropodidae", + "family Orycteropodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aardvarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orycteropus", + "genus Orycteropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Orycteropodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aardvark", + "ant bear", + "anteater", + "Orycteropus afer" + ], + "it": [ + "Orycteropus afer", + "oritteropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal burrowing mammal of the grasslands of Africa that feeds on termites; sole extant representative of the order Tubulidentata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canidae", + "family Canidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dogs; wolves; jackals; foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canine", + "canid" + ], + "it": [ + "canide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fissiped mammals with nonretractile claws and typically long muzzles" + ], + "it": [ + "carnivoro caratterizzato da muso allungato, con occhi piuttosto frontali, orecchie erette e coda folta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitch" + ], + "it": [ + "cagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female of any member of the dog family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood bitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitch used for breeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canis", + "genus Canis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Canidae: domestic and wild dogs; wolves; jackals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog", + "domestic dog", + "Canis familiaris" + ], + "it": [ + "cane", + "Canis familiaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero domestico dei canidi, molto comune, diffuso in tutto il mondo, con attitudini varie a seconda della razza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pooch", + "doggie", + "doggy", + "barker", + "bow-wow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cur", + "mongrel", + "mutt" + ], + "it": [ + "bastardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior dog or one of mixed breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feist", + "fice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nervous belligerent little mongrel dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pariah dog", + "pye-dog", + "pie-dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ownerless half-wild mongrel dog common around Asian villages especially India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapdog" + ], + "it": [ + "cagnolino", + "cagnolino da salotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog small and tame enough to be held in the lap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy dog", + "toy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of very small dogs kept purely as pets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chihuahua" + ], + "it": [ + "chihuahua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old breed of tiny short-haired dog with protruding eyes from Mexico held to antedate Aztec civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of toy dogs originating in Japan having a silky black-and-white or red-and-white coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese dog", + "Maltese terrier", + "Maltese" + ], + "it": [ + "maltese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of toy dogs having a long straight silky white coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pekinese", + "Pekingese", + "Peke" + ], + "it": [ + "pechinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese breed of small short-legged dogs with a long silky coat and broad flat muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shih-Tzu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese breed of small dog similar to a Pekingese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small spaniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English toy spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British breed having a long silky coat and rounded head with a short upturned muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blenheim spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red-and-white variety of English toy spaniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King Charles spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy English spaniel with a black-and-tan coat; named after Charles II who popularized it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender toy spaniel with erect ears and a black-spotted brown to white coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small active dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog used in hunting game" + ], + "it": [ + "un cane usato per la caccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained for coursing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodesian ridgeback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful short-haired African hunting dog having a crest of reversed hair along the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hound", + "hound dog" + ], + "it": [ + "bracco", + "segugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afghan hound", + "Afghan" + ], + "it": [ + "levriero afgano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall graceful breed of hound with a long silky coat; native to the Near East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basset", + "basset hound" + ], + "it": [ + "basset hound", + "bassethound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth-haired breed of hound with short legs and long ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beagle" + ], + "it": [ + "beagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small short-legged smooth-coated breed of hound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodhound", + "sleuthhound" + ], + "it": [ + "bracco", + "limiere", + "segugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of large powerful hound of European origin having very acute smell and used in tracking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluetick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very fast American hound; white mottled with bluish grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hound used in hunting wild boars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coonhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of hound developed for hunting raccoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coondog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dog trained to hunt raccoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-and-tan coonhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American breed of large powerful hound dogs used for hunting raccoons and other game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dachshund", + "dachsie", + "badger dog" + ], + "it": [ + "bassotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small long-bodied short-legged German breed of dog having a short sleek coat and long drooping ears; suited for following game into burrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage dog", + "sausage hound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized glossy-coated hounds developed for hunting foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American foxhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American breed of foxhounds used for hunting both in packs and individually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walker hound", + "Walker foxhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American breed of foxhound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English foxhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed slightly larger than the American foxhounds originally used to hunt in packs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hound that resembles a foxhound but is smaller; used to hunt rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plott hound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brindle-coated American hound used in hunting bears and wild boars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speedy red or red-and-tan American hound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolfhound" + ], + "it": [ + "cane lupo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest breed of dogs; formerly used to hunt wolves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borzoi", + "Russian wolfhound" + ], + "it": [ + "borzoi", + "levriero russo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall fast-moving dog breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish wolfhound" + ], + "it": [ + "levriero irlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large breed of hound with a rough thick coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greyhound" + ], + "it": [ + "levriere", + "levriero", + "veltro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall slender dog of an ancient breed noted for swiftness and keen sight; used as a racing dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian greyhound" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo levriero italiano", + "levriero italiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy dog developed from the greyhound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whippet" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo levriero inglese", + "whippet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender dog of greyhound type developed in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ibizan hound", + "Ibizan Podenco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of slender agile medium-sized hound found chiefly in the Balearic Islands; said to have been bred originally by the Pharaohs of ancient Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian elkhound", + "elkhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of compact medium-sized dog with a heavy grey coat developed in Norway for hunting elk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otterhound", + "otter hound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy British hound having long pendulous ears and a thick coarse shaggy coat with an oily undercoat; bred for hunting otters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saluki", + "gazelle hound" + ], + "it": [ + "levriero persiano", + "saluki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old breed of tall swift keen-eyed hunting dogs resembling greyhounds; from Egypt and southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scottish deerhound", + "deerhound" + ], + "it": [ + "levriero inglese a pelo ruvido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large and tall rough-coated dog bred for hunting deer; known as the royal dog of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staghound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large heavy hound formerly used in hunting stags and other large game; similar to but larger than a foxhound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weimaraner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large breed of hound having a smooth greyish coat; originated in Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrier" + ], + "it": [ + "terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several usually small short-bodied breeds originally trained to hunt animals living underground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullterrier", + "bull terrier" + ], + "it": [ + "bull terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful short-haired terrier originated in England by crossing the bulldog with terriers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staffordshire bullterrier", + "Staffordshire bull terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of strong stocky dog having a broad skull and smooth coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Staffordshire terrier", + "Staffordshire terrier", + "American pit bull terrier", + "pit bull terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American breed of muscular terriers with a short close-lying stiff coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bedlington terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light terrier groomed to resemble a lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Border terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rough-coated terrier of British origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kerry blue terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Irish breed of medium-sized terriers with a silky blue-grey coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized breed with a wiry brown coat; developed in Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norfolk terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of small terrier with a straight wiry grizzled coat and dropped ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwich terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of small short-legged terrier with a straight wiry red or grey or black-and-tan coat and erect ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yorkshire terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small breed having a long glossy coat of bluish-grey and tan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat terrier", + "ratter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of terrier developed to catch rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchester terrier", + "black-and-tan terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of short-haired rat terrier with a black-and-tan coat that was developed in Manchester, England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy Manchester", + "toy Manchester terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of small Manchester terrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox terrier" + ], + "it": [ + "fox-terrier", + "fox terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small lively black-and-white terriers formerly used to dig out foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth-haired fox terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fox terrier with smooth hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire-haired fox terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fox terrier with wiry hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wirehair", + "wirehaired terrier", + "wire-haired terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrier with wiry hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lakeland terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of wire-haired terrier originally from the Lake District of England and used for hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wire-haired terrier resembling Airedales but smaller; developed in Wales for hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sealyham terrier", + "Sealyham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wire-haired terrier with short legs that was first bred in Sealyham" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Airedale", + "Airedale terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of large wiry-coated terrier bred in Yorkshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cairn", + "cairn terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rough-haired breed of terrier from Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small greyish wire-haired breed of terrier from Australia similar to the cairn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dandie Dinmont", + "Dandie Dinmont terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of small terrier with long wiry coat and drooping ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston bull", + "Boston terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pug-faced American terrier breed having a smooth brindle or black coat with white markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnauzer" + ], + "it": [ + "schnauzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old German breed of sturdy black or greyish wire-haired terriers having a blunt muzzle ranging in size from fairly small to very large; used as ratters and guard dogs or police dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature schnauzer" + ], + "it": [ + "schnauzer nano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small schnauzer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant schnauzer" + ], + "it": [ + "schnauzer gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large schnauzer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard schnauzer" + ], + "it": [ + "schnauzer medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium-sized schnauzer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch terrier", + "Scottish terrier", + "Scottie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old Scottish breed of small long-haired usually black terrier with erect tail and ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibetan terrier", + "chrysanthemum dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of medium-sized terriers bred in Tibet resembling Old English sheepdogs with fluffy curled tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky terrier", + "Sydney silky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian breed of toy dogs having a silky blue coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skye terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish breed of terrier with shaggy hair and long low body with short legs; native to the Isle of Skye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clydesdale terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selectively bred small Skye terrier with erect ears and a long silky coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-coated wheaten terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish breed of medium-sized terrier with an abundant coat any shade of wheat and very hairy head and muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Highland white terrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small white long-coated terrier developed in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lhasa", + "Lhasa apso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of terrier having a long heavy coat raised in Tibet as watchdogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporting dog", + "gun dog" + ], + "it": [ + "bracco", + "cane da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained to work with sportsmen when they hunt with guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun dog trained to locate or retrieve birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog accustomed to water and usually trained to retrieve waterfowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retriever" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da riporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog with heavy water-resistant coat that can be trained to retrieve game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat-coated retriever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed having a shiny black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curly-coated retriever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed having a tightly curled black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden retriever" + ], + "it": [ + "golden retriever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed having a long silky golden coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrador retriever" + ], + "it": [ + "labrador", + "labrador retriever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed originally from Labrador having a short black or golden-brown coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chesapeake Bay retriever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American breed having a short thick oily coat ranging from brown to light tan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointer", + "Spanish pointer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong slender smooth-haired dog of Spanish origin having a white coat with brown or black patches; scents out and points to game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German short-haired pointer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver or liver-and-white hunting dog developed in Germany; 3/4 pointer and 1/4 bloodhound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setter" + ], + "it": [ + "setter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-haired dog formerly trained to crouch on finding game but now to point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vizsla", + "Hungarian pointer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian hunting dog resembling the Weimaraner but having a rich deep red coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English setter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed having a plumed tail and a soft silky coat that is chiefly white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish setter", + "red setter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Irish breed with a chestnut-brown or mahogany-red coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gordon setter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scottish breed with a black-and-tan coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaniel" + ], + "it": [ + "epagneul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brittany spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall active short-tailed French breed of bird dog having a usually smooth orange- or liver-and-white coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clumber", + "clumber spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thickset spaniel with longish silky hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large usually black hunting and retrieving spaniel with a dense flat or slightly wavy coat; cross between cocker and Sussex spaniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springer spaniel", + "springer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large spaniel with wavy silky coat usually black or liver and white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English springer", + "English springer spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed having typically a black-and-white coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh springer spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-and-white breed slightly smaller than the English springer spaniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocker spaniel", + "English cocker spaniel", + "cocker" + ], + "it": [ + "cocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small breed with wavy silky hair; originally developed in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sussex spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English breed with short legs and a golden liver-colored coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dog of two large curly-coated breeds used for hunting waterfowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American water spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of medium-sized spaniels originating in America having chocolate or liver-colored curly coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish water spaniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of large spaniels developed in Ireland having a heavy coat of liver-colored curls and a topknot of long curls and a nearly hairless tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griffon", + "wire-haired pointing griffon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of medium-sized long-headed dogs with downy undercoat and harsh wiry outer coat; originated in Holland but largely developed in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of usually large powerful dogs bred to work as draft animals and guard and guide dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchdog", + "guard dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained to guard property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kuvasz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-established Hungarian breed of tall light-footed but sturdy white dog; used also as a hunting dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watchdog trained to attack on command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housedog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained to guard a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schipperke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of small stocky black dogs originally used as watchdogs on boats in the Netherlands and Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd dog", + "sheepdog", + "sheep dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da pastore", + "cane pastore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually long-haired breeds of dog reared to herd and guard sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian sheepdog", + "Belgian shepherd" + ], + "it": [ + "pastore belga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy working dog developed in Belgium for herding sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groenendael" + ], + "it": [ + "pastore belga Groenendael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-coated sheepdog with a heavily plumed tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malinois" + ], + "it": [ + "pastore belga di Malines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fawn-colored short-haired sheepdog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old French breed of large strong usually black dogs having a long tail and long wavy and slightly stiff coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kelpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian sheepdog with pointed ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "komondor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian breed of large powerful shaggy-coated white dog; used also as guard dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old English sheepdog", + "bobtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sheepdog with a profuse shaggy bluish-grey-and-white coat and short tail; believed to trace back to the Roman occupation of Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shetland sheepdog", + "Shetland sheep dog", + "Shetland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sheepdog resembling a collie that was developed in the Shetland Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collie" + ], + "it": [ + "collie", + "pastore scozzese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silky-coated sheepdog with a long ruff and long narrow head developed in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Border collie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "developed in the area between Scotland and England usually having a black coat with white on the head and tip of tail used for herding both sheep and cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bouvier des Flandres", + "Bouviers des Flandres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough-coated breed used originally in Belgium for herding and guarding cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rottweiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German breed of large vigorous short-haired cattle dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German shepherd", + "German shepherd dog", + "German police dog", + "alsatian" + ], + "it": [ + "alsaziano", + "cane lupo", + "pastore tedesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of large shepherd dogs used in police work and as a guide for the blind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane poliziotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dog trained to assist police especially in tracking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinscher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three breeds of dogs whose ears and tail are usually cropped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doberman", + "Doberman pinscher" + ], + "it": [ + "doberman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium large breed of dog of German origin with a glossy black and tan coat; used as a watchdog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature pinscher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small German version of a Doberman pinscher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sennenhunde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of four Swiss breeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greater Swiss Mountain dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the four Swiss breeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernese mountain dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large powerful long-haired black-coated Swiss dog with deep tan or russet markings on legs and white blaze and feet and chest marking; formerly used for draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appenzeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smaller of the four Swiss breeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "EntleBucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest of the Sennenhunde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxer" + ], + "it": [ + "boxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of stocky medium-sized short-haired dog with a brindled coat and square-jawed muzzle developed in Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastiff" + ], + "it": [ + "mastino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old breed of powerful deep-chested smooth-coated dog used chiefly as a watchdog and guard dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull mastiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large powerful breed developed by crossing the bulldog and the mastiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibetan mastiff" + ], + "it": [ + "mastino del Tibet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large powerful rough-coated dog native to central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog", + "English bulldog" + ], + "it": [ + "bulldog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy thickset short-haired breed with a large head and strong undershot lower jaw; developed originally in England for bull baiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French bulldog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small stocky version of the bulldog having a sleek coat and square head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Dane" + ], + "it": [ + "alano", + "danese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large powerful smooth-coated breed of dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane per ciechi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained to guide the blind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seeing Eye dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a guide dog trained to guide a blind person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dog trained to assist the deaf by signaling the occurrence of certain sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Bernard", + "St Bernard" + ], + "it": [ + "San Bernardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Swiss alpine breed of large powerful dog with a thick coat of hair used as a rescue dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seizure-alert dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog that can alert or assist people with seizure disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sled dog", + "sledge dog" + ], + "it": [ + "cane da slitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dog trained to draw a sled usually in a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eskimo dog", + "husky" + ], + "it": [ + "husky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of heavy-coated Arctic sled dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malamute", + "malemute", + "Alaskan malamute" + ], + "it": [ + "alaskan malamut", + "malamut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of sled dog developed in Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian husky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of sled dog developed in northeastern Siberia; they resemble the larger Alaskan malamutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dalmatian", + "coach dog", + "carriage dog" + ], + "it": [ + "dalmata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large breed having a smooth white coat with black or brown spots; originated in Dalmatia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver-spotted dalmatian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown-spotted dalmatian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affenpinscher", + "monkey pinscher", + "monkey dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European breed of small dog resembling a terrier with dark wiry hair and a tufted muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basenji" + ], + "it": [ + "basenji", + "cane del Congo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small smooth-haired breed of African origin having a tightly curled tail and the inability to bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pug", + "pug-dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small compact smooth-coated breed of Asiatic origin having a tightly curled tail and broad flat wrinkled muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dog (usually with a golden coat) produced by crossing a St Bernard and a Newfoundland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newfoundland", + "Newfoundland dog" + ], + "it": [ + "Terranova", + "terranova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Pyrenees" + ], + "it": [ + "mastino dei Pirenei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bred of large heavy-coated white dogs resembling the Newfoundland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various stocky heavy-coated breeds of dogs native to northern regions having pointed muzzles and erect ears with a curled furry tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoyed", + "Samoyede" + ], + "it": [ + "samoiedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Siberian breed of white or cream-colored dog of the spitz family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomeranian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of very small compact long-haired dogs of the spitz type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chow", + "chow chow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of medium-sized dogs with a thick coat and fluffy curled tails and distinctive blue-black tongues; believed to have originated in northern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keeshond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spitz-like dog having a shaggy greyish coat and tightly curled tail originating in Holland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griffon", + "Brussels griffon", + "Belgian griffon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of various very small compact wiry-coated dogs of Belgian origin having a short bearded muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brabancon griffon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of Brussels griffon having a short smooth coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corgi", + "Welsh corgi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two Welsh breeds of long-bodied short-legged dogs with erect ears and a fox-like head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pembroke", + "Pembroke Welsh corgi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smaller and straight-legged variety of corgi having pointed ears and a short tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardigan", + "Cardigan Welsh corgi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly bowlegged variety of corgi having rounded ears and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poodle", + "poodle dog" + ], + "it": [ + "barbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligent dog with a heavy curly solid-colored coat that is usually clipped; an old breed sometimes trained as sporting dogs or as performing dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy poodle" + ], + "it": [ + "barboncino nano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the breed of very small poodles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature poodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of small poodles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard poodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed or medium-sized poodles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large poodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest breed of poodle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican hairless" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of an old breed of small nearly hairless dogs of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf" + ], + "it": [ + "lupo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero carnivoro predatore del Nord America e dell'Eurasia che caccia in branco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber wolf", + "grey wolf", + "gray wolf", + "Canis lupus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wolf with a brindled grey coat living in forested northern regions of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white wolf", + "Arctic wolf", + "Canis lupus tundrarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wolf of Arctic North America having white fur and a black-tipped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red wolf", + "maned wolf", + "Canis rufus", + "Canis niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-grey wolf of southwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyote", + "prairie wolf", + "brush wolf", + "Canis latrans" + ], + "it": [ + "Canis latrans", + "coiote", + "coyote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wolf native to western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coydog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offspring of a coyote and a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackal", + "Canis aureus" + ], + "it": [ + "Canis aureus", + "sciacallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World nocturnal canine mammal closely related to the dog; smaller than a wolf; sometimes hunts in a pack but usually singly or as a member of a pair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various undomesticated mammals of the family Canidae that are thought to resemble domestic dogs as distinguished from jackals or wolves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dingo", + "warrigal", + "warragal", + "Canis dingo" + ], + "it": [ + "Canis dingo", + "dingo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wolflike yellowish-brown wild dog of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuon", + "Cyon", + "genus Cuon", + "genus Cyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic wild dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhole", + "Cuon alpinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cuon alpinus", + "cane selvatico asiatico", + "cuon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fierce wild dog of the forests of central and southeast Asia that hunts in packs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dusicyon", + "genus Dusicyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crab-eating dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab-eating dog", + "crab-eating fox", + "Dusicyon cancrivorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild dog of northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyctereutes", + "genus Nyctereutes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raccoon dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raccoon dog", + "Nyctereutes procyonides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wild dog of eastern Asia having facial markings like those of a raccoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycaeon", + "genus Lycaeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African hunting dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African hunting dog", + "hyena dog", + "Cape hunting dog", + "Lycaon pictus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lycaon pictus", + "cane selvatico africano", + "licaone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful doglike mammal of southern and eastern Africa that hunts in large packs; now rare in settled area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyaenidae", + "family Hyaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyenas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyena", + "hyaena" + ], + "it": [ + "iena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doglike nocturnal mammal of Africa and southern Asia that feeds chiefly on carrion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hyaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hyaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped hyena", + "Hyaena hyaena" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyaena hyaena", + "iena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern Africa and Arabia and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown hyena", + "strand wolf", + "Hyaena brunnea" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyaena brunnea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crocuta", + "genus Crocuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hyaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted hyena", + "laughing hyena", + "Crocuta crocuta" + ], + "it": [ + "Crocuta crocuta", + "iena maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African hyena noted for its distinctive howl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteles", + "genus Proteles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aardwolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aardwolf", + "Proteles cristata" + ], + "it": [ + "protele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "striped hyena of southeast Africa that feeds chiefly on insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox" + ], + "it": [ + "volpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vixen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reynard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional name for a fox used in tales following usage in the old epic `Reynard the Fox'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vulpes", + "genus Vulpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red fox", + "Vulpes vulpes" + ], + "it": [ + "Vulpes vulpes", + "volpe rossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common Old World fox; having reddish-brown fur; commonly considered a single circumpolar species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red fox in the color phase when its pelt is mostly black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red fox in the color phase when its pelt is tipped with white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red fox", + "Vulpes fulva" + ], + "it": [ + "Vulpes fulva", + "volpe nordamericana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World fox; often considered the same species as the Old World fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit fox", + "prairie fox", + "Vulpes velox" + ], + "it": [ + "Vulpes velox", + "volpe americana", + "volpe pigmea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey fox of the plains of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit fox", + "Vulpes macrotis" + ], + "it": [ + "Vulpes macrotis", + "volpe pigmea americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey fox of southwestern United States; may be a subspecies of Vulpes velox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alopex", + "genus Alopex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arctic foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic fox", + "white fox", + "Alopex lagopus" + ], + "it": [ + "Alopex lagopus", + "volpe bianca", + "volpe polare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thickly-furred fox of Arctic regions; brownish in summer and white in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of Arctic fox having a pale grey winter coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urocyon", + "genus Urocyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey foxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey fox", + "gray fox", + "Urocyon cinereoargenteus" + ], + "it": [ + "Urocyon cinereoargenteus", + "urucione", + "volpe grigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark grey American fox; from Central America through southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Felidae", + "family Felidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cats; wildcats; lions; leopards; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feline", + "felid" + ], + "it": [ + "felino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various lithe-bodied roundheaded fissiped mammals, many with retractile claws" + ], + "it": [ + "carnivoro della famiglia dei Felidi, caratterizzati per lo più da corpo agile, testa rotondeggiante e unghie retrattili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Felis", + "genus Felis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Felidae: true cats and most wildcats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat", + "true cat" + ], + "it": [ + "gatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero carnivoro domestico con corpo agile e flessuoso, pelo morbido e folto, unghie retrattili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic cat", + "house cat", + "Felis domesticus", + "Felis catus" + ], + "it": [ + "gatto", + "gatto domestico", + "Felis domesticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any domesticated member of the genus Felis" + ], + "it": [ + "nome comunemente dato a molte specie della sottofamiglia dei Felini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitty", + "kitty-cat", + "puss", + "pussy", + "pussycat" + ], + "it": [ + "micio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms referring to a domestic cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouser" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cacciatore di topi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cat proficient at mousing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alley cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homeless cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that has strayed (especially a domestic animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tom", + "tomcat" + ], + "it": [ + "gatto maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a castrated tomcat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabby", + "queen" + ], + "it": [ + "gatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitten", + "kitty" + ], + "it": [ + "gattino", + "micino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young domestic cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabby", + "tabby cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cat with a grey or tawny coat mottled with black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cat having a striped coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortoiseshell", + "tortoiseshell-cat", + "calico cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cat having black and cream-colored and yellowish markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian cat" + ], + "it": [ + "Persian cat", + "gatto persiano", + "persiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-haired breed of cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angora", + "Angora cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-haired breed of cat similar to the Persian cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siamese cat", + "Siamese" + ], + "it": [ + "gatto siamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender short-haired blue-eyed breed of cat having a pale coat with dark ears paws face and tail tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue point Siamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Siamese cat having a bluish cream-colored body and dark grey points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmese cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-haired breed with body similar to the Siamese cat but having a solid dark brown or grey coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic cat of Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese", + "Maltese cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term applied indiscriminately in the United States to any short-haired bluish-grey cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abyssinian", + "Abyssinian cat" + ], + "it": [ + "abissino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small slender short-haired breed of African origin having brownish fur with a reddish undercoat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manx", + "Manx cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-haired tailless breed of cat believed to originate on the Isle of Man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildcat" + ], + "it": [ + "gatto selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small or medium-sized cat resembling the domestic cat and living in the wild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert wildcat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European wildcat", + "catamountain", + "Felis silvestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy-tailed wildcat of Europe that resembles the domestic cat and is regarded as the ancestor of the domestic cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cougar", + "puma", + "catamount", + "mountain lion", + "painter", + "panther", + "Felis concolor" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis concolor", + "puma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American feline resembling a lion" + ], + "it": [ + "felino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocelot", + "panther cat", + "Felis pardalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis pardalis", + "gattopardo", + "ocelot", + "ozelot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal wildcat of Central America and South America having a dark-spotted buff-brown coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaguarundi", + "jaguarundi cat", + "jaguarondi", + "eyra", + "Felis yagouaroundi" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis yagouaroundi", + "yaguarondi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-bodied long-tailed tropical American wildcat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffir cat", + "caffer cat", + "Felis ocreata" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis ocreata", + "gatto domestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed wildcat of Africa and Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle cat", + "Felis chaus" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis chaus", + "gatto della giungla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asiatic wildcat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serval", + "Felis serval" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis serval", + "gattopardo", + "servalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender long-legged African wildcat having large untufted ears and tawny black-spotted coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard cat", + "Felis bengalensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis bengalensis", + "gatto del bengala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spotted wildcat of southern Asia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger cat", + "Felis tigrina" + ], + "it": [ + "Felis tigrina", + "tigrillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized wildcat of Central America and South America having a dark-striped coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margay", + "margay cat", + "Felis wiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spotted wildcat found from Texas to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manul", + "Pallas's cat", + "Felis manul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wildcat of the mountains of Siberia and Tibet and Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lynxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynx", + "catamount" + ], + "it": [ + "lince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed wildcats with usually tufted ears; valued for their fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common lynx", + "Lynx lynx" + ], + "it": [ + "lince comune", + "Lynx lynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada lynx", + "Lynx canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "lince canadese", + "Lynx canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobcat", + "bay lynx", + "Lynx rufus" + ], + "it": [ + "lince rossa", + "Lynx rufus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small lynx of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted lynx", + "Lynx pardina" + ], + "it": [ + "lince iberica", + "Lynx pardina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caracal", + "desert lynx", + "Lynx caracal" + ], + "it": [ + "caracal", + "Lynx caracal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of deserts of northern Africa and southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big cat", + "cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large cats typically able to roar and living in the wild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panthera", + "genus Panthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lions; leopards; snow leopards; jaguars; tigers; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopard", + "Panthera pardus" + ], + "it": [ + "Panthera pardus", + "leopardo", + "lonza", + "pardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large feline of African and Asian forests usually having a tawny coat with black spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leopardess" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "femmina del leopardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female leopard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leopard in the black color phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow leopard", + "ounce", + "Panthera uncia" + ], + "it": [ + "Panthera uncia", + "irbis", + "leopardo delle nevi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large feline of upland central Asia having long thick whitish fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaguar", + "panther", + "Panthera onca", + "Felis onca" + ], + "it": [ + "Panthera onca", + "giaguaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large spotted feline of tropical America similar to the leopard; in some classifications considered a member of the genus Felis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion", + "king of beasts", + "Panthera leo" + ], + "it": [ + "Panthera leo", + "leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male" + ], + "it": [ + "grande felino predatore gregario dell'Africa e dell'India con un pelo bruno fulvo e una folta criniera (negli esemplari maschi)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lioness" + ], + "it": [ + "leonessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lionet" + ], + "it": [ + "leoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small or young lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger", + "Panthera tigris" + ], + "it": [ + "Panthera tigris", + "tigre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large feline of forests in most of Asia having a tawny coat with black stripes; endangered" + ], + "it": [ + "animale felino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengal tiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern short-haired tiger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tigress" + ], + "it": [ + "tigre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female tiger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offspring of a male lion and a female tiger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiglon", + "tigon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offspring of a male tiger and a female lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acinonyx", + "genus Acinonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheetahs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheetah", + "chetah", + "Acinonyx jubatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acinonyx jubatus", + "ghepardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged spotted cat of Africa and southwestern Asia having nonretractile claws; the swiftest mammal; can be trained to run down game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saber-toothed tiger", + "sabertooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of many extinct cats of the Old and New Worlds having long swordlike upper canine teeth; from the Oligocene through the Pleistocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smiledon", + "genus Smiledon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saber-toothed tigers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smiledon californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American sabertooth; culmination of sabertooth development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nimravus", + "genus Nimravus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "false sabertoothed tigers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false saber-toothed tiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American cat of the Miocene and Pliocene; much earlier and less specialized than members of the genus Smiledon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ursidae", + "family Ursidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bears and extinct related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "orso", + "orsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ursus", + "genus Ursus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Ursidae: brown bears; in some classifications genus Ursus includes all bears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown bear", + "bruin", + "Ursus arctos" + ], + "it": [ + "orso bruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ferocious bear of Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional name for a bear used in tales following usage in the old epic `Reynard the Fox'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrian bear", + "Ursus arctos syriacus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ursus arctos syriacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowish-grey Syrian brown bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grizzly", + "grizzly bear", + "silvertip", + "silver-tip", + "Ursus horribilis", + "Ursus arctos horribilis" + ], + "it": [ + "orso grigio", + "grizzly", + "Ursus horribilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaskan brown bear", + "Kodiak bear", + "Kodiak", + "Ursus middendorffi", + "Ursus arctos middendorffi" + ], + "it": [ + "kodiac", + "Ursus arctos middendorffi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown bear of coastal Alaska and British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euarctos", + "genus Euarctos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American black bear", + "black bear", + "Ursus americanus", + "Euarctos americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "orso nero", + "baribal", + "Ursus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown to black North American bear; smaller and less ferocious than the brown bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon bear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown color phase of the American black bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selenarctos", + "genus Selenarctos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic black bear", + "black bear", + "Ursus thibetanus", + "Selenarctos thibetanus" + ], + "it": [ + "orso nero asiatico", + "orso tibetano", + "orso dal collare", + "Ursus thibetanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear with a black coat living in central and eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thalarctos", + "genus Thalarctos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polar bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice bear", + "polar bear", + "Ursus Maritimus", + "Thalarctos maritimus" + ], + "it": [ + "orso bianco", + "orso polare", + "Ursus Maritimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white bear of Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melursus", + "genus Melursus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sloth bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloth bear", + "Melursus ursinus", + "Ursus ursinus" + ], + "it": [ + "orso giocoliere", + "Melursus ursinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common coarse-haired long-snouted bear of south-central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viverridae", + "family Viverridae", + "Viverrinae", + "family Viverrinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genets; civets; mongooses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viverrine", + "viverrine mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cat-like predatory mammals of warmer parts of the Old World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civet", + "civet cat" + ], + "it": [ + "viverra", + "zibetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cat-like mammal typically secreting musk used in perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viverra", + "genus Viverra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Viverridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large civet", + "Viverra zibetha" + ], + "it": [ + "Viverra zibetha", + "gatto civetta asiatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common civet of India and southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viverricula", + "genus Viverricula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Viverridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small civet", + "Viverricula indica", + "Viverricula malaccensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Viverricula indica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common civet of southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctictis", + "genus Arctictis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "binturongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binturong", + "bearcat", + "Arctictis bintourong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal civet of Asia having a long prehensile tail and shaggy black hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptoprocta", + "genus Cryptoprocta" + ], + "it": [ + "Cryptoprocta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive cat-like carnivores inhabiting forests of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossa", + "fossa cat", + "Cryptoprocta ferox" + ], + "it": [ + "Cryptoprocta ferox", + "fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest carnivore of Madagascar; intermediate in some respects between cats and civets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fossa", + "genus Fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic genus of Madagascar civets closely related to palm civets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanaloka", + "Fossa fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civet of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genetta", + "genus Genetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genet", + "Genetta genetta" + ], + "it": [ + "Genetta genetta", + "genetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agile Old World viverrine having a spotted coat and long ringed tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemigalus", + "genus Hemigalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banded palm civets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded palm civet", + "Hemigalus hardwickii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an East Indian civet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herpestes", + "genus Herpestes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mongooses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mongoose" + ], + "it": [ + "mangosta", + "mangusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agile grizzled Old World viverrine; preys on snakes and rodents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian mongoose", + "Herpestes nyula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keen-sighted viverrine of southern Asia about the size of a ferret; often domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichneumon", + "Herpestes ichneumon" + ], + "it": [ + "Herpestes ichneumon", + "icneumone", + "mangusta africana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern African mongoose; in ancient times thought to devour crocodile eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paradoxurus", + "genus Paradoxurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palm civets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm cat", + "palm civet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spotted or striped arboreal civet of southeast Asia and East Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suricata", + "genus Suricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meerkats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meerkat", + "mierkat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mongoose-like viverrine of South Africa having a face like a lemur and only four toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender-tailed meerkat", + "Suricata suricatta" + ], + "it": [ + "Suricata suricatta", + "suricato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meerkat with a thin and elongated tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suricate", + "Suricata tetradactyla" + ], + "it": [ + "suricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing diurnal meerkat of southern Africa; often kept as a pet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiroptera", + "order Chiroptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old order dating to early Eocene: bats: suborder Megachiroptera (fruit bats); suborder Microchiroptera (insectivorous bats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat", + "chiropteran" + ], + "it": [ + "pipistrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megachiroptera", + "suborder Megachiroptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit bat", + "megabat" + ], + "it": [ + "rossetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Old World bat of warm and tropical regions that feeds on fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteropus", + "genus Pteropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Megachiroptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bat with a head that resembles the head of a fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteropus capestratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of fruit bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteropus hypomelanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of fruit bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyctimene", + "genus Nyctimene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian fruit bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpy", + "harpy bat", + "tube-nosed bat", + "tube-nosed fruit bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fruit bats of the genus Nyctimene distinguished by nostrils drawn out into diverging tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynopterus", + "genus Cynopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Megachiroptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynopterus sphinx" + ], + "it": [ + "Cynopterus sphinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of fruit eating bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microchiroptera", + "suborder Microchiroptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most of the bats in the world; all bats except fruit bats insectivorous bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous bat", + "microbat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically having large ears and feeding primarily on insects; worldwide in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse-eared bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carnivorous bat with ears like a mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leafnose bat", + "leaf-nosed bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bat having a leaflike flap at the end of the nose; especially of the families Phyllostomatidae and Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllostomidae", + "family Phyllostomidae", + "Phyllostomatidae", + "family Phyllostomatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World leaf-nosed bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Macrotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafnose bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrotus", + "Macrotus californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-eared greyish bat of southern California and northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllostomus", + "genus Phyllostomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Phyllostomatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearnose bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World bat with a pointed nose leaf; found from southern United States to Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllostomus hastatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Phyllostomus hastatus", + "vampiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of leaf-nosed bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Choeronycteris", + "genus Choeronycteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phyllostomatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hognose bat", + "Choeronycteris mexicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small-eared Mexican bat with a long slender nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinolophidae", + "family Rhinolophidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World leaf-nosed bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bat of the family Rhinolophidae having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hipposideridae", + "family Hipposideridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World leafnose bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hipposideros", + "genus Hipposideros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous bats of the family Hipposideridae of northwest Africa or Philippines or Australia having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinonicteris", + "genus Rhinonicteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange horseshoe bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange bat", + "orange horseshoe bat", + "Rhinonicteris aurantius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common bat of northwestern Australia having orange or yellow fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megadermatidae", + "family Megadermatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World false vampire bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false vampire", + "false vampire bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any New or Old World carnivorous bat erroneously thought to suck blood but in fact feeding on insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megaderma", + "genus Megaderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Megadermatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big-eared bat", + "Megaderma lyra" + ], + "it": [ + "Megaderma lyra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carnivorous Old World bat with very large ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespertilionidae", + "family Vespertilionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the majority of common bats of temperate regions of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vespertilian bat", + "vespertilionid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of carnivorous bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespertilio", + "genus Vespertilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frosted bat", + "Vespertilio murinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Vespertilio murinus", + "serotino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian bat with white-tipped hairs in its coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lasiurus", + "genus Lasiurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red bat", + "Lasiurus borealis" + ], + "it": [ + "Lasiurus borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bat of a brick or rusty red color with hairs tipped with white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous medium to small insectivorous bats found worldwide in caves and trees and buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myotis", + "genus Myotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest and most widely distributed genus of bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little brown bat", + "little brown myotis", + "Myotis leucifugus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small common North American bat; widely distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cave myotis", + "Myotis velifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bat of southwest United States that lives in caves etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eptesicus", + "genus Eptesicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big brown bat", + "Eptesicus fuscus" + ], + "it": [ + "Eptesicus fuscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rather large North American brown bat; widely distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serotine", + "European brown bat", + "Eptesicus serotinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Eptesicus serotinus", + "serotino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common brown bat of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antrozous", + "genus Antrozous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallid bat", + "cave bat", + "Antrozous pallidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drab yellowish big-eared bat that lives in caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pipistrellus", + "genus Pipistrellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nearly cosmopolitan genus of very small bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipistrelle", + "pipistrel", + "Pipistrellus pipistrellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pipistrellus pipistrellus", + "pipistrello nano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European brown bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern pipistrel", + "Pipistrellus subflavus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pipistrellus subflavus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the smallest bats of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western pipistrel", + "SPipistrellus hesperus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euderma", + "genus Euderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackass bat", + "spotted bat", + "Euderma maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bat of the southwestern United States having spots and enormous ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plecotus", + "genus Plecotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespertilionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-eared bat" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Old or New World bats having very long ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western big-eared bat", + "Plecotus townsendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bat of western North America having extremely large ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molossidae", + "family Molossidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mastiff bats; freetail bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tadarida", + "genus Tadarida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freetail bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freetail", + "free-tailed bat", + "freetailed bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small swift insectivorous bat with leathery ears and a long tail; common in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guano bat", + "Mexican freetail bat", + "Tadarida brasiliensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common freetail bat of southern United States having short velvety fur; migrates southward for winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketed bat", + "pocketed freetail bat", + "Tadirida femorosacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brown bat of California and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumops", + "genus Eumops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mastiff bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastiff bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft-furred chocolate-brown bat with folded ears and small wings; often runs along the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmodontidae", + "family Desmodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true vampire bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vampire bat", + "true vampire bat" + ], + "it": [ + "vampiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical American bats of the family Desmodontidae that bite mammals and birds to feed on their blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmodus", + "genus Desmodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Desmodontidae: vampire bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Desmodus rotundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mouse-sized bat of tropical Central America and South America having sharp incisor and canine teeth; feeds on the blood of birds and mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diphylla", + "genus Diphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vampire bats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy-legged vampire bat", + "Diphylla ecaudata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar in size and habits to Desmodus rotundus; of tropical America including southern California and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water vascular system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of fluid-filled tubes used by echinoderms in locomotion and feeding and respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wing of an insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forewing", + "fore-wing", + "fore wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the anterior pair of wings on an insect that has four wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halter", + "haltere", + "balancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the rudimentary hind wings of dipterous insects; used for maintaining equilibrium during flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennon", + "pinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wing of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing case", + "elytron" + ], + "it": [ + "elitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the horny front wings in beetles and some other insects which cover and protect the functional hind wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predator", + "predatory animal" + ], + "it": [ + "predatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animal that lives by preying on other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prey", + "quarry" + ], + "it": [ + "preda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal hunted or caught for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia", + "cacciagione", + "selvaggina", + "selvaggiume", + "selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal hunted for food or sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large animals that are hunted for sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game bird" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "uccello da cacciagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bird (as grouse or pheasant) that is hunted for sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal foot", + "foot" + ], + "it": [ + "zampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pedal extremity of vertebrates other than human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossorial foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foot adapted for digging as in moles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossorial mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrowing mammal having limbs adapted for digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoof" + ], + "it": [ + "unghia", + "zoccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foot of an ungulate mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horny covering of the end of the foot in ungulate mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloven foot", + "cloven hoof" + ], + "it": [ + "zoccolo fesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hoof divided into two parts at its distal extremity (as of ruminants or swine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foot of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foot having the toes connected by folds of skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird's foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygodactyl foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird's foot having the first and fourth toes of each foot directed backward and the second and third forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterodactyl foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird's foot having the first and second toes of each foot directed backward and the third and fourth forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webbed foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird's foot with folds of skin between the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobate foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird's foot having separate toes each with membranous flaps along the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calyculus", + "caliculus", + "calycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cup-shaped structure (as a taste bud or optic cup or cavity of a coral containing a polyp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optic cup", + "eyecup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(embryology) a two-walled cuplike depression that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth" + ], + "it": [ + "dente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toothlike structure in invertebrates found in the mouth or alimentary canal or on a shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denticle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pointed ridge on the exoskeleton of an arthropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ], + "it": [ + "artiglio", + "granfia", + "grinfia", + "ranfia", + "sgrinfia", + "unghione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharp curved horny process on the toe of a bird or some mammals or reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "claw of a bear; often used in jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talon" + ], + "it": [ + "artiglio", + "unghia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp hooked claw especially on a bird of prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw", + "chela", + "nipper", + "pincer" + ], + "it": [ + "chela", + "tenaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grasping structure on the limb of a crustacean or other arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrapod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertebrate animal having four feet or legs or leglike appendages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruped" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrupede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal especially a mammal having four limbs specialized for walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexapod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal having six feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biped" + ], + "it": [ + "bipede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal with two feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the underpart of the body of certain vertebrates such as snakes or fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail" + ], + "it": [ + "coda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bushy tail or part of a bushy tail (especially of the fox)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobtail", + "bob", + "dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short or shortened tail of certain animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caudal appendage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tail especially of a mammal posterior to and above the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uropygium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "posterior part of a bird's body from which the tail feathers grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skinned tail of cattle; used especially for soups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two lobes of the tail of a cetacean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short erect tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuously marked or shaped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solid bony part of the tail of an animal as distinguished from the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse's foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hoof of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Insecta", + "class Insecta", + "Hexapoda", + "class Hexapoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects; about five-sixths of all known animal species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insect" + ], + "it": [ + "bestia", + "insetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small air-breathing arthropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect that lives in a colony with other insects of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephemeron", + "ephemeral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything short-lived, as an insect that lives only for a day in its winged form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holometabola", + "metabola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects that undergo complete metamorphosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defoliator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect that strips the leaves from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect that carries pollen from one flower to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects that deposit their eggs in plants causing galls in which the larvae feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantophasmatodea", + "order mantophasmatodea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of insect identified in 2002 in a 45 million year old piece of amber from the Baltic region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mecoptera", + "order Mecoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of carnivorous insects usually having long membranous wings and long beaklike heads with chewing mouths at the tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mecopteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various carnivorous insects of the order Mecoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panorpidae", + "family Panorpidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of insects of the order Mecoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpion fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mecopterous insects of the family Panorpidae of the northern hemisphere having a long beak and long antennae; males have a tail like that of a scorpion except it is not venomous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bittacidae", + "family Bittacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of predacious tropical insects of the order Mecoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanging fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mecopterous insects of the family Bittacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Collembola", + "order Collembola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute wingless arthropods: springtails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collembolan", + "springtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous minute wingless primitive insects possessing a special abdominal appendage that allows the characteristic nearly perpetual springing pattern; found in soil rich in organic debris or on the surface of snow or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protura", + "order Protura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute wingless arthropods: telsontails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proturan", + "telsontail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several minute primitive wingless and eyeless insects having a cone-shaped head; inhabit damp soil or decaying organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coleoptera", + "order Coleoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "maggiolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect having biting mouthparts and front wings modified to form horny covers overlying the membranous rear wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicindelidae", + "family Cicindelidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiger beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active usually bright-colored beetle that preys on other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccinellidae", + "family Coccinellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ladybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladybug", + "ladybeetle", + "lady beetle", + "ladybird", + "ladybird beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "coccinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small round bright-colored and spotted beetle that usually feeds on aphids and other insect pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adalia", + "genus Adalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ladybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-spotted ladybug", + "Adalia bipunctata" + ], + "it": [ + "Adalia bipunctata", + "coccinella a due punti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red ladybug with a black spot on each wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epilachna", + "genus Epilachna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ladybugs native to Mexico and Central America; both larvae and adults feed on plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican bean beetle", + "bean beetle", + "Epilachna varivestis" + ], + "it": [ + "Epilachna varivestis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduced into the United States from Mexico; feeds on the foliage of the bean plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippodamia", + "genus Hippodamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of ladybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippodamia convergens" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippodamia convergens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of ladybug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rodolia", + "genus Rodolia", + "genus Vedalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Australian ladybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vedalia", + "Rodolia cardinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Rodolia cardinalis", + "coccinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Australia; introduced elsewhere to control scale insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carabidae", + "family Carabidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground beetle", + "carabid beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predacious shining black or metallic terrestrial beetle that destroys many injurious insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachinus", + "genus Brachinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bombardier beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombardier beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beetle that ejects audibly a pungent vapor when disturbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large predaceous ground beetles that feed on injurious caterpillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any beetle of the genus Calosoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "searcher", + "searcher beetle", + "Calosoma scrutator" + ], + "it": [ + "Calosoma scrutator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large metallic blue-green beetle that preys on caterpillars; found in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lampyridae", + "family Lampyridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fireflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firefly", + "lightning bug" + ], + "it": [ + "lucciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal beetle common in warm regions having luminescent abdominal organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glowworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the luminous larva or wingless grub-like female of a firefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cerambycidae", + "family Cerambycidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-horned beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-horned beetle", + "longicorn", + "longicorn beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "cerambice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-bodied beetle having very long antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monochamus", + "genus Monochamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sawyer beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawyer", + "sawyer beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several beetles whose larvae bore holes in dead or dying trees especially conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine sawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large beetle whose larvae bore holes in pine trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysomelidae", + "family Chrysomelidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf beetle", + "chrysomelid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored beetle that feeds on plant leaves; larvae infest roots and stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flea beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small leaf beetle having enlarged hind legs and capable of jumping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptinotarsa", + "genus Leptinotarsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Colorado potato beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado potato beetle", + "Colorado beetle", + "potato bug", + "potato beetle", + "Leptinotarsa decemlineata" + ], + "it": [ + "Leptinotarsa decemlineata", + "dorifora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-yellow beetle that feeds in adult and larval stages on potato leaves; originally of eastern Rocky Mountains; now worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermestidae", + "family Dermestidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpet beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet beetle", + "carpet bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small beetle whose larvae are household pests feeding on woolen fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo carpet beetle", + "Anthrenus scrophulariae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small black and red and white carpet beetle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black carpet beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpet beetle that is solid black in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleridae", + "family Cleridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beetles that prey on other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerid beetle", + "clerid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predacious on other insects; usually brightly colored or metallic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European beetle; infests beehives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamellicornia", + "superfamily Lamellicornia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scarabaeid beetles and stag beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamellicorn beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beetle having antennae with hard platelike terminal segments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scarabaeidae", + "family Scarabaeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scarab or dung beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarabaeid beetle", + "scarabaeid", + "scarabaean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous species of stout-bodied beetles having heads with horny spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dung beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous beetles that roll balls of dung on which they feed and in which they lay eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Scarabaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Scarabaeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarab", + "scarabaeus", + "Scarabaeus sacer" + ], + "it": [ + "Scarabaeus sacer", + "scarabeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scarabaeid beetle considered divine by ancient Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumblebug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various dung beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorbeetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World dung beetle that flies with a droning sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "June beetle", + "June bug", + "May bug", + "May beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large usually brown North American leaf-eating beetles common in late spring; the larvae feed on roots of grasses etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green June beetle", + "figeater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large greenish June beetle of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Popillia", + "genus Popillia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scarabaeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese beetle", + "Popillia japonica" + ], + "it": [ + "Popillia japonica", + "scarabeo giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small metallic green and brown beetle native to eastern Asia; serious plant pest in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anomala", + "genus Anomala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of beetles whose grubs feed mainly on roots of plants; includes several pests of cultivated grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriental beetle", + "Asiatic beetle", + "Anomala orientalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduced into United States from the Orient; larvae feed on roots of sugarcane and other grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinoceros beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large chiefly tropical beetles having horns on the head; pest on coconuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melolonthidae", + "subfamily Melolonthidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered a separate family in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melolonthid beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various beetles of the family (or subfamily) Melolonthidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melolontha", + "genus Melolontha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Melolonthidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockchafer", + "May bug", + "May beetle", + "Melolontha melolontha" + ], + "it": [ + "Melolontha melolontha", + "maggiolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large European beetles destructive to vegetation as both larvae and adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrodactylus", + "genus Macrodactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Melolonthidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose chafer", + "rose bug", + "Macrodactylus subspinosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American beetle: larvae feed on roots and adults on leaves and flowers of e.g. rose bushes or apple trees or grape vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetoniidae", + "subfamily Cetoniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered a separate family in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetonia", + "genus Cetonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cetoniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose chafer", + "rose beetle", + "Cetonia aurata" + ], + "it": [ + "Cetonia aurata", + "cetonia dorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common metallic green European beetle: larvae feed on plant roots and adults on leaves and flowers of e.g. roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucanidae", + "family Lucanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stag beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stag beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "cervo volante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of lamellicorn beetle; the male has branched mandibles resembling antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elateridae", + "family Elateridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "click beetles and certain fireflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaterid beetle", + "elater", + "elaterid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various widely distributed beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click beetle", + "skipjack", + "snapping beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "elatere", + "elaterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "able to right itself when on its back by flipping into the air with a clicking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrophorus", + "genus Pyrophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical click beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firefly", + "fire beetle", + "Pyrophorus noctiluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American click beetle having bright luminous spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wireworm" + ], + "it": [ + "ferretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wormlike larva of various elaterid beetles; feeds on roots of many crop plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dytiscidae", + "family Dytiscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous aquatic beetles usually having a smooth oval body and flattened hind legs for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gyrinidae", + "family Gyrinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whirligig beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirligig beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic beetle that circles rapidly on the water surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anobiidae", + "family Anobiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deathwatch beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathwatch beetle", + "deathwatch", + "Xestobium rufovillosum" + ], + "it": [ + "Xestobium rufovillosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bores through wood making a ticking sound popularly thought to presage death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weevil" + ], + "it": [ + "antonomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several families of mostly small beetles that feed on plants and plant products; especially snout beetles and seed beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curculionidae", + "family Curculionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true weevils: snout beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snout beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small weevil having a prolonged snout; destructive to e.g. grains and nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthonomus", + "genus Anthonomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weevils destructive of cultivated plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boll weevil", + "Anthonomus grandis" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthonomus grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish weevil that lays its eggs in cotton bolls destroying the cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meloidae", + "family Meloidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blister beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister beetle", + "meloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beetle that produces a secretion that blisters the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various beetles that exude an oily substance from the leg joints that deters enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish fly" + ], + "it": [ + "cantaride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green beetle of southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scolytidae", + "family Scolytidae", + "Ipidae", + "family Ipidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of bark-boring or wood-boring short-beaked beetles; very destructive to forest and fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scolytus", + "genus Scolytus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Scolytidae comprising numerous small bark beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch-elm beetle", + "Scolytus multistriatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scolytus multistriatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vector of the fungus causing Dutch elm disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendroctonus", + "genus Dendroctonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small bark beetles destructive especially to mature conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small beetle that bores tunnels in the bark and wood of trees; related to weevils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce bark beetle", + "Dendroctonus rufipennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small beetle that likes to bore through the bark of spruce trees and eat the cambium which eventually kills the tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staphylinidae", + "family Staphylinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rove beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rove beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active beetle typically having predatory or scavenging habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenebrionidae", + "family Tenebrionidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arthropods including darkling beetles and mealworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darkling beetle", + "darkling groung beetle", + "tenebrionid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sluggish hard-bodied black terrestrial weevil whose larvae feed on e.g. decaying plant material or grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mealworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larva of beetles of the family Tenebrionidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tribolium", + "genus Tribolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flour beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour beetle", + "flour weevil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect that infests flour and stored grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruchidae", + "family Bruchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed beetles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed beetle", + "seed weevil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small beetle that infests the seeds of legumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruchus", + "genus Bruchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bruchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea weevil", + "Bruchus pisorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Bruchus pisorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae live in and feed on seeds of the pea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthoscelides", + "genus Acanthoscelides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bruchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean weevil", + "Acanthoscelides obtectus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acanthoscelides obtectus", + "tonchio dei fagioli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae live in and feed on growing or stored beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitophylus", + "genus Sitophylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bruchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice weevil", + "black weevil", + "Sitophylus oryzae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown weevil that infests stored grain especially rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian longhorned beetle", + "Anoplophora glabripennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beetle from China that has been found in the United States and is a threat to hardwood trees; lives inside the tree; no natural predators in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Embioptera", + "order Embioptera", + "Embiodea", + "order Embiodea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "web spinners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web spinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a small order of slender typically tropical insects that nest in colonies in silken tunnels that they spin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anoplura", + "order Anoplura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sucking lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louse", + "sucking louse" + ], + "it": [ + "pidocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wingless usually flattened bloodsucking insect parasitic on warm-blooded animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pediculidae", + "family Pediculidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true lice: human lice and related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pediculus", + "genus Pediculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Pediculidae: true lice infecting humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common louse", + "Pediculus humanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pediculus humanus", + "pidocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head or body louse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head louse", + "Pediculus capitis" + ], + "it": [ + "Pediculus capitis", + "pidocchio del cuoio capelluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infests the head and body of humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body louse", + "cootie", + "Pediculus corporis" + ], + "it": [ + "Pediculus corporis", + "pidocchio del corpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parasitic louse that infests the body of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phthiriidae", + "family Phthiriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crab lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phthirius", + "genus Phthirius", + "Phthirus", + "genus Phthirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true lice: crab lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab louse", + "pubic louse", + "crab", + "Phthirius pubis" + ], + "it": [ + "Phthirius pubis", + "piattola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a louse that infests the pubic region of the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mallophaga", + "order Mallophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biting lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird louse", + "biting louse", + "louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wingless insect with mouth parts adapted for biting; mostly parasitic on birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menopon", + "genus Menopon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken louse", + "shaft louse", + "Menopon palladum", + "Menopon gallinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a louse parasitic on poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siphonaptera", + "order Siphonaptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flea" + ], + "it": [ + "pulce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wingless bloodsucking parasitic insect noted for ability to leap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulicidae", + "family Pulicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "many common fleas attacking humans and domestic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulex", + "genus Pulex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pulicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulex irritans" + ], + "it": [ + "Pulex irritans", + "pulce dell'uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common flea attacking humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ctenocephalides", + "genus Ctenocephalides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod genus of fleas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ctenocephalus", + "genus Ctenocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former usage synonymous with Ctenocephalides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog flea", + "Ctenocephalides canis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ctenocephalides canis", + "pulce del cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flea that attacks dogs and cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat flea", + "Ctenocephalides felis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ctenocephalides felis", + "pulce del gatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flea that breeds chiefly on cats and dogs and rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunga", + "genus Tunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Siphonaptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chigoe", + "chigger", + "chigoe flea", + "Tunga penetrans" + ], + "it": [ + "Tunga penetrans", + "pulce penetrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical flea; the fertile female burrows under the skin of the host including humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echidnophaga", + "genus Echidnophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Siphonaptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticktight", + "sticktight flea", + "Echidnophaga gallinacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic on especially the heads of chickens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diptera", + "order Diptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large order of insects having a single pair of wings and sucking or piercing mouths; includes true flies and mosquitoes and gnats and crane flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipterous insect", + "two-winged insects", + "dipteran", + "dipteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects having usually a single pair of functional wings (anterior pair) with the posterior pair reduced to small knobbed structures and mouth parts adapted for sucking or lapping or piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cecidomyidae", + "family Cecidomyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gall midges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gall midge", + "gallfly", + "gall gnat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragile mosquito-like flies that produce galls on plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayetiola", + "genus Mayetiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cecidomyidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hessian fly", + "Mayetiola destructor" + ], + "it": [ + "Mayetiola destructor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fly whose larvae damage wheat and other grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscoidea", + "superfamily Muscoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-winged flies especially the families: Muscidae; Gasterophilidae; Calliphoridae; Tachinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscidae", + "family Muscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-winged flies especially the housefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ], + "it": [ + "mosca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-winged insects characterized by active flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alula", + "calypter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scalelike structure between the base of the wing and the halter of a two-winged fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musca", + "genus Musca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Muscidae: houseflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housefly", + "house fly", + "Musca domestica" + ], + "it": [ + "Musca domestica", + "mosca domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common fly that frequents human habitations and spreads many diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glossinidae", + "family Glossinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flies closely related to the Muscidae: tsetse flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Glossina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Glossinidae: tsetse flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsetse fly", + "tsetse", + "tzetze fly", + "tzetze", + "glossina" + ], + "it": [ + "mosca tse-tse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bloodsucking African fly; transmits sleeping sickness etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calliphoridae", + "family Calliphoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blowflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calliphora", + "genus Calliphora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Calliphoridae: blowflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowfly", + "blow fly" + ], + "it": [ + "moscone", + "moscone della carne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large usually hairy metallic blue or green fly; lays eggs in carrion or dung or wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i46999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluebottle", + "Calliphora vicina" + ], + "it": [ + "Calliphora vicina", + "moscone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blowfly with iridescent blue body; makes a loud buzzing noise in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucilia", + "genus Lucilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenbottle flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenbottle", + "greenbottle fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blowfly with brilliant coppery green body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcophaga", + "genus Sarcophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flesh fly", + "Sarcophaga carnaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Sarcophaga carnaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly whose larvae feed on carrion or the flesh of living animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tachinidae", + "family Tachinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasites on other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachina fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bristly fly whose larvae live parasitically in caterpillars and other insects; important in control of noxious insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadfly" + ], + "it": [ + "assillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large flies that annoy livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied hairy dipterous fly whose larvae are parasites on humans and other mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasterophilidae", + "family Gasterophilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse botflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasterophilus", + "genus Gasterophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gasterophilidae: horse botflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse botfly", + "Gasterophilus intestinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Gasterophilus intestinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasitic chiefly on horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuterebridae", + "family Cuterebridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World botflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuterebra", + "genus Cuterebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cuterebridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermatobia", + "genus Dermatobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae live under the skin of domestic mammals and humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human botfly", + "Dermatobia hominis" + ], + "it": [ + "Dermatobia hominis", + "bot-fly umana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical American fly; parasitic on humans and other mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oestridae", + "family Oestridae", + "Hypodermatidae", + "family Hypodermatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warble flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oestrus", + "genus Oestrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Oestridae: sheep botflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep botfly", + "sheep gadfly", + "Oestrus ovis" + ], + "it": [ + "Oestrus ovis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae are parasitic on sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypoderma", + "genus Hypoderma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered the type genus of the family Hypodermatidae: warble flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warble fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy bee-like fly whose larvae produce lumpy abscesses (warbles) under the skin of cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lumpy abscess under the hide of domestic mammals caused by larvae of a botfly or warble fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabanidae", + "family Tabanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsefly", + "cleg", + "clegg", + "horse fly" + ], + "it": [ + "assillo", + "tafano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large swift fly the female of which sucks blood of various animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombyliidae", + "family Bombyliidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bee flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy nectar-eating fly that resembles a bee; larvae are parasitic on larvae of bees and related insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asilidae", + "family Asilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robber flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robber fly", + "bee killer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift predatory fly having a strong body like a bee with the proboscis hardened for sucking juices of other insects captured on the wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit fly", + "pomace fly" + ], + "it": [ + "drosofila", + "mosca della frutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small insects whose larvae feed on fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trypetidae", + "family Trypetidae", + "Trephritidae", + "family Trephritidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit flies; some leaf miners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhagoletis", + "genus Rhagoletis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Trypetidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple maggot", + "railroad worm", + "Rhagoletis pomonella" + ], + "it": [ + "Rhagoletis pomonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae bore into and feed on apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratitis", + "genus Ceratitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean fruit flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean fruit fly", + "medfly", + "Ceratitis capitata" + ], + "it": [ + "Ceratitis capitata", + "mosca mediterranea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black-and-white fly that damages citrus and other fruits by implanting eggs that hatch inside the fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drosophilidae", + "family Drosophilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Drosophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Drosophilidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drosophila", + "Drosophila melanogaster" + ], + "it": [ + "Drosophila melanogaster", + "moscerino della frutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fruit fly used by Thomas Hunt Morgan in studying basic mechanisms of inheritance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegar fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flies whose larvae feed on pickles and imperfectly sealed preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philophylla", + "genus Philophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf miners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf miner", + "leaf-miner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small moths or dipterous flies whose larvae burrow into and feed on leaf tissue especially of the family Gracilariidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippoboscidae", + "family Hippoboscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winged or wingless dipterans: louse flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louse fly", + "hippoboscid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bloodsucking dipterous fly parasitic on birds and mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippobosca", + "genus Hippobosca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hippoboscidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse tick", + "horsefly", + "Hippobosca equina" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippobosca equina", + "assillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winged fly parasitic on horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melophagus", + "genus Melophagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod genus of wingless flies including the sheep ked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep ked", + "sheep-tick", + "sheep tick", + "Melophagus Ovinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wingless fly that is an external parasite on sheep and cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haematobia", + "genus Haematobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European genus of bloodsucking flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn fly", + "Haematobia irritans" + ], + "it": [ + "Haematobia irritans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black European fly introduced into North America; sucks blood from cattle especially at the base of the horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nematocera", + "suborder Nematocera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosquitoes; fungus gnats; crane flies; gnats; sand flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culicidae", + "family Culicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosquitoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosquito" + ], + "it": [ + "zanzara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-winged insect whose female has a long proboscis to pierce the skin and suck the blood of humans and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiggler", + "wriggler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a mosquito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British usage) mosquito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aedes", + "genus Aedes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-fever mosquitos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-fever mosquito", + "Aedes aegypti" + ], + "it": [ + "Aedes aegypti", + "zanzara della febbre gialla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosquito that transmits yellow fever and dengue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian tiger mosquito", + "Aedes albopictus" + ], + "it": [ + "Asian tiger mosquito", + "zanzara tigre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "striped native of Japan thriving in southwestern and midwestern United States and spreading to the Caribbean; potential carrier of serious diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anopheles", + "genus Anopheles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malaria mosquitoes; distinguished by the adult's head-downward stance and absence of breathing tubes in the larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anopheline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mosquito of the genus Anopheles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malarial mosquito", + "malaria mosquito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmits the malaria parasite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culex", + "genus Culex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Culicidae: widespread genus of mosquitoes distinguished by holding the body parallel to the resting surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common mosquito", + "Culex pipiens" + ], + "it": [ + "Culex pipiens", + "zanzara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common house mosquito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culex quinquefasciatus", + "Culex fatigans" + ], + "it": [ + "Culex quinquefasciatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread tropical mosquito that transmits filarial worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopogonidae", + "family Ceratopogonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biting midges; sand flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punkie", + "punky", + "punkey", + "no-see-um", + "biting midge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute two-winged insect that sucks the blood of mammals and birds and other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratopogon", + "genus Ceratopogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ceratopogonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chironomidae", + "family Chironomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "midges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midge" + ], + "it": [ + "moscerino", + "moscherino", + "moschino", + "moscino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute two-winged mosquito-like fly lacking biting mouthparts; appear in dancing swarms especially near water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chironomus", + "genus Chironomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chironomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycetophilidae", + "family Mycetophylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus gnats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus gnat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosquito-like insect whose larvae feed on fungi or decaying vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psychodidae", + "family Psychodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small two-winged flies with hairy wings that develop in moss and damp vegetable matter: sand flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychodid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fly of the family Psychodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phlebotomus", + "genus Phlebotomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bloodsucking sand flies that resemble moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand fly", + "sandfly", + "Phlebotomus papatasii" + ], + "it": [ + "Phlebotomus papatasii", + "flebotomo", + "pappataci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small dipterous flies; bloodsucking females can transmit sandfly fever and leishmaniasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciaridae", + "family Sciaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fungus gnats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sciara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sciaridae: fungus gnat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus gnat", + "sciara", + "sciarid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute blackish gregarious flies destructive to mushrooms and seedlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armyworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of fungus gnat that feed on cereals and other grains; they march in large companies in regular order when the food is exhausted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tipulidae", + "family Tipulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crane flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crane fly", + "daddy longlegs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged slender flies that resemble large mosquitoes but do not bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simuliidae", + "family Simuliidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackflies and sand flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simulium", + "genus Simulium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Simuliidae: blackflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackfly", + "black fly", + "buffalo gnat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small blackish stout-bodied biting fly having aquatic larvae; sucks the blood of birds as well as humans and other mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenoptera", + "order Hymenoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of insects including: bees; wasps; ants; ichneumons; sawflies; gall wasps; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymenopterous insect", + "hymenopteran", + "hymenopteron", + "hymenopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects having two pairs of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging or piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apoidea", + "superfamily Apoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee" + ], + "it": [ + "ape", + "pecchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species" + ], + "it": [ + "insetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drone" + ], + "it": [ + "fuco", + "pecchione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stingless male bee in a colony of social bees (especially honeybees) whose sole function is to mate with the queen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen bee" + ], + "it": [ + "ape regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertile egg-laying female bee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sterile member of a colony of social insects that forages for food and cares for the larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldier" + ], + "it": [ + "soldato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wingless sterile ant or termite having a large head and powerful jaws adapted for defending the colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worker bee" + ], + "it": [ + "bottinatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sterile bee specialized to collect food and maintain the hive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apidae", + "family Apidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honeybees; carpenter bees; bumblebees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apis", + "genus Apis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Apidae: honeybees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeybee", + "Apis mellifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Apis mellifera", + "ape domestica", + "ape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social bee often domesticated for the honey it produces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Africanized bee", + "Africanized honey bee", + "killer bee", + "Apis mellifera scutellata", + "Apis mellifera adansonii" + ], + "it": [ + "Apis mellifera adansonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strain of bees that originated in Brazil in the 1950s as a cross between an aggressive African bee and a honeybee; retains most of the traits of the African bee; now spread as far north as Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bee", + "German bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark-colored ill-tempered honeybee supposedly of German origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carniolan bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish highly productive European honeybee that has a quiet disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowish honeybee resembling the Carniolan bee in its habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xylocopa", + "genus Xylocopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpenter bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large solitary bee that lays eggs in tunnels bored into wood or plant stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombus", + "genus Bombus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bombus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bumblebees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumblebee", + "humblebee" + ], + "it": [ + "bombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "robust hairy social bee of temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psithyrus", + "genus Psithyrus" + ], + "it": [ + "Psithyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bee that resembles the bumblebee but lacks pollen-collecting apparatus and a worker caste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoo-bumblebee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bee that is parasitic in the nests of bumblebees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andrenidae", + "family Andrenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of solitary short-tongued bees most of which burrow in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Andrena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solitary burrowing short-tongued bee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andrena", + "andrenid", + "mining bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bee that is a member of the genus Andrena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomia", + "genus Nomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of bee; some are important pollinators of legumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halictidae", + "family Halictidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of small solitary bees; many are valuable pollinators for agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nomia melanderi", + "alkali bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common solitary bee important for pollinating alfalfa in the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megachilidae", + "family Megachilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf-cutting and mason bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megachile", + "genus Megachile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Megachilidae: leaf-cutting bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf-cutting bee", + "leaf-cutter", + "leaf-cutter bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bee that cuts rounded pieces from leaves and flowers to line its nest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mason bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous solitary bees that build nests of hardened mud and sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthidium", + "genus Anthidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potter bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solitary bee that builds nests of mud or pebbles cemented together and attached to a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wasp" + ], + "it": [ + "vespa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social or solitary hymenopterans typically having a slender body with the abdomen attached by a narrow stalk and having a formidable sting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespidae", + "family Vespidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod family of the order Hymenoptera including: yellow jackets; hornets; mason wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vespid", + "vespid wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly social nest-building wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespa", + "genus Vespa" + ], + "it": [ + "vespa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Vespidae: various hornets and yellow jackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several social wasps that construct nests of a substance like paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornet" + ], + "it": [ + "calabrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stinging paper wasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant hornet", + "Vespa crabro" + ], + "it": [ + "Vespa crabro", + "calabrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hornet introduced into the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespula", + "genus Vespula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes considered a subgenus of Vespa: social wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wasp", + "Vespula vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Vespula vulgaris", + "vespa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of vespid wasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bald-faced hornet", + "white-faced hornet", + "Vespula maculata" + ], + "it": [ + "Vespula maculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American hornet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow jacket", + "yellow hornet", + "Vespula maculifrons" + ], + "it": [ + "Vespula maculifrons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellow-marked social wasp commonly nesting in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polistes", + "genus Polistes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Vespidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polistes annularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of paper wasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eumenes", + "genus Eumenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mason wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mason wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various solitary wasps that construct nests of hardened mud for their young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various solitary wasps that construct vase-shaped cells of mud for their eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mutillidae", + "family Mutillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvet ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solitary wasp of the family Mutillidae; the body has a coat of brightly colored velvety hair and the females are wingless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphecoidea", + "superfamily Sphecoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "families Sphecidae and Stizidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphecoid wasp", + "sphecoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various solitary wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphecidae", + "family Sphecidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud daubers; some digger wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sceliphron", + "genus Sceliphron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mud daubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mason wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solitary wasp that constructs nests of hardened mud or clay for the young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digger wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solitary wasp that digs nests in the soil and stocks them with paralyzed insects for the larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stizidae", + "family Stizidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cicada killers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphecius", + "genus Sphecius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large solitary wasps: cicada killer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cicada killer", + "Sphecius speciosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black or rust-colored wasp that preys on cicadas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud dauber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wasp that constructs mud cells on a solid base in which females place eggs laid in paralyzed insect larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynipidae", + "family Cynipidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Hymenoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gall wasp", + "gallfly", + "cynipid wasp", + "cynipid gall wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small solitary wasp that produces galls on oaks and other plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynips", + "genus Cynips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cynipidae: gall wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphibolips", + "genus Amphibolips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cynipid gall wasps, especially causing oak-apple galls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andricus", + "genus Andricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cynipid gall wasps, chiefly affecting oaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalcididae", + "family Chalcididae", + "Chalcidae", + "family Chalcidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod family including: chalcidflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalcid fly", + "chalcidfly", + "chalcid", + "chalcid wasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tiny insects whose larvae are parasites on eggs and larvae of other insects; many are beneficial in destroying injurious insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawworm", + "jointworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of chalcid flies injurious to the straw of wheat and other grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalcis", + "genus Chalcis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chalcididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalcis fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of chalcid fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ichneumonidae", + "family Ichneumonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ichneumon flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichneumon fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hymenopterous insect that resembles a wasp and whose larvae are parasitic on caterpillars and other insect larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenthredinidae", + "family Tenthredinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sawflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect whose female has a saw-like ovipositor for inserting eggs into the leaf or stem tissue of a host plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fenusa", + "genus-Fenusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birch leaf miner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch leaf miner", + "Fenusa pusilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black sawfly native to Europe but established in eastern United States; larvae mine the leaves of birches causing serious defoliation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formicidae", + "family Formicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant", + "emmet", + "pismire" + ], + "it": [ + "formica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monomorium", + "genus Monomorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Formicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharaoh ant", + "pharaoh's ant", + "Monomorium pharaonis" + ], + "it": [ + "Monomorium pharaonis", + "formica faraone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red ant of warm regions; a common household pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little black ant", + "Monomorium minimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny glossy black ant; nests outdoors but invades houses for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorylinae", + "subfamily Dorylinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "army ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army ant", + "driver ant", + "legionary ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical nomadic ant that preys mainly on other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camponotus", + "genus Camponotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpenter ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ant that nests in decaying wood in which it bores tunnels for depositing eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solenopsis", + "genus Solenopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omnivorous ant of tropical and subtropical America that can inflict a painful sting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formica", + "genus Formica" + ], + "it": [ + "formica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Formicidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood ant", + "Formica rufa" + ], + "it": [ + "Formica rufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown European ant typically living in anthills in woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ants captured as larvae and enslaved by another species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formica fusca" + ], + "it": [ + "Formica fusca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ant frequently enslaved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave-making ant", + "slave-maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ant that attacks colonies of other ant species and carries off the young to be reared as slave ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanguinary ant", + "Formica sanguinea" + ], + "it": [ + "Formica sanguinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slave-making ant widely distributed over the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmecia", + "genus Myrmecia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulldog ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog ant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the large fierce Australian ants of the genus Myrmecia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyergus", + "genus Polyergus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Amazon ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amazon ant", + "Polyergus rufescens" + ], + "it": [ + "Polyergus rufescens", + "formica amazzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small reddish slave-making ant species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isoptera", + "order Isoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of social insects that live in colonies, including: termites; often placed in subclass Exopterygota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Termitidae", + "family Termitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Termes", + "genus Termes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Termitidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "termite", + "white ant" + ], + "it": [ + "termite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish soft-bodied ant-like social insect that feeds on wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-wood termite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various termites that live in and feed on dry wood that is not connected with the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reticulitermes", + "genus Reticulitermes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes species highly destructive to structures and living trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reticulitermes flanipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive United States termite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reticulitermes lucifugus" + ], + "it": [ + "Reticulitermes lucifugus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive European termite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinotermitidae", + "family Rhinotermitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed family of termites of temperate to tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastotermitidae", + "family Mastotermitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastotermes", + "genus Mastotermes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive genus of termites; mostly extinct; sometimes considered the most primitive Isoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastotermes darwiniensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mastotermes darwiniensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian termite; sole living species of Mastotermes; called a living fossil; apparent missing link between cockroaches and termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastotermes electromexicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct termite found in amber in southern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mastotermes electrodominicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct termite found in amber in the Dominican Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalotermitidae", + "family Kalotermitidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive termites of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalotermes", + "genus Kalotermes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Kalotermitidae; termites destructive of wood and living trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptotermes", + "genus Cryptotermes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of dry wood termites; cosmopolitan in distribution; sometimes considered a subgenus of Kalotermes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder-post termite", + "Cryptotermes brevis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cryptotermes brevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely destructive dry-wood termite of warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthoptera", + "order Orthoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasshoppers and locusts; crickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthopterous insect", + "orthopteron", + "orthopteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects having leathery forewings and membranous hind wings and chewing mouthparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasshopper", + "hopper" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acrididae", + "family Acrididae", + "Locustidae", + "family Locustidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-horned grasshoppers; true locusts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-horned grasshopper", + "acridid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasshopper with short antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locust" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletta", + "locusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migratory grasshoppers of warm regions having short antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Locusta", + "genus Locusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Acrididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migratory locust", + "Locusta migratoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Locusta migratoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World locust that travels in vast swarms stripping large areas of vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanoplus", + "genus Melanoplus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World migratory locusts and common American grasshoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migratory grasshopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious pest of grain-growing and range areas of central and western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tettigoniidae", + "family Tettigoniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-horned grasshoppers; katydids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-horned grasshopper", + "tettigoniid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasshoppers with long threadlike antennae and well-developed stridulating organs on the forewings of the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microcentrum", + "genus Microcentrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "katydids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katydid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large green long-horned grasshopper of North America; males produce shrill sounds by rubbing together special organs on the forewings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabrus", + "genus Anabrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Tettigoniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mormon cricket", + "Anabrus simplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark wingless cricket-like katydid of arid parts of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenopelmatidae", + "family Stenopelmatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-horned grasshoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenopelmatus", + "genus Stenopelmatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand crickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand cricket", + "Jerusalem cricket", + "Stenopelmatus fuscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large wingless nocturnal grasshopper that burrows in loose soil along the Pacific coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gryllidae", + "family Gryllidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket" + ], + "it": [ + "grillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole cricket" + ], + "it": [ + "grillotalpa", + "rufola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digs in moist soil and feeds on plant roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acheta", + "genus Acheta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common house and field crickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European house cricket", + "Acheta domestica" + ], + "it": [ + "Acheta domestica", + "grillo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lives in human dwellings; naturalized in parts of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field cricket", + "Acheta assimilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Acheta assimilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common American black cricket; attacks crops and also enters dwellings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oecanthus", + "genus Oecanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree crickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree cricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale arboreal American cricket noted for loud stridulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowy tree cricket", + "Oecanthus fultoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellowish tree cricket widely distributed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phasmida", + "order Phasmida", + "Phasmatodea", + "order Phasmatodea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera: stick insects; leaf insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phasmid", + "phasmid insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large cylindrical or flattened mostly tropical insects with long strong legs that feed on plants; walking sticks and leaf insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phasmidae", + "family Phasmidae", + "Phasmatidae", + "family Phasmatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking stick", + "walkingstick", + "stick insect" + ], + "it": [ + "insetto stecco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly tropical insects having long twiglike bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Diapheromera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Phasmidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapheromera", + "Diapheromera femorata" + ], + "it": [ + "Diapheromera femorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of stick insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllidae", + "family Phyllidae", + "Phillidae", + "family Phillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllium", + "genus Phyllium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phyllidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking leaf", + "leaf insect" + ], + "it": [ + "fillio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical insect having a flattened leaflike body; common in southern Asia and the East Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exopterygota", + "subclass Exopterygota", + "Hemimetabola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subclass of insects characterized by gradual and usually incomplete metamorphosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dictyoptera", + "order Dictyoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictyopterous insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cockroaches and mantids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blattodea", + "suborder Blattodea", + "Blattaria", + "suborder Blattaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cockroaches; in some classifications considered an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockroach", + "roach" + ], + "it": [ + "blatta", + "scarafaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous chiefly nocturnal insects; some are domestic pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blattidae", + "family Blattidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blatta", + "genus Blatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Blattidae: cockroaches infesting buildings worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriental cockroach", + "oriental roach", + "Asiatic cockroach", + "blackbeetle", + "Blatta orientalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Blatta orientalis", + "scarafaggio nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown cockroach originally from orient now nearly cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Periplaneta", + "genus Periplaneta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan genus of large cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American cockroach", + "Periplaneta americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large reddish brown free-flying cockroach originally from southern United States but now widely distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian cockroach", + "Periplaneta australasiae" + ], + "it": [ + "Periplaneta australasiae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in warm countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blattella", + "genus Blattella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German cockroach", + "Croton bug", + "crotonbug", + "water bug", + "Blattella germanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Blattella germanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small light-brown cockroach brought to United States from Europe; a common household pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blaberus", + "genus Blaberus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant cockroach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical American cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptocercidae", + "family Cryptocercidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Blattodea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptocercus", + "genus Cryptocercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cockroaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manteodea", + "suborder Manteodea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mantises; in former classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantidae", + "family Mantidae", + "Manteidae", + "family Manteidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mantises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mantis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mantidae: mantises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantis", + "mantid" + ], + "it": [ + "mantide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predacious long-bodied large-eyed insect of warm regions; rests with forelimbs raised as in prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praying mantis", + "praying mantid", + "Mantis religioso" + ], + "it": [ + "Mantis religioso", + "mantide", + "mantide religiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common mantis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bug" + ], + "it": [ + "insetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemiptera", + "order Hemiptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant bugs; bedbugs; some true bugs; also includes suborders Heteroptera (true bugs) and Homoptera (e.g., aphids, plant lice and cicadas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemipterous insect", + "bug", + "hemipteran", + "hemipteron" + ], + "it": [ + "cimice", + "emittero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects with sucking mouthparts and forewings thickened and leathery at the base; usually show incomplete metamorphosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miridae", + "family Miridae", + "Capsidae", + "family Capsidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf bug", + "plant bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bright-colored insect that feeds on plant juices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirid bug", + "mirid", + "capsid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of leaf bug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poecilocapsus", + "genus Poecilocapsus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Miridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-lined plant bug", + "four-lined leaf bug", + "Poecilocapsus lineatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Poecilocapsus lineatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow or orange leaf bug with four black stripes down the back; widespread in central and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lygus", + "genus Lygus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant-sucking bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lygus bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vector of viral plant diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarnished plant bug", + "Lygus lineolaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread plant and fruit pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tingidae", + "family Tingidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lace bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bug having body and wings covered with a lacy network of raised lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lygaeidae", + "family Lygaeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lygaeid bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lygaeid", + "lygaeid bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug: usually bright-colored; pest of cultivated crops and some fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blissus", + "genus Blissus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chinch bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinch bug", + "Blissus leucopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black-and-white insect that feeds on cereal grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coreidae", + "family Coreidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash bugs and leaf-footed bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coreid bug", + "coreid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anasa", + "genus Anasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash bug", + "Anasa tristis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black American bug that sucks sap of vines of the gourd family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leptoglossus", + "genus Leptoglossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf-footed bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf-footed bug", + "leaf-foot bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sap-sucking bug with leaflike expansions on the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cimicidae", + "family Cimicidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wingless flat-bodied bloodsucking insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cimex", + "genus Cimex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cimicidae: bedbugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedbug", + "bed bug", + "chinch", + "Cimex lectularius" + ], + "it": [ + "Cimex lectularius", + "cimice", + "cimice dei letti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bug of temperate regions that infests especially beds and feeds on human blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notonectidae", + "family Notonectidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic carnivorous insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notonecta", + "genus Notonecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Notonectidae: backswimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backswimmer", + "Notonecta undulata" + ], + "it": [ + "Notonecta undulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predaceous aquatic insect that swims on its back and may inflict painful bites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heteroptera", + "suborder Heteroptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects of the order Hemiptera and especially of the suborder Heteroptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heteropterous insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true bugs: insects whose forewings are membranous but have leathery tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug: large aquatic bug adapted to living in or on the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belostomatidae", + "family Belostomatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant water bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large water bug with piercing and sucking mouthparts; feeds on young fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepidae", + "family Nepidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water scorpion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged aquatic insect having the front legs fitted for seizing and holding prey and the abdomen extended by a long breathing tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepa", + "genus Nepa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Nepidae: typical elongate-oval water scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranatra", + "genus Ranatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongate very slender water scorpions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corixidae", + "family Corixidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corixa", + "genus Corixa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Corixidae: boat bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water boatman", + "boat bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous aquatic bug having paddle-like hind legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerrididae", + "family Gerrididae", + "Gerridae", + "family Gerridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod family that includes water striders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water strider", + "pond-skater", + "water skater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-legged bug that skims about on the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerris", + "genus Gerris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gerrididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common pond-skater", + "Gerris lacustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Gerris lacustris", + "gerride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of water strider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reduviidae", + "family Reduviidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assassin bugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassin bug", + "reduviid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug: long-legged predacious bug living mostly on other insects; a few suck blood of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triatoma", + "genus Triatoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conenoses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conenose", + "cone-nosed bug", + "conenose bug", + "big bedbug", + "kissing bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bloodsucking bug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arilus", + "genus Arilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Reduviidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel bug", + "Arilus cristatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large predatory North American bug that sucks the blood of other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrhocoridae", + "family Pyrrhocoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firebugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug: brightly colored bug that can exude a stain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dysdercus", + "genus Dysdercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of slender long-legged bugs that feed on the developing seeds of cotton and stain it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton stainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true bug: bug that damages and stains the lint of developing cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homoptera", + "suborder Homoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant lice (aphids); whiteflies; cicadas; leafhoppers; plant hoppers; scale insects and mealybugs; spittle insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homopterous insect", + "homopteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insects having membranous forewings and hind wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleyrodidae", + "family Aleyrodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiteflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleyrodes", + "genus Aleyrodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aleyrodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitefly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute insect that feeds on plant juices; related to scale insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dialeurodes", + "genus Dialeurodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Aleyrodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrus whitefly", + "Dialeurodes citri" + ], + "it": [ + "Dialeurodes citri", + "mosca bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitefly that attacks citrus trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trialeurodes", + "genus Trialeurodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Aleyrodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenhouse whitefly", + "Trialeurodes vaporariorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Trialeurodes vaporariorum", + "aleuroide", + "mosca bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitefly that inhabits greenhouses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bemisia", + "genus Bemisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet-potato whitefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet-potato whitefly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of whitefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superbug", + "Bemisia tabaci", + "poinsettia strain" + ], + "it": [ + "Bemisia tabaci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strain of pest accidentally imported into Florida from the Middle East then spread to California where it is a very serious pest feeding on almost all vegetable crops and poinsettias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strain of bacteria that is resistant to all antibiotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton strain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeds primarily on cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccoidea", + "superfamily Coccoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale insects and mealybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccid insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale insects and mealybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small homopterous insect that usually lives and feeds on plants and secretes a protective waxy covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coccidae", + "family Coccidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect active in all stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coccus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Coccidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown soft scale", + "Coccus hesperidum" + ], + "it": [ + "Coccus hesperidum", + "cocciniglia bassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pest on citrus trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects that secrete a waxy substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diaspididae", + "family Diaspididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armored scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect having a firm covering of wax especially in the female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspidiotus", + "genus Aspidiotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Diaspididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Jose scale", + "Aspidiotus perniciosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Aspidiotus perniciosus", + "cocciniglia di San José" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small east Asian insect naturalized in the United States that damages fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylopiidae", + "family Dactylopiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cochineal insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylopius", + "genus Dactylopius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dactylopiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cochineal insect", + "cochineal", + "Dactylopius coccus" + ], + "it": [ + "Dactylopius coccus", + "cocciniglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican red scale insect that feeds on cacti; the source of a red dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudococcidae", + "family Pseudococcidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scalelike insects: mealybugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudococcus", + "genus Pseudococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pseudococcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mealybug", + "mealy bug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scalelike plant-eating insect coated with a powdery waxy secretion; destructive especially of fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrophilous mealybug", + "citrophilus mealybug", + "Pseudococcus fragilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive especially to citrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comstock mealybug", + "Comstock's mealybug", + "Pseudococcus comstocki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic insect introduced accidentally into United States; pest on citrus and apple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planococcus", + "genus Planococcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pseudococcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrus mealybug", + "Planococcus citri" + ], + "it": [ + "Planococcus citri", + "cocciniglia farinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeds on a wide variety of cultivated plants but especially destructive to citrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant louse", + "louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small insects especially aphids that feed by sucking the juices from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphidoidea", + "superfamily Aphidoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphid" + ], + "it": [ + "afide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small plant-sucking insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphididae", + "family Aphididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small soft-bodied plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphis", + "genus Aphis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aphididae: injurious to fruit trees and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple aphid", + "green apple aphid", + "Aphis pomi" + ], + "it": [ + "Aphis pomi", + "afide verde del melo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright green aphid; feeds on and causes curling of apple leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackfly", + "bean aphid", + "Aphis fabae" + ], + "it": [ + "Aphis fabae", + "afide nero della fava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish aphid that infests e.g. beans and sugar beets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish aphid; pest on garden and crop plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green peach aphid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowish green aphid that is especially destructive to peaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pale chrysanthemum aphid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important pest of chrysanthemums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant cow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excretes a honeylike substance eaten by ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eriosoma", + "genus Eriosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly aphids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly aphid", + "woolly plant louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretes a waxy substance like a mass of fine curly white cotton or woolly threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly apple aphid", + "American blight", + "Eriosoma lanigerum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primarily a bark feeder on aerial parts and roots of apple and other trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prociphilus", + "genus Prociphilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Aphididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly alder aphid", + "Prociphilus tessellatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attacks alders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adelgidae", + "family Adelgidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adelges", + "genus Adelges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Adelgidae: plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adelgid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various insects that feed and form galls on conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam woolly aphid", + "Adelges piceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of adelgid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce gall aphid", + "Adelges abietis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of adelgid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pineus", + "genus Pineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Adelgidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine leaf aphid", + "Pineus pinifoliae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of adelgid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly adelgid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect that feeds on hemlocks; its egg sacs are small fuzzy white balls like artificial snow on a Christmas tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phylloxeridae", + "family Phylloxeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phylloxera", + "genus Phylloxera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Phylloxeridae: plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape louse", + "grape phylloxera", + "Phylloxera vitifoleae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive to various grape plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psyllidae", + "family Psyllidae", + "Chermidae", + "family Chermidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumping plant lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping plant louse", + "psylla", + "psyllid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small active cicada-like insect with hind legs adapted for leaping; feeds on plant juices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicadidae", + "family Cicadidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cicadas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cicada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cicadidae: cicadas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cicada", + "cicala" + ], + "it": [ + "cicala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied insect with large membranous wings; male has drum-like organs for producing a high-pitched drone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibicen", + "genus Tibicen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harvest flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog-day cicada", + "harvest fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "its distinctive song is heard during July and August" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magicicada", + "genus Magicicada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seventeen-year locust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventeen-year locust", + "periodical cicada", + "Magicicada septendecim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American cicada; appears in great numbers at infrequent intervals because the nymphs take 13 to 17 years to mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercopidae", + "family Cercopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "froghoppers or spittlebugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spittle insect", + "spittlebug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small leaping herbivorous insect that lives in a mass of protective froth which it and its larvae secrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "froghopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of spittlebug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philaenus", + "genus Philaenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cercopidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow spittlebug", + "Philaenus spumarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Philaenus spumarius", + "sputacchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American insect that severely damages grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphrophora", + "genus Aphrophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cercopidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine spittlebug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American insect that attacks pines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saratoga spittlebug", + "Aphrophora saratogensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeds on pines in northern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicadellidae", + "family Cicadellidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafhoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jassidae", + "family Jassidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of small leafhoppers coextensive with the Cicadellidae and not distinguished from it in some classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jassid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of leafhopper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leafhopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small leaping insect that sucks the juices of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant hopper", + "planthopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "related to the leafhoppers and spittlebugs but rarely damages cultivated plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Membracidae", + "family Membracidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant hoppers: treehoppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treehopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small leaping insect that sucks juices of branches and twigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulgoridae", + "family Fulgoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant hoppers: lantern flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lantern fly", + "lantern-fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brightly marked tropical insect with a process like a snout that was formerly thought to emit light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psocoptera", + "order Psocoptera", + "Corrodentia", + "order Corrodentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of insects: includes booklice and bark-lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psocopterous insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small soft-bodied insect with chewing mouthparts and either no wings or two pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psocidae", + "family Psocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of small soft-bodied insects that feed on decaying vegetation; related to booklice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psocid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small winged insect living on the bark and leaves of trees and feeding on e.g. fungi and decaying plant matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark-louse", + "bark louse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several insects living on the bark of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atropidae", + "family Atropidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "booklice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liposcelis", + "genus Liposcelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booklouse", + "book louse", + "deathwatch", + "Liposcelis divinatorius" + ], + "it": [ + "Liposcelis divinatorius", + "liposcele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute wingless psocopterous insects injurious to books and papers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trogium", + "genus Trogium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Psocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common booklouse", + "Trogium pulsatorium" + ], + "it": [ + "Trogium pulsatorium", + "pidocchio dei libri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of booklouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephemeroptera", + "order Ephemeroptera", + "Ephemerida", + "order Ephemerida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectophera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some former classifications: name for the Ephemeroptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephemerid", + "ephemeropteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-lived insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephemeridae", + "family Ephemeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayfly", + "dayfly", + "shadfly" + ], + "it": [ + "efemera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender insect with delicate membranous wings having an aquatic larval stage and terrestrial adult stage usually lasting less than two days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plecoptera", + "order Plecoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stoneflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonefly", + "stone fly", + "plecopteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive winged insect with a flattened body; used as bait by fishermen; aquatic gilled larvae are carnivorous and live beneath stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neuroptera", + "order Neuroptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of insects including: lacewings; antlions; dobsonflies; alderflies; fish flies; mantispids; spongeflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuropteron", + "neuropteran", + "neuropterous insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect having biting mouthparts and four large membranous wings with netlike veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmeleontidae", + "family Myrmeleontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antlions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmeleon", + "genus Myrmeleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Myrmeleontidae: antlions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant lion", + "antlion", + "antlion fly" + ], + "it": [ + "formicaleone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winged insect resembling a dragonfly; the larvae (doodlebugs) dig conical pits where they wait to catch e.g. ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doodlebug", + "ant lion", + "antlion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larva of any of several insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacewing", + "lacewing fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of two families of insects with gauzy wings (Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae); larvae feed on insect pests such as aphids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphid lion", + "aphis lion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous larva of lacewing flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysopidae", + "family Chrysopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green lacewings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green lacewing", + "chrysopid", + "stink fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale green unpleasant-smelling lacewing fly having carnivorous larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldeneye", + "golden-eyed fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of green lacewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemerobiidae", + "family Hemerobiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown lacewings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown lacewing", + "hemerobiid", + "hemerobiid fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dark-colored lacewing fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megaloptera", + "suborder Megaloptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a separate order: alderflies; dobsonflies; snake flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corydalidae", + "family Corydalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dobsons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corydalus", + "genus Corydalus", + "Corydalis", + "genus Corydalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Corydalidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dobson", + "dobsonfly", + "dobson fly", + "Corydalus cornutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large soft-bodied insect having long slender mandibles in the male; aquatic larvae often used as bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellgrammiate", + "dobson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brown aquatic larva of the dobsonfly; used as fishing bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish fly", + "fish-fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than the dobsonfly; larvae are used as fishing bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sialidae", + "family Sialidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod family including: alderflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sialis", + "genus Sialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sialidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alderfly", + "alder fly", + "Sialis lutaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Sialis lutaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark-colored insect having predaceous aquatic larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphidiidae", + "family Raphidiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of arthropods of the suborder Megaloptera, including snakeflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakefly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predatory insect of western North America having a long necklike prothorax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantispidae", + "family Mantispidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mantispids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantispid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect that resembles a mantis; larvae are parasites in the nests of spiders and wasps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sisyridae", + "family Sisyridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arthropod family of the order Neuroptera that includes spongeflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spongefly", + "spongillafly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy-bodied insect whose larvae feed on freshwater sponges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odonata", + "order Odonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dragonflies and damselflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive predatory aquatic insect having two pairs of membranous wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anisoptera", + "suborder Anisoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dragonflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragonfly", + "darning needle", + "devil's darning needle", + "sewing needle", + "snake feeder", + "snake doctor", + "mosquito hawk", + "skeeter hawk" + ], + "it": [ + "libellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender-bodied non-stinging insect having iridescent wings that are outspread at rest; adults and nymphs feed on mosquitoes etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygoptera", + "suborder Zygoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damselflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damselfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender non-stinging insect similar to but smaller than the dragonfly but having wings folded when at rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichoptera", + "order Trichoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of insects consisting of caddis flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichopterous insect", + "trichopteran", + "trichopteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caddis fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caddis fly", + "caddis-fly", + "caddice fly", + "caddice-fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moth-like insect having two pairs of hairy membranous wings and aquatic larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caseworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect larva that constructs a protective case around its body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caddisworm", + "strawworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of the caddis fly; constructs a case of silk covered with sand or plant debris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thysanura", + "order Thysanura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firebrats; silverfish; machilids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thysanuran insect", + "thysanuron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive wingless insects: bristletail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristletail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wingless insect with a long bristlelike tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepismatidae", + "family Lepismatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firebrats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepisma", + "genus Lepisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lepismatidae: silverfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverfish", + "Lepisma saccharina" + ], + "it": [ + "Lepisma saccharina", + "pesciolino d'argento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silver-grey wingless insect found in houses feeding on book bindings and starched clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thermobia", + "genus Thermobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lepismatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebrat", + "Thermobia domestica" + ], + "it": [ + "Thermobia domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lives in warm moist areas e.g. around furnaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machilidae", + "family Machilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumping bristletails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping bristletail", + "machilid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wingless insect living in dark moist places as under dead tree trunks; they make erratic leaps when disturbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thysanoptera", + "order Thysanoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thysanopter", + "thysanopteron", + "thysanopterous insect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect of the order Thysanoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thripidae", + "family Thripidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrips", + "thrip", + "thripid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small to minute sucking insects with narrow feathery wings if any; they feed on plant sap and many are destructive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankliniella", + "genus Frankliniella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tobacco thrips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco thrips", + "Frankliniella fusca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injurious to growing tobacco and peanuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Thrips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Thripidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion thrips", + "onion louse", + "Thrips tobaci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injurious to onion plants and sometimes tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermaptera", + "order Dermaptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earwigs and a few related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earwig" + ], + "it": [ + "Forficola", + "Forficula", + "forbicina", + "forfecchia", + "forficola", + "forficula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous insects of the order Dermaptera having elongate bodies and slender many-jointed antennae and a pair of large pincers at the rear of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forficulidae", + "family Forficulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical earwigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forficula", + "genus Forficula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Forficulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common European earwig", + "Forficula auricularia" + ], + "it": [ + "Forficula auricularia", + "forbicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes destructive to cultivated bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidoptera", + "order Lepidoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths and butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidopterous insect", + "lepidopteron", + "lepidopteran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insect that in the adult state has four wings more or less covered with tiny scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly" + ], + "it": [ + "farfalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diurnal insect typically having a slender body with knobbed antennae and broad colorful wings" + ], + "it": [ + "insetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nymphalidae", + "family Nymphalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large beautifully colored butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymphalid", + "nymphalid butterfly", + "brush-footed butterfly", + "four-footed butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to large butterflies found worldwide typically having brightly colored wings and much-reduced nonfunctional forelegs carried folded on the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nymphalis", + "genus Nymphalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Nymphalidae: mourning cloak butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourning cloak", + "mourning cloak butterfly", + "Camberwell beauty", + "Nymphalis antiopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of temperate regions; having dark purple wings with yellow borders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortoiseshell", + "tortoiseshell butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliantly colored; larvae feed on nettles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanessa", + "genus Vanessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painted beauty and red admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted beauty", + "Vanessa virginiensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Vanessa virginiensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American butterfly having dark brown wings with white and golden orange spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiral" + ], + "it": [ + "vanessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several brightly colored butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red admiral", + "Vanessa atalanta" + ], + "it": [ + "Vanessa atalanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of temperate Europe and Asia; having black wings with red and white markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limenitis", + "genus Limenitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly dark northern butterflies with white wing bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white admiral", + "Limenitis camilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Limenitis camilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian butterfly with brown wings and white markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banded purple", + "white admiral", + "Limenitis arthemis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American butterfly with blue-black wings crossed by a broad white band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-spotted purple", + "Limenitis astyanax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the banded purple but with red spots on underwing surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viceroy", + "Limenitis archippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy American butterfly resembling the monarch but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anglewing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nymphalid butterfly having angular notches on the outer edges of the forewings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satyridae", + "family Satyridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed family of butterflies common near the edges of woods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringlet", + "ringlet butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various butterflies belonging to the family Satyridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polygonia", + "genus Polygonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comma butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comma", + "comma butterfly", + "Polygonia comma" + ], + "it": [ + "Polygonia comma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anglewing butterfly with a comma-shaped mark on the underside of each hind wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fritillary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfly with brownish wings marked with black and silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spyeria", + "genus Spyeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fritillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverspot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfly with silver spots on the underside of the hind wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argynnis", + "genus Argynnis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fritillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apatura", + "genus Apatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Old World butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emperor butterfly", + "emperor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large richly colored butterfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple emperor", + "Apatura iris" + ], + "it": [ + "Apatura iris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European butterfly the male of which has wings shaded with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inachis", + "genus Inachis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Nymphalidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacock", + "peacock butterfly", + "Inachis io" + ], + "it": [ + "Inachis io", + "occhio di pavone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danaidae", + "family Danaidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of usually tropical butterflies: monarch butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danaid", + "danaid butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical butterfly with degenerate forelegs and an unpleasant taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danaus", + "genus Danaus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Danaidae: monarch butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monarch", + "monarch butterfly", + "milkweed butterfly", + "Danaus plexippus" + ], + "it": [ + "Danaus plexippus", + "farfalla monarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pieridae", + "family Pieridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arthropod family including cabbage butterflies; sulphur butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierid", + "pierid butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous pale-colored butterflies having three pairs of well-developed legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage butterfly" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white butterfly whose larvae (cabbageworms) feed on cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pieris", + "genus Pieris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pieridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small white", + "Pieris rapae" + ], + "it": [ + "Pieris rapae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small widely distributed form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large white", + "Pieris brassicae" + ], + "it": [ + "Pieris brassicae", + "pieridae cavolaia maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World form of cabbage butterfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern cabbage butterfly", + "Pieris protodice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American form of cabbage butterfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulphur butterfly", + "sulfur butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous yellow or orange butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycaenidae", + "family Lycaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of small usually brilliantly colored butterflies; males have short forelegs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lycaenid", + "lycaenid butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various butterflies of the family Lycaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycaena", + "genus Lycaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lycaenidae; small slender butterflies with upper surface of wings usually metallic blue or green or copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae having coppery wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American copper", + "Lycaena hypophlaeas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common copper butterfly of central and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strymon", + "genus Strymon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and widely distributed genus of hairstreak butterflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairstreak", + "hairstreak butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small butterflies having striped markings under the wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strymon melinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Strymon melinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae are pests of various economic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moth" + ], + "it": [ + "camola", + "tarma", + "tignola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically crepuscular or nocturnal insect having a stout body and feathery or hairlike antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moth miller", + "miller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various moths that have powdery wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tortricidae", + "family Tortricidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf rollers and codling moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortricid", + "tortricid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small moths having lightly fringed wings; larvae are leaf rollers or live in fruits and galls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf roller", + "leaf-roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae form nests by rolling and tying leaves with spun silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tortrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tortricidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homona", + "genus Homona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tea tortrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea tortrix", + "tortrix", + "Homona coffearia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Indian moth infesting e.g. tea and coffee plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argyrotaenia", + "genus Argyrotaenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange tortrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange tortrix", + "tortrix", + "Argyrotaenia citrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California moth whose larvae live in especially oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpocapsa", + "genus Carpocapsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "codling moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codling moth", + "codlin moth", + "Carpocapsa pomonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small grey moth whose larvae live in apples and English walnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lymantriidae", + "family Lymantriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tussock moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymantriid", + "tussock moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dull-colored moth whose larvae have tufts of hair on the body and feed on the leaves of many deciduous trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tussock caterpillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a tussock moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lymantria", + "genus Lymantria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lymantriidae; a pest (Lymantria means `destroyer')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gypsy moth", + "gipsy moth", + "Lymantria dispar" + ], + "it": [ + "Lymantria dispar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European moth introduced into North America; a serious pest of shade trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euproctis", + "genus Euproctis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lymantriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browntail", + "brown-tail moth", + "Euproctis phaeorrhoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brown and white European moth introduced into eastern United States; pest of various shade and fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold-tail moth", + "Euproctis chrysorrhoea" + ], + "it": [ + "Euproctis chrysorrhoea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white furry-bodied European moth with a yellow tail tuft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geometridae", + "family Geometridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometrid", + "geometrid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender-bodied broad-winged moth whose larvae are called measuring worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleacrita", + "genus Paleacrita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geometrid moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleacrita vernata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are spring cankerworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alsophila", + "genus Alsophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geometrid moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alsophila pometaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American moth with grey-winged males and wingless females; larvae are fall cankerworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cankerworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green caterpillar of a geometrid moth; pest of various fruit and shade trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring cankerworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variably colored looper; larva of Paleacrita vernata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall cankerworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green or brown white-striped looper; larva of Alsophila pometaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measuring worm", + "inchworm", + "looper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hairless caterpillar having legs on only its front and rear segments; mostly larvae of moths of the family Geometridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyralidae", + "family Pyralidae", + "Pyralididae", + "family Pyralididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bee moths; corn borers; flour moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyralid", + "pyralid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually tropical slender-bodied long-legged moth whose larvae are crop pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyralis", + "genus Pyralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pyralidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galleria", + "genus Galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pyralidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee moth", + "wax moth", + "Galleria mellonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae live in and feed on bee honeycombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrausta", + "genus Pyrausta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are corn borers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn borer", + "European corn borer moth", + "corn borer moth", + "Pyrausta nubilalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Pyrausta nubilalis", + "piralide europea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to Europe; in America the larvae bore into the stem and crown of corn and other plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anagasta", + "genus Anagasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are flour moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean flour moth", + "Anagasta kuehniella" + ], + "it": [ + "Anagasta kuehniella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moth whose larvae damage stored grain and flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephestia", + "genus Ephestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moths whose larvae spin silken tunnels and feed on stored food products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco moth", + "cacao moth", + "Ephestia elutella" + ], + "it": [ + "Ephestia elutella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moth whose larvae feed on tobacco and other dried plant products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cadra", + "genus Cadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pyralidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond moth", + "fig moth", + "Cadra cautella" + ], + "it": [ + "Cadra cautella", + "tignola dei fichi secchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moth whose larvae feed on and mat together with webbing various stored products of vegetable origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin moth", + "Cadra figulilella" + ], + "it": [ + "Cadra figulilella", + "tignola della frutta secca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae attack dried fruits and cereal products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tineoidea", + "superfamily Tineoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothes moths; carpet moths; leaf miners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tineoid", + "tineoid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dull-colored moth with chewing mouthparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tineidae", + "family Tineidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothes moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tineid", + "tineid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellowish moths whose larvae feed on wool or fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothes moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small yellowish or buff-colored moths whose larvae eat organic matter e.g. woolens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinea", + "genus Tinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tineidae: clothes moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casemaking clothes moth", + "Tinea pellionella" + ], + "it": [ + "Tinea pellionella", + "tarma delle pellicce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larvae live in tubes of its food material fastened with silk that it spins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tineola", + "genus Tineola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "webbing clothes moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webbing clothes moth", + "webbing moth", + "Tineola bisselliella" + ], + "it": [ + "Tineola bisselliella", + "tarma chiara degli abiti", + "tignola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth that forms a web in which it lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichophaga", + "genus Trichophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpet moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet moth", + "tapestry moth", + "Trichophaga tapetzella" + ], + "it": [ + "Trichophaga tapetzella", + "tarma maggiore dei tappeti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae feed on carpets and other woolens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gracilariidae", + "Gracillariidae", + "family Gracilariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaf miners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gracilariid", + "gracilariid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dull or metallic-colored tineoid moths whose larvae mine in plant leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gelechiidae", + "family Gelechiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important economic pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelechiid", + "gelechiid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender-winged moths whose larvae are agricultural pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gelechia", + "genus Gelechia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gelechiidae: pink bollworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gelechia gossypiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brown moth whose larvae bore into flowers and bolls of cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae feed on grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitotroga", + "genus Sitotroga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grain moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angoumois moth", + "angoumois grain moth", + "Sitotroga cerealella" + ], + "it": [ + "Sitotroga cerealella", + "farfalla dei cereali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small moth whose larvae feed on kernels of stored grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phthorimaea", + "genus Phthorimaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potato moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato moth", + "potato tuber moth", + "splitworm", + "Phthorimaea operculella" + ], + "it": [ + "Phthorimaea operculella", + "tignola della patata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-brown moth whose larva is the potato tuberworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato tuberworm", + "Phthorimaea operculella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of potato moth; mines in leaves and stems of e.g. potatoes and tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noctuidae", + "family Noctuidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutworms; armyworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noctuid moth", + "noctuid", + "owlet moth" + ], + "it": [ + "nottua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually dull-colored medium-sized nocturnal moth; the usually smooth-bodied larvae are destructive agricultural pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutworm" + ], + "it": [ + "agrotide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American moth whose larvae feed on young plant stems cutting them off at the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noctua", + "genus Noctua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Noctuidae: moths whose larvae are cutworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catacala", + "genus Catacala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are cutworms: underwings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underwing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth having dull forewings and brightly colored hind wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red underwing", + "Catocala nupta" + ], + "it": [ + "Catocala nupta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth having dull forewings and red-marked hind wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cerapteryx", + "genus Cerapteryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antler moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antler moth", + "Cerapteryx graminis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cerapteryx graminis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European moth with white antler-like markings on the forewings; the larvae damage pastures and grasslands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heliothis", + "genus Heliothis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Noctuidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliothis moth", + "Heliothis zia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized moth whose larvae are corn earworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chorizagrotis", + "genus Chorizagrotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are army cutworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army cutworm", + "Chorizagrotis auxiliaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae (of a noctuid moth) that travel in large groups and destroy grains and alfalfa in the midwestern states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudaletia", + "genus Pseudaletia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are armyworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armyworm", + "Pseudaletia unipuncta" + ], + "it": [ + "Pseudaletia unipuncta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose destructive larvae travel in multitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armyworm", + "army worm", + "Pseudaletia unipuncta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noctuid moth larvae that travel in multitudes destroying especially grass and grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spodoptera", + "genus Spodoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are armyworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spodoptera exigua" + ], + "it": [ + "Spodoptera exigua", + "nottua della bietola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are beet armyworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet armyworm", + "Spodoptera exigua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth larva that eats foliage of beets and other vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spodoptera frugiperda" + ], + "it": [ + "Spodoptera frugiperda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are fall armyworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall armyworm", + "Spodoptera frugiperda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a migratory American noctuid moth; destroys grasses and small grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphingidae", + "family Sphingidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hawkmoths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawkmoth", + "hawk moth", + "sphingid", + "sphinx moth", + "hummingbird moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various moths with long narrow forewings capable of powerful flight and hovering over flowers to feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manduca", + "genus Manduca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moths whose larvae are tobacco hornworms or tomato hornworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manduca sexta" + ], + "it": [ + "Manduca sexta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are tobacco hornworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco hornworm", + "tomato worm", + "Manduca sexta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large green white-striped hawkmoth larva that feeds on tobacco and related plants; similar to tomato hornworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manduca quinquemaculata" + ], + "it": [ + "Manduca quinquemaculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are tomato hornworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato hornworm", + "potato worm", + "Manduca quinquemaculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large green white-striped hawkmoth larva that feeds on tomato and potato plants; similar to tobacco hornworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acherontia", + "genus Acherontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "death's-head moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death's-head moth", + "Acherontia atropos" + ], + "it": [ + "Acherontia atropos", + "acheronzia", + "atropo", + "testa di morto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European hawkmoth with markings on the back resembling a human skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombycidae", + "family Bombycidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese silkworm moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombycid", + "bombycid moth", + "silkworm moth" + ], + "it": [ + "bombice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderate-sized Asiatic moth whose larvae feed on mulberry leaves and produce silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bombyx", + "genus Bombyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bombycidae: Chinese silkworm moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic silkworm moth", + "domesticated silkworm moth", + "Bombyx mori" + ], + "it": [ + "Bombyx mori", + "baco da seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky creamy-white Asiatic moth found almost entirely under human care; the source of most of the silk commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkworm" + ], + "it": [ + "baco da seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commercially bred hairless white caterpillar of the domestic silkworm moth which spins a cocoon that can be processed to yield silk fiber; the principal source of commercial silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturniidae", + "family Saturniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important and widely distributed family of moths including some of the largest insects known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturniid", + "saturniid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brightly colored and usually tropical moth; larvae spin silken cocoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturnia", + "genus Saturnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Saturniidae: emperor moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emperor", + "emperor moth", + "Saturnia pavonia" + ], + "it": [ + "Saturnia pavonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large moth of temperate forests of Eurasia having heavily scaled transparent wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eacles", + "genus Eacles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imperial moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial moth", + "Eacles imperialis" + ], + "it": [ + "Eacles imperialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American moth having yellow wings with purplish or brownish markings; larvae feed on e.g. maple and pine trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant silkworm moth", + "silkworm moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any silkworm moth of the family Saturniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkworm", + "giant silkworm", + "wild wilkworm" + ], + "it": [ + "baco", + "baco da seta", + "bigatto", + "filugello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a saturniid moth; spins a large amount of strong silk in constructing its cocoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actias", + "genus Actias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luna moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luna moth", + "Actias luna" + ], + "it": [ + "Actias luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pale-green American moth with long-tailed hind wings and a yellow crescent-shaped mark on each forewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyalophora", + "genus Hyalophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American silkworm moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cecropia", + "cecropia moth", + "Hyalophora cecropia" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyalophora cecropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American silkworm moth; larvae feed on the leaves of forest trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samia", + "genus Samia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silkworm moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynthia moth", + "Samia cynthia", + "Samia walkeri" + ], + "it": [ + "Samia cynthia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Asiatic moth introduced into the United States; larvae feed on the ailanthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ailanthus silkworm", + "Samia cynthia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large green silkworm of the cynthia moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Automeris", + "genus Automeris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "io moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "io moth", + "Automeris io" + ], + "it": [ + "Automeris io" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large yellow American moth having a large eyelike spot on each hind wing; the larvae have stinging spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antheraea", + "genus Antheraea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large moths whose larvae produce silk of high quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphemus moth", + "Antheraea polyphemus" + ], + "it": [ + "Antheraea polyphemus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large yellowish-brown American silkworm moth with large eyespots on hind wings; larvae feed on fruit and shade trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pernyi moth", + "Antheraea pernyi" + ], + "it": [ + "Antheraea pernyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese moth that produces a brownish silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tussah", + "tusseh", + "tussur", + "tussore", + "tusser", + "Antheraea mylitta" + ], + "it": [ + "tussor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oriental moth that produces brownish silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atticus", + "genus Atticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atlas moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atlas moth", + "Atticus atlas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant saturniid moth widespread in Asia; sometimes cultured for silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctiidae", + "family Arctiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiger moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arctiid", + "arctiid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied broad-winged moth with conspicuously striped or spotted wings; larvae are hairy caterpillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized moth with long richly colored and intricately patterned wings; larvae are called woolly bears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callimorpha", + "genus Callimorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cinnabar moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnabar", + "cinnabar moth", + "Callimorpha jacobeae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large red-and-black European moth; larvae feed on leaves of ragwort; introduced into United States to control ragwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lasiocampidae", + "family Lasiocampidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tent caterpillars; eggars; lappet moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasiocampid", + "lasiocampid moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized stout-bodied neutral-colored moths with comb-like antennae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lasiocampa", + "genus Lasiocampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lasiocampidae: eggars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggar", + "egger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth having nonfunctional mouthparts as adults; larvae feed on tree foliage and spin egg-shaped cocoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malacosoma", + "genus Malacosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tent caterpillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent-caterpillar moth", + "Malacosoma americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are tent caterpillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent caterpillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larvae of moths that build and live in communal silken webs in orchard and shade trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent-caterpillar moth", + "Malacosoma disstria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose gregarious larvae spin webs resembling carpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest tent caterpillar", + "Malacosoma disstria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae of a gregarious North American moth that spins a web resembling a carpet rather than a tent; serious defoliator of deciduous trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lappet", + "lappet moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized hairy moths; larvae are lappet caterpillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lappet caterpillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a lappet moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several gregarious moth larvae that spin webs over foliage on which they feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyphantria", + "genus Hyphantria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall webworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webworm moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of moth that spins a web in which it lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyphantria cunea" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyphantria cunea", + "bruco americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are fall webworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall webworm", + "Hyphantria cunea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of webworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxostege", + "genus Loxostege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden webworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxostege similalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moth whose larvae are garden webworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden webworm", + "Loxostege similalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of webworm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect or other arthropod between molts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caterpillar" + ], + "it": [ + "bruco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wormlike and often brightly colored and hairy or spiny larva of a butterfly or moth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn borer", + "Pyrausta nubilalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of the European corn borer moth; a serious pest of maize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bollworm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various moth caterpillars that destroy cotton bolls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink bollworm", + "Gelechia gossypiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larvae of a gelechiid moth introduced from Asia; feeds on the seeds of cotton bolls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn earworm", + "cotton bollworm", + "tomato fruitworm", + "tobacco budworm", + "vetchworm", + "Heliothis zia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of a noctuid moth; highly destructive to especially corn and cotton and tomato crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbageworm", + "Pieris rapae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic green larva of a cabbage butterfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly bear", + "woolly bear caterpillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caterpillar of numerous moths characterized by a dense coat of woolly hairs; feed on plants and some are destructive pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly bear moth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larva of moth of the family Arctiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larva" + ], + "it": [ + "larva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the immature free-living form of most invertebrates and amphibians and fish which at hatching from the egg is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymph" + ], + "it": [ + "ninfa", + "pupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a larva of an insect with incomplete metamorphosis (as the dragonfly or mayfly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender transparent larva of eels and certain fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grub" + ], + "it": [ + "bruco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thick wormlike larva of certain beetles and other insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maggot" + ], + "it": [ + "bacherozzo", + "baco", + "verme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larva of the housefly and blowfly commonly found in decaying organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherjacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough-skinned larva of certain crane flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pupa" + ], + "it": [ + "pupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insect in the inactive stage of development (when it is not feeding) intermediate between larva and adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrysalis" + ], + "it": [ + "crisalide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pupa of a moth or butterfly enclosed in a cocoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoon" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silky envelope spun by the larvae of many insects to protect pupas and by spiders to protect eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult insect produced after metamorphosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ], + "it": [ + "regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoronida", + "Phoronidea", + "phylum Phoronida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small phylum of wormlike marine animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoronid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hermaphrodite wormlike animal living in mud of the sea bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryozoa", + "phylum Bryozoa", + "polyzoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine or freshwater animals that form colonies of zooids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bryozoan", + "polyzoan", + "sea mat", + "sea moss", + "moss animal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sessile aquatic animal forming mossy colonies of small polyps each having a curved or circular ridge bearing tentacles; attach to stones or seaweed and reproduce by budding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ectoprocta", + "phylum Ectoprocta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with or a subphylum of Bryozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectoproct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sessile mossy aquatic animal having the anus of the polyp outside the crown of tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entoprocta", + "phylum Entoprocta", + "Endoprocta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes considered a subphylum of Bryozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entoproct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various moss-like aquatic animals usually forming branching colonies; each polyp having a both mouth and anus within a closed ring of tentacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycliophora", + "phylum Cycliophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny marine organisms each the size of a period found in great numbers on lobsters' lips; identified tentatively in 1995 as a new phylum or as possible link between Entoprocta and Ectoprocta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symbion pandora" + ], + "it": [ + "Symbion pandora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only known species of Cycliophora; lives symbiotically attached to a lobster's lip by an adhesive disk and feeding by means of a hairy mouth ring; its complex life cycle includes asexual and sexual phases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachiopoda", + "phylum Brachiopoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine invertebrates that resemble mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachiopod", + "lamp shell", + "lampshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine animal with bivalve shell having a pair of arms bearing tentacles for capturing food; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sipuncula", + "phylum Sipuncula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peanut worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut worm", + "sipunculid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small unsegmented marine worm that when disturbed retracts its anterior portion into the body giving the appearance of a peanut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinoderm family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of echinoderms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinoderm genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of echinoderms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinodermata", + "phylum Echinodermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radially symmetrical marine invertebrates including e.g. starfish and sea urchins and sea cucumbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinoderm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine invertebrates with tube feet and five-part radially symmetrical bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulacrum" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulacro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five areas on the undersurface of an echinoderm on which the tube feet are located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asteroidea", + "class Asteroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starfish", + "sea star" + ], + "it": [ + "asteria", + "stella di mare", + "stella marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "echinoderms characterized by five arms extending from a central disk" + ], + "it": [ + "invertebrato degli echinodermi che ha il corpo a forma di stella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiuroidea", + "class Ophiuroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brittle stars and basket stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiurida", + "subclass Ophiurida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brittle stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittle star", + "brittle-star", + "serpent star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal resembling a starfish with fragile whiplike arms radiating from a small central disc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euryalida", + "subclass Euryalida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basket stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket star", + "basket fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any starfish-like animal of the genera Euryale or Astrophyton or Gorgonocephalus having slender complexly branched interlacing arms radiating from a central disc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euryale", + "genus Euryale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basket stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astrophyton", + "genus Astrophyton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes many of the basket stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astrophyton muricatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of basket star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorgonocephalus", + "genus Gorgonocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basket stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinoidea", + "class Echinoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea urchins and sand dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea urchin" + ], + "it": [ + "echino", + "riccio di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shallow-water echinoderms having soft bodies enclosed in thin spiny globular shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible sea urchin", + "Echinus esculentus" + ], + "it": [ + "Echinus esculentus", + "riccio di mare", + "riccio marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sea urchin that can be eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exocycloida", + "order Exocycloida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat sea urchins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flattened disklike sea urchins that live on sandy bottoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spatangoida", + "order Spatangoida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart-shaped sea urchins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart urchin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea urchin having a heart-shaped body in a rigid spiny shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crinoidea", + "class Crinoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea lilies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crinoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive echinoderms having five or more feathery arms radiating from a central disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptilocrinus", + "genus Ptilocrinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea lilies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crinoid with delicate radiating arms and a stalked body attached to a hard surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antedonidae", + "family Antedonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feather stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comatulidae", + "family Comatulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former usage synonymous with Antedonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antedon", + "genus Antedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of echinoderms of the family Antedonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comatula", + "genus Comatula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former usage synonymous with Antedon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather star", + "comatulid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-swimming stalkless crinoid with ten feathery arms; found on muddy sea bottoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holothuroidea", + "class Holothuroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of echinoderms including the sea cucumbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea cucumber", + "holothurian" + ], + "it": [ + "oloturia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "echinoderm having a flexible sausage-shaped body, tentacles surrounding the mouth and tube feet; free-living mud feeders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holothuridae", + "family Holothuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Holothuroidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holothuria", + "genus Holothuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Holothuridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trepang", + "Holothuria edulis" + ], + "it": [ + "Holothuria edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of warm coasts from Australia to Asia; used as food especially by Chinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "invertebrate foot" + ], + "it": [ + "piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various organs of locomotion or attachment in invertebrates" + ], + "it": [ + "nei molluschi, massa muscolare situata nella parte ventrale del corpo, con funzione locomotoria o di scavo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tentacular tubular process of most echinoderms (starfish and sea urchins and holothurians) having a sucker at the end and used for e.g. locomotion and respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs of female fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milt" + ], + "it": [ + "splene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seminal fluid produced by male fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splint bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rudimentary metacarpal or metatarsal bone on either side of the cannon bone in the leg of a horse or related animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duplicidentata" + ], + "it": [ + "Duplicidentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications considered a suborder of Rodentia coextensive with the order Lagomorpha: gnawing animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagomorpha", + "order Lagomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rabbits; hares; pikas; formerly considered the suborder Duplicidentata of the order Rodentia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagomorph", + "gnawing mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative large gnawing animals; distinguished from rodents by having two pairs of upper incisors specialized for gnawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leporidae", + "family Leporidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hares and rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leporid", + "leporid mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rabbits and hares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit", + "coney", + "cony" + ], + "it": [ + "coniglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various burrowing animals of the family Leporidae having long ears and short tails; some domesticated and raised for pets or food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit ears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the long ears of a rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "castrated male rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunny", + "bunny rabbit" + ], + "it": [ + "coniglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually informal) especially a young rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oryctolagus", + "genus Oryctolagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European rabbit", + "Old World rabbit", + "Oryctolagus cuniculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Oryctolagus cuniculus", + "coniglio selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common greyish-brown burrowing animal native to southern Europe and northern Africa but introduced elsewhere; widely domesticated and developed in various colors and for various needs; young are born naked and helpless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sylvilagus", + "genus Sylvilagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood rabbit", + "cottontail", + "cottontail rabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common small rabbit of North America having greyish or brownish fur and a tail with a white underside; a host for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern cottontail", + "Sylvilagus floridanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sylvilagus floridanus", + "mini lepre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in United States except northwest and far west regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp rabbit", + "canecutter", + "swamp hare", + "Sylvilagus aquaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood rabbit of southeastern United States swamps and lowlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh hare", + "swamp rabbit", + "Sylvilagus palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood rabbit of marshy coastal areas from North Carolina to Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepus", + "genus Lepus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Leporidae: hares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hare" + ], + "it": [ + "lepre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leveret" + ], + "it": [ + "leprotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young hare especially one in its first year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European hare", + "Lepus europaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lepus europaeus", + "lepre comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hare introduced in North America; does not turn white in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackrabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hare of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-tailed jackrabbit", + "whitetail jackrabbit", + "Lepus townsendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest hare of northern plains and western mountains of United States; brownish-grey in summer and pale grey in winter; tail nearly always all white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacktail jackrabbit", + "Lepus californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common jackrabbit of grasslands and open areas of western United States; has large black-tipped ears and black streak on the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar hare", + "Arctic hare", + "Lepus arcticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lepus arcticus", + "lepre variabile artica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hare of northern North America; it is almost completely white in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowshoe hare", + "snowshoe rabbit", + "varying hare", + "Lepus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large large-footed North American hare; white in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian hare", + "leporide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red breed of domestic rabbits; hybrid between Old World rabbit and hare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angora", + "Angora rabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic breed of rabbit with long white silky hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochotonidae", + "family Ochotonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pikas and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pika", + "mouse hare", + "rock rabbit", + "coney", + "cony" + ], + "it": [ + "lepre stimolante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small short-eared burrowing mammal of rocky uplands of Asia and western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochotona", + "genus Ochotona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ochotonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little chief hare", + "Ochotona princeps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American pika" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collared pika", + "Ochotona collaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to little chief hare and may be same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rodentia", + "order Rodentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small gnawing animals: porcupines; rats; mice; squirrels; marmots; beavers; gophers; voles; hamsters; guinea pigs; agoutis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rodent", + "gnawer" + ], + "it": [ + "roditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small placental mammals having a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse" + ], + "it": [ + "topo", + "sorcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myomorpha", + "suborder Myomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true rats and mice and related rodents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muroidea", + "superfamily Muroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superfamily of rodents essentially equal to the suborder Myomorpha but with the Dipodidae excluded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ], + "it": [ + "ratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rodents with cheek pouches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muridae", + "family Muridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally Old World rats now distributed worldwide; distinguished from the Cricetidae by typically lacking cheek pouches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rodent that is a member of the family Muridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mus", + "genus Mus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Muridae: common house mice; the tips of the upper incisors have a square notch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house mouse", + "Mus musculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mus musculus", + "topo comune", + "topo dei granai", + "topo domestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish-grey Old World mouse now a common household pest worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micromyx", + "genus Micromyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World harvest mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest mouse", + "Micromyx minutus" + ], + "it": [ + "Micromyx minutus", + "topolino delle risaie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small reddish-brown Eurasian mouse inhabiting e.g. cornfields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apodemus", + "genus Apodemus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World field mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field mouse", + "fieldmouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any nocturnal Old World mouse of the genus Apodemus inhabiting woods and fields and gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mouse with a genetic defect that prevents them from growing hair and also prevents them from immunologically rejecting human cells and tissues; widely used in preclinical trials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European wood mouse", + "Apodemus sylvaticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Apodemus sylvaticus", + "topo selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal yellowish-brown mouse inhabiting woods and fields and gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rattus", + "genus Rattus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common house rats; upper incisors have a beveled edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown rat", + "Norway rat", + "Rattus norvegicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rattus norvegicus", + "ratto di fogna", + "ratto grigio", + "surmolotto", + "surmulotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common domestic rat; serious pest worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown rat that infests wharves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewer rat" + ], + "it": [ + "zoccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown rat commonly found in sewers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black rat", + "roof rat", + "Rattus rattus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rattus rattus", + "ratto dei tetti", + "ratto nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common household pest originally from Asia that has spread worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nesokia", + "genus Nesokia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandicoot rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandicoot rat", + "mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing scaly-tailed rat of India and Ceylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conilurus", + "genus Conilurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jerboa rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerboa rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australian rat with hind legs adapted for leaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Notomys", + "genus Notomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jerboa rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaping rodent of Australian desert areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydromyinae", + "subfamily Hydromyinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water rats of Australia and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydromys", + "genus Hydromys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water rat" + ], + "it": [ + "topo d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various amphibious rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amphibious rat of Australia and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cricetidae", + "family Cricetidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly small New World rodents including New World mice and lemmings and voles and hamsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of rodent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reithrodontomys", + "genus Reithrodontomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World harvest mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American harvest mouse", + "harvest mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small greyish New World mice inhabiting e.g. grain fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peromyscus", + "genus Peromyscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World wood mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various New World woodland mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-footed mouse", + "vesper mouse", + "Peromyscus leucopus" + ], + "it": [ + "Peromyscus leucopus", + "roditore di riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American woodland mouse with white feet and underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer mouse", + "Peromyscus maniculatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Peromyscus maniculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brownish New World mouse; most widely distributed member of the genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cactus mouse", + "Peromyscus eremicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Peromyscus eremicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing mouse of desert areas of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton mouse", + "Peromyscus gossypinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark mouse of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baiomys", + "genus Baiomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pygmy mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy mouse", + "Baiomys taylori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small dark greyish brown mouse resembling a house mouse; of Texas and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onychomys", + "genus Onychomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasshopper mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasshopper mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous mouse of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ondatra", + "genus Ondatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muskrats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskrat", + "musquash", + "Ondatra zibethica" + ], + "it": [ + "Ondatra zibethica", + "ondatra", + "rat musquè", + "ratto muschiato", + "topo muschiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beaver-like aquatic rodent of North America with dark glossy brown fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neofiber", + "genus Neofiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round-tailed muskrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-tailed muskrat", + "Florida water rat", + "Neofiber alleni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Florida wetlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sigmodon", + "genus Sigmodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American cotton rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton rat", + "Sigmodon hispidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructive long-haired burrowing rat of southern North America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood rat", + "wood-rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small short-tailed rodents of the northern hemisphere having soft fur grey above and white below with furred tails and large ears; some are hosts for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusky-footed wood rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood rat with dusky feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vole", + "field mouse" + ], + "it": [ + "arvicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small mouselike rodents of the family Cricetidae (especially of genus Microtus) having a stout short-tailed body and inconspicuous ears and inhabiting fields or meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neotoma", + "genus Neotoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "packrats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packrat", + "pack rat", + "trade rat", + "bushytail woodrat", + "Neotoma cinerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bushy-tailed rodents of the genus Neotoma of western North America; hoards food and other objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusky-footed woodrat", + "Neotoma fuscipes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "host to Lyme disease tick (Ixodes pacificus) in northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern woodrat", + "Neotoma floridana" + ], + "it": [ + "Neotoma floridana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large greyish-brown wood rat of the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oryzomys", + "genus Oryzomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice rat", + "Oryzomys palustris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy agile rat of grassy marshes of Mexico and the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitymys", + "genus Pitymys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pine mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine vole", + "pine mouse", + "Pitymys pinetorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed glossy-furred burrowing vole of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microtus", + "genus Microtus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voles of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow vole", + "meadow mouse", + "Microtus pennsylvaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in grasslands of northern United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water vole", + "Richardson vole", + "Microtus richardsoni" + ], + "it": [ + "Microtus richardsoni", + "arvicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie vole", + "Microtus ochrogaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical vole of the extended prairie region of central United States and southern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arvicola", + "genus Arvicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered synonymous with Microtus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water vole", + "water rat", + "Arvicola amphibius" + ], + "it": [ + "Arvicola amphibius", + "arvicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common large Eurasian vole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clethrionomys", + "genus Clethrionomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cricetidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-backed mouse", + "redback vole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several voles of mountainous regions of Eurasia and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Phenacomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American voles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenacomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several vole-like terrestrial or arboreal rodents of cold forested regions of Canada and western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cricetus", + "genus Cricetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cricetidae: Old World hamsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamster" + ], + "it": [ + "Hamster", + "criceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed Old World burrowing rodent with large cheek pouches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian hamster", + "Cricetus cricetus" + ], + "it": [ + "criceto comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of hamster common to Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesocricetus", + "genus Mesocricetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden hamsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden hamster", + "Syrian hamster", + "Mesocricetus auratus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mesocricetus auratus", + "criceto dorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small light-colored hamster often kept as a pet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerbillinae", + "subfamily Gerbillinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gerbils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerbillus", + "genus Gerbillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gerbillinae: typical gerbils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerbil", + "gerbille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World burrowing desert rodent with long soft pale fur and hind legs adapted for leaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meriones", + "genus Meriones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cricetidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gerbil of northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarisk gerbil", + "Meriones unguiculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gerbil that is popular as a pet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand rat", + "Meriones longifrons" + ], + "it": [ + "Meriones longifrons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern European gerbil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various short-tailed furry-footed rodents of circumpolar distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemmus", + "genus lemmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lemmings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European lemming", + "Lemmus lemmus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lemmus lemmus", + "lemming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notable for mass migrations even into the sea where many drown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown lemming", + "Lemmus trimucronatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northwestern Canada and Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myopus", + "genus Myopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cricetidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey lemming", + "gray lemming", + "red-backed lemming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World lemming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicrostonyx", + "genus Dicrostonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pied lemmings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pied lemming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American lemming having a white winter coat and some claws much enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson bay collared lemming", + "Dicrostonyx hudsonius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synaptomys", + "genus Synaptomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog lemmings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern bog lemming", + "Synaptomys cooperi" + ], + "it": [ + "Synaptomys cooperi", + "lemming del sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of low bogs and meadows of northeastern and central United States and southern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern bog lemming", + "Synaptomys borealis" + ], + "it": [ + "Synaptomys borealis", + "lemming del nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of wet alpine and subalpine meadows of Canada and Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hystricomorpha", + "suborder Hystricomorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of rodents including: porcupines; guinea pigs; chinchillas; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porcupine", + "hedgehog" + ], + "it": [ + "istrice", + "porcospino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively large rodents with sharp erectile bristles mingled with the fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hystricidae", + "family Hystricidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World porcupines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World porcupine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial porcupine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atherurus", + "genus Atherurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hystricidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush-tailed porcupine", + "brush-tail porcupine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porcupine with a tuft of large beaded bristles on the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichys", + "genus Trichys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hystricidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed porcupine", + "Trichys lipura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porcupine of Borneo and Sumatra having short spines and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World porcupine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal porcupine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erethizontidae", + "family Erethizontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World arboreal porcupines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erethizon", + "genus Erethizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Erethizontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada porcupine", + "Erethizon dorsatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Erethizon dorsatum", + "ursone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porcupine of northeastern North America with barbed spines concealed in the coarse fur; often gnaws buildings for salt and grease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heteromyidae", + "family Heteromyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small New World burrowing mouselike rodents with fur-lined cheek pouches and hind limbs and tail adapted to leaping; adapted to desert conditions: pocket mice; kangaroo mice; kangaroo rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small nocturnal burrowing desert rodents with cheek pouches and long hind legs and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perognathus", + "genus Perognathus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pocket mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky pocket mouse", + "Perognathus flavus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pale yellowish soft-furred rodent of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plains pocket mouse", + "Perognathus flavescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rodent of open areas of United States plains states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hispid pocket mouse", + "Perognathus hispidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large stiff-haired rodent of shortgrass prairies of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liomys", + "genus Liomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pocket mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican pocket mouse", + "Liomys irroratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pocket mouse of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipodomys", + "genus Dipodomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo rat", + "desert rat", + "Dipodomys phillipsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various leaping rodents of desert regions of North America and Mexico; largest members of the family Heteromyidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ord kangaroo rat", + "Dipodomys ordi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most widely distributed kangaroo rat: plains and mountain areas of central and western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microdipodops", + "genus Microdipodops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo mouse", + "dwarf pocket rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silky-haired pouched rodent; similar to but smaller than kangaroo rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zapodidae", + "family Zapodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumping mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several primitive mouselike rodents with long hind legs and no cheek pouches; of woodlands of Eurasia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zapus", + "genus Zapus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Zapodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow jumping mouse", + "Zapus hudsonius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed in northeastern and central United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipodidae", + "family Dipodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World jerboas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipus", + "genus Dipus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dipodidae; typical jerboas having three toes on each hind foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mouselike jumping rodent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typical jerboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nocturnal jumping rodent with long hind legs; of arid parts of Asia and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaculus", + "genus Jaculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jerboas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaculus jaculus" + ], + "it": [ + "Jaculus jaculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of jerboa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gliridae", + "family Gliridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dormice and other Old World forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormouse" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small furry-tailed squirrel-like Old World rodent that becomes torpid in cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glis", + "genus Glis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gliridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loir", + "Glis glis" + ], + "it": [ + "Glis glis", + "ghiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European dormouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscardinus", + "genus Muscardinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Gliridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazel mouse", + "Muscardinus avellanarius" + ], + "it": [ + "moscardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of dormouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eliomys", + "genus Eliomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lerots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lerot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dormouse of southern Europe and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geomyidae", + "family Geomyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American pocket gophers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geomys", + "genus Geomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Geomyidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gopher", + "pocket gopher", + "pouched rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing rodent of the family Geomyidae having large external cheek pouches; of Central America and southwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plains pocket gopher", + "Geomys bursarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Geomys bursarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gopher of chiefly grasslands of central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeastern pocket gopher", + "Geomys pinetis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gopher of Alabama and Georgia and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomomys", + "genus Thomomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western pocket gophers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valley pocket gopher", + "Thomomys bottae" + ], + "it": [ + "Thomomys bottae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of valleys and mountain meadows of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern pocket gopher", + "Thomomys talpoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Thomomys talpoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish to brown gopher of western and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciuromorpha", + "suborder Sciuromorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large more or less primitive rodents: squirrels; marmots; gophers; beavers; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel" + ], + "it": [ + "scoiattolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree squirrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any typical arboreal squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciuridae", + "family Sciuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mammal family of true squirrels including: ground squirrels; marmots; chipmunks; flying squirrels; spermophiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciurus", + "genus Sciurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sciuridae; typical moderate-sized arboreal squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern grey squirrel", + "eastern gray squirrel", + "cat squirrel", + "Sciurus carolinensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Sciurus carolinensis", + "scoiattolo grigio nordamericano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common medium-large squirrel of eastern North America; now introduced into England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western grey squirrel", + "western gray squirrel", + "Sciurus griseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sciurus griseus", + "scoiattolo grigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large grey squirrel of far western areas of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox squirrel", + "eastern fox squirrel", + "Sciurus niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Sciurus niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exceptionally large arboreal squirrel of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black squirrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fox squirrel or grey squirrel in the black color phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red squirrel", + "cat squirrel", + "Sciurus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Sciurus vulgaris", + "scoiattolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common reddish-brown squirrel of Europe and parts of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamiasciurus", + "genus Tamiasciurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American red squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American red squirrel", + "spruce squirrel", + "red squirrel", + "Sciurus hudsonicus", + "Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of northern United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickeree", + "Douglas squirrel", + "Tamiasciurus douglasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "far western United States counterpart of the red squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citellus", + "genus Citellus", + "Spermophilus", + "genus Spermophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical ground squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antelope squirrel", + "whitetail antelope squirrel", + "antelope chipmunk", + "Citellus leucurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ground squirrel of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground squirrel", + "gopher", + "spermophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various terrestrial burrowing rodents of Old and New Worlds; often destroy crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantled ground squirrel", + "Citellus lateralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common black-striped reddish-brown ground squirrel of western North America; resembles a large chipmunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suslik", + "souslik", + "Citellus citellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Citellus citellus", + "citello", + "suslik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rather large central Eurasian ground squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flickertail", + "Richardson ground squirrel", + "Citellus richardsoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of sagebrush and grassland areas of western United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock squirrel", + "Citellus variegatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Citellus variegatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large grey ground squirrel of rocky areas of the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic ground squirrel", + "parka squirrel", + "Citellus parryi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ground squirrel of the North American far north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynomys", + "genus Cynomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prairie dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie dog", + "prairie marmot" + ], + "it": [ + "cane delle praterie", + "cinomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several rodents of North American prairies living in large complex burrows having a barking cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacktail prairie dog", + "Cynomys ludovicianus" + ], + "it": [ + "cane di prateria dalla coda nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tail is black tipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitetail prairie dog", + "Cynomys gunnisoni" + ], + "it": [ + "Cynomys gunnisoni", + "cane della prateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tail is white tipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamias", + "genus Tamias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chipmunks of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern chipmunk", + "hackee", + "striped squirrel", + "ground squirrel", + "Tamias striatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tamias striatus", + "tamia", + "topo di russia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small striped semiterrestrial eastern American squirrel with cheek pouches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eutamias", + "genus Eutamias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chipmunks of western America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chipmunk" + ], + "it": [ + "tamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrowing ground squirrel of western America and Asia; has cheek pouches and a light and dark stripe running down the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronduki", + "baranduki", + "barunduki", + "burunduki", + "Eutamius asiaticus", + "Eutamius sibiricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial Siberian squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glaucomys", + "genus Glaucomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World flying squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American flying squirrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World flying squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern flying squirrel", + "Glaucomys volans" + ], + "it": [ + "Glaucomys volans", + "scoiattolo volante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small large-eyed nocturnal flying squirrel of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern flying squirrel", + "Glaucomys sabrinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flying squirrel; chiefly of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marmota", + "genus Marmota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marmots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmot" + ], + "it": [ + "marmotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky coarse-furred burrowing rodent with a short bushy tail found throughout the northern hemisphere; hibernates in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundhog", + "woodchuck", + "Marmota monax" + ], + "it": [ + "Marmota monax", + "marmotta americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish brown North American marmot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary marmot", + "whistler", + "whistling marmot", + "Marmota caligata" + ], + "it": [ + "Marmota caligata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American mountain marmot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowbelly marmot", + "rockchuck", + "Marmota flaviventris" + ], + "it": [ + "Marmota flaviventris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petauristidae", + "subfamily Petauristidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World flying squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic flying squirrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal rodent of Asia having furry folds of skin between forelegs and hind legs enabling it to move by gliding leaps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petaurista", + "genus Petaurista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large Asiatic flying squirrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taguan", + "flying marmot", + "flying cat", + "Petaurista petaurista" + ], + "it": [ + "taguan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian flying squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castoridae", + "family Castoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beavers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castor", + "genus Castor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Castoridae: beavers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver" + ], + "it": [ + "castoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World beaver", + "Castor fiber" + ], + "it": [ + "Castor fiber", + "castoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European variety of beaver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World beaver", + "Castor canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Castor canadensis", + "castoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of beaver found in almost all areas of North America except Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castoroides", + "genus Castoroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct beavers of the Pleistocene; of eastern and southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aplodontiidae", + "family Aplodontiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain beavers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aplodontia", + "genus Aplodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Aplodontiidae: comprising the mountain beavers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain beaver", + "sewellel", + "Aplodontia rufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulky nocturnal burrowing rodent of uplands of the Pacific coast of North America; the most primitive living rodent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caviidae", + "family Caviidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Hystricomorpha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cavia", + "genus Cavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Caviidae: guinea pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavy" + ], + "it": [ + "cavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed rough-haired South American rodent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea pig", + "Cavia cobaya" + ], + "it": [ + "Cavia cobaya", + "cavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied nearly tailless domesticated cavy; often kept as a pet and widely used in research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aperea", + "wild cavy", + "Cavia porcellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cavia porcellus", + "porcellino-d'India" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American cavy; possibly ancestral to the domestic guinea pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dolichotis", + "genus Dolichotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i47999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mara", + "Dolichotis patagonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hare-like rodent of the pampas of Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrochoeridae", + "family Hydrochoeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capybara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrochoerus", + "genus Hydrochoerus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hydrochoeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capybara", + "capibara", + "Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris" + ], + "it": [ + "Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris", + "capibara", + "capivara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pig-sized tailless South American amphibious rodent with partly webbed feet; largest living rodent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyproctidae", + "family Dasyproctidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agoutis and pacas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasyprocta", + "genus Dasyprocta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dasyproctidae: agoutis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agouti", + "Dasyprocta aguti" + ], + "it": [ + "Dasyprocta aguti", + "aguti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agile long-legged rabbit-sized rodent of Central America and South America and the West Indies; valued as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuniculus", + "genus Cuniculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pacas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paca", + "Cuniculus paca" + ], + "it": [ + "Cuniculus paca", + "paca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large burrowing rodent of South America and Central America; highly esteemed as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stictomys", + "genus Stictomys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain pacas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain paca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rodent of mountains of western South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capromyidae", + "family Capromyidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coypus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myocastor", + "genus Myocastor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Capromyidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coypu", + "nutria", + "Myocastor coypus" + ], + "it": [ + "Myocastor coypus", + "castorino", + "miopotamo", + "nutria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic South American rodent resembling a small beaver; bred for its fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinchillidae", + "family Chinchillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bushy-tailed South American burrowing rodents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chinchilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chinchillidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinchilla", + "Chinchilla laniger" + ], + "it": [ + "Chinchilla laniger", + "cincilla", + "cincillà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rodent with soft pearly grey fur; native to the Andes but bred in captivity for fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagidium", + "genus Lagidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Chinchillidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain chinchilla", + "mountain viscacha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rodent native to the mountains of Chile and Peru and now bred in captivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagostomus", + "genus Lagostomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscachas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscacha", + "chinchillon", + "Lagostomus maximus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lagostomus maximus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gregarious burrowing rodent larger than the chinchillas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abrocoma", + "genus Abrocoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abrocomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrocome", + "chinchilla rat", + "rat chinchilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratlike rodent with soft fur and large ears of the Andes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spalacidae", + "family Spalacidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mole rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spalax", + "genus Spalax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Spalacidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furry short-limbed tailless rodent resembling a true mole in habits and appearance; of eastern Europe and Middle East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bathyergidae", + "family Bathyergidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mole rats; sand rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bathyergus", + "genus Bathyergus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mole rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African rodent resembling a mole in habits and appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterocephalus", + "genus Heterocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nearly naked African mole rat of desert areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naked mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fetal-looking colonial rodent of East Africa; neither mole nor rat; they feed on tubers and have a social structure similar to that of honeybees and termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen", + "queen mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially large mole rat and the only member of a colony of naked mole rats to bear offspring which are sired by only a few males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damaraland mole rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colonial mole rat of western Africa; similar to naked mole rat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an udder or breast or teat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "udder", + "bag" + ], + "it": [ + "mammella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mammary gland of bovids (cows and sheep and goats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ungulata" + ], + "it": [ + "ungulati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising all hoofed mammals; now divided into the orders Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ungulate", + "hoofed mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of mammals with hooves that are superficially similar but not necessarily closely related taxonomically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unguiculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising mammals with nails or claws; distinguished from hoofed mammals and cetaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unguiculate", + "unguiculate mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mammal having nails or claws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinocerata", + "order Dinocerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of primitive ungulates of the Paleocene and Eocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uintatheriidae", + "family Uintatheriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct family of Dinocerata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uintatherium", + "genus Uintatherium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Uintatheriidae; extinct large herbivorous ungulates somewhat resembling elephants; from the Eocene in Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinocerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct ungulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinoceras", + "uintathere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of dinocerate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyracoidea", + "order Hyracoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyraxes and some extinct animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procaviidae", + "family Procaviidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes all recent members of the order Hyracoidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyrax", + "coney", + "cony", + "dassie", + "das" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procavia", + "genus Procavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Procaviidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock hyrax", + "rock rabbit", + "Procavia capensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Procavia capensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hyrax that lives in rocky areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perissodactyla", + "order Perissodactyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros; extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odd-toed ungulate", + "perissodactyl", + "perissodactyl mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "placental mammals having hooves with an odd number of toes on each foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equidae", + "family Equidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horses; asses; zebras; extinct animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equus", + "genus Equus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Equidae: only surviving genus of the family Equidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equine", + "equid" + ], + "it": [ + "equino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse", + "Equus caballus" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo", + "Equus caballus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrupede domestico di grossa taglia, con lunghi arti terminanti in uno solo dito protetto da uno spesso zoccolo, testa allungata, criniera e folta coda, largamente diffuso, allevato per vari scopi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roan" + ], + "it": [ + "roano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse having a brownish coat thickly sprinkled with white or gray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stablemate", + "stable companion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse stabled with another or one of several horses owned by the same person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyracotherium", + "genus Hyracotherium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct horse genus; formerly called eohippus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gee-gee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word for horse used by children or in adult slang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eohippus", + "dawn horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earliest horse; extinct primitive dog-sized four-toed Eocene animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mesohippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Equidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesohippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American three-toed Oligocene animal; probably not directly ancestral to modern horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Protohippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Equidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protohippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pliocene horse approaching donkeys in size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foal" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filly" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallina", + "puledra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young female horse under the age of four" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colt" + ], + "it": [ + "puledro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young male horse under the age of four" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male of species Equus caballus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridgeling", + "ridgling", + "ridgel", + "ridgil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colt with undescended testicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stallion", + "entire" + ], + "it": [ + "stallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncastrated adult male horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud", + "studhorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male horse kept for breeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelding" + ], + "it": [ + "castrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "castrated male horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare", + "female horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalla", + "giumenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female equine animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broodmare", + "stud mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female horse used for breeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle horse", + "riding horse", + "mount" + ], + "it": [ + "alfana", + "cavalcatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight horse kept for riding only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fresh horse especially (formerly) to replace one killed or injured in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palfrey" + ], + "it": [ + "palafreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "especially a light saddle horse for a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warhorse" + ], + "it": [ + "corsiere", + "corsiero", + "destriere", + "destriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse used in war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalry horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse trained for battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charger", + "courser" + ], + "it": [ + "destriere", + "destriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a strong swift horse ridden into battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steed" + ], + "it": [ + "destriere", + "destriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(literary) a spirited horse for state or war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mettlesome or fiery horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ], + "it": [ + "brenna", + "bucefalo", + "ronzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saddle horse used for transportation rather than sport etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light saddle horse trained for herding cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small powerful horse originally bred for sprinting in quarter-mile races in Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American breed of small compact saddle horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tennessee walker", + "Tennessee walking horse", + "Walking horse", + "Plantation walking horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse marked by stamina and trained to move at a fast running walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American saddle horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-stepping horse originating in Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appaloosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Appaloosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hardy breed of saddle horse developed in western North America and characteristically having a spotted rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian", + "Arab" + ], + "it": [ + "arabo", + "cavallo arabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirited graceful and intelligent riding horse native to Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lippizan", + "Lipizzan", + "Lippizaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact and sturdy saddle horse that is bred and trained in Vienna; smart and docile and excellent for dressage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range horse of the western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polo pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small agile horse specially bred and trained for playing polo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronco", + "bronc", + "broncho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbroken or imperfectly broken mustang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucking bronco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild horse that is vicious and difficult or impossible to break in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckskin" + ], + "it": [ + "buckskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse of a light yellowish dun color with dark mane and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowbait", + "crow-bait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emaciated horse likely soon to become carrion and so attractive to crows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse of a dull brownish grey color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey", + "gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse of a light gray or whitish color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undomesticated or feral domestic horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarpan", + "Equus caballus gomelini" + ], + "it": [ + "tarpan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European wild horse extinct since the early 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrigal", + "warragal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian wild horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Przewalski's horse", + "Przevalski's horse", + "Equus caballus przewalskii", + "Equus caballus przevalskii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild horse of central Asia that resembles an ass; now endangered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cayuse", + "Indian pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small native range horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse kept for hire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "jade", + "nag", + "plug" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalluccio", + "ronzinante", + "ronzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old or over-worked horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plow horse", + "plough horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse used to pull a plow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony" + ], + "it": [ + "pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various breeds of small gentle horses usually less than five feet high at the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shetland pony" + ], + "it": [ + "pony delle Shetland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of very small pony with long shaggy mane and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of small ponies originally from Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exmoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky breed of pony with a fawn-colored nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racehorse", + "race horse", + "bangtail" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo da corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse bred for racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse belonging to a breed that originated from a cross between Arabian stallions and English mares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sir Barton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1919" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallant Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1930" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omaha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1935" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War Admiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1937" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whirlaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1941" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Count Fleet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1943" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1948" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretariat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1973" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seattle Slew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1977" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Affirmed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1978" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeplechaser" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolista", + "saltatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse trained to run in steeplechases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that wins in a contest of speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony" + ], + "it": [ + "pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a racehorse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yearling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse considered one year old until the second Jan. 1 following its birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-year-old horse", + "two year old" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse that is two years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-year-old horse", + "three year old" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse that is three years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse about which little is known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racehorse that runs well on a muddy racetrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonstarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse that fails to run in a race for which it has been entered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalking-horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse used for pulling vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky short-legged harness horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hackney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact breed of harness horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workhorse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cavallo da lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse used for plowing and hauling and other heavy labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft horse", + "draught horse", + "dray horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horse adapted for drawing heavy loads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packhorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workhorse used as a pack animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carthorse", + "cart horse", + "drayhorse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cavallo da tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draft horse kept for pulling carts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clydesdale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy feathered-legged breed of draft horse originally from Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percheron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a breed of grey or black draft horses originally used in France to draw heavy coaches or artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm horse", + "dobbin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quiet plodding workhorse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shire", + "shire horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British breed of large heavy draft horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole horse", + "poler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft horse harnessed alongside the shaft or pole of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel horse", + "wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a draft horse harnessed behind others and nearest the wheels of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post horse", + "post-horse", + "poster" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo di posta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse kept at an inn or post house for use by mail carriers or for rent to travelers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong draft horse for drawing coaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse trained to a special gait in which both feet on one side leave the ground together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacer", + "pacemaker", + "pacesetter" + ], + "it": [ + "battistrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse used to set the pace in racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trotting horse", + "trotter" + ], + "it": [ + "trottatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse trained to trot; especially a horse trained for harness racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horse having a starting position next to the inside rail in a harness race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepper", + "high stepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse trained to lift its feet high off the ground while walking or trotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut" + ], + "it": [ + "baio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark golden-brown or reddish-brown horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid dark brown horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay" + ], + "it": [ + "baio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse of a moderate reddish-brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrel" + ], + "it": [ + "sauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse of a brownish orange to light brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palomino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse of light tan or golden color with cream-colored or white mane and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spotted or calico horse or pony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ass" + ], + "it": [ + "asino", + "ciuco", + "somaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy and sure-footed animal smaller and with longer ears than the horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic ass", + "donkey", + "Equus asinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus asinus", + "asino", + "ciuco", + "somaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic beast of burden descended from the African wild ass; patient but stubborn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small donkey used as a pack animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British informal for donkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack", + "jackass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male donkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jennet", + "jenny", + "jenny ass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female donkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mule" + ], + "it": [ + "mulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinny" + ], + "it": [ + "bardotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid offspring of a male horse and a female donkey or ass; usually sterile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild ass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several equine mammals of Asia and northeast Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African wild ass", + "Equus asinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus asinus", + "asino domestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild ass of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiang", + "Equus kiang" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus kiang", + "kiang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ass of Tibet and Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onager", + "Equus hemionus" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus hemionus", + "onagro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic wild ass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chigetai", + "dziggetai", + "Equus hemionus hemionus" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus hemionus hemionus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian wild ass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebra" + ], + "it": [ + "zebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fleet black-and-white striped African equines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common zebra", + "Burchell's zebra", + "Equus Burchelli" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus Burchelli", + "zebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of the plains of central and eastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain zebra", + "Equus zebra zebra" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus zebra zebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow-striped nearly extinct zebra of southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grevy's zebra", + "Equus grevyi" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus grevyi", + "zebra-di Grevy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "zebra with less continuous stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quagga", + "Equus quagga" + ], + "it": [ + "Equus quagga", + "quagga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mammal of South Africa that resembled a zebra; extinct since late 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhinocerotidae", + "family Rhinocerotidae", + "rhinoceros family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhinoceroses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinoceros", + "rhino" + ], + "it": [ + "rinoceronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rhinoceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Rhinocerotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian rhinoceros", + "Rhinoceros unicornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having one horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly rhinoceros", + "Rhinoceros antiquitatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct thick-haired species of Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratotherium", + "genus Ceratotherium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white rhinoceros", + "Ceratotherium simum", + "Diceros simus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ceratotherium simum", + "rinoceronte bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large light-grey African rhinoceros having two horns; endangered; sometimes placed in genus Diceros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diceros", + "genus Diceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most common species in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black rhinoceros", + "Diceros bicornis" + ], + "it": [ + "Diceros bicornis", + "rinoceronte nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African rhino; in danger of extinction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tapiridae", + "family Tapiridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tapirs and extinct related forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tapirus", + "genus Tapirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tapiridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapir" + ], + "it": [ + "tapiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large inoffensive chiefly nocturnal ungulate of tropical America and southeast Asia having a heavy body and fleshy snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World tapir", + "Tapirus terrestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tapir found in South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malayan tapir", + "Indian tapir", + "Tapirus indicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tapir found in Malaya and Sumatra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artiodactyla", + "order Artiodactyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of hooved mammals of the subclass Eutheria (including pigs and peccaries and hippopotami and members of the suborder Ruminantia) having an even number of functional toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "even-toed ungulate", + "artiodactyl", + "artiodactyl mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "placental mammal having hooves with an even number of functional toes on each foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suidae", + "family Suidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigs; hogs; boars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swine" + ], + "it": [ + "maiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sus", + "genus Sus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Suidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog", + "pig", + "grunter", + "squealer", + "Sus scrofa" + ], + "it": [ + "Sus scrofa", + "porco", + "maiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domestic swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piglet", + "piggy", + "shoat", + "shote" + ], + "it": [ + "maialino", + "porcellino", + "porcello", + "suinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucking pig" + ], + "it": [ + "lattone", + "lattonzo", + "lattonzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unweaned piglet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pig fattened to provide meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boar" + ], + "it": [ + "verro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncastrated male hog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow" + ], + "it": [ + "porca", + "scrofa", + "troia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult female hog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razorback", + "razorback hog", + "razorbacked hog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mongrel hog with a thin body and long legs and a ridged back; a wild or semi-wild descendant of improved breeds; found chiefly in the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild boar", + "boar", + "Sus scrofa" + ], + "it": [ + "Sus scrofa", + "cinghiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babyrousa", + "genus Babyrousa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Suidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babirusa", + "babiroussa", + "babirussa", + "Babyrousa Babyrussa" + ], + "it": [ + "Babyrousa Babyrussa", + "babirusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian wild pig with enormous curved canine teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phacochoerus", + "genus Phacochoerus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warthogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warthog" + ], + "it": [ + "facocero", + "facochero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African wild swine with warty protuberances on the face and large protruding tusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tayassuidae", + "family Tayassuidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peccaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tayassu", + "genus Tayassu", + "genus Pecari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tayassuidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peccary", + "musk hog" + ], + "it": [ + "pecari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal gregarious pig-like wild animals of North America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collared peccary", + "javelina", + "Tayassu angulatus", + "Tayassu tajacu", + "Peccari angulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark grey peccary with an indistinct white collar; of semi desert areas of Mexico and southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-lipped peccary", + "Tayassu pecari" + ], + "it": [ + "Tayassu pecari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish peccary with whitish cheeks; larger than the collared peccary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiacoan peccary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recently discovered large wild pig of Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippopotamidae", + "family Hippopotamidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hippopotami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hippopotamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hippopotamidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hippopotamus", + "hippo", + "river horse", + "Hippopotamus amphibius" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippopotamus amphibius", + "ippopotamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive thick-skinned herbivorous animal living in or around rivers of tropical Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruminantia", + "suborder Ruminantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cattle; bison; sheep; goats; antelopes; deer; chevrotains; giraffes; camels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruminant" + ], + "it": [ + "ruminante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumen", + "first stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "rumine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; here food is collected and returned to the mouth as cud for chewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulum", + "second stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "reticolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second compartment of the stomach of a ruminant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psalterium", + "omasum", + "third stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "omaso", + "salterio", + "libro", + "centopelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third compartment of the stomach of a ruminant" + ], + "it": [ + "terza parte dello stomaco composto dei ruminanti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abomasum", + "fourth stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "abomaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; the one where digestion takes place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bovidae", + "family Bovidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true antelopes; cattle; oxen; sheep; goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bovid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow-horned ruminants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bovinae", + "subfamily Bovinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term not used technically; essentially coextensive with genus Bos: cattle; buffalo; and sometimes includes kudu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bovini", + "tribe Bovini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term not used technically; essentially coextensive with genus Bos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bos", + "genus Bos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild and domestic cattle; in some classifications placed in the subfamily Bovinae or tribe Bovini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bovine" + ], + "it": [ + "bovino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various members of the genus Bos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ox", + "wild ox" + ], + "it": [ + "bove", + "bue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various wild bovines especially of the genera Bos or closely related Bibos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle", + "cows", + "kine", + "oxen", + "Bos taurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bos taurus", + "bestiame", + "bue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ox" + ], + "it": [ + "bue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yearling heifer or bullock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullock", + "steer" + ], + "it": [ + "manzo", + "torello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "castrated bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ], + "it": [ + "toro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow", + "moo-cow" + ], + "it": [ + "mucca", + "vacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female of domestic cattle" + ], + "it": [ + "femmina di un tipo di bestiame domestico", + "vacca da latte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springer", + "springing cow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cow about to give birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heifer" + ], + "it": [ + "giovenca", + "manza", + "vacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullock" + ], + "it": [ + "manzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogie", + "dogy", + "leppy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motherless calf in a range herd of cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maverick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbranded range animal (especially a stray calf); belongs to the first person who puts a brand on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef", + "beef cattle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bovini da macello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cattle that are reared for their meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longhorn", + "Texas longhorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-horned beef cattle formerly common in southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahman", + "Brahma", + "Brahmin", + "Bos indicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several breeds of Indian cattle; especially a large American heat and tick resistant greyish humped breed evolved in the Gulf States by interbreeding Indian cattle and now used chiefly for crossbreeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebu" + ], + "it": [ + "zebù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domesticated ox having a humped back and long horns and a large dewlap; used chiefly as a draft animal in India and east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurochs", + "urus", + "Bos primigenius" + ], + "it": [ + "uro", + "urus", + "Bos primigenius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large recently extinct long-horned European wild ox; considered one of the ancestors of domestic cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yak", + "Bos grunniens" + ], + "it": [ + "Bos grunniens", + "yak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-haired wild ox of Tibet often domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banteng", + "banting", + "tsine", + "Bos banteng" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ox of the Malay Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh", + "Welsh Black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of dual-purpose cattle developed in Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornless short-haired breed of beef and dairy cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Gertrudis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brahman and shorthorn crossbreed of red cattle; hardy in hot regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdeen Angus", + "Angus", + "black Angus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black hornless breed from Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Africander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall large-horned humped cattle of South Africa; used for meat or draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairy cattle", + "dairy cow", + "milch cow", + "milk cow", + "milcher", + "milker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cattle that are reared for their milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ayrshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy breed of dairy cattle from Ayr, Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brown Swiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hardy brown breed of dairy cattle from Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charolais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white or cream-colored breed from France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jersey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of diary cattle developed on the island of Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Devon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red dual-purpose cattle of English origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of cattle produced by crossbreeding with a superior breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durham", + "shorthorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English breed of short-horned cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milking shorthorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed evolved from shorthorn beef cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galloway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of hardy black chiefly beef cattle native to Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friesian", + "Holstein", + "Holstein-Friesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breed of dairy cattle from northern Holland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guernsey" + ], + "it": [ + "mucca di Guernsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed of dairy cattle from the island of Guernsey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hereford", + "whiteface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy English breed of dairy cattle raised extensively in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattalo", + "beefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy breed of cattle resulting from crossing domestic cattle with the American buffalo; yields leaner beef than conventional breeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World buffalo", + "buffalo" + ], + "it": [ + "Old World buffalo", + "bufalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffalo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bubalus", + "genus Bubalus", + "tribe Bubalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classification systems included in genus Bos; water buffaloes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water buffalo", + "water ox", + "Asiatic buffalo", + "Bubalus bubalis" + ], + "it": [ + "bufalo", + "bufalo indiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian buffalo that is often domesticated for use as a draft animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian buffalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upland buffalo of eastern Asia where true water buffaloes do not thrive; used for draft and milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carabao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water buffalo of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of mammals of the family Bovidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoa", + "dwarf buffalo", + "Anoa depressicornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small buffalo of the Celebes having small straight horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarau", + "tamarao", + "Bubalus mindorensis", + "Anoa mindorensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Bubalus mindorensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small buffalo of Mindoro in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synercus", + "genus Synercus", + "tribe synercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cape buffalo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape buffalo", + "Synercus caffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large often savage buffalo of southern Africa having upward-curving horns; mostly in game reserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bibos", + "genus Bibos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian wild ox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic wild oxen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaur", + "Bibos gaurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bibos gaurus", + "gaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ox of mountainous areas of eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gayal", + "mithan", + "Bibos frontalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ox of southeast Asia sometimes considered a domesticated breed of the gaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes considered a subgenus of genus Bos: American buffalo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bison" + ], + "it": [ + "bisonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large humped bovids having shaggy manes and large heads and short horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American bison", + "American buffalo", + "buffalo", + "Bison bison" + ], + "it": [ + "American bison", + "bufalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisent", + "aurochs", + "Bison bonasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bison bonasus", + "bisonte", + "uro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European bison having a smaller and higher head than the North American bison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovibos", + "genus Ovibos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consisting of the musk-ox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk ox", + "musk sheep", + "Ovibos moschatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovibos moschatus", + "bue muschiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shaggy-coated bovid mammal of Canada and Greenland; intermediate in size and anatomy between an ox and a sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovis", + "genus Ovis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep" + ], + "it": [ + "pecora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ewe" + ], + "it": [ + "pecora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ram", + "tup" + ], + "it": [ + "ariete", + "montone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncastrated adult male sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wether" + ], + "it": [ + "castrato", + "castrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male sheep especially a castrated one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellwether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheep that leads the herd often wearing a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb" + ], + "it": [ + "pecorella", + "agnello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambkin" + ], + "it": [ + "agnellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very young lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baa-lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "child's word for a sheep or lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog", + "hogget", + "hogg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheep up to the age of one year; one yet to be sheared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-year-old sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a karakul lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black sheep" + ], + "it": [ + "pecora nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheep with a black coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic sheep", + "Ovis aries" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovis aries", + "pecora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various breeds raised for wool or edible meat or skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotswold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheep with long wool originating in the Cotswold Hills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hampshire", + "Hampshire down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British breed of hornless dark-faced domestic sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincoln" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-wooled mutton sheep originally from Lincolnshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exmoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horned sheep of Devon; valued for mutton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheviot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy hornless sheep of the Cheviot Hills noted for its short thick wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadtail", + "caracul", + "karakul" + ], + "it": [ + "caracul", + "karakul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy coarse-haired sheep of central Asia; lambs are valued for their soft curly black fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longwool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic long-wool sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merino", + "merino sheep" + ], + "it": [ + "merino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white sheep originating in Spain and producing a heavy fleece of exceptional quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rambouillet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy sheep developed from the merino producing both good mutton and fine wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild sheep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undomesticated sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argali", + "argal", + "Ovis ammon" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovis ammon", + "argalì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild sheep of semidesert regions in central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marco Polo sheep", + "Marco Polo's sheep", + "Ovis poli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic wild sheep with exceptionally large horns; sometimes considered a variety of the argali (or Ovis ammon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urial", + "Ovis vignei" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovis vignei", + "pecora delle steppe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bearded reddish sheep of southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dall sheep", + "Dall's sheep", + "white sheep", + "Ovis montana dalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white wild sheep of northwestern Canada and Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain sheep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wild sheep inhabiting mountainous regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bighorn", + "bighorn sheep", + "cimarron", + "Rocky Mountain bighorn", + "Rocky Mountain sheep", + "Ovis canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild sheep of mountainous regions of western North America having massive curled horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouflon", + "moufflon", + "Ovis musimon" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovis musimon", + "muflone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild mountain sheep of Corsica and Sardinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ammotragus", + "genus Ammotragus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of wild sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aoudad", + "arui", + "audad", + "Barbary sheep", + "maned sheep", + "Ammotragus lervia" + ], + "it": [ + "Ammotragus lervia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild sheep of northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy growth on or near the face of certain mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capra", + "genus Capra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat", + "caprine animal" + ], + "it": [ + "capra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kid" + ], + "it": [ + "capretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billy", + "billy goat", + "he-goat" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "capro", + "caprone", + "irco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanny", + "nanny-goat", + "she-goat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic goat", + "Capra hircus" + ], + "it": [ + "Capra hircus", + "capra domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various breeds of goat raised for milk or meat or wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cashmere goat", + "Kashmir goat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Himalayan goat having a silky undercoat highly prized as cashmere wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angora", + "Angora goat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic breed of goat raised for its long silky hair which is the true mohair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild goat" + ], + "it": [ + "capra selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undomesticated goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bezoar goat", + "pasang", + "Capra aegagrus" + ], + "it": [ + "Capra aegagrus", + "bezoar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild goat of Iran and adjacent regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "markhor", + "markhoor", + "Capra falconeri" + ], + "it": [ + "Capra falconeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Himalayan goat with large spiraled horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ibex", + "Capra ibex" + ], + "it": [ + "Capra ibex", + "stambecco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild goat of mountain areas of Eurasia and northern Africa having large recurved horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat antelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bovid related to goats but having antelope-like features: mountain goats; gorals; serows; chamois; gnu goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oreamnos", + "genus Oreamnos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain goat", + "Rocky Mountain goat", + "Oreamnos americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Oreamnos americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sure-footed mammal of mountainous northwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naemorhedus", + "genus Naemorhedus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gorals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goral", + "Naemorhedus goral" + ], + "it": [ + "Naemorhedus goral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small goat antelope with small conical horns; of southern Asian mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capricornis", + "genus Capricornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serow" + ], + "it": [ + "capricorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-horned dark-coated goat antelope of mountain areas of southern and southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rupicapra", + "genus Rupicapra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chamois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamois", + "Rupicapra rupicapra" + ], + "it": [ + "Rupicapra rupicapra", + "camoscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoofed mammal of mountains of Eurasia having upright horns with backward-hooked tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Budorcas", + "genus Budorcas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gnu goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takin", + "gnu goat", + "Budorcas taxicolor" + ], + "it": [ + "Budorcas taxicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heavily built goat antelope of eastern Himalayan area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antelope" + ], + "it": [ + "antilope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graceful Old World ruminant with long legs and horns directed upward and backward; includes gazelles; springboks; impalas; addax; gerenuks; blackbucks; dik-diks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antilope", + "genus Antilope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackbucks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackbuck", + "black buck", + "Antilope cervicapra" + ], + "it": [ + "Antilope cervicapra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Indian antelope with a dark back and spiral horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Litocranius", + "genus Litocranius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antelopes of eastern Africa: gerenuks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerenuk", + "Litocranius walleri" + ], + "it": [ + "Litocranius walleri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender East African antelope with slim neck and backward-curving horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Addax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of antelopes of northern African deserts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addax", + "Addax nasomaculatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Addax nasomaculatus", + "addax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large antelope with lightly spiraled horns of desert regions of northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connochaetes", + "genus Connochaetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: gnus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnu", + "wildebeest" + ], + "it": [ + "gnu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large African antelope having a head with horns like an ox and a long tufted tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madoqua", + "genus Madoqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus comprising some small antelopes of eastern and northeastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dik-dik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small antelopes of eastern Africa of the genus Madoqua; the size of a large rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcelaphus", + "genus Alcelaphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: hartebeests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hartebeest" + ], + "it": [ + "alcelafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large African antelope with lyre-shaped horns that curve backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damaliscus", + "genus Damaliscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: sassabies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sassaby", + "topi", + "Damaliscus lunatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Damaliscus lunatus", + "sassaby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large South African antelope; considered the swiftest hoofed mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aepyceros", + "genus Aepyceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: impalas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impala", + "Aepyceros melampus" + ], + "it": [ + "Aepyceros melampus", + "impala", + "melampo", + "palla", + "pala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelope with ridged curved horns; moves with enormous leaps" + ], + "it": [ + "mammifero africano molto simile all’antilope, con mantello rossiccio sul dorso e bianco sul ventre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gazella", + "genus Gazella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical gazelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazelle" + ], + "it": [ + "gazzella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small swift graceful antelope of Africa and Asia having lustrous eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomson's gazelle", + "Gazella thomsoni" + ], + "it": [ + "Gazella thomsoni", + "gazella di Thomson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East African gazelle; the smallest gazelle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gazella subgutturosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Gazella subgutturosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of gazelle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antidorcas", + "genus Antidorcas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "springboks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springbok", + "springbuck", + "Antidorcas marsupialis", + "Antidorcas euchore" + ], + "it": [ + "Antidorcas marsupialis", + "antidorcade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South African gazelle noted for springing lightly into the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tragelaphus", + "genus Tragelaphus", + "Strepsiceros", + "genus Strepsiceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: kudus; bongos; nyalas; bushbucks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bongo", + "Tragelaphus eurycerus", + "Boocercus eurycerus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragelaphus eurycerus", + "bongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large forest antelope of central Africa having a reddish-brown coat with white stripes and spiral horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kudu", + "koodoo", + "koudou" + ], + "it": [ + "cudù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two spiral-horned antelopes of the African bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater kudu", + "Tragelaphus strepsiceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of kudu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser kudu", + "Tragelaphus imberbis" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragelaphus imberbis", + "cudù minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smaller variety of kudu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harnessed antelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several antelopes of the genus Tragelaphus having striped markings resembling a harness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nyala", + "Tragelaphus angasi" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragelaphus angasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiral-horned South African antelope with a fringe of white hairs along back and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain nyala", + "Tragelaphus buxtoni" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragelaphus buxtoni", + "nyala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaggy antelope of mountains of Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushbuck", + "guib", + "Tragelaphus scriptus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tragelaphus scriptus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antelope with white markings like a harness and twisted horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boselaphus", + "genus Boselaphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian antelopes: nilgais" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nilgai", + "nylghai", + "nylghau", + "blue bull", + "Boselaphus tragocamelus" + ], + "it": [ + "Boselaphus tragocamelus", + "antilope indiana", + "nilgai", + "nilgau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Indian antelope; male is blue-grey with white markings; female is brownish with no horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippotragus", + "genus Hippotragus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sable antelopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable antelope", + "Hippotragus niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippotragus niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black East African antelope with sharp backward-curving horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Saiga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian antelopes: saigas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saiga", + "Saiga tatarica" + ], + "it": [ + "Saiga tatarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goat-like antelope of central Eurasia having a stubby nose like a proboscis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphicerus", + "genus Raphicerus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: steenboks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steenbok", + "steinbok", + "Raphicerus campestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Raphicerus campestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small plains antelope of southeastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taurotragus", + "genus Taurotragus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: elands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two large African antelopes of the genus Taurotragus having short spirally twisted horns in both sexes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common eland", + "Taurotragus oryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark fawn-colored eland of southern and eastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant eland", + "Taurotragus derbianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Taurotragus derbianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark striped eland of western equatorial Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kobus", + "genus Kobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: waterbucks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kob", + "Kobus kob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange-brown antelope of southeast Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lechwe", + "Kobus leche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tawny-colored African antelope inhabiting wet grassy plains; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterbuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large African antelopes of the genus Kobus having curved ridged horns and frequenting e.g. swamps and rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adenota", + "genus Adenota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: puku" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puku", + "Adenota vardoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African antelope closely related to the waterbuck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Oryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African antelopes: oryxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oryx", + "pasang" + ], + "it": [ + "orice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large African antelope with long straight nearly upright horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gemsbok", + "gemsbuck", + "Oryx gazella" + ], + "it": [ + "Oryx gazella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large South African oryx with a broad black band along its flanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudoryx", + "genus Pseudoryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "species of large cow-like mammals of Vietnam discovered by scientists in 1992" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest goat", + "spindle horn", + "Pseudoryx nghetinhensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cow-like creature with the glossy coat of a horse and the agility of a goat and the long horns of an antelope; characterized as a cow that lives the life of a goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antilocapridae", + "family Antilocapridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising only the pronghorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antilocapra", + "genus Antilocapra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Antilocapridae comprising one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronghorn", + "prongbuck", + "pronghorn antelope", + "American antelope", + "Antilocapra americana" + ], + "it": [ + "Antilocapra americana", + "antilocapra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleet antelope-like ruminant of western North American plains with small branched horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cervidae", + "family Cervidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deer: reindeer; moose or elks; muntjacs; roe deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer", + "cervid" + ], + "it": [ + "cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stag" + ], + "it": [ + "cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adult male deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal", + "royal stag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stag with antlers of 12 or more branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male deer in his second year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fawn" + ], + "it": [ + "cerbiatto", + "daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cervus", + "genus Cervus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the Cervidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red deer", + "elk", + "American elk", + "wapiti", + "Cervus elaphus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cervus elaphus", + "cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common deer of temperate Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hart", + "stag" + ], + "it": [ + "cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male deer, especially an adult male red deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hind" + ], + "it": [ + "cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female deer, especially an adult female red deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male red deer in its second year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sambar", + "sambur", + "Cervus unicolor" + ], + "it": [ + "Cervus unicolor", + "sambar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deer of southern Asia with antlers that have three tines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wapiti", + "elk", + "American elk", + "Cervus elaphus canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cervus canadensis", + "cervo canadese", + "wapiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large North American deer with large much-branched antlers in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese deer", + "sika", + "Cervus nipon", + "Cervus sika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deer of Japan with slightly forked antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odocoileus", + "genus Odocoileus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia deer", + "white tail", + "whitetail", + "white-tailed deer", + "whitetail deer", + "Odocoileus Virginianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Odocoileus Virginianus", + "cervo americano", + "cervo della Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American deer; tail has a white underside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mule deer", + "burro deer", + "Odocoileus hemionus" + ], + "it": [ + "Odocoileus hemionus", + "cervo mulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-eared deer of western North America with two-pronged antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-tailed deer", + "blacktail deer", + "blacktail", + "Odocoileus hemionus columbianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mule deer of western Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alces", + "genus Alces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elk or moose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elk", + "European elk", + "moose", + "Alces alces" + ], + "it": [ + "Alces alces", + "alce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called `elk' in Europe and `moose' in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dama", + "genus Dama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fallow deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallow deer", + "Dama dama" + ], + "it": [ + "Dama dama", + "daino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Eurasian deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capreolus", + "genus Capreolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roe deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roe deer", + "Capreolus capreolus" + ], + "it": [ + "Capreolus capreolus", + "capriolo", + "scaglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small graceful deer of Eurasian woodlands having small forked antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roebuck" + ], + "it": [ + "capriolo", + "capriolo maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male roe deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rangifer", + "genus Rangifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reindeer or caribou" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caribou", + "reindeer", + "Greenland caribou", + "Rangifer tarandus" + ], + "it": [ + "Rangifer tarandus", + "caribù", + "renna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called `reindeer' in Eurasia and `caribou' in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodland caribou", + "Rangifer caribou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large caribou living in coniferous forests of southern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barren ground caribou", + "Rangifer arcticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of tundra of northern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mazama", + "genus Mazama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American deer with unbranched antlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muntiacus", + "genus Muntiacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muntjacs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muntjac", + "barking deer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Asian deer with small antlers and a cry like a bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moschus", + "genus Moschus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musk deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk deer", + "Moschus moschiferus" + ], + "it": [ + "Moschus moschiferus", + "mosco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small heavy-limbed upland deer of central Asia; male secretes valued musk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elaphurus", + "genus Elaphurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cervidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pere david's deer", + "elaphure", + "Elaphurus davidianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Elaphurus davidianus", + "cervo di padre David" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Chinese deer surviving only in domesticated herds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tragulidae", + "family Tragulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chevrotains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chevrotain", + "mouse deer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small hornless deer-like ruminant of tropical Asia and west Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tragulus", + "genus Tragulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Tragulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kanchil", + "Tragulus kanchil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small chevrotain of southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "napu", + "Tragulus Javanicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chevrotain somewhat larger than the kanchil; found in India and Malaya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyemoschus", + "genus Hyemoschus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water chevrotains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chevrotain", + "water deer", + "Hyemoschus aquaticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hyemoschus aquaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest chevrotain; of marshy areas of west Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camelidae", + "family Camelidae" + ], + "it": [ + "camelidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "camels and llamas and vicunas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camelus", + "genus Camelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Camelidae: camels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camel" + ], + "it": [ + "cammello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian camel", + "dromedary", + "Camelus dromedarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Camelus dromedarius", + "dromedario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-humped camel of the hot deserts of northern Africa and southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bactrian camel", + "Camelus bactrianus" + ], + "it": [ + "Camelus bactrianus", + "cammello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-humped camel of the cold deserts of central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "llama" + ], + "it": [ + "lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild or domesticated South American cud-chewing animal related to camels but smaller and lacking a hump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lama", + "genus Lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "llamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic llama", + "Lama peruana" + ], + "it": [ + "Lama peruana", + "lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in the Andes as a beast of burden and source of wool; considered a domesticated variety of the guanaco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guanaco", + "Lama guanicoe" + ], + "it": [ + "Lama guanicoe", + "guanaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild llama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpaca", + "Lama pacos" + ], + "it": [ + "Lama pacos", + "alpaca", + "alpaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domesticated llama with long silky fleece; believed to be a domesticated variety of the guanaco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vicugna", + "genus Vicugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Camelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicuna", + "Vicugna vicugna" + ], + "it": [ + "Vicugna vicugna", + "vigogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wild cud-chewing Andean animal similar to the guanaco but smaller; valued for its fleecy undercoat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giraffidae", + "family Giraffidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giraffes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giraffa", + "genus Giraffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Giraffidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giraffe", + "camelopard", + "Giraffa camelopardalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Giraffa camelopardalis", + "camelopardo", + "giraffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tallest living quadruped; having a spotted coat and small horns and very long neck and legs; of savannahs of tropical Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Okapia", + "genus Okapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "okapis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "okapi", + "Okapia johnstoni" + ], + "it": [ + "Okapia johnstoni", + "okapi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the giraffe but smaller with much shorter neck and stripe on the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trotter" + ], + "it": [ + "peduccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foot of a pig or sheep especially one used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forefoot" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zampa anteriore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a front foot of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rear foot of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paw" + ], + "it": [ + "zampa", + "zampetta", + "zampino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clawed foot of an animal especially a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forepaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "front paw; analogous to the human hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminal part of the forelimb in certain vertebrates (e.g. apes or kangaroos)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy cushion-like underside of an animal's foot or of a human's finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mustelidae", + "family Mustelidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weasels; polecats; ferrets; minks; fishers; otters; badgers; skunks; wolverines; martens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musteline mammal", + "mustelid", + "musteline" + ], + "it": [ + "mustelide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fissiped fur-bearing carnivorous mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mustela", + "genus Mustela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Mustelidae: minks and weasels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weasel" + ], + "it": [ + "donnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small carnivorous mammal with short legs and elongated body and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ermine", + "shorttail weasel", + "Mustela erminea" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela erminea", + "ermellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mustelid of northern hemisphere in its white winter coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoat" + ], + "it": [ + "ermellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ermine in its brown summer coat with black-tipped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World least weasel", + "Mustela rixosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Canada and northeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World least weasel", + "Mustela nivalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela nivalis", + "donnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longtail weasel", + "long-tailed weasel", + "Mustela frenata" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela frenata", + "ermellino del Nord America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common American weasel distinguished by large size and black-tipped tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mink" + ], + "it": [ + "visone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender-bodied semiaquatic mammal having partially webbed feet; valued for its fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American mink", + "Mustela vison" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela vison", + "visone americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually rich dark brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polecat", + "fitch", + "foulmart", + "foumart", + "Mustela putorius" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela putorius", + "puzzola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown mustelid of woodlands of Eurasia that gives off an unpleasant odor when threatened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "domesticated albino variety of the European polecat bred for hunting rats and rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-footed ferret", + "ferret", + "Mustela nigripes" + ], + "it": [ + "Mustela nigripes", + "furetto selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musteline mammal of prairie regions of United States; nearly extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poecilogale", + "genus Poecilogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muishonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muishond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern African weasel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake muishond", + "Poecilogale albinucha" + ], + "it": [ + "Poecilogale albinucha", + "zorilla nucabianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender burrowing muishond with white top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ictonyx", + "genus Ictonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped muishond", + "Ictonyx striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferret-sized muishond often tamed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoril", + "Ictonyx frenata" + ], + "it": [ + "Ictonyx frenata", + "zorilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muishond of northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutrinae", + "subfamily Lutrinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subdivision not used in some classifications: otters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutra", + "genus Lutra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a genus of the subfamily Lutrinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otter" + ], + "it": [ + "lontra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater carnivorous mammal having webbed and clawed feet and dark brown fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river otter", + "Lutra canadensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Lutra canadensis", + "lontra canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sociable aquatic animal widely distributed along streams and lake borders in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian otter", + "Lutra lutra" + ], + "it": [ + "Lutra lutra", + "lontra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "otter found in Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enhydra", + "genus Enhydra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea otters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea otter", + "Enhydra lutris" + ], + "it": [ + "Enhydra lutris", + "lontra di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large marine otter of northern Pacific coasts having very thick dark brown fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mephitinae", + "subfamily Mephitinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subdivision not used in some classifications: skunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skunk", + "polecat", + "wood pussy" + ], + "it": [ + "moffetta", + "puzzola", + "skunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American musteline mammal typically ejecting an intensely malodorous fluid when startled; in some classifications put in a separate subfamily Mephitinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mephitis", + "genus Mephitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications: type genus of the subfamily Mephitinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped skunk", + "Mephitis mephitis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mephitis mephitis", + "moffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most common and widespread North American skunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooded skunk", + "Mephitis macroura" + ], + "it": [ + "Mephitis macroura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Mexico and southernmost parts of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conepatus", + "genus Conepatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog-nosed skunk", + "hognosed skunk", + "badger skunk", + "rooter skunk", + "Conepatus leuconotus" + ], + "it": [ + "Conepatus leuconotus", + "zorrino della Patagonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large naked-muzzled skunk with white back and tail; of southwestern North America and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spilogale", + "genus Spilogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted skunk", + "little spotted skunk", + "Spilogale putorius" + ], + "it": [ + "Spilogale putorius", + "spilogale macchiato orientale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small skunk with a marbled black and white coat; of United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melinae", + "subfamily Melinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subdivision not used in some classifications: badgers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badger" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sturdy carnivorous burrowing mammal with strong claws; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxidea", + "genus Taxidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a genus of subfamily Melinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American badger", + "Taxidea taxus" + ], + "it": [ + "Taxidea taxus", + "tasso americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of badger native to America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meles", + "genus Meles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications: type genus of the subfamily Melinae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian badger", + "Meles meles" + ], + "it": [ + "Meles meles", + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of badger native to Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mellivora", + "genus Mellivora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ratels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratel", + "honey badger", + "Mellivora capensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Mellivora capensis", + "mellivora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melogale", + "genus Melogale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferret badger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ferret-like badger of southeast Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctonyx", + "genus Arctonyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog badger", + "hog-nosed badger", + "sand badger", + "Arctonyx collaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Arctonyx collaris", + "tasso naso di porco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeast Asian badger with a snout like a pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulo", + "genus Gulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolverine", + "carcajou", + "skunk bear", + "Gulo luscus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gulo luscus", + "ghiottone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky shaggy-coated North American carnivorous mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutton", + "Gulo gulo", + "wolverine" + ], + "it": [ + "volverina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musteline mammal of northern Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Grison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Galictis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative name for the genus Grison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grison", + "Grison vittatus", + "Galictis vittatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivore of Central America and South America resembling a weasel with a greyish-white back and dark underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martes", + "genus Martes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "martens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marten", + "marten cat" + ], + "it": [ + "martora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine marten", + "Martes martes" + ], + "it": [ + "Martes martes", + "martora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark brown marten of northern Eurasian coniferous forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable", + "Martes zibellina" + ], + "it": [ + "Martes zibellina", + "zibellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marten of northern Asian forests having luxuriant dark brown fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American marten", + "American sable", + "Martes americana" + ], + "it": [ + "American marten", + "zibellino americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valued for its fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone marten", + "beech marten", + "Martes foina" + ], + "it": [ + "Martes foina", + "faina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian marten having a brown coat with pale breast and throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisher", + "pekan", + "fisher cat", + "black cat", + "Martes pennanti" + ], + "it": [ + "Martes pennanti", + "martora di Pennant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark brown North American arboreal carnivorous mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charronia", + "genus Charronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-throated marten", + "Charronia flavigula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large yellow and black marten of southern China and Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eira", + "genus Eira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mustelidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tayra", + "taira", + "Eira barbara" + ], + "it": [ + "Eira barbara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-tailed arboreal mustelid of Central America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fictional animal" + ], + "it": [ + "animale di fantasia", + "animale inventato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animals that exist only in fiction (usually in children's stories)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter bunny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rabbit that delivers Easter eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional mouse created by Lewis Carroll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mickey Mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional mouse created in animated film strips by Walt Disney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minnie Mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the partner of Mickey Mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donald Duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional duck created in animated film strips by Walt Disney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mighty Mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional mouse endowed with great strength and courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzle" + ], + "it": [ + "muso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forward projecting part of the head of certain animals; includes the jaws and nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snout", + "neb" + ], + "it": [ + "grugno", + "muso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long projecting or anterior elongation of an animal's head; especially the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snout", + "rostrum" + ], + "it": [ + "rostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beaklike projection of the anterior part of the head of certain insects such as e.g. weevils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proboscis", + "trunk" + ], + "it": [ + "proboscide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long flexible snout as of an elephant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachyderm" + ], + "it": [ + "pachiderma", + "pachidermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various nonruminant hoofed mammals having very thick skin: elephant; rhinoceros; hippopotamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edentata", + "order Edentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of mammals having few or no teeth including: New World anteaters; sloths; armadillos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edentate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive terrestrial mammal with few if any teeth; of tropical Central America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenarthra", + "suborder Xenarthra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armadillos; American anteaters; sloths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasypodidae", + "family Dasypodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armadillos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armadillo" + ], + "it": [ + "armadillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrowing chiefly nocturnal mammal with body covered with strong horny plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasypus", + "genus Dasypus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Dasypodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peba", + "nine-banded armadillo", + "Texas armadillo", + "Dasypus novemcinctus" + ], + "it": [ + "Dasypus novemcinctus", + "armadillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having nine hinged bands of bony plates; ranges from Texas to Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tolypeutes", + "genus Tolypeutes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Dasypodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apar", + "three-banded armadillo", + "Tolypeutes tricinctus" + ], + "it": [ + "Tolypeutes tricinctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American armadillo with three bands of bony plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cabassous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solely the tatouay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tatouay", + "cabassous", + "Cabassous unicinctus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naked-tailed armadillo of tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphractus", + "genus Euphractus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Dasypodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peludo", + "poyou", + "Euphractus sexcinctus" + ], + "it": [ + "Euphractus sexcinctus", + "armadillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Argentine armadillo with six movable bands and hairy underparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priodontes", + "genus Priodontes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solely the giant armadillo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant armadillo", + "tatou", + "tatu", + "Priodontes giganteus" + ], + "it": [ + "Priodontes giganteus", + "armadillo gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "about three feet long exclusive of tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlamyphorus", + "genus Chlamyphorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pichiciago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pichiciago", + "pichiciego", + "fairy armadillo", + "chlamyphore", + "Chlamyphorus truncatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small Argentine armadillo with pale silky hair and pink plates on head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmeisteria", + "genus Burmeisteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Dasypodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater pichiciego", + "Burmeisteria retusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradypodidae", + "family Bradypodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of edentates comprising the true sloths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloth", + "tree sloth" + ], + "it": [ + "bradipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several slow-moving arboreal mammals of South America and Central America; they hang from branches back downward and feed on leaves and fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradypus", + "genus Bradypus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bradypodidae: three-toed sloths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-toed sloth", + "ai", + "Bradypus tridactylus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bradypus tridactylus", + "bradipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloth that has three long claws on each forefoot and each hindfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megalonychidae", + "family Megalonychidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mammal family consisting of the two-toed sloths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Choloepus", + "genus Choloepus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Megalonychidae consisting of the two-toed sloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-toed sloth", + "unau", + "unai", + "Choloepus didactylus" + ], + "it": [ + "Choloepus didactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small fast-moving sloth with two long claws on each front foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-toed sloth", + "unau", + "unai", + "Choloepus hoffmanni" + ], + "it": [ + "Choloepus hoffmanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloth of Central America that has two long claws on each forefoot and three long claws on each hindfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megatheriidae", + "family Megatheriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct ground sloths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megatherian", + "megatheriid", + "megatherian mammal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large extinct ground sloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megatherium", + "genus Megatherium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Megatheriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground sloth", + "megathere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gigantic extinct terrestrial sloth-like mammal of the Pliocene and Pleistocene in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mylodontidae", + "family Mylodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct South American edentates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mylodontid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of extinct edentate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mylodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mylodontidae; sometimes included in family Megatheriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mylodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (bear-sized) extinct edentate mammal of the Pleistocene in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mapinguari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supposed human-sized sloth-like creature reportedly sighted by Indians in the Amazon rain forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmecophagidae", + "family Myrmecophagidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World anteaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anteater", + "New World anteater" + ], + "it": [ + "formichiere", + "mangiaformiche", + "mirmecofago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American mammals of the family Myrmecophagidae which lack teeth and feed on ants and termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmecophaga", + "genus Myrmecophaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Myrmecophagidae; South American ant bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ant bear", + "giant anteater", + "great anteater", + "tamanoir", + "Myrmecophaga jubata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shaggy-haired toothless anteater with long tongue and powerful claws; of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclopes", + "genus Cyclopes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only the silky anteater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky anteater", + "two-toed anteater", + "Cyclopes didactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squirrel-sized South American toothless anteater with long silky golden fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tamandua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lesser anteater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamandua", + "tamandu", + "lesser anteater", + "Tamandua tetradactyla" + ], + "it": [ + "Tamandua tetradactyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small toothless anteater with prehensile tail and four-clawed forelimbs; of tropical South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholidota", + "order Pholidota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pangolins; in some former classifications included in the order Edentata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manidae", + "family Manidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the order Pholidota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manis", + "genus Manis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Manidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pangolin", + "scaly anteater", + "anteater" + ], + "it": [ + "pangolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toothless mammal of southern Africa and Asia having a body covered with horny scales and a long snout for feeding on ants and termites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastern", + "fetter bone" + ], + "it": [ + "pastorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part between the fetlock and the hoof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "margin between the skin of the pastern and the horn of the hoof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetlock" + ], + "it": [ + "nodello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projection behind and above a horse's hoof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetlock", + "fetlock joint" + ], + "it": [ + "nodello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the joint between the cannon bone and the pastern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withers" + ], + "it": [ + "garrese", + "guidalesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest part of the back at the base of the neck of various animals especially draft animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon", + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower part of the leg extending from the hock to the fetlock in hoofed mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greatly developed metatarsal or metacarpal bone in the shank or cannon part of the leg in hoofed mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hock", + "hock-joint" + ], + "it": [ + "garetto", + "garretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tarsal joint of the hind leg of hoofed mammals; corresponds to the human ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loin", + "lumbus" + ], + "it": [ + "lombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either side of the backbone between the hipbone and the ribs in humans as well as quadrupeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindquarters", + "croup", + "croupe", + "rump" + ], + "it": [ + "groppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an animal that corresponds to the human buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haunch" + ], + "it": [ + "anca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loin and leg of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower part of a horse's thigh between the hock and the stifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stifle", + "knee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint between the femur and tibia in a quadruped; corresponds to the human knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side between ribs and hipbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal leg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leg of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hind limb", + "hindlimb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a posterior appendage such as a leg or the homologous structure in other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hind leg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back limb of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forelimb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front limb (or the homologous structure in other animals, such as a flipper or wing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreleg" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zampa anteriore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forelimb of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flipper" + ], + "it": [ + "natatoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat broad limb of aquatic animals specialized for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parapodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of fleshy appendages of a polychete annelid that functions in locomotion and breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ specialized for sucking nourishment or for adhering to objects by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupule" + ], + "it": [ + "cupola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sucker on the feet of certain flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp organ of offense or defense (as of a wasp or stingray or scorpion) often connected with a poison gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral line", + "lateral line organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sense organs of fish and amphibians; believed to detect pressure changes in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ of locomotion and balance in fishes and some other aquatic animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorsal fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpaired median fin on the backs of fishes and some other aquatic vertebrates that help to maintain balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of fins situated just behind the head in fishes that help control the direction of movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvic fin", + "ventral fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of fins attached to the pelvic girdle in fishes that help control the direction of movement; correspond to hind limbs of a land vertebrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail fin", + "caudal fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tail of fishes and some other aquatic vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterocercal fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tail fin with unequal lobes in which the vertebral column turns upward into the larger lobe as in sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homocercal fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symmetrical tail fin extending beyond the end of the vertebral column as in most bony fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishbone" + ], + "it": [ + "lisca", + "resta", + "spina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bone of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air bladder", + "swim bladder", + "float" + ], + "it": [ + "vescica natatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air-filled sac near the spinal column in many fishes that helps maintain buoyancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the thin-walled extensions of the tracheae of insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uropygial gland", + "preen gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil-secreting gland situated at the base of the tail in most birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk gland", + "serictery", + "sericterium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silk-producing gland of insects (especially of a silkworm) or spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the joint of a mammal or bird that corresponds to the human elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small horny callus on the inner surface of a horse's leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quill", + "calamus", + "shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hollow spine of a feather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein", + "nervure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the horny ribs that stiffen and support the wing of an insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight feather", + "pinion", + "quill", + "quill feather" + ], + "it": [ + "piuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the larger wing or tail feathers of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary", + "primary feather", + "primary quill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the main flight feathers projecting along the outer edge of a bird's wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scapular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feather covering the shoulder of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feather growing from the tail (uropygium) of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tadpole", + "polliwog", + "pollywog" + ], + "it": [ + "girino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a larval frog or toad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Primates", + "order Primates" + ], + "it": [ + "primati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal order including lemurs and tarsiers and monkeys and apes and human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primate" + ], + "it": [ + "primate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ape or monkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ape" + ], + "it": [ + "scimmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthropoidea", + "suborder Anthropoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monkeys; apes; hominids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropoid" + ], + "it": [ + "antropoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the suborder Anthropoidea including monkeys and apes and hominids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropoid ape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tailless ape of the families Pongidae and Hylobatidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hominoidea", + "superfamily Hominoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anthropoid apes and human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hominoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primate of the superfamily Hominoidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hominidae", + "family Hominidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modern man and extinct immediate ancestors of man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hominid" + ], + "it": [ + "ominide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primate of the family Hominidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Homo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Hominidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homo", + "man", + "human being", + "human" + ], + "it": [ + "essere umano", + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi essere, vivente od estinto, membro della famiglia degli ominidi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world", + "human race", + "humanity", + "humankind", + "human beings", + "humans", + "mankind", + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo", + "umanità", + "uomo", + "genere umano", + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the living human inhabitants of the earth" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme degli abitanti della terra, il complesso di tutti gli esseri umani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homo erectus" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo erectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pithecanthropus", + "Pithecanthropus erectus", + "genus Pithecanthropus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pithecanthropus", + "pithecanthropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former genus of primitive apelike men now Homo erectus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Java man", + "Trinil man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil remains found in Java; formerly called Pithecanthropus erectus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peking man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossils found near Beijing, China; they were lost during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinanthropus", + "genus Sinanthropus" + ], + "it": [ + "sinantropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus to which Peking man was formerly assigned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homo soloensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo soloensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primitive hominid of late Pleistocene; Java; formerly Javanthropus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Javanthropus", + "genus Javanthropus" + ], + "it": [ + "Javanthropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former genus of primitive man; now Homo soloensis: comprises Solo man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solo man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early man of late Pleistocene; skull resembles that of Neanderthal man but with smaller cranial capacity; found in Java" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homo habilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo habilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct species of upright East African hominid having some advanced humanlike characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homo sapiens" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo sapiens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the only surviving hominid; species to which modern man belongs; bipedal primate having language and ability to make and use complex tools; brain volume at least 1400 cc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neandertal man", + "Neanderthal man", + "Neandertal", + "Neanderthal", + "Homo sapiens neanderthalensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Neanderthal man", + "Uomo di Neandertal", + "uomo di Neanderthal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cro-magnon" + ], + "it": [ + "Cro-magnon", + "uomo di Cro magnon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct human of Upper Paleolithic in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boskop man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possible early Homo sapiens represented by a cranium found in the Transvaal; formerly considered a separate species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homo sapiens sapiens", + "modern man" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo sapiens sapiens", + "uomo moderno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subspecies of Homo sapiens; includes all modern races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Australopithecus", + "Australopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct genus of African hominid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plesianthropus", + "genus Plesianthropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former name for the genus Australopithecus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "australopithecine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several extinct humanlike bipedal primates with relatively small brains of the genus Australopithecus; from 1 to 4 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australopithecus afarensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Australopithecus afarensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossils found in Ethiopia; from 3.5 to 4 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomplete skeleton of female found in eastern Ethiopia in 1974" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australopithecus africanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Australopithecus africanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gracile hominid of southern Africa; from about 3 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australopithecus boisei" + ], + "it": [ + "Australopithecus boisei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-toothed hominid of eastern Africa; from 1 to 2 million years ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zinjanthropus", + "genus Zinjanthropus" + ], + "it": [ + "Zinjanthropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus to which Australopithecus boisei was formerly assigned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australopithecus robustus" + ], + "it": [ + "Australopithecus robustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-toothed hominid of southern Africa; from 1.5 to 2 million years ago; formerly Paranthropus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paranthropus", + "genus Paranthropus" + ], + "it": [ + "Paranthropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former classification for Australopithecus robustus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sivapithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primates; lower Pliocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sivapithecus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sivapithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil primates found in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryopithecus", + "genus Dryopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World hominoids; Miocene and Pliocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dryopithecine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered a possible ancestor to both anthropoid apes and humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudapithecus", + "Dryopithecus Rudapithecus hungaricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil hominoids from northern central Hungary; late Miocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ouranopithecus", + "genus Ouranopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hominidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lufengpithecus", + "genus Lufengpithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hominidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Proconsul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of extinct primitive African primates of the Miocene epoch; sometimes considered a subgenus of Dryopithecus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proconsul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropoid ape of the genus Proconsul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenyapithecus", + "genus Kenyapithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primate having powerful chewing muscles along with large molars and small incisors; fossils found in Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aegyptopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hominoidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegyptopithecus" + ], + "it": [ + "Aegyptopithecus", + "aegyptopitheco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct primate of about 38 million years ago; fossils found in Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algeripithecus", + "genus Algeripithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct genus of Hominoidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algeripithecus minutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny (150 to 300 grams) extinct primate of 46 to 50 million years ago; fossils found in Algeria; considered by some authorities the leading candidate for the first anthropoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pongidae", + "family Pongidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually considered as comprising orangutans; gorillas; chimpanzees; and sometimes gibbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great ape", + "pongid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the large anthropoid apes of the family Pongidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pongo", + "genus Pongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Pongidae: orangutans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orangutan", + "orang", + "orangutang", + "Pongo pygmaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pongo pygmaeus", + "orango", + "orangutan", + "orangutano", + "urango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-armed ape of Borneo and Sumatra having arboreal habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gorilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gorillas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorilla", + "Gorilla gorilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Gorilla gorilla", + "gorilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest anthropoid ape; terrestrial and vegetarian; of forests of central west Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western lowland gorilla", + "Gorilla gorilla gorilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Gorilla gorilla gorilla", + "gorilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of gorilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern lowland gorilla", + "Gorilla gorilla grauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of gorilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain gorilla", + "Gorilla gorilla beringei" + ], + "it": [ + "Gorilla gorilla beringei", + "gorilla di montagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gorilla of Kivu highlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult male gorilla with grey hairs across the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pan", + "genus Pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chimpanzees; more closely related to Australopithecus than to other pongids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimpanzee", + "chimp", + "Pan troglodytes" + ], + "it": [ + "Pan troglodytes", + "scimpanzé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western chimpanzee", + "Pan troglodytes verus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pan troglodytes verus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masked or pale-faced chimpanzees of western Africa; distantly related to the eastern and central chimpanzees; possibly a distinct species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern chimpanzee", + "Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-haired chimpanzees of east-central Africa; closely related to the central chimpanzees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central chimpanzee", + "Pan troglodytes troglodytes" + ], + "it": [ + "Pan troglodytes troglodytes", + "scimpanzé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-faced chimpanzees of central Africa; closely related to eastern chimpanzees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy chimpanzee", + "bonobo", + "Pan paniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small chimpanzee of swamp forests in Zaire; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylobatidae", + "family Hylobatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the lesser apes (gibbons and siamangs); sometimes considered a subfamily of Pongidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser ape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gibbons and siamangs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylobates", + "genus Hylobates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gibbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibbon", + "Hylobates lar" + ], + "it": [ + "Hylobates lar", + "gibbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest and most perfectly anthropoid arboreal ape having long arms and no tail; of southern Asia and East Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symphalangus", + "genus Symphalangus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the siamangs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siamang", + "Hylobates syndactylus", + "Symphalangus syndactylus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hylobates syndactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black gibbon of Sumatra having the 2nd and 3rd toes partially united by a web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercopithecidae", + "family Cercopithecidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World monkeys: guenon; baboon; colobus monkey; langur; macaque; mandrill; mangabey; patas; proboscis monkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrumane", + "scimmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various long-tailed primates (excluding the prosimians)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World monkey", + "catarrhine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Africa or Arabia or Asia; having nonprehensile tails and nostrils close together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercopithecus", + "genus Cercopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cercopithecidae: guenons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guenon", + "guenon monkey" + ], + "it": [ + "cercopiteco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender African monkey having long hind limbs and tail and long hair around the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talapoin", + "Cercopithecus talapoin" + ], + "it": [ + "Cercopithecus talapoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest guenon monkey; of swampy central and west African forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grivet", + "Cercopithecus aethiops" + ], + "it": [ + "Cercopithecus aethiops", + "cercopiteco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white and olive green East African monkey with long white tufts of hair beside the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vervet", + "vervet monkey", + "Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus", + "cercopiteco verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African monkey with black face and hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green monkey", + "African green monkey", + "Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus", + "cercopiteco grigioverde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common savannah monkey with greenish-grey back and yellow tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercocebus", + "genus Cercocebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mangabeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangabey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large agile arboreal monkey with long limbs and tail and white upper eyelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erythrocebus", + "genus Erythrocebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patas", + "hussar monkey", + "Erythrocebus patas" + ], + "it": [ + "Erythrocebus patas", + "pata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish long-tailed monkey of west Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baboon" + ], + "it": [ + "babbuino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large terrestrial monkeys having doglike muzzles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papio", + "genus Papio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baboons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chacma", + "chacma baboon", + "Papio ursinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Papio ursinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish baboon of southern and eastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandrillus", + "genus Mandrillus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baboons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandrill", + "Mandrillus sphinx" + ], + "it": [ + "Mandrillus sphinx", + "mandrillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baboon of west Africa with a bright red and blue muzzle and blue hindquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill", + "Mandrillus leucophaeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mandrillus leucophaeus", + "drillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the mandrill but smaller and less brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macaca", + "genus Macaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macaques; rhesus monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaque" + ], + "it": [ + "macacco", + "macaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-tailed monkey of rocky regions of Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhesus", + "rhesus monkey", + "Macaca mulatta" + ], + "it": [ + "Macaca mulatta", + "reso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southern Asia; used in medical research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonnet macaque", + "bonnet monkey", + "capped macaque", + "crown monkey", + "Macaca radiata" + ], + "it": [ + "Macaca radiata", + "macaco dal berretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian macaque with a bonnet-like tuft of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbary ape", + "Macaca sylvana" + ], + "it": [ + "Macaca sylvana", + "bertuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tailless macaque of rocky cliffs and forests of northwestern Africa and Gibraltar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab-eating macaque", + "croo monkey", + "Macaca irus" + ], + "it": [ + "Macaca irus", + "cinomologo", + "granchivoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monkey of southeast Asia, Borneo and the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presbytes", + "genus Presbytes", + "mammal Semnopithecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "langurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "langur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender long-tailed monkey of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entellus", + "hanuman", + "Presbytes entellus", + "Semnopithecus entellus" + ], + "it": [ + "entello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "langur of southern Asia; regarded as sacred in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Colobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cercopithecidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colobus", + "colobus monkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal monkey of western and central Africa with long silky fur and reduced thumbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guereza", + "Colobus guereza" + ], + "it": [ + "Colobus guereza", + "guereza", + "guereza coda bianca", + "guereza d'Abissinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colobus monkey with a reddish brown coat and white silky fringes down both sides of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nasalis", + "genus Nasalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proboscis monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proboscis monkey", + "Nasalis larvatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Nasalis larvatus", + "nasica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Borneo monkey having a long bulbous nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platyrrhini", + "superfamily Platyrrhini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New World monkeys: capuchin; douroucouli; howler monkey; saki; spider monkey; squirrel monkey; titi; uakari; woolly monkey; marmoset; tamarin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World monkey", + "platyrrhine", + "platyrrhinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy-faced arboreal monkeys having widely separated nostrils and long usually prehensile tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callithricidae", + "family Callithricidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marmosets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmoset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small soft-furred South American and Central American monkey with claws instead of nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callithrix", + "genus Callithrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Callithricidae: true marmosets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true marmoset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marmoset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebuella", + "genus Cebuella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pygmy marmosets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy marmoset", + "Cebuella pygmaea" + ], + "it": [ + "Cebuella pygmaea", + "uistitì pigmeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest monkey; of tropical forests of the Amazon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leontocebus", + "genus Leontocebus", + "genus Leontideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tamarins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarin", + "lion monkey", + "lion marmoset", + "leoncita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American marmoset with silky fur and long nonprehensile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silky tamarin", + "Leontocebus rosalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden South American monkey with long soft hair forming a mane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinche", + "Leontocebus oedipus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American tamarin with a tufted head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebidae", + "family Cebidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the New World monkeys except marmosets and tamarins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebus", + "genus Cebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cebidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capuchin", + "ringtail", + "Cebus capucinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cebus capucinus", + "cappuccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monkey of Central America and South America having thick hair on the head that resembles a monk's cowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aotus", + "genus Aotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "douroucoulis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douroucouli", + "Aotus trivirgatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Aotus trivirgatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal monkey of Central America and South America with large eyes and thick fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alouatta", + "genus Alouatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "howler monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howler monkey", + "howler" + ], + "it": [ + "aluatta", + "scimmia urlatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monkey of tropical South American forests having a loud howling cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pithecia", + "genus Pithecia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sakis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small arboreal monkey of tropical South America with long hair and bushy nonprehensile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cacajao", + "genus Cacajao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uakaris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uakari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree-dwelling monkey of the Amazon basin; only New World monkey with a short tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callicebus", + "genus Callicebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "titis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titi", + "titi monkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small South American monkeys with long beautiful fur and long nonprehensile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ateles", + "genus Ateles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spider monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider monkey", + "Ateles geoffroyi" + ], + "it": [ + "Ateles geoffroyi", + "scimmia ragno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal monkey of tropical America with long slender legs and long prehensile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saimiri", + "genus Saimiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squirrel monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel monkey", + "Saimiri sciureus" + ], + "it": [ + "Saimiri sciureus", + "scimmia uistitì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small long-tailed monkey of Central American and South America with greenish fur and black muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagothrix", + "genus Lagothrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woolly monkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly monkey" + ], + "it": [ + "lagotrice", + "lagotriche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large monkeys with dark skin and woolly fur of the Amazon and Orinoco basins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandentia", + "order Scandentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small order comprising only the tree shrews: in some classifications tree shrews are considered either primates (and included in the suborder Prosimii) or true insectivores (and included in the order Insectivora)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupaiidae", + "family Tupaiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree shrews; in some classifications tree shrews are considered prosimian primates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupaia", + "genus Tupaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the Tupaia: chief genus of tree shrews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree shrew" + ], + "it": [ + "tupaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insectivorous arboreal mammal of southeast Asia that resembles a squirrel with large eyes and long sharp snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptilocercus", + "genus Ptilocercus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pentails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentail", + "pen-tail", + "pen-tailed tree shrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown tree shrew having a naked tail bilaterally fringed with long stiff hairs on the distal third; of Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prosimii", + "suborder Prosimii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not used in all classifications; in some classifications considered coextensive with the Lemuroidea; in others includes both Lemuroidea and Tarsioidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosimian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive primates having large ears and eyes and characterized by nocturnal habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adapid", + "Adapid group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct small mostly diurnal lower primates that fed on leaves and fruit; abundant in North America and Europe 30 to 50 million years ago; their descendents probably include the lemurs; some authorities consider them ancestral to anthropoids but others consider them only cousins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemuroidea", + "suborder Lemuroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Lemuridae; Lorisidae; Daubentoniidae; Indriidae; used in some classifications instead of Prosimii; in others considered a subdivision of Prosimii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemur" + ], + "it": [ + "lemure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-eyed arboreal prosimian having foxy faces and long furry tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strepsirhini", + "suborder Strepsirhini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications either coextensive with the Lemuroidea or comprising the true lemurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemuridae", + "family Lemuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typical lemurs; of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lemur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lemuridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascar cat", + "ring-tailed lemur", + "Lemur catta" + ], + "it": [ + "Lemur catta", + "lemure catta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small lemur having its tail barred with black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daubentoniidae", + "family Daubentoniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising solely the aye-aye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daubentonia", + "genus Daubentonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus; coextensive with the family Daubentoniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aye-aye", + "Daubentonia madagascariensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Daubentonia madagascariensis", + "aye-aye", + "ayè-ayè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal lemur with long bony fingers and rodent-like incisor teeth closely related to the lemurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorisidae", + "family Lorisidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-moving omnivorous nocturnal primates of tropical Asia; usually tailless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Loris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lorisidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender loris", + "Loris gracilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Loris gracilis", + "lori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slim-bodied lemur of southern India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nycticebus", + "genus Nycticebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lorisidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow loris", + "Nycticebus tardigradua", + "Nycticebus pygmaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stocky lemur of southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perodicticus", + "genus Perodicticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lorisidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potto", + "kinkajou", + "Perodicticus potto" + ], + "it": [ + "Perodicticus potto", + "potto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of lemur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctocebus", + "genus Arctocebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Lorisidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angwantibo", + "golden potto", + "Arctocebus calabarensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Arctocebus calabarensis", + "artocebo del Calabar", + "potto dorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of lemur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Galago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bush babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galago", + "bushbaby", + "bush baby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agile long-tailed nocturnal African lemur with dense woolly fur and large eyes and ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indriidae", + "family Indriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Lemuroidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Indri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Indriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indri", + "indris", + "Indri indri", + "Indri brevicaudatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Indri indri", + "indri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large short-tailed lemur of Madagascar having thick silky fur in black and white and fawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avahi", + "genus Avahi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Indriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly indris", + "Avahi laniger" + ], + "it": [ + "Avahi laniger", + "avahi", + "licanoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal indris with thick grey-brown fur and a long tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omomyid", + "Omomyid group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct tiny nocturnal lower primates that fed on fruit and insects; abundant in North America and Europe 30 to 50 million years ago; probably gave rise to the tarsiers; some authorities consider them ancestral to anthropoids but others consider them only cousins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarsioidea", + "suborder Tarsioidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications assigned to the suborder Prosimii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarsiidae", + "family Tarsiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Tarsius: tarsiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarsius", + "genus Tarsius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Tarsiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarsier" + ], + "it": [ + "tarsio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nocturnal arboreal primate of Indonesia and the Philippines having huge eyes and digits ending in pads to facilitate climbing; the only primate that spurns all plant material as food living entirely on insects and small vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarsius syrichta" + ], + "it": [ + "Tarsius syrichta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of tarsier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarsius glis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of tarsier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dermoptera", + "order Dermoptera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying lemurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynocephalidae", + "family Cynocephalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Dermoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynocephalus", + "genus Cynocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Cynocephalidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying lemur", + "flying cat", + "colugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal nocturnal mammal of southeast Asia and the Philippines resembling a lemur and having a fold of skin on each side from neck to tail that is used for long gliding leaps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynocephalus variegatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of flying lemur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proboscidea", + "order Proboscidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of animals including elephants and mammoths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proboscidean", + "proboscidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "massive herbivorous mammals having tusks and a long trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elephantidae", + "family Elephantidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elephants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant" + ], + "it": [ + "elefante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "five-toed pachyderm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rogue elephant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild and vicious elephant separated from the herd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elephas", + "genus Elephas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Elephantidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian elephant", + "Elephas maximus" + ], + "it": [ + "Elephas maximus", + "elefante asiatico", + "elefante indiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian elephant having smaller ears and tusks primarily in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white elephant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "albinic Indian elephant; rare and sometimes venerated in east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loxodonta", + "genus Loxodonta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Elephantidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African elephant", + "Loxodonta africana" + ], + "it": [ + "Loxodonta africana", + "elefante africano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elephant native to Africa having enormous flapping ears and ivory tusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammuthus", + "genus Mammuthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct genus: mammoths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammoth" + ], + "it": [ + "mammut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous extinct elephants widely distributed in the Pleistocene; extremely large with hairy coats and long upcurved tusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly mammoth", + "northern mammoth", + "Mammuthus primigenius" + ], + "it": [ + "Mammuthus primigenius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hairy mammoth common in colder portions of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbian mammoth", + "Mammuthus columbi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of mammoth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archidiskidon", + "genus Archidiskidon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Elephantidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial mammoth", + "imperial elephant", + "Archidiskidon imperator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest known mammoth; of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammutidae", + "family Mammutidae", + "family Mastodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct family: mastodons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammut", + "genus Mammut", + "genus Mastodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct type genus of the Mammutidae: mastodons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastodon", + "mastodont" + ], + "it": [ + "mastodonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct elephant-like mammal that flourished worldwide from Miocene through Pleistocene times; differ from mammoths in the form of the molar teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American mastodon", + "American mastodont", + "Mammut americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mastodon of North America; in some classifications considered a mammoth rather than a mastodon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gomphotheriidae", + "family Gomphotheriidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elephants extinct since the Pleistocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gomphotherium", + "genus Gomphotherium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gomphotheriidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gomphothere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct elephants of Central American and South America; of the Miocene and Pleistocene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantigrade mammal", + "plantigrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that walks with the entire sole of the foot touching the ground as e.g. bears and human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitigrade mammal", + "digitigrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that walks so that only the toes touch the ground as e.g. dogs and cats and horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procyonidae", + "family Procyonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raccoons; coatis; cacomistles; kinkajous; and sometimes pandas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procyonid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plantigrade carnivorous mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procyon", + "genus Procyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Procyonidae: raccoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raccoon", + "racoon" + ], + "it": [ + "procione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common raccoon", + "common racoon", + "coon", + "ringtail", + "Procyon lotor" + ], + "it": [ + "Procyon lotor", + "procione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American raccoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab-eating raccoon", + "Procyon cancrivorus" + ], + "it": [ + "Procyon cancrivorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American raccoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bassariscidae", + "subfamily Bassariscidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a separate family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bassariscus", + "genus Bassariscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cacomistles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassarisk", + "cacomistle", + "cacomixle", + "coon cat", + "raccoon fox", + "ringtail", + "ring-tailed cat", + "civet cat", + "miner's cat", + "Bassariscus astutus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bassariscus astutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raccoon-like omnivorous mammal of Mexico and the southwestern United States having a long bushy tail with black and white rings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potos", + "genus Potos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Procyonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinkajou", + "honey bear", + "potto", + "Potos flavus", + "Potos caudivolvulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Potos flavus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arboreal fruit-eating mammal of tropical America with a long prehensile tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nasua", + "genus Nasua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coatis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coati", + "coati-mondi", + "coati-mundi", + "coon cat", + "Nasua narica" + ], + "it": [ + "Nasua narica", + "pisote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omnivorous mammal of Central America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ailurus", + "genus Ailurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lesser pandas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser panda", + "red panda", + "panda", + "bear cat", + "cat bear", + "Ailurus fulgens" + ], + "it": [ + "Ailurus fulgens", + "panda", + "panda minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reddish-brown Old World raccoon-like carnivore; in some classifications considered unrelated to the giant pandas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ailuropodidae", + "family Ailuropodidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered the family comprising the giant pandas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ailuropoda", + "genus Ailuropoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only the giant panda: in some classifications considered a genus of the separate family Ailuropodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant panda", + "panda", + "panda bear", + "coon bear", + "Ailuropoda melanoleuca" + ], + "it": [ + "Ailuropoda melanoleuca", + "panda", + "panda gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large black-and-white herbivorous mammal of bamboo forests of China and Tibet; in some classifications considered a member of the bear family or of a separate family Ailuropodidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill", + "branchia" + ], + "it": [ + "branchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respiratory organ of aquatic animals that breathe oxygen dissolved in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external gill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurs in some mollusks and in tadpoles and other immature amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill slit", + "branchial cleft", + "gill cleft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of slit openings in the pharynxes of fishes and aquatic amphibians through which water passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill arch", + "branchial arch", + "gill bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the bony or cartilaginous arches on each side of the pharynx that support the gills of fishes and aquatic amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peristome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "region around the mouth in various invertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syrinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vocal organ of a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twitterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bird that twitters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of vertebrates comprising both cartilaginous and bony fishes and sometimes including the jawless vertebrates; not used technically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills" + ], + "it": [ + "animale vertebrato acquatico di varia grandezza, di forma gener. affusolata, rivestito di squame e dotato di pinne e coda con respirazione branchiale e scheletro osseo o cartilagineo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young or small fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game fish", + "sport fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish providing sport for the angler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish used for food by human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish useless for food or sport or even as bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundfish", + "bottom fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish that live on the sea bottom (particularly the commercially important gadoid fish like cod and haddock, or flatfish like flounder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish that is young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the young of various fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthbreeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fishes that carry their eggs and their young in their mouths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spawner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female fish at spawning time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barracouta", + "snoek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large marine food fish common on the coasts of Australia, New Zealand, and southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Channidae", + "class Channidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snakeheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern snakehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voracious freshwater fish that is native to northeastern China; can use fin to walk and can survive out of water for three days; a threat to American populations of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osteichthyes", + "class Osteichthyes" + ], + "it": [ + "Osteitti", + "Osteichthyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of fish having a skeleton composed of bone in addition to cartilage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bony fish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce osseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish of the class Osteichthyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crossopterygii", + "subclass Crossopterygii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes having paired fins resembling limbs and regarded as ancestral to amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossopterygian", + "lobefin", + "lobe-finned fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish of the order Crossopterygii; most known only in fossil form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latimeridae", + "family Latimeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct except for the coelacanth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latimeria", + "genus Latimeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Latimeridae: coelacanth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelacanth", + "Latimeria chalumnae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish thought to have been extinct since the Cretaceous period but found in 1938 off the coast of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipnoi", + "subclass Dipnoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bony fishes of the southern hemisphere that breathe by a modified air bladder as well as gills; sometimes classified as an order of Crossopterygii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lungfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air-breathing fish having an elongated body and fleshy paired fins; certain species construct mucus-lined mud coverings in which to survive drought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratodontidae", + "family Ceratodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lungfishes having hornlike ridges on the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ceratodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ceratodontidae: extinct genus of lungfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceratodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct lungfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neoceratodus", + "genus Neoceratodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extant Australian lungfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian lungfish", + "Queensland lungfish", + "Neoceratodus forsteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endangered species of lungfish found in rivers in Queensland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siluriformes", + "order Siluriformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of fish belonging to the superorder Malacopterygii including catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catfish", + "siluriform fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous mostly freshwater bottom-living fishes of Eurasia and North America with barbels like whiskers around the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siluridae", + "family Siluridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silurid", + "silurid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World freshwater catfishes having naked skin and a long anal fin more or less merged with the eellike caudal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silurus", + "genus Silurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Siluridae: catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European catfish", + "sheatfish", + "Silurus glanis" + ], + "it": [ + "Silurus glanis", + "siluro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large elongated catfish of central and eastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malopterurus", + "genus Malopterurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric catfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric catfish", + "Malopterurus electricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater catfish of the Nile and tropical central Africa having an electric organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ameiuridae", + "family Ameiuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ameiurus", + "genus Ameiurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ameiuridae: bullhead catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullhead", + "bullhead catfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several common freshwater catfishes of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned pout", + "hornpout", + "pout", + "Ameiurus Melas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catfish common in eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown bullhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater catfish of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ictalurus", + "genus Ictalurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "channel catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel catfish", + "channel cat", + "Ictalurus punctatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ictalurus punctatus", + "pesce gatto punteggiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater food fish common throughout central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue catfish", + "blue cat", + "blue channel catfish", + "blue channel cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large catfish of the Mississippi valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pylodictus", + "genus Pylodictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flathead catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flathead catfish", + "mudcat", + "goujon", + "shovelnose catfish", + "spoonbill catfish", + "Pylodictus olivaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large catfish of central United States having a flattened head and projecting jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laricariidae", + "family Laricariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armored catfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored catfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American catfish having the body covered with bony plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ariidae", + "family Ariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea catfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous marine fishes most of which are mouthbreeders; not used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arius", + "genus Arius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ariidae: sea catfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifix fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea catfish of the Caribbean area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadiformes", + "order Gadiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cods, haddocks, grenadiers; in some classifications considered equivalent to the order Anacanthini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anacanthini", + "order Anacanthini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "at least partially equivalent to the order Gadiformes in some classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadoid", + "gadoid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft-finned fish of the family Gadidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadidae", + "family Gadidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of important mostly marine food fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadus", + "genus Gadus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gadidae: the typical codfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cod", + "codfish" + ], + "it": [ + "merluzzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "major food fish of Arctic and cold-temperate waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young codfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic cod", + "Gadus morhua" + ], + "it": [ + "Gadus morhua", + "baccalà bianco portoghese", + "baccalà portoghese giallo", + "baccalà san giovanni", + "merluzzo bianco", + "pesce lesso in pallette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the world's most important commercial fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific cod", + "Alaska cod", + "Gadus macrocephalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Gadus macrocephalus", + "merluzzo del Pacifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely related to Atlantic cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merlangus", + "genus Merlangus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiting", + "Merlangus merlangus", + "Gadus merlangus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food fish of the Atlantic waters of Europe resembling the cod; sometimes placed in genus Gadus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lota", + "genus Lota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burbot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burbot", + "eelpout", + "ling", + "cusk", + "Lota lota" + ], + "it": [ + "Lota lota", + "bottatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongate freshwater cod of northern Europe and Asia and North America having barbels around its mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrod", + "schrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young Atlantic cod or haddock especially one split and boned for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanogrammus", + "genus Melanogrammus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haddock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haddock", + "Melanogrammus aeglefinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Melanogrammus aeglefinus", + "asinello", + "asinello affumicato", + "eglefino", + "fiocchi di pesce", + "polpettone di fesce", + "zuppa di asinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish on both sides of the Atlantic; related to cod but usually smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pollachius", + "genus Pollachius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pollack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollack", + "pollock", + "Pollachius pollachius" + ], + "it": [ + "Pollachius pollachius", + "merluzzo giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food and game fish of northern seas (especially the northern Atlantic); related to cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merluccius", + "genus Merluccius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hake" + ], + "it": [ + "nasello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several marine food fishes related to cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver hake", + "Merluccius bilinearis", + "whiting" + ], + "it": [ + "Merluccius bilinearis", + "nasello atlantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found off Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urophycis", + "genus Urophycis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American hakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molva", + "genus Molva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ling", + "Molva molva" + ], + "it": [ + "Molva molva", + "molva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated marine food fish of Greenland and northern Europe; often salted and dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brosmius", + "genus Browmius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cusk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusk", + "torsk", + "Brosme brosme" + ], + "it": [ + "Brosme brosme", + "brosmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible marine fish of northern coastal waters; related to cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrouridae", + "family Macrouridae", + "Macruridae", + "family Macruridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grenadiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grenadier", + "rattail", + "rattail fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguilliformes", + "order Anguilliformes", + "order Apodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongate fishes with pelvic fins and girdle absent or reduced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eel" + ], + "it": [ + "anguilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voracious snakelike marine or freshwater fishes with smooth slimy usually scaleless skin and having a continuous vertical fin but no ventral fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young eel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguillidae", + "family Anguillidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to the sea to spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguilla", + "genus Anguilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anguillidae: eels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common eel", + "freshwater eel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to sea to spawn; found in Europe and America; marketed both fresh and smoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna", + "Anguilla sucklandii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand eel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muraenidae", + "family Muraenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine eels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moray", + "moray eel" + ], + "it": [ + "murena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of brightly colored voracious eels of warm coastal waters; generally nonaggressive to humans but larger species are dangerous if provoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congridae", + "family Congridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine eels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conger", + "conger eel" + ], + "it": [ + "gongro", + "grongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark-colored scaleless marine eel found in temperate and tropical coastal waters; some used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teleostei", + "subclass Teleostei" + ], + "it": [ + "Teleostei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large diverse group of bony fishes; includes most living species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleost fish", + "teleost", + "teleostan" + ], + "it": [ + "teleosteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bony fish of the subclass Teleostei" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce con scheletro osseo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isospondyli", + "order Isospondyli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most primitive teleost fishes; all are soft-finned: salmon; trout; herring; shad; sardines; anchovies; whitefish; smelts; tarpon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gonorhynchidae", + "family Gonorhynchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Gonorhynchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gonorhynchus", + "genus Gonorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender cylindrical marine fishes lacking air bladders and teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaked salmon", + "sandfish", + "Gonorhynchus gonorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of sandy areas of western Pacific and Indian oceans having an angular snout for burrowing into sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clupeidae", + "family Clupeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herrings; shad; sardines; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clupeid fish", + "clupeid" + ], + "it": [ + "clupeide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous soft-finned schooling food fishes of shallow waters of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitebait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible young of especially herrings and sprats and smelts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brit", + "britt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the young of a herring or sprat or similar fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alosa", + "genus Alosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shad" + ], + "it": [ + "alosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to fresh water to spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common American shad", + "Alosa sapidissima" + ], + "it": [ + "Alosa sapidissima", + "allaccia americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shad of Atlantic coast of North America; naturalized to Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river shad", + "Alosa chrysocloris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shad that spawns in streams of the Mississippi drainage; very similar to Alosa sapidissima" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allice shad", + "allis shad", + "allice", + "allis", + "Alosa alosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Alosa alosa", + "agone", + "alaccia", + "alosa", + "cheppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European shad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alewife", + "Alosa pseudoharengus", + "Pomolobus pseudoharengus" + ], + "it": [ + "Alosa pseudoharengus", + "alaccia", + "alosa", + "falsa-aringa atlantica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shad-like food fish that runs rivers to spawn; often salted or smoked; sometimes placed in genus Pomolobus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomolobus", + "genus Pomolobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus to which the alewife is sometimes assigned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brevoortia", + "genus Brevoortia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "menhaden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menhaden", + "Brevoortia tyrannis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shad-like North American marine fishes used for fish meal and oil and fertilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clupea", + "genus Clupea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Clupeidae: typical herrings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herring", + "Clupea harangus" + ], + "it": [ + "aringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic herring", + "Clupea harengus harengus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish; found in enormous shoals in the northern Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific herring", + "Clupea harengus pallasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish of the northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sardine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small edible herring or related food fishes frequently canned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various young herrings (other than brislings) canned as sardines in Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brisling", + "sprat", + "Clupea sprattus" + ], + "it": [ + "spratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small herring processed like a sardine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardina", + "genus Sardina", + "genus Sardinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pilchards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilchard", + "sardine", + "Sardina pilchardus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sardina pilchardus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fishes found in great schools along coasts of Europe; smaller and rounder than herring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i48999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardinops", + "genus Sardinops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pilchards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific sardine", + "Sardinops caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pilchards common off the pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Engraulidae", + "family Engraulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anchovies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy" + ], + "it": [ + "acciuga", + "alice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small herring-like plankton-eating fishes often canned whole or as paste; abundant in tropical waters worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Engraulis", + "genus Engraulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the family Engraulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediterranean anchovy", + "Engraulis encrasicholus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "esteemed for its flavor; usually preserved or used for sauces and relishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmonidae", + "family Salmonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salmon and trout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmonid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-finned fishes of cold and temperate waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmon" + ], + "it": [ + "salmone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young salmon up to 2 years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female salmon that has recently spawned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "male salmon that has recently spawned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmo", + "genus Salmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Salmonidae: salmon and trout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic salmon", + "Salmo salar" + ], + "it": [ + "Salmo salar", + "filetti di salmone svedesi", + "salmo", + "salmone", + "salmone atlantico", + "salmone del reno", + "salmone kipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in northern coastal Atlantic waters or tributaries; adults do not die after spawning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlocked salmon", + "lake salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic salmon confined to lakes of New England and southeastern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oncorhynchus", + "genus Oncorhynchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific salmon including sockeye salmon; chinook salmon; chum salmon; coho salmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sockeye", + "sockeye salmon", + "red salmon", + "blueback salmon", + "Oncorhynchus nerka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small salmon with red flesh; found in rivers and tributaries of the northern Pacific and valued as food; adults die after spawning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinook", + "chinook salmon", + "king salmon", + "quinnat salmon", + "Oncorhynchus tshawytscha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Pacific salmon valued as food; adults die after spawning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chum salmon", + "chum", + "Oncorhynchus keta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large Pacific salmon with small spots on its back; an important food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coho", + "cohoe", + "coho salmon", + "blue jack", + "silver salmon", + "Oncorhynchus kisutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small salmon of northern Pacific coasts and the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trout" + ], + "it": [ + "trota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various game and food fishes of cool fresh waters mostly smaller than typical salmons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown trout", + "salmon trout", + "Salmo trutta" + ], + "it": [ + "trota salmonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speckled trout of European rivers; introduced in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow trout", + "Salmo gairdneri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in Pacific coastal waters and streams from lower California to Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery marine variety of brown trout that migrates to fresh water to spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvelinus", + "genus Salvelinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brook trout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake trout", + "salmon trout", + "Salvelinus namaycush" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvelinus namaycush", + "trota di lago americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fork-tailed trout of lakes of Canada and the northern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brook trout", + "speckled trout", + "Salvelinus fontinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvelinus fontinalis", + "salmerino di fontana", + "salmerino di fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American freshwater trout; introduced in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "char", + "charr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small trout-like fish of the genus Salvelinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic char", + "Salvelinus alpinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Salvelinus alpinus", + "salmarino", + "salmerino", + "salmerino alpino", + "salmerino artico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small trout of northern waters; landlocked populations in Quebec and northern New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coregonidae", + "family Coregonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-finned fishes comprising the freshwater whitefishes; formerly included in the family Salmonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coregonus", + "genus Coregonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Coregonidae: whitefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake whitefish", + "Coregonus clupeaformis" + ], + "it": [ + "Coregonus clupeaformis", + "coregone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in the Great Lakes and north to Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cisco", + "lake herring", + "Coregonus artedi" + ], + "it": [ + "Coregonus artedi", + "agone americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish of cold deep lakes of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prosopium", + "genus Prosopium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round whitefish", + "Menominee whitefish", + "Prosopium cylindraceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whitefish with a bronze back; of northern North America and Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain whitefish", + "Prosopium williamsonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitefish of the western United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osmeridae", + "family Osmeridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smelts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small trout-like silvery marine or freshwater food fishes of cold northern waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osmerus", + "genus Osmerus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Osmeridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow smelt", + "Osmerus mordax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important marine and landlocked food fish of eastern North America and Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparling", + "European smelt", + "Osmerus eperlanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Osmerus eperlanus", + "sperlano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common smelt of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mallotus", + "genus Mallotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capelins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capelin", + "capelan", + "caplin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small northern fish; forage for sea birds and marine mammals and other fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elopidae", + "family Elopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tarpons and ladyfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Tarpon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tarpons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarpon", + "Tarpon atlanticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large silvery game fish of warm Atlantic coastal waters especially off Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elops", + "genus Elops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Elopidae: tenpounder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladyfish", + "tenpounder", + "Elops saurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game fish resembling the tarpon but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albulidae", + "family Albulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bonefish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albula", + "genus Albula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the family Albulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonefish", + "Albula vulpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender silvery marine fish found in tropical mud flats and mangrove lagoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentinidae", + "family Argentinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small marine soft-finned fishes with long silvery bodies; related to salmons and trouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentina", + "genus Argentina" + ], + "it": [ + "argentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Argentinidae: argentines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argentine" + ], + "it": [ + "argentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myctophidae", + "family Myctophidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea fishes comprising the lantern fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanternfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fish having rows of luminous organs along each side; some surface at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synodontidae", + "family Synodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-finned bottom-dwelling fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lizardfish", + "snakefish", + "snake-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fishes with large mouths in lizard-like heads; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chlorophthalmidae", + "family Chlorophthalmidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of soft-finned bottom-dwellers with large eyes; relatives of lizardfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greeneye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwellers having large eyes with metallic green luster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alepisaurus", + "genus Alepisaurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender scaleless predaceous tropical deep-sea fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancetfish", + "lancet fish", + "wolffish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large elongate scaleless oceanic fishes with sharp teeth and a long dorsal fin that resembles a sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handsaw fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft-finned fish of the genus Alepisaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osteoglossiformes", + "Order Osteoglossiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teleost fish with bony tongues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osteoglossidae", + "family Osteoglossidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of large fishes that live in freshwater; includes bandfish and bonytongues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleropages", + "genus Scleropages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of large freshwater fishes of Australia and Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian arowana", + "Dawson River salmon", + "saratoga", + "spotted barramundi", + "spotted bonytongue", + "Scleropages leichardti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of large fish found in Australian rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian bonytongue", + "northern barramundi", + "Scleropages jardinii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of large fish found in Australian rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lampridae", + "family Lampridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opahs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lampris", + "genus Lampris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lampridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opah", + "moonfish", + "Lampris regius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large elliptical brightly colored deep-sea fish of Atlantic and Pacific and Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New World opah", + "Lampris guttatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lampris guttatus", + "pesce ré" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from Nova Scotia to West Indies and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trachipteridae", + "family Trachipteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ribbonfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbonfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine fish having a long compressed ribbonlike body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trachipterus", + "genus Trachipterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Trachipteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealfish", + "Trachipterus arcticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea ribbonfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regalecidae", + "family Regalecidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ribbonfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reglaecus", + "genus Regalecus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Regalecidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oarfish", + "king of the herring", + "ribbonfish", + "Regalecus glesne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin deep-water tropical fish 20 to 30 feet long having a red dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pediculati", + "order Pediculati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anglers and batfishes; spiny-finned marine fishes having pectoral fins at the ends of armlike processes and a long movable spine on the dorsal fin to lure prey to the large mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ogcocephalidae", + "family Ogcocephalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batfishes: sluggish bottom-dwelling spiny fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dweller of warm western Atlantic coastal waters having a flattened scaleless body that crawls about on fleshy pectoral and pelvic fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophiidae", + "family Lophiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large-headed marine fishes comprising the anglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophius", + "genus Lophius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of family Lophiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goosefish", + "angler", + "anglerfish", + "angler fish", + "monkfish", + "lotte", + "allmouth", + "Lophius Americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "lofio", + "pescatrice", + "rana pescatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes having large mouths with a wormlike filament attached for luring prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Batrachoididae", + "family Batrachoididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toadfishes; related to anglers and batfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toadfish", + "Opsanus tau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwelling fish having scaleless slimy skin and a broad thick head with a wide mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster fish", + "oyster-fish", + "oysterfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of toadfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antennariidae", + "family Antennariidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frogfishes; tropical spiny-finned marine fishes having large nearly vertical mouths; related to toadfishes and anglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frogfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish having a frog-like mouth with a lure on the snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sargassum fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fantastically formed and colored fishes found among masses of sargassum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synentognathi", + "order Synentognathi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of fishes having spineless fins; needlefishes; sauries; flying fishes; halfbeaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belonidae", + "family Belonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ferocious fishes of warm regions resembling but unrelated to the freshwater gars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlefish", + "gar", + "billfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongate European surface-dwelling predacious fishes with long toothed jaws; abundant in coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timucu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in warm waters of western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exocoetidae", + "family Exocoetidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying fishes; closely related to the halfbeaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying fish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce volante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical marine fishes having enlarged winglike fins used for brief gliding flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoplane flying fish", + "two-wing flying fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having only pectoral fins enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biplane flying fish", + "four-wing flying fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having both pectoral and pelvic fins enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemiramphidae", + "family Hemiramphidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "halfbeaks; marine and freshwater fishes closely related to the flying fishes but not able to glide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halfbeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical and subtropical marine and freshwater fishes having an elongated body and long protruding lower jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scomberesocidae", + "family Scomberesocidae", + "Scombresocidae", + "family Scombresocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only sauries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scomberesox", + "genus Scomberesox", + "Scombresox", + "genus Scombresox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scomberesocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saury", + "billfish", + "Scomberesox saurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender long-beaked fish of temperate Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthopterygii", + "superorder Acanthopterygii" + ], + "it": [ + "Acantopterigi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teleost fishes having fins with sharp bony rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny-finned fish", + "acanthopterygian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teleost fish with fins that are supported by sharp inflexible rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiodontidae", + "family Ophiodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes closely related to greenlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiodon", + "genus Ophiodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ophiodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingcod", + "Ophiodon elongatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of the northern Pacific related to greenlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perciformes", + "order Perciformes", + "Percomorphi", + "order Percomorphi" + ], + "it": [ + "Perciformi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the largest natural groups of fishes of both marine and fresh water: true perches; basses; tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percoidea", + "suborder Percoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications nearly or exactly equivalent to the Perciformes which are considered a suborder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percoid fish", + "percoid", + "percoidean" + ], + "it": [ + "perciforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ], + "it": [ + "perca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of various families of the order Perciformes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabantidae", + "family Anabantidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater spiny-finned fishes of Africa and southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabas", + "genus Anabas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Anabantidae; small fish that resemble perch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing perch", + "Anabas testudineus", + "A. testudineus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small perch of India whose gills are modified to allow it to breathe air; has spiny pectoral fins that enable it to travel on land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percidae", + "family Percidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active freshwater fishes; true perches and pike perches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ], + "it": [ + "persico", + "pesce persico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny-finned freshwater food and game fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perca", + "genus Perca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Percidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow perch", + "Perca flavescens" + ], + "it": [ + "Perca flavescens", + "persico dorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European perch", + "Perca fluviatilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Perca fluviatilis", + "perca", + "persico", + "persico reale", + "pesce persico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perch native to Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stizostedion", + "genus Stizostedion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pike-perches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pike-perch", + "pike perch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several pike-like fishes of the perch family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walleye", + "walleyed pike", + "jack salmon", + "dory", + "Stizostedion vitreum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pike-like freshwater perches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue pike", + "blue pickerel", + "blue pikeperch", + "blue walleye", + "Strizostedion vitreum glaucum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety inhabiting the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percina", + "genus Percina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Percidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snail darter", + "Percina tanasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small snail-eating perch of the Tennessee River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichodontidae", + "family Trichodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two species of elongate compressed scaleless large-eyed fishes that live in sand or mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two small silvery scaleless fishes of the northern Pacific that burrow into sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophidiidae", + "family Ophidiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eellike marine fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusk-eel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongate compressed somewhat eel-shaped fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brotulidae", + "family Brotulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly deep-sea fishes related to the Ophidiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brotula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carapidae", + "family Carapidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pearlfishes: related to the Brotulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearlfish", + "pearl-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found living within the alimentary canals of e.g. sea cucumbers or between the shells of pearl oysters in or near shallow seagrass beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centropomidae", + "family Centropomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish or the order Perciformes including robalos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of percoid fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centropomus", + "genus Centropomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Centropomidae: snooks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical American food and game fishes of coastal and brackish waters; resemble pike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subfamily of the family Centropomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lates", + "genus Lates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of large percoid fishes of fresh and brackish water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barramundi", + "giant perch", + "giant seaperch", + "Asian seabass", + "white seabass", + "Lates calcarifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of large perch noted for its sporting and eating qualities; lives in marine, estuary, and freshwater habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esocidae", + "family Esocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pikes; pickerels; muskellunges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esox", + "genus Esox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and only genus of the family Esocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pike" + ], + "it": [ + "luccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several elongate long-snouted freshwater game and food fishes widely distributed in cooler parts of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern pike", + "Esox lucius" + ], + "it": [ + "Esox lucius", + "luccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voracious piscivorous pike of waters of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskellunge", + "Esox masquinongy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (60 to 80 pounds) sport fish of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American species of small pike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain pickerel", + "chain pike", + "Esox niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common in quiet waters of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redfin pickerel", + "barred pickerel", + "Esox americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small but gamy pickerel of Atlantic coastal states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centrarchidae", + "family Centrarchidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sunfish family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunfish", + "centrarchid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small carnivorous freshwater percoid fishes of North America usually having a laterally compressed body and metallic luster: crappies; black bass; bluegills; pumpkinseed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomoxis", + "genus Pomoxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crappies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crappie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sunfishes of central United States rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black crappie", + "Pomoxis nigromaculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crappie that is black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white crappie", + "Pomoxis annularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crappie that is white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshwater bream", + "bream" + ], + "it": [ + "abramide comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually edible freshwater percoid fishes having compressed bodies and shiny scales; especially (but not exclusively) of the genus Lepomis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepomis", + "genus Lepomis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkinseed", + "Lepomis gibbosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lepomis gibbosus", + "persico sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brilliantly colored North American sunfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluegill", + "Lepomis macrochirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important edible sunfish of eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted sunfish", + "stumpknocker", + "Lepomis punctatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabits streams from South Carolina to Florida; esteemed panfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ambloplites", + "genus Ambloplites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Centrarchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshwater bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American food and game fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock bass", + "rock sunfish", + "Ambloplites rupestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game and food fish of upper Mississippi and Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micropterus", + "genus Micropterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American freshwater black basses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed and highly prized American freshwater game fishes (sunfish family)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky black bass", + "spotted black bass", + "Micropterus pseudoplites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of black bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallmouth", + "smallmouth bass", + "smallmouthed bass", + "smallmouth black bass", + "smallmouthed black bass", + "Micropterus dolomieu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of black bass; the angle of the jaw falls below the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largemouth", + "largemouth bass", + "largemouthed bass", + "largemouth black bass", + "largemouthed black bass", + "Micropterus salmoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Micropterus salmoides", + "persico trota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large black bass; the angle of the jaw falls behind the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass" + ], + "it": [ + "labrace", + "spigola", + "spinola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nontechnical name for any of numerous edible marine and freshwater spiny-finned fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serranidae", + "family Serranidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine fishes: sea basses; sea perches; groupers; jewfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serranid fish", + "serranid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine food sport fishes mainly of warm coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morone", + "genus Morone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnivorous fresh and salt water fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white perch", + "silver perch", + "Morone americana" + ], + "it": [ + "Morone americana", + "spigola americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silvery food and game fish of eastern United States streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow bass", + "Morone interrupta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American freshwater bass resembling the larger marine striped bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea bass" + ], + "it": [ + "branzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various food and sport fishes of the Atlantic coast of the United States having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synagrops", + "genus Synagrops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Serranidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackmouth bass", + "Synagrops bellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small marine fish with black mouth and gill cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centropristis", + "genus Centropristis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea basses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock sea bass", + "rock bass", + "Centropristis philadelphica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sea bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black sea bass", + "black bass", + "Centropistes striata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish black-striped sea bass of the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roccus", + "genus Roccus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Serranidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped bass", + "striper", + "Roccus saxatilis", + "rockfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine food and game fish with dark longitudinal stripes; migrates upriver to spawn; sometimes placed in the genus Morone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyprion", + "genus Polyprion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wreckfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone bass", + "wreckfish", + "Polyprion americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Polyprion americanus", + "cerna", + "cernia", + "cernia di fondale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown fish of the Atlantic and Mediterranean found around rocks and shipwrecks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serranus", + "genus Serranus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Serranidae: mostly small Pacific sea basses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belted sandfish", + "Serranus subligarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in warm shallow waters of western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouper" + ], + "it": [ + "cerna", + "cernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually solitary bottom sea basses of warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epinephelus", + "genus Epinephelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of groupers or sea bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coney", + "Epinephelus fulvus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-spotted usually dusky-colored fish with reddish fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock hind", + "Epinephelus adscensionis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found around rocky coasts or on reefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paranthias", + "genus Paranthias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Serranidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creole-fish", + "Paranthias furcifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea fish of tropical Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycteroperca", + "genus Mycteroperca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "groupers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewfish", + "Mycteroperca bonaci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark grouper with a thick head and rough scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rypticus", + "genus Rypticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish of the family Serranidae, including soapfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes with slimy mucus-covered skin; found in the warm Atlantic coastal waters of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Embiotocidae", + "family Embiotocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viviparous percoid fishes comprising the surf fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfperch", + "surffish", + "surf fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized shallow-water fishes of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hipsurus", + "genus Hipsurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Embiotocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow seaperch", + "rainbow perch", + "Hipsurus caryi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific coast fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priacanthidae", + "family Priacanthidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small carnivorous percoid fishes found worldwide in tropical seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priacanthus", + "genus Priacanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Priacanthidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red fishes of American coastal tropical waters having very large eyes and rough scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalufa", + "Priacanthus arenatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored carnivorous fish of western Atlantic and West Indies waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apogonidae", + "family Apogonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright-colored marine fishes that incubate eggs in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinalfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red fishes of coral reefs and inshore tropical waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apogon", + "genus Apogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Apogonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame fish", + "flamefish", + "Apogon maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cardinalfish found in tropical Atlantic coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astropogon", + "genus Astropogon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish of the family Apogonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conchfish", + "Astropogon stellatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in West Indies; lives in mantle cavity of a living conch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malacanthidae", + "family Malacanthidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short-headed marine fishes; often brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lopholatilus", + "genus Lopholatilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large brightly colored food fish of deep Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilefish", + "Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-spotted violet food fish of warm deep waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomatomidae", + "family Pomatomidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food and game fishes related to pompanos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomatomus", + "genus Pomatomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pomatomidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluefish", + "Pomatomus saltatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish warm-water marine food and game fish that follow schools of small fishes into shallow waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rachycentridae", + "family Rachycentridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of pelagic fishes containing solely the cobia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rachycentron", + "genus Rachycentron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus and family are coextensive and comprise only the cobia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobia", + "Rachycentron canadum", + "sergeant fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark-striped tropical food and game fish related to remoras; found worldwide in coastal to open waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Discocephali", + "order Discocephali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order of fishes comprising the remoras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echeneididae", + "family Echeneididae", + "family Echeneidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes having a sucking disk on the head for clinging to other fishes and to ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remora", + "suckerfish", + "sucking fish" + ], + "it": [ + "remora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine fishes with a flattened elongated body and a sucking disk on the head for attaching to large fish or moving objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echeneis", + "genus Echeneis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Echeneididae: typical remoras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharksucker", + "Echeneis naucrates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remoras found attached to sharks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Remilegia", + "genus Remilegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Echeneididae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale sucker", + "whalesucker", + "Remilegia australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large blue Pacific remora that attaches to whales and dolphins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carangidae", + "family Carangidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of narrow-bodied marine food fishes with widely forked tails; chiefly of warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carangid fish", + "carangid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percoid fish of the family Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caranx", + "genus Caranx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "luccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fast-swimming predacious fishes of tropical to warm temperate seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crevalle jack", + "jack crevalle", + "Caranx hippos" + ], + "it": [ + "Caranx hippos", + "carango cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow jack", + "Caranx bartholomaei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner", + "blue runner", + "Caranx crysos" + ], + "it": [ + "Caranx crysos", + "carangidi", + "carango mediterraneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of western Atlantic: Cape Cod to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elagatis", + "genus Elagatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow runner", + "Elagatis bipinnulata" + ], + "it": [ + "Elagatis bipinnulata", + "seriolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "streamlined cigar-shaped jack; good game fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oligoplites", + "genus Oligoplites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leatherjackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherjacket", + "leatherjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several New World tropical fishes having tiny embedded scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alectis", + "genus Alectis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threadfish", + "thread-fish", + "Alectis ciliaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish having greatly elongated front rays on dorsal and anal fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selene", + "genus Selene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonfish", + "Atlantic moonfish", + "horsefish", + "horsehead", + "horse-head", + "dollarfish", + "Selene setapinnis" + ], + "it": [ + "Selene setapinnis", + "pesce ascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several silvery marine fishes with very flat bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lookdown", + "lookdown fish", + "Selene vomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to moonfish but with eyes high on the truncated forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seriola", + "genus Seriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amberjack", + "amberfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several amber to coppery fork-tailed warm-water carangid fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowtail", + "Seriola dorsalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game fish of southern California and Mexico having a yellow tail fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudderfish", + "banded rudderfish", + "Seriola zonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish having the habit of following ships; found in North American and South American coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingfish", + "Seriola grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large game fish of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trachinotus", + "genus Trachinotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several deep-bodied food fishes of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida pompano", + "Trachinotus carolinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Trachinotus carolinus", + "leccia stella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in coastal waters New England to Brazil except clear waters of West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permit", + "Trachinotus falcatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large game fish; found in waters of the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naucrates", + "genus Naucrates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilotfish", + "Naucrates ductor" + ], + "it": [ + "Naucrates ductor", + "fanfano", + "pesce pilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pelagic fish often accompanying sharks or mantas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a number of fishes of the family Carangidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trachurus", + "genus Trachurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scads (particularly horse mackerels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse mackerel", + "jack mackerel", + "Spanish mackerel", + "saurel", + "Trachurus symmetricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a California food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse mackerel", + "saurel", + "Trachurus trachurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Trachurus trachurus", + "scombro bastardo", + "sorello", + "sugarello", + "suro", + "suro di fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large elongated compressed food fish of the Atlantic waters of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selar", + "genus Selar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "big-eyed scad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigeye scad", + "big-eyed scad", + "goggle-eye", + "Selar crumenophthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Atlantic coastal waters; commonly used for bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decapterus", + "genus Decapterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scads especially mackerel scad; cosmopolitan in distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackerel scad", + "mackerel shad", + "Decapterus macarellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silvery fish; Nova Scotia to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round scad", + "cigarfish", + "quiaquia", + "Decapterus punctatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fusiform fish of western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coryphaenidae", + "family Coryphaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large active pelagic percoid fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphinfish", + "dolphin", + "mahimahi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large slender food and game fish widely distributed in warm seas (especially around Hawaii)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coryphaena hippurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Coryphaena hippurus", + "lampuca", + "lampuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the more common dolphinfish valued as food; about six feet long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coryphaena equisetis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of dolphinfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bramidae", + "family Bramidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-bodied percoid fishes of the open seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brama", + "genus Brama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bramidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomfret", + "Brama raii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific; valued for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Branchiostegidae", + "family Branchiostegidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of marine fishes having covered gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanquillo", + "tilefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important marine food fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Characidae", + "family Characidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical freshwater fishes of Africa and South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Characinidae", + "family Characinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former name of the Characidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characin", + "characin fish", + "characid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any freshwater fish of the family Characinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemigrammus", + "genus Hemigrammus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tetras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored tropical freshwater fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paracheirodon", + "genus Paracheirodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Characidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal tetra", + "Paracheirodon axelrodi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bright red and blue aquarium fish from streams in Brazil and Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serrasalmus", + "genus Serrasalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piranhas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piranha", + "pirana", + "caribe" + ], + "it": [ + "piranha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small voraciously carnivorous freshwater fishes of South America that attack and destroy living animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tentacle" + ], + "it": [ + "tentacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various elongated tactile or prehensile flexible organs that occur on the head or near the mouth in many animals; used for feeling or grasping or locomotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antenna", + "feeler" + ], + "it": [ + "antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of mobile appendages on the head of e.g. insects and crustaceans; typically sensitive to touch and taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bristlelike process near the tip of the antenna of certain flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbel", + "feeler" + ], + "it": [ + "barba", + "barbiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender tactile process on the jaws of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimmeret", + "pleopod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the paired abdominal appendages of certain aquatic crustaceans that function primarily for carrying the eggs in females and are usually adapted for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cichlidae", + "family Cichlidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cichlids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cichlid", + "cichlid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater fishes of tropical America and Africa and Asia similar to American sunfishes; some are food fishes; many small ones are popular in aquariums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tilapia", + "genus Tilapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Cichlidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolti", + "Tilapia nilotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish of the Nile and other rivers of Africa and Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutjanidae", + "family Lutjanidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snappers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutjanus", + "genus Lutjanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lutjanidae: snappers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red snapper", + "Lutjanus blackfordi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an esteemed food fish with pinkish red head and body; common in the Atlantic coastal waters of North America and the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey snapper", + "gray snapper", + "mangrove snapper", + "Lutjanus griseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lutjanus griseus", + "lutianido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in shallow waters off the coast of Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutton snapper", + "muttonfish", + "Lutjanus analis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to and often marketed as `red snapper'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolmaster", + "Lutjanus apodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of warm Caribbean and Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ocyurus", + "genus Ocyurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snappers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowtail", + "yellowtail snapper", + "Ocyurus chrysurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superior food fish of the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean with broad yellow stripe along the sides and on the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemulidae", + "family Haemulidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grunts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter grunting sounds when caught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haemulon", + "genus Haemulon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Haemulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margate", + "Haemulon album" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grunt with a red mouth that is found from Florida to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish grunt", + "Haemulon macrostomum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of grunt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomtate", + "Haemulon aurolineatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found off the West Indies and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonwick", + "Haemulon malanurum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of warm Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailor's-choice", + "sailors choice", + "Haemulon parra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grunt found from Florida to Brazil and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anisotremus", + "genus Anisotremus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Haemulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porkfish", + "pork-fish", + "Anisotremus virginicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black and gold grunt found from Bermuda to Caribbean to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompon", + "black margate", + "Anisotremus surinamensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dusky grey food fish found from Louisiana and Florida southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthopristis", + "genus Orthopristis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Haemulidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigfish", + "hogfish", + "Orthopristis chrysopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found from Long Island southward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparidae", + "family Sparidae" + ], + "it": [ + "Sparidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porgies; scups" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia di pesci perciformi con corpo allungato e un'unica pinna dorsale di cui fanno parte il dentice, l'orata e il sarago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparid", + "sparid fish" + ], + "it": [ + "sparide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea bream", + "bream" + ], + "it": [ + "cantaro", + "dentice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous marine percoid fishes especially (but not exclusively) of the family Sparidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important deep-bodied food and sport fish of warm and tropical coastal waters; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pagrus", + "genus Pagrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sparidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red porgy", + "Pagrus pagrus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pagrus pagrus", + "pagro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pagellus", + "genus Pagellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea breams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European sea bream", + "Pagellus centrodontus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of European coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archosargus", + "genus Archosargus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sparidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic sea bream", + "Archosargus rhomboidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea bream of warm Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshead", + "Archosargus probatocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (up to 20 lbs) food fish of the eastern coast of the United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagodon", + "genus Lagodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sparidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinfish", + "sailor's-choice", + "squirrelfish", + "Lagodon rhomboides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to sea bream; small spiny-finned fish found in bays along the southeastern coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calamus", + "genus Calamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sparidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshead porgy", + "Calamus penna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from Florida and Bahamas to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chrysophrys", + "genus Chrysophrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian snapper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapper", + "Chrysophrys auratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian food fish having a pinkish body with blue spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bream", + "Chrysophrys australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important dark-colored edible food and game fish of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stenotomus", + "genus Stenotomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scup", + "northern porgy", + "northern scup", + "Stenotomus chrysops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in Atlantic coastal waters of North America from South Carolina to Maine; esteemed as a panfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scup", + "southern porgy", + "southern scup", + "Stenotomus aculeatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porgy of southern Atlantic coastal waters of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciaenidae", + "family Sciaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm-water marine fishes including the drums and grunts and croakers and sea trout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sciaenid fish", + "sciaenid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed family of carnivorous percoid fishes having a large air bladder used to produce sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum", + "drumfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium-sized bottom-dwelling food and game fishes of shallow coastal and fresh waters that make a drumming noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equetus", + "genus Equetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drumfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped drum", + "Equetus pulcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of drumfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackknife-fish", + "Equetus lanceolatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-and-white drumfish with an erect elongated dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bairdiella", + "genus Bairdiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drumfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver perch", + "mademoiselle", + "Bairdiella chrysoura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silvery drumfish often mistaken for white perch; found along coasts of United States from New York to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciaenops", + "genus Sciaenops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sciaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red drum", + "channel bass", + "redfish", + "Sciaenops ocellatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible fish found off coast of United States from Massachusetts to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciaena", + "genus Sciaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sciaenidae: croakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulloway", + "jewfish", + "Sciaena antarctica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large important food fish of Australia; almost indistinguishable from the maigre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maigre", + "maiger", + "Sciaena aquila" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European marine food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fishes that make a croaking noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micropogonias", + "genus Micropogonias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "croakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic croaker", + "Micropogonias undulatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Micropogonias undulatus", + "scienidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery-bodied croaker with dark markings and tiny barbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbrina", + "genus Umbrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "croakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowfin croaker", + "surffish", + "surf fish", + "Umbrina roncador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fish of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menticirrhus", + "genus Menticirrhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kingfishes; whiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several food fishes of North American coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several food and game fishes of the drum family indigenous to warm Atlantic waters of the North American coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king whiting", + "Menticirrhus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiting of the southeastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern whiting", + "Menticirrhus saxatilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiting of the east coast of United States; closely resembles king whiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbina", + "Menticirrhus undulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-grey whiting of California coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver whiting", + "Menticirrhus littoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull silvery whiting of southern Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genyonemus", + "genus Genyonemus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sciaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white croaker", + "chenfish", + "kingfish", + "Genyonemus lineatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silvery marine food fish found off California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seriphus", + "genus Seriphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Sciaenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white croaker", + "queenfish", + "Seriphus politus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery and bluish drumfish of shallow California coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several sciaenid fishes of North American coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynoscion", + "genus Cynoscion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea trout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakfish", + "Cynoscion regalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food and game fish of North American coastal waters with a mouth from which hooks easily tear out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted weakfish", + "spotted sea trout", + "spotted squeateague", + "Cynoscion nebulosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakfish of southern Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mullidae", + "family Mullidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goatfishes or red mullets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom dwelling marine warm water fishes with two barbels on the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mullus", + "genus Mullus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mullidae: goatfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goatfish", + "red mullet", + "surmullet", + "Mullus surmuletus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mullus surmuletus", + "bottarga", + "triglia", + "triglia di scoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored tropical fishes with chin barbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red goatfish", + "Mullus auratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "body bright scarlet with 2 yellow to reddish strips on side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mulloidichthys", + "genus Mulloidichthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Mullidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow goatfish", + "Mulloidichthys martinicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "schooling goatfish; greyish with yellow stripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mugiloidea", + "suborder Mugiloidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes distinguished by abdominal pelvic fins: families Mugilidae; Atherinidae; Sphyraenidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mugilidae", + "family Mugilidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey mullets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullet", + "grey mullet", + "gray mullet" + ], + "it": [ + "cefalo", + "muggine", + "volpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater or coastal food fishes a spindle-shaped body; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mugil", + "genus Mugil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Mugilidae: mullets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped mullet", + "Mugil cephalus" + ], + "it": [ + "Mugil cephalus", + "cefalo", + "cefalo mazzone", + "muggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most important commercial mullet in eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mullet", + "Mugil curema" + ], + "it": [ + "Mugil curema", + "cefalo", + "muggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery mullet of Atlantic and Pacific coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liza", + "Mugil liza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the striped mullet and takes its place in the Caribbean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atherinidae", + "family Atherinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny-finned fishes of both salt and fresh water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silversides", + "silverside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fishes having a silver stripe along each side; abundant along the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atherinopsis", + "genus Atherinopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Atherinidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacksmelt", + "Atherinopsis californiensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively large silversides of the Pacific coast of North America (known to reach 18 inches in length)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphyraenidae", + "family Sphyraenidae" + ], + "it": [ + "Sfirenidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotypic family of large active fishes of tropical and subtropical waters: barracuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphyraena", + "genus Sphyraena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of the Sphyraenidae: barracuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barracuda" + ], + "it": [ + "barracuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any voracious marine fish of the genus Sphyraena having an elongated cylindrical body and large mouth with projecting lower jaw and long strong teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great barracuda", + "Sphyraena barracuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large (up to 6 ft) greyish-brown barracuda highly regarded as a food and sport fish; may be dangerous to swimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pempheridae", + "family Pempheridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "little-known nocturnal fish of warm shallow seas with an oblong compressed body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyphosidae", + "family Kyphosidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea chubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea chub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "schooling fishes mostly of Indian and western Pacific oceans; two species in western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyphosus", + "genus Kyphosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Kyphosidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda chub", + "rudderfish", + "Kyphosus sectatrix" + ], + "it": [ + "Kyphosus sectatrix", + "pesce timone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephippidae", + "family Ephippidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family comprising the spadefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaetodipterus", + "genus Chaetodipterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ephippidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spadefish", + "angelfish", + "Chaetodipterus faber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-bodied disk-shaped food fish of warmer western Atlantic coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaetodontidae", + "family Chaetodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfly fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes having narrow deep bodies with large broad fins; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Chaetodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Chaetodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaetodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fish of the genus Chaetodon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomacanthus", + "genus Pomacanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angelfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butterfly fish of the genus Pomacanthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock beauty", + "Holocanthus tricolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gold and black butterflyfish found from West Indies to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomacentridae", + "family Pomacentridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damselfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damselfish", + "demoiselle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes of coral reefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomacentrus", + "genus Pomacentrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pomacentridae: damselfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaugregory", + "Pomacentrus leucostictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue and yellow damselfish of Bermuda and Florida and the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amphiprion", + "genus Amphiprion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damsel fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemone fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live associated with sea anemones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clown anemone fish", + "Amphiprion percula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anemone fish of the genus Amphiprion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abudefduf", + "genus Abudefduf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damsel fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sergeant major", + "Abudefduf saxatilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Abudefduf saxatilis", + "pesce damigella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large blue-grey black-striped damselfish; nearly worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labridae", + "family Labridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrasse" + ], + "it": [ + "labro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical marine fishes with fleshy lips and powerful teeth; usually brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achoerodus", + "genus Achoerodus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Labridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigfish", + "giant pigfish", + "Achoerodus gouldii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found around the Great Barrier Reef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lachnolaimus", + "genus Lachnolaimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Labridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogfish", + "hog snapper", + "Lachnolaimus maximus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large wrasse of western Atlantic; head of male resembles a pig's snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halicoeres", + "genus Halicoeres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Labridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slippery dick", + "Halicoeres bivittatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wrasse of tropical Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddingwife", + "pudding-wife", + "Halicoeres radiatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish and bronze wrasse; found from Florida keys to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thalassoma", + "genus Thalassoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Labridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluehead", + "Thalassoma bifasciatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Atlantic wrasse the male of which has a brilliant blue head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemipteronatus", + "genus Hemipteronatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "razor fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razor fish", + "razor-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small wrasses with compressed sharp-edged heads of the West Indies and Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearly razorfish", + "Hemipteronatus novacula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of razor fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tautoga", + "genus Tautoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tautogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tautog", + "blackfish", + "Tautoga onitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark-colored food fish of the Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tautogolabrus", + "genus Tautogolabrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Labridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cunner", + "bergall", + "Tautogolabrus adspersus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common in north Atlantic coastal waters of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scaridae", + "family Scaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parrotfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parrotfish", + "polly fish", + "pollyfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gaudy tropical fishes with parrotlike beaks formed by fusion of teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polynemidae", + "family Polynemidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "threadfins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threadfin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mullet-like tropical marine fishes having pectoral fins with long threadlike rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polydactylus", + "genus Polydactylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Polynemidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbu", + "Polydactylus virginicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found along western Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opisthognathidae", + "family Opisthognathidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jawfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jawfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small large-mouthed tropical marine fishes common along sandy bottoms; males brood egg balls in their mouths; popular aquarium fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uranoscopidae", + "family Uranoscopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stargazers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stargazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-bodied marine bottom-lurkers with eyes on flattened top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactyloscopidae", + "family Dactyloscopidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand stargazers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand stargazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pallid fishes of shoal tropical waters of North America and South America having eyes on stalks atop head; they burrow in sand to await prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blennioidea", + "suborder Blennioidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blennies; butterfishes; gunnels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blennioid fish", + "blennioid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated mostly scaleless marine fishes with large pectoral fins and reduced pelvic fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blenniidae", + "family Blenniidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish including: combtooth blennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blenny", + "combtooth blenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually scaleless fishes with comb-like teeth living about rocky shores; are territorial and live in holes between rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blennius", + "genus Blennius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Blenniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shanny", + "Blennius pholis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European scaleless blenny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scartella", + "genus Scartella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Blenniidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molly Miller", + "Scartella cristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabits both coasts of tropical Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinidae", + "family Clinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viviparous blennies of temperate and tropical seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinid", + "clinid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly small blennioid fishes of coral reefs and seagrass beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaenopsis", + "genus Chaenopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of fish of the family Clinidae including pikeblennies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pikeblenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American fishes; males are aggressively defensive of their territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluethroat pikeblenny", + "Chaenopsis ocellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found from Florida to Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholidae", + "family Pholidae", + "family Pholididae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish of suborder Blennioidea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunnel", + "bracketed blenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small eellike fishes common in shallow waters of the northern Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pholis", + "genus Pholis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pholidae: gunnels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock gunnel", + "butterfish", + "Pholis gunnellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slippery scaleless food fish of the northern Atlantic coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stichaeidae", + "family Stichaeidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pricklebacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickleback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small elongate fishes of shallow northern seas; a long dorsal fin consists entirely of spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lumpenus", + "genus Lumpenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stichaeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakeblenny", + "Lumpenus lumpretaeformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in Arctic and northern Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eelblenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eellike fishes found in subarctic coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptacanthodes", + "genus Cryptacanthodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stichaeidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrymouth", + "ghostfish", + "Cryptacanthodes maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eellike Atlantic bottom fish with large almost vertical mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anarhichadidae", + "family Anarhichadidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wolffishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anarhichas", + "genus Anarhichas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Anarhichadidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolffish", + "wolf fish", + "catfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ferocious northern deep-sea food fishes with strong teeth and no pelvic fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoarcidae", + "family Zoarcidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eelpouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eelpout", + "pout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine eellike mostly bottom-dwelling fishes of northern seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoarces", + "genus Zoarces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Zoarcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viviparous eelpout", + "Zoarces viviparus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eelpout of northern Europe that is viviparous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnelis", + "genus Gymnelis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Zoarcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish doctor", + "Gymnelis viridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored scaleless Arctic eelpout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macrozoarces", + "genus Macrozoarces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Zoarcidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean pout", + "Macrozoarces americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common along northeastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ammodytidae", + "family Ammodytidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand lances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ammodytes", + "genus Ammodytes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Ammodytidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand lance", + "sand launce", + "sand eel", + "launce" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small silvery eellike schooling fishes that burrow into sandy beaches" + ], + "it": [ + "anguilla della sabbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callionymidae", + "family Callionymidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dragonets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragonet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small often brightly colored scaleless marine bottom-dwellers; found in tropical and warm temperate waters of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gobiidae", + "family Gobiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gobies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goby", + "gudgeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny-finned fish of coastal or brackish waters having a large head and elongated tapering body having the ventral fins modified as a sucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Periophthalmus", + "genus Periophthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Gobiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudskipper", + "mudspringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found in tropical coastal regions of Africa and Asia; able to move on land on strong pectoral fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eleotridae", + "family Eleotridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper", + "sleeper goby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fish that resembles a goby and rests quietly on the bottom in shallow water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percophidae", + "family Percophidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "percoid flatheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flathead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pallid bottom-dwelling flat-headed fish with large eyes and a duck-like snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toxotidae", + "family Toxotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archerfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toxotes", + "genus Toxotes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Toxotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archerfish", + "Toxotes jaculatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small freshwater fishes that catch insects by squirting water at them and knocking them into the water; found in Indonesia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microdesmidae", + "family Microdesmidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worm fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poorly known family of small tropical shallow-water fishes related to gobies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthuridae", + "family Acanthuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgeonfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgeonfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly colored coral-reef fish with knifelike spines at the tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthurus", + "genus Acanthurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Acanthuridae: doctorfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctorfish", + "doctor-fish", + "Acanthurus chirurgus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgeon fish of the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gempylidae", + "family Gempylidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snake mackerels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gempylid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snake mackerels; elongated marine fishes with oily flesh; resembles mackerels; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gempylus", + "genus Gempylus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gempylidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake mackerel", + "Gempylus serpens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predatory tropical fishes with jutting jaws and strong teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidocybium", + "genus Lepidocybium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Gempylidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escolar", + "Lepidocybium flavobrunneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large snake mackerel with rings like spectacles around its eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilfish", + "Ruvettus pretiosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ruvettus pretiosus", + "ruvetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large deep-water snake mackerel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichiuridae", + "family Trichiuridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutlassfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutlassfish", + "frost fish", + "hairtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-bodied marine fishes having a long whiplike scaleless body and sharp teeth; closely related to snake mackerel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scombroidea", + "suborder Scombroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mackerels; tunas; albacores; bonitos; swordfishes; sailfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scombroid", + "scombroid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important marine food and game fishes found in all tropical and temperate seas; some are at least partially endothermic and can thrive in colder waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scombridae", + "family Scombridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine food fishes: mackerels; chub mackerels; tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackerel" + ], + "it": [ + "sgombro", + "maccarello", + "scombro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fishes of the family Scombridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scomber", + "genus Scomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Scombridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common mackerel", + "shiner", + "Scomber scombrus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scomber scombrus", + "colatura", + "lacerta", + "lacerto", + "macarello", + "maccerello", + "sgombro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish of the northern Atlantic and Mediterranean; its body is greenish-blue with dark bars and small if any scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish mackerel", + "Scomber colias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized mackerel of temperate Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chub mackerel", + "tinker", + "Scomber japonicus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scomber japonicus", + "lanciardo", + "lanzardo", + "scombro cavallo", + "scombro macchiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mackerel found nearly worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthocybium", + "genus Acanthocybium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wahoos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wahoo", + "Acanthocybium solandri" + ], + "it": [ + "Acanthocybium solandri", + "acantocibio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fast-moving predacious food and game fish; found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scomberomorus", + "genus Scomberomorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish mackerels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish mackerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large marine food fishes of the genus Scomberomorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king mackerel", + "cavalla", + "cero", + "Scomberomorus cavalla" + ], + "it": [ + "Scomberomorus cavalla", + "sgombro reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mackerel with long pointed snout; important food and game fish of the eastern Atlantic coast southward to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scomberomorus maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large commercially important mackerel of the Atlantic coastal waters of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cero", + "pintado", + "kingfish", + "Scomberomorus regalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large edible mackerel of temperate United States coastal Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sierra", + "Scomberomorus sierra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish mackerel of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thunnus", + "genus Thunnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tunas: warm-blooded fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna", + "tunny" + ], + "it": [ + "tonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albacore", + "long-fin tunny", + "Thunnus alalunga" + ], + "it": [ + "tonno bianco", + "alalunga", + "alalonga", + "albacora", + "Thunnus alalunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pelagic tuna the source of most canned tuna; reaches 93 pounds and has long pectoral fins; found worldwide in tropical and temperate waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluefin", + "bluefin tuna", + "horse mackerel", + "Thunnus thynnus" + ], + "it": [ + "tonno rosso", + "tonno comune", + "Thunnus thynnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest tuna; to 1500 pounds; of mostly temperate seas: feed in polar regions but breed in tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowfin", + "yellowfin tuna", + "Thunnus albacares" + ], + "it": [ + "tonno albacora", + "tonno pinna gialla", + "Thunnus albacares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "may reach 400 pounds; worldwide in tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarda", + "genus Sarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bonitos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various scombroid fishes intermediate in size and characteristics between mackerels and tunas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skipjack", + "Atlantic bonito", + "Sarda sarda" + ], + "it": [ + "Sarda sarda", + "bonnicou", + "cavaritu imperiali", + "paamie", + "palametto", + "palamia", + "palamide", + "palamita", + "palamitu maiaticus", + "parantuni", + "pelamida", + "pilamitu", + "pirantuni", + "pisantuni", + "sangulu", + "scurma", + "sgamiru", + "sgonfietto", + "strombo", + "tombarello", + "tunnacchiu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tuna-like food fish of warm Atlantic and Pacific waters; less valued than tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chile bonito", + "Chilean bonito", + "Pacific bonito", + "Sarda chiliensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common bonito of Pacific coast of the Americas; its dark oily flesh cans well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euthynnus", + "genus Euthynnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Scombridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skipjack", + "skipjack tuna", + "Euthynnus pelamis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oceanic schooling tuna of considerable value in Pacific but less in Atlantic; reaches 75 pounds; very similar to if not the same as oceanic bonito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katsuwonus", + "genus Katsuwonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oceanic bonitos; in some classifications placed in its own family Katsuwonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katsuwonidae", + "family Kasuwonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a separate family comprising the oceanic bonitos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonito", + "oceanic bonito", + "Katsuwonus pelamis" + ], + "it": [ + "Katsuwonus pelamis", + "impiriali", + "nzirru", + "paamia", + "paamitun", + "palamatu", + "palametto", + "palamida", + "palamitu", + "palometta", + "tonina de Dalmazia", + "tonnetto", + "tonnetto striato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish whose flesh is dried and flaked for Japanese cookery; may be same species as skipjack tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xiphiidae", + "family Xiphiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the common swordfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xiphias", + "genus Xiphias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Xiphiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swordfish", + "Xiphias gladius" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce spada", + "Xiphias gladius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large toothless marine food fish with a long swordlike upper jaw; not completely cold-blooded i.e. they are able to warm their brains and eyes: worldwide in warm waters but feed on cold ocean floor coming to surface at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Istiophoridae", + "family Istiophoridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sailfishes; spearfishes; marlins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailfish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce vela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pelagic game fish having an elongated upper jaw and long dorsal fin that resembles a sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Istiophorus", + "genus Istiophorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Istiophoridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic sailfish", + "Istiophorus albicans" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce vela atlantico", + "Istiophorus albicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sailfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant warm-water game fish having a prolonged and rounded toothless upper jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Makaira", + "genus Makaira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marlins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large long-jawed oceanic sport fishes; related to sailfishes and spearfishes; not completely cold-blooded i.e. able to warm their brains and eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue marlin", + "Makaira nigricans" + ], + "it": [ + "Makaira nigricans", + "marlin azzurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest marlin; may reach 2000 pounds; found worldwide in warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black marlin", + "Makaira mazara", + "Makaira marlina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large game fish in the Pacific Ocean; may reach 1000 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped marlin", + "Makaira mitsukurii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific food and game fish marked with dark blue vertical stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white marlin", + "Makaira albida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small marlin (to 180 pounds) of western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetrapturus", + "genus Tetrapturus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Istiophoridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large vigorous pelagic fishes resembling sailfishes but with first dorsal fin much reduced; worldwide but rare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luvaridae", + "family Luvaridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "louvars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luvarus", + "genus Luvarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Luvaridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louvar", + "Luvarus imperialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large silvery fish found worldwide in warm seas but nowhere common; resembles a whale and feeds on plankton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stromateidae", + "family Stromateidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfishes: harvest fishes; dollar fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfish", + "stromateid fish", + "stromateid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small marine fish with a short compressed body and feeble spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poronotus", + "genus Poronotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollarfish", + "Poronotus triacanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small food fish of Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Palometa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palometa", + "California pompano", + "Palometa simillima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smaller than Florida pompano; common in West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paprilus", + "genus Paprilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvestfish", + "Paprilus alepidotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfish up to a foot long of Atlantic waters from Chesapeake Bay to Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psenes", + "genus Psenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driftfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small (6 inches) tropical butterfishes found worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ariomma", + "genus Ariomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driftfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larger butterfishes of the western Atlantic from the New York area to the northern Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetragonurus", + "genus Tetragonurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squaretail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sluggish square-tailed fish armored with tough bony scales; of deep warm waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyperoglyphe", + "genus Hyperoglyphe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Stromateidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrelfish", + "black rudderfish", + "Hyperglyphe perciformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackish fish of New England waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gobiesocidae", + "family Gobiesocidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clingfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gobiesox", + "genus Gobiesox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gobiesocidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clingfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small (to 3 inches) flattened marine fish with a sucking disc on the abdomen for clinging to rocks etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skillet fish", + "skilletfish", + "Gobiesox strumosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clingfish with typical skillet shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobotidae", + "family Lobotidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tripletails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobotes", + "genus Lobotes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lobotidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripletail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large food fish of warm waters worldwide having long anal and dorsal fins that with a caudal fin suggest a three-lobed tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic tripletail", + "Lobotes surinamensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Lobotes surinamensis", + "pesce foglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tripletail found from Cape Cod to northern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific tripletail", + "Lobotes pacificus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tripletail found in the Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerreidae", + "family Gerreidae", + "Gerridae", + "family Gerridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mojarras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mojarra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small silvery schooling fishes with protrusible mouths found in warm coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gerres", + "genus Gerres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gerreidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowfin mojarra", + "Gerres cinereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular panfish from Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eucinostomus", + "genus Eucinostomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Gerreidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver jenny", + "Eucinostomus gula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery mojarra found along sandy shores of the western Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sillaginidae", + "family Sillaginidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of small food fishes in shallow waters of the Pacific around Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sillago", + "genus Sillago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Sillaginidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fish of the genus Sillago; excellent food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ganoin", + "ganoine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shiny substance that resemble enamel and is secreted by the corium of certain fishes (especially ganoid fishes) and composes the outer layer of their scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ganoidei", + "order Ganoidei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of mostly extinct primitive bony fishes characterized by armor-like bony scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ganoid", + "ganoid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive fishes having thick bony scales with a shiny covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amiidae", + "family Amiidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only the bowfins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amia", + "genus Amia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Amiidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowfin", + "grindle", + "dogfish", + "Amia calva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive long-bodied carnivorous freshwater fish with a very long dorsal fin; found in sluggish waters of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyodontidae", + "family Polyodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paddlefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyodon", + "genus Polyodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Polyodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddlefish", + "duckbill", + "Polyodon spathula" + ], + "it": [ + "Polyodon spathula", + "pesce spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive fish of the Mississippi valley having a long paddle-shaped snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psephurus", + "genus Psephurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Polyodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese paddlefish", + "Psephurus gladis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish of larger rivers of China similar to the Mississippi paddlefish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acipenseridae", + "family Acipenseridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sturgeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sturgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "storione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large primitive fishes valued for their flesh and roe; widely distributed in the North Temperate Zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acipenser", + "genus Acipenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Acipenseridae: sturgeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific sturgeon", + "white sturgeon", + "Sacramento sturgeon", + "Acipenser transmontanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acipenser transmontanus", + "storione bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food and game fish of marine and fresh waters of northwestern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beluga", + "hausen", + "white sturgeon", + "Acipenser huso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable source of caviar and isinglass; found in Black and Caspian seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepisosteidae", + "family Lepisosteidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises the genus Lepisosteus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepisosteus", + "genus Lepisosteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Lepisosteidae: freshwater gars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gar", + "garfish", + "garpike", + "billfish", + "Lepisosteus osseus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive predaceous North American fish covered with hard scales and having long jaws with needlelike teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleroparei", + "order Scleroparei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scorpionfishes; sculpins; gurnards; greenlings; flying gurnards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpaenoidea", + "suborder Scorpaenoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail-cheeked fishes: scorpionfishes; gurnards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpaenoid", + "scorpaenoid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fishes having the head armored with bony plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpaenidae", + "family Scorpaenidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scorpionfishes; rockfishes; lionfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpaenid", + "scorpaenid fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous carnivorous usually bottom-dwelling warm-water marine fishes found worldwide but most abundant in the Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpaena", + "genus Scorpaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Scorpaenidae: scorpionfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorpionfish", + "scorpion fish", + "sea scorpion" + ], + "it": [ + "scorfano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine fishes having a tapering body with an armored head and venomous spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumed scorpionfish", + "Scorpaena grandicornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of scorpionfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pterois", + "genus Pterois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lionfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lionfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightly striped fish of the tropical Pacific having elongated spiny fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synanceja", + "genus Synanceja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stonefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonefish", + "Synanceja verrucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "venomous tropical marine fish resembling a piece of rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sebastodes", + "genus Sebastodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rockfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine food fish found among rocks along the northern coasts of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper rockfish", + "Sebastodes caurinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rockfish of the Pacific coastal waters of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermillion rockfish", + "rasher", + "Sebastodes miniatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially important fish of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red rockfish", + "Sebastodes ruberrimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fish of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosefish", + "ocean perch", + "Sebastodes marinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fish of northern Atlantic coasts of America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cottidae", + "family Cottidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sculpins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cottus", + "genus Cottus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cottidae: sculpins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous spiny large-headed usually scaleless scorpaenoid fishes with broad mouths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater sculpin with a large flattened bony-plated head with hornlike spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miller's-thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small freshwater sculpin of Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemitripterus", + "genus Hemitripterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea ravens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea raven", + "Hemitripterus americanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sculpin of western Atlantic; inflates itself when caught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myxocephalus", + "genus Myxocephalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grubby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grubby", + "Myxocephalus aenaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sculpin of the coast of New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclopteridae", + "family Cyclopteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lumpfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclopterus", + "genus Cyclopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Cyclopteridae: lumpfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumpfish", + "Cyclopterus lumpus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cyclopterus lumpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clumsy soft thick-bodied northern Atlantic fish with pelvic fins fused into a sucker; edible roe used for caviar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumpsucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several very small lumpfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liparididae", + "family Liparididae", + "Liparidae", + "family Liparidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snailfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liparis", + "genus Liparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Liparididae: snailfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snailfish", + "seasnail", + "sea snail", + "Liparis liparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tadpole-shaped cold-water fishes with pelvic fins forming a sucker; related to lumpfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agonidae", + "family Agonidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poachers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poacher", + "sea poacher", + "sea poker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender fish (to 8 inches) with body covered by bony plates; chiefly of deeper northern Pacific waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agonus", + "genus Agonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Agonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pogge", + "armed bullhead", + "Agonus cataphractus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern Atlantic sea poacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aspidophoroides", + "genus Aspidophoroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alligatorfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligatorfish", + "Aspidophoroides monopterygius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small very elongate sea poachers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexagrammidae", + "family Hexagrammidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenlings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of the northern Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hexagrammos", + "genus Hexagrammos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Hexagrammidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kelp greenling", + "Hexagrammos decagrammus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common food and sport fish of western coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxylebius", + "genus Oxylebius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Hexagrammidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painted greenling", + "convict fish", + "convictfish", + "Oxylebius pictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenling with whitish body marked with black bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platycephalidae", + "family Platycephalidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scorpaenoid flatheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flathead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triglidae", + "family Triglidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications restricted to the gurnards and subdivided into the subfamilies Triglinae (true sea robins) and Peristediinae (armored sea robins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gurnard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottom-dwelling coastal fishes with spiny armored heads and fingerlike pectoral fins used for crawling along the sea bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triga", + "genus Triga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Triglidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tub gurnard", + "yellow gurnard", + "Trigla lucerna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of gurnard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea robin", + "searobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American gurnard; mostly found in bays and estuaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triglinae", + "subfamily Triglinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a subfamily of Triglidae comprising searobins having ordinary scales and no barbels (true searobins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prionotus", + "genus Prionotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Triglidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern sea robin", + "Prionotus carolinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large searobin; found from Nova Scotia to Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peristediinae", + "subfamily Peristediinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a subfamily of Triglidae comprising the armored searobins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peristedion", + "genus Peristedion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications the type genus of the subfamily Peristediinae: armored sea robins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored searobin", + "armored sea robin", + "Peristedion miniatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sea robins having bony scutes on the body and barbels on the chin; found mostly on the continental slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylopteridae", + "family Dactylopteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flying gurnards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dactylopterus", + "genus Dactylopterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Dactylopteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying gurnard", + "flying robin", + "butterflyfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fish with huge fanlike pectoral fins for underwater gliding; unrelated to searobins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plectognathi", + "order Plectognathi", + "order Tetraodontiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxfishes; filefishes; globefishes; ocean sunfishes; triggerfishes; puffers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plectognath", + "plectognath fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical marine fishes having the teeth fused into a beak and thick skin covered with bony plates or spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balistidae", + "family Balistidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "triggerfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triggerfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous compressed deep-bodied tropical fishes with sandpapery skin and erectile spines in the first dorsal fin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balistes", + "genus Balistes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Balistidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen triggerfish", + "Bessy cerca", + "oldwench", + "oldwife", + "Balistes vetula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Atlantic fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monocanthidae", + "family Monocanthidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow flattened warm-water fishes with leathery skin and a long file-like dorsal spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monocanthus", + "genus Monocanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Monocanthidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherjacket", + "leatherfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several brightly colored tropical filefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostraciidae", + "family Ostraciidae", + "family Ostraciontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxfish", + "trunkfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small tropical fishes having body and head encased in bony plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lactophrys", + "genus Lactophrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Ostraciidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowfish", + "Lactophrys quadricornis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trunkfish having hornlike spines over the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetraodontidae", + "family Tetraodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffer", + "pufferfish", + "blowfish", + "globefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous marine fishes whose elongated spiny body can inflate itself with water or air to form a globe; several species contain a potent nerve poison; closely related to spiny puffers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diodontidae", + "family Diodontidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny puffers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny puffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffers having rigid or erectile spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diodon", + "genus Diodon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Diodontidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porcupinefish", + "porcupine fish", + "Diodon hystrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spines become erect when the body is inflated; worldwide in warm waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloonfish", + "Diodon holocanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than porcupinefish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilomycterus", + "genus Chilomycterus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burrfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burrfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fishes having rigid flattened spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molidae", + "family Molidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ocean sunfishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Molidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean sunfish", + "sunfish", + "mola", + "headfish" + ], + "it": [ + "mola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "among the largest bony fish; pelagic fish having an oval compressed body with high dorsal and anal fins and caudal fin reduced to a rudder-like lobe; worldwide in warm waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharptail mola", + "Mola lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caudal fin has a central projection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heterosomata", + "order Heterosomata", + "order Pleuronectiformes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatfishes: halibut; sole; flounder; plaice; turbot; tonguefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several families of fishes having flattened bodies that swim along the sea floor on one side of the body with both eyes on the upper side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flounder" + ], + "it": [ + "passera", + "passera di mare", + "platessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various European and non-European marine flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleuronectidae", + "family Pleuronectidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "righteye flounders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "righteye flounder", + "righteyed flounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flounders with both eyes on the right side of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleuronectes", + "genus Pleuronectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pleuronectidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaice", + "Pleuronectes platessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large European food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platichthys", + "genus Platichthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pleuronectidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European flatfish", + "Platichthys flesus" + ], + "it": [ + "Platichthys flesus", + "passera", + "passera nera", + "passera planuzza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important food fish of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limanda", + "genus Limanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pleuronectidae; righteye flounders having a humped nose and small scales; the underside is often brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowtail flounder", + "Limanda ferruginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American flounder having a yellowish tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudopleuronectes", + "genus Pseudopleuronectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pleuronectidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter flounder", + "blackback flounder", + "lemon sole", + "Pseudopleuronectes americanus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pseudopleuronectes americanus", + "sogliola limanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important American food fish in the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microstomus", + "genus Microstomus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pleuronectidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon sole", + "Microstomus kitt" + ], + "it": [ + "Microstomus kitt", + "sogliola limanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European flatfish highly valued as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippoglossoides", + "genus Hippoglossoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Pleuronectidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American plaice", + "Hippoglossoides platessoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippoglossoides platessoides", + "passera canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large American food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halibut", + "holibut" + ], + "it": [ + "halibut", + "ippoglosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marine food fish of the northern Atlantic or northern Pacific; the largest flatfish and one of the largest teleost fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippoglossus", + "genus Hippoglossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "halibuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic halibut", + "Hippoglossus hippoglossus" + ], + "it": [ + "Hippoglossus hippoglossus", + "halibut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest United States flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific halibut", + "Hippoglossus stenolepsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a righteye flounder found in the Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bothidae", + "family Bothidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fish of the order Heterosomata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lefteye flounder", + "lefteyed flounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatfishes with both eyes on the left side of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paralichthys", + "genus Paralichthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bothidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern flounder", + "Paralichthys lethostigmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flounder of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer flounder", + "Paralichthys dentatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flounder of eastern coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Etropus", + "genus Etropus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bothidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey flounder", + "gray flounder", + "Etropus rimosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flounder found from North Carolina to Florida and the eastern Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citharichthys", + "genus Citharichthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bothidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lefteye flounder found in coastal waters from New England to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horned whiff", + "Citharichthys cornutus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whiff found in waters from the Bahamas and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand dab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small food fishes of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scophthalmus", + "genus Scophthalmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bothidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windowpane", + "Scophthalmus aquosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very thin translucent flounder of the Atlantic coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brill", + "Scophthalmus rhombus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scophthalmus rhombus", + "rombo liscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psetta", + "genus Psetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Bothidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbot", + "Psetta maxima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large brownish European flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynoglossidae", + "family Cynoglossidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tonguefishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonguefish", + "tongue-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "left-eyed marine flatfish whose tail tapers to a point; of little commercial value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soleidae", + "family Soleidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sole" + ], + "it": [ + "sogliola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solea", + "genus Solea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Soleidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European sole", + "Solea solea" + ], + "it": [ + "Solea solea", + "sogliola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly valued as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon sole", + "Solea lascaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parophrys", + "genus Parophrys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Soleidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English sole", + "lemon sole", + "Parophrys vitulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular pale brown food flatfish of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psettichthys", + "genus Psettichthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Soleidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand sole", + "Psettichthys melanostichus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common flatfish of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinectes", + "genus Trinectes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Soleidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogchoker", + "Trinectes maculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "useless as food; in coastal streams from Maine to Texas and Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thick skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin that is very thick (as an elephant or rhinoceros)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of an insect's body that bears the wings and legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prothorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior part of an insect's thorax; bears the first pair of legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamere", + "somite" + ], + "it": [ + "metamero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of similar body segments into which some animals are divided longitudinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric woven from goat hair and camel hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose sleeveless outer garment made from aba cloth; worn by Arabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abacus" + ], + "it": [ + "abaco", + "abbaco", + "pallottoliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculator that performs arithmetic functions by manually sliding counters on rods or in grooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abacus" + ], + "it": [ + "abaco", + "abbaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tablet placed horizontally on top of the capital of a column as an aid in supporting the architrave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandoned ship", + "derelict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship abandoned on the high seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the battery used to heat the filaments of a vacuum tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abattis", + "abatis" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of defense consisting of a barrier of felled or live trees with branches (sharpened or with barbed wire entwined) pointed toward the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abattoir", + "butchery", + "shambles", + "slaughterhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "ammazzatoio", + "macello", + "mattatoio", + "scannatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where animals are butchered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arabic) a loose black robe from head to toe; traditionally worn by Muslim women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abbe condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condenser having 2 or 3 lenses with wide aperture for use in microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbey" + ], + "it": [ + "abbazia", + "badia", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monastery ruled by an abbot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbey" + ], + "it": [ + "abbazia", + "badia", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convent ruled by an abbess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbey" + ], + "it": [ + "abbazia", + "badia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church associated with a monastery or convent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abney level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surveying instrument consisting of a spirit level and a sighting tube; used to measure the angle of inclination of a line from the observer to the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abortifacient", + "aborticide", + "abortion-inducing drug" + ], + "it": [ + "abortivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (or other chemical agent) that causes abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abortion pill", + "mifepristone", + "RU 486" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abortion-inducing drug (trade name RU_486) developed in France; when taken during the first five weeks of pregnancy it blocks the action of progesterone so that the uterus sloughs off the embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrader", + "abradant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool or machine used for wearing down or smoothing or polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrading stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive stone artifact (usually made of sandstone) used as an abrader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abstract Expressionism", + "action painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New York school of painting characterized by freely created abstractions; the first important school of American painting to develop independently of European styles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractionism", + "abstract art" + ], + "it": [ + "astrattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract genre of art; artistic content depends on internal form rather than pictorial representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abutment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a masonry support that touches and directly receives thrust or pressure of an arch or bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abutment arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch supported by an abutment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a costume worn on formal occasions by the faculty or students of a university or college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic gown", + "academic robe", + "judge's robe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gown worn by academics or judges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learned establishment for the advancement of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acapulco gold", + "Mexican green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particularly potent variety of marijuana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerator", + "throttle", + "throttle valve" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola a farfalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve that regulates the supply of fuel to the engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerator", + "particle accelerator", + "atom smasher" + ], + "it": [ + "acceleratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerator", + "accelerator pedal", + "gas pedal", + "gas", + "throttle", + "gun" + ], + "it": [ + "acceleratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedal that controls the throttle valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerometer" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring the acceleration of aircraft or rockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access", + "approach" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of entering or leaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access", + "memory access" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the operation of reading or writing stored information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory", + "appurtenance", + "supplement", + "add-on" + ], + "it": [ + "accessorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplementary component that improves capability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory", + "accoutrement", + "accouterment" + ], + "it": [ + "accessorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access road", + "slip road" + ], + "it": [ + "corsia di accelerazione", + "raccordo di entrata", + "rampa di accesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short road giving access to an expressway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodating lens implant", + "accommodating IOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens implant containing a hinge that allows for both near and far vision (thus mimicking the natural lens of a young person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living quarters provided for public convenience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a portable ladder hung over the side of a vessel to give access to small boats alongside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accordion", + "piano accordion", + "squeeze box" + ], + "it": [ + "fisarmonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable box-shaped free-reed instrument; the reeds are made to vibrate by air from the bellows controlled by the player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accumulator", + "accumulator register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a register that has a built-in adder that adds an input number to the contents of the register" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace" + ], + "it": [ + "asso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck having a single pip on its face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acebutolol", + "Sectral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral beta blocker (trade name Sectral) used in treating hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ACE inhibitor", + "angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihypertensive drug that blocks the formation of angiotensin II in the kidney, leading to relaxation of the arteries; promotes the excretion of salt and water by inhibiting the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme; also used to treat congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace of clubs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ace in the club suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace of diamonds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ace in the diamond suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace of hearts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ace in the heart suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace of spades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ace in the spade suit; sometimes taken as a portent of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetaminophen", + "Datril", + "Tylenol", + "Panadol", + "Phenaphen", + "Tempra", + "Anacin III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analgesic for mild pain but not for inflammation; also used as an antipyretic; (Datril, Tylenol, Panadol, Phenaphen, Tempra, and Anacin III are trademarks of brands of acetaminophen tablets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetanilide", + "acetanilid", + "phenylacetamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetate disk", + "phonograph recording disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disk coated with cellulose acetate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetate rayon", + "acetate" + ], + "it": [ + "acetato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made from fibers of cellulose acetate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetophenetidin", + "acetphenetidin", + "phenacetin" + ], + "it": [ + "fenacetina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromatic lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound lens system that forms an image free from chromatic aberration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid", + "back breaker", + "battery-acid", + "dose", + "dot", + "Elvis", + "loony toons", + "Lucy in the sky with diamonds", + "pane", + "superman", + "window pane", + "Zen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street name for lysergic acid diethylamide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorn tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small vacuum tube; used at high frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remedy for hearing loss or deafness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic delay line", + "sonic delay line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delay line based on the time of propagation of sound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for amplifying or transmitting sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic guitar" + ], + "it": [ + "chitarra acustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound is not amplified by electrical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic modem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modem that converts electrical signals to telephone tones and back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage device consisting of acoustic delay lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acropolis" + ], + "it": [ + "acropoli", + "cittadella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the citadel in ancient Greek towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrylic", + "acrylic paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used especially by artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actifed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a drug containing an antihistamine and a decongestant; used to treat upper respiratory conditions and minor allergies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinometer" + ], + "it": [ + "attinometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (usually by the photochemical effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various red antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action", + "action mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active matrix screen" + ], + "it": [ + "schermo a matrice attiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of LCD screen used for some portable computers; there is a separate circuit for each pixel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active placebo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a placebo used in experimental tests of a drug that has noticeable side effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actuator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that puts something into automatic action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acyclovir", + "Zovirax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antiviral drug (trade name Zovirax) used to treat genital herpes; does not cure the disease but relieves the symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adam", + "ecstasy", + "XTC", + "go", + "disco biscuit", + "cristal", + "X", + "hug drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for methylenedioxymethamphetamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adapter", + "adaptor" + ], + "it": [ + "adattatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that enables something to be used in a way different from that for which it was intended or makes different pieces of apparatus compatible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that adds numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adding machine", + "totalizer", + "totaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "addizionatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculator that performs simple arithmetic functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addition", + "add-on", + "improver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component that is added to something to improve it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "additive" + ], + "it": [ + "additivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to enhance food or gasoline or paint or medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addressing machine", + "Addressograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that automatically prints addresses on letters for mailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesive bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage consisting of a medical dressing of plain absorbent gauze held in place by a plastic or fabric tape coated with adhesive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesive tape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tape coated with adhesive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjoining room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel room that shares a wall with another hotel room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjustable wrench", + "adjustable spanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "can be changed to different settings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjuvant" + ], + "it": [ + "adiuvante", + "coadiuvante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additive that enhances the effectiveness of medical treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admixture", + "intermixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional ingredient that is added by mixing with the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adobe", + "adobe brick" + ], + "it": [ + "adobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sun-dried brick; used in hot dry climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adornment" + ], + "it": [ + "addobbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenergic", + "adrenergic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug that has the effects of epinephrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adumbration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sketchy or imperfect or faint representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adz", + "adze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool used to cut and shape wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeolian harp", + "aeolian lyre", + "wind harp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harp having strings tuned in unison; they sound when wind passes over them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for exposing something to the air (as sewage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerial ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanically extendible ladder; used on a fire truck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerial torpedo" + ], + "it": [ + "aerosiluro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torpedo designed to be launched from an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerosol", + "aerosol container", + "aerosol can", + "aerosol bomb", + "spray can" + ], + "it": [ + "aerosol", + "bombola", + "bombola spray", + "bomboletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dispenser that holds a substance under pressure and that can release it as a fine spray (usually by means of a propellant gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aertex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trademark for a loosely woven cotton fabric that is used to make shirts and underwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afghan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blanket knitted or crocheted in strips or squares; sometimes used as a shawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afro-wig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wig that gives the appearance of an Afro hairdo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterburner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device injects fuel into a hot exhaust for extra thrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterdeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deck abaft of midships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "after-shave", + "after-shave lotion" + ], + "it": [ + "aftershave", + "dopobarba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragrant lotion for a man's face after shaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterthought" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addition that was not included in the original plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord (usually of goat's hair) that Arabs (especially Bedouins) wind around their heads to hold down the kaffiyeh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agateware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pottery that is veined and mottled to resemble agate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglomerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that causes material to gather into rounded balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aglet", + "aiglet", + "aiguilette" + ], + "it": [ + "cordellina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental tagged cord or braid on the shoulder of a uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aglet", + "aiglet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal or plastic sheath over the end of a shoelace or ribbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biochemistry) a drug that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agora", + "public square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of assembly for the people in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aigrette", + "aigret" + ], + "it": [ + "aigrette", + "asprì", + "egretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long plume (especially one of egret feathers) worn on a hat or a piece of jewelry in the shape of a plume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aileron" + ], + "it": [ + "alerone", + "alettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airfoil that controls lateral motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air bag" + ], + "it": [ + "airbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a safety restraint in an automobile; the bag inflates on collision and prevents the driver or passenger from being thrown forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air base", + "air station" + ], + "it": [ + "base aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base for military aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airbrake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicular brake that operates by compressed air; especially for heavy vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airbrake", + "dive brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small parachute or articulated flap to reduce the speed of an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airbrush" + ], + "it": [ + "aerografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atomizer to spray paint by means of compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airbus" + ], + "it": [ + "aerobus", + "airbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsonic jet airliner operated over short distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air compressor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compressor that takes in air at atmospheric pressure and delivers it at a higher pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air conditioner", + "air conditioning" + ], + "it": [ + "condizionatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that keeps air cool and dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircraft" + ], + "it": [ + "aereo", + "aeromobile", + "aeroplano", + "areoplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle that can fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircraft carrier", + "carrier", + "flattop", + "attack aircraft carrier" + ], + "it": [ + "portaerei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large warship that carries planes and has a long flat deck for takeoffs and landings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircraft engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the engine that powers and aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air cushion", + "inflatable cushion" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscino gonfiabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion usually made of rubber or plastic that can be inflated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air cushion", + "air spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device using confined air to absorb the shock of motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airdock", + "hangar", + "repair shed" + ], + "it": [ + "aerorimessa", + "aviorimessa", + "capannone", + "hangar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large structure at an airport where aircraft can be stored and maintained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airfield", + "landing field", + "flying field", + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo d'aviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where planes take off and land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air filter", + "air cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "filtro dell'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter that removes dust from the air that passes through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airfoil", + "aerofoil", + "control surface", + "surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that provides reactive force when in motion relative to the surrounding air; can lift or control a plane in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Force Research Laboratory", + "AFRL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Air Force defense laboratory responsible for discovering and developing and integrating fighting technologies for aerospace forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airframe" + ], + "it": [ + "cellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the framework and covering of an airplane or rocket (excluding the engines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air gun", + "airgun", + "air rifle" + ], + "it": [ + "fucile ad aria compressa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun that propels a projectile by compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air hammer", + "jackhammer", + "pneumatic hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hammer driven by compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole that allows the passage of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air intake of a carburetor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pneumatic horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airing cupboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm cupboard where you put newly washed clothes until they are completely dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-intake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct that admits air to be mixed with fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airline", + "airline business", + "airway" + ], + "it": [ + "aerolinea", + "aviolinea", + "linea aerea", + "compagnia aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial enterprise that provides scheduled flights for passengers" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia di trasporti aerei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airline", + "air hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hose that carries air under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airliner" + ], + "it": [ + "aeromobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial airplane that carries passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airlock", + "air lock" + ], + "it": [ + "camera d'equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber that provides access to space where air is under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airmailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mailer for airmail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air mattress" + ], + "it": [ + "materassino gonfiabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mattress that can be stored flat and inflated for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air passage", + "air duct", + "airway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct that provides ventilation (as in mines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airplane", + "aeroplane", + "plane" + ], + "it": [ + "aereo", + "aeroplano", + "apparecchio", + "areoplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airplane propeller", + "airscrew", + "prop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a propeller that rotates to push against air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airport", + "airdrome", + "aerodrome", + "drome" + ], + "it": [ + "aerodromo", + "aeroporto", + "aerostazione", + "campo d' aviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airfield equipped with control tower and hangars as well as accommodations for passengers and cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air pump", + "vacuum pump" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pompa per l'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump that moves air in or out of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air search radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard radar that searches for aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air shaft", + "air well" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo di aerazione", + "pozzo di ventilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaft for ventilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airship", + "dirigible" + ], + "it": [ + "aeronave", + "dirigibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steerable self-propelled aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airstrip", + "flight strip", + "landing strip", + "strip" + ], + "it": [ + "aeroscalo", + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airfield without normal airport facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air terminal", + "airport terminal" + ], + "it": [ + "aerostazione", + "air-terminal", + "terminal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terminal that serves air travelers or air freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-to-air missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missile designed to be launched from one airplane at another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-to-ground missile", + "air-to-surface missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missile designed to be launched from an airplane at a target on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air transportation system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transportation system for moving passengers or goods by air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aisle", + "gangway" + ], + "it": [ + "corridoio", + "corsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passageway between seating areas as in an auditorium or passenger vehicle or between areas of shelves of goods as in stores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aisle" + ], + "it": [ + "navata laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a church divided laterally from the nave proper by rows of pillars or columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aisle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow passage (as in a cave or woods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aladdin's lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arabian Nights) a magical lamp from which Aladdin summoned a genie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarm", + "warning device", + "alarm system" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme", + "avvisatore", + "dispositivo d'allarme", + "suoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarm clock", + "alarm" + ], + "it": [ + "sveglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock that wakes a sleeper at some preset time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaskan pipeline", + "trans-Alaska pipeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil pipeline that runs 800 miles from wells at Prudhoe Bay to the port of Valdez" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alb" + ], + "it": [ + "camice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white linen liturgical vestment with sleeves; worn by priests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "album" + ], + "it": [ + "album", + "raccoglitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of blank pages with pockets or envelopes; for organizing photographs or stamp collections etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albuterol", + "Ventolin", + "Proventil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bronchodilator (trade names Ventolin or Proventil) used for asthma and emphysema and other lung conditions; available in oral or inhalant forms; side effects are tachycardia and shakiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcazar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Spanish fortresses or palaces built by the Moors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcohol thermometer", + "alcohol-in-glass thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thermometer consisting of a glass capillary tube marked with degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit and containing alcohol which rises or falls as it expands or contracts with changes in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcove", + "bay" + ], + "it": [ + "alcova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small recess opening off a larger room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "birreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tavern where ale is sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alembic" + ], + "it": [ + "alambicco", + "lambicco", + "stillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete kind of container used for distillation; two retorts connected by a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alendronate", + "Fosamax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tablet (trade name Fosamax) prescribed to prevent or treat osteoporosis in women after menopause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algometer" + ], + "it": [ + "algesimetro", + "algometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for measuring pain caused by pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alhambra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortified Moorish palace built near Granada by Muslim kings in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alidade", + "alidad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument used with a plane table for drawing lines of sight on a distant object and for measuring angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alidade", + "alidad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument consisting of the upper movable part of a theodolite including the telescope and its attachments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A-line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women's clothing that has a fitted top and a flared skirt that is widest at the hemline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkylating agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug used to treat some forms of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allen screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw with a hexagonal hole in the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allen wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench for Allen screws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alley", + "alleyway", + "back street" + ], + "it": [ + "budello", + "carruggio", + "carrugio", + "corridoio", + "vicolo", + "viuzza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow street with walls on both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with a v-shaped jaw and serrations on one side (resembles the open jaws of an alligator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allopurinol", + "Zyloprim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Zyloprim) used to treat gout and other conditions in which there is an excessive buildup of uric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alms dish", + "alms tray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray for collecting the offering from a congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aloes", + "bitter aloes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purgative made from the leaves of aloe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpaca" + ], + "it": [ + "alpaca", + "alpaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin glossy fabric made of the wool of the Lama pacos, or made of a rayon or cotton imitation of that wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpenstock" + ], + "it": [ + "alpenstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout staff with a metal point; used by mountain climbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha blocker", + "alpha-blocker", + "alpha-adrenergic blocker", + "alpha-adrenergic blocking agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various drugs that block alpha-adrenergic receptors; used in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; relaxes the muscles of the prostate and bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha-interferon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of interferon that is produced endogenously and commercially for its pharmacological effects (including regulation of the immune system and antiviral and antineoplastic effects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alprazolam", + "Xanax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antianxiety agent (trade name Xanax) of the benzodiazepine class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altar" + ], + "it": [ + "altare", + "ara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altar", + "communion table", + "Lord's table" + ], + "it": [ + "altare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the table in Christian churches where communion is given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altarpiece", + "reredos" + ], + "it": [ + "dossale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painted or carved screen placed above and behind an altar or communion table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altazimuth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures the altitude and azimuth of celestial bodies; used in navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternator" + ], + "it": [ + "alternatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old term for an electric generator that produces alternating current (especially in automobiles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "altimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures the height above ground; used in navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto relievo", + "alto rilievo", + "high relief" + ], + "it": [ + "altorilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculptural relief in which forms extend out from the background to at least half their depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double sulphate of aluminum and potassium that is used as an astringent (among other things)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum foil", + "aluminium foil", + "tin foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foil made of aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violin made by Nicolo Amati or a member of his family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulance" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulanza", + "autoambulanza", + "autolettiga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle that takes people to and from hospitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered walkway (as in a cloister)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amen corner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "area reserved for persons leading the responsive `amens'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact (such as books or furniture or art) that is distinctive of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American flag", + "Stars and Stripes", + "Star-Spangled Banner", + "Old Glory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the national flag of the United States of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a free-reed instrument in which air is drawn in through reeds by suction bellows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Stock Exchange", + "AMEX", + "Curb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock exchange in New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aminophylline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theophylline derivative that is used as a bronchodilator in the treatment of bronchial asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aminopyrine", + "amidopyrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline substance used as an analgesic and antipyretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amiodarone", + "Cordarone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Cordarone) that has potentially fatal side effects and is used to control serious heart rhythm problems only when safer agents have been ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amitriptyline", + "amitriptyline hydrochloride", + "Elavil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Elavil) with serious side effects; interacts with many other medications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amlodipine besylate", + "Norvasc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vasodilator (trade name Norvasc) taken in tablet form; prescribed for hypertension and angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammeter" + ], + "it": [ + "amperometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter that measures the flow of electrical current in amperes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonia clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atomic clock based on vibrational frequency of the nitrogen atom in the ammonia molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammunition", + "ammo" + ], + "it": [ + "munizionamento", + "munizioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projectiles to be fired from a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amobarbital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barbiturate with sedative and hypnotic effects; used to relieve insomnia and as an anticonvulsant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amobarbital sodium", + "blue", + "blue angel", + "blue devil", + "Amytal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sodium salt of amobarbital that is used as a barbiturate; used as a sedative and a hypnotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amoxicillin", + "Amoxil", + "Larotid", + "Polymox", + "Trimox", + "Augmentin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic; a semisynthetic oral penicillin (trade names Amoxil and Larotid and Polymox and Trimox and Augmentin) used to treat bacterial infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphetamine", + "pep pill", + "upper", + "speed" + ], + "it": [ + "amfetamina", + "anfetamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central nervous system stimulant that increases energy and decreases appetite; used to treat narcolepsy and some forms of depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphetamine sulfate", + "amphetamine sulphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfate derivative of amphetamine that is used as a stimulant for the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibian", + "amphibious aircraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane designed to take off and land on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibian", + "amphibious vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat-bottomed motor vehicle that can travel on land or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphitheater", + "amphitheatre", + "coliseum" + ], + "it": [ + "anfiteatro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oval large stadium with tiers of seats; an arena in which contests and spectacles are held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphitheater", + "amphitheatre" + ], + "it": [ + "anfiteatro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloping gallery with seats for spectators (as in an operating room or theater)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphora" + ], + "it": [ + "anfora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient jar with two handles and a narrow neck; used to hold oil or wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphotericin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic and antifungal agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampicillin", + "Principen", + "Polycillin", + "SK-Ampicillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisynthetic penicillin (trade names Principen and Polycillin and SK-Ampicillin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplifier" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that increases strength of signals passing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampulla" + ], + "it": [ + "ampolla", + "ampollina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flask that has two handles; used by Romans for wines or oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amrinone", + "Inocor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Inocor) used intravenously in heart failure; increases strength of contraction of myocardium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amulet", + "talisman" + ], + "it": [ + "amuleto", + "filacterio", + "filatterio", + "scacciaguai", + "talismano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trinket or piece of jewelry usually hung about the neck and thought to be a magical protection against evil or disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amusement arcade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arcade featuring coin-operated game machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyl nitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vasodilator that is sometimes used to treat angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anachronism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that belongs to another time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaglyph" + ], + "it": [ + "anaglifo", + "anaglipto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything carved in low relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaglyph" + ], + "it": [ + "anaglifo", + "anaglipto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moving or still pictures in contrasting colors that appear three-dimensional when superimposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analeptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medication used as a stimulant to the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analgesic", + "anodyne", + "painkiller", + "pain pill" + ], + "it": [ + "analgesico", + "antidolorifico", + "antinevralgico", + "calmante", + "sedativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine used to relieve pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analog clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock that displays the time of day by the position of hands on a dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analog computer", + "analogue computer" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolatore analogico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer that represents information by variable quantities (e.g., positions or voltages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analog watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch that represents time by the position of hands on a dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analytical balance", + "chemical balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam balance of great precision used in quantitative chemical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i49999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyzer", + "analyser" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that performs analyses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anamorphosis", + "anamorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distorted projection or perspective; especially an image distorted in such a way that it becomes visible only when viewed in a special manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastigmat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compound lens or lens system designed to be free of astigmatism and able to form approximately point images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastigmatic lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens designed to correct astigmatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor", + "ground tackle" + ], + "it": [ + "ancora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor chain", + "anchor rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chain or rope that attaches an anchor to a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor light", + "riding light", + "riding lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light in the rigging of a ship that is riding at anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "AND circuit", + "AND gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit in a computer that fires only when all of its inputs fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andiron", + "firedog", + "dog", + "dog-iron" + ], + "it": [ + "alare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal supports for logs in a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "android", + "humanoid", + "mechanical man" + ], + "it": [ + "androide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automaton that resembles a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anechoic chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber having very little reverberation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemometer", + "wind gauge", + "wind gage" + ], + "it": [ + "anemometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge for recording the speed and direction of wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aneroid barometer", + "aneroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barometer that measures pressure without using fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthetic", + "anaesthetic", + "anesthetic agent", + "anaesthetic agent" + ], + "it": [ + "anestetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes temporary loss of bodily sensations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of methyl and ethyl chloride; sprayed on as a local anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiocardiogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of X rays representing the action of the heart and its blood vessels after the injection of a radiopaque substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiogenesis inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that is designed to prevent the growth of blood vessels that nourish tumors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiogram" + ], + "it": [ + "angiogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X-ray representation of blood vessels made after the injection of a radiopaque substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angioscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modified microscope used to study capillary vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotensin", + "angiotonin", + "Hypertensin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several vasoconstrictor substances (trade name Hypertensin) that cause narrowing of blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotensin I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotensin II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent vasopressor agent formed from angiotensin I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiotensin II inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that retards or restrains the action of angiotensin II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle bracket", + "angle iron" + ], + "it": [ + "angolare", + "cantonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an L-shaped metal bracket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angledozer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulldozer with an angled moldboard to push earth to one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angostura Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Orinoco River at Ciudad Bolivar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depiction in the form of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankle brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace worn to strengthen the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anklet", + "ankle bracelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament worn around the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anklet", + "anklets", + "bobbysock", + "bobbysocks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sock that reaches just above the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anklet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe for a child or woman that has a strap around the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elephant goad with a sharp spike and a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annex", + "annexe", + "extension", + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "annesso", + "braccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addition that extends a main building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annulet" + ], + "it": [ + "anellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annulet", + "bandelet", + "bandelette", + "bandlet", + "square and rabbet" + ], + "it": [ + "collarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "molding in the form of a ring; at top of a column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annulet", + "roundel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(heraldry) a charge in the shape of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annunciator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator that announces which electrical circuit has been active (as on a telephone switchboard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anode" + ], + "it": [ + "anodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positively charged electrode by which electrons leave an electrical device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the negatively charged terminal of a voltaic cell or storage battery that supplies current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answering machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that answers the telephone and records messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antefix" + ], + "it": [ + "antefissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carved ornament at the eaves of a tile roof concealing the joints between tiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antenna", + "aerial", + "transmitting aerial" + ], + "it": [ + "aereo", + "antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that sends or receives radio or television signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anteroom", + "antechamber", + "entrance hall", + "hall", + "foyer", + "lobby", + "vestibule" + ], + "it": [ + "androne", + "anticamera", + "atrio", + "foyer", + "hall", + "ingresso", + "ridotto", + "vestibolo", + "entrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large entrance or reception room or area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiaircraft", + "antiaircraft gun", + "flak", + "flack", + "pom-pom", + "ack-ack", + "ack-ack gun" + ], + "it": [ + "arma antiaerea", + "cannone antiaereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artillery designed to shoot upward at airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiarrhythmic", + "antiarrhythmic drug", + "antiarrhythmic medication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to treat an abnormal heart rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial", + "antibacterial drug", + "bactericide" + ], + "it": [ + "antibatterico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any drug that destroys bacteria or inhibits their growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiballistic missile", + "ABM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defensive missile designed to shoot down incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic", + "antibiotic drug" + ], + "it": [ + "antibiotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that can kill microorganisms and cure bacterial infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticholinergic", + "anticholinergic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that opposes or blocks the action of acetylcholine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticholinesterase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that inhibits cholinesterase by combining with it and so has a cholinergic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticoagulant", + "anticoagulant medication", + "decoagulant" + ], + "it": [ + "anticoagulante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine that prevents or retards the clotting of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticonvulsant", + "anticonvulsant drug", + "antiepileptic", + "antiepileptic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to treat or prevent convulsions (as in epilepsy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antidepressant", + "antidepressant drug" + ], + "it": [ + "antidepressivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of drugs used to treat depression; often have undesirable side effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antidiabetic", + "antidiabetic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antidiarrheal", + "antidiarrheal drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to control or stop diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antidiuretic", + "antidiuretic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that limits the formation of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antidote", + "counterpoison" + ], + "it": [ + "antidoto", + "contravveleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remedy that stops or controls the effects of a poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiemetic", + "antiemetic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiflatulent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that reduces intestinal gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antifouling paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paint used to protect against the accumulation of barnacles etc. on underwater surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antifungal", + "antifungal agent", + "fungicide", + "antimycotic", + "antimycotic agent" + ], + "it": [ + "anticrittogamico", + "antiparassitario", + "fungicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that destroys or prevents the growth of fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-G suit", + "G suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worn by fliers and astronauts to counteract the forces of gravity and acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine" + ], + "it": [ + "antistaminico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine used to treat allergies and hypersensitive reactions and colds; works by counteracting the effects of histamine on a receptor site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive", + "antihypertensive drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that reduces high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-inflammatory", + "anti-inflammatory drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine intended to reduce inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimacassar" + ], + "it": [ + "coprischienale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of ornamented cloth that protects the back of a chair from hair oils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimalarial", + "antimalarial drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal drug used to prevent or treat malaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimetabolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug that inhibits the utilization of a metabolite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline antibiotic active against various fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antineoplastic", + "antineoplastic drug", + "cancer drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several drugs that control or kill neoplastic cells; used in chemotherapy to kill cancer cells; all have unpleasant side effects that may include nausea and vomiting and hair loss and suppression of bone marrow function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antineoplastic antibiotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic drug used as an antineoplastic in chemotherapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiperspirant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an astringent substance applied to the skin to reduce perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiprotozoal", + "antiprotozoal drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal drug used to fight diseases (like malaria) that are caused by protozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipruritic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that relieves or prevents itching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipyretic", + "febrifuge" + ], + "it": [ + "antipiretico", + "febbrifugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any medicine that lowers body temperature to prevent or alleviate fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antique" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto antico", + "pezzo d'antiquariato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any piece of furniture or decorative object or the like produced in a former period and valuable because of its beauty or rarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiquity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact surviving from the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiseptic" + ], + "it": [ + "antisettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that destroys micro-organisms that carry disease without harming body tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antispasmodic", + "spasmolytic", + "antispasmodic agent" + ], + "it": [ + "antispastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to relieve or prevent spasms (especially of the smooth muscles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-submarine rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard system to fire rockets at submarines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antisyphilitic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (or other chemical agent) that is effective against syphilis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-TNF compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of drugs that block the action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF); used in cases of rheumatoid arthritis because TNF instigates inflammation of the joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitussive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any medicine used to suppress or relieve coughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiviral", + "antiviral agent", + "antiviral drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any drug that destroys viruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antonine Wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortification 37 miles long across the narrowest part of southern Scotland (between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde); built in 140 to mark the frontier of the Roman province of Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anvil" + ], + "it": [ + "incudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy block of iron or steel on which hot metals are shaped by hammering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ao dai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional dress of Vietnamese women consisting of a tunic with long sleeves and panels front and back; the tunic is worn over trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apadana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great hall in ancient Persian palaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apartment", + "flat" + ], + "it": [ + "appartamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di stanze che formano un'abitazione libera e separata dal rimanente della casa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apartment building", + "apartment house" + ], + "it": [ + "casamento", + "caseggiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that is divided into apartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "APC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug combination found in some over-the-counter headache remedies (aspirin and phenacetin and caffeine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aperture" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an man-made opening; usually small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aperture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that controls amount of light admitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphrodisiac" + ], + "it": [ + "afrodisiaco", + "eccitante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug or other agent that stimulates sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apiary", + "bee house" + ], + "it": [ + "apiario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shed containing a number of beehives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apishamore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saddle blanket made of buffalo hide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apomorphine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morphine derivative that is not as strong as morphine; used as an emetic and in small doses as a sedative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparatus", + "setup" + ], + "it": [ + "apparato", + "impianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment designed to serve a specific function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparel", + "wearing apparel", + "dress", + "clothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part that is joined to something larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small appendage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appian Way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Roman road in Italy extending south from Rome to Brindisi; begun in 312 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applecart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handcart from which apples and other fruit are sold in the street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple of discord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a golden apple thrown into a banquet of the gods by Eris (goddess of discord--who had not been invited); the apple had `for the fairest' written on it and Hera and Athena and Aphrodite all claimed it; when Paris (prince of Troy) awarded it to Aphrodite it began a chain of events that led to the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple orchard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grove of apple trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appliance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "durable goods for home or office use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appliance", + "contraption", + "contrivance", + "convenience", + "gadget", + "gizmo", + "gismo", + "widget" + ], + "it": [ + "aggeggio", + "apparecchio", + "arnese", + "artificio", + "congegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device or control that is very useful for a particular job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applicator", + "applier" + ], + "it": [ + "applicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for applying a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applique" + ], + "it": [ + "riporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative design made of one material sewn over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointment", + "fitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) furnishings and equipment (especially for a ship or hotel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach trench", + "communication trench" + ], + "it": [ + "camminamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trench that provides protected passage between the rear and front lines of a defensive position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apron" + ], + "it": [ + "grembiale", + "grembiule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment of cloth or leather or plastic that is tied about the waist and worn to protect your clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apron" + ], + "it": [ + "area di stazionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paved surface where aircraft stand while not being used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apron string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually used in the plural) a cord used to tie an apron at the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apse", + "apsis" + ], + "it": [ + "abside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domed or vaulted recess or projection on a building especially the east end of a church; usually contains the altar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqualung", + "Aqua-Lung", + "scuba" + ], + "it": [ + "autorespiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (trade name Aqua-Lung) that lets divers breathe under water; scuba is an acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquaplane" + ], + "it": [ + "acquaplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that is pulled by a speedboat as a person stands on it and skims over the top of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquarium", + "fish tank", + "marine museum" + ], + "it": [ + "acquario", + "aquario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatint" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua tinta", + "acquatinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an etching made by a process that makes it resemble a water color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqueduct" + ], + "it": [ + "acquedotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arabesque" + ], + "it": [ + "arabesco", + "ghirigogolo", + "ghirigoro", + "girigogolo", + "svolazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament that interlaces simulated foliage in an intricate design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "araroba", + "Goa powder", + "chrysarobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter yellow powder used to treat skin diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbor", + "arbour", + "bower", + "pergola" + ], + "it": [ + "chiosco", + "pergola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework that supports climbing plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arboretum", + "botanical garden" + ], + "it": [ + "arboreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility where trees and shrubs are cultivated for exhibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcade", + "colonnade" + ], + "it": [ + "arcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcade" + ], + "it": [ + "galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered passageway with shops and stalls on either side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch" + ], + "it": [ + "arcata", + "arco", + "fornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch", + "archway" + ], + "it": [ + "arcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passageway under a curved masonry construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architectural ornament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) something added to a building to improve its appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architecture" + ], + "it": [ + "architettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural product or work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architrave" + ], + "it": [ + "architrave", + "epistilio", + "soprassoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest part of an entablature; rests immediately on the capitals of the columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architrave" + ], + "it": [ + "architrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the molding around a door or window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archive" + ], + "it": [ + "archivio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository containing historical records and documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch support" + ], + "it": [ + "plantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for the arch of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arc lamp", + "arc light" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada ad arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that produces light when electric current flows across the gap between two electrodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arctic", + "galosh", + "golosh", + "rubber", + "gumshoe" + ], + "it": [ + "caloscia", + "galoche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof overshoe that protects shoes from water or snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passageway between buildings or giving access to a basement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arena", + "scene of action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing field where sports events take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arena theater", + "theater in the round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theater arranged with seats around at least three sides of the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argyle", + "argyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sock knitted or woven with an argyle design (usually used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argyle", + "argyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design consisting of a pattern of varicolored diamonds on a solid background (originally for knitted articles); patterned after the tartan of a clan in western Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argyll", + "argyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered gravy holder of silver or other metal containing a detachable central vessel for hot water to keep the gravy warm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ark" + ], + "it": [ + "arca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat built by Noah to save his family and animals from the flood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ark", + "Ark of the Covenant" + ], + "it": [ + "arca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) sacred chest where the ancient Hebrews kept the two tablets containing the Ten Commandments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an armchair or sofa that supports the elbow and forearm of a seated person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm", + "branch", + "limb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any projection that is thought to resemble a human arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armament" + ], + "it": [ + "armamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaponry used by military or naval force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armature" + ], + "it": [ + "indotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coil in which voltage is induced by motion through a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armband" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band worn around the upper arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armchair" + ], + "it": [ + "poltrona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chair with a support on each side for arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval helmet with a visor and a neck guard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm guard", + "arm pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad worn by football players and hockey goalkeepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armhole" + ], + "it": [ + "giro manica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole through which you put your arm and where a sleeve can be attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) a bracelet worn around the wrist or arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armillary sphere", + "armilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celestial globe consisting of metal hoops; used by early astronomers to determine the positions of stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armlet", + "arm band" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band worn around the arm for decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armoire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wardrobe or cabinet; originally used for storing weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armor", + "armour" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura", + "corazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering made of metal and used in combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored car", + "armoured car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military combat vehicle on wheels with light armor (and usually a machine gun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored car", + "armoured car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armor-plated truck with strong doors and locks used to transport money or valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored personnel carrier", + "armoured personnel carrier", + "APC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) an armored vehicle (usually equipped with caterpillar treads) that is used to transport infantry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armored vehicle", + "armoured vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle that is protected by armor plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armor plate", + "armour plate", + "armor plating", + "plate armor", + "plate armour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specially hardened steel plate used to protect fortifications or vehicles from enemy fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armory", + "armoury", + "arsenal" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbrica d'armi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where arms are manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armrest" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large base of operations for an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Army High Performance Computing Research Center", + "AHPCRC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States defense laboratory to conduct research in high-performance computing for defense technology applications; a partnership of government and university and industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment used in treating bruises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arquebus", + "harquebus", + "hackbut", + "hagbut" + ], + "it": [ + "archibugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete firearm with a long barrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "array" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of aerials spaced to give desired directional characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "array", + "raiment", + "regalia" + ], + "it": [ + "bardatura", + "abiti da cerimonia", + "abiti eleganti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "especially fine or decorative clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrester", + "arrester hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint that slows airplanes as they land on the flight deck of an aircraft carrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrival gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gate where passengers disembark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow" + ], + "it": [ + "freccetta", + "freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projectile with a straight thin shaft and an arrowhead on one end and stabilizing vanes on the other; intended to be shot from a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowhead" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "punta di freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pointed head or striking tip of an arrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenal", + "armory", + "armoury" + ], + "it": [ + "armeria", + "arsenale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military structure where arms and ammunition and other military equipment are stored and training is given in the use of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsenal", + "armory", + "armoury" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the weapons and equipment that a country has" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art", + "fine art" + ], + "it": [ + "arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the products of human creativity; works of art collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artemision at Ephesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large temple of the Greek goddess Artemis which was begun at Ephesus in 541 BC and completed 220 years later; the temple was destroyed by the Goths in 262" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterial road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major or main route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X ray of an artery filled with a contrast medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artery" + ], + "it": [ + "arteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artesian well" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo artesiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well drilled through impermeable strata into strata that receive water from a higher altitude so there is pressure to force the water to flow upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthrogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X ray of a joint after the injection of a contrast medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthroscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of endoscope that is inserted into a joint for visual examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article of commerce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article that is offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulated ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladder consisting of segments (usually four) that are held together by joints that can lock in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handmade imitation of a blossom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial heart" + ], + "it": [ + "cuore artificiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump that replaces the natural heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial horizon", + "gyro horizon", + "flight indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a navigational instrument based on a gyroscope; it artificially provides a simulated horizon for the pilot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal or plastic part that is surgically implanted to replace a natural joint (possibly elbow or wrist but usually hip or knee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial kidney", + "hemodialyzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that uses dialysis to remove impurities and waste products from the bloodstream before returning the blood to the patient's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic covering with two layers used experimentally to treat burn victims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artillery", + "heavy weapon", + "gun", + "ordnance" + ], + "it": [ + "artiglieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large but transportable armament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artillery shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell fired by artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artist's loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory loft that has been converted into an artist's workroom and living area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artist's workroom", + "atelier" + ], + "it": [ + "atelier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a studio especially for an artist or designer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola d'arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school specializing in art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cravat with wide square ends; secured with an ornamental pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashcan", + "trash can", + "garbage can", + "wastebin", + "ash bin", + "ash-bin", + "ashbin", + "dustbin", + "trash barrel", + "trash bin" + ], + "it": [ + "bidone della spazzatura", + "pattumiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin that holds rubbish until it is collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ash Can", + "Ashcan school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early 20th-century United States painting; portrays realistic and sordid scenes of city life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashlar" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra concia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular block of hewn stone used for building purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash-pan" + ], + "it": [ + "ceneraio", + "cenerario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle fitted beneath the grate in which ashes collect and are removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashtray" + ], + "it": [ + "ceneriera", + "portacenere", + "posacenere", + "raccattacenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle for the ash from smokers' cigars or cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparaginase", + "Elspar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antineoplastic drug (trade name Elspar) sometimes used to treat lymphoblastic leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagus bed" + ], + "it": [ + "asparageto", + "asparagiaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed in which asparagus is growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspergill", + "aspersorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-handled device with a globe containing a sponge; used for sprinkling holy water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspersorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basin or other vessel that holds holy water in Roman Catholic Churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirator" + ], + "it": [ + "aspiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump that draws air or another gas through a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirin", + "acetylsalicylic acid", + "Bayer", + "Empirin", + "St. Joseph" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acetylated derivative of salicylic acid; used as an analgesic anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Bayer, Empirin, and St. Joseph) usually taken in tablet form; used as an antipyretic; slows clotting of the blood by poisoning platelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirin powder", + "headache powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powdered form of aspirin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assault gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armored vehicle with the chassis of a tank (but no turret) and a large gun; used as an antitank weapon and to support infantry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assault rifle", + "assault gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the automatic rifles or semiautomatic rifles with large magazines designed for military use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assegai", + "assagai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slender spear of the Bantu-speaking people of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly" + ], + "it": [ + "intelaiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit consisting of components that have been fitted together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hall where many people can congregate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory where manufactured parts are assembled into a finished product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astatic coils" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of coils used in sensitive electrical instruments; the coils are arranged to give zero resultant external magnetic field when a current passes through them and to have zero electromotive force induced in them by an external magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astatic galvanometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "has a moving magnet and astatic coils arranged to cancel the effect of the Earth's magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astringent", + "astringent drug", + "styptic" + ], + "it": [ + "astringente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes contraction of body tissues and canals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrodome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent dome on top of an airplane where the navigator can make celestial observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrolabe" + ], + "it": [ + "astrolabio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of sextant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronomical telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any telescope designed to collect and record electromagnetic radiation from cosmic sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronomy satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a satellite equipped with a telescope to observe infrared radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aswan High Dam", + "High Dam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the world's largest dams on the Nile River in southern Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atenolol", + "Tenormin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral beta blocker (trade name Tenormin) used in treating hypertension and angina; has adverse side effects (depression and exacerbation of congestive heart failure etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athanor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace that feeds itself so as to maintain a uniform temperature; used by alchemists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athenaeum", + "atheneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where reading materials are available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility for athletic events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic sock", + "sweat sock", + "varsity sock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sock worn for athletic events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic supporter", + "supporter", + "suspensor", + "jockstrap", + "jock" + ], + "it": [ + "sospensorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for the genitals worn by men engaging in strenuous exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atlas", + "telamon" + ], + "it": [ + "atlante", + "telamone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure of a man used as a supporting column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmometer", + "evaporometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures rate of evaporation of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atom bomb", + "atomic bomb", + "A-bomb", + "fission bomb", + "plutonium bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "atomica", + "bomba A", + "bomba atomica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released by nuclear fission (splitting the nuclei of a heavy element like uranium 235 or plutonium 239)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timepiece that derives its time scale from the vibration of atoms or molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral dose of radioactive substance used in treatment and diagnosis of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic pile", + "atomic reactor", + "pile", + "chain reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor that uses controlled nuclear fission to generate energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic warhead", + "nuclear warhead", + "thermonuclear warhead", + "nuke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the warhead of a missile designed to deliver an atom bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomizer", + "atomiser", + "spray", + "sprayer", + "nebulizer", + "nebuliser" + ], + "it": [ + "atomizzatore", + "evaporizzatore", + "nebulizzatore", + "polverizzatore", + "spolverizzatore", + "spray", + "spruzzatore", + "vaporizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dispenser that turns a liquid (such as perfume) into a fine mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atorvastatin", + "Lipitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral drug (trade name Lipitor) that is effective in lowering triglycerides; potent in reducing LDL cholesterol because higher doses can be given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrium" + ], + "it": [ + "atrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area in a building; open to the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atropine" + ], + "it": [ + "atropina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous crystalline alkaloid extracted from the nightshade family; used as an antispasmodic and to dilate the eye pupil; also administered in large amounts as an antidote for organophosphate nerve agents or organophosphate insecticides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attache case", + "attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow and rectangular briefcase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplementary part or accessory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment", + "bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection that fastens things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military submarine designed and armed to attack enemy shipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attenuator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device for attenuating the strength of an electrical signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attic" + ], + "it": [ + "attico", + "soppalco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a low wall at the top of the entablature; hides the roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attic fan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan that blows heated air out of the attic of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attire", + "garb", + "dress" + ], + "it": [ + "abito", + "toilette", + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auction block", + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "palco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform from which an auctioneer sells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound elements of television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio amplifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amplifier that increases the amplitude of reproduced sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiocassette" + ], + "it": [ + "audiocassetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cassette for audiotape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio CD", + "audio compact disc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact discs used to reproduce sound (voice and music)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiogram" + ], + "it": [ + "audiogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical representation of a person's auditory sensitivity to sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiometer", + "sonometer" + ], + "it": [ + "audiometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used to measure the sensitivity of hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio system", + "sound system" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto audio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of electronic equipment for recording or reproducing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnetic tape for use in recording sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tape recording of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiovisual", + "audiovisual aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "materials using sight or sound to present information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditorium" + ], + "it": [ + "platea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of a theater or concert hall where the audience sits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augean stables" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the extremely dirty stables that were finally cleaned by Hercules who diverted two rivers through them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auger", + "gimlet", + "screw auger", + "wimble" + ], + "it": [ + "succhiello", + "succhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool for boring holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auschwitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nazi concentration camp for Jews in southwestern Poland during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto accessory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accessory for an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autobahn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressway in a German-speaking country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoclave", + "sterilizer", + "steriliser" + ], + "it": [ + "autoclave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for heating substances above their boiling point; used to manufacture chemicals or to sterilize surgical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autofocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for focussing a camera or other instrument automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autogiro", + "autogyro", + "gyroplane" + ], + "it": [ + "autogiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft that is supported in flight by unpowered rotating horizontal wings (or blades); forward propulsion is provided by a conventional propeller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autograph album" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "libro degli autografi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album for autographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoinjector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypodermic syringe to use in injecting yourself with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoloader", + "self-loader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm that reloads itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cafeteria where food is served from machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vending machine from which you can get food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a choke that automatically controls the flow of air to the carburetor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic firearm", + "automatic gun", + "automatic weapon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm that reloads itself and keeps firing until the trigger is released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic pistol", + "automatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pistol that will keep firing until the ammunition is gone or the trigger is released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic rifle", + "automatic", + "machine rifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light machine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic transmission", + "automatic drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission that automatically changes the gears according to the speed of the car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used to achieve automatic control or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automaton", + "robot", + "golem" + ], + "it": [ + "automa", + "robot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that can move automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the engine that propels an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile factory", + "auto factory", + "car factory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory where automobiles are manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile horn", + "car horn", + "motor horn", + "horn", + "hooter" + ], + "it": [ + "clacson", + "tromba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device on an automobile for making a warning noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auto part", + "car part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component of an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autopilot", + "automatic pilot", + "robot pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "autopilota", + "giropilota", + "pilota automatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a navigational device that automatically keeps ships or planes or spacecraft on a steady course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoradiograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radiogram produced by radiation emitted by the specimen being photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autostrada" + ], + "it": [ + "autostrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressway in an Italian-speaking country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary airfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airfield that functions in a subsidiary capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary boiler", + "donkey boiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) an extra boiler (as a ship's boiler that is used while the ship is in port)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary engine", + "donkey engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a small engine (as one used on board ships to operate a windlass)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary pump", + "donkey pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplementary pump available if needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary research submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submarine for research purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary storage", + "external storage", + "secondary storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a data storage device that is not the main memory of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avenue", + "boulevard" + ], + "it": [ + "corso", + "viale", + "boulevard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide street or thoroughfare" + ], + "it": [ + "ampia strada urbana, spesso alberata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviary", + "bird sanctuary", + "volary" + ], + "it": [ + "aviario", + "gabbione", + "uccelliera", + "voliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where birds are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awl" + ], + "it": [ + "lesina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed tool for marking surfaces or for punching small holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awning", + "sunshade", + "sunblind" + ], + "it": [ + "tenda", + "tenda da sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canopy made of canvas to shelter people or things from rain or sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ax", + "axe" + ], + "it": [ + "ascia", + "mannaia", + "scure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ax handle", + "axe handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of an ax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ax head", + "axe head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cutting head of an ax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axis", + "axis of rotation" + ], + "it": [ + "asse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center around which something rotates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axle" + ], + "it": [ + "assale", + "asse", + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaft on which a wheel rotates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axle bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron bar that serves as an axletree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axletree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dead axle on a carriage or wagon that has terminal spindles on which the wheels revolve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azathioprine", + "Imuran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immunosuppressive drug (trade name Imuran) used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zidovudine", + "Retrovir", + "ZDV", + "AZT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug (trade name Retrovir) used in the treatment of AIDS; adverse side effects include liver damage and suppression of the bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azithromycin", + "Zithromax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systemic antibacterial medicine (trade name Zithromax) that is prescribed to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aztreonam", + "Azactam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Azactam) used against severe infections; has minimal side effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-52" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States military aircraft; B- stands for bomber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babushka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's headscarf folded into a triangle and tied under the chin; worn by Russian peasant women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby bed", + "baby's bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bed for babies; enclosed by sides to prevent the baby from falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby buggy", + "baby carriage", + "carriage", + "perambulator", + "pram", + "stroller", + "go-cart", + "pushchair", + "pusher" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozzella", + "carrozzina", + "passeggino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small vehicle with four wheels in which a baby or child is pushed around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby grand", + "baby grand piano", + "parlor grand", + "parlor grand piano", + "parlour grand", + "parlour grand piano" + ], + "it": [ + "pianoforte a mezza coda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small grand piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment for babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder used to prevent a baby's diaper from chafing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe designed to be worn by infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacitracin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polypeptide antibiotic of known chemical structure effective against several types of Gram-positive organisms; usually applied locally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back", + "backrest" + ], + "it": [ + "schienale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support that you can lean against while sitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a garment that covers the back of your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backband" + ], + "it": [ + "portastanghe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad band that passes over the back of a horse and supports the shafts of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the seats occupied by backbenchers in the House of Commons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board used to support the back of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backboard", + "basketball backboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised vertical board with basket attached; used to play basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a network that connects other networks together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace worn to support the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back door", + "backdoor", + "back entrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance at the rear of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backdrop", + "background", + "backcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "fondale", + "scenario", + "sfondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scenery hung at back of stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backgammon board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the board on which backgammon is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background", + "desktop", + "screen background" + ], + "it": [ + "desktop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the area of the screen in graphical user interfaces against which icons and windows appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backhoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backing", + "mount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something forming a back that is added for strengthening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backlighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lighting from behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpack", + "back pack", + "knapsack", + "packsack", + "rucksack", + "haversack" + ], + "it": [ + "zaino", + "zainetto", + "tascapane", + "bisaccia", + "saccapane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag carried by a strap on your back or shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpacking tent", + "pack tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tent that can be carried in a backpack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate armor protecting the back; worn as part of a cuirass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back porch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porch for the back door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room located in the rear of an establishment; usually accessible only to privileged groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meeting place of a group of leaders who make their decisions via private negotiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backsaw", + "back saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw that is stiffened by metal reinforcement along the upper edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backscratcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled scratcher for scratching your back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat at the back of a vehicle (especially the seat at the back of an automobile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backspace key", + "backspace", + "backspacer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the typewriter key used for back spacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstairs" + ], + "it": [ + "scala di servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second staircase at the rear of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstay" + ], + "it": [ + "paterasso", + "paterazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stay that supports the back of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overlapping stitch made by starting the next stitch at the middle of the preceding one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a fence or screen (as behind home plate) to prevent the ball from traveling out of the playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backsword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sword with only one cutting edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backup", + "computer backup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a copy of a file or directory on a separate storage device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backup system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer system for making backups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backyard" + ], + "it": [ + "cortile posteriore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grounds in back of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteria bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "layer of sand or gravel used to expose sewage effluent to air and the action of microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badminton court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the court on which badminton is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badminton equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment for playing the game of badminton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badminton racket", + "badminton racquet", + "battledore" + ], + "it": [ + "racchetta da badminton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light long-handled racket used by badminton players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baffle", + "baffle board" + ], + "it": [ + "deflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat plate that controls or directs the flow of fluid or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa", + "sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible container with a single opening" + ], + "it": [ + "contenitore di tela, carta o plastica, di forma allungata e aperto in alto, usato per contenere o trasportare materiali incoerenti od oggetti di piccole dimensioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag", + "traveling bag", + "travelling bag", + "grip", + "suitcase" + ], + "it": [ + "bagaglio", + "borsa", + "valigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable rectangular container for carrying clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag", + "handbag", + "pocketbook", + "purse" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa", + "borsetta", + "borsetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagatelle", + "fluff", + "frippery", + "frivolity" + ], + "it": [ + "baia", + "frivolezza", + "futilità", + "risibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of little value or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggage", + "luggage" + ], + "it": [ + "bagaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cases used to carry belongings when traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the portable equipment and supplies of an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggage car", + "luggage van" + ], + "it": [ + "bagagliaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway car where passengers' bags are carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggage claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in an airport where arriving passengers can collect the luggage that has been carried in the hold of the aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for putting objects or substances into bags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagpipe" + ], + "it": [ + "cennamella", + "cornamusa", + "piva", + "zampogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular wind instrument; the player blows air into a bag and squeezes it out through the drone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer defensive wall that surrounds the outer courtyard of a castle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer courtyard of a castle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bailey bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary bridge designed for rapid construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bain-marie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pan that is filled with hot water; smaller pans containing food can be set in the larger pan to keep food warm or to cook food slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait", + "decoy", + "lure" + ], + "it": [ + "amo", + "esca", + "zimbello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something used to lure fish or other animals into danger so they can be trapped or killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright green fabric napped to resemble felt; used to cover gaming tables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bakery", + "bakeshop", + "bakehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "forno", + "panetteria", + "panificio", + "prestino", + "vapoforno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where baked goods (breads and cakes and pastries) are produced or sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balaclava", + "balaclava helmet" + ], + "it": [ + "camaglio", + "passamontagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap that is close-fitting and woolen and covers all of the head but the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balalaika" + ], + "it": [ + "balalaica", + "balalaika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument that has a triangular body and three strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia", + "bilancino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale for weighing; depends on pull of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance beam", + "beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic apparatus used by women gymnasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance wheel", + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that regulates the rate of movement in a machine; especially a wheel oscillating against the hairspring of a timepiece to regulate its beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balbriggan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cotton knit fabric used for underwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balcony" + ], + "it": [ + "balconata", + "balcone", + "poggiolo", + "terrazzino", + "terrazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform projecting from the wall of a building and surrounded by a balustrade or railing or parapet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balcony" + ], + "it": [ + "balconata", + "galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upper floor projecting from the rear over the main floor in an auditorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baldachin" + ], + "it": [ + "baldacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamented canopy supported by columns or suspended from a roof or projected from a wall (as over an altar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baldric", + "baldrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide (ornamented) belt worn over the right shoulder to support a sword or bugle by the left hip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bale" + ], + "it": [ + "balla", + "collo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bundle bound for storage or transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baling wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wire used to make bales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla", + "pallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games" + ], + "it": [ + "sfera di dimensioni variabili e di materiali diversi, piena o cava, usata in numerosi giochi e sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spherical object used as a plaything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball and chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy iron ball attached to a prisoner by a chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball-and-socket joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint that can rotate within a socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast" + ], + "it": [ + "zavorra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast", + "light ballast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device for starting and regulating fluorescent and discharge lamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast resistor", + "ballast", + "barretter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (as those arising from temperature fluctuations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball bearing", + "needle bearing", + "roller bearing" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscinetto a sfere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bearings containing small metal balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball cartridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general purpose cartridge having a primer and a ball and a full charge of powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballcock", + "ball cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floating ball that controls level in a water tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balldress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit or dress for formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet skirt", + "tutu" + ], + "it": [ + "tutù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very short skirt worn by ballerinas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball field", + "baseball field", + "diamond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the baseball playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball gown" + ], + "it": [ + "vestito da ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most formal gown; worn to a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistic galvanometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moving-coil galvanometer that measures electric charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistic missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missile that is guided in the first part of its flight but falls freely as it approaches target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistic pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical pendulum consisting of a large mass suspended from a rod; when it is struck by a projectile its displacement is used to measure the projectile's velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistocardiograph", + "cardiograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument that measures the mechanical force of cardiac contractions and the amount of blood passing through the heart during a specified period by measuring the recoil of the body as blood is pumped from the ventricles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon" + ], + "it": [ + "mongolfiera", + "pallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tough nonrigid bag filled with gas or heated air" + ], + "it": [ + "aerostato privo di motore, gonfiato con un gas (più leggero dell’aria) o aria calda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon" + ], + "it": [ + "palloncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small thin inflatable rubber bag with narrow neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon bomb", + "Fugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb carried by a balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any light loose sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballot box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box where voters deposit their ballots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballpark", + "park" + ], + "it": [ + "stadio di baseball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility in which ball games are played (especially baseball games)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball-peen hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hammer with one round and one flat end; used in working metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballpoint", + "ballpoint pen", + "ballpen", + "Biro" + ], + "it": [ + "biro", + "penna a sfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen that has a small metal ball as the point of transfer of ink to paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballroom", + "dance hall", + "dance palace" + ], + "it": [ + "balera", + "dancing", + "sala da ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large room used mainly for dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any valve that checks flow by the seating of a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balmoral", + "bluebonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brimless dark blue Scottish cap with a flat top and a plume on one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balmoral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy laced walking shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam" + ], + "it": [ + "balsamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment containing a fragrant resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsa raft", + "Kon Tiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light raft made of balsa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baluster" + ], + "it": [ + "colonnino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of closely spaced supports for a railing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana boat" + ], + "it": [ + "bananiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship designed to transport bananas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flat strip of flexible material that is worn around the body or one of the limbs (especially to decorate the body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band", + "banding", + "stripe" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "fascia", + "lista", + "riga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment consisting of a strip of a contrasting color or material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint put around something to hold it together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band", + "ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of material attached to the leg of a bird to identify it (as in studies of bird migration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flat strip or loop of flexible material that goes around or over something else, typically to hold it together or as a decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driving belt in machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandage", + "patch" + ], + "it": [ + "benda", + "bendatura", + "fascia", + "fasciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of soft material that covers and protects an injured part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Band Aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an adhesive bandage to cover small cuts or blisters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandanna", + "bandana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and brightly colored handkerchief; often used as a neckerchief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light cylindrical box for holding light articles of attire (especially hats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banderilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorated dart that is implanted in the neck or shoulders of the bull during a bull fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandoleer", + "bandolier" + ], + "it": [ + "armacollo", + "balteo", + "bandoliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad cartridge belt worn over the shoulder by soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandoneon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of concertina popular in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandsaw", + "band saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endless saw consisting of a toothed metal band that is driven around two wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandstand", + "outdoor stage", + "stand" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform where a (brass) band can play in the open air" + ], + "it": [ + "palco coperto dell'orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandwagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ornate wagon for carrying a musical band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bangalore torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal pipe filled with explosive, used to detonate land mines or to clear a path through barbed wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bangle", + "bauble", + "gaud", + "gewgaw", + "novelty", + "fallal", + "trinket" + ], + "it": [ + "chincaglia", + "chincaglieria", + "gingillo", + "ninnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheap showy jewelry or ornament on clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banjo" + ], + "it": [ + "bangio", + "banjo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument of the guitar family that has long neck and circular body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank", + "bank building" + ], + "it": [ + "banca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building in which the business of banking transacted" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banner", + "streamer" + ], + "it": [ + "stendardo", + "striscione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bannister", + "banister", + "balustrade", + "balusters", + "handrail" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiatoio", + "balaustra", + "balaustrata", + "balaustrato", + "bracciolo", + "corrimano", + "mancorrente", + "passamano", + "ringhiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railing at the side of a staircase or balcony to prevent people from falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banquette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upholstered bench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banyan", + "banian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose fitting jacket; originally worn in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baptismal font", + "baptistry", + "baptistery", + "font" + ], + "it": [ + "battisterio", + "battistero", + "fonte battesimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowl for baptismal water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "spranga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid piece of metal or wood; usually used as a fastening or obstruction or weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstruction (usually metal) placed at the top of a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "barra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter where you can obtain food or drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "sbarra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a railing that encloses the part of the courtroom where the judges and lawyers sit and the case is tried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heating element in an electric fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal rod that serves as a support for gymnasts as they perform exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary point facing opposite from the main point that makes an arrowhead or spear hard to remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pointed part of barbed wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecue", + "barbeque" + ], + "it": [ + "barbecue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack to hold meat for cooking over hot charcoal usually out of doors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbed wire", + "barbwire" + ], + "it": [ + "filo spinato", + "reticolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong wire with barbs at regular intervals used to prevent passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar to which heavy discs are attached at each end; used in weightlifting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barber chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fixed adjustable chair in which barbers seat their customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbershop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where men can get their hair cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbette" + ], + "it": [ + "barbetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a mound of earth inside a fort from which heavy gun can be fired over the parapet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbette carriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun carriage elevated so that the gun can be fired over the parapet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbican", + "barbacan" + ], + "it": [ + "barbacane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower that is part of a defensive structure (such as a castle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit for horses that is a solid bar of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbital", + "veronal", + "barbitone", + "diethylbarbituric acid", + "diethylmalonylurea" + ], + "it": [ + "veronal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barbiturate used as a hypnotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbiturate" + ], + "it": [ + "barbiturico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organic compound having powerful soporific effect; overdose can be fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental caparison for a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bareboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel (such as a yacht) that can be chartered without a captain or crew or provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barge", + "flatboat", + "hoy", + "lighter" + ], + "it": [ + "barcone", + "burchio", + "chiatta", + "magona", + "maona", + "piatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargello", + "flame stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlepoint embroidery stitch that produces zigzag lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barge pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long pole used to propel or guide a barge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baritone", + "baritone horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second lowest brass wind instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark", + "barque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing ship with 3 (or more) masts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar magnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnet in the form of a bar with magnetic poles at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catcher's mask with bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn" + ], + "it": [ + "fienaia", + "fienile", + "stalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barndoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opaque adjustable flap on a lamp fixture; used in photography to cut off light from particular areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large sliding door of a barn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yard adjoining a barn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barograph" + ], + "it": [ + "barografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording barometer; automatically records on paper the variations in atmospheric pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barometer" + ], + "it": [ + "barometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento per misurare la pressione atmosferica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife resembling a cleaver; used in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barouche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse-drawn carriage having four wheels; has an outside seat for the driver and facing inside seats for two couples and a folding top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impact printer that uses a bar to carry the type slugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrack" + ], + "it": [ + "casermone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building or group of buildings used to house military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrage balloon" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated tethered balloon or blimp with cables or net suspended from it to deter enemy planes that are flying low" + ], + "it": [ + "pallone di sbarramento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel", + "cask" + ], + "it": [ + "barile", + "botte", + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical container that holds liquids" + ], + "it": [ + "recipiente cilindrico, piuttosto capace, usato per contenere prodotti liquidi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel", + "gun barrel" + ], + "it": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube through which a bullet travels when a gun is fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrelhouse", + "honky-tonk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap drinking and dancing establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel knot", + "blood knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot used for tying fishing leaders together; the ends of the two leaders are wrapped around each other two or three times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel organ", + "grind organ", + "hand organ", + "hurdy gurdy", + "hurdy-gurdy", + "street organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument that makes music by rotation of a cylinder studded with pegs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel vault" + ], + "it": [ + "volta a botte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the simplest form of vault; a single continuous arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrette" + ], + "it": [ + "fermacapelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pin for holding women's hair in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barricade" + ], + "it": [ + "asserragliamento", + "barricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier (usually thrown up hastily) to impede the advance of an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrier" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "sbarramento", + "transenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure or object that impedes free movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barroom", + "bar", + "saloon", + "ginmill", + "taproom" + ], + "it": [ + "bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrow", + "garden cart", + "lawn cart", + "wheelbarrow" + ], + "it": [ + "carriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cart for carrying small loads; has handles and one or more wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soap in the form of a bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bascule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure or device in which one end is counterbalanced by the other (on the principle of the seesaw)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "pedestal", + "stand" + ], + "it": [ + "base", + "piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support or foundation" + ], + "it": [ + "parte inferiore di un oggetto o una struttura, che abbia funzione di sostegno o di appoggio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "bag" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place that the runner must touch before scoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "base of operations" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "installation from which a military force initiates operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal ingredient of a mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla base", + "palla da baseball", + "pallabase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball used in playing baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball bat", + "lumber" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used in baseball by the batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball cap", + "jockey cap", + "golf cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap with a bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trading card with a picture of a baseball player and information about his playing record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball diamond", + "diamond", + "infield" + ], + "it": [ + "diamante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of a baseball field that is enclosed by 3 bases and home plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used in playing baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball glove", + "glove", + "baseball mitt", + "mitt" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo guanto", + "mezzoguanto", + "mitaine", + "mitena", + "mittena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseboard", + "mopboard", + "skirting board" + ], + "it": [ + "battiscopa", + "zoccolo", + "basamento", + "salvamuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molding covering the joint formed by a wall and the floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basement", + "cellar" + ], + "it": [ + "cantina", + "cantinato", + "interrato", + "piano interrato", + "scantinato", + "semiinterrato", + "seminterrato", + "sotterraneo", + "sotto terra", + "sottoterra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basement" + ], + "it": [ + "basamento", + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ground floor facade or interior in Renaissance architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic", + "staple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a necessary commodity for which demand is constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic point defense missile system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard missile system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilica", + "Roman basilica" + ], + "it": [ + "basilica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman building used for public administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilica" + ], + "it": [ + "basilica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early Christian church designed like a Roman basilica; or a Roman Catholic church or cathedral accorded certain privileges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient brass cannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basin" + ], + "it": [ + "bacile", + "bacinella", + "bacino", + "catinella", + "catino", + "vaschetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl-shaped vessel; usually used for holding food or liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval steel helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket", + "handbasket" + ], + "it": [ + "canestro", + "cesta", + "cestino", + "cesto", + "paniere", + "cestino della spesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container that is usually woven and has handles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket", + "basketball hoop", + "hoop" + ], + "it": [ + "canestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horizontal circular metal hoop supporting a net through which players try to throw the basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla da basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflated ball used in playing basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the court on which basketball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in playing basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket hilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hilt with a basket-shaped guard for the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basket weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth woven of two or more threads interlaced to suggest the weave of a basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bas relief", + "low relief", + "basso relievo", + "basso rilievo" + ], + "it": [ + "bassorilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculptural relief in which forms extend only slightly from the background; no figures are undercut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member with the lowest range of a family of musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass clarinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large clarinet whose range is an octave below the B-flat clarinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass drum", + "gran casa" + ], + "it": [ + "grancassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large drum with two heads; makes a sound of indefinite but very low pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basset horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenor clarinet; pitched in the key of F below the B-flat clarinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass fiddle", + "bass viol", + "bull fiddle", + "double bass", + "contrabass", + "string bass" + ], + "it": [ + "contrabasso", + "contrabbasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest and lowest member of the violin family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass guitar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the guitar with six strings that has the lowest pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass horn", + "sousaphone", + "tuba" + ], + "it": [ + "tuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest brass wind instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket (usually hooded) used as a baby's bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perambulator that resembles a bassinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassoon" + ], + "it": [ + "fagotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double-reed instrument; the tenor of the oboe family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard", + "mongrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derogatory term for a variation that is not genuine; something irregular or inferior or of dubious origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baste", + "basting", + "basting stitch", + "tacking" + ], + "it": [ + "imbastitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose temporary sewing stitch to hold layers of fabric together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube with a rubber bulb used to take up and release melted fat or gravy in order to moisten roasting meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jail or prison (especially one that is run in a tyrannical manner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bastille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortress built in Paris in the 14th century and used as a prison in the 17th and 18th centuries; it was destroyed July 14, 1789 at the start of the French Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastinado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cudgel used to give someone a beating on the soles of the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projecting part of a rampart or other fortification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastion", + "citadel" + ], + "it": [ + "baluardo", + "bastione", + "cittadella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stronghold into which people could go for shelter during a battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-grade cocaine mixed with coca paste and cannabis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club used for hitting a ball in various games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheelchair usually pushed by an attendant, as at a spa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathhouse", + "bagnio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building containing public baths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathhouse", + "bathing machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building containing dressing rooms for bathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathing cap", + "swimming cap" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia", + "cuffia da bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight-fitting cap that keeps hair dry while swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath linen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linens for use in the bathroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy towel or mat to stand on while drying yourself after a bath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio da bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scented oil added to your bath water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathrobe" + ], + "it": [ + "accappatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose-fitting robe of towelling; worn after a bath or swim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathroom", + "bath" + ], + "it": [ + "bagno", + "ritirata", + "toilette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (as in a residence) containing a bathtub or shower and usually a washbasin and toilet" + ], + "it": [ + "una stanza (in una casa) tipicamente con lavandino, vasca o doccia, e water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathroom cleaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation for cleaning bathrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathroom fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fixture in a bathroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath salts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation that softens or scents a bath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bath towel" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugamano da bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large towel; to dry yourself after a bath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathtub", + "bathing tub", + "bath", + "tub" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnarola", + "tinozza", + "vasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively large open container that you fill with water and use to wash the body" + ], + "it": [ + "un contenitore relativamente grande che le persone usano per lavarsi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathymeter", + "bathometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures the depth of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathyscaphe", + "bathyscaph", + "bathyscape" + ], + "it": [ + "batiscafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigable deep diving vessel for underwater exploration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathysphere" + ], + "it": [ + "batisfera", + "batosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spherical deep diving apparatus (lowered by a cable) for underwater exploration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batik" + ], + "it": [ + "batic", + "batik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dyed fabric; a removable wax is used where the dye is not wanted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batiste" + ], + "it": [ + "batista", + "battista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin plain-weave cotton or linen fabric; used for shirts or dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baton", + "wand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin tapered rod used by a conductor to lead an orchestra or choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baton" + ], + "it": [ + "testimone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow cylinder passed from runner to runner in a relay race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baton" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow metal rod that is wielded or twirled by a drum major or drum majorette" + ], + "it": [ + "usata dal conduttore per dirigere l'orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short staff carried by some officials to symbolize an office or an authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baton Rouge Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cantilever bridge across the Mississippi at Baton Rouge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batten" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "listello di legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip fixed to something to hold it firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battering ram" + ], + "it": [ + "ariete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ram used to break down doors of fortified buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batter's box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area on a baseball diamond (on either side of home plate) marked by lines within which the batter must stand when at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery", + "electric battery" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulatore", + "batteria", + "pila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that produces electricity; may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery", + "stamp battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of stamps operated in one mortar for crushing ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting", + "batten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stuffing made of rolls or sheets of cotton wool or synthetic fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting cage", + "cage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable screen placed behind home base to catch balls during batting practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting glove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glove worn by batters in baseball to give a firmer grip on the bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting helmet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helmet worn by the batter in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle-ax", + "battle-axe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadax used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle cruiser" + ], + "it": [ + "incrociatore da battaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruiser of maximum speed and firepower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle dress" + ], + "it": [ + "uniforme da combattimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military uniform designed for field service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag that leads troops into battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battlement", + "crenelation", + "crenellation" + ], + "it": [ + "merlatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battleship", + "battlewagon" + ], + "it": [ + "corazzata", + "nave da guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and heavily armoured warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle sight", + "battlesight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of sights that makes possible the rapid aiming of a firearm at short ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batwing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of swinging doors (as at the entrance to a western saloon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay" + ], + "it": [ + "vano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compartment in an aircraft used for some specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay" + ], + "it": [ + "infermeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compartment on a ship between decks; often used as a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayonet" + ], + "it": [ + "baionetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayonne Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel arch bridge connecting New Jersey and Staten Island at Bayonne, New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay rum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic liquid originally obtained by distilling the leaves of the bayberry tree with rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay window", + "bow window" + ], + "it": [ + "bovindo", + "bow-window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window that sticks out from the outside wall of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bazaar", + "bazar" + ], + "it": [ + "bazar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where a variety of goods are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bazaar", + "bazar" + ], + "it": [ + "bazar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street of small shops (especially in Orient)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bazooka" + ], + "it": [ + "bazooka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable rocket launcher used by infantrymen as an antitank weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "BB", + "BB shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pellet fired from an air rifle or BB gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battery for supplying a constant positive voltage to the plate of a vacuum tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "BB gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air gun in which BBs are propelled by compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach ball", + "beachball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and light ball; for play at the seaside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house built on or near a beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach towel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large towel to dry yourself after swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach wagon", + "station wagon", + "wagon", + "estate car", + "beach waggon", + "station waggon", + "waggon" + ], + "it": [ + "giardinetta", + "giardiniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that has a long body and rear door with space behind rear seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beachwear" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "abbigliamento da spiaggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing to be worn at a beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beacon", + "lighthouse", + "beacon light", + "pharos" + ], + "it": [ + "faro", + "lanterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bead" + ], + "it": [ + "chicco", + "perlina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ball with a hole through the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beading", + "bead", + "beadwork", + "astragal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beaded molding for edging or decorating furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beading", + "beadwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamentation with beads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beading plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane with a concave blade for making moulding with beadwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beads", + "string of beads" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several beads threaded together on a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cup (usually without a handle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flatbottomed jar made of glass or plastic; used for chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam" + ], + "it": [ + "travatura", + "trave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long thick piece of wood or metal or concrete, etc., used in construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the broad side of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balance consisting of a lever with two equal arms and a pan suspended from each arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beanbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cloth bag filled with dried beans; thrown in games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beanie", + "beany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small skullcap; formerly worn by schoolboys and college freshmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incised design resembling the claw of a bear; used in Native American pottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating support placed between moving parts to allow them to move easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing rein", + "checkrein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rein designed to keep the horse's head in the desired position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wall supporting a floor or the roof of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearskin", + "busby", + "shako" + ], + "it": [ + "colbac", + "colbacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall hat; worn by some British soldiers on ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for beating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beating-reed instrument", + "reed instrument", + "reed" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "strumento a fiato munito di ancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument that sounds by means of a vibrating reed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty spot" + ], + "it": [ + "mosca", + "neo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot that is worn on a lady's face for adornment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver", + "castor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat made with the fur of a beaver (or similar material)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver" + ], + "it": [ + "barbotto", + "barbozza", + "barbozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable piece of armor on a medieval helmet used to protect the lower face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light wallboard made of compressed wood pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "becket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a short line with an eye at one end and a knot at the other; used to secure loose items on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beckman thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercury thermometer that measures small differences or changes in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ], + "it": [ + "letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep" + ], + "it": [ + "mobile destinato al riposo e al sonno, adatto per rimanervi comodamente sdraiati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plot of ground in which plants are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ], + "it": [ + "massicciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundation of earth or rock supporting a road or railroad track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat surface of a printing press on which the type form is laid in the last stage of producing a newspaper or magazine or book etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed and breakfast", + "bed-and-breakfast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overnight boardinghouse with breakfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedclothes", + "bed clothing", + "bedding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coverings that are used on a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedding material", + "bedding", + "litter" + ], + "it": [ + "lettiera", + "letto", + "strame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used to provide a bed for animals" + ], + "it": [ + "giaciglio per gli animali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bedford cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy corded fabric similar to corduroy; used for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "liseuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight jacket worn over bedclothes (as when sitting in bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bedlam", + "booby hatch", + "crazy house", + "cuckoo's nest", + "funny farm", + "funny house", + "loony bin", + "madhouse", + "nut house", + "nuthouse", + "sanatorium", + "snake pit" + ], + "it": [ + "casa dei matti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pejorative terms for an insane asylum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed linen" + ], + "it": [ + "biancheria da letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linen or cotton articles for a bed (as sheets and pillowcases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedpan" + ], + "it": [ + "padella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow vessel used by a bedridden patient for defecation and urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed pillow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft pillow for use on a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedpost" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "colonnina del letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of 4 vertical supports at the corners of a bedstead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedding rolled up for carrying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedroom", + "sleeping room", + "sleeping accommodation", + "chamber", + "bedchamber" + ], + "it": [ + "camera", + "camera da letto", + "alcova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room used primarily for sleeping" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza usata principalemte per dormire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedroom furniture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture intended for use in a bedroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedsitting room", + "bedsitter", + "bedsit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnished sitting room with sleeping accommodations (and some plumbing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedspread", + "bedcover", + "bed cover", + "bed covering", + "counterpane", + "spread" + ], + "it": [ + "copriletto", + "sopraccoperta", + "sovraccoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative cover for a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedspring" + ], + "it": [ + "molla del materasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) one of the springs holding up the mattress of a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedstead", + "bedframe" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fusto del letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the framework of a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph of a muscular man in minimal attire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beehive", + "hive" + ], + "it": [ + "arnia", + "bugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man-made receptacle that houses a swarm of bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beehive" + ], + "it": [ + "alveare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any workplace where people are very busy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beeper", + "pager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that generates a series of beeps when the person carrying it is being paged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer barrel", + "beer keg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrel that holds beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle that holds beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer can" + ], + "it": [ + "lattina di birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a can that holds beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tavern with an outdoor area (usually resembling a garden) where beer and other alcoholic drinks are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively large glass for serving beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hall or barroom featuring beer and (usually) entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drip mat placed under a glass of beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer mug", + "stein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mug intended for serving beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belaying pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood or metal bar to which a rope can be secured (as on a ship or in mountain climbing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belfry" + ], + "it": [ + "cella campanaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (often at the top of a tower) where bells are hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell" + ], + "it": [ + "campana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flared opening of a tubular device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belladonna" + ], + "it": [ + "belladonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloidal extract or tincture of the poisonous belladonna plant that is used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round arch resting on corbels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellarmine", + "longbeard", + "long-beard", + "greybeard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stoneware drinking jug with a long neck; decorated with a caricature of Cardinal Bellarmine (17th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellbottom trousers", + "bell-bottoms", + "bellbottom pants" + ], + "it": [ + "pantaloni a zampa d'elefante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers with legs that flare; worn by sailors; absurdly wide hems were fashionable in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell cote", + "bell cot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shelter for bells; has a gable or shed roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floor under the bells of an open belfry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell foundry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundry where bells are cast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell gable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extension of a gable that serves as a bell cote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell jar", + "bell glass" + ], + "it": [ + "campana", + "campana di vetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell-shaped glass cover used to protect and display delicate objects or to cover scientific apparatus or to contain gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellows" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that blows a strong current of air; used to make a fire burn more fiercely or to sound a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellpull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handle or cord that is pulled to ring a doorbell or a servant's bell etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell push" + ], + "it": [ + "pulsante del campanello", + "bottone del campanello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a button that is pushed to ring a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell seat", + "balloon seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat that has a bell shape (on some 18th century chairs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell tent" + ], + "it": [ + "tenda conica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell-shaped tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell tower" + ], + "it": [ + "campanile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower that supports or shelters a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellyband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strap around the belly of a draft animal holding the shafts of a wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellyband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth band that is worn around the waist (as on infants until the navel has healed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belmont Park", + "Belmont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack for thoroughbred racing in Elmont on Long Island; site of the Belmont Stakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nazi concentration camp for Jews created in northwestern Germany during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghia", + "cinta", + "cintola", + "cintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band to tie or buckle around the body (usually at the waist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt", + "belt ammunition", + "belted ammunition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ammunition (usually of small caliber) loaded in flexible linked strips for use in a machine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt buckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the buckle used to fasten a belt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the material of which belts are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belvedere" + ], + "it": [ + "belvedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gazebo sited to command a fine view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beltway", + "bypass", + "ring road", + "ringway" + ], + "it": [ + "circonvallazione", + "tangenziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highway that encircles an urban area so that traffic does not have to pass through the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "panca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long seat for more than one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench" + ], + "it": [ + "panchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the seat for judges in a courtroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench clamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clamp used to hold work in place on a workbench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various stops on a workbench against which work can be pushed (as while chiseling or planing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench lathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lathe mounted on a workbench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small punch press mounted on a workbench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bend", + "curve" + ], + "it": [ + "ansa", + "curva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curved segment (of a road or river or railroad track etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bend", + "bend dexter" + ], + "it": [ + "banda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagonal line traversing a shield from the upper right corner to the lower left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for bending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benjamin Franklin Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Delaware River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bentwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood that is steamed until it becomes pliable and then is shaped for use in making furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benzedrine", + "bennie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of amphetamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzocaine", + "ethyl aminobenzoate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline ester used as a local anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benzodiazepine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several similar lipophilic amines used as tranquilizers or sedatives or hypnotics or muscle relaxants; chronic use can lead to dependency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beret" + ], + "it": [ + "basco", + "berretto", + "bonetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap with no brim or bill; made of soft cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limousine with a glass partition between the front and back seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda rig", + "Bermudan rig", + "Bermudian rig", + "Marconi rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rig of triangular sails for a yacht" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda shorts", + "Jamaica shorts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short pants that end at the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berth", + "bunk", + "built in bed" + ], + "it": [ + "cuccetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed on a ship or train; usually in tiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besom" + ], + "it": [ + "ramazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broom made of twigs tied together on a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bessemer converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refractory-lined furnace used to convert pig iron into steel by the Bessemer process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta blocker", + "beta-blocking agent", + "beta-adrenergic blocker", + "beta-adrenergic blocking agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various drugs used in treating hypertension or arrhythmia; decreases force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the autonomic nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta-interferon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of interferon that is produced by fibroblasts and have antiviral effects; used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betatron", + "induction accelerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accelerates a continuous beam of electrons to high speeds by means of the electric field produced by changing magnetic flux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bethel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house of worship (especially one for sailors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betting shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a licensed bookmaker's shop that is not at the race track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevatron" + ], + "it": [ + "bevatrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyclotron that accelerates protons up to several billion electron volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevel", + "bevel square" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra falsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool consisting of two rules that are hinged together so you can draw or measure angles of any size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevel", + "cant", + "chamfer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "spigolo smussato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two surfaces meeting at an angle different from 90 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevel gear", + "pinion and crown wheel", + "pinion and ring gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gears that mesh at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bezel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloping edge on a cutting tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-flat clarinet", + "licorice stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ordinary clarinet with a middle range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bhang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation of the leaves and flowers of the hemp plant; much used in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bib" + ], + "it": [ + "bavaglino", + "bavagliolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a napkin tied under the chin of a child while eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bib" + ], + "it": [ + "pettina", + "pettino", + "pettorina", + "petturina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "top part of an apron; covering the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bib-and-tucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attractive outfit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicorn", + "bicorne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocked hat with the brim turned up to form two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle", + "bike", + "wheel", + "cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "bici", + "bicicletta", + "ciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle-built-for-two", + "tandem bicycle", + "tandem" + ], + "it": [ + "tandem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bicycle with two sets of pedals and two seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain that transmits the power from the pedals to the rear wheel of a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle clip", + "trouser clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clip worn around a cyclist's ankles that keeps trousers from becoming caught in the bicycle chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle pump" + ], + "it": [ + "pompa da bicicletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pump that fills bicycle tires with air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle rack" + ], + "it": [ + "rastrelliera per biciclette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for parking bicycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle seat", + "saddle" + ], + "it": [ + "sella", + "sellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat for the rider of a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wheel of a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bidet" + ], + "it": [ + "bidè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basin for washing genitals and anal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bier" + ], + "it": [ + "catafalco", + "cataletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand to support a corpse or a coffin prior to burial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bier" + ], + "it": [ + "bara", + "cataletto", + "feretro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coffin along with its stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bi-fold door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interior door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifocals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eyeglasses having two focal lengths, one for near vision and the other for far vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Ben" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clock in the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament, London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Blue", + "BLU-82" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reliable and deadly 15,000-pound fragmentation bomb that explodes just above ground with a large radius; the largest conventional bomb in existence; used in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large display board at the New York Stock Exchange that reports on stocks traded on the exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biggin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's tight-fitting cap; often ties under the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big H", + "hell dust", + "nose drops", + "smack", + "thunder", + "skag", + "scag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for heroin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle part of a slack rope (as distinguished from its ends)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bijou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and delicately worked piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bikini", + "two-piece" + ], + "it": [ + "bichini", + "bikini", + "duepezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's very brief bathing suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bikini pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small and tight-fitting underpants; worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge" + ], + "it": [ + "sentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where the sides of the vessel curve in to form the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge keel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two lengthwise fins attached along the outside of a ship's bilge; reduces rolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge pump" + ], + "it": [ + "pompa di sentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump to remove bilgewater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a vessel with two hulls, an enclosed area between the frames at each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a well where seepage drains to be pumped away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill", + "peak", + "eyeshade", + "visor", + "vizor" + ], + "it": [ + "visiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brim that projects to the front to shade the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill", + "billhook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled saw with a curved blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billboard", + "hoarding" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellone", + "manifesto", + "reclame", + "tabellone", + "tabellone pubblicitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large outdoor signboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billet" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggiamento", + "alloggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lodging for military personnel (especially in a private home)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billiard ball" + ], + "it": [ + "biglia", + "bilia", + "palla da biliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used in playing billiards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billiard marker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for keeping the score in a game of billiards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billiard room", + "billiard saloon", + "billiard parlor", + "billiard parlour", + "billiard hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which billiards is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimetallic strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip consisting of two metals that bends with a rise in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container; usually has a lid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binder", + "ligature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something used to tie or bind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binder", + "ring-binder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holds loose papers or magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binder", + "reaper binder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that cuts grain and binds it in sheaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bindery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workshop where books are bound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binding", + "book binding", + "cover", + "back" + ], + "it": [ + "copertina", + "rilegatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip sewn over or along an edge for reinforcement or decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bin liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic bag used to line a trash or garbage bin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binnacle" + ], + "it": [ + "abitacolo", + "chiesuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmagnetic housing for a ship's compass (usually in front of the helm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binoculars", + "field glasses", + "opera glasses" + ], + "it": [ + "binocolo", + "cannocchiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument designed for simultaneous use by both eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binocular microscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light microscope adapted to the use of both eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biochip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microchip that uses tiny strands of DNA to latch onto and quickly recognize thousands of genes at a time; intended for use in a biological environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biohazard suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose one-piece garment worn to protect the wearer against dangerous biological or chemical agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biology lab", + "biology laboratory", + "bio lab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory for biological research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of early movie projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South African movie theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioweapon", + "biological weapon", + "bioarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any weapon usable in biological warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biplane" + ], + "it": [ + "biplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old fashioned airplane; has two wings one above the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biprism" + ], + "it": [ + "biprisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for obtaining interference fringes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch", + "birch rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch consisting of a twig or a bundle of twigs from a birch tree; used to hit people as punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birchbark canoe", + "birchbark", + "birch bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canoe made with the bark of a birch tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdbath" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental basin (usually in a garden) for birds to bathe in" + ], + "it": [ + "vasca per gli uccelli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdcage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cage in which a bird can be kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdcage mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catcher's mask with a strong wire face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdcall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for imitating a birdcall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird feeder", + "birdfeeder", + "feeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor device that supplies food for wild birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "colombaia", + "piccionaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter for birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird shot", + "buckshot", + "duck shot" + ], + "it": [ + "lupara", + "pallettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small lead shot for shotgun shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biretta", + "berretta", + "birretta" + ], + "it": [ + "berretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff cap with ridges across the crown; worn by Roman Catholic clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bishop" + ], + "it": [ + "alfiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) a piece that can be moved diagonally over unoccupied squares of the same color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bistro" + ], + "it": [ + "bistrot", + "bistrò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small informal restaurant; serves wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "punta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cutting part of a drill; usually pointed and threaded and is replaceable in a brace or bitstock or drill press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "freno", + "imboccatura", + "morso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of metal held in horse's mouth by reins and used to control the horse while riding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a key that enters a lock and lifts the tumblers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite plate", + "biteplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable dental appliance that is worn in the palate for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitewing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dental X-ray film that can be held in place by the teeth during radiography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitmap", + "electronic image" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine elettronica", + "immagine digitale", + "immagine in formato elettronico", + "immagine in formato digitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image represented as a two dimensional array of brightness values for pixels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the inboard end of a line or cable especially the end that is wound around a bitt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitthead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper end of a bitt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitt pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pin through the bitthead to keep the mooring lines from slipping off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitumastic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective coating of asphalt and filter used on structural metals that are exposed to weathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(board games) the darker pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black and white", + "monochrome" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia in bianco e nero", + "foto in bianco e nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black-and-white photograph or slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackboard", + "chalkboard" + ], + "it": [ + "lavagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet of slate; for writing with chalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackboard eraser" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellino", + "cassino", + "cimosa", + "cimossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eraser that removes chalk marks from blackboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black box" + ], + "it": [ + "scatola nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment that records information about the performance of an aircraft during flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the makeup (usually burnt cork) used by a performer in order to imitate a Negro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black flag", + "pirate flag", + "Jolly Roger", + "blackjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag usually bearing a white skull and crossbones on a black background; indicates a pirate ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Hole of Calcutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dungeon (20 feet square) in a fort in Calcutta where as many as 146 English prisoners were held overnight by Siraj-ud-daula; the next morning only 23 were still alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackjack", + "cosh", + "sap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of metal covered by leather with a flexible handle; used for hitting people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black bow tie worn with a dinner jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackwall hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple hitch used for temporarily attaching a line to a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wash that colors a surface black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwash", + "black lotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of calomel and limewater that is used on syphilitic sores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag that fills with air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello", + "lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat part of a tool or weapon that (usually) has a cutting edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade", + "vane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat surface that rotates and pushes against air or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the skate that slides on the ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank", + "dummy", + "blank shell" + ], + "it": [ + "cartuccia a salve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartridge containing an explosive charge but no bullet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of material ready to be made into something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coltre", + "coperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedding that keeps a person warm in bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of lead surrounding the highly reactive core of a nuclear reactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong reinforcing stitch for edges of blanket and other thick material; similar to buttonhole stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blarney Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone in a castle in Ireland that is said to impart skill in flattery to anyone who kisses it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast furnace" + ], + "it": [ + "alto forno", + "altoforno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace for smelting of iron from iron oxide ores; combustion is intensified by a blast of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blasting cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tube filled with detonating substances; used to detonate high explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blasting gelatin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of guncotton with nitroglycerin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blazer", + "sport jacket", + "sport coat", + "sports jacket", + "sports coat" + ], + "it": [ + "blazer", + "giacca sportiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightweight single-breasted jacket; often striped in the colors of a club or school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleachers" + ], + "it": [ + "gradinata", + "posti di gradinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outdoor grandstand without a roof; patrons are exposed to the sun as linens are when they are bleached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blender", + "liquidizer", + "liquidiser" + ], + "it": [ + "frullatore", + "mixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrically powered mixer with whirling blades that mix or chop or liquefy foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blimp", + "sausage balloon", + "sausage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small nonrigid airship used for observation or as a barrage balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind", + "screen" + ], + "it": [ + "cortina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that keeps things out or hinders sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind" + ], + "it": [ + "botte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hiding place sometimes used by hunters (especially duck hunters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind alley", + "cul de sac", + "dead-end street", + "impasse" + ], + "it": [ + "angiporto", + "cul de sac", + "culdisacco", + "vicolo cieco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street with only one way in or out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind corner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street corner that you cannot see around as you are driving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind curve", + "blind bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curve or bend in the road that you cannot see around as you are driving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindfold" + ], + "it": [ + "benda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth used to cover the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bling", + "bling bling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flashy, ostentatious jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blinker", + "flasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light that flashes on and off; used as a signal or to send messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister pack", + "bubble pack" + ], + "it": [ + "blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "packaging in which a product is sealed between a cardboard backing and clear plastic cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "caseggiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing in a large building that is divided into separate units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockade" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevents access or progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockade-runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that runs through or around a naval blockade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockage", + "block", + "closure", + "occlusion", + "stop", + "stoppage" + ], + "it": [ + "accecamento", + "ingorgo", + "intasamento", + "ostruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstruction in a pipe or tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block and tackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pulley blocks with associated rope or cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockbuster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bomb used to demolish extensive areas (as a city block)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block diagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagram showing the interconnections between the components of system (especially an electronic system)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blocker", + "blocking agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of drugs that inhibit (block) some biological process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "fortino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stronghold that is reinforced for protection from enemy fire; with apertures for defensive fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plane used on end grains of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodmobile" + ], + "it": [ + "autoemoteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor vehicle equipped to collect blood donations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloomers", + "pants", + "drawers", + "knickers" + ], + "it": [ + "pantaloni", + "calzone", + "mutande", + "mutandine", + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underpants worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blouse" + ], + "it": [ + "blusa", + "camicetta", + "camicia", + "casacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a top worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blower" + ], + "it": [ + "mantice", + "soffietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that produces a current of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowgun", + "blowpipe", + "blowtube", + "blow tube" + ], + "it": [ + "cerbottana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube through which darts can be shot by blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowtorch", + "torch", + "blowlamp" + ], + "it": [ + "cannello", + "cannello per saldare / sverniciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burner that mixes air and gas to produce a very hot flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowtube", + "blow tube", + "blowpipe" + ], + "it": [ + "cannello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube that directs air or gas into a flame to concentrate heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high shoe with laces over the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bludgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "clava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue poker chip with the highest value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueprint" + ], + "it": [ + "cianografia", + "cianografica", + "copia cianografica", + "cianotipia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic print of plans or technical drawings etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunderbuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short musket of wide bore with a flared muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunt file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file with parallel edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat piece of material designed for a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board", + "gameboard" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat portable surface (usually rectangular) designed for board games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarding" + ], + "it": [ + "assito", + "perlinatura", + "tavolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure of boards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarding house", + "boardinghouse" + ], + "it": [ + "pensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private house that provides accommodations and meals for paying guests" + ], + "it": [ + "un tipo di albergo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boardroom", + "council chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where a committee meets (such as the board of directors of a company)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure used in computing board feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boarding that surrounds an ice hockey rink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stage of a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boardwalk" + ], + "it": [ + "passerella", + "passeggiata a mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walkway made of wooden boards; usually at seaside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat" + ], + "it": [ + "barca", + "battello", + "natante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small vessel for travel on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper deck on which lifeboats are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boater", + "leghorn", + "Panama", + "Panama hat", + "sailor", + "skimmer", + "straw hat" + ], + "it": [ + "canottiera", + "paglietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff hat made of straw with a flat crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pole-handled hook used to pull or push boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boathouse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rimessa per barche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shed at the edge of a river or lake; used to store boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatswain's chair", + "bosun's chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat consisting of a board and a rope; used while working aloft or over the side of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train taking passengers to or from a port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whistle on a boat that is sounded as a warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where boats are built or maintained or stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob", + "bobber", + "cork", + "bobfloat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small float usually made of cork; attached to a fishing line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hanging weight, especially a metal ball on a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobbin", + "spool", + "reel" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina", + "rocchetto", + "spagnoletta", + "spola", + "spoletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winder around which thread or tape or film or other flexible materials can be wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobby pin", + "hairgrip", + "grip" + ], + "it": [ + "forcina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat wire hairpin whose prongs press tightly together; used to hold bobbed hair in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobsled", + "bobsleigh", + "bob" + ], + "it": [ + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long racing sled (for 2 or more people) with a steering mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobsled", + "bobsleigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly two short sleds coupled together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bocce ball", + "bocci ball", + "boccie ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wooden ball that is bowled in the Italian game of bocce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small Hispanic shop selling wine and groceries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodice" + ], + "it": [ + "busto", + "camicino", + "corpetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a dress above the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodkin", + "threader" + ], + "it": [ + "infilacapi", + "infilacappi", + "infilaguaine", + "infilanastri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunt needle for threading ribbon through loops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodkin" + ], + "it": [ + "punteruolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sharp-pointed tool for punching holes in leather or fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a long hairpin; usually with an ornamental head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozzeria", + "châssis", + "scocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the external structure of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body armor", + "body armour", + "suit of armor", + "suit of armour", + "coat of mail", + "cataphract" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor that protects the wearer's whole body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body bag", + "personnel pouch", + "human remains pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag in which the body of a dead soldier is placed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body lotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lotion applied to the body after bathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body stocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-piece tight-fitting undergarment for women that covers the torso (and may have sleeves and legs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body plethysmograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plethysmograph consisting of a chamber surrounding the entire body; used in studies of respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad worn by hockey goalkeeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodywork" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exterior body of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bofors gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automatic double-barreled antiaircraft gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bogy", + "bogie", + "bogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unidentified (and possibly enemy) aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiler", + "steam boiler" + ], + "it": [ + "caldaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sealed vessel where water is converted to steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boilerplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick plate iron used in the production of boilers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiling water reactor", + "BWR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor that uses water as a coolant and moderator; the water boils in the reactor core and the steam produced can drive a steam turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope with weights attached to the ends; is thrown to entangle the legs of an animal; of South American origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolero" + ], + "it": [ + "bolero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short jacket; worn mostly by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bollard", + "bitt" + ], + "it": [ + "bitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong post (as on a wharf or quay or ship for attaching mooring lines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bollock", + "bullock block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pulley-block at the head of a topmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolo", + "bolo knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long heavy knife with a single edge; of Philippine origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bologram", + "bolograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record or recording made by a bolometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolometer" + ], + "it": [ + "bolometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that measures heat radiation; extremely sensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolo tie", + "bolo", + "bola tie", + "bola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord fastened around the neck with an ornamental clasp and worn as a necktie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolster", + "long pillow" + ], + "it": [ + "capezzale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pillow that is often put across a bed underneath the regular pillows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ], + "it": [ + "bullone", + "chiavarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw that screws into a nut to form a fastener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt", + "deadbolt" + ], + "it": [ + "catenaccio", + "catorcio", + "chiavistello", + "paletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a lock that is engaged or withdrawn with a key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ], + "it": [ + "otturatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sliding bar in a breech-loading firearm that ejects an empty cartridge and replaces it and closes the breech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of cloth or wallpaper of a definite length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for cutting bolts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolus" + ], + "it": [ + "bolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pill; used especially in veterinary medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive device fused to explode under specific conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombardon", + "bombard" + ], + "it": [ + "bombarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large shawm; the bass member of the shawm family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twilled fabric used for dresses; the warp is silk and the weft is worsted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb calorimeter", + "bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong sealed vessel for measuring heat of combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomber" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military aircraft that drops bombs during flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomber jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jacket gathered into a band at the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexploded bomblet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomblet", + "cluster bomblet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the smaller bombs that are released from a cluster bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device on an aircraft for carrying bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive bomb or artillery shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb shelter", + "air-raid shelter", + "bombproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber (often underground) reinforced against bombing and provided with food and living facilities; used during air raids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombsight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sighting device in an aircraft for aiming bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone-ash cup", + "cupel", + "refractory pot" + ], + "it": [ + "coppella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small porous bowl made of bone ash used in assaying to separate precious metals from e.g. lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone china" + ], + "it": [ + "porcellana fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine porcelain that contains bone ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bones", + "castanets", + "clappers", + "finger cymbals" + ], + "it": [ + "nacchere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boneshaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wheeled vehicle that is dilapidated and uncomfortable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bongo", + "bongo drum" + ], + "it": [ + "bongo", + "bongos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small drum; played with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonnet", + "poke bonnet" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat tied under the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booby prize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prize given to one who finishes last in a contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book", + "volume" + ], + "it": [ + "libro", + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together" + ], + "it": [ + "un libro come oggetto fisico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "blocchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of sheets (ticket or stamps etc.) bound together on one edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag in which students carry their books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookbindery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bookbinder's workshop; a place for binding books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookcase" + ], + "it": [ + "libreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture with shelves for storing books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support placed at the end of a row of books to keep them upright (on a shelf or table)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookmark", + "bookmarker" + ], + "it": [ + "segnacarte", + "segnalibro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marker (a piece of paper or ribbon) placed between the pages of a book to mark the reader's place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookmobile" + ], + "it": [ + "autolibro", + "biblioteca ambulante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a van with shelves of books; serves as a mobile library or bookstore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookshelf" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelf on which to keep books" + ], + "it": [ + "mensola per libri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookshop", + "bookstore", + "bookstall" + ], + "it": [ + "libraio", + "libreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where books are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom" + ], + "it": [ + "boma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various more-or-less horizontal spars or poles used to extend the foot of a sail or for handling cargo or in mooring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "microphone boom" + ], + "it": [ + "giraffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pole carrying an overhead microphone projected over a film or tv set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boomerang", + "throwing stick", + "throw stick" + ], + "it": [ + "boomerang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved piece of wood; when properly thrown will return to thrower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booster", + "booster dose", + "booster shot", + "recall dose" + ], + "it": [ + "richiamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional dose that makes sure the first dose was effective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booster", + "booster rocket", + "booster unit", + "takeoff booster", + "takeoff rocket" + ], + "it": [ + "razzo vettore", + "surpressore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first stage of a multistage rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booster", + "booster amplifier", + "booster station", + "relay link", + "relay station", + "relay transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amplifier for restoring the strength of a transmitted signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot" + ], + "it": [ + "scarpone", + "stivale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "footwear that covers the whole foot and lower leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British term for the luggage compartment in a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot", + "the boot", + "iron boot", + "iron heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of torture that is used to heat or crush the foot and leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective casing for something that resembles a leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "camp for training military recruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootee", + "bootie" + ], + "it": [ + "babbuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slipper that is soft and wool (for babies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booth", + "cubicle", + "stall", + "kiosk" + ], + "it": [ + "baracchino", + "cabina", + "casotto", + "chiosco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small area set off by walls for special use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shop at a fair; for selling goods or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table (in a restaurant or bar) surrounded by two high-backed benches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boothose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective stockings worn with or in place of boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootjack" + ], + "it": [ + "cavastivali", + "tirastivali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "has V-shaped notch for pulling off boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootlace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long lace for fastening boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootleg" + ], + "it": [ + "gambale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a boot above the instep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootstrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strap that is looped and sewn to the top of a boot for pulling it on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bordeaux mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antifungal agent consisting of a solution of copper sulphate and quicklime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border" + ], + "it": [ + "bordatura", + "bordo", + "bordura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip forming the outer edge of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore", + "bore-hole", + "drill hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole or passage made by a drill; usually made for exploratory purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore bit", + "borer", + "rock drill", + "stone drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill for penetrating rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boron chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ionization chamber lined with boron or filled with boron trifluoride gas for counting low velocity neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boron counter tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proportional counter tube for counting neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borstal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a British reform school for youths considered too young to send to prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth that covers the chest or breasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosporus Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Bosporus at Istanbul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocking chair that has a high spindle back and a decorative top panel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wine bottle made of leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botanical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug made from part of a plant (as the bark or root or leaves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "bottiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass or plastic vessel used for storing drinks or other liquids; typically cylindrical without handles and with a narrow neck that can be plugged or capped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle", + "feeding bottle", + "nursing bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "biberon", + "poppatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel fitted with a flexible teat and filled with milk or formula; used as a substitute for breast feeding infants and very young children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where bottles can be deposited for recycling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottlebrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical brush on a thin shaft that is used to clean bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i50999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottlecap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap that seals a bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottleneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the narrow part of a bottle near the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle opener" + ], + "it": [ + "apribottiglie", + "levacapsule", + "sturabottiglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opener for removing caps or corks from bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottling plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant where beverages are put into bottles with caps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom", + "freighter", + "merchantman", + "merchant ship" + ], + "it": [ + "cargo", + "mercantile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cargo ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boucle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric of uneven yarn that has an uneven knobby effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boudoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lady's bedroom or private sitting room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boulle", + "boule", + "buhl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlaid furniture decoration; tortoiseshell and yellow and white metal form scrolls in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouncing betty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antipersonnel land mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bounty", + "H.M.S. Bounty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship of the British navy; in 1789 part of the crew mutinied against their commander William Bligh and set him afloat in an open boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouquet", + "corsage", + "posy", + "nosegay" + ], + "it": [ + "bouquet", + "piccolo bouquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bourse" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa di Parigi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stock exchange in Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boutique", + "dress shop" + ], + "it": [ + "boutique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that sells women's clothes and jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boutonniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flower that is worn in a buttonhole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ], + "it": [ + "archetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slightly curved piece of resilient wood with taut horsehair strands; used in playing certain stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ], + "it": [ + "arco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon for shooting arrows, composed of a curved piece of resilient wood with a taut cord to propel the arrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "fore", + "prow", + "stem" + ], + "it": [ + "prora", + "prua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "front part of a vessel or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "bowknot" + ], + "it": [ + "fiocco", + "flocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ], + "it": [ + "fiocco", + "flocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative interlacing of ribbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow and arrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon consisting of arrows and the bow to shoot them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowed stringed instrument", + "string" + ], + "it": [ + "archi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stringed instruments that are played with a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowie knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout hunting knife with a single edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "ciotola", + "coppa", + "scodella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish that is round and open at the top for serving foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round vessel that is open at the top; used chiefly for holding food or liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl", + "pipe bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "fornello della pipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round container that is open at the top for holding tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "boccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden ball (with flattened sides so that it rolls on a curved course) used in the game of lawn bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowler hat", + "bowler", + "derby hat", + "derby", + "plug hat" + ], + "it": [ + "bombetta", + "tubino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowline", + "bowline knot" + ], + "it": [ + "gassa d'amante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loop knot that neither slips nor jams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling alley", + "alley", + "skittle alley" + ], + "it": [ + "corsia", + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lane down which a bowling ball is rolled toward pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling alley" + ], + "it": [ + "bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that contains several alleys for bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling ball", + "bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ball with finger holes used in the sport of bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used in bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling pin", + "pin" + ], + "it": [ + "birillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club-shaped wooden object used in bowling; set up in triangular groups of ten as the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special shoe worn when bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowsprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spar projecting from the bow of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowstring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the string of an archer's bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow tie", + "bow-tie", + "bowtie" + ], + "it": [ + "cravatta a farfalla", + "cravattino", + "farfalla", + "farfallino", + "fiocchetto", + "gala", + "papillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's tie that ties in a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ], + "it": [ + "astuccio", + "cassa", + "cassetta", + "scatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate partitioned area in a public place for a few people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box", + "loge" + ], + "it": [ + "palco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "private area in a theater or grandstand where a small group can watch the performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box", + "box seat" + ], + "it": [ + "cassetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driver's seat on a coach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of several designated areas on a ball field where the batter or catcher or coaches are positioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box beam", + "box girder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam built up from boards; has a hollow rectangular cross section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box camera", + "box Kodak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple camera shaped like a rectangular box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxcar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freight car with roof and sliding doors in the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short coat that hangs loosely from the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxing equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used in boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxing glove", + "glove" + ], + "it": [ + "guantone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxing equipment consisting of big and padded coverings for the fists of the fighters; worn for the sport of boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxing ring", + "prize ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square ring where boxers fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kite shaped like a box open at both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box office", + "ticket office", + "ticket booth" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietteria", + "botteghino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office where tickets of admission are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box pleat" + ], + "it": [ + "cannoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat double pleat made by folding under the fabric on either side of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special seat in a theater or grandstand box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coiled bedspring in a frame that is covered with cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box wrench", + "box end wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with a closed loop (a socket) that fits over a nut or bolt head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "bracing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structural member used to stiffen a framework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "bitstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter's tool having a crank handle for turning and a socket to hold a bit for boring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "braces", + "orthodontic braces" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio", + "apparecchio per i denti", + "apparecchio ortodontico", + "macchinetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appliance that corrects dental irregularities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support that steadies or strengthens something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "suspender", + "gallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elastic straps that hold trousers up (usually used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope on a square-rigged ship that is used to swing a yard about and secure it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace and bit" + ], + "it": [ + "trapano a manubrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill consisting of a bit and a brace to hold and turn it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracelet", + "bangle" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciale", + "braccialetto", + "cerchietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jewelry worn around the wrist for decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracer", + "pick-me-up" + ], + "it": [ + "cicchetto", + "corroborante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tonic or restorative (especially a drink of liquor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracer", + "armguard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering for the wrist or arm that is used in archery and fencing and other sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench shaped like a brace (has a handle shaped like a crank) and a socket head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket", + "wall bracket" + ], + "it": [ + "mensola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support projecting from a wall (as to hold a shelf)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small nail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bradawl", + "pricker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awl for making small holes for brads or small screws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braid", + "gold braid", + "braiding" + ], + "it": [ + "cordoncino", + "filetto", + "gallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trimming used to decorate clothes or curtains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rope (one of several) used to draw a sail in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small net used to draw fish into a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ], + "it": [ + "freno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint used to slow or stop a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that slows or hinders a process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band that can be tightened around a shaft to stop its rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake cylinder", + "hydraulic brake cylinder", + "master cylinder" + ], + "it": [ + "pompa idraulica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylinder that contains brake fluid that is compressed by a piston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disk or plate that is fixed to the wheel; pressure is applied to it by the brake pads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake drum", + "drum" + ], + "it": [ + "tamburo", + "tamburo del freno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow cast-iron cylinder attached to the wheel that forms part of the brakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake lining" + ], + "it": [ + "ferodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lining on the brake shoes that comes in contact with the brake drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the pads that apply friction to both sides of the brake disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake pedal" + ], + "it": [ + "pedale del freno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foot pedal that moves a piston in the master brake cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake shoe", + "shoe", + "skid" + ], + "it": [ + "ceppo", + "ganascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint provided when the brake linings are moved hydraulically against the brake drum to retard the wheel's rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake system", + "brakes" + ], + "it": [ + "frenaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a braking device consisting of a combination of interacting parts that work to slow a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch line", + "spur track", + "spur" + ], + "it": [ + "linea secondaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway line connected to a trunk line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand-name drug", + "proprietary drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that has a trade name and is protected by a patent (can be produced and sold only by the company holding the patent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass", + "brass instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind instrument that consists of a brass tube (usually of variable length) that is blown by means of a cup-shaped or funnel-shaped mouthpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass", + "memorial tablet", + "plaque" + ], + "it": [ + "targa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a memorial made of brass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament or utensil made of brass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brassard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brasserie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small restaurant serving beer and wine as well as food; usually cheap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brassie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a golfing wood with a face more elevated that a driver but less than a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brassiere", + "bra", + "bandeau" + ], + "it": [ + "reggiseno", + "reggipetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undergarment worn by women to support their breasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass knucks", + "knucks", + "brass knuckles", + "knuckles", + "knuckle duster" + ], + "it": [ + "tirapugni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small metal weapon; worn over the knuckles on the back of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass monkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal stand that formerly held cannon balls on sailing ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brattice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partition (often temporary) of planks or cloth that is used to control ventilation in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazier", + "brasier" + ], + "it": [ + "braciere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large metal container in which coal or charcoal is burned; warms people who must stay outside for long times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadbasket" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cestino per il pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket for serving bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread-bin", + "breadbox" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cassetta portapane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container used to keep bread or cake in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadboard", + "bread board" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden or plastic board on which dough is kneaded or bread is sliced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife used to cut bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article that is fragile and easily broken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast area", + "breakfast nook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for light meals (usually near a kitchen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table where breakfast is eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seal that must be broken when first used and cannot easily be resealed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakwater", + "groin", + "groyne", + "mole", + "bulwark", + "seawall", + "jetty" + ], + "it": [ + "antemurale", + "diga frangiflutti", + "frangiflutti", + "frangimare", + "frangionde", + "gettata", + "scogliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective structure of stone or concrete; extends from shore into the water to prevent a beach from washing away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable drill with a plate that is pressed against the chest to force the drill point into the work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast implant" + ], + "it": [ + "seno artificiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implant for cosmetic purposes to replace a breast that has been surgically removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breastplate", + "aegis", + "egis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the chest; the front part of a cuirass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast pocket" + ], + "it": [ + "taschino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket inside of a man's coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathalyzer", + "breathalyser" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolimetro", + "alcoltest", + "alcoolimetro", + "alcooltest", + "etilometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that measures chemicals (especially the alcohol content) in a person's expired breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathing device", + "breathing apparatus", + "breathing machine", + "ventilator" + ], + "it": [ + "autorespiratore", + "respiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that facilitates breathing in cases of respiratory failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breech", + "rear of barrel", + "rear of tube" + ], + "it": [ + "culatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opening in the rear of the barrel of a gun where bullets can be loaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breechblock", + "breech closer" + ], + "it": [ + "otturatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal block in breech-loading firearms that is withdrawn to insert a cartridge and replaced to close the breech before firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breechcloth", + "breechclout", + "loincloth" + ], + "it": [ + "perizoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment that provides covering for the loins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeches", + "knee breeches", + "knee pants", + "knickerbockers", + "knickers" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "calzoni alla zuava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers ending above the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeches buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life buoy in the form of a ring with short breeches for support; used to transfer people from a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breechloader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun that is loaded at the breech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeder reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor that produces more fissile material than it burns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bren", + "Bren gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submachine gun operated by gas pressure; used by the British in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewery" + ], + "it": [ + "birreria", + "fabbrica di birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant where beer is brewed by fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewpub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination brewery and restaurant; beer is brewed for consumption on the premises and served along with food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briar", + "briar pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "pipa in radica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe made from the root (briarroot) of the tree heath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bric-a-brac", + "knickknack", + "nicknack", + "knickknackery", + "whatnot" + ], + "it": [ + "bagatella", + "bazzecola", + "bric-a-brac", + "bric-ý-brac", + "carabattola", + "cianfrusaglia", + "cianfruscaglia", + "robetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miscellaneous curios" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick" + ], + "it": [ + "mattone", + "mattonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brickkiln" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiln for making bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bricklayer's hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hammer used in laying bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick trowel", + "mason's trowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trowel used in masonry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brickwork" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "muratura in mattoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masonry done with bricks and mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brickyard", + "brickfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where bricks are made and sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridal gown", + "wedding gown", + "wedding dress" + ], + "it": [ + "abito da sposa", + "vestito da sposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gown worn by the bride at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "span" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "bridge deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upper deck where a ship is steered and the captain stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "nosepiece" + ], + "it": [ + "ponticello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the link between two lenses; rests on the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "bridgework" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a denture anchored to teeth on either side of missing teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden support that holds the strings up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "bridge circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit consisting of two branches (4 arms arranged in a diamond configuration) across which a meter is connected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridged-T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit consisting of a T-network with an additional shunt bridging the two series circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle" + ], + "it": [ + "briglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headgear for a horse; includes a headstall and bit and reins to give the rider or driver control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle path", + "bridle road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path suitable for riding or leading horses (but not for cars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit resembling a snaffle bit; used with a separate curb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefcase" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa", + "cartella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case with a handle; for carrying papers or files or books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefcase bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb consisting of an explosive and timer hidden inside a briefcase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefcase computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable computer housed in a box that resembles a briefcase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefs", + "Jockey shorts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short tight-fitting underpants (trade name Jockey shorts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal institution (especially on board a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brig" + ], + "it": [ + "brigantino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-masted sailing vessel square-rigged on both masts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brigandine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval coat of chain mail consisting of metal rings sewn onto leather or cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brigantine", + "hermaphrodite brig" + ], + "it": [ + "brigantino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-masted sailing vessel square-rigged on the foremast and fore-and-aft rigged on the mainmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brilliantine" + ], + "it": [ + "brillantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pomade to make the hair manageable and lustrous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brilliant pebble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code name for a small computerized heat-seeking missile that was supposed to intercept and destroy enemy missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brim" + ], + "it": [ + "falda", + "tesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular projection that sticks outward from the crown of a hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brim", + "rim", + "lip" + ], + "it": [ + "bordo", + "ciglio", + "labbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top edge of a vessel or other container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briquette", + "briquet" + ], + "it": [ + "formella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block made from charcoal or coal dust and burned as fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle" + ], + "it": [ + "setola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff fiber (coarse hair or filament); natural or synthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush that is made with the short stiff hairs of an animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "britches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for breeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad arrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrow with a wide barbed head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadax", + "broadaxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ax with a broad cutting blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brochette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small spit or skewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcaster", + "spreader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for scattering something (seed or fertilizer or sand etc.) in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcasting station", + "broadcast station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station equipped to broadcast radio or television programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcasting studio" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmittente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a studio where broadcasts originate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closely woven silk or synthetic fabric with a narrow crosswise rib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a densely textured woolen fabric with a lustrous finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad track (or its width) broader than the standard 56.5 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad hatchet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-handled hatchet with a broad blade opposite a hammerhead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpet woven on a wide loom to obviate the need for seams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadside" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whole side of a vessel from stem to stern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadside" + ], + "it": [ + "fiancata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the armament that is fired from one side of a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadsword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sword with a broad blade and (usually) two cutting edges; used to cut rather than stab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brocade" + ], + "it": [ + "broccato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick heavy expensive material with a raised pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brogan", + "brogue", + "clodhopper", + "work shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick and heavy shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broiler" + ], + "it": [ + "bistecchiera", + "griglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oven or part of a stove used for broiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broken arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch with a gap at the apex; the gap is usually filled with some decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brokerage house", + "brokerage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place where a broker conducts his business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brompheniramine maleate", + "Dimetane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine (trade name Dimetane) used to treat hypersensitivity reactions (as rhinitis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchodilator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that relaxes and dilates the bronchial passageways and improves the passages of air into the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender tubular instrument used to examine the bronchial tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronx-Whitestone Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the East River in New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronze" + ], + "it": [ + "bronzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture made of bronze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronze medal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trophy made of bronze (or having the appearance of bronze) that is usually awarded for winning third place in a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooch", + "broach", + "breastpin" + ], + "it": [ + "spilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative pin worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brooklyn Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the East River in New York City; opened in 1883" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom" + ], + "it": [ + "granata", + "scopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleaning implement for sweeping; bundle of straws or twigs attached to a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small room for storing brooms and other cleaning equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broomstick", + "broom handle" + ], + "it": [ + "manico di scopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brougham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedan that has no roof over the driver's seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brougham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light carriage; pulled by a single horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browning automatic rifle", + "BAR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable .30 caliber automatic rifle operated by gas pressure and fed by cartridges from a magazine; used by United States troops in World War I and in World War II and in the Korean War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browning machine gun", + "Peacemaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt-fed machine gun capable of firing more than 500 rounds per minute; used by United States troops in World War II and the Korean War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brownstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a row house built of brownstone; reddish brown in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brown University", + "Brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Rhode Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brunch coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's short housecoat or wrapper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzola", + "pennello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement that has hairs or bristles firmly set into a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conducts current between rotating and stationary parts of a generator or motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brussels carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpet with a strong linen warp and a heavy pile of colored woolen yarns drawn up in uncut loops to form a pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brussels lace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine lace with a raised or applique design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dome-shaped covering made of transparent glass or plastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that records the tracks of ionizing particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble jet printer", + "bubble-jet printer", + "bubblejet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of ink-jet printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various devices in which air or some other gas is bubbled through a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buchenwald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nazi concentration camp for Jews in World War II that was located in central Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open horse-drawn carriage with four wheels; has a seat attached to a flexible board between the two axles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket", + "pail" + ], + "it": [ + "bugliolo", + "secchia", + "secchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket seat" + ], + "it": [ + "sedile anatomico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low single seat as in cars or planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a cheap saloon selling liquor by the bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckle" + ], + "it": [ + "abbottonatura", + "affibbiatura", + "fermaglio", + "fibbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener that fastens together two ends of a belt or strap; often has loose prong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckram" + ], + "it": [ + "tela rigida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse cotton fabric stiffened with glue; used in bookbinding and to stiffen clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucksaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saw that is set in a frame in the shape of an H; used with both hands to cut wood that is held in a sawbuck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckskins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breeches made of buckskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buff", + "buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement consisting of soft material mounted on a block; used for polishing (as in manicuring)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer", + "fender" + ], + "it": [ + "guardalato", + "paglietto", + "parabordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion-like device that reduces shock due to an impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer", + "polisher" + ], + "it": [ + "levigatrice", + "pulitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool used to buff surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer", + "buffer storage", + "buffer store" + ], + "it": [ + "buffer", + "memoria tampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a part of RAM used for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device; used to compensate for differences in the rate of flow of data between components of a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffered aspirin", + "Bufferin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspirin coated with a substance capable of neutralizing acid (trade name Bufferin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffet", + "counter", + "sideboard" + ], + "it": [ + "buffet", + "credenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture that stands at the side of a dining room; has shelves and drawers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffing wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that is covered with soft material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bug" + ], + "it": [ + "cimice", + "microspia", + "radiospia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hidden microphone; for listening secretly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buggy", + "roadster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lightweight carriage; drawn by a single horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buggy whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horsewhip once used by a driver of a buggy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass instrument without valves; used for military calls and fanfares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular glass or plastic bead sewn onto clothing for decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building", + "edifice" + ], + "it": [ + "palazzo", + "edificio", + "costruzione", + "fabbricato", + "stabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of material used in construction work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building complex", + "complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whole structure (as a building) made up of interconnected or related structures" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di edifici o costruzioni destinati a un'unica funzione e progettati unitariamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building supply store", + "building supply house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store where builders can purchase materials for building houses and related structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "built-in bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed that is built in and fixed to a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded part of a cylindrical instrument (usually at one end)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulkhead" + ], + "it": [ + "paratia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partition that divides a ship or plane into compartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the round leaden seal affixed to a papal bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog clip", + "alligator clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clip with a spring that closes the metal jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench designed to provide a firm grip on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldozer", + "dozer" + ], + "it": [ + "apripista", + "bulldozer", + "livellatrice", + "ruspa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large powerful tractor; a large blade in front flattens areas of ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullet", + "slug" + ], + "it": [ + "pallottola", + "palla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projectile that is fired from a gun" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettile per armi da fuoco portatili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletin board", + "notice board" + ], + "it": [ + "albo", + "bacheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that hangs on a wall; displays announcements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletin board system", + "bulletin board", + "electronic bulletin board", + "bbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer that is running software that allows users to leave messages and access information of general interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletproof vest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vest capable of resisting the impact of a bullet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullet train", + "bullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-speed passenger train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullfight", + "corrida" + ], + "it": [ + "corrida", + "tauromachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish or Portuguese or Latin American spectacle; a matador baits and (usually) kills a bull in an arena before many spectators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullhorn", + "loud hailer", + "loud-hailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable loudspeaker with built-in microphone and amplifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gold or silver in bars or ingots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullnose", + "bullnosed plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small carpenter's plane with the cutting edge near the front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullpen", + "detention cell", + "detention centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cell where prisoners (people awaiting trial or sentence or refugees or illegal immigrants) are confined together temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullpen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place on a baseball field where relief pitchers can warm up during a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullring" + ], + "it": [ + "arena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stadium where bullfights take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy plow with a single wide blade; used chiefly in cotton fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulwark" + ], + "it": [ + "murata", + "parapetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fencelike structure around a deck (usually plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small boat that ferries supplies and commodities for sale to a larger ship at anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumper" + ], + "it": [ + "paraurti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device consisting of bars at either end of a vehicle to absorb shock and prevent serious damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass filled to the brim (especially as a toast)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumper car", + "Dodgem" + ], + "it": [ + "autoscontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small low-powered electrically powered vehicle driven on a special platform where there are many others to be dodged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumper guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vertical bars attached to a bumper to prevent locking bumpers with another vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumper jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jack for lifting a motor vehicle by the bumper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundle", + "sheaf" + ], + "it": [ + "fascio", + "fastello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a package of several things tied together for carrying or storing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bung", + "spile" + ], + "it": [ + "zaffo", + "zipolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plug used to close a hole in a barrel or flask" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bungalow", + "cottage" + ], + "it": [ + "bungalow", + "casetta", + "palazzina", + "villetta", + "villino", + "cottage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small house with a single story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bungee", + "bungee cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elasticized rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunghole" + ], + "it": [ + "spina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in a barrel or cask; used to fill or empty it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rough bed (as at a campsite)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk", + "feed bunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long trough for feeding cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk bed", + "bunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beds built one above the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker", + "sand trap", + "trap" + ], + "it": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hazard on a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker", + "dugout" + ], + "it": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortification of earth; mostly or entirely below ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large container for storing fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunker Buster", + "Guided Bomb Unit-28", + "GBU-28" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 5,000 pound laser-guided bomb that can be programmed to penetrate to a given depth before exploding; used to penetrate hardened underground facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunsen burner", + "bunsen", + "etna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas burner used in laboratories; has an air valve to regulate the mixture of gas and air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosely woven fabric used for flags, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur", + "burr" + ], + "it": [ + "fresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bit used in dentistry or surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight belted raincoat typically made of tan gabardine with a distinctive tartan lining; named for the original manufacturer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burette", + "buret" + ], + "it": [ + "buretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube with a tap at the bottom; used for titration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burglar alarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning device that is tripped off by the occurrence of a burglary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burial chamber", + "sepulcher", + "sepulchre", + "sepulture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber that is used as a grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burial garment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth used to cover a corpse in preparation for burial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burial mound", + "grave mound", + "barrow", + "tumulus" + ], + "it": [ + "tumolo", + "tumulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) a heap of earth placed over prehistoric tombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burin" + ], + "it": [ + "bulinista", + "bulino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chisel of tempered steel with a sharp point; used for engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burqa", + "burka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose garment (usually with veiled holes for the eyes) worn by Muslim women especially in India and Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burlap", + "gunny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse jute fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag into which secret documents are placed before being burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center where patients with severe burns can be treated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burner" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "beccuccio", + "bruciatore", + "fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for burning fuel (or refuse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heating elements of a stove or range on which pots and pans are placed for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burnous", + "burnoose", + "burnouse" + ], + "it": [ + "burnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long hooded cloak woven of wool in one piece; worn by Arabs and Moors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burp gun", + "machine pistol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fully automatic pistol; a small submachine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burr" + ], + "it": [ + "bava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough projection left on a workpiece after drilling or cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotary file for smoothing rough edges left on a workpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burthen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variant of `burden'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus", + "autobus", + "coach", + "charabanc", + "double-decker", + "jitney", + "motorbus", + "motorcoach", + "omnibus", + "passenger vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "autobus", + "autocorriera", + "autopullman", + "autopulman", + "corriera", + "pullman", + "torpedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle carrying many passengers; used for public transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus", + "jalopy", + "heap" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnarola", + "caffettiera", + "carretta", + "catenaccio", + "catorcio", + "macinino", + "trabiccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that is old and unreliable" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo usurato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busbar", + "bus" + ], + "it": [ + "canale", + "sbarra collettrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical conductor that makes a common connection between several circuits" + ], + "it": [ + "collegamento elettronico tra elaboratori o tra due o più parti di un sistema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushel basket" + ], + "it": [ + "staio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket large enough to hold a bushel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushing", + "cylindrical lining" + ], + "it": [ + "bronzina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical metal lining used to reduce friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insulating liner in an opening through which conductors pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "sahariana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose fitting jacket; resembles a shirt with four patch pockets and a belt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business suit" + ], + "it": [ + "completo da uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit of clothes traditionally worn by businessmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buskin", + "combat boot", + "desert boot", + "half boot", + "top boot" + ], + "it": [ + "coturno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boot reaching halfway up to the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traffic lane intended for buses only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization responsible for operating a bus transportation system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buspirone", + "BuSpar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name BuSpar) designed specifically for anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bust" + ], + "it": [ + "busto", + "mezzo busto", + "mezzobusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus terminal", + "bus depot", + "bus station", + "coach station" + ], + "it": [ + "autostazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terminal that serves bus passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bustier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close-fitting and strapless top without sleeves that is worn by women either as lingerie or for evening dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework worn at the back below the waist for giving fullness to a woman's skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butacaine", + "butacaine sulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline ester that is applied to mucous membranes as a local anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher board", + "butcher block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick wooden slab formed by bonding together thick laminated strips of unpainted hardwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sharp knife for cutting or trimming meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher shop", + "meat market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop in which meat and poultry (and sometimes fish) are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt", + "butt end" + ], + "it": [ + "calcio", + "estremità più grossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick end of the handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt", + "stub" + ], + "it": [ + "cicca", + "mozzicone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small unused part of something (especially the end of a cigarette that is left after smoking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cask (especially one holding a volume equivalent to 2 hogsheads or 126 gallons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter dish" + ], + "it": [ + "burriera", + "portaburro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dish (often with a cover) for holding butter at the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly valve" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola a farfalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve in a carburetor that consists of a disc that turns and acts as a throttle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter knife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltellino da burro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small knife with a dull blade; for cutting or spreading butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teashop where students in British universities can purchase light meals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt hinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinge mortised flush into the edge of the door and jamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt joint", + "butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint made by fastening ends together without overlapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ], + "it": [ + "bottone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact that resembles a button" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttonhole", + "button hole" + ], + "it": [ + "asola", + "bottoniera", + "occhiello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole through which buttons are pushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttonhole stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reinforcing looped stitch for edges, as around a buttonhole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttonhook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hook for pulling a button through a buttonhole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttress", + "buttressing" + ], + "it": [ + "contrafforte", + "sperone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support usually of stone or brick; supports the wall of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunt arrow without a barb; an arrow used for target practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt weld", + "butt-weld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butt joint that is welded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butyl nitrite", + "isobutyl nitrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless pungent liquid sometimes used as a stimulant drug by drug abusers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz bomb", + "robot bomb", + "flying bomb", + "doodlebug", + "V-1" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small jet-propelled winged missile that carries a bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signaling device that makes a buzzing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "BVD", + "BVD's" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trademark for men's underwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bypass condenser", + "bypass capacitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capacitor that provides low impedance over certain (high) frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-product", + "byproduct", + "spin-off" + ], + "it": [ + "derivato", + "sottoprodotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product made during the manufacture of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "byway", + "bypath", + "byroad" + ], + "it": [ + "strada secondaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a side road little traveled (as in the countryside)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cab", + "hack", + "taxi", + "taxicab" + ], + "it": [ + "autopubblica", + "tassì", + "taxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car driven by a person whose job is to take passengers where they want to go in exchange for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cab", + "cabriolet" + ], + "it": [ + "cabriolet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage; with two seats and a folding hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compartment at the front of a motor vehicle or locomotive where driver sits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabana" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina", + "casotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tent used as a dressing room beside the sea or a swimming pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabaret", + "nightclub", + "night club", + "club", + "nightspot" + ], + "it": [ + "locale notturno", + "night", + "night-club", + "night club", + "nightclub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot that is open late at night and that provides entertainment (as singers or dancers) as well as dancing and food and drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy wooden pole (such as the trunk of a young fir) that is tossed as a test of strength (in the Highlands of northern Scotland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enclosed compartment of an aircraft or spacecraft where passengers are carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small room on a ship or boat where people sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small house built of wood; usually in a wooded area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin car", + "caboose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car on a freight train for use of the train crew; usually the last car on the train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin class", + "second class", + "economy class" + ], + "it": [ + "seconda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of accommodations on a ship or train or plane that are less expensive than first class accommodations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin cruiser", + "cruiser", + "pleasure boat", + "pleasure craft" + ], + "it": [ + "cabinato", + "cruiser", + "battello da diporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large motorboat that has a cabin and plumbing and other conveniences necessary for living on board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture resembling a cupboard with doors and shelves and drawers; for storage or display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet", + "console" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing for electronic instruments, as radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet", + "locker", + "storage locker" + ], + "it": [ + "armadietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage compartment for clothes and valuables; usually it has a lock" + ], + "it": [ + "di solito con in lucchetto spec. in uno spogliatoio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinetwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodwork finished by hand by a cabinetmaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liner with cabins for passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very strong thick rope made of twisted hemp or steel wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable", + "cable television", + "cable system", + "cable television service" + ], + "it": [ + "televisione via cavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television system that transmits over cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable", + "line", + "transmission line" + ], + "it": [ + "cavo", + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conductor for transmitting electrical or optical signals or electric power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable car", + "car" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyance for passengers or freight on a cable railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable railway", + "funicular", + "funicular railway" + ], + "it": [ + "funicolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway up the side of a mountain pulled by a moving cable and having counterbalancing ascending and descending cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cache" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hidden storage space (for money or provisions or weapons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cache", + "memory cache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) RAM memory that is set aside as a specialized buffer storage that is continually updated; used to optimize data transfers between system elements with different characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seal on a letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caddy", + "tea caddy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a can for storing tea" + ], + "it": [ + "barattolo del tè" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caesium clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atomic clock based on the energy difference between two states of the caesium nucleus in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafe", + "coffeehouse", + "coffee shop", + "coffee bar" + ], + "it": [ + "bar", + "caffè", + "caffetteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small restaurant where drinks and snacks are sold" + ], + "it": [ + "locale dove si servono caffè e altre bevande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafeteria" + ], + "it": [ + "self-service", + "cafeteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant where you serve yourself and pay a cashier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafeteria facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) facilities for providing food for employees or visitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafeteria tray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray for carrying your food in a cafeteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal British term for a cafe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caftan", + "kaftan" + ], + "it": [ + "caffetano", + "caffettano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (cotton or silk) cloak with full sleeves and sash reaching down to the ankles; worn by men in the Levant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caftan", + "kaftan" + ], + "it": [ + "caffetano", + "caffettano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's dress style that imitates the caftan cloaks worn by men in the Near East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cage", + "coop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure made or wire or metal bars in which birds or animals can be kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the net that is the goal in ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cagoule" + ], + "it": [ + "K-way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightweight parka; waterproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caisson", + "pneumatic caisson", + "cofferdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large watertight chamber used for construction under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caisson", + "ammunition chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chest to hold ammunition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caisson" + ], + "it": [ + "cassone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-wheeled military vehicle carrying artillery ammunition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cake", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of solid substance (such as soap or wax)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calabash", + "calabash pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe for smoking; has a curved stem and a large bowl made from a calabash gourd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamine lotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lotion consisting of a liquid preparation containing calamine; used to treat itching or mild skin irritations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calash", + "caleche", + "calash top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the folding hood of a horse-drawn carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calash", + "caleche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's large folded hooped hood; worn in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe covering the ankle; worn by ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcimine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-base paint containing zinc oxide and glue and coloring; used as a wash for walls and ceilings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcium blocker", + "calcium-channel blocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a class of drugs that block the flow of the electrolyte calcium (either in nerve cell conduction or smooth muscle contraction of the heart); has been used in the treatment of angina or arrhythmia or hypertension or migraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculator", + "calculating machine" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small machine that is used for mathematical calculations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caldron", + "cauldron" + ], + "it": [ + "caldaia", + "caldaio", + "caldarone", + "calderone", + "marmitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large pot that is used for boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caledonian Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal in northern Scotland that links North Sea with the Atlantic Ocean; runs diagonally between Moray Firth at the northeastern end and Loch Linnhe at the southwestern end; now little used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calender" + ], + "it": [ + "calandra", + "cilindro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that smooths or glazes paper or cloth by pressing it between plates or passing it through rollers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calico" + ], + "it": [ + "calicò", + "cotonina stampata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse cloth with a bright print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliper", + "calliper" + ], + "it": [ + "calibro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring the distance between two points (often used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calk", + "calkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal cleat on the bottom front of a horseshoe to prevent slipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call-board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulletin board backstage in a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call center", + "call centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center equipped to handle a large volume of telephone calls (especially for taking orders or serving customers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller ID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small display that will show you the telephone number of the party calling you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calliope", + "steam organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument consisting of a series of steam whistles played from a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caloosahatchee Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal that connects Lake Okeechobee with the Caloosahatchee River in southern Florida to form part of the Cross-Florida Waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calorimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "calorimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that determines quantities of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calpac", + "calpack", + "kalpac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-crowned black cap (usually made of felt or sheepskin) worn by men in Turkey and Iran and the Caucasus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calumet", + "peace pipe", + "pipe of peace" + ], + "it": [ + "calumet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly decorated ceremonial pipe of Amerindians; smoked on ceremonial occasions (especially as a token of peace)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvary cross", + "cross of Calvary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin cross set on three steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cam" + ], + "it": [ + "bocciolo", + "camma", + "eccentrico", + "palmola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating disk shaped to convert circular into linear motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camail", + "aventail", + "ventail" + ], + "it": [ + "ventaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval hood of mail suspended from a basinet to protect the head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camber arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch with a straight horizontal extrados and a slightly arched intrados" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cambric" + ], + "it": [ + "batista", + "battista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finely woven white linen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambridge University", + "Cambridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camcorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable television camera and videocassette recorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camel's hair", + "camelhair" + ], + "it": [ + "cammello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft tan cloth made with the hair of a camel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cameo" + ], + "it": [ + "cammeo", + "cameo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engraving or carving in low relief on a stone (as in a brooch or ring)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera", + "photographic camera" + ], + "it": [ + "fotocamera", + "macchina fotografica", + "apparecchio fotografico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment for taking photographs (usually consisting of a lightproof box with a lens at one end and light-sensitive film at the other)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera lens", + "optical lens" + ], + "it": [ + "obiettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens that focuses the image in a camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera lucida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device consisting of an attachment that enables an observer to view simultaneously the image and a drawing surface for sketching it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera obscura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a darkened enclosure in which images of outside objects are projected through a small aperture or lens onto a facing surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera tripod" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto fotografico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tripod used to support a camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose shirt or tunic; originally worn in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camisole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short negligee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camisole", + "underbodice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short sleeveless undergarment for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric of Asian origin; originally made of silk and camel's hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment made of camlet fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camouflage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device or stratagem for concealment or deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camouflage", + "camo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric dyed with splotches of green and brown and black and tan; intended to make the wearer of a garment made of this fabric hard to distinguish from the background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp", + "encampment", + "cantonment", + "bivouac" + ], + "it": [ + "accampamento", + "accantonamento", + "acquartieramento", + "attendamento", + "baraccamento", + "campeggiamento", + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary lodgings in the country for travelers or vacationers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal institution (often for forced labor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp", + "summer camp" + ], + "it": [ + "campeggio estivo", + "colonia estiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a site where care and activities are provided for children during the summer months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp", + "refugee camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shelter for persons displaced by war or political oppression or for religious beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad-brimmed felt hat with a high crown; formerly worn by the United States Army and Marine personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campanile", + "belfry" + ], + "it": [ + "torre campanaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell tower; usually stands alone unattached to a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light folding chair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camper", + "camping bus", + "motor home" + ], + "it": [ + "autocaravan", + "camper", + "motocaravan", + "motorcaravan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreational vehicle equipped for camping out while traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camper trailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trailer equipped for occupancy (especially for holiday trips)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cerate made of camphor and wax and spermaceti and castor oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campstool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folding stool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camshaft" + ], + "it": [ + "albero a camme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "has cams attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can", + "tin", + "tin can" + ], + "it": [ + "barattolo", + "bussolotto", + "latta", + "lattina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "airtight sealed metal container for food or drink or paint etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canal" + ], + "it": [ + "canale", + "naviglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long and narrow strip of water made for boats or for irrigation" + ], + "it": [ + "corso d'acqua artificiale, costruito per l'irrigazione o la navigazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canal boat", + "narrow boat", + "narrowboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long boat that carries freight and is narrow enough to be used in canals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candelabrum", + "candelabra" + ], + "it": [ + "candelabro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branched candlestick; ornamental; has several lights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candid camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miniature camera with a fast lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candle", + "taper", + "wax light" + ], + "it": [ + "candela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick of wax with a wick in the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlepin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling pin that is thin by comparison with a tenpin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlesnuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement with a small cup at the end of a handle; used to extinguish the flame of a candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlestick", + "candle holder" + ], + "it": [ + "bugia", + "candeliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holder with sockets for candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlewick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wick of a candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlewick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loops of soft yarn are cut to give a tufted pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer used to determine the temperature of candy syrups during cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff switch used to hit students as punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone", + "canna", + "cannetta", + "legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick that people can lean on to help them walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of punishment formerly used in China for petty criminals; consists of a heavy wooden collar enclosing the neck and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canister", + "cannister", + "tin" + ], + "it": [ + "barattolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal container for storing dry foods such as tea or flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannabis", + "marijuana", + "marihuana", + "ganja" + ], + "it": [ + "erba", + "hascisc", + "hashish", + "mariagiovanna", + "marijuana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most commonly used illicit drug; considered a soft drug, it consists of the dried leaves of the hemp plant; smoked or chewed for euphoric effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory where food is canned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannikin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small can" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannikin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ], + "it": [ + "cannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ], + "it": [ + "cannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy automatic gun fired from an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a cylindrical piece of armor plate to protect the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy gun fired from a tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannonball", + "cannon ball", + "round shot" + ], + "it": [ + "palla di cannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid projectile that in former times was fired from a cannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large firecracker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannula" + ], + "it": [ + "cannula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flexible tube inserted into a body cavity for draining off fluid or introducing medication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canoe" + ], + "it": [ + "canoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can opener", + "tin opener" + ], + "it": [ + "apriscatole", + "chiavetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for cutting cans open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canopic jar", + "canopic vase" + ], + "it": [ + "canopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jar used in ancient Egypt to contain entrails of an embalmed body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canopy" + ], + "it": [ + "baldacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering (usually of cloth) that serves as a roof to shelter an area from the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the umbrellalike part of a parachute that fills with air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transparent covering of an aircraft cockpit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canteen" + ], + "it": [ + "borraccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flask for carrying water; used by soldiers or travelers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canteen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restaurant in a factory; where workers can eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canteen" + ], + "it": [ + "mensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreation room in an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canteen", + "mobile canteen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant outside; often for soldiers or policemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canteen" + ], + "it": [ + "bettolino", + "cantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sells food and personal items to personnel at an institution or school or camp etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cant hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peavey having a hook instead of a spike; used for handling logs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantilever" + ], + "it": [ + "trave a sbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projecting horizontal beam fixed at one end only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantilever bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte a mensola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bridge constructed of two cantilevers that meet in the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back of a saddle seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canton crepe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thick crinkled dress crepe; heavier than crepe de Chine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas", + "canvass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas", + "canvass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mat that forms the floor of the ring in which boxers or professional wrestlers compete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas", + "canvass" + ], + "it": [ + "tela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil painting on canvas fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas tent", + "canvas", + "canvass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tent made of canvas fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "berretta", + "berretto", + "cuffia", + "cuffietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight-fitting headdress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula", + "tappo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a top (as for a bottle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "cappuccio", + "cuffia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something serving as a cover or protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitor", + "capacitance", + "condenser", + "electrical condenser" + ], + "it": [ + "condensatore", + "condensatore elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caparison", + "trapping", + "housing" + ], + "it": [ + "bardatura", + "groppiera", + "gualdrappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape", + "mantle" + ], + "it": [ + "cappa", + "kappa", + "mantella", + "mantellina", + "mantello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeveless garment like a cloak but shorter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capeline bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage that covers the head or an amputation stump like a cap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capillary", + "capillary tube", + "capillary tubing" + ], + "it": [ + "capillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube of small internal diameter; holds liquid by capillary action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital", + "chapiter", + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "capitello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of a column that supports the entablature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship of the first rank in size and armament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capitol", + "Capitol Building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government building in Washington where the United States Senate and the House of Representatives meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building occupied by a state legislature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap opener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle opener to pry off caps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capote", + "hooded cloak" + ], + "it": [ + "schiavina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long cloak with a hood that can be pulled over the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capote", + "hooded coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long overcoat with a hood that can be pulled over the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threaded screw for machine parts; screws into a tapped hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capstan" + ], + "it": [ + "argano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a windlass rotated in a horizontal plane around a vertical axis; used on ships for weighing anchor or raising heavy sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capstone", + "copestone", + "coping stone", + "stretcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone that forms the top of wall or building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "cachet", + "capsula", + "cassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pill in the form of a small rounded gelatinous container with medicine inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain's chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden armchair with a saddle seat and a low back that has vertical spindles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captopril", + "Capoten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Capoten) that blocks the formation of angiotensin in the kidneys resulting in vasodilation; used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capuchin" + ], + "it": [ + "cappa", + "kappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hooded cloak for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car", + "auto", + "automobile", + "machine", + "motorcar" + ], + "it": [ + "auto", + "automobile", + "autovettura", + "vettura", + "macchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo a quattro ruote, con motore generalmente a scoppio, per il trasporto su strada di un numero limitato di persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car", + "railcar", + "railway car", + "railroad car" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle adapted to the rails of railroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car", + "elevator car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where passengers ride up and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car", + "gondola" + ], + "it": [ + "navicella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the compartment that is suspended from an airship and that carries personnel and the cargo and the power plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carabiner", + "karabiner", + "snap ring" + ], + "it": [ + "moschettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblong metal ring with a spring clip; used in mountaineering to attach a rope to a piton or to connect two ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carafe", + "decanter" + ], + "it": [ + "boccia", + "caraffa", + "guastada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle with a stopper; for serving wine or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caravansary", + "caravanserai", + "khan", + "caravan inn" + ], + "it": [ + "caravanserraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inn in some eastern countries with a large courtyard that provides accommodation for caravans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car battery", + "automobile battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lead-acid storage battery in a motor vehicle; usually a 12-volt battery of six cells; the heart of the car's electrical system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbine" + ], + "it": [ + "carabina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light automatic rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "autobomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb placed in a car and wired to explode when the ignition is started or by remote control or by a timing device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless basic antibiotic that inhibits the growth of Gram-positive organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon", + "carbon copy" + ], + "it": [ + "copia carbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy made with carbon paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon arc lamp", + "carbon arc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "has carbon electrodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carboy" + ], + "it": [ + "damigiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bottle for holding corrosive liquids; usually cushioned in a special container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carburetor", + "carburettor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixes air with gasoline vapor prior to explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trailer that can be loaded with new cars for delivery to sales agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes" + ], + "it": [ + "cartoncino rettangolare su cui sono impressi semi o figure diverse, usate per giochi da tavolo, o adoperate dalle cartomanti per predire la sorte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardcase" + ], + "it": [ + "portabiglietti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small case for carrying business cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac monitor", + "heart monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of electronic equipment for continual observation of the function of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardigan" + ], + "it": [ + "cardigan", + "golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knitted jacket that is fastened up the front with buttons or a zipper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card index", + "card catalog", + "card catalogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabetical listing of items (e.g., books in a library) with a separate card for each item" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiograph", + "electrocardiograph" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiografo", + "elettrocardiografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument that records electric currents associated with contractions of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardioid microphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a directional microphone with a cardioid pattern of sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car door" + ], + "it": [ + "portiera", + "sportello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the door of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room for gambling on card games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card table" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo da gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small light table with folding legs; can be folded for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card table" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo da gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table for playing cards (as in a casino)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car-ferry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ferry that transports motor vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo", + "lading", + "freight", + "load", + "loading", + "payload", + "shipment", + "consignment" + ], + "it": [ + "carico", + "spedizione", + "merce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods carried by a large vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo area", + "cargo deck", + "cargo hold", + "hold", + "storage area" + ], + "it": [ + "bagagliaio", + "cala", + "stiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space in a ship or aircraft for storing cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo container" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large container for freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "door used to load or unload cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatch opening into the cargo compartment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo helicopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helicopter that carries cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liner that carries cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo ship", + "cargo vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "bastimento", + "cargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship designed to carry cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set of bells hung in a bell tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carminative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medication that prevents the formation of gas in the alimentary tract or eases its passing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mirror that the driver of a car can use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnegie Mellon University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineering university in Pittsburgh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caroche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a luxurious carriage suitable for nobility in the 16th and 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carousel", + "carrousel", + "merry-go-round", + "roundabout", + "whirligig" + ], + "it": [ + "giostra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large, rotating machine with seats for children to ride or amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carousel", + "carrousel", + "luggage carousel", + "luggage carrousel" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro trasportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyer belt that carries luggage to be claimed by air travelers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's hammer", + "claw hammer", + "clawhammer" + ], + "it": [ + "martello a granchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hammer with a cleft at one end for pulling nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's kit", + "tool kit" + ], + "it": [ + "kit di attrezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of carpenter's tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight bar of light metal with a spirit level in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's mallet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-handled mallet with a wooden head used to strike a chisel or wedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule used by a carpenter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter's square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel square used by carpenters; larger than a try square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpetbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveling bag made of carpet; widely used in 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet beater", + "rug beater" + ], + "it": [ + "battipanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "implement for beating dust out of carpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loom for weaving carpeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet pad", + "rug pad", + "underlay", + "underlayment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad placed under a carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet sweeper", + "sweeper" + ], + "it": [ + "battitappeti", + "battitappeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleaning implement with revolving brushes that pick up dirt as the implement is pushed over a carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet tack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to nail down carpets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carport", + "car port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garage for one or two cars consisting of a flat roof supported on poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrack", + "carack" + ], + "it": [ + "caracca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large galleon sailed in the Mediterranean as a merchantman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrel", + "carrell", + "cubicle", + "stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small individual study area in a library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage", + "equipage", + "rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle with wheels drawn by one or more horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage" + ], + "it": [ + "carrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine part that carries something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roundheaded bolt for timber; threaded along part of the shank; inserted into holes already drilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriageway" + ], + "it": [ + "carreggiata", + "corsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two sides of a motorway where traffic travels in one direction only usually in two or three lanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench designed for use with carriage bolts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrick bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot used to connect the ends of two large ropes or hawsers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrick bitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of strong posts that support a windlass on a ship's deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack attached to a vehicle; for carrying luggage or skis or the like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-propelled wheeled vehicle designed specifically to carry something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carron oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment formerly used to treat burns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carryall", + "holdall", + "tote", + "tote bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capacious bag or basket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrycot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box-shaped baby bed with handles (for a baby to sleep in while being carried)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat in a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cart" + ], + "it": [ + "baroccio", + "barroccio", + "biroccio", + "carretta", + "carro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo a due o quattro ruote trainato da animale per il trasporto di cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car tire", + "automobile tire", + "auto tire", + "rubber tire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tire consisting of a rubber ring around the rim of an automobile wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carton" + ], + "it": [ + "cartone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box made of cardboard; opens by flaps on top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartouche", + "cartouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartridge (usually with paper casing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train that transports passengers and their automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge" + ], + "it": [ + "cartuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ammunition consisting of a cylindrical casing containing an explosive charge and a bullet; fired from a rifle or handgun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge", + "pickup" + ], + "it": [ + "fonogeno", + "fonorivelatore", + "pick-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electro-acoustic transducer that is the part of the arm of a record player that holds the needle and that is removable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge" + ], + "it": [ + "cartuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a module designed to be inserted into a larger piece of equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cartuccera", + "cartucciera", + "cinturone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad belt with loops or pockets for holding ammunition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge ejector", + "ejector" + ], + "it": [ + "eiettore", + "espulsore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism in a firearm that ejects the empty shell case after firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge extractor", + "cartridge remover", + "extractor" + ], + "it": [ + "estrattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism in a firearm that pulls an empty shell case out of the chamber and passes it to the ejector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge fuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fuse cased in a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartridge holder", + "cartridge clip", + "clip", + "magazine" + ], + "it": [ + "caricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal frame or container holding cartridges; can be inserted into an automatic gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that has wooden spokes and a metal rim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carvedilol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beta blocker that can reduce the progression of heart failure in individuals whose disease is not advanced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carving" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture created by removing material (as wood or ivory or stone) in order to create a desired shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carving fork" + ], + "it": [ + "forchettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fork used in carving cooked meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carving knife" + ], + "it": [ + "trinciante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large knife used to carve cooked meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that has a tire and rim and hubcap; used to propel the car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window in a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caryatid" + ], + "it": [ + "cariatide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporting column carved in the shape of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade liquefier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus used to liquefy air or oxygen etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade transformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of transformers in series; provides a high-voltage source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "astuccio", + "busta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable container for carrying several objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "display case", + "showcase", + "vitrine" + ], + "it": [ + "bacheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "pillowcase", + "slip", + "pillow slip" + ], + "it": [ + "federa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "compositor's case", + "typesetter's case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casein paint", + "casein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-base paint made with a protein precipitated from milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case knife", + "sheath knife" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "coltello con fodero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife with a fixed blade that is carried in a sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal blade with a handle; used as cutlery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window sash that is hinged (usually on one side)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casement window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window with one or more casements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military barracks in a garrison town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case shot", + "canister", + "canister shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic cylinder packed with shot and used as ammunition in a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter at a large party where you can purchase drinks by the glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashbox", + "money box", + "till" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strongbox for holding cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash machine", + "cash dispenser", + "automated teller machine", + "automatic teller machine", + "automated teller", + "automatic teller", + "ATM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unattended machine (outside some banks) that dispenses money when a personal coded card is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashmere" + ], + "it": [ + "cachemire", + "cascemir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft fabric made from the wool of the Cashmere goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash register", + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa", + "registratore di cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cashbox with an adding machine to register transactions; used in shops to add up the bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casing", + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "infisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enclosing frame around a door or window opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost covering of a pneumatic tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casino", + "gambling casino" + ], + "it": [ + "casinò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public building for gambling and entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casket", + "jewel casket" + ], + "it": [ + "cassetta di sicurezza", + "cofanetto", + "scrigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small and often ornate box for holding jewels or other valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(15-16th century) any armor for the head; usually ornate without a visor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casquet", + "casquetel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light open casque without a visor or beaver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassegrainian telescope", + "Gregorian telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflecting telescope that has a paraboloidal primary mirror and a hyperboloidal secondary mirror; light is brought to a focus through an aperture in the center of the primary mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casserole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deep dish in which food can be cooked and served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassette" + ], + "it": [ + "audiocassetta", + "cassetta", + "fonocassetta", + "musicassetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container that holds a magnetic tape used for recording or playing sound or video" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassette deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tape deck for playing and recording cassette tapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassette player" + ], + "it": [ + "riproduttore a cassetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment for playing cassettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassette recorder" + ], + "it": [ + "registratore a cassette", + "registratore a cassetta", + "giranastri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recorder for recording or playing cassettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassette tape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cassette that contains magnetic tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassock" + ], + "it": [ + "talare", + "tonaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black garment reaching down to the ankles; worn by priests or choristers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "casting" + ], + "it": [ + "getto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "object formed by a mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "plaster cast", + "plaster bandage" + ], + "it": [ + "gesso", + "ingessatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage consisting of a firm covering (often made of plaster of Paris) that immobilizes broken bones while they heal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caster", + "castor" + ], + "it": [ + "rotella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pivoting roller attached to the bottom of furniture or trucks or portable machines to make them movable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caster", + "castor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaker with a perforated top for sprinkling powdered sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castile soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a good hard soap made from olive oil and sodium hydroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castle" + ], + "it": [ + "castello", + "maniero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large building formerly occupied by a ruler and fortified against attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castle", + "rook" + ], + "it": [ + "torre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) the piece that can move any number of unoccupied squares in a direction parallel to the sides of the chessboard" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo degli scacchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castor oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di ricino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purgative extracted from the seed of the castor-oil plant; used in paint and varnish as well as medically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catacomb" + ], + "it": [ + "catacomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underground tunnel with recesses where bodies were buried (as in ancient Rome)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catafalque" + ], + "it": [ + "catafalco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorated bier on which a coffin rests in state during a funeral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalytic converter" + ], + "it": [ + "catalizzatore", + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a converter that uses a platinum-iridium catalyst to oxidize pollutants and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water; an antipollution device on an automotive exhaust system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalytic cracker", + "cat cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical reactor for converting oils with high boiling points into fuels with lower boiling points in the presence of a catalyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catamaran" + ], + "it": [ + "catamarano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailboat with two parallel hulls held together by single deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catapult", + "arbalest", + "arbalist", + "ballista", + "bricole", + "mangonel", + "onager", + "trebuchet", + "trebucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engine that provided medieval artillery used during sieges; a heavy war engine for hurling large stones and other missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catapult", + "launcher" + ], + "it": [ + "briccola", + "catapulta", + "mangano", + "onagro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that launches aircraft from a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailboat with a single mast set far forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle for cat excrement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ], + "it": [ + "fermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener that fastens or locks a door or window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint that checks the motion of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catchall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure or receptacle for odds and ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catcher's mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mask to protect the face of the catcher in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catchment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure in which water is collected (especially a natural drainage area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caterpillar", + "cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large tracked vehicle that is propelled by two endless metal belts; frequently used for moving earth in construction and farm work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catgut", + "gut" + ], + "it": [ + "budello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong cord made from the intestines of sheep and used in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathedra", + "bishop's throne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a throne that is the official chair of a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathedral" + ], + "it": [ + "cattedrale", + "duomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large and important church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathedral", + "duomo" + ], + "it": [ + "cattedrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal Christian church building of a bishop's diocese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catherine wheel", + "pinwheel" + ], + "it": [ + "girandola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular firework that spins round and round emitting colored fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catheter" + ], + "it": [ + "catetere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flexible tube inserted into the body to permit introduction or withdrawal of fluids or to keep the passageway open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathode" + ], + "it": [ + "catodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negatively charged electrode that is the source of electrons entering an electrical device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the positively charged terminal of a voltaic cell or storage battery that supplies current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathode-ray tube", + "CRT" + ], + "it": [ + "cinescopio", + "tubo a raggi catodici", + "tubo catodico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacuum tube in which a hot cathode emits a beam of electrons that pass through a high voltage anode and are focused or deflected before hitting a phosphorescent screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long double-edged knife used for amputations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat-o'-nine-tails", + "cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whip with nine knotted cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rig of a catboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's-paw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hitch in the middle of rope that has two eyes into which tackle can be hooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catsup bottle", + "ketchup bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle that holds catsup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freight car for transporting cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle guard", + "cattle grid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge over a ditch consisting of parallel metal bars that allow pedestrians and vehicles to pass, but not cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattleship", + "cattle boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cargo ship for the transport of livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail over which cattle were driven to market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catwalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow pathway high in the air (as above a stage or between parts of a building or along a bridge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catwalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow platform extending out into an auditorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causeway" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraelevata", + "strada rialzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road that is raised above water or marshland or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cautery", + "cauterant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument or substance used to destroy tissue for medical reasons (eg removal of a wart) by burning it with a hot iron or an electric current or a caustic or by freezing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalier hat", + "slouch hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft felt hat with a wide flexible brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalry sword", + "saber", + "sabre" + ], + "it": [ + "sciabola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout sword with a curved blade and thick back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave molding shaped like a quarter circle in cross section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavity wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall formed of two thicknesses of masonry with a space between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battery used to maintain the grid potential in a vacuum tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C-clamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clamp in the shape of the letter C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CD drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drive that reads a compact disc and that is connected to an audio system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CD player" + ], + "it": [ + "lettore di CD", + "riproduttore di CD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand-alone piece of electronic equipment that either has its own display or attaches to a television set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CD-R", + "compact disc recordable", + "CD-WO", + "compact disc write-once" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact disc on which you can write only once and thereafter is read-only memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CD-ROM", + "compact disc read-only memory" + ], + "it": [ + "CD-ROM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact disk that is used with a computer (rather than with an audio system); a large amount of digital information can be stored and accessed but it cannot be altered by the user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CD-ROM drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drive that is connected to a computer and on which a CD-ROM can be `played'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chest made of cedar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cefadroxil", + "Ultracef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cephalosporin antibiotic (trade name Ultracef)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cefoperazone", + "Cefobid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenteral cephalosporin (trade name Cefobid) used for severe infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cefotaxime", + "Claforan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenteral cephalosporin (trade name Claforan) used for severe infections of the lungs or throat or ears or urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceftazidime", + "Fortaz", + "Tazicef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenteral cephalosporin (trade names Fortaz and Tazicef) used to treat moderate infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceftriaxone", + "Rocephin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenteral cephalosporin (trade name Rocephin) used for severe infection of the lungs or throat or ears or urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cefuroxime", + "Ceftin", + "Zinacef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cephalosporin that can be given parenterally (trade name Zinacef) or orally by tablets (trade name Ceftin); indicated for infections of the lungs or throat or ears or urinary tract or meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceiling" + ], + "it": [ + "soffitto", + "cielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the overhead upper surface of a covered space" + ], + "it": [ + "volta di un ambiente chiuso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celecoxib", + "Celebrex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cox-2 inhibitor (trade name Celebrex) that relieves pain and inflammation without harming the digestive tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celesta" + ], + "it": [ + "celesta", + "celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument consisting of graduated steel plates that are struck by hammers activated by a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial globe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globe that is a spherical model of the heavens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell", + "electric cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell", + "jail cell", + "prison cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where a prisoner is kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell", + "cubicle" + ], + "it": [ + "cella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small room in which a monk or nun lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small compartment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellar", + "wine cellar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "storage space where wines are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellarage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage area in a cellar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellblock", + "ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of a prison (usually consisting of several cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cello", + "violoncello" + ], + "it": [ + "violoncello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large stringed instrument; seated player holds it upright while playing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellophane" + ], + "it": [ + "cellofan", + "cellophane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent paperlike product that is impervious to moisture and used to wrap candy or cigarettes etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellular telephone", + "cellular phone", + "cellphone", + "cell", + "mobile phone" + ], + "it": [ + "telefonino", + "cellulare", + "telefono cellulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulose tape", + "Scotch tape", + "Sellotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transparent or semitransparent adhesive tape (trade names Scotch tape and Sellotape) used for sealing or attaching or mending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celtic cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin cross with a ring surrounding the intersection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cenotaph", + "empty tomb" + ], + "it": [ + "cenotafio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monument built to honor people whose remains are interred elsewhere or whose remains cannot be recovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censer", + "thurible" + ], + "it": [ + "incensiere", + "turibolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container for burning incense (especially one that is swung on a chain in a religious ritual)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre" + ], + "it": [ + "centro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building dedicated to a particular activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center bit", + "centre bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit with a sharp center point for guidance and two side cutters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centerboard", + "centreboard", + "drop keel", + "sliding keel" + ], + "it": [ + "deriva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retractable fin keel used on sailboats to prevent drifting to leeward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center field", + "centerfield", + "center" + ], + "it": [ + "centro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the piece of ground in the outfield directly ahead of the catcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centerpiece", + "centrepiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something placed at the center of something else (as on a table)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool with a conical point that is used to make indentations in metal (especially to mark points for drilling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centigrade thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer calibrated in degrees centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central", + "telephone exchange", + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "centralino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central heating" + ], + "it": [ + "riscaldamento autonomo", + "termosifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heating system in which air or water is heated at a central furnace and sent through the building via vents or pipes and radiators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central processing unit", + "CPU", + "C.P.U.", + "central processor", + "processor", + "mainframe" + ], + "it": [ + "unità centrale di elaborazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the part of a computer (a microprocessor chip) that does most of the data processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(CENTRal EXchange) a kind of telephone exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrifugal pump" + ], + "it": [ + "turbopompa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump that use centrifugal force to discharge fluid into a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrifuge", + "extractor", + "separator" + ], + "it": [ + "centrifuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus that uses centrifugal force to separate particles from a suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalexin", + "Keflex", + "Keflin", + "Keftab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral cephalosporin (trade names Keflex and Keflin and Keftab) commonly prescribe for mild to moderately severe infections of the skin or ears or throat or lungs or urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephaloglycin", + "Kafocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic related to cephalosporin but no longer in common use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephaloridine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic produced by modifying cephalosporin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalosporin", + "Mefoxin" + ], + "it": [ + "cefalosporina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several broad spectrum antibiotic substances obtained from fungi and related to penicillin (trade names Mefoxin); addition of side chains has produced semisynthetic antibiotics with greater antibacterial activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalothin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semisynthetic analogue of cephalosporin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceramic" + ], + "it": [ + "ceramica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact made of hard brittle material produced from nonmetallic minerals by firing at high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceramic ware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utensils made from ceramic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard medicated paste made of lard or oil mixed with wax or resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cereal bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl for holding breakfast cereal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cereal box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paper box in which breakfast cereals are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerecloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof waxed cloth once used as a shroud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerivastatin", + "Baycol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral drug (trade name Baycol) to reduce blood cholesterol levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraceptive device consisting of a small thimble-shaped cup that is placed over the uterine cervix to prevent the entrance of spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cesspool", + "cesspit", + "sink", + "sump" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo nero", + "cloaca", + "bottino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered cistern; waste water and sewage flow into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chachka", + "tsatske", + "tshatshke", + "tchotchke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) an inexpensive showy trinket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chador", + "chadar", + "chaddar", + "chuddar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth used as a head covering (and veil and shawl) by Muslim and Hindu women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foil in thin strips; ejected into the air as a radar countermeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafing dish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal pan over a heater; used to cook or to keep things warm at the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafing gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering (usually rope or canvas) of a line or spar to protect it from friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain", + "string", + "strand" + ], + "it": [ + "catena", + "catenella", + "catenina", + "filo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a necklace made by a stringing objects together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that acts as a restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linked or connected series of objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chainlink fence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence of steel wires woven into a diamond pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain mail", + "ring mail", + "mail", + "chain armor", + "chain armour", + "ring armor", + "ring armour" + ], + "it": [ + "cotta", + "cotta di maglia", + "giaco", + "maglia", + "usbergo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) flexible armor made of interlinked metal rings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impact printer that carries the type slugs by links of a revolving chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain saw", + "chainsaw" + ], + "it": [ + "motosega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "portable power saw; teeth linked to form an endless chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a looped stitch resembling the links of a chain; used in embroidery and in sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most basic of all crochet stitches made by pulling a loop of yarn through another loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a chain of retail stores under the same management and selling the same merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain tongs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe wrench used for turning large pipes; an adjustable chain circles the pipe with its ends connected to the head whose teeth engage the pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "another name for chain tongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chair" + ], + "it": [ + "sedia", + "seggiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat for one person, with a support for the back" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto su cui ci si siede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular seat in an orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chair of state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial chair for an exalted or powerful person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chairlift", + "chair lift" + ], + "it": [ + "seggiovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ski lift on which riders (skiers or sightseers) are seated and carried up or down a mountainside; seats are hung from an endless overhead cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaise", + "shay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carriage consisting of two wheels and a calash top; drawn by a single horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaise longue", + "chaise", + "daybed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long chair; for reclining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalet" + ], + "it": [ + "baita", + "chalet", + "malga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Swiss house with a sloping roof and wide eaves or a house built in this style" + ], + "it": [ + "villino di forma rustica in legno o in pietra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalice", + "goblet" + ], + "it": [ + "calice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl-shaped drinking vessel; especially the Eucharistic cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk" + ], + "it": [ + "gessetto", + "gesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of calcite or a similar substance, usually in the shape of a crayon, that is used to write or draw on blackboards or other flat surfaces" + ], + "it": [ + "un bastoncino di polvere di gesso usato per scrivere su lavagne e altre superfici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk line", + "snap line", + "snapline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chalked string used in the building trades to make a straight line on a vertical surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalkpit", + "chalk pit" + ], + "it": [ + "cava di gesso", + "gessaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarry for chalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft lightweight fabric (usually printed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural or artificial enclosed space" + ], + "it": [ + "locale chiuso destinato a usi particolari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "aula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where a judge transacts business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamberpot", + "potty", + "thunder mug" + ], + "it": [ + "orinale", + "pitale", + "urinale", + "vaso da notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle for urination or defecation in the bedroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chambray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight fabric woven with white threads across a colored warp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamfer bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit that is used for beveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamfer plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane that makes a beveled edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamois cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of chamois used for washing windows or cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancel", + "sanctuary", + "bema" + ], + "it": [ + "abside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "area around the altar of a church for the clergy and choir; often enclosed by a lattice or railing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancellery" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellierato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building housing the office of a chancellor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office of archives for public or ecclesiastic records; a court of public records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandelier", + "pendant", + "pendent" + ], + "it": [ + "lampadario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branched lighting fixture; often ornate; hangs from the ceiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandlery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storeroom where candles are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandlery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candles and other commodities sold by a chandler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chanfron", + "chamfron", + "testiere", + "frontstall", + "front-stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medieval plate armor to protect a horse's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a different or fresh set of clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thing that is different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage for water (or other fluids) to flow through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel", + "television channel", + "TV channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television station and its programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chanter", + "melody pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reed pipe with finger holes on which the melody is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chapel endowed for singing Masses for the soul of the donor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually in the plural) leather leggings without a seat; joined by a belt; often have flared outer flaps; worn over trousers by cowboys to protect their legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapel" + ], + "it": [ + "cappella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of worship that has its own altar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapterhouse", + "fraternity house", + "frat house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house used as a residence by a chapter of a fraternity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapterhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building attached to a monastery or cathedral; used as a meeting place for the chapter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character printer", + "character-at-a-time printer", + "serial printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that prints a single character at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal", + "fusain" + ], + "it": [ + "carboncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick of black carbon material used for drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal" + ], + "it": [ + "carboncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing made with a stick of black carbon material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stove that burns charcoal as fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcuterie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delicatessen that specializes in meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "burster", + "bursting charge", + "explosive charge" + ], + "it": [ + "carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of explosive to be set off at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "bearing", + "heraldic bearing", + "armorial bearing" + ], + "it": [ + "stemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heraldry consisting of a design or image depicted on a shield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge-exchange accelerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accelerator in which high-energy ions escape from plasma following charge exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charger", + "battery charger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for charging or recharging batteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chariot" + ], + "it": [ + "cocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chariot" + ], + "it": [ + "cocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-wheeled horse-drawn battle vehicle; used in war and races in ancient Egypt and Greece and Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charlestown Navy Yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the navy yard in Boston where the frigate `Constitution' is anchored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm", + "good luck charm" + ], + "it": [ + "portafortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something believed to bring good luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charnel house", + "charnel" + ], + "it": [ + "carnaio", + "ossario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vault or building where corpses or bones are deposited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charterhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Carthusian monastery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chartres Cathedral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gothic cathedral in northern France; built in 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular metal frame used in letterpress printing to hold together the pages or columns of composed type that are printed at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chassis" + ], + "it": [ + "chassis", + "scocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skeleton of a motor vehicle consisting of a steel frame supported on springs that holds the body and motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chassis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal mounting for the circuit components of an electronic device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasuble" + ], + "it": [ + "casula", + "pianeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long sleeveless vestment worn by a priest when celebrating Mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chateau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impressive country house (or castle) in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatelaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain formerly worn at the waist by women; for carrying a purse or bunch of keys etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile pattern of squares or crossed lines (resembling a checkerboard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checker", + "chequer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the flat round pieces used in playing the game of checkers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkerboard", + "checker board" + ], + "it": [ + "damiera", + "damiere", + "scacchiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board having 64 squares of two alternating colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkout", + "checkout counter" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter in a supermarket where you pay for your purchases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkroom", + "left-luggage office" + ], + "it": [ + "bagagliaio", + "deposito", + "deposito bagagli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where baggage or parcels are checked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheekpiece" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two straps of a bridle that connect the bit to the headpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheeseboard", + "cheese tray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tray on which cheeses are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheesecake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph of an attractive woman in minimal attire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheesecloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse loosely woven cotton gauze; originally used to wrap cheeses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil (board or handle) with a wire for cutting cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press for shaping cheese curd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical bomb", + "gas bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb laden with chemical agents that are released when the bomb explodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial plant where chemicals are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for holding substances that are undergoing a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical weapon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chemical substances that can be delivered using munitions and dispersal devices to cause death or severe harm to people and animals and plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemise", + "sack", + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemise", + "shimmy", + "shift", + "slip", + "teddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's sleeveless undergarment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemistry lab", + "chemistry laboratory", + "chem lab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory for research in chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chenille" + ], + "it": [ + "ciniglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy fabric woven with chenille cord; used in rugs and bedspreads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chenille", + "chenille cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft tufted cord used in embroidery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheroot" + ], + "it": [ + "sigaro spuntato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cigar with both ends cut flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red ball-shaped firecracker with high explosive power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chessboard", + "chess board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a checkerboard used to play chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chessman", + "chess piece" + ], + "it": [ + "scacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of 16 white and 16 black pieces used in playing the game of chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box with a lid; used for storage; usually large and sturdy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chesterfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fitted overcoat with a velvet collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chesterfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overstuffed davenport with upright armrests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest of drawers", + "chest", + "bureau", + "dresser" + ], + "it": [ + "canterale", + "canterano", + "cassettiera", + "cassettone", + "comò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture with drawers for keeping clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest protector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn in baseball by catchers and by football players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheval-de-frise", + "chevaux-de-frise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defensive structure consisting of a movable obstacle composed of barbed wire or spikes attached to a wooden frame; used to obstruct cavalry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheval glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full length mirror mounted in a frame in which it can be tilted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chevron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inverted V-shaped charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiaroscuro" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaroscuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monochrome picture made by using several different shades of the same color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicane" + ], + "it": [ + "chicane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable barrier used in motor racing; sometimes placed before a dangerous corner to reduce speed as cars pass in single file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken coop", + "coop", + "hencoop", + "henhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "pollaio", + "gallinaio", + "stia", + "capponaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm building for housing poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farm where chickens are raised for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a galvanized wire network with a hexagonal mesh; used to build fences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken yard", + "hen yard", + "chicken run", + "fowl run" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto per i polli", + "recinto per polli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed yard for keeping poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiffon" + ], + "it": [ + "chiffon", + "velocrespo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheer fabric of silk or rayon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiffonier", + "commode" + ], + "it": [ + "canterale", + "canterano", + "comò", + "sciffoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall elegant chest of drawers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child's room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bedroom for a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chime", + "bell", + "gong" + ], + "it": [ + "soneria", + "suoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimney" + ], + "it": [ + "camino", + "canna fumaria", + "ciminiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimney breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walls that project out from the wall of a room and surround the chimney base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimney corner", + "inglenook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corner by a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimneypot" + ], + "it": [ + "fumaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short earthenware pipe on the top of a chimney to increase the draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimneystack" + ], + "it": [ + "ciminiera", + "comignolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the chimney that is above the roof; usually has several flues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "china" + ], + "it": [ + "porcellana", + "stoviglia", + "terraglie", + "vasame", + "vasellame", + "vasellamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high quality porcelain originally made only in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "china cabinet", + "china closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cabinet (usually with glass doors) for storing and displaying china" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinaware", + "china" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "stoviglie in porcellana", + "stoviglie di porcellana", + "piatti in porcellana", + "piatti di porcellana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dishware made of high quality porcelain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinchilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick twilled fabric of wool and cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese lantern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collapsible paper lantern in bright colors; used for decorative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese puzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intricate or ingenious puzzle consisting of boxes within boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese Wall", + "Great Wall", + "Great Wall of China" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortification 1,500 miles long built across northern China in the 3rd century BC; it averages 6 meters in width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinning bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal bar on which you can chin yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse twilled cotton fabric frequently used for uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers made with chino cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinoiserie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style in art reflecting Chinese influence; elaborately decorated and intricately patterned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chin rest" + ], + "it": [ + "mentoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rest on which a violinist can place the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chin strap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strap attached to a hat; passes under the chin and holds the hat in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chintz" + ], + "it": [ + "chintz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brightly printed and glazed cotton fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "microchip", + "micro chip", + "silicon chip", + "microprocessor chip" + ], + "it": [ + "chip", + "microchip", + "chip al silicone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment consisting of a small crystal of a silicon semiconductor fabricated to carry out a number of electronic functions in an integrated circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "poker chip" + ], + "it": [ + "fiche", + "gettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small disk-shaped counter used to represent money when gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular wooden float attached to the end of a log line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chisel" + ], + "it": [ + "scalpello", + "cesello", + "subbia", + "tagliolo", + "scalpelletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool with a flat steel blade with a cutting edge" + ], + "it": [ + "uno strumento per scalpellare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chisholm Trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former cattle trail from San Antonio in Texas to Abilene in Kansas; not used after the 1880s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiton" + ], + "it": [ + "chitone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woolen tunic worn by men and women in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlamys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short mantle or cape fastened at the shoulder; worn by men in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloral hydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline drug used as a sedative; irritates the stomach and can be addictive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorambucil", + "Leukeran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkalating agent (trade name Leukeran) used to treat some kinds of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloramine", + "chloramine-T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several compounds containing chlorine and nitrogen; used as an antiseptic in wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloramphenicol", + "Chloromycetin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antibiotic (trade name Chloromycetin) used to treat serious infections (especially typhoid fever)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlordiazepoxide", + "Librium", + "Libritabs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer (trade names Librium and Libritabs) used in the treatment of alcoholism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorhexidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-lasting liquid antiseptic; used by surgeons to wash their hands before performing surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroform", + "trichloromethane" + ], + "it": [ + "cloroformio", + "triclorometano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volatile liquid haloform (CHCl3); formerly used as an anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroquine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antimalarial drug used to treat malaria and amebic dysentery and systemic lupus erythematosus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorothiazide", + "Diuril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diuretic drug (trade name Diuril) used in the treatment of edema and hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorpheniramine maleate", + "Coricidin", + "Chlor-Trimeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihistamine (trade names Coricidin and Chlor-Trimeton)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorpromazine", + "Thorazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Thorazine) derived from phenothiazine that has antipsychotic effects and is used as a sedative and tranquilizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlortetracycline", + "Aureomycin" + ], + "it": [ + "Aureomicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow crystalline antibiotic (trade name Aureomycin) used to treat certain bacterial and rickettsial diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorthalidone", + "Hygroton", + "Thalidone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diuretic (trade names Hygroton and Thalidone) used to control hypertension and conditions that cause edema; effective in lowering blood pressure to prevent heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chock", + "wedge" + ], + "it": [ + "calzatoia", + "calzolo", + "calzuolo", + "cuneo", + "tacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of wood used to prevent the sliding or rolling of a heavy object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir" + ], + "it": [ + "cantoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area occupied by singers; the part of the chancel between sanctuary and nave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gallery in a church occupied by the choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola dell'aria", + "starter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke", + "choke coil", + "choking coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choker", + "ruff", + "ruffle", + "neck ruff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high tight collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choker", + "collar", + "dog collar", + "neckband" + ], + "it": [ + "collier", + "girocollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "necklace that fits tightly around a woman's neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokey", + "choky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British slang (dated) for a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choo-choo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's word for locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopine", + "platform" + ], + "it": [ + "zeppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's shoe with a very high thick sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopping block" + ], + "it": [ + "ceppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady wooden block on which food can be cut or diced or wood can be split" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopping board", + "cutting board" + ], + "it": [ + "battilardo", + "tagliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden board where meats or vegetables can be cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where stolen cars are disassembled for their parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopstick" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta cinese", + "bacchetta", + "bastoncino cinese", + "bastoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of slender sticks used as oriental tableware to eat food with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chordophone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument of the group including harps, lutes, lyres, and zithers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choropleth map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map that uses graded differences in shading or color or the placing of symbols inside defined areas on the map in order to indicate the average values of some property or quantity in those areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrism", + "chrisom", + "sacramental oil", + "holy oil" + ], + "it": [ + "crisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consecrated ointment consisting of a mixture of oil and balsam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas stocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stocking that is filled with small Christmas presents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas tree" + ], + "it": [ + "albero di Natale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamented evergreen used as a Christmas decoration" + ], + "it": [ + "un sempreverde decorato usato come decorazione natalizia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recording (column or paper strip) on which the constituents of a mixture are adsorbed in chromatography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronograph" + ], + "it": [ + "cronografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accurate timer for recording time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronometer" + ], + "it": [ + "cronometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accurate clock (especially used in navigation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for accurate measurements of small intervals of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding device consisting of adjustable jaws that center a workpiece in a lathe or center a tool in a drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wagon equipped with a cookstove and provisions (for cowboys)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chukka", + "chukka boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe that comes up to the ankle and is laced through two or three pairs of eyelets; often made of suede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bait consisting of chopped fish and fish oils that are dumped overboard to attract fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chunnel", + "Channel Tunnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the railroad tunnel between France and England under the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church", + "church building" + ], + "it": [ + "chiesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell in a church tower (usually sounded to summon people to church)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fanciful hat of the kind worn by Black women for Sunday worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Churchill Downs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack for thoroughbred racing in Louisville; site of the Kentucky Derby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "can opener that has a triangular pointed end that pierces the tops of cans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre della chiesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tower of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churidars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tight trousers worn by people from the Indian subcontinent (typically with a kameez or kurta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churn", + "butter churn" + ], + "it": [ + "zangola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel in which cream is agitated to separate butterfat from buttermilk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chute", + "slide", + "slideway", + "sloping trough" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sloping channel through which things can descend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cider mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mill that extracts juice from apples to make apple cider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciderpress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press that is used to extract the juice from apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar" + ], + "it": [ + "sigaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of tobacco for smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow paper band around a cigar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for holding cigars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar butt" + ], + "it": [ + "cicca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small part of a cigar that is left after smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for cutting the tip off of a cigar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette", + "cigaret", + "coffin nail", + "butt", + "fag" + ], + "it": [ + "sigaretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small part of a cigarette that is left after smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette case" + ], + "it": [ + "portasigarette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flat case for holding cigarettes; can be carried in a purse or a pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette holder" + ], + "it": [ + "bocchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube that holds a cigarette while it is being smoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarillo" + ], + "it": [ + "sigaretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cigar or cigarette wrapped in tobacco instead of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar lighter", + "cigarette lighter", + "pocket lighter" + ], + "it": [ + "accendino", + "accendisigari", + "accendisigaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lighter for cigars or cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cimetidine", + "Tagamet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Tagamet) used to treat peptic ulcers by decreasing the secretion of stomach acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch", + "girth" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghia", + "sottopancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of a band around a horse's belly that holds the saddle in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinder block", + "clinker block", + "breeze block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light concrete building block made with cinder aggregate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinder track" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pista di cenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack paved with fine cinders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinema", + "movie theater", + "movie theatre", + "movie house", + "picture palace" + ], + "it": [ + "cine", + "cinema", + "cinematografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theater where films are shown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinquefoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental carving consisting of five arcs arranged in a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciprofloxacin", + "Cipro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antibiotic (trade name Cipro) used against serious bacterial infections of the skin or respiratory tract or urinary tract or bones or joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle", + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any circular or rotating mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle", + "dress circle" + ], + "it": [ + "balconata", + "galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorated metal band worn around the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit", + "electrical circuit", + "electric circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "circuito elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit board", + "circuit card", + "board", + "card", + "plug-in", + "add-in" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed circuit that can be inserted into expansion slots in a computer to increase the computer's capabilities" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola dei circuiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit breaker", + "breaker" + ], + "it": [ + "salvavita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that trips like a switch and opens the circuit when overloaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuitry" + ], + "it": [ + "circuiteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment consisting of a system of circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circular plane", + "compass plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane with a flexible face that can plane concave or convex surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circular saw", + "buzz saw" + ], + "it": [ + "segatrice a disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power saw that has a steel disk with cutting teeth on the periphery; rotates on a spindle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arena consisting of an oval or circular area enclosed by tiers of seats and usually covered by a tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus" + ], + "it": [ + "circo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(antiquity) an open-air stadium for chariot races and gladiatorial games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus tent", + "big top", + "round top", + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "tendone da circo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas tent to house the audience at a circus performance" + ], + "it": [ + "padiglione in tela, di grandi dimensioni, sorretto da un'apposita impalcatura, entro cui si svolgono spettacoli, spec. del circo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cistern" + ], + "it": [ + "cisterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial reservoir for storing liquids; especially an underground tank for storing rainwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cistern", + "water tank" + ], + "it": [ + "cisterna d'acqua", + "serbatoio d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tank that holds the water used to flush a toilet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cittern", + "cithern", + "cither", + "citole", + "gittern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 16th century musical instrument resembling a guitar with a pear-shaped soundbox and wire strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses administrative offices of a municipal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cityscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting depicting a city or urban area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city university" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban university in a large city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civies", + "civvies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civilian garb as opposed to a military uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civilian clothing", + "civilian dress", + "civilian garb", + "plain clothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinary clothing as distinguished from uniforms, work clothes, clerical garb, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clack valve", + "clack", + "clapper valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple valve with a hinge on one side; allows fluid to flow in only one direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamp", + "clinch" + ], + "it": [ + "morsetto", + "arpese", + "granchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (generally used by carpenters) that holds things firmly together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamshell", + "grapple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dredging bucket with hinges like the shell of a clam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapper", + "tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "batacchio", + "batocchio", + "battacchio", + "battaglio", + "battocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal striker that hangs inside a bell and makes a sound by hitting the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapperboard" + ], + "it": [ + "ciac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic equipment used to synchronize sound and motion picture; boards held in front of a movie camera are banged together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed carriage with four wheels and seats for four passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarinet" + ], + "it": [ + "clarinetto", + "clarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single-reed instrument with a straight tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarion" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval brass instrument with a clear shrill tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark cell", + "Clark standard cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of voltaic cell once used as a standard for electromotive force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cigar made with light-colored tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clasp" + ], + "it": [ + "affibbiatura", + "fermaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener (as a buckle or hook) that is used to hold two things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clasp knife", + "jackknife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello a serramanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large knife with one or more folding blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classic" + ], + "it": [ + "classico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creation of the highest excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classroom", + "schoolroom" + ], + "it": [ + "aula", + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a school where lessons take place" + ], + "it": [ + "locale dove si tengono le lezioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clavichord" + ], + "it": [ + "clavicordio", + "clavicordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early stringed instrument like a piano but with more delicate sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clavier", + "Klavier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument that has a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw hatchet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hatchet that has a cleft for pulling nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clay pigeon" + ], + "it": [ + "piattello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "target used in skeet or trapshooting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claymore mine", + "claymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antipersonnel land mine whose blast is aimed at the oncoming enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large double-edged broadsword; formerly used by Scottish Highlanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clay pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "pipa di terracotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe made of clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atom bomb leaving little or no radioactive contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaners", + "dry cleaners" + ], + "it": [ + "lavasecco", + "tintoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shop where dry cleaning is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaning implement", + "cleaning device", + "cleaning equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large class of implements used for cleaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaning pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad used as a cleaning implement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean room", + "white room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room that is virtually free of dust or bacteria; used in laboratory work and in assembly or repair of precision equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleansing agent", + "cleanser", + "cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "detergente", + "detersivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation used in cleaning something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearway" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road on which you are not allowed to stop (unless you have a breakdown)" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto di strada con divieto di sosta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of wood or metal used to strengthen the surface to which it is attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleat" + ], + "it": [ + "galloccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener (usually with two projecting horns) around which a rope can be secured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal or leather projection (as from the sole of a shoe); prevents slipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoes with leather or metal projections on the soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaver", + "meat cleaver", + "chopper" + ], + "it": [ + "coltella", + "mannaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butcher's knife having a large square blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerestory", + "clearstory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of an interior wall rising above the adjacent roof with windows admitting light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerical collar", + "Roman collar", + "dog collar" + ], + "it": [ + "collarina", + "collarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff white collar with no opening in the front; a distinctive symbol of the clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coupler shaped like the letter U with holes through each end so a bolt or pin can pass through the holes to complete the coupling; used to attach a drawbar to a plow or wagon or trailer etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i51999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clews" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cords used to suspend a hammock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff dwelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock and adobe dwelling built on sheltered ledges in the sides of a cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of bars or logs for children to climb on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flattened part of a nail or bolt or rivet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch", + "clench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small slip noose made with seizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clincher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used to clinch nails or bolts or rivets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinic" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a healthcare facility for outpatient care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinical thermometer", + "mercury-in-glass clinical thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercury thermometer designed to measure the temperature of the human body; graduated to cover a range a few degrees on either side of the normal body temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinker", + "clinker brick" + ], + "it": [ + "clinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brick used as a paving stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinometer", + "inclinometer" + ], + "it": [ + "clinometro", + "inclinometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used by surveyors in order to measure an angle of inclination or elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip" + ], + "it": [ + "clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small fasteners used to hold loose articles together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip" + ], + "it": [ + "clip", + "fermaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of jewelry that can be clipped onto a hat or dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ready-made pieces of computerized graphic art that can be used to decorate a document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clipboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small writing board with a clip at the top for holding papers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of entertainment where high prices are charged for poor entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short piece of wire with alligator clips on both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (as an earring, sunglasses, microphone etc.) that is attached by clips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clipper" + ], + "it": [ + "macchinetta", + "tagliaunghie", + "tronchesina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scissors for cutting hair or finger nails (often used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shears for cutting grass or shrubbery (often used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clipper", + "clipper ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast sailing ship used in former times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloak" + ], + "it": [ + "cappa", + "kappa", + "mantella", + "mantello", + "manto", + "pipistrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose outer garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that covers or conceals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloakroom", + "coatroom" + ], + "it": [ + "guardaroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where coats and other articles can be left temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloakroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private lounge off of a legislative chamber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloche" + ], + "it": [ + "cloche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's close-fitting hat that resembles a helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloche" + ], + "it": [ + "campana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low transparent cover put over young plants to protect them from cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timepiece that shows the time of day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock face", + "clock dial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the face of a clock showing hours and minutes of the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical pendulum used to regulate a clockwork mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock radio" + ], + "it": [ + "radiosveglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio that includes a clock that can be set to turn it on automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre dell'orologio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower with a large clock visible high up on an outside face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clockwork" + ], + "it": [ + "orologeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mechanism of geared wheels that is driven by a coiled spring; resembles the works of a mechanical clock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clofibrate", + "Atromid-S" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Atromid-S) that reduces lipids in the blood serum; used to treat some cardiovascular diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object that acts as a hindrance or obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog", + "geta", + "patten", + "sabot" + ], + "it": [ + "zoccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "footwear usually with wooden soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloisonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enamelware in which colored areas are separated by thin metal strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloister" + ], + "it": [ + "chiostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courtyard with covered walks (as in religious institutions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clomiphene", + "clomiphene citrate", + "Clomid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fertility drug (trade name Clomid) that is used to stimulate ovulation and that has been associated with multiple births" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clomipramine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clonidine", + "Catapres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihypertensive (trade name Catapres) that can be administered orally or via transdermal patches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clopidogrel bisulfate", + "Plavix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood thinner (trade name Plavix) approved for the treatment of mild heart attacks; works by preventing blood platelets from sticking together to form clots that would restrict blood flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed circuit", + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete electrical circuit around which current flows or a signal circulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed-circuit television" + ], + "it": [ + "televisione a circuito chiuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television system that is not used for broadcasting but is connected by cables to designated monitors (as in a factory or theater)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed loop", + "closed-loop system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a control system with a feedback loop that is active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small private room for study or prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closet auger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a snake used to unblock toilets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closeup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph taken at close range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closeup lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic lens with a short focal length used to take pictures at short ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloth cap", + "flat cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat woolen cap with a stiff peak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloth covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering made of cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothesbrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush used for cleaning clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothes closet", + "clothespress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closet where clothes are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothes dryer", + "clothes drier" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dryer that dries clothes wet from washing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothes hamper", + "laundry basket", + "clothes basket", + "voider" + ], + "it": [ + "cesto portabiancheria", + "portabiancheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hamper that holds dirty clothes to be washed or wet clothes to be dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clotheshorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework on which to hang clothes (as for drying)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothesline" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "corda per il bucato", + "filo per il bucato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord on which clothes are hung to dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothespin", + "clothes pin", + "clothes peg" + ], + "it": [ + "molletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood or plastic fastener; for holding clothes on a clothesline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothes tree", + "coat tree", + "coat stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright pole with pegs or hooks on which to hang clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothing", + "article of clothing", + "vesture", + "wear", + "wearable", + "habiliment" + ], + "it": [ + "abbigliamento", + "abiti", + "vestiario", + "vestire", + "abito", + "vestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering designed to be worn on a person's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothing store", + "haberdashery", + "haberdashery store", + "mens store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store where men's clothes are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud chamber", + "Wilson cloud chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "camera a nube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus that detects the path of high-energy particles passing through a supersaturated vapor; each particle ionizes molecules along its path and small droplets condense on them to produce a visible track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clout nail", + "clout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short nail with a flat head; used to attach sheet metal to wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove hitch" + ], + "it": [ + "parlato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot used to fasten a line temporarily to a post or spar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloverleaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interchange that does not require left-hand turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clozapine", + "Clozaril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antipsychotic drug (trade name Clozaril) used as a sedative and for treatment-resistant schizophrenia; know to have few side effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club" + ], + "it": [ + "clava", + "mazza", + "randello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stout stick that is larger at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club" + ], + "it": [ + "fiori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card in the minor suit that has one or more black trefoils on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club car", + "lounge car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "railroad car having a bar and tables and lounge chairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a controlled substance that is usually taken by young people at dance clubs and raves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clubhouse", + "club" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo", + "club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that is occupied by a social club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clubroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room used for the activities of a club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluster bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb consisting of a canister that is dropped from a plane and that opens to release a cluster of bomblets (usually fragmentation bombs) over a wide area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutch" + ], + "it": [ + "frizione", + "giunto", + "innesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coupling that connects or disconnects driving and driven parts of a driving mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutch", + "clutch pedal" + ], + "it": [ + "frizione", + "pedale della frizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedal or lever that engages or disengages a rotating shaft and a driving mechanism" + ], + "it": [ + "pedale della frizione in una macchina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutch bag", + "clutch" + ], + "it": [ + "bustina", + "pochette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's strapless purse that is carried in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CN Tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower in Toronto; 1815 feet tall for broadcasting widely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach", + "four-in-hand", + "coach-and-four" + ], + "it": [ + "cocchio", + "vettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carriage pulled by four horses with one driver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach house", + "carriage house", + "remise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small building for housing coaches and carriages and other vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalbin", + "coalhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin for holding coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freight car with fixed sides and no roof; for transporting coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal chute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chute for coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal house" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shed for storing coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal mine", + "coalpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where coal is dug from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal shovel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand shovel for shoveling coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised framework around a hatchway on a ship to keep water out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaster" + ], + "it": [ + "sottobicchiere", + "sottobottiglia", + "sottocoppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering (plate or mat) that protects the surface of a table (i.e., from the condensation on a cold glass or bottle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaster brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brake on a bicycle that engages with reverse pressure on the pedals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat" + ], + "it": [ + "cappotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a button on a coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closet for storing outerwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coatdress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress that is tailored like a coat and buttons up the front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coatee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short close-fitting coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat hanger", + "clothes hanger", + "dress hanger" + ], + "it": [ + "appendiabiti", + "gruccia", + "ometto", + "portabiti", + "stampella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hanger that is shaped like a person's shoulders and used to hang garments on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coating", + "coat" + ], + "it": [ + "mano", + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin layer covering something" + ], + "it": [ + "distesa di materiale omogeneo (colore, vernice o altra sostanza) che si stende su una superficie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy fabric suitable for coats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat of arms", + "arms", + "blazon", + "blazonry" + ], + "it": [ + "arma", + "blasone", + "stemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official symbols of a family, state, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat of paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of paint covering something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coatrack", + "coat rack", + "hatrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack with hooks for temporarily holding coats and hats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coattail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loose back flap of a coat that hangs below the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaxial cable", + "coax", + "coax cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission line for high-frequency signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobble", + "cobblestone", + "sett" + ], + "it": [ + "ciotto", + "ciottolo", + "codolo", + "pietra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rectangular paving stone with curved top; once used to make roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobweb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense elaborate spider web that is more efficient than the orb web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobweb", + "gossamer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "filo di ragnatela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filaments from a web that was spun by a spider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobweb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric so delicate and transparent as to resemble a web of a spider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried leaves of the coca plant (and related plants that also contain cocaine); chewed by Andean people for their stimulating effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocaine", + "cocain" + ], + "it": [ + "coca", + "cocaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic (alkaloid) extracted from coca leaves; used as a surface anesthetic or taken for pleasure; can become powerfully addictive" + ], + "it": [ + "narcotico (alcaloide) estratto dalle foglie di coca", + "usato come blando anestetico o per indurre sensazioni piacevoli", + "può creare dipendenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockade" + ], + "it": [ + "coccarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament (such as a knot of ribbon or a rosette) usually worn on the hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cockcroft and Walton accelerator", + "Cockcroft-Walton accelerator", + "Cockcroft and Walton voltage multiplier", + "Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-voltage machine in which rectifiers charge capacitors that discharge and drive charged particles through an accelerating tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocked hat" + ], + "it": [ + "feluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hat with opposing brims turned up and caught together to form points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockhorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything used as a toy horse (such as a rocking horse or one knee of an adult)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockleshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small light flimsy boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockloft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small loft or garret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compartment where the pilot sits while flying the aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seat where the driver sits while driving a racing car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockpit" + ], + "it": [ + "arena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit for cockfights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockscomb", + "coxcomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap worn by court jesters; adorned with a strip of red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail dress", + "sheath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress suitable for formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail lounge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barroom in a hotel or restaurant where cocktails are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail shaker" + ], + "it": [ + "sbattighiaccio", + "scotitoio", + "scuotitoio", + "shaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaker for mixing cocktails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small casserole in which individual portions can be cooked and served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codeine" + ], + "it": [ + "codeina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derivative of opium; used as an antitussive (to relieve coughing) and an analgesic (to relieve pain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(15th-16th century) a flap for the crotch of men's tight-fitting breeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coelostat" + ], + "it": [ + "celostato", + "celostata", + "siderostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device used to follow the path of a celestial body and reflect its light into a telescope; has a movable and a fixed mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee can" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a can for storing ground coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee cup" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza da caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cup from which coffee is drunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filter (usually of paper) that passes the coffee and retains the coffee grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee maker" + ], + "it": [ + "caffettiera elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance for brewing coffee automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee mill", + "coffee grinder" + ], + "it": [ + "macinacaffè", + "macinino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill that grinds roasted coffee beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee mug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mug intended for serving coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffeepot" + ], + "it": [ + "caffettiera", + "cuccuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall pot in which coffee is brewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand (usually movable) selling hot coffee and food (especially at night)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee table", + "cocktail table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low table where magazines can be placed and coffee or cocktails are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee-table book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate oversize book suitable for displaying on a coffee table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee urn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urn in which coffee is made and kept hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffer" + ], + "it": [ + "arca", + "cassapanca", + "cofano", + "forziere", + "scrigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chest especially for storing valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffer", + "caisson", + "lacuna" + ], + "it": [ + "cassettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental sunken panel in a ceiling or dome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coffey still" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a still consisting of an apparatus for the fractional distillation of ethanol from fermentation on an industrial scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffin", + "casket" + ], + "it": [ + "bara", + "cassa da morto", + "feretro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box in which a corpse is buried or cremated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cog", + "sprocket" + ], + "it": [ + "dente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tooth on the rim of gear wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cog railway", + "rack railway" + ], + "it": [ + "treno a cremagliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "railway for steep mountains; a cogwheel on the locomotive engages cogs on a center rail to provide traction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skullcap worn by nuns under a veil or by soldiers under a hood of mail or formerly by British sergeants-at-law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil", + "spiral", + "volute", + "whorl", + "helix" + ], + "it": [ + "voluta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reactor consisting of a spiral of insulated wire that introduces inductance into a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tubing that is wound in a spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil" + ], + "it": [ + "spirale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraceptive device placed inside a woman's womb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina", + "bobina d'accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transformer that supplies high voltage to spark plugs in a gasoline engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil spring", + "volute spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spring in the shape of a coil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a slot machine that serves as a receptacle for the coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slot through which coins can be inserted into a slot machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coke", + "blow", + "nose candy", + "snow", + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colander", + "cullender" + ], + "it": [ + "colabrodo", + "colapasta", + "scolabrodo", + "scolapasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowl-shaped strainer; used to wash or drain foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colchicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analgesic drug derived from the saffron plant and used to treat gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold cathode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cathode that is a source of electrons without being heated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold chisel", + "set chisel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow chisel made of steel; used to cut stone or bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold cream", + "coldcream", + "face cream", + "vanishing cream" + ], + "it": [ + "crema emolliente", + "base per il trucco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cream used cosmetically (mostly by women) for softening and cleaning the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering consisting of a wooden frame with a glass top in which small plants are protected from the cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine intended to relieve the symptoms of the common cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold-water flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment without modern conveniences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collage", + "montage" + ], + "it": [ + "collage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paste-up made by sticking together pieces of paper or photographs to form an artistic image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar", + "neckband" + ], + "it": [ + "bavero", + "colletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band that fits around the neck and is usually folded over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ], + "it": [ + "collare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of leather or rope that is placed around an animal's neck as a harness or to identify it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar", + "shoe collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stitching that forms the rim of a shoe or boot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short ring fastened over a rod or shaft to limit, guide, or secure a machine part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything worn or placed about the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collectible", + "collectable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "things considered to be worth collecting (not necessarily valuable or antique)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electrode in a transistor through which a primary flow of carriers leaves the region between the electrodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collector's item", + "showpiece", + "piece de resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outstanding item (the prize piece or main exhibit) in a collection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "college" + ], + "it": [ + "college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of buildings in which an institution of higher education is housed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band or collar that holds an individual stone in a jewelry setting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collet", + "collet chuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cone-shaped chuck used for holding cylindrical pieces in a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accelerator in which two beams of particles are forced to collide head on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colliery", + "pit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "miniera di carbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace consisting of a coal mine plus all the buildings and equipment connected with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collimator" + ], + "it": [ + "collimatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device consisting of a tube containing a convex achromatic lens at one end and a slit at the other with the slit at the focus of the lens; light rays leave the slit as a parallel beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collimator" + ], + "it": [ + "collimatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small telescope attached to a large telescope to use in setting the line of the larger one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cologne", + "cologne water", + "eau de cologne" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua di colonia", + "colonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfumed liquid made of essential oils and alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonnade" + ], + "it": [ + "colonnato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated fiberoptic endoscope for examining the entire colon from cecum to rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colophon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publisher's emblem printed in a book (usually on the title page)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorimeter", + "tintometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument used in colorimetric analysis to determine the quantity of a substance from the color it yields with specific reagents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloring book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picture book with line drawings intended to be colored with crayons by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colors", + "colours" + ], + "it": [ + "bandiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag that shows its nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colors", + "colours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing emblem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color television", + "colour television", + "color television system", + "colour television system", + "color TV", + "colour TV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television that transmits images in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color tube", + "colour tube", + "color television tube", + "colour television tube", + "color TV tube", + "colour TV tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television tube that displays images in full color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color wash", + "colour wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wash of whitewash or other water-base paint tinted with a colored pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colosseum", + "Amphitheatrum Flavium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large amphitheater in Rome whose construction was begun by Vespasian about AD 75 or 80" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colossus of Rhodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a huge bronze statue of the sun god Helios that was built around 285 BC and that stood beside the harbor entrance on the island of Rhodes for about 50 years before it was toppled by an earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of revolver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colter", + "coulter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp steel wedge that precedes the plow and cuts vertically through the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sepulchral vault or other structure having recesses in the walls to receive cinerary urns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbarium", + "cinerarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a niche for a funeral urn containing the ashes of the cremated dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia University", + "Columbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column", + "pillar" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna", + "pilastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a tall vertical cylindrical structure standing upright and used to support a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column", + "pillar" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical cylindrical structure standing alone and not supporting anything (such as a monument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column", + "chromatography column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixture are adsorbed selectively to form colored bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb" + ], + "it": [ + "pettine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat device with narrow pointed teeth on one edge; disentangles or arranges hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tools for straightening fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that separates and straightens the fibers of cotton or wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination lock" + ], + "it": [ + "serratura a combinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lock that can be opened only by turning dials in a special sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworking plane that has interchangeable cutters of various shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comforter", + "pacifier", + "baby's dummy", + "teething ring" + ], + "it": [ + "ciuccio", + "ciucciolo", + "ciucciotto", + "dentarolo", + "succhiotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device used for an infant to suck or bite on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command module" + ], + "it": [ + "modulo di comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space module in which astronauts can live and control the spacecraft and communicate with earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command post", + "general headquarters", + "GHQ" + ], + "it": [ + "posto di comando", + "quartier generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military headquarters from which a military commander controls and organizes the forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art used for commercial purposes (as in advertising)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail store that sells equipment and provisions (usually to military personnel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a snack bar in a film studio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commodity", + "trade good", + "good" + ], + "it": [ + "mercanzia", + "merci", + "roba", + "bene", + "genere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articles of commerce" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo di commercio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commodity exchange", + "commodities exchange", + "commodities market" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa merci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange for buying and selling commodities for future delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commodore John Barry Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cantilever bridge in Chester, Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common ax", + "common axe", + "Dayton ax", + "Dayton axe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ax with a long handle and a head that has one cutting edge and one blunt side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala di ritrovo", + "sala professori", + "sala dei professori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sitting room (usually at school or university)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communications satellite" + ], + "it": [ + "satellite per telecomunicazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial satellite that relays signals back to earth; moves in a geostationary orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communication system", + "communication equipment" + ], + "it": [ + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facility consisting of the physical plants and equipment for disseminating information" + ], + "it": [ + "nelle telecomunicazioni, complesso di impianti e apparecchiature di trasmissione, ritrasmissione e ricezione di informazioni a distanza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communication system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for communicating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community center", + "civic center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center where the members of a community can gather for social or cultural activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutator" + ], + "it": [ + "commutatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "switch for reversing the direction of an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commuter", + "commuter train" + ], + "it": [ + "pendolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger train that is ridden primarily by passengers who travel regularly from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compact", + "powder compact" + ], + "it": [ + "portacipria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compact", + "compact car" + ], + "it": [ + "compatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and economical car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compact disk", + "compact disc", + "CD" + ], + "it": [ + "C.D.", + "CD", + "compact disc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digitally encoded recording on an optical disk that is smaller than a phonograph record; played back by a laser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compact-disk burner", + "CD burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recording equipment for making compact disks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "companionway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stairway or ladder that leads from one deck to another on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compartment" + ], + "it": [ + "compartimento", + "scompartimento", + "scomparto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partitioned section, chamber, or separate room within a larger enclosed area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compartment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space into which an area is subdivided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass" + ], + "it": [ + "bussola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigational instrument for finding directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass" + ], + "it": [ + "compasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drafting instrument used for drawing circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass card", + "mariner's compass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compass in the form of a card that rotates so that 0 degrees or North points to magnetic north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass saw" + ], + "it": [ + "gattuccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw with a narrow triangular blade for cutting curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "component", + "constituent", + "element" + ], + "it": [ + "componente", + "elemento", + "ingrediente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system" + ], + "it": [ + "entità minima, indivisibile e autonoma, che insieme con altre concorre a formare un tutto unitario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is created by arranging several things to form a unified whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure of residences and other building (especially in the Orient)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens system consisting of two or more lenses on the same axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound lever" + ], + "it": [ + "leveraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of levers hinged at the fulcrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound microscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light microscope that has two converging lens systems: the objective and the eyepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compress" + ], + "it": [ + "compressa", + "impacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth pad or dressing (with or without medication) applied firmly to some part of the body (to relieve discomfort or reduce fever)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compression bandage", + "tourniquet" + ], + "it": [ + "laccio emostatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage that stops the flow of blood from an artery by applying pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compressor" + ], + "it": [ + "compressore", + "compressore per aerifromi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that compresses gasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer", + "computing machine", + "computing device", + "data processor", + "electronic computer", + "information processing system" + ], + "it": [ + "computer", + "calcolatore", + "elaboratore", + "calcolatore elettronico", + "cervello elettronico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for performing calculations automatically" + ], + "it": [ + "una macchina per fare calcoli automaticamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer accessory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accessory for a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit that is part of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer graphics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pictorial representation and manipulation of data by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computerized axial tomography scanner", + "CAT scanner" + ], + "it": [ + "TAC", + "tac", + "tomografia assiale computerizzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tomograph that constructs a 3-D model of an object by combining parallel planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer keyboard", + "keypad" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera del computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that displays signals on a computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer network" + ], + "it": [ + "rete", + "rete di computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a network of computers" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di elaboratori collegati tra loro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer screen", + "computer display" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screen used to display the output of a computer to the user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store that sells computers to the small businessperson or personal user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer system", + "computing system", + "automatic data processing system", + "ADP system", + "ADPS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of one or more computers and associated software with common storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration camp", + "stockade" + ], + "it": [ + "campo di concentramento", + "lager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal camp where political prisoners or prisoners of war are confined (usually under harsh conditions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert grand", + "concert piano" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pianoforte da concerto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grand piano suitable for concert performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert hall" + ], + "it": [ + "sala da concerti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hall where concerts are given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concertina" + ], + "it": [ + "concertina", + "piccola fisarmonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free-reed instrument played like an accordion by pushing its ends together to force air through the reeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concertina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coiled barbed wire used as an obstacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concourse" + ], + "it": [ + "atrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide hallway in a building where people can walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concrete mixer", + "cement mixer" + ], + "it": [ + "betoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine with a large revolving drum in which cement is mixed with other materials to make concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensation pump", + "diffusion pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vacuum pump used to obtain a high vacuum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condenser", + "optical condenser" + ], + "it": [ + "condensatore ottico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lens used to concentrate light on an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow coil that condenses by abstracting heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus that converts vapor into liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condenser microphone", + "capacitor microphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microphone consisting of a capacitor with one plate fixed and the other forming the diaphragm moved by sound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioner" + ], + "it": [ + "ammorbidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used in washing (clothing or hair) to make things softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condom", + "rubber", + "safety", + "safe", + "prophylactic" + ], + "it": [ + "condom", + "preservativo", + "profilattico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contraceptive device consisting of a sheath of thin rubber or latex that is worn over the penis during intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condominium" + ], + "it": [ + "condominio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing consisting of a complex of dwelling units (as an apartment house) in which each unit is individually owned" + ], + "it": [ + "l'edificio che è oggetto di condominio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condominium", + "condo" + ], + "it": [ + "appartamento in condominio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the dwelling units in a condominium" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà comune o l'edificio che è oggetto di condominio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduit" + ], + "it": [ + "condotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage (a pipe or tunnel) through which water or electric wires can pass" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio per acqua o altri materiali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone" + ], + "it": [ + "cono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cone-shaped artifact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone clutch", + "cone friction clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friction clutch in which the frictional surfaces are cone-shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confectionery", + "confectionary", + "candy store" + ], + "it": [ + "negozio di pasticceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confectioner's shop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference center", + "conference house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center where conferences can be conducted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which a conference can be held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference table", + "council table", + "council board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the table that conferees sit around as they hold a meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confessional" + ], + "it": [ + "confessionale", + "confessionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booth where a priest sits to hear confessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pieces or streamers of colored paper that are thrown around on festive occasions (as at a wedding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformal projection", + "orthomorphic projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map projection in which a small area is rendered in its true shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conge", + "congee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a concave molding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congress boot", + "congress shoe", + "congress gaiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ankle high shoe with elastic gussets in the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conic projection", + "conical projection" + ], + "it": [ + "proiezione conica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map projection of the globe onto a cone with its point over one of the earth's poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connecting rod" + ], + "it": [ + "biella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod that transmits motion (especially one that connects a rotating wheel to a reciprocating shaft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connecting room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel room that shares a wall with an adjoining room and is connected by a private door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection", + "connexion", + "connector", + "connecter", + "connective" + ], + "it": [ + "allacciamento", + "allaccio", + "collegamento", + "connettore", + "raccordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumentality that connects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conning tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torretta di comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised bridge on a submarine; often used for entering and exiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conning tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armored pilothouse on a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservatory", + "hothouse", + "indoor garden" + ], + "it": [ + "serra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greenhouse in which plants are arranged in a pleasing manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservatory", + "conservatoire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schoolhouse with special facilities for fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "console" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental scroll-shaped bracket (especially one used to support a wall fixture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "console" + ], + "it": [ + "console" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientific instrument consisting of displays and an input device that an operator can use to monitor and control a system (especially a computer system)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "console table", + "console" + ], + "it": [ + "consolle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small table fixed to a wall or designed to stand against a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constitution", + "Old Ironsides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States 44-gun frigate that was one of the first three naval ships built by the United States; it won brilliant victories over British frigates during the War of 1812 and is without doubt the most famous ship in the history of the United States Navy; it has been rebuilt and is anchored in the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consulate" + ], + "it": [ + "consolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic building that serves as the residence or workplace of a consul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer goods" + ], + "it": [ + "bene di consumo", + "beni di consumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods (as food or clothing) intended for direct use or consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "tangency" + ], + "it": [ + "contatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a junction where things (as two electrical conductors) touch or are in physical contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "contact lens" + ], + "it": [ + "lente a contatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin curved glass or plastic lens designed to fit over the cornea in order to correct vision or to deliver medication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made by exposing a photosensitive surface to direct contact with a photographic negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "container" + ], + "it": [ + "contenitore", + "recipiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object that can be used to hold things (especially a large metal boxlike object of standardized dimensions that can be loaded from one form of transport to another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "container ship", + "containership", + "container vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "portacontainers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cargo ship designed to hold containerized cargoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "containment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a system designed to prevent the accidental release of radioactive material from a reactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour map", + "relief map" + ], + "it": [ + "carta a curve di livello", + "carta in rilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map having contour lines through points of equal elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods whose importation or exportation or possession is prohibited by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrabassoon", + "contrafagotto", + "double bassoon" + ], + "it": [ + "controfagotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bassoon that is the largest instrument in the oboe family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraceptive", + "preventive", + "preventative", + "contraceptive device", + "prophylactic device", + "birth control device" + ], + "it": [ + "anticoncezionale", + "antifecondativo", + "contraccettivo", + "contracettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent or device intended to prevent conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control", + "controller" + ], + "it": [ + "comando", + "combinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operational center for a group of related activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control circuit", + "negative feedback circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feedback circuit that subtracts from the input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control key", + "command key" + ], + "it": [ + "tasto di controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the key on a computer keyboard that is used (in combination with some other key) to type control characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "controlled substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug or chemical substance whose possession and use are controlled by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control panel", + "instrument panel", + "control board", + "board", + "panel" + ], + "it": [ + "bottoniera", + "pannello di controllo", + "quadro", + "quadro dei comandi", + "quadro di comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device consisting of a flat insulated surface that contains switches and dials and meters for controlling other electrical devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel or aluminum rod that can be moved up or down to control the rate of the nuclear reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala di comando", + "sala di regia", + "sala regia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room housing control equipment (as in a recording studio)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for controlling the operation of another system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre di controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower with an elevated workspace enclosed in glass for the visual observation of aircraft around an airport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convector" + ], + "it": [ + "convettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space heater that transfers heat to the surrounding air by convection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convenience store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store selling a limited variety of food and pharmaceutical items; open long hours for the convenience of customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convent" + ], + "it": [ + "convento", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious residence especially for nuns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventicle", + "meetinghouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building for religious assembly (especially Nonconformists, e.g., Quakers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converging lens", + "convex lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lens such that a beam of light passing through it is brought to a point or focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converter", + "convertor" + ], + "it": [ + "convertitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for changing one substance or form or state into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convertible" + ], + "it": [ + "cabriolet", + "convertibile", + "decappottabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that has top that can be folded or removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convertible", + "sofa bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sofa that can be converted into a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyance", + "transport" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo di trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves as a means of transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyer belt", + "conveyor belt", + "conveyer", + "conveyor", + "transporter" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro trasportatore", + "trasportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moving belt that transports objects (as in a factory)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooker" + ], + "it": [ + "cucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utensil for cooking" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio per la cottura dei cibi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detached or outdoor shelter for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil used to cut a sheet of cookie dough into desired shapes before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie jar", + "cooky jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jar in which cookies are kept (and sometimes money is hidden)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie sheet", + "baking tray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking utensil consisting of a flat rectangular metal sheet used for baking cookies or biscuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooking utensil", + "cookware" + ], + "it": [ + "utensile da cucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil made of material that does not melt easily; used for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookstove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stove for cooking (especially a wood- or coal-burning kitchen stove)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coolant system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooling system that uses a fluid to transfer heat from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooler", + "ice chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refrigerator for cooling liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooler", + "tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell for violent prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooling system", + "cooling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism for keeping something cool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooling system", + "engine cooling system" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto di raffreddamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment in a motor vehicle that cools the engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooling tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre di raffreddamento", + "torre di refrigerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooling system used in industry to cool hot water (by partial evaporation) before reusing it as a coolant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coonskin cap", + "coonskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raccoon cap with the tail hanging down the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooper Union", + "Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "university founded in 1859 by Peter Cooper to offer free courses in the arts and sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long cloak; worn by a priest or bishop on ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coping saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw with a taut thin blade; used for cutting small curves in wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where copper is dug from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperplate", + "copperplate engraving" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engraving consisting of a smooth plate of copper that has been etched or engraved" + ], + "it": [ + "lastra di rame per incisione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made from an engraved copperplate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utensils made with copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy" + ], + "it": [ + "copia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device used in printing; holds the copy for the compositor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coquille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish in the form of a scallop shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coracle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rounded boat made of hides stretched over a wicker frame; still used in some parts of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbel", + "truss" + ], + "it": [ + "capriata", + "incavallatura", + "cinto erniario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a triangular bracket of brick or stone (usually of slight extent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbel arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) an arch constructed of masonry courses that are corbelled until they meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbel step", + "corbie-step", + "corbiestep", + "crow step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a step on the top of a gable wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbie gable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a gable having corbie-steps or corbel steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone", + "corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line made of twisted fibers or threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord", + "corduroy" + ], + "it": [ + "fustagno", + "velluto a coste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord", + "electric cord" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone", + "cordone elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light insulated conductor for household use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ropes in the rigging of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordite" + ], + "it": [ + "cordite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explosive powder (nitroglycerin and guncotton and petrolatum) dissolved in acetone and dried and extruded in brown cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordon" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adornment consisting of an ornamental ribbon or cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cords", + "corduroys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton trousers made of corduroy cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corduroy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road made of logs laid crosswise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of magnetic material (as soft iron) that passes through a coil and serves to increase the inductance of the coil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chamber of a nuclear reactor containing the fissile material where the reaction takes place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core", + "magnetic core" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a tiny ferrite toroid formerly used in a random access memory to store one bit of data; now superseded by semiconductor memories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow drilling bit that is the cutting part of a core drill; allows core samples to be taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill that removes a cylindrical core from the drill hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for removing the core from apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork", + "bottle cork" + ], + "it": [ + "tappo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plug in the mouth of a bottle (especially a wine bottle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that is used to put corks in bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corkscrew", + "bottle screw" + ], + "it": [ + "cavatappi", + "cavaturaccioli", + "sturabottiglie", + "tirabusciò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle opener that pulls corks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corncrib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crib for storing and drying ears of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornell University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Ithaca, New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner", + "street corner", + "turning point" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo della strada", + "cantonata", + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intersection of two streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner", + "quoin" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo", + "canto", + "cantonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) solid exterior angle of a building; especially one formed by a cornerstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner", + "nook" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo", + "canto", + "cantone", + "cantuccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interior angle formed by two meeting walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket at the corner of a billiard table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square post supporting a structural member at the corner of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornerstone" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra angolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone at the outer corner of two intersecting masonry walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornerstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone in the exterior of a large and important building; usually carved with a date and laid with appropriate ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornet", + "horn", + "trumpet", + "trump" + ], + "it": [ + "cornetta", + "corno", + "tromba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass musical instrument with a brilliant tone; has a narrow tube and a flared bell and is played by means of valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange where grains are bought and sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornice" + ], + "it": [ + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topmost projecting part of an entablature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molding at the corner between the ceiling and the top of a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornice", + "valance", + "valance board", + "pelmet" + ], + "it": [ + "mantovana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative framework to conceal curtain fixtures at the top of a window casing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long cigar with blunt ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronet" + ], + "it": [ + "corona nobiliare", + "corona gentilizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small crown; usually indicates a high rank but below that of sovereign" + ], + "it": [ + "ornamento del capo di forma circolare portato in segno di nobiltà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correctional institution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal institution maintained by the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrective", + "restorative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for treating injury or disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corridor" + ], + "it": [ + "andito", + "corridoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed passageway; rooms usually open onto it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugated fastener", + "wiggle nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small strip of corrugated steel with sharp points on one side; hammered across wood joints in rough carpentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugated iron" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually galvanized sheet iron or sheet steel shaped into straight parallel ridges and hollows" + ], + "it": [ + "lamiera di ferro ondulata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corsair" + ], + "it": [ + "corsale", + "corsaro", + "pirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift pirate ship (often operating with official sanction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corselet", + "corslet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of body armor for the trunk; usually consists of a breastplate and back piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corset", + "girdle", + "stays" + ], + "it": [ + "busto", + "corsetto", + "guaina", + "pancera", + "panciera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's close-fitting foundation garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corvette" + ], + "it": [ + "corvetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly maneuverable escort warship; smaller than a destroyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic" + ], + "it": [ + "belletto", + "cosmetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toiletry designed to beautify the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of the earth or the heavens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmotron" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmotrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large proton synchrotron; uses frequency modulation of an electric field to accelerate protons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume" + ], + "it": [ + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume" + ], + "it": [ + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attire characteristic of a country or a time or a social class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusual or period attire not characteristic of or appropriate to the time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevalent fashion of dress (including accessories and hair style as well as garments)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosy", + "tea cosy", + "cozy", + "tea cozy" + ], + "it": [ + "copriteiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a padded cloth covering to keep a teapot warm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cot", + "camp bed" + ], + "it": [ + "branda", + "brandina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bed that folds up for storage or transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shelter for domestic animals (as sheep or pigeons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tent providing shelter for a family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotter", + "cottar" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavetta", + "copiglia", + "coppiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener consisting of a wedge or pin inserted through a slot to hold two other pieces together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotter pin" + ], + "it": [ + "copiglia", + "coppiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cotter consisting of a split pin that is secured (after passing through a hole) by splitting the ends apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton" + ], + "it": [ + "cotonato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric woven from cotton fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton" + ], + "it": [ + "cotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thread made of cotton fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton flannel", + "Canton flannel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout cotton fabric with nap on only one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton gin", + "gin" + ], + "it": [ + "ginnatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton mill" + ], + "it": [ + "cotonificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile mill for making cotton textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow bed on which a patient lies during psychiatric or psychoanalytic treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat coat of paint or varnish used by artists as a primer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couchette" + ], + "it": [ + "cuccetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compartment on a European passenger train; contains 4 to 6 berths for sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coude telescope", + "coude system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflecting telescope so constructed that the light is led to a plate holder or spectrograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coulisse" + ], + "it": [ + "coulisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timber member grooved to take a sliding panel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coulisse", + "wing flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat situated in the wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter" + ], + "it": [ + "banco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter", + "tabulator" + ], + "it": [ + "contatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculator that keeps a record of the number of times something happens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter", + "heel counter" + ], + "it": [ + "calcagno", + "tallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of leather forming the back of a shoe or boot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment (as a piece of wood, plastic, or ivory) used for keeping a count or reserving a space in various card or board games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a register whose contents go through a regular series of states (usually states indicating consecutive integers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterbore", + "countersink", + "countersink bit" + ], + "it": [ + "accecatoio", + "accecatore", + "acciecatore", + "allargatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit for enlarging the upper part of a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterirritant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine applied locally to produce superficial inflammation in order to reduce deeper inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpart", + "similitude", + "twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duplicate copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countersink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (usually in wood) with the top part enlarged so that a screw or bolt will fit into it and lie below the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countertop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top side of a counter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for counting individual ionizing events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterweight", + "counterbalance", + "counterpoise", + "balance", + "equalizer", + "equaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "contrappeso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight that balances another weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countinghouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "office used by the accountants of a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country house" + ], + "it": [ + "villa", + "villa di campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house (usually large and impressive) on an estate in the country" + ], + "it": [ + "una casa (in genere grande) in un possedimento in campagna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country store", + "general store", + "trading post" + ], + "it": [ + "emporio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail store serving a sparsely populated region; usually stocked with a wide variety of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupe" + ], + "it": [ + "coupé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car with two doors and front seats and a luggage compartment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupling", + "coupler" + ], + "it": [ + "accoppiatore", + "agganciamento", + "aggancio", + "giunto", + "manicotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that serves to connect the ends of adjacent objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facility consisting of a circumscribed area of land or water laid out for a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course", + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "corso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(construction) a layer of masonry" + ], + "it": [ + "fila di elementi uguali, in particolare mattoni o laterizi, disposti orizzontalmente sullo stesso piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "courtyard" + ], + "it": [ + "corte", + "cortile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "courtroom" + ], + "it": [ + "aula", + "tribunale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which a lawcourt sits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residence of a sovereign or nobleman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Courtelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrylic fabric resembling wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courthouse" + ], + "it": [ + "palazzo di giustizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses judicial courts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courthouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building that houses the offices of a county government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court plaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaster composed of isinglass on silk; formerly used to dress superficial wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "cover version", + "cover song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording of a song that was first recorded or made popular by somebody else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coverall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose-fitting protective garment that is worn over other clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covered bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge whose passageway is protected by a roof and enclosing sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covered couch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a litter with a cover for privacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covered wagon", + "Conestoga wagon", + "Conestoga", + "prairie wagon", + "prairie schooner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wagon with broad wheels and an arched canvas top; used by the United States pioneers to cross the prairies in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover glass", + "cover slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and very thin piece of glass used to cover the specimen on a microscope slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covering" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that covers something else (usually to protect or shelter or conceal it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coverlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative bedspread (usually quilted)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering consisting of a plate used to cover over or close in a chamber or receptacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowbarn", + "cowshed", + "cow barn", + "cowhouse", + "byre" + ], + "it": [ + "stalla", + "vaccheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barn for cows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowbell" + ], + "it": [ + "campanaccio", + "sonaglio", + "squilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell hung around the neck of cow so that the cow can be easily located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowboy boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boot with a high arch and fancy stitching; worn by American cowboys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowboy hat", + "ten-gallon hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat with a wide brim and a soft crown; worn by American ranch hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowhide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy flexible whip braided from leather made from the hide of a cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose hood or hooded robe (as worn by a monk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow pen", + "cattle pen", + "corral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen for cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cox-2 inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anti-inflammatory drug that fights pain and blocks Cox-2 activity without impeding the activity of Cox-1; increases the risk of heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "CPU board", + "mother board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main circuit board for a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack", + "crack cocaine", + "tornado" + ], + "it": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted; highly addictive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracker", + "snapper", + "cracker bonbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party favor consisting of a paper roll (usually containing candy or a small favor) that pops when pulled at both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crackle", + "crackleware", + "crackle china" + ], + "it": [ + "maiolica cavillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glazed china with a network of fine cracks on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ], + "it": [ + "culla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baby bed with sides and rockers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cramp", + "cramp iron" + ], + "it": [ + "graffa", + "grappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cramp" + ], + "it": [ + "cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued" + ], + "it": [ + "in falegnameria, strumento a forma di piastra dentata per tener fermi i pezzi di legno in lavorazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crampon", + "crampoon", + "climbing iron", + "climber" + ], + "it": [ + "rampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron spike attached to the shoe to prevent slipping on ice when walking or climbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crampon", + "crampoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged pair of curved iron bars; used to raise heavy objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crane" + ], + "it": [ + "gru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lifts and moves heavy objects; lifting tackle is suspended from a pivoted boom that rotates around a vertical axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craniometer" + ], + "it": [ + "cefalometro", + "craniometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring skull sizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank", + "starter" + ], + "it": [ + "manovella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool consisting of a rotating shaft with parallel handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crankcase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing for a crankshaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank handle", + "starting handle" + ], + "it": [ + "manovella d'avviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crank used to start an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crankshaft" + ], + "it": [ + "albero a gomiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating shaft driven by (or driving) a crank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong protective barrier that is erected around a racetrack or in the middle of a dual-lane highway in order to reduce the likelihood of severe accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash helmet" + ], + "it": [ + "casco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a padded helmet worn by people riding bicycles or motorcycles; protects the head in case of accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crate" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rugged box (usually made of wood); used for shipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cravat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "foulard da collo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neckwear worn in a slipknot with long ends overlapping vertically in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crayon", + "wax crayon" + ], + "it": [ + "pastello a cera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing implement consisting of a colored stick of composition wax used for writing and drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crazy quilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patchwork quilt without a design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream", + "ointment", + "emollient" + ], + "it": [ + "crema", + "emolliente", + "pomata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toiletry consisting of any of various substances in the form of a thick liquid that have a soothing and moisturizing effect when applied to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creamery" + ], + "it": [ + "burrificio", + "casone", + "caseificio", + "latteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where dairy products (butter and cheese etc.) are produced or sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream pitcher", + "creamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pitcher for serving cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creation" + ], + "it": [ + "creazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that has been brought into existence by someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creche", + "foundling hospital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital where foundlings (infant children of unknown parents) are taken in and cared for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creche" + ], + "it": [ + "presepe", + "presepio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of Christ's nativity in the stable at Bethlehem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credenza", + "credence" + ], + "it": [ + "credenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sideboard or buffet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wicker basket used by anglers to hold fish" + ], + "it": [ + "cestino per il pesce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen that is fenced so that young animals can enter but adults cannot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crematory", + "crematorium", + "cremation chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "crematoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace where a corpse can be burned and reduced to ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crematory", + "crematorium" + ], + "it": [ + "crematorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortuary where corpses are cremated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crenel", + "crenelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notch or open space between two merlons in a crenelated battlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe", + "crape" + ], + "it": [ + "crespo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thin light fabric with a crinkled surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe de Chine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin crepe of silk or silklike fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crescent wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustable wrench designed to fit hexagonal nuts with the adjusting screw built into the head of the wrench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crest" + ], + "it": [ + "cimiere", + "cimiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(heraldry) in medieval times, an emblem used to decorate a helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cretonne" + ], + "it": [ + "cretonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unglazed heavy fabric; brightly printed; used for slipcovers and draperies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crewelwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery done with loosely twisted worsted yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crew neck", + "crew neckline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain straight neckline opening from shoulder to shoulder of sweaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib", + "cot" + ], + "it": [ + "culla", + "lettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baby bed with high sides made of slats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin or granary for storing grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cribbage board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board with pegs and regularly spaced holes for holding the pegs; used for keeping the score in a game of cribbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket ball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla da cricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball used in playing cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket bat", + "bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the club used in playing cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in playing cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cringle", + "eyelet", + "loop", + "grommet", + "grummet" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener consisting of a metal ring for lining a small hole to permit the attachment of cords or lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crinoline" + ], + "it": [ + "crinolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff coarse fabric used to stiffen hats or clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crinoline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full stiff petticoat made of crinoline fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crochet", + "crocheting" + ], + "it": [ + "crochet", + "lavoro all'uncinetto", + "maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlework done by interlocking looped stitches with a hooked needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crochet needle", + "crochet hook" + ], + "it": [ + "crochet", + "uncinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a needle with a hook on the end; used in crocheting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crochet stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of a number of stitches made by pulling a loop of yarn through another loop with a crochet needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crock", + "earthenware jar" + ], + "it": [ + "coccio", + "vaso di terracotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthen jar (made of baked clay)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crockery", + "dishware" + ], + "it": [ + "vasellame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware (eating and serving dishes) collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural ornament of curved foliage used at the edge of a spire or gable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crock Pot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric cooker that maintains a relatively low temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croft" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piccola fattoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small farm worked by a crofter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crook", + "shepherd's crook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long staff with one end being hook shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crookes radiometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiometer consisting of a small paddlewheel that rotates when placed in daylight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crookes tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the original gas-discharge cathode-ray tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stock or handle of a whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the output of something in a season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden ball used in playing croquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in playing croquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet mallet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mallet used to strike the ball in croquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cross" + ], + "it": [ + "croce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of the structure on which Jesus was crucified; used as an emblem of Christianity or in heraldry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross" + ], + "it": [ + "croce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden structure consisting of an upright post with a transverse piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbar" + ], + "it": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long thin horizontal crosspiece between two vertical posts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbar" + ], + "it": [ + "asticella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a horizontal bar to be jumped or vaulted over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal bar that goes across something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the seats in the House of Commons used by members who do not vote regularly with either the government or the Opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock drill having cruciform cutting edges; used in mining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbow" + ], + "it": [ + "balestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bow fixed transversely on a wooden stock grooved to direct the arrow (quarrel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosscut saw", + "crosscut handsaw", + "cutoff saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsaw that cuts at right angles to the grain (or major axis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long racket with a triangular frame; used in playing lacrosse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross hair", + "cross wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two fine mutually perpendicular lines that cross in the focus plane of an optical instrument and are use for sighting or calibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosshead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal block that connects to a piston; it slides on parallel guides and moves a connecting rod back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing", + "crosswalk", + "crossover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path (often marked) where something (as a street or railroad) can be crossed to get from one side to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossjack", + "mizzen course" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowermost sail on a mizzenmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosspiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transverse brace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery done with pairs of stitches that cross each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two stitches forming a cross or X" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street intersecting a main street (usually at right angles) and continuing on both sides of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crotchet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tool or hooklike implement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croupier's rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rake used by a croupier to move chips around on the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowbar", + "wrecking bar", + "pry", + "pry bar" + ], + "it": [ + "palanchino", + "piede di porco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy iron lever with one end forged into a wedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ], + "it": [ + "callotta", + "calotta", + "cupola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a hat (the vertex) that covers the crown of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "diadem" + ], + "it": [ + "corona", + "diadema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental jeweled headdress signifying sovereignty" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchio di metallo prezioso più o meno lavorato e tempestato di gemme, simbolo dell'autorità del sovrano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ], + "it": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wreath or garland worn on the head to signify victory" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo di vittoria e di trionfo in gare e competizioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "crest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of a cambered road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "crownwork", + "jacket", + "jacket crown", + "cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown jewel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precious stone that is a valuable part of a sovereign's regalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown jewels" + ], + "it": [ + "gioielli della Corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regalia (jewelry and other paraphernalia) worn by a sovereign on state occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens made of optical crown glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown of thorns" + ], + "it": [ + "corona di spine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mock crown made of thorn branches that Roman soldiers placed on Jesus before the Crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saw having teeth around the edge of a hollow cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow's nest" + ], + "it": [ + "barile", + "gabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platform for a lookout at or near the top of a mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucible", + "melting pot" + ], + "it": [ + "crogiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifix", + "rood", + "rood-tree" + ], + "it": [ + "croce", + "crocefisso", + "crocifisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation of the cross on which Jesus died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruet", + "crewet" + ], + "it": [ + "ampolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottle that holds wine or oil or vinegar for the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruet-stand" + ], + "it": [ + "ampolliera", + "oliera", + "portampolle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand for cruets containing various condiments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control mechanism for keeping an automobile at a set speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmanned aircraft that is a self-contained bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruiser" + ], + "it": [ + "incrociatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fast warship; smaller than a battleship and larger than a destroyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruiser", + "police cruiser", + "patrol car", + "police car", + "prowl car", + "squad car" + ], + "it": [ + "automobile della polizia", + "macchina della polizia", + "pantera", + "pantièra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car in which policemen cruise the streets; equipped with radiotelephonic communications to headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise ship", + "cruise liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger ship used commercially for pleasure cruises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crupper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strap from the back of a saddle passing under the horse's tail; prevents saddle from slipping forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small jar; holds liquid (oil or water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crusher" + ], + "it": [ + "frantoio", + "frantumatore", + "granitrice", + "granulatore", + "pistrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that crushes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crutch" + ], + "it": [ + "gruccia", + "stampella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden or metal staff that fits under the armpit and reaches to the ground; used by disabled person while walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryocautery" + ], + "it": [ + "criocauterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for destroying tissue by freezing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer designed to measure low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring freezing and melting points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermostat that operates at very low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crypt" + ], + "it": [ + "cripta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cellar or vault or underground burial chamber (especially beneath a church)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for deciphering codes and ciphers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal", + "watch crystal", + "watch glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective cover that protects the face of a watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glassware made of quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline element used as a component in various electronic devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass or crystal globe used in crystal gazing by fortunetellers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter tube in which an ionizing event increases conductivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detector consisting of a fine wire in contact with a galena crystal; acts as a rectifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal microphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microphone in which sound waves vibrate a piezoelectric crystal that generates a varying voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal oscillator", + "quartz oscillator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oscillator that produces electrical oscillations at a frequency determined by the physical characteristics of a piezoelectric quartz crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartridge in which an output voltage is produced by the vibration of a piezoelectric crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early radio receiver using a crystal detector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad heel of medium height on women's shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubby", + "cubbyhole", + "snuggery", + "snug" + ], + "it": [ + "casella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small secluded room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubbyhole", + "pigeonhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small compartment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube", + "square block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block in the (approximate) shape of a cube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubeb", + "cubeb cigarette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cigarette containing cubeb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubitiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "body armor that protects the elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cucking stool", + "ducking stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of punishment consisting of a chair in which offenders were ducked in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoo clock" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio a cucù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clock that announces the hours with a sound like the call of the cuckoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the galley or pantry of a small ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cudgel" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club that is used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cue", + "cue stick", + "pool cue", + "pool stick" + ], + "it": [ + "stecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports implement consisting of a tapering rod used to strike a cue ball in pool or billiards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cue ball" + ], + "it": [ + "pallino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball that the billiard player or pool player strikes with his cue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuff", + "turnup" + ], + "it": [ + "polsino", + "polso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lap consisting of a turned-back hem encircling the end of the sleeve or leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cufflink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jewelry consisting of one of a pair of linked buttons used to fasten the cuffs of a shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuirass" + ], + "it": [ + "corazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medieval body armor that covers the chest and back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuisse" + ], + "it": [ + "cosciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cul", + "cul de sac", + "dead end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage with access only at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culdoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized endoscope for visually examining a woman's pelvic organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cullis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gutter in a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culotte" + ], + "it": [ + "gonna pantalone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a divided skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivator", + "tiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm implement used to break up the surface of the soil (for aeration and weed control and conservation of moisture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culverin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval musket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culverin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy cannon with a long barrel used in the 16th and 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transverse and totally enclosed drain under a road or railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cummerbund" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad pleated sash worn as formal dress with a tuxedo" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia dello smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo recipiente di ceramica o altro materiale, di solito munito di uno o due manici ad ansa, usato per bere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup", + "loving cup" + ], + "it": [ + "coppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large metal vessel with two handles that is awarded as a trophy to the winner of a competition" + ], + "it": [ + "vaso metallico offerto in premio ai vincitori di gare sportive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hole (or metal container in the hole) on a golf green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupboard", + "closet" + ], + "it": [ + "dispensa", + "ripostiglio", + "stipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small room (or recess) or cabinet used for storage space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hook (usually on the underside of a shelf) for hanging cups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cupid's bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved bow with reversed curve ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupola" + ], + "it": [ + "cupola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roof in the form of a dome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupola" + ], + "it": [ + "alto forno", + "altoforno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical cylindrical furnace for melting iron for casting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb", + "curbing", + "kerb" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cordone del marciapiede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge between a sidewalk and a roadway consisting of a line of curbstones (usually forming part of a gutter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb", + "curb bit" + ], + "it": [ + "barbazzale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse's bit with an attached chain or strap to check the horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock market for trading in securities not listed on the New York Stock Exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roof with two or more slopes on each side of the ridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curbside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of a sidewalk that is bordered by a curb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curbstone", + "kerbstone" + ], + "it": [ + "paracarro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paving stone forming part of a curb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curette", + "curet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument shaped like a scoop to remove tissue from a bodily cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curio", + "curiosity", + "oddity", + "oddment", + "peculiarity", + "rarity" + ], + "it": [ + "curiosità", + "rarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something unusual -- perhaps worthy of collecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curler", + "hair curler", + "roller", + "crimper" + ], + "it": [ + "arricciacapelli", + "bigodino", + "bigodì", + "diavoletto", + "papillote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device consisting of a cylindrical tube around which the hair is wound to curl it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curling iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro per capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical metal home appliance that heats a lock of hair that has been curled around it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currycomb" + ], + "it": [ + "brusca", + "striglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square comb with rows of small teeth; used to curry horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cursor", + "pointer" + ], + "it": [ + "cursore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) indicator consisting of a movable spot of light (an icon) on a visual display; moving it allows the user to point to commands or screen positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain", + "drape", + "drapery", + "mantle", + "pall" + ], + "it": [ + "cortina", + "panneggiamento", + "velario", + "tenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello da tenda", + "campanella", + "anello della tenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular ring for holding up a curtain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushion" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscino", + "guanciale", + "origliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft bag filled with air or a mass of padding such as feathers or foam rubber etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of air that supports a hovercraft or similar vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point formed by two intersecting arcs (as from the intrados of a Gothic arch)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuspidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration using cusps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custard pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prop consisting of an open pie filled with real or artificial custard; thrown in slapstick comedies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customhouse", + "customshouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building where customs are collected and where ships are cleared to enter or leave the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custom-made", + "custom-built" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item made to the customer's specifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "gash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trench resembling a furrow that was made by erosion or excavation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal made by erosion or excavation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's coat cut diagonally from the waist to the back of the knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaway", + "cutaway drawing", + "cutaway model" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation (drawing or model) of something in which the outside is omitted to reveal the inner parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass decorated by cutting or grinding facets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutlas", + "cutlass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short heavy curved sword with one edge; formerly used by sailors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutlery", + "eating utensil" + ], + "it": [ + "posata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware implements for cutting and eating food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that terminates the flow in a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part that is cut out or is intended to be cut out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph from which the background has been cut away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch that interrupts an electric circuit in the event of an overload" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutter", + "cutlery", + "cutting tool" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutting implement; a tool for cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with a single mast set further back than the mast of a sloop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting implement" + ], + "it": [ + "utensile da taglio", + "strumento da taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used for cutting or slicing" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento usato per tagliare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where films or tapes are edited (by cutting out unwanted parts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutty stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low stool; formerly in Scotland, a seat in a church where an offender was publicly rebuked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery in which the design is outlined in a buttonhole stitch and the intervening material is cut away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyberart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art that is produced with the help of computer hardware and software" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybercafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cafe whose customers sit at computer terminals and log on to the internet while they eat and drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclobenzaprine", + "Flexeril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle relaxant (trade name Flexeril) used for muscle spasms or acute injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclopean masonry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive style of masonry characterized by use of massive stones of irregular shape and size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclopropane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable gas sometimes used as an inhalation anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycloserine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic that is especially active against the tubercle bacillus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclostyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing implement with a small toothed wheel that cuts small holes in a stencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclotron" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclotrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accelerator that imparts energies of several million electron-volts to rapidly moving particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder" + ], + "it": [ + "bombola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical container for oxygen or compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder", + "piston chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber within which piston moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder head" + ], + "it": [ + "testata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachable plate that covers the closed end of a cylinder chamber in a reciprocating engine or pump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylinder lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock in which a cylinder rotates to move a bolt; tumblers are pins; inserting the key lifts and aligns the pins to free the cylinder to rotate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyma", + "cymatium" + ], + "it": [ + "cimasa", + "gola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a molding for a cornice; in profile it is shaped like an S (partly concave and partly convex)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyma recta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cyma in which the upper section is concave and the lower section is convex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymbal" + ], + "it": [ + "cembalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a concave brass disk; makes a loud crashing sound when hit with a drumstick or when two are struck together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyproheptadine", + "Periactin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihistamine (trade name Periactin) used to treat some allergic reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytophotometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photometer that can be used to locate and identify chemical compounds in a cell by measuring the intensity of the light that passes through stained sections of the cytoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytotoxic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any drug that has a toxic effect on cells; commonly used in chemotherapy to inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacha" + ], + "it": [ + "dacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian country house" + ], + "it": [ + "villa russa di campagna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dachau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentration camp for Jews created by the Nazis near Munich in southern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacron", + "Terylene" + ], + "it": [ + "terital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of polyester fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular groove cut into a board so that another piece can fit into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dado" + ], + "it": [ + "dado", + "plinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a pedestal between the base and the surbase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dado plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane for making a dado groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dagger", + "sticker" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro", + "pugnale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short knife with a pointed blade used for piercing or stabbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daggerboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable centerboard on a small sailboat that can be lowered into the water to serve as a keel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daguerreotype" + ], + "it": [ + "dagherrotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph made by an early photographic process; the image was produced on a silver plate sensitized to iodine and developed in mercury vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairy", + "dairy farm" + ], + "it": [ + "cascina", + "latteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm where dairy products are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dais", + "podium", + "pulpit", + "rostrum", + "ambo", + "stump", + "soapbox" + ], + "it": [ + "pergamo", + "podio", + "predella", + "pulpito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform raised above the surrounding level to give prominence to the person on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy chain" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ghirlanda di margherite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower chain consisting of a string of daisies linked by their stems; worn by students on class day at some schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy print wheel", + "daisy wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "margherita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel around which is a set of print characters that make a typing impression on paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisywheel printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that uses a daisy print wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dam", + "dike", + "dyke" + ], + "it": [ + "diga", + "sbarramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damascene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design produced by inlaying gold or silver into steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damask" + ], + "it": [ + "damascato", + "damasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric of linen or cotton or silk or wool with a reversible pattern woven into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table linen made from linen with a damask pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dampener", + "moistener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that dampens or moistens something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damp-proof course", + "damp course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of some impermeable material laid in the foundation walls of building near the ground to prevent dampness from rising into the building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damper", + "muffler" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortizzatore", + "smorzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that decreases the amplitude of electronic, mechanical, acoustical, or aerodynamic oscillations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damper" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola di tiraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable iron plate that regulates the draft in a stove or chimney or furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damper block", + "piano damper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damper consisting of a small felted block that drops onto a piano string to stop its vibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance floor" + ], + "it": [ + "balera", + "pista da ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bare floor polished for dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dapsone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial drug used to treat leprosy and some kinds of skin diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark lantern", + "bull's-eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lantern with a single opening and a sliding panel that can be closed to conceal the light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darkroom" + ], + "it": [ + "camera oscura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which photographs are developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darning needle", + "embroidery needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long needle with an eye large enough for heavy darning or embroidery thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tapered tuck made in dressmaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dart" + ], + "it": [ + "dardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small narrow pointed missile that is thrown or shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dartboard", + "dart board" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bersaglio per freccette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular board of wood or cork used as the target in the game of darts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dartmouth College", + "Dartmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college in New Hampshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dashboard", + "fascia" + ], + "it": [ + "cruscotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument panel on an automobile or airplane containing dials and controls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dashiki", + "daishiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose and brightly colored African shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash-pot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical damper; the vibrating part is attached to a piston that moves in a chamber filled with liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dasymeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densimeter consisting of a thin glass globe that is weighed in a gas to determine its density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "converter for changing information from one code to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data input device", + "input device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other computational device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data multiplexer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multiplexer that permits two or more data sources to share a common transmission medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data system", + "information system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system consisting of the network of all communication channels used within an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daub" + ], + "it": [ + "crosta", + "imbratto", + "scarabocchio", + "sgorbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskillful painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "davenport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sofa usually convertible into a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "davenport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small decorative writing desk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis Cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cup awarded for the annual international team tennis competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "davit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crane-like device (usually one of a pair) for suspending or lowering equipment (as a lifeboat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daybed", + "divan bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armless couch; a seat by day and a bed by night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daybook", + "ledger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accounting journal as a physical object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp providing care and activities for children during the daytime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day nursery", + "day care center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nursery for the supervision of preschool children while the parents work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school building without boarding facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead-air space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unventilated area where no air circulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead axle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an axle that carries a wheel but without power to drive it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a round hardwood disk with holes and a grooved perimeter used to tighten a shroud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train or bus or taxi traveling empty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong shutter over a ship's porthole that is closed in stormy weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constant load on a structure (e.g. a bridge) due to the weight of the supported structure itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deanery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official residence of a dean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathbed" + ], + "it": [ + "letto di morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bed on which a person dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentration camp where prisoners are likely to die or be killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death house", + "death row" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cellblock in a prison where those condemned to death await execution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death knell", + "death bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell rung to announce a death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death mask" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera mortuaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cast taken from the face of a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the car seat beside the driver of an automobile; believed to be the most dangerous place to sit in a car in case of an accident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deathtrap" + ], + "it": [ + "trappola mortale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any structure that is very unsafe; where people are likely to be killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decal", + "decalcomania" + ], + "it": [ + "calcomania", + "decalcomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either a design that is fixed to some surface or a paper bearing the design which is to be transferred to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various platforms built into a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street name for a packet of illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porch that resembles the deck on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck chair", + "beach chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folding chair for use outdoors; a wooden frame supports a length of canvas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often used in combinations) something constructed with multiple levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck-house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superstructure on the upper deck of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deckle" + ], + "it": [ + "cascio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(paper making) a frame used to form paper pulp into sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deckle edge", + "deckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough edge left by a deckle on handmade paper or produced artificially on machine-made paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declinometer", + "transit declinometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring magnetic declination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoder" + ], + "it": [ + "decodificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that converts a coded text into ordinary language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decolletage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-cut neckline on a woman's dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decongestant" + ], + "it": [ + "decongestionante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that decreases pulmonary congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoration", + "ornament", + "ornamentation" + ], + "it": [ + "addobbamento", + "addobbo", + "decorazione", + "fregio", + "guarnizione", + "ornamentazione", + "ornamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something used to beautify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoupage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art produced by decorating a surface with cutouts and then coating it with several layers of varnish or lacquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedicated file server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a file server that can be used only as a file server" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-freeze", + "Deepfreeze", + "deep freezer", + "freezer" + ], + "it": [ + "congelatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric refrigerator (trade name Deepfreeze) in which food is frozen and stored for long periods of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deerstalker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "berretto da cacciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight-fitting hat with visors front and back; formerly worn by hunters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail worn by the passage of deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense laboratory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory devoted to research and development for national defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense system", + "defence system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weaponry available for the defense of a region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defensive structure", + "defense", + "defence" + ], + "it": [ + "difesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure used to defend against attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defibrillator" + ], + "it": [ + "defibrillatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that administers an electric shock of preset voltage to the heart through the chest wall in an attempt to restore the normal rhythm of the heart during ventricular fibrillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defilade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of defensive fortifications to protect against enemy fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflector" + ], + "it": [ + "deflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device intended to turn aside the flow of something (water or air or smoke etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defroster", + "deicer" + ], + "it": [ + "sbrinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater that removes ice or frost (as from a windshield or a refrigerator or the wings of an airplane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delavirdine", + "Rescriptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (trade name Rescriptor) used to treat AIDS and HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware Memorial Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Delaware River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delayed action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that automatically delays the release of a camera shutter for a fixed period of time so that the photographer can appear in the picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delay line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit designed to introduce a calculated delay into the transmission of a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excavation; usually a quarry or mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of glazed earthenware; usually white with blue decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delicatessen", + "deli", + "food shop" + ], + "it": [ + "salumeria", + "grillroom", + "pizzicagnolo", + "rosticceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop selling ready-to-eat food products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delineation", + "depiction", + "limning", + "line drawing" + ], + "it": [ + "delineazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing of the outlines of forms or objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliverable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that can be provided as the product of development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delivery truck", + "delivery van", + "panel truck" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "furgone per le consegne", + "furgone delle consegne", + "furgoncino per le consegne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a van suitable for delivering goods or services to customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane with wings that give it the appearance of an isosceles triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demeclocycline hydrochloride", + "Declomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tetracycline antibacterial (trade name Declomycin) effective in the treatment of some bacterial and rickettsial and other infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demijohn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bottle with a short narrow neck; often has small handles at neck and is enclosed in wickerwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater that removes mist from the windshield of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demitasse" + ], + "it": [ + "tazzina", + "tazzina da caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small coffee cup; for serving black coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demulcent" + ], + "it": [ + "emolliente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medication (in the form of an oil or salve etc.) that soothes inflamed or injured skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demulen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "den" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room that is comfortable and secluded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denim", + "dungaree", + "jean" + ], + "it": [ + "denim", + "tessuto jeans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "densimeter", + "densitometer" + ], + "it": [ + "aerometro", + "densimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for determining density or specific gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "densitometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for determining optical or photographic density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental appliance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device to repair teeth or replace missing teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental floss", + "floss" + ], + "it": [ + "filo interdentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thread for cleaning the spaces between the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental implant" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto dentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implant that replaces a natural tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentifrice" + ], + "it": [ + "dentifricio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance for cleaning the teeth; applied with a toothbrush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentist's drill", + "burr drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high speed drill that dentists use to cut into teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denture", + "dental plate", + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "protesi dentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dental appliance that artificially replaces missing teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deodorant", + "deodourant" + ], + "it": [ + "deodorante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toiletry applied to the skin in order to mask unpleasant odors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department store", + "emporium" + ], + "it": [ + "emporio", + "grande magazzino", + "magazzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large retail store organized into departments offering a variety of merchandise; commonly part of a retail chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departure gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gate where passengers embark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departure lounge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lounge where passengers can await departure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depilatory", + "depilator", + "epilator" + ], + "it": [ + "depilatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmetic for temporary removal of undesired hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depository", + "deposit", + "depositary", + "repository" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used by physician to press a part down or aside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth charge", + "depth bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba di profondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that explodes at a preset depth under water; antisubmarine device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth finder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigational instrument used to measure the depth of a body of water (as by ultrasound or radar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth gauge", + "depth gage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge for measuring the depth of grooves or holes or other concavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument used to cut very thin slices of skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derrick" + ], + "it": [ + "gru a derrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple crane having lifting tackle slung from a boom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework erected over an oil well to allow drill tubes to be raised and lowered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket pistol of large caliber with a short barrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design", + "pattern", + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative or artistic work" + ], + "it": [ + "motivo ornamentale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designer drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychoactive drug deliberately synthesized to avoid anti-drug laws; mimics the effects of a banned drug; law was revised in 1986 to ban designer drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivania", + "tavolino", + "banco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk phone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone set that sits on a desk or table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desktop computer" + ], + "it": [ + "computer da tavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal computer small enough to fit conveniently in an individual workspace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desipramine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant drug that activates the psychomotor system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessert plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plate on which dessert can be served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessert spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon larger than a teaspoon and smaller than a tablespoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroyer", + "guided missile destroyer" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia", + "cacciatorpediniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fast lightly armored but heavily armed warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroyer escort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warship smaller than a destroyer; designed to escort fleets or convoys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detached house", + "single dwelling" + ], + "it": [ + "villa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house that stands alone" + ], + "it": [ + "una casa isolata fuori dalla città" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detector", + "sensor", + "sensing element" + ], + "it": [ + "sensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any device that receives a signal or stimulus (as heat or pressure or light or motion etc.) and responds to it in a distinctive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detector" + ], + "it": [ + "detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that detects the presence of radio signals or radioactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detector", + "demodulator" + ], + "it": [ + "detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rectifier that extracts modulation from a radio carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detention home", + "detention house", + "house of detention", + "detention camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution where juvenile offenders can be held temporarily (usually under the supervision of a juvenile court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detergent" + ], + "it": [ + "detersivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleansing agent that differs from soap but can also emulsify oils and hold dirt in suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detonating fuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fuse containing an explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detonator", + "detonating device", + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula", + "detonatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical or electrical explosive device or a small amount of explosive; can be used to initiate the reaction of a disrupting explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detour", + "roundabout way" + ], + "it": [ + "deviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roundabout road (especially one that is used temporarily while a main route is blocked)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hospital ward or clinic in which patients are detoxified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deuce", + "two" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four playing cards in a deck that have two spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developer" + ], + "it": [ + "rivelatore", + "sviluppatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic equipment consisting of a chemical solution for developing film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "device" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio", + "dispositivo", + "congegno", + "arnese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "un artefatto inventato per un certo scopo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "device" + ], + "it": [ + "insegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblematic design (especially in heraldry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any ornamental pattern or design (as in embroidery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewar flask", + "Dewar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vacuum flask that holds liquid air or helium for scientific experiments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dextroamphetamine sulphate", + "Dexedrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isomer of amphetamine (trade name Dexedrine) used as a central nervous system stimulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhoti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long loincloth worn by Hindu men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dhow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lateen-rigged sailing vessel used by Arabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagram" + ], + "it": [ + "chart", + "diagramma", + "schema", + "tracciato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing intended to explain how something works; a drawing showing the relation between the parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the face of a timepiece; graduated to show the hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial", + "telephone dial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disc on a telephone that is rotated a fixed distance for each number called" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circular graduated indicator on various measuring instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the control on a radio or television set that is used for tuning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialog box", + "panel" + ], + "it": [ + "finestra di dialogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a small temporary window in a graphical user interface that appears in order to request information from the user; after the information has been provided the user dismisses the box with `okay' or `cancel'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial telephone", + "dial phone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone with a dial for registering the number to be called" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialyzer", + "dialysis machine" + ], + "it": [ + "dializzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument for separating substances in solution by unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card in the minor suit that has one or more red rhombuses on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamond point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very hard small point made from a diamond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric covered with glittering ornaments such as sequins or rhinestones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapason", + "diapason stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two main stops on a pipe organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaper", + "nappy", + "napkin" + ], + "it": [ + "pannolino", + "panno lino", + "pannilino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garment consisting of a folded cloth drawn up between the legs and fastened at the waist; worn by infants to catch excrement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric (usually cotton or linen) with a distinctive woven pattern of small repeated figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foghorn that makes a signal consisting of two tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphoretic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to produce perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphragm", + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "diaframma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device in a camera that controls size of aperture of the lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphragm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electro-acoustic transducer that vibrates to receive or produce sound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphragm", + "pessary", + "contraceptive diaphragm" + ], + "it": [ + "diaframma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraceptive device consisting of a flexible dome-shaped cup made of rubber or plastic; it is filled with spermicide and fitted over the uterine cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diary" + ], + "it": [ + "diario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal journal (as a physical object)" + ], + "it": [ + "un libro per le note personali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diathermy machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument for local heating of bodily tissues for medical purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diazepam", + "Valium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer (trade name Valium) used to relieve anxiety and relax muscles; acts by enhancing the inhibitory actions of the neurotransmitter GABA; can also be used as an anticonvulsant drug in cases of nerve agent poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diazoxide", + "Hyperstat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vasodilator (trade name Hyperstat) used to treat severe hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibble", + "dibber" + ], + "it": [ + "cavicchio", + "foraterra", + "piantatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden hand tool with a pointed end; used to make holes in the ground for planting seeds or bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibucaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local anesthetic that is administered by injection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dideoxycytosine", + "ddC", + "DDC", + "zalcitabine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug used to combat HIV infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dideoxyinosine", + "ddI", + "DDI", + "didanosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug used to combat HIV infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die", + "dice" + ], + "it": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dice cup", + "dice box" + ], + "it": [ + "bossolo", + "bussolo", + "bussolotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small container (open at one end) in which dice are shaken by hand and from which they are thrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device used for dicing food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dickey", + "dickie", + "dicky", + "shirtfront" + ], + "it": [ + "pettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's detachable insert (usually starched) to simulate the front of a shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dickey", + "dickie", + "dicky", + "dickey-seat", + "dickie-seat", + "dicky-seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small third seat in the back of an old-fashioned two-seater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diclofenac potassium", + "Cataflam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Cataflam)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diclofenac sodium", + "Voltaren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Voltaren) that is administered only orally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicloxacillin", + "Dynapen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial (trade name Dynapen) used to treat staphylococcal infections that are resistant to penicillin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dictaphone" + ], + "it": [ + "dictafono", + "dittafono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tape recorder that records and reproduces dictation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicumarol", + "dicoumarol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticoagulant drug that has now been largely replaced by warfarin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used for shaping metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutting tool that is fitted into a diestock and used for cutting male (external) screw threads on screws or bolts or pipes or rods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diesel", + "diesel engine", + "diesel motor" + ], + "it": [ + "diesel", + "littorina", + "motore diesel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine that burns heavy oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diesel-electric locomotive", + "diesel-electric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive driven by the electric current generated by a diesel engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diesel-hydraulic locomotive", + "diesel-hydraulic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive driven by a hydraulic transmission system powered by a diesel engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diesel locomotive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive driven by a diesel engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diestock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that holds the dies that cut external threads on metal cylinders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diethylstilbesterol", + "DES", + "stilbesterol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthetic nonsteroid with the properties of estrogen; formerly used to treat menstrual problems but was found to be associated with vaginal cancers in the daughters of women so treated during pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential analyzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analog computer designed to solve differential equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential gear", + "differential" + ], + "it": [ + "differenziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bevel gear that permits rotation of two shafts at different speeds; used on the rear axle of automobiles to allow wheels to rotate at different speeds on curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffraction grating", + "grating" + ], + "it": [ + "reticolo di diffrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device consisting of a surface with many parallel grooves in it; disperses a beam of light (or other electromagnetic radiation) into its wavelengths to produce its spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffuser", + "diffusor" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device that distributes the light of a lamp evenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffuser", + "diffusor" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baffle that distributes sound waves evenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diflunisal", + "Dolobid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (trade name Dolobid) used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autoclave consisting of a vessel in which plant or animal materials are digested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diggings", + "digs", + "domiciliation", + "lodgings", + "pad" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggio", + "dimora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary living quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diggings", + "digs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excavation for ore or precious stones or for archaeology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital-analog converter", + "digital-to-analog converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for converting digital signals into analogue signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital audiotape", + "DAT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digital tape recording of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera that encodes an image digitally and store it for later reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock that displays the time of day digitally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer that represents information by numerical (binary) digits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital display", + "alphanumeric display" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display that gives the information in the form of characters (numbers or letters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital plethysmograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plethysmograph applied to a digit of the hand or foot to measure skin blood flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital subscriber line", + "DSL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generic name for digital lines that are provided by telephone companies to their local subscribers and that carry data at high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital voltmeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic voltmeter that gives readings in digits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch with a digital display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitizer", + "digitiser", + "analog-digital converter", + "analog-to-digital converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for converting analogue signals into digital signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digitalis preparation used to treat congestive heart failure or cardiac arrhythmia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digoxin", + "Lanoxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digitalis preparation (trade name Lanoxin) used to treat congestive heart failure or cardiac arrhythmia; helps the heart beat more forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dihydrostreptomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic consisting of a hydrogenated form of streptomycin; used against tuberculosis and tularemia and Gram-negative organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilator", + "dilater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument that is used to dilate or distend an opening or an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes dilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dildo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vibrating device that substitutes for an erect penis to provide vaginal stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diltiazem", + "Cardizem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calcium blocker (trade name Cardizem) used in treating hypertension or angina or heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dime bag", + "dime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street name for a packet of illegal drugs that is sold for ten dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimenhydrinate", + "Dramamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine and antiemetic (trade name Dramamine) used to treat motion sickness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dimetapp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a drug containing an antihistamine and a decongestant; used to relieve nasal congestion and to treat rhinitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong cotton fabric with a raised pattern; used for bedcovers and curtains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimmer" + ], + "it": [ + "reostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rheostat that varies the current through an electric light in order to control the level of illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diner" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola calda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant that resembles a dining car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small area off of a kitchen that is used for dining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinghy", + "dory", + "rowboat" + ], + "it": [ + "battello", + "battello pneumatico", + "canotto", + "deriva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small boat of shallow draft with cross thwarts for seats and rowlocks for oars with which it is propelled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinky", + "dinkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining area" + ], + "it": [ + "zona pranzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area arranged for dining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining car", + "diner", + "dining compartment", + "buffet car" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozza ristorante", + "vagone ristorante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger car where food is served in transit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining-hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large room at a college or university; used especially for dining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining room", + "dining-room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala da pranzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room used for dining" + ], + "it": [ + "una stanza usata per pranzare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining-room furniture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture intended for use in a dining room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining-room table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dining-room furniture consisting of a table on which meals can be served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining table", + "board" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola da pranzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table at which meals are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell rung to announce that dinner has been served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner dress", + "dinner gown", + "formal", + "evening gown" + ], + "it": [ + "vestito da sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gown for evening wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner jacket", + "tux", + "tuxedo", + "black tie" + ], + "it": [ + "dinner jacket", + "smoking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semiformal evening dress for men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner napkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large napkin used when dinner is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner pail", + "dinner bucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pail in which a workman carries his lunch or dinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner plate" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate from which a diner eats during the main course of a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner service", + "dinner set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table service for serving dinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dining table where dinner is served and eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner theater", + "dinner theatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theater at which dinner is included in the price of admission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinnerware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tableware (plates and platters and serving bowls etc.) used in serving a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diode", + "semiconductor diode", + "junction rectifier", + "crystal rectifier" + ], + "it": [ + "diodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiconductor that consists of a p-n junction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diode", + "rectifying tube", + "rectifying valve" + ], + "it": [ + "diodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermionic tube having two electrodes; used as a rectifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candle that is made by repeated dipping in a pool of wax or tallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphenhydramine", + "Benadryl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine (trade name Benadryl) used to treat allergic reactions involving the nasal passages (hay fever) and also to treat motion sickness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphenylhydantoin", + "phenytoin", + "Dilantin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticonvulsant drug (trade name Dilantin) used to treat epilepsy and that is not a sedative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphenylbutyl piperidine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of antipsychotic drugs used mainly in the treatment of schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government building in which diplomats live or work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mail pouch that is sealed shut and that is used to carry communications between a legation and its home office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipole", + "dipole antenna" + ], + "it": [ + "dipolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aerial half a wavelength long consisting of two rods connected to a transmission line at the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipper" + ], + "it": [ + "mestola", + "mestolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladle that has a cup with a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduated rod dipped into a container to indicate the fluid level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DIP switch", + "dual inline package switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) one of a set of small on-off switches mounted in computer hardware; used in place of jumpers to configure the machine for a user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diptych" + ], + "it": [ + "dittico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting or carving (especially an altarpiece) on two panels (usually hinged like a book)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directional antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antenna that transmits or receives signals only in a narrow angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directional microphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microphone that is designed to receive sound from a particular direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direction finder" + ], + "it": [ + "radiogoniometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radio; determines the direction of incoming radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively long dagger with a straight blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirndl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress with a tight bodice and full skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirndl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full skirt with a gathered waistband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirt track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack that is not paved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atom bomb that leaves considerable radioactive contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that generates light by a discharge between two electrodes in a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe through which fluids can be discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disco", + "discotheque" + ], + "it": [ + "discoteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public dance hall for dancing to recorded popular music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount house", + "discount store", + "discounter", + "wholesale house" + ], + "it": [ + "casa di sconto", + "discount", + "istituto di sconto", + "discount house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sales outlet offering goods at a discounted price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discus", + "saucer" + ], + "it": [ + "disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disk used in throwing competitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disguise" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any attire that modifies the appearance in order to conceal the wearer's identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish", + "dish aerial", + "dish antenna", + "saucer" + ], + "it": [ + "antenna parabolica", + "parabola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directional antenna consisting of a parabolic reflector for microwave or radio frequency radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishpan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pan for washing dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for holding dishes as dishwater drains off of them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishrag", + "dishcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "canavaccio", + "canovaccio", + "strofinaccio", + "strofinaccio dei piatti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth for washing dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishtowel", + "dish towel", + "tea towel" + ], + "it": [ + "canavaccio", + "canovaccio", + "strofinaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a towel for drying dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishwasher", + "dish washer", + "dishwashing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "lavapiatti", + "lavastoviglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for washing dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishwasher detergent", + "dishwashing detergent", + "dishwashing liquid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-sudsing detergent designed for use in dishwashers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinfectant", + "germicide", + "antimicrobic", + "antimicrobial" + ], + "it": [ + "battericida", + "disinfettante", + "germicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent (as heat or radiation or a chemical) that destroys microorganisms that might carry disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk", + "disc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat circular plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk access" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso al disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory access to the computer disk on which information is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk brake", + "disc brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic brake in which friction is applied to both sides of a spinning disk by the brake pads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk cache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cache that stores copies of frequently used disk sectors in random access memory (RAM) so they can be read without accessing the slower disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friction clutch in which the frictional surfaces are disks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk controller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a circuit or chip that translates commands into a form that can control a hard disk drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk drive", + "disc drive", + "hard drive", + "Winchester drive" + ], + "it": [ + "disk drive", + "unità a dischi magnetici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer hardware that holds and spins a magnetic or optical disk and reads and writes information on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diskette", + "floppy", + "floppy disk" + ], + "it": [ + "dischetto", + "floppy disk", + "minidisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff envelope with a radial slit; used to store data or programs for a microcomputer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk harrow", + "disc harrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harrow with a series of disks set on edge at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch case", + "dispatch box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "case consisting of an oblong container (usually having a lock) for carrying dispatches or other valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispensary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clinic where medicine and medical supplies are dispensed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispenser" + ], + "it": [ + "distributore", + "dosatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container so designed that the contents can be used in prescribed amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display", + "presentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual representation of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display", + "video display" + ], + "it": [ + "display", + "video" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that represents information in visual form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display adapter", + "display adaptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) an electronic device that converts information in memory to video output to a display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display panel", + "display board", + "board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical surface on which information can be displayed to public view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display window", + "shop window", + "shopwindow", + "show window" + ], + "it": [ + "mostra", + "vetrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window of a store facing onto the street; used to display merchandise for sale in the store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item that can be disposed of after it has been used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposal", + "electric pig", + "garbage disposal" + ], + "it": [ + "tritarifiuti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance for disposing of garbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrupting explosive", + "bursting explosive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high explosive that is used to damage the target that is under attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distaff" + ], + "it": [ + "conocchia", + "rocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the staff on which wool or flax is wound before spinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distemper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting created with paint that is made by mixing the pigments with water and a binder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distemper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint made by mixing the pigments with water and a binder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distillery", + "still" + ], + "it": [ + "distilleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant and works where alcoholic drinks are made by distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor", + "distributer", + "electrical distributor" + ], + "it": [ + "distributore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device that distributes voltage to the spark plugs of a gasoline engine in the order of the firing sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor cam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cam inside the distributor that rotates to contact spark plug terminals in the correct order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cap of the distributor that holds in place the wires from the distributor to the spark plugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i52999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor housing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the housing that supports the distributor cam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor point", + "breaker point", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contact in the distributor; as the rotor turns its projecting arm contacts them and current flows to the spark plugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disulfiram", + "Antabuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Antabuse) used in the treatment of alcoholism; causes nausea and vomiting if alcohol is ingested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch" + ], + "it": [ + "affossatura", + "cunetta", + "fossato", + "fosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow excavation in the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch spade", + "long-handled spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spade with a long handle for digging narrow ditches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditty bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kit used by sailors and soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diuretic drug", + "diuretic", + "water pill" + ], + "it": [ + "diuretico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that tends to increase the flow of urine, which causes the body to get rid of excess water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long backless sofa (usually with pillows against a wall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divan", + "diwan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim council chamber or law court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive bomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomber that releases its bombs during a steep dive toward the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverging lens", + "concave lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens such that a parallel beam of light passing through it is caused to diverge or spread out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divided highway", + "dual carriageway" + ], + "it": [ + "strada a doppia carreggiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highway divided down the middle by a barrier that separates traffic going in different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drafting instrument resembling a compass that is used for dividing lines into equal segments or for transferring measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving bell" + ], + "it": [ + "campana subacquea", + "campana da palombaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diving apparatus for underwater work; has an open bottom and is supplied with compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving board" + ], + "it": [ + "trampolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a springboard from which swimmers can dive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divining rod", + "dowser", + "dowsing rod", + "waterfinder", + "water finder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forked stick that is said to dip down to indicate underground water or oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving suit", + "diving dress" + ], + "it": [ + "scafandro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weighted and hermetically sealed garment supplied with air; worn by underwater divers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dixie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large metal pot (12 gallon camp kettle) for cooking; used in military camps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dixie cup", + "paper cup" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchere di carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposable cup made of paper; for holding drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock", + "dockage", + "docking facility" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino", + "darsena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "landing in a harbor next to a pier where ships are loaded and unloaded or repaired; may have gates to let water in or out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ], + "it": [ + "banco degli imputati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure in a court of law where the defendant sits during the trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock", + "loading dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform where trucks or trains can be loaded or unloaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "document" + ], + "it": [ + "documento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doeskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine smooth soft woolen fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogcart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cart drawn by a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collar for a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doggie bag", + "doggy bag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag for food that a customer did not eat at a restaurant; the transparent pretense is that the food is taken home to feed the customer's dog" + ], + "it": [ + "sacchetto per gli avanzi da portare a casa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogleg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf hole with a sharp angle in the fairway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogsled", + "dog sled", + "dog sleigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sled pulled by dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogtooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carved pyramidal ornament; used in 13th century England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with a handle shaped like a crank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doodad", + "doohickey", + "doojigger", + "gimmick", + "gizmo", + "gismo", + "gubbins", + "thingamabob", + "thingumabob", + "thingmabob", + "thingamajig", + "thingumajig", + "thingmajig", + "thingummy", + "whatchamacallit", + "whatchamacallum", + "whatsis", + "widget" + ], + "it": [ + "coso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something unspecified whose name is either forgotten or not known" + ], + "it": [ + "l'oggetto di cui non ci si ricorda il nome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doily", + "doyley", + "doyly" + ], + "it": [ + "centrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round piece of linen placed under a dish or bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doll", + "dolly" + ], + "it": [ + "bambola", + "bambolina", + "bambolotto", + "fantoccio", + "pupattola", + "pupazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small replica of a person; used as a toy" + ], + "it": [ + "riproduzione in piccolo di una persona", + "usata come giocattolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollhouse", + "doll's house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small model of a house used as a toy by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollhouse", + "doll's house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house so small that it is likened to a child's plaything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolly" + ], + "it": [ + "dolly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance consisting of a wheeled platform for moving heavy objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolly" + ], + "it": [ + "carrello", + "dolly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance consisting of a wheeled support on which a camera can be mounted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's cloak with dolman sleeves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolman", + "dolman jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "doliman", + "dolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hussar's jacket worn over the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolman sleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeve with a large armhole and tight cuff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolmen", + "cromlech", + "portal tomb" + ], + "it": [ + "dolmen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prehistoric megalithic tomb typically having two large upright stones and a capstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphin striker", + "martingale" + ], + "it": [ + "pennaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spar under the bowsprit of a sailboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dome" + ], + "it": [ + "cupola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hemispherical roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dome", + "domed stadium", + "covered stadium" + ], + "it": [ + "palasport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stadium that has a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rectangular block used in playing the game of dominoes; the face of each block has two equal areas that can bear 0 to 6 dots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domino", + "half mask", + "eye mask" + ], + "it": [ + "bautta", + "mascherina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mask covering the upper part of the face but with holes for the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domino" + ], + "it": [ + "bautta", + "domino", + "tessera del domino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose hooded cloak worn with a half mask as part of a masquerade costume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dongle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) an electronic device that must be attached to a computer in order for it to use protected software" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donkey jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short thick jacket; often worn by workmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doodlebug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "door" + ], + "it": [ + "porta", + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "serramneto applicato all'apertura nel muro, serve ad aprire o chiudere il passaggio e mettere in comunicazione due ambienti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "door" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room that is entered via a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorbell", + "bell", + "buzzer" + ], + "it": [ + "campanello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorframe", + "doorcase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frame that supports a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorjamb", + "doorpost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jamb for a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorknob", + "doorhandle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "maniglia della porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knob used to release the catch when opening a door (often called `doorhandle' in Great Britain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock on an exterior door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doormat", + "welcome mat" + ], + "it": [ + "nettapiedi", + "stoino", + "stuoino", + "zerbino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mat placed outside an exterior door for wiping the shoes before entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doornail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nail with a large head; formerly used to decorate doors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nameplate fastened to a door; indicates the person who works or lives there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorsill", + "doorstep", + "threshold" + ], + "it": [ + "limitare", + "soglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sill of a door; a horizontal piece of wood or stone that forms the bottom of a doorway and offers support when passing through a doorway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorstop", + "doorstopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop that keeps open doors from moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorway", + "door", + "room access", + "threshold" + ], + "it": [ + "porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura nel muro di un edificio o in una recinzione che consente l'entrata, l'uscita o il transito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dooryard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yard outside the front or rear door of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doppler radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radar that uses the Doppler shift to measure velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormer", + "dormer window" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaino", + "lucernaio", + "mansarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gabled extension built out from a sloping roof to accommodate a vertical window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormer window" + ], + "it": [ + "mansarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the window in a gabled extension built to accommodate a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormitory", + "dorm", + "residence hall", + "hall", + "student residence" + ], + "it": [ + "sala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college or university building containing living quarters for students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dormitory", + "dormitory room", + "dorm room" + ], + "it": [ + "camerata", + "dormitorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sleeping room containing several beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dose", + "dosage" + ], + "it": [ + "cartina", + "dose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dosemeter", + "dosimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring doses of ionizing radiation (X-rays or radioactivity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dossal", + "dossel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental hanging of rich fabric hung behind the altar of a church or at the sides of a chancel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot matrix printer", + "matrix printer", + "dot printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that represents each character as a pattern of dots from a dot matrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double bed" + ], + "it": [ + "letto a due piazze", + "letto matrimoniale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed wide enough to accommodate two sleepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-bitted ax", + "double-bitted axe", + "Western ax", + "Western axe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ax that has cutting edges on both sides of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double boiler", + "double saucepan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two saucepans, one fitting inside the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-breasted jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jacket having fronts that overlap enough for two separate rows of buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-breasted suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit with a double-breasted jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinch with two loops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double crochet", + "double stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of crochet stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two vertical doors that meet in the middle of the door frame when closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double glazing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window with two panes of glass and a space between them; reduces heat and noise transmission through the window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-hung window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window having two sashes that slide up and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double knit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knit fabric similar to jersey that is made with two sets of needles producing a double thickness joined by interlocking stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-prop", + "double-propeller plane", + "twin-prop", + "twin-propeller-plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a propeller plane with an engine that drives two propellers in opposite directions (for stability)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that doubles the voltage or the frequency of an input signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of joined reeds that vibrate together to produce the sound in some woodwinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-reed instrument", + "double reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodwind that has a pair of joined reeds that vibrate together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doublet" + ], + "it": [ + "farsetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's close-fitting jacket; worn during the Renaissance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubletree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crossbar on a wagon or carriage to which two whiffletrees are attached in order to harness two horses abreast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douche", + "douche bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small syringe with detachable nozzles; used for vaginal lavage and enemas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dovecote", + "columbarium", + "columbary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a birdhouse for pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dover's powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal powder made essentially of ipecac and opium; formerly used to relieve pain and induce perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dovetail", + "dovetail joint" + ], + "it": [ + "incastro a coda di rondine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortise joint formed by interlocking tenons and mortises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dovetail plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworking plane designed to make the grooves for dovetail joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowel", + "dowel pin", + "joggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener that is inserted into holes in two adjacent pieces and holds them together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ventilation shaft through which air enters a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downstage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front half of the stage (as seen from the audience)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxazosin", + "Cardura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihypertensive drug (trade name Cardura) that works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood passes through them more easily; it is also used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxepin", + "doxepin hydrochloride", + "Adapin", + "Sinequan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant (trade names Adapin and Sinequan) with numerous side effects (dry mouth and sedation and gastrointestinal disturbances)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxorubicin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic used as an anticancer drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxycycline", + "Vibramycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic derived from tetracycline that is effective against many infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DPT vaccine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abbreviation for combination vaccine against diphtheria and pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus toxoids; usually given in a series of injections in early childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draught" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dose of liquid medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "rough drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary sketch of a design or picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafting board", + "drawing board" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo da disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth board on which paper is placed for making drawings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafting instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used by a draftsman in making drawings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafting table", + "drawing table" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnigrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worktable with adjustable top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is conventionally worn by the opposite sex (especially women's clothing when worn by a man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pill that is a sugar-coated medicated candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dragunov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sniper rifle with a telescopic sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain", + "drainpipe", + "waste pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "gola", + "scarico", + "scolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe through which liquid is carried away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tube inserted into a body cavity (as during surgery) to remove unwanted material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drainage ditch" + ], + "it": [ + "borro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ditch for carrying off excess water or sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drainage system" + ], + "it": [ + "fognatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of watercourses or drains for carrying off excess water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter in a sink drain; traps debris but passes water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drainboard", + "draining board" + ], + "it": [ + "piano del lavello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board beside a kitchen sink and inclined to drain into the sink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drainplug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable plug for holding water in a tub or basin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sterile covering arranged over a patient's body during a medical examination or during surgery in order to reduce the possibility of contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drapery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth gracefully draped and arranged in loose folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card or cards dealt or taken from the pack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "lot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawbar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong metal bar bearing a hook to attach something to be pulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawbridge", + "lift bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte levatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge that can be raised to block passage or to allow boats or ships to pass beneath it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawer" + ], + "it": [ + "cassetto", + "tiretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxlike container in a piece of furniture; made so as to slide in and out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawers", + "underdrawers", + "shorts", + "boxers", + "boxershorts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underpants worn by men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing" + ], + "it": [ + "disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of forms or objects on a surface by means of lines" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione di cose, persone, luoghi, figure realizzata mediante linee e segni tracciati con matite, pastelli ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing card", + "loss leader", + "leader" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo civetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a featured article of merchandise sold at a loss in order to draw customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing chalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colored chalks used by artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing room", + "withdrawing room" + ], + "it": [ + "salotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal room where visitors can be received and entertained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private compartment on a sleeping car with three bunks and a toilet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawknife", + "drawshave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworker's knife to shave surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawnwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental needlework done by drawing threads to form lacelike patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawstring", + "drawing string", + "string" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone", + "legaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tie consisting of a cord that goes through a seam around an opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawstring bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag that is closed at the top with a drawstring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dray", + "camion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low heavy horse cart without sides; used for haulage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dreadnought", + "dreadnaught" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battleship that has big guns all of the same caliber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredge" + ], + "it": [ + "draga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power shovel to remove material from a channel or riverbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredger" + ], + "it": [ + "draga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barge (or a vessel resembling a barge) that is used for dredging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredging bucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bucket for lifting material from a channel or riverbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "frock" + ], + "it": [ + "vestito", + "abito", + "toilette", + "veste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-piece garment for a woman; has skirt and bodice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress blues", + "dress whites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress uniform for formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dresser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cabinet with shelves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress hat", + "high hat", + "opera hat", + "silk hat", + "stovepipe", + "top hat", + "topper", + "beaver" + ], + "it": [ + "cilindro", + "tuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's hat with a tall crown; usually covered with silk or with beaver fur" + ], + "it": [ + "copricapo da cerimonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing", + "medical dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "medicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth covering for a wound or sore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of luggage for carrying brushes and bottles and toilet articles while traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing gown", + "robe-de-chambre", + "lounging robe" + ], + "it": [ + "vestaglia", + "veste da camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a robe worn before dressing or while lounging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing room" + ], + "it": [ + "camerino", + "spogliatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which you can change clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing sack", + "dressing sacque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's loose jacket; worn while dressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing station", + "aid station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a station located near a combat area for giving first aid to the wounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing table", + "dresser", + "vanity", + "toilet table" + ], + "it": [ + "toilette", + "toletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low table with mirror or mirrors where one sits while dressing or applying makeup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack used primarily to display dresses for sale in a store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress shirt", + "evening shirt" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia da sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's white shirt (with a starch front) for evening wear (usually with a tuxedo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress suit", + "full dress", + "tailcoat", + "tail coat", + "tails", + "white tie", + "white tie and tails" + ], + "it": [ + "abito da cerimonia", + "frac", + "marsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formalwear consisting of full evening dress for men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress uniform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military uniform worn on formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift", + "heading", + "gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal (or nearly horizontal) passageway in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fishnet supported by floats; it drifts with the current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill" + ], + "it": [ + "trapano", + "perforatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool with a sharp point and cutting edges for making holes in hard materials (usually rotating rapidly or by repeated blows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating power drill powered by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drilling bit", + "drill bit" + ], + "it": [ + "fioretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit used in drilling for oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drilling pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of tubes (joined by screwed collars) that connect a drilling platform to the drilling bit; rotates the bit and supplies drilling mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drilling platform", + "offshore rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drilling rig consisting of an offshore platform (floating or fixed to the sea bed) from which many oil wells can be bored radially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine tool with a separate, upright stand; an electric drill is pressed into the work automatically or with a hand lever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill rig", + "drilling rig", + "oilrig", + "oil rig" + ], + "it": [ + "torre di perforazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rig used in drilling for oil or gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace that is the site of a drill hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking fountain", + "water fountain", + "bubbler" + ], + "it": [ + "fontanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public fountain to provide a jet of drinking water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking vessel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel intended for drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip", + "drip mold", + "drip mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a projection from a cornice or sill designed to protect the area below from rainwater (as over a window or doorway)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a downward hanging loop in a line that runs to a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small mat placed under a glass to protect a surface from condensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pan under a refrigerator for collecting liquid waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dripping pan", + "drip pan" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiotta", + "leccarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pan for catching drippings under roasting meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip pot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coffeepot for making drip coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dripstone", + "hoodmold", + "hoodmould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective drip that is made of stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "parkway" + ], + "it": [ + "viale alberato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide scenic road planted with trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism by which force or power is transmitted in a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a device that writes data onto or reads data from a storage medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any installation designed to accommodate patrons in their automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive line", + "drive line system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanism that transmits power from the engine to the driving wheels of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driven well", + "tube well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well made by driving a tube into the earth to a stratum that bears water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver", + "number one wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf club (a wood) with a near vertical face that is used for hitting long shots from the tee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driveshaft" + ], + "it": [ + "semiasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating shaft that transmits power from the engine to the point of application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driveway", + "drive", + "private road" + ], + "it": [ + "strada privata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road leading up to a private house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driving belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt that carries motion from a motor to the machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driving iron", + "one iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the long iron with the most nearly vertical face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driving wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that drives a motor vehicle (transforms torque into a tractive force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drixoral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trade name for a drug used to treat upper respiratory congestion; it contains an antihistamine and a bronchodilator and a vasoconstrictor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drogue", + "drogue chute", + "drogue parachute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parachute used to decelerate an object that is moving rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drogue parachute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small parachute that pulls the main parachute from its storage pack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dronabinol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychoactive substance present in marijuana; used therapeutically to control nausea associated with cancer therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drone", + "drone pipe", + "bourdon" + ], + "it": [ + "bordone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe of the bagpipe that is tuned to produce a single continuous tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drone", + "pilotless aircraft", + "radio-controlled aircraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft without a pilot that is operated by remote control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central depository where things can be left or picked up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunt pointed arch drawn from two centers within the span" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large piece of cloth laid over the floor or furniture while a room is being painted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop curtain", + "drop cloth", + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "sipario", + "telone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curtain that can be lowered and raised onto a stage from the flies; often used as background scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop forge", + "drop hammer", + "drop press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for making large forgings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop-leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged leaf on a table that can be raised and supported by a bracket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop-leaf table" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table that has a drop-leaf to enlarge its surface" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo con piano ribaltabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropper", + "eye dropper" + ], + "it": [ + "contagocce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pipet consisting of a small tube with a vacuum bulb at one end for drawing liquid in and releasing it a drop at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "droshky", + "drosky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open horse-drawn carriage with four wheels; formerly used in Poland and Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drove", + "drove chisel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stonemason's chisel with a broad edge for dressing stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug" + ], + "it": [ + "farmaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug cocktail", + "highly active antiretroviral therapy", + "HAART" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drugget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rug made of a coarse fabric having a cotton warp and a wool filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug of abuse", + "street drug" + ], + "it": [ + "droga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that is taken for nonmedicinal reasons (usually for mind-altering effects); drug abuse can lead to physical and mental damage and (with some substances) dependence and addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drugstore", + "apothecary's shop", + "chemist's", + "chemist's shop", + "pharmacy" + ], + "it": [ + "farmacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail shop where medicine and other articles are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum", + "membranophone", + "tympan" + ], + "it": [ + "tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical percussion instrument; usually consists of a hollow cylinder with a membrane stretched across each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum", + "metal drum" + ], + "it": [ + "bidone", + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical metal container used for shipping or storage of liquids" + ], + "it": [ + "recipiente metallico di grandi dimensioni, per contenere liquidi, specialmente derivati del petrolio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum brake" + ], + "it": [ + "freno a tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic brake in which friction is applied to the inside of a spinning drum by the brake shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumhead", + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane that is stretched taut over a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line printer in which the type is mounted on a rotating drum that contains a full character set for each printing position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum sander", + "electric sander", + "sander", + "smoother" + ], + "it": [ + "smerigliatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool used for sanding wood; an endless loop of sandpaper is moved at high speed by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumstick" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta", + "bacchetta del tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick used for playing a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voltaic battery consisting of two or more dry cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-bulb thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordinary thermometer with a dry bulb; used to measure the air temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small Leclanche cell containing no free liquid; the electrolyte is a paste and the negative zinc pole forms the container of the cell; used in flashlights, portable radios, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry dock", + "drydock", + "graving dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dock from which water can be pumped out; used for building ships or for repairing a ship below its waterline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dryer", + "drier" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugatoio", + "casco", + "essiccatoio", + "essiccatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appliance that removes moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fly (fisherman's lure) that skims the surface of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drygoods", + "soft goods" + ], + "it": [ + "teleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "textiles or clothing and related merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry kiln" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiln for drying and seasoning lumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry masonry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masonry without mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry point" + ], + "it": [ + "puntasecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel needle for engraving without acid on a bare copper plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry point" + ], + "it": [ + "puntasecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print produced by dry point engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry wall", + "dry-stone wall" + ], + "it": [ + "muro a secco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone wall made with stones fitted together without mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dual scan display" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of passive matrix display in which the top and bottom half of the screen are refreshed simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dubbing" + ], + "it": [ + "doppiaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new soundtrack that is added to a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy cotton fabric of plain weave; used for clothing and tents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boardwalk laid across muddy ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling pin that is short and squat by comparison with a tenpin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duct" + ], + "it": [ + "canale", + "condotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed conduit for a fluid" + ], + "it": [ + "tubazione, conduttura per lo scorrimento e l'utilizzazione delle acque o di altri liquidi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duct tape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide silvery adhesive tape intended to seal joints in sheet metal duct work but having many other uses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dudeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clay pipe with a short stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duffel", + "duffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse heavy woolen fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duffel bag", + "duffle bag", + "duffel", + "duffle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cylindrical bag of heavy cloth; for carrying personal belongings" + ], + "it": [ + "sacca da viaggio di tela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duffel coat", + "duffle coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm coat made of duffel; usually has a hood and fastens with toggles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dugout" + ], + "it": [ + "panchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two low shelters on either side of a baseball diamond where the players and coaches sit during the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dugout canoe", + "dugout", + "pirogue" + ], + "it": [ + "piroga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canoe made by hollowing out and shaping a large log" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duke University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Durham, North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dulciana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organ stop having a tone of soft sweet string quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dulcimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trapezoidal zither whose metal strings are struck with light hammers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dulcimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument used in American folk music; an elliptical body and a fretted fingerboard and three strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumbbell" + ], + "it": [ + "manubrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercising weight; two spheres connected by a short bar that serves as a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumb bomb", + "gravity bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that falls because of gravity and is not guided to a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumbwaiter", + "food elevator" + ], + "it": [ + "calapranzi", + "montavivande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small elevator used to convey food (or other goods) from one floor of a building to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumdum", + "dumdum bullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft-nosed small-arms bullet that expands when it hits a target and causes a gaping wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dummy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure representing the human form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where supplies can be stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumpcart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cart that can be tilted to empty contents without handling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dumpster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container designed to receive and transport and dump waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump truck", + "dumper", + "tipper truck", + "tipper lorry", + "tip truck", + "tipper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "autocarro con cassone ribaltabile", + "camion ribaltabile", + "autocarro ribaltabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "truck whose contents can be emptied without handling; the front end of the platform can be pneumatically raised so that the load is discharged by gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dumpy level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surveyor's level having a short telescope fixed to a horizontally rotating table and a spirit level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunce cap", + "dunce's cap", + "fool's cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cone-shaped paper hat formerly placed on the head of slow or lazy pupils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dune buggy", + "beach buggy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreational vehicle with large tires used on beaches or sand dunes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dungeon" + ], + "it": [ + "maschio", + "mastio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark cell (usually underground) where prisoners can be confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplex apartment", + "duplex" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "appartamento su due piani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment having rooms on two floors that are connected by a staircase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplex house", + "duplex", + "semidetached house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house with two units sharing a common wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplicate", + "duplication" + ], + "it": [ + "doppione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy that corresponds to an original exactly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplicator", + "copier" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclostile", + "ciclostilo", + "copiatrice", + "duplicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus that makes copies of typed, written or drawn material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durables", + "durable goods", + "consumer durables" + ], + "it": [ + "bene durevole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consumer goods that are not destroyed by use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durbar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the room in the palace of a native prince of India in which audiences and receptions occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust bag", + "vacuum bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag into which dirt is sucked by a vacuum cleaner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dustcloth", + "dustrag", + "duster" + ], + "it": [ + "canavaccio", + "canovaccio", + "cencio", + "straccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth used for dusting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable plastic protective covering for a piece of equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust cover", + "dust sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large piece of cloth used to cover furniture that is not in use for a long period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duster", + "gaberdine", + "gabardine", + "smock", + "dust coat" + ], + "it": [ + "blusa", + "camiciotto", + "spolverina", + "spolverino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose coverall (coat or frock) reaching down to the ankles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dustmop", + "dust mop", + "dry mop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry swab for dusting floors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dustpan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short-handled receptacle into which dust can be swept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch door", + "half door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exterior door divided in two horizontally; either half can be closed or open independently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch oven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oven consisting of a metal box for cooking in front of a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch oven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron or earthenware cooking pot; used for stews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwelling", + "home", + "domicile", + "abode", + "habitation", + "dwelling house" + ], + "it": [ + "abitazione", + "casa", + "dimora", + "magione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing that someone is living in" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura abitativa che si adotta a propria dimora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dye-works" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workshop where dyeing is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamite" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive containing nitrate sensitized with nitroglycerin absorbed on wood pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamo" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generator consisting of a coil (the armature) that rotates between the poles of an electromagnet (the field magnet) causing a current to flow in the armature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamometer", + "ergometer" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument designed to measure power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eames chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair designed by Charles Eames; originally made of molded plywood; seat and back shaped to fit the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earflap", + "earlap" + ], + "it": [ + "paraorecchie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two flaps attached to a cap to keep the ears warm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (as in a helmet) for sound to reach the ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early warning radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radar that is part of an early warning system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early warning system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema di preallarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of radar installations designed to detect enemy missiles or aircraft while there is still time to intercept them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earmuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of ear coverings (usually connected by a headband) that are worn to keep the ears warm in cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earphone", + "earpiece", + "headphone", + "phone" + ], + "it": [ + "auricolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electro-acoustic transducer for converting electric signals into sounds; it is held over or inserted into the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earplug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plug of cotton, wax, or rubber that is fitted into the ear canal for protection against the entry of water or loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earplug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earphone that is inserted into the ear canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earring" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jewelry to ornament the ear; usually clipped to the earlobe or fastened through a hole in the lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthenware" + ], + "it": [ + "coccio", + "terra cotta", + "terracotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceramic ware made of porous clay fired at low heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthen rampart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easel" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright tripod for displaying something (usually an artist's canvas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easy chair", + "lounge chair", + "overstuffed chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comfortable upholstered armchair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eaves" + ], + "it": [ + "gronda", + "grondaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the overhang at the lower edge of a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecce homo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation (a picture or sculpture) of Jesus wearing a crown of thorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiastical attire", + "ecclesiastical robe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attire that is appropriate to wear in a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echelon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diffraction grating consisting of a pile of plates of equal thickness arranged stepwise with a constant offset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovolo molding between the shaft and the abacus of a Doric column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echocardiograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonograph that creates an image of the heart and its abnormalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echoencephalograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonograph that creates an image of the brain and its abnormalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed space for producing reverberation of a sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo", + "spigolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp side formed by the intersection of two surfaces of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge" + ], + "it": [ + "bordo", + "margine", + "lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outside limit of an object or area or surface; a place farthest away from the center of something" + ], + "it": [ + "parte estrema di una superficie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden tool for cutting grass around the edges of a yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cutting tool with a sharp cutting edge (as a chisel or knife or plane or gouge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edging" + ], + "it": [ + "bordura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "border consisting of anything placed on the edge to finish something (such as a fringe on clothing or on a rug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efficiency apartment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnished apartment with a kitchenette and bathroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effigy", + "image", + "simulacrum" + ], + "it": [ + "effige", + "effigie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg-and-dart", + "egg-and-anchor", + "egg-and-tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative molding; a series of egg-shaped figures alternating with another shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggbeater", + "eggwhisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixer for beating eggs or whipping cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggcup", + "egg cup" + ], + "it": [ + "portaovo", + "portauova", + "portauovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dishware consisting of a small cup for serving a boiled egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg timer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandglass that runs for three minutes; used to time the boiling of eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eiderdown", + "duvet", + "continental quilt" + ], + "it": [ + "piumino", + "piumone", + "trapunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft quilt usually filled with the down of the eider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eiffel Tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrought iron tower 300 meters high that was constructed in Paris in 1889; for many years it was the tallest man-made structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eight ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black pool ball bearing the number 8; should be the last to go in certain pool games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eightpenny nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nail 2.5 inches long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eight-spot", + "eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck with eight pips on the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejection seat", + "ejector seat", + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "seggiolino eiettabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pilot's seat in an airplane that can be forcibly ejected in the case of an emergency; then the pilot descends by parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastic" + ], + "it": [ + "elastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made of yarns containing an elastic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastic bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bandage containing stretchable material that can apply local pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastic device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any flexible device that will return to its original shape when stretched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elastoplast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elastic adhesive bandage for covering cuts or wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a sleeve that covers the elbow joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp bend in a road or river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a length of pipe with a sharp bend in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn over the elbow by football and hockey players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric", + "electric automobile", + "electric car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that is powered by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cable that provides an electrical connection for telephone or television or power stations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact that allows current to pass from one conductor to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "converter that converts alternating current into direct current or vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that produces or is powered by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment in a motor vehicle that provides electricity to start the engine and ignite the fuel and operate the lights and windshield wiper and heater and air conditioner and radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical system", + "electrical plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utility that provides electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell activated by the magnetic effect of an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric blanket" + ], + "it": [ + "termocoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blanket containing and electric heating element that can be controlled to the desired temperature by a rheostat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric chair", + "chair", + "death chair", + "hot seat" + ], + "it": [ + "sedia elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of execution by electrocution; resembles an ordinary seat for one person" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento per l'esecuzione delle condanne a morte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock using a small electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric-discharge lamp", + "gas-discharge lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric lamp in which the light comes from an electric discharge between two electrodes in a glass tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric fan", + "blower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan run by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric frying pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frying pan heated by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any furnace in which the heat is provided by an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric guitar" + ], + "it": [ + "chitarra elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guitar whose sound is amplified by electrical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hammer driven by electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric heater", + "electric fire" + ], + "it": [ + "stufa", + "stufa elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small electric space heater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp powered by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric locomotive" + ], + "it": [ + "elettromotrice", + "locomotore", + "locomotrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive that is powered by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric main" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a main that distributes electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric meter", + "power meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter for measuring the amount of electric power used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric mixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food mixer powered by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric motor" + ], + "it": [ + "elettromotore", + "motore elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor that converts electricity to mechanical work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric organ", + "electronic organ", + "Hammond organ", + "organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organo elettrico", + "organo hammond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) an electronic simulation of a pipe organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen range in which the heat for cooking is provided by electric power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric refrigerator", + "fridge" + ], + "it": [ + "frigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refrigerator in which the coolant is pumped around by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric socket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a socket into which a lightbulb can be inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric toothbrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toothbrush with an electric motor in the handle that vibrates the head of the brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric typewriter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typewriter powered by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electro-acoustic transducer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transducer that converts electrical to acoustic energy or vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrode" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conductor used to make electrical contact with some part of a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrodynamometer" + ], + "it": [ + "amperometro", + "elettrodinamometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument that uses the interaction of the magnetic fields of two coils to measure current or voltage or power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroencephalograph" + ], + "it": [ + "elettroencefalografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument that records electric currents generated by the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device used for etching by electrolytic means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for the electrical transmission of pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolytic", + "electrolytic capacitor", + "electrolytic condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed capacitor consisting of two electrodes separated by an electrolyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrolytic cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell containing an electrolyte in which an applied voltage causes a reaction to occur that would not occur otherwise (such as the breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnet" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrocalamita", + "elettromagnete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary magnet made by coiling wire around an iron core; when current flows in the coil the iron becomes a magnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic delay line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delay line based on the time of propagation of electromagnetic waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromechanical device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that is operated by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter to measure electrostatic voltage differences; draws no current from the source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromyograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument that records the electrical waves associated with the activity of skeletal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron accelerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collider that consists of an accelerator that collides electrons and positrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron gun" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettore elettronico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electrode that is the source of electrons in a cathode-ray tube or electron microscope; consists of a cathode that emits a stream of electrons and the electrostatic or electromagnetic apparatus that focuses it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balance that generates a current proportional to the displacement of the pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) converter for converting a signal from one frequency to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that accomplishes its purpose electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment that involves the controlled conduction of electrons (especially in a gas or vacuum or semiconductor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic fetal monitor", + "electronic foetal monitor", + "fetal monitor", + "foetal monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic monitor that monitors fetal heartbeat and the mother's uterine contractions during childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic instrument", + "electronic musical instrument" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument that generates sounds electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic voltmeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voltmeter whose sensitivity is increased by amplification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron microscope" + ], + "it": [ + "microscopio elettronico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons to illuminate the object instead of a beam of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron multiplier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacuum tube that amplifies a flow of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrophorus" + ], + "it": [ + "elettroforo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple electrostatic generator that generates repeated charges of static electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact that has been plated with a thin coat of metal by electrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroscope" + ], + "it": [ + "elettroscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument that detects electric charge; two gold leaves diverge owing to repulsion of charges with like sign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic generator", + "electrostatic machine", + "Wimshurst machine", + "Van de Graaff generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device that produces a high voltage by building up a charge of static electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that uses an electric charge to deposit toner on paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevated railway", + "elevated railroad", + "elevated", + "el", + "overhead railway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway that is powered by electricity and that runs on a track that is raised above the street level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevation" + ], + "it": [ + "alzata", + "alzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing of an exterior of a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "ascensore", + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lifting device consisting of a platform or cage that is raised and lowered mechanically in a vertical shaft in order to move people from one floor to another in a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator" + ], + "it": [ + "elevatore", + "equilibratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the airfoil on the tailplane of an aircraft that makes it ascend or descend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical shaft in a building to permit the passage of an elevator from floor to floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extension at the end and at right angles to the main building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elongation", + "extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addition to the length of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embankment" + ], + "it": [ + "argine", + "ciglione", + "terraglio", + "terrapieno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long artificial mound of stone or earth; built to hold back water or to support a road or as protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embassy" + ], + "it": [ + "ambasciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomatic building where ambassadors live or work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embellishment" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellimento", + "fiorettatura", + "fronzolo", + "imbellettatura", + "infiorettatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superfluous ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emblem" + ], + "it": [ + "emblema", + "immagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroidery", + "fancywork" + ], + "it": [ + "ricamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative needlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergency room", + "ER" + ], + "it": [ + "pronto soccorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a hospital or clinic staffed and equipped to provide emergency care to persons requiring immediate medical treatment" + ], + "it": [ + "reparto ospedaliero per le cure più urgenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emesis basin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basin used by bedridden patients for vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emetic", + "vomit", + "vomitive", + "nauseant" + ], + "it": [ + "emetico", + "vomitativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that induces nausea and vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emetrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an antiemetic drug that has a mint flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emitter" + ], + "it": [ + "catodo", + "emettitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electrode in a transistor where electrons originate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Empire State Building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skyscraper built in New York City in 1931; 1250 feet tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emplacement" + ], + "it": [ + "postazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military installation consisting of a prepared position for siting a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empty" + ], + "it": [ + "vuoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container that has been emptied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulsion", + "photographic emulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "emulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light-sensitive coating on paper or film; consists of fine grains of silver bromide suspended in a gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any smooth glossy coating that resembles ceramic glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paint that dries to a hard glossy finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamelware" + ], + "it": [ + "stoviglie smaltate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking utensil of enameled iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enalapril", + "Vasotec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ACE inhibitor (trade name Vasotec) that blocks the formation of angiotensin in the kidney and so results in vasodilation; administered after heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encainide", + "Enkaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Enkaid) used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias but increases the risk of sudden death in heart attack patients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encaustic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paint consisting of pigment mixed with melted beeswax; it is fixed with heat after application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalogram", + "pneumoencephalogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X ray of the brain made by replacing spinal fluid with a gas (usually oxygen) to improve contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclosure" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto", + "chiostra", + "chiusa", + "rinchiuso", + "recinzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure consisting of an area that has been enclosed for some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "remainder", + "remnant", + "oddment" + ], + "it": [ + "ritaglio", + "scampolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "endoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long slender medical instrument for examining the interior of a bodily organ or performing minor surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endotracheal tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catheter that is inserted into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to maintain an open air passage or to deliver oxygen or to permit the suctioning of mucus or to prevent aspiration of the stomach contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end product", + "output" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto finale", + "prodotto finito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final product; the things produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energizer", + "energiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that supplies electrical energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enflurane", + "Ethrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonflammable liquid (trade name Ethrane) used as an inhalation general anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engagement ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello di fidanzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring given and worn as a sign of betrothal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engine" + ], + "it": [ + "motore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work" + ], + "it": [ + "converte energia termica in lavoro meccanico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument or machine that is used in warfare, such as a battering ram, catapult, artillery piece, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engine block", + "cylinder block", + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco motore", + "monoblocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal casting containing the cylinders and cooling ducts of an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineering", + "engine room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala macchine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (as on a ship) in which the engine is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enginery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machinery consisting of engines collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English horn", + "cor anglais" + ], + "it": [ + "corno inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double-reed woodwind instrument similar to an oboe but lower in pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English saddle", + "English cavalry saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saddle having a steel cantle and pommel and no horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block or plate or other hard surface that has been engraved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engraving" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made from an engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlargement", + "blowup", + "magnification" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrandimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic print that has been enlarged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlarger" + ], + "it": [ + "ingranditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic equipment consisting of an optical projector used to enlarge a photograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enovid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing mestranol and norethynodrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensemble" + ], + "it": [ + "completo", + "coordinato", + "ensemble", + "insieme", + "parure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coordinated outfit (set of clothing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensign" + ], + "it": [ + "bandiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colors flown by a ship to show its nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entablature" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraornato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) the structure consisting of the part of a classical temple above the columns between a capital and the roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteric-coated aspirin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspirin that is treated to pass through the stomach unaltered and to dissolve in the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertainment center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall unit containing sound and television systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance", + "entranceway", + "entryway", + "entry", + "entree" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso", + "adito", + "entrata", + "ingresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that provides access (to get in or get out)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commodity that enters competition with established merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrenching tool", + "trenching spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand shovel carried by infantrymen for digging trenches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrenchment", + "intrenchment" + ], + "it": [ + "trinceramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrenched fortification; a position protected by trenches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wrapper or covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope" + ], + "it": [ + "busta", + "bustina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope", + "gasbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bag containing the gas in a balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude stone artifact (as a chipped flint); possibly the earliest tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epaulet", + "epaulette" + ], + "it": [ + "spallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adornment consisting of an ornamental cloth pad worn on the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epauliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fencing sword similar to a foil but with a heavier blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epergne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large table centerpiece with branching holders for fruit or sweets or flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicyclic train", + "epicyclic gear train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of epicyclic gears in which at least one wheel axis itself revolves about another fixed axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidiascope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical projector that gives images of both transparent and opaque objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilating wax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of resins and waxes to remove cosmetically undesirable hair; mixture is applied hot to the surface and after cooling is pulled away taking the hairs with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epsom salts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used with a singular noun) hydrated magnesium sulfate used as a laxative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal-area projection", + "equal-area map projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map projection in which quadrilaterals formed by meridians and parallels have an area on the map proportional to their area on the globe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equalizer", + "equaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "equalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that reduces frequency distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equatorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telescope whose mounting has only two axes of motion, one parallel to the Earth's axis and the other one at right angles to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equipment" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchiatura", + "armamentario", + "attrezzo", + "dotazione", + "materiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erasable programmable read-only memory", + "EPROM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a read-only memory chip that can be erased by ultraviolet light and programmed again with new data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eraser" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used to erase something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erecting prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right-angled optical prism used to turn an inverted image upright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that has been erected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erlenmeyer flask" + ], + "it": [ + "beuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical flask with a wide base and narrow neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythromycin", + "Erythrocin", + "E-Mycin", + "Ethril", + "Ilosone", + "Pediamycin" + ], + "it": [ + "eritromicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Erythrocin or E-Mycin or Ethril or Ilosone or Pediamycin) obtained from the actinomycete Streptomyces erythreus; effective against many Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalator", + "moving staircase", + "moving stairway" + ], + "it": [ + "scala mobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stairway whose steps move continuously on a circulating belt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatchway that provides a means of escape in an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device that regulates movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear that engages a rocking lever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escarpment", + "escarp", + "scarp", + "protective embankment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep artificial slope in front of a fortification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escutcheon", + "scutcheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shield; especially one displaying a coat of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escutcheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a plate on a ship's stern on which the name is inscribed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esmolol", + "Brevibloc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intravenous beta blocker (trade name Brevibloc) that acts for only a short time; used primarily for cardiac arrhythmias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophagoscope", + "oesophagoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument for examining the inside of the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espadrille" + ], + "it": [ + "espadrillas", + "espadrilles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandal with a sole made of rope or rubber and a cloth upper part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espalier" + ], + "it": [ + "spalliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trellis on which ornamental shrub or fruit tree is trained to grow flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esplanade" + ], + "it": [ + "lungomare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long stretch of open level ground (paved or grassy) for walking beside the seashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espresso maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coffee maker that forces live steam under pressure through dark roasted coffee grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espresso shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cafe where espresso is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estaminet" + ], + "it": [ + "baretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small (and usually shabby) cafe selling wine and beer and coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estazolam", + "ProSom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frequently prescribed sleeping pill (trade name ProSom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estradiol patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transdermal patch that allows estradiol to be absorbed into the blood stream; used in treating estrogen deficiency and in hormone replacement therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrogen antagonist", + "tamoxifen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antagonist for estrogen that is used in the treatment of breast cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etagere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture with open shelves for displaying small ornaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etamine", + "etamin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft cotton or worsted fabric with an open mesh; used for curtains or clothing etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etanercept", + "Enbrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genetically engineered anti-TNF compound (trade name Enbrel) consisting of receptors that bind TNF; it is injected twice a week in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etcetera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "additional unspecified odds and ends; more of the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etching" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua forte", + "acquaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an etched plate made with the use of acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression made from an etched plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethacrynic acid", + "Edecrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diuretic (trade name Edecrin) used to treat edema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethchlorvynol", + "Placidyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild sedative-hypnotic drug (trade name Placidyl)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ether", + "ethoxyethane", + "divinyl ether", + "vinyl ether", + "diethyl ether", + "ethyl ether" + ], + "it": [ + "etere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless volatile highly inflammable liquid formerly used as an inhalation anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethernet" + ], + "it": [ + "rete Ethernet", + "Ethernet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of network technology for local area networks; coaxial cable carries radio frequency signals between computers at a rate of 10 megabits per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethernet cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several types of coaxial cable used in ethernets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethosuximide", + "Emeside", + "Zarontin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticonvulsant drug (trade names Emeside and Zarontin) used to treat petit mal epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethyl chloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless flammable gas used as a local surface anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etodolac", + "Lodine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Lodine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eton collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad white collar worn over the lapels of a jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eton jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jacket hanging to the waist and cut square at the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ornamental ladies' bag for small articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eudiometer" + ], + "it": [ + "eudiometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube for measuring volume changes in chemical reactions between gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bass horn (brass wind instrument) that is the tenor of the tuba family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphoriant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychoactive drug that tends to produce elation and euphoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporative cooler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooling system that cools by evaporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening bag" + ], + "it": [ + "trousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handbag used with evening wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Excalibur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legendary sword of King Arthur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in the ground made by excavating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "azione di responsabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace for buying and selling; open only to members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise bike", + "exercycle" + ], + "it": [ + "cyclette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise device resembling a stationary bike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device designed to provide exercise for the user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust", + "exhaust system" + ], + "it": [ + "scappamento", + "tubo di scappamento", + "tubo di scarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system consisting of the parts of an engine through which burned gases or steam are discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust fan" + ], + "it": [ + "aspiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan that moves air out of an enclosure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifold that receives exhaust gases from the cylinders and conducts them to the exhaust pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe through which burned gases travel from the exhaust manifold to the muffler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve through which burned gases from a cylinder escape into the exhaust manifold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibition hall", + "exhibition area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hall for holding exhibitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exit", + "issue", + "outlet", + "way out" + ], + "it": [ + "uscita", + "via d'uscita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening that permits escape or release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exocet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guided missile developed by the French government for use against ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion bit", + "expansive bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit with a cutting blade that can be adjusted to different sizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion bolt" + ], + "it": [ + "vite a espansione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bolt that has an attachment that expands as the bolt is driven into a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectorant", + "expectorator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine promoting expectoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive" + ], + "it": [ + "esplodente", + "esplosivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound that is explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive detection system", + "EDS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid automatic system to detect plastic explosives in passengers' luggage using X-ray technology and computers; designed for use in airports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that bursts with sudden violence from internal energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture that is explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosive trace detection", + "ETD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for screening luggage in airports; an agent passes a swab around or inside luggage and then runs the swab through a machine that can detect trace amounts of explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export", + "exportation" + ], + "it": [ + "esportazione", + "export", + "merce d'esportazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commodities (goods or services) sold to a foreign country" + ], + "it": [ + "il complesso delle merci vendute all'estero e il loro valore complessivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "limited" + ], + "it": [ + "autobus", + "espresso", + "rapido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public transport consisting of a fast train or bus that makes only a few scheduled stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expressway", + "freeway", + "motorway", + "pike", + "state highway", + "superhighway", + "throughway", + "thruway" + ], + "it": [ + "autostrada", + "superstrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension", + "telephone extension", + "extension phone" + ], + "it": [ + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional telephone set that is connected to the same telephone line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric cord used to extend the length of a power cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension ladder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scala allungabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladder whose length can be extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exterior door", + "outside door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doorway that allows entrance to or exit from a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external-combustion engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heat engine in which ignition occurs outside the chamber (cylinder or turbine) in which heat is converted to mechanical energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external drive" + ], + "it": [ + "drive esterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drive with its own power supply and fan mounted outside the computer system enclosure and connected to the computer by a cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extra", + "duplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something additional of the same kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for extracting tight-fitting components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye" + ], + "it": [ + "cruna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hole or loop (as in a needle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyebrow pencil" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup provided by a cosmetic pencil that is used to darken the eyebrows" + ], + "it": [ + "matita per le sopracciglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyecup", + "eyebath", + "eye cup" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiera", + "occhino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small vessel with a rim curved to fit the orbit of the eye; use to apply medicated or cleansing solution to the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyelet", + "eyehole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hole (usually round and finished around the edges) in cloth or leather for the passage of a cord or hook or bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup applied to emphasize the shape of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye-lotion", + "eyewash", + "collyrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lotion consisting of a solution used as a cleanser for the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyepatch", + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective cloth covering for an injured eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyepiece", + "ocular" + ], + "it": [ + "oculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combination of lenses at the viewing end of optical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeshadow" + ], + "it": [ + "ombretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup consisting of a cosmetic substance used to darken the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabric", + "cloth", + "material", + "textile" + ], + "it": [ + "panno", + "pezza", + "roba", + "stoffa", + "tela", + "tessuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facade", + "frontage", + "frontal" + ], + "it": [ + "facciata", + "fronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the face or front of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical surface of a building or cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the striking or working surface of an implement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face card", + "picture card", + "court card" + ], + "it": [ + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the twelve cards in a deck bearing a picture of a face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "face mask consisting of a strong wire mesh on the front of football helmets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mask that provides a protective covering for the face in such sports as baseball or football or hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faceplate" + ], + "it": [ + "bocchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering for the front of a machine or device (as a door lock or computer component)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face powder" + ], + "it": [ + "cipria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic powder for the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face veil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of more-or-less transparent material that covers the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facility", + "installation" + ], + "it": [ + "installazione", + "istallazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facing", + "cladding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that protects the outside of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lining applied to the edge of a garment for ornamentation or strengthening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facing", + "veneer" + ], + "it": [ + "rivestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental coating to a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facsimile", + "facsimile machine", + "fax" + ], + "it": [ + "fax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duplicator that transmits the copy by wire or radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facsimile", + "autotype" + ], + "it": [ + "facsimile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exact copy or reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factory", + "mill", + "manufacturing plant", + "manufactory" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbrica", + "manifattura", + "opificio", + "stabilimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant consisting of one or more buildings with facilities for manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factory ship" + ], + "it": [ + "nave fattoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whaling ship equipped to process whale products at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factory whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whistle at a factory that is sounded to announce times for starting or stopping work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fag end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frayed end of a length of cloth or rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fagot", + "faggot" + ], + "it": [ + "fascina", + "fastello", + "frascone", + "stipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of sticks and branches bound together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fagoting", + "faggoting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery in which groups of parallel threads are tied together with fagot stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fagot stitch", + "faggot stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stitch that ties a group of parallel threads together in fagoting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fahrenheit thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faience" + ], + "it": [ + "faentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glazed earthenware decorated with opaque colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faille" + ], + "it": [ + "faille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ribbed woven fabric of silk or rayon or cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail-safe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism capable of returning to a safe state in case there is a failure or malfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairlead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pulley-block used to guide a rope forming part of a ship's rigging to avoid chafing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small colored light used for decoration (especially at Christmas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fake", + "sham", + "postiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fake book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fake in the form of an imitation book; used to fill bookcases of people who wish to appear scholarly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falchion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short broad slightly convex medieval sword with a sharp point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallboard", + "fall-board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hinged protective covering that protects the keyboard of a piano when it is not being played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallout shelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter to protect occupants from the fallout from an atomic bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal structure that partitions a ship or box (especially one built close to the actual bottom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mask worn as part of a masquerade costume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false teeth" + ], + "it": [ + "dentiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable denture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "padding that is worn inside a brassiere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreation room in a private house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "famotidine", + "Pepcid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a histamine blocker (trade name Pepcid) used to treat peptic ulcers and gastritis and esophageal reflux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan" + ], + "it": [ + "ventaglio", + "ventola", + "ventilatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for creating a current of air by movement of a surface or surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghia della ventola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt driven by the crankshaft that drives a fan that pulls air through the radiator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blade of a rotating fan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancy dress", + "masquerade", + "masquerade costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a costume worn as a disguise at a masquerade party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancy goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods that are chiefly ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flag used by surveyors or soldiers to mark a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanlight" + ], + "it": [ + "rosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semicircular window over a door or window; usually has sash bars like the ribs of a fan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanjet", + "fan-jet", + "fanjet engine", + "turbojet", + "turbojet engine", + "turbofan", + "turbofan engine" + ], + "it": [ + "turboelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jet engine in which a fan driven by a turbine provides extra air to the burner and gives extra thrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanjet", + "fan-jet", + "turbofan", + "turbojet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane propelled by a fanjet engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanny pack", + "butt pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waist pack worn with the pouch in back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overhang consisting of the fan-shaped part of the deck extending aft of the sternpost of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan tracery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the carved tracery on fan vaulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan vaulting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate system of vaulting in which the ribs diverge like fans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm" + ], + "it": [ + "allevamento", + "fattoria", + "masseria", + "podere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit" + ], + "it": [ + "costruzioni e terreno di una fattoria considerati come unità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building on a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmer's market", + "green market", + "greenmarket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open-air marketplace for farm products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "casale", + "cascina", + "cascinale", + "fattoria", + "masseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "house for a farmer and family" + ], + "it": [ + "casa in campagna dove abita il fattore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine used in farming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmplace", + "farm-place", + "farmstead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm together with its buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmyard" + ], + "it": [ + "aia", + "cortile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area adjacent to farm buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farthingale" + ], + "it": [ + "guardinfante", + "verdugale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hoop worn beneath a skirt to extend it horizontally; worn by European women in the 16th and 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion plate" + ], + "it": [ + "figurino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate illustrating the latest fashion in dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consumer goods (especially clothing) in the current mode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastener", + "fastening", + "holdfast", + "fixing" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restraint that attaches to something or holds something in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traffic lane for vehicles that are moving rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuclear reactor in which nuclear fissions are caused by fast neutrons because little or no moderator is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a health spa that specializes in helping people lose weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigues" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military uniform worn by military personnel when doing menial labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faucet", + "spigot" + ], + "it": [ + "cannella", + "robinetto", + "rubinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulator for controlling the flow of a liquid from a reservoir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fauld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of armor plate below the breastplate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fauteuil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upholstered armchair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather bed", + "featherbed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mattress stuffed with feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather boa", + "boa" + ], + "it": [ + "boa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin fluffy scarf of feathers or fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featheredge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin tapering edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of merchandise that is displayed or advertised more than other articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fedora", + "felt hat", + "homburg", + "Stetson", + "trilby" + ], + "it": [ + "lobbia", + "cappello di feltro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat made of felt with a creased crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feedback circuit", + "feedback loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit that feeds back some of the output to the input of a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeder line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branching path off of a main transportation line (especially an airline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feedlot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where livestock are fattened for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fell", + "felled seam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seam made by turning under or folding together and stitching the seamed materials to avoid rough edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felloe", + "felly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rim (or part of the rim) into which spokes are inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt" + ], + "it": [ + "feltro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made of compressed matted animal fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt-tip pen", + "felt-tipped pen", + "felt tip", + "Magic Marker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen with a writing tip made of felt (trade name Magic Marker)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felucca" + ], + "it": [ + "feluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast narrow sailing ship of the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence", + "fencing" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto", + "recinzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier that serves to enclose an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fencing mask", + "fencer's mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a face mask made of fine mesh that is worn over a fencer's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fencing sword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sword used in the sport of fencing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fender", + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "parafango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier that surrounds the wheels of a vehicle to block splashing water or mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fender" + ], + "it": [ + "paracenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low metal guard to confine falling coals to a hearth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fender", + "buffer", + "cowcatcher", + "pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciapietre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclined metal frame at the front of a locomotive to clear the track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenoprofen", + "fenoprofen calcium", + "Nalfon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Nalfon) used in the treatment of arthritis and other painful inflammatory disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fentanyl", + "Sublimaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade names of a narcotic analgesic that can be inhaled and that acts on the central nervous system and may become addictive; used as a veterinary anesthetic and with other drugs before, during, and after surgery; also used as a nonlethal gas to incapacitate people in hostage situations; also abused as a recreational drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Feosol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of a drug rich in iron; used to treat some kinds of anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fergon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of a drug rich in iron; used to treat some types of anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferris wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical rotating mechanism consisting of a large wheel with suspended seats that remain upright as the wheel rotates; provides a ride at an amusement park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrule", + "collet" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal cap or band placed on a wooden pole to prevent splitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferry", + "ferryboat" + ], + "it": [ + "nave traghetto", + "traghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat that transports people or vehicles across a body of water and operates on a regular schedule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertility drug" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to increase a woman's fertility" + ], + "it": [ + "farmaco contro la sterilità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferule" + ], + "it": [ + "ferula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch (a stick or cane or flat paddle) used to punish children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fesse", + "fess" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(heraldry) an ordinary consisting of a broad horizontal band across a shield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festoon", + "festoonery" + ], + "it": [ + "festone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower chains suspended in curves between points as a decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embellishment consisting of a decorative representation of a string of flowers suspended between two points; used on pottery or in architectural work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curtain of fabric draped and bound at intervals to form graceful curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetoscope", + "foetoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stethoscope placed on the pregnant woman's abdomen to listen for the fetal heartbeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetter", + "hobble" + ], + "it": [ + "pastoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shackle for the ankles or feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fez", + "tarboosh" + ], + "it": [ + "fez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a felt cap (usually red) for a man; shaped like a flat-topped cone with a tassel that hangs from the crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber", + "fibre", + "vulcanized fiber" + ], + "it": [ + "fibra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leatherlike material made by compressing layers of paper or cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiberboard", + "fibreboard", + "particle board" + ], + "it": [ + "pannello di fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wallboard composed of wood chips or shavings bonded together with resin and compressed into rigid sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber optic cable", + "fibre optic cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cable made of optical fibers that can transmit large amounts of information at the speed of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber-optic transmission system", + "fibre-optic transmission system", + "FOTS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system using fiber optic cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiberscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible medical instrument involving fiber optics that is used to examine internal organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fichu" + ], + "it": [ + "fisciù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight triangular scarf worn by a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddlestick", + "violin bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bow used in playing the violin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field artillery", + "field gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movable artillery (other than antiaircraft) used by armies in the field (especially for direct support of front-line troops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field coil", + "field winding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electric coil around a field magnet that produces the magneto motive force to set up the flux in an electric machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field-effect transistor", + "FET" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transistor in which most current flows in a channel whose effective resistance can be controlled by a transverse electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field-emission microscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electron microscope used to observe the surface structure of a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field glass", + "glass", + "spyglass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small refracting telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field hockey ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used in playing field hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field hospital" + ], + "it": [ + "ospedale da campo", + "ambulanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary military hospital near the battle lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic facility where athletes prepare for sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field house", + "sports arena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building for indoor sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lens that is farthest from the eye in an optical device with more than one lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field magnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnet that provides a magnetic field in a dynamo or electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field-sequential color television", + "field-sequential color TV", + "field-sequential color television system", + "field-sequential color TV system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of color TV in which successive fields are scanned in three primary colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas tent for use in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieldwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary fortification built by troops in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fife" + ], + "it": [ + "piffero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small high-pitched flute similar to a piccolo; has a shrill tone and is used chiefly to accompany drums in a marching band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fife rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the railing surrounding the mast of a sailing vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steering bearing that enables the front axle of a horse-drawn wagon to rotate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth wheel", + "spare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extra car wheel and tire for a four-wheel vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fighter", + "fighter aircraft", + "attack aircraft" + ], + "it": [ + "caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-speed military or naval airplane designed to destroy enemy aircraft in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fighting chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed chair from which a saltwater angler can fight a hooked fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig leaf" + ], + "it": [ + "foglia di fico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering consisting of anything intended to conceal something regarded as shameful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a model of a bodily form (especially of a person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure eight", + "figure of eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot having the shape of the numeral 8; tied in a rope that has been passed through a hole or pulley and that prevents the rope from coming loose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figurehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "figure on the bow of some sailing vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure loom", + "figured-fabric loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loom for weaving figured fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice skate worn for figure skating; has a slightly curved blade and a row of jagged points at the front of the blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figurine", + "statuette" + ], + "it": [ + "figurina", + "statuetta", + "statuina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small carved or molded figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filament" + ], + "it": [ + "filamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin wire (usually tungsten) that is heated white hot by the passage of an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filature" + ], + "it": [ + "filanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bobbin used in spinning silk into thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file" + ], + "it": [ + "lima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel hand tool with small sharp teeth on some or all of its surfaces; used for smoothing wood or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file", + "file cabinet", + "filing cabinet" + ], + "it": [ + "archivio", + "carpetta", + "cartella", + "casellario", + "classificatore", + "schedario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "office furniture consisting of a container for keeping papers in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file folder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "folder that holds papers together in a filing cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a digital computer that provides workstations on a network with controlled access to shared resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lace having a square mesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filigree", + "filagree", + "fillagree" + ], + "it": [ + "filagrana", + "filigrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate and intricate ornamentation (usually in gold or silver or other fine twisted wire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tobacco used to form the core of a cigar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fillet", + "stopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filling" + ], + "it": [ + "otturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) a dental appliance consisting of any of various substances (as metal or plastic) inserted into a prepared cavity in a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin coating or layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film", + "photographic film" + ], + "it": [ + "film", + "pellicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic material consisting of a base of celluloid covered with a photographic emulsion; used to make negatives or transparencies" + ], + "it": [ + "una pellicola di celluloide ricoperta di emulsione fotografica", + "usada per fare negativi o diapositive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film", + "plastic film" + ], + "it": [ + "film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin sheet of (usually plastic and usually transparent) material used to wrap or cover things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film advance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism for advancing film in a camera or projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter" + ], + "it": [ + "filtro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that removes something from whatever passes through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter" + ], + "it": [ + "filtro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that alters the frequency spectrum of signals passing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filter consisting of a layer of sand or gravel for filtering water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air filter on the end of a cigarette; contains material that filters the smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter-tipped cigarette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cigarette with a filter tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin" + ], + "it": [ + "aletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stabilizer on a ship that resembles the fin of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finder", + "viewfinder", + "view finder" + ], + "it": [ + "mirino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device that helps a user to find the target of interest" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di dispositivi ottici usata per inquadrare ciò che si osserva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elaborate or showy attire and accessories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine-tooth comb", + "fine-toothed comb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comb with teeth set close together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the parts of a glove that provides covering for a finger or thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow strip of wood on the neck of some stringed instruments (violin or cello or guitar etc) where the strings are held against the wood with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "lavadita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bowl for rinsing the fingers at table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole for inserting a finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of holes in a woodwind instrument; pitch changes when a finger covers it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger paint", + "fingerpaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint that has the consistency of jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger-painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting produced by spreading paint with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger plate", + "escutcheon", + "scutcheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat protective covering (on a door or wall etc) to prevent soiling by dirty fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerstall", + "cot" + ], + "it": [ + "ditale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheath worn to protect a finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament at the top of a spire or gable; usually a foliated fleur-de-lis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish coat", + "finishing coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final coating of plaster applied to walls and ceilings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish coat", + "finishing coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final coat of paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race car that finishes a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin keel" + ], + "it": [ + "deriva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal plate projecting from the keel of a shallow vessel to give it greater lateral stability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden plug forming a flue pipe (as the mouthpiece of a recorder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fipple flute", + "fipple pipe", + "recorder", + "vertical flute" + ], + "it": [ + "flauto diritto", + "flauto dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular wind instrument with 8 finger holes and a fipple mouthpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fireplace in which a relatively small fire is burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire alarm", + "smoke alarm" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme antincendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alarm that is tripped off by fire or smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firearm", + "piece", + "small-arm" + ], + "it": [ + "arma leggera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artillery base to support advancing troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell rung to give a fire alarm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat equipped to fight fires on ships or along a waterfront" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebox" + ], + "it": [ + "focolare", + "fornello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace (as on a steam locomotive) in which fuel is burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebrick" + ], + "it": [ + "mattone refrattario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brick made of fire clay; used for lining e.g. furnaces and chimneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire control radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval radar that controls the delivery of fire on a military target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire control system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval weaponry consisting of a system for controlling the delivery of fire on a military target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firecracker", + "cracker", + "banger" + ], + "it": [ + "castagnola", + "mortaletto", + "mortaretto", + "petardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firework consisting of a small explosive charge and fuse in a heavy paper casing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire door" + ], + "it": [ + "porta tagliafuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire-resistant door that can be closed to stop the spread of a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire engine", + "fire truck" + ], + "it": [ + "autoincendio", + "autopompa", + "idrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various large trucks that carry firemen and equipment to the site of a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire escape", + "emergency exit" + ], + "it": [ + "scala di sicurezza", + "uscita di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stairway (often on the outside of a building) that permits exit in the case of fire or other emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire extinguisher", + "extinguisher", + "asphyxiator" + ], + "it": [ + "estintore", + "schiumogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manually operated device for extinguishing small fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hose that carries water from a fire hydrant to the site of the fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal fireside implements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireman's ax", + "fireman's axe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ax that has a long handle and a head with one cutting edge and a point on the other side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireplace", + "hearth", + "open fireplace" + ], + "it": [ + "caminetto", + "camino", + "focolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireplug", + "fire hydrant", + "plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright hydrant for drawing water to use in fighting a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire screen", + "fireguard" + ], + "it": [ + "caminiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal screen before an open fire for protection (especially against flying sparks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon consisting of a ship carrying explosives that is set adrift to destroy enemy ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire station", + "firehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "caserma dei pompieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station housing fire apparatus and firemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire tongs", + "coal tongs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tongs for taking hold of burning coals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watchtower where a lookout is posted to watch for fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firetrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that would be hard to escape from if it were to catch fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trench especially constructed for the delivery of small-arms fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fireproof (or fire-resistant) wall designed to prevent the spread of fire through a building or a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) a security system consisting of a combination of hardware and software that limits the exposure of a computer or computer network to attack from crackers; commonly used on local area networks that are connected to the internet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firework", + "pyrotechnic" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco d'artificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a device with an explosive that burns at a low rate and with colored flames; can be used to illuminate areas or send signals etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing chamber", + "gun chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chamber that is the part of a gun that receives the charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "striker that ignites the charge by striking the primer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing range", + "target range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practice range for target practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wooden keg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firmer chisel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chisel with a thin blade for woodworking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-aid kit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kit consisting of a set of bandages and medicines for giving first aid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-aid station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station providing emergency care or treatment before regular medical aid can be obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the base that must be touched first by a base runner in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first class" + ], + "it": [ + "prima", + "prima classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most expensive accommodations on a ship or train or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first gear", + "first", + "low gear", + "low" + ], + "it": [ + "prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; used to start a car moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishbowl", + "fish bowl", + "goldfish bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent bowl in which small fish are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot for tying a line to a spar or ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's knot", + "true lover's knot", + "truelove knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot for tying the ends of two lines together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's lure", + "fish lure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(angling) any bright artificial bait consisting of plastic or metal mounted with hooks and trimmed with feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishery", + "piscary" + ], + "it": [ + "peschiera", + "zona di pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace (usually a pond) where fish are raised for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishhook" + ], + "it": [ + "amo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp barbed hook for catching fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing boat", + "fishing smack", + "fishing vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "peschereccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel for fishing; often has a well to keep the catch alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing gear", + "tackle", + "fishing tackle", + "fishing rig", + "rig" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzatura da pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear used in fishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing line" + ], + "it": [ + "lenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a length of cord to which the leader and float and sinker and hook are attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing rod", + "fishing pole" + ], + "it": [ + "canna da pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod of wood or steel or fiberglass that is used in fishing to extend the fishing line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butt joint formed by bolting fish plates to the sides of two rails or beams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish knife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello da pesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small table knife with a spatula blade used for eating fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of ascending pools providing a passage for salmon to swim upstream past a dam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishnet", + "fishing net" + ], + "it": [ + "rete da pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a net that will enclose fish when it is pulled in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal plate bolted along sides of two rails or beams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish slice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food turner with a broad blade used for turning or serving fish or other food that is cooked in a frying pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishtail bit", + "blade bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drilling bit with cutting edges usually hardened against wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the items furnishing or equipping a room (especially built-in furniture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitted sheet", + "contour sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet (usually with elastic edges) tailored to fit a particular mattress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and often standardized accessory to a larger system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five-spot", + "five" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card or a domino or a die whose upward face shows five pips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a varnish dissolved in alcohol and sprayed over pictures to prevent smudging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed-combination drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug containing fixed amounts of two or more ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixer-upper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house or other dwelling in need of repair (usually offered for sale at a low price)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixings", + "trimmings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accessories that normally accompany (something or some activity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixture" + ], + "it": [ + "affisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object firmly fixed in place (especially in a household)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fizgig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firework that fizzes as it moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag" + ], + "it": [ + "bandiera", + "insegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag", + "flagstone" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stratified stone that splits into pieces suitable as paving stones" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra per lastricare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flageolet", + "treble recorder", + "shepherd's pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "zufolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fipple flute with four finger holes and two thumb holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walk of flagstones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagon" + ], + "it": [ + "caraffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large metal or pottery vessel with a handle and spout; used to hold alcoholic beverages (usually wine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagpole", + "flagstaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall staff or pole on which a flag is raised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagship" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiraglia", + "nave ammiraglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ship that carries the commander of a fleet and flies his flag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief one of a related group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flail" + ], + "it": [ + "correggiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement consisting of handle with a free swinging stick at the end; used in manual threshing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flambeau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flaming torch (such as are used in processions at night)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamethrower" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciafiamme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon that squirts ignited fuel for several yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flaminian Way" + ], + "it": [ + "Via Flaminia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Roman road in Italy built by Gaius Flaminius in 220 BC; extends north from Rome to cisalpine Gaul" + ], + "it": [ + "via consolare dell'antica Roma che collegava Roma con l'Italia settentrionale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flange", + "rim" + ], + "it": [ + "bordatura", + "bordino", + "flangia", + "giunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection used for strength or for attaching to another object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flannel" + ], + "it": [ + "flanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft light woolen fabric; used for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flannel", + "gabardine", + "tweed", + "white" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually in the plural) trousers made of flannel or gabardine or tweed or white cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flannelette" + ], + "it": [ + "flanella di cotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cotton fabric imitating flannel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap" + ], + "it": [ + "linguetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any broad thin and limber covering attached at one edge; hangs loose or projects freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap", + "flaps" + ], + "it": [ + "deflettore", + "flap", + "ipersostentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable airfoil that is part of an aircraft wing; used to increase lift or drag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that produces a bright light for warning or illumination or identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare path" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airstrip outline with lights to guide an airplane pilot in landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash", + "photoflash", + "flash lamp", + "flashgun", + "flashbulb", + "flash bulb" + ], + "it": [ + "flash", + "lampeggiatore", + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp for providing momentary light to take a photograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright patch of color used for decoration or identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashboard", + "flashboarding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boarding place along the top of a dam to increase its height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera with a photoflash attachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that automatically turns a lamp on and off (as for an advertising display)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet metal shaped and attached to a roof for strength and weatherproofing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashlight", + "torch" + ], + "it": [ + "lampadina tascabile", + "pila", + "torcia elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small portable battery-powered electric lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashlight battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dry battery containing dry cells; used to power flashlights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonvolatile storage that can be electrically erased and programmed anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottle that has a narrow neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat" + ], + "it": [ + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scenery consisting of a wooden frame covered with painted canvas; part of a stage setting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat", + "flat tire" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma a terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deflated pneumatic tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow box in which seedlings are started" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat arch", + "straight arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch with mutually supporting voussoirs that has a straight horizontal extrados and intrados" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatbed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open truck bed or trailer with no sides; used to carry large heavy objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatbed press", + "cylinder press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printing press where the type is carried on a flat bed under a cylinder that holds paper and rolls over the type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bench on which a weightlifter lies to do exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatcar", + "flatbed", + "flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freight car without permanent sides or roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat coat", + "ground", + "primer", + "priming", + "primer coat", + "priming coat", + "undercoat" + ], + "it": [ + "mano di fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file with two flat surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatiron" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron that was heated by placing it on a stove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatlet" + ], + "it": [ + "appartamentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat panel display", + "FPD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of video display that is thin and flat; commonly used in laptop computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat tip screwdriver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screwdriver with a flat wedge-shaped tip that fits into a slot in the head of a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatware", + "silver" + ], + "it": [ + "posateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silverware eating utensils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware that is relatively flat and fashioned as a single piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatwork", + "flat wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ironing that can be done mechanically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleabag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a run-down hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleapit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old shabby movie theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flecainide", + "Tambocor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral antiarrhythmic medication (trade name Tambocor) used as a last resort in treating arrhythmias; increases the risk of sudden death in heart attack patients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft bulky fabric with deep pile; used chiefly for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet ballistic missile submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submarine carrying ballistic missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleur-de-lis", + "fleur-de-lys" + ], + "it": [ + "fiordaliso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(heraldry) charge consisting of a conventionalized representation of an iris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight", + "flight of stairs", + "flight of steps" + ], + "it": [ + "gradinata", + "rampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stairway (set of steps) between one floor or landing and the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight deck", + "landing deck" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina di pilotaggio", + "ponte di volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper deck of an aircraft carrier; used as a runway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight simulator", + "trainer" + ], + "it": [ + "simulatore di volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simulator consisting of a machine on the ground that simulates the conditions of flying a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flintlock" + ], + "it": [ + "fucile ad acciarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete gunlock that has flint embedded in the hammer; the flint makes a spark that ignites the charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flintlock", + "firelock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muzzle loader that had a flintlock type of gunlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip-flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic circuit that can assume either of two stable states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip-flop", + "thong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backless sandal held to the foot by a thong between the big toe and the second toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flipper", + "fin" + ], + "it": [ + "pinna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe for swimming; the paddle-like front is an aid in swimming (especially underwater)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that floats on the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float", + "plasterer's float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool with a flat face used for smoothing and finishing the surface of plaster or cement or stucco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate display mounted on a platform carried by a truck (or pulled by a truck) in a procession or parade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating dock", + "floating dry dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry dock that can be submerged under a vessel and then raised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating mine", + "marine mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive mine designed to destroy ships that bump into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floatplane", + "pontoon plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaplane equipped with pontoons for landing or taking off from water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "floodlight", + "flood lamp", + "photoflood" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettore", + "riflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light that is a source of artificial illumination having a broad beam; used in photography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor", + "flooring" + ], + "it": [ + "impiantito", + "pavimento", + "piancito", + "piantito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor", + "level", + "storey", + "story" + ], + "it": [ + "piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor", + "trading floor" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large room in a exchange where the trading is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ], + "it": [ + "emiciclo", + "aula parlamentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legislative hall where members debate and vote and conduct other business" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente per la riunione di organi legislativi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floorboard", + "floor board" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board in the floor" + ], + "it": [ + "asse di pavimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floorboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the floor of an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor cover", + "floor covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering for a floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor joist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joist that supports a floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada a stelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that stands on the floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale drawing of a horizontal section through a building at a given level; contrasts with elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flophouse", + "dosshouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap lodging house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florist", + "florist shop", + "flower store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where flowers and ornamental plants are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft loosely twisted thread used in embroidery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flotilla" + ], + "it": [ + "flottiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleet of small craft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flotilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Navy fleet consisting of two or more squadrons of small warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flotsam", + "jetsam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the floating wreckage of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour bin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin for holding flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for grinding grain into flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower arrangement", + "floral arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione floreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative arrangement of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowerbed", + "flower bed", + "bed of flowers" + ], + "it": [ + "aiola", + "aiuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed in which flowers are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowers strung together in a chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden featuring flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floxuridine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antineoplastic drug used to treat some cancers; can cause loss of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flue" + ], + "it": [ + "canna fumaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conduit to carry off smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flue pipe", + "flue", + "labial pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ pipe whose tone is produced by air passing across the sharp edge of a fissure or lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flue stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ stop with the tone of a flue pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flugelhorn", + "fluegelhorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass instrument resembling a cornet but with a wider bore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluid drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automotive power coupling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluid flywheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of fluid coupling in which the flywheel is the driving rotor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluke", + "flue" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio", + "marra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat bladelike projection on the arm of an anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barb on a harpoon or arrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watercourse that consists of an open artificial chute filled with water for power or for carrying logs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flunitrazepan", + "Rohypnol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depressant and tranquilizer (trade name Rohypnol) often used in the commission of sexual assault; legally available in Europe and Mexico and Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescent", + "fluorescent fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lighting fixture that uses a fluorescent lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescent lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamp consisting of a tube coated on the inside with a fluorescent material; mercury vapor in the tube emits ultraviolet radiation that is converted to visible radiation by the fluorescent material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoroscope", + "roentgenoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X-ray machine that combines an X-ray source and a fluorescent screen to enable direct observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorouracil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antimetabolite used to treat certain cancers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoxetine", + "fluoxetine hydrocholoride", + "Prozac", + "Sarafem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor commonly prescribed as an antidepressant (trade names Prozac or Sarafem); it is thought to work by increasing the activity of serotonin in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluphenazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer used to treat psychotic disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flurazepam", + "flurazepam hydrochloride", + "Dalmane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer (trade name Dalmane) used to treat insomnia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flurbiprofen", + "Ansaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Ansaid) that is administered only orally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flushless toilet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toilet that relies on bacteria to break down waste matter (instead of using water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush toilet", + "lavatory" + ], + "it": [ + "cesso", + "gabinetto", + "ritirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toilet that is cleaned of waste by the flow of water through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flute", + "transverse flute" + ], + "it": [ + "flauto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-pitched woodwind instrument; a slender tube closed at one end with finger holes on one end and an opening near the closed end across which the breath is blown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flute", + "fluting" + ], + "it": [ + "scanalatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a groove or furrow in cloth etc (particularly a shallow concave groove on the shaft of a column)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flute", + "flute glass", + "champagne flute" + ], + "it": [ + "flute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall narrow wineglass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluvastatin", + "Lescol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "least expensive statin drug (trade name Lescol); usually taken orally at bedtime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux applicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an applicator for applying flux (as in soldering)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluxmeter" + ], + "it": [ + "flussometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter that measures magnetic flux by the current it generates in a coil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly", + "fly front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening in a garment that is closed by a zipper or by buttons concealed under a fold of cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ], + "it": [ + "mosca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's lure consisting of a fishhook decorated to look like an insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly gallery", + "fly floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow raised platform at the side of a stage in a theater; stagehands can work the ropes controlling equipment in the flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large seaplane that floats with its fuselage in the water rather than on pontoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying bridge", + "flybridge", + "fly bridge", + "monkey bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest navigational bridge on a ship; a small (often open) deck above the pilot house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying buttress", + "arc-boutant" + ], + "it": [ + "arco rampante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buttress that stands apart from the main structure and connected to it by an arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Asian folktale) an imaginary carpet that will fly people anywhere they wish to go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying jib" + ], + "it": [ + "controfiocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost of two or more jibs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long flexible fishing rod used in fly fishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tent with a fly front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flytrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap for catching flies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flywheel" + ], + "it": [ + "volano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulator consisting of a heavy wheel that stores kinetic energy and smooths the operation of a reciprocating engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fob", + "watch chain", + "watch guard" + ], + "it": [ + "catenella dell'orologio", + "catena dell'orologio", + "catena per orologio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short chain or ribbon attaching a pocket watch to a man's vest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fob" + ], + "it": [ + "ciondolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment that hangs from a watch chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fob", + "watch pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vest pocket to hold a pocket watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foghorn" + ], + "it": [ + "corno da nebbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning device consisting of a horn that generates a loud low tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foglamp" + ], + "it": [ + "antinebbia", + "fendinebbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headlight that provides strong beam for use in foggy weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weaker part of a sword's blade from the forte to the tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil" + ], + "it": [ + "fioretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light slender flexible sword tipped by a button" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil" + ], + "it": [ + "foglia", + "lamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of thin and flexible sheet metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil", + "transparency" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine diapositiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "picture consisting of a positive photograph or drawing on a transparent base; viewed with a projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "sheepfold", + "sheep pen", + "sheepcote" + ], + "it": [ + "addiaccio", + "agghiaccio", + "ovile", + "stabbio", + "stazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen for sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folder" + ], + "it": [ + "cartella", + "cartellina", + "portacarte", + "portadocumenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering that is folded over to protect the contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folderal", + "falderol", + "frill", + "gimcrackery", + "gimcrack", + "nonsense", + "trumpery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental objects of no great value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folding chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair that can be folded flat for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folding door", + "accordion door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interior door that opens by folding back in sections (rather than by swinging on hinges)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folding saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saw with a toothed blade that folds into a handle (the way a pocketknife folds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliation", + "foliage" + ], + "it": [ + "fogliame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) leaf-like architectural ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book (or manuscript) consisting of large sheets of paper folded in the middle to make two leaves or four pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of art of unknown origin that reflects traditional values of a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow-up", + "followup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of work that exploits or builds on earlier work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food additive", + "artificial additive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additive to food intended to improve its flavor or appearance or shelf-life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area (as in a shopping mall) where fast food is sold (usually around a common eating area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food processor" + ], + "it": [ + "tritatutto elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance with interchangeable blades; used for shredding or blending or chopping or slicing food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food hamper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hamper for packing and transporting food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support resembling a pedal extremity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footage" + ], + "it": [ + "metraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "film that has been shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football" + ], + "it": [ + "palla ovale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inflated oblong ball used in playing American football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football field", + "gridiron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the playing field on which football is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football helmet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a padded helmet with a face mask to protect the head of football players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football stadium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stadium where football games are held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footbath" + ], + "it": [ + "pediluvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bathtub for warming or washing or disinfecting the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical board or panel forming the foot of a bedstead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footboard" + ], + "it": [ + "pedana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow platform on which to stand or brace the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot brake" + ], + "it": [ + "freno a pedale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic brake operated by pressing on a foot pedal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footbridge", + "overcrossing", + "pedestrian bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "passerella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge designed for pedestrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foothold", + "footing" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio", + "gradino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place providing support for the foot in standing or climbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footlights" + ], + "it": [ + "ribalta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theater light at the front of a stage that illuminate the set and actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footlocker", + "locker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trunk for storing personal possessions; usually kept at the foot of a bed (as in a barracks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footplate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the platform in the cab of a locomotive on which the engineer stands to operate the controls" + ], + "it": [ + "piattaforma del macchinista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruler one foot long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footstool", + "footrest", + "ottoman", + "tuffet" + ], + "it": [ + "poggiapiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low seat or a stool to rest the feet of a seated person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footwear", + "footgear" + ], + "it": [ + "calzare", + "calzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering for a person's feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footwear" + ], + "it": [ + "calzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing worn on a person's feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forceps" + ], + "it": [ + "forcipe", + "pinza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extractor consisting of a pair of pincers used in medical treatment (especially for the delivery of babies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pump used to force a liquid up and expel it under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore-and-after" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sailing vessel with a fore-and-aft rig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore-and-aft rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rig in which the principal sails are fore-and-aft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore-and-aft sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sail not set on a yard and whose normal position is in a fore-and-aft direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forecastle", + "fo'c'sle" + ], + "it": [ + "castello di prua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living quarters consisting of a superstructure in the bow of a merchant ship where the crew is housed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forecourt" + ], + "it": [ + "cortile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer or front court of a building or of a group of buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foredeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deck between the bridge and the forecastle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore edge", + "foredge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a book that faces inward when the book is shelved; the part opposite the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a window for an active application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foremast" + ], + "it": [ + "trinchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mast nearest the bow in vessels with two or more masts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter's plane intermediate between a jack plane and a jointer plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foresail" + ], + "it": [ + "trinchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest sail on the foremast of a square-rigged vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forestay" + ], + "it": [ + "strallo di trinchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustable stay from the foremast to the deck or bowsprit; controls the bending of the mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foretop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform at the head of a foremast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore-topmast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topmast next above the foremast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fore-topsail" + ], + "it": [ + "parochetto", + "parrocchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topsail on a foremast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge", + "smithy" + ], + "it": [ + "fucina", + "officina del fabbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where metal is worked by heating and hammering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge" + ], + "it": [ + "forgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnace consisting of a special hearth where metal is heated before shaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fork" + ], + "it": [ + "forchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cutlery used for serving and eating food" + ], + "it": [ + "posata usata per infilzare o tener fermi i cibi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fork" + ], + "it": [ + "forcone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agricultural tool used for lifting or digging; has a handle and metal prongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forklift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small industrial vehicle with a power operated forked platform in front that can be inserted under loads to lift and move them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "cassaforma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mold for setting concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formal garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden laid out on regular lines with plants arranged in symmetrical locations or in geometrical designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalwear", + "eveningwear", + "evening dress", + "evening clothes" + ], + "it": [ + "abito da sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attire to wear on formal occasions in the evening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formation" + ], + "it": [ + "formazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular spatial arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formica" + ], + "it": [ + "formica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plastic laminates containing melamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stronger part of a sword blade between the hilt and the foible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortification", + "munition" + ], + "it": [ + "fortificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortress", + "fort" + ], + "it": [ + "forte", + "fortezza", + "rocca", + "rocca forte", + "roccaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortified defensive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forty-five" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a .45-caliber pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i53999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forum", + "assembly", + "meeting place" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public facility to meet for open discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foucault pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pendulum with a long wire; can swing in any direction; the change in the swing plane demonstrates the earth's rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foulard" + ], + "it": [ + "foulard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light plain-weave or twill-weave silk or silklike fabric (usually with a printed design)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul-weather gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment that is intended to keep the wearer dry and warm in bad weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation", + "base", + "fundament", + "foot", + "groundwork", + "substructure", + "understructure" + ], + "it": [ + "base", + "piedestallo", + "piedistallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lowest support of a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation garment", + "foundation" + ], + "it": [ + "busto", + "guaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's undergarment worn to give shape to the contours of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone laid at a ceremony to mark the founding of a new building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundry", + "metalworks" + ], + "it": [ + "fonderia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "factory where metal castings are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountain", + "fount" + ], + "it": [ + "fontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumbing fixture that provides a flow of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountain", + "jet" + ], + "it": [ + "fontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificially produced flow of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountain" + ], + "it": [ + "fontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountain pen" + ], + "it": [ + "penna stilografica", + "stilografica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen that is supplied with ink from a reservoir in its barrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-in-hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long necktie that is tied in a slipknot with one end hanging in front of the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourpenny nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nail 1.5 inches long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-poster" + ], + "it": [ + "letto a baldacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed with posts at the four corners that can be used to support a canopy or curtains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-pounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artillery gun that throws a shot weighing four pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-spot", + "four" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card or domino or die whose upward face shows four pips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-stroke engine", + "four-stroke internal-combustion engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine in which an explosive mixture is drawn into the cylinder on the first stroke and is compressed and ignited on the second stroke; work is done on the third stroke and the products of combustion are exhausted on the fourth stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-tailed bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bandage consisting of a strip of cloth split in two on both ends; the central part is placed under the chin to restrict motion of the mandible and the tails are tied over the top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-wheel drive", + "4WD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission that provides power directly to all four wheels of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-wheel drive", + "4WD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor vehicle with a four-wheel drive transmission system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hackney carriage with four wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowling piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light shotgun used for fowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxhole", + "fox hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dugout with a pit for individual shelter against enemy fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraction" + ], + "it": [ + "frazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small part or item forming a piece of a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragmentation bomb", + "antipersonnel bomb", + "anti-personnel bomb", + "daisy cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb with only 10 to 20 per cent explosive and the remainder consisting of casings designed to break into many small high-velocity fragments; most effective against troops and vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket for holding dried fruit (especially raisins or figs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sloping or horizontal rampart of pointed stakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruff for the neck worn in the 16th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame", + "framing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework that supports and protects a picture or a mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the framework for a pair of eyeglasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ], + "it": [ + "fotogramma", + "frame", + "inquadratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single one of a series of still transparent pictures forming a cinema, television or video film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a buffer that stores the contents of an image pixel by pixel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "framework" + ], + "it": [ + "montatura", + "ossatura", + "riquadro", + "struttura", + "telaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure supporting or containing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francis turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of hydroelectric turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franking machine" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that automatically stamps letters or packages passing through it and computes the total charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeboard deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the uppermost watertight deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public house that is not controlled by a brewery and so is free to sell different brands of beer and ale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free-reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reed that does not fit closely over the aperture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free-reed instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind instrument with a free reed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free throw lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lane on a basketball court extending from the end line to 15 feet in front of the backboard; players may not enter this lane during a free throw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freewheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clutch (as on the rear wheel of a bicycle) that allows wheels to turn freely (as in coasting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight car" + ], + "it": [ + "carro merci", + "vagone merci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway car that carries freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight elevator", + "service elevator" + ], + "it": [ + "montacarichi", + "montacarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevator designed for carrying freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight liner", + "liner train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-distance express freight train between industrial centers and seaports with facilities for rapid loading and unloading of goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight train", + "rattler" + ], + "it": [ + "treno merci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad train consisting of freight cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French door" + ], + "it": [ + "porta-finestra", + "portafinestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light door with transparent or glazed panels extending the full length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fairly high narrow heel on women's shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French horn", + "horn" + ], + "it": [ + "corno da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass musical instrument consisting of a conical tube that is coiled into a spiral and played by means of valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch made by looping the thread several times around the needle before inserting it into the fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French polish", + "French polish shellac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a varnish for wood consisting of shellac dissolved in alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mansard roof with sides that are nearly perpendicular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French door situated in an exterior wall of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresco" + ], + "it": [ + "affresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mural done with watercolors on wet plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that freshens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fresnel lens" + ], + "it": [ + "lente di Fresnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lens composed of a number of small lenses arranged to make a lightweight lens of large diameter and short focal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bar of metal across the fingerboard of a musical instrument; when the string is stopped by a finger at the metal bar it will produce a note of the desired pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret", + "Greek fret", + "Greek key", + "key pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines (often in relief)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monastery of friars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friction clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clutch in which one part turns the other by the friction between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friction tape", + "insulating tape" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro isolante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-resistant adhesive tape used to insulate exposed electrical conductors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frieze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy woolen fabric with a long nap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frieze" + ], + "it": [ + "fregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States warship larger than a destroyer and smaller than a cruiser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium size square-rigged warship of the 18th and 19th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frill", + "flounce", + "ruffle", + "furbelow" + ], + "it": [ + "balza", + "falbalà", + "falpalà", + "frangiatura", + "frappa", + "volant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of pleated material used as a decoration or a trim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental border consisting of short lengths of hanging threads or tassels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisbee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light, plastic disk about 10 inches in diameter; propelled with a flip of the wrist for recreation or competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a habit worn by clerics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frock coat" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziera", + "prefettizia", + "redingote", + "stifelius", + "stiffelius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's coat having knee-length skirts front and back; worn in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog" + ], + "it": [ + "alamaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative loop of braid or cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is seen or that goes first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontage road", + "service road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local road that runs parallel to an expressway and allows local traffic to gain access to property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drapery that covers the front of an altar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the front seats in the House of Commons that are reserved for ministers or former ministers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front door", + "front entrance" + ], + "it": [ + "porta d'ingresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exterior door (at the entrance) at the front of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontispiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "front illustration facing the title page of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontispiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental facade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontlet", + "frontal" + ], + "it": [ + "frontale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment worn on the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front porch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porch for the front door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front projector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projector for digital input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yard in front of a house; between the house and the street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin-operated gambling machine that produces random combinations of symbols (usually pictures of different fruits) on rotating dials; certain combinations win money for the player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frying pan", + "frypan", + "skillet" + ], + "it": [ + "padella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pan used for frying foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel-air explosive", + "FAE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device consisting of a container of fuel and two explosive charges; the first charge bursts open the fuel container at a predetermined height and spreads the fuel in a cloud that mixes with atmospheric oxygen; the second charge detonates the cloud which creates an enormous blast wave and incinerates whatever is below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel cell" + ], + "it": [ + "pila a combustibile", + "cella a combustione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell that produces electricity by oxidation of fuel (hydrogen and oxygen or zinc and air); often used in electric cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter in the fuel line that screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel gauge", + "fuel indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator of the amount of fuel remaining in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel injection", + "fuel injection system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical system to inject atomized fuel directly into the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine; avoids the need for a carburetor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel line", + "gas line", + "petrol line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe that carries gasoline from a tank to a gasoline engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment in a motor vehicle or aircraft that delivers fuel to the engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulcrum" + ], + "it": [ + "fulcro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pivot about which a lever turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full-dress uniform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the naval or military uniform that is specified by regulations to be worn on ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full metal jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lead bullet that is covered with a jacket of a harder metal (usually copper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full skirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long skirt gathered at the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full-wave rectifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rectifier that converts the negative half wave of an alternating current into a positive half wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumigator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that generates a gas for the purpose of disinfecting or eradicating pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funeral home", + "funeral parlor", + "funeral parlour", + "funeral chapel", + "funeral church", + "funeral-residence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortuary where those who knew the deceased can come to pay their last respects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commodity that is freely interchangeable with another in satisfying an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funk hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dugout as a place of safe retreat (when in a funk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funnel" + ], + "it": [ + "ciminiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) smokestack consisting of a shaft for ventilation or the passage of smoke (especially the smokestack of a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funnel" + ], + "it": [ + "imbuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conically shaped utensil having a narrow tube at the small end; used to channel the flow of substances into a container with a small mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funnel web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a funnel-shaped spider web; the funnel-web spider perches in the center of the web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funny wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambulance used to transport patients to a mental hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur" + ], + "it": [ + "pelliccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment made of the dressed hairy coat of a mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur coat" + ], + "it": [ + "pelliccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coat made of fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur hat" + ], + "it": [ + "colbac", + "colbacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat made of fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnace lining", + "refractory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lining consisting of material with a high melting point; used to line the inside walls of a furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnace room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (usually in the basement of a building) that contains a furnace for heating the building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnishing" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchiamento", + "arredamento", + "arredo", + "masserizie", + "suppellettile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the instrumentalities (furniture and appliances and other movable accessories including curtains and rugs) that make a home (or other area) livable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnishing", + "trappings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) accessory wearing apparel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furniture", + "piece of furniture", + "article of furniture" + ], + "it": [ + "ammobiliamento", + "arredamento", + "mobilia", + "mobilio", + "mobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnishings that make a room or other area ready for occupancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furosemide", + "Lasix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly used diuretic (trade name Lasix) used to treat hypertension and edema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fur-piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neckpiece made of fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furring strip", + "furring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip used to give a level surface for attaching wallboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furrow" + ], + "it": [ + "solco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long shallow trench in the ground (especially one made by a plow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuse", + "fuze", + "fusee", + "fuzee", + "primer", + "priming" + ], + "it": [ + "innesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any igniter that is used to initiate the burning of a propellant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuse", + "electrical fuse", + "safety fuse" + ], + "it": [ + "fusibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusee", + "fuzee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friction match with a large head that will stay alight in the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusee", + "fuzee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored flare used as a warning signal by trucks and trains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusee drive", + "fusee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirally grooved spindle in a clock that counteracts the diminishing power of the uncoiling mainspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuselage" + ], + "it": [ + "fusoliera", + "carlinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central body of an airplane that is designed to accommodate the crew and passengers (or cargo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light flintlock musket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fustian" + ], + "it": [ + "fustagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong cotton and linen fabric with a slight nap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mattress consisting of a pad of cotton batting that is used for sleeping on the floor or on a raised frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futtock shroud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shroud that is part of a ship's rigging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulk commodities bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futures exchange", + "futures market", + "forward market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato a termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commodity exchange where futures contracts are traded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gabapentin", + "Neurontin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticonvulsant (trade name Neurontin) used to control some types of seizures in the treatment of epilepsy; also used to manage neuralgia caused by shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gabardine" + ], + "it": [ + "gabardine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm durable fabric with a twill weave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gable", + "gable end", + "gable wall" + ], + "it": [ + "timpano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical triangular wall between the sloping ends of gable roof" + ], + "it": [ + "parete verticale esterna di forma triangolare, compresa tra i due spioventi del tetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gable roof", + "saddle roof", + "saddleback", + "saddleback roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double sloping roof with a ridge and gables at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaddi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion on a throne for a prince in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadgetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appliances collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron hook with a handle; used for landing large fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spar rising aft from a mast to support the head of a quadrilateral fore-and-aft sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp metal spike or spur that is fastened to the leg of a gamecock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaffsail", + "gaff-headed sail" + ], + "it": [ + "randa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quadrilateral fore-and-aft sail suspended from a gaff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaff topsail", + "fore-and-aft topsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular fore-and-aft sail with its foot along the gaff and its luff on the topmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "muzzle" + ], + "it": [ + "apribocca", + "bavaglio", + "mordacchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restraint put into a person's mouth to prevent speaking or shouting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaiter" + ], + "it": [ + "ghetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legging consisting of a cloth or leather covering for the leg from the knee to the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe covering the ankle with elastic gores in the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galilean telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of refracting telescope that is no longer used in astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galleon" + ], + "it": [ + "galeone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large square-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts; used by the Spanish for commerce and war from the 15th to 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "ballatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow recessed balcony area along an upper floor on the interior of a building; usually marked by a colonnade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "balconata", + "galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered corridor (especially one extending along the wall of a building and supported with arches or columns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long usually narrow room used for some specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallery", + "art gallery", + "picture gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "galleria", + "galleria d'arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room or series of rooms where works of art are exhibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley", + "ship's galley", + "caboose", + "cookhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "cambusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area for food preparation on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kitchen area for food preparation on an airliner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical antiquity) a crescent-shaped seagoing vessel propelled by oars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley" + ], + "it": [ + "galea", + "galera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large medieval vessel with a single deck propelled by sails and oars with guns at stern and prow; a complement of 1,000 men; used mainly in the Mediterranean for war and trading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallows" + ], + "it": [ + "forca", + "patibolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of execution consisting of a wooden frame from which a condemned person is executed by hanging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallows tree", + "gallows-tree", + "gibbet", + "gallous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative terms for gallows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanometer" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter for detecting or comparing or measuring small electric currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambling house", + "gambling den", + "gambling hell", + "gaming house" + ], + "it": [ + "bisca", + "biscazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public building in which a variety of games of chance can be played (operated as a business)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambrel", + "gambrel roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gable roof with two slopes on each side and the lower slope being steeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the game equipment needed in order to play a particular game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamebag" + ], + "it": [ + "carniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas or leather bag for carrying game (especially birds) killed by a hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment or apparatus used in playing a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaming card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a set of cards used in gambling games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaming table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table used for gambling; may be equipped with a gameboard and slots for chips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma hydroxybutyrate", + "GHB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club drug available in liquid or powder form is taken orally (frequently combined with alcohol); used to incapacitate individuals for the commission of sexual assault and rape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma-interferon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of interferon that is produced by T cells and macrophages; involved in the activation of phagocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamp", + "brolly" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colloquial terms for an umbrella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gang" + ], + "it": [ + "batteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tool consisting of a combination of implements arranged to work together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangplank", + "gangboard", + "gangway" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarcadero", + "imbarcatoio", + "passerella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary bridge for getting on and off a vessel at dockside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangsaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power saw that has several parallel blades making simultaneous cuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary passageway of planks (as over mud on a building site)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gantlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the convergence of two parallel railroad tracks in a narrow place; the inner rails cross and run parallel and then diverge so a train remains on its own tracks at all times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gantry", + "gauntry" + ], + "it": [ + "incastellatura a cavalletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of steel bars raised on side supports to bridge over or around something; can display railway signals above several tracks or can support a traveling crane etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gap", + "crack" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "fessura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garage" + ], + "it": [ + "autorimessa", + "box", + "garage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outbuilding (or part of a building) for housing automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garage", + "service department" + ], + "it": [ + "autofficina", + "officina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a repair shop where cars and trucks are serviced and repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garand rifle", + "Garand", + "M-1", + "M-1 rifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiautomatic rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle where waste can be discarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage truck", + "dustcart" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "camion della nettezza urbana", + "camion della spazzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck for collecting domestic refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garboard", + "garboard plank", + "garboard strake" + ], + "it": [ + "torello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first wale laid next to the keel of a wooden ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden" + ], + "it": [ + "giardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plot of ground where plants are cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden" + ], + "it": [ + "giardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yard or lawn adjoining a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hose used for watering a lawn or garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rake used by gardeners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy cast-iron cylinder used to flatten lawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spade used by gardeners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden tool", + "lawn tool" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo da giardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used for working in gardens or yards" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo usato per lavorare in giardino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden trowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trowel used by gardeners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargoyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament consisting of a grotesquely carved figure of a person or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargoyle" + ], + "it": [ + "doccione", + "gargolla", + "gargouille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spout that terminates in a grotesquely carved figure of a person or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garibaldi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose high-necked blouse with long sleeves; styled after the red flannel shirts worn by Garibaldi's soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic press" + ], + "it": [ + "spremiaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press for extracting juice from garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garment" + ], + "it": [ + "indumento", + "capo di vestiario", + "abito", + "vestito", + "veste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garment bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suitcase that unfolds to be hung up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnish" + ], + "it": [ + "guarnizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any decoration added as a trimming or adornment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrison", + "fort" + ], + "it": [ + "guarnigione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortified military post where troops are stationed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrison cap", + "overseas cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedge-shaped wool or cotton cap; worn as part of a uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrote", + "garotte", + "garrotte", + "iron collar" + ], + "it": [ + "garrota", + "garrotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of execution for execution by strangulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garter", + "supporter" + ], + "it": [ + "giarrettiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band (usually elastic) worn around the leg to hold up a stocking (or around the arm to hold up a sleeve)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garter belt", + "suspender belt" + ], + "it": [ + "reggicalze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide belt of elastic with straps hanging from it; worn by women to hold up stockings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garter stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knitting stitch that results in a pattern of horizontal ridges formed by knitting both sides (instead of purling one side)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas guzzler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car with relatively low fuel efficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) bomb consisting of an explosive projectile filled with a toxic gas that is released when the bomb explodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe with one or more burners projecting from a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas burner", + "gas jet" + ], + "it": [ + "becco a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burner such that combustible gas issues from a nozzle to form a steady flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas chamber", + "death chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "camera a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument of execution consisting of a sealed chamber into which poison gas is introduced; used to kill people or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas-cooled reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor using gas as a coolant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas-discharge tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube in which an electric discharge takes place through a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine similar to a gasoline engine but using natural gas instead of gasoline vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas fitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fitting (pipes or valves or meters) that convey gas from the gas main to the gas fixtures of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device to convey illuminating gas from the pipe to the gas burner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace that burns gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun that fires gas shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heating system that burns natural gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas heater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heater that burns gas for heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas holder", + "gasometer" + ], + "it": [ + "gasometro", + "gassometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large gas-tight spherical or cylindrical tank for holding gas to be used as fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasket" + ], + "it": [ + "guarnizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal consisting of a ring for packing pistons or sealing a pipe joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that burns illuminating gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas line" + ], + "it": [ + "gasdotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipeline used to transport natural gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas main" + ], + "it": [ + "conduttura del gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a main that distributes gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas maser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maser in which microwave radiation interacts with gas molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasmask", + "respirator", + "gas helmet" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera antigas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective mask with a filter; protects the face and lungs against poisonous gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas meter", + "gasometer" + ], + "it": [ + "contatore del gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter for measuring the amount of gas flowing through a particular pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasoline engine", + "petrol engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine that burns gasoline; most automobiles are driven by gasoline engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasoline gauge", + "gasoline gage", + "gas gauge", + "gas gage", + "petrol gauge", + "petrol gage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge that indicates the amount of gasoline left in the gasoline tank of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasoline station", + "gas station", + "filling station", + "petrol station" + ], + "it": [ + "distributore di benzina", + "stazione di rifornimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service station that sells gasoline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas oven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic oven fueled by gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas oven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cremation chamber fueled by gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas pump", + "gasoline pump", + "petrol pump", + "island dispenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump in a service station that draws gasoline from underground storage tanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas range", + "gas stove", + "gas cooker" + ], + "it": [ + "cucina a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range with gas rings and an oven for cooking with gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas ring" + ], + "it": [ + "fornello a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gas burner consisting of a circular metal pipe with several small holes through which gas can escape to be burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facility (plant and equipment) for providing natural-gas service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas tank", + "gasoline tank", + "petrol tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tank for holding gasoline to supply a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas thermometer", + "air thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thermometer that measures temperature by changes in the pressure of a gas kept at constant volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of endoscope for visually examining the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas turbine" + ], + "it": [ + "turbina a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turbine that converts the chemical energy of a liquid fuel into mechanical energy by internal combustion; gaseous products of the fuel (which is burned in compressed air) are expanded through a turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas-turbine ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship powered by a gas turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas well" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo di gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well that yields or has yielded natural gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasworks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the workplace where coal gas is manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gat", + "rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gangster's pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "cancello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable barrier in a fence or wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate", + "logic gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer circuit with several inputs but only one output that can be activated by particular combinations of inputs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passageway (as in an air terminal) where passengers can embark or disembark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gatehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "portineria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house built at a gateway; usually the gatekeeper's residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gateleg table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop-leaf table with the drop-leaves supported by hinged legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gatepost" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pilastrino del cancello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two posts that bound a gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gateway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance that can be closed by a gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gateway drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a habit-forming drug that is not addictive but its use may lead to the use of other addictive drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather", + "gathering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gathered skirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skirt whose fabric is drawn together around the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gatling gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of machine gun having several barrels that fire in sequence as they are rotated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge", + "gage" + ], + "it": [ + "indicatore", + "misuratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity such as the thickness of wire or the amount of rain etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauntlet", + "gantlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glove with long sleeve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauntlet", + "gantlet", + "metal glove" + ], + "it": [ + "manopola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glove of armored leather; protects the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauze", + "netting", + "veiling" + ], + "it": [ + "garza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a net of transparent fabric with a loose open weave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauze", + "gauze bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) bleached cotton cloth of plain weave used for bandages and dressings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gavel" + ], + "it": [ + "martelletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small mallet used by a presiding officer or a judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazebo", + "summerhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "gazebo", + "padiglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small roofed building affording shade and rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gear", + "gear wheel", + "geared wheel", + "cogwheel" + ], + "it": [ + "ruota dentata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion" + ], + "it": [ + "ruota dentata che insieme ad altre ruote dentate forma un meccanismo in grado di cambiare la velocità del moto trasmesso." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gear", + "paraphernalia", + "appurtenance" + ], + "it": [ + "armamentario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment consisting of miscellaneous articles needed for a particular operation or sport etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gear", + "gear mechanism" + ], + "it": [ + "ingranaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism for transmitting motion for some specific purpose (as the steering gear of a vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gearbox", + "gear box", + "gear case" + ], + "it": [ + "scatola del cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shell (metal casing) in which a train of gears is sealed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gearing", + "gear", + "geartrain", + "power train", + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gearset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of gears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gearshift", + "gearstick", + "shifter", + "gear lever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for engaging and disengaging gears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geiger counter", + "Geiger-Muller counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counter tube that detects ionizing radiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geiger tube", + "Geiger-Muller tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ionization chamber contained in a tube in a Geiger counter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatin", + "gel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin translucent membrane used over stage lights for color effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelignite", + "gelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of dynamite in which the nitroglycerin is absorbed in a base of wood pulp and sodium or potassium nitrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gem", + "treasure" + ], + "it": [ + "gioiello", + "tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art highly prized for its beauty or perfection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gemfibrozil", + "Lopid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medication (trade name Lopid) used to lower the levels of triglyceride in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gene chip", + "DNA chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microchip that holds DNA probes that form half of the DNA double helix and can recognize DNA from samples being tested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general anesthetic", + "general anaesthetic" + ], + "it": [ + "anestesia totale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anesthetic that anesthetizes the entire body and causes loss of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general-purpose bomb", + "GP bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bomb (500 to 2,000 pounds that is 50% explosive) whose explosion creates a blast and whose metal casing creates some fragmentation effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus that produces a vapor or gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device for producing a signal voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any product that can be sold without a brand name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "when the patent protection for a brand-name drug expires generic versions of the drug can be offered for sale if the FDA agrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geneva gown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black academic gown widely used by Protestant clergymen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of art (or artistic endeavor) having a characteristic form or technique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genre painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre depicting everyday life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentamicin", + "Garamycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Garamycin) that is derived from an actinomycete; used in treating infections of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geodesic dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight dome constructed of interlocking polygons; invented by R. Buckminster Fuller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "georgette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin silk dress material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George Washington Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Hudson River between New York and New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gharry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse-drawn carriage in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stairway in India leading down to a landing on the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghetto blaster", + "boom box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable stereo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghillie", + "gillie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe without a tongue and with decorative lacing up the instep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift shop", + "novelty shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that sells miscellaneous articles appropriate as gifts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift wrapping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental wrapping for gifts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gig" + ], + "it": [ + "baroccino", + "barroccino", + "calesse", + "tilbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage; with two seats and no hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tender that is a light ship's boat; often for personal use of captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gig" + ], + "it": [ + "iole", + "yole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long and light rowing boat; especially for racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of hooks (without barbs) that is drawn through a school of fish to hook their bodies; used when fish are not biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gildhall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meeting place of a medieval guild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gill net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat fishnet suspended vertically in the water to entangle fish by their gills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilt", + "gilding" + ], + "it": [ + "doratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coating of gold or of something that looks like gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gimbal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appliance that allows an object (such as a ship's compass) to remain horizontal even as its support tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clothing fabric in a plaid weave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girandole", + "girandola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornate candle holder; often with a mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam made usually of steel; a main support in a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girdle", + "cincture", + "sash", + "waistband", + "waistcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "cinto", + "fusciacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of material around the waist that strengthens a skirt or trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass", + "drinking glass" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container for holding liquids while drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass" + ], + "it": [ + "cristalleria", + "cristallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glassware collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass cutter" + ], + "it": [ + "rotella tagliavetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for cutting glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glasses case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case for carrying spectacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass eye" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio di vetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prosthesis consisting of an artificial eye made of glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glassware", + "glasswork" + ], + "it": [ + "vetreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of tableware made of glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glassworks" + ], + "it": [ + "cristalleria", + "soffieria", + "vetreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where glass is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glebe house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parsonage (especially one provided for the holder of a benefice)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glen Canyon Dam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dam built in 1964 on the Colorado River in Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glengarry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scottish cap with straight sides and a crease along the top from front to back; worn by Highlanders as part of military dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glider", + "sailplane" + ], + "it": [ + "aliante", + "veleggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aircraft supported only by the dynamic action of air against its surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glipizide", + "Glucotrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antidiabetic drug (trade name Glucotrol) that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Global Positioning System", + "GPS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a navigational system involving satellites and computers that can determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by computing the time difference for signals from different satellites to reach the receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe" + ], + "it": [ + "globo", + "mappamondo", + "orbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sphere on which a map (especially of the earth) is represented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glockenspiel", + "orchestral bells" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of graduated metal bars mounted on a frame and played with small hammers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glory hole", + "lazaretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small locker at the stern of a boat or between decks of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph that is printed on smooth shiny paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handwear: covers the hand and wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glove compartment" + ], + "it": [ + "vano portaoggetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compartment on the dashboard of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas-discharge tube with a hot cathode; used in stroboscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas-discharge tube consisting of a cold cathode and a diode in a tube filled with gas; the color of the glow depends on the particular gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutethimide", + "Doriden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sedative (trade name Doriden) used to treat some sleep disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyburide", + "DiaBeta", + "Micronase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antidiabetic drug (trade names DiaBeta and Micronase) that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glyptic art in the form of a symbolic figure carved or incised in relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyptic art", + "glyptography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carvings or engravings (especially on precious stones)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glyptics", + "lithoglyptics" + ], + "it": [ + "glittica", + "gliptica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of engraving on precious stones" + ], + "it": [ + "arte di incidere gemme e pietre dure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnomon" + ], + "it": [ + "gnomone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicator provided by the stationary arm whose shadow indicates the time on the sundial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal" + ], + "it": [ + "rete", + "porta", + "bersaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of the place toward which players of a game try to advance a ball or puck in order to score points" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura di fili intrecciati, posta alle estremità opposte del campo di gioco, entro la quale le squadre cercano vicendevolmente di spedire la palla o il disco per ottenere il punto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goalmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the area immediately in front of the goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goalpost" + ], + "it": [ + "montante", + "palo", + "palo della porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of posts (usually joined by a crossbar) that are set up as a goal at each end of a playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goblet" + ], + "it": [ + "calice", + "coppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinking glass with a base and stem" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchiere emisferico con stelo sottile e base circolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board used for playing go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in India and Malaysia) a warehouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goffer", + "gauffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental frill made by pressing pleats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goffer", + "gauffer", + "goffering iron", + "gauffering iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron used to press pleats and ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goggles" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tight-fitting spectacles worn to protect the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go-kart" + ], + "it": [ + "go-kart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small low motor vehicle with four wheels and an open framework; used for racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golconda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of great wealth (especially a mine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldbrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brick-shaped block that looks like gold but is not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden calf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) an idol made by Aaron for the Israelites to worship; destroyed by Moses; it is now used to refer to anything worshipped undeservedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Gate Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Golden Gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foil made of gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold leaf" + ], + "it": [ + "doratura", + "lamina d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin form of gold foil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold medal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trophy made of gold (or having the appearance of gold) that is usually awarded for winning first place in a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldmine", + "gold mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where gold ore is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldmine", + "gold mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a good source of something that is desired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold plate" + ], + "it": [ + "doratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin plating of gold on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold plate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vasellame d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware that is plated with gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golf equipment consisting of a bag for carrying golf clubs and balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf ball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla da golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hard ball used in playing golf; dimpled to reduce wind resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golfcart", + "golf cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small motor vehicle in which golfers can ride between shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf club", + "golf-club", + "club" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone da golf", + "mazza", + "mazza da golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golf equipment used by a golfer to hit a golf ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf-club head", + "club head", + "club-head", + "clubhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the head of the club which strikes the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf course", + "links course" + ], + "it": [ + "campo di golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "course consisting of a large landscaped area for playing golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in playing golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf glove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glove worn by golfers to give a firm grip on the handle of the golf club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf range", + "driving range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practice range for practicing golf shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golliwog", + "golliwogg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grotesque black doll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gondola" + ], + "it": [ + "gondola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long narrow flat-bottomed boat propelled by sculling; traditionally used on canals of Venice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gondola car", + "gondola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low flat-bottomed freight car with fixed sides but no roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gong", + "tam-tam" + ], + "it": [ + "gong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a softheaded drumstick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goniometer" + ], + "it": [ + "radiogoniometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direction finder that determines the angular direction of incoming radio signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gordian knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate knot tied by Gordius, the king of Phrygia, and cut by the sword of Alexander the Great after he heard that whoever undid it would become ruler of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gore", + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth that is generally triangular or tapering; used in making garments or umbrellas or sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorgerin", + "necking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the molding at the top of a column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorget" + ], + "it": [ + "goletta", + "gorgiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gossamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauze fabric with an extremely fine texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gota Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal for small oceangoing ships to enter Lake Vanern in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed arch; usually has a joint (instead of a keystone) at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouache" + ], + "it": [ + "guazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watercolor executed with opaque watercolors mixed with gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouache" + ], + "it": [ + "guazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opaque watercolor prepared with gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "and edge tool with a blade like a trough for cutting channels or grooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gourd", + "calabash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottle made from the dried shell of a bottle gourd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses a branch of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office where government employees work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governor", + "regulator" + ], + "it": [ + "variatore", + "controllo automatico della velocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's dress, usually with a close-fitting bodice and a long flared skirt, often worn on formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gown", + "robe" + ], + "it": [ + "toga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outerwear consisting of a long flowing garment used for official or ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gown", + "surgical gown", + "scrubs" + ], + "it": [ + "camice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment worn by surgeons during operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for gripping an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container from which a person draws a wrapped item at random without knowing the contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar attached parallel to a wall to provide a handgrip for steadying yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cup to be passed around for the final toast after a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crossing that uses an underpass or overpass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring fluid volume; a glass container (cup or cylinder or flask) whose sides are marked with or divided into amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduated cylinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical graduate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graffito", + "graffiti" + ], + "it": [ + "graffiti", + "graffito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rude decoration inscribed on rocks or walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grail", + "Holy Grail", + "Sangraal" + ], + "it": [ + "Graal", + "Sacro Graal", + "Santo Graal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(legend) chalice used by Christ at the Last Supper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gramicidin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic produced by a soil bacterium; used chiefly as an antiseptic in treating local infections produced by Gram-positive bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gramophone", + "acoustic gramophone" + ], + "it": [ + "fonografo", + "grammofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antique record player; the sound of the vibrating needle is amplified acoustically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granary", + "garner" + ], + "it": [ + "capannone", + "granaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storehouse for threshed grain or animal feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandfather clock", + "longcase clock" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio a pendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pendulum clock enclosed in a tall narrow case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand piano", + "grand" + ], + "it": [ + "pianoforte a coda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piano with the strings on a horizontal harp-shaped frame; usually supported by three legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandstand", + "covered stand" + ], + "it": [ + "tribuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand at a racecourse or stadium consisting of tiers with rows of individual seats that are under a protective roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outlying farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graniteware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of stone-grey enamelware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granny knot", + "granny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reef knot crossed the wrong way and therefore insecure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape arbor", + "grape arbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arbor where grapes are grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapeshot", + "grape" + ], + "it": [ + "mitraglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of small projectiles fired together from a cannon to produce a hail of shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphic", + "computer graphic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image that is generated by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphic art" + ], + "it": [ + "grafica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arts of drawing or painting or printmaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphics" + ], + "it": [ + "grafica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the drawings and photographs in the layout of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapnel", + "grapnel anchor" + ], + "it": [ + "grappino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light anchor for small boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapnel", + "grapple", + "grappler", + "grappling hook", + "grappling iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ancoretta", + "arpagone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool consisting of several hooks for grasping and holding; often thrown with a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass skirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skirt made of long blades of grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate", + "grating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frame of iron bars to hold a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate", + "grating" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrata", + "grata", + "gratella", + "inferriata", + "ingraticolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier that has parallel or crossed bars blocking a passage but admitting air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grater" + ], + "it": [ + "grattacacio", + "grattugia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utensil with sharp perforations for shredding foods (as vegetables or cheese)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grave", + "tomb" + ], + "it": [ + "avello", + "sepolcro", + "tomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravel pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarry for gravel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graver", + "graving tool", + "pointel", + "pointrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used by an engraver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravestone", + "headstone", + "tombstone" + ], + "it": [ + "lapide", + "pietra tombale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone that is used to mark a grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravimeter", + "gravity meter" + ], + "it": [ + "gravimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring variations in the gravitational field of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravure", + "photogravure", + "heliogravure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intaglio print produced by gravure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravure" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoincisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printing plate used in the process of gravure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravy boat", + "gravy holder", + "sauceboat", + "boat" + ], + "it": [ + "salsiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish (often boat-shaped) for serving gravy or sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey", + "gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is a grey color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grease-gun", + "gun" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrassatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-operated pump that resembles a revolver; forces grease into parts of a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greasepaint" + ], + "it": [ + "biuta", + "cerone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greasy substance used as makeup by actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greasy spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small restaurant specializing in short-order fried foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greatcoat", + "overcoat", + "topcoat" + ], + "it": [ + "paltò", + "pastrano", + "soprabito", + "tabarro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greater New Orleans Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twin cantilever bridges across the Mississippi at New Orleans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal hall in a castle or mansion; can be used for dining or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal seal of a government, symbolizing authority or sovereignty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Seal of the United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seal of the United States government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greave", + "jambeau" + ], + "it": [ + "schiniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects legs below the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with each of the four arms the same length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greengrocery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greengrocer's grocery store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greengrocery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "groceries sold by a greengrocer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenhouse", + "nursery", + "glasshouse" + ], + "it": [ + "serra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building with glass walls and roof; for the cultivation and exhibition of plants under controlled conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a backstage room in a theater where performers rest or have visitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grenade" + ], + "it": [ + "granata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small explosive bomb thrown by hand or fired from a missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grid", + "gridiron" + ], + "it": [ + "bistecchiera", + "graticola", + "griglia", + "grill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking utensil of parallel metal bars; used to grill fish or meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grid", + "control grid" + ], + "it": [ + "griglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrode placed between the cathode and anode of a vacuum tube to control the flow of electrons through the tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grid", + "storage-battery grid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perforated or corrugated metal plate used in a storage battery as a conductor and support for the active material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several strips across a sail that can be taken in or rolled up to lessen the area of the sail that is exposed to the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference grid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of horizontal and vertical lines that provide coordinates for locating points on an image or a map" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking utensil consisting of a flat heated surface (as on top of a stove) on which food is cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grigri", + "gres-gris", + "greegree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African amulet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grill", + "grille", + "grillwork" + ], + "it": [ + "bistecchiera", + "grata", + "gratella", + "graticola", + "griglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of metal bars used as a partition or a grate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grille", + "radiator grille" + ], + "it": [ + "griglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grating that admits cooling air to car's radiator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grillroom", + "grill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant where food is cooked on a grill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinder" + ], + "it": [ + "molatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine tool that polishes metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinding wheel", + "emery wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "mola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel composed of abrasive material; used for grinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grindstone" + ], + "it": [ + "mola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolving stone shaped like a disk; used to grind or sharpen or polish edge tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gripsack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small suitcase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grisaille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiaroscuro painting or stained glass etc., in shades of grey imitating the effect of relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griseofulvin", + "Fulvicin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of penicillin (a fungicidal antibiotic with the trade name Fulvicin) produced by molds of the genus Penicillium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gristmill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for grinding grain (especially the customer's own grain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grey wig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery", + "foodstuff" + ], + "it": [ + "commestibile", + "derrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) consumer goods sold by a grocer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sack for holding customer's groceries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery store", + "grocery", + "food market", + "market" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentari", + "drogheria", + "posteria", + "spezieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marketplace where groceries are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse fabric of silk mixed with wool or mohair and often stiffened with gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved edge formed by two intersecting vaults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groined vault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two barrel vaults intersecting at right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that makes grooves by cutting or punching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grosgrain" + ], + "it": [ + "gros-grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silk or silklike fabric with crosswise ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gros point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlepoint embroidery done with large stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gros point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a needlepoint stitch covering two horizontal and two vertical threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grotesque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art characterized by an incongruous mixture of parts of humans and animals interwoven with plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground", + "earth" + ], + "it": [ + "massa", + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage)" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura metallica collegata a terra per disperdere eventuali scariche del conduttore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground bait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bait scattered on the water to attract fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mooring cable; runs from a buoy to a mooring anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system for sending continuous radio messages to an airplane pilot who is making a ground-controlled approach to landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground floor", + "first floor", + "ground level" + ], + "it": [ + "pian terreno", + "piano terra", + "pianoterra", + "pianterreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the floor of a building that is at or nearest to the level of the ground around the building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floor plan for the ground level of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundsheet", + "ground cloth" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproofed piece of cloth spread on the ground (as under a tent) to protect from moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grove", + "woodlet", + "orchard", + "plantation" + ], + "it": [ + "boschetto", + "broilo", + "brolo", + "frutteto", + "pomaio", + "pomario", + "pometo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "G-string", + "thong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimal clothing worn by stripteasers; a narrow strip of fabric that covers the pubic area, passes between the thighs, and is supported by a waistband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guanabenz", + "Wytensin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive drug (trade name Wytensin) that reduces blood pressure by its effect on the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard", + "safety", + "safety device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device designed to prevent injury or accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat that is on guard duty (as in a harbor) around a fleet of warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military facility that serves as the headquarters for military police and in which military prisoners can be detained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardroom" + ], + "it": [ + "garetta", + "garitta", + "guardiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room used by soldiers on guard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell in which soldiers who are prisoners are confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship (at anchor or under way) required to maintain a higher degree of readiness than others in its squadron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard's van" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the car on a train that is occupied by the guard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gueridon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guarnerius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violin made by a member of the Guarneri family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guesthouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house separate from the main house; for housing guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guestroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bedroom that is kept for the use of guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guidance system", + "guidance device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of equipment for automatically guiding the path of a vehicle (especially a missile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure or marking that serves to direct the motion or positioning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guided missile" + ], + "it": [ + "missile teleguidato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket-propelled missile whose path can be controlled during flight either by radio signals or by internal homing devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guided missile cruiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruiser that carries guided missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guided missile frigate" + ], + "it": [ + "fregata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frigate that carries guided missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope used to guide the movement of the load of a crane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guildhall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hall of a guild or corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilloche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural decoration formed by two intersecting wavy bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guillotine" + ], + "it": [ + "ghigliottina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles; used for beheading people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guimpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short blouse with sleeves that is worn under a jumper or pinafore dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guimpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of starched cloth covering the shoulders of a nun's habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guitar" + ], + "it": [ + "chitarra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument usually having six strings; played by strumming or plucking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guitar pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plectrum used to pluck a guitar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian prison camp for political prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun" + ], + "it": [ + "arma da fuoco", + "pistola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunboat" + ], + "it": [ + "cannoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shallow-draft boat carrying mounted guns; used by costal patrols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun carriage" + ], + "it": [ + "affusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework on which a gun is mounted for firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case for storing a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly any deck other than the weather deck having cannons from end to end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun emplacement", + "weapons emplacement" + ], + "it": [ + "piazzola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emplacement for a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun enclosure", + "gun turret", + "turret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-contained weapons platform housing guns and capable of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunflint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the piece of flint that provides the igniting spark in a flintlock weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunlock", + "firing mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action that ignites the charge in a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun muzzle", + "muzzle" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the open circular discharging end of a gun" + ], + "it": [ + "parte anteriore della canna di un’arma da fuoco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunnery" + ], + "it": [ + "artiglieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guns collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunnysack", + "gunny sack", + "burlap bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag made of burlap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballistic pendulum consisting of a suspended gun; the velocity of a projectile in the bore of a gun can be measured by the recoil when the gun is discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military quarters of midshipmen and junior officers on a British warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunsight", + "gun-sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sight used for aiming a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun trigger", + "trigger" + ], + "it": [ + "grilletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lever that activates the firing mechanism of a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunwale", + "gunnel", + "gun rest" + ], + "it": [ + "falchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wale at the top of the side of boat; topmost planking of a wooden vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gurney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal stretcher with wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gusher" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil well with a strong natural flow so that pumping is not necessary" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo petrolifero a eruzione spontanea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gusset", + "inset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of material used to strengthen or enlarge a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gusset", + "gusset plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal plate used to strengthen a joist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter", + "trough" + ], + "it": [ + "doccia", + "grondaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel along the eaves or on the roof; collects and carries away rainwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for gutting fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guy", + "guy cable", + "guy wire", + "guy rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cable, wire, or rope that is used to brace something (especially a tent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effigy of Guy Fawkes that is burned on a bonfire on Guy Fawkes Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnasium", + "gym" + ], + "it": [ + "palestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "athletic facility equipped for sports or physical training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic apparatus", + "exerciser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in gymnastic exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gym shoe", + "sneaker", + "tennis shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas shoe with a pliable rubber sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gym suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothes prescribed for wear while participating in gymnastic exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymslip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeveless tunic worn by English girls as part of a school uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gypsy cab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taxicab that cruises for customers although it is licensed only to respond to calls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyrocompass" + ], + "it": [ + "girobussola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compass that does not depend on magnetism but uses a gyroscope instead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyroscope", + "gyro" + ], + "it": [ + "giroscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotating mechanism in the form of a universally mounted spinning wheel that offers resistance to turns in any direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyrostabilizer", + "gyrostabiliser" + ], + "it": [ + "girostabilizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stabilizer consisting of a heavy gyroscope that spins on a vertical axis; reduces side-to-side rolling of a ship or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haberdashery", + "men's furnishings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the drygoods sold by a haberdasher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habergeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a light sleeveless coat of chain mail worn under the hauberk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit" + ], + "it": [ + "abito", + "abito monacale", + "saio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive attire worn by a member of a religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit", + "riding habit" + ], + "it": [ + "amazzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attire that is typically worn by a horseback rider (especially a woman's attire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacienda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main house on a ranch or large estate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool (as a hoe or pick or mattock) used for breaking up the surface of the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hackney", + "hackney carriage", + "hackney coach" + ], + "it": [ + "fiacre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carriage for hire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacksaw", + "hack saw", + "metal saw" + ], + "it": [ + "seghetto", + "seghetto per metalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saw used with one hand for cutting metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haft", + "helve" + ], + "it": [ + "impugnatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a weapon or tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hagia Sophia", + "Hagia Sofia", + "Santa Sophia", + "Santa Sofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 6th century masterpiece of Byzantine architecture in Istanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque in 1453, and made into a museum in the middle of the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haik", + "haick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer garment consisting of a large piece of white cloth; worn by men and women in northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairbrush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzola per capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush used to groom a person's hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haircloth", + "hair" + ], + "it": [ + "crine", + "crino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth woven from horsehair or camelhair; used for upholstery or stiffening in garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairdressing", + "hair tonic", + "hair oil", + "hair grease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toiletry for the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairnet" + ], + "it": [ + "reticella", + "retina", + "rete per capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small net that some women wear over their hair to keep it in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairpiece", + "false hair", + "postiche" + ], + "it": [ + "posticcio", + "toupet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering or bunch of human or artificial hair used for disguise or adornment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairpin" + ], + "it": [ + "forcina", + "forcella", + "forcina per capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double pronged pin used to hold women's hair in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairpin bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a U-shaped bend in a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair shirt" + ], + "it": [ + "cilicio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncomfortable shirt made of coarse animal hair; worn next to the skin as a penance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair slide" + ], + "it": [ + "fermacapelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative hinged clip that girls and women put in their hair to hold it in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) the narrowest of the spaces used to separate words or letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair spray" + ], + "it": [ + "fissatore", + "lacca", + "lacca per capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toiletry consisting of a commercial preparation that is sprayed on the hair to hold it in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairspring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine spiral spring that regulates the movement of the balance wheel in a timepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair trigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun trigger that responds with little pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halberd" + ], + "it": [ + "alabarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pike fitted with an ax head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half binding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "book binding in which the spine and part of the sides are bound in one material and the rest in another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half cross stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single cross stitch at a diagonal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half hatchet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hatchet with a broad blade on one end and a hammer head of the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot used to fasten a rope temporarily to an object; usually tied double" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-length" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portrait showing the body from only the waist up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoe sole extending from the shank to the toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halftone", + "halftone engraving", + "photoengraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engraving used to reproduce an illustration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halftone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print obtained from photoengraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a track that goes around only rear wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor vehicle propelled by half tracks; frequently used by the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large building for meetings or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hall" + ], + "it": [ + "aula", + "hall", + "sala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large room for gatherings or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large building used by a college or university for teaching or research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall of Fame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building containing trophies honoring famous people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hall of residence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university dormitory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallstand" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccapanni", + "portamantello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture where coats and hats and umbrellas can be hung; usually has a mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallucinogen", + "hallucinogenic drug", + "psychedelic drug", + "psychodelic drug" + ], + "it": [ + "allucinogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychoactive drug that induces hallucinations or altered sensory experiences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallway", + "hall" + ], + "it": [ + "corridoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haloperidol", + "Haldol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer (trade name Haldol) used to treat some psychotic disorders and Tourette's syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halothane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonflammable inhalation anesthetic that produces general anesthesia; used along with analgesics and muscle relaxants for many types of surgical procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's top that fastens behind the back and neck leaving the back and arms uncovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halter", + "hackamore" + ], + "it": [ + "capestro", + "capezza", + "cavezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rope or canvas headgear for a horse, with a rope for leading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halyard", + "halliard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope for raising or lowering a sail or flag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of either of two curved supports that are attached to the collar of a draft horse and that hold the traces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer" + ], + "it": [ + "martello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool with a heavy rigid head and a handle; used to deliver an impulsive force by striking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer", + "power hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool for drilling rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striker that is covered in felt and that causes the piano strings to vibrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer", + "cock" + ], + "it": [ + "cane", + "percussore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a gunlock that strikes the percussion cap when the trigger is pulled" + ], + "it": [ + "nelle armi da fuoco, barretta d'acciaio cilindrica che percuote il detonatore provocando l'accensione della carica di lancio e l'espulsione del proiettile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy metal sphere attached to a flexible wire; used in the hammer throw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammerhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the striking part of a hammer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammock", + "sack" + ], + "it": [ + "amaca", + "branda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hanging bed of canvas or rope netting (usually suspended between two trees); swings easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamper" + ], + "it": [ + "canestro", + "cesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket usually with a cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ], + "it": [ + "lancetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotating pointer on the face of a timepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand ax", + "hand axe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone tool with a cutting edge; the stone is held in the hand and used for chopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla muro", + "pallamuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rubber ball used in playing the game of handball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handball court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the court on which handball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbarrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular frame with handles at both ends; carried by two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell that is held in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand blower", + "blow dryer", + "blow drier", + "hair dryer", + "hair drier" + ], + "it": [ + "Föhn", + "asciugacapelli", + "fon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-held electric blower that can blow warm air onto the hair; used for styling hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bow drawn by hand as distinguished from a crossbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand brake", + "emergency", + "emergency brake", + "parking brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brake operated by hand; usually operates by mechanical linkage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand calculator", + "pocket calculator" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolatrice tascabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculator small enough to hold in the hand or carry in a pocket" + ], + "it": [ + "una calcolatrice piccola abbastanza da poter essere portata in tasca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handcar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small railroad car propelled by hand or by a small motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handcart", + "pushcart", + "cart", + "go-cart" + ], + "it": [ + "baroccino", + "barroccino", + "carretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheeled vehicle that can be pushed by a person; may have one or two or four wheels" + ], + "it": [ + "cassone montato su ruote per il trasporto di cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moisturizing cream for the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handcuff", + "cuff", + "handlock", + "manacle" + ], + "it": [ + "manette", + "manetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shackle that consists of a metal loop that can be locked around the wrist; usually used in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand drill", + "handheld drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small portable drill held and operated by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand glass", + "simple microscope", + "magnifying glass" + ], + "it": [ + "lente d'ingrandimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light microscope consisting of a single convex lens that is used to produce an enlarged image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand glass", + "hand mirror" + ], + "it": [ + "specchietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mirror intended to be held in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand grenade" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba a mano", + "granata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grenade designed to be thrown by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand-held computer", + "hand-held microcomputer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable battery-powered computer small enough to be carried in your pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handhold" + ], + "it": [ + "appiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appendage to hold onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicraft", + "handcraft", + "handiwork", + "handwork" + ], + "it": [ + "artigianato", + "lavoro artigianale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work produced by hand labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handkerchief", + "hankie", + "hanky", + "hankey" + ], + "it": [ + "fazzoletto", + "moccichino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square piece of cloth used for wiping the eyes or nose or as a costume accessory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handle", + "grip", + "handgrip", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "impugnatura", + "manico", + "maniglia", + "manopola", + "presa", + "ansa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appendage to an object that is designed to be held in order to use or move it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handlebar" + ], + "it": [ + "manubrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shaped bar used to steer a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handline", + "hand line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishing line managed principally by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handloom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loom powered by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand lotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lotion used to soften the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand luggage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luggage that is light enough to be carried by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand-me-down" + ], + "it": [ + "vestito di seconda mano", + "vestito usato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outgrown garment passed down from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand mower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawn mower that is operated by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump worked by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand puppet", + "glove puppet", + "glove doll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puppet with a cloth body and hollow head; fits over the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handrest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handsaw", + "hand saw", + "carpenter's saw" + ], + "it": [ + "sega a mano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saw used with one hand for cutting wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handset", + "French telephone" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevitore telefonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "telephone set with the mouthpiece and earpiece mounted on a single handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand shovel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shovel that is operated by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handspike" + ], + "it": [ + "leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal bar (or length of pipe) used as a lever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handstamp", + "rubber stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stamp (usually made of rubber) for imprinting a mark or design by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand throttle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-operated lever that controls the throttle valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand tool" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "utensile manuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used with workers' hands" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo usato con le mani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand towel", + "face towel" + ], + "it": [ + "salvietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small towel used to dry the hands or face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand truck", + "truck" + ], + "it": [ + "carrello", + "carretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handcart that has a frame with two low wheels and a ledge at the bottom and handles at the top; used to move crates or other heavy objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwear", + "hand wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing for the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control consisting of a wheel whose rim serves as the handle by which a part is operated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel worked by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangar queen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane with a bad maintenance record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything from which something can be hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang glider" + ], + "it": [ + "deltaplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glider resembling a large kite; the rider hangs from it while descending from a height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanging", + "wall hanging" + ], + "it": [ + "parati", + "tappezzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanging Gardens of Babylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terraced garden at Babylon watered by pumps from the Euphrates; construction attributed to Nebuchadnezzar around 600 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangman's rope", + "hangman's halter", + "halter", + "hemp", + "hempen necktie" + ], + "it": [ + "capestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope that is used by a hangman to execute persons who have been condemned to death by hanging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hank" + ], + "it": [ + "matassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coil of rope or wool or yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hansom", + "hansom cab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-wheeled horse-drawn covered carriage with the driver's seat above and behind the passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor", + "harbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of refuge and comfort and security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardback", + "hardcover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book with cardboard or cloth or leather covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard disc", + "hard disk", + "fixed disk" + ], + "it": [ + "disco rigido", + "hard disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid magnetic disk mounted permanently in a drive unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard drug" + ], + "it": [ + "droga pesante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic that is considered relatively strong and likely to cause addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard hat", + "tin hat", + "safety hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight protective helmet (plastic or metal) worn by construction workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paved strip beside a motorway (for stopping in emergencies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardtop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that resembles a convertible but has a fixed rigid top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardware", + "computer hardware" + ], + "it": [ + "hardware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "major items of military weaponry (as tanks or missile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardware", + "ironware" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrame", + "ferramenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrumentalities (tools or implements) made of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardware store", + "ironmonger", + "ironmonger's shop" + ], + "it": [ + "ferramenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store selling hardware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harem", + "hareem", + "seraglio", + "serail" + ], + "it": [ + "harem", + "serraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living quarters reserved for wives and concubines and female relatives in a Muslim household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonica", + "mouth organ", + "harp", + "mouth harp" + ], + "it": [ + "armonica", + "armonica a bocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rectangular free-reed instrument having a row of free reeds set back in air holes and played by blowing into the desired hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonium", + "organ", + "reed organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a free-reed instrument in which air is forced through the reeds by bellows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness" + ], + "it": [ + "bardatura", + "finimenti", + "imbrigliatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of an arrangement of leather straps fitted to a draft animal so that it can be attached to and pull a cart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness" + ], + "it": [ + "imbracatura", + "imbragatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support consisting of an arrangement of straps for holding something to the body (especially one supporting a person suspended from a parachute)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harp" + ], + "it": [ + "arpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chordophone that has a triangular frame consisting of a sounding board and a pillar and a curved neck; the strings stretched between the neck and the soundbox are plucked with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of curved vertical supports for a lampshade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpoon" + ], + "it": [ + "arpione", + "arpone", + "fiocina", + "lancia", + "rampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spear with a shaft and barbed point for throwing; used for catching large fish or whales; a strong line is attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpoon gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cannon or similar gun that fires harpoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpoon line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong rope for making the catch fast to the harpooner's boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpoon log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical log with a device that registers distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpsichord", + "cembalo" + ], + "it": [ + "arpacordo", + "arpicordo", + "cembalo", + "clavicembalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clavier with strings that are plucked by plectra mounted on pivots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris Tweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosely woven tweed made in the Outer Hebrides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harrow" + ], + "it": [ + "erpice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cultivator that pulverizes or smooths the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harvard University", + "Harvard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Massachusetts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvester", + "reaper" + ], + "it": [ + "raccoglitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farm machine that gathers a food crop from the fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hash house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexpensive restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hashish", + "hasheesh", + "haschisch", + "hash" + ], + "it": [ + "hascisc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purified resinous extract of the hemp plant; used as a hallucinogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener for a door or lid; a hinged metal plate is fitted over a staple and is locked with a pin or padlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hassock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion for kneeling on (as when praying in church)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hat", + "chapeau", + "lid" + ], + "it": [ + "cappello", + "copricapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatband" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "nastro del cappello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band around the crown of a hat just above the brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatbox" + ], + "it": [ + "cappelliera", + "portacappelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round piece of luggage for carrying hats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable barrier covering a hatchway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchback", + "hatchback door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloping rear car door that is lifted to open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car having a hatchback door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchel", + "heckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comb for separating flax fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchet" + ], + "it": [ + "accetta", + "ascia", + "manaiuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ax with a short handle used with one hand (usually to chop wood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchway", + "opening", + "scuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "boccaporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance equipped with a hatch; especially a passageway between decks of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatpin" + ], + "it": [ + "spillo", + "spillone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long sturdy pin used by women to secure a hat to their hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hauberk", + "byrnie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long (usually sleeveless) tunic of chain mail formerly worn as defensive armor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "havelock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth covering for a service cap with a flap extending over the back of the neck to protect the neck from direct rays of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haven", + "oasis" + ], + "it": [ + "oasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian guitar", + "steel guitar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guitar whose steel strings are twanged while being pressed with a movable steel bar for a glissando effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawse", + "hawsehole", + "hawsepipe" + ], + "it": [ + "cubia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hole that an anchor rope passes through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawser" + ], + "it": [ + "canapo", + "cima", + "gherlino", + "gomena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heavy rope for nautical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawser bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot uniting the ends of two lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hay bale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bale of hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hayfork" + ], + "it": [ + "forca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled fork for turning or lifting hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hayloft", + "haymow", + "mow" + ], + "it": [ + "fienile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loft in a barn where hay is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haymaker", + "hay conditioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm machine that treats hay to cause more rapid and even drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hayrack", + "hayrig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frame attached to a wagon to increase the amount of hay it can carry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hayrack" + ], + "it": [ + "greppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack that holds hay for feeding livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haywire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wire for tying up bales of hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstacle on a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "capocchia", + "cappello", + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection out from one end" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità ingrossata e arrotondata di alcuni oggetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a toilet on board a boat or ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the striking part of a tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the obverse side of a coin that usually bears the representation of a person's head" + ], + "it": [ + "parte della moneta su cui è impressa una testa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headband" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fascia per i capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band worn around or over the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headboard" + ], + "it": [ + "spalliera", + "testata", + "testiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical board or panel forming the head of a bedstead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head covering", + "veil" + ], + "it": [ + "veletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment that covers the head and face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headdress", + "headgear" + ], + "it": [ + "acconciatura", + "copricapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing for the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that cuts the heads off grain and moves them into a wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framing member crossing and supporting the ends of joists, studs, or rafters so as to transfer their weight to parallel joists, studs, or rafters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header", + "coping", + "cope" + ], + "it": [ + "cimasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brick that is laid sideways at the top of a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "header", + "lintel" + ], + "it": [ + "architrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horizontal beam used as a finishing piece over a door or window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headfast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mooring line that secures the bow of a boat or ship to a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head gasket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasket to seal a cylinder head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate upstream from a lock or canal that is used to control the flow of water at the upper end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headgear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of any part of a harness that fits about the horse's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headgear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hoist at the pithead of a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headlight", + "headlamp" + ], + "it": [ + "faro", + "proiettore", + "fanale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful light with reflector; attached to the front of an automobile or locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective helmet for the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headpin", + "kingpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front bowling pin in the triangular arrangement of ten pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headquarters", + "HQ", + "military headquarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military installation from which a commander performs the functions of command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headquarters", + "central office", + "main office", + "home office", + "home base" + ], + "it": [ + "sede", + "quartier generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterway that feeds water to a mill or water wheel or turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headrest" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiacapo", + "appoggiatesta", + "poggiacapo", + "poggiatesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rest for the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headrest", + "head restraint" + ], + "it": [ + "poggiatesta", + "reggitesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion attached to the top of the back of an automobile's seat to prevent whiplash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sail set forward of the foremast of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headscarf" + ], + "it": [ + "fazzoletto", + "foulard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kerchief worn over the head and tied under the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headset" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receiver consisting of a pair of headphones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop specializing in articles of interest to drug users" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headshot" + ], + "it": [ + "primo piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph of a person's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headstall", + "headpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the band that is the part of a bridle that fits around a horse's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stationary support in a machine or power tool that supports and drives a revolving part (as a chuck or the spindle on a lathe)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health spa", + "spa", + "health club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of business with equipment and facilities for exercising and improving physical fitness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing aid", + "ear trumpet" + ], + "it": [ + "cornetto acustico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical acoustic device formerly used to direct sound to the ear of a hearing-impaired person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing aid", + "deaf-aid" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio acustico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that amplifies sound and is worn to compensate for poor hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearse" + ], + "it": [ + "carro funebre", + "carrozzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle for carrying a coffin to a church or a cemetery; formerly drawn by horses but now usually a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card in the major suit that has one or more red hearts on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearth", + "fireside" + ], + "it": [ + "focolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "home symbolized as a part of the fireplace" + ], + "it": [ + "focolare domestico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearthrug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rug spread out in front of a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearthstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone that forms a hearth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart-lung machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump to maintain circulation during heart surgery; diverts blood from the heart and oxygenates it and then pumps it through the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implant that replaces a natural cardiac valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any engine that makes use of heat to do work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heater", + "warmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat exchanger" + ], + "it": [ + "rigeneratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that transfers heat from one liquid to another without allowing them to mix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heating element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the component of a heater or range that transforms fuel or electricity into heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heating pad", + "hot pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater consisting of electrical heating elements contained in a flexible pad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heating system", + "heating plant", + "heating", + "heat" + ], + "it": [ + "riscaldamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utility to warm a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat lamp", + "infrared lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric heater consisting of a high-power incandescent lamp that emits infrared radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus that extracts heat from a liquid that is at a higher temperature than its surroundings; can be used to transfer heat from a reservoir outside in order to heat a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat-seeking missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missile with a guidance system that directs it toward targets emitting infrared radiation (as the emissions of a jet engine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat shield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that protects a spacecraft from overheating on reentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat sink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal conductor specially designed to conduct (and radiate) heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large medieval helmet supported on the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar used as a lever (as in twisting rope)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavier-than-air craft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-buoyant aircraft that requires a source of power to hold it aloft and to propel it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heckelphone", + "basset oboe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oboe pitched an octave below the ordinary oboe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectograph", + "heliotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duplicator consisting of a gelatin plate from which ink can be taken to make a copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge", + "hedgerow" + ], + "it": [ + "siepe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence formed by a row of closely planted shrubs or bushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge trimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden tool for trimming hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ], + "it": [ + "calcagno", + "tacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom of a shoe or boot; the back part of a shoe or boot that touches the ground and provides elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the part of the clubhead where it joins the shaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower end of a ship's mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helicon", + "bombardon" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardone", + "elicone", + "flicorno basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuba that coils over the shoulder of the musician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helicopter", + "chopper", + "whirlybird", + "eggbeater" + ], + "it": [ + "elicottero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft without wings that obtains its lift from the rotation of overhead blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliograph" + ], + "it": [ + "eliografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for sending telegraphic messages by using a mirror to turn the sun's rays off and on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used to measure the angular separation of two stars that are too far apart to be included in the field of view of an ordinary telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliport" + ], + "it": [ + "eliporto", + "eliscalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airport for helicopters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helm" + ], + "it": [ + "timone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steering mechanism for a vessel; a mechanical device by which a vessel is steered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helmet" + ], + "it": [ + "casco", + "cimiere", + "cimiero", + "elmetto", + "elmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective headgear made of hard material to resist blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helmet" + ], + "it": [ + "cimiere", + "cimiero", + "elmetto", + "elmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem" + ], + "it": [ + "bordatura", + "bordo", + "bordura", + "falda", + "lembo", + "orlatura", + "orlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edge of a piece of cloth; especially the finished edge that has been doubled under and stitched down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematinic", + "haematinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that increases the hemoglobin content of the blood; used to treat iron-deficiency anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematocrit", + "haematocrit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument to determine (usually by centrifugation) the relative amounts of corpuscles and plasma in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemming-stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch used in sewing hems on skirts and dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemostat", + "haemostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument that stops bleeding by clamping the blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemstitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery similar to drawnwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemstitch", + "hemstitching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch in which parallel threads are drawn and exposed threads are caught together in groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henroost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roost for hens at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heparin", + "Lipo-Hepin", + "Liquaemin" + ], + "it": [ + "eparina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polysaccharide produced in basophils (especially in the lung and liver) and that inhibits the activity of thrombin in coagulation of the blood; it (trade names Lipo-Hepin and Liquaemin) is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombosis and in heart surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heraldry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emblem indicating the right of a person to bear arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbal medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine made from plants and used to prevent or treat disease or promote health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden for growing herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statue consisting of a squared stone pillar with a carved head (usually a bearded Hermes) on top; used in ancient Greece as a boundary marker or signpost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermitage" + ], + "it": [ + "eremitaggio", + "eremo", + "romitaggio", + "romitorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abode of a hermit" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo solitario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroin", + "diacetylmorphine" + ], + "it": [ + "ero", + "eroina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic that is considered a hard drug; a highly addictive morphine derivative; intravenous injection provides the fastest and most intense rush" + ], + "it": [ + "droga pesante derivata dalla morfina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herringbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twilled fabric with a herringbone pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herringbone", + "herringbone pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of columns of short parallel lines with all the lines in one column sloping one way and lines in adjacent columns sloping the other way; it is used in weaving, masonry, parquetry, embroidery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herschelian telescope", + "off-axis reflector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflecting telescope with the mirror slightly tilted to throw the image to the side where it can be viewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hessian boot", + "hessian", + "jackboot", + "Wellington", + "Wellington boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(19th century) a man's high tasseled boot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterodyne receiver", + "superheterodyne receiver", + "superhet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio receiver that combines a locally generated frequency with the carrier frequency to produce a supersonic signal that is demodulated and amplified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexachlorophene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial substance that is a water-soluble powder used in antiseptic soaps and toothpaste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hex nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nut with a hexagonal shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable brazier that burns charcoal and has a grill for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hideaway", + "retreat" + ], + "it": [ + "eremo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where you can be alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hi-fi", + "high fidelity sound system" + ], + "it": [ + "hi-fi", + "impianto hi-fi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment for the reproduction of sound with high fidelity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high altar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main altar in a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-angle gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cannon that can be fired at a high elevation for relatively short ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highball glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall glass for serving highballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high diving board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highboy", + "tallboy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cassettone alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall chest of drawers divided into two sections and supported on four legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highchair", + "feeding chair" + ], + "it": [ + "seggiolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair for feeding a very young child; has four long legs and a footrest and a detachable tray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high gear", + "high" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forward gear with a gear ratio that gives the greatest vehicle velocity for a given engine speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-hat cymbal", + "high hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cymbals that are operated by a foot pedal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highlighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorescent marker used to mark important passages in a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highlighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmetic used to highlight the eyes or cheekbones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-pass filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter that passes frequencies above a certain value and attenuates frequencies below that value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-rise", + "tower block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tower consisting of a multistoried building of offices or apartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highroad", + "trunk road" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dining table in a dining-hall raised on a platform; seats are reserved for distinguished persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-warp loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handloom in which the warp is carried vertically; for weaving tapestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highway", + "main road" + ], + "it": [ + "strada principale", + "strada maestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major road for any form of motor transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highway system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transportation system consisting of roads for motor transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tightrope very high above the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hijab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headscarf worn by Muslim women; conceals the hair and neck and usually has a face veil that covers the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilt" + ], + "it": [ + "elsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a sword or dagger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindrance", + "hinderance", + "hitch", + "preventive", + "preventative", + "encumbrance", + "incumbrance", + "interference" + ], + "it": [ + "impaccio", + "impedimento", + "impiccio", + "ingombro", + "intoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any obstruction that impedes or is burdensome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinge", + "flexible joint" + ], + "it": [ + "arpione", + "cardine", + "cerniera", + "ganghero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinging post", + "swinging post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gatepost on which the gate is hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip boot", + "thigh boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very high boot; used especially for fishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hipflask", + "pocket flask" + ], + "it": [ + "fiasca", + "fiaschetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flask that holds spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn by football and hockey players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket in rear of trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hippodrome" + ], + "it": [ + "ippodromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stadium for horse shows or horse races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip roof", + "hipped roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roof having sloping ends as well as sloping sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histamine blocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine used to treat the gastric effects of histamine in cases of peptic ulcers and gastritis and gastroesophageal reflux; works by blocking the effects of histamine on the receptor site known as H2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dose of a narcotic drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot that can be undone by pulling against the strain that holds it; a temporary knot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection between a vehicle and the load that it pulls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitching post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed post with a ring to which a horse can be hitched to prevent it from straying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitchrack", + "hitching bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed horizontal rail to which a horse can be hitched to prevent it from straying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelf beside an open fire where something can be kept warm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard steel edge tool used to cut gears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobble skirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long skirt very narrow below the knees, worn between 1910 and 1914" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobby", + "hobbyhorse", + "rocking horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo a dondolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's plaything consisting of an imitation horse mounted on rockers; the child straddles it and pretends to ride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobnail" + ], + "it": [ + "bulletta", + "chiodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short nail with a thick head; used to protect the soles of boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice skate worn for playing hockey; has a short blade and a strong boot to protect the feet and ankles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey stick" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone da hockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports implement consisting of a stick used by hockey players to move the puck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open box attached to a long pole handle; bricks or mortar are carried on the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hodoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) scientific instrument that traces the path of a charged particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoe" + ], + "it": [ + "marra", + "zappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool with a flat blade attached at right angles to a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoe handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a hoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Navajo lodge covered with earth; traditionally built with the entrance facing east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogshead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cask especially one holding 63 gals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoist" + ], + "it": [ + "elevatore", + "paranco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lifting device for raising heavy or cumbersome objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell in a jail or prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stronghold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jail in a courthouse where accused persons can be confined during a trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding device" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for holding something" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio per tenere fermo qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding pen", + "holding paddock", + "holding yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen where livestock is temporarily confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole" + ], + "it": [ + "buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening deliberately made in or through something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole", + "golf hole" + ], + "it": [ + "buca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one playing period (from tee to green) on a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(poker) a playing card dealt face down and not revealed until the showdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollowware", + "holloware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silverware serving dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hologram", + "holograph" + ], + "it": [ + "ologramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intermediate photograph (or photographic record) that contains information for reproducing a three-dimensional image by holography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holster" + ], + "it": [ + "fodero", + "fondina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheath (usually leather) for carrying a handgun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt with loops or slots for carrying small hand tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy of holies", + "sanctum sanctorum" + ], + "it": [ + "sancta sanctorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) sanctuary comprised of the innermost chamber of the Tabernacle in the temple of Solomon where the Ark of the Covenant was kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Sepulcher", + "Holy Sepulchre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sepulcher in which Christ's body lay between burial and resurrection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home", + "nursing home", + "rest home" + ], + "it": [ + "pensionato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution where people are cared for" + ], + "it": [ + "una istituzione dove le persone sono accudite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home appliance", + "household appliance" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodomestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appliance that does a particular job in the home" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio elettrico di uso domestico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer intended for use in the home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) the court where the host team plays its home games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home-farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm that supplies the needs of a large estate of establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home plate", + "home base", + "home", + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto", + "casa base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home room", + "homeroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classroom in which all students in a particular grade (or in a division of a grade) meet at certain times under the supervision of a teacher who takes attendance and does other administrative business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homespun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rough loosely woven fabric originally made with yarn that was spun at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestead" + ], + "it": [ + "casolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwelling that is usually a farmhouse and adjoining land" + ], + "it": [ + "tenuta di beni o terreni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the straight stretch of a racetrack leading to the finish line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home theater", + "home theatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "television and video equipment designed to reproduce in the home the experience of being in a movie theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homing device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mechanism in a guided missile that guides it toward its objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homing torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torpedo that is guided to its target (as by the sound of a ship's engines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homolosine projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equal-area projection map of the globe; oceans are distorted in order to minimize the distortion of the continents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hone" + ], + "it": [ + "affilatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whetstone made of fine gritstone; used for sharpening razors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb" + ], + "it": [ + "favo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of hexagonal cells resembling the honeycomb built by bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honkytonk", + "dive" + ], + "it": [ + "bettola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap disreputable nightclub or dance hall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood", + "bonnet", + "cowl", + "cowling" + ], + "it": [ + "cappa", + "kappa", + "cofano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering consisting of a metal part that covers the engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headdress that protects the head and face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ], + "it": [ + "capote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the folding roof of a carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood", + "exhaust hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal covering leading to a vent that exhausts smoke or fumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(falconry) a leather covering for a hawk's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood", + "lens hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular attachment used to keep stray light out of the lens of a camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood latch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catch that holds the hood of a car shut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something believed to bring bad luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood ornament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament on the front of the hood of a car emblematic of the manufacturer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ], + "it": [ + "uncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved or bent implement for suspending or pulling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "claw" + ], + "it": [ + "appendiabiti", + "arpione", + "attaccapanni", + "gancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that is curved or bent to suspend or hold or pull something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catch for locking a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hookah", + "narghile", + "nargileh", + "sheesha", + "shisha", + "chicha", + "calean", + "kalian", + "water pipe", + "hubble-bubble", + "hubbly-bubbly" + ], + "it": [ + "narghilè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oriental tobacco pipe with a long flexible tube connected to a container where the smoke is cooled by passing through water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook and eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of fastener used on clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hookup", + "assemblage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of components assembled together for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hookup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device providing a connection between a power source and a user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook wrench", + "hook spanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with a hook that fits over a nut or bolt head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoop", + "ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello", + "cerchio", + "fascetta", + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid circular band of metal or wood or other material used for holding or fastening or hanging or pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light curved skeleton to spread out a skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoopskirt", + "crinoline" + ], + "it": [ + "crinolina", + "faldiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skirt stiffened with hoops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoosegow", + "hoosgow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for a jail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of vacuum cleaner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoover Dam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dam built in 1933 on the Colorado River in Nevada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope chest", + "wedding chest" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cassa del corredo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chest for storage of clothing (trousseau) and household goods in anticipation of marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop garden", + "hop field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden where hops are grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "funnel-shaped receptacle; contents pass by gravity into a receptacle below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop-picker", + "hopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine used for picking hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall pole to support the wires on which the hop plant is trained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopsacking", + "hopsack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosely woven coarse fabric of cotton or linen; used in clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal bar", + "high bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic apparatus consisting of a bar supported in a horizontal position by uprights at both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical drawing of an object as if made by a plane cutting through it horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal stabilizer", + "horizontal stabiliser", + "tailplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horizontal airfoil of an aircraft's tail assembly that is fixed and to which the elevator is hinged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal surface", + "level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horizontal stabilizer and elevator in the tail assembly of an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alarm device that makes a loud warning sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn", + "saddle horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high pommel of a Western saddle (usually metal covered with leather)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisemaker (as at parties or games) that makes a loud noise when you blow through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device having the shape of a horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a button that you press to activate the horn of an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornpipe", + "pibgorn", + "stockhorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient (now obsolete) single-reed woodwind; usually made of bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagram of the positions of the planets and signs of the zodiac at a particular time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horror" + ], + "it": [ + "ignominia", + "obbrobrio", + "orrore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that inspires dislike; something horrible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse", + "gymnastic horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a padded gymnastic apparatus on legs" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo ginnico, costituito da una struttura imbottita fissata su quattro gambe, usato per il salto e il volteggio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsebox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyance (railroad car or trailer) for transporting racehorses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsecar" + ], + "it": [ + "omnibus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of streetcar that was drawn by horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse cart", + "horse-cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy cart; drawn by a horse; used for farm work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsecloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth for the trapping of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse-drawn vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle drawn by one or more horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsehair" + ], + "it": [ + "crine", + "crino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made from fibers taken from the mane or tail of horses; used for upholstery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsehair wig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wig made of horsehair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseless carriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early term for an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse pistol", + "horse-pistol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pistol (usually in a holster) formerly carried by horsemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe", + "shoe" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro di cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "U-shaped plate nailed to underside of horse's hoof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of an open ring of iron used in playing horseshoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse-trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail for horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsewhip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whip for controlling horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hose", + "hosepipe" + ], + "it": [ + "budello", + "manichetta", + "tubo di gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible pipe for conveying a liquid or gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man's close-fitting garment of the 16th and 17th centuries covering the legs and reaching up to the waist; worn with a doublet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hosiery", + "hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socks and stockings and tights collectively (the British include underwear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospice" + ], + "it": [ + "ospizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lodging for travelers (especially one kept by a monastic order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital", + "infirmary" + ], + "it": [ + "ospedale", + "nosocomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a health facility where patients receive treatment" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto pubblico o privato destinato al ricovero e alla cura medica o chirurgica di quanti necessitano di assistenza sanitaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single bed with a frame in three sections so the head or middle or foot can be raised as required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital room" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza d'ospedale", + "stanza di ospedale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a hospital for the care of patients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship built to serve as a hospital; used for wounded in wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military train built to transport wounded troops to a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostel", + "youth hostel", + "student lodging" + ], + "it": [ + "ostello della gioventù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inexpensive supervised lodging (especially for youths on bicycling trips)" + ], + "it": [ + "albergo attrezzato per accogliere i turisti per lo piu` con una piccola spesa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostel", + "hostelry", + "inn", + "lodge", + "auberge" + ], + "it": [ + "locanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel providing overnight lodging for travelers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-air balloon" + ], + "it": [ + "balloon", + "mongolfiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balloon for travel through the air in a basket suspended below a large bag of heated air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotbed" + ], + "it": [ + "letto caldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed of earth covered with glass and heated by rotting manure to promote the growth of plants" + ], + "it": [ + "terreno coperto con vetri o stuoie e particolarmente concimato per raggiungere e mantenere temperature adatte alla forzatura e protezione di piante fuori stagione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journal bearing (as of a railroad car) that has overheated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel" + ], + "it": [ + "albergo", + "hotel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel-casino", + "casino-hotel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses both a hotel and a casino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel-casino", + "casino-hotel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business establishment that combines a casino and a hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel room" + ], + "it": [ + "camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bedroom (usually with bath) in a hotel" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza, solitamente con bagno, in un albergo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot line" + ], + "it": [ + "telefono rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a direct telephone line between two officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skin-tight very short pants worn by young women as an outer garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot plate", + "hotplate" + ], + "it": [ + "fornello", + "piastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable electric appliance for heating or cooking or keeping food warm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot rod", + "hot-rod" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina truccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car modified to increase its speed and acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot spot", + "hotspot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively entertainment spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot tub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large tub (large enough for more than one bather) filled with hot water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-water bottle", + "hot-water bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stoppered receptacle (usually made of rubber) that is to be filled with hot water and used for warming a bed or parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houndstooth check", + "hound's-tooth check", + "dogstooth check", + "dogs-tooth check", + "dog's-tooth check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "textile with a pattern of small broken or jagged checks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hourglass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandglass that runs for sixty minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour hand", + "little hand" + ], + "it": [ + "lancetta delle ore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shorter hand of a clock that points to the hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "casa", + "abitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio destinato ad abitazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building in which something is sheltered or located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houseboat" + ], + "it": [ + "casa galleggiante", + "house boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barge that is designed and equipped for use as a dwelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houselights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lights that illuminate the audience's part of a theater or other auditorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house of cards", + "cardhouse", + "card-house", + "cardcastle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable construction with playing cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house of correction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a jail or other place of detention for persons convicted of minor offences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house paint", + "housepaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint used to cover the exterior woodwork of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housetop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roof of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing", + "lodging", + "living accommodations" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structures collectively in which people are housed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective cover designed to contain or support a mechanical component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hovel", + "hut", + "hutch", + "shack", + "shanty" + ], + "it": [ + "abituro", + "baracca", + "bicocca", + "capanna", + "capanno", + "casipola", + "casotto", + "casupola", + "catapecchia", + "spelonca", + "stamberga", + "topaia", + "tugurio", + "canzone marinaresca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small crude shelter used as a dwelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hovercraft", + "ground-effect machine" + ], + "it": [ + "aeroscivolante", + "hovercraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craft capable of moving over water or land on a cushion of air created by jet engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howdah", + "houdah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually canopied) seat for riding on the back of a camel or elephant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huarache", + "huaraches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandal with flat heels and an upper of woven leather straps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hub" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central part of a car wheel (or fan or propeller etc) through which the shaft or axle passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hub-and-spoke", + "hub-and-spoke system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of air transportation in which local airports offer air transportation to a central airport where long-distance flights are available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hubcap" + ], + "it": [ + "coprimozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cap that fits over the hub of a wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huck", + "huckaback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toweling consisting of coarse absorbent cotton or linen fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hug-me-tight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's fitted jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hula-hoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a tubular plastic hoop for swinging around the hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hulk" + ], + "it": [ + "carcassa", + "nave in disarmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that has been wrecked and abandoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hull" + ], + "it": [ + "scafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frame or body of ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humber Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge at Hull, England; 4,626 feet long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humeral veil", + "veil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vestment worn by a priest at High Mass in the Roman Catholic Church; a silk shawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humming top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a top that makes a humming noise as it spins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humvee", + "Hum-Vee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high mobility, multipurpose, military vehicle with four-wheel drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunter", + "hunting watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch with a hinged metal lid to protect the crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sharp knife with a handle shaped to fit the grip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurdle" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light movable barrier that competitors must leap over in certain races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurricane deck", + "hurricane roof", + "promenade deck", + "awning deck" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte di passeggiata", + "ponte di passeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deck at the top of a passenger ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurricane lamp", + "hurricane lantern", + "tornado lantern", + "storm lantern", + "storm lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada controvento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil lamp with a glass chimney and perforated metal lid to protect the flame from high winds; candlestick with a glass chimney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hut", + "army hut", + "field hut" + ], + "it": [ + "baracca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary military shelter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cage (usually made of wood and wire mesh) for small animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hutment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an encampment of huts (chiefly military)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydantoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of anticonvulsant drugs used in treating epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydralazine", + "Apresoline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihypertensive drug (trade name Apresoline) that dilates blood vessels; used (often with a diuretic) to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrant" + ], + "it": [ + "idrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may be drawn from the mains of waterworks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic brake", + "hydraulic brakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brake system in which a brake pedal moves a piston in the master cylinder; brake fluid then applies great force to the brake pads or shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press in which a force applied by a piston to a small area is transmitted through water to another piston having a large area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i54999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic pump", + "hydraulic ram" + ], + "it": [ + "ariete", + "ariete idraulico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water pump that uses the kinetic energy of flowing water to force a small fraction of that water to a reservoir at a higher level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism operated by the resistance offered or the pressure transmitted when a liquid is forced through a small opening or tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic transmission", + "hydraulic transmission system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission that depends on a hydraulic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrochlorothiazide", + "Microzide", + "Esidrix", + "HydroDIURIL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diuretic drug (trade name Microzide, Esidrix, and HydroDIURIL) used in the treatment of hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroelectric turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turbine consisting of a large and efficient version of a water wheel used to drive an electric generator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroflumethiazide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrofoil", + "hydroplane" + ], + "it": [ + "aliscafo", + "idroplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speedboat that is equipped with winglike structures that lift it so that it skims the water at high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrofoil", + "foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device consisting of a flat or curved piece (as a metal plate) so that its surface reacts to the water it is passing through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen bomb", + "H-bomb", + "fusion bomb", + "thermonuclear bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba H", + "bomba all'idrogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear weapon that releases atomic energy by union of light (hydrogen) nuclei at high temperatures to form helium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrometer", + "gravimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "areometro", + "gravimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for determining the specific gravity of a liquid or solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydromorphone hydrochloride", + "hydromorphone", + "Dilaudid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic analgesic (trade name Dilaudid) used to treat moderate to severe pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxychloroquine", + "Plaquenil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Plaquenil) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and malaria and lupus erythematosus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroxyzine hydrochloride", + "hydroxyzine", + "Atarax", + "Vistaril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade names Atarax and Vistaril) used as a tranquilizer to treat anxiety and motion sickness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygrodeik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wet and dry bulb hygrometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "igrometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for measuring the relative humidity of the atmosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "Strumento per misurare l'umidità dell'aria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygroscope" + ], + "it": [ + "igroscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hygrometer that shows variations in the relative humidity of the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyoscyamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous crystalline alkaloid (isometric with atropine but more potent); used to treat excess motility of the gastrointestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbaric chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large chamber in which the oxygen pressure is above normal for the atmosphere; used in treating breathing disorders or carbon monoxide poisoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercoaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roller coaster that goes up 200 feet or higher and can catapult riders from 0 to 70 mph in 4 seconds by motors originally designed to launch rockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypermarket" + ], + "it": [ + "ipermercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a huge supermarket (usually built on the outskirts of a town)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypodermic needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypodermic syringe", + "hypodermic", + "hypo" + ], + "it": [ + "siringa ipodermica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piston syringe that is fitted with a hypodermic needle for giving injections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypsometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an altimeter that uses the boiling point of water to determine land elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysterosalpingogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "X ray of the uterus and Fallopian tubes; usually done in diagnosing infertility (to see if there any blockages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I-beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "girder having a cross section resembling the letter `I'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ibuprofen", + "isobutylphenyl propionic acid", + "Advil", + "Motrin", + "Nuprin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic medicine (trade names Advil and Motrin and Nuprin) used to relieve the pain of arthritis and as an antipyretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice ax", + "ice axe", + "piolet" + ], + "it": [ + "piccozza", + "piccozza da ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ax used by mountain climbers for cutting footholds in ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iceboat", + "ice yacht", + "scooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with runners and a cross-shaped frame; suitable for traveling over ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icebreaker", + "iceboat" + ], + "it": [ + "rompighiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship with a reinforced bow to break up ice and keep channels open for navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice cube" + ], + "it": [ + "cubetto di ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cube of artificial ice; used for cooling drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iced-tea spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teaspoon with a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice hockey rink", + "ice-hockey rink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice rink for playing ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icehouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house for storing ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric refrigerator to supply ice cubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appliance included in some electric refrigerators for making ice cubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice pack", + "ice bag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "impacco di ghiacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof bag filled with ice: applied to the body (especially the head) to cool or reduce swelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icepick", + "ice pick" + ], + "it": [ + "rompighiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick consisting of a steel rod with a sharp point; used for breaking up blocks of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice rink", + "ice-skating rink", + "ice" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pista di pattinaggio su ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rink with a floor of ice for ice hockey or ice skating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice skate" + ], + "it": [ + "pattino da ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skate consisting of a boot with a steel blade fitted to the sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice tongs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tongs for lifting blocks of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icetray" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray for making cubes of ice in a refrigerator" + ], + "it": [ + "vaschetta per il ghiaccio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice wagon", + "ice-wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a horse-drawn wagon that delivered ice door to door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icon", + "ikon" + ], + "it": [ + "icona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional religious painting in oil on a small wooden panel; venerated in the Eastern Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the images and symbolic representations that are traditionally associated with a person or a subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "iconoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first practical television-camera for picture pickup; invented in 1923 by Vladimir Kosma Zworykin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Identikit", + "Identikit picture" + ], + "it": [ + "identikit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a likeness of a person's face constructed from descriptions given to police; uses a set of transparencies of various facial features that can be combined to build up a picture of the person sought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iditarod Trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail that extends 1,100 miles from Anchorage over the Alaska Range to Nome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idle pulley", + "idler pulley", + "idle wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pulley on a shaft that presses against a guide belt to guide or tighten it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idol", + "graven image", + "god" + ], + "it": [ + "idolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material effigy that is worshipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "igloo", + "iglu" + ], + "it": [ + "igloo", + "iglò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Eskimo hut; usually built of blocks (of sod or snow) in the shape of a dome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition", + "ignition system" + ], + "it": [ + "accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mechanism that ignites the fuel in an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition coil" + ], + "it": [ + "spinterogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an induction coil that converts current from a battery into the high-voltage current required by spark plugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition key" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave d'accensione", + "chiave dell'accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a key that operates the ignition switch of an automotive engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignition switch" + ], + "it": [ + "interruttore dell'accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "switch that operates a solenoid that closes a circuit to operate the starter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illustration" + ], + "it": [ + "figura", + "illustrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual representation (a picture or diagram) that is used make some subject more pleasing or easier to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostel for pilgrims in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbrication", + "overlapping", + "lapping" + ], + "it": [ + "accavallamento", + "embricatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering with a design in which one element covers a part of another (as with tiles or shingles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imipramine", + "impramine hydrochloride", + "Imavate", + "Tofranil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant (trade names Imavate and Tofranil) used to treat clinical depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitation" + ], + "it": [ + "contraffazione", + "copiatura", + "falsificazione", + "falso", + "imitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something copied or derived from an original" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterfeit", + "forgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy that is represented as the original" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immersion heater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heating element that is immersed in the liquid that is to be heated (as in a hot-water tank)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immovable bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bandage of cloth impregnated with a substance (e.g., plaster of Paris) that hardens soon after it is applied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunogen", + "immunizing agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance or organism that provokes an immune response (produces immunity) when introduced into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunosuppressant", + "immunosuppressor", + "immunosuppressive drug", + "immunosuppressive", + "immune suppressant drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that lowers the body's normal immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impact printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that prints by mechanical impacts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impedimenta" + ], + "it": [ + "bagaglio", + "salmerie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the baggage and equipment carried by an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blade of a rotor (as in the compressor of a jet engine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of luggage carried on top of a coach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implant" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prosthesis placed permanently in tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implement" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento", + "arnese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end" + ], + "it": [ + "artefatto utile per ottenere un certo scopo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import", + "importation" + ], + "it": [ + "import", + "importazione", + "importazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commodities (goods or services) bought from a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression" + ], + "it": [ + "impronta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) an imprint of the teeth and gums in wax or plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Impressionism" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of late 19th century French painters who pictured appearances by strokes of unmixed colors to give the impression of reflected light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device produced by pressure on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creation spoken or written or composed extemporaneously (without prior preparation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvised explosive device", + "I.E.D.", + "IED" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive device that is improvised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impulse turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turbine that is driven by jets direct against the blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-basket", + "in-tray" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood or metal receptacle placed on your desk to hold your incoming material" + ], + "it": [ + "vassoio della corrispondenza in arrivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incendiary bomb", + "incendiary", + "firebomb" + ], + "it": [ + "ordigno incendiario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that is designed to start fires; is most effective against flammable targets (such as fuel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incinerator" + ], + "it": [ + "inceneritore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace for incinerating (especially to dispose of refuse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclined plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple machine for elevating objects; consists of plane surface that makes an acute angle with the horizontal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclinometer", + "dip circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the angle of magnetic dip (as from an airplane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclinometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument showing the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incrustation", + "encrustation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative coating of contrasting material that is applied to a surface as an inlay or overlay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubator", + "brooder" + ], + "it": [ + "incubatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus consisting of a box designed to maintain a constant temperature by the use of a thermostat; used for chicks or premature infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indapamide", + "Lozal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diuretic (trade name Lozal) used in the treatment of hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Independence Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the building in Philadelphia where the Declaration of Independence was signed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a register used to determine the address of an operand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indiaman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sailing ship that was engaged in the British trade with India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian club" + ], + "it": [ + "clava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle-shaped club used in exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail through the wilderness worn by Amerindians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicator" + ], + "it": [ + "indicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for showing the operating condition of some system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indinavir", + "Crixivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protease inhibitor (trade name Crixivan) used for treating HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect lighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concealed lighting fixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indomethacin", + "Indocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Indocin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induction coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coil for producing a high voltage from a low-voltage source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inductor", + "inductance" + ], + "it": [ + "induttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device (typically a conducting coil) that introduces inductance into a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial watercourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal that is operated by one or more industries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertial guidance system", + "inertial navigation system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system to control a plane or spacecraft; uses inertial forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflater", + "inflator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air pump operated by hand to inflate something (as a tire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infliximab", + "Remicade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anti-TNF compound (trade name Remicade) consisting of an antibody directed against TNF; it is given intravenously at one-month to three-month intervals; used in treatment of regional enteritis and rheumatoid arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrastructure", + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrastructure", + "substructure" + ], + "it": [ + "infrastruttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic structure or features of a system or organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingot", + "metal bar", + "block of metal" + ], + "it": [ + "lingotto", + "massello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal that is cast in the shape of a block for convenient handling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingredient" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrediente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component of a mixture or compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhalation anesthetic", + "inhalation anaesthetic", + "inhalation general anesthetic", + "inhalation general anaesthetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas that produces general anesthesia when inhaled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhalant", + "inhalation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medication to be taken by inhaling it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhaler", + "inhalator" + ], + "it": [ + "inalatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dispenser that produces a chemical vapor to be inhaled in order to relieve nasal congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contrivance for injecting (e.g., water into the boiler of a steam engine or particles into an accelerator etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink bottle", + "inkpot" + ], + "it": [ + "calamaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle of ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink cartridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartridge that contains ink and can be replaced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink eraser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eraser that removes ink marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink-jet printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that produces characters by projecting electrically charged droplets of ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linen tape used for trimming as a decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkstand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray or stand for writing implements and containers for ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkwell", + "inkstand" + ], + "it": [ + "calamaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small well holding writing ink into which a pen can be dipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inlay" + ], + "it": [ + "intarsio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration made by fitting pieces of wood into prepared slots in a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inlay" + ], + "it": [ + "intarsio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) a filling consisting of a solid substance (as gold or porcelain) fitted to a cavity in a tooth and cemented into place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inlet manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifold that carries vaporized fuel from the carburetor to the inlet valves of the cylinders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inner tube" + ], + "it": [ + "camera d'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflatable rubber tube that fits inside the casing of a pneumatic tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component of production; something that goes into the production of output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insert", + "inset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that is inserted or is to be inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small picture inserted within the bounds or a larger one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside caliper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caliper for measuring inside dimensions (the size of a cavity or hole); points on its legs curve outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinch with the end of the line inside the loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insole", + "innersole" + ], + "it": [ + "soletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner sole of a shoe or boot where the foot rests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspiration", + "brainchild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product of your creative thinking and work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instep" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "collo della scarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a shoe or stocking that covers the arch of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instillator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical apparatus that puts a liquid into a cavity drop by drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "institution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment consisting of a building or complex of buildings where an organization for the promotion of some cause is situated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio", + "congegno", + "strumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that requires skill for proper use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentality", + "instrumentation" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzatura", + "strumentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact (or system of artifacts) that is instrumental in accomplishing some end" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di strumenti che servono per svolgere una attività o servizio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument of execution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument designed and used to take the life of a condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument of punishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument designed and used to punish a condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument of torture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of punishment designed and used to inflict torture on the condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intaglio", + "diaglyph" + ], + "it": [ + "intaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glyptic art consisting of a sunken or depressed engraving or carving on a stone or gem (as opposed to cameo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intake", + "inlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening through which fluid is admitted to a tube or container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intake manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifold consisting of a pipe to carry fuel to each cylinder in an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intake valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve that controls the flow of fluid through an intake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrated circuit", + "microcircuit" + ], + "it": [ + "microcircuito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microelectronic computer circuit incorporated into a chip or semiconductor; a whole system rather than a single component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrator", + "planimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the area of an irregular plane figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Intelnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer network similar to but separate from the internet; devoted to the dissemination of information to and for the Intelligence Community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interceptor" + ], + "it": [ + "intercettatore", + "intercettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast maneuverable fighter plane designed to intercept enemy aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interchange" + ], + "it": [ + "interscambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction of highways on different levels that permits traffic to move from one to another without crossing traffic streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercommunication system", + "intercom" + ], + "it": [ + "citofono", + "interfono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system linking different rooms within a building or ship etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercontinental ballistic missile", + "ICBM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballistic missile that is capable of traveling from one continent to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a surface forming a common boundary between two things (two objects or liquids or chemical phases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interface", + "port" + ], + "it": [ + "porta", + "interfaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) computer circuit consisting of the hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other peripherals)" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno degli accessi fisici che collegano tra loro due unità, spec. l’unità centrale e le unità periferiche di un elaboratore elettronico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interferometer" + ], + "it": [ + "interferometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any measuring instrument that uses interference patterns to make accurate measurements of waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interferon" + ], + "it": [ + "interferon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral protein produced by cells that have been invaded by a virus; inhibits replication of the virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior decoration", + "decor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoration consisting of the layout and furnishings of a livable interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a door that closes off rooms within a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer placed between other layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlock", + "ignition interlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that prevents an automotive engine from starting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal-combustion engine", + "ICE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heat engine in which combustion occurs inside the engine rather than in a separate furnace; heat expands a gas that either moves a piston or turns a gas turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal drive" + ], + "it": [ + "drive interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drive mounted inside of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internet", + "net", + "cyberspace" + ], + "it": [ + "internet", + "cyberspazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer network consisting of a worldwide network of computer networks that use the TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmission and exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interphone" + ], + "it": [ + "citofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephonic intercommunication system linking different rooms in a building or ship etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for automatically interrupting an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersection", + "crossroad", + "crossway", + "crossing", + "carrefour" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversamento", + "bivio", + "crocevia", + "crocicchio", + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction where one street or road crosses another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstate", + "interstate highway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the system of highways linking major cities in the 48 contiguous states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstice" + ], + "it": [ + "interstizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small opening between things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intoxicant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that can produce a state of intoxication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intranet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restricted computer network; a private network created using World Wide Web software" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intraocular lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial lens that is implanted into the eye of someone to replace a damaged natural lens or someone who has had a cataract removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrauterine device", + "IUD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contraceptive device consisting of a piece of bent plastic or metal that is inserted through the vagina into the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous anesthetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anesthetic that produces anesthesia when injected into the circulatory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous pyelogram", + "IVP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "X-ray picture of the kidneys and ureters after injection of a radiopaque dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invention", + "innovation" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrovamento", + "ritrovato", + "invenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creation (a new device or process) resulting from study and experimentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inverted pleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box pleat reversed so that the fullness is turned inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inverter" + ], + "it": [ + "invertitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical converter that converts direct current into alternating current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodochlorhydroxyquin", + "Clioquinol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug used to treat certain fungal infection (as athlete's foot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodoform", + "triiodomethane" + ], + "it": [ + "iodoformio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellowish crystalline solid with a penetrating odor; sometimes used as an antiseptic dressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ion engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of reaction-propulsion engine to propel rockets in space; a stream of positive ions is accelerated to a high velocity by an electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionization chamber", + "ionization tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that measures the amount of ionizing radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ion pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacuum pump that removes gas by ionizing the atoms or molecules and adsorbing them on a metal surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ipecac" + ], + "it": [ + "ipecacuana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal drug used to evoke vomiting (especially in cases of drug overdose or poisoning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ipratropium bromide", + "Atrovent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhaled bronchodilator (trade name Atrovent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iPod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a pocket-sized device used to play music files" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "video iPod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) an iPod that can also play video files" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iproclozide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug that acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iris", + "iris diaphragm" + ], + "it": [ + "diaframma a iride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diaphragm consisting of thin overlapping plates that can be adjusted to change the diameter of a central opening" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo formato da un sistema di lamelle metalliche che si sovrappongono lasciando al centro un'apertura poligonale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron", + "smoothing iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro", + "ferro da stiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "home appliance consisting of a flat metal base that is heated and used to smooth cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mazza da golf di ferro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf club that has a relatively narrow metal head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron", + "branding iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "implement used to brand live stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irons", + "chains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal shackles; for hands or legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironclad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden warship of the 19th century that is plated with iron or steel armor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron foundry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundry where cast iron is produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(c. 1840) an early term for a locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "roba da stirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garments (clothes or linens) that are to be (or have been) ironed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironing board" + ], + "it": [ + "asse da stiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow padded board on collapsible supports; used for ironing clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron lung" + ], + "it": [ + "polmone d'acciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respirator that produces alternations in air pressure in a chamber surrounding a patient's chest to force air into and out of the lungs thus providing artificial respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron maiden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument of torture consisting of a hollow iron frame shaped like the human body and lined with spikes to impale the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironmongery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the merchandise that is sold in an ironmonger's shop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work made of iron (gratings or rails or railings etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironworks" + ], + "it": [ + "ferriera", + "magona", + "stabilimento siderurgico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the workplace where iron is smelted or where iron goods are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irregular", + "second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merchandise that has imperfections; usually sold at a reduced price without the brand name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrigation ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ditch to supply dry land with water artificially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "island" + ], + "it": [ + "isola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zone or area resembling an island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isocarboxazid", + "Marplan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (trade name Marplan) that is used to treat clinical depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoflurane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely used inhalation anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoniazid", + "INH", + "Nydrazid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial drug (trade name Nydrazid) used to treat tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoproterenol", + "Isuprel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug (trade name Isuprel) used to treat bronchial asthma and to stimulate the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isosorbide", + "Isordil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug (trade name Isordil) used to treat angina pectoris and congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "izar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluminous cotton outer garment (usually white) traditionally worn by Muslim women of northern Africa and the Middle East; covers the entire body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "item" + ], + "it": [ + "capitolo", + "articolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whole individual unit; especially when included in a list or collection" + ], + "it": [ + "una unità individuale", + "in particolare quando è inclusa in un elenco o in una collezione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itraconazole", + "Sporanox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antifungal drug (trade name Sporanox) taken for cases of fungal nail disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jabot" + ], + "it": [ + "jabot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruffle on the front of a woman's blouse or a man's shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "binda", + "cricco", + "martinello", + "martinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tool for exerting pressure or lifting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack", + "knave" + ], + "it": [ + "fante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four face cards in a deck bearing a picture of a young prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "bandiera di bompresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flag indicating a ship's nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack", + "jackstones" + ], + "it": [ + "boccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of one of several small six-pointed metal pieces that are picked up while bouncing a ball in the game of jacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "jack", + "presa di corrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device consisting of a connector socket designed for the insertion of a plug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ball at which players aim in lawn bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "casacca", + "giacca", + "giacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer wrapping or casing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tough metal shell casing for certain kinds of ammunition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack-in-the-box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a toy clown that jumps out of a box when the lid is opened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacklight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light used as a lure in hunting or fishing at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack-o'-lantern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lantern carved from a pumpkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter's plane for rough finishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackscrew", + "screw jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screw-operated jack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacob's ladder", + "jack ladder", + "pilot ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a hanging ladder of ropes or chains supporting wooden or metal rungs or steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaconet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight cotton cloth with a smooth and slightly stiff finish; used for clothing and bandages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackstraw", + "spillikin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strip of wood used in playing the game of jackstraws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacquard loom", + "Jacquard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loom with an attachment for forming openings for the passage of the shuttle between the warp threads; used in weaving figured fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacquard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly figured fabric woven on a Jacquard loom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jag", + "dag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap along the edge of a garment; used in medieval clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slit in a garment that exposes material of a different color underneath; used in Renaissance clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jail", + "jailhouse", + "gaol", + "clink", + "slammer", + "poky", + "pokey" + ], + "it": [ + "carcere", + "ergastolo", + "gabbia", + "galera", + "gattabuia", + "prigione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jalousie" + ], + "it": [ + "gelosia", + "imposta", + "persiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shutter made of angled slats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jamb" + ], + "it": [ + "stipite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upright consisting of a vertical side member of a door or window frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmitter used to broadcast electronic jamming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jampan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of sedan chair used in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jampot", + "jamjar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jar for holding jellies or preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacquer with a durable glossy black finish, originally from the orient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacquerware decorated and varnished in the Japanese manner with a glossy durable black lacquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jar" + ], + "it": [ + "barattolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel (usually cylindrical) with a wide mouth and without handles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jarvik heart", + "Jarvik artificial heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of artificial heart that has been used with some success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaunting car", + "jaunty car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open two-wheeled one-horse cart formerly widely used in Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "javelin" + ], + "it": [ + "giavellotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spear thrown as a weapon or in competitive field events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaw" + ], + "it": [ + "branca", + "ganascia", + "morso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holding device consisting of one or both of the opposing parts of a tool that close to hold an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaws of Life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic tool inserted into a wrecked vehicle and used to pry the wreckage apart in order to provide access to people trapped inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jean", + "blue jean", + "denim" + ], + "it": [ + "blue jeans", + "jeans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) close-fitting trousers of heavy denim for manual work or casual wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeep", + "landrover" + ], + "it": [ + "campagnola", + "fuoristrada", + "jeep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car suitable for traveling over rough terrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jellaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose cloak with a hood; worn in the Middle East and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "je ne sais quoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something indescribable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerkin" + ], + "it": [ + "farsetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight sleeveless and collarless jacket (often made of leather) worn by men in former times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeroboam", + "double-magnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wine bottle (holds 4/5 of a gallon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jersey" + ], + "it": [ + "jersey", + "maglina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slightly elastic machine-knit fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jersey", + "T-shirt", + "tee shirt" + ], + "it": [ + "maglietta", + "t-shirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close-fitting pullover shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with equal arms, each terminating in a small crossbar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet", + "jet plane", + "jet-propelled plane" + ], + "it": [ + "aerogetto", + "aviogetto", + "getto", + "jet", + "reattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane powered by one or more jet engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extendible bridge for loading passengers onto large commercial airplanes; provides protected access to the plane from the gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet engine" + ], + "it": [ + "aeroreattore", + "esoreattore", + "motore a reazione", + "reattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gas turbine produces a stream of hot gas that propels a jet plane by reaction propulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jetliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large jet plane that carries passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jetsam" + ], + "it": [ + "gettito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a ship's equipment or cargo that is thrown overboard to lighten the load in a storm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewel", + "gem", + "precious stone" + ], + "it": [ + "gemma", + "gioia", + "monile", + "pietra preziosa", + "smaniglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeweler's glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument used by jewelers; has one or more lenses and is used to view features not readily seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewelled headdress", + "jeweled headdress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headdress adorned with jewels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewelry", + "jewellery" + ], + "it": [ + "oreficeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment (as a bracelet or ring or necklace) made of precious metals and set with gems (or imitation gems)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jew's harp", + "jews' harp", + "mouth bow" + ], + "it": [ + "marranzano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lyre-shaped musical instrument that is placed between the teeth and played by twanging a wire tongue while changing the shape of the mouth cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jib" + ], + "it": [ + "fiocco", + "flocco", + "mezzavela", + "polaccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any triangular fore-and-aft sail (set forward of the foremast)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jibboom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spar that extends the bowsprit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that holds a piece of machine work and guides the tools operating on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fisherman's lure with one or more hooks that is jerked up and down in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jiggermast", + "jigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small mast on a sailing vessel; especially the mizzenmast of a yawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jigsaw", + "scroll saw", + "fretsaw" + ], + "it": [ + "sega da traforo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine-toothed power saw with a narrow blade; used to cut curved outlines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jigsaw puzzle" + ], + "it": [ + "puzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puzzle that requires you to reassemble a picture that has been mounted on a stiff base and cut into interlocking pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jim crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crowbar fitted with a claw for pulling nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jimdandy", + "jimhickey", + "crackerjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something excellent of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jimmy", + "jemmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short crowbar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jinrikisha", + "ricksha", + "rickshaw" + ], + "it": [ + "ricsciò", + "risciò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small two-wheeled cart for one passenger; pulled by one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace; as in the expression \"on the job\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object worked on; a result produced by working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jobcentre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government office in a town where information about available jobs is displayed and where unemployment benefits are administered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job-oriented terminal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terminal designed for a particular application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jodhpurs", + "jodhpur breeches", + "riding breeches" + ], + "it": [ + "pantaloni da cavallerizzo", + "calzoni da cavallerizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flared trousers ending at the calves; worn with riding boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jodhpur", + "jodhpur boot", + "jodhpur shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short riding boot that fastens with a buckle at the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johns Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Baltimore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joinery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine woodwork done by a joiner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint", + "marijuana cigarette", + "reefer", + "stick", + "spliff" + ], + "it": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marijuana leaves rolled into a cigarette for smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint" + ], + "it": [ + "articolazione", + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "junction by which parts or objects are joined together" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo per congiungere e tenere uniti elementi separati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disreputable place of entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joint Direct Attack Munition", + "JDAM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pinpoint bomb guidance device that can be strapped to a gravity bomb thus converting dumb bombs into smart bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jointer", + "jointer plane", + "jointing plane", + "long plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long carpenter's plane used to shape the edges of boards so they will fit together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joist" + ], + "it": [ + "trave", + "travetto", + "travicello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beam used to support floors or roofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card that is usually printed with a picture of a jester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jolly boat", + "jolly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yawl used by a ship's sailors for general work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large drinking bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese god worshipped in the form of an idol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joss house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese temple or shrine for idol worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the axle contained by a bearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record book as a physical object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journal bearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bearing of a journal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journal box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal housing for a journal bearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joystick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual control consisting of a vertical handle that can move freely in two directions; used as an input device to computers or to devices controlled by computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-way peephole in a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juke", + "jook", + "juke joint", + "jook joint", + "juke house", + "jook house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small roadside establishment in the southeastern United States where you can eat and drink and dance to music provided by a jukebox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle gym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure of vertical and horizontal rods where children can climb and play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Chinese boats with a high poop and lugsails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jug" + ], + "it": [ + "brocca", + "coppo", + "doglio", + "giara", + "orcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bottle with a narrow mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juggernaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude idol of Krishna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juju", + "voodoo", + "hoodoo", + "fetish", + "fetich" + ], + "it": [ + "feticcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charm superstitiously believed to embody magical powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jukebox", + "nickelodeon" + ], + "it": [ + "jukebox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cabinet containing an automatic record player; records are played by inserting a coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumbojet", + "jumbo jet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large jet plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper", + "pinafore", + "pinny" + ], + "it": [ + "scamiciato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeveless dress resembling an apron; worn over other clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose jacket or blouse worn by workmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small connector used to make temporary electrical connections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coverall worn by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper cable", + "jumper lead", + "lead", + "booster cable" + ], + "it": [ + "cavetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jumper that consists of a short piece of wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a toy figure with movable joints that can be made to dance by pulling strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump rope", + "skip rope", + "skipping rope" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "corda per saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a length of rope (usually with handles on each end) that is swung around while someone jumps over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folding seat in an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump suit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tuta intera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-piece uniform worn by parachutists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump suit", + "jumpsuit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tuta intera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-piece garment fashioned after a parachutist's uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junction" + ], + "it": [ + "congiuntura", + "giuntura", + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where two or more things come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junction", + "conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that joins or connects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junction barrier", + "barrier strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction unit for connecting 2 cables without the need for plugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk shop" + ], + "it": [ + "bric-a-brac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that sells cheap secondhand goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury box" + ], + "it": [ + "banco dei giurati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure within a courtroom for the jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary mast to replace one that has broken off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "K", + "jet", + "super acid", + "special K", + "honey oil", + "green", + "cat valium", + "super C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for ketamine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaaba", + "Caaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine; believed to have been given by Gabriel to Abraham; Muslims turn in its direction when praying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kachina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carved doll wearing the costume of a particular Pueblo spirit; usually presented to a child as a gift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffiyeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arab headdress consisting of a square piece of cloth folded into a triangle and fastened over the crown by an agal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kakemono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese (paper or silk) wall hanging; usually narrow with a picture or writing on it and a roller at the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kalansuwa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap that is wrapped around by a turban and worn by Muslim religious elders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalashnikov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of submachine gun made in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaleidoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "caleidoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical toy in a tube; it produces symmetrical patterns as bits of colored glass are reflected by mirrors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kameez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long tunic worn by many people from the Indian subcontinent (usually with a salwar or churidars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kamikaze" + ], + "it": [ + "kamikaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter plane used for suicide missions by Japanese pilots in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kammon Strait Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge between Kyushu and Honshu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kanamycin", + "Kantrex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic (trade name Kantrex) used to treat severe infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kanzu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Swahili) a long garment (usually white) with long sleeves; worn by men in East Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaopectate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a fixed-combination antidiarrheal drug that use kaolin as the adsorbent and pectin as the emollient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kat", + "khat", + "qat", + "quat", + "cat", + "Arabian tea", + "African tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leaves of the shrub Catha edulis which are chewed like tobacco or used to make tea; has the effect of a euphoric stimulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katharometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measures thermal conductivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kayak" + ], + "it": [ + "kayak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small canoe consisting of a light frame made watertight with animal skins; used by Eskimos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kazoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy wind instrument that has a membrane that makes a sound when you hum into the mouthpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keel" + ], + "it": [ + "carena", + "chiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the main longitudinal beams (or plates) of the hull of a vessel; can extend vertically into the water to provide lateral stability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keelboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river boat with a shallow draught and a keel but no sails; used to carry freight; moved by rowing or punting or towing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keelson" + ], + "it": [ + "paramezzale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a longitudinal beam connected to the keel of ship to strengthen it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "donjon", + "dungeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keepsake", + "souvenir", + "token", + "relic" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria", + "ricordino", + "ricordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of sentimental value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keg" + ], + "it": [ + "bariletto", + "barilotto", + "barilozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cask or barrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kennel", + "doghouse", + "dog house" + ], + "it": [ + "canile", + "cuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outbuilding that serves as a shelter for a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kepi", + "peaked cap", + "service cap", + "yachting cap" + ], + "it": [ + "cheppì", + "chepì", + "coppola", + "scopola", + "scoppola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap with a flat circular top and a visor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument to examine the cornea in order to detect irregularities in its anterior surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kerchief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square scarf that is folded into a triangle and worn over the head or about the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a metal typeface that projects beyond its body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kerr cell" + ], + "it": [ + "cella di Kerr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device consisting of a transparent cell with two electrodes between two polarizing media; passes light only if the two planes of polarization are parallel; used as a high-speed shutter or to modulate a laser beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketamine", + "ketamine hydrochloride", + "Ketalar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general anesthetic and tranquilizer (not a barbiturate) that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly; used mainly by veterinarians or for minor surgery with geriatric or pediatric patients; taken in large doses it causes hallucinations similar to those associated with the use of PCP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with two masts; the mizzen is forward of the rudderpost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketoprofen", + "Orudis", + "Orudis KT", + "Oruvail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Orudis or Orudis KT or Oruvail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketorolac", + "Torodal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (trade name Torodal) that is given only orally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketorolac tromethamine", + "Acular", + "Toradol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Acular and Toradol) that is administered only intramuscularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kettle", + "boiler" + ], + "it": [ + "bollitore", + "caldaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kettle", + "kettledrum", + "tympanum", + "tympani", + "timpani" + ], + "it": [ + "timpano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hemispherical brass or copper percussion instrument with a drumhead that can be tuned by adjusting the tension on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal device shaped in such a way that when it is inserted into the appropriate lock the lock's mechanism can be rotated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "tasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever (as in a keyboard) that actuates a mechanism when depressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holder consisting of an arrangement of hooks on which keys or locks can be hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device consisting of a set of keys on a piano or organ or typewriter or typesetting machine or computer or the like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyboard buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buffer that keeps track of key strokes until the computer is ready to respond to them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyboard instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument that is played by means of a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyhole" + ], + "it": [ + "buco della serratura", + "serratura", + "toppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hole where a key is inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyhole saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw with a long narrow blade for cutting short radius curves; similar to a compass saw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key ring" + ], + "it": [ + "portachiavi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular ring of metal for holding keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keystone", + "key", + "headstone" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central building block at the top of an arch or vault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khadi", + "khaddar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse homespun cotton cloth made in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy twilled cloth of a yellowish brown color used especially for military uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khakis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military uniform made of khaki fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khimar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headscarf worn by observant Muslim women that hangs down to just above the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khukuri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved steel knife with a razor-sharp edge used in combat by the Gurkhas; has cultural and religious significance in Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron bucket used for hoisting in wells or mining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick pleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleat in back of a straight skirt to allow ease in walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kicksorter", + "pulse height analyzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument consisting of an electronic circuit that permits only voltage pulses of predetermined height to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kickstand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swiveling metal rod attached to a bicycle or motorcycle or other two-wheeled vehicle; the rod lies horizontally when not in use but can be kicked into a vertical position as a support to hold the vehicle upright when it is not being ridden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick starter", + "kick start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a starter (as on a motorcycle) that is activated with the foot and the weight of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kid glove", + "suede glove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glove made of fine soft leather (as kidskin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiln" + ], + "it": [ + "fornace", + "forno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace for firing or burning or drying such things as porcelain or bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kilt" + ], + "it": [ + "kilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knee-length pleated tartan skirt worn by men as part of the traditional dress in the Highlands of northern Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kimono" + ], + "it": [ + "chimono", + "kimono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose robe; imitated from robes originally worn by Japanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinescope", + "picture tube", + "television tube" + ], + "it": [ + "cinescopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cathode-ray tube in a television receiver; translates the received signal into a picture on a luminescent screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinetoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device invented by Edison that gave an impression of movement as an endless loop of film moved continuously over a light source with a rapid shutter; precursor of the modern motion picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king" + ], + "it": [ + "re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) the weakest but the most important piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four playing cards in a deck bearing the picture of a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a checker that has been moved to the opponent's first row where it is promoted to a piece that is free to move either forward or backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingbolt", + "kingpin", + "swivel pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bolt that provides a steering joint in a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king post" + ], + "it": [ + "monaco", + "ometto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "post connecting the crossbeam to the apex of a triangular truss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kipp's apparatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory apparatus for producing a gas (usually hydrogen sulfide) by the action of a liquid on a solid without heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scottish church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kirpan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial four-inch curved dagger that Sikh men and women are obliged to wear at all times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kirtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long dress worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kirtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment resembling a tunic that was worn by men in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit", + "outfit" + ], + "it": [ + "armamentario", + "batteria", + "corredo", + "equipaggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear consisting of a set of articles or tools for a specified purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit" + ], + "it": [ + "cassetta degli attrezzi", + "kit", + "necessaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case for containing a set of articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitbag", + "kit bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knapsack (usually for a soldier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen" + ], + "it": [ + "cucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room equipped for preparing meals" + ], + "it": [ + "una stanza attrezzata per la preparazione dei cibi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen appliance" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodomestico da cucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a home appliance used in preparing food" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrodomestico usato in cucina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchenette" + ], + "it": [ + "cucinino", + "cucinotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen garden", + "vegetable garden", + "vegetable patch" + ], + "it": [ + "ortaglia", + "orto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small garden where vegetables are grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unattached counter in a kitchen that permits access from all sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden friction match that will light on any granular surface; useful to light wood or gas stoves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen sink" + ], + "it": [ + "acquaio", + "lavello", + "secchiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sink in a kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table in the kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen utensil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utensil used in preparing food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchenware" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "utensili da cucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardware utensils for use in a kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ], + "it": [ + "aquilone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a light frame covered with tissue paper; flown in wind at end of a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite balloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrage balloon with lobes at one end that keep it headed into the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bob on a kite to provide balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitsch" + ], + "it": [ + "kitsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessively garish or sentimental art; usually considered in bad taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klaxon", + "claxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of loud horn formerly used on motor vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klein bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed surface with only one side; formed by passing one end of a tube through the side of the tube and joining it with the other end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klieg light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbon arc lamp that emits an intense light used in producing films" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klystron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electron tube used to generate or amplify electromagnetic radiation in the microwave region by velocity modulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a trouser leg that provides the cloth covering for the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace worn to strengthen the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee-high", + "knee-hi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sock or stocking that reaches up to just below the knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kneeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board (sometimes cushioned) for someone to kneel on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee pad" + ], + "it": [ + "ginocchiera", + "ginocchiera sportiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn by football or baseball or hockey players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee piece" + ], + "it": [ + "ginocchiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knickknack", + "novelty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small inexpensive mass-produced article" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon with a handle and blade with a sharp point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blade of a knife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife edge", + "cutting edge" + ], + "it": [ + "filo", + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sharp cutting side of the blade of a knife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife pleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single pleat turned in one direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight", + "horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chessman shaped to resemble the head of a horse; can move two squares horizontally and one vertically (or vice versa)" + ], + "it": [ + "negli scacchi, pezzo che rappresenta la testa di un cavallo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knit", + "knitting", + "knitwork" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro a maglia", + "maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlework created by interlacing yarn in a series of connected loops using straight eyeless needles or by machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knit", + "knit stitch", + "plain", + "plain stitch" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto", + "dritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic knitting stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made by knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitting machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina per maglieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile machine that makes knitted fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitting needle" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro", + "ferro da calza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needle consisting of a slender rod with pointed ends; usually used in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitting stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch taken in knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitwear" + ], + "it": [ + "maglia", + "maglieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knitted clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knob" + ], + "it": [ + "impugnatura", + "maniglia", + "pomello", + "manopola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knob", + "boss" + ], + "it": [ + "borchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular rounded projection or protuberance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knob", + "pommel" + ], + "it": [ + "pomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament in the shape of a ball on the hilt of a sword or dagger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small knob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knobkerrie", + "knobkerry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short wooden club with a heavy knob on one end; used by aborigines in southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knockabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloop with a simplified rig and no bowsprit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knocker", + "doorknocker", + "rapper" + ], + "it": [ + "batacchio", + "battacchio", + "battaglio", + "battente", + "bussatoio", + "campanella", + "picchiotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (usually metal and ornamental) attached by a hinge to a door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knockoff", + "clone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unauthorized copy or imitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knockout drops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chloral hydrate in combination with alcohol; usually administered surreptitiously to make the drinker unconscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot" + ], + "it": [ + "annodamento", + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fastenings formed by looping and tying a rope (or cord) upon itself or to another rope or to another object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whip with a lash of leather thongs twisted with wire; used for flogging prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knuckle joint", + "hinge joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint allowing movement in one plane only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kohl" + ], + "it": [ + "kajal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmetic preparation used by women in Egypt and Arabia to darken the edges of their eyelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese stringed instrument that resembles a zither; has a rectangular wooden sounding board and usually 13 silk strings that are plucked with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kraal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen for livestock in southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kremlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "citadel of a Russian town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kremlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "citadel of Moscow, housing the offices of the Russian government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kris", + "creese", + "crease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Malayan dagger with a wavy blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krummhorn", + "crumhorn", + "cromorne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Renaissance woodwind with a double reed and a curving tube (crooked horn)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kundt's tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument used to measure the speed of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurdistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oriental rug woven by Kurds that is noted for fine colors and durability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kurta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose collarless shirt worn by many people on the Indian subcontinent (usually with a salwar or churidars or pyjama)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kylie", + "kiley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian boomerang; one side flat and the other convex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kylix", + "cylix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow drinking cup with two handles; used in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kymograph", + "cymograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument consisting of a rotating drum holding paper on which a stylus traces a continuous record (as of breathing or blood pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laager", + "lager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp defended by a circular formation of wagons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lab", + "laboratory", + "research lab", + "research laboratory", + "science lab", + "science laboratory" + ], + "it": [ + "gabinetto", + "laboratorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace for the conduct of scientific research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lab bench", + "laboratory bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workbench in a laboratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lab coat", + "laboratory coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light coat worn to protect clothing from substances used while working in a laboratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labetalol", + "labetalol hydrochloride", + "Trandate", + "Normodyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive drug (trade names Trandate and Normodyne) that blocks alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system (leading to a decrease in blood pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor camp", + "labour camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal institution for political prisoners who are used as forced labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labyrinth of Minos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast labyrinth built in Crete by Daedalus at the command of Minos in order to contain the Minotaur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace" + ], + "it": [ + "filet", + "merletto", + "trina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delicate decorative fabric woven in an open web of symmetrical patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace", + "lacing" + ], + "it": [ + "cordoncino", + "laccio", + "legaccio", + "stringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord that is drawn through eyelets or around hooks in order to draw together two edges (as of a shoe or garment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work consisting of (or resembling) lace fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacquer" + ], + "it": [ + "laccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard glossy coating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacquerware" + ], + "it": [ + "lacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative work made of wood and covered with lacquer and often inlaid with ivory or precious metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrosse ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used in playing lacrosse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacuna", + "blank" + ], + "it": [ + "lacuna", + "spazio vuoto", + "spazio in bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank gap or missing part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder" + ], + "it": [ + "scala a pioli", + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steps consisting of two parallel members connected by rungs; for climbing up or down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder-back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the backrest of a chair that consists of two uprights with connecting slats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder-back", + "ladder-back chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair with a ladder-back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder truck", + "aerial ladder truck" + ], + "it": [ + "autoscala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire engine carrying ladders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladies' room", + "powder room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's restroom in a public (or semipublic) building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladle" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaione", + "mestolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon-shaped vessel with a long handle; frequently used to transfer liquids from one container to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady chapel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small chapel in a church; dedicated to the Virgin Mary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagan", + "lagend", + "ligan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goods (or wreckage) on the sea bed that is attached to a buoy so that it can be recovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagerphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian percussion instrument used for playing bush music; a long stick with bottle caps nailed loosely to it; played by hitting it with a stick or banging it on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lag screw", + "lag bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy woodscrew with a square or hexagonal head that is driven in with a wrench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake dwelling", + "pile dwelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwelling built on piles in or near a lake; specifically in prehistoric villages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Mead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest reservoir in the United States; located in southeastern Nevada and northwestern Arizona and formed by the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River; the center of a recreational area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Powell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest reservoir in the United States; located in southern Utah and north central Arizona and formed by the Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Volta river in southeastern has been dammed to create one of the world's largest man-made lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lally", + "lally column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support column consisting of a steel cylinder filled with concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamasery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monastery for lamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambrequin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short and decorative hanging for a shelf edge or top of a window casing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambrequin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarf that covers a knight's helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lame" + ], + "it": [ + "laminato", + "lamé", + "lurex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric interwoven with threads of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminar flow clean room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clean room free of all extraneous particles; used in fabricating microprocessors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminate" + ], + "it": [ + "laminato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of material made by bonding two or more sheets or layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layered structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamivudine", + "3TC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is very effective in combination with zidovudine in treating AIDS and HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial source of visible illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture holding one or more electric light bulbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamp chimney", + "chimney" + ], + "it": [ + "tubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass flue surrounding the wick of an oil lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamp house", + "lamphouse", + "lamp housing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing that holds a lamp (as in a movie projector)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamppost" + ], + "it": [ + "lampione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal post supporting an outdoor lamp (such as a streetlight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lampshade", + "lamp shade" + ], + "it": [ + "abat-jour", + "paralume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective ornamental shade used to screen a light bulb from direct view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a veranda or roofed patio often furnished and used as a living room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancet", + "lance" + ], + "it": [ + "lancetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical knife with a pointed double-edged blade; used for punctures and small incisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancet arch", + "lancet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acutely pointed Gothic arch, like a lance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancet window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow window having a lancet arch and without tracery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landau" + ], + "it": [ + "landò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a four-wheel covered carriage with a roof divided into two parts (front and back) that can be let down separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space vehicle that is designed to land on the moon or another planet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing", + "landing place" + ], + "it": [ + "approdo", + "banchina", + "scalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure providing a place where boats can land people or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing" + ], + "it": [ + "pianerottolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermediate platform in a staircase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing craft" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo da sbarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval craft designed for putting ashore troops and equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap on the underside of the wing that is lowered to slow the plane for landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing gear" + ], + "it": [ + "carrello", + "carrello d'atterraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undercarriage that supports the weight of the plane when it is on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing net" + ], + "it": [ + "guadino", + "retino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag-shaped fishnet on a long handle to take a captured fish from the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing skid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two parts of the landing gear of a helicopter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing stage" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarcadero", + "pontile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platform from which passengers and cargo can be (un)loaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land line", + "landline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line that travels over terrestrial circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land mine", + "ground-emplaced mine", + "booby trap" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive mine hidden underground; explodes when stepped on or driven over" + ], + "it": [ + "congegno che esplode al contatto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government office where business relating to public lands is transacted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape", + "landscape painting" + ], + "it": [ + "paesaggistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of art dealing with the depiction of natural scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape" + ], + "it": [ + "paesaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting depicting an expanse of natural scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscaping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden laid out for esthetic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "component consisting of a side piece opposite the moldboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow way or road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lane" + ], + "it": [ + "corsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-defined track or path; for e.g. swimmers or lines of traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanolin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emollient containing wool fat (a fatty substance obtained from the wool of sheep)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lantern" + ], + "it": [ + "lanterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light in a transparent protective case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lantern pinion", + "lantern wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pinion having cylindrical bars instead of teeth, used chiefly in inexpensive clocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanyard", + "laniard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a line used for extending or fastening rigging on ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanyard", + "laniard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord worn around the neck to hold a knife or whistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanyard", + "laniard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord with an attached hook that is used to fire certain types of cannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap", + "overlap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap that lies over another part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap", + "lap covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a piece of clothing that covers the thighs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laparoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "celioscopio", + "laparoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender endoscope inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall in order to examine the abdominal organs or to perform minor surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing board used on the lap as a table or desk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapel" + ], + "it": [ + "revers", + "risvolto", + "rovescia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lap at the front of a coat; continuation of the coat collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap joint", + "splice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint made by overlapping two ends and joining them together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lappet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lap on a garment or headdress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laptop", + "laptop computer" + ], + "it": [ + "laptop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable computer small enough to use in your lap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larboard", + "port" + ], + "it": [ + "babordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the left side of a ship or aircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "laringoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument for examining the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser", + "optical maser" + ], + "it": [ + "laser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; an optical device that produces an intense monochromatic beam of coherent light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser-guided bomb", + "LGB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smart bomb that seeks the laser light reflected off of the target and uses it to correct its descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser printer" + ], + "it": [ + "stampante laser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic printer that focuses a laser beam to form images that are transferred to paper electrostatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lash", + "thong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rope that is used for fastening something to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lash-up", + "contrivance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any improvised arrangement for temporary use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasso", + "lariat", + "riata", + "reata" + ], + "it": [ + "lazo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long noosed rope used to catch animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last", + "shoemaker's last", + "cobbler's last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holding device shaped like a human foot that is used to fashion or repair shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lastex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yarn that has an elastic core wound around with cotton or silk or nylon or rayon threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latch" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavistello", + "saliscendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch for fastening a door or gate; a bar that can be lowered or slid into a groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latch", + "door latch" + ], + "it": [ + "serratura", + "serratura a scatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring-loaded doorlock that can only be opened from the outside with a key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latchet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leather strap or thong used to attach a sandal or shoe to the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latchkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "key for raising or drawing back a latch or opening an outside door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latchstring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opener consisting of a string that can be passed through a hole in a door for raising the latch from outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateen", + "lateen sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular fore-and-aft sail used especially in the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateen-rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rig on a lateen-rigged sailing vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lateran Palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a palace that served as the residence of the popes until the 14th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latex paint", + "latex", + "rubber-base paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-base paint that has a latex binder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lath" + ], + "it": [ + "listello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow thin strip of wood used as backing for plaster or to make latticework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lathe" + ], + "it": [ + "tornio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lathi", + "lathee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club consisting of a heavy stick (often bamboo) bound with iron; used by police in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with the lowest arm being longer than the others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latrine" + ], + "it": [ + "latrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public toilet in a military area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lattice", + "latticework", + "fretwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "framework consisting of an ornamental design made of strips of wood or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laudanum", + "tincture of opium" + ], + "it": [ + "laudano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narcotic consisting of an alcohol solution of opium or any preparation in which opium is the main ingredient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugh track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prerecorded laughter added to the soundtrack of a radio or television show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorboat with an open deck or a half deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launcher", + "rocket launcher" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciarazzi", + "lanciatore", + "spararazzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armament in the form of a device capable of launching a rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launching pad", + "launchpad", + "launch pad", + "launch area", + "pad" + ], + "it": [ + "rampa di lancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform from which rockets or space craft are launched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launderette", + "Laundromat" + ], + "it": [ + "lavanderia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-service laundry (service mark Laundromat) where coin-operated washing machines are available to individual customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace where clothes are washed and ironed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundry", + "wash", + "washing", + "washables" + ], + "it": [ + "bucato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garments or white goods that can be cleaned by laundering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundry cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handcart for moving a load of laundry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundry detergent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various detergents designed for use in a washing machine for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laundry truck" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "van that picks up and delivers laundry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurel", + "laurel wreath", + "bay wreath" + ], + "it": [ + "corona d'alloro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(antiquity) a wreath of laurel foliage worn on the head as an emblem of victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavalava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skirt consisting of a rectangle of calico or printed cotton; worn by Polynesians (especially Samoans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavaliere", + "lavalier", + "lavalliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jeweled pendant worn on a chain around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) large basin used by a priest in an ancient Jewish temple to perform ritual ablutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "lawcourt", + "court of law", + "court of justice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawn chair", + "garden chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chair left outside for use on a lawn or in a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawn furniture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture intended for use on a lawn or in a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawn mower", + "mower" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliaerba", + "tosaerba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden tool for mowing grass on lawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laxative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild cathartic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer", + "bed" + ], + "it": [ + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layette" + ], + "it": [ + "corredino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kit consisting of a complete outfit (clothing and accessories) for a new baby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dummy in the form of an artist's jointed model of the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lazaretto", + "lazaret", + "lazarette", + "lazar house", + "pesthouse" + ], + "it": [ + "lazzaretto", + "lazzeretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hospital for persons with infectious diseases (especially leprosy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lazy daisy stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long chain stitches arranged in flower patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "pencil lead" + ], + "it": [ + "mina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of graphite with clay in different degrees of hardness; the marking substance in a pencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "leading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin strip of metal used to separate lines of type in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead-acid battery", + "lead-acid accumulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battery with lead electrodes with dilute sulphuric acid as the electrolyte; each cell generates about 2 volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wire connecting an antenna to a receiver or a transmitter to a transmission line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forward edge of an airfoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading rein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rein to direct the horse's head left or right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead line", + "sounding line" + ], + "it": [ + "scandaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) plumb line for determining depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pencil that has graphite as the marking substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf" + ], + "it": [ + "anta", + "battente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinged or detachable flat section (as of a table or door)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf spring" + ], + "it": [ + "balestra", + "molla a balestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long narrow spring consisting of several layers of metal springs bracketed together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leaning Tower", + "Leaning Tower of Pisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall round marble campanile in Pisa that is not perpendicular; construction was begun in 1174" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean-to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough shelter whose roof has only one slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean-to tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tent that is attached to the side of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leash", + "tether", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "guinzaglio", + "interlinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restraint consisting of a rope (or light chain) used to restrain an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherette", + "imitation leather" + ], + "it": [ + "similpelle", + "skai", + "vinilpelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric made to look like leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "implement consisting of a strip of leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leatherwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work made of leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leclanche cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voltaic cell that produces approximately 1.5 volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lectern", + "reading desk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desk or stand with a slanted top used to hold a text at the proper height for a lecturer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture room" + ], + "it": [ + "anfiteatro", + "aula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classroom where lectures are given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lederhosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather shorts often worn with suspenders; worn especially by men and boys in Bavaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ledger board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "top rail of a fence or balustrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leflunomide", + "Arava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anti-TNF compound (trade name Arava) that is given orally; can slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis by slowing the proliferation of white blood cells which reduces inflammation in the synovium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left field", + "leftfield", + "left" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ], + "it": [ + "braca", + "gamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth covering consisting of the part of a pair of trousers that covers a person's leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ], + "it": [ + "gamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the supports for a piece of furniture" + ], + "it": [ + "uno dei sostegni per un mobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legging", + "leging", + "leg covering" + ], + "it": [ + "gambale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment covering the leg (usually extending from the knee to the ankle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lego", + "Lego set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a child's plastic construction set for making mechanical models" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leiden jar", + "Leyden jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrostatic capacitor of historical interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spear with three or more prongs; used for spearing fish (especially salmon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leisure wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal clothing designed to be worn when you are relaxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon", + "stinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact (especially an automobile) that is defective or unsatisfactory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon grove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grove of lemon trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lending library", + "circulating library" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "library that provides books for use outside the building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "length" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of something that is long and narrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenitive" + ], + "it": [ + "calmante", + "lenitivo", + "sedativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remedy that eases pain and discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens", + "lense", + "lens system" + ], + "it": [ + "lente", + "sistema di lenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens", + "electron lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that uses a magnetic or electric field in order to focus a beam of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens cap", + "lens cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cap used to keep lens free of dust when not in use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens implant", + "interocular lens implant", + "IOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear plastic lens that is implanted in the eye; usually done when the natural lens has been removed in a cataract operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leotard", + "unitard", + "body suit", + "cat suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight-fitting garment of stretchy material that covers the body from the shoulders to the thighs (and may have long sleeves or legs reaching down to the ankles); worn by ballet dancers and acrobats for practice or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lethal dose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the size dose that will cause death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter bomb", + "parcel bomb", + "package bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin explosive device inside an envelope or package and detonated when opened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "case for carrying letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter opener", + "paper knife", + "paperknife" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliacarte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dull knife used to cut open the envelopes in which letters are mailed or to slit uncut pages of books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levallorphan", + "Lorfan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug (trade name Lorfan) that is related to morphine but that counteracts the respiratory depression produced by morphine poisoning but without affecting its analgesic effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embankment that is built in order to prevent a river from overflowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pier that provides a landing place on a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level", + "spirit level" + ], + "it": [ + "livella", + "livella a bolla d'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level crossing", + "grade crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio a livello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intersection of a railway and a road on the same level; barriers close road when trains pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lever" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid bar pivoted about a fulcrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lever", + "lever tumbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat metal tumbler in a lever lock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lever" + ], + "it": [ + "leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple machine that gives a mechanical advantage when given a fulcrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lever lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock whose tumblers are levers that must be raised to a given position so that the bolt can move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levi's", + "levis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular brand of jeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberty Bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bell of Independence Hall; rung 8 July 1776 to announce the signing of the Declaration of Independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberty cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close-fitting conical cap worn as a symbol of liberty during the French Revolution and in the U.S. before 1800" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberty ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow cargo ship built during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library", + "depository library" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library" + ], + "it": [ + "biblioteca", + "libreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where books are kept" + ], + "it": [ + "una stanza dove sono tenuti libri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library" + ], + "it": [ + "biblioteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses a collection of books and other materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license plate", + "numberplate" + ], + "it": [ + "targa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate mounted on the front and back of car and bearing the car's registration number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lid" + ], + "it": [ + "coperchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable top or cover (hinged or separate) for closing the opening at the top of a box, chest, jar, pan, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lidar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring system that detects and locates objects on the same principle as radar but uses light from a laser; a potential technology for detecting air turbulence that can affect aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreational facility including a swimming pool for water sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lidocaine", + "Xylocaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local anesthetic (trade names Lidocaine and Xylocaine) used topically on the skin and mucous membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lido deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open deck including a swimming pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liebig condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condenser: during distillation the vapor passes through a tube that is cooled by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie detector" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina della verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polygraph that records bodily changes sometimes associated with lying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeboat" + ], + "it": [ + "lancia di salvataggio", + "scialuppa di salvataggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong sea boat designed to rescue people from a sinking ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life buoy", + "lifesaver", + "life belt", + "life ring" + ], + "it": [ + "ciambella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life preserver in the form of a ring of buoyant material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life jacket", + "life vest", + "cork jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "giubbotto di salvataggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life preserver consisting of a sleeveless jacket of buoyant or inflatable design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeline" + ], + "it": [ + "sagola di salvataggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line thrown from a vessel that people can cling to in order to save themselves from drowning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line that raises or lowers a deep-sea diver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cast taken from the face of a living person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life assurance office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life preserver", + "preserver", + "flotation device" + ], + "it": [ + "salvagente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rescue equipment consisting of a buoyant belt or jacket to keep a person from drowning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life raft", + "Carling float" + ], + "it": [ + "zattera di salvataggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raft to use if a ship must be abandoned in an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life-support system", + "life support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical equipment that assists or replaces important bodily functions and so enables a patient to live who otherwise might not survive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life-support system", + "life support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment that makes life possible in otherwise deadly environmental conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the layers forming the heel of a shoe or boot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device worn in a shoe or boot to make the wearer look taller or to correct a shortened leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifting device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for lifting heavy loads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pump used to lift rather than force a liquid up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any connection or unifying bond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligature" + ], + "it": [ + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thread used by surgeons to bind a vessel (as to constrict the flow of blood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal band used to attach a reed to the mouthpiece of a clarinet or saxophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "light source" + ], + "it": [ + "fanale", + "luce", + "lume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any device serving as a source of illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rifle or pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light bulb", + "lightbulb", + "bulb", + "incandescent lamp", + "electric light", + "electric-light bulb" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbo", + "lampadina", + "luce elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric lamp consisting of a transparent or translucent glass housing containing a wire filament (usually tungsten) that emits light when heated by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light circuit", + "lighting circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wiring that provides power to electric lights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light-emitting diode", + "LED" + ], + "it": [ + "diodo luminoso", + "led" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighter", + "light", + "igniter", + "ignitor" + ], + "it": [ + "accenditore", + "macchinetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for lighting or igniting fuel or charges or fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighter-than-air craft" + ], + "it": [ + "aerostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aircraft supported by its own buoyancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light filter", + "diffusing screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent filter that reduces the light (or some wavelengths of the light) passing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus for supplying artificial light effects for the stage or a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighting fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixture providing artificial light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light machine gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submachine gun not greater than .30 millimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light meter", + "exposure meter", + "photometer" + ], + "it": [ + "esposimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic equipment that measures the intensity of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light microscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscope consisting of an optical instrument that magnifies the image of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightning rod", + "lightning conductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic conductor that is attached to a high point and leads to the ground; protects the building from destruction by lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light pen", + "electronic stylus" + ], + "it": [ + "light pen", + "penna luminosa", + "penna ottica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a pointer that when pointed at a computer display senses whether or not the spot is illuminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightship" + ], + "it": [ + "battello faro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship equipped like a lighthouse and anchored where a permanent lighthouse would be impracticable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "likeness", + "semblance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "picture consisting of a graphic image of a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of inflatable air mattress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the graduated arc that is attached to an instrument for measuring angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two halves of a bow from handle to tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle used to pull a field gun or caisson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limbers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel or gutter on either side of a ship's keelson; carries bilge water into the pump well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limekiln" + ], + "it": [ + "calcara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiln used to reduce naturally occurring forms of calcium carbonate to lime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limelight", + "calcium light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp consisting of a flame directed at a cylinder of lime with a lens to concentrate the light; formerly used for stage lighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limiter", + "clipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a nonlinear electronic circuit whose output is limited in amplitude; used to limit the instantaneous amplitude of a waveform (to clip off the peaks of a waveform)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limousine", + "limo" + ], + "it": [ + "limousine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large luxurious car; usually driven by a chauffeur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linchpin", + "lynchpin" + ], + "it": [ + "acciarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pin inserted through an axletree to hold a wheel on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincoln Memorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memorial building in Washington containing a large marble statue of Abraham Lincoln" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lincomycin", + "Lincocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic (trade name Lincocin) obtained from a streptomyces bacterium and used in the treatment of certain penicillin-resistant infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "corda", + "fune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (as a cord or rope) that is long and thin and flexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line", + "railway line", + "rail line" + ], + "it": [ + "binario", + "linea ferroviaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the road consisting of railroad track and roadbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial organization serving as a common carrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line", + "product line", + "line of products", + "line of merchandise", + "business line", + "line of business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular kind of product or merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear accelerator", + "linac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ions are accelerated along a linear path by voltage differences on electrodes along the path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linecut", + "line block", + "line engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engraving consisting of a block that has been etched or engraved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linecut", + "line engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print obtained from a line drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linen" + ], + "it": [ + "biancheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white goods or clothing made with linen cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linen" + ], + "it": [ + "lino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of defense", + "line of defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defensive structure consisting of a barrier that can be employed for defense against attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line printer", + "line-at-a-time printer" + ], + "it": [ + "stampante parallela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printer that serves as an output device on a computer; prints a whole line of characters at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liner", + "ocean liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large commercial ship (especially one that carries passengers on a regular schedule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liner", + "lining" + ], + "it": [ + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingerie", + "intimate apparel" + ], + "it": [ + "intimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women's underwear and nightclothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liniment", + "embrocation" + ], + "it": [ + "embrocazione", + "linimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal liquid that is rubbed into the skin to relieve muscular stiffness and pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lining", + "liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that protects an inside surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "link", + "linkup", + "tie", + "tie-in" + ], + "it": [ + "legame", + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener that serves to join or connect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "link", + "data link" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interconnecting circuit between two or more locations for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical system of rods or springs or pivots that transmits power or motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "links", + "golf links" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf course that is built on sandy ground near a shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Link trainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of flight simulator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linocut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design carved in relief into a block of linoleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linocut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print that is made from a design carved in relief into a block of linoleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linoleum knife", + "linoleum cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife having a short stiff blade with a curved point used for cutting linoleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linotype", + "Linotype machine" + ], + "it": [ + "linotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typesetting machine operated from a keyboard that casts an entire line as a single slug of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linsey-woolsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rough fabric of linen warp and wool or cotton woof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick about a meter long with a point on one end (to stick in the ground) and a forked head on the other end (to hold a lighted match); formerly used to fire cannons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton or linen fabric with the nap raised on one side; used to dress wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion-jaw forceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of forceps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip balm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balm applied to the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip-gloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup that makes the lips shiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipid-lowering medicine", + "lipid-lowering medication", + "statin drug", + "statin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that lowers blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipstick", + "lip rouge" + ], + "it": [ + "rossetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup that is used to color the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liqueur glass" + ], + "it": [ + "bicchierino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small glass for serving a small amount of liqueur (typically after dinner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid crystal display", + "LCD" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "visualizzatore a cristalli liquidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digital display that uses liquid crystal cells that change reflectivity in an applied electric field; used for portable computer displays and watches etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid detergent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detergent in liquid form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid metal reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor using liquid metal as a coolant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soap in liquid form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisinopril", + "Prinival", + "Zestril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ACE inhibiting drug (trade names Prinival or Zestril) administered as an antihypertensive and after heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisle", + "lisle thread" + ], + "it": [ + "filo di Scozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong tightly twisted cotton thread (usually made of long-staple cotton)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric woven with lisle thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lister", + "lister plow", + "lister plough", + "middlebreaker", + "middle buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moldboard plow with a double moldboard designed to move dirt to either side of a central furrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithograph", + "lithograph machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duplicator that prints by lithography; a flat surface (of stone or metal) is treated to absorb or repel ink in the desired pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithograph" + ], + "it": [ + "litografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print produced by lithography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ], + "it": [ + "lettiga", + "portantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance consisting of a chair or bed carried on two poles by bearers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litterbin", + "litter basket", + "litter-basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bin (usually in or outside a public building) into which the public can put rubbish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little theater", + "little theatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small theater for experimental drama or collegiate or community groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live axle", + "driving axle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the axle of a self-propelled vehicle that provides the driving power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live load", + "superload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable load on a structure (e.g. a bridge) such as moving traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livery" + ], + "it": [ + "livrea", + "uniforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uniform worn by some menservants and chauffeurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livery stable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable where horses and vehicles are kept for hire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living quarters", + "quarters" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggiamento", + "alloggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing available for people to live in" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle aree in cui viene suddivisa una città, caratterizzata dal punto di vista urbanistico, ectico, storico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living room", + "living-room", + "sitting room", + "front room", + "parlor", + "parlour" + ], + "it": [ + "sala", + "soggiorno", + "salotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a private house or establishment where people can sit and talk and relax" + ], + "it": [ + "una stanza dove le persone possono sedersi e parlare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load", + "loading", + "burden" + ], + "it": [ + "carico", + "soma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weight to be borne or conveyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device to which electrical power is delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loafer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low leather step-in shoe; the top resembles a moccasin but it has a broad flat heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that is lent as a replacement for one that is under repair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loan office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office where loans are negotiated and repaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded projection that is part of a larger structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster pot" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trap for catching lobsters" + ], + "it": [ + "nassa per aragoste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public transport consisting of a bus or train that stops at all stations or stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local anesthetic", + "local anaesthetic", + "local", + "topical anesthetic", + "topical anaesthetic" + ], + "it": [ + "anestesia locale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthetic that numbs a particular area of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local area network", + "LAN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local computer network for communication between computers; especially a network connecting computers and word processors and other electronic office equipment to create a communication system between offices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local oscillator", + "heterodyne oscillator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oscillator whose output heterodynes with the incoming radio signal to produce sum and difference tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local road", + "local street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street that is primarily used to gain access to the property bordering it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "location" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace away from a studio at which some or all of a movie may be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lochaber ax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle-ax formerly used by Scottish Highlanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura", + "serratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener fitted to a door or drawer to keep it firmly closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock", + "ignition lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint incorporated into the ignition switch to prevent the use of a vehicle by persons who do not have the key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock", + "lock chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclosure consisting of a section of canal that can be closed to control the water level; used to raise or lower vessels that pass through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that detonates the charge of a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of locks in a canal or waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener that locks or closes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locker room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (as at an athletic facility or workplace) where you can change clothes and which contains lockers for the temporary storage of your clothing and personal possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locket" + ], + "it": [ + "medaglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ornamental case; usually contains a picture or a lock of hair and is worn on a necklace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock-gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate that can be locked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locking pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pliers that can be locked in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locknut", + "safety nut" + ], + "it": [ + "controdado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplementary nut that is screwed down on a primary nut to prevent it from loosening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockring", + "lock ring", + "lock washer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "washer that prevents a nut from loosening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockstitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine stitch in which the top thread interlocks with the bobbin thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockup" + ], + "it": [ + "camera di sicurezza", + "guardina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jail in a local police station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locomotive", + "engine", + "locomotive engine", + "railway locomotive" + ], + "it": [ + "locomotiva", + "macchina", + "motrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle consisting of a self-propelled engine that is used to draw trains along railway tracks" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo ferroviario usato per il traino di convogli e vagoni ferroviari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge", + "indian lodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Native American dwellings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge", + "hunting lodge" + ], + "it": [ + "capanno da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small (rustic) house used as a temporary shelter" + ], + "it": [ + "casa signorile di campagna, gen. adibita a usi particolari", + "casino di caccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small house at the entrance to the grounds of a country mansion; usually occupied by a gatekeeper or gardener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodging house", + "rooming house" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house where rooms are rented" + ], + "it": [ + "casa con camere in affitto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loestrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft", + "attic", + "garret" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaino", + "soffitta", + "solaio", + "sottotetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage" + ], + "it": [ + "uno spazio aperto situato sotto il tetto della casa, spesso usato come deposito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft", + "pigeon loft" + ], + "it": [ + "piccionaia", + "soppalco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised shelter in which pigeons are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ], + "it": [ + "granaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument that consists of a float that trails from a ship by a knotted line in order to measure the ship's speed through the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log cabin" + ], + "it": [ + "capanna di legno", + "capanna di tronchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cabin built with logs" + ], + "it": [ + "capanna di tronchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balcony consisting of the forward section of a theater mezzanine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loggia" + ], + "it": [ + "loggia", + "portico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roofed arcade or gallery with open sides stretching along the front or side of a building; often at an upper level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that performs an elementary logic operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knotted cord that runs out from a reel to a piece of wood that is attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lomotil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of an antidiarrheal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lomustine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug often used to treat brain tumors or Hodgkin's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest boat carried by a merchant sailing vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful wooden bow drawn by hand; usually 5-6 feet long; used in medieval England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron with a long shaft and a steep face; for hitting long low shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long johns" + ], + "it": [ + "mutandoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm underwear with long legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longshot" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "foto da lontano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph taken from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long sleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeve extending from shoulder to wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long tom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long swivel cannon formerly used by the navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long trousers", + "long pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers reaching to the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long underwear", + "union suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undergarment with shirt and drawers in one piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looking glass", + "glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mirror; usually a ladies' dressing mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lookout", + "observation tower", + "lookout station", + "observatory" + ], + "it": [ + "torre di osservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure commanding a wide view of its surroundings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loom" + ], + "it": [ + "telaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile machine for weaving yarn into a textile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intrauterine device in the shape of a loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loophole" + ], + "it": [ + "feritoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hole in a fortified wall; for observation or discharging weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various knots used to make a fixed loop in a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop-line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway branch line that branches from the trunk line and then rejoins it later on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lo/Ovral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norgestrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorazepam", + "Ativan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer (trade name Ativan) used to treat anxiety and tension and insomnia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorgnette" + ], + "it": [ + "lorguette", + "occhialetto", + "occhialino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eyeglasses that are held to the eyes with a long handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorraine cross", + "cross of Lorraine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with two crossbars, one above and one below the midpoint of the vertical, the lower longer than the upper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorry", + "camion" + ], + "it": [ + "truck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large truck designed to carry heavy loads; usually without sides" + ], + "it": [ + "grande camion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lorry" + ], + "it": [ + "carro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large low horse-drawn wagon without sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lost-and-found" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repository in a public building where lost articles can be kept until their owners reclaim them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globular water bottle used in Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotion" + ], + "it": [ + "lozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cosmetic preparations that are applied to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotion", + "application" + ], + "it": [ + "lozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid preparation having a soothing or antiseptic or medicinal action when applied to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loudspeaker", + "speaker", + "speaker unit", + "loudspeaker system", + "speaker system" + ], + "it": [ + "altoparlante", + "amplificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electro-acoustic transducer that converts electrical signals into sounds loud enough to be heard at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounge", + "waiting room", + "waiting area" + ], + "it": [ + "sala d'aspetto", + "sala d'attesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room (as in a hotel or airport) with seating where people can wait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of clothing designed for comfort and leisure wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounging jacket", + "smoking jacket" + ], + "it": [ + "giacca da camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's soft jacket usually with a tie belt; worn at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounging pajama", + "lounging pyjama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pajamas worn while lounging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loungewear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing suitable for relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loupe", + "jeweler's loupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small magnifying glass (usually set in an eyepiece) used by jewelers and horologists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louver", + "louvre", + "fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a set of parallel slats in a door or window to admit air and reject rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louvered window", + "jalousie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window with glass louvers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louvre", + "Louvre Museum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art museum that is a famous tourist attraction in Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovastatin", + "Mevacor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral drug (trade name Mevacor) to reduce blood cholesterol levels; used when dietary changes have proved inadequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love knot", + "lovers' knot", + "lover's knot", + "true lovers' knot", + "true lover's knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stylized or decorative knot used as an emblem of love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love seat", + "loveseat", + "tete-a-tete", + "vis-a-vis" + ], + "it": [ + "amorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sofa that seats two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love-token" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keepsake given as a token of love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loving cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large drinking vessel (usually with two handles) that people drink out of in turn at a banquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low chest or table with drawers and supported on four legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower berth", + "lower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower of two berths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower deck", + "third deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deck below the main deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-pass filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter that passes frequencies below a certain value and attenuates frequencies above that value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-warp-loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handloom in which the warp is carried horizontally; for weaving tapestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loxapine", + "Loxitane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer (trade name Loxitane) used to treat schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LP", + "L-P" + ], + "it": [ + "L.P.", + "ellepi", + "long play", + "long playing", + "microsolco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-playing phonograph record; designed to be played at 33.3 rpm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "L-plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square plate bearing the letter L that is attached to both ends of a car to indicate that the driver is a learner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubber's hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hole in a platform on a mast through which a sailor can climb without going out on the shrouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubricating system", + "force-feed lubricating system", + "force feed", + "pressure-feed lubricating system", + "pressure feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical system of lubricating internal combustion engines in which a pump forces oil into the engine bearings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the forward edge of a fore-and-aft sail that is next to the mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting piece that is used to lift or support or turn something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing sled for one or two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German semiautomatic pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luggage carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrier (as behind a bicycle seat) for luggage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luggage compartment", + "automobile trunk", + "trunk" + ], + "it": [ + "bagagliaio", + "baule", + "portabagagli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compartment in an automobile that carries luggage or shopping or tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luggage rack", + "roof rack" + ], + "it": [ + "portabagagli", + "portapacchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carrier for holding luggage above the seats of a train or on top of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fishing boat rigged with one or more lugsails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lugsail", + "lug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sail with four corners that is hoisted from a yard that is oblique to the mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lug wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with jaws that have projecting lugs to engage the object that is to be rotated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumberjack", + "lumber jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short warm outer jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbermill", + "sawmill" + ], + "it": [ + "segheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for dressing logs and lumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumber room" + ], + "it": [ + "bugigattolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storeroom in a house where odds and ends can be stored (especially furniture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumberyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where lumber is stocked for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar excursion module", + "lunar module", + "LEM" + ], + "it": [ + "lem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spacecraft that carries astronauts from the command module to the surface of the moon and back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunchroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant (in a facility) where lunch can be purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunette", + "fenestella" + ], + "it": [ + "lunetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oval or circular opening; to allow light into a dome or vault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary fortification like a detached bastion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lungi", + "lungyi", + "longyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long piece of brightly colored cloth (cotton or silk) used as clothing (a skirt or loincloth or sash etc.) in India and Pakistan and Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crescent-shaped metal ornament of the Bronze Age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lusterware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pottery with a metallic sheen produced by adding metallic oxides to the glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lute" + ], + "it": [ + "liuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chordophone consisting of a plucked instrument having a pear-shaped body, a usually bent neck, and a fretted fingerboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxury liner", + "express luxury liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liner equipped for sumptuous living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyceum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public hall for lectures and concerts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lychgate", + "lichgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roofed gate to a churchyard, formerly used as a temporary shelter for the bier during funerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphangiogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angiogram of the lymph nodes and lymph vessels made after the injection of a radiopaque substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lypressin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidiuretic and vasoconstrictor used to treat diabetes insipidus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyre" + ], + "it": [ + "lira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harp used by ancient Greeks for accompaniment" + ], + "it": [ + "arpa usata dagli antichi Greci per accompagnamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysergic acid diethylamide", + "LSD" + ], + "it": [ + "acido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful hallucinogenic drug manufactured from lysergic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machete", + "matchet", + "panga" + ], + "it": [ + "machete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large heavy knife used in Central and South America as a weapon or for cutting vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machicolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting parapet supported by corbels on a medieval castle; has openings through which stones or boiling water could be dropped on an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi meccanismo meccanico od elettrico che esegue od assiste lo svolgimento di compiti umani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine", + "simple machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for overcoming resistance at one point by applying force at some other point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bolt with a square or hexagonal head on one end and a threaded shaft on the other end; tightened with a wrench; used to connect metal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine gun" + ], + "it": [ + "mitraglia", + "mitragliatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapidly firing automatic gun (often mounted)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machinery" + ], + "it": [ + "apparato", + "macchinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machines or machine systems collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw used either with a nut or with a tapped hole; slotted head can be driven by a screwdriver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine shop" + ], + "it": [ + "officina meccanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workshop where metal is cut and shaped etc., by machine tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine stitch", + "sewing-machine stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sewing stitch made by a sewing machine, sometimes using more than one thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine tool" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina utensile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powered machine for cutting or shaping or finishing metals or other materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machinist's vise", + "metalworking vise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vise with two parallel iron jaws and a wide opening below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machmeter" + ], + "it": [ + "machmetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speedometer for measuring the speed of an aircraft relative to the speed of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macintosh", + "mackintosh", + "mac", + "mack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof raincoat made of rubberized fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mackinac Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the channel between the lower and upper peninsulas of Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackinaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy woolen cloth heavily napped and felted, often with a plaid design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackinaw", + "Mackinaw boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat-bottomed boat used on upper Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackinaw", + "Mackinaw blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick plaid blanket formerly used in the northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackinaw", + "Mackinaw coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short plaid coat made of made of thick woolen material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackintosh", + "macintosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight waterproof (usually rubberized) fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrame" + ], + "it": [ + "macramè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively coarse lace; made by weaving and knotting cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madras" + ], + "it": [ + "madras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light patterned cotton cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mae West", + "air jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflatable life jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine", + "powder store", + "powder magazine" + ], + "it": [ + "polveriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storehouse (as a compartment on a warship) where weapons and ammunition are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "product consisting of a paperback periodic publication as a physical object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine", + "cartridge" + ], + "it": [ + "caricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light-tight supply chamber holding the film and supplying it for exposure as required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine rack" + ], + "it": [ + "portagiornali", + "portariviste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for displaying magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic bullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remedy (drug or therapy or preventive) that cures or prevents a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic lantern" + ], + "it": [ + "lanterna magica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of slide projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic realism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary or artistic genre in which realistic narrative or meticulously realistic painting are combined with surreal elements of fantasy or dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maginot Line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortification built before World War II to protect France's eastern border; initially considered to be impregnable, it was easily overrun by the German army in 1940" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnet" + ], + "it": [ + "calamita", + "magnete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container consisting of any configuration of magnetic fields used to contain a plasma during controlled thermonuclear reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic bubble memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonvolatile storage device that holds information in the form of bubbles on a thin film of magnetic silicate; no longer used in most computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic compass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compass based on an indicator (as a magnetic needle) that points to the magnetic north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic core memory", + "core memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer memory consisting of an array of magnetic cores; now superseded by semiconductor memories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic disk", + "magnetic disc", + "disk", + "disc" + ], + "it": [ + "disco", + "disco magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a memory device consisting of a flat disk covered with a magnetic coating on which information is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electromagnet (as on a tape recorder) that converts electrical variations into magnetic variations that can be stored on a surface and later retrieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a marine mine that is detonated by a mechanism that responds to magnetic material (as the steel hull of a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender magnet suspended in a magnetic compass on a mounting with little friction; used to indicate the direction of the earth's magnetic pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic recorder" + ], + "it": [ + "registratore magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recorder consisting of equipment for making records on magnetic media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic stripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short strip of magnetic tape attached to a credit card or debit card; it contains data that will tell a reading device who you are and what your account number is, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic tape", + "mag tape", + "tape" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory device consisting of a long thin plastic strip coated with iron oxide; used to record audio or video signals or to store computer information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magneto", + "magnetoelectric machine" + ], + "it": [ + "magnete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dynamo with a secondary winding that produces a high voltage enabling a spark to jump between the poles of a spark plug in a gasoline engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientific instrument that registers magnetic variations (especially variations of the earth's magnetic field)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetometer", + "gaussmeter" + ], + "it": [ + "magnetometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter to compare strengths of magnetic fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetron" + ], + "it": [ + "magnetron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diode vacuum tube in which the flow of electrons from a central cathode to a cylindrical anode is controlled by crossed magnetic and electric fields; used mainly in microwave oscillators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientific instrument that magnifies an image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnum" + ], + "it": [ + "magnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wine bottle for liquor or wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnum opus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great work of art or literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnus hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rolling hitch similar to a clove hitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyance that transports the letters and packages that are conveyed by the postal system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailbag", + "postbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "letter carrier's shoulder bag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailbag", + "mail pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pouch used in the shipment of mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailboat", + "mail boat", + "packet", + "packet boat" + ], + "it": [ + "postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat for carrying mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailbox", + "letter box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private box for delivery of mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail car" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozza postale", + "vagone postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway car in which mail is transported and sorted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maildrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop where mail can be deposited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container for something to be mailed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maillot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tights for dancers or gymnasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maillot", + "tank suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's one-piece bathing suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slot (usually in a door) through which mail can be delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailsorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sorter for sorting mail according to the address" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail train" + ], + "it": [ + "postale", + "treno postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train that carries mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main" + ], + "it": [ + "conduttura", + "conduttura principale", + "tubazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principal pipe in a system that distributes water or gas or electricity or that collects sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square mainsail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main deck", + "second deck" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the uppermost sheltered deck that runs the entire length of a large vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main street of a town or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainframe", + "mainframe computer" + ], + "it": [ + "mainframe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large digital computer serving 100-400 users and occupying a special air-conditioned room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal route of a transportation system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainmast" + ], + "it": [ + "albero maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief mast of a sailing vessel with two or more masts" + ], + "it": [ + "albero principale di una imbarcazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main rotor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotor consisting of large rotating airfoils on a single-rotor helicopter that produce the lift to support the helicopter in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowermost sail on the mainmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainspring" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "molla principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important spring in a mechanical device (especially a clock or watch); as it uncoils it drives the mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainstay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forestay that braces the mainmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main street", + "high street" + ], + "it": [ + "via principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street that serves as a principal thoroughfare for traffic in a town" + ], + "it": [ + "ampia strada urbana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main-topmast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topmast next above the mainmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main-topsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a topsail set on the mainmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yard for a square mainsail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maisonette", + "maisonnette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maisonette", + "maisonnette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-contained apartment (usually on two floors) in a larger house and with its own entrance from the outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majolica", + "maiolica" + ], + "it": [ + "maiolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly decorated earthenware with a glaze of tin oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) a suit of superior scoring value, either spades or hearts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major tranquilizer", + "major tranquillizer", + "major tranquilliser", + "antipsychotic drug", + "antipsychotic agent", + "antipsychotic", + "neuroleptic drug", + "neuroleptic agent", + "neuroleptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer used to treat psychotic conditions when a calming effect is desired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeup", + "make-up", + "war paint" + ], + "it": [ + "belletto", + "maquillage", + "trucco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmetics applied to the face to improve or change your appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight added to the scale to reach a required weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeweight", + "filler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything added to fill out a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "making" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maksutov telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflecting telescope in which the aberration of the concave mirror is reduced by a meniscus lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacca", + "malacca cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cane made from the stem of a rattan palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallet", + "beetle" + ], + "it": [ + "maglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool resembling a hammer but with a large head (usually wooden); used to drive wedges or ram down paving stones or for crushing or beating or flattening or smoothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallet", + "hammer" + ], + "it": [ + "mazzolo", + "mazzuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light drumstick with a rounded head that is used to strike such percussion instruments as chimes, kettledrums, marimbas, glockenspiels, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mallet" + ], + "it": [ + "maglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sports implement with a long handle and a head like a hammer; used in sports (polo or croquet) to hit a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese cross" + ], + "it": [ + "croce di Malta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with triangular or arrow-shaped arms and the points toward the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammogram" + ], + "it": [ + "mammogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "X-ray film of the soft tissue of the breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man", + "piece" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo elemento usato in diversi giochi da tavolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various geometric designs (usually circular) symbolizing the universe; used chiefly in Hinduism and Buddhism as an aid to meditation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandola" + ], + "it": [ + "mandola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early type of mandolin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandolin" + ], + "it": [ + "mandolino", + "pandora", + "pandura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument related to the lute, usually played with a plectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manger", + "trough" + ], + "it": [ + "greppia", + "mangiatoia", + "trogolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container (usually in a barn or stable) from which cattle or horses feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangle" + ], + "it": [ + "mangano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothes dryer for drying and ironing laundry by passing it between two heavy heated rollers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhole" + ], + "it": [ + "botola", + "caditoia", + "cameretta", + "tombino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (usually with a flush cover) through which a person can gain access to an underground structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhole cover" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusino", + "tombino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flush iron cover for a manhole (as in a street)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifold" + ], + "it": [ + "collettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mannequin", + "manikin", + "mannikin", + "manakin", + "form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life-size dummy used to display clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mannitol", + "Osmitrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diuretic (trade name Osmitrol) used to promote the excretion of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man-of-war", + "ship of the line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship intended for combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manometer" + ], + "it": [ + "manometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pressure gauge for comparing pressures of a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manor", + "manor house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mansion of a lord or wealthy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manor hall", + "hall" + ], + "it": [ + "hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large room of a manor or castle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MANPAD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man-portable surface-to-air missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mansard", + "mansard roof" + ], + "it": [ + "mansarda", + "tetto mansardato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hip roof having two slopes on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residence of a clergyman (especially a Presbyterian clergyman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i55999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mansion", + "mansion house", + "manse", + "hall", + "residence" + ], + "it": [ + "dimora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and imposing house" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio di ragguardevoli dimesioni e pregio artistico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blanket that is used as a cloak or shawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantel", + "mantelpiece", + "mantle", + "mantlepiece", + "chimneypiece" + ], + "it": [ + "caminiera", + "frontale", + "mensola del caminetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shelf that projects from wall above fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantelet", + "mantilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short cape worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantelet", + "mantlet" + ], + "it": [ + "mantelletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "portable bulletproof shelter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantilla" + ], + "it": [ + "mantiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's silk or lace scarf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap for catching trespassers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose gown of the 17th and 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mao jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light weight jacket with a high collar; worn by Mao Zedong and the Chinese people during his regime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map" + ], + "it": [ + "carta", + "carta geografica", + "cartina", + "mappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface (or part of it)" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione grafica, simbolica e in scala, di una parte o di tutta la superficie terrestre, o di alcuni suoi aspetti particolari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection of the globe onto a flat map using a grid of lines of latitude and longitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maquiladora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assembly plant in Mexico (near the United States border); parts are shipped into Mexico and the finished product is shipped back across the border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maraca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow gourd containing pebbles or beans; often played in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marble" + ], + "it": [ + "biglia", + "bilia", + "globetto", + "pallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ball of glass that is used in various games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marble" + ], + "it": [ + "marmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture carved from marble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marching order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipage for marching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marimba", + "xylophone" + ], + "it": [ + "silofono", + "xilofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument with wooden bars tuned to produce a chromatic scale and with resonators; played with small mallets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fancy dock for small yachts and cabin cruisers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marineland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial aquarium featuring trained dolphins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some conspicuous object used to distinguish or mark something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marker" + ], + "it": [ + "marchiatore", + "marchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing implement for making a mark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market garden" + ], + "it": [ + "orto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden where fruit and vegetables are grown for marketing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marketplace", + "market place", + "mart", + "market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in a town where a public mercantile establishment is set up" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo deputato agli scambi commerciali, generalmente all'aperto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small usually tarred line of 2 strands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marlinespike", + "marlinspike", + "marlingspike" + ], + "it": [ + "stercorario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed iron hand tool that is used to separate strands of a rope or cable (as in splicing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmite" + ], + "it": [ + "marmitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pot especially one with legs used e.g. for cooking soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marocain", + "crepe marocain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress crepe; similar to Canton crepe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maroon" + ], + "it": [ + "mortaletto", + "mortaretto", + "razzo per segnalazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exploding firework used as a warning signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marquee", + "marquise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permanent canopy over an entrance of a hotel etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marquetry", + "marqueterie" + ], + "it": [ + "intarsio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inlaid veneers are fitted together to form a design or picture that is then used to ornament furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bed shared by a newly wed couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marseille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong cotton fabric with a raised pattern; used for bedspreads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshalling yard" + ], + "it": [ + "scalo di smistamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway yard in which trains are assembled and goods are loaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martello tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular masonry fort for coastal defence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martingale" + ], + "it": [ + "martingala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harness strap that connects the nose piece to the girth; prevents the horse from throwing back its head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mascara" + ], + "it": [ + "mascara", + "rimmel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup that is used to darken and thicken the eye lashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; an amplifier that works on the same principle as a laser and emits coherent microwave radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil used for mashing (e.g. potatoes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mashie", + "five iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "middle-distance iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mashie niblick", + "seven iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron with a lofted face for hitting high shots to the green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masjid", + "musjid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a Muslim place of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering to disguise or conceal the face" + ], + "it": [ + "una copertura per camuffare o proteggere il volto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering worn over the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masking piece", + "masking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scenery used to block the audience's view of parts of the stage that should not be seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masking tape", + "masking paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhesive tape used to cover the part of a surface that should not be painted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of fiberboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass jar with an air-tight screw top; used in home canning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masonry" + ], + "it": [ + "muratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure built of stone or brick by a mason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mason's level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level longer than a carpenter's level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", + "MIT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineering university in Cambridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massage parlor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business establishment that offers therapeutic massage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massage parlor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where illicit sex is available under the guise of therapeutic massage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass spectrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass spectrometer that produces a graphical representation of the mass spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass spectrometer", + "spectrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "spettrometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectroscope for obtaining a mass spectrum by deflecting ions into a thin slit and measuring the ion current with an electrometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mast" + ], + "it": [ + "albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical spar for supporting sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sturdy upright pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastaba", + "mastabah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Egyptian mud-brick tomb with a rectangular base and sloping sides and flat roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master", + "master copy", + "original" + ], + "it": [ + "esemplare", + "originale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an original creation (i.e., an audio recording) from which copies can be made" + ], + "it": [ + "un originale dal quale possono essere effettuate copie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master bedroom" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "camera da letto principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal bedroom in a house; usually occupied by the head of the household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masterpiece", + "chef-d'oeuvre" + ], + "it": [ + "capolavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masthead" + ], + "it": [ + "colombiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head or top of a mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick flat pad used as a floor covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mat", + "gym mat" + ], + "it": [ + "materassino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment consisting of a piece of thick padding on the floor for gymnastic sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pad of material that is used to protect surface from an object placed on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mat", + "matting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mounting consisting of a border or background for a picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match", + "lucifer", + "friction match" + ], + "it": [ + "fiammifero", + "zolfanello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lighter consisting of a thin piece of wood or cardboard tipped with combustible chemical; ignites with friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match", + "mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exact duplicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ], + "it": [ + "fiammifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burning piece of wood or cardboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that has a groove cut into one edge and a tongue cut into the other so they fit tightly together (as in a floor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small folder of paper safety matches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchbox" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scatola per fiammiferi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for holding matches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early style of musket; a slow-burning wick would be lowered into a hole in the breech to ignite the charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match plane", + "tonguing and grooving plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane having cutters designed to make the tongues and grooves on the edges of matchboards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short thin stick of wood used in making matches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "things needed for doing or making something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materiel", + "equipage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment and supplies of a military force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maternity hospital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital that provides care for women during pregnancy and childbirth and for newborn infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maternity ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital ward that provides care for women during pregnancy and childbirth and for newborn infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mold used in the production of phonograph records, type, or other relief surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matthew Walker", + "Matthew Walker knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of stopper knot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering of coarse fabric (usually of straw or hemp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mattock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pick that is used for digging; has a flat blade set at right angles to the handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mattress" + ], + "it": [ + "coltrice", + "giaciglio", + "materassa", + "materassino", + "materasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large thick pad filled with resilient material and often incorporating coiled springs, used as a bed or part of a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mattress cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coprimaterasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedclothes that provide a cover for a mattress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mattress pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective pad over a mattress to protect it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maul", + "sledge", + "sledgehammer" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy long-handled hammer used to drive stakes or wedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maulstick", + "mahlstick" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiamano", + "bacchetta", + "poggiamano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long stick that a painter uses to support the hand holding the brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trademark for a repeating rifle or pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mausoleum" + ], + "it": [ + "mausoleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large burial chamber, usually above ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mausoleum at Halicarnasus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white marble mausoleum 140 feet high built in 352 BC at Halicarnassus as a memorial to a king; destroyed in 1402" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long skirt ending below the calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxim gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete water-cooled machine gun having a single barrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximum and minimum thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thermometer that records the highest and lowest temperatures reached during a period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxzide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an antihypertensive drug containing hydrochlorothiazide and another diuretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maypole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical pole or post decorated with streamers that can be held by dancers celebrating May Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maze", + "labyrinth" + ], + "it": [ + "labirinto", + "dedalo", + "laberinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hardwood drinking bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "means" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumentality for accomplishing some end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container of some standard capacity that is used to obtain fixed amounts of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measuring cup" + ], + "it": [ + "misurino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graduated cup used to measure liquid or granular ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument", + "measuring system", + "measuring device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument that shows the extent or amount or quantity or degree of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measuring stick", + "measure", + "measuring rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counter where meats are displayed for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat grinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for grinding meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong pointed hook from which the carcasses of animals are hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small house (on a farm) where meat is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat safe" + ], + "it": [ + "moscaiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a safe for storing meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that is inserted into the center of a roast (with the top away from the heat source); used to measure how well done the meat is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mebendazole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthelmintic used to treat hookworm and pinworm and roundworm infestations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meccano", + "Meccano set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's construction set for making mechanical models" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanism consisting of a device that works on mechanical principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale drawing of a machine or architectural plan etc," + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical piano", + "Pianola", + "player piano" + ], + "it": [ + "pianola", + "pianoforte automatico", + "autopiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanically operated piano that uses a roll of perforated paper to activate the keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of elements that interact on mechanical principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanism" + ], + "it": [ + "automatismo", + "congegno", + "dispositivo", + "meccanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device consisting of a piece of machinery; has moving parts that perform some function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meclizine", + "meclizine hydrochloride", + "Antivert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihistamine (trade name Antivert) used to treat or prevent motion sickness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meclofenamate", + "meclofenamate sodium", + "Meclomen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (trade name Meclomen) used to treat arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical building", + "health facility", + "healthcare facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building where medicine is practiced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument used in the practice of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine", + "medication", + "medicament", + "medicinal drug" + ], + "it": [ + "farmaco", + "medicamento", + "medicina", + "medicinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy ball used in physical training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine chest", + "medicine cabinet" + ], + "it": [ + "armadietto dei medicinali", + "armadietto farmaceutico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cabinet that holds medicines and toiletries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MEDLINE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the computer-based telephone system of the United States National Library of Medicine that provides rapid linkage to MEDLARS" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meerschaum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe having a bowl made of meerschaum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mefenamic acid", + "Ponstel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug (trade name Ponstel) used to treat mild pain (especially menstrual cramps)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mefloquine", + "mefloquine hydrochloride", + "Larium", + "Mephaquine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antimalarial drug (trade name Larium and Mephaquine) that is effective in cases that do not respond to chloroquine; said to produce harmful neuropsychiatric effects on some people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalith", + "megalithic structure" + ], + "it": [ + "megalite", + "megalito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memorial consisting of a very large stone forming part of a prehistoric structure (especially in western Europe)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaphone" + ], + "it": [ + "megafono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cone-shaped acoustic device held to the mouth to intensify and direct the human voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaton bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear weapon with an explosive power equivalent to one million tons of TNT" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melphalan", + "Alkeran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antineoplastic drug (trade name Alkeran) used to treat multiple myeloma and some other malignancies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membrane" + ], + "it": [ + "membrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin pliable sheet of material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorial", + "monument" + ], + "it": [ + "monumento", + "monumento commemorativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure erected to commemorate persons or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory", + "computer memory", + "storage", + "computer storage", + "store", + "memory board" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic memory device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a RAM microchip that can be plugged into a computer to provide additional memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory device", + "storage device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that preserves information for retrieval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menagerie", + "zoo", + "zoological garden" + ], + "it": [ + "giardino zoologico", + "serraglio", + "zoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the facility where wild animals are housed for exhibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mend", + "patch", + "darn" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodatura", + "rammendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sewing that repairs a worn or torn hole (especially in a garment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garments that must be repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menhir", + "standing stone" + ], + "it": [ + "menhir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall upright megalith; found primarily in England and northern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the curved upper surface of a nonturbulent liquid in a vertical tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meniscus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(optics) a lens that is concave on one side and convex on the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menorah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a candelabrum with nine branches; used during the Hanukkah festival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menorah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a candelabrum with seven branches used in ceremonies to symbolize the seven days of Creation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man's clothing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is designed for men to wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "men's room", + "men's" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public toilet for men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental hospital", + "psychiatric hospital", + "mental institution", + "institution", + "mental home", + "insane asylum", + "asylum" + ], + "it": [ + "manicomio", + "ospedale psichiatrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital for mentally incompetent or unbalanced person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menthol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lotion containing menthol which gives it the smell of mint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentholated salve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salve containing menthol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meperidine", + "meperidine hydrochloride", + "Demerol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic narcotic drug (trade name Demerol) used to treat pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mephenytoin", + "Mesantoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic anticonvulsant drug (trade name Mesantoin) used in the treatment of epilepsy when less toxic anticonvulsants have been ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mephobarbital", + "Mebaral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-acting crystalline barbiturate (trade name Mebaral) used as a sedative and as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meprobamate", + "Miltown", + "Equanil", + "Meprin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedative and tranquilizer (trade name Miltown and Equanil and Meprin) used to treat muscle tension and anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merbromine", + "Mercurochrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercurial compound applied topically as an antiseptic; Mercurochrome is the trademark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercantile establishment", + "retail store", + "sales outlet", + "outlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of business for retailing goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercaptopurine", + "Purinethol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Purinethol) that interferes with the metabolism of purine and is used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercator projection", + "Mercator's projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map projection of the earth onto a cylinder; areas appear greater the farther they are from the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merchandise", + "ware", + "product" + ], + "it": [ + "derrata", + "merce", + "prodotto", + "roba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commodities offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercurial ointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment containing mercury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury barometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barometer that shows pressure by the height of a column of mercury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary cell consisting of a zinc anode and a cathode of mercury oxide and an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury thermometer", + "mercury-in-glass thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thermometer consisting of mercury contained in a bulb at the bottom of a graduated sealed glass capillary tube marked in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit; mercury expands with a rise in temperature causing a thin thread of mercury to rise in the tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury-vapor lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ultraviolet lamp that emits a strong bluish light (rich in ultraviolet radiation) as electric current passes through mercury vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercy seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the golden covering of the ark of the covenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercy seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the throne of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merlon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid section between two crenels in a crenelated battlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merrimac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ironclad vessel built by the Confederate forces in the hope of breaking the blockade imposed by the North" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mescaline", + "peyote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hallucinatory alkaloid that is the active agent in mescal buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess", + "mess hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (large) military dining room where service personnel eat or relax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess jacket", + "monkey jacket", + "shell jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waist-length jacket tapering to a point at the back; worn by officers in the mess for formal dinners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess kit" + ], + "it": [ + "gamella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kit containing a metal dish and eating utensils; used by soldiers and campers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messuage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a dwelling house and its adjacent buildings and the adjacent land used by the household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metal detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detector that gives a signal when it detects the presence of metal; used to detect the presence of stray bits of metal in food products or to find buried metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yarn made partly or entirely of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made of a yarn that is partly or entirely of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metal screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screw made of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "household articles made of metal (especially for use at table)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metal wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golf wood with a metal head instead of the traditional wooden head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metal parts of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaproterenol", + "Alupent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bronchodilator (trade name Alupent) used to treat asthma and emphysema and other lung conditions; available in oral or inhalant forms; side effects include tachycardia and shakiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorological balloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small unmanned balloon set aloft to observe atmospheric conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter" + ], + "it": [ + "contatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various measuring instruments for measuring a quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meterstick", + "metrestick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule one meter long (usually marked off in centimeters and millimeters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metformin", + "Glucophage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidiabetic drug (trade name Glucophage) prescribed to treat type II diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methacholine", + "Mecholyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parasympathomimetic drug (trademark Mecholyl) that stimulates secretions and smooth muscle activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methadone", + "methadone hydrochloride", + "methadon", + "dolophine hydrochloride", + "fixer", + "synthetic heroin" + ], + "it": [ + "metadone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthetic narcotic drug similar to morphine but less habit-forming; used in narcotic detoxification and maintenance of heroin addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methamphetamine", + "methamphetamine hydrochloride", + "Methedrine", + "meth", + "deoxyephedrine", + "chalk", + "chicken feed", + "crank", + "glass", + "ice", + "shabu", + "trash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride; used as a stimulant to the nervous system and as an appetite suppressant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methapyrilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine used to treat allergic responses (as rhinitis or dermatitis or pruritus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methaqualone", + "Quaalude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sedative-hypnotic drug (trade name Quaalude) that is a drug of abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metharbital", + "Gemonil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticonvulsant drug (trade name Gemonil) used in the treatment of epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methenamine", + "Mandelamine", + "Urex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial agent (trade names Mandelamine and Urex) that is contained in many products that are used to treat urinary infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methicillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibiotic drug of the penicillin family used in the treatment of certain staphylococcal infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methocarbamol", + "Robaxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle relaxant for skeletal muscles (trade name Robaxin) used to treat spasms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methotrexate", + "methotrexate sodium", + "amethopterin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toxic antimetabolite that limits cellular reproduction by acting as an antagonist to folic acid; used to treat certain cancers and psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methyldopa", + "alpha methyl dopa", + "Aldomet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive drug (trade name Aldomet) used in the treatment of high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylenedioxymethamphetamine", + "MDMA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stimulant drug that is chemically related to mescaline and amphetamine and is used illicitly for its euphoric and hallucinogenic effects; it was formerly used in psychotherapy but in 1985 it was declared illegal in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methylphenidate", + "Ritalin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "central nervous system stimulant (trade name Ritalin) used in the treatment of narcolepsy in adults and attention deficit disorder in children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metoprolol", + "Lopressor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beta blocker (trade name Lopressor) used in treating hypertension and angina and arrhythmia and acute myocardial infarction; has adverse side effects (depression and exacerbation of congestive heart failure etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metro", + "tube", + "underground", + "subway system", + "subway" + ], + "it": [ + "metropolitana", + "metrò", + "métro", + "sotterranea", + "subway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric railway operating below the surface of the ground (usually in a city)" + ], + "it": [ + "linea ferroviaria urbana, totalmente o in gran parte sotterranea, per il trasporto rapido di persone all'interno di una grande città" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metronidazole", + "Flagyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antiprotozoal medication (trade name Flagyl) used to treat trichomoniasis and giardiasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metronome" + ], + "it": [ + "metronomo", + "plessimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clicking pendulum indicates the exact tempo of a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mews" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street lined with buildings that were originally private stables but have been remodeled as dwellings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mexiletine", + "Mexitil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Mexitil) used to treat ventricular arrhythmias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzanine", + "mezzanine floor", + "entresol" + ], + "it": [ + "ammezzato", + "mezzanino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intermediate floor just above the ground floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzanine", + "first balcony" + ], + "it": [ + "prima galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first or lowest balcony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzo-relievo", + "mezzo-rilievo", + "half-relief" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzorilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculptural relief between low relief and high relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzotint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print produced by an engraving that has been scraped to represent light or shade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mickey Finn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang term for knockout drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miconazole", + "Monistat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antifungal agent usually administered in the form of a nitrate (trade name Monistat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbalance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balance for weighing very small objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbrewery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small brewery; consumption of the product is mainly elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microdot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photograph reduced to the size of a dot (usually for purposes of security)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microfiche" + ], + "it": [ + "microfiche", + "microscheda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sheet of microfilm on which many pages of material have been photographed; a magnification system is used to read the material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microfilm" + ], + "it": [ + "microfilm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "film on which materials are photographed at greatly reduced size; useful for storage; a magnification system is used to read the material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micrometer", + "micrometer gauge", + "micrometer caliper" + ], + "it": [ + "micrometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caliper for measuring small distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micronor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for and oral contraceptive containing the progestin compound norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microphone", + "mike" + ], + "it": [ + "microfono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for converting sound waves into electrical energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microphotometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special kind of densitometer that measures density variations over a very small area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microprocessor" + ], + "it": [ + "microprocessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "integrated circuit semiconductor chip that performs the bulk of the processing and controls the parts of a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microscope" + ], + "it": [ + "microscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnifier of the image of small objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microtome" + ], + "it": [ + "microtomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of something for microscopic examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave", + "microwave oven" + ], + "it": [ + "forno a microonde", + "microonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kitchen appliance that cooks food by passing an electromagnetic wave through it; heat results from the absorption of energy by the water molecules in the food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave bomb", + "E-bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that explodes in midair and releases a massive burst of electromagnetic energy sufficient to disable computers and telecommunications without killing people or damaging buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave diathermy machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diathermy machine that uses microwave radiation as the source of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave linear accelerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linear accelerator that uses microwaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midazolam", + "Versed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injectable form of benzodiazepine (trade name Versed) useful for sedation and for reducing pain during uncomfortable medical procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any commodity of intermediate quality or size (especially when coarse particles of ground wheat are mixed with bran)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middy", + "middy blouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blouse with a sailor collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midiron", + "two iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long iron with a nearly vertical face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mihrab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mihrab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a design in the shape of niche in a Muslim prayer rug; during worship the niche must be pointed toward Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mild silver protein", + "Argyrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antiseptic consisting of a compound of protein and silver (trade name Argyrol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military hospital" + ], + "it": [ + "ospedale militare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hospital for soldiers and other military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military installation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any facility servicing military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military post", + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military installation at which a body of troops is stationed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military quarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living quarters for personnel on a military post" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military uniform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prescribed identifying uniform for soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vehicle used by the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk bar" + ], + "it": [ + "cremeria", + "gelateria", + "pasticceria", + "pasticcieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snack bar that sells milk drinks and light refreshments (such as ice cream)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk can" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large can for transporting milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a van (typically powered by electricity) with an open side that is used to deliver milk to houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milking machine" + ], + "it": [ + "mungitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine consisting of a suction apparatus for milking cows mechanically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milking stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low three-legged stool with a half round seat; used to sit on while milking a cow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk of magnesia" + ], + "it": [ + "latte di magnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purgative consisting of a milky white liquid suspension of magnesium hydroxide; used as a laxative and (in smaller doses) as an antacid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk wagon", + "milkwagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wagon for delivering milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill", + "grinder", + "milling machinery" + ], + "it": [ + "macinatoio", + "molino", + "mulino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machinery that processes materials by grinding or crushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milldam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dam to make a millpond to provide power for a water mill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miller", + "milling machine" + ], + "it": [ + "fresa", + "fresatrice", + "sagomatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine tool in which metal that is secured to a carriage is fed against rotating cutters that shape it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliammeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensitive ammeter graduated in milliamperes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millinery", + "woman's hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hats for women; the wares sold by a milliner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millinery", + "hat shop" + ], + "it": [ + "cappelleria", + "modisteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shop selling women's hats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corrugated edge of a coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millivoltmeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitive voltmeter that can measure voltage in millivolts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millrace", + "millrun" + ], + "it": [ + "gora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel for the water current that turns a millwheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millstone" + ], + "it": [ + "macina", + "mola", + "palmento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of heavy flat disk-shaped stones that are rotated against one another to grind the grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any load that is difficult to carry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millwheel", + "mill wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ruota di mulino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water wheel that is used to drive machinery in a mill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodwork that has been machined at a mill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimeograph", + "mimeo", + "mimeograph machine", + "Roneo", + "Roneograph" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclostile", + "ciclostilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotary duplicator that uses a stencil through which ink is pressed (trade mark Roneo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minaret" + ], + "it": [ + "minareto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender tower with balconies" + ], + "it": [ + "torre a pianta circolare o quadrata, annessa alla moschea, dalla quale il muezzin invita i fedeli alla preghiera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minato Ohashi Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cantilever bridge at Osaka, Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mincer", + "mincing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "tritacarne", + "tritatutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil that cuts or chops food (especially meat) into small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine" + ], + "it": [ + "mina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explosive device that explodes on contact; designed to destroy vehicles or ships or to kill or maim personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine" + ], + "it": [ + "miniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine detector" + ], + "it": [ + "cercamine", + "mine detector", + "rivelatore di mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detector consisting of an electromagnetic device; used to locate explosive mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minelayer" + ], + "it": [ + "affondamine", + "posamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship equipped for laying marine mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineshaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excavation consisting of a vertical or sloping passageway for finding or mining ore or for ventilating a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minesweeper" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciamine", + "dragamine", + "spazzamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship equipped to detect and then destroy or neutralize or remove marine mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature", + "toy" + ], + "it": [ + "modellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy that reproduces a person or thing in greatly reduced size" + ], + "it": [ + "una copia che riproduce qualcosa in scala molto piu` piccola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniature", + "illumination" + ], + "it": [ + "miniatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting or drawing included in a book (especially in illuminated medieval manuscripts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minibar", + "cellaret" + ], + "it": [ + "frigobar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sideboard with compartments for holding bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minibike", + "motorbike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small motorcycle with a low frame and small wheels and elevated handlebars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minibus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light bus (4 to 10 passengers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minicab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minicar used as a taxicab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minicar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that is even smaller than a subcompact car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minicomputer" + ], + "it": [ + "microcalcolatore", + "minicalcolatore", + "minicomputer", + "minielaboratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digital computer of medium size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ministry" + ], + "it": [ + "ministero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building where the business of a government department is transacted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniskirt", + "mini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very short skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minisub", + "minisubmarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submersible vessel for one or two persons; for naval operations or underwater exploration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minivan" + ], + "it": [ + "minivan", + "monovolume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small box-shaped passenger van; usually has removable seats; used as a family car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trimming on ceremonial robes consisting of white or light grey fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mink", + "mink coat" + ], + "it": [ + "pelliccia di visone", + "visone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fur coat made from the soft lustrous fur of minks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minocycline", + "Minocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tetracycline antibiotic (trade name Minocin) used to treat a variety of bacterial and rickettsial infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "( bridge) a suit of inferior scoring value, either diamonds or clubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor tranquilizer", + "minor tranquillizer", + "minor tranquilliser", + "antianxiety drug", + "anxiolytic", + "anxiolytic drug" + ], + "it": [ + "ansiolitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer used to relieve anxiety and reduce tension and irritability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minoxidil", + "Loniten", + "Rogaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vasodilator (trade name Loniten) used to treat severe hypertension; one side effect is hirsutism so it is also sold (trade name Rogaine) as a treatment for male-patterned baldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of certain cathedrals and large churches; originally connected to a monastery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant where money is coined by authority of the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) gun that is discharged once every minute (usually as part of a military funeral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute hand", + "big hand" + ], + "it": [ + "lancetta dei minuti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "points to the minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minuteman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategic weapon system using a guided missile of intercontinental range; missiles are equipped with nuclear warheads and dispersed in hardened silos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miotic drug", + "myotic drug", + "miotic", + "myotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes miosis (constriction of the pupil of the eye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror" + ], + "it": [ + "specchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polished surface that forms images by reflecting light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mise en scene", + "stage setting", + "setting" + ], + "it": [ + "ambientazione", + "messa in scena", + "messinscena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement of scenery and properties to represent the place where a play or movie is enacted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missile" + ], + "it": [ + "missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket carrying a warhead of conventional or nuclear explosives; may be ballistic or directed by remote control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missile defense system", + "missile defence system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval weaponry providing a defense system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter", + "mitre" + ], + "it": [ + "mitra", + "mitria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liturgical headdress worn by bishops on formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter", + "mitre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surface of a beveled end of a piece where a miter joint is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter box", + "mitre box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool for guiding handsaws in making crosscuts or miter joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter joint", + "mitre joint", + "miter", + "mitre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint that forms a corner; usually both sides are bevelled at a 45-degree angle to form a 90-degree corner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mithramycin", + "Mithracin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug (trade name Mithracin) used to treat cancer of the testes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitomycin", + "Mutamycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of antibiotic substances obtained from a streptomyces bacterium; one form (trade name Mutamycin) shows promise as an anticancer drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitten" + ], + "it": [ + "manopola", + "muffola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glove that encases the thumb separately and the other four fingers together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixer" + ], + "it": [ + "frullatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil that is used for mixing foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixer" + ], + "it": [ + "miscelatore", + "mixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that mixes two or more input signals to give a single output signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixing bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowl used with an electric mixer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixing faucet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single faucet for separate hot and cold water pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mizzen", + "mizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fore-and-aft sail set on the mizzenmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mizzenmast", + "mizenmast", + "mizzen", + "mizen" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "third mast from the bow in a vessel having three or more masts; the after and shorter mast of a yawl, ketch, or dandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moat", + "fosse" + ], + "it": [ + "fossato", + "fosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobcap" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large high frilly cap with a full crown; formerly worn indoors by women" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia con pizzi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sculpture suspended in midair whose delicately balanced parts can be set in motion by air currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobile home", + "manufactured home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large house trailer that can be connected to utilities and can be parked in one place and used as permanent housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobius strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous closed surface with only one side; formed from a rectangular strip by rotating one end 180 degrees and joining it with the other end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moccasin", + "mocassin" + ], + "it": [ + "mocassino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft leather shoe; originally worn by Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "full-scale working model of something built for study or testing or display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mod con" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modern convenience; the appliances and conveniences characteristic of a modern house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "simulation" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation of something (sometimes on a smaller scale)" + ], + "it": [ + "una rappresentazione di qualcosa", + "di solito su una scala piu` piccola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Model T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first widely available automobile powered by a gasoline engine; mass-produced by Henry Ford from 1908 to 1927" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modem" + ], + "it": [ + "modem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from a combination of MOdulate and DEModulate) electronic equipment consisting of a device used to connect computers by a telephone line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of art and literature that makes a self-conscious break with previous genres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Modicon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly modified copy; not an exact copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modillion" + ], + "it": [ + "modiglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) one of a set of ornamental brackets under a cornice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "module" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-contained component (unit or item) that is used in combination with other components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "module" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer circuit consisting of an assembly of electronic components (as of computer hardware)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "module" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detachable compartment of a spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mohair" + ], + "it": [ + "amoerre", + "amoerro", + "mohair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric made with yarn made from the silky hair of the Angora goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moire", + "watered-silk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silk fabric with a wavy surface pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould", + "cast" + ], + "it": [ + "stampo", + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container into which liquid is poured to create a given shape when it hardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould", + "molding", + "moulding", + "modeling", + "clay sculpture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sculpture produced by molding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moldboard", + "mouldboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wedge formed by the curved part of a steel plow blade that turns the furrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moldboard plow", + "mouldboard plough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plow that has a moldboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molding", + "moulding", + "border" + ], + "it": [ + "cornice", + "modanatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative recessed or relieved surface on an edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molding", + "moulding" + ], + "it": [ + "cimasa", + "cornice", + "cornicione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative strip used for ornamentation or finishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moleskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a durable cotton fabric with a velvety nap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molindone", + "Moban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antipsychotic drug (trade name Moban) used in the treatment of schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molotov cocktail", + "petrol bomb", + "gasoline bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bottiglia incendiaria", + "molotov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude incendiary bomb made of a bottle filled with flammable liquid and fitted with a rag wick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monastery" + ], + "it": [ + "convento", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residence of a religious community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monastic habit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long loose habit worn by monks in a monastery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneybag" + ], + "it": [ + "scarsella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawstring bag for holding money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belt with a concealed section for holding money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of electronic equipment that keeps track of the operation of a system continuously and warns of trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor" + ], + "it": [ + "monitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that is used to check the quality or content of electronic transmissions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor", + "monitoring device" + ], + "it": [ + "monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display produced by a device that takes signals and displays them on a television screen or a computer monitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ironclad vessel built by Federal forces to do battle with the Merrimac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high narrow platform above a deck or in an engine room or boiler room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light ladder to the monkey bridge on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey-wrench", + "monkey wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjustable wrench that has one fixed and one adjustable jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monk's cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy cloth in basket weave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoamine oxidase inhibitor", + "MAOI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of antidepressant drugs that inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase in the brain and so allow monoamines to accumulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monochrome" + ], + "it": [ + "monocromato", + "monocromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painting done in a range of tones of a single color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocle", + "eyeglass" + ], + "it": [ + "monocolo", + "caramella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lens for correcting defective vision in one eye; held in place by facial muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monofocal lens implant", + "monofocal IOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lens with a single focus that is used after cataract surgery to provide clear distance vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monolith" + ], + "it": [ + "monolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single great stone (often in the form of a column or obelisk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoplane" + ], + "it": [ + "monoplano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane with a single wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopoly board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board used for playing monopoly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monorail" + ], + "it": [ + "monorotaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway having a single track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotype" + ], + "it": [ + "monotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typesetting machine operated from a keyboard that sets separate characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monstrance", + "ostensorium" + ], + "it": [ + "ostensorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a vessel (usually of gold or silver) in which the consecrated Host is exposed for adoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mooring", + "mooring line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a line that holds an object (especially a boat) in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mooring anchor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anchor used to hold a mooring buoy or a channel marker in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mooring tower", + "mooring mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower for mooring airships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moorish arch", + "horseshoe arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round arch that widens before rounding off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moped" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclomotore", + "micromotore", + "motorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorbike that can be pedaled or driven by a low-powered gasoline engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mop handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a mop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moquette" + ], + "it": [ + "moquette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick velvety synthetic fabric used for carpets and soft upholstery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moreen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy fabric of wool (or wool and cotton) used mostly in upholstery or for curtains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morgue", + "mortuary", + "dead room" + ], + "it": [ + "camera mortuaria", + "obitorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building (or room) where dead bodies are kept before burial or cremation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morion", + "cabasset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal helmet worn by common soldiers in the 16th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning-after pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dose of estrogen taken orally within 24 to 72 hours after intercourse; prevents implantation of a fertilized ovum and so acts as a contraceptive; commonly used after rape or incest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's informal dress for housework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal attire for men during the daytime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sitting room used during the daylight hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphine", + "morphia" + ], + "it": [ + "morfina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid narcotic drug extracted from opium; a powerful, habit-forming narcotic used to relieve pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morris chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armchair with an adjustable back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortar", + "howitzer", + "trench mortar" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciabombe", + "obice", + "sganciabombe", + "mortaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muzzle-loading high-angle gun with a short barrel that fires shells at high elevations for a short range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortar" + ], + "it": [ + "mortaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl-shaped vessel in which substances can be ground and mixed with a pestle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortarboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic cap with a flat square with a tassel on top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortarboard", + "hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square board with a handle underneath; used by masons to hold or carry mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortise", + "mortice" + ], + "it": [ + "mortasa", + "mortesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square hole made to receive a tenon and so to form a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortise joint", + "mortise-and-tenon joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint made by inserting tenon on one piece into mortise holes in the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic" + ], + "it": [ + "mosaico", + "musaico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic", + "arial mosaic", + "photomosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement of aerial photographs forming a composite picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transducer formed by the light-sensitive surface on a television camera tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosque" + ], + "it": [ + "moschea", + "meschita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a Muslim place of worship that usually has a minaret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosquito net" + ], + "it": [ + "zanzariera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine net or screen (especially around beds) to protect against mosquitos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motel" + ], + "it": [ + "autostello", + "motel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motel room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeping room in a motel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mothball", + "camphor ball" + ], + "it": [ + "pallina di naftalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sphere of camphor or naphthalene used to keep moths away from stored clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mother Hubbard", + "muumuu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's loose unbelted dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motif", + "motive" + ], + "it": [ + "motivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design or figure that consists of recurring shapes or colors, as in architecture or decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion-picture camera", + "movie camera", + "cine-camera" + ], + "it": [ + "cinepresa", + "macchina da presa", + "cinecamera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera that takes a sequence of photographs that can give the illusion of motion when viewed in rapid succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion-picture film", + "movie film", + "cine-film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic film several hundred feet long and wound on a spool; to be used in a movie camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multicolored woolen fabric woven of mixed threads in 14th to 17th century England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motley" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vestito da buffone", + "vestito da giullare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment made of motley (especially a court jester's costume)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor" + ], + "it": [ + "motore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorboat", + "powerboat" + ], + "it": [ + "autoscafo", + "motobarca", + "motorboat", + "motoscafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat propelled by an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorcycle", + "bike" + ], + "it": [ + "motociclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor vehicle with two wheels and a strong frame" + ], + "it": [ + "un veicolo a due ruote a motore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor hotel", + "motor inn", + "motor lodge", + "tourist court", + "court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel for motorists; provides direct access from rooms to parking area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorized wheelchair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheelchair propelled by a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor scooter", + "scooter" + ], + "it": [ + "lambretta", + "motocicletta", + "motoretta", + "motorscooter", + "motoscooter", + "motoscuter", + "scooter", + "vespa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle with small wheels and a low-powered gasoline engine geared to the rear wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor vehicle", + "automotive vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "motore", + "motoveicolo", + "veicolo a motore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-propelled wheeled vehicle that does not run on rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mound", + "hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mound", + "hill", + "pitcher's mound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mount", + "setting" + ], + "it": [ + "castone", + "incassatura", + "legatura", + "montatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mounting consisting of a piece of metal (as in a ring or other jewelry) that holds a gem in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain bike", + "all-terrain bike", + "off-roader" + ], + "it": [ + "mountain bike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bicycle with a sturdy frame and fat tires; originally designed for riding in mountainous country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight tent with a floor; flaps close with a zipper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail through mountainous country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mounting" + ], + "it": [ + "montatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "framework used for support or display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourning ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring worn as a memorial to a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse", + "computer mouse" + ], + "it": [ + "mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-operated electronic device that controls the coordinates of a cursor on your computer screen as you move it around on a pad; on the bottom of the device is a ball that rolls on the surface of the pad" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo per computer che consente di muovere il cursore sullo schermo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a push button on the mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse-tooth forceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of forceps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousetrap" + ], + "it": [ + "trappola per topi", + "trappola per i topi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap for catching mice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousse", + "hair mousse", + "hair gel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toiletry consisting of an aerosol foam used in hair styling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousseline de sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauze-like fabric of silk or rayon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca", + "imboccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening of a jar or bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura di un recipiente, di un contenitore, di un organo cavo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (as in a ski mask) for the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousepad", + "mouse mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small portable pad that provides traction for the ball of a computer mouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece", + "embouchure" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "bocchetta", + "imboccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aperture of a wind instrument into which the player blows directly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece" + ], + "it": [ + "bocchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tube of a pipe or cigarette holder that a smoker holds in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acoustic device; the part of a telephone into which a person speaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece", + "gumshield" + ], + "it": [ + "paradenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(especially boxing) equipment that protects an athlete's mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece" + ], + "it": [ + "boccaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part that goes over or into the mouth of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movable barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier that can be moved to allow passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movement" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driving and regulating parts of a mechanism (as of a watch or clock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movie projector", + "cine projector", + "film projector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projects successive frames from a reel of film to create moving pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moving-coil galvanometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a galvanometer that is operated by the force exerted by an electric current flowing in a movable coil suspended in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moving van" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "furgone per traslochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a van used for moving home or office furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud brick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brick made from baked mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudguard", + "splash guard", + "splash-guard" + ], + "it": [ + "parafango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved piece above the wheel of a bicycle or motorcycle to protect the rider from water or mud thrown up by the wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudhif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reed hut in the marshlands of Iraq; rare since the marshes were drained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muff" + ], + "it": [ + "manicotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm tubular covering for the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muffle" + ], + "it": [ + "muffola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiln with an inner chamber for firing things at a low temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muffler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarf worn around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mufti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civilian dress worn by a person who is entitled to wear a military uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug" + ], + "it": [ + "boccale", + "gotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "with handle and usually cylindrical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug shot", + "mugshot" + ], + "it": [ + "foto segnaletica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph of someone's face (especially one made for police records)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mukataa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arabic word for headquarters or administrative center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulch" + ], + "it": [ + "pacciamatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering of rotting vegetable matter spread to reduce evaporation and soil erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mule", + "scuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slipper that has no fitting around the heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel in which wine is mulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonstructural vertical strip between the casements or panes of a window (or the panels of a screen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multichannel recorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recorder with two or more channels; makes continuous records of two or more signals simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiengine airplane", + "multiengine plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plane with two or more engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multifocal lens implant", + "multifocal IOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of lens implant that contains several rings with a common center and adjusts for near or far vision; the eye is in focus for near and far vision simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie theater than has several different auditoriums in the same building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplexer" + ], + "it": [ + "multiplexer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that can interleave two or more activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiprocessor" + ], + "it": [ + "multiprocessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer that uses two or more processing units under integrated control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multistage rocket", + "step rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket having two or more rocket engines (each with its own fuel) that are fired in succession and jettisoned when the fuel is exhausted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munition", + "ordnance", + "ordnance store" + ], + "it": [ + "munizioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mural", + "wall painting" + ], + "it": [ + "murale", + "murales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting that is applied to a wall surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murphy bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed that can be folded or swung into a cabinet when not being used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle relaxant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musette", + "shepherd's pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "musette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bagpipe formerly popular in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musette pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small simple oboe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "museum" + ], + "it": [ + "museo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository for collecting and displaying objects having scientific or historical or artistic value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom anchor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anchor used for semipermanent moorings; has a bowl-shaped head that will dig in however it falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical instrument", + "instrument" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento musicale", + "strumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various devices or contrivances that can be used to produce musical tones or sounds" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento usato per produrre musica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music box", + "musical box" + ], + "it": [ + "carillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produces music by means of pins on a revolving cylinder that strike the tuned teeth of a comb-like metal plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music hall", + "vaudeville theater", + "vaudeville theatre" + ], + "it": [ + "teatro di varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theater in which vaudeville is staged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school specializing in music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music stand", + "music rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light stand for holding sheets of printed music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music stool", + "piano stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stool for piano players; usually adjustable in height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musket" + ], + "it": [ + "moschetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muzzle-loading shoulder gun with a long barrel; formerly used by infantrymen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musket ball", + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid projectile that is shot by a musket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muslin" + ], + "it": [ + "mussola", + "mussolina", + "mussolino", + "mussolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plain-woven cotton fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musnud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat with a cushion that is used as a throne by Indian princes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustache cup", + "moustache cup" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinking cup with a bar inside the rim to keep a man's mustache out of the drink" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza con striscia di ceramica che collega parte del bordo in modo tale che i baffi rimangano asciutti mentre si beve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard plaster", + "sinapism" + ], + "it": [ + "senapismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaster containing powdered black mustard; applied to the skin as a counterirritant or rubefacient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mute" + ], + "it": [ + "sordina", + "sordino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used to soften the tone of a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzle loader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete firearm that was loaded through the muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leather or wire restraint that fits over an animal's snout (especially a dog's nose and jaws) and prevents it from eating or biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly unsaturated antibiotic acid obtained from an actinomycete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mydriatic", + "mydriatic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate; used to aid eye examinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "X-ray film of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots and subarachnoid space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something designed to mystify or bewilder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nabumetone", + "Relafen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Relafen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nacelle" + ], + "it": [ + "gondola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a streamlined enclosure for an aircraft engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nadolol", + "Corgard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beta-adrenergic blocking agent (trade name Corgard) that is used to treat hypertension and angina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nafcillin", + "Nafcil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penicillinase-resistant form of penicillin (trade name Nafcil) used (usually in the form of its sodium salt) to treat infections caused by penicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin pointed piece of metal that is hammered into materials as a fastener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nailbrush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolino per unghie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush used to clean a person's fingernails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nailfile" + ], + "it": [ + "limetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flat file for shaping the nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nailhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flattened boss on the end of nail opposite to the point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nailhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something resembling the head of a nail that is used as an ornamental device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole left after a nail is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail polish", + "nail enamel", + "nail varnish" + ], + "it": [ + "lacca", + "smalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmetic lacquer that dries quickly and that is applied to the nails to color them or make them shiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nainsook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft lightweight muslin used especially for babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nalidixic acid", + "NegGram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial agent used especially to treat genitourinary infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nalorphine", + "Nalline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic antagonist (trade name Nalline) that counteracts the effects of narcotics (especially the effects of poisoning by morphine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naloxone", + "Narcan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent narcotic antagonist (trade name Narcan) especially effective with morphine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naltrexone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antagonist against the action of opiates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nameplate" + ], + "it": [ + "targa", + "targhetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate bearing a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "NAND circuit", + "NAND gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logic gate that produces an output that is the inverse of the output of an AND gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nankeen" + ], + "it": [ + "nanchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a durable fabric formerly loomed by hand in China from natural cotton having a yellowish color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naphazoline", + "Privine", + "Sudafed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vasoconstrictor (trade names Privine and Sudafed) used in nasal sprays to treat symptoms of nasal congestion and in eyedrops to treat eye irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napier's bones", + "Napier's rods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of graduated rods formerly used to do multiplication and division by a method invented by John Napier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "napkin", + "table napkin", + "serviette" + ], + "it": [ + "salvietta", + "tovagliolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "napkin ring" + ], + "it": [ + "portatovagliolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular band used to hold a particular person's napkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naproxen", + "Naprosyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Naprosyn) used in the treatment of arthritis and musculoskeletal inflammation and moderate pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naproxen sodium", + "Aleve", + "Anaprox", + "Aflaxen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trademarks Aleve and Anaprox and Aflaxen) that fights pain and inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcoleptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soporific drug that produces an uncontrollable desire to sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcotic" + ], + "it": [ + "narcotico", + "stupefacente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that produces numbness or stupor; often taken for pleasure or to reduce pain; extensive use can lead to addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcotic antagonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antagonist used to counteract the effects of narcotics (especially to counteract the depression of respiration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nard", + "spikenard" + ], + "it": [ + "nardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic ointment used in antiquity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowbody aircraft", + "narrow-body aircraft", + "narrow-body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial airliner with a single aisle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad track (or its width) narrower than the standard 56.5 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow wale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corduroy with narrow ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narthex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vestibule leading to the nave of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narthex" + ], + "it": [ + "nartece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "portico at the west end of an early Christian basilica or church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal decongestant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decongestant that provides temporary relief of nasal symptoms of the common cold and rhinitis and upper respiratory infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations", + "NASDAQ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computerized data system to provide brokers with price quotations for securities traded over the counter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasotracheal tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube inserted into the trachea through the nose and pharynx; used to deliver oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Baseball Hall of Fame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hall of Fame and museum in Cooperstown, New York, honoring great baseball players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Library of Medicine", + "United States National Library of Medicine", + "U.S. National Library of Medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's largest medical library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national monument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memorial consisting of a structure or natural landmark of historic interest; set aside by national government for preservation and public enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naumachy", + "naumachia" + ], + "it": [ + "naumachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval spectacle; a mock sea battle put on by the ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautilus", + "nuclear submarine", + "nuclear-powered submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submarine that is propelled by nuclear power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigational system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that provides information useful in determining the position and course of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval chart", + "navigational chart", + "pilot chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart for a navigator showing the prevailing meteorological and hydrographic and navigational conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment for a navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval weaponry consisting of a large gun carried on a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval installation", + "shore station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military installation servicing naval forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval missile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval weaponry consisting of a missile carried on a warship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval equipment consisting of a shipboard radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naval Research Laboratory", + "NRL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States Navy's defense laboratory that conducts basic and applied research for the Navy in a variety of scientific and technical disciplines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval tactical data system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard system for collecting and displaying tactical data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval weaponry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaponry for warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nave" + ], + "it": [ + "navata", + "navata centrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigational instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used for navigating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigation light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light on an airplane that indicates the plane's position and orientation; red light on the left (port) wing tip and green light on the right (starboard) wing tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navy base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "base of operations for a naval fleet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navy yard", + "naval shipyard" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military shipyard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nearside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of a vehicle nearest the kerb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebuchadnezzar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large wine bottle holding the equivalent of 20 normal bottles of wine; used especially for display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck", + "neck opening" + ], + "it": [ + "colletto", + "collo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening in a garment for the neck of the wearer; a part of the garment near the wearer's neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow part of an artifact that resembles a neck in position or form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band around the collar of a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace worn to steady the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckcloth", + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "pettorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental white cravat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckerchief" + ], + "it": [ + "fazzoletto", + "foulard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kerchief worn around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necklace" + ], + "it": [ + "collana", + "collier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jewelry consisting of a cord or chain (often bearing gems) worn about the neck as an ornament (especially by women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necklet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoration worn about the neck (fur piece or tight necklace) as an ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckline" + ], + "it": [ + "accollatura", + "scollatura", + "scollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line formed by the edge of a garment around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of apparel worn about the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necktie", + "tie" + ], + "it": [ + "cravatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neckwear" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articles of clothing worn about the neck" + ], + "it": [ + "capi di vestiario da portare al collo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle" + ], + "it": [ + "ago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp pointed implement (usually steel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender pointer for indicating the reading on the scale of a measuring instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlenose pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pliers with long thin jaws for fine work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlepoint", + "needlepoint embroidery" + ], + "it": [ + "ricamo ad ago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery consisting of allover embroidered canvas resembling tapestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needlework", + "needlecraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creation created or assembled by needle and thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nefazodone", + "Serzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug (trade name Serzone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative" + ], + "it": [ + "negativa", + "negativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of photographic film showing an image with light and shade or colors reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative magnetic pole", + "negative pole", + "south-seeking pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pole of a magnet that points toward the south when the magnet is suspended freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal of a battery that is connected to the negative plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negligee", + "neglige", + "peignoir", + "wrapper", + "housecoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose dressing gown for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nelfinavir", + "Viracept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protease inhibitor (trade name Viracept) used in treating HIV usually in combination with other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone tool from the Neolithic Age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neomycin", + "fradicin", + "Neobiotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic obtained from an actinomycete and used (as a sulphate under the trade name Neobiotic) as an intestinal antiseptic in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neon lamp", + "neon induction lamp", + "neon tube" + ], + "it": [ + "neo", + "neon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp consisting of a small gas-discharge tube containing neon at low pressure; luminescence is produced by the action of currents at high frequencies that are wrapped a few turns around the tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neosporin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a topical drug containing several antibacterials; used as an ointment for skin irritations and in the form of eyedrops for minor eye infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neostigmine", + "Prostigmin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cholinergic drug (trade name Prostigmin) used to treat some ophthalmic conditions and to treat myasthenia gravis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that uses a grid for measuring the altitude, direction, and velocity of movement of clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of gun emplacement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture pieces made to fit close together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device consisting of an artificial egg left in a nest to induce hens to lay their eggs in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net", + "network", + "mesh", + "meshing", + "meshwork" + ], + "it": [ + "maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net" + ], + "it": [ + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap made of netting to catch fish or birds or insects" + ], + "it": [ + "intreccio di fili di fibre naturali o artificiali usato per catturare pesci, uccelli e animali selvatici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net" + ], + "it": [ + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a strip of netting dividing the playing area in tennis or badminton" + ], + "it": [ + "divide a metà le due parti del campo di gioco, nel tennis, nella pallavolo ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a goal lined with netting (as in soccer or hockey)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network" + ], + "it": [ + "rete di comunicazioni", + "rete delle comunicazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(broadcasting) a communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network", + "electronic network" + ], + "it": [ + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a system of interconnected electronic components or circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of intersecting lines or channels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutron bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba al neutrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atom bomb that produces lethal neutrons with less blast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nevirapine", + "Viramune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (trade name Viramune) used to treat AIDS and HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central pillar of a circular staircase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newel post", + "newel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post at the top or bottom of a flight of stairs; it supports the handrail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former prison in London notorious for its unsanitary conditions and burnt down in riots in 1780; a new prison was built on the same spot but was torn down in 1902" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newmarket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long close-fitting coat worn for riding in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New River Gorge Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel arch bridge across New River at Fayetteville, West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper", + "paper" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical object that is the product of a newspaper publisher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reading room (in a library or club) where newspapers and other periodicals can be read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office in which news is processed by a newspaper or news agency or television or radio station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsstand" + ], + "it": [ + "edicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stall where newspapers and other periodicals are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newtonian telescope", + "Newtonian reflector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflecting telescope in which the image is viewed through an eyepiece perpendicular to main axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York Stock Exchange", + "N. Y. Stock Exchange", + "NYSE", + "big board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock exchange in New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nib", + "pen nib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the writing point of a pen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niblick", + "nine iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron with considerable loft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nicad", + "nickel-cadmium accumulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rechargeable battery with a nickel cathode and a cadmium anode; often used in emergency systems because of its low discharge rate when not in use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British slang) a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel-iron battery", + "nickel-iron accumulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage battery having a nickel oxide cathode and an iron anode with an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide; each cell gives about 1.2 volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicol prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device that produces plane-polarized light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nifedipine", + "Procardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calcium blocker (trade name Procardia); appears to increase the risk of recurrent heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doorbell to be used at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth cap worn in bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightgown", + "gown", + "nightie", + "night-robe", + "nightdress" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia da notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lingerie consisting of a loose dress designed to be worn in bed by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night latch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doorlock operated by a knob on the inside and a key on the outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light (as a candle or small bulb) that burns in a bedroom at night (as for children or invalids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishing line with baited hooks left in the water to catch fish over night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightshirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nightclothes worn by men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightwear", + "sleepwear", + "nightclothes" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "indumenti per la notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garments designed to be worn in bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninepin", + "skittle", + "skittle pin" + ], + "it": [ + "birillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowling pin of the type used in playing ninepins or (in England) skittles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninepin ball", + "skittle ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used to knock down ninepins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nine-spot", + "nine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck with nine pips on the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine strong sheer silky fabric made of silk or rayon or nylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible cap on a baby's feeding bottle or pacifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nipple shield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rubber or plastic shield to protect the nipples of nursing women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niqab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a face veil covering the lower part of the face (up to the eyes) worn by observant Muslim women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nissen hut", + "Quonset hut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prefabricated hut of corrugated iron having a semicircular cross section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrazepam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypnotic and sedative drug of the benzodiazepine type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrofurantoin", + "Macrodantin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derivative of nitrofuran used as an antibacterial medicine (trade name Macrodantin) effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; used to treat infections of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nitrospan", + "Nitrostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade names for nitroglycerin used as a coronary vasodilator in the treatment of angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrous oxide", + "laughing gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gas esilarante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhalation anesthetic used as an anesthetic in dentistry and surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node", + "client", + "guest" + ], + "it": [ + "cliente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden block built into a masonry wall so that joinery structure can be nailed to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nogging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rough brick masonry used to fill in the gaps in a wooden frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noisemaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (such as a clapper or bell or horn) used to make a loud noise at a celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomogram", + "nomograph" + ], + "it": [ + "abaco", + "abbaco", + "nomogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphic representation of numerical relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-dedicated file server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a file server that can be used simultaneously as a workstation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsmoker", + "nonsmoking car" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger car for passengers who want to avoid tobacco smoke" + ], + "it": [ + "scompartimento per non fumatori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor", + "NNRTI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug used against HIV; binds directly to reverse transcriptase and prevents RNA conversion to DNA; often used in combination with other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory", + "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug", + "NSAID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anti-inflammatory drug that does not contain steroids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nontricyclic", + "nontricyclic drug", + "nontricyclic antidepressant", + "nontricyclic antidepressant drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of antidepressant drugs that are not tricyclic drugs and do not act by inhibiting MAO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-volatile storage", + "nonvolatile storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer storage that is not lost when the power is turned off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noose", + "running noose", + "slip noose" + ], + "it": [ + "capestro", + "cappio", + "forca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loop formed in a cord or rope by means of a slipknot; it binds tighter as the cord or rope is pulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norfolk jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose-fitting single-breasted jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noria" + ], + "it": [ + "noria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water wheel with buckets attached to the rim; used to raise water for transfer to an irrigation channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norinyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norethindrone and mestranol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norlestrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nor-Q-D" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nortriptyline", + "Pamelor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Pamelor) used along with psychotherapy to treat dysthymic depression; may interact dangerously if taken with other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ], + "it": [ + "muso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a front that resembles a human nose (especially the front of an aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front or forward projection of a tool or weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosebag", + "feedbag" + ], + "it": [ + "musetta", + "sacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas bag that is used to feed an animal (such as a horse); covers the muzzle and fastens at the top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noseband", + "nosepiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strap that is the part of a bridle that goes over the animal's nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose cone", + "ogive" + ], + "it": [ + "ogiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "front consisting of the conical head of a missile or rocket that protects the payload from heat during its passage through the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose flute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flute that is played by blowing through the nostrils (used in some Asian countries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosepiece" + ], + "it": [ + "nasale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring worn on the nose as an ornament or on the nose of an animal to control it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosewheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel located under the nose of an airplane that is part of the plane's landing gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nostrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patent medicine whose efficacy is questionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notch" + ], + "it": [ + "tacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a V-shaped or U-shaped indentation carved or scratched into a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notebook", + "notebook computer" + ], + "it": [ + "computer portatile", + "notebook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small compact portable computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notion" + ], + "it": [ + "merceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notions counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counter where notions are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed and bound book that is an extended work of fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novillada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bullfight in which the bulls are less than four years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novobiocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic obtained from an actinomycete and used to treat infections by Gram-positive bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nozzle", + "nose" + ], + "it": [ + "boccaglio", + "effusore", + "ugello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting spout from which a fluid is discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "n-type semiconductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiconductor in which electrical conduction is due chiefly to the movement of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear-powered ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship whose motive power comes from the energy of a nuclear reactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear reactor", + "reactor" + ], + "it": [ + "reattore", + "reattore nucleare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) any of several kinds of apparatus that maintain and control a nuclear reaction for the production of energy or artificial elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket engine in which a nuclear reactor is used to heat a propellant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear weapon", + "atomic weapon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon of mass destruction whose explosive power derives from a nuclear reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor", + "NRTI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug used against HIV; is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process; results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination with other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude", + "nude painting" + ], + "it": [ + "nudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting of a naked human figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude", + "nude sculpture", + "nude statue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statue of a naked human figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item of merchandise offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number cruncher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer capable of performing a large number of mathematical operations per second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numdah", + "numdah rug", + "nammad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embroidered rug made from a coarse Indian felt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nunnery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the convent of a community of nuns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nun's habit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long loose habit worn by nuns in a convent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursery", + "baby's room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's room for a baby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut" + ], + "it": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small (usually square or hexagonal) metal block with internal screw thread to be fitted onto a bolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut and bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener made by screwing a nut onto a threaded bolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutcracker" + ], + "it": [ + "schiaccianoci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound lever used to crack nuts open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nux vomica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine made from the seeds of an Asiatic tree; contains strychnine and brucine; formerly used as a stimulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nylon" + ], + "it": [ + "nylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nylons", + "nylon stocking", + "rayons", + "rayon stocking", + "silk stocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women's stockings made from a sheer material (nylon or rayon or silk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nystatin", + "Mycostatin", + "Nystan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antifungal and antibiotic (trade names Mycostatin and Nystan) discovered in New York State; derived from soil fungi actinomycetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oar" + ], + "it": [ + "remo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used to propel or steer a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiln for drying hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oast house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building containing an oast (a kiln for drying hops); usually has a conical or pyramidal roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obelisk" + ], + "it": [ + "obelisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone pillar having a rectangular cross section tapering towards a pyramidal top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the billiard ball that is intended to be the first ball struck by the cue ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objectification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concrete representation of an abstract idea or principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objective", + "objective lens", + "object lens", + "object glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lens or system of lenses in a telescope or microscope that is nearest the object being viewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objet d'art", + "art object", + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work of art of some artistic value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblique bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bandage in which successive turns proceed obliquely up or down a limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oboe", + "hautboy", + "hautbois" + ], + "it": [ + "oboe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender double-reed instrument; a woodwind with a conical bore and a double-reed mouthpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oboe da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alto oboe; precursor of the English horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oboe d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oboe pitched a minor third lower than the ordinary oboe; used to perform baroque music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lookout consisting of a dome-shaped observatory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station set up for making observations of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building designed and equipped to observe astronomical phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstacle" + ], + "it": [ + "impaccio", + "impedimento", + "inciampo", + "ingombro", + "intoppo", + "ostacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstruction that stands in the way (and must be removed or surmounted or circumvented)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruction", + "obstructor", + "obstructer", + "impediment", + "impedimenta" + ], + "it": [ + "impedimento", + "impiccio", + "intoppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any structure that makes progress difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obturator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prosthesis used to close an opening (as to close an opening of the hard palate in cases of cleft palate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obverse" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto", + "dritto", + "recto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of a coin or medal bearing the principal stamp or design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocarina", + "sweet potato" + ], + "it": [ + "ocarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-shaped terra cotta wind instrument with a mouthpiece and finger holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octant" + ], + "it": [ + "ottante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring angles to a celestial body; similar to a sextant but with 45 degree calibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odd-leg caliper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caliper having the points on its legs both curve in the same direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odometer", + "hodometer", + "mileometer", + "milometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter that shows mileage traversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oeil de boeuf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular or oval window; 17th or 18th century French architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oeuvre", + "work", + "body of work" + ], + "it": [ + "opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office", + "business office" + ], + "it": [ + "ufficio", + "uffizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office building", + "office block" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "complesso di uffici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building containing offices where work is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office furniture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture intended for use in an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officer's mess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mess for the exclusive use of officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off-line equipment", + "auxiliary equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment not in direct communication (or under the control of) the central processing unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogee", + "cyma reversa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molding that (in section) has the shape of an S with the convex part above and the concave part below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogee arch", + "keel arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed arch having an S-shape on both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohio State University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Columbus, Ohio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ohmmeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter for measuring electrical resistance in ohms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil", + "oil color", + "oil colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil burner", + "oil furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace that burns oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilcan" + ], + "it": [ + "oleatore", + "oliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a can with a long nozzle to apply oil to machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "cerato", + "tela cerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth treated on one side with a drying oil or synthetic resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil filter" + ], + "it": [ + "filtro dell'olio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter that removes impurities from the oil used to lubricate an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil future", + "petroleum future" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "petroleum bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil heater", + "oilstove", + "kerosene heater", + "kerosine heater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater that burns oil (as kerosine) for heating or cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil lamp", + "kerosene lamp", + "kerosine lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada ad olio", + "lucerna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that burns oil (as kerosine) for light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint in which a drying oil is the vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil painting" + ], + "it": [ + "quadro a olio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picture painted with oil paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil pipeline" + ], + "it": [ + "oleodotto", + "pipeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipeline used to transport oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump that keeps a supply of oil on moving parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil refinery", + "petroleum refinery" + ], + "it": [ + "raffineria di petrolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refinery for petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilskin", + "slicker" + ], + "it": [ + "tela cerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a macintosh made from cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil slick" + ], + "it": [ + "chiazza di petrolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin film of oil floating on top of water (especially crude oil spilled from a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whetstone for use with oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil tanker", + "oiler", + "tanker", + "tank ship" + ], + "it": [ + "petroliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cargo ship designed to carry crude oil in bulk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil well", + "oiler" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo di petrolio", + "pozzo petrolifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well that yields or has yielded oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ointment", + "unction", + "unguent", + "balm", + "salve" + ], + "it": [ + "balsamo", + "unguento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisolid preparation (usually containing a medicine) applied externally as a remedy or for soothing an irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old school tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "necktie indicating the school the wearer attended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive drab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth of an olive-brown color used for military uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive drab", + "olive-drab uniform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military uniform of the United States Army; made from cloth of a dull olive color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympian Zeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seated statue of the supreme god of ancient Greek mythology created for the temple at Olympia; the statue was 40 feet tall and rested on a base that was 12 feet high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omelet pan", + "omelette pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pan for cooking omelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnidirectional antenna", + "nondirectional antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antenna that sends or receives signals equally in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnirange", + "omnidirectional range", + "omnidirectional radio range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a navigational system consisting of a network of radio beacons that provide aircraft with information about exact position and bearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domino or die whose upward face shows one pip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-way street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street on which vehicular traffic is allowed to move in only one direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dome that is shaped like a bulb; characteristic of Russian and Byzantine church architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "op art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of abstractionism popular in the 1960s; produces dramatic visual effects with colors and contrasts that are difficult for the eye to resolve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-air market", + "open-air marketplace", + "market square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public marketplace where food and merchandise is sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incomplete electrical circuit in which no current flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-end wrench", + "tappet wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench having parallel jaws at fixed separation (often on both ends of the handle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool used for opening sealed containers (bottles or cans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-hearth furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace for making steel in which the steel is placed on a shallow hearth and flames of burning gas and hot air play over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacant or unobstructed space that is man-made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "openside plane", + "rabbet plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworking plane designed to cut rabbets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rear gunsight having an open notch instead of a peephole or telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weave in which warp threads never come together, leaving interstices in the fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "openwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental work (such as embroidery or latticework) having a pattern of openings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opera", + "opera house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where musical dramas are performed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opera cloak", + "opera hood" + ], + "it": [ + "beduina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cloak worn over evening clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating microscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "binocular microscope used in surgery to provide a clear view of small and inaccessible parts of the body (as in microsurgery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating room", + "OR", + "operating theater", + "operating theatre", + "surgery" + ], + "it": [ + "sala operatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "table on which the patient lies during a surgical operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "oftalmoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument for examining the retina of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opiate" + ], + "it": [ + "oppiaceo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic drug that contains opium or an opium derivative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opium" + ], + "it": [ + "oppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an addictive narcotic extracted from seed capsules of the opium poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opium den" + ], + "it": [ + "fumeria d'oppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where opium is sold and used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus for observation and measurement of optical phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical device" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo ottico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for producing or controlling light" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo per produrre o controllare la luce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical disk", + "optical disc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disk coated with plastic that can store digital data as tiny pits etched in the surface; is read with a laser that scans the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical fiber", + "glass fiber", + "optical fibre", + "glass fibre" + ], + "it": [ + "fibra ottica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin fiber made of glass that functions as a waveguide for light; used in bundles to transmit images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument designed to aid vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical pyrometer", + "pyroscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyrometer that uses the color of the light emitted by a hot object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an astronomical telescope designed to collect and record light from cosmic sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oracle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrine where an oracular god is consulted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange grove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grove of orange trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orb web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular spider web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestra" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestra", + "platea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seating on the main floor in a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestra pit", + "pit" + ], + "it": [ + "fossa dell'orchestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lowered area in front of a stage where an orchestra accompanies the performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "OR circuit", + "OR gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate circuit in a computer that fires when any of its inputs fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in which customers' orders are entered; usually makes multiple copies of the order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(heraldry) any of several conventional figures used on shields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary", + "ordinary bicycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early bicycle with a very large front wheel and small back wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ", + "pipe organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organo", + "organo a canne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind instrument whose sound is produced by means of pipes arranged in sets supplied with air from a bellows and controlled from a large complex musical keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organdy", + "organdie" + ], + "it": [ + "organdi", + "organdis", + "organza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheer stiff muslin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic light-emitting diode", + "OLED" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-luminous diode (it glows when an electrical field is applied to the electrodes) that does not require backlighting or diffusers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ loft" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tribuna dell'organo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gallery occupied by a church organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ pipe", + "pipe", + "pipework" + ], + "it": [ + "canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flues and stops on a pipe organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduated set of organ pipes of like tone quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organza" + ], + "it": [ + "organza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made of silk or a silklike fabric that resembles organdy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriel", + "oriel window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting bay window corbeled or cantilevered out from a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriflamme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red or orange-red flag used as a standard by early French kings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gasket consisting of a flat ring of rubber or plastic; used to seal a joint against high pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orlon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrylic fiber or the lightweight crease-resistant fabric made with Orlon yarns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orlop deck", + "orlop", + "fourth deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth or lowest deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphanage", + "orphans' asylum" + ], + "it": [ + "brefotrofio", + "orfanelli", + "orfanotrofio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public institution for the care of orphans" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto dove gli orfani sono ricoverati ed educati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphenadrine", + "Norflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle relaxant (trade name Norflex) used to treat severe muscle strain and Parkinsonism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a richly embroidered edging on an ecclesiastical vestment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orrery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "planetarium consisting of an apparatus that illustrates the relative positions and motions of bodies in the solar system by rotation and revolution of balls moved by wheelwork; sometimes incorporated in a clock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthicon", + "image orthicon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a now obsolete picture pickup tube in a television camera; electrons emitted from a photoemissive surface in proportion to the intensity of the incident light are focused onto the target causing secondary emission of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthochromatic film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic film sensitive to green and blue and violet light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthopter", + "ornithopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavier-than-air craft that is propelled by the flapping of wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ophthalmoscope with a layer of water to neutralize the refraction of the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillator" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generator that produces sonic oscillations or alternating current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillogram" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recording produced by an oscillograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillograph" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for making a record of the wave forms of fluctuating voltages or currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscilloscope", + "scope", + "cathode-ray oscilloscope", + "CRO" + ], + "it": [ + "oscilloscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that provides visual images of varying electrical quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossuary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any receptacle for the burial of human bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otoscope", + "auriscope", + "auroscope" + ], + "it": [ + "otoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument consisting of a magnifying lens and light; used for examining the external ear (the auditory meatus and especially the tympanic membrane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ottoman", + "pouf", + "pouffe", + "puff", + "hassock" + ], + "it": [ + "pouf", + "puf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick cushion used as a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oubliette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dungeon with the only entrance or exit being a trap door in the ceiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ouija", + "Ouija board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board with the alphabet on it; used with a planchette to spell out supernatural messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out-basket", + "out-tray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wood or metal receptacle placed on your desk to hold your outgoing material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outboard motor", + "outboard" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoribordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "internal-combustion engine that mounts at stern of small boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outboard motorboat", + "outboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorboat with an outboard motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbuilding" + ], + "it": [ + "dependance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that is subordinate to and separate from a main building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outerwear", + "overclothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing for use outdoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outlet of a river or drain or other source of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of a baseball playing field beyond the lines connecting the bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfit", + "getup", + "rig", + "turnout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of clothing (with accessories)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that provides equipment for some specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outhouse", + "privy", + "earth-closet", + "jakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlet box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electricity) receptacle consisting of the metal box designed for connections to a wiring system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outpost" + ], + "it": [ + "avamposto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military post stationed at a distance from the main body of troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output", + "outturn", + "turnout" + ], + "it": [ + "produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what is produced in a given time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic or electromechanical equipment connected to a computer and used to transfer data out of the computer in the form of text, images, sounds, or other media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stabilizer for a canoe; spars attach to a shaped log or float parallel to the hull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrigger canoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seagoing canoe (as in South Pacific) with an outrigger to prevent it from upsetting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside caliper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caliper for measuring outside dimensions; points on its legs curve inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinch with the end of the line outside the loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "car mirror that reflects the view at side and behind car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsider art", + "self-taught art", + "vernacular art", + "naive art", + "primitive art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of art and outdoor constructions made by untrained artists who do not recognize themselves as artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer sole of a shoe or boot that is the bottom of the shoe and makes contact with the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subsidiary defensive structure lying outside the main fortified area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oval Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of the President of the United States in the White House" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oven" + ], + "it": [ + "forno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kitchen appliance used for baking or roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oven thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that registers the temperature inside an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovenware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat-resistant dishware in which food can be cooked as well as served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) work clothing consisting of denim trousers (usually with a bib and shoulder straps)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overall", + "boilersuit", + "boilers suit" + ], + "it": [ + "blusa", + "camice", + "grembiale", + "grembiule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose protective coverall or smock worn over ordinary clothing for dirty work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcast", + "overcasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long whipstitch or overhand stitch overlying an edge to prevent raveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcoat", + "overcoating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional protective coating (as of paint or varnish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdrive" + ], + "it": [ + "overdrive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high gear used at high speeds to maintain the driving speed with less output power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgarment", + "outer garment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment worn over other garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhand knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple small knot (often used as part of other knots)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhand stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch passing over an edge vertically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhang" + ], + "it": [ + "aggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projection that extends beyond or hangs over something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the top surface of an enclosed space on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhead projector" + ], + "it": [ + "lavagna luminosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projector operated by a speaker; projects the image over the speaker's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of decorative material (such as gold leaf or wood veneer) applied over a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overload", + "overburden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive burden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overload" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraccarico", + "sovraccarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical load that exceeds the available electrical power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overmantel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelf over a mantelpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overnighter", + "overnight bag", + "overnight case" + ], + "it": [ + "ventiquattr' ore", + "ventiquattr'ore", + "ventiquattrore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small traveling bag to carry clothing and accessories for staying overnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpass", + "flyover" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalcavia", + "passavia", + "soprappassaggio", + "soprappasso", + "sovrapassaggio", + "sovrappassaggio", + "sovrappasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bridge formed by the upper level of a crossing of two highways at different levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overprint", + "surprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added by overprinting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "override" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manually operated device to correct the operation of an automatic device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshoe" + ], + "it": [ + "caloscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "footwear that protects your shoes from water or snow or cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overskirt" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraggonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer skirt worn over another skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over-the-counter drug", + "over-the-counter medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that is sold without a prescription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over-the-counter market", + "OTC market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock exchange where securities transactions are made via telephone and computer rather than on the floor of an exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovocon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovolo", + "thumb", + "quarter round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convex molding having a cross section in the form of a quarter of a circle or of an ellipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norgestrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovrette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norgestrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovulen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an oral contraceptive containing mestranol and a progestin compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxacillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of penicillin resistant to penicillinase and effective against penicillin-resistant staphylococci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxaprozin", + "Daypro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Daypro)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxazepam", + "Serax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizing drug (trade name Serax) used to treat anxiety and insomnia and alcohol withdrawal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden framework bent in the shape of a U; its upper ends are attached to the horizontal yoke and the loop goes around the neck of an ox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxbridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general term for an ancient and prestigious and privileged university (especially Oxford University or Cambridge University)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxcart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cart that is drawn by an ox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oval or round dormer window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low shoe laced over the instep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford University", + "Oxford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oximeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that measures the oxygen in arterial blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyacetylene torch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blowtorch that burns oxyacetylene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygen mask" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera a ossigeno", + "maschera ad ossigeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breathing device that is placed over the mouth and nose; supplies oxygen from an attached storage tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyphenbutazone", + "Tandearil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Tandearil) used to treat arthritis and bursitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyphencyclimine", + "Daricon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticholinergic drug (trade name Daricon) used in treating peptic ulcers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxytetracycline", + "hydroxytetracycline", + "oxytetracycline hydrochloride", + "Terramycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow crystalline antibiotic (trademark Terramycin) obtained from a soil actinomycete; used to treat various bacterial and rickettsial infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxytocic", + "oxytocic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that induces labor by stimulating contractions of the muscles of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar (as in a restaurant) that specializes in oysters prepared in different ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster bed", + "oyster bank", + "oyster park" + ], + "it": [ + "banco di ostriche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where oysters are bred and grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-performance car that leads a parade of competing cars through the pace lap and then pulls off the course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacemaker", + "artificial pacemaker" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiostimolatore", + "pace-maker", + "pacemaker", + "stimolatore cardiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implanted electronic device that takes over the function of the natural cardiac pacemaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that serves to pacify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ], + "it": [ + "pacchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convenient package or parcel (as of cigarettes or film)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle (especially one carried on the back)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet or blanket (either dry or wet) to wrap around the body for its therapeutic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack", + "face pack" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera di bellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cream that cleanses and tones the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "package", + "parcel" + ], + "it": [ + "collo", + "pacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrapped container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packaged goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "groceries that are packaged for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "package store", + "liquor store", + "off-licence" + ], + "it": [ + "negozio di alcolici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store that sells alcoholic beverages for consumption elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packaging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used to make packages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packet" + ], + "it": [ + "bustina", + "cartina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small package or bundle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packing box", + "packing case" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa da imballaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large crate in which goods are packed for shipment or storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packinghouse", + "packing plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant where livestock are slaughtered and processed and packed as meat products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packinghouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where foodstuffs are processed and packed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packing needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large needle used to sew up canvas packages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packsaddle" + ], + "it": [ + "basto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saddle for pack animals to which loads can be attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packthread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong three-ply twine used to sew or tie packages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat mass of soft material used for protection, stuffing, or comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad", + "inkpad", + "inking pad", + "stamp pad" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscinetto", + "tampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of absorbent material saturated with ink; used to transfer ink evenly to a rubber stamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padding", + "cushioning" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artifact consisting of soft or resilient material used to fill or give shape or protect or add comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle", + "boat paddle" + ], + "it": [ + "pagaia", + "racchetta da ping-pong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short light oar used without an oarlock to propel a canoe or small boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of punishment consisting of a flat board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ], + "it": [ + "pala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blade of a paddle wheel or water wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wooden bat with a flat surface; used for hitting balls in various games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle box", + "paddle-box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden covering for the upper part of a paddlewheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle steamer", + "paddle-wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steam vessel propelled by paddle wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddlewheel", + "paddle wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wheel fitted with paddles and driven by an engine in order to propel a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddock" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pen where racehorses are saddled and paraded before a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padlock" + ], + "it": [ + "lucchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachable lock; has a hinged shackle that can be passed through the staple of a hasp or the links in a chain and then snapped shut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page printer", + "page-at-a-time printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that prints one page at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pagoda" + ], + "it": [ + "pagoda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian temple; usually a pyramidal tower with an upward curving roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paillasse", + "palliasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mattress consisting of a thin pad filled with straw or sawdust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint", + "pigment" + ], + "it": [ + "colore", + "pittura", + "tinta", + "vernice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paintball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capsule filled with water-soluble dye used as a projectile in playing the game of paintball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paintball gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air gun used in the game of paintball; designed to simulate a semiautomatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paintbox" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scatola di colori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box containing a collection of cubes or tubes of artists' paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paintbrush" + ], + "it": [ + "pennello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush used as an applicator (to apply paint)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that is attached to the bow of a boat and used for tying up (as when docking or towing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painting", + "picture" + ], + "it": [ + "dipinto", + "quadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roller that has an absorbent surface used for spreading paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paisley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft wool fabric with a colorful swirled pattern of curved shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pajama", + "pyjama", + "pj's", + "jammies" + ], + "it": [ + "pigiama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) loose-fitting nightclothes worn for sleeping or lounging; have a jacket top and trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pajama", + "pyjama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of loose trousers tied by a drawstring around the waist; worn by men and women in some Asian countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official residence of an exalted person (as a sovereign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palace", + "castle" + ], + "it": [ + "palazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and stately mansion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ornate exhibition hall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palanquin", + "palankeen" + ], + "it": [ + "palanchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed litter carried on the shoulders of four bearers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone tool from the Paleolithic age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palestra", + "palaestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public place in ancient Greece or Rome devoted to the training of wrestlers and other athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palette", + "pallet" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolozza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "board that provides a flat surface on which artists mix paints and the range of colors used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palette knife" + ], + "it": [ + "mestichino", + "spatola", + "spatola di metallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spatula used by artists for mixing or applying or scraping off oil paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palisade" + ], + "it": [ + "palizzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortification consisting of a strong fence made of stakes driven into the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall", + "shroud", + "cerement", + "winding-sheet", + "winding-clothes" + ], + "it": [ + "drappo funebre", + "sudario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burial garment in which a corpse is wrapped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallet" + ], + "it": [ + "covile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mattress filled with straw or a pad made of quilts; used as a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool with a flat blade used by potters for mixing and shaping clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable platform for storing or moving goods that are stacked on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallette", + "palette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the rounded armor plates at the armpits of a suit of armor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palliative", + "alleviant", + "alleviator" + ], + "it": [ + "palliativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remedy that alleviates pain without curing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallium" + ], + "it": [ + "pallio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloak or mantle worn by men in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallium" + ], + "it": [ + "pallio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) vestment consisting of a band encircling the shoulders with two lappets hanging in front and back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shallow container made of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan", + "cooking pan" + ], + "it": [ + "tegame", + "padella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking utensil consisting of a wide metal vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panacea", + "nostrum", + "catholicon", + "cure-all" + ], + "it": [ + "panacea", + "tocca sana", + "toccasana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; once sought by the alchemists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panache" + ], + "it": [ + "panache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feathered plume on a helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama Canal" + ], + "it": [ + "canale di Panama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship canal 40 miles long across the Isthmus of Panama built by the United States (1904-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panatela", + "panetela", + "panetella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long slender cigar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancake turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turner for serving or turning pancakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panchromatic film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic film sensitive to light of all colors (including red)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panda car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police cruiser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandora's box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a box that Zeus gave to Pandora with instructions that she not open it; she gave in to her curiosity and opened it; all the miseries and evils flew out to afflict mankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pane", + "pane of glass", + "window glass" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo", + "vetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet glass cut in shapes for windows or doors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet that forms a distinct (usually flat and rectangular) section or component of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft pad placed under a saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel heating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heating system consisting of wall or floor or baseboard or ceiling panels containing electric conductors or heating pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paneling", + "panelling", + "pane" + ], + "it": [ + "pannellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a panel or section of panels in a wall or door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light to illuminate an instrument panel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panhandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a button to push in order to summon help in case of an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pannier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set of small hoops used to add fullness over the hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pannier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large basket (usually one of a pair) carried by a beast of burden or on by a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pannier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of bags or boxes hung over the rear wheel of a vehicle (as a bicycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pannikin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pan or cup (usually of tin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panopticon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular prison with cells distributed around a central surveillance station; proposed by Jeremy Bentham in 1791" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panopticon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where everything is visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panorama", + "cyclorama", + "diorama" + ], + "it": [ + "diorama", + "panoramica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picture (or series of pictures) representing a continuous scene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panoramic sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gunsight (a telescopic device for an artillery piece) that can be rotated horizontally in a full circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panpipe", + "pandean pipe", + "syrinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive wind instrument consisting of several parallel pipes bound together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantaloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers worn in former times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantechnicon" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large moving van (especially one used for moving furniture)" + ], + "it": [ + "grosso furgone per traslochi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheon" + ], + "it": [ + "panteon", + "pantheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(antiquity) a temple to all the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monument commemorating a nation's dead heroes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantie", + "panty", + "scanty", + "step-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short underpants for women or children (usually used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panting", + "trousering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fabric used to make trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pant leg", + "trouser leg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leg of a pair of trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantograph" + ], + "it": [ + "pantografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device used to copy a figure or plan on a different scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantry", + "larder", + "buttery" + ], + "it": [ + "dispensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small storeroom for storing foods or wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pants suit", + "pantsuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of pants and a matching jacket worn by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panty girdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's undergarment that combines a girdle and panties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantyhose" + ], + "it": [ + "calzamaglia", + "collant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's tights consisting of underpants and stockings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panzer" + ], + "it": [ + "panzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armored vehicle or tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papal cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with three crossbars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papaverine", + "Kavrin" + ], + "it": [ + "papaverina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid medicine (trade name Kavrin) obtained from opium; used to relax smooth muscles; it is nonaddictive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperback book", + "paper-back book", + "paperback", + "softback book", + "softback", + "soft-cover book", + "soft-cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book with paper covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain made of loops of colored paper; used to decorate a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper clip", + "paperclip", + "gem clip" + ], + "it": [ + "clip", + "fermaglio", + "graffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wire or plastic clip for holding sheets of paper together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper cutter" + ], + "it": [ + "taglierina per carta", + "raffilatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutting implement for cutting sheets of paper to the desired size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper doll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of paper cut or folded into the shape of a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper fastener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener for holding a sheet of paper in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for inserting sheets of paper into a printer or typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper mill" + ], + "it": [ + "cartiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill where paper is manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposable plate made of cardboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper towel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposable towel made of absorbent paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperweight" + ], + "it": [ + "fermacarte", + "pressacarte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight used to hold down a stack of papers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parabolic mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parabolic reflector for light radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parabolic reflector", + "paraboloid reflector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave reflector used to produce a parallel beam when the source is placed at its focus or to focus an incoming parallel beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parachute", + "chute" + ], + "it": [ + "paracadute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rescue equipment consisting of a device that fills with air and retards your fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel bars", + "bars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel circuit", + "shunt circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel interface", + "parallel port" + ], + "it": [ + "porta parallela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interface between a computer and a printer where the computer sends multiple bits of information to the printer simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramagnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnet made of a substance whose magnetization is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field applied to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout straight knife used in Malaysia and Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parapet", + "breastwork" + ], + "it": [ + "parapetto", + "spalletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortification consisting of a low wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parapet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low wall along the edge of a roof or balcony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parachute that will lift a person up into the air when it is towed by a motorboat or a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasol", + "sunshade" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrellino", + "parasole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handheld collapsible source of shade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paregoric", + "camphorated tincture of opium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine used to treat diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i56999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parer", + "paring knife" + ], + "it": [ + "sbucciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sharp knife used in paring fruits or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parfait glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall slender glass with a short stem in which parfait is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pargeting", + "pargetting", + "pargetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental plasterwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pari-mutuel machine", + "totalizer", + "totaliser", + "totalizator", + "totalisator" + ], + "it": [ + "totalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer that registers bets and divides the total amount bet among those who won" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris University", + "University of Paris", + "Sorbonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Paris; intellectual center of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gear position that acts as a parking brake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parka", + "windbreaker", + "windcheater", + "anorak" + ], + "it": [ + "giacca a vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of heavy jacket (`windcheater' is a British term)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park bench" + ], + "it": [ + "panchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bench in a public park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin-operated timer located next to a parking space; depositing money into it entitles you to park your car there for a specified length of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlor", + "parlour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reception room in an inn or club where visitors can be received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlor car", + "parlour car", + "drawing-room car", + "palace car", + "chair car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger car for day travel; you pay extra fare for individual chairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paroxetime", + "Paxil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor commonly prescribed as an antidepressant (trade name Paxil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seating on the main floor between the orchestra and the parquet circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parquet", + "parquet floor" + ], + "it": [ + "parquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floor made of parquetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parquet circle", + "parterre" + ], + "it": [ + "parterre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seating at the rear of the main floor (beneath the balconies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parquetry", + "parqueterie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patterned wood inlay used to cover a floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsonage", + "vicarage", + "rectory" + ], + "it": [ + "canonica", + "pievania", + "casa parrocchiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official residence provided by a church for its parson or vicar or rector" + ], + "it": [ + "abitazione del parroco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parsons table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy rectangular table with block legs at the four corners; the top and the legs are the same width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "portion" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something less than the whole of a human artifact" + ], + "it": [ + "uno degli elementi che vanno a comporre un artefatto umano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parterre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental flower garden; beds and paths are arranged to form a pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthenon" + ], + "it": [ + "Partenone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main temple of the goddess Athena; built on the acropolis in Athens more than 400 years B.C.; example of Doric architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial denture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a denture replacing one or more teeth in a dental arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particle detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber in which particles can be made visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partisan", + "partizan" + ], + "it": [ + "partesana", + "partigiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pike with a long tapering double-edged blade with lateral projections; 16th and 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partition", + "divider" + ], + "it": [ + "divisorio", + "tramezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parts bin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin for holding spare parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party favor", + "party favour", + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "cotillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "souvenir consisting of a small gift given to a guest at a party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party line" + ], + "it": [ + "duplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line serving two or more subscribers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party wall" + ], + "it": [ + "muro di confine", + "muro divisorio", + "muro di divisorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall erected on the line between two properties and shared by both owners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parvis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courtyard or portico in front of a building (especially a cathedral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio", + "strada", + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way through or along which someone or something may pass" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo attraverso il quale si passa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passageway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage between rooms or between buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger car", + "coach", + "carriage" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozza", + "vettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railcar where passengers ride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship built to carry passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train that carries passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger van" + ], + "it": [ + "furgone passeggeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a van that carries passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passe-partout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mounting for a picture using gummed tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive matrix display" + ], + "it": [ + "schermo a matrice passiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of LCD display used for some portable computers; parallel wires run both vertically and horizontally and pixels are turned on when the wires intersecting at that pixel are both energized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passkey", + "passe-partout", + "master key", + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "passe-partout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "key that secures entrance everywhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening that resembles a window between two rooms (especially a shelved opening between a kitchen and dining room that is used to pass dishes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition of flat objects pasted on a board or other backing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work of art that imitates the style of some previous work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastry cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving cart for displaying pastry desserts to restaurant patrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually used in the plural) one of a pair of adhesive patches worn to cover the nipples of exotic dancers and striptease performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch" + ], + "it": [ + "toppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth used as decoration or to mend or cover a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchcord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a length of wire that has a plug at each end; used to make connections at a patchboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchouli", + "patchouly", + "pachouli" + ], + "it": [ + "pasciulì", + "patchouli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy perfume made from the patchouli plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat pocket sewn to the outside of a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sewing consisting of pieces of different materials sewn together in a pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchwork", + "patchwork quilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quilt made by sewing patches of different materials together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent log", + "screw log", + "taffrail log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cigar-shaped log with rotary fins that measure the ship's speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto medicinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine that is protected by a patent and available without a doctor's prescription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paternoster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of lift having a chain of open compartments that move continually in an endless loop so that (agile) passengers can step on or off at each floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "path" + ], + "it": [ + "sentiero", + "via", + "viottolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way especially designed for a particular use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathway", + "footpath" + ], + "it": [ + "stradina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trodden path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patina" + ], + "it": [ + "patina", + "verderame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine coating of oxide on the surface of a metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patio", + "terrace" + ], + "it": [ + "patio", + "terrazza", + "terrazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually paved outdoor area adjoining a residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patisserie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bakery specializing in French pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarf worn by Sikh men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarchal cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross with two crossbars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrol boat", + "patrol ship" + ], + "it": [ + "guardacoste", + "guardiacoste", + "motovedetta", + "vedetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel assigned to patrol an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patty-pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pan for cooking patties or pasties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a setting with precious stones so closely set that no metal shows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paved surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level horizontal surface covered with paving material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavement", + "paving" + ], + "it": [ + "lastricatura", + "lastrico", + "pavimentazione", + "selciatura", + "pavimentazione stradale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paved surface of a thoroughfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavilion", + "marquee" + ], + "it": [ + "padiglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and often sumptuous tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paving stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone used for paving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavior", + "paviour", + "paving machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for laying pavement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavis", + "pavise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a large heavy oblong shield protecting the whole body; originally carried but sometimes set up in permanent position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawl", + "detent", + "click", + "dog" + ], + "it": [ + "arpione", + "nottolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawn" + ], + "it": [ + "pedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) the least powerful piece; moves only forward and captures only to the side; it can be promoted to a more powerful piece if it reaches the 8th rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawnbroker's shop", + "pawnshop", + "loan office" + ], + "it": [ + "monte dei pegni", + "banco dei pegni", + "monte di pietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where loans are made with personal property as security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay-phone", + "pay-station" + ], + "it": [ + "telefono a gettoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coin-operated telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "PC board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable circuit board for a personal computer; fits into a slot in the mother board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacekeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pistol of a law officer in the old West" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach orchard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grove of peach trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacock-throne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the golden throne of former kings of Delhi; stolen by the Persians in 1739 and subsequently lost; symbol of the former Shah of Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea jacket", + "peacoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailor's heavy woolen double-breasted jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl fishery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishery where they fish for pearl oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea shooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight narrow tube through which pellets (as dried peas) can be blown at a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peavey", + "peavy", + "cant dog", + "dog hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout lever with a sharp spike; used for handling logs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral", + "pectoral medallion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment worn on the chest or breast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedal", + "treadle", + "foot pedal", + "foot lever" + ], + "it": [ + "pedale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever that is operated with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedal pusher", + "toreador pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snug trousers ending at the calves; worn by women and girls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestal", + "plinth", + "footstall" + ], + "it": [ + "piedestallo", + "piedistallo", + "plinto", + "zoccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural support or base (as for a column or statue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestal table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table supported by a single central column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestrian crossing", + "zebra crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio pedonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street crossing where pedestrians have right of way; often marked in some way (especially with diagonal stripes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedicab", + "cycle rickshaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tricycle (usually propelled by pedalling); used in the Orient for transporting passengers for hire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediment" + ], + "it": [ + "fastigio", + "frontone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular gable between a horizontal entablature and a sloping roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedometer" + ], + "it": [ + "contapassi", + "podometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for recording the number of steps taken in walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for peeling vegetables or fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a hammerhead opposite the flat striking surface (may have various shapes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peephole", + "spyhole", + "eyehole" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio magico", + "spia", + "spioncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (in a door or an oven etc) through which you can peep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rear gunsight having an adjustable eyepiece with a small aperture through which the front sight and the target are aligned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg", + "nog" + ], + "it": [ + "beccatello", + "cavicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden pin pushed or driven into a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg", + "pin", + "thole", + "tholepin", + "rowlock", + "oarlock" + ], + "it": [ + "forcella", + "scalmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holder attached to the gunwale of a boat that holds the oar in place and acts as a fulcrum for rowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg" + ], + "it": [ + "bischero", + "cavicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulator that can be turned to regulate the pitch of the strings of a stringed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg", + "wooden leg", + "leg", + "pegleg" + ], + "it": [ + "gamba di legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prosthesis that replaces a missing leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pegboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board perforated with regularly spaced holes into which pegs can be fitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pear-shaped top made of wood with a metal center pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit with a bar mouthpiece that is designed to combine a curb and snaffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelican crossing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acronym for pedestrian light control; a pedestrian crossing with traffic lights that are controlled by pedestrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeveless cape that is lined or trimmed with fur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for performing pelvimetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen" + ], + "it": [ + "penna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing implement with a point from which ink flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen" + ], + "it": [ + "addiaccio", + "agghiaccio", + "recinto", + "stabbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure for confining livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penal colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penal institution where prisoners are exiled (often located on an island from which escape is difficult or impossible)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penal institution", + "penal facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution where persons are confined for punishment and to protect the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penalty box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) an enclosed bench to the side of an ice-hockey rink for players who are serving time penalties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen-and-ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing executed with pen and ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil" + ], + "it": [ + "lapis", + "matita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin cylindrical pointed writing implement; a rod of marking substance encased in wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmetic in a long thin stick; designed to be applied to a particular part of the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil box", + "pencil case" + ], + "it": [ + "astuccio per matite", + "portalapis", + "portamatite", + "portapenne", + "toccalapis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for holding pencils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil sharpener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotary implement for sharpening the point on pencils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendant", + "pendent" + ], + "it": [ + "ciondolo", + "gingillo", + "pendaglio", + "pendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adornment that hangs from a piece of jewelry (necklace or earring)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendant earring", + "drop earring", + "eardrop" + ], + "it": [ + "ciondolo", + "pendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earring with a pendant ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendulum" + ], + "it": [ + "pendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus consisting of an object mounted so that it swings freely under the influence of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendulum clock" + ], + "it": [ + "pendola", + "pendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock regulated by a pendulum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendulum watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(18th century) a watch with a balance wheel having a fake pendulum attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb with about 30% explosive and a casing designed to penetrate hardened targets before the explosive detonates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillamine", + "Cuprimine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Cuprimine) used to treat heavy metal poisoning and Wilson's disease and severe arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin" + ], + "it": [ + "penicillina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds (or produced synthetically) and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillinase-resistant antibiotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of penicillin that is not rendered inactive by penicillinase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin F" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first form of penicillin that was isolated in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin G", + "benzylpenicillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the penicillin that constitutes the principal component of many commercial antibiotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin O" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penicillin that is similar in antibiotic action to penicillin G but is obtained differently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin V", + "phenoxymethyl penicillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline penicillin similar in action to penicillin G but more resistant to the action of gastric acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penicillin V potassium", + "Ledercillin VK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of penicillin V (trade name Ledercillin VK)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penile implant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implant that creates an artificial erection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penitentiary", + "pen" + ], + "it": [ + "penitenziario", + "reclusorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penknife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltellino", + "temperino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pocketknife; originally used to cut quill pens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flashlight resembling a fountain pen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennant", + "pennon", + "streamer", + "waft" + ], + "it": [ + "gagliardetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long flag; often tapering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennoncel", + "penoncel", + "pennoncelle" + ], + "it": [ + "banderola", + "banderuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pennant borne on a lance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny arcade" + ], + "it": [ + "sala giochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arcade with coin-operated devices for entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennywhistle", + "tin whistle", + "whistle" + ], + "it": [ + "zufolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexpensive fipple flute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentaerythritol", + "Peritrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coronary vasodilator (trade name Peritrate) used to treat angina pectoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building with five sides that serves as the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentazocine", + "Talwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analgesic drug (trade name Talwin) that is less addictive than morphine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penthouse" + ], + "it": [ + "attico", + "superattico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment located on the top floors of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reappearance in a painting of an underlying image that had been painted over (usually when the later painting becomes transparent with age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentobarbital sodium", + "pentobarbital", + "Nembutal", + "yellow jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barbiturate (trade name Nembutal) used as a sedative and hypnotic and antispasmodic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentode" + ], + "it": [ + "pentodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermionic tube having five electrodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentoxifylline", + "Trental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Trental) used to treat claudication; believed to increase the flexibility of red blood cells so they can flow through the blood vessels to the legs and feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentylenetetrazol", + "pentamethylenetetrazol", + "Metrazol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used as a circulatory and respiratory stimulant; larger doses cause convulsions in shock therapy; Metrazol is a trademark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peplos", + "peplus", + "peplum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment worn by women in ancient Greece; cloth caught at the shoulders and draped in folds to the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peplum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flared ruffle attached to the waistline of a dress or jacket or blouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper-and-salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric woven with flecks of light and dark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper mill", + "pepper grinder" + ], + "it": [ + "macinapepe", + "macinino", + "pepaiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for grinding pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper shaker", + "pepper box", + "pepper pot" + ], + "it": [ + "pepaiola", + "pepiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaker with a perforated top for sprinkling ground pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper spray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonlethal aerosol spray made with the pepper derivative oleoresin capiscum; used to cause temporary blindness and incapacitate an attacker; also used as a bear deterrent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percale" + ], + "it": [ + "percalle", + "percallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine closely woven cotton fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ], + "it": [ + "gruccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of a branch or rod that serves as a resting place (especially for a bird)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolator" + ], + "it": [ + "caffettiera a filtro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coffeepot in which boiling water ascends through a central tube and filters back down through a basket of ground coffee beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion cap" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detonator that explodes when struck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion instrument", + "percussive instrument" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento a percussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by one object striking another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perforation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of small holes for tearing at a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfume", + "essence" + ], + "it": [ + "profumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toiletry that emits and diffuses a fragrant odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfumery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment where perfumes are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfumery" + ], + "it": [ + "profumeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store where perfumes are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfumery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perfumes in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period piece" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bell'esemplare d'epoca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any work of art whose special value lies in its evocation of a historical period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peripheral", + "computer peripheral", + "peripheral device" + ], + "it": [ + "periferica", + "unità periferica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) electronic equipment connected by cable to the CPU of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periscope" + ], + "it": [ + "periscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument that provides a view of an otherwise obstructed field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peristyle" + ], + "it": [ + "peristilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing a court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwig", + "peruke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wig for men that was fashionable in the 17th and 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle plant derivative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug used to treat some forms of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanent magnet", + "static magnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnet that retains its magnetism after being removed from a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanent press", + "durable press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric that has been chemically processed to resist wrinkles and hold its shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpendicular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely steep face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetual motion machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that can continue to do work indefinitely without drawing energy from some external source; impossible under the law of conservation of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perphenazine", + "Triavil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer and antidepressant (trade name Triavil) sometimes used as an antiemetic for adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal computer", + "PC", + "microcomputer" + ], + "it": [ + "personal computer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small digital computer based on a microprocessor and designed to be used by one person at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal digital assistant", + "PDA", + "personal organizer", + "personal organiser", + "organizer", + "organiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight consumer electronic device that looks like a hand-held computer but instead performs specific tasks; can serve as a diary or a personal database or a telephone or an alarm clock etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personnel carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military vehicle (usually armored) for transporting military personnel and their equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pestle" + ], + "it": [ + "pestatoio", + "pestello", + "pillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club-shaped hand tool for grinding and mixing substances in a mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pestle", + "muller", + "pounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy tool of stone or iron (usually with a flat base and a handle) that is used to grind and mix material (as grain or drugs or pigments) against a slab of stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petard" + ], + "it": [ + "petardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive device used to break down a gate or wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulator consisting of a small cock or faucet or valve for letting out air or releasing compression or draining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peter Pan collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat collar with rounded ends that meet in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlepoint done with small stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit point", + "tent stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small diagonal needlepoint stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petri dish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow dish used to culture bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrolatum gauze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauze saturated with petrolatum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petronas Towers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twin skyscrapers built in Kuala Lumpur in 1997; 1482 feet high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet shop" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "negozio di animali domestici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where pet animals can be purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petticoat", + "half-slip", + "underskirt" + ], + "it": [ + "sottogonna", + "sottoveste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergarment worn under a skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pew", + "church bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long bench with backs; used in church by the congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmaceutical", + "pharmaceutic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug or medicine that is prepared or dispensed in pharmacies and used in medical treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacopoeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection or stock of drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenazopyridine", + "Pyridium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analgesic (trade name Pyridium) used to treat urinary tract infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phencyclidine", + "phencyclidine hydrochloride", + "PCP", + "angel dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used as an anesthetic by veterinarians; illicitly taken (originally in the form of powder or `dust') for its effects as a hallucinogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenelzine", + "Nardil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monoamine oxidase inhibitor (trade name Nardil) used to treat clinical depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheniramine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antihistamine used in preparations to treat allergies and respiratory infections; used to treat rhinitis and skin rashes and pruritus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenolphthalein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laxative used in many preparations under various trade names; also used as an acid-base indicator in titrations involving weak acids and strong bases because it is brilliant red at high alkalinity and colorless below pH 8" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phensuximide", + "Milontin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticonvulsant (trade name Milontin) used to treat petit mal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phentolamine", + "Vasomax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a virility drug (trade name Vasomax) to treat erectile dysfunction in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenylbutazone", + "Butazolidin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Butazolidin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenylephrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful vasoconstrictor used to dilate the pupils and relieve nasal congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenylpropanolamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adrenergic drug used in many preparations to relieve allergic reactions or respiratory infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenyltoloxamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine included in some preparations used to treat coughing and nasal congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phial", + "vial", + "ampule", + "ampul", + "ampoule" + ], + "it": [ + "boccetta", + "fiala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bottle that contains a drug (especially a sealed sterile container for injection by needle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phillips screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw with a special head having crossed slots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phillips screwdriver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screwdriver for use with Phillips screws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonograph album", + "record album" + ], + "it": [ + "portadischi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album for holding phonograph records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonograph needle", + "needle" + ], + "it": [ + "puntina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stylus that formerly made sound by following a groove in a phonograph record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonograph record", + "phonograph recording", + "record", + "disk", + "disc", + "platter" + ], + "it": [ + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocathode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cathode that emits electrons when illuminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocoagulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical instrument containing a laser for use in photocoagulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocopier" + ], + "it": [ + "fotocopiatrice", + "fotocopiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copier that uses photographic methods of making copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocopy" + ], + "it": [ + "fotocopia", + "copia fotostatica", + "xerocopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic copy of written or printed or graphic work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoelectric cell", + "photoconductive cell", + "photocell", + "electric eye", + "magic eye" + ], + "it": [ + "fotocellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transducer used to detect and measure light and other radiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photograph", + "photo", + "exposure", + "picture", + "pic" + ], + "it": [ + "foto", + "fotografia", + "immagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photograph album" + ], + "it": [ + "album per fotografie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album for photographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photographic equipment" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchiatura fotografica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used by a photographer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photographic paper", + "photographic material" + ], + "it": [ + "carta fotografica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light-sensitive paper on which photograph can be printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photographic print", + "print" + ], + "it": [ + "stampa", + "stampa fotografica", + "positiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed picture produced from a photographic negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photolithograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lithograph produced by photographically produced plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photometer" + ], + "it": [ + "fotometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for measuring the luminous intensity of a source by comparing it (visually or photoelectrically) with a standard source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photomicrograph" + ], + "it": [ + "microfotografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph taken with the help of a microscope" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia realizzata con l'aiuto di un microscopio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photomontage" + ], + "it": [ + "fotomontaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a montage that uses photographic images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Photostat", + "Photostat machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duplicating machine that makes quick positive or negative copies directly on the surface of prepared paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photocopy made on a Photostat machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrontistery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment for study and learning (sometimes including modern universities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical pendulum", + "compound pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pendulum consisting of an actual object allowed to rotate freely around a horizontal axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physics lab", + "physics laboratory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laboratory for research in physics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano", + "pianoforte", + "forte-piano" + ], + "it": [ + "piano", + "pianoforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a keyboard instrument that is played by depressing keys that cause hammers to strike tuned strings and produce sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action consisting of a system of levers that move a felt hammer to strike the strings when a key is depressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano keyboard", + "fingerboard", + "clavier" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera del pianoforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank of keys on a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin steel wire of high tensile strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piccolo" + ], + "it": [ + "ottavino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flute; pitched an octave above the standard flute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick", + "pickax", + "pickaxe" + ], + "it": [ + "piccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy iron tool with a wooden handle and a curved head that is pointed on both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin sharp implement used for removing unwanted material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick", + "plectrum", + "plectron" + ], + "it": [ + "penna", + "plettro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin device (of metal or plastic or ivory) used to pluck a stringed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickelhaube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiked helmet worn by German soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket", + "pale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden strip forming part of a fence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle performing sentinel duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat serving as a picket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket fence", + "paling" + ], + "it": [ + "stecconata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence made of upright pickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship serving as a picket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickle barrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrel holding vinegar in which cucumbers are pickled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup", + "pickup truck" + ], + "it": [ + "camioncino", + "pick-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light truck with an open body and low sides and a tailboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup", + "pick-me-up" + ], + "it": [ + "corroborante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything with restorative powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edging of small loops, as on lace or ribbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture", + "image", + "icon", + "ikon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture book" + ], + "it": [ + "albo", + "album", + "libro illustrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book consisting chiefly of pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture frame" + ], + "it": [ + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework in which a picture is mounted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's dressy hat with a wide brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rail fixed to a wall for hanging pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture window" + ], + "it": [ + "finestra panoramica", + "invetriata", + "vetrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large window with a single pane (usually overlooking a view)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate part of a whole" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di un oggeto o di un materiale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item that is an instance of some type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece of cloth", + "piece of material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate part consisting of fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece of leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate part consisting of leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pied-a-terre" + ], + "it": [ + "pied-à-terre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lodging for occasional or secondary use" + ], + "it": [ + "appartamento o anche semplice stanza ammobiliata tenuta come abitazione occasionale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier", + "wharf", + "wharfage", + "dock" + ], + "it": [ + "banchina", + "molo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform built out from the shore into the water and supported by piles; provides access to ships and boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for two adjacent bridge spans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier" + ], + "it": [ + "molo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a vertical supporting structure (as a portion of wall between two doors or windows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch supported on piers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier glass", + "pier mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mirror between two windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pierre Laporte Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Saint Lawrence River at Quebec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pier table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low table set below a pier glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pieta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of the Virgin Mary mourning over the dead body of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piezoelectric crystal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystal that can be used as a transducer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piezometer" + ], + "it": [ + "piezometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring high pressures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude block of metal (lead or iron) poured from a smelting furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig bed", + "pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mold consisting of a bed of sand in which pig iron is cast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggery", + "pig farm" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "allevamento di maiali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm where pigs are raised or kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggy bank", + "penny bank" + ], + "it": [ + "maialino salvadanaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's coin bank (often shaped like a pig)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pike" + ], + "it": [ + "picca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medieval weapon consisting of a spearhead attached to a long pole or pikestaff; superseded by the bayonet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp point (as on the end of a spear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pikestaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the staff of a pike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular column that usually projects about a third of its width from the wall to which it is attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile", + "nap" + ], + "it": [ + "pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yarn (as in a rug or velvet or corduroy) that stands up from the weave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile", + "spile", + "piling", + "stilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a column of wood or steel or concrete that is driven into the ground to provide support for a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that drives piling into the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill", + "lozenge", + "tablet", + "tab" + ], + "it": [ + "cachet", + "compressa", + "discoide", + "pasticca", + "pastiglia", + "pillola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill" + ], + "it": [ + "pillola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that resembles a tablet of medicine in shape or size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill", + "birth control pill", + "contraceptive pill", + "oral contraceptive pill", + "oral contraceptive", + "anovulatory drug", + "anovulant" + ], + "it": [ + "pillola anticoncezionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraceptive in the form of a pill containing estrogen and progestin to inhibit ovulation and so prevent conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillar box" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red pillar-shaped letter box" + ], + "it": [ + "buca delle lettere a colonnina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bottle for holding pills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small enclosed gun emplacement (usually of fortified concrete)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillbox" + ], + "it": [ + "portapillole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small case for holding pills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillbox", + "toque", + "turban" + ], + "it": [ + "turbante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round woman's hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillion" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sellino posteriore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat behind the rider of a horse or motorbike etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillory" + ], + "it": [ + "berlina", + "gogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden instrument of punishment on a post with holes for the wrists and neck; offenders were locked in and so exposed to public scorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscino", + "guanciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cast-iron or steel block for supporting a journal or bearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow lace", + "bobbin lace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handmade lace worked on a pillow with threads wound on bobbins; the pattern is marked out on the pillow by pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow sham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bed linen consisting of a decorative cover for a pillow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilocarpine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cholinergic alkaloid used in eyedrops to treat glaucoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot balloon" + ], + "it": [ + "pallone pilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meteorological balloon used to observe air currents" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo pallone libero utilizzato per osservare le correnti d'aria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bit that drills a first hole to guide a larger drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat to carry pilots to and from large ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot burner", + "pilot light", + "pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fiammella di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small auxiliary gas burner that provides a flame to ignite a larger gas burner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick blue cloth used to make overcoats and coats for sailors etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive that precedes a train to check the track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilothouse", + "wheelhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "timoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed compartment from which a vessel can be navigated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot light", + "pilot lamp", + "indicator lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "spia di accensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicator consisting of a light to indicate whether power is on or a motor is in operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pimlico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack for thoroughbred racing; site of the Preakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimozide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most commonly used diphenylbutyl piperidine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small slender (often pointed) piece of wood or metal used to support or fasten or attach things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of jewelry that is pinned onto the wearer's garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin", + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagpole used to mark the position of the hole on a golf green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin", + "pin tumbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylindrical tumblers consisting of two parts that are held in place by springs; when they are aligned with a key the bolt can be thrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a container filled with toys and candy; suspended from a height for blindfolded children to break with sticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinball machine", + "pin table" + ], + "it": [ + "flipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment on which pinball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pince-nez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectacles clipped to the nose by a spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pincer", + "pair of pincers", + "tweezer", + "pair of tweezers" + ], + "it": [ + "tenaglia", + "tenaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for holding consisting of a compound lever for grasping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever with a pointed projection that serves as a fulcrum; used to roll heavy wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pincurl clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of clip for holding pin curls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pincushion" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscinetto", + "guancialetto", + "portaspilli", + "puntaspilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small stiff cushion into which pins are stuck ready for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pindolol", + "Visken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral beta blocker (trade name Visken) used in treating hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine-tar rag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baseball equipment consisting of a rag soaked with pine tar; used on the handle of a baseball bat to give a batter a firm grip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinfold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen where stray animals are confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pulse generator used for echo sounding in sonar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping-pong ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light hollow ball used in playing table tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinhole" + ], + "it": [ + "foro di spillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small puncture that might have been made by a pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinion" + ], + "it": [ + "pignone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gear with a small number of teeth designed to mesh with a larger wheel or rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinnacle" + ], + "it": [ + "guglia", + "pinnacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a slender upright spire at the top of a buttress of tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's cap with two long flaps pinned on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sharp point of a pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinprick" + ], + "it": [ + "puntura di spillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small puncture (as if made by a pin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinstripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin stripe (especially a white stripe on a dark fabric)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinstripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with very thin stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinstripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit made from a fabric with very thin stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pintle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pin or bolt forming the pivot of a hinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinwheel", + "pinwheel wind collector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy consisting of vanes of colored paper or plastic that is pinned to a stick and spins when it is pointed into the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that has numerous pins that are set at right angles to its rim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench that has a projecting pin that fits into a socket on the object to be turned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe", + "pipage", + "piping" + ], + "it": [ + "condotta", + "condotto", + "conduttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long tube made of metal or plastic that is used to carry water or oil or gas etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe", + "tobacco pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "pipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabor pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fipple flute that is played with the left hand while the right hand is free to beat a tabor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "piffero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular wind instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small homemade bomb usually contained in a metal pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "curapipe", + "nettapipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleaning implement consisting of a flexible tufted wire that is used to clean a pipe stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for cutting pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipefitting", + "pipe fitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fitting consisting of threaded pieces of pipe for joining pipes together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipeline", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "condotta", + "condotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe used to transport liquids or gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piperacillin", + "Pipracil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic type of penicillin antibiotic (trade name Pipracil) used for moderate to severe infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for holding a smoker's pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piperazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vermifuge used to treat infestations by roundworms or pinworms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piperocaine", + "piperocaine hydrochloride", + "Metycaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound used in the form of its hydrochloride as a local or spinal anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipet", + "pipette" + ], + "it": [ + "pipetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube used to measure or transfer precise volumes of a liquid by drawing the liquid up into the tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe vise", + "pipe clamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clamp for holding pipe that is to be cut or threaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe wrench", + "tube wrench" + ], + "it": [ + "giratubi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjustable wrench for gripping and turning a pipe; has two serrated jaws that are adjusted to grip the pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strip of covered cord used to edge hems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pique" + ], + "it": [ + "piqué" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tightly woven fabric with raised cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirate", + "pirate ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that is manned by pirates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piroxicam", + "Feldene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Feldene) used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ski run densely packed with snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat rectangular area for fencing bouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistol", + "handgun", + "side arm", + "shooting iron" + ], + "it": [ + "pistola", + "rivoltella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm that is held and fired with one hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistol grip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handle (as of a gun or saw) shaped like the butt of a pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piston", + "plunger" + ], + "it": [ + "pistone", + "stantuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device that has a plunging or thrusting motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piston ring" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia elastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal consisting of a split metal ring that seals the gap between a piston and the cylinder wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piston rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connecting rod that moves or is moved by a piston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "quarry", + "stone pit" + ], + "it": [ + "cava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface excavation for extracting stone or slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "pitfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap in the form of a concealed hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(auto racing) an area at the side of a racetrack where the race cars are serviced and refueled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(commodity exchange) the part of the floor of a commodity exchange where trading in a particular commodity is carried on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure in which animals are made to fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher", + "ewer" + ], + "it": [ + "acquamanile", + "brocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open vessel with a handle and a spout for pouring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitchfork" + ], + "it": [ + "bidente", + "forca", + "forcone", + "tridente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled hand tool with sharp widely spaced prongs for lifting and pitching hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitching wedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedge used to loft the golf ball over obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pipe sounding a tone of standard frequency; used to establish the starting pitch for unaccompanied singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pithead" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "imbocco della miniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entrance to a coal mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pith hat", + "pith helmet", + "sun helmet", + "topee", + "topi" + ], + "it": [ + "casco coloniale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight hat worn in tropical countries for protection from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piton" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal spike with a hole for a rope; mountaineers drive it into ice or rock to use as a hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitot-static tube", + "Pitot head", + "Pitot tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a combined Pitot tube and static tube that measures total and static pressure; used in aircraft to measure airspeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitot tube", + "Pitot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a right-angled tube with an open end that is directed in opposition to the flow of a fluid and used to measure the velocity of fluid flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitprop", + "sprag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden prop used to support the roof of a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitsaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large two-handed saw formerly used to cut logs into planks; one man stood above the log and the other in a pit below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot", + "pin" + ], + "it": [ + "bilico", + "pernio", + "perno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "axis consisting of a short shaft that supports something that turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivoting window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window that opens by pivoting either horizontally or vertically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pixel", + "pel", + "picture element" + ], + "it": [ + "pixel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the smallest discrete component of an image or picture on a CRT screen (usually a colored dot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pizzeria", + "pizza shop", + "pizza parlor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where pizzas are made and sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placebo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an innocuous or inert medication; given as a pacifier or to the control group in experiments on the efficacy of a drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place mat" + ], + "it": [ + "tovaglietta americana", + "tovaglietta all'americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mat serving as table linen for an individual place setting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place of business", + "business establishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment (a factory or an assembly plant or retail store or warehouse etc.) where business is conducted, goods are made or stored or processed or where services are rendered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place of worship", + "house of prayer", + "house of God", + "house of worship" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio per il culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any building where congregations gather for prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place setting", + "setting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table service for one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cloth sewn under an opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain weave", + "taffeta weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic style of weave in which the weft and warp threads intertwine alternately to produce a checkerboard effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan", + "architectural plan" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta", + "piantina", + "planimetria", + "disegno", + "progetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scale drawing of a structure" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione in scala ridotta di un edificio o di suoi singoli ambienti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planchet", + "coin blank" + ], + "it": [ + "tondello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat metal disk ready for stamping as a coin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planchette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular board supported on casters; when lightly touched with the fingertips it is supposed to spell out supernatural (or unconscious) messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane", + "carpenter's plane", + "woodworking plane" + ], + "it": [ + "pialla", + "piana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter's hand tool with an adjustable blade for smoothing or shaping wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane", + "planer", + "planing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "piallatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat on a commercial airliner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument consisting of a drawing board and a ruler that are mounted on a tripod; used to sight and map topographical details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus or model for representing the solar systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetarium" + ], + "it": [ + "planetario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for projecting images of celestial bodies and other astronomical phenomena onto the inner surface of a hemispherical dome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building housing an instrument for projecting the positions of the planets onto a domed ceiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetary gear", + "epicyclic gear", + "planet wheel", + "planet gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer gear that revolves about a central sun gear of an epicyclic train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plank-bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed of boards (without a mattress)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a covering or flooring constructed of planks (as on a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notebook for recording appointments and things to be done, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant", + "works", + "industrial plant" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto", + "opificio", + "stabilimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buildings for carrying on industrial labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative pot for house plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster", + "adhesive plaster", + "sticking plaster" + ], + "it": [ + "cerotto", + "cerotto adesivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhesive tape used in dressing wounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster", + "plasterwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface of hardened plaster (as on a wall or ceiling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasterboard", + "gypsum board" + ], + "it": [ + "cartongesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wallboard with a gypsum plaster core bonded to layers of paper or fiberboard; used instead of plaster or wallboard to make interior walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastering trowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trowel used to spread and smooth plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic art" + ], + "it": [ + "plastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arts of shaping or modeling; carving and sculpture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag made of thin plastic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb made of plastic explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic explosive", + "plastique" + ], + "it": [ + "plastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive material that is easily molded around the object it is intended to destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic laminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laminate made by bonding plastic layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastic wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrapping consisting of a very thin transparent sheet of plastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pad worn by a fencer to protect the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal breastplate that was worn under a coat of mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of man's dress shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ornamental front of a woman's bodice or shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map showing planned or actual features of an area (streets and building lots etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dish on which food is served or from which food is eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate", + "scale", + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "piastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "lastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of metal or wood or glass or plastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate", + "collection plate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piatto delle elemosine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow receptacle for collection in church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structural member consisting of a horizontal beam that provides bearing and anchorage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full-page illustration (usually on slick paper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate", + "photographic plate" + ], + "it": [ + "cliché", + "matrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat sheet of metal or glass on which a photographic image can be recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the positively charged electrode in a vacuum tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate glass", + "sheet glass" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallo", + "lastra", + "vetro piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass formed into large thin sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate of iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platen" + ], + "it": [ + "rullo", + "rullo della macchina da scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roller on a typewriter against which the keys strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat plate of a printing press that presses the paper against the type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work table of a machine tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate rack" + ], + "it": [ + "piattaia", + "portapiatti", + "scolapiatti", + "sgocciolatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for holding plates to dry after they have been washed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rail or narrow shelf fixed to a wall to display plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform" + ], + "it": [ + "piattaforma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised horizontal surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform", + "weapons platform" + ], + "it": [ + "banchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any military structure or vehicle bearing weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combination of a particular computer and a particular operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed without springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rocking chair on a stationary base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plating", + "metal plating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin coating of metal deposited on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platter" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto da portata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large shallow dish used for serving food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment comprising the part of a tape recorder that reproduces the recorded material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playbox", + "play-box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for a child's toys and personal things (especially at a boarding school)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playground" + ], + "it": [ + "parco giochi", + "cortile per la ricreazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yard consisting of an outdoor area for children's play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playhouse", + "wendy house" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a small model of a house that children can play inside of" + ], + "it": [ + "casetta per i giochi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing card" + ], + "it": [ + "carta da gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pack of cards that are used to play card games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playpen", + "pen" + ], + "it": [ + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable enclosure in which babies may be left to play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playsuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sports outfit for women or children; usually consists of shorts and a blouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaything", + "toy" + ], + "it": [ + "giocattolo", + "gioco", + "balocco", + "gingillo", + "ninnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact designed to be played with" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto che serve per giocare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaza", + "mall", + "center", + "shopping mall", + "shopping center", + "shopping centre" + ], + "it": [ + "centro commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mercantile establishment consisting of a carefully landscaped complex of shops representing leading merchandisers; usually includes restaurants and a convenient parking area; a modern version of the traditional marketplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleat", + "plait" + ], + "it": [ + "piega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various types of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and then pressing or stitching into shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plenum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed space in which the air pressure is higher than outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plethysmograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring changes in volume of a part or organ or whole body (usually resulting from fluctuations in the amount of blood it contains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleximeter", + "plessimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin metal plate held against the body and struck with a plexor in percussive examinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plexor", + "plessor", + "percussor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a small hammer with a rubber head used in percussive examinations of the chest and in testing reflexes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pliers", + "pair of pliers", + "plyers" + ], + "it": [ + "pinza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gripping hand tool with two hinged arms and (usually) serrated jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plimsoll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light gym shoe with a rubber sole and a canvas top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plotter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument (usually driven by a computer) for drawing graphs or pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plow", + "plough" + ], + "it": [ + "aratro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm tool having one or more heavy blades to break the soil and cut a furrow prior to sowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plowshare", + "ploughshare", + "share" + ], + "it": [ + "vomere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug", + "stopper", + "stopple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blockage consisting of an object designed to fill a hole tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug", + "male plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device with two or three pins that is inserted in a socket to make an electrical connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug fuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fuse with a thread that screws into a socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plughole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole into which a plug fits (especially a hole where water drains away)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb bob", + "plumb", + "plummet" + ], + "it": [ + "piombino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metal bob of a plumb line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumber's snake", + "auger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long flexible steel coil for dislodging stoppages in curved pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumbing", + "plumbing system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utility consisting of the pipes and fixtures for the distribution of water or gas in a building and for the disposal of sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumbing fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixture for the distribution and use of water in a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter's level with a plumb line at right angles to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb line", + "perpendicular" + ], + "it": [ + "filo a piombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord from which a metal weight is suspended pointing directly to the earth's center of gravity; used to determine the vertical from a given point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumb line attached to a narrow board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume" + ], + "it": [ + "pennacchio", + "piuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feather or cluster of feathers worn as an ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunger", + "plumber's helper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool consisting of a stick with a rubber suction cup at one end; used to clean clogged drains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plus fours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "men's baggy knickers hanging below the knees; formerly worn for sports (especially golf)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plush" + ], + "it": [ + "felpa", + "peluche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with a nap that is longer and softer than velvet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plutonium trigger", + "plutonium pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel or beryllium sphere containing plutonium 239 that triggers nuclear fission when compressed by explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually in combinations) one of several layers of cloth or paper or wood as in plywood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ], + "it": [ + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the strands twisted together to make yarn or rope or thread; often used in combination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plywood", + "plyboard" + ], + "it": [ + "compensato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laminate made of thin layers of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumatic drill" + ], + "it": [ + "martello pneumatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power drill powered by compressed air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumatic tire", + "pneumatic tyre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tire made of reinforced rubber and filled with compressed air; used on motor vehicles and bicycles etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumococcal vaccine", + "Pneumovax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vaccine (trade name Pneumovax) effective against the 23 most common strains of pneumococcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "p-n junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the junction between a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "p-n-p transistor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction transistor having an n-type semiconductor between a p-type semiconductor that serves as an emitter and a p-type semiconductor that serves as a collector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking vessel designed to poach food (such as fish or eggs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ], + "it": [ + "tasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pouch inside a garment for carrying small articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening at the corner or on the side of a billiard table into which billiard balls are struck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket battleship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small battleship built to conform with treaty limitations on tonnage and armament (from 1925 to 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketbook", + "pocket book", + "pocket edition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pocket-sized paperback book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketcomb", + "pocket comb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small comb suitable for carrying in a pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap that covers the access to a pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket-handkerchief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handkerchief that is carried in a pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketknife", + "pocket knife" + ], + "it": [ + "caltello tascabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife with a blade that folds into the handle; suitable for carrying in the pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch that is carried in a small watch pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod", + "fuel pod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachable container of fuel on an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pogo stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a pole with foot rests and a strong spring; propelled by jumping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità", + "punta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharp end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "power point" + ], + "it": [ + "presa di corrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "gunpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gun muzzle's direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point-and-shoot camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight photographic camera with an autofocus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointed arch" + ], + "it": [ + "ogiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch with a pointed apex; characteristic of Gothic architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointer" + ], + "it": [ + "ago", + "indicatore", + "lancetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator as on a dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointillism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of painting characterized by the application of paint in dots and small strokes; developed by Georges Seurat and his followers in late 19th century France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointing trowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trowel used to fill and finish masonry joints with mortar or cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point lace", + "needlepoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lace worked with a needle in a buttonhole stitch on a paper pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker", + "stove poker", + "fire hook", + "salamander" + ], + "it": [ + "attizzatoio", + "riavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire iron consisting of a metal rod with a handle; used to stir a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarimeter", + "polariscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device used to measure the rotation of the plane of vibration of polarized light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polaroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trade mark) a plastic film that can polarize a beam of light; often used in sunglasses to eliminate glare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polaroid camera", + "Polaroid Land camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera that develops and produces a positive print within seconds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "asta", + "palo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole", + "magnetic pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo", + "polo magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two ends of a magnet where the magnetism seems to be concentrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "asta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long fiberglass sports implement used for pole vaulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poleax", + "poleaxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a battle ax used in the Middle Ages; a long handled ax and a pick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poleax", + "poleaxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ax used to slaughter cattle; has a hammer opposite the blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat used by harbor police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police station", + "police headquarters", + "station house" + ], + "it": [ + "commissariato", + "gendarmeria", + "polizia", + "questura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station that serves as headquarters for police in a particular district; serves as a place from which policemen are dispatched and to which arrested persons are brought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police van", + "police wagon", + "paddy wagon", + "patrol wagon", + "wagon", + "black Maria" + ], + "it": [ + "cellulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "van used by police to transport prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poliovirus vaccine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vaccine prepared from poliovirus to provide immunity to poliomyelitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polka dot" + ], + "it": [ + "pois", + "puntino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "design consisting of a pattern of regularly spaced circular spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polling booth" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina elettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary booth in a polling place which people enter to cast their votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polo ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wooden ball that is struck with mallets in playing polo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polo mallet", + "polo stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mallet used to strike the ball in polo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polonaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's dress with a tight bodice and an overskirt drawn back to reveal a colorful underskirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polo shirt", + "sport shirt" + ], + "it": [ + "polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shirt with short sleeves designed for comfort and casual wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polychrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of work composed of or decorated in many colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyconic projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conic projection of a map having distances between meridians equal to those distances on a globe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a large class of synthetic fabrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument that records several physiological processes simultaneously (e.g., pulse rate and blood pressure and respiration and perspiration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymyxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several toxic antibiotics obtained from a particular soil bacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polypropenonitrile", + "Acrilan" + ], + "it": [ + "fibra acrilica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acrylic resin used to make a strong soft crease-resistant fabric (trade name Acrilan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomade", + "pomatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairdressing consisting of a perfumed oil or ointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pommel", + "saddlebow" + ], + "it": [ + "arcione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handgrip formed by the raised front part of a saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pommel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handgrip that a gymnast uses when performing exercises on a pommel horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pommel horse", + "side horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic horse with a cylindrical body covered with leather and two upright handles (pommels) near the center; held upright by two steel supports, one at each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompon", + "pom-pom" + ], + "it": [ + "pompon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoration consisting of a ball of tufted wool or silk; usually worn on a hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poncho" + ], + "it": [ + "poncho", + "poncio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blanket-like cloak with a hole in the center for the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pongee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft thin cloth woven from raw silk (or an imitation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poniard", + "bodkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dagger with a slender blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ponte 25 de Abril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Tagus River at Lisbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontifical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vestments and other insignia of a pontiff (especially a bishop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a float supporting a seaplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontoon" + ], + "it": [ + "barcone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a floating structure (as a flat-bottomed boat) that serves as a dock or to support a bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontoon bridge", + "bateau bridge", + "floating bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary bridge built over a series of pontoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony cart", + "ponycart", + "donkey cart", + "tub-cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cart with an underslung axle and two seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool" + ], + "it": [ + "piscina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excavation that is (usually) filled with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used in playing pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poolroom" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sala da biliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room with pool tables where pool is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool table", + "billiard table", + "snooker table" + ], + "it": [ + "bigliardino", + "bigliardo", + "biliardino", + "biliardo", + "tavolo da biliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a heavy table on which pool is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poop deck" + ], + "it": [ + "casseretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exposed partial weather deck on the stern superstructure of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor box", + "alms box", + "mite box" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cassetta per i poveri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box for collecting alms, especially one in a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poorhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "ospizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment maintained at public expense in order to provide housing for the poor and homeless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pop Art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of art that emerged in the United Kingdom in the 1950s and became prevalent in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1960s; it imitated the techniques of commercial art (as the soup cans of Andy Warhol) and the styles of popular culture and the mass media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop bottle", + "soda bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle for holding soft drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popgun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a toy gun that makes a popping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poplin" + ], + "it": [ + "popeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ribbed fabric used in clothing and upholstery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container for cooking popcorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container of stimulant drug (amyl nitrate or butyl nitrite)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poppet", + "poppet valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mushroom-shaped valve that rises perpendicularly from its seat; commonly used in internal-combustion engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tent that is easy to carry and quick to set up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porcelain" + ], + "it": [ + "porcellana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceramic ware made of a more or less translucent ceramic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porch" + ], + "it": [ + "loggiato", + "porticale", + "porticato", + "portico", + "veranda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance" + ], + "it": [ + "un`entrata coperta di un edificio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porkpie", + "porkpie hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man's hat with a low, flat crown and a snap brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow metal bowl (usually with a handle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port", + "embrasure", + "porthole" + ], + "it": [ + "cannoniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening (in a wall or ship or armored vehicle) for firing through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small light typewriter; usually with a case in which it can be carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portable computer" + ], + "it": [ + "computer portile", + "portatile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal computer that can easily be carried by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portable circular saw", + "portable saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular saw that is portable and is operated with a hand grip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overland track between navigable waterways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portal" + ], + "it": [ + "portale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grand and imposing entrance (often extended metaphorically)" + ], + "it": [ + "lo spazio che una porta può chiudere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portcullis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gate consisting of an iron or wooden grating that hangs in the entry to a castle or fortified town; can be lowered to prevent passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porte-cochere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canopy extending out from a building entrance to shelter those getting in and out of vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porte-cochere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carriage entrance passing through a building to an enclosed courtyard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portfolio" + ], + "it": [ + "cartella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large, flat, thin case for carrying loose papers or drawings or maps; usually leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porthole" + ], + "it": [ + "finestrino", + "oblò", + "portellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window in a ship or airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portico" + ], + "it": [ + "portico", + "stoà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porch or entrance to a building consisting of a covered and often columned area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy curtain hung across a doorway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portmanteau", + "Gladstone", + "Gladstone bag" + ], + "it": [ + "baule portabiti", + "valigia armadio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large travelling bag made of stiff leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portrait", + "portrayal" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine", + "ritratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any likeness of a person, in any medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portrait camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera with a portrait lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portrait lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compound camera lens with a relatively high aperture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film showing a photographic image whose tones correspond to those of the original subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive pole", + "positive magnetic pole", + "north-seeking pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pole of a magnet that points toward the north when the magnet is suspended freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal of a battery that is connected to the positive plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positron emission tomography scanner", + "PET scanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tomograph that produces cross-sectional X-rays of metabolic processes in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ], + "it": [ + "palo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright consisting of a piece of timber or metal fixed firmly in an upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postage meter" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter for bulk mailings that imprints correct prepaid postage on pieces of mail and records the total charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post and lintel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a horizontal beam (lintel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postbox", + "mailbox", + "letter box" + ], + "it": [ + "buca delle lettere", + "cassetta delle lettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public box for deposit of mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post chaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels; formerly used to transport passengers and mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small gate in the rear of a fort or castle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post exchange", + "PX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissary on a United States Army post" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthole", + "post hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole dug in the ground to hold a fence post" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthole digger", + "post-hole digger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shovel used to sink postholes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind instrument used by postilions of the 18th and 19th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthouse", + "post house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inn for exchanging post horses and accommodating riders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmodernism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of art and literature and especially architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established modernism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Post-Office box", + "PO Box", + "POB", + "call box", + "letter box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numbered compartment in a post office where mail is put to be called for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road over which mail is carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot" + ], + "it": [ + "pentola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal or earthenware cooking vessel that is usually round and deep; often has a handle and lid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot", + "grass", + "green goddess", + "dope", + "weed", + "gage", + "sess", + "sens", + "smoke", + "skunk", + "locoweed", + "Mary Jane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for marijuana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot", + "flowerpot" + ], + "it": [ + "fioriera", + "vaso", + "vaso da fiori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container in which plants are cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potbelly", + "potbelly stove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulbous stove in which wood or coal is burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potemkin village" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that seems impressive but in fact lacks substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potential divider", + "voltage divider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistors connected in series across a voltage source; used to obtain a desired fraction of the voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potentiometer", + "pot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resistor with three terminals, the third being an adjustable center terminal; used to adjust voltages in radios and TV sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potentiometer" + ], + "it": [ + "potenziometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring direct current electromotive forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plot of ground where marijuana is grown and harvested (often hidden in a national forest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potholder" + ], + "it": [ + "presina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insulated pad for holding hot pots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an S-shaped hook to suspend a pot over a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potpourri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jar of mixed flower petals and spices used as perfume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potsherd" + ], + "it": [ + "coccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shard of pottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter's wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal rotating wheel holding the clay being shaped by a potter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pottery", + "clayware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceramic ware made from clay and baked in a kiln" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pottery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workshop where clayware is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pot that holds 2 quarts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potty seat", + "potty chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toilet consisting of a small seat used by young children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small or medium size container for holding or carrying things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poultice", + "cataplasm", + "plaster" + ], + "it": [ + "cataplasma", + "empiastro", + "fomento", + "impiastro", + "pappina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical dressing consisting of a soft heated mass of meal or clay that is spread on a cloth and applied to the skin to treat inflamed areas or improve circulation etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "dog pound" + ], + "it": [ + "stabulario", + "canile municipale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public enclosure for stray or unlicensed dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trap consisting of an arrangement of nets directing fish into an enclosure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder" + ], + "it": [ + "polverina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cosmetic or medical preparations dispensed in the form of a pulverized powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder and shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ammunition consisting of gunpowder and bullets for muskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powdered mustard", + "dry mustard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance such that one to three tablespoons dissolved in a glass of warm water is a homemade emetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder horn", + "powder flask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container for carrying gunpowder; made of the hollow horn of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder keg" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione esplosiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keg (usually made of metal) for gunpowder or blasting powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powderpuff", + "puff" + ], + "it": [ + "piumino", + "piumino della cipria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft spherical object made from fluffy fibers; for applying powder to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brake on an automobile that magnifies a small force applied to the brake pedal into a proportionately larger force applied to slow or stop the vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord to conduct power to an electrical appliance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power drill" + ], + "it": [ + "trapano elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool for drilling holes into hard materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power line", + "power cable" + ], + "it": [ + "linea elettrica", + "elettrodotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cable used to distribute electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loom operated mechanically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power module" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "module that provides power to operate other modules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power mower", + "motor mower" + ], + "it": [ + "motofalciatrice", + "tosaerba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawn mower powered by a gasoline motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for converting a power supply to a voltage required by particular equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power saw", + "saw", + "sawing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "motosega", + "sega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool for cutting wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power shovel", + "excavator", + "digger", + "shovel" + ], + "it": [ + "escavatore", + "escavatrice", + "pala meccanica", + "scavatrice", + "terrazziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for excavating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power station", + "power plant", + "powerhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "centrale elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical generating station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power steering", + "power-assisted steering" + ], + "it": [ + "servosterzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "automotive steering where engineer power amplifies the torque applied to the steering wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power system", + "power grid", + "grid" + ], + "it": [ + "reticolato", + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of high tension cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a region" + ], + "it": [ + "intreccio di linee reali o ideali che si intersecano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power takeoff", + "PTO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that transfers power from an engine (as in a tractor or other motor vehicle) to another piece of equipment (as to a pump or jackhammer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power tool" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool driven by a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for practicing golf shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praetorium", + "pretorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tent of an ancient Roman general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pravastatin", + "Pravachol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral drug (trade name Pravachol) administered to reduce blood cholesterol levels; recommended after nonfatal heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer rug", + "prayer mat" + ], + "it": [ + "tappeto da preghiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rug used by Muslims during their devotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer shawl", + "tallith", + "tallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a shawl with a ritually knotted fringe at each corner; worn by Jews at morning prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prazosin", + "Minipress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive drug (trade name Minipress)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitator", + "electrostatic precipitator", + "Cottrell precipitator" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "removes dust particles from gases by electrostatic precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predictor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer for controlling antiaircraft fire that computes the position of an aircraft at the instant of a shell's arrival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefab" + ], + "it": [ + "prefabbricato", + "casetta prefabbricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prefabricated structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presbytery" + ], + "it": [ + "presbiterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building reserved for the officiating clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescription drug", + "prescription", + "prescription medicine", + "ethical drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "room in which a monarch or other great person receives guests, assemblies, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortress established in the southwestern United States by the Spanish in order to protect their missions and other holdings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "mechanical press" + ], + "it": [ + "pressa", + "pressoio", + "torchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any machine that exerts pressure to form or shape or cut materials or extract liquids or compress solids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "printing press" + ], + "it": [ + "pressa tipografica", + "stampatrice", + "torchio", + "torchio da stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine used for printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clamp to prevent wooden rackets from warping when not in use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press box" + ], + "it": [ + "tribuna della stampa", + "tribuna stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box reserved for reporters (as at a sports event)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "tribuna della stampa", + "tribuna stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area (sometimes in a balcony) set aside for reporters (especially in a legislative hall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal or plastic part that is made by a mechanical press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press of sail", + "press of canvas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest amount of sail that a ship can carry safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure cabin" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina pressurizzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cabin consisting of the pressurized section of an aircraft or spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure cooker" + ], + "it": [ + "pentola a pressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autoclave for cooking at temperatures above the boiling point of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dome-shaped building that is pressurized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure gauge", + "pressure gage" + ], + "it": [ + "manometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge for measuring and indicating fluid pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressurized water reactor", + "PWR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor that uses water as a coolant and moderator; the steam produced can drive a steam turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of an inflatable suit for space or high altitude flying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preventive", + "preventative", + "prophylactic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remedy that prevents or slows the course of an illness or disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp metal spike to hold a candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prie-dieu" + ], + "it": [ + "inginocchiatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low bench for kneeling on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primaquine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "synthetic antimalarial drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Primaxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a parenteral antibiotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary coil", + "primary winding", + "primary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coil forming the part of an electrical circuit such that changing current in it induces a current in a neighboring circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primidone", + "Mysoline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticonvulsant (trade name Mysoline) used to treat grand mal seizures and essential tremor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primitivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre characteristic of (or imitative of) primitive artists or children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Primus stove", + "Primus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable paraffin cooking stove; used by campers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prince Albert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's double-breasted frock coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Princeton University", + "Princeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picture or design printed from an engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ], + "it": [ + "imprimé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with a dyed pattern pressed onto it (usually by engraved rollers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy of a movie on film (especially a particular version of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buffer that stores data until the printer is ready" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printed circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "cricuito stampato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer circuit consisting of an electronic sub-assembly; copper conductors are laminated on an insulating board or card and circuit components are inserted into holes and dip soldered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer", + "printing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "stampatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that prints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer" + ], + "it": [ + "stampante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) an output device that prints the results of data processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cable between a computer and a printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print shop", + "printing shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where printing is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priory" + ], + "it": [ + "prioria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious residence in a monastery governed by a prior or a convent governed by a prioress" + ], + "it": [ + "sede del priore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prism", + "optical prism" + ], + "it": [ + "prisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device having a triangular shape and made of glass or quartz; used to deviate a beam or invert an image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison", + "prison house" + ], + "it": [ + "carcere", + "ergastolo", + "galera", + "penitenziario", + "prigione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison camp", + "internment camp", + "prisoner of war camp", + "POW camp" + ], + "it": [ + "campo di concentramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp for prisoners of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privateer" + ], + "it": [ + "corsaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a privately owned warship commissioned to prey on the commercial shipping or warships of an enemy nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line serving a single subscriber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privet hedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hedge of privet plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible slender surgical instrument with a blunt end that is used to explore wounds or body cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probenecid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a uricosuric drug that reduces the level of uric acid in the blood; used to treat gout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procaine", + "Ethocaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline powder (trade name Ethocaine) administered near nerves as a local anesthetic in dentistry and medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procaine hydrochloride", + "novocaine", + "Novocain" + ], + "it": [ + "novocaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procaine administered as a hydrochloride (trade name Novocain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procarbazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug used to treat Hodgkin's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prochlorperazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antipsychotic and antiemetic drug used to treat schizophrenia and to combat nausea and vomiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endoscope for examining the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procyclidine", + "Kemadrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug (trade name Kemadrin) used to reduce tremors in Parkinsonism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prod", + "goad" + ], + "it": [ + "pungolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed instrument that is used to prod into a state of motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product", + "production" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto", + "produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production line", + "assembly line", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "catena di montaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical system in a factory whereby an article is conveyed through sites at which successive operations are performed on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projectile", + "missile" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ], + "it": [ + "accollo", + "sporgenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any structure that branches out from a central support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representation of a figure or solid on a plane as it would look from a particular direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projector" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument that projects an enlarged image onto a screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projector" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for projecting a beam of light" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo per proiettare un fascio di luce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolonge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rope fitted with a hook and used for towing a gun carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolonge knot", + "sailor's breastplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot in the rope used to drag a gun carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promenade", + "mall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public area set aside as a pedestrian walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promethazine", + "Phenergan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine (trade name Phenergan) used to treat allergies; also an antiemetic used to treat motion sickness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompt box", + "prompter's box" + ], + "it": [ + "buca del suggeritore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booth projecting above the floor in the front of a stage where the prompter sits; opens toward the performers on stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompter", + "autocue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that displays words for people to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prong" + ], + "it": [ + "dente", + "rebbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed projection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ], + "it": [ + "provino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trial photographic print from a negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prop" + ], + "it": [ + "puntello", + "rincalzo", + "sopporto", + "supporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support placed beneath or against something to keep it from shaking or falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propanolol", + "Inderal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first beta blocker (trade name Inderal) used in treating hypertension and angina pectoris and essential tremor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propellant explosive", + "impulse explosive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive that is used to propel projectiles from guns or to propel rockets and missiles or to launch torpedos and depth charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propeller", + "propellor" + ], + "it": [ + "elica", + "propulsore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that rotates to push against air or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propeller plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane that is driven by a propeller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property", + "prop" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any movable articles or objects used on the set of a play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propjet", + "turboprop", + "turbo-propeller plane" + ], + "it": [ + "turboelica", + "turbogetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane with an external propeller that is driven by a turbojet engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportional counter tube", + "proportional counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counter tube whose output pulse is proportional to number of ions produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propoxyphene", + "propoxyphene hydrochloride", + "Darvon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mildly narcotic analgesic drug (trade name Darvon) related to methadone but less addictive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propulsion system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that provides a propelling or driving force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proscenium", + "proscenium wall" + ], + "it": [ + "proscenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wall that separates the stage from the auditorium in a modern theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proscenium", + "apron", + "forestage" + ], + "it": [ + "proscenio", + "ribalta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a modern theater stage between the curtain and the orchestra (i.e., in front of the curtain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proscenium arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arch over the opening in the proscenium wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthesis", + "prosthetic device" + ], + "it": [ + "protesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corrective consisting of a replacement for a part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protease inhibitor", + "PI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug used against HIV; interrupts HIV replication by binding and blocking HIV protease; often used in combination with other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective covering", + "protective cover", + "protection" + ], + "it": [ + "protezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering that is intend to protect from damage or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective garment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is intended to protect the wearer from injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proteosome vaccine", + "proteosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of vaccine that can be administered by an inhaler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proton accelerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collider that collides beams of protons and antiprotons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protractor" + ], + "it": [ + "rapportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drafting instrument used to draw or measure angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protriptyline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tricyclic antidepressant used to treat clinical depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proving ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace for testing new equipment or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruner", + "pruning hook", + "lopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled pruning saw with a curved blade at the end and sometimes a clipper; used to prune small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruning knife" + ], + "it": [ + "ronchetto", + "roncolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife with a curved or hooked blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruning saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw used for pruning trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruning shears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shears with strong blades used for light pruning of woody plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psaltery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient stringed instrument similar to the lyre or zither but having a trapezoidal sounding board under the strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psilocybin", + "psilocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hallucinogenic compound obtained from a mushroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychoactive drug", + "mind-altering drug", + "consciousness-altering drug", + "psychoactive substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that can produce mood changes and distorted perceptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotropic agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical substance that can influence human consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "psicrometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hygrometer consisting of a dry-bulb thermometer and a wet-bulb thermometer; their difference indicates the dryness of the surrounding air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "PT boat", + "mosquito boat", + "mosquito craft", + "motor torpedo boat" + ], + "it": [ + "mas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fast unarmored and lightly armed torpedo boat; P(atrol) T(orpedo) boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "p-type semiconductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiconductor in which electrical conduction is due chiefly to the movement of positive holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public address system", + "P.A. system", + "PA system", + "P.A.", + "PA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic amplification system used as a communication system in public areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public house", + "pub", + "saloon", + "pothouse", + "gin mill", + "taphouse" + ], + "it": [ + "crotto", + "fiaschetteria", + "gargotta", + "osteria", + "piola", + "taverna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tavern consisting of a building with a bar and public rooms; often provides light meals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public toilet", + "comfort station", + "public convenience", + "convenience", + "public lavatory", + "restroom", + "toilet facility", + "wash room" + ], + "it": [ + "gabinetto", + "latrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toilet that is available to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public transit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public transportation system for moving passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public transport" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzi pubblici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance for passengers or mail or freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public works" + ], + "it": [ + "lavori pubblici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structures (such as highways or schools or bridges or docks) constructed at government expense for public use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puck", + "hockey puck" + ], + "it": [ + "disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vulcanized rubber disk 3 inches in diameter that is used instead of a ball in ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used for pulling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullback", + "tieback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (as a decorative loop of cord or fabric) for holding or drawing something back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain (usually with a handle at the end) that is pulled in order to operate some mechanism (e.g. to flush a toilet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulley", + "pulley-block", + "pulley block", + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "carrucola", + "girella", + "puleggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a groove in which a rope can run to change the direction or point of application of a force applied to the rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull-in", + "pull-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roadside cafe especially for lorry drivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull-off", + "rest area", + "rest stop", + "layby", + "lay-by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designated paved area beside a main road where cars can stop temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pullman", + "Pullman car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luxurious passenger car; for day or night travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullover", + "slipover" + ], + "it": [ + "gilet", + "maglione", + "pull", + "pullover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweater that is put on by pulling it over the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleaning implement consisting of an oily rag attached by a cord to a weight; is pulled through the barrel of a rifle or handgun to clean it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic counter that counts the number of electric pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generator of single or multiple voltage pulses; usually adjustable for pulse rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse timing circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit that times pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ], + "it": [ + "pompa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ], + "it": [ + "ballerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-cut shoe without fastenings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump action", + "slide action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action mechanism in a modern rifle or shotgun; a back and forward motion of a sliding lever ejects the empty shell case and cocks the firearm and loads a new round" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump house", + "pumping station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house where pumps (e.g. to irrigate) are installed and operated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump house at a spa where medicinal waters are pumped and where patrons gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump-type pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of pliers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure in the middle of a ship's hold that protects the ship's pumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch", + "puncher" + ], + "it": [ + "foratoio", + "foratore", + "perforatore", + "stampino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for making holes or indentations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punchboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small board full of holes; each hole contains a slip of paper with symbols printed on it; a gambler pays a small sum for the privilege of pushing out a slip in the hope of obtaining one that entitles him to a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bowl for serving beverages; usually with a ladle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punched card", + "punch card", + "Hollerith card" + ], + "it": [ + "scheda perforata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card on which data can be recorded in the form of punched holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punching bag", + "punch bag", + "punching ball", + "punchball" + ], + "it": [ + "punching ball", + "sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflated ball or bag that is suspended and punched for training in boxing" + ], + "it": [ + "nel pugliato, attrezzo da allenamento costituito da un involucro generalmente in pelle riempito di sabbia, che, sospeso da terra, viene colpito per rafforzare la potenza dei pugni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punch consisting of pliers for perforating paper or leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power driven press used to shape metal parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "bucatura", + "foratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hole made by a sharp object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-horse sleigh consisting of a box on runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punkah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fan consisting of a frame covered with canvas that is suspended from the ceiling; used in India for circulating air in a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small light basket used as a measure for fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open flat-bottomed boat used in shallow waters and propelled by a long pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppet" + ], + "it": [ + "burattino", + "marionetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doll with a hollow head of a person or animal and a cloth body; intended to fit over the hand and be manipulated with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppet", + "marionette" + ], + "it": [ + "marionetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small figure of a person operated from above with strings by a puppeteer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pup tent", + "shelter tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedge-shaped tent; usually without a floor or windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purdah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screen used in India to separate women from men or strangers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purgative", + "cathartic", + "physic", + "aperient" + ], + "it": [ + "lassativo", + "purgante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purging medicine; stimulates evacuation of the bowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purifier" + ], + "it": [ + "depuratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for removing impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl", + "purl stitch" + ], + "it": [ + "rovescio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic knitting stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gold or silver wire thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse" + ], + "it": [ + "borsellino", + "borsello", + "portamonete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bag for carrying money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse seine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seine designed to be set by two boats around a school of fish and then closed at the bottom by means of a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawstring used to close the mouth of a purse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push-bike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bicycle that must be pedaled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push broom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide broom that is pushed ahead of the sweeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push button", + "push", + "button" + ], + "it": [ + "pulsante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical switch operated by pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push-button radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio receiver that can be tuned by pressing buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push-down storage", + "push-down store", + "stack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage device that handles data so that the next item to be retrieved is the item most recently stored (LIFO)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pusher", + "zori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandal attached to the foot by a thong over the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put-put" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small gasoline engine (as on motor boat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puttee" + ], + "it": [ + "mollettiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of cloth wound around the leg to form legging; used by soldiers in World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putter", + "putting iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the iron normally used on the putting green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putty knife" + ], + "it": [ + "spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spatula used to mix or apply putty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game that tests your ingenuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyelogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X ray of the kidneys and ureters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pylon", + "power pylon" + ], + "it": [ + "pilone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large vertical steel tower supporting high-tension power lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower for guiding pilots or marking the turning point in a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyocyanase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow-green mixture of antibiotics obtained from the bacillus of green pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyocyanin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic blue crystalline antibiotic found in green pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyramid", + "Great Pyramid", + "Pyramids of Egypt" + ], + "it": [ + "piramide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a massive monument with a square base and four triangular sides; begun by Cheops around 2700 BC as royal tombs in ancient Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramidal tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large tent shaped like a pyramid; can hold half a dozen people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrilamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihistamine used to treat rhinitis and pruritus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design produced by pyrography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrometer" + ], + "it": [ + "pirometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer designed to measure high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrometric cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyrometer consisting of a series of cones that melt at different temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermostat that operates at very high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyx", + "pix" + ], + "it": [ + "ciborio", + "pisside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any receptacle in which wafers for the Eucharist are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyx", + "pix", + "pyx chest", + "pix chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chest in which coins from the mint are held to await assay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small box used by ancient Greeks to hold medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quad", + "quadrangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular area surrounded on all sides by buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quad", + "space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) a block of type without a raised letter; used for spacing between words or sentences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring altitude of heavenly bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadraphony", + "quadraphonic system", + "quadriphonic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stereophonic sound recording or reproducing system using four separate channels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any four copies; any of four things that correspond to one another exactly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quaker gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dummy gun or piece of artillery made usually of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarrel" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrow that is shot from a crossbow; has a head with four edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of leather that comprises the part of a shoe or boot covering the heel and joining the vamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterdeck" + ], + "it": [ + "cassero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stern area of a ship's upper deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartering" + ], + "it": [ + "accantonamento", + "acquartieramento", + "alloggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "living accommodations (especially those assigned to military personnel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coat of arms that occupies one quarter of an escutcheon; combining four coats of arms on one shield usually represented intermarriages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "car window consisting of a small pivoted glass vent in the door of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic plate measuring 3.25 inches by 4.25 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterstaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long stout staff used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartz battery", + "quartz mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stamp mill for stamping quartz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartz crystal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin plate or small rod of quartz cut along certain lines and ground so that it can produce an electric signal at a constant frequency; used in crystal oscillators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartz lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercury-vapor lamp that is enclosed in a quartz container instead of a glass container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quay" + ], + "it": [ + "banchina", + "calata", + "molo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wharf usually built parallel to the shoreline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quebec Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cantilever bridge in Quebec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ], + "it": [ + "regina", + "donna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chess) the most powerful piece" + ], + "it": [ + "nel gioco degli scacchi, il pezzo più potente posto a difesa del re" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ], + "it": [ + "dama", + "donna", + "regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four face cards in a deck bearing a picture of a queen" + ], + "it": [ + "nel gioco delle carte, la figura che rappresenta una regina ed è di valore immediatamente inferiore al re" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen post" + ], + "it": [ + "monaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vertical tie post in a roof truss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensboro Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cantilever bridge across the East River between Manhattan and Queens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive stone mill for grinding corn by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quill", + "quill pen" + ], + "it": [ + "calamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pen made from a bird's feather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilt", + "comforter", + "comfort", + "puff" + ], + "it": [ + "coltrone", + "imbottita", + "piumone", + "strapunto", + "trapunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedding made of two layers of cloth filled with stuffing and stitched together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilted bedspread" + ], + "it": [ + "piumone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bedspread constructed like a thin quilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilting" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "stoffa trapuntata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material used for making a quilt, or a quilted fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilting" + ], + "it": [ + "trapunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stitching through layers of fabric and a filling so as to create a design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinacrine", + "quinacrine hydrochloride", + "mepacrine", + "Atabrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Atabrine) used to treat certain worm infestations and once used to treat malaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinidine", + "Quinidex", + "Quinora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardiac drug (trade names Quinidex and Quinora) used to treat certain heart arrhythmias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quinine" + ], + "it": [ + "chinina", + "chinino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter alkaloid extracted from chinchona bark; used in malaria therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quipu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculator consisting of a cord with attached cords; used by ancient Peruvians for calculating and keeping records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow groove beside a beading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quirk bead", + "bead and quirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beading formed with a narrow groove separating it from the surface it decorates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quirk molding", + "quirk moulding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molding having a small groove in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with a leather thong at the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiver" + ], + "it": [ + "faretra", + "turcasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "case for holding arrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quoin", + "coign", + "coigne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the keystone of an arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quoin", + "coign", + "coigne" + ], + "it": [ + "serraforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expandable metal or wooden wedge used by printers to lock up a form within a chase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quoit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a ring of iron or circle of rope used in playing the game of quoits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "QWERTY keyboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera qwerty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the standard typewriter keyboard; the keys for Q, W, E, R, T, and Y are the first six from the left on the top row of letter keys" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera con la distribuzione dei tasti adottata come standard nel mondo anglosassone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "R-2", + "Mexican valium", + "rophy", + "rope", + "roofy", + "roach", + "forget me drug", + "circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for flunitrazepan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabato", + "rebato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wired or starched collar of intricate lace; worn in 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbet", + "rebate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular groove made to hold two pieces together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbet joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint formed by fitting together two rabbeted boards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit ears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indoor TV antenna; consists of two extendible rods that form a V" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit hutch" + ], + "it": [ + "conigliaia", + "conigliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hutch for rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raceabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sloop having the keep of a knockabout but with finer lines and carrying more sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racer", + "race car", + "racing car" + ], + "it": [ + "bolide", + "macchina da corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast car that competes in races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racetrack", + "racecourse", + "raceway", + "track" + ], + "it": [ + "circuito", + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course over which races are run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raceway", + "race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal for a current of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat propelled by oarsmen and designed for racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing circuit", + "circuit" + ], + "it": [ + "circuito", + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack for automobile races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing gig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light narrow racing boat for two or more oarsmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing skiff", + "single shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell for a single oarsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack", + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support for displaying various articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "framework for holding objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack", + "wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto", + "supplizio della ruota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack and pinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel gear (the pinion) meshes with a toothed rack; converts rotary to reciprocating motion (and vice versa)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket", + "racquet" + ], + "it": [ + "racchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sports implement (usually consisting of a handle and an oval frame with a tightly interlaced network of strings) used to strike a ball (or shuttlecock) in various games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racquetball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball used in playing the game of racquetball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radar", + "microwave radar", + "radio detection and ranging", + "radiolocation" + ], + "it": [ + "radar", + "radiolocalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument in which the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial", + "radial tire", + "radial-ply tire" + ], + "it": [ + "cinturato", + "pneumatico cinturato", + "pneumatico radiale", + "radiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumatic tire that has radial-ply casing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial engine", + "rotary engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine having cylinders arranged radially around a central crankcase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation pyrometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyrometer for estimating the temperature of distant sources of heat; radiation is focussed on a thermojunction connected in circuit with a galvanometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiator" + ], + "it": [ + "radiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism consisting of a metal honeycomb through which hot fluids circulate; heat is transferred from the fluid through the honeycomb to the airstream that is created either by the motion of the vehicle or by a fan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiator" + ], + "it": [ + "calorifero", + "radiatore", + "termosifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater consisting of a series of pipes for circulating steam or hot water to heat rooms or buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiator cap" + ], + "it": [ + "tappo del radiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cap on the opening in the top of a radiator through which a coolant liquid can be added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiator hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible hose between the radiator and the engine block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio", + "wireless" + ], + "it": [ + "radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system based on broadcasting electromagnetic waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio antenna", + "radio aerial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omnidirectional antenna comprising the part of a radio receiver by means of which radio signals are received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio beacon", + "beacon" + ], + "it": [ + "radiofaro", + "radioindicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio station that broadcasts a directional signal for navigational purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio chassis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chassis for a radio receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio compass" + ], + "it": [ + "radiobussola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a direction finder that gives a bearing by determining the direction of incoming radio signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiogram", + "radiograph", + "shadowgraph", + "skiagraph", + "skiagram" + ], + "it": [ + "radiografia", + "lastra", + "radiogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic image produced on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light (especially by X-rays or gamma rays)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio interferometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radio telescope that uses interference patterns from two antennas instead of a parabolic antenna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio link", + "link" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte radio", + "radiocollegamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-way radio communication system (usually microwave); part of a more extensive telecommunication network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiometer" + ], + "it": [ + "radiometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter to detect and measure radiant energy (electromagnetic or acoustic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiomicrometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiometer that is extremely sensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiopharmaceutical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pharmaceutical consisting of a radioactive compound used in radiation therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio-phonograph", + "radio-gramophone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment consisting of a combination of a radio receiver and a record player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiophotograph", + "radiophoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph transmitted by radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio receiver", + "receiving set", + "radio set", + "radio", + "tuner", + "wireless" + ], + "it": [ + "radioricevente", + "radioricevitore", + "ricevitore", + "radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic receiver that detects and demodulates and amplifies transmitted signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio station" + ], + "it": [ + "radiostazione", + "stazione radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "station for the production and transmission of AM or FM radio broadcasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotelegraph", + "radiotelegraphy", + "wireless telegraph", + "wireless telegraphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of radio to send telegraphic messages (usually by Morse code)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotelephone", + "radiophone", + "wireless telephone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone that communicates by radio waves rather than along cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio telescope", + "radio reflector" + ], + "it": [ + "radiotelescopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "astronomical telescope that picks up electromagnetic radiations in the radio-frequency range from extraterrestrial sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotherapy equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used to treat diseases with x-rays or radioactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmitter that is the part of a radio system that transmits signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radome", + "radar dome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a housing for a radar antenna; transparent to radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raft" + ], + "it": [ + "zattera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat float (usually made of logs or planks) that can be used for transport or as a platform for swimmers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rafter", + "balk", + "baulk" + ], + "it": [ + "puntone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raft foundation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundation (usually on soft ground) consisting of an extended layer of reinforced concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag", + "shred", + "tag", + "tag end", + "tatter" + ], + "it": [ + "brandello", + "brindello", + "cencio", + "sbrindello", + "straccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of cloth or paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag in which rags are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag doll" + ], + "it": [ + "bamboccio", + "bambola di pezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth doll that is stuffed and (usually) painted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raglan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (coat or sweater) that has raglan sleeves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raglan sleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeve that extends in one piece to the neckline of a coat or sweater with seams from the armhole to the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal bar (usually of wood or metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short for railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail fence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence (usually made of split logs laid across each other at an angle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad depot in a theater of operations where military supplies are unloaded for distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of the completed track on an unfinished railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railing", + "rail" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellata", + "ringhiera", + "staccionata", + "steccato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material for making rails or rails collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed on which railroad track is laid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment whose rooms are all in a line with doors between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad track", + "railroad", + "railway" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrovia", + "strada ferrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of track providing a runway for wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad tunnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tunnel through which the railroad track runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railway", + "railroad", + "railroad line", + "railway line", + "railway system" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railway junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction where two or more railway lines meet or cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railway station", + "railroad station", + "railroad terminal", + "train station", + "train depot" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrovia", + "stazione ferroviaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminal where trains load or unload passengers or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain barrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrel used as a cistern to hold rainwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raincoat", + "waterproof" + ], + "it": [ + "impermeabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-resistant coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain gauge", + "rain gage", + "pluviometer", + "udometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge consisting of an instrument to measure the quantity of precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument that is made from a dried cactus branch that is hollowed out and filled with small pebbles and capped at both ends; makes the sound of falling rain when tilted; origin was in Chile where tribesmen used it in ceremonies to bring rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake" + ], + "it": [ + "rastrello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled tool with a row of teeth at its head; used to move leaves or loosen soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a rake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ram" + ], + "it": [ + "ariete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for driving or forcing something by impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "RAM disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a virtual drive that is created by setting aside part of the random-access memory to use as if it were a group of sectors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramekin", + "ramequin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fireproof dish used for baking and serving individual portions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramipril", + "Altace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ACE inhibitor (trade name Altace) used to treat high blood pressure or in some patients who have had a heart attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramjet", + "ramjet engine", + "atherodyde", + "athodyd", + "flying drainpipe" + ], + "it": [ + "statoreattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple type of jet engine; must be launched at high speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for driving something with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp", + "incline" + ], + "it": [ + "rampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclined surface connecting two levels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rampant arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch whose support is higher on one side than on the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rampart", + "bulwark", + "wall" + ], + "it": [ + "baluardo", + "bastione", + "cinta", + "muraglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes" + ], + "it": [ + "militare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramrod" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod used to ram the charge into a muzzle-loading firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod used to clean the barrel of a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranch", + "spread", + "cattle ranch", + "cattle farm" + ], + "it": [ + "ranch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranch house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one story house with a low pitched roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random-access memory", + "random access memory", + "random memory", + "RAM", + "read/write memory" + ], + "it": [ + "RAM", + "memoria ad accesso casuale", + "memoria RAM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most common computer memory which can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on; an integrated circuit memory chip allows information to be stored or accessed in any order and all storage locations are equally accessible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rangefinder", + "range finder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument (acoustic or optical or electronic) for finding the distance of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust hood over a kitchen range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range pole", + "ranging pole", + "flagpole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument consisting of a straight rod painted in bands of alternate red and white each one foot wide; used for sightings by surveyors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranitidine", + "Zantac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a histamine blocker and antacid (trade name Zantac) used to treat peptic ulcers and gastritis and esophageal reflux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapid transit", + "mass rapid transit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban public transit system using underground or elevated trains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapier", + "tuck" + ], + "it": [ + "stocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight sword with a narrow blade and two edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rappee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong snuff made from dark coarse tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rariora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) rare collector's items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rasp", + "wood file" + ], + "it": [ + "raspa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse file with sharp pointed projections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rectangular formation of parallel scanning lines that guide the electron beam on a television screen or a computer monitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a woman's coiffure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratchet", + "rachet", + "ratch" + ], + "it": [ + "dentiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device consisting of a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratchet wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toothed wheel held in place by a pawl or detent and turned by a lever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rathole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dirty uncomfortable room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rathskeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tavern below street level featuring beer; originally a German restaurant in the basement of city hall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratline", + "ratlin" + ], + "it": [ + "grisella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a small horizontal rope between the shrouds of a sailing ship; they form a ladder for climbing aloft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat-tail file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin round file shaped like the tail of a rat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattan", + "ratan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch made from the stems of the rattan palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baby's toy that makes percussive noises when shaken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap for catching rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "filthy run-down dilapidated housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravehook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hooked hand tool used to prepare the seams of a boat for oakum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rayleigh disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acoustic radiometer consisting of a light disk suspended from a quartz thread; when exposed to a progressive sound wave its torque can measure velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rayon" + ], + "it": [ + "raion", + "rayon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic silklike fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razor" + ], + "it": [ + "rasoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edge tool used in shaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razorblade" + ], + "it": [ + "lametta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blade that has very sharp edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razor edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge that is as sharp as the cutting side of a razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction-propulsion engine", + "reaction engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jet or rocket engine based on a form of aerodynamic propulsion in which the vehicle emits a high-speed stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turbine with blades arranged to develop torque from gradual decrease of steam pressure from inlet to exhaust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactor" + ], + "it": [ + "reattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device used to introduce reactance into a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada da scrivania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that provides light for reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala di lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room set aside for reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read-only memory", + "ROM", + "read-only storage", + "fixed storage" + ], + "it": [ + "ROM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) memory whose contents can be accessed and read but cannot be changed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read-only memory chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a memory chip providing read-only memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readout", + "read-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device the displays information is a visual form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read/write head", + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole used to write and read magnetic patterns on a disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ready-made" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manufactured artifact (as a garment or piece of furniture) that is made in advance and available for purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ready-to-wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ready-made clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main memory in a virtual memory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reamer" + ], + "it": [ + "alesatoio", + "alesatore", + "allargatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill that is used to shape or enlarge holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reamer", + "juicer", + "juice reamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squeezer with a conical ridged center that is used for squeezing juice from citrus fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear", + "back" + ], + "it": [ + "di dietro", + "didietro", + "retro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that goes last or is not normally seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearview mirror" + ], + "it": [ + "retrovisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "car mirror that reflects the view out of the rear window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i57999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear window" + ], + "it": [ + "lunotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "car window that allows vision out of the back of the car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reaumur thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcohol thermometer calibrated in degrees Reaumur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reboxetine", + "Edronax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebozo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long woolen or linen scarf covering the head and shoulders (also used as a sling for holding a baby); traditionally worn by Latin-American women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receiver", + "receiving system" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set that receives radio or tv signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container that is used to put or keep things in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical (or electronic) fitting that is connected to a source of power and equipped to receive an insert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception desk" + ], + "it": [ + "bureau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter (as in a hotel) where guests are received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception room" + ], + "it": [ + "salone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room for receiving and entertaining visitors (as in a private house or hotel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recess", + "niche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure that is set back or indented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocating engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine in which the crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down in cylinders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recliner", + "reclining chair", + "lounger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armchair whose back can be lowered and foot can be raised to allow the sitter to recline in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military airplane used to gain information about an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconnaissance vehicle", + "scout car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast armored military vehicle with four-wheel drive and open top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a model that represents the landscape of a former geological age or that represents and extinct animal etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record changer", + "auto-changer", + "changer" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiadischi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automatic mechanical device on a record player that causes new records to be played without manual intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recorder", + "recording equipment", + "recording machine" + ], + "it": [ + "registratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment for making records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recording" + ], + "it": [ + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal that encodes something (e.g., picture or sound) that has been recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recording" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage device on which information (sounds or images) have been recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recording studio" + ], + "it": [ + "sala di registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "studio where tapes and records are recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recording system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "audio system for recoding sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jacket for a phonograph record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record player", + "phonograph" + ], + "it": [ + "fonografo", + "giradischi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine in which rotating records cause a stylus to vibrate and the vibrations are amplified acoustically or electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record sleeve", + "record cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeve for storing a phonograph record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recovery room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala di rianimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital room for the care of patients immediately after surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recreational drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotic drug that is used only occasionally and is claimed to be nonaddictive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recreational facility", + "recreation facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public facility for recreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recreational vehicle", + "RV", + "R.V." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorized wheeled vehicle used for camping or other recreational activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recreation room", + "rec room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room equipped for informal entertaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectifier" + ], + "it": [ + "raddirizzatore", + "raddrizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device that transforms alternating into direct current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recycling bin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bin for depositing things to be recycled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recycling plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant for reprocessing used or abandoned materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redbrick university" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British informal) a provincial British university of relatively recent founding; distinguished from Oxford University and Cambridge University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of red carpeting laid down for dignitaries to walk on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redoubt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrenched stronghold or refuge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redoubt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a temporary or supplementary fortification; typically square or polygonal without flanking defenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reducer" + ], + "it": [ + "riduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pipefitting that joins two pipes of different diameter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduction gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gearing that reduces an input speed to a slower output speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed", + "vibrating reed" + ], + "it": [ + "ancia", + "linguetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vibrator consisting of a thin strip of stiff material that vibrates to produce a tone when air streams over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ pipe with a vibrating reed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ stop with the tone of a reed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef knot", + "flat knot" + ], + "it": [ + "nodo piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square knot used in a reef line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winder consisting of a revolving spool with a handle; attached to a fishing rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina", + "pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of photographic film holding a series of frames to be projected by a movie projector" + ], + "it": [ + "bobina di pellicola cinematografica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refectory" + ], + "it": [ + "mensa", + "refettorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communal dining-hall (usually in a monastery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refectory table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow dining table supported by a stretcher between two trestles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refill" + ], + "it": [ + "cartuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial product that refills a container with its appropriate contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prescription drug that is provided again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinery" + ], + "it": [ + "raffineria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflecting telescope", + "reflector" + ], + "it": [ + "riflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical telescope consisting of a large concave mirror that produces an image that is magnified by the eyepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflection", + "reflexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the image of something as reflected by a mirror (or other reflective material)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflectometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter that measures the reflectance of a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflector" + ], + "it": [ + "riflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that reflects radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflex camera" + ], + "it": [ + "reflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "camera that allows the photographer to view and focus the exact scene being photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflux condenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condenser such that vapor over a boiling liquid is condensed and flows back into the vessel to prevent its contents from boiling dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reformatory", + "reform school", + "training school" + ], + "it": [ + "correzionale", + "riformatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correctional institution for the detention and discipline and training of young or first offenders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus that reforms the molecular structure of hydrocarbons to produce richer fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refracting telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical telescope that has a large convex lens that produces an image that is viewed through the eyepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for measuring the refractive index of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigeration system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooling system for chilling or freezing (usually for preservative purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerator", + "icebox" + ], + "it": [ + "frigidaire", + "frigorifero", + "ghiacciaia", + "refrigeratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerator car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freight car that is equipped with refrigeration system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refuge", + "sanctuary", + "asylum" + ], + "it": [ + "asilo", + "rifugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter from danger or hardship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paraphernalia indicative of royalty (or other high office)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regimentals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military uniform and insignia of a regiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulator (as a sliding plate) for regulating the flow of air into a furnace or other heating device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air passage (usually in the floor or a wall of a room) for admitting or excluding heated air from the room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) memory device that is the part of computer memory that has a specific address and that is used to hold information of a specific kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulator" + ], + "it": [ + "regolatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rein" + ], + "it": [ + "briglia", + "redine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of long straps (usually connected to the bit or the headpiece) used to control a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that relaxes and relieves tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay", + "electrical relay" + ], + "it": [ + "relais", + "relè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device such that current flowing through it in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "uscita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merchandise issued for sale or public showing (especially a record or film)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that when pressed will release part of a mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relic" + ], + "it": [ + "cimelio", + "memoria", + "vestigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiquity that has survived from the distant past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief", + "relievo", + "rilievo", + "embossment", + "sculptural relief" + ], + "it": [ + "alto rielievo", + "rilievo", + "basso rilievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sculpture consisting of shapes carved on a surface so as to stand out from the surrounding background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious residence", + "cloister" + ], + "it": [ + "chiostro", + "convento", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "residence that is a place of religious seclusion (such as a monastery)" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio dove risiedono comunita' di religiosi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliquary" + ], + "it": [ + "reliquiario", + "teca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container where religious relics are stored or displayed (especially relics of saints)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remake", + "remaking" + ], + "it": [ + "remake", + "riedizione", + "rifacimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creation that is created again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remedy", + "curative", + "cure", + "therapeutic" + ], + "it": [ + "cura", + "farmaco", + "ricetta", + "rimedio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expensive or high-class hackney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remote control", + "remote" + ], + "it": [ + "radiocomando", + "radioguida", + "radiotelecomando", + "telecomando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that can be used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remote-control bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that can be detonated by remote control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remote terminal", + "link-attached terminal", + "remote station", + "link-attached station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terminal connected to a computer by a data link" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "removable disk" + ], + "it": [ + "disco rimovibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard disk that can be removed from the disk drive; removal prevents unauthorized use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perspective drawing of an architect's design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coat of stucco applied to a masonry wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rep", + "repp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with prominent rounded crosswise ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repair shop", + "fix-it shop" + ], + "it": [ + "negozio di riparazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop specializing in repairs and maintenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeater" + ], + "it": [ + "ripetitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) electronic device that amplifies a signal before transmitting it again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeating firearm", + "repeater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm that can fire several rounds without reloading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repertory" + ], + "it": [ + "repertorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storehouse where a stock of things is kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replica", + "replication", + "reproduction" + ], + "it": [ + "replica", + "riproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy that is not the original; something that has been copied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repository", + "monument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burial vault (usually for some famous person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione", + "raffigurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproducer" + ], + "it": [ + "riproduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an audio system that can reproduce and amplify signals to produce sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerebrace", + "upper cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cannon that provides plate armor for the upper arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used to rescue passengers in case of emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research center", + "research facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center where research is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of fine lines used by astronomers as a reference for measurements on star photographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a net or mesh foundation for lace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserpine", + "Raudixin", + "Rau-Sed", + "Sandril", + "Serpasil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive consisting of an alkaloid extracted from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina (trade names Raudixin or Rau-Sed or Sandril or Serpasil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservoir", + "artificial lake", + "man-made lake" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino idrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lake used to store water for community use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device for resetting instruments or controls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reset button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a push button that you press to activate the reset mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official house or establishment of an important person (as a sovereign or president)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance pyrometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pyrometer that measures high temperatures by the resistance in a heated wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance thermometer", + "platinum thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thermometer that measures temperature by changes in the resistance of a spiral of platinum wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistor", + "resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any system that resonates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonator", + "resonant circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical circuit that combines capacitance and inductance in such a way that a periodic electric oscillation will reach maximum amplitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonator", + "cavity resonator", + "resonating chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow chamber whose dimensions allow the resonant oscillation of electromagnetic or acoustic waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resort hotel", + "spa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashionable hotel usually in a resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respirator", + "inhalator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breathing device for administering long-term artificial respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support on which things can be put" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restaurant", + "eating house", + "eating place", + "eatery" + ], + "it": [ + "ristorante", + "trattoria", + "restaurant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where people go to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building used for shelter by travelers (especially in areas where there are no hotels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restraint", + "constraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that retards something's motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resuscitator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breathing apparatus used for resuscitation by forcing oxygen into the lungs of a person who has undergone asphyxia or arrest of respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dental appliance that holds teeth (or a prosthesis) in position after orthodontic treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retaining wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall that is built to resist lateral pressure (especially a wall built to prevent the advance of a mass of earth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticle", + "reticule", + "graticule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of fine lines, dots, cross hairs, or wires in the focal plane of the eyepiece of an optical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement resembling a net or network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's drawstring handbag; usually made of net or beading or brocade; used in 18th and 19th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some artifact that has been restored or reconstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retort" + ], + "it": [ + "storta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel where substances are distilled or decomposed by heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retractor" + ], + "it": [ + "divaricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgical instrument that holds back the edges of a surgical incision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retread", + "recap" + ], + "it": [ + "pneumatico rigenerato", + "gomma rigenerata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a used automobile tire that has been remolded to give it new treads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrenchment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entrenchment consisting of an additional interior fortification to prolong the defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component or accessory added to something after it has been manufactured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrorocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rocket engine on a larger rocket or spacecraft that is fired to slow or alter its course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return key", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the key on electric typewriters or computer keyboards that causes a carriage return and a line feed" + ], + "it": [ + "tasto di ritorno a margine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverberatory furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furnace in which the material that is being treated is heated indirectly by flames that are directed at the roof and walls of the furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revers", + "revere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lapel on a woman's garment; turned back to show the reverse side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse", + "reverse gear" + ], + "it": [ + "contromarcia", + "retromarcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gears by which the motion of a machine can be reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse", + "verso" + ], + "it": [ + "retro", + "rovescio", + "tergo", + "verso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of a coin or medal that does not bear the principal design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse transcriptase inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antiviral drug that inhibits the action of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses such as HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (especially a coat) that can be worn inside out (with either side of the cloth showing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversing thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that registers the temperature in deep waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revetment", + "revetement", + "stone facing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facing (usually masonry) that supports an embankment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revetment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier against explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reviewing stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand from which a parade or military force can be reviewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolver", + "six-gun", + "six-shooter" + ], + "it": [ + "revolver", + "rivoltella", + "rivoltella a sei colpi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pistol with a revolving cylinder (usually having six chambers for bullets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolving door", + "revolver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a door consisting of four orthogonal partitions that rotate about a central pivot; a door designed to equalize the air pressure in tall buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring the flow of liquids (especially arterial blood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheostat", + "variable resistor" + ], + "it": [ + "reostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistor for regulating current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument consisting of a mirror mounted at an angle on a rod; used to examine the nasal passages (through the nasopharynx)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support resembling the rib of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting molding on the underside of a vault or ceiling; may be ornamental or structural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riband", + "ribband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ribbon used as a decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribavirin", + "Virazole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhaled antiviral agent (trade name Virazole) that may be used to treat serious virus infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbed vault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vault that resembles a groined vault but has ribbed arches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbing" + ], + "it": [ + "costolatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon" + ], + "it": [ + "fettuccia", + "gala", + "nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notion consisting of a narrow strip of fine material used for trimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon", + "typewriter ribbon" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long strip of inked material for making characters on paper with a typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building complex in a continuous row along a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib joint pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of pliers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil used for ricing soft foods by extruding them through small holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickrack", + "ricrac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow zigzag ribbon used as trimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle" + ], + "it": [ + "crivello", + "vaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse sieve (as for gravel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that you ride for amusement or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rider plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal beam (or plate) connected to the top of a ship's vertical keel or to the keelson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge", + "ridgepole", + "rooftree" + ], + "it": [ + "colmo", + "displuvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam laid along the edge where two sloping sides of a roof meet at the top; provides an attachment for the upper ends of rafters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of lifelines running alongside the bowsprit of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding bitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the large bitts used to secure the cable of a dropped anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boot without laces that is worn for riding horses; part of a riding habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding crop", + "hunting crop" + ], + "it": [ + "frustino", + "scudiscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short whip with a thong at the end and a handle for opening gates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding mower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power mower you can ride on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifampin", + "Rifadin", + "Rimactane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibacterial drug (trade names Rifadin and Rimactane) used to treat tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle" + ], + "it": [ + "fucile", + "schioppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bullet designed to be fired from a rifle; no longer made spherical in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the butt end of a rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle grenade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grenade that is thrown from a launching device attached to the barrel of a rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle range" + ], + "it": [ + "tirassegno", + "tiro a segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range where people can practice shooting rifles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear (including necessary machinery) for a particular enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig", + "rigging" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura", + "attrezzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formation of masts, spars, sails, etc., on a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigger", + "rigger brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long slender pointed sable brush used by artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with a specified rig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigging", + "tackle" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzatura", + "cordame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right field", + "rightfield", + "right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage consisting of a path or strip of land over which someone has the legal right to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's costume (especially if bizarre)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer part of a wheel to which the tire is attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) the hoop from which the net is suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "band" + ], + "it": [ + "anello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jewelry consisting of a circlet of precious metal (often set with jewels) worn on the finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform usually marked off by ropes in which contestants box or wrestle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringside", + "ringside seat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "prima fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first row of seating; has an unobstructed view of a boxing or wrestling ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rink", + "skating rink" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinatoio", + "pista", + "pista di pattinaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building that contains a surface for ice skating or roller skating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riot gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm designed to disperse rioters rather than to inflict serious injury or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripcord" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cavo di spiegamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord that is pulled to open a parachute from its pack during a descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripcord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord that is pulled to open the gasbag of a balloon wide enough to release gas and so causes the balloon to descend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripping bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel lever with one end formed into a ripping chisel and the other a gooseneck with a claw for pulling nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripping chisel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long chisel with a slightly bent cutting end; used for heavy prying or cleaning mortises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripsaw", + "splitsaw" + ], + "it": [ + "saracco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handsaw for cutting with the grain of the wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riser" + ], + "it": [ + "alzata", + "frontalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structural member consisting of the vertical part of a stair or step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riser", + "riser pipe", + "riser pipeline", + "riser main" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical pipe in a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritonavir", + "Norvir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protease inhibitor (trade name Norvir) used in treating HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ostentatiously elegant hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat used on rivers or to ply a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivet" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo", + "ribattino", + "rivetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy pin having a head at one end and the other end being hammered flat after being passed through holes in the pieces that are fastened together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riveting machine", + "riveter", + "rivetter" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodatrice", + "ribaditrice", + "rivettatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for driving rivets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivet line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of rivets at a seam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the butt of a marijuana cigarette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach clip", + "roach holder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal tweezers used by marijuana smokers to hold a roach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road", + "route" + ], + "it": [ + "strada", + "via", + "via di comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation" + ], + "it": [ + "striscia di terreno spianato, lastricato o asfaltato, destinata al passaggio e al transito di persone e veicoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadbed" + ], + "it": [ + "massicciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed supporting a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadblock", + "barricade" + ], + "it": [ + "blocco stradale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier set up by police to stop traffic on a street or road in order to catch a fugitive or inspect traffic etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inn (usually outside city limits on a main road) providing meals and liquor and dancing and (sometimes) gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map showing roads (for automobile travel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadster", + "runabout", + "two-seater" + ], + "it": [ + "spider", + "macchina a due posti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open automobile having a front seat and a rumble seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paved surface of a paved roadway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadway" + ], + "it": [ + "carreggiata", + "sede stradale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road (especially that part of a road) over which vehicles travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special cooking pan for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any loose flowing garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robitussin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of an expectorant that loosens phlegm and makes it easier to cough up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robotics equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment used in robotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rochon prism", + "Wollaston prism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical device that produces plane-polarized ultraviolet light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock bit", + "roller bit" + ], + "it": [ + "scalpello a rulli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill bit that has hardened rotating rollers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved support that permits the supported object to rock to and fro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice skate with a curved blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker", + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trough that can be rocked back and forth; used by gold miners to shake auriferous earth in water in order to separate the gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker arm", + "valve rocker" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever pivoted at the center; used especially to push a valve down in an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket", + "rocket engine" + ], + "it": [ + "endoreattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jet engine containing its own propellant and driven by reaction propulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket", + "projectile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any vehicle self-propelled by a rocket engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military base for rocket missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firing range for rocket missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock garden", + "rockery" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden featuring rocks; usually alpine plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocking chair", + "rocker" + ], + "it": [ + "sedia a dondolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair mounted on rockers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rod" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta", + "bacchetto", + "barra", + "stelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin implement made of metal or wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rodeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure for cattle that have been rounded up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roentgenogram", + "X ray", + "X-ray", + "X-ray picture", + "X-ray photograph" + ], + "it": [ + "radiografia", + "schermografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radiogram made by exposing photographic film to X rays; used in medical diagnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rofecoxib", + "Vioxx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cox-2 inhibitor (trade name Vioxx) that relieves pain and inflammation without harming the digestive tract; voluntarily withdrawn from the market in 2004" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything rolled up in cylindrical form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "rollino", + "rotolo di pellicola fotografica", + "rullino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic film rolled up inside a container to protect it from light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller" + ], + "it": [ + "cilindro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylinder that revolves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wheel without spokes (as on a roller skate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage consisting of a strip of sterile fabric (of variable width) rolled into a cylinder to facilitate application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-line skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe with a line of rollers fixed to the sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rollerblade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) an in-line skate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller blind" + ], + "it": [ + "avvolgibile", + "tapparella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window shade that rolls up out of the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller coaster", + "big dipper", + "chute-the-chute" + ], + "it": [ + "montagne russe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevated railway in an amusement park (usually with sharp curves and steep inclines)" + ], + "it": [ + "un percorso su rotaie, con curve e forti inclinazioni, usato per divertimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller skate" + ], + "it": [ + "schettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe with pairs of rollers fixed to the sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller towel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "asciugamano a rullo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a towel with the ends sewn together, hung on a roller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic film wound on a spool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolling hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hitch for fastening a line to a spar or another rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolling mill" + ], + "it": [ + "laminatoio", + "fabbrica di laminati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steel mill where metal is rolled into sheets and bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolling pin" + ], + "it": [ + "matterello", + "spianatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utensil consisting of a cylinder (usually of wood) with a handle at each end; used to roll out dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolling stock" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale rotabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collection of wheeled vehicles owned by a railroad or motor carrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll of tobacco", + "smoke" + ], + "it": [ + "sigaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tobacco leaves that have been made into a cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's foundation garment rolled on to the hips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dispenser of a liquid cosmetic (such as a deodorant) having a revolving ball as an applicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll-on roll-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of transport (as a ferry or train or plane) that vehicles roll onto at the beginning and roll off of at the destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rolodex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a desktop rotary card index with removable cards; usually used for names, addresses, and telephone numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman arch", + "semicircular arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round arch drawn from a single center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building constructed by the ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman candle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical firework that projects a series of colored balls of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romper", + "romper suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-piece garment for children to wear at play; the lower part is shaped like bloomers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rood screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screen in a church; separates the nave from the choir or chancel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof" + ], + "it": [ + "tetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof" + ], + "it": [ + "tetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering on top of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden on a flat roof of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roofing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material used to construct a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest point of a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza", + "camera", + "locale", + "ambiente", + "vano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno degli spazi risultanti dalla suddivisione interna di un edificio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roomette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small private compartment for one on a sleeping car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light that provides general illumination for a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roost" + ], + "it": [ + "ballatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perch on which domestic fowl rest or sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter with perches for fowl or other birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root cellar", + "cellar" + ], + "it": [ + "bottiglieria", + "cantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excavation where root vegetables are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope" + ], + "it": [ + "cavo", + "cima", + "corda", + "fune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge consisting of ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope ladder" + ], + "it": [ + "scala di corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladder with side pieces of rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope tow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ski tow offering only a moving rope to hold onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ropewalk", + "rope yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace consisting of a long narrow path or shed where rope is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope yarn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strands out of which ropes are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosary", + "prayer beads" + ], + "it": [ + "corona del rosario", + "rosario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of beads used in counting prayers (especially by Catholics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose bed", + "bed of roses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flower bed in which roses are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose garden" + ], + "it": [ + "rosaio", + "roseto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden for growing roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosemaling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian style of carved or painted decoration (as on furniture or walls or dinnerware) consisting of floral motifs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosette" + ], + "it": [ + "coccarda", + "rosetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament or pattern resembling a rose that is worn as a badge of office or as recognition of having won an honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perfume consisting of water scented with oil of roses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose window", + "rosette" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa", + "rosone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circular window filled with tracery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosin bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag filled with rosin; used by baseball pitchers to improve their grip on the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotary actuator", + "positioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the actuator that moves a read/write head to the proper data track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotary engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal-combustion engine in which power is transmitted directly to rotating components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotary press" + ], + "it": [ + "rotativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printing press for printing from a revolving cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotating mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that rotates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotating shaft", + "shaft" + ], + "it": [ + "alberino", + "albero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolving rod that transmits power or motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotisserie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant that specializes in roasted and barbecued meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotisserie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oven or broiler equipped with a rotating spit on which meat cooks as it turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotor" + ], + "it": [ + "elica", + "rotore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotating mechanism consisting of an assembly of rotating airfoils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotor", + "rotor coil" + ], + "it": [ + "indotto", + "rotore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rotating armature of a motor or generator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the revolving bar of a distributor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotor blade", + "rotary wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the long airfoil that rotates to provide the lift that supports a helicopter in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotor head", + "rotor shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the axis around which the major rotor of a helicopter turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotunda" + ], + "it": [ + "rotonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large circular room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotunda" + ], + "it": [ + "rotonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building having a circular plan and a dome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rouge", + "paint", + "blusher" + ], + "it": [ + "fard", + "rossetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makeup consisting of a pink or red powder applied to the cheeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rough preliminary model" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rouleau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of coins wrapped in paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rouleau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of ribbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulette", + "toothed wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel with teeth for making a row of perforations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulette ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball used to play roulette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulette wheel", + "wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "roulette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling; the wheel rotates horizontally and players bet on which slot the roulette ball will stop in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "unit of ammunition", + "one shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge of ammunition for a single shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch formed in a continuous curve; characteristic of Roman architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-bottom flask" + ], + "it": [ + "ampolla", + "matraccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spherical flask with a narrow neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round piece of armor plate that protects the armpit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for rounding corners or edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file with a circular cross section; used to file the inside of holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace consisting of a circular building for repairing locomotives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Round Table", + "King Arthur's Round Table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(legend) the circular table for King Arthur and his knights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "router" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool with a shaped cutter; used in carpentry for cutting grooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "router" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a device that forwards data packets between computer networks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "router plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworking plane with a narrow cutting head that will make grooves with smooth bottoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowel" + ], + "it": [ + "rotella", + "rotella dello sperone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small spiked wheel at the end of a spur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row house", + "town house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house that is one of a row of identical houses situated side by side and sharing common walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowing boat" + ], + "it": [ + "barca a remi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rowboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowlock arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch that is formed with more than one concentric row of voussoirs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row of bricks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of bricks place next to each other (usually in a straight line)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sail set next above the topgallant on a royal mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace to secure the royal mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "topmast immediately above the topgallant mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber band", + "elastic band", + "elastic" + ], + "it": [ + "elastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow band of elastic rubber used to hold things (such as papers) together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber boot", + "gum boot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high boot made of rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber bullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bullet made of hard rubber; designed for use in crowd control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubber eraser", + "rubber", + "pencil eraser" + ], + "it": [ + "gomma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eraser made of rubber (or of a synthetic material with properties similar to rubber); commonly mounted at one end of a pencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation consisting of a copy (as of an engraving) made by laying paper over something and rubbing it with charcoal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubbing alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lotion consisting of a poisonous solution of isopropyl alcohol or denatured ethanol alcohol for external use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubefacient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine for external application that produces redness of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) steering mechanism consisting of a hinged vertical plate mounted at the stern of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "timone di direzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged vertical airfoil mounted at the tail of an aircraft and used to make horizontal course changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudder blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical blade on a rudder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudderpost", + "rudderstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical post at the forward edge of a rudder that enables the rudder to pivot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(French) a street or road in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rug", + "carpet", + "carpeting" + ], + "it": [ + "parrucchino", + "tappeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rugby ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflated oval ball used in playing rugby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin" + ], + "it": [ + "rovine", + "rudere", + "rudero", + "vestigia", + "rovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruined building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "ruler" + ], + "it": [ + "righello", + "riga", + "regolo", + "righino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servant's seat (or luggage compartment) in the rear of a carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumble seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folding outside seat in the back of some early cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rummer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large drinking glass (ovoid bowl on a stem) for drinking toasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumpus room", + "playroom", + "game room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreation room for noisy activities (parties or children's play etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runcible spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fork-like spoon with a cutting edge; coined by Edward Lear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rundle", + "spoke", + "rung" + ], + "it": [ + "gradino", + "scalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the crosspieces that form the steps of a ladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rung", + "round", + "stave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crosspiece between the legs of a chair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device consisting of the parts on which something can slide along" + ], + "it": [ + "meccanismo o dispositivo che serve a guidare il movimento di un oggetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow footboard serving as a step beneath the doors of some old cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light comfortable shoe designed for running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running stitch" + ], + "it": [ + "filza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small, even, hand stitches run in and out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matching jacket and pants worn by joggers and made of fabric that absorbs perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runway" + ], + "it": [ + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of level paved surface where planes can take off and land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow platform extending from the stage into the audience in a theater or nightclub etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chute down which logs can slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rushlight", + "rush candle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tallow candle with a rush stem as the wick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "russet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish brown homespun fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rya", + "rya rug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shag rug made in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saber", + "sabre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fencing sword with a v-shaped blade and a slightly curved handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saber saw", + "jigsaw", + "reciprocating saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable power saw with a reciprocating blade; can be used with a variety of blades depending on the application and kind of cut; generally have a plate that rides on the surface that is being cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabin vaccine", + "oral poliovirus vaccine", + "OPV", + "trivalent live oral poliomyelitis vaccine", + "TOPV" + ], + "it": [ + "antipolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral vaccine (containing live but weakened poliovirus) that is given to provide immunity to poliomyelitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable" + ], + "it": [ + "zibellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarf (or trimming) made of sable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable", + "sable brush", + "sable's hair pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist's brush made of sable hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sable coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fur coat made of sable furs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabot", + "wooden shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe carved from a single block of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sachet" + ], + "it": [ + "bustina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small soft bag containing perfumed powder; used to perfume items in a drawer or chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack", + "poke", + "paper bag", + "carrier bag" + ], + "it": [ + "sacchetto di carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag made of paper or plastic for holding customer's purchases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack", + "sacque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's full loose hiplength jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sackbut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval musical instrument resembling a trombone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sackcloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse cloth resembling sacking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sackcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment made of coarse sacking; formerly worn as an indication of remorse" + ], + "it": [ + "abito di fattura grossolana indossato in segno di penitenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man's hiplength coat with a straight back; the jacket of a suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacking", + "bagging" + ], + "it": [ + "sacco", + "tela di sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse fabric used for bags or sacks" + ], + "it": [ + "tela ruvida e grossolana con cui si fanno i sacchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ], + "it": [ + "arcione", + "sella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat for the rider of a horse or camel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of leather across the instep of a shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddlebag" + ], + "it": [ + "bisaccia", + "fonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bag (or pair of bags) hung over a saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle blanket", + "saddlecloth", + "horse blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear consisting of a blanket placed under the saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle oxford", + "saddle shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oxford with a saddle of contrasting color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddlery" + ], + "it": [ + "selleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workshop where a saddler works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair seat that is slightly concave and sometimes has a thickened ridge in the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle soap", + "leather soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild soap for cleansing and conditioning leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative overcast or running stitch, especially in a contrasting color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe" + ], + "it": [ + "cassaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strongbox where valuables can be safely kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ventilated or refrigerated cupboard for securing provisions from pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe-deposit", + "safe-deposit box", + "safety-deposit", + "safety deposit box", + "deposit box", + "lockbox" + ], + "it": [ + "cassetta di sicurezza", + "deposito in cassette di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fireproof metal strongbox (usually in a bank) for storing valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refuge from attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house used as a hiding place or refuge by members of certain organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undecorated arch that is included in order to strengthen or support a construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety belt", + "life belt", + "safety harness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belt attaching you to some object as a restraint in order to prevent you from getting hurt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety bicycle", + "safety bike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bicycle that has two wheels of equal size; pedals are connected to the rear wheel by a multiplying gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety bolt", + "safety lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bolt that cannot be moved from outside the door or gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety catch", + "safety lock" + ], + "it": [ + "sicura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guard consisting of a locking device that prevents a weapon from being fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fireproof theater curtain to be dropped in case of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety fuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow-burning fuse consisting of a tube or cord filled or saturated with combustible matter; used to ignite detonators from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety lamp", + "Davy lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil lamp that will not ignite flammable gases (methane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety match", + "book matches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paper match that strikes only on a specially prepared surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large strong net to catch circus acrobats who fall or jump from a trapeze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pin in the form of a clasp; has a guard so the point of the pin will not stick the user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety rail", + "guardrail" + ], + "it": [ + "guardavia", + "guardrail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railing placed alongside a stairway or road for safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety razor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a razor with a guard to prevent deep cuts in the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety valve", + "relief valve", + "escape valve", + "escape cock", + "escape" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve in a container in which pressure can build up (as a steam boiler); it opens automatically when the pressure reaches a dangerous level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sail", + "canvas", + "canvass", + "sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "vela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any structure that resembles a sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailboat", + "sailing boat" + ], + "it": [ + "barca a vela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sailing vessel; usually with a single mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailcloth" + ], + "it": [ + "olona", + "tela da vela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong fabric (such as cotton canvas) used for making sails and tents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing vessel", + "sailing ship" + ], + "it": [ + "veliero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel that is powered by the wind; often having several masts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing warship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship that was powered by sails and equipped with many heavy guns; not built after the middle of the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailor cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cap worn by sailors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailor suit" + ], + "it": [ + "vestito alla marinara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy's ensemble; copied from a sailor's uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Lawrence Seaway", + "St. Lawrence Seaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaway involving the Saint Lawrence River and the Great Lakes that was developed jointly by Canada and the United States; oceangoing ships can travel as far west as Lake Superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar where diners can assemble a salad to their own taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "insalatiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bowl for mixing and serving a salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad fork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fork intended for eating salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad plate", + "salad bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate or bowl for individual servings of salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salinometer" + ], + "it": [ + "salinometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrometer that determines the concentration of salt solutions by measuring their density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salk vaccine", + "IPV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poliovirus vaccine consisting of inactivated polio virus that is injected subcutaneously to provide immunity to poliomyelitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sallet", + "salade" + ], + "it": [ + "celata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light medieval helmet with a slit for vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegant sitting room where guests are received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gallery where works of art can be displayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salon", + "beauty salon", + "beauty parlor", + "beauty parlour", + "beauty shop" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto di bellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where hairdressers and beauticians work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of house built in New England; has two stories in front and one behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltcellar" + ], + "it": [ + "saliera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small container for holding salt at the dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt mine" + ], + "it": [ + "salina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where salt is dug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltshaker", + "salt shaker" + ], + "it": [ + "spargisale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaker with a perforated top for sprinkling salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltworks" + ], + "it": [ + "salina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant where salt is produced commercially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray (or large plate) for serving food or drinks; usually made of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvinorin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hallucinogen obtained from Salvia divinorum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salwar", + "shalwar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of light loose trousers with a tight fit around the ankles; worn by women from the Indian subcontinent (usually with a kameez)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salyut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two Soviet space stations launched in the 1970s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sam Browne belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leather belt supported by a strap over the right shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samisen", + "shamisen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese stringed instrument resembling a banjo with a long neck and three strings and a fretted fingerboard and a rectangular soundbox; played with a plectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy silk fabric (often woven with silver or gold threads); used to make clothing in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samovar" + ], + "it": [ + "samovar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal urn with a spigot at the base; used in Russia to boil water for tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian skiff usually propelled by two oars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of embroidery demonstrating skill with various stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampling station", + "sampler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observation station that is set up to make sample observations of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanatorium", + "sanatarium", + "sanitarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital for recuperation or for the treatment of chronic diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanctuary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consecrated place where sacred objects are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandal" + ], + "it": [ + "sandalo", + "sandolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe consisting of a sole fastened by straps to the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sacchetto di sabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag filled with sand; used as a weapon or to build walls or as ballast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandblaster" + ], + "it": [ + "sabbiatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool that throws out a blast of steam laden with sand; used to clean or grind hard surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbox", + "sandpile", + "sandpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaything consisting of a pile of sand or a box filled with sand for children to play in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mold consisting of a box with sand shaped to mold metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandglass" + ], + "it": [ + "clessidra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timepiece in which the passage of time is indicated by the flow of sand from one transparent container to another through a narrow passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand painting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting done by Amerindians (especially Navaho); made of fine colored sands on a neutral background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand wedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedge used to get out of sand traps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwich board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signboard consisting of two hinged boards that hang front and back from the shoulders of a walker and are used to display advertisements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitary napkin", + "sanitary towel", + "Kotex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposable absorbent pad (trade name Kotex); worn to absorb menstrual flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Fe Trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trail that extends from Missouri to New Mexico; an important route for settlers moving west in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling film", + "clingfilm", + "Saran Wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin plastic film made of saran (trade name Saran Wrap) that sticks to itself; used for wrapping food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcenet", + "sarsenet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine soft silk fabric often used for linings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcophagus" + ], + "it": [ + "arca", + "sarcofago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone coffin (usually bearing sculpture or inscriptions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sari", + "saree" + ], + "it": [ + "sari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress worn primarily by Hindu women; consists of several yards of light material that is draped around the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarong" + ], + "it": [ + "sarong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose skirt consisting of brightly colored fabric wrapped around the body; worn by both women and men in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sash", + "window sash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework that holds the panes of a window in the window frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sash cord", + "sash line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong cord connecting a sash weight to a sliding sash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sash fastener", + "sash lock", + "window lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock attached to the sashes of a double hung window that can fix both in the shut position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sash weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counterweight for a sliding sash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sash window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window with (usually two) sashes that slide vertically to let in air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satchel" + ], + "it": [ + "cartella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luggage consisting of a small case with a flat bottom and (usually) a shoulder strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sateen" + ], + "it": [ + "rasatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cotton fabric with a satiny finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite", + "artificial satellite", + "orbiter" + ], + "it": [ + "planetoide", + "satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man-made equipment that orbits around the earth or the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite receiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receiver on a communications satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite television", + "satellite TV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television system in which the signal is transmitted to an orbiting satellite that receives the signal and amplifies it and transmits it back to earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmitter on a communications satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satin" + ], + "it": [ + "raso", + "satin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth fabric of silk or rayon; has a glossy face and a dull back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satinet", + "satinette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with a finish resembling satin but made partly or wholly from cotton or synthetic fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satin stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat stitches worked so closely as to resemble satin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satin weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weave in which the filling and warp threads intersect in such a way as to give a smooth compact surface with no distinguishable twill line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturday night special" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap handgun that is easily obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saucepan" + ], + "it": [ + "casseruola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep pan with a handle; used for stewing or boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saucepot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking pot that has handles on either side and tight fitting lid; used for stewing or boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saucer" + ], + "it": [ + "piattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shallow dish for holding a cup at the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauna", + "sweat room" + ], + "it": [ + "sauna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Finnish steam bath; steam is produced by pouring water over heated rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save-all" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a net hung between ship and pier while loading a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save-all" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sail set to catch wind spilled from a larger sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save-all" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle for catching waste products for further use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings bank", + "coin bank", + "money box", + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "dindarolo", + "salvadanaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saw" + ], + "it": [ + "sega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool having a toothed blade for cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawdust doll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doll that is stuffed with sawdust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawdust saloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saloon whose floor is covered with sawdust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawed-off shotgun" + ], + "it": [ + "lupara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shotgun with short barrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawhorse", + "horse", + "sawbuck", + "buck" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework for holding wood that is being sawed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawmill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sawing machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saw set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used to bend each alternate sawtooth at a slight angle outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawtooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serration on a saw blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sax", + "saxophone" + ], + "it": [ + "sassofono", + "sax", + "saxofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single-reed woodwind with a conical bore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saxhorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a family of brass wind instruments that resemble a bugle with valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scabbard" + ], + "it": [ + "fodero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheath for a sword or dagger or bayonet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaffold" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary arrangement erected around a building for convenience of workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaffold" + ], + "it": [ + "patibolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform from which criminals are executed (hanged or beheaded)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaffolding", + "staging" + ], + "it": [ + "impalcatura", + "ponteggio", + "armatura", + "castello", + "incastellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of scaffolds" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura provvisoria costruita con tubi di metallo (oppure pali) e tavolati di legno attorno ad un opera edile, per consentire agli operai di eseguire lavori di costruzione o riparazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala graduata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "weighing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia", + "pesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic pulse counter used to count pulses that occur too rapidly to be recorded individually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaling ladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladder used to scale walls (as in an attack)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalpel" + ], + "it": [ + "bisturi", + "elettrobisturi", + "scalpello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan", + "CAT scan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image produced by scanning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanner", + "electronic scanner" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzatore", + "scanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio receiver that moves automatically across some selected range of frequencies looking for some signal or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radar dish that rotates or oscillates in order to scan a broad area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanner", + "digital scanner", + "image scanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that generates a digital representation of an image for data input to a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scantling", + "stud" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright in house framing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scapular", + "scapulary" + ], + "it": [ + "scapolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garment consisting of a long wide piece of woolen cloth worn over the shoulders with an opening for the head; part of a monastic habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarecrow", + "straw man", + "strawman", + "bird-scarer", + "scarer" + ], + "it": [ + "spauracchio", + "spaventapasseri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effigy in the shape of a man to frighten birds away from seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarf" + ], + "it": [ + "foulard", + "sciarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment worn around the head or neck or shoulders for warmth or decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarf joint", + "scarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint made by notching the ends of two pieces of timber or metal so that they will lock together end-to-end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pin usually worn in groups of two or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter rug", + "throw rug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rug; several can be used in a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scauper", + "scorper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graver used to scoop out broad areas when engraving wood or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene", + "view" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografia", + "pittura", + "stampa", + "veduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graphic art consisting of the graphic or photographic representation of a visual percept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenery", + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "scenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenic railway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small railway in an amusement park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheduler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer hardware that arranges jobs to be done by the computer in an appropriate order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schematic", + "schematic drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagram of an electrical or mechanical system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlock", + "shlock", + "dreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merchandise that is shoddy or inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schmidt telescope", + "Schmidt camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflecting telescope that has plate that corrects for aberration so a wide area of sky can be photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school", + "schoolhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where young people receive education" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio in cui si tiene l'attività didattica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag for carrying school books and supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school bell" + ], + "it": [ + "campanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell rung to announce beginning or ending of class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school bus" + ], + "it": [ + "scuolabus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bus used to transport children to or from school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school crossing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedestrian crossing where school children cross a street on the way to school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school ship", + "training ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship used to train students as sailors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establishment including the plant and equipment for providing education from kindergarten through high school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schooner" + ], + "it": [ + "goletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sailing vessel used in former times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schooner" + ], + "it": [ + "boccale di birra", + "boccale da birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large beer glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "science museum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a museum that collects and displays objects having scientific interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used by scientists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scimitar" + ], + "it": [ + "scimitarra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved oriental saber; the edge is on the convex side of the blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillation counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counter tube in which light flashes when exposed to ionizing radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissors", + "pair of scissors" + ], + "it": [ + "forbice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool having two crossed pivoting blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclerometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that measures the hardness of materials by penetrating them with a stylus that has a diamond point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoinson arch", + "sconcheon arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch that supports part of the wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sconce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative wall bracket for holding candles or other sources of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sconce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candle or flaming torch secured in a sconce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sconce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fort or earthwork defending a ford, pass, or castle gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sconce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shelter or screen providing protection from enemy fire or from the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ladle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop", + "scoop shovel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shovel or bucket of a dredge or backhoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scooter" + ], + "it": [ + "monopattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "child's two-wheeled vehicle operated by foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scopolamine", + "hyoscine" + ], + "it": [ + "scopolamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alkaloid with anticholinergic effects that is used as a sedative and to treat nausea and to dilate the pupils in ophthalmic procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoreboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tabellone segnapunti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large board for displaying the score of a contest (and some other information)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scourge", + "flagellum" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplina", + "flagello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whip used to inflict punishment (often used for pedantic humor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scouring pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small abrasive cleaning pad used for scouring pots and pans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barge carrying bulk materials in an open hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scow" + ], + "it": [ + "barcone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various flat-bottomed boats with sloping ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that makes speech unintelligible during transmission and restores it at reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of something that is left over after the rest has been used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrapbook" + ], + "it": [ + "album di ritagli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album into which clippings or notes or pictures can be pasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scraper" + ], + "it": [ + "raschietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various hand tools for scraping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used for scratching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratchpad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a high-speed internal memory used for temporary storage of preliminary information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accurately levelled strip of material placed on a wall or floor as guide for the even application of plaster or concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering consisting of netting; can be mounted in a frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "cover", + "covert", + "concealment" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura", + "schermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering that serves to conceal or shelter something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partition consisting of a decorative frame or panel that serves to divide a space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "CRT screen" + ], + "it": [ + "schermo", + "video" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the display that is electronically created on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "silver screen", + "projection screen" + ], + "it": [ + "schermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen door", + "screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a door that consists of a frame holding metallic or plastic netting; used to allow ventilation and to keep insects from entering a building through the open door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric of metal or plastic mesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen saver" + ], + "it": [ + "screen saver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a moving design that appears on a computer screen when there has been no input for a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener with a tapered threaded shank and a slotted head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw", + "screw propeller" + ], + "it": [ + "elica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a propeller with several angled blades that rotates to push against water or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple machine of the inclined-plane type consisting of a spirally threaded cylindrical rod that engages with a similarly threaded hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwdriver" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciavite", + "giravite", + "voltavite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for driving screws; has a tip that fits into the head of a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodscrew having its shank bent into a ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench for turning a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw thread", + "thread" + ], + "it": [ + "filettatura", + "filetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the raised helical rib going around a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwtop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top of a container that must be screwed off and on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjustable wrench that has one jaw that can be adjusted by turning a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribble", + "scrabble", + "doodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aimless drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scriber", + "scribe", + "scratch awl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp-pointed awl for marking wood or metal to be cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm open-weave fabric used for a curtain in the theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimshaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carving (or engraving) on whalebone, whale ivory, walrus tusk, etc., usually by American whalers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scriptorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a monastery that is set aside for writing or copying manuscripts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purifier that removes impurities from a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub brush", + "scrubbing brush", + "scrubber" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush with short stiff bristles for heavy cleaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow woodworking plane used to cut away excess stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight flexible sandal with a sturdy sole; worn as play shoes by children and as sportswear by adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuffle", + "scuffle hoe", + "Dutch hoe" + ], + "it": [ + "sarchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hoe that is used by pushing rather than pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing shell that is propelled by sculls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of a pair of short oars that are used by a single oarsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long oar that is mounted at the stern of a boat and moved left and right to propel the boat forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scullery" + ], + "it": [ + "retrocucina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small room (in large old British houses) next to the kitchen; where kitchen utensils are cleaned and kept and other rough household jobs are done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculpture" + ], + "it": [ + "scultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-dimensional work of plastic art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scum" + ], + "it": [ + "feccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film of impurities or vegetation that can form on the surface of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scupper" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drain that allows water on the deck of a vessel to flow overboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuttle", + "coal scuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "secchio del carbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container for coal; shaped to permit pouring the coal onto the fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scyphus" + ], + "it": [ + "skyphos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek drinking cup; two handles and footed base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scythe" + ], + "it": [ + "falce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool for cutting grass; has a long handle that must be held with both hands and a curved blade that moves parallel to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea anchor", + "drogue" + ], + "it": [ + "ancora galleggiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restraint consisting of a canvas covered frame that floats behind a vessel; prevents drifting or maintains the heading into a wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seabag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical drawstring bag used by sailors to hold their clothing and other gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat that is seaworthy; that is adapted to the open seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailor's storage chest for personal property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "bollo", + "suggello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device incised to make an impression; used to secure a closing or to authenticate documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura ermetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener that provides a tight and perfect closure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finishing coat applied to exclude moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea ladder", + "sea steps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) ladder to be lowered over a ship's side for coming aboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small explosive device (resembling a firecracker) that is used underwater in order to frighten mammals away from fishing grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealing wax", + "seal" + ], + "it": [ + "cera di Spagna", + "ceralacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fastener consisting of a resinous composition that is plastic when warm; used for sealing documents and parcels and letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (as a jacket or coat or robe) made of sealskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seam" + ], + "it": [ + "cucitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaplane", + "hydroplane" + ], + "it": [ + "idrovolante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane that can land on or take off from water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "searchlight" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettore", + "riflettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light source with reflectors that projects a beam of light in a particular direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "searing iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hot iron used to destroy tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sears Tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skyscraper built in Chicago in 1974; 1454 feet tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seascape", + "waterscape" + ], + "it": [ + "marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting of the sea (as distinguished from a landscape)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any support where you can sit (especially the part of a chair or bench etc. on which you sit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ], + "it": [ + "sedile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture that is designed for sitting on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cloth covering for the buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a machine that supports or guides another part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat belt", + "seatbelt" + ], + "it": [ + "cintura di sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a safety belt used in a car or plane to hold you in your seat in case of an accident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat cushion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cushion that makes a seat more comfortable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seating", + "seats", + "seating room", + "seating area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area that includes places where several people can sit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaway", + "sea lane", + "ship route", + "trade route" + ], + "it": [ + "rotta", + "rotta marittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lane at sea that is a regularly used route for vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secateurs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pruning shears with a spring that holds the handles open and a single blade that closes against a flat surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secobarbital sodium", + "secobarbital", + "Seconal", + "red devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barbiturate that is a white odorless slightly bitter powder (trade name Seconal) used as a sodium salt for sedation and to treat convulsions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary coil", + "secondary winding", + "secondary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coil such that current is induced in it by passing a current through the primary coil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second balcony", + "family circle", + "upper balcony", + "peanut gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rearmost or uppermost area in the balcony containing the least expensive seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the base that must be touched second by a base runner in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second gear", + "second" + ], + "it": [ + "seconda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gear that has the second lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second hand" + ], + "it": [ + "lancetta dei secondi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand marking seconds on a timepiece" + ], + "it": [ + "la lancetta che indica i secondi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretary", + "writing table", + "escritoire", + "secretaire" + ], + "it": [ + "secretaire", + "secrétaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desk used for writing" + ], + "it": [ + "mobile pregiato con funzione di scrivania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section", + "segment" + ], + "it": [ + "segmento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sectional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture made up of sections that can be arranged individually or together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blanket (or toy) that a child carries around in order to reduce anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that an adult person uses to reduce anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security system", + "security measure", + "security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) a system that enforces boundaries between computer networks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedan", + "saloon" + ], + "it": [ + "berlina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that is closed and that has front and rear seats and two or four doors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedan", + "sedan chair" + ], + "it": [ + "bussola", + "portantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed litter for one passenger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedative", + "sedative drug", + "depressant", + "downer" + ], + "it": [ + "calmante", + "sedativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that reduces excitability and calms a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedative-hypnotic", + "sedative-hypnotic drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedative that depresses activity of the central nervous system and reduces anxiety and induces sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedbed" + ], + "it": [ + "semenzaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed where seedlings are grown before transplanting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil that removes seeds from fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeder" + ], + "it": [ + "seminatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that sows grass seed or grain evenly over the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missile equipped with a device that is attracted toward some kind of emission (heat or light or sound or radio waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seersucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light puckered fabric (usually striped)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seesaw", + "teeter", + "teeter-totter", + "teetertotter", + "teeterboard", + "tilting board", + "dandle board" + ], + "it": [ + "altalena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaything consisting of a board balanced on a fulcrum; the board is ridden up and down by children at either end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segmental arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow arch; an arch that is less than a semicircle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Segway", + "Segway Human Transporter", + "Segway HT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a self-balancing personal transportation device with two wheels; can operate in any level pedestrian environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seidel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass for beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fishnet that hangs vertically, with floats at the top and weights at the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seismogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the graphical record of an earth tremor made by using a seismograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seismograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the intensity and direction and duration of movements of the ground (as an earthquake)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seizing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small stuff that is used for lashing two or more ropes together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor", + "SSRI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug that acts by blocking the reuptake of serotonin so that more serotonin is available to act on receptors in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selector", + "selector switch" + ], + "it": [ + "selettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch that is used to select among alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selenium cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photoelectric cell that uses a strip of selenium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-feeder", + "feeder" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that automatically provides a supply of some material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-portrait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portrait of yourself created by yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-propelled vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle that carries in itself a means of propulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-registering thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that records the temperature automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-starter" + ], + "it": [ + "motorino d'avviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric starting motor that automatically starts an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selsyn", + "synchro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system consisting of a generator and a motor so connected that the motor will assume the same relative position as the generator; the generator and the motor are synchronized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selvage", + "selvedge" + ], + "it": [ + "cimosa", + "cimossa", + "vivagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edge of a fabric that is woven so that it will not ravel or fray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selvage", + "selvedge" + ], + "it": [ + "vivagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "border consisting of an ornamental fringe at either end of an oriental carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semaphore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for visual signaling with lights or mechanically moving arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semi-abstraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiabstract painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiautomatic firearm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autoloader that fires only one shot at each pull of the trigger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiautomatic pistol", + "semiautomatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pistol that is a semiautomatic firearm capable of loading and firing continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiconductor device", + "semiconductor unit", + "semiconductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conductor made with semiconducting material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semi-detached house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwelling that is attached to something on only one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semigloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paint that dries with a finish between glossy and flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semitrailer", + "semi" + ], + "it": [ + "semirimorchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trailer having wheels only in the rear; the front is supported by the towing vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sennit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat braided cordage that is used on ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the light sensitivity of film over a range of exposures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentry box" + ], + "it": [ + "casotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small shelter with an open front to protect a sentry from the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment that can be purchased separately and worn in combinations with other garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septic tank" + ], + "it": [ + "fossa settica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tank where solid matter or sewage is disintegrated by bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence", + "episode" + ], + "it": [ + "sequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "film consisting of a succession of related shots that develop a given subject in a movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequencer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer hardware that sorts data or programs into a predetermined sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequencer", + "sequenator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) an apparatus that can determine the sequence of monomers in a polymer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequin", + "spangle", + "diamante" + ], + "it": [ + "lustrino", + "pailette", + "paillette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adornment consisting of a small piece of shiny material used to decorate clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serape", + "sarape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long brightly colored shawl; worn mainly by Mexican men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serge" + ], + "it": [ + "serge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twilled woolen fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sewing machine that overcasts the raw edges of a fabric with a V-shaped stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial port" + ], + "it": [ + "porta seriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interface (commonly used for modems and mice and some printers) that transmits data a bit at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit having its parts connected serially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serpent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete bass cornet; resembles a snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serpent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firework that moves in serpentine manner when ignited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single notch in a row of notches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sertraline", + "Zoloft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor commonly prescribed as an antidepressant (trade name Zoloft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utensil used in serving food or drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "server", + "host" + ], + "it": [ + "server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer that provides client stations with access to files and printers as shared resources to a computer network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service", + "table service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio da tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recreational center for servicemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service door", + "service entrance", + "servant's entrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance intended for the use of servants or for delivery of goods and removal of refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station where gasoline and oil are sold and facilities are available for repairing or maintaining automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serving cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handcart for serving food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serving dish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish used for serving food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servo", + "servomechanism", + "servosystem" + ], + "it": [ + "servomeccanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control system that converts a small mechanical motion into one requiring much greater power; may include a negative feedback system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio radiotelevisivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set-back", + "setoff", + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure where a wall or building narrows abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set decoration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration used as part of the set of a theatrical or movie production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set gun", + "spring gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun that is set to fire on any intruder that comes in contact with the wire that sets it off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of scenery intended to stand alone as part of the stage setting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setscrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw (often without a head) that fits into the boss or hub of a wheel or cam etc. and prevents motion of the part relative to the shaft on which it is mounted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setscrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screw that is used to adjust the tension on a spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set square" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "squadra da disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a try square with an adjustable sliding head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settee" + ], + "it": [ + "canapè", + "divano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sofa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "settee" + ], + "it": [ + "panca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long wooden bench with a back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settlement house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center in an underprivileged area that provides community services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seven-spot", + "seven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck with seven pips on the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventy-eight", + "78" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shellac based phonograph record that played at 78 revolutions per minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World", + "Seven Wonders of the World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impressive monuments created in the ancient world that were regarded with awe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewage disposal plant", + "disposal plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant for disposing of sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewage farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm that is irrigated and fertilized with raw sewage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewage system", + "sewer system", + "sewage works" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facility consisting of a system of sewers for carrying off liquid and solid sewage" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilimento per la depurazione dei liquami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewer", + "sewerage", + "cloaca" + ], + "it": [ + "cloaca", + "fogna", + "fognatura", + "rete fognaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waste pipe that carries away sewage or surface water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewer main", + "sewer line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a main in a sewage system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing", + "stitchery" + ], + "it": [ + "cucito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlework on which you are working with needle and thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing basket" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cestino del cucito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workbasket in which sewing materials can be stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing kit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kit of articles used in sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina da cucire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile machine used as a home appliance for sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a needle used in sewing to pull thread through cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room set aside for sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing stitch", + "embroidery stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stitch made with thread and a threaded sewing needle through fabric or leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextant" + ], + "it": [ + "sestante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the angular distance between celestial objects; resembles an octant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sgraffito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceramic or mural decoration made by scratching off a surface layer to reveal the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shackle", + "bond", + "hamper", + "trammel" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a U-shaped bar; the open end can be passed through chain links and closed with a bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ], + "it": [ + "maschera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering that protects something from direct sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of the effect of shadows in a picture or drawing (as by shading or darker pigment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow rectangular box with a transparent front used to protect and display small items (jewelry, coins, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft" + ], + "it": [ + "manico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long rod or pole (especially the handle of an implement or the body of a weapon like a spear or arrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft" + ], + "it": [ + "cunicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long vertical passage sunk into the earth, as for a mine or tunnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft", + "scape" + ], + "it": [ + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) upright consisting of the vertical part of a column" + ], + "it": [ + "parte centrale della colonna, tra la base ed il capitello" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical passageway through a building (as for an elevator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric with long coarse nap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag rug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rug with long pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container in which something can be shaken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shampoo" + ], + "it": [ + "shampoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleansing agent consisting of soaps or detergents used for washing the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank", + "waist" + ], + "it": [ + "fiosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the narrow part of the shoe connecting the heel and the wide part of the sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ], + "it": [ + "gambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylinder forming the part of a bit by which it is held in the drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylinder forming the part of a bolt between the thread and the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank", + "stem" + ], + "it": [ + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylinder forming a long narrow part of something" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto o parte di esso che ha forma allungata e funzione di sostegno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shantung" + ], + "it": [ + "sciantun", + "sciantung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy silk fabric with a rough surface (or a cotton imitation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaper", + "shaping machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine tool for shaping metal or wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaping tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for shaping metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shard", + "sherd", + "fragment" + ], + "it": [ + "coccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broken piece of a brittle artifact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharkskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth crisp fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin sewing needle with a sharp point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpener" + ], + "it": [ + "affilatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any implement that is used to make something (an edge or a point) sharper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow-draft sailboat with a sharp prow, flat bottom, and triangular sail; formerly used along the northern Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sharpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen with indelible ink that will write on any surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpshooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast schooner once used by New England fisherman for illegal fishing in Canadian waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaver", + "electric shaver", + "electric razor" + ], + "it": [ + "rasoio elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a razor powered by an electric motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaving brush" + ], + "it": [ + "pennello da barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brush used to apply lather prior to shaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaving cream", + "shaving soap" + ], + "it": [ + "crema da barba", + "sapone da barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toiletry consisting of a preparation of soap and fatty acids that forms a rich lather for softening the beard before shaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaving foam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toiletry consisting of a liquid preparation containing many small bubbles that soften the beard before shaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shawl" + ], + "it": [ + "scialle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloak consisting of an oblong piece of cloth used to cover the head and shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shawm" + ], + "it": [ + "cennamella", + "ceramella", + "ciaramella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval oboe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large edge tool that cuts sheet metal by passing a blade through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shears" + ], + "it": [ + "cesoie", + "trancia", + "tranciatrice", + "forbici da tosatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large scissors with strong blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheath" + ], + "it": [ + "fodero", + "guaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering (as for a knife or sword)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheathing", + "overlay", + "overlayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering consisting, for example, of a layer of boards applied to the studs and joists of a building to strengthen it and serve as a foundation for a weatherproof exterior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shed" + ], + "it": [ + "capannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outbuilding with a single story; used for shelter or storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell hung round the neck of a sheep so that the sheep can be easily located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepshank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot for shortening a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepskin coat", + "afghan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coat made of sheepskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepwalk", + "sheeprun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farm devoted to raising sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet", + "bed sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "lenzuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bed linen consisting of a large rectangular piece of cotton or linen cloth; used in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet", + "tack", + "mainsheet", + "weather sheet", + "shroud" + ], + "it": [ + "mura", + "scotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a line (rope or chain) that regulates the angle at which a sail is set in relation to the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet", + "flat solid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat artifact that is thin relative to its length and width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet anchor", + "waist anchor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spare anchor for use in emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet bend", + "becket bend", + "weaver's knot", + "weaver's hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hitch used for temporarily tying a rope to the middle of another rope (or to an eye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric from which bed sheets are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate iron thinner than tank iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet metal" + ], + "it": [ + "bandone", + "lamiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet of metal formed into a thin plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet pile", + "sheath pile", + "sheet piling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pile in a row of piles driven side by side to retain earth or prevent seepage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sheetrock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of plasterboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular spider web woven in a single plane and looking like flattened hammocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelf" + ], + "it": [ + "cartelliera", + "mensola", + "palchetto", + "ripiano", + "scaffale", + "scansia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a support that consists of a horizontal surface for holding objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelf bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bracket to support a shelf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "bossolo", + "bussolo", + "proiettile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell", + "case", + "casing" + ], + "it": [ + "custodia", + "mantello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the housing or outer covering of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell", + "racing shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very light narrow racing boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellac", + "shellac varnish" + ], + "it": [ + "flatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin varnish made by dissolving lac in ethanol; used to finish wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell plating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plates covering the frame of a steel ship and corresponding to the planking of a wooden ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crochet stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelter" + ], + "it": [ + "rifugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelter" + ], + "it": [ + "ricovero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering that provides protection from the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary housing for homeless or displaced persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheltered workshop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workshop that offers jobs to members of the physically or developmentally disabled population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sheraton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a furniture style that originated in England around 1800; simple in design with straight lines and classical ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shield", + "buckler" + ], + "it": [ + "scudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor carried on the arm to intercept blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shield" + ], + "it": [ + "scudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering or structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shielding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shield of lead or concrete intended as a barrier to radiation emitted in nuclear decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shielding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shield consisting of an arrangement of metal mesh or plates designed to protect electronic equipment from ambient electromagnetic interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift key", + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the key on the typewriter keyboard that shifts from lower-case letters to upper-case letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) register in which all bits can be shifted one or more positions to the left or to the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shillelagh", + "shillalah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cudgel made of hardwood (usually oak or blackthorn)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin wedge of material (wood or metal or stone) for driving into crevices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small signboard outside the office of a lawyer or doctor, e.g." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shin guard", + "shinpad" + ], + "it": [ + "parastinchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff protective garment worn by hockey players or a catcher in baseball to protect the shins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship" + ], + "it": [ + "bastimento", + "nave", + "naviglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel that carries passengers or freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipboard system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system designed to work as a coherent entity on board a naval ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship canal", + "shipway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal large enough for seagoing vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping", + "cargo ships", + "merchant marine", + "merchant vessels" + ], + "it": [ + "naviglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance provided by the ships belonging to one country or industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the office of a shipping agent; an office where seamen are hired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where goods are packaged and shipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship-towed long-range acoustic detection system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard system consisting of an acoustic detection system that is towed behind the ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrecked ship (or a part of one)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipyard" + ], + "it": [ + "cantiere", + "cantiere navale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workplace where ships are built or repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirt" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment worn on the upper half of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirt button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a button on a shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtdress" + ], + "it": [ + "chemisier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dress that is tailored like a shirt and has buttons all the way down the front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtfront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of a shirt (usually the part not covered by a jacket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fabrics used to make men's shirts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtsleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sleeve of a shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirttail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric forming the tail of a shirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtwaist", + "shirtwaister" + ], + "it": [ + "chemisier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blouse with buttons down the front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock absorber", + "shock", + "cushion" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe" + ], + "it": [ + "scarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(card games) a case from which playing cards are dealt one at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive device concealed inside the heel and sole of a shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoebox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblong rectangular (usually cardboard) box designed to hold a pair of shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoebox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure resembling a shoebox (as a rectangular building or a cramped room or compartment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoehorn" + ], + "it": [ + "calzante", + "calzascarpe", + "calzatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used for easing the foot into a shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoelace", + "shoe lace", + "shoestring", + "shoe string" + ], + "it": [ + "laccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lace used for fastening shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe shop", + "shoe-shop", + "shoe store" + ], + "it": [ + "calzoleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop where shoes are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoetree" + ], + "it": [ + "tendiscarpe", + "forma per scarpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden or metal device that is inserted into a shoe to preserve its shape when it is not being worn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shofar", + "shophar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient musical horn made from the horn of a ram; used in ancient times by the Israelites to sound a warning or a summons; used in synagogues today on solemn occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a translucent screen made of a wooden frame covered with rice paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoofly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's rocking chair with the seat built between two flat sides that are shaped to resemble an animal (such as a swan or duck)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting brake" + ], + "it": [ + "break", + "famigliare", + "familiare", + "liftback", + "station wagon", + "auto modello familiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "another name for a station wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting gallery", + "shooting range" + ], + "it": [ + "poligono di tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed firing range with targets for rifle or handgun practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building (usually abandoned) where drug addicts buy and use heroin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting lodge", + "shooting box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small country house used by hunters during the shooting season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device that resembles a spiked walking stick but the top opens into a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop", + "store" + ], + "it": [ + "bottega", + "esercizio", + "negozio", + "spaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell attached to the door of a small shop; warns the proprietor that a customer has entered the shop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace consisting of the part of a factory housing the machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopfront", + "storefront" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "facciata di negozio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front side of a store facing the street; usually contains display windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commodities purchased from stores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping bag" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa", + "borsa della spesa", + "sporta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag made of plastic or strong paper (often with handles); used to transport goods after shopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handbasket used to carry goods while shopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handcart that holds groceries or other goods while shopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore", + "shoring" + ], + "it": [ + "puntello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam or timber that is propped against a structure to provide support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short circuit", + "short" + ], + "it": [ + "corto", + "corto circuito", + "cortocircuito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accidental contact between two points in an electric circuit that have a potential difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortcut", + "cutoff", + "crosscut" + ], + "it": [ + "scorciatoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a route shorter than the usual one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron with a short shaft and pitched face; for hitting short high shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transportation system that operates over relatively short distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short pants", + "shorts", + "trunks" + ], + "it": [ + "bermuda", + "calzoncini", + "calzoncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers that end at or above the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short sleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleeve extending from the shoulder to the elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortwave diathermy machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diathermy machine that uses short wave radiation as the source of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot", + "pellet" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo", + "pallino", + "piombo", + "sparo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid missile discharged from a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive charge used in blasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment consisting of a heavy metal ball used in the shot put" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot glass", + "jigger", + "pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small glass adequate to hold a single swallow of whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shotgun", + "scattergun" + ], + "it": [ + "fucile da caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firearm that is a double-barreled smoothbore shoulder weapon for firing shot at short ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shotgun shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell containing lead shot; used in shotguns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drill hole for a charge of an explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tower of a kind once used to make shot; molten lead was poured through a sieve and dropped into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder", + "berm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow edge of land (usually unpaved) along the side of a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a garment that covers or fits over the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder bag" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa a tracolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large handbag that can be carried by a strap looped over the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder board", + "shoulder mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epaulets that indicate rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shouldered arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch consisting of a horizontal lintel supported at each end by corbels that project into the aperture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder holster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holster worn over your shoulder so a gun can be concealed under your jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder pad" + ], + "it": [ + "spallina imbottita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a hard rounded pad worn by football players to protect their shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patch worn on the shoulder of a military uniform to indicate rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel" + ], + "it": [ + "badile", + "pala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for lifting loose material; consists of a curved container or scoop and a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel" + ], + "it": [ + "paletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire iron consisting of a small shovel used to scoop coals or ashes in a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff broad-brimmed hat with the brim turned up at the sides and projecting in front; worn by some clergymen in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river steamboat on which theatrical performances could be given (especially on the Mississippi River)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower" + ], + "it": [ + "doccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumbing fixture that sprays water over you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower cap" + ], + "it": [ + "cuffia da doccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight cap worn to keep hair dry while showering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower curtain" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tenda per doccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curtain that keeps water from splashing out of the shower area" + ], + "it": [ + "le tende che impediscono all'acqua di uscire dall'area della doccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showerhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perforated nozzle that showers water on a bather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room with several showers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower stall", + "shower bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "booth for washing yourself, usually in a bathroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showroom", + "salesroom", + "saleroom" + ], + "it": [ + "sala d'esposizione", + "showroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where merchandise (such as cars) can be displayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrapnel" + ], + "it": [ + "shrapnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shell containing lead pellets that explodes in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shredder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that shreds documents (usually in order to prevent the wrong people from reading them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel engaged in shrimping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrine" + ], + "it": [ + "santuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of worship hallowed by association with some sacred thing or person" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio o complesso di edifici considerati sacri per la presenza della divinità o di una entità soprannaturale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink-wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clinging transparent plastic film that is used to shrinkwrap something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shroud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that suspends the harness from the canopy of a parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "implant consisting of a tube made of plastic or rubber; for draining fluids within the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunt", + "electrical shunt", + "bypass" + ], + "it": [ + "derivazione", + "shunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to divert a fraction of the current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "locomotiva da manovra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small locomotive used to move cars around but not to make trips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutter" + ], + "it": [ + "anta", + "battente", + "chiudenda", + "chiudendola", + "imposta", + "persiana", + "scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged blind for a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutter" + ], + "it": [ + "otturatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device on a camera that opens and closes to control the time of a photographic exposure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutting post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gatepost against which the gate closes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "navetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bobbin that passes the weft thread between the warp threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public transport that consists of a bus or train or airplane that plies back and forth between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle bus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shuttle consisting of a bus that travels between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttlecock", + "bird", + "birdie", + "shuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "volano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "badminton equipment consisting of a ball of cork or rubber with a crown of feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle helicopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helicopter that shuttles back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siamese", + "siamese connection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet with two or more couplings to which a hose can be attached so that fire engines can pump water into the sprinkler system of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sibley tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light conical canvas tent erected on a tripod with ventilation at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick bag", + "sickbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag provided on an airplane for passengers who are suffering from airsickness and need to vomit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickbay", + "sick berth" + ], + "it": [ + "infermeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a room for the treatment of the sick or injured (as on a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickbed" + ], + "it": [ + "capezzale", + "letto di ammalato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bed on which a sick person lies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickle", + "reaping hook", + "reap hook" + ], + "it": [ + "falce", + "falcetto", + "falciola", + "roncola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool for cutting grass or crops; has a curved blade and a short handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickroom" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "stanza di malato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room to which a sick person is confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended outer surface of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideboard" + ], + "it": [ + "sponda laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that forms part of the side of a bed or crib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideboard" + ], + "it": [ + "sponda laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable board fitted on the side of a wagon to increase its capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidecar" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozzino", + "motosidecar", + "sidecar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conveyance consisting of a small carrier attached to the side of a motorcycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side chapel" + ], + "it": [ + "cappella laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small chapel off the side aisle of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side door", + "side entrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exterior door at one side of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidelight", + "running light" + ], + "it": [ + "luce di posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light carried by a boat that indicates the boat's direction; vessels at night carry a red light on the port bow and a green light on the starboard bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auxiliary line of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket on the side of a billiard table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side road" + ], + "it": [ + "strada secondaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor road branching off of a main road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidesaddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saddle for a woman; rider sits with both feet on the same side of the horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street intersecting a main street and terminating there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidewalk", + "pavement" + ], + "it": [ + "marciapiede", + "marciapiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk consisting of a paved area for pedestrians; usually beside a street or roadway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall that forms the side of a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of an automobile tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side-wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paddle steamer having a paddle wheel on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidewinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air-to-air missile with infrared homing device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grounds at either side of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siding", + "railroad siding", + "turnout", + "sidetrack" + ], + "it": [ + "binario di raccordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short stretch of railroad track used to store rolling stock or enable trains on the same line to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siege Perilous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legendary seat at King Arthur's Round Table reserved for the knight who would find the Holy Grail; it was fatal for anyone else to sit in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siegfried line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German fortifications facing the Maginot Line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieve", + "screen" + ], + "it": [ + "buratto", + "crivello", + "passino", + "setaccio", + "staccio", + "tamiso", + "vaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strainer for separating lumps from powdered material or grading particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sifter" + ], + "it": [ + "buratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a household sieve (as for flour)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument for aiding the eye in aiming, as on a firearm or surveying instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight setting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the adjustment of a gunsight for elevation and windage on a particular range under favorable light conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoidoscope", + "flexible sigmoidoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endoscope (a flexible fiberoptic probe) for examining the sigmoid colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal box", + "signal tower" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina di manovra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building from which signals are sent to control the movements of railway trains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signaling device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used to send signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signboard", + "sign" + ], + "it": [ + "cartello", + "cartellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure displaying a board on which advertisements can be posted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seal (especially one used to mark documents officially)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signet ring", + "seal ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello sigillo", + "anello con sigillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring bearing a signet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sildenafil", + "sildenafil citrate", + "Viagra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "virility drug (trade name Viagra) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silencer", + "muffler" + ], + "it": [ + "marmitta", + "silenziatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubular acoustic device inserted in the exhaust system that is designed to reduce noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silencer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short tube attached to the muzzle of a gun that deadens the sound of firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silent butler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small receptacle with a handle and a hinged lid; used for collecting crumbs or ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silesia" + ], + "it": [ + "silesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy twill-weave cotton fabric; used for pockets and linings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacuum coffee maker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silhouette" + ], + "it": [ + "silhouette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing of the outline of an object; filled in with some uniform color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk" + ], + "it": [ + "seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made from the fine threads produced by certain insect larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightly colored garments of a jockey; emblematic of the stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkscreen", + "silk screen print", + "serigraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made using a stencil process in which an image or design is superimposed on a very fine mesh screen and printing ink is squeegeed onto the printing surface through the area of the screen that is not covered by the stencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structural member consisting of a continuous horizontal timber forming the lowest member of a framework or supporting structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silo" + ], + "it": [ + "silo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical tower used for storing silage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military installation consisting of an underground structure where ballistic missiles can be stored and fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver medal", + "silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trophy made of silver (or having the appearance of silver) that is usually awarded for winning second place in a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where silver ore is dug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin layer of silver deposited on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware that is plated with silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing made on specially prepared paper with an instrument having a silver tip (15th and 16th centuries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver protein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloid preparation of protein (albumin or gelatin) and silver oxide; used in aqueous solution as an antibacterial agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverware" + ], + "it": [ + "argenteria", + "argenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tableware made of silver or silver plate or pewter or stainless steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorative work made of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple pendulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical pendulum suspended by a weightless frictionless thread of constant length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulator" + ], + "it": [ + "simulatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that simulates an environment for the purpose of training or research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simvastatin", + "Zocor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral lipid-lowering medicine (trade name Zocor) administered to reduce blood cholesterol levels; recommended after heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single bed" + ], + "it": [ + "letto a una piazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed for one occupant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-breasted jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jacket having fronts that overlap only enough for a single row of buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-breasted suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suit having a single-breasted jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single crochet", + "single stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crochet stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single prop", + "single-propeller plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a propeller plane with a single propeller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-reed instrument", + "single-reed woodwind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beating-reed instrument with a single reed (as a clarinet or saxophone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-rotor helicopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helicopter having a single rotor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singlestick", + "fencing stick", + "backsword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick used instead of a sword for fencing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singlet", + "vest", + "undershirt" + ], + "it": [ + "camiciola", + "maglia", + "maglietta", + "maglia intima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collarless men's undergarment for the upper part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the playing card that is the only card in a suit held in a bridge hand as initially dealt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink" + ], + "it": [ + "acquaio", + "lavandino", + "lavello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plumbing fixture consisting of a water basin fixed to a wall or floor and having a drainpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weight that sinks (as to hold nets or fishing lines under water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinusoidal projection", + "Sanson-Flamsteed projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equal-area map projection showing parallels and the equator as straight lines and other meridians as curved; used to map tropical latitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siphon", + "syphon" + ], + "it": [ + "sifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube running from the liquid in a vessel to a lower level outside the vessel so that atmospheric pressure forces the liquid through the tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acoustic device producing a loud often wailing sound as a signal or warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sister ship" + ], + "it": [ + "nave gemella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that is one of two or more similar ships built at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sistine Chapel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the private chapel of the popes in Rome; it was built by and named after Sixtus IV in 1473" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stringed instrument of India; has a long neck and movable frets; has 6 or 7 metal strings for playing and usually 13 resonating strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitz bath", + "hip bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bathtub in which your buttocks and hips are immersed as if you were sitting in a chair and you bathe in a sitting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "six-pack", + "six pack", + "sixpack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carton containing six bottles or cans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixpenny nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nail 2 inches long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "six-spot", + "six" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card or domino or die whose upward face shows six pips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical measuring stick used by shoe fitters to measure the length and width of your foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skate" + ], + "it": [ + "patino", + "pattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment that is worn on the feet to enable the wearer to glide along and to be propelled by the alternate actions of the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skateboard" + ], + "it": [ + "skate-board", + "skateboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board with wheels that is ridden in a standing or crouching position and propelled by foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeen arch", + "skene arch", + "scheme arch", + "diminished arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch whose height is less than half its width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brace that extends from the rear of the keel to support the rudderpost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skein" + ], + "it": [ + "matassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coils of worsted yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton", + "skeletal frame", + "frame", + "underframe" + ], + "it": [ + "carcassa", + "intelaiatura", + "ossatura", + "scheletro", + "struttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton key" + ], + "it": [ + "passe-partout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passkey with much of the bit filed away so that it can open different locks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domed beehive made of twisted straw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large round wicker basket (used on farms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch", + "study" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzetto", + "studio", + "abbozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preliminary drawing for later elaboration" + ], + "it": [ + "disegno preparatorio eseguito prima di realizzare un’opera d’arte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketchbook", + "sketch block", + "sketch pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing sheets of paper on which sketches can be drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for sketching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a map drawn from observation (rather than from exact measurements) and representing the main features of an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skew arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch whose jambs are not at right angles with the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skewer" + ], + "it": [ + "spiedino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long pin for holding meat in position while it is being roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski" + ], + "it": [ + "sci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow wood or metal or plastic runners used in pairs for gliding over snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski binding", + "binding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of mechanical devices that are attached to a ski and that will grip a ski boot; the bindings should release in case of a fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skibob" + ], + "it": [ + "ski-bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle resembling a bicycle but having skis instead of wheels; the rider wears short skis for balancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i58999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski boot" + ], + "it": [ + "scarpone da sci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff boot that is fastened to a ski with a ski binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski cap", + "stocking cap", + "toboggan cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close-fitting woolen cap; often has a tapering tail with a tassel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of planks used to make a track for rolling or sliding objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skidder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tractor used to haul logs over rough terrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid lid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crash helmet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skidpan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paved surface on which cars can be made to skid so that drivers can practice controlling them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road made of logs on which freshly cut timber can be hauled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skiff" + ], + "it": [ + "skiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small boats propelled by oars or by sails or by a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski jump" + ], + "it": [ + "trampolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep downward ramp from which skiers jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski lodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel at a ski resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woolen face mask to protect the face from cold while skiing on snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking utensil used to skim fat from the surface of liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer surface (usually thin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag serving as a container for liquids; it is made from the hide of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski parka", + "ski jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parka to be worn while skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski-plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane equipped with skis so it can land on a snowfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski pole" + ], + "it": [ + "bastoncino", + "bastoncino da sci", + "racchetta", + "racchetta da sci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pole with metal points used as an aid in skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carrier for holding skis on top of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirt" + ], + "it": [ + "gonna", + "gonnella", + "sottana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment hanging from the waist; worn mainly by girls and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth covering that forms the part of a garment below the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirt of tasses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the body below the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski run", + "ski trail" + ], + "it": [ + "pista", + "pista da sci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trail or slope prepared for skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski tow", + "ski lift", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "impianto di risalita", + "sciovia", + "ski-lift", + "ski lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powered conveyance that carries skiers up a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skivvies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "men's underwear consisting of cotton T-shirt and shorts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skull and crossbones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emblem warning of danger or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skullcap" + ], + "it": [ + "papalina", + "zucchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rounded brimless cap fitting the crown of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skybox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevated box for viewing events at a sports stadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyhook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hook that is imagined to be suspended from the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyhook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "helicopter carrying a reel of steel cable that can be used to lift and transport heavy objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skylab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States space station; in orbit from 1973 to 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skylight", + "fanlight" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaino", + "lucernaio", + "lucernario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window in a roof to admit daylight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyrocket", + "rocket" + ], + "it": [ + "razzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sends a firework display high into the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skysail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sail above the royal on a square-rigger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyscraper" + ], + "it": [ + "grattacielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very tall building with many stories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skywalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevated walkway between buildings (usually enclosed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slab" + ], + "it": [ + "lastra", + "lastrone", + "piastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block consisting of a thick piece of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord or rope or cable that is hanging loosely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slacks" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pantaloni casual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually in the plural) pants for casual wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casual dress consisting of slacks and matching jacket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slapstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acoustic device consisting of two paddles hinged together; used by an actor to make a loud noise without inflicting injury when striking someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon (a sword or dagger) used for slashing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket in a garment (usually below the waist) to which access is provided by a vertical or diagonal slit in the outside of the garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slat", + "spline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strip (wood or metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate" + ], + "it": [ + "lavagnetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a writing tablet made of slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pencil of soft slate (or soapstone) used for writing on a slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roof covered with slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marketplace where slaves were auctioned off (especially in the southern United States before the American Civil War)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship used to transport slaves from their homes to places of bondage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sled", + "sledge", + "sleigh" + ], + "it": [ + "slitta", + "treggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture that can be opened up into a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pajamas with feet; worn by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping bag" + ], + "it": [ + "sacco a pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large padded bag designed to be slept in outdoors; usually rolls up like a bedroll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping car", + "sleeper", + "wagon-lit" + ], + "it": [ + "vagone letto", + "wagon-lit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger car that has berths for sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping pill", + "sleeping tablet", + "sleeping capsule", + "sleeping draught" + ], + "it": [ + "sonnifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soporific drug in the form of a pill (or tablet or capsule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeve", + "arm" + ], + "it": [ + "manica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small case into which an object fits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleigh bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed with solid headboard and footboard that roll outward at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleigh bell", + "cascabel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell attached to a sleigh, or to the harness of a horse that is pulling a sleigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spatula for spreading paint or ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "iron bar used to loosen and rake clinkers out of furnaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knife especially designed for slicing particular foods, as cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slicer" + ], + "it": [ + "affettatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for cutting; usually with a revolving blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trowel used to make a surface slick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film of oil or garbage floating on top of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide", + "lantern slide" + ], + "it": [ + "diapositiva", + "slide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparency mounted in a frame; viewed with a slide projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide", + "microscope slide" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flat rectangular piece of glass on which specimens can be mounted for microscopic study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide", + "playground slide", + "sliding board" + ], + "it": [ + "taboga", + "toboga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a sloping chute down which children can slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide fastener", + "zip", + "zipper", + "zip fastener" + ], + "it": [ + "cerniera", + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener for locking together two toothed edges by means of a sliding tab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide projector" + ], + "it": [ + "diaproiettore", + "proiettore per diapositive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "projector that projects an enlarged image of a slide onto a screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide rule", + "slipstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analog computer consisting of a handheld instrument used for rapid calculations; have been replaced by pocket calculators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valve that opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliding door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a door that opens by sliding instead of swinging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliding seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rower's seat that slides fore and aft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliding window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window that open by sliding horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling", + "scarf bandage", + "triangular bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bandage to support an injured forearm; consisting of a wide triangular piece of cloth hanging from around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple weapon consisting of a looped strap in which a projectile is whirled and then released" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slingback", + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe that has a strap that wraps around the heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slinger ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispenser consisting of a tubular ring around the propeller hub of an airplane through which antifreeze solution is spread over the blades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slingshot", + "sling", + "catapult" + ], + "it": [ + "fionda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaything consisting of a Y-shaped stick with elastic between the arms; used to propel small stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "slip of paper" + ], + "it": [ + "foglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sheet of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip clutch", + "slip friction clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friction clutch that will slip when the torque is too great" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip coach", + "slip carriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railway car at the end of the train; it can be detached without stopping the train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipcover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a removable fitted cloth covering for upholstered furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip-joint pliers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pliers with a joint adjustable to two positions in order to increase the opening of the jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipknot" + ], + "it": [ + "cappio", + "nodo scorsoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot at the end of a cord or rope that can slip along the cord or rope around which it is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article of clothing (garment or shoe) that is easily slipped on or off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipper", + "carpet slipper" + ], + "it": [ + "babbuccia", + "ciabatta", + "pantofola", + "pianella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low footwear that can be slipped on and off easily; usually worn indoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connection consisting of a metal ring on a rotating part of a machine; provides a continuous electrical connection through brushes on stationary contacts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose stitch catching only a thread or two of fabric; designed to be invisible from the right side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "fendimento", + "fenditura", + "fessura", + "spacco", + "varco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ophthalmology) a lamp that emits a narrow but intense beam of light that enables an ophthalmologist, using a microscope, to view the retina and optic nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow trench for shelter in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloop" + ], + "it": [ + "sloop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with a single mast set about one third of the boat's length aft of the bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloop of war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing or steam warship having cannons on only one deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop basin", + "slop bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl into which the dregs of teacups and coffee cups are emptied at the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commissary maintained aboard merchant ships to sell merchandise to the crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop pail", + "slop jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pail used to receive waste water from a washbasin or chamber pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheap clothing (as formerly issued to sailors in Britain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slopshop", + "slopseller's shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store that sells cheap ready-made clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot" + ], + "it": [ + "feritoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small slit (as for inserting a coin or depositing mail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot", + "one-armed bandit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slot machine that is used for gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot", + "expansion slot" + ], + "it": [ + "slot di espansione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer) a socket in a microcomputer that will accept a plug-in circuit board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot machine", + "coin machine" + ], + "it": [ + "slot machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that is operated by the insertion of a coin in a slot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traffic lane for vehicles that are moving slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "match or fuse made to burn slowly and evenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluice", + "sluiceway", + "penstock" + ], + "it": [ + "cataratta", + "cateratta", + "chiusa", + "canale di chiusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduit that carries a rapid flow of water controlled by a sluicegate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluicegate", + "sluice valve", + "floodgate", + "penstock", + "head gate", + "water gate" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavica", + "paratoia", + "cataratta", + "cateratta", + "chiusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulator consisting of a valve or gate that controls the rate of water flow through a sluice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "barca da pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing ship (usually rigged like a sloop or cutter) used in fishing and sailing along the coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small boat" + ], + "it": [ + "barchetta", + "imbarcazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat that is small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small computer system interface", + "SCSI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interface consisting of a standard port between a computer and its peripherals that is used in some computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that is small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small stores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal items conforming to regulations that are sold aboard ship or at a naval base and charged to the person's pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any light rope used on shipboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smart bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that can be guided (by a laser beam or radio) to its target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelling bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle containing smelling salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelter", + "smeltery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial plant for smelting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroidery consisting of ornamental needlework on a garment that is made by gathering the cloth tightly in stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke bomb", + "smoke grenade" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba fumogena", + "candelotto fumogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that gives off thick smoke when it explodes; used to make a smoke screen or to mark a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vent (as in a roof) for smoke to escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smokehouse", + "meat house" + ], + "it": [ + "affumicatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small house where smoke is used to cure meat or fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoker", + "smoking car", + "smoking carriage", + "smoking compartment" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozza fumatori", + "carrozza per fumatori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger car for passengers who wish to smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke screen", + "smokescreen" + ], + "it": [ + "cortina fumogena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) screen consisting of a cloud of smoke that obscures movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smokestack", + "stack" + ], + "it": [ + "ciminiera", + "fumaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large tall chimney through which combustion gases and smoke can be evacuated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoking mixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blend of tobaccos to be smoked in a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoking room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "room in a hotel or club set apart for smokers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothbore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firearm that has no rifling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth plane", + "smoothing plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plane for finish work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snack bar", + "snack counter", + "buffet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually inexpensive bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snaffle", + "snaffle bit" + ], + "it": [ + "filetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple jointed bit for a horse; without a curb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something long, thin, and flexible that resembles a snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "snap fastener", + "press stud" + ], + "it": [ + "bottone a pressione", + "bottone automatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener used on clothing; fastens with a snapping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap brim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brim that can be turned up and down on opposite sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap-brim hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat with a snap brim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapshot", + "snap", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "istantanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal photograph; usually made with a small hand-held camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snare", + "gin", + "noose" + ], + "it": [ + "archetto", + "laccio", + "lacciolo", + "trappola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap for birds or small mammals; often has a slip noose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snare" + ], + "it": [ + "corda di tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strings stretched across the lower head of a snare drum; they make a rattling sound when the drum is hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument consisting of wire hoop that can be drawn tight around the base of polyps or small tumors to sever them; used especially in body cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snare drum", + "snare", + "side drum" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piccolo tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small drum with two heads and a snare stretched across the lower head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatch block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pulley-block that can be opened to receive the bight of a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snellen chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display consisting of a printed card with letters and numbers in lines of decreasing size; used to test visual acuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snifter", + "brandy snifter", + "brandy glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globular glass with a small top; used for serving brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snip", + "snippet", + "snipping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of anything (especially a piece that has been snipped off)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniper rifle", + "precision rifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely powerful rifle developed for the military; capable of destroying light armored vehicles and aircraft more than a mile away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snips", + "tinsnips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) hand shears for cutting sheet metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sno-cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of snowmobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental net in the shape of a bag that confines a woman's hair; pins or ties at the back of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorkel", + "schnorkel", + "schnorchel", + "snorkel breather", + "breather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air passage provided by a retractable device containing intake and exhaust pipes; permits a submarine to stay submerged for extended periods of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorkel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathing device consisting of a bent tube fitting into a swimmer's mouth and extending above the surface; allows swimmer to breathe while face down in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is extraordinary or remarkable or prominent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla di neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snow pressed into a ball for throwing (playfully)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowbank", + "snow bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound or heap of snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that resembles a broad ski or a small surfboard; used in a standing position to slide down snow-covered slopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowman" + ], + "it": [ + "pupazzo di neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure of a person made of packed snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowmobile" + ], + "it": [ + "motoslitta", + "gatto delle nevi", + "veicolo da neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tracked vehicle for travel on snow having skis in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowplow", + "snowplough" + ], + "it": [ + "spartineve", + "spazzaneve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle used to push snow from roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowshoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device to help you walk on deep snow; a lightweight frame shaped like a racquet is strengthened with cross pieces and contains a network of thongs; one is worn on each foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowsuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's overgarment for cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow thrower", + "snow blower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that removes snow by scooping it up and throwing it forcefully through a chute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow tire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automobile pneumatic tire with deep tread to give traction in snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff" + ], + "it": [ + "tabacco da fiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finely powdered tobacco for sniffing up the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffbox" + ], + "it": [ + "tabacchiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ornamental box for carrying snuff in your pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cone-shaped implement with a handle; for extinguishing candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scissors for cropping and holding the snuff of a candlewick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap" + ], + "it": [ + "sapone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleansing agent made from the salts of vegetable or animal fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap", + "scoop", + "max", + "liquid ecstasy", + "grievous bodily harm", + "goop", + "Georgia home boy", + "easy lay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "street names for gamma hydroxybutyrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crate for packing soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap dish" + ], + "it": [ + "portasapone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bathroom or kitchen fixture for holding a bar of soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap dispenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispenser of liquid soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film left on objects after they have been washed in soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap flakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soap that has been cut into flakes to make suds faster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleaning pad containing soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap powder", + "built-soap powder", + "washing powder" + ], + "it": [ + "detersivo in polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soap in powdered form mixed with alkaline builders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soccer ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflated ball used in playing soccer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sock" + ], + "it": [ + "calza", + "calzetta", + "calzino", + "pedalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hosiery consisting of a cloth covering for the foot; worn inside the shoe; reaches to between the ankle and the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socket" + ], + "it": [ + "attacco", + "innesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle into which an electric device can be inserted" + ], + "it": [ + "dispositivo che consente l’inserzione di apparecchi specialmente elettrici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receptacle where something (a pipe or probe or end of a bone) is inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socket wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with a handle onto which sockets of different sizes can be fitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain plinth that supports a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda can" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a can for holding soft drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda fountain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for dispensing soda water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda fountain" + ], + "it": [ + "chiosco delle bibite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counter where ice cream and sodas and sundaes are prepared and served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sod house", + "soddy", + "adobe house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house built of sod or adobe laid in horizontal courses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium salicylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline salt used as an analgesic and antipyretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium thiopental", + "phenobarbital", + "phenobarbitone", + "Luminal", + "purple heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-acting barbiturate used as a sedative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodium-vapor lamp", + "sodium-vapour lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamp in which an electric current passed through a tube of sodium vapor makes a yellow light; used is street lighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sofa", + "couch", + "lounge" + ], + "it": [ + "canapè", + "divano", + "sofà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upholstered seat for more than one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soffit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the underside of a part of a building (such as an arch or overhang or beam etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softball", + "playground ball" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "palla da softball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball used in playing softball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug of abuse that is considered relatively mild and not likely to cause addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft pedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedal on a piano that moves the action closer to the strings and so soften the sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft soap", + "green soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft (or liquid) soap made from vegetable oils; used in certain skin diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "software package", + "software product" + ], + "it": [ + "pacchetto di software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merchandise consisting of a computer program that is offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drain that conveys liquid waste from toilets, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar array", + "solar battery", + "solar panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device consisting of a large array of connected solar cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar cell", + "photovoltaic cell" + ], + "it": [ + "cellula fotoelettrica", + "cellula solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that converts solar energy into electrical energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar dish", + "solar collector", + "solar furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave mirror that concentrates the rays of the sun; can produce high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar heater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heater that makes direct use of solar energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house designed to use solar radiation for heating; usually has large areas of glass in front of heat-absorbing materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telescope designed to make observations of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar thermal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that converts sunlight into heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldering iron" + ], + "it": [ + "saldatoio", + "saldatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool with a heatable tip; used to melt and apply solder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sole" + ], + "it": [ + "suola", + "pianta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the underside of footwear or a golf club" + ], + "it": [ + "parte inferiore della calzatura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solenoid" + ], + "it": [ + "solenoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coil of wire around an iron core; becomes a magnet when current passes through the coil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitaire" + ], + "it": [ + "solitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gem (usually a diamond) in a setting by itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solleret", + "sabaton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the foot; consists of mail with a solid toe and heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sombrero" + ], + "it": [ + "sombrero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straw hat with a tall crown and broad brim; worn in American southwest and in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonar", + "echo sounder", + "asdic" + ], + "it": [ + "ecogoniometro", + "ecometro", + "ecoscandaglio", + "sonar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonic depth finder", + "fathometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depth finder for determining depth of water or a submerged object by means of ultrasound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonogram", + "echogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image of a structure that is produced by ultrasonography (reflections of high-frequency sound waves); used to observe fetal growth or to study bodily organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that uses the differential transmission and reflection of ultrasonic waves in order to provide an image of a bodily organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soothing syrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine in the form of a syrup that has a calming effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soporific", + "hypnotic" + ], + "it": [ + "ipnotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that induces sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for sorting things (such as punched cards or letters) into classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open-air market in an Arabian city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact (the part of a bell) against which the clapper strikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soundbox", + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa", + "cassa armonica", + "cassa di risonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resonating chamber in a musical instrument (as the body of a violin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie camera that records sounds in synchrony with the visual images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for making soundings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion-picture film with sound effects and dialogue recorded on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound hole" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in a soundboard (as of a violin) designed to resonate with the tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding board", + "soundboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola armonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) resonator consisting of a thin board whose vibrations reinforce the sound of the instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal bob at the end of a sounding line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a research rocket used to obtain information about the atmosphere at various altitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound recording", + "audio recording", + "audio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording of acoustic signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound spectrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectrograph for acoustic spectra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soundtrack" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna sonora", + "sonoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound recording on a narrow strip of a motion picture film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound truck" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "furgone pubblicitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck equipped with a loudspeaker and used for advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl for serving soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup ladle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ladle for serving soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup plate" + ], + "it": [ + "fondina", + "piatto fondo", + "scodella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep plate with a wide rim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soupspoon", + "soup spoon" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaio da minestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon with a rounded bowl for eating soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source" + ], + "it": [ + "fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility where something is available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source of illumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any device serving as a source of visible electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourdine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ stop resulting in a soft muted sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourdine", + "sordino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mute for a violin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soutache" + ], + "it": [ + "treccina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow braid used as a decorative trimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soutane" + ], + "it": [ + "sottana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long cassock with buttons down the front; worn by Roman Catholic priests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sou'wester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterproof hat with wide slanting brim longer in back than in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soybean future" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soybeans bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bar-shaped typewriter key that introduces spaces when used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space capsule", + "capsule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spacecraft designed to transport people and support human life in outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacecraft", + "ballistic capsule", + "space vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "astronave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craft capable of traveling in outer space; technically, a satellite around the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space heater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heater consisting of a self-contained (usually portable) unit to warm a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space helmet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helmet worn by astronauts while in outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Space Needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower 605 feet tall in Seattle; a tourist attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space probe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket-propelled guided missile that can escape the earth's atmosphere; makes observations of the solar system that cannot be made by terrestrial observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket powerful enough to travel into outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space shuttle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reusable spacecraft with wings for a controlled descent through the Earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space station", + "space platform", + "space laboratory" + ], + "it": [ + "laboratorio spaziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manned artificial satellite in a fixed orbit designed for scientific research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacesuit" + ], + "it": [ + "scafandro", + "tuta spaziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pressure suit worn by astronauts while in outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spade" + ], + "it": [ + "vanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sturdy hand shovel that can be pushed into the earth with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card in the major suit that has one or more black figures on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spade bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin bit with a center point and cutting edges on either side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complicated highway interchange with multiple overpasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spandau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German machine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spandex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elastic synthetic fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spandrel", + "spandril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approximately triangular surface area between two adjacent arches and the horizontal plane above them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fore-and-aft sail set on the aftermost lower mast (usually the mizzenmast) of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ], + "it": [ + "asta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout rounded pole of wood or metal used to support rigging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare part", + "spare" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo di ricambio", + "ricambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extra component of a machine or other apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparge pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal pipe having fine holes drilled throughout its length so as to deliver a spray of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark arrester", + "sparker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wire net to stop sparks from an open fireplace or smokestack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark arrester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device to reduce sparking when electrical contacts are opened or closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark chamber", + "spark counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that detects ionizing radiation from elementary particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an induction coil used to create sparks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gap between two high-potential terminals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark gap" + ], + "it": [ + "spinterometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component of an ignition system; consists of two shaped electrodes and the space between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firework that burns slowly and throws out a shower of sparks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark lever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(on early automobiles) a lever mounted on the steering column and used to adjust the timing of the ignition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark plug", + "sparking plug", + "plug" + ], + "it": [ + "candela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine and ignites the gas by means of an electric spark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkplug wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench for removing or tightening spark plugs into the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early radio transmitter using a discharge across a spark gap as the source of its power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat", + "gaiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth covering (a legging) that covers the instep and ankles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatula" + ], + "it": [ + "spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool with a thin flexible blade used to mix or spread soft substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turner with a narrow flexible blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speakeasy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(during prohibition) an illegal barroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speakerphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone with a microphone and loudspeaker; can be used without picking up a handset; several people can participate in a call at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speaking trumpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trumpet-shaped acoustic device to intensify and direct the human voice; formerly held to the ear by a hard-of-hearing person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speaking tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube for conveying the sound of a voice from one room to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spear", + "lance", + "shaft" + ], + "it": [ + "lancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spear", + "gig", + "fizgig", + "fishgig", + "lance" + ], + "it": [ + "arpione", + "lancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement with a shaft and barbed point used for catching fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearhead", + "spearpoint", + "spear-point" + ], + "it": [ + "punta di lancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head and sharpened point of a spear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialty store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a store that sells only one kind of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specific" + ], + "it": [ + "specifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specimen bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle for holding urine specimens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate and remarkable display on a lavish scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacles", + "specs", + "eyeglasses", + "glasses" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical instrument consisting of a frame that holds a pair of lenses for correcting defective vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectator pump", + "spectator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's pump with medium heel; usually in contrasting colors for toe and heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectinomycin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic used to treat gonorrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrogram", + "spectrograph" + ], + "it": [ + "spettogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographic record of a spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectroscope by which spectra can be photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrophotometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photometer for comparing two light radiations wavelength by wavelength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectroscope", + "prism spectroscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical instrument for spectrographic analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument for dilating a bodily passage or cavity in order to examine the interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mirror (especially one made of polished metal) for use in an optical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speedboat" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoribordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast motorboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed bump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hindrance to speeding created by a crosswise ridge in the surface of a roadway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speedometer", + "speed indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter fixed to a vehicle that measures and displays its speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed skate", + "racing skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice skate with a long blade; worn for racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speedway" + ], + "it": [ + "motodromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racetrack for racing automobiles or motorcycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speedway" + ], + "it": [ + "strada a scorrimento veloce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "road where high speed driving is allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banca del seme", + "banca dello sperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository for storing sperm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermicide", + "spermatocide" + ], + "it": [ + "spermicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contraceptive agent that kills spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any spherically shaped artifact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the curvature of a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphinx" + ], + "it": [ + "sfinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of large stone statues with the body of a lion and the head of a man that were built by the ancient Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphygmomanometer" + ], + "it": [ + "sfigmomanometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pressure gauge for measuring blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spicemill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill for grinding spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice rack" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for displaying containers filled with spices" + ], + "it": [ + "mensolina portaspezie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skillet made of cast iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider web", + "spider's web" + ], + "it": [ + "ragnatela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a web spun by spiders to trap insect prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider web", + "spider's web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a web resembling the webs spun by spiders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment consisting of a sharp point on the sole of a shoe worn by athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large stout nail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike", + "spindle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any holding device consisting of a rigid, sharp-pointed object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long, thin sharp-pointed implement (wood or metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp-pointed projection along the top of a fence or wall (or a dinosaur)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of the sharp points on the soles of athletic shoes to prevent slipping (or the shoes themselves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike heel", + "spike", + "stiletto heel" + ], + "it": [ + "tacco a spillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very high narrow heel on women's shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike mike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contact microphone for listening through walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spillway", + "spill", + "wasteweir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel that carries excess water over or around a dam or other obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal anesthetic", + "spinal anaesthetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anesthetic that is injected into the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindle" + ], + "it": [ + "caviglia", + "cavigliatoio", + "fuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick or pin used to twist the yarn in spinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindle", + "mandrel", + "mandril", + "arbor" + ], + "it": [ + "mandrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rotating shafts that serve as axes for larger rotating parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of wood that has been turned on a lathe; used as a baluster, chair leg, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin dryer", + "spin drier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clothes dryer that uses centrifugal motion to dry the clothes that are put into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spine", + "backbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a book's cover that encloses the inner side of the book's pages and that faces outward when the book is shelved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early model harpsichord with only one string per note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinet" + ], + "it": [ + "spinetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and compactly built upright piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinnaker" + ], + "it": [ + "spinnaker", + "vela a pallone", + "vela a fiocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and usually triangular headsail; carried by a yacht as a headsail when running before the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinner" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's lure; revolves when drawn through the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "board game equipment that consists of a dial and an arrow that is spun to determine the next move in the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spinning machine that draws, twists, and winds yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning jenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early spinning machine with multiple spindles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning machine" + ], + "it": [ + "filatoio", + "filiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile machine for spinning yarn and thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishing rod designed for casting a spinning lure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinning wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "filatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small domestic spinning machine with a single spindle that is driven by hand or foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral", + "volute" + ], + "it": [ + "spirale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornament consisting of a curve on a plane that winds around a center with an increasing distance from the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblique bandage in which successive turns overlap preceding turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral ratchet screwdriver", + "ratchet screwdriver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screwdriver with a ratchet (so the blade turns in only one direction) and a spiral in the handle (so the blade rotates) with downward pressure on the handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spring that is wound like a spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada a spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that burns a volatile liquid fuel such as alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit stove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stove that burns a volatile liquid fuel such as alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording of breathing made with a spirograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for recording the depth and rapidity of breathing movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit" + ], + "it": [ + "girarrosto", + "menarrosto", + "schidione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skewer for holding meat over a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projectile made by chewing a piece of paper and shaping it into a sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spittoon", + "cuspidor" + ], + "it": [ + "padellina", + "sputacchiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptacle for spit (usually in a public place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splashboard", + "splasher", + "dashboard" + ], + "it": [ + "cruscotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering consisting of a panel to protect people from the splashing water or mud etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering over or beside a wheel to protect the upper part of a vehicle from splashes of mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slat of wood in the middle of the back of a straight chair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splay" + ], + "it": [ + "strombatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outward bevel around a door or window that makes it seem larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splice", + "splicing" + ], + "it": [ + "giunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction where two things (as paper or film or magnetic tape) have been joined together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splicer" + ], + "it": [ + "giuntatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for joining two pieces of paper or film or magnetic tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible strip (wood or rubber) used in drawing curved lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splint" + ], + "it": [ + "ferula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orthopedic mechanical device used to immobilize and protect a part of the body (as a broken leg)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(tenpin bowling) a divided formation of pins left standing after the first bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split rail", + "fence rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rail that is split from a log" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brand of fine English porcelain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoiler" + ], + "it": [ + "diruttore", + "disruttore", + "spoiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged airfoil on the upper surface of an aircraft wing that is raised to reduce lift and increase drag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoiler" + ], + "it": [ + "alettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airfoil mounted on the rear of a car to reduce lift at high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoke", + "wheel spoke", + "radius" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spokeshave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plane that has a handle on each side of its blade; used for shaping or smoothing cylindrical wooden surfaces (originally wheel spokes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any soft porous fabric (especially in a loose honeycomb weave)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge mop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wet mop with a sponge as the absorbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoon" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoon" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza da golf a cucchiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a golfing wood with an elevated face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trademark for a plastic eating utensil that has both tines and a bowl like a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fur or leather pouch worn at the front of the kilt as part of the traditional dress of Scottish Highlanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporting goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment sold as a commodity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport kite", + "stunt kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maneuverable kite controlled by two lines and flown with both hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports car", + "sport car" + ], + "it": [ + "automobile sportiva", + "vettura sportiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small low car with a high-powered engine; usually seats two persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment needed to participate in a particular sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports implement" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo sportivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used in a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sportswear", + "athletic wear", + "activewear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attire worn for sport or for casual wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport utility", + "sport utility vehicle", + "S.U.V.", + "SUV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-performance four-wheel drive car built on a truck chassis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business establishment for entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card with a specified number of pips on it to indicate its value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotlight", + "spot" + ], + "it": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that produces a strong beam of light to illuminate a restricted area; used to focus attention of a stage performer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market in which a commodity is bought or sold for immediate delivery or delivery in the very near future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot weld", + "spot-weld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of the welds made by welding at a separate point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spout" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "beccuccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening that allows the passage of liquids or grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spouter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil well that is spouting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chock or bar wedged under a wheel or between the spokes to prevent a vehicle from rolling down an incline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ], + "it": [ + "frasca", + "ramoscello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower arrangement consisting of a single branch or shoot bearing flowers and foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an applicator resembling a gun for applying liquid substances (as paint) in the form of a spray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint applied with a spray gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spreader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for spreading something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornament that resembles a spray of leaves or flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring" + ], + "it": [ + "molla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal elastic device that returns to its shape or position when pushed or pulled or pressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring balance", + "spring scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balance that measure weight by the tension on a helical spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springboard" + ], + "it": [ + "pedana", + "trampolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible board for jumping upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springer", + "impost" + ], + "it": [ + "imposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest stone in an arch -- from which it springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring mattress" + ], + "it": [ + "materasso a molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mattress containing springs in a rigid frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device that attaches to a garden hose for watering lawn or garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkler system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for extinguishing fires; water from a network of overhead pipes is released through nozzles that open automatically with the rise in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light spar that crosses a fore-and-aft sail diagonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spritsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fore-and-aft sail extended by a sprit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprocket", + "sprocket wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin wheel with teeth that engage with a chain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roller that has teeth on the rims to pull film or paper through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spud", + "stump spud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp hand shovel for digging out roots and weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spun yarn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) small stuff consisting of a lightweight rope made of several rope yarns loosely wound together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur", + "gad" + ], + "it": [ + "sperone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp prod fixed to a rider's heel and used to urge a horse onward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur gear", + "spur wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear wheels that mesh in the same plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sputnik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian artificial satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a satellite with sensors to detect nuclear explosions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft padded sofa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squad room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a barracks where soldiers are billeted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squad room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a police station where members of the force assemble for roll call and duty assignments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool consisting of two straight arms at right angles; used to construct or test right angles" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento da disegno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ], + "it": [ + "casella", + "scacco", + "casa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact having a shape similar to a plane geometric figure with four equal sides and four right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double knot made of two half hitches and used to join the ends of two cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut with a square shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square-rigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square-rigged sailing ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a four-sided sail set beneath a horizontal yard suspended at the middle from a mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash ball" + ], + "it": [ + "pallina da squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rubber ball used in playing squash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash court" + ], + "it": [ + "campo da squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the indoor court in which squash is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash racket", + "squash racquet", + "bat" + ], + "it": [ + "racchetta da squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small racket with a long handle used for playing squash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squawk box", + "squawker", + "intercom speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loudspeaker on an intercom or public address system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact that makes a squeaking sound when used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeegee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "T-shaped cleaning implement with a rubber edge across the top; drawn across a surface to remove water (as in washing windows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeezer" + ], + "it": [ + "spremiagrumi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil for squeezing juice from fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squelch circuit", + "squelch", + "squelcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric circuit that cuts off a receiver when the signal becomes weaker than the noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firework consisting of a tube filled with powder (as a broken firecracker) that burns with a fizzing noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saquinavir", + "Invirase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak protease inhibitor (trade name Invirase) used in treating HIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small arch built across the interior angle of two walls (usually to support a spire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel cage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cage with a cylindrical framework that rotates as a small animal runs inside it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture having fixed units (usually constructed of sheet metal) and attached to a fixed support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilizer", + "stabiliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for making something stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilizer" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "airfoil consisting of a device for stabilizing an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilizer bar", + "anti-sway bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid metal bar between the front suspensions and between the rear suspensions of cars and trucks; serves to stabilize the chassis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stable", + "stalls", + "horse barn" + ], + "it": [ + "scuderia", + "stalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm building for housing horses or other livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stable gear", + "saddlery", + "tack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear for a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accommodation for animals (especially for horses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stacked heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heel made of many layers of leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stacks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "storage space in a library consisting of an extensive arrangement of bookshelves where most of the books are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a base or platform on which hay or corn is stacked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stadium", + "bowl", + "arena", + "sports stadium" + ], + "it": [ + "stadio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments" + ], + "it": [ + "una grande struttura per sports all'aria aperta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong rod or stick with a specialized utilitarian purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage" + ], + "it": [ + "palco scenico", + "palcoscenico", + "scena", + "palco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large platform on which people can stand and can be seen by an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage", + "microscope stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small platform on a microscope where the specimen is mounted for examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagecoach", + "stage" + ], + "it": [ + "diligenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large coach-and-four formerly used to carry passengers and mail on regular routes between towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage door" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ingresso degli artisti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance to the backstage area of theater; used by performers and other theater personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage set", + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stained-glass window" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrata", + "vetrata colorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window made of stained glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stair-carpet" + ], + "it": [ + "passatoia", + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of carpet for laying on stairs" + ], + "it": [ + "tappeto lungo e stretto da stendere per ornamento, nelle cerimonie, o in segno di particolare rigurado nei confronti di qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stairhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platform at the top of a staircase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stair-rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod that holds a stair-carpet in the angle between two steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stairs", + "steps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flight of stairs or a flight of steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stairway", + "staircase" + ], + "it": [ + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of access (upward and downward) consisting of a set of steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stairwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical well around which there is a stairway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end so it can be driven into the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake" + ], + "it": [ + "palo del rogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalking-horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screen consisting of a figure of a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall", + "stand", + "sales booth" + ], + "it": [ + "bancarella", + "bancherella", + "banco", + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booth where articles are displayed for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ], + "it": [ + "box", + "stalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compartment in a stable where a single animal is confined and fed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic apparatus used for strengthening exercises; uprights fastened to a wall and connected by horizontal rungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seating in the forward part of the main level of a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stammel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse woolen cloth formerly used for undergarments and usually dyed bright red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "bollo", + "conio", + "punzone", + "timbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block or die used to imprint a mark or design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp", + "pestle" + ], + "it": [ + "pestello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine consisting of a heavy bar that moves vertically for pounding or crushing ores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp album" + ], + "it": [ + "album per francobolli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album for stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp mill", + "stamping mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill in which ore is crushed with stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamping machine", + "stamper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power tool that stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stanchion" + ], + "it": [ + "candeliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any vertical post or rod used as a support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ], + "it": [ + "gradinata", + "spalti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiered seats consisting of a structure (often made of wood) where people can sit to watch an event (game or parade)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small table for holding articles of various kinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard", + "banner" + ], + "it": [ + "insegna", + "labaro", + "pennone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distinctive flag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright pole or beam (especially one used as a support)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary cell used as a standard of electromotive force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "railroad track having the standard width of 56.5 inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard transmission", + "stick shift" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio manuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission that is operated manually with a gear lever and a clutch pedal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that can be relied on when needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lifesize cardboard cutout (usually of a celebrity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large printing press that exerts pressure vertically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing room" + ], + "it": [ + "posto in piedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "room for passengers or spectators to stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standpipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Andrew's cross", + "saltire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross resembling the letter x, with diagonal bars of equal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanford University", + "Stanford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stanhope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light open horse-drawn carriage with two or four wheels and one seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanley Steamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steam-powered automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staple" + ], + "it": [ + "graffa", + "graffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper fastener consisting of a short length of U-shaped wire that can fasten papers together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staple" + ], + "it": [ + "cambretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short U-shaped wire nail for securing cables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staple gun", + "staplegun", + "tacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-held machine for driving staples home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stapler", + "stapling machine" + ], + "it": [ + "cucitrice", + "graffatrice", + "pinzatrice", + "spillatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that inserts staples into sheets of paper in order to fasten them together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starboard" + ], + "it": [ + "dritta", + "tribordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right side of a ship or aircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel rock drill with a star-shaped point that is used for making holes in stones or masonry; it is operated by hitting the end with a hammer while rotating it between blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stars and Bars", + "Confederate flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first flag of the Confederate States of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starship", + "spaceship" + ], + "it": [ + "aeronave", + "astronave", + "cosmonave", + "spazionave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spacecraft designed to carry a crew into interstellar space (especially in science fiction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starter", + "starter motor", + "starting motor" + ], + "it": [ + "avviamento", + "avviatore", + "motorino d'avviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric motor for starting an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block providing bracing for a runner's feet at start of a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting gate", + "starting stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable barrier on the starting line of a race course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stash house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house where weapons and supplies are hidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stassano furnace", + "electric-arc furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric furnace in which an electric arc provides the source of heat for making steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Statehouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building in which a state legislature meets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stately home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mansion that is (or formerly was) occupied by an aristocratic family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state prison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prison maintained by a state of the U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stateroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guest cabin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "static line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord used instead of a ripcord to open a parachute; the cord is attached at one end to the aircraft and temporarily attached to the pack of a parachute at the other; it opens the parachute after the jumper is clear of the plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "static tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument used to measure static pressure in a stream of fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "station" + ], + "it": [ + "stazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Station of the Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of any of the 14 stages in Christ's journey to Calvary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stator", + "stator coil" + ], + "it": [ + "statore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device consisting of the stationary part of a motor or generator in or around which the rotor revolves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statue" + ], + "it": [ + "statua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sculpture representing a human or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Statue of Liberty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large monumental statue symbolizing liberty on Liberty Island in New York Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stave", + "lag" + ], + "it": [ + "doga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several thin slats of wood forming the sides of a barrel or bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ], + "it": [ + "sartia", + "straglio", + "strallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) brace consisting of a heavy rope or wire cable used as a support for a mast or spar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strip of metal or bone that is used to stiffen a garment (e.g. a corset)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staysail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fore-and-aft sail set on a stay (as between two masts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steakhouse", + "chophouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant that specializes in steaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp table knife used in eating steak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stealth aircraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft designed in accordance with technology that makes detection by radar difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stealth bomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomber that is difficult to detect by radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stealth fighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter that is difficult to detect by radar; is built for precise targeting and uses laser-guided bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam bath", + "steam room", + "vapor bath", + "vapour bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room that can be filled with steam in which people bathe; `vapour bath' is a British term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamboat" + ], + "it": [ + "battello", + "piroscafo", + "vapore", + "nave a vapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat propelled by a steam engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chamber from which steam is distributed to a cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam engine" + ], + "it": [ + "locomotiva a vapore", + "vaporiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external-combustion engine in which heat is used to raise steam which either turns a turbine or forces a piston to move up and down in a cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamer", + "steamship" + ], + "it": [ + "motonave", + "piroscafo", + "transatlantico", + "vapore", + "vaporetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship powered by one or more steam engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooking utensil that can be used to cook food by steaming it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam heat", + "steam heating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heating system in which steam is generated in boilers and piped to radiators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro a vapore", + "ferro da stiro a vapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pressing iron that can emit steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam line", + "steam pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe conducting steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam locomotive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive powered by a steam engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroller", + "road roller" + ], + "it": [ + "compressore", + "compressore stradale", + "livellatrice", + "rullo compressore", + "schiacciasassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vehicle equipped with heavy wide smooth rollers for compacting roads and pavements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamship company", + "steamship line" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia di navigazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line responsible for the operation of a fleet of steamships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam shovel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power shovel that is driven by steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turbine in which steam strikes blades and makes them turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whistle in which the sound is produced by steam; usually attached to a steam boiler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel" + ], + "it": [ + "affilacoltelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knife sharpener consisting of a ridged steel rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel arch bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel bridge constructed in the form of an arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel drum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concave percussion instrument made from the metal top of an oil drum; has an array of flattened areas that produce different tones when struck (of Caribbean origin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engraving on a steel plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel engraving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression taken from an engraved steel plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel mill", + "steelworks", + "steel plant", + "steel factory" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory where steel is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate of steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap made of steel with a strong spring and sharp toothlike projections to hold the prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel-wool pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abrader consisting of a pad of steel wool used for polishing or smoothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steelyard", + "lever scale", + "beam scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable balance consisting of a pivoted bar with arms of unequal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel (usually a pot or vat) used for steeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeple", + "spire" + ], + "it": [ + "cuspide", + "guglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall tower that forms the superstructure of a building (usually a church or temple) and that tapers to a point at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steerage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cheapest accommodations on a passenger ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering gear" + ], + "it": [ + "timoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gear that couples the steering wheel to the steering linkage of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanism consisting of a system of rods and levers connected to the front wheels of a motor vehicle; the steering gear pushes it left or right which swivels the front wheels, causing the vehicle to turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering system", + "steering mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism by which something is steered (especially a motor vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering wheel", + "wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "sterzo", + "volante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handwheel that is used for steering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stele", + "stela" + ], + "it": [ + "stele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient upright stone slab bearing markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem" + ], + "it": [ + "cannuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tube of a tobacco pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for removing stems from fruit (as from grapes or apples)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miner's tamping bar for ramming packing in over a blasting charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem-winder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch that is wound by turning a knob at the stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stencil" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice", + "stampino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of material (metal, plastic, cardboard, waxed paper, silk, etc.) that has been perforated with a pattern (printing or a design); ink or paint can pass through the perforations to create the printed pattern on the surface below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sten gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight British submachine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for typewriting shorthand characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender tube inserted inside a tubular body part (as a blood vessel) to provide support during and after surgical anastomosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step", + "stair" + ], + "it": [ + "gradino", + "scalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of a place to rest the foot while ascending or descending a stairway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid block joined to the beams in which the heel of a ship's mast or capstan is fixed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step-down transformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transformer that reduces voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepper", + "stepping motor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motor (especially an electric motor) that moves or rotates in small discrete steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step ladder", + "stepladder" + ], + "it": [ + "scala a libretto", + "scaleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folding portable ladder hinged at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stool that has one or two steps that fold under the seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step-up transformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transformer that increases voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stereo", + "stereophony", + "stereo system", + "stereophonic system" + ], + "it": [ + "stereo", + "impianto stereo", + "impianto stereofonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproducer in which two microphones feed two or more loudspeakers to give a three-dimensional effect to the sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stereo", + "stereoscopic picture", + "stereoscopic photograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two photographs taken from slightly different angles that appear three-dimensional when viewed together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stereoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "stereoscopio", + "stereovisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for viewing stereoscopic photographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stern", + "after part", + "quarter", + "poop", + "tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rear part of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stern chaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval gun able to fire astern at a ship in chase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternpost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the principal upright timber at the stern of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternwheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paddle steamer having the paddle wheel in the stern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stethoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "stetoscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stewing pan", + "stewpan" + ], + "it": [ + "casseruola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saucepan used for stewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement consisting of a length of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin implement resembling a length of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick", + "control stick", + "joystick" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "barra di comando", + "cloche", + "joystick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever used by a pilot to control the ailerons and elevators of an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long implement (usually made of wood) that is shaped so that hockey or polo players can hit a puck or ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing of a human or animal that represents the head by a circle and the rest of the body by straight lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's plaything consisting on an imitation horse's head on one end of a stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative pin that is worn in a necktie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upright that is a member in a door or window frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiletto" + ], + "it": [ + "stiletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dagger with a tapered blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still" + ], + "it": [ + "alambicco", + "distillatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus used for the distillation of liquids; consists of a vessel in which a substance is vaporized by heat and a condenser where the vapor is condensed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a static photograph (especially one taken from a movie and used for advertising purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still life" + ], + "it": [ + "natura morta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting of inanimate objects such as fruit or flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stillroom", + "still room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pantry or storeroom connected with the kitchen (especially in a large house) for preparing tea and beverages and for storing liquors and preserves and tea etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stillson wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pipe wrench with L-shaped adjustable jaws that tighten as pressure on the handle is increased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stilt" + ], + "it": [ + "trampolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two stout poles with foot rests in the middle; used for walking high above the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulant", + "stimulant drug", + "excitant" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitante", + "stimolante", + "stimolatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that temporarily quickens some vital process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable low altitude surface-to-air missile system using infrared guidance and an impact fuse; fired from the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stink bomb", + "stench bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "fialetta puzzolente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bomb designed to give off a foul odor when it explodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that gives off an offensive odor (especially a cheap cigar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used for stirring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirrup", + "stirrup iron" + ], + "it": [ + "staffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of metal loops into which rider's feet go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirrup pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand-operated reciprocating pump; used in fighting fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stitch" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a link or loop or knot made by an implement in knitting, crocheting, embroidery, or sewing" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto di filo tirato tra due forellini nella stoffa mediante un ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short straight stick of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "inventory" + ], + "it": [ + "giacenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the merchandise that a shop has on hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle end of some implements or tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "gunstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the handle of a handgun or the butt end of a rifle or shotgun or part of the support of a machine gun or artillery gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lumber used in the construction of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortification consisting of a fence made of a line of stout posts set firmly for defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockcar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boxcar with latticed sides; for transporting livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing car with the basic chassis of a commercially available car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car kept in dealers' stock for regular sales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock exchange", + "stock market", + "securities market" + ], + "it": [ + "borsa", + "borsa valori", + "mercato azionario", + "mercato borsistico", + "mercato dei titoli", + "mercato mobiliare", + "operazione di borsa", + "mercato finanziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange where security trading is conducted by professional stockbrokers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockinet", + "stockinette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knit used especially for infants' wear and undergarments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockinette stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knitting stitch having alternate rows of knit stitches and purl stitches, producing a fabric as for stockings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocking" + ], + "it": [ + "calza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close-fitting hosiery to cover the foot and leg; come in matched pairs (usually used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock-in-trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any equipment constantly used as part of a profession or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockpot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pot used for preparing soup stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockroom", + "stock room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "storeroom for storing goods and supplies used in a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former instrument of punishment consisting of a heavy timber frame with holes in which the feet (and sometimes the hands) of an offender could be locked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frame for constraining an animal while it is receiving veterinary attention or while being shod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frame that supports a boat while it is under construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock saddle", + "Western saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamented saddle used by cowboys; has a high horn to hold the lariat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockyard" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto per il bestiame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclosed yard where cattle, pigs, horses, or sheep are kept temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stogy", + "stogie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap cigar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stokehold", + "stokehole", + "fireroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) chamber or compartment in which the furnaces of a ship are stoked or fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for stoking a furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stole" + ], + "it": [ + "stola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide scarf worn about their shoulders by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garment consisting of a V-shaped panel of stiff material worn over the chest and stomach in the 16th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suction pump used to remove the contents of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "building material consisting of a piece of rock hewn in a definite shape for a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence built of rough stones; used to separate fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoneware" + ], + "it": [ + "gres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceramic ware that is fired in high heat and vitrified and nonporous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonework" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "lavoro in muratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masonry done with stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool" + ], + "it": [ + "panchetto", + "sgabello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple seat without a back or arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool pigeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dummy pigeon used to decoy others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop", + "stoep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small porch or set of steps at the front entrance of a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "registro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a knob on an organ that is pulled to change the sound quality from the organ pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop bath", + "short-stop", + "short-stop bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acid bath used to stop the action of a developer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopcock", + "cock", + "turncock" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavetta", + "robinetto", + "rubinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "faucet consisting of a rotating device for regulating flow of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) a playing card with a value sufficiently high to insure taking a trick in a particular suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopper knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knot that prevents a rope from passing through a hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopwatch", + "stop watch" + ], + "it": [ + "cronometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timepiece that can be started or stopped for exact timing (as of a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage battery", + "accumulator" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voltaic battery that stores electric charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage cell", + "secondary cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that can be recharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container consisting of a set of magnets set in a doughnut-shaped ring around which charged particles from an accelerator can be kept circulating until they are used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area in any structure that provides space for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storehouse", + "depot", + "entrepot", + "storage", + "store" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "magazzino", + "rimessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository for goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storeroom", + "storage room", + "stowage" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "ripostiglio", + "sgabuzzino", + "spogliatoio", + "stanzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which things are stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm cellar", + "cyclone cellar", + "tornado cellar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underground shelter where you can go until a storm passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extra outer door for protection against severe weather or winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm window", + "storm sash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window outside an ordinary window to protect against severe weather or winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoup", + "stoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basin for holy water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoup" + ], + "it": [ + "caraffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic drinking vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stove" + ], + "it": [ + "stufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any heating apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stove", + "kitchen stove", + "range", + "kitchen range", + "cooking stove" + ], + "it": [ + "fornello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance used for cooking food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stove bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small machine bolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stovepipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chimney consisting of a metal pipe of large diameter that is used to connect a stove to a flue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stovepipe iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate iron that is thinner than tank iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stradavarius", + "Strad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violin made by Antonio Stradivari or a member of his family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straightaway", + "straight" + ], + "it": [ + "dirittura", + "rettifilo", + "rettilineo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight segment of a roadway or racecourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight chair", + "side chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight-backed chair without arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straightedge" + ], + "it": [ + "regolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool consisting of a flat rigid rectangular bar (metal or wood) that can be used to draw straight lines (or test their straightness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straightener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for straightening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight flute", + "straight-fluted drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock drill with flutes that are straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pin consisting of a short straight stiff piece of wire with a pointed end; used to fasten pieces of cloth or paper together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight razor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a razor with a straight cutting edge enclosed in a case that forms a handle when the razor is opened for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strainer" + ], + "it": [ + "colabrodo", + "colino", + "colo", + "passino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter to retain larger pieces while smaller pieces and liquids pass through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain gauge", + "strain gage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge for measuring strain in a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straitjacket", + "straightjacket" + ], + "it": [ + "camicia di forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment similar to a jacket that is used to bind the arms tightly against the body as a means of restraining a violent person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strand" + ], + "it": [ + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line consisting of a complex of fibers or filaments that are twisted together to form a thread or a rope or a cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip consisting of a strip of leather used in flogging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ], + "it": [ + "cinghia", + "cinghietta", + "cinturino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated leather strip (or a strip of similar material) for binding things together or holding something in position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap", + "shoulder strap" + ], + "it": [ + "bretella", + "cinghia", + "spallina", + "tracolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band that goes over the shoulder and supports a garment or bag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ], + "it": [ + "manopola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hanger consisting of a loop of leather suspended from the ceiling of a bus or train; passengers hold onto it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap hinge", + "joint hinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinge with two long straps; one strap is fastened to the surface of a moving part (e.g., a door or lid) and the other is fastened to the adjacent stationary frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strapless" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's garment that exposes the shoulders and has no shoulder straps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw", + "drinking straw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin paper or plastic tube used to suck liquids into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamer fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial fly that has wings extending back beyond the crook of the fishhook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a streamlined train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street" + ], + "it": [ + "strada", + "via", + "strada urbana", + "strada di città" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings" + ], + "it": [ + "terreno di uso pubblico, opportunamente pavimentato che consente l'accesso agli edifici di un centro abitato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a thoroughfare between the sidewalks; the part of the thoroughfare on which vehicles travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streetcar", + "tram", + "tramcar", + "trolley", + "trolley car" + ], + "it": [ + "tram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle that runs on rails and is propelled by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street clothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinary clothing suitable for public appearances (as opposed to costumes or sports apparel or work clothes etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streetlight", + "street lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp supported on a lamppost; for illuminating a street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strengthener", + "reinforcement" + ], + "it": [ + "rafforzamento", + "rinforzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device designed to provide additional strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptomycin" + ], + "it": [ + "streptomicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces griseus and used to treat tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streptothricin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic antibiotic derived from a soil actinomycete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straightaway section of a racetrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretcher" + ], + "it": [ + "barella", + "lettiga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a litter for transporting people who are ill or wounded or dead; usually consists of a sheet of canvas stretched between two poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device used to make something larger (as shoes or gloves) by stretching it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden framework on which canvas is stretched and fixed for oil painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch pants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trousers made of a stretchy fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used in a foundry to shape a mold in sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool or rod used to level off grain or other granular material that is heaped in a measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for sharpening scythes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a mechanical device that strikes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "twine" + ], + "it": [ + "cordicella", + "spago", + "filo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ], + "it": [ + "corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tightly stretched cord of wire or gut, which makes sound when plucked, struck, or bowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ], + "it": [ + "filza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of objects threaded on a single strand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringed instrument" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento a corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument in which taut strings provide the source of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long horizontal timber to connect uprights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brace consisting of a longitudinal member to strengthen a fuselage or hull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very narrow necktie usually tied in a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "lembo", + "lista", + "striscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artifact consisting of a narrow flat piece of material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ], + "it": [ + "listello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin piece of wood or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip lighting" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "illuminazione al neon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light consisting of long tubes (instead of bulbs) that provide the illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip mall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercantile establishment consisting of a row of various stores and business and restaurants along a road or busy street; usually opening on a parking lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open mine (usually for coal) where the seams run close to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripper well", + "stripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil well whose production has declined to less than ten barrels a day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroboscope", + "strobe", + "strobe light" + ], + "it": [ + "stroboscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument that provides a flashing light synchronized with the periodic movement of an object; can make moving object appear stationary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strongbox", + "deedbox" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa", + "forziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strongly made box for holding money or valuables; can be locked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stronghold", + "fastness" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadella", + "fortezza", + "piazza forte", + "piazzaforte", + "rocca", + "rocca forte", + "roccaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strongly fortified defensive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strongroom" + ], + "it": [ + "camera blindata", + "caveau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burglarproof and fireproof room in which valuables are kept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strop" + ], + "it": [ + "coramella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leather strap used to sharpen razors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural member" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento strutturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support that is a constituent part of any structure or building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structure", + "construction" + ], + "it": [ + "costruzione", + "struttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strut" + ], + "it": [ + "contropalo", + "montante", + "puntone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brace consisting of a bar or rod used to resist longitudinal compression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short thick nail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud", + "rivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornament consisting of a circular rounded protuberance (as on a vault or shield or belt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "student center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center for student activities at a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "student lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reading lamp with a flexible neck; used on a desk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "student union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building on a college campus dedicated to social and organizational activities of the student body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud farm" + ], + "it": [ + "maneggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm where horses are bred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud finder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small permanent magnet in a metal container; when the magnet clicks against the container it indicates that the magnet is directly over an iron nail that holds the wallboard to a stud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studio" + ], + "it": [ + "atelier", + "bottega", + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace for the teaching or practice of an art" + ], + "it": [ + "locale in cui un artista insegna ed esercita la propria attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studio" + ], + "it": [ + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace consisting of a room or building where movies or television shows or radio programs are produced and recorded" + ], + "it": [ + "sala o complesso di locali dove si realizzano spettacoli televisivi e radiofonici o si girano scene di film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studio apartment", + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment with a living space and a bathroom and a small kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studio couch", + "day bed" + ], + "it": [ + "divano letto", + "divanoletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convertible consisting of an upholstered couch that can be converted into a double bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study" + ], + "it": [ + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room used for reading and writing and studying" + ], + "it": [ + "in un'abitazione privata, stanza destinata ad attività di studio, di lettura e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classroom reserved for study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "mercanzia", + "roba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miscellaneous unspecified objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffing" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "padding put in mattresses and cushions and upholstered furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffing box", + "packing box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small chamber in which packing is compressed around a reciprocating shaft or piston to form a seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffing nut", + "packing nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nut used to tighten a stuffing box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumbling block" + ], + "it": [ + "intoppo", + "ostacolo", + "scoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any obstacle or impediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump" + ], + "it": [ + "piolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cricket) any of three upright wooden posts that form the wicket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stun gun", + "stun baton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon designed to disable a victim temporarily by delivering a nonlethal high-voltage electric shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupa", + "tope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dome-shaped shrine erected by Buddhists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sty", + "pigsty", + "pigpen" + ], + "it": [ + "fogna", + "porcile", + "stabbio", + "stabbiolo", + "stalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pen for swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylus", + "style" + ], + "it": [ + "stilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed tool for writing or drawing or engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylus" + ], + "it": [ + "puntina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp pointed device attached to the cartridge of a record player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sub-assembly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit assembled separately but designed to fit with other units in a manufactured product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subbase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest molding of an architectural base or of a baseboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcompact", + "subcompact car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car smaller than a compact car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject", + "content", + "depicted object" + ], + "it": [ + "soggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (a person or object or scene) selected by an artist or photographer for graphic representation" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa (una persona, oggetto o scena) selezionata da un artista o fotografo per una rappresentazione grafica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submachine gun" + ], + "it": [ + "mitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine gun that is a portable automatic firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine", + "pigboat", + "sub", + "U-boat" + ], + "it": [ + "sottomarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submersible warship usually armed with torpedoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torpedo designed to be launched from a submarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submersible", + "submersible warship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship designed to operate under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submersible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus intended for use under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsection", + "subdivision" + ], + "it": [ + "coma", + "comma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of a section; a part of a part; i.e., a part of something already divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary station where electricity is transformed for distribution by a low-voltage network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtilin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polypeptide antibiotic (similar to bacitracin) obtained from a soil bacterium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtracter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that subtracts numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subway station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terminal where subways load and unload passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subway token" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a token that is used to pay for entry to the subway system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subway train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a train that runs in a subway system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subwoofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loudspeaker that is designed to reproduce very low bass frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succinylcholine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle relaxant for striated muscle that is used as an adjunct to anesthesia during certain surgical procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucralfate", + "Carafate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medicine consisting of a tablet (trade name Carafate) used to treat peptic ulcers; said to bind to the ulcer site and coat it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cup-shaped device (made of rubber, glass, or plastic) that produces a partial vacuum; used to adhere or draw something to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction pump" + ], + "it": [ + "pompa aspirante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pump for raising fluids by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudatorium", + "sudatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bathhouse for hot air baths or steam baths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudorific", + "sudatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that causes or increases sweating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suede cloth", + "suede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made to resemble suede leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "zuccheriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish in which sugar is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar refinery" + ], + "it": [ + "raffineria di zucchero", + "zuccherificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refinery for sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar spoon", + "sugar shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon for serving sugar; often made in the shape of a seashell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit", + "suit of clothes" + ], + "it": [ + "abito", + "completo", + "vestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of garments (usually including a jacket and trousers or skirt) for outerwear all of the same fabric and color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit" + ], + "it": [ + "colore", + "seme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playing card in any of four sets of 13 cards in a pack; each set has its own symbol and color" + ], + "it": [ + "relativo alle carte da gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suite", + "rooms" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggio", + "appartamento", + "fuga", + "suite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)" + ], + "it": [ + "lussuoso appartamento d'albergo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suiting" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric used for suits" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto per abiti da uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfacetamide", + "Sulamyd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a topical sulfonamide (trade name Sulamyd) used to treat eye infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfadiazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfa drug used in treating meningitis and pneumonia and other infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfa drug", + "sulfa", + "sulpha", + "sulfonamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antibacterial consisting of any of several synthetic organic compounds capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria that require PABA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfamethazine", + "sulfamezathine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfa drug used like sulfadiazine and also in veterinary medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfamethoxazole", + "Gantanol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfonamide (trade name Gantanol) used to treat infections (especially infections of the urinary tract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfanilamide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white odorless crystalline sulfa drug; the parent compound of most of the sulfa drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfapyridine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sulfa drug derived from pyridine and sulfanilamide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfisoxazole", + "Gantrisin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulfonamide (trade name Gantrisin) used to treat infections of the urinary tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfonylurea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antidiabetic consisting of any of several drugs that reduce the level of glucose in the blood; used to treat diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulindac", + "Clinoril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Clinoril)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulky" + ], + "it": [ + "sediolo", + "sulky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light two-wheeled vehicle for one person; drawn by one horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulphur mine", + "sulfur mine" + ], + "it": [ + "zolfatara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine where sulphur is dug from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sum", + "total", + "totality", + "aggregate" + ], + "it": [ + "ammontare", + "totale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whole amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country house (usually located in the country) that provides a cool place to live in the summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumo ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circular ring in which Sumo wrestlers compete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well or other hole in which water has collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sump" + ], + "it": [ + "carter", + "copricatena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil reservoir in an internal combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sump pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suction pump for removing liquid from a sump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunbonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bonnet that shades the face; worn by girls and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jeweled brooch with a pattern resembling the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design consisting of a central disk resembling the sun and rays emanating from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburst pleat", + "sunray pleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knife pleat cut on the bias to produce a flared effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunday best", + "Sunday clothes" + ], + "it": [ + "abito della domenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best attire you have which is worn to church on Sunday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unroofed deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundial" + ], + "it": [ + "meridiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timepiece that indicates the daylight hours by the shadow that the gnomon casts on a calibrated dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light loose sleeveless summer dress with a wide neckline and thin shoulder straps that expose the arms and shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miscellaneous objects too numerous or too small to be specified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central gear in an epicyclic train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunglass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convex lens that focuses the rays of the sun; used to start a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunglasses", + "dark glasses", + "shades" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiali da sole", + "occhiali neri", + "occhiali scuri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectacles that are darkened or polarized to protect the eyes from the glare of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunken garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden set below the level of the ground surrounding it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunk fence", + "ha-ha", + "haw-haw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ditch with one side being a retaining wall; used to divide lands without defacing the landscape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunhat", + "sun hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat with a broad brim that protects the face from direct exposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunlamp", + "sun lamp", + "sunray lamp", + "sun-ray lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mercury-vapor lamp used in medical or cosmetic treatments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun parlor", + "sun parlour", + "sun porch", + "sunporch", + "sunroom", + "sun lounge", + "solarium" + ], + "it": [ + "solario", + "solarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room enclosed largely with glass and affording exposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunroof", + "sunshine-roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automobile roof having a sliding or raisable panel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunscreen", + "sunblock", + "sun blocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cream spread on the skin; contains a chemical (as PABA) to filter out ultraviolet light and so protect from sunburn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunsuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's garment consisting of a brief top and shorts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suntrap", + "solar trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrace or garden oriented to take advantage of the sun while protected from cold winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun visor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade (sometimes of green mica) affixed above the windshield of an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supercharger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compressor that forces increased oxygen into the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supercomputer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mainframe computer that is one of the most powerful available at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superconducting supercollider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collider that operates at very low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer surface of an area or a body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superhighway", + "information superhighway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive electronic network (such as the internet) used for the rapid transfer of sound and video and graphics in digital form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supermarket" + ], + "it": [ + "supermarket", + "supermercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large self-service grocery store selling groceries and dairy products and household goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superstructure" + ], + "it": [ + "soprastruttura", + "sovrastruttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure consisting of the part of a ship above the main deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supertanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest class of oil tankers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supper club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually a small luxurious nightclub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplejack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walking stick made from the wood of an American tropical vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for holding something and supplying it as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closet for storing supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio", + "rincalzo", + "sopporto", + "supporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any device that bears the weight of another thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "straglio", + "strallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a column that supports a heavy weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support hose", + "support stocking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elasticized stocking intended to reduce pressure on the veins of the leg (as in case of varicose veins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supporting structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that serves to support something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supporting tower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tower that serves to support something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppository" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plug of medication designed for insertion into the rectum or vagina where it melts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppressant", + "appetite suppressant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that suppresses appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppressor", + "suppresser" + ], + "it": [ + "soppressore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device for suppressing unwanted currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surbase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the molding or border above the base of a structure (a pedestal or podium or wall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tunic worn over a knight's armor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface" + ], + "it": [ + "superficie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface gauge", + "surface gage", + "scribing block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge consisting of a scriber mounted on an adjustable stand; used to test the accuracy of plane surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ski tow that pulls skiers up a slope without lifting them off the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface search radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval radar to search for surface targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship that operates on the surface of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface-to-air missile", + "SAM" + ], + "it": [ + "missile terra aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guided missile fired from land or shipboard against an airborne target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface-to-air missile system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shipboard system that fires missiles at aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfboard" + ], + "it": [ + "windsurf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow buoyant board for riding surf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat that can be launched or landed in heavy surf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose outer coat usually of rich material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgeon's knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several knots used in tying stitches or ligatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgery" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulatorio", + "gabinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surge suppressor", + "surge protector", + "spike suppressor", + "spike arrester", + "lightning arrester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device inserted in a power line to protect equipment from sudden fluctuations in current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "garza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosely woven cotton dressing for incisions made during surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument used in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgical knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very sharp knife used in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surplice" + ], + "it": [ + "cotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose-fitting white ecclesiastical vestment with wide sleeves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light four-wheeled horse-drawn carriage; has two or four seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surtout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's overcoat in the style of a frock coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveillance system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed-circuit television system used to maintain close observation of a person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument", + "surveyor's instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used by surveyors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveyor's level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surveying instrument consisting basically of a small telescope with an attached spirit level rotating around a vertical axis; for measuring relative heights of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sushi bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar where sushi is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension", + "suspension system" + ], + "it": [ + "molleggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical system of springs or shock absorbers connecting the wheels and axles to the chassis of a wheeled vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "ponte sospeso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge that has a roadway supported by cables that are anchored at both ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspensory", + "suspensory bandage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bandage of elastic fabric applied to uplift a dependant part (as the scrotum or a pendulous breast)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustaining pedal", + "loud pedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedal on a piano that lifts the dampers from the strings and so allows them to continue vibrating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thread of catgut or silk or wire used by surgeons to stitch tissues together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suture", + "surgical seam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seam used in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swab", + "swob", + "mop" + ], + "it": [ + "mocio Vileda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleaning implement consisting of absorbent material fastened to a handle; for cleaning floors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "implement consisting of a small piece of cotton that is used to apply medication or cleanse a wound or obtain a specimen of a secretion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swaddling clothes", + "swaddling bands" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (a gown or narrow strips of cloth) for an infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle containing the personal belongings of a swagman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swage block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iron block cut with holes and grooves to assist in cold working metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swagger stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short cane or stick covered with leather and carried by army officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow-tailed coat", + "swallowtail", + "morning coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's full-dress jacket with two long tapering tails at the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp buggy", + "marsh buggy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious vehicle typically having four-wheel drive and a raised body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan's down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft woolen fabric used especially for baby clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sample piece of cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swathe", + "wrapping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enveloping bandage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swathing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloth coverings wrapped around something (as a wound or a baby)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swatter", + "flyswatter", + "flyswat" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiappamosche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement with a flat part (of mesh or plastic) and a long handle; used to kill insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porous bag (usually of canvas) that holds water and cools it by evaporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of fabric or leather sewn inside the crown of a hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of material tied around the forehead or wrist to absorb sweat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that causes tobacco leaves or fruit or hides to sweat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small or narrow cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweater", + "jumper" + ], + "it": [ + "maglione", + "pullover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crocheted or knitted garment covering the upper part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat pants", + "sweatpants" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose-fitting trousers with elastic cuffs; worn by athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatshirt" + ], + "it": [ + "felpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton knit pullover with long sleeves worn during athletic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweatshop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "factory where workers do piecework for poor pay and are prevented from forming unions; common in the clothing industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat suit", + "sweatsuit", + "sweats", + "workout suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garment consisting of sweat pants and a sweatshirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep", + "sweep oar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long oar used in an open boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep hand", + "sweep-second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second hand that is mounted on the same center as the hour and minute hand and is read on the minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming pool", + "swimming bath", + "natatorium" + ], + "it": [ + "piscina", + "vasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pool that provides a facility for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming trunks", + "bathing trunks" + ], + "it": [ + "calzoncini da bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swimsuit worn by men while swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimsuit", + "swimwear", + "bathing suit", + "swimming costume", + "bathing costume" + ], + "it": [ + "costume", + "costume da bagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tight fitting garment worn for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ], + "it": [ + "altalena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device used as a plaything to support someone swinging back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing door", + "swinging door" + ], + "it": [ + "porta a vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a door that swings on a double hinge; opens in either direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible implement used as an instrument of punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch", + "electric switch", + "electrical switch" + ], + "it": [ + "interruttore", + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch" + ], + "it": [ + "deviatoio", + "scambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "railroad track having two movable rails and necessary connections; used to turn a train from one track to another or to store rolling stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairpiece consisting of a tress of false hair; used by women to give shape to a coiffure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switchblade", + "switchblade knife", + "flick-knife", + "flick knife" + ], + "it": [ + "coltello a scatto", + "coltello a serramanico", + "serramanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocketknife with a blade that springs open at the press of a button" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switchboard", + "patchboard", + "plugboard" + ], + "it": [ + "centralino", + "commutatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "telephone central where circuits are completed with patchcords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch engine", + "donkey engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive for switching rolling stock in a railroad yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swivel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coupling (as in a chain) that has one end that turns on a headed pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swivel chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair that swivels on its base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swizzle stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small stick used to stir mixed drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword", + "blade", + "brand", + "steel" + ], + "it": [ + "durindana", + "durlindana", + "ferro", + "lama", + "spada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard" + ], + "it": [ + "arma bianca da taglio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword cane", + "sword stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cane concealing a sword or dagger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sword knot" + ], + "it": [ + "dragona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental tassel on the hilt of a sword" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "S wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench with an S-shaped handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sydney Harbor Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel arch bridge in Sydney, Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synagogue", + "temple", + "tabernacle" + ], + "it": [ + "sinagoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the place of worship for a Jewish congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchrocyclotron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cyclotron that achieves relativistic velocities by modulating the frequency of the accelerating electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchroflash" + ], + "it": [ + "sincrolampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device used in photography to synchronize the peak of a flash with the opening of the camera shutter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchromesh" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio sincronizzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automotive system for shifting gears in which the gears revolve at the same speed and so shift smoothly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronous converter", + "rotary", + "rotary converter" + ], + "it": [ + "convertitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical converter consisting of a synchronous machine that converts alternating to direct current or vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronous motor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric motor in which the speed of rotation is proportional to the frequency of the A.C. power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchrotron" + ], + "it": [ + "sincrotrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cyclotron in which the electric field is maintained at a constant frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchroscope", + "synchronoscope", + "synchronizer", + "synchroniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument that indicates whether two periodic motions are synchronous (especially an instrument that enables a pilot to synchronize the propellers of a plane that has two or more engines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synergist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that augments the activity of another drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesizer", + "synthesiser" + ], + "it": [ + "sintetizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) an electronic instrument (usually played with a keyboard) that generates and modifies sounds electronically and can imitate a variety of other musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of French painting characterized by bright flat shapes and symbolic treatments of abstract ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syringe" + ], + "it": [ + "siringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device in a computer that issues a steady high-frequency signal that synchronizes all the internal components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time-of-day clock in a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short strip of material attached to or projecting from something in order to facilitate opening or identifying or handling it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short sleeveless outer tunic emblazoned with a coat of arms; worn by a knight over his armor or by a herald" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabernacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a portable sanctuary in which the Jews carried the Ark of the Covenant on their exodus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabernacle", + "Mormon Tabernacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mormon temple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabi", + "tabis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sock with a separation for the big toe; worn with thong sandals by the Japanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tab key", + "tab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the key on a typewriter or a word processor that causes a tabulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo", + "tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture having a smooth flat top that is usually supported by one or more vertical legs" + ], + "it": [ + "parte del mobilio;" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture with tableware for a meal laid out on it" + ], + "it": [ + "un tavolo apparechiato per mangiare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablecloth" + ], + "it": [ + "tovaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering spread over a dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablefork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fork for eating at a dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife used for eating at dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table lamp" + ], + "it": [ + "lampada da tavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lamp that sits on a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table linen", + "napery" + ], + "it": [ + "tovagliato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linens for the dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table mat", + "hot pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pad for use under a hot dish to protect a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular saw mounted under a table or bench so that the blade of the saw projects up through a slot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablespoon" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon larger than a dessert spoon; used for serving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flat compressed cake of some substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slab of stone or wood suitable for bearing an inscription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablet-armed chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chair with an arm that has been widened for writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table-tennis table", + "ping-pong table", + "pingpong table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table used for playing table tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table-tennis racquet", + "table-tennis bat", + "pingpong paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paddle used to play table tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabletop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top horizontal work surface of a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tableware" + ], + "it": [ + "stoviglie", + "stoviglie da tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articles for use at the table (dishes and silverware and glassware)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabor", + "tabour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small drum with one head of soft calfskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taboret", + "tabouret" + ], + "it": [ + "tabouret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low stool in the shape of a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachistoscope", + "t-scope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scientific instrument used by psychologists; presents visual stimuli for brief exposures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachograph" + ], + "it": [ + "tachigrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tachometer that produces a graphical record of its readings; used to record the speed and duration of trips in a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachometer", + "tach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for indicating speed of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachymeter", + "tacheometer" + ], + "it": [ + "tacheometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theodolite designed for rapid measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack" + ], + "it": [ + "bulletta", + "chiodino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short nail with a sharp point and a large head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light hammer that is used to drive tacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tacoma Narrows Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across Puget Sound at Tacoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tadalafil", + "Cialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "virility drug (trade name Cialis) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taenia", + "tenia", + "fillet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow headband or strip of ribbon worn as a headband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taffeta" + ], + "it": [ + "taffettà", + "taffetà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp smooth lustrous fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taffrail" + ], + "it": [ + "coronamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the railing around the stern of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail", + "tail assembly", + "empennage" + ], + "it": [ + "impennaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rear part of an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the reverse side of a coin that does not bear the representation of a person's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail fin", + "tailfin", + "fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of decorations projecting above the rear fenders of an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailgate", + "tailboard" + ], + "it": [ + "portellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate at the rear of a vehicle; can be lowered for loading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate downstream from a lock or canal that is used to control the flow of water at the lower end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taillight", + "tail lamp", + "rear light", + "rear lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamp (usually red) mounted at the rear of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailor-made" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "custom-made clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailor's chalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chalk used by tailors to make temporary marks on cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailor's tack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose, looped, sewing stitch used to transfer marking for darts, etc., from a pattern to material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appendage added to extend the length of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailpipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pipe carrying fumes from the muffler to the rear of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watercourse that carries water away from a mill or water wheel or turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail rotor", + "anti-torque rotor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotor consisting of a rotating airfoil on the tail of a single-rotor helicopter; keeps the helicopter from spinning in the direction opposite to the rotation of the main rotor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of the movable part of a lathe that slides along the bed in alignment with the headstock and is locked into position to support the free end of the workpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taj Mahal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful mausoleum at Agra built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various devices for reducing slack (as in a sewing machine) or taking up motion (as in a loom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winged sandal (as worn by Hermes in Graeco-Roman art)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talcum", + "talcum powder" + ], + "it": [ + "borotalco", + "talco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toilet powder made of purified talc and usually scented; absorbs excess moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talking book" + ], + "it": [ + "audiolibro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound recording of someone reading a book; frequently used by blind people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tam", + "tam-o'-shanter", + "tammy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woolen cap of Scottish origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tambour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tambour", + "embroidery frame", + "embroidery hoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frame made of two hoops; used for embroidering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tambourine" + ], + "it": [ + "cembalo", + "tamburello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow drum with a single drumhead and with metallic disks in the sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tammy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plain-woven (often glazed) fabric of wool or wool and cotton used especially formerly for linings and garments and curtains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamp", + "tamper", + "tamping bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for tamping (e.g., for tamping tobacco into a pipe bowl or a charge into a drill hole etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tampax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tampon used to absorb menstrual flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tampion", + "tompion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plug for the muzzle of a gun to keep out dust and moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tampon" + ], + "it": [ + "stuello", + "tampone", + "zaffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plug of cotton or other absorbent material; inserted into wound or body cavity to absorb exuded fluids (especially blood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tandem trailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trucking rig with two trailers in tandem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tandoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clay oven used in northern India and Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese puzzle consisting of a square divided into seven pieces that must be arranged to match particular designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank", + "storage tank" + ], + "it": [ + "cisterna", + "serbatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large (usually metallic) vessel for holding gases or liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank", + "army tank", + "armored combat vehicle", + "armoured combat vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "carro armato", + "tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed armored military vehicle; has a cannon and moves on caterpillar treads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Tibetan religious painting on fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tankard" + ], + "it": [ + "boccale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large drinking vessel with one handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank car", + "tank" + ], + "it": [ + "vagone cisterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freight car that transports liquids or gases in bulk" + ], + "it": [ + "carro merci per il trasporto di materiali liguidi o gassosi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oscillatory circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank destroyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armored vehicle equipped with an antitank gun and capable of high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank engine", + "tank locomotive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locomotive that carries its own fuel and water; no tender is needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanker plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an airplane constructed to transport chemicals that can be dropped in order to fight a forest fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank furnace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnace into one end of which a batch of measured raw materials is shoveled and from the other end molten glass is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate iron that is thinner than boilerplate but thicker than sheet iron or stovepipe iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shell fired by the cannon on a tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight-fitting sleeveless shirt with wide shoulder straps and low neck and no front opening; often worn over a shirt or blouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tannery" + ], + "it": [ + "conceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace where skins and hides are tanned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tannoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loudspeaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap", + "spigot" + ], + "it": [ + "cannella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plug for a bunghole in a cask" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i59999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool for cutting female (internal) screw threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small metal plate that attaches to the toe or heel of a shoe (as in tap dancing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapa", + "tappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paperlike cloth made in the South Pacific by pounding tapa bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape" + ], + "it": [ + "fettuccia", + "nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin piece of cloth or paper as used for binding or fastening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape", + "tape recording", + "taping" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording made on magnetic tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape", + "tapeline", + "tape measure" + ], + "it": [ + "metro a nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument consisting of a narrow strip (cloth or metal) marked in inches or centimeters and used for measuring lengths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape cartridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartridge containing magnetic tape; for use with audio or video recorders or computer systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape deck" + ], + "it": [ + "piastra di registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment for making or playing magnetic tapes (but without amplifiers or speakers); a component in an audio system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape drive", + "tape transport", + "transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that transports magnetic tape across the read/write heads of a tape playback/recorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment for playing back magnetic tapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape recorder", + "tape machine" + ], + "it": [ + "registratore a nastro", + "magnetofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnetic recorder using magnetic tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file with converging edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapestry", + "arras" + ], + "it": [ + "arazzo", + "gobelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall hanging of heavy handwoven fabric with pictorial designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapestry", + "tapis" + ], + "it": [ + "arazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy textile with a woven design; used for curtains and upholstery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tappan Zee Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cantilever bridge across the Hudson River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tappet" + ], + "it": [ + "punteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lever that is moved in order to tap something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap wrench" + ], + "it": [ + "giramaschi", + "giramaschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench for turning a tap to create an internal screw thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tare" + ], + "it": [ + "tara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemical analysis) a counterweight used in chemical analysis; consists of an empty container that counterbalances the weight of the container holding chemicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target", + "butt" + ], + "it": [ + "bersaglio", + "obbiettivo", + "obiettivo", + "sagoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment consisting of an object set up for a marksman or archer to aim at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target acquisition system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipboard system for the detection and identification and location of a target with enough detail to permit effective weapon employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarmacadam", + "tarmac", + "macadam" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paved surface having compressed layers of broken rocks held together with tar" + ], + "it": [ + "macadam al catrame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarot card", + "tarot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a set of (usually 72) cards that include 22 cards representing virtues and vices and death and fortune etc.; used by fortunetellers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarpaulin", + "tarp" + ], + "it": [ + "cappa", + "copertone", + "incerata", + "kappa", + "telone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterproofed canvas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartan", + "plaid" + ], + "it": [ + "tartan", + "tessuto scozzese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth having a crisscross design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tassel" + ], + "it": [ + "nappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adornment consisting of a bunch of cords fastened at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tasset", + "tasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two pieces of armor plate hanging from the fauld to protect the upper thighs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needlework consisting of handmade lace made by looping and knotting a single thread on a small shuttle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattoo" + ], + "it": [ + "tatuaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a design on the skin made by tattooing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tau cross", + "St. Anthony's cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross resembling the Greek letter tau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tavern", + "tap house" + ], + "it": [ + "mescita", + "osteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building with a bar that is licensed to sell alcoholic drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taw", + "shooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large marble used for shooting in the game of marbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tawse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leather strap for punishing children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taximeter" + ], + "it": [ + "tassametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter in a taxi that registers the fare (based on the length of the ride)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxiway", + "taxi strip" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pista di rullaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paved surface in the form of a strip; used by planes taxiing to or from the runway at an airport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-bar lift", + "T-bar", + "Alpine lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface lift where riders hold a bar and are pulled up the hill on their skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea bag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bustina di tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small paper bag holding a measure of tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen utensil consisting of a perforated metal ball for making tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea cart", + "teacart", + "tea trolley", + "tea wagon" + ], + "it": [ + "carrello portavivande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serving cart for serving tea or light refreshments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea chest" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chest for storing or transporting tea" + ], + "it": [ + "cassa per il tè" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching aid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "materials and equipment used in teaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea cloth" + ], + "it": [ + "tovaglietta da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tablecloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacup" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cup from which tea is drunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public garden where tea is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea gown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long loose-fitting gown formerly popular for wear at afternoon tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teakettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kettle for boiling water to make tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covered spoon with perforations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea napkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small napkin used when tea is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teapot" + ], + "it": [ + "teiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pot for brewing tea; usually has a spout and handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for teasing wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea service", + "tea set" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of china or silverware for serving tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teashop", + "teahouse", + "tearoom", + "tea parlor", + "tea parlour" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sala da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant where tea and light meals are available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaspoon" + ], + "it": [ + "cucchiaino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small spoon used for stirring tea or coffee; holds about one fluid dram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea-strainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device to keep back tea leaves when pouring a cup of tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small table for serving afternoon tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea tray" + ], + "it": [ + "vassoio da tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tray that accommodates a tea service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea urn" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bollitore per il tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urn in which tea is brewed and from which it is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pickup truck with a gun mounted on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teddy", + "teddy bear" + ], + "it": [ + "orsacchiotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a child's toy bear (usually plush and stuffed with soft materials)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee", + "golf tee" + ], + "it": [ + "tee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short peg put into the ground to hold a golf ball off the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee", + "football tee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support holding a football on end and above the ground preparatory to the kickoff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee hinge", + "T hinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinge that looks like the letter T when it is opened; similar to a strap hinge except that one strap has been replaced by half of a butt hinge that can be mortised flush into the stationary frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecom hotel", + "telco building" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building that houses telecommunications equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecommunication system", + "telecom system", + "telecommunication equipment", + "telecom equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system for communicating at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraph", + "telegraphy" + ], + "it": [ + "telegrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraph key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "key consisting of a lever that sends a telegraph signal when it is depressed and the circuit is closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telemeter" + ], + "it": [ + "telemetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any scientific instrument for observing events at a distance and transmitting the information back to the observer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone", + "phone", + "telephone set" + ], + "it": [ + "telefono", + "apparecchio telefonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric bell that rings to signal a call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone booth", + "phone booth", + "call box", + "telephone box", + "telephone kiosk" + ], + "it": [ + "cabina telefonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "booth for using a telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone cord", + "phone cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the telephone wire that connects to the handset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone jack", + "phone jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jack for plugging in a telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone line", + "phone line", + "telephone circuit", + "subscriber line", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea telefonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone plug", + "phone plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plug for connecting a telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone pole", + "telegraph pole", + "telegraph post" + ], + "it": [ + "palo del telegrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall pole supporting telephone wires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone receiver", + "receiver" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earphone that converts electrical signals into sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone system", + "phone system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication system that transmits sound between distant points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone wire", + "telephone line", + "telegraph wire", + "telegraph line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea telefonica", + "filo del telegrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wire that carries telegraph and telephone signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephotograph", + "telephoto" + ], + "it": [ + "telefoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph made with a telephoto lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephotograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph transmitted and reproduced over a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephoto lens", + "zoom lens" + ], + "it": [ + "teleobbiettivo", + "teleobiettivo", + "zoom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera lens that magnifies the image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teleprompter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prompter for television performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telescope", + "scope" + ], + "it": [ + "cannocchiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnifier of images of distant objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telescopic sight", + "telescope sight" + ], + "it": [ + "collimatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gunsight consisting of a telescope on a firearm for use as a sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telethermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that registers the temperature at some distant point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teletypewriter", + "teleprinter", + "teletype machine", + "telex", + "telex machine" + ], + "it": [ + "telescrivente", + "telestampante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character printer connected to a telegraph that operates like a typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television", + "television system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telecommunication system that transmits images of objects (stationary or moving) between distant points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television antenna", + "tv-antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an omnidirectional antenna tuned to the broadcast frequencies assigned to television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television camera", + "tv camera", + "camera" + ], + "it": [ + "telecamera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "television equipment consisting of a lens system that focuses an image on a photosensitive mosaic that is scanned by an electron beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television-camera tube", + "television pickup tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube that rapidly scans an optical image and converts it into electronic signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television equipment", + "video equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment that broadcasts or receives electromagnetic waves representing images and sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television monitor", + "tv monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monitor used in a studio for monitoring the program being broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television receiver", + "television", + "television set", + "tv", + "tv set", + "idiot box", + "boob tube", + "telly", + "goggle box" + ], + "it": [ + "televisione", + "tele", + "televisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device that receives television signals and displays them on a screen" + ], + "it": [ + "apparecchio per ricevere programmi televisivi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television room", + "tv room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room set aside for viewing television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television station", + "TV station" + ], + "it": [ + "stazione televisiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "station for the production and transmission of television broadcasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmitter that is part of a television system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telpher", + "telfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the conveyances (or cars) in a telpherage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telpherage", + "telferage" + ], + "it": [ + "cabinovia", + "funivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transportation system in which cars (telphers) are suspended from cables and operated on electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temazepam", + "Restoril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frequently prescribed benzodiazepine (trade name Restoril); takes effect slowly and lasts long enough to help those people who wake up frequently during the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempera", + "poster paint", + "poster color", + "poster colour" + ], + "it": [ + "tempera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pigment mixed with water-soluble glutinous materials such as size and egg yolk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temple" + ], + "it": [ + "tempio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio dedicato al culto di una divinità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edifice devoted to special or exalted purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temple of Apollo", + "Oracle of Apollo", + "Delphic oracle", + "oracle of Delphi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the oracle at Delphi where a priestess supposedly delivered messages from Apollo to those who sought advice; the messages were usually obscure or ambiguous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temple of Artemis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large temple at Ephesus that was said to be one of the seven wonders of the ancient world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temple of Jerusalem", + "Temple of Solomon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three successive temples in Jerusalem that served as the primary center for Jewish worship; the first temple contained the Ark of the Covenant and was built by Solomon in the 10th century BC and destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC; the second was built in 515 BC and the third was an enlargement by Herod the Great in 20 BC that was destroyed by the Romans during a Jewish revolt in AD 70; all that remains is the Wailing Wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporary hookup", + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection intended to be used for a limited time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender", + "supply ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship that usually provides supplies to other ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender", + "ship's boat", + "pinnace", + "cutter" + ], + "it": [ + "betta", + "lancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boat for communication between ship and shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender" + ], + "it": [ + "carboniera", + "tender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "car attached to a locomotive to carry fuel and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenement", + "tenement house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis ball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla da tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball about the size of a fist used in playing tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp where tennis is taught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis court" + ], + "it": [ + "campo da tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the court on which tennis is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis racket", + "tennis racquet" + ], + "it": [ + "racchetta da tennis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racket used to play tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenon" + ], + "it": [ + "tenone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection at the end of a piece of wood that is shaped to fit into a mortise and form a mortise joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor drum", + "tom-tom" + ], + "it": [ + "tam-tam", + "tamtam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various drums with small heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenoretic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for an antihypertensive drug consisting of a fixed combination of atenolol and a diuretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenoroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenor bassoon; pitched a fifth higher than the ordinary bassoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenpenny nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nail 3 inches long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the bottle-shaped pins used in bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manometer for measuring vapor pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensiometer" + ], + "it": [ + "tensiometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the surface tension of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensiometer" + ], + "it": [ + "tensiometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the tension in a wire or fiber or beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensiometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring the moisture content of soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ten-spot", + "ten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck with ten pips on the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent", + "collapsible shelter" + ], + "it": [ + "tenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenter" + ], + "it": [ + "allargatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework with hooks used for stretching and drying cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenterhook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of hooks used to hold cloth on a tenter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent-fly", + "rainfly", + "fly sheet", + "fly", + "tent flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flap consisting of a piece of canvas that can be drawn back to provide entrance to a tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent peg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peg driven into the ground to hold a rope supporting a tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tepee", + "tipi", + "teepee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Native American tent; usually of conical shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terazosin", + "Hytrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antihypertensive drug (trade name Hytrin) used to treat high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terbinafine", + "Lamisil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oral antifungal drug (trade name Lamisil) used to treat cases of fungal nail disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal", + "terminus", + "depot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal", + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "capocorda", + "terminale", + "polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal" + ], + "it": [ + "videoterminale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic equipment consisting of a device providing access to a computer; has a keyboard and display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminus" + ], + "it": [ + "capolinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either end of a railroad or bus route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminus", + "terminal figure", + "term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a statue or a human bust or an animal carved out of the top of a square pillar; originally used as a boundary marker in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terraced house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house that is part of a terrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terra cotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard unglazed brownish-red earthenware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vivarium in which selected living plants are kept and observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terra sigillata", + "Samian ware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earthenware made from the reddish-brown clay found on the Aegean island of Lemnos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terry", + "terry cloth", + "terrycloth" + ], + "it": [ + "spugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pile fabric (usually cotton) with uncut loops on both sides; used to make bath towels and bath robes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tesla coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a step-up transformer with an air core; used to produce high voltages at high frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tessera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small square tile of stone or glass used in making mosaics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place equipped with instruments for testing (e.g. engines or machinery or computer programs etc.) under working conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test equipment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment required to perform a test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat canopy (especially one over a four-poster bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test paper" + ], + "it": [ + "carta reattiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper impregnated with an indicator for use in chemical tests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range for conducting tests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test rocket", + "research rocket", + "test instrument vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocket fired for test purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test room", + "testing room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which tests are conducted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test tube" + ], + "it": [ + "provetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glass tube closed at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable protective covering that provided protection from above; used by Roman troops when approaching the walls of a besieged fortification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetracaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline compound used in the form of a hydrochloride as a local anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrachlorethylene", + "tetrachloroethylene", + "ethylene tetrachloride", + "carbon dichloride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anthelmintic agent used against hookworm and other nematodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetracycline", + "Achromycin" + ], + "it": [ + "tetraciclina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Achromycin) derived from microorganisms of the genus Streptomyces and used broadly to treat infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrahydrocannabinol", + "THC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychoactive substance present in marijuana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetraskelion", + "tetraskele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure consisting of four stylized human arms or legs (or bent lines) radiating from a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrode" + ], + "it": [ + "tetrodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermionic tube having four electrodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "textile machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina tessile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine for making textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "textile mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factory for making textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalidomide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sedative and hypnotic drug; withdrawn from sale after discovered to cause severe birth defects because it inhibits angiogenesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatch", + "thatched roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a house roof made with a plant material (as straw)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater", + "theatre", + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "teatro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented" + ], + "it": [ + "il teatro era pieno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater curtain", + "theatre curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hanging cloth that conceals the stage from the view of the audience; rises or parts at the beginning and descends or closes between acts and at the end of a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various lights used in a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater stage", + "theatre stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage in a theater on which actors can perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theodolite", + "transit" + ], + "it": [ + "teodolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surveying instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles, consisting of a small telescope mounted on a tripod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theophylline", + "Elixophyllin", + "Slo-Bid", + "Theobid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless crystalline alkaloid derived from tea leaves or made synthetically; used in medicine as a bronchial dilator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theremin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic musical instrument; melodies can be played by moving the right hand between two rods that serve as antennas to control pitch; the left hand controls phrasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal printer" + ], + "it": [ + "stampante termica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that produces characters by applying heat to special paper that is sensitive to heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor in which nuclear fissions are caused by neutrons that are slowed down by a moderator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermistor", + "thermal resistor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiconductor device made of materials whose resistance varies as a function of temperature; can be used to compensate for temperature variation in other components of a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermobaric bomb", + "fuel-air bomb", + "vacuum bomb", + "volume-detonation bomb", + "aerosol bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that uses a fuel-air explosive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermocouple", + "thermocouple junction" + ], + "it": [ + "termocoppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of thermometer consisting of two wires of different metals that are joined at both ends; one junction is at the temperature to be measured and the other is held at a fixed lower temperature; the current generated in the circuit is proportional to the temperature difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermoelectric thermometer", + "thermel", + "electric thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that uses thermoelectric current to measure temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermograph", + "thermometrograph" + ], + "it": [ + "termografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer that records temperature variations on a graph as a function of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical instrument that uses an infrared camera to reveal temperature variations on the surface of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermohydrometer", + "thermogravimeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hydrometer that includes a thermometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermojunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction between two dissimilar metals across which a voltage appears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermometer" + ], + "it": [ + "termometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for measuring temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermonuclear reactor", + "fusion reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuclear reactor that uses controlled nuclear fusion to generate energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermopile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of thermometer for measuring heat radiation; consists of several thermocouple junctions in series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermos", + "thermos bottle", + "thermos flask" + ], + "it": [ + "termos", + "thermos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vacuum flask that preserves temperature of hot or cold drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermostat", + "thermoregulator" + ], + "it": [ + "termoregolatore", + "termostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulator for automatically regulating temperature by starting or stopping the supply of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiabendazole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antifungal agent and anthelmintic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiazide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of drugs commonly used as diuretics in the treatment of hypertension; they block the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thigh pad" + ], + "it": [ + "cosciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn over the thighs by football players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two shafts extending from the body of a cart or carriage on either side of the animal that pulls it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thimble" + ], + "it": [ + "anello", + "ditale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small metal cap to protect the finger while sewing; can be used as a small container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thimerosal", + "sodium ethylmercurithiosalicylate", + "Merthiolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light-colored crystalline powder (trade name Merthiolate) used as a surgical antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "roba", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa che sia stato realizzato dall'uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "affare", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entity that is not named specifically" + ], + "it": [ + "una entità non identificabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinning shears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shears with one serrate blade; used for thinning hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thioguanine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug used to treat acute leukemias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiopental", + "thiopental sodium", + "thiopentobarbital sodium", + "Pentothal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barbiturate that is a hygroscopic powder (trade name Pentothal) that is a strong barbiturate that acts rapidly; induces a relaxed state when injected as a general anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thioridazine", + "Mellaril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer (trade name Mellaril) used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thiosulfil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name for a sulfonamide antibacterial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiotepa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antineoplastic drug used to treat certain malignancies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thiothixene", + "Navane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tranquilizer (trade name Navane) used to treat schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third base", + "third" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the base that must be touched third by a base runner in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third gear", + "third" + ], + "it": [ + "terza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third from the lowest forward ratio gear in the gear box of a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rail through which electric current is supplied to an electric locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin strip of leather; often used to lash things together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underpants resembling a G-string; worn by women especially under very tight pants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughfare" + ], + "it": [ + "strada pubblica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public road from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thread", + "yarn" + ], + "it": [ + "cucirino", + "filato", + "filo", + "refe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine cord of twisted fibers (of cotton or silk or wool or nylon etc.) used in sewing and weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-centered arch", + "basket-handle arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round arch whose inner curve is drawn with circles having three centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-decker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warship carrying guns on three decks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-decker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any ship having three decks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-dimensional radar", + "3d radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radar that will report altitude as well as azimuth and distance of a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-piece suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business suit consisting of a jacket and vest and trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-quarter binding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spine and much of the sides are a different material from the rest of the cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-way switch", + "three-point switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric switch that has three terminals; used to control a circuit from two different locations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thresher", + "thrasher", + "threshing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "trebbiatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm machine for separating seeds or grain from the husks and straw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshing floor" + ], + "it": [ + "aia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floor or ground area for threshing or treading out grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold element", + "threshold gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logic element that performs a threshold operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thriftshop", + "second-hand store" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that sells secondhand goods at reduced prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throat" + ], + "it": [ + "collo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage resembling a throat in shape or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening in the vamp of a shoe at the instep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throat protector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment worn by hockey goalkeeper and catcher in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombolytic", + "thrombolytic agent", + "clot buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pharmaceutical that can break up clots blocking the flow of blood to the heart muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throne" + ], + "it": [ + "trono", + "truono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throstle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spinning machine formerly used to twist and wind fibers of cotton or wool continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throughput" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità di trattamento", + "throughput" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "output relative to input; the amount passing through a system from input to output (especially of a computer program over a period of time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bedclothes consisting of a lightweight cloth covering (an afghan or bedspread) that is casually thrown over something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throwing stick", + "throwing board", + "spear thrower", + "dart thrower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device resembling a sling that is used in various primitive societies to propel a dart or spear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw pillow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cushion that is used for decorative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust bearing" + ], + "it": [ + "cuscinetto reggispinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bearing designed to take thrusts parallel to the axis of revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thruster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rocket engine that provides the thrust needed to maneuver a spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theater stage that extends out into the audience's part of a theater and has seats on three sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a glove that provides a covering for the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finger hole made to fit the thumb (as in a bowling ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hole in a woodwind that is closed and opened with the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumb index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of rounded notches in the fore edge of a book to indicate sections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbscrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screw designed to be turned with the thumb and fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbscrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrument of torture that crushes the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbstall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering for an injured thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbtack", + "drawing pin", + "pushpin" + ], + "it": [ + "cimice", + "puntina", + "puntina da disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tack for attaching papers to a bulletin board or drawing board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisemaker that makes a sound like thunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thwart", + "cross thwart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crosspiece spreading the gunnels of a boat; used as a seat in a rowboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiara" + ], + "it": [ + "diadema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jeweled headdress worn by women on formal occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light mattress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticker", + "stock ticker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character printer that automatically prints stock quotations on ticker tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window through which tickets are sold (as from a ticket booth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticking" + ], + "it": [ + "traliccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong fabric used for mattress and pillow covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickler coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small coil in series with the anode of a vacuum tube and coupled to the grid to provide feedback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidemark" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "linea di marea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicator consisting of a line at the highwater or low-water limits of the tides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receptacle that holds odds and ends (as sewing materials)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord (or string or ribbon or wire etc.) with which something is tied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie", + "tie beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal beam used to prevent two other structural members from spreading apart or separating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie", + "railroad tie", + "crosstie", + "sleeper" + ], + "it": [ + "bretella", + "traversina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the cross braces that support the rails on a railway track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of jewelry that holds a man's tie in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more layers one atop another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is used for tying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie rack" + ], + "it": [ + "portacravatte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for storing ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiered seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seating that is arranged in sloping tiers so that spectators in the back can see over the heads of those in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two rods that link the steering gear to the front wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie tack", + "tiepin", + "scarfpin" + ], + "it": [ + "fermacravatta", + "fermacravatte", + "spillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pin used to hold the tie in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tightrope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tightly stretched rope or wire on which acrobats perform high above the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tights", + "leotards" + ], + "it": [ + "calzabraca", + "calzamaglia", + "collant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skintight knit hose covering the body from the waist to the feet worn by acrobats and dancers and as stockings by women and girls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile" + ], + "it": [ + "formella", + "mattonella", + "piastrella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "game equipment consisting of a flat thin piece marked with characters and used in board games like Mah-Jong, Scrabble, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutter (tool for cutting) for floor tiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roof made of fired clay tiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiller" + ], + "it": [ + "barra", + "sbarra", + "barra del timone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lever used to turn the rudder on a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for emptying a cask by tilting it without disturbing the dregs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilt-top table", + "tip-top table", + "tip table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedestal table whose top is hinged so that it can be tilted to a vertical position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam made of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a post made of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hitch used to secure a rope to a log or spar; often supplemented by a half hitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timbrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hand drum similar to a tambourine; formerly carried by itinerant jugglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball that slides down a staff to show a fixed time; especially at an observatory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time bomb", + "infernal machine" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba a orologeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bomb that has a detonating mechanism that can be set to go off at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time capsule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container for preserving historical records to be discovered at some future time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timecard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card used with a time clock to record an employee's starting and quitting times each day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time clock" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio marcatempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clock used to record the hours that people work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-delay measuring instrument", + "time-delay measuring system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronoscope for measuring the time difference between two events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph produced with a relatively long exposure time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-fuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fuse made to burn for a given time (especially to explode a bomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a science fiction machine that is supposed to transport people or objects into the past or the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timepiece", + "timekeeper", + "horologe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument or device for keeping time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timer" + ], + "it": [ + "contaminuti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timepiece that measures a time interval and signals its end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulator that activates or deactivates a mechanism at set times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time-switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a switch set to operate at a desired time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timolol", + "Blocadren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beta blocker (trade name Blocadren) administered after heart attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel (box, can, pan, etc.) made of tinplate and used mainly in baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin can" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for a destroyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tincture" + ], + "it": [ + "tintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pharmacology) a medicine consisting of an extract in an alcohol solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tincture of iodine", + "iodine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tincture consisting of a solution of iodine in ethyl alcohol; applied topically to wounds as an antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinderbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for holding tinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tine" + ], + "it": [ + "rebbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prong on a fork or pitchfork or antler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinfoil", + "tin foil" + ], + "it": [ + "stagnola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foil made of tin or an alloy of tin and lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin plate", + "tinplate" + ], + "it": [ + "lamiera", + "latta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin sheet of metal (iron or steel) coated with tin to prevent rusting; used especially for cans, pots, and tins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thread with glittering metal foil attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsel" + ], + "it": [ + "orpello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy decoration that is basically valueless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tintack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tack or small nail of tinned iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articles of commerce made of tin plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tippet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's fur shoulder cape with hanging ends; often consisting of the whole fur of a fox or marten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tire", + "tyre" + ], + "it": [ + "copertone", + "gomma", + "pneumatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoop that covers a wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tire chain", + "snow chain" + ], + "it": [ + "catene da neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chain attached to wheels to increase traction on ice or snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tire iron", + "tire tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand tool consisting of a lever that is used to force the casing of a pneumatic tire onto a steel wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tissue plasminogen activator", + "Activase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thrombolytic agent (trade name Activase) that causes fibrinolysis at the site of a blood clot; used in treating acute myocardial infarction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hat (Cockney rhyming slang: `tit for tat' rhymes with `hat')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe barn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barn originally built to hold tithes paid in kind and common in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus for performing a titration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-junction" + ], + "it": [ + "incrocio a T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junction where two roads or pipes etc. meet to form a T" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-network" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit formed by two equal series circuits with a shunt between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "TNT", + "trinitrotoluene" + ], + "it": [ + "trinitrotoluene", + "tritolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explosive consisting of a yellow crystalline compound that is a flammable toxic derivative of toluene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toaster" + ], + "it": [ + "tostapane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance (usually electric) for toasting bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toaster oven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kitchen appliance consisting of a small electric oven for toasting or warming food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toasting fork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long-handled fork for cooking or toasting frankfurters or bread etc. (especially over an open fire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toastrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack for holding slices of toast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco", + "baccy" + ], + "it": [ + "tabacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco pouch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "borsa per il tabacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pouch for carrying pipe tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco shop", + "tobacconist shop", + "tobacconist" + ], + "it": [ + "privativa", + "tabaccaio", + "tabaccheria", + "tabacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shop that sells pipes and pipe tobacco and cigars and cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toboggan" + ], + "it": [ + "slittino", + "taboga", + "toboga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow sled without runners; boards curve upward in front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobramycin", + "Nebcin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Nebcin) that is especially effective against Gram-negative bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toby", + "toby jug", + "toby fillpot jug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinking mug in the shape of a stout man wearing a three-cornered hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tocainide", + "Tonocard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antiarrhythmic drug (trade name Tonocard) used to treat ventricular arrhythmias when less dangerous drugs have failed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tocsin", + "warning bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bell used to sound an alarm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of footwear that provides a covering for the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the part of a clubhead farthest from the shaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forward tip of the upper of a shoe or boot that provides space and protection for the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toecap" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective leather or steel cover for the toe of a boot or shoe, reinforcing or decorating it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small foothold used in climbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toga" + ], + "it": [ + "toga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-piece cloak worn by men in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toga virilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) a toga worn by a youth as a symbol of manhood and citizenship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle" + ], + "it": [ + "coccinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener consisting of a peg or pin or crosspiece that is inserted into an eye at the end of a rope or a chain or a cable in order to fasten it to something (as another rope or chain or cable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fastener consisting of a threaded bolt and a hinged spring-loaded toggle; used to fasten objects to hollow walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint made by two arms attached by a pivot; used to apply pressure at the two ends by straightening the joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle switch", + "toggle", + "on-off switch", + "on/off switch" + ], + "it": [ + "tasto bistabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged switch that can assume either of two positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "togs", + "threads", + "duds" + ], + "it": [ + "indumenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet", + "lavatory", + "lav", + "can", + "john", + "privy", + "bathroom" + ], + "it": [ + "bagno", + "cesso", + "gabinetto", + "toilette", + "latrina", + "ritirata", + "toletta", + "cacatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room or building equipped with one or more toilets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet", + "can", + "commode", + "crapper", + "pot", + "potty", + "stool", + "throne" + ], + "it": [ + "vaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumbing fixture for defecation and urination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet bag", + "sponge bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterproof bag for holding bathrooms items (soap and toothpaste etc.) when you are travelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza del gabinetto", + "water", + "vaso del gabinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bowl of a toilet that can be flushed with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet kit", + "travel kit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kit for carrying toilet articles while traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet powder", + "bath powder", + "dusting powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine powder for spreading on the body (as after bathing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toiletry", + "toilet articles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artifacts used in making your toilet (washing and taking care of your body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hinged seat on a toilet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet soap", + "face soap", + "bath soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soap used as a toiletry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet water", + "eau de toilette" + ], + "it": [ + "eau de toilette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfumed liquid lighter than cologne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tokamak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doughnut-shaped chamber used in fusion research; a plasma is heated and confined in a magnetic bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token" + ], + "it": [ + "gettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal or plastic disk that can be redeemed or used in designated slot machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolazamide", + "Tolinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade name Tolinase) used in treating stable adult-onset diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolazoline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vasodilator that is used to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels (as in acrocyanosis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolbutamide", + "Orinase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sulfonylurea; an oral antidiabetic drug (trade name Orinase) used in the treatment of adult-onset diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enameled or lacquered metalware (usually gilded and elaborately painted); popular in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tollbooth", + "tolbooth", + "tollhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booth at a tollgate where the toll collector collects tolls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge where toll is charged for crossing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tollgate", + "tollbar" + ], + "it": [ + "casello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate or bar across a toll bridge or toll road which is lifted when the toll is paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line for long-distance calls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolmetin sodium", + "Tolectin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Tolectin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomahawk", + "hatchet" + ], + "it": [ + "ascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weapon consisting of a fighting ax; used by North American Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tommy gun", + "Thompson submachine gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a .45-caliber submachine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomograph" + ], + "it": [ + "tomografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "X-ray machine in which a computer builds a detailed image of a particular plane through an object from multiple X-ray measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone arm", + "pickup", + "pickup arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device consisting of a light balanced arm that carries the cartridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toner" + ], + "it": [ + "tonico", + "tonificante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lotion for cleansing the skin and contracting the pores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongs", + "pair of tongs" + ], + "it": [ + "pinza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various devices for taking hold of objects; usually have two hinged legs with handles above and pointed hooks below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "linguetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flap of material under the laces of a shoe or boot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue and groove joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortise joint made by fitting a projection on the edge of one board into a matching groove on another board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue depressor" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassalingua", + "spatola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin depressor used to press the tongue down during an examination of the mouth and throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic", + "restorative" + ], + "it": [ + "ricostituente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicine that strengthens and invigorates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument for measuring tension or pressure (especially for measuring intraocular pressure in testing for glaucoma)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement used in the practice of a vocation" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento usato per svolgere una determinata attivà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag in which tools are carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toolbox", + "tool chest", + "tool cabinet", + "tool case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box or chest or cabinet for holding hand tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toolshed", + "toolhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shed for storing tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something resembling the tooth of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of uniform projections on a gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothbrush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolino da denti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small brush; has long handle; used to clean teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothpaste" + ], + "it": [ + "dentifricio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentifrice in the form of a paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toothpick" + ], + "it": [ + "stecchino", + "stuzzicadenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick consisting of a small strip of wood or plastic; used to pick food from between the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth powder", + "toothpowder" + ], + "it": [ + "dentifricio in polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentifrice in the form of a powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (especially for women) that extends from the shoulders to the waist or hips" + ], + "it": [ + "camicetta femminile senza maniche, molto corta e scollata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coperchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering for a hole (especially a hole in the top of a container)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "whirligig", + "teetotum", + "spinning top" + ], + "it": [ + "biribissi", + "biribisso", + "girella", + "trottola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical child's plaything tapering to a steel point on which it can be made to spin" + ], + "it": [ + "giocattolo costituito da un cono rovesciato, di legno o altro materiale, munito di una punta metallica sulla quale viene fatto roteare velocemente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "coffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platform surrounding the head of a lower mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topgallant", + "topgallant mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mast fixed to the head of a topmast on a square-rigged vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topgallant", + "topgallant sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sail set on a yard of a topgallant mast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topiary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garden having shrubs clipped or trimmed into decorative shapes especially of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topknot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headdress consisting of a decorative ribbon or bow worn in the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom layer of a heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topmast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mast next above a lower mast and topmost in a fore-and-aft rig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top of the line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best (most expensive) in a given line of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's short coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topsail" + ], + "it": [ + "gabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sail (or either of a pair of sails) immediately above the lowermost sail of a mast and supported by a topmast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) weather deck; the part of a ship's hull that is above the waterline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall white hat with a pouched crown; worn by chefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torch" + ], + "it": [ + "fiaccola", + "torcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light usually carried in the hand; consists of some flammable substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tormenter", + "tormentor", + "teaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat at each side of the stage to prevent the audience from seeing into the wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo" + ], + "it": [ + "siluro", + "torpedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armament consisting of a long cylindrical self-propelled underwater projectile that detonates on contact with a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small explosive device that is placed on a railroad track and fires when a train runs over it; the sound of the explosion warns the engineer of danger ahead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small firework that consists of a percussion cap and some gravel wrapped in paper; explodes when thrown forcefully against a hard surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive device that is set off in an oil well (or a gas well) to start or to increase the flow of oil (or gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo boat" + ], + "it": [ + "torpediniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small high-speed warship designed for torpedo attacks in coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo-boat destroyer" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciatorpediniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small destroyer that was the forerunner of modern destroyers; designed to destroy torpedo boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo tube" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciasiluri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube near the waterline of a vessel through which a torpedo is fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torque converter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "converter for transmitting and amplifying torque (especially by hydraulic means)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torque wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrench that has a gauge that indicates the amount of torque being applied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torsion balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measuring instrument designed to measure small forces by the torsion they exert on a thin wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torture chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in which torture is inflicted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torus", + "tore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly the lowest molding at the base of a column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emblem consisting of an object such as an animal or plant; serves as the symbol of a family or clan (especially among American Indians)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totem pole" + ], + "it": [ + "totem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tribal emblem consisting of a pillar carved and painted with totemic figures; erected by Indian tribes of the northwest Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch screen", + "touchscreen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer display that enables the user to interact with the computer by touching areas on the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toupee", + "toupe" + ], + "it": [ + "toupet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hairpiece to cover partial baldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touring car", + "phaeton", + "tourer" + ], + "it": [ + "torpedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large open car seating four with folding top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourist class", + "third class" + ], + "it": [ + "classe turistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inexpensive accommodations on a ship or train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towel" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugamano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular piece of absorbent cloth (or paper) for drying or wiping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toweling", + "towelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fabrics (linen or cotton) used to make towels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towel rack", + "towel horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rack consisting of one or more bars on which towels can be hung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towel rail", + "towel bar" + ], + "it": [ + "portasciugamani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal bar a few inches from a wall for holding towels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towel ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular hoop for holding a towel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tower of Babel", + "Babel" + ], + "it": [ + "Babele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Genesis 11:1-11) a tower built by Noah's descendants (probably in Babylon) who intended it to reach up to heaven; God foiled them by confusing their language so they could no longer understand one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tower of London" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortress in London on the Thames; used as a palace and a state prison and now as a museum containing the crown jewels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tower of Pharos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great lighthouse (500 feet high) built at Alexandria in 285 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towline", + "towrope", + "towing line", + "towing rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a rope used in towing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town hall" + ], + "it": [ + "comune", + "municipio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government building that houses administrative offices of a town government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towpath", + "towing path" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path along a canal or river used by animals towing boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tow truck", + "tow car", + "wrecker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck equipped to hoist and pull wrecked cars (or to remove cars from no-parking zones)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device regarded as providing amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy box", + "toy chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chest for storage of toys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonfunctional replica of something else (frequently used as a modifier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toyshop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shop where toys are sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy soldier" + ], + "it": [ + "soldatino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doll that resembles a soldier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ], + "it": [ + "tirella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two lines that connect a horse's harness to a wagon or other vehicle or to a whiffletree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace detector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screening device for traces of explosives; used at airline terminals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracer", + "tracer bullet" + ], + "it": [ + "tracciante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ammunition whose flight can be observed by a trail of smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(radiology) any radioactive isotope introduced into the body to study metabolism or other biological processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument used to make tracings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoration consisting of an open pattern of interlacing ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracing", + "trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawing created by superimposing a semitransparent sheet of paper on the original image and copying on it the lines of the original image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track", + "cart track", + "cartroad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any road or path affording passage especially a rough one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track", + "rail", + "rails", + "runway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar or pair of parallel bars of rolled steel making the railway along which railroad cars or other vehicles can roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track" + ], + "it": [ + "binario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of parallel rails providing a runway for wheels" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia di rotaie su cui scorrono le ruote di treni, tram o funicolari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a groove on a phonograph recording" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track", + "data track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) one of the circular magnetic paths on a magnetic disk that serve as a guide for writing and reading data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track", + "caterpillar track", + "caterpillar tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endless metal belt on which tracked vehicles move over the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trackball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic device consisting of a rotatable ball in a housing; used to position the cursor and move images on a computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracked vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-propelled vehicle that moves on tracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tract house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many houses of similar design constructed together on a tract of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tract housing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "housing consisting of similar houses constructed together on a tract of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traction engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steam-powered locomotive for drawing heavy loads along surfaces other than tracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle with large wheels; used in farming and other applications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tractor" + ], + "it": [ + "motrice", + "trattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck that has a cab but no body; used for pulling large trailers or vans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trading card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card with a picture on it; collected and traded by children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic circle", + "circle", + "rotary", + "roundabout" + ], + "it": [ + "isola rotatoria", + "rondeau", + "rondò", + "rotatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic island", + "safety island", + "safety isle", + "safety zone" + ], + "it": [ + "isola", + "salvagente", + "spartitraffico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curbed area in a roadway from which traffic is excluded; provides safe area for pedestrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lane of a main road that is defined by painted lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path or track roughly blazed through wild or hilly country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail bike", + "dirt bike", + "scrambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight motorcycle equipped with rugged tires and suspension; an off-road motorcycle designed for riding cross country or over unpaved ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailer", + "house trailer" + ], + "it": [ + "roulotte", + "grande roulotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle that can be pulled by a car or truck and is equipped for occupancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large transport conveyance designed to be pulled by a truck or tractor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailer camp", + "trailer park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp where space for house trailers can be rented; utilities are generally provided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailer truck", + "tractor trailer", + "trucking rig", + "rig", + "articulated lorry", + "semi" + ], + "it": [ + "articolato", + "autoarticolato", + "autotreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck consisting of a tractor and trailer together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailing edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rear edge of an airfoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train", + "railroad train" + ], + "it": [ + "convoglio", + "treno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public transport provided by a line of railway cars coupled together and drawn by a locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "coda", + "strascico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of cloth forming the long back section of a gown that is drawn along the floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy consisting of small models of railroad trains and the track for them to run on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramcar", + "tram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a four-wheeled wagon that runs on tracks in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramline", + "tramway", + "streetcar track" + ], + "it": [ + "linea tranviaria", + "tramvia", + "tranvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the track on which trams or streetcars run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trammel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restraint that is used to teach a horse to amble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trammel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjustable pothook set in a fireplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trammel net", + "trammel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishing net with three layers; the outer two are coarse mesh and the loose inner layer is fine mesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trampoline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnastic apparatus consisting of a strong canvas sheet attached with springs to a metal frame; used for tumbling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp steamer", + "tramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial steamer for hire; one having no regular schedule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramway", + "tram", + "aerial tramway", + "cable tramway", + "ropeway" + ], + "it": [ + "teleferica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyance that transports passengers or freight in carriers suspended from cables and supported by a series of towers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trandolapril", + "Mavik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ACE inhibiting drug (trade name Mavik) used in some patients after a heart attack or to treat hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tranquilizer", + "tranquillizer", + "tranquilliser", + "antianxiety agent", + "ataractic drug", + "ataractic agent", + "ataractic" + ], + "it": [ + "calmante", + "tranquillante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used to reduce stress or tension without reducing mental clarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound or television recording (e.g., from a broadcast to a tape recording)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transdermal patch", + "skin patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicated adhesive pad placed on the skin for absorption of a time released dose of medication into the bloodstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transducer" + ], + "it": [ + "trasduttore", + "traslatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that converts one form of energy into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transept" + ], + "it": [ + "crociera", + "transetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure forming the transverse part of a cruciform church; crosses the nave at right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformer" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device by which alternating current of one voltage is changed to another voltage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transistor", + "junction transistor", + "electronic transistor" + ], + "it": [ + "transistor", + "transistore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiconductor device capable of amplification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telescope mounted on an axis running east and west and used to time the transit of a celestial body across the meridian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line providing public transit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission", + "transmission system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gears that transmit power from an automobile engine via the driveshaft to the live axle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission shaft" + ], + "it": [ + "albero di trasmissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotating shaft that transmits rotary motion from the engine to the differential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmitter", + "sender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set used to broadcast radio or tv signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transom", + "traverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal crosspiece across a window or separating a door from a window over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transom", + "transom window", + "fanlight" + ], + "it": [ + "lunetta", + "soprapporta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window above a door that is usually hinged to a horizontal crosspiece over the door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transponder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical device designed to receive a specific signal and automatically transmit a specific reply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transportation system", + "transportation", + "transit" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema di trasporto", + "trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transporter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crane for moving material with dispatch as in loading and unloading ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transporter", + "car transporter" + ], + "it": [ + "bisarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long truck for carrying motor vehicles" + ], + "it": [ + "autotreno utilizzato per trasportare automezzi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transport ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship for carrying soldiers or military equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tranylcypromine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug that is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor; administered as a sulfate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap" + ], + "it": [ + "trappola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device in which something (usually an animal) can be caught and penned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light two-wheeled carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciapiattello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device to hurl clay pigeons into the air for trapshooters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap" + ], + "it": [ + "sifone intercettatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drain consisting of a U-shaped section of drainpipe that holds liquid and so prevents a return flow of sewer gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap-and-drain auger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumber's snake for clearing a trap and drain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap door" + ], + "it": [ + "botola", + "trabocchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hinged or sliding door in a floor or ceiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapeze" + ], + "it": [ + "trapezio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swing used by circus acrobats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trave", + "traverse", + "crossbeam", + "crosspiece" + ], + "it": [ + "traversa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal beam that extends across something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel iron" + ], + "it": [ + "ferro da viaggio", + "ferro da stiro da viaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lightweight iron that can be carried while traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trawl", + "dragnet", + "trawl net" + ], + "it": [ + "cocchia", + "draga", + "palamite", + "palamito", + "palangaro", + "rete a strascico", + "tartana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical fishnet dragged through the water at great depths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trawl", + "trawl line", + "spiller", + "setline", + "trotline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long fishing line with many shorter lines and hooks attached to it (usually suspended between buoys)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trawler", + "dragger" + ], + "it": [ + "motopeschereccio", + "paranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fishing boat that uses a trawl net or dragnet to catch fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tray" + ], + "it": [ + "cabaret", + "guantiera", + "vassoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open receptacle for holding or displaying or serving articles or food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tray cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "table linen consisting of a small cloth for a tray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trazodone", + "trazodone hydrochloride", + "Desyrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oral antidepressant (trade name Desyrel) that is a nontricyclic drug used as a sedative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structural member consisting of the horizontal part of a stair or step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ], + "it": [ + "battistrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part (as of a wheel or shoe) that makes contact with the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grooved surface of a pneumatic tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadmill", + "treadwheel", + "tread-wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill that is powered by men or animals walking on a circular belt or climbing steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadmill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exercise device consisting of an endless belt on which a person can walk or jog without changing place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure chest" + ], + "it": [ + "forziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chest filled with valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storehouse for treasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 16th-century ship loaded with treasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository (a room or building) where wealth and precious objects can be kept safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree house" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playhouse built in the branches of a tree" + ], + "it": [ + "capanna costruita su un albero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treenail", + "trenail", + "trunnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden peg that is used to fasten timbers in shipbuilding; water causes the peg to swell and hold the timbers fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trefoil" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural ornament in the form of three arcs arranged in a circle" + ], + "it": [ + "decorazione a trifoglio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trefoil arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pointed arch having cusps in the intrados on either side of the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trellis", + "treillage" + ], + "it": [ + "graticcio", + "graticolato", + "ingraticciata", + "ingraticciatura", + "traliccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "latticework used to support climbing plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ], + "it": [ + "trincea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long ditch cut in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military style raincoat; belted with deep pockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden board or platter on which food is served or carved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench knife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knife with a double-edged blade for hand-to-hand fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trepan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drill for cutting circular holes around a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trepan", + "trephine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgical instrument used to remove sections of bone from the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trestle" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto", + "trespolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sawhorses used in pairs to support a horizontal tabletop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trestle" + ], + "it": [ + "capra", + "traliccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporting tower used to support a bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trestle bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge supported by trestlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trestle table" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table supported on trestles" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola su cavalletti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trestlework" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporting structure composed of a system of connected trestles; for a bridge or pier or scaffold e.g." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trews" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tight-fitting trousers; usually of tartan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trey", + "three" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four playing cards in a deck having three pips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial balloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a balloon sent up to test air currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triazolam", + "Halcion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of benzodiazepine (trade name Halcion) frequently prescribed as a sleeping pill; usually given to people who have trouble falling asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument consisting of a metal bar bent in the shape of an open triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various triangular drafting instruments used to draw straight lines at specified angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribromoethanol", + "tribromoethyl alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intravenous anesthetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apse of a Christian church that contains the bishop's throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichlormethiazide", + "Naqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diuretic drug (trade name Naqua) used to treat hypertension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triclinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dining table with couches along three sides in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triclinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dining room (especially a dining room containing a dining table with couches along three sides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricolor", + "tricolour" + ], + "it": [ + "tricolore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag having three colored stripes (especially the French flag)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricolor television tube", + "tricolour television tube", + "tricolor tube", + "tricolour tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color television tube in which three primary colors are combined to give the full range of colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricorn", + "tricorne" + ], + "it": [ + "tricorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cocked hat with the brim turned up to form three points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricot" + ], + "it": [ + "maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knitted fabric or one resembling knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricycle", + "trike", + "velocipede" + ], + "it": [ + "triciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle with three wheels that is moved by foot pedals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricyclic", + "tricyclic antidepressant", + "tricyclic antidepressant drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antidepressant drug that acts by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and thus making more of those substances available to act on receptors in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trident" + ], + "it": [ + "tridente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spear with three prongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that activates or releases or causes something to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular lyre of ancient Greece and Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimaran" + ], + "it": [ + "trimarano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast sailboat with 3 parallel hulls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimipramine", + "Surmontil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tricyclic antidepressant drug (trade name Surmontil) used to treat depression and anxiety and (sometimes) insomnia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimmer", + "trimmer joist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joist that receives the end of a header in floor or roof framing in order to leave an opening for a staircase or chimney etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimmer", + "trimming capacitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capacitor having variable capacitance; used for making fine adjustments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine that trims timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimmer arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arch built between trimmers in a floor (to support the weight of a hearth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trimming", + "trim", + "passementerie" + ], + "it": [ + "bordino", + "filetto", + "guarnizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration or adornment on a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triode" + ], + "it": [ + "triodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermionic vacuum tube having three electrodes; fluctuations of the charge on the grid control the flow from cathode to anode which makes amplification possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triphammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a massive power hammer; raised by a cam until released to fall under gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three copies; any of three things that correspond to one another exactly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light rope used in lumbering to free a dog hook from a log at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripod" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletto", + "treppiede", + "treppiedi", + "tripode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-legged rack used for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripper", + "trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catch mechanism that acts as a switch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triptych" + ], + "it": [ + "trittico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art consisting of a painting or carving (especially an altarpiece) on three panels (usually hinged together)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wire stretched close to the ground that activates something (a trap or camera or weapon) when tripped over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trireme" + ], + "it": [ + "trireme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek or Roman galley or warship having three tiers of oars on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triskelion", + "triskele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure consisting of three stylized human arms or legs (or three bent lines) radiating from a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triumphal arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monumental archway; usually they are built to commemorate some notable victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand with short feet used under a hot dish on a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-legged metal stand for supporting a cooking vessel in a hearth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triviality", + "trivia", + "trifle", + "small beer" + ], + "it": [ + "banalità", + "cosetta", + "ovvietà", + "superfluità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of small importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troika" + ], + "it": [ + "troika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian carriage pulled by three horses abreast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trojan Horse", + "Wooden Horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hollow wooden figure of a horse (filled with Greek soldiers) left by the Greeks outside Troy during the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fisherman's lure that is used in trolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trolleybus", + "trolley coach", + "trackless trolley" + ], + "it": [ + "filobus", + "filovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passenger bus with an electric motor that draws power from overhead wires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trolley line" + ], + "it": [ + "filovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transit line using streetcars or trolley buses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trombone" + ], + "it": [ + "trombone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brass instrument consisting of a long tube whose length can be varied by a U-shaped slide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trompe l'oeil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting rendered in such great detail as to deceive the viewer concerning its reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop carrier", + "troop transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any land or sea or air vehicle designed to carry troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troopship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ship for transporting troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophy", + "prize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something given as a token of victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophy case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case in which to display trophies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trou-de-loup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloping pit with a stake in the middle used as an obstacle to the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow shallow receptacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (or part of a garment) designed for or relating to trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouser cuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cuff on the bottoms of trouser legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouser press", + "pants presser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a home appliance in which trousers can be hung and the wrinkles pressed out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouser", + "pant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually in the plural) a garment extending from the waist to the knee or ankle, covering each leg separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trousseau" + ], + "it": [ + "corredo", + "corredo da sposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the personal outfit of a bride; clothes and accessories and linens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trowel" + ], + "it": [ + "cazzuola", + "giornello", + "mestola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hand tool with a handle and flat metal blade; used for scooping or spreading plaster or similar materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck", + "motortruck" + ], + "it": [ + "autocarro", + "camion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automotive vehicle suitable for hauling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the floor or bottom of a wagon or truck or trailer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck farm", + "truck garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm where vegetables are grown for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roadside service station (and restaurant) that caters to truck drivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(card games) the suit that has been declared to rank above all other suits for the duration of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump", + "trump card" + ], + "it": [ + "atout", + "briscola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card in the suit that has been declared trumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conical squinch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncheon", + "nightstick", + "baton", + "billy", + "billystick", + "billy club" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone", + "manganella", + "manganello", + "sfollagente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short stout club used primarily by policemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trundle" + ], + "it": [ + "curro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small wheel or roller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trundle bed", + "trundle", + "truckle bed", + "truckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low bed to be slid under a higher bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk" + ], + "it": [ + "baule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luggage consisting of a large strong case used when traveling or for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk hose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffed breeches of the 16th and 17th centuries usually worn over hose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk lid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinged lid for a trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line connecting two exchanges directly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trunk line", + "trunk route" + ], + "it": [ + "linea principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line that is the main route on a railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truss" + ], + "it": [ + "traliccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of beams (rafters, posts, struts) forming a rigid structure that supports a roof or bridge or other structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a bandage consisting of a pad and belt; worn to hold a hernia in place by pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truss bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge supported by trusses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truth serum", + "truth drug" + ], + "it": [ + "siero della verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intravenous anesthetic drug that has a hypnotic effect; induces relaxation and weakens inhibitions; is believed to induce people to talk freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square having a metal ruler set at right angles to another straight piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-square" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "riga a T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square used by draftsmen to draw parallel lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tub", + "vat" + ], + "it": [ + "mastella", + "mastello", + "tino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large open vessel for holding or storing liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube", + "tubing" + ], + "it": [ + "cannello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduit consisting of a long hollow object (usually cylindrical) used to hold and conduct objects or liquids or gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube", + "vacuum tube", + "thermionic vacuum tube", + "thermionic tube", + "electron tube", + "thermionic valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic device consisting of a system of electrodes arranged in an evacuated glass or metal envelope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubeless", + "tubeless tire" + ], + "it": [ + "tubolare", + "tubulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pneumatic tire not needing an inner tube to be airtight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck" + ], + "it": [ + "pince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow flattened pleat or fold that is stitched in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box for storing eatables (especially at boarding school)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachable yoke of linen or lace worn over the breast of a low-cut dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tucker-bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bag used for carrying food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy store in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tudor arch", + "four-centered arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low elliptical or pointed arch; usually drawn from four centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tudung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scarf worn around the head by Muslim women in Malaysia; conceals the hair but not the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tugboat", + "tug", + "towboat", + "tower" + ], + "it": [ + "rimorchiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuileries", + "Tuileries Gardens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal gardens next to the Louvre in Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuileries", + "Tuileries Palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palace and royal residence built for Catherine de Medicis in 1564 and burned down in 1871; all that remains today are the formal gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armor plate that protects the hip and thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulip bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowerbed in which tulips are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulle" + ], + "it": [ + "tulle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine (often starched) net used for veils or tutus or gowns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble-dryer", + "tumble drier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clothes dryer that spins wet clothes inside a cylinder with heated air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass with a flat bottom but no handle or stem; originally had a round bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable obstruction in a lock that must be adjusted to a given position (as by a key) before the bolt can be thrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbrel", + "tumbril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm dumpcart for carrying dung; carts of this type were used to carry prisoners to the guillotine during the French Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cask especially one holding a volume equivalent to 2 butts or 252 gals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunic" + ], + "it": [ + "giuba", + "giubba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of loose fitting cloaks extending to the hips or knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuning fork" + ], + "it": [ + "corista", + "diapason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal implement with two prongs that gives a fixed tone when struck; used to tune musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunnel" + ], + "it": [ + "tunnel", + "galleria", + "traforo", + "cunicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passageway through or under something, usually underground (especially one for trains or cars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tupik", + "tupek", + "sealskin tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tent that is an Eskimo summer dwelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Muslim headdress consisting of a long scarf wrapped around the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbine" + ], + "it": [ + "turbina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotary engine in which the kinetic energy of a moving fluid is converted into mechanical energy by causing a bladed rotor to rotate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbogenerator" + ], + "it": [ + "turbogeneratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generator consisting of a steam turbine coupled to an electric generator for the production of electric power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tureen" + ], + "it": [ + "terrina", + "zuppiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deep serving dish with a cover; for serving soups and stews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turing machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical computer with an infinitely long memory tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steam room where facilities are available for a bath followed by a shower and massage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish towel", + "terry towel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bath towel with rough loose pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turk's head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental knot that resembles a small turban" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnaround" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area sufficiently large for a vehicle to turn around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnbuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblong metal coupling with a swivel at one end and an internal thread at the other into which a threaded rod can be screwed in order to form a unit that can be adjusted for length or tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turner", + "food turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooking utensil having a flat flexible part and a long handle; used for turning or serving food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "products made on a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workshop where objects are made on a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end-product created by shaping something on a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnip bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed in which turnips are growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnoff" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "strada laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a side road where you can turn off" + ], + "it": [ + "strada che si diparte da un'altra strada e che consente di cambiare direzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnout", + "widening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a road that has been widened to allow cars to pass or park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnpike", + "toll road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressway on which tolls are collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnpike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from 16th to 19th centuries) gates set across a road to prevent passage until a toll had been paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnspit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roasting spit that can be turned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnstile" + ], + "it": [ + "tornella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gate consisting of a post that acts as a pivot for rotating arms; set in a passageway for controlling the persons entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turntable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular horizontal platform that rotates a phonograph record while it is being played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turntable" + ], + "it": [ + "piattaforma girevole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotatable platform with a track; used to turn locomotives and cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turntable", + "lazy Susan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolving tray placed on a dining table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turret" + ], + "it": [ + "torretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tower extending above a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turret clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock with more than one dial to show the time in all directions from a tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtleneck", + "turtle", + "polo-neck" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "maglione con il collo alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweater or jersey with a high close-fitting collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtleneck collar", + "polo-neck collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high close-fitting turnover collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweed" + ], + "it": [ + "tweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick woolen fabric used for clothing; originated in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loudspeaker that reproduces higher audio frequency sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-two", + ".22" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a .22 caliber firearm (pistol or rifle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-two pistol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a .22-caliber pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-two rifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a .22-caliber rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twill" + ], + "it": [ + "diagonale", + "tessuto diagonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloth with parallel diagonal lines or ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twill", + "twill weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weave used to produce the effect of parallel diagonal ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of identical beds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinjet" + ], + "it": [ + "bireattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jet plane propelled by two jet engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist bit", + "twist drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit or drill having deep helical grooves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-by-four" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timber measuring (slightly under) 2 inches by 4 inches in cross section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-handed saw", + "whipsaw", + "two-man saw", + "lumberman's saw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saw with handles at both ends; intended for use by two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-man tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tent designed for occupancy by two persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-piece", + "two-piece suit", + "lounge suit" + ], + "it": [ + "due pezzi", + "duepezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business suit consisting of a matching jacket and skirt or trousers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-way street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street on which vehicular traffic can move in either of two directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typesetting machine" + ], + "it": [ + "compositrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer that sets textual material in type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type slug", + "slug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of type metal used for spacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typewriter" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina da scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand-operated character printer for printing written messages one character at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typewriter carriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carriage for carrying a sheet of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typewriter keyboard" + ], + "it": [ + "tastiera della macchina da scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a keyboard for manually entering characters to be printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrocidine", + "tyrocidin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic polypeptide antibiotic derived from a soil bacterium; a major component of tyrothricin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrolean", + "tirolean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft green felt hat with a feather or brush cockade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrosine kinase inhibitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug used in cases of chronic myeloid leukemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrothricin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of antibiotics applied locally to infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uke", + "ukulele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small guitar having four strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulster" + ], + "it": [ + "ulster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose long overcoat of heavy fabric; usually belted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultracentrifuge" + ], + "it": [ + "ultracentrifuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high speed centrifuge used to determine the relative molecular masses of large molecules in high polymers and proteins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultramicroscope", + "dark-field microscope" + ], + "it": [ + "ultramicroscopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light microscope that uses scattered light to show particles too small to see with ordinary microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ultrasuede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a synthetic suede cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultraviolet lamp", + "ultraviolet source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any source of illumination that emits ultraviolet radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrellone", + "paracqua", + "parapioggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lightweight handheld collapsible canopy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tent with a single supporting pole and radiating metal ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercarriage" + ], + "it": [ + "chassis", + "telaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "framework that serves as a support for the body of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insufficient charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercoat", + "underseal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal consisting of a coating of a tar or rubberlike material on the underside of a motor vehicle to retard corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notch cut in the trunk of tree in order to determine the direction of its fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underfelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpet pad of thick felt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergarment", + "unmentionable" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "indumento intimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment worn under other garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpants" + ], + "it": [ + "mutande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undergarment that covers the body from the waist no further than to the thighs; usually worn next to the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpass", + "subway" + ], + "it": [ + "sottopassaggio", + "sottopassaggio pedonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underground tunnel or passage enabling pedestrians to cross a road or railway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underwear", + "underclothes", + "underclothing" + ], + "it": [ + "biancheria", + "biancheria intima", + "intimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergarment worn next to the skin and under the outer garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women's underwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uneven parallel bars", + "uneven bars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of parallel bars set at different heights; used in women's gymnastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unicycle", + "monocycle" + ], + "it": [ + "monociclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle with a single wheel that is driven by pedals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniform" + ], + "it": [ + "divisa", + "tenuta", + "uniforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing of distinctive design worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device on a national flag emblematic of the union of two or more sovereignties (typically in the upper inner corner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Union Jack", + "Union flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "national flag of the United Kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory", + "U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory", + "US Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory", + "USACIL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense laboratory of the Criminal Investigation Command; the United States Army's primary forensic laboratory in support of criminal intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Mint", + "U.S. Mint", + "US Mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mint that manufactures and distributes United States coins for circulation through Federal Reserve Banks; processes gold and silver bullion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal joint", + "universal" + ], + "it": [ + "giunto cardanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coupling that connects two rotating shafts allowing freedom of movement in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "university" + ], + "it": [ + "ateneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establishment where a seat of higher learning is housed, including administrative and living quarters as well as facilities for research and teaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of California at Berkeley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Berkeley, California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Chicago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Chicago, Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Michigan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Ann Arbor, Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Nebraska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Lincoln, Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of North Carolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Chapel Hill, North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Pennsylvania", + "Pennsylvania", + "Penn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Pittsburgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Sussex", + "Sussex University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red-brick university in Brighton, England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Texas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Austin, Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Vermont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Burlington, Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Seattle, Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of West Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Morgantown, West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "University of Wisconsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Madison, Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air passage consisting of a ventilation shaft through which air leaves a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardware that provides better performance than an earlier version did" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholstery" + ], + "it": [ + "tappezzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "covering (padding and springs and webbing and fabric) on a piece of furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholstery material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fabric used in upholstering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholstery needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several very heavy and sometimes curved sewing needles used by upholsterers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uplift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brassiere that lifts and supports the breasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper" + ], + "it": [ + "tomaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of leather or synthetic material that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole that encases the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper berth", + "upper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the higher of two berths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a higher deck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is uppermost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upright", + "upright piano" + ], + "it": [ + "pianoforte verticale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piano with a vertical sounding board" + ], + "it": [ + "pianoforte con cassa verticale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upright", + "vertical" + ], + "it": [ + "montante", + "montante verticale", + "supporto verticale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical structural member as a post or stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset", + "swage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tool used to thicken or spread metal (the end of a bar or a rivet etc.) by forging or hammering or swaging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rear part of the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a building above the ground floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urceole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel that holds water for washing the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinal" + ], + "it": [ + "orinatoio", + "pisciatoio", + "vespasiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plumbing fixture (usually attached to the wall) used by men to urinate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urn" + ], + "it": [ + "urna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large vase that usually has a pedestal or feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pot for making coffee or tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "used-car", + "secondhand car" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a car that has been previously owned; not a new car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "USS Cole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States destroyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utensil" + ], + "it": [ + "utensile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement for practical use (especially in a household)" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzo usato comunemente nei lavori di casa, soprattutto in cucina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility composed of one or more pieces of equipment connected to or part of a structure and designed to provide a service such as heat or electricity or water or sewage disposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of submachine gun that is designed and manufactured in Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacation home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwelling (a second home) where you live while you are on vacation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaccine", + "vaccinum" + ], + "it": [ + "vaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum", + "vacuum cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirapolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical home appliance that cleans by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber from which nearly all matter (especially air) has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum flask", + "vacuum bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flask with double walls separated by vacuum; used to maintain substances at high or low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum gauge", + "vacuum gage" + ], + "it": [ + "vacuometro", + "vuotometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge for indicating negative atmospheric pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valdecoxib", + "Bextra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cox-2 inhibitor (trade name Bextra) that relieves pain and inflammation without harming the digestive tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valenciennes", + "Valenciennes lace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of bobbin lace with floral patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small overnight bag for short trips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valproic acid", + "Depokene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticonvulsant (trade name Depokene) used to prevent some kinds of seizures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valsartan", + "Diovan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angiotensin II inhibitor that is used to treat high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control consisting of a mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device in a brass wind instrument for varying the length of the air column to alter the pitch of a tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve-in-head engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "internal-combustion engine having both inlet and exhaust valves located in the cylinder head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vambrace", + "lower cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cannon of plate armor protecting the forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of leather forming the front part of the upper of a shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van" + ], + "it": [ + "autofurgone", + "furgone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truck with an enclosed cargo space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van", + "caravan" + ], + "it": [ + "caravan", + "carrozzone", + "roulotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camper equipped with living quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Great Britain) a closed railroad car that carries baggage or freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vancomycin", + "Vancocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antibiotic (trade name Vancocin) effective against some bacterial infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fin attached to the tail of an arrow, bomb or missile in order to stabilize or guide it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaporizer", + "vaporiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that puts out a substance in the form of a vapor (especially for medicinal inhalation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vapor lock", + "vapour lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stoppage in a pipeline caused by gas bubbles (especially a stoppage that develops in hot weather in an internal-combustion engine when fuel in the gas line boils and forms bubbles that block the flow of gasoline to the carburetor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vardenafil", + "Levitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "virility drug (trade name Levitra) used to treat erectile dysfunction in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variable-pitch propeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propeller for which the angle of the blades is adjustable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variometer" + ], + "it": [ + "variometro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring variations in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varnish" + ], + "it": [ + "vernice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vase" + ], + "it": [ + "fioriera", + "vaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open jar of glass or porcelain used as an ornament or to hold flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaseline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trademarked brand of petroleum jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasoconstrictor", + "vasoconstrictive", + "pressor" + ], + "it": [ + "vasocostrittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that causes a narrowing of an opening of a blood vessel: cold or stress or nicotine or epinephrine or norepinephrine or angiotensin or vasopressin or certain drugs; maintains or increases blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasodilator", + "vasodilative" + ], + "it": [ + "vasodilatatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug that causes dilation of blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasopressor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that produces vasoconstriction and a rise in blood pressure (usually understood as increased arterial pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vatican", + "Vatican Palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the residence of the Catholic Pope in the Vatican City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault" + ], + "it": [ + "volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arched brick or stone ceiling or roof" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura a superficie curva che fa da soffitto a un edificio o ambiente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault", + "burial vault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burial chamber (usually underground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault", + "bank vault" + ], + "it": [ + "caveau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strongroom or compartment (often made of steel) for safekeeping of valuables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaulting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a vaulted structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaulting horse", + "long horse", + "buck" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnastic horse without pommels and with one end elongated; used lengthwise for vaulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conveyance that transports people or objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Velcro" + ], + "it": [ + "velcro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nylon fabric used as a fastening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velocipede" + ], + "it": [ + "biciclo", + "velocipede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several early bicycles with pedals on the front wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velodrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a banked oval track for bicycle or motorcycle racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velour", + "velours" + ], + "it": [ + "velours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy fabric that resembles velvet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velvet" + ], + "it": [ + "velluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velveteen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually cotton fabric with a short pile imitating velvet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vending machine" + ], + "it": [ + "distributore automatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slot machine for selling goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veneer", + "veneering" + ], + "it": [ + "impellicciatura", + "impiallacciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coating consisting of a thin layer of superior wood glued to a base of inferior wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venetian blind" + ], + "it": [ + "veneziana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a window blind made of horizontal strips that overlap when closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venetian glass" + ], + "it": [ + "vetro di Murano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine glassware made near Venice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venn diagram", + "Venn's diagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagram that uses circles to represent mathematical or logical sets pictorially inside a rectangle (the universal set); elements that are common to more than one set are represented by intersections of the circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venogram", + "phlebogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an X ray of a vein injected with a radiopaque contrast medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent", + "venthole", + "vent-hole", + "blowhole" + ], + "it": [ + "sfiatatoio", + "sfogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole for the escape of gas or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slit in a garment (as in the back seam of a jacket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilation", + "ventilation system", + "ventilating system" + ], + "it": [ + "aerazione", + "aereazione", + "ventilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical system in a building that provides fresh air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilation shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaft in a building; serves as an air passage for ventilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilator" + ], + "it": [ + "aeratore", + "aereatore", + "ventilatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device (such as a fan) that introduces fresh air or expels foul air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventriloquist's dummy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooden dummy into which a ventriloquist projects the voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venturi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube with a constriction; used to control fluid flow (as in the air inlet of a carburetor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venturi tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short tube inserted into a pipeline and used to measure the quantity of a liquid that is flowing in the pipeline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veranda", + "verandah", + "gallery" + ], + "it": [ + "loggia", + "veranda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porch along the outside of a building (sometimes partly enclosed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verapamil", + "Calan", + "Isoptin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug (trade names Calan and Isoptin) used as an oral or parenteral calcium blocker in cases of hypertension or congestive heart failure or angina or migraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verdigris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a green patina that forms on copper or brass or bronze that has been exposed to the air or water for long periods of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass border along a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that kills worms (especially those in the intestines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermiculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoration consisting of wormlike carvings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermifuge", + "anthelmintic", + "anthelminthic", + "helminthic" + ], + "it": [ + "antelmintico", + "antielmintico", + "vermifugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medication capable of causing the evacuation of parasitic intestinal worms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernier caliper", + "vernier micrometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caliper with a vernier scale for very fine measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernier scale", + "vernier" + ], + "it": [ + "verniero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small movable scale that slides along a main scale; the small scale is calibrated to indicate fractional divisions of the main scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verrazano-Narrows Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Verrazano Narrows between Brooklyn and Staten Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Versailles", + "Palace of Versailles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file in which records are stored upright on one edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical section" + ], + "it": [ + "spaccato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical drawing showing the interior of an object as if made by a vertical plane passing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical stabilizer", + "vertical stabiliser", + "vertical fin", + "tail fin", + "tailfin" + ], + "it": [ + "deriva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stabilizer that is part of the vertical tail structure of an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface that is vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical airfoil in the tail assembly of an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Very pistol", + "Verey pistol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pistol for firing Very-light flares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vessel", + "watercraft" + ], + "it": [ + "bastimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craft designed for water transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "vaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object used as a container (especially for liquids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest", + "waistcoat" + ], + "it": [ + "corpetto", + "gilè", + "panciotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's sleeveless garment worn underneath a coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestment" + ], + "it": [ + "paramenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gown (especially ceremonial garments) worn by the clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pocket in a man's vest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestry", + "sacristy" + ], + "it": [ + "sacrestia", + "sagrestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room in a church where sacred vessels and vestments are kept or meetings are held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viaduct" + ], + "it": [ + "viadotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bridge consisting of a series of arches supported by piers used to carry a road (or railroad) over a valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibraphone", + "vibraharp", + "vibes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percussion instrument similar to a xylophone but having metal bars and rotating disks in the resonators that produce a vibrato sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibrator" + ], + "it": [ + "vibromassaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device that produces vibratory motion; used for massage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that vibrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victory garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen garden planted during wartime to relieve food shortages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victrola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brand of gramophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft wool fabric made from the fleece of the vicuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videocassette" + ], + "it": [ + "videocassetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cassette for videotape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videocassette recorder", + "VCR" + ], + "it": [ + "videoregistratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnetic tape recorder for recording (and playing back) TV programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videodisk", + "videodisc", + "DVD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digital recording (as of a movie) on an optical disk that can be played on a computer or a television set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "video recording", + "video" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recording of both the visual and audible components (especially one containing a recording of a movie or television program)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively wide magnetic tape for use in recording visual images and associated sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a video recording made on magnetic tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viewer" + ], + "it": [ + "visore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical device for viewing photographic transparencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viewgraph", + "overhead" + ], + "it": [ + "lucido", + "trasparente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparency for use with an overhead projector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigil light", + "vigil candle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candle lighted by a worshiper in a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vignette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small illustrative sketch (as sometimes placed at the beginning of chapters in books)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vignette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photograph whose edges shade off gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretentious and luxurious country residence with extensive grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "country house in ancient Rome consisting of residential quarters and farm buildings around a courtyard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detached or semidetached suburban house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinblastine", + "Velban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle plant derivative used as an antineoplastic drug (trade name Velban) that disrupts cell division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vincristine", + "Oncovin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle plant derivative used as an antineoplastic drug (trade name Oncovin); used to treat cancer of the lymphatic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vineyard", + "vinery" + ], + "it": [ + "vigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a family of bowed stringed instruments that preceded the violin family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viola" + ], + "it": [ + "viola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowed stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, tuned a fifth lower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viola da braccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the viol family with approximately the range of a viola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viola da gamba", + "gamba", + "bass viol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viol that is the bass member of the viol family with approximately the range of the cello" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viola d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viol that is the tenor of the viol family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violin", + "fiddle" + ], + "it": [ + "violino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bowed stringed instrument that is the highest member of the violin family; this instrument has four strings and a hollow body and an unfretted fingerboard and is played with a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viomycin", + "Viocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic polypeptide antibiotic (trade name Viocin) administered intramuscularly (along with other drugs) in the treatment of tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virginal", + "pair of virginals" + ], + "it": [ + "virginale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legless rectangular harpsichord; played (usually by women) in the 16th and 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virility drug", + "anti-impotence drug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drug to treat impotence attributable to erectile dysfunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "objet d'art collectively (especially fine antiques)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtual memory", + "virtual storage" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria virtuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) memory created by using the hard disk to simulate additional random-access memory; the addressable storage space available to the user of a computer system in which virtual addresses are mapped into real addresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscometer", + "viscosimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "viscosimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measuring instrument for measuring viscosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscose rayon", + "viscose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rayon fabric made from viscose (cellulose xanthate) fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vise", + "bench vise" + ], + "it": [ + "morsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding device attached to a workbench; has two jaws to hold workpiece firmly in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visible speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectrogram of speech; speech displayed spectrographically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visor", + "vizor" + ], + "it": [ + "buffa", + "visiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of armor plate (with eye slits) fixed or hinged to a medieval helmet to protect the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual display unit", + "VDU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British) British term for video display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indoor enclosure for keeping and raising living animals and plants and observing them under natural conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viyella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made from a twilled mixture of cotton and wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the neck of a garment has the shape in front of the letter V" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voider", + "gusset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of chain mail covering a place unprotected by armor plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voile" + ], + "it": [ + "velo", + "voile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light semitransparent fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volatile storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer storage that is erased when the power is turned off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volleyball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflated ball used in playing volleyball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volleyball court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the court on which volleyball is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volleyball net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the high net that separates the two teams and over which the volleyball must pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltage regulator" + ], + "it": [ + "regolatore di tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transformer whose voltage ratio of transformation can be adjusted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltaic battery", + "galvanic battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battery consisting of a number of voltaic cells arranged in series or parallel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltaic cell", + "galvanic cell", + "primary cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric cell that generates an electromotive force by an irreversible conversion of chemical to electrical energy; cannot be recharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltaic pile", + "pile", + "galvanic pile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battery consisting of voltaic cells arranged in series; the earliest electric battery devised by Volta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltmeter" + ], + "it": [ + "voltimetro", + "voltmetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter that measures the potential difference between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volumeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meter to measure the volume of gases, liquids, or solids (either directly or by displacement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomitory" + ], + "it": [ + "vomitorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entrance to an amphitheater or stadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "von Neumann machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina di Von Neumann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any digital computer incorporating the ideas of stored programs and serial counters that were proposed in 1946 by von Neumann and his colleagues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting booth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booth in which a person can cast a private vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device for recording and counting votes mechanically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of pike used by foot soldiers in the 14th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voussoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wedge-shaped stone building block used in constructing an arch or vault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vox angelica", + "voix celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ stop producing a gentle tremolo effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vox humana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ reed stop producing tones imitative of the human voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterproof hip boots (sometimes extending to the chest) worn by anglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wading pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow pool for children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waffle iron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen appliance for baking waffles; the appliance usually consists of two indented metal pans hinged together so that they create a pattern on the waffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagon", + "waggon" + ], + "it": [ + "carro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagon", + "coaster wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child's four-wheeled toy cart sometimes used for coasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagon tire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal hoop forming the tread of a wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagon wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel of a wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large open farm wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wainscot", + "wainscoting", + "wainscotting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wooden panels that can be used to line the walls of a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wainscot", + "dado" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zoccolo decorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "panel forming the lower part of an interior wall when it is finished differently from the rest of the wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wainscoting", + "wainscotting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wainscoted wall (or wainscoted walls collectively)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waist pack", + "belt bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pouch (usually with a zipper) that attaches to a belt and is worn around the waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake board", + "wakeboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoyant board (resembling a surfboard) that is used to ride over water while being pulled behind a motorboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wale", + "strake" + ], + "it": [ + "corso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick plank forming a ridge along the side of a wooden ship" + ], + "it": [ + "nelle costruzioni navali, fila longitudinale di tavole o lamiere che costituiscono il fasciame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk", + "walkway", + "paseo" + ], + "it": [ + "sentiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path set aside for walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walker", + "baby-walker", + "go-cart" + ], + "it": [ + "girello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosing framework on casters or wheels; helps babies learn to walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walker", + "Zimmer", + "Zimmer frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light enclosing framework (trade name Zimmer) with rubber castors or wheels and handles; helps invalids or the handicapped or the aged to walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe designed for comfortable walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walkie-talkie", + "walky-talky" + ], + "it": [ + "ricetrasmettitore", + "ricetrasmittente", + "walkie-talkie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small portable radio link (receiver and transmitter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small room large enough to admit entrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking shoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light comfortable shoe designed for vigorous walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking stick" + ], + "it": [ + "bastone da passeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick carried in the hand for support in walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walkman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a pocket-sized stereo system with light weight earphones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-up" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "casa senza ascensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment building without an elevator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-up apartment", + "walk-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apartment in a building without an elevator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedestrian passageway through the ground floor of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ], + "it": [ + "muro", + "parete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ], + "it": [ + "cinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of material that encloses space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallboard", + "drywall", + "dry wall" + ], + "it": [ + "pannello di rivestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide flat board used to cover walls or partitions; made from plaster or wood pulp or other materials and used primarily to form the interior walls of houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clock mounted on a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallet", + "billfold", + "notecase", + "pocketbook" + ], + "it": [ + "portafogli", + "portafoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pocket-size case for holding papers and paper money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paneling that forms part of a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate (a timber along the top of a wall) to support the ends of joists, etc., and distribute the load" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall socket", + "wall plug", + "electric outlet", + "electrical outlet", + "outlet", + "electric receptacle" + ], + "it": [ + "presa di corrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receptacle providing a place in a wiring system where current can be taken to run electrical devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas tent with four vertical walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall unit" + ], + "it": [ + "pensile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of furniture having several units that stands against one wall of a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walt Whitman Bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspension bridge across the Delaware River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wampum", + "peag", + "wampumpeag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cylindrical beads made from polished shells and fashioned into strings or belts; used by certain Native American peoples as jewelry or currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wand" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchetta magica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod used by a magician or water diviner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wankel engine", + "Wankel rotary engine", + "epitrochoidal engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotary engine that is a four-stroke internal-combustion engine without reciprocating parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ward", + "hospital ward" + ], + "it": [ + "reparto", + "reparto di ospedale", + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block forming a division of a hospital (or a suite of rooms) shared by patients who need a similar kind of care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardrobe", + "closet", + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "armadio", + "guardaroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall piece of furniture that provides storage space for clothes; has a door and rails or hooks for hanging clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardrobe" + ], + "it": [ + "guardaroba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collection of clothing belonging to one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardrobe" + ], + "it": [ + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collection of costumes belonging to a theatrical company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military quarters for dining and recreation for officers of a warship (except the captain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ware" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articles of the same kind or material; usually used in combination: `silverware', `software'" + ], + "it": [ + "articoli fatti con un certo materiale, o adibiti a un certo uso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warehouse", + "storage warehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "capannone", + "deposito", + "emporio", + "magazzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storehouse for goods and merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warfarin", + "Coumadin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticoagulant (trade name Coumadin) use to prevent and treat a thrombus or embolus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warhead", + "payload", + "load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front part of a guided missile or rocket or torpedo that carries the nuclear or explosive charge or the chemical or biological agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warhorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work of art (composition or drama) that is part of the standard repertory but has become hackneyed from much repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warming pan" + ], + "it": [ + "monaca", + "scaldaletto", + "scaldino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-handled covered pan holding live coals to warm a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warp" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yarn arranged lengthways on a loom and crossed by the woof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war paint" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pitture di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "full ceremonial regalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war paint" + ], + "it": [ + "pitture di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adornment consisting of paint applied to the face and body of certain Amerindians before a battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warplane", + "military plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aircraft designed and used for combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a room where strategic decisions are made (especially for military or political campaigns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warship", + "war vessel", + "combat ship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "nave da guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government ship that is available for waging war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "wash drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watercolor made by applying a series of monochrome washes one over the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin coat of water-base paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash-and-wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric treated to be easily washable and to require no ironing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washbasin", + "handbasin", + "washbowl", + "lavabo", + "wash-hand basin" + ], + "it": [ + "lavabo", + "lavandino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basin for washing the hands (`wash-hand basin' is a British expression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washbasin", + "basin", + "washbowl", + "washstand", + "lavatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bathroom sink that is permanently installed and connected to a water supply and drainpipe; where you can wash your hands and face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washboard", + "splashboard" + ], + "it": [ + "battente", + "battimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective covering consisting of a broad plank along a gunwale to keep water from splashing over the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "device consisting of a corrugated surface to scrub clothes on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washcloth", + "washrag", + "flannel", + "face cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bath linen consisting of a piece of cloth used to wash the face and body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washer", + "automatic washer", + "washing machine" + ], + "it": [ + "lavabiancheria", + "lavatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a home appliance for washing clothes and linens automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal consisting of a flat disk placed to prevent leakage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washhouse" + ], + "it": [ + "lavatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building or outbuilding where laundry is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington Monument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone obelisk built in Washington in 1884 to honor George Washington; 555 feet tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lavatory (particularly a lavatory in a public place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washstand", + "wash-hand stand" + ], + "it": [ + "lavamano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furniture consisting of a table or stand to hold a basin and pitcher of water for washing: `wash-hand stand' is a British term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washtub" + ], + "it": [ + "mastello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tub in which clothes or linens can be washed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wastepaper basket", + "waste-paper basket", + "wastebasket", + "waste basket", + "circular file" + ], + "it": [ + "cestino", + "cestino per la cartaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container with an open top; for discarded paper and other rubbish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "ticker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small portable timepiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchband", + "watchstrap", + "wristband", + "watch bracelet", + "bracelet" + ], + "it": [ + "braccialetto", + "cinturino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of cloth or leather or metal links attached to a wristwatch and wrapped around the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knitted dark blue wool cap worn by seamen in cold or stormy weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metal case in which the works of a watch are housed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laboratory glassware; a shallow glass dish used as an evaporating surface or to cover a beaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winder consisting of a key with a square hole; used for winding some watches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchtower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observation tower for a lookout to watch over prisoners or watch for fires or enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water heater consisting of a tank or pipes set at the back of a fireplace or in the firebox of a stove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-base paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint in which water is used as the vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water bed" + ], + "it": [ + "materasso ad acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bed with a mattress made of strong plastic that is filled with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "borraccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle for holding water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water butt" + ], + "it": [ + "vasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a butt set on end to contain water especially to store rainwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water cannon", + "watercannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hose (carried on a truck) that fires water under high pressure to disperse crowds (especially crowds of rioters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cart with a tank for water (especially with fresh water for sale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chute with flowing water down which toboggans and inner tubes and people slide into a pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water clock", + "clepsydra", + "water glass" + ], + "it": [ + "clessidra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clock that measures time by the escape of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water closet", + "closet", + "W.C.", + "loo" + ], + "it": [ + "WC", + "cacatoio", + "water closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toilet in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolor", + "water-color", + "watercolour", + "water-colour" + ], + "it": [ + "acquarello", + "acquerello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painting produced with watercolors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolor", + "water-color", + "watercolour", + "water-colour" + ], + "it": [ + "acquerello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water-base paint (with water-soluble pigments); used by artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-cooled reactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuclear reactor using water as a coolant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water cooler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device for cooling and dispensing drinking water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i60999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercourse", + "waterway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conduit through which water flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water faucet", + "water tap", + "tap", + "hydrant" + ], + "it": [ + "cannella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faucet for drawing water from a pipe or cask" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filter to remove impurities from the water supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water gauge", + "water gage", + "water glass" + ], + "it": [ + "idrometro", + "indicatore del livello dell'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge for indicating the level of water in e.g. a tank or boiler or reservoir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass for drinking water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hazard provided by ponds of water that the golfer must avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water heater", + "hot-water heater", + "hot-water tank" + ], + "it": [ + "boiler", + "scaldaacqua", + "scaldabagno", + "scaldacqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heater and storage tank to supply heated water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watering can", + "watering pot" + ], + "it": [ + "annaffiatoio", + "annaffiatore", + "innaffiatoio", + "innaffiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container with a handle and a spout with a perforated nozzle; used to sprinkle water over plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watering cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water cart with a tank and sprinkler for sprinkling roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container filled with water that surrounds a machine to cool it; especially that surrounding the cylinder block of an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water jug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jug that holds water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water jump" + ], + "it": [ + "riviera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pool or stream in a steeplechase or similar contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water gauge that shows the level by showing the surface of the water in a trough or U-shaped tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water main" + ], + "it": [ + "conduttura dell'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "main (a pipe or conduit) for conveying water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meter for measuring the quantity of water passing through a particular outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water mill" + ], + "it": [ + "mulino ad acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill powered by a water wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water pistol", + "water gun", + "squirt gun", + "squirter" + ], + "it": [ + "pistola ad acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaything consisting of a toy pistol that squirts water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fabric impervious to water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterproofing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coating capable of making a surface waterproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pump in the cooling system of an automobile that cause the water to circulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water scooter", + "sea scooter", + "scooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorboat resembling a motor scooter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water ski" + ], + "it": [ + "idroscì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad ski for skimming over water towed by a speedboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterskin", + "water skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a container of skin for holding water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterspout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel through which water is discharged (especially one used for drainage from the gutters of a roof)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water system", + "water supply", + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "acquedotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facility that provides a source of water" + ], + "it": [ + "ente fornitore di acqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water tower" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "serbatoio a torre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large reservoir for water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water wagon", + "water waggon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wagon that carries water (as for troops or work gangs or to sprinkle down dusty dirt roads in the summertime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterwheel", + "water wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "ruota idraulica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel that rotates by direct action of water; a simple turbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterwheel", + "water wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheel with buckets attached to its rim; raises water from a stream or pond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water wings" + ], + "it": [ + "braccioli salvagente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a life preserver consisting of a connected pair of inflatable bags that fit under a person's arms and provide buoyancy; used by children learning to swim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterworks" + ], + "it": [ + "acquedotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workplace where water is stored and purified and distributed for a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "WATS", + "WATS line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone line;long distance service at fixed rates for fixed zones; an acronym for wide area telephone service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle" + ], + "it": [ + "graticcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "framework consisting of stakes interwoven with branches to form a fence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattmeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument for measuring in watts the flow of power in an electrical circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waveguide", + "wave guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow metal conductor that provides a path to guide microwaves; used in radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxwork", + "wax figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effigy (usually of a famous person) made of wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura fisica che consente il passaggio da un luogo a un altro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ways", + "shipway", + "slipway" + ], + "it": [ + "scalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wayside", + "roadside" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ciglio della strada", + "bordo della strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edge of a way or road or path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weapon", + "arm", + "weapon system" + ], + "it": [ + "arma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weapon of mass destruction", + "WMD", + "W.M.D." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weapon that kills or injures civilian as well as military personnel (nuclear and chemical and biological weapons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaponry", + "arms", + "implements of war", + "weapons system", + "munition" + ], + "it": [ + "armamento", + "armi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weapons considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weapons carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military vehicle that is a light truck designed to carry mortars or machine guns and their crews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weathercock" + ], + "it": [ + "banderola", + "banderuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weathervane with a vane in the form of a rooster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather deck", + "shelter deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upper deck having no overhead protection from the weather, but sheltering the deck below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weatherglass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple barometer for indicating changes in atmospheric pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather map", + "weather chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) a map showing the principal meteorological elements at a given time and over an extended region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather radar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radar that is able to detect clouds and precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather satellite", + "meteorological satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a satellite that transmits frequent picture of the earth below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oceangoing vessel equipped to make meteorological observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather strip", + "weatherstrip", + "weather stripping", + "weatherstripping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow strip of material to cover the joint of a door or window to exclude the cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weathervane", + "weather vane", + "vane", + "wind vane" + ], + "it": [ + "anemoscopio", + "banderola", + "banderuola", + "girandola", + "mostravento", + "pennoncello", + "ventarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weave" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura", + "intreccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pattern of weaving or structure of a fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web", + "entanglement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate trap that entangles or ensnares its victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric (especially a fabric in the process of being woven)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong fabric woven in strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow closely woven tape; used in upholstery or for seat belts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webcam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digital camera designed to take digital photographs and transmit them over the internet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding picture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographs of bride and groom and their friends taken at their wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding ring", + "wedding band" + ], + "it": [ + "anello nuziale", + "fede", + "vera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring (usually plain gold) given to the bride (and sometimes one is also given to the groom) at the wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge" + ], + "it": [ + "cuneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something solid that is usable as an inclined plane (shaped like a V) that can be pushed between two things to separate them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) an iron with considerable loft and a broad sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge heel", + "wedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heel that is an extension of the sole of the shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedgie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe with a wedge heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wedgwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of pottery made by Josiah Wedgwood and his successors; typically has a classical decoration in white on a blue background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeder", + "weed-whacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool for removing weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeds", + "widow's weeds" + ], + "it": [ + "gramaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black garment (dress) worn by a widow as a sign of mourning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weed", + "mourning band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black band worn by a man (on the arm or hat) as a sign of mourning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small suitcase to carry clothing and accessories for a weekend trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weighbridge" + ], + "it": [ + "bascula", + "bascula commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "platform scale flush with a roadway for weighing vehicles and cattle etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artifact that is heavy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight", + "free weight", + "exercising weight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sports equipment used in calisthenic exercises and weightlifting; it is not attached to anything and is raised and lowered by use of the hands and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low dam built across a stream to raise its level or divert its flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fence or wattle built across a stream to catch or retain fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wheeled vehicle carrying information and gifts from local merchants for new residents in an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weld" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone", + "saldatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal joint formed by softening with heat and fusing or hammering together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welder's mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mask that you wear for protection when doing welding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weldment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assembly of parts welded together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep hole or shaft dug or drilled to obtain water or oil or gas or brine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed compartment in a ship or plane for holding something as e.g. fish or a plane's landing gear or for protecting something as e.g. a ship's pumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open shaft through the floors of a building (as for a stairway)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavity or vessel used to contain liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wellhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure built over a well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well point", + "wellpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perforated tube driven into the ground to collect water from the surrounding area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised or strengthened seam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weston cell", + "cadmium cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard voltaic cell (trademark Weston)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar for mixing drinks that has a sink with running water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet-bulb thermometer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thermometer with a bulb that is covered with moist muslin; used in a psychrometer to measure humidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary voltaic cell having a liquid electrolyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fisherman's fly that floats under the surface of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close-fitting garment made of a permeable material; worn in cold water (as by skin divers) to retain body heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whacker", + "whopper" + ], + "it": [ + "enormità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something especially big or impressive of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whaleboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow boat designed for quick turning and use in rough seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whaler", + "whaling ship" + ], + "it": [ + "baleniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship engaged in whale fishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whaling gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gun (or device resembling a gun) for discharging a projectile (especially a harpoon) at a whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheatstone bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge used to measure resistances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat future" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheat bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "ruota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel and axle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoist so arranged that a rope unwinding from a wheel is wound onto a cylindrical drum or shaft coaxial with the wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheelchair" + ], + "it": [ + "carrozzella", + "sedia a rotelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable chair mounted on large wheels; for invalids or those who cannot walk; frequently propelled by the occupant" + ], + "it": [ + "una sedia dotata di ruote ad uso degli invalidi o delle persone che non sono in grado di camminare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeled vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vehicle that moves on wheels and usually has a container for transporting things or people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete gunlock using flint and a revolving wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheelwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device including an arrangement of wheel in a machine (especially a train of gears)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wherry" + ], + "it": [ + "burchiello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light rowboat for use in racing or for transporting goods and passengers in inland waters and harbors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wherry", + "Norfolk wherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sailing barge used especially in East Anglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whetstone" + ], + "it": [ + "cote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat stone for sharpening edged tools or knives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiffletree", + "whippletree", + "swingletree" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia", + "bilancino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crossbar that is attached to the traces of a draft horse and to the vehicle or implement that the horse is pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip" + ], + "it": [ + "scudiscio", + "staffile", + "frusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrument with a handle and a flexible lash that is used for whipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipcord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong worsted or cotton fabric with a diagonal rib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipcord" + ], + "it": [ + "sverzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely twisted hard cord used for the lashes of whips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipping post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "post formerly used in public to which offenders are tied to be whipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipping top", + "whip top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a top that is spun by whipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipstitch", + "whipping", + "whipstitching" + ], + "it": [ + "sopra mano", + "sopraggitto", + "sopramano", + "soprammano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sewing stitch passing over an edge diagonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolving mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk", + "whisk broom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small short-handled broom used to brush clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk" + ], + "it": [ + "frullino", + "frullino elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixer incorporating a coil of wires; used for whipping eggs or cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle for holding whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey jug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jug that contains whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whispering gallery", + "whispering dome" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "galleria acustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space beneath a dome or arch in which sounds produced at certain points are clearly audible at certain distant points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ], + "it": [ + "fischietto", + "fischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acoustic device that forces air or steam against an edge or into a cavity and so produces a loud shrill sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wind instrument that produces a whistling sound by blowing into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle stop", + "flag stop", + "way station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small railway station between the principal stations or a station where the train stops only on a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white" + ], + "it": [ + "bianchi", + "bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(board games) the lighter pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white flag", + "flag of truce" + ], + "it": [ + "bandiera bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flag consisting of a piece of white cloth that is hoisted to signal surrender or to ask for a truce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white goods", + "household linen" + ], + "it": [ + "biancheria", + "biancheria per la casa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drygoods for household use that are typically made of white cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large electrical home appliances (refrigerators or washing machines etc.) that are typically finished in white enamel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White House" + ], + "it": [ + "Casa Bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government building that serves as the residence and office of the President of the United States" + ], + "it": [ + "la residenza del presidente degli U.S.A." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bow tie worn as part of a man's formal evening dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash" + ], + "it": [ + "bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash consisting of lime and size in water; used for whitening walls and other surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whizbang", + "whizzbang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firecracker that (like the whizbang shell) makes a whizzing sound followed by a loud explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whizbang", + "whizzbang", + "whizbang shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small high-velocity shell; it makes a whizzing sound followed by a bang when it hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whorehouse", + "brothel", + "bordello", + "bagnio", + "house of prostitution", + "house of ill repute", + "bawdyhouse", + "cathouse", + "sporting house" + ], + "it": [ + "bordello", + "casino", + "casotto", + "lupanare", + "postribolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a building where prostitutes are available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wick", + "taper" + ], + "it": [ + "lucignolo", + "stoppino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loosely woven cord (in a candle or oil lamp) that draws fuel by capillary action up into the flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any piece of cord that conveys liquid by capillary action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicker", + "wickerwork", + "caning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work made of interlaced slender branches (especially willow branches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicker basket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basket made of wickerwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicket", + "lattice", + "grille" + ], + "it": [ + "sportello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small opening (like a window in a door) through which business can be transacted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicket", + "wicket door", + "wicket gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small gate or door (especially one that is part of a larger door)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicket", + "hoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small arch used as croquet equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cricket equipment consisting of a set of three stumps topped by crosspieces; used in playing cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wickiup", + "wikiup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lodge consisting of a frame covered with matting or brush; used by nomadic American Indians in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wide-angle lens", + "fisheye lens" + ], + "it": [ + "grandangolare", + "grandangolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camera lens having a wider than normal angle of view (and usually a short focal length); produces an image that is foreshortened in the center and increasingly distorted in the periphery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wide area network", + "WAN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer network that spans a wider area than does a local area network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widebody aircraft", + "wide-body aircraft", + "wide-body", + "twin-aisle airplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial airliner with two aisles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wide screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection screen that is much wider than it is high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wide wale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corduroy with wide ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widow's walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lookout atop a coastal house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiffle", + "Wiffle Ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a hollow plastic ball with cutouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wig" + ], + "it": [ + "parrucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairpiece covering the head and made of real or synthetic hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wigwam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Native American lodge frequently having an oval shape and covered with bark or hides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playing card whose value can be determined by the person who holds it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildcat well", + "wildcat" + ], + "it": [ + "pozzo esplorativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exploratory oil well drilled in land not known to be an oil field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willow" + ], + "it": [ + "battitoio", + "lupo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textile machine having a system of revolving spikes for opening and cleaning raw textile fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willowware", + "willow-pattern" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chinaware decorated with a blue Chinese design on a white background depicting a willow tree and often a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilton", + "Wilton carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpet woven on a Jacquard loom with loops like a Brussels carpet but having the loops cut to form a close velvety pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wimple" + ], + "it": [ + "soggolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "headdress of cloth; worn over the head and around the neck and ears by medieval women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wincey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain or twilled fabric of wool and cotton used especially for warm shirts or skirts and pajamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winceyette" + ], + "it": [ + "cotone felpato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cotton flannelette with a nap on both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winch", + "windlass" + ], + "it": [ + "argano", + "burbera", + "molinello", + "molinetto", + "mulinello", + "verricello", + "vinci", + "winch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lifting device consisting of a horizontal cylinder turned by a crank on which a cable or rope winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winchester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoulder rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windbreak", + "shelterbelt" + ], + "it": [ + "frangivento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hedge or fence of trees designed to lessen the force of the wind and reduce erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind chime", + "wind bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative arrangement of pieces of metal or glass or pottery that hang together loosely so the wind can cause them to tinkle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device around which something can be wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winder", + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave", + "chiavetta", + "corona di carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical device used to wind another device that is driven by a spring (as a clock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind farm", + "wind park", + "wind energy facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power plant that uses wind turbines to generate electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind instrument", + "wind" + ], + "it": [ + "strumento a fiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by an enclosed column of air that is moved by the breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windjammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sailing ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windmill", + "aerogenerator", + "wind generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generator that extracts usable energy from winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windmill" + ], + "it": [ + "mulino a vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mill that is powered by the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "finestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "finestrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent opening in a vehicle that allow vision out of the sides or back; usually is capable of being opened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "finestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent panel (as of an envelope) inserted in an otherwise opaque material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "finestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a rectangular part of a computer screen that contains a display different from the rest of the screen" + ], + "it": [ + "zona delimitata dello schermo, che si può aprire e chiudere, spostare e dimensionare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening in a wall or screen that admits light and air and through which customers can be served" + ], + "it": [ + "in architettura e nella tecnica delle costruzioni, apertura nel muro che assicura luminosita' ad un ambiente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blind for privacy or to keep out light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window box" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cassetta per i fiori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow box for growing plants on a windowsill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window envelope" + ], + "it": [ + "busta a finestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an envelope with a transparent panel that reveals the address on the enclosure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window frame" + ], + "it": [ + "telaio di finestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the framework that supports a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windowpane", + "window" + ], + "it": [ + "vetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pane of glass in a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screen to keep insects from entering a building through the open window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bench or similar seat built into a window recess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window shade" + ], + "it": [ + "avvolgibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opaque window blind that can cover or uncover a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windowsill" + ], + "it": [ + "davanzale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sill of a window; the horizontal member at the bottom of the window frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind rose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weather map showing the frequency and strength of winds from different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windshield", + "windscreen" + ], + "it": [ + "parabrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transparent screen (as of glass) to protect occupants of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windshield wiper", + "windscreen wiper", + "wiper", + "wiper blade" + ], + "it": [ + "tergicristallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanical device that cleans the windshield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straight chair having a shaped seat and a back of many spindles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide triangular slipknot for tying a tie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide necktie worn in a loose bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind tee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weather vane shaped like a T and located at an airfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind tunnel" + ], + "it": [ + "galleria aerodinamica", + "galleria del vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure resembling a tunnel where air is blown at known velocities for testing parts of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind turbine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turbine that is driven by the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar that serves only wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine bottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottle for holding wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine bucket", + "wine cooler" + ], + "it": [ + "portabottiglie", + "secchiello del ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bucket of ice used to chill a bottle of wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine cask", + "wine barrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrel that holds wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wineglass" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bicchiere da vino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glass that has a stem and in which wine is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wineglass heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heel on a woman's shoe in the shape of a wineglass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winepress" + ], + "it": [ + "pigiatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press that is used to extract the juice from grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winery", + "wine maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distillery where wine is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wineskin" + ], + "it": [ + "otre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal skin (usually a goatskin) that forms a bag and is used to hold and dispense wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the horizontal airfoils on either side of the fuselage of an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing", + "offstage", + "backstage" + ], + "it": [ + "retroscena", + "quinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stage area out of sight of the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "easy chair having wings on each side of a high back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing nut", + "wing-nut", + "wing screw", + "butterfly nut", + "thumbnut" + ], + "it": [ + "galletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threaded nut with winglike projections for thumb and forefinger leverage in turning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative toecap having a point extending toward the throat of the shoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shoe having a wing-tip toecap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winker", + "blinker", + "blinder" + ], + "it": [ + "paraocchi", + "parocchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blind consisting of a leather eyepatch sewn to the side of the halter that prevents a horse from seeing something on either side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiper", + "wiper arm", + "contact arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact consisting of a conducting arm that rotates over a series of fixed contacts and comes to rest on an outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiper motor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric motor that moves the windshield wiper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire" + ], + "it": [ + "fildiferro", + "filo di ferro", + "filodiferro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire", + "conducting wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal conductor that carries electricity over a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire cloth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric woven of metallic wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edge tool used in cutting wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire gauge", + "wire gage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge for measuring the diameter of wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wireless local area network", + "WLAN", + "wireless fidelity", + "WiFi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local area network that uses high frequency radio signals to transmit and receive data over distances of a few hundred feet; uses ethernet protocol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire matrix printer", + "wire printer", + "stylus printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impact printer in which each character is represented by a pattern of dots made by wires or styli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire recorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early type of magnetic recorder using iron wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire stripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool used by electricians to remove insulation from the cut end of an insulated wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wirework", + "grillwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mesh netting made of wires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiring" + ], + "it": [ + "cablaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circuit of wires for the distribution of electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiring diagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schematic drawing of the wiring of an electrical system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wishing cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magical cap that secures whatever one wishes for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch hazel", + "wych hazel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lotion consisting of an astringent alcoholic solution containing an extract from the witch hazel plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "band or rope made of twisted twigs or stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness box", + "witness stand" + ], + "it": [ + "banco dei testimoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a box enclosure for a witness when testifying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wobbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that wobbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pan with a convex bottom; used for frying in Chinese cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woman's clothing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing that is designed for women to wear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golf club with a long shaft used to hit long shots; originally made with a wooden head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcarving" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scultura in legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carving created by carving wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood chisel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chisel for working wood; it is either struck with a mallet or pushed by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcut", + "wood block", + "wood engraving" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engraving consisting of a block of wood with a design cut into it; used to make prints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcut", + "wood engraving" + ], + "it": [ + "incisione su legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made from a woodcut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodenware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ware for domestic use made of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wooden spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoon made of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wooden spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booby prize consisting of a spoon made of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodscrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metal screw that tapers to a point so that it can be driven into wood with a screwdriver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodshed" + ], + "it": [ + "legnaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shed for storing firewood or garden tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood vise", + "woodworking vise", + "shoulder vise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vise with jaws that are padded in order to hold lumber without denting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodwind", + "woodwind instrument", + "wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wind instrument other than the brass instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodwork" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "parti in legno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work made of wood; especially moldings or stairways or furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woof", + "weft", + "filling", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "trama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yarn woven across the warp yarn in weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loudspeaker that reproduces lower audio frequency sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool", + "woolen", + "woollen" + ], + "it": [ + "lana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fabric made from the hair of sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work", + "piece of work" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro", + "opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto dell'attività di persone o cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worldly possession", + "worldly good" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commodity or good associated with the earthly, rather than the spiritual, existence of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workbasket", + "workbox", + "workbag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cofanetto da lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "container for holding implements and materials for work (especially for sewing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workbench", + "work bench", + "bench" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "pancone", + "banco da lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong worktable for a carpenter or mechanic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workboard", + "work-board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal board that provides a supported surface for manual work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work camp", + "prison camp", + "prison farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a camp for trustworthy prisoners employed in government projects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work-clothing", + "work-clothes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothing worn for doing manual labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county jail that holds prisoners for periods up to 18 months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poorhouse where able-bodied poor are compelled to labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workhorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine that performs dependably under heavy use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working", + "workings" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mine or quarry that is being or has been worked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work in progress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of work that is not yet finished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work of art" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art that is a product of one of the fine arts (especially a painting or sculpture of artistic merit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work consisting of a piece of metal being machined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workplace", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "posto di lavoro", + "lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where work is done" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo ove si esercita la propria attività lavorativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "room where work is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "works", + "workings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the internal mechanism of a device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work-shirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-duty shirts worn for manual or physical work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workshop", + "shop" + ], + "it": [ + "bottega", + "officina", + "laboratorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small workplace where handcrafts or manufacturing are done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workstation" + ], + "it": [ + "workstation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desktop digital computer that is conventionally considered to be more powerful than a microcomputer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work surface" + ], + "it": [ + "piano di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horizontal surface for supporting objects used in working or playing games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worktable", + "work table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table designed for a particular task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workwear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy-duty clothes for manual or physical work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Trade Center", + "WTC", + "twin towers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twin skyscrapers 110 stories high in New York City; built 1368 feet tall in 1970 to 1973; destroyed by a terrorist attack on September 11, 2001" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Wide Web", + "WWW", + "web" + ], + "it": [ + "web", + "www", + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer network consisting of a collection of internet sites that offer text and graphics and sound and animation resources through the hypertext transfer protocol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screw thread on a gear with the teeth of a worm wheel or rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm fence", + "snake fence", + "snake-rail fence", + "Virginia fence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rail fence consisting of a zigzag of interlocking rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm gear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear consisting of a shaft with screw thread (the worm) that meshes with a toothed wheel (the worm wheel); changes the direction of the axis of rotary motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gear with the thread of a worm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worsted" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woolen fabric with a hard textured surface and no nap; woven of worsted yarns \"he wore a worsted suit\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worsted", + "worsted yarn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tightly twisted woolen yarn spun from long-staple wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrap", + "wrapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloak that is folded or wrapped around a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wraparound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment (as a dress or coat) with a full length opening; adjusts to the body by wrapping around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrapping", + "wrap", + "wrapper" + ], + "it": [ + "involucro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the covering (usually paper or cellophane) in which something is wrapped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreath", + "garland", + "coronal", + "chaplet", + "lei" + ], + "it": [ + "ghirlanda", + "corona", + "serto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes" + ], + "it": [ + "ornamento di forma circolare costituito di fiori, foglie o fronde" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreck" + ], + "it": [ + "carcassa", + "relitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship that has been destroyed at sea" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che resta di una nave naufragata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreckage" + ], + "it": [ + "resti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remaining parts of something that has been wrecked" + ], + "it": [ + "quello che rimane di un processo distruttivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrench", + "spanner" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand tool that is used to hold or twist a nut or bolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestling mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mat on which wrestling matches are conducted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestling ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square ring in which wrestlers compete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wringer" + ], + "it": [ + "strizzatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clothes dryer consisting of two rollers between which the wet clothes are squeezed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wristband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "band consisting of a part of a sleeve that covers the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wristlet", + "wrist band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band or bracelet worn around the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrist pad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective garment consisting of a pad worn by football players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrist pin", + "gudgeon pin" + ], + "it": [ + "spinotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pin joining a piston to a connecting rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wristwatch", + "wrist watch" + ], + "it": [ + "orologio da polso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watch that is worn strapped to the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of a tablet-armed chair; widened to provide a writing surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work surface consisting of a wide lightweight board that can be placed across the lap and used for writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing desk" + ], + "it": [ + "scrittoio", + "secretaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desk for writing (usually with a sloping top)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing desk" + ], + "it": [ + "bureau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portable case containing writing materials and having a writing surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing implement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an implement that is used to write" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xerographic printer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a page printer that uses the xerographic process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xerox", + "xerographic copier", + "Xerox machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duplicator (trade mark Xerox) that copies graphic matter by the action of light on an electrically charged photoconductive insulating surface in which the latent image is developed with a resinous powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xerox", + "xerox copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy made by a xerographic printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-OR circuit", + "XOR circuit", + "XOR gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gate for exclusive OR; a circuit in a computer that fires only if only one of its inputs fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-ray film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographic film used to make X-ray pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-ray machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apparatus that provides a source of X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-ray tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacuum tube containing a metal target onto which a beam of electrons is directed at high energy for the generation of X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yacht", + "racing yacht" + ], + "it": [ + "panfilo", + "yacht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expensive vessel propelled by sail or power and used for cruising or racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yacht chair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light folding armchair for outdoor use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yagi", + "Yagi aerial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharply directional antenna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yale University", + "Yale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university in Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto per animali", + "recinto degli animali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure for animals (as chicken or livestock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard" + ], + "it": [ + "antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long horizontal spar tapered at the end and used to support and spread a square sail or lateen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard", + "grounds", + "curtilage" + ], + "it": [ + "cortile", + "giardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enclosed land around a house or other building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard", + "railway yard", + "railyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area having a network of railway tracks and sidings for storage and maintenance of cars and engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either end of the yard of a square-rigged ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yarder", + "yard donkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winch (or system of winches) powered by an engine and used to haul logs from a stump to a landing or to a skid road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard goods", + "piece goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merchandise in the form of fabrics sold by the yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard marker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a marker indicating the yard line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardstick", + "yard measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruler or tape that is three feet long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yarmulke", + "yarmulka", + "yarmelke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skullcap worn by religious Jews (especially at prayer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yashmak", + "yashmac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the face veil worn by Muslim women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yataghan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long Turkish knife with a curved blade having a single edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawl", + "dandy" + ], + "it": [ + "iolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sailing vessel with two masts; a small mizzen is aft of the rudderpost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship's small boat (usually rowed by 4 or 6 oars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow flag hoist on a ship in quarantine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield", + "fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of a product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stable gear that joins two draft animals at the neck so they can work together as a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke", + "coupling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connection (like a clamp or vise) between two things so they move together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support consisting of a wooden frame across the shoulders that enables a person to carry buckets hanging from each end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yo-yo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toy consisting of a spool that is reeled up and down on a string by motions of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular domed dwelling that is portable and self-supporting; originally used by nomadic Mongol and Turkic people of central Asia but now used as inexpensive alternative or temporary housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zamboni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trademark for a machine that smooths the ice in an ice-skating rink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical device that can injure or kill by means of electric currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental metal cup-shaped holder for a hot coffee cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeppelin", + "Graf Zeppelin" + ], + "it": [ + "zeppelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large rigid dirigible designed to carry passengers or bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sight setting that will cause a projectile to hit the center of the target with no wind blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ziggurat", + "zikkurat", + "zikurat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of small metallic cymbals worn on the thumb and middle finger; used in belly dancing in rhythm with the dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc ointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ointment containing zinc that is used to treat certain skin diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zip gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude homemade pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zither", + "cither", + "zithern" + ], + "it": [ + "cetra", + "cetra da tavolo", + "zither" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical stringed instrument with strings stretched over a flat sounding board; it is laid flat and played with a plectrum and with fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zodiac" + ], + "it": [ + "zodiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a circular diagram representing the 12 zodiacal constellations and showing their signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoot suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flashy suit of extreme cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable staircase that passengers use to board or leave an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trait" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing feature of your personal nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an attribute (structural or functional) that is determined by a gene or group of genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a character inherited on an all-or-none basis and dependent on the presence of a single gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence" + ], + "it": [ + "una delle qualità caratteristiche di qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common denominator" + ], + "it": [ + "denominatore comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute that is common to all members of a category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personality" + ], + "it": [ + "individualità", + "personalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity", + "personal identity", + "individuality" + ], + "it": [ + "identità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gender identity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your identity as it is experienced with regard to your individuality as male or female; awareness normally begin in infancy and is reinforced during adolescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribution to yourself (consciously or unconsciously) of the characteristics of another person (or group of persons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complex of attributes that make a person socially attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anal personality", + "anal retentive personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a personality characterized by meticulous neatness and suspicion and reserve; said to be formed in early childhood by fixation during the anal stage of development (usually as a consequence of toilet training)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genital personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the mature personality which is not dominated by infantile pleasure drives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcissistic personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personality marked by self-love and self-absorption; unrealistic views about your own qualities and little regard for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsessive-compulsive personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personality characterized by a strong need to repeat certain acts or rituals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a personality characterized either by generous optimism or aggressive and ambitious selfishness; formed in early childhood by fixation during the oral stage of development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character", + "fiber", + "fibre" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inherent complex of attributes that determines a persons moral and ethical actions and reactions" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di caratteristiche e attitudini psichiche e morali di una persona, che ne determinano il comportamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental emotional and activating principle determining one's character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concern with or responsiveness to outward things (especially material objects as opposed to ideal concepts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inwardness", + "internality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation with what concerns human inner nature (especially ethical or ideological values)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirituality", + "spiritualism", + "spiritism", + "otherworldliness" + ], + "it": [ + "interiorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concern with things of the spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worldliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concern with worldly affairs to the neglect of spiritual needs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraversion", + "extroversion" + ], + "it": [ + "estroversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an extroverted disposition; concern with what is outside the self" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introversion" + ], + "it": [ + "introversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an introverted disposition; concern with one's own thoughts and feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambiversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a balanced disposition intermediate between extroversion and introversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aloneness", + "loneliness", + "lonesomeness", + "solitariness" + ], + "it": [ + "solitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition toward being alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being without friends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to prefer seclusion or isolation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privacy", + "privateness", + "seclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "intimità", + "privacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature" + ], + "it": [ + "natura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complex of emotional and intellectual attributes that determine a person's characteristic actions and reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animality", + "animal nature" + ], + "it": [ + "animalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical (or animal) side of a person as opposed to the spirit or intellect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposition", + "temperament" + ], + "it": [ + "animo", + "indole", + "temperamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your usual mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obsolete) a combination of elements (of dryness and warmth or of the four humors) that was once believed to determine a person's health and temperament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animalism", + "physicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation with satisfaction of physical drives and appetites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodiness", + "bloodthirstiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to shed blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart", + "spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination or tendency of a certain kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervousness" + ], + "it": [ + "nervosismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensitive or highly strung temperament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esprit de corps", + "morale", + "team spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "affiatamento", + "sintonia", + "spirito di collaborazione", + "spirito di gruppo", + "spirito di squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spirit of a group that makes the members want the group to succeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restlessness", + "uneasiness", + "queasiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to rest or relax or be still" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jactitation", + "jactation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) extremely restless tossing and twitching usually by a person with a severe illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skittishness", + "restiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "ombrosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by nervousness and quickness to take fright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsiveness", + "compulsivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of acting compulsively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsessiveness", + "obsessivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme compulsiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workaholism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compulsiveness about working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotionality", + "emotionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional nature or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drama" + ], + "it": [ + "drammaticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being arresting or highly emotional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tending to express your feelings freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affectionateness", + "fondness", + "lovingness", + "warmth" + ], + "it": [ + "affettuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality proceeding from feelings of affection or love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderness" + ], + "it": [ + "amorevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tendency to express warm and affectionate feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uxoriousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foolish fondness for or excessive submissiveness to one's wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mawkishness", + "sentimentality", + "drippiness", + "mushiness", + "soupiness", + "sloppiness" + ], + "it": [ + "leziosaggine", + "romanticheria", + "sdolcinatezza", + "sentimentalismo", + "smancerie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "falsely emotional in a maudlin way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something sentimental or trite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schmaltz", + "shmaltz", + "schmalz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) excessive sentimentality in art or music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predilection for sentimentality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat", + "warmth", + "passion" + ], + "it": [ + "ardore", + "calore", + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being intensely emotional" + ], + "it": [ + "intensa passione od emozione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passionate and quick-tempered nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperament" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "umore variabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive emotionalism or irritability and excitability (especially when displayed openly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moodiness" + ], + "it": [ + "aver la luna", + "luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having temperamental and changeable moods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperament or disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excitability", + "excitableness", + "volatility" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitabiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being easily excited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiling point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being highly angry or excited; ready to boil over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemotionality", + "emotionlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blandness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of exhibiting no personal embarrassment or concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coldness", + "coolness", + "frigidity", + "frigidness", + "iciness", + "chilliness" + ], + "it": [ + "freddezza", + "frigidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of affection or enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of feeling or expression or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispassion", + "dispassionateness", + "dryness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "objectivity and detachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoicism", + "stolidity", + "stolidness" + ], + "it": [ + "stoicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indifference to pleasure or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tepidness", + "lukewarmness" + ], + "it": [ + "tiepidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of passion, force or animation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerfulness", + "cheer", + "sunniness", + "sunshine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being cheerful and dispelling gloom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good-temperedness", + "good-humoredness", + "good-humouredness", + "good-naturedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheerful willingness to be obliging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncheerfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not conducive to cheer or good spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloominess", + "lugubriousness", + "sadness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of excessive mournfulness and uncheerfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animation", + "spiritedness", + "invigoration", + "brio", + "vivification" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being active or spirited or alive and vigorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chirpiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheerful and lively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liveliness", + "life", + "spirit", + "sprightliness" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione", + "brio", + "briosità", + "vivacità", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animation and energy in action or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pertness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being lively and confident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airiness", + "delicacy" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightness in movement or manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alacrity", + "briskness", + "smartness" + ], + "it": [ + "alacrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liveliness and eagerness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy", + "muscularity", + "vigor", + "vigour", + "vim" + ], + "it": [ + "energia", + "vigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitality", + "verve" + ], + "it": [ + "estro", + "verve", + "vivacità", + "vitalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an energetic style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enthusiastic and assured vigor and liveliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liveliness of mind or spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeziness", + "jauntiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breezy liveliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrepressibility", + "buoyancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irrepressible liveliness and good spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-spiritedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exuberant liveliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivacity" + ], + "it": [ + "animazione", + "brio", + "briosità", + "festevolezza", + "festosità", + "gaiezza", + "spigliatezza", + "vivezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by high spirits and animation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mettlesomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courageous high-spiritedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exuberance", + "enthusiasm", + "ebullience" + ], + "it": [ + "esuberanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overflowing with eager enjoyment or approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyricism" + ], + "it": [ + "entusiasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrestrained and exaggerated enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pep", + "peppiness", + "ginger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liveliness and energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inanition" + ], + "it": [ + "inanizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaustion resulting from lack of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activeness", + "activity" + ], + "it": [ + "alacrità", + "attività", + "laboriosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being active; moving or acting rapidly and energetically" + ], + "it": [ + "qualità di chi o di ciò che è attivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamism", + "pizzazz", + "pizzaz", + "oomph", + "zing" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamicità", + "dinamismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activeness of an energetic personality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inactiveness", + "inactivity", + "inertia" + ], + "it": [ + "inerzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to remain inactive or inert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "languor", + "lethargy", + "sluggishness", + "phlegm", + "flatness" + ], + "it": [ + "abulia", + "fannulloneria", + "ignavia", + "oziosità", + "pigrezza", + "pigrizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity; showing an unusual lack of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being restful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passivity", + "passiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "passività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of remaining inactive; a lack of initiative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apathy", + "indifference", + "numbness", + "spiritlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "abulia", + "apatia", + "disamore", + "indifferenza", + "letargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking enthusiasm for or interest in things generally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listlessness", + "torpidity", + "torpidness", + "torpor" + ], + "it": [ + "intorpidimento", + "torpidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity resulting from lethargy and lack of vigor or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indolence", + "laziness" + ], + "it": [ + "accidia", + "pigrizia", + "poltronaggine", + "poltroneria", + "scioperataggine", + "svogliatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inactivity resulting from a dislike of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faineance", + "idleness" + ], + "it": [ + "fannullaggine", + "oziosaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being idle out of a reluctance to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloth", + "slothfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "accidia", + "infingardaggine", + "neghittosità", + "pigrizia", + "poltronaggine", + "poltroneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disinclination to work or exert yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiftlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to be active as a consequence of lack of initiative or ambition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfectionism" + ], + "it": [ + "perfezionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to feel that anything less than perfect is unacceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permissiveness", + "tolerance" + ], + "it": [ + "permissivismo", + "permissività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to allow freedom of choice and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toleration", + "acceptance", + "sufferance" + ], + "it": [ + "tolleranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to tolerate or accept people or situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self acceptance" + ], + "it": [ + "accettazione di se stesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acceptance of yourself as you are, warts and all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulgence", + "lenience", + "leniency" + ], + "it": [ + "indulgenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to yield to the wishes of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be lenient in judging others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much permissiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpermissiveness", + "restrictiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of permissiveness or indulgence and a tendency to confine behavior within certain specified limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternness", + "strictness" + ], + "it": [ + "inflessibilità", + "rigidezza", + "rigore", + "rigorosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncompromising resolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puritanism" + ], + "it": [ + "puritanesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strictness and austerity in conduct and religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severity", + "severeness", + "harshness", + "rigor", + "rigour", + "rigorousness", + "rigourousness", + "inclemency", + "hardness", + "stiffness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza", + "crudezza", + "durezza", + "gravità", + "rigidezza", + "rigore", + "severità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive sternness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good nature" + ], + "it": [ + "bonarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheerful, obliging disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace", + "good will", + "goodwill" + ], + "it": [ + "benevolenza", + "grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to kindness and compassion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patience", + "forbearance", + "longanimity" + ], + "it": [ + "indulgenza", + "longanimità", + "magnanimità", + "pazienza", + "sopportazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good-natured tolerance of delay or incompetence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easygoingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being without worry or concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreeableness", + "agreeability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperamental disposition to be agreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complaisance", + "compliance", + "compliancy", + "obligingness", + "deference" + ], + "it": [ + "accondiscendenza", + "arrendevolezza", + "condiscendenza", + "correntezza", + "obbedienza", + "remissività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition or tendency to yield to the will of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ill nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disagreeable, irritable, or malevolent disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crabbiness", + "crabbedness", + "crossness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be ill-tempered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crankiness", + "crotchetiness", + "contrariness", + "grumpiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fussy and eccentric disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulkiness", + "sullenness", + "moroseness", + "sourness" + ], + "it": [ + "cupezza", + "scontrosaggine", + "tetraggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sullen moody resentful disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper", + "biliousness", + "irritability", + "peevishness", + "pettishness", + "snappishness", + "surliness" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteraccio", + "intrattabilità", + "irritabilità", + "ispidezza", + "misantropia", + "orsaggine", + "riserbatezza", + "riservatezza", + "ruvidezza", + "scontrosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impatience" + ], + "it": [ + "impazienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dislike of anything that causes delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intolerance" + ], + "it": [ + "intolleranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impatience with annoyances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrewishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nature given to nagging or scolding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "querulousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being given to complaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asperity", + "sharpness" + ], + "it": [ + "asperità", + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harshness of manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagreeableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ill-tempered and offensive disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitterness", + "acrimony", + "acerbity", + "jaundice", + "tartness", + "thorniness" + ], + "it": [ + "acerbità", + "acrimonia", + "amarezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rough and bitter manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggressiveness", + "belligerence", + "pugnacity" + ], + "it": [ + "bellicosità", + "belligeranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural disposition to be hostile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellicosity", + "bellicoseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural disposition to fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarrelsomeness", + "contentiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to be quarrelsome and contentious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truculence", + "truculency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstreperous and defiant aggressiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litigiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarrelsome disposition to engage in or carry on lawsuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willingness" + ], + "it": [ + "bonavoglia", + "buonavoglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheerful compliance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readiness", + "eagerness", + "zeal", + "forwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prompt willingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptiveness", + "receptivity", + "openness" + ], + "it": [ + "recettività", + "ricettività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willingness or readiness to receive (especially impressions or ideas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wholeheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undivided commitment or unreserved enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwillingness", + "involuntariness" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being unwilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reluctance", + "hesitancy", + "hesitation", + "disinclination", + "indisposition" + ], + "it": [ + "riluttanza", + "tentennare", + "tentennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certain degree of unwillingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) an unwillingness to bring repressed feelings into conscious awareness" + ], + "it": [ + "opposizione inconscia del paziente a far emergere sul piano della coscienza contenuti psichici considerati angosciosi o inaccetabili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seriousness", + "earnestness", + "serious-mindedness", + "sincerity" + ], + "it": [ + "serietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being serious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committedness", + "commitment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of sincere and steadfast fixity of purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graveness", + "gravity", + "sobriety", + "soberness", + "somberness", + "sombreness" + ], + "it": [ + "gravità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner that is serious and solemn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedateness", + "staidness", + "solemnity", + "solemness" + ], + "it": [ + "solennità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trait of dignified seriousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stodginess", + "stuffiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dull and pompous gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frivolity", + "frivolousness" + ], + "it": [ + "frivolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being frivolous; not serious or sensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giddiness", + "silliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impulsive scatterbrained manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightsomeness", + "lightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being lighthearted and frivolous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levity" + ], + "it": [ + "levità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner lacking seriousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flippancy", + "light-mindedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inappropriate levity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jocoseness", + "jocosity", + "merriness", + "humorousness" + ], + "it": [ + "giocosità", + "spassosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of merry joking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playfulness", + "fun" + ], + "it": [ + "giocosità", + "carattere giocoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to find (or make) causes for amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facetiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "playful humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impertinence", + "perkiness", + "pertness", + "sauciness", + "archness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inappropriate playfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friskiness", + "frolicsomeness", + "sportiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lively high-spirited playfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impishness", + "mischievousness", + "puckishness", + "whimsicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of behaving like an imp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humor", + "humour", + "sense of humor", + "sense of humour" + ], + "it": [ + "humour", + "umorismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of appreciating (and being able to express) the humorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being communicative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frankness", + "outspokenness" + ], + "it": [ + "candore", + "il parlare franco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being blunt and outspoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluffness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good-natured frankness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effusiveness", + "expansiveness", + "expansivity" + ], + "it": [ + "espansività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly open trait of a talkative person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluency", + "volubility", + "articulateness" + ], + "it": [ + "scioltezza", + "scorrevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being facile in speech and writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrulity", + "garrulousness", + "loquaciousness", + "loquacity", + "talkativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "garrulità", + "loquacità", + "parlantina", + "scilinguagnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being wordy and talkative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rambling talkativeness (especially in the aged)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncommunicativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being uncommunicative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muteness", + "silence" + ], + "it": [ + "mutismo", + "silenzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refusal to speak when expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secrecy", + "secretiveness", + "silence" + ], + "it": [ + "segretezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of keeping things secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secrecy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve", + "reticence", + "taciturnity" + ], + "it": [ + "riserbo", + "silenziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering anything more than necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to associate with others and to form social groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociability", + "sociableness" + ], + "it": [ + "sociabilità", + "socievolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative tendency or disposition to be sociable or associate with one's fellows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conviviality", + "joviality" + ], + "it": [ + "giovialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jovial nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "companionability", + "companionableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suitability to be a companion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chumminess", + "camaraderie", + "comradeliness", + "comradery", + "comradeship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of affording easy familiarity and sociability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gregariousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being gregarious--having a dislike of being alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "openness", + "nakedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by an attitude of ready accessibility (especially about one's actions or purposes); without concealment; not secretive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendliness" + ], + "it": [ + "affabilità", + "amichevolezza", + "confidenzialità", + "simpatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affability", + "affableness", + "amiability", + "amiableness", + "bonhomie", + "geniality" + ], + "it": [ + "affabilità", + "affidabilità", + "amabilità", + "bonarietà", + "bonomia", + "gentilezza", + "lenità", + "mitezza", + "soavità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be friendly and approachable (easy to talk to)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amicability", + "amicableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a disposition characterized by warmth and friendliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescension", + "condescendingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affability to your inferiors and temporary disregard for differences of position or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiarity", + "intimacy", + "closeness" + ], + "it": [ + "confidenza", + "dimestichezza", + "famigliarità", + "familiarità", + "intimità", + "intrinsechezza", + "intrinsichezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close or warm friendship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approachability", + "accessibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being easy to meet or deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congeniality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenial disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amity", + "cordiality" + ], + "it": [ + "cordialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cordial disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighborliness", + "neighbourliness", + "good-neighborliness", + "good-neighbourliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be friendly and helpful to neighbors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a disposition that welcomes guests and is fond of entertaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geniality, as through the effects of alcohol or marijuana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetness and light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild reasonableness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsociability", + "unsociableness" + ], + "it": [ + "salvatichezza", + "selvatichezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsociable disposition; avoiding friendship or companionship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aloofness", + "remoteness", + "standoffishness", + "withdrawnness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be distant and unsympathetic in manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unapproachability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be unapproachable; unfriendly and inaccessible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closeness", + "secretiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by a lack of openness (especially about one's actions or purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furtiveness", + "sneakiness", + "stealthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be sly and stealthy and to do things surreptitiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfriendliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfriendly disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostility", + "ill will" + ], + "it": [ + "ostilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile (very unfriendly) disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to behave aggressively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virulence", + "virulency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme hostility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misanthropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to dislike and mistrust other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncongeniality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition not to be congenial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unneighborliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unneighborly disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhospitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having an unfriendly and inhospitable disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adaptability" + ], + "it": [ + "adattabilità", + "duttilità", + "elasticità", + "flessibilità", + "souplesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to change (or be changed) to fit changed circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flexibility", + "flexibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "elasticità", + "flessibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being adaptable or variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiggle room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flexibility of interpretation or of options" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pliability", + "pliancy", + "pliantness", + "suppleness" + ], + "it": [ + "adattabilità", + "flessibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adaptability of mind or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unadaptability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inability to change or be changed to fit changed circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflexibility", + "rigidity", + "rigidness" + ], + "it": [ + "anelasticità", + "inelasticità", + "inflessibilità", + "rigidezza", + "rigidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being rigid and rigorously severe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoughtfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of thinking carefully before acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pensiveness", + "meditativeness", + "contemplativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "pensierosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep serious thoughtfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introspectiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoughtfulness about your own situation and feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliberation", + "deliberateness" + ], + "it": [ + "ponderatezza", + "riflessività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of thoughtfulness in action or decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intentionality" + ], + "it": [ + "intenzionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expressive of intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflectiveness", + "reflectivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of quiet thought or contemplation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unthoughtfulness", + "thoughtlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconsideratezza", + "incoscienza", + "irriflessione", + "irriflessività", + "sbalorditaggine", + "sconsideratezza", + "sconsiderazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not thinking carefully before acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recklessness", + "foolhardiness", + "rashness" + ], + "it": [ + "avventatezza", + "corrività", + "disavvedutezza", + "imprudenza", + "scapestrataggine", + "temerità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of giving little thought to danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventurism" + ], + "it": [ + "avventurismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recklessness in politics or foreign affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brashness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being rash and hasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desperation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desperate recklessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impulsiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "focosità", + "impulsività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of acting suddenly on impulse without reflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impetuousness", + "impetuosity" + ], + "it": [ + "impetuosità", + "irruenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rash impulsiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hastiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hasty impulsiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attentiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being observant and paying attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attentiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being considerate and thoughtful of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inattentiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not being considerate and thoughtful of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being careful and painstaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mindfulness", + "heedfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of staying aware of (paying close attention to) your responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caution", + "cautiousness", + "carefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "avvedimento", + "avvedutezza", + "cautela", + "circospezione", + "precauzione", + "prudenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precaution" + ], + "it": [ + "cautela", + "precauzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of practicing caution in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wariness", + "chariness" + ], + "it": [ + "cautela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being cautious and watchful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alertness", + "sharp-sightedness", + "on the qui vive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lively attentiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchfulness", + "vigilance", + "weather eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigilant attentiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carelessness", + "sloppiness" + ], + "it": [ + "distrazione", + "inavvertenza", + "negligenza", + "sbadataggine", + "sbalorditaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being careful or taking pains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incaution", + "incautiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of forgetting or ignoring possible danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwariness" + ], + "it": [ + "imprudenza", + "sconsideratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not being cautious and watchful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmindfulness", + "heedlessness", + "inadvertence", + "inadvertency" + ], + "it": [ + "svagatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of forgetting or ignoring your responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negligence", + "neglect", + "neglectfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "incuria", + "negligenza", + "trascuratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of neglecting responsibilities and lacking concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delinquency", + "dereliction", + "willful neglect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tendency to be negligent and uncaring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laxness", + "laxity", + "remissness", + "slackness" + ], + "it": [ + "lassismo", + "permissivismo", + "rilassatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being lax and neglectful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masculinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of behaving in ways considered typical for men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manfulness", + "manliness", + "virility" + ], + "it": [ + "virilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being manly; having the characteristics of an adult male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boyishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being characteristic of a boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machismo" + ], + "it": [ + "gallismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated masculinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoydenism", + "tomboyishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masculinity in women (especially in girls and young women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femininity", + "muliebrity" + ], + "it": [ + "femminilità", + "femminino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of behaving in ways considered typical for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womanliness", + "womanlike" + ], + "it": [ + "femminilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being womanly; having the characteristics of an adult female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladylikeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior befitting a lady" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maidenliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior befitting a young maiden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girlishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being characteristic of a girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effeminacy", + "effeminateness", + "sissiness", + "softness", + "womanishness", + "unmanliness" + ], + "it": [ + "effeminatezza", + "effemminatezza", + "svenevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being effeminate (derogatory of a man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emasculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of power and masculinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trustworthiness", + "trustiness" + ], + "it": [ + "affidabilità", + "attendibilità", + "fidatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of deserving trust and confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creditworthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trustworthiness with money as based on a person's credit history; a general qualification for borrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "responsibility", + "responsibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "responsabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fault" + ], + "it": [ + "colpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "responsibility for a bad situation or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accountability", + "answerability", + "answerableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "responsibility to someone or for some activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dependability", + "dependableness", + "reliability", + "reliableness" + ], + "it": [ + "affidabilità", + "attendibilità", + "lealtà", + "serietà", + "sincerità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being dependable or reliable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untrustworthiness", + "untrustiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not deserving trust or confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irresponsibility", + "irresponsibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "incoscienza", + "irresponsabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of untrustworthiness; the trait of lacking a sense of responsibility and not feeling accountable for your actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidity", + "solidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being solid and reliable financially or factually or morally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undependability", + "undependableness", + "unreliability", + "unreliableness" + ], + "it": [ + "inaffidabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not being dependable or reliable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flightiness", + "arbitrariness", + "whimsicality", + "whimsy", + "whimsey", + "capriciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "sfarfallamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of acting unpredictably and more from whim or caprice than from reason or judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carefreeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being without worry or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscientiousness", + "painstakingness" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienziosità", + "ineccepibilità", + "logicità", + "scrupolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being painstaking and careful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meticulousness", + "meticulosity", + "punctiliousness", + "scrupulousness" + ], + "it": [ + "acribia", + "fiscalità", + "meticolosità", + "minuziosaggine", + "minuziosità", + "pignoleria", + "puntigliosità", + "scrupolosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strict attention to minute details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughness" + ], + "it": [ + "accuratezza", + "scrupolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conscientiousness in performing all aspects of a task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diligence" + ], + "it": [ + "accuratezza", + "diligenza", + "scrupolosità", + "zelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strictness", + "stringency" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza", + "rigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conscientious attention to rules and details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconscientiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not being painstaking or careful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonchalance", + "unconcern", + "indifference" + ], + "it": [ + "distacco", + "incuranza", + "noncuranza", + "sufficenza", + "sufficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of remaining calm and seeming not to care; a casual lack of concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommendation", + "passport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any quality or characteristic that gains a person a favorable reception or acceptance or admission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance", + "visual aspect" + ], + "it": [ + "apparenza", + "aspetto", + "esteriorità", + "facciata", + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outward or visible aspect of a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agerasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "youthful appearance in an old person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look" + ], + "it": [ + "apparenza", + "aria", + "aspetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outward appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of a person's perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion" + ], + "it": [ + "carnagione", + "colorito", + "incarnato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "texture and appearance of the skin of the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression", + "effect" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto", + "impressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outward appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the impression produced by a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general impression that something (a person or organization or product) presents to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the impression created by doing something unusual or extraordinary that people notice and remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perspective", + "linear perspective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase" + ], + "it": [ + "fase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the particular appearance of a body's state of illumination (especially one of the recurring shapes of the part of Earth's moon that is illuminated by the sun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tout ensemble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a total impression or effect of something made up of individual parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanishing point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di fuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of a point on the horizon at which parallel lines converge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purely external aspect of a thing; superficial appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "format" + ], + "it": [ + "formato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general appearance of a publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "shape", + "cast" + ], + "it": [ + "figura", + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual appearance of something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persona", + "image" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Jungian psychology) a personal facade that one presents to the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semblance", + "gloss", + "color", + "colour" + ], + "it": [ + "colore", + "parvenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color of law", + "colour of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mere semblance of legal right; something done with the apparent authority of law but actually in contravention of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulacrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insubstantial or vague semblance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apparent worth as opposed to the real worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guise", + "pretense", + "pretence", + "pretext" + ], + "it": [ + "inganno", + "manto", + "maschera", + "pretesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artful or simulated semblance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disguise", + "camouflage" + ], + "it": [ + "camuffamento", + "travestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outward semblance that misrepresents the true nature of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verisimilitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of truth; the quality of seeming to be true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "faccia", + "volto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general outward appearance of something" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto esteriore, modo di apparire di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countenance", + "visage" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance conveyed by a person's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expression", + "look", + "aspect", + "facial expression", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto", + "espressione", + "faccia", + "aria", + "fisionomia", + "fisonomia", + "sguardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feelings expressed on a person's face" + ], + "it": [ + "atteggiamento del volto o comportamento che rivela uno stato d'animo, un sentimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suggestive or sneering look or grin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a face without any interpretable expression (as that of a good poker player)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band", + "banding", + "stria", + "striation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stripe or stripes of contrasting color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) an encircling band or marking around the neck of any animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch mark" + ], + "it": [ + "smagliatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow band resulting from tension on the skin (as on abdominal skin after pregnancy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light-colored marking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speck", + "pinpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "macchietta", + "macchiolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisscross", + "cross", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "croce", + "croce di S'Andrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marking that consists of lines that cross each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyespot", + "ocellus" + ], + "it": [ + "ocello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eyelike marking (as on the wings of some butterflies); usually a spot of color inside a ring of another color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch", + "hatching", + "crosshatch", + "hachure" + ], + "it": [ + "tratteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shading consisting of multiple crossing lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shading" + ], + "it": [ + "adombramento", + "ombratura", + "ombreggiatura", + "ombreggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graded markings that indicate light or shaded areas in a drawing or painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) a faint cloudy spot on the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patch of bright color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot", + "speckle", + "dapple", + "patch", + "fleck", + "maculation" + ], + "it": [ + "chiazza", + "macchia", + "patacca", + "piazzata", + "screziatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small contrasting part of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worn spot", + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot that has been worn away by abrasion or erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripe", + "streak", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "riga", + "stria", + "striscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow marking of a different color or texture from the background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairiness", + "pilosity" + ], + "it": [ + "pelosità", + "villosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hirsuteness", + "hirsutism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive hairiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not having hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty" + ], + "it": [ + "bellezza", + "bello", + "estetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the qualities that give pleasure to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beauty that is stark and powerfully impressive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glory", + "resplendence", + "resplendency" + ], + "it": [ + "gloria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliant radiant beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exquisiteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme beauty of a delicate sort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picturesqueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visually vivid and pleasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreeable beauty that gives pleasure or enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulchritude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical beauty (especially of a woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glamor", + "glamour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alluring beauty or charm (often with sex-appeal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comeliness", + "fairness", + "loveliness", + "beauteousness" + ], + "it": [ + "bellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being good looking and attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prettiness", + "cuteness" + ], + "it": [ + "grazia", + "leggiadria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being appealing in a delicate or graceful way (of a girl or young woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handsomeness", + "good looks" + ], + "it": [ + "bellezza", + "prestansa", + "prestanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having regular well-defined features (especially of a man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "appetibilità", + "avvenenza", + "estetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual allure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adorability", + "adorableness" + ], + "it": [ + "adorabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme attractiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bewitchery", + "beguilement", + "animal magnetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnetic personal charm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charisma", + "personal appeal", + "personal magnetism" + ], + "it": [ + "carisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal attractiveness or interestingness that enables you to influence others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvaceousness", + "shapeliness", + "voluptuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "voluttuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a well-rounded body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex appeal", + "desirability", + "desirableness", + "oomph" + ], + "it": [ + "sex appeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness to the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sultriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of expressing or arousing sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal", + "appealingness", + "charm" + ], + "it": [ + "attrattiva", + "charme", + "fascino", + "magia", + "malia", + "seduzione", + "vezzosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siren call", + "siren song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enticing appeal of something alluring but potentially dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness in appearance or dress or manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winsomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "childlike charm or appeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associability", + "associableness" + ], + "it": [ + "associabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of being easily associated or joined or connected in thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attraction", + "attractiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "attrattiva", + "attrazione", + "fascino", + "richiamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of arousing interest; being attractive or something that attracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural attraction or feeling of kinship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allure", + "allurement", + "temptingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to entice or attract through personal charm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tempting allurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity to attract and hold something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity for attracting people (customers or supporters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity to attract intense interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lure", + "enticement", + "come-on" + ], + "it": [ + "adescamento", + "fascino", + "pania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "qualities that attract by seeming to promise some kind of reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual attraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness on the basis of sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show-stopper", + "showstopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is strikingly attractive or has great popular appeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ugliness" + ], + "it": [ + "bruttezza", + "brutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "qualities of appearance that do not give pleasure to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsightliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ugliness that is unpleasant to look at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grotesqueness", + "grotesquery", + "grotesquerie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ludicrous or incongruous unnaturalness or distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garishness", + "gaudiness" + ], + "it": [ + "appariscenza", + "chiassosità", + "compariscenza", + "pacchianeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strident color or excessive ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpleasingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hideousness" + ], + "it": [ + "orridezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dreadful ugliness; horrible repulsiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disfigurement", + "disfiguration", + "deformity" + ], + "it": [ + "deformazione", + "deformità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance that has been spoiled or is misshapen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unattractiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ugliness of appearance that is not appealing to viewers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeliness", + "plainness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance that is not attractive or beautiful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shapelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking an esthetically pleasing shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute that tends to give stability in character and morals; something that steadies the mind or feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blemish", + "defect", + "mar" + ], + "it": [ + "difetto", + "imperfezione", + "menda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthmark", + "nevus" + ], + "it": [ + "voglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blemish on the skin that is formed before birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark made by a chattering tool on the surface of a workpiece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "chip" + ], + "it": [ + "scheggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark left after a small piece has been chopped or broken off of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blemish resulting from a break without complete separation of the parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine crack in a glaze or other surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dent", + "ding", + "gouge", + "nick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression in a surface (as made by a blow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small gouge (as in the cover of a book)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyesore" + ], + "it": [ + "mostruosità", + "obbrobrio", + "pugno in un occhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something very ugly and offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small congenital pigmented spot on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch", + "scrape", + "scar", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "grattatura", + "segno", + "sfregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication of damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "burn mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place or area that has been burned (especially on a person's body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burn mark left by a smoldering cigarette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smudge", + "spot", + "blot", + "daub", + "smear", + "smirch", + "slur" + ], + "it": [ + "baffo", + "macchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blemish made by dirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blotch", + "splodge", + "splotch" + ], + "it": [ + "chiazza", + "macchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregularly shaped spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingermark", + "fingerprint" + ], + "it": [ + "ditata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smudge made by a (dirty) finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkblot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blot made with ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stain", + "discoloration", + "discolouration" + ], + "it": [ + "chiazza", + "macchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soiled or discolored appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciacchiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discoloration caused by heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodstain" + ], + "it": [ + "macchia di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discoloration caused by blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron mold", + "iron mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot caused the staining with rust or ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud stain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stain produced by mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil stain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stain produced by oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarnish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discoloration of metal surface caused by oxidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin lesion that is a diagnostic sign of some disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port-wine stain", + "nevus flammeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat birthmark varying from pink to purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry", + "strawberry mark", + "hemangioma simplex" + ], + "it": [ + "voglia di fragola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft red birthmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wart", + "verruca" + ], + "it": [ + "porro", + "verruca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) a firm abnormal elevated blemish on the skin; caused by a virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benign growth (often with a rough surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genital wart", + "venereal wart", + "condyloma acuminatum", + "verruca acuminata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small benign wart on or around the genitals and anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juvenile wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small benign growth on the faces of hands of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantar wart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wart occurring on the sole of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plainness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of being plain and unpretentious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasteness", + "restraint", + "simplicity", + "simpleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "austereness", + "severity", + "severeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme plainness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bareness", + "starkness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme lack of furnishings or ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornateness", + "elaborateness" + ], + "it": [ + "ornatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornate appearance; being elaborately (even excessively) decorated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baroque", + "baroqueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elaborate and extensive ornamentation in decorative art and architecture that flourished in Europe in the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the artistic style of ancient Greek art with its emphasis on proportion and harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) one of original three styles of Greek architecture distinguished by the type of column and entablature used or a style developed from the original three by the Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doric order", + "Dorian order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest and simplest of the Greek orders and the only one that normally has no base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionic order", + "Ionian order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second Greek order; the capital is decorated with spiral scrolls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corinthian order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Greek order; similar to the Ionic order except the capital is decorated with carvings of acanthus leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Composite order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman order that combines the Corinthian acanthus leaves with the spiral scrolls of the Ionic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscan order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman order that resembles the Doric order but without a fluted shaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rococo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fanciful but graceful asymmetric ornamentation in art and architecture that originated in France in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamboyance", + "floridness", + "floridity", + "showiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravagant elaborateness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fussiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unnecessary elaborateness in details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance that serves to decorate and make something more attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale and sickly appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coating", + "finish", + "finishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coating for ceramics, metal, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luster", + "lustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface coating for ceramics or porcelain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoeshine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shiny finish put on shoes with polish and buffing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearness", + "clarity", + "uncloudedness" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarezza", + "chiarità", + "purezza", + "trasparenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of clear water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellucidness", + "pellucidity", + "limpidity" + ], + "it": [ + "pellucidità", + "semitrasparenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passing light without diffusion or distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transparency", + "transparence", + "transparentness" + ], + "it": [ + "diafanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being clear and transparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translucence", + "translucency", + "semitransparency" + ], + "it": [ + "traslucidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of allowing light to pass diffusely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of providing a clear unobstructed view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distinctness", + "sharpness" + ], + "it": [ + "acutezza", + "nettezza", + "nitidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sharp and clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definition" + ], + "it": [ + "definizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarity of outline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discernability", + "legibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinctness that makes perception easy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacity", + "opaqueness" + ], + "it": [ + "opacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being opaque to a degree; the degree to which something reduces the passage of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloudiness", + "murkiness", + "muddiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being cloudy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbidity", + "turbidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muddiness created by stirring up sediment or having foreign particles suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haziness", + "mistiness", + "steaminess", + "vaporousness", + "vapourousness" + ], + "it": [ + "nebbiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cloudiness resulting from haze or mist or vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indistinctness", + "softness", + "blurriness", + "fogginess", + "fuzziness" + ], + "it": [ + "nebbiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being indistinct and without sharp outlines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimness", + "faintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being dim or lacking contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indistinctness of shape or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divisibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being divisible; the capacity to be divided into parts or divided among a number of persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissiparity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to break into parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpness", + "keenness" + ], + "it": [ + "acutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinness of edge or fineness of point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuteness" + ], + "it": [ + "acume", + "acutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a sharp edge or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dullness", + "bluntness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "without sharpness or clearness of edge or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtuseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking a sharp edge or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspicuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high visibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obviousness", + "noticeability", + "noticeableness", + "patency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being easy to see and understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparentness", + "apparency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blatancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being both obvious and offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtrusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unwelcome conspicuousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boldness", + "strikingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of standing out strongly and distinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predomination", + "predominance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being more noticeable than anything else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconspicuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not easily seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unnoticeableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not easily noticed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unobtrusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not sticking out in an unwelcome way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease", + "easiness", + "simplicity", + "simpleness" + ], + "it": [ + "facilità", + "semplicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from difficulty or hardship or effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effortlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of requiring little effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facility", + "readiness" + ], + "it": [ + "facilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural effortlessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being free from errors or interruptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difficulty", + "difficultness" + ], + "it": [ + "difficoltà", + "fatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effortfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of requiring deliberate effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arduousness", + "strenuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "arduità", + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme effortfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laboriousness", + "operoseness", + "toilsomeness" + ], + "it": [ + "laboriosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of requiring extended effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asperity", + "grimness", + "hardship", + "rigor", + "rigour", + "severity", + "severeness", + "rigorousness", + "rigourousness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something hard to endure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality (as of scenery) being grim and gloomy and forbidding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardness", + "ruggedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being difficult to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formidability", + "toughness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impressive difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burdensomeness", + "heaviness", + "onerousness", + "oppressiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "faticosità", + "gravosità", + "onerosità", + "pesantezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwelcome burdensome difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtlety", + "niceness" + ], + "it": [ + "finezza", + "inafferrabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being difficult to detect or analyze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troublesomeness", + "inconvenience", + "worriment" + ], + "it": [ + "inconveniente", + "preoccupazione", + "seccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficulty that causes anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awkwardness", + "cumbersomeness", + "unwieldiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trouble in carrying or managing caused by bulk or shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flea bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very minor inconvenience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly in the ointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inconvenience that detracts from the usefulness of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwieldiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being difficult to direct or control by reason of complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combustibility", + "combustibleness", + "burnability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being capable of igniting and burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flammability", + "inflammability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being easily ignited and burning rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compatibility" + ], + "it": [ + "compatibilità", + "conciliabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of existing or performing in harmonious or congenial combination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congenialness", + "congeniality" + ], + "it": [ + "congenialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compatibility between persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmony", + "harmoniousness" + ], + "it": [ + "affiatamento", + "sintonia", + "armonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compatibility in opinion and action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sympathetic compatibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement", + "correspondence" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo", + "rispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compatibility of observations" + ], + "it": [ + "compatibilità di osservazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformity", + "conformance" + ], + "it": [ + "conformità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correspondence in form or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justness", + "rightness", + "nicety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity with the norm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congruity", + "congruousness", + "congruence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of agreeing; being suitable and appropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompatibility" + ], + "it": [ + "incompatibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unable to exist or work in congenial combination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incompatibility of dates or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incongruity", + "incongruousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of disagreeing; being unsuitable and inappropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irony" + ], + "it": [ + "ironia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socratic irony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admission of your own ignorance and willingness to learn while exposing someone's inconsistencies by close questioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suitability", + "suitableness" + ], + "it": [ + "adeguatezza", + "convenevolezza", + "convenienza", + "idoneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having the properties that are right for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arability" + ], + "it": [ + "coltivabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of land that is appropriate for cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriateness" + ], + "it": [ + "appropriatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being specially suitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felicity", + "felicitousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasing and appropriate manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aptness", + "appositeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appropriateness for the occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket", + "just the ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appropriate or desirable thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitness", + "fittingness" + ], + "it": [ + "idoneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being suitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualification", + "making" + ], + "it": [ + "abilitazione", + "qualifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eligibility" + ], + "it": [ + "elettività", + "eleggibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being eligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being insurable; the conditions under which an insurance company will issue insurance to an applicant (based on standards set by the insurance company)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriageability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eligibility for marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ineligibility" + ], + "it": [ + "ineleggibilità", + "ineligibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being ineligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uninsurability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being uninsurable; the conditions under which an insurance company will refuse to issue insurance to an applicant (based on standards set by the insurance company)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convenience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being useful and convenient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportuneness", + "patness", + "timeliness" + ], + "it": [ + "opportunità", + "tempestività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timely convenience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handiness", + "accessibility", + "availability", + "availableness" + ], + "it": [ + "comodità", + "disponibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being at hand when needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "availability for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impressiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of making a strong or vivid impression on the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigability" + ], + "it": [ + "navigabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being suitable for the passage of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neediness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of needing attention and affection and reassurance to a marked degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painfulness", + "distressingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being painful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being keenly and painfully felt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piquancy", + "piquance", + "piquantness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being agreeably stimulating or mentally exciting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being open to public view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinnability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being suitable for spinning or the capability of being spun (used of textile fibers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinnbarkeit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity of a viscous liquid (especially the cervical mucus) to be drawn out into a strand or blown up into a bubble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsuitability", + "unsuitableness", + "ineptness" + ], + "it": [ + "inadeguatezza", + "incongruità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having the wrong properties for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaptness", + "inappositeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inappropriateness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inappropriateness", + "unworthiness" + ], + "it": [ + "inadeguatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not particularly suitable or befitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infelicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inappropriate and unpleasing manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitability", + "habitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suitability for living in or on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfitness" + ], + "it": [ + "inidoneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being suitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disqualification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfitness that bars you from participation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconvenience" + ], + "it": [ + "sconvenienza", + "scarsa funzionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being useful or convenient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaccessibility", + "unavailability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being available when needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inopportuneness", + "untimeliness" + ], + "it": [ + "importunità", + "inopportunità", + "stonamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of occurring at an inconvenient time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethos" + ], + "it": [ + "ethos", + "etos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) the distinctive spirit of a culture or an era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eidos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) the distinctive expression of the cognitive or intellectual character of a culture or a social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of providing protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality" + ], + "it": [ + "qualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature" + ], + "it": [ + "natura", + "indole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanness", + "humanity", + "manhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being human" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air", + "aura", + "atmosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera", + "aria", + "atteggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aura of heightened value or interest or meaning surrounding a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic emotional quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibration", + "vibe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive emotional aura experienced instinctively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality", + "caliber", + "calibre" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "calibro", + "qualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree or grade of excellence or worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superiority", + "high quality" + ], + "it": [ + "perfezione", + "primazia", + "sopraeminenza", + "sovreminenza", + "superiorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fineness", + "choiceness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being very good indeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excellence" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "eccellenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of excelling; possessing good qualities in high degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finest or most superior quality of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admirability", + "admirableness", + "wonderfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admirable excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impressiveness", + "grandness", + "magnificence", + "richness" + ], + "it": [ + "grandiosità", + "imponenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "splendid or imposing in size or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansiveness", + "expansivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality characterized by magnificence of scale or the tendency to expand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stateliness", + "majesty", + "loftiness" + ], + "it": [ + "maestosità", + "maestà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impressiveness in scale or proportion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest rank in a classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest quality gems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingenuity", + "ingeniousness", + "cleverness" + ], + "it": [ + "creatività", + "genialità", + "ingegno", + "ingegnosità", + "valentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being ingenious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferiority", + "low quality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poorness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being poorly made or maintained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrawniness", + "scrubbiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being stunted and inferior in size or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not the highest quality in a classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wretchedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being poor and inferior and sorry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characteristic" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto distintivo", + "caratteristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing or individuating characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salability", + "salableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being salable or marketable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selling point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic of something that is up for sale that makes it attractive to potential customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallmark", + "trademark", + "earmark", + "stylemark" + ], + "it": [ + "cachet", + "marchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive characteristic or attribute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive nature, character, or type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saving grace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a redeeming quality or characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspect" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic to be considered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaseousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the consistency of a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubbliness", + "effervescence", + "frothiness" + ], + "it": [ + "effervescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of giving off bubbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foaminess" + ], + "it": [ + "spumosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being foamy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "changeableness", + "changeability" + ], + "it": [ + "incostanza", + "instabilità", + "mutabilità", + "variabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being changeable; having a marked tendency to change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutability", + "transmutability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being commutable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidity", + "fluidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a changeable quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversibility" + ], + "it": [ + "invertibilità", + "reversibilità", + "riversibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being reversible in either direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiftiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being changeable in direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconstancy", + "changefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "incostanza", + "instabilità", + "leggerezza", + "mobilità", + "mutevolezza", + "volubilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being changeable and variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capriciousness", + "unpredictability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being guided by sudden unpredictable impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variability", + "variableness", + "variance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being subject to variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condition or result of being changeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variegation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variability in coloration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchangeability", + "interchangeability", + "interchangeableness", + "fungibility" + ], + "it": [ + "intercambiabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being capable of exchange or interchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) the interchangeability of the roles of points and planes in the theorems of projective geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferability" + ], + "it": [ + "alienabilità", + "cedibilità", + "trasferibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being transferable or exchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convertibility" + ], + "it": [ + "convertibilità", + "reversibilità", + "riversibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being exchangeable (especially the ability to convert a currency into gold or other currencies without restriction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconvertibility" + ], + "it": [ + "inconvertibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being exchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replaceability", + "substitutability", + "commutability" + ], + "it": [ + "surrogabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchangeability by virtue of being replaceable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidity" + ], + "it": [ + "denaro contante", + "liquidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being in cash or easily convertible to cash; debt paying ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permutability", + "permutableness", + "transposability" + ], + "it": [ + "permutabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability to change sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressiveness", + "progressivity" + ], + "it": [ + "progressività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advancement toward better conditions or policies or methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "changelessness", + "unchangeability", + "unchangeableness", + "unchangingness" + ], + "it": [ + "definitività", + "immutabilità", + "impermutabilità", + "inalterabilità", + "inderogabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unchangeable; having a marked tendency to remain unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absoluteness" + ], + "it": [ + "assolutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being absolute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constancy", + "stability" + ], + "it": [ + "costanza", + "fermezza", + "fissità", + "immutabilità", + "invariabilità", + "stazionarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being enduring and free from change or variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invariance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nature of a quantity or property or function that remains unchanged when a given transformation is applied to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metastability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of a physical system that persists in its existing equilibrium when undisturbed (or only slightly disturbed) but able to pass to a more stable equilibrium when sufficiently disturbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constancy of tone or pitch or inflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being innate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreversibility" + ], + "it": [ + "irreversibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being irreversible (once done it cannot be changed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invariability", + "invariableness", + "invariance" + ], + "it": [ + "invarianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being resistant to variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unvariedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by an absence of variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotony", + "humdrum", + "sameness" + ], + "it": [ + "monotonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of wearisome constancy, routine, and lack of variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixedness", + "unalterability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being fixed and unchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unexchangeability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being incapable of exchange or interchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incommutability" + ], + "it": [ + "incommutabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not interchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreplaceableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being irreplaceable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutability", + "mutableness" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilità", + "mutabilità", + "mutevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being capable of mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alterability" + ], + "it": [ + "alterabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being alterable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicissitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutability in life or nature (especially successive alternation from one condition to another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immutability", + "immutableness", + "fixity" + ], + "it": [ + "immutabilità", + "inalterabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being incapable of mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unalterability" + ], + "it": [ + "inalterabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being alterable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurability" + ], + "it": [ + "incurabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incapability of being altered in disposition or habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being timeless and eternal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sameness" + ], + "it": [ + "monotonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being alike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otherness", + "distinctness", + "separateness" + ], + "it": [ + "diversità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not alike; being distinct or different from that otherwise experienced or known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity", + "identicalness", + "indistinguishability" + ], + "it": [ + "identità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exact sameness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oneness", + "unity" + ], + "it": [ + "unità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being united into one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selfsameness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being identical with itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "similarity" + ], + "it": [ + "assomiglianza", + "sembianza", + "similarità", + "similitudine", + "somiglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approximation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of coming near to identity (especially close in quantity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) similarity because of common evolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homology" + ], + "it": [ + "omologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being similar or corresponding in position or value or structure or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homomorphism", + "homomorphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similarity of form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomorphism", + "isomorphy" + ], + "it": [ + "isomorfismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) similarity or identity of form or shape or structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "likeness", + "alikeness", + "similitude" + ], + "it": [ + "rassembranza", + "rassomiglianza", + "similarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallelism", + "correspondence" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondenza", + "parallelismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similarity by virtue of corresponding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniformity", + "uniformness" + ], + "it": [ + "regolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking diversity or variation (even to the point of boredom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogeneity", + "homogeneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "omogeneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being similar or comparable in kind or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consistency", + "consistence" + ], + "it": [ + "coerenza", + "consistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harmonious uniformity or agreement among things or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close approximation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approximate definition or example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analogue", + "analog", + "parallel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cosa analoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something having the property of being analogous to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close parallel of a feeling, idea, style, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparison", + "compare", + "equivalence", + "comparability" + ], + "it": [ + "comparabilità", + "confronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "qualities that are comparable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror image", + "reflection", + "reflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine speculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a likeness in which left and right are reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the likeness of a representation to the thing represented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resemblance" + ], + "it": [ + "rassomiglianza", + "somiglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similarity in appearance or external or superficial details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitting image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perfect likeness or counterpart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual resemblance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "symmetrical resemblance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inherent resemblance between persons or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equality" + ], + "it": [ + "eguaglianza", + "egualità", + "parità", + "ugualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equatability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of being equated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivalence" + ], + "it": [ + "equipollenza", + "equivalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "essential equality and interchangeability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity" + ], + "it": [ + "parità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "functional equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being balanced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of measure (e.g., equality of height above sea level or equality of loudness etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difference" + ], + "it": [ + "differenza", + "diversità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unlike or dissimilar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality that differentiates between similar things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguishing characteristics (especially in different species of a genus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distinction" + ], + "it": [ + "distinzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discrepancy", + "disagreement", + "divergence", + "variance" + ], + "it": [ + "attrito", + "disaccordo", + "discrepanza", + "dissonanza", + "divergenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difference between conflicting facts or claims or opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance", + "leeway", + "margin", + "tolerance" + ], + "it": [ + "margine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimilarity", + "unsimilarity" + ], + "it": [ + "difformità", + "discordanza", + "disformità", + "sconcordanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being dissimilar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disparateness", + "distinctiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter dissimilarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the lack of correspondence of apparently similar body parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlikeness", + "dissimilitude" + ], + "it": [ + "dissimiglianza", + "dissomiglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissimilarity evidenced by an absence of likeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonuniformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being diverse and interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterogeneity", + "heterogeneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "disparatezza", + "eterogeneità", + "ibridismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being diverse and not comparable in kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverseness", + "diversity", + "multifariousness", + "variety" + ], + "it": [ + "diversità", + "molteplicità", + "pluralità", + "poliedricità", + "svariatezza", + "varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noticeable heterogeneity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biodiversity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconsistency" + ], + "it": [ + "incongruenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inconsistent and lacking a harmonious uniformity among things or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variety", + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difference that is usually pleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inequality" + ], + "it": [ + "disagguaglianza", + "diseguaglianza", + "dislivello", + "disparità", + "disuguaglianza", + "ineguaglianza", + "inuguaglianza", + "sperequazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i61999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonequivalence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not interchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disparity" + ], + "it": [ + "disparità", + "distanza", + "ineguaglianza", + "inuguaglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inequality or difference in some respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "far cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disappointing disparity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gap", + "spread" + ], + "it": [ + "divario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulf", + "disconnect", + "disconnection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbridgeable disparity (as from a failure of understanding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unevenness" + ], + "it": [ + "asperità", + "ineguaglianza", + "inuguaglianza", + "irregolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unbalanced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certainty", + "sure thing", + "foregone conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "certezza", + "sicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is certain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absolute certainty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ineluctability", + "unavoidability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being impossible to avoid or evade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inevitability", + "inevitableness" + ], + "it": [ + "fatalità", + "ineludibilità", + "ineluttabilità", + "inevitabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unavoidable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determinateness", + "definiteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being predictable with great confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finality", + "conclusiveness", + "decisiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "inappellabilità", + "irrevocabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being final or definitely settled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something clearly established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indisputability", + "indubitability", + "unquestionability", + "unquestionableness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconfutabilità", + "incontestabilità", + "incontrovertibilità", + "insindacabilità", + "irrefutabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being beyond question or dispute or doubt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incontrovertibility", + "incontrovertibleness", + "positivity", + "positiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "incontrovertibilità", + "inoppugnabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being undeniable and not worth arguing about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrability", + "provability" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrabilità", + "provabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of being demonstrated or logically proved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "givenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being granted as a supposition; of being acknowledged or assumed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral certainty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "certainty based on an inner conviction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predictability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being predictable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probability" + ], + "it": [ + "probabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being probable; a probable event or the most probable event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the likelihood of a thing occurring rather than not occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "likelihood", + "likeliness" + ], + "it": [ + "probabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the probability of a specified outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncertainty", + "uncertainness", + "precariousness" + ], + "it": [ + "incertezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being unsettled or in doubt or dependent on chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam dunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is a sure to occur; a foregone conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubt", + "dubiousness", + "doubtfulness", + "question" + ], + "it": [ + "dubbio", + "incertezza", + "interrogativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indefiniteness", + "indeterminateness", + "indefinity", + "indetermination", + "indeterminacy" + ], + "it": [ + "genericismo", + "genericità", + "impersonalità", + "indefinitezza", + "indeterminatezza", + "sbrigatività", + "sommarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being vague and poorly defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconclusiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconcludenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inconclusive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpredictability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking predictability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improbability", + "improbableness" + ], + "it": [ + "improbabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being improbable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlikelihood", + "unlikeliness" + ], + "it": [ + "inverisimiglianza", + "inverosimiglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the improbability of a specified outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortuitousness" + ], + "it": [ + "casualità", + "incidentalità", + "occasionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of happening accidentally and by lucky chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being a conclusion or opinion based on supposition and conjecture rather than on fact or investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factuality", + "factualness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being actual or based on fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterfactuality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being contrary to fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concreteness" + ], + "it": [ + "concretezza", + "effettualità", + "materialità", + "pragmatismo", + "prammatismo", + "realismo", + "realtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being concrete (not abstract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangibility", + "tangibleness", + "palpability" + ], + "it": [ + "tangibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being perceivable by touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intangibility", + "intangibleness", + "impalpability" + ], + "it": [ + "impalpabilità", + "intangibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being intangible and not perceptible by touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhereing to the concrete construal of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materiality", + "physicalness", + "corporeality", + "corporality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being physical; consisting of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substantiality", + "substantialness", + "solidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being substantial or having substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immateriality", + "incorporeality" + ], + "it": [ + "immaterialità", + "incorporeità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being physical; not consisting of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insubstantiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking substance or reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something with no concrete substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractness" + ], + "it": [ + "astrattezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being considered apart from a specific instance or object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that is real" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unreality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that is unreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particularity", + "specialness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being particular and pertaining to a specific case or instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specificity" + ], + "it": [ + "specificità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being specific rather than general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specificity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being specific to a particular organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individuality", + "individualism", + "individuation" + ], + "it": [ + "individualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singularity", + "uniqueness" + ], + "it": [ + "singolarità", + "unicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being one of a kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peculiarity", + "specialness", + "specialty", + "speciality", + "distinctiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteristica", + "qualità", + "singolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing trait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiosyncrasy", + "foible", + "mannerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generality" + ], + "it": [ + "generalità", + "universalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being general or widespread or having general applicability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonality", + "commonness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharing of common attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidarity" + ], + "it": [ + "compattezza", + "solidarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union of interests or purposes or sympathies among members of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervasiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of filling or spreading throughout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevalence" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "larga diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of prevailing generally; being widespread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general acceptance or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universality", + "catholicity" + ], + "it": [ + "cattolicità", + "generalità", + "universalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being universal; existing everywhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being complete and indiscriminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplicity", + "simpleness" + ], + "it": [ + "semplicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being simple or uncompounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexity", + "complexness" + ], + "it": [ + "complessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being intricate and compounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complicatedness", + "complication", + "knottiness", + "tortuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puzzling complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaborateness", + "elaboration", + "intricacy", + "involution" + ], + "it": [ + "elaboratezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marked by elaborately complex detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapestry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that resembles a tapestry in its complex pictorial designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trickiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of requiring skill or caution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regularity" + ], + "it": [ + "metodicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being characterized by a fixed principle or rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclicity", + "periodicity" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of recurring at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm", + "regular recurrence" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurring at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac rhythm", + "heart rhythm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rhythm of a beating heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrioventricular nodal rhythm", + "nodal rhythm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal cardiac rhythm when the heart is controlled by the atrioventricular node" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderliness", + "methodicalness" + ], + "it": [ + "metodicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of appreciating method and system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization", + "organisation", + "system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition in which everything is regular and unvarying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogeneity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being of uniform throughout in composition or structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhomogeneity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inhomogeneous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evenness", + "invariability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of uniformity and lack of variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a level and even surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "even spacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regularity of spacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steadiness" + ], + "it": [ + "uniformità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being steady--regular and unvarying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irregularity", + "unregularity" + ], + "it": [ + "irregolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not characterized by a fixed principle or rate; at irregular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitfulness", + "jerkiness" + ], + "it": [ + "irregolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being spasmodic and irregular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermittence", + "intermittency" + ], + "it": [ + "intermittenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being intermittent; subject to interruption or periodic stopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluctuation", + "wavering" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillazione", + "variazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unsteady and subject to changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the twinkling of the stars caused when changes in the density of the earth's atmosphere produce uneven refraction of starlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "randomness", + "haphazardness", + "stochasticity", + "noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ergodicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of stochastic systems; generally, a system that tends in probability to a limiting form that is independent of the initial conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spasticity" + ], + "it": [ + "spasticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of moving or acting in spasms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unevenness", + "variability" + ], + "it": [ + "irregolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being uneven and lacking uniformity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of abounding in rocks and stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruggedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being topologically uneven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being hilly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaggedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something irregular like a bump or crack in a smooth surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unevenness in quality or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waviness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unevenness produced by waves or wrinkles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variability attributable to individual differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsteadiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unsteady--varying and unpredictable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobility" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of moving freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locomotion", + "motive power", + "motivity" + ], + "it": [ + "locomozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power or ability to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motility" + ], + "it": [ + "motilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability to move spontaneously and independently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movability", + "movableness" + ], + "it": [ + "amovibilità", + "mobilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being movable; capable of being moved or rearranged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuverability", + "manoeuvrability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being maneuverable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being controllable by skilled movements of the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looseness", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco", + "agio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement or space for movement" + ], + "it": [ + "piccolo spazio che si lascia tra due pezzi di un meccanismo per facilitarne il movimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ceaselessly moving or active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weatherliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a sailing vessel) the quality of being able to sail close to the wind with little drift to the leeward (even in a stiff wind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiggliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jerky back and forth kind of mobility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack", + "slackness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mancanza di tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being loose (not taut)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsteadiness", + "ricketiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being steady or securely fixed in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instability", + "unstableness" + ], + "it": [ + "fluidità", + "instabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shakiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unstable and insecure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portability" + ], + "it": [ + "trasportabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being light enough to be carried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobility" + ], + "it": [ + "immobilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immotility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking an ability to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immobility by virtue of being inert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immovability", + "immovableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not capable of being moved or rearranged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tightness", + "tautness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of movement or room for movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastness", + "fixedness", + "fixity", + "fixture", + "secureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being fixed in place as by some firm attachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of movability by virtue of being free from attachment or other restraints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodgment", + "lodgement", + "lodging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state or quality of being lodged or fixed even temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steadiness", + "firmness" + ], + "it": [ + "saldezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being steady or securely and immovably fixed in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granite" + ], + "it": [ + "granito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something having the quality of granite (unyielding firmness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being steady and unfailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stability", + "stableness" + ], + "it": [ + "fermezza", + "saldezza", + "stabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or attribute of being firm and steadfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasantness", + "sweetness" + ], + "it": [ + "amenità", + "gradevolezza", + "piacevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of giving pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreeableness", + "amenity" + ], + "it": [ + "amenità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoyableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasantness resulting from something that can be enjoyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niceness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of nice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpleasantness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of giving displeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagreeableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being disagreeable and unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrasiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sharply disagreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acridity", + "acridness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sharply disagreeable in language or tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpalatability", + "unpalatableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being unacceptable to the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgustingness", + "unsavoriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being extremely unacceptable to the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nastiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offensiveness", + "odiousness", + "distastefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loathsomeness", + "repulsiveness", + "sliminess", + "vileness", + "lousiness", + "wickedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being disgusting to the senses or emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatefulness", + "obnoxiousness", + "objectionableness" + ], + "it": [ + "odiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being hateful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beastliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpleasant nastiness; used especially of nasty weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awfulness", + "dreadfulness", + "horridness", + "terribleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of extreme unpleasantness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frightfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "spaventevolezza", + "spaventosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being frightful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghastliness", + "grimness", + "gruesomeness", + "luridness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ghastly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credibility", + "credibleness", + "believability" + ], + "it": [ + "attendibilità", + "credibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being believable or trustworthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authenticity", + "genuineness", + "legitimacy" + ], + "it": [ + "autenticità", + "genuinità", + "originalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undisputed credibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real McCoy", + "real thing", + "real stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal usage attributing authenticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cogency", + "validity", + "rigor", + "rigour" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto", + "fondatezza", + "indubitabilità", + "validità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being valid and rigorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plausibility", + "plausibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "plausibilità", + "verisimiglianza", + "verosimiglianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparent validity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasonableness", + "tenability", + "tenableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being plausible or acceptable to a reasonable person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incredibility", + "incredibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "eccezionalità", + "favolosità", + "incredibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being incredible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implausibility", + "implausibleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of provoking disbelief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street credibility", + "street cred", + "cred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credibility among young fashionable urban individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logicality", + "logicalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correct and valid reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationality", + "rationalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being consistent with or based on logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consistency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deducible from the axioms contradict one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "completeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that a contradiction arises if any proposition is introduced that cannot be derived from the axioms of the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illogicality", + "illogicalness", + "illogic", + "inconsequence" + ], + "it": [ + "illogicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invalid or incorrect reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalness" + ], + "it": [ + "genuinità", + "naturalezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being natural or based on natural principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unaffectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not affected; a personal manner that is not consciously constrained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplicity", + "simmpleness" + ], + "it": [ + "semplicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence of affectation or pretense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sincerity", + "unassumingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of naturalness and simplicity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spontaneity", + "spontaneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "genuinità", + "immediatezza", + "naturalezza", + "naturalità", + "spontaneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being spontaneous and coming from natural feelings without constraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease", + "informality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from constraint or embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpretentiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being natural and without pretensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalization", + "naturalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being brought into conformity with nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unnaturalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unnatural or not based on natural principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being false or artificial (as to impress others)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airs", + "pose" + ], + "it": [ + "atteggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affected manners intended to impress others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyness", + "demureness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "falsa timidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the affectation of being demure in a provocative way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preciosity", + "preciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "preziosismo", + "preziosità", + "ricercatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being fastidious or excessively refined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificiality" + ], + "it": [ + "artificialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being produced by people and not occurring naturally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staginess", + "theatricality" + ], + "it": [ + "teatralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial and mannered quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretension", + "pretense", + "pretence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false or unsupportable quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretentiousness", + "pretension", + "largeness" + ], + "it": [ + "pretensiosità", + "pretenziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being pretentious (behaving or speaking in such a manner as to create a false appearance of great importance or worth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostentation" + ], + "it": [ + "ostentazione", + "sciorinamento", + "sfarzosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretentious or showy or vulgar display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernaturalism", + "supernaturalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being attributed to power that seems to violate or go beyond natural forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtu", + "vertu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artistic quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wholesomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being beneficial and generally good for you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutritiousness", + "nutritiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being nourishing and promoting healthy growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "healthfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of promoting good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salubrity", + "salubriousness" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being salubrious and invigorating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwholesomeness", + "morbidness", + "morbidity" + ], + "it": [ + "insalubrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unhealthful and generally bad for you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmfulness", + "noisomeness", + "noxiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "nocività", + "perniciosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being noxious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perniciousness", + "toxicity" + ], + "it": [ + "dannosità", + "nocività", + "tossicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grave harmfulness or deadliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadliness", + "lethality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being deadly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being able to cause death or fatal disasters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunity", + "jejuneness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of lacking nutritive value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putrescence", + "rottenness" + ], + "it": [ + "putridume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of rotting and becoming putrid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhealthfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of promoting poor health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insalubrity", + "insalubriousness" + ], + "it": [ + "insalubrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being insalubrious and debilitating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfactoriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of giving satisfaction sufficient to meet a demand or requirement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adequacy", + "adequateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being able to meet a need satisfactorily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptability", + "acceptableness" + ], + "it": [ + "ammissibilità", + "tollerabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfactoriness by virtue of conforming to approved standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admissibility" + ], + "it": [ + "accettabilità", + "ammissibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptability by virtue of being admissible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permissibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admissibility as a consequence of being permitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsatisfactoriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inadequate or unsuitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inadequacy", + "inadequateness" + ], + "it": [ + "inadeguatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsatisfactoriness by virtue of being inadequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perishability", + "perishableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsatisfactoriness by virtue of being subject to decay or spoilage or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unacceptability", + "unacceptableness" + ], + "it": [ + "inaccettabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsatisfactoriness by virtue of not conforming to approved standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inadmissibility" + ], + "it": [ + "inammissibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unacceptability as a consequence of not being admissible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impermissibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadmissibility as a consequence of not being permitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatability", + "palatableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptability to the mind or feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinariness", + "mundaneness", + "mundanity" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being commonplace and ordinary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "averageness", + "mediocrity" + ], + "it": [ + "mediocrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinariness as a consequence of being expected and not surprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normality", + "normalcy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expectedness as a consequence of being usual or regular or common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonness", + "commonplaceness", + "everydayness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinariness as a consequence of being frequent and commonplace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosiness", + "prosaicness" + ], + "it": [ + "prosaicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonplaceness as a consequence of being humdrum and not exciting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usualness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonness by virtue of not being unusual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiarity" + ], + "it": [ + "familiarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usualness by virtue of being familiar or well known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraordinariness" + ], + "it": [ + "straordinarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being extraordinary and not commonly encountered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unexpectedness", + "surprisingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraordinariness by virtue of being unexpected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncommonness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraordinariness as a consequence of being rare and seldom encountered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncommonness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraordinariness as a consequence of being marked by an uncommon or superlative quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unusualness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncommonness by virtue of being unusual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfamiliarity", + "strangeness" + ], + "it": [ + "singolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusualness as a consequence of not being well known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oddity", + "queerness", + "quirk", + "quirkiness", + "crotchet" + ], + "it": [ + "bizzarria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strange attitude or habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eeriness", + "ghostliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strangeness by virtue of being mysterious and inspiring fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnormality", + "freakishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marked strangeness as a consequence of being abnormal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strangeness by virtue of being remarkable or unusual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlandishness", + "bizarreness", + "weirdness" + ], + "it": [ + "bislaccheria", + "bizzarria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strikingly out of the ordinary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strangeness as a consequence of being old fashioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eccentricity" + ], + "it": [ + "eccentricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strange and unconventional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oddity", + "oddness" + ], + "it": [ + "bizzarria", + "originalità", + "singolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eccentricity that is not easily explained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic quality or affiliation resulting from racial or cultural ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreignness", + "strangeness", + "curiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "singolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being alien or not native" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exoticism", + "exoticness", + "exotism" + ], + "it": [ + "esoticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being exotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienage", + "alienism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being alien" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of belonging to or being connected with a certain place or region by virtue of birth or origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigenousness", + "autochthony", + "endemism" + ], + "it": [ + "autoctonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nativeness by virtue of originating or occurring naturally (as in a particular place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being new and original (not derived from something else)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshness", + "novelty" + ], + "it": [ + "novità", + "freschezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originality by virtue of being refreshingly novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unorthodoxy", + "heterodoxy" + ], + "it": [ + "eterodossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unorthodox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconventionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unorthodoxy by virtue of being unconventional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unorthodoxy as a consequence of not conforming to expected standards or values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unoriginality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unoriginal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodoxy" + ], + "it": [ + "ortodossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being orthodox (especially in religion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventionality", + "convention", + "conventionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orthodoxy as a consequence of being conventional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossification", + "conformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardened conventionality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traditionalism", + "traditionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strict adherence to traditional methods or teachings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholasticism", + "academicism", + "academism" + ], + "it": [ + "accademismo", + "manierismo", + "scolasticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orthodoxy of a scholastic variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correctness", + "rightness" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiustatezza", + "correttezza", + "esattezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity to fact or truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorrectness", + "wrongness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not conforming to fact or truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erroneousness", + "error" + ], + "it": [ + "errore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inadvertent incorrectness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the error of a compass due to local magnetic disturbances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accuracy", + "truth" + ], + "it": [ + "accuratezza", + "esattezza", + "precisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being near to the true value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accuracy" + ], + "it": [ + "esattezza", + "precisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the number of significant figures given in a number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exactness", + "exactitude" + ], + "it": [ + "accuratezza", + "determinatezza", + "esattezza", + "precisione", + "rigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being exact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minuteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great precision; painstaking attention to details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preciseness", + "precision" + ], + "it": [ + "esattezza", + "precisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being reproducible in amount or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exactness of adjustment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fidelity" + ], + "it": [ + "fedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaccuracy" + ], + "it": [ + "imprecisione", + "inesattezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inaccurate and having errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inexactness", + "inexactitude" + ], + "it": [ + "inesattezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inaccurate and having errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impreciseness", + "imprecision" + ], + "it": [ + "imprecisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking precision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of strict accuracy; laxity of practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infallibility" + ], + "it": [ + "infallibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of never making an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inerrancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) exemption from error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "errancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fallibility as indicated by erring or a tendency to err" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papal infallibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief of the Roman Catholic Church that God protects the pope from error when he speaks about faith or morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "errancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) holding views that disagree with accepted doctrine; especially disagreement with papal infallibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unreliability attributable to being unstable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproducibility", + "duplicability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being reproducible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreproducibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unreproducible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallibility" + ], + "it": [ + "fallibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the likelihood of making errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distinction" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of having merit or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deservingness", + "merit", + "meritoriousness" + ], + "it": [ + "benemerenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being deserving (e.g., deserving assistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praiseworthiness", + "laudability", + "laudableness" + ], + "it": [ + "lodevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being worthy of praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being worthy of being quoted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadworthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of motor vehicles) the quality of being fit to drive on the open road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unworthiness" + ], + "it": [ + "indegnità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of lacking merit or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseness", + "sordidness", + "contemptibility", + "despicableness", + "despicability" + ], + "it": [ + "abbiettezza", + "abiettezza", + "spregevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unworthiness by virtue of lacking higher values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamefulness", + "disgracefulness", + "ignominiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unworthiness meriting public disgrace and dishonor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandalousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disgracefulness that offends public morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularity" + ], + "it": [ + "popolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being popular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpopularity" + ], + "it": [ + "impopolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking general approval or acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawfulness by virtue of conformity to a legal statute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validity", + "validness" + ], + "it": [ + "validità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having legal force or effectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto", + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a law) having legal validity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "giuridicità", + "legalità", + "liceità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of conforming to law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legitimacy" + ], + "it": [ + "legalità", + "legittimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lawfulness by virtue of being authorized or in accordance with law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of strictly conforming to law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illegality" + ], + "it": [ + "illegalismo", + "illegalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlawfulness by virtue of violating some legal statute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidity", + "invalidness" + ], + "it": [ + "invalidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illogicality as a consequence of having a conclusion that does not follow from the premisses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "fallacia", + "inattendibilità", + "infondatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "result of a fallacy or error in reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlawfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "illegalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of failing to conform to law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawlessness", + "outlawry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illegality as a consequence of unlawful acts; defiance of the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illegitimacy" + ], + "it": [ + "illeceità", + "illegittimità", + "illiceità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlawfulness by virtue of not being authorized by or in accordance with law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illicitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not conforming strictly to law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of questionable honesty or legality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinement", + "civilization", + "civilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegance" + ], + "it": [ + "eleganza", + "forbitezza", + "signorilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refined quality of gracefulness and good taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of neatness and ingenious simplicity in the solution of a problem (especially in science or mathematics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash", + "elan", + "flair", + "panache", + "style" + ], + "it": [ + "stile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinctive and stylish elegance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daintiness", + "delicacy", + "fineness" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance suggestive of a royal court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tastefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance indicated by good taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeding", + "genteelness", + "gentility" + ], + "it": [ + "aristocrazia", + "distinzione", + "eleganza", + "finezza", + "garbo", + "raffinatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chic", + "chicness", + "chichi", + "modishness", + "smartness", + "stylishness", + "swank", + "last word" + ], + "it": [ + "attillatura", + "eleganza", + "raffinatezza", + "ricercatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance by virtue of being fashionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jauntiness", + "nattiness", + "dapperness", + "rakishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stylishness as evidenced by a smart appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnificence", + "brilliance", + "splendor", + "splendour", + "grandeur", + "grandness" + ], + "it": [ + "fastosità", + "grandiosità", + "magnificenza", + "sfarzo", + "sfarzosità", + "sontuosità", + "splendidezza", + "splendore", + "suntuosità", + "grandezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being magnificent or splendid or grand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliant or conspicuous success or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomp", + "eclat" + ], + "it": [ + "fasto", + "magnificenza", + "pompa", + "sontuosità", + "suntuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceremonial elegance and splendor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class" + ], + "it": [ + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance in dress or behavior" + ], + "it": [ + "signorilità, distinzione, eleganza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inelegance" + ], + "it": [ + "ineleganza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking refinement and good taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awkwardness", + "clumsiness", + "gracelessness", + "stiffness" + ], + "it": [ + "goffaggine", + "sgraziataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inelegance of someone stiff and unrelaxed (as by embarrassment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being wooden and awkward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusticity", + "gaucherie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being rustic or gauche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or character of life in a city or town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowdiness", + "drabness", + "homeliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a drab or dowdy quality; lacking stylishness or elegance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shabbiness", + "seediness", + "manginess", + "sleaziness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of elegance as a consequence of wearing threadbare or dirty clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweediness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal, homely, outdoor look characteristic of those who wear tweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raggedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shabbiness by virtue of being in rags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarseness", + "commonness", + "grossness", + "vulgarity", + "vulgarism", + "raunch" + ], + "it": [ + "asineria", + "banalità", + "grossaggine", + "grossolanità", + "pecoreccio", + "rozzezza", + "rudezza", + "rusticaggine", + "rustichezza", + "sguaiataggine", + "trivialità", + "volgarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking taste and refinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crudeness", + "roughness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza", + "rozzezza", + "rudezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpolished unrefined quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boorishness", + "uncouthness" + ], + "it": [ + "cafonaggine", + "cafoneria", + "ignoranza", + "rozzezza", + "sgarbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inelegance by virtue of being an uncouth boor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostentation", + "ostentatiousness", + "pomposity", + "pompousness", + "pretentiousness", + "puffiness", + "splashiness", + "inflation" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "iattanza", + "iattazione", + "pomposità", + "presuntuosità", + "pretensione", + "prosopopea", + "sfarzosità", + "tumidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of elegance as a consequence of being pompous and puffed up with vanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tastelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inelegance indicated by a lack of good taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheapness", + "tackiness", + "tat", + "sleaze" + ], + "it": [ + "dozzinalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tastelessness by virtue of being cheap and vulgar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashiness", + "garishness", + "gaudiness", + "loudness", + "brashness", + "meretriciousness", + "tawdriness", + "glitz" + ], + "it": [ + "pacchianeria", + "vistosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tasteless showiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comprehensibility", + "understandability" + ], + "it": [ + "intellegibilità", + "intelligibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of comprehensible language or thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legibility", + "readability" + ], + "it": [ + "leggibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of writing (print or handwriting) that can be easily read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligibility" + ], + "it": [ + "intellegibilità", + "intelligibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of language that is comprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expressiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "espressività", + "forza espressiva", + "espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being expressive" + ], + "it": [ + "modo intenso ed efficace di dare forma ai propri sentimenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picturesqueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being strikingly expressive or vivid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readability" + ], + "it": [ + "leggibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of written language that makes it easy to read and understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech intelligibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intelligibility of speech (usually measured in the presence of noise or distortion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarity", + "lucidity", + "lucidness", + "pellucidity", + "clearness", + "limpidity" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarezza", + "limpidezza", + "lucidità", + "nettezza", + "nitidezza", + "nitore", + "perspicuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monosemy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a single meaning (absence of ambiguity) usually of individual words or phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coherence", + "coherency" + ], + "it": [ + "coerenza", + "coesione", + "congruenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "logical and orderly and consistent relation of parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preciseness", + "clearcutness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarity as a consequence of precision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perspicuity", + "perspicuousness", + "plainness" + ], + "it": [ + "evidenza", + "perspicuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarity as a consequence of being perspicuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unambiguity", + "unequivocalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarity achieved by the avoidance of ambiguity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explicitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarity as a consequence of being explicit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility" + ], + "it": [ + "astrusaggine", + "enigmaticità", + "inaccessibilità", + "incomprensibilità", + "inesplicabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being incomprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscrutability" + ], + "it": [ + "impenetrabilità", + "imperscrutabilità", + "inscrutabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being impossible to investigate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illegibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of writing (print or handwriting) that cannot be deciphered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impenetrability", + "impenetrableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility by virtue of being too dense to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility resulting from irrelevant information or meaningless facts or remarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacity", + "opaqueness" + ], + "it": [ + "opacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility resulting from obscurity of meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscureness", + "obscurity", + "abstruseness", + "reconditeness" + ], + "it": [ + "astruseria", + "astrusità", + "ermetismo", + "metafisicheria", + "oscurità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unclear or abstruse and hard to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unintelligibility" + ], + "it": [ + "inintelligibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility as a consequence of being unintelligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclearness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensibility as a result of not being clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being difficult to grasp or pin down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagueness" + ], + "it": [ + "approssimazione", + "fumoseria", + "fumosità", + "genericità", + "indeterminatezza", + "vaghezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unclearness by virtue of being poorly expressed or not coherent in meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haziness" + ], + "it": [ + "nebbiosità", + "nebulosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vagueness attributable to being not clearly defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inexplicitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unclearness by virtue of not being explicit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implicitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inexplicitness as a consequence of being implied or indirect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambiguity", + "equivocalness" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiguità", + "bivalenza", + "equivocità", + "loschezza", + "tortuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivocation", + "prevarication", + "evasiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intentionally vague or ambiguous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysemy", + "lexical ambiguity" + ], + "it": [ + "polisemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ambiguity of an individual word or phrase that can be used (in different contexts) to express two or more different meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight zone", + "no man's land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ambiguous region between two categories or states or conditions (usually containing some features of both)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "righteousness" + ], + "it": [ + "rettitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhering to moral principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeccability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being exempt from sin or incapable of sinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uprightness", + "rectitude" + ], + "it": [ + "dirittura", + "probità", + "rettitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "righteousness as a consequence of being honorable and honest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piety", + "piousness" + ], + "it": [ + "pietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "righteousness by virtue of being pious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devoutness", + "religiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "devozione", + "divozione", + "religiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piety by virtue of being devout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religiosity", + "religionism", + "religiousism", + "pietism" + ], + "it": [ + "pietismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated or affected piety and religious zeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dutifulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piety by virtue of devotion to duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piety by virtue of being a godly person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unrighteousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure to adhere to moral principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sin", + "sinfulness", + "wickedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estrangement from god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark of Cain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mark that God set upon Cain now refers to a person's sinful nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impiety", + "impiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "empietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrighteousness by virtue of lacking respect for a god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undutifulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impiety characterized by lack of devotion to duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreligiousness", + "irreligion" + ], + "it": [ + "irreligione", + "irreligiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being devout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ungodliness", + "godlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impiety by virtue of not being a godly person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humaneness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of compassion or consideration for others (people or animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanity" + ], + "it": [ + "umanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being humane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercifulness", + "mercy" + ], + "it": [ + "clemenza", + "misericordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be kind and forgiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compassion", + "pity" + ], + "it": [ + "compassione", + "compatimento", + "misericordia", + "pena", + "pietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgivingness", + "kindness" + ], + "it": [ + "benignità", + "bontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendency to be kind and forgiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenience", + "leniency", + "mildness", + "lenity" + ], + "it": [ + "benignità", + "clemenza", + "indulgenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mercifulness as a consequence of being lenient or tolerant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhumaneness", + "inhumanity" + ], + "it": [ + "disumanità", + "inumanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking compassion or consideration for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrocity", + "atrociousness", + "barbarity", + "barbarousness", + "heinousness" + ], + "it": [ + "atrocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being shockingly cruel and inhumane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stupid brutal quality of a beast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferociousness", + "brutality", + "viciousness", + "savagery" + ], + "it": [ + "bestialità", + "brutalità", + "efferatezza", + "ferocia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of extreme cruelty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murderousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cruelty evidence by a capability to commit murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercilessness", + "unmercifulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhumaneness evidenced by an unwillingness to be kind or forgiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitilessness", + "ruthlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "crudeltà", + "spietatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mercilessness characterized by a lack of pity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relentlessness", + "inexorability", + "inexorableness" + ], + "it": [ + "implacabilità", + "inesorabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mercilessness characterized by an unwillingness to relent or let up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generosity", + "generousness" + ], + "it": [ + "generosità", + "munificenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being willing to give your money or time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generosity as manifested by practicing charity (as for the poor or unfortunate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounty", + "bounteousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generosity evidenced by a willingness to give freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being kind and generous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberality", + "liberalness" + ], + "it": [ + "generosità", + "larghezza", + "liberalità", + "munificenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being generous in behavior and temperament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munificence", + "largess", + "largesse", + "magnanimity", + "openhandedness" + ], + "it": [ + "generosità", + "magnanimità", + "magnificenza", + "munificenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liberality in bestowing gifts; extremely liberal and generous of spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unselfishness" + ], + "it": [ + "altruismo", + "disinteresse", + "generosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not putting yourself first but being willing to give your time or money or effort etc. for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altruism", + "selflessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinginess" + ], + "it": [ + "avarizia", + "grettezza", + "lesina", + "pitoccheria", + "spilorceria", + "taccagneria", + "tirchieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of generosity; a general unwillingness to part with money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meanness", + "minginess", + "niggardliness", + "niggardness", + "parsimony", + "parsimoniousness", + "tightness", + "tightfistedness", + "closeness" + ], + "it": [ + "avarizia", + "pidocchieria", + "pitoccheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme stinginess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pettiness", + "littleness", + "smallness" + ], + "it": [ + "meschinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of generosity in trifling matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miserliness" + ], + "it": [ + "grettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total lack of generosity with money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penuriousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be niggardly with money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illiberality" + ], + "it": [ + "illiberalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition not to be liberal (generous) with money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selfishness" + ], + "it": [ + "egoismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stinginess resulting from a concern for your own welfare and a disregard of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greediness", + "voraciousness", + "rapaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "avidità", + "ingluvie", + "insaziabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive desire for wealth (usually in large amounts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egoism", + "egocentrism", + "self-interest", + "self-concern", + "self-centeredness" + ], + "it": [ + "egoismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concern for your own interests and welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-love", + "narcism", + "narcissism" + ], + "it": [ + "narcisismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exceptional interest in and admiration for yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportunism", + "self-interest", + "self-seeking", + "expedience" + ], + "it": [ + "opportunismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking advantage of opportunities without regard for the consequences for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being highly motivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being active and energetic and forceful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterprise", + "enterprisingness", + "initiative", + "go-ahead" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziativa", + "intraprendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "readiness to embark on bold new ventures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambition", + "ambitiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ambizione", + "brama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong drive for success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a will to succeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power hunger", + "status seeking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drive to acquire power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy", + "push", + "get-up-and-go" + ], + "it": [ + "energia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enterprising or ambitious drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renewed energy or strength to continue an undertaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggressiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being bold and enterprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "competitiveness", + "fight" + ], + "it": [ + "agonismo", + "combattività", + "competitività", + "spirito agonistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive willingness to compete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combativeness", + "militance", + "militancy" + ], + "it": [ + "bellicosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant aggressiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrappiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being scrappy and pugnacious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrusiveness", + "meddlesomeness", + "officiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "invadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggressiveness as evidenced by intruding; by advancing yourself or your ideas without invitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boldness", + "nerve", + "brass", + "face", + "cheek" + ], + "it": [ + "arditezza", + "audacia", + "faccia tosta", + "intraprendenza", + "temerarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impudent aggressiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audacity", + "audaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "audacia", + "sfrontatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggressive boldness or unmitigated effrontery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presumption", + "presumptuousness", + "effrontery", + "assumption" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "presunzione", + "spocchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uppityness", + "uppishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assumption of airs beyond one's station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairness", + "equity" + ], + "it": [ + "adeguatezza", + "equità", + "onestà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity with rules or standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-discrimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fairness in treating people without prejudice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sportsmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "sportività", + "spirito sportivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fairness in following the rules of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfairness", + "inequity" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiustizia", + "iniquità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injustice by virtue of not conforming with rules or standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamesmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of dubious (although not technically illegal) methods to win a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindness" + ], + "it": [ + "affabilità", + "amabilità", + "benignità", + "bontà", + "cordialità", + "cortesia", + "gentilezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being warmhearted and considerate and humane and sympathetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benevolence" + ], + "it": [ + "benevolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to do kind or charitable acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charity", + "brotherly love" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficenza", + "beneficienza", + "carità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kindly and lenient attitude toward people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beneficence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being kind or helpful or generous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace", + "grace of God", + "free grace" + ], + "it": [ + "grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christian theology) the free and unmerited favor or beneficence of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benignity", + "benignancy", + "graciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "benignità", + "compiacenza", + "degnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being kind and gentle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loving-kindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tender kindness motivated by a feeling of affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consideration", + "considerateness", + "thoughtfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kind and considerate regard for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindliness", + "helpfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "disponibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "friendliness evidence by a kindly and helpful disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tact", + "tactfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "buon gusto", + "buongusto", + "delicatezza", + "tatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consideration in dealing with others and avoiding giving offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delicacy", + "diplomacy", + "discreetness", + "finesse" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza", + "diplomazia", + "sensibilità", + "tatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subtly skillful handling of a situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savoir-faire", + "address" + ], + "it": [ + "savoir-faire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malevolence", + "malevolency", + "malice" + ], + "it": [ + "mal volere", + "malvolere", + "malevolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of threatening evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattiness", + "bitchiness", + "spite", + "spitefulness", + "nastiness" + ], + "it": [ + "malizia", + "dispetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malevolence by virtue of being malicious or spiteful or nasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malignity", + "malignancy", + "malignance" + ], + "it": [ + "malignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being disposed to evil; intense ill will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity", + "sensitiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to respond to affective changes in your interpersonal environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antenna", + "feeler" + ], + "it": [ + "antenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity similar to that of a receptor organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defensiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive sensitivity to criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker mentality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defensiveness resulting from repeated attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perceptiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of insight and sympathetic understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insensitivity", + "insensitiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "insensibilità", + "mancanza di sensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inability to respond to affective changes in your interpersonal environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crassness", + "crassitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being crass--devoid of refinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insensitivity to the appropriateness or subtlety of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfeelingness", + "callousness", + "callosity", + "hardness", + "insensibility" + ], + "it": [ + "durezza", + "insensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devoid of passion or feeling; hardheartedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dullness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of sensibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unperceptiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of insight and sympathetic understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unkindness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of sympathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruelty", + "cruelness", + "harshness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza", + "crudeltà", + "ferocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being cruel and causing tension or annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beastliness", + "meanness" + ], + "it": [ + "grettezza", + "sordidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being deliberately mean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhelpfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to be helpful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconsideration", + "inconsiderateness", + "thoughtlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of failing to be considerate of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "indelicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking tact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluntness" + ], + "it": [ + "crudezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being direct and outspoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleficence", + "mischief", + "balefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "malignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or nature of being harmful or evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morality" + ], + "it": [ + "moralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according with conscience or morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtue", + "virtuousness", + "moral excellence" + ], + "it": [ + "virtù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtue" + ], + "it": [ + "ornamento", + "virtù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular moral excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal virtue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the seven preeminent virtues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural virtue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(scholasticism) one of the four virtues (prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance) derived from nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theological virtue", + "supernatural virtue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according to Christian ethics: one of the three virtues (faith, hope, and charity) created by God to round out the natural virtues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three Christian virtues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saintliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of resembling a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscience" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity to one's own sense of right conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscientiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienza", + "coscienziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being in accord with the dictates of conscience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being extremely conscientious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconscientiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being willing to ignore the dictates of conscience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good", + "goodness" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "buono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral excellence or admirableness" + ], + "it": [ + "qualità dell'essere buono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summum bonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme good in which all moral values are included or from which they are derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtue", + "chastity", + "sexual morality" + ], + "it": [ + "castità", + "virtù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "morality with respect to sexual relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor", + "honour", + "purity", + "pureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's virtue or chastity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justice", + "justness" + ], + "it": [ + "giustizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being just or fair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right", + "rightfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "giusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything in accord with principles of justice" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa di giusto, opportuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immorality" + ], + "it": [ + "immoralità", + "mal costume", + "malcostume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being in accord with standards of right or good conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruption", + "degeneracy", + "depravation", + "depravity", + "putrefaction" + ], + "it": [ + "cancrena", + "corruttela", + "depravamento", + "depravazione", + "deviazione", + "fradiciume", + "gangrena", + "pervertimento", + "putrido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral perversion; impairment of virtue and moral principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral corruption or contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruptibility" + ], + "it": [ + "corruttibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of being corrupted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licentiousness", + "wantonness" + ], + "it": [ + "dissolutezza", + "lascivia", + "licenza", + "licenziosità", + "scostumatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being lewd and lascivious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomie", + "anomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of moral standards in a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrongness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contrary to conscience or morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evil", + "evilness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being morally wrong in principle or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest damage or wickedness of which one is capable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nefariousness", + "wickedness", + "vileness", + "ugliness" + ], + "it": [ + "cattiveria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being wicked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral corruption or pollution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enormity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of extreme wickedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprehensibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being reprehensible; worthy of and deserving reprehension or reproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villainy", + "villainousness" + ], + "it": [ + "scelleratezza", + "scellerataggine", + "malvagità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of evil by virtue of villainous behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perversity", + "perverseness" + ], + "it": [ + "perversità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately deviating from what is good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error", + "wrongdoing" + ], + "it": [ + "errore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "departure from what is ethically acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frailty", + "vice" + ], + "it": [ + "debolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corruptness", + "corruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of integrity or honesty (especially susceptibility to bribery); use of a position of trust for dishonest gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venality" + ], + "it": [ + "venalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostitution of talents or offices or services for reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injustice", + "unjustness" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiustizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of being unjust or unfair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrong", + "wrongfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being amoral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being divine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holiness", + "sanctity", + "sanctitude" + ], + "it": [ + "santità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being holy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacredness" + ], + "it": [ + "inviolabilità", + "sacertà", + "sacralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sacred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ideal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy of holies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) something regarded as sacred or inviolable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unholiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unholy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profaneness", + "unsanctification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unholiness by virtue of being profane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrilegiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profaneness by virtue of committing sacrilege" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being safe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangerousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being safe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precariousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme dangerousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curability", + "curableness" + ], + "it": [ + "curabilità", + "guaribilità", + "sanabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of being cured or healed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurability", + "incurableness" + ], + "it": [ + "incurabilità", + "insanabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incapability of being cured or healed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courage", + "courageousness", + "bravery", + "braveness" + ], + "it": [ + "animo", + "ardimento", + "ardire", + "arditezza", + "bravura", + "coraggio", + "eroismo", + "forza", + "intrepidezza", + "prodezza", + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart", + "mettle", + "nerve", + "spunk" + ], + "it": [ + "animo", + "coraggio", + "fegato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the courage to carry on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroism", + "gallantry", + "valor", + "valour", + "valorousness", + "valiance", + "valiancy" + ], + "it": [ + "eroismo", + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dauntlessness", + "intrepidity" + ], + "it": [ + "intrepidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resolute courageousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch courage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courage resulting from intoxication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoutheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of having a courageous spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fearlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of feeling no fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coolness", + "nervelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fearless self-possession in the face of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boldness", + "daring", + "hardiness", + "hardihood" + ], + "it": [ + "ardimento", + "ardire", + "arditezza", + "audacia", + "baldanza", + "securanza", + "sicuranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventurousness", + "venturesomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being adventurous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daredevilry", + "daredeviltry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boldness as manifested in rash and daredevil behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audacity", + "audaciousness", + "temerity" + ], + "it": [ + "ardimento", + "audacia", + "baldanza", + "intraprendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fearless daring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamelessness", + "brazenness" + ], + "it": [ + "inverecondia", + "spudoratezza", + "svergognatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior marked by a bold defiance of the proprieties and lack of shame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutsiness", + "pluck", + "pluckiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of showing courage and determination in spite of possible loss or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowardice", + "cowardliness" + ], + "it": [ + "codardia", + "pusillanimità", + "vigliaccheria", + "viltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cravenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meanspirited cowardice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faintheartedness", + "faintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking boldness and courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fearfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being afraid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timidity", + "timorousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fearfulness in venturing into new and unknown places or activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pusillanimity", + "pusillanimousness" + ], + "it": [ + "pusillanimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contemptible fearfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poltroonery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abject pusillanimity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dastardliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "despicable cowardice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking courage and determination; fearful of loss or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resoluteness", + "firmness", + "firmness of purpose", + "resolve", + "resolution" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "determinazione", + "fermezza", + "risolutezza", + "saldezza", + "volontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being resolute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-control", + "self-possession", + "possession", + "willpower", + "will power", + "self-command", + "self-will" + ], + "it": [ + "forza di volontà", + "freddezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of resolutely controlling your own behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control of your emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steadiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from wavering or indecision; constancy of resolve or conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sturdiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resoluteness evidenced by strength of character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence of mind" + ], + "it": [ + "presenza di spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-control in a crisis; ability to say or do the right thing in an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firm resoluteness in purpose or opinion or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stubbornness", + "bullheadedness", + "obstinacy", + "obstinance", + "pigheadedness", + "self-will" + ], + "it": [ + "caparbiaggine", + "caparbieria", + "caparbietà", + "caponaggine", + "cocciutaggine", + "incaponimento", + "incocciatura", + "irremovibilità", + "mulaggine", + "ostinazione", + "pervicacia", + "piccosità", + "puntiglio", + "testardaggine", + "zucconaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resolute adherence to your own ideas or desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impenitence", + "impenitency" + ], + "it": [ + "impenitenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of refusing to repent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intransigency", + "intransigence" + ], + "it": [ + "intransigenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being intransigent; stubbornly refusing to compromise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-mindedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by one unified purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adamance", + "obduracy", + "unyieldingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resoluteness by virtue of being unyielding and inflexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decisiveness", + "decision" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "determinazione", + "risolutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determination", + "purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "determinazione", + "finalità", + "fine", + "grinta", + "mordente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doggedness", + "perseverance", + "persistence", + "persistency", + "tenacity", + "tenaciousness", + "pertinacity" + ], + "it": [ + "costanza", + "fermezza", + "pertinacia", + "risolutezza", + "tenacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent determination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indefatigability", + "indefatigableness", + "tirelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "infaticabilità", + "instancabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tireless determination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steadfastness" + ], + "it": [ + "costanza", + "fermezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steadfast resolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diligence", + "industriousness", + "industry" + ], + "it": [ + "fare", + "industria", + "industriosità", + "laboriosità", + "operosità", + "solerzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persevering determination to perform a task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assiduity", + "assiduousness", + "concentration" + ], + "it": [ + "assiduità", + "diligenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great and constant diligence and attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intentness", + "engrossment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being intent and concentrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of concentrating on one central objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedulity", + "sedulousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being constantly diligent and attentive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diligent study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated studiousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irresoluteness", + "irresolution" + ], + "it": [ + "irresolutezza", + "irresoluzione", + "irrisolutezza", + "irrisoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being irresolute; lacking firmness of purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volatility", + "unpredictability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being unpredictably irresolute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecisiveness", + "indecision" + ], + "it": [ + "indecisione", + "irresolutezza", + "irresoluzione", + "irrisolutezza", + "irrisoluzione", + "tentennamento", + "tentennare", + "tentennio", + "tira e molla", + "tiremmolla", + "titubanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of irresolution; a lack of firmness of character or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sincerity" + ], + "it": [ + "lealtà", + "sincerità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being open and truthful; not deceitful or hypocritical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "truth or reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartiness", + "wholeheartedness" + ], + "it": [ + "calorosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of hearty sincerity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singleness", + "straightforwardness" + ], + "it": [ + "schiettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "without hypocrisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insincerity", + "falseness", + "hollowness" + ], + "it": [ + "falsità", + "fintaggine", + "finteria", + "insincerità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being open or truthful; deceitful or hypocritical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocrisy" + ], + "it": [ + "farisaismo", + "fariseismo", + "ipocrisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insincerity by virtue of pretending to have qualities or beliefs that you do not really have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanctimoniousness", + "sanctimony" + ], + "it": [ + "santimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being hypocritically devout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulsomeness", + "oiliness", + "oleaginousness", + "smarminess", + "unctuousness", + "unction" + ], + "it": [ + "untuosità", + "viscidezza", + "viscidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smug self-serving earnestness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honorableness", + "honourableness" + ], + "it": [ + "onorabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of deserving honor or respect; characterized by honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor", + "honour" + ], + "it": [ + "onore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being honorable and having a good name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrupulousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity to high standards of ethics or excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venerability", + "venerableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of deserving veneration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrity" + ], + "it": [ + "illibatezza", + "integrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral soundness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probity" + ], + "it": [ + "probità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorruptness", + "incorruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by integrity or probity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorruptibility" + ], + "it": [ + "incorruttibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the incapability of being corrupted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nobility", + "nobleness", + "magnanimousness", + "grandeur" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza", + "nobiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of elevation of mind and exaltation of character or ideals or conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-mindedness", + "idealism", + "noble-mindedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevated ideals or conduct; the quality of believing that ideals should be pursued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublimity" + ], + "it": [ + "sublimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nobility in thought or feeling or style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respectability", + "reputability" + ], + "it": [ + "buona reputazione", + "onoratezza", + "rispettabilità", + "stimabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honorableness by virtue of being respectable and having a good reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decency" + ], + "it": [ + "decenza", + "rispettabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being polite and respectable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honesty", + "honestness" + ], + "it": [ + "dirittura", + "onesto", + "onestà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being honest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candor", + "candour", + "candidness", + "frankness", + "directness", + "forthrightness" + ], + "it": [ + "franchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being honest and straightforward in attitude and speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good faith", + "straightness" + ], + "it": [ + "buona fede", + "buonafede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having honest intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truthfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "attendibilità", + "autenticità", + "veracità", + "veridicità", + "verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being truthful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veracity" + ], + "it": [ + "veracità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwillingness to tell lies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingenuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "candore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "openly straightforward or frank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ingenuousness by virtue of being free from artful deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parental quality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality appropriate to a parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motherliness", + "maternalism", + "maternal quality", + "maternity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having or showing the tenderness and warmth and affection of or befitting a mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatherliness", + "paternal quality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the benignity and protectiveness of or befitting a father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonorableness", + "dishonourableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not deserving honor or respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignobleness", + "ignobility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ignoble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonor", + "dishonour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking honor or integrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unscrupulousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of unscrupulous dishonesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleaziness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "morally dishonorable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unrespectability", + "disreputability", + "disreputableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dishonorableness by virtue of lacking respectability or a good reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonesty" + ], + "it": [ + "disonestà", + "improbità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being dishonest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceptiveness", + "obliquity" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carattere ingannevole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being deceptive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speciousness", + "meretriciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance of truth that is false or deceptive; seeming plausibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraudulence", + "deceit" + ], + "it": [ + "fraudolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being fraudulent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jobbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corruptness among public officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crookedness", + "deviousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiguità", + "modi subdoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being deceitful and underhanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rascality", + "shiftiness", + "slipperiness", + "trickiness" + ], + "it": [ + "furfanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being a slippery rascal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thievishness", + "larcenous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a disposition to steal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untruthfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "bugiardaggine", + "bugiarderia", + "mendacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being untruthful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mendacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to be untruthful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disingenuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being disingenuous and lacking candor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craftiness", + "deceitfulness", + "guile" + ], + "it": [ + "astuzia", + "furberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being crafty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being adroit in taking unfair advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cunning" + ], + "it": [ + "astuzia", + "furberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crafty artfulness (especially in deception)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fidelity", + "faithfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "fede", + "fedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being faithful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constancy" + ], + "it": [ + "fedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "faithfulness and dependability in personal attachments (especially sexual fidelity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedication" + ], + "it": [ + "dedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete and wholehearted fidelity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loyalty", + "trueness" + ], + "it": [ + "fedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being loyal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steadfastness", + "staunchness" + ], + "it": [ + "costanza", + "perseveranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loyalty in the face of trouble and difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegiance", + "fealty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loyalty that citizens owe to their country (or subjects to their sovereign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriotism", + "nationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "patriottismo", + "nazionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loyalty to the interests of a particular region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loyalty to the United States and its institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chauvinism", + "jingoism", + "superpatriotism", + "ultranationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "sciovinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fanatical patriotism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infidelity", + "unfaithfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "infedeltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unfaithful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faithlessness", + "falseness", + "fickleness", + "inconstancy" + ], + "it": [ + "sfarfallamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfaithfulness by virtue of being unreliable or treacherous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disloyalty" + ], + "it": [ + "bassezza", + "dislealtà", + "mala fede", + "malafede", + "slealtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being disloyal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disaffection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disloyalty to the government or to established authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treason", + "subversiveness", + "traitorousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disloyalty by virtue of subversive behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betrayal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of aiding an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfidy", + "perfidiousness", + "treachery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "betrayal of a trust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insidiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being designed to entrap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophistication", + "worldliness", + "mundaneness", + "mundanity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or character of being intellectually sophisticated and worldly through cultivation or experience or disillusionment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naivete", + "naivety", + "naiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "semplicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of sophistication or worldliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artlessness", + "innocence", + "ingenuousness", + "naturalness" + ], + "it": [ + "ingenuità", + "innocenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of innocent naivete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innocency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an innocent quality or thing or act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credulousness", + "gullibility" + ], + "it": [ + "credulità", + "dabbenaggine", + "minchioneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendency to believe too readily and therefore to be easily deceived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplicity", + "simpleness", + "simple mindedness" + ], + "it": [ + "dabbenaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of penetration or subtlety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being well behaved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-discipline", + "self-denial" + ], + "it": [ + "autodisciplina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of practicing self discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "austerity", + "asceticism", + "nonindulgence" + ], + "it": [ + "ascesi", + "ascetismo", + "austerità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of great self-denial (especially refraining from worldly pleasures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monasticism" + ], + "it": [ + "monachesimo", + "monachismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "asceticism as a form of religious life; usually conducted in a community under a common rule and characterized by celibacy and poverty and obedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eremitism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monasticism characterized by solitude in which the social dimension of life is sacrificed to the primacy of religious experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstinence", + "abstention" + ], + "it": [ + "astensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of abstaining (especially from alcohol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continence", + "continency" + ], + "it": [ + "continenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exercise of self constraint in sexual matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restraint", + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discipline in personal and social activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-restraint", + "temperateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibiting restraint imposed on the self" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiff upper lip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-restraint in the expression of emotion (especially fear or grief)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperance", + "moderation" + ], + "it": [ + "discrezione", + "misura", + "misuratezza", + "moderazione", + "regola", + "ritegno", + "temperanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of avoiding excesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sobriety", + "dryness" + ], + "it": [ + "sobrietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderation in or abstinence from alcohol or other drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstemiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderation in eating and drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibition" + ], + "it": [ + "inibizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inhibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continence" + ], + "it": [ + "continenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voluntary control over urinary and fecal discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taboo", + "tabu" + ], + "it": [ + "tabù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhibition or ban resulting from social custom or emotional aversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indiscipline", + "undiscipline" + ], + "it": [ + "indisciplina", + "indisciplinatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulgence", + "self-indulgence" + ], + "it": [ + "debolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to resist the gratification of whims and desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissoluteness", + "incontinence", + "self-gratification" + ], + "it": [ + "dissolutezza", + "sfrenatezza", + "smoderatezza", + "sregolatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indiscipline with regard to sensuous pleasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rakishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of a rake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unrestraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intemperance" + ], + "it": [ + "intemperanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being intemperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandon", + "wantonness", + "unconstraint" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono", + "rilassamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of lacking restraint or control; reckless freedom from inhibition or worry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "looseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madness", + "rabidity", + "rabidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrestrained excitement or enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sottishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of restraint in use of alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluttony" + ], + "it": [ + "crapula", + "ghiottoneria", + "gola", + "golosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual eating to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greediness", + "hoggishness", + "piggishness" + ], + "it": [ + "golosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive desire for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edacity", + "esurience", + "rapaciousness", + "rapacity", + "voracity", + "voraciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "rapacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme gluttony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being spurred on by a dislike of falling below your standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civic pride", + "civic spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pride in your city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dignity", + "self-respect", + "self-regard", + "self-worth" + ], + "it": [ + "decoro", + "dignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceit", + "conceitedness", + "vanity" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "vanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being unduly vain and conceited; false pride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boastfulness", + "vainglory" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "millanteria", + "spacconaggine", + "superbia", + "vanagloria", + "vanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outspoken conceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egotism", + "self-importance", + "swelled head" + ], + "it": [ + "boria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exaggerated opinion of your own importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posturing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adopting a vain conceited posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superiority complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di superiorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exaggerated estimate of your own value and importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrogance", + "haughtiness", + "hauteur", + "high-handedness", + "lordliness" + ], + "it": [ + "albagia", + "alterigia", + "altezzosità", + "altura", + "arroganza", + "boria", + "boriosità", + "burbanza", + "despotismo", + "dispotismo", + "grandigia", + "iattanza", + "insolenza", + "muffosità", + "oltracotanza", + "orgogliosità", + "prepotenza", + "presupponenza", + "protervia", + "sdegnosità", + "sfrontatezza", + "sicumera", + "sostenutezza", + "spocchia", + "strafottenza", + "superbia", + "sussiego", + "tracotanza", + "tronfiezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescension", + "superciliousness", + "disdainfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "degnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of displaying arrogance by patronizing those considered inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemptuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manifestation of scorn and contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hubris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overbearing pride or presumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperiousness", + "domineeringness", + "overbearingness" + ], + "it": [ + "imperiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being imperious and overbearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superiority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "displaying a sense of being better than others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snobbery", + "snobbism", + "snobbishness" + ], + "it": [ + "snobismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of condescending to those of lower social status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clannishness", + "cliquishness", + "exclusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendency to associate with only a select group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humility", + "humbleness" + ], + "it": [ + "modestia", + "semplicità", + "umiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be humble; a lack of false pride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meekness", + "subduedness" + ], + "it": [ + "mansuetudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to be patient and long suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking a strong character; an irresolute disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisdom", + "wiseness" + ], + "it": [ + "saggezza", + "sapienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of utilizing knowledge and experience with common sense and insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judiciousness", + "sagacity", + "sagaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "acume", + "perspicacia", + "sagacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of forming opinions by distinguishing and evaluating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knowledgeability", + "knowledgeableness", + "initiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wisdom as evidenced by the possession of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statesmanship", + "statecraft", + "diplomacy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "abilità politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wisdom in the management of public affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discretion", + "discernment" + ], + "it": [ + "avvedutezza", + "discernimento", + "discrezione", + "giudizio", + "scernimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of judging wisely and objectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumspection", + "caution" + ], + "it": [ + "cautela", + "circospezione", + "precauzione", + "prudenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being circumspect and prudent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folly", + "foolishness", + "unwiseness" + ], + "it": [ + "balordaggine", + "demenza", + "fatuità", + "follia", + "gaglioffaggine", + "gagliofferia", + "grullaggine", + "mondanità", + "sciocchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of acting stupidly or rashly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indiscretion", + "injudiciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being injudicious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absurdity", + "fatuity", + "fatuousness", + "silliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ludicrous folly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asininity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being asinine; stupidity combined with stubbornness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment", + "judgement", + "sound judgment", + "sound judgement", + "perspicacity" + ], + "it": [ + "intuito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity to assess situations or circumstances shrewdly and to draw sound conclusions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objectivity", + "objectiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "oggettività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judgment based on observable phenomena and uninfluenced by emotions or personal prejudices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjectivity", + "subjectiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "soggettivismo", + "soggettività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judgment based on individual personal impressions and feelings and opinions rather than external facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prudence" + ], + "it": [ + "accortezza", + "avvedutezza", + "cautela", + "cautezza", + "circospezione", + "giudiziosità", + "lungimiranza", + "oculatezza", + "previdenza", + "prudenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discretion in practical affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "providence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prudence and care exercised by someone in the management of resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foresight", + "foresightedness", + "foresightfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "providence by virtue of planning prudently for the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frugality", + "frugalness" + ], + "it": [ + "frugalità", + "parcità", + "parsimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prudence in avoiding waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsimony", + "parsimoniousness", + "thrift", + "penny-pinching" + ], + "it": [ + "economia", + "parsimonia", + "risparmio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economy", + "thriftiness" + ], + "it": [ + "economia", + "parsimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frugality in the expenditure of money or resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprudence" + ], + "it": [ + "imprudenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of caution in practical affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heedlessness", + "mindlessness", + "rashness" + ], + "it": [ + "avventatezza", + "imprudenza", + "svagatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of acting rashly and without prudence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightheadedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frivolous lack of prudence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvidence", + "shortsightedness" + ], + "it": [ + "imprevidenza", + "improvvidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of prudence and care by someone in the management of resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravagance", + "prodigality", + "profligacy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of spending extravagantly" + ], + "it": [ + "grande prodigalità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thriftlessness", + "waste", + "wastefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "dissipazione", + "profusione", + "sfoderamento", + "sfoggio", + "spreco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of wasting resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust", + "trustingness", + "trustfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "fiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of believing in the honesty and reliability of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credulity" + ], + "it": [ + "credulità", + "dabbenaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendency to believe readily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcredulity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much credulity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distrust", + "distrustfulness", + "mistrust" + ], + "it": [ + "diffidenza", + "sfiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of not trusting others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspicion", + "suspiciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "diffidenza", + "sospettosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being of a suspicious nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanliness" + ], + "it": [ + "igiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diligence in keeping clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastidiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "meticolosità", + "minuziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being meticulous about matters of taste or style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidiness", + "neatness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being neat and orderly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncleanliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of cleanly habits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slovenliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitual uncleanliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slatternliness", + "sluttishness" + ], + "it": [ + "trasandatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the manner of a slattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeamishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being excessively fastidious and easily shocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untidiness", + "messiness" + ], + "it": [ + "disordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being untidy and messy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarray", + "disorderliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "untidiness (especially of clothing and appearance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demeanor", + "demeanour", + "behavior", + "behaviour", + "conduct", + "deportment" + ], + "it": [ + "aria", + "comportamento", + "condotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manners" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione", + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social deportment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citizenship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct as a citizen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swashbuckling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flamboyantly reckless and boastful behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propriety", + "properness", + "correctitude" + ], + "it": [ + "convenienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correct or appropriate behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorum", + "decorousness" + ], + "it": [ + "compostezza", + "decenza", + "decoro", + "dignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propriety in manners and conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriateness", + "rightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appropriate conduct; doing the right thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correctness" + ], + "it": [ + "correttezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of conformity to social expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior that conforms to social conventions of the time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faultlessness", + "impeccability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being without an error or fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political correctness", + "political correctitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoidance of expressions or actions that can be perceived to exclude or marginalize or insult people who are socially disadvantaged or discriminated against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priggishness", + "primness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pudore eccessivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated and arrogant properness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modesty", + "reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formality and propriety of manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demureness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of behaving with reserve and decorum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seemliness", + "grace" + ], + "it": [ + "decoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sense of propriety and consideration for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "becomingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being becoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decency" + ], + "it": [ + "castigatezza", + "decenza", + "morigeratezza", + "sobrietà", + "rispetto per i valori umani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of conforming to standards of propriety and morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modesty", + "modestness" + ], + "it": [ + "modestia", + "pudicizia", + "pudore", + "verecondia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from vanity or conceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primness", + "prudishness", + "prudery", + "Grundyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive or affected modesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impropriety", + "improperness" + ], + "it": [ + "sconvenienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improper demeanor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorrectness" + ], + "it": [ + "scorrettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of conformity to social expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political incorrectness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of expressions or actions that can be perceived to exclude or marginalize or insult groups who are socially disadvantaged or discriminated against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inappropriateness", + "wrongness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inappropriate conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indelicacy" + ], + "it": [ + "indelicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being indelicate and offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaminess", + "raciness", + "ribaldry", + "spiciness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior or language bordering on indelicacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecorum", + "indecorousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of decorum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unseemliness" + ], + "it": [ + "sguaiataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of consideration for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbecomingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unbecoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecency" + ], + "it": [ + "impudicizia", + "indecenza", + "oscenità", + "scabrosità", + "sconcezza", + "volgarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being indecent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immodesty" + ], + "it": [ + "immodestia", + "inverecondia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being vain and conceited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrageousness", + "enormity" + ], + "it": [ + "enormità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being outrageous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscenity", + "lewdness", + "bawdiness", + "salaciousness", + "salacity" + ], + "it": [ + "indecenza", + "laidezza", + "lubricità", + "oscenità", + "salacità", + "sconcezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of behaving in an obscene manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smuttiness", + "dirtiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscenity in speech or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composure", + "calm", + "calmness", + "equanimity" + ], + "it": [ + "calma", + "compostezza", + "flemma", + "placidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steadiness of mind under stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aplomb", + "assuredness", + "cool", + "poise", + "sang-froid" + ], + "it": [ + "aplomb", + "freddezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great coolness and composure under strain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repose", + "quiet", + "placidity", + "serenity", + "tranquillity", + "tranquility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition free from stress or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ataraxia" + ], + "it": [ + "atarassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peace of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discomposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temperament that is perturbed and lacking in composure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disquiet", + "unease", + "uneasiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of seeming ill at ease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturbation", + "fluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition that is confused or nervous and upset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tractability", + "tractableness", + "flexibility" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendevolezza", + "docilità", + "maneggevolezza", + "trattabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being easily persuaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manageability", + "manageableness" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigibilità", + "maneggevolezza", + "manovrabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capable of being managed or controlled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docility" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendevolezza", + "docilità", + "mansuetudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being agreeably submissive and manageable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tameness", + "domestication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of having been domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amenability", + "amenableness", + "cooperativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being cooperative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obedience" + ], + "it": [ + "ubbidienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being willing to obey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submissiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "cedevolezza", + "remissività", + "sommissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being willing to yield to the will of another person or a superior force etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsequiousness", + "servility", + "subservience" + ], + "it": [ + "ossequiosità", + "servilismo", + "servilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abject or cringing submissiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sycophancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fawning obsequiousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passivity", + "passiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "passività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submission to others or to outside influences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of obedient submissiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intractability", + "intractableness" + ], + "it": [ + "indocilità", + "riottosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being hard to influence or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractoriness", + "unmanageableness", + "recalcitrance", + "recalcitrancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being unmanageable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intractably barbarous or uncultivated state of nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defiance", + "rebelliousness" + ], + "it": [ + "indocilità", + "spirito di ribellione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insubordination" + ], + "it": [ + "insubordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defiance of authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstreperousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy defiance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unruliness", + "fractiousness", + "willfulness", + "wilfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "indisciplina", + "indisciplinatezza", + "insubordinatezza", + "turbolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being prone to disobedience and lack of discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balkiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "likely to stop abruptly and unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stubbornness", + "obstinacy", + "obstinance", + "mulishness" + ], + "it": [ + "caparbietà", + "caponaggine", + "cocciutaggine", + "testardaggine", + "zucconaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being difficult to handle or overcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrariness", + "perversity", + "perverseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate and stubborn unruliness and resistance to guidance or discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cussedness", + "orneriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meanspirited disagreeable contrariness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disobedience" + ], + "it": [ + "disobbedienza", + "disubbidienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being unwilling to obey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naughtiness", + "mischievousness", + "badness" + ], + "it": [ + "cattiveria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of mischievous children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prankishness", + "rascality", + "roguishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of indulging in disreputable pranks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unruly disposition to do as one pleases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manner", + "personal manner" + ], + "it": [ + "maniera", + "modo", + "modo di fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of acting or behaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing", + "comportment", + "presence", + "mien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dignified manner or conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedside manner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manner or conduct of a physician in the presence of a patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dignity", + "lordliness", + "gravitas" + ], + "it": [ + "decoro", + "dignità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formality in bearing and appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foppishness", + "dandyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner and dress of a fop or dandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentleness", + "softness", + "mildness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acting in a manner that is gentle and mild and even-tempered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formality", + "formalness" + ], + "it": [ + "formalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner that strictly observes all forms and ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceremoniousness" + ], + "it": [ + "cerimoniosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stateliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate manner of doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner that does not take forms and ceremonies seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casualness", + "familiarity" + ], + "it": [ + "disinvoltura", + "naturalezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a casual manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slanginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casualness in use of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unceremoniousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unceremonial manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtesy", + "good manners" + ], + "it": [ + "amabilità", + "bontà", + "buona grazia", + "buonagrazia", + "civiltà", + "compiacenza", + "contegno", + "cortesia", + "creanza", + "delicatezza", + "educazione", + "garbatezza", + "garbo", + "gentilezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politeness", + "niceness" + ], + "it": [ + "civiltà", + "compitezza", + "garbatezza", + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous manner that respects accepted social usage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanity" + ], + "it": [ + "urbanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polished courtesy; elegance of manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suavity", + "suaveness", + "blandness", + "smoothness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fare insinuante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being bland and gracious or ingratiating in manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excellence of manners or social conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chivalry", + "gallantry", + "politesse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalleria", + "galanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courtesy towards women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deference", + "respect", + "respectfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "deferenza", + "ossequiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courteous regard for people's feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civility" + ], + "it": [ + "civiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal or perfunctory politeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discourtesy", + "rudeness" + ], + "it": [ + "sgarbatezza", + "sgarberia", + "villania", + "maleducazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner that is rude and insulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boorishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner of a rude or insensitive person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impoliteness" + ], + "it": [ + "inciviltà", + "inurbanità", + "mal garbo", + "mala grazia", + "malacreanza", + "malagrazia", + "malcreanza", + "maleducazione", + "malgarbo", + "scortesia", + "sgarbatezza", + "sgarberia", + "zoticaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discourteous manner that ignores accepted social usage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad manners", + "ill-breeding" + ], + "it": [ + "malacreanza", + "malcreanza", + "maleducazione", + "villania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impoliteness resulting from ignorance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ungraciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive lack of good manners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crudeness", + "crudity", + "gaucheness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impolite manner that is vulgar and lacking tact or refinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incivility" + ], + "it": [ + "inciviltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate discourtesy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abruptness", + "brusqueness", + "curtness", + "gruffness", + "shortness" + ], + "it": [ + "asciuttezza", + "bruschezza", + "secchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt discourteous manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt", + "disrespect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner that is generally disrespectful and contemptuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crust", + "gall", + "impertinence", + "impudence", + "insolence", + "cheekiness", + "freshness" + ], + "it": [ + "ardire", + "arditezza", + "improntitudine", + "impudenza", + "insistenza", + "insolenza", + "petulanza", + "procacità", + "sfacciataggine", + "sfrontatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take liberties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chutzpa", + "chutzpah", + "hutzpah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) unbelievable gall; insolence; audacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic or essential attribute shared by all members of a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinism" + ], + "it": [ + "attinicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of radiation that enables it to produce photochemical effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isotropy", + "symmetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the property of being isotropic; having the same value when measured in different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anisotropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being anisotropic; having a different value when measured in different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characteristic", + "device characteristic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any measurable property of a device measured under closely specified conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connectivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being connected or the degree to which something has connections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directness", + "straightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trueness of course toward a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downrightness", + "straightforwardness" + ], + "it": [ + "franchezza", + "schiettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being direct and straightforward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immediacy", + "immediateness" + ], + "it": [ + "immediatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of an intervening or mediating agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being obviously directed at a particular person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirectness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the characteristic of lacking a true course toward a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allusiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality characterized by indirect reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediacy", + "mediateness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being mediate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviousness", + "obliqueness" + ], + "it": [ + "obliquità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being oblique and rambling indirectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discursiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being discursive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robustness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic of being strong enough to withstand intellectual challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rurality", + "ruralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rural characteristic or trait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duality", + "wave-particle duality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the property of matter and electromagnetic radiation that is characterized by the fact that some properties can be explained best by wave theory and others by particle theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heredity", + "genetic endowment" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total of inherited attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inheritance", + "heritage" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità", + "retaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any attribute or immaterial possession that is inherited from ancestors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal characteristics that are inherited at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background" + ], + "it": [ + "bagaglio", + "patrimonio", + "background" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's social heritage: previous experience or training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right or privilege that you are entitled to at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upbringing" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "properties acquired during a person's formative years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "education", + "training", + "breeding" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione", + "formazione", + "istruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raising", + "rearing", + "nurture" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the properties acquired as a consequence of the way you were treated as a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inheritance", + "hereditary pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) attributes acquired via biological heredity from the parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterosis", + "hybrid vigor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the tendency of a crossbred organism to have qualities superior to those of either parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancestry", + "lineage", + "derivation", + "filiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inherited properties shared with others of your bloodline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage", + "gene linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) traits that tend to be inherited together as a consequence of an association between their genes; all of the genes of a given chromosome are linked (where one goes they all go)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-linked dominant inheritance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary pattern in which a dominant gene on the X chromosome causes a characteristic to be manifested in the offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-linked recessive inheritance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hereditary pattern in which a recessive gene on the X chromosome results in the manifestation of characteristics in male offspring and a carrier state in female offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origin", + "descent", + "extraction" + ], + "it": [ + "ascendenza", + "estrazione", + "origine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "properties attributable to your ancestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedigree", + "bloodline" + ], + "it": [ + "pedigree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancestry of a purebred animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descent from parents both of one pure breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age" + ], + "it": [ + "età" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "how long something has existed" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di anni trascorsi dal momento della nascita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronological age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "age measured by the time (years and months) that something or someone has existed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's age measured by matching their bone development (as shown by X rays) with bone development of an average person of known chronological age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developmental age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of a child's development (in body size or motor skill or psychological function) expressed in terms of age norms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal age", + "fertilization age", + "gestational age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the age of an embryo counting from the time of fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental age" + ], + "it": [ + "età mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the level of intellectual development as measured by an intelligence test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oldness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being old; the opposite of newness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsoleteness", + "superannuation" + ], + "it": [ + "obsolescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being out of date and not current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancientness", + "antiquity" + ], + "it": [ + "antichità", + "arcaicità", + "vetustà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme oldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-fashionedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being no longer fashionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being quaint and old-fashioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vintage", + "time of origin" + ], + "it": [ + "annata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldness of wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoariness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great age (especially grey or white with age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newness" + ], + "it": [ + "novità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being new; the opposite of oldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand-newness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being very new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshness" + ], + "it": [ + "freschezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being pure and fresh (as if newly made); not stale or deteriorated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crispness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasing firmness and freshness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recency", + "recentness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having happened or appeared not long ago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oldness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opposite of youngness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agedness", + "senescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property characteristic of old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being senile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longevity", + "seniority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being long-lived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staleness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mancanza di freschezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having lost purity and freshness as a consequence of aging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustiness", + "must", + "moldiness" + ], + "it": [ + "mucido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of smelling or tasting old or stale or mouldy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youngness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opposite of oldness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth", + "youthfulness", + "juvenility" + ], + "it": [ + "giovinezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the freshness and vitality characteristic of a young person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "childishness", + "puerility" + ], + "it": [ + "infantilismo", + "infantilità", + "puerilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property characteristic of a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manner", + "mode", + "style", + "way", + "fashion" + ], + "it": [ + "maniera", + "modo", + "modalità", + "forma", + "stile", + "guisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "how something is done or how it happens" + ], + "it": [ + "modo in cui si compie o si svolge un'azione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artistic style", + "idiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style of a particular artist or school or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "High Renaissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the artistic style of early 16th century painting in Florence and Rome; characterized by technical mastery and heroic composition and humanistic content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of dealing with something artistically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which fabric hangs or falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which something fits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular mode in which something is manifested" + ], + "it": [ + "modo di presentarsi o di manifestarsi di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life style", + "life-style", + "lifestyle", + "modus vivendi" + ], + "it": [ + "stile di vita", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of living that reflects the person's values and attitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast lane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hectic and pressured lifestyle often characterized by recklessness or dissipation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free living" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lifestyle given to easy indulgence of the appetites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanity fair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vain and frivolous lifestyle especially in large cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way something is organized or arranged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "signature" + ], + "it": [ + "tocco", + "mano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing style" + ], + "it": [ + "segno caratteristico e inconfondibile che individua una persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of appealing to people in general (usually by appearing to have qualities in common with them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wise" + ], + "it": [ + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of doing or being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way a garment hangs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structure" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer architecture", + "architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the structure and organization of a computer's hardware or system software" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex instruction set computing", + "complex instruction set computer", + "CISC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a kind of computer architecture that has a large number of instructions hard coded into the CPU chip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduced instruction set computing", + "reduced instruction set computer", + "RISC" + ], + "it": [ + "risc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a kind of computer architecture that has a relatively small set of computer instructions that it can perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytoarchitecture", + "cytoarchitectonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cellular composition of a bodily structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "framework", + "fabric" + ], + "it": [ + "armatura", + "carcassa", + "impalcatura", + "intelaiatura", + "struttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the underlying structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitution", + "composition", + "physical composition", + "makeup", + "make-up" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione", + "costituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way in which someone or something is composed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenotype" + ], + "it": [ + "fenotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what an organism looks like as a consequence of the interaction of its genotype and the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genotype", + "genetic constitution" + ], + "it": [ + "genotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular alleles at specified loci present in an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "texture", + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical composition of something (especially with respect to the size and shape of the small constituents of a substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consistency", + "consistence", + "eubstance", + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "consistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of holding together and retaining its shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscosity", + "viscousness" + ], + "it": [ + "vischiosità", + "viscosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistance of a liquid to shear forces (and hence to flow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickiness" + ], + "it": [ + "vischiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of sticking to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliminess" + ], + "it": [ + "fangosità", + "melmosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property resembling or being covered with slime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesiveness", + "adhesion", + "adherence", + "bond" + ], + "it": [ + "aderenza", + "adesione", + "adesività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohesiveness", + "glueyness", + "gluiness", + "gumminess", + "tackiness", + "ropiness", + "viscidity", + "viscidness" + ], + "it": [ + "gommosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being cohesive and sticky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatinousness", + "glutinosity", + "glutinousness" + ], + "it": [ + "glutinosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a viscosity like jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resistance to flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semifluidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property midway between a solid and a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creaminess", + "soupiness" + ], + "it": [ + "cremosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having the thickness of heavy cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consistency of low viscosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluidity", + "fluidness", + "liquidity", + "liquidness", + "runniness" + ], + "it": [ + "fluidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of flowing easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wateriness" + ], + "it": [ + "acquosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of resembling the viscosity of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of water that contains dissolved mineral salts that prevent soap from lathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardness" + ], + "it": [ + "durezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firmness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being unyielding to the touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softness" + ], + "it": [ + "mollezza", + "morbidezza", + "tenerezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compressibility", + "squeezability", + "sponginess" + ], + "it": [ + "compressibilità", + "comprimibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being able to occupy less space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompressibility" + ], + "it": [ + "incoercibilità", + "incompressibilità", + "incomprimibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being incompressible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downiness", + "featheriness", + "fluffiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light softness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flabbiness", + "limpness", + "flaccidity" + ], + "it": [ + "afflosciamento", + "flaccidezza", + "floscezza", + "moscezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flabby softness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushiness", + "pulpiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mushy pulpy softness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consistency of something that breaks under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittleness", + "crispness", + "crispiness" + ], + "it": [ + "fragilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firm but easily broken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumbliness", + "friability" + ], + "it": [ + "friabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive breakableness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flakiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having or breaking into thin crisp flakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbreakableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consistency of something that does not break under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porosity", + "porousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being porous; being able to absorb fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the porosity of a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permeability", + "permeableness" + ], + "it": [ + "penetrabilià", + "permeabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something that can be pervaded by a liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrability", + "perviousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being penetrable (by people or light or missiles etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorbency" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "capacità d'assorbimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being absorbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidity", + "solidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consistency of a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compactness" + ], + "it": [ + "compattezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consistency of a compact solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "density", + "denseness" + ], + "it": [ + "concentramento", + "fittezza", + "foltezza", + "spessezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount per unit size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specific gravity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the density of a substance relative to the density of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vapor density", + "vapour density" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the density of a gas relative to the density of hydrogen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impermeability", + "impermeableness" + ], + "it": [ + "impermeabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something that cannot be pervaded by a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retentiveness", + "retentivity", + "retention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of retaining liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinary retention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holding urine in the urinary bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impenetrability", + "imperviousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being impenetrable (by people or light or missiles etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonabsorbency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of not being absorbent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposition" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione", + "inclinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural or acquired habit or characteristic tendency in a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aptness", + "propensity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to behave in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mordacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predisposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition in advance to react in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proneness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being disposed to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition toward schism and secession from a larger group; the principles and practices of separatists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendency", + "inclination" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione", + "tendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic likelihood of or natural disposition toward a certain condition or character or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoyancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to float in water or other liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronegativity", + "negativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the tendency of an atom or radical to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic bond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stainability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cytology) the capacity of cells or cell parts to stain specifically with certain dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency of cells to stain with basic dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to want things" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione a volere cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger", + "hungriness", + "thirst", + "thirstiness" + ], + "it": [ + "fame", + "sete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong desire for something (not food or drink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greed" + ], + "it": [ + "brama", + "cupidigia", + "esosità", + "ingordigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive desire to acquire or possess more (especially more material wealth) than one needs or deserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avarice", + "avariciousness", + "covetousness", + "cupidity" + ], + "it": [ + "avarizia", + "cupidigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme greed for material wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possessiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive desire to possess or dominate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquisitiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tendenza ad accumulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong desire to acquire and possess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliomania" + ], + "it": [ + "bibliomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation with the acquisition and possession of books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retentiveness", + "retentivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of retaining possessions that have been acquired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactile property", + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property perceived by touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feel of mechanical action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "texture" + ], + "it": [ + "consistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feel of a surface or a fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nap" + ], + "it": [ + "pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft or fuzzy surface texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothness" + ], + "it": [ + "levigatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a texture without roughness; smooth to the touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkiness", + "sleekness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smooth feel of silk fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slickness", + "slick", + "slipperiness", + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slippery smoothness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being soap or being covered with soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fineness", + "powderiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a very fine texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughness", + "raggedness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being scaly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarseness", + "nubbiness", + "tweediness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "looseness or roughness in texture (as of cloth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slub", + "knot", + "burl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft lump or unevenness in a yarn; either an imperfection or created by design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harshness", + "abrasiveness", + "scratchiness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarseness", + "graininess", + "granularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being composed of relatively large particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandiness" + ], + "it": [ + "arenosità", + "renosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a texture resembling that of sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shagginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roughness of nap produced by long woolly hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumpiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the texture of a surface that has many bumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickliness", + "bristliness", + "spininess", + "thorniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being covered with prickly thorns or spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "optical properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleekness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being well-groomed and neatly tailored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "texture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic appearance of a surface having a tactile quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ], + "it": [ + "grana", + "venatura", + "verso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction, texture, or pattern of fibers found in wood or leather or stone or in a woven fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood grain", + "woodgrain", + "woodiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "texture produced by the fibers in wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graining", + "woodgraining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a texture like that of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i62999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marbleization", + "marbleisation", + "marbleizing", + "marbleising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a texture like that of marble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "lightness" + ], + "it": [ + "luce", + "lume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual effect of illumination on objects or scenes as created in pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aura", + "aureole", + "halo", + "nimbus", + "glory", + "gloriole" + ], + "it": [ + "aureola", + "nimbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication of radiant light drawn around the head of a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightness created by sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloudlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lightness of a sunny day when there are no clouds in the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highlight", + "highlighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of lightness in a picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brightness" + ], + "it": [ + "luminosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location of a visual perception along a continuum from black to white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glare", + "blaze", + "brilliance" + ], + "it": [ + "bagliore", + "balenio", + "sfolgorio", + "vivezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dazzle" + ], + "it": [ + "barbaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightness enough to blind partially and temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glitter", + "glister", + "glisten", + "scintillation", + "sparkle" + ], + "it": [ + "allucciolio", + "brillio", + "luccicamento", + "luccichio", + "lucciolio", + "luminio", + "scintillio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of shining with a bright reflected light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ], + "it": [ + "baleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a momentary brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spatially localized brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkle", + "twinkle", + "spark", + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "vivacità", + "scintilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merriment expressed by a brightness or gleam or animation of countenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opalescence", + "iridescence" + ], + "it": [ + "opalescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual property of something having a milky brightness and a play of colors from the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiance", + "radiancy", + "shine", + "effulgence", + "refulgence", + "refulgency" + ], + "it": [ + "appretto", + "brillantezza", + "fulgore", + "lucentezza", + "lucido", + "lucore", + "luminosità", + "lustrezza", + "lustro", + "politezza", + "rifulgenza", + "rilucentezza", + "rilucenza", + "risplendenza", + "splendore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio brightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strength of a radio wave picked up by a radio telescope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleam", + "gleaming", + "glow", + "lambency" + ], + "it": [ + "alone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance of reflected light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shininess", + "sheen", + "luster", + "lustre" + ], + "it": [ + "lucentezza", + "lucidezza", + "lucido", + "lustro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual property of something that shines with reflected light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luster", + "lustre", + "brilliancy", + "splendor", + "splendour" + ], + "it": [ + "magnificenza", + "splendore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality that outshines the usual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish", + "gloss", + "glossiness", + "burnish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being smooth and shiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French polish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the glaze produced by repeated applications of French polish shellac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glossy finish on a fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dullness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of visual brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimness", + "subduedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of lights or sounds that lack brilliance or are reduced in intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatness", + "lusterlessness", + "lustrelessness", + "mat", + "matt", + "matte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having little or no contrast; lacking highlights or gloss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual property that is subdued and free from brilliance or glare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "coloring", + "colouring" + ], + "it": [ + "colorazione", + "colore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary color", + "primary colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three colors from which all others can be obtained by mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary color for pigments", + "primary colour for pigments" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three pigments from which all colors can be obtained by mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary color for light", + "primary colour for light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three primary colors of light from which all colors can be obtained by additive mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary subtractive color for light", + "primary subtractive colour for light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three colors that give the primary colors for light after subtraction from white light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heather mixture", + "heather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interwoven yarns of mixed colors producing muted greyish shades with flecks of color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft shade of a color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "richness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong deep vividness of hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorlessness", + "colourlessness", + "achromatism", + "achromaticity" + ], + "it": [ + "acromatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual property of being without chromatic color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mottle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular arrangement of patches of color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence of normal pigmentation especially in the skin (as in albinism) or in red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade", + "tint", + "tincture", + "tone" + ], + "it": [ + "gradazione", + "sfumatura", + "tinta", + "tonalità", + "tono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of a given color that differs slightly from another color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertone", + "tinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale or subdued color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatic color", + "chromatic colour", + "spectral color", + "spectral colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color that has hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromatic color", + "achromatic colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color lacking hue; white or grey or black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black", + "blackness", + "inkiness" + ], + "it": [ + "nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal black", + "ebony", + "jet black", + "pitch black", + "sable", + "soot black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very dark black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white", + "whiteness" + ], + "it": [ + "bianchezza", + "candore", + "pallidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of the achromatic color of greatest lightness (bearing the least resemblance to black)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alabaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very light white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whiteness that results from removing the color from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone", + "ivory", + "pearl", + "off-white" + ], + "it": [ + "avorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of white the color of bleached bones" + ], + "it": [ + "colore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pure flat white with little reflectance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frostiness", + "hoariness" + ], + "it": [ + "canizie", + "canutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silvery-white color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gray", + "grayness", + "grey", + "greyness" + ], + "it": [ + "grigio", + "grigiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash grey", + "ash gray", + "silver", + "silver grey", + "silver gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light shade of grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal", + "charcoal grey", + "charcoal gray", + "oxford grey", + "oxford gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very dark grey color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dapple-grey", + "dapple-gray", + "dappled-grey", + "dappled-gray" + ], + "it": [ + "pomellato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grey with a mottled pattern of darker grey markings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron-grey", + "iron-gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the color of freshly broken cast iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattletale grey", + "tattletale gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greyish white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red", + "redness" + ], + "it": [ + "rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red pigment used in paints; basic lead chromate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkey red", + "alizarine red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright orange-red color produced in cotton cloth with alizarine dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal", + "carmine" + ], + "it": [ + "carminio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable color averaging a vivid red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimson", + "ruby", + "deep red" + ], + "it": [ + "cremisi", + "porpora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep and vivid red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red color that reflects little light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgundy" + ], + "it": [ + "bordeaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark purplish-red to blackish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark purplish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxblood red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark brownish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine", + "wine-colored", + "wine-coloured" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red as dark as red wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purplish red", + "purplish-red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red with a tinge of purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerise", + "cherry", + "cherry red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red the color of ripe cherries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magenta" + ], + "it": [ + "magenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary subtractive color for light; a dark purple-red color; the dye for magenta was discovered in 1859, the year of the battle of Magenta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuschia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark purplish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark purplish-red to dark brownish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet", + "vermilion", + "orange red" + ], + "it": [ + "scarlatto", + "vermiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange", + "orangeness" + ], + "it": [ + "arancio", + "arancione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange color or pigment; any of a range of colors between red and yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale pinkish orange color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reddish orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange color closer to red than to yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangerine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish to vivid orange color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow", + "yellowness" + ], + "it": [ + "giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of sunflowers or ripe lemons" + ], + "it": [ + "colore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blond", + "blonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light grayish yellow to near white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canary yellow", + "canary" + ], + "it": [ + "giallo canarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate yellow with a greenish tinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amber", + "gold" + ], + "it": [ + "oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep yellow color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brownish yellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow color of low lightness with a brownish tinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamboge", + "lemon", + "lemon yellow", + "maize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong yellow color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange yellow", + "saffron" + ], + "it": [ + "color zafferano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of yellow tinged with orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocher", + "ochre" + ], + "it": [ + "ocra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate yellow-orange to orange color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pale yellow", + "straw", + "wheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable yellow tint; dull yellow, often diluted with white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenish yellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of yellow tinged with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green", + "greenness", + "viridity" + ], + "it": [ + "verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being somewhat green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea green" + ], + "it": [ + "verde mare", + "verdemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a moderate green color resembling the waters of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sage green" + ], + "it": [ + "verde salvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the color of sage leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark to moderate or greyish green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brilliant green color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerald" + ], + "it": [ + "verde smeraldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the green color of an emerald" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive green", + "olive-green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color that is lighter and greener than olive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow green", + "yellowish green", + "chartreuse", + "Paris green", + "pea green" + ], + "it": [ + "verde pisello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of green tinged with yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluish green", + "blue green", + "teal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue-green color or pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primary subtractive color for light; has a blue-green color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jade green", + "jade" + ], + "it": [ + "verde giada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light green color varying from bluish green to yellowish green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue", + "blueness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue color or pigment; resembling the color of the clear sky in the daytime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azure", + "cerulean", + "sapphire", + "lazuline", + "sky-blue" + ], + "it": [ + "bluette", + "celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light shade of blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale blue color with grey in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greyish blue color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prussian blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark greenish-blue color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark blue", + "navy", + "navy blue" + ], + "it": [ + "blu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark shade of blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenish blue", + "aqua", + "aquamarine", + "turquoise", + "cobalt blue", + "peacock blue" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua marina", + "acquamarina", + "azzurro pavone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of blue tinged with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purplish blue", + "royal blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of blue tinged with purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple", + "purpleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purple color or pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrian purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vivid purplish-red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigo" + ], + "it": [ + "indaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue-violet color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale purple color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mauve" + ], + "it": [ + "malva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reddish purple", + "royal purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of purple tinged with red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violet", + "reddish blue" + ], + "it": [ + "viola", + "violetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable color that lies beyond blue in the spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light shade of red" + ], + "it": [ + "colore rosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinkness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being pink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pink or reddish-pink color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose", + "rosiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dusty pink color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old rose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greyish-pink color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solferino", + "purplish pink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pink dye that was discovered in 1859, the year a battle was fought at Solferino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowish pink", + "apricot", + "peach", + "salmon pink" + ], + "it": [ + "rosa salmone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of pink tinged with yellow" + ], + "it": [ + "colore albicocca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable color averaging a deep pink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown", + "brownness" + ], + "it": [ + "marrone", + "bruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange of low brightness and saturation" + ], + "it": [ + "colore somigliante a quello della buccia delle castagne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vandyke brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brown color of chestnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate", + "coffee", + "deep brown", + "umber", + "burnt umber" + ], + "it": [ + "marrone scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium brown to dark-brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of brown that is yellowish or reddish; it is a greenish shade of brown when used to describe the color of someone's eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light brown" + ], + "it": [ + "nocciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brown that is light but unsaturated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mocha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tan", + "topaz" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "color marrone chiaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light brown the color of topaz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dun", + "greyish brown", + "grayish brown", + "fawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color or pigment varying around a light grey-brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beige", + "ecru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very light brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reddish brown", + "sepia", + "burnt sienna", + "Venetian red", + "mahogany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of brown with a tinge of red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright reddish-brown color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper", + "copper color" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish-brown color resembling the color of polished copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reddish-brown color resembling the red soil used as body paint by American Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowish brown", + "raw sienna", + "buff", + "caramel", + "caramel brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium to dark tan color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color varying from dark purplish brown to dark red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shade of brown tinged with green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow-green color of low brightness and saturation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive drab", + "drab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull greyish to yellowish or light olive brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastel" + ], + "it": [ + "pastello", + "colore pastello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pale or light colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff-color", + "snuff-colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark yellowish brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greyish brown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultramarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vivid blue to purple-blue color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hue", + "chromaticity" + ], + "it": [ + "cromaticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturation", + "chroma", + "intensity", + "vividness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleness", + "pallidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being deficient in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementary color", + "complementary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either one of two chromatic colors that when mixed together give white (in the case of lights) or grey (in the case of pigments)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloration", + "colouration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appearance with regard to color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair coloring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coloring of the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigmentation" + ], + "it": [ + "pigmentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coloration of living tissues by pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal pigmentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanoderma" + ], + "it": [ + "melanodermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally dark skin caused by increased deposits of melatonin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depigmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absence or loss of pigmentation (or less than normal pigmentation) in the skin or hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poliosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of color from the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion", + "skin color", + "skin colour" + ], + "it": [ + "colore della pelle", + "incarnato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coloring of a person's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleness", + "blondness", + "fairness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a naturally light complexion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruddiness", + "rosiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a healthy reddish complexion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lividness", + "lividity", + "luridness", + "paleness", + "pallidness", + "pallor", + "wanness", + "achromasia" + ], + "it": [ + "lividezza", + "pallore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unnatural lack of color in the skin (as from bruising or sickness or emotional distress)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sallowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sickly yellowish skin color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tawniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being the color of tanned leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darkness", + "duskiness", + "swarthiness" + ], + "it": [ + "carnagione scura", + "scurezza", + "colore scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swarthy complexion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightness or fairness of complexion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsolid color", + "nonsolid colour", + "dithered color", + "dithered colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a color produced by a pattern of differently colored dots that together simulate the desired color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective coloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coloration making an organism less visible or attractive to predators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aposematic coloration", + "warning coloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conspicuous coloration or markings of an animal serving to warn off predators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apatetic coloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coloring serving as natural camouflage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptic coloration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coloring that conceals or disguises an animal's shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative darkness or lightness of a color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightness" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaro", + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a light color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darkness" + ], + "it": [ + "cupezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a dark or somber color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olfactory property", + "smell", + "aroma", + "odor", + "odour", + "scent" + ], + "it": [ + "odore", + "profumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any property detected by the olfactory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouquet", + "fragrance", + "fragrancy", + "redolence", + "sweetness" + ], + "it": [ + "bouquet", + "effluvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasingly sweet olfactory property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malodorousness", + "stinkiness", + "foulness", + "rankness", + "fetidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of having a strong offensive smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body odor", + "body odour", + "B.O." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malodorousness resulting from a failure to bathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the olfactory properties of musk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noisiness", + "racketiness" + ], + "it": [ + "chiassosità", + "rumorosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the auditory effect characterized by loud and constant noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) two or more sounds or tones at the same pitch or in octaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech" + ], + "it": [ + "timbro di voce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androglossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's voice with male qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silence", + "quiet" + ], + "it": [ + "silenzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of sound" + ], + "it": [ + "l'assenza di suono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush", + "stillness", + "still" + ], + "it": [ + "quiete", + "pace", + "silenzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(poetic) tranquil silence" + ], + "it": [ + "stato di tranquillità esterna non turbata da rumori molesti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speechlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being speechless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quietness", + "soundlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of making no sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noiselessness" + ], + "it": [ + "silenziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of making no noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musicality", + "musicalness" + ], + "it": [ + "armoniosità", + "musicalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of sounding like music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyricality", + "lyricism", + "songfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "musicalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being suitable for singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melodiousness", + "tunefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "canorità", + "melodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a melody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "texture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical pattern created by parts being played or sung together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreeable sound property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonance", + "harmoniousness" + ], + "it": [ + "consonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of sounding harmonious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissonance" + ], + "it": [ + "dissonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disagreeable sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discordance", + "discord" + ], + "it": [ + "disaccordo", + "disarmonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh mixture of sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disharmony", + "inharmoniousness" + ], + "it": [ + "disarmonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacophony" + ], + "it": [ + "cacofonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud confusing disagreeable sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boisterousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being noisy and lively and unrestrained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza", + "intonazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert pitch", + "philharmonic pitch", + "international pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pitch used to tune instruments for concert performances; usually assigns 440 Hz to the A above middle C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high pitch", + "high frequency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch that is perceived as above other pitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soprano", + "treble" + ], + "it": [ + "soprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pitch range of the highest female voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pitch range of the highest male voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pitch of the voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low pitch", + "low frequency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitch that is perceived as below other pitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low pitch that is loud and voluminous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto" + ], + "it": [ + "contralto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pitch range of the lowest female voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a musical instrument) the second highest instrument in a family of musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest part of the musical range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone" + ], + "it": [ + "tono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a pitch or change in pitch of the voice that serves to distinguish words in tonal languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of producing accurately a note of a given pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the sound property resulting from a combination of organ stops used to perform a particular piece of music; the technique of selecting and adjusting organ stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timbre", + "timber", + "quality", + "tone" + ], + "it": [ + "timbro", + "qualità", + "tono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the distinctive property of a complex sound (a voice or noise or musical sound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of musical tones whose frequencies are integral multiples of the frequency of a fundamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality imparted to voiced speech sounds by the action of the resonating chambers of the throat and mouth and nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "coloration", + "colouration" + ], + "it": [ + "colorito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the timbre of a musical sound" + ], + "it": [ + "timbro di suoni musicali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harshness", + "roughness" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gruffness", + "hoarseness", + "huskiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a throaty harshness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullness", + "mellowness", + "richness" + ], + "it": [ + "pastosità", + "pienezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a sensation that is rich and pleasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasality" + ], + "it": [ + "nasalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality of the voice that is produced by nasal resonators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang", + "nasal twang" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "accento nasale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated nasality in speech (as in some regional dialects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plangency", + "resonance", + "reverberance", + "ringing", + "sonorousness", + "sonority", + "vibrancy" + ], + "it": [ + "sonorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the character of a loud deep sound; the quality of being resonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrillness", + "stridence", + "stridency" + ], + "it": [ + "acutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the timbre of a loud high-pitched sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volume", + "loudness", + "intensity" + ], + "it": [ + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magnitude of sound (usually in a specified direction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crescendo" + ], + "it": [ + "crescendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a gradual increase in loudness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crescendo followed by a decrescendo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forte", + "fortissimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) loud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound property that is free from loudness or stridency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faintness" + ], + "it": [ + "esilità", + "levità", + "lievità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barely audible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrescendo", + "diminuendo" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescendo", + "diminuendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a gradual decrease in loudness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano", + "pianissimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) low loudness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythmicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rhythmic property imparted by the accents and relative durations of notes in a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter", + "metre", + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration" + ], + "it": [ + "durata di una battuta musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadence", + "cadency" + ], + "it": [ + "cadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurrent rhythmical series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilt", + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jaunty rhythm in music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property appreciated via the sense of taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rancidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being rancid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiciness", + "spice", + "spicery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being seasoned with spice and so highly flavored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pungency", + "bite", + "sharpness", + "raciness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sapore piccante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong odor or taste property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nip", + "piquance", + "piquancy", + "piquantness", + "tang", + "tanginess", + "zest" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "gusto piccante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tart spicy quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotness", + "pepperiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hot spiciness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltiness" + ], + "it": [ + "salsedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of containing salt (as a compound or in solution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brininess", + "salinity" + ], + "it": [ + "salinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative proportion of salt in a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brackishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being salty, as the saltiness of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourness", + "sour", + "acidity" + ], + "it": [ + "acidità", + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being acidic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acerbity", + "tartness" + ], + "it": [ + "acidità", + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp sour taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegariness", + "vinegarishness" + ], + "it": [ + "acetosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sourness resembling that of vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetness", + "sweet" + ], + "it": [ + "dolcezza", + "sapore dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of tasting as if it contains sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccharinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excessive sweetness of saccharin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugariness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sweetness of sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitterness", + "bitter" + ], + "it": [ + "acerbità", + "agrezzza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a harsh unpleasant taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acerbity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp bitterness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acridity", + "acridness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme bitterness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatability", + "palatableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being acceptable to the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasingness", + "tastiness" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "gustosità", + "saporosità", + "succulenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasant palatability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appetizingness", + "appetisingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of stimulating the appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delectability", + "deliciousness", + "lusciousness", + "toothsomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme appetizingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavorsomeness", + "flavoursomeness", + "savoriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having an appetizing flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapidity", + "sapidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasant flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succulence", + "succulency", + "juiciness" + ], + "it": [ + "gustosità", + "succosità", + "succulenza", + "sugosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a juicy appetizingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpalatability", + "unpalatableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being unacceptable to the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgustingness", + "distastefulness", + "nauseatingness", + "sickeningness", + "unsavoriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme unpalatability to the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unappetizingness", + "unappetisingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of spoiling the appetite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavorlessness", + "flavourlessness", + "savorlessness", + "savourlessness", + "tastelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "insipidezza", + "insipidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having no flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blandness", + "insipidity", + "insipidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking any distinctive or interesting taste property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edibility", + "edibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "commestibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being fit to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestibility", + "digestibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "digeribilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being easy to digest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigestibility", + "indigestibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "indigeribilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being difficult to digest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodily property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bipedalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily attribute of being bipedal; having two feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laterality", + "dominance" + ], + "it": [ + "prevalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superior development of one side of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physique", + "build", + "body-build", + "habitus" + ], + "it": [ + "complessione", + "conformazione", + "corporatura", + "fisico", + "membratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitution of the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lankiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tall and thin physique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumpiness", + "squattiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short and stout physique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body type", + "somatotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category of physique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asthenic type", + "ectomorphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender, weak, and lightweight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endomorphy", + "pyknic type" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round, fat, and heavy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic type", + "mesomorphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular and big-boned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatness", + "fat", + "blubber", + "avoirdupois" + ], + "it": [ + "grassezza", + "obesità", + "pinguedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess bodily weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adiposity", + "adiposeness", + "fattiness" + ], + "it": [ + "adiposità", + "grassezza", + "pinguedine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having the property of containing fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominousness", + "paunchiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily property of a protruding belly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greasiness", + "oiliness", + "oleaginousness" + ], + "it": [ + "oleosità", + "untuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consisting of or covered with oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleshiness", + "obesity", + "corpulency" + ], + "it": [ + "carnosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more than average fatness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpulence", + "overweight", + "stoutness", + "adiposis" + ], + "it": [ + "corpulenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of excessive fatness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exogenous obesity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obesity caused by overeating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steatopygia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme accumulation of fat on the buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumpness", + "embonpoint", + "roundness" + ], + "it": [ + "floridezza", + "floridità", + "lussureggiamento", + "paffutezza", + "prosperosità", + "rigogliosità", + "rotondità", + "vigoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily property of being well rounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chubbiness", + "pudginess", + "tubbiness", + "rolypoliness" + ], + "it": [ + "paffutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a plump and round body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buxomness" + ], + "it": [ + "formosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily property of being attractively plump and vigorous and (of women) full-bosomed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leanness", + "thinness", + "spareness" + ], + "it": [ + "asciuttezza", + "esilità", + "magrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having little body fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinniness", + "scrawniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily property of lacking flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonyness", + "boniness", + "emaciation", + "gauntness", + "maceration" + ], + "it": [ + "consunzione", + "deperimento", + "dimagrimento", + "macilenza", + "magrezza", + "secchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme leanness (usually caused by starvation or disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slenderness", + "slightness", + "slimness" + ], + "it": [ + "esilità", + "magrezza", + "snellezza", + "sottigliezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of an attractively thin person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stature", + "height" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza", + "statura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza della figura umana in posizione eretta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being taller than average stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness" + ], + "it": [ + "bassa statura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being shorter than average stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carriage", + "bearing", + "posture" + ], + "it": [ + "movenza", + "portamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characteristic way of bearing one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk", + "manner of walking" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "andatura", + "camminata", + "passo", + "modo di camminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manner of walking" + ], + "it": [ + "modo di incedere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stooping carriage in standing and walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gracefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "garbo", + "grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace", + "gracility" + ], + "it": [ + "grazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elegance and beauty of movement or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agility", + "legerity", + "lightness", + "lightsomeness", + "nimbleness" + ], + "it": [ + "agilità", + "elasticità", + "scioltezza", + "snellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gracefulness of a person or animal that is quick and nimble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lissomeness", + "litheness", + "suppleness" + ], + "it": [ + "duttilità", + "flessuosità", + "pieghevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gracefulness of a person or animal that is flexible and supple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awkwardness", + "clumsiness" + ], + "it": [ + "goffaggine", + "sgraziataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the carriage of someone whose movements and posture are ungainly or inelegant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gracelessness", + "ungracefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "sgraziataggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant lack of grace in carriage or form or movement or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gawkiness", + "ungainliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the carriage of someone whose movements and posture are extremely ungainly and inelegant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffness" + ], + "it": [ + "legnosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of moving with pain or difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "processes and functions of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiological property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property having to do with the functioning of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animateness", + "aliveness", + "liveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being animated; having animal life as distinguished from plant life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animation", + "vitality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being able to survive and grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the readiness to perceive sensations; elementary or undifferentiated consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inanimateness", + "lifelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not having life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inanimate property of something that has died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insentience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking consciousness or ability to perceive sensations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex", + "gender", + "sexuality" + ], + "it": [ + "sesso", + "sessualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the properties that distinguish organisms on the basis of their reproductive roles" + ], + "it": [ + "le proprietà che distinguono gli organismi sulla base dei loro ruoli riproduttivi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex characteristic", + "sexual characteristic", + "sex character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those characteristics (both anatomical and psychological) that are strongly associated with one sex relative to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary sex characteristic", + "primary sexual characteristic", + "primary sex character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the genetically determined sex characteristics bound up with reproduction (genitals and organs of reproduction)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary sex characteristic", + "secondary sexual characteristic", + "secondary sex character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the genetically determined sex characteristics that are not functionally necessary for reproduction (pitch of the voice and body hair and musculature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asexuality", + "sexlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "asessualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having no evident sex or sex organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleness", + "masculinity" + ], + "it": [ + "virilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the properties characteristic of the male sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the masculine property of being capable of copulation and procreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virilism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of male secondary sexual characteristics in a female (or prematurely in a young boy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "androgyny", + "hermaphroditism", + "bisexuality" + ], + "it": [ + "androginia", + "bisessualità", + "ermafrodismo", + "ermafroditismo", + "monoicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showing characteristics of both sexes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femaleness", + "feminineness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the properties characteristic of the female sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volatility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of changing readily from a solid or liquid to a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorptivity", + "absorption factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the property of a body that determines the fraction of the incident radiation or sound flux absorbed or absorbable by the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolubility", + "solubleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being dissoluble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drippiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of being soft and drippy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflection", + "reflexion", + "reflectivity" + ], + "it": [ + "riverbero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to reflect beams or rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo", + "reverberation", + "sound reflection", + "replication" + ], + "it": [ + "eco", + "ripercussione", + "riverbero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of the sound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the echo of an echo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflected television or radio or radar beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflection", + "deflexion", + "bending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being bent or deflected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windage", + "wind deflection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deflection of a projectile resulting from the effects of wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refractivity", + "refractiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of a medium as determined by its index of refraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature" + ], + "it": [ + "temperatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat content", + "total heat", + "enthalpy", + "H" + ], + "it": [ + "entalpia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(thermodynamics) a thermodynamic quantity equal to the internal energy of a system plus the product of its volume and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "randomness", + "entropy", + "S" + ], + "it": [ + "entropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(thermodynamics) a thermodynamic quantity representing the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for doing mechanical work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformational entropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entropy calculated from the probability that a state could be reached by chance alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute temperature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperature measured on the absolute scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute zero" + ], + "it": [ + "zero assoluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cryogenics) the lowest temperature theoretically attainable (at which the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is minimal); 0 Kelvin or -273.15 centigrade or -459.67 Fahrenheit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curie temperature", + "Curie point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temperature above which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes paramagnetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dew point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di rugiada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins" + ], + "it": [ + "temperatura alla quale inizia la condensazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash point", + "flashpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest temperature at which the vapor of a combustible liquid can be ignited in air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freezing point", + "melting point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiling point", + "boil" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di ebollizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperature measured by a mercury thermometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room temperature" + ], + "it": [ + "temperatura ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal temperature of room in which people live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperature just below the boiling point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal body temperature", + "basal temperature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "body temperature in the morning before rising or moving about or eating anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body temperature", + "blood heat" + ], + "it": [ + "temperatura corporea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temperature of the body; normally 98.6 F or 37 C in humans; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coldness", + "cold", + "low temperature", + "frigidity", + "frigidness" + ], + "it": [ + "freddo", + "gelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chill", + "iciness", + "gelidity" + ], + "it": [ + "gelidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coldness due to a cold environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chilliness", + "coolness", + "nip" + ], + "it": [ + "fresco", + "frescura", + "orezzo", + "rezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being moderately cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frostiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coldness as evidenced by frost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool" + ], + "it": [ + "fresco", + "frescura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being at a refreshingly low temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotness", + "heat", + "high temperature" + ], + "it": [ + "caldo", + "calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calefaction", + "incalescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being warming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieriness", + "red heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heat or the color of fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torridity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warmth", + "warmness" + ], + "it": [ + "tepore", + "tiepidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a moderate degree of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lukewarmness", + "tepidity", + "tepidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warmness resembling the temperature of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hotness of something heated until it turns white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perceptibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being perceptible by the mind or the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visibility", + "visibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "visibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality or fact or degree of being visible; perceptible by the eye or obvious to the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance at which a given standard object can be seen with the unaided eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invisibility", + "invisibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "invisibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being perceivable by the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminosity", + "brightness", + "brightness level", + "luminance", + "luminousness", + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarezza", + "luce", + "luminosità", + "nitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illuminance", + "illumination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the luminous flux incident on a unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incandescence" + ], + "it": [ + "incandescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light from heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminescence", + "glow" + ], + "it": [ + "luminescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light from nonthermal sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audibility", + "audibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "udibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality or fact or degree of being audible or perceptible by the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaudibility", + "inaudibleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being perceptible by the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperceptibility" + ], + "it": [ + "impercettibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being imperceptible by the mind or the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reluctivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the resistance of a material to the establishment of a magnetic field in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity", + "sensitiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to respond to physical stimuli or to register small physical amounts or differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a curve representing the output-to-input ratio of a transducer as a function of frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetization", + "magnetisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of being magnetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elasticity", + "snap" + ], + "it": [ + "elasticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency of a body to return to its original shape after it has been stretched or compressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resilience", + "resiliency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation that does not exceed its elastic limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce", + "bounciness" + ], + "it": [ + "elasticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of a substance that is able to rebound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "spring", + "springiness" + ], + "it": [ + "elasticità", + "molleggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stretchiness", + "stretchability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity for being stretched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper", + "toughness" + ], + "it": [ + "tenacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elasticity of shear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elasticity of a body that has been pulled out of shape by a shearing force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malleability", + "plasticity" + ], + "it": [ + "docilità", + "dolcezza", + "malleabilità", + "plasticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being physically malleable; the property of something that can be worked or hammered or shaped without breaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ductility", + "ductileness" + ], + "it": [ + "duttilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the malleability of something that can be drawn into threads or wires or hammered into thin sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrosity", + "fibrousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being fibrous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flexibility", + "flexibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "elasticità", + "flessibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bendability", + "pliability" + ], + "it": [ + "flessibilità", + "malleabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being easily bent without breaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the flexibility of the shaft of a golf club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pliancy", + "pliantness", + "suppleness" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being pliant and flexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inelasticity" + ], + "it": [ + "anelasticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of elasticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of something that has lost its elasticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of being inflexible and hard to bend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigidity", + "rigidness" + ], + "it": [ + "rigidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical property of being stiff and resisting bending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmalleability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of malleability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflexibility", + "inflexibleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of physical flexibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass" + ], + "it": [ + "massa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field" + ], + "it": [ + "quantita' di materia che costituisce un corpo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main mass of a thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biomass" + ], + "it": [ + "biomassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total mass of living matter in a given unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critical mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimum mass of fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the mass of a body as measured when the body is at rest relative to an observer, an inherent property of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relativistic mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the mass of a body in motion relative to the observer: it is equal to the rest mass multiplied by a factor that is greater than 1 and that increases as the magnitude of the velocity increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulk" + ], + "it": [ + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a large mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitational mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the mass of a body as measured by its gravitational attraction for other bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertial mass" + ], + "it": [ + "massa inerziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the mass of a body as determined by the second law of motion from the acceleration of the body when it is subjected to a force that is not due to gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic mass", + "atomic weight", + "relative atomic mass" + ], + "it": [ + "massa atomica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the mass of a body regarded relativistically as energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecular weight", + "relative molecular mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivalent", + "equivalent weight", + "combining weight", + "eq" + ], + "it": [ + "equivalente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atomic weight of an element that has the same combining capacity as a given weight of another element; the standard is 8 for oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milliequivalent", + "meq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-thousandth of an equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weight of a person's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reporting weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's body weight (as an athlete's) at the beginning of the season (when first reporting for practice)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy motionless weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaviness", + "weightiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being comparatively great in weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heft", + "heftiness", + "massiveness", + "ponderousness", + "ponderosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being large in mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preponderance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exceeding in heaviness; having greater weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poundage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weight expressed in pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weight of a motor vehicle, railroad car, or aircraft without its fuel or cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw-weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the weight of the payload of a missile (not including the weight of the rocket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightness", + "weightlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "leggerezza", + "assenza di peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being comparatively small in weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airiness", + "buoyancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something weightless and insubstantial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "momentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of a body's mass and its velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular momentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of the momentum of a rotating body and its distance from the axis of rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustainability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being sustainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "fibra", + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being physically or mentally strong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of especial strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensile strength" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strength of material expressed as the greatest longitudinal stress it can bear without tearing apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brawn", + "brawniness", + "muscle", + "muscularity", + "sinew", + "heftiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possessing muscular strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "might", + "mightiness", + "power" + ], + "it": [ + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigor", + "vigour", + "dynamism", + "heartiness" + ], + "it": [ + "energia", + "nerbo", + "polso", + "possanza", + "robustezza", + "vigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "active strength of body or mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robustness", + "hardiness", + "lustiness", + "validity" + ], + "it": [ + "gagliardia", + "robustezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being strong and healthy in constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huskiness", + "ruggedness", + "toughness" + ], + "it": [ + "robustezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being big and strong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallness", + "littleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having relatively little strength or vigor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoutness", + "stalwartness" + ], + "it": [ + "determinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being strong and resolute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sturdiness" + ], + "it": [ + "robustezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something that is strongly built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firmness", + "soundness" + ], + "it": [ + "solidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle tone of healthy tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indomitability", + "invincibility" + ], + "it": [ + "imbattibilità", + "invincibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property being difficult or impossible to defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortitude" + ], + "it": [ + "fortezza", + "forza d'animo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strength of mind that enables one to endure adversity with courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbone", + "grit", + "guts", + "moxie", + "sand", + "gumption" + ], + "it": [ + "spina dorsale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortitude and determination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endurance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to withstand hardship or stress" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine a sopportare condizioni avverse, disagi, sforzi, pressioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sufferance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patient endurance especially of pain or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamina", + "staying power", + "toughness" + ], + "it": [ + "fiato", + "resistenza", + "capacità di resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enduring strength and energy" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità di sopportare lo sforzo e la fatica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "staying power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being lean and tough and sinewy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-sufferance", + "long-suffering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patient endurance of pain or unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolerance" + ], + "it": [ + "sopportazione", + "tolleranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power or capacity of an organism to tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tolerance for alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invulnerability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being invulnerable; the property of being incapable of being hurt (physically or emotionally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unaffected by something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power of appointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authority given (in a will or deed) by a donor to a donee to appoint the beneficiaries of the donor's property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potency", + "effectiveness", + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capacity to produce strong physiological or chemical effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valence", + "valency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a property of atoms or radicals; their combining power given in terms of the number of hydrogen atoms (or the equivalent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covalence", + "covalency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valence characterized by the sharing of electrons in a chemical compound; the number of pairs of electrons an atom can share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valence", + "valency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a relative capacity to unite or react or interact as with antigens or a biological substrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force", + "forcefulness", + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo", + "energia", + "forza", + "lena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical energy or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "main force of a blow etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "momentum", + "impulse" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impelling force or strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy", + "vigor", + "vigour", + "zip" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamismo", + "energia", + "vigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forceful exertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athleticism", + "strenuosity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensity", + "intensiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "acutezza", + "intensità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high level or degree; the property of being intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badness", + "severity", + "severeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foulness", + "raininess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of weather) the badness of the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seriousness", + "distressfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "gravità", + "serietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of arousing fear or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehemence", + "emphasis" + ], + "it": [ + "enfasi", + "furia", + "veemenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intensity or forcefulness of expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest possible intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overemphasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much emphasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferocity", + "fierceness", + "furiousness", + "fury", + "vehemence", + "violence", + "wildness" + ], + "it": [ + "ferocia", + "ferocità", + "furia", + "impeto", + "irruenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being wild or turbulent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savageness", + "savagery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being untamed and ferocious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration" + ], + "it": [ + "concentrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titer", + "titre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concentration of a solution as determined by titration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen ion concentration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of moles of hydrogen ions per cubic decimeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pH", + "pH scale" + ], + "it": [ + "pH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from potential of Hydrogen) the logarithm of the reciprocal of hydrogen-ion concentration in gram atoms per liter; provides a measure on a scale from 0 to 14 of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution (where 7 is neutral and greater than 7 is more basic and less than 7 is more acidic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pH values below 7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperacidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive acidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalinity" + ], + "it": [ + "alcalinità", + "basicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pH values above 7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutrality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pH value of 7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molality", + "molal concentration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concentration measured by the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molarity", + "molar concentration", + "M" + ], + "it": [ + "molalità", + "molarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concentration measured by the number of moles of solute per liter of solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakness" + ], + "it": [ + "bolsaggine", + "cascaggine", + "fiacchezza", + "gracilità", + "indebolimento", + "languore", + "mala voglia", + "malavoglia", + "mollezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of lacking physical or mental strength; liability to failure under pressure or stress or strain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adynamia" + ], + "it": [ + "adinamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of strength or vigor (especially from illness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feebleness", + "tenuity" + ], + "it": [ + "fievolezza", + "mollezza", + "tenuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking intensity or substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being without strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flimsiness", + "shoddiness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconsistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of weakness by virtue of careless construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragility", + "delicacy" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza", + "fragilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of physical strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insubstantiality" + ], + "it": [ + "inconsistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of solid substance and strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attenuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something that has been weakened or reduced in thickness or density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enervation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "susceptibility to fatigue; a tendency to get tired or lose strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inanition", + "lassitude", + "lethargy", + "slackness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakness characterized by a lack of vitality or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weak part", + "weak spot", + "soft spot" + ], + "it": [ + "debole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of especial vulnerability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achilles' heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seemingly small but actual mortal weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jugular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vital part that is vulnerable to attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbelly" + ], + "it": [ + "ventre molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being weak or unprotected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulnerability" + ], + "it": [ + "vulnerabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "susceptibility to injury or attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defenselessness", + "defencelessness", + "unprotectedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being helpless in the face of attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assailability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulnerability to forceful attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destructibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulnerability to destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indestructibility" + ], + "it": [ + "indistruttibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strength to resist destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragility", + "breakability", + "frangibleness", + "frangibility" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza", + "fragilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being easily damaged or destroyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulnerability to the elements; to the action of heat or cold or wind or rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windage", + "wind exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure to the wind (as the exposed part of a vessel's hull which is responsible for wind resistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solarization", + "solarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exposure to the rays of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal property" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property relating to time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal arrangement", + "temporal order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement of events in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence", + "chronological sequence", + "succession", + "successiveness", + "chronological succession" + ], + "it": [ + "catena", + "fila", + "rosario", + "sequela", + "successione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a following of one thing after another in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain", + "pelting" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything happening rapidly or in quick successive" + ], + "it": [ + "grande quantità in rapida successione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned recurrent sequence (of crops or personnel etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuous chronological succession without an interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbroken chronological sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timing" + ], + "it": [ + "momento", + "tempo", + "data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the time when something happens" + ], + "it": [ + "il punto nel tempo in cui un evento si verifica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "approaching", + "coming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal property of becoming nearer in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of coming early or earlier in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advanced stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateness" + ], + "it": [ + "ritardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of coming late or later in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priority", + "antecedence", + "antecedency", + "anteriority", + "precedence", + "precedency" + ], + "it": [ + "antecedenza", + "anteriorità", + "precedenza", + "priorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preceding in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posteriority", + "subsequentness", + "subsequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "following in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuality", + "promptness" + ], + "it": [ + "esattezza", + "puntualità", + "regolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or habit of adhering to an appointed time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tardiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or habit of not adhering to a correct or usual or expected time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simultaneity", + "simultaneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "concomitanza", + "contemporaneità", + "simultaneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happening or existing or done at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrence", + "coincidence", + "conjunction", + "co-occurrence" + ], + "it": [ + "concorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal property of two things happening at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concomitance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurrence or existence together or in connection with one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of partial coincidence in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemporaneity", + "contemporaneousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of belonging to the same period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occurring together or simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasonableness", + "timeliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being at the right time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unseasonableness", + "untimeliness" + ], + "it": [ + "intempestività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being at an inappropriate time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recency", + "recentness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a time immediately before the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futurity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being in or of the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentness", + "nowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currentness", + "currency", + "up-to-dateness" + ], + "it": [ + "attualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of belonging to the present time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernity", + "modernness", + "modernism", + "contemporaneity", + "contemporaneousness" + ], + "it": [ + "modernità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being current or of the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark advance", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the timing of ignition relative to the position of the piston in an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duration", + "length" + ], + "it": [ + "durata", + "lunghezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continuance in time" + ], + "it": [ + "durata nel tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duration as an extension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longevity", + "length of service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duration of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lengthiness", + "prolongation", + "continuation", + "protraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consequence of being lengthened in duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a prolongation of unspecified length on a note or chord or rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being (or seeming to be) without end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuousness", + "ceaselessness", + "incessancy", + "incessantness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of something that continues without end or interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being of short temporal extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brevity", + "briefness", + "transience" + ], + "it": [ + "brevità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being brief or fleeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanence", + "permanency" + ], + "it": [ + "permanenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being able to exist for an indefinite duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetuity", + "sempiternity" + ], + "it": [ + "perennità", + "perpetuità", + "sempiternità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being perpetual (seemingly ceaseless)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lastingness", + "durability", + "enduringness", + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "durevolezza", + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà di materiali e sostanze di reggere a colpi, strappi, solecitazioni e simili, senza rompersi, spezzarsi o deformarsi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuity", + "persistence" + ], + "it": [ + "persistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a continuous and connected period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "changelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of remaining unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "everlastingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of lasting forever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperishability", + "imperishableness", + "imperishingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being resistant to decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perdurability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being extremely durable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impermanence", + "impermanency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of not existing for indefinitely long durations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporariness" + ], + "it": [ + "provvisorietà", + "temporaneità", + "transitorietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of lasting only a short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transience", + "transiency", + "transitoriness" + ], + "it": [ + "caducità", + "fuggevolezza", + "labilità", + "precarietà", + "sfuggevolezza", + "transitorietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impermanence that suggests the inevitability of ending or dying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugacity", + "fugaciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of enduring qualities (used chiefly of plant parts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephemerality", + "ephemeralness", + "fleetingness" + ], + "it": [ + "caducità", + "fugacità", + "labilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of lasting for a very short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency of a gas to expand or escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortality" + ], + "it": [ + "mortalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being mortal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immortality" + ], + "it": [ + "immortalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being immortal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of living things) capable of normal growth and development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio", + "audio frequency" + ], + "it": [ + "audiofrequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an audible acoustic wave frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio frequency" + ], + "it": [ + "radiofrequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electromagnetic wave frequency between audio and infrared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrared", + "infrared frequency" + ], + "it": [ + "infrarosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic wave frequencies below the visible range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frequency assigned to a broadcasting station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremely low frequency", + "ELF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "below 3 kilohertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "very low frequency", + "VLF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3 to 30 kilohertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low frequency", + "LF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "30 to 300 kilohertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium frequency", + "MF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "300 to 3000 kilohertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high frequency", + "HF" + ], + "it": [ + "A.F.", + "alta frequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3 to 30 megahertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "very high frequency", + "VHF" + ], + "it": [ + "altissima frequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "30 to 300 megahertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultrahigh frequency", + "UHF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "300 to 3000 megahertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superhigh frequency", + "SHF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3 to 30 gigahertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremely high frequency", + "EHF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "30 to 300 gigahertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed", + "swiftness", + "fastness" + ], + "it": [ + "andatura", + "celerità", + "speditezza", + "velocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate (usually rapid) at which something happens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace", + "rate" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo", + "velocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative speed of progress or change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular rate of repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleetness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapidity of movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celerity", + "quickness", + "rapidity", + "rapidness", + "speediness" + ], + "it": [ + "celerità", + "fulmineità", + "prestezza", + "rapidezza", + "rapidità", + "rattezza", + "speditezza", + "subitaneità", + "subitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate that is rapid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immediacy", + "immediateness", + "instantaneousness", + "instancy" + ], + "it": [ + "immediatezza", + "istantaneità", + "prontezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quickness of action or occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "despatch", + "expedition", + "expeditiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being prompt and efficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promptness", + "promptitude" + ], + "it": [ + "alacrità", + "prontezza", + "sollecitudine", + "sveltezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic of doing things without delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haste", + "hastiness", + "hurry", + "hurriedness", + "precipitation" + ], + "it": [ + "fretta", + "furia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overly eager speed (and possible carelessness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abruptness", + "precipitateness", + "precipitousness", + "precipitance", + "precipitancy", + "suddenness" + ], + "it": [ + "repentinità", + "repenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of happening with headlong haste or without warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceleration" + ], + "it": [ + "acceleramento", + "accelerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in rate of change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup", + "getaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being capable of rapid acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected acceleration or hastening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceleration", + "slowing", + "retardation" + ], + "it": [ + "decelerazione", + "rallentamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in rate of change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution speed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the speed with which a computational device can execute instructions; measured in MIPS" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduality", + "gradualness" + ], + "it": [ + "gradualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being gradual or of coming about by gradual stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slowness", + "deliberation", + "deliberateness", + "unhurriedness" + ], + "it": [ + "lentezza", + "lungaggine", + "ritardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rate demonstrating an absence of haste or hurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leisureliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slowness by virtue of being leisurely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilatoriness", + "procrastination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slowness as a consequence of not getting around to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluggishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pace of things that move relatively slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatial property", + "spatiality" + ], + "it": [ + "spazialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any property relating to or occupying space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimensionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of having dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-dimensionality", + "linearity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having one dimension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-dimensionality", + "flatness", + "planeness" + ], + "it": [ + "bidimensionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having two dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-dimensionality", + "third-dimensionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having three dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of resembling a cube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being directional or maintaining a direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape", + "form", + "configuration", + "contour", + "conformation" + ], + "it": [ + "forma", + "linea", + "sagoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topography" + ], + "it": [ + "topografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the configuration of a surface and the relations among its man-made and natural features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having lobules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symmetry", + "symmetricalness", + "correspondence", + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "simmetria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) an attribute of a shape or relation; exact reflection of form on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regularity", + "geometrical regularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a property of polygons: the property of having equal sides and equal angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilaterality", + "bilateralism", + "bilateral symmetry" + ], + "it": [ + "bilateralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being symmetrical about a vertical plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial symmetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of symmetry about an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asymmetry", + "dissymmetry", + "imbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "asimmetria", + "asimmetricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a lack of symmetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irregularity", + "geometrical irregularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular asymmetry in shape; an irregular spatial pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lopsidedness", + "skewness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblique or slanting asymmetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliqueness" + ], + "it": [ + "obliquità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being neither parallel nor perpendicular, but at a slanting angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial asymmetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of symmetry about an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directivity", + "directionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a microphone or antenna of being more sensitive in one direction than in another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directivity", + "directiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being directive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handedness", + "laterality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of using one hand more than the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambidexterity", + "ambidextrousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ambidestrismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being equally skillful with each hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left-handedness", + "sinistrality" + ], + "it": [ + "mancinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preference for using the left hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right-handedness", + "dextrality" + ], + "it": [ + "destrismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preference for using the right hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of favoring one foot over the other (as in kicking a ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of favoring one eye over the other (as in taking aim)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occlusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) the normal spatial relation of the teeth when the jaws are closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilt", + "list", + "inclination", + "lean", + "leaning" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradient", + "slope" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione", + "pendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the horizontal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradient of a slope or road or other surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade", + "rise", + "rising slope" + ], + "it": [ + "rialzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a slope or surface that descends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "rake", + "slant" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degree of deviation from a horizontal plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the backward slant on the head of some golf clubs that is designed to drive the ball high in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abruptness", + "precipitousness", + "steepness" + ], + "it": [ + "ripidezza", + "ripidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a slope that is very steep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradualness", + "gentleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a slope that is very gradual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concavity", + "concaveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a concave shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollowness" + ], + "it": [ + "cavernosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a sunken area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convexity", + "convexness" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotondamento", + "bombatura", + "convessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a convex shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundedness", + "bulginess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a rounded convexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblateness", + "ellipticity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a round shape that is flattened at the poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angularity" + ], + "it": [ + "angolarità", + "angolosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a shape that has angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of becoming narrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarctation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a narrowing or constriction of a vessel or canal; especially a congenital narrowing of the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a shape that narrows toward a point (as a wedge or cone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "pointedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a shape that tapers to a sharp tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpointedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having only a dull tip (if any)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectangularity", + "oblongness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being shaped like a rectangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthogonality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lying or intersecting at right angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpendicularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being at right angles to a given line or plane (especially the plane of the horizon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squareness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being shaped like a square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangularity" + ], + "it": [ + "triangolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being shaped like a triangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvature", + "curve" + ], + "it": [ + "chinatura", + "curva", + "curvatura", + "incurvatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by the curving of a line or surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundness" + ], + "it": [ + "rotondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a line or surface that is curved and not angular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphericity", + "sphericalness", + "globosity", + "globularness", + "rotundity", + "rotundness" + ], + "it": [ + "globosità", + "rotondità", + "sfericità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roundness of a 3-dimensional object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cylindricality", + "cylindricalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roundness of a 3-dimensional cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularity", + "disk shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roundness of a 2-dimensional figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentricity" + ], + "it": [ + "concentricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having the same center (as circles inside one another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eccentricity" + ], + "it": [ + "eccentricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circularity that has a different center or deviates from a circular path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from crooks or curves or bends or angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crookedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having or distinguished by crooks or curves or bends or angles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curliness", + "waviness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of hair) a tendency to curl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of hair) lack of a tendency to curl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layered configuration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "spatial relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of a place where or way in which something is situated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placement", + "arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "collocamento", + "disposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of the way in which something is placed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columniation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) the arrangement of columns (especially freestanding columns) in a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point of view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of the position from which something is observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camera angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of view of a camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composition", + "composing" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of windows in a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion", + "proportionality", + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alignment" + ], + "it": [ + "allineamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property possessed by an arrangement or position of things in a straight line or in parallel lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proper alignment; the property possessed by something that is in correct or proper alignment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misalignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of things that are not properly aligned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coincidence" + ], + "it": [ + "coincidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of occupying the same position or area in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead center", + "dead centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a crank when it is in line with the connecting rod and not exerting torque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrality" + ], + "it": [ + "centralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being central" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginality" + ], + "it": [ + "marginalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being marginal or on the fringes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anteriority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being in front or (in lower animals) toward the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posteriority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being toward the back or toward the rear end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwardness", + "externality" + ], + "it": [ + "esteriorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being outside or directed toward or relating to the outside or exterior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or state of being inward or internal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malposition", + "misplacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "faulty position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northernness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being to the north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southernness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being to the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontality" + ], + "it": [ + "orizzontalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being parallel to the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verticality", + "verticalness", + "erectness", + "uprightness" + ], + "it": [ + "perpendicolarità", + "verticalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position at right angles to the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "posture", + "attitude" + ], + "it": [ + "atteggiamento", + "positura", + "posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of the body and its limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classical position of the body and especially the feet in ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decubitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reclining position (as in a bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of being turned outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithotomy position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position lying on your back with knees bent and thighs apart; assumed for vaginal or rectal examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotus position" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione del loto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sitting position with the legs crossed; used in yoga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missionary position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position for sexual intercourse; a man and woman lie facing each other with the man on top; so-called because missionaries thought it the proper position for primitive peoples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a posture assumed by models for photographic or artistic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) position of the fetus in the uterus relative to the birth canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal position of a part or organ (especially at the time of birth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arabesque" + ], + "it": [ + "arabesque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position in which the dancer has one leg raised behind and arms outstretched in a conventional pose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a posture or manner of sitting (as in the practice of yoga)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matsyendra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a religious posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a posture of defence in boxing or fencing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprawl", + "sprawling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ungainly posture with arms and legs spread about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standing posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stance assumed by a golfer in preparation for hitting a golf ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention" + ], + "it": [ + "attenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motionless erect stance with arms at the sides and feet together; assumed by military personnel during drill or review" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erectness", + "uprightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being upright in posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of branching parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacing", + "spatial arrangement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by an array of things that have space between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tandem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of two or more objects or persons one behind another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a bodily position adopted in some sports (such as diving or skiing) in which the knees are bent and the thighs are drawn close to the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "openness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "without obstructions to passage or view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the openness (lack of obstruction) of a bodily passage or duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza", + "lontananza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property created by the space between two objects or points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "tragitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of distance in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean distance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum distances of a celestial body (satellite or secondary star) from its primary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farness", + "remoteness", + "farawayness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being remote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "far cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance estimated in terms of the audibility of a cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nearness", + "closeness" + ], + "it": [ + "prossimità", + "vicinanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property resulting from a relatively small distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proximity", + "propinquity" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being close together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjacency", + "contiguity", + "contiguousness" + ], + "it": [ + "contiguità", + "attiguità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being so near as to be touching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wavelength" + ], + "it": [ + "lunghezza d'onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance (measured in the direction of propagation) between two points in the same phase in consecutive cycles of a wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focal distance", + "focal length" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza focale", + "focale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance from a lens to its focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperfocal distance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance in front of a lens that is focused at infinity beyond which all objects are well defined and clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance leaped (or to be leaped)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ballet) the height of a dancer's leap or jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "span" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance or interval between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheelbase" + ], + "it": [ + "interasse", + "passo di un veicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance from the center of a car's front wheel to the rear axle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution", + "dispersion" + ], + "it": [ + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial or geographic property of being scattered about over a range, area, or volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complementary distribution", + "complementation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a distribution of related speech sounds or forms in such a way that they only appear in different contexts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaspora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dispersion or spreading of something that was originally localized (as a people or language or culture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissemination", + "diffusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being diffused or dispersed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innervation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of nerve fibers to an organ or body region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter", + "spread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a haphazard distribution in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffuseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of being spread out over a wide area or through a large volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration", + "density", + "denseness", + "tightness", + "compactness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spatial property of being crowded together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bits per inch", + "bpi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of how densely information is packed on a storage medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux density", + "flux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the number of changes in energy flow across a given surface per unit area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical density", + "transmission density", + "photographic density", + "absorbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a measure of the extent to which a substance transmits light or other electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarity", + "tenuity", + "low density" + ], + "it": [ + "tenuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rarified quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative density" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ratio of the density of something to the density of a standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interval", + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance between things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearance" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza", + "spazio libero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance by which one thing clears another; the space between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degree of figurative distance or separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnitude" + ], + "it": [ + "grandezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of relative size or extent (whether large or small)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute magnitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the magnitude that a star would have if it were viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs (32.62 light years) from the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion", + "dimension" + ], + "it": [ + "dimensione", + "proporzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnitude or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "order of magnitude" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine di grandezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree in a continuum of size or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information", + "selective information", + "entropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probability", + "chance" + ], + "it": [ + "probabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditional probability", + "contingent probability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the probability that an event will occur given that one or more other events have occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the probability that a particular interaction (as capture or ionization) will take place between particles; measured in barns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exceedance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the probability that an earthquake will generate a level of ground motion that exceeds a specified reference level during a given exposure time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair chance", + "sporting chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reasonable probability of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat chance", + "slim chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "little or no chance of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint probability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the probability of two events occurring together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risk", + "risk of exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risk", + "risk of infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magnitude of something in a particular direction (especially length or width or height)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree", + "grade", + "level" + ], + "it": [ + "grado", + "livello", + "misura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grade of particle fineness to which a substance is ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree" + ], + "it": [ + "grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth" + ], + "it": [ + "profondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degree of psychological or intellectual profundity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profundity", + "profoundness" + ], + "it": [ + "profondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intellectual depth; penetrating knowledge; keen insight; etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficiality", + "shallowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of depth of knowledge or thought or feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glibness", + "slickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of fluent easy superficiality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sciolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretentious superficiality of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ], + "it": [ + "misura", + "taglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property resulting from being one of a series of graduated measurements (as of clothing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extra large" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for a very large person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for a large person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clothing measurement" + ], + "it": [ + "indicazione numerica usata per distinguere il modello o la misura di una merce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octavo", + "eightvo", + "8vo" + ], + "it": [ + "ottavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the size of a book whose pages are made by folding a sheet of paper three times to form eight leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusual garment size (especially one that is very large)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for short or slender women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarto", + "4to" + ], + "it": [ + "quarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the size of a book whose pages are made by folding a sheet of paper twice to form four leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for persons of average height and weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for a small person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for a large or heavy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garment size for a tall person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high degree (of amount or force etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high" + ], + "it": [ + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lofty level or position or degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low level or position or degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low or small degree of any quality (amount or force or temperature etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extreme" + ], + "it": [ + "eccesso", + "estremo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the furthest or highest degree of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being extreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greatness of magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplitude level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the level on a scale of amplitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amplitude level of the desired signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise level", + "background level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amplitude level of the undesired background noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being multiple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being triple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ], + "it": [ + "dimensioni", + "grandezza", + "grossezza", + "dimensione", + "misura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ], + "it": [ + "grandezza", + "grossezza", + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulk", + "mass", + "volume" + ], + "it": [ + "mole", + "massa", + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something that is great in magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muchness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greatness of quantity or measure or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensity", + "strength", + "intensity level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intensity level that is just barely perceptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field strength", + "field intensity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vector sum of all the forces exerted by an electrical or magnetic field (on a unit mass or unit charge or unit magnetic pole) at a given point in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic field strength", + "magnetic intensity", + "magnetic induction", + "magnetic flux density" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of magnetic flux in a unit area perpendicular to the direction of magnetic flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlepower", + "light intensity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luminous intensity measured in candelas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic power", + "sound pressure level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical intensity of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic radiation pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(acoustics) the pressure exerted on a surface normal to the direction of propagation of a sound wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-intensity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half the maximum intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumference", + "perimeter" + ], + "it": [ + "perimetro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the size of something as given by the distance around it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girth" + ], + "it": [ + "circonferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance around a person's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expansion of a person's girth (especially at middle age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumference" + ], + "it": [ + "circonferenza", + "circuito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of the closed curve of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diameter", + "diam" + ], + "it": [ + "diametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius", + "r" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semidiameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apparent radius of a celestial body when viewed as a disc from the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvature" + ], + "it": [ + "curvatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of change (at a point) of the angle between a curve and a tangent to the curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius of curvature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the radius of the circle of curvature; the absolute value of the reciprocal of the curvature of a curve at a given point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center of curvature", + "centre of curvature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of the circle of curvature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle of curvature", + "osculating circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circle that touches a curve (on the concave side) and whose radius is the radius of curvature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickness" + ], + "it": [ + "grossezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore", + "gauge", + "caliber", + "calibre" + ], + "it": [ + "alesaggio", + "calibro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diameter of a tube or gun barrel" + ], + "it": [ + "diametro di un tubo o della canna di una pistola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thickness of wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between the projectile of a smoothbore gun and the surface of the bore of the gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinness", + "tenuity", + "slenderness" + ], + "it": [ + "esilità", + "sottigliezza", + "tenuità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largeness", + "bigness" + ], + "it": [ + "grandezza", + "grossezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a relatively great size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of impressive largeness in size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulkiness", + "massiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unwieldy largeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enormousness", + "grandness", + "greatness", + "immenseness", + "immensity", + "sizeableness", + "vastness", + "wideness" + ], + "it": [ + "amplitudine", + "enormità", + "estensione", + "grandezza", + "immensità", + "vastità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusual largeness in size or extent or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enormity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vastness of size or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capaciousness", + "roominess", + "spaciousness", + "commodiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ampiezza", + "spaziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spatial largeness and extensiveness (especially inside a building)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of something spacious and abounding in fresh air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seating capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of people that can be seated in a vehicle or auditorium or stadium etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullness", + "voluminosity", + "voluminousness" + ], + "it": [ + "ampiezza", + "voluminosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greatness of volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigantism", + "giantism" + ], + "it": [ + "gigantismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive largeness of stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largeness", + "extensiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large or extensive in breadth or importance or comprehensiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallness", + "littleness" + ], + "it": [ + "minutezza", + "piccolezza", + "bassa statura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having a relatively small size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diminutiveness", + "minuteness", + "petiteness", + "tininess", + "weeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being very small in size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delicacy", + "slightness" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallness of stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest possible unit of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puniness", + "runtiness", + "stuntedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallness of stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarfishness" + ], + "it": [ + "microsomia", + "nanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallness of stature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amount" + ], + "it": [ + "dose", + "quantità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positivity", + "positiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount greater than zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negativity", + "negativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount less than zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critical mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minimum amount (of something) required to start or maintain a venture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantity" + ], + "it": [ + "quantità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adequate or large amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase", + "increment" + ], + "it": [ + "aggravio", + "aumento", + "crescita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which something increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplification", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of increase in signal power or voltage or current expressed as the ratio of output to input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement", + "accompaniment" + ], + "it": [ + "complemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to complete or embellish or make perfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "decrement" + ], + "it": [ + "decremento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which something decreases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare increase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in the sum charged for riding in a public conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price increase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "rise", + "wage hike", + "hike", + "wage increase", + "salary increase" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount a salary is increased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "boost", + "hike", + "cost increase" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento", + "maggiorazione", + "soprapprezzo", + "sovrapprezzo", + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being a relatively small amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplement", + "supplementation" + ], + "it": [ + "supplemento", + "integrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity added (e.g. to make up for a deficiency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax-increase", + "tax boost", + "tax hike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which taxes are increased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "up-tick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop gain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) the gain of a feedback amplifier or system as a function of how much output is fed back to the input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop in stock market activity or stock prices following a period of increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltage drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in voltage along a conductor through which current is flowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "dip", + "fall", + "free fall" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassamento", + "calo", + "discesa", + "flessione", + "ribassamento", + "ribasso", + "riduzione", + "rinvilio", + "sbasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden sharp decrease in some quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrinkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which something shrinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar volume", + "turnover" + ], + "it": [ + "giro d'affari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the volume measured in dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffiness", + "closeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being close and poorly ventilated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sufficiency", + "adequacy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "quantità sufficiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sufficient for the end in view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being more than sufficient; comfortable sufficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufficiency", + "inadequacy", + "deficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "deficienza", + "insufficienza", + "pochezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of an adequate quantity or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meagerness", + "meagreness", + "leanness", + "poorness", + "scantiness", + "scantness", + "exiguity" + ], + "it": [ + "esiguità", + "insufficienza", + "limitatezza", + "magrezza", + "meschinità", + "minimezza", + "pocanza", + "povertà", + "sparutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being meager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wateriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meagerness or poorness connoted by a superfluity of water (in a literary style as well as in a food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstemiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restricted to bare necessities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deficit", + "shortage", + "shortfall" + ], + "it": [ + "deficienza", + "deficit", + "disavanzo", + "spareggio", + "carenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required" + ], + "it": [ + "la differenza tra le entrate e le spese, quando queste superano quelle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygen deficit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary oxygen shortage in cells resulting from strenuous exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparseness", + "spareness", + "sparsity", + "thinness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being scanty or scattered; lacking denseness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abundance", + "copiousness", + "teemingness" + ], + "it": [ + "abbondanza", + "cuccagna", + "dovizia", + "ricchezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplitude", + "bountifulness", + "bounty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of copious abundance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plenty", + "plentifulness", + "plenteousness", + "plenitude", + "plentitude" + ], + "it": [ + "abbondanza", + "dovizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profusion", + "profuseness", + "richness", + "cornucopia" + ], + "it": [ + "abbondanza", + "profusione", + "prosperità", + "ricchezza", + "grande abbondanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being extremely abundant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wealth" + ], + "it": [ + "lusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of profuse abundance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxuriance", + "lushness", + "voluptuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "rigoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being lush and abundant and a pleasure to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgrowth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a profusion of growth on or over something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenness", + "verdancy", + "verdure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lush appearance of flourishing vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bewildering profusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarcity", + "scarceness" + ], + "it": [ + "carenza", + "carestia", + "difalta", + "diffalta", + "esiguità", + "magrezza", + "mediocrità", + "miseria", + "radezza", + "ristrettezza", + "scarsezza", + "scarsità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small and inadequate amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dearth", + "paucity" + ], + "it": [ + "carenza", + "carestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insufficient quantity or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarity", + "rareness", + "infrequency" + ], + "it": [ + "rarità", + "singolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noteworthy scarcity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slenderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being slight or inadequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderation", + "moderateness" + ], + "it": [ + "discrezione", + "equilibrio", + "misura", + "misuratezza", + "moderatezza", + "moderazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being moderate and avoiding extremes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden mean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle between extremes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasonableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderation in expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immoderation", + "immoderateness" + ], + "it": [ + "eccesso", + "immoderatezza", + "smoderatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being excessive and lacking in moderation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excess", + "excessiveness", + "inordinateness" + ], + "it": [ + "dismisura", + "eccesso", + "esagerazione", + "estremo", + "oltranza", + "smisuratezza", + "smodatezza", + "smoderatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun protection factor", + "SPF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree to which a sunscreen protects the skin from the direct rays of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravagance", + "extravagancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of exceeding the appropriate limits of decorum or probability or truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exorbitance", + "outrageousness" + ], + "it": [ + "esorbitanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxury" + ], + "it": [ + "lusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overabundance", + "overmuch", + "overmuchness", + "superabundance" + ], + "it": [ + "esuberanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is more than what is appropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excess", + "surplus", + "surplusage", + "nimiety" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzo", + "eccedente", + "eccedenza", + "eccesso", + "soprappiù", + "sopravanzo", + "sopreccedente", + "sovrappiù", + "sovreccedente", + "superfluo", + "supero", + "surplus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity much larger than is needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glut", + "oversupply", + "surfeit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being so overabundant that prices fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellyful" + ], + "it": [ + "sbafata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undesirable overabundance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overplus", + "plethora", + "superfluity", + "embarrassment" + ], + "it": [ + "pletora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redundancy", + "redundance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth wheel", + "deadwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone or something that is unwanted and unneeded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount beyond the minimum necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin of safety", + "safety margin", + "margin of error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the margin required in order to insure safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow margin", + "narrowness", + "slimness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number", + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals" + ], + "it": [ + "quantità non ben determinata di cose o persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerousness", + "numerosity", + "multiplicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preponderance", + "prevalence" + ], + "it": [ + "preponderanza", + "prevalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superiority in numbers or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multitudinousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large number (especially of people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innumerableness", + "countlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number beyond counting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority", + "bulk" + ], + "it": [ + "generalità", + "maggioranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte preminente, per numero, di cose o persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minority" + ], + "it": [ + "minoranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fewness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being small in number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being round numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extent" + ], + "it": [ + "estensione", + "misura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance or area or volume over which something extends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coverage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent to which something is covered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent of land abutting on a street or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit", + "bound", + "boundary" + ], + "it": [ + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest possible degree of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife-edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starkness", + "absoluteness", + "utterness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being complete or utter or extreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal barrier", + "heat barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limit to high speed flight imposed by aerodynamic heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utmost", + "uttermost", + "maximum", + "level best" + ], + "it": [ + "massimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the greatest possible degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verge", + "brink" + ], + "it": [ + "orlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limit beyond which something happens or changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scope", + "range", + "reach", + "orbit", + "compass", + "ambit" + ], + "it": [ + "ambito", + "campo", + "raggio d'azione", + "gamma", + "orbita", + "portata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approximate range", + "ballpark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "near to the scope or range of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bounded scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range of optical density and tone on a photographic negative or print (or the extent to which adjacent areas on a television screen differ in brightness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationality", + "internationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality of being international in scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "registro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the timbre that is characteristic of a certain range and manner of production of the human voice or of different pipe organ stops or of different musical instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head register", + "head voice", + "head tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the higher ranges of the voice in speaking or singing; the vibrations of sung notes are felt in the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsetto" + ], + "it": [ + "falsetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male singing voice with artificially high tones in an upper register" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest register", + "chest voice", + "chest tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower ranges of the voice in speaking or singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scope for freedom of e.g. action or thought; freedom from restriction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizon", + "view", + "purview" + ], + "it": [ + "orizzonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range of interest or activity that can be anticipated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep", + "expanse" + ], + "it": [ + "distesa", + "estensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete extent or range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad range of related objects or values or qualities or ideas or activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palette", + "pallet" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolozza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range of colour characteristic of a particular artist or painting or school of art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area", + "expanse", + "surface area" + ], + "it": [ + "area", + "superfice", + "superficie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acreage", + "land area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of ground used for some particular purpose (such as building or farming)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area taken up by some object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "length" + ], + "it": [ + "lunghezza", + "lungo", + "metratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance", + "length" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "size of the gap between two places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm's length" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distance sufficient to exclude intimacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance measured in terms of the speed of light (or radio waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skip distance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shortest distance that permits radio signals (of a given frequency) to travel from the transmitter to the receiver by reflection from the ionosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingspan", + "wingspread" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura alare", + "apertura d'ali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linear distance between the extremities of an airfoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingspread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance between the tips of the wings (as of a bird or insect) when fully extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance measured in the aggregate number of yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour", + "minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance measured by the time taken to cover it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mileage", + "milage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance measured in miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevation" + ], + "it": [ + "elevatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distance of something above a reference point (such as sea level)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of elevation above sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altitude", + "height" + ], + "it": [ + "altitudine", + "quota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza di un luogo rispetto al livello del mare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "height above ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade", + "ground level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the height of the ground on which something stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water level" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza", + "livello delle acque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the level of the surface of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea level" + ], + "it": [ + "livello del mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "level of the ocean's surface (especially that halfway between mean high and low tide); used as a standard in reckoning land elevation or sea depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceiling" + ], + "it": [ + "tangenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) altitude of the lowest layer of clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceiling" + ], + "it": [ + "tangenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maximum altitude at which a plane can fly (under specified conditions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute ceiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum altitude at which an airplane can maintain horizontal flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat ceiling", + "service ceiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "altitude above which a plane cannot climb faster than a given rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "length" + ], + "it": [ + "lunghezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being the extent of something from beginning to end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being of long spatial extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension", + "lengthiness", + "prolongation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount or degree or range to which something extends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coextension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equality of extension or duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elongation" + ], + "it": [ + "allungatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being elongated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being of short spatial extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtailment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal property of being cut short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal property of being very short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute or quality of being deep, strong, or intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth", + "deepness" + ], + "it": [ + "profondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent downward or backward or inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepness", + "profundity", + "profoundness" + ], + "it": [ + "profondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being physically deep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draught" + ], + "it": [ + "pescaggio", + "pescagione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the depth to which something penetrates (especially the depth reached by a projectile that hits a target)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of the depth of water taken with a sounding line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottomlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being very deep; without limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking physical depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shallowness in terms of affecting only surface layers of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "width", + "breadth" + ], + "it": [ + "ampiezza", + "apertura", + "larghezza", + "spaziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extent of something from side to side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wideness", + "broadness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being wide; having great width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) breadth amidships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickness", + "heaviness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used of a line or mark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowness" + ], + "it": [ + "angustia", + "strettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being narrow; having little width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fineness", + "thinness" + ], + "it": [ + "finezza", + "sottigliezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being very narrow or thin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "height", + "tallness" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highness", + "loftiness" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza", + "elevatezza", + "eminenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being high or lofty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being low; lacking height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squatness", + "stubbiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being short and broad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortness", + "truncation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being truncated or short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third dimension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dimension whereby a solid object differs from a two-dimensional drawing of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worth" + ], + "it": [ + "merito", + "pregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality that renders something desirable or valuable or useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merit", + "virtue" + ], + "it": [ + "benemerenza", + "merito", + "pregio", + "valore", + "virtù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any admirable quality or attribute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demerit", + "fault" + ], + "it": [ + "pecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being inadequate or falling short of perfection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praisworthiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of deserving praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worthwhileness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "value sufficient to repay time or effort spent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worthlessness", + "ineptitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having no qualities that would render it valuable or useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecklessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthlessness due to being feeble and ineffectual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i63999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundlessness", + "idleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking substance or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paltriness", + "sorriness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthlessness due to insignificance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valuelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having none of the properties that endow something with value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoddiness", + "trashiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being cheaply imitative of something better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damn", + "darn", + "hoot", + "red cent", + "shit", + "shucks", + "tinker's damn", + "tinker's dam" + ], + "it": [ + "cacata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something of little value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanity", + "emptiness" + ], + "it": [ + "vanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being valueless or futile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invaluableness", + "preciousness", + "pricelessness", + "valuableness" + ], + "it": [ + "preziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the positive quality of being precious and beyond value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something likened to the metal in brightness or preciousness or superiority etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the high value or worth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desirability", + "desirableness" + ], + "it": [ + "appetibilità", + "desiderabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being worthy of desiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undesirability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that should be avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good", + "goodness" + ], + "it": [ + "bene", + "buono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is pleasing or valuable or useful" + ], + "it": [ + "tutto quanto si possa percepire come moralmente positivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit", + "welfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that aids or promotes well-being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advantage", + "reward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benefit resulting from some event or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sake", + "interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reason for wanting something done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behalf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for someone's benefit (usually expressed as `in behalf' rather than `on behalf' and usually with a possessive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something superior in quality or condition or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superior one of two alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimum" + ], + "it": [ + "optimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most favorable conditions or greatest degree or amount possible under given circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad", + "badness" + ], + "it": [ + "cattiveria", + "male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is below standard or expectations as of ethics or decency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something inferior in quality or condition or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evil" + ], + "it": [ + "male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which causes harm or destruction or misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Four Horsemen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the four evils that will come at the end of the world: conquest rides a white horse; war a red horse; famine a black horse; plague a pale horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetary value", + "price", + "cost" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzo", + "valore monetario", + "costo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total cost for all units bought (or produced) divided by the number of units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginal cost", + "incremental cost", + "differential cost" + ], + "it": [ + "costo marginale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the increase or decrease in costs as a result of one more or one less unit of output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expensiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being high-priced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assessment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the market value set on assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax assessment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value set on taxable property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costliness", + "dearness", + "preciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "alto costo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something with a great price or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavishness", + "luxury", + "sumptuosity", + "sumptuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "splendidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that is excessively expensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inexpensiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "economicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being affordable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasonableness", + "moderateness", + "modestness" + ], + "it": [ + "modicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being moderate in price or expenditures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargain rate", + "cheapness", + "cut rate", + "cut price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a price below the standard price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitfulness", + "fecundity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of something that causes or assists healthy growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "richness", + "rankness", + "prolificacy", + "fertility" + ], + "it": [ + "feracità", + "grassezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of producing abundantly and sustaining vigorous and luxuriant growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "productiveness", + "productivity" + ], + "it": [ + "fecondità", + "produttività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being productive or having the power to produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitlessness", + "aridity", + "barrenness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of yielding nothing of value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poorness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "less than adequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unproductiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "improduttività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking the power to produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility", + "usefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "utilità", + "vantaggiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being of practical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detergency", + "detergence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detergent quality; the quality of having cleansing power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function", + "purpose", + "role", + "use" + ], + "it": [ + "fine", + "funzione", + "impiego", + "ruolo", + "scopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what something is used for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raison d'etre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purpose that justifies a thing's existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helpfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of providing useful assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avail", + "help", + "service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of serving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use" + ], + "it": [ + "uso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serviceability", + "serviceableness", + "usableness", + "useableness", + "usability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being able to provide good service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being instrumental for some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inutility", + "uselessness", + "unusefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having no practical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futility" + ], + "it": [ + "futilità", + "inanità", + "inutilità", + "vanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uselessness as a consequence of having no practical result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worthlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being without practical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practicality" + ], + "it": [ + "praticità", + "aspetto pratico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concerned with actual use rather than theoretical possibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capable of serving a purpose well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capable of being done in a practical and useful way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensibleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of showing good sense or practical judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realism", + "pragmatism" + ], + "it": [ + "realismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practicability", + "practicableness" + ], + "it": [ + "agibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being usable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feasibility", + "feasibleness" + ], + "it": [ + "agevolezza", + "attuabilità", + "eseguibilità", + "fattibilità", + "producibilità", + "realizzabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being doable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impracticality" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "poca praticità", + "mancanza di praticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concerned with theoretical possibilities rather than actual use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impracticality by virtue of thinking of things in their ideal form rather than as they really are" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impractical romantic ideals and attitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight errantry", + "quixotism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quixotic (romantic and impractical) behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impracticability", + "impracticableness" + ], + "it": [ + "impraticabilità", + "irraggiungibilità", + "irrealizzabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being usable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infeasibility", + "unfeasibility" + ], + "it": [ + "ineffettuabilità", + "irrealizzabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being doable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "competence", + "competency" + ], + "it": [ + "competenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitness" + ], + "it": [ + "idoneità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being qualified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic competence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a speaker's implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language (contrasted with linguistic performance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having great facility and competence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompetence", + "incompetency" + ], + "it": [ + "incapacità", + "incompetenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of physical or intellectual ability or qualifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asset", + "plus" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "elemento prezioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a useful or valuable quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resource" + ], + "it": [ + "risorsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aid", + "assistance", + "help" + ], + "it": [ + "assistenza", + "ausilio", + "risorsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resource" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recourse", + "refuge", + "resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone turned to for assistance or security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuge from danger or observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resourcefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being able to cope with a difficult situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inner resource" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resource provided by the mind or one's personal capabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advantage", + "vantage" + ], + "it": [ + "tornaconto", + "vantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a superior or more favorable position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advantage to the benefit of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leverage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strategic advantage; power to act effectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargaining chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leverage in the form of an inducement or a concession useful in successful negotiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicap" + ], + "it": [ + "abbuono", + "handicap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homecourt advantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advantage of playing on your home court in front of fans who are rooting for you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "vantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advantage held by a competitor in a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "clout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special advantage or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "head start" + ], + "it": [ + "vantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advantage gained by beginning early (as in a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "convenienza", + "guadagno", + "interesse", + "profitto", + "provento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advantageous quality of being beneficial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of taking advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profitableness", + "profitability", + "gainfulness", + "lucrativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "redditività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of affording gain or benefit or profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant of favor or advantage to one over another (especially to a country or countries in matters of international trade, such as levying duties)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privilege" + ], + "it": [ + "onore", + "privilegio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedience", + "expediency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being suited to the end in view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superiority", + "favorable position", + "favourable position" + ], + "it": [ + "superiorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being at a competitive advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight competitive advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorable position in a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper hand", + "whip hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position of advantage and control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forte", + "strong suit", + "long suit", + "metier", + "specialty", + "speciality", + "strong point", + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "forte", + "specialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asset of special worth or utility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green thumb", + "green fingers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special ability to make plants grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weak point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto debole", + "tallone d'achille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attribute that is inadequate or deficient" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto sotto il quale si è particolarmente vulnerabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good" + ], + "it": [ + "bene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "benefit" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione vantaggiosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common good", + "commonweal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the good of a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisdom", + "wiseness", + "soundness" + ], + "it": [ + "saggezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being prudent and sensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsoundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not mentally or physically healthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advisability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being advisable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasonableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goodness of reason and judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favorableness", + "favourableness", + "advantageousness", + "positivity", + "positiveness", + "profitableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being encouraging or promising of a successful outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auspiciousness", + "propitiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the favorable quality of strongly indicating a successful result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being something that holds you back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disadvantage" + ], + "it": [ + "disfavore", + "sfavore", + "svantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfavorableness", + "unfavourableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being encouraging or indicative of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inauspiciousness", + "unpropitiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of suggesting an unsuccessful result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limitation" + ], + "it": [ + "limitazione", + "restrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being limited or restricted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defect", + "shortcoming" + ], + "it": [ + "difetto", + "mancanza", + "manchevolezza", + "neo", + "taccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failing or deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awkwardness", + "nuisance value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of an embarrassing situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss", + "deprivation" + ], + "it": [ + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disadvantage that results from losing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penalty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a handicap of zero strokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game misconduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) a penalty that suspends a player for the remainder of a game (but allows the team to send in a substitute for the suspended player)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price", + "cost", + "toll" + ], + "it": [ + "costo", + "prezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "richness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having high intrinsic value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death toll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of deaths resulting from some particular cause such as an accident or a battle or a natural disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawback" + ], + "it": [ + "inconveniente", + "incoveniente", + "svantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being a hindrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "gimmick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penalty" + ], + "it": [ + "fio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inadvisability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ill-advised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferiority", + "unfavorable position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being a competitive disadvantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inexpedience", + "inexpediency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unsuited to the end in view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unprofitableness", + "unprofitability" + ], + "it": [ + "infruttuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of affording no gain or no benefit or no profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of serving to build or improve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destructiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carattere distruttivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of causing destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmfulness", + "injuriousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destructiveness that causes harm or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insidiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subtle and cumulative harmfulness (especially of a disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that harms or destroys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virulence", + "virulency" + ], + "it": [ + "virulenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme harmfulness (as the capacity of a microorganism to cause disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positivity", + "positiveness", + "positivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality or state characterized by certainty or acceptance or affirmation and dogmatic assertiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agreeable quality of one who assents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assertiveness", + "self-assertiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "assertività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aggressive self-assurance; given to making bold assertions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumptiousness", + "cockiness", + "pushiness", + "forwardness" + ], + "it": [ + "baldanza", + "sfrontatezza", + "spavalderia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive boldness and assertiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negativity", + "negativeness", + "negativism" + ], + "it": [ + "negativismo", + "negatività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characterized by habitual skepticism and a disagreeable tendency to deny or oppose or resist suggestions or commands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occidentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or customs or mannerisms characteristic of Western civilizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality or customs or mannerisms characteristic of Asian civilizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importance" + ], + "it": [ + "importanza", + "rilevanza", + "salienza", + "significato", + "sostanziosità", + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being important and worthy of note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything of great importance or consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "status in the eyes of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "importance or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(used with negation) having consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "momentousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utmost importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prominence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relative importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greatness", + "illustriousness" + ], + "it": [ + "grandezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property possessed by something or someone of outstanding importance or eminence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "significance" + ], + "it": [ + "significato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being significant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historicalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "significance owing to its history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meaningfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "pregnanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having great value or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purposefulness", + "sense of purpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having a definite purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consequence", + "import", + "moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having important effects or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hell to pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dire consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essentiality", + "essentialness" + ], + "it": [ + "essenzialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basic importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being essential to maintain life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indispensability", + "indispensableness", + "vitalness" + ], + "it": [ + "indispensabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that you cannot possibly do without" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urgency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pressing importance requiring speedy action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge", + "sharpness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of urgency in tone of voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperativeness", + "instancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being insistent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight", + "weightiness" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative importance granted to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unimportance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being important or worthy of note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inessentiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not of basic importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispensability", + "dispensableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality possessed by something that you can get along without" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pettiness", + "triviality", + "slightness", + "puniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unimportant and petty or frivolous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triviality not to be taken seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insignificance" + ], + "it": [ + "insignificanza", + "irrilevanza", + "residualità", + "trascurabilità", + "scarsa importanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having little or no significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meaninglessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of having no value or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inanity", + "senselessness", + "mindlessness", + "vacuity", + "pointlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "insulsaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total lack of meaning or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purposelessness", + "aimlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking any definite purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inconsequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having no important effects or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to obtain or make use of or take advantage of something (as services or membership)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advowson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right in English law of presenting a nominee to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabotage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exclusive right of a country to control the air traffic within its borders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim", + "title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal right to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "due" + ], + "it": [ + "dovuto", + "spettante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is deserved or owed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entree", + "access", + "accession", + "admission", + "admittance" + ], + "it": [ + "accesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to enter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parliamentary right to address an assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right or privilege that has been granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority", + "authorization", + "authorisation", + "sanction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official permission or approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human right" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto umano", + "diritto dell'uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) any basic right or freedom to which all human beings are entitled and in whose exercise a government may not interfere (including rights to life and liberty as well as freedom of thought and expression and equality before the law)" + ], + "it": [ + "ogni diritto che sia fondamentale per ciascun appartenente al genere umano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right based in law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsory process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a defendant to have a court use its subpoena power to compel the appearance of material witnesses before the court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugal right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of married persons to the enjoyment of association and sympathy and confidence and domestic happiness and the comfort of living together and eating meals at the same table and profiting from joint property right and the intimacies of domestic relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugal visitation right", + "conjugal visitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right in a prison for the inmate and spouse to have sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemption", + "pre-emption" + ], + "it": [ + "prelazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to purchase something in advance of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemption", + "pre-emption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a government to seize or appropriate something (as property)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prerogative", + "privilege", + "perquisite", + "exclusive right" + ], + "it": [ + "appannaggio", + "esclusiva", + "prerogativa", + "privilegio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public easement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any easement enjoyed by the public in general (as the public's right to use public streets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the privilege of using something that is not your own (as using another's land as a right of way to your own land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privilege of the floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to be admitted onto the floor of a legislative assembly while it is in session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attorney-client privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge confidential information from his client" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informer's privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of the government to refuse to reveal the identity of an informer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journalist's privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a journalist to refuse to divulge sources of confidential information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marital communications privilege", + "husband-wife privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neither spouse can divulge confidential communications from the other while they were married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physician-patient privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a physician to refuse to divulge confidential information from a patient without the consent of the patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priest-penitent privilege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a clergyman to refuse to divulge confidential information received from a person during confession or similar exchanges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "door" + ], + "it": [ + "porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything providing a means of access (or escape)" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che costituisce un mezzo di passaggio per raggiungere uno scopo, una meta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom of access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title", + "claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an established or recognized right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "own right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "by title vested in yourself or by virtue of qualifications that you have achieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entitlement" + ], + "it": [ + "titolarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right granted by law or contract (especially a right to benefits)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to privacy" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto alla privacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right to be free of unsanctioned intrusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to life" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto alla vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to live" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto di vivere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto alla libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to be free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to the pursuit of happiness" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto alla felicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to try to find happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of thought" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di pensiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to hold unpopular ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equality before the law" + ], + "it": [ + "uguaglianza davanti alla legge", + "uguaglianza di fronte alla legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to equal protection of the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil right" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of Congress including the right to legal and social and economic equality" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto rivendicabile in quanto si appartiene a una comunità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil liberty" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fundamental individual right protected by law and expressed as immunity from unwarranted governmental interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habeas corpus" + ], + "it": [ + "habeas corpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civil right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as protection against illegal imprisonment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of religion" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di religione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the First Amendment to the US Constitution" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di professare la propria religione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of speech" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di parola", + "libertà di espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the First Amendment to the US Constitution" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di esprimere le proprie opinioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of the press" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the First Amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom of assembly" + ], + "it": [ + "libertà di riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to peaceably assemble and to petition the government for redress of grievances; guaranteed by the First Amendment to the US Constitution" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto di riunirsi liberamente, senza necessità di autorizzazione preventiva, per qualsiasi motivo (politico, sindacale, religioso, cultur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom to bear arms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the 2nd amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from search and seizure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the 4th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to due process" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto a un giusto processo", + "diritto al giusto processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution; reaffirmed by the Fourteenth Amendment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from self-incrimination", + "privilege against self incrimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civil right (guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution) to refuse to answer questions or otherwise give testimony against yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from double jeopardy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to speedy and public trial by jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to an attorney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to confront accusors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from cruel and unusual punishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the 8th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from involuntary servitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil right guaranteed by the 13th amendment to the US Constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal protection of the laws" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a right guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution and by the due-process clause of the Fifth Amendment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right to vote", + "vote", + "suffrage" + ], + "it": [ + "suffragio", + "diritto di voto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal suffrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffrage for all adults who are not disqualified by the laws of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom from discrimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunity from discrimination on the basis of race or sex or nationality or religion or age; guaranteed by federal laws of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal opportunity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to equivalent opportunities for employment regardless of race or color or sex or national origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eminent domain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of the state to take private property for public use; the Fifth Amendment that was added to the Constitution of the United States requires that just compensation be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franchise", + "enfranchisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statutory right or privilege granted to a person or group by a government (especially the rights of citizenship and the right to vote)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of being represented by delegates who have a voice in some legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right to sue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of a belligerent to stop neutral ships on the high seas in wartime and search them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right of one vehicle or vessel to take precedence over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "states' rights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rights conceded to the states by the United States constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right to vote; especially the right of a common shareholder to vote in person or by proxy on the affairs of a company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water right", + "riparian right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right of access to water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right granted by a patent; especially the exclusive right to an invention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in probate law: the legal right of a surviving spouse to elect to take either what the deceased spouse gave under the will or the share of the estate as set forth by statute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right to take possession of real estate in a peaceable manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of re-entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right to resume possession (a right that was reserved when a former possession was parted with)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(banking) the legal right of a bank to seize deposited funds to cover a loan that is in default" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of privacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal right (not explicitly provided in the United States Constitution) to be left alone; the right to live life free from unwarranted publicity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right of way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the privilege of someone to pass over land belonging to someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use", + "enjoyment" + ], + "it": [ + "godimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usufruct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal right to use and derive profit from property belonging to someone else provided that the property itself is not injured in any way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visitation right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right granted by a court to a parent (or other relative) who is deprived of custody of a child to visit the child on a regular basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power", + "powerfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "potenza", + "forza", + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possession of controlling influence" + ], + "it": [ + "qualità di influenzare le decisioni altrui" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preponderance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superiority in power or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puissance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power to influence or coerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persuasiveness", + "strength" + ], + "it": [ + "persuasiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to induce the taking of a course of action or the embracing of a point of view by means of argument or entreaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convincingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of argument or evidence to cause belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irresistibility", + "irresistibleness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being overpowering and impossible to resist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest", + "interestingness" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsworthiness", + "news" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribute of being of interest at the present time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "vividness" + ], + "it": [ + "colorito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interest and variety and intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrillness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being sharp or harsh to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stranglehold", + "chokehold", + "throttlehold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete power over a person or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sway" + ], + "it": [ + "influenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "controlling influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence" + ], + "it": [ + "influenza", + "potenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead hand", + "dead hand of the past", + "mortmain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oppressive influence of past events or decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful effect or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grip", + "grasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intellectual hold or understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tentacle" + ], + "it": [ + "tentacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that acts like a tentacle in its ability to grasp and hold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure" + ], + "it": [ + "pressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a force that compels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duress" + ], + "it": [ + "costrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compulsory force or threat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animating or vital unifying force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeblood" + ], + "it": [ + "linfa vitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential or life-giving force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forces that provide energy and direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repellent", + "repellant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to repel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrophobicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being water-repellent; tending to repel and not absorb water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power to direct or determine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority", + "authorization", + "authorisation", + "potency", + "dominance", + "say-so" + ], + "it": [ + "autorevolezza", + "balia", + "potestà", + "autorizzazione", + "autorità", + "facoltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power or right to give orders or make decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control of a state or organization by large interest groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power by which something or someone is affected or dominated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron fist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rigorous or ruthless control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rein" + ], + "it": [ + "redine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any means of control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carte blanche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete freedom or authority to act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ], + "it": [ + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power or authority to command" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione di esercitare un'autorità riconosciuta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supreme authority; absolute dominion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lordship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the authority of a lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovereignty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the authority of a state to govern another state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal power", + "jurisdiction" + ], + "it": [ + "cognizione", + "competenza", + "giurisdizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the right and power to interpret and apply the law" + ], + "it": [ + "misura dell`autorità di ciascun ufficio giudiziario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disposal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to use something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free will", + "discretion" + ], + "it": [ + "discrezione", + "libero arbitrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of making free choices unconstrained by external agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power or right to prohibit or reject a proposed or intended act (especially the power of a chief executive to reject a bill passed by the legislature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-determination" + ], + "it": [ + "autodecisione", + "autodeterminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determination of one's own fate or course of action without compulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effectiveness", + "effectivity", + "effectualness", + "effectuality" + ], + "it": [ + "bontà", + "efficacia", + "mordente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power to be effective; the quality of being able to bring about an effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incisiveness", + "trenchancy" + ], + "it": [ + "incisività", + "nervosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keenness and forcefulness of thought or expression or intellect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efficacy", + "efficaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "efficacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capacity or power to produce a desired effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ability" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "bravura", + "capacità", + "valentia", + "numeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment" + ], + "it": [ + "la qualità di essere capace di fare qualcosa", + "la qualità che permette o facilita il raggiungimento o la realizzazione di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ability to perform well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interoperability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the ability to exchange and use information (usually in a large heterogeneous network made up of several local area networks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magical ability", + "magical power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ability to perform magic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lycanthropy" + ], + "it": [ + "licantropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) the magical ability of a person to assume the characteristics of a wolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midas touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ability to make and manage large amounts of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to make way into or through something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical ability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to perform some physical act; contrasting with mental ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contractility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability or quality of shrinking or contracting, especially by muscle fibers and even some other forms of living matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astringency", + "stypsis" + ], + "it": [ + "astringenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to contract or draw together soft body tissues to check blood flow or restrict secretion of fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lung-power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to speak loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capability", + "capableness" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defensibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of being defended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability of being executed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà", + "potenzialità", + "capacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability to perform or produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military capability", + "military strength", + "strength", + "military posture", + "posture" + ], + "it": [ + "effettivo", + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capability in terms of personnel and materiel that affect the capacity to fight a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firepower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) the relative capacity for delivering fire on a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating capability", + "performance capability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of a technological system to perform as intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overkill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability to obliterate a target with more weapons (especially nuclear weapons) than are required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum operating capability of a system (especially an aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powerlessness", + "impotence", + "impotency" + ], + "it": [ + "impotenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking strength or power; being weak and feeble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helplessness", + "weakness", + "impuissance" + ], + "it": [ + "debolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerlessness revealed by an inability to act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpersuasiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to persuade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uninterestingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to capture or hold one's interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voicelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having no voice in the management or control of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dullness" + ], + "it": [ + "insulsaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of lacking interestingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boringness", + "dreariness", + "insipidness", + "insipidity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme dullness; lacking spirit or interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tediousness", + "tedium", + "tiresomeness" + ], + "it": [ + "stucchevolezza", + "tediosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dullness owing to length or slowness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something tedious and boring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunity", + "jejuneness", + "tameness", + "vapidity", + "vapidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being vapid and unsophisticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ponderousness", + "heaviness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressive quality that is laborious and solemn and lacks grace or fluency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inability", + "unfitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking the power to perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper tiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nature of a person or organization that appears powerful but is actually powerless and ineffectual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incapability", + "incapableness" + ], + "it": [ + "incapacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of not being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incapacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of physical or natural qualifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ineffectiveness", + "ineffectualness", + "ineffectuality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking the power to be effective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inefficacy", + "inefficaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "inefficacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of efficacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticism", + "romance" + ], + "it": [ + "romanticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exciting and mysterious quality (as of a heroic time or adventure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stardust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dreamy romantic or sentimental quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyticity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being analytic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compositeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being a composite number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being a prime number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selectivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property of being selective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domesticity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being domestic or domesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiniteness", + "infinitude", + "unboundedness", + "boundlessness", + "limitlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "incalcolabilità", + "infinitezza", + "infinità", + "innumerabilità", + "sconfinatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being infinite; without bound or limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finiteness", + "finitude", + "boundedness" + ], + "it": [ + "finitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being finite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantifiability", + "measurability" + ], + "it": [ + "misurabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being measurable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being capable of being rated or estimated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being scalable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solubility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being soluble and easily dissolved in liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insolubility" + ], + "it": [ + "insolubilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being insoluble and difficult to dissolve in liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unspecified qualities required to do or be something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comicality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being comical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot stuff", + "voluptuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being attractive and exciting (especially sexually exciting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humor", + "humour" + ], + "it": [ + "humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being funny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathos", + "poignancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quality that arouses emotions (especially pity or sorrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone" + ], + "it": [ + "tenore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of something (an act or a piece of writing) that reveals the attitudes and presuppositions of the author" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general disposition to expect the best in all things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pessimism" + ], + "it": [ + "pessimismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general disposition to look on the dark side and to expect the worst in all things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicurism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disposition and habits of an epicure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gourmandism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disposition and habits of a gourmand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachycephaly", + "brachycephalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being brachycephalic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolichocephaly", + "dolichocephalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being dolichocephalic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being relative and having significance only in relation to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "responsiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being responsive; reacting quickly; as a quality of people, it involves responding with emotion to people and events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unresponsiveness", + "deadness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being unresponsive; not reacting; as a quality of people, it is marked by a failure to respond quickly or with emotion to people or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frigidity", + "frigidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual unresponsiveness (especially of women) and inability to achieve orgasm during intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of unresponsiveness of a disease-causing microorganism to antibiotics or other drugs (as in penicillin-resistant bacteria)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjectivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being subjective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair use" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conditions under which you can use material that is copyrighted by someone else without paying royalties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoyment derived from use or possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property being vascular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to raise the working leg high in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snootiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being snooty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totipotency", + "totipotence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability of a cell to give rise to unlike cells and so to develop a new organism or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulteriority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being ulterior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvability", + "solubility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property (of a problem or difficulty) that makes it possible to solve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsolvability", + "insolubility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the property (of a problem or difficulty) that makes it impossible to solve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being worth remembering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodiness", + "woodsiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of abounding in trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being made of wax or covered with wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body", + "organic structure", + "physical structure" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic bodily form of a mature organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human body", + "physical body", + "material body", + "soma", + "build", + "figure", + "physique", + "anatomy", + "shape", + "bod", + "chassis", + "frame", + "form", + "flesh" + ], + "it": [ + "carne", + "figura", + "sagoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative names for the body of a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human body (usually including the clothing)" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto fisico di un individuo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body", + "dead body" + ], + "it": [ + "cadavere", + "corpo", + "morto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadaver", + "corpse", + "stiff", + "clay", + "remains" + ], + "it": [ + "cadavere", + "corpo", + "morto", + "salma", + "spoglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dead body of a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cremains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remains of a dead body after cremation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummy" + ], + "it": [ + "mummia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body embalmed and dried and wrapped for burial (as in ancient Egypt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of a living animal or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparatus" + ], + "it": [ + "apparato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a group of body parts that work together to perform a given function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juvenile body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of a young person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child's body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of a human child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of an adult human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of a male human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of a female human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult female body", + "woman's body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of an adult woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult male body", + "man's body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of an adult man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body part" + ], + "it": [ + "parte del corpo", + "parte anatomica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi parte di un organismo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main part of an organ or other bodily structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adnexa", + "annexa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accessory or adjoining anatomical parts or appendages to an organ (especially of the embryo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area", + "region" + ], + "it": [ + "regione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle or nerve that dilates or widens a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groove", + "vallecula" + ], + "it": [ + "concavità", + "incavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any furrow or channel on a bodily structure or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a structure that separates areas in an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septum" + ], + "it": [ + "setto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a dividing partition between two tissues or cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal septum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partition of bone and cartilage between the nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costal groove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "groove between the ribs where the nerves and blood vessels are" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissure" + ], + "it": [ + "scissura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any of the narrow grooves in an organ or tissue especially those that mark the convolutions on the surface of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissure of Rolando", + "Rolando's fissure", + "central sulcus", + "sulcus centralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brain fissure extending upward on the lateral surface of both hemispheres; separates the frontal and parietal lobes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissure of Sylvius", + "Sylvian fissure", + "lateral cerebral sulcus", + "sulcus lateralis cerebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deepest and most prominent of the cortical fissures; separates the frontal lobes and temporal lobes in both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parieto-occipital sulcus", + "parieto-occipital fissure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulcus near the posterior end of each hemisphere that separates the parietal lobes and the occipital lobes in both hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcarine sulcus", + "calcarine fissure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sulcus in the mesial surface of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilus", + "hilum" + ], + "it": [ + "ilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a depression or fissure where vessels or nerves or ducts enter a bodily organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erogenous zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any area of the body especially sensitive to sexual stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external body part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any body part visible externally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthromere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the segments in the body of a jointed animal like an arthropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structure", + "anatomical structure", + "complex body part", + "bodily structure", + "body structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage in the uterus and vagina through which a fetus passes during vaginal birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulb" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carina" + ], + "it": [ + "carena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various keel-shaped structures or ridges such as that on the breastbone of a bird or that formed by the fused petals of a pea blossom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carina fornicis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ridge on the lower surface of the fornix of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fornix", + "trigonum cerebrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arched bundle of white fibers at the base of the brain by which the hippocampus of each hemisphere projects to the contralateral hippocampus and to the thalamus and mamillary bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fornix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generally any arch shaped structure (but often it refers to the arched roof of an anatomical space)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mamillary body", + "mammillary body", + "corpus mamillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two small round structures on the undersurface of the brain that form the terminals of the anterior arches of the fornix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cauda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any taillike structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the median ridge on the breastbone of birds that fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiasma", + "chiasm", + "decussation" + ], + "it": [ + "chiasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intersection or crossing of two tracts in the form of the letter X" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cingulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) an encircling structure (as the ridge around the base of a tooth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optic chiasma", + "optic chiasm", + "chiasma opticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crossing of the optic nerves from the two eyes at the base of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optic radiation", + "radiatio optica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve pathway from the lateral geniculate body to the visual cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a structure that resembles a shell in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal concha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several turbinate bones in the nasal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filament", + "filum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threadlike structure (as a chainlike series of cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber", + "fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infundibulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various funnel-shaped parts of the body (but especially the hypophyseal stalk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small structural space between tissues or parts of an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anatomical structure used as a point of origin in locating other anatomical structures (as in surgery) or as point from which measurements can be taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craniometric point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landmark on the skull from which craniometric measurements can be taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the anterior extremity of the intermaxillary suture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the junction of the lamboid suture and the occipitomastoid suture and the parietomastoid suture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auriculare", + "auricular point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the center of the opening of the external acoustic meatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bregma" + ], + "it": [ + "bregma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures at the top of the cranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condylion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the tip of the mandibular condyle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the tip of the coronoid process of the mandible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crotaphion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tip of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacryon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the junction of the anterior border of the lacrimal bone with the frontal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entomion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the tip of the angular part of the parietal bone that articulates with the temporal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glabella", + "mesophyron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth prominence of the frontal bone between and above the eyebrows; the most forward projecting point of the forehead in the midline at the level of the supraorbital ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnathion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most inferior point of the mandible in the midline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point on either side at the apex of the lower jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point that is the most prominent point at the back of the head (at the occipital protuberance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jugale", + "jugal point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the union of the frontal and temporal processes of the zygomatic bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and lamboid sutures of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandibular notch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small indentation in the middle of the lower jawbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastoidale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the lowest point of the mastoid process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metopion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point midway between the frontal eminences of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the bridge of the nose where the frontal and nasal bones of the skull meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obelion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point on the sagittal suture near the lamboid suture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophryon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point in the midline of the forehead immediately above the orbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbitale", + "orbital point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point at the lowest point on the lower edge of the orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pogonion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point that is the most forward-projecting point on the anterior surface of the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthion", + "prostheon", + "alveolar point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "craniometric point that is the most anterior point in the midline on the alveolar process of the maxilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point in the region of the sphenoid fontanelle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior tip at the end of the suture of the nasal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphenion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior tip of the parietal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stephanion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the craniometric point on the coronal suture above the acoustic meatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphysion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most forward point of the alveolar process of the mandible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a border or edge of any of various body parts distinguished by color or structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ], + "it": [ + "costa", + "costola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a riblike supporting or strengthening part of an animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad flat body part (as of the shoulder or tongue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a small structure resembling a rootlet (such as a fibril of a nerve)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plexus", + "rete" + ], + "it": [ + "plesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of intersecting blood vessels or intersecting nerves or intersecting lymph vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic plexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of lymph nodes in the lower portion of the abdominal aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autonomic plexus", + "plexus autonomici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve plexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of intersecting nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body covering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any covering for the body or a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheath", + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "guaina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin", + "tegument", + "cutis" + ], + "it": [ + "buccia", + "cute", + "pelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area on the skin that is highly sensitive to pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integument" + ], + "it": [ + "integumento", + "tegumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer protective covering such as the skin of an animal or a cuticle or seed coat or rind or shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin graft" + ], + "it": [ + "innesto epidermico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of skin taken from a donor area and surgically grafted at the site of an injury or burn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bare skin; naked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dewlap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hanging fold of loose skin on an elderly person's neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epithelium", + "epithelial tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "epitelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exuviae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast-off skins or coverings of various organisms during ecdysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidermis", + "cuticle" + ], + "it": [ + "epidermide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endothelium" + ], + "it": [ + "endotelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelium of mesoblastic origin; a thin layer of flattened cells that lines the inside of some body cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesothelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epithelium originating in the embryonic mesoderm; lines the primordial body cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroepithelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epithelium associated with special sense organs and containing sensory nerve endings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the cells making up the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidermal cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the cells making up the epidermis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanoblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epidermal cell that is a precursor of a melanocyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickle cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell in the germinal layer of the skin (the prickle-cell layer); has many spines and radiating processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epithelial cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the closely packed cells forming the epithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columnar cell", + "columnar epithelial cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelial cell that is shaped like a column; some have cilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spongioblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various columnar epithelial cells in the central nervous system that develop into neuroglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuboidal cell", + "cuboidal epithelial cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelial cell that shaped like a cube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goblet cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelial cell that secretes mucous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory epithelial cell present in the organ of Corti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kupffer's cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specialized cells in the liver that destroy bacteria, foreign proteins, and worn-out blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squamous cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelial cell that is flat like a plate and form a single layer of epithelial tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratum corneum", + "corneum", + "horny layer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost layer of the epidermis consisting of dead cells that slough off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratum lucidum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of epidermis immediately under the stratum corneum in the skin of the palms and soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratum granulosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of epidermis just under the stratum corneum or (on the palms and soles) just under the stratum lucidum; contains cells (with visible granules) that die and move to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratum germinativum", + "stratum basale", + "malpighian layer", + "rete Malpighii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost layer of the epidermis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermis", + "corium", + "derma" + ], + "it": [ + "corio", + "corion", + "derma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deep vascular inner layer of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantle", + "pallium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) a protective layer of epidermis in mollusks or brachiopods that secretes a substance forming the shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) a small abnormal patch on or inside the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amyloid plaque", + "amyloid protein plaque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaque consisting of tangles of amyloid protein in nervous tissue (a pathological mark of Alzheimer's disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterial plaque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty deposit inside an arterial wall; characteristic of atherosclerosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental plaque", + "bacterial plaque" + ], + "it": [ + "placca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film of mucus and bacteria deposited on the teeth that encourages the development of dental caries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macule", + "macula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patch of skin that is discolored but not usually elevated; caused by various diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freckle", + "lentigo" + ], + "it": [ + "efelide", + "lentiggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small brownish spot (of the pigment melanin) on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of skin disease that causes brown spots on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plague spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot on the skin characteristic of the plague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitehead", + "milium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small whitish lump in the skin due to a clogged sebaceous gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackhead", + "comedo" + ], + "it": [ + "comedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black-tipped plug clogging a pore of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pore" + ], + "it": [ + "poro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small opening in the skin or outer surface of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic orifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the orifice from the lower left chamber of the heart to the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mouth or mouthlike opening (especially one created by surgery on the surface of the body to create an opening to an internal organ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube", + "tube-shaped structure" + ], + "it": [ + "speco", + "tromba", + "tuba", + "tubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any hollow cylindrical body structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubule" + ], + "it": [ + "tubolo", + "tubulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microtubule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microscopically small tubule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salpinx" + ], + "it": [ + "salpinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube in the uterus or the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephron", + "uriniferous tubule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malpighian body", + "malpighian corpuscle", + "renal corpuscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capsule that contains Bowman's capsule and a glomerulus at the expanded end of a nephron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowman's capsule", + "glomerular capsule", + "capsula glomeruli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin double membrane surrounding the glomerulus of a nephron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glomerulus" + ], + "it": [ + "glomerulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small intertwined group of capillaries in the malpighian body; it filters the blood during urine formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomentum", + "tomentum cerebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of tiny blood vessels between the cerebral surface of the pia mater and the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "passageway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meatus" + ], + "it": [ + "meato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural body passageway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory meatus", + "acoustic meatus", + "ear canal", + "auditory canal", + "external auditory canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the passages in the outer ear from the auricle to the tympanic membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deltoid tuberosity", + "deltoid eminence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bump on the outside of the humerus where the deltoid muscle attaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal meatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passages in the nasal cavity formed by the projections of the nasal conchae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal canal", + "vertebral canal", + "canalis vertebralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastomosis", + "inosculation" + ], + "it": [ + "abboccamento", + "anastomosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural or surgical joining of parts or branches of tubular structures so as to make or become continuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orifice", + "opening", + "porta" + ], + "it": [ + "orificio", + "orifizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aperture or hole that opens into a bodily cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porta hepatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opening for major blood vessels to enter and leave the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiracle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breathing orifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowhole" + ], + "it": [ + "sfiatatoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spiracle of a cetacean located far back on the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an external tracheal aperture in a terrestrial arthropod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duct", + "epithelial duct", + "canal", + "channel" + ], + "it": [ + "canale", + "condotto", + "dotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily passage or tube lined with epithelial cells and conveying a secretion or other substance" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura cava con pareti spec. cilindriche per il passaggio dei liquidi organici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ductule", + "ductulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canaliculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small canal or duct as in some bones and parts of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canal of Schlemm", + "Schlemm's canal", + "sinus venosus sclerae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular canal in the eye that drains aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye into the anterior ciliary veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venous sinus", + "sinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide channel containing blood; does not have the coating of an ordinary blood vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavernous sinus", + "sinus cavernosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of large venous sinuses in the cranial cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary sinus", + "sinus coronarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short sinus receiving most of the veins of the heart; empties into the right atrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoid sinus", + "sinus sigmoideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an S-shaped dural sinus on the temporal and occipital bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight sinus", + "tentorial sinus", + "sinus rectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpaired sinus of the dura mater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transverse sinus", + "sinus transversus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paired dural sinus; terminates in the sigmoid sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinus" + ], + "it": [ + "seno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various air-filled cavities especially in the bones of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethmoid sinus", + "ethmoidal sinus", + "sinus ethmoidales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity (behind the bridge of the nose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal sinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of cavities in the frontal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxillary sinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of sinuses forming a cavity in the maxilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paranasal sinus", + "sinus paranasales", + "nasal sinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the paired sinuses in the bones of the face adjacent to the nasal cavity that are lined with mucous membrane that is continuous with the lining of the nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinusoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny endothelium-lined passages for blood in the tissue of an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locule", + "loculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cavity or space within an organ or in a plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavity or passage in a tubular organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampulla" + ], + "it": [ + "ampolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dilated portion of a canal or duct especially of the semicircular canals of the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair", + "pilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingrown hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hair that does not emerge from the follicle but remains embedded in the skin (usually causing inflammation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair" + ], + "it": [ + "capello", + "pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering over the surface of your head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short hair growing over a person's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down", + "pile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine soft dense hair (as the fine short hair of cattle or deer or the wool of sheep or the undercoat of certain dogs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fine downy hair covering a human fetus; normally shed during the ninth month of gestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mane", + "head of hair" + ], + "it": [ + "capigliatura", + "chioma", + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "growth of hair covering the scalp of a human being" + ], + "it": [ + "l'insieme dei capelli che rivestono il cranio di un uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairline" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccatura dei capelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural margin formed by hair on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "parting" + ], + "it": [ + "riga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widow's peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a V-shaped point in the hairline in the middle of the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowlick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuft of hair that grows in a different direction from the rest of the hair and usually will not lie flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairdo", + "hairstyle", + "hair style", + "coiffure", + "coif" + ], + "it": [ + "acconciatura", + "pettinatura", + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of the hair (especially a woman's hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beehive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdo resembling a beehive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouffant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's hairstyle in which the hair gives a puffy appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haircut" + ], + "it": [ + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style in which hair has been cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock", + "curl", + "ringlet", + "whorl" + ], + "it": [ + "boccolo", + "buccolo", + "ciocca", + "ciuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strand or cluster of hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage curl" + ], + "it": [ + "banana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fat sausage-shaped curl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forelock" + ], + "it": [ + "ciuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock of hair growing (or falling) over the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent forelock (especially one brushed upward from the forehead)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lock of hair that has been artificially waved or curled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin curl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curl of hair made by dampening a strand of hair and curling it and holding the curl with a clip or bobby pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit curl", + "kiss curl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiral curl plastered on the forehead or cheek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dreadlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many long thin braids of hair radiating from the scalp; popularized by Rastafarians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afro", + "Afro hairdo" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pettinatura afro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded thickly curled hairdo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang", + "fringe" + ], + "it": [ + "frangetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a border of hair that is cut short and hangs across the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob" + ], + "it": [ + "carré" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hair style for women and children; a short haircut all around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave" + ], + "it": [ + "ondulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave made with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braid", + "plait", + "tress", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "treccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdo formed by braiding or twisting the hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chignon" + ], + "it": [ + "chignon", + "cipolla", + "crocchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of hair worn at the nape of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a braid of hair at the back of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigtail" + ], + "it": [ + "codino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plait of braided hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marcel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdo characterized by deep regular waves that are made by a heated curling iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pageboy" + ], + "it": [ + "caschetto", + "pettinatura alla paggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth hair style with the ends of the hair curled inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompadour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hair style in which the front hair is swept up from the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ponytail" + ], + "it": [ + "coda di cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hair style that draws the hair back so that it hangs down in back of the head like a pony's tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanent wave", + "permanent", + "perm" + ], + "it": [ + "permanente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of waves in the hair made by applying heat and chemicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short haircut with hairs standing up like a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crew cut", + "flattop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closely cropped haircut; usually for men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mohawk", + "mohawk haircut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haircut in which the head is shaved except for a band of hair down the middle of the scalp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roll of hair brushed back from the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalp lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long tuft of hair left on top of the shaven head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hair resembling thatched roofing material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hair on the face (especially on the face of a man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard", + "face fungus", + "whiskers" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuzz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first beard of an adolescent boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial", + "imperial beard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tufted beard worn by Emperor Napoleon III" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver" + ], + "it": [ + "barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a full beard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustache", + "moustache" + ], + "it": [ + "baffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup-strainer", + "toothbrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for a mustache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustachio", + "moustachio", + "handle-bars" + ], + "it": [ + "mustacchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bushy moustache (with hair growing sometimes down the sides of the mouth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walrus mustache", + "walrus moustache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bushy droopy mustache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideburn", + "burnside", + "mutton chop", + "side-whiskers" + ], + "it": [ + "basetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facial hair that has grown down the side of a man's face in front of the ears (especially when the rest of the beard is shaved off)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goatee" + ], + "it": [ + "mosca", + "pizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small chin beard trimmed to a point; named for its resemblance to a goat's beard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short stiff hairs growing on a man's face when he has not shaved for a few days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vandyke beard", + "vandyke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short pointed beard (named after the artist Anthony Vandyke)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul patch", + "Attilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small patch of facial hair just below the lower lip and above the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pubic hair", + "bush", + "crotch hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hair growing in the pubic area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulgar term for a woman's pubic hair or genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the substance of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid body substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solid parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scab" + ], + "it": [ + "crosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crustlike surface of a healing skin lesion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eschar" + ], + "it": [ + "escara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry scab formed on the skin following a burn or cauterization of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) the base of a hollow organ or that part of the organ farthest from its opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funiculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several body structure resembling a cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bulge or swelling of an anatomical structure or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nodule" + ], + "it": [ + "nodulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small node" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smear", + "cytologic smear", + "cytosmear" + ], + "it": [ + "striscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin tissue or blood sample spread on a glass slide and stained for cytologic examination and diagnosis under a microscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alimentary tract smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cytologic smears obtained from different parts of the alimentary tract; obtained by specialized lavage techniques and used mainly to diagnose cancer in those parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophageal smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alimentary tract smear of material obtained from the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alimentary tract smear of material obtained from the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alimentary tract smear of material obtained from the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraduodenal smear", + "duodenal smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alimentary tract smear of material obtained from the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical smear", + "Pap smear", + "Papanicolaou smear" + ], + "it": [ + "Pap-test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sample of secretions and superficial cells of the uterine cervix and uterus; examined with a microscope to detect any abnormal cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower respiratory tract smear", + "bronchoscopic smear", + "sputum smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cytologic smears obtained from different parts of the lower respiratory tract; used for cytologic study of cancer and other diseases of the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaginal smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smear taken from the vaginal mucosa for cytological analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specimen" + ], + "it": [ + "campione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit of tissue or blood or urine that is taken for diagnostic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytologic specimen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specimen used for cytologic examination and diagnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isthmus", + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord-like tissue connecting two larger parts of an anatomical structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto animale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tissue in the bodies of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flesh" + ], + "it": [ + "carne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate: mainly muscle tissue and fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areolar tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fibrous connective tissue with the fibers arranged in a mesh or net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that produces insulin in the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capillary bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of tissue densely packed with capillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenchyma" + ], + "it": [ + "parenchima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal tissue that constitutes the essential part of an organ as contrasted with e.g. connective tissue and blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstitial tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue between the cells of a structure or part in plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adipose tissue", + "fat", + "fatty tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "adipe", + "ciccia", + "grasso", + "grassume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of body tissue containing stored fat that serves as a source of energy; it also cushions and insulates vital organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flab" + ], + "it": [ + "ciccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose or flaccid body fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atheroma" + ], + "it": [ + "ateroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fatty deposit in the intima (inner lining) of an artery; can obstruct blood flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellulite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lumpy deposits of body fat especially on women's thighs etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppy fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fat on the body of a baby or child; disappears at adolescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone", + "os" + ], + "it": [ + "osso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto connettivo rigido che costituisce lo scheletro dei vertebrati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anklebone", + "astragal", + "astragalus", + "talus" + ], + "it": [ + "astragalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bone in the ankle that articulates with the leg bones to form the ankle joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bare bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone stripped of flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuboid bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cube shaped bone on the outer side of the tarsus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpal bone", + "carpal", + "wrist bone" + ], + "it": [ + "osso carpale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the eight small bones of the wrist of primates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpal tunnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passageway in the wrist through which nerves and the flexor muscles of the hands pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaphoid bone", + "os scaphoideum", + "navicular" + ], + "it": [ + "scafoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest wrist bone on the thumb side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunate bone", + "semilunar bone", + "os lunatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the eight small wrist bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triquetral", + "triquetral bone", + "os triquetrum", + "cuneiform bone", + "pyramidal bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrist bone that articulates with the pisiform and hamate and lunate bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisiform", + "pisiform bone", + "os pisiforme" + ], + "it": [ + "pisiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wrist bone that articulates only with the triquetral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezium", + "trapezium bone", + "os trapezium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wrist bone on the thumb side of the hand that articulates with the 1st and 2nd metacarpals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezoid", + "trapezoid bone", + "os trapezoideum" + ], + "it": [ + "trapezoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wrist bone between the trapezium and the capitate bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitate", + "capitate bone", + "os capitatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wrist bone with a rounded head shape that articulates with the 3rd metacarpus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamate", + "hamate bone", + "unciform bone", + "os hamatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wrist bone in line with the 4th and 5th fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilage bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bone that develops within cartilage rather than a fibrous tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main body of a vertebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheekbone", + "zygomatic bone", + "zygomatic", + "malar", + "malar bone", + "jugal bone", + "os zygomaticum" + ], + "it": [ + "zigomo", + "zigoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clavicle", + "collarbone" + ], + "it": [ + "clavicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone linking the scapula and sternum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccyx", + "tail bone" + ], + "it": [ + "coccige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentine", + "dentin" + ], + "it": [ + "dentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone (calcified tissue) surrounding the pulp cavity of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethmoid", + "ethmoid bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the eight bones of the cranium; a small bone filled with air spaces that forms part of the eye sockets and the nasal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heelbone", + "calcaneus", + "os tarsi fibulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest tarsal bone; forms the human heel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hipbone", + "innominate bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flaring bone forming one half of the pelvis; made up of the ilium and ischium and pubis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyoid", + "hyoid bone", + "os hyoideum" + ], + "it": [ + "ioide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilium" + ], + "it": [ + "ileo", + "ilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper and widest of the three bones making up the hipbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ischium", + "ischial bone", + "os ischii" + ], + "it": [ + "ischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three sections of the hipbone; situated below the ilium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long bone", + "os longum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in limbs of vertebrate animals: a long cylindrical bone that contains marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower jaw", + "mandible", + "mandibula", + "mandibular bone", + "submaxilla", + "lower jawbone", + "jawbone", + "jowl" + ], + "it": [ + "mandibola", + "mascellare inferiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jaw in vertebrates that is hinged to open the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior part of the mandible that is more or less vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raphe", + "rhaphe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge that forms a seam between two parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine raphe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seam at the middle of the hard palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandibular joint", + "temporomandibular joint", + "articulatio temporomandibularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the joint between the head of the lower jawbone and the temporal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membrane bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bone that develops within membranous tissue without previous cartilage formation; e.g. the clavicle and bones of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection below the mouth of certain mollusks that resembles a chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacarpal", + "metacarpal bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bone of the hand between the wrist and fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatarsal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bone of the foot between the ankle and the toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal", + "nasal bone", + "os nasale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated rectangular bone that forms the bridge of the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossicle", + "bonelet", + "ossiculum" + ], + "it": [ + "ossicino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bone; especially one in the middle ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory ossicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ossicles of the middle ear that transmit acoustic vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine", + "palatine bone", + "os palatinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patella", + "kneecap", + "kneepan" + ], + "it": [ + "rotula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that protects the knee joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalanx" + ], + "it": [ + "falange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the bones of the fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pubis", + "pubic bone", + "os pubis" + ], + "it": [ + "pettignone", + "pube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three sections of the hipbone; together these two bones form the front of the pelvis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a point or small area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib", + "costa" + ], + "it": [ + "costola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 12 pairs of curved arches of bone extending from the spine to or toward the sternum in humans (and similar bones in most vertebrates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bones that are round in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrum" + ], + "it": [ + "osso sacro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wedge-shaped bone consisting of five fused vertebrae forming the posterior part of the pelvis; its base connects with the lowest lumbar vertebra and its tip with the coccyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scapula", + "shoulder blade", + "shoulder bone" + ], + "it": [ + "omoplata", + "scapola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two flat triangular bones one on each side of the shoulder in human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glenoid fossa", + "glenoid cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concavity in the head of the scapula that receives the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glenoid fossa", + "mandibular fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep concavity in the temporal bone at the root of the zygomatic arch that receives the condyle of the mandible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acromion", + "acromial process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost point of the spine of the shoulder blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesamoid bone", + "sesamoid", + "os sesamoideum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small round bones formed in a tendon where it passes over a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short bone", + "os breve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bone that is of approximately equal dimension in all directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bony hollow into which a structure fits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphenoid bone", + "sphenoid", + "os sphenoidale" + ], + "it": [ + "sfenoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternum", + "breastbone" + ], + "it": [ + "sterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat bone that articulates with the clavicles and the first seven pairs of ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladiolus", + "corpus sternum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large central part of the breastbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manubrium" + ], + "it": [ + "manubrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of the breastbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xiphoid process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest of the three parts of the breastbone; articulates with the corpus sternum and the seventh rib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarsal", + "tarsal bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bone of the tarsus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal bone", + "os temporale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick bone forming the side of the human cranium and encasing the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary dentition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dentition of deciduous teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary dentition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dentition of permanent teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentition", + "teeth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diastema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gap or vacant space between two teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth" + ], + "it": [ + "dente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard bonelike structures in the jaws of vertebrates; used for biting and chewing or for attack and defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central cavity of a tooth containing the pulp (including the root canal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopper", + "pearly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a human `tooth'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnassial tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last upper premolar and first lower molar teeth of a carnivore; having sharp edges for cutting flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbinate bone", + "turbinate", + "turbinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in man and other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanic bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bone enclosing the middle ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper jaw", + "upper jawbone", + "maxilla", + "maxillary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jaw in vertebrates that is fused to the cranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebra" + ], + "it": [ + "vertebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the bony segments of the spinal column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervertebral disc", + "intervertebral disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygoma", + "zygomatic arch", + "arcus zygomaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slender arch formed by the temporal process of the cheekbone that bridges to the zygomatic process of the temporal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip socket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the socket part of the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the innominate bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye socket", + "orbit", + "cranial orbit", + "orbital cavity" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiaia", + "orbita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth socket", + "alveolus" + ], + "it": [ + "alveolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bony socket in the alveolar ridge that holds a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrow", + "bone marrow" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo", + "midollo osseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fatty network of connective tissue that fills the cavities of bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red marrow", + "red bone marrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow marrow", + "yellow bone marrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axolemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer membrane covering an axon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilar membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane in the cochlea that supports the organ of Corti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cambium" + ], + "it": [ + "cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner layer of the periosteum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connective tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "tessuto connettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue of mesodermal origin consisting of e.g. collagen fibroblasts and fatty cells; supports organs and fills spaces between them and forms tendons and ligaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collagen" + ], + "it": [ + "collagene", + "collageno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrous scleroprotein in bone and cartilage and tendon and other connective tissue; yields gelatin on boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastic tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connective tissue consisting chiefly of elastic fibers found in the dermis of the skin and in the walls of veins and arteries and in some tendons and ligaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoneurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate connective tissue around individual nerve fibers in nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrous scleroprotein found in elastic tissues such as the walls of arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphatic tissue", + "lymphoid tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue making up the lymphatic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilage", + "gristle" + ], + "it": [ + "cartilagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough elastic tissue; mostly converted to bone in adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meniscus", + "semilunar cartilage" + ], + "it": [ + "menisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a disk of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the ends of bones that meet at a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrocartilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cartilage that is largely composed of fibers like those in ordinary connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaline cartilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translucent cartilage that is common in joints and the respiratory passages; forms most of the fetal skeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erectile tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vascular tissue capable of filling with blood and becoming rigid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle", + "muscular tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle", + "musculus" + ], + "it": [ + "muscolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the contractile organs of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contractile organ", + "contractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily organ that contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striated muscle tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle tissue characterized by transverse stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeletal muscle", + "striated muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton; a muscle that is characterized by transverse stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voluntary muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "striated muscle that can be controlled voluntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abductor", + "abductor muscle" + ], + "it": [ + "abduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that draws a body part away from the median line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus abductor digiti minimi manus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abductor muscle of the little finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus abductor digiti minimi pedis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abductor muscles of the little toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus abductor hallucis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abductor muscle of the great toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus abductor pollicis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abductor muscle of the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adductor", + "adductor muscle" + ], + "it": [ + "adduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that draws a body part toward the median line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus adductor brevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the short adductor muscle of the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus adductor longus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the long adductor muscle of the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus adductor magnus", + "great adductor muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle that adducts and extends the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus adductor hallucis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the adductor muscle of the great toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that produces or assists in pronation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle (especially in the forearm) that produces or assists in supination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that serves to lift some body part (as the eyelid or lip)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anconeous muscle", + "musculus anconeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle that extends the forearm and abducts the ulna in pronation of the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonistic muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) a muscle that opposes the action of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that contracts while another relaxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonist" + ], + "it": [ + "antagonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that relaxes while another contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articular muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that inserts directly onto the capsule of a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus articularis cubiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small branch of the triceps that inserts into the capsule of the elbow joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus articularis genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the articular muscle of the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheek muscle", + "buccinator muscle", + "musculus buccinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that flattens the cheek and retracts the angle of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masseter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large muscle that raises the lower jaw and is used in chewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platysma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two broad muscles located on either side of the neck and innervated by the facial nerve; extends from lower jaw to clavicle and is involved in moving the mouth and jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extensor muscle", + "extensor" + ], + "it": [ + "estensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadriceps", + "quadriceps femoris", + "musculus quadriceps femoris", + "quad" + ], + "it": [ + "quadricipite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle of the thigh that extends the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrous tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue consisting of or containing fibers in both animals and plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trabecula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rod-shaped structures of fibrous tissue that divide an organ into parts (as in the penis) or stabilize the structure of an organ (as in the spleen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligament" + ], + "it": [ + "legamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet or band of tough fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages or supporting muscles or organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falciform ligament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ligament that attaches part of the liver to the diaphragm and the abdominal wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round ligament of the uterus", + "ligamentum teres uteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ligament attached to the uterus on either side in front of and below the opening of the Fallopian tube and passing through the inguinal canal to the labia majora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perineurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sheath of connective tissue that covers a bundle of nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perimysium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sheath of connective tissue that covers a bundle of muscle fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendon", + "sinew" + ], + "it": [ + "nervo", + "tendine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cord or band of inelastic tissue connecting a muscle with its bony attachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flexor muscle", + "flexor" + ], + "it": [ + "flessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulatory system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of joints in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervous tissue", + "nerve tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue composed of neurons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ganglion" + ], + "it": [ + "ganglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an encapsulated neural structure consisting of a collection of cell bodies or neurons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autonomic ganglion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the ganglia of the autonomic system whose unmyelinated fibers innervate the internal organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otic ganglion", + "otoganglion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomic ganglion whose postganglionic fibers are distributed to the parotid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primordium", + "anlage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ in its earliest stage of development; the foundation for subsequent development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vital organ", + "vitals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bodily organ that is essential for life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effector" + ], + "it": [ + "effettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ (a gland or muscle) that becomes active in response to nerve impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ that is situated on or near the surface of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal organ", + "viscus" + ], + "it": [ + "viscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a main organ that is situated inside the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscera", + "entrails", + "innards" + ], + "it": [ + "interiora", + "viscere", + "visceri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "internal organs collectively (especially those in the abdominal cavity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense organ", + "sensory receptor", + "receptor" + ], + "it": [ + "recettore", + "ricettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ having nerve endings (in the skin or viscera or eye or ear or nose or mouth) that respond to stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interoceptor", + "enteroceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any receptor that responds to stimuli inside the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exteroceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any receptor that responds to stimuli outside the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third eye", + "pineal eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory structure capable of light reception located on the dorsal side of the diencephalon in various reptiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baroreceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory receptor that responds to pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemoreceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory receptor that responds to chemical stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermoreceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory receptor that responds to heat and cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensory system for hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory apparatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the components of the organ of hearing including the outer and middle and inner ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensory system for vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue", + "lingua", + "glossa", + "clapper" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable speech organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glottis" + ], + "it": [ + "glottide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vocal apparatus of the larynx; the true vocal folds and the space between them where the voice tone is generated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiglottis" + ], + "it": [ + "epiglottide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the externally visible part of the oral cavity on the face and the system of organs surrounding the opening" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte esterna, le labbra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap", + "cakehole", + "hole", + "maw", + "yap", + "gob" + ], + "it": [ + "becco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "os" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mouth or mouthlike opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth", + "oral cavity", + "oral fissure", + "rima oris" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca", + "cavità orale", + "cavo orale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge" + ], + "it": [ + "cavità collocata nella parte inferiore del cranio", + "organo della respirazione, della nutrizione e della fonazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buccal cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity between the jaws and the cheeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompetent cervix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) uterine cervix that becomes dilated before term and without labor often resulting in miscarriage or premature birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervix", + "uterine cervix", + "cervix uteri" + ], + "it": [ + "cervice uterina", + "collo dell' utero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "necklike opening to the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavity", + "bodily cavity", + "cavum" + ], + "it": [ + "buco", + "cavità", + "cavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antrum" + ], + "it": [ + "antro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural cavity or hollow in a bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) the cavity (in birds, reptiles, amphibians, most fish, and monotremes but not mammals) at the end of the digestive tract into which the intestinal, genital, and urinary tracts open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibule" + ], + "it": [ + "vestibolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various bodily cavities leading to another cavity (as of the ear or vagina)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibule of the ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central cavity of the bony labyrinth of the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingiva", + "gum" + ], + "it": [ + "gengiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tissue (covered by mucous membrane) of the jaws that surrounds the bases of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tastebud", + "taste bud", + "gustatory organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oval sensory end organ on the surface of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste cell", + "gustatory cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithelial cell in a taste bud that activates sensory fibers of the facial nerve or the glossopharyngeal nerve or the vagus nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech organ", + "vocal organ", + "organ of speech" + ], + "it": [ + "organo vocale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the organs involved in speech production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip" + ], + "it": [ + "labbra", + "labbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front tooth", + "anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tooth situated at the front of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucktooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large projecting front tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back tooth", + "posterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tooth situated at the back of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malposed tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tooth that has grown in a faulty position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanent tooth", + "adult tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 32 teeth that replace the deciduous teeth of early childhood and (with luck) can last until old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary tooth", + "deciduous tooth", + "baby tooth", + "milk tooth" + ], + "it": [ + "dente da latte", + "dente di latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the first temporary teeth of a young mammal (one of 20 in children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canine", + "canine tooth", + "eyetooth", + "eye tooth", + "dogtooth", + "cuspid" + ], + "it": [ + "canino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four pointed conical teeth (two in each jaw) located between the incisors and the premolars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premolar", + "bicuspid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tooth having two cusps or points; located between the incisors and the molars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusp" + ], + "it": [ + "cuspide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small elevation on the grinding surface of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incisor" + ], + "it": [ + "dente incisivo", + "incisivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tooth for cutting or gnawing; located in the front of the mouth in both jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molar", + "grinder" + ], + "it": [ + "molare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grinding tooth with a broad crown; located behind the premolars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisdom tooth" + ], + "it": [ + "dente del giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the last 4 teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaw; the last of the permanent teeth to erupt (between ages 16 and 21)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ], + "it": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a tooth above the gum that is covered with enamel" + ], + "it": [ + "parte esterna del dente, ricoperta di smalto, che sporge dalla gengiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root", + "tooth root" + ], + "it": [ + "radice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage in the root of a tooth through which its nerve and blood vessels enter the pulp cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamel", + "tooth enamel" + ], + "it": [ + "smalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cementum", + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized bony substance covering the root of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soft inner part of a tooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsil", + "palatine tonsil", + "faucial tonsil", + "tonsilla" + ], + "it": [ + "tonsilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two masses of lymphatic tissue one on each side of the oral pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uvula" + ], + "it": [ + "ugola", + "uvola", + "uvula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft palate", + "velum" + ], + "it": [ + "palato molle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscular flap that closes off the nasopharynx during swallowing or speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard palate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bony part of the roof of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palate", + "roof of the mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "palato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat wing-shaped process or winglike part of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the upper or lower jawbones in which the teeth are set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar ridge", + "gum ridge", + "alveolar process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge that forms the borders of the upper and lower jaws and contains the sockets of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caul", + "veil", + "embryonic membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner membrane of embryos in higher vertebrates (especially when covering the head at birth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any membrane that functions for the protection or nourishment or respiration or excretion of a developing fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye", + "oculus", + "optic" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organ of sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naked eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eye unaided by any optical instrument that alters the power of vision or alters the apparent size or distance of objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term referring to the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oculus dexter", + "OD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oculus sinister", + "OS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the left eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple eye", + "stemma", + "ocellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eye having a single lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in insects and some crustaceans: composed of many light-sensitive elements each forming a portion of an image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ommatidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the numerous small cone-shaped eyes that make up the compound eyes of some arthropods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell membrane", + "cytomembrane", + "plasma membrane" + ], + "it": [ + "parete cellulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell; proteins in the membrane control passage of ions (like sodium or potassium or calcium) in and out of the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choroid", + "choroid coat" + ], + "it": [ + "coroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly vascular membrane in the eye between the retina and the sclera; a dark pigmentation minimizes the scattering of light inside the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciliary body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the tunic of the eye between the choroid coat and the iris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyebrow", + "brow", + "supercilium" + ], + "it": [ + "ciglio", + "sopracciglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arch of hair above each eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protective fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flap of tissue that protects what it covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyelid", + "lid", + "palpebra" + ], + "it": [ + "palpebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two folds of skin that can be moved to cover or open the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the corners of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicanthus", + "epicanthic fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical fold of skin over the nasal canthus; normal for Mongolian peoples; sometimes occurs in Down's syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal canthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner corner of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal canthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer corner of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nictitating membrane", + "third eyelid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective fold of skin in the eyes of reptiles and birds and some mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nictitating membrane of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyelash", + "lash", + "cilium" + ], + "it": [ + "ciglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the short curved hairs that grow from the edges of the eyelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunctiva" + ], + "it": [ + "congiuntiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent lubricating mucous membrane that covers the eyeball and the under surface of the eyelid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulbar conjunctiva", + "conjunctival layer of bulb", + "tunica conjunctiva bulbi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the conjunctiva covering the anterior face of the sclera and the surface epithelium of the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpebra conjunctiva", + "conjunctival layer of eyelids", + "tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the conjunctiva lining the posterior surface of the eyelids; continuous with the bulbar conjunctiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinguecula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slightly elevated elastic tissue deposit in the conjunctiva that may extend to the cornea but does not cover it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeball", + "orb" + ], + "it": [ + "bulbo oculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocular muscle", + "eye muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the small muscles of the eye that serve to rotate the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abducens muscle", + "lateral rectus muscle", + "lateral rectus", + "rectus lateralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various straight muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior rectus muscle", + "inferior rectus", + "rectus inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball down and medially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medial rectus muscle", + "medial rectus", + "rectus medialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball medially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior rectus muscle", + "superior rectus", + "rectus superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball upward and medially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that encloses a body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornea" + ], + "it": [ + "cornea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transparent dome-shaped anterior portion of the outer covering of the eye; it covers the iris and pupil and is continuous with the sclera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterygium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two thickened triangular layers of conjunctiva extending from the nasal edge of the eye to the cornea; it arises from irritation of the pinguecula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcus", + "arcus senilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whitish deposit in the shape of an arc that is sometimes seen in the cornea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uvea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the eye that contains the iris and ciliary body and choroid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uveoscleral pathway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tubule that drains excess aqueous humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqueous humor", + "aqueous humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limpid fluid within the eyeball between the cornea and the lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitreous humor", + "vitreous humour", + "vitreous body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clear colorless transparent jelly that fills the posterior chamber of the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphragm", + "midriff" + ], + "it": [ + "diaframma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities; functions in respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eardrum", + "tympanum", + "tympanic membrane", + "myringa" + ], + "it": [ + "timpano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the membrane in the ear that vibrates to sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocranium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membrane lining the inside of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endosteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vascular membrane that lines the inner surface of long bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ependyma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin epithelial membrane lining the ventricles of the brain and the spinal cord canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilization membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the membrane that forms around a fertilized ovum and prevents penetration by additional spermatozoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaloid membrane", + "hyaloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transparent membrane enveloping the vitreous humor of the eye and separating it from the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intima" + ], + "it": [ + "intima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost membrane of an organ (especially the inner lining of an artery or vein or lymphatic vessel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iris" + ], + "it": [ + "iride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil which in turn controls the amount of light that enters the eye; it forms the colored portion of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pupil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contractile aperture in the center of the iris of the eye; resembles a large black dot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens", + "crystalline lens", + "lens of the eye" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallino", + "lente cristallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biconvex transparent body situated behind the iris in the eye; its role (along with the cornea) is to focuses light on the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens cortex", + "cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tissue that surrounds the lens nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens nucleus", + "nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central structure of the lens that is surrounded by the cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ of hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the ear that is responsible for sensations of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inner ear", + "internal ear", + "labyrinth" + ], + "it": [ + "labirinto", + "orecchio interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex system of interconnecting cavities; concerned with hearing and equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membranous labyrinth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensory structures of the inner ear including the labyrinthine receptors and the cochlea; contained within the bony labyrinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bony labyrinth", + "osseous labyrinth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cavity in the petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the membranous labyrinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endolymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily fluid that fills the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perilymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bodily fluid that fills the space between the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utricle", + "utriculus" + ], + "it": [ + "otricolo", + "utricolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pouch into which the semicircular canals open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccule", + "sacculus" + ], + "it": [ + "sacculo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sac or pouch (especially the smaller chamber of the membranous labyrinth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modiolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central conical bony pillar of the cochlea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ of Corti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hearing organ of the inner ear; contains receptors that respond to sound waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibular apparatus", + "vestibular system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organs mediating the labyrinthine sense; concerned with equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semicircular canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three tube loops filled with fluid and in planes nearly at right angles with one another; concerned with equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch receptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receptor in a muscle that responds to stretching of the muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earlobe", + "ear lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy pendulous part of the external human ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external ear", + "outer ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the ear visible externally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricle", + "pinna", + "ear" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchia", + "orecchio", + "padiglione auricolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the externally visible cartilaginous structure of the external ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cartilaginous flap in front of the external opening of the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cauliflower ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auricle deformed by injury; common among boxers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perforated eardrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eardrum with a hole or tear in it; can interfere with normal hearing and cause other ear problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbo" + ], + "it": [ + "umbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight rounded elevation where the malleus attaches to the eardrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediastinum" + ], + "it": [ + "mediastino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that contains the heart and aorta and esophagus and trachea and thymus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle ear", + "tympanic cavity", + "tympanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main cavity of the ear; between the eardrum and the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eustachian tube", + "auditory tube" + ], + "it": [ + "tromba di Eustachio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the paired tubes connecting the middle ears to the nasopharynx; equalizes air pressure on the two sides of the eardrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small opening covered with membrane (especially one in the bone between the middle and inner ear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenestra ovalis", + "fenestra vestibuli", + "oval window", + "fenestra of the vestibule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fenestra that has the base of the stapes attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenestra rotunda", + "fenestra cochleae", + "round window", + "fenestra of the cochlea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fenestra leading into the cochlea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malleus", + "hammer" + ], + "it": [ + "martello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ossicle attached to the eardrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamella" + ], + "it": [ + "lamella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin membrane that is one of the calcified layers that form bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens capsule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenuous mesoblastic membrane surrounding the lens of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incus", + "anvil" + ], + "it": [ + "incudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ossicle between the malleus and the stapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stapes", + "stirrup" + ], + "it": [ + "staffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stirrup-shaped ossicle that transmits sound from the incus to the cochlea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cochlea" + ], + "it": [ + "chiocciola", + "coclea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the snail-shaped tube (in the inner ear coiled around the modiolus) where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses by the organ of Corti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meninx", + "meninges" + ], + "it": [ + "meninge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane (one of 3) that envelops the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucous membrane", + "mucosa" + ], + "it": [ + "muccosa", + "mucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mucus-secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periosteum" + ], + "it": [ + "periostio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles; contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the enclosed bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perithelium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue layer around small blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gland", + "secretory organ", + "secretor", + "secreter" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiandola", + "glandola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gland that secretes oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sebaceous gland", + "sebaceous follicle", + "glandulae sebaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutaneous gland that secretes sebum (usually into a hair follicle) for lubricating hair and skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meibomian gland", + "tarsal gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long sebaceous gland that lubricates the eyelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgomery's tubercle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the sebaceous glands on the areolae of the breast that lubricate the breast during breast-feeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exocrine gland", + "exocrine", + "duct gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gland that secretes externally through a duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestive system", + "gastrointestinal system", + "systema alimentarium", + "systema digestorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system that makes food absorbable into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocrine system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of glands that produce endocrine secretions that help to control bodily metabolic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocrine gland", + "endocrine", + "ductless gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroid gland", + "thyroid" + ], + "it": [ + "tiroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "located near the base of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parathyroid gland", + "parathyroid" + ], + "it": [ + "paratiroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of four endocrine glands situated above or within the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small duct that conveys sweat from a sudoriferous gland to the surface of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat gland", + "sudoriferous gland" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiandola sudoripara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the glands in the skin that secrete perspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apocrine gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sweat gland that produces both a fluid and an apocrine secretion; in human beings located in hairy regions of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eccrine gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sweat gland that produces only a fluid; restricted to the human skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenal gland", + "adrenal", + "suprarenal gland" + ], + "it": [ + "surrenale", + "surrene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of complex endocrine glands situated near the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostate gland", + "prostate" + ], + "it": [ + "prostata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm partly muscular chestnut sized gland in males at the neck of the urethra; produces a viscid secretion that is the fluid part of semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal gland", + "lachrymal gland", + "tear gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the glands in the eyes that secrete tears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal duct", + "lachrymal duct", + "tear duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small ducts that carry tears from the lacrimal glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal sac", + "tear sac", + "dacryocyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two dilated ends of the lacrimal ducts at the nasal ends of the eyes that fill with tears secreted by the lacrimal glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasolacrimal duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct that carries tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thymus gland", + "thymus" + ], + "it": [ + "timo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ductless glandular organ at the base of the neck that produces lymphocytes and aids in producing immunity; atrophies with age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney" + ], + "it": [ + "rene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two bean-shaped excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excretory organ", + "urinary organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ that separates waste substances from the blood and discharges them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spleen", + "lien" + ], + "it": [ + "milza", + "splene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artery", + "arteria", + "arterial blood vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "arteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar artery", + "arteria alveolaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies the alveolar process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior alveolar artery", + "arteria alveolaris inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alveolar artery that goes through the mandibular canal to supply the lower teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior alveolar artery", + "arteria alveolaris superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alveolar artery that supplies the upper teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular artery", + "arteria angularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal branch of the facial artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aorta" + ], + "it": [ + "aorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large trunk artery that carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to branch arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascending aorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ascending part of the aorta as it emerges from the left ventricle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the aorta that arches and turns downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descending aorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the descending part of the aorta that branches into the thoracic and abdominal aortae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal aorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the descending aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic aorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the descending aorta; divides into the iliac arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicular artery", + "arteria appendicularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the ileocolic artery that supplies the vermiform appendix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcuate artery", + "arteria arcuata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curved artery in the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcuate artery of the kidney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curved arteries of the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arteriole", + "arteriola", + "capillary artery" + ], + "it": [ + "arteriola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the small thin-walled arteries that end in capillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i64999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artery of the penis bulb", + "arteria bulbi penis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal pudendal artery of males that supplies the bulb of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artery of the vestibule bulb", + "arteria bulbi vestibuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal pudendal artery in females that supplies the bulb of the vestibule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascending artery", + "arteria ascendens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the ileocolic artery that supplies the ascending colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricular artery", + "arteria auricularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artery that supplies blood to the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axillary artery", + "arteria axillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the main artery of the arm that lies in the armpit and is continuous with the subclavian artery above and the brachial artery below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilar artery", + "arteria basilaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpaired artery; supplies the pons and cerebellum and the back part of the cerebrum and the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachial artery", + "arteria brachialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main artery of the upper arm; a continuation of the axillary artery; bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial artery", + "arteria radialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of the brachial artery beginning below the elbow and extending down the forearm around the wrist and into the palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchial artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arteries that accompany the bronchioles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buccal artery", + "arteria buccalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the buccinator muscle and the cheek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotid artery", + "arteria carotis" + ], + "it": [ + "carotide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two major arteries of the neck and head; branches from the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common carotid artery", + "common carotid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "runs upward in the neck and divides into the external and internal carotid arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external carotid artery", + "external carotid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the face and tongue and external parts of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal carotid artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the brain and eyes and internal parts of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotid body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemoreceptor located near the bifurcations of the carotid arteries; monitors oxygen content of the blood and helps control respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celiac trunk", + "celiac artery", + "truncus celiacus", + "arteria celiaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates from the abdominal aorta just below the diaphragm and branches into the left gastric artery and the common hepatic artery and the splenic artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central artery of the retina", + "arteria centralis retinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the ophthalmic artery; enters the eyeball with the optic nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebellar artery", + "arteria cerebelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the cerebellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior cerebellar artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inferior branch of the cerebellar artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior cerebellar artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superior branch of the cerebellar artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral artery", + "arteria cerebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the arteries supplying blood to the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior cerebral artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two branches of the internal carotid artery; divides into two branches that serve (1) the thalamus and (2) parts of the frontal and parietal cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle cerebral artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two branches of the internal carotid artery; divides into three branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior cerebral artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from the basilar artery; divides into three branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical artery", + "areteria cervicalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the muscles of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choroidal artery", + "arteria choroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the choroid plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciliary artery", + "arteria ciliaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several arteries supplying the choroid coat of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle of Willis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring of arteries at the base of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several paired curving arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex artery of the thigh", + "arteria circumflexa femoris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the hip joint and thigh muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex humeral artery", + "arteria circumflexa humeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the shoulder joint and shoulder muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex iliac artery", + "arteria circumflexa ilium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the lower abdominal walls and skin and the sartorius muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex scapular artery", + "arteria circumflexa scapulae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that serves the muscles of the shoulder and scapular area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colic artery", + "arteria colica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arteries that supply blood to the colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicating artery", + "arteria communicans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three arteries in the brain that make up the circle of Willis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary artery", + "arteria coronaria" + ], + "it": [ + "coronaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the artery that branches from the aorta to supply blood to the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrial artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the coronary artery that supplies the muscles of the atria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right coronary artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from the right aortic sinus; supplies the right side of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left coronary artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from the left aortic sinus; supplies the left side of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystic artery", + "arteria cystica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the hepatic artery; supplies the gall bladder and the surface of the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital arteries", + "arteria digitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arteries in the hand and foot that supply the fingers and toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigastric artery", + "arteria epigastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three arteries supplying the anterior walls of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethmoidal artery", + "arteria ethmoidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the ophthalmic artery supplying structures in and around the nasal capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial artery", + "arteria facialis", + "external maxillary artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates in the external carotid and gives off branches that supply the neck and face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femoral artery", + "arteria femoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief artery of the thigh; a continuation of the external iliac artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popliteal artery", + "arteria poplitea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the femoral artery that branches to supply the legs and feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric artery", + "arteria gastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arteries that supply the walls of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right gastric artery", + "ateria gastrica dextra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the hepatic artery that supplies the pyloric portion of the stomach on the lesser curvature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left gastric artery", + "arteria gastrica sinistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the celiac artery that supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach and the abdominal part of the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short gastric artery", + "arteria gastrica breves", + "vasa brevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several small arteries branching off of the splenic artery and going to the greater curvature of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteal artery", + "arteria glutes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branches of the internal iliac artery that supply the hip joint and gluteal region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic artery", + "arteria hepatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arteries that supply the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileal artery", + "intestinal artery", + "arteria ileum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the ileum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileocolic artery", + "arteria ileocolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates from the superior mesenteric artery and supplies the terminal part of the ileum and the cecum and the vermiform appendix and the ascending colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iliac artery", + "arteria iliaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the large arteries supplying blood to the pelvis and legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common iliac artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminal branches of the abdominal aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external iliac artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer branch of the common iliac artery on either side of the body; becomes the femoral artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal iliac artery", + "hypogastric artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner branch of the common iliac artery on either side of the body; divides into several branches that supply blood to the pelvic and gluteal areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iliolumbar artery", + "arteria iliolumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates in the internal iliac artery and supplies the pelvic muscles and bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infraorbital artery", + "arteria infraorbitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates from the maxillary artery and supplies structures below the orbit (from lower eyelid to upper lip)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innominate artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large artery arising from the arch of the aorta and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery; supplies the right side of the neck and head and the right shoulder and arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercostal artery", + "arteria intercostalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several arteries and supplying the intercostal spaces of the rib cage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunal artery", + "intestinal artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the jejunum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labial artery", + "arteria labialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that is a branch of the facial artery that supplies the lips of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior labial artery", + "arteria labialis inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that is a branch of the facial artery that supplies the lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior labial artery", + "arteria labialis superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that is a branch of the facial artery that supplies the upper lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labyrinthine artery", + "artery of the labyrinth", + "internal auditory artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that is a branch of the basilar artery that supplies the labyrinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal artery", + "arteria lacrimalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates from the ophthalmic artery and supplies the lacrimal gland and rectal eye muscles and the upper eyelid and the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngeal artery", + "arteria laryngea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two arteries that supply blood to the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lienal artery", + "splenic artery", + "arteria lienalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that originates from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingual artery", + "arteria lingualis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery originating from the external carotid artery and supplying the under side of the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar artery", + "arteria lumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four or five pairs of arteries that originate in the abdominal aorta and supply the lumbar vertebrae and the back muscles and abdominal wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxillary artery", + "arteria maxillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two arteries branching from the external carotid artery and supplying structure of the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal maxillary artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maxillary artery that supplies deep structure of the face and some of the meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningeal artery", + "arteria meningea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three arteries supplying the meninges of the brain and neighboring structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior meningeal artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of the anterior ethmoidal artery that supplies meninges in the anterior cranial fossa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle meningeal artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of the maxillary artery; its branches supply meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior meningeal artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery that supplies the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesenteric artery", + "arteria mesenterica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two branches of the aorta that pass between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior mesenteric artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises near the lower end of the aorta and supplies the large intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior mesenteric artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originates from the upper part of the aorta that supplies the small intestines and the cecum and the colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacarpal artery", + "arteria metacarpea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dorsal and palmar arteries of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatarsal artery", + "arteria metatarsea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dorsal and plantar arteries to the metatarsal region of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculophrenic artery", + "arteria musculophrenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the abdomen and intercostal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutrient artery", + "arteria nutricia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery that supplies the medullary cavity of the long bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmic artery", + "arteria ophthalmica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies the eye and neighboring structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovarian artery", + "arteria ovarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the artery that branches from the aorta and supplies blood to the ovaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine artery", + "arteria palatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several arteries supplying the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatic artery", + "arteria pancreatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the splenic artery that supplies the pancreas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perineal artery", + "arteria perinealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal pudendal artery that supplies superficial structures of the perineum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudendal artery", + "arteria pudenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arteries supplying the external genital organs of humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary artery", + "arteria pulmonalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two arteries (branches of the pulmonary trunk) that carry venous blood from the heart to the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary trunk", + "truncus pulmonalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the artery that carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectal artery", + "arteria rectalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the arteries supplying the rectal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal artery", + "arteria renalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subclavian artery", + "arteria subclavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two arteries that supply blood to the neck and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal artery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three arteries on either side of the brain supplying the cortex of the temporal lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior temporal artery", + "arteria temporalis anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporal artery that goes to the anterior part of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermediate temporal artery", + "arteria temporalis intermedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporal artery that goes to the middle part of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior temporal artery", + "arteria temporalis posterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporal artery that supplies the posterior part of the cortex of the temporal lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testicular artery", + "internal spermatic artery", + "arteria testicularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the aorta supplying the testicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulnar artery", + "arteria ulnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large artery that branches from the brachial artery to supply the muscles of the forearm and wrist and hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uterine artery", + "arteria uterina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaginal artery", + "arteria vaginalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal iliac that provides blood for the vagina and the base of the bladder and the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebral artery", + "arteria vertebralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first branch of the subclavian artery; divided into four parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory cephalic vein", + "vena cephalica accessoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that passes along the radial edge of the forearm and joins the cephalic vein near the elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory hemiazygos vein", + "accessory hemiazygous vein", + "vena hemiazygos accessoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein formed by the union of the 4th to 7th posterior intercostal veins; empties into the azygos vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory vertebral vein", + "vena vertebralis accessoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that accompanies the vertebral vein but passes through the foramen of the transverse process of the 7th cervical vertebra and empties into the brachiocephalic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accompanying vein", + "vena comitans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein accompanying another structure; a vein may accompany an artery in such a way that the arterial pulses aid venous return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastomotic vein", + "vena anastomotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two communicating veins serving the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular vein", + "vena angularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short vein formed by the supraorbital vein and the supratrochlear vein and continuing as the facial vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior vertebral vein", + "vena vertebralis anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that accompanies the ascending cervical artery and opens into the vertebral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicular vein", + "vena appendicularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that accompanies the appendicular artery and empties into the ileocolic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arcuate vein of the kidney", + "vena arcuata renis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that receive blood from interlobular veins of kidney and rectal venules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricular vein", + "vena auricularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two veins serving the ear region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axillary vein", + "vena axillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the basilic vein and brachial vein that becomes the subclavian vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azygos vein", + "azygous vein", + "vena azygos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a system of veins that drain the thoracic and abdominal walls; arises as a continuation of the right ascending lumbar vein and terminates in the superior vena cava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal vein", + "vena basalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large vein passing along the medial surface of the temporal lobe and emptying into the great cerebral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilic vein", + "vena basilica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the back of the hand and forearm and empties into the axillary vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basivertebral vein", + "vena basivertebralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of veins draining the spongy substance of the vertebrae and emptying into the anterior internal vertebral venous plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachial vein", + "vena brachialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two veins in either arm that accompany the brachial artery and empty into the axillary vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachiocephalic vein", + "innominate vein", + "vena brachiocephalica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchial vein", + "vena bronchialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins serving the bronchi; empty into the azygos vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the major venous channels in primitive adult vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior cardinal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major drainage channel from the cephalic part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior cardinal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major drainage channel from the caudal part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common cardinal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major return channels to the heart; formed by anastomosis of the anterior and posterior cardinal veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central veins of liver", + "venae centrales hepatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminal branches of the hepatic veins that lie in the hepatic lobules and receive blood from the liver sinusoids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central vein of retina", + "vena centrales retinae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein formed by the union of the retinal veins; accompanies central arteries of the retina in the optic nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central vein of suprarenal gland", + "vena centralis glandulae suprarenalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single draining vein; on the right it empties into the inferior vena cava; on the left it empties into the left renal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cephalic vein", + "vena cephalica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large vein of the arm that empties into the axillary vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebellar vein", + "vena cerebellum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the veins draining the cerebellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral vein", + "vena cerebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins serving the cerebral hemispheres of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior cerebral vein", + "vena cerebri anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompanies the anterior cerebral artery and empties into the basal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior facial vein", + "vena facialis anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the angular vein; unites with the retromandibular vein before emptying into the internal jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great cerebral vein", + "vena cerebri magna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cerebral vein formed by the two internal cerebral veins and continuing into the sinus rectus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior cerebral vein", + "venae cerebrum inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the undersurface of the cerebral hemispheres and empty into the cavernous and transverse sinuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal cerebral vein", + "vena cerebrum internus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two paired veins passing caudally near the midline and uniting to form the great cerebral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle cerebral vein", + "vena cerebri media" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two cerebral veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep middle cerebral vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompanies the middle cerebral artery deep in the Sylvian fissure; empties into the basal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficial middle cerebral vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large vein along the line of the Sylvian fissure to the cavernous sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior cerebral vein", + "vena cerebrum superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cerebral vein that drains the dorsal convexity of the cerebral hemisphere and empties into the cavernous sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical vein", + "deep cervical vein", + "vena cervicalis profunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that accompanies an artery of the same name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choroid vein", + "vena choroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two veins serving the choroid coat of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ciliary veins", + "venae ciliares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small veins coming from the ciliary body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex vein", + "vena circumflexa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several curved parallel veins accompanying arteries of the same name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex iliac vein", + "vena circumflexa ilium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompanies the artery of the same name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex femoral vein", + "vena circumflexus femoris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two veins that accompany arteries of the same name serving the hip and thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clitoral vein", + "vena clitoridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that serve the clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colic vein", + "vena colica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein serving the large intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common facial vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein formed by union of facial vein and the retromandibular vein and emptying into the jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunctival veins", + "venae conjunctivales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins draining the conjunctiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costoaxillary vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several veins connecting intercostal veins with the lateral thoracic vein or the thoracoepigastric vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaneous vein", + "vena cutanea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystic vein", + "vena cystica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein that drains the gallbladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital vein", + "vena digitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the veins serving the fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diploic vein", + "vena diploica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the veins serving the spongy part of the cranial bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorsal scapular vein", + "vena scapularis dorsalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein that is a tributary of the subclavian vein or external jugular vein and accompanies the descending scapular artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorsal root", + "dorsal horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two roots of a spinal nerve that passes dorsally to the spinal cord and that consists of sensory fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emissary vein", + "vena emissaria" + ], + "it": [ + "emissario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several connecting veins in the scalp and head that drain blood from sinuses in the dura mater to veins outside the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigastric vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins serving the anterior walls of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior epigastric vein", + "vena epigastrica inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empties into the external iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficial epigastric vein", + "vena epigastrica superficialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empties into the great saphenous vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior epigastric veins", + "venae epigastricae superiores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that accompany the superior epigastric artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episcleral veins", + "venae episclerales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small veins in the sclera near the corneal margin; empty into the anterior ciliary veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophageal veins", + "oesophageal veins", + "venae esophageae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small veins from the esophagus emptying into the brachiocephalic vein or the azygos veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethmoidal vein", + "vena ethmoidalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the ethmoidal sinuses and empty into the superior ophthalmic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external nasal vein", + "vena nasalis externa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the veins that drain the external nose and empty into the angular or facial vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial vein", + "vena facialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins draining the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femoral vein", + "vena femoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that accompanies the femoral artery in the same sheath; a continuation of the popliteal vein; becomes the external iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric vein", + "vena gastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several veins draining the stomach walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroomental vein", + "gastroepiploic vein", + "vena gastroomentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two veins serving the great curvature of the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genicular vein", + "vena genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain blood from structures around the knee; empty into the popliteal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glans" + ], + "it": [ + "glande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small rounded structure; especially that at the end of the penis or clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glans clitoridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mass of erectile tissue at the end of the body of the clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glans penis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conical mass of erectile tissue that forms the head of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteal vein", + "vena gluteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins draining the gluteal muscles on either side of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemizygos vein", + "hemizygous vein", + "vena hemizygos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the left ascending lumbar vein; crosses the midline at the 8th vertebra and empties into the azygos vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemorrhoidal vein", + "rectal vein", + "vena rectalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins draining the walls of the anal canal and rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic vein", + "vena hepatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the liver; empties into the vena cava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypogastric vein", + "internal iliac vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that unites with the external iliac vein to form the common iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileocolic vein", + "vena ileocolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the end of the ileum and the appendix and the cecum and the lower part of the ascending colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external iliac vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the femoral vein; unites with the internal iliac vein to form the common iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common iliac vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formed by the internal and external iliac veins; unites with its fellow from the opposite side of the body to form the inferior vena cava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iliac vein", + "vena iliaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three veins draining the pelvic area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iliolumbar vein", + "vena iliolumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the internal iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercapitular vein", + "vena intercapitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins connecting the dorsal and palmar veins of the hand or the dorsal and plantar veins of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercostal vein", + "vena intercostalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several veins draining the intercostal spaces of the rib cage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervertebral vein", + "vena intervertebralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several veins accompanying spinal nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jugular vein", + "vena jugularis", + "jugular" + ], + "it": [ + "giugulare", + "iugulare", + "vena giugulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins in the neck that return blood from the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior jugular vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises below the chin from veins draining the lower face; joins the external jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external jugular vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formed by the junction of the posterior auricular and the retromandibular veins; empties into the subclavian vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal jugular vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the sigmoid sinus of the dura mater; joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labial vein", + "vena labialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein draining the lips of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior labial vein", + "vena labialis inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the facial vein that drains the lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior labial vein", + "vena labialis superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the facial vein that drains the upper lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labial vein", + "vena labialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins draining the lips of the vulva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labyrinthine vein", + "internal auditory vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the inner ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal vein", + "vena lacrimalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drains the lacrimal gland; empties into the superior ophthalmic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngeal vein", + "vena laryngea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two veins draining the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left gastric vein", + "vena gastrica sinistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from a union of veins from the gastric cardia; runs in the lesser omentum; empties into the portal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingual vein", + "vena lingualis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that receives blood from the tongue and the floor of the mouth and empties into the internal jugular or the facial vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar vein", + "vena lumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the posterior body wall and the lumbar vertebral venous plexuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxillary vein", + "vena maxillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "posterior continuation of the pterygoid plexus; joins the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meningeal veins", + "venae meningeae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins at accompany the meningeal arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesenteric vein", + "vena mesenterica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the portal vein passing from the intestine between the two layers of mesentery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacarpal vein", + "vena metacarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dorsal and palmar veins of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatarsal vein", + "vena metatarsus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dorsal and plantar branches of veins serving the metatarsal region of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculophrenic vein", + "vena musculophrenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the upper abdominal wall and the lower intercostal spaces and the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasofrontal vein", + "vena nasofrontalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein located in the anterior medial part of the orbit; connects the superior ophthalmic with the angular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblique vein of the left atrium", + "vena obliqua atrii sinistri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the coronary sinus; on the posterior wall of the left atrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obturator vein", + "vena obturatoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein formed by the union of tributaries that drain the hip joints and thigh muscles; empties into the internal iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipital vein", + "vena occipitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the occipital region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmic vein", + "vena ophthalmica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two veins that serve the eye; empties into the cavernous sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior ophthalmic vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains a venous network in the floor and medial wall of the eye socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior ophthalmic vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that begins at the inner angle of the eye socket and passes through the superior orbital fissure to empty into the cavernous sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovarian vein", + "vena ovarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the veins that drain the ovaries; the right opens into the inferior vena cava; the left opens into the left renal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine vein", + "vena palatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the region of the palate and empties into the facial vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatic vein", + "venae pancreatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins draining the pancreas and emptying into the superior mesenteric and splenic veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraumbilical vein", + "vena paraumbilicalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small veins arising in skin around the navel; terminate as accessory portal veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parotid vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parotid branches of the facial vein; they drain part of the parotid gland and empty into the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral vein", + "vena pectoralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the pectoral muscles and empty into the subclavian vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perforating vein", + "vena perforantis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that accompany the perforating arteries; drain leg muscles; empty into the deep femoral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericardial vein", + "vena pericardiaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several small veins from the pericardium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroneal vein", + "fibular vein", + "vena peroneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany the peroneal arteries; arising in the heel and running up the back of the leg to join the posterior tibial veins of the popliteal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharyngeal vein", + "vena pharyngeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins from the pharyngeal plexus that empty into the internal jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrenic vein", + "vena phrenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two veins that drain the diaphragm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popliteal vein", + "vena poplitea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein arising in the knee and ascending to become the femoral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of veins that carry blood from the abdominal organs to the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portal vein", + "hepatic portal vein", + "portal", + "vena portae" + ], + "it": [ + "vena porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short vein that carries blood into the liver" + ], + "it": [ + "vena che porta il sangue al fegato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior vein of the left ventricle", + "vena posterior ventriculi sinistri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises near the apex of the heart and empties into the coronary sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepyloric vein", + "vena pylorica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the right gastric vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudendal vein", + "venae pudendum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein of the pudendum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary vein", + "vena pulmonalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of four veins that carry arterial blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior pulmonary vein", + "vena pulmanalis inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two pulmonary veins (left and right) returning blood from the inferior lobes of the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior pulmonary vein", + "vena pulmonalis superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two pulmonary veins (left and right) returning blood from the superior lobes of the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyloric vein", + "right gastric vein", + "vena gastrica-dextra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receives veins from the upper surfaces of the stomach and empties into the portal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial vein", + "vena radialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superficial veins ascending the radial side of the forearm; combines with the ulnar veins to form the brachial vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal vein", + "vena renalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that accompany renal arteries; open into the vena cava at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retromandibular vein", + "vena retromandibularis", + "posterior facial vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "posterior branch of the facial vein; formed by temporal veins in front of the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacral vein", + "vena sacralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein of the sacral region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saphenous vein", + "vena saphena" + ], + "it": [ + "safena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two chief superficial veins of the leg that drain blood from the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long saphenous vein", + "great saphenous vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest vein in the body; runs from foot to the groin where it joins the femoral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short saphenous vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein running from the foot up the back of the leg to the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scleral veins", + "venae sclerales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tributaries of the anterior ciliary veins that drain the sclera of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrotal vein", + "vena scrotalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins passing from the scrotum to the pudendal veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoid vein", + "vena sigmoideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tributaries of the inferior mesenteric vein; drains the sigmoid colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal vein", + "vena spinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splenic vein", + "vena lienalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein formed by several small veins on the surface of the spleen; joins the superior mesenteric to form the portal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stellate venule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star-shaped group of venules in the renal cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternocleidomastoid vein", + "vena sternocleidomastoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drains the sternocleidomastoid muscle; empties into the internal jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylomastoid vein", + "vena stylomastoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that drains the tympanic cavity and empties into the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subclavian vein", + "vena subclavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the axillary vein; joins the internal jugular to form the brachiocephalic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublingual vein", + "vena sublingualis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the lingual vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supraorbital vein", + "vena supraorbitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drains the front of the scalp; unites with the supratrochlear vein to form the angular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supratrochlear vein", + "vena supratrochlearis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drains the front of the scalp; unites with the supraorbital vein to form the angular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal vein", + "vena temporalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins draining the temporal region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep temporal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporal veins that empty into the pterygoid plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle temporal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises near the eye; joins the superficial temporal veins to form the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superficial temporal vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join the middle temporal vein to empty into the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testicular vein", + "vena testicularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein from the testicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalamostriate vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein serving the thalamus and corpus striatum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracoepigastric vein", + "vena thoracoepigastrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein arising from the region of the superficial epigastric vein and opening into the axillary vein or thoracic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior thalamostriate vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long vein that helps to form the internal cerebral vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior thalamostriate vein", + "striate vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tributaries to the basal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic vein", + "vena thoracica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the thoracic walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroid vein", + "vena thyroidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small veins draining blood from the thyroid area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior thyroid vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins on each side that drain the thyroid gland and empty into the innominate vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle thyroid vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein on each side that drains the lateral part of the thyroid and empties into the internal jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior thyroid vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein on each side that drains the upper part of the thyroid and empties into the internal jugular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tibial vein", + "vena tibialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins of the lower leg; empty into the popliteal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracheal vein", + "vena trachealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several small veins from the trachea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanic vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins from the tympanic cavity that empty into the retromandibular vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulnar vein", + "vena ulnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several veins of the forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbilical vein", + "vena umbilicalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uterine vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two veins on each side that arise from the uterine plexus and empty into the internal iliac vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallbladder", + "gall bladder" + ], + "it": [ + "cistifellea", + "colecisti", + "vescichetta biliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscular sac attached to the liver that stores bile (secreted by the liver) until it is needed for digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochondrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper region of the abdomen just below the lowest ribs on either side of the epigastrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver" + ], + "it": [ + "fegato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large and complicated reddish-brown glandular organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity; secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat; synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood; synthesizes vitamin A; detoxifies poisonous substances and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haversian canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the many tiny canals that contain blood vessels and connective tissue and that form a network in bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the five lobes forming the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the duct that drains bile from the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inguinal canal", + "canalis inguinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oblique passage through the lower abdominal wall; in males it is the passage through which the testes descend into the scrotum and it contains the spermatic cord; in females it transmits the round ligament of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common bile duct", + "bile duct" + ], + "it": [ + "coledoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct formed by the hepatic and cystic ducts; opens into the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biliary ductule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excretory ducts of the liver; empty into the hepatic ducts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreas" + ], + "it": [ + "pancreas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large elongated exocrine gland located behind the stomach; secretes pancreatic juice and insulin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatic duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct connecting the pancreas with the intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lung" + ], + "it": [ + "polmone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two saclike respiratory organs in the chest of vertebrates; serves to remove carbon dioxide and provide oxygen to the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lung tissue densely packed with alveoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobe of the lung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three lobes of the right lung or the two lobes of the left lung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleura" + ], + "it": [ + "pleura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal pleura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visceral pleura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleura that covers the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleural cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity in the thorax that contains the lungs and heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleural space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the pleura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart", + "pump", + "ticker" + ], + "it": [ + "cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs; its rhythmic contractions move the blood through the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athlete's heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarged heart commonly found among athletes trained for endurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biauriculate heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heart (as of mammals and birds and reptiles) having two auricles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacemaker", + "cardiac pacemaker", + "sinoatrial node", + "SA node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized bit of heart tissue that controls the heartbeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusp", + "leaflet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin triangular flap of a heart valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable piece of tissue partly connected to the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac muscle", + "heart muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle tissue of the heart; adapted to continued rhythmic contraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papillary muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several muscles associated with the atrioventricular valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrioventricular bundle", + "bundle of His", + "atrioventricular trunk", + "truncus atrioventricularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrioventricular node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a node of specialized heart muscle located in the septal wall of the right atrium; receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to atrioventricular bundle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myocardium" + ], + "it": [ + "miocardio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle muscular layer of the heart wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purkinje fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized cardiac muscle fiber that is part of the Purkinje network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purkinje network", + "Purkinje's tissue", + "Purkinje's system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of Purkinje fibers that carry the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles of the heart and causes them to contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area of cardiac dullness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular area of the front of the chest (determined by percussion); corresponds to the part of the heart not covered by the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventricle", + "heart ventricle" + ], + "it": [ + "ventricolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps it to the arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left ventricle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chamber on the left side of the heart that receives arterial blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right ventricle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chamber on the right side of the heart that receives venous blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricle", + "atrial auricle", + "auricula atrii" + ], + "it": [ + "atrio", + "auricola", + "orecchietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small conical pouch projecting from the upper anterior part of each atrium of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auricula", + "auricular appendage", + "auricular appendix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pouch projecting from the top front of each atrium of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber" + ], + "it": [ + "camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed volume in the body" + ], + "it": [ + "cavità anatomica di piccole dimensioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranial cavity", + "intracranial cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity enclosed by the cranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrium" + ], + "it": [ + "atrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any chamber that is connected to other chambers or passageways (especially one of the two upper chambers of the heart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrium cordis", + "atrium of the heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper chamber of each half of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right atrium", + "right atrium of the heart", + "atrium dextrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary sinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left atrium", + "left atrium of the heart", + "atrium sinistrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitral valve", + "bicuspid valve", + "left atrioventricular valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valve with two cusps; situated between the left atrium and the left ventricle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tricuspid valve", + "right atrioventricular valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valve with three cusps; situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle; allows blood to pass from atrium to ventricle and closes to prevent backflow when the ventricle contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrioventricular valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aortic valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semilunar valve between the left ventricle and the aorta; prevents blood from flowing from the aorta back into the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery; prevents blood from flowing from the artery back into the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semilunar valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heart valve with cusps shaped like half-moons; prevents blood from flowing back into the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart valve", + "cardiac valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valve to control one-way flow of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valve" + ], + "it": [ + "valvola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure in a hollow organ (like the heart) with a flap to insure one-way flow of fluid through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valvule", + "valvelet", + "valvula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach", + "tummy", + "tum", + "breadbasket" + ], + "it": [ + "stomaco", + "pancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigastrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region lying on or over the stomach (just below the sternum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardia" + ], + "it": [ + "cardia", + "cardias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening into the stomach and that part of the stomach connected to the esophagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphatic system", + "systema lymphaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interconnected system of spaces and vessels between body tissues and organs by which lymph circulates throughout the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major duct of the lymphatic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymph vessel", + "lymphatic vessel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vascular duct that carries lymph which is eventually added to the venous blood circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacteal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the lymphatic vessels that convey chyle from the small intestine to the thoracic duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure composed of or provided with blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vessel", + "vas" + ], + "it": [ + "dotto", + "vaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tube in which a body fluid circulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid body substance", + "bodily fluid", + "body fluid", + "humor", + "humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liquid parts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extracellular fluid", + "ECF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid containing proteins and electrolytes including the liquid in blood plasma and interstitial fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstitial fluid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid found between the cells of the body that provides much of the liquid environment of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intracellular fluid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid contained inside the cell membranes (usually containing dissolved solutes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juice", + "succus" + ], + "it": [ + "succo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several liquids of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancer juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milky substance found in certain cancerous growths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karyolymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear liquid in the cell nucleus in which the nucleolus and chromatin and other structures are dispersed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produced by mammary glands of female mammals for feeding their young" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto dalle ghiandole mammarie delle femmine dei mammiferi per nutrire i loro piccoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother's milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk secreted by a woman who has recently given birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colostrum", + "foremilk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milky fluid secreted for the first day or two after parturition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amniotic cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fluid-filled cavity that surrounds the developing embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amniotic fluid", + "amnionic fluid", + "waters" + ], + "it": [ + "liquido amniotico", + "acque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the serous fluid in which the embryo is suspended inside the amnion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood" + ], + "it": [ + "sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma, blood cells, and platelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterial blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood found in arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood group", + "blood type" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo", + "gruppo sanguigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "human blood cells (usually just the red blood cells) that have the same antigens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A", + "type A", + "group A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group whose red cells carry the A antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B", + "type B", + "group B" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group whose red cells carry the B antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "AB", + "type AB", + "group AB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group whose red cells carry both the A and B antigens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O", + "type O", + "group O" + ], + "it": [ + "zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group whose red cells carry neither the A nor B antigens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rh-positive blood type", + "Rh positive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group (approximately 85% of people) whose red cells have the Rh factor (Rh antigen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rh-negative blood type", + "Rh-negative blood", + "Rh negative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood group whose red cells lack the Rh factor (Rh antigen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulated blood from a wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeblood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood considered as the seat of vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodstream", + "blood stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood flowing through the circulatory system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clot", + "coagulum" + ], + "it": [ + "coagulo", + "grumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lump of material formed from the content of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood clot", + "grume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semisolid mass of coagulated red and white blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood obtained from the umbilical cord at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menorrhea", + "menstrual blood", + "menstrual flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow of blood from the uterus; occurs at roughly monthly intervals during a woman's reproductive years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venous blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood found in the veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood that has not been modified except for the addition of an anticoagulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serum", + "blood serum" + ], + "it": [ + "siero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amber, watery fluid, rich in proteins, that separates out when blood coagulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma", + "plasm", + "blood plasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the colorless watery fluid of the blood and lymph that contains no cells, but in which the blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes) are suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiserum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood serum containing antibodies against specific antigens; provides immunity to a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chyle" + ], + "it": [ + "chilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymph" + ], + "it": [ + "linfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin coagulable fluid (similar to plasma but) containing white blood cells (lymphocytes) and chyle; is conveyed to the blood stream by lymphatic vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semen", + "seed", + "seminal fluid", + "ejaculate", + "cum", + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "liquido seminale", + "sborra", + "seme", + "sperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark protective fluid ejected into the water by cuttlefish and other cephalopods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretion" + ], + "it": [ + "secrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a functionally specialized substance (especially one that is not a waste) released from a gland or cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal secretion", + "lachrymal secretion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saline fluid secreted by lacrimal glands; lubricates the surface of the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear", + "teardrop" + ], + "it": [ + "lacrima", + "lagrima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop of the clear salty saline solution secreted by the lacrimal glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrimal apparatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the structures that secrete and drain tears from the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perspiration", + "sweat", + "sudor" + ], + "it": [ + "sudore", + "traspirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salty fluid secreted by sweat glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestive juice", + "digestive fluid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretions that aid digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastric juice", + "gastric acid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digestive secretions of the stomach glands consisting chiefly of hydrochloric acid and mucin and the enzymes pepsin and rennin and lipase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancreatic juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluid secreted into the duodenum by the pancreas; important for breaking down starches and proteins and fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bile", + "gall" + ], + "it": [ + "bile", + "fiele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; aids in the digestion of fats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bile", + "melancholy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humor that was once believed to be secreted by the kidneys or spleen and to cause sadness and melancholy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow bile", + "choler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humor that was once believed to be secreted by the liver and to cause irritability and anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hormone", + "endocrine", + "internal secretion" + ], + "it": [ + "increto", + "ormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue on which it has a specific effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestinal juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretions by glands lining the walls of the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noradrenaline", + "norepinephrine" + ], + "it": [ + "noradrenalina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catecholamine precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and also released at synapses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenocorticotropic hormone", + "adrenocorticotrophic hormone", + "ACTH", + "adrenocorticotropin", + "adrenocorticotrophin", + "corticotropin", + "corticotrophin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epinephrine", + "epinephrin", + "adrenaline", + "Adrenalin" + ], + "it": [ + "adrenalina", + "epinefrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress (trade name Adrenalin); stimulates autonomic nerve action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrointestinal hormone", + "GI hormones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormones that affect gastrointestinal functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polypeptide hormone secreted by the mucous lining of the stomach; when peptides and amino acids are present in the small intestine the secretion of gastric acid is stimulated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholecystokinin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the contraction and emptying of the gall bladder; its release is stimulated by the presence of fatty acids and amino acids in the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates the secretion of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas and bile ducts whenever the stomach empties too much acid into the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghrelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gastrointestinal hormone produced by epithelial cells lining the fundus of the stomach; appears to be a stimulant for appetite and feeding, but is also a strong stimulant of growth hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motilin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gastrointestinal hormone that apparently participates in controlling smooth muscle contractions in the stomach and small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hormone secreted by the pancreas; stimulates increases in blood sugar levels in the blood (thus opposing the action of insulin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonadotropin", + "gonadotrophin", + "gonadotropic hormone", + "gonadotrophic hormone" + ], + "it": [ + "gonadostimolina", + "gonadostimulina", + "gonadotropina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and placenta; stimulates the gonads and controls reproductive activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulin" + ], + "it": [ + "insulina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas; regulates storage of glycogen in the liver and accelerates oxidation of sugar in cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lente Insulin", + "Lente Iletin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade names for forms of insulin that are used to treat diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombinant human insulin", + "Humulin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of insulin (trade name Humulin) made from recombinant DNA that is identical to human insulin; used to treat diabetics who are allergic to preparations made from beef or pork insulin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melatonin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the pineal gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurohormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hormone that is released by nerve impulses (e.g., norepinephrine or vasopressin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxytocin", + "Pitocin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitocin); stimulates contractions of the uterus and ejection of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parathyroid hormone", + "parathormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone synthesized and released into the blood stream by the parathyroid glands; regulates phosphorus and calcium in the body and functions in neuromuscular excitation and blood clotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the corpus luteum during the last days of pregnancy; relaxes the pelvic ligaments and prepares the uterus for labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "releasing hormone", + "RH", + "releasing factor", + "hypothalamic releasing hormone", + "hypothalamic releasing factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hormones produced in the hypothalamus and carried by a vein to the anterior pituitary gland where they stimulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones; each of these hormones causes the anterior pituitary to secrete a specific hormone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somatotropin", + "somatotrophin", + "somatotropic hormone", + "somatotrophic hormone", + "STH", + "human growth hormone", + "growth hormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland; promotes growth in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protropin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of a synthetic human growth hormone given to children deficient in the hormone; use by athletes and weightlifters is banned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thymosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the thymus; stimulates immunological activity of lymphoid tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroid hormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several closely related compounds that are produced by the thyroid gland and are active metabolically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcitonin", + "thyrocalcitonin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thyroid hormone that tends to lower the level of calcium in the blood plasma and inhibit resorption of bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroxine", + "thyroxin", + "tetraiodothyronine", + "T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone produced by the thyroid glands to regulate metabolism by controlling the rate of oxidation in cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triiodothyronine", + "liothyronine", + "T" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thyroid hormone similar to thyroxine but with one less iodine atom per molecule and produced in smaller quantity; exerts the same biological effects as thyroxine but is more potent and briefer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasopressin", + "antidiuretic hormone", + "ADH", + "Pitressin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitressin) and also by nerve endings in the hypothalamus; affects blood pressure by stimulating capillary muscles and reduces urine flow by affecting reabsorption of water by kidney tubules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autacoid", + "autocoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any physiologically active internal secretion especially one of uncertain classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histamine" + ], + "it": [ + "istamina", + "istammina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amine formed from histidine that stimulates gastric secretions and dilates blood vessels; released by the human immune system during allergic reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostaglandin" + ], + "it": [ + "prostaglandina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potent substance that acts like a hormone and is found in many bodily tissues (and especially in semen); produced in response to trauma and may affect blood pressure and metabolism and smooth muscle activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synovia", + "synovial fluid" + ], + "it": [ + "sinovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscid lubricating fluid secreted by the membrane lining joints and tendon sheaths etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mucus", + "mucous secretion" + ], + "it": [ + "moccio", + "mucco", + "muccosità", + "muco", + "mucosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective secretion of the mucus membranes; in the gut it lubricates the passage of food and protects the epithelial cells; in the nose and throat and lungs it can make it difficult for bacteria to penetrate the body through the epithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlegm", + "sputum" + ], + "it": [ + "escreato", + "espettorato", + "scaracchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expectorated matter; saliva mixed with discharges from the respiratory passages; in ancient and medieval physiology it was believed to cause sluggishness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snot" + ], + "it": [ + "moccio", + "moccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nasal mucus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried nasal mucus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saliva", + "spit", + "spittle" + ], + "it": [ + "saliva", + "sputo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear liquid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands and mucous glands of the mouth; moistens the mouth and starts the digestion of starches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salivary duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct through which saliva passes from the salivary gland into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drool", + "dribble", + "drivel", + "slobber" + ], + "it": [ + "bava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saliva spilling from the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saliva colored brown by tobacco (snuff or chewing tobacco)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sebum" + ], + "it": [ + "sebo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oily secretion of the sebaceous glands; with perspiration it moistens and protects the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smegma" + ], + "it": [ + "smegma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white secretion of the sebaceous glands of the foreskin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lochia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substance discharged from the vagina (cellular debris and mucus and blood) that gradually decreases in amount during the weeks following childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pus", + "purulence", + "suppuration", + "ichor", + "sanies", + "festering" + ], + "it": [ + "marciume", + "materia", + "pus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluid product of inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin morbid discharge as from a wound or especially chronic gonorrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukorrhea", + "leucorrhea" + ], + "it": [ + "leucorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge of white mucous material from the vagina; often an indication of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "vaso sanguigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vessel in which blood circulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ductus arteriosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent ductus arteriosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ductus arteriosus that failed to close at birth; may require surgical correction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasa vasorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small blood vessel ramifying on the outside of a major artery or vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein", + "vena", + "venous blood vessel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venation", + "venous blood system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(zoology) the system of venous blood vessels in an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varicose vein" + ], + "it": [ + "varice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that is permanently dilated; most common in the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena bulbi penis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein of the head of the penis; tributary of the internal pudendal vein that drains the perineum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena canaliculi cochleae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein of the cochlear canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein of penis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein serving the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae dorsales penis superficiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superficial dorsal veins of the penis; paired tributaries of the external pudendal veins on each side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae dorsales penis profunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep dorsal vein of the penis; tributary of the prostatic plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena profunda penis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep vein of the penis; enters the prostatic plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena bulbi vestibuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vein of the vestibular bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena cava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two large veins that return oxygen-depleted blood to the right atrium of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior vena cava", + "postcava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart; formed from the union of the two iliac veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior vena cava", + "precava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart; formed from the azygos and both brachiocephalic veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae profundae clitoridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep veins of the clitoris; join the vesical plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vena dorsalis clitoridis profunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep dorsal vein of the clitoris; tributary of the vesical venous plexus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae dorsales clitoridis superficiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superficial dorsal veins of the clitoris; tributaries of the external pudendal vein on either side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae palpebrales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins of the eyelids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae interlobulares renis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interlobular veins of the kidney; receive blood from the arcuate vein and empty into the renal veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae interlobulares hepatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interlobular veins of the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae renis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins of the kidney; drain the kidney into the renal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae labiales anteriores", + "anterior labial veins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins from the labia majora to the external pudendal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venae labiales posteriores", + "posterior labial veins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that pass posterior from the labia majora to the internal pudendal vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulging body part (as the belly of a muscle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the womb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventral root", + "ventral horn", + "anterior root", + "anterior horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two the two roots of a spinal nerve that passes ventrally from the spinal cord and that consists of motor fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebral vein", + "vena vertebralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein that goes through the foramina of the cervical vertebrae and forms a plexus around the vertebral artery; empties into the brachiocephalic vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesical vein", + "vena vesicalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the vesical plexus and join the internal iliac veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibular vein", + "vena vestibularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veins that drain the saccule and utricle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vortex vein", + "vorticose vein", + "vena vorticosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vein formed by branches from the back surface of the eye and the ciliary body; empties into the ophthalmic veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capillary", + "capillary vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "capillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the minute blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venule", + "venula", + "capillary vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute vein continuous with a capillary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membrane", + "tissue layer" + ], + "it": [ + "membrana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pliable sheet of tissue that covers or lines or connects the organs or cells of animals or plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retina" + ], + "it": [ + "retina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ganglion cell", + "gangliocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve cell whose body is outside the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcolemma" + ], + "it": [ + "sarcolemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensible membrane enclosing the contractile substance of a muscle fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peritoneum" + ], + "it": [ + "peritoneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transparent membrane that lines the abdominal cavity in mammals and covers most of the viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peritoneal cavity", + "greater peritoneal sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interior of the peritoneum; a potential space between layers of the peritoneum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bursa omentalis", + "omental bursa", + "lesser peritoneal cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isolated part of the peritoneal cavity that is dorsal to the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocardium" + ], + "it": [ + "endocardio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the membrane that lines the cavities of the heart and forms part of the heart valves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericardium" + ], + "it": [ + "pericardio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serous membrane with two layers that surrounds the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicardium", + "visceral pericardium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost of the two layers of the pericardium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal pericardium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tough outermost layer of the pericardium that is attached to the diaphragm and the sternum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericardial cavity", + "pericardial space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between the layers of the pericardium that contains fluid that lubricates the membrane surfaces and allows easy heart movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesentery" + ], + "it": [ + "mesentere", + "mesenterio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesocolon" + ], + "it": [ + "mesocolon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mesentery that holds the lower colon to the dorsal abdominal wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omentum" + ], + "it": [ + "epiploo", + "epiploon", + "omento", + "zirbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fold of peritoneum supporting the viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater omentum", + "gastrocolic omentum", + "caul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and to the colon and covering the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser omentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and liver and supporting the hepatic vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the connective tissue beneath mucous membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymph node", + "lymph gland", + "node" + ], + "it": [ + "ganglio linfatico", + "linfoghiandola", + "linfonodo", + "nel primo caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of lymph and lymphocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axillary node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the lymph glands of the armpit; fights infections in the neck and chest and arm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peyer's patch", + "Peter's gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several lymph nodes in the walls of the intestines near the junction of the ileum and colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somatic cell", + "vegetative cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoplastic cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that is part of tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancer cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that is part of a malignant tumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of undifferentiated cells from which an organ or body part develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energid", + "protoplast" + ], + "it": [ + "protoplasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biological unit consisting of a nucleus and the body of cytoplasm with which it interacts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nucleus of the ovum or sperm after fertilization but before they fuse to form the nucleus of the zygote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygote", + "fertilized ovum" + ], + "it": [ + "zigote", + "zigoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the diploid cell resulting from the union of a haploid spermatozoon and ovum (including the organism that develops from that cell)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterozygote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism having two different alleles of a particular gene and so giving rise to varying offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homozygote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) an organism having two identical alleles of a particular gene and so breeding true for the particular characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parthenote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell resulting from parthenogenesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoplasm", + "living substance" + ], + "it": [ + "protoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the substance of a living cell (including cytoplasm and nucleus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytoplasm", + "cytol" + ], + "it": [ + "citoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus; is full of proteins that control cell metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytoplast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intact cytoplasmic content of a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytoskeleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytosol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which various particles and organelles are suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectoplasm" + ], + "it": [ + "ectoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer granule-free layer of cytoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoplasm" + ], + "it": [ + "endoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner portion of the cytoplasm of a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyaloplasm", + "ground substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clear nongranular portion of the cytoplasm of a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organelle found in the cytoplasm of most cells (especially in leukocytes and liver and kidney cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny granule in the cytoplasm that is where protein synthesis takes place under the direction of mRNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golgi body", + "Golgi apparatus", + "Golgi complex", + "dictyosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleoplasm", + "karyoplasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the protoplasm that constitutes the nucleus of a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleus", + "cell nucleus", + "karyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleolus", + "nucleole" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small round body of protein in a cell nucleus; such organelles contain RNA and are involved in protein synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleolus organizer", + "nucleolus organiser", + "nucleolar organizer", + "nucleolar organiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ plasm", + "plasm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the protoplasm of the germ cells that contains chromosomes and genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex chromatin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chromatin found only in female cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatin", + "chromatin granule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromatin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a cell nucleus that is relatively uncolored by stains or dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete term for the network of viscous material in the cell nucleus on which the chromatin granules were thought to be suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gene", + "cistron", + "factor" + ], + "it": [ + "gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominant gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gene that produces the same phenotype in the organism whether or not its allele identical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allele", + "allelomorph" + ], + "it": [ + "allele", + "allelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) either of a pair (or series) of alternative forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a particular chromosome and that control the same character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominant allele", + "dominant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recessive allele", + "recessive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic marker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific gene that produces a recognizable trait and can be used in family or population studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeotic gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one the genes that are involved in embryologic development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeobox", + "homeobox gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of various similar homeotic genes that are involved in bodily segmentation during embryonic development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lethal gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any gene that has an effect that causes the death of the organism at any stage of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage group", + "linked genes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pair of genes that tend to be transmitted together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modifier", + "modifier gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that modifies the effect produced by another gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutant gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that has changed so that the normal transmission and expression of a trait is affected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haplotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a combination of alleles (for different genes) that are located closely together on the same chromosome and that tend to be inherited together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cystic fibrosis transport regulator", + "CFTR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gene that is mutated in cystic fibrosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonallele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genes that are not competitors at the same locus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operator gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that activates the production of messenger RNA by adjacent structural genes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oncogene", + "transforming gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that disposes normal cells to change into cancerous tumor cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that by itself has little effect on the phenotype but which can act together with others to produce observable variations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proto-oncogene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a normal gene that has the potential to become an oncogene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recessive gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gene that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its allele is identical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulatory gene", + "regulator gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that produces a repressor substance that inhibits an operator gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repressor gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gene that prevents a nonallele from being transcribed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that controls the production of a specific protein or peptide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppressor", + "suppresser", + "suppressor gene", + "suppresser gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exogenous gene introduced into the genome of another organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumor suppressor gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suppressor gene that blocks unscheduled cell division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-linked gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene located on an X chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Y-linked gene", + "holandric gene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gene located on a Y chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromosome" + ], + "it": [ + "cromosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "XX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) normal complement of sex chromosomes in a female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "XXX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) abnormal complement of three X chromosomes in a female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "XXY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male resulting in Klinefelter's syndrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "XY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) normal complement of sex hormones in a male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "XYY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male who has two Y chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Y chromosome" + ], + "it": [ + "cromosoma Y" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sex chromosome that is carried by men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autosome", + "somatic chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two identical strands into which a chromosome splits during mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centromere", + "kinetochore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acentric chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromosome lacking a centromere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrocentric chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromosome with the centromere near one end so that one chromosomal arm is short and one is long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karyotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of the chromosomal makeup of a somatic cell in an individual or species (including the number and arrangement and size and structure of the chromosomes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacentric chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromosome having two equal arms because the centromere is in median position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telocentric chromosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chromosome like a straight rod with the centromere in terminal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitochondrion", + "chondriosome" + ], + "it": [ + "condrioma", + "condriosoma", + "mitocondrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mitochondrion in a striated muscle fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organelle", + "cell organelle", + "cell organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "star-shaped structure formed in the cytoplasm of a cell having fibers like rays that surround the centrosome during mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of small cylindrical cell organelles near the nucleus in animal cells; composed of nine triplet microtubules and form the asters during mitosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organelle in the cytoplasm of a living cell; they attach to mRNA and move down it one codon at a time and then stop until tRNA brings the required amino acid; when it reaches a stop codon it falls apart and releases the completed protein molecule for use by the cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrosome", + "central body" + ], + "it": [ + "centrosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus; contains the centrioles and serves to organize the microtubules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcoplasm" + ], + "it": [ + "sarcoplasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuole" + ], + "it": [ + "vacuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclera", + "sclerotic coat" + ], + "it": [ + "sclera", + "sclerotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whitish fibrous membrane (albuginea) that with the cornea forms the outer covering and protection of the eyeball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semipermeable membrane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membrane (as a cell membrane) that allows some molecules to pass through but not others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that is part of a bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryonic cell", + "formative cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of an embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undifferentiated embryonic cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ameloblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell from which tooth enamel develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoblast", + "bone-forming cell" + ], + "it": [ + "osteoblasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell from which bone develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erythroblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleated cell in bone marrow from which red blood cells develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibroblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell from which connective tissue develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell from which a nerve cell develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature leukocyte normally found in bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myeloblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precursor of leukocytes that normally occurs only in bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideroblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erythroblast having granules of ferritin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megakaryocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bone marrow cell; regarded as the source of blood platelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteoclast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell that functions in the breakdown and resorption of bone tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature bone cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood cell", + "blood corpuscle", + "corpuscle" + ], + "it": [ + "globulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two types of cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) and sometimes including platelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "akaryocyte", + "akaryote", + "acaryote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalocyte", + "macrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally large red blood cell (associated with pernicious anemia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaloblast" + ], + "it": [ + "megaloblasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally large red blood cell present in pernicious anemia and folic acid deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leukocyte", + "leucocyte", + "white blood cell", + "white cell", + "white blood corpuscle", + "white corpuscle", + "WBC" + ], + "it": [ + "leucocita", + "leucocito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood cells that engulf and digest bacteria and fungi; an important part of the body's defense system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packed cells" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation of blood cells separated from the liquid plasma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histiocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a macrophage that is found in connective tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrophage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large phagocyte; some are fixed and other circulate in the blood stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phagocyte", + "scavenger cell" + ], + "it": [ + "fagocito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that engulfs and digests debris and invading microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed phagocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phagocyte that does not circulate in the blood but is fixed in the liver or spleen or bone marrow etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free phagocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phagocyte that circulates in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphocyte", + "lymph cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agranulocytic leukocyte that normally makes up a quarter of the white blood cell count but increases in the presence of infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B cell", + "B lymphocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lymphocyte derived from bone marrow that provides humoral immunity; it recognizes free antigen molecules in solution and matures into plasma cells that secrete immunoglobulin (antibodies) that inactivate the antigens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T cell", + "T lymphocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lymphocyte developed in the thymus; it orchestrates the immune system's response to infected or malignant cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helper T cell", + "helper cell", + "CD4 T cell", + "CD4 cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "T cell with CD4 receptor that recognizes antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and secretes lymphokines that stimulate B cells and killer T cells; helper T cells are infected and killed by the AIDS virus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killer T cell", + "killer cell", + "cytotoxic T cell", + "CD8 T cell", + "CD8 cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "T cell with CD8 receptor that recognizes antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and binds to the infected cell and kill it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lymphoblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature lymphocyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma cell", + "plasmacyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen; found in bone marrow and sometimes in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmablast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the precursor of a plasma cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leukocyte that has granules in its cytoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of granular leukocyte that functions in the ingestion of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monoblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large immature monocyte normally found in bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basophil", + "basophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leukocyte with basophilic granules easily stained by basic stains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutrophil", + "neutrophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief phagocytic leukocyte; stains with either basic or acid dyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microphage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutrophil that ingests small things (as bacteria)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eosinophil", + "eosinophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leukocyte readily stained with eosin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red blood cell", + "RBC", + "erythrocyte" + ], + "it": [ + "emazia", + "eritrocita", + "eritrocito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mature blood cell that contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the bodily tissues; a biconcave disc that has no nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acanthocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal red blood cell that has thorny projections of protoplasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcyte" + ], + "it": [ + "microcita", + "microcito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally small red blood cell (less than 5 microns in diameter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature red blood cell containing a network of filaments or granules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sickle cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal red blood cell that has a crescent shape and an abnormal form of hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siderocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal red blood cell containing granules of iron not bound in hemoglobin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal spherical red blood cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal red blood cell with the appearance of a dark ring surrounding a dark center; associated with anemia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fovea", + "fovea centralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "area consisting of a small depression in the retina containing cones and where vision is most acute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parafovea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "area of the retina immediately surrounding the fovea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macula", + "macula lutea", + "macular area", + "yellow spot" + ], + "it": [ + "macula lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small yellowish central area of the retina that is rich in cones and that mediates clear detailed vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the cells of the retina that is sensitive to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind spot", + "optic disc", + "optic disk" + ], + "it": [ + "punto cieco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point where the optic nerve enters the retina; not sensitive to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone", + "cone cell", + "retinal cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual receptor cell in the retina that is sensitive to bright light and to color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rod", + "rod cell", + "retinal rod" + ], + "it": [ + "bastoncello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual receptor cell that is sensitive to dim light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat cell", + "adipose cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cells composed of fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproductive cell", + "germ cell", + "sex cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamete" + ], + "it": [ + "gamete", + "se maschile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anisogamete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of unlike gametes especially those unlike in size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isogamete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of conjugating gametes of the same size and structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sperm", + "sperm cell", + "spermatozoon", + "spermatozoan" + ], + "it": [ + "nemasperma", + "nemaspermio", + "spermatozoide", + "spermatozoo", + "spermio", + "zoospermio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male reproductive cell; the male gamete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrosome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process at the anterior end of a sperm cell that produces enzymes to facilitate penetration of the egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovum", + "egg cell" + ], + "it": [ + "ovulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the female reproductive cell; the female gamete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ootid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature ovum after penetration by sperm but before the formation of a zygote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small or immature ovum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature animal or plant cell that develops into a gamete by meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oocyte" + ], + "it": [ + "oocita", + "ovocita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female gametocyte that develops into an ovum after two meiotic divisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatocele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swelling on the epididymis or the testis; usually contains spermatozoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male gametocyte that develops into four spermatids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature gamete produced by a spermatocyte; develops into a spermatozoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle cell", + "muscle fiber", + "muscle fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated contractile cell that forms the muscles of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leydig cell", + "Leydig's cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell in the testes that secretes the hormone testosterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sertoli cell", + "Sertoli's cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis; apparently they nourish the spermatids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striated muscle cell", + "striated muscle fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated contractile cell in striated muscle tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myofibril", + "myofibrilla", + "sarcostyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many contractile filaments that make up a striated muscle fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcomere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the segments into which a myofibril is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle tissue that does not appear striated under the microscope; has the form of thin layers or sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth muscle", + "involuntary muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that contracts without conscious control and found in walls of internal organs such as stomach and intestine and bladder and blood vessels (excluding the heart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth muscle cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cells of the smooth muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immune system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema immunitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing the immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integumentary system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skin and its appendages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticuloendothelial system", + "RES" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed system consisting of all the cells able to ingest bacteria or colloidal particles etc, except for certain white blood cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mononuclear phagocyte system", + "MPS", + "system of macrophages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed system of free and fixed macrophages derived from bone marrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscular structure", + "musculature", + "muscle system" + ], + "it": [ + "muscolatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscular system of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculoskeletal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nervous system", + "systema nervosum" + ], + "it": [ + "nervatura", + "sistema nervoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neural structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that is part of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflex arc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the neural path of a reflex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre", + "nerve center", + "nerve centre" + ], + "it": [ + "centro nervoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of nerve cells governing a specific bodily process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the brain (in a fold of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe on both sides of the brain) that receives impulses from the ear by way of the auditory nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve fiber", + "nerve fibre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threadlike extension of a nerve cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medullated nerve fiber", + "myelinated nerve fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve fiber encased in a sheath of myelin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranvier's nodes", + "nodes of Ranvier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small gaps in the myelin sheath of medullated axons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medullary sheath", + "myelin sheath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of myelin encasing (and insulating) the axons of medullated nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurolemma", + "neurilemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schwann cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cell that covers the nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system and forms the myelin sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve fiber that terminates on a muscle or gland and stimulates contraction or secretion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized structure at the peripheral end of some motor or sensory nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve cell", + "neuron" + ], + "it": [ + "neurocito", + "neurone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve cell in the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golgi's cell", + "Golgi cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neuron in the cerebral cortex with short dendrites and with either a long axon or a short axon that ramifies in the grey matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purkinje cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large densely branching neuron that is the characteristic cell of the cerebellar cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end-plate", + "endplate", + "motor end plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flattened end of a motor neuron that transmits neural impulses to a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osmoreceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensory end organ that responds to changes in osmotic pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor neuron", + "efferent neuron", + "motor nerve fiber", + "motoneuron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory neuron", + "afferent neuron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroglia", + "glia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sustentacular tissue that surrounds and supports neurons in the central nervous system; glial and neural cells together compose the tissue of the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurogliacyte", + "neuroglial cell", + "glial cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of the neuroglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astroglia", + "macroglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue consisting of large stellate neuroglial cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comparatively large neuroglial cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrous astrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "star-shaped cells with long processes; found in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoplasmic astrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of astrocyte found in the grey matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neuroglial tissue of mesodermal origin that can become phagocytic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microgliacyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of the microglia that may become phagocytic and collect waste products of nerve tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligodendroglia", + "oligodendria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue consisting of glial cells with sheetlike processes that form the myelin sheath of nerve fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligodendrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of the oligodendroglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axon", + "axone" + ], + "it": [ + "assone", + "axone", + "cilindrasse", + "palancola", + "tavolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve ending", + "nerve end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal structure of an axon that does not end at a synapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free nerve ending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopic sensory nerve endings in the skin that are not connected to any specific sensory receptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacinian corpuscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized bulblike nerve ending located in the subcutaneous tissue of the skin; occurs abundantly in the skin of palms and soles and joints and genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprioceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special nerve endings in the muscles and tendons and other organs that respond to stimuli regarding the position and movement of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dendrite" + ], + "it": [ + "dendrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short fiber that conducts toward the cell body of the neuron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybridoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hybrid cell resulting from the fusion of a lymphocyte and a tumor cell; used to culture a specific monoclonal antibody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process", + "outgrowth", + "appendage" + ], + "it": [ + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caruncle", + "caruncula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outgrowth on a plant or animal such as a fowl's wattle or a protuberance near the hilum of certain seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle", + "lappet" + ], + "it": [ + "barbiglio", + "bargiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleshy wrinkled and often brightly colored fold of skin hanging from the neck or throat of certain birds (chickens and turkeys) or lizards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round bump on a bone where it forms a joint with another bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condylar process", + "condyloid process", + "mandibular condyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the condyle of the ramus of the mandible that articulates with the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronoid process", + "processus coronoideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp triangular process projecting from a bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronoid process of the mandible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coronoid process that provides an attachment for the temporal muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral condyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condyle on the outer side of the lower extremity of the femur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medial condyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condyle on the inner side of the lower extremity of the femur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicondyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection on a bone above a condyle serving for the attachment of muscles and ligaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral epicondyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epicondyle near the lateral condyle of the femur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fimbria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin projections forming a fringe (especially around the ovarian end of the Fallopian tube)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apophysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a natural outgrowth or projection on an organ or body part such as the process of a vertebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spicule", + "spiculum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pointed structure serving as a skeletal element in various marine and freshwater invertebrates e.g. sponges and corals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small abnormal bony outgrowth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papilla" + ], + "it": [ + "papilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small projection of tissue at the base of a hair or tooth or feather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papilla" + ], + "it": [ + "papilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small nipple-shaped protuberance concerned with taste, touch, or smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synapse" + ], + "it": [ + "sinapsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the junction between two neurons (axon-to-dendrite) or between a neuron and a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuromuscular junction", + "myoneural junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve", + "nervus" + ], + "it": [ + "nervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor nerve", + "efferent nerve", + "efferent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve that conveys impulses toward or to muscles or glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor fiber", + "efferent fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the muscles or glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory nerve", + "afferent nerve", + "afferent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve that passes impulses from receptors toward or to the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory fiber", + "afferent fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemniscus", + "fillet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of sensory nerve fibers going to the thalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber bundle", + "fibre bundle", + "fascicle", + "fasciculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of fibers (especially nerve fibers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve pathway", + "tract", + "nerve tract", + "pathway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of myelinated nerve fibers following a path through the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the brain or spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 12 paired nerves that originate in the brain stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressor", + "depressor nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any nerve whose activity tends to reduce the activity or tone of the body part it serves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peduncle", + "cerebral peduncle" + ], + "it": [ + "peduncolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bundle of myelinated neurons joining different parts of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemisphere", + "cerebral hemisphere" + ], + "it": [ + "emisfero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either half of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left hemisphere", + "left brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cerebral hemisphere to the left of the corpus callosum that controls the right half of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyriform area", + "piriform area", + "pyriform lobe", + "piriform lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pear-shaped neural structure on either side of the brain in the rhinencephalon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right hemisphere", + "right brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cerebral hemisphere to the right of the corpus callosum that controls the left half of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinencephalon", + "olfactory brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center in the cerebral hemispheres that governs the sense of smell in lower animals; in humans it seems to mediate complex emotional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olfactory nerve", + "nervii olfactorii", + "first cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collective term for numerous olfactory filaments in the nasal mucosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olfactory bulb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two enlargements at the terminus of the olfactory nerve at the base of the brain just above the nasal cavities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optic nerve", + "nervus opticus", + "second cranial nerve", + "optic tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cranial nerve that serves the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oculomotor", + "oculomotor nerve", + "nervus oculomotorius", + "third cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplies extrinsic muscles of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trochlear", + "trochlear nerve", + "trochlearis", + "fourth cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two cranial nerves on either side that control the superior oblique muscles of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigeminal", + "trigeminal nerve", + "trigeminus", + "nervus trigeminus", + "fifth cranial nerve" + ], + "it": [ + "trigemino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main sensory nerve of the face and motor nerve for the muscles of mastication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abducent", + "abducent nerve", + "abducens", + "abducens nerve", + "nervus abducens", + "sixth cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small motor nerve supplying the lateral rectus muscle of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial", + "facial nerve", + "nervus facialis", + "seventh cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cranial nerve that supplies facial muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic nerve", + "auditory nerve", + "vestibulocochlear nerve", + "nervus vestibulocochlearis", + "eighth cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composite sensory nerve supplying the hair cells of the vestibular organ and the hair cells of the cochlea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossopharyngeal nerve", + "nervus glossopharyngeus", + "ninth cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensory nerve to the pharynx and back of the tongue; motor fibers innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx; includes parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagus", + "vagus nerve", + "nervus vagus", + "pneumogastric", + "pneumogastric nerve", + "tenth cranial nerve", + "wandering nerve" + ], + "it": [ + "vago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory nerve", + "spinal accessory", + "nervus accessorius", + "eleventh cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from two sets of roots (cranial and spinal) that unite to form the nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypoglossal", + "hypoglossal nerve", + "nervus hypoglosus", + "twelfth cranial nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplies intrinsic muscles of the tongue and other tongue muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central nervous system", + "CNS", + "systema nervosum centrale" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema nervoso centrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain", + "encephalon" + ], + "it": [ + "cervello", + "encefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neencephalon", + "neoencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the brain having the most recent phylogenetic origin; the cerebral cortex and related parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neopallium", + "neocortex" + ], + "it": [ + "neocorteccia", + "neocortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortical part of the neencephalon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archipallium", + "paleocortex" + ], + "it": [ + "paleocorteccia", + "paleocortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the olfactory cortex of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the hindbrain that develops into the pons and the cerebellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleencephalon", + "paleoencephalon", + "palaeencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the more primitive parts of the brain phylogenetically; most structures other than the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leptomeninges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the two innermost layers of the meninges; cerebrospinal fluid circulates between these innermost layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dura mater", + "dura" + ], + "it": [ + "duramadre", + "pachimeninge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost (and toughest) of the 3 meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arachnoid", + "arachnoid membrane" + ], + "it": [ + "aracnoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the 3 meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pia mater" + ], + "it": [ + "piamadre", + "pia madre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highly vascular innermost of the 3 meninges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subarachnoid space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space in the meninges beneath the arachnoid membrane and above the pia mater that contains the cerebrospinal fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuropil", + "neuropile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complex network of unmyelinated axones, dendrites, and glial branches that form the bulk of the central nervous system's grey matter and in which nerve cell bodies are embedded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey matter", + "gray matter", + "grey substance", + "gray substance", + "substantia grisea" + ], + "it": [ + "materia grigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish nervous tissue containing cell bodies as well as fibers; forms the cerebral cortex consisting of unmyelinated neurons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white matter", + "substantia alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish nervous tissue of the CNS consisting of neurons and their myelin sheaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pituitary", + "pituitary gland", + "pituitary body", + "hypophysis" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiandola pituitaria", + "ipofisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the master gland of the endocrine system; located at the base of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypophyseal stalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the funnel-shaped stalk connecting the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior pituitary", + "anterior pituitary gland", + "adenohypophysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior lobe of the pituitary body; primarily glandular in nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pars distilis", + "pars anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior part of the anterior pituitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pars intermedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin piece of tissue that has become part of the posterior pituitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior pituitary", + "posterior pituitary gland", + "neurohypophysis", + "pars nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior lobe of the pituitary body; primarily glandular in nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pineal gland", + "pineal body", + "epiphysis cerebri", + "epiphysis" + ], + "it": [ + "epifisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small endocrine gland in the brain; situated beneath the back part of the corpus callosum; secretes melatonin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "islands of Langerhans", + "isles of Langerhans", + "islets of Langerhans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell clusters in the pancreas that form the endocrine part of that organ; secrete insulin and other hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebellum" + ], + "it": [ + "cervelletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major division of the vertebrate brain; situated above the medulla oblongata and beneath the cerebrum in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebellar hemisphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two lateral lobes of the cerebellum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentate nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large laminar nucleus of grey matter within the white matter of each cerebral hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermis", + "vermis cerebelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the narrow central part of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleocerebellum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior lobe of the cerebellum which was one of the earliest parts of the hindbrain to develop in mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral cortex", + "cerebral mantle", + "pallium", + "cortex" + ], + "it": [ + "corteccia cerebrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of unmyelinated neurons (the grey matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortical area", + "cortical region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various regions of the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association area", + "association cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cortical areas that are neither motor or sensory but are thought to be involved in higher processing of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geniculate body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four small oval masses that protrude slightly from the underside of the thalamus and function as synaptic centers on the way to the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral geniculate body", + "corpus geniculatum laterale", + "lateral geniculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neural structure that serves as a processing station on the way from the retina to the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medial geniculate body", + "corpus geniculatum mediale", + "medial geniculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neural structure that serves as the last of a series of processing centers along the auditory pathway from the cochlea to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory area", + "auditory cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortical area that receives auditory information from the medial geniculate body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Broca's area", + "Broca's center", + "Broca's gyrus", + "Broca's convolution", + "convolution of Broca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motor speech center in the left hemisphere of the brain in most people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brodmann's area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the cortical areas mapped out on the basis of its cytoarchitecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipital gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language area", + "language zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cortical area (in the left hemisphere in most people) containing all the centers associated with language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor area", + "motor region", + "motor cortex", + "Rolando's area", + "excitable area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortical area that influences motor movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the areas of the brain that process and register incoming sensory information and make possible the conscious awareness of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensorimotor area", + "sensorimotor region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of the cortex including the precentral gyrus and the postcentral gyrus and combining sensory and motor functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual area", + "visual cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortical area that receives information from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wernicke's area", + "Wernicke's center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the auditory word center; located in the posterior part of the superior temporal convolution in most people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortex" + ], + "it": [ + "buccia", + "corteccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure in plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medulla" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner part of an organ or structure in plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenal cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortex of the adrenal gland; secretes corticosterone and sex hormones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renal cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cortex of the kidney containing the glomeruli and the convoluted tubules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenal medulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medulla of the adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus callosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad transverse nerve tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramidal tract", + "pyramidal motor system", + "corticospinal tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the important motor nerves on each side of the central nervous system that run from the sensorimotor areas of the cortex through the brainstem to motor neurons of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ventral root of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anterior portion of the brain consisting of two hemispheres; dominant part of the brain in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "plica" + ], + "it": [ + "piega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folded part (as in skin or muscle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyrus", + "convolution" + ], + "it": [ + "circonvoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two gyri on either side of the central sulcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precentral gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the convolution of the frontal lobe that is bounded in back by the central sulcus and that contains the motor area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precordium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the external surface of the body overlying the heart and stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postcentral gyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the convolution of parietal lobe that is bounded in front by the central sulcus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobe" + ], + "it": [ + "lobo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a somewhat rounded subdivision of a bodily organ or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobule" + ], + "it": [ + "lobulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lobe or subdivision of a lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal lobe", + "frontal cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying directly behind the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefrontal lobe", + "prefrontal cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior part of the frontal lobe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal lobe", + "parietal cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying below the crown of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipital lobe", + "occipital cortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying in the back of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striate cortex", + "striate area", + "first visual area", + "area 17 of Brodmann", + "Brodmann's area 17" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the occipital cortex that receives the fibers of the optic radiation from the lateral geniculate body and is the primary receptive area for vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal lobe", + "temporal ccortex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying inside the temples of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medulla oblongata", + "medulla", + "bulb" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo", + "midollo allungato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower or hindmost part of the brain; continuous with spinal cord; (`bulb' is an old term for medulla oblongata)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amygdala", + "amygdaloid nucleus", + "corpus amygdaloideum" + ], + "it": [ + "amigdala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an almond-shaped neural structure in the anterior part of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum; intimately connected with the hypothalamus and the hippocampus and the cingulate gyrus; as part of the limbic system it plays an important role in motivation and emotional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forebrain", + "prosencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior portion of the brain; the part of the brain that develops from the anterior part of the neural tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hippocampus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex neural structure (shaped like a sea horse) consisting of grey matter and located on the floor of each lateral ventricle; intimately involved in motivation and emotion as part of the limbic system; has a central role in the formation of memories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cingulate gyrus", + "gyrus cinguli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long curved structure on the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres; the cortical part of the limbic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anterior division of the forebrain; the cerebrum and related parts of the hypothalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diencephalon", + "interbrain", + "betweenbrain", + "thalmencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior division of the forebrain; connects the cerebral hemispheres with the mesencephalon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal ganglion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several masses of subcortical grey matter at the base of each cerebral hemisphere that seem to be involved in the regulation of voluntary movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caudate nucleus", + "caudate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tail-shaped basal ganglion located in a lateral ventricle of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claustrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of grey matter in the brain adjacent to the lenticular nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenticular nucleus", + "lentiform nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basal ganglion shaped like a lens and including the outer reddish putamen and the inner pale yellow pallidum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallidum", + "globus pallidus", + "paleostriatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner pale yellow part of the lenticular nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putamen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer reddish part of the lenticular nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subthalamic nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oval mass of grey matter located in the caudal part of the subthalamus; associated with the striate body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limbic system", + "visceral brain", + "limbic brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of functionally related neural structures in the brain that are involved in emotional behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subthalamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ventral part of the thalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large egg-shaped structures of grey matter that form the dorsal subdivision of the diencephalon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothalamus" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotalamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus striatum", + "striatum", + "striate body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striped mass of white and grey matter located in front of the thalamus in each cerebral hemisphere; consists of the caudate nucleus and the lenticular nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midbrain", + "mesencephalon" + ], + "it": [ + "mesencefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle portion of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substantia nigra", + "nucleus niger", + "locus niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of deeply pigmented grey matter in the midbrain; associated with the striate body; is involved in metabolic disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease and with Huntington's disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior colliculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential visual center between the retina and the striate cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior colliculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essential auditory center in the midbrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindbrain", + "rhombencephalon" + ], + "it": [ + "rombencefalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior portion of the brain including cerebellum and brainstem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myelencephalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior part of the hindbrain in developing vertebrates; forms the medulla oblongata in adults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pons", + "pons Varolii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of nerve fibers linking the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with the midbrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainstem", + "brain-stem", + "brain stem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the brain continuous with the spinal cord and comprising the medulla oblongata and pons and midbrain and parts of the hypothalamus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fine network (especially one in the body composed of cells or blood vessels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neural network", + "neural net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any network of neurons or nuclei that function together to perform some function in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticular formation", + "RF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex neural network in the central core of the brainstem; monitors the state of the body and functions in such processes as arousal and sleep and attention and muscle tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticular activating system", + "RAS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the network in the reticular formation that serves an alerting or arousal function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventricle" + ], + "it": [ + "ventricolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four connected cavities in the brain; is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord and contains cerebrospinal fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourth ventricle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular ventricle between the third ventricle and the central canal of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third ventricle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow ventricle in the midplane below the corpus callosum; communicates with the fourth ventricle via the Sylvian aqueduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral ventricle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two horseshoe-shaped ventricles one in each cerebral hemisphere; they communicate with the third ventricle via the foramen of Monro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cerebral aqueduct", + "Sylvian aqueduct", + "aqueductus cerebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radial arrangement of nerve fibers connecting different parts of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal cord", + "medulla spinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo spinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major part of the central nervous system which conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses to and from the brain; a long tubelike structure extending from the base of the brain through the vertebral canal to the upper lumbar region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal fluid", + "cerebrospinal fluid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear liquid produced in the ventricles of the brain; fills and protects cavities in the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peripheral nervous system", + "systema nervosum periphericum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of the nervous system lying outside the brain and spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autonomic nervous system", + "ANS" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema neurovegetativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radial nerve", + "nervus radialis", + "musculospiral nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest branch of the brachial plexus; extends down the humerus to the lateral epicondyle where it divides into one branch that goes to the skin on the back of the hand and another that goes to the underlying extensor muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathetic nervous system" + ], + "it": [ + "simpatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originates in the thoracic regions of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the parasympathetic: reduces digestive secretions; speeds the heart; contracts blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splanchnic nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several nerves of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system that innervate viscera and blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasympathetic nervous system", + "parasympathetic" + ], + "it": [ + "parasimpatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originates in the brain stem and lower part of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system: stimulates digestive secretions; slows the heart; constricts the pupils; dilates blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachial plexus", + "plexus brachialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of nerves formed by cervical and thoracic spinal nerves and supplying the arm and parts of the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac plexus", + "plexus cardiacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of nerves supplying the heart and nearby structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carotid plexus", + "plexus caroticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of nerves surrounding the internal carotid artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical plexus", + "plexus cervicalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve plexus lying beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choroid plexus", + "plexus choroideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vascular plexus of the cerebral ventricles that regulate intraventricular pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccygeal plexus", + "plexus coccygeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plexus formed by the fifth sacral and coccygeal nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypogastric plexus", + "plexus hypogastricus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of nerves serving the pelvic viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar plexus", + "plexus lumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of nerves formed by the ventral branches of the first four lumbar nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar plexus", + "plexus lumbalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lymphatic plexus located along the lower portion of the aorta and iliac vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbosacral plexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve plexus formed by the ventral divisions of the coccygeal and sacral and lumbar nerves; supplies the lower limbs and perineum and coccygeal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesenteric plexus", + "plexus mesentericus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of autonomic nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myenteric plexus", + "plexus myentericus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of unmyelinated fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies in the muscular coat of the esophagus and stomach and intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periarterial plexus", + "plexus periarterialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomic plexus that accompanies an artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plexus dentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of nerves serving the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterygoid plexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plexus of veins draining the region of the pterygoid muscles and draining into the internal maxillary and anterior facial veins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary plexis", + "plexus pulmonalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two autonomic nerve plexuses in each lung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacral plexus", + "plexus sacralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve plexus formed by the 4th and 5th lumbar and 1st, 2nd, 3rd sacral nerves; supplies the pelvic region and lower limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar plexus", + "coeliac plexus", + "plexus celiacus", + "abdominal nerve plexus" + ], + "it": [ + "plesso celiaco", + "plesso solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large plexus of sympathetic nerves in the abdomen behind the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit of the stomach", + "epigastric fossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight depression in the midline just below the sternum (where a blow can affect the solar plexus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproductive system", + "genital system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organs and tissues involved in the production and maturation of gametes and in their union and subsequent development as offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urogenital system", + "urogenital apparatus", + "urinary system", + "urinary apparatus", + "genitourinary system", + "genitourinary apparatus", + "systema urogenitale", + "apparatus urogenitalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system that includes all organs involved in reproduction and in the formation and voidance of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory system", + "systema respiratorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system for taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide; in terrestrial animals this is accomplished by breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory tract", + "airway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passages through which air enters and leaves the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower respiratory tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bronchi and lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper respiratory tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nose and throat and trachea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensory system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body's system of sense organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinary tract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organs and tubes involved in the production and excretion of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascular system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids such as blood or lymph or sap through the body of an animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulatory system", + "cardiovascular system" + ], + "it": [ + "apparato circolatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organs and tissues involved in circulating blood and lymph through the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetal circulation", + "foetal circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder", + "vesica" + ], + "it": [ + "vescica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distensible membranous sac (usually containing liquid or gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinary bladder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membranous sac for temporary retention of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entrance or opening to a hollow organ or tube (especially the vaginal opening)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethral orifice", + "external orifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the orifice through which urine is discharged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ureter" + ], + "it": [ + "uretere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of thick-walled tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethra" + ], + "it": [ + "uretra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproductive organ", + "sex organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organo riproduttivo", + "organo sessuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organ involved in sexual reproduction" + ], + "it": [ + "un organo coinvolto nella riproduzione sessuale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female reproductive system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive system of females" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male reproductive system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive system of males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genitalia", + "genital organ", + "genitals", + "private parts", + "privates", + "crotch" + ], + "it": [ + "genitale", + "parti intime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external sex organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudendum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "human external genital organs collectively especially of a female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female genitalia", + "female genitals", + "female genital organ", + "fanny" + ], + "it": [ + "genitali femminili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external female sex organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female internal reproductive organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive organs of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male genitalia", + "male genitals", + "male genital organ", + "family jewels" + ], + "it": [ + "genitali maschili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external male sex organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male internal reproductive organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive organs of a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovary" + ], + "it": [ + "ovaia", + "ovaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(vertebrates) one of usually two organs that produce ova and secrete estrogen and progesterone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovotestis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hermaphroditic gonad that contains both testicular and ovarian tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sac" + ], + "it": [ + "sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure resembling a bag in an animal" + ], + "it": [ + "nome di vari organi che ricordano la forma di un sacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(radiology) organ intended to receive the therapeutic dose of a radioactive substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taret organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(endocrinology) organ most affected by a particular hormone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acinus" + ], + "it": [ + "acino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the small sacs or saclike dilations in a compound gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bursa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fluid-filled sac located between movable parts of the body especially at joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cisterna", + "cistern" + ], + "it": [ + "cisterna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sac or cavity containing fluid especially lymph or cerebrospinal fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouch", + "pocket" + ], + "it": [ + "tasca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) saclike structure in any of various animals (as a marsupial or gopher or pelican)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheek pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a membranous pouch inside the mouth of many rodents (as a gopher)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsupium" + ], + "it": [ + "marsupio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an external abdominal pouch in most marsupials where newborn offspring are suckled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrotum" + ], + "it": [ + "coglia", + "scroto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the external pouch that contains the testes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesicle", + "cyst" + ], + "it": [ + "ciste", + "cisti", + "vescichetta", + "vescicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small anatomically normal sac or bladderlike structure (especially one containing fluid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister", + "bulla", + "bleb" + ], + "it": [ + "bolla", + "galla", + "vescica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follicle" + ], + "it": [ + "follicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small spherical group of cells containing a cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair follicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tubular cavity containing the root of a hair; small muscles and sebaceous glands are associated with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graafian follicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vascular body in a mammalian ovary enclosing a developing egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus luteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow endocrine tissue that forms in a ruptured Graafian follicle following the release of an ovum; it degenerates after a few days unless pregnancy has begun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fallopian tube", + "uterine tube", + "oviduct" + ], + "it": [ + "ovidotto", + "ovidutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of tubes conducting the egg from the ovary to the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uterus", + "womb" + ], + "it": [ + "seno", + "utero", + "ventre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow muscular organ in the pelvic cavity of females; contains the developing fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uterine cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space inside the uterus between the cervical canal and the Fallopian tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical canal", + "canalis cervicis uteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spindle-shaped canal extending from the uterus to the vagina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decidua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the epithelial tissue of the endometrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endometrium" + ], + "it": [ + "endometrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pregnancy) the mucous membrane that lines the uterus; thickens under hormonal control and (if pregnancy does not occur) is shed in menstruation; if pregnancy occurs it is shed along with the placenta at parturition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myometrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smooth muscle forming the wall of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liposome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificially made microscopic vesicle into which nucleic acids can be packaged; used in molecular biology as a transducing vector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbilical cord", + "umbilical" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone ombelicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membranous duct connecting the fetus with the placenta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placenta" + ], + "it": [ + "placenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vascular structure in the uterus of most mammals providing oxygen and nutrients for and transferring wastes from the developing fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterbirth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the placenta and fetal membranes that are expelled from the uterus after the baby is born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagina" + ], + "it": [ + "vagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower part of the female reproductive tract; a moist canal in female mammals extending from the labia minora to the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cunt", + "puss", + "pussy", + "slit", + "snatch", + "twat" + ], + "it": [ + "fica", + "mona", + "fregna", + "potta", + "sorca", + "nicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscene terms for female genitals" + ], + "it": [ + "termini osceni per i genitali femminili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulva" + ], + "it": [ + "vulva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "external parts of the female genitalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymen", + "maidenhead", + "virginal membrane" + ], + "it": [ + "imene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fold of tissue that partly covers the entrance to the vagina of a virgin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperforate hymen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hymen that is completely closed so that menstrual blood cannot flow out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mons", + "mons veneris", + "mons pubis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound of fatty tissue covering the pubic area in women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liplike structure that bounds a bodily orifice (especially any of the four labiate folds of a woman's vulva)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labia majora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the two outer folds of the vulva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudendal cleft", + "urogenital cleft", + "rima pudendi", + "rima vulvae", + "pudendal cleavage", + "pudendal slit", + "vulvar slit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fissure between the labia majora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labia minora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the two inner folds of the vulva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibule of the vagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between the labia minora containing the orifice of the urethra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erectile organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ containing erectile tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clitoris", + "clit", + "button" + ], + "it": [ + "clitoride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female sexual organ homologous to the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cowper's gland", + "bulbourethral gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two glands that discharge a component of seminal fluid into the urethra; homologous to Bartholin's gland in the female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartholin's gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two posterior vestibular glands that secrete a lubricating mucus; homologous to Cowper's gland in the male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical glands", + "cervical glands of the uterus", + "glandulae cervicales uteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminiferous tubule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonad", + "sex gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gland in which gametes (sex cells) are produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testis", + "testicle", + "orchis", + "ball", + "ballock", + "bollock", + "nut", + "egg" + ], + "it": [ + "testicolo", + "coglione", + "palla", + "corbello", + "didimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle due ghiandole genitali maschili destinate alla produzione degli spermatozoi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobblers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's testicles (from Cockney rhyming slang: cobbler's awl rhymes with ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male reproductive gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reproductive organs of a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undescended testis", + "undescended testicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a testis that fails to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epididymis" + ], + "it": [ + "epididimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convoluted tubule in each testis; carries sperm to vas deferens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rete testis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "network of tubules carrying sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasa efferentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the several highly convoluted tubules that lead from the rete testis to the vas deferens and form the head of the epididymis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vas deferens", + "ductus deferens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penis", + "phallus", + "member" + ], + "it": [ + "asta", + "fallo", + "membro", + "membro virile", + "pene", + "verga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock", + "prick", + "dick", + "shaft", + "pecker", + "peter", + "tool", + "putz" + ], + "it": [ + "cazzo", + "bischero", + "pisello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscene terms for penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micropenis", + "microphallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally small penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepuce", + "foreskin" + ], + "it": [ + "prepuzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fold of skin covering the tip of the penis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepuce", + "foreskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fold of skin covering the tip of the clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminal duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the efferent duct of the testis in man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculatory duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the seminal duct formed by the duct from the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens; passes through the prostate gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminal vesicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of a pair of glands located on either side of the male urinary bladder that open into the vas deferens and that secrete many components of semen during ejaculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatic cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure resembling a cord that suspends the testis within the scrotum and contains the vas deferens and other vessels and nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organ involved in the process of respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book lung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organ in many arachnids containing many thin folds of membrane resembling the leaves of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolus", + "air sac", + "air cell" + ], + "it": [ + "alveolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of tiny air passageways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two cavities lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth and extending from the face to the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasopharynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cavity forming the upper part of the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oropharynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cavity formed by the pharynx at the back of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laryngopharynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower part of the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharyngeal tonsil", + "adenoid", + "Luschka's tonsil", + "third tonsil", + "tonsilla pharyngealis", + "tonsilla adenoidea" + ], + "it": [ + "adenoidi", + "vegetazioni adenoidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of lymphatic tissue in the throat behind the uvula (on the posterior wall and roof of the nasopharynx)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larynx", + "voice box" + ], + "it": [ + "laringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartilaginous structure at the top of the trachea; contains elastic vocal cords that are the source of the vocal tone in speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arytenoid", + "arytaenoid", + "arytenoid cartilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two small cartilages at the back of the larynx to which the vocal folds are attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyroid cartilage", + "Adam's apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest cartilage of the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocal cord", + "vocal fold", + "vocal band", + "plica vocalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane projecting into the larynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false vocal cord", + "false vocal fold", + "superior vocal cord", + "ventricular fold", + "vestibular fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the upper two vocal cords that are not involved in vocalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true vocal cord", + "true vocal fold", + "inferior vocal cord", + "inferior vocal fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two lower vocal folds that come together to form the glottis; produce a vocal tone when they are approximated and air from the lungs passes between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginous structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "body structure given shape by cartilage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartilaginous tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a duct with cartilaginous walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchus", + "bronchial tube" + ], + "it": [ + "bronco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two main branches of the trachea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronchiole" + ], + "it": [ + "bronchiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the smallest bronchial ducts; ending in alveoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trachea", + "windpipe" + ], + "it": [ + "trachea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trachea" + ], + "it": [ + "trachea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the tubules forming the respiratory system of most insects and many arachnids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alimentary canal", + "alimentary tract", + "digestive tube", + "digestive tract", + "gastrointestinal tract", + "GI tract" + ], + "it": [ + "tubo digerente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tubular passage of mucous membrane and muscle extending about 8.3 meters from mouth to anus; functions in digestion and elimination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alimentary canal (especially of an embryo or a coelenterate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestive gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any gland having ducts that pour secretions into the digestive tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salivary gland" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiandola salivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of three pairs of glands in the mouth and digestive system that secrete saliva for digestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parotid gland" + ], + "it": [ + "parotide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large salivary gland that produces 50% of daytime saliva; in human beings it is located in front of and below each ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i65999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublingual gland", + "sublingual salivary gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small salivary gland that produces mucin (the viscous component of saliva); in human beings it is located on either side of the mouth under the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submaxillary gland", + "submaxillary salivary gland", + "submandibular gland", + "submandibular salivary gland", + "mandibular gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salivary gland inside the lower jaw on either side that produces most of the nocturnal saliva; discharges saliva into the mouth under the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophagus", + "oesophagus", + "gorge", + "gullet" + ], + "it": [ + "esofago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage between the pharynx and the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the short part of the esophagus extending downward from the diaphragm to the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intestine", + "bowel", + "gut" + ], + "it": [ + "alvo", + "budello", + "intestino", + "minugia", + "minugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the alimentary canal between the stomach and the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindgut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the caudal part of the alimentary canal in vertebrate embryos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small intestine" + ], + "it": [ + "tenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest part of the alimentary canal; where digestion is completed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duodenum" + ], + "it": [ + "duodeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the small intestine between the stomach and the jejunum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pylorus" + ], + "it": [ + "piloro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small circular opening between the stomach and the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jejunum" + ], + "it": [ + "digiuno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileum" + ], + "it": [ + "ileo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the small intestine between the jejunum and the cecum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large intestine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beginning with the cecum and ending with the rectum; includes the cecum and the colon and the rectum; extracts moisture from food residues which are later excreted as feces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colon" + ], + "it": [ + "colon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum; it extracts moisture from food residues before they are excreted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megacolon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal enlargement of the colon; can be congenital (as in Hirschsprung's disease) or acquired (as when children refuse to defecate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cecum", + "caecum", + "blind gut" + ], + "it": [ + "ceco", + "cieco", + "intestino cieco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity in which the large intestine begins and into which the ileum opens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ileocecal valve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valve between the ileum of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine; prevents material from flowing back from the large to the small intestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transverse colon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the large intestine that extends across the abdominal cavity and joins the ascending to the descending colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascending colon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descending colon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the large intestine that descends from the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigmoid colon", + "sigmoid flexure" + ], + "it": [ + "sigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the s-shaped curve between the descending colon and the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendix", + "vermiform appendix", + "vermiform process", + "cecal appendage" + ], + "it": [ + "appendice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vestigial process that extends from the lower end of the cecum and that resembles a small pouch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectum" + ], + "it": [ + "retto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal section of the alimentary canal; from the sigmoid flexure to the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anus" + ], + "it": [ + "ano", + "buco del culo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excretory opening at the end of the alimentary canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arse", + "arsehole", + "asshole", + "bunghole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulgar slang for anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperforate anus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a congenital defect of the anus; there is partial or complete obstruction of the anal opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perineum" + ], + "it": [ + "perineo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general region between the anus and the genital organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head", + "caput" + ], + "it": [ + "testa", + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains" + ], + "it": [ + "la regione anatomica contente il cervello e gli organi specifici di senso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the head between the ears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "human head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullethead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a head shaped like a bullet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attic", + "bean", + "bonce", + "noodle", + "noggin", + "dome" + ], + "it": [ + "zucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a human head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pate", + "poll", + "crown" + ], + "it": [ + "cocuzzolo", + "cucuzzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsure" + ], + "it": [ + "chierica", + "tonsura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shaved crown of a monk's or priest's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicranium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle and aponeurosis and skin covering the cranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalp" + ], + "it": [ + "scalpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skin that covers the top of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skull" + ], + "it": [ + "cranio", + "teschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calvaria", + "skullcap" + ], + "it": [ + "volta cranica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dome of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranium", + "braincase", + "brainpan" + ], + "it": [ + "scatola cranica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the skull that encloses the brain" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte del cranio che racchiude il cervello" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occiput" + ], + "it": [ + "occipite", + "occipizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "back part of the head or skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinciput" + ], + "it": [ + "sincipite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front part of the head or skull (including the forehead)" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte frontale e superiore del cranio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal bone", + "os frontale", + "forehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large cranial bone forming the front part of the cranium: includes the upper part of the orbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal eminence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either prominence of the frontal bone above each orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two skull bones between the frontal and occipital bones and forming the top and sides of the cranium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipital bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saucer-shaped membrane bone that forms the back of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipital protuberance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prominence on the outer surface of the occipital bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastoid", + "mastoid process", + "mastoid bone", + "mastoidal" + ], + "it": [ + "mastoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process of the temporal bone behind the ear at the base of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "styloid process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extends from the base of the temporal bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterygoid process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two bony processes descending from the body of the sphenoid bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberosity", + "tubercle", + "eminence" + ], + "it": [ + "tuberosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protuberance on a bone especially for attachment of a muscle or ligament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suture", + "sutura", + "fibrous joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immovable joint (especially between the bones of the skull)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synovial joint", + "articulatio synovialis", + "diarthrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint so articulated as to move freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior fontanelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corresponds to the bregma when bones have ossified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphenoid fontanelle", + "sphenoid fontanel", + "sphenoidal fontanelle", + "sphenoidal fontanel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the irregularly shaped area on either side of the cranium where the frontal bone and the anterior tip of the parietal bone and the temporal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone meet; corresponds to the pterion when bones have ossified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronal suture", + "sutura coronalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontal suture", + "sutura frontalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between two halves of the frontal bone (usually obliterated by the age of 6)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermaxillary suture", + "sutura intermaxillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internasal suture", + "sutura internasalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the two nasal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamboid suture", + "sutura lamboidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the occipital and parietal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occipitomastoid suture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the occipital and the temporal bones; a continuation of the lamboid suture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietomastoid suture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture between the parietal and the temporal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagittal suture", + "interparietal suture", + "sutura sagittalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the suture uniting the two parietal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fontanelle", + "fontanel", + "soft spot" + ], + "it": [ + "fontanella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any membranous gap between the bones of the cranium in an infant or fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foramen", + "hiatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interventricular foramen", + "foramen of Monro", + "Monro's foramen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small opening (on both the right and left sides) that connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon with the lateral ventricle in the cerebral hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foramen magnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large opening at the base of the cranium through which the spinal cord passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaw" + ], + "it": [ + "mascella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the skull of a vertebrate that frames the mouth and holds the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zygomatic process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender process of the temporal bone that strengthens the zygomatic arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck", + "cervix" + ], + "it": [ + "collo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frill", + "ruff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an external body part consisting of feathers or hair about the neck of a bird or other animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(paleontology) a bony plate that curves upward behind the skull of many ceratopsian dinosaurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick short powerful neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nape", + "scruff", + "nucha" + ], + "it": [ + "cervice", + "collottola", + "cuticagna", + "nuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back side of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throat", + "pharynx" + ], + "it": [ + "faringe", + "gola", + "gozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage to the stomach and lungs; in the front part of the neck below the chin and above the collarbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fauces" + ], + "it": [ + "fauci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage between the back of the mouth and the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fistula", + "sinus" + ], + "it": [ + "fistola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal passage leading from a suppurating cavity to the body surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bypass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgically created shunt (usually around a damaged part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portacaval shunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shunt that is created surgically between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava so that blood from the abdominal organs can bypass the liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage by which a bodily fluid (especially blood) is diverted from one channel to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tubular cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavity having the shape of a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ], + "it": [ + "spalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder", + "shoulder joint", + "articulatio humeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and a cavity of the scapula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deltoid", + "deltoid muscle", + "musculus deltoideus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint and serving to abduct and flex and extend and rotate the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armpit", + "axilla", + "axillary cavity", + "axillary fossa" + ], + "it": [ + "ascella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hollow under the arm where it is joined to the shoulder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torso", + "trunk", + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "busto", + "torace", + "torso", + "tronco", + "fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body excluding the head and neck and limbs" + ], + "it": [ + "parte del corpo umano compresa tra il collo e il bacino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serratus", + "serratus muscles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several muscles of the trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterior serratus muscle", + "serratus anterior", + "musculus serratus anterior", + "serratus magnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscles that rotate the scapula and elevate the rib cage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior serratus muscle", + "serratus posterior", + "musculus serratus posterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skeletal muscle that draws the rib cage backward and downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serratus posterior inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin quadrilateral muscle at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions; acts to counteract the pull of the diaphragm on the ribs to which it is attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serratus posterior superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin quadrilateral muscle of the upper and dorsal part of the thorax; acts to elevate the upper ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "fianco", + "lato", + "anca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either the left or right half of a body" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle due parti, destra e sinistra, del corpo umano o animale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female chest", + "bust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chest of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male chest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chest of a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral", + "pectoral muscle", + "pectoralis", + "musculus pectoralis", + "pecs" + ], + "it": [ + "pettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two large muscles of the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoralis major", + "musculus pectoralis major", + "greater pectoral muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle that adducts and rotates the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoralis minor", + "musculus pectoralis minor", + "smaller pectoral muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle that draws down the scapula or raises the ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercostal", + "intercostal muscle", + "musculus intercostalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscles between the ribs; they contract during inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressor", + "depressor muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skeletal muscle that draws a body part down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorax", + "chest", + "pectus" + ], + "it": [ + "costato", + "petto", + "torace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the human torso between the neck and the diaphragm or the corresponding part in other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chest cavity", + "thoracic cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast", + "chest" + ], + "it": [ + "petto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosom" + ], + "it": [ + "petto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's breast or chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle region of the body of an arthropod between the head and the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib cage" + ], + "it": [ + "gabbia toracica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bony enclosing wall of the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleavage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line formed by a groove between two parts (especially the separation between a woman's breasts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lactiferous duct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ducts of the mammary gland that carry milk to the nipple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammary gland", + "mamma" + ], + "it": [ + "mammella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk-secreting organ of female mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast", + "bosom", + "knocker", + "boob", + "tit", + "titty" + ], + "it": [ + "mammella", + "seno", + "tetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two soft fleshy milk-secreting glandular organs on the chest of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nipple", + "mammilla", + "mamilla", + "pap", + "teat", + "tit" + ], + "it": [ + "capezzolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small projection of a mammary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areola", + "ring of color" + ], + "it": [ + "areola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small circular area such as that around the human nipple or an inflamed area around a pimple or insect bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "areola" + ], + "it": [ + "areola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small space in a tissue or body part such as the area between veins on a leaf or an insect's wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nabothian gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many small glands of the uterine cervix that secrete mucus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestibular gland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gland that opens into the vestibule of the vagina; secretions lubricate the vagina during coitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle", + "midriff", + "midsection" + ], + "it": [ + "cintola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle area of the human torso (usually in front)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waist", + "waistline" + ], + "it": [ + "vita", + "girovita", + "giro vita", + "cintola", + "cintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte incavata del corpo umano tra i fianchi e il busto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wasp waist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very slender waist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly", + "paunch" + ], + "it": [ + "pancia", + "trippa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protruding abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot", + "potbelly", + "bay window", + "corporation", + "tummy" + ], + "it": [ + "pancino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for a paunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare tire", + "love handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excess fat around the waistline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip" + ], + "it": [ + "anca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either side of the body below the waist and above the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haunch" + ], + "it": [ + "anca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hip and buttock and upper thigh in human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navel", + "umbilicus", + "bellybutton", + "belly button", + "omphalos", + "omphalus" + ], + "it": [ + "ombelico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scar where the umbilical cord was attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdomen", + "venter", + "stomach", + "belly" + ], + "it": [ + "addome", + "gozzo", + "pancia", + "ventre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the body of a vertebrate between the thorax and the pelvis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal", + "abdominal muscle", + "ab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscles of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dorsum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back of the body of a vertebrate or any analogous surface (as the upper or outer surface of an organ or appendage or part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbelly", + "underbody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soft belly or underside of an animal's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external oblique muscle", + "musculus obliquus externus abdominis", + "abdominal external oblique muscle", + "oblique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagonally arranged abdominal muscle on either side of the torso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transversus abdominis muscle", + "transverse muscle of abdomen", + "musculus transversalis abdominis", + "transversus abdominis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat muscle with transverse fibers that forms the anterior and lateral walls of the abdominal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal cavity", + "abdomen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cavity containing the major viscera; in mammals it is separated from the thorax by the diaphragm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pubes", + "pubic region", + "loins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower part of the abdomen just above the external genital organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back", + "dorsum" + ], + "it": [ + "dorso", + "groppa", + "groppone", + "schiena", + "spalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the slender part of the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latissimus dorsi", + "lat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad flat muscle on either side of the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttocks", + "nates", + "arse", + "butt", + "backside", + "bum", + "buns", + "can", + "fundament", + "hindquarters", + "hind end", + "keister", + "posterior", + "prat", + "rear", + "rear end", + "rump", + "stern", + "seat", + "tail", + "tail end", + "tooshie", + "tush", + "bottom", + "behind", + "derriere", + "fanny", + "ass" + ], + "it": [ + "culo", + "deretano", + "di dietro", + "didietro", + "popò", + "posteriore", + "sedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte del corpo umano su cui si sta seduti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttock", + "cheek" + ], + "it": [ + "chiappa", + "natica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two large fleshy masses of muscular tissue that form the human rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremity", + "appendage", + "member" + ], + "it": [ + "arto", + "estremità", + "membro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an external body part that projects from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb" + ], + "it": [ + "arto", + "membro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump" + ], + "it": [ + "moncherino", + "moncone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a limb or tooth that remains after the rest is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ], + "it": [ + "gamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human limb; commonly used to refer to a whole limb but technically only the part of the limb between the knee and ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leg from the knee to foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ], + "it": [ + "gamba", + "zampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure in animals that is similar to a human leg and used for locomotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin", + "peg", + "stick" + ], + "it": [ + "gamba", + "stecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowleg", + "bow leg", + "bandyleg", + "bandy leg", + "genu varum", + "tibia vara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leg bowed outward at the knee (or below the knee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank's mare", + "shanks' mare", + "shank's pony", + "shanks' pony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "you own legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindlelegs", + "spindleshanks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long thin legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thigh" + ], + "it": [ + "coscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the leg between the hip and the knee" + ], + "it": [ + "parte della gamba tra l'anca e il ginocchio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap" + ], + "it": [ + "grembo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper side of the thighs of a seated person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the human leg between the knee and the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front part of the human leg between the knee and the ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebrate foot", + "pedal extremity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extremity of the limb in vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "human foot", + "pes" + ], + "it": [ + "piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint" + ], + "it": [ + "nell'uomo, estremità dell’arto inferiore che svolge funzione di sostegno nella locomozione e nella posizione eretta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubitus" + ], + "it": [ + "cubito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arm from the elbow to the fingertips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forearm" + ], + "it": [ + "avambraccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the superior limb between the elbow and the wrist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand", + "manus", + "mitt", + "paw" + ], + "it": [ + "mano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità dell’arto superiore formata da palmo, dorso e dalle cinque dita, con funzioni prensili e tattili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fist", + "clenched fist" + ], + "it": [ + "pugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hand with the fingers clenched in the palm (as for hitting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooks", + "meat hooks", + "maulers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large strong hand (as of a fighter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right", + "right hand" + ], + "it": [ + "destra", + "dritta", + "diritta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hand that is on the right side of the body" + ], + "it": [ + "la mano appartenente al lato destro del corpo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left", + "left hand" + ], + "it": [ + "manca", + "mancina", + "sinistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hand that is on the left side of the body" + ], + "it": [ + "la mano sinistra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm", + "thenar" + ], + "it": [ + "palma", + "palmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thenar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fleshy area of the palm at the base of the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digit", + "dactyl" + ], + "it": [ + "digito", + "dito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finger or toe in human beings or corresponding body part in other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth digit; the little finger or little toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremity" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of a limb that is farthest from the torso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingertip" + ], + "it": [ + "polpastrello", + "punta del dito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end (tip) of a finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumb", + "pollex" + ], + "it": [ + "pollice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thick short innermost digit of the forelimb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index", + "index finger", + "forefinger" + ], + "it": [ + "indice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finger next to the thumb" + ], + "it": [ + "dito della mano posto tra il pollice e il medio con il quale si segna la direzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring finger", + "annualry" + ], + "it": [ + "anulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third finger (especially of the left hand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle finger" + ], + "it": [ + "medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second finger; between the index finger and the ring finger" + ], + "it": [ + "il terzo dito", + "tra il dito indice e l'anulare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little finger", + "pinkie", + "pinky" + ], + "it": [ + "mignolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finger farthest from the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sciatic nerve", + "nervus ischiadicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arises from the sacral plexus and passes about halfway down the thigh where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femoral nerve", + "nervus femoralis", + "anterior crural nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of nerves that originate from lumbar nerves and supply the muscles and skin of the anterior part of the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saphenous nerve", + "nervus saphenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the femoral nerve that supplies cutaneous branches to the inner aspect of the leg and foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrenic nerve", + "nervus phrenicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of nerves that arises from cervical spinal roots and passes down the thorax to innervate the diaphragm and control breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulnar nerve", + "cubital nerve", + "nervus ulnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nerve running along the inner side of the arm and passing near the elbow; supplies intrinsic muscles of the hand and the skin of the medial side of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal nerve", + "nervus spinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 31 pairs of nerves emerging from each side of the spinal cord (each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of eight pairs of spinal nerves emerging from the cervical section of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccygeal nerve", + "nervus coccygeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest pair of spinal nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of five pairs of spinal nerves emerging from the lumbar section of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacral nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of five pairs of spinal nerves emerging from the sacral region of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of twelve pairs of spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic region of the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteus", + "gluteus muscle", + "gluteal muscle", + "glute" + ], + "it": [ + "gluteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of three large skeletal muscles that form the buttock and move the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteus maximus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost of the three gluteal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteus medius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the three gluteal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluteus minimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost of the three gluteal muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamstring", + "hamstring tendon" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tendine del ginocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the tendons at the back of the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphincter", + "anatomical sphincter", + "sphincter muscle" + ], + "it": [ + "sfintere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring of muscle that contracts to close an opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac sphincter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the valve between the distal end of the esophagus and the stomach; the physiological sphincter at the esophagogastric junction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esophagogastric junction", + "oesophagogastric junction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiological sphincter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sphincter that is not recognizable at autopsy because its resting arrangement cannot be distinguished from adjacent tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anal sphincter", + "sphincter ani", + "musculus sphincter ani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sphincter muscle of the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus sphincter ani externus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an external ring of striated muscle surrounding the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus sphincter ani internus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal ring of smooth muscle formed by circular fibers of the rectum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urethral sphincter", + "musculus sphincter urethrae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striated sphincter muscle that constricts the urethra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder sphincter", + "musculus sphincter vesicae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sphincter muscle of the urinary bladder; made up of a thickened muscular layer of bladder around the urethral opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus sphincter ductus choledochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smooth muscle sphincter of the common bile duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus sphincter ductus pancreatici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smooth muscle sphincter of the main pancreatic duct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pupillary sphincter", + "musculus sphincter pupillae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring of smooth muscle surrounding the iris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyloric sphincter", + "pyloric valve", + "musculus sphincter pylori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sphincter muscle of the pylorus that separates the stomach from the duodenum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensor" + ], + "it": [ + "tensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several muscles that cause an attached structure to become tense or firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensor tympani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small muscle in the middle ear that tenses to protect the eardrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knee", + "knee joint", + "human knee", + "articulatio genus", + "genu" + ], + "it": [ + "ginocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella" + ], + "it": [ + "parte della gamba corrispondente all'articolazione tra femore, rotula e tibia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femur", + "thighbone", + "femoris" + ], + "it": [ + "femore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest and thickest bone of the human skeleton; extends from the pelvis to the knee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trochanter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the bony prominences developed near the upper extremity of the femur to which muscles are attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf", + "sura" + ], + "it": [ + "polpaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscular back part of the shank" + ], + "it": [ + "massa muscolosa sotto il ginocchio nella parte posteriore della gamba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-calf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of the calf; half way between the knee and ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastrocnemius", + "gastrocnemius muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the muscle in the back part of the leg that forms the greater part of the calf; responsible for the plantar flexion of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psoas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two muscles of the abdomen and pelvis that flex the trunk and rotate the thigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhomboid", + "rhomboid muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several muscles of the upper back that help move the shoulder blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhomboideus major muscle", + "greater rhomboid muscle", + "musculus rhomboideus major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhomboid muscle that draws the scapula toward the spinal column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhomboid minor muscle", + "lesser rhomboid muscle", + "musculus rhomboideus minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhomboid muscle that draws the scapula toward the vertebral column and slightly upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soleus", + "soleus muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad flat muscle in the calf of the leg under the gastrocnemius muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splenius", + "splenius muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two flat muscles that extend from the upper vertebrae to the base of the skull and serve to rotate or flex or extend the head and neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroneus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle of the lower leg that is involved in moving the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pterygoid muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle descending from the sphenoid bone to the lower jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more or less rounded anatomical body or mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatfoot", + "splayfoot", + "pes planus" + ], + "it": [ + "piede piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foot afflicted with a fallen arch; abnormally flattened and spread out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch" + ], + "it": [ + "arcata", + "arco", + "volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved bony structure supporting or enclosing organs (especially the inner sides of the feet)" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura ossea curva che supporta o racchiude un organo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatarsal arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the short lateral arch formed by the heads of the metatarsals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instep" + ], + "it": [ + "collo del piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arch of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunken arch", + "fallen arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instep flattened so the entire sole rests on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sole" + ], + "it": [ + "pianta", + "pianta del piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the underside of the foot" + ], + "it": [ + "parte inferiore del piede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiptoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tip of a toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ], + "it": [ + "dito", + "dito del piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the digits of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forepart of a hoof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big toe", + "great toe", + "hallux" + ], + "it": [ + "alluce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first largest innermost toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammertoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deformed toe which is bent in a clawlike arch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little toe" + ], + "it": [ + "mignolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth smallest outermost toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ], + "it": [ + "calcagno", + "tallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back part of the human foot" + ], + "it": [ + "parte posteriore del piede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gliding joint", + "articulatio plana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freely moving joint in which the articulations allow only gliding motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankle", + "ankle joint", + "mortise joint", + "articulatio talocruralis" + ], + "it": [ + "caviglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achilles tendon", + "tendon of Achilles" + ], + "it": [ + "tendine di Achille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large tendon that runs from the heel to the calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an encircling or ringlike structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musculus biceps femoris", + "femoral biceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biceps muscle of the thigh; it flexes the knee and rotates the leg laterally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biceps" + ], + "it": [ + "bicipite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skeletal muscle having two origins (but especially the muscle that flexes the forearm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biceps brachii", + "musculus biceps brachii", + "biceps humeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triceps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any skeletal muscle having three origins (but especially the triceps brachii)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triceps brachii", + "musculus triceps brachii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skeletal muscle having three origins that extends the forearm when it contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow", + "elbow joint", + "human elbow", + "cubitus", + "cubital joint", + "articulatio cubiti" + ], + "it": [ + "gomito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interphalangeal joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the joints between the phalanges of the fingers or toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinge joint", + "ginglymus", + "ginglymoid joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freely moving joint in which the bones are so articulated as to allow extensive movement in one plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funny bone", + "crazy bone" + ], + "it": [ + "osso cubitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point on the elbow where the ulnar nerve passes near the surface; a sharp tingling sensation results when the nerve is knocked against the bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin plate or layer (especially of bone or mineral)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamina arcus vertebrae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamina of the vertebral arch; the flattened posterior part of the vertebral arch from which the spinous process extends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any flat platelike body structure or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horny structure", + "unguis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any rigid body structure composed primarily of keratin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail" + ], + "it": [ + "unghia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuticle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dead skin at the base of a fingernail or toenail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-moon", + "lunula", + "lunule" + ], + "it": [ + "lunula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crescent-shaped area at the base of the human fingernail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formative tissue at the base of a nail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix", + "intercellular substance", + "ground substance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body substance in which tissue cells are embedded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascia", + "facia" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue separating or binding together muscles and organs etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aponeurosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the deeper and thicker fascia that attach muscles to bones; resemble flattened tendons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graft", + "transplant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(surgery) tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient; in some cases the patient can be both donor and recipient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autograft", + "autoplasty" + ], + "it": [ + "autotrapianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue that is taken from one site and grafted to another site on the same person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homograft", + "allograft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue or organ transplanted from a donor of the same species but different genetic makeup; recipient's immune system must be suppressed to prevent rejection of the graft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterograft", + "xenograft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue from an animal of one species used as a temporary graft (as in cases of severe burns) on an individual of another species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scar tissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the connective tissue that forms a scar; consists of fibroblasts in new scars and collagen fibers in old scars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroma" + ], + "it": [ + "stroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supporting tissue of an organ (as opposed to parenchyma)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingernail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nail at the end of a finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbnail" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "unghia del pollice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nail of the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toenail" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "unghia del piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nail at the end of a toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingrown toenail", + "onyxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toenail having its free tip or edges embedded in the surrounding flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangnail", + "agnail" + ], + "it": [ + "pipita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose narrow strip of skin near the base of a fingernail; tearing it produces a painful sore that is easily infected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrist", + "carpus", + "wrist joint", + "radiocarpal joint", + "articulatio radiocarpea" + ], + "it": [ + "polso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knuckle", + "knuckle joint", + "metacarpophalangeal joint" + ], + "it": [ + "nocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint of a finger when the fist is closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeletal system", + "skeleton", + "frame", + "systema skeletale" + ], + "it": [ + "carcassa", + "ossatura", + "scheletro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeletal structure" + ], + "it": [ + "ossatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any structure created by the skeleton of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tubular or pillar-like supporting structure in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pectoral girdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal support to which the forelimbs of vertebrates are attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder girdle", + "pectoral arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bony arch formed by the collarbones and shoulder blades in humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endoskeleton" + ], + "it": [ + "endoscheletro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the internal skeleton; bony and cartilaginous structure (especially of vertebrates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exoskeleton" + ], + "it": [ + "esoscheletro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendicular skeleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle and the upper and lower limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axial skeleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axial muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skeletal muscle of the trunk or head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transverse process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two processes that extend from each vertebra and provide the point of articulation for the ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemal arch", + "haemal arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure arising ventrally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the caudal blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neural arch", + "vertebral arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure arising dorsally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinal column", + "vertebral column", + "spine", + "backbone", + "back", + "rachis" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna vertebrale", + "spina dorsale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cervical vertebra", + "neck bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 7 vertebrae in the human spine located in the neck region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atlas", + "atlas vertebra" + ], + "it": [ + "atlante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1st cervical vertebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axis", + "axis vertebra" + ], + "it": [ + "assoide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd cervical vertebra; serves as a pivot for turning the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odontoid process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toothlike process at the back of 2nd vertebra of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic vertebra", + "dorsal vertebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 12 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; thoracic vertebrae extend from the seventh cervical vertebra down to the first lumbar vertebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumbar vertebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 5 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; lumbar vertebrae extend from the twelfth thoracic vertebra down to the sacral vertebrae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacral vertebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 5 vertebrae in the human spine that fuse in the adult to form the sacrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coccygeal vertebra", + "caudal vertebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 4 vertebrae in the human coccyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sartorius", + "sartorius muscle", + "musculus sartorius" + ], + "it": [ + "sartorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle in the thigh that helps to rotate the leg into the sitting position assumed by a tailor; the longest muscle in the human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalenus", + "scalene muscle", + "musculus scalenus" + ], + "it": [ + "scaleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of four pairs of muscles extending from the cervical vertebrae to the second rib; involved in moving the neck and in breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sternocleidomastoid", + "sternocleidomastoid muscle", + "sternocleido mastoideus", + "musculus sternocleidomastoideus" + ], + "it": [ + "sternoclaidomastoideo", + "sternomastoideo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two thick muscles running from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid and occipital bone; turns head obliquely to the opposite side; when acting together they flex the neck and extend the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teres", + "teres muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two muscles in the shoulder region that move the shoulders and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teres major", + "teres major muscle", + "musculus teres major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teres muscle that moves the arm and rotates it medially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teres minor", + "teres minor muscle", + "musculus teres minor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teres muscle that adducts the arm and rotates it laterally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tibialis", + "tibialis muscle", + "musculus tibialis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two skeletal muscle in each leg arising from the tibia; provides for movement of the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tibialis anticus", + "tibialis anterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a muscle running from the tibia to the first metatarsal and cuneiform bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tibialis posticus", + "tibialis posterior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep muscle of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapezius", + "trapezius muscle", + "cowl muscle", + "musculus trapezius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two flat triangular muscles of the shoulder and upper back that are involved in moving the shoulders and arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the first seven ribs in a human being which attach to the sternum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a riblike part of a plant or animal (such as a middle rib of a leaf or a thickened vein of an insect wing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costal cartilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cartilages that connect the sternum and the ends of the ribs; its elasticity allows the chest to move in respiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiphysis" + ], + "it": [ + "epifisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of a long bone; initially separated from the main bone by a layer of cartilage that eventually ossifies so the parts become fused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaphysis", + "shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main (mid) section of a long bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the growing part of a long bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bone in the arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humerus" + ], + "it": [ + "omero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius" + ], + "it": [ + "radio", + "radium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer and slightly shorter of the two bones of the human forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulna", + "elbow bone" + ], + "it": [ + "cubito", + "ulna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner and longer of the two bones of the human forearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olecranon", + "olecranon process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process of the ulna that forms the outer bump of the elbow and fits into the fossa of the humerus when the arm is extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacarpus" + ], + "it": [ + "metacarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the hand between the carpus and phalanges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bone of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibula", + "calf bone" + ], + "it": [ + "fibula", + "perone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer and thinner of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tibia", + "shinbone", + "shin bone", + "shin" + ], + "it": [ + "stinco", + "tibia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner and thicker of the two bones of the human leg between the knee and ankle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metatarsus" + ], + "it": [ + "metatarso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skeleton of the human foot between the toes and the tarsus; the corresponding part of the foot in birds or of the hind foot in quadrupeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarsus" + ], + "it": [ + "tarso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the foot of a vertebrate between the metatarsus and the leg; in human beings the bones of the ankle and heel collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint", + "articulation", + "articulatio" + ], + "it": [ + "articolazione", + "giuntura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if it allows motion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball-and-socket joint", + "spheroid joint", + "cotyloid joint", + "enarthrodial joint", + "enarthrosis", + "articulatio spheroidea" + ], + "it": [ + "enartrosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freely moving joint in which a sphere on the head of one bone fits into a rounded cavity in the other bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rounded end of a bone that fits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip", + "hip joint", + "coxa", + "articulatio coxae" + ], + "it": [ + "anca", + "articolazione dell'anca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetabulum", + "cotyloid cavity" + ], + "it": [ + "acetabolo", + "acetabulo", + "cotile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cup-shaped hollow in the hipbone into which the head of the femur fits to form a ball-and-socket joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvis", + "renal pelvis" + ], + "it": [ + "bacinello", + "bacinetto", + "pelvi", + "pelvi renale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure shaped like a funnel in the outlet of the kidney into which urine is discharged before passing into the ureter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvis", + "pelvic girdle", + "pelvic arch", + "hip" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the structure of the vertebrate skeleton supporting the lower limbs in humans and the hind limbs or corresponding parts in other vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelvic cavity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space bounded by the bones of the pelvis and containing the pelvic viscera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot joint", + "rotary joint", + "rotatory joint", + "articulatio trochoidea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freely moving joint in which movement is limited to rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crotch", + "fork" + ], + "it": [ + "inforcatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle formed by the inner sides of the legs where they join the human trunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the hips and groin and lower abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groin", + "inguen" + ], + "it": [ + "anguinaia", + "inguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crease at the junction of the inner part of the thigh with the trunk together with the adjacent region and often including the external genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any area of the body that is highly sensitive to pain (as the flesh underneath the skin or a fingernail or toenail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose", + "olfactory organ" + ], + "it": [ + "naso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beak", + "honker", + "hooter", + "nozzle", + "snoot", + "snout", + "schnozzle", + "schnoz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nose curved downward like the beak of a hawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proboscis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the human nose (especially when it is large)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pug nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short nose; flattened and turned up at the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman nose", + "hooknose" + ], + "it": [ + "naso aquilino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nose with a prominent slightly aquiline bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chin", + "mentum" + ], + "it": [ + "mento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the protruding part of the lower jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double chin", + "buccula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fold of fatty tissue under the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimple" + ], + "it": [ + "buco", + "fossetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small natural hollow in the cheek or chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lantern jaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long thin lower jaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nostril", + "anterior naris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either one of the two external openings to the nasal cavity in the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterior naris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either one of the two posterior openings at the back of the nasal cavity leading to the nasopharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the openings to the nasal cavities that allow air to flow through the cavities to the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face", + "human face" + ], + "it": [ + "faccia", + "viso", + "volto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear" + ], + "it": [ + "parte anteriore della testa umana dalla fronte al mento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "muso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an animal corresponding to the human face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countenance", + "physiognomy", + "phiz", + "visage", + "kisser", + "smiler", + "mug" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto", + "fisionomia", + "fisonomia", + "grugno", + "muso", + "sembiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the human face (`kisser' and `smiler' and `mug' are informal terms for `face' and `phiz' is British)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudding face", + "pudding-face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fat human face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature", + "lineament" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere somatico", + "lineamento", + "sembianza", + "tratto", + "fattezza", + "connotato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic parts of a person's face: eyes and nose and mouth and chin" + ], + "it": [ + "parte caratteristica del volto di una persona, come il naso, gli occhi, la bocca o il mento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the skeletal muscles of the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporalis muscle", + "temporal muscle", + "temporalis", + "musculus temporalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle extending from the temporal fossa to the coronoid process of the mandible; acts to raise the mandible and close the jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brow", + "forehead" + ], + "it": [ + "fronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the face above the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temple" + ], + "it": [ + "tempia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flat area on either side of the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheek" + ], + "it": [ + "gota", + "guancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either side of the face below the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fullness and looseness of the flesh of the lower cheek and jaw (characteristic of aging)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaw" + ], + "it": [ + "mascella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bones of the skull that frame the mouth and serve to open it; the bones that hold the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long raised border or margin of a bone or tooth or membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supraorbital ridge", + "supraorbital torus", + "superciliary ridge", + "superciliary arch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge on the frontal bone above the eye socket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excrescence" + ], + "it": [ + "escrescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) an abnormal outgrowth or enlargement of some part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal growth or excrescence (especially a warty excrescence on the valves of the heart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remains of a body part that was functional at an earlier stage of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall", + "paries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a layer (a lining or membrane) that encloses a structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdominal wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall of the abdomen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humor", + "humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) one of the four fluids in the body whose balance was believed to determine your emotional and physical state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericardial sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the membrane surrounding the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotator cuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporting structure of the shoulder consisting of the muscles and tendons that attach the arm to the shoulder joint and enable the arm to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respiratory center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) tiny fibers that are seen in cell division; the fibers radiate from two poles and meet at the equator in the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncytium" + ], + "it": [ + "sincizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei and enclosed in a membrane but no internal cell boundaries (as in muscle fibers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serous membrane", + "serosa" + ], + "it": [ + "sierosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin membrane lining the closed cavities of the body; has two layers with a space between that is filled with serous fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synovial membrane", + "synovium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin membrane in synovial (freely moving) joints that lines the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunica albuginea testes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish cover of the testicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albuginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish tunic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunic", + "tunica", + "adventitia" + ], + "it": [ + "tunica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celom", + "coelom", + "celoma" + ], + "it": [ + "celoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavity in the mesoderm of an embryo that gives rise in humans to the pleural cavity and pericardial cavity and peritoneal cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any structure that resembles a horn in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corona" + ], + "it": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a fold or wrinkle or crease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tentorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) a fold of dura mater that covers the cerebellum and supports the occipital lobes of the cerebrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mast cell", + "mastocyte", + "labrocyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large connective tissue cell that contains histamine and heparin and serotonin which are released in allergic reactions or in response to injury or inflammation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other cell types (such as blood cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematopoeitic stem cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blood forming stem cells in the bone marrow; T cells and B cells arise from these stem cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McBurney's point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point one third of the way along a line drawn from the hip to the umbilicus; the point of maximum sensitivity in acute appendicitis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zona pellucida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick membrane around the mammalian ovum; can be penetrated by one sperm in the fertilization process; usually remains around the fertilized egg until it is implanted in the wall of the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha receptor", + "alpha-adrenergic receptor", + "alpha-adrenoceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasoconstriction and relaxation of intestinal muscles and contraction of smooth muscles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta receptor", + "beta-adrenergic receptor", + "beta-adrenoceptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasodilation and increased heart beat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharyngeal recess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small recess in the wall of the pharynx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow elongated opening or fissure between two symmetrical parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rima glottidis", + "rima vocalis", + "true glottis", + "glottis vera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between the two true vocal folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rima vestibuli", + "rima respiratoria", + "false glottis", + "glottis spuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening between the false vocal folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telomere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either (free) end of a eukaryotic chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin trapezoidal bone of the skull forming the posterior and inferior parts of the nasal septum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wormian bone", + "sutural bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the tiny soft bones found in the sutures between cranial bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone", + "zona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) any encircling or beltlike structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zonule", + "zonula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small beltlike zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind", + "head", + "brain", + "psyche", + "nous" + ], + "it": [ + "cervello", + "mente", + "pensiero", + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che è responsabile dei pensieri e dei sentimenti", + "la sede della facoltà della ragione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal British expression for head or mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract mental location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public knowledge", + "general knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "cultura generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge that is available to anyone" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza che è a disposizione di tutti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything generally known to everyone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episteme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of ideas that determine the knowledge that is intellectually certain at any particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancient history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge of some recent fact or event that has become so commonly known that it has lost its original pertinence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "public awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that has become public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabula rasa" + ], + "it": [ + "tabula rasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young mind not yet affected by experience (according to John Locke)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ego" + ], + "it": [ + "ego", + "io" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the conscious mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconscious mind", + "unconscious" + ], + "it": [ + "inconscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the mind wherein psychic activity takes place of which the person is unaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subconscious mind", + "subconscious" + ], + "it": [ + "subconscio", + "subcosciente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychic activity just below the level of awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superego" + ], + "it": [ + "Super-Ego", + "Super-Io", + "super-io" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) that part of the unconscious mind that acts as a conscience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "id" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) primitive instincts and energies underlying all psychic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astuteness", + "profundity", + "profoundness", + "depth", + "deepness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intellectual ability to penetrate deeply into ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagacity", + "sagaciousness", + "judgment", + "judgement", + "discernment" + ], + "it": [ + "cervello", + "discrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mental ability to understand and discriminate between relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye" + ], + "it": [ + "occhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good discernment (either visually or as if visually)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common sense", + "good sense", + "gumption", + "horse sense", + "sense", + "mother wit" + ], + "it": [ + "assennatezza", + "buon senso", + "buonsenso", + "criterio", + "discernimento", + "giudizio", + "ponderatezza", + "ponderazione", + "raziocinio", + "senno", + "sensatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound practical judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reasoned and reasonable judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road sense" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine alla guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good judgment in avoiding trouble or accidents on the road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judiciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discretion", + "discreetness", + "circumspection", + "prudence" + ], + "it": [ + "discrezione", + "saviezza", + "tatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowing how to avoid embarrassment or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidentiality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discretion in keeping secret information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caution", + "precaution", + "care", + "forethought" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione", + "avvedutezza", + "avvertenza", + "cautela", + "circospezione", + "dolcezza", + "precauzione", + "prudenza", + "riguardo", + "cura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injudiciousness", + "indiscreetness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacking good judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ability", + "power" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "capacità", + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possession of the qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done" + ], + "it": [ + "l'essere in grado di fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know-how" + ], + "it": [ + "know-how" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the (technical) knowledge and skill required to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag of tricks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply of ways of accomplishing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisdom", + "sapience" + ], + "it": [ + "saggezza", + "saviezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability to apply knowledge or experience or understanding or common sense and insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leadership ability of a military general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendonio", + "intelligenza", + "raziocinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain", + "brainpower", + "learning ability", + "mental capacity", + "mentality", + "wit" + ], + "it": [ + "arguzia", + "lepidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadth", + "comprehensiveness", + "largeness" + ], + "it": [ + "comprensività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity to understand a broad range of topics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capaciousness", + "roominess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intellectual breadth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind", + "intellect" + ], + "it": [ + "cervello", + "intelligenza", + "levatura", + "mente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge and intellectual ability" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità intellettuale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonverbal intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence that is manifested in the performance of tasks requiring little or no use of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbal intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence in the use and comprehension of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental quickness", + "quickness", + "quick-wittedness" + ], + "it": [ + "sveltezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence as revealed by an ability to give correct responses without delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nimbleness", + "mental dexterity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence as revealed by quickness and alertness of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brilliance", + "genius" + ], + "it": [ + "genialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusual mental ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coruscation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden or striking display of brilliance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrotechnics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) brilliance of display (as in the performance of music)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brilliant display of wit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precociousness", + "precocity" + ], + "it": [ + "precocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence achieved far ahead of normal developmental schedules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuteness", + "acuity", + "sharpness", + "keenness" + ], + "it": [ + "acume", + "acutezza", + "argutezza", + "finezza", + "perspicacia", + "sagacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick and penetrating intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute intelligence (an analogy based on the well-known sharpness of steel traps)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brightness", + "cleverness", + "smartness" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "accortezza", + "capacità", + "intelligenza", + "valentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence as manifested in being quick and witty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft", + "craftiness", + "cunning", + "foxiness", + "guile", + "slyness", + "wiliness" + ], + "it": [ + "arte", + "furberia", + "furbizia", + "svegliatezza", + "astuzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrewdness", + "astuteness", + "perspicacity", + "perspicaciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "accorgimento", + "accortezza", + "acume", + "acutezza", + "astuzia", + "callidità", + "intelligenza", + "intuito", + "perspicacia", + "scaltrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insightfulness", + "acumen" + ], + "it": [ + "acume", + "acutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrewdness shown by keen insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knowingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrewdness demonstrated by knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street smarts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrewd ability to survive in a dangerous urban environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wits", + "marbles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aptitude" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine", + "facilità", + "predisposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inherent ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilingualism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to speak two languages colloquially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instinct", + "inherent aptitude" + ], + "it": [ + "istinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacity", + "mental ability" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to learn or retain knowledge; in law, the ability to understand the facts and significance of your behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capability", + "capableness", + "potentiality" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità", + "potenzialità", + "valentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aptitude that may be developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfectibility" + ], + "it": [ + "perfettibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of becoming perfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass", + "range", + "reach", + "grasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limit of capability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight", + "ken" + ], + "it": [ + "vista", + "visuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range of vision" + ], + "it": [ + "possibilità di vedere, campo visivo entro cui si percepisce la realtà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural ability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability that is inherited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endowment", + "gift", + "talent", + "natural endowment" + ], + "it": [ + "dote", + "estro", + "talento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural abilities or qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bent", + "knack", + "hang" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine", + "facilità", + "vocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special way of doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flair", + "genius" + ], + "it": [ + "attitudine", + "bernoccolo", + "genio", + "predisposzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural talent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw talent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerfully impressive talent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creativity", + "creativeness", + "creative thinking" + ], + "it": [ + "creatività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to create" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecundity", + "fruitfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "fecondità", + "prolificità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intellectual productivity of a creative imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passing above and beyond ordinary bounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genius", + "wizardry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exceptional creative ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imagination", + "imaginativeness", + "vision" + ], + "it": [ + "immaginativa", + "immaginazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaginary place", + "mythical place", + "fictitious place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place that exists only in imagination; a place said to exist in fictional or religious writings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterworld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where you are after you die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annwfn", + "Annwn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Welsh mythology) the other world; land of fairies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asgard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the heavenly dwelling of the Norse gods (the Aesir) and slain war heroes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according to legend, an island in the Atlantic Ocean that Plato said was swallowed by an earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brobdingnag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land imagined by Jonathan Swift where everything was enormous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud-cuckoo-land" + ], + "it": [ + "luna", + "mondo dei sogni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary place where you say people are when they seem optimistically out of touch with reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cockaigne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) an imaginary land of luxury and idleness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Dorado", + "eldorado" + ], + "it": [ + "eldorado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary place of great wealth and opportunity; sought in South America by 16th-century explorers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairyland", + "faerie", + "faery" + ], + "it": [ + "paese delle fate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enchanted realm of fairies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heaven" + ], + "it": [ + "cielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abode of God and the angels" + ], + "it": [ + "la sede di Dio e degli angeli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abraham's bosom", + "bosom of Abraham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where the just enjoy the peace of heaven after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celestial City", + "City of God", + "Heavenly City", + "Holy City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phrases used to refer to Heaven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elysium", + "Elysian Fields" + ], + "it": [ + "elisio", + "eliso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the abode of the blessed after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elysium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place or condition of ideal happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eden", + "Garden of Eden" + ], + "it": [ + "Eden", + "giardino dell'Eden", + "paradiso terrestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautiful garden where Adam and Eve were placed at the Creation; when they disobeyed and ate the forbidden fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil they were driven from their paradise (the fall of man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paradise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the abode of righteous souls after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Promised Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the goal towards which Christians strive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valhalla", + "Walhalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the hall in which the souls of heros slain in battle were received by Odin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hell", + "Hades", + "infernal region", + "netherworld", + "Scheol", + "underworld" + ], + "it": [ + "Ade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(religion) the world of the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hell", + "perdition", + "Inferno", + "infernal region", + "nether region", + "pit" + ], + "it": [ + "inferno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the abode of Satan and the forces of evil; where sinners suffer eternal punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houyhnhnms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land imagined by Jonathan Swift where intelligent horses ruled the Yahoos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gehenna", + "Tartarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where the wicked are punished after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellfire", + "red region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of eternal fire envisaged as punishment for the damned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laputa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land imagined by Jonathan Swift where impractical projects were pursued and practical projects neglected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilliput" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land imagined by Jonathan Swift that was inhabited by tiny people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limbo" + ], + "it": [ + "limbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) in Roman Catholicism, the place of unbaptized but innocent or righteous souls (such as infants and virtuous individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary place for lost or neglected things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midgard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the abode of humans in Norse mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "never-never land", + "dreamland", + "dreamworld" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo dei sogni", + "paese dei sogni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasing country existing only in dreams or imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purgatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) in Roman Catholic theology the place where those who have died in a state of grace undergo limited torment to expiate their sins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruritania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary kingdom in central Europe; often used as a scene for intrigue and romance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit world" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any imaginary place where spiritual beings (demons or fairies or angels or the like) abide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utopia", + "Zion", + "Sion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary place considered to be perfect or ideal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonderland" + ], + "it": [ + "paese delle meraviglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary realm of marvels or wonders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancy" + ], + "it": [ + "estro", + "fancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of imagination that was held by Coleridge to be more casual and superficial than true imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasy", + "phantasy" + ], + "it": [ + "arzigogolo", + "fantasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imagination unrestricted by reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe dream", + "dream" + ], + "it": [ + "sogno impossibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fantastic but vain hope (from fantasies induced by the opium pipe)" + ], + "it": [ + "una speranza probabilmente vana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasy life", + "phantasy life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary life lived in a fantasy world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasy world", + "phantasy world", + "fairyland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something existing solely in the imagination (but often mistaken for reality)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paracosm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolonged fantasy world invented by children; can have a definite geography and language and history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invention", + "innovation", + "excogitation", + "conception", + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "concezione", + "ideazione", + "invenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the creation of something in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventiveness", + "ingeniousness", + "ingenuity", + "cleverness" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasia", + "inventiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of creative imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resource", + "resourcefulness", + "imagination" + ], + "it": [ + "immaginazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to deal resourcefully with unusual problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armory", + "armoury", + "inventory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concoction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the invention of a scheme or story to suit some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrivance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty of contriving; inventive skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to think and act independently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innovativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originality by virtue of introducing new ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconventionality" + ], + "it": [ + "anticonformismo", + "libertinismo", + "non conformismo", + "nonconformismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originality by virtue of being unconventional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novelty", + "freshness" + ], + "it": [ + "novità", + "originalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originality by virtue of being new and surprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviation", + "airmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of operating aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eristic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of logical disputation (especially if specious)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falconry" + ], + "it": [ + "falconeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of training falcons to hunt and return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or science of strengthening defenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homiletics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of preaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of designing and making clocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrelsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of a minstrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musicianship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artistry in performing music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enology", + "oenology" + ], + "it": [ + "enologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of wine making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of making puppets and presenting puppet shows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxidermy" + ], + "it": [ + "imbalsamazione", + "tassidermia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of mounting the skins of animals so that they have lifelike appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telescopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of making and using telescopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventriloquism", + "ventriloquy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of projecting your voice so that it seems to come from another source (as from a ventriloquist's dummy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skill", + "science" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità", + "mestiere", + "valentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability to produce solutions in some problem domain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtuosity" + ], + "it": [ + "virtuosismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "technical skill or fluency or style exhibited by a virtuoso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bravura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brilliant and showy technical skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skill", + "accomplishment", + "acquirement", + "acquisition", + "attainment" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "arte", + "bravura", + "capacità", + "mestiere", + "valentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ability that has been acquired by training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft", + "craftsmanship", + "workmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "arte", + "bravura", + "maestria", + "perizia", + "abilità professionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in an occupation or trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsemanship" + ], + "it": [ + "equitazione", + "abilità di cavaliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in handling and riding horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literacy" + ], + "it": [ + "alfabetismo", + "il saper leggere e scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to read and write" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marksmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "abilità nel tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in shooting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skill of a master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in preparing mixed drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior skill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more than ordinary ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art", + "artistry", + "prowess" + ], + "it": [ + "arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior skill that you can learn by study and practice and observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numeracy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "il saper far di conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill with numbers and mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oarsmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill as an oarsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salesmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "arte del vendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in selling; skill in persuading people to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seamanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in sailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in handling boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showmanship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to present something (especially theatrical shows) in an attractive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldiering", + "soldiership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skills that are required for the life of soldier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swordsmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "abilità con la spada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in fencing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being cognitively skillful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expertness", + "expertise" + ], + "it": [ + "competenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness by virtue of possessing special knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professionalism" + ], + "it": [ + "professionalità", + "professionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expertness characteristic of a professional person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophistication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being expert or having knowledge of some technical subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being of coordinate importance, rank, or degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordination" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skillful and effective interaction of movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incoordination" + ], + "it": [ + "incoordinazione", + "matassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of coordination of movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "versatility" + ], + "it": [ + "proteismo", + "versatilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a wide variety of skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command", + "control", + "mastery" + ], + "it": [ + "controllo", + "magistero", + "padronanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adeptness", + "adroitness", + "deftness", + "facility", + "quickness" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità", + "destrezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillful performance or ability without difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deftness in handling matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finishing touch", + "capstone", + "copestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final touch; a crowning achievement; a culmination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dexterity", + "manual dexterity", + "sleight" + ], + "it": [ + "abilità manuale", + "destrezza", + "manualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adroitness in using the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness in speaking or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disfluency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of skillfulness in speaking or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proficiency", + "technique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness in the command of fundamentals deriving from practice and familiarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brushwork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist's distinctive technique of applying paint with a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musketry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the technique of using small arms (especially in battle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housecraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in domestic management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priestcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skills involved in the work of a priest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagecraft" + ], + "it": [ + "scenotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in writing or staging plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tradecraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill acquired through experience in a trade; often used to discuss skill in espionage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in the management of boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill in carving or fashioning objects from wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "efficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economy" + ], + "it": [ + "economia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the efficient use of resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inability" + ], + "it": [ + "inabilità", + "incapacità", + "inettezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of ability (especially mental ability) to do something" + ], + "it": [ + "mancanza di abilità (spec abilità mentale) a fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block", + "mental block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to remember or think of something you normally can do; often caused by emotional tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writer's block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to write" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupidity" + ], + "it": [ + "castronaggine", + "citrullaggine", + "coglionaggine", + "coglioneria", + "cretineria", + "grullaggine", + "idiozia", + "imbecillaggine", + "minchionaggine", + "minchioneria", + "ocaggine", + "ottusità", + "pecorume", + "scemenza", + "sciocchezza", + "stoltezza", + "stupidaggine", + "stupidezza", + "stupidità", + "tardità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor ability to understand or to profit from experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denseness", + "dumbness", + "slow-wittedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being mentally slow and limited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dullness", + "obtuseness" + ], + "it": [ + "balordaggine", + "ebetaggine", + "melensaggine", + "ottusità", + "scipitaggine", + "scipitezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being slow to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retardation", + "mental retardation", + "backwardness", + "slowness", + "subnormality" + ], + "it": [ + "ritardo", + "tardività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of normal development of intellectual capacities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnormality", + "mental defectiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retardation sufficient to fall outside the normal range of intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeblemindedness" + ], + "it": [ + "ebetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe mental deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moronity", + "mental deficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "deficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiocy", + "amentia" + ], + "it": [ + "frenastenia", + "idiotismo", + "idiozia", + "oligofrenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme mental retardation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbecility" + ], + "it": [ + "deficienza", + "imbecillaggine", + "imbecillità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retardation more severe than a moron but not as severe as an idiot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folly", + "foolishness", + "craziness", + "madness" + ], + "it": [ + "balordaggine", + "demenza", + "dissennatezza", + "insensatezza", + "scempiaggine", + "scempiataggine", + "scimunitaggine", + "stupidaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being rash and foolish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicative of or marked by mental vacuity and an absence of ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaptitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of aptitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talentlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of talent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incapability", + "incapableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of potential for development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperfectibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of becoming imperfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incapacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of intellectual power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unskillfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of cognitive skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awkwardness", + "clumsiness", + "ineptness", + "ineptitude", + "maladroitness", + "slowness" + ], + "it": [ + "dappocaggine", + "insipienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ineptitude or awkwardness as a consequence of age or lack of practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inefficiency" + ], + "it": [ + "inefficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unskillfulness resulting from a lack of efficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amateurishness" + ], + "it": [ + "dilettantismo", + "faciloneria", + "pressapochismo", + "pressappochismo", + "superficialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that demonstrates a lack of professional competency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illiteracy", + "analphabetism" + ], + "it": [ + "analfabetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncreativeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of creativity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of creative imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unoriginality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncreativeness due to a lack of originality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triteness", + "staleness" + ], + "it": [ + "banalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unoriginality as a result of being dull and hackneyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is considered amusing not because of its originality but because of its unoriginality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unoriginality as a result of being too conventional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faculty", + "mental faculty", + "module" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty or power of mental concentration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language", + "speech" + ], + "it": [ + "favella", + "linguaggio", + "parola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mental faculty or power of vocal communication" + ], + "it": [ + "la facoltà mentale della comunicazione vocale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexis" + ], + "it": [ + "lessico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the words in a language; all word forms having meaning or grammatical function" + ], + "it": [ + "tutte le parole di una lingua", + "tutte le forme lessicali che hanno significato o funzione grammaticale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocabulary", + "lexicon", + "mental lexicon" + ], + "it": [ + "lessico", + "lessico mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language user's knowledge of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory", + "retention", + "retentiveness", + "retentivity" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power of retaining and recalling past experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason", + "understanding", + "intellect" + ], + "it": [ + "intelletto", + "ragione", + "raziocinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense", + "sensation", + "sentience", + "sentiency", + "sensory faculty" + ], + "it": [ + "senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty through which the external world is apprehended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modality", + "sense modality", + "sensory system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volition", + "will" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitrio", + "volere", + "volontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione consapevole dei propri desideri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velleity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "volition in its weakest form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity", + "sensitiveness", + "sensibility" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) responsiveness to external stimuli; the faculty of sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuteness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensitivity that is keen and highly developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypersensitivity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "responsiveness", + "reactivity" + ], + "it": [ + "reattività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "responsive to stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excitability", + "irritability" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitabilità", + "irritabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive sensitivity of an organ or body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exteroception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity to stimuli originating outside of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interoception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity to stimuli originating inside of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photosensitivity", + "radiosensitivity" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity to the action of radiant energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight", + "vision", + "visual sense", + "visual modality" + ], + "it": [ + "vista", + "visione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to see; the visual faculty" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà di vedere e di percepire stimoli visivi attraverso l'organo di senso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal eyesight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somatosense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the sensory systems that mediate sensations of pressure and tickle and warmth and cold and vibration and limb position and limb movement and pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "sense of touch", + "skin senses", + "touch modality", + "cutaneous senses" + ], + "it": [ + "tatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body (especially the hands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromatic vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision using the rods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuity", + "visual acuity", + "sharp-sightedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharpness of vision; the visual ability to resolve fine detail (usually measured by a Snellen chart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twenty-twenty", + "20/20" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal visual acuity, as measured by the ability to read charts at a distance of 20 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxyopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unusually acute vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binocular vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision involving the use of both eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision using the fovea and parafovea; the middle part of the visual field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color vision", + "chromatic vision", + "trichromacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal ability to see colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision for objects that a 20 feet or more from the viewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyesight", + "seeing", + "sightedness" + ], + "it": [ + "vista", + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal use of the faculty of vision" + ], + "it": [ + "il vedere, la percezione visiva nel suo attuarsi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foveal vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision with the fovea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocular vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision with only one eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "near vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision for objects 2 feet or closer to the viewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night vision", + "night-sight", + "scotopic vision", + "twilight vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to see in reduced illumination (as in moonlight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daylight vision", + "photopic vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "normal vision in daylight; vision with sufficient illumination that the cones are active and hue is perceived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peripheral vision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vision at the edges of the visual field using only the periphery of the retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stereoscopic vision", + "stereoscopy" + ], + "it": [ + "stereoscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three-dimensional vision produced by the fusion of two slightly different views of a scene on each retina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing", + "audition", + "auditory sense", + "sense of hearing", + "auditory modality" + ], + "it": [ + "udito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to hear; the auditory faculty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute pitch", + "perfect pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchio assoluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to identify the pitch of a tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "gustation", + "sense of taste", + "gustatory modality" + ], + "it": [ + "gusto", + "palato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty of distinguishing sweet, sour, bitter, and salty properties in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell", + "sense of smell", + "olfaction", + "olfactory modality" + ], + "it": [ + "fiuto", + "naso", + "odorato", + "olfatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty that enables us to distinguish scents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sense of smell (especially in animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinesthesis", + "kinaesthesis", + "kinesthesia", + "kinaesthesia", + "kinesthetics", + "muscle sense", + "sense of movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to feel movements of the limbs and body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinanesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inability to sense movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibrium", + "labyrinthine sense", + "vestibular sense", + "sense of balance", + "sense of equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensory system located in structures of the inner ear that registers the orientation of the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprioception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to sense the position and location and orientation and movement of the body and its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somesthesia", + "somesthesis", + "somaesthesia", + "somaesthesis", + "somatesthesia", + "somataesthesis", + "somatosensory system", + "somatic sensory system", + "somatic sense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty of bodily perception; sensory systems associated with the body; includes skin senses and proprioception and the internal organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "method" + ], + "it": [ + "metodo", + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimental method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of controlled observations and measurements to test hypotheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching method", + "pedagogics", + "pedagogy" + ], + "it": [ + "metodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles and methods of instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socratic method", + "maieutic method" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of teaching by question and answer; used by Socrates to elicit truths from his students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "method of choice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best method to achieve a desired result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methodology" + ], + "it": [ + "metodica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of methods followed in a particular discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mnemonics" + ], + "it": [ + "mnemonica", + "mnemotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method or system for improving the memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solution" + ], + "it": [ + "soluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method for solving a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver bullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple guaranteed solution for a difficult problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system", + "system of rules" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinamento", + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of methods or rules governing behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that provides quantitative information about finances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of rules of conduct or method of practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame of reference", + "frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of assumptions and standards that sanction behavior and give it meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocabulary" + ], + "it": [ + "vocabolario", + "lessico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of techniques or symbols serving as a means of expression (as in arts or crafts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambling system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of rules for placing bets that is believed to lead to winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of conduct in which participants are trusted not to take unfair advantage of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic", + "logical system", + "system of logic" + ], + "it": [ + "logica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristotelian logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllogistic logic of Aristotle as developed by Boethius in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merit system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of employing and promoting civil servants on the basis of ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of evaluation based on awarding points according to rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoils system" + ], + "it": [ + "lottizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of principles for philosophic or scientific investigations; an instrument for acquiring knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technique" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practical method or art applied to some particular task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antialiasing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer graphics) a technique that is used to smooth jagged distortions in curves and diagonal lines so they appear smoother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benday process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photoengraving technique for adding shading or texture or tone to a printed image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dentistry) a technique for repairing a tooth; resinous material is applied to the surface of the tooth where it adheres to the tooth's enamel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) technique of one machine obtaining the same results as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminal emulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) having a computer act exactly like a terminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunofluorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "immunofluorescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(immunology) a technique that uses antibodies linked to a fluorescent dye in order to study antigens in a sample of tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photomechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the technique of using photomechanical methods to make photographs into plates for printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulation", + "computer simulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the technique of representing the real world by a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technicolor" + ], + "it": [ + "technicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trademarked method of making color motion pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge of how something is usually done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custom", + "tradition" + ], + "it": [ + "costumanza", + "tradizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific practice of long standing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convention", + "normal", + "pattern", + "rule", + "formula" + ], + "it": [ + "convenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something regarded as a normative example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sociology) the conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code of conduct", + "code of behavior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of conventional principles and expectations that are considered binding on any person who is a member of a particular group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a behavioral convention or pattern characteristic of all members of a particular culture or of all human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtly love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a highly conventionalized code of conduct for lovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight errantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the code of conduct observed by a knight errant who is wandering in search of deeds of chivalry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protocol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "code of correct conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit", + "wont" + ], + "it": [ + "abitudine", + "consuetudine", + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an established custom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hadith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a tradition based on reports of the sayings and activities of Muhammad and his companions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "institution" + ], + "it": [ + "istituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levirate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biblical institution whereby a man must marry the widow of his childless brother in order to maintain the brother's line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heritage" + ], + "it": [ + "eredità", + "patrimonio", + "retaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practices that are handed down from the past by tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive state", + "state of mind" + ], + "it": [ + "stato cognitivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of a person's cognitive processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthusiasm" + ], + "it": [ + "entusiasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglomania" + ], + "it": [ + "anglomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive enthusiasm for all things English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balletomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraordinary enthusiasm for ballets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concern" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse", + "preoccupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that interests you because it is important or affects you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worldly concern", + "earthly concern", + "world", + "earth" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interestedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being interested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter", + "affair", + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "affare", + "faccenda", + "fatto", + "roba", + "questione", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vaguely specified concern" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di problematiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least" + ], + "it": [ + "meno", + "minimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is of no importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal business", + "personal matters", + "affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matters of personal concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty linen", + "dirty laundry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal matters that could be embarrassing if made public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation" + ], + "it": [ + "quanto attiene a una certa persona o a un certo gruppo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point of honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concern that seriously reflects on your honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cult of personality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense devotion to a particular person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnesia", + "memory loss", + "blackout" + ], + "it": [ + "amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial or total loss of memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a disorder of memory in which dreams or fantasies are confused with reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anterograde amnesia", + "posttraumatic amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma; sometimes in effect for events during and for a long time following the trauma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrograde amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of memory for events immediately preceding a trauma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgetfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tendency to forget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a momentary lapse of memory (especially in older people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selective amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amnesia about particular events that is very convenient for the person who cannot remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthypnotic amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selective amnesia after being in a hypnotic state of events occurring during hypnosis or of information designated by the hypnotist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgetfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unawareness caused by neglectful or heedless failure to remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliviousness", + "oblivion" + ], + "it": [ + "obblivione", + "oblio", + "oblivione", + "scordamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total forgetfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transient global amnesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory disorder seen in middle aged and elderly persons; characterized by an episode of amnesia and bewilderment that lasts for several hours; person is otherwise alert and intellectually active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "readiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory tower" + ], + "it": [ + "torre d'avorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mind that is discussed as if it were a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza", + "consapevolezza", + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream of consciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuous flow of ideas and feelings that constitute an individual's conscious experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self", + "ego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your consciousness of your own identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Jungian psychology) the inner self (not the external persona) that is in touch with the unconscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awareness", + "consciousness", + "cognizance", + "cognisance", + "knowingness" + ], + "it": [ + "consapevolezza", + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having knowledge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incognizance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of knowledge or recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-awareness" + ], + "it": [ + "autocoscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "awareness of your own individuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's awareness of self with regard to position and time and place and personal relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-consciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "autoconsapevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-awareness plus the additional realization that others are similarly aware of you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unselfconsciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of being not self-conscious; unawareness of yourself or of others' views of yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intuitive awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense" + ], + "it": [ + "senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general conscious awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense of direction" + ], + "it": [ + "orientamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awareness of your orientation in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense of responsibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awareness of your obligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awareness", + "sentience" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of elementary or undifferentiated consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensibility", + "esthesia", + "aesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental responsiveness and awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of remaining awake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wakefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "veglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic state during which you are conscious and aware of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arousal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "awakening from sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of sleeplessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconsciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "incoscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state lacking normal awareness of the self or environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatic pilot", + "autopilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cognitive state in which you act without self-awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unknowingness", + "unawareness" + ], + "it": [ + "inconsapevolezza", + "inscienza", + "nescienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unconsciousness resulting from lack of knowledge or attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackout" + ], + "it": [ + "malore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a momentary loss of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grogginess", + "stupor", + "stupefaction", + "semiconsciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "disorientamento", + "stordimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marginal consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coma", + "comatoseness" + ], + "it": [ + "coma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deep and often prolonged unconsciousness; usually the result of disease or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetic coma", + "Kussmaul's coma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coma that can develop in inadequately treated cases of diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatic coma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coma that can occur in severe cases of liver disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrosleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unconsciousness brought about by the passage of a low voltage electric current through the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semicoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild comatose state; a coma from which the person can be roused by appropriate stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insensibility" + ], + "it": [ + "insensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of sensibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hebetude" + ], + "it": [ + "ebetismo", + "ebetudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental lethargy or dullness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trance" + ], + "it": [ + "trance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mind in which consciousness is fragile and voluntary action is poor or missing; a state resembling deep sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semitrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trancelike state in which the person can follow instructions but voluntary action is weak or absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnotic trance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trance induced by the use of hypnosis; the person accepts the suggestions of the hypnotist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious trance", + "ecstatic state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trance induced by intense religious devotion; does not show reduced bodily functions that are typical of other trances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcosis" + ], + "it": [ + "narcosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unconsciousness induced by narcotics or anesthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrogen narcosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confused or stuporous state caused by high levels of dissolved nitrogen in the blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subconsciousness" + ], + "it": [ + "subcoscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mind not immediately available to consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curiosity", + "wonder" + ], + "it": [ + "curiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in which you want to learn more about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire to know", + "lust for learning", + "thirst for knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curiosity that motivates investigation and study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest", + "involvement" + ], + "it": [ + "interesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curiousness", + "inquisitiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "curiosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of active curiosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosiness", + "prying", + "snoopiness" + ], + "it": [ + "curiosaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive inquisitiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confusion", + "mental confusion", + "confusedness", + "muddiness", + "disarray" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "subbuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental state characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion (usually transient) about where you are and how to proceed; uncertainty as to direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition of disorientation affecting someone who is suddenly exposed to an unfamiliar culture or way of life or set of attitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental turmoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daze", + "fog", + "haze" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "foschia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion characterized by lack of clarity" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione caratterizzata da mancanza di chiarezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion resulting from lack of preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jamais vu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of being unfamiliar with a person or situation that is actually very familiar; associated with certain types of epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bewilderment", + "obfuscation", + "puzzlement", + "befuddlement", + "mystification", + "bafflement", + "bemusement" + ], + "it": [ + "sfasamento", + "smarrimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confusion resulting from failure to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perplexity" + ], + "it": [ + "perplessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trouble or confusion resulting from complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystery", + "enigma", + "secret", + "closed book" + ], + "it": [ + "arcano", + "enigma", + "enimma", + "interrogativo", + "mistero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangle", + "snarl", + "maze" + ], + "it": [ + "avviluppamento", + "avviticchiamento", + "garbuglio", + "gomitolo", + "groviglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something jumbled or confused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilemma", + "quandary" + ], + "it": [ + "bivio", + "dilemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double bind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an unresolvable dilemma; situation in which a person receives contradictory messages from a person who is very powerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something immaterial (as a circumstance or influence) that contributes to producing a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine guidance", + "inspiration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) a special influence of a divinity on the minds of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difficulty" + ], + "it": [ + "difficoltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factor causing trouble in achieving a positive result or tending to produce a negative result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble", + "problem" + ], + "it": [ + "casino", + "guaio", + "problema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where problems or difficulties are likely to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can of worms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of unpredictable trouble and complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growing pains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "problems that arise in enlarging an enterprise (especially in the early stages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trouble that cannot be overcome by a single effort because of its many aspects or its persistent and pervasive quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(a dated Briticism) a serious difficulty with which one is suddenly faced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficulty that is hard to deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficulty or flaw in a plan or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very disagreeable difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitfall", + "booby trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unforeseen or unexpected or surprising difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something outstandingly difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindrance", + "hinderance", + "deterrent", + "impediment", + "balk", + "baulk", + "check", + "handicap" + ], + "it": [ + "deterrente", + "impaccio", + "impedimento", + "impiccio", + "ostacolo", + "remora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albatross", + "millstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) something that hinders or handicaps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that hinders as if with bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diriment impediment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(canon law) an impediment that invalidates a marriage (such as the existence of a prior marriage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that slows or delays progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstacle", + "obstruction" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "impaccio", + "impedimento", + "incaglio", + "inciampo", + "intoppo", + "intralcio", + "ostacolo", + "ostruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straitjacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything immaterial that severely hinders or confines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrier", + "roadblock" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "muraglia", + "muro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang-up", + "hitch", + "rub", + "snag" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattempo", + "difficoltà", + "intoppo", + "intralcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unforeseen obstacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurdle" + ], + "it": [ + "difficoltà", + "ostacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstacle that you are expected to overcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stymie", + "stymy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thwarting and distressing situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideological barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier to cooperation or interaction resulting from conflicting ideologies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impenetrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy; used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the demarcation between democratic and communist countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barrier to communication resulting from speaking different languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideological barrier around communist China especially in the 1950s and 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color bar", + "colour bar", + "color line", + "colour line", + "Jim Crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barrier preventing blacks from participating in various activities with whites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determinant", + "determiner", + "determinative", + "determining factor", + "causal factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a determining or causal element or factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clincher", + "decisive factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point or fact or remark that settles something conclusively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence" + ], + "it": [ + "influsso", + "influenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cognitive factor that tends to have an effect on what you do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imponderable" + ], + "it": [ + "imponderabile", + "imprevedibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factor whose effects cannot be accurately assessed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morale builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone who influences by building or strengthening morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pestilence", + "canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pernicious and malign influence that is hard to get rid of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggio", + "conferma", + "conforto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor", + "mainstay", + "keystone", + "backbone", + "linchpin", + "lynchpin" + ], + "it": [ + "pilastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central cohesive source of support and stability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support that enables people to survive or to continue doing something (often by providing an essential connection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temptation", + "enticement" + ], + "it": [ + "adescamento", + "allettamento", + "esca", + "insidia", + "lenocinio", + "pania", + "tentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that seduces or has the quality to seduce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forbidden fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto proibito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally an apple from the tree of knowledge of good and evil in the Garden of Eden; it is now used to refer to anything that is tempting but dangerous (as sexuality)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait", + "come-on", + "hook", + "lure", + "sweetener" + ], + "it": [ + "amo", + "esca", + "pania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that serves as an enticement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allurement" + ], + "it": [ + "lusinga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equivalent" + ], + "it": [ + "controvalore", + "equivalente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona o cosa uguale ad un'altra per valore, misura, forza, effetto, significato, etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpart", + "opposite number", + "vis-a-vis" + ], + "it": [ + "omologo", + "controparte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ], + "it": [ + "abbinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that resembles or harmonizes with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad or unsuitable match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two parts that mutually complete each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitute", + "replacement" + ], + "it": [ + "ricambio", + "sostituto", + "succedaneo", + "surrogato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ersatz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial or inferior substitute or imitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "successor" + ], + "it": [ + "successore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thing or person that immediately replaces something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succedaneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) something that can be used as a substitute (especially any medicine that may be taken in place of another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certainty" + ], + "it": [ + "certezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being certain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assurance", + "self-assurance", + "confidence", + "self-confidence", + "authority", + "sureness" + ], + "it": [ + "baldanza", + "fiducia in se stesso", + "sicurezza", + "sicurezza di sé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities" + ], + "it": [ + "fiducia in se stessi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certitude", + "cocksureness", + "overconfidence" + ], + "it": [ + "certezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliance", + "trust" + ], + "it": [ + "affidamento", + "assegnamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "certainty based on past experience" + ], + "it": [ + "affidamento sicuro che si fa su qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubt", + "uncertainty", + "incertitude", + "dubiety", + "doubtfulness", + "dubiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "dubbio", + "dubbiosità", + "forse", + "incertezza", + "problematicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of being unsure of something" + ], + "it": [ + "stato di insicurezza nei confronti di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental reservation", + "reservation", + "arriere pensee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misgiving", + "mistrust", + "distrust", + "suspicion" + ], + "it": [ + "diffidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doubt about someone's honesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incredulity", + "disbelief", + "skepticism", + "mental rejection" + ], + "it": [ + "incredulità", + "miscredenza", + "scetticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doubt about the truth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indecision", + "indecisiveness", + "irresolution" + ], + "it": [ + "barcollamento", + "barcollio", + "dondolamento", + "increspamento", + "indecisione", + "irresoluzione", + "irrisoluzione", + "ondeggiamento", + "pendolamento", + "tentennare", + "tentennio", + "titubanza", + "traballamento", + "vacillamento", + "vacillazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doubt concerning two or more possible alternatives or courses of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hesitation", + "vacillation", + "wavering" + ], + "it": [ + "esitazione", + "tentennamento", + "tentennare", + "tentennio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indecision in speech or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peradventure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doubt or uncertainty as to whether something is the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspense" + ], + "it": [ + "suspense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncertain cognitive state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morbidity", + "morbidness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally gloomy or unhealthy state of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation", + "preoccupancy", + "absorption", + "engrossment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mental state of being preoccupied by something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsession", + "fixation" + ], + "it": [ + "fisima", + "fissa", + "fissazione", + "ossessione", + "mania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unhealthy and compulsive preoccupation with something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractedness", + "abstraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation with something to the exclusion of all else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverie", + "revery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstracted state of absorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of mind characterized by abstraction and release from reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deep absorption or thoughtfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absentmindedness" + ], + "it": [ + "disattenzione", + "distrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation so great that the ordinary demands on attention are ignored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process", + "cognitive process", + "mental process", + "operation", + "cognitive operation" + ], + "it": [ + "processo cognitivo", + "processo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process", + "unconscious process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental process that you are not directly aware of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic cognitive process" + ], + "it": [ + "processo cognitivo di base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cognitive processes involved in obtaining and storing knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention", + "attending" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione", + "avvertenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention span" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità di concentrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the length of time you can concentrate on some idea or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attentiveness", + "heed", + "regard", + "paying attention" + ], + "it": [ + "cura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paying particular notice (as to children or helpless people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock-watching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paying excessive attention to the clock (in anticipation of stopping work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attention to what is said" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attention to what is seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice", + "observation", + "observance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of noticing or paying attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polite or favorable attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attention" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione", + "nelle espressioni: \"non metti testa in quello che fai\" \"perchè non ci metti un pò di cervello?\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertence", + "advertency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of being heedful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration", + "engrossment", + "absorption", + "immersion" + ], + "it": [ + "concentrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete attention; intense mental effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special attention with intent to remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus", + "focusing", + "focussing", + "focal point", + "direction", + "centering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concentration of attention or energy on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particularism" + ], + "it": [ + "particolarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a focus on something particular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialism" + ], + "it": [ + "specialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concentration of your efforts on a particular field of study or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of deep mental absorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotional preoccupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbyhorse" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo fisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a topic to which one constantly reverts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchfulness", + "wakefulness", + "vigilance", + "alertness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of paying close and continuous attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jealousy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "zealous vigilance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inattention" + ], + "it": [ + "disattenzione", + "distrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inattentiveness", + "heedlessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of attentiveness (as to children or helpless people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstacle to attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disregard", + "neglect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of attention and due care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversight", + "inadvertence" + ], + "it": [ + "disattenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unintentional omission resulting from failure to notice something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neglecting to do something; leaving out or passing over something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretermission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "letting pass without notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exception", + "exclusion", + "elision" + ], + "it": [ + "eccezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate act of omission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intuition" + ], + "it": [ + "intuito", + "intuizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeling", + "intuitive feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intuitive understanding of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprachgefuhl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intuitive feeling for the natural idiom of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnosis" + ], + "it": [ + "gnosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intuitive knowledge of spiritual truths; said to have been possessed by ancient Gnostics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insight", + "sixth sense" + ], + "it": [ + "acume", + "intuito", + "perspicacia", + "sesto senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasping the inner nature of things intuitively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immediacy", + "immediate apprehension" + ], + "it": [ + "immediatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immediate intuitive awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perception" + ], + "it": [ + "percezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of perceiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apperception" + ], + "it": [ + "appercezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process whereby perceived qualities of an object are related to past experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constancy", + "perceptual constancy" + ], + "it": [ + "costanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the tendency for perceived objects to give rise to very similar perceptual experiences in spite of wide variations in the conditions of observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brightness constancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency for a visual object to be perceived as having the same brightness under widely different conditions of illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color constancy", + "colour constancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency for a color to look the same under widely different viewing conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape constancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to perceive the shape of a rigid object as constant despite differences in the viewing angle (and consequent differences in the shape of the pattern projected on the retina of the eye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size constancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency to perceive the veridical size of a familiar object despite differences in their distance (and consequent differences in the size of the pattern projected on the retina of the eye)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge gained by perceiving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discernment", + "perceptiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perception of that which is obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetration", + "insight" + ], + "it": [ + "intuizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear or deep perception of a situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognizance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "range or scope of what is perceived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remark" + ], + "it": [ + "commento", + "osservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explicit notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detection", + "sensing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perception that something has occurred or some state exists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual perception", + "beholding", + "seeing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perception by means of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast" + ], + "it": [ + "contrasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual perception of familiar faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual perception of familiar objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual perception of space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory perception", + "sound perception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perception of sound as a meaningful phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech perception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the auditory perception (and comprehension) of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical perception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the auditory perception of musical sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melody", + "tonal pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perception of pleasant arrangements of musical notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensation", + "esthesis", + "aesthesis", + "sense experience", + "sense impression", + "sense datum" + ], + "it": [ + "impressione", + "sensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threshold", + "limen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest detectable sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute threshold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain threshold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest intensity of stimulation at which pain is experienced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "difference threshold", + "differential threshold", + "difference limen", + "differential limen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest change in stimulation that a person can detect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "just-noticeable difference", + "jnd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychophysics) the difference between two stimuli that (under properly controlled experimental conditions) is detected as often as it is undetected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blocking of one sensation resulting from the presence of another sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vision", + "visual sensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perceptual experience of seeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell", + "odor", + "odour", + "olfactory sensation", + "olfactory perception" + ], + "it": [ + "odore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scent" + ], + "it": [ + "odore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odor left in passing by which a person or animal can be traced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musk" + ], + "it": [ + "muschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scent of a greasy glandular secretion from the male musk deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aroma", + "fragrance", + "perfume", + "scent" + ], + "it": [ + "profumo", + "fragranza", + "aroma", + "effluvio", + "olezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive odor that is pleasant" + ], + "it": [ + "un odore piacevole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense" + ], + "it": [ + "incenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pleasing scent produced when incense is burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malodor", + "malodour", + "stench", + "stink", + "reek", + "fetor", + "foetor", + "mephitis" + ], + "it": [ + "afrore", + "ammorbamento", + "bestino", + "effluvio", + "fetidume", + "fetore", + "leppo", + "lezzo", + "miasma", + "olezzo", + "pestilenza", + "puzza", + "puzzo", + "puzzore", + "sito", + "tanfo", + "zaffata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive odor that is offensively unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niff", + "pong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "taste sensation", + "gustatory sensation", + "taste perception", + "gustatory perception" + ], + "it": [ + "sapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relish", + "flavor", + "flavour", + "sapidity", + "savor", + "savour", + "smack", + "nip", + "tang" + ], + "it": [ + "gusto", + "sapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive tart flavor characteristic of lemons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive fragrant flavor characteristic of vanilla beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet", + "sweetness", + "sugariness" + ], + "it": [ + "dolcezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when sugar dissolves in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour", + "sourness", + "tartness" + ], + "it": [ + "acidità", + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when vinegar or lemon juice is taken into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidity", + "acidulousness" + ], + "it": [ + "acido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when something acidic is taken into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter", + "bitterness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when quinine or coffee is taken into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acridity" + ], + "it": [ + "asprezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having an acrid smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt", + "saltiness", + "salinity" + ], + "it": [ + "salinità", + "salso", + "sapore salato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the taste experience when common salt is taken into the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astringency", + "astringence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp astringent taste; the taste experience when a substance causes the mouth to pucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deficiency in flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taste (especially of fruit) that is ripe and of full flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound", + "auditory sensation" + ], + "it": [ + "rumore", + "suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subjective sensation of hearing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music", + "euphony" + ], + "it": [ + "musica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agreeable (pleasing and harmonious) sounds" + ], + "it": [ + "suono o rumore particolarmente armonioso e quindi piacevole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the sounds produced by singers or musical instruments (or reproductions of such sounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of music produced by a piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music of the spheres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inaudible music that Pythagoras thought was produced by the celestial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "pure tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady sound without overtones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonic" + ], + "it": [ + "armonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tone that is a component of a complex sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamental", + "fundamental frequency", + "first harmonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest tone of a harmonic series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtone", + "partial", + "partial tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harmonic with a frequency that is a multiple of the fundamental frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise", + "dissonance", + "racket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the auditory experience of sound that lacks musical quality; sound that is a disagreeable auditory experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the new sounds added by dubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synesthesia", + "synaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensation that normally occurs in one sense modality occurs when another modality is stimulated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromesthesia", + "chromaesthesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of synesthesia in which nonvisual stimulation results in the experience of color sensations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colored hearing", + "colored audition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of chromesthesia in which experiences of color accompany auditory stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somesthesia", + "somaesthesia", + "somatesthesia", + "somatic sensation" + ], + "it": [ + "sensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perception of tactual or proprioceptive or gut sensations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical sensation that you experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constriction", + "tightness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight feeling in some part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactual sensation", + "tactility", + "touch perception", + "skin perceptiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty of perceiving (via the skin) pressure or heat or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinesthesia", + "kinaesthesia", + "feeling of movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the perception of body position and movement and muscular tensions etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "touch sensation", + "tactual sensation", + "tactile sensation", + "feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensation produced by pressure receptors in the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pins and needles" + ], + "it": [ + "formicolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp tingling sensation from lack of circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickling", + "tingle", + "tingling" + ], + "it": [ + "formicolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a somatic sensation as from many tiny prickles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creepiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uneasy sensation as of insects creeping on your skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutaneous sensation", + "haptic sensation", + "skin sensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensation localized on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cutaneous sensation often resulting from light stroking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itch", + "itchiness", + "itching" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicore", + "prurito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irritating cutaneous sensation that produces a desire to scratch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruritus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense itching sensation that can have various causes (as by allergies or infection or lymphoma or jaundice etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruritus ani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chronic itching of the skin around the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruritus vulvae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent itching of the external female genitalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topognosia", + "topognosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognition of the location of a stimulus on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urtication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensation of having been stung by nettles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure", + "pressure sensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain", + "pain sensation", + "painful sensation" + ], + "it": [ + "dolore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a somatic sensation of acute discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mittelschmerz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain in the area of the ovary that is felt at the time of ovulation (usually midway through the menstrual cycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phantom limb pain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pain felt by an amputee that seems to be located in the missing limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinge" + ], + "it": [ + "fitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp stab of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the somatic sensation of cold or heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat", + "warmth" + ], + "it": [ + "caldo", + "calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensation caused by heat energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i66999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold", + "coldness" + ], + "it": [ + "freddo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sensation produced by low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temperature range (between 28 and 30 degrees Centigrade) at which the naked human body is able to maintain a heat balance without shivering or sweating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process that leads to convictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doublethink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "believing two contradictory ideas at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structure" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrangement", + "organization", + "organisation", + "system" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione", + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized structure for arranging or classifying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classification system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for classifying things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewey decimal classification", + "Dewey decimal system", + "decimal system of classification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system used by libraries to classify nonfictional publications into subject categories; the subject is indicated by a three-digit numeral and further specification is given by numerals following a decimal point; publications are shelved by number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrivance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial or unnatural or obviously contrived arrangement of details or parts etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate system", + "frame of reference", + "reference system", + "reference frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that uses coordinates to establish position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartesian coordinate system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coordinate system for which the coordinates of a point are its distances from a set perpendicular lines that intersect at the origin of the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data structure" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura dati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the organization of data (and its storage allocations in a computer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design", + "plan" + ], + "it": [ + "piano", + "progettazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution", + "statistical distribution" + ], + "it": [ + "distribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equidistribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat distribution having equal frequencies of occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graphical representation of the arrangement of genes on a chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinship system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) the system of social relationships that constitute kinship in a particular culture, including the terminology that is used and the reciprocal obligations that are entailed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lattice" + ], + "it": [ + "reticolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of points or particles or objects in a regular periodic pattern in 2 or 3 dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living arrangement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement to allow people (or ideas) to coexist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redundancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topology", + "network topology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the configuration of a communication network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus topology", + "bus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topology of a network whose components are connected by a busbar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop topology", + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topology of a network whose components are serially connected in such a way that the last component is connected to the first component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star topology", + "star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topology of a network whose components are connected to a hub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesh topology", + "mesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topology of a network whose components are all connected directly to every other component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical topology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of the network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logical topology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way the network works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitization", + "unitisation", + "chunking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the configuration of smaller units of information into large coordinated units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "configuration", + "constellation" + ], + "it": [ + "configurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of parts or elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space lattice", + "crystal lattice", + "Bravais lattice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 3-dimensional geometric arrangement of the atoms or molecules or ions composing a crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarchical structure", + "hierarchical data structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure of data having several levels arranged in a treelike structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarchical classification system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classification system where entries are arranged based on some hierarchical structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file system", + "filing system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of classifying into files (usually arranged alphabetically)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classification", + "categorization", + "categorisation", + "sorting" + ], + "it": [ + "classificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic cognitive process of arranging into classes or categories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouping", + "pigeonholing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for classifying things into groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rating system", + "scoring system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of classifying according to quality or merit or amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ABO blood group system", + "ABO system", + "ABO group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classification system for the antigens of human blood; used in blood transfusion therapy; four groups are A and B and AB and O" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appraisal", + "assessment" + ], + "it": [ + "valutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critical appraisal", + "critical analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appraisal based on careful analytical evaluation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticism", + "critique" + ], + "it": [ + "critica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious examination and judgment of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critical study (as of a writer's work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negative criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-criticism" + ], + "it": [ + "autocritica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticism of yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attribution", + "ascription" + ], + "it": [ + "attribuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assigning to a cause or source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attribution", + "ascription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assigning some quality or character to a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoomorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribution of animal forms or qualities to a god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribution of consciousness and personality to natural phenomena such as thunderstorms and earthquakes and to objects such as plants and stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imputation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attribution to a source or cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "externalization", + "externalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "esteriorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attributing to outside causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-classification", + "cross-division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classification according to more than one attribute at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporating something under a more general category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaluation", + "valuation", + "rating" + ], + "it": [ + "estimazione", + "perizia", + "stima", + "valutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appraisal of the value of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overvaluation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too high a value or price assigned to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undervaluation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too low a value or price assigned to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pricing" + ], + "it": [ + "monetizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evaluation of something in terms of its price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price gouging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pricing above the market price when no alternative retailer is available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reevaluation" + ], + "it": [ + "rivalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evaluation of something a second time (or more)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark", + "grade", + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "voto", + "punteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number or letter indicating quality (especially of a student's performance)" + ], + "it": [ + "numero che esprime la valutazione di merito data a un alunno o a un candidato in una prova, in una serie di prove o in un esame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numerical value assigned to a letter grade received in a course taken at a college or university multiplied by the number of credit hours awarded for the course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percentile", + "centile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) any of the 99 numbered points that divide an ordered set of scores into 100 parts each of which contains one-hundredth of the total" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) any of nine points that divided a distribution of ranked scores into equal intervals where each interval contains one-tenth of the scores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) any of three points that divide an ordered distribution into four parts each containing one quarter of the scores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond rating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evaluation by a rating company of the probability that a particular bond issue will default" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assay", + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appraisal of the state of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercheck", + "double check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that checks the correctness of a previous check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic test", + "diagnostic assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assay conducted for diagnostic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apgar score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assessment of the physical condition of a newborn infant; involves heart rate and muscle tone and respiratory effort and color and reflex responsiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutination test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood test used to identify unknown antigens; blood with the unknown antigen is mixed with a known antibody and whether or not agglutination occurs helps to identify the antigen; used in tissue matching and blood grouping and diagnosis of infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterophil test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood test to detect heterophil antibodies that agglutinate sheep red blood cells; positive result indicates infectious mononucleosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Widal test", + "Widal's test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test for detecting typhoid fever and other salmonella infections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioassay", + "bio-assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appraisal of the biological activity of a substance by testing its effect on an organism and comparing the result with some agreed standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunoassay", + "immunochemical assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification of a substance (especially a protein) by its action as an antigen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioimmunoassay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immunoassay of a substance that has been radioactively labeled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biopsy" + ], + "it": [ + "biopsia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloze procedure", + "cloze test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test for diagnosing reading ability; words are deleted from a prose passage and the reader is required to fill in the blanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fecal occult test", + "faecal occult test", + "stool test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test performed at home in which you collect specimens of your stool that are tested for traces of blood; used to detect colorectal cancers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "GI series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic tests of the alimentary canal; usually involves inserting a contrast medium (such as barium sulfate) and taking an X-ray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glucose tolerance test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test of the body's ability to metabolize carbohydrates; used in the diagnosis of hypoglycemia and diabetes mellitus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement fixation test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood test in which a sample of serum is exposed to a particular antigen and complement in order to determine whether or not antibodies to that particular antigen are present; used as a diagnostic test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wassermann test", + "Wasserman reaction", + "Wassermann" + ], + "it": [ + "wassermann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood test to detect syphilis; a complement fixation test is used to detect antibodies to the syphilis organism treponema; a positive reaction indicates the presence of antibodies and therefore syphilis infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood test" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi del sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serologic analysis of a sample of blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "PSA blood test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blood test that measures levels of a protein called prostate specific antigen that is manufactured exclusively by the prostate gland; men with prostate problems usually have elevated levels of PSA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorionic villus sampling", + "chorionic villus biopsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prenatal test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy; tissue from the chorionic villi is assayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle biopsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biopsy of deep tissue that is obtained through a hollow needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pap test", + "Papanicolaou test", + "smear test" + ], + "it": [ + "pap-test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of examining stained cells in a cervical smear for early diagnosis of uterine cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paternity test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test based on blood groups to determine whether a particular man could be the biological father of a particular child; negative results prove he was not the father but positive results show only that he could be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "PKU test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of newborn infants for phenylketonuria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physiological test to determine whether a woman is pregnant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friedman test", + "rabbit test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pregnancy test that involves injecting some of the woman's urine into an unmated female rabbit and later examining the ovaries of the rabbit; presence of corpora lutea indicates that the woman is pregnant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queckenstedt's test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test to determine whether there is a blockage of the spinal canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive iodine test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test of thyroid function in which the patient is given an oral dose of radioactive iodine-131" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive iodine excretion test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive iodine test that measures the amount of radioactive iodine excreted in the urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radioactive iodine uptake test", + "RAIU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radioactive iodine test that measures the amount of radioactive iodine taken up by the thyroid gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubin test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test to determine the patency or occlusion of the Fallopian tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin test" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any test to determine immunity or sensitivity to a disease by introducing small amounts on or into the skin" + ], + "it": [ + "prova di reazione cutanea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dick test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin test to determine your susceptibility to scarlet fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test to determine allergic sensitivity by applying small pads soaked with allergen to the unbroken skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schick test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin test for immunity to diphtheria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test to determine allergic sensitivity to various substances by applying them to scratches in the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuberculin test", + "tuberculin skin test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skin test to determine past or present infection with the tuberculosis bacterium; based on hypersensitivity of the skin to tuberculin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantoux test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberculin (a derivative of tubercle bacillus) is injected intradermally; a red area appearing 1-3 days later signifies an exposure (past or present) to tubercle bacilli and the need for further testing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tine test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuberculin test in which a disk with several tines bearing tuberculin antigen is used to puncture the skin; development of a hard red area indicates past or present exposure to tubercle bacilli and the need for further testing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intradermal test", + "subcutaneous test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of skin test in which the suspected allergen is injected into the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tissue typing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of diagnostic tests before an organ transplant to determine whether the tissues of a donor and recipient are compatible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snellen test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of visual acuity using a Snellen chart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test measuring how a system functions when subjected to controlled amounts of stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadmill test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stress test in which the patient walks on a moving treadmill while the heart and breathing rates are monitored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigorous or crucial appraisal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reappraisal", + "revaluation", + "review", + "reassessment" + ], + "it": [ + "ridimensionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new appraisal or evaluation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocktaking", + "stock-taking" + ], + "it": [ + "inventario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reappraisal of a situation or position or outlook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underevaluation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appraisal that underestimates the value of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discrimination", + "secernment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process whereby two or more stimuli are distinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiation", + "distinction" + ], + "it": [ + "distinguo", + "distinzione", + "differenziazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discrimination between things as different and distinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradistinction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinction drawn on the basis of contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line", + "dividing line", + "demarcation", + "contrast" + ], + "it": [ + "contrasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conceptual separation or distinction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubicon", + "point of no return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that when crossed permits of no return and typically results in irrevocable commitment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairsplitting", + "word-splitting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making too fine distinctions of little importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individualization", + "individualisation", + "individuation" + ], + "it": [ + "individuazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discriminating the individual from the generic group or species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "appreciation", + "discernment", + "perceptiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "buon gusto", + "buongusto", + "finezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate discrimination (especially of aesthetic values)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtu", + "vertu", + "connoisseurship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "love of or taste for fine objects of art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vogue", + "trend", + "style" + ], + "it": [ + "tendenza", + "voga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the popular taste at a given time" + ], + "it": [ + "il gusto diffuso in un certo periodo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Look" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of women's clothing created by Christian Dior in 1947; involved a tight bodice and narrow waist and a flowing pleated skirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion" + ], + "it": [ + "moda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the latest and most admired style in clothes and cosmetics and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "taglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style in which a garment is cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haute couture", + "high fashion", + "high style" + ], + "it": [ + "haute-couture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trend-setting fashions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fad", + "craze", + "furor", + "furore", + "cult", + "rage" + ], + "it": [ + "moda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interest followed with exaggerated zeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashion reminiscent of the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandwagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular trend that attracts growing support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delicacy", + "discretion" + ], + "it": [ + "delicatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refined taste; tact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture" + ], + "it": [ + "cultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterculture" + ], + "it": [ + "controcultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a culture with lifestyles and values opposed to those of the established culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the culture that is widely disseminated via the mass media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counterculture of young people in the US during the 1960s and 70s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the literary culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learning", + "acquisition" + ], + "it": [ + "apprendimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioning" + ], + "it": [ + "condizionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learning process in which an organism's behavior becomes dependent on the occurrence of a stimulus in its environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developmental learning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learning that takes place as a normal part of cognitive development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learning and coming to understand ideas and information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "education" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internalization", + "internalisation", + "incorporation" + ], + "it": [ + "interiorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learning (of values or attitudes etc.) that is incorporated within yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introjection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) unconscious internalization of aspects of the world (especially aspects of persons) within the self in such a way that the internalized representation takes over the psychological functions of the external objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introjection" + ], + "it": [ + "introiezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the internalization of the parent figures and their values; leads to the formation of the superego" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprinting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learning process in early life whereby species specific patterns of behavior are established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language learning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learning to use a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio lingual acquisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of language acquisition focusing intensively on listening and speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorization", + "memorisation", + "committal to memory" + ], + "it": [ + "memorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learning so as to be able to remember verbatim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rote", + "rote learning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memorization by repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the theories of Jean Piaget: the modification of internal representations in order to accommodate a changing knowledge of reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the theories of Jean Piaget: the application of a general schema to a particular instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading)" + ], + "it": [ + "applicazione della mente volta all'apprendimento o alla conoscenza di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "transfer of training", + "carry-over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application of a skill learned in one situation to a different but similar situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalization", + "generalisation", + "stimulus generalization", + "stimulus generalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Pavolvian conditioning) the elicitation of a conditioned response by stimulation similar but not identical to the original stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical education" + ], + "it": [ + "educazione fisica", + "ginnastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training in the development of and care for the human body; stresses athletics; includes hygiene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acculturation", + "assimilation" + ], + "it": [ + "acculturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of assimilating new ideas into an existing cognitive structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming proficient in the use of something; having mastery of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-education", + "self-cultivation" + ], + "it": [ + "autodidattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of educating yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school", + "schooling" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of being formally educated at a school" + ], + "it": [ + "l'insieme delle attività di istruzione che una data cultura pratica per tramandarsi alle nuove generazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education of physically or mentally handicapped children whose needs cannot be met in an ordinary classroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocational training", + "vocational education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "training for a specific vocation in industry or agriculture or trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experience" + ], + "it": [ + "esperienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiarization", + "familiarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of becoming familiar with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skill and experience in matters relating to the woods (as hunting or fishing or camping)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction", + "experimental extinction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aversive conditioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conditioning to avoid an aversive stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioned emotional response", + "CER", + "conditioned emotion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotional response that has been acquired by conditioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical conditioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conditioning that pairs a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that evokes a reflex; the stimulus that evokes the reflex is given whether or not the conditioned response occurs until eventually the neutral stimulus comes to evoke the reflex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumental conditioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operant conditioning that pairs a response with a reinforcement in discrete trials; reinforcement occurs only after the response is given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operant conditioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conditioning in which an operant response is brought under stimulus control by virtue of presenting reinforcement contingent upon the occurrence of the operant response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter conditioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conditioning in which a second incompatible response is conditioned to an already conditioned stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory", + "remembering" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-term memory", + "STM", + "immediate memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what you can repeat immediately after perceiving it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working memory" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory for intermediate results that must be held during thinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long-term memory", + "LTM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your general store of remembered information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episodic memory", + "personal memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory for episodes in your own life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantic memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor memory", + "muscle memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your memory for motor skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrieval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive operation of accessing information in memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall", + "recollection", + "reminiscence" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria", + "ricordo", + "reminiscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of remembering (especially the process of recovering information by mental effort)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remembrance", + "recollection", + "anamnesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to recall past occurrences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "animo", + "memoria", + "mente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall or remembrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconstruction", + "reconstructive memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall that is hypothesized to work by storing abstract features which are then used to construct the memory during recall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduction", + "reproductive memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall that is hypothesized to work by storing the original stimulus input and reproducing it during recall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regurgitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall after rote memorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reminiscence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental impression retained and recalled from the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition", + "identification" + ], + "it": [ + "riconoscimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity" + ], + "it": [ + "identità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the individual characteristics by which a thing or person is recognized or known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speaker identification", + "talker identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification of a person from the sound of their voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association", + "connection", + "connexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of bringing ideas or events together in memory or imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colligation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the connection of isolated facts by a general hypothesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlap", + "convergence", + "intersection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of common ground between theories or phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossroads" + ], + "it": [ + "bivio", + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point where a choice must be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the overlap where two theories or phenomena affect each other or have links with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrospection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "memory for experiences that are past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representational process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any basic cognitive process in which some entity comes to stand for or represent something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbol", + "symbolization", + "symbolisation", + "symbolic representation" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typification", + "exemplification" + ], + "it": [ + "tipizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representational or typifying form or model" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typical example of some state or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpretation", + "interpreting", + "rendition", + "rendering" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation of something that is not immediately obvious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad interpretation", + "judicial activism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation of the U.S. constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decisions (particularly decisions of the Supreme Court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depicting", + "depiction", + "portraying", + "portrayal" + ], + "it": [ + "raffigurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation by picture or portraiture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faithful depiction or reflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropomorphism", + "theanthropism" + ], + "it": [ + "antropomorfismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representation of objects (especially a god) as having human form or traits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theanthropism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) the doctrine that Jesus was a union of the human and the divine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imagination", + "imaging", + "imagery", + "mental imagery" + ], + "it": [ + "immaginario", + "immaginazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability to form mental images of things or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind's eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imaging of remembered or invented scenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vision" + ], + "it": [ + "visione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vivid mental image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picturing", + "envisioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual imagery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream", + "dreaming" + ], + "it": [ + "sogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream", + "dreaming" + ], + "it": [ + "sogno a occhi aperti", + "sogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginative thoughts indulged in while awake" + ], + "it": [ + "pensieri immaginosi da svegli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightmare" + ], + "it": [ + "incubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrifying or deeply upsetting dream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet dream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erotic dream (usually at night) accompanied by the (nocturnal) emission of semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimera", + "chimaera" + ], + "it": [ + "chimera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grotesque product of the imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverie", + "revery", + "daydream", + "daydreaming", + "oneirism", + "air castle", + "castle in the air", + "castle in Spain" + ], + "it": [ + "castello in aria", + "fantasticheria", + "sogno a occhi aperti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absentminded dreaming while awake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolgathering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idle indulgence in fantasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evocation" + ], + "it": [ + "evocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginative re-creation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretense", + "pretence", + "make-believe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginative intellectual play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the examination of alternative hypotheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of searching for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursuit", + "pursuance", + "quest" + ], + "it": [ + "cerca", + "ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "higher cognitive process" + ], + "it": [ + "processo cognitivo superiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cognitive processes that presuppose the availability of knowledge and put it to use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinking", + "thought", + "thought process", + "cerebration", + "intellection", + "mentation" + ], + "it": [ + "pensiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of using your mind to consider something carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thought process in which ideas (words or images) suggest other ideas in a sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sequential mental process in which one thought leads to another by association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction", + "mental synthesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental synthesis that becomes fixed or concrete by a process resembling crystal formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conception and development of an idea or plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasoning", + "logical thinking", + "abstract thought" + ], + "it": [ + "ragionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinking that is coherent and logical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis", + "analytic thinking" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abstract separation of a whole into its constituent parts in order to study the parts and their relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argumentation", + "logical argument", + "argument", + "line of reasoning", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "argomentazione", + "tesi", + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of thought" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular way of thinking that is characteristic of some individual or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train of thought", + "thread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the connections that link the various parts of an event or argument together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of inquiry", + "line of questioning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordering of questions so as to develop a particular argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reasoning that involves the formation of conclusions from incomplete evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deduction", + "deductive reasoning", + "synthesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalization", + "generalisation", + "induction", + "inductive reasoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reasoning from detailed facts to general principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inference", + "illation" + ], + "it": [ + "illazione", + "inferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prediction", + "anticipation", + "prevision" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipazione", + "previsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of predicting (as by reasoning about the future)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ], + "it": [ + "proiezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prediction made by extrapolating from past observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophecy", + "prognostication", + "vaticination" + ], + "it": [ + "aruspicio", + "profezia", + "vaticinazione", + "vaticinio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge of the future (usually said to be obtained from a divine source)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal gazing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "staring into a crystal ball to arouse visions of future or distant events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prophetic vision (as in a dream)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrovision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vision of events in the distant past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefiguration", + "foreshadowing", + "adumbration" + ], + "it": [ + "precorrimento", + "prefigurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of providing vague advance indications; representing beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divination", + "foretelling", + "soothsaying", + "fortune telling" + ], + "it": [ + "cartomanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or gift of prophecy (or the pretense of prophecy) by supernatural means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by means of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowse", + "dowsing", + "rhabdomancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "searching for underground water or minerals by using a dowsing rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geomancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by means of signs connected with the earth (as points taken at random or the arrangement of particles thrown down at random or from the configuration of a region and its relation to another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydromancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by water (as by patterns seen in the ebb and flow of the tides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithomancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by means of stones or stone talismans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necromancy" + ], + "it": [ + "necromanzia", + "negromanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conjuring up the dead, especially for prophesying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oneiromancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination through the interpretation of dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by the letters of a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmistry", + "palm reading", + "chiromancy", + "chirology" + ], + "it": [ + "chiromanzia", + "chiroscopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "telling fortunes by lines on the palm of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyromancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divination by fire or flames" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrology", + "star divination" + ], + "it": [ + "astrologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horoscopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the drawing up and interpretation of horoscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alchemy" + ], + "it": [ + "alchimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pseudoscientific forerunner of chemistry in medieval times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudoscience" + ], + "it": [ + "pseudoscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activity resembling science but based on fallacious assumptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllogism" + ], + "it": [ + "sillogismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deductive reasoning in which a conclusion is derived from two premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorization", + "theorisation" + ], + "it": [ + "teorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production or use of theories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideology" + ], + "it": [ + "ideologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginary or visionary theorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supposition", + "supposal" + ], + "it": [ + "supposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of supposing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presupposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of presupposing; a supposition made prior to having knowledge (as for the purpose of argument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstraction", + "generalization", + "generalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "astrazione", + "generalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analogy" + ], + "it": [ + "analogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inference that if things agree in some respects they probably agree in others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corollary" + ], + "it": [ + "corollario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) an inference that follows directly from the proof of another proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of reasoning that shows how a conclusion follows logically from accepted propositions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deduction", + "entailment", + "implication" + ], + "it": [ + "implicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrapolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inference about the future (or about some hypothetical situation) based on known facts and observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an inference of the truth of a fact from other facts proved or admitted or judicially noticed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "conclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intuitive assumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non sequitur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakdown", + "partitioning" + ], + "it": [ + "resoconto analitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analysis into mutually exclusive categories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost-benefit analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analysis of the cost effectiveness of different alternatives in order to see whether the benefits outweigh the costs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute and critical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination", + "reasoning by elimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis of a problem into alternative possibilities followed by the systematic rejection of unacceptable alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reductionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the analysis of complex things into simpler constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reductionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory that all complex systems can be completely understood in terms of their components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systems analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis of all aspects of a project along with ways to collect information about the operation of its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution", + "resolving" + ], + "it": [ + "risoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis into clear-cut components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factorization", + "factorisation", + "factoring" + ], + "it": [ + "fattorizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the resolution of an entity into factors such that when multiplied together they give the original entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonalization", + "diagonalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing a square matrix to diagonal form (with all non-zero elements on the principal diagonal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratiocination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "logical and methodical reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regress", + "reasoning backward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reasoning involved when you assume the conclusion is true and reason backward to the evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesis", + "synthetic thinking" + ], + "it": [ + "sintesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combination of ideas into a complex whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trend analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis of changes over time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cogitation", + "study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attentive consideration and meditation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lucubration" + ], + "it": [ + "elucubrazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laborious cogitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mysticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscure or irrational thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideation" + ], + "it": [ + "ideazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of forming and relating ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consideration" + ], + "it": [ + "considerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of giving careful thought to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliberation", + "weighing", + "advisement" + ], + "it": [ + "riflessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "careful consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemplation", + "reflection", + "reflexion", + "rumination", + "musing", + "thoughtfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "cogitazione", + "elucubrazione", + "meditazione", + "raccoglimento", + "riflessione", + "contemplazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calm, lengthy, intent consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meditation", + "speculation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meditation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(religion) contemplation of spiritual matters (usually on religious or philosophical subjects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of deliberate thinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introspection", + "self-contemplation", + "self-examination" + ], + "it": [ + "introspezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contemplation of your own thoughts and desires and conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul-searching", + "self-analysis" + ], + "it": [ + "autoanalisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penetrating examination of your own beliefs and motives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examen", + "examination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed inspection of your conscience (as done daily by Jesuits)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation especially with one's attitudes and ethical or ideological values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwardness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concern with outward things or material objects as opposed to the mind and spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omphaloskepsis", + "navel-gazing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literally, the contemplation of one's navel, which is an idiom usually meaning complacent self-absorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrospect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contemplation of things past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision making", + "deciding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of reaching a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciding or controlling something's outcome or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclecticism", + "eclectic method" + ], + "it": [ + "ecclettismo", + "eclettismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making decisions on the basis of what seems best instead of following some single doctrine or style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groupthink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decision making by a group (especially in a manner that discourages creativity or individual responsibility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settlement", + "resolution", + "closure" + ], + "it": [ + "risoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment", + "judgement", + "judging" + ], + "it": [ + "giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prejudgment", + "prejudgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judgment reached before the evidence is available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversal", + "change of mind", + "flip-flop", + "turnabout", + "turnaround" + ], + "it": [ + "ripensamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decision to reverse an earlier decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconsideration", + "second thought", + "afterthought", + "rethink" + ], + "it": [ + "riconsiderazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinking again about a choice previously made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choice", + "pick", + "selection" + ], + "it": [ + "scelta", + "selezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person or thing chosen or selected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cull", + "reject" + ], + "it": [ + "scarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person or thing that is rejected or set aside as inferior in quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favorite", + "favourite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something regarded with special favor or liking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "option", + "alternative", + "choice" + ], + "it": [ + "alternativa", + "opzione", + "scelta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the more conspicuous of two alternatives or cases or sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preference", + "druthers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the right or chance to choose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular preference that you have" + ], + "it": [ + "la preferenza posseduta da un individuo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "modo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing as one pleases or chooses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "default option", + "default" + ], + "it": [ + "default", + "opzione di default" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an option that is selected automatically unless an alternative is specified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possibility", + "possible action", + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "possibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a possible alternative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that can be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impossibility", + "impossible action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alternative that is not available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impossible" + ], + "it": [ + "impossibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that cannot be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hobson's choice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the choice of taking what is offered or nothing at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft option" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easier alternative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excogitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinking something out with care in order to achieve complete understanding of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explanation" + ], + "it": [ + "spiegazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thought that makes something comprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationale", + "principle" + ], + "it": [ + "fondamento logico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basis", + "base", + "foundation", + "fundament", + "groundwork", + "cornerstone" + ], + "it": [ + "base", + "caposaldo", + "cardine", + "fondamento", + "sostrato", + "substrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat and potatoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fundamental part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something crucial for explaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of plants or animals (more observational than experimental) usually published in popular magazines rather than in academic journals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalization", + "rationalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of making something seem consistent with or based on reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raison d'etre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason for being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planning", + "preparation", + "provision" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of thinking about what you will do in the event of something happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement", + "arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo", + "arrangiamento", + "convenuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thing arranged or agreed to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collusion" + ], + "it": [ + "collusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secret agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prearrangement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something arranged in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something reserved in advance (as a hotel accommodation or a seat on a plane etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reservation that is improved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applecart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the planning that is disrupted when someone `upsets the applecart'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mens rea", + "malice aforethought" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) criminal intent; the thoughts and intentions behind a wrongful act (including knowledge that the act is illegal); often at issue in murder trials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premeditation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) thought and intention to commit a crime well in advance of the crime; goes to show criminal intent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculation", + "deliberation" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "planning something carefully and intentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premeditation", + "forethought" + ], + "it": [ + "premeditazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "planning or plotting in advance of acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "problem solving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thought processes involved in solving a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convergent thinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinking that brings together information focussed on solving a problem (especially solving problems that have a single correct solution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divergent thinking", + "out-of-the-box thinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinking that moves away in diverging directions so as to involve a variety of aspects and which sometimes lead to novel ideas and solutions; associated with creativity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspiration" + ], + "it": [ + "illuminazione", + "ispirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden intuition as part of solving a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquiry", + "enquiry", + "research" + ], + "it": [ + "indagine", + "investigazione", + "ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a search for knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of animals and plants in the natural world (usually at an elementary level)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experiment", + "experimentation" + ], + "it": [ + "esperienza", + "esperimento", + "sperimentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the testing of an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empirical research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empirical search for knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control experiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experiment designed to control for variables affecting the results of another experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control condition", + "control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition", + "experimental condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the procedure that is varied in order to estimate a variable's effect by comparison with a control condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot experiment" + ], + "it": [ + "esperimento pilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary experiment whose outcome can lead to a more extensive experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial", + "trial run", + "test", + "tryout" + ], + "it": [ + "prova", + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trying something to find out about it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field trial", + "field test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a first test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by the developer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a second test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by an outside organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road test" + ], + "it": [ + "prova su strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test to insure that a vehicle is roadworthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a profession of belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test of the roadworthiness of a vehicle one is considering buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial balloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test of public opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe", + "investigation" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiesta", + "indagine", + "investigazione", + "scandagliamento", + "sondaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing expedition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigation undertaken in the hope (but not the stated purpose) of discovering information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll", + "opinion poll", + "public opinion poll", + "canvass" + ], + "it": [ + "demoscopia", + "sondaggio d'opinione", + "sondaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exit poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poll of voters as they leave the voting place; usually taken by news media in order to predict the outcome of an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw vote", + "straw poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unofficial vote taken to determine opinion on some issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heraldry" + ], + "it": [ + "araldica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study and classification of armorial bearings and the tracing of genealogies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculation", + "computation", + "figuring", + "reckoning" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo", + "computo", + "conteggio", + "conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "problem solving that involves numbers or quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrapolation" + ], + "it": [ + "estrapolazione", + "extrapolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) calculation of the value of a function outside the range of known values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpolation" + ], + "it": [ + "interpolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) calculation of the value of a function between the values already known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the units or form of an expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data conversion" + ], + "it": [ + "transcodificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion from one way of encoding data to another way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitization", + "digitisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion of analog information into digital information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimate", + "estimation", + "approximation", + "idea" + ], + "it": [ + "idea", + "approssimazione", + "stima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit rating", + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimate, based on previous dealings, of a person's or an organization's ability to fulfill their financial commitments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guess", + "guesswork", + "guessing", + "shot", + "dead reckoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimate based on little or no information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guesstimate", + "guestimate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "stima approssimativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimate that combines reasoning with guessing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overestimate", + "overestimation", + "overrating", + "overreckoning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculation that results in an estimate that is too high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underestimate", + "underestimation", + "underrating", + "underreckoning" + ], + "it": [ + "sottostima", + "sottovalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimation that is too low; an estimate that is less than the true or actual value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear and certain mental apprehension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognizance", + "ken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "range of what one can know or understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevision", + "foresight", + "farsightedness", + "prospicience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seeing ahead; knowing in advance; foreseeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understanding", + "apprehension", + "discernment", + "savvy" + ], + "it": [ + "comprensione", + "conoscenza", + "pensiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive condition of someone who understands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comprehension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incomprehension" + ], + "it": [ + "incomprensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inability to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an understanding of yourself and your goals and abilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smattering" + ], + "it": [ + "infarinatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight or superficial understanding of a subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciation", + "grasp", + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understanding with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense" + ], + "it": [ + "senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural appreciation or ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindsight" + ], + "it": [ + "senno di poi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understanding the nature of an event after it has happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insight", + "brainstorm", + "brainwave" + ], + "it": [ + "lampo di genio", + "idea brillante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation", + "recognition" + ], + "it": [ + "presa di coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coming to understand something clearly and distinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mental understanding as an enlightening experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revelation" + ], + "it": [ + "rivelazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlightening or astonishing disclosure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discovery", + "breakthrough", + "find" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrovamento", + "scoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a productive insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden brilliant understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic process", + "language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive processes involved in producing and understanding linguistic communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading" + ], + "it": [ + "lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed-reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reading at speeds significantly faster than normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content", + "cognitive content", + "mental object" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned" + ], + "it": [ + "la somma o l'insieme di ciò che è stato percepito, scoperto o appreso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tradition" + ], + "it": [ + "tradizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inherited pattern of thought or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world", + "reality" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo", + "realtà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otherworld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract spiritual world beyond earthly reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real world", + "real life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practical world as opposed to the academic world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deja vu" + ], + "it": [ + "deja vu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of thinking that a new situation had occurred before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life", + "living" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliving", + "re-experiencing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recurrence of a prior experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the focus of cognitions or feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food", + "food for thought", + "intellectual nourishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that provides mental stimulus for thinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pabulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insipid intellectual nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object of a feeling of intense aversion; something to be avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugbear", + "hobgoblin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object of dread or apprehension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object of cursing or detestation; that which is execrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre", + "center of attention", + "centre of attention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object upon which interest and attention focuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversation piece" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto di conversazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something interesting that stimulates conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosshairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynosure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that strongly attracts attention and admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye-catcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striking person or thing that attracts attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallucination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object perceived during a hallucinatory episode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infatuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object of extravagant short-lived passion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love", + "passion" + ], + "it": [ + "amore", + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object of warm affection or devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noumenon", + "thing-in-itself" + ], + "it": [ + "noumeno", + "cosa in sé", + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intellectual conception of a thing as it is in itself, not as it is known through perception" + ], + "it": [ + "concetto filosofico indicante qualcosa in se stessa e non come la percepiamo attraverso l'esperienza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reminder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experience that causes you to remember something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memento", + "souvenir" + ], + "it": [ + "cimelio", + "memoria", + "ricordino", + "ricordo", + "testimonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reminder of past events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memento mori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reminder (as a death's head) of your mortality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shades of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that reminds you of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universe", + "universe of discourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everything stated or assumed in a given discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topic", + "subject", + "issue", + "matter" + ], + "it": [ + "problema", + "questione", + "soggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some situation or event that is thought about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue" + ], + "it": [ + "problema", + "questione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gut issue", + "hot-button issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an issue that elicits strong emotional reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramount issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an issue whose settlement is more important than anything else; and issue that must be settled before anything else can be settled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocketbook issue", + "bread-and-butter issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an issue whose settlement will affect financial resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quodlibet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an issue that is presented for formal disputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area" + ], + "it": [ + "ambito", + "area", + "settore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subject of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subject about which you are ignorant or prejudiced and fail to exercise good judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the topic that a person, committee, or piece of research is expected to deal with or has authority to deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "res judicata", + "res adjudicata" + ], + "it": [ + "giudicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matter already settled in court; cannot be raised again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information" + ], + "it": [ + "informazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza acquisita attraverso studio o esperienza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "datum", + "data point" + ], + "it": [ + "dato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item of factual information derived from measurement or research" + ], + "it": [ + "informazione che serve come punto di partenza per un'indagine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading", + "meter reading", + "indication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a datum about some physical state that is presented to a user by a meter or similar instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquaintance", + "familiarity", + "conversance", + "conversancy" + ], + "it": [ + "dimestichezza", + "famigliarità", + "familiarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal knowledge or information about someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fact" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento", + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred" + ], + "it": [ + "specialmente al plurale, dato di fatto, informazione rilevante necessaria per trarre delle conclusioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actual state of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail", + "item", + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "dettaglio", + "particolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particular", + "specific" + ], + "it": [ + "particolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fact about some part (as opposed to general)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general" + ], + "it": [ + "generale", + "generico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fact about the whole (as opposed to particular)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter of fact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matter that is an actual fact or is demonstrable as a fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "facts learned by observing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific fact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observation that has been confirmed repeatedly and is accepted as true (although its truth is never final)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason" + ], + "it": [ + "ragione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the facts about an actual situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truth" + ], + "it": [ + "verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fact that has been verified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important truth that is unpleasant to acknowledge (as about yourself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enduring or necessary ethical or religious or aesthetic truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minutia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small or minor detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nook and cranny", + "nooks and crannies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something remote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respect", + "regard" + ], + "it": [ + "riguardo", + "rispetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually preceded by `in') a detail or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sticking point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point at which an impasse arises in progress toward an agreement or a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technicality", + "trifle", + "triviality" + ], + "it": [ + "bricia", + "fanfaluca", + "fesseria", + "inezia", + "minuzia", + "miseria", + "nonnulla", + "pochissimo", + "quisquilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detail that is considered insignificant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "example", + "illustration", + "instance", + "representative" + ], + "it": [ + "esemplare", + "esempio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item of information that is typical of a class or group" + ], + "it": [ + "caso particolare che rappresenta una categoria e può essere usato per chiarire o avvalorare una affermazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apology", + "excuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exception" + ], + "it": [ + "eccezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precedent", + "case in point" + ], + "it": [ + "fattispecie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintessence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most typical example or representative of a type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sample" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggio", + "mostra", + "campione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole" + ], + "it": [ + "piccola parte di una cosa rappresentativa dell'oggetto intero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test sample of some substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sample meant to be representative of a whole population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specimen" + ], + "it": [ + "esemplare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an example regarded as typical of its class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab sample" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single sample or measurement taken at a specific time or over as short a period as feasible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random sample" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sample grabbed at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount (especially of food or wine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstance", + "condition", + "consideration" + ], + "it": [ + "circostanza", + "condizione", + "considerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that should be kept in mind when making a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justification" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificazione", + "motivazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (such as a fact or circumstance) that shows an action to be reasonable or necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitigating circumstance" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuante", + "discriminante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a circumstance that does not exonerate a person but which reduces the penalty associated with the offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background", + "background knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza pregressa", + "conoscenza di background" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that is essential to understanding a situation or problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of stored information that is used to identify an item in an information storage and retrieval system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evidence", + "grounds" + ], + "it": [ + "evidenza", + "prova", + "testimonianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predictor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that supports a probabilistic estimate of future events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probable cause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) evidence sufficient to warrant an arrest or search and seizure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof", + "cogent evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something" + ], + "it": [ + "ogni evidenza fattuale che aiuta a stabilire la verità di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reductio ad absurdum", + "reductio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(reduction to the absurd) a disproof by showing that the consequences of the proposition are absurd; or a proof of a proposition by showing that its negation leads to a contradiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirmation", + "verification", + "check", + "substantiation" + ], + "it": [ + "accertamento", + "comprova", + "comprovamento", + "comprovazione", + "conferma", + "riprova", + "riscontro", + "verifica", + "verificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "additional proof that something that was believed (some fact or hypothesis or theory) is correct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a check that everyone is in bed by the time they should be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosscheck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of confirming something by considering information from several sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity check", + "redundancy check", + "odd-even check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of checking for errors in computer functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checksum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digit representing the sum of the digits in an instance of digital data; used to check whether errors have occurred in transmission or storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establishment", + "validation" + ], + "it": [ + "constatazione", + "costatazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disproof", + "falsification", + "refutation" + ], + "it": [ + "smentita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any evidence that helps to establish the falsity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confutation" + ], + "it": [ + "confutazione", + "oppugnazione", + "refutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence that refutes conclusively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterexample" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refutation by example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "track", + "trail" + ], + "it": [ + "traccia", + "pista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence pointing to a possible solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip-off" + ], + "it": [ + "soffiamento", + "soffiata", + "spiata", + "spifferata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inside information that something is going to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evocation", + "induction", + "elicitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulation that calls up (draws forth) a particular class of behaviors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden stimulation provided by strong drink (or certain drugs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulation", + "stimulus", + "stimulant", + "input" + ], + "it": [ + "leva", + "sollecitazione", + "stimolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn-on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something causing excitement or stimulating interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnoff", + "negative stimulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something causing antagonism or loss of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioned stimulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stimulus that is the occasion for a conditioned response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinforcing stimulus", + "reinforcer", + "reinforcement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive reinforcing stimulus", + "positive reinforcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reinforcing stimulus that serves to increase the likelihood of the response that produces it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative reinforcing stimulus", + "negative reinforcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reinforcing stimulus whose removal serves to decrease the likelihood of the response that produced it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discriminative stimulus", + "cue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stimulus that provides information about what to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive stimulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stimulus with desirable consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative stimulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stimulus with undesirable consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonus", + "fillip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that tends to arouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joy", + "delight", + "pleasure" + ], + "it": [ + "delizia", + "diletto", + "felicità", + "gioia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone that provides a source of happiness" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcosa o qualcuno che fornisce piacere", + "una sorgente di felicità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annoyance", + "bother", + "botheration", + "pain", + "infliction", + "pain in the neck", + "pain in the ass" + ], + "it": [ + "briga", + "disturbo", + "fastidio", + "noia", + "noiosità", + "ossessione", + "pallosità", + "piaga", + "rogna", + "rompiballe", + "rompipalle", + "rottura", + "scocciatura", + "scomodo", + "seccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone that causes trouble; a source of unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a broad legal concept including anything that disturbs the reasonable use of your property or endangers life and health or is offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abatable nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuisance that can remedied (suppressed or extinguished or rendered harmless)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attractive nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything on your premises that might attract children into danger or harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuisance that is both a public nuisance and a private nuisance at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuisance that interferes with your interest in and private use and enjoyment of your land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public nuisance", + "common nuisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nuisance that unreasonably interferes with a right that is common to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritant", + "thorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes irritation and annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aversive stimulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any negative stimulus to which an organism will learn to make a response that avoids it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concern", + "worry", + "headache", + "vexation" + ], + "it": [ + "affanno", + "afflizione", + "assillo", + "cruccio", + "fastidio", + "inquietudine", + "pensiero", + "preoccupazione", + "grattacapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugaboo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burden", + "load", + "encumbrance", + "incumbrance", + "onus" + ], + "it": [ + "carico", + "gravame", + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an onerous or difficult concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business" + ], + "it": [ + "affare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rightful concern or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressive encumbrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fardel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burden (figuratively in the form of a bundle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imposition" + ], + "it": [ + "imposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncalled-for burden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something unpleasant or offensive that must be tolerated or endured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grief", + "sorrow" + ], + "it": [ + "compianto", + "desolazione", + "dispiacenza", + "dispiacere", + "dispiacimento", + "dolore", + "malgrado", + "rammaricamento", + "scorno", + "spiacenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes great unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idea", + "thought" + ], + "it": [ + "idea", + "pensiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about" + ], + "it": [ + "il contenuto del sapere", + "la cosa pricipale che un essere animato sta pensando" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspiration" + ], + "it": [ + "estro", + "idea", + "ispirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arousal of the mind to special unusual activity or creativity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source", + "seed", + "germ" + ], + "it": [ + "germe", + "fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that provides inspiration for later work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taproot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that provides an important central source for growth or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muse" + ], + "it": [ + "musa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of an artist's inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother" + ], + "it": [ + "madre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition that is the inspiration for an activity or situation" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che è ritenuto l'origine, materiale o ideale, di un fatto, di un fenomeno, da cui un altro dipende come effetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afflatus" + ], + "it": [ + "afflato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong creative impulse; divine inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cogitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carefully considered thought about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concept", + "conception", + "construct" + ], + "it": [ + "concetto", + "nozione", + "concezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceptualization", + "conceptualisation", + "conceptuality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborated concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perception" + ], + "it": [ + "percezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of conceiving something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notion" + ], + "it": [ + "nozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general inclusive concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumpsimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional notion that is obstinately held although it is unreasonable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea that preoccupies the mind and holds the attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-absorption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preoccupation with yourself to the exclusion of everything else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan or design of something that is laid out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap", + "snare" + ], + "it": [ + "calappio", + "inganno", + "laccio", + "tagliola", + "tranello", + "trappola", + "rete", + "trabocchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap from which there is no escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trap arranged on a roadway for catching speeders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idea" + ], + "it": [ + "concezione", + "idea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judgment", + "judgement", + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion formed by judging something" + ], + "it": [ + "una opinione formata giudicando qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision", + "determination", + "conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "delibera", + "deliberazione", + "determinazione", + "risoluzione", + "conclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predetermination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental determination or resolve in advance; an antecedent intention to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "category" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kind", + "sort", + "form", + "variety" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo", + "natura", + "qualità", + "sorta", + "specie", + "carattere", + "ordine", + "modello", + "fatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietà o elemento caratterizzante di una cosa, un fenomeno, un evento e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeonhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific (often simplistic) category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "mo'" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "description" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sort or variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo", + "tipi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdivision of a particular kind of thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular type of thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "version", + "variant", + "variation", + "edition" + ], + "it": [ + "variante", + "versione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something a little different from others of the same type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opposite or contrasting type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(architecture) a form of artistic expression (such as writing or painting or architecture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architectural style", + "style of architecture", + "type of architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "architecture as a kind of art form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bauhaus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German style of architecture begun by Walter Gropius in 1918" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byzantine architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style of architecture developed in the Byzantine Empire developed after the 5th century; massive domes with square bases and round arches and spires and much use of mosaics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical architecture", + "Greco-Roman architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "architecture influenced by the ancient Greeks or Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the architecture of ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the architecture of ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic", + "Gothic architecture" + ], + "it": [ + "gotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries; characterized by slender vertical piers and counterbalancing buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanesque", + "Romanesque architecture" + ], + "it": [ + "romanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of architecture developed in Italy and western Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000 AD; characterized by round arches and vaults and by the substitution of piers for columns and profuse ornament and arcades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Romanesque style first appearing in Normandy around 950 AD and used in Britain from the Norman Conquest until the 12th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpendicular", + "perpendicular style", + "English-Gothic", + "English-Gothic architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gothic style in 14th and 15th century England; characterized by vertical lines and a four-centered (Tudor) arch and fan vaulting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tudor architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of English-Gothic architecture popular during the Tudor period; characterized by half-timbered houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moorish", + "Moorish architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victorian architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of architecture used in Britain during the reign of Queen Victoria; characterized by massive construction and elaborate ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ], + "it": [ + "foggia", + "stile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular kind (as to appearance)" + ], + "it": [ + "un tipo particolare (con riferimento alla apparenza)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavor", + "flavour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the six kinds of quarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) one of the six flavors of quark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) one of the six flavors of quark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the characteristic of quarks that determines their role in the strong interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "species" + ], + "it": [ + "specie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific kind of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general kind of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "marca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recognizable kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genre" + ], + "it": [ + "genere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of literary or artistic work" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle categorie in cui vengono tradizionalmente raggruppate opere letterarie, artistiche, musicali con caratteristiche strutturali e contenutistiche simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like", + "ilk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manner" + ], + "it": [ + "maniera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of product" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto prodotto in serie che riproduce un prototipo industriale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like", + "the like", + "the likes of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a similar kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "regulation" + ], + "it": [ + "norma", + "regola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restriction", + "limitation" + ], + "it": [ + "restrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle that limits the extent of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restriction of range or scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "formula" + ], + "it": [ + "formola", + "formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metarule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that describes how other rules should be used (as in AI)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algorithm", + "algorithmic rule", + "algorithmic program" + ], + "it": [ + "algorismo", + "algoritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorting algorithm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an algorithm for sorting a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemmer", + "stemming algorithm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an algorithm for removing inflectional and derivational endings in order to reduce word forms to a common stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heuristic", + "heuristic rule", + "heuristic program" + ], + "it": [ + "euristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateral thinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heuristic for solving problems; you try to look at the problem from many angles instead of tackling it head-on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recursion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) an expression such that each term is generated by repeating a particular mathematical operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guidepost", + "guideline", + "rule of thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cy pres", + "rule of cy pres", + "cy pres doctrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that when literal compliance is impossible the intention of a donor or testator should be carried out as nearly as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working principle", + "working rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that is adequate to permit work to be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property", + "attribute", + "dimension" + ], + "it": [ + "dimensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quality", + "character", + "lineament" + ], + "it": [ + "natura", + "qualità", + "caratteristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "texture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the essential quality of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature", + "characteristic" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteristica", + "carattere", + "qualità", + "nota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent attribute or aspect of something" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto specifico e distintivo che contraddistingue una cosa rispetto ad un'altra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature of speech", + "feature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a distinctive characteristic of a linguistic unit that serves to distinguish it from other units of the same kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invariant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feature (quantity or property or function) that remains unchanged when a particular transformation is applied to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspect", + "facet" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto", + "faccia", + "lato", + "sfaccettatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinct feature or element in a problem" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di vista, prospettiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attraction", + "attractor", + "attracter", + "attractive feature", + "magnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic that provides pleasure and attracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badge" + ], + "it": [ + "distintivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any feature that is regarded as a sign of status (a particular power or quality or rank)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centerpiece", + "centrepiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central or most important feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feature (or the order or arrangement of features) of anything having a complex structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excellence", + "excellency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding feature; something in which something or someone excels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "external" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outward features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peculiarity", + "distinctive feature", + "distinguishing characteristic" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteristica", + "particolarità", + "peculiarità", + "carattere distintivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odd or unusual characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calling card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing characteristic or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety feature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feature of an artifact that is added to insure a user's safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aspect of something (as contrasted with some other implied aspect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative aspect of something that is generally positive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two sides of an issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector", + "sphere" + ], + "it": [ + "ambito", + "settore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular aspect of life or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized sphere of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attention" + ], + "it": [ + "attenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general interest that leads people to want to know more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourist attraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic that attracts tourists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil", + "enhancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that serves by contrast to call attention to another thing's good qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstraction", + "abstract" + ], + "it": [ + "astratto", + "astrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolute" + ], + "it": [ + "assoluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is conceived or that exists independently and not in relation to other things; something that does not depend on anything else and is beyond human control; something that is not relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacher" + ], + "it": [ + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personified abstraction that teaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special abstraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concept that something has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discrete amount of something that is analogous to the quantities in quantum theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerical quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity expressed as a number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero", + "zero point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point on a scale from which positive or negative numerical quantities can be measured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eigenvalue", + "eigenvalue of a matrix", + "eigenvalue of a square matrix", + "characteristic root of a square matrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) any number such that a given square matrix minus that number times the identity matrix has a zero determinant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a value on some scale of measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote", + "voter turnout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the total number of voters who participated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operand" + ], + "it": [ + "operando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity upon which a mathematical operation is performed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variable", + "variable quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that can assume any of a set of values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argument" + ], + "it": [ + "argomento", + "variabile indipendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable; if f(x)=y, x is the independent variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of arguments that a function can take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "independent variable", + "experimental variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) a variable whose values are independent of changes in the values of other variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent variable in statistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlate", + "correlative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two or more related or complementary variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree of freedom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) an unrestricted variable in a frequency distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dependent variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value depends on the independent variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constant", + "constant quantity", + "invariable" + ], + "it": [ + "costante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that does not vary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parameter", + "parametric quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constant in the equation of a curve that can be varied to yield a family of similar curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parameter" + ], + "it": [ + "parametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity (such as the mean or variance) that characterizes a statistical population and that can be estimated by calculations from sample data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree of freedom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the minimum number of parameters needed to describe the state of a physical system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product", + "mathematical product" + ], + "it": [ + "prodotto", + "risultato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity obtained by multiplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of all the integers up to and including a given integer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple" + ], + "it": [ + "multiplo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of a quantity by an integer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is twice as great as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is three times as great as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruple" + ], + "it": [ + "quadruplo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity that is four times as great as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowest common multiple", + "least common multiple", + "lcm" + ], + "it": [ + "m.c.m.", + "minimo comune multiplo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest multiple that is exactly divisible by every member of a set of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand total" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of the sums of several groups of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtotal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of part of a group of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sum", + "amount", + "total" + ], + "it": [ + "somma", + "sooma", + "totale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest power of a term or variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree of a term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of the exponents of the variables in the term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree of a polynomial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of the term in the polynomial that has the highest degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree of one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polynomial", + "multinomial" + ], + "it": [ + "polinomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical function that is the sum of a number of terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biquadratic", + "biquadratic polynomial", + "quartic polynomial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polynomial of the fourth degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogeneous polynomial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polynomial consisting of terms all of the same degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monic polynomial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polynomial in one variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadratic", + "quadratic polynomial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polynomial of the second degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homogeneous polynomial having at least two variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series" + ], + "it": [ + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of terms containing successively higher integral powers of a variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convergence", + "convergency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the approach of an infinite series to a finite limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divergence", + "divergency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infinite series that has no limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometric series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geometric progression written as a sum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourier series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of a series of trigonometric expressions; used in the analysis of periodic functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predictor variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable that can be used to predict the value of another variable (as in statistical regression)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the quantities in a mathematical proportion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infinitesimal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a variable that has zero as its limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random variable", + "variate", + "variant", + "stochastic variable", + "chance variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable quantity that is random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalar" + ], + "it": [ + "scalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable quantity that cannot be resolved into components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tensor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generalization of the concept of a vector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable quantity that can be resolved into components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector product", + "cross product" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vector that is the product of two other vectors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalar product", + "inner product", + "dot product" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a real number (a scalar) that is the product of two vectors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector sum", + "resultant" + ], + "it": [ + "resultante", + "risultante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vector that is the sum of two or more other vectors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line connecting a point in space to the origin of a polar coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line connecting a satellite to the center of the body around which it is rotating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be-all and end-all", + "be all and end all" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the essential factor; the all-important element; the supreme aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot element" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a component or element of the plot of a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McGuffin", + "MacGuffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(film) a plot element that catches the viewers' attention or drives the plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geometric element that has position but no extension" + ], + "it": [ + "ente geometrico privo di dimensioni che non si puó definire in quanto concetto primitivo, ma che si puó intuire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attractor", + "attracter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a point in the ideal multidimensional phase space that is used to describe a system toward which the system tends to evolve regardless of the starting conditions of the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strange attractor", + "chaotic attractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attractor for which the approach to its final point in phase space is chaotic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersection", + "intersection point", + "point of intersection" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point where lines intersect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metacenter", + "metacentre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(shipbuilding) the point of intersection between two vertical lines, one line through the center of buoyancy of the hull of a ship in equilibrium and the other line through the center of buoyancy of the hull when the ship is inclined to one side; the distance of this intersection above the center of gravity is an indication of the stability of the ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertex" + ], + "it": [ + "vertice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of intersection of lines or the point opposite the base of a figure" + ], + "it": [ + "punto d'incontro dei lati di un angolo o di un poligono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "section", + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" + ], + "it": [ + "una delle sezioni in cui qualcosa si divide e che prese nell'insieme costituiscono un tutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beginning" + ], + "it": [ + "inizio", + "parte iniziale", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first part or section of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle" + ], + "it": [ + "metà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermediate part or section" + ], + "it": [ + "punto o linea, reale o ideale, che sta nel mezzo di una estensione spaziale o temporale, di un oggetto, di una quantità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ], + "it": [ + "conclusione", + "fine", + "termine", + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final part or section" + ], + "it": [ + "parte finale di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most enjoyable part of a given experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "component", + "constituent", + "element", + "factor", + "ingredient" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrediente", + "componente", + "elemento", + "fattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract part of something" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno degli elementi che concorrono a caratterizzare un fenomeno o un’entità astratta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaven", + "leavening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an influence that works subtly to lighten or modify something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme", + "intero", + "complesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of something including all its component elements or parts" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di più cose o elementi unite a formare un tutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single undivided whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound" + ], + "it": [ + "composto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex", + "composite" + ], + "it": [ + "compendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hybrid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composite of mixed origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of concurrent things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law", + "natural law" + ], + "it": [ + "legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society" + ], + "it": [ + "principio normativo che regola il comportamento etico e sociale degli uomini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law that is believed to come directly from God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictate" + ], + "it": [ + "dettame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guiding principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamentals", + "basics", + "fundamental principle", + "basic principle", + "bedrock" + ], + "it": [ + "caposaldo", + "fondamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "principles from which other truths can be derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasure principle", + "pleasure-pain principle", + "pleasure-unpleasure principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the id; the principle that an infant seeks gratification and fails to distinguish fantasy from reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reality principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the ego; the principle that as a child grows it becomes aware of the real environment and the need to accommodate to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurrectionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle of revolt against constituted authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle" + ], + "it": [ + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic truth or law or assumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rudiment", + "first rudiment", + "first principle", + "alphabet", + "ABC", + "ABC's", + "ABCs" + ], + "it": [ + "elementi", + "rudimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elementary stages of any subject (usually plural)" + ], + "it": [ + "nozioni fondamentali, conoscenza di base di una scienza, di una disciplina, di una tecnica, di un’arte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law", + "law of nature" + ], + "it": [ + "legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature" + ], + "it": [ + "nel linguaggio scientifico, relazione costante che interviene tra determinati fatti e fenomeni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicalized concept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concept that is expressed by a word (in some particular language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "all-or-none law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurophysiology) a nerve impulse resulting from a weak stimulus is just as strong as a nerve impulse resulting from a strong stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle", + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archimedes' principle", + "law of Archimedes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(hydrostatics) the apparent loss in weight of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avogadro's law", + "Avogadro's hypothesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that equal volumes of all gases (given the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernoulli's law", + "law of large numbers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) law stating that a large number of items taken at random from a population will (on the average) have the population statistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benford's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law used by auditors to identify fictitious populations of numbers; applies to any population of numbers derived from other numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bose-Einstein statistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) statistical law obeyed by a system of particles whose wave function is not changed when two particles are interchanged (the Pauli exclusion principle does not apply)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boyle's law", + "Mariotte's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure of an ideal gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coulomb's Law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental principle of electrostatics; the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them; principle also holds for magnetic poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalton's law", + "Dalton's law of partial pressures", + "law of partial pressures" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry and physics) law stating that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture; the pressure of a gas in a mixture equals the pressure it would exert if it occupied the same volume alone at the same temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the total energy in an assembly of molecules is not distributed equally but is distributed around an average value according to a statistical distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law", + "Boltzmann distribution law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a law expressing the distribution of energy among the molecules of a gas in thermal equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibrium law", + "law of chemical equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the principle that (at chemical equilibrium) in a reversible reaction the ratio of the rate of the forward reaction to the rate of the reverse reaction is a constant for that reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fechner's law", + "Weber-Fechner law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychophysics) the concept that the magnitude of a subjective sensation increases proportional to the logarithm of the stimulus intensity; based on early work by E. H. Weber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fermi-Dirac statistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) law obeyed by a systems of particles whose wave function changes when two particles are interchanged (the Pauli exclusion principle applies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gay-Lussac's law", + "Charles's law", + "law of volumes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the density of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies inversely with the temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gestalt law of organization", + "Gestalt principle of organization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle of Gestalt psychology that identifies factors leading to particular forms of perceptual organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) law formulated by the English chemist William Henry; the amount of a gas that will be absorbed by water increases as the gas pressure increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooke's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the principle that (within the elastic limit) the stress applied to a solid is proportional to the strain produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubble's law", + "Hubble law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the generalization that the speed of recession of distant galaxies (the red shift) is proportional to their distance from the observer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kepler's law", + "Kepler's law of planetary motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) one of three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kepler's first law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law stating that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse with the sun at one focus of the ellipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kepler's second law", + "law of areas", + "law of equal areas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law concerning the speed at which planets travel; a line connecting a planet to the sun will sweep out equal areas in equal times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kepler's third law", + "harmonic law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law stating that the ratio of the square of the revolutionary period (in years) to the cube of the orbital axis (in astronomical units) is the same for all planets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirchhoff's laws" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) two laws governing electric networks in which steady currents flow: the sum of all the currents at a point is zero and the sum of the voltage gains and drops around any closed circuit is zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of averages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law affirming that in the long run probabilities will determine performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of constant proportion", + "law of definite proportions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) law stating that every pure substance always contains the same elements combined in the same proportions by weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of diminishing returns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law affirming that to continue after a certain level of performance has been reached will result in a decline in effectiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) the principle that behaviors are selected by their consequences; behavior having good consequences tends to be repeated whereas behavior that leads to bad consequences is not repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of equivalent proportions", + "law of reciprocal proportions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) law stating that the proportions in which two elements separately combine with a third element are also the proportions in which they combine together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of gravitation", + "Newton's law of gravitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the law that states any two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of multiple proportions", + "Dalton's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) law stating that when two elements can combine to form more than one compound the amounts of one of them that combines with a fixed amount of the other will exhibit a simple multiple relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of mass action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the law that states the following principle: the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the molecular concentrations of the reacting substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of thermodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a law governing the relations between states of energy in a closed system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second law of thermodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law stating that mechanical work can be derived from a body only when that body interacts with another at a lower temperature; any spontaneous process results in an increase of entropy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third law of thermodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law stating that the entropy of a substance approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeroth law of thermodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the law that if two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body then the first two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Chatelier's principle", + "Le Chatelier's law", + "Le Chatelier principle", + "Le Chatelier-Braun principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gresham's Law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) the principle that when two kinds of money having the same denominational value are in circulation the intrinsically more valuable money will be hoarded and the money of lower intrinsic value will circulate more freely until the intrinsically more valuable money is driven out of circulation; bad money drives out good; credited to Sir Thomas Gresham" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendel's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) one of two principles of heredity formulated by Gregor Mendel on the basis of his experiments with plants; the principles were limited and modified by subsequent genetic research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of segregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and are distributed to different gametes so that every gamete receives only one member of the pair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of independent assortment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass-energy equivalence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the principle that a measured quantity of mass is equivalent (according to relativity theory) to a measured quantity of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naegele's rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule for calculating an expected delivery date; subtract three months from the first day of the last menstrual period and add seven days to that date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newton's law of motion", + "Newton's law", + "law of motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three basic laws of classical mechanics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first law of motion", + "Newton's first law of motion", + "Newton's first law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body remains at rest or in motion with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second law of motion", + "Newton's second law of motion", + "Newton's second law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate of change of momentum is proportional to the imposed force and goes in the direction of the force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third law of motion", + "Newton's third law of motion", + "Newton's third law", + "law of action and reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "action and reaction are equal and opposite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohm's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance; I = E/R" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pascal's law", + "Pascal's law of fluid pressures" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pressure applied anywhere to a body of fluid causes a force to be transmitted equally in all directions; the force acts at right angles to any surface in contact with the fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pauli exclusion principle", + "exclusion principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "no two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic law", + "Mendeleev's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the principle that chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planck's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the basis of quantum theory; the energy of electromagnetic waves is contained in indivisible quanta that have to be radiated or absorbed as a whole; the magnitude is proportional to frequency where the constant of proportionality is given by Planck's constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planck's radiation law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an equation that expresses the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of an ideal black body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big-bang theory", + "big bang theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the theory that the universe originated sometime between 10 billion and 20 billion years ago from the cataclysmic explosion of a small volume of matter at extremely high density and temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebular hypothesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the theory that the solar system evolved from a hot gaseous nebula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetesimal hypothesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the theory that the solar system was formed by the gravitational accumulation of planetesimals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steady state theory", + "continuous creation theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the theory that the universe maintains a constant average density with matter created to fill the void left by galaxies that are receding from each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothesis", + "possibility", + "theory" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotesi", + "possibilità", + "teoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical possibility, circumstance, statement, proposal, situation, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gemmule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physically discrete element that Darwin proposed as responsible for heredity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fact" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concept whose truth can be proved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean sun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theoretical sun that moves along the celestial equator at a constant speed and completes its annual course in the same amount of time the real sun takes at variable speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "theoretical account", + "framework" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process" + ], + "it": [ + "una descrizione semplificata di una entità complessa o di un processo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copernican system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) Copernicus' astronomical model in which the Earth rotates around the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptolemaic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) Ptolemy's model of the universe with the Earth at the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "M-theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(particle physics) a theory that involves an eleven-dimensional universe in which the weak and strong forces and gravity are unified and to which all the string theories belong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(particle physics) a theory that postulates that subatomic particles are one-dimensional strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audit program", + "audit programme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a listing of audit procedures to be performed in completing an audit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outline", + "schema", + "scheme" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzo", + "scaletta", + "schema", + "schizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schematic or preliminary plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculation", + "conjecture" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assumption", + "supposition", + "supposal" + ], + "it": [ + "assunzione", + "congettura", + "presupposizione", + "supposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothesis that is taken for granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prerequisite", + "requirement" + ], + "it": [ + "prerequisito", + "requisito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is required in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requirement", + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "esigenza", + "requisito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "required activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precondition" + ], + "it": [ + "precondizione", + "condizione indispensabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condition that is a prerequisite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic requirement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a requirement for admission to or completion of an academic program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language requirement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a requirement that a student know certain languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essential condition", + "sine qua non" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prerequisite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "given", + "presumption", + "precondition" + ], + "it": [ + "congettura", + "premessa", + "presunzione", + "presupposto", + "sospetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assumption that is taken for granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basic assumption", + "constatation", + "self-evident truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assumption that is basic to an argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misconception" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "convinzione sbagliata", + "idea sbagliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallacy", + "false belief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logical fallacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fallacy in logical argumentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteron proteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical fallacy of using as a true premise a proposition that is yet to be proved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignoratio elenchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical fallacy of supposing that an argument proving an irrelevant point has proved the point at issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathetic fallacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fallacy of attributing human feelings to inanimate objects; `the friendly sun' is an example of the pathetic fallacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petitio principii", + "petitio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical fallacy of assuming the conclusion in the premises; begging the question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post hoc", + "post hoc ergo propter hoc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical fallacy of believing that temporal succession implies a causal relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophism", + "sophistry", + "sophistication" + ], + "it": [ + "sofisma", + "sofisticheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralogism" + ], + "it": [ + "paralogismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unintentionally invalid argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error", + "erroneous belief" + ], + "it": [ + "errore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misconception resulting from incorrect information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-deception", + "self-deceit" + ], + "it": [ + "autoinganno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misconception that is favorable to the person who holds it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistake", + "misunderstanding", + "misapprehension" + ], + "it": [ + "equivocazione", + "equivoco", + "fraintendimento", + "incomprensione", + "malinteso", + "qui pro quo", + "stravolgimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an understanding of something that is not correct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illusion", + "fantasy", + "phantasy", + "fancy" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasia", + "illusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something many people believe that is false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impracticable and illusory idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "will-o'-the-wisp", + "ignis fatuus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illusion that misleads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wishful thinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the illusion that what you wish for is actually true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delusion", + "hallucination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistaken or unfounded opinion or idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autism" + ], + "it": [ + "autismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) an abnormal absorption with the self; marked by communication disorders and short attention span and inability to treat others as people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infantile autism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare but serious syndrome of childhood characterized by withdrawal and lack of social responsiveness or interest in others and serious linguistic deficits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparition", + "phantom", + "phantasm", + "phantasma", + "fantasm", + "shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "apparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something existing in perception only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unidentified flying object", + "UFO", + "flying saucer" + ], + "it": [ + "UFO", + "disco volante", + "oggetto volante non identificato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an (apparently) flying object whose nature is unknown; especially those considered to have extraterrestrial origins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flying Dutchman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phantom ship that is said to appear in storms near the Cape of Good Hope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost", + "shade", + "spook", + "wraith", + "specter", + "spectre" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasma", + "ombra", + "spettro", + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental representation of some haunting experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorientation", + "freak out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild delusion (especially one induced by a hallucinogenic drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan", + "program", + "programme" + ], + "it": [ + "ideazione", + "piano", + "programma", + "progetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished" + ], + "it": [ + "piano dettagliato per la pianificazione di un'azione, l'esecuzione di un lavoro e lo svolgimento di un'attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme" + ], + "it": [ + "programma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master plan" + ], + "it": [ + "piano generale", + "progetto di massima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-term outline of a project or government function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apollo program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of space flights undertaken by US to land a man on the Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gemini program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of space flights undertaken by US in 1965 and 1966" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercury program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of rocket-powered flights undertaken by US between 1961 and 1963 with the goal of putting a man in orbit around the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense program", + "defense policy", + "defence program", + "defence policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program for defending a country against its enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educational program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program for providing education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitation program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program for restoring someone to good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technological program intended to explore outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Superfund program", + "Superfund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal government's program to locate and investigate and clean up the worst uncontrolled and abandoned toxic waste sites nationwide; administered by the Environmental Protection Agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocational rehabilitation program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of rehabilitation through job training with an eye to gainful employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax program", + "tax policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program for setting taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policy" + ], + "it": [ + "politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activism" + ], + "it": [ + "attivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of taking direct and militant action to achieve a political or social goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar-my-neighbor policy", + "beggar-my-neighbour policy", + "beggar-my-neighbor strategy", + "beggar-my-neighbour strategy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of promoting oneself at the expense of others; used especially of national policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueprint", + "design", + "pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something intended as a guide for making something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan of action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan for actively doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan for conducting a battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procedure or process for obtaining an objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit system" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema creditizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for allowing people to purchase things on credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for interpreting and enforcing the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal system that allows an accused person to be temporarily released from custody (usually on condition that a sum of money guarantees their appearance at trial)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal system for determining the facts at issue in a law suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal system for protecting the rights of inventors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax system" + ], + "it": [ + "fiscalità", + "sistema di imposizione fiscale", + "sistema fiscale", + "sistema tributario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal system for assessing and collecting taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting system", + "electoral system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal system for making democratic choices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uninominal system", + "uninominal voting system", + "single-member system", + "scrutin uninomial system", + "scrutin uninominal voting system" + ], + "it": [ + "maggioritario", + "sistema maggioritario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "based on the principle of having only one member (as of a legislature) selected from each electoral district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list system", + "scrutin de liste", + "scrutin de liste system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "based on the principle of proportional representation; voters choose between party lists, the number elected from each list being determined by the percentage cast for each list out of the total vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pricing system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for setting prices on goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promotion system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for advancing participants to higher-status positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactic", + "tactics", + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre" + ], + "it": [ + "tattica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan for attaining a particular goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheme", + "strategy" + ], + "it": [ + "schema", + "strategia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate and systematic plan of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel plan", + "itinerary" + ], + "it": [ + "itinerario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposed route of travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrivance", + "stratagem", + "dodge" + ], + "it": [ + "espediente", + "stratagemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate or deceitful scheme contrived to deceive or evade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something planted secretly for discovery by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump-and-dump scheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegal scheme for making money by manipulating stock prices; the schemer persuades other people to buy the stock and then sells it himself as soon as the price of the stock rises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wangle", + "wangling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of accomplishing something by scheming or trickery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterterrorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategy intended to prevent or counter terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a plan for achieving an objective in some sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) a carefully thought out strategy for achieving an objective in war or politics or business or personal affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house of cards", + "bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speculative scheme that depends on unstable factors that the planner cannot control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scheme or set of strategies for conducting a business campaign or a political campaign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot", + "secret plan", + "game" + ], + "it": [ + "complotto", + "congiura", + "cospirazione", + "intrigo", + "orditura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid scheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraudulent scheme in which people are recruited to make payments to the person who recruited them while expecting to receive payments from the persons they recruit; when the number of new recruits fails to sustain the hierarchical payment structure the scheme collapses with most of the participants losing the money they put in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterplot", + "counterplan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plot intended to subvert another plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrigue", + "machination" + ], + "it": [ + "armeggio", + "intrallazzo", + "intrigo", + "intruglio", + "lavorio", + "macchinamento", + "macchinazione", + "maneggio", + "tresca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priestcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a derogatory reference to priests who use their influence to control secular or political affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspiracy", + "cabal" + ], + "it": [ + "complotto", + "congiura", + "intrigo", + "trama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plot to carry out some harmful or illegal act (especially a political plot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gunpowder Plot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspiracy in 1605 in England to blow up James I and the Houses of Parliament to avenge the persecution of Catholics in England; led by Guy Fawkes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waiting game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategy of delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Briticism) a clever or amusing scheme or trick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regimen", + "regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(education) a program of education in liberal arts and sciences (usually in preparation for higher education)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "training program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program designed for training in specific skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biofeedback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a training program in which a person is given information about physiological processes (heart rate or blood pressure) that is not normally available with the goal of gaining conscious control of them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemployment training program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a training program to prepare you for employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project", + "projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned undertaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneymaker", + "money-spinner", + "cash cow" + ], + "it": [ + "affare d'oro", + "miniera d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a project that generates a continuous flow of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocational program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program of vocational education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "works program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program to provide jobs on public works paid for by government funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agenda", + "docket", + "schedule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menu", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agenda of things to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension plan", + "pension account", + "retirement plan", + "retirement savings plan", + "retirement savings account", + "retirement account", + "retirement program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan for setting aside money to be spent after retirement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "401-k plan", + "401-k" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retirement savings plan that is funded by employee contributions and (often) matching contributions from the employer; contributions are made from your salary before taxes and the funds grow tax-free until they are withdrawn, at which point they can be converted into an IRA; funds can be transferred if you change employers and you can (to some extent) manage the investments yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individual retirement account", + "IRA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retirement plan that allows you to contribute a limited yearly sum toward your retirement; taxes on the interest earned in the account are deferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keogh plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax-deferred pension plan for employees of unincorporated businesses or for self-employed persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee savings plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plan that allows employees to contribute to an investment pool managed the employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road map", + "guideline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed plan or explanation to guide you in setting standards or determining a course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock purchase plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized plan for employees of a company to buy shares of its stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee stock ownership plan", + "ESOP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program under which employees regularly accumulate shares and may ultimately assume control of the company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figment" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasma", + "finzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contrived or fantastic idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalization", + "generalisation", + "generality" + ], + "it": [ + "generalità", + "principio generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea or conclusion having general application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle", + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "criterio", + "legge", + "norma", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct" + ], + "it": [ + "regola fondamentale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental principle or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillar of Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) one of the five religious obligations accepted by all Muslims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shahadah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first pillar of Islam is an affirmation of faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salat", + "salaat", + "salah", + "salaah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second pillar of Islam is prayer; a prescribed liturgy performed five times a day (preferably in a mosque) and oriented toward Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third pillar of Islam is fasting (primarily during the month of Ramadan); Muslims abstain from food and drink and gambling and all sensuous pleasures from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zakat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth pillar of Islam is almsgiving as an act of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hajj", + "haj", + "hadj" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Hijja; at least once in a lifetime a Muslim is expected to make a religious journey to Mecca and the Kaaba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bright positive masculine principle in Chinese dualistic cosmology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dark negative feminine principle in Chinese dualistic cosmology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feng shui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rules in Chinese philosophy that govern spatial arrangement and orientation in relation to patterns of yin and yang and the flow of energy (qi); the favorable or unfavorable effects are taken into consideration in designing and siting buildings and graves and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggestion" + ], + "it": [ + "ispirazione", + "proposta", + "suggerimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea that is suggested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inkling", + "intimation", + "glimmering", + "glimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight suggestion or vague understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthypnotic suggestion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suggestion that is made to a person who is hypnotized that specifies an action he will perform (usually in response to a cue) after he has awakened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression", + "feeling", + "belief", + "notion", + "opinion" + ], + "it": [ + "credenza", + "impressione", + "sensazione", + "sentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the impression that something is present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction" + ], + "it": [ + "reazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea evoked by some experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto", + "gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived)" + ], + "it": [ + "contrasto o combinazione che determina nell’osservatore impressioni particolari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first blush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "at the first glimpse or impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effect that imitates a sound called for in the script of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effect used to produce scenes that cannot be achieved by normal techniques (especially on film)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special effect created on the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorem" + ], + "it": [ + "teorema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea accepted as a demonstrable truth" + ], + "it": [ + "idea accettata come verità dimostrabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayes' theorem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) a theorem describing how the conditional probability of a set of possible causes for a given observed event can be computed from knowledge of the probability of each cause and the conditional probability of the outcome of each cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayes' postulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) the difficulty of applying Bayes' theorem is that the probabilities of the different causes are seldom known, in which case it may be postulated that they are all equal (sometimes known as postulating the equidistribution of ignorance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intuition", + "hunch", + "suspicion" + ], + "it": [ + "intuito", + "intuizione", + "sospetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression that something might be the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart", + "bosom" + ], + "it": [ + "cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the locus of feelings and intuitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescience", + "prevision" + ], + "it": [ + "prescienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to foresee the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notion", + "whim", + "whimsy", + "whimsey" + ], + "it": [ + "farnetico", + "ghiribizzo", + "griccio", + "schiribizzo", + "stravaganza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an odd or fanciful or capricious idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meaning", + "substance" + ], + "it": [ + "accezione", + "senso", + "significato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the idea that is intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burden" + ], + "it": [ + "tema dominante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theme", + "motif" + ], + "it": [ + "leitmotiv", + "motivo", + "motivo conduttore", + "tema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in literary or artistic work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional theme or motif or literary convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meaning of a word, phrase, sentence, or text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "significance", + "import", + "implication" + ], + "it": [ + "implicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kernel", + "substance", + "core", + "center", + "centre", + "essence", + "gist", + "heart", + "heart and soul", + "inwardness", + "marrow", + "meat", + "nub", + "pith", + "sum", + "nitty-gritty" + ], + "it": [ + "centro", + "essenza", + "merito", + "nerbo", + "nocciolo", + "nodo", + "succo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bare bones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) the most basic facts or elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(metaphysics) essential nature or underlying reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiddity", + "haecceity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the essence that makes something the kind of thing it is and makes it different from any other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintessence" + ], + "it": [ + "quintessenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purest and most concentrated essence of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critically important or characteristic component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor", + "strain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general meaning or substance of an utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift", + "purport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pervading meaning or tenor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertone", + "undercurrent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdued emotional quality underlying an utterance; implicit meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference", + "denotation", + "extension" + ], + "it": [ + "denotazione", + "estensione", + "referenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference" + ], + "it": [ + "riferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connotation" + ], + "it": [ + "connotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idea that is implied or suggested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideal" + ], + "it": [ + "ideale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideal accepted by some individual or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) parental figures (and their values) that you introjected as a child; the voice of conscience is usually a parent's voice internalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealization", + "idealisation" + ], + "it": [ + "idealizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that exists only as an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragon", + "idol", + "perfection", + "beau ideal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paragon of excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criterion", + "standard" + ], + "it": [ + "canone", + "criterio", + "norma", + "standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideal in terms of which something can be judged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design criteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criteria that designers should meet in designing some system or device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemplar", + "example", + "model", + "good example" + ], + "it": [ + "esempio", + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something to be imitated" + ], + "it": [ + "persona o cosa ritenuta esemplare e, in quanto tale, degna di essere imitata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty", + "beaut" + ], + "it": [ + "bellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding example of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ego ideal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the part of the ego that contains an ideal of personal excellence toward which a person strives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keynote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental or central idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eccentric idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisdom" + ], + "it": [ + "saggezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconditeness", + "abstruseness", + "abstrusity", + "profoundness", + "profundity" + ], + "it": [ + "astrusità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wisdom that is recondite and abstruse and profound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation", + "mental representation", + "internal representation" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instantiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of an idea in the form of an instance of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or thing represented or foreshadowed by a type or symbol; especially a figure in the Old Testament having a counterpart in the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stereotype" + ], + "it": [ + "cliché", + "stereotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional or formulaic conception or image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schema", + "scheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "image", + "mental image" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine", + "rappresentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iconic mental representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imagination image", + "thought-image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental image produced by the imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpretation", + "reading", + "version" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinterpretation" + ], + "it": [ + "rilettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new or different meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phantasmagoria" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasmagoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constantly changing medley of real or imagined images (as in a dream)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character", + "role", + "theatrical role", + "part", + "persona" + ], + "it": [ + "ruolo", + "parte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor's portrayal of someone in a play" + ], + "it": [ + "personaggio rappresentato in un'opera teatrale o cinematografica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit part", + "minor role" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soubrette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor female role as a pert flirtatious lady's maid in a comedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious (or tragic) role in a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hero" + ], + "it": [ + "eroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal character in a play or movie or novel or poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingenue" + ], + "it": [ + "ingenua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the role of an innocent artless young woman in a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title role", + "name part" + ], + "it": [ + "ruolo principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the role of the character after whom the play is named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychosexuality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mental representation of sexual activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percept", + "perception", + "perceptual experience" + ], + "it": [ + "percetto", + "percezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine", + "opera d'arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unitary percept having structure and coherence that is the object of attention and that stands out against a ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused" + ], + "it": [ + "il colore o il motivo uniforme su cui risaltano le figure in primo piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "shape", + "pattern" + ], + "it": [ + "forma", + "modello", + "schema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perceptual structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i67999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a geometric pattern that is repeated at every scale and so cannot be represented by classical geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gestalt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a configuration or pattern of elements so unified as a whole that it cannot be described merely as a sum of its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of regularly spaced horizontal and vertical lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amsler grid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern of small boxes that is used for self-monitoring by patients who have age-related macular degeneration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaleidoscope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex pattern of constantly changing colors and shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern resembling a mosaic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pattern forming a unity within a larger structural whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonata form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical form having 3 sections -- exposition and development and recapitulation; characteristic of 1st movement of a sonata or symphony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual percept", + "visual image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a percept that arises from the eyes; an image in the visual system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye candy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual images that are pleasing to see but are intellectually undemanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field", + "field of view" + ], + "it": [ + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument)" + ], + "it": [ + "lo spazio che rientra nell’inquadratura della macchina da presa o fotografica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight" + ], + "it": [ + "vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of visual perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view", + "aspect", + "prospect", + "scene", + "vista", + "panorama" + ], + "it": [ + "prospetto", + "visione", + "visuale", + "vista", + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visual percept of a region" + ], + "it": [ + "scena impressionante, spettacolo che colpisce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual field", + "field of vision", + "field of regard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the points of the physical environment that can be perceived by a stable eye at a given moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background", + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "sfondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast" + ], + "it": [ + "costa", + "costa marina", + "costiera", + "litorale", + "littorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area within view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ], + "it": [ + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aspect resulting from the direction a building or window faces" + ], + "it": [ + "collocazione di un luogo o un edificio rispetto ai punti cardinali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a scene that is near the viewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glimpse" + ], + "it": [ + "scorcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief or incomplete view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle distance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a scene between the foreground and the background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side view" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "inquadratura di profilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a view from the side of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tableau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dramatic scene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microscopic field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the areas that is visible through a microscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operative field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area that is open during surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory" + ], + "it": [ + "ricordanza", + "rievocazione", + "rimembranza", + "memoria", + "ricordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recollection" + ], + "it": [ + "memoria", + "ricordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something recalled to the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engram", + "memory trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a postulated biochemical change (presumably in neural tissue) that represents a memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confabulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) a plausible but imagined memory that fills in gaps in what is remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imagined memory of a childhood experience; hides another memory of distressing significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental image of something previously experienced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory picture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a memory image that is similar to a visual perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterimage", + "aftersensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an image (usually a negative image) that persists after stimulation has ceased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftertaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an afterimage of a taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual image", + "visualization", + "visualisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental image that is similar to a visual perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion", + "optical fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combining of images from the two eyes to form a single visual percept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental picture", + "picture", + "impression" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear and telling mental image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental image that is similar to an auditory perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "example" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative form or pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodestar", + "loadstar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves as a model or guide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prototype", + "paradigm", + "epitome", + "image" + ], + "it": [ + "perfetto esemplare", + "prototipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard or typical example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentrated example of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) an idealized image of someone (usually a parent) formed in childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type specimen", + "holotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the original specimen from which the description of a new species is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcosm" + ], + "it": [ + "microcosmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miniature model of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "original", + "archetype", + "pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "archetipo", + "modello", + "prototipo", + "originale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves as a model or a basis for making copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacesetter", + "pacemaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leading instance in its field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pattern" + ], + "it": [ + "falsariga", + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a model considered worthy of imitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "template", + "templet", + "guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a model or standard for making comparisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefiguration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an example that prefigures or foreshadows what is to come" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prodigy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impressive or wonderful example of a particular quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illusion", + "semblance" + ], + "it": [ + "illusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erroneous mental representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apparent enlargement of a bright object when viewed against a dark background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-D", + "3-D", + "3D" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a three-dimensional form or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phantom limb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the illusion that a limb still exists after it has been amputated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something illusory and unattainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outward appearance of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blur", + "fuzz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hazy or indistinct representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsoundness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misconception that is fallacious and not true or valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractionism", + "unrealism" + ], + "it": [ + "astrattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation having no reference to concrete objects or specific examples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concretism", + "concrete representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of an abstract idea in concrete terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape", + "embodiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belief" + ], + "it": [ + "credenza", + "convinzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cognitive content held as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apophatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious belief that God cannot be known but is completely `other' and must be described in negative terms (in terms of what God is not)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataphatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious belief that God has given enough clues to be known to humans positively and affirmatively (e.g., God created Adam `in his own image')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctrine of analogy", + "analogy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; any analogy between God and humans will always be inadequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conviction", + "strong belief", + "article of faith" + ], + "it": [ + "convincimento", + "convinzione", + "persuasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faith", + "trust" + ], + "it": [ + "fede", + "fiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete confidence in a person or plan etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctrine", + "philosophy", + "philosophical system", + "school of thought", + "ism" + ], + "it": [ + "dottrina", + "filosofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "filosofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation" + ], + "it": [ + "la filosofia di mio padre era \"vivi e lascia vivere\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectation", + "outlook", + "prospect" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettativa", + "prospettiva", + "idea", + "attesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief about (or mental picture of) the future" + ], + "it": [ + "immagine di una realtà o di eventi futuri che ci si costruisce nella mente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetishism", + "fetichism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in the magical power of fetishes (or the worship of a fetish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geneticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that all human characteristics are determined genetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meliorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that the world can be made better by human effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opinion", + "sentiment", + "persuasion", + "view", + "thought" + ], + "it": [ + "avviso", + "giudizio", + "opinione", + "parere", + "sentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autotelism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief that a work of art is an end in itself or its own justification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that the United States Constitution should be interpreted in the way the authors originally intended it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacifism", + "pacificism" + ], + "it": [ + "pacifismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that all international disputes can be settled by arbitration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestinarianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief or doctrine of predestinarians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religion", + "faith", + "religious belief" + ], + "it": [ + "fede", + "religione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cult", + "cultus", + "religious cult" + ], + "it": [ + "culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of religious beliefs and rituals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion or sect that is generally considered to be unorthodox, extremist, or false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiasticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religion appropriate to a church and to ecclesiastical principles and practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mysticism", + "religious mysticism" + ], + "it": [ + "mistica", + "misticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion based on mystical communion with an ultimate reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quietism" + ], + "it": [ + "quietismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of religious mysticism requiring withdrawal from all human effort and passive contemplation of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sufism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Islamic mysticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature worship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of religion that deifies and worships natural forces and phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revealed religion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion founded primarily on the revelations of God to humankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opinion or judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public opinion", + "popular opinion", + "opinion", + "vox populi" + ], + "it": [ + "opinione pubblica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preconception", + "prepossession", + "parti pris", + "preconceived opinion", + "preconceived idea", + "preconceived notion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taboo", + "tabu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrational hostility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme prejudice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promise", + "hope" + ], + "it": [ + "speranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grounds for feeling hopeful about the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illusory hope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foretaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early limited awareness of something yet to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possibility" + ], + "it": [ + "possibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a future prospect or potential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipation", + "expectancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something expected (as on the basis of a norm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprehension", + "misgiving" + ], + "it": [ + "apprensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painful expectation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in the spread of revolutionary principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacerdotalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief that priests can act as mediators between human beings and God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualism" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that the spirits of dead people can communicate with people who are still alive (especially via a medium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritual world", + "spiritual domain", + "unseen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief that there is a realm controlled by a divine spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffragism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that the right to vote should be extended (as to women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernaturalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superstition", + "superstitious notion" + ], + "it": [ + "pregiudizio", + "superstizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supremacism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that some particular group or race is superior to all others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory" + ], + "it": [ + "teoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief that can guide behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethics) the theory that the pursuit of your own welfare in the basis of morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patchwork", + "hodgepodge", + "jumble" + ], + "it": [ + "minestrone", + "miscuglio", + "pastiche", + "pot-pourri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory or argument made up of miscellaneous or incongruous ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "teosofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of belief based on mystical insight into the nature of God and the soul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theosophism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in theosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthroposophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of beliefs and practices based on the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner; it claims to integrate the practical and psychological in child-centered education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kabbalah", + "Kabbala", + "Kabala", + "Cabbalah", + "Cabbala", + "Cabala", + "Qabbalah", + "Qabbala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an esoteric theosophy of rabbinical origin based on the Hebrew scriptures and developed between the 7th and 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kabbalism", + "Cabalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrines of the Kabbalah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thought" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totemism" + ], + "it": [ + "totemismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di credenze e riti fondati sui rapporti che gli individui di varie popolazioni primitive antiche e attuali ritengono di avere con il loro totem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beliefs of a tribal society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "values" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vampirism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the existence of vampires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainstream" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "corrente principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prevailing current of thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle" + ], + "it": [ + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or standard especially of good behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting principle", + "accounting standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle that governs current accounting practice and that is used as a reference to determine the appropriate treatment of complex transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chivalry", + "knightliness" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medieval principles governing knighthood and knightly conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethic", + "moral principle", + "value-system", + "value orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chartism" + ], + "it": [ + "cartismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles of a body of 19th century English reformers who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hellenism" + ], + "it": [ + "ellenismo", + "grecità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles and ideals associated with classical Greek civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal principle", + "judicial principle", + "judicial doctrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a principle underlying the formulation of jurisprudence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jus sanguinis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that a person's nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jus soli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that a person's nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemption", + "pre-emption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the judicial principle asserting the supremacy of federal over state legislation on the same subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relation back", + "relation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the principle that an act done at a later time is deemed by law to have occurred at an earlier time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethical or moral principle that inhibits action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a command based on Jesus' words in the Sermon on the Mount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athanasian Creed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian profession of faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abolitionism" + ], + "it": [ + "abolizionismo", + "antischiavismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolutism" + ], + "it": [ + "assolutismo", + "autoritarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of an absolute being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amoralism" + ], + "it": [ + "amoralismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animalism" + ], + "it": [ + "animalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animism" + ], + "it": [ + "animismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiestablishmentarianism", + "antiestablishmentism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of opposition to the social and political establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asceticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British empiricism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the predominant philosophical tradition in Great Britain since the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contextualism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any doctrine emphasizing the importance of the context in solving problems or establishing the meaning of terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creationism" + ], + "it": [ + "creazionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the literal belief in the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creation science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effort to give scientific support for the truth of the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creed", + "credo" + ], + "it": [ + "credo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any system of principles or beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine right", + "divine right of kings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that kings derive their right to rule directly from God and are not accountable to their subjects; rebellion is the worst of political crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogma" + ], + "it": [ + "dogma", + "domma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dualism" + ], + "it": [ + "dualismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicureanism" + ], + "it": [ + "epicureismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establishmentarianism", + "establishmentism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of supporting the social or political establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that ethics and ethical ideas are valid and important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansionism" + ], + "it": [ + "espansionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empirical doctrine that advocates experimental principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalism" + ], + "it": [ + "formalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functionalism" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girondism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of the Girondists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gospel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnosophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitation" + ], + "it": [ + "imitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimesis" + ], + "it": [ + "mimesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imitative representation of nature and human behavior in art and literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individualism", + "laissez faire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individualism" + ], + "it": [ + "individualismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rugged individualism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "individualism in social and economic affairs; belief not only in personal liberty and self-reliance but also in free competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unilateralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-way street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unilateral interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irredentism", + "irridentism" + ], + "it": [ + "irredentismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority rule", + "democracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monism" + ], + "it": [ + "monismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiculturalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "nazionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihilism" + ], + "it": [ + "nichilismo", + "nihilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacifism", + "pacificism", + "passivism" + ], + "it": [ + "pacifismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that all violence is unjustifiable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralism" + ], + "it": [ + "pluralismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "populism" + ], + "it": [ + "populismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestination", + "foreordination", + "preordination", + "predetermination" + ], + "it": [ + "predestinazione", + "predeterminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) being determined in advance; especially the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (as in the Book of Revelations) are presently in the course of being fulfilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalism", + "freethinking" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reformism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine of reform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanism", + "secular humanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanitarianism", + "humanism" + ], + "it": [ + "umanitarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egalitarianism", + "equalitarianism" + ], + "it": [ + "egalitarismo", + "egualitarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juju" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power associated with a juju" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic", + "thaumaturgy" + ], + "it": [ + "magia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any art that invokes supernatural powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mojo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magic power or magic spell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occultism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in supernatural powers and the possibility of bringing them under human control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occultism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the supernatural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnationism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that on the death of the body the soul migrates to or is born again in another body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secessionism" + ], + "it": [ + "secessionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that maintains the right of secession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secularism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aesthetic", + "esthetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristotelianism", + "peripateticism" + ], + "it": [ + "aristotelismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophy of Aristotle that deals with logic and metaphysics and ethics and poetics and politics and natural science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceptualism" + ], + "it": [ + "concettualismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that the application of a general term to various objects indicates the existence of a mental entity that mediates the application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confucianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deconstruction", + "deconstructionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empiricism", + "empiricist philosophy", + "sensationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "empirismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environmentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical doctrine that environment is more important than heredity in determining intellectual growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "existentialism", + "existential philosophy", + "existentialist philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenzialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determinism" + ], + "it": [ + "determinismo", + "necessitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a philosophical theory holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatalism" + ], + "it": [ + "fatalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are predetermined in advance for all time and human beings are powerless to change them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hereditarianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical doctrine that heredity is more important than environment in determining intellectual growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealism" + ], + "it": [ + "idealismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intuitionism" + ], + "it": [ + "intuitivismo", + "intuizionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logicism" + ], + "it": [ + "logicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialism", + "physicalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nativism" + ], + "it": [ + "innatismo", + "nativismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that some ideas are innate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalism" + ], + "it": [ + "naturalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neoplatonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of philosophical and theological doctrines composed of elements of Platonism and Aristotelianism and oriental mysticism; its most distinctive doctrine holds that the first principle and source of reality transcends being and thought and is naturally unknowable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platonism", + "realism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pragmatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of pragmatic philosophy that considers idea to be instruments that should guide our actions and their value is measured by their success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probabilism" + ], + "it": [ + "probabilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realism", + "naive realism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects continue to exist when not perceived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relativism" + ], + "it": [ + "relativismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scholasticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiotics", + "semiology" + ], + "it": [ + "semeiologia", + "semiologia", + "semiotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensualism", + "sensationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solipsism" + ], + "it": [ + "solipsismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualism" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritualismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) any doctrine that asserts the separate existence of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stoicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjectivism" + ], + "it": [ + "soggettivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoism", + "Daoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "philosophical system developed by Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleology" + ], + "it": [ + "finalismo", + "teleologia", + "teleologismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traditionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that all knowledge was originally derived by divine revelation and that it is transmitted by traditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalism" + ], + "it": [ + "vitalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjuring", + "conjuration", + "conjury", + "invocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calling up a spirit or devil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old wives' tale" + ], + "it": [ + "leggenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bit of lore passed on by word of mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exorcism", + "dispossession" + ], + "it": [ + "esorcizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freeing from evil spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evocation", + "summoning" + ], + "it": [ + "evocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calling up supposed supernatural forces by spells and incantations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorcery", + "black magic", + "black art", + "necromancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief in magical spells that harness occult forces or evil spirits to produce unnatural effects in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theurgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white magic performed with the help of beneficent spirits (as formerly practiced by Neoplatonists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witchcraft", + "witchery" + ], + "it": [ + "sortilegio", + "stregoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of sorcery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchantment", + "bewitchment" + ], + "it": [ + "affatturazione", + "ammaliamento", + "fascinazione", + "incantesimo", + "incanto", + "magia", + "malia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magical spell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabolism", + "demonism", + "Satanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in and reverence for devils (especially Satan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white magic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magic used only for good purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbelief", + "disbelief" + ], + "it": [ + "miscredenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rejection of belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnosticism", + "skepticism", + "scepticism" + ], + "it": [ + "scetticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disbelief in any claims of ultimate knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atheism" + ], + "it": [ + "ateismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of belief in the existence of God or gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heresy", + "unorthodoxy" + ], + "it": [ + "eresia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconoclasm" + ], + "it": [ + "iconoclastia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the orientation of an iconoclast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal", + "end" + ], + "it": [ + "meta", + "obbiettivo", + "obiettivo", + "scopo", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aim", + "object", + "objective", + "target" + ], + "it": [ + "finalità", + "fine", + "meta", + "oggetto", + "scopo", + "obbiettivo", + "obiettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourn", + "bourne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for a goal or destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end-all" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ultimate goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destination", + "terminus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ultimate goal for which something is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object of any prolonged endeavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-goal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonexistent goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purpose", + "intent", + "intention", + "aim", + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "animo", + "disegno", + "finalità", + "fine", + "intendimento", + "intento", + "intenzione", + "meta", + "mira", + "pensamento", + "proposito", + "scopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intention" + ], + "it": [ + "intenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the goal with respect to a marriage proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind", + "idea" + ], + "it": [ + "idea", + "mente", + "mezza idea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your intention; what you intend to do" + ], + "it": [ + "una intenzione", + "cosa si intende fare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-purpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contrary aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final cause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(philosophy) the end or purpose of a thing or process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the purpose of achieving or obtaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purpose; the phrase `with a view to' means `with the intention of' or `for the purpose of'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "will" + ], + "it": [ + "volontà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed and persistent intent or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business" + ], + "it": [ + "scopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immediate objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occasions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something you have to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object of an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special objective" + ], + "it": [ + "una meta prefissata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "education" + ], + "it": [ + "cultura", + "istruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge acquired by learning and instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experience" + ], + "it": [ + "esperienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the content of direct observation or participation in an event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acculturation", + "culture" + ], + "it": [ + "cultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the knowledge and values shared by a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cultural unit (an idea or value or pattern of behavior) that is passed from one person to another by non-genetic means (as by imitation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lore", + "traditional knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge gained through tradition or anecdote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folklore" + ], + "it": [ + "folclore", + "folklore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unwritten lore (stories and proverbs and riddles and songs) of a culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eruditeness", + "erudition", + "learnedness", + "learning", + "scholarship", + "encyclopedism", + "encyclopaedism" + ], + "it": [ + "cultura", + "dottrina", + "erudizione", + "sapere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profound scholarly knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscenza radicata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scholarly attainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlightenment" + ], + "it": [ + "lume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation", + "grounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "education or instruction in the fundamentals of a field of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political policy of concentrating power in a central organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "containment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of creating strategic alliances in order to check the expansion of a hostile power or ideology or to force it to negotiate peacefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderationism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of being moderate or acting with moderation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscurantism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of opposition to enlightenment or the spread of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thatcherism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(England) the political policy of Margaret Thatcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultramontanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the policy that the absolute authority of the church should be vested in the pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edification", + "sophistication" + ], + "it": [ + "edificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uplifting enlightenment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Zen Buddhism) a state of sudden spiritual enlightenment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disenchantment", + "disillusion", + "disillusionment" + ], + "it": [ + "disillusione", + "disincanto", + "disinganno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freeing from false belief or illusions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignorance" + ], + "it": [ + "ignoranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lack of knowledge or education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark", + "darkness" + ], + "it": [ + "buio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unenlightened state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignorantness", + "nescience", + "unknowing", + "unknowingness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignorance (especially of orthodox beliefs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inexperience", + "rawness" + ], + "it": [ + "imperizia", + "impreparazione", + "inesperienza", + "sprovvedutezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of experience and the knowledge and understanding derived from experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unenlightenment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illiteracy" + ], + "it": [ + "ignoranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignorance resulting from not reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory" + ], + "it": [ + "teoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory of gravitation", + "theory of gravity", + "gravitational theory", + "Newton's theory of gravitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the theory that any two particles of matter attract one another with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle of relativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a universal law that states that the laws of mechanics are not affected by a uniform rectilinear motion of the system of coordinates to which they are referred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occam's Razor", + "Ockham's Razor", + "principle of parsimony", + "law of parsimony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that entities should not be multiplied needlessly; the simplest of two competing theories is to be preferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle of equivalence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the principle that an observer has no way of distinguishing whether his laboratory is in a uniform gravitational field or is in an accelerated frame of reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle of liquid displacement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(hydrostatics) the volume of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the volume of the displaced fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle of superposition", + "Huygens' principle of superposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the displacement of any point due to the superposition of wave systems is equal to the sum of the displacements of the individual waves at that point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle of superposition", + "superposition principle", + "superposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass-action principle", + "mass action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurology) the principle that the cortex of the brain operates as a coordinated system with large masses of neural tissue involved in all complex functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "localization of function", + "localisation of function", + "localization principle", + "localisation principle", + "localization", + "localisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the principle that specific functions have relatively circumscribed locations in some particular part or organ of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateralization", + "lateralisation", + "laterality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "localization of function on either the right or left sides of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blastogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theory that inherited characteristics are transmitted by germ plasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preformation", + "theory of preformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory (popular in the 18th century and now discredited) that an individual develops by simple enlargement of a tiny fully formed organism (a homunculus) that exists in the germ cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectical materialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the materialistic philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positivism", + "logical positivism" + ], + "it": [ + "neopositivismo", + "positivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comtism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Auguste Comte's positivistic philosophy that metaphysics and theology should be replaced by a hierarchy of sciences from mathematics at the base to sociology at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory that explains scientific observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a theory that explains a physical phenomenon in terms of a field and the manner in which it interacts with matter or with other fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organicism" + ], + "it": [ + "organicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theory that the total organization of an organism rather than the functioning of individual organs is the determinant of life processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a theory of commercial activities (such as the production and consumption of goods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theory that an increasing consumption of goods is economically beneficial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keynesianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes who advocated government monetary and fiscal programs intended to stimulate business activity and increase employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malthusianism", + "Malthusian theory" + ], + "it": [ + "malthusanismo", + "malthusianesimo", + "malthusianismo", + "maltusianesimo", + "maltusianismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malthus' theory that population increase would outpace increases in the means of subsistence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetarism" + ], + "it": [ + "monetarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic theory holding that variations in unemployment and the rate of inflation are usually caused by changes in the supply of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevens' law", + "power law", + "Stevens' power law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychophysics) the concept that the magnitude of a subjective sensation increases proportional to a power of the stimulus intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychophysics) the concept that a just-noticeable difference in a stimulus is proportional to the magnitude of the original stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline", + "subject", + "subject area", + "subject field", + "field", + "field of study", + "study", + "bailiwick" + ], + "it": [ + "ambito", + "disciplina", + "materia", + "ramo", + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "settore di studio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communications", + "communication theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline that studies the principles of transmiting information and the methods by which it is delivered (as print or radio or television etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal field of study of a student at a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "region", + "realm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontier" + ], + "it": [ + "frontiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undeveloped field of study; a topic inviting research and development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genealogy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study or investigation of ancestry and family history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the relative growth of a part of an organism in relation to the growth of the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliotics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of documents and handwriting etc. especially to determine authorship or authenticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal word (abstracted from words with this ending) for some unidentified branch of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study or the use of symbols and symbolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey area", + "gray area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermediate area; a topic that is not clearly one thing or the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territory" + ], + "it": [ + "argomento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of knowledge or interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knowledge domain", + "knowledge base", + "domain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the content of a particular field of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaknowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge about knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientific knowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "scienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge accumulated by systematic study and organized by general principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "science", + "scientific discipline" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scienza", + "materie scientifiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular branch of scientific knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural science" + ], + "it": [ + "scienze naturali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sciences involved in the study of the physical world and its phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematics", + "math", + "maths" + ], + "it": [ + "matematica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pure mathematics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branches of mathematics that study and develop the principles of mathematics for their own sake rather than for their immediate usefulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmetic" + ], + "it": [ + "aritmetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of pure mathematics dealing with the theory of numerical calculations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algorism" + ], + "it": [ + "algorismo", + "algoritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computation with Arabic figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometry" + ], + "it": [ + "geometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pure mathematics of points and lines and curves and surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affine geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geometry of affine transformations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elementary geometry", + "parabolic geometry", + "Euclidean geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) geometry based on Euclid's axioms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's axiom", + "Euclid's postulate", + "Euclidean axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) any of five axioms that are generally recognized as the basis for Euclidean geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's first axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line can be drawn between any two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's second axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any terminated straight line can be projected indefinitely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's third axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circle with any radius can be drawn around any point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's fourth axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all right angles are equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid's fifth axiom", + "parallel axiom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only one line can be drawn through a point parallel to another line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractal geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the geometry of fractals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-Euclidean geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) geometry based on axioms different from Euclid's" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbolic geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a non-Euclidean geometry in which the parallel axiom is replaced by the assumption that through any point in a plane there are two or more lines that do not intersect a given line in the plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elliptic geometry", + "Riemannian geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a non-Euclidean geometry that regards space as like a sphere and a line as like a great circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerical analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the branch of mathematics that studies algorithms for approximating solutions to problems in the infinitesimal calculus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the geometry of figures on the surface of a sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical trigonometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the trigonometry of spherical triangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trigonometric method of determining the position of a fixed point from the angles to it from two fixed points a known distance apart; useful in navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analytic geometry", + "analytical geometry", + "coordinate geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of algebra to study geometric properties; operates on symbols defined in a coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axis" + ], + "it": [ + "asse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a straight line through a body or figure that satisfies certain conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the fixed reference lines of a coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origin" + ], + "it": [ + "origine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of intersection of coordinate axes; where the values of the coordinates are all zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "x-axis" + ], + "it": [ + "ascissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horizontal axis in a plane coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "y-axis" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vertical axis in a plane coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "z-axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third axis in a 3-dimensional coordinate system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest axis of an ellipse or ellipsoid; passes through the two foci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semimajor axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-half the major axis of an ellipse; the distance from the center of an ellipse to one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shorter or shortest axis of an ellipse or ellipsoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiminor axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-half the minor axis of an ellipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal axis", + "optic axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that passes through the center of curvature of a lens so that light is neither reflected nor refracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optic axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a doubly refracting crystal, the line in the direction of which no double refraction occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertial reference frame", + "inertial frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coordinate system in which Newton's first law of motion is valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space-time", + "space-time continuum" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio-tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the four-dimensional coordinate system (3 dimensions of space and 1 of time) in which physical events are located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate", + "co-ordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number that identifies a position relative to an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartesian coordinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the coordinates in a system of coordinates that locates a point on a plane or in space by its distance from two lines or three planes respectively; the two lines or the intersections of the three planes are the coordinate axes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimension" + ], + "it": [ + "dimensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three Cartesian coordinates that determine a position in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscissa" + ], + "it": [ + "ascissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value of a coordinate on the horizontal axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value of a coordinate on the vertical axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point at which a line intersects a coordinate axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar coordinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two values that locate a point on a plane by its distance from a fixed pole and its angle from a fixed line passing through the pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geometry of 2-dimensional figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid geometry" + ], + "it": [ + "geometria solida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geometry of 3-dimensional space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projective geometry", + "descriptive geometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geometry of properties that remain invariant under projection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigonometry", + "trig" + ], + "it": [ + "trigonometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mathematics of triangles and trigonometric functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algebra" + ], + "it": [ + "algebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mathematics of generalized arithmetical operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadratics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of algebra dealing with quadratic equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear algebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of algebra that deals with the theory of linear equations and linear transformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector algebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of algebra that deals with the theory of vectors and vector spaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decomposition", + "vector decomposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the analysis of a vector field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix algebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of algebra that deals with the theory of matrices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculus", + "infinitesimal calculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mathematics that is concerned with limits and with the differentiation and integration of functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of mathematics involving calculus and the theory of limits; sequences and series and integration and differentiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourier analysis", + "harmonic analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis of a periodic function into a sum of simple sinusoidal components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential calculus", + "method of fluxions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of calculus that deals with the variation of a function with respect to changes in the independent variable (or variables) by means of the concepts of derivative and differential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derived function", + "derivative", + "differential coefficient", + "differential", + "first derivative" + ], + "it": [ + "derivata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of mathematical differentiation; the instantaneous change of one quantity relative to another; df(x)/dx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial derivative", + "partial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the derivative of a function of two or more variables with respect to a single variable while the other variables are considered to be constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integral calculus" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo integrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of calculus that deals with integration and its application in the solution of differential equations and in determining areas or volumes etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integral" + ], + "it": [ + "integrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of a mathematical integration; F(x) is the integral of f(x) if dF/dx = f(x)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indefinite integral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of functions F(x) + C, where C is any real number, such that F(x) is the integral of f(x)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definite integral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the integral of a function over a definite interval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculus of variations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the calculus of maxima and minima of definite integrals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of pure mathematics that deals with the nature and relations of sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set containing all points (or all real numbers) between two given endpoints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed interval", + "bounded interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interval that includes its endpoints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open interval", + "unbounded interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interval that does not include its endpoints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sub-interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interval that is included in another interval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group", + "mathematical group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse" + ], + "it": [ + "struttura algebrica definita attraverso un'operazione binaria associativa, rispetto alla quale esiste l'elemento neutro e, per ogni elemento, il suo inverso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subgroup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a subset (that is not empty) of a mathematical group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group theory" + ], + "it": [ + "teoria dei gruppi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mathematics dealing with groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galois theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group theory applied to the solution of algebraic equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abelian group", + "commutative group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo abeliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that satisfies the commutative law" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo in cui l'operazione è commutativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topology", + "analysis situs" + ], + "it": [ + "topologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of pure mathematics that deals only with the properties of a figure X that hold for every figure into which X can be transformed with a one-to-one correspondence that is continuous in both directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamathematics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical analysis of mathematical reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applied mathematics", + "applied math" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branches of mathematics that are involved in the study of the physical or biological or sociological world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear programming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical technique used in economics; finds the maximum or minimum of linear functions in many variables subject to constraints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistics" + ], + "it": [ + "statistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistical method", + "statistical procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of analyzing or representing statistical data; a procedure for calculating a statistic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "least squares", + "method of least squares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of fitting a curve to data points so as to minimize the sum of the squares of the distances of the points from the curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multivariate analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generic term for any statistical technique used to analyze data from more than one variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistic" + ], + "it": [ + "statistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a datum that can be represented numerically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average", + "norm" + ], + "it": [ + "media", + "norma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistic describing the location of a distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demographic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistic characterizing human populations (or segments of human populations broken down by age or sex or income etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference between an observed value and the expected value of a variable or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the n-th moment of a distribution is the expected value of the n-th power of the deviations from a fixed value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonparametric statistic", + "distribution free statistic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistic computed without knowledge of the form or the parameters of the distribution from which observations are drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parametric statistic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any statistic computed by procedures that assume the data were drawn from a particular distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age norm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the average age at which particular performances are expected to appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme deviation from the mean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean deviation", + "mean deviation from the mean" + ], + "it": [ + "scarto medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of deviations from the mean of a distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mode", + "modal value" + ], + "it": [ + "moda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most frequent value of a random variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "median", + "median value" + ], + "it": [ + "mediana", + "valore mediano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the value below which 50% of the cases fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean", + "mean value" + ], + "it": [ + "media" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the numbers and dividing by some function of n" + ], + "it": [ + "matematica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmetic mean", + "first moment", + "expectation", + "expected value" + ], + "it": [ + "media aritmetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sum of the values of a random variable divided by the number of values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometric mean" + ], + "it": [ + "media geometrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mean of n numbers expressed as the n-th root of their product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonic mean" + ], + "it": [ + "media armonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mean of n numbers expressed as the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocals of the numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expected value of the square of the deviations of a random variable from the point of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second moment around the mean; the expected value of the square of the deviations of a random variable from its mean value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard deviation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the square root of the variance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covariance" + ], + "it": [ + "covarianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) the mean value of the product of the deviations of two variates from their respective means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency distribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distribution of observed frequencies of occurrence of the values of a variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normal distribution", + "Gaussian distribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theoretical distribution with finite mean and variance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poisson distribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theoretical distribution that is a good approximation to the binomial distribution when the probability is small and the number of trials is large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normal curve", + "bell-shaped curve", + "Gaussian curve", + "Gaussian shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symmetrical curve representing the normal distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population", + "universe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) the entire aggregation of items from which samples can be drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subpopulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a population that is part of a larger population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sample distribution", + "sample", + "sampling" + ], + "it": [ + "campione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random sample" + ], + "it": [ + "campione casuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sample in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratified sample", + "representative sample", + "proportional sample" + ], + "it": [ + "campione rappresentativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the population is divided into strata and a random sample is taken from each stratum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression", + "simple regression", + "regression toward the mean", + "statistical regression" + ], + "it": [ + "regressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between selected values of x and observed values of y (from which the most probable value of y can be predicted for any value of x)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple regression", + "multiple correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical technique that predicts values of one variable on the basis of two or more other variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multicollinearity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case of multiple regression in which the predictor variables are themselves highly correlated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of regression to make quantitative predictions of one variable from the values of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression equation", + "regression of y on x" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the equation representing the relation between selected values of one variable (x) and observed values of the other (y); it permits the prediction of the most probable values of y" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression coefficient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "when the regression line is linear (y = ax + b) the regression coefficient is the constant (a) that represents the rate of change of one variable (y) as a function of changes in the other (x); it is the slope of the regression line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear regression", + "rectilinear regression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between variables when the regression equation is linear: e.g., y = ax + b" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvilinear regression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relation between variables when the regression equation is nonlinear (quadratic or higher order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regression line", + "regression curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth curve fitted to the set of paired data in regression analysis; for linear regression the curve is a straight line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of values of a variable at successive times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vital statistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data relating to births and deaths and health and diseases and marriages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlational analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of statistical correlation to evaluate the strength of the relations between variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlation matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice di correlazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matrix giving the correlations between all pairs of data sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several methods for reducing correlational data to a smaller number of dimensions or factors; beginning with a correlation matrix a small number of components or factors are extracted that are regarded as the basic variables that account for the interrelations observed in the data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis of variance", + "ANOVA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means; a statistical method that yields values that can be tested to determine whether a significant relation exists between variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlation table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-way tabulation of the relations between correlates; row headings are the scores on one variable and column headings are the scores on the second variables and a cell shows how many times the score on that row was associated with the score in that column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlation", + "correlational statistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvilinear correlation", + "nonlinear correlation", + "skew correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any correlation in which the rates of change of the variables is not constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation between two variables when the effects of one or more related variables are removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-order correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partial correlation in which the effects of only one variable are removed (held constant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlation coefficient", + "coefficient of correlation", + "correlation" + ], + "it": [ + "correlazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary; it can vary from -1 (perfect negative correlation) through 0 (no correlation) to +1 (perfect positive correlation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covariation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(statistics) correlated variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive correlation", + "direct correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with large values of the other and small with small; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and +1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative correlation", + "indirect correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with small values of the other; the correlation coefficient is between 0 and -1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product-moment correlation coefficient", + "Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most commonly used method of computing a correlation coefficient between variables that are linearly related" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple correlation coefficient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estimate of the combined influence of two or more variables on the observed (dependent) variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biserial correlation coefficient", + "biserial correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation coefficient in which one variable is many-valued and the other is dichotomous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonparametric statistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of statistics dealing with variables without making assumptions about the form or the parameters of their distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank-order correlation coefficient", + "rank-order correlation", + "rank-difference correlation coefficient", + "rank-difference correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most commonly used method of computing a correlation coefficient between the ranks of scores on two variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kendall test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several nonparametric measures of correlation (used when the assumptions of standard correlational analysis are not met)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kendall partial rank correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonparametric measure of partial correlation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coefficient of concordance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coefficient of agreement (concordance) between different sets of rank orderings of the same set of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tau coefficient of correlation", + "Kendall's tau", + "Kendall rank correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonparametric measure of the agreement between two rankings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phi coefficient", + "phi correlation", + "fourfold point correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index of the relation between any two sets of scores that can both be represented on ordered binary dimensions (e.g., male-female)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split-half correlation", + "chance-half correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation coefficient calculated between scores on two halves of a test; taken as an indication of the reliability of the test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrachoric correlation coefficient", + "tetrachoric correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation coefficient computed for two normally distributed variables that are both expressed as a dichotomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurious correlation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correlation between two variables (e.g., between the number of electric motors in the home and grades at school) that does not result from any direct relation between them (buying electric motors will not raise grades) but from their relation to other variables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binomial" + ], + "it": [ + "binomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a quantity expressed as a sum or difference of two terms; a polynomial with two terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binomial distribution", + "Bernoulli distribution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theoretical distribution of the number of successes in a finite set of independent trials with a constant probability of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binomial theorem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theorem giving the expansion of a binomial raised to a given power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probability theory", + "theory of probability" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of applied mathematics that deals with probabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life science", + "bioscience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the branches of natural science dealing with the structure and behavior of living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biology", + "biological science" + ], + "it": [ + "biologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science that studies living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biomedical science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of the principles of the natural sciences to medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biometrics", + "biometry", + "biostatistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of biology that studies biological phenomena and observations by means of statistical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craniology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of the skulls of various human races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatoglyphics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the whorls and loops and arches in the fingertips and on the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dietetics" + ], + "it": [ + "dietetica", + "dietologia", + "sitologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of food preparation and intake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrobiotics" + ], + "it": [ + "macrobiotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theory of promoting health and longevity by means of diet (especially whole beans and grains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eugenics" + ], + "it": [ + "eugenetica", + "eugenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of methods of improving genetic qualities by selective breeding (especially as applied to human mating)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysgenics", + "cacogenics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the operation of factors causing degeneration in the type of offspring produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euthenics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of methods of improving human well-being and efficient functioning by improving environmental conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine", + "medical specialty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrenology" + ], + "it": [ + "frenologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a now abandoned study of the shape of skull as indicative of the strengths of different faculties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeromedicine", + "aerospace medicine", + "aviation medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study and treatment of disorders associated with flight (especially with space flight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergology" + ], + "it": [ + "allergologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies the causes and treatment of allergies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthesiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies and applies anesthetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiology" + ], + "it": [ + "angiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies the blood and lymph vessels and their disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriology" + ], + "it": [ + "batteriologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies bacteria in relation to disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biomedicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies the ability of organisms to withstand environmental stress (as in space travel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biomedicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that applies biological and physiological principles to clinical practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiology" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the heart and its diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentistry", + "dental medicine", + "odontology" + ], + "it": [ + "odontoiatria", + "odontologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the anatomy and development and diseases of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic dentistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with the appearance of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry involving surgical procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endodontics", + "endodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the dental pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exodontics", + "exodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with extraction of teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodontics", + "orthodontia", + "orthodonture", + "dental orthopedics", + "dental orthopaedics" + ], + "it": [ + "ortodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with the prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodontics", + "periodontia" + ], + "it": [ + "paradontologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the gums and other structures around the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the production and use of artificial body parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthodontics", + "prosthodontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of dentistry dealing with the replacement of teeth and related mouth or jaw structures by artificial devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatology" + ], + "it": [ + "dermatologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergency medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the prompt diagnosis and treatment of injuries or trauma or sudden illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocrinology" + ], + "it": [ + "endocrinologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the endocrine glands and their secretions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidemiology" + ], + "it": [ + "epidemiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science dealing with the transmission and control of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forensic medicine", + "forensic pathology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that uses medical knowledge for legal purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroenterology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that studies the gastrointestinal tract and its diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geriatrics", + "gerontology" + ], + "it": [ + "geriatria", + "gerontoiatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that deals with diseases and problems specific to old people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynecology", + "gynaecology" + ], + "it": [ + "ginecologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and hygiene of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematology", + "haematology" + ], + "it": [ + "ematologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygiene", + "hygienics" + ], + "it": [ + "igiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science concerned with the prevention of illness and maintenance of health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunology" + ], + "it": [ + "immunologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies the body's immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunochemistry", + "chemoimmunology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the field of chemistry concerned with chemical processes in immunology (such as chemical studies of antigens and antibodies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunopathology" + ], + "it": [ + "immunopatologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of immunology that deals with pathologies of the immune system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal medicine", + "general medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and (nonsurgical) treatment of diseases of the internal organs (especially in adults)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the kidney - its development and anatomy and physiology and disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that uses radioactive materials either to image a patient's body or to destroy diseased cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurology", + "clinical neurology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurology) the branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system and its disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuropsychiatry" + ], + "it": [ + "neuropsichiatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders attributable to diseases of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosology", + "diagnostics" + ], + "it": [ + "diagnostica", + "nosologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science dealing with the classification of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstetrics", + "OB", + "tocology", + "midwifery" + ], + "it": [ + "ostetricia", + "tocologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with childbirth and care of the mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetology", + "foetology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the fetus in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perinatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of obstetrics concerned with the anatomy and physiology and diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mother and the fetus or newborn baby during late pregnancy and childbirth and the puerperium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oncology" + ], + "it": [ + "cancerologia", + "oncologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of tumors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmology" + ], + "it": [ + "oculistica", + "oftalmoiatria", + "oftalmologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the eye and its diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "otology" + ], + "it": [ + "otoiatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the ear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacology", + "pharmacological medicine", + "materia medica" + ], + "it": [ + "farmacologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science or study of drugs: their preparation and properties and uses and effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacy", + "pharmaceutics" + ], + "it": [ + "farmaceutica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art and science of preparing and dispensing drugs and medicines," + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacokinetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the action of drugs in the body: method and rate of excretion; duration of effect; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pharmacological determination of appropriate doses of drugs and medicines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychopharmacology" + ], + "it": [ + "psicofarmacologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of drugs that affect the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychiatry", + "psychopathology", + "psychological medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "freniatria", + "psichiatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obsolete term for the study and treatment of mental illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy", + "psychotherapeutics", + "mental hygiene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychiatry concerned with psychological methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinical psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology concerned with the treatment of abnormal mentation and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freudian psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological theories of Sigmund Freud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jungian psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychological theories of Carl Jung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomy", + "general anatomy" + ], + "it": [ + "anatomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinical anatomy", + "applied anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practical application of anatomical knowledge to diagnosis and treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of anatomical features of animals of different species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of gross anatomy concerning with the morphology of teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developmental anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anatomy that studies structural changes of an individual from fertilization to maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functional anatomy", + "physiological anatomy", + "morphophysiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of anatomy in its relation to function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross anatomy", + "macroscopic anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the structure of the body and its parts without the use of a microscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microscopic anatomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of microscopic structures of tissues and organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroanatomy" + ], + "it": [ + "neuroanatomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anatomy of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anatomy that studies the bones of the vertebrate skeleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regional anatomy", + "topographic anatomy", + "topology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audiology", + "audiometry" + ], + "it": [ + "audiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the measurement of hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies the causes and nature and effects of diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pediatrics", + "paediatrics", + "pediatric medicine", + "pedology" + ], + "it": [ + "pediatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of infants and children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that branch of pediatric medicine concerned with the newborn; the diagnosis and treatment of neonates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podiatry", + "chiropody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the colon or rectum or anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science dealing with the medical use of X-rays or other penetrating radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of pathologies of the muscles or tendons or joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhinolaryngology", + "otorhinolaryngology", + "otolaryngology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medical specialty that deals with diseases of the ear, nose and throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serology" + ], + "it": [ + "serologia", + "sierologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that deals with serums; especially with blood serums and disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the effects of space flight on human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of injuries or illness resulting from athletic activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgery" + ], + "it": [ + "chirurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthopedics", + "orthopaedics" + ], + "it": [ + "ortopedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science concerned with disorders or deformities of the spine and joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapeutics" + ], + "it": [ + "terapeutica", + "terapia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxicology" + ], + "it": [ + "tossicologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of pharmacology that deals with the nature and effects and treatments of poisons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoracic medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the chest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traumatology", + "accident surgery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the surgical repair of injuries and wounds arising from accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropical medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that are found most often in tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urology", + "urogenital medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "urologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the urinary tract or urogenital system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veterinary medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "veterinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of animals (especially domestic animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virology" + ], + "it": [ + "virologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that studies viruses and viral diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agronomy", + "scientific agriculture" + ], + "it": [ + "agronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of soil and plant sciences to land management and crop production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agrobiology" + ], + "it": [ + "agrobiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of plant nutrition and growth especially as a way to increase crop yield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agrology" + ], + "it": [ + "agrologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "science of soils in relation to crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biogeography" + ], + "it": [ + "biogeografia", + "geonemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dealing with the geographical distribution of animals and plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botany", + "phytology" + ], + "it": [ + "botanica", + "fitologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycology" + ], + "it": [ + "micetologia", + "micologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of botany that studies fungi and fungus-caused diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomology" + ], + "it": [ + "pomologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of botany that studies and cultivates fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryobiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the effects of low temperatures on living tissues or organs or organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the freezing of a seriously ill or recently deceased person to stop tissues from decomposing; the body is preserved until new medical cures are developed that might bring the person back to life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytology" + ], + "it": [ + "citologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the structure and function of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytogenetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the cellular aspects of heredity (especially the chromosomes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecology", + "bionomics", + "environmental science" + ], + "it": [ + "ecologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryology" + ], + "it": [ + "embriologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the formation and early development of living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exobiology", + "space biology", + "astrobiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on living organisms and the search for extraterrestrial life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forestry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of planting and caring for forests and the management of growing timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silviculture" + ], + "it": [ + "selvicoltura", + "silvicoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of forestry dealing with the development and care of forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entomology", + "bugology" + ], + "it": [ + "entomologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidopterology", + "lepidoptery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of entomology dealing with Lepidoptera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethology" + ], + "it": [ + "etologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies the behavior of animals in their natural habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpetology" + ], + "it": [ + "erpetologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology concerned with reptiles and amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyology" + ], + "it": [ + "ittiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies the structure and behavior of mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammalogy" + ], + "it": [ + "mammalogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies eggs (especially birds' eggs and their size, shape, coloration, and number)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithology" + ], + "it": [ + "ornitologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies primates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protozoology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of zoology that studies protozoans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleontology", + "palaeontology", + "fossilology" + ], + "it": [ + "paleontologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earth science that studies fossil organisms and related remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleoanthropology", + "palaeoanthropology", + "human paleontology", + "human palaeontology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of human fossils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleobotany", + "palaeobotany" + ], + "it": [ + "paleobotanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of fossil plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phycology", + "algology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of botany that studies algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pteridology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of botany that studies ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleodendrology", + "palaeodendrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of paleobotany that studies fossil trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleozoology", + "palaeozoology" + ], + "it": [ + "paleozoologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of fossil animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleomammalogy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paleobiology of ancient mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleornithology", + "palaeornithology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paleobiology of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functional genomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genomics that determines the biological function of the genes and their products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural genomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genomics that determines the three-dimensional structures of proteins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetics", + "genetic science" + ], + "it": [ + "genetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genetics that studies organisms in terms of their genomes (their full DNA sequences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proteomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genetics that studies the full set of proteins encoded by a genome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histology" + ], + "it": [ + "istologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the microscopic structure of animal or plant tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbiology" + ], + "it": [ + "microbiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies microorganisms and their effects on humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecular genetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genetics concerned with the structure and activity of genetic material at the molecular level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecular biology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the structure and activity of macromolecules essential to life (and especially with their genetic role)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that deals with the structure of animals and plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurobiology" + ], + "it": [ + "neurobiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that deals with the anatomy and physiology and pathology of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleobiology", + "palaeobiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of paleontology that deals with the origin and growth and structure of fossil animals and plants as living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of medical science that deals with the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacogenetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of genetics that studies the genetically determined variations in responses to drugs in humans or laboratory organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teratology" + ], + "it": [ + "teratologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology concerned with the development of malformations or serious deviations from the normal type of organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biochemistry" + ], + "it": [ + "biochimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enzymology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biochemistry dealing with the chemical nature and biological activity of enzymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zymology", + "zymurgy" + ], + "it": [ + "zimurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of chemistry concerned with fermentation (as in making wine or brewing or distilling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiology" + ], + "it": [ + "fisiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the biological sciences dealing with the functioning of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurophysiology" + ], + "it": [ + "neurofisiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of neuroscience that studies the physiology of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroscience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of neuroscience concerned with the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive neuroscience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of neuroscience that studies the biological foundations of mental phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physiology that studies the circulation of the blood and the forces involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinesiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physiology that studies the mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myology" + ], + "it": [ + "miologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physiology that studies muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleoecology", + "palaeoecology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of ecology that studies ancient ecology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiobiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies the effects of radiation on living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociobiology" + ], + "it": [ + "sociobiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that conducts comparative studies of the social organization of animals (including human beings) with regard to its evolutionary history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoology", + "zoological science" + ], + "it": [ + "zoologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biology that studies animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemistry", + "chemical science" + ], + "it": [ + "chimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemistry of compounds containing carbon (originally defined as the chemistry of substances produced by living organisms but now extended to substances synthesized artificially)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inorganic chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemistry of compounds that do not contain hydrocarbon radicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of chemistry dealing with the physical properties of chemical substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the chemistry of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrochemistry" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrochimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical action of electricity and the production of electricity by chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "femtochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of chemistry that studies elementary (often very fast) chemical reactions as they occur; the experimental methods are often based on the use of femtosecond laser pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemistry of the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photochemistry" + ], + "it": [ + "fotochimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical action of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiochemistry", + "nuclear chemistry" + ], + "it": [ + "radiochimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chemistry of radioactive substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of chemistry that studies processes occurring at interfaces between phases (especially those between liquid and gas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physics", + "natural philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "fisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of matter and energy and their interactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physics", + "physical science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical properties, phenomena, and laws of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustics" + ], + "it": [ + "acustica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the physical properties of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronomy", + "uranology" + ], + "it": [ + "astronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrodynamics" + ], + "it": [ + "astrodinamica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy that studies the motion of natural and artificial bodies in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrometry" + ], + "it": [ + "astrometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the position and motion of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio astronomy" + ], + "it": [ + "radioastronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy that detects and studies the radio waves emitted by celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeronautics", + "astronautics" + ], + "it": [ + "aereonautica", + "aeronautica", + "astronautica", + "aviazione", + "cosmonautica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theory and practice of navigation through air or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avionics" + ], + "it": [ + "avionica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "science and technology of electronic systems and devices for aeronautics and astronautics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biophysics" + ], + "it": [ + "biofisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physics as applied to biological problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy concerned with the application of Newton's laws of motion to the motions of heavenly bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrophysics" + ], + "it": [ + "astrofisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy concerned with the physical and chemical properties of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selenology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy that deals with the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astronomy that deals with the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmology", + "cosmogony", + "cosmogeny" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of astrophysics that studies the origin and evolution and structure of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryogenics", + "cryogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies the phenomena that occur at very low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallography" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of science that studies the formation and structure of crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetism", + "electromagnetics" + ], + "it": [ + "elettromagnetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics concerned with electromagnetic phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronics" + ], + "it": [ + "elettronica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that deals with the emission and effects of electrons and with the use of electronic devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that deals with static electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanics" + ], + "it": [ + "meccanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics concerned with the motion of bodies in a frame of reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear physics", + "atomic physics", + "nucleonics" + ], + "it": [ + "atomistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies the internal structure of atomic nuclei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optics" + ], + "it": [ + "ottica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies the physical properties of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catoptrics" + ], + "it": [ + "catoptrica", + "catottrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch of optics dealing with formation of images by mirrors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holography" + ], + "it": [ + "olografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of optics that deals with the use of coherent light from a laser in order to make a hologram that can then be used to create a three-dimensional image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particle physics", + "high-energy physics", + "high energy physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies subatomic particles and their interactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasma physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics concerned with matter in its plasma phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics based on quantum theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quasiparticle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantum of energy (in a crystal lattice or other system) that has position and momentum and can in some respects be regarded as a particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheology" + ], + "it": [ + "reologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies the deformation and flow of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomism", + "atomic theory", + "atomist theory", + "atomistic theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holism", + "holistic theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theory that the parts of any whole cannot exist and cannot be understood except in their relation to the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic theory" + ], + "it": [ + "atomistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory of the structure of the atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bohr theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a theory of atomic structure that combined Rutherford's model with the quantum theory; electrons orbiting a nucleus can only be in certain stationary energy states and light is emitted when electrons jump from one energy state to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutherford atom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first modern concept of atomic structure; all of the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom are contained in a compact nucleus; a number of electrons (equal to the atomic number) occupy the rest of the volume of the atom and neutralize the positive charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation of charge", + "conservation of electricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that the total electric charge of a system remains constant despite changes inside the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation of energy", + "law of conservation of energy", + "first law of thermodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation of mass", + "conservation of matter", + "law of conservation of mass", + "law of conservation of matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation of momentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that the total linear momentum in a closed system is constant and is not affected by processes occurring inside the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parity", + "conservation of parity", + "space-reflection symmetry", + "mirror symmetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell theory", + "cell doctrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms; proposed in 1838 by Matthias Schleiden and by Theodor Schwann" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave theory", + "undulatory theory", + "wave theory of light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the theory that light is transmitted as waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpuscular theory", + "corpuscular theory of light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the theory that light is transmitted as a stream of particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinetic theory", + "kinetic theory of gases" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a theory that gases consist of small particles in random motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relativity", + "theory of relativity", + "relativity theory", + "Einstein's theory of relativity" + ], + "it": [ + "relatività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the theory that space and time are relative concepts rather than absolute concepts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general relativity", + "general theory of relativity", + "general relativity theory", + "Einstein's general theory of relativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generalization of special relativity to include gravity (based on the principle of equivalence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special relativity", + "special theory of relativity", + "special relativity theory", + "Einstein's special theory of relativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical theory of relativity based on the assumption that the speed of light in a vacuum is a constant and the assumption that the laws of physics are invariant in all inertial systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supersymmetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a theory that tries to link the four fundamental forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum theory" + ], + "it": [ + "teoria dei quanti", + "teoria quantistica", + "teoria quantistica quanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a physical theory that certain properties occur only in discrete amounts (quanta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern form of quantum theory; an extension of quantum mechanics based on Schrodinger's equation; atomic events are explained as interactions between particle waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncertainty principle", + "indeterminacy principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(quantum theory) the theory that it is impossible to measure both energy and time (or position and momentum) completely accurately at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinetic theory of heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory that the temperature of a body increases when kinetic energy increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) the theory that all contagious diseases are caused by microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a statistical theory dealing with the limits and efficiency of information processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory of dissociation", + "theory of electrolytic dissociation", + "Arrhenius theory of dissociation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) theory that describes aqueous solutions in terms of acids (which dissociate to give hydrogen ions) and bases (which dissociate to give hydroxyl ions); the product of an acid and a base is a salt and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory of evolution", + "theory of organic evolution", + "evolutionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a scientific theory of the origin of species of plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory of indicators", + "Ostwald's theory of indicators" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the theory that all indicators are either weak acids or weak bases in which the color of the ionized form is different from the color before dissociation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theory of inheritance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a theory of how characteristics of one generation are derived from earlier generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendelism", + "Mendelianism" + ], + "it": [ + "mendelismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theory of inheritance based on Mendel's laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darwinism" + ], + "it": [ + "darvinismo", + "darwinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory of organic evolution claiming that new species arise and are perpetuated by natural selection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neo-Darwinism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern Darwinian theory that explains new species in terms of genetic mutations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamarckism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory of organic evolution claiming that acquired characteristics are transmitted to offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neo-Lamarckism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern Lamarckian theory emphasizing the importance of environmental factors in genetic changes and retaining the notion of the inheritance of acquired characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermochemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of chemistry that studies the relation between chemical action and the amount of heat absorbed or generated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuated equilibrium", + "theory of punctuated equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory of evolution holding that evolutionary change in the fossil record came in fits and starts rather than in a steady process of slow change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of musical sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical mechanics", + "Newtonian mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics based on Newton's laws of motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solid-state physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that studies the properties of materials in the solid state: electrical conduction in crystals of semiconductors and metals; superconductivity; photoconductivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistical mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics that makes theoretical predictions about the behavior of macroscopic systems on the basis of statistical laws governing its component particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum mechanics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of quantum physics that accounts for matter at the atomic level; an extension of statistical mechanics based on quantum theory (especially the Pauli exclusion principle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum field theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of quantum physics that is concerned with the theory of fields; it was motivated by the question of how an atom radiates light as its electrons jump from excited states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum electrodynamics", + "QED" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relativistic quantum theory of the electromagnetic interactions of photons and electrons and muons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum chromodynamics", + "QCD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory of strong interactions between elementary particles (including the interaction that binds protons and neutrons in the nucleus); it assumes that strongly interacting particles (hadrons) are made of quarks and that gluons bind the quarks together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluid mechanics", + "hydraulics" + ], + "it": [ + "idraulica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of the mechanics of fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pneumatics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statics" + ], + "it": [ + "statica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics concerned with forces in equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrostatics" + ], + "it": [ + "idrostatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of the mechanical properties of fluids that are not in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamics", + "kinetics" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics concerned with the forces that cause motions of bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinematics" + ], + "it": [ + "cinematica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics concerned with motion without reference to force or mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrodynamics", + "hydrokinetics" + ], + "it": [ + "idrodinamica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of fluids in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetohydrodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the interaction of magnetic fields and electrically conducting fluids (as plasma or molten metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistics" + ], + "it": [ + "balistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of flight dynamics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeromechanics", + "aerodynamics" + ], + "it": [ + "aerodinamica", + "aeromeccanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of gases (especially air) and their effects on bodies in the flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermodynamics" + ], + "it": [ + "termodinamica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physics concerned with the conversion of different forms of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermostatics", + "thermodynamics of equilibrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of thermodynamics concerned with thermal equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron optics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of electronics that deals with beams of electrons and their focusing and deflection by magnetic fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microelectronics" + ], + "it": [ + "microelettronica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of electronics that deals with miniature components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermionics" + ], + "it": [ + "termoionica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of electronics dealing with thermionic phenomena (especially thermionic vacuum tubes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geology" + ], + "it": [ + "geologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypsography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of the earth's configuration above sea level (emphasizing the measurement of land altitudes relative to sea level)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleogeology", + "palaeogeology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of geologic features once at the surface of the earth but now buried beneath rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geophysics", + "geophysical science" + ], + "it": [ + "geofisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geology that uses physical principles to study properties of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphology", + "geomorphology" + ], + "it": [ + "geomorfologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies the characteristics and configuration and evolution of rocks and land forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orology", + "orography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratigraphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies the arrangement and succession of strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tectonics", + "plate tectonics", + "plate tectonic theory" + ], + "it": [ + "tectonica", + "tettonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology studying the folding and faulting of the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorology" + ], + "it": [ + "meteorologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earth science dealing with phenomena of the atmosphere (especially weather)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerology" + ], + "it": [ + "aerologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meteorology of the total extent of the atmosphere; especially the upper layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climatology" + ], + "it": [ + "climatologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meteorology of climates and their phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioclimatology" + ], + "it": [ + "bioclimatologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of effects of climate on living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of meteorology that studies clouds and cloud formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrology" + ], + "it": [ + "idrologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies water on the earth and in the atmosphere: its distribution and uses and conservation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oceanography", + "oceanology" + ], + "it": [ + "oceanografia", + "talassografia", + "talassologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of science dealing with physical and biological aspects of the oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrography" + ], + "it": [ + "idrografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of the measurement and description and mapping of the surface waters of the earth with special reference to navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limnology" + ], + "it": [ + "limnologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of bodies of fresh water for their biological and physical and geological properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seismology" + ], + "it": [ + "sismica", + "sismologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies earthquakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanology", + "vulcanology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies volcanoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetism", + "magnetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of science that studies magnetism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geodesy" + ], + "it": [ + "geodesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies the shape of the earth and the determination of the exact position of geographical points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineralogy" + ], + "it": [ + "mineralogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies minerals: their structure and properties and the ways of distinguishing them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrology", + "lithology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that studies rocks: their origin and formation and mineral composition and classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speleology", + "spelaeology" + ], + "it": [ + "speleologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petroleum geology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of economic geology that deals with the occurrence and exploitation of oil and gas fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic geology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geology that deals with economically valuable geological materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mining geology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of economic geology that deals with the applications of geology to mining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geography", + "geographics" + ], + "it": [ + "geografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical geography", + "physiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of physical features of the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topography" + ], + "it": [ + "topografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precise detailed study of the surface features of a region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "topographic study of a given place (especially the history of the place as indicated by its topography)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic geography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geography concerned with the production and distribution of commodities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science that maps the general features of the universe; describes both heaven and earth (but without encroaching on geography or astronomy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architectonics", + "tectonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape architecture" + ], + "it": [ + "architettura del paesaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of architecture dealing with the arrangement of land and buildings for human use and enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urban planning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of architecture dealing with the design and organization of urban space and activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior design" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of architecture dealing with the selection and organization of furnishings for an architectural interior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineering", + "engineering science", + "applied science", + "technology" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria", + "tecnologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallurgy" + ], + "it": [ + "metallurgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science and technology of metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder metallurgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metallurgy of powdered metals; how to produce solid metal objects from powdered metal by compaction and sintering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeronautical engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "aerotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering science concerned with the design and construction of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bionics" + ], + "it": [ + "bionica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application of biological principles to the study and design of engineering systems (especially electronic systems)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biotechnology", + "bioengineering", + "ergonomics" + ], + "it": [ + "ergonomia", + "human engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering science in which biological science is used to study the relation between workers and their environments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biotechnology", + "biotech" + ], + "it": [ + "biotecnologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of molecular biology that studies the use of microorganisms to perform specific industrial processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioremediation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of biotechnology that uses biological process to overcome environmental problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic engineering", + "gene-splicing", + "recombinant DNA technology" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria genetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the technology of preparing recombinant DNA in vitro by cutting up DNA molecules and splicing together fragments from more than one organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria chimica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that is concerned with the design and construction and operation of the plants and machinery used in industrial chemical processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering concerned with the design and construction of such public works as dams or bridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydraulic engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of civil engineering dealing with the use and control of water in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical engineering", + "EE" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrotecnica", + "galvanotecnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering science that studies the uses of electricity and the equipment for power generation and distribution and the control of machines and communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecommunication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) the branch of electrical engineering concerned with the technology of electronic communication at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer science", + "computing" + ], + "it": [ + "informatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) a discrete item that provides a description of virtually anything known to a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of operations performed by a computer that underlies the machine's representation of logical operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial intelligence", + "AI" + ], + "it": [ + "intelligenza artificiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of computer science that deal with writing computer programs that can solve problems creatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine translation", + "MT" + ], + "it": [ + "traduzione automatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of computers to translate from one language to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robotics" + ], + "it": [ + "robotica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of AI concerned with the practical use of robots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animatronics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the construction of robots to look like animals (developed for Disneyland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telerobotics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of robotics that is concerned with the control of robots from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architectural engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the construction of buildings (as distinguished from architecture as a design art)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial engineering", + "industrial management" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the creation and management of systems that integrate people and materials and energy in productive ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information technology", + "IT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the use of computers and telecommunications to retrieve and store and transmit information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical engineering" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegneria meccanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the design and construction and operation of machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanotechnology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with things smaller than 100 nanometers (especially with the manipulation of individual molecules)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the interaction of surfaces in relative motion (as in bearings or gears): their design and friction and wear and lubrication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering concerned with the design and construction and operation of nuclear reactors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering that deals with the design and construction and operation of ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocketry" + ], + "it": [ + "missilistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of engineering science that studies rocket design and operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutrition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of food and drink (especially in humans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futurology", + "futuristics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study or prediction of future developments on the basis of existing conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychology", + "psychological science" + ], + "it": [ + "psicologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of mental life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnormal psychology", + "psychopathology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology concerned with abnormal behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associationism", + "association theory" + ], + "it": [ + "associazionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a theory that association is the basic principle of mental activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a theory that reduces all mental phenomena to simple elements (sensations and feelings) that form complex ideas by association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applied psychology", + "industrial psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several branches of psychology that seek to apply psychological principles to practical problems of education or industry or marketing etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive psychology" + ], + "it": [ + "cognitivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative psychology", + "animal psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology concerned with the behavior of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developmental psychology", + "genetic psychology", + "child psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology that studies the social and mental development of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology that studies measurable differences between individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimental psychology", + "psychonomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology that uses experimental methods to study psychological issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychophysics" + ], + "it": [ + "psicofisica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology concerned with quantitative relations between physical stimuli and their psychological effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behaviorism", + "behaviourism", + "behavioristic psychology", + "behaviouristic psychology" + ], + "it": [ + "behaviourismo", + "comportamentismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approach to psychology that emphasizes observable measurable behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functionalism" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychology based on the assumption that all mental process are useful to an organism in adapting to the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of cognitive psychology that studies memory processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "problem solving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of cognitive psychology that studies the processes involved in solving problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psycholinguistics" + ], + "it": [ + "psicolinguistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of cognitive psychology that studies the psychological basis of linguistic competence and performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiological psychology", + "neuropsychology", + "psychophysiology" + ], + "it": [ + "neuropsicologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology that is concerned with the physiological bases of psychological processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychometry", + "psychometrics", + "psychometrika" + ], + "it": [ + "psicometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any branch of psychology concerned with psychological measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of reflex action as it relates to the behavior of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gestalt psychology", + "configurationism" + ], + "it": [ + "configurazionismo", + "gestaltismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a theory of psychology that emphasizes the importance of configurational properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of psychology that studies persons and their relationships with others and with groups and with society as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychodynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of social psychology that deals with the processes and emotions that determine psychology and motivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group dynamics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of social psychology that studies the psychodynamics of interaction in social groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information science", + "informatics", + "information processing", + "IP" + ], + "it": [ + "informatica", + "scienza dell'informazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sciences concerned with gathering, manipulating, storing, retrieving, and classifying recorded information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural language processing", + "NLP", + "human language technology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of information science that deals with natural language information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybernetics" + ], + "it": [ + "cibernetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the field of science concerned with processes of communication and control (especially the comparison of these processes in biological and artificial systems)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the field of science concerned with cognition; includes parts of cognitive psychology and linguistics and computer science and cognitive neuroscience and philosophy of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social science" + ], + "it": [ + "scienze sociali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of science that studies society and the relationships of individual within a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social science of municipal affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropology" + ], + "it": [ + "antropologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social science that studies the origins and social relationships of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archeology", + "archaeology" + ], + "it": [ + "archeologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric people and their cultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assyriology" + ], + "it": [ + "assiriologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archeology of the ancient Assyrians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptology" + ], + "it": [ + "egittologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archeology of ancient Egyptian artifacts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumerology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the archeology of ancient Sumerians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micropaleontology" + ], + "it": [ + "micropaleontologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paleontology of microfossils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine archeology", + "marine archaeology", + "underwater archeology", + "underwater archaeology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the archeology of underwater sites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleoclimatology", + "palaeoclimatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the climate of past ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleogeography", + "palaeogeography" + ], + "it": [ + "paleogeografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the geography of ancient times or ancient epochs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of ancient forms of writing (and the deciphering of them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleopathology", + "palaeopathology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of disease of former times (as inferred from fossil evidence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paletiology", + "palaetiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the explanation of past events in terms of scientific causes (as geological causes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigraphy" + ], + "it": [ + "epigrafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of ancient inscriptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleology", + "palaeology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of (especially prehistoric) antiquities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protohistory", + "protoanthropology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study humans prior to the invention of writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protoarcheology", + "protoarchaeology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of prehistoric human artifacts and human fossils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnography", + "descriptive anthropology" + ], + "it": [ + "etnografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anthropology that provides scientific description of individual human societies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleoethnography", + "palaeoethnography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ethnography of paleolithic humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnology" + ], + "it": [ + "etnologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anthropology that deals with the division of humankind into races and with their origins and distribution and distinctive characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical anthropology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anthropology dealing with the genesis and variation of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craniometry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of physical anthropology dealing with the study and measurement of dry skulls after removal of its soft parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social anthropology", + "cultural anthropology" + ], + "it": [ + "antropologia culturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of anthropology that deals with human culture and society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of a society by analyzing its garbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of myths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritualism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of religious or magical rites and ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politics", + "political science", + "government" + ], + "it": [ + "scienze politiche", + "politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of government of states and other political units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geopolitics" + ], + "it": [ + "geopolitica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geostrategy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of geopolitics dealing with strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realpolitik", + "practical politics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "politics based on practical rather than moral or ideological considerations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politics", + "political sympathies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opinion you hold with respect to political questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home economics", + "home ec", + "domestic science", + "household arts" + ], + "it": [ + "economia domestica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theory and practice of homemaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economics", + "economic science", + "political economy" + ], + "it": [ + "economia", + "economia politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of social science that deals with the production and distribution and consumption of goods and services and their management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game theory", + "theory of games" + ], + "it": [ + "teoria dei giochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) a theory of competition stated in terms of gains and losses among opposing players" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplina matematica che studia le strategie adottate da individui per ottimizzare i propri risultati in situazioni di conflitto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "econometrics" + ], + "it": [ + "econometria", + "econometrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the application of mathematics and statistics to the study of economic and financial data" + ], + "it": [ + "L'applicazione di tecniche matematiche e statistiche per provare e sviluppare ipotesi nel campo dell'economia teorica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macroeconomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of economics that studies the overall working of a national economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microeconomics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of economics that studies the economy of consumers or households or individual firms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply-side economics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the school of economic theory that stresses the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economy; advocates policies that raise capital and labor output by increasing the incentive to produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proxemics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of spatial distances between individuals in different cultures and situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociology" + ], + "it": [ + "sociologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study and classification of human societies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminology" + ], + "it": [ + "criminologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of crime and criminal behavior and law enforcement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demography", + "human ecology" + ], + "it": [ + "demografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of sociology that studies the characteristics of human populations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psephology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of sociology that studies election trends (as by opinion polls)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penology", + "poenology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of criminology concerned with prison management and prisoner rehabilitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociometry" + ], + "it": [ + "sociometria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantitative study of social relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science or art of strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systematics" + ], + "it": [ + "sistematica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of systematic classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosystematics", + "biosystematy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of data (e.g. cytogenetic or biochemical) to assess taxonomic relations especially within an evolutionary framework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxonomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) study of the general principles of scientific classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cladistics", + "cladistic analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of biological taxonomy based on the quantitative analysis of comparative data and used to reconstruct cladograms summarizing the (assumed) phylogenetic relations and evolutionary history of groups of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thanatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of science that studies death (especially its social and psychological aspects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanistic discipline", + "humanities", + "liberal arts", + "arts" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplina umanistica", + "lettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)" + ], + "it": [ + "gli studi umanistici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoclassicism" + ], + "it": [ + "neoclassicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revival of a classical style (in art or literature or architecture or music) but from a new perspective or with a new motivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classicism", + "classicalism" + ], + "it": [ + "classicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in literature and art during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe that favored rationality and restraint and strict forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanticism", + "Romantic Movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in literature and art during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that celebrated nature rather than civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline that studies the English language and literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history" + ], + "it": [ + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline that records and interprets past events involving human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theory that social and cultural events are determined by history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic discipline that studies the development of painting and sculpture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of art history that studies visual images and their symbolic meaning (especially in social or political terms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronology" + ], + "it": [ + "cronologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the determination of the actual temporal sequence of past events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glottochronology" + ], + "it": [ + "glottocronologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the determination of how long ago different languages evolved from a common source language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history" + ], + "it": [ + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all that is remembered of the past as preserved in writing; a body of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine arts", + "beaux arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study and creation of visual works of art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performing arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arts or skills that require public performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occidentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scholarly knowledge of western cultures and languages and people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orientalism", + "Oriental Studies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scholarly knowledge of Asian cultures and languages and people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "filosofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethics", + "moral philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "etica", + "filosofia morale", + "morale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical study of moral values and rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioethics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of ethics that studies moral values in the biomedical sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroethics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of ethical implications of treatments for neurological diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casuistry" + ], + "it": [ + "casistica", + "casuistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moral philosophy based on the application of general ethical principles to resolve moral dilemmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casuistry" + ], + "it": [ + "sofisma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argumentation that is specious or excessively subtle and intended to be misleading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eudemonism", + "endaemonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethical system that evaluates actions by reference to personal well-being through a life based on reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethical system that evaluates the pursuit of pleasure as the highest good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probabilism" + ], + "it": [ + "probabilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic system of casuistry that when expert opinions differ an actor can follow any solidly probable opinion that he wishes even though some different opinion might be more probable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiology", + "aetiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical study of causation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aesthetics", + "esthetics" + ], + "it": [ + "estetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the evaluative criteria that are applied to art)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of values and value judgments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jurisprudence", + "law", + "legal philosophy" + ], + "it": [ + "giurisprudenza", + "diritto", + "legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do" + ], + "it": [ + "scienza che ha per oggetto di studio il complesso di norme legislative che regolano i rapporti sociali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that branch of jurisprudence that studies the rights and obligations of parties entering into contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporation law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that branch of jurisprudence that studies the laws governing corporations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrimonial law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that branch of jurisprudence that studies the laws governing matrimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that branch of jurisprudence that studies the laws governing patents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphysics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical study of being and knowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ontology" + ], + "it": [ + "ontologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metaphysical study of the nature of being and existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ontology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a rigorous and exhaustive organization of some knowledge domain that is usually hierarchical and contains all the relevant entities and their relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmology" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the metaphysical study of the origin and nature of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectics" + ], + "it": [ + "dialettica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rationale for dialectical materialism based on change through the conflict of opposing forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectic" + ], + "it": [ + "dialettica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any formal system of reasoning that arrives at the truth by the exchange of logical arguments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic" + ], + "it": [ + "logica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolic logic", + "mathematical logic", + "formal logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any logical system that abstracts the form of statements away from their content in order to establish abstract criteria of consistency and validity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boolean logic", + "Boolean algebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of symbolic logic devised by George Boole; used in computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propositional logic", + "propositional calculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of symbolic logic dealing with propositions as units and with their combinations and the connectives that relate them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicate calculus", + "functional calculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of symbolic logic that represents individuals and predicates and quantification over individuals (as well as the relations between propositions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limitation imposed on the variables of a proposition (as by the quantifiers `some' or `all' or `no')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modal logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of logic whose formal properties resemble certain moral and epistemological concepts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alethic logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modal logic of necessity and possibility and contingency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deontic logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modal logic of obligation and permissibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epistemic logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modal logic of knowledge and uncertainty and ignorance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxastic logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modal logic of belief and disbelief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuzzy logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of mathematical logic in which truth can assume a continuum of values between 0 and 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modal logic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the logical study of necessity and possibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epistemology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the philosophical theory of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "methodology", + "methodological analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of philosophy that analyzes the principles and procedures of inquiry in a particular discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenomenology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophical doctrine", + "philosophical theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structuralism", + "structural sociology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sociological theory based on the premise that society comes before individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structuralism", + "structural anthropology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropological theory that there are unobservable social structures that generate observable social phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computational linguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of computers for linguistic research and applications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialect geography", + "linguistic geography" + ], + "it": [ + "geolinguistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the geographical distribution of linguistic features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymology" + ], + "it": [ + "etimologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the sources and development of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historical linguistics", + "diachronic linguistics", + "diachrony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of linguistic change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the humanistic study of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literature", + "lit" + ], + "it": [ + "letteratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the humanistic study of a body of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative literature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of literary works from different cultures (often in translation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary criticism", + "lit crit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the informed analysis and evaluation of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of poetic works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosody", + "metrics" + ], + "it": [ + "prosodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of poetic meter and the art of versification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhetoric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study of the technique and rules for using language effectively (especially in public speaking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library science" + ], + "it": [ + "biblioteconomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the principles and practices of library administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistics", + "philology" + ], + "it": [ + "filologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the humanistic study of language and literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of philology that is devoted to the study of dialects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musicology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scholarly and scientific study of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of Chinese history and language and culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemmatology", + "stemmatics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the humanistic discipline that attempts to reconstruct the transmission of a text (especially a text in manuscript form) on the basis of relations between the various surviving manuscripts (sometimes using cladistic analysis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trivium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) an introductory curriculum at a medieval university involving grammar and logic and rhetoric; considered to be a triple way to eloquence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrivium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a higher division of the curriculum in a medieval university involving arithmetic and music and geometry and astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptanalysis", + "cryptanalytics", + "cryptography", + "cryptology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the science of analyzing and deciphering codes and ciphers and cryptograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistics" + ], + "it": [ + "glottologia", + "linguistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammar" + ], + "it": [ + "grammatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptive grammar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammar that is produced by descriptive linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescriptive grammar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammar that is produced by prescriptive linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax", + "sentence structure", + "phrase structure" + ], + "it": [ + "sintassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "studies of the rules for forming admissible sentences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generative grammar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a type of grammar that describes syntax in terms of a set of logical rules that can generate all and only the infinite number of grammatical sentences in a language and assigns them all the correct structural description" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoepy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term formerly used for the part of phonology that dealt with the `correct' pronunciation of words and its relation to `correct' orthography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i68999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonetics" + ], + "it": [ + "fonetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of acoustics concerned with speech processes including its production and perception and acoustic analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonology", + "phonemics" + ], + "it": [ + "fonematica", + "fonemica", + "fonologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the sound system of a given language and the analysis and classification of its phonemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphology", + "sound structure", + "syllable structure", + "word structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the admissible arrangement of sounds in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affixation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of adding an affix to a root word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphology" + ], + "it": [ + "morfologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "studies of the rules for forming admissible words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflectional morphology", + "accidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of grammar that deals with the inflections of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivational morphology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of grammar that deals with the derivations of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound morphology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of grammar that deals with combinations of simple words into compound words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphophonemics" + ], + "it": [ + "morfofonematica", + "morfofonologia", + "morfonematica", + "morfonologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the phonological realization of the allomorphs of the morphemes of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicology" + ], + "it": [ + "lessicologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of linguistics that studies the lexical component of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomastics" + ], + "it": [ + "onomastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of lexicology that studies the forms and origins of proper names" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toponymy", + "toponomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of lexicology that studies the place names of a region or a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurolinguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of linguistics that studies the relation between language and the structure and function of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pragmatics" + ], + "it": [ + "pragmatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of language use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicostatistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical technique used in glottochronology; used to estimate how long ago different languages evolved from a common source language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantics" + ], + "it": [ + "semantica", + "semasiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of language meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deixis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the function of pointing or specifying from the perspective of a participant in an act of speech or writing; aspects of a communication whose interpretation depends on knowledge of the context in which the communication occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formal semantics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of semantics that studies the logical aspects of meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexical semantics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of semantics that studies the meanings and relations of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive semantics", + "conceptual semantics", + "semasiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of semantics that studies the cognitive aspects of meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law describing sound changes in the history of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grimm's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound law relating German consonants and consonants in other Indo-European languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verner's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a qualification of Grimm's law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociolinguistics" + ], + "it": [ + "sociolinguistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of language in relation to its sociocultural context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structuralism", + "structural linguistics" + ], + "it": [ + "strutturalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linguistics defined as the analysis of formal structures in a text or discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronic linguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of a language without reference to its historical context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptive linguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a description (at a given point in time) of a language with respect to its phonology and morphology and syntax and semantics without value judgments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescriptive linguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account of how a language should be used instead of how it is actually used; a prescription for the `correct' phonology and morphology and syntax and semantics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theology", + "divinity" + ], + "it": [ + "teologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that is concerned with angels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apologetics" + ], + "it": [ + "apologetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that is concerned with the defense of Christian doctrines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology concerned with the nature and the constitution and the functions of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eschatology" + ], + "it": [ + "escatologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that is concerned with such final things as death and Last Judgment; Heaven and Hell; the ultimate destiny of humankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermeneutics" + ], + "it": [ + "ermeneutica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that deals with principles of exegesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homiletics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that deals with sermons and homilies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liturgics", + "liturgiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of liturgies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theodicy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology that defends God's goodness and justice in the face of the existence of evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theology", + "theological system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular system or school of religious beliefs and teachings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian theology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the teachings of Christian churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of theology concerned with the person and attributes and deeds of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberation theology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of Christian theology (developed by South American Roman Catholics) that emphasizes social and political liberation as the anticipation of ultimate salvation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural theology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theology that holds that knowledge of God can be acquired by human reason without the aid of divine revelation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jesuitism", + "Jesuitry" + ], + "it": [ + "gesuitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theology or the practices of the Jesuits (often considered to be casuistic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patristics", + "patrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the lives, writings, and doctrines of the Church Fathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polemics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of Christian theology devoted to the refutation of errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "states' rights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching", + "precept", + "commandment" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnamento", + "precetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine that is taught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitzvah", + "mitsvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a precept or commandment of the Jewish law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theological doctrine" + ], + "it": [ + "dottrina teologica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of a religious group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious doctrine or theory based on Jesus or Jesus' teachings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antinomianism" + ], + "it": [ + "antinomismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that by faith and God's grace a Christian is freed from all laws (including the moral standards of the culture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomism" + ], + "it": [ + "tomismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the comprehensive theological doctrine created by Saint Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century and still taught by the Dominicans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utilitarianism" + ], + "it": [ + "utilitarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arianism" + ], + "it": [ + "antitrinitarismo", + "arianesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heretical doctrine taught by Arius that asserted the radical primacy of the Father over the Son" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athanasianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine taught by Athanasius that Christ the Son is of the same substance as God the Father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boehmenism", + "Behmenism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mystical theological doctrine of Jakob Boehme that influenced the Quakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consubstantiation" + ], + "it": [ + "consustanziazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine of the High Anglican Church that after the consecration of the Eucharist the substance of the body and blood of Christ coexists with the substance of the consecrated bread and wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Episcopalianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine of church government by bishops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erastianism", + "Byzantinism", + "Caesaropapism" + ], + "it": [ + "cesaropapismo", + "erastianismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinayanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious doctrine of Hinayana Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jansenism" + ], + "it": [ + "giansenismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman Catholic doctrine of Cornelis Jansen and his disciples; salvation is limited to those who are subject to supernatural determinism and the rest are assigned to perdition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahayanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious doctrine of Mahayana Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marcionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Christian heresy of the 2nd and 3rd centuries that rejected the Old Testament and denied the incarnation of God in Jesus as a human" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millenarianism", + "millenarism", + "millenniumism", + "chiliasm" + ], + "it": [ + "chiliasmo", + "millenarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the Christian doctrine of the millennium mentioned in the Book of Revelations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monophysitism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian heresy of the 5th and 6th centuries that challenged the orthodox definition of the two natures (human and divine) in Jesus and instead believed there was a single divine nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monothelitism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that Christ had only one will even though he had two natures (human and divine); condemned as heretical in the Third Council of Constantinople" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestorianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine (named after Nestorius) that Christ is both the son of God and the man Jesus (which is opposed to Roman Catholic doctrine that Christ is fully God)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelagianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine put forward by Pelagius which denied original sin and affirmed the ability of humans to be righteous; condemned as heresy by the Council of Ephesus in 431" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quakerism" + ], + "it": [ + "quaccherismo", + "quacquerismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine of the Society of Friends characterized by opposition to war and rejection of ritual and a formal creed and an ordained ministry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "razionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hindu or Buddhist doctrine that a person may be reborn successively into one of five classes of living beings (god or human or animal or hungry ghost or denizen of Hell) depending on the person's own actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosicrucianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that venerates the rose and the cross as symbols of Christ's Resurrection and redemption; claims various occult powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soteriology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of Christian theology that deals with salvation as the effect of a divine agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synergism" + ], + "it": [ + "sinergismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that salvation results from the interaction of human will and divine grace" + ], + "it": [ + "la dottrina della cooperazione fra Dio e l'uomo nella salvezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total depravity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Calvinist doctrine that everyone is born in a state of corruption as a result of original sin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcendentalism", + "transcendental philosophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transubstantiation" + ], + "it": [ + "transubstanziazione", + "transustanziazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman Catholic doctrine that the whole substance of the bread and the wine changes into the substance of the body and blood of Christ when consecrated in the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universalism" + ], + "it": [ + "universalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that all people will eventually be saved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertebrate paleontology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the paleontology of vertebrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgin Birth", + "Nativity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological doctrine that Jesus Christ had no human father; Christians believe that Jesus's birth fulfilled Old Testament prophecies and was attended by miracles; the Nativity is celebrated at Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attitude", + "mental attitude" + ], + "it": [ + "atteggiamento", + "attitudine", + "posizione", + "punto di vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credence", + "acceptance" + ], + "it": [ + "accettazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mental attitude that something is believable and should be accepted as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submissive mental attitude resulting from acceptance of the doctrine that everything that happens is predetermined and inevitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acceptance (as of a claim) as true and valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyberculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the culture that emerges from the use of computers for communication and entertainment and business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalashnikov culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attitudes and behavior in a social group that resolves political disputes by force of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mosaic culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly diverse culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defensive", + "defensive attitude" + ], + "it": [ + "difensiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude of defensiveness (especially in the phrase `on the defensive')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a no-nonsense attitude in business or politics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude of arrogant superiority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southernism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude characteristic of Southerners (especially in the US)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentality", + "outlook", + "mindset", + "mind-set" + ], + "it": [ + "mentalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paternalism" + ], + "it": [ + "paternalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attitude (of a person or a government) that subordinates should be controlled in a fatherly way for their own good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "stance", + "posture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rationalized mental attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm and uncompromising stance or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclination", + "disposition", + "tendency" + ], + "it": [ + "tendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direction" + ], + "it": [ + "direzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general course along which something has a tendency to develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settled or prevailing or habitual course of a person's life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift", + "trend", + "movement" + ], + "it": [ + "andamento", + "corrente", + "indirizzo", + "tendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general tendency to change (as of opinion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evolutionary trend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general direction of evolutionary change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoteny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evolutionary trend to be born earlier so that development is cut off at an earlier stage and juvenile characteristics are retained in adults of the species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figurative movement toward some attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special disposition (as if from a divine source) to pursue a particular course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denominationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency, in Protestantism, to separate into religious denominations or to advocate such separations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devices" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase `left to your own devices'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathy", + "understanding" + ], + "it": [ + "comprensione", + "convenzione", + "solidarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favoritism", + "favouritism" + ], + "it": [ + "clientelismo", + "favoritismo", + "partigianeria", + "parzialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to favor some person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proclivity", + "propensity", + "leaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural inclination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bent", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disposition to interpret statements in their literal sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perseveration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency for a memory or idea to persist or recur without any apparent stimulus for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predisposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination beforehand to interpret statements in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predilection", + "preference", + "orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predisposition in favor of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to approve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disfavor", + "disfavour", + "dislike", + "disapproval" + ], + "it": [ + "deplorazione", + "disapprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doghouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idiomatic term for being in disfavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprobation" + ], + "it": [ + "riprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partiality", + "partisanship" + ], + "it": [ + "particolarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropocentrism", + "anthropocentricity" + ], + "it": [ + "antropocentrismo", + "antropologismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to evaluate reality exclusively in terms of human values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnocentrism" + ], + "it": [ + "etnocentrismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurocentrism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the preeminence of Europe and the Europeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bias", + "prejudice", + "preconception" + ], + "it": [ + "prevenzione", + "preconcetto", + "pregiudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight but noticeable partiality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sectionalism", + "provincialism", + "localism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partiality for some particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfairness" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiustizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partiality that is not fair or equitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impartiality", + "nonpartisanship" + ], + "it": [ + "equanimità", + "equità", + "imparzialità", + "obbiettività", + "obiettività", + "spassionatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinterestedness" + ], + "it": [ + "disinteresse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from bias or from selfish motives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairness", + "fair-mindedness", + "candor", + "candour" + ], + "it": [ + "imparzialità", + "neutralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimenter bias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) bias introduced by an experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants in the experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prejudice against (fear or dislike of) homosexual people and homosexuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prejudice against Muslims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-Semitism", + "antisemitism" + ], + "it": [ + "antisemitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intense dislike for and prejudice against Jewish people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white supremacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prejudice that members of the white race are superior to members of other races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendentiousness" + ], + "it": [ + "faziosità", + "settarismo", + "tendenziosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intentional and controversial bias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "willingness to recognize and respect the beliefs or practices of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad-mindedness" + ], + "it": [ + "larghezza di vedute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to tolerate or overlook opposing or shocking opinions or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberality", + "liberalness" + ], + "it": [ + "larghezza", + "liberalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to favor progress and individual freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinterest", + "neutrality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tolerance attributable to a lack of involvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intolerance" + ], + "it": [ + "intolleranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwillingness to recognize and respect differences in opinions or beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow-mindedness", + "narrowness" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusura mentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to criticize opposing opinions or shocking behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parochialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limitation of views or interests like that defined by a local parish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pettiness" + ], + "it": [ + "grettezza", + "meschinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrowness of mind or ideas or views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provincialism" + ], + "it": [ + "provincialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of sophistication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sectarianism", + "denominationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow-minded adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigotry", + "dogmatism" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchettonaggine", + "bacchettoneria", + "beghinaggio", + "bigotteria", + "bigottismo", + "santocchieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intolerance and prejudice of a bigot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanaticism", + "fanatism", + "zealotry" + ], + "it": [ + "fanatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive intolerance of opposing views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated religious zealotry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero tolerance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme intolerance of antisocial behavior (usually by an uncompromising application of the law)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respect", + "esteem", + "regard" + ], + "it": [ + "rispetto", + "stima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude of admiration or esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimate", + "estimation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the respect with which a person is held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reputation", + "report" + ], + "it": [ + "fama", + "reputazione", + "riputazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general estimation that the public has for a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrespect" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mancanza di rispetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disrespectful mental attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverence" + ], + "it": [ + "reverenza", + "riverenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reverent mental attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreverence" + ], + "it": [ + "irriverenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irreverent mental attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profaneness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude of irreverence or contempt for a divinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integrated set of attitudes and beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wavelength" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shared orientation leading to mutual understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orientation that favors experimentation and innovation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fresh orientation; a changed set of attitudes and beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "view", + "perspective" + ], + "it": [ + "prospettiva", + "opinione", + "posizione", + "punto di vista", + "visione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of regarding situations or topics etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's eye view", + "panoramic view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation or topic as if viewed from an altitude or distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futurism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position that the meaning of life should be sought in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanguard", + "forefront", + "cutting edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of greatest importance or advancement; the leading position in any movement or field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cityscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viewpoint toward a city or other heavily populated area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive mental viewpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradigm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the generally accepted perspective of a particular discipline at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point of view", + "viewpoint", + "stand", + "standpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "angolazione", + "aspetto", + "ottica", + "prospettiva", + "punto di vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mental position from which things are viewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular perspective or aspect of a situation" + ], + "it": [ + "aspetto o prospettiva particolare di una situzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mental vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slant", + "angle" + ], + "it": [ + "angolatura", + "angolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biased way of looking at or presenting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point of view or general attitude or inclination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weltanschauung", + "world view" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comprehensive view of the world and human life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clockwork universe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the view that the universe resembles a clock built by God and ticking along according to Newtonian mechanics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommittal or equivocal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodoxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief or orientation agreeing with conventional standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformity", + "conformism" + ], + "it": [ + "conformismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orthodoxy in thoughts and belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventionality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conformity with conventional thought and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legalism" + ], + "it": [ + "legalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strict conformity to the letter of the law rather than its spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unorthodoxy", + "heterodoxy", + "heresy" + ], + "it": [ + "eresia", + "eterodossia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any opinions or doctrines at variance with the official or orthodox position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformity", + "nonconformism", + "nonconformance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of orthodoxy in thoughts or beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political orientation", + "ideology", + "political theory" + ], + "it": [ + "ideologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolutism", + "totalitarianism", + "totalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle of complete and unrestricted power in government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anarchism" + ], + "it": [ + "anarchismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory favoring the abolition of governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autocracy" + ], + "it": [ + "autocrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory favoring unlimited authority by a single individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machiavellianism" + ], + "it": [ + "machiavellismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political doctrine of Machiavelli: any means (however unscrupulous) can be used by a ruler in order to create and maintain his autocratic government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrism", + "moderatism" + ], + "it": [ + "moderatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political philosophy of avoiding the extremes of left and right by taking a moderate position or course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collectivism" + ], + "it": [ + "collettivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory that the people should own the means of production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communism" + ], + "it": [ + "comunismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castroism" + ], + "it": [ + "castrismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of communism developed in Cuba by Fidel Castro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leninism", + "Marxism-Leninism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political and economic theories of Lenin which provided the guiding doctrine of the Soviet Union; the modification of Marxism by Lenin stressed that imperialism is the highest form of capitalism (which shifts the struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maoism" + ], + "it": [ + "maoismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of communism developed in China by Mao Zedong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marxism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will ultimately be superseded by communism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trotskyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of communism advocated by Leon Trotsky; calls for immediate worldwide revolution by the proletariat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservatism", + "conservativism" + ], + "it": [ + "conservatorismo", + "oscurantismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoconservatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an approach to politics or theology that represents a return to a traditional point of view (in contrast to more liberal or radical schools of thought of the 1960s)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme conservatism in political or social matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregationism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political orientation favoring political or racial segregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalism" + ], + "it": [ + "costituzionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advocacy of a system of government according to constitutional principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democracy" + ], + "it": [ + "democrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social democracy" + ], + "it": [ + "socialdemocrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief in a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism by democratic means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domino theory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political theory that if one nation comes under communist control then neighboring nations will also come under communist control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elitism" + ], + "it": [ + "elitismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attitude that society should be governed by an elite group of individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremism" + ], + "it": [ + "estremismo", + "oltranzismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any political theory favoring immoderate uncompromising policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascism" + ], + "it": [ + "fascismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory advocating an authoritarian hierarchical government (as opposed to democracy or liberalism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federalism" + ], + "it": [ + "federalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the idea of a federal organization of more or less self-governing units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political orientation that advocates imperial interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leftism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideology of the political left; belief in or support of the tenets of the political left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberalism" + ], + "it": [ + "liberalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meritocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief that rulers should be chosen for their superior abilities and not because of their wealth or birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoliberalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political orientation originating in the 1960s; blends liberal political views with an emphasis on economic growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libertarianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideological belief in freedom of thought and speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monarchism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belief in and advocacy of monarchy as a political system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Negritude" + ], + "it": [ + "negritudine", + "negrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideological position that holds Black culture to be independent and valid on its own terms; an affirmation of the African cultural heritage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orleanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political philosophy of the Orleanists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressivism" + ], + "it": [ + "progressivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of those who favor progress toward better conditions in government and society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radicalism" + ], + "it": [ + "radicalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of those who favor revolutionary change in government and society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobinism" + ], + "it": [ + "giacobinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideology of the most radical element of the French Revolution that instituted the Reign of Terror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of reactionaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republicanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rightism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideology of the political right; belief in or support of the tenets of the political right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialism" + ], + "it": [ + "socialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political theory advocating state ownership of industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fabianism" + ], + "it": [ + "fabianesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socialism to be established by gradual reforms within the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guild socialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of socialist theory advocating state ownership of industry but managements by guilds of workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utopian socialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socialism achieved by voluntary sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the belief in government by divine guidance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utopianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political orientation of a Utopian who believes in impossibly idealistic schemes of social perfection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dovishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any political orientation favoring compromise to avoid conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace advocacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any policy that advocates maintaining peaceful international relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawkishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any political orientation favoring aggressive policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militarism" + ], + "it": [ + "militarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warmongering", + "war advocacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of advocating war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious orientation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attitude toward religion or religious practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnosticism" + ], + "it": [ + "agnosticismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious orientation of doubt; a denial of ultimate knowledge of the existence of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Docetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heretical doctrine (associated with the Gnostics) that Jesus had no human body and his sufferings and death on the cross were apparent rather than real" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnosticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person's spiritual element; considered heresy by Christian churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandaeanism", + "Mandeanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gnostic religion originating the 2nd and 3rd centuries that believes John the Baptist was the Messiah and that incorporates Jewish and Christian elements into a framework of dualistic beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atheism", + "godlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "ateismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine or belief that there is no God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine or belief in the existence of a God or gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deism", + "free thought" + ], + "it": [ + "deismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotheism" + ], + "it": [ + "monoteismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in a single God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polytheism" + ], + "it": [ + "politeismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in multiple Gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tritheism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the heretical belief that the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are three separate gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paganism", + "pagan religion", + "heathenism" + ], + "it": [ + "paganesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various religions other than Christianity or Judaism or Islamism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "druidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of religion and philosophy taught by the Druids and their rites and ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrine or belief that God is the universe and its phenomena (taken or conceived of as a whole) or the doctrine that regards the universe as a manifestation of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rare) worship that admits or tolerates all gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo cult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious cult that anticipates a time of joy, serenity, and justice when salvation comes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Brazilian religious cult of African origin; combines voodoo elements with singing and chanting and dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obeah", + "obi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery; practiced in parts of the West Indies and tropical Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rastafarianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious cult based on a belief that Ras Tafari (Haile Selassie) is the Messiah and that Africa (especially Ethiopia) is the Promised Land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christianity", + "Christian religion" + ], + "it": [ + "cristianesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior" + ], + "it": [ + "il sistema delle credenze e pratiche della religione cristiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adventism", + "Second Adventism" + ], + "it": [ + "avventismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any Christian religion that believes the second coming of Christ is imminent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seventh-Day Adventism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Adventism that is strongly Protestant and observes Saturday as the Sabbath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catholicism", + "Catholicity" + ], + "it": [ + "cattolicesimo", + "cattolicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beliefs and practices of a Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-Catholicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious orientation opposed to Catholicism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanism", + "Roman Catholicism", + "papism" + ], + "it": [ + "cattolicesimo", + "cattolicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church based in Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albigensianism", + "Catharism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian movement considered to be a medieval descendant of Manichaeism in southern France in the 12th and 13th centuries; characterized by dualism (asserted the coexistence of two mutually opposed principles, one good and one evil); was exterminated for heresy during the Inquisition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schismatic Christian religion in northern Africa from the 4th to the 7th century; held that only those who led a blameless life belonged in the church or could administer the sacraments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern Catholicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beliefs and practices of any of the eastern Catholic Churches based in Constantinople or Antioch or Alexandria or Moscow or Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protestantism" + ], + "it": [ + "protestantesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological system of any of the churches of western Christendom that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglicanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faith and doctrine and practice of the Anglican Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Catholicism", + "High Anglicanism" + ], + "it": [ + "anglocattolicesimo", + "anglo-cattolicesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctrine and practice within the Church of England emphasizing the Catholic tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tractarianism", + "Puseyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "principles of the founders of the Oxford movement as expounded in pamphlets called `Tracts for the Times'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminianism" + ], + "it": [ + "arminianesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "17th century theology (named after its founder Jacobus Arminius) that opposes the absolute predestinarianism of John Calvin and holds that human free will is compatible with God's sovereignty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvinism" + ], + "it": [ + "calvinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theological system of John Calvin and his followers emphasizing omnipotence of God and salvation by grace alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian Science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious system based on teachings of Mary Baker Eddy emphasizing spiritual healing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutheranism" + ], + "it": [ + "luteranesimo", + "luteranismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teachings of Martin Luther emphasizing the cardinal doctrine of justification by faith alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unitarianism" + ], + "it": [ + "unitarianesimo", + "unitarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian doctrine that stresses individual freedom of belief and rejects the Trinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinitarianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian doctrine stressing belief in the Trinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congregationalism" + ], + "it": [ + "congregazionalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of beliefs and church government of a Protestant denomination in which each member church is self-governing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mennonitism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of beliefs and practices including belief in scriptural authority; plain dress; adult baptism; foot washing; restriction of marriage to members of the group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evangelicalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stresses the importance of personal conversion and faith as the means of salvation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revivalism" + ], + "it": [ + "revivalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attempt to reawaken the evangelical faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamentalism" + ], + "it": [ + "fondamentalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interpretation of every word in the sacred texts as literal truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Methodism" + ], + "it": [ + "metodismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious beliefs and practices of Methodists characterized by concern with social welfare and public morals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wesleyanism", + "Wesleyism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evangelical principles taught by John Wesley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabaptism" + ], + "it": [ + "anabattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant movement in the 16th century that believed in the primacy of the Bible, baptised only believers, not infants, and believed in complete separation of church and state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baptistic doctrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various doctrines closely related to Anabaptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mormonism" + ], + "it": [ + "mormonismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrines and practices of the Mormon Church based on the Book of Mormon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentecostalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principles and practices of Pentecostal religious groups; characterized by religious excitement and talking in tongues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presbyterianism" + ], + "it": [ + "presbiterianesimo", + "presbiterianismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrines and practices of the Presbyterian Church: based in Calvinism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puritanism" + ], + "it": [ + "puritanesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans (most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judaism" + ], + "it": [ + "ebraismo", + "giudaesimo", + "giudaismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthodox Judaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beliefs and practices of a Judaic sect that strictly observes Mosaic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hasidism", + "Hassidism", + "Chasidism", + "Chassidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beliefs and practices of a sect of Orthodox Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chabad", + "Chabad Hasidism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of Hasidism practiced by Lithuanian and Russian Jews under communist rule; the beliefs and practices of the Lubavitch movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conservative Judaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beliefs and practices of Conservative Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reform Judaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beliefs and practices of Reform Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islam", + "Islamism", + "Mohammedanism", + "Muhammadanism", + "Muslimism" + ], + "it": [ + "Islam", + "islam", + "islamismo", + "maomettismo", + "mezza luna", + "mezzaluna", + "mussulmanesimo", + "musulmanesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monotheistic religious system of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahdism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in the appearance of the Mahdi; devotion to a Mahdi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salafism", + "Salafi movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant group of extremist Sunnis who believe themselves the only correct interpreters of the Koran and consider moderate Muslims to be infidels; seek to convert all Muslims and to insure that its own fundamentalist version of Islam will dominate the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shiism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of Islam that regards Ali as the legitimate successor to Mohammed and rejects the first three caliphs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ismailism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of Shiism noted for its esoteric philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wahhabism", + "Wahabism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative and intolerant form of Islam that is practiced in Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinduism", + "Hindooism" + ], + "it": [ + "induismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and based on a caste system; it is characterized by a belief in reincarnation, by a belief in a supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation from earthly evils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahmanism", + "Brahminism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious beliefs of ancient India as prescribed in the sacred Vedas and Brahmanas and Upanishads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darsana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from the Sanskrit word for `to see') one of six orthodox philosophical systems or viewpoints on the nature of reality and the release from bondage to karma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimamsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from the Sanskrit word for `reflection' or `interpretation') one of six orthodox philosophical systems or viewpoints on ritual traditions rooted in the Vedas and the Brahmanas as opposed to Vedanta which relies mostly on the Upanishads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vedanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from the Sanskrit for `end of the Veda') one of six orthodox philosophical systems or viewpoints rooted in the Upanishads as opposed to Mimamsa which relies on the Vedas and Brahmanas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krishnaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worship of Krishna the 8th avatar of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shivaism", + "Sivaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worship of Shiva one of the 3 chief gods of the Hindu pantheon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaktism", + "Saktism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worship of Shakti as the wife of Shiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaishnavism", + "Vaisnavism", + "Vishnuism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worship of Vishnu one of the 3 chief gods of the Hindu pantheon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoga" + ], + "it": [ + "ioga", + "yoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu discipline aimed at training the consciousness for a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility that is achieved through the three paths of actions and knowledge and devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jainism" + ], + "it": [ + "giainismo", + "jainismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism; emphasizes asceticism and immortality and transmigration of the soul; denies existence of a perfect or supreme being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sikhism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buddhism" + ], + "it": [ + "buddhismo", + "buddismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahayana", + "Mahayana Buddhism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing a common search for universal salvation especially through faith alone; the dominant religion of China and Tibet and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theravada", + "Theravada Buddhism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing personal salvation through your own efforts; a conservative form of Buddhism that adheres to Pali scriptures and the non-theistic ideal of self purification to nirvana; the dominant religion of Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand and Laos and Cambodia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinayana", + "Hinayana Buddhism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive name for the early conservative Theravada Buddhism; it died out in India but survived in Sri Lanka and was taken from there to other regions of southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamaism", + "Tibetan Buddhism" + ], + "it": [ + "lamaismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Buddhist doctrine that includes elements from India that are not Buddhist and elements of preexisting shamanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zen", + "Zen Buddhism" + ], + "it": [ + "zen", + "zenismo", + "zenista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Buddhist doctrine that enlightenment can be attained through direct intuitive insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shingon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of Buddhism emphasizing mystical symbolism of mantras and mudras and the Buddha's ideal which is inexpressible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tantra", + "Tantrism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doctrine of enlightenment as the realization of the oneness of one's self and the visible world; combines elements of Hinduism and paganism including magical and mystical elements like mantras and mudras and erotic rites; especially influential in Tibet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yogacara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the main traditions of Mahayana Buddhism; holds that the mind is real but that objects are just ideas or states of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ultimate principle of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoism", + "Hsuan Chiao" + ], + "it": [ + "taoismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular Chinese philosophical system based in teachings of Lao-tzu but characterized by a pantheism of many gods and the practices of alchemy and divination and magic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shinto", + "Shintoism" + ], + "it": [ + "scintoismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manichaeism", + "Manichaeanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion founded by Manes in the third century; a synthesis of Zoroastrian dualism between light and dark and Babylonian folklore and Buddhist ethics and superficial elements of Christianity; spread widely in the Roman Empire but had largely died out by 1000" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mithraism", + "Mithraicism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Persian religion; popular among Romans during first three centuries a.d." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoroastrianism", + "Mazdaism" + ], + "it": [ + "mazdaismo", + "mazdeismo", + "zoroastrismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroaster; set forth in the Zend-Avesta; based on concept of struggle between light (good) and dark (evil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parsiism", + "Parseeism" + ], + "it": [ + "parsismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faith of a Zoroastrian sect in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion founded in Iran in 1863; emphasizes the spiritual unity of all humankind; incorporates Christian and Islamic tenets; many adherents live in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamanism", + "Asian shamanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any animistic religion similar to Asian shamanism (especially as practiced by certain Native American tribes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vedism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of Hinduism that revolves primarily around the mythic version and ritual ideologies in the Vedas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wicca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the polytheistic nature religion of modern witchcraft whose central deity is a mother goddess; claims origins in pre-Christian pagan religions of western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obiism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belief in a kind of sorcery that originated in Africa and is practiced in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voodoo", + "vodoun", + "voodooism", + "hoodooism" + ], + "it": [ + "voduismo", + "vodù", + "vuduismo", + "vudù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious cult practiced chiefly in Caribbean countries (especially Haiti); involves witchcraft and animistic deities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amateurism" + ], + "it": [ + "dilettantismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conviction that people should participate in sports as a hobby (for the fun of it) rather than for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anagoge" + ], + "it": [ + "anagogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mystical or allegorical interpretation (especially of Scripture)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamical system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a phase space together with a transformation of that space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a dynamical system that is extremely sensitive to its initial conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensation" + ], + "it": [ + "condensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) an unconscious process whereby two ideas or images combine into a single symbol; especially in dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level", + "layer", + "stratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another; during psychoanalysis the displacement of feelings toward others (usually the parents) is onto the analyst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countertransference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the psychoanalyst's displacement of emotion onto the patient or more generally the psychoanalyst's emotional involvement in the therapeutic interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or condition that limits freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floodgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that restrains a flood or outpouring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discipline dealing with the principles of warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of methods of escaping (especially as a form of entertainment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of handwriting (especially as an indicator of the writer's character or disposition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the supposed occult influence of numbers on human affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of origins and first things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theogony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of the origins and genealogy of the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of military science dealing with detailed maneuvers to achieve objectives set by strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategy" + ], + "it": [ + "strategia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closure", + "law of closure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gestalt principle of organization holding that there is an innate tendency to perceive incomplete objects as complete and to close or fill gaps and to perceive asymmetric stimuli as symmetric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common fate", + "law of common fate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gestalt principle of organization holding that aspects of perceptual field that move or function in a similar manner will be perceived as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting descriptive linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements have a truth value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good continuation", + "continuation", + "law of continuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gestalt principle of organization holding that there is an innate tendency to perceive a line as continuing its established direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescriptivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting prescriptive linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescriptivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements prescribe appropriate attitudes and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proximity", + "law of proximity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) objects or events that are near to one another (in space or time) are perceived as belonging together as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "similarity", + "law of similarity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) parts of a stimulus field that are similar to each other tend to be perceived as belonging together as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrinkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clever method of doing something (especially something new and different)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrinkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zurvanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heretical Zoroastrian doctrine holding that Zurvan was the ultimate source of the universe and that both Ahura Mazda and Ahriman were Zurvan's offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication by means of transmitted signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communication", + "communicating" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercommunication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual communication; communication with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyance", + "imparting", + "impartation" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transmission of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissemination", + "airing", + "public exposure", + "spreading" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione", + "divulgazione", + "propagazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening of a subject to widespread discussion and debate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagation", + "extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spreading of something (a belief or practice) into new regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione", + "messaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "message that is transmitted by radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cipher", + "cypher" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message written in a secret code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message transmitted by means of the sun's rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intervening substance through which signals can travel as a means for communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ether", + "aether" + ], + "it": [ + "etere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium that was once supposed to fill all space and to support the propagation of electromagnetic waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo", + "veicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium for the expression or achievement of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air", + "airwave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium for radio and television broadcasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium for written communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet", + "piece of paper", + "sheet of paper" + ], + "it": [ + "foglio", + "carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper used for writing or printing" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo di carta di vario formato usato per scrivere o per la stampa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet with several pages printed on it; it folds to page size and is bound with other signatures to form a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf", + "folio" + ], + "it": [ + "foglio", + "pagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of any written or printed material (especially in a manuscript or book)" + ], + "it": [ + "un pezzo di carta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flyleaf" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia", + "risguardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank leaf in the front or back of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interleaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank leaf inserted between the leaves of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page" + ], + "it": [ + "pagina", + "facciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains" + ], + "it": [ + "ognuna delle due facce di un foglio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet that can be easily torn out of a publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that covers an entire page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that covers (the top or bottom) half of a page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recto" + ], + "it": [ + "recto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "right-hand page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verso" + ], + "it": [ + "retro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "left-hand page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title page" + ], + "it": [ + "frontespizio", + "frontispizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a page of a book displaying the title and author and publisher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half title", + "bastard title" + ], + "it": [ + "occhiello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first page of some books displaying only the title of the book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any page in the sports section of a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "spread head", + "spreadhead", + "facing pages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two facing pages of a book or other publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center spread", + "centre spread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spread at the center of a magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centerfold", + "centrefold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magazine center spread; especially a foldout of a large photograph or map or other feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foldout", + "gatefold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oversize page that is folded in to a book or magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pagination", + "folio", + "page number", + "paging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of numbering pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stationery", + "letter paper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paper cut to an appropriate size for writing letters; usually with matching envelopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letterhead" + ], + "it": [ + "intestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of stationery with name and address of the organization printed at the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notepaper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing paper intended for writing short notes or letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Post-It" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brand name for a slip of notepaper that has an adhesive that allows it to stick to a surface and be removed without damaging the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foolscap" + ], + "it": [ + "carta protocollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a size of paper used especially in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet summarizing the editorial conventions to be followed in preparing text for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worksheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet of paper with multiple columns; used by an accountant to assemble figures for financial statements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel", + "transmission channel" + ], + "it": [ + "canale di trasmissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path over which electrical signals can pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel", + "communication channel", + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "canale", + "canale di comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) a means of communication or access" + ], + "it": [ + "via, tramite di comunicazione attraverso cui si ottiene qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of frequencies between two limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency band", + "waveband" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of adjacent radio frequencies (e.g., assigned for transmitting radio or television signals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alternative to the regular channels of communication that is used when agreements must be made secretly (especially in diplomacy or government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(metaphor) a channel through which something can be seen or understood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liaison", + "link", + "contact", + "inter-group communication" + ], + "it": [ + "collegamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel for communication between groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official routes of communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium", + "mass medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) transmissions that are disseminated widely to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multimedia", + "multimedia system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmission that combine media of communication (text and graphics and sound etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypermedia", + "hypermedia system", + "interactive multimedia", + "interactive multimedia system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multimedia system in which related items of information are connected and can be presented together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertext" + ], + "it": [ + "ipertesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "machine-readable text that is not sequential but is organized so that related items of information are connected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film", + "cinema", + "celluloid" + ], + "it": [ + "cinema", + "cinematografia", + "film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium that disseminates moving pictures" + ], + "it": [ + "un mezzo per rappresentare immagini in movimento: \"questa storia sarebbe un buon film\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the film industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press that engages in sensational journalism (especially concerning the private lives of public figures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press not restricted or controlled by government censorship regarding politics or ideology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "public press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the print media responsible for gathering and publishing news in the form of newspapers or magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print media" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium that disseminates printed matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storage medium", + "data-storage medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium for storing information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic storage medium", + "magnetic medium", + "magnetic storage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any storage medium in which different patterns of magnetization are used to represent stored bits or bytes of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast medium", + "broadcasting" + ], + "it": [ + "radiodiffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medium that disseminates via telecommunications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail", + "mail service", + "postal service", + "post" + ], + "it": [ + "posta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system whereby messages are transmitted via the post office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airmail", + "airpost" + ], + "it": [ + "posta aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of conveying mail by aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snail mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mail that is physically delivered by the postal service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rural free delivery", + "RFD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free government delivery of mail in outlying country areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first class", + "1st class", + "first-class mail", + "1st-class mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that includes letters and postcards and packages sealed against inspection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "express mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that is distributed by a rapid and efficient system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poste restante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation written on mail that is to be held at the post office until called for (not in the United States or Canada)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony express" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express mail carried by relays of riders on horseback; especially between Missouri and California around 1860" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcel post" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio pacchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "postal service that handles packages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulk mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail consisting of large numbers of identical items (circulars or advertisements) sent to individual addresses at less than 1st-class rates and paid for in one lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advertising sent directly to prospective customers via the mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journalism", + "news media" + ], + "it": [ + "giornalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newspapers and magazines collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fleet Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British journalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photojournalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "journalism that presents a story primarily through the use of pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news photography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photography of newsworthy events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotogravure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printed material (text and pictures) produced by an intaglio printing process in a rotary press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper", + "paper" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicazione quotidiana o settimanale con articoli di cronaca varia." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daily" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale", + "quotidiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper that is published every day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazette" + ], + "it": [ + "gazzetta", + "gazzettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper or official journal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school newspaper", + "school paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper written and published by students in a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabloid", + "rag", + "sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newspaper with half-size pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow journalism", + "tabloid", + "tab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensationalist journalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication" + ], + "it": [ + "prosa di genere non romanzato parte di in una pubblicazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a page or text that is vertically divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column", + "editorial", + "newspaper column" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo di fondo", + "editoriale", + "fondo", + "rubrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article giving opinions or perspectives" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo gener. di prima pagina, scritto spec. dal direttore, che rispecchia la linea politica e ideologica del giornale stesso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature", + "feature article" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special or prominent article in a newspaper or magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine article" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article published in a magazine" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo pubblicato su un periodico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news article", + "news story", + "newspaper article" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article reporting news" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo di giornale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece" + ], + "it": [ + "brano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic or literary composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morceau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short literary or musical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offprint", + "reprint", + "separate" + ], + "it": [ + "estratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholarly article describing the results of observations or stating hypotheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an article in a newspaper or magazine or journal that represents opinions and ideas and discussion rather than bare facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reissue", + "reprint", + "reprinting" + ], + "it": [ + "ristampa", + "riedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new edition" + ], + "it": [ + "riedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication (such as a book) that has been modified or updated and offered again for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article of faith", + "credendum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) any of the sections into which a creed or other statement of doctrine is divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "lead-in", + "lede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introductory section of a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first line of a piece of writing (as a newspaper story)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "lead story" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a news story of major importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short newspaper article about a particular person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidebar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short news story presenting sidelights on a major story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agony column" + ], + "it": [ + "posta del cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper column devoted to personal problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samizdat", + "underground press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of clandestine printing and distribution of dissident or banned literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecommunication", + "telecom" + ], + "it": [ + "telecomunicazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) systems used in transmitting messages over a distance electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone", + "telephony" + ], + "it": [ + "telefonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmitting speech at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice mail", + "voicemail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computerized system for answering and routing telephone calls; telephone messages can be recorded and stored and relayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "phone call", + "telephone call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamata", + "telefonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call-back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collect call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call that the receiving party is asked to pay for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call forwarding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lets you transfer your incoming calls to any telephone that you can dial direct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call to a radio station or a television station in which the caller participates in the on-going program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call waiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of letting you know that someone else is calling when you are using your telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile telephone call (from a crank)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local call" + ], + "it": [ + "telefonata urbana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call made within a local calling area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long distance", + "long-distance call", + "trunk call" + ], + "it": [ + "interurbana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call made outside the local calling area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long-distance telephone call at charges above a local rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call in which more than two people participate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake-up call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone call that you request be made a specific time in order to wake you up at that time (especially in hotels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-way calling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of adding a third party to your conversation without the assistance of a telephone operator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraphy" + ], + "it": [ + "telegrafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicating at a distance by electric transmission over wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable", + "cablegram", + "overseas telegram" + ], + "it": [ + "cablo", + "cablogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telegram sent abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter telegram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheaper form of telegram that is sent abroad for delivery the next day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wireless" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmission by radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotelegraph", + "radiotelegraphy", + "wireless telegraphy" + ], + "it": [ + "marconigrafia", + "radiofonia", + "radiotelegrafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "telegraphy that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bags of letters and packages that are transported by the postal service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third-class mail", + "third class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail consisting of printed matter qualifying for reduced postal rates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "third-class mail consisting of advertising and often addressed to `resident' or `occupant'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phone message", + "telephone message" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message transmitted by telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiogram" + ], + "it": [ + "marconigramma", + "radiogramma", + "radiotelegramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message transmitted by wireless telegraphy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiotelephone", + "radiotelephony", + "wireless telephone" + ], + "it": [ + "radiotelefonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "telephony that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking part in a radio or tv program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rediffusion" + ], + "it": [ + "filodiffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system for distributing radio or tv programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicates two or more signals over a common channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio", + "radiocommunication", + "wireless" + ], + "it": [ + "radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium for communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television", + "telecasting", + "TV", + "video" + ], + "it": [ + "TV", + "tele", + "televisione", + "tivvù", + "tivù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcasting visual images of stationary or moving objects" + ], + "it": [ + "programma trasmesso alla televisione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "video", + "picture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visible part of a television transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "video" + ], + "it": [ + "video" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the appearance of text and graphics on a video display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audio", + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "audio", + "suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the audible part of a transmitted signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable television", + "cable" + ], + "it": [ + "televisione via cavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "television that is transmitted over cable directly to the receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-definition television", + "HDTV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television system that has more than the usual number of lines per frame so its pictures show more detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication by computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digital communication", + "data communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic transmission of information that has been encoded digitally (as for storage and processing by computers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asynchronous transfer mode", + "ATM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of digital communications that is capable of very high speeds; suitable for transmission of images or voice or video as well as data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic mail", + "e-mail", + "email" + ], + "it": [ + "posta elettronica", + "email", + "e-mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a system of world-wide electronic communication in which a computer user can compose a message at one terminal that can be regenerated at the recipient's terminal when the recipient logs in" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema di comunicazione attraverso reti di computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freemail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service providing free email delivery in exchange for exposure to advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emoticon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of a facial expression (as a smile or frown) created by typing a sequence of characters in sending email" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smiley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emoticon of a smiling face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoking gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indisputable evidence (especially of a crime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spam", + "junk e-mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwanted e-mail (usually of a commercial nature sent out in bulk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messaging", + "electronic messaging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sending and processing of e-mail by computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompt", + "command prompt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a symbol that appears on the computer screen to indicate that the computer is ready to receive a command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiber optics", + "fiberoptics", + "fibre optics", + "fibreoptics" + ], + "it": [ + "fibre ottiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transmission of light signals via glass fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quality or fidelity of a received broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal detection", + "detection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the detection that a signal is being received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulation" + ], + "it": [ + "modulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the transmission of a signal by using it to vary a carrier wave; changing the carrier's amplitude or frequency or phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplitude modulation", + "AM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modulation of the amplitude of the (radio) carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency modulation", + "FM" + ], + "it": [ + "FM", + "modulazione di frequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modulation of the frequency of the (radio) carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase modulation", + "PM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modulation of the phase of the carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse modulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modulation that imposes a signal on a train of pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse-time modulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modulation of the time between successive pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demodulation" + ], + "it": [ + "demodulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) the reception of a signal by extracting it from the carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contagion", + "infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the communication of an attitude or emotional state among a number of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language", + "linguistic communication" + ], + "it": [ + "idioma", + "lingua", + "linguaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo di comunicazione attraverso l'uso di suoni o simboli convenzionali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the customary manner in which a language (or a form of a language) is spoken or written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that is no longer learned as a native language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "words" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language that is spoken or written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source language" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua di partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that is to be translated into another language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object language", + "target language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language into which a text written in another language is to be translated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language unit", + "linguistic unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità linguistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the natural units into which linguistic messages can be analyzed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position in a grammatical linguistic construction in which a variety of alternative units are interchangeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discourse" + ], + "it": [ + "eloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extended verbal expression in speech or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "context", + "linguistic context", + "context of use" + ], + "it": [ + "contesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentence" + ], + "it": [ + "frase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence having no coordinate clauses or subordinate clauses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex sentence in which the main clause comes last and is preceded by the subordinate clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence composed of at least two coordinate independent clauses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentential function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal expression containing variables; becomes a sentence when variables are replaced by constants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word" + ], + "it": [ + "parola", + "termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of language that native speakers can identify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anagram" + ], + "it": [ + "anagramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word (such as a pronoun) used to avoid repetition; the referent of an anaphor is determined by its antecedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antonym", + "opposite word", + "opposite" + ], + "it": [ + "antonimo", + "contrario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back-formation" + ], + "it": [ + "retroformazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word invented (usually unwittingly by subtracting an affix) on the assumption that a familiar word derives from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend", + "portmanteau word", + "portmanteau" + ], + "it": [ + "parola macedonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word acted out in an episode of the game of charades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognate", + "cognate word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word is cognate with another if both derive from the same word in an ancestral language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content word", + "open-class word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word to which an independent meaning can be assigned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word formed from two or more words by omitting or combining some sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deictic", + "deictic word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word specifying identity or spatial or temporal location from the perspective of a speaker or hearer in the context in which the communication occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivative" + ], + "it": [ + "derivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a word that is derived from another word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diminutive" + ], + "it": [ + "diminutivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is formed with a suffix (such as -let or -kin) to indicate smallness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is considered to be unmentionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disyllable", + "dissyllable" + ], + "it": [ + "bisillabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word having two syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "word form", + "signifier", + "descriptor" + ], + "it": [ + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something" + ], + "it": [ + "in grammatica, aspetto che assumono le parole a seconda della loro qualificazione morfologica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-letter word", + "four-letter Anglo-Saxon word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several short English words (often having 4 letters) generally regarded as obscene or offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function word", + "closed-class word" + ], + "it": [ + "parola funzionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is uninflected and serves a grammatical function but has little identifiable meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide word", + "guideword", + "catchword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word printed at the top of the page of a dictionary or other reference book to indicate the first or last item on that page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head", + "head word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headword" + ], + "it": [ + "lemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word placed at the beginning of a line or paragraph (as in a dictionary entry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headword", + "head word" + ], + "it": [ + "esponente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a content word that can be qualified by a modifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heteronym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two words are heteronyms if they are spelled the same way but differ in pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holonym", + "whole name" + ], + "it": [ + "olonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that names the whole of which a given word is a part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homonym" + ], + "it": [ + "omonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two words are homonyms if they are pronounced or spelled the same way but have different meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypernym", + "superordinate", + "superordinate word" + ], + "it": [ + "iperonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is more generic than a given word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyponym", + "subordinate", + "subordinate word" + ], + "it": [ + "iponimo", + "subordinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is more specific than a given word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a significant word used in indexing or cataloging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loanblend", + "loan-blend", + "hybrid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is composed of parts from different languages (e.g., `monolingual' has a Greek prefix and a Latin root)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loanword", + "loan" + ], + "it": [ + "prestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word borrowed from another language; e.g. `blitz' is a German word borrowed into modern English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latinism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase borrowed from Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meronym", + "part name" + ], + "it": [ + "meronimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that names a part of a larger whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metonym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that denotes one thing but refers to a related thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antigram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anagram that means the opposite of the original word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monosyllable", + "monosyllabic word" + ], + "it": [ + "monosillabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or utterance of one syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neologism", + "neology", + "coinage" + ], + "it": [ + "neologismo", + "neoformazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newly invented word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonce word", + "hapax legomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "apax", + "hapax", + "hapax legomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word with a special meaning used for a special occasion" + ], + "it": [ + "parola che occorre una volta sola in un corpus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxytone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "word having stress or an acute accent on the last syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palindrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase that reads the same backward as forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primitive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word serving as the basis for inflected or derived forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primitive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical expression from which another expression is derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plural", + "plural form" + ], + "it": [ + "plurale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of a word that is used to denote more than one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singular", + "singular form" + ], + "it": [ + "singolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of a word that is used to denote a singleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word form that has entered the language through the perpetuation of an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root", + "root word", + "base", + "stem", + "theme", + "radical" + ], + "it": [ + "radice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymon", + "root" + ], + "it": [ + "etimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple form inferred as the common basis from which related words in several languages can be derived by linguistic processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citation form", + "main entry word", + "entry word" + ], + "it": [ + "lemma", + "esponente", + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of a word that heads a lexical entry and is alphabetized in a dictionary" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei vocaboli registrati da un dizionario o da un’enciclopedia, posti a capo di linea e stampati in grassetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexical entry", + "dictionary entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entry in a dictionary of information about a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beatitude" + ], + "it": [ + "beatitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the eight sayings of Jesus at the beginning of the Sermon on the Mount; in Latin each saying begins with `beatus' (blessed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saying of Jesus that is regarded as authentic although it is not recorded in the Gospels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calque", + "calque formation", + "loan translation" + ], + "it": [ + "calco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression introduced into one language by translating it from another language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paroxytone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "word having stress or acute accent on the next to last syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partitive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "word (such a `some' or `less') that is used to indicate a part as distinct from a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysemant", + "polysemantic word", + "polysemous word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word having more than one meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysyllable", + "polysyllabic word" + ], + "it": [ + "plurisillabo", + "polisillabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word of more than three syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proparoxytone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "word having stress or acute accent on the antepenult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) a word that expresses a quantity (as `fifteen' or `many')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantifier", + "logical quantifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a word (such as `some' or `all' or `no') that binds the variables in a logical proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "existential quantifier", + "existential operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts the existence of at least one thing for which the proposition is true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal quantifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts that the proposition is true for all members of a class of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduplication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word formed by or containing a repeated syllable or speech sound (usually at the beginning of the word)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retronym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word introduced because an existing term has become inadequate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substantive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any word or group of words functioning as a noun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synonym", + "equivalent word" + ], + "it": [ + "sinonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term" + ], + "it": [ + "termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or expression used for some particular thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terminology", + "nomenclature", + "language" + ], + "it": [ + "nomenclatura", + "terminologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trisyllable" + ], + "it": [ + "trisillabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word having three syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troponym", + "manner name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that denotes a manner of doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocable", + "spoken word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is spoken aloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllable" + ], + "it": [ + "sillaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last syllable in a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penult", + "penultima", + "penultimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the next to last syllable in a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antepenult", + "antepenultima", + "antepenultimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd syllable of a word counting back from the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jawbreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is hard to pronounce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesquipedalian", + "sesquipedalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very long word (a foot and a half long)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduplication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable added in a reduplicated word form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct antonym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antonyms that are commonly associated (e.g., `wet' and `dry')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect antonym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "antonyms whose opposition is mediated (e.g., the antonymy of `wet' and `parched' is mediated by the similarity of `parched' to `dry')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexeme" + ], + "it": [ + "lessema", + "vocabolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minimal unit (as a word or stem) in the lexicon of a language; `go' and `went' and `gone' and `going' are all members of the English lexeme `go'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morpheme" + ], + "it": [ + "morfema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimal meaningful language unit; it cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimal language unit that has a syntactic (or morphological) function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variant phonological representation of a morpheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free morpheme", + "free form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morpheme that can occur alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bound morpheme", + "bound form" + ], + "it": [ + "desinenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a morpheme that occurs only as part of a larger construction; eg an -s at the end of plural nouns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combining form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bound form used only in compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affix" + ], + "it": [ + "affisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic element added to a word to produce an inflected or derived form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefix" + ], + "it": [ + "prefisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affix that is added in front of the word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or morpheme used in some languages in certain contexts (such as counting) to indicate the semantic class to which the counted item belongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha privative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the negative prefix a- or un-" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ending", + "termination" + ], + "it": [ + "suffisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of a word (a suffix or inflectional ending or final morpheme)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffix", + "postfix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affix that is added at the end of the word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflectional ending", + "inflectional suffix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflection that is added at the end of a root word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affix that is inserted inside the word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammatical category", + "syntactic category" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) a category of words having the same grammatical properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitution class", + "paradigm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of all items that can be substituted into the same position (or slot) in a grammatical sentence (are in paradigmatic relation with one another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject" + ], + "it": [ + "soggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the grammatical constituent about which something is predicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) the first term of a proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) a constituent that is acted upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepositional object", + "object of a preposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object governed by a preposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct object", + "object of the verb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object that receives the direct action of the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the object that is the recipient or beneficiary of the action of the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retained object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object in a passive construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "grammatical case" + ], + "it": [ + "caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominative", + "nominative case", + "subject case" + ], + "it": [ + "nominativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the category of nouns serving as the grammatical subject of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblique", + "oblique case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any grammatical case other than the nominative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accusative", + "accusative case", + "objective case" + ], + "it": [ + "accusativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case of nouns serving as the direct object of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dative", + "dative case" + ], + "it": [ + "dativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the category of nouns serving as the indirect object of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genitive", + "genitive case", + "possessive", + "possessive case" + ], + "it": [ + "genitivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case expressing ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attributive genitive", + "attributive genitive case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word in the genitive case that is used as an attributive adjective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocative", + "vocative case" + ], + "it": [ + "vocativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case (in some inflected languages) used when the referent of the noun is being addressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablative", + "ablative case" + ], + "it": [ + "ablativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case indicating the agent in passive sentences or the instrument or manner or place of the action described by the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablative absolute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constituent in Latin grammar; a noun and its modifier can function as a sentence modifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjunct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a construction that can be used to extend the meaning of a word or phrase but is not one of the main constituents of a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constituent", + "grammatical constituent" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di una parola o di una frase che attraverso l'analisi si può isolare dalle altre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immediate constituent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constituent of a sentence at the first step in an analysis: e.g., subject and predicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntagma", + "syntagm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syntactic string of words that forms a part of some larger syntactic unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction", + "grammatical construction", + "expression" + ], + "it": [ + "costrutto", + "costruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misconstruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ungrammatical constituent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clause" + ], + "it": [ + "frase", + "proposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main clause", + "independent clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in a complex sentence that can stand alone as a complete sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in a complex sentence that is grammatically equivalent to the main clause and that performs the same grammatical function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinate clause", + "dependent clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in a complex sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and that functions within the sentence as a noun or adjective or adverb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause introduced by a relative pronoun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrictive clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate clause that limits or restricts the meaning of the noun phrase it modifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonrestrictive clause", + "descriptive clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate clause that does not limit or restrict the meaning of the noun phrase it modifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement" + ], + "it": [ + "complemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and intricate and complicated grammatical construction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenthetical expression", + "parenthetical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression in parentheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression that predicates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noun phrase", + "nominal phrase", + "nominal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase that can function as the subject or object of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicate", + "verb phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "predicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the predicate contains the verb and its complements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) what is predicated of the subject of a proposition; the second term in a proposition is predicated of the first term by means of the copula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split infinitive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infinitive with an adverb between `to' and the verb (e.g., `to boldly go')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepositional phrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase beginning with a preposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronominal phrase", + "pronominal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase that functions as a pronoun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part of speech", + "form class", + "word class" + ], + "it": [ + "parte del discorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the traditional categories of words intended to reflect their functions in a grammatical context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major form class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the major parts of speech of traditional grammar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the word class that can serve as the subject or object of a verb, the object of a preposition, or in apposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verb" + ], + "it": [ + "verbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun formed from a verb (such as the `-ing' form of an English verb when used as a noun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary verb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb that combines with another verb in a verb phrase to help form tense, mood, voice, or condition of the verb it combines with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modal auxiliary verb", + "modal auxiliary", + "modal verb", + "modal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auxiliary verb (such as `can' or `will') that is used to express modality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infinitive" + ], + "it": [ + "infinito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the uninflected form of the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjective" + ], + "it": [ + "aggettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the word class that qualifies nouns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adverb" + ], + "it": [ + "avverbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the word class that qualifies verbs or clauses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noun" + ], + "it": [ + "nome", + "sostantivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action" + ], + "it": [ + "parte variabile del discorso che serve a denominare entità concrete o astratte, caratterizzata dalle categorie grammaticali di genere e numero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collective noun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that is singular in form but refers to a group of people or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass noun" + ], + "it": [ + "nome di massa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that does not form plurals" + ], + "it": [ + "sostantivo che denota un'entità non scomponibile in elementi enumerabili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count noun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that forms plurals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generic noun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that does not specify either masculine or feminine gender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proper noun", + "proper name" + ], + "it": [ + "nome proprio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that denotes a particular thing; usually capitalized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common noun" + ], + "it": [ + "nome comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that denotes any or all members of a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbal noun", + "deverbal noun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noun that is derived from a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adnoun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjective used as a noun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verb" + ], + "it": [ + "verbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a content word that denotes an action, occurrence, or state of existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modifier", + "qualifier" + ], + "it": [ + "aggettivo qualificativo", + "modificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a content word that qualifies the meaning of a noun or verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensifier", + "intensive" + ], + "it": [ + "rafforzativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modifier that has little meaning except to intensify the meaning it modifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjective" + ], + "it": [ + "aggettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that expresses an attribute of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descriptive adjective", + "qualifying adjective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjective that ascribes to its noun the value of an attribute of that noun (e.g., `a nervous person' or `a musical speaking voice')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relational adjective", + "classifying adjective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adjective that classifies its noun (e.g., `a nervous disease' or `a musical instrument')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pertainym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meaning relating to or pertaining to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive", + "positive degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the primary form of an adjective or adverb; denotes a quality without qualification, comparison, or relation to increase or diminution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative", + "comparative degree" + ], + "it": [ + "comparativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the comparative form of an adjective or adverb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superlative", + "superlative degree" + ], + "it": [ + "superlativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superlative form of an adjective or adverb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adverb" + ], + "it": [ + "avverbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that modifies something other than a noun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangling modifier", + "misplaced modifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., `when young' in `when young, circuses appeal to all of us'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangling participle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participle (usually at the beginning of a sentence) apparently modifying a word other than the word intended: e.g., `flying across the country' in `flying across the country the Rockies came into view'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adverbial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or group of words function as an adverb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determiner", + "determinative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a limited class of noun modifiers that determine the referents of noun phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(grammar) a determiner that may indicate the specificity of reference of a noun phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "(grammaticale) una particella linguistica che può indicare la specificità di un sintagma nominale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definite article" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo determinativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a determiner (as `the' in English) that indicates specificity of reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indefinite article" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo indeterminativo", + "articolo indefinito", + "articolo indeterminato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a determiner (as `a' or `some' in English) that indicates nonspecific reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preposition" + ], + "it": [ + "preposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronoun" + ], + "it": [ + "pronome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphoric pronoun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronoun that refers to an antecedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrative pronoun", + "demonstrative" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronoun that points out an intended referent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunction", + "conjunctive", + "connective", + "continuative" + ], + "it": [ + "copula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uninflected function word that serves to conjoin words or phrases or clauses or sentences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinating conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conjunction (like `and' or `or') that connects two identically constructed grammatical constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinating conjunction", + "subordinate conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conjunction (like `since' or `that' or `who') that introduces a dependent clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particle" + ], + "it": [ + "particella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a function word that can be used in English to form phrasal verbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural)" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria grammaticale che permette di distinguere nomi, pronomi, verbi, aggettivi e articoli a seconda del numero di entità a cui si riferiscono (singolare, duale o plurale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatical category used in the classification of pronouns, possessive determiners, and verb forms according to whether they indicate the speaker, the addressee, or a third party" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria grammaticale descrivente i protagonisti di un atto linguistico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal pronoun" + ], + "it": [ + "pronome personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronoun expressing a distinction of person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal pronoun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronoun or pronominal phrase (as `each other') that expresses a mutual action or relationship between the individuals indicated in the plural subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative pronoun" + ], + "it": [ + "pronome relativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronoun (as `that' or `which' or `who') that introduces a relative clause referring to some antecedent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronouns and verbs used to refer to the speaker or writer of the language in which they occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronouns and verbs used to refer to the person addressed by the language in which they occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third person" + ], + "it": [ + "terza persona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronouns and verbs that are used to refer to something other than the speaker or addressee of the language in which they occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexive pronoun", + "reflexive" + ], + "it": [ + "pronome riflessivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal pronoun compounded with -self to show the agent's action affects the agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflexive verb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb whose agent performs an action that is directed at the agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gender", + "grammatical gender" + ], + "it": [ + "genere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatical category in inflected languages governing the agreement between nouns and pronouns and adjectives; in some languages it is quite arbitrary but in Indo-European languages it is usually based on sex or animateness" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria grammaticale in base a cui nomi, aggettivi, e pronomi si distinguono in maschile, femminile e, in alcune lingue, anche neutro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminine" + ], + "it": [ + "femminile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to females or to objects classified as female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masculine" + ], + "it": [ + "maschile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to males or to objects classified as male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuter" + ], + "it": [ + "neutro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to inanimate objects (neither masculine nor feminine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tense" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatical category of verbs used to express distinctions of time" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria grammaticale che nei verbi distingue anteriorità, contemporaneità, posteriorità dell'azione da essi indicata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present", + "present tense" + ], + "it": [ + "presente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb tense that expresses actions or states at the time of speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historical present" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of the present tense to describe past actions or states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aorist" + ], + "it": [ + "aoristo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb tense in some languages (classical Greek and Sanskrit) expressing action (especially past action) without indicating its completion or continuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past", + "past tense" + ], + "it": [ + "passato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "future", + "future tense" + ], + "it": [ + "futuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the future" + ], + "it": [ + "un tempo verbale che esprime azioni o stati nel futuro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "participle", + "participial" + ], + "it": [ + "participio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-finite form of the verb; in English it is used adjectivally and to form compound tenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrasal verb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English verb followed by one or more particles where the combination behaves as a syntactic and semantic unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present participle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participle expressing present action; in English is formed by adding -ing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past participle", + "perfect participle" + ], + "it": [ + "participio passato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participle that expresses completed action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transitive verb", + "transitive verb form", + "transitive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb (or verb construction) that requires an object in order to be grammatical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubly transitive verb", + "doubly transitive verb form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transitive verb that takes both a direct and an indirect object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intransitive verb", + "intransitive verb form", + "intransitive" + ], + "it": [ + "intransitivo", + "verbi intransitivi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb (or verb construction) that does not take an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantic role", + "participant role" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the underlying relation that a constituent has with the main verb in a clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affected role", + "patient role", + "patient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agentive role", + "agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the animate entity that instigates or causes the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefactive role", + "beneficiary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the intended recipient who benefits from the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumental role", + "instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the entity (usually inanimate) that the agent uses to perform an action or start a process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locative role", + "locative" + ], + "it": [ + "caso locativo", + "locativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the noun phrase that designates the place of the state or action denoted by the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recipient role", + "recipient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the animate entity that is passively involved in the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resultant role", + "result" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporal role", + "temporal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the semantic role of the noun phrase that designates the time of the state or action denoted by the verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo", + "nome", + "denominazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language unit by which a person or thing is known" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento linguistico che permette di designare esseri viventi, oggetti, fatti, concetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnomen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional name or an epithet appended to a name (as in `Ferdinand the Great')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assumed name", + "fictitious name", + "Doing Business As", + "DBA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a name under which a corporation conducts business that is not the legal name of the corporation as shown in its articles of incorporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eponym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name derived from a person (real or imaginary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eponym" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person for whom something is named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extension", + "filename extension", + "file name extension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of characters beginning with a period and followed by one or more letters; the optional second part of a PC computer filename" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filename", + "file name", + "computer filename", + "computer file name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the name given to a computer file in order to distinguish it from other files; may contain an extension that indicates the type of file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronymic", + "patronym" + ], + "it": [ + "patronimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family name derived from name of your father or a paternal ancestor (especially with an affix (such as -son in English or O'- in Irish) added to the name of your father or a paternal ancestor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matronymic", + "metronymic" + ], + "it": [ + "matronimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name derived from the name of your mother or a maternal ancestor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name of a street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name of a brokerage firm in which stock is held on behalf of a customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang for something (especially for an illegal drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alternative name that a person chooses or is given (especially in inner city neighborhoods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surname", + "family name", + "cognomen", + "last name" + ], + "it": [ + "casato", + "cognome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's surname before marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name between your first name and your surname" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first name", + "given name", + "forename" + ], + "it": [ + "nome", + "nome di battesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name that precedes the surname" + ], + "it": [ + "nome proprio che designa una persona all'interno della famiglia a cui appartiene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian name", + "baptismal name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first name given to Christians at birth or christening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praenomen" + ], + "it": [ + "prenome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first name of a citizen of ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickname", + "moniker", + "cognomen", + "sobriquet", + "soubriquet", + "byname" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo", + "nomignolo", + "soprannome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of a person's given name)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a descriptive name for a place or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alias", + "assumed name", + "false name" + ], + "it": [ + "nome falso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name that has been assumed temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudonym", + "anonym", + "nom de guerre" + ], + "it": [ + "pseudonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictitious name used when the person performs a particular social role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misnomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect or unsuitable name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage name" + ], + "it": [ + "nome d' arte", + "pseudonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pseudonym of an actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen name", + "nom de plume" + ], + "it": [ + "pseudonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an author's pseudonym" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writer's name", + "author's name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name that appears on the by-line to identify the author of a work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appellation", + "denomination", + "designation", + "appellative" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo", + "denominazione", + "soprannome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identifying word or words by which someone or something is called and classified or distinguished from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet name", + "hypocorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name of endearment (especially one using a diminutive suffix)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title", + "title of respect", + "form of address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an identifying appellation signifying status or function: e.g. `Mr.' or `General'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aga", + "Agha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defender of the Faith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title that Leo X bestowed on Henry VIII and later withdrew; parliament restored the title and it has been used by English sovereigns ever since" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish courtesy title or form of address for men that is prefixed to the forename" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish courtesy title or form of address for a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German courtesy title or form of address for an adult woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fraulein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German courtesy title or form of address for an unmarried woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hakham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew title of respect for a wise and highly educated man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German courtesy title or form of address for a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of address for an unmarried woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mister", + "Mr", + "Mr." + ], + "it": [ + "signore", + "signor", + "Sig." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of address for a man" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo di riguardo e di cortesia con cui ci si rivolge o ci si riferisce a un uomo e che si appone (troncato in signor) ai titoli, al cognome, al nome (sig. forma abbreviata, frequente negli indirizzi e in altri usi scritti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mrs", + "Mrs." + ], + "it": [ + "Sig.ra", + "signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of address for a married woman" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo di riguardo e di cortesia con cui ci si rivolge o ci si riferisce a una donna sposata, premesso al nome, al cognome o ad altri titoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ms", + "Ms." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of address for a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rabbi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew title of respect for a Jewish scholar or teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reverend" + ], + "it": [ + "Rev.", + "reverendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title of respect for a clergyman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senorita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian title or form of address for a married woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Signorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian title or form of address for an unmarried woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Very Reverend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title of respect for various ecclesiastical officials (as cathedral deans and canons and others)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lordship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title used to address any British peer except a duke and extended to a bishop or a judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ladyship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title used to address any peeress except a duchess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appellation signifying nobility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronetcy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title of a baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscountcy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title of a viscount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title" + ], + "it": [ + "intitolazione", + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name of a work of art or literary composition etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place name", + "toponym" + ], + "it": [ + "toponimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name by which a geographical place is known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heading", + "header", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "intestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossheading", + "crosshead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heading of a subsection printed within the body of the text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headline", + "newspaper headline" + ], + "it": [ + "intestazione", + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heading or caption of a newspaper article" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heading that indicates the subject of an annotation or a literary composition or a dictionary entry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masthead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title of a newspaper or magazine; usually printed on the front page and on the editorial page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title or heading that is printed in red or in a special type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running head", + "running headline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heading printed at the top of every page (or every other page) of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subheading", + "subhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heading of a subdivision of a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title (or a shortened title) of a book used as a running head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropline", + "drop line", + "stepped line", + "stagger head", + "staggered head", + "stephead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headline with the top line flush left and succeeding lines indented to the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensational newspaper headline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamer", + "banner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper headline that runs across the full page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title", + "statute title", + "rubric" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) written material introduced into a movie or TV show to give credits or represent dialogue or explain an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general or descriptive heading for a section of a written work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entry on a list of persons who contributed to a film or written work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caption", + "legend" + ], + "it": [ + "dicitura", + "didascalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brief description accompanying an illustration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtitle" + ], + "it": [ + "sottotitolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secondary or explanatory title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistranslation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect translation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pony", + "trot", + "crib" + ], + "it": [ + "bigino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literal translation used in studying a foreign language (often used illicitly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translation back into the original language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtitle", + "caption" + ], + "it": [ + "didascalia", + "sottotitolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translation of foreign dialogue of a movie or TV program; usually displayed at the bottom of the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supertitle", + "surtitle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translation of the words of a foreign opera (or choral work) projected on a screen above the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of poetry", + "line of verse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single line of words in a poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acatalectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a line of verse that has the full number of syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandrine" + ], + "it": [ + "alessandrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a line of verse that has six iambic feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a line of verse that lacks a syllable in the last metrical foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypercatalectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a line of poetry having an extra syllable or syllables at the end of the last metrical foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-line", + "credit line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line giving the name of the writer of a story or article" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dateline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line at the beginning of a news article giving the date and place of origin of the news dispatch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written communication", + "written language", + "black and white" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione scritta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication by means of written symbols (either printed or handwritten)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcription", + "written text" + ], + "it": [ + "trascrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something written, especially copied from one medium to another, as a typewritten version of dictation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transliteration" + ], + "it": [ + "trascrizione", + "traslitterazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transcription from one alphabet to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonetic transcription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transcription intended to represent each distinct speech sound with a separate symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shorthand", + "stenography", + "tachygraphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of writing rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longhand", + "running hand", + "cursive", + "cursive script" + ], + "it": [ + "corsivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid handwriting in which letters are set down in full and are cursively connected within words without lifting the writing implement from the paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minuscule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cursive script developed from uncial between the 7th and 9th centuries and used in medieval manuscripts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copperplate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graceful style of handwriting based on the writing used on copperplate engravings" + ], + "it": [ + "calligrafia chiara e regolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "italic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clearly written style of longhand with large round curves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthography", + "writing system" + ], + "it": [ + "ortografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular orthography or writing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aramaic", + "Aramaic script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabetical (or perhaps syllabic) script used since the 9th century BC to write the Aramaic language; many other scripts were subsequently derived from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian", + "Armenian alphabet" + ], + "it": [ + "armeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing system having an alphabet of 38 letters in which the Armenian language is written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avestan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the script in which the ancient Persian language of the Avesta is written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian" + ], + "it": [ + "babilonese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideographic and syllabic writing system in which the ancient Babylonian language was written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahmi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a script (probably adapted from the Aramaic about the 7th century BC) from which later Indian scripts developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Devanagari", + "Devanagari script", + "Nagari", + "Nagari script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syllabic script used in writing Sanskrit and Hindi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pahlavi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the script (derived from the Aramaic alphabet) used to write the Pahlavi language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uighur", + "Uigur", + "Uygur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the script (derived from Aramaic) used to write the Uighur language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of orthography characterized by somewhat rounded capital letters; found especially in Greek and Latin manuscripts of the 4th to 8th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spelling" + ], + "it": [ + "ortografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misspelling" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "errore di ortografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spelling that is incorrect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coding system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of signals used to represent letters or numbers in transmitting messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code" + ], + "it": [ + "cifrario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coding system used for transmitting messages requiring brevity or secrecy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access", + "access code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code (a series of characters or digits) that must be entered in some way (typed or dialed or spoken) to get the use of something (a telephone line or a computer or a local area network etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back door", + "backdoor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undocumented way to get access to a computer system or the data it contains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area code" + ], + "it": [ + "indicativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number usually of 3 digits assigned to a telephone area as in the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar code", + "Universal Product Code" + ], + "it": [ + "codice a barre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "code consisting of a series of vertical bars of variable width that are scanned by a laser; printed on consumer product packages to identify the item for a computer that provides the price and registers inventory information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system using colors to designate classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptogram", + "cryptograph", + "secret writing" + ], + "it": [ + "crittogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of writing in code or cipher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cipher", + "cypher", + "cryptograph", + "secret code" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret method of writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morse", + "Morse code", + "international Morse code" + ], + "it": [ + "alfabeto Morse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short and long signals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ZIP code", + "ZIP", + "postcode", + "postal code" + ], + "it": [ + "CAP", + "codice di avviamento postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code of letters and digits added to a postal address to aid in the sorting of mail" + ], + "it": [ + "codice di lettere e cifre che aiutano ad indirizzare una lettera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code", + "computer code" + ], + "it": [ + "codice", + "codifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructions" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare codice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argument", + "parameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "computer address", + "reference" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Standard Code for Information Interchange", + "ASCII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a code for information exchange between computers made by different companies; a string of 7 binary digits represents each character; used in most microcomputers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ASCII character set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) 128 characters that make up the ASCII coding scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary code" + ], + "it": [ + "codice binario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "code using a string of 8 binary digits to represent characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error correction code", + "ECC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(telecommunication) a coding system that incorporates extra parity bits in order to detect errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclic redundancy check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an error correction code that is recorded in each sector of a magnetic disk and used to catch errors in the data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firmware", + "microcode" + ], + "it": [ + "firmware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) coded instructions that are stored permanently in read-only memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine code", + "machine language" + ], + "it": [ + "codice macchina", + "codice di macchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of instructions coded so that the computer can use it directly without further translation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object code" + ], + "it": [ + "codice oggetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the machine-language output of a compiler that is ready for execution on a particular computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operation code", + "order code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the portion of a set of operation descriptions that specifies the operation to be performed; the set of operations in a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source code" + ], + "it": [ + "codice sorgente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "program instructions written as an ASCII text file; must be translated by a compiler or interpreter or assembler into the object code for a particular computer before execution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "URL", + "uniform resource locator", + "universal resource locator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the address of a web page on the world wide web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web page", + "webpage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document connected to the World Wide Web and viewable by anyone connected to the internet who has a web browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home page", + "homepage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening page of a web site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web site", + "website", + "internet site", + "site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chat room", + "chatroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a site on the internet where a number of users can communicate in real time (typically one dedicated to a particular topic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portal site", + "portal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a site that the owner positions as an entrance to other sites on the internet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing" + ], + "it": [ + "scrittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "letters or symbols that are written or imprinted on a surface to represent the sounds or words of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the written form of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is written with two letters in an alphabetic writing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is written with three letters in an alphabetic writing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetragram" + ], + "it": [ + "tetragramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is written with four letters in an alphabetic writing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetragrammaton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "four Hebrew letters usually transliterated as YHWH (Yahweh) or JHVH (Jehovah) signifying the Hebrew name for God which the Jews regarded as too holy to pronounce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture writing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing system using pictographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabetic writing", + "alphabetic script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing system based on alphabetic characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boustrophedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient writing system: having alternate lines written in opposite directions; literally `as the ox ploughs'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuneiform" + ], + "it": [ + "cuneiforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabary", + "syllabic script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing system whose characters represent syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linear A" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century B.C." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linear B" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syllabic script used in Greece in the 13th century B.C." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideography" + ], + "it": [ + "ideografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of ideograms in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hieratic", + "hieratic script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cursive form of Egyptian hieroglyphics; used especially by the priests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hieroglyph", + "hieroglyphic" + ], + "it": [ + "geroglifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writing system using picture symbols; used in ancient Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of writing or printing using patterns of raised dots that can be read by touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braille" + ], + "it": [ + "braille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point system of writing in which patterns of raised dots represent letters and numerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing", + "written material", + "piece of writing" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale scritto", + "scritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the work of a writer; anything expressed in letters of the alphabet (especially when considered from the point of view of style and effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing" + ], + "it": [ + "scritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the collected work of an author" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patristics", + "patrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the writings of the early Church Fathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewrite", + "revision", + "rescript" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been written again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary composition", + "literary work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginative or creative writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literature" + ], + "it": [ + "letteratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creative writing of recognized artistic value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literature" + ], + "it": [ + "letteratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "published writings in a particular style on a particular subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historiography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of historical literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written works (especially in books or magazines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written instructions from a physician or dentist to a druggist concerning the form and dosage of a drug to be issued to a given patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written instructions for an optician on the lenses for a given person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrostic" + ], + "it": [ + "acrostico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verse in which certain letters such as the first in each line form a word or message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belles-lettres", + "belles lettres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creative writing valued for esthetic content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialogue", + "dialog" + ], + "it": [ + "dialogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary composition in the form of a conversation between two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphuism" + ], + "it": [ + "eufuismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elegant style of prose of the Elizabethan period; characterized by balance and antithesis and alliteration and extended similes with and allusions to nature and mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiction" + ], + "it": [ + "narrativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fictionalization", + "fictionalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary work based partly or wholly on fact but written as if it were fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonfiction", + "nonfictional prose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prose writing that is not fictional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dystopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work of fiction describing an imaginary place where life is extremely bad because of deprivation or oppression or terror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novel" + ], + "it": [ + "romanzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detective novel", + "mystery novel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "novel in which the reader is challenged to solve a puzzle before the detective explains it at the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dime novel", + "penny dreadful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melodramatic paperback novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasy", + "phantasy" + ], + "it": [ + "storia fantastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiction with a large amount of imagination in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "science fiction" + ], + "it": [ + "fantascienza", + "science fiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literary fantasy involving the imagined impact of science on society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyberpunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of fast-paced science fiction involving oppressive futuristic computerized societies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novelette", + "novella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roman a clef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novel in which actual persons and events are disguised as fictional characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novel dealing with idealized events remote from everyday life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic romance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a romance that deals with desolate and mysterious and grotesque events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodice ripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a romantic novel containing scenes in which the heroine is sexually violated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roman fleuve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French novel in the form of a long chronicle of a family or other social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "story" + ], + "it": [ + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of fiction that narrates a chain of related events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work of fiction describing a utopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventure story", + "heroic tale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story of an adventure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thriller" + ], + "it": [ + "thriller", + "thrilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suspenseful adventure story or play or movie" + ], + "it": [ + "romanzo di avventure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saga" + ], + "it": [ + "saga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative telling the adventures of a hero or a family; originally (12th to 14th centuries) a story of the families that settled Iceland and their descendants but now any prose narrative that resembles such an account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystery", + "mystery story", + "whodunit" + ], + "it": [ + "giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story about a crime (usually murder) presented as a novel or play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detective story" + ], + "it": [ + "giallistica", + "giallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative about someone who investigates crimes and obtains evidence leading to their resolution" + ], + "it": [ + "romanzo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder mystery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative about a murder and how the murderer is discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love story", + "romance" + ], + "it": [ + "love story", + "romanzo rosa", + "storia d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story dealing with love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legend", + "fable" + ], + "it": [ + "leggenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arthurian legend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legend of King Arthur and his court at Camelot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short story" + ], + "it": [ + "novella", + "novelletta", + "racconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prose narrative shorter than a novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fable", + "parable", + "allegory", + "apologue" + ], + "it": [ + "allegoria", + "apologo", + "favola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short moral story (often with animal characters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aesop's fables" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of fables believed to have been written by the Greek storyteller Aesop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilgrim's Progress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allegory written by John Bunyan in 1678" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myth" + ], + "it": [ + "mito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gotterdammerung", + "Ragnarok", + "Twilight of the Gods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myth about the ultimate destruction of the gods in a battle with evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) any of the stories told by Jesus to convey his religious message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot" + ], + "it": [ + "intreccio", + "intrigo", + "orditura", + "trama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the series of events that form a plot" + ], + "it": [ + "la serie di eventi che formano una storia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storyline", + "plot line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plot of a book or play or film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climax", + "culmination" + ], + "it": [ + "punto culminante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decisive moment in a novel or play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticlimax", + "bathos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from a serious subject to a disappointing one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tearjerker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessively sentimental narrative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior monologue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary genre that presents a fictional character's sequence of thoughts in the form of a monologue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream of consciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary genre that reveals a character's thoughts and feeling as they develop by means of a long soliloquy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticism", + "literary criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written evaluation of a work of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explication de texte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of literary criticism that analyzes details of a text in order to reveal its structure and meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "textual criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comparison of a particular text with related materials in order to establish authenticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literary criticism based on close analysis of the text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "higher criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientific study of biblical writings to determine their origin and meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the study of existing manuscripts of the Scriptures in order to determine the original text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masorah", + "Masora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast body of textual criticism of the Hebrew Scriptures including notes on features of writing and on the occurrence of certain words and on variant sources and instructions for pronunciation and other comments that were written between AD 600 and 900 by Jewish scribes in the margins or at the end of texts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of literary criticism in which the structure of a piece of writing is analyzed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the literary genre of works intended for the theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prose" + ], + "it": [ + "prosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ordinary writing as distinguished from verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prose poem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prose that resembles poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphonic prose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmical prose employing the poetic devices of alliteration and assonance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagiology" + ], + "it": [ + "agiologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literature narrating the lives (and legends) of the saints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lucubration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn literary work that is the product of laborious cogitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastoral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary work idealizing the rural life (especially the life of shepherds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poem", + "verse form" + ], + "it": [ + "poema", + "poesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione con metrica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abecedarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poem having lines beginning with letters of the alphabet in regular order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcaic", + "Alcaic verse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verse in the meter used in Greek and Latin poetry consisting of strophes of 4 tetrametric lines; reputedly invented by Alcaeus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballad", + "lay" + ], + "it": [ + "ballata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative poem of popular origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballade" + ], + "it": [ + "ballata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poem consisting of 3 stanzas and an envoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank verse" + ], + "it": [ + "sciolti", + "versi sciolti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerihew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty satiric verse containing two rhymed couplets and mentioning a famous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i69999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couplet" + ], + "it": [ + "distico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stanza consisting of two successive lines of verse; usually rhymed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dithyramb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Greece) a passionate hymn (usually in honor of Dionysus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doggerel", + "doggerel verse", + "jingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comic verse of irregular measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclogue", + "bucolic", + "idyll", + "idyl" + ], + "it": [ + "bucolica", + "ecloga", + "egloga", + "idillio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short poem descriptive of rural or pastoral life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegy", + "lament" + ], + "it": [ + "elegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mournful poem; a lament for the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epic poem", + "heroic poem", + "epic", + "epos" + ], + "it": [ + "epica", + "epopea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeneid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epic in Latin by Virgil; tells the adventures of Aeneas after the Trojan War; provides an illustrious historical background for the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Divine Comedy", + "Divina Commedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative epic poem written by Dante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free verse", + "vers libre" + ], + "it": [ + "verso libero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrhymed verse without a consistent metrical pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haiku" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epigrammatic Japanese verse form of three short lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limerick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous verse form of 5 anapestic lines with a rhyme scheme aabba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyric", + "lyric poem" + ], + "it": [ + "canto", + "lira", + "lirica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short poem of songlike quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rondeau", + "rondel" + ], + "it": [ + "rondello", + "rondò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French verse form of 10 or 13 lines running on two rhymes; the opening phrase is repeated as the refrain of the second and third stanzas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English form of rondeau having three triplets with a refrain after the first and third" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rondelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shorter form of rondeau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonnet" + ], + "it": [ + "sonetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of Japanese poetry; the 1st and 3rd lines have five syllables and the 2nd, 4th, and 5th have seven syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terza rima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verse", + "rhyme" + ], + "it": [ + "rima", + "verso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iliad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the siege of Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odyssey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the journey of Odysseus after the fall of Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nibelungenlied" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epic poem written in Middle High German and based on the legends of Siegfried and Teutonic kings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chanson de geste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old French epic poems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhapsody" + ], + "it": [ + "rapsodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epic poem adapted for recitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petrarchan sonnet", + "Italian sonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic group of eight lines of verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sestet" + ], + "it": [ + "sestina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmic group of six lines of verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shakespearean sonnet", + "Elizabethan sonnet", + "English sonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonnet consisting three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spenserian sonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonnet consisting of three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab bcbd cdcd ee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epos" + ], + "it": [ + "epopea", + "epos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of poetry that conveys the traditions of a society by treating some epic theme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lyric poem with complex stanza forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epithalamium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ode honoring a bride and bridegroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horatian ode", + "Sapphic ode" + ], + "it": [ + "saffica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ode with several stanzas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pindaric ode", + "Pindaric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ode form used by Pindar; has triple groups of triple units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choral ode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ode sung by the chorus in classical Greek drama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canto" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major division of a long poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envoy", + "envoi" + ], + "it": [ + "congedo", + "invio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief stanza concluding certain forms of poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quatrain" + ], + "it": [ + "quartina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stanza of four lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegiac stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quatrain in iambic pentameter with abab rhyme scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verse", + "verse line" + ], + "it": [ + "verso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of metrical text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iambic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line consisting of iambs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adonic", + "Adonic line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line with a dactyl followed by a spondee or trochee; supposedly used in laments by Adonis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "versicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short verse said or sung by a priest or minister in public worship and followed by a response from the congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sursum corda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a Latin versicle meaning `lift up your hearts'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "response" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed couplet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhymed couplet that forms a complete syntactic unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroic couplet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a couplet consisting of two rhymed lines of iambic pentameter and written in an elevated style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroic stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quatrain consisting of two heroic couplets written in an elevated style; the rhyme scheme is abab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroic verse", + "heroic meter", + "heroic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse form suited to the treatment of heroic or elevated themes; dactylic hexameter or iambic pentameter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock-heroic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a satirical imitation of heroic verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spenserian stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stanza with eight lines of iambic pentameter and a concluding Alexandrine with the rhyme pattern abab bcbc c" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strophe" + ], + "it": [ + "strofa", + "strofe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one section of a lyric poem or choral ode in classical Greek drama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antistrophe" + ], + "it": [ + "antistrofa", + "antistrofe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a choral ode answering a previous strophe in classical Greek drama; the second of two metrically corresponding sections in a poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potboiler" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "opera commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary composition of poor quality that was written quickly to make money (to boil the pot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tushery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing of poor quality; characterized by affected choice of archaic words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter that has been dictated and transcribed; a dictated passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short line of text that a web site puts on your computer's hard drive when you access the web site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "session cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookie that is stored temporarily and is destroyed when you close the link" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precision cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookie that is saved permanently on your hard drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text", + "textual matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the words of something written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine-displayable text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic text that is stored and used in the form of a digital image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine-readable text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronic text that is stored as strings of characters and that can be displayed in a variety of formats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typescript" + ], + "it": [ + "dattiloscritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typewritten matter especially a typewritten copy of a manuscript" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface area where something has been erased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin" + ], + "it": [ + "marginatura", + "margine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blank space that surrounds the text on a page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space", + "blank space", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio", + "spazio bianco", + "spazio in bianco", + "intervallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indentation", + "indention", + "indent", + "indenture" + ], + "it": [ + "capoverso", + "rientranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space left between the margin and the start of an indented line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine delle parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of words in a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) dump of the contents of the chief registers in the CPU; usually used for debugging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a copy of the contents of a computer storage device; sometimes used in debugging programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair copy" + ], + "it": [ + "bella", + "bella copia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clean copy of a corrected draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy", + "written matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter to be printed; exclusive of graphical materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front matter", + "prelims" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written matter preceding the main text of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back matter", + "end matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written matter following the main text of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draft copy" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzo", + "bozza", + "disegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the various versions in the development of a written work" + ], + "it": [ + "schema, prima forma di un testo, di un'opera d'arte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "text that is in a form that computer can store or display on a computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) matter that is in a form that a computer can store or display it on a computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard copy" + ], + "it": [ + "hard copy", + "stampato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) matter that is held in a computer and is typed or printed on paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "installment", + "instalment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a published serial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascicle", + "fascicule" + ], + "it": [ + "fascicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an installment of a printed work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section", + "subdivision" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo", + "sezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "above" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earlier section of a written text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a newspaper that reports on sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article", + "clause" + ], + "it": [ + "art.", + "articolo", + "clausola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a separate section of a legal document (as a statute or contract or will)" + ], + "it": [ + "un particolare sezione di un documento legale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitration clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in a contract providing for arbitration of disputes arising under the contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deductible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in an insurance policy that relieves the insurer of responsibility to pay the initial loss up to a stated amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double indemnity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in an insurance policy that provides for double the face value of the policy in the case of accidental death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalator clause", + "escalator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause in a contract that provides for an increase or a decrease in wages or prices or benefits etc. depending on certain conditions (as a change in the cost of living index)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inconspicuous clause in a document or bill that affects its meaning in a way that is not immediately apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause that used to be part of the contract with a professional athlete extending the contract for a year beyond its expiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clause that is appended to a legislative bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central message of a communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "libro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major division of a long written composition" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle parti in cui risultano divise opere letterarie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapter" + ], + "it": [ + "cap.", + "capitolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episode" + ], + "it": [ + "episodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief section of a literary or dramatic work that forms part of a connected series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of an entertainment that is assigned to a specific performer or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short section or illustration (as between radio or tv programs or in a magazine) that is often used for advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insert" + ], + "it": [ + "inserto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folded section placed between the leaves of another publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduction" + ], + "it": [ + "cappello", + "introduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first section of a communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exordium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rhetoric) the introductory section of an oration or discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rhetoric) the second section of an oration in which the facts are set forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial part of the introduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attention-getting opening presented at the start of a television show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "word of greeting used to begin a letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreword", + "preface", + "prolusion" + ], + "it": [ + "avvertimento", + "introduzione", + "isagoge", + "prefazione", + "proemio", + "prolusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preamble" + ], + "it": [ + "preambolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary introduction to a statute or constitution (usually explaining its purpose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolegomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary discussion inserted at the beginning of a book or treatise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclusion", + "end", + "close", + "closing", + "ending" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusa", + "chiusura", + "conclusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last section of a communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilogue", + "epilog" + ], + "it": [ + "epilogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short passage added at the end of a literary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilogue", + "epilog" + ], + "it": [ + "epilogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short speech (often in verse) addressed directly to the audience by an actor at the end of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rhetoric) the concluding section of an oration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appendix" + ], + "it": [ + "app.", + "appendice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequel", + "continuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part added to a book or play that continues and extends it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addendum", + "supplement", + "postscript" + ], + "it": [ + "addenda", + "appendice", + "supplemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirttail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief addendum at the end of a newspaper article" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragraph" + ], + "it": [ + "alinea", + "capoverso", + "paragrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio", + "passo", + "luogo", + "pezzo", + "punto", + "pagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of text; particularly a section of medium length" + ], + "it": [ + "brano, frammento di un libro, di uno scritto o di una argomentazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excerpt", + "excerption", + "extract", + "selection" + ], + "it": [ + "estratto", + "squarcio", + "stralcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage selected from a larger work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrestomathy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selection of passages from different authors that is compiled as an aid in learning a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locus classicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative and often-quoted passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage that is being read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage full of ornate and flowery language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage that connects a topic to one that follows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashback" + ], + "it": [ + "flashback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transition (in literary or theatrical works or films) to an earlier event or scene that interrupts the normal chronological development of the story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash-forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transition (in literary or theatrical works or films) to a later event or scene that interrupts the normal chronological development of the story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diary", + "journal" + ], + "it": [ + "diario", + "giornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web log", + "blog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalization", + "capitalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing in capital letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typing", + "typewriting" + ], + "it": [ + "battitura", + "battitura a macchina", + "dattilografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing done with a typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-spacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typing that leaves alternate lines blank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-spacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typing that does not leave lines blank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple-spacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typing that leaves two lines blank between lines of typing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch typing", + "touch system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typewriting in which the fingers are trained to hit particular keys; typist can read and type at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "text handwritten in the style of printed matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwriting", + "hand", + "script" + ], + "it": [ + "scrittura", + "grafia", + "calligrafia", + "mano", + "carattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something written by hand" + ], + "it": [ + "modo di scrivere di una persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hieroglyph", + "hieroglyphic" + ], + "it": [ + "geroglifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing that resembles hieroglyphics (usually by being illegible)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skywriting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing formed in the sky by smoke released from an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calligraphy", + "penmanship", + "chirography" + ], + "it": [ + "calligrafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful handwriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribble", + "scratch", + "scrawl", + "cacography" + ], + "it": [ + "cacografia", + "scarabocchio", + "sgorbiatura", + "scrittura illegibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poor handwriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken scratch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cramped or illegible handwriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squiggle" + ], + "it": [ + "ghirigogolo", + "ghirigoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illegible scrawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signature" + ], + "it": [ + "firma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your name written in your own handwriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allograph" + ], + "it": [ + "allografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signature written by one person for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autograph", + "John Hancock" + ], + "it": [ + "autografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's own signature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countersignature", + "countersign" + ], + "it": [ + "controfirma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second confirming signature endorsing a document already signed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorsement", + "indorsement" + ], + "it": [ + "avallo", + "girata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signature that validates something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank endorsement", + "endorsement in blank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorsement on commercial paper naming no payee and so payable to the bearer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign manual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the signature of a sovereign on an official document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscription", + "lettering" + ], + "it": [ + "iscrizione", + "leggenda", + "scritta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosetta Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of an inscribed granite stela that was originally about six feet tall and was set up in 196 BC; the inscriptions in hieroglyphics and Demotic and Greek gave the first clues to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inscription written above something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedication", + "inscription" + ], + "it": [ + "dedica", + "epigrafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short message (as in a book or musical work or on a photograph) dedicating it to someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigraph" + ], + "it": [ + "epigrafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engraved inscription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epitaph" + ], + "it": [ + "epitaffio", + "epitafio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inscription on a tombstone or monument in memory of the person buried there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epitaph" + ], + "it": [ + "epitaffio", + "epitafio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary statement of commemoration for a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festschrift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of writings published in honor of a scholar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manuscript", + "ms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of a literary work submitted for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autograph" + ], + "it": [ + "autografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something written by one's own hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manuscript", + "holograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handwritten book or document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codex", + "leaf-book" + ], + "it": [ + "codice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbound manuscript of some ancient classic (as distinguished from a scroll)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palimpsest" + ], + "it": [ + "palimpsesto", + "palinsesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manuscript (usually written on papyrus or parchment) on which more than one text has been written with the earlier writing incompletely erased and still visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scroll", + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "cartiglio", + "rotolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document that can be rolled up (as for storage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dead Sea scrolls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a collection of written scrolls (containing nearly all of the Old Testament) found in a cave near the Dead Sea in the late 1940s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megillah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the scroll of parchment that contains the biblical story of Esther; traditionally read in synagogues to celebrate Purim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the scroll of parchment on which the first five books of the Hebrew Scripture is written; is used in a synagogue during services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treatise" + ], + "it": [ + "trattato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal exposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adaptation", + "version" + ], + "it": [ + "adattamento", + "versione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written work (as a novel) that has been recast in a new form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modernized version (as of a play)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissertation", + "thesis" + ], + "it": [ + "discettazione", + "dissertazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tract", + "pamphlet" + ], + "it": [ + "trattatelllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet" + ], + "it": [ + "breve trattato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monograph" + ], + "it": [ + "monografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed and documented treatise on a particular subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essay" + ], + "it": [ + "saggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analytic or interpretive literary composition" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione letteraria analitica. \"Vittorio Strada ha scritto vari saggi di letteratura russa\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composition", + "paper", + "report", + "theme" + ], + "it": [ + "componimento", + "elaborato", + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essay (especially one written as an assignment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition intended to indicate a student's progress during a school term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disquisition" + ], + "it": [ + "disquisizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate analytical or explanatory essay or discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memoir" + ], + "it": [ + "dissertazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essay on a scientific or scholarly topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thanatopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essay expressing a view on the subject of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "critique", + "critical review", + "review article" + ], + "it": [ + "critica", + "recensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critical review of a book (usually a recently published book)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short critical review" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "libro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro scritto che è stato pubblicato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative written work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "books on strange or unusual subjects (especially erotica)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formulary", + "pharmacopeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pharmacology) a book containing a compilation of pharmaceutical products with their formulas and methods of preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade book", + "trade edition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book intended for general readership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best seller", + "bestseller" + ], + "it": [ + "best seller", + "best-seller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book that has had a large and rapid sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestiary" + ], + "it": [ + "bestiario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval book (usually illustrated) with allegorical and amusing descriptions of real and fabled animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechism" + ], + "it": [ + "catechismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary book summarizing the principles of a Christian religion; written as questions and answers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookbook", + "cookery book" + ], + "it": [ + "libro di ricette", + "ricettario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of recipes and cooking directions" + ], + "it": [ + "un libro di ricette e istruzioni per cucinare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instruction book" + ], + "it": [ + "libretto di istruzioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of directions for using or operating some piece of equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop-up book", + "pop-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book (usually for children) that contains one or more pages such that a three-dimensional structure rises up when a page is opened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storybook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing a collection of stories (usually for children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tome" + ], + "it": [ + "tomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually) large and scholarly book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volume" + ], + "it": [ + "volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booklet", + "brochure", + "folder", + "leaflet", + "pamphlet" + ], + "it": [ + "libretto", + "librettino", + "opuscolo", + "opuscoletto", + "fascicolo", + "stampato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small book usually having a paper cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue book" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue booklet used in universities for writing examinations" + ], + "it": [ + "quaderno con la copertina blu usato nelle università per esami scritti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket book" + ], + "it": [ + "carnet di biglietti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of tickets that can be torn out and used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "textbook", + "text", + "text edition", + "schoolbook", + "school text" + ], + "it": [ + "libro di testo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book prepared for use in schools or colleges" + ], + "it": [ + "un libro preparato per uso scolastico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a textbook designed for cramming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduction" + ], + "it": [ + "introduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic or elementary instructional text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an introductory textbook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "libro di lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of texts for students learning to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McGuffey Eclectic Readers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "readers that combined lessons in reading with moralistic messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an introductory textbook to teach spelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notebook" + ], + "it": [ + "agenda", + "libretto", + "memorandum", + "quaderno di appunti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book with blank pages for recording notes or memoranda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonplace book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notebook in which you enter memorabilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jotter" + ], + "it": [ + "taccuino", + "carnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small notebook for rough notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workbook" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "quaderno per esercizi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student's book or booklet containing problems with spaces for solving them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copybook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing models of good penmanship; used in teaching penmanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointment book", + "appointment calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing a calendar and space to keep a record of appointments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalog", + "catalogue" + ], + "it": [ + "catalogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book or pamphlet containing an enumeration of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrase book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing common expressions in a foreign language along with their translations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing the scripts of one or more dramatic plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notebook containing descriptions and diagrams of the plays that a team has practiced (especially an American football team)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer book", + "prayerbook" + ], + "it": [ + "libro di preghiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breviary" + ], + "it": [ + "breviario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a book of prayers to be recited daily certain priests and members of religious orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missal" + ], + "it": [ + "messale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a book containing all the prayers and responses needed to celebrate Mass throughout the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psalter", + "Book of Psalms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of Psalms for liturgical use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference book", + "reference", + "reference work", + "book of facts" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "libro di consultazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy of a newly published book that is sent for review to a writer or periodical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "songbook" + ], + "it": [ + "canzoniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing a collection of songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymnal", + "hymnbook", + "hymnary" + ], + "it": [ + "innario", + "innografia", + "libro dei canti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a songbook containing a collection of hymns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylinder with prayers written on it; each revolution counts as uttering the prayers; used especially by Buddhists in Tibet" + ], + "it": [ + "mulino da preghiere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of historically important documents published together as a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wordbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference book containing words (usually with their meanings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictionary", + "lexicon" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionario", + "lessico", + "vocabolario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about them" + ], + "it": [ + "libro contenente le parole di una lingua in ordine alfabetico, con una descrizione del loro significato oppure la loro traduzione in un'altra lingua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilingual dictionary" + ], + "it": [ + "vocabolario bilingue", + "dizionario bilingue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dictionary giving equivalent words in two languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk dictionary", + "collegiate dictionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abridged dictionary of a size convenient to hold in the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymological dictionary" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionario etimologico", + "vocabolario etimologico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dictionary giving the historical origins of each word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazetteer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "dizionario di nomi geografici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical dictionary (as at the back of an atlas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learner's dictionary", + "school dictionary" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionario scolastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dictionary specially written for those learning a foreign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket dictionary", + "little dictionary" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionario tascabile", + "vocabolario tascabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dictionary that is small enough to carry in your pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell-checker", + "spelling checker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic dictionary in a word processor that can be used to catch misspelled words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unabridged dictionary", + "unabridged" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dictionary that has not been shortened by the omitting terms or definitions; a comprehensive dictionary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford English Dictionary", + "O.E.D.", + "OED" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unabridged dictionary constructed on historical principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomasticon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of proper nouns naming persons or places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocabulary" + ], + "it": [ + "lessico", + "vocabolario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a listing of the words used in some enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossary", + "gloss" + ], + "it": [ + "glossario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thesaurus", + "synonym finder" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionario dei sinonimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book containing a classified list of synonyms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word finder", + "wordfinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thesaurus organized to help you find the word you want but cannot think of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbook", + "enchiridion", + "vade mecum" + ], + "it": [ + "enchiridio", + "prontuario", + "vademecum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primer that provides instruction in the rudiments or basic skills of a branch of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manual" + ], + "it": [ + "manuale", + "corso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small handbook" + ], + "it": [ + "testo didattico che espone in forma ordinata e sistematica le nozioni fondamentali di una disciplina, di un argomento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consuetudinary", + "consuetudinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual describing the customs of a particular group (especially the ceremonial practices of a monastic order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grimoire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual of black magic (for invoking spirits and demons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instruction manual", + "instructions", + "book of instructions", + "operating instructions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference manual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual containing information organized in a summary manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex manual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manual containing instruction in sexual techniques; intended to enhance the reader's sexual life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book regarded as authoritative in its field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guidebook", + "guide" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that offers basic information or instruction" + ], + "it": [ + "manuale che fornisce informazioni e gli elementi essenziali per apprendere una tecnica, un'arte, una qualunque disciplina di studio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guidebook describing natural objects of some type that might be encountered in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guidebook describing the roads of a country; contains maps and (sometimes) a gazetteer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baedeker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a series of travel guidebooks published by the German firm founded by Karl Baedeker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel guidebook", + "itinerary" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guidebook for travelers" + ], + "it": [ + "volume per turisti che illustra una località, una regione, uno stato e fornisce consigli sugli itinerari o i luoghi da vistare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reckoner", + "ready reckoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a handbook of tables used to facilitate computation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabetical list of names and addresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonebook", + "phone book", + "telephone book", + "telephone directory" + ], + "it": [ + "elenco del telefono", + "elenco telefonico", + "guida del telefono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a directory containing an alphabetical list of telephone subscribers and their telephone numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistic identification", + "ballistic fingerprinting", + "bullet fingerprinting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification of the gun that fired a bullet from an analysis of the unique marks that every gun makes on the bullet it fires and on the shell ejected from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification", + "biometric authentication", + "identity verification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the automatic identification of living individuals by using their physiological and behavioral characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generic term for any device whose possession entitles the holder to a means of access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number", + "identification number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di identificazione", + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification" + ], + "it": [ + "una cifra o una serie di cifre usate per identificazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business card" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "biglietto da visita della ditta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card on which are printed the person's name and business affiliation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank identification number", + "BIN", + "ABA transit number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an identification number consisting of a two-part code assigned to banks and savings associations; the first part shows the location and the second identifies the bank itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license number", + "registration number" + ], + "it": [ + "matricola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number on the license plate that identifies the car that bears it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Social Security number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of a particular individual's Social Security account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phone number", + "telephone number", + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "numero di telefono", + "numero telefonico", + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number is used in calling a particular telephone" + ], + "it": [ + "numero che si compone per chiamare un determinato telefono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almanac" + ], + "it": [ + "almanacco", + "annuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual publication containing tabular information in a particular field or fields arranged according to the calendar of a given year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annual", + "yearly", + "yearbook" + ], + "it": [ + "annuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference book that is published regularly once every year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almanac", + "farmer's calendar" + ], + "it": [ + "almanacco", + "lunario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual publication including weather forecasts and other miscellaneous information arranged according to the calendar of a given year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephemeris" + ], + "it": [ + "efemeride", + "effemeride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual publication containing astronomical tables that give the positions of the celestial bodies throughout the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atlas", + "book of maps", + "map collection" + ], + "it": [ + "atlante", + "cartoteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of maps in book form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialect atlas", + "linguistic atlas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atlas showing the distribution of distinctive linguistic features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encyclopedia", + "cyclopedia", + "encyclopaedia", + "cyclopaedia" + ], + "it": [ + "enciclopedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book of knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary encyclopedia dealing with general knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editing", + "redaction" + ], + "it": [ + "redazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting something (as a literary work or a legislative bill) into acceptable form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy editing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting something into a form suitable for a printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deletion", + "excision", + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "amputazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the omission that is made when an editorial change shortens a written passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something substituted for an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erasure" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correction made by erasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewriting", + "revising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "editing that involves writing something again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revision", + "revisal", + "revise", + "rescript" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornamento", + "revisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of rewriting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewording", + "recasting", + "rephrasing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "changing a particular word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraphrase", + "paraphrasis" + ], + "it": [ + "parafrasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rewording for the purpose of clarification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rewording something in less technical terminology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacred text", + "sacred writing", + "religious writing", + "religious text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing that is venerated for the worship of a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long piece of writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scripture", + "sacred scripture" + ], + "it": [ + "Sacre Scritture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any writing that is regarded as sacred by a religious group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of books accepted as holy scripture especially the books of the Bible recognized by any Christian church as genuine and inspired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adi Granth", + "Granth", + "Granth Sahib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal sacred text of Sikhism contains hymns and poetry as well as the teachings of the first five gurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avesta", + "Zend-Avesta" + ], + "it": [ + "zendavesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of Zoroastrian texts gathered during the 4th or 6th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhagavad-Gita", + "Bhagavadgita", + "Gita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) the sacred `song of God' composed about 200 BC and incorporated into the Mahabharata (a Sanskrit epic); contains a discussion between Krishna and the Indian hero Arjuna on human nature and the purpose of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahabharata", + "Mahabharatam", + "Mahabharatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a sacred epic Sanskrit poem of India dealing in many episodes with the struggle between two rival families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bible", + "Christian Bible", + "Book", + "Good Book", + "Holy Scripture", + "Holy Writ", + "Scripture", + "Word of God", + "Word" + ], + "it": [ + "Bibbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sacred writings of the Christian religions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genesis", + "Book of Genesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first book of the Old Testament: tells of Creation; Adam and Eve; the Fall of Man; Cain and Abel; Noah and the flood; God's covenant with Abraham; Abraham and Isaac; Jacob and Esau; Joseph and his brothers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Exodus", + "Book of Exodus" + ], + "it": [ + "esodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second book of the Old Testament: tells of the departure of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt led by Moses; God gave them the Ten Commandments and the rest of Mosaic law on Mount Sinai during the Exodus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leviticus", + "Book of Leviticus" + ], + "it": [ + "Levitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third book of the Old Testament; contains Levitical law and ritual precedents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numbers", + "Book of Numbers" + ], + "it": [ + "Numeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo di uno dei libri del Pentateuco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deuteronomy", + "Book of Deuteronomy" + ], + "it": [ + "Deuteronomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth book of the Old Testament; contains a second statement of Mosaic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezuzah", + "mezuza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious texts from Deuteronomy inscribed on parchment and rolled up in a case that is attached to the doorframe of many Jewish households in accordance with Jewish law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joshua", + "Josue", + "Book of Joshua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in the Old Testament describing how Joshua led the Israelites into Canaan (the Promised Land) after the death of Moses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judges", + "Book of Judges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruth", + "Book of Ruth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of the Old Testament that tells the story of Ruth who was not an Israelite but who married an Israelite and who stayed with her mother-in-law Naomi after her husband died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I Samuel", + "1 Samuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of two books in the Old Testament that tell of Saul and David" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "II Samuel", + "2 Samuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of two books of the Old Testament that tell of Saul and David" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I Kings", + "1 Kings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of two Old Testament books telling the histories of the kings of Judah and Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "II Kings", + "2 Kings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of two Old Testament books telling the histories of the kings of Judah and Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paralipomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) an obsolete name for the Old Testament books of I Chronicles and II Chronicles which were regarded as supplementary to Kings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I Chronicles", + "1 Chronicles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of two Old Testament books telling the history of Judah and Israel until the return from the Babylonian Captivity in 536 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "II Chronicles", + "2 Chronicles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of two Old Testament books telling the history of Judah and Israel until the return from the Babylonian Captivity in 536 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ezra", + "Book of Ezra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling of a rabbi's efforts in the 5th century BC to reconstitute Jewish law and worship in Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nehemiah", + "Book of Nehemiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling how a Jewish official at the court of Artaxerxes I in 444 BC became a leader in rebuilding Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esther", + "Book of Esther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling of a beautiful Jewess who became queen of Persia and saved her people from massacre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Job", + "Book of Job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in the Old Testament containing Job's pleas to God about his afflictions and God's reply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psalms", + "Book of Psalms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book consisting of a collection of 150 Psalms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proverbs", + "Book of Proverbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book consisting of proverbs from various Israeli sages (including Solomon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ecclesiastes", + "Book of Ecclesiastes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book consisting of reflections on the vanity of human life; is traditionally attributed to Solomon but probably was written about 250 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Song of Songs", + "Song of Solomon", + "Canticle of Canticles", + "Canticles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book consisting of a collection of love poems traditionally attributed to Solomon but actually written much later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isaiah", + "Book of Isaiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book consisting of Isaiah's prophecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeremiah", + "Book of Jeremiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in the Old Testament containing the oracles of the prophet Jeremiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamentations", + "Book of Lamentations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book lamenting the desolation of Judah after the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BC; traditionally attributed to the prophet Jeremiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ezekiel", + "Ezechiel", + "Book of Ezekiel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book containing Ezekiel's prophecies of the downfall of Jerusalem and Judah and their subsequent restoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daniel", + "Book of Daniel", + "Book of the Prophet Daniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book that tells of the apocalyptic visions and the experiences of Daniel in the court of Nebuchadnezzar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hosea", + "Book of Hosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Hosea's prophecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joel", + "Book of Joel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Joel's prophecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amos", + "Book of Amos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Amos's prophecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Obadiah", + "Abdias", + "Book of Obadiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Obadiah's prophecies; the shortest book in the Christian Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonah", + "Book of Jonah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in the Old Testament that tells the story of Jonah and the whale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micah", + "Micheas", + "Book of Micah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling the prophecies of Micah foretelling the destruction of Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nahum", + "Book of Nahum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Nahum's prophecy of the fall of Nineveh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Habakkuk", + "Habacuc", + "Book of Habakkuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling Habakkuk's prophecies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zephaniah", + "Sophonias", + "Book of Zephaniah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling the prophecies of Zephaniah which are concerned mainly with the approaching judgment by God upon the sinners of Judah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haggai", + "Aggeus", + "Book of Haggai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling the prophecies of Haggai which are concerned mainly with rebuilding the temples after the Babylonian Captivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zechariah", + "Zacharias", + "Book of Zachariah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book telling the prophecies of Zechariah which are concerned mainly with the renewal of Israel after the Babylonian Captivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malachi", + "Malachias", + "Book of Malachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Old Testament book containing the prophecies of Malachi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matthew", + "Gospel According to Matthew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Gospels in the New Testament; includes the Sermon on the Mount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mark", + "Gospel According to Mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shortest of the four Gospels in the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luke", + "Gospel of Luke", + "Gospel According to Luke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four Gospels in the New Testament; contains details of Jesus's birth and early life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John", + "Gospel According to John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last of the four Gospels in the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acts of the Apostles", + "Acts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of the New Testament written in the form of a letter from an Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans", + "Epistle to the Romans", + "Romans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians", + "First Epistle to the Corinthians", + "I Corinthians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing the first epistle from Saint Paul to the church at Corinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians", + "Second Epistle to the Corinthians", + "II Corinthians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing the second epistle from Saint Paul to the church at Corinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Galatians", + "Epistle to the Galatians", + "Galatians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing the epistle from Saint Paul to the Galatians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Ephesians", + "Epistle to the Ephesians", + "Ephesians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing the epistle from Saint Paul to the Ephesians which explains the divine plan for the world and the consummation of this in Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Philippians", + "Epistle to the Philippians", + "Philippians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing an epistle from Saint Paul to the church at Philippi in Macedonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians", + "Epistle to the Colossians", + "Colossians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing an epistle from Saint Paul to the Colossians in ancient Phrygia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Thessalonians", + "First Epistle to the Thessalonians", + "I Thessalonians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing Saint Paul's first epistle to the Thessalonians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Thessalonians", + "Second Epistle to the Thessalonians", + "II Thessalonians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing Saint Paul's second epistle to the Thessalonians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Timothy", + "First Epistle to Timothy", + "I Timothy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing Saint Paul's first epistle to Timothy; contains advice on pastoral matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Timothy", + "Second Epistle to Timothy", + "II Timothy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing Saint Paul's second epistle to Timothy; contains advice on pastoral matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Titus", + "Epistle to Titus", + "Titus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing Saint Paul's epistle to Titus; contains advice on pastoral matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Philemon", + "Epistle to Philemon", + "Philemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book containing an epistle from Saint Paul to Philemon asking Philemon to forgive the slave for escaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle to the Hebrews", + "Hebrews" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book traditionally included among the epistle of Saint Paul but now generally considered not to have been written by him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of James", + "James" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book attributed to Saint James the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Epistle of Peter", + "I Peter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first New Testament book traditionally attributed to Saint Peter the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Epistle of Peter", + "II Peter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second New Testament book traditionally attributed to Saint Peter the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Epistle of John", + "I John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first New Testament epistle traditionally attributed to Saint John the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Epistel of John", + "II John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second New Testament epistle traditionally attributed to Saint John the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Third Epistel of John", + "III John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third New Testament epistle traditionally attributed to Saint John the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epistle of Jude", + "Jude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Testament book attributed to Saint Jude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revelation", + "Revelation of Saint John the Divine", + "Apocalypse", + "Book of Revelation" + ], + "it": [ + "apocalisse", + "apocalissi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last book of the New Testament; contains visionary descriptions of heaven and of conflicts between good and evil and of the end of the world; attributed to Saint John the Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family Bible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large Bible with pages to record marriages and births" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Septuagint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest Greek version of the Old Testament; said to have been translated from the Hebrew by Jewish scholars at the request of Ptolemy II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vulgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Latin edition of the Bible translated from Hebrew and Greek mainly by St. Jerome at the end of the 4th century; as revised in 1592 it was adopted as the official text for the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Douay Bible", + "Douay Version", + "Douay-Rheims Bible", + "Douay-Rheims Version", + "Rheims-Douay Bible", + "Rheims-Douay Version" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English translation of the Vulgate by Roman Catholic scholars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Authorized Version", + "King James Version", + "King James Bible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English translation of the Bible published in 1611" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revised Version" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British revision of the Authorized Version" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New English Bible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern English version of the Bible and Apocrypha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Standard Version", + "American Revised Version" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revised version of the King James Version" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revised Standard Version" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revision of the American Standard Version" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Testament" + ], + "it": [ + "A.T.", + "Antico Testamento", + "Vecchio Testamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of books comprising the sacred scripture of the Hebrews and recording their history as the chosen people; the first half of the Christian Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torah", + "Pentateuch", + "Laws" + ], + "it": [ + "Pentateuco", + "torà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the whole body of the Jewish sacred writings and tradition including the oral tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanakh", + "Tanach", + "Hebrew Scripture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Jewish scriptures which consist of three divisions--the Torah and the Prophets and the Writings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prophets", + "Nebiim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haftorah", + "Haftarah", + "Haphtorah", + "Haphtarah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short selection from the Prophets read on every Sabbath in a Jewish synagogue following a reading from the Torah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hagiographa", + "Ketubim", + "Writings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Testament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two main parts of the Christian Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Testament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of books of the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, the Pauline and other epistles, and Revelation; composed soon after Christ's death; the second half of the Christian Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gospel", + "Gospels", + "evangel" + ], + "it": [ + "evangelo", + "vangelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the four books in the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that tell the story of Christ's life and teachings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synoptic Gospels", + "Synoptics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first three Gospels which describe events in Christ's life from a similar point of view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Word of God" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the message of the Gospel of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Book of Mormon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sacred text revealed to Joseph Smith in 1830 by an ancient prophet Mormon; supposedly a record of ancient peoples of America translated by Joseph Smith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed text used in praying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agnus Dei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liturgical prayer beginning with these Latin words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angelus" + ], + "it": [ + "Angelus", + "angelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer said 3 times a day by Roman Catholics in memory of the Annunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ave Maria", + "Hail Mary" + ], + "it": [ + "ave", + "avemaria", + "avemmaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salutation to the Virgin Mary now used in prayers to her" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canticle of Simeon", + "Nunc dimittis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prayer of Simeon (Luke 2:29-32)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evening Prayer", + "evensong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Anglican Church) a daily evening service with prayers prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kol Nidre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opening prayer on the eve of Yom Kippur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book setting forth the forms of church service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Book of Common Prayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Anglican service book of the Church of England; has had several revisions since the Reformation and is widely admired for the dignity and beauty of its language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Litany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer consisting of a series of invocations by the priest with responses from the congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord's Prayer" + ], + "it": [ + "Padrenostro", + "padre nostro", + "padrenostro", + "paternostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prayer that Christ gave his disciples in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 6:9-13)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paternoster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the Lord's Prayer in Latin; translates as `our father'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apocrypha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "14 books of the Old Testament included in the Vulgate (except for II Esdras) but omitted in Jewish and Protestant versions of the Bible; eastern Christian churches (except the Coptic Church) accept all these books as canonical; the Russian Orthodox Church accepts these texts as divinely inspired but does not grant them the same status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Additions to Esther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of text added to the Book of Esther" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Children" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of text added to the Book of Daniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Susanna", + "Book of Susanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of text added to the Book of Daniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bel and the Dragon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of text added to the Book of Daniel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baruch", + "Book of Baruch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book ascribed to Baruch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Letter of Jeremiah", + "Epistle of Jeremiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of a letter ascribed to Jeremiah to the Jews in exile in Babylon warning them against idolatry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tobit", + "Book of Tobit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book that was a popular novel for several centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judith", + "Book of Judith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book telling how Judith saved her people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I Esdra", + "1 Esdras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting of a compilation from I Chronicles and II Chronicles and Ezra and Nehemiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "II Esdras", + "2 Esdras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book of angelic revelations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ben Sira", + "Sirach", + "Ecclesiasticus", + "Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book mainly of maxims (resembling Proverbs in that respect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wisdom of Solomon", + "Wisdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book consisting mainly of a meditation on wisdom; although ascribed to Solomon it was probably written in the first century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I Maccabees", + "1 Maccabees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book describing the life of Judas Maccabaeus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "II Maccabees", + "2 Maccabees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apocryphal book describing the life of Judas Maccabaeus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapiential book", + "wisdom book", + "wisdom literature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the biblical books (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus) that are considered to contain wisdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudepigrapha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "52 texts written between 200 BC and AD 200 but ascribed to various prophets and kings in the Hebrew scriptures; many are apocalyptic in nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koran", + "Quran", + "al-Qur'an", + "Book" + ], + "it": [ + "Corano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the sections (or chapters) in the Koran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fatiha", + "Fatihah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first or opening sura of the Quran which is the central prayer of Islam and is used on all special occasions as well as during the five daily prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talmudic literature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) ancient rabbinical writings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talmud" + ], + "it": [ + "Talmud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of ancient rabbinic writings on Jewish law and tradition (the Mishna and the Gemara) that constitute the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gemara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second part of the Talmud consisting primarily of commentary on the Mishna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mishna", + "Mishnah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first part of the Talmud; a collection of early oral interpretations of the scriptures that was compiled about AD 200" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haggadah", + "Haggada", + "Hagada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Talmudic literature that does not deal with law but is still part of Jewish tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halakah", + "Halaka", + "Halacha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Talmudic literature that deals with law and with the interpretation of the laws on the Hebrew Scriptures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanskrit literature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu literature written in Sanskrit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hastinapura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two classical Hindu epics; a great collection of poetry worked into and around a central heroic narrative (eight times as large as the Iliad and Odyssey combined)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of 18 works written between the first and 11th centuries and incorporating legends and speculative histories of the universe and myths and customary observances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramayana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two classical Hindu epics telling of the banishment of Rama from his kingdom and the abduction of his wife by a demon and Rama's restoration to the throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tantra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a fairly recent class of Hindu or Buddhist religious literature concerned with ritual acts of body and speech and mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vedic literature", + "Veda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from the Sanskrit word for `knowledge') any of the most ancient sacred writings of Hinduism written in early Sanskrit; traditionally believed to comprise the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samhita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four collections of sacred texts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rig-Veda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Veda consisting of a collection of Hindu poems dating from before 2000 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sama-Veda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of mantras and tunes for use with the Rig-Veda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atharva-Veda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of mantras and formulas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yajur-Veda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of sacrificial formulas and prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahmana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prose works attached to the Samhitas instructing the bahmins to perform the very elaborate sacrificial rituals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aranyaka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treatise resembling a Brahmana but to be read or expounded by anchorites in the quiet of the forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vedanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Vedic texts from the fifth and fourth centuries BC dealing with phonetics and ritual injunctions and linguistics and grammar and etymology and lexicography and prosody and astronomy and astrology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ayurveda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Sanskrit) an ancient medical treatise summarizing the Hindu art of healing and prolonging life; sometimes regarded as a 5th Veda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upanishad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a later sacred text of Hinduism of a mystical nature dealing with metaphysical questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Sanskrit) literally a `sacred utterance' in Vedism; one of a collection of orally transmitted poetic hymns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psalm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sacred song used to praise the deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psalm" + ], + "it": [ + "salmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 150 lyrical poems and prayers that comprise the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament; said to have been written by David" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summary", + "sum-up" + ], + "it": [ + "abregé", + "abrégé", + "breviario", + "compendio", + "condensato", + "outline", + "prospetto", + "riassunto", + "ricapitolazione", + "riconto", + "riepilogazione", + "ristretto", + "sintesi", + "sommario", + "summary", + "sunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summarization", + "summarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of preparing a summary (or an instance thereof); stating briefly and succinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argument", + "literary argument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary that enumerates the main parts of a topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compendium" + ], + "it": [ + "breviario", + "compendio", + "epitome", + "sommario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concise but comprehensive summary of a larger work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensation", + "abridgement", + "abridgment", + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "compendio", + "edizione ridotta", + "riduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shortened version of a written work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overall summary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curriculum vitae", + "CV", + "resume" + ], + "it": [ + "curriculum", + "curriculum vitae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary of your academic and work history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line score" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary of the scoring in a game (usually in tabular form)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condensed written summary or abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apercu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short synopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epitome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief abstract (as of an article or book)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outline", + "synopsis", + "abstract", + "precis" + ], + "it": [ + "estratto", + "riassunto", + "sinossi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overview" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general summary of a subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapitulation", + "recap", + "review" + ], + "it": [ + "riassunto", + "ricapitolazione", + "riepilogamento", + "riepilogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary at the end that repeats the substance of a longer discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summary list; as in e.g. \"a news roundup\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch", + "survey", + "resume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short descriptive summary (of events)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summation", + "summing up", + "rundown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concluding summary (as in presenting a case before a law court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "document", + "written document", + "papers" + ], + "it": [ + "atto", + "documento", + "carta", + "incartamento", + "scrittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)" + ], + "it": [ + "scritto in cui si convalida o certifica un fatto, una condizione, una dichiarazione e simili, specialmente in ambito giudiziario o burocratico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articles of incorporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document that creates a corporation; it is filed with a state by the founders of a corporation and is governed by the laws of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document listing the alternatives that is used in voting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brevet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document entitling a commissioned officer to hold a higher rank temporarily (but without higher pay)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document containing the terms of surrender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certificate", + "certification", + "credential", + "credentials" + ], + "it": [ + "attestato", + "attestazione", + "certificato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charter" + ], + "it": [ + "carta", + "statuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights; includes the articles of incorporation and the certificate of incorporation" + ], + "it": [ + "atto che contiene norme fondamentali e principi generali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial document", + "commercial instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document of or relating to commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written document acknowledging an offense and signed by the guilty party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the document that spells out the belief system of a given church (especially the Reformation churches of the 16th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augsburg Confession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the document drawn up in 1555 to defend the catholicity of Lutheran doctrine and to justify innovations in Lutheran practice; is still in effect today" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copula", + "copulative", + "linking verb" + ], + "it": [ + "copula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equating verb (such as `be' or `become') that links the subject with the complement of a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequentative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verb form that serves to express frequent repetition of an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyright", + "right of first publication" + ], + "it": [ + "copyright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclosure", + "inclosure" + ], + "it": [ + "all.", + "allegato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (usually a supporting document) that is enclosed in an envelope with a covering letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "bollettino", + "bullettino", + "formulario", + "modulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed document with spaces in which to write" + ], + "it": [ + "un documento stampato con opportuni spazi dove scrive. \"ho riempito il modulo delle tasse\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application form" + ], + "it": [ + "modulo di domanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form to use when making an application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim form" + ], + "it": [ + "modulo di richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form to use when filing a claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order form" + ], + "it": [ + "modulo di ordinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form to use when placing an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "questionnaire" + ], + "it": [ + "questionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form containing a set of questions; submitted to people to gain statistical information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personality inventory", + "personality assessment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a questionnaire that is supposed to yield a description of a person's personality traits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-report personality inventory", + "self-report inventory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personality inventory in which a person is asked which of a list of traits and characteristics describe her or him or to indicate which behaviors and hypothetical choices he or she would make" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California Personality Inventory", + "CPI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-report personality inventory originally derived from the MMPI; consists of several hundred yes-no questions and yields scores on a number of scales including dominance and self acceptance and self control and socialization and achievement etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eysenck Personality Inventory", + "EPI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-report personality inventory based on Hans Eysenck's factor analysis of personality which assumes three basic factors (the two most important being extraversion to introversion and neuroticism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory", + "MMPI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-report personality inventory consisting of 550 items that describe feelings or actions which the person is asked to agree with or disagree with; many scales estimating traits and qualities of personality have been developed using MMPI items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire", + "16 PF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-report personality inventory developed by Raymond B. Cattell to measure the 16 personality dimensions that emerged from his factor analysis of a wide range of traits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requisition", + "requisition form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official form on which a request in made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form to use when paying your taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraph form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form to use when sending a telegram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absentee ballot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(election) a ballot that is cast while absent (usually mailed in prior to election day)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certificate of incorporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state approval of the articles of incorporation of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank charter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charter authorizing the operation of a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magna Carta", + "Magna Charta", + "The Great Charter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal charter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charter granted by the sovereign (especially in Great Britain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card", + "identity card" + ], + "it": [ + "carta d'identità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card certifying the identity of the bearer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donor card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card that you carry on your person and that authorizes the use of your organs for transplantation after your death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keycard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plastic card that has a magnetically coded strip that is scanned in order to operate a mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membership card" + ], + "it": [ + "tessera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card certifying membership in an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union card" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tessera del sindacato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card certifying membership in a labor union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library card", + "borrower's card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card certifying the bearer's right to use the library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ration card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card certifying the bearer's right to purchase rationed goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy of the official document giving details of a person's birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diploma", + "sheepskin" + ], + "it": [ + "diploma", + "licenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document certifying the successful completion of a course of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Higher National Diploma", + "HND" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diploma given for vocational training that prepares the student for a career in a particular area; good students may progress to a course leading to a degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission", + "military commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official document issued by a government and conferring on the recipient the rank of an officer in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of health" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate saying that a departing ship's company is healthy (to be presented at the next port of arrival)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document certifying an act of registering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching certificate", + "teacher's certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate saying that the holder is qualified to teach in the public schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal document", + "legal instrument", + "official document", + "instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivative instrument", + "derivative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial instrument whose value is based on another security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futures contract" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto a termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement to buy or sell a specific amount of a commodity or financial instrument at a particular price on a stipulated future date; the contract can be sold before the settlement date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock-index futures" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a futures contract based on a stock index; a bet on the future price of the indexed group of stocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiable instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unconditional order or promise to pay an amount of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list", + "listing" + ], + "it": [ + "elenco", + "lista", + "nota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics)" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di dati registrati uno di seguito all'altro secondo un certo criterio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "item", + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group of things that could be enumerated on a list" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno elemento, dotato di propria denominazione, inserito in un elenco organico, in un complesso omogeneo di dati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agenda item" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the items to be considered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incidental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item that is incidental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory item" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item listed in an inventory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line item" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item in an appropriation bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news item" + ], + "it": [ + "articolo", + "notizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item in a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item on a list or in a sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element after another (as placing a modifier after the word that it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix after the base to which it is attached)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element before another (as placing a modifier before the word it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix before the base to which it is attached)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topicalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) emphasis placed on the topic or focus of a sentence by preposing it to the beginning of the sentence; placing the topic at the beginning of the sentence is typical for English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammunition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that can be used to attack or defend a claim or argument or viewpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief (usually one sentence and usually trivial) news item" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something resembling a fact; unverified (often invented) information that is given credibility because it appeared in print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papyrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document written on papyrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agenda", + "agendum", + "order of business" + ], + "it": [ + "agenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of matters to be taken up (as at a meeting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A-list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of names of specially favored people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the calendar of a court; the list of cases to be tried or a summary of the court's activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order of the day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of business for an assembly on a given day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order paper", + "order book" + ], + "it": [ + "copiacommissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed copy of the order of the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network programming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the schedule of programs to be broadcast on a network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting order", + "card", + "lineup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a list of batters in the order in which they will bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanup", + "cleanup position", + "cleanup spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the fourth position in the batting order (usually filled by the best batter on the team)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliography" + ], + "it": [ + "bibliografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of writings with time and place of publication (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to in preparing a document etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of particulars (as a playbill or bill of fare)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of goods received at a customhouse for export or import" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consignment of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacklist", + "black book", + "shitlist" + ], + "it": [ + "lista nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of people who are out of favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar" + ], + "it": [ + "calendario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list or register of events (appointments or social events or court cases etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calorie chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of foods and information about their caloric content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete list of saints that have been recognized by the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalog", + "catalogue" + ], + "it": [ + "catalogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete list of things; usually arranged systematically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a descriptive catalog of musical recordings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library catalog", + "library catalogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enumeration of all the resources of a library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card catalog", + "card catalogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a library catalog in which each publication is described on a separate file card" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parts catalog", + "parts catalogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list advertising parts for machinery along with prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed catalog", + "seed catalogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list advertising seeds and their prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered list of characters that are used together in writing or printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checklist" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "lista di controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of items (names or tasks etc.) to be checked or consulted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class list", + "honours list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list issued by examiners that categorizes students according to the class of honours they achieved in their degree examinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clericalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of supporting the influence and power of the clergy in secular or political matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official list of chemicals or medicines etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contents", + "table of contents" + ], + "it": [ + "indice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of divisions (chapters or articles) and the pages on which they start" + ], + "it": [ + "elenco, accompagnato dal numero di pagina, dei capitoli di cui è composto un libro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrigenda" + ], + "it": [ + "errata corrige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of printing errors in a book along with their corrections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of acknowledgements of those who contributed to the creation of a film (usually run at the end of the film)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal record", + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "fedina", + "precedenti", + "precedenti penali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directory" + ], + "it": [ + "directory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a listing of the files stored in memory (usually on a hard disk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "list of names to whom a communication should be sent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdirectory" + ], + "it": [ + "sottodirectory", + "sotto-directory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a directory that is listed in another directory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enumeration", + "numbering" + ], + "it": [ + "elencazione", + "enumerazione", + "numerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numbered list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "FAQ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of questions that are frequently asked (about a given topic) along with their answers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of commodities that are not subject to tariffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of groceries to be purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery list", + "shopping list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of heterogenous items that someone wants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of victims to be eliminated (as by murder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ranked list of the songs that are most popular at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concordance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index of all main words in a book along with their immediate contexts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of words or phrases that explain symbols or abbreviations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word that is used as a pattern to decode an encrypted message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of answers to a test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parts inventory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inventory of replacement parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory", + "stock list" + ], + "it": [ + "inventario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed list of all the items in stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailing list" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzario", + "mailing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of names and addresses to which advertising material is mailed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menu", + "bill of fare", + "card", + "carte du jour", + "carte" + ], + "it": [ + "menù", + "menu", + "carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of dishes available at a restaurant" + ], + "it": [ + "lista dei cibi e delle bevande che viene presentata nei ristoranti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masthead", + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a listing printed in all issues of a newspaper or magazine (usually on the editorial page) that gives the name of the publication and the names of the editorial staff, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menu", + "computer menu" + ], + "it": [ + "menù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a list of options available to a computer user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop-down menu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a menu of options that appears below the item when the computer user clicks on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarchical menu", + "cascading menu", + "submenu" + ], + "it": [ + "sottomenu", + "menu a cascata", + "menu gerarchico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary menu that appears while you are holding the cursor over an item on the primary menu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of people who died recently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playlist", + "play list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of musical selections for performance or for broadcast by radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portfolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of the financial assets held by an individual or a bank or other financial institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bookkeeping) a listing on the company's records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price list" + ], + "it": [ + "listino", + "listino dei prezzi", + "listino prezzi", + "preziario", + "prezzario", + "tariffario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a listing of prices for different goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push-down list", + "push-down stack", + "stack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(information processing) an ordered list of tasks to be performed or messages to be transmitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "roster" + ], + "it": [ + "elenco", + "ruolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of names" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death-roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of persons killed in a war or other disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schedule" + ], + "it": [ + "orario", + "rolino", + "ruolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopping list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of items to be purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short list", + "shortlist" + ], + "it": [ + "graduatoria finale", + "rosa dei candidati", + "rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of applicants winnowed from a longer list who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of those who are ill (e.g. on a warship or in a regiment etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate", + "ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "lista", + "lista dei candidati", + "lista di candidati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of candidates nominated by a political party to run for election to public offices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered listing of scores or results showing the relative positions of competitors (individuals or teams) in a sporting event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish list" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of events that you wish would occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timetable" + ], + "it": [ + "orario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schedule of times of arrivals and departures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timetable" + ], + "it": [ + "orario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schedule listing events and the times at which they will take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muster roll" + ], + "it": [ + "matricola", + "ruolo", + "ruolo dell'equipaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of names of officers and men in a military unit or ship's company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a list of the members of church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rota" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tabella dei turni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roster of names showing the order in which people should perform certain duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waiting list" + ], + "it": [ + "lista d'attesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roster of those waiting to obtain something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "a la carte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a menu having individual dishes listed with separate prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prix fixe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a menu listing fixed meals at fixed prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table d'hote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a menu offering a complete meal with limited choices at a fixed price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabet" + ], + "it": [ + "alfabeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character set that includes letters and is used to write a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman alphabet", + "Latin alphabet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alphabet evolved by the ancient Romans which serves for writing most of the languages of western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebrew alphabet", + "Hebraic alphabet", + "Hebrew script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Semitic alphabet used since the 5th century BC for writing the Hebrew language (and later for writing Yiddish and Ladino)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek alphabet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alphabet used by ancient Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrillic alphabet", + "Cyrillic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabet derived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages (Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and some other Slavic languages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabic alphabet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alphabet of 28 characters derived from Aramaic and used for writing Arabic languages (and borrowed for writing Urdu)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphanumerics", + "alphanumeric characters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character set that includes letters and digits and punctuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonetic alphabet", + "sound alphabet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabet of characters intended to represent specific sounds of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visible speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phonetic alphabet invented by Melville Bell in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manual alphabet", + "finger alphabet" + ], + "it": [ + "dattilologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabet used by the deaf; letters are represented by finger positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passport" + ], + "it": [ + "passaporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document issued by a country to a citizen allowing that person to travel abroad and re-enter the home country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent", + "patent of invention" + ], + "it": [ + "brevetto", + "brevetto di invenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention" + ], + "it": [ + "documento che garantisce a un inventore alcuni diritti relativi allo sfruttamento economici di una invenzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platform", + "political platform", + "political program", + "program" + ], + "it": [ + "piattaforma", + "programma", + "programma politico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document stating the aims and principles of a political party" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme dei principi e degli obiettivi su cui si fonda l'azione di un partito o di un governo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorsed policy in the platform of a political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship's papers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official papers which a ship is legally required to have; related to ownership, cargo, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customs document listing the contents put on a ship or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push-down queue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue in which the last item to go in is the first item to come out (LIFO)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadaster", + "cadastre" + ], + "it": [ + "catasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public register showing the details of ownership and value of land; made for the purpose of taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written record", + "written account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written document preserving knowledge of facts or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blotter", + "day book", + "police blotter", + "rap sheet", + "charge sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the daily written record of events (as arrests) in a police station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casebook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in which detailed written records of a case are kept and which are a source of information for subsequent work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of events in the order of their occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Domesday Book", + "Doomsday Book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record of a British census and land survey in 1085-1086 ordered by William the Conqueror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dossier" + ], + "it": [ + "dossier", + "fascicolo", + "incartamento", + "inserto", + "pratica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of papers containing detailed information about a particular person or subject (usually a person's record)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an item inserted in a written record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale di bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written record of events on a voyage (of a ship or plane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logbook" + ], + "it": [ + "diario di bordo", + "giornale di bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in which the log is written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written record of messages sent or received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logbook in which all orders concerning the main engines of a ship are recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note" + ], + "it": [ + "annotazione", + "appunto", + "nota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief written record" + ], + "it": [ + "testo redatto in forma sintetica e concisa al fine di tenere a mente qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the written evidence of someone's activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timecard" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card recording an employee's starting and quitting times each work day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of related events arranged in chronological order and displayed along a line (usually drawn left to right or top to bottom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of the hours worked by employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nolle prosequi", + "nol pros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entry in the court record to the effect that the plaintiff or prosecutor will not proceed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notebook entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entry in a notebook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcript", + "copy" + ], + "it": [ + "ricopiatura", + "trascrizione", + "copia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorabilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of things worth remembering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jotting", + "jot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief (and hurriedly handwritten) note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notes written in the margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholium", + "scholia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marginal note written by a scholiast (a commentator on ancient or classical literature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memo", + "memorandum", + "memoranda" + ], + "it": [ + "memorandum", + "memoria", + "promemoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written proposal or reminder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aide-memoire", + "position paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a memorandum summarizing the items of an agreement (used especially in diplomatic communications)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(dated slang) a remarkable or excellent thing or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reminder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that helps you remember something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a register of checks issued (usually in numeric order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register", + "registry" + ], + "it": [ + "albo", + "registro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official written record of names or events or transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "studbook" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "registro di allevamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official record of the pedigree of purebred animals especially horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent-roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a register of rents; includes the names of tenants and the amount of rent they pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "won-lost record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a record of win versus losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a register of persons who are socially prominent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub", + "check stub", + "counterfoil" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice", + "madre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a check that is retained as a record" + ], + "it": [ + "nei moduli costituiti da due elementi separabili, la parte che rimane all'emittente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card", + "scorecard" + ], + "it": [ + "segnapunti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) a record of scores (as in golf)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minutes", + "proceedings", + "transactions" + ], + "it": [ + "resoconto", + "verbale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written account of what transpired at a meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute book" + ], + "it": [ + "libro dei verbali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book in which minutes have been written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congressional Record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a published written account of the speeches and debates and votes of the United States Congress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hansard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official published verbatim report of the proceedings of a parliamentary body; originally of the British Parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file", + "data file" + ], + "it": [ + "archivio", + "fascicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Combined DNA Index System" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the DNA file maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer file" + ], + "it": [ + "file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a file maintained in computer-readable form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backup file" + ], + "it": [ + "file di backup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file dedicated to storing and updating computer backups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary file" + ], + "it": [ + "file binario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file containing machine-readable information that must be read by an application; characters use all 8 bits of each byte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master file", + "main file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file that is used as the authority in a given job and that is relatively permanent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file stored on a magnetic disk and identified by a unique label" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transaction file", + "detail file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file containing relatively transient data about a particular data processing task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input file", + "input data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file that contains data that serve as input to a device or program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file that contains data that are the output of a device or program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read-only file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a file that you can read but cannot change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text file", + "document" + ], + "it": [ + "file di testo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ASCII text file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a text file that contains only ASCII characters without special formatting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug file", + "mug book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file of mug shots (pictures of criminals that are kept on file by the police)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resignation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal document giving notice of your intention to resign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdication", + "stepping down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of abdicating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution", + "declaration", + "resolve" + ], + "it": [ + "decisione", + "delibera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Declaration of Independence" + ], + "it": [ + "Dichiarazione Di Indipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the Colonies from Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint resolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resolution passed by both houses of Congress which becomes legally binding when signed by the Chief Executive (or passed over the Chief Executive's veto)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application" + ], + "it": [ + "domanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school" + ], + "it": [ + "una richiesta scritta o verbale volta all'ottenimento di un qualche beneficio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application for a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application for a line of credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loan application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application to borrow money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgage application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application for a mortgage loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application for sole rights to an invention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "request", + "petition", + "postulation" + ], + "it": [ + "domanda", + "esposto", + "instanzia", + "istanza", + "memoriale", + "petizione", + "richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written statement of facts submitted in conjunction with a petition to an authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitation", + "appeal", + "collection", + "ingathering" + ], + "it": [ + "colletta", + "raccolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request for a sum of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip-round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British) solicitation of money usually for a benevolent purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history", + "account", + "chronicle", + "story" + ], + "it": [ + "cronaca", + "cronistoria", + "memoriale", + "storia", + "resoconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record or narrative description of past events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancient history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a history of the ancient world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymology" + ], + "it": [ + "etimologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a history of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk etymology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular but erroneous etymology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case history" + ], + "it": [ + "anamnesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detailed record of the background of a person or group under study or treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a patient's medical history in which questions are asked in an attempt to find out whether the patient has hereditary tendencies toward particular diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical history", + "medical record", + "anamnesis" + ], + "it": [ + "anamnesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case history of a medical patient as recalled by the patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historical document", + "historical paper", + "historical record" + ], + "it": [ + "documento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing having historical value (as opposed to fiction or myth etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annals", + "chronological record" + ], + "it": [ + "annali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronological account of events in successive years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biography", + "life", + "life story", + "life history" + ], + "it": [ + "biografia", + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account of the series of events making up a person's life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autobiography" + ], + "it": [ + "autobiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biography of yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagiography" + ], + "it": [ + "agiografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biography that idealizes or idolizes the person (especially a person who is a saint)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ], + "it": [ + "profilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biographical sketch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memoir" + ], + "it": [ + "memoriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account of the author's personal experiences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statement", + "financial statement" + ], + "it": [ + "rendiconto", + "resoconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document showing credits and debits" + ], + "it": [ + "documento contabile: un bilancio patrimoniale, un conto profitti e perdite o altro documento che rappresenti dati finanziari ricavati dalle registrazioni contabili di un'impresa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank statement" + ], + "it": [ + "estratto conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic statement prepared by a bank for each client" + ], + "it": [ + "rendiconto preparato dal debitore, cioè la banca, e non dal creditore in cui sono riportate le operazioni di prelievo o deposito relative ad un conto di deposito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill", + "account", + "invoice" + ], + "it": [ + "bolletta", + "bulletta", + "conto", + "fattura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an itemized statement of money owed for goods shipped or services rendered" + ], + "it": [ + "somma di denaro che si deve pagare o riscuotare a compenso di prestazioni e consumi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bill for money owed for electricity used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statement of charges for staying in a hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical bill", + "doctor's bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statement of charges for medical services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phone bill", + "telephone bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statement of charges for telephone service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reckoning", + "tally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bill for an amount due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "money owed for taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "chit", + "tab" + ], + "it": [ + "conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bill in a restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coupon", + "voucher" + ], + "it": [ + "buono", + "cedola", + "certificato", + "coupon", + "stampiglia", + "tagliando", + "talloncino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiable certificate that can be detached and redeemed as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book token" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gift voucher that can be exchanged for books costing up to an amount given on the voucher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meal ticket", + "luncheon voucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coupon redeemable at a restaurant and entitling the holder to a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coupon that allows the holder to purchase two items (as two tickets to a play) for the price of one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto", + "ingresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial document showing that the holder is entitled to something (as to ride on public transportation or to enter a public entertainment)" + ], + "it": [ + "documento commerciale che permette di utilizzare trasporti pubblici o di entrare in vari locali (es. cinema, teatro, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutation ticket", + "season ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonamento", + "tessera", + "biglietto di abbonamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket good for several trips or to attend a season of entertainments; sold at a reduced rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane ticket", + "airplane ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket good for a trip on an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complimentary ticket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer" + ], + "it": [ + "transfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket that allows a passenger to change conveyances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad ticket", + "train ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto del treno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket good for a ride on a railroad train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater ticket", + "theatre ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket good for admission to a theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket good for a ride on a bus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round-trip ticket", + "return ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket to a place and back (usually over the same route)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return ticket (at reduced fare) for traveling both ways in the same day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receipt" + ], + "it": [ + "bolletta", + "bulletta", + "contromarca", + "polizza", + "quetazione", + "quietanza", + "quietazione", + "ricevuta", + "ricevuta fiscale", + "scontrino", + "ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment (usually tangible) that payment has been made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub", + "ticket stub" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torn part of a ticket returned to the holder as a receipt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket stub entitling the holder to admission to a future event if the scheduled event was cancelled due to rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of lading", + "waybill" + ], + "it": [ + "bolla di accompagnamento", + "bolla di accompagnamento merci", + "polizza di carico", + "polizza di carico all'ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a receipt given by the carrier to the shipper acknowledging receipt of the goods being shipped and specifying the terms of delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract" + ], + "it": [ + "atto", + "contratto", + "scrittura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo tra due o piu` persone al fine di iniziare, modificare, terminare,un rapporto giuridico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhesion contract", + "contract of adhesion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract that heavily restricts one party while leaving the other free (as some standard form printed contracts); implies inequality in bargaining power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aleatory contract" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto aleatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract whose performance by one party depends on the occurrence of an uncertain contingent event (but if it is contingent on the outcome of a wager it is not enforceable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilateral contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract involving mutual promises (each party is both promisor and promisee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charter" + ], + "it": [ + "charter", + "noleggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract to hire or lease transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditional contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract whose performance depends on a fact or event that affects legal relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost-plus contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract in which the contractor is paid his total cost plus a stated percentage of profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambling contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract whose performance by one party is contingent on the outcome of a bet; unenforceable by statute in most jurisdictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lease" + ], + "it": [ + "affitto", + "conduzione", + "contratto di affitto", + "leasing", + "locazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract granting use or occupation of property during a specified time for a specified payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage contract", + "marriage settlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prenuptial agreement or contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract in which you promise to deliver your entire output to the other party who promises to accept it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policy", + "insurance policy", + "insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "polizza", + "polizza d'assicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written contract or certificate of insurance" + ], + "it": [ + "il documento che rappresenta il contratto tra assicuratore ed assicurato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchase contract", + "purchase agreement" + ], + "it": [ + "contratto di garanzia e collocamento titoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract stating the terms of a purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quasi contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract created by law for reasons of justice without any expression of assent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requirements contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract in which you agree to purchase all your requirements of a particular sort from one party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealed instrument", + "contract under seal", + "special contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract that is signed and has the (wax) seal of the signer attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract for maintenance services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severable contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract which, in the event of a breach by one of the parties, can be considered as several independent agreements expressed in a single instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcontract" + ], + "it": [ + "riappalto", + "subappalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract assigning to another party some obligations of a prior contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspiracy", + "confederacy" + ], + "it": [ + "complotto", + "congiura", + "cospirazione", + "inganno", + "intrigo", + "maneggio", + "trama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret agreement between two or more people to perform an unlawful act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair-trade agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement (illegal in the United States) between the manufacturer of a trademarked item of merchandise and its retail distributors to sell the item at a price at or above the price set by the manufacturer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspiracy of silence" + ], + "it": [ + "omertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspiracy not to talk about some situation or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Bible) an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unilateral contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-sided agreement whereby you promise to do (or refrain from doing) something in return for a performance (not a promise)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debenture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a certificate or voucher acknowledging a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater", + "floating policy" + ], + "it": [ + "polizza flottante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insurance policy covering loss of movable property (e.g. jewelry) regardless of its location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partnership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract between two or more persons who agree to pool talent and money and share profits or losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articles of agreement", + "shipping articles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract between crew and captain of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concession", + "grant" + ], + "it": [ + "concessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franchise" + ], + "it": [ + "franchigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authorization to sell a company's goods or services in a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor contract", + "labor agreement", + "collective agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract between labor and management governing wages and benefits and working conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-dog contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a labor contract (now illegal) whereby the employee agrees not to join a trade union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment contract", + "employment agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract between employer and employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribution agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract governing the marketing of an item of merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licensing agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract giving someone the legal right to use a patent or trademark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merger agreement", + "acquisition agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract governing the merger of two or more companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale", + "sales agreement" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditional sale" + ], + "it": [ + "vendita con riserva di proprietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale in which the buyer receives title to the property only upon the performance of some condition (usually the full payment of the purchase price)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sale in gross", + "contract of hazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of a tract of land as a whole without a warranty as to the acreage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheriff's sale", + "execution sale", + "judicial sale", + "forced sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sale of property by the sheriff under authority of a court's writ of execution in order satisfy an unpaid obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appraisal", + "estimate", + "estimation" + ], + "it": [ + "perizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overestimate", + "overestimation", + "overvaluation", + "overappraisal" + ], + "it": [ + "sopravalutazione", + "sopravvalutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appraisal that is too high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "purchase order" + ], + "it": [ + "commissione", + "ord.", + "ordinativo", + "ordinazione", + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial document used to request someone to supply something in return for payment and providing specifications and quantities" + ], + "it": [ + "modulo su cui è scritta la richiesta di acquisto e fornitura di una merce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit order", + "bill-me order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order that is received without payment; requires billing at a later date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpaid credit order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indent" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinativo estero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order for goods to be exported or imported" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine senza indicazione di validità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order to a broker to sell or buy stocks or commodities at the prevailing market price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order that initiates the manufacturing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a repeated order for the same merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop order", + "stop-loss order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine con limite di prezzo", + "ordine debordant", + "ordine di acquisto con limite di prezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order to a broker to sell (buy) when the price of a security falls (rises) to a designated level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop payment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depositor's order to a bank to refuse payment on a check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinazione per corrispondenza", + "vendita per corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a purchase negotiated by mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power of attorney" + ], + "it": [ + "procura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal instrument authorizing someone to act as the grantor's agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power of attorney document to transfer ownership of a registered security from the owner to another party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proxy" + ], + "it": [ + "delega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a power of attorney document given by shareholders of a corporation authorizing a specific vote on their behalf at a corporate meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock symbol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the letters used to identify listed companies on the securities exchanges where they are traded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letters of administration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legal document naming someone to administer an estate when no executor has been named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letters testamentary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document from a probate court or court officer informing you of your appointment as executor of a will and empowering you to discharge those responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working papers", + "work papers", + "work permit" + ], + "it": [ + "permesso di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document giving information required for employment of certain people in certain countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "enactment" + ], + "it": [ + "atto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body" + ], + "it": [ + "documento \"atto notarile\" \"atto giudiziario\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law" + ], + "it": [ + "legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity" + ], + "it": [ + "atto dello stato che fissa regole di condotta per la tatalità dei cittadini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is null (especially an enactment that has no legal validity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-drug law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law forbidding the sale or use of narcotic drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-racketeering law", + "Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act", + "RICO Act", + "RICO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law intended to eradicate organized crime by establishing strong sanctions and forfeiture provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitrust legislation", + "antitrust law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law intended to promote free competition in the market place by outlawing monopolies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statute of limitations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute prescribing the time period during which legal action can be taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamental law", + "organic law", + "constitution" + ], + "it": [ + "costituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law determining the fundamental political principles of a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Articles of Confederation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states; it provided a legal symbol of their union by giving the central government no coercive power over the states or their citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Constitution", + "U.S. Constitution", + "US Constitution", + "Constitution", + "Constitution of the United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constitution written at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and subsequently ratified by the original thirteen states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public law" + ], + "it": [ + "P. L." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law affecting the public at large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman law", + "Justinian code", + "civil law", + "jus civile" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal code of ancient Rome; codified under Justinian; the basis for many modern systems of civil law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salic law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the code of laws of the Salian Franks and other German tribes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case law", + "precedent", + "common law" + ], + "it": [ + "consuetudine", + "diritto consuetudinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(civil law) a law established by following earlier judicial decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislation", + "statute law" + ], + "it": [ + "legislazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law enacted by a legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enabling legislation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legislation that gives appropriate officials the authority to implement or enforce the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupational safety and health act", + "federal job safety law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law passed by the United States Congress that created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to prevent employees from being injured or contracting diseases in the course of their employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advice and consent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal expression in the United States Constitution that allows the Senate to constrain the President's powers of appointment and treaty-making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statute book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a record of the whole body of legislation in a given jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation", + "interlingual rendition", + "rendering", + "version" + ], + "it": [ + "traduzione", + "versione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worksheet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of paper recording work planned or done on a project" + ], + "it": [ + "foglio col programma di lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill", + "measure" + ], + "it": [ + "progetto di legge", + "proposta di legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute in draft before it becomes law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriation bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative act proposing to authorize the expenditure of public funds for a specified purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of attainder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative act finding a person guilty of treason or felony without a trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute that would require merchants to reclaim used bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute that would regulate farm production and prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute that would regulate foreign trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bylaw" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinanza locale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule adopted by an organization in order to regulate its own affairs and the behavior of its members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute regulating work on Sundays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue sky law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state law regulating the sale of securities in an attempt to control the sale of securities in fraudulent enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any law that limits freedom of the press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulation intended to manage or preserve game animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestead law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law conferring privileges on owners of homesteads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law providing support for the poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riot Act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former English law requiring mobs to disperse after a magistrate reads the law to them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riot act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigorous reprimand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of law dealing with crimes and their punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ issued by a court of law requiring a person to do something or to refrain from doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decree", + "edict", + "fiat", + "order", + "rescript" + ], + "it": [ + "commessa", + "decreto", + "editto", + "intimazione", + "ordinanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consent decree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement between two parties that is sanctioned by the court; for example, a company might agree to stop certain questionable practices without admitting guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curfew" + ], + "it": [ + "coprifuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order that after a specific time certain activities (as being outside on the streets) are prohibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decree nisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decree issued on a first petition for divorce; becomes absolute at some later date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divestiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order to an offending party to rid itself of property; it has the purpose of depriving the defendant of the gains of wrongful behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperial decree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decree issued by a sovereign ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ukase" + ], + "it": [ + "ucase", + "ukase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edict of the Russian tsar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal separation", + "judicial separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial decree regulating the rights and responsibilities of a married couple living apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pragmatic sanction", + "pragmatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperial decree that becomes part of the fundamental law of the land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "programma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edict that has been publicly posted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prohibition" + ], + "it": [ + "proibizionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prohibition", + "ban", + "proscription" + ], + "it": [ + "divieto", + "proibizione", + "veto", + "vietamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decree that prohibits something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial order forbidding some action until an event occurs or the order is lifted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay of execution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order whereby a judgment is precluded from being executed for a specific period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banning-order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order that bans something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injunction", + "enjoining", + "enjoinment", + "cease and desist order" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a judicial remedy issued in order to prohibit a party from doing or continuing to do a certain activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandatory injunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injunction requiring the performance of some specific act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permanent injunction", + "final injunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injunction issued on completion of a trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporary injunction", + "interlocutory injunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injunction issued during a trial to maintain the status quo or preserve the subject matter of the litigation until the trial is over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brief", + "legal brief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document stating the facts and points of law of a client's case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amicus curiae brief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief presented by someone interested in influencing the outcome of a lawsuit but who is not a party to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "will", + "testament" + ], + "it": [ + "testamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document declaring a person's wishes regarding the disposal of their property when they die" + ], + "it": [ + "documento legale in cui sono espresse le volontà di una persona in cui si dispone delle sue proprietà al momento della sua morte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probate", + "probate will" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial certificate saying that a will is genuine and conferring on the executors the power to administer the estate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codicil" + ], + "it": [ + "codicillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplement to a will; a testamentary instrument intended to alter an already executed will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living will" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document written by someone still legally capable requesting that he should be allowed to die if subsequently severely disabled or suffering terminal illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deed", + "deed of conveyance", + "title" + ], + "it": [ + "atto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document signed and sealed and delivered to effect a transfer of property and to show the legal right to possess it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignment" + ], + "it": [ + "cessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the instrument by which a claim or right or interest or property is transferred from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of sale" + ], + "it": [ + "atto di vendita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deed transferring personal property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deed poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deed made and executed by only one party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfeoffment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "under the feudal system, the deed by which a person was given land in exchange for a pledge of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgage deed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deed embodying a mortgage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title deed" + ], + "it": [ + "atto di proprietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document proving a person's right to property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust deed", + "deed of trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written instrument legally conveying property to a trustee often used to secure an obligation such as a mortgage or promissory note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyance" + ], + "it": [ + "trapasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "document effecting a property transfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quitclaim", + "quitclaim deed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "document transferring title or right or claim to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muniments" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deeds and other documentary evidence of title to land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrant" + ], + "it": [ + "mandato", + "mandato di cattura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ from a court commanding police to perform specified acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search warrant" + ], + "it": [ + "mandato di perquisizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant authorizing law enforcement officials to search for objects or people involved in the commission of a crime and to produce them in court; the warrant describes the locations where the officials may search" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench warrant", + "arrest warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant authorizing law enforcement officials to apprehend an offender and bring that person to court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant to take someone into custody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death warrant" + ], + "it": [ + "sentenza di morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant to execute the death sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachet", + "lettre de cachet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant formerly issued by a French king who could warrant imprisonment or death in a signed letter under his seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprieve" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sospensione dell'esecuzione della condanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant granting postponement (usually to postpone the execution of the death sentence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutation" + ], + "it": [ + "commutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant substituting a lesser punishment for a greater one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax return", + "income tax return", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "denuncia dei redditi", + "dichiarazione dei redditi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "document giving the tax collector information about the taxpayer's tax liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amended return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tax return that corrects the information in an earlier return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaration of estimated tax", + "estimated tax return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return required of a taxpayer whose tax withheld from income does not meet the tax liability for the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect income tax return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return that provides information to the tax collector but does not compute the tax liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return filed by a husband and wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license", + "licence", + "permit" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzazione", + "lasciapassare", + "licenza", + "passi", + "permesso", + "salvacondotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document giving official permission to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building permit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document authorizing the holder to construct a building of a particular kind on a particular lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver's license", + "driver's licence", + "driving license", + "driving licence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license authorizing the bearer to drive a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishing license", + "fishing licence", + "fishing permit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license authorizing the bearer to fish during a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting license", + "hunting licence", + "hunting permit", + "game license" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license authorizing the bearer to kill a certain type of animal during a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learner's permit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document authorizing the bearer to learn to drive an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter of marque", + "letters of marque", + "letter of mark and reprisal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license to a private citizen to seize property of another nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquor license", + "liquor licence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license authorizing the holder to sell alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "on-license" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license to sell liquor for consumption on the premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage license", + "marriage licence", + "wedding license", + "wedding licence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license authorizing two people to marry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupation license", + "occupation licence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a license to pursue a particular occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent", + "letters patent" + ], + "it": [ + "patente", + "lettera patente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official document granting a right or privilege" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opinion", + "legal opinion", + "judgment", + "judgement" + ], + "it": [ + "sentenza", + "verdetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurring opinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion that agrees with the court's disposition of the case but is written to express a particular judge's reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissenting opinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion that disagrees with the court's disposition of the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority opinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the opinion joined by a majority of the court (generally known simply as `the opinion')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pardon", + "amnesty" + ], + "it": [ + "amnistia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrant granting release from punishment for an offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquittance", + "release" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document evidencing the discharge of a debt or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ", + "judicial writ" + ], + "it": [ + "mandato", + "ordinanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a legal document issued by a court or judicial officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient writ issued by a court of assize to the sheriff for the recovery of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certiorari", + "writ of certiorari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common law writ issued by a superior court to one of inferior jurisdiction demanding the record of a particular case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution", + "writ of execution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine court order that attempts to enforce the judgment that has been granted to a plaintiff by authorizing a sheriff to carry it out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execution", + "execution of instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the completion of a legal instrument (such as a contract or deed) by signing it (and perhaps sealing and delivering it) so that it becomes legally binding and enforceable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habeas corpus", + "writ of habeas corpus" + ], + "it": [ + "habeas corpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venire facias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial writ ordering a sheriff to summon people for jury duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandamus", + "writ of mandamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extraordinary writ commanding an official to perform a ministerial act that the law recognizes as an absolute duty and not a matter for the official's discretion; used only when all other judicial remedies fail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ authorizing the seizure of property that may be needed for the payment of a judgment in a judicial proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieri facias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ ordering a levy on the belongings of a debtor to satisfy the debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scire facias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial writ based on some record and requiring the party against whom it is brought to show cause why the record should not be enforced or annulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequestration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ that authorizes the seizure of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ of detinue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ ordering the release of goods that have been unlawfully detained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ of election" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ ordering the holding of an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ of error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial writ from an appellate court ordering the court of record to produce the records of trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ of prohibition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial writ from a higher court ordering a lower court not to exercise jurisdiction in a particular case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writ of right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ ordering that land be restored to its rightful owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate", + "authorization", + "authorisation" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzazione", + "mandato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document giving an official instruction or command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summons", + "process" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subpoena", + "subpoena ad testificandum" + ], + "it": [ + "citazione", + "citazione testimoniale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ issued by court authority to compel the attendance of a witness at a judicial proceeding; disobedience may be punishable as a contempt of court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subpoena duces tecum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writ issued by a court at the request of one of the parties to a suit; it requires a witness to bring to court or to a deposition any relevant documents under the witness's control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court order restricting information or comment by the participants involved in a lawsuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court order to an employer to withhold all or part of an employee's wages and to send the money to the court or to the person who won a lawsuit against the employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdict", + "interdiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court order prohibiting a party from doing a certain activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citation" + ], + "it": [ + "citazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summons that commands the appearance of a party at a proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monition", + "process of monition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summons issued after the filing of a libel or claim directing all parties concerned to show cause why the judgment asked for should not be granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a summons issued to an offender (especially to someone who violates a traffic regulation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speeding ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket issued for driving above the speed limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "multa per sosta vietata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ticket issued for parking in a restricted place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of Particulars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular events to be dealt with in a criminal trial; advises the defendant and the court of the facts the defendant will be required to meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a statement in legal and logical form stating something on behalf of a party to a legal proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmative pleading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any defensive pleading that affirms facts rather than merely denying the facts alleged by the plaintiff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternative pleading", + "pleading in the alternative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleading that alleges facts so separate that it is difficult to determine which facts the person intends to rely on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evasive answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an answer by a defendant that fails to admit or deny the allegations set forth in the complaint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nolo contendere", + "non vult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an answer of `no contest' by a defendant who does not admit guilt but that subjects him to conviction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a defendant's answer by a factual matter (as distinguished from a demurrer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterplea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plaintiff's reply to a defendant's plea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilatory plea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plea that delays the action without settling the cause of action; it can challenge the jurisdiction or claim disability of the defendant etc. (such defenses are usually raised in the defendant's answer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insanity plea", + "plea of insanity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) a plea in which the defendant claims innocence due to mental incompetence at the time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "complaint" + ], + "it": [ + "accusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) a pleading describing some wrong or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(civil law) the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim for relief is based" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the written statement of a plaintiff explaining the cause of action (the defamation) and any relief he seeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defective pleading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any pleading that fails to conform in form or substance to minimum standards of accuracy or sufficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demurrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) any pleading that attacks the legal sufficiency of the opponent's pleadings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebutter", + "rebuttal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading by the defendant in reply to a plaintiff's surrejoinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading made by a plaintiff in reply to the defendant's plea or answer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejoinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading made by a defendant in response to the plaintiff's replication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special pleading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading that alleges new facts in avoidance of the opposing allegations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrebutter", + "surrebuttal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading by the plaintiff in reply to the defendant's rebutter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrejoinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pleading by the plaintiff in reply to the defendant's rejoinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plea bargain", + "plea bargaining" + ], + "it": [ + "patteggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) a negotiation in which the defendant agrees to enter a plea of guilty to a lesser charge and the prosecutor agrees to drop a more serious charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislative act", + "statute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act passed by a legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair-trade act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a state law that protected manufacturers from price-cutting by allowing them to set minimum retail prices for their merchandise; eliminated by the United States Congress in 1975" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stamp Act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act passed by the British Parliament in 1756 that raised revenue from the American Colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documents; opposition by the Colonies resulted in the repeal of the act in 1766" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enabling act", + "enabling clause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a provision in a law that confers on appropriate officials the power to implement or enforce the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act", + "FISA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act passed by Congress in 1978 to establish procedures for requesting judicial authorization for foreign intelligence surveillance and to create the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court; intended to increase United States counterintelligence; separate from ordinary law enforcement surveillance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statute enacted by a city government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative act that applies only to a particular person or particular district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "software", + "software program", + "computer software", + "software system", + "software package", + "package" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first release of a software product that is usually tested only by the developers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authoring language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that can be used to develop interactive computer programs without the technically demanding task of computer programming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that has not yet been released but has received an alpha test and still has more bugs than a regular release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compatible software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that can run on different computers without modification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compatible software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "application software programs that share common conventions so they can be utilized together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer-aided design", + "CAD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software used in art and architecture and engineering and manufacturing to assist in precision drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that is provided without charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groupware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that can be used by a group of people who are working on the same information but may be distributed in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operating system", + "OS" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema operativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DOS", + "disk operating system" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sistema operativo a disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operating system that is on a disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MS-DOS", + "Microsoft disk operating system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operating system developed by Bill Gates for personal computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "UNIX", + "UNIX system", + "UNIX operating system" + ], + "it": [ + "unix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trademark for a powerful operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open-source version of the UNIX operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme", + "computer program", + "computer programme" + ], + "it": [ + "programma di computer", + "programma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute" + ], + "it": [ + "sequenza di istruzioni, rappresentate in un particolare linguaggio, in seguito alle quali un computer esegue determinate operazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-virus program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that checks a computer for viruses and prevents their spread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application", + "application program", + "applications programme" + ], + "it": [ + "applicazione", + "programma applicativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application that is currently running and in the foreground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Java application; an application program that uses the client's web browser to provide a user interface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application that divides the user's display into two or more windows that can be scrolled independently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary", + "binary program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pre-compiled, pre-linked program that is ready to run under a given operating system; a binary for one operating system will not run on a different operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browser", + "web browser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program used to view HTML documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Internet Explorer", + "Explorer", + "IE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Konqueror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freeware browser for Linux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a text browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mosaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freeware browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Netscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial browser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural language processor", + "natural language processing application" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application program that deals with natural language text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disambiguator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a natural language processing application that tries to determine the intended meaning of a word or phrase by examining the linguistic context in which it is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ], + "it": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program application that may consist of several steps but is a single logical unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word processor", + "word processing system" + ], + "it": [ + "word processor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an application that provides the user with tools needed to write and edit and format text and to send it to a printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that performs a series of instructions repeatedly until some specified condition is satisfied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malevolent program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program designed to have undesirable or harmful effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembler", + "assembly program" + ], + "it": [ + "assemblatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program to convert assembly language into machine language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checking program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that examines other computer programs for syntax errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compiler", + "compiling program" + ], + "it": [ + "compilatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C compiler" + ], + "it": [ + "compilatore C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compiler for programs written in C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i70999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fortran compiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compiler for programs written in FORTRAN" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LISP compiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compiler for programs written in LISP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pascal compiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compiler for programs written in Pascal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that helps in locating and correcting programming errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver", + "device driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnostic program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that recognizes and explains faults in the equipment or mistakes in a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editor program", + "editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utility program that organizes the input to a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interface", + "user interface" + ], + "it": [ + "interfaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program that controls a display for the user (usually on a computer monitor) and that allows the user to interact with the system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command line interface", + "CLI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a user interface in which you type commands instead of choosing them from a menu or selecting an icon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphical user interface", + "GUI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a user interface based on graphics (icons and pictures and menus) instead of text; uses a mouse as well as a keyboard as an input device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpreter", + "interpretive program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program that translates and executes source language statements one line at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that is called to prepare each job to be run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program in a program library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkage editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an editor program that creates one module from several by resolving cross-references among the modules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor program", + "monitoring program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that observes and regulates and controls or verifies the operations of a data-processing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) an application that can be used to create and view and edit text files" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object program", + "target program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fully compiled or assembled program ready to be loaded into the computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source program" + ], + "it": [ + "programma sorgente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program written in a language from which statements are translated into machine language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utility program that organizes the output of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that divides code up into functional components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagger", + "tagging program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that attaches labels to the grammatical constituents of textual matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense tagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tagging program whose labels indicate the meanings of words or expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part-of-speech tagger", + "pos tagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tagging program whose labels indicate a word's part of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relocatable program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that can be located in different parts of memory at different times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reusable program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that can be loaded once and executed repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Web Map Service", + "Web Map Server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that produces maps of spatially referenced data dynamically from geographic information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MapQuest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a free, widely-used Web Map Server" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that retrieves documents or files or data from a database or from a computer network (especially from the internet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Google" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely used search engine that uses text-matching techniques to find web pages that are important and relevant to a user's search" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yahoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely used search engine for the web that finds information, news, images, products, finance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ask Jeeves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely used search engine accepting plain English questions or phrases or terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-adapting program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that can change its performance in response to its environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapshot program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trace program that produces output for selected conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider", + "wanderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that prowls the internet looking for publicly accessible resources that can be added to a database; the database can then be searched with a search engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spreadsheet" + ], + "it": [ + "foglio elettronico", + "spreadsheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screen-oriented interactive program enabling a user to lay out financial data on the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sort program", + "sorting program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utility program that sorts data items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stored program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that is stored in the memory of the computer that executes it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervisory program", + "supervisor", + "executive program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that controls the execution of other programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax checker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program to check natural language syntax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system program", + "systems program", + "systems software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program (as an operating system or compiler or utility program) that controls some aspect of the operation of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a utility program that exhibits the sequence and results of executing the instructions in another program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text-matching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer program that looks for text that matches a given text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translator", + "translating program" + ], + "it": [ + "traduttore", + "translatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that translates one programming language into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility program", + "utility", + "service program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a program designed for general support of the processes of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windows" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table of all contingencies and the actions to be taken for each" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow chart", + "flowchart", + "flow diagram", + "flow sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "schema di flusso", + "diagramma di flusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagram of the sequence of operations in a computer program or an accounting system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic diagram", + "logical diagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical representation of a program using formal logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "routine", + "subroutine", + "subprogram", + "procedure", + "function" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoprogramma", + "subroutine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instruction that interrupts the program being executed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call that passes control to a subroutine; after the subroutine is executed control returns to the next instruction in main program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataloged procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of control statements that have been placed in a library and can be retrieved by name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contingency procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alternative to the normal procedure; triggered if an unusual but anticipated situation arises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that writes from an internal store to some external medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that writes from an external source to an internal store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debugged routine that is maintained in a program library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that controls an output device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "random number generator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine designed to yield a random number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recursive routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that can call itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reusable routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that can be loaded once and executed repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervisory routine", + "executive routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that coordinates the operation of subroutines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracing routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that provides a chronological record of the execution of a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility routine", + "service routine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a routine that can be used as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instruction", + "command", + "statement", + "program line" + ], + "it": [ + "istruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logic bomb", + "slag code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of instructions inserted into a program that are designed to execute (or `explode') if a particular condition is satisfied; when exploded it may delete or corrupt data, or print a spurious message, or have other harmful effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trojan", + "trojan horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that appears desirable but actually contains something harmful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virus", + "computer virus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a software program capable of reproducing itself that can spread from one computer to the next over a network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commands that a user types in order to run an application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "link" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) an instruction that connects one part of a program or an element on a list to another program or list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperlink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a link from a hypertext file to another location or file; typically activated by clicking on a highlighted word or icon at a particular location on the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macro", + "macro instruction" + ], + "it": [ + "macroistruzione", + "macro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single computer instruction that results in a series of instructions in machine language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system error" + ], + "it": [ + "errore di sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instruction that is either not recognized by an operating system or is in violation of the procedural rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system call", + "supervisor call instruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instruction that interrupts the program being executed and passes control to the supervisor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any instruction that works first one way and then the other; it turns something on the first time it is used and then turns it off the next time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shareware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that is available free of charge; may be distributed for evaluation with a fee requested for additional features or a manual etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink-wrapped software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software on CD-ROMs that are boxed and shrink-wrapped and sold in stores (implying a widely supported standard platform)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spyware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer software that obtains information from a user's computer without the user's knowledge or consent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervisory software" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specialized programs that reside permanently in the computer's main memory and control the processing of user's programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "software documentation", + "documentation" + ], + "it": [ + "documentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "program listings or technical manuals describing the operation and use of programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic database", + "on-line database", + "computer database", + "electronic information service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a database that can be accessed by computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "database management system", + "DBMS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a software system that facilitates the creation and maintenance and use of an electronic database" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relational database management system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database management system designed to manage a relational database" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object-oriented database management system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database management system designed to manage an object-oriented database" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertext system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database management system that allows strings of text (`objects') to be processed as a complex network of nodes that are linked together in an arbitrary way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publication" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copy of a printed work offered for distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impression", + "printing" + ], + "it": [ + "tiratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the copies of a work printed at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edition" + ], + "it": [ + "edizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limited edition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edition that is restricted to a specific number of copies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variorum", + "variorum edition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edition containing various versions of a text or notes by various scholars or editors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof", + "test copy", + "trial impression" + ], + "it": [ + "bozza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) an impression made to check for errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley proof" + ], + "it": [ + "bozza in colonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proof taken before the type is broken up to print pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundry proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proof taken from a form before duplicate plates are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed impression that is blurred or doubled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collection", + "compendium" + ], + "it": [ + "antologia", + "collana", + "collezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication containing a variety of works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthology" + ], + "it": [ + "antologia", + "crestomazia", + "florilegio", + "poliantea", + "silloge", + "spicilegio", + "fiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of selected literary passages" + ], + "it": [ + "raccolta di passi scelti di autori, in prosa e versi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "album", + "record album" + ], + "it": [ + "raccolta musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one or more recordings issued together; originally released on 12-inch phonograph records (usually with attractive record covers) and later on cassette audiotape and compact disc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concept album" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an album whose recordings are unified by some theme (instrumental or lyrical or narrative or compositional)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "albums of rock music that aspired to the status of art; first appeared in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribute album", + "benefit album" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concept album compiling a performer's work or work supporting some worthy cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divan", + "diwan" + ], + "it": [ + "divano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of Persian or Arabic poems (usually by one author)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florilegium", + "garland", + "miscellany" + ], + "it": [ + "collana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthology of short literary pieces and poems and ballads etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnibus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthology of articles on a related subject or an anthology of the works of a single author" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archives" + ], + "it": [ + "archivio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collection of records especially about an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compilation", + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is compiled (as into a single book or file)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodical" + ], + "it": [ + "periodico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication that appears at fixed intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that summarizes the news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pictorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical (magazine or newspaper) containing many pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series", + "serial", + "serial publication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that appears at scheduled times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiweekly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published twice each week (or 104 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekly" + ], + "it": [ + "ebdomadario", + "eddomadario", + "settimanale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published every week (or 52 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semimonthly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published twice each month (or 24 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monthly" + ], + "it": [ + "mensile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published every month (or 12 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterly" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "periodico trimestrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published every quarter (or four issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimonthly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published twice a month or every two months (either 24 or 6 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biweekly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published twice a week or every two weeks (either 104 or 26 issues per year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ" + ], + "it": [ + "organo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that is published by a special interest group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical published by a business firm for its employees and customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine", + "mag" + ], + "it": [ + "rivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication containing the latest information or tips or predictions for a particular business or stock market information or horse racing results, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dope sheet", + "scratch sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing publication giving information on horses and the outcomes of horse races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colour supplement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British) a magazine that is printed in color and circulated with a newspaper (especially on weekends)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comic book" + ], + "it": [ + "albo", + "giornaletto", + "giornalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magazine devoted to comic strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news magazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magazine devoted to reports of current events; usually published weekly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp", + "pulp magazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexpensive magazine printed on poor quality paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slick", + "slick magazine", + "glossy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magazine printed on good quality paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade magazine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magazine published for and read by members of a particular trade group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "fascicolo", + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series published periodically" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna uscita di una pubblicazione quotidiana o periodica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edition" + ], + "it": [ + "edizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an issue of a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an additional edition of a newspaper (usually to report a crisis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journal" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale", + "rivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical dedicated to a particular subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annals" + ], + "it": [ + "annali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reports of the work of a society or learned body etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodical that publishes critical essays on current affairs or literature or art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a review devoted to literary criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading", + "reading material" + ], + "it": [ + "lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written material intended to be read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumf", + "bumph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reading materials (documents, written information) that you must read and deal with but that you think are extremely boring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perusal", + "perusing", + "poring over", + "studying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reading carefully with intent to remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browse", + "browsing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reading superficially or at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim", + "skimming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reading or glancing through quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message", + "content", + "subject matter", + "substance" + ], + "it": [ + "argomento", + "contenuto", + "oggetto", + "messaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what a communication that is about something is about" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto di un atto comunicativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latent content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) hidden meaning of a fantasy or dream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject", + "topic", + "theme" + ], + "it": [ + "argomento", + "materia", + "oggetto", + "soggetto", + "tasto", + "tema", + "tematica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subject matter of a conversation or discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone of contention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subject of a dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precedent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subject mentioned earlier (preceding in time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "didacticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication that is suitable for or intended to be instructive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digression", + "aside", + "excursus", + "divagation", + "parenthesis" + ], + "it": [ + "divagazione", + "excursus", + "parentesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that departs from the main subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declarative sentence", + "declaratory sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence (in the indicative mood) that makes a declaration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run-on sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ungrammatical sentence in which two or more independent clauses are conjoined without a conjunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topic sentence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meaning", + "significance", + "signification", + "import" + ], + "it": [ + "senso", + "significato", + "valore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the message that is intended or expressed or signified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexical meaning" + ], + "it": [ + "significato lessicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meaning of a content word that depends on the nonlinguistic concepts it is used to express" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammatical meaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meaning of a word that depends on its role in a sentence; varies with inflectional form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolization", + "symbolisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of symbols to convey meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense", + "signified" + ], + "it": [ + "senso", + "accezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word meaning", + "word sense", + "acceptation" + ], + "it": [ + "accezione", + "senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the accepted meaning of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intension", + "connotation" + ], + "it": [ + "connotazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that refers; a term that refers to another term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referent" + ], + "it": [ + "referente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term in a proposition that is related to the referent of the proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referent" + ], + "it": [ + "referente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something referred to; the object of a reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antecedent" + ], + "it": [ + "antecedente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the referent of an anaphor; a phrase or clause that is referred to by an anaphoric pronoun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denotatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actual object referred to by a linguistic expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (whether existing or not) that is referred to by a linguistic expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect", + "essence", + "burden", + "core", + "gist" + ], + "it": [ + "essenza", + "sostanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha and omega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic meaning of something; the crucial part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambiguity" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiguità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loophole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambiguity (especially one in the text of a law or contract) that makes it possible to evade a difficulty or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibology", + "amphiboly" + ], + "it": [ + "anfibologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambiguous grammatical construction; e.g., `they are flying planes' can mean either that someone is flying planes or that something is flying planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parisology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of ambiguous words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphemism" + ], + "it": [ + "eufemia", + "eufemismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inoffensive or indirect expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive or too harsh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysphemism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive or disparaging expression that is substituted for an inoffensive one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shucks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of disappointment or irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double entendre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambiguity with one interpretation that is indelicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intent", + "purport", + "spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intended meaning of a communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral", + "lesson" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaestramento", + "morale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the significance of a story or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuance", + "nicety", + "shade", + "subtlety", + "refinement" + ], + "it": [ + "sfumatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) an ulterior implicit meaning or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the decisive point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crux", + "crux of the matter" + ], + "it": [ + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief version of the essential meaning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rallying point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point or principle on which scattered or opposing groups can come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talking point" + ], + "it": [ + "argomento di conversazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially persuasive point helping to support an argument or discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsense", + "bunk", + "nonsensicality", + "meaninglessness", + "hokum" + ], + "it": [ + "assurdità", + "controsenso", + "eresia", + "idiozia", + "insulsaggine", + "melensaggine", + "stupidaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that seems to convey no meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absurdity", + "absurdness", + "ridiculousness" + ], + "it": [ + "assurdità", + "incongruenza", + "insensatezza", + "non senso", + "nonsenso", + "ridicolaggine", + "stortura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message whose content is at variance with reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphigory", + "nonsense verse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsensical writing (usually verse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balderdash", + "fiddle-faddle", + "piffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trivial nonsense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzzword", + "cant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock phrases that have become nonsense through endless repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobblers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsense; foolish talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fa la", + "fal la" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meaningless syllables in the refrain of a partsong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibberish", + "gibber" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "parole senza senso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unintelligible talking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incoherence", + "incoherency", + "unintelligibility" + ], + "it": [ + "incoerenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsense that is simply incoherent and unintelligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jumble of incoherent speech as sometimes heard in schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jabberwocky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsensical language (according to Lewis Carroll)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummery", + "flummery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meaningless ceremonies and flattery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palaver", + "hot air", + "empty words", + "empty talk", + "rhetoric" + ], + "it": [ + "bla-bla", + "ciancia", + "tiritera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud and confused and empty talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigmarole", + "rigamarole" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of confused and meaningless statements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shmegegge", + "schmegegge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) baloney; hot air; nonsense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff", + "stuff and nonsense", + "hooey", + "poppycock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "senseless talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abracadabra" + ], + "it": [ + "abracadabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gibberish and nonsense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babble", + "babbling", + "lallation" + ], + "it": [ + "balbettamento", + "balbettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gibberish resembling the sounds of a baby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blather", + "blatherskite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foolish gibberish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double Dutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incomprehensible talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill of goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication (written or spoken) that persuades someone to accept something untrue or undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humbug", + "snake oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication (written or spoken) intended to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double talk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "discorsi ambigui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately unintelligible gibberish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jabber", + "jabbering", + "gabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapid and indistinct speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baloney", + "boloney", + "bilgewater", + "bosh", + "drool", + "humbug", + "taradiddle", + "tarradiddle", + "tommyrot", + "tosh", + "twaddle" + ], + "it": [ + "sciocchezze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretentious or silly talk or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullshit", + "bull", + "Irish bull", + "horseshit", + "shit", + "crap", + "dogshit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obscene words for unacceptable behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk", + "bunkum", + "buncombe", + "guff", + "rot", + "hogwash" + ], + "it": [ + "merdata", + "puttanata", + "stronzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unacceptable behavior (especially ludicrously false statements)" + ], + "it": [ + "un'affermazione sciocca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickenshit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false statement that is considered to indicate timidity or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folderol", + "rubbish", + "tripe", + "trumpery", + "trash", + "wish-wash", + "applesauce", + "codswallop" + ], + "it": [ + "baggianata", + "boiata", + "ciarpame", + "citrullaggine", + "cretineria", + "fesseria", + "imbecillaggine", + "immondizia", + "pattume", + "sciocchezza", + "spazzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonsensical talk or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pap", + "pablum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthless or oversimplified ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drivel", + "garbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worthless message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumbo jumbo" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sfilza di paroloni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language or ritual causing, or intending to cause, confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analects", + "analecta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of excerpts from a literary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clipping", + "newspaper clipping", + "press clipping", + "cutting", + "press cutting" + ], + "it": [ + "ritaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excerpt cut from a newspaper or magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinct selection of music from a recording or a compact disc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotation", + "quote", + "citation" + ], + "it": [ + "citazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage or expression that is quoted or cited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigraph" + ], + "it": [ + "epigrafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quotation at the beginning of some piece of writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representation of another person's words in a speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misquotation", + "misquote" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "citazione errata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect quotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movie", + "film", + "picture", + "moving picture", + "moving-picture show", + "motion picture", + "motion-picture show", + "picture show", + "pic", + "flick" + ], + "it": [ + "film", + "pellicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement" + ], + "it": [ + "una forma di spettacolo: \"vanno al cinema ogni sabato sera\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telefilm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that is made to be shown on television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene", + "shot" + ], + "it": [ + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consecutive series of pictures that constitutes a unit of action in a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outtake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scene that is filmed but is not used in the final editing of the film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feature", + "feature film" + ], + "it": [ + "lungo metraggio", + "lungometraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal (full-length) film in a program at a movie theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final edited version of a movie as approved by the director and producer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travelogue", + "travelog" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "documentario di viaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film or illustrated lecture on traveling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home movie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film made at home by an amateur photographer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attraction" + ], + "it": [ + "attrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainment that is offered to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterattraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rival attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collage film" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that juxtaposes different kinds of footage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coming attraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that is advertised to draw customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western", + "horse opera" + ], + "it": [ + "western" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film about life in the western United States during the period of exploration and development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot-'em-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie featuring shooting and violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short subject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief film; often shown prior to showing the feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartoon", + "animated cartoon", + "toon" + ], + "it": [ + "cartone animato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film made by photographing a series of cartoon drawings to give the illusion of movement when projected in rapid sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsreel" + ], + "it": [ + "cinegiornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short film and commentary about current events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "documentary", + "docudrama", + "documentary film", + "infotainment" + ], + "it": [ + "documentario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film or TV program presenting the facts about a person or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinema verite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that shows ordinary people in actual activities without being controlled by a director" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film noir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that is marked by a mood of pessimism, fatalism, menace, and cynical characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pornographic movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peepshow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short pornographic film shown in a small coin-operated booth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first print of a movie after preliminary editing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silent movie", + "silent picture", + "silents" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie without a soundtrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie that apparently takes place at a slower than normal speed; achieved by taking the film at a faster rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(film) a gradual transition from one scene to the next; the next scene is gradually superimposed as the former scene fades out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(film) an immediate transition from one shot to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(film) an abrupt transition from one scene to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immediate transition from one scene to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti Western" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-budget Western movie produced by a European (especially an Italian) film company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talking picture", + "talkie" + ], + "it": [ + "sonoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie with synchronized speech and singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-D", + "3-D", + "3D" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movie with images having three dimensional form or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione", + "rassegna", + "spettacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social event involving a public performance or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast", + "program", + "programme" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmissione", + "programma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio or television show" + ], + "it": [ + "singolo spettacolo radiofonico o televisivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebroadcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadcast that repeated at a later time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news program", + "news show", + "news" + ], + "it": [ + "notiziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program devoted to current events, often using interviews and commentary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program that is broadcast again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk show", + "chat show" + ], + "it": [ + "talk-show", + "talk show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program during which well-known people discuss a topic or answer questions telephoned in by the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phone-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program in which the audience participates by telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television program", + "TV program", + "television show", + "TV show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program broadcast by television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorcast", + "colourcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television program that is broadcast in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot program", + "pilot film", + "pilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program exemplifying a contemplated series; intended to attract sponsors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game show", + "giveaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television or radio program in which contestants compete for awards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiz program" + ], + "it": [ + "telequiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a game show in which contestants answer questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of motion picture film used in a telecast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial", + "series" + ], + "it": [ + "sceneggiato", + "serial", + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serialized set of programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliffhanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an episode that ends in suspense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episode", + "installment", + "instalment" + ], + "it": [ + "episodio", + "puntata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a broadcast serial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustaining program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program without a commercial sponsor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap opera" + ], + "it": [ + "telenovela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serialized program usually dealing with sentimentalized family matters that is broadcast on radio or television (frequently sponsored by a company advertising soap products)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetralogy" + ], + "it": [ + "tetralogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of four related works (plays or operas or novels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio broadcast" + ], + "it": [ + "radiotrasmissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadcast via radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadcast that is carried simultaneously by radio and television (or by FM and AM radio)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecast" + ], + "it": [ + "teletrasmissione", + "trasmissione televisiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegram", + "wire" + ], + "it": [ + "telegramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message transmitted by telegraph" + ], + "it": [ + "messaggio trasmesso tramite il telegrafo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheaper form of telegram sent for delivery the next day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airmail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "letters and packages that are transported by aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that is sent by air transport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface mail" + ], + "it": [ + "posta ordinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that is sent by land or sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registered mail", + "registered post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that is registered by the post office when sent in order to assure safe delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special delivery" + ], + "it": [ + "consegna per espresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that is delivered by a special carrier (for an additional charge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspondence" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondenza", + "carteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication by the exchange of letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamasutra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) an ancient Sanskrit text giving rules for sensuous and sensual pleasure and love and marriage in accordance with Hindu law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sutra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or aphorism in Sanskrit literature or a group of aphoristic doctrinal summaries prepared for memorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter", + "missive" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera", + "missiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written message addressed to a person or organization" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione scritta che si invia a qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter dealing with business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covering letter", + "cover letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter sent along with other documents to provide additional information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile (usually anonymous) letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encyclical", + "encyclical letter" + ], + "it": [ + "enciclica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter from the pope sent to all Roman Catholic bishops throughout the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter that is a piece of fan mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter dealing with personal affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter that is printed in multiple copies and mailed to a list of recipients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open letter" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera aperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of protest; addressed to one person but intended for the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter that is sent successively to several people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastoral" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera pastorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter from a pastor to the congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round robin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter signed by a number of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airmail letter", + "air letter", + "aerogram", + "aerogramme" + ], + "it": [ + "aerogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter sent by air mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epistle" + ], + "it": [ + "epistola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specially long, formal letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "short letter", + "line", + "billet" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short personal letter" + ], + "it": [ + "breve scritto confidenziale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note explaining an absence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love letter", + "billet doux" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera d'amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal letter to a loved one expressing affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead letter", + "dead mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that can neither be delivered nor returned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter of intent" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera d'intenti", + "lettera di intenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any letter expressing an intention to take (or forgo) some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular piece of stiff paper used to send messages (may have printed greetings or pictures)" + ], + "it": [ + "cartoncino, solitamente di forma rettangolare, usato per spedire messaggi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card expressing a birthday greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get-well card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card expressing get-well wishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greeting card" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto d'auguri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card sent to express personal greetings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas card" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto di auguri natalizi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card expressing a Christmas greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card expressing an Easter greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valentine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card sent or given (as to a sweetheart) on Saint Valentine's Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postcard", + "post card", + "postal card", + "mailing-card" + ], + "it": [ + "cartolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card for sending messages by post without an envelope" + ], + "it": [ + "un biglietto per inviare messaggi per posta senza busta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lettercard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a postcard that folds so the message is inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture postcard" + ], + "it": [ + "cartolina illustrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a postcard with a picture on one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathy card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card expressing sympathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mass card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a card sent to a bereaved family that says the sender has arranged for a Mass to be said in memory of the deceased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritual bouquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a card indicating that the sender will perform certain devotional acts on behalf of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acknowledgment", + "acknowledgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement acknowledging something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farewell", + "word of farewell" + ], + "it": [ + "addio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adieu", + "adios", + "arrivederci", + "auf wiedersehen", + "au revoir", + "bye", + "bye-bye", + "cheerio", + "good-by", + "goodby", + "good-bye", + "goodbye", + "good day", + "sayonara", + "so long" + ], + "it": [ + "addio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farewell remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bon voyage", + "send-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized expression of goodwill at the start of a trip or new venture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greeting", + "salutation" + ], + "it": [ + "augurio", + "salutazione", + "saluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well-wishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of good will from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regard", + "wish", + "compliments" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception", + "response" + ], + "it": [ + "accoglienza", + "trattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which something is greeted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enthusiastic greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pax", + "kiss of peace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a greeting signifying Christian love for those assisting at the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome" + ], + "it": [ + "accoglienza", + "ben venuto", + "benvenuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greeting or reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordial reception", + "hospitality" + ], + "it": [ + "ospitalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kindness in welcoming guests or strangers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhospitality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unkind and inconsiderate welcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glad hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm welcome; may be insincere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aloha", + "ciao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment that can be used to say hello or goodbye (aloha is Hawaiian and ciao is Italian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handshake", + "shake", + "handshaking", + "handclasp" + ], + "it": [ + "stretta di mano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasping and shaking a person's hand (as to acknowledge an introduction or to agree on a contract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of greeting with friendly words and gestures like bowing or lifting the hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hello", + "hullo", + "hi", + "howdy", + "how-do-you-do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good morning", + "morning" + ], + "it": [ + "buon dì", + "buon giorno", + "buondì", + "buongiorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional expression of greeting or farewell" + ], + "it": [ + "una espressione convenzionale di saluto o condedo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good afternoon", + "afternoon" + ], + "it": [ + "buona sera", + "buonasera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional expression of greeting or farewell" + ], + "it": [ + "una espressione convenzionale di saluto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good night" + ], + "it": [ + "buona notte", + "buonanotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventional expression of farewell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute", + "military greeting" + ], + "it": [ + "saluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal military gesture of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calling card", + "visiting card", + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "biglietto da visita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed or written greeting that is left to indicate that you have visited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apology" + ], + "it": [ + "scusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mea culpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment of your error or guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condolence", + "commiseration" + ], + "it": [ + "commiserazione", + "condoglianza", + "condoglianze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of sympathy with another's grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congratulation", + "felicitation" + ], + "it": [ + "congratulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of acknowledging that someone has an occasion for celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refusal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message refusing to accept something that is offered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declination", + "regrets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polite refusal of an invitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information", + "info" + ], + "it": [ + "informazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message received and understood" + ], + "it": [ + "un messaggio ricevuto e compreso che riduce l'incertezza del ricevente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misinformation" + ], + "it": [ + "disinformazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that is incorrect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misinformation resulting from the recirculation into the source country of disinformation previously planted abroad by that country's intelligence service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misinformation that is deliberately disseminated in order to influence or confuse rivals (foreign enemies or business competitors etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old material that is slightly reworked and used again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "details", + "inside information" + ], + "it": [ + "informazioni riservate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true confidential information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dope", + "poop", + "the skinny", + "low-down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang terms for inside information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fact" + ], + "it": [ + "fatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record", + "record book", + "book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "format", + "formatting", + "data format", + "data formatting" + ], + "it": [ + "formattazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of information according to preset specifications (usually for computer processing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-level formatting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the format for the root directory and the file allocation tables and other basic configurations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-level formatting", + "initialization", + "initialisation" + ], + "it": [ + "inizializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the format of sectors on the surface of a hard disk drive so that the operating system can access them and setting a starting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "database" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized body of related information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relational database" + ], + "it": [ + "database relazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database in which relations between information items are explicitly specified as accessible attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System", + "MEDLARS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relational database of the United States National Library of Medicine for the storage and retrieval of bibliographical information concerning the biomedical literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object-oriented database" + ], + "it": [ + "database ad oggetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database in which the operations carried out on information items (data objects) are considered part of their definition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdata base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subset of data in a database that are used in a specific application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexical database" + ], + "it": [ + "database lessicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a database of information about words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine readable dictionary", + "MRD", + "electronic dictionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine-readable version of a standard dictionary; organized alphabetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "WordNet", + "Princeton WordNet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a machine-readable lexical database organized by meanings; developed at Princeton University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wordnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the machine-readable lexical databases modeled after the Princeton WordNet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basics", + "rudiments" + ], + "it": [ + "abbiccì", + "abicì", + "rudimenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of fundamental facts or principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index", + "index number", + "indicant", + "indicator" + ], + "it": [ + "indice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body mass index", + "BMI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of someone's weight in relation to height; to calculate one's BMI, multiply one's weight in pounds and divide that by the square of one's height in inches; overweight is a BMI greater than 25; obese is a BMI greater than 30" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statistical compilation that provides a context for economic or financial conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dow Jones", + "Dow-Jones Industrial Average" + ], + "it": [ + "Dow Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator of stock market prices; based on the share values of 30 blue-chip stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "uno degli indici di borsa di Wall Street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Standard and Poor's", + "Standard and Poor's Index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadly based stock market index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 11 indicators for different sections of the economy; used by the Department of Commerce to predict economic trends in the near future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price index", + "price level" + ], + "it": [ + "indice dei prezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index that traces the relative changes in the price of an individual good (or a market basket of goods) over time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retail price index" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "indice dei prezzi al consumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index of changes in retail prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "producer price index", + "wholesale price index" + ], + "it": [ + "indice dei prezzi alla produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index of changes in wholesale prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer price index", + "CPI", + "cost-of-living index" + ], + "it": [ + "indice dei prezzi al consumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an index of the cost of all goods and services to a typical consumer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregate of short sales on an open market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock index", + "stock market index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "index based on a statistical compilation of the share prices of a number of representative stocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news", + "intelligence", + "tidings", + "word" + ], + "it": [ + "notizia", + "novità", + "nuova", + "novella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information about recent and important events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news" + ], + "it": [ + "notizia", + "nuova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal information of any kind that is not previously known to someone" + ], + "it": [ + "nuova informazione di qualsiasi tipo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuts and bolts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detailed practical information about how something works or how something can be accomplished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence", + "intelligence information" + ], + "it": [ + "informazione segreta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secret information about an enemy (or potential enemy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military intelligence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information about the armed forces of another country that is useful in planning and conducting military policy or military operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most recent news or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "update" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "news that updates your information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "evidenza", + "prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication that makes something evident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clue", + "clew", + "cue" + ], + "it": [ + "indizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence that helps to solve a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DNA fingerprint", + "genetic fingerprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA base pairs; often used for evidence in criminal law cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face recognition", + "facial recognition", + "automatic face recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by scanning a person's face and matching it against a library of known faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerprint" + ], + "it": [ + "impronta digitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a print made by an impression of the ridges in the skin of a finger; often used for biometric identification in criminal investigations" + ], + "it": [ + "traccia lasciata dai polpastrelli delle dita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger scan", + "finger scanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by automatically scanning a person's fingerprints electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic pattern of the human fingerprint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fingerprint made by the thumb (especially by the pad of the thumb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footprint", + "footmark", + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "orma", + "passo", + "pedata", + "pesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark of a foot or shoe on a surface" + ], + "it": [ + "impronta lasciata sul terreno da una zampa o da un piede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footprint evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence in the form of footprints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iris scanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by scanning the iris of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signature recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by automatically scanning a person's signature and matching it electronically against a library of known signatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retinal scanning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by scanning the retina of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voiceprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biometric identification by electronically recording and graphically representing a person's voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "indice", + "indizio", + "segno", + "traccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something serving as a sign of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace", + "vestige", + "tincture", + "shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "vestigia", + "vestigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication that something has been present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trace suggesting that something was once present or felt or otherwise important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible mark (as a footprint) left by the passage of person or animal or vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "registrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proof of a mathematical theorem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logical proof" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proof of a logical theorem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstration", + "monstrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proof by a process of argument or a series of proposition proving an asserted conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testimony", + "testimonial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves as evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "testimony by someone who should know" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong evidence for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argument", + "statement" + ], + "it": [ + "argomentazione", + "argomento", + "attestazione", + "ragione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterargument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument offered in opposition to another argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument in favor of a proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "con" + ], + "it": [ + "contro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument opposed to a proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clincher", + "determiner", + "determining factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument that is conclusive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adducing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "citing as evidence or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final statement in a verbal argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attestation" + ], + "it": [ + "attestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the evidence by which something is attested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirmation" + ], + "it": [ + "convalida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that confirms or verifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinforcement", + "reenforcement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that makes more forcible or convincing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "documentation", + "certification", + "corroboration" + ], + "it": [ + "avvaloramento", + "corroborazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confirmation that some fact or statement is true through the use of documentary evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guidance", + "counsel", + "counseling", + "counselling", + "direction" + ], + "it": [ + "direzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career counseling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counseling on career opportunities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynosure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that provides guidance (as Polaris guides mariners)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic counseling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guidance for prospective parents on the likelihood of genetic disorders in their future children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage counseling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counseling on marital problems and disagreements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip", + "lead", + "steer", + "confidential information", + "wind", + "hint" + ], + "it": [ + "consiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication of potential opportunity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insider information" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important information about the plans or condition of a corporation that has not been released to the public; use for personal profit is illegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "prescript" + ], + "it": [ + "norma", + "principio", + "regola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prescribed guide for conduct or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative rule of conduct or procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directions for the conduct of Christian church services (often printed in red in a prayer book)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "rules of order", + "parliamentary law", + "parliamentary procedure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of rules followed by an assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpellation" + ], + "it": [ + "interpellanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(parliament) a parliamentary procedure of demanding that a government official explain some act or policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule of evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a rule of law whereby any alleged matter of fact that is submitted for investigation at a judicial trial is established or disproved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best evidence rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule of evidence requiring that to prove the content of a writing or recording or photograph the original is required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estoppel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule of evidence whereby a person is barred from denying the truth of a fact that has already been settled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclusionary rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that provides that otherwise admissible evidence cannot be used in a criminal trial if it was the result of illegal police conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit of the poisonous tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that once primary evidence is determined to have been illegally obtained any secondary evidence following from it may also not be used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearsay rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that declares not admissible as evidence any statement other than that by a witness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parol evidence rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule that oral evidence cannot be used to contradict the terms of a written contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "res ipsa loquitur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule of evidence whereby the negligence of an alleged wrongdoer can be inferred from the fact that the accident happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine permanente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule of order permanently in force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miranda rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rule that police (when interrogating you after an arrest) are obliged to warn you that anything you say may be used as evidence and to read you your constitutional rights (the right to a lawyer and the right to remain silent until advised by a lawyer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principle", + "precept" + ], + "it": [ + "massima", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule of personal conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "higher law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle that takes precedent over the laws of society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principle that conduct should be moral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden rule" + ], + "it": [ + "regola d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any important rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "GIGO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a rule stating that the quality of the output is a function of the quality of the input; put garbage in and you get garbage out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "categorical imperative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the moral principle that behavior should be determined by duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical imperative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a principle stating the action required to attain a desired goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policy" + ], + "it": [ + "politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic policy" + ], + "it": [ + "politica economica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government policy for maintaining economic growth and tax revenues" + ], + "it": [ + "provvedimenti di un ente amministrativo o di uno stato per favorire lo sviluppo economico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiscal policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government policy for dealing with the budget (especially with taxation and borrowing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic policy of F. D. Roosevelt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "contenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price control" + ], + "it": [ + "calmieramento", + "controllo dei prezzi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restriction on maximum prices that is established and maintained by the government (as during periods of war or inflation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceiling", + "roof", + "cap" + ], + "it": [ + "massimale", + "tetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upper limit on what is allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass ceiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceiling based on attitudinal or organizational bias in the work force that prevents minorities and women from advancing to leadership positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor", + "base" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lower limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floor below which prices are not allowed to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "floor below which wages are not allowed to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perestroika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic policy adopted in the former Soviet Union; intended to increase automation and labor efficiency but it led eventually to the end of central planning in the Russian economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectionism" + ], + "it": [ + "protezionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of imposing duties or quotas on imports in order to protect home industries from overseas competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of for dealing with social issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apartheid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against people who are not Whites; the former official policy in South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glasnost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social policy of reform (especially socioeconomic reform)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmative action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy designed to redress past discrimination against women and minority groups through measures to improve their economic and educational opportunities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence mending" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social action to improve poor relations (especially in politics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade barrier", + "import barrier" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any regulation or policy that restricts international trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quota" + ], + "it": [ + "contingente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a limitation on imports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embargo", + "trade embargo", + "trade stoppage" + ], + "it": [ + "embargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government order imposing a trade barrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nativism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of perpetuating native cultures (in opposition to acculturation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea del partito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of a political group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign policy" + ], + "it": [ + "politica estera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy governing international relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brinkmanship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of pushing a dangerous situation to the brink of disaster (to the limits of safety)" + ], + "it": [ + "strategia del rischio calcolato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperialism" + ], + "it": [ + "imperialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of extending your rule over foreign countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervention", + "interference" + ], + "it": [ + "inframettenza", + "inframmettenza", + "ingerenza", + "intervento", + "intromissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of intervening in the affairs of other countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonintervention", + "noninterference" + ], + "it": [ + "non intervento", + "non-interferenza", + "non interferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foreign policy of staying out of other countries' disputes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonaggression" + ], + "it": [ + "non aggressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of not initiating hostilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifest destiny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of imperialism rationalized as inevitable (as if granted by God)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolationism" + ], + "it": [ + "isolazionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monroe Doctrine" + ], + "it": [ + "Dottrina Monroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American foreign policy opposing interference in the western hemisphere from outside powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truman doctrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralism" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy of neutrality or nonalignment in international affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foreign policy that defines the international interests of a country in terms of particular geographic areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade policy", + "national trading policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government's policy controlling foreign trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-door policy", + "open door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the policy of granting equal trade opportunities to all countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero-tolerance policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any policy that allows no exception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zionism" + ], + "it": [ + "sionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethic", + "ethical code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of principles governing morality and acceptable conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caveat emptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial principle that without a warranty the buyer takes upon himself the risk of quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictate" + ], + "it": [ + "dettame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulation", + "ordinance" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione", + "norma", + "ordinanza", + "regolamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age limit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulation establishing the maximum age for doing something or holding some position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regulation of weights and measures of articles offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed limit" + ], + "it": [ + "limite di velocità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulation establishing the top speed permitted on a given road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon" + ], + "it": [ + "canone", + "canonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field or art or philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiquette" + ], + "it": [ + "buone maniere", + "cerimoniale", + "etichetta", + "galateo", + "rituale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rules governing socially acceptable behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protocol" + ], + "it": [ + "etichetta", + "protocollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forms of ceremony and etiquette observed by diplomats and heads of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protocol", + "communications protocol" + ], + "it": [ + "protocollo", + "protocollo di comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) rules determining the format and transmission of data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file transfer protocol", + "FTP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protocol that allows users to copy files between their local system and any system they can reach on the network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anonymous ftp", + "anonymous file transfer protocol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common way to make software available; users are allowed to log in as `guest' without a password and copy whatever has been made available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertext transfer protocol", + "HTTP" + ], + "it": [ + "http" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protocol (utilizing TCP) to transfer hypertext requests and information between servers and browsers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical instrument digital interface", + "MIDI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard protocol for communication between electronic musical instruments and computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission control protocol", + "TCP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protocol developed for the internet to get data from one network device to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission control protocol/internet protocol", + "TCP/IP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of protocols (including TCP) developed for the internet in the 1970s to get data from one network device to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine point of etiquette or petty formality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closure", + "cloture", + "gag rule", + "gag law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule for limiting or ending debate in a deliberative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closure by compartment", + "guillotine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point of order" + ], + "it": [ + "mozione d'ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a question as to whether the current proceedings are allowed by parliamentary procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code", + "codification" + ], + "it": [ + "codice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of rules or principles or laws (especially written ones)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bushido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traditional code of the Japanese samurai which stressed courage and loyalty and self-discipline and simple living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code of laws adopted by a state or nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penal code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legal code governing crimes and their punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Code", + "U. S. Code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consolidation and codification by subject matter of the general and permanent laws of the United States; is prepared and published by a unit of the United States House of Representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set of standards established and enforced by local government for the structural safety of buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of rules specifying the correct manner of dress while on the premises of the institution (or specifying what manner of dress is prohibited)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set of standards established and enforced by government for fire prevention and safety in case of fire as in fire escapes etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code of silence practiced by the Mafia; a refusal to give evidence to the police about criminal activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitary code", + "health code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set of standards established and enforced by government for health requirements as in plumbing etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Highway Code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the code of rules governing the use of public roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethical or moral code that applies more strictly to one group than to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double standard of sexual behavior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a code that permits greater sexual freedom for men than for women (associated with the subordination of women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equation" + ], + "it": [ + "equazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linear equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polynomial equation of the first degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadratic equation", + "quadratic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equation in which the highest power of an unknown quantity is a square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biquadratic equation", + "biquadratic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equation of the fourth degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differential equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equation containing differentials of a function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxwell's equations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "four differential equations that summarize classical properties of electromagnetic fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial differential equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a differential equation involving a functions of more than one variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schrodinger equation", + "Schrodinger wave equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fundamental equation of wave mechanics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simultaneous equations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of equations in two or more variables for which there are values that can satisfy all the equations simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave equation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a differential equation that describes the passage of harmonic waves through a medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advice" + ], + "it": [ + "avviso", + "consiglio", + "consulenza", + "parere", + "raccomandazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposal for an appropriate course of action" + ], + "it": [ + "avvertimento che si dà a qualcuno per aiutarlo a fare o non fare una cosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommendation" + ], + "it": [ + "raccomandazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (as a course of action) that is indicated as expedient or necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recommendation to consult the (professional) person or group to whom one has been referred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admonition", + "monition", + "warning", + "word of advice" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonimento", + "ammonizione", + "avvertenza", + "avvertimento", + "avviso", + "discorsetto", + "monito", + "preallarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cautionary advice about something imminent (especially imminent danger or other unpleasantness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "example", + "deterrent example", + "lesson", + "object lesson" + ], + "it": [ + "esempio", + "lezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punishment intended as a warning to others" + ], + "it": [ + "avvertimento, consiglio impartito con autorevolezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret", + "arcanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information known only to a special group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret" + ], + "it": [ + "segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that should remain hidden from others (especially information that is not to be passed on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidence" + ], + "it": [ + "confidenza", + "segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret that is confided or entrusted to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esoterica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secrets known only to an initiated minority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabala", + "cabbala", + "cabbalah", + "kabala", + "kabbala", + "kabbalah", + "qabala", + "qabalah" + ], + "it": [ + "cabala", + "cabbala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an esoteric or occult matter resembling the Kabbalah that is traditionally secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open secret" + ], + "it": [ + "segreto di Pulcinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is supposed to be secret but is generally known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "password", + "watchword", + "word", + "parole", + "countersign" + ], + "it": [ + "parola d' ordine", + "password" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade secret" + ], + "it": [ + "segreto commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret (method or device or formula) that gives a manufacturer an advantage over the competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propaganda" + ], + "it": [ + "propaganda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitprop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political propaganda (especially communist propaganda) communicated via art and literature and cinema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course catalog", + "course catalogue", + "prospectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a catalog listing the courses offered by a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source" + ], + "it": [ + "fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document (or organization) from which information is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(patent law) a document drawn up by the applicant for a patent of invention that provides an explicit and detailed description of the nature and use of an invention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source materials" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publications from which information is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document that serves as evidence of some expenditure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working papers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "records kept of activities involved in carrying out a project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well", + "wellspring", + "fountainhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abundant source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material suitable for a journalistic account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy to fill space between more important articles in the layout of a magazine or newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course of study", + "program", + "programme", + "curriculum", + "syllabus" + ], + "it": [ + "piano di studi", + "corso di studi", + "corso di studio", + "programma di studi", + "programma di studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an integrated course of academic studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash course", + "crash program", + "crash programme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid and intense course of training or research (usually undertaken in an emergency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program designed to teach literacy skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degree program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of study leading to an academic degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing", + "printing process" + ], + "it": [ + "impressione", + "stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduction by applying ink to paper as for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typography", + "composition" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione", + "tipografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art and technique of printing with movable type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "availability in printed form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ], + "it": [ + "stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small print", + "fine print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material printed in small type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief printing", + "letterpress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printing from a plate with raised characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intaglio printing", + "intaglio", + "gravure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printing process that uses an etched or engraved plate; the plate is smeared with ink and wiped clean, then the ink left in the recesses makes the print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process printing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of printing colored reproductions from halftone plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photogravure" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoincisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printing from an intaglio plate prepared by photographic methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotogravure" + ], + "it": [ + "rotocalco", + "rotocalcografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printing by transferring an image from a photogravure plate to a cylinder in a rotary press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planographic printing", + "planography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of printing from a surface on which the printing areas are not raised but are ink-receptive (as opposed to ink repellent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collotype", + "collotype printing", + "photogelatin process" + ], + "it": [ + "collotipia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photomechanical printing process that uses a glass plate with a gelatin surface that carries the image to be reproduced; can be used with one or more colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithography" + ], + "it": [ + "litografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of planographic printing from a metal or stone surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photolithography" + ], + "it": [ + "fotolito", + "fotolitografia", + "litofotografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planographic printing process using plates made from a photographic image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromolithography" + ], + "it": [ + "cromolitografia", + "litocromia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "single- or multi-color lithography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photo-offset printing", + "photo-offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a method of offset printing using photomechanical plates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset", + "offset printing" + ], + "it": [ + "litografia", + "offset", + "stampa offset", + "stampa in offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plate makes an inked impression on a rubber-blanketed cylinder, which in turn transfers it to the paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset lithography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offset printing by lithography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letterset printing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "image is transferred from a relief type plate to a roller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbon process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a process of printing on paper coated with bichromated gelatin containing pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "cronaca", + "notizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information reported in a newspaper or news magazine" + ], + "it": [ + "informazione riportata da un media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business news" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "news about businesses and investments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report", + "news report", + "story", + "account", + "write up" + ], + "it": [ + "resoconto", + "relazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short account of the news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsletter", + "newssheet" + ], + "it": [ + "bollettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "report or open letter giving informal or confidential news of interest to a special group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newsletter written by an analyst of the stock market and sold to subscribers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletin" + ], + "it": [ + "bollettino", + "bullettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief report (especially an official statement issued for immediate publication or broadcast)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news bulletin", + "newsflash", + "flash", + "newsbreak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short news announcement concerning some on-going news story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information bulletin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bulletin containing the latest information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "despatch", + "communique" + ], + "it": [ + "dispaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official report (usually sent in haste)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urban legend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story that appears mysteriously and spreads spontaneously in various forms and is usually false; contains elements of humor or horror and is popularly believed to be true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclusive", + "scoop" + ], + "it": [ + "esclusiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a news report that is reported first by one news organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newscast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadcast of news or commentary on the news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio news" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio broadcast of news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sportscast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broadcast of sports news or commentary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television news" + ], + "it": [ + "TG", + "telegiornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television broadcast of news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coverage", + "reporting", + "reportage" + ], + "it": [ + "copertura", + "reportage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the news as presented by reporters for newspapers or radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard news" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "news that deals with serious topics or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft news" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "news that does not deal with serious topics or events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "late news that is inserted into the newspaper at the last minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commitment", + "dedication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that makes a pledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oath", + "swearing" + ], + "it": [ + "giuramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commitment to tell the truth (especially in a court of law); to lie under oath is to become subject to prosecution for perjury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(religion) a solemn declaration that serves the same purpose as an oath (if an oath is objectionable to the person on religious or ethical grounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imparting of news or promises etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee", + "warrant", + "warrantee", + "warranty" + ], + "it": [ + "certificato di diritto di opzione", + "certificato di diritto di sottoscrizione", + "garantia", + "garanzia", + "warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written assurance that some product or service will be provided or will meet certain specifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "surety" + ], + "it": [ + "cauzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guarantee that an obligation will be met" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "acconto", + "anticipo", + "caparra", + "deposito", + "deposito cauzionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a payment given as a guarantee that an obligation will be met" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock warrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written certificate that gives the holder the right to purchase shares of a stock for a specified price within a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee" + ], + "it": [ + "garantia", + "garanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unconditional commitment that something will happen or that something is true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guarantee of professional or financial security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full faith and credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guarantee to pay interest and principal on debt; usually issued by the United States Treasury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approval", + "commendation" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message expressing a favorable opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approbation" + ], + "it": [ + "omologazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official recognition or approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanction", + "countenance", + "endorsement", + "indorsement", + "warrant", + "imprimatur" + ], + "it": [ + "sanzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal and explicit approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O.K.", + "OK", + "okay", + "okey", + "okeh" + ], + "it": [ + "okay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorsement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visa" + ], + "it": [ + "visto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an endorsement made in a passport that allows the bearer to enter the country issuing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihil obstat" + ], + "it": [ + "imprimatur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phrase used by the official censor of the Roman Catholic Church to say that a publication has been examined and contains nothing offensive to the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition", + "credit" + ], + "it": [ + "riconoscimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorial", + "commemoration", + "remembrance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recognition of meritorious service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovation", + "standing ovation" + ], + "it": [ + "ovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enthusiastic recognition (especially one accompanied by loud applause)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute", + "salutation" + ], + "it": [ + "saluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of honor or courteous recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connivance", + "secret approval", + "tacit consent" + ], + "it": [ + "connivenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) tacit approval of someone's wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permission" + ], + "it": [ + "beneplacito", + "consenso", + "licenza", + "permesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approval to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "all clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to proceed because obstacles have been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismissal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to go; the sending away of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to proceed with a project or to take action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "permesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permission to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "liberty chit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permit to enter or leave a military installation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "laissez passer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document indicating permission to do something without restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarding card", + "boarding pass" + ], + "it": [ + "carta d'imbarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass that allows you to board a ship or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hall pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written permission from a teacher for a student to be out the classroom and in the halls of the school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket-of-leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permit formerly given to convicts allowing them to leave prison under specific restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "passport" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciapassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any authorization to pass or go somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safe-conduct", + "safeguard" + ], + "it": [ + "salvacondotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document or escort providing safe passage through a region especially in time of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encouragement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expression of approval and support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acclaim", + "acclamation", + "plaudits", + "plaudit", + "eclat" + ], + "it": [ + "acclamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enthusiastic approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applause", + "hand clapping", + "clapping" + ], + "it": [ + "acclamazione", + "applauso", + "battimani", + "battimano", + "ovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round of applause to signify approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handclap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clap of the hands to indicate approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outburst of applause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer" + ], + "it": [ + "evviva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry or shout of approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banzai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese cheer of enthusiasm or triumph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bravo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry of approval as from an audience at the end of great performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurrah", + "hooray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victory cheer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden outburst of cheers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praise", + "congratulations", + "kudos", + "extolment" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione", + "congratulazioni", + "felicitazioni", + "lode", + "rallegramenti", + "elogio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of approval and commendation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praise" + ], + "it": [ + "lode", + "plauso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offering words of homage as an act of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallelujah" + ], + "it": [ + "alleluia", + "halleluia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shout or song of praise to God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extravagantly enthusiastic review" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superlative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exaggerated expression (usually of praise)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encomium", + "eulogy", + "panegyric", + "paean", + "pean" + ], + "it": [ + "elogio", + "encomio", + "panegirico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal expression of praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eulogy", + "eulogium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal expression of praise for someone who has died recently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommendation", + "testimonial", + "good word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character", + "reference", + "character reference" + ], + "it": [ + "benservito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerated praise (as for promotional purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compliment" + ], + "it": [ + "complimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remark (or act) expressing praise and admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade-last" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compliment that I heard about you that I offer to trade for a compliment you have heard about me" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flattery" + ], + "it": [ + "accarezzamento", + "adulazione", + "blandizia", + "blandizie", + "cortigianeria", + "incensamento", + "incensata", + "insaponata", + "leccatura", + "lisciamento", + "lisciata", + "lisciatura", + "lusinga", + "piacenteria", + "piaggeria", + "piaggiamento", + "strusciamento", + "sviolinata", + "violinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive or insincere praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "servile flattery; exaggerated and hypocritical praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blandishment", + "cajolery", + "palaver" + ], + "it": [ + "blandizie", + "lusinghe", + "moina", + "moine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flattery intended to persuade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blarney", + "coaxing", + "soft soap", + "sweet talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flattery designed to gain favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flattering commendation (especially when used for promotional purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unction", + "smarm", + "fulsomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive but superficial compliments given with affected charm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "award", + "accolade", + "honor", + "honour", + "laurels" + ], + "it": [ + "distinzione", + "onoranza", + "onore", + "premio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliyah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) the honor of being called up to the reading desk in the synagogue to read from the Torah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribute", + "testimonial" + ], + "it": [ + "onore", + "omaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something given or done as an expression of esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic degree", + "degree" + ], + "it": [ + "grado accademico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate degree", + "associate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree granted by a two-year college on successful completion of the undergraduates course of studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Associate in Arts", + "AA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate degree in arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Associate in Applied Science", + "AAS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate degree in applied science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Associate in Nursing", + "AN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate degree in nursing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelor's degree", + "baccalaureate" + ], + "it": [ + "baccalaureato", + "baccellierato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic degree conferred on someone who has successfully completed undergraduate studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Arts", + "BA", + "Artium Baccalaurens", + "AB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Arts in Library Science", + "ABLS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in library science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Arts in Nursing", + "BAN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in nursing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Divinity", + "BD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Literature", + "BLitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Medicine", + "MB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(a British degree) a bachelor's degree in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Music", + "BMus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Naval Science", + "BNS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in naval science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Science", + "BS", + "SB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Science in Architecture", + "BSArch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Science in Engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in engineering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Theology", + "ThB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bachelor's degree in theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honours", + "honours degree" + ], + "it": [ + "laurea con lode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university degree with honors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first", + "first-class honours degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honours degree of the highest class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double first" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first-class honours degree in two subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master's degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic degree higher than a bachelor's degree but lower than a doctor's degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Architecture", + "MArch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree granted for the successful completion of advanced study of architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Arts", + "MA", + "Artium Magister", + "AM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in arts and sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Arts in Library Science", + "MALS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in library science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Arts in Teaching", + "MAT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in teaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master in Business", + "Master in Business Administration", + "MBA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Divinity", + "MDiv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Education", + "MEd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Fine Arts", + "MFA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Literature", + "MLitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Library Science", + "MLS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in library science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master in Public Affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in questions of public concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Science", + "MS", + "SM", + "MSc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Science in Engineering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in engineering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Theology", + "ThM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a master's degree in theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor's degree", + "doctorate" + ], + "it": [ + "dottorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the highest earned academic degrees conferred by a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Dental Medicine", + "DMD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in dental medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Dental Surgery", + "DDS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in dental surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Divinity", + "DD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Education", + "EdD", + "DEd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Medicine", + "MD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Music", + "DMus", + "MusD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Musical Arts", + "AMusD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in musical arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Optometry", + "OD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in optometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Osteopathy", + "DO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doctor's degree in osteopathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Arts", + "D.A." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree with a special disciplinary focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Philosophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctorate awarded for original contributions to knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ph.D.", + "PhD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctorate usually based on at least 3 years graduate study and a dissertation; the highest degree awarded graduate study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DPhil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British doctorate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Public Health", + "DPH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in preventive medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Theology", + "ThD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Sacred Theology", + "STD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor's degree in theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "degree conferred on someone who successfully completes law school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bachelor of Laws", + "LLB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-year law degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Master of Laws", + "LLM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advanced law degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honorary degree", + "honoris causa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree conferred to honor the recipient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Arts", + "ArtsD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary arts degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Fine Arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary degree in fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Humane Letters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary degree in letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Humanities" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary degree in the humanities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Laws", + "LLD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary law degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of Science", + "DS", + "ScD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary degree in science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennant", + "crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the award given to the champion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachet", + "seal", + "seal of approval" + ], + "it": [ + "sigillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication of approved or superior status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citation", + "commendation" + ], + "it": [ + "citazione", + "encomio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official award (as for bravery or service) usually given as formal public statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mention", + "honorable mention" + ], + "it": [ + "encomio", + "menzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official recognition of merit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter", + "varsity letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award earned by participation in a school sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoration", + "laurel wreath", + "medal", + "medallion", + "palm", + "ribbon" + ], + "it": [ + "decorazione", + "medaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award for winning a championship or commemorating some other event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medal of Honor", + "Congressional Medal of Honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest U.S. military decoration awarded for bravery and valor in action `above and beyond the call of duty'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Distinguished Service Medal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States military decoration for meritorious service in wartime duty of great responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Distinguished Service Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Army decoration for extraordinary heroism against an armed enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navy Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Navy decoration for extraordinary heroism against an armed enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Distinguished Flying Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Air Force decoration for heroism while participating in an aerial flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Medal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Air Force decoration for meritorious achievement while participating in an aerial flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silver Star Medal", + "Silver Star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States military decoration for gallantry in action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronze Star Medal", + "Bronze Star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States military decoration awarded for meritorious service (except in aerial flight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Order of the Purple Heart", + "Purple Heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States military decoration awarded to any member of the armed forces who is wounded in action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oak Leaf Cluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States military decoration consisting of bronze or silver oak leaves and acorns awarded to anyone who has won a given medal before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British military decoration for gallantry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Distinguished Conduct Medal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British military decoration for distinguished conduct in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Distinguished Service Order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British military decoration for special service in action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Croix de Guerre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French military decoration for gallantry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medaille Militaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French military decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophy" + ], + "it": [ + "coppa", + "trofeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award for success in war or hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapproval" + ], + "it": [ + "biasimo", + "deprecazione", + "disapprovazione", + "riprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expression of disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapprobation", + "condemnation" + ], + "it": [ + "condanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censure", + "animadversion" + ], + "it": [ + "biasimo", + "censura", + "deplorazione", + "riprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harsh criticism or disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonization", + "demonisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to represent as diabolically evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdict" + ], + "it": [ + "interdetto", + "interdizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ecclesiastical censure by the Roman Catholic Church withdrawing certain sacraments and Christian burial from a person or all persons in a particular district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticism", + "unfavorable judgment" + ], + "it": [ + "critica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brickbat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blunt criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faultfinding", + "carping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent petty and unjustified criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire", + "attack", + "flak", + "flack", + "blast" + ], + "it": [ + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense adverse criticism" + ], + "it": [ + "assalto verbale, critica aspra e feroce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verbal criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticism aimed at an easy target and made without careful consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigorous and unrestrained response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuke", + "reproof", + "reproval", + "reprehension", + "reprimand" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonimento", + "ammonizione", + "animadversione", + "animavversione", + "bacchettata", + "cazziata", + "fervorino", + "gridata", + "obiurgazione", + "osservazione", + "paternale", + "predica", + "rabbuffata", + "rabbuffo", + "raffaccio", + "ramanzina", + "rampogna", + "reprensione", + "reprimenda", + "richiamo", + "rimbrotto", + "rimenata", + "rimproccio", + "rimprovero", + "rinfaccio", + "riprensione", + "sgridata", + "strigliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act or expression of criticism and censure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sermon", + "preaching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moralistic rebuke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severely critical attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "static" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angry criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stricture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiding", + "scolding", + "objurgation", + "tongue-lashing" + ], + "it": [ + "partaccia", + "rabbuffo", + "rimprovero", + "strillata", + "urlata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rebuking a person harshly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "what for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong reprimand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wig", + "wigging" + ], + "it": [ + "lavata di capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British slang for a scolding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castigation", + "earful", + "bawling out", + "chewing out", + "upbraiding", + "going-over", + "dressing down" + ], + "it": [ + "cicchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe scolding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berating", + "blowing up" + ], + "it": [ + "rimprovero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe rebuke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproach" + ], + "it": [ + "appunto", + "biasimo", + "rimbrotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild rebuke or criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-reproach", + "self-reproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of blaming yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blame", + "rap" + ], + "it": [ + "censura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reproach for some lapse or misdeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture", + "speech", + "talking to" + ], + "it": [ + "intemerata", + "pistolotto", + "predicozzo", + "sermoncino", + "sermone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lengthy rebuke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain lecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private lecture to a husband by his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correction", + "chastening", + "chastisement" + ], + "it": [ + "rimprovero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rebuke for making a mistake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admonition", + "admonishment", + "monition" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonimento", + "ammonizione", + "lezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm rebuke" + ], + "it": [ + "duro rimprovero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respects" + ], + "it": [ + "omaggio", + "ossequio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often used with `pay') a formal expression of esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ad-lib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remark made spontaneously without prior preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtesy" + ], + "it": [ + "cortesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a courteous or respectful or considerate remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrespect", + "discourtesy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of lack of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abuse", + "insult", + "revilement", + "contumely", + "vilification" + ], + "it": [ + "affronto", + "epiteto", + "improperio", + "ingiuria", + "insulto", + "offesa", + "oltraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rude expression intended to offend or hurt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derision" + ], + "it": [ + "derisione", + "irrisione", + "scherno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contemptuous laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridicule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt", + "scorn" + ], + "it": [ + "scherno", + "sdegno", + "spregio", + "sprezzo", + "vilipendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open disrespect for a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contempt expressed by mockery in looks or words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeer", + "jeering", + "mockery", + "scoff", + "scoffing" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaiata", + "canzonatura", + "derisione", + "dileggio", + "irrisione", + "ludibrio", + "scherno", + "grida di scherno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showing your contempt by derision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneer", + "leer" + ], + "it": [ + "ghigno", + "sberleffo", + "sogghigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "commento sarcastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contemptuous or scornful remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put-down", + "squelch", + "squelcher", + "takedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crushing remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stultification", + "befooling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derision of someone or something as foolish or absurd or inconsistent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disparagement", + "depreciation", + "derogation" + ], + "it": [ + "denigrazione", + "detrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication that belittles somebody or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disparagement of a plan or hope or expectation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denigration", + "belittling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belittling comment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspersion", + "slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disparaging remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slur on someone's race or language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detraction", + "petty criticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petty disparagement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour grapes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disparagement of something that is unattainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescension", + "disdain", + "patronage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defamation", + "calumny", + "calumniation", + "obloquy", + "traducement", + "hatchet job" + ], + "it": [ + "calunnia", + "denigrazione", + "diffamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false accusation of an offense or a malicious misrepresentation of someone's words or actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character assassination", + "assassination", + "blackwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attack intended to ruin someone's reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slanderous remarks or charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smear", + "vilification", + "malignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slanderous defamation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libel" + ], + "it": [ + "diffamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false and malicious publication printed for the purpose of defaming a living person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slander" + ], + "it": [ + "denigrazione", + "detrazione", + "diffamazione", + "calunnia", + "maldicenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "words falsely spoken that damage the reputation of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name calling", + "names" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "epithet" + ], + "it": [ + "appellativo", + "epiteto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defamatory or abusive word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smear word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet that can be used to smear someone's reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unscrupulous abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scurrility", + "billingsgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foul-mouthed or obscene abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinger", + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remark capable of wounding mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vituperation", + "invective", + "vitriol" + ], + "it": [ + "filippica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impudence", + "cheek", + "impertinence" + ], + "it": [ + "arditezza", + "impertinenza", + "impudenza", + "insolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impudent statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sass", + "sassing", + "backtalk", + "back talk", + "lip", + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "impertinenza", + "insolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impudent or insolent rejoinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpolation", + "insertion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message (spoken or written) that is introduced or inserted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statement" + ], + "it": [ + "attestazione", + "dichiarazione", + "enunciato", + "frase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonverbal message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amendment" + ], + "it": [ + "ammendamento", + "emendamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is added to or revises or improves a proposal or document (a bill or constitution etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement regarded as an object" + ], + "it": [ + "quello che si dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truth", + "true statement" + ], + "it": [ + "verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a true statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gospel", + "gospel truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unquestionable truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antinomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contradiction between two statements that seem equally reasonable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradox" + ], + "it": [ + "paradosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a statement that contradicts itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "description", + "verbal description" + ], + "it": [ + "descrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that represents something in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job description" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "description of the responsibilities associated with a given job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specification", + "spec" + ], + "it": [ + "capitolato", + "specifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed description of design criteria for a piece of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of assembling logical elements into a computing device; the specification of the relation between parts of a computer system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neural network", + "neural net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "computer architecture in which processors are connected in a manner suggestive of connections between neurons; can learn by trial and error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network architecture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specification of design principles (including data formats and procedures) for creating a network configuration of data processors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaration" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announcement", + "proclamation", + "annunciation", + "declaration" + ], + "it": [ + "bando", + "proclama", + "proclamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal public statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastardization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declaring or rendering bastard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal or authoritative proclamation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull", + "papal bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal proclamation issued by the pope (usually written in antiquated characters and sealed with a leaden bulla)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promulgation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official announcement of a new law or ordinance whereby the law or ordinance is put into effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public declaration of your faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifesto", + "pronunciamento" + ], + "it": [ + "manifesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public declaration of intentions (as issued by a political party or government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communist Manifesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a socialist manifesto written by Marx and Engels (1842) describing the history of the working-class movement according to their views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronouncement", + "dictum", + "say-so" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative declaration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bill of Rights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing the right of free expression; includes freedom of assembly and freedom of the press and freedom of religion and freedom of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fifth Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amendment to the Constitution of the United States that imposes restrictions on the government's prosecution of persons accused of crimes; mandates due process of law and prohibits self-incrimination and double jeopardy; requires just compensation if private property is taken for public use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourteenth Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1868; extends the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the states as well as to the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eighteenth Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1920; prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages; repealed in 1932" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nineteenth Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1920; guarantees that no state can deny the right to vote on the basis of sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assertion", + "averment", + "asseveration" + ], + "it": [ + "affermazione", + "asserzione", + "asseverazione", + "dichiarazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a declaration that is made emphatically (as if no supporting evidence were necessary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause of action" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a claim sufficient to demand judicial attention; the facts that give rise to right of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a claim of rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advancing of a claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim" + ], + "it": [ + "affermazione", + "richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assertion that something is true or factual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accusation", + "charge" + ], + "it": [ + "accusa", + "addebito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assertion that someone is guilty of a fault or offence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charge brought by an accused person against the accuser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegation", + "allegement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statements affirming or denying certain matters of fact that you are prepared to prove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contention" + ], + "it": [ + "disputa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point asserted as part of an argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a contention presented by a lawyer to a judge or jury as part of the case he is arguing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ipse dixit", + "ipsedixitism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsupported dogmatic assertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formula", + "expression" + ], + "it": [ + "espressione", + "formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi espressione, in numeri, lettere o simboli, per rappresentare operazioni aritmetiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formula" + ], + "it": [ + "formola", + "formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conventionalized statement expressing some fundamental principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical statement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of a mathematical relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avowal", + "avouchment", + "affirmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement asserting the existence or the truth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassertion", + "reaffirmation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renewed affirmation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testimony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assertion offering firsthand authentication of a fact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profession", + "professing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong declaration of protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulation", + "predication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a declaration of something self-evident; something that can be assumed as the basis for argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threat" + ], + "it": [ + "minaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threat of divine punishment or vengeance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menace" + ], + "it": [ + "minaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a threat or the act of threatening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "prova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibit" + ], + "it": [ + "reperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object or statement produced before a court of law and referred to while giving evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testimony" + ], + "it": [ + "deposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn statement made under oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "testimony by word or deed to your religious faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus delicti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of evidence that constitute the offence; the objective proof that a crime has been committed (sometimes mistakenly thought to refer to the body of a homicide victim)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence (usually the testimony of a witness) directly related to the fact in dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "res gestae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule of evidence that covers words that are so closely associated with an occurrence that the words are considered part of the occurrence and as such their report does not violate the hearsay rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstantial evidence", + "indirect evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "prova indiziaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence providing only a basis for inference about the fact in dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corroborating evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "additional evidence or evidence of different kind that supports a proof already offered in a proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearsay evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence based on what someone has told the witness and not of direct knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state's evidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence for the prosecution in criminal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaration" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) unsworn statement that can be admitted in evidence in a legal transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the action of bearing witness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affidavit" + ], + "it": [ + "affidavit", + "deposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written declaration made under oath; a written statement sworn to be true before someone legally authorized to administer an oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an affidavit attached to a statement confirming the truth of that statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subornation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perjured testimony that someone was persuaded to give" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid", + "bidding" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarazione", + "licitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract", + "declaration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(contract bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) a bid that asks your partner to bid another suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbid", + "overcall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(bridge) a bid that is higher than your opponent's bid (especially when your partner has not bid at all and your bid exceeds the value of your hand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemptive bid", + "pre-empt", + "preempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high bid that is intended to prevent the opposing players from bidding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word" + ], + "it": [ + "parola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explanation", + "account" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarificazione", + "chiarimento", + "lumeggiamento", + "rischiaramento", + "rischiarimento", + "snebbiamento", + "spiegazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explicandum", + "explanandum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explanans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) statements that explain the explicandum; the explanatory premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation that omits superfluous details and reduces complexity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversimplification", + "simplism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simplification that goes too far (to the point of misrepresentation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convincing explanation that reveals basic causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value statement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of the desirability of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of facts and reasons made in appealing or protesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason" + ], + "it": [ + "causa", + "ragione", + "motivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "la spiegazione della causa di qualche fenomeno;" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justification" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement in explanation of some action or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause", + "reason", + "grounds" + ], + "it": [ + "cagione", + "causa", + "causale", + "materia", + "motivo", + "movente", + "ragione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a justification for something existing or happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "vindication" + ], + "it": [ + "discarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the justification for some act or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apology", + "apologia" + ], + "it": [ + "apologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal written defense of something you believe in strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alibi" + ], + "it": [ + "alibi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a defense by an accused person purporting to show that he or she could not have committed the crime in question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "alibi", + "exculpation", + "self-justification" + ], + "it": [ + "alibi", + "discolpa", + "pretesto", + "scusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extenuation", + "mitigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partial excuse to mitigate censure; an attempt to represent an offense as less serious than it appears by showing mitigating circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the section of a movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes first occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account that sets forth the meaning or intent of a writing or discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposition", + "expounding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic interpretation or explanation (usually written) of a specific topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation of the meaning of something; the act of construing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophizing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exposition (often superficially) of a particular philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralizing", + "moralization", + "moralisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulgence in moral pronouncements; the exposition (often superficially) of a particular moral code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preachification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moralization delivered tediously in a preachy manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed explanation of the meaning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solution", + "answer", + "result", + "resolution", + "solvent" + ], + "it": [ + "soluzione", + "risultato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denouement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final resolution of the main complication of a literary or dramatic work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloss", + "rubric" + ], + "it": [ + "chiosa", + "glossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deriving", + "derivation", + "etymologizing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(historical linguistics) an explanation of the historical origins of a word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "definition" + ], + "it": [ + "definizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concise explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase or symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contextual definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definition in which the term is used by embedding it in a larger expression containing its explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictionary definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definition that reports the standard uses of a word or phrase or symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explicit definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definition that gives an exact equivalent of the term defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostensive definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definition that points out or exhibits instances of the term defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recursive definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a definition of a function from which values of the function can be calculated in a finite number of steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redefinition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving a new definition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulative definition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definition that is stipulated by someone and that is not a standard usage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer", + "reply", + "response" + ], + "it": [ + "replica", + "risposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescript" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reply by a Pope to an inquiry concerning a point of law or morality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feedback" + ], + "it": [ + "feedback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "response to an inquiry or experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announcement", + "promulgation" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "avviso", + "comunicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public statement containing information about an event that has happened or is going to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advisory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcement that usually advises or warns the public of some threat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annunciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the announcement to the Virgin Mary by the angel Gabriel of the incarnation of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public announcement of a proposed marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handout", + "press release", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicato stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcement distributed to members of the press in order to supplement or replace an oral presentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "avviso", + "bando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcement containing information about an event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caveat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a formal notice filed with a court or officer to suspend a proceeding until filer is given a hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obituary", + "obit", + "necrology" + ], + "it": [ + "necrologia", + "necrologio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notice of someone's death; usually includes a short biography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parallel Lives" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of biographies of famous pairs of Greeks and Romans written by Plutarch; used by Shakespeare in writing some of his plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellone", + "locandina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playbill" + ], + "it": [ + "programma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical program" + ], + "it": [ + "opuscolo, o foglio, contenente informazioni attinenti a uno spettacolo, manifestazione e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racecard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program for a race meeting; lists the races and the names of the horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prediction", + "foretelling", + "forecasting", + "prognostication" + ], + "it": [ + "predizione", + "previsione", + "profezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement made about the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prediction that human intelligence and technology will enable life to expand in an orderly way throughout the entire universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortunetelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of predicting people's futures (usually for payment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horoscope" + ], + "it": [ + "oroscopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prediction of someone's future based on the relative positions of the planets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorology", + "weather forecasting" + ], + "it": [ + "meteo", + "previsioni del tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predicting what the weather will be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prognosis", + "forecast" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipazione", + "predizione", + "pronostico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prediction about how something (as the weather) will develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophecy", + "divination" + ], + "it": [ + "profezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prediction uttered under divine inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oracle" + ], + "it": [ + "oracolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prophecy (usually obscure or allegorical) revealed by a priest or priestess; believed to be infallible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial forecast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forecast of the expected financial position and the results of operations and cash flows based on expected conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather forecast", + "weather outlook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forecast of the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particular", + "particular proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a proposition that asserts something about some (but not all) members of a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal", + "universal proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a proposition that asserts something of all members of a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a proposition that is true if and only if another proposition is false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposition obtained by conversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemma" + ], + "it": [ + "lemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary proposition that is assumed to be true in order to prove another proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorem" + ], + "it": [ + "teorema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposition deducible from basic postulates" + ], + "it": [ + "proposizione deducibile da postulati di base (assiomi)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "categorem", + "categoreme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a categorematic expression; a term capable of standing alone as the subject or predicate of a logical proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncategorem", + "syncategoreme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a syncategorematic expression; a word that cannot be used alone as a term in a logical proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclusion", + "ratiocination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulate", + "posit" + ], + "it": [ + "postulato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axiom" + ], + "it": [ + "assioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof; its truth is assumed to be self-evident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premise", + "premiss", + "assumption" + ], + "it": [ + "assunto", + "ipotesi", + "premessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major premise", + "major premiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the premise of a syllogism that contains the major term (which is the predicate of the conclusion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor premise", + "minor premiss", + "subsumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the premise of a syllogism that contains the minor term (which is the subject of the conclusion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the term in a syllogism that is the predicate of the conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the term in a syllogism that is the subject of the conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the term in a syllogism that is common to both premises and excluded from the conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specious argument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument that appears good at first view but is really fallacious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicious circle" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo vizioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument that assumes that which is to be proved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition", + "precondition", + "stipulation" + ], + "it": [ + "clausola", + "pregiudiziale", + "condizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boundary condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a condition specified for the solution to a set of differential equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provision", + "proviso" + ], + "it": [ + "clausola", + "condizione", + "norma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stipulated condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a postulated sequence of possible events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of the current market price of a security or commodity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsehood", + "falsity", + "untruth" + ], + "it": [ + "falsità", + "falso", + "invenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a false statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodge", + "dodging", + "scheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i71999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie", + "prevarication" + ], + "it": [ + "bugia", + "menzogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fib", + "story", + "tale", + "tarradiddle", + "taradiddle" + ], + "it": [ + "fandonia", + "frottola", + "palla", + "storiella", + "storia", + "pispola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trivial lie" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa inventata, non vera, raccontata per vanteria, per burla o anche per ingannare qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairytale", + "fairy tale", + "fairy story", + "cock-and-bull story", + "song and dance" + ], + "it": [ + "favola", + "fiaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interesting but highly implausible story; often told as an excuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jactitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a false boast that can harm others; especially a false claim to be married to someone (formerly actionable at law)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whopper", + "walloper" + ], + "it": [ + "balla", + "panzana", + "panzanata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gross untruth; a blatant lie" + ], + "it": [ + "grossa bugia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white lie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unimportant lie (especially one told to be tactful or polite)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabrication", + "fiction", + "fable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberately false or improbable account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberately misleading fabrication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misrepresentation", + "deceit", + "deception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misleading falsehood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-truth" + ], + "it": [ + "mezza verità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partially true statement intended to deceive or mislead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facade", + "window dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "fumo negli occhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy misrepresentation intended to conceal something unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exaggeration", + "overstatement", + "magnification" + ], + "it": [ + "esagerazione", + "gonfiatura", + "montatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making to seem more important than it really is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and elaborate misrepresentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretense", + "pretence", + "feigning", + "dissembling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretending with intention to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluff" + ], + "it": [ + "bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretense that your position is stronger than it really is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretext", + "stalking-horse" + ], + "it": [ + "addentellato", + "ammennicolo", + "pretesto", + "rampino", + "storia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason" + ], + "it": [ + "pretesto per tergivestare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pretext for delay or inaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocrisy", + "lip service" + ], + "it": [ + "ipocrisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of agreement that is not supported by real conviction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crocodile tears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypocritical display of sorrow; false or insincere weeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subterfuge", + "blind" + ], + "it": [ + "machiavelleria", + "scappavia", + "sotterfugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something intended to misrepresent the true nature of an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trickery", + "hocus-pocus", + "slickness", + "hanky panky", + "jiggery-pokery", + "skulduggery", + "skullduggery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verbal misrepresentation intended to take advantage of you in some way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraudulence", + "duplicity" + ], + "it": [ + "fraudolenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fraudulent or duplicitous representation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evasion", + "equivocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is not literally false but that cleverly avoids an unpleasant truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumlocution", + "indirect expression" + ], + "it": [ + "circonlocuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indirect way of expressing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doublespeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any language that pretends to communicate but actually does not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge", + "hedging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intentionally noncommittal or ambiguous statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quibble", + "quiddity", + "cavil" + ], + "it": [ + "arzigogolo", + "cavillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evasion of the point of an argument by raising irrelevant distinctions or objections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine print", + "small print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a contract that contains reservations and qualifications that are often printed in small type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weasel word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equivocal qualification; a word used to avoid making an outright assertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservation", + "qualification" + ], + "it": [ + "riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that limits or restricts some claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cautious statement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement made with careful qualifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comment", + "commentary" + ], + "it": [ + "annotazione", + "commento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midrash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) an ancient commentary on part of the Hebrew scriptures that is based on Jewish methods of interpretation and attached to the biblical text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "annotation", + "notation" + ], + "it": [ + "annotazione", + "glossa", + "nota", + "notazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comment or instruction (usually added)" + ], + "it": [ + "breve scritto esplicativo aggiunto a un testo per chiarire un passo o esprimere un parere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citation", + "cite", + "acknowledgment", + "credit", + "reference", + "mention", + "quotation" + ], + "it": [ + "citazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footnote", + "footer" + ], + "it": [ + "nota a piè di pagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed note placed below the text on a printed page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nota bene", + "NB", + "N.B." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postscript", + "PS" + ], + "it": [ + "poscritto", + "postscriptum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note appended to a letter after the signature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photo credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note acknowledging the source of a published photograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-reference", + "cross-index" + ], + "it": [ + "richiamo", + "rimando", + "rinvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference at one place in a work to information at another place in the same work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remark", + "comment", + "input" + ], + "it": [ + "apprezzamento", + "commento", + "osservazione", + "riflessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambit", + "ploy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening remark intended to secure an advantage for the speaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatwah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a legal opinion or ruling issued by an Islamic scholar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obiter dictum", + "dictum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion voiced by a judge on a point of law not directly bearing on the case in question and therefore not binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obiter dictum", + "passing comment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incidental remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mention", + "reference" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "cenno", + "menzione", + "riferimento", + "allusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remark that calls attention to something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allusion" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "adombramento", + "allusione", + "cenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passing reference or indirect mention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrospection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reference to things past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name-dropping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of casually mentioning important people in order to impress your listener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observation", + "reflection", + "reflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "constatazione", + "costatazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remark expressing careful consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkinson's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "C. Northcote Parkinson's cynical observation that the number of subordinates in an organization will increase linearly regardless of the amount of work to be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkinson's law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "C. Northcote Parkinson's cynical observation that work will expand so as to fill the time available for its completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teasing remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisecrack", + "crack", + "sally", + "quip" + ], + "it": [ + "arguzia", + "battuta", + "boutade", + "frizzo", + "punzecchiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "witty remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot", + "shaft", + "slam", + "dig", + "barb", + "jibe", + "gibe" + ], + "it": [ + "frecciata", + "stoccata", + "beccata", + "botta", + "freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheap shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unnecessarily aggressive and unfair remark directed at a defenseless person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversation stopper", + "stopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remark to which there is no polite conversational reply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhetorical question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misstatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement that contains a mistake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restatement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revised statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demythologization", + "demythologisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the restatement of a message (as a religious one) in rational terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythologization", + "mythologisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the restatement of a message as a myth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error", + "mistake" + ], + "it": [ + "errore", + "sbaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a statement that is not correct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrigendum" + ], + "it": [ + "errata corrige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printer's error; to be corrected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misprint", + "erratum", + "typographical error", + "typo", + "literal error", + "literal" + ], + "it": [ + "refuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mistake in printed matter resulting from mechanical failures of some kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malapropism", + "malaprop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip of the tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "lapsus", + "papera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accidental and usually trivial mistake in speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transposition of initial consonants in a pair of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement", + "understanding" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodamento", + "accordo", + "compromesso", + "conciliazione", + "concordato", + "convenzione", + "intesa", + "patto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition", + "term" + ], + "it": [ + "condizione", + "termine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargain", + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "patto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal agreement to work together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentlemen's agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal agreement based on honor and not legally binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document summarizing the agreement between parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement between parties in a dispute to abide by the decision of an arbiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document summarizing an agreement between parties in a dispute to abide by the decision of an arbiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covenant", + "compact", + "concordat" + ], + "it": [ + "concordato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entente", + "entente cordiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly understanding between political powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement that is not in writing and is not signed by the parties but is a real existing contract that lacks only the formal requirement of a memorandum to render it enforceable in litigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indenture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contract binding one party into the service of another for a specified term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indenture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal agreement between the issuer of bonds and the bondholders as to terms of the debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obligation" + ], + "it": [ + "impegno", + "obbligazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obligation to pay or do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treaty", + "pact", + "accord" + ], + "it": [ + "concordato", + "convenzione", + "patto", + "trattato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written agreement between two states or sovereigns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliance" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal agreement establishing an association or alliance between nations or other groups to achieve a particular aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial treaty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treaty governing commerce between two or more nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace", + "peace treaty", + "pacification" + ], + "it": [ + "pace", + "trattato di pace", + "accordo di pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treaty to cease hostilities" + ], + "it": [ + "atto che decreta la cessazione di una guerra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peace of Westphalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convention" + ], + "it": [ + "convenzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(diplomacy) an international agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chemical Weapons Convention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a global treaty banning the production or acquisition or stockpiling or transfer or use of chemical weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geneva Convention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement first drawn up in Geneva in 1864 and later revised concerning the treatment of captured and wounded military personnel and civilians in wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lateran Treaty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agreement signed in the Lateran Palace in 1929 by Italy and the Holy See which recognized the Vatican City as a sovereign and independent papal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Atlantic Treaty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treaty signed in 1949 by 12 countries that established NATO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SALT I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first treaty between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SALT II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second treaty between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treaty of Versailles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the excessive expression of tender feelings, nostalgia, or sadness in any form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treacle", + "mush", + "slop", + "glop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writing or music that is excessively sweet and sentimental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wit", + "humor", + "humour", + "witticism", + "wittiness" + ], + "it": [ + "argutezza", + "arguzia", + "boutade", + "facezia", + "frizzo", + "lepidezza", + "motto", + "spiritosaggine", + "intelligenza", + "umorismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeu d'esprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty comment or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bon mot", + "mot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clever remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esprit de l'escalier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty remark that occurs to you too late" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pungency", + "bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wit having a sharp and caustic quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarcasm", + "irony", + "satire", + "caustic remark" + ], + "it": [ + "causticità", + "ironia", + "sarcasmo", + "scherno", + "satira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "witty language used to convey insults or scorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repartee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adroitness and cleverness in reply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banter", + "raillery", + "give-and-take", + "backchat" + ], + "it": [ + "canzonatura", + "motteggio", + "scherzi bonari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light teasing repartee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badinage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frivolous banter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persiflage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light teasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joke", + "gag", + "laugh", + "jest", + "jape" + ], + "it": [ + "amenità", + "buffonata", + "buffoneria", + "facezia", + "gag", + "scherzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch line", + "laugh line", + "gag line", + "tag line" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "battuta finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of a joke or humorous story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly laugh", + "sidesplitter", + "howler", + "thigh-slapper", + "scream", + "wow", + "riot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joke that seems extremely funny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty joke", + "dirty story", + "blue joke", + "blue story" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indelicate joke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joke at the expense of some ethnic group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funny story", + "good story", + "funny remark", + "funny" + ], + "it": [ + "barzelletta", + "storiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joke that is appreciated only by members of some particular group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a one-line joke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaggy dog story" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long rambling joke whose humor derives from its pointlessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joke in bad taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight gag", + "visual joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joke whose effect is achieved by visual means rather than by speech (as in a movie)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caricature", + "imitation", + "impersonation" + ], + "it": [ + "caricatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parody", + "lampoon", + "spoof", + "sendup", + "mockery", + "takeoff", + "burlesque", + "travesty", + "charade", + "pasquinade", + "put-on" + ], + "it": [ + "parodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartoon", + "sketch" + ], + "it": [ + "vignetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous or satirical drawing published in a newspaper or magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fun", + "play", + "sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verbal wit or mockery (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jocosity", + "jocularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fun characterized by humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waggery", + "waggishness" + ], + "it": [ + "scherzosità", + "spiritosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waggish behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drollery", + "clowning", + "comedy", + "funniness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comic incident or series of incidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pun", + "punning", + "wordplay", + "paronomasia" + ], + "it": [ + "freddura", + "gioco di parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous play on words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribaldry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ribald humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exceedingly good witticism that surpasses all that have gone before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opinion", + "view" + ], + "it": [ + "avviso", + "concetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adverse opinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion concerning financial statements (usually based on an audit by a CPA) that the statements as a whole do not present results fairly or are not in conformity with the generally accepted accounting practices of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guess", + "conjecture", + "supposition", + "surmise", + "surmisal", + "speculation", + "hypothesis" + ], + "it": [ + "congettura", + "ipotesi", + "supposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "successful conjecture by unusual insight or good luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side", + "position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approximation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imprecise or incomplete account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement indicating the likely cost of some job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "questione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subject matter at issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "problem" + ], + "it": [ + "problema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a question raised for consideration or solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question of fact", + "matter of fact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputed factual contention that is generally left for a jury to decide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question of law", + "matter of law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputed legal contention that is generally left for a judge to decide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puzzle", + "puzzler", + "mystifier", + "teaser" + ], + "it": [ + "enigma", + "enimma", + "rebus", + "rompicapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem requiring investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homework problem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem that students are assigned to do outside of class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle", + "conundrum", + "enigma", + "brain-teaser" + ], + "it": [ + "enigma", + "enimma", + "rompicapo", + "indovinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poser", + "stumper", + "toughie", + "sticker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "domanda difficile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gordian knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any very difficult problem; insoluble in its own terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossword puzzle", + "crossword" + ], + "it": [ + "cruciverba", + "parole incrociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puzzle in which words corresponding to numbered clues are to be found and written in to squares in the puzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paradoxical anecdote or a riddle that has no solution; used in Zen Buddhism to show the inadequacy of logical reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudoku" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number puzzle in which the numbers 1 through 9 must be placed into a grid of cells so that each row or column contains only one of each number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word square", + "acrostic" + ], + "it": [ + "acrostico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puzzle where you fill a square grid with words reading the same down as across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pons asinorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem that severely tests the ability of an inexperienced person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebus" + ], + "it": [ + "rebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puzzle where you decode a message consisting of pictures representing syllables and words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direction", + "instruction" + ], + "it": [ + "direttiva", + "indicazione", + "istruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message describing how something is to be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdirection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorrect directions or instructions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "destination", + "name and address" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location" + ], + "it": [ + "in genere scritto su lettere per indicarne la destinazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the address of the sender of a letter or parcel indicating where it should be returned if it cannot be delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "markup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detailed stylistic instructions for typesetting something that is to be printed; manual markup is usually written on the copy (e.g. underlining words that are to be set in italics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "markup language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of symbols and rules for their use when doing a markup of a document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard generalized markup language", + "SGML" + ], + "it": [ + "SGML" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a standardized language for the descriptive markup of documents; a set of rules for using whatever markup vocabulary is adopted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertext markup language", + "hypertext mark-up language", + "HTML" + ], + "it": [ + "HTML" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toponymy", + "toponomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nomenclature of regional anatomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prescription" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinazione", + "ricetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directions prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recipe", + "formula" + ], + "it": [ + "ricetta", + "formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directions for making something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "gioco", + "regole del gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso delle regole che costituiscono un singolo gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage direction" + ], + "it": [ + "didascalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instruction written as part of the script of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "editorial directions to be followed in spelling and punctuation and capitalization and typographical display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious doctrine", + "church doctrine", + "gospel", + "creed" + ], + "it": [ + "credo", + "culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ahimsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Buddhist and Hindu and especially Jainist doctrine holding that all forms of life are sacred and urging the avoidance of violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogma", + "tenet" + ], + "it": [ + "dogma", + "domma", + "credenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecumenism", + "ecumenicism", + "ecumenicalism" + ], + "it": [ + "ecumenismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Immaculate Conception", + "Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the Roman Catholic dogma that God preserved the Virgin Mary from any stain of original sin from the moment she was conceived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Incarnation" + ], + "it": [ + "incarnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the Christian doctrine of the union of God and man in the person of Jesus Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicene Creed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) a formal creed summarizing Christian beliefs; first adopted in 325 and later expanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real presence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the Christian doctrine that the body of Christ is actually present in the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal", + "signaling", + "sign" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno", + "segnalazione", + "segnale", + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting signal", + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "via" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal to begin (as in a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal announcing the approach of a storm (particularly a storm of marked violence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canvas cone hoisted to warn of high winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio beam", + "beam" + ], + "it": [ + "fascio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickler", + "tickler file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a file of memoranda or notices that remind of things to be done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticktack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "system of signalling by hand signs used by bookmakers at racetracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time signal" + ], + "it": [ + "segnale orario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal (especially electronic or by radio) indicating the precisely correct time" + ], + "it": [ + "una comunicazione che indica l'ora esatta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public display of a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poster", + "posting", + "placard", + "notice", + "bill", + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "affiche", + "cartello", + "cartellone", + "manifesto", + "poster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show bill", + "show card", + "theatrical poster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poster advertising a show or play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash card", + "flashcard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card with words or numbers or pictures that is flashed to a class by the teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign visible from the street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign in front of a house or business carrying the conventional form by which its location is described" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signpost", + "guidepost" + ], + "it": [ + "cartello", + "freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a post bearing a sign that gives directions or shows the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerpost", + "fingerboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guidepost resembling a hand with a pointing index finger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark", + "stigma", + "brand", + "stain" + ], + "it": [ + "marchio", + "spruzzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol of disgrace or infamy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demerit" + ], + "it": [ + "demerito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark against a person for misconduct or failure; usually given in school or armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog-ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corner of a page turned down to mark your place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar sinister", + "bend sinister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark of bastardy; lines from top right to bottom left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification mark on the ear of a domestic animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand" + ], + "it": [ + "marchio", + "marchio a fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification mark on skin, made by burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloven hoof", + "cloven foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mark of Satan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "token", + "item" + ], + "it": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual instance of a type of symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the tokens of the same symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postage", + "postage stamp", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancatura", + "affrancazione", + "francatura", + "francobollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small adhesive token stuck on a letter or package to indicate that that postal fees have been paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trading stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "bollino", + "bollino premio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a token resembling a stamp given by a retailer to a buyer; the token is redeemable for articles on a special list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication between animals (of the same species)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdcall", + "call", + "birdsong", + "song" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic sound produced by a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell-like call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a birdcall that resembles the tone of a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-note call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a birdcall having two notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indication", + "indicant" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "indicazione", + "indizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves to indicate or suggest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a reason to prescribe a drug or perform a procedure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraindication" + ], + "it": [ + "contrindicazione", + "controindicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a reason that makes it inadvisable to prescribe a particular drug or employ a particular procedure or treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symptom" + ], + "it": [ + "sintomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that accompanies X and is regarded as an indication of X's existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signalization", + "signalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous indication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointing out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indication by demonstration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifestation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifest indication of the existence or presence or nature of some person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark", + "print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible indication made on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mintmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark on a coin that identifies the mint where it was produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "tratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark made on a surface by a pen, pencil, or paintbrush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downstroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke normally made in a downward direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke normally made in an upward direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoofprint", + "hoof mark", + "hoof-mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible impression on a surface made by the hoof of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark that is long relative to its width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dotted line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line made up of dots or dashes; often used to indicate where you are supposed to sign a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) the part of tall lowercase letters that extends above the other lowercase letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar line" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarretta", + "stanghetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical line before the accented beat marking the boundary between musical bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(printing) the part of lowercase letters that extends below the other lowercase letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squiggle", + "curlicue" + ], + "it": [ + "ghirigogolo", + "ghirigoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short twisting line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrum line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isolated component of a spectrum formed by radiation at a uniform frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trend line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line on a graph indicating a statistical trend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underscore", + "underline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour", + "contour line" + ], + "it": [ + "curva", + "curva altimetrica", + "isoipsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isometric line", + "isometric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line connecting isometric points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thalweg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line following the lowest points of a valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line (as on a vessel or ruler) that marks a measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guideline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light line that is used in lettering to help align the letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very fine line in writing or printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glimpse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vague indication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbinger", + "forerunner", + "predecessor", + "herald", + "precursor" + ], + "it": [ + "messaggero", + "messaggiero", + "segno premonitore", + "vessillifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hint", + "clue" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzo", + "accenno", + "cenno", + "indicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight indication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indication of some hidden activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air alert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the warning signal that begins a period of preparation for an enemy air attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarm", + "alert", + "warning signal", + "alarum" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme", + "avvisatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burglar alarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud warning signal produced by a burglar alarm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress signal", + "distress call" + ], + "it": [ + "SOS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internationally recognized signal sent out by a ship or plane indicating that help is needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SOS" + ], + "it": [ + "S.O.S.", + "Save Our Souls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internationally recognized distress signal in radio code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an internationally recognized distress signal via radiotelephone (from the French m'aider)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "all clear" + ], + "it": [ + "cessato allarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal (usually a siren) that danger is over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugle call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal broadcast by the sound of a bugle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bugle call that signals troops to return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taps", + "lights-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) signal to turn the lights out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curfew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal (usually a bell) announcing the start of curfew restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reveille", + "wake-up signal" + ], + "it": [ + "diana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) signal to wake up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a bugle call signaling the lowering of the flag at sunset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a signal to begin a withdrawal from a dangerous position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) the beating of a drum as a signal for lowering the flag at sundown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattle", + "singing", + "telling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disclosing information or giving evidence about another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drumbeat or bugle call that signals the military to return to their quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraphic signal", + "radiotelegraphic signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal transmitted by telegraphy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot", + "dit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shorter of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash", + "dah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longer of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle", + "whistling" + ], + "it": [ + "fischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of signalling (e.g., summoning) by whistling or blowing a whistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silent signal of warning or recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbol" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo", + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance" + ], + "it": [ + "Segno arbitrario che ha aquisito un significato convenzionale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol of inquisitiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numeral", + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra", + "numerale", + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol used to represent a number" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo usato per rappresentare un numero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabic numeral", + "Hindu numeral", + "Hindu-Arabic numeral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman numeral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol in the old Roman notation; I,V,X,L,C,D,M represent 1,5,10,50,100,500,1000 respectively in Arabic notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolism" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of symbols and symbolic representations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two crossed bones (or a representation of two crossed bones) used as a symbol danger or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn of plenty", + "cornucopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death's head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human skull (or a representation of a human skull) used as a symbol of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hindu phallic symbol of Siva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notation", + "notational system" + ], + "it": [ + "notazione", + "sistema di notazione", + "sistema notazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technical system of symbols used to represent special things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation used by mathematicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numeration system", + "number system", + "number representation system", + "system of numeration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any notation for the representation of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriflamme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inspiring symbol or ideal that serves as a rallying point in a struggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positional notation", + "positional representation system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a numeration system in which a real number is represented by an ordered set of characters where the value of a character depends on its position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "pound sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol for a unit of currency (especially for the pound sterling in Great Britain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any notation that uses 2 characters (usually 0 and 1)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary numeration system", + "pure binary numeration system", + "binary number system", + "binary system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positional system of numeration that uses binary digits and a radix of two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octal numeration system", + "octal number system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positional system of numeration that uses octal digits and a radix of eight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any notation that uses 10 different characters (usually the digits 0 to 9)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octal notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mathematical notation that uses 8 different characters (usually the digits 0 to 7)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Arabic (or decimal) system of numeration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal numeration system", + "decimal number system", + "decimal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positional system of numeration that uses decimal digits and a base of ten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duodecimal notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any notation that uses 12 different characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duodecimal number system", + "duodecimal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positional system of numeration that uses duodecimal digits and a radix of twelve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexadecimal notation", + "sexadecimal notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any notation that uses 16 different characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexadecimal number system", + "sexadecimal number system", + "hexadecimal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positional system of numeration that uses hexadecimal digits and a radix of sixteen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character indicating a relation between quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign indicating that the quantities on either side are equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plus sign" + ], + "it": [ + "più" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign indicating the operation of addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minus sign" + ], + "it": [ + "meno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign indicating the operation of subtraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign indicating the extraction of a root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimal point", + "percentage point", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dot at the left of a decimal fraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponent", + "power", + "index" + ], + "it": [ + "esponente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself" + ], + "it": [ + "nelle notazioni matematiche numero, lettera o altro segno apposto a destra in alto di un altro numero, lettera o simbolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logarithm", + "log" + ], + "it": [ + "logaritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exponent required to produce a given number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antilogarithm", + "antilog" + ], + "it": [ + "antilogaritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of which a given number is the logarithm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common logarithm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithm to the base 10" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural logarithm", + "Napierian logarithm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logarithm to the base e" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantissa", + "fixed-point part" + ], + "it": [ + "mantissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the positive fractional part of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the mantissa is .808" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characteristic" + ], + "it": [ + "caratteristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the integer part (positive or negative) of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the characteristic is 2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed-point notation", + "fixed-point representation system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is fixed by convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floating-point notation", + "floating-point representation system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is indicated by an exponent of the radix; in the floating-point representation system, 0.0012 is represented as 0.12-2 where -2 is the exponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infix notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation for forming mathematical expressions using parentheses and governed by rules of operator precedence; operators are dispersed among the operands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenthesis-free notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation for forming mathematical expressions that does not use parentheses to delimit components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefix notation", + "Lukasiewicz notation", + "Polish notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator precedes its operands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postfix notation", + "suffix notation", + "reverse Polish notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator follows its operands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical notation" + ], + "it": [ + "notazione musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) notation used by musicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheet containing the words and melody for a song (and some indication of harmony) written in simple form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheet music to be played on a piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "musical score" + ], + "it": [ + "partitura", + "spartito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written form of a musical composition; parts for different instruments appear on separate staves on large pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obbligato", + "obligato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the score that must be performed without change or omission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet music" + ], + "it": [ + "musica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition in printed or written form" + ], + "it": [ + "componimento, testo musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation indicating the fingering to be used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreography" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation used by choreographers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labanotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of notation for dance movements that uses symbols to represent points on a dancer's body and the direction of the dancer's movement and the tempo and the dynamics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical notation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation used by chemists to express technical facts in chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formula", + "chemical formula" + ], + "it": [ + "formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecular formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical formula based on analysis and molecular weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structural formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expanded molecular formula showing the arrangement of atoms within the molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empirical formula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "written symbol", + "printed symbol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written or printed symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written or printed symbol (as for punctuation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow", + "pointer" + ], + "it": [ + "freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark to indicate a direction or relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad arrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark shaped like an arrowhead; used to mark convicts' clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call mark", + "call number", + "pressmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark consisting of characters written on a book; used to indicate shelf location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark used by an author or editor to indicate where something is to be inserted into a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check mark", + "check", + "tick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark indicating that something has been noted or completed etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character", + "grapheme", + "graphic symbol" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere", + "grafema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written symbol that is used to represent speech" + ], + "it": [ + "segno grafico che costituisce un elemento base di un sistema di scrittura o di un sistema simbolico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allograph" + ], + "it": [ + "allografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variant form of a grapheme, as `m' or `M' or a handwritten version of that grapheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readout", + "read-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the information displayed or recorded on an electronic device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character that is added to the end of a block of transmitted data and used to check the accuracy of the transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superscript", + "superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character or symbol set or printed or written above and immediately to one side of another character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscript", + "inferior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character or symbol set or printed or written beneath or slightly below and to the side of another character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ASCII character" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere ASCII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the standard code for representing characters by binary numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control character", + "ASCII control character" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere di controllo ASCII", + "carattere di controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ASCII characters to indicate carriage return or tab or backspace; typed by depressing a key and the control key at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backspace character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a control character that indicates moving a space to the left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diacritical mark", + "diacritic" + ], + "it": [ + "segno diacritico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark added to a letter to indicate a special pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditto mark", + "ditto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark used to indicate the word above it should be repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar mark", + "dollar sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark ($) written before a number to indicate that it stands for the number of dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar", + "dollar mark", + "dollar sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol of commercialism or greed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that forms the length of an arrow pointer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonogram" + ], + "it": [ + "fonogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any written symbol standing for a sound or syllable or morpheme or word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "cuspide", + "punta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accent", + "accent mark" + ], + "it": [ + "accento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark used to indicate stress or placed above a vowel to indicate a special pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress mark" + ], + "it": [ + "accento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark indicating the stress on a syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acute accent", + "acute", + "ague" + ], + "it": [ + "accento acuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark (') placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grave accent", + "grave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark (`) placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breve" + ], + "it": [ + "breve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (U-shaped) placed over a vowel to indicate a short sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedilla" + ], + "it": [ + "cediglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (,) placed below the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced as an s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumflex" + ], + "it": [ + "accento circonflesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (^) placed above a vowel in some languages to indicate a special phonetic quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacek", + "wedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (an inverted circumflex) placed above certain letters (such as the letter c) to indicate pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (-) placed above a vowel to indicate a long sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilde" + ], + "it": [ + "tilde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (~) placed over the letter n in Spanish to indicate a palatal nasal sound or over a vowel in Portuguese to indicate nasalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umlaut", + "dieresis", + "diaeresis" + ], + "it": [ + "dieresi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diacritical mark (two dots) placed over a vowel in German to indicate a change in sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "character consisting of two or more letters combined into one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogram" + ], + "it": [ + "cifra", + "monogramma", + "sigla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphic symbol consisting of 2 or more letters combined (usually your initials); printed on stationery or embroidered on clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital", + "capital letter", + "uppercase", + "upper-case letter", + "majuscule" + ], + "it": [ + "maiuscolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small letter", + "lowercase", + "lower-case letter", + "minuscule" + ], + "it": [ + "minuscola", + "minuscolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characters that were once kept in bottom half of a compositor's type case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small capital", + "small cap" + ], + "it": [ + "maiuscoletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printed characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete set of type suitable for printing text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "font", + "fount", + "typeface", + "face", + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "carattere", + "font", + "carattere tipografico", + "tipo di carattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific size and style of type within a type family" + ], + "it": [ + "serie completa di segni in un determinato tipo o stile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unicameral script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a script with a single case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicameral script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a script having two distinct cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typewriter font", + "constant-width font", + "fixed-width font", + "monospaced font" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface is which each character is given the same width (as by a typewriter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportional font" + ], + "it": [ + "font proporzionale", + "carattere proporzionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any font whose different characters have different widths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "font cartridge", + "cartridge font" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any font that is contained in a cartridge that can be plugged into a computer printer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic", + "black letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy typeface in use from 15th to 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern", + "modern font", + "Bodoni", + "Bodoni font" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old style", + "old style font" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface (based on an 18th century design) distinguished by irregularity and slanted ascender serifs and little contrast between light and heavy strokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boldface", + "bold face", + "bold" + ], + "it": [ + "grassetto", + "neretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface with thick heavy lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "italic" + ], + "it": [ + "corsivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface with letters slanting upward to the right" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo di carattere con le aste leggermente inclinate a destra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roman", + "roman type", + "roman letters", + "roman print" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen font", + "raster font" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the font that is displayed on a computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sans serif", + "Helvetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a typeface in which characters have no serifs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serif", + "seriph" + ], + "it": [ + "filetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short line at the end of the main strokes of a character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percent sign", + "percentage sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign (`%') used to indicate that the number preceding it should be understood as a proportion multiplied by 100" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterisk", + "star" + ], + "it": [ + "asterisco", + "stelletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star-shaped character * used in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dagger", + "obelisk" + ], + "it": [ + "obelisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double dagger", + "double obelisk", + "diesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter", + "letter of the alphabet", + "alphabetic character" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera", + "carattere", + "carattere alfabetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei segni con cui si rappresentano i suoni di un alfabeto (basato su lettere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lowercase letter that has a part extending above other lowercase letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lowercase letter that has a part extending below other lowercase letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digraph", + "digram" + ], + "it": [ + "digramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two successive letters (especially two letters used to represent a single sound: `sh' in `shoe')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initial" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first letter of a word (especially a person's name)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A", + "a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1st letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B", + "b" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C", + "c" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "D", + "d" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "E", + "e" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 5th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "F", + "f" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 6th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "G", + "g" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 7th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "H", + "h" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 8th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "I", + "i" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "J", + "j" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 10th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "K", + "k" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 11th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "L", + "l" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 12th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "M", + "m" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 13th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "N", + "n" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 14th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O", + "o" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 15th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "P", + "p" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 16th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Q", + "q" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 17th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "R", + "r" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 18th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "S", + "s" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T", + "t" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 20th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "U", + "u" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 21st letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V", + "v" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 22nd letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "W", + "w", + "double-u" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 23rd letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X", + "x", + "ex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 24th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Y", + "y", + "wye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 25th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Z", + "z", + "zee", + "zed", + "ezed", + "izzard" + ], + "it": [ + "zeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet" + ], + "it": [ + "la lettera Z" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha" + ], + "it": [ + "alfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1st letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta" + ], + "it": [ + "beta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma" + ], + "it": [ + "gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta" + ], + "it": [ + "delta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epsilon" + ], + "it": [ + "epsilon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 5th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 6th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eta" + ], + "it": [ + "eta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 7th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ], + "it": [ + "settima lettera dell'alfabeto greco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 8th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iota" + ], + "it": [ + "iota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 9th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 10th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambda" + ], + "it": [ + "labda", + "lambda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 13th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 14th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omicron" + ], + "it": [ + "omicron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 15th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rho" + ], + "it": [ + "ro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 17th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigma" + ], + "it": [ + "sigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 18th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upsilon" + ], + "it": [ + "ipsilon", + "ypsilon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 21st letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chi", + "khi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omega" + ], + "it": [ + "omega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last (24th) letter of the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aleph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 1st letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gimel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daleth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "he" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 5th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 6th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zayin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 7th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 8th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 9th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yodh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 10th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 11th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamedh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 12th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 13th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 14th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samekh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 15th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ayin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 16th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 17th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadhe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 18th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qoph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 19th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 20th letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 22nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 23rd letter of the Hebrew alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space", + "blank" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blank character used to separate successive words in writing or printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphone", + "polyphonic letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter that has two or more pronunciations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block letter", + "block capital" + ], + "it": [ + "stampatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain hand-drawn letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the letter A in red; Puritans required adulterers to wear it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonetic symbol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written character used in phonetic transcription of represent a particular speech sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical symbol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character that is used to indicates a mathematical relation or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rune", + "runic letter" + ], + "it": [ + "runa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any character from an ancient Germanic alphabet used in Scandinavia from the 3rd century to the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Germanic character of runic origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pictograph" + ], + "it": [ + "pittogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphic character used in picture writing" + ], + "it": [ + "disegno di una scrittura pittografica che rappresenta un oggetto o un'idea elementare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideogram", + "ideograph" + ], + "it": [ + "ideogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphic character that indicates the meaning of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo che rappresenta e suggerisce graficamente un concetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logogram", + "logograph" + ], + "it": [ + "logogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single written symbol that represents an entire word or phrase without indicating its pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character conveying the lexical meaning of a logogram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shorthand character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuation", + "punctuation mark" + ], + "it": [ + "interpunzione", + "segno d'interpunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the marks used to clarify meaning by indicating separation of words into sentences and clauses and phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ampersand" + ], + "it": [ + "e commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (&) used to represent conjunction (and)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostrophe" + ], + "it": [ + "apostrofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mark (') used to indicate the omission of one or more letters from a printed word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace" + ], + "it": [ + "graffa", + "grappa", + "parentesi graffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two punctuation marks ({ or }) used to enclose textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket", + "square bracket" + ], + "it": [ + "parentesi quadra", + "parentesi angolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two punctuation marks ([ or ]) used to enclose textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket", + "angle bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two punctuation marks (`<' or `>') used in computer programming and sometimes used to enclose textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colon" + ], + "it": [ + "due punti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comma" + ], + "it": [ + "virgola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclamation mark", + "exclamation point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto esclamativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (!) used after an exclamation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyphen", + "dash" + ], + "it": [ + "lineetta", + "trattino", + "trait d'union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parenthesis" + ], + "it": [ + "parentesi", + "parentesi tonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two punctuation marks (or) used to enclose textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "period", + "point", + "full stop", + "stop", + "full point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto", + "punto fermo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations" + ], + "it": [ + "segno di interpunzione che indica la fine di un periodo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension point" + ], + "it": [ + "puntino di sospensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) one of a series of points indicating that something has been omitted or that the sentence is incomplete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question mark", + "interrogation point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto interrogativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quotation mark", + "quote", + "inverted comma" + ], + "it": [ + "virgolette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single quote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single quotation mark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double quotes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of quotation marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scare quote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of quotation marks to indicate that it is not the authors preferred terminology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semicolon" + ], + "it": [ + "punto e virgola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (`;') used to connect independent clauses; indicates a closer relation than does a period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidus", + "slash", + "virgule", + "diagonal", + "stroke", + "separatrix" + ], + "it": [ + "barra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swung dash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punctuation mark used in text to indicate the omission of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name by which a corporation is identified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domain name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strings of letters and numbers (separated by periods) that are used to name organizations and computers and addresses on the internet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade name", + "brand name", + "brand", + "marque" + ], + "it": [ + "marca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name given to a product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label", + "recording label" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade name of a company that produces musical recordings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trademark" + ], + "it": [ + "marca", + "marchio", + "marchio di fabbrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formally registered symbol identifying the manufacturer or distributor of a product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authentication", + "hallmark", + "assay-mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark on an article of trade to indicate its origin and authenticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp", + "impression" + ], + "it": [ + "bollo", + "stampigliatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol that is the result of printing or engraving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprint", + "embossment" + ], + "it": [ + "impronta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impression produced by pressure or printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an identification of a publisher; a publisher's name along with the date and address and edition that is printed at the bottom of the title page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenue stamp", + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of adhesive paper that is put on an object to show that a government tax has been paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stamp affixed to a document (as to attest to its authenticity or to seal it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phylactery", + "tefillin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) either of two small leather cases containing texts from the Hebrew Scriptures (known collectively as tefillin); traditionally worn (on the forehead and the left arm) by Jewish men during morning prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol of cowardice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "musical scale" + ], + "it": [ + "scala musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flourish", + "fanfare", + "tucket" + ], + "it": [ + "fanfara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glissando" + ], + "it": [ + "glissando", + "strisciando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid series of ascending or descending notes on the musical scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoop", + "slide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) rapid sliding up or down the musical scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamut" + ], + "it": [ + "gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire scale of musical notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) an elaborate run of several notes sung to one syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic", + "keynote" + ], + "it": [ + "nota dominante", + "tonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the first note of a diatonic scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supertonic" + ], + "it": [ + "sopratonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the second note of a diatonic scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediant" + ], + "it": [ + "mediante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the third note of a diatonic scale; midway between the tonic and the dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdominant" + ], + "it": [ + "sottodominante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the fourth note of the diatonic scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominant" + ], + "it": [ + "dominante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the fifth note of the diatonic scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submediant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the sixth note of a major or minor scale (or the third below the tonic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtonic", + "leading tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the seventh note of the diatonic scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedal point", + "pedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sustained bass note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interval", + "musical interval" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference in pitch between two notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "whole tone", + "step", + "whole step" + ], + "it": [ + "tono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical interval of two semitones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semitone", + "half step" + ], + "it": [ + "semitono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between adjacent keys on a keyboard instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter tone", + "quarter-tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half of a semitone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octave", + "musical octave" + ], + "it": [ + "ottava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical interval of eight tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third" + ], + "it": [ + "terza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between one note and another three notes away from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourth" + ], + "it": [ + "quarta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between one note and another four notes away from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth" + ], + "it": [ + "quinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between one note and another five notes away from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixth" + ], + "it": [ + "sesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between one note and another six notes away from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventh" + ], + "it": [ + "settima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical interval between one note and another seven notes away from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trill", + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgheggio", + "trillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note that alternates rapidly with another note a semitone above it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diatonic scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scale with eight notes in an octave; all but two are separated by whole tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecclesiastical mode", + "Gregorian mode", + "church mode", + "medieval mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a system of modes used in Gregorian chants up until 1600; derived historically from the Greek mode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the descending diatonic scales in the music of classical Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major scale", + "major diatonic scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 3rd and 4th and 7th and 8th" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor scale", + "minor diatonic scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 2nd and 3rd and 5th and 6th" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatic scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 12-note scale including all the semitones of the octave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gapped scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical scale with fewer than seven notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentatonic scale", + "pentatone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gapped scale with five notes; usually the fourth and seventh notes of the diatonic scale are omitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mode", + "musical mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fixed orders of the various diatonic notes within an octave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff", + "stave" + ], + "it": [ + "pentagramma", + "rigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 5 horizontal marks comprising a staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the areas between or below or above the lines of a musical staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ledger line", + "leger line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short line; a notation for extending the range above or below the staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation written on a staff indicating the pitch of the notes following it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treble clef", + "treble staff", + "G clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di sol", + "chiave di violino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clef that puts the G above middle C on the second line of a staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass clef", + "F clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di basso", + "chiave di fa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clef that puts the F below middle C on the fourth line of a staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto clef", + "viola clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di contralto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clef that puts middle C on the third line of a staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movable clef that puts middle C on one of the lines of a staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soprano clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di soprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clef that puts middle C on the bottom line of the staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor clef" + ], + "it": [ + "chiave di tenore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clef that puts middle C on the fourth line of the staff; used for writing music for bassoons or cellos or tenor horns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key signature", + "signature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sharps or flats that follow the clef and indicate the key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key", + "tonality" + ], + "it": [ + "tonalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of 24 major or minor diatonic scales that provide the tonal framework for a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atonality", + "atonalism" + ], + "it": [ + "atonalità", + "dodecafonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of a key; alternative to the diatonic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major key", + "major mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a key whose harmony is based on the major scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor key", + "minor mode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a key based on the minor scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic key", + "home key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic key in which a piece of music is written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time signature", + "musical time signature" + ], + "it": [ + "indicazione del tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation indicating the number of beats to a measure and kind of note that takes a beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "battuta", + "misura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double bar" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notation marking the end of principal parts of a musical composition; two adjacent bar lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alla breve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical time signature indicating two or four half notes to a measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation indicating a silence of a specified duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "musical note", + "tone" + ], + "it": [ + "nota", + "nota musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound" + ], + "it": [ + "segno grafico convenzionale che, opportunamente disposto sul pentagramma, rappresenta l'altezza e la durata di un suono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slur" + ], + "it": [ + "legamento", + "legatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a curved line spanning notes that are to be played legato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a slur over two notes of the same pitch; indicates that the note is to be sustained for their combined time value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the keynote of the scale of C major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C major", + "C major scale", + "scale of C major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the major scale having no sharps or flats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharp" + ], + "it": [ + "diesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation indicating one half step higher than the note named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double sharp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation of two sharps in front of a note indicating that it is to be raised by two semitones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat" + ], + "it": [ + "bemolle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation indicating one half step lower than the note named" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation of two flats in front of a note indicating that it is to be lowered by two semitones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural", + "cancel" + ], + "it": [ + "beqquadro", + "bequadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a notation cancelling a previous sharp or flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accidental" + ], + "it": [ + "accidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation that makes a note sharp or flat or natural although that is not part of the key signature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical notation (over a note or chord or rest) that indicates it is to be prolonged by an unspecified amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solmization", + "solmisation" + ], + "it": [ + "solmizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of naming the notes of a musical scale by syllables instead of letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic solfa", + "solfa" + ], + "it": [ + "solfeggio", + "solfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of solmization using the solfa syllables: do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solfa syllable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the names for notes of a musical scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do", + "doh", + "ut" + ], + "it": [ + "do" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re", + "ray" + ], + "it": [ + "re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the second (supertonic) note of any major scale in solmization" + ], + "it": [ + "nota musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mi" + ], + "it": [ + "mi", + "mu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the third (mediant) note of any major scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fa" + ], + "it": [ + "fa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sol", + "soh", + "so" + ], + "it": [ + "sol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "la", + "lah" + ], + "it": [ + "la" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the sixth (submediant) note of a major or minor scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ti", + "te", + "si" + ], + "it": [ + "si" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a notation written at the beginning or end of a passage that is to be repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sforzando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arpeggio" + ], + "it": [ + "arpeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chord whose notes are played in rapid succession rather than simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sforzando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accented chord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle C" + ], + "it": [ + "do sotto il rigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the note designated by the first ledger line below the treble staff; 261.63 hertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chord" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination of three or more notes that blend harmoniously when sounded together" + ], + "it": [ + "combinazione armonica di due o più suoni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common chord", + "triad" + ], + "it": [ + "triade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-note major or minor chord; a note and its third and fifth tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seventh chord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triad with a seventh added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing note", + "passing tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonharmonic note inserted for transition between harmonic notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole note", + "semibreve" + ], + "it": [ + "semibreve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the longest time value (equal to four beats in common time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical rest equal in duration to four beats in common time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half note", + "minim" + ], + "it": [ + "minima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of half a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical rest having the time value of half a whole rest or equal in duration to two beats in common time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter note", + "crotchet" + ], + "it": [ + "semiminima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of a quarter of a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical rest having one-fourth the time value of a whole rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eighth note", + "quaver" + ], + "it": [ + "croma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixteenth note", + "semiquaver" + ], + "it": [ + "semicroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirty-second note", + "demisemiquaver" + ], + "it": [ + "biscroma", + "semibiscroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of a thirty-second of a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixty-fourth note", + "hemidemisemiquaver" + ], + "it": [ + "semibiscroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical note having the time value of a sixty-fourth of a whole note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace note", + "appoggiatura", + "acciaccatura" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellimento", + "appoggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embellishing note usually written in smaller size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singing voice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical quality of the voice while singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass", + "bass voice", + "basso" + ], + "it": [ + "voce di basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest adult male singing voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basso profundo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very deep bass voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baritone", + "baritone voice" + ], + "it": [ + "baritono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second lowest adult male singing voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor", + "tenor voice" + ], + "it": [ + "tenore", + "voce di tenore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the adult male singing voice above baritone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countertenor", + "alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest adult male singing voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contralto", + "alto" + ], + "it": [ + "contralto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest female singing voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzo-soprano", + "mezzo" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo soprano", + "mezzosoprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the female singing voice between contralto and soprano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest female voice; the voice of a boy before puberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication that relies on vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visual signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal that involves visual communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire lighted at night as a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual warning signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic light", + "traffic signal", + "stoplight" + ], + "it": [ + "semaforo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual signal to control the flow of traffic at intersections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green light", + "go-ahead" + ], + "it": [ + "verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal to proceed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red light" + ], + "it": [ + "semaforo rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the signal to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red light", + "warning light" + ], + "it": [ + "spia luminosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cautionary sign of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiot light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored warning light on an instrument panel (as for low oil pressure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the signal to proceed with caution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare", + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burst of light used to communicate or illuminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag", + "signal flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular piece of fabric used as a signalling device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennant" + ], + "it": [ + "bandierina", + "fiamma", + "gagliardetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag longer than it is wide (and often tapering)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code flag", + "nautical signal flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of an international code of flag signals used between ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue peter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blue flag with a white square in the center indicates that the vessel is ready to sail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign language", + "signing" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio dei muti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language expressed by visible hand gestures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger spelling", + "fingerspelling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alphabet of manual signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ASL", + "American sign language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sign language used in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ], + "it": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gesture that is part of a sign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesture", + "motion" + ], + "it": [ + "gesticolazione", + "gesto", + "gestualità", + "mimica", + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesticulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate and vigorous gesture or motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body language" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio del corpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication via the movements or attitudes of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beckoning gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial expression", + "facial gesture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gesture executed with the facial muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of openmouthed astonishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rictus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gaping grimace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grimace", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "boccaccia", + "gestaccio", + "smorfia", + "versaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contorted facial expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pout", + "moue", + "wry face" + ], + "it": [ + "broncio", + "cipiglio", + "muso", + "mutria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disdainful grimace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frown", + "scowl" + ], + "it": [ + "cipiglio", + "occhiaccio", + "espressione accigliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facial expression of dislike or displeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silly self-conscious smile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smile", + "smiling", + "grin", + "grinning" + ], + "it": [ + "sorriso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a facial expression characteristic of a person laughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smirk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sorriso compiaciuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smile expressing smugness or scorn instead of pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snarl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angry vicious expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious facial expression giving no evidence of interest or amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wink" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiccamento", + "ammicco", + "cenno", + "strizzata d'occhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closing one eye quickly as a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the facial expression of sudden pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstration", + "demo" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual presentation showing how something works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display", + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrazione", + "manifestazione", + "mostra", + "sbandieramento", + "sfoggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something intended to communicate a particular impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of the eyes between two people that expresses meaningful nonverbal communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display of force or power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaudery", + "pomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheap or pretentious or vain display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expression", + "manifestation", + "reflection", + "reflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione", + "espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expression without words" + ], + "it": [ + "forma concreta in cui si traducono pensieri, sentimenti e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemplification", + "illustration" + ], + "it": [ + "esemplificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showing by example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emblem", + "allegory" + ], + "it": [ + "emblema", + "insegna", + "personificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible symbol representing an abstract idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol for love in the form of a cherubic naked boy with wings and a bow and arrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donkey" + ], + "it": [ + "asino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dove" + ], + "it": [ + "colombella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem of peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem representing power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elephant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the symbol of the Republican Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bundle of rods containing an axe with the blade protruding; in ancient Rome it was a symbol of a magistrate's power; in modern Italy it is a symbol of fascism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national flag", + "ensign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem flown as a symbol of nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer and sickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emblem on the flag of the Soviet Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emblem of socialist revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Star of David", + "Shield of David", + "Magen David", + "Mogen David", + "Solomon's seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badge" + ], + "it": [ + "distintivo", + "fregio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem (a small piece of plastic or cloth or metal) that signifies your status (rank or membership or affiliation etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merit badge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a badge award to Boy Scouts in recognition of special projects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insignia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a badge worn to show official position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agnus Dei", + "Paschal Lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "figure of a lamb; emblematic of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple-leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emblem of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medallion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem indicating that a taxicab is registered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emblem (an eagle with wings and legs spread) on the obverse of the Great Seal of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swastika", + "Hakenkreuz" + ], + "it": [ + "croce uncinata", + "svastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official emblem of the Nazi Party and the Third Reich; a cross with the arms bent at right angles in a clockwise direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantle" + ], + "it": [ + "mantello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cloak as a symbol of authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crown" + ], + "it": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo del potere e della dignità regali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the symbol of the power of the British monarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caduceus" + ], + "it": [ + "caduceo", + "vincastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignia used by the medical profession; modeled after the staff of Hermes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insignia of rank" + ], + "it": [ + "mostrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignia worn on a military uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something worn on the shoulder of a military uniform as an emblem of a division etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service stripe", + "hashmark", + "hash mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignia worn to indicate years of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence of identity; something that identifies a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence proving that you are who you say you are; evidence establishing that you are among the group of people already known to the system; recognition by the system leads to acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evidence proving that you are not who you say you are not; evidence establishing that you are not among a group of people already known to the system; recognition by the system leads to rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facial profiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identification of criminals and terrorist by means of videotapes of their faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generic term for any identifying characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistic profiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using speech characteristics or dialect to identify a speaker's race or religion or social class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recording a person's behavior and analyzing psychological characteristics in order to predict or assess their ability in a certain sphere or to identify a particular group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green card" + ], + "it": [ + "permesso di soggiorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card that identifies the bearer as an alien with permanent resident status in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ID", + "I.D." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card or badge used to identify the bearer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal identification number", + "PIN", + "PIN number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number you choose and use to gain access to various accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection" + ], + "it": [ + "proiezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the projection of an image from a film onto a screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display" + ], + "it": [ + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibiting openly in public view" + ], + "it": [ + "l'atto del mostrare pubblicamente, del mettere in vista qualcosa per scopi diversi: informazione, pubblicizzazione, venerazione e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acting out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychiatry) the display of previously inhibited emotions (often in actions rather than words); considered to be healthy and therapeutic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "array" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impressive display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screening", + "showing", + "viewing" + ], + "it": [ + "messa in onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the display of a motion picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preview" + ], + "it": [ + "anteprima", + "vernissage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a screening for a select audience in advance of release for the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preview", + "prevue", + "trailer" + ], + "it": [ + "trailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak preview" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "anteprima non ufficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preview to test audience reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight" + ], + "it": [ + "mira", + "mirino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacle" + ], + "it": [ + "spettacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostentation", + "fanfare", + "flash" + ], + "it": [ + "ostentamento", + "ostentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gaudy outward display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bravado", + "bluster" + ], + "it": [ + "bravata", + "spacconeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swaggering show of courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibitionism" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravagant and conspicuous behavior intended to attract attention to yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ostentatious display of elegance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splurge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ostentatious display (of effort or extravagance etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedantry" + ], + "it": [ + "cavillosità", + "dottoraggine", + "meticolosaggine", + "pedantaggine", + "pedanteria", + "pedantismo", + "saccenteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ostentatious and inappropriate display of learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flourish", + "brandish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of waving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flourish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display of ornamental speech or language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flourish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a showy gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flourish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental embellishment in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flourish added after or under your signature (originally to protect against forgery)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of displaying something ostentatiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation" + ], + "it": [ + "presentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making something publicly available; presenting news or other information by broadcasting or printing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unveiling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting on display for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performance", + "public presentation" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizione", + "rappresentazione", + "interpretazione", + "spettacolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dramatic or musical entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "routine", + "number", + "turn", + "bit" + ], + "it": [ + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program" + ], + "it": [ + "singola esibizione all'interno di uno spettacolo, specialmente di varietà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show-stopper", + "showstopper", + "stopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act so striking or impressive that the show must be delayed until the audience quiets down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit" + ], + "it": [ + "spettacolo di benficenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance to raise money for a charitable cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit concert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concert given for the benefit of some charitable cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert" + ], + "it": [ + "concerto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock concert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance of rock music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pianism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performance by or technique of a pianist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performance of a play by a group of readers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first public performance of a play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recital" + ], + "it": [ + "concerto", + "recital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performance of music or dance especially by soloists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendition", + "rendering" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song and dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theatrical performance combining singing and dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theatrical performance", + "theatrical", + "representation", + "histrionics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performance of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matinee" + ], + "it": [ + "matinée" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical performance held during the daytime (especially in the afternoon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectacular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lavishly produced performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world premiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the first public performance (as of a dramatic or musical work) anywhere in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artificial language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that is deliberately created for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language related to Ido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language intended for international use as an auxiliary language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basic English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simplified form of English proposed for use as an auxiliary language for international communication; devised by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blaia Zimondal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esperantido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based on Esperanto and Ido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esperanto" + ], + "it": [ + "esperanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based as far as possible on words common to all the European languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language proposed as an auxiliary European language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Idiom Neutral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language proposed for use as an auxiliary international language; based on Volapuk but with a vocabulary selected on the basis of the maximum internationality of the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Interlingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language proposed for use as an auxiliary international language; based on words common to English and the Romance languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language that is a revision and simplification of Esperanto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latinesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based on Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based on words common to the Romance languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latino sine flexione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Latino without inflectional morphology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lingualumina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lingvo Kosmopolita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nov-Esperanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based on Esperanto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Novial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nov-Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language based on Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occidental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Optez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasigraphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial international language using characters (as mathematical symbols) instead of words to express ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language for international use that rejects all existing words and is based instead on an abstract analysis of ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solresol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volapuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the first artificial language constructed for use as an auxiliary international language; based largely on English but with some German and French and Latin roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "programming language", + "programing language" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio di programmazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a language designed for programming computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algebraic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an algorithmic language having statements that resemble algebraic expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algorithmic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language designed to express algorithms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "application-oriented language", + "problem-oriented language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language whose statements resemble terminology of the user" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly language" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio assemblativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-level programing language; close approximation to machine language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command language", + "query language", + "search language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source language consisting of procedural operators that invoke functions to be executed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer language", + "computer-oriented language", + "machine language", + "machine-oriented language" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio macchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programming language designed for use on a specific class of computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-level language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem-oriented language requiring little knowledge of the computer on which it will be run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job-control language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a problem-oriented language used to describe job requirements to an operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalanguage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that can be used to describe languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multidimensional language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programming language whose expressions are assembled in more than one dimension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object language", + "target language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer language into which something written in another computer language is to be translated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object-oriented programming language", + "object-oriented programing language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a programming language that enables the programmer to associate a set of procedures with each type of data structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Java" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a platform-independent object-oriented programming language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-dimensional language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programming language whose expressions are represented by strings of characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratified language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that cannot be used as its own metalanguage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language used to describe the syntax of another language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unstratified language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programming language that (like natural language) can be used as its own metalanguage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ALGOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(from a combination of ALGOrithmic and Language); a programming language used to express computer programs as algorithms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LISP", + "list-processing language" + ], + "it": [ + "LISP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible procedure-oriented programing language that manipulates symbols in the form of lists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LISP program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program written in LISP" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prolog", + "logic programing", + "logic programming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer language designed in Europe to support natural language processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "FORTRAN" + ], + "it": [ + "Fortran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-level programing language for mathematical and scientific purposes; stands for formula translation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "FORTRAN program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program written in FORTRAN" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "COBOL" + ], + "it": [ + "COBOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common business-oriented language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C program" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a program written in C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "BASIC" + ], + "it": [ + "BASIC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular programming language that is relatively easy to learn; an acronym for beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code; no longer in general use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pascal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programing language designed to teach programming through a top-down modular approach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "software that provides better performance than an earlier version did" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language that a person has spoken from earliest childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indigenous language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language that originated in a specified place and was not brought to that place from elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substrate", + "substratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superstrate", + "superstratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural language", + "tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua", + "linguaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human written or spoken language used by a community; opposed to e.g. a computer language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother tongue", + "maternal language", + "first language" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua materna", + "linguamadre", + "madre lingua", + "madrelingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one's native language; the language learned by children and passed from one generation to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone language", + "tonal language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language in which different tones distinguish different meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tone language that uses pitch changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tone language that uses different voice registers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creole" + ], + "it": [ + "creolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mother tongue that originates from contact between two languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haitian Creole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creole language spoken by most Haitians; based on French and various African languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pidgin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial language used for trade between speakers of different languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinook Jargon", + "Oregon Jargon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pidgin incorporating Chinook and French and English words; formerly used as a lingua franca in northwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trade language widely used in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingua franca", + "interlanguage", + "koine" + ], + "it": [ + "coinè", + "koinè", + "lingua franca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common language used by speakers of different languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amerind", + "Amerindian language", + "American-Indian language", + "American Indian", + "Indian" + ], + "it": [ + "amerindiano", + "amerindio", + "indiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the languages spoken by Amerindians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algonquian", + "Algonquin", + "Algonquian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of North American Indian languages spoken from Labrador to South Carolina and west to the Great Plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atakapa", + "Atakapan", + "Attacapa", + "Attacapan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language spoken by the Atakapa of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athapaskan", + "Athapascan", + "Athabaskan", + "Athabascan", + "Athapaskan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abnaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Abnaki and Penobscot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algonkian", + "Algonkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Algonkian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arapaho", + "Arapahoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Arapaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biloxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Biloxi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the Algonquian languages spoken by the Blackfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catawba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Catawba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheyenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Cheyenne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiwere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Iowa and Oto and Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iowa", + "Ioway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oto", + "Otoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Oto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Cree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siouan language spoken by the Crow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Delaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhegiha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Siouan languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hidatsa", + "Gros Ventre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siouan language spoken by the Hidatsa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunkpapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siouan language spoken by the Hunkpapa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illinois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Illinois and Miami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Na-Dene language of the Haida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansa", + "Kansas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Kansa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kickapoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Kickapoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malecite", + "Maleseet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Malecite and Passamaquody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachuset", + "Massachusetts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Massachuset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menomini", + "Menominee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Menomini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micmac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Micmac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohican", + "Mahican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Mohican" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanticoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Nanticoke and Conoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siouan language spoken by the Ofo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oglala", + "Ogalala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siouan language spoken by the Oglala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ojibwa", + "Ojibway", + "Chippewa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Ojibwa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omaha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Omaha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Osage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pamlico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Pamlico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ponca", + "Ponka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Ponca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potawatomi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Potawatomi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powhatan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language of the Powhatan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quapaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Quapaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shawnee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Algonquian language spoken by the Shawnee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alabama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language of the Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chickasaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language of the Chickasaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Choctaw", + "Chahta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language of the Choctaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hitchiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language spoken by the Hitchiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koasati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language spoken by the Koasati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muskogee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language spoken by the Muskogee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Santee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seminole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muskhogean language of the Seminole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tlingit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Na-Dene language spoken by the Tlingit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tutelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Tutelo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winnebago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Siouan language spoken by the Winnebago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muskhogean", + "Muskhogean language", + "Muskogean", + "Muskogean language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages spoken in the southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Na-Dene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mosan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Amerindian languages spoken in Washington and British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chemakuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Mosan languages spoken in Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chemakum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chemakuan language spoken by the Chemakum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salish", + "Salishan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Mosan language spoken in northwestern United States and western Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skagit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Salishan dialect spoken by the Skagit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wakashan", + "Wakashan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages of British Columbia and Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwakiutl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Wakashan language spoken by the Kwakiutl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nootka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Wakashan language spoken by the Nootka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shoshone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Shoshone (belonging to the Uto-Aztecan family)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comanche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shoshonean language spoken by the Comanche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shoshonean language spoken by the Hopi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paiute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shoshonean language spoken by the Paiute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shoshonean language spoken by the Utes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shoshonean", + "Shoshonean language", + "Shoshonian", + "Shoshonian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subfamily of Uto-Aztecan languages spoken mainly in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caddo", + "Caddoan", + "Caddoan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages spoken widely in the Midwest by the Caddo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arikara", + "Aricara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Caddoan language spoken by the Arikara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pawnee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Caddoan language spoken by the Pawnee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wichita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Caddoan language spoken by the Wichita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherokee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cayuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Cayuga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Mohawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seneca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Seneca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oneida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Oneida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onondaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Onondaga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscarora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iroquoian language spoken by the Tuscarora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iroquoian", + "Iroquois", + "Iroquoian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages spoken by the Iroquois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quechua", + "Quechuan", + "Quechuan language", + "Kechua", + "Kechuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Quechua which was spoken by the Incas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guarani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Guarani of Paraguay and Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maraco", + "Maracan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Maraco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Tupi of Brazil and Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupi-Guarani", + "Tupi-Guarani language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of South American Indian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arawak", + "Arawakan" + ], + "it": [ + "aruaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of South American Indian languages spoken in northeastern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carib", + "Caribbean language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of languages spoken by the Carib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eskimo-Aleut", + "Eskimo-Aleut language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of languages that includes Eskimo and Aleut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eskimo", + "Esquimau" + ], + "it": [ + "eschimese", + "esquimese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Eskimo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Aleut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uto-Aztecan", + "Uto-Aztecan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of American Indian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Pima" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aztecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Aztec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nahuatl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Nahuatl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cahita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uto-Aztecan language of the Cahita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatahumara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uto-Aztecan language of the Tatahumara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zapotec", + "Zapotecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Zapotec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maya", + "Mayan", + "Mayan language" + ], + "it": [ + "maya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of American Indian languages spoken by Maya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apache" + ], + "it": [ + "apache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Apache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiricahua Apache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apache language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Carlos Apache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Apache language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navaho", + "Navajo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Athapaskan language spoken by the Navaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Athapaskan language spoken by the Hupa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mattole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Athapaskan language spoken by the Mattole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chipewyan", + "Chippewyan", + "Chippewaian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language spoken by the Chipewyan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siouan", + "Siouan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian languages spoken by the Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanoan", + "Tanoan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of North American Indian language spoken in southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiowa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tanoan language spoken by the Kiowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hokan", + "Hoka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Amerindian languages spoken in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimariko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hokan language spoken by the Chimariko" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esselen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hokan language spoken by the Esselen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kulanapan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages of the Hokan family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Kulanapan language spoken by the Pomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quoratean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages of the Hokan family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Quoratean language of the Karok" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shastan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages of the Hokan family in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achomawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shastan language spoken by the Achomawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atsugewi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shastan language spoken by the Atsugewi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shastan language spoken by the Shasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yuman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of language of the Hokan family in Arizona and California and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akwa'ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Akwa'ala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Cochimi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocopa", + "Cocopah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Cocopa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diegueno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Diegueno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Havasupai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Havasupai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Kamia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiliwa", + "Kiliwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Kiliwa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maricopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Maricopa and the Halchidhoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohave", + "Mojave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Mohave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walapai", + "Hualapai", + "Hualpai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Walapai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yavapai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Yavapai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yuman language spoken by the Yuma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yanan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language group of the Hokan family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yahi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yanan language spoken by the Yahi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Yanan language spoken by the Yana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penutian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Amerindian language spoken in the great interior valley of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copehan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Penutian languages spoken to the west of the Sacramento river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Copehan language spoken by the Patwin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wintun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Copehan language spoken by the Wintun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Costanoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Costanoan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mariposan", + "Yokuts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Yokuts in the San Joaquin Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moquelumnan", + "Miwok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Miwok" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pujunan", + "Maidu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Maidu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinookan", + "Chinook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Chinook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalapooian", + "Kalapuyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Kalapuya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kusan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Kusan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shahaptian", + "Sahaptin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Shahaptian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nez Perce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shahaptian language spoken by the Nez Perce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Takilman", + "Takelma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Takelma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tsimshian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Penutian language spoken by the Tsimshian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kekchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mayan language spoken by the Kekchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mayan language spoken by the Mam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yucatec", + "Yucateco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mayan language spoken by the Yucatec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mayan language spoken by the Quiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cakchiquel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mayan language spoken by the Cakchiquel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Altaic", + "Altaic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of related languages spoken in Asia and southeastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turki", + "Turkic", + "Turko-Tatar", + "Turkic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subfamily of Altaic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish" + ], + "it": [ + "turco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkic language spoken by the Turks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkmen", + "Turkoman", + "Turcoman" + ], + "it": [ + "turkmeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Turkoman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azerbaijani" + ], + "it": [ + "azerbaigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Azerbaijani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazak", + "Kazakh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Kazak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Tatar living from the Volga to the Ural Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uzbek", + "Uzbeg", + "Uzbak", + "Usbek", + "Usbeg" + ], + "it": [ + "usbecco", + "usbeco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Uzbek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uighur", + "Uigur", + "Uygur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by approximately 7,000,000 Uighur in extreme northwestern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yakut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Yakut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirghiz", + "Kirgiz", + "Khirghiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Kirghiz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karakalpak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Karakalpak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chuvash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkic language spoken by the Chuvash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chagatai", + "Jagatai", + "Jaghatai", + "Eastern Turki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkic literary language of medieval central Asia (named for one of the sons of Genghis Khan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chukchi", + "Chukchi language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indigenous and isolated language of unknown origin spoken by the Chukchi that is pronounced differently by men and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tungusic", + "Tungusic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Altaic languages spoken in Mongolia and neighboring areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tungus", + "Tunguz", + "Evenki", + "Ewenki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tungusic language of the Evenki in eastern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchu" + ], + "it": [ + "manciù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tungusic language spoken by the Manchu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian", + "Mongolic", + "Mongolic language" + ], + "it": [ + "mongolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Altaic language spoken in Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khalkha", + "Khalka", + "Kalka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Khalkha that is the official language of the Mongolian People's Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean" + ], + "it": [ + "coreano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Altaic language spoken by Koreans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese" + ], + "it": [ + "giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language (usually considered to be Altaic) spoken by the Japanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ryukyuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language (related to Japanese) that is spoken by the people of the Ryukyu Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinitic", + "Sinitic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Sino-Tibetan languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese" + ], + "it": [ + "cinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in China; regarded as dialects of a single language (even though they are mutually unintelligible) because they share an ideographic writing system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandarin", + "Mandarin Chinese", + "Mandarin dialect", + "Beijing dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Chinese spoken in Beijing and adopted as the official language for all of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wu", + "Wu dialect", + "Shanghai dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Chinese spoken in the Yangtze delta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yue", + "Yue dialect", + "Cantonese", + "Cantonese dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Chinese spoken in Canton and neighboring provinces and in Hong Kong and elsewhere outside China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Min", + "Min dialect", + "Fukien", + "Fukkianese", + "Hokkianese", + "Amoy", + "Taiwanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the forms of Chinese spoken in Fukien province" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hakka", + "Hakka dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Chinese spoken in southeastern China by the Hakka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sino-Tibetan", + "Sino-Tibetan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of tonal languages spoken in eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibeto-Burman", + "Tibeto-Burman language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages spoken from Tibet to the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qiang", + "Qiangic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Sichuan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bai", + "Baic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the Dali region of Yunnan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himalayish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Tibet and Nepal and Bhutan and Sikkim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i72999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamarupan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in northeastern India and adjacent regions of western Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karen", + "Karenic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the Thailand and Burmese borderlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lolo-Burmese", + "Burmese-Yi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tibeto-Burman language spoken in northern Burma and Yunnan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmese" + ], + "it": [ + "birmano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loloish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "languages spoken by hill tribes in northern Burma and neighboring areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lisu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Loloish language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hani", + "Akha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Loloish language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lahu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Loloish language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lolo", + "Yi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Loloish language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kachin", + "Kachinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Tibeto-Burman languages spoken in northernmost Burma and adjacent China and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jinghpo", + "Jinghpaw", + "Chingpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Kachinic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuki", + "Chin", + "Kuki-Chin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Kamarupan languages spoken in western Burma and Bangladesh and easternmost India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Kamarupan languages spoken in northeastern India and western Burma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mikir-Meithei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Kamarupan languages spoken in the states of Manipur and Assam in northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bodo-Garo", + "Barish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Kamarupan languages spoken in the state of Assam in northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miri", + "Mirish", + "Abor", + "Dafla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "little known Kamarupan languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibetan" + ], + "it": [ + "tibetano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Himalayish language spoken in Tibet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Himalayish language spoken in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kadai", + "Kam-Tai", + "Kadai language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kam-Sui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Kadai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most widespread and best known of the Kadai family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White Tai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Tai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai Dam", + "Black Tai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai Nuea", + "Chinese Shan", + "Dehong Dai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai Long", + "Shan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai Lue", + "Xishuangbanna Dai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tai Yuan", + "Kam Muang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khuen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Tai language of a Buddhist people living in the area of the Mekong River in Thailand and Laos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khamti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern Tai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thai", + "Siamese", + "Central Thai" + ], + "it": [ + "tailandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bouyei", + "Buyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zhuang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Tai languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austro-Asiatic", + "Austro-Asiatic language", + "Munda-Mon-Khmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of languages spoken in southern and southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of languages spoken by people scattered throughout central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mon-Khmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Austro-Asiatic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hmong", + "Hmong language", + "Miao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language of uncertain affiliation spoken by the Hmong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vietnamese", + "Annamese", + "Annamite" + ], + "it": [ + "vietnamita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mon-Khmer language spoken in Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khmer" + ], + "it": [ + "Khmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mon-Khmer language spoken in Cambodia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mon-Khmer language spoken by the Mon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austronesian", + "Austronesian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of languages spoken in Australia and Formosa and Malaysia and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malayo-Polynesian", + "Polynesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the Austronesian languages spoken from Madagascar to the central Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oceanic", + "Eastern Malayo-Polynesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern subfamily of Malayo-Polynesian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tongan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Polynesian language spoken by the Tongan people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tahitian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Oceanic language spoken on Tahiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maori" + ], + "it": [ + "maori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Oceanic language spoken by the Maori in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian" + ], + "it": [ + "hawaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Oceanic languages spoken on Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fijian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Oceanic language spoken on Fiji" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Malayo-Polynesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a western subfamily of Malayo-Polynesian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malay" + ], + "it": [ + "malese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a western subfamily of Western Malayo-Polynesian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaysian", + "Bahasa Malaysia", + "Bahasa Melayu", + "Bahasa Kebangsaan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Malay language spoken in Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian", + "Bahasa Indonesia", + "Bahasa" + ], + "it": [ + "indonesiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Malay used as the national language of the Republic of Indonesia or of Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Javanese" + ], + "it": [ + "giavanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indonesian language spoken on Java" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sundanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indonesian language spoken in the Lesser Sunda Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indonesian language of the people of Bali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippine", + "Filipino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official language of the Philippines; based on Tagalog; draws its lexicon from other Philippine languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tagalog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Tagalog on which Filipino is based" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebuan", + "Cebuano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language of the people of Cebu in the Philippines; its lexicon contributes to the official language of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian", + "Aboriginal Australian" + ], + "it": [ + "australiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Austronesian languages spoken by Australian aborigines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dyirbal", + "Jirrbal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language of Australian aborigines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walbiri", + "Warlpiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language of Australian aborigines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Formosan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Austronesian languages spoken on Formosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tayalic", + "Atayalic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language spoken by a Malaysian people on Formosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tsouic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Formosan language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paiwanic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Formosan language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papuan", + "Papuan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the indigenous languages spoken in Papua New Guinea or New Britain or the Solomon Islands that are not Malayo-Polynesian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khoisan", + "Khoisan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of languages spoken in southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khoikhoin", + "Khoikhoi", + "Hottentot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the Khoisan languages spoken by the pastoral people of Namibia and South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indo-European", + "Indo-European language", + "Indo-Hittite" + ], + "it": [ + "indoeuropeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of languages that by 1000 BC were spoken throughout Europe and in parts of southwestern and southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proto-Indo European", + "PIE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prehistoric unrecorded language that was the ancestor of all Indo-European languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albanian" + ], + "it": [ + "albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indo-European language spoken by the people of Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gheg", + "Gheg dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Albanian spoken in northern Albania and Yugoslavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tosk", + "Tosk dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Albanian spoken in southern Albania and in areas of Greece and Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian", + "Armenian language" + ], + "it": [ + "armeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indo-European language spoken predominantly in Armenia, but also in Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illyrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor and almost extinct branch of the Indo-European languages; spoken along the Dalmatian coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thraco-Phrygian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family thought by some to be related to Armenian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thracian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Thraco-Phrygian language spoken by the ancient people of Thrace but extinct by the early Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phrygian" + ], + "it": [ + "frigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Thraco-Phrygian language spoken by the ancient inhabitants of Phrygia and now extinct--preserved only in a few inscriptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balto-Slavic", + "Balto-Slavic language", + "Balto-Slavonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Indo-European languages including the Slavic and Baltic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slavic", + "Slavic language", + "Slavonic", + "Slavonic language" + ], + "it": [ + "slavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Church Slavonic", + "Old Church Slavic", + "Church Slavic", + "Old Bulgarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language into which the Bible was translated in the 9th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian" + ], + "it": [ + "russo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language that is the official language of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belarusian", + "Byelorussian", + "White Russian" + ], + "it": [ + "belorusso", + "bielorusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language spoken in Belarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ukrainian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language spoken in the Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polish" + ], + "it": [ + "polacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language of Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovak" + ], + "it": [ + "slovacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language spoken in Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czech" + ], + "it": [ + "ceco", + "cecoslovacco", + "ceko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language of Czechs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovene" + ], + "it": [ + "sloveno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language of Slovenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serbo-Croat", + "Serbo-Croatian" + ], + "it": [ + "serbocroato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language of the Serbs and Croats; the Serbian dialect is usually written in the Cyrillic alphabet and the Croatian dialect is usually written in the Roman alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sorbian", + "Lusatian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Slavonic language spoken in rural area of southeastern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macedonian" + ], + "it": [ + "macedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Slavic language of modern Macedonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulgarian" + ], + "it": [ + "bulgaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Slavic language spoken in Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltic", + "Baltic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European family of languages related to the Slavonic languages; Baltic languages have preserved many archaic features that are believed to have existed in Proto-Indo European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Prussian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dead language of the (non-German) Prussians (extinct after 1700); thought to belong to the Baltic branch of Indo-European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithuanian" + ], + "it": [ + "lituano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Lithuania; belongs to the Baltic branch of Indo-European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latvian", + "Lettish" + ], + "it": [ + "lettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Latvia; belongs to the Baltic branch of Indo-European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Germanic", + "Germanic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European family of languages; members that are spoken currently fall into two major groups: Scandinavian and West Germanic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Germanic", + "West Germanic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Germanic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English", + "English language" + ], + "it": [ + "inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American English", + "American language", + "American" + ], + "it": [ + "americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English language as used in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African American Vernacular English", + "AAVE", + "African American English", + "Black English", + "Black English Vernacular", + "Black Vernacular", + "Black Vernacular English", + "Ebonics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonstandard form of American English characteristically spoken by African Americans in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nonstandard dialect of natives of the east end of London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geordie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nonstandard dialect of natives of Newcastle-upon-Tyne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King's English", + "Queen's English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English as spoken by educated persons in southern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Received Pronunciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the approved pronunciation of British English; originally based on the King's English as spoken at public schools and at Oxford and Cambridge Universities (and widely accepted elsewhere in Britain); until recently it was the pronunciation of English used in British broadcasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English from about 1100 to 1450" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Midland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Middle English that replaced West Saxon as the literary language and which developed into Modern English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Midland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Middle English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Middle English that developed into Scottish Lallans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Middle English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southwestern", + "West Saxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Middle English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Modern English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English since about 1450" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old English", + "Anglo-Saxon" + ], + "it": [ + "anglosassone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English prior to about 1100" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Saxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary dialect of Old English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the major dialects of Old English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentish", + "Jutish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the major dialects of Old English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of English spoken at Oxford University and regarded by many as affected and pretentious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scottish", + "Scots", + "Scots English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of English used in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lallans", + "Scottish Lallans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of English spoken in the Lowlands of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German", + "High German", + "German language" + ], + "it": [ + "tedesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the standard German language; developed historically from West Germanic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old High German" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "High German prior to 1200" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle High German" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "High German from 1100 to 1500" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yiddish" + ], + "it": [ + "yiddish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of High German including some Hebrew and other words; spoken in Europe as a vernacular by many Jews; written in the Hebrew script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennsylvania Dutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of High German spoken in parts of Pennsylvania and Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low German", + "Plattdeutsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German dialect spoken in northern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Saxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Low German prior to 1200" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle Low German" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Low German from 1100 to 1500" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch" + ], + "it": [ + "olandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the West Germanic language of the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flemish", + "Flemish dialect" + ], + "it": [ + "fiammingo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two official languages of Belgium; closely related to Dutch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afrikaans", + "Taal", + "South African Dutch" + ], + "it": [ + "afrikaans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official language of the Republic of South Africa; closely related to Dutch and Flemish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proto-Norse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Germanic language of Scandinavia up until about 700" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Norse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extinct Germanic language of medieval Scandinavia and Iceland from about to 700 to 1350" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Icelandic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extinct dialect of Old Norse that was spoken in Iceland up until about 1600" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two distinct works in Old Icelandic dating from the late 13th century and consisting of 34 mythological and heroic ballads composed between 800 and 1200; the primary source for Scandinavian mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian", + "Scandinavian language", + "Nordic", + "Norse", + "North Germanic", + "North Germanic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northern family of Germanic languages that are spoken in Scandinavia and Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danish" + ], + "it": [ + "danese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icelandic" + ], + "it": [ + "islandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian language that is spoken in Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bokmal", + "Bokmaal", + "Dano-Norwegian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "book language; one of two official languages of Norway; closely related to Danish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riksmal", + "Riksmaal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in 1929 this dialect of Norwegian was officially renamed Bokmal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nynorsk", + "New Norwegian", + "Landsmal", + "Landsmaal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two official languages of Norway; based on rural dialects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish" + ], + "it": [ + "svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Sweden and one of two official languages of Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faroese", + "Faeroese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian language (closely related to Icelandic) that is spoken on the Faroe Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisian" + ], + "it": [ + "frisone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a West Germanic language spoken in Friesland in the northwestern Netherlands; a near relative of English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Frisian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Frisian language until the 16th century; the Germanic language of ancient Frisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Germanic", + "East Germanic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct branch of the Germanic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic" + ], + "it": [ + "gotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct East Germanic language of the ancient Goths; the only surviving record being fragments of a 4th-century translation of the Bible by Bishop Ulfilas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ural-Altaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (postulated) group of languages including many of the indigenous languages of Russia (but not Russian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uralic", + "Uralic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Ural-Altaic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finno-Ugric", + "Finno-Ugrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Uralic languages indigenous to Scandinavia and Hungary and Russia and western Siberia (prior to the Slavic expansion into those regions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fennic", + "Finnic", + "Non-Ugric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two branches of the Finno-Ugric languages; a family of languages including Finnish and Estonian (but not Hungarian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Udmurt", + "Votyak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Finnic language spoken by the Votyak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Permic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Finnic languages spoken in the northwest Urals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Komi", + "Zyrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Finnic language spoken by the Komi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volgaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Finnic languages spoken around the Volga river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheremis", + "Cheremiss", + "Mari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Finnic language spoken by the Cheremis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mordva", + "Mordvin", + "Mordvinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Finnic language spoken by the Mordvinians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltic-Finnic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Finnic languages including Finnish and Estonian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Finnic language spoken by the people of Livonia in Estonia and Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Estonian", + "Esthonian" + ], + "it": [ + "estone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Estonia; belongs to the Baltic-Finnic family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karelian", + "Carelian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Finnic language spoken by the people of Karelia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ludian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Baltic-Finnic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finnish", + "Suomi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Finland; belongs to the Baltic Finnic family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veps", + "Vepse", + "Vepsian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Finnic language spoken by the Veps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ingrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Finnic language spoken by the Ingrian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ugric", + "Ugrian" + ], + "it": [ + "ugro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two branches of the Finno-Ugric family of languages; spoken in Hungary and northwestern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian", + "Magyar" + ], + "it": [ + "magiaro", + "ungherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official language of Hungary (also spoken in Rumania); belongs to the Ugric family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khanty", + "Ostyak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Ugric language (related to Hungarian) spoken by the Ostyak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mansi", + "Vogul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Ugric language (related to Hungarian) spoken by the Vogul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lappic", + "Lappish" + ], + "it": [ + "lappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the languages spoken by the Lapps and generally assumed to be Uralic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lapp", + "Sami", + "Saami", + "Same", + "Saame" + ], + "it": [ + "lappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of nomadic Lapps in northern Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoyedic", + "Samoyed" + ], + "it": [ + "samoiedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uralic languages spoken by the Samoyed in northwestern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nenets", + "Nentsi", + "Nentsy", + "Yurak-Samoyed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Uralic language spoken by a Samoyed of northern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enets", + "Entsi", + "Entsy", + "Yenisei", + "Yenisei-Samoyed", + "Yeniseian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uralic language spoken by the Yeniseian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nganasan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uralic language spoken by the Nganasan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selkup", + "Ostyak-Samoyed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Uralic language spoken by the Ostyak-Samoyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celtic", + "Celtic language" + ], + "it": [ + "celtico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European languages that (judging from inscriptions and place names) was spread widely over Europe in the pre-Christian era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaelic", + "Goidelic", + "Erse" + ], + "it": [ + "gaelico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several related languages of the Celts in Ireland and Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish", + "Irish Gaelic" + ], + "it": [ + "irlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Celtic language of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Irish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish Gaelic up to about 1100" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle Irish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish Gaelic from 1100 to 1500" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scottish Gaelic", + "Scots Gaelic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Gaelic of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Gaelic formerly spoken on the Isle of Man; the language is sometimes used on ceremonial occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brythonic", + "Brittanic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a southern group of Celtic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh", + "Cymric" + ], + "it": [ + "gallese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Celtic language of Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Celtic language spoken in Cornwall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Breton" + ], + "it": [ + "bretone", + "brettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Celtic language of Brittany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italic", + "Italic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European languages of which Latin is the chief representative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osco-Umbrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of dead languages of ancient Italy; they were displace by Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbrian" + ], + "it": [ + "umbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct Italic language of ancient southern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oscan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct Italic language of ancient southern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabellian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct Osco-Umbrian language of ancient Italy that survives only in a few inscriptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin" + ], + "it": [ + "latino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dialect of the language of ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest recorded Latin (dating back at early as the 6th century B.C.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of educated people in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low Latin" + ], + "it": [ + "basso latino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dialect of Latin other than the classical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vulgar Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonclassical Latin dialects spoken in the Roman Empire; source of Romance languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Late Latin", + "Biblical Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of Latin written between the 3rd and 8th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medieval Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Latin used for liturgical purposes during the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neo-Latin", + "New Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Latin since the Renaissance; used for scientific nomenclature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romance", + "Romance language", + "Latinian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group of languages derived from Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian" + ], + "it": [ + "italiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Romance language spoken in Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Italian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian language up to the middle of the 16th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian dialect spoken in Sardinia; sometimes considered a separate language with many loan words from Spanish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscan" + ], + "it": [ + "toscano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Italian spoken in Tuscany (especially Florence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French" + ], + "it": [ + "francese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langue d'oil", + "Langue d'oil French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medieval provincial dialects of French spoken in central and northern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langue d'oc", + "Langue d'oc French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medieval provincial dialects of French formerly spoken in the south of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest form of the French language; 9th to 15th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman-French", + "Norman French", + "Old North French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medieval Norman dialect of Old French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-French", + "Anglo-Norman" + ], + "it": [ + "anglonormanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French (Norman) language used in medieval England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French language as spoken in Quebec, Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of French spoken in Belgium and adjacent parts of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Provencal", + "Occitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medieval dialects of Langue d'oc (southern France)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese" + ], + "it": [ + "portoghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a language spoken in Galicia in northwestern Spain; it is between Portuguese and Spanish but closer to Portuguese; sometimes considered a Portuguese or Spanish dialect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basque" + ], + "it": [ + "basco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Basque people; of no known relation to any other language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish" + ], + "it": [ + "spagnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castilian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Spanish language as spoken in Castile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judeo-Spanish", + "Ladino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Spanish dialect spoken by Sephardic Jews but written in the Hebrew script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican Spanish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Spanish spoken in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalan" + ], + "it": [ + "catalano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Romance language spoken in Catalonia in eastern Spain (related to Spanish and Occitan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhaeto-Romance", + "Rhaeto-Romanic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Romance dialects spoken in parts of southeastern Switzerland and northern Italy and the Tyrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friulian", + "Friuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Rhaeto-Romance dialect spoken in northeastern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ladin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Rhaeto-Romance dialect of Romansh spoken in southeastern Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romansh", + "Rumansh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in southeastern Switzerland; it is an official language of Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanian", + "Rumanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern Romance language spoken in Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elamitic", + "Elamite", + "Susian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct ancient language of unknown affinities; spoken by the Elamites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kassite", + "Cassite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient language spoken by the Kassites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tocharian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-European language family that originated in central Asia during the first millennium A.D." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turfan", + "East Tocharian", + "Turfan dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Tocharian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuchean", + "West Tocharian", + "Kuchean dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dialect of Tocharian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanskrit", + "Sanskritic language" + ], + "it": [ + "sanscrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sindhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language of Sind which is spoken also in western India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romany", + "Gypsy" + ], + "it": [ + "zingaresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language of the Gypsies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urdu" + ], + "it": [ + "urdù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official literary language of Pakistan, closely related to Hindi; widely used in India (mostly by Moslems); written in Arabic script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindi" + ], + "it": [ + "hindi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most widely spoken of modern Indic vernaculars; spoken mostly in the north of India; along with English it is the official language of India; usually written in Devanagari script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindustani", + "Hindoostani", + "Hindostani" + ], + "it": [ + "indostano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of Hindi spoken around Delhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bihari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language spoken in Bihar (and by some people in Pakistan and Bangladesh)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magadhan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subfamily of Indic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assamese", + "Asamiya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Magadhan language spoken by the Assamese people; closely related to Bengali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengali", + "Bangla" + ], + "it": [ + "bengalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Magadhan language spoken by the Bengali people; the official language of Bangladesh and Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Magadhan language that is spoken by the Oriya and is the official language of the Indian state of Orissa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marathi", + "Mahratti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indic language; the state language of Maharashtra in west central India; written in the Devanagari script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gujarati", + "Gujerati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language spoken by the people of India who live in Gujarat in western India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punjabi", + "Panjabi" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language spoken by most people in Punjab in northwestern India" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua parlata nel Punjab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinhalese", + "Singhalese", + "Sinhala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Indic language spoken by the people of Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indo-Iranian", + "Indo-Iranian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the Indo-European family of languages including the Indic and Iranian language groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indic", + "Indo-Aryan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of the Indo-Iranian family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dard", + "Dardic", + "Dardic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of Indic languages spoken in Kashmir and eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dardic language spoken in northern Kashmir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khowar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dardic language spoken in northwestern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kafiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dardic language spoken by the Kafir in northeastern Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kashmiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official state language of Kashmir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepali" + ], + "it": [ + "nepalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official state language of Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prakrit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the vernacular Indic languages of north and central India (as distinguished from Sanskrit) recorded from the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Prakrit language (derived from Sanskrit) that is the scriptural and liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prakrit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the modern Indic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iranian", + "Iranian language" + ], + "it": [ + "iranico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern Persian language spoken in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avestan", + "Zend" + ], + "it": [ + "zend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Iranian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gathic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Iranian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian", + "Farsi" + ], + "it": [ + "persiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of Persia (Iran) in any of its ancient forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dari", + "Dari Persian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Iranian language spoken in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tajiki", + "Tajik", + "Tadzhik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iranian language of the Tajik that is closely related to Farsi; spoken in Iran and Tajikistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurdish" + ], + "it": [ + "curdo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balochi", + "Baluchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Iranian language spoken in Pakistan and Iran and Afghanistan and Russia and the Persian gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pahlavi", + "Pehlevi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iranian language of the Zoroastrian literature of the 3rd to 10th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iranian language spoken in the Parthian kingdom (250 BC to AD 226)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pashto", + "Pashtu", + "Paxto", + "Afghani", + "Afghan" + ], + "it": [ + "afgano", + "afghano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Iranian language spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan; the official language of Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ossete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northeastern Iranian language spoken in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scythian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Iranian language spoken by the ancient Scythians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anatolian", + "Anatolian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct branch of the Indo-European family of languages known from inscriptions and important in the reconstruction of Proto-Indo European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hittite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Hittites and the principal language of the Anatolian group of languages; deciphered from cuneiform inscriptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Anatolian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luwian", + "Luvian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Anatolian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lydian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Anatolian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Anatolian language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek", + "Hellenic", + "Hellenic language" + ], + "it": [ + "greco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Modern Greek", + "New Greek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek language as spoken and written today" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romaic", + "Demotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern Greek vernacular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katharevusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literary style of Modern Greek containing features borrowed from Koine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Late Greek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek language in the 3rd to 8th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medieval Greek", + "Middle Greek", + "Byzantine Greek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek language from about 600 to 1200 AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek dialect that flourished under the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ancient Greek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek language prior to the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attic", + "Ionic", + "Ionic dialect", + "Classical Greek" + ], + "it": [ + "ionico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken and written in Attica and Athens and Ionia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeolic", + "Aeolic dialect", + "Eolic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken in Thessaly and Boeotia and Aeolis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcadic", + "Arcadic dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken by Arcadians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doric", + "Doric dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken in Doris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caucasian", + "Caucasian language" + ], + "it": [ + "lingue caucasiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of languages spoken in the Caucasus that are unrelated to languages spoken elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chechen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northern Caucasian language spoken by the Chechen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circassian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northern Caucasian language spoken by the Circassian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abkhazian", + "Abkhasian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Circassian language spoken by the Abkhaz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgian" + ], + "it": [ + "georgiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a southern Caucasian language with 3 million speakers and a long literary tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ubykh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct Caucasian language spoken exclusively in Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dravidian", + "Dravidic", + "Dravidian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of languages spoken in south and central India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Dravidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken primarily in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language closely related to Tamil that is spoken in a hilly section of southwestern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kota", + "Kotar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken by the Kota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken by the Toda in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Badaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Kannada that is spoken by the Badaga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kannada", + "Kanarese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken by the Tulu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malayalam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language (closely related to Tamil) that is spoken in southwestern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamil" + ], + "it": [ + "tamil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken since prehistoric times by the Tamil in southern India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South-Central Dravidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken primarily in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telugu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken by the Telugu in southeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken by the Savara in southeastern India (north of Madras)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gondi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken by the Gond in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pengo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken by the Kui in southeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuvi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in southeast India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Dravidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken primarily in central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kolami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken by the Kolam in central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ollari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken by the Gadaba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Dravidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken primarily in eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dravidian language spoken in eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Dravidian language spoken by the Malto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isolated Dravidian language spoken by the Brahui in Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hausa", + "Haussa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief member of the Chadic family of Afroasiatic languages; widely used as a trading language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bole", + "Bolanci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria and closely related to Hausa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria and closely related to Hausa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ron", + "Bokkos", + "Daffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zaar", + "Sayanci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Chadic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Chadic languages spoken in northern Nigeria; Hausa in the most important member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tera", + "Pidlimdi", + "Yamaltu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-tone Chadic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bura", + "Pabir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Higi", + "Kapsiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandara", + "Wandala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in the Mandara mountains in Cameroon; has only two vowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matakam", + "Mafa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sukur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daba", + "Kola", + "Musgoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kotoko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musgu", + "Munjuk", + "Mulwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gidar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biu-Mandara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Chadic languages spoken in the border area between Cameroon and Nigeria south of Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somrai", + "Sibine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nancere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dangla", + "Dangaleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad; uses seven vowels plus differences in vowel length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mokulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sokoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chadic language spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Chadic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Chadic languages spoken in Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent group of closely related Chadic languages spoken in the area between the Biu-Mandara and East Chadic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chad", + "Chadic", + "Chadic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Afroasiatic tonal languages (mostly two tones) spoken in the regions west and south of Lake Chad in north central Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afroasiatic", + "Afro-Asiatic", + "Afroasiatic language", + "Afrasian", + "Afrasian language", + "Hamito-Semitic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of related languages spoken both in Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Semitic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebrew" + ], + "it": [ + "ebraico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Canaanitic language of the Hebrews that has been revived as the official language of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Modern Hebrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hebrew used in Israel today; revived from ancient Hebrew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akkadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient branch of the Semitic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assyrian Akkadian", + "Assyrian" + ], + "it": [ + "assiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct language of the Assyrians in ancient Mesopotamia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amharic", + "Ethiopian language" + ], + "it": [ + "amarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dominant and official language of Ethiopia; a Semitic language much influenced by the Cushitic language with which Amhara have been in close contact" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua semitica parlata in Etiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabic", + "Arabic language" + ], + "it": [ + "arabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Semitic language of the Arabs; spoken in a variety of dialects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aramaic" + ], + "it": [ + "aramaico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Semitic language originally of the ancient Arameans but still spoken by other people in southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biblical Aramaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of Aramaic that was spoken in Palestine in the time of the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic", + "Assyrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of modern Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandaean", + "Mandean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form of Aramaic used by the Mandeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese", + "Maltese language", + "Malti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the national language of the Republic of Malta; a Semitic language derived from Arabic but with many loan words from Italian, Spanish, and Norman-French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canaanitic", + "Canaanitic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Semitic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canaanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extinct language of the Semitic people who occupied Canaan before the Israelite conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenician" + ], + "it": [ + "fenicio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extinct language of an ancient Semitic people who dominated trade in the ancient world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Phoenician dialect of ancient Carthage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ugaritic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct Semitic language of northern Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamitic", + "Hamitic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages in northern Africa related to Semitic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian" + ], + "it": [ + "egiziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient and now extinct language of Egypt under the Pharaohs; written records date back to 3000 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demotic", + "Demotic script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simplified cursive form of the ancient hieratic script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coptic" + ], + "it": [ + "cofto", + "copto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liturgical language of the Coptic Church used in Egypt and Ethiopia; written in the Greek alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of related dialects that were once the major language of northern Africa west of Egypt; now spoken mostly in Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuareg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Berber spoken by the Tuareg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cushitic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages spoken in Ethiopia and Somalia and northwestern Kenya and adjacent regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somali" + ], + "it": [ + "somalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Cushitic language spoken by the Somali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of related languages spoken in a valley of southern Ethiopia; closely related to Cushitic languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niger-Kordofanian", + "Niger-Kordofanian language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of languages that includes most of the languages spoken in Africa south of the Sahara; the majority of them are tonal languages but there are important exceptions (e.g., Swahili or Fula)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kordofanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages spoken in the relatively small Kordofan area of the south Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niger-Congo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of African language spoken in west Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bantu", + "Bantoid language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of languages widely spoken in the southern half of the African continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chichewa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Bantu language of the Chewa of east central Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ChiMwini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in southern Somalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chishona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language that is one of the two major languages of Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fang" + ], + "it": [ + "fang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in Cameroon" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua africana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gikuyu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in western Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giriama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in the coastal regions of eastern Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Banto language spoken by the Herero in Namibia, Botswana, and Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken by the Kamba in Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kichaga", + "Chaga", + "Chagga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken by the Chaga in northern Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinyarwanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiswahili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Bantu language spoken by the Kongo living in the tropical forests of Zaire and Congo and Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luba", + "Tshiluba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in southeastern Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LuGanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Bantu language of the Buganda people; spoken in Uganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luyia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mashi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mwera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in southern coastal Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nguni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of southern Bantu languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ndebele", + "Matabele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language sometimes considered a dialect of Zulu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language closely related to Zulu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xhosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language closely related to Zulu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language of considerable literary importance in southeastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyamwezi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in central Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pokomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in the Kenyan coastal areas of East Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the mutually intelligible southern Bantu languages of the Sotho in Botswana and South Africa and Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbundu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bantu language spoken in Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sesotho", + "Basuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Sotho spoken by the Basotho; an official language of Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tswana", + "Setswana", + "Sechuana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dialect of Sotho spoken by the Tswana in Botswana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swahili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most widely spoken Bantu languages; the official language of Kenya and Tanzania and widely used as a lingua franca in east and central Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tonga" + ], + "it": [ + "Tonga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language of the Tongan people of south central Africa (Zambia and Rhodesia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gur", + "Voltaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Niger-Congo languages spoken primarily in southeastern Mali and northern Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West African" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages spoken in the extreme western part of West Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fula", + "Ful", + "Fulani", + "Peul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of languages of the Fulani of West Africa and used as a lingua franca in the sub-Saharan regions from Senegal to Chad; the best known of the West African languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a West African language closely related to Fula; spoken primarily in Senegal and Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the West African language of the Wolof in Senegal; related to Fula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of African languages in the Niger-Congo group spoken from Senegal east as far as the Ivory Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of African language in the Niger-Congo group spoken from the Ivory Coast east to Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yoruba", + "Aku" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Kwa language spoken by the Yoruba in southwestern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Kwa language spoken in Ghana and the Ivory Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ewe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Kwa language spoken by the Ewe in Ghana and Togo and Benin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nilo-Saharan", + "Nilo-Saharan language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of East African languages spoken by Nilotic peoples from the Sahara south to Kenya and Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chari-Nile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Nilo-Saharan language spoken in parts of the Sudan and Zaire and Uganda and Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nilotic", + "Nilotic language" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of languages of East Africa belonging to the Chari-Nile group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nilotic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nilotic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nilotic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saharan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nilo-Saharan language spoken in parts of Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Songhai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Songhai in Mali and Niger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artwork", + "art", + "graphics", + "nontextual matter" + ], + "it": [ + "materiale illustrativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photographs or other visual representations in a printed publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphic design" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visual communication by a skillful combination of text and pictures in advertisements, magazines, books, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illustration" + ], + "it": [ + "illustrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artwork that helps make something clear or attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture", + "pictorial matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illustrations used to decorate or explain a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure", + "fig" + ], + "it": [ + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagram or picture illustrating textual material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual display of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot" + ], + "it": [ + "diagramma", + "grafico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graph", + "graphical record" + ], + "it": [ + "diagramma", + "grafico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visual representation of the relations between certain quantities plotted with reference to a set of axes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequency-response curve", + "frequency-response characteristic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a graph of frequency response with signal amplitude or gain plotted against frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curve" + ], + "it": [ + "curva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line on a graph representing data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characteristic curve", + "characterisic function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) graph showing how a particular characteristic of a device varies with other parameters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization chart" + ], + "it": [ + "organigramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart showing the lines of responsibility between departments of a large organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart displaying colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color circle", + "color wheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart in which complementary colors (or their names) are arranged on opposite sides of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar chart", + "bar graph" + ], + "it": [ + "diagramma a colonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart with bars whose lengths are proportional to quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histogram" + ], + "it": [ + "istogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar chart representing a frequency distribution; heights of the bars represent observed frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart that is read from a fixed distance; used as a test of vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart with several sheets hinged at the top; sheets can be flipped over to present information sequentially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pie chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular chart divided into triangular areas proportional to the percentages of the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart showing the relative positions of the stars in a particular part of the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ], + "it": [ + "profilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart showing the number of people as a function of their ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabulation", + "tabular matter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information set out in tabular form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comic strip", + "cartoon strip", + "strip", + "funnies" + ], + "it": [ + "fumetto", + "striscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of drawings telling a story in a newspaper or comic book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single drawing in a comic_strip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistocardiogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical recording made by a ballistocardiograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echoencephalogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical image of the brain produced by an echoencephalograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echocardiogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical image of the heart produced by an echocardiograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocardiogram", + "cardiogram", + "EKG", + "ECG" + ], + "it": [ + "ECG", + "elettrocardiogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroencephalogram", + "encephalogram", + "EEG" + ], + "it": [ + "EEG", + "elettroencefalogramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical record of electrical activity of the brain; produced by an electroencephalograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromyogram", + "EMG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical record of electric currents associated with muscle contractions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroretinogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical recording of the electrical activity of the retina that results when light is flashed into the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laffer curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graph purporting to show the relation between tax rates and government income; income increases as tax rates increase up to an optimum beyond which income declines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learning curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graph showing the rate of learning (especially a graph showing the amount recalled as a function of the number of attempts to recall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical recording of muscle activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation pattern", + "radiation diagram", + "pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "graphical representation (in polar or Cartesian coordinates) of the spatial distribution of radiation from an antenna as a function of angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enhanced response of an antenna in a given direction as indicated by a loop in its radiation pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major lobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum lobe in the radiation pattern which is intended to be along the forward axis and which gives the effect of a beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tachogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical record of speed and distance produced by a tachograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphical record produced by a thermograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramaturgy", + "dramatic art", + "dramatics", + "theater", + "theatre" + ], + "it": [ + "drammaturgia", + "teatro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art of writing and producing plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the theater as a profession (usually `the stage')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ], + "it": [ + "produzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presentation for the stage or screen or radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theatrical production", + "staging" + ], + "it": [ + "allestimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of a drama on the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coup de theatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly successful theatrical production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coup de theatre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensational bit of stagecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "theatrical productions performed by a stock company during the summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatic composition", + "dramatic work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play for performance on the stage or television or in a movie etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "drama", + "dramatic play" + ], + "it": [ + "dramma", + "opera teatrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterpiece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief dramatic piece (usually comic) presented after a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incomplete piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Guignol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play of a macabre or horrific nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a missing piece (as a gap in a manuscript)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatch", + "bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fragment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater of the absurd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plays stressing the irrational or illogical aspects of life, usually to show that modern life is pointless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prologue" + ], + "it": [ + "prologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an introduction to a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act" + ], + "it": [ + "atto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdivision of a play or opera or ballet" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle parti in cui viene suddiviso un lavoro teatrale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdivision of an act of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "script", + "book", + "playscript" + ], + "it": [ + "copione", + "sceneggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written version of a play or other dramatic composition; used in preparing for a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promptbook", + "prompt copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the copy of the playscript used by the prompter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed script used in making a film in order to avoid discontinuities from shot to shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialogue", + "dialog" + ], + "it": [ + "dialogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lines spoken by characters in drama or fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duologue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the script in which the speaking roles are limited to two actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actor's line", + "speech", + "words" + ], + "it": [ + "batttuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "words making up the dialogue of a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aside" + ], + "it": [ + "a parte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line spoken by an actor to the audience but not intended for others on the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cue" + ], + "it": [ + "battuta", + "spunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor's line that immediately precedes and serves as a reminder for some action or speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monologue" + ], + "it": [ + "monologo", + "soliloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually long) dramatic speech by a single actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soliloquy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually long) dramatic speech intended to give the illusion of unspoken reflections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throwaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "words spoken in a casual way with conscious under-emphasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompt", + "prompting" + ], + "it": [ + "imbeccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cue given to a performer (usually the beginning of the next line to be spoken)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libretto" + ], + "it": [ + "libretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the words of an opera or musical play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outline or synopsis of a play (or, by extension, of a literary work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screenplay" + ], + "it": [ + "sceneggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a script for a film including dialogue and descriptions of characters and sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final detailed script for making a movie or TV program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "riga", + "rigo", + "verso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "text consisting of a row of words written across a page or computer screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasive but insincere talk that is usually intended to deceive or impress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first line of a paragraph that is set as the last line of a page or column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiel", + "patter", + "line of gab" + ], + "it": [ + "imbonimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plausible glib talk (especially useful to a salesperson)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear sequence of symbols (characters or words or phrases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string of words", + "word string", + "linguistic string" + ], + "it": [ + "riga", + "stringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear sequence of words as spoken or written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string that is part of a longer string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifestation of insincerity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipogram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a text that excludes a particular letter or particular letters of the alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effusion", + "gush", + "outburst", + "blowup", + "ebullition" + ], + "it": [ + "esplosione", + "impeto", + "rigurgito", + "scatto", + "scoppio", + "sfogo", + "trasporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unrestrained expression of emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acting out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually irritating) impulsive and uncontrollable outburst by a problem child or a neurotic adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fit of weeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden outburst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden outburst of emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grouping of words in a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-five" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gesture of greeting or elation; one person's upraised palm slaps the upraised palm of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closet drama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drama more suitable for reading that for performing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedy" + ], + "it": [ + "commedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light and humorous drama with a happy ending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comedy that uses black humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commedia dell'arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian comedy of the 16th to 18th centuries improvised from standardized situations and stock characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comedy characterized by grim or satiric humor; a comedy having gloomy or disturbing elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farce", + "farce comedy", + "travesty" + ], + "it": [ + "farsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comedy characterized by broad satire and improbable situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sophisticated comedy; often satirizing genteel society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comedy characterized by slapstick and burlesque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melodrama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extravagant comedy in which action is more salient than characterization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seriocomedy", + "tragicomedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comedy with serious elements or overtones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drama in which the protagonist is overcome by some superior force or circumstance; excites terror or pity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragicomedy" + ], + "it": [ + "tragicommedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dramatic composition involving elements of both tragedy and comedy usually with the tragic predominating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situation comedy", + "sitcom" + ], + "it": [ + "situation comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous television program based on situations that could arise in everyday life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special" + ], + "it": [ + "special" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television production that features a particular person or work or topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situation comedy", + "sitcom" + ], + "it": [ + "situation comedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous drama based on situations that might arise in day-to-day life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slapstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boisterous comedy with chases and collisions and practical jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burlesque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical entertainment of broad and earthy humor; consists of comic skits and short turns (and sometimes striptease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farcical afterpiece in the ancient Roman theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miracle play" + ], + "it": [ + "miracolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval play representing episodes from the life of a saint or martyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morality play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allegorical play popular in the 15th and 16th centuries; characters personified virtues and vices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystery play" + ], + "it": [ + "mistero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval play representing episodes from the life of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passion play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play representing the Passion of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satyr play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek burlesque with a chorus of satyrs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentazione", + "spettacolo", + "spettacolo teatrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical performance of a drama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical", + "musical comedy", + "musical theater" + ], + "it": [ + "musical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a play or film whose action and dialogue is interspersed with singing and dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain raiser" + ], + "it": [ + "avanspettacolo", + "rivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short play presented before the main play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galanty show", + "shadow show", + "shadow play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drama executed by throwing shadows on a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppet show", + "puppet play" + ], + "it": [ + "fantocciata", + "spettacolo di burattini", + "spettacolo di marionette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show in which the actors are puppets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrel show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety show in which the performers are made up in blackface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revue", + "review" + ], + "it": [ + "rivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety show with topical sketches and songs and dancing and comedians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revue with elaborate costuming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ziegfeld Follies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of extravagant revues produced by Flo Ziegfeld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variety show", + "variety" + ], + "it": [ + "spettacolo di varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a show consisting of a series of short unrelated performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaudeville", + "music hall" + ], + "it": [ + "teatro di varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety show with songs and comic acts etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance" + ], + "it": [ + "ballo", + "danza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic form of nonverbal communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreography" + ], + "it": [ + "coreografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representation of dancing by symbols as music is represented by notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music" + ], + "it": [ + "musica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner" + ], + "it": [ + "arte e tecnica di combinare insieme i suoni, prodotti da strumenti musicali o dalla voce, secondo determinate leggi e convenzioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pizzicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a note or passage that is played pizzicato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monophony", + "monophonic music", + "monody" + ], + "it": [ + "monodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music consisting of a single vocal part (usually with accompaniment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyphony", + "polyphonic music", + "concerted music" + ], + "it": [ + "polifonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music arranged in parts for several voices or instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polytonality", + "polytonalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music that uses two or more different keys at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music adapted to the understanding and taste of the majority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "contrappunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical form involving the simultaneous sound of two or more melodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black music", + "African-American music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music created by African-American musicians; early forms were songs that had a melodic line and a strong rhythmic beat with repeated choruses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical music", + "classical", + "serious music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traditional genre of music conforming to an established form and appealing to critical interest and developed musical taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber music" + ], + "it": [ + "musica da camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious music performed by a small group of musicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opera" + ], + "it": [ + "lirica", + "melodramma", + "opera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drama set to music; consists of singing with orchestral accompaniment and an orchestral overture and interludes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comic opera", + "opera bouffe", + "bouffe", + "opera comique" + ], + "it": [ + "opera buffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opera with a happy ending and in which some of the text is spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand opera" + ], + "it": [ + "opera lirica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opera in which all the text is sung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical drama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opera in which the musical and dramatic elements are equally important; the music is appropriate to the action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operetta", + "light opera" + ], + "it": [ + "operetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short amusing opera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmony", + "musical harmony" + ], + "it": [ + "armonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonization", + "harmonisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of harmonized music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reharmonization", + "reharmonisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of music whose original harmony has been revised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-part harmony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmony in which each chord has four notes that create four melodic lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preparation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a note that produces a dissonant chord is first heard in a consonant chord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a dissonant chord is followed by a consonant chord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune", + "melody", + "air", + "strain", + "melodic line", + "line", + "melodic phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "aria", + "canto", + "melodia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leitmotiv", + "leitmotif" + ], + "it": [ + "leitmotiv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melodic phrase that accompanies the reappearance of a person or situation (as in Wagner's operas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theme song" + ], + "it": [ + "leitmotiv", + "motivo conduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melody that recurs and comes to represent a musical play or movie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signature", + "signature tune", + "theme song" + ], + "it": [ + "sigla musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melody used to identify a performer or a dance band or radio/tv program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theme", + "melodic theme", + "musical theme", + "idea" + ], + "it": [ + "motivo", + "tema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) melodic subject of a musical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obbligato", + "obligato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent but subordinate motif" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motif", + "motive" + ], + "it": [ + "motivo", + "tema", + "tema musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theme that is repeated or elaborated in a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statement" + ], + "it": [ + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the presentation of a musical theme" + ], + "it": [ + "parte iniziale di una composizione in cui vengono presentati i temi principali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation" + ], + "it": [ + "variazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(counterpoint) a variation of a melody or part in which ascending intervals are replaced by descending intervals and vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the statement of a theme in notes of greater duration (usually twice the length of the original)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diminution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the statement of a theme in notes of lesser duration (usually half the length of the original)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "parte", + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music" + ], + "it": [ + "in una composizione musicale, la musica che deve essere eseguita dai singoli cantanti o strumenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vocal music for several voices in independent parts (usually performed without accompaniment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homophony" + ], + "it": [ + "omofonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part music with one dominant voice (in a homophonic style)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal part of a duet (especially a piano duet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second or lower part of a duet (especially a piano duet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice part" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part written for a singer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canto" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest part (usually the melody) in a piece of choral music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accompaniment", + "musical accompaniment", + "backup", + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descant", + "discant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decorative musical accompaniment (often improvised) added above a basic melody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improvised musical accompaniment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass", + "bass part" + ], + "it": [ + "basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest part in polyphonic music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short melody in the bass that is constantly repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figured bass", + "basso continuo", + "continuo", + "thorough bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bass part written out in full and accompanied by numbers to indicate the chords to be played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appropriation of a new style (especially in popular music) by combining elements of different genres in order to appeal to a wider audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious music", + "church music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of music composed for performance as part of religious ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiphon", + "antiphony" + ], + "it": [ + "antifona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse or song to be chanted or sung in response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradual" + ], + "it": [ + "graduale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an antiphon (usually from the Book of Psalms) immediately after the epistle at Mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of prayers constituting the Christian Eucharistic rite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mass" + ], + "it": [ + "messa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical setting for a Mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Requiem" + ], + "it": [ + "requiem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical setting for a Mass celebrating the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liturgical prayer (considered to be the essence of Jewish religion) that is recited at least twice daily by adult Jewish males to declare their faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processional", + "prosodion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious music used in a procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiphonary", + "antiphonal" + ], + "it": [ + "antifonale", + "antifonario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bound collection of antiphons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chant" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a repetitive song in which as many syllables as necessary are assigned to a single tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hallel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a chant of praise (Psalms 113 through 118) used at Passover and Shabuoth and Sukkoth and Hanukkah and Rosh Hodesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hare Krishna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chant to the Hindu god Krishna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plainsong", + "plainchant", + "Gregorian chant" + ], + "it": [ + "canto piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liturgical chant of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantus firmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a melody used as the basis for a polyphonic composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious music for singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritual", + "Negro spiritual" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of religious song originated by Blacks in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carol", + "Christmas carol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joyful religious song celebrating the birth of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymn", + "anthem" + ], + "it": [ + "inno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doxology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hymn or verse in Christian liturgy glorifying God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorale", + "choral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stately Protestant (especially Lutheran) hymn tune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canticle" + ], + "it": [ + "cantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hymn derived from the Bible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dies Irae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first words of a medieval Latin hymn describing the Last Judgment (literally `day of wrath')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymeneal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wedding hymn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Internationale" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolutionary socialist anthem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paean", + "pean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Greece) a hymn of praise (especially one sung in ancient Greece to invoke or thank a deity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magnificat" + ], + "it": [ + "Magnificat", + "magnificat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Luke) the canticle of the Virgin Mary (from Luke 1:46 beginning `Magnificat anima mea Dominum')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recessional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hymn that is sung at the end of a service as the clergy and choir withdraw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Te Deum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient liturgical hymn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical composition", + "opus", + "composition", + "piece", + "piece of music" + ], + "it": [ + "componimento", + "composizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical work that has been created" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical arrangement", + "arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "adattamento", + "arrangiamento", + "riduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of music that has been adapted for performance by a particular set of voices or instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestration" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestrazione", + "strumentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of a piece of music for performance by an orchestra or band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumental music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music intended to be performed by a musical instrument or group of instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the instruments called for in a musical score or arrangement for a band or orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realization", + "realisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition that has been completed or enriched by someone other than the composer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapitulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) in which musical themes that were introduced earlier are repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finale", + "coda" + ], + "it": [ + "finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the closing section of a musical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermezzo" + ], + "it": [ + "intermezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short piece of instrumental music composed for performance between acts of a drama or opera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition or musical passage to be performed quickly in a brisk lively manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition or musical passage to be performed at a somewhat quicker tempo than andante but not as fast as allegro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition or musical passage to be performed moderately slow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short movement coming between the major sections of a symphony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition of vocal music that is appropriate for opening church services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prelude" + ], + "it": [ + "preludio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music that precedes a fugue or introduces an act in an opera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorale prelude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition for organ using a chorale as a basis for variations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overture" + ], + "it": [ + "ouverture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orchestral music played at the beginning of an opera or oratorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo" + ], + "it": [ + "a solo", + "assolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for one voice or instrument (with or without accompaniment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voluntary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "composition (often improvised) for a solo instrument (especially solo organ) and not a regular part of a religious service or musical performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postlude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluntary played at the end of a religious service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duet", + "duette", + "duo" + ], + "it": [ + "duetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for two performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trio" + ], + "it": [ + "terzetto", + "trio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for three performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartet", + "quartette" + ], + "it": [ + "quartetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for four performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintet", + "quintette" + ], + "it": [ + "quintetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for five performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextet", + "sextette", + "sestet" + ], + "it": [ + "sestetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition written for six performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septet", + "septette" + ], + "it": [ + "settetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition written for seven performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octet", + "octette" + ], + "it": [ + "ottetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition written for eight performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantata", + "oratorio" + ], + "it": [ + "cantata", + "oratorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Messiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oratorio composed by Handel in 1742" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagatelle" + ], + "it": [ + "bagatella", + "bagattella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light piece of music for piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divertimento", + "serenade" + ], + "it": [ + "divertimento", + "serenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition in several movements; has no fixed form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a funeral lament sung with loud wailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon" + ], + "it": [ + "canone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contrapuntal piece of music in which a melody in one part is imitated exactly in other parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enigma canon", + "enigmatic canon", + "enigmatical canon", + "riddle canon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canon in which the entrances of successive parts were indicated by cryptic symbols and devices (popular in the 15th and 16th centuries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concerto" + ], + "it": [ + "concerto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition for orchestra and a soloist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concerto grosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baroque composition for orchestra and a group of solo instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short composition for a solo instrument; intended as an exercise or to demonstrate technical virtuosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugue" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical form consisting of a theme repeated a fifth above or a fourth below its first statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastorale", + "pastoral", + "idyll", + "idyl" + ], + "it": [ + "pastorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition that evokes rural life" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione musicale di natura vocale o strumentale ispirata al mondo bucolico e naturale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rondo", + "rondeau" + ], + "it": [ + "rondello", + "rondò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical form that is often the last movement of a sonata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonata" + ], + "it": [ + "sonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition of 3 or 4 movements of contrasting forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano sonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sonata for piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toccata" + ], + "it": [ + "toccata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baroque musical composition (usually for a keyboard instrument) with full chords and rapid elaborate runs in a rhythmically free style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasia" + ], + "it": [ + "fantasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition of a free form usually incorporating several familiar themes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonatina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short and simple sonata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphony", + "symphonic music" + ], + "it": [ + "sinfonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and complex sonata for symphony orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passage", + "musical passage" + ], + "it": [ + "brano", + "pezzo", + "passo", + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short section of a musical composition" + ], + "it": [ + "parte di un'opera musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief introductory passage to a piece of popular music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrase", + "musical phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "frase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short musical passage" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a group of notes connected by a slur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical phrase repeated over and over during a composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jazz ostinato; usually provides a background for a solo improvisation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the close of a musical section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagal cadence", + "amen cadence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cadence (frequently ending church music) in which the chord of the subdominant precedes the chord of the tonic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadenza" + ], + "it": [ + "cadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brilliant solo passage occurring near the end of a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movement" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo", + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major self-contained part of a symphony or sonata" + ], + "it": [ + "parte contraddistinta da un unico ritmo in una composizione musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largo" + ], + "it": [ + "largo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a composition or passage that is to be performed in a slow and dignified manner" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento da eseguire in modo lento e ampio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a composition or passage played in a slow tempo slightly faster than largo but slower than adagio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scherzo" + ], + "it": [ + "scherzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast movement (usually in triple time)" + ], + "it": [ + "un movimento veloce (musicale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suite" + ], + "it": [ + "suite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition of several movements only loosely connected" + ], + "it": [ + "composizione strumentale comprendente diverse danze a ritmo alternatoma di uguale tonalità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) an instrumental suite common in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the variations contained in a partita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphonic poem", + "tone poem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchestral composition based on literature or folk tales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medley", + "potpourri", + "pastiche" + ], + "it": [ + "medley", + "pot-pourri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical composition consisting of a series of songs or other musical pieces from various sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nocturne", + "notturno" + ], + "it": [ + "notturno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pensive lyrical piece of music (especially for the piano)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adagio" + ], + "it": [ + "adagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a composition played in adagio tempo (slowly and gracefully)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song", + "vocal" + ], + "it": [ + "canzone", + "canzonetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short musical composition with words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study" + ], + "it": [ + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique" + ], + "it": [ + "breve componimento, perlopiù strumentale, composto generalmente per esercitare l'esecutore in una particolare tecnica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiphony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternate (responsive) singing by a choir in two parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song of devotion or loyalty (as to a nation or school)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national anthem" + ], + "it": [ + "inno nazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song formally adopted as the anthem for a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marseillaise" + ], + "it": [ + "marsigliese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French national anthem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "The Star-Spangled Banner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poem written by Francis Scott Key during the War of 1812 was set to music and adopted by Congress in 1931 as the national anthem of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aria" + ], + "it": [ + "aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate song for solo voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arietta", + "short aria" + ], + "it": [ + "arietta", + "motivetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short aria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballad", + "lay" + ], + "it": [ + "ballata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrative song with a recurrent refrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrelsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ballads sung by minstrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barcarole", + "barcarolle" + ], + "it": [ + "barcarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boating song sung by Venetian gondoliers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chantey", + "chanty", + "sea chantey", + "shanty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhythmical work song originally sung by sailors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrain", + "chorus" + ], + "it": [ + "refrain", + "ritornello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tra-la", + "tra-la-la" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of nonsensical syllables used while humming a refrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short simple song (or the words of a poem intended to be sung)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirge", + "coronach", + "lament", + "requiem", + "threnody" + ], + "it": [ + "lamento", + "lamento funebre", + "nenia", + "requiem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song celebrating the joys of drinking; sung at drinking parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk song", + "folksong", + "folk ballad" + ], + "it": [ + "canto popolare", + "canzone folk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song that is traditionally sung by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blues" + ], + "it": [ + "blues" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of folksong that originated among Black Americans at the beginning of the 20th century; has a melancholy sound from repeated use of blue notes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sad Portuguese folksong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flattened third or seventh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lied" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German art song of the 19th century for voice and piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love song", + "love-song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song about love or expressing love for another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lullaby", + "cradlesong", + "berceuse" + ], + "it": [ + "berceuse", + "cantilena", + "ninna nanna", + "ninnananna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quiet song intended to lull a child to sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyric", + "words", + "language" + ], + "it": [ + "testo", + "parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the text of a popular song or musical-comedy number" + ], + "it": [ + "il testo di una canzone popolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stanza" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed number of lines of verse forming a unit of a poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love lyric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lyric of a love song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oldie", + "golden oldie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song that was formerly popular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partsong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song with two or more voice parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrigal" + ], + "it": [ + "madrigale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unaccompanied partsong for 2 or 3 voices; follows a strict poetic form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partsong in which voices follow each other; one voice starts and others join in one after another until all are singing different parts of the song at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prothalamion", + "prothalamium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song in celebration of a marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundelay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song in which a line or phrase is repeated as the refrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scolion", + "banquet song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song (sometimes improvised) sung by guests at a banquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serenade" + ], + "it": [ + "serenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a song characteristically played outside the house of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torch song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular song concerned with disappointment in love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work song" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a usually rhythmical song to accompany repetitious work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shivaree", + "chivaree", + "charivari", + "callithump", + "callathump", + "belling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy mock serenade (made by banging pans and kettles) to a newly married couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet" + ], + "it": [ + "balletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music written for a ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance music" + ], + "it": [ + "ballabile", + "musica da ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music to dance to" + ], + "it": [ + "musica adatta per essere ballata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music written in the bolero rhythm of the beguine dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolero" + ], + "it": [ + "bolero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music written in the rhythm of the bolero dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the carioca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the conga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamenco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guitar music composed for dancing the flamenco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gavotte" + ], + "it": [ + "gavotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed in quadruple time for dancing the gavotte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habanera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed in duple time for dancing the habanera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornpipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music for dancing the hornpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jig", + "gigue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music in three-four time for dancing a jig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music in triple time for dancing the landler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mazurka" + ], + "it": [ + "mazurca", + "mazurka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the mazurka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minuet" + ], + "it": [ + "minuetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stately piece of music composed for dancing the minuet; often incorporated into a sonata or suite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paso doble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music in march time composed for dancing the paso doble; often played at bull fights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavane", + "pavan" + ], + "it": [ + "pavana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the pavane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polka" + ], + "it": [ + "polca", + "polka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music performed for dancing the polka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrille" + ], + "it": [ + "quadriglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music for dancing the quadrille" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing a reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumba", + "rhumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syncopated music in duple time for dancing the rumba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the samba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saraband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed for dancing the saraband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schottische" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music performed for dancing the schottische" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serialism", + "serial music" + ], + "it": [ + "serialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "20th century music that uses a definite order of notes as a thematic basis for a musical composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncopation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music (especially dance music) that has a syncopated rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twelve-tone music", + "12-tone music", + "twelve-tone system", + "12-tone system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of serial music introduced by Arnold Schoenberg; uses a tone row formed by the twelve semitones of the chromatic scale (and inverted or backward versions of the row)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music written in duple time for dancing the tango" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarantella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed in six-eight time for dancing the tarantella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "techno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of fast heavy electronic dance music usually without vocals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waltz" + ], + "it": [ + "valtzer", + "valzer", + "walzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed in triple time for waltzing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marching music", + "march" + ], + "it": [ + "marcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of music written for marching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military march", + "military music", + "martial music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brisk marching music suitable for troops marching in a military parade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickstep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military march accompanying quick time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pibroch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "martial music with variations; to be played by bagpipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processional march", + "recessional march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a march to be played for processions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funeral march", + "dead march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow march to be played for funeral processions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a march to be played for a wedding procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popular music", + "popular music genre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any genre of music having wide appeal (but usually only for a short time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disco", + "disco music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular dance music (especially in the late 1970s); melodic with a regular bass beat; intended mainly for dancing at discotheques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular dance music of Brazil; derived from the practices of the macumba religious cult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop music", + "pop" + ], + "it": [ + "musica pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music of general appeal to teenagers; a bland watered-down version of rock'n'roll with more rhythm and harmony and an emphasis on romantic love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk music", + "ethnic music", + "folk" + ], + "it": [ + "folk", + "musica folk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional and typically anonymous music that is an expression of the life of people in a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country music", + "country and western", + "C and W" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple style of folk music heard mostly in the southern United States; usually played on stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance music", + "danceroom music", + "ballroom music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of popular music composed for ballroom dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragtime", + "rag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music with a syncopated melody (usually for the piano)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz" + ], + "it": [ + "jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of dance music popular in the 1920s; similar to New Orleans jazz but played by large bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kwela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of danceable music popular among black South Africans; includes a whistle among its instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gospel", + "gospel singing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "folk music consisting of a genre of a cappella music originating with Black slaves in the United States and featuring call and response; influential on the development of other genres of popular music (especially soul)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doo-wop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre (usually a cappella) of Black vocal-harmony music of the 1950s that evolved in New York City from gospel singing; characterized by close four-part harmonies; the name derived from some of the nonsense syllables sung by the backup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secular form of gospel that was a major Black musical genre in the 1960s and 1970s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluegrass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of country music played at a rapid tempo on banjos and guitars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hillbilly music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "country music originating in mountainous regions of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square-dance music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music performed for square dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zydeco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music of southern Louisiana that combines French dance melodies with Caribbean music and blues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz" + ], + "it": [ + "jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of popular music that originated in New Orleans around 1900 and developed through increasingly complex styles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bop", + "bebop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early form of modern jazz (originating around 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boogie", + "boogie-woogie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumental version of the blues (especially for piano)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jazz that is restrained and fluid and marked by intricate harmonic structures often lagging slightly behind the beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthy type of jazz combining it with blues and soul; has a heavy bass line that accentuates the first beat in the bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jazz that is emotionally charged and intense and marked by strong rhythms and improvisation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern jazz", + "new jazz", + "neo jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various styles of jazz that appeared after 1940" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap", + "rap music", + "hip-hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genre of African-American music of the 1980s and 1990s in which rhyming lyrics are chanted to a musical accompaniment; several forms of rap have emerged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm and blues", + "R and B" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination of blues and jazz that was developed in the United States by Black musicians; an important precursor of rock 'n' roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockabilly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fusion of black music and country music that was popular in the 1950s; sometimes described as blues with a country beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock 'n' roll", + "rock'n'roll", + "rock-and-roll", + "rock and roll", + "rock", + "rock music" + ], + "it": [ + "rock", + "rock and roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genre of popular music originating in the 1950s; a blend of black rhythm-and-blues with white country-and-western" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy metal", + "heavy metal music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud and harsh sounding rock music with a strong beat; lyrics usually involve violent or fantastic imagery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progressive rock", + "art rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of rock music that emerged in the 1970s; associated with attempts to combine rock with jazz and other forms; intended for listening and not dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychedelic rock", + "acid rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical style that emerged in the 1960s; rock music inspired by or related to drug-induced experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punk rock", + "punk" + ], + "it": [ + "punk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock music with deliberately offensive lyrics expressing anger and social alienation; in part a reaction against progressive rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traditional jazz as revived in the 1950s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "swing music", + "jive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of jazz played by big bands popular in the 1930s; flowing rhythms but less complex than later styles of jazz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reggae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular music originating in the West Indies; repetitive bass riffs and regular chords played on the off beat by a guitar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skiffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of popular music in the 1950s; based on American folk music and played on guitars and improvised percussion instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expressive style", + "style" + ], + "it": [ + "stile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a way of expressing something (in language or art or music etc.) that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner of speaking to another individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a break or check in the voice (usually a sign of strong emotion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of closed-class words instead of inflections: e.g., `the father of the bride' instead of `the bride's father'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "triteness or triviality of style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black humor", + "black humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juxtaposition of morbid and farcical elements (in writing or drama) to give a disturbing effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gongorism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affected elegance of style that was introduced into Spanish literature by the poet Gongora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic device or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something in an artistic work designed to achieve a particular effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctorspeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical jargon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecobabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using the technical language of ecology to make the user seem ecologically aware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eloquence", + "fluency", + "smoothness" + ], + "it": [ + "eloquenza", + "facondia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powerful and effective language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphuism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any artificially elegant style of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurobabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jargon of European community documents and regulations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a want of animation or brilliance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formulation", + "expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style of expressing yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobbledygook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incomprehensible or pompous jargon of specialists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandiosity", + "magniloquence", + "ornateness", + "grandiloquence", + "rhetoric" + ], + "it": [ + "grandiloquenza", + "magniloquenza", + "retorica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high-flown style; excessive use of verbal ornamentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headlinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using the abbreviated style of headline writers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honorific" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jargon" + ], + "it": [ + "gergo", + "linguaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specialized technical terminology characteristic of a particular subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style in which newspapers are written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style that uses the abstruse technical vocabulary of the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manner of speaking", + "speech", + "delivery" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio", + "parlare", + "parlata", + "modo di parlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your characteristic style or manner of expressing yourself orally" + ], + "it": [ + "un particolare modo di parlare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music genre", + "musical genre", + "genre", + "musical style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressive style of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officialese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the style of writing characteristic of some government officials: formal and obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pathos" + ], + "it": [ + "pathos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style that has the power to evoke feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter of fact, commonplace, or dull expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychobabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using language loaded with psychological terminology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhetoric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using language effectively to please or persuade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltiness", + "coarseness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language or humor that is down-to-earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-expression" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "espressione della propria personalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expression of one's individuality (usually through creative activities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulation", + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expressing in coherent verbal form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaism", + "archaicism" + ], + "it": [ + "arcaismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of an archaic expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boilerplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "standard formulations uniformly found in certain types of legal documents or news stories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloquialism" + ], + "it": [ + "colloquialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mot juste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appropriate word or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbalization", + "verbalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the activity of expressing something in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbalization", + "verbalisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the words that are spoken in the activity of verbalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlance", + "idiom" + ], + "it": [ + "dizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanism" + ], + "it": [ + "americanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression that is characteristic of English as spoken by Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglicism", + "Briticism", + "Britishism" + ], + "it": [ + "anglicismo", + "anglismo", + "inglesismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression that is used in Great Britain (especially as contrasted with American English)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallicism" + ], + "it": [ + "francesismo", + "gallicismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase borrowed from French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wording", + "diction", + "phrasing", + "phraseology", + "choice of words", + "verbiage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which something is expressed in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralanguage", + "paralinguistic communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of manner of speaking to communicate particular meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharp tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter or critical manner of speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shibboleth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of speaking that is distinctive of a particular group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "tone of voice" + ], + "it": [ + "accento", + "intonazione", + "tono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quality of a person's voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundness", + "rotundity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fullness of a tone of voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertone" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tono sommesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quiet or hushed tone of voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elocution" + ], + "it": [ + "elocuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert manner of speaking involving control of voice and gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrage", + "bombardment", + "outpouring", + "onslaught" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication (spoken or written)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosody", + "inflection" + ], + "it": [ + "inflessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the patterns of stress and intonation in a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulation", + "inflection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of speaking in which the loudness or pitch or tone of the voice is modified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonation", + "modulation", + "pitch contour" + ], + "it": [ + "accento", + "inflessione", + "intonazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise and fall of the voice pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonation pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intonations characteristic of questions and requests and statements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotone", + "drone", + "droning" + ], + "it": [ + "bordone", + "ronzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unchanging intonation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single tone repeated with different words or different rhythms (especially in rendering liturgical texts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singsong" + ], + "it": [ + "cantilena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular and monotonous rising and falling intonation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caesura" + ], + "it": [ + "cesura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a break or pause (usually for sense) in the middle of a verse line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjambment", + "enjambement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the continuation of a syntactic unit from one line of verse into the next line without a pause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress", + "emphasis", + "accent" + ], + "it": [ + "accento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accentuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use or application of an accent; the relative prominence of syllables in a phrase or utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic accent", + "pitch accent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emphasis that results from pitch rather than loudness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word stress", + "word accent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of stresses within a polysyllabic word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentence stress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of stresses within a sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm", + "speech rhythm" + ], + "it": [ + "cadenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm", + "beat", + "musical rhythm" + ], + "it": [ + "ritmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the basic rhythmic unit in a piece of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud steady beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first beat of a musical measure (as the conductor's arm moves downward)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upbeat", + "offbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unaccented beat (especially the last beat of a measure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncopation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical rhythm accenting a normally weak beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recitative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vocal passage of narrative text that a singer delivers with natural rhythms of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arioso" + ], + "it": [ + "arioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a short recitative that is melodic but is not an aria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transition", + "modulation" + ], + "it": [ + "modulazione", + "passaggio", + "transizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical passage moving from one key to another" + ], + "it": [ + "il passare da una tonalità all'altra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombast", + "fustian", + "rant", + "claptrap", + "blah" + ], + "it": [ + "ampollosità", + "declamazione", + "enfasi", + "gonfiezza", + "paludamento", + "parolone", + "pomposità", + "ridondanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pompous or pretentious talk or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesquipedality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using long words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensationalism", + "luridness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the journalistic use of subject matter that appeals to vulgar tastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technobabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "technical jargon from computing and other high-tech subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terseness" + ], + "it": [ + "asciuttezza", + "stringatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neatly short and concise expressive style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn of phrase", + "turn of expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive spoken or written expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty or ingenious turn of phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conciseness", + "concision", + "pithiness", + "succinctness" + ], + "it": [ + "brevità", + "compendiosità", + "concisione", + "scabrezza", + "sentenziosità", + "sinteticità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terseness and economy in writing and speaking achieved by expressing a great deal in just a few words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crispness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressive style that is direct and to the point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brevity" + ], + "it": [ + "brevità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of brief expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laconism", + "laconicism" + ], + "it": [ + "laconicità", + "laconismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terseness of expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive style or manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verboseness", + "verbosity" + ], + "it": [ + "prolissità", + "sbrodolamento", + "sbrodolatura", + "verbosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expressive style that uses excessive or empty words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbiage", + "verbalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overabundance of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolixity", + "prolixness", + "windiness", + "long-windedness", + "wordiness" + ], + "it": [ + "lungaggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boring verbosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumlocution", + "periphrasis", + "ambage" + ], + "it": [ + "circonlocuzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style that involves indirect ways of expressing things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turgidity", + "turgidness", + "flatulence" + ], + "it": [ + "turgidezza", + "turgidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pompously embellished language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repetitiveness", + "repetitiousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verboseness resulting from excessive repetitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redundancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleonasm" + ], + "it": [ + "pleonasmo", + "superfetazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using more words than necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tautology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "useless repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tautology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a statement that is necessarily true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbreviation" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviazione", + "accorciativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shortened form of a word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apocope" + ], + "it": [ + "apocope", + "troncamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abbreviation of a word by omitting the final sound or sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acronym" + ], + "it": [ + "acronimo", + "sigla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word formed from the initial letters of the several words in the name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writing style", + "literary genre", + "genre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of expressing yourself in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetry", + "poesy", + "verse" + ], + "it": [ + "musa", + "poesia", + "verseggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literature in metrical form" + ], + "it": [ + "Poesia come stile letterario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroic poetry", + "epic poetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poetry celebrating the deeds of some hero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any communication resembling poetry in beauty or the evocation of feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "versification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the art or practice of writing verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "versification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the form or metrical composition of a poem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "versification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical adaptation of something (e.g., of a prose text)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetic rhythm", + "rhythmic pattern", + "prosody" + ], + "it": [ + "metrica", + "ritmica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a system of versification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter", + "metre", + "measure", + "beat", + "cadence" + ], + "it": [ + "metro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse" + ], + "it": [ + "nella lirica classica, unità di misura del verso, formata da uno o due piedi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalexis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of a syllable in the last foot of a line or verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scansion" + ], + "it": [ + "scansione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analysis of verse into metrical patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprung rhythm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poetic rhythm that imitates the rhythm of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common measure", + "common meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usual (iambic) meter of a ballad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrical foot", + "foot", + "metrical unit" + ], + "it": [ + "piede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(prosody) a group of 2 or 3 syllables forming the basic unit of poetic rhythm" + ], + "it": [ + "nella metrica classica, la più piccola unità ritmica di un verso, formata da almeno due sillabe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dactyl" + ], + "it": [ + "dattilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with stressed-unstressed-unstressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iamb", + "iambus" + ], + "it": [ + "giambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with unstressed-stressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anapest", + "anapaest" + ], + "it": [ + "anapesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with unstressed-unstressed-stressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphibrach" + ], + "it": [ + "anfibraco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with unstressed-stressed-unstressed syllables (e.g., `remember')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trochee" + ], + "it": [ + "trocheo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with stressed-unstressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spondee" + ], + "it": [ + "spondeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with stressed-stressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrrhic", + "dibrach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metrical unit with unstressed-unstressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetrameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having four metrical feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentameter" + ], + "it": [ + "pentametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having five metrical feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hexameter" + ], + "it": [ + "esametro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having six metrical feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having eight metrical feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octosyllable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having eight syllables or a poem of octosyllabic lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decasyllable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verse line having ten syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyme", + "rime" + ], + "it": [ + "rima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal rhyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhyme between words in the same line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliteration", + "initial rhyme", + "beginning rhyme", + "head rhyme" + ], + "it": [ + "allitterazione", + "calembour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assonance", + "vowel rhyme" + ], + "it": [ + "assonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonance", + "consonant rhyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the repetition of consonants (or consonant patterns) especially at the ends of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double rhyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-syllable rhyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyme royal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stanza form having seven lines of iambic pentameter; introduced by Chaucer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ottava rima" + ], + "it": [ + "ottava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stanza of eight lines of heroic verse with the rhyme scheme abababcc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye rhyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imperfect rhyme (e.g., `love' and `move')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhetorical device" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a use of language that creates a literary effect (but often without regard for literal significance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anacoluthia", + "anacoluthon" + ], + "it": [ + "anacoluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt change within a sentence from one syntactic structure to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asyndeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the omission of conjunctions where they would normally be used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repetition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anadiplosis", + "reduplication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epanalepsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition after intervening words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epanodos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of a group of words in reverse order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epanodos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recapitulation of the main ideas of a speech (especially in reverse order)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiphora", + "epistrophe" + ], + "it": [ + "epifora", + "epistrofe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of the ends of two or more successive sentences, verses, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gemination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the doubling of a word or phrase (as for rhetorical effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ploce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rhetoric) repetition to gain special emphasis or extend meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyptoton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of a word in a different case or inflection in the same sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epanaphora", + "anaphora" + ], + "it": [ + "anafora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphora" + ], + "it": [ + "anafora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using a pronoun or similar word instead of repeating a word used earlier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symploce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses, i.e., simultaneous use of anaphora and epistrophe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastrophe", + "inversion" + ], + "it": [ + "anastrofe", + "inversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reversal of the normal order of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiphrasis" + ], + "it": [ + "antifrasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of a word in a sense opposite to its normal sense (especially in irony)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antithesis" + ], + "it": [ + "antitesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antinomasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substitution of a title for a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apophasis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mentioning something by saying it will not be mentioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aposiopesis" + ], + "it": [ + "aposiopesi", + "reticenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking off in the middle of a sentence (as by writers of realistic conversations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostrophe" + ], + "it": [ + "apostrofe", + "invettiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address to an absent or imaginary person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catachresis" + ], + "it": [ + "catacresi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strained or paradoxical use of words either in error (as `blatant' to mean `flagrant') or deliberately (as in a mixed metaphor: `blind mouths')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiasmus" + ], + "it": [ + "chiasma", + "chiasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inversion in the second of two parallel phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climax" + ], + "it": [ + "climax", + "gradazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement of clauses in ascending order of forcefulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interchange of subject and predicate of a proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatic irony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theater) irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecphonesis", + "exclamation" + ], + "it": [ + "esclamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exclamatory rhetorical device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emphasis" + ], + "it": [ + "enfasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enallage" + ], + "it": [ + "enallage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substitution of part of speech or gender or number or tense etc. (e.g., editorial `we' for `I')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epanorthosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immediate rephrasing for intensification or justification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiplexis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rhetorical device in which the speaker reproaches the audience in order to incite or convince them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hendiadys" + ], + "it": [ + "endiadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of two conjoined nouns instead of a noun and modifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypallage" + ], + "it": [ + "ipallage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reversal of the syntactic relation of two words (as in `her beauty's face')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbaton" + ], + "it": [ + "iperbato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reversal of normal word order (as in `cheese I love')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypozeugma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of a series of subjects with a single predicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypozeuxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of a series of parallel clauses (as in `I came, I saw, I conquered')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteron proteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reversal of normal order of two words or sentences etc. (as in `bred and born')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litotes", + "meiosis" + ], + "it": [ + "litote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomatopoeia" + ], + "it": [ + "onomatopea", + "onomatopeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using words that imitate the sound they denote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i73999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralepsis", + "paraleipsis", + "paralipsis", + "preterition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paregmenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "juxtaposing words having a common derivation (as in `sense and sensibility')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polysyndeton" + ], + "it": [ + "polisindeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "using several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted (as in `he ran and jumped and laughed for joy')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolepsis" + ], + "it": [ + "prolessi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticipating and answering objections in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wellerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comparison comprising a well-known quotation followed by a facetious sequel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trope", + "figure of speech", + "figure", + "image" + ], + "it": [ + "figura retorica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate poetic image or a far-fetched comparison of very dissimilar things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trope that involves incongruity between what is expected and what occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperbole", + "exaggeration" + ], + "it": [ + "iperbole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravagant exaggeration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kenning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conventional metaphoric name for something, used especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metaphor" + ], + "it": [ + "metafora", + "traslato", + "tropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead metaphor", + "frozen metaphor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression (e.g., `he is a snake' may once have been a metaphor but after years of use it has died and become a new sense of the word `snake')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed metaphor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination of two or more metaphors that together produce a ridiculous effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synesthetic metaphor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metaphor that exploits a similarity between experiences in different sense modalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metonymy" + ], + "it": [ + "metonimia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substituting the name of an attribute or feature for the name of the thing itself (as in `they counted heads')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalepsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substituting metonymy of one figurative sense for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxymoron" + ], + "it": [ + "ossimoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conjoining contradictory terms (as in `deafening silence')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personification", + "prosopopoeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "representing an abstract quality or idea as a person or creature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simile" + ], + "it": [ + "similitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with `like' or `as')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synecdoche" + ], + "it": [ + "sineddoche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substituting a more inclusive term for a less inclusive one or vice versa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllepsis" + ], + "it": [ + "sillepsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of a word to govern two or more words though agreeing in number or case etc. with only one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeugma" + ], + "it": [ + "zeugma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use of a word to govern two or more words though appropriate to only one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditory communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication that relies on hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech", + "speech communication", + "spoken communication", + "spoken language", + "language", + "voice communication", + "oral communication" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua", + "linguaggio", + "parlare", + "parlata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(language) communication by word of mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "lo strumento che si utilizza per comunicare verbalmente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "words" + ], + "it": [ + "discorso", + "parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the words that are spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utterance", + "vocalization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exchange of spoken words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice", + "vocalization", + "vocalisation", + "vocalism", + "phonation", + "vox" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds modified by the resonance of the vocal tract" + ], + "it": [ + "suono prodotto dalla laringe nel momento in cui l'aria incontra le corde vocali mettendole in vibrazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phone", + "speech sound", + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "suono", + "fono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(phonetics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphophoneme" + ], + "it": [ + "morfofonema", + "morfonema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) the phonemes (or strings of phonemes) that constitute the various allomorphs of a morpheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoneme" + ], + "it": [ + "fonema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allophone" + ], + "it": [ + "allofono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) any of various acoustically different forms of the same phoneme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vowel whose quality or length is changed to indicate linguistic distinctions (such as sing sang sung song)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade", + "gradation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degree of ablaut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphthong" + ], + "it": [ + "dittongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vowel sound that starts near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves toward the position for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vowel", + "vowel sound" + ], + "it": [ + "suono vocalico", + "vocale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech sound made with the vocal tract open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accentual system", + "prosodic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of accentuation used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonant system", + "consonantal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of consonants used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphophonemic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the morphophonemics of a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonemic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of phonemes recognized in a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonological system", + "phonologic system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of phones used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabicity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pattern of syllable formation in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tense system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of tenses used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone system", + "tonal system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of tones used in a particular language or dialect of a tone language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vowel system", + "vocalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of vowels used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schwa", + "shwa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutral middle vowel; occurs in unstressed syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murmur vowel", + "murmur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schwa that is incidental to the pronunciation of a consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem vowel", + "thematic vowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vowel that ends a stem and precedes an inflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semivowel", + "glide" + ], + "it": [ + "semivocale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vowellike sound that serves as a consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatal" + ], + "it": [ + "palatale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semivowel produced with the tongue near the palate (like the initial sound in the English word `yeast')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vowel" + ], + "it": [ + "vocale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of the alphabet standing for a spoken vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vowel point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark placed below or near a consonant (as in Hebrew or Arabic) to indicate the spoken vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonant" + ], + "it": [ + "consonante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech sound that is not a vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonant" + ], + "it": [ + "consonante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a letter of the alphabet standing for a spoken consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alveolar consonant", + "dental consonant", + "alveolar", + "dental" + ], + "it": [ + "dentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant articulated with the tip of the tongue near the gum ridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant that is produced with a partial or complete blockage of the airflow from the lungs through the nose or mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop consonant", + "stop", + "occlusive", + "plosive consonant", + "plosive speech sound", + "plosive" + ], + "it": [ + "consonante esplosiva", + "consonante occlusiva", + "esplosiva", + "occlusiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant produced by stopping the flow of air at some point and suddenly releasing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implosion" + ], + "it": [ + "implosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial occluded phase of a stop consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plosion", + "explosion" + ], + "it": [ + "esplosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the terminal forced release of pressure built up during the occlusive phase of a stop consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affrication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of a simple stop consonant into an affricate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirate" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant pronounced with aspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspiration" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manner of articulation involving an audible release of breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labial consonant", + "labial" + ], + "it": [ + "labiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant whose articulation involves movement of the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labiodental consonant", + "labiodental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant whose articulation involves the lips and teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilabial" + ], + "it": [ + "bilabiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant that is articulated using both lips; /p/ or /b/ or /w/" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labial stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop consonant that is produced with the lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glottal stop", + "glottal plosive", + "glottal catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop consonant articulated by releasing pressure at the glottis; as in the sudden onset of a vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epenthesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the insertion of a vowel or consonant into a word to make its pronunciation easier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasalization", + "nasalisation" + ], + "it": [ + "nasalizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of nasalizing; the utterance of sounds modulated by the nasal resonators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction stop", + "click" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop consonant made by the suction of air into the mouth (as in Bantu)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continuant consonant", + "continuant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consonant articulated by constricting (but not closing) the vocal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fricative consonant", + "fricative", + "spirant" + ], + "it": [ + "fricativa", + "fricativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuant consonant produced by breath moving against a narrowing of the vocal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibilant", + "sibilant consonant" + ], + "it": [ + "sibilante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant characterized by a hissing sound (like s or sh)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affricate", + "affricate consonant", + "affricative" + ], + "it": [ + "affricata", + "semiocclusiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composite speech sound consisting of a stop and a fricative articulated at the same point (as `ch' in `chair' and `j' in `joy')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasal consonant", + "nasal" + ], + "it": [ + "nasale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant produced through the nose with the mouth closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orinasal phone", + "orinasal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech sound produced with both the oral and nasal passages open (as French nasal vowels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant that is produced with the tongue and other speech organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid" + ], + "it": [ + "liquida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frictionless continuant that is not a nasal consonant (especially `l' and `r')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doubled or long consonant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surd", + "voiceless consonant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant produced without sound from the vocal cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velar", + "velar consonant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant produced with the back of the tongue touching or near the soft palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guttural", + "guttural consonant", + "pharyngeal", + "pharyngeal consonant" + ], + "it": [ + "gutturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consonant articulated in the back of the mouth or throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonant", + "voiced sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech sound accompanied by sound from the vocal cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry", + "outcry", + "call", + "yell", + "shout", + "vociferation" + ], + "it": [ + "clamore", + "grido", + "strillata", + "urlata", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry", + "yell" + ], + "it": [ + "grido", + "strillata", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud utterance of emotion (especially when inarticulate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellow", + "bellowing", + "holla", + "holler", + "hollering", + "hollo", + "holloa", + "roar", + "roaring", + "yowl" + ], + "it": [ + "boato", + "bramito", + "deflagrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very loud utterance (like the sound of an animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue murder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extravagantly loud outcry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catcall" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiata", + "fischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry expressing disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamor", + "clamoring", + "clamour", + "clamouring", + "hue and cry" + ], + "it": [ + "baccano", + "buggerio", + "buscherio", + "busso", + "chiasso", + "clamore", + "patassio", + "strepito", + "vocio", + "clamorosa protesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud and persistent outcry from many people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shout to attract attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud raucous cry (as of an owl)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hosanna" + ], + "it": [ + "osanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry of praise or adoration (to God)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud outcry of protest or complaint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scream", + "screaming", + "shriek", + "shrieking", + "screech", + "screeching" + ], + "it": [ + "strido", + "strillo", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharp piercing cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud hooting cry of exultation or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war cry", + "war whoop", + "rallying cry", + "battle cry" + ], + "it": [ + "grido di battaglia", + "grido di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yell intended to rally a group of soldiers in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yelling", + "shouting" + ], + "it": [ + "sbraitio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uttering a loud inarticulate cry as of pain or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yodel" + ], + "it": [ + "jodel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a songlike cry in which the voice fluctuates rapidly between the normal voice and falsetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boo", + "hoot", + "Bronx cheer", + "hiss", + "raspberry", + "razzing", + "razz", + "snort", + "bird" + ], + "it": [ + "pernacchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry or noise made to express displeasure or contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blasphemy" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmia", + "imprecazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blasphemous language (expressing disrespect for God or for something sacred)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscenity", + "smut", + "vulgarism", + "filth", + "dirty word" + ], + "it": [ + "scurrilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive or indecent word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bawdry", + "bawdy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lewd or obscene talk or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preoccupation with obscenity (especially that dealing with excrement or excretory functions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curse", + "curse word", + "expletive", + "oath", + "swearing", + "swearword", + "cuss" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmia", + "eresia", + "giaculatoria", + "imprecazione", + "maledizione", + "moccolo", + "parolaccia", + "sozzeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croak", + "croaking" + ], + "it": [ + "gracidamento", + "gracidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh hoarse utterance (as of a frog)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclamation", + "exclaiming" + ], + "it": [ + "esclamazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt excited utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil", + "deuce", + "dickens" + ], + "it": [ + "diavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word used in exclamations of confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculation", + "interjection" + ], + "it": [ + "esclamazione", + "interiezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt emphatic exclamation expressing emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expostulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exclamation of protest or remonstrance or reproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expletive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase conveying no independent meaning but added to fill out a sentence or metrical line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groan", + "moan" + ], + "it": [ + "gemito", + "lamento", + "mugolio", + "versaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an utterance expressing pain or disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem", + "ahem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the utterance of a sound similar to clearing the throat; intended to get attention, express hesitancy, fill a pause, hide embarrassment, warn a friend, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howl", + "howling", + "ululation" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaiamento", + "latrato", + "ululato", + "ululo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long loud emotional utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugh", + "laughter" + ], + "it": [ + "risata", + "riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of laughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft indistinct utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachinnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud convulsive laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud laugh suggestive of a hen's cackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chortle", + "chuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft partly suppressed laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giggle" + ], + "it": [ + "ridarella", + "riderella", + "risarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foolish or nervous laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guffaw", + "belly laugh" + ], + "it": [ + "grassa risata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burst of deep loud hearty laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hee-haw", + "horselaugh", + "ha-ha", + "haw-haw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud laugh that sounds like a horse neighing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snicker", + "snort", + "snigger" + ], + "it": [ + "ghignata", + "risolino", + "sghignazzata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disrespectful laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titter" + ], + "it": [ + "risolino", + "risatina nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nervous restrained laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calling out the name of a person (especially by a loudspeaker system)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profanity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vulgar or irreverent speech or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronunciation", + "orthoepy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the way a word or a language is customarily spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronunciation" + ], + "it": [ + "pronuncia", + "pronunzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manner in which someone utters a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibilation", + "assibilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronunciation with a sibilant (hissing or whistling) sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exultation", + "rejoicing", + "jubilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the utterance of sounds expressing great joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigh", + "suspiration" + ], + "it": [ + "sospiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an utterance made by exhaling audibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snarl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vicious angry growl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speaking", + "speech production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the utterance of intelligible speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sputter", + "splutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an utterance (of words) with spitting sounds (as in rage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisper", + "whispering", + "susurration", + "voicelessness" + ], + "it": [ + "bisbiglio", + "sussurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speaking softly without vibration of the vocal cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage whisper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud whisper that can be overheard; on the stage it is heard by the audience but it supposed to be inaudible to the rest of the cast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rasp", + "rasping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uttering in an irritated tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mispronunciation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pronuncia errata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorrect pronunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homograph" + ], + "it": [ + "omografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two words are homographs if they are spelled the same way but differ in meaning (e.g. fair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homophone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two words are homophones if they are pronounced the same way but differ in meaning or spelling or both (e.g. bare and bear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homophony" + ], + "it": [ + "omofonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the same pronunciation for words of different origins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accent", + "speech pattern" + ], + "it": [ + "accento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinctive manner of oral expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawl" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cadenza strascicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow speech pattern with prolonged vowels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspect of pronunciation that involves bringing articulatory organs together so as to shape the sounds of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroflection", + "retroflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "retroflessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an articulatory gesture made by turning the tip of the tongue back against the roof of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enunciation", + "diction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumbling" + ], + "it": [ + "borbottamento", + "borbottio", + "cincischiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indistinct enunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncope", + "syncopation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(phonology) the loss of sounds from within a word (as in `fo'c'sle' for `forecastle')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the articulatory process whereby the pronunciation of a word or morpheme changes when it is followed immediately by another (especially in fluent speech)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indistinct articulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue twister" + ], + "it": [ + "scioglilingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression that is difficult to articulate clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the articulation of a consonant (especially the consonant `r') with a rapid flutter of the tongue against the palate or uvula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversation" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierata", + "colloquio", + "conversare", + "conversazione", + "discorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively or heated interchange of ideas and opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phatic speech", + "phatic communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversational speech used to communicate sociability more than information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercourse", + "social intercourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication between individuals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communion", + "sharing" + ], + "it": [ + "comunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharing thoughts and feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chat", + "confab", + "confabulation", + "schmooze", + "schmoose" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chitchat", + "chit-chat", + "chit chat", + "small talk", + "gab", + "gabfest", + "gossip", + "tittle-tattle", + "chin wag", + "chin-wag", + "chin wagging", + "chin-wagging", + "causerie" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "ciancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light informal conversation for social occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gossiping", + "gossipmongering" + ], + "it": [ + "pettegolezzi", + "pettegolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conversation that spreads personal information about other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandalmongering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spreading malicious gossip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk", + "talking" + ], + "it": [ + "discorso", + "parlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange of ideas via conversation" + ], + "it": [ + "l'atto di parlare e il suo prodotto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cant", + "pious platitude" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "discorsi ipocriti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insincere talk about religion or morals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialogue", + "dialog", + "duologue" + ], + "it": [ + "colloquio", + "dialogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conversation between two persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart-to-heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intimate talk in private" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shmooze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a warm heart-to-heart talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk about your business that only others in the same business can understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "malarkey", + "malarky", + "idle words", + "jazz", + "nothingness" + ], + "it": [ + "aria fritta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yak", + "yack", + "yakety-yak", + "chatter", + "cackle" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiericcio", + "chiacchierio", + "cicalamento", + "cicaleccio", + "cicalio", + "favellio", + "parlottio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prate", + "prattle", + "idle talk", + "blether", + "chin music" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "chicacchiera", + "ciancia", + "cicalata", + "fanfaluca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "idle or foolish and irrelevant talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nothings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inconsequential conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet nothings", + "honeyed words" + ], + "it": [ + "parolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inconsequential expressions of affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commerce" + ], + "it": [ + "commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "social exchange, especially of opinions, attitudes, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloquy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail" + ], + "it": [ + "dettaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extended treatment of particulars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lengthy discussion (spoken or written) on a particular topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discussion", + "treatment", + "discourse" + ], + "it": [ + "disputazione", + "ragionamento", + "trattazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect discourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report of a discourse in which deictic terms are modified appropriately (e.g., \"he said `I am a fool' would be modified to `he said he is a fool'\")" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct discourse", + "direct quotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report of the exact words used in a discourse (e.g., \"he said `I am a fool'\")" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consideration" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi", + "valutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion of a topic (as in a meeting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expatiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion (spoken or written) that enlarges on a topic or theme at length or in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discussion; (`talk about' is a less formal alternative for `discussion of')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconsideration" + ], + "it": [ + "riconsiderazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consideration of a topic (as in a meeting) with a view to changing an earlier decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhortation" + ], + "it": [ + "esortazione", + "invito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication intended to urge or persuade the recipients to take some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expression", + "verbal expression", + "verbalism" + ], + "it": [ + "espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions" + ], + "it": [ + "il comunicare, specialmente attraverso il linguaggio, pensieri, sentimenti, stati d'animo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold turkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blunt expression of views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congratulation", + "felicitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) an expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discussion", + "give-and-take", + "word" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattito", + "discussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange of views on some topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argument", + "argumentation", + "debate" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddittorio", + "contradittorio", + "dibattimento", + "dibattito", + "discussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logomachy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argument about words or the meaning of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiation between enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "voluble conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversation in a situation where feelings can be expressed and criticized or supported" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-hand speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overheard conversation (especially overheard cellphone conversation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table talk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "conversazione a tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversation during a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone conversation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conversation over the telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tete-a-tete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private conversation between two people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intimate conversation between lovers (typically occurring in bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliberation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) discussion of all sides of a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference", + "group discussion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal discussion (usually among men)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloquy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conversation especially a formal one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consultation" + ], + "it": [ + "consulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference between two or more people to consider a particular question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidebar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a courtroom conference between the lawyers and the judge that is held out of the jury's hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consultation", + "audience", + "interview" + ], + "it": [ + "intervista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference (usually with someone important)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel discussion" + ], + "it": [ + "tavola rotonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discussion of a subject of public interest by a group of persons forming a panel usually before an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmortem", + "post-mortem" + ], + "it": [ + "analisi", + "analisi a posteriori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discussion of an event after it has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public discussion", + "ventilation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free and open discussion of (or debate on) some question of public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddle", + "powwow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(informal) a quick private conference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backgrounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a press conference or interview in which a government official explains to reporters the background of an action or policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press conference", + "news conference" + ], + "it": [ + "conferenza stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference at which press and tv reporters ask questions of a politician or other celebrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretrial", + "pretrial conference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a conference held before the trial begins to bring the parties together to outline discovery proceedings and to define the issues to be tried; more useful in civil than in criminal cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round table", + "roundtable", + "round-table conference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of peers for discussion and exchange of views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "session" + ], + "it": [ + "sessione", + "seduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting for execution of a group's functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teach-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended session (as on a college campus) for lectures and discussion on an important and usually controversial issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleconference", + "teleconferencing" + ], + "it": [ + "teleconferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference of people who are in different locations that is made possible by the use of such telecommunications equipment as closed-circuit television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitting" + ], + "it": [ + "tornata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session as of a legislature or court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meeting for diagnosis of problems and instruction or remedial work in a particular activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading clinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinic for people with reading disabilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball clinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting at which basketball players receive special evaluation and instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball clinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting at which baseball players receive special evaluation and instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey clinic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting at which hockey players receive special evaluation and instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive session", + "closed session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session (usually of a legislative body) that is closed to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattimento", + "dibattito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session (of a committee or grand jury) in which witnesses are called and testimony is taken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirmation hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearing held by the US Senate to gather information on whether to approve or reject candidates for high federal office who are nominated by the president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skull session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session (as of executives or advisors) to discuss policy or strategy or to solve problems or exchange ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special session" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session that is held in addition to the regular sessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a session of intensive tuition given by a tutor to an individual or to a small number of students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiation", + "dialogue", + "talks" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattazione", + "deal", + "dialogo", + "negoziato", + "negoziazione", + "trattativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomacy", + "diplomatic negotiations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiation between nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dollar diplomacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diplomacy influenced by economic considerations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power politics", + "gunboat diplomacy" + ], + "it": [ + "politica della forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diplomacy in which the nations threaten to use force in order to obtain their objectives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the explicit and formal acknowledgement of a government or of the national independence of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle diplomacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "international negotiations conducted by a mediator who frequently flies back and forth between the negotiating parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strategic Arms Limitation Talks", + "SALT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargaining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collective bargaining" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattazione collettiva", + "trattative collettive", + "trattative sindacali collettive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiation between an employer and trade union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haggle", + "haggling", + "wrangle", + "wrangling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of intense argument (as in bargaining)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holdout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a refusal by a negotiator to come to terms in the hope of obtaining a better deal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse trading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiation accompanied by mutual concessions and shrewd bargaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediation" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitraggio", + "arbitrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiation to resolve differences that is conducted by some impartial party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties (often used to settle disputes between labor and management)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conciliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various forms of mediation whereby disputes may be settled short of arbitration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umpirage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mediation by an umpire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saying", + "expression", + "locution" + ], + "it": [ + "detto", + "espressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomical reference", + "anatomical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression that relates to anatomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southernism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locution or pronunciation peculiar to the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very short speech; usually on radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motto", + "slogan", + "catchword", + "shibboleth" + ], + "it": [ + "divisa", + "motto", + "slogan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorite saying of a sect or political group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catchphrase", + "catch phrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase that has become a catchword" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commonly repeated word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war cry", + "rallying cry", + "battle cry", + "cry", + "watchword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slogan used to rally support for a cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maxim", + "axiom" + ], + "it": [ + "massima", + "adagio", + "detto", + "motto", + "sentenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits" + ], + "it": [ + "un detto largamento accettato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphorism", + "apothegm", + "apophthegm" + ], + "it": [ + "aforisma", + "aforismo", + "apoftegma", + "gnome", + "motto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short pithy instructive saying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short pithy saying expressing a general truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murphy's Law", + "Sod's Law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "humorous axiom stating that anything that can go wrong will go wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moral maxim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigram", + "quip" + ], + "it": [ + "arguzia", + "battuta di spirito", + "motto di spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty saying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proverb", + "adage", + "saw", + "byword" + ], + "it": [ + "adagio", + "detto", + "proverbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platitude", + "cliche", + "banality", + "commonplace", + "bromide" + ], + "it": [ + "banalità", + "cliché", + "luogo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trite or obvious remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truism" + ], + "it": [ + "banalità", + "truismo", + "verità lapalissiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obvious truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiom", + "idiomatic expression", + "phrasal idiom", + "set phrase", + "phrase" + ], + "it": [ + "espressione idiomatica", + "frase", + "locuzione", + "locuzione idiomatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruralism", + "rusticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rural idiom or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agrapha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sayings of Jesus not recorded in the canonical Gospels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumpsimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a correct expression that takes the place of a popular but incorrect expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-standard speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speech that differs from the usual accepted, easily recognizable speech of native adult members of a speech community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby talk", + "babytalk" + ], + "it": [ + "linguaggio infantile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the developing speech of a young child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby talk", + "babytalk", + "motherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult's imitation of the speech of a young child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialect", + "idiom", + "accent" + ], + "it": [ + "dialetto", + "vernacolo", + "parlata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye dialect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of misspellings to identify a colloquial or uneducated speaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patois" + ], + "it": [ + "patois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regional dialect of a language (especially French); usually considered substandard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "localism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase or pronunciation that is peculiar to a particular locality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feature (as a pronunciation or expression or custom) that is characteristic of a particular region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiolect" + ], + "it": [ + "idioletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the language or speech of one individual at a particular period in life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monologue" + ], + "it": [ + "monologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long utterance by one person (especially one that prevents others from participating in the conversation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegraphese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language characterized by terseness and ellipsis as in telegrams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernacular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the everyday speech of the people (as distinguished from literary language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slang", + "cant", + "jargon", + "lingo", + "argot", + "patois", + "vernacular" + ], + "it": [ + "argot", + "frasario", + "fraseologia", + "gergo", + "linguaggio", + "slang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyming slang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang that replaces words with rhyming words or expressions and then typically omits the rhyming component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slang", + "slang expression", + "slang term" + ], + "it": [ + "argot", + "gergo", + "linguaggio", + "slang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell", + "magic spell", + "magical spell", + "charm" + ], + "it": [ + "formula magica", + "scongiuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal formula believed to have magical force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incantation", + "conjuration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ritual recitation of words or sounds believed to have a magical effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incantation used in conjuring or summoning a devil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hex", + "jinx", + "curse", + "whammy" + ], + "it": [ + "fattura", + "maleficio", + "malefizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil spell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictation" + ], + "it": [ + "dettatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speech intended for reproduction in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soliloquy", + "monologue" + ], + "it": [ + "monologo", + "soliloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speech you make to yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech act" + ], + "it": [ + "atto linguistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of language to perform some act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposal", + "proposition" + ], + "it": [ + "offerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer by an employer to contract to pay an employee at a given rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage proposal", + "proposal of marriage", + "marriage offer", + "proposal" + ], + "it": [ + "proposta di matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer of marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer for a private bargain (especially a request for sexual favors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal reference to a marriage proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposal" + ], + "it": [ + "proposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterproposal" + ], + "it": [ + "controproposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposal offered as an alternative to an earlier proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothesis" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggestion", + "proposition", + "proffer" + ], + "it": [ + "proposta", + "suggerimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposal offered for acceptance or rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-introduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a proposal of something previously rejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first presentation of a bill in a legislature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second presentation of a bill in a legislature; to approve its general principles (Britain) or to discuss a committee's report and take a vote (US)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motion", + "question" + ], + "it": [ + "mozione", + "proposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "previous question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motion calling for an immediate vote on the main question under discussion by a deliberative assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hint", + "intimation", + "breath" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "adombramento", + "cenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indirect suggestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "trace", + "ghost" + ], + "it": [ + "ombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suggestion of some quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overture", + "advance", + "approach", + "feeler" + ], + "it": [ + "approccio", + "avance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "offering" + ], + "it": [ + "offerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something offered (as a proposal or bid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counteroffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer made by someone who has rejected a prior offer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid", + "tender" + ], + "it": [ + "licitazione", + "offerta", + "offerta di acquisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal proposal to buy at a specified price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bid that is higher than preceding bids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buyout bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bid to buy all of a person's holdings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prospectus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal written offer to sell securities (filed with the SEC) that sets forth a plan for a (proposed) business enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preliminary prospectus", + "red herring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first draft of a prospectus; must be clearly marked to indicate that parts may be changed in the final prospectus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer to buy shares in a corporation (usually above the market price) for cash or securities or both" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offer of money for helping to find a criminal or for returning lost property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rights offering", + "rights issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offering of common stock to existing shareholders who hold subscription rights or pre-emptive rights that entitle them to buy newly issued shares at a discount from the price at which they will be offered to the public later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monetary reward for helping to catch a criminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace offering", + "olive branch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something offered to an adversary in the hope of obtaining peace" + ], + "it": [ + "dono in segno di riconciliazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offer of two for the price of one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of presenting a proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submission", + "entry" + ], + "it": [ + "presentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filing" + ], + "it": [ + "archiviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entering of a legal document into the public record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command", + "bid", + "bidding", + "dictation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative direction or instruction to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contrary command cancelling or reversing a previous command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione", + "ordine", + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed" + ], + "it": [ + "direttiva impartita da una persona o da un ente che ne ha l'autorità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marching orders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order from a superior officer for troops to depart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summons" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order to appear in person at a given place and time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal command for action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order to report for military duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission", + "charge", + "direction" + ], + "it": [ + "direttiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdirection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorrect charge to a jury given by a judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commandment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is commanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decalogue", + "Ten Commandments" + ], + "it": [ + "decalogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biblical commandments of Moses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directive" + ], + "it": [ + "direttiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pronouncement encouraging or banning some activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presidential Directive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a directive issued by the President of the United States; usually addressed to all heads of departments and agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injunction" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal command or admonition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative command or request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open sesame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magical command; used by Ali Baba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpretation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation that results from interpreting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarification", + "elucidation", + "illumination" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarificazione", + "chiarimento", + "delucidazione", + "dilucidazione", + "precisazione", + "puntualizzazione", + "schiarimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation that removes obstacles to understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disambiguation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarification that follows from the removal of ambiguity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexical disambiguation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disambiguation of the sense of a polysemantic word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eisegesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personal interpretation of a text (especially of the Bible) using your own ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exegesis" + ], + "it": [ + "esegesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explanation or critical interpretation (especially of the Bible)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ijtihad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the endeavor of a Moslem scholar to derive a rule of divine law from the Koran and Hadith without relying on the views of other scholars; by the end of the 10th century theologians decided that debate on such matters would be closed and Muslim theology and law were frozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "text" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expansion", + "enlargement", + "elaboration" + ], + "it": [ + "ampliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussion that provides additional information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embellishment", + "embroidery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elaboration of an interpretation by the use of decorative (sometimes fictitious) detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literal interpretation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation based on the exact wording" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter" + ], + "it": [ + "lettera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strictly literal interpretation (as distinct from the intention)" + ], + "it": [ + "l'interpretazione più restrittiva e ovvia delle parole di uno scritto, di un testo, il senso puramente referenziale e denotativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "version" + ], + "it": [ + "versione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular interpretation or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction", + "twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation of a text or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconstruction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation formed by piecing together bits of evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularization", + "popularisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpretation that easily understandable and acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misinterpretation", + "misunderstanding", + "mistaking" + ], + "it": [ + "equivoco", + "fraintendimento", + "errata interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putting the wrong interpretation on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbroglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very embarrassing misunderstanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misconstrual", + "misconstruction" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "errata interpretazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of misinterpretation resulting from putting a wrong construction on words or actions (often deliberately)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misreading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misinterpretation caused by inaccurate reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the verbal act of agreeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assent", + "acquiescence" + ], + "it": [ + "acconsentimento", + "adesione", + "assenso", + "assentimento", + "beneplacito", + "benestare", + "consenso", + "permesso", + "acquiescenza", + "arrendevolezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement with a statement or proposal to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informed consent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent by a patient to undergo a medical or surgical treatment or to participate in an experiment after the patient understands the risks involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptance" + ], + "it": [ + "accettazione", + "adesione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(contract law) words signifying consent to the terms of an offer (thereby creating a contract)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concession", + "conceding", + "yielding" + ], + "it": [ + "concessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of conceding or yielding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bye", + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "you advance to the next round in a tournament without playing an opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concurrence", + "concurrency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement of results or opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accord", + "conformity", + "accordance" + ], + "it": [ + "armonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concurrence of opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connivance", + "collusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement on a secret plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cahoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession", + "assenting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreeing with or consenting to (often unwillingly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settlement of differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclusion" + ], + "it": [ + "epilogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the written record or promise of an arrangement by which accommodations are secured in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodamento", + "appianamento", + "composizione", + "conciliazione", + "concordato", + "definizione", + "sistemazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out-of-court settlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resolution of a dispute prior to the rendering of a final decision by the trial court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property settlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(matrimonial law) the division of property owned or acquired by marriage partners during their marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accord and satisfaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the settlement of a debt by paying less than the amount demanded in exchange for extinguishing the debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severance agreement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement on the terms on which an employee will leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden handshake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lucrative severance agreement offered to an employee (usually as an incentive to retire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide pact" + ], + "it": [ + "patto suicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement by two or more people to commit suicide together at a given place and time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modus vivendi" + ], + "it": [ + "modus vivendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary accommodation of a disagreement between parties pending a permanent settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise" + ], + "it": [ + "compromesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accommodation in which both sides make concessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri Compromise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscription" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement expressed by (or as if expressed by) signing your name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratification", + "confirmation" + ], + "it": [ + "omologazione", + "ratifica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmony", + "concord", + "concordance" + ], + "it": [ + "accordo", + "armonia", + "concordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agreement of opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second", + "secondment", + "endorsement", + "indorsement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech seconding a motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the act of citing (as of spoken words or written passages or legal precedents etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagreement" + ], + "it": [ + "dissenso", + "diverbio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of disagreeing or arguing or disputing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confrontation", + "encounter", + "showdown", + "face-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile disagreement face-to-face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissidence" + ], + "it": [ + "dissenso", + "dissidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disagreement; especially disagreement with the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissent" + ], + "it": [ + "dissenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difference of opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of harmony or correspondence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discord", + "dissension" + ], + "it": [ + "attrito", + "disaccordo", + "discordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disagreement among those expected to cooperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confrontation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discord resulting from a clash of ideas or opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division", + "variance" + ], + "it": [ + "disaccordo", + "discordia", + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discord that splits a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispute", + "difference", + "difference of opinion", + "conflict" + ], + "it": [ + "bega", + "contestazione", + "contrasto", + "dissidio", + "lite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disagreement or argument about something important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw man", + "strawman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak or sham argument set up to be easily refuted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argy-bargy", + "argle-bargle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal dispute; a wrangling argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firestorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outburst of controversy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument in which the participants are trying to gain some advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special pleading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argument that ignores all unfavorable evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conflict of opposed ideas or attitudes or goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "controversy", + "contention", + "contestation", + "disputation", + "disceptation", + "tilt", + "argument", + "arguing" + ], + "it": [ + "contesa", + "controversia", + "discussione", + "disputa", + "polemica", + "rissa", + "litigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polemic" + ], + "it": [ + "diatriba", + "disputa", + "polemica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a controversy (especially over a belief or dogma)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difference (especially an unfortunate difference) between two opinions or two views or two situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difference between the views of young people and their parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarrel", + "wrangle", + "row", + "words", + "run-in", + "dustup" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaruffamento", + "accapigliamento", + "altercazione", + "alterco", + "azzuffamento", + "bagarre", + "baruffa", + "bisticcio", + "briga", + "chiassata", + "discussione", + "diverbio", + "lite", + "litigio", + "scazzo", + "scontro", + "tafferuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angry dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight" + ], + "it": [ + "discordia", + "lite", + "lotta", + "zuffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense verbal dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affray", + "altercation", + "fracas" + ], + "it": [ + "alterco", + "baruffa", + "disputa", + "lite", + "litigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noisy quarrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batrachomyomachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silly altercation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicker", + "bickering", + "spat", + "tiff", + "squabble", + "pettifoggery", + "fuss" + ], + "it": [ + "battibecco", + "bisticcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarrel about petty points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bust-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious quarrel (especially one that ends a friendship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "offering" + ], + "it": [ + "offerta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the verbal act of offering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "request", + "asking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the verbal act of requesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notification", + "notice" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request for payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish", + "indirect request" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of some desire or inclination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invitation" + ], + "it": [ + "invito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something" + ], + "it": [ + "una richiesta formale a partecipare o ad essere presente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bidding", + "summons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request to be present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloquial expression for invitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entreaty", + "prayer", + "appeal" + ], + "it": [ + "preghiera", + "sollecitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earnest or urgent request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjuration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn and earnest appeal to someone to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demagoguery", + "demagogy" + ], + "it": [ + "demagogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impassioned appeals to the prejudices and emotions of the populace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag waving", + "jingoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appeal intended to arouse patriotic emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplication", + "plea" + ], + "it": [ + "implorazione", + "preghiera", + "supplica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humble request for help from someone in authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entreaty addressed to someone of superior status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggary", + "begging", + "mendicancy" + ], + "it": [ + "accatto", + "accattonaggio", + "accattoneria", + "questua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solicitation for money or food (especially in the street by an apparently penniless person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of soliciting money (as a gift or loan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importunity", + "urgency", + "urging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insistent solicitation and entreaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petition or appeal made to a person of superior status or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtship", + "wooing", + "courting", + "suit" + ], + "it": [ + "corteggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man's courting of a woman; seeking the affections of a woman (usually with the hope of marriage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a onetime custom during courtship of unmarried couples occupying the same bed without undressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer", + "petition", + "orison" + ], + "it": [ + "preghiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverent petition to a deity" + ], + "it": [ + "preghiera rivolta ad una divinità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benediction", + "blessing" + ], + "it": [ + "benedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial prayer invoking divine protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spoken blessing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short prayer generally preceding the lesson in the Church of Rome or the Church of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prayers proclaiming God's anger against sinners; read in the Church of England on Ash Wednesday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprecation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer to avert or remove some evil or disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grace", + "blessing", + "thanksgiving" + ], + "it": [ + "benedicite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short prayer of thanks before a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercession" + ], + "it": [ + "intercessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer to God on behalf of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invocation", + "supplication" + ], + "it": [ + "implorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer asking God's help as part of a religious service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn supplication ceremony prescribed by the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requiescat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prayer for the repose of the soul of a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call to return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "billing" + ], + "it": [ + "fatturazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request for payment of a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a document that must be accepted and paid by another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "richiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urgent or peremptory request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demand by a sentry for a password or identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultimatum" + ], + "it": [ + "aut aut", + "ultimatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final peremptory demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insistence", + "insisting" + ], + "it": [ + "insistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continual and persistent demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrupulous or exaggerated insistence on purity or correctness (especially in language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demand especially in the phrase \"the call of duty\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requisition" + ], + "it": [ + "requisizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of requiring; an authoritative request or demand, especially by a military or public authority that takes something over (usually temporarily) for military or public use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demand for a show of hands in a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margin call", + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demand by a broker that a customer deposit enough to bring his margin up to the minimum requirement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage claim", + "pay claim" + ], + "it": [ + "rivendicazione salariale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wage demanded from management for workers by their union representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trick or treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request by children on Halloween; they pass from door to door asking for goodies and threatening to play tricks on those who refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "questioning", + "inquiring" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request for information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "questioning a statement and demanding an explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question", + "inquiry", + "enquiry", + "query", + "interrogation" + ], + "it": [ + "domanda", + "interrogazione", + "quesito", + "questione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of questioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrogation", + "examination", + "interrogatory" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal systematic questioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechism" + ], + "it": [ + "catechismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of question put to an individual (such as a political candidate) to elicit their views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a pretrial interrogation of a witness; usually conducted in a lawyer's office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquisition" + ], + "it": [ + "inquisizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe interrogation (often violating the rights or privacy of individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third degree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrogation often accompanied by torture to extort information or a confession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-examination" + ], + "it": [ + "controinterrogatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) close questioning of a hostile witness in a court of law to discredit or throw a new light on the testimony already provided in direct examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct examination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the initial questioning of a witness by the party that called the witness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redirect examination", + "reexamination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) questioning of a witness by the party that called the witness after that witness has been subject to cross-examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a question asked in cross-examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a question phrased in such a way as to suggest the desired answer; a lawyer may ask leading questions on cross-examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yes-no question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a question that can be answered by yes or no" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interview" + ], + "it": [ + "intervista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the questioning of a person (or a conversation in which information is elicited); often conducted by journalists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job interview", + "employment interview" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interview to determine whether an applicant is suitable for a position of employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone interview" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interview conducted over the telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question", + "interrogation", + "interrogative", + "interrogative sentence" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogativo", + "proposizione interrogativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examination", + "exam", + "test" + ], + "it": [ + "compito in classe", + "esame", + "prova", + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar examination", + "bar exam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination conducted at regular intervals to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice law in a given jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comprehensive examination", + "comprehensive", + "comp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intensive examination testing a student's proficiency in some special field of knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance examination", + "entrance exam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examination to determine a candidate's preparation for a course of studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final examination", + "final exam", + "final" + ], + "it": [ + "maturità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination administered at the end of an academic term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litmus test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a test that relies on a single indicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midterm examination", + "midterm exam", + "midterm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination administered in the middle of an academic term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop quiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quiz given without prior warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oral", + "oral exam", + "oral examination", + "viva voce", + "viva" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogazione", + "orale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination conducted by spoken communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preliminary examination", + "preliminary exam", + "prelim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination taken by graduate students to determine their fitness to continue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiz" + ], + "it": [ + "quiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examination consisting of a few short questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test paper", + "examination paper", + "exam paper", + "question sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final honors degree examinations at Cambridge University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reply", + "response" + ], + "it": [ + "risposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non sequitur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reply that has no relevance to what preceded it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejoinder", + "retort", + "return", + "riposte", + "replication", + "comeback", + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo" + ], + "it": [ + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reply that repeats what has just been said" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echolalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant's repetition of sounds uttered by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ], + "it": [ + "replica", + "risposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of replying to a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urim and Thummim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lots thrown to determine God's answers to yes-no questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refutation", + "defense", + "defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of answering an attack on your assertions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of refuting conclusively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuttal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of refuting by offering a contrary contention or argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "description" + ], + "it": [ + "descrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of describing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characterization", + "characterisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of describing distinctive characteristics or essential features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word picture", + "word-painting", + "delineation", + "depiction", + "picture", + "characterization", + "characterisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graphic or vivid verbal description" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epithet" + ], + "it": [ + "epiteto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descriptive word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portrayal", + "portraiture", + "portrait" + ], + "it": [ + "descrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word picture of a person's appearance and character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ], + "it": [ + "etichetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief description given for purposes of identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particularization", + "particularisation", + "detailing" + ], + "it": [ + "particolarizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individualized description of a particular instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch", + "vignette" + ], + "it": [ + "tratteggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief literary description" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmation", + "assertion", + "statement" + ], + "it": [ + "affermazione", + "asserzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of affirming or asserting or stating something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factual statement made by one party in order to induce another party to enter into a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say-so" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one chap's arbitrary assertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirmative" + ], + "it": [ + "affermativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reply of affirmation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affirmative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affirmative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement of taxable goods or of dutiable properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denial", + "disaffirmation" + ], + "it": [ + "diniego", + "nego", + "niego", + "recusa", + "ricusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of asserting that something alleged is not true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnegation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the denial and rejection of a doctrine or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naysaying" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of saying no to a request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reply of denial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no" + ], + "it": [ + "no" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double negative" + ], + "it": [ + "doppia negazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grammatically substandard but emphatic negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double negative" + ], + "it": [ + "doppia negazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affirmative constructed from two negatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refusal" + ], + "it": [ + "diniego", + "rifiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of refusing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refusal to acknowledge or pay a debt or honor a contract (especially by public authorities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disavowal", + "disclaimer" + ], + "it": [ + "disconoscimento", + "ripudio", + "sconfessione", + "sconoscimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "denial of any connection with or knowledge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retraction", + "abjuration", + "recantation" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrattazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disavowal or taking back of a previous assertion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal", + "backdown", + "climb-down" + ], + "it": [ + "arretramento", + "regressione", + "retrocedimento", + "ripiegamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retraction of a previously held position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negation" + ], + "it": [ + "negazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of negating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of contradicting someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-contradiction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contradicting yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradiction", + "contradiction in terms" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddizione", + "contradizione", + "controsenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(logic) a statement that is necessarily false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancellation" + ], + "it": [ + "annullamento", + "cancellazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of revoking or annulling or making void" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of rejecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiation", + "renunciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rejecting or disowning or disclaiming as invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disclaimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a voluntary repudiation of a person's legal claim to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disownment", + "disowning" + ], + "it": [ + "ripudio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refusal to acknowledge as one's own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuff", + "snub", + "repulse" + ], + "it": [ + "recusa", + "repulsa", + "ricusa", + "ripulsa", + "secco rifiuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of driving away or warding off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short shrift", + "summary treatment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief and unsympathetic rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "objection" + ], + "it": [ + "antimilitarismo", + "difficoltà", + "obbiezione", + "obiezione", + "osservazione", + "replica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of objecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complaint" + ], + "it": [ + "doglianza", + "doglienza", + "lagnanza", + "lagno", + "lamentela", + "lamento", + "reclamazione", + "reclamo", + "recriminazione", + "rimostranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of grievance or resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complaint" + ], + "it": [ + "lamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a loud cry (or repeated cries) of pain or rage or sorrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demur", + "demurral", + "demurrer" + ], + "it": [ + "eccezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a formal objection to an opponent's pleadings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the difference of one judge's opinion from that of the majority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exception" + ], + "it": [ + "eccezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grounds for adverse criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taking exception; especially a quibble based on a captious argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclamation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud complaint or protest or reproach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gripe", + "kick", + "beef", + "bitch", + "squawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for objecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest", + "protestation" + ], + "it": [ + "contestazione", + "protesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal and solemn declaration of objection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest" + ], + "it": [ + "protesta", + "rimostranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grievance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complaint about a (real or imaginary) wrong that causes resentment and is grounds for action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gruff or angry utterance (suggestive of the growling of an animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grumble", + "grumbling", + "murmur", + "murmuring", + "mutter", + "muttering" + ], + "it": [ + "borbottamento", + "borbottio", + "brontolamento", + "brontolio", + "fiotto", + "mugugno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complaint uttered in a low and indistinct tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeremiad" + ], + "it": [ + "geremiade", + "piagnisteo", + "querimonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and mournful complaint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kvetch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a nagging complaint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet peeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunity for complaint that is seldom missed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whimper", + "whine" + ], + "it": [ + "belato", + "cantilena", + "lagna", + "piagnucolamento", + "piagnucolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complaint uttered in a plaintive whining way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lament", + "lamentation", + "plaint", + "wail" + ], + "it": [ + "compianto", + "corrotto", + "lamentanza", + "lamentazione", + "lamento", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cry of sorrow and grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informing", + "making known" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech act that conveys information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telling", + "apprisal", + "notification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informing by words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice" + ], + "it": [ + "avviso", + "disdetta", + "preavviso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance notification (usually written) of the intention to withdraw from an arrangement of contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notification of something, usually in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismissal", + "dismission", + "pink slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official notice that you have been fired from your job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revelation", + "divine revelation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication of knowledge to man by a divine or supernatural agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disclosure", + "revelation", + "revealing" + ], + "it": [ + "palesamento", + "rivelazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the speech act of making something evident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behavior that makes your feelings public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histrionics" + ], + "it": [ + "istrionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberate display of emotion for effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "production" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display that is exaggerated or unduly complicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sackcloth and ashes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a display of extreme remorse or repentance or grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divulgence", + "divulgement" + ], + "it": [ + "divulgazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of disclosing something that was secret or private" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discovery" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrovato", + "scoperta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discovery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giveaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unintentional disclosure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informing", + "ratting" + ], + "it": [ + "delazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to furnish incriminating evidence to an officer of the law (usually in return for favors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak", + "news leak" + ], + "it": [ + "fuga di notizie", + "indiscrezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unauthorized (especially deliberate) disclosure of confidential information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exposure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disclosure of something secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expose", + "unmasking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exposure of an impostor or a fraud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muckraking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exposure of scandal (especially about public figures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admission" + ], + "it": [ + "ammissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment of the truth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confession" + ], + "it": [ + "confessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admission of misdeeds or faults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-accusation", + "self-condemnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admission that you have failed to do or be something you know you should do or be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concession" + ], + "it": [ + "concessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point conceded or yielded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sop" + ], + "it": [ + "contentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concession given to mollify or placate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulation", + "judicial admission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) an agreement or concession made by parties in a judicial proceeding (or by their attorneys) relating to the business before the court; must be in writing unless they are part of the court record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concession made by a labor union to a company that is trying to lower its expenditures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wage concession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreement to raise wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentation", + "introduction", + "intro" + ], + "it": [ + "introduzione", + "presentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formally making a person known to another or to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presentation of a debutante in society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reintroduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of renewed introduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briefing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detailed instructions, as for a military operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report", + "account" + ], + "it": [ + "relazione", + "narrazione", + "resoconto", + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of informing by verbal report" + ], + "it": [ + "presentazione esauriente di un dato argomento condotta a scopo principalmente informativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megillah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a long boring tediously detailed account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report", + "study", + "written report" + ], + "it": [ + "rapporto", + "relazione", + "studio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" + ], + "it": [ + "opera scritta che contiene i risultati di una ricerca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confidential information about a topic or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "information in some unspecified form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written report of the results of an analysis of the composition of some substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white book", + "white paper" + ], + "it": [ + "libro bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government report; bound in white" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di documenti pubblicati da una istuzione pubblica o da una associazione per illustrare o denunciare un certo problema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report published by the British government; bound in blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary report of government proposals that is published in order to stimulate discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progress report" + ], + "it": [ + "rendiconto dei lavori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report of work accomplished during a specified time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report that explains or justifies or recommends some particular policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical report" + ], + "it": [ + "referto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report of the results of a medical examination of a patient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report card", + "report" + ], + "it": [ + "pagella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debriefing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "report of a mission or task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anecdote" + ], + "it": [ + "aneddoto", + "raccontino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narration", + "recital", + "yarn" + ], + "it": [ + "narrazione", + "novella", + "racconto", + "storia", + "narrativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrative", + "narration", + "story", + "tale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canterbury Tales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncompleted series of tales written after 1387 by Geoffrey Chaucer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed account or description of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tall tale" + ], + "it": [ + "favola", + "sparata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an improbable (unusual or incredible or fanciful) story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folktale", + "folk tale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tale circulated by word of mouth among the common folk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian Nights' Entertainment", + "Arabian Nights", + "Thousand and One Nights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of folktales in Arabic dating from the 10th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sob story", + "sob stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "storia lacrimosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentimental story (or drama) of personal distress; designed to arouse sympathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairytale", + "fairy tale", + "fairy story" + ], + "it": [ + "fiaba", + "favola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a story about fairies; told to amuse children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursery rhyme" + ], + "it": [ + "filastrocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tale in rhymed verse for children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relation", + "telling", + "recounting" + ], + "it": [ + "narrazione", + "racconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of narration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outpouring of gossip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gossip", + "comment", + "scuttlebutt" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "gazzettino", + "pettegolezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a report (often malicious) about the behavior of other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumor", + "rumour", + "hearsay" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "voce", + "diceria", + "rumore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "notizia che circola, proveniente da una fonte indeterminata e di cui non è possibile verificare l’attendibilità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapevine", + "pipeline", + "word of mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gossip spread by spoken communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandal", + "dirt", + "malicious gossip" + ], + "it": [ + "maldicenza", + "mormorazione", + "mormoreggiamento", + "sussurrio", + "scandalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disgraceful gossip about the private lives of other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk", + "talk of the town" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchiera", + "favola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "idle gossip or rumor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warning" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme", + "avvertenza", + "avvertimento", + "avviso", + "preallarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message informing of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake-up call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning to take action concerning something that was overlooked or neglected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarmism" + ], + "it": [ + "allarmismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needless warnings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alert", + "alerting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning serves to make you more alert to danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emergency Alert System", + "EAS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal warning system that is activated by FEMA; enables the President to take over the United States airwaves to warn the whole country of major catastrophic events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caution", + "caveat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning against certain acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false alarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning that is given about something that fails to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forewarning", + "premonition" + ], + "it": [ + "premonizione", + "presagio", + "presentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early warning about a future event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heads-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategic warning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a warning prior to the start of a threatening act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactical warning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a warning after the initiation of a hostile act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threat" + ], + "it": [ + "minaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning that something unpleasant is imminent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warning of attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning to national policy makers that an enemy intends to launch an attack in the near future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warning of war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning to national policy makers that an enemy intends war or is preparing for war and is on a course that increases the risk of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promise" + ], + "it": [ + "impegno", + "promessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn promise, usually invoking a divine witness, regarding your future acts or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oath of allegiance to an emir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippocratic oath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oath taken by physicians to observe medical ethics deriving from Hippocrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parole", + "word", + "word of honor" + ], + "it": [ + "parola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assurance" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "garantia", + "garanzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement intended to inspire confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean bill of health" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assurance that someone is healthy or something is in good condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assurance", + "pledge" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "caparra", + "garantia", + "garanzia", + "impegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a binding commitment to do or give or refrain from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plight", + "troth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn pledge of fidelity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betrothal", + "troth", + "engagement" + ], + "it": [ + "fidanzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual promise to marry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual promise of a couple not to date anyone else; on college campuses it was once signaled by the giving of a fraternity pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the giving of a ring as a token of engagement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promise that an unaccepted offer will be renewed in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn pledge (to oneself or to another or to a deity) to do something or to behave in a certain manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thanks" + ], + "it": [ + "grazie", + "ringraziamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acknowledgment of appreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of gratitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thank you" + ], + "it": [ + "grazie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conversational expression of gratitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "curtain call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance by actors or performers at the end of the concert or play in order to acknowledge the applause of the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boast", + "boasting", + "self-praise", + "jactitation" + ], + "it": [ + "autoincensamento", + "bravata", + "millanteria", + "vantazione", + "vanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speaking of yourself in superlatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brag", + "bragging", + "crow", + "crowing", + "vaporing", + "line-shooting", + "gasconade" + ], + "it": [ + "fanfaronata", + "gigionata", + "millantamento", + "millanteria", + "smargiassata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of boastful talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braggadocio", + "bluster", + "rodomontade", + "rhodomontade" + ], + "it": [ + "bravacciata", + "bravazzata", + "gradassata", + "guasconata", + "pallonata", + "rodomontata", + "sbraciata", + "sbruffonata", + "sbruffoneria", + "spacconata", + "spacconeria", + "spampanata", + "trombonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vain and empty boasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravagant self-praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-assertion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of putting forth your own opinions in a boastful or inconsiderate manner that implies you feel superior to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the verbal act of naming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrophony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naming a letter of the alphabet by using a word whose initial sound is the sound represented by that letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numeration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naming numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indication", + "denotation" + ], + "it": [ + "indicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of indicating or pointing out by name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naming explicitly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ], + "it": [ + "sfida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a call to engage in a contest or fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dare", + "daring" + ], + "it": [ + "ardire", + "sfida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confrontation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bold challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a challenge to a fight or duel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defiance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hostile challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calling into question", + "demand for explanation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a challenge to defend what someone has said" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand for identification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as by a sentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauntlet", + "gantlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to offer or accept a challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explanation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of explaining; making something plain or intelligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elucidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act of explaining that serves to clear up and cast light on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making clear or removing obscurity from the meaning of a word or symbol or expression etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denunciation", + "denouncement" + ], + "it": [ + "denuncia", + "denunzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public act of denouncing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excoriation" + ], + "it": [ + "aspra critica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "severe censure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulmination", + "diatribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thunderous verbal attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tirade", + "philippic", + "broadside" + ], + "it": [ + "discorsa", + "filippica", + "sproloquio", + "tirata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech of violent denunciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of damning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execration", + "condemnation", + "curse" + ], + "it": [ + "maledizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appeal to some supernatural power to inflict evil on someone or some group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anathema" + ], + "it": [ + "anatema", + "scomunica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal ecclesiastical curse accompanied by excommunication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprecation", + "malediction" + ], + "it": [ + "imprecazione", + "maledizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of calling down a curse that invokes evil (and usually serves as an insult)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accusation", + "accusal" + ], + "it": [ + "accusa", + "addebito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal charge of wrongdoing brought against a person; the act of imputing blame or guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recrimination" + ], + "it": [ + "recriminazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mutual accusations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detailed statement giving facts and figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recitation", + "recital", + "reading" + ], + "it": [ + "dizione", + "recita", + "recitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public instance of reciting or repeating (from memory) something prepared in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "written matter that is recited from memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indictment", + "bill of indictment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder charge", + "murder indictment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indictment charging someone with murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indictment endorsed by a grand jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeachment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arraignment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal document calling someone to court to answer an indictment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a formal accusation against somebody (often in a court of law)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blame game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accusations exchanged among people who refuse to accept sole responsibility for some undesirable event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grievance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an allegation that something imposes an illegal obligation or denies some legal right or causes injustice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodgment", + "lodgement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bringing a charge or accusation against someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(United Kingdom) a written statement of the grounds of complaint made to court of law asking for the grievance to be redressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprecation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slanderous accusation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imputation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statement attributing something dishonest (especially a criminal offense)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger-pointing", + "fingerpointing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imputation of blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indictment" + ], + "it": [ + "atto d'accusa", + "incriminazione", + "incolpamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation of wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "information" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal accusation of a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of making accusations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incrimination", + "inculpation", + "blame" + ], + "it": [ + "accusa", + "addebito", + "imputazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation that brings into intimate and usually incriminating connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unspoken accusation", + "veiled accusation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation that is understood without needing to be spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insinuation", + "innuendo" + ], + "it": [ + "insinuazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indirect (and usually malicious) implication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-incrimination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accusation that incriminates yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "speech" + ], + "it": [ + "allocuzione", + "arringa", + "discorso", + "indirizzo", + "orazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicazione orale formale diretta ad un auditorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allocution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rhetoric) a formal or authoritative address that advises or exhorts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloquium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an address to an academic meeting or seminar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dithyramb" + ], + "it": [ + "ditirambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wildly enthusiastic speech or piece of writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gettysburg Address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a three-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg (November 19, 1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impromptu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extemporaneous speech or remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impromptu" + ], + "it": [ + "impromptu", + "improvviso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short musical passage that seems to have been made spontaneously without advance preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaugural address", + "inaugural" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an address delivered at an inaugural ceremony (especially by a United States president)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keynote" + ], + "it": [ + "tema centrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal theme in a speech or literary work" + ], + "it": [ + "il principale tra i temi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keynote speech", + "keynote address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech setting forth the keynote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture", + "public lecture", + "talk" + ], + "it": [ + "conferenza", + "discorso", + "lettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech that is open to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litany" + ], + "it": [ + "litania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long and tedious address or recital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominating speech", + "nominating address", + "nomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an address (usually at a political convention) proposing the name of a candidate to run for election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oratory" + ], + "it": [ + "oratoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "addressing an audience formally (usually a long and rhetorical address and often pompous)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of oratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowery and highly rhetorical oration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public speaking", + "speechmaking", + "speaking", + "oral presentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delivering an address to a public audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debate", + "disputation", + "public debate" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattimento", + "dibattito", + "discussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declamation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vehement oratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declamation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recitation of a speech from memory with studied gestures and intonation as an exercise in elocution or rhetoric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epideictic oratory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of oratory used to eulogize or condemn a person or group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harangue", + "rant", + "ranting" + ], + "it": [ + "concione", + "orazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud bombastic declamation expressed with strong emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long monotonous harangue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raving" + ], + "it": [ + "delirio", + "farneticamento", + "farneticazione", + "frenesia", + "frenetico", + "vagellamento", + "vaneggiamento", + "vaniloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declaiming wildly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump speech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political oratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salutatory address", + "salutatory oration", + "salutatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening or welcoming statement (especially one delivered at graduation exercises)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valediction", + "valedictory address", + "valedictory oration", + "valedictory" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "discorso di commiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farewell oration (especially one delivered during graduation exercises by an outstanding member of a graduating class)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sermon", + "discourse", + "preaching" + ], + "it": [ + "sermone", + "predica", + "predicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baccalaureate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farewell sermon to a graduating class at their commencement ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kerygma", + "kerugma" + ], + "it": [ + "kerygma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preaching the gospel of Christ in the manner of the early church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sermon on the Mount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first major discourse delivered by Jesus (Matthew 5-7 and Luke 6:20-49)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evangelism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "zealous preaching and advocacy of the gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "televangelism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evangelism at a distance by the use of television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homily", + "preachment" + ], + "it": [ + "omelia", + "omilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sermon on a moral or religious topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persuasion", + "suasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm-twisting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasion by the use of direct personal pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissuasion" + ], + "it": [ + "dissuasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuading not to do or believe something; talking someone out of a belief or an intended course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electioneering", + "bell ringing", + "canvassing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasion of voters in a political campaign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhortation", + "incitement" + ], + "it": [ + "esortazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of exhorting; an earnest attempt at persuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pep talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speech of exhortation attempting to instill enthusiasm and determination in a team or staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proselytism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice of proselytizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloganeering" + ], + "it": [ + "sloganistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasion by means of empty slogans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggestion", + "prompting" + ], + "it": [ + "imbeccata", + "suggerimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuasion formulated as a suggestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expostulation", + "remonstrance", + "remonstration", + "objection" + ], + "it": [ + "difficoltà", + "obbiezione", + "obiezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weapon", + "artillery" + ], + "it": [ + "arma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of persuading or arguing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promotion", + "publicity", + "promotional material", + "packaging" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicità", + "promozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buildup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly favorable publicity and praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject matter that is calculated to excite and please vulgar tastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensational message (in a film or play or novel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public relations", + "PR" + ], + "it": [ + "RP", + "relazioni pubbliche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promotion intended to create goodwill for a person or institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorsement", + "indorsement", + "blurb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promotional statement (as found on the dust jackets of books)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book jacket", + "dust cover", + "dust jacket", + "dust wrapper" + ], + "it": [ + "fodera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paper jacket for a book; a jacket on which promotional information is usually printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballyhoo", + "hoopla", + "hype", + "plug" + ], + "it": [ + "battage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blatant or sensational promotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales talk", + "sales pitch", + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "imbonimento", + "discorso imbonitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promotion by means of an argument and demonstration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ad", + "advertisement", + "advertizement", + "advertising", + "advertizing", + "advert" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "inserzione", + "reclame", + "pubblicità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public promotion of some product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertisement that is written and presented in the style of an editorial or journalistic report" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertisement that is sent by mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper ad", + "newspaper advertisement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printed advertisement that is published in a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classified ad", + "classified advertisement", + "classified" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short ad in a newspaper or magazine (usually in small print) and appearing along with other ads of the same type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales promotion" + ], + "it": [ + "promozione delle vendite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promotion that supplements or coordinates advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "want ad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper advertisement stating what is wanted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial", + "commercial message" + ], + "it": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially sponsored ad on radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infomercial", + "informercial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television commercial presented in the form of a short documentary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circular", + "handbill", + "bill", + "broadside", + "broadsheet", + "flier", + "flyer", + "throwaway" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestino", + "volantino", + "volantino pubblicitario", + "depliant", + "dépliant", + "pieghevole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution" + ], + "it": [ + "foglio stampato che viene distribuito a fini pubblicitari o di propaganda politica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertising circular that is enclosed with other material and (usually) sent by mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advertisement that offers something free in order to arouse customers' interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top billing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advertisement of a star's name at the top of a theatrical poster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white pages" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone directory or section of a directory (usually printed on white paper) where the names of people are listed alphabetically along with their telephone numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow pages" + ], + "it": [ + "pagine gialle", + "Pagine Gialle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a telephone directory or section of a directory (usually printed on yellow paper) where business products and services are listed alphabetically by field along with classified advertising" + ], + "it": [ + "elenco telefonico organizzato per categorie commerciali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abetment", + "abettal", + "instigation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the verbal act of urging on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheering", + "shouting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promotion", + "furtherance", + "advancement" + ], + "it": [ + "promozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encouragement of the progress or growth or acceptance of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fostering", + "fosterage" + ], + "it": [ + "incoraggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encouragement; aiding the development of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goad", + "goading", + "prod", + "prodding", + "urging", + "spur", + "spurring" + ], + "it": [ + "frustata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provocation", + "incitement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needed encouragement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subornation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underhandedly or improperly inducing someone to do something improper or unlawful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subornation of perjury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) inducing someone to make a false oath as part of a judicial proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote of confidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expression of approval and encouragement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discouragement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the expression of opposition and disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disheartenment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication that leaves you disheartened or daunted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissuasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication that dissuades you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determent", + "deterrence", + "intimidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communication that makes you afraid to try something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resignation" + ], + "it": [ + "dimissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of giving up (a claim or office or possession etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdication", + "stepping down" + ], + "it": [ + "abdicazione", + "dimissioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal resignation and renunciation of powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renunciation", + "renouncement" + ], + "it": [ + "rinuncia", + "rinunzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an act (spoken or written) declaring that something is surrendered or disowned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relinquishment", + "relinquishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal act of renouncing a claim or right or position etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giving up", + "yielding", + "surrender" + ], + "it": [ + "cedimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a verbal act of admitting defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prohibition" + ], + "it": [ + "divieto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refusal to approve or assent to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdiction" + ], + "it": [ + "interdizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authoritative prohibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ban", + "banning", + "forbiddance", + "forbidding" + ], + "it": [ + "interdizione", + "proibizione", + "proscrizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official prohibition or edict against something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test ban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ban on the testing of nuclear weapons that is mutually agreed to by countries that possess nuclear weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychic communication", + "psychical communication", + "anomalous communication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communication by paranormal means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telepathy", + "thought transference" + ], + "it": [ + "telepatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparent communication from one mind to another without using sensory perceptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegnosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparent knowledge of distant events without using sensory perceptions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychic phenomena", + "psychic phenomenon", + "parapsychology" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeni paranormali", + "metapsichica", + "paranormale", + "parapsicologia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phenomena that appear to contradict physical laws and suggest the possibility of causation by mental processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clairvoyance", + "second sight", + "extrasensory perception", + "E.S.P.", + "ESP" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaroveggenza", + "percezione extrasensoriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparent power to perceive things that are not present to the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precognition", + "foreknowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "precognizione", + "preconoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowledge of an event before it occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telekinesis", + "psychokinesis" + ], + "it": [ + "telecinesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to move something by thinking about it without the application of physical force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table rapping", + "table tapping", + "spirit rapping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alleged form of communication with spirits of the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table tipping", + "table tilting", + "table turning", + "table lifting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulation of a table during a seance; attributed to spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windsock", + "wind sock", + "sock", + "air sock", + "air-sleeve", + "wind sleeve", + "wind cone", + "drogue" + ], + "it": [ + "manica a vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a truncated cloth cone mounted on a mast; used (e.g., at airports) to show the direction of the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post", + "stake" + ], + "it": [ + "giocata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting post" + ], + "it": [ + "palo di partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a post marking the starting point of a race (especially a horse race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winning post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the post at the end of a racecourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference point", + "point of reference", + "reference" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di riferimento", + "riferimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indicator that orients you generally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference", + "source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been published again; a fresh publication (as of a literary work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benchmark", + "bench mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surveyor's mark on a permanent object of predetermined position and elevation used as a reference point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark showing the boundary of a piece of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merestone", + "meerestone", + "mearstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old term for a landmark that consisted of a pile of stones surmounted by an upright slab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubber's line", + "lubber line", + "lubber's mark", + "lubber's point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed line on a ship's compass indicating its heading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "linguistic rule" + ], + "it": [ + "regola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal", + "linguistic universal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a grammatical rule (or other linguistic feature) that is found in all languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammatical rule", + "rule of grammar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic rule for the syntax of grammatical utterances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rule describing the conversion of one syntactic structure into another related syntactic structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morphological rule", + "rule of morphology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguistic rule for the formation of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard", + "criterion", + "measure", + "touchstone" + ], + "it": [ + "criterio", + "norma", + "pietra di paragone", + "standard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benchmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard by which something can be measured or judged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earned run average", + "ERA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a measure of a pitcher's effectiveness; calculated as the average number of earned runs allowed by the pitcher for every nine innings pitched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade point average", + "GPA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure of a student's academic achievement at a college or university; calculated by dividing the total number of grade points received by the total number attempted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procrustean standard", + "procrustean rule", + "procrustean bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standard that is enforced uniformly without regard to individuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardstick" + ], + "it": [ + "metro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measure or standard used for comparison" + ], + "it": [ + "canone di giudizio, criterio di valutazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference point to shoot at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a target used in archery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a funnel-shaped device towed as a target by an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white stripe in the middle of a road to mark traffic lanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal for attracting attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blinker", + "turn signal", + "turn indicator", + "trafficator" + ], + "it": [ + "freccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blinking light on a motor vehicle that indicates the direction in which the vehicle is about to turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armband" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worn around arm as identification or to indicate mourning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket", + "skyrocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propels bright light high in the sky, or used to propel a lifesaving line or harpoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronic signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal generated by electronic means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blip", + "pip", + "radar target" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "segnale intermittente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radar echo displayed so as to show the position of a reflecting surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radar echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electronic signal that has been reflected back to the radar antenna; contains information about the location and distance of the reflecting object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwanted echoes that interfere with the observation of signals on a radar screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radar beacon", + "racon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a device that, on receiving radar signals, transmits coded signals in response to help navigators determine their position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio beacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic signal emitted by a transmitter used for navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beacon", + "beacon fire" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoco di segnalazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire (usually on a hill or tower) that can be seen from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star shell" + ], + "it": [ + "bengala", + "razzi illuminanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artillery shell containing an illuminant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengal light" + ], + "it": [ + "bengala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady bright blue light; formerly used as a signal but now a firework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Very light", + "Very-light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored flare fired from a Very pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal fire", + "signal light" + ], + "it": [ + "falò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire set as a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input signal", + "input" + ], + "it": [ + "ingresso", + "input" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal going into an electronic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output signal", + "output" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal that comes out of an electronic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printout" + ], + "it": [ + "tabulato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the output of a computer in printed form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readout", + "read-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the output of a computer in readable form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire alarm" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme antincendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shout or bell to warn that fire has broken out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foghorn", + "fogsignal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud low warning signal that can be heard by fogbound ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noise made by the driver of an automobile to give warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flag that serves as a warning signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siren" + ], + "it": [ + "sirena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warning signal that is a loud wailing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tocsin", + "alarm bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of an alarm (usually a bell)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoplight", + "brake light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red light on the rear of a motor vehicle that signals when the brakes are applied to slow or stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoy" + ], + "it": [ + "boa", + "gavitello", + "grippiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright-colored; a float attached by rope to the seabed to mark channels in a harbor or underwater hazards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy that can be heard (at night)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell buoy", + "gong buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy with a bell on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle buoy", + "whistling buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy that makes a whistling noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can", + "can buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy with a round bottom and conical top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conical buoy", + "nun", + "nun buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy resembling a cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buoy resembling a vertical log" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barber's pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "striped pole outside a barbershop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rod carried as a symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosier", + "crozier" + ], + "it": [ + "pastorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a staff surmounted by a crook or cross carried by bishops as a symbol of pastoral office" + ], + "it": [ + "lungo bastone ricurvo in alto simbolo dell'autorità del vescovo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mace" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial staff carried as a symbol of office or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scepter", + "sceptre", + "verge", + "wand" + ], + "it": [ + "scettro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial or emblematic staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bauble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mock scepter carried by a court jester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipstaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "staff with a metal tip carried as a sign of office by e.g. a bailiff or constable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordon" + ], + "it": [ + "cordone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cord or ribbon worn as an insignia of honor or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stylized bird wings worn as an insignia by qualified pilots or air crew members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cintura nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black sash worn to show expert standards in the martial arts (judo or karate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue ribbon", + "cordon bleu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honor or award gained for excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round flat badge displaying information and suitable for pinning onto a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual award by the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievements in television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nobel prize" + ], + "it": [ + "Nobel", + "premio Nobel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual award for outstanding contributions to chemistry or physics or physiology and medicine or literature or economics or peace" + ], + "it": [ + "premio assegnato annualmente a persone che si sono distinte in diversi campi del sapere o delle attività umane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Academy Award", + "Oscar" + ], + "it": [ + "oscar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievements in motion picture production and performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prix de Rome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual prize awarded by the French government in a competition of painters and artists and sculptors and musicians and architects; the winner in each category receives support for a period of study in Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prix Goncourt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an award given annually for contributions to French literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chevron", + "stripe", + "stripes", + "grade insignia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripe" + ], + "it": [ + "filetto", + "gallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of braid, usually on the sleeve, indicating military rank or length of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icon" + ], + "it": [ + "icona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a graphic symbol (usually a simple picture) that denotes a program or a command or a data file or a concept in a graphical user interface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marker", + "marking", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "contrassegno", + "marca", + "marchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmark" + ], + "it": [ + "bollo postale", + "timbro postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cancellation mark stamped on mail by postal officials; indicates the post office and date of mailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watermark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguishing mark impressed on paper during manufacture; visible when paper is held up to the light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad arrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrowhead mark identifying British government property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milestone", + "milepost" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra miliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stone post at side of a road to show distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol (like x or y) that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a variable quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placeholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a symbol in a logical or mathematical expression that can be replaced by the name of any member of specified set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unknown", + "unknown quantity" + ], + "it": [ + "incognita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variable whose values are solutions of an equation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg", + "pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small markers inserted into a surface to mark scores or define locations etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot", + "pip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mark on a die or on a playing card (shape depending on the suit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logo", + "logotype" + ], + "it": [ + "logo", + "logotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company emblem or device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ], + "it": [ + "etichetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an identifying or descriptive marker that is attached to an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookplate", + "ex libris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a label identifying the owner of a book in which it is pasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gummed label", + "sticker", + "paster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adhesive label" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "metal plate on a dog collar bearing its registration number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military identification tag worn on a chain around the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name tag" + ], + "it": [ + "medaglietta", + "targhetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tag showing the name of the person who wears it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price tag" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellino del prezzo", + "segnaprezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tag showing the price of the article it is attached to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag", + "ticket" + ], + "it": [ + "cartellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a label written or printed on paper, cardboard, or plastic that is attached to something to indicate its owner, nature, price, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a label associated with something for the purpose of identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "title bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a horizontal label at the top of a window, bearing the name of the currently active document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cairn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound of stones piled up as a memorial or to mark a boundary or path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrug" + ], + "it": [ + "alzata di spalle", + "spallucciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gesture involving the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave", + "waving", + "wafture" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of signaling by a movement of the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign (for victory); making a V with the index and middle fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ], + "it": [ + "cenno del capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign of assent or salutation or command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "bowing", + "obeisance" + ], + "it": [ + "inchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign of the cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gesture with the right hand moving to form a cross; used by Catholics as a profession of faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtsy", + "curtsey" + ], + "it": [ + "reverenza", + "riverenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bending the knees; a gesture of respect made by women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genuflection", + "genuflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "genuflessione", + "inginocchiamento", + "inginocchiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of bending the knees in worship or reverence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kowtow", + "kotow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead as a sign of respect or submission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape", + "scraping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep bow with the foot drawn backwards (indicating excessive humility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salaam" + ], + "it": [ + "salamelecco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep bow; a Muslim form of salutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a special rule (as in baseball) dealing with situations that arise due to the nature of the playing grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system command" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer user's instruction (not part of a program) that calls for action by the computer's executive program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking papers", + "marching orders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(informal) a notice of dismissal or discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanted notice", + "wanted poster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public announcement by a law enforcement agency that they desire to question or arrest some person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Wanted Notice", + "Red Notice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Interpol notice describing a wanted person and asking that he or she be arrested with a view to extradition; a wanted notice that is issued by Interpol at the request of an Interpol member country and distributed to all member countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagiarism" + ], + "it": [ + "plagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented as being your own work" + ], + "it": [ + "opera frutto di un'azione di plagio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcript" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been transcribed; a written record (usually typewritten) of dictated or recorded speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something suggestive of speech in being a medium of expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Bach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beethoven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Beethoven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Brahms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chopin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Chopin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert and Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Gilbert and Sullivan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Handel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Handel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haydn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Haydn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Mozart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stravinsky" + ], + "it": [ + "Stravinsky", + "Igor Stravinsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Stravinsky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the music of Wagner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of linguistic units or elements used in a particular language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "touch" + ], + "it": [ + "contatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communicative interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of activity over a communication system during a given period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request for something to be made, supplied, or served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order for food that can be prepared quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall", + "callback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a request by the manufacturer of a defective product to return the product (as for replacement or repair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uplink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission from Earth to a spacecraft or the path of such a transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capriccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumental composition that doesn't adhere to rules for any specific musical form and is played with improvisation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrogation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission that will trigger an answering transmission from a transponder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unaccompanied choral composition with sacred lyrics; intended to be sung as part of a church service; originated in the 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative statement; a statement that is a refusal or denial of some other statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a message or message fragment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program music", + "programme music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musical compositions intended to evoke images or remind the listener of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incidental music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music composed to accompany the action of a drama or to fill intervals between scenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slanguage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "language characterized by excessive use of slang or cant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ta'ziyeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a form of Iranian musical pageant that is the theatrical expression of religious passion; based on the Battle of Kerbala and performed annually (in Farsi)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprechgesang", + "sprechstimme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of dramatic vocalization between singing and speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocal music", + "vocal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "music intended to be performed by one or more singers, usually with instrumental accompaniment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the voice on an unseen commentator in a film of television program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thorough explanation (usually accompanied by a demonstration) of each step in a procedure or process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yearbook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book published annually by the graduating class of a high school or college usually containing photographs of faculty and graduating students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a striking or amusing or caustic remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Das Kapital", + "Capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book written by Karl Marx (1867) describing his economic theories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erewhon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a satirical novel written by Samuel Butler (1872) describing a fictitious land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utopia" + ], + "it": [ + "Utopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book written by Sir Thomas More (1516) describing the perfect society on an imaginary island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "might-have-been" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that could have occurred but never did" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonevent" + ], + "it": [ + "non evento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anticipated event that turns out to be far less significant than was expected" + ], + "it": [ + "La recente vittoria di Lula da Silva era già stata metabolizzata da tempo dal mercato e alla fine si è rivelata un \"non evento\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happening", + "occurrence", + "occurrent", + "natural event" + ], + "it": [ + "accadimento", + "accaduto", + "avvenimento", + "fatto", + "occorrimento", + "episodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that happens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accompaniment", + "concomitant", + "attendant", + "co-occurrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avalanche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden appearance of an overwhelming number of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively unimportant or inconspicuous accompanying situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experience" + ], + "it": [ + "esperienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event as apprehended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appalling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experience that appalls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augury", + "sign", + "foretoken", + "preindication" + ], + "it": [ + "accenno", + "annuncio", + "annunzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that is experienced as indicating important things to come" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ominous sign that war threatens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omen", + "portent", + "presage", + "prognostic", + "prognostication", + "prodigy" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "augurio", + "auspicio", + "presagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sign of something about to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auspice" + ], + "it": [ + "auspicio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorable omen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreboding" + ], + "it": [ + "mal augurio", + "malaugurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfavorable omen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death knell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an omen of death or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash", + "flashing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short vivid experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good time", + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly pleasurable or exciting experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of losing a loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "near-death experience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the experience of being close to death but surviving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordeal" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "esperienza traumatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe or trying experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out-of-body experience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dissociative experience of observing yourself from an external perspective as though your mind or soul had left and was observing your body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief experience of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's experience on a particular occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip", + "head trip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exciting or stimulating experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vision" + ], + "it": [ + "visione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious or mystical experience of a supernatural appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social event" + ], + "it": [ + "evento sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event characteristic of persons forming groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miracle" + ], + "it": [ + "miracolo", + "prodigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marvellous event manifesting a supernatural act of a divine agent" + ], + "it": [ + "evento che si verifica in contrasto con le leggi naturali per intervento di una entitità soprannaturale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble" + ], + "it": [ + "briga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event causing distress or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence that causes special pleasure or delight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miracle" + ], + "it": [ + "miracolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any amazing or wonderful occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder", + "marvel" + ], + "it": [ + "meraviglia", + "meraviglioso", + "portento", + "prodigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes feelings of wonder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i74999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ], + "it": [ + "cosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event" + ], + "it": [ + "quello che accade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episode" + ], + "it": [ + "episodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a happening that is distinctive in a series of related events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something experienced with great delight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drama", + "dramatic event" + ], + "it": [ + "dramma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an episode that is turbulent or highly emotional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night terror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotional episode (usually in young children) in which the person awakens in terror with feelings of anxiety and fear but is unable to remember any incident that might have provoked those feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eventuality", + "contingency", + "contingence" + ], + "it": [ + "evenienza", + "eventualità", + "imprevisto", + "occorrenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a possible event or occurrence or result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beginning" + ], + "it": [ + "albori", + "apertura", + "avvio", + "inizio", + "nascita", + "primordi", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event consisting of the start of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casus belli" + ], + "it": [ + "casus belli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event used to justify starting a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ending", + "conclusion", + "finish" + ], + "it": [ + "fine", + "chiusura", + "conclusione", + "finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "event whose occurrence ends something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "last", + "final stage" + ], + "it": [ + "chiusa", + "conclusione", + "declinare", + "finale", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the concluding parts of an event or occurrence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endgame", + "end game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final stages of a chess game after most of the pieces have been removed from the board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endgame", + "end game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final stages of an extended process of negotiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of an enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the end of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "result", + "resultant", + "final result", + "outcome", + "termination" + ], + "it": [ + "conclusione", + "esito", + "portato", + "resultato", + "risultato", + "conseguenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denouement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outcome of a complex sequence of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "trattamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair deal", + "square deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fair treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfair treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outcome of a game or contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split decision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxing decision in which the judges are not unanimous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consequence", + "aftermath" + ], + "it": [ + "conseguenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outcome of an event especially as relative to an individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corollary" + ], + "it": [ + "corollario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practical consequence that follows naturally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deserts", + "comeuppance", + "comeupance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outcome (good or bad) that is well deserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto", + "prodotto", + "resultato", + "risultato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consequence of some effort or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of consequences wrought by an event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetic justice", + "just deserts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outcome in which virtue triumphs over vice (often ironically)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offspring", + "materialization", + "materialisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that comes into existence as a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the termination of employment (by resignation or dismissal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequel", + "subsequence" + ], + "it": [ + "seguito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that follows something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wages", + "reward", + "payoff" + ], + "it": [ + "compenso", + "premio", + "ricompensa", + "risarcimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foregone conclusion", + "matter of course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inevitable ending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the least favorable outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a happening that occurs only once and is not repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic event", + "recurrent event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that recurs at intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change", + "alteration", + "modification" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione", + "cambiamento", + "mutamento", + "mutazione", + "rivolgimento", + "variazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt change in the course of a stream that forms the boundary between two parcels of land resulting in the loss of part of the land of one landowner and a consequent increase in the land of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change or alteration in form or qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublimation" + ], + "it": [ + "sublimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) modifying the natural expression of an impulse or instinct (especially a sexual one) to one that is socially acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise" + ], + "it": [ + "sorpresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden unexpected event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombshell", + "thunderbolt", + "thunderclap" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shocking surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coup de theatre" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dramatic surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye opener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something surprising and revealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peripeteia", + "peripetia", + "peripety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and unexpected change of fortune or reverse of circumstances (especially in a literary work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock", + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "botta", + "colpo", + "pugnalata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant or disappointing surprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden minor shock or meaningless interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stunner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected and amazing event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "error", + "computer error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the occurrence of an incorrect result produced by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardware error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "error resulting from a malfunction of some physical component of the computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "error resulting from malfunction of a magnetic disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "software error", + "programming error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "error resulting from bad code in some program involved in producing the erroneous result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semantic error", + "run-time error", + "runtime error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an error in logic or arithmetic that must be detected at run time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an error of language resulting from code that does not conform to the syntax of the programming language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algorithm error" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "error resulting from the choice of the wrong algorithm or method for achieving the intended result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accident", + "stroke", + "fortuity", + "chance event" + ], + "it": [ + "accidentalità", + "accidente", + "caso", + "casualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that happens suddenly or by chance without an apparent cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accident" + ], + "it": [ + "accidente", + "disgrazia", + "incidente", + "infortunio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate mishap; especially one causing damage or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collision" + ], + "it": [ + "collisione", + "scontro", + "tamponamento", + "urto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "near miss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accidental collision that is narrowly avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "wreck" + ], + "it": [ + "disastro", + "incidente", + "sciagura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious accident (usually involving one or more vehicles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crash involving a car or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derailment" + ], + "it": [ + "deragliamento", + "sviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accident in which a train runs off its track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp uncontrollable turn made by an airplane while moving along the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collision", + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a brief event in which two or more bodies come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ], + "it": [ + "incendio", + "rogo", + "fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of something burning (often destructive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire that is set intentionally in order to slow an approaching forest fire or grassfire by clearing a burned area in its path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonfire", + "balefire" + ], + "it": [ + "falò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large outdoor fire that is lighted as a signal or in celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncontrolled fire that consumes brush and shrubs and bushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small outdoor fire for warmth or cooking (as at a camp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflagration", + "inferno" + ], + "it": [ + "conflagrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very intense and uncontrolled fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncontrolled fire in a wooded area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grassfire", + "prairie fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncontrolled fire in a grassy area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoulder", + "smolder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire that burns with thick smoke but no flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smoky fire to drive away insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest fire that advances with great speed jumping from crown to crown ahead of the ground fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest fire that burns the humus; may not appear on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest fire that burns only the surface litter and undergrowth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raging and rapidly spreading conflagration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfortune", + "bad luck" + ], + "it": [ + "avversità", + "contrarietà", + "disdetta", + "fatalità", + "guaio", + "malanno", + "sfortuna", + "sventura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pity", + "shame" + ], + "it": [ + "peccato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affliction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cause of great suffering and distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical disturbance such as an earthquake or upheaval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embarrassment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some event that causes someone to be embarrassed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disembarrassment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that extricates you from embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hell", + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cause of difficulty and suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calvary", + "martyrdom" + ], + "it": [ + "Calvario", + "calvario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any experience that causes intense suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onslaught" + ], + "it": [ + "assalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and severe onset of trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandal", + "outrage" + ], + "it": [ + "scandalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disgraceful event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeleton", + "skeleton in the closet", + "skeleton in the cupboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scandal that is kept secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teapot Dome", + "Teapot Dome scandal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921; became symbolic of the scandals of the Harding administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watergate", + "Watergate scandal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political scandal involving abuse of power and bribery and obstruction of justice; led to the resignation of Richard Nixon in 1974" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of related events forming an episode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an episode of such pastoral or romantic charm as to qualify as the subject of a poetic idyll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incident" + ], + "it": [ + "caso", + "avvenimento", + "episodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single distinct event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause celebre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incident that attracts great public attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge" + ], + "it": [ + "scarica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden giving off of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge of electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve impulse", + "nervous impulse", + "neural impulse", + "impulse" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electrical discharge that travels along a nerve fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action potential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the local voltage change across the cell wall as a nerve impulse is transmitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transient variation in voltage or current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion", + "detonation", + "blowup" + ], + "it": [ + "detonazione", + "esplosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent release of energy caused by a chemical or nuclear reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case", + "instance", + "example" + ], + "it": [ + "caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humiliation", + "mortification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance in which you are caused to lose your prestige or self-respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece", + "bit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of some kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time", + "clip" + ], + "it": [ + "volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance or single occasion for some event" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo, occasione, in cui si verifica o si è verificato un evento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movement", + "motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural event that involves a change in the position or location of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crustal movement", + "tectonic movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement resulting from or causing deformation of the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "approaching" + ], + "it": [ + "accostamento", + "avvicinamento", + "raccostamento", + "ravvicinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of one object coming closer to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing", + "passage" + ], + "it": [ + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motion of one object relative to another" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento di un corpo celeste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflection", + "deflexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement of the pointer or pen of a measuring instrument from its zero position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bending", + "bend" + ], + "it": [ + "circonflessione", + "deviazione", + "incurvatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement that causes the formation of a curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change of location", + "travel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement through space that changes the location of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fender-bender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collision between motor vehicles that produces minor damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the rising of a star above the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ascension", + "Ascension of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the rising of the body of Jesus into heaven on the 40th day after his Resurrection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Resurrection", + "Christ's Resurrection", + "Resurrection of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the rising of Christ on the third day after the Crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ], + "it": [ + "circolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free movement or passage (as of cytoplasm within a cell or sap through a plant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow longitudinal movement or deformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migration" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the periodic passage of groups of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the nonrandom movement of an atom or radical from one place to another within a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrinking", + "shrinkage" + ], + "it": [ + "calo", + "retrazione", + "ritrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process or result of becoming less or smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compression", + "condensation", + "contraction" + ], + "it": [ + "compressione", + "pressione", + "stringimento", + "stringitura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process or result of becoming smaller or pressed together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constriction", + "coarctation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tight or narrow compression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injury", + "accidental injury" + ], + "it": [ + "lesione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accident that results in physical damage or hurt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupture", + "breach", + "break", + "severance", + "rift", + "falling out" + ], + "it": [ + "frattura", + "rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formal separation of a church into two churches or the withdrawal of one group over doctrinal differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accidental happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mishap", + "misadventure", + "mischance" + ], + "it": [ + "accidente", + "disavventura", + "disgrazia", + "malanno", + "peripezia", + "sventura", + "traversia", + "vicissitudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "bucatura", + "foratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of air pressure in a tire when a hole is made by some sharp object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamity", + "catastrophe", + "disaster", + "tragedy", + "cataclysm" + ], + "it": [ + "calamità", + "carneficina", + "cataclisma", + "catastrofe", + "disastro", + "dramma", + "massacro", + "sciagura", + "tragedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event resulting in great loss and misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act of God", + "force majeure", + "vis major", + "inevitable accident", + "unavoidable casualty" + ], + "it": [ + "calamità naturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural and unavoidable catastrophe that interrupts the expected course of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apocalypse" + ], + "it": [ + "apocalisse", + "apocalissi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosmic cataclysm in which God destroys the ruling powers of evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "famine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the Irish Famine", + "the Great Hunger", + "the Great Starvation", + "the Great Calamity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famine in Ireland resulting from a potato blight; between 1846 and 1851 a million people starved to death and 1.6 million emigrated (most to America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss of death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is ruinous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meltdown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disaster comparable to a nuclear meltdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large scale calamity (especially when thought to be sent by God)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any disaster or catastrophe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "good luck", + "happy chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected piece of good luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coincidence", + "happenstance" + ], + "it": [ + "coincidenza", + "combinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that might have been arranged although it was really accidental" + ], + "it": [ + "evento accidentale, imprevisto, circostanza fortuita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lottery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is regarded as a chance event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pileup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multiple collisions of vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash", + "smash-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious collision (especially of motor vehicles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "trip" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accidental misstep threatening (or causing) a fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure" + ], + "it": [ + "fallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that does not accomplish its intended purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downfall", + "ruin", + "ruination" + ], + "it": [ + "caduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure that results in a loss of position or reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete or conspicuous failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malfunction" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cattivo funzionamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to function normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden malfunction of a part or apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malfunction in the flight of an aircraft in which there is a sudden loss of lift that results in a downward plunge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "success" + ], + "it": [ + "esito", + "successo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that accomplishes its intended purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnburner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impressively successful event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godspeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a successful journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscarriage", + "abortion" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "failure of a plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss", + "misfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a failure to hit (or meet or find etc)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergence", + "egress", + "issue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the becoming visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emergence of a tooth as it breaks through the gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth", + "nativity", + "nascency", + "nascence" + ], + "it": [ + "nascita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of being born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delivery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of giving birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the birth of a living fetus (regardless of the length of gestation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blessed event", + "happy event" + ], + "it": [ + "lieto evento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the live birth of a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthumous birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth of a child by Caesarean section after the death of the mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posthumous birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth of a child after the father has died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnation", + "rebirth", + "renascence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second or new birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmigration" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmigrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passing of a soul into another body after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle of rebirth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) repeated rebirth in new forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moksa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) release from the cycle of rebirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appearance" + ], + "it": [ + "apparenza", + "apparizione", + "comparsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of coming into sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reappearance" + ], + "it": [ + "riapparizione", + "ricomparsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of something appearing again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egress", + "emersion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the reappearance of a celestial body after an eclipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingress", + "immersion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the disappearance of a celestial body prior to an eclipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Coming", + "Second Coming of Christ", + "Second Advent", + "Advent", + "Parousia" + ], + "it": [ + "avvento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christian theology) the reappearance of Jesus as judge for the Last Judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "makeup", + "make-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that is substituted for a previously cancelled event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialization", + "materialisation", + "manifestation" + ], + "it": [ + "materializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appearance in bodily form (as of a disembodied spirit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifestation" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparition" + ], + "it": [ + "apparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of a ghostlike figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiphany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a divine manifestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theophany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible (but not necessarily material) manifestation of a deity to a human person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Word of God" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manifestation of the mind and will of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "origin", + "origination", + "inception" + ], + "it": [ + "genesi", + "origine", + "radice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the origin of some development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genesis", + "generation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coming into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming part of a venture at the beginning (regarded as position of advantage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergence", + "outgrowth", + "growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual beginning or coming forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a growth in strength or number or importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crime wave" + ], + "it": [ + "ondata di criminalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden rise in the crime rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "cominciare", + "inizio", + "nascere", + "origine", + "principio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beginning of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adrenarche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the increase in activity of the adrenal glands just before puberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menarche" + ], + "it": [ + "menarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first occurrence of menstruation in a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thelarche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the start of breast development in a woman at the beginning of puberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onset", + "oncoming" + ], + "it": [ + "insorgenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beginning or early stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawn", + "morning" + ], + "it": [ + "alba", + "albore", + "albori", + "origini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest period" + ], + "it": [ + "il primo periodo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying start", + "running start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick and auspicious beginning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first event in a series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause" + ], + "it": [ + "causa", + "causale", + "movente", + "origine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antecedent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preceding occurrence or cause or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preliminary", + "overture", + "prelude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emanation", + "rise", + "procession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiology", + "aetiology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cause of a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento", + "fattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that contributes causally to a result" + ], + "it": [ + "ciò che determina un effetto, un risultato o concorre a definire una situazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any factor that could be considered important to the understanding of a particular business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parameter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any factor that defines a system and determines (or limits) its performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unknown quantity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a factor in a given situation whose bearing and importance is not apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpredictable factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "producer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that produces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creation", + "conception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event that occurred at the beginning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha" + ], + "it": [ + "alfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beginning of a series or sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening", + "opening night", + "curtain raising" + ], + "it": [ + "debutto", + "première", + "prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first performance (as of a theatrical production)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kickoff", + "send-off", + "start-off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a start given to contestants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racing start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the start of a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying start", + "running start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing start in which the contestants are already in full motion when they pass the starting line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destiny", + "fate" + ], + "it": [ + "destino", + "fatalità", + "sorte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inevitable" + ], + "it": [ + "inevitabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unavoidable event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "karma" + ], + "it": [ + "karma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kismet", + "kismat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) the will of Allah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "previous determination as if by destiny or fate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annihilation", + "disintegration" + ], + "it": [ + "annientamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "total destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eradication", + "obliteration" + ], + "it": [ + "estirpamento", + "sradicamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complete destruction of every trace of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debilitation", + "enervation", + "enfeeblement", + "exhaustion" + ], + "it": [ + "debilitazione", + "illanguidimento", + "sfinitezza", + "snervamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serious weakening and loss of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation", + "breakup", + "detachment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coming apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spread of social institutions (and myths and skills) from one society to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispersion", + "scattering" + ], + "it": [ + "dispersione", + "sparpagliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spreading widely or driving off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diaspora" + ], + "it": [ + "diaspora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel; from the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem in 587-86 BC when they were exiled to Babylonia up to the present time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissipation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breaking up and scattering by dispersion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the spread of sensory neural impulses in the cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinction", + "extermination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete annihilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crucifixion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the death of Jesus by crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatality", + "human death" + ], + "it": [ + "incidente mortale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a death resulting from an accident or a disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the downfall of someone (as of persons on one side of a conflict)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martyrdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "death that is imposed because of the person's adherence of a religious faith or cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megadeath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the death of a million people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passing", + "loss", + "departure", + "exit", + "expiration", + "going", + "release" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "euphemistic expressions for death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrongful death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a death that results from a wrongful act or from negligence; a death that can serve as the basis for a civil action for damages on behalf of the dead person's family or heirs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doom", + "doomsday", + "day of reckoning", + "end of the world" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant or disastrous destiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destruction", + "demolition", + "wipeout" + ], + "it": [ + "demolizione", + "devastazione", + "distruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event (or the result of an event) that completely destroys something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravage", + "depredation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a destructive action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razing", + "wrecking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of a structure being completely demolished and leveled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin", + "ruination" + ], + "it": [ + "distruzione", + "rovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that results in destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devastation", + "desolation" + ], + "it": [ + "desolazione", + "devastazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that results in total destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrack", + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the destruction or collapse of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappearance" + ], + "it": [ + "scomparsa", + "sparizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of passing out of sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evanescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of fading and gradually vanishing from sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanishing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden or mysterious disappearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receding", + "fadeout" + ], + "it": [ + "dissolvenza in chiusura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow or gradual disappearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappearance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ceasing to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adversity" + ], + "it": [ + "avversità", + "contrarietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke of ill fortune; a calamitous event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes or entails suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected and inexplicable change in something (in a situation or a person's behavior, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation", + "fluctuation" + ], + "it": [ + "fluttuazione", + "variazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicissitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allomerism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) variability in chemical composition without variation in crystalline form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engagement", + "mesh", + "meshing", + "interlocking" + ], + "it": [ + "ingranamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact by fitting together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light sharp contact (usually with something flexible)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impact" + ], + "it": [ + "impatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the striking of one body against another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow", + "bump" + ], + "it": [ + "botta", + "colpo", + "cozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impact (as from a collision)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forceful impact that makes a loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jolt", + "jar", + "jounce", + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden jarring impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "impinging", + "striking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical coming together of two or more things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage", + "equipment casualty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of military equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle damage", + "combat casualty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of military equipment in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operational damage", + "operational casualty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of military equipment in field operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casualty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease of military personnel or equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wound", + "injury", + "combat injury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a casualty to military personnel resulting from combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blighty wound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wound that would cause an English soldier to be sent home from service abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flesh wound" + ], + "it": [ + "ferita superficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wound that does not damage important internal organs or shatter any bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personnel casualty", + "loss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military personnel lost by death or capture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personnel that are sacrificed (e.g., surrendered or lost in order to gain an objective)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle", + "oscillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiac cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complete cycle of events in the heart from the beginning of one heart beat to the beginning of the next; an electrical impulse conducted through the heart muscle that constricts the atria which is followed by constriction of the ventricles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnot cycle", + "Carnot's ideal cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cycle (of expansion and compression) of an idealized reversible heat engine that does work without loss of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one complete cycle of operations (as by a computer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeat", + "repetition" + ], + "it": [ + "replica", + "ripetizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that repeats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several repetitions of a melodic phrase in different keys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodically repeated sequence of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merry-go-round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a never-ending cycle of activities and events (especially when they seem to have little purpose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samsara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism and Buddhism) the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replay", + "rematch" + ], + "it": [ + "replay", + "partita ripetuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (especially a game) that is played again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recurrence", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "ricorrenza", + "ricorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happening again (especially at regular intervals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atavism", + "reversion", + "throwback" + ], + "it": [ + "atavismo", + "reversione", + "riversione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reappearance of an earlier characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected but vivid recurrence of a past experience (especially a recurrence of the effects of an hallucinogenic drug taken much earlier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunrise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the daily event of the sun rising above the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunset" + ], + "it": [ + "tramonto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the daily event of the sun sinking below the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground swell", + "heavy swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad and deep undulation of the ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surf", + "breaker", + "breakers" + ], + "it": [ + "frangente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waves breaking on the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake", + "backwash" + ], + "it": [ + "scia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wave that spreads behind a boat as it moves forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swash" + ], + "it": [ + "sciacquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement or sound of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripple", + "rippling", + "riffle", + "wavelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wave on the surface of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravity wave", + "gravitation wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a wave that is hypothesized to propagate gravity and to travel at the speed of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sine wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave whose waveform resembles a sine curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillation", + "vibration" + ], + "it": [ + "vibrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a regular periodic variation in value about a mean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) an oscillation of small amplitude imposed on top of a steady value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave", + "undulation" + ], + "it": [ + "onda", + "ondulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a movement up and down or back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small irregular movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluctuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seiche" + ], + "it": [ + "sessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave on the surface of a lake or landlocked bay; caused by atmospheric or seismic disturbances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soliton", + "soliton wave", + "solitary wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a quantum of energy or quasiparticle that can be propagated as a traveling wave in nonlinear systems and is neither preceded nor followed by another such disturbance; does not obey the superposition principle and does not dissipate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing wave", + "stationary wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave (as a sound wave in a chamber or an electromagnetic wave in a transmission line) in which the ratio of its instantaneous amplitude at one point to that at any other point does not vary with time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveling wave", + "travelling wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave in which the medium moves in the direction of propagation of the wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound wave", + "acoustic wave" + ], + "it": [ + "onda sonora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(acoustics) a wave that transmits sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound wave that is transmitted via air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a short-lived oscillation in a system caused by a sudden change of voltage or current or load" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave form", + "waveform", + "wave shape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shape of a wave illustrated graphically by plotting the values of the period quantity against time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock wave", + "blast wave" + ], + "it": [ + "onda d' urto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of high pressure travelling through a gas at a high velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonic boom" + ], + "it": [ + "bang sonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosive sound caused by the shock wave of an airplane traveling faster than the speed of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell", + "crestless wave" + ], + "it": [ + "mare lungo", + "mareggio", + "ondosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the undulating movement of the surface of the open sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift", + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billow", + "surge" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallone", + "maroso", + "ondata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sea wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave resulting from the periodic flow of the tides that is caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusual (and often destructive) rise of water along the seashore caused by a storm or a combination of wind and high tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming manifestation of some emotion or phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsunami" + ], + "it": [ + "tsunami", + "onda anomala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cataclysm resulting from a destructive sea wave caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller", + "roll", + "rolling wave" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long heavy sea wave as it advances towards the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic motion", + "periodic movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion that recurs over and over and the period of time required for each recurrence remains the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonic motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodic motion in which the displacement is either symmetrical about a point or is the sum of such motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a horizontal dislocation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recoil", + "repercussion", + "rebound", + "backlash" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccolpo", + "rimbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement back from an impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce", + "bouncing" + ], + "it": [ + "balzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rebounding from an impact (or series of impacts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resilience", + "resiliency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of rebounding or springing back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recoil", + "kick" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccolpo", + "rinculo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the backward jerk of a gun when it is fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement of a read/write head to a specific data track on a disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze", + "wring" + ], + "it": [ + "strizzata", + "strizzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twisting squeeze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw", + "stroke", + "cam stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum movement available to a pivoted or reciprocating piece by a cam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stroke of an engine piston moving away from the crankshaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outstroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stroke of an engine piston moving toward the crankshaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turning", + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "girata", + "svolta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in a new direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist", + "wrench" + ], + "it": [ + "distorsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jerky pulling movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wavelike motion; a gentle rising and falling in the manner of waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave", + "moving ridge" + ], + "it": [ + "flutto", + "onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long curling sea wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitecap", + "white horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cresta dell'onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave that is blown by the wind so its crest is broken and appears white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that rises rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck", + "wreck" + ], + "it": [ + "naufragio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accident that destroys a ship at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsizing" + ], + "it": [ + "capovolgimento", + "rovesciamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the event of a boat accidentally turning over in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designated event that concludes a contest (especially a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "standoff", + "tie" + ], + "it": [ + "patta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finish of a contest in which the score is tied and the winner is undecided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tie in a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalemate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drawing position in chess: any of a player's possible moves would place his king in check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photo finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in general, any very close finish; in particular, a finish of a race in which the contestants are so close together that the winner must be determined from a photograph taken at the instant of finishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-place finish", + "runner-up finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finish in second place (as in a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third-place finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finish in third place (as in a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "win" + ], + "it": [ + "vittoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victory (as in a race or other competition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-place finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finish in first place (as in a race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omega", + "Z" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ending of a series or sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change of religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christianization", + "Christianisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion to Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death", + "decease", + "expiry" + ], + "it": [ + "decesso", + "morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of dying or departure from life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "lessening", + "drop-off" + ], + "it": [ + "calo", + "diminuzione", + "flessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slow fall or decline (as for lack of strength)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destabilization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that causes a loss of equilibrium (as of a ship or aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change resulting in an increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attrition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wearing down to weaken or destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easing", + "moderation", + "relief" + ], + "it": [ + "alleviamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change for the better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breath of fresh air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a welcome relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvement", + "betterment", + "advance" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzamento", + "miglioramento", + "schiarita", + "progresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change for the better; progress in development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinement", + "elaboration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of improving something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assumption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alteration in the shape or dimensions of an object as a result of the application of stress to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transfiguration", + "Transfiguration of Jesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the sudden emanation of radiance from the person of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transition" + ], + "it": [ + "transizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change from one place or state or subject or stage to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obvious change of public opinion or political sentiment that occurs without leadership or overt expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap", + "jump", + "saltation" + ], + "it": [ + "balzo", + "salto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abrupt transition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum leap", + "quantum jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden large increase or advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantum jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an abrupt transition of an electron or atom or molecule from one quantum state to another with the emission or absorption of a quantum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transformation", + "transmutation", + "shift" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmutazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a qualitative change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in the relative numbers of the different groups of individuals making up a population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrolysis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transformation of a substance produced by the action of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a profound transformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublimation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin pest", + "tin disease", + "tin plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transformation of ordinary white tin into powdery grey tin at very cold temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infection", + "contagion", + "transmission" + ], + "it": [ + "ammorbamento", + "contagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incident (real or imaginary)" + ], + "it": [ + "evento a cui si assiste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideshow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate incident of little importance relative to the main event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse" + ], + "it": [ + "franamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural event caused by something suddenly falling down or caving in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cave in", + "subsidence" + ], + "it": [ + "avvallamento", + "avvallatura", + "bassura", + "cedimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden collapse of something into a hollow beneath it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killing", + "violent death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that causes someone to die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatal accident", + "casualty" + ], + "it": [ + "incidente mortale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accident that causes someone to die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collateral damage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(euphemism) inadvertent casualties and destruction inflicted on civilians in the course of military operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cessation", + "surcease" + ], + "it": [ + "cessazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settling", + "subsiding", + "subsidence" + ], + "it": [ + "affossamento", + "cedimento", + "sprofondamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual sinking to a lower level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "caduta", + "dislivello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a free and rapid descent by the force of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ideal falling motion of something subject only to a gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement downward resulting from gravitational attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement upward in virtue of lightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descent of the uterus into the pelvic cavity that occurs late in pregnancy; the fetus is said to have dropped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descent" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower", + "cascade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden downpour (as of tears or sparks etc) likened to a rain shower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinking" + ], + "it": [ + "affondamento", + "inabissamento", + "sommersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a descent as through liquid (especially through water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submergence", + "submerging", + "submersion", + "immersion" + ], + "it": [ + "immersione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sinking until covered completely with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief immersion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundering", + "going under" + ], + "it": [ + "affondamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(of a ship) sinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsteady rocking motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormal wobble in a motor vehicle (especially in the front wheels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flop", + "bust", + "fizzle" + ], + "it": [ + "catastrofe", + "fiasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey", + "bomb", + "dud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that fails badly or is totally ineffectual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debacle", + "fiasco" + ], + "it": [ + "disastro", + "fiasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and violent collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implosion" + ], + "it": [ + "implosione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden inward collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitational collapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the implosion of a star resulting from its own gravity; the result is a smaller and denser celestial object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "halt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of something ending" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand", + "standstill", + "tie-up" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interruption of normal activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviation", + "divergence", + "departure", + "difference" + ], + "it": [ + "deroga", + "deviazione", + "sbandamento", + "differenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variation that deviates from the standard or norm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discrepancy", + "variance", + "variant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that departs from expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driftage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deviation (by a vessel or aircraft) from its intended course due to drifting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflection", + "flection", + "flexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deviation from a straight or normal course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malformation", + "miscreation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something abnormal or anomalous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monstrosity" + ], + "it": [ + "mostruosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something hideous or frightful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislocation", + "disruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that results in a displacement or discontinuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "rompimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of breaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden breaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interruption", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "arresto", + "interruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspension", + "respite", + "reprieve", + "hiatus", + "abatement" + ], + "it": [ + "cessazione", + "iato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interruption in the intensity or amount of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defervescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abatement of a fever as indicated by a reduction in body temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclipse", + "occultation" + ], + "it": [ + "eclisse", + "eclissi", + "occultazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one celestial body obscures another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar eclipse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the moon interrupts light from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar eclipse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earth interrupts light shining on the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annular eclipse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only a thin outer disk of the sun can be seen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total eclipse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eclipse as seen from a place where the eclipsed body is completely obscured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partial eclipse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eclipse in which the eclipsed body is only partially obscured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which something increases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjustment", + "accommodation", + "fitting" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodamento", + "adeguamento", + "aggiustamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shakedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "initial adjustments to improve the functioning or the efficiency and to bring to a more satisfactory state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance", + "entering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement into or inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "discesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb", + "climbing", + "mounting" + ], + "it": [ + "aumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that involves rising to a higher point (as in altitude or temperature or intensity etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevation", + "lift", + "raising" + ], + "it": [ + "elevamento", + "elevazione", + "innalzamento", + "rialzamento", + "rialzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of something being raised upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "heaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upward movement (especially a rhythmical rising and falling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liftoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial ascent of a rocket from its launching pad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden occurrence of an audible event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuss", + "trouble", + "bother", + "hassle" + ], + "it": [ + "briga", + "cancan", + "fastidio", + "impiccio", + "incomodo", + "noia", + "rogna", + "rottura", + "scomodo", + "seccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angry disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headway", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrivio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forward movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial", + "tribulation", + "visitation" + ], + "it": [ + "tribolamento", + "tribolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union" + ], + "it": [ + "unione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a uniting of separate parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphimixis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "union of sperm and egg in sexual reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusion", + "merger", + "unification" + ], + "it": [ + "fusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence that involves the production of a union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combining", + "combine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence that results in things being united" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a combining of genes or characters different from what they were in the parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a combining of charges or transfer of electrons in a gas that results in the neutralization of ions; important for ions arising from the passage of high-energy particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidation" + ], + "it": [ + "consolidamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combining into a solid mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix", + "mixture" + ], + "it": [ + "impasto", + "mescolanza", + "miscela", + "miscuglio", + "misto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that combines things in a mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concoction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of an unusual mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conglomeration", + "conglobation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence combining miscellaneous things into a (more or less) rounded mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of thorough mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapid climb", + "rapid growth", + "zoom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the initial ascent of an airplane as it becomes airborne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upheaval", + "uplift", + "upthrow", + "upthrust" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "spinta verso l'alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a rise of land to a higher elevation (as in the process of mountain building)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uplifting" + ], + "it": [ + "elevazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rise of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cry made by sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang", + "clap", + "eruption", + "blast", + "bam" + ], + "it": [ + "bang", + "botta", + "botto", + "bum", + "scoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden very loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull resonant sound as of a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuing very loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noise resembling the bark of a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a hound on the scent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of stroke or blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beep", + "bleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short high tone produced as a signal or warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell", + "toll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a bell being struck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blare", + "blaring", + "cacophony", + "clamor", + "din" + ], + "it": [ + "fracasso", + "chiasso", + "frastuono", + "cancan", + "strepito", + "clangore", + "rombazzo", + "rumore infernale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud harsh or strident noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "roar", + "roaring", + "thunder" + ], + "it": [ + "fragore", + "muggito", + "rimbombo", + "rintronamento", + "rombo", + "ruggito", + "boato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep prolonged loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleat" + ], + "it": [ + "belato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of sheep or goats (or any sound resembling this)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bray" + ], + "it": [ + "raglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cry of an ass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow-wow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bark of a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz", + "bombilation", + "bombination" + ], + "it": [ + "brusio", + "ronzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound of rapid vibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackle" + ], + "it": [ + "coccodè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a hen after laying an egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caterwaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yowling sound made by a cat in heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caw" + ], + "it": [ + "gracchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by corvine birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter", + "chattering" + ], + "it": [ + "cicaleccio", + "cinguettio", + "pettegolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the high-pitched continuing noise made by animals (birds or monkeys)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter", + "chattering" + ], + "it": [ + "pettegolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheep", + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the short weak cry of a young bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chink", + "click", + "clink" + ], + "it": [ + "scatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short light metallic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chirp" + ], + "it": [ + "cri-cri", + "cri cri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp sound made by small birds or insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chirrup", + "twitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of chirps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any utterance produced simultaneously by a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dull explosive noise made by an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clack", + "clap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp abrupt noise as if two objects hit together; may be repeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clang", + "clangor", + "clangour", + "clangoring", + "clank", + "clash", + "crash" + ], + "it": [ + "clangore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud resonant repeating noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click-clack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succession of clicks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clickety-clack", + "clickety-click" + ], + "it": [ + "clicchettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fast and rhythmic click-clack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip-clop", + "clippety-clop", + "clop", + "clopping", + "clunking", + "clumping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a horse's hoofs hitting on a hard surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluck", + "clucking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a hen (as in calling her chicks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock-a-doodle-doo" + ], + "it": [ + "chicchirichì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imitation of the crow of a cock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a pigeon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack", + "cracking", + "snap" + ], + "it": [ + "crac", + "schianto", + "schiocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden sharp noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crackle", + "crackling", + "crepitation" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitio", + "scoppiettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sharp sound of snapping noises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creak", + "creaking" + ], + "it": [ + "cigolio", + "cric", + "cricchio", + "crocchio", + "scricchio", + "scricchiolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squeaking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepitation rale" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitazione", + "rantolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crackling sound heard on auscultation when patients with respiratory diseases inhale; associated with tuberculosis and pneumonia and congestive heart failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cry of a cock (or an imitation of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of something crunching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry" + ], + "it": [ + "verso", + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic utterance of an animal" + ], + "it": [ + "suono caratteristico di un animale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrepitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crackling or breaking up of certain crystals when they are heated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ringing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip", + "dripping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a liquid falling drop by drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ding-dong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise made by a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise caused by an explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footfall", + "footstep", + "step" + ], + "it": [ + "passo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a step of someone walking" + ], + "it": [ + "rumore prodotto dai piedi nel posarsi a terra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargle" + ], + "it": [ + "gargarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound produced while gargling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic sound made by a turkey cock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh rasping sound made by scraping something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinding" + ], + "it": [ + "sgretolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh and strident sound (as of the grinding of gears)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growl", + "growling" + ], + "it": [ + "ringhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of growling (as made by animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunt", + "oink" + ], + "it": [ + "grugnito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the short low gruff noise of the kind made by hogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gurgle" + ], + "it": [ + "borboglio", + "gorgoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bubbling sound of water flowing from a bottle with a narrow neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiss", + "hissing", + "hushing", + "fizzle", + "sibilation" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiata", + "fischio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fricative sound (especially as an expression of disapproval)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cry of a goose (or any sound resembling this)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howl" + ], + "it": [ + "ululato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud sustained noise resembling the cry of a hound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howl" + ], + "it": [ + "ululato", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the long plaintive cry of a hound or a wolf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hubbub", + "uproar", + "brouhaha", + "katzenjammer" + ], + "it": [ + "baccano", + "bailamme", + "baraonda", + "bolgia", + "bordello", + "buriana", + "caciara", + "cagnara", + "canea", + "chiasso", + "clamore", + "fracasso", + "frastuono", + "gazzarra", + "parapiglia", + "sarabanda", + "schiamazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loud confused noise from many sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hum", + "humming" + ], + "it": [ + "brusio", + "ronzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humming noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jingle", + "jangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knell" + ], + "it": [ + "campana a morto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a bell rung slowly to announce a death or a funeral or the end of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "knocking" + ], + "it": [ + "battito", + "colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of knocking (as on a door or in an engine or bearing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meow", + "mew", + "miaou", + "miaow", + "miaul" + ], + "it": [ + "miao", + "miau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a cat (or any sound resembling this)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moo" + ], + "it": [ + "muggito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a cow or bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutter", + "muttering", + "murmur", + "murmuring", + "murmuration", + "mussitation" + ], + "it": [ + "bisbiglio", + "borbottio", + "brontolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neigh", + "nicker", + "whicker", + "whinny" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the characteristic sounds made by a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "rumore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise made by a short puff of steam (as from an engine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paradiddle", + "roll", + "drum roll" + ], + "it": [ + "rullio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a drum (especially a snare drum) beaten rapidly and continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pat", + "rap", + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a gentle blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick succession of light rapid sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peal", + "pealing", + "roll", + "rolling" + ], + "it": [ + "rombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep prolonged sound (as of thunder or large bells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "suono metallico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp high-pitched resonant sound (as of a sonar echo or a bullet striking metal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitter-patter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of rapid tapping sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plonk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise of something dropping (as into liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plop" + ], + "it": [ + "tonfo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise of a rounded object dropping into a liquid without a splash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a sudden heavy fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow twanging sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop", + "popping" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp explosive sound as from a gunshot or drawing a cork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purr" + ], + "it": [ + "fusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low vibrating sound typical of a contented cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quack" + ], + "it": [ + "qua qua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the harsh sound of a duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tremulous sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket" + ], + "it": [ + "baccano", + "casino", + "chiasso", + "confusione", + "fracasso", + "gazzarra", + "schiamazzo", + "trambusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud and disturbing noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat-a-tat-tat", + "rat-a-tat", + "rat-tat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of short sharp taps (as made by strokes on a drum or knocks on a door)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle", + "rattling", + "rale" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report" + ], + "it": [ + "detonazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhonchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound like whistling or snoring that is heard with a stethoscope during expiration as air passes through obstructed channels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "ringing", + "tintinnabulation" + ], + "it": [ + "squillo", + "suono", + "trillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a bell ringing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub-a-dub", + "rataplan", + "drumbeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by beating a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumble", + "rumbling", + "grumble", + "grumbling" + ], + "it": [ + "boato", + "borbogliamento", + "brontolamento", + "fragore", + "mormorio", + "rimbombo", + "rombo", + "rumoreggiamento", + "rumorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud low dull continuous noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustle", + "rustling", + "whisper", + "whispering" + ], + "it": [ + "bisbiglio", + "fremito", + "fruscio", + "fruscìo", + "mormorio", + "sussurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light noise, like the noise of silk clothing or leaves blowing in the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape", + "scraping", + "scratch", + "scratching" + ], + "it": [ + "raschio", + "sfregamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh noise made by scraping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screech", + "screeching", + "shriek", + "shrieking", + "scream", + "screaming" + ], + "it": [ + "dirugginio", + "stridio", + "strido", + "stridore", + "urlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-pitched noise resembling a human cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crunching noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuing shrill noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound like a person sighing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sizzling noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of (the chanter of) a bagpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise made by the forceful impact of two objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise produced by the rapid movement of a finger from the tip to the base of the thumb on the same hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rattling noise produced when snoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "song" + ], + "it": [ + "canto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinctive or characteristic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatter", + "spattering", + "splatter", + "splattering", + "sputter", + "splutter", + "sputtering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise of something spattering or sputtering explosively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash", + "plash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound like water splashing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single splash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise of squawking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short high-pitched noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-pitched howl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise of soft mud being walked on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stridulation" + ], + "it": [ + "stridulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrill grating or chirping noise made by some insects by rubbing body parts together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound of strumming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "susurration", + "susurrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the indistinct sound of people whispering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brushing or rustling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoosh", + "whoosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the noise produced by the sudden rush of a fluid (a gas or liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapping" + ], + "it": [ + "picchiettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of light blow or knock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throbbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound with a strong rhythmic beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thump", + "thumping", + "clump", + "clunk", + "thud" + ], + "it": [ + "botto", + "tonfo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy dull sound (as made by impact of heavy objects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thrumming sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a booming or crashing noise caused by air expanding along the path of a bolt of lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderclap" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rombo di tuono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single sharp crash of thunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull hollow sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick", + "ticking" + ], + "it": [ + "picchiettio", + "tic", + "tic tac", + "ticche", + "ticchettio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metallic tapping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticktock", + "tocktact", + "tictac" + ], + "it": [ + "tic tac", + "ticche", + "tictac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steady recurrent ticking sound as made by a clock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ting", + "tinkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light clear metallic sound as of a small bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toot" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di clacson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blast of a horn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tootle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of casual playing on a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy footfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trample", + "trampling" + ], + "it": [ + "calpestio", + "scalpiccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of heavy treading or stomping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "suono vibrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp vibrating sound (as of a plucked string)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak chirping sound as of a small bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibrato" + ], + "it": [ + "vibrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) a pulsating effect in an instrumental or vocal tone produced by slight and rapid variations in pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vocal vibrato especially an excessive or poorly controlled one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound suggestive of a vocal utterance" + ], + "it": [ + "suono emesso da qualcosa o manifestazioni sonore prodotte da eventi naturali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the roaring sound made by a motor that is running at high speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the banging sound of steam in pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by a sharp swift blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whir", + "whirr", + "whirring", + "birr" + ], + "it": [ + "brusio", + "frullo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound of something in rapid motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle", + "whistling" + ], + "it": [ + "fischio", + "sibilo", + "zufolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound made by something moving rapidly or by steam coming out of a small aperture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buzzing or hissing sound as of something traveling rapidly through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yip", + "yelp", + "yelping" + ], + "it": [ + "guaito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp high-pitched cry (especially by a dog)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief high-pitched buzzing or humming sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newsworthy event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse", + "pulsation", + "heartbeat", + "beat" + ], + "it": [ + "battiti del cuore", + "battito", + "palpito", + "polso", + "pulsazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rhythmic contraction and expansion of the arteries with each beat of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diastole" + ], + "it": [ + "diastole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systole" + ], + "it": [ + "sistole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contraction of the chambers of the heart (especially the ventricles) to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrasystole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a premature systole resulting in a momentary cardiac arrhythmia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throb", + "throbbing", + "pounding" + ], + "it": [ + "battito", + "palpito", + "pulsazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of rapid strong pulsation (of the heart)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high tide", + "high water", + "highwater" + ], + "it": [ + "alta marea", + "colma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tide when the water is highest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebb", + "reflux" + ], + "it": [ + "deflusso", + "riflusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outward flow of the tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low tide", + "low water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest (farthest) ebb of the tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebbtide" + ], + "it": [ + "riflusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tide while water is flowing out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide" + ], + "it": [ + "marea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of high tide on one side of the earth coinciding with high tide on the opposite side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood tide", + "flood", + "rising tide" + ], + "it": [ + "flusso", + "marea crescente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of incoming water (between a low tide and the following high tide)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neap tide", + "neap" + ], + "it": [ + "marea di quadratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a less than average tide occurring at the first and third quarters of the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springtide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greater than average tide occurring during the new and full moons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leeward tide", + "lee tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tide that runs in the same direction as the wind is blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack water", + "slack tide" + ], + "it": [ + "stanca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of relatively still water at the turn of the (low) tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal bore", + "bore", + "eagre", + "aegir", + "eager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high wave (often dangerous) caused by tidal flow (as by colliding tidal currents or in a narrow estuary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal flow", + "tidal current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the water current caused by the tides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertow", + "sea puss", + "sea-puss", + "sea purse", + "sea-purse", + "sea-poose" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente di risacca", + "onda di risucchio", + "risacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seaward undercurrent created after waves have broken on the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riptide", + "rip current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong surface current flowing outwards from a shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip", + "riptide", + "tide rip", + "crosscurrent", + "countercurrent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stretch of turbulent water in a river or the sea caused by one current flowing into or across another current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertide", + "undercurrent" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "corrente sottomarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a current below the surface of a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the descent of a large mass of earth or rocks or snow etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avalanche" + ], + "it": [ + "lavina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slide of large masses of snow and ice and mud down a mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lahar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avalanche of volcanic water and mud down the slopes of a volcano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landslide", + "landslip" + ], + "it": [ + "frana", + "franamento", + "lavina", + "smossa", + "smotta", + "smottamento", + "smottatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slide of a large mass of dirt and rock down a mountain or cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudslide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landslide of mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plinian eruption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic eruption in which a stream of gas and ash is violently ejected to a height of several miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockslide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landslide of rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow", + "flowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backflow", + "backflowing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flow that returns toward its source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regurgitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backflow of blood through a defective heart valve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airflow", + "air flow", + "flow of air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flow of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "current", + "stream" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente", + "flusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady flow of a fluid (usually from natural causes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshet", + "spate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a water flow resulting from sudden rain or melting snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overflow", + "runoff", + "overspill" + ], + "it": [ + "alluvione", + "inondazione", + "spaglio", + "straripamento", + "tracimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dripping", + "drippage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid (as water) that flows in drops (as from the eaves of house)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torrent", + "violent stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violently fast stream of water (or other liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "outpouring", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pouring forth of a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flux", + "fluxion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flow or discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airburst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosion in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosion (as of dynamite)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the explosion of a bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear explosion", + "atomic explosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the explosion of an atomic bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backblast", + "back-blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backfire from a recoilless weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud noise made by the explosion of fuel in the manifold or exhaust of an internal combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big bang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the cosmic explosion that is hypothesized to have marked the origin of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowback", + "backfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the backward escape of gases and unburned gunpowder after a gun is fired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragmentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scattering of bomb fragments after the bomb explodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) a brief exponential expansion of the universe (faster than the speed of light) postulated to have occurred shortly after the big bang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricochet", + "carom" + ], + "it": [ + "rimbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glancing rebound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "touching" + ], + "it": [ + "tocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the event of something coming in contact with the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concussion" + ], + "it": [ + "botta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any violent blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap", + "strike", + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gentle blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "bash", + "bang", + "smash", + "belt" + ], + "it": [ + "botta", + "colpo", + "urto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vigorous blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pounding", + "buffeting" + ], + "it": [ + "tambureggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeated heavy blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideswipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glancing blow from or on the side of something (especially motor vehicles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slap", + "smack" + ], + "it": [ + "ceffone", + "labbrata", + "manata", + "manrovescio", + "pacca", + "riverso", + "sberla", + "scappellotto", + "schiaffo", + "sventola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blow from a flat object (as an open hand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflection", + "deflexion", + "refraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which a propagating wave is bent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple harmonic motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periodic motion in which the restoring force is proportional to the displacement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversal", + "turn around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turning in an opposite direction or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yaw", + "swerve" + ], + "it": [ + "scarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erratic deflection from an intended course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concussion" + ], + "it": [ + "commozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injury to the brain caused by a blow; usually resulting in loss of consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinkle", + "scintillation", + "sparkling" + ], + "it": [ + "brillio", + "luccichio", + "scintillio", + "sfavillio", + "sfavillo", + "sfolgorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid change in brightness; a brief spark or flash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmer", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "brividio", + "luccicore", + "tremolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak and tremulous light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ], + "it": [ + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden intense burst of radiant energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flicker", + "spark", + "glint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a momentary flash of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleam", + "gleaming", + "glimmer" + ], + "it": [ + "barlume", + "chiarore", + "spiraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flash of light (especially reflected light)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glitter", + "sparkle", + "coruscation" + ], + "it": [ + "luccichio", + "scintillio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a small flash or spark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flash of intense heat (as released by an atomic explosion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightning" + ], + "it": [ + "baleno", + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flash of light that accompanies an electric discharge in the atmosphere (or something resembling such a flash); can scintillate for a second or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat lightning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bright flashes of light near the horizon without thunder (especially on hot evenings); usually attributed to distant lightning that is reflected by clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet lighting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightning that appears as a broad sheet; due to reflections of more distant lightning and to diffusion by the clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden flash (as of lightning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "light touch" + ], + "it": [ + "sfioramento", + "lieve tocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "momentary contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "tocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentration" + ], + "it": [ + "concentrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explosion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden great increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "leap" + ], + "it": [ + "balzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden and decisive increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runup", + "run-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substantial increase over a relatively short period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waxing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual increase in magnitude or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convergence" + ], + "it": [ + "convergenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of two or more things coming together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meeting", + "encounter" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a casual or unexpected convergence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjunction", + "alignment" + ], + "it": [ + "congiunzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) apparent meeting or passing of two or more celestial bodies in the same degree of the zodiac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the alignment of the Earth and a planet on the same side of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior conjunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the alignment of the Earth and a planet on the opposite side of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversion", + "transition", + "changeover" + ], + "it": [ + "conversione", + "transizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that results in a transformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycogenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of glucose to glycogen when the glucose in the blood exceeds the demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomerization", + "isomerisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of a compound into an isomer of itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conversion of alternating current to direct current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the change of one chemical element into another (as by nuclear decay or radioactive bombardment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juncture", + "occasion" + ], + "it": [ + "occasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event that occurs at a critical time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climax", + "flood tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest point of anything conceived of as growing or developing or unfolding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjuncture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critical combination of events or circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emergency", + "exigency", + "pinch" + ], + "it": [ + "emergenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden unforeseen crisis (usually involving danger) that requires immediate action" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione critica, di grave pericolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisis" + ], + "it": [ + "acme", + "crisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiamento improvviso nel decorso di una malattia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landmark", + "turning point", + "watershed" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra miliare", + "svolta", + "svolta decisiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event marking a unique or important historical change of course or one on which important developments depend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fall of Man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judeo-Christian mythology) when Adam and Eve ate of the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil in the Garden of Eden, God punished them by driving them out of the Garden of Eden and into the world where they would be subject to sickness and pain and eventual death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road to Damascus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden turning point in a person's life (similar to the sudden conversion of the Apostle Paul on the road from Jerusalem to Damascus of arrest Christians)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a significant event in your life (or in a project)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "head", + "straits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a difficult juncture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reality check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion on which one is reminded of the nature of things in the real world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compaction", + "compression", + "concretion", + "densification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an increase in the density of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarefaction" + ], + "it": [ + "rarefazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decrease in the density of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservation", + "preservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of improvement by virtue of preventing loss or injury or other change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recovery" + ], + "it": [ + "ripresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to an original state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remission", + "remittal", + "subsidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abatement in intensity or degree (as in the manifestations of a disease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subsidence of swelling or other signs of inflammation (especially in a lung)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curse", + "torment" + ], + "it": [ + "dannazione", + "disgrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detriment", + "hurt" + ], + "it": [ + "danno", + "detrimento", + "discapito", + "scapito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a damage or loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detriment or sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage", + "harm", + "impairment" + ], + "it": [ + "avaria", + "danno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a change for the worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulsation", + "pulsing", + "pulse", + "impulse" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso", + "pulsazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) a sharp transient wave in the normal electrical state (or a series of such transients)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakdown", + "equipment failure" + ], + "it": [ + "avaria", + "guasto", + "panne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cessation of normal operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brakes fail to stop a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engine failure" + ], + "it": [ + "guasto al motore", + "panne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engine does not run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfire", + "dud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an explosion that fails to occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary suspension of operation (as of computers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power outage", + "power failure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equipment failure resulting when the supply of power fails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(electronics) equipment failure attributable to some defect in a circuit (loose connection or insulation failure or short circuit etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackout" + ], + "it": [ + "interruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure of electric power for a general region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the failure of a jet engine caused by an interruption of the fuel supply or by faulty combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwindling", + "dwindling away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a becoming gradually less" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual decrease in magnitude or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fading away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradually diminishing in brightness or loudness or strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "turn of events", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sviluppo imprevisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unforeseen development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remarkable development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complication", + "ramification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a development that complicates a situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolution" + ], + "it": [ + "rivoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cultural Revolution", + "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical reform in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 and carried out largely by the Red Guard; intended to eliminate counterrevolutionary elements in the government it resulted in purges of the intellectuals and socioeconomic chaos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green revolution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the introduction of pesticides and high-yield grains and better management during the 1960s and 1970s which greatly increased agricultural productivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutation", + "genetic mutation", + "chromosomal mutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change in a person's physical sexual characteristics (as by surgery and hormone treatments)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deletion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the loss or absence of one or more nucleotides from a chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a kind of mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a chromosome is reversed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a kind of mutation in which a chromosomal segment is transfered to a new position on the same or another chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutagenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event capable of causing a mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insertional mutagenesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a mutation caused by the insertion of exogenous DNA into a genome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point mutation", + "gene mutation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a mutation due to an intramolecular reorganization of a gene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a return to a normal phenotype (usually resulting from a second mutation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) a mutation that drastically changes the phenotype of an organism or species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degeneration", + "retrogression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passing from a more complex to a simpler biological form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrophy", + "withering" + ], + "it": [ + "atrofia", + "ipotrofia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any weakening or degeneration (especially through lack of use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strengthening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming stronger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakening" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolimento", + "attenuamento", + "illanguidimento", + "infievolimento", + "mitigamento", + "raffreddamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "becoming weaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attenuation", + "fading" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolimento", + "evanescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weakening in force or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "downfall" + ], + "it": [ + "caduta", + "crollo", + "rovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden decline in strength or number or importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticlimax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disappointing decline after a previous rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abiotrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss of vitality and a degeneration of cells and tissues not due to any apparent injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataplasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) degenerative reversion of cells or tissue to a less differentiated or more primitive form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturbation", + "disturbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activity that is a malfunction, intrusion, or interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden disturbance of the earth's magnetic field; caused by emission of particles from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earthquake", + "quake", + "temblor", + "seism" + ], + "it": [ + "sisma", + "terremoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock", + "seismic disturbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instance of agitation of the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremor", + "earth tremor", + "microseism" + ], + "it": [ + "microsisma", + "microsismo", + "scossa sismica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftershock" + ], + "it": [ + "scossa di assestamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tremor (or one of a series of tremors) occurring after the main shock of an earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreshock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tremor preceding an earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaquake", + "submarine earthquake" + ], + "it": [ + "maremoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earthquake at the sea bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invasion", + "encroachment", + "intrusion" + ], + "it": [ + "invasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any entry into an area not previously occupied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noise", + "interference", + "disturbance" + ], + "it": [ + "cancan", + "chiasso", + "dissonanza", + "rumore", + "interferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical or acoustic activity that can disturb communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background", + "background signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraneous signals that can be confused with the phenomenon to be observed or measured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background noise", + "ground noise" + ], + "it": [ + "fruscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extraneous noise contaminating sound measurements that cannot be separated from the desired signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noise produced by the friction of the stylus of a record player moving over the rotating record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "radiazione di fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation coming from sources other than those being observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosstalk", + "XT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of an unwanted signal via an accidental coupling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fadeout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gradual temporary loss of a transmitted signal due to electrical disturbances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rapid variations in a waveform resulting from fluctuations in the voltage supply or mechanical vibrations or other sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "static", + "atmospherics", + "atmospheric static" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crackling or hissing noise caused by electrical interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noise produced by a stimulus containing all of the audible frequencies of vibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "static at radio wavelengths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seepage", + "ooze", + "oozing" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoriuscita", + "fuoruscita", + "infiltrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of seeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exudation", + "transudation" + ], + "it": [ + "trasudazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the process of exuding; the slow escape of liquids from blood vessels through pores or breaks in the cell membranes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip", + "trickle", + "dribble" + ], + "it": [ + "colamento", + "gocciolamento", + "gocciolatura", + "gocciolio", + "sgocciolamento", + "sgocciolio", + "stillamento", + "stillicidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowing in drops; the formation and falling of drops of liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intravenous drip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow continuous drip introducing solutions intravenously (a drop at a time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eddy", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "molinello", + "mulinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miniature whirlpool or whirlwind resulting when the current of a fluid doubles back on itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirlpool", + "vortex", + "maelstrom" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgo", + "molinello", + "mulinello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful circular current of water (usually the result of conflicting tides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charybdis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cariddi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a ship-devouring whirlpool lying on the other side of a narrow strait from Scylla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismemberment", + "taking apart" + ], + "it": [ + "smembramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the removal of limbs; being cut to pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutilation" + ], + "it": [ + "mutilazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an injury that causes disfigurement or that deprives you of a limb or other important body part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distortion", + "deformation" + ], + "it": [ + "danneggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change for the worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warp", + "warping" + ], + "it": [ + "deformità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moral or mental distortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep and rapid fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the act of casting down or falling headlong from a height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilization", + "fertilisation", + "fecundation", + "dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "fertilizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "making fertile as by applying fertilizer or manure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of fertilizer or manure not plowed in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissilience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emergence of seeds as seed pods burst open when they are ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outburst", + "burst", + "flare-up" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden intense happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outburst resembling the discharge of firearms or the release of bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbreak", + "eruption", + "irruption" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidemic" + ], + "it": [ + "contagio", + "epidemia", + "morbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pandemic" + ], + "it": [ + "pandemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epidemic that is geographically widespread; occurring throughout a region or even throughout the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recrudescence" + ], + "it": [ + "recrudescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a return of something after a period of abatement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet", + "squirt", + "spurt", + "spirt" + ], + "it": [ + "fiotto", + "getto", + "rampollamento", + "schizzo", + "sgorgo", + "sprizzo", + "zampillamento", + "zampillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a sudden discharge (as of liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden burst of activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanic eruption", + "eruption" + ], + "it": [ + "eruzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape", + "leak", + "leakage", + "outflow" + ], + "it": [ + "colaggio", + "fuga", + "fuoriuscita", + "fuoruscita", + "perdita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the discharge of a fluid from some container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilization", + "fertilisation", + "fecundation", + "impregnation" + ], + "it": [ + "fecondazione", + "impregnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creation by the physical union of male and female gametes; of sperm and ova in an animal or pollen and ovule in a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollination", + "pollenation" + ], + "it": [ + "impollinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-fertilization", + "cross-fertilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization by the union of male and female gametes from different individual of the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allogamy" + ], + "it": [ + "allogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross-fertilization in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-fertilization", + "self-fertilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "autofecondazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization by the union of male and female gametes from the same individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superfecundation" + ], + "it": [ + "superfecondazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization of two or more ova released during the same menstrual cycle by sperm from separate acts of coitus (especially by different males)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superfetation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization of a second ovum after a pregnancy has begun; results in two fetuses of different ages in the uterus at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autogamy" + ], + "it": [ + "autogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-fertilization in plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-pollination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization by transfer of pollen from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-pollination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilization by transfer of pollen from the anthers to the stigma of the same flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleistogamy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the production of small nonopening self-pollinating flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap", + "flapping", + "flutter", + "fluttering" + ], + "it": [ + "frullio", + "sventolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the motion made by flapping up and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush", + "gush", + "outpouring" + ], + "it": [ + "fiotto", + "zampillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden rapid flow (as of water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adaptive radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous group of organisms as they fill different ecological niches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush", + "spate", + "surge", + "upsurge" + ], + "it": [ + "ondata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden forceful flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debris surge", + "debris storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sudden spread of dust and debris from a collapsing building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forceful forward rush or flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "springtide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swelling rush of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotation", + "revolution", + "gyration" + ], + "it": [ + "rotazione", + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single complete turn (axial or orbital)" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento circolare di un corpo o di un elemento intorno al proprio asse, lungo una circonferenza o un'ellissi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dextrorotation", + "clockwise rotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotation to the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levorotation", + "counterclockwise rotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotation to the left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axial rotation", + "axial motion", + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotary motion of an object around its own axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbital rotation", + "orbital motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motion of an object in an orbit around a fixed point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirl", + "commotion" + ], + "it": [ + "brulichio", + "carosello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confused movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backspin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spin (usually of a moving ball) that retards or reverses the forward motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English", + "side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the spin given to a ball by striking it on one side or releasing it with a sharp twist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topspin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forward spin (usually of a moving ball) that is imparted by an upward stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indolent or clumsy rolling about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "ladder", + "ravel" + ], + "it": [ + "smagliatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a row of unravelled stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxation", + "loosening", + "slackening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occurrence of control or strength weakening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relaxation or slackening of tensions or reserve; becoming less hostile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitution", + "permutation", + "transposition", + "replacement", + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event in which one thing is substituted for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business cycle", + "trade cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daily variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fluctuations that occur between one day and the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diurnal variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fluctuations that occur during each day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that may increase or decrease (like the tides of the sea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift", + "displacement" + ], + "it": [ + "spostamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an event in which something is displaced without rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplitude" + ], + "it": [ + "ampiezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the maximum displacement of a periodic wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxation" + ], + "it": [ + "lussatura", + "lussazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "displacement or misalignment of a joint or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subluxation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partial displacement of a joint or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progress", + "progression", + "advance" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzata", + "progressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "rising", + "ascent", + "ascension" + ], + "it": [ + "ascensione", + "ascesa", + "levata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "spreading" + ], + "it": [ + "diffusione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild headlong rush of frightened animals (horses or cattle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a uniform movement without rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jet of vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quick squirt of some liquid (usually carbonated water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelus bell", + "angelus" + ], + "it": [ + "angelus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of a bell rung in Roman Catholic churches to announce the time when the Angelus should be recited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell ringing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sound of someone playing a set of bells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return", + "coming back" + ], + "it": [ + "ritorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a change in direction back in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rolling or revolving motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affair", + "occasion", + "social occasion", + "function", + "social function" + ], + "it": [ + "avvenimento", + "occasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vaguely specified social event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party" + ], + "it": [ + "festa", + "party", + "ricevimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment" + ], + "it": [ + "festeggiamento, pubblico o privato, organizzato per celebrare una circostanza lieta o per divertimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bash", + "do", + "brawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uproarious party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party held on the anniversary of someone's birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunfight", + "bun-fight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Briticism) a grand formal party on an important occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceilidh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal social gathering at which there is Scottish or Irish folk music and singing and folk dancing and story telling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail party" + ], + "it": [ + "cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an afternoon party at which cocktails are served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance" + ], + "it": [ + "ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party for social dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball", + "formal" + ], + "it": [ + "veglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lavish dance requiring formal attire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotillion", + "cotilion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball at which young ladies are presented to society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masked ball", + "masquerade ball", + "fancy-dress ball" + ], + "it": [ + "ballo in maschera", + "ballo mascherato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball at which guests wear costumes and masks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promenade", + "prom" + ], + "it": [ + "ballo studentesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal ball held for a school class toward the end of the academic year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barn dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance party featuring country dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop", + "record hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal dance where popular music is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dance party that lasts all night and electronically synthesized music is played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fete", + "feast", + "fiesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate party (often outdoors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elaborate Hawaiian feast or party (especially one accompanied by traditional foods and entertainment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party lasting over one or more nights at a large house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jolly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a happy party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party at which tea is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whist drive" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "torneo di whist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a progressive whist party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebration", + "jubilation" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrazione", + "festeggiamenti", + "festeggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceremony", + "ceremonial", + "ceremonial occasion", + "observance" + ], + "it": [ + "cerimonia", + "rito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal event performed on a special occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formal ceremony about important occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funeral" + ], + "it": [ + "funerale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burial", + "entombment", + "inhumation", + "interment", + "sepulture" + ], + "it": [ + "inumazione", + "sepoltura", + "seppellimento", + "sotterramento", + "tumulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sky burial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Tibetan funeral ritual in which the corpse is exposed to the open air to be eaten by sacred vultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding", + "wedding ceremony", + "nuptials", + "hymeneals" + ], + "it": [ + "matrimonio", + "nozze", + "sponsali", + "sposalizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pageant", + "pageantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich and spectacular ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedication" + ], + "it": [ + "dedicazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony in which something (as a building) is dedicated to some goal or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rededication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new dedication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "inaugurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony accompanying the start of some enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commemoration", + "memorialization", + "memorialisation" + ], + "it": [ + "commemorazione", + "rievocazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremony to honor the memory of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military ceremony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal ceremony performed by military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiation", + "induction", + "installation" + ], + "it": [ + "insediamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal entry into an organization or position or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronation", + "enthronement", + "enthronization", + "enthronisation", + "investiture" + ], + "it": [ + "coronazione", + "incoronamento", + "incoronazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremony of installing a new monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar mitzvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) an initiation ceremony marking the 13th birthday of a Jewish boy and signifying the beginning of religious responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat mitzvah", + "bath mitzvah", + "bas mitzvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) an initiation ceremony marking the 12th birthday of a Jewish girl and signifying the beginning of religious responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a ceremony that involves processions and speeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire walking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ceremony of walking barefoot over hot stones or a bed of embers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commencement", + "commencement exercise", + "commencement ceremony", + "graduation", + "graduation exercise" + ], + "it": [ + "consegna dei diplomi", + "consegna delle lauree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic exercise in which diplomas are conferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formality", + "formalities" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a requirement of etiquette or custom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maundy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public ceremony on Maundy Thursday when the monarch distributes Maundy money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potlatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial feast held by some Indians of the northwestern coast of North America (as in celebrating a marriage or a new accession) in which the host gives gifts to tribesmen and others to display his superior wealth (sometimes, formerly, to his own impoverishment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundraiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social function that is held for the purpose of raising money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photo opportunity", + "photo op" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion that lends itself to (or is deliberately arranged for) taking photographs that provide favorable publicity for those who are photographed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion of spending a night away from home or having a guest spend the night in your home (especially as a party for children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contest", + "competition" + ], + "it": [ + "competizione", + "concorso", + "gara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athletic contest", + "athletic competition", + "athletics" + ], + "it": [ + "atletica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest between athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest or fight (especially between boxers or wrestlers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decathlon" + ], + "it": [ + "decathlon", + "decatlon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic contest consisting of ten different events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympic Games", + "Olympics", + "Olympiad" + ], + "it": [ + "Giochi Olimpici", + "Giochi olimpici", + "Olimpiadi", + "olimpiade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern revival of the ancient games held once every 4 years in a selected country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Special Olympics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic contest modeled after the Olympic Games but intended for mentally or physically handicapped persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winter Olympic Games", + "Winter Olympics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Olympics for winter sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preliminary", + "prelim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor match preceding the main event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentathlon" + ], + "it": [ + "pentathlon", + "pentatlon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic contest consisting of five different events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "championship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition at which a champion is chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foolhardy competition; a dangerous activity that is continued until one competitor becomes afraid and stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliffhanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest whose outcome is uncertain up to the very end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fiercely disputed contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race" + ], + "it": [ + "circuito", + "corsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest of speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile race", + "auto race", + "car race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between (usually high-performance) automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Prix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several international races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an automobile race run over public roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle race" + ], + "it": [ + "gara ciclistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between people riding bicycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tour de France" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French bicycle race for professional cyclists that lasts three weeks and covers about 3,000 miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat race" + ], + "it": [ + "gara di canottaggio", + "regata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between people rowing or driving boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burnup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-speed motorcycle race on a public road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chariot race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between ancient chariots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between dogs; usually an occasion for betting on the outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing-race", + "yacht race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between crews of people in yachts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footrace", + "foot race", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race run on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funrun", + "fun run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace run for fun (often including runners who are sponsored for a charity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marathon" + ], + "it": [ + "maratona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace of 26 miles 385 yards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freestyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race (as in swimming) in which each contestant has a free choice of the style to use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long race run over open country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iditarod", + "Iditarod Trail Dog Sled Race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important dogsled race run annually on the Iditarod Trail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-day event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equestrian competition; the first day is dressage; the second is cross-country jumping; the third is stadium jumping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preliminary race in which the winner advances to a more important race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest of speed between horses; usually held for the purpose of betting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claiming race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse race in which each owner declares before the race at what price his horse will be offered for sale after the race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selling race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse race in which the winning horse must be put up for auction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness race", + "harness racing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse race between people riding in sulkies behind horses that are trotting or pacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky Derby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual race for three-year-old horses; held at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Preakness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual race for three-year-old horses; held at Pimlico in Baltimore, Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belmont Stakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual race for three-year-old horses; held on Long Island at Elmont, New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse race in which part of the prize is put up by the owners of the horses in the race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeplechase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horse race over an obstructed course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand National" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual steeplechase run in Liverpool, England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstacle race" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa ad ostacoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race in which competitors must negotiate obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeplechase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace of usually 3000 meters over a closed track with hurdles and a water jump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between thoroughbred horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novelty race in which competitors move potatoes from one place to another one at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack race" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa coi sacchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novelty race in which competitors jump ahead with their feet confined in a sack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race in which all contestants start from scratch (on equal terms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski race", + "skiing race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between people wearing skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downhill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ski race down a trail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slalom" + ], + "it": [ + "slalom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a downhill race over a winding course defined by upright poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay", + "relay race" + ], + "it": [ + "staffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between teams; each member runs or swims part of the distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repechage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race (especially in rowing) in which runners-up in the eliminating heats compete for a place in the final race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torch race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Greece) in which a torch is passed from one runner to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soccer tournament held every four years between national soccer teams to determine a world champion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tournament", + "tourney" + ], + "it": [ + "torneo", + "coppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner" + ], + "it": [ + "competizione organizzata in una serie di gare in cui i concorrenti si incontrano a turno, fino alla designazione del vincitore finale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elimination tournament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tournament in which losers are eliminated in successive rounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open" + ], + "it": [ + "open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tournament in which both professionals and amateurs may play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playoff" + ], + "it": [ + "play-off", + "spareggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any final competition to determine a championship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of successive games played at a team's home field or court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Series" + ], + "it": [ + "World Series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "series that constitutes the playoff for the baseball championship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxing match" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro di pugilato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match between boxers; usually held in a boxing ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match between chess players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockfight" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "combattimento di galli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match in a cockpit between two fighting cocks heeled with metal gaffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match between two cricket teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diving", + "diving event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition that involves diving into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition that takes place on a field rather than on a running track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "final" + ], + "it": [ + "finalissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final match between the winners of all previous matches in an elimination tournament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup final" + ], + "it": [ + "finale di coppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final match of any cup competition (such as the annual final of the English soccer competition at Wembley)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterfinal" + ], + "it": [ + "quarti di finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four competitions in an elimination tournament whose winners go on to play in the semifinals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semifinal", + "semi" + ], + "it": [ + "semifinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two competitions in the next to the last round of an elimination tournament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round robin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tournament in which every contestant plays every other contestant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field trial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest between gun dogs to determine their proficiency in pointing and retrieving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "sports meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting at which a number of athletic contests are held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymkhana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meet at which riders and horses display a range of skills and aptitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular occasion on which a number of horse races are held on the same track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regatta" + ], + "it": [ + "regata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting for boat races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming meet", + "swim meet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimming competition between two or more teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track meet" + ], + "it": [ + "meeting di atletica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a track and field competition between two or more teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace performed on a track (indoor or outdoor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace run at top speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurdles", + "hurdling", + "hurdle race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace in which contestants must negotiate a series of hurdles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a footrace extending one mile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high jump" + ], + "it": [ + "salto in alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition that involves jumping as high as possible over a horizontal bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long jump", + "broad jump" + ], + "it": [ + "salto in lungo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition that involves jumping as far as possible from a running start" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole vault", + "pole vaulting", + "pole jump", + "pole jumping" + ], + "it": [ + "salto con l'asta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition that involves jumping over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot put" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition in which a heavy metal ball is hurled as far as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition in which a heavy metal ball that is attached to a flexible wire is hurled as far as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discus" + ], + "it": [ + "lancio del disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition in which a disk-shaped object is thrown as far as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "javelin" + ], + "it": [ + "lancio del giavellotto", + "giavellotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition in which a javelin is thrown as far as possible" + ], + "it": [ + "competizione sportiva nella quale un giavellotto viene lanciato il più lontano possibile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming event" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic competition that involves swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ], + "it": [ + "combattimento", + "gara", + "incontro", + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal contest in which two or more persons or teams compete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match between tennis players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test match", + "match game", + "matched game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international championship match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestling match" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "incontro di lotta libera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a match between wrestlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "pin" + ], + "it": [ + "atterramento", + "diroccamento", + "schienata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "when a wrestler's shoulders are forced to the mat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takedown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(amateur wrestling) being brought to the mat from a standing position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparring match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practice or exhibition boxing match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prizefight", + "prize fight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxing match between professional boxers for a cash prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple jump", + "hop-step-and-jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athletic contest in which a competitor must perform successively a hop and a step and a jump in continuous movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug-of-war" + ], + "it": [ + "tiro alla fune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest in which teams pull of opposite ends of a rope; the team dragged across a central line loses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tournament" + ], + "it": [ + "torneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of jousts between knights contesting for a prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i75999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joust", + "tilt" + ], + "it": [ + "giostra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combat between two mounted knights tilting against each other with blunted lances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race" + ], + "it": [ + "gara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arms race" + ], + "it": [ + "corsa agli armamenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competition between nations to have the most powerful armaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political campaign", + "campaign", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race between candidates for elective office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governor's race", + "campaign for governor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race for election to the governorship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senate campaign", + "senate race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race for election to the senate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victory", + "triumph" + ], + "it": [ + "successo", + "trionfo", + "vittoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a successful ending of a struggle or contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "independence" + ], + "it": [ + "Indipendenza Americana", + "indipendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the successful ending of the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landslide" + ], + "it": [ + "franamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming electoral victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last laugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ultimate success achieved after a near failure (inspired by the saying `he laughs best who laughs last')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrhic victory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victory that is won by incurring terrible losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam", + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "cappotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winning all or all but one of the tricks in bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand slam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winning all of the tricks in a hand of bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little slam", + "small slam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winning all but one of the tricks in a hand of bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runaway", + "blowout", + "romp", + "laugher", + "shoo-in", + "walkaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easy victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tennis game won on the opponent's service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defeat", + "licking" + ], + "it": [ + "sconfitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-in", + "waltz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assured victory (especially in an election)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverse", + "reversal", + "setback", + "blow", + "black eye" + ], + "it": [ + "batosta", + "inconveniente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate happening that hinders or impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whammy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious or devastating setback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartbreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow defeat or a defeat at the last minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decisive defeat in a game (especially in cribbage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout" + ], + "it": [ + "disfatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutout", + "skunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defeat in a game where one side fails to score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrashing", + "walloping", + "debacle", + "drubbing", + "slaughter", + "trouncing", + "whipping" + ], + "it": [ + "debacle", + "sfacelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a final crushing defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defeat in which the losing person or team fails to score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spelling bee", + "spelldown", + "spelling contest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contest in which you are eliminated if you fail to spell a word correctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a preliminary competition to determine qualifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(angling) an instance of a fish taking the bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "bonanza", + "gold rush", + "gravy", + "godsend", + "manna from heaven", + "windfall", + "bunce" + ], + "it": [ + "guadagno inatteso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden happening that brings good fortune (as a sudden opportunity to make money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "collapse" + ], + "it": [ + "crac", + "crollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden large decline of business or the prices of stocks (especially one that causes additional failures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loss of consciousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occurrence of a loss of the ability to perceive and respond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faint", + "swoon", + "syncope", + "deliquium" + ], + "it": [ + "basimento", + "deliquio", + "sdilinquimento", + "sturbo", + "svenimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood to the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lapse of mankind into sinfulness because of the sin of Adam and Eve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irretrievable loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) an event that causes a computer system to become inoperative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a crash of a read/write head in a hard disk drive (usually caused by contact of the head with the surface of the magnetic disk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp rise followed by a sharp decline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a following on in addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden event that imparts energy or excitement, usually with a dramatic impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zizz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buzzing or whizzing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotion" + ], + "it": [ + "commozione", + "emozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any strong feeling" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimento profondo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent illogical feeling of desire or aversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of considerable warmth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faintness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of faintness and of being ready to swoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul", + "soulfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "anima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep feeling or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passion", + "passionateness" + ], + "it": [ + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong feeling or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infatuation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foolish and usually extravagant passion or love or admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildness", + "abandon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of extreme emotional intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ardor", + "ardour", + "fervor", + "fervour", + "fervency", + "fire", + "fervidness" + ], + "it": [ + "ardore", + "bollore", + "calore", + "fervore", + "fiamma", + "fuoco", + "veemenza", + "vemenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of great warmth and intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storminess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent passion in speech or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zeal" + ], + "it": [ + "zelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive fervor to do something or accomplish some end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentiment" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extravagant or affected feeling or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mawkishness", + "bathos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insincere pathos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razbliuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sentimental feeling you have about someone you once loved but no longer do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a combination of emotions and impulses that have been rejected from awareness but still influence a person's behavior" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di pensieri, desideri, ricordi, in genere elaborati a livello inconscio, che si formano nell’infanzia (spesso in conseguenza a traumi emotivi) e influenzano la vita psichica dell’individuo adulto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oedipus complex", + "Oedipal complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di Edipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of males; desire to possess the mother sexually and to exclude the father; said to be a source of personality disorders if unresolved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Electra complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di Elettra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complex of females; sexual attraction to the father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferiority complex" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di inferiorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sense of personal inferiority arising from conflict between the desire to be noticed and the fear of being humiliated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambivalence", + "ambivalency" + ], + "it": [ + "ambivalenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixed feelings or emotions" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimenti od emozioni misti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict" + ], + "it": [ + "conflitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opposition between two simultaneous but incompatible feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apathy" + ], + "it": [ + "apatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence of emotion or enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotionlessness", + "impassivity", + "impassiveness", + "phlegm", + "indifference", + "stolidity", + "unemotionality" + ], + "it": [ + "indifferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apathy demonstrated by an absence of emotional reactions" + ], + "it": [ + "assenza di emozioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "languor", + "lassitude", + "listlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "languidezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of lack of interest or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state" + ], + "it": [ + "il sentimento che si accompagna ad uno stato di insoddisfazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambition", + "aspiration", + "dream" + ], + "it": [ + "ambizione", + "aspirazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cherished desire" + ], + "it": [ + "un desiderio che si ha a cuore", + "il suo sogno è quello di mettersi in proprio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Dream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the widespread aspiration of Americans to live better than their parents did" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulation" + ], + "it": [ + "emulazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ambition to equal or excel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aspiration for national independence felt by people under foreign domination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodlust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desire for bloodshed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temptation" + ], + "it": [ + "tentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the desire to have or do something that you know you should avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craving" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense desire for some particular thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appetite", + "appetency", + "appetence" + ], + "it": [ + "appetenza", + "appetito", + "desiderio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of craving something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appetite for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet tooth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong appetite for sweet food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addiction" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendenza", + "mania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally strong craving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish", + "wishing", + "want" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific feeling of desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velleity" + ], + "it": [ + "velleità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mere wish, unaccompanied by effort to obtain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longing", + "yearning", + "hungriness" + ], + "it": [ + "anelito", + "ansia", + "brama", + "bramosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolonged unfulfilled desire or need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hankering", + "yen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yearning for something or to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pining" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of deep longing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wishfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unrealistic yearning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wistfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sadly pensive longing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nostalgia" + ], + "it": [ + "desio", + "disio", + "nostalgia", + "rimpianto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "longing for something past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovesickness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pining for a loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homesickness" + ], + "it": [ + "nostalgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a longing to return home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex", + "sexual urge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the feelings resulting from the urge to gratify sexual impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual desire", + "eros", + "concupiscence", + "physical attraction" + ], + "it": [ + "concupiscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desire for sexual intimacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love", + "sexual love", + "erotic love" + ], + "it": [ + "amore", + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep feeling of sexual desire and attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphrodisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desire for heterosexual intimacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anaphrodisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decline or absence of sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passion" + ], + "it": [ + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of strong sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensuality", + "sensualness", + "sensualism" + ], + "it": [ + "sensualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desire for sensual pleasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorousness", + "eroticism", + "erotism", + "sexiness", + "amativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso sessuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arousal of feelings of sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of sexual desire in which gratification depends to an abnormal degree on some object or item of clothing or part of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libido" + ], + "it": [ + "libido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a Freudian term for sexual urge or desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecherousness", + "lust", + "lustfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "concupiscenza", + "cupidigia", + "desiderio", + "voglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymphomania" + ], + "it": [ + "andromania", + "ninfomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally intense sexual desire in women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satyriasis" + ], + "it": [ + "satiriasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormally intense sexual desire in men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the hots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense sexual desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prurience", + "pruriency", + "lasciviousness", + "carnality", + "lubricity" + ], + "it": [ + "carnalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling morbid sexual desire or a propensity to lewdness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urge", + "itch" + ], + "it": [ + "fregola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong restless desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caprice", + "impulse", + "whim" + ], + "it": [ + "capriccio", + "estro", + "fantasia", + "ghiribizzo", + "grillo", + "ruzzo", + "schiribizzo", + "sfizio", + "sghiribizzo", + "ticchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasure", + "pleasance" + ], + "it": [ + "gradimento", + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delight", + "delectation" + ], + "it": [ + "delizia", + "diletto", + "godimento", + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrancement", + "ravishment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of delight at being filled with wonder and enchantment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amusement" + ], + "it": [ + "divertimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of delight at being entertained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schadenfreude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delight in another person's misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoyment" + ], + "it": [ + "divertimento", + "godimento", + "gusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pleasure felt when having a good time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joie de vivre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a keen enjoyment of living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gusto", + "relish", + "zest", + "zestfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "gusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasantness" + ], + "it": [ + "amenità", + "gustosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling caused by agreeable stimuli; one pole of a continuum of states of feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterglow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pleasure of remembering some pleasant event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort" + ], + "it": [ + "serenità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolation", + "solace", + "solacement" + ], + "it": [ + "conforto", + "sostegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the comfort you feel when consoled in times of disappointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold comfort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very limited consolation or empathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver lining", + "bright side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato positivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consoling aspect of a difficult situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relief", + "alleviation", + "assuagement" + ], + "it": [ + "alleviamento", + "refrigerio", + "sollievo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexual pleasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasure derived from sexual activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algolagnia", + "algophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual pleasure derived from inflicting or experiencing pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadism" + ], + "it": [ + "sadismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual pleasure obtained by inflicting harm (physical or psychological) on others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadomasochism" + ], + "it": [ + "sadomasochismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadism and masochism combined in one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masochism" + ], + "it": [ + "masochismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sexual pleasure obtained from receiving punishment (physical or psychological)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain", + "painfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "dolore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional distress; a fundamental feeling that people try to avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growing pains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional distress arising during adolescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpleasantness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling caused by disagreeable stimuli; one pole of a continuum of states of feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pang", + "stab", + "twinge" + ], + "it": [ + "fitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden sharp feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilt pang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pangs of feeling guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mental anguish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sustained dull painful emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffering", + "hurt" + ], + "it": [ + "afflizione", + "dolore", + "male", + "patimento", + "pena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of mental or physical pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agony", + "torment", + "torture" + ], + "it": [ + "agonia", + "tormento", + "tortura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense feelings of suffering; acute mental or physical pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent pangs of suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discomfort", + "soreness", + "irritation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncomfortable feeling of mental painfulness or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soreness or irritation of the skin caused by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intertrigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chafing between two skin surfaces that are in contact (as in the armpit or under the breasts or between the thighs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress", + "hurt", + "suffering" + ], + "it": [ + "accoramento", + "accorazione", + "afflizione", + "angustia", + "dolore", + "sofferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychological suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anguish", + "torment", + "torture" + ], + "it": [ + "tormento", + "tormentone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extreme mental distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-torture", + "self-torment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-imposed distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsoris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) trouble and suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a figurative injury (to your feelings or pride)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liking" + ], + "it": [ + "gradimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of pleasure and enjoyment" + ], + "it": [ + "un sentimento di piacere e gioia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fondness", + "fancy", + "partiality" + ], + "it": [ + "debole", + "inclinazione", + "predilezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predisposition to like something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captivation", + "enchantment", + "enthrallment", + "fascination" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaliamento", + "attrattiva", + "attrazione", + "incanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of great liking for something wonderful and unusual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preference", + "penchant", + "predilection", + "taste" + ], + "it": [ + "gusto", + "preferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong liking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquired taste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preference that is only acquired after considerable experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakness" + ], + "it": [ + "debole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a penchant for something even though it might not be good for you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mysophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal attraction to filth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that toward which you are inclined to feel a liking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaning", + "propensity", + "tendency" + ], + "it": [ + "tendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination or liking for things involving conflict or difficulty or unpleasantness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclination contrary to the strongest or prevailing feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of liking for another person; enjoyment in their company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amicability", + "amicableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disinclination to quarrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good will", + "goodwill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the friendly hope that something will succeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brotherhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that men should treat one another like brothers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approval" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione", + "beneplacito", + "consenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of liking something or someone good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "favore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of favorable regard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approbation" + ], + "it": [ + "approvazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiration", + "esteem" + ], + "it": [ + "ammirazione", + "considerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of delighted approval and liking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglophilia" + ], + "it": [ + "anglofilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admiration for Britain and British customs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hero worship" + ], + "it": [ + "culto degli eroi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admiration for great men (or their memory)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philhellenism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admiration for Greece and the Greeks and Greek customs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philogyny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admiration for women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worship", + "adoration" + ], + "it": [ + "adorazione", + "culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of profound love and admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislike" + ], + "it": [ + "antipatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of aversion or antipathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinclination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that toward which you are inclined to feel dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglophobia" + ], + "it": [ + "anglofobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislike (or fear) of Britain and British customs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfriendliness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislike experienced as an absence of friendliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienation", + "disaffection", + "estrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "alienazione", + "disaffezione", + "estraneazione", + "estraniazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being alienated from other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being disliked and alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipathy", + "aversion", + "distaste" + ], + "it": [ + "antipatia", + "avversione", + "contrarietà", + "disgusto", + "fobia", + "idiosincrasia", + "renitenza", + "repugnanza", + "ripugnanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapproval" + ], + "it": [ + "disapprovazione", + "riprovazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of disliking something or what someone is doing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contempt", + "disdain", + "scorn", + "despite" + ], + "it": [ + "disdegno", + "dispregio", + "disprezzo", + "sdegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgust" + ], + "it": [ + "disgusto", + "nausea", + "repugnanza", + "ribrezzo", + "ripugnanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong feelings of dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abhorrence", + "abomination", + "detestation", + "execration", + "loathing", + "odium" + ], + "it": [ + "abbominazione", + "abborrimento", + "abominazione", + "aborrimento", + "odio", + "orrore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hate coupled with disgust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creepy-crawlies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of dislike and anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scunner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repugnance", + "repulsion", + "revulsion", + "horror" + ], + "it": [ + "avversione", + "disgusto", + "orrore", + "raccapriccio", + "repugnanza", + "repulsione", + "ribrezzo", + "ripugnanza", + "ripulsione", + "schifo", + "sgomento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense aversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nausea" + ], + "it": [ + "voltastomaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disgust so strong it makes you feel sick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technophobia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislike for new technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratitude" + ], + "it": [ + "gratitudine", + "riconoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratefulness", + "thankfulness", + "appreciativeness" + ], + "it": [ + "riconoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm friendly feelings of gratitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingratitude", + "ungratefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "disconoscenza", + "ingratitudine", + "sconoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lack of gratitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concern" + ], + "it": [ + "interessamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sympathy for someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cause for feeling concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitude", + "solicitousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of excessive concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softheartedness", + "tenderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of concern for the welfare of someone (especially someone defenseless)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconcern" + ], + "it": [ + "indifferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of lack of concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indifference" + ], + "it": [ + "disamore", + "disinteresse", + "indifferenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unbiased impartial unconcern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance", + "aloofness" + ], + "it": [ + "distanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indifference by personal withdrawal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawal", + "detachment" + ], + "it": [ + "distacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoiding emotional involvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartlessness", + "coldheartedness", + "hardheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absence of concern for the welfare of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruelty", + "mercilessness", + "pitilessness", + "ruthlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "crudeltà", + "ferocia", + "inumanità", + "spietatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of extreme heartlessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shame" + ], + "it": [ + "vergogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt" + ], + "it": [ + "un sentimento doloroso risultante da una consapevolezza di inadeguatezza o colpa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscience" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of shame when you do something immoral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-disgust", + "self-hatred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shame resulting from strong dislike of yourself or your actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embarrassment" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "imbarazzo", + "vergogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shame you feel when your inadequacy or guilt is made public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-consciousness", + "uneasiness", + "uncomfortableness" + ], + "it": [ + "disagio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embarrassment deriving from the feeling that others are critically aware of you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamefacedness", + "sheepishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling embarrassed about yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chagrin", + "humiliation", + "mortification" + ], + "it": [ + "mortificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong feelings of embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confusion", + "discombobulation" + ], + "it": [ + "confusione", + "smarrimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of embarrassment that leaves you confused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abashment", + "bashfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "modestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling embarrassed due to modesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discomfiture", + "discomposure", + "disconcertion", + "disconcertment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anxious embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride", + "pridefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "orgoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of self-respect and personal worth" + ], + "it": [ + "un sentimento di auto-stima e valore personale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-esteem", + "self-pride" + ], + "it": [ + "autostima", + "stima di sé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of pride in yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ego", + "egotism", + "self-importance" + ], + "it": [ + "egotismo", + "ego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amour propre", + "conceit", + "self-love", + "vanity" + ], + "it": [ + "boria", + "vanagloria", + "vanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of excessive pride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humility", + "humbleness" + ], + "it": [ + "umiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humble feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meekness", + "submission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of patient, submissive humbleness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-depreciation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being of little worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astonishment", + "amazement" + ], + "it": [ + "attonimento", + "meraviglia", + "sbalordimento", + "sbigottimento", + "sconcerto", + "stupefazione", + "stupore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devastation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being confounded or overwhelmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder", + "wonderment", + "admiration" + ], + "it": [ + "meraviglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awe" + ], + "it": [ + "meraviglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming feeling of wonder or admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise" + ], + "it": [ + "sorpresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupefaction" + ], + "it": [ + "intontimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of stupefied astonishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daze", + "shock", + "stupor" + ], + "it": [ + "choc", + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that something is about to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipation", + "expectancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expectation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excited anticipation of an approaching climax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense nervous anticipation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nervous excitement of an inexperienced hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold fever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greed and the contagious excitement of a gold rush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope" + ], + "it": [ + "speranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific instance of feeling hopeful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling an inappropriate lack of seriousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaiety", + "playfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "allegria", + "gaiezzza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a festive merry feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravity", + "solemnity" + ], + "it": [ + "compunzione", + "ieraticità", + "solennità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solemn and dignified feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earnestness", + "seriousness", + "sincerity" + ], + "it": [ + "genuinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an earnest and sincere feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity", + "sensitiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity to emotional feelings (of self and others)" + ], + "it": [ + "sensibilità alle emozioni, proprie e degli altri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversensitiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sensitivity leading to easy irritation or upset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refined sensitivity to pleasurable or painful impressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feelings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insight", + "perceptiveness", + "perceptivity" + ], + "it": [ + "comprensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensuousness" + ], + "it": [ + "sensualità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sensuous feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitation" + ], + "it": [ + "agitazione", + "imbizzarrimento", + "inquietudine", + "irrequietezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being agitated; not calm" + ], + "it": [ + "il sentimento di essere agitato", + "non calmo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unrest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of restless agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fidget", + "fidgetiness", + "restlessness" + ], + "it": [ + "smania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of agitation expressed in continual motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impatience" + ], + "it": [ + "impazienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restless desire for change and excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stewing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme state of worry and agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotional agitation and excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumult", + "turmoil" + ], + "it": [ + "concitamento", + "concitazione", + "foga", + "infervoramento", + "oppure agitazione", + "ribollimento", + "ridda", + "tumulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keen and shared excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensation" + ], + "it": [ + "sensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general feeling of excitement and heightened interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calmness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of calm; an absence of agitation or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placidity", + "placidness" + ], + "it": [ + "pacatezza", + "placidità", + "posatezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of calmness; a quiet and undisturbed feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coolness", + "imperturbability", + "imperturbableness" + ], + "it": [ + "flemma", + "freddezza", + "impassibilità", + "imperturbabilità", + "seraficità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calm and unruffled self-assurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tranquillity", + "tranquility", + "quietness", + "quietude" + ], + "it": [ + "calma", + "quiete", + "tranquillità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of peace and quiet" + ], + "it": [ + "situazione che permette uno stato d'animo rilassato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peace", + "peacefulness", + "peace of mind", + "repose", + "serenity", + "heartsease", + "ataraxis" + ], + "it": [ + "calma", + "serenità", + "pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absence of mental stress or anxiety" + ], + "it": [ + "l'assenza di stress mentali", + "stato d'animo di tranquillità interiore, non turbato da ansie e preoccupazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easiness", + "relaxation" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandono", + "rilassamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of refreshing tranquility and an absence of tension or worry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "languor", + "dreaminess" + ], + "it": [ + "languore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relaxed comfortable feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anger", + "choler", + "ire" + ], + "it": [ + "collera", + "rabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dudgeon", + "high dudgeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense indignation (now used only in the phrase `in high dudgeon')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense anger (usually on an epic scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fury", + "rage", + "madness" + ], + "it": [ + "accanimento", + "bile", + "furia", + "furore", + "ira", + "collera", + "rabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lividity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of fury so great the face becomes discolored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infuriation", + "enragement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrage", + "offense", + "offence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of anger caused by being offended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indignation", + "outrage" + ], + "it": [ + "indignazione", + "sdegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of righteous anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huffiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a passing state of anger and resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dander", + "hackles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of anger and animosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad temper", + "ill temper" + ], + "it": [ + "mal umore", + "malumore", + "nervoso", + "paturne", + "paturnie", + "stizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persisting angry mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annoyance", + "chafe", + "vexation" + ], + "it": [ + "esasperazione", + "irritazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anger produced by some annoying irritation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pique", + "temper", + "irritation" + ], + "it": [ + "incocciatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden outburst of anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frustration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggravation", + "exasperation" + ], + "it": [ + "esasperazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exasperated feeling of annoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harassment", + "torment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense annoyance caused by being tormented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear", + "fearfulness", + "fright" + ], + "it": [ + "fifa", + "paura", + "spavento", + "terrore", + "timore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)" + ], + "it": [ + "una emozione che si prova prima di qualche specifico dolore o pericolo (solitamente accompagnato da desiderio di fuggire o combattere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarm", + "dismay", + "consternation" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme", + "smarrimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fear resulting from the awareness of danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of fear and revulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frisson", + "shiver", + "chill", + "quiver", + "shudder", + "thrill", + "tingle" + ], + "it": [ + "brivido", + "fremito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an almost pleasurable sensation of fright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horror" + ], + "it": [ + "orrore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense and profound fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excessive or uncontrollable fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic", + "terror", + "affright" + ], + "it": [ + "panico", + "terrore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a panic or extreme discomposure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear", + "reverence", + "awe", + "veneration" + ], + "it": [ + "venerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of profound respect for someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scare", + "panic attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden attack of fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage fright" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fear that affects a person about to face an audience" + ], + "it": [ + "panico prima di andare in scena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprehension", + "apprehensiveness", + "dread" + ], + "it": [ + "allarme", + "apprensione", + "timore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fearful expectation or anticipation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trepidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of alarm or dread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreboding", + "premonition", + "presentiment", + "boding" + ], + "it": [ + "intuizione", + "presentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of evil to come" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a premonition of something adverse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presage" + ], + "it": [ + "annuncio", + "annunzio", + "presentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foreboding about what is about to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apprehension about what is going to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timidity", + "timidness", + "timorousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fear of the unknown or unfamiliar or fear of making decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold feet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timidity that prevents the continuation of a course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shyness" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrosia", + "timidezza", + "timidità", + "vergogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of fear of embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffidence", + "self-doubt", + "self-distrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack of self-confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hesitance", + "hesitancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of diffidence and indecision about doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unassertiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diffidence about self promotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intimidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being intimidated; being made to feel afraid or timid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiety" + ], + "it": [ + "affanno", + "angoscia", + "ansia", + "ansietà", + "apprensione", + "batticuore", + "preoccupazione", + "trepidanza", + "trepidazione", + "trepidezza", + "turbamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vague unpleasant emotion that is experienced in anticipation of some (usually ill-defined) misfortune" + ], + "it": [ + "una vaga, spiacevole emozione che si prova prima di qualche (solitamente non ben definita) disgrazia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry", + "trouble" + ], + "it": [ + "affanno", + "angoscia", + "angustia", + "cruccio", + "patema", + "pensiero", + "preoccupazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong feeling of anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concern", + "care", + "fear" + ], + "it": [ + "pensiero", + "timore", + "preoccupazione", + "paura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anxious feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anxiousness", + "disquiet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of mild anxiety about possible developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insecurity" + ], + "it": [ + "insicurezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anxiety you experience when you feel vulnerable and insecure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edginess", + "uneasiness", + "inquietude", + "disquietude" + ], + "it": [ + "inquietudine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of uneasiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinking", + "sinking feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling caused by uneasiness or apprehension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple", + "qualm", + "misgiving" + ], + "it": [ + "scrupolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uneasiness about the fitness of an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitteriness", + "jumpiness", + "nervousness", + "restiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the anxious feeling you have when you have the jitters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acute but unspecific feeling of anxiety; usually reserved for philosophical anxiety about the world or about personal freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fearlessness", + "bravery" + ], + "it": [ + "coraggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling no fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freedom from anxiety or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidence" + ], + "it": [ + "affidamento", + "buona fede", + "buonafede", + "fede", + "fiducia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of trust (in someone or something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happiness" + ], + "it": [ + "contentezza", + "contento", + "felicità", + "gioiosità", + "lietezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotions experienced when in a state of well-being" + ], + "it": [ + "emozione provata quando si è in uno stato di benessere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonheur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(French) happiness and good humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladness", + "gladfulness", + "gladsomeness" + ], + "it": [ + "gioia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experiencing joy and pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joy", + "joyousness", + "joyfulness" + ], + "it": [ + "gaudio", + "gioia", + "letizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emotion of great happiness" + ], + "it": [ + "emozione di grande felicità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elation", + "high spirits", + "lightness" + ], + "it": [ + "euforia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of joy and pride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exultation", + "jubilance", + "jubilancy", + "jubilation" + ], + "it": [ + "esultanza", + "esultazione", + "gioia", + "giolito", + "giubilo", + "gongolamento", + "tripudio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of extreme joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triumph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exultation of victory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhilaration", + "excitement" + ], + "it": [ + "effervescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of lively and cheerful joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang", + "boot", + "charge", + "rush", + "flush", + "thrill", + "kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the swift release of a store of affective force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intoxication" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excitement and elation beyond the bounds of sobriety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titillation" + ], + "it": [ + "titillamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tingling feeling of excitement (as from teasing or tickling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphoria", + "euphory" + ], + "it": [ + "euforia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of great (usually exaggerated) elation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaiety", + "merriment" + ], + "it": [ + "allegria", + "gaiezza", + "allegrezza", + "allegranza", + "rallegranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gay feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilarity", + "mirth", + "mirthfulness", + "glee", + "gleefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "ilarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great merriment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejoicing" + ], + "it": [ + "giubilo", + "rallegramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of great happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jocundity", + "jocularity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling facetious merriment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belonging" + ], + "it": [ + "appartenenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happiness felt in a secure relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfortableness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being at ease in a relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closeness", + "intimacy" + ], + "it": [ + "intimità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being intimate and belonging together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "togetherness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affectionate closeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerfulness", + "blitheness" + ], + "it": [ + "allegria", + "giocondità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of spontaneous good spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoyancy", + "perkiness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheerfulness that bubbles to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carefreeness", + "insouciance", + "lightheartedness", + "lightsomeness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cheerful feeling you have when nothing is troubling you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contentment" + ], + "it": [ + "contentezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happiness with one's situation in life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride" + ], + "it": [ + "orgoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfaction with your (or another's) achievements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complacency", + "complacence", + "self-complacency", + "self-satisfaction" + ], + "it": [ + "autocompiacimento", + "narcisismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling you have when you are satisfied with yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smugness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessive feeling of self-satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulfillment", + "fulfilment" + ], + "it": [ + "accontentamento", + "appagamento", + "contentamento", + "contentatura", + "godibilità", + "soddisfacimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of satisfaction at having achieved your desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloat", + "gloating", + "glee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malicious satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadness", + "unhappiness" + ], + "it": [ + "infelicità", + "tristezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadness caused by grief or affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaviness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persisting sadness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melancholy" + ], + "it": [ + "amarezza", + "mestizia", + "rammarico", + "malinconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of thoughtful sadness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloom", + "gloominess", + "somberness", + "sombreness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of melancholy apprehension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavyheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of dispirited melancholy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pensiveness", + "brooding" + ], + "it": [ + "pensosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent morbid meditation on a problem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world-weariness", + "Weltschmerz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadness on thinking about the evils of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woe", + "woefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense mournfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misery" + ], + "it": [ + "miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of intense unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forlornness", + "loneliness", + "desolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadness resulting from being forsaken or abandoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weepiness", + "tearfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadness expressed by weeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrow" + ], + "it": [ + "dolore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement" + ], + "it": [ + "emozione di grande tristezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attrition", + "contrition", + "contriteness" + ], + "it": [ + "attrizione", + "pentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sorrow for sin arising from fear of damnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broken heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devastating sorrow and despair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grief", + "heartache", + "heartbreak", + "brokenheartedness" + ], + "it": [ + "crepacuore", + "struggicuore", + "struggimento", + "dolore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mournfulness", + "sorrowfulness", + "ruthfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of gloomy sorrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaintiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expressing sorrowfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolor", + "dolour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(poetry) painful grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrow", + "regret", + "rue", + "ruefulness" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacere", + "pentimento", + "rincrescimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compunction", + "remorse", + "self-reproach" + ], + "it": [ + "compunzione", + "rimordimento", + "rimorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of deep regret (usually for some misdeed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guilt", + "guilty conscience", + "guilt feelings", + "guilt trip" + ], + "it": [ + "colpa", + "senso di colpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remorse caused by feeling responsible for some offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivor guilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep feeling of guilt often experienced by those who have survived some catastrophe that took the lives of many others; derives in part from a feeling that they did not do enough to save the others who perished and in part from feelings of being unworthy relative to those who died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repentance", + "penitence", + "penance" + ], + "it": [ + "penitenza", + "pentimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remorse for your past conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerlessness", + "uncheerfulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of dreary or pessimistic sadness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chill", + "pall" + ], + "it": [ + "gelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden numbing dread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joylessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of dismal cheerlessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depression" + ], + "it": [ + "depressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy" + ], + "it": [ + "a causa dell'abbassamento della pressione del sangue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downheartedness", + "dejectedness", + "low-spiritedness", + "lowness", + "dispiritedness" + ], + "it": [ + "scoramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of low spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demoralization", + "demoralisation" + ], + "it": [ + "demoralizzazione", + "frustrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depression resulting from an undermining of your morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helplessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being unable to manage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-pity" + ], + "it": [ + "autocommiserazione", + "vittimismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sorrow (often self-indulgent) over your own sufferings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despondency", + "despondence", + "heartsickness", + "disconsolateness" + ], + "it": [ + "abbacchiamento", + "abbattimento", + "magone", + "scoramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling downcast and disheartened and hopeless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppression", + "oppressiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of being oppressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressive feeling of heavy force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontentment", + "discontent", + "discontentedness" + ], + "it": [ + "mal umore", + "malumore", + "malcontento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a longing for something better than the present situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgruntlement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sulky discontent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dysphoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abnormal depression and discontent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissatisfaction" + ], + "it": [ + "insoddisfazione", + "mal umore", + "malcontento", + "malumore", + "scontento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being displeased and discontent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boredom", + "ennui", + "tedium" + ], + "it": [ + "noia", + "stanchezza", + "tedio", + "uggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being bored by something tedious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blahs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general feeling of boredom and dissatisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(always used with a modifier) boredom resulting from overexposure to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displeasure" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacere", + "scontentezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being displeased or annoyed or dissatisfied with someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappointment", + "letdown" + ], + "it": [ + "delusione", + "disappunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frustration", + "defeat" + ], + "it": [ + "frustrazione", + "sconfitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope" + ], + "it": [ + "speranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general feeling that some desire will be fulfilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling you have when you have hope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encouragement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of being encouraged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimism" + ], + "it": [ + "ottimismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanguinity", + "sanguineness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling sanguine; optimistically cheerful and confident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despair" + ], + "it": [ + "costernazione", + "disconforto", + "disperazione", + "sconforto", + "sconsolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that everything is wrong and nothing will turn out well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopelessness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the despair you feel when you have abandoned hope of comfort or success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resignation", + "surrender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptance of despair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defeatism" + ], + "it": [ + "disfattismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acceptance of the inevitability of defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discouragement", + "disheartenment", + "dismay" + ], + "it": [ + "avvilimento", + "scoramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of despair in the face of obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intimidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of discouragement in the face of someone's superior fame or wealth or status etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pessimism" + ], + "it": [ + "pessimismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that things will turn out badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynicism" + ], + "it": [ + "cinismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cynical feeling of distrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love" + ], + "it": [ + "amore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong positive emotion of regard and affection" + ], + "it": [ + "una forte emozione positiva di cura e affetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agape", + "agape love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selfless love of one person for another without sexual implications (especially love that is spiritual in nature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christian theology) the love of God or Christ for mankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filial love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the love of a child for a parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ardor", + "ardour" + ], + "it": [ + "ardore", + "passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense feeling of love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorousness", + "enamoredness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of love or fondness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppy love", + "calf love", + "crush", + "infatuation" + ], + "it": [ + "cotta", + "infatuazione giovanile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "temporary love of an adolescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devotion", + "devotedness" + ], + "it": [ + "devozione", + "divozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of ardent love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affection", + "affectionateness", + "fondness", + "tenderness", + "heart", + "warmness", + "warmheartedness", + "philia" + ], + "it": [ + "affetto", + "affezione", + "amore", + "attaccamento", + "bene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positive feeling of liking" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimento di benevolenza per qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attachment", + "fond regard" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of affection for a person or an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of protective affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regard", + "respect" + ], + "it": [ + "considerazione", + "rispetto", + "stima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of friendship and esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sentimental affection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benevolence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disposition to do good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beneficence" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficenza", + "beneficienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing good; feeling beneficent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartstrings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your deepest feelings of love and compassion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovingness", + "caring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loving feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warmheartedness", + "warmth" + ], + "it": [ + "calore", + "calorosità", + "cordialità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warmhearted feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loyalty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of allegiance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hate", + "hatred" + ], + "it": [ + "odio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action" + ], + "it": [ + "il sentimento dell'odio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misanthropy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of mankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misogamy" + ], + "it": [ + "misogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misogyny", + "misogynism" + ], + "it": [ + "misoginia", + "misoginismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misoneism" + ], + "it": [ + "misoneismo", + "neofobia", + "passatismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of change or innovation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misocainea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of new ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misopedia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hatred of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murderousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bloodthirsty hatred arousing murderous impulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despisal", + "despising" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of scornful hatred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostility", + "enmity", + "ill will" + ], + "it": [ + "inimicizia", + "ostilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling of a hostile person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animosity", + "animus", + "bad blood" + ], + "it": [ + "animosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of ill will arousing active hostility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feelings of envy and resentment of one social or economic class for toward another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actively expressed feeling of dislike and hostility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggression", + "aggressiveness" + ], + "it": [ + "aggressività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of hostility that arouses thoughts of attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belligerence", + "belligerency" + ], + "it": [ + "bellicosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hostile or warlike attitude or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warpath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hostile or belligerent mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resentment", + "bitterness", + "gall", + "rancor", + "rancour" + ], + "it": [ + "acredine", + "agro", + "amaro", + "astio", + "astiosità", + "cruccio", + "fiele", + "livore", + "mal animo", + "malanimo", + "rancore", + "rancura", + "risentimento", + "amarezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartburning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intense resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulkiness", + "huffishness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sulky resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grudge", + "score", + "grievance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resentment strong enough to justify retaliation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envy", + "enviousness" + ], + "it": [ + "invidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of grudging admiration and desire to have something that is possessed by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covetousness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an envious eagerness to possess something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jealousy", + "green-eyed monster" + ], + "it": [ + "gelosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of jealous envy (especially of a rival)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penis envy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a female's presumed envy of the male's penis; said to explain femininity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malevolence", + "malignity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wishing evil to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maleficence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doing or causing evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malice", + "maliciousness", + "spite", + "spitefulness", + "venom" + ], + "it": [ + "malignità", + "malizia", + "malvagità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling a need to see others suffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vindictiveness", + "vengefulness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malevolent desire for revenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper", + "mood", + "humor", + "humour" + ], + "it": [ + "umore", + "umorismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling" + ], + "it": [ + "una caratteristica psicologica o uno stato mentale abituale di una persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annoyed or irritated mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulk", + "sulkiness" + ], + "it": [ + "broncio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mood or display of sullen aloofness or withdrawal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good humor", + "good humour", + "good temper", + "amiability" + ], + "it": [ + "amabilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheerful and agreeable mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jollity", + "jolliness", + "joviality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling jolly and jovial and full of good humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ill humor", + "ill humour", + "distemper" + ], + "it": [ + "mal umore", + "malumore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angry and disagreeable mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moodiness" + ], + "it": [ + "avere la luna", + "luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sullen gloomy feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moroseness", + "glumness", + "sullenness" + ], + "it": [ + "tetraggine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gloomy ill-tempered feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irascibility", + "short temper", + "spleen", + "quick temper" + ], + "it": [ + "stizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of resentful anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritability", + "crossness", + "fretfulness", + "fussiness", + "peevishness", + "petulance", + "choler" + ], + "it": [ + "irritabilità", + "nervosismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irritable petulant feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testiness", + "touchiness", + "tetchiness" + ], + "it": [ + "alterabilità", + "irascibilità", + "ombrosità", + "permalosità", + "suscettibilità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feeling easily irritated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fit of petulance or sulkiness (especially at what is felt to be a slight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathy", + "fellow feeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharing the feelings of others (especially feelings of sorrow or anguish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindheartedness", + "kind-heartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sympathy arising from a kind heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compassion", + "compassionateness" + ], + "it": [ + "compassione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep awareness of and sympathy for another's suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commiseration", + "pity", + "ruth", + "pathos" + ], + "it": [ + "commiserazione", + "misericordia", + "pena", + "pietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellowness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kindheartedness through maturity or old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderness", + "tenderheartedness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm compassionate feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercifulness", + "mercy" + ], + "it": [ + "compassione", + "mercé", + "misericordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the feeling that motivates compassion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgiveness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compassionate feelings that support a willingness to forgive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compatibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of sympathetic understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empathy" + ], + "it": [ + "empatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understanding and entering into another's feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthusiasm" + ], + "it": [ + "amore", + "esaltazione", + "entusiasmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of excitement" + ], + "it": [ + "sentimento di eccitazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagerness", + "avidity", + "avidness", + "keenness" + ], + "it": [ + "ardore", + "avidità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positive feeling of wanting to push ahead with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ardor", + "ardour", + "elan", + "zeal" + ], + "it": [ + "ardore", + "calore", + "fervore", + "impegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exuberance" + ], + "it": [ + "esuberanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joyful enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technophilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enthusiasm for new technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food", + "solid food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any solid substance (as opposed to liquid) that is used as a source of nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that is simply prepared and gives a sense of wellbeing; typically food with a high sugar or carbohydrate content that is associated with childhood or with home cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comestible", + "edible", + "eatable", + "pabulum", + "victual", + "victuals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any substance that can be used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eatables (especially sweets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course" + ], + "it": [ + "pietanza", + "portata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of a meal served at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dainty", + "delicacy", + "goody", + "kickshaw", + "treat" + ], + "it": [ + "bocconcino", + "ghiottoneria", + "golosità", + "leccornia", + "mangiarino", + "manicaretto", + "manna", + "squisitezza", + "boccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something considered choice to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish" + ], + "it": [ + "piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular item of prepared food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inexpensive food (hamburgers or chicken or milkshakes) prepared and served quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food to be eaten with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid and liquid nourishment taken into the body through the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kosher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that fulfills the requirements of Jewish dietary law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare" + ], + "it": [ + "vitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the food and drink that are regularly served or consumed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentazione", + "cibarie", + "dieta", + "regime", + "regime alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet" + ], + "it": [ + "dieta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prescribed selection of foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dietary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulated daily food allowance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergy diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet designed to avoid the foods that you are allergic to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balanced diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet that contains adequate amounts of all the necessary nutrients required for healthy growth and activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bland diet", + "ulcer diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet of foods that are not irritating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear liquid diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet of fluids with minimal residues (fat-free broth or strained fruit juices or gelatin); cannot be used for more than one day postoperative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetic diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet designed to help control the symptoms of diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dietary supplement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to complete a diet or to make up for a dietary deficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbohydrate loading", + "carbo loading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet of foods high in starch that increases carbohydrate reserves in muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fad diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reducing diet that enjoys temporary popularity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluten-free diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diet prescribed to treat celiac disease; eliminates such foods as wheat and rye and oats and beans and cabbage and turnips and cucumbers that are rich in gluten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-protein diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet high in plant and animal proteins; used to treat malnutrition or to increase muscle mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-vitamin diet", + "vitamin-deficiency diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet designed to patients with vitamin deficiencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leftovers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food remaining from a previous meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diet prescribed for bedridden or convalescent people; does not include fried or highly seasoned foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquid diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet of foods that can be served in liquid or strained form (plus custards or puddings); prescribed after certain kinds of surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-calorie diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet that is low on calories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-fat diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet containing limited amounts of fat and stressing foods high in carbohydrates; used in treatment of some gallbladder conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-sodium diet", + "low-salt diet", + "salt-free diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet that limits the intake of salt (sodium chloride); often used in treating hypertension or edema or certain other disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrobiotic diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet consisting chiefly of beans and whole grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reducing diet", + "obesity diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet designed to help you lose weight (especially fat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft diet", + "pap", + "spoon food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet that does not require chewing; advised for those with intestinal disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetarianism" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetarianismo", + "vegetarismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diet excluding all meat and fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menu" + ], + "it": [ + "menù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dishes making up a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chow", + "chuck", + "eats", + "grub" + ], + "it": [ + "chow chow", + "cibo", + "pasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board", + "table" + ], + "it": [ + "cibo", + "vitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food or meals in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "training table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "planned meals for athletes in training (usually served in a mess hall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess" + ], + "it": [ + "rancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meal eaten in a mess hall by service personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ration" + ], + "it": [ + "razione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field ration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rations issued for United States troops in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "K ration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small package of emergency rations; issued to United States troops in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C-ration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canned field ration issued by the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foodstuff", + "food product" + ], + "it": [ + "cibarie", + "prodotto alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance that can be used or prepared for use as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foodstuff rich in natural starch (especially potatoes, rice, bread)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadstuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flour or meal or grain used in baking bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloring", + "colouring", + "food coloring", + "food colouring", + "food color", + "food colour" + ], + "it": [ + "colorante", + "colorante alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a digestible substance used to give color to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrate" + ], + "it": [ + "concentrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentrated form of a foodstuff; the bulk is reduced by removing water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentrated form of tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meal" + ], + "it": [ + "macinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarsely ground foodstuff; especially seeds of various cereal grasses or pulse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarsely ground grain in the form of pellets (as for pet food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornmeal", + "Indian meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarsely ground corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine meal made from cereal grain especially wheat; often used as a cooked cereal or in puddings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matzo meal", + "matzoh meal", + "matzah meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meal made from ground matzos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oatmeal", + "rolled oats" + ], + "it": [ + "farina d'avena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meal made from rolled or ground oats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meal made from dried peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meal made of finely ground corn mixed with sugar and spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughage", + "fiber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse, indigestible plant food low in nutrients; its bulk stimulates intestinal peristalsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bran" + ], + "it": [ + "crusca", + "semola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared from the husks of cereal grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour" + ], + "it": [ + "farina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine powdery foodstuff obtained by grinding and sifting the meal of a cereal grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flour that does not contain a raising agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flour prepared from wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole wheat flour", + "graham flour", + "graham", + "whole meal flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flour made by grinding the entire wheat berry including the bran; (`whole meal flour' is British usage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soybean meal", + "soybean flour", + "soy flour" + ], + "it": [ + "farina di soia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meal made from soybeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semolina" + ], + "it": [ + "semolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milled product of durum wheat (or other hard wheat) used in pasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried and powdered blood of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluten" + ], + "it": [ + "glutine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protein substance that remains when starch is removed from cereal grains; gives cohesiveness to dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn gluten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gluten prepared from corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn gluten feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feed consisting primarily of corn gluten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat gluten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gluten prepared from wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutriment", + "nourishment", + "nutrition", + "sustenance", + "aliment", + "alimentation", + "victuals" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentazione", + "alimento", + "nutrimento", + "nutrizione", + "sostentazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of materials to nourish the body" + ], + "it": [ + "una fonte di nutrimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuisine", + "culinary art" + ], + "it": [ + "cucina", + "culinaria", + "gastronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the practice or manner of preparing food or the food so prepared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dim sum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traditional Chinese cuisine; a variety of foods (including several kinds of steamed or fried dumplings) are served successively in small portions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haute cuisine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(French) an elaborate and skillful manner of preparing food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nouvelle cuisine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of French cooking that uses light sauces and tries to bring out the natural flavors of foods instead of making heavy use of butter and cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rechauffe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warmed leftovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastronomy" + ], + "it": [ + "gastronomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular style of cookery (as of a region)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissariat", + "provisions", + "provender", + "viands", + "victuals" + ], + "it": [ + "cibaria", + "provviste", + "fornitura", + "magazzino", + "rifornimenti", + "spaccio", + "vettovaglie", + "rifornimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock or supply of foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food cache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food in a secure or hidden storage place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supply of food especially for a household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh food", + "fresh foods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that is not preserved by canning or dehydration or freezing or smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen food", + "frozen foods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food preserved by freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canned food", + "canned foods", + "canned goods", + "tinned goods" + ], + "it": [ + "scatolame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food preserved by canning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canned meat", + "tinned meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat preserved in a can or tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fanny Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nautical term for tinned meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canned meat made largely from pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydrated food", + "dehydrated foods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food preserved by dehydration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substantial and nourishing meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meal", + "repast" + ], + "it": [ + "cibo", + "mangiare", + "pasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the food served and eaten at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potluck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whatever happens to be available especially when offered to an unexpected guest or when brought by guests and shared by all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refection" + ], + "it": [ + "refezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light meal or repast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refreshment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snacks and drinks served as a light meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast" + ], + "it": [ + "colazione", + "prima colazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first meal of the day (usually in the morning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental breakfast", + "petit dejeuner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breakfast that usually includes a roll and coffee or tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combination breakfast and lunch; usually served in late morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunch", + "luncheon", + "tiffin", + "dejeuner" + ], + "it": [ + "colazione", + "desinare", + "pranzo", + "seconda colazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midday meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business lunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lunch (usually at a restaurant) where business is discussed and the cost is charged as a business expense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substantial early evening meal including tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea", + "afternoon tea", + "teatime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light midafternoon meal of tea and sandwiches or cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner" + ], + "it": [ + "desinare", + "cena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday" + ], + "it": [ + "il pasto della sera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supper" + ], + "it": [ + "cena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime" + ], + "it": [ + "il pasto della sera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffet" + ], + "it": [ + "buffet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meal set out on a buffet at which guests help themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "TV dinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meal that is prepared in advance and frozen; can be heated and served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picnic" + ], + "it": [ + "picnic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any informal meal eaten outside or on an excursion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookout" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal meal cooked and eaten outdoors" + ], + "it": [ + "pranzo cucinato all'aperto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecue", + "barbeque" + ], + "it": [ + "barbecue", + "grigliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookout in which food is cooked over an open fire; especially a whole animal carcass roasted on a spit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clambake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookout at the seashore where clams and fish and other foods are cooked--usually on heated stones covered with seaweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookout where fried fish is the main course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiener roast", + "weenie roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookout where roasted frankfurters are the main course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite", + "collation", + "snack" + ], + "it": [ + "pasto leggero", + "ritocchino", + "spuntino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light informal meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a snack or light meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosh-up" + ], + "it": [ + "abboffata", + "abbuffata", + "mangiata", + "scorpacciata", + "strippata", + "sventrata", + "ventrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large satisfying meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ploughman's lunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meal consisting of a sandwich of bread and cheese and a salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee break", + "tea break" + ], + "it": [ + "intervallo", + "pausa caffè", + "pausa sul lavoro", + "pausa per il caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a snack taken during a break in the work day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banquet", + "feast", + "spread" + ], + "it": [ + "banchetto", + "festino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meal that is well prepared and greatly enjoyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helping", + "portion", + "serving" + ], + "it": [ + "porzione", + "razione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "mouthful" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount eaten or drunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morsel", + "bit", + "bite" + ], + "it": [ + "boccone", + "morso", + "pezzetto", + "tozzo", + "zinzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount of solid food; a mouthful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow", + "sup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount of liquid food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chew", + "chaw", + "cud", + "quid", + "plug", + "wad" + ], + "it": [ + "cicca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wad of something chewable as tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entree", + "main course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal dish of a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece de resistance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important dish of a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a main course served on a plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adobo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish of marinated vegetables and meat or fish; served with rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side dish", + "side order", + "entremets" + ], + "it": [ + "entremets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish that is served with, but is subordinate to, a main course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish or meal given prominence in e.g. a restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casserole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food cooked and served in a casserole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken casserole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken cooked and served in a casserole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken cacciatore", + "chicken cacciatora", + "hunter's chicken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken casserole prepared with tomatoes and mushrooms and herbs in the Italian style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roast", + "joint" + ], + "it": [ + "arrosto", + "pezzo di carne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of meat roasted or for roasting and of a size for slicing into more than one portion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of meat (especially a duck) cooked slowly in its own fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of appetizers in an Italian meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appetizer", + "appetiser", + "starter" + ], + "it": [ + "stuzzichino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food or drink to stimulate the appetite (usually served before a meal or as the first course)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appetizer consisting usually of a thin slice of bread or toast spread with caviar or cheese or other savory food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail" + ], + "it": [ + "cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appetizer served as a first course at a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit cocktail" + ], + "it": [ + "macedonia", + "macedonia di frutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of sliced or diced fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail of cold cooked crabmeat and a sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimp cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail of cold cooked shrimp and a sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hors d'oeuvre" + ], + "it": [ + "antipasto", + "hors-d' oeuvre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish served as an appetizer before the main meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy or savory condiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tasty mixture or liquid into which bite-sized foods are dipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dip made of cooked beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dip made of cheeses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clam dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dip made of clams and soft cream cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guacamole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dip made of mashed avocado mixed with chopped onions and other seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup" + ], + "it": [ + "minestra", + "zuppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid food especially of meat or fish or vegetable stock often containing pieces of solid food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup du jour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soup that a restaurant is featuring on a given day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabet soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup that contains small noodles in the shape of letters of the alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consomme" + ], + "it": [ + "consommé", + "consumato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear soup usually of beef or veal or chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tomato-flavored consomme; often served chilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bisque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick cream soup made from shellfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borsch", + "borsh", + "borscht", + "borsht", + "borshch", + "bortsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian or Polish soup usually containing beet juice as a foundation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broth" + ], + "it": [ + "brodo", + "minestrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin soup of meat or fish or vegetable stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquor", + "pot liquor", + "pot likker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liquid in which vegetables or meat have be cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barley water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to feed infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear seasoned broth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef broth", + "beef stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock made with beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken broth", + "chicken stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock made with chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broth", + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "brodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquid in which meat and vegetables are simmered; used as a basis for e.g. soups or sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock cube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cube of dehydrated stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup made from chicken broth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock-a-leekie", + "cocky-leeky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup made from chicken boiled with leeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazpacho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup made with chopped tomatoes and onions and cucumbers and peppers and herbs; served cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup or stew thickened with okra pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "julienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear soup garnished with julienne vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmite" + ], + "it": [ + "marmitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup cooked in a large pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock turtle soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup made from a calf's head or other meat in imitation of green turtle soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulligatawny" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup of eastern India that is flavored with curry; prepared with a meat or chicken base" + ], + "it": [ + "minestra al curry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxtail soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup made from the skinned tail of an ox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea soup" + ], + "it": [ + "crema di piselli", + "passato di piselli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick soup made of dried peas (usually made into a puree)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper pot", + "Philadelphia pepper pot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup made with vegetables and tripe and seasoned with peppercorns; often contains dumplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petite marmite", + "minestrone", + "vegetable soup" + ], + "it": [ + "minestrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup made with a variety of vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potage", + "pottage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick (often creamy) soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pottage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew of vegetables and (sometimes) meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtle soup", + "green turtle soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soup usually made of the flesh of green turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggdrop soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made by stirring beaten eggs into a simmering broth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick soup or stew made with milk and bacon and onions and potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chowder containing corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clam chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chowder containing clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manhattan clam chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chowder made with clams and tomatoes and other vegetables and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New England clam chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick chowder made with clams and potatoes and onions and salt pork and milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish chowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chowder containing fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "won ton", + "wonton", + "wonton soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soup with won ton dumplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split-pea soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of stock and split peas with onions carrots and celery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green pea soup", + "potage St. Germain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of fresh green peas and stock with shredded lettuce onion and celery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lentil soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of stock and lentils with onions carrots and celery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch broth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick soup made from beef or mutton with vegetables and pearl barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vichyssoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creamy potato soup flavored with leeks and onions; usually served cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stew" + ], + "it": [ + "stufato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared by stewing especially meat or fish with vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Polish stew of cabbage and meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunswick stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy southern specialty: chicken (or small game) with corn and tomatoes and lima beans and okra and onions and potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick spicy stew of whatever meat and whatever vegetables are available; southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering at which burgoo stew is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olla podrida", + "Spanish burgoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish version of burgoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulligan stew", + "mulligan", + "Irish burgoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish version of burgoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purloo", + "chicken purloo", + "poilu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick stew made of rice and chicken and small game; southern U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goulash", + "Hungarian goulash", + "gulyas" + ], + "it": [ + "gulasch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich meat stew highly seasoned with paprika" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotchpotch" + ], + "it": [ + "spezzatino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew (or thick soup) made with meat and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot pot", + "hotpot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew of meat and potatoes cooked in a tightly covered pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef goulash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat is browned before stewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork-and-veal goulash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made with sauerkraut and caraway seeds and served with sour cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porkholt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of lamb or pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat (especially mutton) stewed with potatoes and onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oysters in cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diced lobster meat in milk or cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobscouse", + "lobscuse", + "scouse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew of meat and vegetables and hardtack that is eaten by sailors" + ], + "it": [ + "stufato di carne con verdure e gallette mangiato dai marinai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew made with fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouillabaisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly seasoned Mediterranean soup or stew made of several kinds of fish and shellfish with tomatoes and onions or leeks and seasoned with saffron and garlic and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matelote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly seasoned soup or stew made of freshwater fishes (eel, carp, perch) with wine and stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saffron-flavored dish made of rice with shellfish and chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fricassee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pieces of chicken or other meat stewed in gravy with e.g. carrots and onions and served with noodles or dumplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew made with chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew made with turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef stew" + ], + "it": [ + "stracotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stew made with beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stew meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough meat that needs stewing to be edible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "well-seasoned stew of meat and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratatouille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vegetable stew; usually made with tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini, peppers, onion, and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ragout of game in a rich sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot-au-feu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traditional French stew of vegetables and beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slumgullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin stew of meat and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smorgasbord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assortment of foods starting with herring or smoked eel or salmon etc with bread and butter; then cheeses and eggs and pickled vegetables and aspics; finally hot foods; served as a buffet meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a choice or delicious dish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convenience food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any packaged dish or food that can be prepared quickly and easily as by thawing or heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ready-mix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial preparation containing most of the ingredients for a dish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brownie mix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial mix for making brownies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cake mix" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "preparato per torta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial mix for making a cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemonade mix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial mix for making lemonade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-rising flour", + "self-raising flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially prepared mixture of flour and salt and a leavening agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delicatessen", + "delicatessen food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ready-to-eat food products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "takeout", + "takeout food", + "takeaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepared food that is intended to be eaten off of the premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choice morsel", + "tidbit", + "titbit" + ], + "it": [ + "bocconcino", + "boccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tasty bit of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savory", + "savoury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic or spicy dish served at the end of dinner or as an hors d'oeuvre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf's-foot jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savory jelly made with gelatin obtained by boiling calves' feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caramel", + "caramelized sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burnt sugar; used to color and flavor food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lump sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "zolletta", + "zucchero in zollette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refined sugar molded into rectangular shapes convenient as single servings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarloaf", + "sugar loaf", + "loaf sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large conical loaf of concentrated refined sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchero di canna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar from sugarcane used as sweetening agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castor sugar", + "caster sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very finely granulated sugar that was formerly sprinkled from a castor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powdered sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar granulated into a fine powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulated sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar in the form of small grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icing sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finely powdered sugar used to make icing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar from sugar beets used as sweetening agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dextrose used as sweetening agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchero greggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unrefined or only partly refined sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demerara", + "demerara sugar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light brown cane sugar; originally from Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet", + "confection" + ], + "it": [ + "dolciumi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food rich in sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confectionery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candy and other sweets considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confiture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserved or candied fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetmeat" + ], + "it": [ + "dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetened delicacy (as a preserve or pastry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy", + "confect" + ], + "it": [ + "caramella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich sweet made of flavored sugar and often combined with fruit or nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy shaped as a bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carob", + "carob powder", + "Saint-John's-bread" + ], + "it": [ + "carrubo", + "carubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder from the ground seeds and pods of the carob tree; used as a chocolate substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carob bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of candy made with carob powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardbake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British sweet made with molasses and butter and almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard candy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candy that is brittle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barley-sugar", + "barley candy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle transparent candy made by melting and cooling cane sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandyball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British candy flavored with brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jawbreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large round hard candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard candy with lemon flavor and a yellow color and (usually) the shape of a lemon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round piece of tart hard candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round flat candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peppermint patty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patty flavored with peppermint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy that usually has a center of fondant or fruit or nuts coated in chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brittle", + "toffee", + "toffy" + ], + "it": [ + "caramella mou", + "toffee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caramelized sugar cooled in thin sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut brittle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brittle containing peanuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chewing gum", + "gum" + ], + "it": [ + "chewing-gum", + "cicca", + "gomma americana", + "gomma da masticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation (usually made of sweetened chicle) for chewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball of chewing gum with a coating of colored sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of chewing gum that can be blown into bubbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterscotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard brittle candy made with butter and brown sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candied fruit", + "succade", + "crystallized fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "candito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit cooked in sugar syrup and encrusted with a sugar crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candied apple", + "candy apple", + "taffy apple", + "caramel apple", + "toffee apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apple that is covered with a candy-like substance (usually caramelized sugar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallized ginger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of gingerroot cooked in sugar syrup and coated with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapefruit peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of grapefruit peel cooked in sugar syrup and coated with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of lemon peel cooked in sugar and coated with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of orange peel cooked in sugar and coated with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candied citrus peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of citrus peel cooked in a sugar syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard candy in the shape of a rod (usually with stripes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small yellow and white candy shaped to resemble a kernel of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caramel" + ], + "it": [ + "caramello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "firm chewy candy made from caramelized sugar and butter and milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate" + ], + "it": [ + "cioccolata", + "cioccolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food made from roasted ground cacao beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter chocolate", + "baking chocolate", + "cooking chocolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pure unsweetened chocolate used in baking and icings and sauces and candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate candy" + ], + "it": [ + "cioccolatino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candy made with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sweet central portion of a piece of candy that is enclosed in chocolate or some other covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate liquor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liquid or paste that is produced when cocoa beans are roasted and ground; the basis of all chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vegetable fat from the cacao that is extracted from chocolate liquor; the basis for white chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the powdery remains of chocolate liquor after cocoa butter is removed; used in baking and in low fat and low calorie recipes and as a flavoring for ice cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colloquial British abbreviation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate bar" + ], + "it": [ + "tavoletta di cioccolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of chocolate candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hershey bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of milk chocolate made by the Hershey company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bittersweet chocolate", + "semi-sweet chocolate", + "dark chocolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chocolate liquor with cocoa butter and small amounts of sugar and vanilla; lecithin is usually added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couverture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chocolate that contains at least 32 percent cocoa butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch-processed cocoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cocoa powder treated with a mild alkalizing agent (such as baking soda)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jimmies", + "sprinkles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bits of sweet chocolate used as a topping on e.g. ice cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk chocolate" + ], + "it": [ + "cioccolato al latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chocolate made from chocolate liquor with sugar and cocoa butter and powdered milk solids and vanilla and (usually) lecithin; the most common form of chocolate for eating; used in chocolate candy and baking and coatings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white chocolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blend of cocoa butter and milk solids and sugar and vanilla; used in candy bars and baking and coatings; not technically chocolate because it contains no chocolate liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonpareil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat disk of chocolate covered with beads of colored sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candy containing a fruit or nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton candy", + "spun sugar", + "candyfloss" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchero filato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy made by spinning sugar that has been boiled to a high temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar-coated nut or fruit piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silvery candy beads used for decorating cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fondant" + ], + "it": [ + "fondant", + "fondente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candy made of a thick creamy sugar paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft creamy candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate fudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fudge made with chocolate or cocoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divinity", + "divinity fudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white creamy fudge made with egg whites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penuche", + "penoche", + "panoche", + "panocha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fudge made with brown sugar and butter and milk and nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumdrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jellied candy coated with sugar crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jujube" + ], + "it": [ + "giuggiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chewy fruit-flavored jellied candy (sometimes medicated to soothe a sore throat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey crisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp candy made with honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint", + "mint candy" + ], + "it": [ + "menta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy that is flavored with a mint oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horehound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy that is flavored with an extract of the horehound plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peppermint", + "peppermint candy" + ], + "it": [ + "mentina", + "caramella alla menta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy flavored with peppermint oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jelly bean", + "jelly egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar-glazed jellied candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss", + "candy kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several bite-sized candies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molasses kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy kiss that resembles toffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meringue kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiss made of sugar and egg white and baked slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kiss that consists of a conical bite-sized piece of chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butterscotch candy kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licorice", + "liquorice" + ], + "it": [ + "liquirizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black candy flavored with the dried root of the licorice plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Life Saver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candy shaped like a small lifesaver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lollipop", + "sucker", + "all-day sucker" + ], + "it": [ + "lecca lecca", + "leccalecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard candy on a stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lozenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small aromatic or medicated candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scented lozenge used to sweeten the breath (e.g. to conceal the odor of tobacco)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cough drop", + "troche", + "pastille", + "pastil" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicated lozenge used to soothe the throat" + ], + "it": [ + "pasticca per la tosse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshmallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spongy confection made of gelatin and sugar and corn syrup and dusted with powdered sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marzipan", + "marchpane" + ], + "it": [ + "marzapane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almond paste and egg whites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nougat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuts or fruit pieces in a sugar paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nougat bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of nougat candy often dipped in chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paste of nuts and sugar on a pastry base cut into bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bar of peanuts in taffy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popcorn ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popcorn combined with a thick sugar or molasses or caramel syrup and formed into balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie-sized candy made of brown sugar and butter and pecans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock candy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar in large hard clear crystals on a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock candy", + "rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard bright-colored stick candy (typically flavored with peppermint)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar candy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made by boiling pure sugar until it hardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarplum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small sugary candies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taffy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chewy candy of sugar or syrup boiled until thick and pulled until glossy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molasses taffy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taffy made of molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truffle", + "chocolate truffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creamy chocolate candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish Delight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jellied candy typically flavored with rose water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessert", + "sweet", + "afters" + ], + "it": [ + "dessert", + "dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish served as the last course of a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambrosia", + "nectar" + ], + "it": [ + "ambrosia", + "nettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the food and drink of the gods; mortals who ate it became immortal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit dessert made of oranges and bananas with shredded coconut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baked Alaska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake covered with ice cream and meringue browned quickly in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blancmange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet almond-flavored milk pudding thickened with gelatin or cornstarch; usually molded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charlotte" + ], + "it": [ + "charlotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mold lined with cake or crumbs and filled with fruit or whipped cream or custard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compote", + "fruit compote" + ], + "it": [ + "composta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert of stewed or baked fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumpling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert made by baking fruit wrapped in pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open pastry filled with fruit or custard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen dessert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various desserts prepared by freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junket" + ], + "it": [ + "giuncata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert made of sweetened milk coagulated with rennet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light creamy dish made from fish or meat and set with gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich, frothy, creamy dessert made with whipped egg whites and heavy cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavlova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dessert consisting of a meringue base or cup filled with fruit and whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach melba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream and peaches with a liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dessert made of sugar and stiffly beaten egg whites or cream and usually flavored with fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prune whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert made of prune puree and whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudding" + ], + "it": [ + "bodino", + "budino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various soft sweet desserts thickened usually with flour and baked or boiled or steamed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudding", + "pud" + ], + "it": [ + "dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British) the dessert course of a meal (`pud' is used informally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabub", + "sillabub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened cream beaten with wine or liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiramisu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian dessert consisting of layers of sponge cake soaked with coffee and brandy or liqueur layered with mascarpone cheese and topped with grated chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifle" + ], + "it": [ + "zuppa inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipsy cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trifle soaked in wine and decorated with almonds and candied fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jello", + "Jell-O" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit-flavored dessert (trade mark Jell-O) made from a commercially prepared gelatin powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charlotte russe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lady fingers enclosing Bavarian cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple dumpling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apples wrapped in pastry and baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice", + "frappe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frozen dessert with fruit flavoring (especially one containing no milk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water ice", + "sorbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice containing no milk but having a mushy consistency; usually made from fruit juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice cream", + "icecream" + ], + "it": [ + "gelato", + "ice cream", + "sorbetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frozen dessert containing cream and sugar and flavoring" + ], + "it": [ + "dolce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-cream cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream in a crisp conical wafer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate ice cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream flavored with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choc-ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colloquial British abbreviation for chocolate ice cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neapolitan ice cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of ice cream with 3 or 4 layers of different colors and flavors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach ice cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream flavored with fresh peaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sherbert", + "sherbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frozen dessert made primarily of fruit juice and sugar, but also containing milk or egg-white or gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry ice cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream flavored with fresh strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutti-frutti" + ], + "it": [ + "cassata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream containing chopped candied fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla ice cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream flavored with vanilla extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice lolly", + "lolly", + "lollipop", + "popsicle" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiacciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream or water ice on a small wooden stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to ice cream but made of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen yogurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft frozen dessert of sweetened flavored yogurt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball of crushed ice with fruit syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ball of ice cream covered with coconut and usually chocolate sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parfait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "layers of ice cream and syrup and whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-cream sundae", + "sundae" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "coppa di gelato guarnita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream served with a topping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dessert of sliced fruit and ice cream covered with whipped cream and cherries and nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana split" + ], + "it": [ + "banana split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a banana split lengthwise and topped with scoops of ice cream and sauces and nuts and whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chilled dessert consisting of a mixture of custard and nuts and (sometimes) liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen custard", + "soft ice cream" + ], + "it": [ + "biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert resembling ice cream but with a boiled custard base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various soft thick unsweetened baked dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flummery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bland custard or pudding especially of oatmeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish mousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mousse made with fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken mousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mousse made with chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate mousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dessert mousse made with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum pudding", + "Christmas pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich steamed or boiled pudding that resembles cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pudding made with grated carrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pudding made of corn and cream and egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamed pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pudding cooked by steaming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duff", + "plum duff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stiff flour pudding steamed or boiled usually and containing e.g. currants and raisins and citron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet vanilla flavored custard-like pudding usually thickened with flour rather than eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet chocolate flavored custard-like pudding usually thickened with flour rather than eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown Betty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked pudding of apples and breadcrumbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nesselrode", + "Nesselrode pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich frozen pudding made of chopped chestnuts and maraschino cherries and candied fruits and liqueur or rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pease pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pudding made with strained split peas mixed with egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custard" + ], + "it": [ + "crema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened mixture of milk and eggs baked or boiled or frozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme caramel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked custard topped with caramel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme anglais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "custard sauce flavored with vanilla or a liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme brulee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "custard sprinkled with sugar and broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit custard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custard containing fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tart filled with rich unsweetened custard; often contains other ingredients (as cheese or ham or seafood or vegetables)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiche Lorraine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quiche made with cheese and bacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapioca" + ], + "it": [ + "tapioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granular preparation of cassava starch used to thicken especially puddings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapioca pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet pudding thickened with tapioca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roly-poly", + "roly-poly pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pudding made of suet pastry spread with jam or fruit and rolled up and baked or steamed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suet pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet or savory pudding made with suet and steamed or boiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotted dick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suet pudding containing currants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bavarian cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich custard set with gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maraschino", + "maraschino cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "ciliegia sotto spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cherry preserved in true or imitation maraschino liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frosting", + "icing", + "ice" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiaccia", + "glassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavored sugar topping used to coat and decorate cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various thin shiny (savory or sweet) coatings applied to foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meringue" + ], + "it": [ + "meringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet topping especially for pies made of beaten egg whites and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonpareil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colored beads of sugar used as a topping on e.g. candies and cookies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipped cream" + ], + "it": [ + "latte miele", + "lattemiele", + "panna montata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cream that has been beaten until light and fluffy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zabaglione", + "sabayon" + ], + "it": [ + "zabaglione", + "zabaione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light foamy custard-like dessert served hot or chilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnish" + ], + "it": [ + "guarnizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something (such as parsley) added to a dish for flavor or decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavorful addition on top of a dish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streusel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crumbly topping for a pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baked goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foods (like breads and cakes and pastries) that are cooked in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb" + ], + "it": [ + "briciola", + "mollica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small piece of e.g. bread or cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadcrumb" + ], + "it": [ + "pan grattato", + "pangrattato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crumb of bread; used especially for coating or thickening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracker crumbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crumbs of crackers used especially for coating or thickening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various baked foods made of dough or batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastry", + "pastry dough" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dough of flour and water and shortening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pie crust", + "pie shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pastry used to hold pie fillings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowdy", + "pandowdy" + ], + "it": [ + "sciattona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-dish apple dessert covered with a rich crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frangipane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pastry with a creamy almond-flavored filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streusel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pastry with a topping of streusel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pastry cup with a filling of fruit or custard and no top crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple tart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tart filled with sliced apples and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tart" + ], + "it": [ + "crostata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small open pie with a fruit filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple tart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small open pie filled with sliced apples and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster tart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pastry shell filled with cooked lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartlet" + ], + "it": [ + "tortina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tart usually used as a canape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish made by folding a piece of pastry over a filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple turnover" + ], + "it": [ + "sfogliatella alle mele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turnover with an apple filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a baked or fried turnover filled with potato or meat or cheese; often eaten as a snack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirogi", + "piroshki", + "pirozhki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fruit or meat turnover baked or fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small turnover of Indian origin filled with vegetables or meat and fried and served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timbale", + "timbale case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pastry shell for creamy mixtures of minced foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timbale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "individual serving of minced e.g. meat or fish in a rich creamy sauce baked in a small pastry mold or timbale shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pie" + ], + "it": [ + "pasticcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dish baked in pastry-lined pan often with a pastry top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-dish pie", + "cobbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pie made of fruit with rich biscuit dough usually only on top of the fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoofly pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open pie filled with a mixture of sweet crumbs and molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mince pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie containing mincemeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie (with a top crust) containing sliced apples and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon meringue pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie containing lemon custard and topped with meringue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueberry pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie containing blueberries and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhubarb pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie containing diced rhubarb and much sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pecan pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie made of pecans and sugar and corn syrup and butter and eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkin pie" + ], + "it": [ + "torta di zucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie made of mashed pumpkin and milk and eggs and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to pumpkin pie but made with winter squash instead of pumpkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French pastry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet filled pastry made of especially puff paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "napoleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular piece of pastry with thin flaky layers and filled with custard cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patty shell", + "bouchee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shell of puff paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pie or pasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sausage meat rolled and baked in pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toad-in-the-hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sausage baked in batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vol-au-vent" + ], + "it": [ + "vol-au-vent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puff paste shell filled with a savory meat mixture usually with a sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strudel" + ], + "it": [ + "strudel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin sheet of filled dough rolled and baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baklava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich Middle Eastern cake made of thin layers of flaky pastry filled with nuts and honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff paste", + "pate feuillete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dough used for very light flaky rich pastries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phyllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tissue thin sheets of pastry used especially in Greek dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff batter", + "pouf paste", + "pate a choux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batter for making light hollow cases to hold various fillings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profiterole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hollow pastry that is typically filled with cream and covered with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff" + ], + "it": [ + "sfogliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light inflated pastry or puff shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream puff", + "chou" + ], + "it": [ + "bignè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puff filled with cream or custard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oblong cream puff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate eclair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eclair topped with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cake" + ], + "it": [ + "torta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked goods made from or based on a mixture of flour, sugar, eggs, and fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applesauce cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moist spicy cake containing applesauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baba" + ], + "it": [ + "babà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cake leavened with yeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baba au rhum", + "rum baba" + ], + "it": [ + "babà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baba soaked in rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthday cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorated cake served at a birthday party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheesecake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made with sweetened cream cheese and eggs and cream baked in a crumb crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiffon cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very light cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake containing chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake containing shredded coconut in batter and frosting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffeecake", + "coffee cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cake or sweet bread usually served with coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coffee cake flavored with orange rind and raisins and almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake or coffeecake topped with a mixture of sugar and butter and flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick soft cake with a porous texture; cooked on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cake baked in a muffin tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil's food", + "devil's food cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very dark chocolate cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eccles cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat round cake of sweetened pastry filled with dried fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruitcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich cake containing dried fruit and nuts and citrus peel and so on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich fruitcake (usually covered with icing and marzipan) and eaten at Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fruitcake (sometimes covered with almond paste) eaten at mid-Lent or Easter or Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gateau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rich and elaborate cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-cream cake", + "icebox cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice cream molded to look like a cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light porous cake made with eggs and flour and sugar without shortening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel cake", + "angel food cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light sponge cake made without egg yolks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jellyroll", + "Swiss roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin sheet of sponge cake spread with jelly and then rolled up to make a cylindrical cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madeira cake", + "Madeira sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich sponge cake with close texture; intended to be eaten with a glass of Madeira wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twinkie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small sponge cake with a synthetic cream filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding cake", + "bridecake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich cake with two or more tiers and covered with frosting and decorations; served at a wedding reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake made without egg yolks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake flavored with spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingerbread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake flavored with ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich loaf cake made of a pound each of butter and sugar and flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cake having layers held together by a sweet filling and usually covered with frosting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich cake usually covered with cream and fruit or nuts; originated in Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit four" + ], + "it": [ + "pasticcino", + "pastina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small (individual) frosted and ornamented cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prune cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moist cake containing prunes that have been made into a puree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumble", + "jumbal" + ], + "it": [ + "biscotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flat ring-shaped cake or cookie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savarin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sponge cake baked in a ring mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston cream pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "layer cake filled with custard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upside-down cake", + "skillet cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batter baked atop a layer of sweetened fruit then turned upside down so fruit is on top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spicy cake partially sweetened with honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marble cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of light and dark batter very lightly blended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich and delicate Italian sponge cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedcake", + "seed cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet cake flavored with sesame or caraway seeds and lemon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small cakes or cookies often served with tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacake", + "tea biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat semisweet cookie or biscuit usually served with tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sally Lunn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat round slightly sweet teacake usually served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie", + "cooky", + "biscuit" + ], + "it": [ + "biscotto", + "biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small flat sweet cakes (`biscuit' is the British term)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard biscuit for dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie containing much butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie flavored with spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i76999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortbread", + "shortbread cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very rich thick butter cookie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond cookie", + "almond crescent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very rich cookie containing ground almonds; usually crescent-shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brownie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "square or bar of very rich chocolate cake usually with nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingersnap", + "ginger snap", + "snap", + "ginger nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp round cookie flavored with ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaroon" + ], + "it": [ + "amaretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chewy cookie usually containing almond paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratafia", + "ratafia biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macaroon flavored with ratafia liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut macaroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macaroon containing coconut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cookie made of egg whites and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladyfinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small finger-shaped sponge cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anise cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie made without butter and flavored with anise seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molasses cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very spicy cookies sweetened partially with molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oreo", + "oreo cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chocolate cookie with white cream filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin-nut cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie filled with a paste of raisins and nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerator cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dough formed into a roll and chilled in the refrigerator then sliced and baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie containing raisins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookies containing chopped fruits either mixed in the dough or spread between layers of dough then baked and cut in bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apricot bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit bar containing apricot jam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit bar containing chopped dates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookies sprinkled with granulated sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oatmeal cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookies containing rolled oats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate chip cookie", + "Toll House cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookies containing chocolate chips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortune cookie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin folded wafer containing a maxim on a slip of paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gingerbread man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gingerbread cut in the shape of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friedcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cake in the form of a ring or twist or ball or strip fried in deep fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doughboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded lump of dough that is deep-fried and served as hot bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doughnut", + "donut", + "sinker" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba", + "bombolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small ring-shaped friedcake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raised doughnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doughnut made light with yeast rather than baking powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlin doughnut", + "bismark", + "jelly doughnut" + ], + "it": [ + "bomba", + "krapfen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised doughnut filled with jelly or jam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastnacht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doughnut traditionally eaten on Shrove Tuesday" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruller", + "twister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small friedcake formed into twisted strips and fried; richer than doughnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French fritter", + "beignet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep-fried, yeast-raised doughnut dusted with confectioners' sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fritter" + ], + "it": [ + "frittella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small quantity of fried batter containing fruit or meat or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple fritter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fritter containing sliced apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn fritter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fritter containing corn or corn kernels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancake", + "battercake", + "flannel cake", + "flannel-cake", + "flapcake", + "flapjack", + "griddlecake", + "hotcake", + "hot cake" + ], + "it": [ + "crespella", + "crêpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat cake of thin batter fried on both sides on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeast cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cake of compressed moist yeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckwheat cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pancake made with buckwheat flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttermilk pancake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pancake made with buttermilk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blini", + "bliny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian pancake of buckwheat flour and yeast; usually served with caviar and sour cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blintz", + "blintze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) thin pancake folded around a filling and fried or baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crape", + "crepe", + "French pancake" + ], + "it": [ + "crepe", + "crespella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small very thin pancake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepe Suzette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crepes flamed in a sweet orange-and-lemon flavored liqueur sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pfannkuchen", + "german pancake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffy mildly sweet lemon-flavored egg mixture sprinkled with confectioners' sugar and served with jam or a wine or fruit sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato pancake", + "latke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of grated potato and egg with a little flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pancake batter baked in a waffle iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian waffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick sweet waffle often eaten with ice cream or fruit sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish cake", + "fish ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fried ball or patty of flaked fish and mashed potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cake with a hard surface said to resemble a rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria sandwich", + "Victoria sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cake consisting of two layers of sponge cake with a jelly filling in between" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish stick", + "fish finger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long fillet of fish breaded and fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conserve", + "preserve", + "conserves", + "preserves" + ], + "it": [ + "confettura", + "conserva di frutta", + "marmellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit preserved by cooking with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick dark spicy puree of apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chowchow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese preserve of mixed fruits and ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam" + ], + "it": [ + "confettura", + "marmellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve of crushed fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon curd", + "lemon cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conserve with a thick consistency; made with lemons and butter and eggs and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry jam", + "strawberry preserves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made with strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preserve made of the jelled juice of fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jelly made from apple juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crabapple jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tart apple jelly made from crab apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jelly made from grape juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marmalade" + ], + "it": [ + "confettura", + "marmellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preserve made of the pulp and rind of citrus fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange marmalade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marmalade made from oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatin", + "jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible jelly (sweet or pungent) made with gelatin and used as a dessert or salad base or a coating for foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatin dessert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jellied dessert made with gelatin and fruit juice or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird", + "fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of a bird or fowl (wild or domestic) used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poultry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of chickens or turkeys or ducks or geese raised for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken", + "poulet", + "volaille" + ], + "it": [ + "pollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of a chicken used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a small young chicken not over 2 1/2 lb suitable for broiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capon" + ], + "it": [ + "cappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a castrated male chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fryer", + "frier", + "pullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a medium-sized young chicken suitable for frying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a large young chicken over 3 1/2 lb suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oven Stuffer", + "Oven Stuffer Roaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brand name for a roasting chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatchcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a chicken (or game bird) split down the back and grilled (usually immediately after being killed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of an older chicken suitable for stewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rock Cornish hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a small fowl bred for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guinea hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a guinea fowl (especially of hens)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squab", + "dove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a pigeon suitable for roasting or braising; flesh of a dove (young squab) may be broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a duck (domestic or wild)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckling" + ], + "it": [ + "anatroccolo", + "anitroccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a young domestic duck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a goose (domestic or wild)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildfowl" + ], + "it": [ + "selvaggina di penna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of a number of wild game birds suitable for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various grouse of the family Tetraonidae; usually roasted; flesh too dry to broil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of quail; suitable for roasting or broiling if young; otherwise must be braised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of either quail or grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheasant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a pheasant; usually braised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of large domesticated fowl usually roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumstick" + ], + "it": [ + "coscia", + "coscia di pollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower joint of the leg of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey leg", + "turkey drumstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower joint of the leg of a turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken leg", + "chicken drumstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower joint of the leg of a chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second joint", + "thigh" + ], + "it": [ + "coscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper joint of the leg of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast", + "white meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat carved from the breast of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wing of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wing of a turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wing of a chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp spicy chicken wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecued wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken wings cooked in barbecue sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giblet", + "giblets" + ], + "it": [ + "frattaglie", + "rigaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible viscera of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medallion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular helping of food (especially a boneless cut of meat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small muscle on each side of the back of a fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parson's nose", + "pope's nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tail of a dressed fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantity of food (other than bread) formed in a particular shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat" + ], + "it": [ + "carne", + "ciccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food" + ], + "it": [ + "carne di animale usata come cibo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "game" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of wild animals that is used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of the legs of fowl used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft semiliquid food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mince" + ], + "it": [ + "macinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food chopped into small bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puree" + ], + "it": [ + "crema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared by cooking and straining or processed in a blender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncooked meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lump or chunk of raw meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat that is dark in color before cooking (as beef, venison, lamb, mutton)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variety meat", + "organs" + ], + "it": [ + "frattaglie", + "rigaglie", + "viscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible viscera of a butchered animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offal" + ], + "it": [ + "frattaglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscera and trimmings of a butchered animal often considered inedible by humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart" + ], + "it": [ + "cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm rather dry variety meat (usually beef or veal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver of an animal used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calves' liver", + "calf's liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver of a calf used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken liver" + ], + "it": [ + "fegatino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver of a chicken used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver of a goose used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetbread", + "sweetbreads" + ], + "it": [ + "animelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible glands of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain" + ], + "it": [ + "cervella", + "cervello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brain of certain animals used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf's brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brain of a calf eaten as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach sweetbread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible pancreas of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck sweetbread", + "throat sweetbread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible thymus gland of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tongue of certain animals used as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tongue of a cow eaten as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calf's tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tongue of a calf eaten as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venison" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "carne di cervo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a deer used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cut of meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of meat that has been cut from an animal carcass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ], + "it": [ + "braciola", + "costoletta", + "cotoletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cut of meat including part of a rib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecue", + "barbeque" + ], + "it": [ + "barbecue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat that has been barbecued or grilled in a highly seasoned sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biryani", + "biriani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indian dish made with highly seasoned rice and meat or fish or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold cuts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sliced assorted cold meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat or fish including at least part of the backbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece", + "slice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving that has been cut from a larger portion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutlet", + "scallop", + "scollop", + "escallop" + ], + "it": [ + "cotoletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin slice of meat (especially veal) usually fried or broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalope de veau Orloff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly sauteed veal cutlets spread with a Soubise sauce and liver paste then sprinkled with grated Parmesan and baked briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish of sauteed food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fillet", + "filet", + "fish fillet", + "fish filet" + ], + "it": [ + "filetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a longitudinal slice or boned side of a fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg" + ], + "it": [ + "coscia", + "cosciotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limb of an animal used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side", + "side of meat" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lengthwise dressed half of an animal's carcass used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side of beef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dressed half of a beef carcass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forequarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front half of a side of meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindquarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back half of a side of meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut of beef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from beef cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a forequarter from the neck to the ribs and including the shoulder blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck short ribs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "between the chuck and the brisket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat including one or more ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrecote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat taken from between the ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparerib" + ], + "it": [ + "costina", + "costoletta", + "spuntatura", + "costina di maiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of pork ribs with much of the meat trimmed off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat (beef or veal or mutton or lamb) from the upper part of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreshank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat from the upper part of a front leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hindshank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat from the upper part of a rear leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shin", + "shin bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat from the lower part of the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brisket" + ], + "it": [ + "punta di petto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest especially of beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin under portion of the forequarter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut from the fleshy part of an animal's side between the ribs and the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak" + ], + "it": [ + "bistecca", + "braciola", + "costata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slice of meat cut from the fleshy part of an animal or large fish" + ], + "it": [ + "una fetta di carne di un animale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross-section slice of a large fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak" + ], + "it": [ + "bistecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beef steak usually cooked by broiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef from the flank of the animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minute steak" + ], + "it": [ + "fettina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin steak that can be cooked quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loin" + ], + "it": [ + "carré", + "lombata", + "lonza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat taken from the side and back of an animal between the ribs and the rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef loin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from a loin of beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sirloin" + ], + "it": [ + "controfiletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the portion of the loin (especially of beef) just in front of the rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the sirloin nearest the rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the sirloin next to the wedge bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin bone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the sirloin between the flat bone and the porterhouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sirloin tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef from the upper end of the sirloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sirloin steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef from the sirloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderloin", + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tender meat of the loin muscle on each side of the vertebral column" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef tenderloin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef loin muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fillet", + "filet" + ], + "it": [ + "filetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boneless steak cut from the tenderloin of beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork tenderloin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pork loin muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chateaubriand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thick center cut of beef tenderloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delmonico steak", + "club steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small steak from the front of the short loin of beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tournedos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick steak cut from the beef tenderloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filet mignon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small steak cut from the thick end of a beef tenderloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porterhouse", + "porterhouse steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large steak from the thick end of the short loin containing a T-shaped bone and large piece of tenderloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-bone steak" + ], + "it": [ + "fiorentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small steak from the thin end of the short loin containing a T-shaped bone and small piece of tenderloin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef from the shoulder blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roast cut from the blade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat from the neck of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef from the neck of the animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat including the upper joint of the foreleg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of beef suitable for simmering in liquid in a closed pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short ribs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of beef containing rib ends near the sternum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib roast", + "standing rib roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of meat (beef or venison) including more than one rib and the meat located along the outside of the ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round" + ], + "it": [ + "girello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef between the rump and the lower leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lean cut of beef from between the rump and the shank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top round" + ], + "it": [ + "girello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roast cut from the round; usually suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut from the round; suitable for pot roast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rump steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steak cut from the rump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip steak", + "New York strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steak from upper part of the short loin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rump" + ], + "it": [ + "culaccio", + "fesa", + "scannello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy hindquarters; behind the loin and above the round" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rump roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef or veal from the fleshy hindquarters of the animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aitchbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of beef including the H-shaped rump bone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lining of the stomach of a ruminant (especially a bovine) used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb tripe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lining of the reticulum (or second stomach) of a ruminant used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from an American bison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef", + "boeuf" + ], + "it": [ + "bue", + "manzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from an adult domestic bovine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef roast", + "roast beef" + ], + "it": [ + "arrosto di manzo", + "rosbif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of beef suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patty", + "cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flat mass of chopped food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground beef", + "hamburger" + ], + "it": [ + "hamburger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef that has been ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chopped steak", + "chop steak", + "chopsteak", + "hamburger steak", + "beef patty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patty of ground cooked beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bully beef", + "corned beef", + "corn beef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef cured or pickled in brine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastrami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly seasoned cut of smoked beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of meat (or fish) that has been scored and broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) meat from animals that have been slaughtered in the prescribed way according to the shariah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerky", + "jerked meat", + "jerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat (especially beef) cut in strips and dried in the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef jerky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of dried beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biltong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat that is salted and cut into strips and dried in the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pemmican", + "pemican" + ], + "it": [ + "pemmican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean dried meat pounded fine and mixed with melted fat; used especially by North American Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veal", + "veau" + ], + "it": [ + "vitella", + "vitello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veal parmesan", + "veal parmigiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauteed veal cutlet in a breadcrumb-and-cheese coating served with tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut of veal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from a calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrag", + "scrag end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean end of a neck of veal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veal roast", + "roast veal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of veal suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast of veal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually stuffed and roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fricandeau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larded veal braised and glazed in its own juices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veal cordon bleu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin slices of veal stuffed with cheese and ham and then sauteed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calves' feet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feet of calves used as food; usually jellied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsemeat", + "horseflesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of horses as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit", + "hare" + ], + "it": [ + "lepre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various rabbits or hares (wild or domesticated) eaten as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouton", + "mutton" + ], + "it": [ + "castrato", + "montone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a mature domestic sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutton chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop cut from a mature sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean end of the neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut of mutton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from a mature sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of a young domestic sheep eaten as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut of lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from a lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast of lamb", + "poitrine d'agneau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of lamb including the breastbone and attached muscles dressed as meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat (especially mutton or lamb) consisting of part of the backbone and both loins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle of lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "backbone and both loins of a lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loin of lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a loin of lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb chop", + "lamb-chop", + "lambchop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop cut from a lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rib section of a forequarter of veal or pork or especially lamb or mutton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb roast", + "roast lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cut of lamb suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack of lamb", + "crown roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a roast of the rib section of lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham hock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cut of meat from the leg just above the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leg of lamb", + "gigot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamb leg suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork", + "porc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a domestic hog or pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut of pork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of meat from a hog or pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cochon de lait", + "suckling pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whole young pig suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flitch", + "side of bacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salted and cured abdominal wall of a side of pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gammon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hind portion of a side of bacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork loin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat from a loin of pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side of pork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dressed half of a hog carcass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork belly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "side of fresh pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork roast", + "roast pork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of pork suitable for roasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham", + "jambon", + "gammon" + ], + "it": [ + "prosciutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat cut from the thigh of a hog (usually smoked)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia ham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lean hickory-smoked ham; has dark red meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picnic ham", + "picnic shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoulder of a hog usually smoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porkchop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop cut from a hog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosciutto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian salt-cured ham usually sliced paper thin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacon" + ], + "it": [ + "pancetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacon strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slice of bacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural outer covering of food (usually removed before eating)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacon rind" + ], + "it": [ + "cotenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rind of bacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian bacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from a boned strip of cured loin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt pork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fat from the back and sides and belly of a hog carcass cured with salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt pork from the back of a hog carcass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sowbelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt pork from the belly of a hog carcass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spareribs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut of pork from the rib section with most of the meat trimmed off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigs' feet", + "pigs' knuckles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feet or knuckles of hogs used as food; pickled or stewed or jellied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chitterlings", + "chitlins", + "chitlings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small intestines of hogs prepared as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracklings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crisp residue left after lard has been rendered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haslet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart and liver and other edible viscera especially of hogs; usually chopped and formed into a loaf and braised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible fat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oily or greasy matter making up the bulk of fatty tissue in animals and in seeds and other plant tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lard" + ], + "it": [ + "grascia", + "lardo", + "strutto", + "sugna", + "unto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft white semisolid fat obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of the hog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marbling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intermixture of fat and lean in a cut of meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortening" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fat such as butter or lard used in baked goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "grasso di rognone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard fat around the kidneys and loins in beef and sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margarine", + "margarin", + "oleo", + "oleomargarine", + "marge" + ], + "it": [ + "margarina", + "oleomargarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spread made chiefly from vegetable oils and used as a substitute for butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooking oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous vegetable oils used in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drippings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fat that exudes from meat and drips off while it is being roasted or fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable oil", + "oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild vegetable oil when used as food; especially olive or edible rape oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canola oil", + "canola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vegetable oil made from rapeseed; it is high in monounsaturated fatty acids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut oil", + "copra oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from coconuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di mais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from the germs of corn grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonseed oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible oil pressed from cottonseeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio d'oliva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from olives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palm oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di palma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from nuts of oil palms especially the African oil palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut oil", + "groundnut oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di semi di arachide", + "olio di arachidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil from peanuts; used in cooking and making soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio da tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several edible vegetable oils that can be used in salad dressings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safflower oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from seeds of the safflower plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesame oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di sesamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil obtained from sesame seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soybean oil", + "soyabean oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from soya beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunflower oil", + "sunflower-seed oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di semi di girasole", + "olio di girasole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from sunflower seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walnut oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from walnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage" + ], + "it": [ + "insaccati", + "salsiccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly seasoned minced meat stuffed in casings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any meat that is minced and spiced and cooked as patties or used to fill sausages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood sausage", + "blood pudding", + "black pudding" + ], + "it": [ + "sanguinaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a black sausage containing pig's blood and other ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bologna", + "Bologna sausage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large smooth-textured smoked sausage of beef and veal and pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chipolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorizo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spicy Spanish pork sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frank", + "frankfurter", + "hotdog", + "hot dog", + "dog", + "wiener", + "wienerwurst", + "weenie" + ], + "it": [ + "hot dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vienna sausage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short slender frankfurter usually with ends cut off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "another name for Bologna sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headcheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sausage or jellied loaf made of chopped parts of the head meat and sometimes feet and tongue of a calf or pig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knackwurst", + "knockwurst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short thick highly seasoned sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver pudding", + "liver sausage", + "liverwurst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sausage containing ground liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepperoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pork and beef sausage (or a thin slice of this sausage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork sausage" + ], + "it": [ + "lonza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sausage containing pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salami" + ], + "it": [ + "salame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly seasoned fatty sausage of pork and beef usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British informal) pork sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bratwurst", + "brat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pork sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly seasoned Portuguese pork sausage flavored with garlic and onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saveloy" + ], + "it": [ + "cervellata", + "cervellato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ready-cooked and highly seasoned pork sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pork trimmings chopped and pickled and jelled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunch meat", + "luncheon meat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various sausages or molded loaf meats sliced and served cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mincemeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiced mixture of chopped raisins and apples and other ingredients with or without meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffing", + "dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "condimento", + "ripieno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of seasoned ingredients used to stuff meats and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turkey stuffing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stuffing for turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster stuffing", + "oyster dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stuffing made with oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forcemeat", + "farce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of ground raw chicken and mushrooms with pistachios and truffles and onions and parsley and lots of butter and bound with eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread", + "breadstuff", + "staff of life" + ], + "it": [ + "pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anadama bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yeast-raised bread made of white flour and cornmeal and molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small loaf or roll of soft bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barmbrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich currant cake or bun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadstick", + "bread-stick" + ], + "it": [ + "grissino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp stick-shaped roll; often served with soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grissino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long slender crusty breadstick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown bread", + "Boston brown bread" + ], + "it": [ + "pane integrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark steamed bread made of cornmeal wheat and flour with molasses and soda and milk or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bun", + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "focaccia", + "panino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small rounded bread either plain or sweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened buns to be eaten with tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caraway seed bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing caraway seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challah", + "hallah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) a loaf of white bread containing eggs and leavened with yeast; often formed into braided loaves and glazed with eggs before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread flavored with cinnamon often containing raisins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracked-wheat bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made with cracked wheat that has been ground fine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin crisp wafer made of flour and water with or without leavening and shortening; unsweetened or semisweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crouton" + ], + "it": [ + "crostino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of toasted or fried bread; served in soup or salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark bread", + "whole wheat bread", + "whole meal bread", + "brown bread" + ], + "it": [ + "pane nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made with whole wheat flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English muffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round, raised muffin cooked on a griddle; usually split and toasted before being eaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatbread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various breads made from usually unleavened dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French or Italian bread sliced and spread with garlic butter then crisped in the oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluten bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made with gluten flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graham bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made of graham (whole wheat) flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technical name for the bread used in the service of Mass or Holy Communion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatbrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thin wafer-like bread of Scandinavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bannock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat bread made of oat or barley flour; common in New England and Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapatti", + "chapati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat pancake-like bread cooked on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pita", + "pocket bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually small round bread that can open into a pocket for filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loaf of bread", + "loaf" + ], + "it": [ + "pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaped mass of baked bread that is usually sliced before eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the crusty ends of a loaf of bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French loaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loaf of French bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matzo", + "matzoh", + "matzah", + "unleavened bread" + ], + "it": [ + "pane azzimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brittle flat bread eaten at Passover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nan", + "naan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leavened bread baked in a clay oven in India; usually shaped like a teardrop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing finely minced onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing raisins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breads made with a leavening agent that permits immediate baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moist bread containing banana pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing chopped dates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date-nut bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing chopped dates and nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread containing chopped nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oatcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin flat unleavened cake of baked oatmeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish soda bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round loaf made with soda and buttermilk; often containing caraway seeds and raisins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skillet bread", + "fry bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually cooked in a skillet over an open fire: especially cornbread with ham bits and sometimes Irish soda bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye bread" + ], + "it": [ + "pane di segale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various breads made entirely or partly with rye flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bread", + "pumpernickel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made of coarse rye flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewish rye bread", + "Jewish rye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) bread made with rye flour; usually contains caraway seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rye bread made with molasses or brown sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish rye bread", + "Swedish rye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moist aromatic yeast-raised bread made with rye flour and molasses and orange rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt-rising bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white wheat bread raised by a salt-tolerant bacterium in a mixture of salt and either cornmeal or potato pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp bread of fine white flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour bread", + "sourdough bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made with a starter of a small amount of dough in which fermentation is active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toast" + ], + "it": [ + "toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slices of bread that have been toasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wafer" + ], + "it": [ + "ostia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin disk of unleavened bread used in a religious service (especially in the celebration of the Eucharist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white bread", + "light bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made with finely ground and usually bleached wheat flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baguet", + "baguette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow French stick loaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French bread" + ], + "it": [ + "baguette", + "pane francese", + "sfilatino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crusty sourdough bread often baked in long slender tapered loaves or baguettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsweetened yeast-raised bread made without shortening and baked in long thick loaves with tapered ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornbread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread made primarily of cornmeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked in a pan or on a griddle (southern and midland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skillet corn bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornbread usually containing ham or bacon bits and cooked in a skillet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashcake", + "ash cake", + "corn tash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn bread wrapped in cabbage leaves and baked in hot ashes (southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoecake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin usually unleavened johnnycake made of cornmeal; originally baked on the blade of a hoe over an open fire (southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornpone", + "pone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornbread often made without milk or eggs and baked or fried (southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn dab", + "corn dodger", + "dodger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small oval cake of corn bread baked or fried (chiefly southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush puppy", + "hushpuppy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-fried cornbread ball (southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "johnnycake", + "johnny cake", + "journey cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornbread usually cooked pancake-style on a griddle (chiefly New England)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shawnee cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of johnnycake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoon bread", + "batter bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft bread made of cornmeal and sometimes rice or hominy; must be served with a spoon (chiefly southern)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buttered toast with sugar and cinnamon (and nutmeg and grated lemon peel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buttered toast with sugar and grated orange rind and a little orange juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melba toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very thin crisp brown toast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zwieback", + "rusk", + "Brussels biscuit", + "twice-baked bread" + ], + "it": [ + "fetta biscottata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slice of sweet raised bread baked again until it is brown and hard and crisp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frankfurter bun", + "hotdog bun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long bun shaped to hold a frankfurter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamburger bun", + "hamburger roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a round bun shaped to hold a hamburger patty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muffin", + "gem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet quick bread baked in a cup-shaped pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bran muffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muffin containing bran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn muffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornbread muffin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yorkshire pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light puffy bread made of a puff batter and traditionally baked in the pan with roast beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light hollow muffin made of a puff batter (individual Yorkshire pudding) baked in a deep muffin cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small biscuit (rich with cream and eggs) cut into diamonds or sticks and baked in an oven or (especially originally) on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop scone", + "griddlecake", + "Scotch pancake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scone made by dropping a spoonful of batter on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross bun", + "hot cross bun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderately sweet raised roll containing spices and raisins and citron and decorated with a cross-shaped sugar glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring-shaped coffeecake with fruits or nuts and often iced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brioche" + ], + "it": [ + "brioche", + "brioscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light roll rich with eggs and butter and somewhat sweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crescent roll", + "croissant" + ], + "it": [ + "cornetto", + "croissant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very rich flaky crescent-shaped roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard roll", + "Vienna roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast-raised roll with a hard crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast-raised roll with a soft crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaiser roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rounded raised poppy-seed roll made of a square piece of dough by folding the corners in to the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parker House roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast-raised dinner roll made by folding a disk of dough before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clover-leaf roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast-raised dinner roll made by baking three small balls of dough in each cup of a muffin pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yeast-raised roll flavored with onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bialy", + "bialystoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat crusty-bottomed onion roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet roll", + "coffee roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous yeast-raised sweet rolls with our without raisins or nuts or spices or a glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear claw", + "bear paw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almond-flavored yeast-raised pastry shaped in an irregular semicircle resembling a bear's claw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon roll", + "cinnamon bun", + "cinnamon snail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rolled dough spread with cinnamon and sugar (and raisins) then sliced before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey bun", + "sticky bun", + "caramel bun", + "schnecken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rolled dough spread with sugar and nuts then sliced and baked in muffin tins with honey or sugar and butter in the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinwheel roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinwheel-shaped rolls spread with cinnamon and sugar and filled with e.g. jam before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danish", + "danish pastry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light sweet yeast-raised roll usually filled with fruits or cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagel", + "beigel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion bagel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bagel flavored with onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biscuit" + ], + "it": [ + "biscotto", + "biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small round bread leavened with baking-powder or soda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rolled biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biscuit made from dough rolled and cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biscuit made from dough with enough milk that it can be dropped from a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baking-powder biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leavened with baking powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttermilk biscuit", + "soda biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tender biscuit partially leavened with buttermilk and soda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortcake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very short biscuit dough baked as individual biscuits or a round loaf; served with sweetened fruit and usually whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardtack", + "pilot biscuit", + "pilot bread", + "sea biscuit", + "ship biscuit" + ], + "it": [ + "galletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hard unsalted biscuit or bread; a former ship's staple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wafer" + ], + "it": [ + "cialda", + "wafer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin crisp cake or cookie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandysnap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gingersnap flavored with brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cracker sprinkled with salt before baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unsweetened cracker leavened slightly with soda and cream of tartar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small dry usually round cracker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water biscuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flour-and-water biscuit usually made without shortening; often served with cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graham cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisweet whole-wheat cracker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretzel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glazed and salted cracker typically in the shape of a loose knot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft pretzel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pretzel made of soft bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwich" + ], + "it": [ + "sandwich", + "tramezzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two (or more) slices of bread with a filling between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwich plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving consisting of a sandwich or sandwiches with garnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich made with a filling of sliced ham" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich made with a filling of sliced chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club sandwich", + "three-decker", + "triple-decker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made with three slices of usually toasted bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open-face sandwich", + "open sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandwich without a covering slice of bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamburger", + "beefburger", + "burger" + ], + "it": [ + "hamburger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich consisting of a fried cake of minced beef served on a bun, often with other ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheeseburger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hamburger with melted cheese on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunaburger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich that resembles a hamburger but made with tuna instead of beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotdog", + "hot dog", + "red hot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frankfurter served hot on a bun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sloppy Joe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground beef (not a patty) cooked in a spicy sauce and served on a bun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomber", + "grinder", + "hero", + "hero sandwich", + "hoagie", + "hoagy", + "Cuban sandwich", + "Italian sandwich", + "poor boy", + "sub", + "submarine", + "submarine sandwich", + "torpedo", + "wedge", + "zep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large sandwich made of a long crusty roll split lengthwise and filled with meats and cheese (and tomato and onion and lettuce and condiments); different names are used in different sections of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek sandwich: sliced roast lamb with onion and tomato stuffed into pita bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacon-lettuce-tomato sandwich", + "BLT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandwich filled with slices of bacon and tomato with lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reuben" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hot sandwich with corned beef and Swiss cheese and sauerkraut on rye bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western", + "western sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich made from a western omelet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandwich in which the filling is rolled up in a soft tortilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasta", + "alimentary paste" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta", + "pasta asciutta", + "pastasciutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shaped and dried dough made from flour and water and sometimes egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farfalle", + "bowtie pasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta shaped with scalloped edges and pinched in the middle, suggestive of a bow tie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ribbonlike strip of pasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orzo" + ], + "it": [ + "armellette", + "armelline", + "avena", + "avena grande", + "chicchi di riso", + "cicorie", + "cicorietta", + "occhi di giudeo", + "orzo", + "puntalette", + "punte-d'ago", + "puntine", + "risetto", + "semi d'avena", + "semi d'orzo", + "semi di cicoria", + "semi di riso", + "semini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta shaped like pearls of barley; frequently prepared with lamb in Greek cuisine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg noodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow strip of pasta dough made with eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti" + ], + "it": [ + "spaghetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in the form of long strings" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta a forma di fili lunghi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti served with a tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghettini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin spaghetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortellini" + ], + "it": [ + "cappelletto", + "tortellini", + "tortellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small ring-shaped stuffed pasta" + ], + "it": [ + "un tipo di pasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ziti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tubular pasta in short pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigatoni" + ], + "it": [ + "rigatoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tubular pasta in short ribbed pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fedelline" + ], + "it": [ + "barbine a nido", + "bassetti", + "capelli d'angelo", + "capellini d'angelo", + "capellini fini", + "capelvenere", + "cappellini", + "fedelini", + "fidelini", + "sopracappellini", + "tagliolini a nido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely fine pasta thinner than vermicelli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguine", + "linguini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in long slender flat strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fettuccine", + "fettuccini" + ], + "it": [ + "fettuccine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in flat strips wider than linguine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fettuccine Alfredo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fettuccine in cream sauce with cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermicelli" + ], + "it": [ + "vermicelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in strings thinner than spaghetti" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta piu` spessa degli spaghetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaroni" + ], + "it": [ + "maccheroni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in the form of slender tubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasagna", + "lasagne" + ], + "it": [ + "lasagna", + "lasagne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very wide flat strips of pasta" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta composta da rettangoli sottili sovrapposti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta in short tubes with diagonally cut ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravioli", + "cappelletti" + ], + "it": [ + "ravioli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small circular or square cases of dough with savory fillings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagliatelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta cut in narrow ribbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicotti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pasta tubes stuffed with chopped meat or mild cheese and baked in tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couscous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasta made in northern Africa of crushed and steamed semolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnocchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Italian) a small dumpling made of potato or flour or semolina that is boiled or baked and is usually served with a sauce or with grated cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matzo ball", + "matzoh ball", + "matzah ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jewish dumpling made of matzo meal; usually served in soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "won ton", + "wonton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese dumpling filled with spiced minced pork; usually served in soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumpling", + "dumplings" + ], + "it": [ + "gnocco", + "gnocco di pasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small balls or strips of boiled or steamed dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any natural or prepared food popularly believed to promote good health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junk food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that tastes good but is high in calories having little nutritional value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any food (especially cereal) usually served for breakfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cereal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breakfast food prepared from grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muesli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of untoasted dry cereals and fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pablum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft form of cereal for infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot cereal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cereal that is served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mush", + "cornmeal mush" + ], + "it": [ + "pappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornmeal boiled in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eaten as mush or as a thin gruel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hasty pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cornmeal mush served with sweetening (maple syrup or brown sugar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick mush made of cornmeal boiled in stock or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hasty pudding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened porridge made of tapioca or flour or oatmeal cooked quickly in milk or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gruel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin porridge (usually oatmeal or cornmeal)" + ], + "it": [ + "farinata semiliquida a base di farina di avena o granoturco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congee", + "jook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese rice gruel eaten for breakfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skilly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin porridge or soup (usually oatmeal and water flavored with meat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grits", + "hominy grits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarsely ground hulled corn boiled as a breakfast dish in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kasha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boiled or baked buckwheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frumenty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet spiced porridge made from hulled wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold cereal", + "dry cereal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cereal that is not heated before serving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cereal made of especially rolled oats with dried fruits and nuts and honey or brown sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granola bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cookie bar made of granola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin bran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bran flakes with raisins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn flake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp flake made from corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bran flake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheat flake including the bran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheatflake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp flake made from wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffed rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffy rice kernels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puffed wheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffy wheat berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "green goods", + "green groceries", + "garden truck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible reproductive body of a seed plant especially one having sweet flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetable", + "veggie", + "veg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "julienne", + "julienne vegetable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vegetable cut into thin strips (usually used as a garnish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any green goods that are good to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw vegetable", + "rabbit food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncooked vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crudites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raw vegetables cut into bite-sized strips and served with a dip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celery stalks cut into small sticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legume" + ], + "it": [ + "legume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seedpod of a leguminous plant (such as peas or beans or lentils)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse" + ], + "it": [ + "civaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible seeds of various pod-bearing plants (peas or beans or lentils etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potherb" + ], + "it": [ + "erba", + "erba aromatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbaceous plants whose leaves or stems or flowers are cooked and used for food or seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greens", + "green", + "leafy vegetable" + ], + "it": [ + "erba commestibile", + "erbaggi", + "ortaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various leafy plants or their leaves and stems eaten as vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop-suey greens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent and aromatic young dark green leaves used in Chinese and Vietnamese and Japanese cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean curd", + "tofu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheeselike food made of curdled soybean milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solanaceous vegetable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fruits of plants of the family Solanaceae; especially of the genera Solanum, Capsicum, and Lycopersicon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root vegetable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fleshy edible underground roots or tubers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato", + "white potato", + "Irish potato", + "murphy", + "spud", + "tater" + ], + "it": [ + "patata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baked potato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potato that has been cooked by baking it in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "french fries", + "french-fried potatoes", + "fries", + "chips" + ], + "it": [ + "patatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of potato fried in deep fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home fries", + "home-fried potatoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sliced pieces of potato fried in a pan until brown and crisp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket potato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baked potato served with the jacket on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer skin of a potato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mashed potato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potato that has been peeled and boiled and then mashed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato skin", + "potato peel", + "potato peelings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp fried potato peeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguay potato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to the common potato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible tuberous root of various yam plants of the genus Dioscorea grown in the tropics world-wide for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet potato" + ], + "it": [ + "patata americana", + "patata dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible tuberous root of the sweet potato vine which is grown widely in warm regions of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet potato with deep orange flesh that remains moist when baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snack food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food for light meals or for eating between meals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "crisp", + "potato chip", + "Saratoga chip" + ], + "it": [ + "patatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin crisp slice of potato fried in deep fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin piece of cornmeal dough fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortilla chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece of tortilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nacho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tortilla chip topped with cheese and chili-pepper and broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggplant", + "aubergine", + "mad apple" + ], + "it": [ + "melanzana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-shaped vegetable having a shiny skin typically dark purple but occasionally white or yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pieplant", + "rhubarb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long pinkish sour leafstalks usually eaten cooked and sweetened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruciferous vegetable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vegetable of the mustard family: especially mustard greens; various cabbages; broccoli; cauliflower; brussels sprouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard", + "mustard greens", + "leaf mustard", + "Indian mustard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves eaten as cooked greens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage", + "chou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various types of cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kale", + "kail", + "cole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse curly-leafed cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collards", + "collard greens" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolo nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kale that has smooth leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese cabbage", + "celery cabbage", + "Chinese celery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated head of crisp celery-like stalks and light green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bok choy", + "bok choi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated head of dark green leaves on thick white stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head cabbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several varieties of cabbage having a large compact globular head; may be steamed or boiled or stir-fried or used raw in coleslaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red cabbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact head of purplish-red leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savoy cabbage", + "savoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of soft crinkly leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broccoli" + ], + "it": [ + "broccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branched green undeveloped flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cauliflower" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolfiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact head of white undeveloped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brussels sprouts" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolino", + "cavolino di Bruxelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small edible cabbage-like buds growing along a stalk of the brussels sprout plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broccoli rabe", + "broccoli raab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly bitter dark green leaves and clustered flower buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible fruit of a squash plant; eaten as a vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fruits of the gourd family that mature during the summer; eaten while immature and before seeds and rind harden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash having yellow skin and yellowish flesh and usually elongated neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crookneck", + "crookneck squash", + "summer crookneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow squash with a thin curved neck and somewhat warty skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zucchini", + "courgette" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cucumber-shaped vegetable marrow; typically dark green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrow", + "vegetable marrow" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large elongated squash with creamy to deep green skins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocozelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squash resembling zucchini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pattypan squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round greenish-white squash having one face flattened with a scalloped edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized oval squash with flesh in the form of strings that resemble spaghetti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various fruits of the gourd family with thick rinds and edible yellow to orange flesh that mature in the fall and can be stored for several months" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acorn squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dark green or yellow ribbed squash with yellow to orange flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butternut squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buff-colored squash with a long usually straight neck and sweet orange flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hubbard squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large football-shaped winter squash with a warty grey-green rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turban squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large squash shaped somewhat like a turban usually with a rounded central portion protruding from the blossom end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttercup squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drum-shaped squash with dark green rind marked in silver or grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globose or ovoid squash with striped grey and green warty rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter crookneck squash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squash with a hard rind and an elongated curved neck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cucumber", + "cuke" + ], + "it": [ + "cetriolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylindrical green fruit with thin green rind and white flesh eaten as a vegetable; related to melons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gherkin" + ], + "it": [ + "cetriolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small prickly cucumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artichoke", + "globe artichoke" + ], + "it": [ + "carciofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thistlelike flower head with edible fleshy leaves and heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artichoke heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tender fleshy center of the immature artichoke flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem artichoke", + "sunchoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sunflower tuber eaten raw or boiled or sliced thin and fried as Saratoga chips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asparagus" + ], + "it": [ + "asparago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible young shoots of the asparagus plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboo shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible young shoots of bamboo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprout" + ], + "it": [ + "buttata", + "germoglio", + "getto", + "tallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newly grown bud (especially from a germinating seed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean sprout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various sprouted beans: especially mung beans or lentils or edible soybeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alfalfa sprout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprouted alfalfa seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet", + "beetroot" + ], + "it": [ + "barbabietola", + "bietola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round red root vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young leaves of the beetroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar beet" + ], + "it": [ + "barbabietola da zucchero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-rooted beet grown as a source of sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangel-wurzel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated as feed for livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chard", + "Swiss chard", + "spinach beet", + "leaf beet" + ], + "it": [ + "bietola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long succulent whitish stalks with large green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet and hot varieties of fruits of plants of the genus Capsicum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mild crisp thick-walled capsicum peppers usually bell-shaped or somewhat oblong; commonly used in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large bell-shaped sweet pepper in green or red or yellow or orange or black varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green pepper" + ], + "it": [ + "peperone verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet pepper that becomes red when ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round sweet pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimento", + "pimiento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fully ripened sweet red pepper; usually cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pungent capsicum fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili", + "chili pepper", + "chilli", + "chilly", + "chile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hot and finely tapering pepper of special pungency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jalapeno", + "jalapeno pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hot green or red pepper of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chipotle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ripe jalapeno that has been dried for use in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cayenne", + "cayenne pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and often twisted hot red pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabasco", + "red pepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hot red peppers; usually long and thin; some very small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion" + ], + "it": [ + "cipolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic flavorful vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda onion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild flat onion grown in warm areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green onion", + "spring onion", + "scallion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young onion before the bulb has enlarged; eaten in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vidalia onion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet-flavored onion grown in Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish onion" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large mild and succulent onion; often eaten raw" + ], + "it": [ + "cipolla di Spagna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple onion", + "red onion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat mild onion having purplish tunics; used as garnish on hamburgers and salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "related to onions; white cylindrical bulb and flat dark-green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallot" + ], + "it": [ + "scalogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small mild-flavored onion-like or garlic-like clustered bulbs used for seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad green", + "salad greens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greens suitable for eating uncooked as in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lettuce" + ], + "it": [ + "insalata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves of any of various plants of Lactuca sativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterhead lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with relatively soft leaves in a loose head; easily broken or bruised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttercrunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with delicate and relatively crunchy leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bibb lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with relatively crisp leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with relatively soft leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisphead lettuce", + "iceberg lettuce", + "iceberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with crisp tightly packed light-green leaves in a firm head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cos", + "cos lettuce", + "romaine", + "romaine lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with long dark-green leaves in a loosely packed elongated head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf lettuce", + "loose-leaf lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce with loosely curled leaves that do not form a compact head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celtuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves having celery-like stems eaten raw or cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean", + "edible bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various edible seeds of plants of the family Leguminosae used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goa bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World tropical bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lentil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round flat seed of the lentil plant used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of a pea plant used for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green pea", + "garden pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh pea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrowfat pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of large pea that is commonly processed and sold in cans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow pea", + "sugar pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green peas with flat edible pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar snap pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green peas with edible pods that are very crisp and not flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split-pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried hulled pea; used in soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickpea", + "garbanzo" + ], + "it": [ + "cece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large white roundish Asiatic legume; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cajan pea", + "pigeon pea", + "dahl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small highly nutritious seed of the tropical pigeon-pea plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse small-seeded pea often used as food when young and tender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushy peas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marrowfat peas that have been soaked overnight and then boiled; served with fish and chips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-eyed pea", + "cowpea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eaten fresh as shell beans or dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous beans eaten either fresh or dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney bean" + ], + "it": [ + "borlotto", + "fagiolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large dark red bean; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navy bean", + "pea bean", + "white bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-seeded bean; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinto bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mottled or spotted bean of southwestern United States; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frijole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican bean; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black bean", + "turtle bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black-seeded bean of South America; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beans eaten before they are ripe as opposed to dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flageolet", + "haricot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French bean variety with light-colored seeds; usually dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immature bean pod eaten as a vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap bean", + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tender green beans without strings that easily snap into sections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "green beans with strings that must be removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky wonder", + "Kentucky wonder bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat-podded green bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet runner", + "scarlet runner bean", + "runner bean", + "English runner bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long bean pods usually sliced into half-inch lengths; a favorite in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haricot vert", + "haricots verts", + "French bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small and slender green bean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax bean", + "yellow bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snap beans with yellow pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unripe beans removed from the pod before cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lima bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broad flat beans simmered gently; never eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fordhooks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively large lima beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieva bean", + "butter bean", + "butterbean", + "civet bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flat green bean similar to lima beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fava bean", + "broad bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shell beans cooked as lima beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soy", + "soybean", + "soya", + "soya bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known; the fruit of the soybean plant is used in a variety of foods and as fodder (especially as a replacement for animal protein)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green soybean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seeds shelled and cooked as lima beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field soybean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seeds used as livestock feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardoon" + ], + "it": [ + "cardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "only parts eaten are roots and especially stalks (blanched and used as celery); related to artichokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange root; important source of carotene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stick of carrot eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery" + ], + "it": [ + "sedano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalks eaten raw or cooked or used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pascal celery", + "Paschal celery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several types of commercially grown celery having green stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celeriac", + "celery root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thickened edible aromatic root of a variety of celery plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicory", + "curly endive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp spiky leaves with somewhat bitter taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radicchio" + ], + "it": [ + "radicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prized variety of chicory having globose heads of red leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee substitute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink resembling coffee that is sometimes substituted for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicory", + "chicory root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root of the chicory plant roasted and ground to substitute for or adulterate coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Postum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade mark for a coffee substitute invented by C. W. Post and made with chicory and roasted grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicory escarole", + "endive", + "escarole" + ], + "it": [ + "scariola", + "scarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of endive having leaves with irregular frilled edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian endive", + "French endive", + "witloof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young broad-leaved endive plant deprived of light to form a narrow whitish head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn", + "edible corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ears of corn that can be prepared and served for human food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet corn", + "green corn" + ], + "it": [ + "granturco dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn that can be eaten as a vegetable while still young and soft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hominy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hulled corn with the bran and germ removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lye hominy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hominy prepared by bleaching in lye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl hominy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hominy prepared by milling to pellets of medium size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popcorn" + ], + "it": [ + "popcorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small kernels of corn exploded by heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent leaves of any of numerous cruciferous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercress" + ], + "it": [ + "crescione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cresses that grow in clear ponds and streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden cress" + ], + "it": [ + "agretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cress cultivated for salads and garnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter cress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cress cultivated for winter salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandelion green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible leaves of the common dandelion collected from the wild; used in salads and in making wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gumbo", + "okra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long mucilaginous green pods; may be simmered or sauteed but used especially in soups and stews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kohlrabi", + "turnip cabbage" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolo rapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem of the kohlrabi plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb's-quarter", + "pigweed", + "wild spinach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves collected from the wild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild spinach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafy greens collected from the wild and used as a substitute for spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato" + ], + "it": [ + "pomodoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mildly acid red or yellow pulpy fruit eaten as a vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several large tomatoes with thick flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red to yellow tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of cherry tomato that is frequently used in cooking rather than eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomatillo", + "husk tomato", + "Mexican husk tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small edible yellow to purple tomato-like fruit enclosed in a bladderlike husk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy body of any of numerous edible fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mushrooms stuffed with any of numerous mixtures of e.g. meats or nuts or seafood or spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two long roots eaten cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster plant", + "vegetable oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long white salsify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorzonera", + "black salsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long black salsify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsnip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish edible root; eaten cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkin" + ], + "it": [ + "zucca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually large pulpy deep-yellow round fruit of the squash family maturing in late summer or early autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent fleshy edible root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "root of any of several members of the mustard family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white turnip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white root of a turnip plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rutabaga", + "swede", + "swedish turnip", + "yellow turnip" + ], + "it": [ + "rapa svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the large yellow root of a rutabaga plant used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnip greens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tender leaves of young white turnips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorrel", + "common sorrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sour-tasting arrowhead-shaped leaves used in salads and sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French sorrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greens having small tart oval to pointed leaves; preferred to common sorrel for salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark green leaves; eaten cooked or raw in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taro", + "taro root", + "cocoyam", + "dasheen", + "edda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical starchy tuberous root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truffle", + "earthnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible subterranean fungus of the genus Tuber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard-shelled seed consisting of an edible kernel or meat enclosed in a woody or leathery shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunya bunya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut tasting like roasted chestnuts; a staple food of Australian aborigines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut", + "earthnut", + "goober", + "goober pea", + "groundnut", + "monkey nut" + ], + "it": [ + "arachide", + "nocciolina", + "nocciolina americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pod of the peanut vine containing usually 2 nuts or seeds; `groundnut' and `monkey nut' are British terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible bulbous tuber of a Chinese marsh plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit (especially peach) whose flesh does not adhere to the pit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling", + "clingstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit (especially peach) whose flesh adheres strongly to the pit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peel", + "skin" + ], + "it": [ + "buccia", + "mondatura", + "mondiglia", + "pelle", + "scorza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rind of a fruit or vegetable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana peel", + "banana skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the skin of a banana (especially when it is stripped off and discarded)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon peel", + "lemon rind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rind of a lemon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange peel", + "orange rind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rind of an orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit that has fallen from the tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple" + ], + "it": [ + "mela", + "pomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto del melo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab apple", + "crabapple" + ], + "it": [ + "mela selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sour apple; suitable for preserving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eating apple", + "dessert apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apple used primarily for eating raw without cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baldwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American eating apple with red or yellow and red skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large apple with a red skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cox's Orange Pippin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a yellow Pippin with distinctive flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delicious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of sweet eating apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Delicious", + "Yellow Delicious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet eating apple with yellow skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Delicious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet eating apple with bright red skin; most widely grown apple worldwide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eating apple that somewhat resembles a McIntosh; used as both an eating and a cooking apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grimes' golden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow apple that ripens in late autumn; eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonathan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red late-ripening apple; primarily eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McIntosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early-ripening apple popular in the northeastern United States; primarily eaten raw but suitable for applesauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macoun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to McIntosh; juicy and late-ripening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Spy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large late-ripening apple with skin striped with yellow and red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pearmain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several varieties of apples with red skins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pippin" + ], + "it": [ + "ranetta", + "renetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous superior eating apples with yellow or greenish yellow skin flushed with red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used primarily as eating apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stayman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple grown chiefly in the Shenandoah Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winesap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp apple with dark red skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stayman Winesap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crisp tart apple; good for eating raw and suitable for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooking apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apple used primarily in cooking for pies and applesauce etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bramley's Seedling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large cooking apple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Granny Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple with a green skin and hard tart flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lane's Prince Albert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple used primarily in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newtown Wonder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple used primarily in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rome Beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large red apple used primarily for baking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berry" + ], + "it": [ + "bacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small and pulpy edible fruits; used as desserts or in making jams and jellies and preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilberry", + "whortleberry", + "European blueberry" + ], + "it": [ + "mirtillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue-black berries similar to American blueberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckleberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue-black berry similar to blueberries and bilberries of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet edible dark-blue berries of either low-growing or high-growing blueberry plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wintergreen", + "boxberry", + "checkerberry", + "teaberry", + "spiceberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy red berrylike fruit; source of wintergreen oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tart red berry used for sauce or juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingonberry", + "mountain cranberry", + "cowberry", + "lowbush cranberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tart red berries similar to American cranberries but smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tart red or black berries used primarily for jellies and jams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gooseberry" + ], + "it": [ + "uva spina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "currant-like berry used primarily in jams and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black currant" + ], + "it": [ + "ribes nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small black berries used in jams and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red currant" + ], + "it": [ + "ribes rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small red berries used primarily in jams and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackberry" + ], + "it": [ + "mora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sweet black or very dark purple edible aggregate fruit of any of various bushes of the genus Rubus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boysenberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large raspberry-flavored fruit; cross between blackberries and raspberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dewberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blackberry-like fruits of any of several trailing blackberry bushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loganberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large red variety of the dewberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raspberry" + ], + "it": [ + "lampone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red or black edible aggregate berries usually smaller than the related blackberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saskatoon", + "serviceberry", + "shadberry", + "juneberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible purple or red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lanseh", + "lansa", + "lansat", + "lanset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tart yellow berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet fleshy red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarberry", + "hackberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small edible dark purple to black berry with large pits; southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persimmon" + ], + "it": [ + "cachi", + "kaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange fruit resembling a plum; edible when fully ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acerola", + "barbados cherry", + "surinam cherry", + "West Indian cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid red or yellow cherry-like fruit of a tropical American shrub very rich in vitamin C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carambola", + "star fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deeply ridged yellow-brown tropical fruit; used raw as a vegetable or in salad or when fully ripe as a dessert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceriman", + "monstera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical cylindrical fruit resembling a pinecone with pineapple-banana flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carissa plum", + "natal plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible scarlet plumlike fruit of a South African plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrus", + "citrus fruit", + "citrous fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "agrume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fruits of the genus Citrus having thick rind and juicy pulp; grown in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ], + "it": [ + "spicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a segment of a citrus fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange" + ], + "it": [ + "arancia", + "portogallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round yellow to orange fruit of any of several citrus trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temple orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sweet easily-peeled Florida fruit with deep orange rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin", + "mandarin orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a somewhat flat reddish-orange loose skinned citrus of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clementine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mandarin orange of a deep reddish orange color and few seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satsuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized largely seedless mandarin orange with thin smooth skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangerine" + ], + "it": [ + "clementina", + "mandarancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various deep orange mandarins grown in the United States and southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangelo", + "ugli", + "ugli fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sweet juicy hybrid between tangerine and grapefruit having a thick wrinkled skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter orange", + "Seville orange", + "sour orange" + ], + "it": [ + "arancia amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly acidic orange used especially in marmalade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange with sweet juicy pulp; often has a thin skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaffa orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet almost seedless orange of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navel orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seedless orange enclosing a small secondary fruit at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valencia orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of sweet orange cultivated extensively in Florida and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kumquat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small oval citrus fruit with thin sweet rind and very acid pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow oval fruit with juicy acidic flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the green acidic fruit of any of various lime trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellow-green limes of southern Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapefruit" + ], + "it": [ + "pompelmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large yellow fruit with somewhat acid juicy pulp; usual serving consists of a half" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomelo", + "shaddock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pear-shaped fruit similar to grapefruit but with coarse dry pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more aromatic and acid tasting than oranges; used in beverages and marmalade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citron" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large lemonlike fruit with thick aromatic rind; usually preserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond" + ], + "it": [ + "mandorla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oval-shaped edible seed of the almond tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordan almond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an almond covered with a sugar coating that is hard and flavored and colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apricot" + ], + "it": [ + "albicocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "downy yellow to rosy-colored fruit resembling a small peach" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto dell'albicocco, tipicamente di colore giallo-arancione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach" + ], + "it": [ + "pesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "downy juicy fruit with sweet yellowish or whitish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nectarine" + ], + "it": [ + "nettarina", + "noce pesca", + "nocepesca", + "pesca noce", + "pescanoce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety or mutation of the peach that has a smooth skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitahaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly colored edible fruit of pitahaya cactus having bright red juice; often as large as a peach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum" + ], + "it": [ + "prugna", + "susina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous varieties of small to medium-sized round or oval fruit having a smooth skin and a single pit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damson", + "damson plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark purple plum of the damson tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greengage", + "greengage plum" + ], + "it": [ + "susina Regina Claudia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet green or greenish-yellow variety of plum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dark purple fruit used especially in jams and pies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sour dark purple fruit of especially the Allegheny plum bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large red plum served as dessert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dried fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit preserved by drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dried apricot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apricots preserved by drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prune" + ], + "it": [ + "prugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried plum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raisin" + ], + "it": [ + "passerina", + "uva passera", + "uvetta", + "uva passa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedless raisin", + "sultana" + ], + "it": [ + "sultanina", + "uva sultanina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried seedless grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeded raisin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seeded grape that has been dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currant" + ], + "it": [ + "uva passa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small dried seedless raisin grown in the Mediterranean region and California; used in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig" + ], + "it": [ + "fico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy sweet pear-shaped yellowish or purple multiple fruit eaten fresh or preserved or dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pineapple", + "ananas" + ], + "it": [ + "ananas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large sweet fleshy tropical fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy pear", + "river pear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian fruit resembling the mango; often pickled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana" + ], + "it": [ + "banana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elongated crescent-shaped yellow fruit with soft sweet flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passion fruit" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto della passione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-shaped tropical fruit of certain passionflower vines; used for sherbets and confectionery and drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the egg-shaped edible fruit of tropical American vines related to passionflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet calabash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apple-sized passion fruit of the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell apple", + "sweet cup", + "water lemon", + "yellow granadilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible yellow fruit of the Jamaica honeysuckle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadfruit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "frutto dell'albero del pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large round seedless or seeded fruit with a texture like bread; eaten boiled or baked or roasted or ground into flour; the roasted seeds resemble chestnuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackfruit", + "jak", + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto dell'albero del pane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immense East Indian fruit resembling breadfruit; it contains an edible pulp and nutritious seeds that are commonly roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacao bean", + "cocoa bean" + ], + "it": [ + "cacao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the cacao tree; ground roasted beans are source of chocolate" + ], + "it": [ + "semi del cacao" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa" + ], + "it": [ + "cacao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder of ground roasted cacao beans with most of the fat removed" + ], + "it": [ + "sostanza alimentare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canistel", + "eggfruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovoid orange-yellow mealy sweet fruit of Florida and West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fruits of the gourd family having a hard rind and sweet juicy flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melon ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bite of melon cut as a sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskmelon", + "sweet melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a muskmelon vine; any of several sweet melons related to cucumbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantaloup", + "cantaloupe" + ], + "it": [ + "cantalupo", + "zatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a cantaloup vine; small to medium-sized melon with yellowish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of the winter melon vine; a green melon with pale green to orange flesh that keeps well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeydew", + "honeydew melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a variety of winter melon vine; a large smooth greenish-white melon with pale green flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a variety of winter melon vine; a large green melon with orange flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net melon", + "netted melon", + "nutmeg melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of a variety of muskmelon vine; a melon with netlike markings and deep green flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casaba", + "casaba melon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melon having yellowish rind and whitish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watermelon" + ], + "it": [ + "anguria", + "cocomero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large oblong or roundish melon with a hard green rind and sweet watery red or occasionally yellowish pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "cerasa", + "ciliegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red fruit with a single hard stone" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cherry", + "black cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several fruits of cultivated cherry trees that have sweet flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bing cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark red or blackish sweet cherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart cherry", + "oxheart", + "oxheart cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heart-shaped sweet cherry with soft flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackheart", + "blackheart cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heart cherry with dark flesh and skin cherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capulin", + "Mexican black cherry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican black cherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour cherry" + ], + "it": [ + "amarena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid cherries used for pies and preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amarelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale red sour cherry with colorless or nearly colorless juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated sour cherry with dark-colored skin and juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa plum", + "coco plum", + "icaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plum-shaped whitish to almost black fruit used for preserves; tropical American" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gherkin" + ], + "it": [ + "cetriolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various small cucumbers pickled whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape" + ], + "it": [ + "acino", + "chicco", + "chicco d'uva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various juicy fruit of the genus Vitis with green or purple skins; grow in clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purplish-black wild grape of the eastern United States with tough skins that slip easily from the flesh; cultivated in many varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Concord grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slipskin grape; a purple table grape of the northeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catawba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slipskin grape; a reddish American table grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscadine", + "bullace grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dull-purple grape of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuppernong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amber-green muscadine grape of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipskin grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grape whose skin slips readily from the pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinifera grape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grape from a cultivated variety of the common grape vine of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emperor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red table grape of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscat", + "muscatel", + "muscat grape" + ], + "it": [ + "moscato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet aromatic grape used for raisins and wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark reddish-purple table grape of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sultana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellow seedless grape used for raisins and wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tokay" + ], + "it": [ + "tocai", + "tokaj" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of wine grape originally grown in Hungary; the prototype of vinifera grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame tokay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purplish-red table grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thompson Seedless" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seedless green table grape of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custard apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit of any of several tropical American trees of the genus Annona having soft edible pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherimoya", + "cherimolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical fruit with leathery skin and soft pulp; related to custard apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soursop", + "guanabana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large spiny tropical fruit with tart pulp related to custard apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullock's heart", + "Jamaica apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large heart-shaped tropical fruit with soft acid pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetsop", + "annon", + "sugar apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet pulpy tropical fruit with thick scaly rind and shiny black seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whitish tropical fruit with a pinkish tinge related to custard apples; grown in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovoid yellow fruit with very fragrant peach-colored flesh; related to custard apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papaw", + "pawpaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit with yellow flesh; related to custard apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large oval melon-like tropical fruit with yellowish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kai apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African fruit smelling and tasting like apricots; used for pickles and preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ketembilla", + "kitembilla", + "kitambilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maroon-purple gooseberry-like fruit of India having tart-sweet purple pulp used especially for preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ackee", + "akee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red pear-shaped tropical fruit with poisonous seeds; flesh is poisonous when unripe or overripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "durian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge fruit native to southeastern Asia `smelling like Hell and tasting like Heaven'; seeds are roasted and eaten like nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feijoa", + "pineapple guava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark-green kiwi-sized tropical fruit with white flesh; used chiefly for jellies and preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genip", + "Spanish lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round one-inch Caribbean fruit with green leathery skin and sweet juicy translucent pulp; eaten like grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genipap", + "genipap fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succulent orange-sized tropical fruit with a thick rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiwi", + "kiwi fruit", + "Chinese gooseberry" + ], + "it": [ + "kivi", + "kiwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fuzzy brown egg-shaped fruit with slightly tart green flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loquat", + "Japanese plum" + ], + "it": [ + "nespola", + "nespola del Giappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow olive-sized semitropical fruit with a large free stone and relatively little flesh; used for jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangosteen" + ], + "it": [ + "mangostano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two- to three-inch tropical fruit with juicy flesh suggestive of both peaches and pineapples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mango" + ], + "it": [ + "mango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large oval tropical fruit having smooth skin, juicy aromatic pulp, and a large hairy seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapodilla", + "sapodilla plum", + "sapota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fruit with a rough brownish skin and very sweet brownish pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapote", + "mammee", + "marmalade plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown oval fruit flesh makes excellent sherbet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamarind", + "tamarindo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large tropical seed pod with very tangy pulp that is eaten fresh or cooked with rice and fish or preserved for curries and chutneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avocado", + "alligator pear", + "avocado pear", + "aguacate" + ], + "it": [ + "avocado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pear-shaped tropical fruit with green or blackish skin and rich yellowish pulp enclosing a single large seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ], + "it": [ + "dattero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet edible fruit of the date palm with a single long woody seed" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elderberry" + ], + "it": [ + "bacca di sambuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "berrylike fruit of an elder used for e.g. wines and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fruit having yellow skin and pink pulp; eaten fresh or used for e.g. jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mombin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purplish tropical fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog plum", + "yellow mombin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow oval tropical fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog plum", + "wild plum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit of the wild plum of southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaboticaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough-skinned purple grapelike tropical fruit grown in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jujube", + "Chinese date", + "Chinese jujube" + ], + "it": [ + "zizzola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark red plumlike fruit of Old World buckthorn trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litchi", + "litchi nut", + "litchee", + "lichi", + "leechee", + "lichee", + "lychee" + ], + "it": [ + "litchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese fruit having a thin brittle shell enclosing a sweet jellylike pulp and a single seed; often dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longanberry", + "dragon's eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian fruit similar to litchi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mamey", + "mammee", + "mammee apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globular or ovoid tropical fruit with thick russet leathery rind and juicy yellow or reddish flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical fruit from the Philippines having a mass of small seeds embedded in sweetish white pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medlar" + ], + "it": [ + "nespola", + "nespola comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crabapple-like fruit used for preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medlar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South African globular fruit with brown leathery skin and pithy flesh having a sweet-acid taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulberry" + ], + "it": [ + "mora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet usually dark purple blackberry-like fruit of any of several mulberry trees of the genus Morus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "olive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one-seeded fruit of the European olive tree usually pickled and used as a relish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black olive", + "ripe olive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "olives picked ripe and cured in brine then dried or pickled or preserved canned or in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green olive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "olives picked green and pickled in brine; infrequently stuffed with e.g. pimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pear" + ], + "it": [ + "pera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet juicy gritty-textured fruit available in many varieties" + ], + "it": [ + "frutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greenish-yellow pear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anjou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pear with firm flesh and a green skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bartlett", + "bartlett pear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "juicy yellow pear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seckel", + "seckel pear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellowish- to reddish-brown pear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "starchy banana-like fruit; eaten (always cooked) as a staple vegetable throughout the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumcot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hybrid between plum and apricot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomegranate" + ], + "it": [ + "granata", + "melagrana", + "melagranata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large globular fruit having many seeds with juicy red pulp in a tough brownish-red rind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly pear" + ], + "it": [ + "fico d'India" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round or pear-shaped spiny fruit of any of various prickly pear cacti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garambulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbados gooseberry", + "blade apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yellow to orange fruit of the Barbados gooseberry cactus used in desserts and preserves and jellies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quandong", + "quandang", + "quantong", + "native peach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red Australian fruit; used for dessert or in jam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quandong nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible nutlike seed of the quandong fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quince" + ], + "it": [ + "cotogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic acid-tasting pear-shaped fruit used in preserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rambutan", + "rambotan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleasantly acid bright red oval Malayan fruit covered with soft spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulasan", + "pulassan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit of an East Indian tree similar to the rambutan but sweeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant oval yellowish tropical fruit used in jellies and confections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorb", + "sorb apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid gritty-textured fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour gourd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acid-tasting Australian gourd-like fruit with a woody rind and large seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour gourd", + "monkey bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African gourd-like fruit with edible pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edible seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "many are used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumpkin seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible seed of a pumpkin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betel nut", + "areca nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of betel palm; chewed with leaves of the betel pepper and lime as a digestive stimulant and narcotic in southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beechnut" + ], + "it": [ + "faggina", + "faggiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sweet triangular nut of any of various beech trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walnut" + ], + "it": [ + "noce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black walnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American walnut having a very hard and thick woody shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English walnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut with a wrinkled two-lobed seed and hard but relatively thin shell; widely used in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazil nut", + "brazil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three-sided tropical American nut with white oily meat and hard brown shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butternut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oily egg-shaped nut of an American tree of the walnut family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souari nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large nutlike seed of a South American tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashew", + "cashew nut" + ], + "it": [ + "acagiù", + "anacardio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kidney-shaped nut edible only when roasted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chestnut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible nut of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chincapin", + "chinkapin", + "chinquapin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small nut of either of two small chestnut trees of the southern United States; resembles a hazelnut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chinquapin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible nutlike seeds of an American lotus having the flavor of a chinquapin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hazelnut", + "filbert", + "cobnut", + "cob" + ], + "it": [ + "nocciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut of any of several trees of the genus Corylus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut", + "cocoanut" + ], + "it": [ + "noce di cocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hard-shelled oval nut with a fibrous husk containing thick white meat surrounding a central cavity filled (when fresh) with fluid or milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut", + "coconut meat" + ], + "it": [ + "cocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible white meat of a coconut; often shredded for use in e.g. cakes and curries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut milk", + "coconut water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear to whitish fluid from within a fresh coconut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copra" + ], + "it": [ + "copra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried meat of the coconut from which oil is extracted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dika nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible oil-rich seed of wild mango" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dika bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhat astringent paste prepared by grinding and heating seeds of the African wild mango; a staple food of some African peoples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundnut", + "potato bean", + "wild bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutlike tuber; important food of Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grugru nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut of Brazilian or West Indian palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hickory nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small hard-shelled nut of North American hickory trees especially the shagbark hickories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cola extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavoring extracted from the kola nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macadamia nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutlike seed with sweet and crisp white meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth brown oval nut of south central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine nut", + "pignolia", + "pinon nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible seed of any of several nut pines especially some pinons of southwestern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistachio", + "pistachio nut" + ], + "it": [ + "pistacchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nut of Mediterranean trees having an edible green kernel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunflower seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible seed of sunflowers; used as food and poultry feed and as a source of oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flesh of fish used as food" + ], + "it": [ + "la carne del pesce come cibo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltwater fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of fish from the sea used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshwater fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of fish from fresh water used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seafood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible fish (broadly including freshwater fish) or shellfish or roe etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bream", + "sea bream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various saltwater fishes of the family Sparidae or the family Bramidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bream", + "freshwater bream" + ], + "it": [ + "abramide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of various freshwater fishes of North America or of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshwater bass", + "bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various North American freshwater fish with lean flesh (especially of the genus Micropterus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "largemouth bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of largemouth bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallmouth bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of smallmouth bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea bass", + "bass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a saltwater fish of the family Serranidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striped bass", + "striper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caught along the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouper" + ], + "it": [ + "cerna", + "cernia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a saltwater fish similar to sea bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a saltwater fish caught along Atlantic coast of southern U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of a number of slender food fishes especially of Atlantic coasts of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a cod-like fish of the Atlantic waters of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a cod-like fish of North Atlantic waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolphinfish", + "mahimahi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a saltwater fish found in warm waters (especially in Hawaii)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carp" + ], + "it": [ + "carpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a fish that is often farmed; can be baked or braised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalofish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large carp-like North American fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pike" + ], + "it": [ + "luccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly valued northern freshwater fish with lean flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muskellunge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of very large North American pike; a game fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of young or small pike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a large-headed anglerfish of the Atlantic waters of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of numerous North American food fishes with toothless jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catfish", + "mudcat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of scaleless food fish of the southern United States; often farmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous fishes of America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of any of numerous American perch-like fishes of the family Centrarchidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crappie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sunfishes of the genus Pomoxis of central United States rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna", + "tuna fish", + "tunny" + ], + "it": [ + "tonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important warm-water fatty fish of the genus Thunnus of the family Scombridae; usually served as steaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albacore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively small tuna with choice white flesh; major source of canned tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of mostly Pacific food fishes of the genus Sarda of the family Scombridae; related to but smaller than tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluefin", + "bluefin tuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of very large tuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackerel" + ], + "it": [ + "sgombro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of very important usually small (to 18 in) fatty Atlantic fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish mackerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of commercially important fishes especially of the Atlantic coastal waters of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of pompano; warm-water fatty fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squid", + "calamari", + "calamary" + ], + "it": [ + "calamaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Italian cuisine) squid prepared as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blowfish", + "sea squab", + "puffer", + "pufferfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicacy that is highly dangerous because of a potent nerve poison in ovaries and liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blowfish highly prized as a delicacy in Japan but highly dangerous because the skin and organs are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tentacles of octopus prepared as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escargot", + "snail" + ], + "it": [ + "lumaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible terrestrial snail usually served in the shell with a sauce of melted butter and garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle", + "winkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small edible marine snail; steamed in wine or baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whelk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large marine snail much used as food in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small food fishes; especially those caught with hook and line and not available on the market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockfish" + ], + "it": [ + "stoccafisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish cured by being split and air-dried without salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellfish" + ], + "it": [ + "frutti di mare", + "mollusco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat of edible aquatic invertebrate with a shell (especially a mollusk or crustacean)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mussel" + ], + "it": [ + "cozza", + "cozzeca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black marine bivalves usually steamed in wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy" + ], + "it": [ + "acciuga", + "alice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny fishes usually canned or salted; used for hors d'oeuvres or as seasoning in sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy paste" + ], + "it": [ + "pasta d'acciughe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paste made primarily of anchovies; used in sauces and spreads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eel" + ], + "it": [ + "anguilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fatty flesh of eel; an elongate fish found in fresh water in Europe and America; large eels are usually smoked or pickled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoked eel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eel cured by smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young eel; may be sauteed or batter-fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullet", + "grey mullet", + "gray mullet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly valued lean flesh of marine or freshwater mullet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herring" + ], + "it": [ + "aringa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable flesh of fatty fish from shallow waters of northern Atlantic or Pacific; usually salted or pickled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of any of several fish caught off the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lingcod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a fish caught off the Pacific coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kipper", + "kippered herring" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "aringa affumicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salted and smoked herring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloater" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "aringa affumicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fatty herring lightly salted and briefly smoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i77999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickled herring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herring preserved in a pickling liquid (usually brine or vinegar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollmops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pickled herring filet that has been rolled or wrapped around a pickle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alewife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of shad-like fish abundant along the Atlantic coast or in coastal streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty bluish flesh of bluefish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swordfish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce spada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of swordfish usually served as steaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small flat Atlantic food fish having smooth skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huitre", + "oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible body of any of numerous oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oysters Rockefeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oysters spread with butter and spinach and seasonings and baked on the half shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluepoint", + "blue point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oysters originally from Long Island Sound but now from anywhere along the northeastern seacoast; usually eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of either hard-shell or soft-shell clams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quahaug", + "quahog", + "hard-shell clam", + "round clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic coast round clams with hard shells; large clams usually used for chowders or other clam dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "littleneck", + "littleneck clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quahog when young and small; usually eaten raw; an important food popular in New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherrystone", + "cherrystone clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small quahog larger than a littleneck; eaten raw or cooked as in e.g. clams casino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shell clam", + "steamer", + "steamer clam", + "long-neck clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clam that is usually steamed in the shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common edible European bivalve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab", + "crabmeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edible flesh of any of various crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic crab; most common source of fresh crabmeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab legs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legs of especially Alaska king crabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-shell crab", + "soft-shelled crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshly molted crab with new shell still tender and flexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crabmeat usually canned; from Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska king crab", + "Alaskan king crab", + "king crab", + "Alaska crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat of large cold-water crab; mainly leg meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dungeness crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of Cancer magister (Dungeness crab)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale flesh with delicate texture and flavor; found in Florida but now very rare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crayfish", + "crawfish", + "crawdad", + "ecrevisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny lobster-like crustaceans usually boiled briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cod", + "codfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean white flesh of important North Atlantic food fish; usually baked or poached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollack", + "pollock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean white flesh of North Atlantic fish; similar to codfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schrod", + "scrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of young Atlantic cod weighing up to 2 pounds; also young haddock and pollock; often broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haddock" + ], + "it": [ + "eglefino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean white flesh of fish similar to but smaller than cod; usually baked or poached or as fillets sauteed or fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finnan haddie", + "finnan haddock", + "finnan", + "smoked haddock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haddock usually baked but sometimes broiled with lots of butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt cod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "codfish preserved in salt; must be desalted and flaked by soaking in water and pounding; used in e.g. codfish cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porgy", + "scup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean flesh of fish found in warm waters of southern Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of fish found in colder waters of northern Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatfish" + ], + "it": [ + "pesce piatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet lean whitish flesh of any of numerous thin-bodied fish; usually served as thin fillets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various American and European flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowtail flounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of American flounder having a yellowish tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of large European flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a large European flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand dab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a small flounder from the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sole", + "fillet of sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean flesh of any of several flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey sole", + "gray sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greyish-white flesh of a flatfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon sole", + "English sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly valued almost pure white flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon sole", + "winter flounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of American flounder; important in the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halibut" + ], + "it": [ + "halibut", + "ippoglosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean flesh of very large flatfish of Atlantic or Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish steak usually cut from a halibut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hake" + ], + "it": [ + "nasello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of a fish similar to cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redfish", + "rosefish", + "ocean perch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North Atlantic rockfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lean flesh of any of various valuable market fish caught among rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saltwater fish with lean flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean flesh of food and game fishes of the Atlantic coast of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mollusk with a low conical shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster" + ], + "it": [ + "aragosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of a lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American lobster", + "Northern lobster", + "Maine lobster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of cold-water lobsters having large tender claws; caught from Maine to the Carolinas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European lobster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to but smaller than American lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny lobster", + "langouste", + "rock lobster", + "crayfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm-water lobsters without claws; those from Australia and South Africa usually marketed as frozen tails; caught also in Florida and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian lobster", + "langoustine", + "scampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caught in European waters; slenderer than American lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobster tail meat; usually from spiny rock lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfertilized lobster roe; reddens in cooking; used as garnish or to color sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomalley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible greenish substance in boiled lobster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sardine", + "pilchard" + ], + "it": [ + "sardina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fatty fish usually canned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prawn", + "shrimp" + ], + "it": [ + "gamberetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various edible decapod crustaceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river prawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australian prawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of several primarily freshwater game and food fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of Pacific trout that migrate from salt to fresh water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea trout", + "salmon trout" + ], + "it": [ + "trota di mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of marine trout that migrate from salt to fresh water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brook trout", + "speckled trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delicious freshwater food fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake trout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of large trout of northern lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of salmon-like or trout-like cold-water fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitefish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any market fish--edible saltwater fish or shellfish--except herring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake herring", + "cisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cold-water fish caught in Lake Superior and northward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several coarse fishes (such as dogfish or wolffish) when used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmon" + ], + "it": [ + "salmone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various marine or freshwater fish of the family Salmonidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty pink flesh of fish from northern coastal Atlantic; usually marketed fresh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red salmon", + "sockeye", + "sockeye salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty red flesh of salmon of Pacific coast and rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinook salmon", + "chinook", + "king salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pink or white flesh of large Pacific salmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver salmon", + "coho salmon", + "coho", + "cohoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fatty pinkish flesh of small salmon caught in the Pacific and Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoked salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salmon cured by smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brine-cured salmon that is lightly smoked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian lox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt-cured Scandinavian salmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nova Scotia lox", + "Nova lox", + "Nova Scotia salmon", + "Nova salmon", + "Nova style salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brine-cured salmon that is less salty than most; sometimes sugar is also used in the curing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flesh of any of various important food fishes of warm seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red snapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly esteemed reddish lean flesh of snapper from Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red rockfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red flesh of large food fish of Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "scollop", + "escallop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible muscle of mollusks having fan-shaped shells; served broiled or poached or in salads or cream sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea scallop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle of large deep-water scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay scallop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muscle of small choice shallow-water scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kippered salmon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salted and smoked salmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red herring", + "smoked herring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dried and smoked herring having a reddish color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shad" + ], + "it": [ + "alosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bony flesh of herring-like fish usually caught during their migration to fresh water for spawning; especially of Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cold-water silvery fish; migrate between salt and fresh water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American smelt", + "rainbow smelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common smelt of eastern North America and Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European smelt", + "sparling" + ], + "it": [ + "sperlano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common smelt of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprat", + "brisling" + ], + "it": [ + "spratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fatty European fish; usually smoked or canned like sardines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitebait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minnows or other small fresh- or saltwater fish (especially herring); usually cooked whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roe", + "hard roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish eggs or egg-filled ovary; having a grainy texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milt", + "soft roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish sperm or sperm-filled reproductive gland; having a creamy texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caviar", + "caviare" + ], + "it": [ + "caviale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salted roe of sturgeon or other large fish; usually served as an hors d'oeuvre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beluga caviar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roe of beluga sturgeon usually from Russia; highly valued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shad roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roe of shad; may be parboiled or baked or sauteed gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoked mackerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mackerel cured by smoking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed", + "provender" + ], + "it": [ + "governime", + "mangime", + "scorta alimentare", + "alimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food for domestic livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattle cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentrated feed for cattle; processed in the form of blocks or cakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed given to young animals isolated in a creep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fodder" + ], + "it": [ + "biada", + "foraggio", + "mangime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse food (especially for livestock) composed of entire plants or the leaves and stalks of a cereal crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grain grown for cattle feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eatage", + "forage", + "pasture", + "pasturage", + "grass" + ], + "it": [ + "biada", + "foraggio", + "piante foraggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulky food like grass or hay for browsing or grazing horses or cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silage", + "ensilage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fodder harvested while green and kept succulent by partial fermentation as in a silo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mass of e.g. linseed or cottonseed or soybean from which the oil has been pressed; used as food for livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil meal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground oil cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alfalfa" + ], + "it": [ + "erba medica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leguminous plant grown for hay or forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad bean", + "horse bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bean plant cultivated for use animal fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hay" + ], + "it": [ + "fieno", + "strame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grass mowed and cured for use as fodder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timothy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grass grown for hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dried stalks and leaves of a field crop (especially corn) used as animal fodder after the grain has been harvested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain", + "food grain", + "cereal" + ], + "it": [ + "granaglie", + "grano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foodstuff prepared from the starchy grains of cereal grasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grain intended to be or that has been ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hulled and crushed grain of various cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small seed of any of various annual cereal grasses especially Setaria italica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barley", + "barleycorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grain of barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl barley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "barley ground into small round pellets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckwheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grain ground into flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulgur", + "bulghur", + "bulgur wheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parched crushed wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat", + "wheat berry" + ], + "it": [ + "grano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grains of common wheat; sometimes cooked whole or cracked as cereal; usually ground into flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracked wheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grains of wheat that have been crushed into small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy and filling (and usually starchy) food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheat germ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embryo of the wheat kernel; removed before milling and eaten as a source of vitamins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oat" + ], + "it": [ + "avena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the annual grass Avena sativa (spoken of primarily in the plural as `oats')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice" + ], + "it": [ + "riso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grains used as food either unpolished or more often polished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown rice" + ], + "it": [ + "riso integrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpolished rice retaining the yellowish-brown outer layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white rice", + "polished rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having husk or outer brown layers removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild rice", + "Indian rice" + ], + "it": [ + "riso selvatico", + "riso nero", + "riso canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grains of aquatic grass of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice in the husk either gathered or still in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop", + "slops", + "swill", + "pigswill", + "pigwash" + ], + "it": [ + "broda", + "imbratto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wet feed (especially for pigs) consisting of mostly kitchen waste mixed with water or skimmed or sour milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of ground animal feeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken feed", + "scratch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry mash for poultry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cud", + "rechewed food" + ], + "it": [ + "bolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food of a ruminant regurgitated to be chewed again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird feed", + "bird food", + "birdseed" + ], + "it": [ + "becchime", + "mangime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food given to birds; usually mixed seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petfood", + "pet-food", + "pet food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared for animal pets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuts of forest trees used as feed for swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared for dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food prepared for cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canary seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of seeds used to feed caged birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad" + ], + "it": [ + "insalata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food mixtures either arranged on a plate or tossed and served with a moist dressing; usually consisting of or including greens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tossed salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salad tossed with a dressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tossed salad composed primarily of salad greens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesar salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically having fried croutons and dressing made with a raw egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmagundi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooked meats and eggs and vegetables usually arranged in rows around the plate and dressed with a salad dressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad nicoise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically containing tomatoes and anchovies and garnished with black olives and capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "containing meat or chicken or cheese in addition to greens and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chef's salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the combination salad prepared as a particular chef's specialty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potato salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various salads having chopped potatoes as the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasta salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salad having any of various pastas as the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaroni salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having macaroni as the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit salad" + ], + "it": [ + "macedonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salad composed of fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waldorf salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "typically made of apples and celery with nuts or raisins and dressed with mayonnaise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lettuce and crabmeat dressed with sauce Louis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herring salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "based on pickled herring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna fish salad", + "tuna salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salad composed primarily of chopped canned tuna fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salad composed primarily of chopped chicken meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coleslaw", + "slaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basically shredded cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspic" + ], + "it": [ + "aspic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "savory jelly based on fish or meat stock used as a mold for meats or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molded salad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salad of meats or vegetables in gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabbouleh", + "tabooli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finely chopped salad with tomatoes and parsley and mint and scallions and bulgur wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingredient", + "fixings" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrediente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that is a component of a mixture in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flavorer", + "flavourer", + "flavoring", + "flavouring", + "seasoner", + "seasoning" + ], + "it": [ + "aroma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to food primarily for the savor it imparts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouillon cube" + ], + "it": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cube of evaporated seasoned meat extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef tea", + "Bovril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extract of beef (given to people who are ill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon zest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny bits of lemon peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange zest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny bits of orange peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preparation (a sauce or relish or spice) to enhance flavor or enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb" + ], + "it": [ + "erba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic potherb used in cookery for its savory qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fines herbes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of finely chopped fresh herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice" + ], + "it": [ + "aroma", + "droga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a variety of pungent aromatic vegetable substances used for flavoring food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peppermint oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from the peppermint plant used as flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearmint oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aromatic oil obtained from the spearmint plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant yellow oil obtained from the lemon peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wintergreen oil", + "oil of wintergreen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil or flavoring obtained from the creeping wintergreen or teaberry plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt", + "table salt", + "common salt" + ], + "it": [ + "sale", + "sale da tavola", + "sale fino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white crystalline form of especially sodium chloride used to season and preserve food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground celery seed and salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground dried garlic and salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground dried onion and salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasoned salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combination of salt and vegetable extracts and spices and monosodium glutamate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crystals of citric acid used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "five spice powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese seasoning made by grinding star anise and fennel and pepper and cloves and cinnamon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allspice" + ], + "it": [ + "pepe della Giamaica", + "pimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground dried berrylike fruit of a West Indian allspice tree; suggesting combined flavors of cinnamon and nutmeg and cloves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spice from the dried aromatic bark of the Ceylon cinnamon tree; used as rolled strips or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick cinnamon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried rolled strips of cinnamon bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodo di garofano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spice from dried unopened flower bud of the clove tree; used whole or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumin", + "cumin seed" + ], + "it": [ + "comino", + "cumino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic seeds of the cumin herb of the carrot family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fennel seeds are ground and used as a spice or as an ingredient of a spice mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger", + "gingerroot" + ], + "it": [ + "zenzero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent rhizome of the common ginger plant; used fresh as a seasoning especially in Asian cookery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger", + "powdered ginger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried ground gingerroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mace" + ], + "it": [ + "macis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spice made from the dried fleshy covering of the nutmeg seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutmeg" + ], + "it": [ + "noce moscata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard aromatic seed of the nutmeg tree used as spice when grated or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper", + "peppercorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent seasoning from the berry of the common pepper plant of East India; use whole or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black pepper" + ], + "it": [ + "pepe nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pepper that is ground from whole peppercorns with husks on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white pepper" + ], + "it": [ + "pepe bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pepper ground from husked peppercorns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sassafras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried root bark of the sassafras tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basil", + "sweet basil" + ], + "it": [ + "basilico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves of the common basil; used fresh or dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay leaf" + ], + "it": [ + "foglia d'alloro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried leaf of the bay laurel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borage" + ], + "it": [ + "borraggine", + "borragine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an herb whose leaves are used to flavor sauces and punches; young leaves can be eaten in salads or cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyssop" + ], + "it": [ + "isopo", + "issopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bitter leaves used sparingly in salads; dried flowers used in soups and tisanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caraway" + ], + "it": [ + "cumino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves used sparingly in soups and stews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chervil" + ], + "it": [ + "cerfoglio", + "cerfuglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh ferny parsley-like leaves used as a garnish with chicken and veal and omelets and green salads and spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chives" + ], + "it": [ + "erba cipollina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cylindrical leaves used fresh as a mild onion-flavored seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfrey", + "healing herb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves make a popular tisane; young leaves used in salads or cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coriander", + "Chinese parsley", + "cilantro" + ], + "it": [ + "coriandolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parsley-like herb used as seasoning or garnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coriander", + "coriander seed" + ], + "it": [ + "coriandolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried coriander seeds used whole or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costmary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves used sparingly (because of bitter overtones) in sauces and soups and stuffings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel", + "common fennel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves used for seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel", + "Florence fennel", + "finocchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bulbous stem base eaten cooked or raw in salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic anis-scented seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fenugreek", + "fenugreek seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic seeds used as seasoning especially in curry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic", + "ail" + ], + "it": [ + "aglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bulb used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clove", + "garlic clove" + ], + "it": [ + "spicchio d'aglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the small bulblets that can be split off of the axis of a larger garlic bulb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic chive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large flat leaves used as chive is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon balm" + ], + "it": [ + "melissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lemony leaves used for a tisane or in soups or fruit punches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lovage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalks eaten like celery or candied like angelica; seeds used for flavoring or pickled like capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marjoram", + "oregano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent leaves used as seasoning with meats and fowl and in stews and soups and omelets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black or white seeds ground to make mustard pastes or powders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard", + "table mustard" + ], + "it": [ + "mostarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent powder or paste prepared from ground mustard seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese mustard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very hot prepared mustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasturtium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowers and seeds and leaves all used as flavorings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parsley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic herb with flat or crinkly leaves that are cut finely and used to garnish food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad burnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves sometimes used for salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosemary" + ], + "it": [ + "rosmarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely pungent leaves used fresh or dried as seasoning for especially meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves sometimes used for flavoring fruit or claret cup but should be used with great caution: can cause irritation like poison ivy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic fresh or dried grey-green leaves used widely as seasoning for meats and fowl and game etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clary sage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh leaves used in omelets and fritters and with lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savory", + "savoury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two aromatic herbs of the mint family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer savory", + "summer savoury" + ], + "it": [ + "santoreggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with delicately flavored leaves with many uses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter savory", + "winter savoury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resinous leaves used in stews and stuffings and meat loaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet woodruff", + "waldmeister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant dark green leaves used to flavor May wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cicely" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh ferny leaves and green seeds used as garnish in salads and cold vegetables; dried seeds used in confectionery and liqueurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarragon", + "estragon" + ], + "it": [ + "dragoncello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh leaves (or leaves preserved in vinegar) used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves can be used as seasoning for almost any meat and stews and stuffings and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turmeric" + ], + "it": [ + "curcumina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground dried rhizome of the turmeric plant used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pickled flower buds used as a pungent relish in various dishes and sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catsup", + "ketchup", + "cetchup", + "tomato ketchup" + ], + "it": [ + "ketchup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick spicy sauce made from tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardamom", + "cardamon", + "cardamum" + ], + "it": [ + "cardamomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic seeds used as seasoning like cinnamon and cloves especially in pickles and barbecue sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cayenne", + "cayenne pepper", + "red pepper" + ], + "it": [ + "pepe di caienna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground pods and seeds of pungent red peppers of the genus Capsicum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder made of ground chili peppers mixed with e.g. cumin and garlic and oregano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomatoes and onions and peppers (sweet or hot) simmered with vinegar and sugar and various seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili vinegar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fiery vinegar flavored with chili peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chutney", + "Indian relish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spicy condiment made of chopped fruits or vegetables cooked in vinegar and sugar with ginger and spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent bottled sauce for steak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taco sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy tomato-based sauce for tacos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy sauce of tomatoes and onions and chili peppers to accompany Mexican foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa di menta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened diluted vinegar with chopped mint leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa di mirtilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce made of cranberries and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent blend of cumin and ground coriander seed and turmeric and other spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry" + ], + "it": [ + "curry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(East Indian cookery) a pungent dish of vegetables or meats flavored with curry powder and usually eaten with rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb curry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curry made with lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck sauce", + "hoisin sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick sweet and pungent Chinese condiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseradish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grated horseradish root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marinade" + ], + "it": [ + "marinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixtures of vinegar or wine and oil with various spices and seasonings; used for soaking foods before cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paprika" + ], + "it": [ + "paprica", + "paprika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild powdered seasoning made from dried pimientos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish paprika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild seasoning made from a variety of pimiento grown in Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vegetables (especially cucumbers) preserved in brine or vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dill pickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pickle preserved in brine or vinegar flavored with dill seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chowchow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chopped pickles in mustard sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread and butter pickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinly sliced sweet pickles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickle relish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relish of chopped (usually sweet) pickles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piccalilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relish of chopped pickled cucumbers and green peppers and onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet pickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pickle cured in brine and preserved in sugar and vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applesauce", + "apple sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa di mele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puree of stewed apples usually sweetened and spiced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soy sauce", + "soy" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa di soia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin sauce made of fermented soy beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabasco", + "Tabasco sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very spicy sauce (trade name Tabasco) made from fully-aged red peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick concentrated tomato puree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic stems or leaves or roots of Angelica Archangelica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angelica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "candied stalks of the angelica plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almond extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flavoring made from almonds macerated in alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anise", + "aniseed", + "anise seed" + ], + "it": [ + "anice", + "anace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquorice-flavored seeds, used medicinally and in cooking and liquors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese anise", + "star anise", + "star aniseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anise-scented star-shaped fruit or seed used in Asian cooking and medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juniper berries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "berrylike cone of a common juniper; used in making gin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saffron" + ], + "it": [ + "zafferano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried pungent stigmas of the Old World saffron crocus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sesame seed", + "benniseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small oval seeds of the sesame plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caraway seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic seeds of the caraway plant; used widely as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poppy seed" + ], + "it": [ + "seme di papavero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey seed of a poppy flower; used whole or ground in baked items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dill", + "dill weed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic threadlike foliage of the dill plant used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dill seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the dill plant used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of the celery plant used as seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavoring made from (or imitating) lemons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monosodium glutamate", + "MSG" + ], + "it": [ + "glutammato di sodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white crystalline compound used as a food additive to enhance flavor; often used in Chinese cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long bean-like fruit; seeds are used as flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanilla", + "vanilla extract" + ], + "it": [ + "vaniglia", + "estratto di vaniglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavoring prepared from vanilla beans macerated in alcohol (or imitating vanilla beans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinegar", + "acetum" + ], + "it": [ + "aceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sour-tasting liquid produced usually by oxidation of the alcohol in wine or cider and used as a condiment or food preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cider vinegar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vinegar made from cider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine vinegar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vinegar made from wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "bagna", + "condimento", + "intingolo", + "salsa", + "sughetto", + "sugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flavorful relish or dressing or topping served as an accompaniment to food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of white sauce and mashed anchovies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pungent peppery sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter and sugar creamed together with brandy or other flavoring and served with rich puddings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseradish sauce", + "sauce Albert" + ], + "it": [ + "cren", + "crenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creamy white sauce with horseradish and mustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolognese pasta sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "ragù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce for pasta; contains mushrooms and ham and chopped vegetables and beef and tomato paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce for pasta; contains eggs and bacon or ham and grated cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce made with a puree of tomatoes (or strained tomatoes) with savory vegetables and other seasonings; can be used on pasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartare sauce", + "tartar sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa tartara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise with chopped pickles and sometimes capers and shallots and parsley and hard-cooked egg; sauce for seafood especially fried fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white or veloute sauce with wine and stock variously seasoned with onions and herbs; for fish or meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marchand de vin", + "mushroom wine sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce with mushrooms and red wine or Madeira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creamy white sauce made with bread instead of flour and seasoned with cloves and onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for Chinese dishes: plum preserves and chutney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for Chinese dishes: peach preserves and chutney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apricot sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for Chinese dishes: apricot preserves and chutney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sauce typically served with pasta; contains crushed basil leaves and garlic and pine nuts and Parmesan cheese in olive oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravigote", + "ravigotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veloute sauce seasoned with chopped chervil, chives, tarragon, shallots and capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remoulade sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mayonnaise sauce flavored with herbs and mustard and capers; served with e.g. salad and cold meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressing", + "salad dressing" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "savory dressings for salads; basically of two kinds: either the thin French or vinaigrette type or the creamy mayonnaise type" + ], + "it": [ + "condimento per l'insalata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauce Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise and heavy cream combined with chopped green pepper and green onion seasoned with chili sauce and Worcestershire sauce and lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleu cheese dressing", + "blue cheese dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creamy dressing containing crumbled blue cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue cheese dressing", + "Roquefort dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vinaigrette containing crumbled Roquefort or blue cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French dressing", + "vinaigrette", + "sauce vinaigrette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil and vinegar with mustard and garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorenzo dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vinaigrette with chili sauce and chopped watercress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vinaigrette and mashed anchovies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vinaigrette with garlic and herbs: oregano and basil and dill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-and-half dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half mayonnaise and half vinaigrette seasoned with minced garlic and mashed anchovies and grated Parmesan cheese; especially good for combination salads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise", + "mayo" + ], + "it": [ + "maionese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg yolks and oil and vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green mayonnaise", + "sauce verte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise with tarragon or dill and chopped watercress and spinach or cucumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aioli", + "aioli sauce", + "garlic sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garlic mayonnaise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian dressing", + "Russian mayonnaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise with horseradish grated onion and chili sauce or catsup; sometimes with caviar added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salad cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creamy salad dressing resembling mayonnaise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thousand Island dressing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mayonnaise with chili sauce or catsup and minced olives and peppers and hard-cooked egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecue sauce" + ], + "it": [ + "salsa barbecue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy sweet and sour sauce usually based on catsup or chili sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollandaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs and butter with lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearnaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sauce like hollandaise but made with white wine and tarragon and shallots instead of lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bercy", + "Bercy butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter creamed with white wine and shallots and parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bordelaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce with beef marrow and red wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourguignon", + "bourguignon sauce", + "Burgundy sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduced red wine with onions and parsley and thyme and butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce", + "sauce Espagnole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bouillon or beef stock thickened with butter and flour roux and variously seasoned with herbs or Worcestershire etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Espagnole", + "sauce Espagnole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce with tomatoes and a caramelized mixture of minced carrots and onions and celery seasoned with Madeira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese brown sauce", + "brown sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sauce based on soy sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white sauce of fat, broth, and vegetables (used especially with braised meat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white sauce with grated cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate sauce", + "chocolate syrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce made with unsweetened chocolate or cocoa and sugar and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-fudge sauce", + "fudge sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick chocolate sauce served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail sauce", + "seafood sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually catsup with horseradish and lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colbert", + "Colbert butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter creamed with parsley and tarragon and beef extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white sauce", + "bechamel sauce", + "bechamel" + ], + "it": [ + "bechamel", + "besciamella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk thickened with a butter and flour roux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white sauce made with cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mornay sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "onion-flavored creamy cheese sauce with egg yolk and grated cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demiglace", + "demi-glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce Espagnole with extra beef stock simmered down and seasoned with dry wine or sherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravy", + "pan gravy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seasoned but not thickened juices that drip from cooking meats; often a little water is added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sauce made by adding stock, flour, or other ingredients to the juice and fat that drips from cooking meats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti sauce", + "pasta sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous sauces for spaghetti or other kinds of pasta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marinara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce for pasta; contains tomatoes and garlic and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy sauce often containing chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunter's sauce", + "sauce chausseur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce and tomato puree with onions and mushrooms and dry white wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce and sauteed mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauce of prepared mustard thinned with vinegar and vegetable oil with sugar and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nantua", + "shrimp sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white sauce with whipping cream and shrimp butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian sauce", + "paprika sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veloute sauce with sauteed chopped onion and paprika and cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper sauce", + "Poivrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for venison: brown sauce with sauteed vegetables and trimmings and marinade and plenty of pepper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture of fat and flour heated and used as a basis for sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smitane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veloute or brown sauce with sauteed chopped onion and dry white wine and sour cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soubise", + "white onion sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "veloute sauce with sauteed chopped onions and whipping cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyonnaise sauce", + "brown onion sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown sauce with sauteed chopped onions and parsley and dry white wine or vinegar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veloute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white sauce made with stock instead of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allemande", + "allemande sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-thickened veloute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allemande sauce with capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poulette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allemande sauce with chopped parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allemande sauce with curry powder and coconut milk instead of stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Worcester sauce", + "Worcestershire", + "Worcestershire sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savory sauce of vinegar and soy sauce and spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconut milk", + "coconut cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white liquid obtained from compressing fresh coconut meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg", + "eggs" + ], + "it": [ + "uovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oval reproductive body of a fowl (especially a hen) used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg white", + "white", + "albumen", + "ovalbumin" + ], + "it": [ + "albume", + "chiara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the white part of an egg; the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance surrounding the yolk consisting mainly of albumin dissolved in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg yolk", + "yolk" + ], + "it": [ + "rosso", + "rosso d'uovo", + "torlo", + "tuorlo", + "tuorlo d'uovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yellow spherical part of an egg that is surrounded by the albumen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiled egg", + "coddled egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg cooked briefly in the shell in gently boiling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard-boiled egg", + "hard-cooked egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg boiled gently until both the white and the yolk solidify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colored hard-boiled egg used to celebrate Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg-shaped candy used to celebrate Easter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-shaped chocolate candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg-shaped candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poached egg", + "dropped egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg cooked in gently boiling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrambled eggs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs beaten and cooked to a soft firm consistency while stirring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviled egg", + "stuffed egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "halved hard-cooked egg with the yolk mashed with mayonnaise and seasonings and returned to the white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirred egg", + "baked egg", + "egg en cocotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "egg cooked individually in cream or butter in a small ramekin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omelet", + "omelette" + ], + "it": [ + "frittata", + "omelette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beaten eggs or an egg mixture cooked until just set; may be folded around e.g. ham or cheese or jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firm omelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs beaten with milk or cream and cooked until set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French omelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omelet cooked quickly and slid onto a plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluffy omelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "souffle-like omelet made by beating and adding the whites separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western omelet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm omelet that has diced ham and peppers and onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souffle" + ], + "it": [ + "soffiato", + "soufflé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light fluffy dish of egg yolks and stiffly beaten egg whites mixed with e.g. cheese or fish or fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fried egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs cooked by sauteing in oil or butter; sometimes turned and cooked on both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairy product" + ], + "it": [ + "latticinio", + "latticino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk and butter and cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several nutritive milklike liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk that has turned sour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soya milk", + "soybean milk", + "soymilk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milk substitute containing soybean flour and water; used in some infant formulas and in making tofu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formula" + ], + "it": [ + "latte in polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid food for infants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasteurized milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk that has been exposed briefly to high temperatures to destroy microorganisms and prevent fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cows' milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk obtained from dairy cows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yak's milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the milk of a yak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goats' milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the milk of a goat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidophilus milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk fermented by bacteria; used to treat gastrointestinal disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unpasteurized milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalded milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk heated almost to boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenized milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk with the fat particles broken up and dispersed uniformly so the cream will not rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certified milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk from dairies regulated by an authorized medical milk commission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powdered milk", + "dry milk", + "dried milk", + "milk powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dehydrated milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonfat dry milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dehydrated skimmed milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporated milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte condensato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk concentrated by evaporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensed milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte condensato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened evaporated milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim milk", + "skimmed milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte scremato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk from which the cream has been skimmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semi-skimmed milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk from which some of the cream has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole milk" + ], + "it": [ + "latte intero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk from which no constituent (such as fat) has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-fat milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk from which some of the cream has been removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttermilk" + ], + "it": [ + "latticello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "residue from making butter from sour raw milk; or pasteurized milk curdled by adding a culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream" + ], + "it": [ + "panna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of milk containing the butterfat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clotted cream", + "Devonshire cream" + ], + "it": [ + "panna rappresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick cream made from scalded milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double creme", + "heavy whipping cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cream with a fat content of 48% or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-and-half" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half milk and half light cream; contains 10% to 18% butterfat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy cream" + ], + "it": [ + "panna da montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contains more than 36% butterfat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light cream", + "coffee cream", + "single cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cream that has at least 18% butterfat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour cream", + "soured cream" + ], + "it": [ + "panna acida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artificially soured light cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipping cream", + "light whipping cream" + ], + "it": [ + "panna da montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cream that has enough butterfat (30% to 36%) to be whipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter" + ], + "it": [ + "burro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an edible emulsion of fat globules made by churning milk or cream; for cooking and table use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular quarter pound block of butter or margarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarified butter", + "drawn butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter made clear by heating and removing the sediment of milk solids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarified butter used in Indian cookery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown butter", + "beurre noisette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarified butter browned slowly and seasoned with vinegar or lemon juice and capers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meuniere butter", + "lemon butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarified butter browned slowly and seasoned with lemon juice and parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yogurt", + "yoghurt", + "yoghourt" + ], + "it": [ + "iogurt", + "jogurt", + "yoghurt", + "yogurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custard-like food made from curdled milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueberry yogurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yogurt with sweetened blueberries or blueberry jam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Indian side dish of yogurt and chopped cucumbers and spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watery part of milk produced when raw milk sours and coagulates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curd" + ], + "it": [ + "cagliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coagulated milk; used to make cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curd" + ], + "it": [ + "caglio", + "coagulo", + "presame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coagulated liquid resembling milk curd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clabber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raw milk that has soured and thickened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "cacio", + "formaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese rind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rind of a cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a part of a fruit or vegetable that is pared or cut off; especially the skin or peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "formaggio fresco spalmabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft unripened cheese made of sweet milk and cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh soft French cheese containing at least 60% fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mascarpone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft mild Italian cream cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple cream", + "triple creme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh soft French cheese containing at least 72% fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage cheese", + "pot cheese", + "farm cheese", + "farmer's cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "fiocchi di latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild white cheese made from curds of soured skim milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process cheese", + "processed cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "formaggio fuso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made by blending several lots of cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleu", + "blue cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheese containing a blue mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stilton" + ], + "it": [ + "stilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English blue cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roquefort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French blue cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorgonzola" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgonzola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian blue cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danish blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue cheese of Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bavarian blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue cheese of Bavaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft creamy white cheese; milder than Camembert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisoft sweet American cheese from whole milk in a brick form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camembert" + ], + "it": [ + "camembert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rich soft creamy French cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheddar", + "cheddar cheese", + "Armerican cheddar", + "American cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard smooth-textured cheese; originally made in Cheddar in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat cheese", + "store cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal names for American cheddar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheshire cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mild yellow English cheese with a crumbly texture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double Gloucester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smooth firm mild orange-red cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild yellow Dutch cheese made in balls encased in a red covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat cheese", + "chevre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from goats' milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gouda", + "Gouda cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild cream-colored Dutch cheese shaped in balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grated cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard or semihard cheese grated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cheese originally molded by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liederkranz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft cheese with a strong odor and flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limburger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft white cheese with a very strong pungent odor and flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mozzarella" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzarella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mild white Italian cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muenster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisoft pale-yellow cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parmesan" + ], + "it": [ + "grana", + "parmigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard dry sharp-flavored Italian cheese; often grated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quark cheese", + "quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh unripened cheese of a smooth texture made from pasteurized milk, a starter, and rennet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ricotta" + ], + "it": [ + "ricotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft Italian cheese like cottage cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheese formed in long strings twisted together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "emmenthal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard pale yellow cheese with many holes from Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emmenthal", + "Emmental", + "Emmenthaler", + "Emmentaler" + ], + "it": [ + "emmenthal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss cheese with large holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gruyere" + ], + "it": [ + "groviera", + "gruviera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss cheese with small holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapsago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard green Swiss cheese made with skim-milk curd and flavored with clover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Velveeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trademark: soft processed American cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground nuts blended with a little butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut butter" + ], + "it": [ + "burro di arachidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spread made from ground peanuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshmallow fluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very sweet white spread resembling marshmallow candy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onion butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter blended with minced onion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimento butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter blended with mashed pimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimp butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter blended with chopped shrimp or seasoned with essence from shrimp shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter blended with chopped lobster or seasoned with essence from lobster shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yak butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter made from yaks' milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tasty mixture to be spread on bread or crackers or used in preparing other dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese spread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread made of cheese mixed with butter or cream or cream cheese and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter blended with mashed anchovies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishpaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paste of fish or shellfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butter seasoned with mashed garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick paste made from fermented soybeans and barley or rice malt; used in Japanese cooking to make soups or sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wasabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the thick green root of the wasabi plant that the Japanese use in cooking and that tastes like strong horseradish; in powder or paste form it is often eaten with raw fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snail butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "for preparing snails: butter seasoned with shallots and garlic and parsley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hummus", + "humus", + "hommos", + "hoummos", + "humous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick spread made from mashed chickpeas, tahini, lemon juice and garlic; used especially as a dip for pita; originated in the Middle East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liver or meat or fowl finely minced or ground and variously seasoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck pate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pate made from duck liver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foie gras", + "pate de foie gras" + ], + "it": [ + "foie-gras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pate made from goose liver (marinated in Cognac) and truffles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapenade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spread consisting of capers and black olives and anchovies made into a puree with olive oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tahini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick Middle Eastern paste made from ground sesame seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetening", + "sweetener" + ], + "it": [ + "dolcificante", + "edulcorante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to foods to make them taste sweeter" + ], + "it": [ + "sostanza usate per dolcificare i cibi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspartame" + ], + "it": [ + "aspartame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial sweetener made from aspartic acid; used as a calorie-free sweetener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey" + ], + "it": [ + "miele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet yellow liquid produced by bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccharin" + ], + "it": [ + "saccarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystalline substance 500 times sweeter than sugar; used as a calorie-free sweetener" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar", + "refined sugar" + ], + "it": [ + "zucchero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syrup", + "sirup" + ], + "it": [ + "giulebbe", + "sciroppo", + "siroppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick sweet sticky liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar syrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sugar and water and sometimes corn syrup boiled together; used as sweetening especially in drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molasses" + ], + "it": [ + "melassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick dark syrup produced by boiling down juice from sugar cane; especially during sugar refining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorghum", + "sorghum molasses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from juice of sweet sorghum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treacle", + "golden syrup" + ], + "it": [ + "melassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale cane syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grenadine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin syrup made from pomegranate juice; used in mixed drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maple syrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made by concentrating sap from sugar maples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn syrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "syrup prepared from corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miraculous food", + "manna", + "manna from heaven" + ], + "it": [ + "manna", + "manna dal cielo", + "manna del cielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) food that God gave the Israelites during the Exodus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batter" + ], + "it": [ + "pastella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid or semiliquid mixture, as of flour, eggs, and milk, used in cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flour mixture stiff enough to knead or roll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread dough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various doughs for bread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pancake batter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batter for making pancakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fritter batter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batter for making fritters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sop", + "sops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece of solid food for dipping in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coq au vin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken and onions and mushrooms braised in red wine and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken provencale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken cooked in a sauce made with tomatoes, garlic, and olive oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken and rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice and chicken cooked together with or without other ingredients and variously seasoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moo goo gai pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cantonese dish of chicken and sauteed vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arroz con pollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice and chicken cooked together Spanish style; highly seasoned especially with saffron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacon and eggs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs (fried or scrambled) served with bacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecued spareribs", + "spareribs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked or roasted with a spicy sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef Bourguignonne", + "boeuf Bourguignonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef and mushrooms and onions stewed in red wine and seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef Wellington", + "filet de boeuf en croute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare-roasted beef tenderloin coated with mushroom paste in puff pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian dish made with patties of ground meat (mixed with onions and bread and milk) and served with a sauce of sour cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boiled dinner", + "New England boiled dinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corned beef simmered with onions and cabbage and usually other vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston baked beans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried navy beans baked slowly with molasses and salt pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble and squeak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leftover cabbage fried with cooked potatoes and sometimes meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish that contains pasta as its main ingredient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannelloni" + ], + "it": [ + "cannelloni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tubular pasta filled with meat or cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonnade flamande", + "Belgian beef stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef stewed in beer seasoned with garlic and served with boiled potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese souffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puffy dish of cheese and eggs (whites beaten separately) and white sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken Marengo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "braised chicken with onions and mushrooms in a wine and tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken cordon bleu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin slices of chicken stuffed with cheese and ham and then sauteed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maryland chicken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken fried than oven-baked and served with milk gravy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken paprika", + "chicken paprikash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken simmered in broth with onions and paprika then mixed with sour cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken Tetrazzini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chicken prepared in a cream sauce with mushrooms and served over pasta; usually topped with cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetrazzini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasta dish with cream sauce and mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken Kiev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pounded chicken cutlets rolled around butter (that has been seasoned with herbs) and then covered with crumbs and fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili", + "chili con carne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground beef and chili peppers or chili powder often with tomatoes and kidney beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chili dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotdog with chili con carne on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop suey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat or fish stir-fried with vegetables (e.g., celery, onions, peppers or bean sprouts) seasoned with ginger and garlic and soy sauce; served with rice; created in the United States and frequently served in Chinese restaurants there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chow mein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop suey served with fried noodles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codfish ball", + "codfish cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually made of flaked salt cod and mashed potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coquille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seafood served in a scallop shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coquilles Saint-Jacques" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scallops in white wine sauce served in scallop shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornish pasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat pie with filling of meat and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquette" + ], + "it": [ + "crocchetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minced cooked meats (or vegetables) in thick white sauce; breaded and deep-fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish of minced meat topped with mashed potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rissole" + ], + "it": [ + "polpetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minced cooked meat or fish coated in egg and breadcrumbs and fried in deep fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolmas", + "stuffed grape leaves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "well-seasoned rice (with nuts or currants or minced lamb) simmered or braised in stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg foo yong", + "egg fu yung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omelet containing onions and celery and chopped meat or fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg roll", + "spring roll" + ], + "it": [ + "involtino primavera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minced vegetables and meat wrapped in a pancake and fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggs Benedict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toasted English muffin topped with ham and a poached egg (or an oyster) and hollandaise sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchilada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tortilla with meat filling baked in tomato sauce seasoned with chili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falafel", + "felafel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small croquette of mashed chick peas or fava beans seasoned with sesame seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish and chips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fried fish and french-fried potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fondue", + "fondu" + ], + "it": [ + "fondue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hot cheese or chocolate melted to the consistency of a sauce into which bread or fruits are dipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese fondue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fondue made of cheese melted in wine for dipping bread and sometimes fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate fondue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fondue made of chocolate melted with milk or cream for dipping fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fondue", + "fondu" + ], + "it": [ + "fondue bourguignonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cubes of meat or seafood cooked in hot oil and then dipped in any of various sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef fondue", + "boeuf fondu bourguignon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cubes of beef cooked in hot oil and then dipped in various tasty sauces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bread slice dipped in egg and milk and fried; topped with sugar or fruit or syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fried rice", + "Chinese fried rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boiled rice mixed with scallions and minced pork or shrimp and quickly scrambled with eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frittata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian omelet with diced vegetables and meats; cooked until bottom is set then inverted into another pan to cook the top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog legs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hind legs of frogs used as food; resemble chicken and cooked as chicken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galantine" + ], + "it": [ + "galantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boned poultry stuffed then cooked and covered with aspic; served cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gefilte fish", + "fish ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "well-seasoned balls of ground fish and eggs and crushed crumbs simmered in fish stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haggis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of sheep's or calf's viscera minced with oatmeal and suet and onions and boiled in the animal's stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham and eggs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eggs (scrambled or fried) served with ham" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chopped meat mixed with potatoes and browned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corned beef hash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hash made with corned beef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jambalaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy Creole dish of rice and ham, sausage, chicken, or shellfish with tomatoes, peppers, onions, and celery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kabob", + "kebab", + "shish kebab" + ], + "it": [ + "spiedino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cubes of meat marinated and cooked on a skewer usually with vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kedgeree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish of rice and hard-boiled eggs and cooked flaked fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souvlaki", + "souvlakia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasagna", + "lasagne" + ], + "it": [ + "lasagne", + "lasagne al forno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baked dish of layers of lasagna pasta with sauce and cheese and meat or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seafood Newburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seafood in Newburg sauce served on toast or rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster Newburg", + "lobster a la Newburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobster in Newburg sauce served on buttered toast or rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimp Newburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrimp in Newburg sauce usually served in a rice ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newburg sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lobster butter and cream and egg yolks seasoned with onions and sherry or Madeira" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobster thermidor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diced lobster mixed with Mornay sauce placed back in the shell and sprinkled with grated cheese and browned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lutefisk", + "lutfisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried cod soaked in a lye solution before boiling to give it a gelatinous consistency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaroni and cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "macaroni prepared in a cheese sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macedoine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixed diced fruits or vegetables; hot or cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meatball" + ], + "it": [ + "polpetta", + "polpettina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground meat formed into a ball and fried or simmered in broth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porcupine ball", + "porcupines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meat patties rolled in rice and simmered in a tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedish meatball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meatballs simmered in stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat loaf", + "meatloaf" + ], + "it": [ + "polpettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baked loaf of ground meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie made with meat or fowl enclosed in pastry or covered with pastry or biscuit dough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small meat pie or turnover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pie filled with minced seasoned pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourtiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meat pie that is usually eaten at Christmas in Quebec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mostaccioli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pasta somewhat resembling little moustaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moussaka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "casserole of eggplant and ground lamb with onion and tomatoes bound with white sauce and beaten eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osso buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sliced veal knuckle or shin bone cooked with olive oil and wine and tomatoes and served with rice or vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrowbone" + ], + "it": [ + "osso buco", + "ossobuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bone containing edible marrow; used especially in flavoring soup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marrow", + "bone marrow" + ], + "it": [ + "midollo osseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tender and very nutritious tissue from marrowbones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheasant under glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish of roast pheasant served in a manner characteristic of expensive restaurants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigs in blankets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small frankfurters wrapped in biscuit dough and baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilaf", + "pilaff", + "pilau", + "pilaw" + ], + "it": [ + "pilaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice cooked in well-seasoned broth with onions or celery and usually poultry or game or shellfish and sometimes tomatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulgur pilaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pilaf made with bulgur wheat instead of rice and usually without meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pizza", + "pizza pie" + ], + "it": [ + "pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian open pie made of thin bread dough spread with a spiced mixture of e.g. tomato sauce and cheese" + ], + "it": [ + "Piatto composto da pasta di pane, farcito tipicamente con pomodoro e formaggio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sausage pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomato and cheese pizza with sausage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepperoni pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomato and cheese pizza with pepperoni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pizza with lots of cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchovy pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomato and cheese pizza with anchovies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sicilian pizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pizza made with a thick crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian dish of taro root pounded to a paste and often allowed to ferment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork and beans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried beans cooked with pork and tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porridge" + ], + "it": [ + "porridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick" + ], + "it": [ + "minestra densa a base di farina di avena cotta in acqua o latte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oatmeal", + "burgoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "porridge made of rolled oats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loblolly" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick gruel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-dish meat and vegetable pie or a meat stew with dumplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rijsttaffel", + "rijstaffel", + "rijstafel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dish originating in Indonesia; a wide variety of foods and sauces are served with rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risotto", + "Italian rice" + ], + "it": [ + "risotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice cooked with broth and sprinkled with grated cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roulade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish consisting of a slice of meat that is rolled around a filling and cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish loaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flaked fish baked in a loaf with bread crumbs and various seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salmon loaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish loaf made with flaked salmon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salisbury steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground beef patty usually with a sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauerbraten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pot roast marinated several days in seasoned vinegar before cooking; usually served with potato dumplings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauerkraut" + ], + "it": [ + "crauti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shredded cabbage fermented in brine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallopine", + "scallopini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauteed cutlets (usually veal or poultry) that have been pounded thin and coated with flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veal scallopini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin sauteed cutlets of veal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scampi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large shrimp sauteed in oil or butter and garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard-cooked egg encased in sausage meat then breaded and deep-fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch woodcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creamy scrambled eggs on toast spread with anchovy paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrapple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scraps of meat (usually pork) boiled with cornmeal and shaped into loaves for slicing and frying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd's pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pie of hash covered with mashed potatoes and browned in the oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti and meatballs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spaghetti with meatballs in a tomato sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spicy rice with tomatoes and onions and green peppers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak and kidney pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steak with sauteed kidneys and onions cooked in wine and stock then covered with pastry and baked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "like steak and kidney pie but without steak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak tartare", + "tartar steak", + "cannibal mound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground beef mixed with raw egg and e.g. onions and capers and anchovies; eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strips of steak sauteed with green peppers and onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steak au poivre", + "peppered steak", + "pepper steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steak covered with crushed peppercorns pan-broiled and served with brandy-and-butter sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef Stroganoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sauteed strips of beef and mushrooms in sour cream sauce served with noodles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed cabbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parboiled head of cabbage scooped out and filled with a hash of chopped e.g. beef or ham and baked; served with tomato or cheese sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kishke", + "stuffed derma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judaism) roasted fowl intestines with a seasoned filling of matzo meal and suet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed peppers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "parboiled green peppers stuffed usually with rice and meat and baked briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed tomato", + "hot stuffed tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomato cases filled with various mixtures and baked briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed tomato", + "cold stuffed tomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tomato cases filled with various salad mixtures and served cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succotash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fresh corn and lima beans with butter or cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sukiyaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin beef strips (or chicken or pork) cooked briefly at the table with onions and greens and soy sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sashimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very thinly sliced raw fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sushi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rice (with raw fish) wrapped in seaweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss steak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steak braised in tomato and onion mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corn and cornmeal dough stuffed with a meat mixture then wrapped in corn husks and steamed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamale pie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meat mixture covered with cornbread topping that resembles a Mexican dish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vegetables and seafood dipped in batter and deep-fried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teriyaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beef or chicken or seafood marinated in spicy soy sauce and grilled or broiled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrine" + ], + "it": [ + "terrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pate or fancy meatloaf baked in an earthenware casserole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh rarebit", + "Welsh rabbit", + "rarebit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "crostino al formaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheese melted with ale or beer served over toast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnitzel", + "Wiener schnitzel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-fried breaded veal cutlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tortilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin unleavened pancake made from cornmeal or wheat flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tortilla rolled cupped around a filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken taco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taco with a chicken filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flour tortilla folded around a filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beef burrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burrito with a beef filling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quesadilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tortilla that is filled with cheese and heated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tostada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crisp flat tortilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tostada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat tortilla with various fillings piled on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean tostada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat tortilla topped with refried beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refried beans", + "frijoles refritos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried beans cooked and mashed and then fried in lard with various seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beverage", + "drink", + "drinkable", + "potable" + ], + "it": [ + "bevanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any liquid suitable for drinking" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi liquido potabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any thin watery drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concoction", + "mixture", + "intermixture" + ], + "it": [ + "composto", + "miscela", + "miscuglio", + "misto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any foodstuff made by combining different ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix", + "premix" + ], + "it": [ + "premix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially prepared mixture of dry ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filling" + ], + "it": [ + "ripieno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a food mixture used to fill pastry or sandwiches etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lekvar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet filling made of prunes or apricots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potion" + ], + "it": [ + "beveraggio", + "filtro", + "pozione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medicinal or magical or poisonous beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elixir" + ], + "it": [ + "elisir", + "elixir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a substance believed to cure all ills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elixir of life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical substance believed to maintain life indefinitely; once sought by alchemists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philter", + "philtre", + "love-potion", + "love-philter", + "love-philtre" + ], + "it": [ + "filtro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink credited with magical power; can make the one who takes it love the one who gave it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink to follow immediately after another drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draught", + "potation", + "tipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hearty draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "round of drinks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving to each of a group (usually alcoholic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge", + "toast" + ], + "it": [ + "brindisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink in honor of or to the health of a person or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcohol", + "alcoholic drink", + "alcoholic beverage", + "intoxicant", + "inebriant" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolico", + "alcoolico", + "bevanda alcolica", + "alcool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink" + ], + "it": [ + "consumazione", + "bere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single serving of a beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixture containing half alcohol by volume at 60 degrees Fahrenheit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serving (of wine) poured out in honor of a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(facetious) a serving of an alcoholic beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home brew", + "homebrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic beverage (especially beer) made at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooch", + "hootch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illicitly distilled (and usually inferior) alcoholic liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kava", + "kavakava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic drink made from the aromatic roots of the kava shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aperitif" + ], + "it": [ + "aperitivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alcoholic beverage taken before a meal as an appetizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brew", + "brewage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink made by steeping and boiling and fermenting rather than distilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer" + ], + "it": [ + "birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general name for alcoholic beverages made by fermenting a cereal (or mixture of cereals) flavored with hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft beer", + "draught beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beer drawn from a keg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dysphemism for beer (especially for lager that effervesces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munich beer", + "Munchener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark lager produced in Munich since the 10th century; has a distinctive taste of malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bock", + "bock beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very strong lager traditionally brewed in the fall and aged through the winter for consumption in the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lager", + "lager beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term for beer made with bottom fermenting yeast (usually by decoction mashing); originally it was brewed in March or April and matured until September" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lager with reduced alcohol content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oktoberfest", + "Octoberfest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong lager made originally in Germany for the Oktoberfest celebration; sweet and copper-colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilsner", + "Pilsener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale lager with strong flavor of hops; first brewed in the Bohemian town of Pilsen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shebeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlicensed drinking establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weissbier", + "white beer", + "wheat beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general name for beers made from wheat by top fermentation; usually very pale and cloudy and effervescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weizenbier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general name in southern Germany for wheat beers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weizenbock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German wheat beer of bock strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt" + ], + "it": [ + "malto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cereal grain (usually barley) that is kiln-dried after having been germinated by soaking in water; used especially in brewing and distilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfermented or fermenting malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt", + "malt liquor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lager of high alcohol content; by law it is considered too alcoholic to be sold as lager or beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ale" + ], + "it": [ + "birra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "birra amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English term for a dry sharp-tasting ale with strong flavor of hops (usually on draft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong dark English ale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pale ale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amber colored ale brewed with pale malts; similar to bitter but drier and lighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porter", + "porter's beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very dark sweet ale brewed from roasted unmalted barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stout" + ], + "it": [ + "birra scura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong very dark heavy-bodied ale made from pale malt and roasted unmalted barley and (often) caramel malt with hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kind of bitter stout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kvass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fermented beverage resembling beer but made from rye or barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mead" + ], + "it": [ + "idromele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of fermented honey and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metheglin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiced or medicated mead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydromel" + ], + "it": [ + "idromele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honey diluted in water; becomes mead when fermented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oenomel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine mixed with honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "near beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink that resembles beer but with less than 1/2 percent alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated slightly alcoholic drink flavored with fermented ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sake", + "saki", + "rice beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice; usually served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from sap of the Australasian nipa palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine", + "vino" + ], + "it": [ + "vino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fermented juice (of grapes especially)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vintage" + ], + "it": [ + "vendemmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a season's yield of wine from a vineyard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red wine" + ], + "it": [ + "rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine having a red color derived from skins of dark-colored grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white wine" + ], + "it": [ + "bianco", + "vino bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale yellowish wine made from white grapes or red grapes with skins removed before fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blush wine", + "pink wine", + "rose", + "rose wine" + ], + "it": [ + "rosatello", + "rosato", + "rosé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinkish table wine from red grapes whose skins were removed after fermentation began" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altar wine", + "sacramental wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in a communion service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkling wine" + ], + "it": [ + "spumante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effervescent wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champagne", + "bubbly" + ], + "it": [ + "champagne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white sparkling wine either produced in Champagne or resembling that produced there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pink sparkling wine originally from Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burgundy", + "Burgundy wine" + ], + "it": [ + "borgogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red table wine from the Burgundy region of France (or any similar wine made elsewhere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaujolais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry fruity light red wine drunk within a few months after it is made; from the Beaujolais district in southeastern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medoc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red Bordeaux wine from the Medoc district of southwestern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canary wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet white wine from the Canary Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chablis", + "white Burgundy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry white table wine of Chablis, France or a wine resembling it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montrachet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white Burgundy wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chardonnay", + "Pinot Chardonnay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry white table wine resembling Chablis but made from Chardonnay grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinot noir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry red California table wine made from purple Pinot grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinot blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry white California table wine made from white Pinot grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bordeaux", + "Bordeaux wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several red or white wines produced around Bordeaux, France or wines resembling them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claret", + "red Bordeaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry red Bordeaux or Bordeaux-like wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chianti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry red Italian table wine from the Chianti region of Tuscany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabernet", + "Cabernet Sauvignon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superior Bordeaux type of red wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merlot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry red wine made from a grape grown widely in Bordeaux and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauvignon blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a California wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various wines produced in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotes de Provence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wine from southeastern France on the Mediterranean coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dessert wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "still sweet wine often served with dessert or after a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dubonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(trademark) a sweet aromatic French wine (red or white) used chiefly as an aperitif" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jug wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inexpensive wine sold in large bottles or jugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macon", + "maconnais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fine Burgundy wine usually white and dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moselle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German white wine from the Moselle valley or a similar wine made elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscadet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry white wine from the Loire valley in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plonk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vino ordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheap wine of inferior quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek wine flavored with resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhine wine", + "Rhenish", + "hock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several white wines from the Rhine River valley in Germany (`hock' is British usage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riesling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant dry or sweet white wine from the Rhine valley or a similar wine from California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liebfraumilch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetened Rhenish wine (especially one from Hesse in western Germany)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhone wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various wines from the Rhone River valley in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rioja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry red table wine from the Rioja region of northern Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various light dry strong white wine from Spain and Canary Islands (including sherry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Emilion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "full-bodied red wine from around the town of Saint Emilion in Bordeaux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry white Italian wine from Verona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinfandel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry fruity red wine from California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauterne", + "Sauternes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semisweet golden-colored table or dessert wine from around Bordeaux in France; similar wine from California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet wine from grapes partially sun-dried on the vine or on straw mats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table wine" + ], + "it": [ + "vino da tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine containing not more than 14 percent alcohol usually served with a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tokay" + ], + "it": [ + "tocai", + "tokaj" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian wine made from Tokay grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vin ordinaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheap French table wine of unspecified origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermouth" + ], + "it": [ + "vermouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several white wines flavored with aromatic herbs; used as aperitifs or in mixed drinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet vermouth", + "Italian vermouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet dark amber variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry vermouth", + "French vermouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry pale amber variety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chenin blanc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made in California and the Loire valley in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verdicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry white Italian wine made from Verdicchio grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vouvray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry white French wine (either still or sparkling) made in the Loire valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yquem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet white French wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generic", + "generic wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wine that is a blend of several varieties of grapes with no one grape predominating; a wine that does not carry the name of any specific grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varietal", + "varietal wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wine made principally from one grape and carrying the name of that grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortified wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine to which alcohol (usually grape brandy) has been added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madeira" + ], + "it": [ + "Madera", + "madera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amber dessert wine from the Madeira Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malmsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet Madeira wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port", + "port wine" + ], + "it": [ + "porto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet dark-red dessert wine originally from Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sherry" + ], + "it": [ + "sherry", + "xeres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry to sweet amber wine from the Jerez region of southern Spain or similar wines produced elsewhere; usually drunk as an aperitif" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manzanilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very dry pale sherry from Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amontillado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pale medium-dry sherry from Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsala" + ], + "it": [ + "marsala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark sweet or semisweet dessert wine from Sicily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscat", + "muscatel", + "muscadel", + "muscadelle" + ], + "it": [ + "moscatello", + "moscato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine from muscat grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquor", + "spirits", + "booze", + "hard drink", + "hard liquor", + "John Barleycorn", + "strong drink" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolico", + "alcoolico", + "liquore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutral spirits", + "ethyl alcohol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonflavored alcohol of 95 percent or 190 proof used for blending with straight whiskies and in making gin and liqueurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aqua vitae", + "ardent spirits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong distilled liquor or brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eau de vie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong coarse brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonshine", + "bootleg", + "corn liquor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey illegally distilled from a corn mash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathtub gin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "homemade gin especially that made illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquavit", + "akvavit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian liquor usually flavored with caraway seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrack", + "arak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various strong liquors distilled from the fermented sap of toddy palms or from fermented molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitters" + ], + "it": [ + "amaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alcoholic liquor flavored with bitter herbs and roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandy" + ], + "it": [ + "acquavite", + "brandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applejack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distilled from hard cider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvados" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry apple brandy made in Normandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armagnac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry brandy distilled in the Armagnac district of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cognac" + ], + "it": [ + "cognac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high quality grape brandy distilled in the Cognac district of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grappa" + ], + "it": [ + "grappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian brandy made from residue of grapes after pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kirsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from fermented juice of black morello cherries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made from residue of grapes or apples after pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slivovitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless plum brandy popular in the Balkans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin" + ], + "it": [ + "gin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong liquor flavored with juniper berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloe gin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gin flavored with sloes (fruit of the blackthorn)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geneva", + "Holland gin", + "Hollands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gin made in the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rum cut with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ouzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek liquor flavored with anise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rum" + ], + "it": [ + "rum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquor distilled from fermented molasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demerara", + "demerara rum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dark rum from Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica rum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heavy pungent rum from Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnapps", + "schnaps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various strong liquors especially a Dutch spirit distilled from potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fermented Mexican drink from juice of various agave plants especially the maguey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mescal" + ], + "it": [ + "mescal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colorless Mexican liquor distilled from fermented juices of certain desert plants of the genus Agavaceae (especially the century plant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tequila" + ], + "it": [ + "tequila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican liquor made from fermented juices of an agave plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vodka" + ], + "it": [ + "vodka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unaged colorless liquor originating in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey", + "whisky" + ], + "it": [ + "whisky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquor made from fermented mash of grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blended whiskey", + "blended whisky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mixture of two or more whiskeys or of a whiskey and neutral spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourbon" + ], + "it": [ + "bourbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey distilled from a mash of corn and malt and rye and aged in charred oak barrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn whiskey", + "corn whisky", + "corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey distilled from a mash of not less than 80 percent corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firewater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any strong spirits (such as strong whisky or rum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish", + "Irish whiskey", + "Irish whisky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey made in Ireland chiefly from barley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poteen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unlawfully distilled Irish whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rye", + "rye whiskey", + "rye whisky" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "whisky di segale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey distilled from rye or rye and malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch", + "Scotch whiskey", + "Scotch whisky", + "malt whiskey", + "malt whisky", + "Scotch malt whiskey", + "Scotch malt whisky" + ], + "it": [ + "scotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey distilled in Scotland; especially whiskey made from malted barley in a pot still" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour mash", + "sour mash whiskey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any whiskey distilled from sour mash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liqueur", + "cordial" + ], + "it": [ + "affabile", + "amichevole", + "cordiale", + "liquore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong highly flavored sweet liquor usually drunk after a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absinth", + "absinthe" + ], + "it": [ + "assenzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong green liqueur flavored with wormwood and anise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian almond liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anisette", + "anisette de Bordeaux" + ], + "it": [ + "anace", + "anice", + "anisetta", + "mistrà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquorice-flavored usually colorless sweet liqueur made from aniseed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benedictine" + ], + "it": [ + "benedettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French liqueur originally made by Benedictine monks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chartreuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic green or yellow liqueur flavored with orange peel and hyssop and peppermint oils; made at monastery near Grenoble, France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee liqueur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coffee-flavored liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme de cacao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet liqueur flavored with vanilla and cacao beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme de menthe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet green or white mint-flavored liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creme de fraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strawberry-flavored liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drambuie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet Scotch whisky liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "golden Italian liqueur flavored with herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange liqueur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liqueur flavored with orange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curacao", + "curacoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flavored with sour orange peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple sec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of curacao having higher alcoholic content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Marnier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orange-flavored French liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kummel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liqueur flavored with caraway seed or cumin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maraschino", + "maraschino liqueur" + ], + "it": [ + "maraschino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distilled from fermented juice of bitter wild marasca cherries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to absinthe but containing no wormwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pernod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(registered trademark) a liqueur flavored with anise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pousse-cafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small drink served after dinner (especially several liqueurs poured carefully so as to remain in separate layers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kahlua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coffee-flavored liqueur made in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratafia", + "ratafee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet liqueur made from wine and brandy flavored with plum or peach or apricot kernels and bitter almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sambuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian liqueur made with elderberries and flavored with licorice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed drink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of two or more ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocktail" + ], + "it": [ + "cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short mixed drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dom Pedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African mixed drink made by mixing ice cream with whisky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink made of alcoholic liquor mixed with water or a carbonated beverage and served in a tall glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye opener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic drink intended to wake one up early in the morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nightcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic drink taken at bedtime; often alcoholic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hair of the dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic drink supposed to cure a hangover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shandygaff", + "shandy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink made of beer and lemonade" + ], + "it": [ + "birra con gazzosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stirrup cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farewell drink (especially one offered to a horseman ready to depart); usually alcoholic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundowner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink taken at sundown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club soda or fruit juice used to mix with alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bishop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port wine mulled with oranges and cloves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloody Mary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with vodka and spicy tomato juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgin Mary", + "bloody shame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Bloody Mary made without alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with vodka and beef bouillon or consomme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall sweetened iced drink of wine or liquor with fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collins", + "Tom Collins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall iced drink of liquor (usually gin) with fruit juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iced drink especially white wine and fruit juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refresher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink that refreshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick smooth drink consisting of fresh fruit pureed with ice cream or yoghurt or milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daiquiri", + "rum cocktail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with rum and lime or lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry daiquiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "daiquiri with crushed strawberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "NADA daiquiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daiquiri made without alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spritzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink made of wine mixed with a sparkling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hot or cold alcoholic mixed drink containing a beaten egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gimlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of gin or vodka and lime juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin and tonic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gin and quinine water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasshopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of creme de menthe and cream (sometimes with creme de cacao)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harvey Wallbanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of vodka or gin and orange juice and Galliano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "julep", + "mint julep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bourbon and sugar and mint over crushed ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhattan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with whiskey and sweet vermouth with a dash of bitters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rob Roy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manhattan cocktail made with Scotch whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margarita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of tequila and triple sec with lime and lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martini" + ], + "it": [ + "martini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of gin (or vodka) with dry vermouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin and it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of gin and sweet vermouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vodka martini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "martini made with vodka rather than gin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old fashioned" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of whiskey and bitters and sugar with fruit slices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of gin and brandy with lemon juice and grenadine shaken with an egg white and ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet spiced hot milk curdled with ale or beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabub", + "sillabub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiced hot milk with rum or wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sangaree", + "sangria" + ], + "it": [ + "sangria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened red wine and orange or lemon juice with soda water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sazerac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with bourbon with bitters and Pernod and sugar served with lemon peel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwdriver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with vodka and orange juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidecar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of orange liqueur with lemon juice and brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch and soda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highball with Scotch malt whiskey and club soda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highball with liquor and water with sugar and lemon or lime juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandy sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sling made with brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sling made with gin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rum sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sling made with rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of a liquor (especially whiskey or gin) mixed with lemon or lime juice and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey sour", + "whisky sour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sour made with whiskey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of made of creme de menthe and brandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey neat", + "whisky neat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink consisting of whiskey without a mixer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiskey on the rocks", + "whisky on the rocks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiskey with ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tall frothy mixed drinks made usually of rum and lime juice and sugar shaken with ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot toddy", + "toddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink made of liquor and water with sugar and spices and served hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tom and Jerry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hot rum toddy with a beaten egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zombie", + "zombi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several kinds of rum with fruit juice and usually apricot liqueur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fizz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an effervescent beverage (usually alcoholic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish coffee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened coffee with Irish whiskey and whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafe au lait" + ], + "it": [ + "caffellatte", + "caffelatte", + "caffè e latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equal parts of coffee and hot milk" + ], + "it": [ + "bavanda a base di caffè e latte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafe noir", + "demitasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cup of strong black coffee without milk or cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decaffeinated coffee", + "decaf" + ], + "it": [ + "decaffeinato", + "caffè decaffeinato", + "caffè deca", + "deca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coffee with the caffeine removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip coffee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coffee made by passing boiling water through a perforated container packed with finely ground coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espresso" + ], + "it": [ + "espresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong black coffee brewed by forcing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caffe latte", + "latte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong espresso coffee with a topping of frothed steamed milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cappuccino", + "cappuccino coffee", + "coffee cappuccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equal parts of espresso and hot milk topped with cinnamon and nutmeg and usually whipped cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iced coffee", + "ice coffee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong sweetened coffee served over ice with cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instant coffee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dehydrated coffee that can be made into a drink by adding hot water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mocha", + "mocha coffee" + ], + "it": [ + "moca", + "moka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior dark coffee made from beans from Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mocha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavoring made from coffee mixed with chocolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassareep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flavoring made by boiling down the juice of the bitter cassava; used in West Indian cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish coffee" + ], + "it": [ + "caffè turco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink made from pulverized coffee beans; usually sweetened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chocolate milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "milk flavored with chocolate syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cider", + "cyder" + ], + "it": [ + "sidro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage made from juice pressed from apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard cider" + ], + "it": [ + "sidro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alcoholic drink from fermented cider; `cider' and `cyder' are European (especially British) usages for the fermented beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrumpy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong cider (as made in western England)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet cider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfermented cider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulled cider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet cider heated with spices and citrus fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fermented and often effervescent beverage made from juice of pears; similar in taste to hard cider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquor concocted from a mixture of ingredients (such as prunes and raisins and milk and sugar) that can be fermented to produce alcohol; made by prison inmates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotgut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any alcoholic beverage of inferior quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amount of an alcoholic drink (usually liquor) that is poured or gulped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoa", + "chocolate", + "hot chocolate", + "drinking chocolate" + ], + "it": [ + "cioccolata", + "cioccolata calda", + "cioccolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage made from cocoa powder and milk and sugar; usually drunk hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cocoa of superior quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-cream soda", + "ice-cream float", + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink with ice cream floating in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root beer float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice-cream soda made with ice cream floating in root beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkshake", + "milk shake", + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "frappé", + "frullato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frothy drink of milk and flavoring and sometimes fruit or ice cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggshake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milkshake with egg in it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frappe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick milkshake containing ice cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frappe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liqueur poured over shaved ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the liquid part that can be extracted from plant or animal tissue by squeezing or cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit juice", + "fruit crush" + ], + "it": [ + "succo di frutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink produced by squeezing or crushing fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nectar" + ], + "it": [ + "nettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fruit juice especially when undiluted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of apples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranberry juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of cranberries (always diluted and sweetened)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grape juice" + ], + "it": [ + "succo d'uva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of grapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "must" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grape juice before or during fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapefruit juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of grapefruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange juice" + ], + "it": [ + "aranciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bottled or freshly squeezed juice of oranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frozen orange juice", + "orange-juice concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange juice that has been concentrated and frozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pineapple juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of pineapples (usually bottled or canned)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemon juice" + ], + "it": [ + "succo di limone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually freshly squeezed juice of lemons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lime juice" + ], + "it": [ + "succo di limetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually freshly squeezed juice of limes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papaya juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "juice from papayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomato juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the juice of tomatoes (usually bottled or canned)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrot juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually freshly squeezed juice of carrots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "V-8 juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brand name for canned mixed vegetable juices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koumiss", + "kumis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alcoholic beverage made from fermented mare's milk; made originally by nomads of central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit drink", + "ade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetened beverage of diluted fruit juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small amount of liquor added to a food or beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lemonade" + ], + "it": [ + "limonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened beverage of diluted lemon juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limeade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened beverage of lime juice and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orangeade" + ], + "it": [ + "aranciata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweetened beverage of diluted orange juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malted milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "powder made of dried milk and malted cereals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malted", + "malt", + "malted milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a milkshake made with malt powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American tea-like drink made from leaves of a South American holly called mate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulled wine" + ], + "it": [ + "vin brulé", + "vin brûlé" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine heated with sugar and spices and often citrus fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wine and hot water with sugar and lemon juice and nutmeg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft drink" + ], + "it": [ + "analcolico", + "bibita", + "bibita analcolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonalcoholic beverage (usually carbonated)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop", + "soda", + "soda pop", + "soda water", + "tonic" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua di seltz", + "selz", + "bevanda gasata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet drink containing carbonated water and flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated drink containing an extract from bark of birch trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter lemon" + ], + "it": [ + "limonata amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tart lemon-flavored carbonated drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cola", + "dope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated drink flavored with extract from kola nuts (`dope' is a southernism in the United States)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream soda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet carbonated drink flavored with vanilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made of milk and flavored syrup with soda water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger ale", + "ginger pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ginger-flavored carbonated drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange soda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orange-flavored carbonated drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated drink with fruit syrup and a little phosphoric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coca Cola", + "Coke" + ], + "it": [ + "Coca", + "Coca cola", + "coca", + "coca-cola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Coca Cola is a trademarked cola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pepsi", + "Pepsi Cola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pepsi Cola is a trademarked cola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated drink containing extracts of roots and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sarsaparilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carbonated drink flavored with an extract from sarsaparilla root or with birch oil and sassafras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonic", + "tonic water", + "quinine water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua tonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lime- or lemon-flavored carbonated water containing quinine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee bean", + "coffee berry", + "coffee" + ], + "it": [ + "chicco di caffè", + "grano di caffè", + "caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seed of the coffee tree; ground to make coffee" + ], + "it": [ + "semi di caffè" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee", + "java" + ], + "it": [ + "caffè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans" + ], + "it": [ + "bevanda di colore scuro che si ricava dai semi macinati della pianta del caffè" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cafe royale", + "coffee royal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black coffee with Cognac and lemon peel and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of fruit juices mixed with water or soda water (with or without alcohol)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of spirits and milk and sugar and spices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimosa", + "buck's fizz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink containing champagne and orange juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pina colada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink made of pineapple juice and coconut cream and rum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch" + ], + "it": [ + "ponce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an iced mixed drink usually containing alcohol and prepared for multiple servings; normally served in a punch bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch served in a pitcher instead of a punch bowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champagne cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch containing a sparkling wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claret cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of claret and brandy with lemon juice and sugar and sometimes sherry or curacao and fresh fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wassail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of sweetened ale or wine heated with spices and roasted apples; especially at Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planter's punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made of rum and lime or lemon juice with sugar and sometimes bitters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White Russian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cocktail made with vodka, coffee liqueur, and milk or cream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish house punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of rum and brandy and water or tea sweetened with sugar syrup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "May wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of Moselle and sugar and sparkling water or champagne flavored with sweet woodruff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eggnog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a punch made of sweetened milk or cream mixed with eggs and usually alcoholic liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glogg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian punch made of claret and aquavit with spices and raisins and orange peel and sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drink resembling beer; made from fermented cassava juice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i78999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brew made by fermenting molasses and other sugars with the sap of spruce trees (sometimes with malt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rickey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mixed drink made of sweetened lime juice and soda water usually with liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin rickey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rickey made with gin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea", + "tea leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried leaves of the tea shrub; used to make tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea bag" + ], + "it": [ + "bustina di tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a measured amount of tea in a bag for an individual serving of tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea" + ], + "it": [ + "tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea-like drink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage that resembles tea but is not made from tea leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cambric tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beverage for children containing hot water and milk and sugar and a small amount of tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuppa", + "cupper" + ], + "it": [ + "tazza di tè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cup of tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herb tea", + "herbal tea", + "herbal" + ], + "it": [ + "infusione", + "infuso", + "tisana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tea-like drink made of leaves of various herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tisane" + ], + "it": [ + "tisana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infusion of e.g. dried or fresh flowers or leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camomile tea" + ], + "it": [ + "camomilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tea-like drink made from camomile leaves and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice tea", + "iced tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong tea served over ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tea made by exposing tea leaves steeped in water to the direct rays of the sun; usually served with ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fermented tea leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congou", + "congo", + "congou tea", + "English breakfast tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "black tea grown in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darjeeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine variety of black tea grown in northern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orange pekoe", + "pekoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior grade of black tea; grown in India and Sri Lanka and Java" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souchong", + "soochong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fine quality of black tea native to China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tea leaves that have been steamed and dried without fermenting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese green tea with twisted leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oolong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese tea leaves that have been partially fermented before being dried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua", + "H2O" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liquid necessary for the life of most animals and plants" + ], + "it": [ + "liquido trasparente incolore, inodore e insapore, la cui molecola è formata da due atomi di idrogeno e uno di ossigeno", + "costituente fondamentale degli organismi viventi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottled water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drinking water (often spring water) that is put into bottles and offered for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pure natural water from a stream or brook; often distinguished from soda water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua freatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water from a spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water sweetened with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua del rubinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water directly from the spigot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinking water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua potabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water suitable for drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water served ice-cold or with ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda water", + "carbonated water", + "club soda", + "seltzer", + "sparkling water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua di soda", + "acqua frizzante", + "selz", + "soda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "effervescent beverage artificially charged with carbon dioxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua minerale", + "minerale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water naturally or artificially impregnated with mineral salts or gasses; often effervescent; often used therapeutically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seltzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naturally effervescent mineral water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vichy water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sparkling mineral water from springs at Vichy, France or water similar to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brine" + ], + "it": [ + "salamoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong solution of salt and water used for pickling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perishable", + "spoilable" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "merci deperibili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food that will decay rapidly if not refrigerated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couscous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spicy dish that originated in northern Africa; consists of pasta steamed with a meat and vegetable stew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramekin", + "ramequin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cheese dish made with egg and bread crumbs that is baked and served in individual fireproof dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rugulah", + "rugelach", + "ruggelach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pastry made with a cream cheese dough and different fillings (as raisins and walnuts and cinnamon or chocolate and walnut and apricot preserves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multivitamin", + "multivitamin pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pill or tablet containing several vitamins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitamin pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pill containing one or more vitamins; taken as a dietary supplement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "food traditionally eaten by African-Americans in the South" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) weak or watery unappetizing food or drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dish or dessert that is formed in or on a mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrangement" + ], + "it": [ + "disposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orderly grouping (of things or persons) considered as a unit; the result of arranging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wandering or disorderly grouping (of things or persons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "array" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orderly arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classification", + "categorization", + "categorisation" + ], + "it": [ + "classifica", + "classificazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people or things arranged by class or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichotomy", + "duality" + ], + "it": [ + "dicotomia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichotomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "being threefold; a classification into three parts or subclasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clone", + "clon" + ], + "it": [ + "clone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basic group of natural objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest taxonomic group into which organisms are grouped; one of five biological categories: Monera or Protoctista or Plantae or Fungi or Animalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subkingdom" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoregno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group comprising a major division of a kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineral kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all inorganic objects; contrasts with animal and plant kingdoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo biologico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of plants or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of organisms sharing a specific genetic constitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biotype" + ], + "it": [ + "biotipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organisms sharing a specified genotype or the genotype (or peculiarities) so shared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community", + "biotic community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major biotic community characterized by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "people" + ], + "it": [ + "gente", + "persona", + "popolazione", + "popolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo, considerato nell'insieme, di individui" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peoples" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the human beings of a particular nation or community or ethnic group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age group", + "age bracket", + "cohort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people having approximately the same age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancients" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aged", + "elderly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are old collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young", + "youth" + ], + "it": [ + "gioventù", + "giovane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young people collectively" + ], + "it": [ + "persone giovani intese collettivamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baffled" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are frustrated and perplexed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people viewed as members of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are brave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timid", + "cautious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are fearful and cautious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business people", + "businesspeople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who transact business (especially business executives)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country people", + "countryfolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people raised in or living in a rural environment; rustics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country people", + "countryfolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people living in the same country; compatriots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damned" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are condemned to eternal punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead" + ], + "it": [ + "morto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are no longer living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living" + ], + "it": [ + "vivente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are still living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have severe hearing impairments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defeated", + "discomfited" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are defeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disabled", + "handicapped" + ], + "it": [ + "disabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people collectively who are crippled or otherwise physically handicapped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the halt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archaic) lame persons collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doomed", + "lost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are destined to die soon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enemy" + ], + "it": [ + "nemico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any hostile group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "episcopacy", + "episcopate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collective body of bishops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estivation", + "aestivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the arrangement of sepals and petals in a flower bud before it opens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk", + "folks", + "common people" + ], + "it": [ + "gente", + "popolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people in general (often used in the plural)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentlefolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people of good family and breeding and high social status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass roots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common people at a local level (as distinguished from the centers of political activity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free", + "free people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home folk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "folks from your own home town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homebound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are confined to their homes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeless" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poor people who unfortunately do not have a home to live in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiate", + "enlightened" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uninitiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have not been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentally retarded", + "retarded", + "developmentally challenged" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people collectively who are mentally retarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of like-minded people united by the internet; a new kind of social or political of business group that may exert broad influence on a shared concern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) people whose criticisms are regarded as irrelevant or insignificant (resembling uneducated people who throw peanuts on the stage to express displeasure with a performance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small isolated group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreated" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have retreated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are sick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have been slain (as in battle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tradespeople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people engaged in trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wounded", + "maimed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are wounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people sharing some social relation" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di persone che interagiscono sulla base di una qualche relazione sociale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collection", + "aggregation", + "accumulation", + "assemblage" + ], + "it": [ + "collezione", + "aggregazione", + "aggregato", + "accumulo", + "raggruppamento", + "accumulamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "several things grouped together or considered as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armamentarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of equipment and methods used in the practice of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art collection" + ], + "it": [ + "collezione d'arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of art works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backlog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accumulation of jobs not done or materials not processed that are yet to be dealt with (especially unfilled customer orders for products or services)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery" + ], + "it": [ + "batteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of related things intended for use together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number or quantity of related things dealt with as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book", + "rule book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of rules or prescribed standards on the basis of which decisions are made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of playing cards satisfying the rules of a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunch", + "lot", + "caboodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any collection in its entirety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any collection of diverse things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensemble", + "tout ensemble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assemblage of parts or details (as in a work of art) considered as forming a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpus" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo", + "corpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of writings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of people or things appearing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tenants of an estate considered as a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loan collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of pictures loaned by their owners for exhibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "findings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of tools and other articles used by an artisan to make jewelry or clothing or shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagging" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flagstones collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flinders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bits and splinters and fragments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete collection of similar things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk pack", + "disc pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a portable pack of magnetic disks used in a disk storage device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack of cards", + "deck of cards", + "deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pack of 52 playing cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand", + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "girata", + "mano", + "smazzata", + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time" + ], + "it": [ + "nei giochi di carte, ciascuna fase in cui le carte del mazzo vengono distribuite e giocate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a hand, the suit having the most cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cards held in a game of bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge hand that is void of trumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long suit including high cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poker hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 5 cards held in a game of poker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royal flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with the ace, king, queen, jack, and 10 all in the same suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with consecutive cards in the same suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with 3 of a kind and a pair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with all 5 cards in the same suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight" + ], + "it": [ + "scala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with 5 consecutive cards (regardless of suit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poker hand with 2 cards of the same value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbarium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of dried plants that are mounted and systematically classified for study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp collection" + ], + "it": [ + "collezione di francobolli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statuary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statues collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elgin Marbles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of classical Greek marble sculptures and fragments of architecture created by Phidias; chiefly from the Parthenon in Athens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sum", + "summation", + "sum total" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final aggregate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglomeration" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulo", + "agglomeramento", + "agglomerazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jumbled collection or mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edition" + ], + "it": [ + "edizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the identical copies of something offered to the public at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gimmickry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of gimmicks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunch", + "clump", + "cluster", + "clustering" + ], + "it": [ + "ciuffo", + "mazzo", + "insieme", + "gruppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grouping of a number of similar things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tight cluster of people or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations possessing nuclear weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuft", + "tussock" + ], + "it": [ + "ciocca", + "ciuffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bunch of hair or feathers or growing grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small tuft or lock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball", + "clod", + "glob", + "lump", + "clump", + "chunk" + ], + "it": [ + "zolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lump of slimy stuff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball of yarn or cord or thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile", + "heap", + "mound", + "agglomerate", + "cumulation", + "cumulus" + ], + "it": [ + "accatastamento", + "accumulo", + "ammassamento", + "ammasso", + "ammucchiamento", + "catasta", + "caterva", + "coacervazione", + "cumolo", + "cumulo", + "mucchio", + "pila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of objects laid on top of each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compost heap", + "compost pile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heap of manure and vegetation and other organic residues that are decaying to become compost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass" + ], + "it": [ + "massa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ill-structured collection of similar things (objects or people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunghill", + "midden", + "muckheap", + "muckhill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heap of dung or refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logjam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immovable mass of logs blocking a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "bosco", + "zazzera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bushy thick mass (especially hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrapheap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pile of discarded metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "bica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pile of sheaves of grain set on end in a field to dry; stalks of Indian corn set up in a field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slagheap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pile of waste matter from coal mining etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stack" + ], + "it": [ + "catasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orderly pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haystack", + "hayrick", + "rick" + ], + "it": [ + "barca", + "bica", + "pagliaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stack of hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haycock" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mucchio di fieno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cone-shaped pile of hay that has been left in the field until it is dry enough to carry to the hayrick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyre", + "funeral pyre" + ], + "it": [ + "pira", + "rogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood heaped for burning a dead body as a funeral rite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodpile" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "catasta di legna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pile or stack of wood to be used for fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ], + "it": [ + "combinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amalgam" + ], + "it": [ + "amalgama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination or blend of diverse things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color scheme", + "colour scheme" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "combinazione di colori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned combination of colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combination that results from coupling or interlinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza", + "associazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alliance of people or corporations or countries for a special purpose (formerly to achieve some antisocial end but now for general political or economic purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination in restraint of trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) any monopoly or contract or combination or conspiracy intended to restrain commerce (which are illegal according to antitrust laws of the United States)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "ente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people sharing some common interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world", + "domain" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "society" + ], + "it": [ + "società", + "società civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people migrating together (especially in some given time period)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minority" + ], + "it": [ + "minoranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector" + ], + "it": [ + "settore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social group that forms part of the society or the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business", + "business sector" + ], + "it": [ + "attività", + "affare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "business concerns collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commercial enterprises organized and financed on a scale large enough to influence social and political policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic group", + "ethnos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic minority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race" + ], + "it": [ + "genia", + "razza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "people of color", + "people of colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race with skin pigmentation different from the white race (especially Blacks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master race", + "Herrenvolk" + ], + "it": [ + "razza superiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race that considers itself superior to all others and fitted to rule the others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest", + "interest group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual or group who are concerned with some particular part of the economy and who try to influence legislators or bureaucrats to act in their favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vested interest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "groups that seek to control a social system or activity from which they derive private benefit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military-industrial complex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country's military establishment and the industries that produce arms and other military equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kin", + "kin group", + "kinship group", + "kindred", + "clan", + "tribe" + ], + "it": [ + "clan", + "genia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of people related by blood or marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mishpocha", + "mishpachah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) the entire family network of relatives by blood or marriage (and sometimes close friends)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your friends and acquaintances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family", + "family unit" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primary social group; parents and children" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo sociale primario", + "genitori e figli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family", + "family line", + "folk", + "kinfolk", + "kinsfolk", + "sept", + "phratry" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people descended from a common ancestor" + ], + "it": [ + "l'insieme dei consanguinei di tutte le generazioni presenti e passate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folks" + ], + "it": [ + "gente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "people" + ], + "it": [ + "gente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of a family line" + ], + "it": [ + "membri di uno stesso nucleo parentale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homefolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of your home locality (especially your own family)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "casata", + "progenie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aristocratic family line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynasty" + ], + "it": [ + "casa", + "dinastia", + "casato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family" + ], + "it": [ + "i membri di piu` generazioni successive di una stessa famiglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "gens" + ], + "it": [ + "nome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family based on male descent" + ], + "it": [ + "individua la particolare famiglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feudalism", + "feudal system" + ], + "it": [ + "feudalesimo", + "feudalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th century; vassals were protected by lords who they had to serve in war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarchy", + "patriarchate" + ], + "it": [ + "patriarcato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriarchy", + "matriarchate" + ], + "it": [ + "matriarcato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of social organization in which a female is the family head and title is traced through the female line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meritocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of social system in which power goes to those with superior intellects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building" + ], + "it": [ + "condominio", + "fabbricato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupants of a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broken home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family in which the parents have separated or divorced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear family", + "conjugal family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family consisting of parents and their children and grandparents of a marital partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extended family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family consisting of the nuclear family and their blood relatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family of a fosterling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a household in which an orphaned or delinquent child is placed (usually by a social-service agency)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class", + "stratum", + "social class", + "socio-economic class" + ], + "it": [ + "ceto", + "classe sociale", + "strato", + "stato", + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people having the same social, economic, or educational status" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia di popolazione contraddistinta da una medesima condizione economica e sociale e da interessi comuni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people in the same age range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social group holding marginal or extreme views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gathering", + "assemblage" + ], + "it": [ + "accolta", + "addensamento", + "aggruppamento", + "raccolta", + "riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of persons together in one place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bee" + ], + "it": [ + "riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social gathering to carry out some communal task or to hold competitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of passengers sufficient to fill an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assemblage of people or animals or things collected together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contingent" + ], + "it": [ + "contingente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of persons representative of some larger group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the occupants of a floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love feast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social gathering intended to create goodwill among the participants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilting bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering to make quilts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of the best or most popular people or items of a given kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judaica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "historical and literary materials relating to Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kludge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a badly assembled collection of parts hastily assembled to serve some particular purpose (often used to refer to computing systems or software that has been badly put together)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library", + "program library", + "subroutine library" + ], + "it": [ + "libreria", + "libreria di programmi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) a collection of standard programs and subroutines that are stored and available for immediate use" + ], + "it": [ + "un insieme di programmi e/o routine standard utilizzati da vari programmi applicativi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "library" + ], + "it": [ + "biblioteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of literary documents or records kept for reference or borrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliotheca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public library" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonprofit library maintained for public use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rental collection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of books that can be rented by readers in return for a small daily fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classical mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of mythology of the Greeks and Romans together; much of Roman mythology (especially the gods) was borrowed from the Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mythology of the ancient Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mythology of the ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norse mythology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mythology of Scandinavia (shared in part by Britain and Germany) until the establishment of Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nag Hammadi", + "Nag Hammadi Library" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of 13 ancient papyrus codices translated from Greek into Coptic that were discovered by farmers near the town of Nag Hammadi in 1945; the codices contain 45 distinct works including the chief sources of firsthand knowledge of Gnosticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set containing a single member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair", + "brace" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia", + "paio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of two similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "team" + ], + "it": [ + "attacco", + "muta", + "tiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two or more draft animals that work together to pull something" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di animali necessari per trainare un veicolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fresh team to relieve weary draft animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple", + "twosome", + "duo", + "duet" + ], + "it": [ + "binomio", + "duo", + "coppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair who associate with one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trilogy" + ], + "it": [ + "trilogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of three literary or dramatic works related in subject or theme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room" + ], + "it": [ + "sala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people who are present in a room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trio", + "threesome", + "triad", + "trinity" + ], + "it": [ + "terzetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trio", + "triad", + "triplet", + "triple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of three similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small military force that serves as a first line of defense; if they become engaged in hostilities it will trigger the intervention of stronger military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trimurti" + ], + "it": [ + "trimurti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the triad of divinities of later Hinduism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplicity", + "trigon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) one of four groups of the zodiac where each group consists of three signs separated from each other by 120 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triumvirate" + ], + "it": [ + "triumvirato", + "triunvirato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of three men responsible for public administration or civil authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern Russian triumvirate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnout" + ], + "it": [ + "affluenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group that gathers together for a particular occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartet", + "quartette", + "foursome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "four people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintet", + "quintette", + "fivesome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "five people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextet", + "sextette", + "sixsome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "six people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septet", + "septette", + "sevensome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seven people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octet", + "octette", + "eightsome" + ], + "it": [ + "ottetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eight people considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrumvirate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of four men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartet", + "quartette", + "quadruplet", + "quadruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of four similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintet", + "quintette", + "quintuplet", + "quintuple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of five similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextet", + "sextette", + "sestet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of six similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septet", + "septette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of seven similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octet", + "octette" + ], + "it": [ + "ottetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of eight similar things considered as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tweedledum and Tweedledee", + "Tweedledee and Tweedledum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any two people who are hard to tell apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple", + "mates", + "match" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of people who live together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power couple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a couple both of whom have high-powered careers or are politically influential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DINK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a couple who both have careers and no children (an acronym for dual income no kids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage", + "married couple", + "man and wife" + ], + "it": [ + "marito e moglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two people who are married to each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronte sisters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 19th century family of three sisters who all wrote novels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx Brothers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of United States comedians consisting of four brothers with an anarchic sense of humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "same-sex marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two people of the same sex who live together as a family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed marriage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marriage of two people from different races or different religions or different cultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) a group of organisms (plants and animals) that live together in a certain geographical region and constitute a community with a few dominant species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antibiosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association between organisms that is harmful to one of them or between organisms and a metabolic product of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood" + ], + "it": [ + "chiocciata", + "covata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the young of an animal cared for at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flock" + ], + "it": [ + "branco", + "stormo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flock", + "fold" + ], + "it": [ + "branco", + "gregge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of sheep or goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flock" + ], + "it": [ + "gregge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church congregation guided by a pastor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congregation", + "fold", + "faithful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of birds (especially when gathered close together on the ground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of coots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small flock of grouse or partridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exaltation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of larks (especially a flock of larks in flight overhead)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of geese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of biological taxa or species that share features inherited from a common ancestor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxonomic group", + "taxonomic category", + "taxon" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo tassonomico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "animal or plant group having natural relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biota", + "biology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the plant and animal life of a particular region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fauna", + "zoology" + ], + "it": [ + "fauna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the animal life in a particular region or period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petting zoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of docile animals for children to pet and feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avifauna" + ], + "it": [ + "avifauna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the birds of a particular region or period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildlife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all living things (except people) that are undomesticated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herd" + ], + "it": [ + "armento", + "branco", + "mandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herd" + ], + "it": [ + "armento", + "branco", + "mandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of wild mammals of one species that remain together: antelope or elephants or seals or whales or zebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herd of whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the herd of horses from which those to be used the next day are chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ], + "it": [ + "branco", + "muta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of hunting animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of wolves hunting together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of aquatic mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of lions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clowder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school", + "shoal" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "branco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large group of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some social insects (such as ants) a physically distinct individual or group of individuals specialized to perform certain functions in the colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of organisms of the same type living or growing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colony" + ], + "it": [ + "colonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(microbiology) a group of organisms grown from a single parent cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swarm", + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "brulicame", + "nugolo", + "sciame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of many things in the air or on the ground" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo molto fitto di insetti volanti \"uno sciame di api\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infestation", + "plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swarm of insects that attack plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warren" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "colonia di conigli", + "branco di conigli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colony of rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "set", + "serie", + "gioco", + "completo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used" + ], + "it": [ + "serie di elementi diversi per dimensioni o caratteristiche destinati a un particolare uso o scopo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "checkerboard and a set of 32 pieces used to play chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicure set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of implements used to manicure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collection of materials of or characteristic of the Victorian era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class", + "category", + "family" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria", + "classe", + "genere", + "ordine", + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of things sharing a common attribute" + ], + "it": [ + "raggruppamento di cose che hanno caratteristiche o proprietà comuni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the family of brass instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violin family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the family of bowed stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodwind family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(music) the family of woodwind instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type or class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union", + "sum", + "join" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct sum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union of two disjoint sets in which every element is the sum of an element from each of the disjoint sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersection", + "product", + "Cartesian product" + ], + "it": [ + "intersezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of elements common to two or more sets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex" + ], + "it": [ + "sesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the two categories (male or female) into which most organisms are divided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the horses in a particular horse race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols" + ], + "it": [ + "una collezione astratta di numeri o simboli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domain", + "domain of a function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the set of values of the independent variable for which a function is defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "image", + "range", + "range of a function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the set of values of the dependent variable for which a function is defined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) the set that contains all the elements or objects involved in the problem under consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of all points or lines that satisfy or are determined by specific conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subgroup" + ], + "it": [ + "sottogruppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinct and often subordinate group within a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set whose members are members of another set; a set contained within another set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "null set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set that is empty; a set with no members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandelbrot set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of complex numbers that has a highly convoluted fractal boundary when plotted; the set of all points in the complex plane that are bounded under a certain mathematical iteration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematical space", + "topological space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) any set of points that satisfy a set of postulates of some kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcasting company" + ], + "it": [ + "radiotelevisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that manages tv or radio stations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureau de change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(French) an establishment where you can exchange foreign money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car company", + "auto company" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia automobilistica", + "ditta automobilistica", + "casa automobilistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes and sells automobiles" + ], + "it": [ + "una ditta che costruisce e vende automobili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot-com", + "dot com", + "dot com company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that operates its business primarily on the internet using a URL that ends in `.com'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug company", + "pharmaceutical company", + "pharma" + ], + "it": [ + "ditta farmaceutica", + "compagnia farmaceutica", + "casa farmaceutica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes and sells pharmaceuticals" + ], + "it": [ + "ditta che fabbrica e vende farmaci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East India Company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English company formed in 1600 to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and southeastern Asia; in the 18th century it assumed administrative control of Bengal and held it until the British army took over in 1858 after the Indian Mutiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronics company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes and sells electronic instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes, advertises, and distributes movies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent film company not associated with an established studio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that processes and sells food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furniture company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that sells furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mining company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that owns and manages mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping company" + ], + "it": [ + "spedizioniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that provides shipping services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes and sells steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidiary company", + "subsidiary" + ], + "it": [ + "filiale", + "società affiliata", + "società sussidiaria", + "succursale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that is completely controlled by another company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transportation company" + ], + "it": [ + "messaggeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company providing transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trucking company" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa di trasporti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that ships goods or possessions by truck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subspace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space that is contained within another space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "null space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space that contains no points; and empty space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of points such as those of a closed surface or an analogue in three or more dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metric space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of points such that for every pair of points there is a nonnegative real number called their distance that is symmetric and satisfies the triangle inequality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclidean space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space in which Euclid's axioms and definitions apply; a metric space that is linear and finite-dimensional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hilbert space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metric space that is linear and complete and (usually) infinite-dimensional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field containing only binary characters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalar field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field of scalars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solution", + "root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the set of values that give a true statement when substituted into an equation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket" + ], + "it": [ + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category falling within certain defined limits" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei raggruppamenti in cui sono suddivisi i valori di una grandezza economica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "income bracket", + "tax bracket", + "income tax bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category of taxpayers based on the amount of their income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a category of merchandise based on their price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of nouns or pronouns or adjectives in Indo-European languages having the same (or very similar) inflectional forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of verbs having the same inflectional forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugation" + ], + "it": [ + "coniugazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the complete set of inflected forms of a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of one kind of unit in a system of numbers or measures or weights or money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histocompatibility complex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fifty or more genes on the sixth human chromosome that code for proteins on the surfaces of cells and that play a role in the immune response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job lot" + ], + "it": [ + "lotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miscellaneous collection of things sold together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matching set of furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedroom suite", + "bedroom set" + ], + "it": [ + "camera", + "camera da letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suite of furniture for the bedroom" + ], + "it": [ + "i mobili e l'arredamento in genere per la stanza da letto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diningroom suite", + "diningroom set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suite of furniture for the dining room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livingroom suite", + "livingroom set" + ], + "it": [ + "soggiorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suite of furniture for the living room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "package", + "bundle", + "packet", + "parcel" + ], + "it": [ + "collo", + "involto", + "malloppo", + "pacchetto", + "pacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of things wrapped or boxed together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bundle of straw or hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization", + "organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people who work together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization with little or no structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary or subordinate organization that is affiliated with another organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureaucracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organization in which action is obstructed by insistence on unnecessary procedures and red tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nongovernmental organization", + "NGO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization that is not part of the local or state or federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcoholics Anonymous", + "AA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization that provides a support group for persons trying to overcome alcoholism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group that has worked with Al Qaeda; claimed responsibility for attacks in Iraq and Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abu Sayyaf", + "Bearer of the Sword" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small gang of terrorist thugs claiming to seek a separate Islamic state for the Muslim minority in the Philippines; uses bombing and assassination and extortion and kidnapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aksa Martyrs Brigades", + "al-Aksa Martyrs Brigades", + "Martyrs of al-Aqsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant offshoot of al-Fatah that is the newest and strongest and best equipped faction active in the West Bank; responsible for many deadly attacks in Israel in 2002" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alex Boncayao Brigade", + "ABB", + "Revolutionary Proletarian Army", + "RPA-ABB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban hit squad and guerrilla group of the Communist Party in the Philippines; formed in the 1980s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Fatah", + "Fatah", + "al-Asifa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Palestinian political and military organization founded by Yasser Arafat in 1958 to work toward the creation of a Palestinian state; during the 1960s and 1970s trained terrorist and insurgent groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya", + "Islamic Group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization of militant Islamists organized into tiny cells of extreme fundamentalists; emerged during the 1970s mainly in Egyptian jails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al Itihaad al Islamiya", + "al-Itihaad al-Islamiya", + "Islamic Unity", + "AIAI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamentalist Islamic group in Somalia who initially did fundraising for al-Qaeda; responsible for ambushing United States Army Rangers and for terrorist bombings in Ethiopia; believed to have branches in several countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Jihad", + "Egyptian Islamic Jihad", + "Islamic Jihad", + "Vanguards of Conquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic extremist group active since the late 1970s; seeks to overthrow the Egyptian government and replace it with an Islamic state; works in small underground cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Ma'unah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical insurgent Islamist group consisting of disaffected middle-class professionals in Malaysia who want to overthrow the government by violent means and set up an Islamic state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Muhajiroun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard-line extremist Islamic group in Great Britain who support bin Laden and other terrorist groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Al Nathir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Palestinian terrorist organization formed in 2002 and linked to Fatah movement of Yasser Arafat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Qaeda", + "Qaeda", + "al-Qa'ida", + "al-Qaida", + "Base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Rashid Trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group organized in 1996 after the Taliban took over Afghanistan and part of Osama bin Laden's international system; provides financial support for the Taliban and al-Qaeda and Jaish-i-Mohammed and assists Muslim militants around the world; established a network of madrasas and mosques in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al Sunna Wal Jamma", + "Followers of the Phrophet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resurgent Islamic fundamentalist organization based in Nigeria that is thought to be planning terrorist attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Tawhid", + "Al Tawhid", + "Divine Unity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic terrorist cell that originated in Jordan but operates in Germany; goal is to attack Europe and Russia with chemical weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "al-Ummah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in India in 1992; is believed to be responsible for bombings in southern India in 1998" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ansar al Islam", + "Ansar al-Islam", + "Supporters of Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical Islamic group of terrorists in the Iraqi part of Kurdistan who oppose an independent secular nation as advocated by the United States; some members fought with the Taliban and al-Qaeda forces in Afghanistan; said to receive financial support from Saddam Hussein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armata Corsa", + "Corsican Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization founded in 1999 to oppose the link between nationalists and the Corsican mafia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armed Islamic Group", + "GIA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization of Islamic extremists whose violent activities began in 1992; aims to overthrow the secular Algerian regime and replace it with an Islamic state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia", + "ASALA", + "Orly Group", + "3rd October Organization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization formed in 1975 to force Turkey to acknowledge killing more than a million Armenians and forcibly removing them from border areas in 1915; wants Turkey to pay reparations and cede territory to Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Army for the Liberation of Rwanda", + "ALIR", + "Former Armed Forces", + "FAR", + "Interahamwe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization that seeks to overthrow the government dominated by Tutsi and to institute Hutu control again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asbat al-Ansar", + "Band of Partisans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremist Palestinian Sunni group active in Lebanon in the early 1990s that advocates Salafism; responsible for murders and bombings; seeks to overthrow the Lebanese government and control Palestinian refugee camps; funded by al-Qaeda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aum Shinrikyo", + "Aum", + "Supreme Truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization whose goal is to take over Japan and then the world; based on a religion founded in 1987 that combines elements of Buddhism with Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baader Meinhof Gang", + "Baader-Meinhof Gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical left-wing revolutionary terrorist group active in Germany from 1968 until 1977" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basque Homeland and Freedom", + "Basque Fatherland and Liberty", + "Euskadi ta Askatasuna", + "ETA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization organized in 1959 by student activists who were dissatisfied with the moderate nationalism of the traditional Basque party; want to create an independent homeland in Spain's western Pyrenees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black September Movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Palestinian terrorist organization (now merged with Fatah Revolutionary Council) that assassinated the Prime Minister of Jordan and during the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich killed 11 Israeli athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chukaku-Ha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ultra-leftist militant group founded in 1957 from the breakup of the Japanese Communist Party; includes a covert action wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Continuity Irish Republican Army", + "CIRA", + "Continuity Army Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization formed in Ireland in 1994 as a clandestine armed wing of Sinn Fein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine", + "DFLP", + "Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine", + "PDFLP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist group that believes Palestinian goals can only be achieved by revolutionary change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Turkistan Islamic Movement", + "East Turkestan Islamic Movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Uighur Muslims fighting Chinese control of Xinjiang; declared by China in 2001 to be terrorists although there is a long history of cycles of insurgency and repression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fatah Revolutionary Council", + "Fatah-RC", + "Abu Nidal Organization", + "ANO", + "Arab Revolutionary Brigades", + "Black September", + "Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Palestinian international terrorist organization that split from the PLO in 1974; has conducted terrorist attacks in 20 countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fatah Tanzim", + "Tanzim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group organized by Yasser Arafat in 1995 as the armed wing of al-Fatah; serves a dual function of violent confrontation with Israel and serves as Arafat's unofficial militia to prevent rival Islamists from usurping leadership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First of October Antifascist Resistance Group", + "GRAPO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armed wing of the (illegal) Communist Party of Spain; seeks to overthrow the Spanish government and replace it with a Marxist-Leninist regime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Force 17" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formed in 1972 as a personal security force for Arafat and other PLO leaders; became one of PLO's elite units; has built an extensive infrastructure of terrorist cells and weapon depots in Europe while attacking Israeli targets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forces of Umar Al-Mukhtar", + "Umar al-Mukhtar Forces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a little known Palestinian group responsible for bombings and for killing Israelis; seeks to defeat Israel and liberate southern Lebanon, Palestine, and Golan Heights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenpeace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization that works for environmental conservation and the preservation of endangered species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamas", + "Islamic Resistance Movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant Islamic fundamentalist political movement that opposes peace with Israel and uses terrorism as a weapon; seeks to create an Islamic state in place of Israel; is opposed to the PLO and has become a leading perpetrator of terrorist activity in Israel; pioneered suicide bombing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harkat-ul-Jihad-e-Islami", + "Harakat ul-Jihad-I-Islami", + "HUJI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremist militant group in Pakistan occupied Kashmir that seeks an Islamic government and that has had close links and fought with the Taliban in Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harkat-ul-Mujahidin", + "HUM", + "Harkat ul-Ansar", + "HUA", + "Harkat ul-Mujahedeen", + "Al Faran", + "Movement of Holy Warriors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic fundamentalist group in Pakistan that fought the Soviet Union in Afghanistan in the 1980s; now operates as a terrorist organization primarily in Kashmir and seeks Kashmir's accession by Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hizballah", + "Hezbollah", + "Hizbollah", + "Hizbullah", + "Lebanese Hizballah", + "Party of God", + "Islamic Jihad", + "Islamic Jihad for the Liberation of Palestine", + "Revolutionary Justice Organization", + "Organization of the Oppressed on Earth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Shiite terrorist organization with strong ties to Iran; seeks to create an Iranian fundamentalist Islamic state in Lebanon; car bombs are the signature weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hizb ut-Tahrir", + "Freedom Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most popular and feared Islamic extremist group in central Asia; advocates `pure' Islam and the creation of a worldwide Islamic state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Islamic Front for Jihad against Jews and Crusaders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group organized by Osama bin Laden in 1998 that provided an umbrella organization for al-Qaeda and other militant groups in Egypt and Algeria and Pakistan and Bangladesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish National Liberation Army", + "INLA", + "People's Liberation Army", + "People's Republican Army", + "Catholic Reaction Force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical terrorist group dedicated to the removal of British forces from Northern Ireland and the unification of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish Republican Army", + "IRA", + "Provisional Irish Republican Army", + "Provisional IRA", + "Provos" + ], + "it": [ + "Esercito Repubblicano Irlandese", + "IRA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant organization of Irish nationalists who used terrorism and guerilla warfare in an effort to drive British forces from Northern Ireland and achieve a united independent Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamic Army of Aden", + "IAA", + "Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan", + "Aden-Abyan Islamic Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Yemen-based terrorist group that supports al-Qaeda's goals; seeks to overthrow the Yemeni government and eliminate United States interests; responsible for bombings and kidnappings and killing western tourists in Yemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamic Great Eastern Raiders-Front", + "IBDA-C" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish terrorist organization that claimed responsibility for bombing a British consulate and bank in Istanbul; a violent opponent of Turkey's secular government and its ties to the European Union and NATO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamic Group of Uzbekistan", + "IMU", + "Islamic Party of Turkestan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group of Islamic militants formed in 1996; opposes Uzbekistan's secular regime and wants to establish an Islamic state in central Asia; is a conduit for drugs from Afghanistan to central Asian countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaish-i-Mohammed", + "Jaish-e-Muhammad", + "JEM", + "Army of Muhammad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization founded in 2000; a militant Islamic group active in Kashmir and closely aligned with al-Rashid Trust; seeks to secure release of imprisoned fellow militants by kidnappings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaat ul-Fuqra", + "Fuqra", + "Tanzimul Fuqra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic terrorist group organized in the 1980s; seeks to purify Islam through violence; the cells in North America and the Caribbean insulate themselves from Western culture and will even attack other Muslims who they regard as heretics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese Red Army", + "JRA", + "Anti-Imperialist International Brigade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group organized in 1970 to overthrow the Japanese government and monarchy and to foment world revolution; is said to have close ties with Palestinian terrorists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jayshullah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indigenous Islamic terrorist group in Azerbaijan that attempted to bomb the United States embassy in 1999" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jemaah Islamiyah", + "JI", + "Islamic Group", + "Islamic Community", + "Malaysian Mujahidin Group", + "Malaysia Militant Group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clandestine group of southeast Asian terrorists organized in 1993 and trained by al-Qaeda; supports militant Muslims in Indonesia and the Philippines and has cells in Singapore and Malaysia and Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem Warriors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ethnic Turkish Sunni terrorists who are linked with the Turkish Hizballah; killed a United States Air Force sergeant in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jund-ul-Islam", + "Soldiers of God" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic extremist group of Kurds who oppose secular control with bombings and assassinations; believed to have ties with al-Qaeda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kahane Chai", + "Kach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization founded for Jewish defense; fights antisemitism and hopes to restore the biblical state of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaplan Group", + "Association of Islamic Groups and Communities", + "Caliphate State" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish terrorist group of fundamentalist Muslims with ties to al-Qaeda that operates in Germany; seeks the violent overthrow of the Turkish government and the establishment of an Islamic nation modeled on Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khmer Rouge", + "KR", + "Party of Democratic Kampuchea", + "Communist Party of Kampuchea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist organization formed in Cambodia in 1970; became a terrorist organization in 1975 when it captured Phnom Penh and created a government that killed an estimated three million people; was defeated by Vietnamese troops but remained active until 1999" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ku Klux Klan", + "Klan", + "KKK" + ], + "it": [ + "Ku Klux Klan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret society of white Southerners in the United States; was formed in the 19th century to resist the emancipation of slaves; used terrorist tactics to suppress Black people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klavern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local unit of the Ku Klux Klan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurdistan Workers Party", + "Kurdistan Labor Pary", + "Partiya Karkeran Kurdistan", + "PPK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist terrorist group of Kurds trying to establish an independent Kurdish state in eastern Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Contras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Nicaraguan counterrevolutionary guerrilla force from 1979 to 1990; it opposed a left-wing government, with support from the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pesh Merga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Kurdish guerrilla force in Iraqi Kurdistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lashkar-e-Jhangvi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Sunni Muslim extremist group in Pakistan that collaborates with al-Qaeda; the armed wing of Sipah-e-Sahaba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lashkar-e-Omar", + "Al Qanoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization formed in Pakistan in 2002 as a coalition of extremist Islamic militant groups including Lashkar-e-Taiba and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi and Jaish-e-Muhammad and elements of al-Qaeda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lashkar-e-Taiba", + "Lashkar-e-Toiba", + "Lashkar-e-Tayyiba", + "LET", + "Army of the Pure", + "Army of the Righteous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brutal terrorist group active in Kashmir; fights against India with the goal of restoring Islamic rule of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laskar Jihad", + "Holy War Warriors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paramilitary terrorist organization of militant Muslims in Indonesia; wages a jihad against Christians in Indonesia; subscribes to the Wahhabi creed of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lautaro Youth Movement", + "Lautaro Faction of the United Popular Action Movement", + "Lautaro Popular Rebel Forces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent terrorist group organized in the 1980s and advocating the overthrow of the Chilean military government; leaders are mainly criminals or impoverished youths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam", + "LTTE", + "Tamil Tigers", + "Tigers", + "World Tamil Association", + "World Tamil Movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization in Sri Lanka that began in 1970 as a student protest over the limited university access for Tamil students; currently seeks to establish an independent Tamil state called Eelam; relies on guerilla strategy including terrorist tactics that target key government and military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan Islamic Fighting Group", + "FIG", + "Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyyah al-Muqatilah bi-Libya", + "Libyan Fighting Group", + "Libyan Islamic Group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Libyan terrorist group organized in 1995 and aligned with al-Qaeda; seeks to radicalize the Libyan government; attempted to assassinate Qaddafi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord's Resistance Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quasi-religious rebel group in Uganda that terrorized and raped women and kidnapped children who were forced to serve in the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loyalist Volunteer Force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in 1996 in Northern Ireland; seeks to prevent the peace process; murders Catholics and any Protestant leaders who favor peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maktab al-Khidmat", + "MAK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the 1980s to provide money and recruit fighters around the world; enlisted and transported thousands of men to Afghanistan to fight the Russians; a split in the group led bin Laden and the extremist faction of MAK to form al-Qaeda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manuel Rodriquez Patriotic Front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in 1983 as the armed wing of the Chilean Communist Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moranzanist Patriotic Front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group of radical leftists formed in the late 1980s; seeks to prevent the United States from intervening in Honduran economic and political affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moro Islamic Liberation Front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group in the southern Philippines formed in 1977 to establish an independent Islamic state for the Moros; have clashed with troops at United States bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mujahedeen Kompak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant Islamic militia that was formed in 2005 by hardliners who split from Jemaah Islamiyah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mujahidin-e Khalq Organization", + "MKO", + "MEK", + "People's Mujahidin of Iran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization formed in the 1960s by children of Iranian merchants; sought to counter the Shah of Iran's pro-western policies of modernization and opposition to communism; following a philosophy that mixes Marxism and Islam it now attacks the Islamic fundamentalists who deposed the Shah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Liberation Army", + "ELN", + "Nestor Paz Zamora Commission", + "CNPZ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization in Bolivia that acts as an umbrella for numerous small indigenous subversive groups; a revival of a group with Marxist-Leninist ideologies originally established by Che Guevara in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Liberation Army", + "ELN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist terrorist group formed in 1963 by Colombian intellectuals who were inspired by the Cuban Revolution; responsible for a campaign of mass kidnappings and resistance to the government's efforts to stop the drug trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Liberation Front of Corsica", + "FLNC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in 1976 to work for Corsican independence; attacks on Corsica are aimed at sabotaging public infrastructure and symbols of colonialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New People's Army", + "NPA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization that is the militant wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines; a Maoist organization formed to overthrow the government; uses hit squads called Sparrow Units; opposes United States military presence in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orange Order", + "Association of Orangemen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant political organization in Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orange Group", + "OV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group of Protestants who oppose any political settlement with Irish nationalists; a paramilitary group that attacks Catholic interests in Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine Islamic Jihad", + "Palestinian Islamic Jihad", + "PIJ", + "Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant Palestinian terrorist group created in 1979 and committed to the creation of an Islamic state in Palestine and to the destruction of Israel; smaller and more exclusively militant that Hamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine Liberation Front", + "PLF", + "Jabat al-Tahrir al-Filistiniyyah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in 1977 as the result of a split with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine; became a satellite of al-Fatah; made terrorist attacks on Israel across the Lebanese border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestinian Hizballah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a little known Palestinian group comprised of members of Hamas and Tanzim with suspected ties to the Lebanese Hizballah; responsible for suicide bombings in Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentagon Gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Filipino terrorist group that broke away from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in 2001 in order to continue terrorism and kidnapping and extortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine", + "PFLP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group of limited popularity formed in 1967 after the Six-Day War; combined Marxist-Leninist ideology with Palestinian nationalism; used terrorism to gain attention for their cause; hoped to eliminate the state of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command", + "PFLP-GC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization that conducted several attacks in western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Popular Struggle Front", + "PSF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group of radical Palestinians who split with al-Fatah in 1967 but now have close relations with al-Fatah; staged terrorist attacks against Israel across the Lebanese border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "15 May Organization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization formed in 1979 by a faction of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine but disbanded in the 1980s when key members left to join a faction of al-Fatah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "People against Gangsterism and Drugs", + "PAGAD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization in South Africa formed in 1996 to fight drug lords; evolved into a vigilante group with anti-western views closely allied with Qibla; is believed to have ties to Islamic extremists in the Middle East; is suspected of conducting bouts of urban terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puka Inti", + "Sol Rojo", + "Red Sun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small but violent terrorist organization formed in Ecuador in the early 1990s; responsible for bombing several government buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qassam Brigades", + "Salah al-Din Battalions", + "Iz Al-Din Al-Qassam Battalions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military arm of Hamas responsible for suicide bombings and other attacks on Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qibla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small terrorist group of Muslims in South Africa formed in the 1980s; was inspired by Ayatollah Khomeini to create an Islamic state in South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Real IRA", + "Real Irish Republican Army", + "RIRA", + "Dissident Irish Republican Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical terrorist group that broke away in 1997 when the mainstream Provisional IRA proposed a cease-fire; has continued terrorist activities in opposition to any peace agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Army Faction", + "RAF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist and Maoist terrorist organization in Germany; a network of underground guerillas who committed acts of violence in the service of the class struggle; a successor to the Baader-Meinhof Gang; became one of Europe's most feared terrorist groups; disbanded in 1998" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Brigades", + "Brigate Rosse", + "BR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization that arose out of a student protest movement in the late 1960s; wants to separate Italy from NATO and advocates violence in the service of class warfare and revolution; mostly inactive since 1989" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Hand Defenders", + "RHD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paramilitary group of Protestants in Northern Ireland that tries to prevent any political settlement with the Irish Republic; attacks interests of Catholic civilians in Northern Ireland; responsible for arson and bombing and murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia", + "Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarios de Colombia", + "FARC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful and wealthy terrorist organization formed in 1957 as the guerilla arm of the Colombian communist party; opposed to the United States; has strong ties to drug dealers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary Organization 17 November", + "17 November" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization in Greece that is violently opposed to imperialism and capitalism and NATO and the United States; an active terrorist group during the 1980s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary People's Liberation Party", + "Revolutionary People's Liberation Front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme Marxist terrorist organization in Turkey that is opposed to NATO and the United States; attacks Turkish security and military officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary People's Struggle", + "ELA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme leftist terrorist group formed in Greece in 1971 to oppose the military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974; a revolutionary group opposed to capitalism and imperialism and the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary Proletarian Nucleus", + "Revolutionary Proletarian Initiative Nuclei", + "NIPR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clandestine group of leftist extremists who oppose Italy's labor policies and foreign policy; responsible for bombing building in the historic center of Rome from 2000 to 2002" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revolutionary United Front", + "RUF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in the 1980s in Sierra Leone; seeks to overthrow the government and gain control of the diamond producing regions; responsible for attacks on civilians and children, widespread torture and murder and using children to commit atrocities; sponsored by the president of Liberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salafist Group", + "Salafast Group for Call and Combat", + "GSPC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Algerian extremist Islamic offshoot of the Armed Islamic Group; now the largest and most active armed terrorist group in Algeria that seeks to overthrow the government; a major source of support and recruitment for al-Qaeda operations in Europe and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shining Path", + "Sendero Luminoso", + "SL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group formed in Peru in the late 1960s as a splinter group from the communist party of Peru; is among the most ruthless guerilla organizations in the world; seeks to destroy Peruvian institutions and replace them with a Maoist peasant regime; is involved in the cocaine trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sipah-e-Sahaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vicious sectarian organization in Pakistan that persecutes Shiite Muslims and collaborates with al-Qaeda to attack foreigners and to disrupt the government of Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tareekh e Kasas", + "Movement for Revenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of Muslims in India who killed Hindus in September 2002; believed to have ties with Muslim terrorists in Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement", + "Movimiento Revolucionario Tupac Anaru", + "MRTA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization in Peru; was formed in 1983 to overthrow the Peruvian government and replace it with a Marxist regime; has connections with the ELN in Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army", + "EGTK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist group that is the remnants of the original Bolivian insurgents trained by Che Guevara; attacks small unprotected targets such as power pylons or oil pipelines or government buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkish Hizballah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic Kurdish group of Sunni extremists formed in the late 1980s in southeastern Turkey; seeks to replace Turkey's secular regime with an Islamic state and strict shariah law; responsible for bombings and the torture and murder of Turkish and Kurdish journalists and businessmen; receives support from Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulster Defence Association", + "UDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major Protestant paramilitary group in Northern Ireland; responsible for bombing the homes of Catholics and for criminal racketeering and selling drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Self-Defense Force of Colombia", + "United Self-Defense Group of Colombia", + "Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia", + "AUC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist organization in Colombia formed in 1997 as an umbrella for local and regional paramilitary groups; is financed by earnings from narcotics and serves to protect the economic interests of its members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Markaz-ud-Dawa-wal-Irshad", + "MDI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Sunni organization formed in 1989 and based in Pakistan; opposes missionary groups from the United States; has Lashkar-e-Tayyiba as its armed wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Cross" + ], + "it": [ + "Croce Rossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization that cares for the sick or wounded or homeless in wartime" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione internazionale di assistenza sanitaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvation Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charitable and religious organization to evangelize and to care for the poor and homeless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tammany Hall", + "Tammany Society", + "Tammany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umma Tameer-e-Nau", + "UTN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nongovernmental organization of Pakistani scientists that has been a supporter of terrorism; has provided information about chemical and biological and nuclear warfare to Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda and the Taliban" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiefdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization that is controlled by a dominant person or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of defense", + "line of defence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organization whose responsibility it is to defend against something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line organization", + "line organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione di linea", + "organizzazione lineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organizational structure of activities contributing directly to the organization's output" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Trust", + "NT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization concerned to preserve historic monuments and buildings and places of historical interest or natural beauty; founded in 1895 and supported by endowment and private subscription" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "association" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione", + "consociazione", + "consorzio", + "corporazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal organization of people or groups of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Commonwealth", + "Commonwealth of Nations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of nations consisting of the United Kingdom and several former British colonies that are now sovereign states but still pay allegiance to the British Crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a politically organized unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quango", + "quasi-NGO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quasi nongovernmental organization; an organization that is financed by the government yet acts independently of the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government", + "authorities", + "regime" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità", + "governo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione con autorità di governare un'unità politica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authoritarian state", + "authoritarian regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government that concentrates political power in an authority not responsible to the people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureaucracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government that is administered primarily by bureaus that are staffed with nonelective officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancien regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political and social system that no longer governs (especially the system that existed in France before the French Revolution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "royal court" + ], + "it": [ + "corte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Court of Saint James's" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British royal court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porte", + "Sublime Porte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Ottoman court in Constantinople" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Downing Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empire" + ], + "it": [ + "impero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of countries under a single authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government with strong central powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government-in-exile" + ], + "it": [ + "governo in esilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary government moved to or formed in a foreign land by exiles who hope to rule when their country is liberated" + ], + "it": [ + "un governo temporaneo the si è formato oppure si è trasferito all'estero, costituito da esiliati che sperano di governare il loro paese quando sarà liberato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local government" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione locale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government of a local area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military government", + "stratocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government by the military and an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the governing group of a kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papacy", + "pontificate" + ], + "it": [ + "papato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soviets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government of the Soviet Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "institution", + "establishment" + ], + "it": [ + "ente", + "istituto", + "istituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization founded and united for a specific purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "una organizzazione nata per uno scopo preciso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical institution" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto medico", + "istituzione medica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution created for the practice of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinic" + ], + "it": [ + "clinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical establishment run by a group of medical specialists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extended care facility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical institution that provides prolonged care (as in cases of prolonged illness or rehabilitation from acute illness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye clinic" + ], + "it": [ + "studio oculistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clinic where specialist care for a patient's eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial institution", + "financial organization", + "financial organisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution (public or private) that collects funds (from the public or other institutions) and invests them in financial assets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issuer" + ], + "it": [ + "emittente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution that issues something (securities or publications or currency etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giro" + ], + "it": [ + "bancogiro", + "giroconto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British financial system in which a bank or a post office transfers money from one account to another when they receive authorization to do so" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearing house" + ], + "it": [ + "stanza di compensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central collection place where banks exchange checks or drafts; participants maintain an account against which credits or debits are posted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lending institution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that makes loans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charity" + ], + "it": [ + "opera", + "opera pia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution set up to provide help to the needy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community chest" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo di beneficenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charity supported by individual subscriptions; defrays the demands on a community for social welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup kitchen" + ], + "it": [ + "mensa dei poveri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where food is dispensed to the needy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterprise" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization created for business ventures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant" + ], + "it": [ + "gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusually large enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collective" + ], + "it": [ + "collettivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of a cooperative enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collective farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farm operated collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibbutz" + ], + "it": [ + "kibbutz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collective farm or settlement owned by its members in modern Israel; children are reared collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kolkhoz" + ], + "it": [ + "colcos", + "kolchoz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collective farm owned by the communist state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agency" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that serves other businesses" + ], + "it": [ + "ufficio che svolge un'attivita' locale alle dipendenze di un'organizzazione di maggior importanza e con conpetenza territoriale piu` ampia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brokerage" + ], + "it": [ + "intermediazione", + "mediazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the business of a broker; charges a fee to arrange a contract between two parties" + ], + "it": [ + "attività intermediaria, spec. in ambito bancario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier", + "common carrier" + ], + "it": [ + "corriere", + "trasportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or firm in the business of transporting people or goods or messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution created to conduct business" + ], + "it": [ + "un impresa d'affari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conglomerate", + "empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of diverse companies under common ownership and run as a single organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation with a large capitalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation with a small capitalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporation", + "corp" + ], + "it": [ + "società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firm", + "house", + "business firm" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franchise", + "dealership" + ], + "it": [ + "concessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business established or operated under an authorization to sell or distribute a company's goods or services in a particular area" + ], + "it": [ + "chi ha in concessione un appalto o un diritto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manufacturer", + "maker", + "manufacturing business" + ], + "it": [ + "azienda produttrice", + "fabbricante", + "impresa industriale", + "produttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business engaged in manufacturing some product" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso di strutture in cui si produce qualcosa su scale industriale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partnership" + ], + "it": [ + "società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the members of a business venture created by contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copartnership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partnership in which employees get a share of the profits in addition to their wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business", + "concern", + "business concern", + "business organization", + "business organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "azienda", + "ditta", + "esercizio", + "casa", + "compagnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa industriale o commerciale e le persone che la costituiscono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparel chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of clothing stores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of discount stores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restaurant chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of restaurants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that markets merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct mailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distributor who uses direct mail to sell merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retail chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of retail stores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm of accountants who provide accounting and auditing services for a fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consulting firm", + "consulting company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm of experts providing professional advice to an organization for a fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publisher", + "publishing house", + "publishing firm", + "publishing company" + ], + "it": [ + "casa editrice", + "società editrice", + "editore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm in the publishing business" + ], + "it": [ + "chi pubblica libri o riviste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publishing conglomerate", + "publishing empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conglomerate of publishing companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper", + "paper", + "newspaper publisher" + ], + "it": [ + "giornale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business firm that publishes newspapers" + ], + "it": [ + "ditta che pubblica quotidiani" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the staff of a newspaper or the news department of a periodical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magazine", + "magazine publisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business firm that publishes magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm engaged in trading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car dealer" + ], + "it": [ + "autosalone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm that sells and buys cars" + ], + "it": [ + "dove si vendono e acquistano macchine nuove o usate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm that sells and buys computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewelry dealer", + "jewelry store" + ], + "it": [ + "oreficeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm that sells and buys jewelry" + ], + "it": [ + "negozio di gioielli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm that sells and buys trucks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm of lawyers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "defense force", + "defence force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of defenders that provides resistance against attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastion" + ], + "it": [ + "bastione", + "baluardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that defends a principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "defense team", + "defense lawyers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the defendant and his legal advisors collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lawyers acting for the state to put the case against the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of plants (trees or shrubs or flowers) in a particular area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial enterprise" + ], + "it": [ + "impresa commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enterprise connected with commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industry" + ], + "it": [ + "industria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business engaged in processing agricultural products and preparing them for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armorer", + "armourer" + ], + "it": [ + "armaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manufacturer of firearms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminum business", + "aluminum industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manufacturers of aluminum considered as a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparel industry", + "garment industry", + "fashion industry", + "fashion business", + "rag trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makers and sellers of fashionable clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banking industry", + "banking system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "banks collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manufacturer that makes and bottles beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car manufacturer", + "car maker", + "carmaker", + "auto manufacturer", + "auto maker", + "automaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business engaged in the manufacture of automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that manufactures and sells computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manufacturers of automobiles considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operation of aircraft to provide transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manufacturers of chemicals considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the producers of coal considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manufacturers of computers considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction industry", + "housing industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that builds housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electronics industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manufacturers of electronic products considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertainment industry", + "show business", + "show biz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those involved in providing entertainment: radio and television and films and theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film industry", + "movie industry" + ], + "it": [ + "Hollywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entertainment industries involved in producing and distributing movies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bollywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the film industry of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filmdom", + "screenland", + "screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the personnel of the film industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hollywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the film industry of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that is growing rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighting industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry devoted to manufacturing and selling and installing lighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munitions industry", + "arms industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that manufacturers weapons of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil industry", + "refining industry", + "oil business" + ], + "it": [ + "industria petrolifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that produces and delivers oil and oil products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that sells oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packaging company", + "packaging concern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that packages goods for sale or shipment or storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipeline company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that operates oil pipelines for the oil industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printing concern", + "printing business", + "printing company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that does commercial printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastics industry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that manufactures plastic articles" + ], + "it": [ + "industria delle materie plastiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brokerage", + "brokerage firm", + "securities firm" + ], + "it": [ + "brokeraggio", + "mediazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock broker's business; charges a fee to act as intermediary between buyer and seller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unethical or overly aggressive brokerage firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commodity brokerage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brokerage firm dealing in commodities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marriage brokerage", + "marriage mart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that arranges marriage contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurance company", + "insurance firm", + "insurer", + "insurance underwriter", + "underwriter" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurazione", + "compagnia assicuratrice", + "compagnia di assicurazione", + "società assicuratrice", + "società di assicurazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that sells insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that collects regular contributions from employers to provide retirement income for employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment company", + "investment trust", + "investment firm", + "fund" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziaria", + "fondo chiuso", + "fondo comune d'investimento chiuso", + "fondo comune di investimento", + "società di investimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companies" + ], + "it": [ + "società che si dedica alla compravendita e al collocamento di titoli pubblici e privati o che detiene il controllo di altre società, attraverso il possesso di una rilevante quota del pacchetto azionario di ciascuna e delle quali coordina le attività" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge fund", + "hedgefund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flexible investment company for a small number of large investors (usually the minimum investment is $1 million); can use high-risk techniques (not allowed for mutual funds) such as short-selling and heavy leveraging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual fund", + "mutual fund company", + "open-end fund", + "open-end investment company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulated investment company with a pool of assets that regularly sells and redeems its shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mutual fund that invests in the stocks that are the basis of a well-known stock or bond index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed-end fund", + "closed-end investment company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulated investment company that issues a fixed number of shares which are listed on a stock market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face-amount certificate company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulated investment company that pays a stated amount to certificate holders on a stated maturity date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Real Estate Investment Trust", + "REIT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investment trust that owns and manages a pool of commercial properties and mortgages and other real estate assets; shares can be bought and sold in the stock market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit investment trust", + "unit trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regulated investment company consisting of professional managers who issue redeemable securities representing a portfolio of many different securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market", + "securities industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the securities markets in the aggregate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato al ribasso", + "mercato dell'orso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market characterized by falling prices for securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato al rialzo", + "mercato dei toro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market characterized by rising prices for securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "the City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to allude to the securities industry of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wall Street", + "the Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used to allude to the securities industry of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato monetario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a market for short-term debt instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that provides services rather than tangible objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management consulting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a service industry that provides advice to those in charge of running a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipbuilder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that builds and repairs ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipbuilding industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that builds ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that manufactures and sells shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that produces signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signs collectively (especially commercial signs or posters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the industry that makes steel and steel products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunrise industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new industry that is expanding rapidly (especially telecommunications or electronics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacco industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that manufactures and sells products containing tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy industry", + "toy business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that manufactures and sells toys for children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trucking industry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industry that provides transportation for commercial products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agriculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of people engaged in growing food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brotherhood", + "fraternity", + "sodality" + ], + "it": [ + "confraternita", + "fratellanza", + "fraternità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people engaged in a particular occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sisterhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious society of women who live together as sisters (especially an order of nuns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establishment" + ], + "it": [ + "istituzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporate investor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that invests in (acquires control of) other companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target company", + "takeover target" + ], + "it": [ + "società mirata", + "società vittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that has been chosen as attractive for takeover by a potential acquirer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporate investor who intends to take over a company by buying a controlling interest in its stock and installing new management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a potential takeover target that has not yet been put in play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underperformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that is less successful than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white knight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that is a friendly acquirer in a takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white squire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white knight that buys less than a majority interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auction house" + ], + "it": [ + "casa d'aste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firm that conducts auctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A-team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of elite soldiers or a leadership group of advisors or workers in an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit composed of the pitcher and catcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrative unit", + "administrative body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit with administrative responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of firefighters including their equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coronary care unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital unit specially staffed and equipped to treat patients with serious cardiac problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family", + "household", + "house", + "home", + "menage" + ], + "it": [ + "casa", + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social unit living together" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia di appartenenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menage a trois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "household for three; an arrangement where a married couple and a lover of one of them live together while sharing sexual relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying squad" + ], + "it": [ + "mobile", + "squadra mobile", + "squadra volante", + "volante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mobile group of trained people (police or executives or officials) able to move quickly in the case of emergencies" + ], + "it": [ + "reparto di polizia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major-league team", + "major-league club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays in a major league" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor-league team", + "minor-league club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays in a minor league" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm team", + "farm club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor-league team that is owned by a major-league team (especially in baseball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball club", + "ball club", + "club", + "nine" + ], + "it": [ + "società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball team", + "five" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra di pallacanestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football team", + "eleven" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra", + "team", + "undici", + "équipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior varsity", + "JV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college or university team that competes at a level below the varsity team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varsity", + "first team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team representing a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squad of players that are available either individually or as a team to relieve or replace the players who started the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police squad", + "squad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small squad of policemen trained to deal with a particular kind of crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powerhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team considered to be the best of its class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offense", + "offence" + ], + "it": [ + "attacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the team that has the ball (or puck) and is trying to score" + ], + "it": [ + "negli sport a squadre, l'insieme dei giocatori cui è affidato il compito di condurre azioni volte a segnare dei punti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense", + "defence", + "defending team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the team that is trying to prevent the other team from scoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religion", + "faith", + "organized religion" + ], + "it": [ + "culto", + "religione", + "fede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution to express belief in a divine power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christendom", + "Christianity" + ], + "it": [ + "cristianesimo", + "cristianità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collective body of Christians throughout the world and history (found predominantly in Europe and the Americas and Australia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church", + "Christian church" + ], + "it": [ + "chiesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian Church", + "Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent Christian church established in Armenia since 300; was influenced by both Roman and Byzantine traditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catholic Church" + ], + "it": [ + "Chiesa Cattolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several churches claiming to have maintained historical continuity with the original Christian Church" + ], + "it": [ + "una delle confessioni del Cristianesimo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Catholic", + "Western Church", + "Roman Catholic Church", + "Church of Rome", + "Roman Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albigenses", + "Cathars", + "Cathari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian religious sect in southern France in the 12th and 13th centuries; believers in Albigensianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestorian Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian Church in the Middle East that followed Nestorianism; there is still a small Nestorian Church in Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the central administration governing the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacred College", + "College of Cardinals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the body of cardinals who advise the Pope and elect new Popes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Catholic Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Catholic churches that broke away from the Roman Catholic Church in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern Church", + "Byzantine Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Catholic Church as it existed in the Byzantine Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthodox Church", + "Orthodox Catholic Church", + "Eastern Orthodox Church", + "Eastern Church", + "Eastern Orthodox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derived from the Byzantine Church and adhering to Byzantine rites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek Orthodox Church", + "Greek Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state church of Greece; an autonomous part of the Eastern Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian Orthodox Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent church with its own Patriarch; until 1917 it was the established church or Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uniat Church", + "Uniate Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several churches in eastern Europe or the Middle East that acknowledge papal authority but retain their own liturgy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coptic Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Christian church of Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentecostal religion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any fundamentalist Protestant Church that uses revivalistic methods to achieve experiences comparable to the Pentecostal experiences of the first Christian disciples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protestant Church", + "Protestant" + ], + "it": [ + "protestante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Protestant churches and denominations collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian Church", + "Disciples of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant church that accepts the Bible as the only source of true Christian faith and practices baptism by immersion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglican Church", + "Anglican Communion", + "Church of England" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the national church of England (and all other churches in other countries that share its beliefs); has its see in Canterbury and the sovereign as its temporal head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Episcopal Church", + "Protestant Episcopal Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States church that is in communication with the see of Canterbury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Church of Ireland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "autonomous branch of the Church of England in Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Episcopal Church", + "Episcopal Church of Scotland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous branch of the Anglican Communion in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "High Church", + "High Anglican Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group in the Anglican Church that emphasizes the Catholic tradition (especially in sacraments and rituals and obedience to church authority)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints", + "Mormon Church", + "Mormons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "church founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 with headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baptist Church", + "Baptists" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various evangelical Protestant churches that believe in the baptism of voluntary believers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baptist denomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of Baptist congregations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Baptist Convention", + "Northern Baptist Convention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of Northern Baptists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern Baptist Convention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of Southern Baptists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminian Baptist", + "General Baptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of Baptist congregations believing the teachings of the Dutch theologian Jacobus Arminius (who opposed the doctrine of strict predestination of the Calvinists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvinistic Baptist", + "Particular Baptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of Baptist congregations believing the teachings of the French theologian John Calvin who believed in strict predetermination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Church of the Brethren", + "Dunkers", + "Dippers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Baptist denomination founded in 1708 by Americans of German descent; opposed to military service and taking legal oaths; practiced trine immersion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian Science", + "Church of Christ Scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Protestant denomination founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1866" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congregational Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant denomination holding that each individual congregation should be self-governing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congregational Christian Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merger of the Congregational Church and the Christian Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evangelical and Reformed Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant denomination of Calvinist faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Church of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "merger of the Congregational Christian Church and the Evangelical and Reformed Church in 1957" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jehovah's Witnesses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Protestant denomination founded in the United States by Charles Taze Russell in 1884" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutheran Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Protestant denomination adhering to the views of Martin Luther" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presbyterian Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Protestant denomination adhering to the views of John Calvin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unitarian Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Protestant denomination that rejects the doctrine of the Trinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminian Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Protestant denomination adhering to the views of Jacobus Arminius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Methodist Church", + "Methodists" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant denomination founded on the principles of John Wesley and Charles Wesley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Methodist denomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of Methodist congregations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wesleyan Methodist Church", + "Wesleyan Methodists" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the original Methodist Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evangelical United Brethren Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Methodist denomination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Methodist Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "union of the Wesleyan Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabaptist denomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant sect denying infant baptism and baptising only believers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mennonite Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formed from the Anabaptist movement in the 16th century; noted for its simplicity of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unification Church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian church (with some Buddhist elements) founded in 1954 by Sun Myung Moon and known for staging mass weddings and other communal activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abecedarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 16th century sect of Anabaptists centered in Germany who had an absolute disdain for human knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amish sect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orthodox Anabaptist sect separated from the Mennonites in late 17th century; settled chiefly in southeastern Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judaism", + "Hebraism", + "Jewish religion" + ], + "it": [ + "ebraismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jews collectively who practice a religion based on the Torah and the Talmud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanhedrin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme judicial and ecclesiastical council of ancient Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karaites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jewish sect that recognizes only the Hebrew Scriptures as the source of divinely inspired legislation and denies the authority of the postbiblical tradition of the Talmud; the sect arose in Iraq in the eighth century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthodox Judaism", + "Jewish Orthodoxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jews who strictly observe the Mosaic law as interpreted in the Talmud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hasidim", + "Hassidim", + "Hasidism", + "Chasidim", + "Chassidim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sect of Orthodox Jews that arose out of a pietistic movement originating in eastern Europe in the second half of the 18th century; a sect that follows the Mosaic law strictly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conservative Judaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jews who keep some of the requirements of the Mosaic law but allow for adaptation of other requirements (as some of the dietary laws) to fit modern circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reform Judaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most liberal Jews; Jews who do not follow the Talmud strictly but try to adapt all of the historical forms of Judaism to the modern world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islam", + "Muslimism" + ], + "it": [ + "islam", + "islamismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civilization of Muslims collectively which is governed by the Muslim religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamentalist Islamic revivalist movement generally characterized by moral conservatism and the literal interpretation of the Koran and the attempt to implement Islamic values in all aspects of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shiah", + "Shia", + "Shiah Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam; mainly in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunni", + "Sunni Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinduism", + "Hindooism" + ], + "it": [ + "induismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religion of most people in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahmanism", + "Brahminism" + ], + "it": [ + "brahmanesimo", + "brahmanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious and social system of orthodox Hinduism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shivaism", + "Sivaism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu sect worshiping Shiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaktism", + "Saktism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu sect worshiping Shakti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaishnavism", + "Vaisnavism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu sect worshiping of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haredi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several sects of Orthodox Judaism that reject modern secular culture and many of whom do not recognize the spiritual authority of the modern state of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hare Krishna", + "International Society for Krishna Consciousness", + "ISKCON" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious sect founded in the United States in 1966; based on Vedic scriptures; groups engage in joyful chanting of `Hare Krishna' and other mantras based on the name of the Hindu god Krishna; devotees usually wear saffron robes and practice vegetarianism and celibacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jainism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sect founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religion adhering to the teaching of Lao-tzu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Chinese sect claiming to follow the teaching of Lao-tzu but incorporating pantheism and sorcery in addition to Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buddhism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zen", + "Zen Buddhism" + ], + "it": [ + "zen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "school of Mahayana Buddhism asserting that enlightenment can come through meditation and intuition rather than faith; China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahayana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major school of Buddhism teaching social concern and universal salvation; China; Japan; Tibet; Nepal; Korea; Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinayana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major school of Buddhism teaching personal salvation through one's own efforts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tantrism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement within Buddhism combining elements of Hinduism and paganism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khalsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group of initiated Sikhs to which devout orthodox Sikhs are ritually admitted at puberty; founded by the tenth and last Guru in 1699" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scientology", + "Church of Scientology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new religion founded by L. Ron Hubbard in 1955 and characterized by a belief in the power of a person's spirit to clear itself of past painful experiences through self-knowledge and spiritual fulfillment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the native religion and former ethnic cult of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kokka Shinto", + "Kokka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of Shinto recognized as the official state religion of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shuha Shinto", + "Shua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any branch of Shinto other than Kokka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "established church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the church that is recognized as the official church of a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicariate", + "vicarship" + ], + "it": [ + "vicaria", + "vicariato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the religious institution under the authority of a vicar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breed", + "strain", + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "razza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special variety of domesticated animals within a species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred horses (collectively)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedigree" + ], + "it": [ + "genealogia", + "pedigree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line of descent of a purebred animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineage", + "line", + "line of descent", + "descent", + "bloodline", + "blood line", + "blood", + "pedigree", + "ancestry", + "origin", + "parentage", + "stemma", + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "ascendenza", + "casato", + "ceppo", + "discendenza", + "famiglia", + "gesta", + "lignaggio", + "origine", + "paraggio", + "progenie", + "prosapia", + "ramo", + "razza", + "schiatta", + "stirpe", + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the descendants of one individual" + ], + "it": [ + "la discendenza di un individuo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family line of descent" + ], + "it": [ + "ramo di una famiglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genealogy", + "family tree" + ], + "it": [ + "genealogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "successive generations of kin" + ], + "it": [ + "generazioni successive di parenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants; contains classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subphylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group ranking between a phylum and a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superphylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group ranking between a phylum and below a class or subclass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phylum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(linguistics) a large group of languages that are historically related" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class" + ], + "it": [ + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders" + ], + "it": [ + "nella classificazione animale e vegetale, raggruppamento di più ordini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subclass" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoclasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic category below a class and above an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superclass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic class below a phylum and above a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) taxonomic group containing one or more families" + ], + "it": [ + "in botanica e zoologia, categoria di classificazione che sta tra la classe e la famiglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborder" + ], + "it": [ + "sottordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) taxonomic group that is a subdivision of an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group ranking above an order and below a class or subclass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more genera" + ], + "it": [ + "in biologia, categoria sistematica costituita dal raggruppamento di generi affini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superfamily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group ranking below an order but above a family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) an artificial taxonomic category for organisms of which the true relationships are obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subfamily" + ], + "it": [ + "sottofamiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic category below a family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic category between a genus and a subfamily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus" + ], + "it": [ + "genere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) taxonomic group containing one or more species" + ], + "it": [ + "in botanica e in zoologia, unità di classificazione superiore alla specie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subgenus" + ], + "it": [ + "sottogenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) taxonomic group between a genus and a species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group with a single member (a single species or genus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) genus from which the name of a family or subfamily is formed; it is not necessarily the most representative genus but often the largest or best known or earliest described" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) an artificial taxonomic category for organisms of which the true relationships are obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "species" + ], + "it": [ + "specie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subspecies", + "race" + ], + "it": [ + "sottospecie", + "razza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endangered species" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish species" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a species of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "variant", + "strain", + "var." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type species" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the species that best exemplifies the essential characteristics of the genus to which it belongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civilization", + "civilisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profession" + ], + "it": [ + "classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of people in a learned occupation" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di persone che esercitano la stessa professione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal profession", + "bar", + "legal community" + ], + "it": [ + "avvocatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of individuals qualified to practice law in a particular jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health profession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of individuals whose work helps to maintain the health of their clients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical profession", + "medical community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of individuals who are qualified to practice medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the profession of a nurse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "businessmen", + "business community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of individuals who manage businesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community of scholars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of individuals holding advanced academic degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economics profession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of professional economists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priesthood" + ], + "it": [ + "chiericato", + "clericato", + "clero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of ordained religious practitioners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pastors collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prelacy", + "prelature" + ], + "it": [ + "prelatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prelates collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ministry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rabbis collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ministry" + ], + "it": [ + "ministero", + "dicastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government department under the direction of a minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foreign Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government department in charge of foreign relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Home Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government department in charge of domestic affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Foreign Office", + "Quai d'Orsay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French department in charge of foreign affairs; referred to familiarly by its address in Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Free French", + "Fighting French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French movement during World War II that was organized in London by Charles de Gaulle to fight for the liberation of France from German control and for the restoration of the republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department", + "section" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartimento", + "reparto", + "sezione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized division of a large organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of a school that is responsible for a given subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropology department", + "department of anthropology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in anthropology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching art and art appreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biology department", + "department of biology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in biology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemistry department", + "department of chemistry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department of computer science" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in computer science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economics department", + "department of economics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in economics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English department", + "department of English" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching English and American literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "history department", + "department of history" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguistics department", + "department of linguistics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematics department", + "department of mathematics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophy department", + "department of philosophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physics department", + "department of physics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in physics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music department", + "department of music" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching music and music appreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychology department", + "department of psychology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in psychology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociology department", + "department of sociology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic department responsible for teaching and research in sociology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of a business firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertising department", + "advertising division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business that is responsible for advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editorial department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department of a publishing business that edits material for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city desk", + "city room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the editorial department of a newspaper that edits the local news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports desk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the editorial department of a newspaper that edits the sports news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parts department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business (e.g. a service garage) that sells replacement parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personnel department", + "personnel office", + "personnel", + "staff office" + ], + "it": [ + "ufficio del personale", + "ufficio personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department responsible for hiring and training and placing employees and for setting policies for personnel management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant department", + "building department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business responsible for building and maintaining the physical plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchasing department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business that is responsible for purchases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales department", + "sales division", + "sales force" + ], + "it": [ + "forza di vendita", + "reparto vendite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business that is responsible for selling products or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the division of a business that provides customer services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government department" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartimento ministeriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payroll", + "payroll department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department that determines the amounts of wage or salary due to each employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasury" + ], + "it": [ + "Ministero del Tesoro", + "Tesoro", + "tesoreria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government department responsible for collecting and managing and spending public revenues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local department", + "department of local government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent department created to perform the work of a local government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrections", + "department of corrections" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department of local government that is responsible for managing the treatment of convicted offenders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security", + "security department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire department" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo dei pompieri", + "corpo dei vigili del fuoco", + "vigili del fuoco", + "corpo dei pompieri del fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department of local government responsible for preventing and extinguishing fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire brigade" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo dei vigili del fuoco", + "vigili del fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British name for a fire department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire brigade", + "fire company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private or temporary organization of individuals equipped to fight fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police department" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartimento di polizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department of local government concerned with enforcing the law and preventing crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitation department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department of local government responsible for collecting and disposing of garbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Special Branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government police department dealing with political security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "State Department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department of government in one of the 50 states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal department", + "federal office", + "department of the federal government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department of the federal government of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atomic Energy Commission", + "AEC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former executive agency (from 1946 to 1974) that was responsible for research into atomic energy and its peacetime uses in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuclear Regulatory Commission", + "NRC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency created in 1974 to license and regulate nuclear power plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manhattan Project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former United States executive agency that was responsible for developing atomic bombs during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Environmental Protection Agency", + "EPA" + ], + "it": [ + "A.N.P.A.", + "associazione nazionale per la protezione dell' ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal department in the executive branch of the government of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the executive branch of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Emergency Management Agency", + "FEMA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States government that provides a single point of accountability for all federal emergency preparedness and mitigation and response activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Food and Drug Administration", + "FDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services established to regulate the release of new foods and health-related products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Council of Economic Advisors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executive agency responsible for providing economic advice to the President" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Center for Disease Control and Prevention", + "CDC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services; located in Atlanta; investigates and diagnoses and tries to control or prevent diseases (especially new and unusual diseases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Intelligence Agency", + "CIA" + ], + "it": [ + "CIA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States government responsible for collecting and coordinating intelligence and counterintelligence activities abroad in the national interest; headed by the Director of Central Intelligence under the supervision of the President and National Security Council" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Counterterrorist Center", + "CTC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that helps the Director of Central Intelligence coordinate counterterrorist efforts in order to preempt and disrupt and defeat terrorist activities at the earliest possible stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nonproliferation Center", + "NPC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that serves as the focal point for all Intelligence Community activities related to nonproliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their missile delivery systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Interstate Commerce Commission", + "ICC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former independent federal agency that supervised and set rates for carriers that transported goods and people between states; was terminated in 1995" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", + "NASA" + ], + "it": [ + "Ente nazionale aeronatuco e spaziale", + "N.A.S.A." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States government responsible for aviation and spaceflight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Archives and Records Administration", + "NARA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the independent agency that oversees management of federal government records including presidential libraries and historic collections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Labor Relations Board", + "NLRB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States government charged with mediating disputes between management and labor unions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Science Foundation", + "NSF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the federal government responsible for the promotion of progress in science and engineering by supporting programs in research and education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Postal Rate Commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency that recommends changes in postal rates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Postal Service", + "US Postal Service", + "USPS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency that provides mail processing and delivery service for individuals and businesses in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Postal Inspection Service", + "US Postal Inspection Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the primary law enforcement arm of the United States Postal Service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Security Council", + "NSC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee in the executive branch of government that advises the president on foreign and military and national security; supervises the Central Intelligence Agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Council on Environmental Policy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive agency that advises the President on protecting the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joint Chiefs of Staff", + "Joint Chiefs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive agency that advises the President on military questions; composed of the chiefs of the United States Army and the United States Navy and the United States Air Force and the commandant of the United States Marine Corps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Office of Management and Budget", + "OMB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive agency that advises the President on the federal budget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Trade Representative", + "US Trade Representative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive agency that administers the President's policies on international trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White House", + "EXEC" + ], + "it": [ + "Casa Bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief executive department of the United States government" + ], + "it": [ + "il potere esecutivo degli U.S.A." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Agriculture", + "Agriculture Department", + "Agriculture", + "USDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department that administers programs that provide services to farmers (including research and soil conservation and efforts to stabilize the farming economy); created in 1862" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Commerce", + "Commerce Department", + "Commerce", + "DoC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department that promotes and administers domestic and foreign trade (including management of the census and the patent office); created in 1913" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of the Census", + "Census Bureau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bureau of the Commerce Department responsible for taking the census; provides demographic information and analyses about the population of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", + "NOAA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Commerce that maps the oceans and conserves their living resources; predicts changes to the earth's environment; provides weather reports and forecasts floods and hurricanes and other natural disasters related to weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Climatic Data Center", + "NCDC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of NOAA that maintains the world's largest active archive of weather data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Weather Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal agency in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that is responsible for weather forecast and preparation of weather maps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Technology Administration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Commerce that works with United States industries to promote competitiveness and maximize the impact of technology on economic growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Institute of Standards and Technology", + "NIST" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Technology Administration that makes measurements and sets standards as needed by industry or government programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Technical Information Service", + "NTIS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Technology Administration that is a primary resource for government-funded scientific and technical and engineering and business related information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Defense", + "Defense Department", + "United States Department of Defense", + "Defense", + "DoD" + ], + "it": [ + "Ministero Della Difesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department responsible for safeguarding national security of the United States; created in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency", + "DARPA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central research and development organization for the United States Department of Defense; responsible for developing new surveillance technologies since 9/11" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Defense Laboratory System", + "LABLINK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defense laboratory that provides essential services in fundamental science for national security and environmental protection and provides technologies that contribute to industrial competitiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Education", + "Education Department", + "Education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Energy", + "Energy Department", + "Energy", + "DOE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States; created in 1977" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Energy Intelligence", + "DOEI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that collects political and economic and technical information about energy matters and makes the Department of Energy's technical and analytical expertise available to other members of the Intelligence Community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Health and Human Services", + "Health and Human Services", + "HHS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with health and welfare; created in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Public Health Service", + "PHS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that serves as the office of Surgeon General; includes agencies whose mission is to improve the public health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Institutes of Health", + "NIH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Health and Human Services whose mission is to employ science in the pursuit of knowledge to improve human health; is the principal biomedical research agency of the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Communications Commission", + "FCC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent government agency that regulates interstate and international communications by radio and television and wire and cable and satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Social Security Administration", + "SSA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent government agency responsible for the Social Security system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Homeland Security", + "Homeland Security" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department that administers all matters relating to homeland security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Housing and Urban Development", + "Housing and Urban Development", + "HUD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department that administers federal programs dealing with better housing and urban renewal; created in 1965" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Justice", + "Justice Department", + "Justice", + "DoJ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department responsible for enforcing federal laws (including the enforcement of all civil rights legislation); created in 1870" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Justice Assistance", + "BJA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bureau in the Department of Justice that assists local criminal justice systems to reduce or prevent crime and violence and drug abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Justice Statistics", + "BJS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency in the Department of Justice that is the primary source of criminal justice statistics for federal and local policy makers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Bureau of Investigation", + "FBI" + ], + "it": [ + "F.B.I.", + "Federal Bureau of Investigation", + "Ufficio federale investigativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal law enforcement agency that is the principal investigative arm of the Department of Justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Immigration and Naturalization Service", + "INS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Justice that enforces laws and regulations for the admission of foreign-born persons to the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Border Patrol", + "US Border Patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mobile law enforcement arm of the Immigration and Naturalization Service that detects and prevents illegal entry of aliens into the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Law Enforcement Training Center", + "FLETC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center in the Department of that trains law enforcement professionals for more than seventy federal agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Financial Crimes Enforcement Network", + "FinCEN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law enforcement agency of the Treasury Department responsible for establishing and implementing policies to detect money laundering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Labor", + "Labor Department", + "Labor", + "DoL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of State", + "United States Department of State", + "State Department", + "State", + "DoS" + ], + "it": [ + "Dipartimento Di Stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foggy Bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Department of State, which is housed in a building in a low-lying area of Washington near the Potomac River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Diplomatic Security", + "DS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bureau in the State Department that is responsible for the security of diplomats and embassies overseas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foreign Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the State Department that supplies diplomats for the United States embassies and consulates around the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Intelligence and Research", + "INR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that is the primary source in the State Department for interpretive analyses of global developments and focal point for policy issues and activities of the Intelligence Community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of the Interior", + "Interior Department", + "Interior", + "DoI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department charged with conservation and the development of natural resources; created in 1849" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Fish and Wildlife Service", + "US Fish and Wildlife Service", + "FWS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of the Interior that conserves and protects fish and wildlife and their habitats; assesses the environmental impact of pesticides and nuclear power site and hydroelectric dams and thermal pollution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Park Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Interior Department responsible for the national parks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of the Treasury", + "Treasury Department", + "Treasury", + "United States Treasury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal department that collects revenue and administers federal finances; the Treasury Department was created in 1789" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms", + "ATF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the law enforcement and tax collection agency of the Treasury Department that enforces federal laws concerning alcohol and tobacco products and firearms and explosives and arson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Financial Management Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal agency in the Treasury Department that manages the government's disbursement and collection systems and provides central accounting and financial reporting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Office of Intelligence Support", + "OIS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agency that oversees the intelligence relationships of the Treasury's offices and bureaus and provides a link between the Intelligence Community and officials responsible for international economic policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Criminal Investigation Command", + "CID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States Army's principal law enforcement agency responsible for the conduct of criminal investigations for all levels of the Army anywhere in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drug Enforcement Administration", + "Drug Enforcement Agency", + "DEA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "federal agency responsible for enforcing laws and regulations governing narcotics and controlled substances; goal is to immobilize drug trafficking organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Bureau of Prisons", + "BoP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the law enforcement agency of the Justice Department that operates a nationwide system of prisons and detention facilities to incarcerate inmates sentenced to imprisonment for federal crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Judiciary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the judiciary of the United States which is responsible for interpreting and enforcing federal laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Institute of Justice", + "NIJ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the law enforcement agency that is the research and development branch of the Department of Justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Marshals Service", + "US Marshals Service", + "Marshals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States' oldest federal law enforcement agency is responsible today for protecting the Federal Judiciary and transporting federal prisoners and protecting federal witnesses and managing assets seized from criminals and generally ensuring the effective operation of the federal judicial system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comptroller of the Currency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency of the Treasury Department responsible for controlling the currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Customs", + "Customs Bureau", + "Customs Service", + "USCB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency of the Treasury Department that enforces import tariffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bureau of Engraving and Printing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency of the Treasury Department that produces currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Internal Revenue Service", + "IRS" + ], + "it": [ + "fisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bureau of the Treasury Department responsible for tax collections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inland Revenue", + "IR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board of the British government that administers and collects major direct taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Transportation", + "Transportation", + "DoT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department that institutes and coordinates national transportation programs; created in 1966" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Aviation Agency", + "FAA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Transportation that is responsible for the safety of civilian aviation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Veterans Affairs", + "VA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States federal department responsible for the interests of military veterans; created in 1989" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transportation Security Administration", + "TSA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency established in 2001 to safeguard United States transportation systems and insure safe air travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Commerce and Labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former executive department of the United States government; created in 1903 and split into two departments in 1913" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Health Education and Welfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former executive department of the United States government; created in 1953 and divided in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navy Department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former executive department of the United States government; created in 1798 and combined with the War Department in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "War Department" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former executive department of the United States government; created in 1789 and combined with the Navy Department in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Post Office", + "US Post Office", + "Post Office", + "PO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the federal government responsible for mail delivery (and sometimes telecommunications) between individuals and businesses in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post office", + "local post office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local branch where postal services are available\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general delivery", + "poste restante" + ], + "it": [ + "fermo posta", + "fermoposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a post office that handles mail for persons who call for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generally accepted accounting principles", + "GAAP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of rules and procedures and conventions that define accepted accounting practice; includes broad guidelines as well as detailed procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrumentality" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary organ of government created for a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonatal intensive care unit", + "NICU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intensive care unit designed with special equipment to care for premature or seriously ill newborn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensive care unit", + "ICU" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hospital unit staffed and equipped to provide intensive care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denomination" + ], + "it": [ + "denominazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of religious congregations having its own organization and a distinctive faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) a group of Christians with a common religious faith who practice the same rites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protestant denomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of Protestant congregations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brethren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) the lay members of a male religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "monastic order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of person living under a religious rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustinian order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several monastic orders observing a rule derived from the writings of St. Augustine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustinian Canons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Augustinian monastic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustinian Hermits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monastic order of friars established in 1256 by the Pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austin Friars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Augustinian monastic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedictine order", + "order of Saint Benedict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic monastic order founded in the 6th century; noted for liturgical worship and for scholarly activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carmelite order", + "Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic mendicant order founded in the 12th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carthusian order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an austere contemplative Roman Catholic order founded by St. Bruno in 1084" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic order of mendicant preachers founded in the 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franciscan order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic order founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in the 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Society of Jesus", + "Jesuit order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic order founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola in 1534 to defend Catholicism against the Reformation and to do missionary work among the heathen; it is strongly committed to education and scholarship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sect", + "religious sect", + "religious order" + ], + "it": [ + "setta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subdivision of a larger religious group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Religious Society of Friends", + "Society of Friends", + "Quakers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian sect founded by George Fox about 1660; commonly called Quakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shakers", + "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celibate and communistic Christian sect in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assemblies of God" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charismatic Protestant denomination in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waldenses", + "Vaudois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian sect of dissenters that originated in southern France in the late 12th century adopted Calvinist doctrines in the 16th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zurvanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Zoroastrian sect that claims Zurvan was the ultimate source of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "followers of an unorthodox, extremist, or false religion or sect who often live outside of conventional society under the direction of a charismatic leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cult" + ], + "it": [ + "culto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "followers of an exclusive system of religious beliefs and practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cargo cult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Melanesia) the followers of one of several millenarian cults that believe salvation will come in the form of wealth (`cargo') brought by westerners; some ascribe divine attributes to westerners on first contact (especially to missionaries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Brazil) followers of a religious cult of African origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obeah", + "obi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(West Indies) followers of a religious system involving witchcraft and sorcery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rastafarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Ethiopia) adherents of an African religion that regards Ras Tafari as divine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Haiti) followers of a religion that involves witchcraft and animistic deities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sainthood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saints collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clergy" + ], + "it": [ + "clero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Christianity, clergymen collectively (as distinguished from the laity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinalate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cardinals collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i79999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laity", + "temporalty" + ], + "it": [ + "laicato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Christianity, members of a religious community that do not have the priestly responsibilities of ordained clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the gods of a religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "royalty", + "royal family", + "royal line", + "royal house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "royal persons collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ordnance Survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official cartography agency of the British government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bourbon", + "Bourbon dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European royal line that ruled in France (from 1589-1793) and Spain and Naples and Sicily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capetian dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Frankish dynasty founded by Hugh Capet that ruled from 987 to 1328" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolingian dynasty", + "Carlovingian dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Frankish dynasty founded by Charlemagne's father that ruled from 751 to 987" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flavian dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dynasty of Roman Emperors from 69 to 96 including Vespasian and his sons Titus and Domitian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Han", + "Han dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time from 206 BC to AD 220) and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy; remembered as one of the great eras of Chinese civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanover", + "House of Hanover", + "Hanoverian line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English royal house that reigned from 1714 to 1901 (from George I to Victoria)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Habsburg", + "Hapsburg" + ], + "it": [ + "Asburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a royal German family that provided rulers for several European states and wore the crown of the Holy Roman Empire from 1440 to 1806" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hohenzollern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German noble family that ruled Brandenburg and Prussia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancaster", + "House of Lancaster", + "Lancastrian line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English royal house that reigned from 1399 to 1461; its emblem was a red rose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liao", + "Liao dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dynasty that ruled much of Manchuria and northeastern China from 947 to 1125" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merovingian", + "Merovingian dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Frankish dynasty founded by Clovis I that reigned in Gaul and Germany from about 500 to 750" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ming", + "Ming dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottoman", + "Ottoman dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Turkish dynasty that ruled the Ottoman Empire from the 13th century to its dissolution after World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantagenet", + "Plantagenet line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family name of a line of English kings that reigned from 1154 to 1485" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptolemy", + "Ptolemaic dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient dynasty of Macedonian kings who ruled Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC; founded by Ptolemy I and ended with Cleopatra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qin", + "Qin dynasty", + "Ch'in", + "Ch'in dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qing", + "Qing dynasty", + "Ch'ing", + "Ch'ing dynasty", + "Manchu", + "Manchu dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty China was ruled by the Manchu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanov", + "Romanoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Russian imperial line that ruled from 1613 to 1917" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxe-Coburg-Gotha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name of the royal family that ruled Great Britain from 1901-1917; the name was changed to Windsor in 1917 in response to anti-German feelings in World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seljuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the Turkish dynasties that ruled Asia Minor from the 11th to the 13th centuries; they successfully invaded Byzantium and defended the Holy Land against Crusaders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shang", + "Shang dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty ruling China from about the 18th to the 12th centuries BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stuart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the royal family that ruled Scotland from 1371-1714 and ruled England from 1603 to 1649 and again from 1660 to 1714" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sung", + "Sung dynasty", + "Song", + "Song dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tang", + "Tang dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty of China from 618 to 907" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tudor", + "House of Tudor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umayyad", + "Ommiad", + "Omayyad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first dynasty of Arab caliphs whose capital was Damascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French royal house from 1328 to 1589" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wei", + "Wei dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several imperial dynasties of China ruling from 220 to 265 and from 386 to 556" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor", + "House of Windsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British royal family since 1917" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "York", + "House of York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yuan", + "Yuan dynasty", + "Mongol dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty of China from 1279 to 1368" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citizenry", + "people" + ], + "it": [ + "popolo", + "popolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of citizens of a state or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achaean", + "Arcado-Cyprians" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Greek inhabitants of Achaea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeolian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Greek inhabitants of Aeolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Greek inhabitants of Doris who entered Greece from the north about 1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Greek inhabitants of Attica and related regions in Ionia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electorate" + ], + "it": [ + "elettorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of enfranchised citizens; those qualified to vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of people who are citizens of a particular government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senate" + ], + "it": [ + "senato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assembly possessing high legislative powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Senate", + "U.S. Senate", + "US Senate", + "Senate" + ], + "it": [ + "Senato degli Stati Uniti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper house of the United States Congress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congress", + "United States Congress", + "U.S. Congress", + "US Congress" + ], + "it": [ + "Congresso degli Stati Uniti", + "Congresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legislature of the United States government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States House of Representatives", + "U.S. House of Representatives", + "US House of Representatives", + "House of Representatives", + "U.S. House", + "US House" + ], + "it": [ + "Camera dei Rappresentanti degli Stati Uniti", + "Camera dei Rappresentanti degli Stati Uniti d'America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower legislative house of the United States Congress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Government Accounting Office", + "GAO", + "United States Government Accounting Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent nonpartisan federal agency that acts as the investigative arm of Congress making the executive branch accountable to Congress and the government accountable to citizens of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "House of Burgesses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower house of legislature in colonial Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "House of Commons", + "British House of Commons" + ], + "it": [ + "Camera dei Comuni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower house of the British parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "House of Lords", + "British House of Lords" + ], + "it": [ + "Camera dei Lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper house of the British parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "camera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official assembly having legislative powers" + ], + "it": [ + "assemblea che costituisce l'organo del potere legislativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislature", + "legislative assembly", + "legislative body", + "general assembly", + "law-makers" + ], + "it": [ + "organo legislativo", + "legislatura", + "assemblea legislativa", + "corpo legislativo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persons who make or amend or repeal laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislative council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unicameral legislature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assembly" + ], + "it": [ + "assemblea", + "assise", + "consesso", + "radunata", + "riunione", + "rodimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of persons who are gathered together for a common purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di persone riunite per discutere questioni ddi comune interesse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Areopagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest governmental assembly in ancient Athens (later a judicial court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "States General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assembly of the estates of an entire country especially the sovereign body of the Dutch republic from 16th to 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Estates General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assembly of the estates of all France; last meeting in 1789" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administration", + "governance", + "governing body", + "establishment", + "brass", + "organization", + "organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione", + "organizzazione", + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso dei funzionari che svolgono lavoro amministrativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important persons in a governing body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive" + ], + "it": [ + "esecutivo", + "governo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persons who administer the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bush administration" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione Bush", + "governo Bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive under President George W. Bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinton administration" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione Clinton", + "governo Clinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive under President Clinton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bush administration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive under President George H. W. Bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reagan administration" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione Reagan", + "governo Reagan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive under President Reagan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carter administration" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione Carter", + "governo Carter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive under President Carter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judiciary", + "bench" + ], + "it": [ + "magistratura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persons who administer justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judiciary", + "judicature", + "judicatory", + "judicial system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of law courts that administer justice and constitute the judicial branch of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nation", + "land", + "country" + ], + "it": [ + "nazione", + "paese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people who live in a nation or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonwealth country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the countries in the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developing country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country that is poor and whose citizens are mostly agricultural workers but that wants to become more advanced socially and economically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the self-governing nations in the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estate of the realm", + "estate", + "the three estates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major social class or order of persons regarded collectively as part of the body politic of the country (especially in the United Kingdom) and formerly possessing distinct political rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first estate", + "Lords Spiritual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clergy in France and the heads of the church in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second estate", + "Lords Temporal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nobility in France and the peerage in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third estate", + "Commons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fourth estate" + ], + "it": [ + "stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the press, including journalists, newspaper writers, photographers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any state of which one is not a citizen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribe", + "federation of tribes" + ], + "it": [ + "tribù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation (as of American Indians)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Free World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anti-communist countries collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Third World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underdeveloped and developing countries of Asia and Africa and Latin America collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state", + "nation", + "country", + "land", + "commonwealth", + "res publica", + "body politic" + ], + "it": [ + "paese", + "stato", + "nazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a politically organized body of people under a single government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the German state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political entity in Europe that began with the papal coronation of Otto I as the first emperor in 962 and lasted until 1806 when it was dissolved by Napoleon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hohenzollern empire", + "Second Reich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Reich when Hohenzollern monarchs ruled Germany (from 1871 to 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weimar Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the German republic founded at Weimar in 1919" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Third Reich", + "Nazi Germany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Nazi dictatorship under Hitler (1933-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rogue state", + "renegade state", + "rogue nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state that does not respect other states in its international actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suzerain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state exercising a degree of dominion over a dependent state especially in its foreign affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "member" + ], + "it": [ + "membro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations)" + ], + "it": [ + "che fa parte di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloc", + "axis" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza politica", + "blocco", + "coalizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of countries in special alliance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in World War I the alliance of Great Britain and France and Russia and all the other nations that became allied with them in opposing the Central Powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Powers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in World War I the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary and other nations allied with them in opposing the Allies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Axis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in World War II the alliance of Germany and Italy in 1936 which later included Japan and other nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entente", + "entente cordiale" + ], + "it": [ + "intesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal alliance between countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arab League" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization of independent Arab states formed in 1945 to promote cultural and economic and military and political and social cooperation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations of the European continent collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations of the Asian continent collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations of the North American continent collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations of Central America collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nations of the South American continent collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European Union", + "EU", + "European Community", + "EC", + "European Economic Community", + "EEC", + "Common Market", + "Europe" + ], + "it": [ + "CEE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe", + "SHAPE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme headquarters that advises NATO on military matters and oversees all aspects of the Allied Command Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Atlantic Treaty Organization", + "NATO" + ], + "it": [ + "N.A.T.O.", + "Organizzazione del Trattato Nordatlantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione internazionale costituita nel 1949 per garantire la sicurezza delle persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allied Command Atlantic", + "ACLANT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major strategic headquarters of NATO located in the United States; is under the authority of the North Atlantic Council" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic", + "SACLANT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commanding officer of ACLANT; a general of the United States Army nominated by the President of the United States and approved by the North Atlantic Council" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allied Command Europe", + "ACE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major strategic headquarters of NATO; safeguards an area extending from Norway to Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Supreme Allied Commander Europe", + "SACEUR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commanding officer of ACE; NATO's senior military commander in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons", + "OPCW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "international organization for chemical disarmament; administers the Chemical Weapons Convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Organization of American States", + "OAS" + ], + "it": [ + "OSA", + "Organizzazione degli Stati Americani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association including most countries in the western hemisphere; created in 1948 to promote military and economic and social and cultural cooperation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pan American Union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administrative agency of the Organization of American States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Organization of Petroleum-Exporting Countries", + "OPEC" + ], + "it": [ + "O.P.E.C.", + "Organizzazione dei paesi esportatori di petrolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nation that possesses formidable naval strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world power", + "major power", + "great power", + "power", + "superpower" + ], + "it": [ + "superpotenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state powerful enough to influence events throughout the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hegemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leading or paramount power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church-state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state ruled by religious authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city state", + "city-state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state consisting of a sovereign city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welfare state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government that undertakes responsibility for the welfare of its citizens through programs in public health and public housing and pensions and unemployment compensation etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppet government", + "puppet state", + "pupet regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government that is appointed by and whose affairs are directed by an outside authority that may impose hardships on those governed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state" + ], + "it": [ + "stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione politica e giuridica di una società civile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population" + ], + "it": [ + "popolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpopulation" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "eccedenza di popolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overspill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relocation of people from overcrowded cities; they are accommodated in new houses or apartments in smaller towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor people", + "poor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people without possessions or wealth (considered as a group)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rich people", + "rich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have possessions and wealth (considered as a group)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "populace", + "public", + "world" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo", + "pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people in general considered as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "population" + ], + "it": [ + "popolazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people who inhabit a territory or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civilian population (and their activities) of a country at war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multitude", + "masses", + "mass", + "hoi polloi", + "people", + "the great unwashed" + ], + "it": [ + "massa", + "moltitudine", + "popolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common people generally" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di persone considerato dal punto di vista del ruolo sociale, politico o economico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the segment of the public that is easily influenced by mass media (chiefly British)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor", + "labour", + "working class", + "proletariat" + ], + "it": [ + "classe lavoratrice", + "classe operaia", + "proletariato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor force", + "labor pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of trained people from which workers can be hired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumpenproletariat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Marxism) the unorganized lower levels of the proletariat who are not interested in revolutionary advancement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organized labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employees who are represented by a labor union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurel and Hardy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States slapstick comedy duo who made many films together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower class", + "underclass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social class lowest in the social hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle class", + "bourgeoisie" + ], + "it": [ + "borghesia", + "ceto medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the social class between the lower and upper classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booboisie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class consisting of all those who are considered boobs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonalty", + "commonality", + "commons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class composed of persons lacking clerical or noble rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit bourgeois", + "petite bourgeoisie", + "petty bourgeoisie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower middle class (shopkeepers and clerical staff etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peasantry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of peasants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowd" + ], + "it": [ + "affollamento", + "caterva", + "folla", + "frotta", + "mucchio", + "nugolo", + "nuvolo", + "pienone", + "reggimento", + "sciame", + "stuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large number of things or people considered together" + ], + "it": [ + "grande quantita' di persone o cose considerate assieme \"una massa di persone si era radunata attorno al palco\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multitude", + "throng", + "concourse" + ], + "it": [ + "affluenza", + "affollamento", + "agglomeramento", + "agglomerazione", + "assembramento", + "assiepamento", + "attruppamento", + "calca", + "folla", + "massa", + "moltitudine", + "piena", + "pigia-pigia", + "schiera", + "stuolo", + "torma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large gathering of people" + ], + "it": [ + "grande quantità di persone riunite insieme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teeming multitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horde", + "host", + "legion" + ], + "it": [ + "caterva", + "esercito", + "falange", + "legione", + "orda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast multitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruck", + "herd" + ], + "it": [ + "mucchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crowd especially of ordinary or undistinguished persons or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army" + ], + "it": [ + "esercito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large number of people united for some specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crush", + "jam", + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "calca", + "pigia pigia", + "ressa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense crowd of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic jam", + "snarl-up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottigliamento", + "ingorgo", + "intasamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of vehicles blocking one another until they can scarcely move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gridlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traffic jam so bad that no movement is possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host", + "legion" + ], + "it": [ + "legione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaic terms for army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of from 3000 to 6000 men (including cavalry) in the Roman army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabaoth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) hosts or armies; used in the book of Romans in the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drove", + "horde", + "swarm" + ], + "it": [ + "brulicame", + "formicaio", + "formicolio", + "frotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moving crowd" + ], + "it": [ + "numero elevato di persone o di cose, in movimento disordinato \"uno sciame di motorette\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorganized and densely packed crowd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mob", + "rabble", + "rout" + ], + "it": [ + "accozzaglia", + "combutta", + "folla disordinata", + "masnada", + "raccogliticcio", + "schiera", + "stuolo", + "turba", + "confusione di gente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disorderly crowd of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynch mob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mob that kills a person for some presumed offense without legal authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "brigata", + "compagnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social gathering of guests or companions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of people that are present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limited company", + "Ltd.", + "Ld." + ], + "it": [ + "s.p.a.", + "società per azioni", + "spa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that is organized to give its owners limited liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding company" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziaria", + "holding", + "società di partecipazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company with controlling shares in other companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank holding company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holding company owning or controlling one or more banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multibank holding company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank holding company owning several banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility", + "public utility", + "public utility company", + "public-service corporation" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that performs a public service; subject to government regulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone company", + "telephone service", + "phone company", + "phone service", + "telco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public utility that provides telephone service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power company", + "power service", + "electric company", + "light company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public utility that provides electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water company", + "waterworks" + ], + "it": [ + "acquedotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public utility that provides water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas company", + "gas service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public utility that provides gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus company", + "bus service" + ], + "it": [ + "autoservizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public utility providing local transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livery company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the chartered companies of London originating with the craft guilds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company", + "troupe" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia", + "troupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)" + ], + "it": [ + "teatro: una organizzazione di attori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opera company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that produces operas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that produces plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock company", + "repertory company" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia di repertorio", + "società azionaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical company that performs plays from a repertoire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that produces ballets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people assembled to sing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus", + "Greek chorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company of actors who comment (by speaking or singing in unison) on the action in a classical Greek play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensemble" + ], + "it": [ + "ensemble", + "complesso", + "complesso musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of musicians playing or singing together" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di musicisti e cantanti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus", + "chorus line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of dancers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir" + ], + "it": [ + "cappella", + "coro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chorus that sings as part of a religious ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir", + "consort" + ], + "it": [ + "cantoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of similar musical instrument playing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "husking bee", + "cornhusking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social gathering for the purpose of husking corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corps de ballet", + "ensemble" + ], + "it": [ + "balletto", + "corpo di ballo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chorus of a ballet company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a travelling company of entertainers; including trained animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrel show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a troupe of performers in blackface typically giving a comic program of negro songs and jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrelsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a troupe of minstrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit", + "social unit" + ], + "it": [ + "unità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization regarded as part of a larger social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit or region under the control of a single officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enemy" + ], + "it": [ + "nemico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opposing military force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "task force" + ], + "it": [ + "task force", + "unità operativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary military unit formed to accomplish a particular objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit that is part of an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army", + "regular army", + "ground forces" + ], + "it": [ + "armata", + "esercito", + "falange", + "milizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit that is part of a navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navy", + "naval forces" + ], + "it": [ + "marina", + "marineria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Navy", + "US Navy", + "USN", + "Navy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the navy of the United States of America; the agency that maintains and trains and equips combat-ready naval forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastguard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardacoste", + "guardia costiera", + "guardiacoste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military service responsible for the safety of maritime traffic in coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Coast Guard", + "U. S. Coast Guard", + "US Coast Guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Department of Transportation responsible for patrolling shores and facilitating nautical commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of a body of troops trained to serve on land or at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Marine Corps", + "United States Marines", + "Marine Corps", + "US Marine Corps", + "USMC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious division of the United States Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division", + "NAWCWPNS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal agency of the United States Navy for research and development for air warfare and missile weapon systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naval Special Warfare", + "NSW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency that provides units to conduct unconventional and counter-guerilla warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naval Surface Warfare Center", + "NSWC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency that provides scientific and engineering and technical support for all aspects of surface warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naval Underwater Warfare Center", + "NUWC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency that provides scientific and engineering and technical support for submarine and undersea warfare systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Naval Academy", + "US Naval Academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for training men and women to become officers in the United States Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Office of Naval Intelligence", + "ONI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military intelligence agency that provides for the intelligence and counterintelligence and investigative and security requirements of the United States Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marine Corps Intelligence Activity", + "MCIA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United States Marine Corps that provides responsive and broad intelligence support for the worldwide Marine Corps organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Corps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the airborne division of the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Air Force Academy", + "US Air Force Academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for training men and women to become officers in the United States Air Force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Royal Air Force", + "RAF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the airforce of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luftwaffe", + "German Luftwaffe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the German airforce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "League of Nations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations; although suggested by Woodrow Wilson, the United States never joined and it remained powerless; it was dissolved in 1946 after the United Nations was formed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peace Corps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civilian organization sponsored by the United States government; helps people in developing countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit that is part of the airforce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air force", + "airforce" + ], + "it": [ + "aereonautica", + "aeronautica", + "aviazione", + "aviazione militare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the airborne branch of a country's armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Air Force", + "U. S. Air Force", + "US Air Force", + "Air Force", + "USAF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the airforce of the United States of America; the agency that defends the United States through control and exploitation of air and space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Combat Command", + "ACC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a command that is the primary provider of air combat weapon systems to the United States Air Force; operates fighter, bomber, reconnaissance, battle-management, and rescue aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Force Space Command", + "AFSPC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a command of the United States Air Force that is responsible for defending the United States through its space and intercontinental ballistic missile operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air National Guard", + "ANG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civilian reserve component of the United States Air Force that provides prompt mobilization during war and assistance during national emergencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Air Force Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance", + "Air Force ISR", + "AFISR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency focused on ensuring that the United States military attains information superiority; operates worldwide ground sites and an array of airborne reconnaissance and surveillance platforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armor", + "armour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guerrilla force", + "guerilla force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular armed force that fights by sabotage and harassment; often rural and organized in large groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military service", + "armed service", + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "forza armata", + "servizio militare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a force that is a branch of the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military unit", + "military force", + "military group", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "arma", + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit that is part of some military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military", + "armed forces", + "armed services", + "military machine", + "war machine" + ], + "it": [ + "esercito", + "forze armate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military forces of a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military reserve", + "reserve" + ], + "it": [ + "complemento", + "rincalzo", + "riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "armed forces that are not on active duty but can be called in an emergency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mujahidin", + "mujahedin", + "mujahedeen", + "mujahadeen", + "mujahadin", + "mujahideen", + "mujahadein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military force of Muslim guerilla warriors engaged in a jihad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mujahedeen Khalq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Iranian guerillas based in Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States military establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramilitary", + "paramilitary force", + "paramilitary unit", + "paramilitary organization", + "paramilitary organisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of civilians organized in a military fashion (especially to operate in place of or to assist regular army troops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fedayeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) Arab guerrillas who operate mainly against Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fedayeen Saddam", + "Saddam's Martyrs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feared paramilitary unit formed in 1995 by young soldiers to serve Saddam Hussein against domestic opponents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people having the power of effective action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force", + "personnel" + ], + "it": [ + "personale", + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of people willing to obey orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "task force" + ], + "it": [ + "task force", + "unità operativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semipermanent unit created to carry out a continuing task" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di esperti e tecnici chiamati a studiare e formulare strategie operative in campo politico, economico ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "team", + "squad" + ], + "it": [ + "clan", + "compagine", + "equipe", + "manipolo", + "nucleo", + "squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di persone unite da un comune intento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit squad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team of assassins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death squad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clandestine military or paramilitary team who murder political dissidents or petty criminals (usually with the government's tacit approval)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparrow Unit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hit squad of the New People's Army in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reserve players on a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police", + "police force", + "constabulary", + "law" + ], + "it": [ + "polizia", + "questura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force of policemen and officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europol", + "European Law Enforcement Organisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "police organization for the European Union; aims to improve effectiveness and cooperation among European police forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gendarmerie", + "gendarmery" + ], + "it": [ + "gendarmeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French police force; a group of gendarmes or gendarmes collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mutawa'een", + "Mutawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious police in Saudi Arabia whose duty is to ensure strict adherence to established codes of conduct; offenders may be detained indefinitely; foreigners are not excluded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Royal Canadian Mounted Police", + "RCMP", + "Mounties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal police force of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotland Yard", + "New Scotland Yard" + ], + "it": [ + "Scotland Yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the detective department of the metropolitan police force of London" + ], + "it": [ + "polizia londinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security force", + "private security force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a privately employed group hired to protect the security of a business or industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice squad" + ], + "it": [ + "buon costume", + "buoncostume", + "squadra del buon costume", + "squadra della buoncostume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police group to enforce laws against gambling and prostitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military police", + "MP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military corps that enforces discipline and guards prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military police of the navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret police" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police force that operates in secrecy (usually against persons suspected of treason or sedition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gestapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the secret state police in Nazi Germany; known for its terrorist methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schutzstaffel", + "SS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "special police force in Nazi Germany founded as a personal bodyguard for Adolf Hitler in 1925; the SS administered the concentration camps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SA", + "Sturmabteilung", + "Storm Troops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Nazi militia created by Hitler in 1921 that helped him to power but was eclipsed by the SS after 1943" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work force", + "workforce", + "manpower", + "hands", + "men" + ], + "it": [ + "forza-lavoro", + "forza lavoro", + "maestranza", + "maestranze", + "mano d'opera", + "manodopera", + "manovalanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force of workers available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corps", + "army corps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit usually consisting of two or more divisions and their support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Women's Army Corps", + "WAC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army corps that was organized in World War II but is no longer a separate branch of the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reserve Officers Training Corps", + "ROTC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a training program to prepare college students to be commissioned officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people associated together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit large enough to sustain combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Special Forces", + "U. S. Army Special Forces", + "United States Army Special Forces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of the United States Army that is specially trained for guerilla fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit usually consisting of five companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regiment" + ], + "it": [ + "reggimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "army unit smaller than a division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brigade" + ], + "it": [ + "brigata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "army unit smaller than a division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battalion" + ], + "it": [ + "battaglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "brigata", + "compagnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small military unit; usually two or three platoons" + ], + "it": [ + "piccola unità militare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platoon" + ], + "it": [ + "drappello", + "plotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit that is a subdivision of a company; usually has a headquarters and two or more squads; usually commanded by a lieutenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team of policemen working under the military platoon system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small team of policemen working as part of a police platoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "den" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of 8 to 10 cub scouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of persons who are engaged in a common activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detachment" + ], + "it": [ + "distaccamento", + "reparto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small unit of troops of special composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanguard", + "van" + ], + "it": [ + "avanguardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leading units moving at the head of an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit serving to protect some place or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodyguard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia", + "guardia del corpo", + "guardia giurata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of men who escort and protect some important person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeomanry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British volunteer cavalry force organized in 1761 for home defense later incorporated into the Territorial Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrol" + ], + "it": [ + "pattuglia", + "pattugliamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachment used for security or reconnaissance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket" + ], + "it": [ + "picchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachment of troops guarding an army from surprise attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachment empowered to force civilians to serve in the army or navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provost guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachment under the command of a provost marshall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearguard" + ], + "it": [ + "retroguardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detachment assigned to protect the rear of a (retreating) military body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ], + "it": [ + "reparto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small army unit usually having a special function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of an orchestra containing all instruments of the same class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass section", + "brass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a band or orchestra that plays brass instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string section", + "strings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of an orchestra that plays stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violin section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of an orchestra that plays violins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussion section", + "percussion", + "rhythm section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a band or orchestra that plays percussion instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a band or orchestra that plays trumpets or cornets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reed section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a band or orchestra that plays reed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarinet section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the section of a band or orchestra that plays clarinets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squad" + ], + "it": [ + "drappello", + "nucleo", + "squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smallest army unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement", + "full complement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "number needed to make up a whole force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crew of workers who work for a specific period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day shift", + "day watch" + ], + "it": [ + "turno di giorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workers who work during the day (as 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workers who work during the evening (as 4 p.m. to midnight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night shift", + "graveyard shift" + ], + "it": [ + "turno di notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workers who work during the night (as midnight to 8 a.m.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crew of workers who relieve another crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship's company", + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "equipaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship" + ], + "it": [ + "equipaggio di una imbarcazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division", + "naval division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of ships of similar type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division", + "air division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of the United States Air Force usually comprising two or more wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "aerobrigata", + "reparto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of military aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of the United States Air Force larger than a squadron and smaller than a wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squadron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air force unit larger than a flight and smaller than a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escadrille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air force squadron typically containing six airplanes (as in France during World War I)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squadron" + ], + "it": [ + "squadrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squadron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval unit that is detached from the fleet for a particular task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escadrille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small squadron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an air force unit smaller than a squadron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ], + "it": [ + "stormo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formation of aircraft in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flock of flying birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit in government or business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "divisione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) taxonomic unit of plants corresponding to a phylum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a group of organisms forming a subdivision of a larger category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form division" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial taxonomic category for organisms of which the true relationships are obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audience" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltatori", + "platea", + "pubblico", + "teatro", + "uditorio", + "spettatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectators at a golf or tennis match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audience" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the general public interested in a source of information or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the audience reached by written communications (books or magazines or newspapers etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viewing audience", + "TV audience", + "viewers" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltatori", + "audience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the audience reached by television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandstand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the audience at a stadium or racetrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ], + "it": [ + "platea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the audience gathered together in a theatre or cinema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claque" + ], + "it": [ + "claque", + "fedelissimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of followers hired to applaud at a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "following", + "followers" + ], + "it": [ + "seguito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of followers or enthusiasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faithful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any loyal and steadfast following" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fandom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fans of a sport or famous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parish" + ], + "it": [ + "popolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local church community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community" + ], + "it": [ + "collettività", + "comunità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people living in a particular local area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of nations having common interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convent" + ], + "it": [ + "convento", + "monastero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of people in a religious order (especially nuns) living together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the members of a religious community living together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ummah", + "Umma", + "Muslim Ummah", + "Islamic Ummah", + "Islam Nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania to Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people sharing a given language or dialect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighborhood", + "neighbourhood" + ], + "it": [ + "vicinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people living near one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a neighborhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people living or working on the same street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "municipality" + ], + "it": [ + "municipalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people living in a town or city having local self-government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "municipal government" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrazione cittadina", + "municipalità", + "governo municpale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government of a municipality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission plan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a municipal government that combines legislative and executive authority in the members of a commission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government of a state in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totalitarian state", + "totalitation regime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city", + "metropolis" + ], + "it": [ + "città" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people living in a large densely populated municipality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town", + "townspeople", + "townsfolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people living in a municipality smaller than a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "village", + "small town", + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "borgo", + "cittadina", + "villaggio", + "paese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of people smaller than a town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moshav" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative Israeli village or settlement comprised of small farms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamlet", + "crossroads" + ], + "it": [ + "frazione", + "casale", + "borgata", + "borghetto", + "gruppo di case", + "piccolo centro abitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of people smaller than a village" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooperative" + ], + "it": [ + "cooperativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association formed and operated for the benefit of those using it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club", + "social club", + "society", + "guild", + "gild", + "lodge", + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo", + "club", + "società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal association of people with similar interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family", + "fellowship" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of people who share common beliefs or activities" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di persone legate da affinitá o vincoli comuni, anche ideali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koinonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian fellowship or communion with God or with fellow Christians; said in particular of the early Christian community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athenaeum", + "atheneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literary or scientific association for the promotion of learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookclub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club that people join in order to buy selected books at reduced prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local branch of some fraternity or association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapter" + ], + "it": [ + "capitolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ecclesiastical assembly of the monks in a monastery or even of the canons of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest organization of United States war veterans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veterans of Foreign Wars", + "VFW" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of United States war veterans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of people to play chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suburban club for recreation and socializing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraternity", + "frat" + ], + "it": [ + "fratellanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social club for male undergraduates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glee club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club organized to sing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf club" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo di golf", + "mazza da golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of people to play golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt", + "hunt club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of huntsmen who hunt for sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investors club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of small investors who buy and sell securities jointly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jockey club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club to promote and regulate horse racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club for players of racket sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rowing club" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo di canottaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club for rowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people who save money in a common fund for a specific purpose (usually distributed at Christmas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social club for female undergraduates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis club" + ], + "it": [ + "tennis club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of people to play tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnverein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of tumblers or gymnasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yacht club", + "boat club" + ], + "it": [ + "circolo nautico", + "yacht club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club that promotes and supports yachting and boating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yakuza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organized crime in Japan; an alliance of criminal organizations and illegal enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of draft animals joined by a yoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "league", + "conference" + ], + "it": [ + "federazione", + "lega", + "campionato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major league", + "big league", + "majors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important league in any sport (especially baseball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor league", + "minors", + "bush league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of teams that do not belong to a major league (especially baseball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of baseball teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially sponsored baseball league for players between 8 and 12 years of age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little-league team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team that plays in a little league" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of basketball teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of bowling teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football league" + ], + "it": [ + "lega calcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of football teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of hockey teams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivy League" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of universities and colleges in the northeastern United States that have a reputation for scholastic achievement and social prestige" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union", + "labor union", + "trade union", + "trades union", + "brotherhood" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione sindacale", + "sindacato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial union", + "vertical union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a labor union that admits all workers in a given industry irrespective of their craft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teamsters Union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial union of truck drivers and chauffeurs and warehouse workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Mine Workers of America", + "United Mine Workers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial union of mine workers in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Federation of Labor", + "AFL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation of North American labor unions that merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations", + "AFL-CIO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest federation of North American labor unions; formed in 1955" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congress of Industrial Organizations", + "CIO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation of North American industrial unions that merged with the American Federation of Labor in 1955" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a labor union whose membership is restricted to workers in a particular craft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative depository financial institution whose members can obtain loans from their combined savings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union of workers for a single company; a union not affiliated with a larger union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company whose workers are hired without regard to their membership in a labor union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that hires only union members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company allowed to hire nonunion workers on the condition that they will join the union within a specified time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a society that conceals its activities from nonmembers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freemasonry", + "Masonry" + ], + "it": [ + "frammassoneria", + "loggia", + "massoneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Freemasons collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh", + "National Volunteers Association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an all-male organization begun in 1925 to foster nationalism in India's Hindus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a club of professional or business people organized for their coordination and active in public services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lions Club", + "International Association of Lions clubs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "club dedicated to promoting responsible citizenship and good government and community and national and international welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rotary Club", + "Rotary International" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of businessmen in a town organized as a service club and to promote world peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consortium", + "pool", + "syndicate" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione", + "consorzio", + "pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of companies for some definite purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione di persone o enti giuridici che operano per il conseguimentodi un fine comune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust", + "corporate trust", + "combine", + "cartel" + ], + "it": [ + "cartello", + "trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consortium of independent organizations formed to limit competition by controlling the production and distribution of a product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug cartel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illicit cartel formed to control the production and distribution of narcotic drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medellin cartel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug cartel in Colombia; controlled the production of cocaine from the 1970s until 1993 when the leader was killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cali cartel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug cartel that seized control of cocaine production in Colombia in 1993; adopted techniques used by terrorist organizations (small cells and sophisticated communications equipment and close ties with politicians etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil cartel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartel of companies or nations formed to control the production and distribution of oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "cast of characters", + "dramatis personae" + ], + "it": [ + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the actors in a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensemble", + "supporting players" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cast other than the principals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constituency" + ], + "it": [ + "collegio elettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of voters who elect a representative for their area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electoral college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of electors who formally elect the United States president and vice president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class", + "form", + "grade", + "course" + ], + "it": [ + "classe", + "anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of students who are taught together" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme degli alunni che frequentano lo stesso corso e condividono la stessa aula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class", + "year" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of students who graduate together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduating class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of students who graduate together this year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class (especially in music) given to talented students by an expert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section", + "discussion section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small class of students who are part of a larger course but are taught separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "final grade or class in high school or college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penultimate class in high school or college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophomore class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second class in a four-year college or high school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshman class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first class in college or high school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class", + "division" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria", + "girone", + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league ranked by quality" + ], + "it": [ + "raggruppamento di squadre di valore confrontabile che si affrontano tra di loro in un campionato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolving door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization or institution with a high rate of turnover of personnel or membership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "circle", + "band", + "lot" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchia", + "circolo", + "giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unofficial association of people or groups" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo informale di persone che si incontrano di frequente o con le quali si hanno rapporti sociali, affettivi o di interesse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "car pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small group of car drivers who arrange to take turns driving while the others are passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clique", + "coterie", + "ingroup", + "inner circle", + "pack", + "camp" + ], + "it": [ + "cenacolo", + "chiesuola", + "combriccola", + "consorteria", + "conventicola", + "cricca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exclusive circle of people with a common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloomsbury Group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inner circle of writers and artists and philosophers who lived in or around Bloomsbury early in the 20th century and were noted for their unconventional lifestyles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bohemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of artists and writers with real or pretended artistic or intellectual aspirations and usually an unconventional life style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen cabinet", + "brain trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inner circle of unofficial advisors to the head of a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inner circle of advisors (especially under President Reagan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabal", + "faction", + "junto", + "camarilla" + ], + "it": [ + "cricca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military junta", + "junta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadre" + ], + "it": [ + "quadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nucleus of military personnel capable of expansion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core", + "nucleus", + "core group" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small group of indispensable persons or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portfolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of pieces of creative work collected to be shown to potential customers or employers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional association" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine professionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of practitioners of a given profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gang", + "crew", + "work party" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra", + "squadra di operai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized group of workmen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crew of workers selected for a particular task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gang of convicts chained together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground crew", + "ground-service crew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crew of technicians and mechanics who service aircraft on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gang of road workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a work crew assigned to a section of a railroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage crew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crew of workers who move scenery or handle properties in a theatrical production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fabian Society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of British socialists who advocate gradual reforms within the law leading to democratic socialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gang", + "pack", + "ring", + "mob" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "clan", + "combriccola", + "congrega", + "cricca", + "gang", + "ganga", + "genia", + "ghenga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of criminals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gang of people (criminals or spies or terrorists) assembled in one locality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nest of sleepers awaiting a prearranged signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth gang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gang whose members are teenagers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demimonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of woman not considered respectable because of indiscreet or promiscuous behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underworld" + ], + "it": [ + "mala", + "malavita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the criminal class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organized crime", + "gangland", + "gangdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underworld organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mafia", + "maffia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tightly knit group of trusted associates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mafia", + "Maffia", + "Sicilian Mafia" + ], + "it": [ + "mafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret terrorist group in Sicily; originally opposed tyranny but evolved into a criminal organization in the middle of the 19th century" + ], + "it": [ + "Organizzazione criminale formatasi in Sicilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mafia", + "Maffia", + "Cosa Nostra" + ], + "it": [ + "Cosa Nostra", + "mafia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crime syndicate in the United States; organized in families; believed to have important relations to the Sicilian Mafia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret terrorist society in the United States early in the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camorra" + ], + "it": [ + "camorra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret society in Naples notorious for violence and blackmail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicate", + "crime syndicate", + "mob", + "family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeomanry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "class of small freeholders who cultivated their own land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical organization", + "musical organisation", + "musical group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of musicians who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duet", + "duette", + "duo" + ], + "it": [ + "duo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartet", + "quartette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "four performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbershop quartet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unaccompanied quartet of (usually male) voices singing sentimental songs in four-part harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string quartet", + "string quartette" + ], + "it": [ + "quartetto d'archi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instrumental quartet with 2 violins and a viola and a cello" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintet", + "quintette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "five performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sextet", + "sextette", + "sestet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "six performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septet", + "septette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seven performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octet", + "octette" + ], + "it": [ + "ottetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eight performers or singers who perform together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestra" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical organization consisting of a group of instrumentalists including string players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber orchestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small orchestra; usually plays classical music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamelan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Indonesian ensemble typically including many tuned percussion instruments including bamboo xylophones and wooden or bronze chimes and gongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string orchestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orchestra playing only stringed instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphony orchestra", + "symphony", + "philharmonic" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestra sinfonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large orchestra; can perform symphonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "musica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instrumentalists not including string players" + ], + "it": [ + "compagnia di suonatori di strumenti a fiato e a percussione che si esibisce specialmente all'aperto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marching band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band that marches (as in a parade) and plays music at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass band" + ], + "it": [ + "fanfara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of musicians playing only brass and percussion instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert band", + "military band" + ], + "it": [ + "fanfara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of musicians playing brass and woodwind and percussion instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jug band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musical group that uses jugs and washboards and kazoos and other improvised instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that plays pop music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pop group not affiliated with a major record company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance band", + "band", + "dance orchestra" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "orchestra da ballo", + "orchestrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of musicians playing popular music for dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dance or jazz band usually featuring improvised solos by lead musicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz band", + "jazz group", + "combo" + ], + "it": [ + "banda jazz", + "gruppo jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small band of jazz musicians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mariachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of street musicians in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock group", + "rock band" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of musicians who play rock'n'roll music" + ], + "it": [ + "complesso musicale dedito al rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skiffle group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of musicians who play skiffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel band" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band that plays instruments made from the heads of oil drums (Caribbean Islands)" + ], + "it": [ + "banda di strumenti metallici a percussione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horde" + ], + "it": [ + "carovana", + "orda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nomadic community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Horde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mongolian army that swept over eastern Europe in the 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohort" + ], + "it": [ + "coorte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of warriors (originally a unit of a Roman Legion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohort" + ], + "it": [ + "coorte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company of companions or supporters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspiracy", + "confederacy" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione per delinquere", + "associazione a delinquere", + "organizzazione criminale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of conspirators banded together to achieve some harmful or illegal purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di persone dedite ad attività criminale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Four Hundred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exclusive social set of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsy set", + "horsey set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of people sharing a devotion to horses and horseback riding and horse racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet set" + ], + "it": [ + "jet set", + "jet society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of rich and fashionable people who travel widely for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faction", + "sect" + ], + "it": [ + "fazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dissenting clique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splinter group" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo scissionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faction or sect that has broken away from its parent organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social gathering", + "social affair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering for the purpose of promoting fellowship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal or official social gathering or ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party" + ], + "it": [ + "brigata", + "combriccola", + "compagnia", + "festa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people gathered together for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shindig", + "shindy" + ], + "it": [ + "baldoria", + "bisboccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and noisy party of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled for dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people assembled at a lavish formal dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masquerade", + "masquerade party", + "masque", + "mask" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of guests wearing costumes and masks" + ], + "it": [ + "una festa alle quale i partecipanti indossano costumi e maschere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banquet", + "feast" + ], + "it": [ + "banchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial dinner party for many people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinner", + "dinner party" + ], + "it": [ + "pranzo conviviale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled to have dinner together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaudy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Britain) a celebratory reunion feast or entertainment held a college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beanfeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual dinner party given by an employer for the employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception" + ], + "it": [ + "rinfresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal party of people; as after a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "at home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reception held in your own home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal reception of visitors or guests (as at a royal court)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reception or party at which tea is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding reception" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reception for wedding guests held after the wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal party of people with hospitality for all comers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housewarming" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled to celebrate moving into a new home" + ], + "it": [ + "festa per inaugurare la casa nuova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soiree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled in the evening (usually at a private house)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musical soiree", + "soiree musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soiree assembled for the purpose of listening to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden party", + "lawn party", + "fete champetre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled for social interaction out of doors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelor party" + ], + "it": [ + "festa di addio al celibato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stag party held for a bachelor (usually on the night before he is married)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of friends assembled to present gifts (usually of a specified kind) to a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stag party", + "smoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party for men only (or one considered suitable for men only)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hen party" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "festa di sole donne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party for women only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slumber party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overnight party of girls who dress in nightclothes and pass the night talking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociable", + "social", + "mixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people assembled to promote sociability and communal activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supper" + ], + "it": [ + "cena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social gathering where a light evening meal is served" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding", + "wedding party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party", + "political party" + ], + "it": [ + "partito politico", + "partito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization to gain political power" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione di cittadini che condividono un’ideologia o un programma politico e mirano allo svolgimento di una comune attività politico-sociale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Labor Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1936 in New York when labor and liberals bolted the Democratic Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Party", + "Know-Nothing Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; active in the 1850s to keep power out of the hands of immigrants and Roman Catholics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anti-Masonic Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; founded in 1825 in opposition to Freemasonry in public affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Panthers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant Black political party founded in 1965 to end political dominance by Whites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communist Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party that actively advocates a communist form of government; in Communist countries it is the sole political party of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conservative Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party (especially in Great Britain or Australia) that believes in the importance of a capitalist economy with private ownership rather than state control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constitutional Union Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1859 by former Whigs who hoped to preserve the Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Democratic Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the older of two major political parties in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Democratic-Republican Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former major political party in the United States in the early 19th century; opposed the old Federalist party; favored a strict interpretation of the constitution in order to limit the powers of the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farmer-Labor Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former minor political party in the United States in the early 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federalist Party", + "American Federalist Party", + "Federal Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major political party in the United States in the early 19th century; founded by Alexander Hamilton; favored a strong centralized government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Free Soil Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1848 to oppose the extension of slavery into the territories; merged with the Liberty Party in 1848" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gironde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French moderate political party that was in power (1791-1793) during the French Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an environmentalist political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenback Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; organized in 1874; opposed any reduction in the amount of paper money in circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuomintang", + "Guomindang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political party founded in 1911 by Sun Yat-sen; it governed China under Chiang Kai-shek from 1928 until 1949 when the Communists took power and subsequently was the official ruling party of Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor party", + "labour party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a left-of-center political party formed to represent the interest of ordinary working people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian Labor Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest political party in Australia, founded in 1891; the party is moderately liberal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Labour Party", + "Labour Party", + "Labour", + "Labor" + ], + "it": [ + "laborismo", + "laburismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and formerly the socialization of key industries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberal Democrat Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in Great Britain; formerly the Liberal Party; advocates reforms and improvement of the conditions of working people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberal Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in Australia, Canada, and other nations, and formerly in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberty Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1839 to oppose the practice of slavery; merged with the Free Soil Party in 1848" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Militant Tendency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Trotskyist political organization in Great Britain set up in 1964 inside the Labour Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Socialist German Workers' Party", + "Nazi Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "People's Party", + "Populist Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1891 to advocate currency expansion and state control of railroads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Progressive Party", + "Bull Moose Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; founded by Theodore Roosevelt during the presidential campaign of 1912; its emblem was a picture of a bull moose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prohibition Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in the United States; formed in 1869 to oppose the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Republican Party", + "GOP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the younger of two major political parties in the United States; GOP is an acronym for grand old party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Social Democratic Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in Germany and Britain (and elsewhere) founded in late 19th century; originally Marxist; now advocates the gradual transformation of capitalism into democratic socialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socialist Labor Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in the United States; formed in 1874 to advocate the peaceful introduction of socialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socialist Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party in the United States formed in 1900 to advocate socialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "States' Rights Democratic Party", + "Dixiecrats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1948 by Democrats from southern states in order to oppose to the candidacy of Harry S Truman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party that supports a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whig Party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former political party in the United States; formed in 1834 in opposition to the Democratic Party; advocated a loose interpretation of the Constitution and high protective tariffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political party organized in opposition to the major parties in a two-party system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine", + "political machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that controls the activities of a political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate organization that accomplishes its goals efficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party", + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "brigata", + "compagnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of people associated temporarily in some activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of soldiers on fatigue duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landing party" + ], + "it": [ + "reparto da sbarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a ship's company organized for special duties ashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party to the action", + "party to the transaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people taking a role in legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue party" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra di salvataggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of rescuers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search party" + ], + "it": [ + "squadra di soccorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people to search for someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretcher party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of people with stretchers to carry an injured person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a band of warriors who raid or fight an enemy (used especially of Native Americans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional organization", + "professional organisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of and for professional people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table", + "tabular array" + ], + "it": [ + "tabella", + "tavola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of data arranged in rows and columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actuarial table", + "statistical table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a table of statistical data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortality table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actuarial table indicating life expectancy and probability of death as a function or age and sex and occupation etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tabular array of the days (usually for one year)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetual calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chart or mechanical device that indicates the days of the week corresponding to any given date over a long period of years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file allocation table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a floppy disk or hard disk where information is stored about the location of each piece of information on the disk (and about the location of unusable areas of the disk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodic table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements according to atomic number as based on the periodic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a rectangular array of quantities or expressions set out by rows and columns; treated as a single element and manipulated according to rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot matrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular matrix of dots from which written characters can be formed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice quadrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matrix with the same number of rows and columns" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice con lo stesso numero di righe e di colonne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a set of entries in a square matrix running diagonally either from the upper left to lower right entry or running from the upper right to lower left entry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main diagonal", + "principal diagonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diagonal of a square matrix running from the upper left entry to the lower right entry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary diagonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diagonal of a square matrix running from the lower left entry to the upper right entry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonal matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice diagonale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix with all elements not on the main diagonal equal to zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalar matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice scalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagonal matrix in which all of the diagonal elements are equal" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice diagonale nella quale tutti gli elementi sulla diagonale sono uguali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identity matrix", + "unit matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice identità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scalar matrix in which all of the diagonal elements are unity" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice scalare in cui tutti gli elementi sulla diagonale sono 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determinant" + ], + "it": [ + "determinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix used to solve simultaneous equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin square" + ], + "it": [ + "quadrato latino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix of n rows and columns; cells contain n different symbols so arranged that no symbol occurs more than once in any row or column" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice quadrata di n righe ed n colonne, nella quale le celle contengono n simboli diversi in modo tale che ogni simbolo occorre solo una volta in una qualsiasi riga o colonna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magic square" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice magica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix of n rows and columns; the first n^2 integers are arranged in the cells of the matrix in such a way that the sum of any row or column or diagonal is the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsingular matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice non singolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix whose determinant is not zero" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice quadrata il cui determinante non è zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice reale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matrix whose elements are all real numbers" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice i cui elementi sono tutti numeri reali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singular matrix" + ], + "it": [ + "matrice singolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square matrix whose determinant is zero" + ], + "it": [ + "una matrice quadrata il cui determinante è zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matrix formed by interchanging the rows and columns of a given matrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oblique line of squares of the same color on a checkerboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oort cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a hypothetical huge collection of comets orbiting the sun far beyond the orbit of Pluto; perturbations (as by other stars) can upset a comet's orbit and may send it tumbling toward the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galaxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a splendid assemblage (especially of famous people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galaxy", + "extragalactic nebula" + ], + "it": [ + "galassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a collection of star systems; any of the billions of systems each having many stars and nebulae and dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral galaxy", + "spiral nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a galaxy having a spiral structure; arms containing younger stars spiral out from old stars at the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andromeda galaxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Andromeda that is visible to the naked eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military unit composed of foreign volunteers who serve the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Foreign Legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former foreign legion in the French army that was used for military duties outside of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "association of ex-servicemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echelon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of troops arranged in a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalanx" + ], + "it": [ + "falange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of troops in close array" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phalanx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any closely ranked crowd of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "ventina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of twenty members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threescore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set with 3 times 20 members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a set of one or more synonyms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people (often temporary) having a common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crew" + ], + "it": [ + "ciurma", + "equipaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircrew", + "air crew" + ], + "it": [ + "equipaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crew of an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomber crew", + "bomber aircrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crew of a bomber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merchant marine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crew of a merchant vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crew" + ], + "it": [ + "equipaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the team of men manning a racing shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowd", + "crew", + "gang", + "bunch" + ], + "it": [ + "banda", + "combriccola", + "congrega", + "cricca", + "gang", + "ganga", + "ghenga", + "intruppamento", + "gruppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal body of friends" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di persone (informale) \"Continua a frequentare la stessa combriccola\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock troops" + ], + "it": [ + "truppe d'assalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soldiers who are specially trained and armed to lead an assault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SWAT team", + "SWAT squad", + "Special Weapons and Tactics team", + "Special Weapons and Tactics squad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squad of policemen who have been trained to deal with violent and dangerous situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop" + ], + "it": [ + "truppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop" + ], + "it": [ + "squadrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavalry unit corresponding to an infantry company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop", + "flock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orderly crowd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop", + "scout troop", + "scout group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit of Girl or Boy Scouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cohesive unit such as a military company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academia", + "academe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the academic world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grub Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world of literary hacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of creative artists or writers or thinkers linked by a similar style or by similar teachers" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di artisti o studiosi accomunati da un modo di sentire o da un metodo di lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashcan School", + "Eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of United States painters founded in 1907 and noted for their realistic depictions of sordid aspects of city life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deconstructivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of architecture based on the philosophical theory of deconstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historical school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of 19th century German economists and legal philosophers who tried to explain modern economic systems in evolutionary or historical terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointillism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school of painters who used a technique of painting with tiny dots of pure colors that would blend in the viewer's eye; developed by Georges Seurat and his followers late in 19th century France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educational institution" + ], + "it": [ + "istituzione educativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution dedicated to education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preschool" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "istituzione prescolastica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educational institution for children too young for elementary school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto", + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educational institution" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto didattico, con un nome e un orientamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educational institution's faculty and students" + ], + "it": [ + "docenti e discenti coinvolti nell'attività scolastica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British school for children aged 7-11" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infant school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British school for children aged 5-7" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academy" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for special training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeshiva", + "yeshivah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy for the advanced study of Jewish texts (primarily the Talmud)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of faculty and students of a college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "college" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto superiore", + "istituto universitario", + "college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution of higher education created to educate and grant degrees; often a part of a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspondence school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola per corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school that teaches nonresident students by mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crammer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special school where students are crammed" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto che prepara agli esami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancing school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola di danza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school in which students learn to dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct-grant school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a school that charged tuition fees and also received government grants in return for admitting certain non-paying students who were nominated by the local authorities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driving school" + ], + "it": [ + "autoguida", + "autoscuola", + "scuola guida", + "scuolaguida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school where people are taught to drive automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academy" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary school (usually private)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy for training police officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military academy" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia militare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy for training military officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval academy" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia navale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy for training naval officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air force academy" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia aeronautica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy for training air force officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plato's Academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school established by Plato in ancient Athens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academy", + "honorary society" + ], + "it": [ + "accademia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution for the advancement of art or science or literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy that gives annual awards for achievements in motion picture production and performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Academy of Television Arts and Sciences" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academy that gives annual awards for outstanding achievements in television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary group of French writers and thinkers supported by the French government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Academy of Sciences" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary American society of scientists created by President Lincoln during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Royal Academy", + "Royal Academy of Arts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary academy in London (founded in 1768) intended to cultivate painting and sculpture and architecture in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Royal Society", + "Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an honorary English society (formalized in 1660 and given a royal charter by Charles II in 1662) through which the British government has supported science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business college" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for teaching the clerical aspects of business and commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate school offering study leading to a degree of Master in Business Administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental school", + "school of dentistry" + ], + "it": [ + "odontoiatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate school offering study leading to degrees in dentistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finishing school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private school for girls that emphasizes training in cultural and social activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flying school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola di volo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for teaching students to fly airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college that offers only the first two years terminating in an associate degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "community college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonresidential junior college offering a curriculum fitted to the needs of the community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate school", + "grad school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola di specializzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school in a university offering study leading to degrees beyond the bachelor's degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "language school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola di lingue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for teaching foreign languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law school", + "school of law" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà di giurisprudenza", + "facoltà di legge", + "legge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate school offering study leading to a law degree" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà universitaria in cui si studiano le materie giuridiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrasa", + "madrasah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Muslim schools in Bangladesh and Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical school", + "school of medicine" + ], + "it": [ + "facoltà di medicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate school offering study leading to a medical degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music school", + "school of music" + ], + "it": [ + "conservatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for the study of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing school", + "school of nursing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for training nurses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesantran", + "pesantren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim school in Indonesia operated by religious leaders; produces young militants skilled in jihad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school run by a religious body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church school", + "parochial school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private religious school run by a church or parish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding school" + ], + "it": [ + "maneggio", + "scuola di equitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school where horsemanship is taught and practiced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary school", + "lyceum", + "lycee", + "Gymnasium", + "middle school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretarial school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school where secretarial skills (typing and shorthand and filing etc) are taught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private place of education for the young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminary" + ], + "it": [ + "seminario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theological school for training ministers or priests or rabbis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical school", + "tech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school teaching mechanical and industrial arts and the applied sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polytechnic institute", + "polytechnic", + "engineering school" + ], + "it": [ + "politecnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technical school offering instruction in many industrial arts and applied sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade school", + "vocational school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary school teaching the skilled trades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company of militia in England or America from the 16th century to the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "training college" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto professionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school providing training for a special field or profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "training school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school providing practical vocational and technical training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "university" + ], + "it": [ + "ateneo", + "università" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of faculty and students at a university" + ], + "it": [ + "università come istituzione educativa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the members of a university as distinguished from the other residents of the town in which the university is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "university" + ], + "it": [ + "ateneo", + "università" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and diverse institution of higher learning created to educate for life and for a profession and to grant degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiversity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university system having several separate campuses and colleges and research centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Open University" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British university that is open to people without formal academic qualifications and where teaching is by correspondence or broadcasting or summer school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varsity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British abbreviation of `university'; usually refers to Oxford University or Cambridge University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veterinary school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school teaching veterinary medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the faculty and students of a school specializing in one of the fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff", + "faculty" + ], + "it": [ + "collegio", + "collegio dei professori", + "corpo", + "corpo insegnante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of teachers and administrators at a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture", + "civilization", + "civilisation" + ], + "it": [ + "civiltà", + "cultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular society at a particular time and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a society that allows its members considerable freedom (as in a democracy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribal society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a society with the social organization of a tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting and gathering tribe", + "hunting and gathering society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group that supports itself by hunting and fishing and by gathering wild fruits and vegetables; usually nomadic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subculture" + ], + "it": [ + "subcultura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social group within a national culture that has distinctive patterns of behavior and beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suburbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suburbanites considered as a cultural class or subculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young adults (a generational unit) considered as a cultural class or subculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hip-hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban youth culture associated with rap music and the fashions of African-American residents of the inner city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "youth subculture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minority youth culture whose distinctiveness depended largely on the social class and ethnic background of its members; often characterized by its adoption of a particular music genre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower people", + "hippies", + "hipsters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youth subculture (mostly from the middle class) originating in San Francisco in the 1960s; advocated universal love and peace and communes and long hair and soft drugs; favored acid rock and progressive rock music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegean civilization", + "Aegean civilisation", + "Aegean culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prehistoric civilization on the islands in the Aegean sea and the surrounding countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helladic civilization", + "Helladic civilisation", + "Helladic culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bronze-age culture of mainland Greece that flourished 2500-1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indus civilization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bronze-age culture of the Indus valley that flourished from about 2600-1750 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minoan civilization", + "Minoan civilisation", + "Minoan culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bronze-age culture of Crete that flourished 3000-1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycladic civilization", + "Cycladic civilisation", + "Cycladic culture", + "Cyclades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Bronze Age civilization on the Cyclades islands in the southern Aegean Sea that flourished 3000-1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycenaean civilization", + "Mycenaean civilisation", + "Mycenaean culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the late bronze-age culture of Mycenae that flourished 1400-1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleo-American culture", + "Paleo-Amerind culture", + "Paleo-Indian culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prehistoric culture of the earliest human inhabitants of North America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clovis culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Paleo-American culture of Central America and North America; distinguished chiefly by sharp fluted projectile points made of obsidian or chalcedony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Folsom culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Paleo-American culture of Central America and North America; distinguished chiefly by a thin finely made flint projectile point having the shape of a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western culture", + "Western civilization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern culture of western Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychedelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the subculture of users of psychedelic drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rastafari", + "Rastas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Jamaica) a Black youth subculture and religious movement that arose in the ghettos of Kingston, Jamaica, in the 1950s; males grow hair in long dreadlocks and wear woolen caps; use marijuana and listen to reggae music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet" + ], + "it": [ + "armata", + "flotta armata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of warships organized as a tactical unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fleet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish Armada", + "Invincible Armada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle fleet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleet of warships prepared for battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet" + ], + "it": [ + "flotta", + "flotta navale", + "naviglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of steamships operating together under the same ownership" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di navi civili o militari appartenenti a una compagnia di navigazione o a uno stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet" + ], + "it": [ + "flotta", + "flotta auto", + "parco macchine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of motor vehicles operating together under the same ownership" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di autoveicoli appartenenti ad una azienda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor pool" + ], + "it": [ + "autocentro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fleet of military vehicles controlled by a single agency and available for use as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet" + ], + "it": [ + "flotta aerea", + "flotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di arei civili o militari appartenenti a una compagnia aerea o a una nazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliance", + "coalition", + "alignment", + "alinement" + ], + "it": [ + "alleanza", + "coalizione", + "schieramento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of people (or countries) involved in a pact or treaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonalignment", + "nonalinement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people (or countries) who are not aligned with other people (or countries) in a pact or treaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popular front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leftist coalition organized against a common opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world organization", + "world organisation", + "international organization", + "international organisation", + "global organization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international alliance involving many different countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commonwealth of Independent States", + "CIS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alliance made up of states that had been Soviet Socialist Republics in the Soviet Union prior to its dissolution in Dec 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations", + "UN" + ], + "it": [ + "N.U.", + "Nazioni Unite", + "O.N.U.", + "Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliberative assembly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assembly of people for the purpose of unhurried consideration and discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "General Assembly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme deliberative assembly of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Secretariat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administrative arm of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Security Council", + "SC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent council of the United Nations; responsible for preserving world peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trusteeship Council", + "TC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent council of the United Nations that commissions a country (or countries) to undertake the administration of a territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic and Social Council", + "ECOSOC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent council of the United Nations; responsible for economic and social conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic and Social Council commission", + "ECOSOC commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commission on Human Rights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with human rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commission on Narcotic Drugs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with drug traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commission on the Status of Women" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with the status of women in different societies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic Commission for Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development of African nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development of countries in Asia and the Far East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic Commission for Europe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Economic Commission for Latin America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development in Latin America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Population Commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with population control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Social Development Commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with social development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Statistical Commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with statistical data from member nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Court of Justice", + "World Court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations agency", + "UN agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Children's Fund", + "United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund", + "UNICEF" + ], + "it": [ + "Fondo internazionale di emergenza delle Nazioni Unite per l'infanzia", + "U.N.I.C.E.F." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United Nations responsible for programs to aid education and the health of children and mothers in developing countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Food and Agriculture Organization", + "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", + "FAO" + ], + "it": [ + "F.A.O.", + "Food and Agriculture Organization", + "Organizzazione per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with the international organization of food and agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade", + "GATT" + ], + "it": [ + "G.A.T.T.", + "accordo generale sulle tariffe e sul commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United Nations agency created by a multinational treaty to promote trade by the reduction of tariffs and import quotas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Atomic Energy Agency", + "IAEA" + ], + "it": [ + "A.I.E.A.", + "agenzia internazionale per l'energia atomica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with atomic energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Bank for Reconstruction and Development", + "World Bank", + "IBRD" + ], + "it": [ + "banca mondiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Civil Aviation Organization", + "ICAO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with civil aviation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Development Association", + "IDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United Nations affiliated with the World Bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Finance Corporation", + "IFC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United Nations agency that invests directly in companies and guarantees loans to private investors; affiliated with the World Bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Labor Organization", + "International Labour Organization", + "ILO" + ], + "it": [ + "OIL", + "Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with the interests of labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Maritime Organization", + "IMO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with international maritime activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Monetary Fund", + "IMF" + ], + "it": [ + "F.M.I.", + "Fondo Monetario Internazionale", + "Fondo monetario internazionale", + "fmi", + "fondo monetario internazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United Nations agency to promote trade by increasing the exchange stability of the major currencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization", + "UNESCO" + ], + "it": [ + "Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'istruzione la scienza la cultura", + "U.N.E.S.C.O." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United Nations that promotes education and communication and the arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention", + "DCCP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United Nations that promotes drug control and crime prevention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice", + "Centre for International Crime Prevention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations office responsible for crime prevention and criminal justice and law reform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Health Organization", + "WHO" + ], + "it": [ + "O.M.S.", + "Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United Nations agency to coordinate international health activities and to help governments improve health services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Meteorological Organization", + "WMO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Nations agency concerned with the international collection of meteorological data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterling area", + "sterling bloc", + "scheduled territories" + ], + "it": [ + "area della sterlina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group of countries whose currencies are tied to the British pound sterling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confederation", + "confederacy", + "federation" + ], + "it": [ + "confederazione", + "federazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union of political organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federation" + ], + "it": [ + "federazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization formed by merging several groups or parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creek Confederacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American Indian confederacy organized by the Muskogee that dominated the southeastern part of the United States before being removed to Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanseatic League" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas; formed in 1241 and most influential in the 14th century when it included over 100 towns and functioned as an independent political power; the last official assembly was held in 1669" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the union of Greece and Cyprus (which is the goal of a group of Greek Cypriots)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union" + ], + "it": [ + "unione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political unit formed from previously independent people or organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "league" + ], + "it": [ + "associazione", + "federazione", + "lega", + "unione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of states or organizations or individuals for common action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iroquois League", + "League of Iroquois", + "Five Nations", + "Six Nations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a league of Iroquois tribes including originally the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca (the Five Nations); after 1722 they were joined by the Tuscarora (the Six Nations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customs union" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of nations to promote free trade within the union and set common tariffs for nations that are not members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benelux" + ], + "it": [ + "Benelux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customs union comprising Belgium and Netherlands and Luxembourg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ally" + ], + "it": [ + "alleato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caste" + ], + "it": [ + "casta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social class separated from others by distinctions of hereditary rank or profession or wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a hereditary social class among Hindus; stratified according to ritual purity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India; a special characteristic is often the exclusive occupation of its male members (such as barber or potter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) the name for the original social division of Vedic people into four groups (which are subdivided into thousands of jatis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brahman", + "brahmin" + ], + "it": [ + "bramino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest of the four varnas: the priestly or sacerdotal category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rajanya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second highest of the four varnas: the noble or warrior category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaisya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third of the four varnas: the commoners or yeoman farmers or mercantile and professional category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sudra", + "shudra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest of the four varnas: the servants and workers of low status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meeting", + "group meeting" + ], + "it": [ + "adunanza", + "assemblea", + "consesso", + "consulta", + "convegno", + "convocazione", + "meeting", + "riunione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formally arranged gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board meeting", + "committee meeting" + ], + "it": [ + "riunione di consiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting for administrative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious (usually evangelistic) meeting held in a large tent or outdoors and lasting several days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caucus" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "comitato di dirigenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a closed political meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclave" + ], + "it": [ + "riunione segreta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confidential or secret meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conference" + ], + "it": [ + "conferenza", + "congresso", + "convegno", + "simposio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congress" + ], + "it": [ + "congresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of elected or appointed representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congress of Racial Equality", + "CORE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization founded by James Leonard Farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convention" + ], + "it": [ + "congresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large formal assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constitutional Convention" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the convention of United States statesmen who drafted the United States Constitution in 1787" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "council" + ], + "it": [ + "concilio", + "consiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of people for consultation" + ], + "it": [ + "riunione di persone per discutere e deliberare su argomenti di comune interesse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encounter group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of people to develop mutual understanding by freely expressing emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public meeting or assembly for open discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plenum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of a legislative body at which all members are present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapy group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of people for psychotherapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockholders meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting at which the management reports to the stockholders of a company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small collection of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meeting", + "get together" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro", + "riunone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small informal social gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Atlantic Council", + "NAC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council consisting of permanent representatives of all the member countries of NATO; has political authority and powers of decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "council" + ], + "it": [ + "consiglio", + "consulta", + "giunta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body serving in an administrative capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "denominazione di vari organi collegiali pubblici o privati con funzioni generalmente consultive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a municipal body that can pass ordinances and appropriate funds etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council that shares the supreme executive power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panchayat", + "panchayet", + "punchayet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village council in India or southern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privy council" + ], + "it": [ + "gabinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advisory council to a ruler (especially to the British Crown)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divan", + "diwan" + ], + "it": [ + "divano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim council of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "works council" + ], + "it": [ + "consiglio aziendale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chiefly Brit) a council representing employer and employees of a plant or business to discuss working conditions etc; also: a committee representing the workers elected to negotiate with management about grievances and wages etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government of a town by an assembly of the qualified voters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summit", + "summit meeting" + ], + "it": [ + "summit", + "vertice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of heads of governments" + ], + "it": [ + "incontro, riunione fra capi di stato o dirigenti ad alto livello o tra le massime autorità di organizzazioni, enti, partiti, gruppi e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of the inhabitants of a town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) an assembly of theologians and bishops and other representatives of different churches or dioceses that is convened to regulate matters of discipline or doctrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecumenical council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(early Christian church) one of seven gatherings of bishops from around the known world under the presidency of the Pope to regulate matters of faith and morals and discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaea", + "First Council of Nicaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first ecumenical council in 325 which produced the wording of the Nicene Creed and condemned the heresy of Arianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantinople", + "First Council of Constantinople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second ecumenical council in 381 which added wording about the Holy Spirit to the Nicene Creed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephesus", + "Council of Ephesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third ecumenical council in 431 which declared Mary as mother of God and condemned Pelagius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalcedon", + "Council of Chalcedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth ecumenical council in 451 which defined the two natures (human and divine) of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantinople", + "Second Council of Constantinople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth ecumenical council in 553 which held Origen's writings to be heretic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantinople", + "Third Council of Constantinople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth ecumenical council in 680-681 which condemned Monothelitism by defining two wills in Christ, divine and human" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaea", + "Second Council of Nicaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh ecumenical council in 787 which refuted iconoclasm and regulated the veneration of holy images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantinople", + "Fourth Council of Constantinople" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 869 that condemned Photius who had become the patriarch of Constantinople without approval from the Vatican, thereby precipitating the schism between the eastern and western churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of five general councils of the Western Catholic Church that were held in the Lateran Palace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first council of the Western Church held in the Lateran Palace in 1123; focused on church discipline and made plans to recover the Holy Lands from the Muslim `infidels'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second council of the Western Church in 1139 which put an end to the dogmatic errors of Arnold of Brescia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Third Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Lateran Council in 1179 that condemned the heresies of the Albigenses and the Waldenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourth Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Lateran Council in 1215 was the most important council of the Middle Ages; issued a creed against Albigensianism, published reformatory decrees, promulgated the doctrine of transubstantiation, and clarified church doctrine on the Trinity and Incarnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyons", + "First Council of Lyons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council of the Western Church in 1245 that excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and planned a new crusade against the Holy Land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyons", + "Second Council of Lyons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 1274 that effected a temporary reunion of the Greek Orthodox with the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vienne", + "Council of Vienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 1311-1313 that dealt with alleged crimes of the Knights Templar, planned a new crusade, and took on the reformation of the clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constance", + "Council of Constance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 1414-1418 that succeeded in ending the Great Schism in the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 1431-1439 that concentrated on the elimination of heresies and on reforms within the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fifth Lateran Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the council in 1512-1517 that published disciplinary decrees and planned (but did not carry out) a crusade against Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Council of Trent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 to examine and condemn the teachings of Martin Luther and other Protestant reformers; redefined the Roman Catholic doctrine and abolished various ecclesiastical abuses and strengthened the papacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vatican Council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of two councils of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "First Vatican Council", + "Vatican I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Vatican Council in 1869-1870 that proclaimed the infallibility of the pope when speaking ex cathedra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Vatican Council", + "Vatican II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Vatican Council in 1962-1965 that abandoned the universal Latin liturgy and acknowledged ecumenism and made other reforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Continental Congress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution; they issued the Declaration of Independence and framed Articles of Confederation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congress" + ], + "it": [ + "congresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national legislative assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet" + ], + "it": [ + "dieta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Japan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deliberative or legislative or administrative or judicial assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber of commerce" + ], + "it": [ + "Camera del commercio", + "Camera di commercio", + "camera di commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of businessmen to protect and promote business interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parliament" + ], + "it": [ + "parlamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative assembly in certain countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Parliament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dail Eireann", + "Dail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower house of the parliament of the Irish Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knesset", + "Knesseth" + ], + "it": [ + "Knesset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Israeli unicameral parliament" + ], + "it": [ + "il parlamento dello stato di Israele" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oireachtas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parliament of the Irish Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seanad Eireann", + "Seanad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper house of the parliament of the Irish Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics in the former USSR" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soviet" + ], + "it": [ + "soviet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected governmental council in a communist country (especially one that is a member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine Liberation Organization", + "PLO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political movement uniting Palestinian Arabs in an effort to create an independent state of Palestine; when formed in 1964 it was a terrorist organization dominated by Yasser Arafat's al-Fatah; in 1968 Arafat became chairman; received recognition by the United Nations and by Arab states in 1974 as a government in exile; has played a largely political role since the creation of the Palestine National Authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine National Authority", + "Palestinian National Authority", + "Palestine Authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combines the Gaza Strip and the West Bank under a political unit with limited autonomy and a police force; created in 1993 by an agreement between Israel and the PLO" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinn Fein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Irish republican political movement founded in 1905 to promote independence from England and unification of Ireland; became the political branch of the Irish Republican Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical political movement by Chinese youths who espoused Maoist principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical political movement that advocates bringing industry and government under the control of labor unions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council at which indigenous peoples of southern Africa meet to discuss some important question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jirga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Pashto term for a decision making assembly of male elders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loya Jirga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grand council or grand assembly used to resolve political conflicts or other national problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powwow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council of or with Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synod" + ], + "it": [ + "sinodo", + "concilio ecumenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council convened to discuss ecclesiastical business" + ], + "it": [ + "riunione di tutti i vescovi cristiani per discutere questioni dottrinali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a council with representatives from different nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue ribbon commission", + "blue ribbon committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent and exclusive commission of nonpartisan statesmen and experts formed to investigate some important governmental issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board" + ], + "it": [ + "censura", + "collegio", + "commissione", + "consiglio", + "comitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee having supervisory powers" + ], + "it": [ + "un comitato di supervisione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal board", + "appeals board", + "board of appeals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board of officials that are not judicial but are appointed to hear appeals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board of selectmen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board of officials elected to administer the public business of a New England town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board of regents" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee of university officers who have general supervision over the welfare and conduct of students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board of trustees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a governing board elected or appointed to direct the policies of an educational institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Reserve Board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seven-member board governing the Federal Reserve System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governing board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board that manages the affairs of an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretariat", + "secretariate" + ], + "it": [ + "segreteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit responsible for maintaining records and other secretarial duties; especially for international organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committee", + "commission" + ], + "it": [ + "comitato", + "commissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special group delegated to consider some matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "election commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission delegated to supervise an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairness commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission delegated to ensure opportunities for the expression of opposing views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planning commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission delegated to propose plans for future activities and developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission with jurisdiction over fisheries and navigation in a port or river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committee", + "citizens committee" + ], + "it": [ + "comitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-constituted organization to promote something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "select committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parliamentary committee appointed for some special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcommittee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subset of committee members organized for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigilance committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volunteer committee to maintain order where an efficient legal system does not exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcoming committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee to welcome new residents to a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing committee" + ], + "it": [ + "commissione permanente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ways and Means Committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent committee of the United States House of Representatives that makes recommendations to the US House on all bills that would raise revenue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steering committee" + ], + "it": [ + "comitato direttivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee to arrange the order of business for some larger (legislative) body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethics committee", + "ethics panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee appointed to consider ethical issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance committee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee appointed to consider financial issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief executive and political committee of the Communist Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political action committee", + "PAC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "committee formed by a special-interest group to raise money for their favorite political candidates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presidium", + "praesidium" + ], + "it": [ + "presidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent executive committee in socialist countries that has all the powers of some larger legislative body and that acts for it when it is not in session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symposium" + ], + "it": [ + "simposio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting or conference for the public discussion of some topic especially one in which the participants form an audience and make presentations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any meeting for an exchange of ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colloquium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an academic meeting or seminar usually led by a different lecturer and on a different topic at each meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potsdam Conference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference held in Potsdam in the summer of 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill drew up plans for the administration of Germany and Poland after World War II ended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yalta Conference" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conference held in Yalta in February 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill planned the final stages of World War II and agreed to the territorial division of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research colloquium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colloquium at which the results of (scientific) research are reported" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magistrate or judge or judges sitting in court in judicial capacity to compose the court collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of officers who patrol the borders of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patrol of officers who police a harbor area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group that goes through a region at regular intervals for the purpose of security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "royal court" + ], + "it": [ + "corte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court", + "tribunal", + "judicature" + ], + "it": [ + "corte", + "tribunale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appellate court", + "appeals court", + "court of appeals" + ], + "it": [ + "corte d'appello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court whose jurisdiction is to review decisions of lower courts or agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit court of appeals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the twelve federal United States courts of appeals that cover a group of states known as a `circuit'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appeals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assizes", + "court of assize", + "court of assize and nisi prius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the county courts of England (replaced in 1971 by Crown courts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancery", + "court of chancery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court with jurisdiction in equity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consistory" + ], + "it": [ + "concistorio", + "concistoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church tribunal or governing body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court having jurisdiction over criminal cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumhead court-martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military court convened to hear urgent charges of offenses committed in action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court-martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military court to try members of the armed services who are accused of serious breaches of martial law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special court-martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court-martial to try soldiers for offenses less serious that than those committed in action; consists of at least three officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divorce court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court having jurisdiction over the termination of marriage contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family court", + "domestic relations court", + "court of domestic relations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court in some states in the United States that has jurisdiction over family disputes (especially those involving children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court establish by the authority of a federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court", + "F.I.S.C." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret federal court created in 1978 by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; responsible for authorizing wiretaps and other forms of electronic surveillance and for authorizing searches of suspected spies and terrorists by the Department of Justice or United States intelligence agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior court", + "lower court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any court whose decisions can be appealed to a higher court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inquisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church (1232-1820) created to discover and suppress heresy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish Inquisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquisition initiated in 1478 by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella that guarded the orthodoxy of Catholicism in Spain (especially from the 15th to the 17th centuries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Inquisition", + "Congregation of the Inquisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inquisition set up in Italy in 1542 to curb the number of Protestants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juvenile court" + ], + "it": [ + "tribunale dei minori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court having jurisdiction over dependent and delinquent children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kangaroo court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irregular unauthorized court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judicial court of commissioned officers for the discipline and punishment of military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moot court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mock court where law students argue hypothetical cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal court (in large cities) that sits at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Bailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central criminal court in London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provost court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military court for trying people charged with minor offenses in an occupied area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court that has power to prosecute for minor offenses and to bind over for trial in a superior court anyone accused of serious offenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probate court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court having jurisdiction over the probate of wills and the administration of estates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter sessions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local court with criminal jurisdiction and sometimes administrative functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rota" + ], + "it": [ + "Rota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the supreme ecclesiastical tribunal for cases appealed to the Holy See from diocesan courts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Star Chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former English court that became notorious for its arbitrary methods and severe punishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any court that has jurisdiction above an inferior court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Supreme Court", + "Supreme Court of the United States", + "United States Supreme Court" + ], + "it": [ + "Corte Suprema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest federal court in the United States; has final appellate jurisdiction and has jurisdiction over all other courts in the nation" + ], + "it": [ + "[the highest federal court in the US", + "has final appellate jurisdiction and has jurisdiction over all other courts in the nation]" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supreme court", + "state supreme court", + "high court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest court in most states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a court that has power to prosecute for traffic offenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first court before which the facts of a case are decided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repertoire", + "repertory" + ], + "it": [ + "repertorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of works (plays, songs, operas, ballets) that an artist or company can perform and do perform for short intervals on a regular schedule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repertory", + "repertoire" + ], + "it": [ + "repertorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of legislators that serve in behalf of some constituency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agency", + "federal agency", + "government agency", + "bureau", + "office", + "authority" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia", + "ufficio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit of government" + ], + "it": [ + "nella contabilita' di stato, qualsiasi unita' dell'amministrazione pubblica che gestisce fondi, come ad esempio un ministero, una commissione, un ente e simili." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "independent agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United States government that is created by an act of Congress and is independent of the executive departments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence", + "intelligence service", + "intelligence agency" + ], + "it": [ + "servizi segreti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit responsible for gathering and interpreting information about an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military intelligence", + "military intelligence agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the armed forces that obtains and analyzes and uses information of strategic or tactical military value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States intelligence agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence service in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Intelligence Community", + "National Intelligence Community", + "United States Intelligence Community", + "IC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of government agencies and organizations that carry out intelligence activities for the United States government; headed by the Director of Central Intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Advanced Research and Development Activity", + "ARDA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Intelligence Community that conducts advanced research and development related to information technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Intelligence Agency", + "DIA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence agency of the United States in the Department of Defense; is responsible for providing intelligence in support of military planning and operations and weapons acquisition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Logistics Agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logistics combat support agency in the Department of Defense; provides worldwide support for military missions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service", + "DRMS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization in the Defense Logistics Agency that inventories and evaluates and sells reusable United States government surplus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Technical Information Center", + "DTIC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency in the Department of Defense that provides scientific and technical information to federal agencies and their contractors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international intelligence agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence agency outside the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian Security Intelligence Service", + "CSIS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canada's main foreign intelligence agency that gathers and analyzes information to provide security intelligence for the Canadian government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Intelligence Machinery", + "CIM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United Kingdom's central unit for the tasking and coordination and funding of intelligence and security agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communications Security Establishment", + "CSE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian agency that gathers communications intelligence and assist law enforcement and security agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Criminal Intelligence Services of Canada", + "CISC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Canadian government that unifies the intelligence units of Canadian law enforcement agencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Department of Justice Canada", + "DoJC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Canadian government that provides litigation and legal advice and opinions to the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence", + "Inter-Services Intelligence", + "ISI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Pakistan intelligence agency; a powerful and almost autonomous political and military force; has procured nuclear technology and delivery capabilities; has had strong ties with the Taliban and other militant Islamic groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foreign Intelligence Service", + "Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki", + "SVR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russia's intelligence service responsible for foreign operations, intelligence-gathering and analysis, and the exchange of intelligence information; collaborates with other countries to oppose proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism and organized crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Relations and Security Network", + "ISN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Switzerland's information network for security and defense studies and for peace and conflict research and for international relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international law enforcement agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international administrative unit responsible for law enforcement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Interpol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international intelligence agency permitting collaboration among intelligence agencies around the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi Intelligence Service", + "IIS", + "Iraqi Mukhabarat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most notorious and possibly the most important arm of Iraq's security system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Republican Guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly Iraq's elite military unit whose primary role was to protect the government in Baghdad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haganah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clandestine military wing of the Jewish leadership during the British rule over the mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948; became the basis for the Israeli defense force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israeli Defense Force", + "IDF" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ground and air and naval forces of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sayeret Matkal", + "Sayeret Mat'kal", + "sayeret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israel's elite secret commando unit responsible for counterterrorist and top secret intelligence gathering and hostage rescue missions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Special Air Service", + "SAS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist regiment of the British army that is trained in commando techniques of warfare and used in clandestine operations (especially against terrorist groups)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A'man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Israeli military intelligence which produces comprehensive national intelligence briefings for the prime minister and the cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mossad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Israeli foreign intelligence agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secret Intelligence Service", + "MI", + "Military Intelligence Section 6" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government agency in the United Kingdom that is responsible for internal security and counterintelligence overseas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Security Intelligence Review Committee", + "SIRC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the Canadian government that oversees the activities of the Criminal Intelligence Services of Canada and has the power to intrude on the privacy of suspected terrorists or spies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Security Service", + "MI", + "Military Intelligence Section 5" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government agency in the United Kingdom that is responsible for internal security and counterintelligence on British territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shin Bet", + "General Security Services" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Israeli domestic counterintelligence and internal security agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Reconnaissance Office", + "NRO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligence agency in the United States Department of Defense that designs and builds and operates space reconnaissance systems to detect trouble spots worldwide and to monitor arms control agreements and environmental issues and to help plan military operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Security Agency", + "NSA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States cryptologic organization that coordinates and directs highly specialized activities to protect United States information systems and to produce foreign intelligence information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Secret Service", + "US Secret Service", + "USSS", + "Secret Service", + "SS" + ], + "it": [ + "servizio segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States intelligence agency that protects current and former presidents and vice presidents and their immediate families and protects distinguished foreign visitors; detects and apprehends counterfeiters; suppresses forgery of government securities and documents" + ], + "it": [ + "polizia segreta con compiti di difesa dello stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law enforcement agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency responsible for insuring obedience to the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occupational Safety and Health Administration", + "OSHA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government agency or instrument devoted to the performance of some specific function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiralty" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiragliato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the department in charge of the navy (as in Great Britain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patent and Trademark Office Database", + "Patent Office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the government bureau in the Department of Commerce that keeps a record of patents and trademarks and grants new ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "central bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banca centrale", + "istituto di emissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government monetary authority that issues currency and regulates the supply of credit and holds the reserves of other banks and sells new issues of securities for the government" + ], + "it": [ + "organo che stampa moneta legale e controlla l'offerta di moneta e il credito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European Central Bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central bank of those members of the European Union who share a common currency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Reserve System", + "Federal Reserve", + "Fed", + "FRS" + ], + "it": [ + "Federal Reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central bank of the United States; incorporates 12 Federal Reserve branch banks and all national banks and state-chartered commercial banks and some trust companies" + ], + "it": [ + "banca centrale degli U.S.A." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Reserve Bank", + "reserve bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 12 regional banks that monitor and act as depositories for banks in their region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Trade Commission", + "FTC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States federal government that maintains fair and free competition; enforces federal antitrust laws; educates the public about identity theft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Office of Inspector General", + "OIG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the investigative arm of the Federal Trade Commission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "General Services Administration", + "GSA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central management agency that sets Federal policy for Federal procurement and real property management and information resources management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Protective Service", + "FPS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the General Services Administration that is a security organization to provide a safe environment where Federal agencies can conduct their business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bank of England" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central bank of England and Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bundesbank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central bank of Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bank of Japan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central bank of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i80999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office", + "office staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "professional or clerical workers in an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of associated research workers in a university or library or laboratory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those in a business who are responsible for sales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those in an organization responsible for preventing spying or theft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service staff", + "maintenance staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those in a business responsible for maintaining the physical plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Small Business Administration", + "SBA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent agency of the United States government that protects the interests of small businesses and ensures that they receive a fair share of government contracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redevelopment authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public administrative unit given responsibility for the renovation of blighted urban areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulatory agency", + "regulatory authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a governmental agency that regulates businesses in the public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selective Service", + "Selective Service System", + "SSS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency that administers compulsory military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather bureau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit responsible for gathering and interpreting meteorological data for weather study and forecasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertising agency", + "ad agency" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia di pubblicità", + "agenzia pubblicitaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that designs advertisement to call public attention to its clients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit bureau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private firm that maintains consumer credit data files and provides credit information to authorized users for a fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detective agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that makes inquiries for its clients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment agency", + "employment office" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia di collocamento", + "ufficio di collocamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that finds people to fill particular jobs or finds jobs for unemployed people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placement office", + "placement center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an office that finds suitable employment for applicants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiring hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union-operated placement office where jobs are allotted to applicants according to seniority or rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercantile agency", + "commercial agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization that provides businesses with credit ratings of other firms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "news agency", + "press agency", + "wire service", + "press association", + "news organization", + "news organisation" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia di stampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency to collects news reports for newspapers and distributes it electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a news agency that sells features or articles or photographs etc. to newspapers for simultaneous publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service agency", + "service bureau", + "service firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business that makes its facilities available to others for a fee; achieves economy of scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel agency" + ], + "it": [ + "agenzia di viaggi", + "agenzia viaggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency that arranges personal travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States government", + "United States", + "U.S. government", + "US Government", + "U.S." + ], + "it": [ + "Stati Uniti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive branch", + "Executive Office of the President" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislative branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the United States government that has the power of legislating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Government Printing Office", + "US Government Printing Office", + "Government Printing Office", + "GPO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the legislative branch that provides printing and binding services for Congress and the departments and establishments of the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judicial branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of the United States government responsible for the administration of justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capital", + "Washington" + ], + "it": [ + "Campidoglio", + "Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal government of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "government workers; usually hired on the basis of competitive examinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitehall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British civil service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county council" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elected governing body of a county" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic service", + "diplomatic corps", + "corps diplomatique" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo diplomatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of diplomatic personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government officials", + "officialdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people elected or appointed to administer a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quorum" + ], + "it": [ + "quorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of the minimal number of members of an organization to conduct business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quorum required by Jewish law to be present for public worship (at least ten males over thirteen years of age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally", + "mass meeting" + ], + "it": [ + "adunata popolare", + "comizio", + "riunione generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pep rally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rally (especially of students) before a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell", + "cadre" + ], + "it": [ + "cellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of sleepers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorist cell", + "radical cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell of terrorists (usually 3 to 5 members)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operational cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist cell that performs clandestine activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist cell whose members are trained to perform reconnaissance and surveillance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auxiliary cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist cell responsible for logistics; usually large and less compartmentalized than other terrorist cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth column", + "Trojan horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subversive group that supports the enemy and engages in espionage or sabotage; an enemy in your midst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political unit", + "political entity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unit with political responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphictyony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of neighboring states or tribes in ancient Greece; established originally to defend a common religious center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunatic fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political unit with extreme and fanatical views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionary group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political unit organized to promote revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underground", + "resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret group organized to overthrow a government or occupation force" + ], + "it": [ + "qualunque movimento di opposizione, specialmente armata, contro situazioni di oppressione politica o religiosa, contro regimi dittatoriali o contro invasori stranieri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maquis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French underground that fought against the German occupation in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autocracy", + "autarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "assolutismo", + "autarchia", + "autocrazia", + "dittatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system governed by a single individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional system of government (usually with a written constitution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democracy", + "republic", + "commonwealth" + ], + "it": [ + "repubblica", + "democrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diarchy", + "dyarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "diarchia", + "duopolio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of government having two joint rulers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerontocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system governed by old men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynecocracy", + "gynarchy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system governed by a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hegemony" + ], + "it": [ + "egemonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dominance or leadership of one social group or nation over others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobocracy", + "ochlocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system in which a mob is the source of control; government by the masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "oligarchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system governed by a few people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plutocracy" + ], + "it": [ + "plutocrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political system governed by the wealthy people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technocracy" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnocrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of government in which scientists and technical experts are in control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political unit governed by a deity (or by officials thought to be divinely guided)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierocracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruling body composed of clergy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parliamentary democracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a democracy having a parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "monarchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parliamentary monarchy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy having a parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalism", + "capitalist economy" + ], + "it": [ + "capitalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system based on private ownership of capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture capitalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capitalism that invests in innovative enterprises (especially high technology) where the potential profits are large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hidden sector of the economy where private cash transactions go unreported" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrialism" + ], + "it": [ + "industrialismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system built on large industries rather than on agriculture or craftsmanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market economy", + "free enterprise", + "private enterprise", + "laissez-faire economy" + ], + "it": [ + "economia di mercato", + "liberalismo economico", + "liberismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system that combines private and state enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-market economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economy that is not a market economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state capitalism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system that is primarily capitalistic but there is some degree of government ownership of the means of production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state socialism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system in which the government owns most means of production but some degree of private capitalism is allowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communism" + ], + "it": [ + "comunismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several international socialist organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialism", + "socialist economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system based on state ownership of capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazism", + "Naziism", + "national socialism" + ], + "it": [ + "hitlerismo", + "nazionalsocialismo", + "nazismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of socialism featuring racism and expansionism and obedience to a strong leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Spanish Nazi party under Franco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economy", + "economic system" + ], + "it": [ + "economia", + "sistema economico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system of production and distribution and consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "managed economy" + ], + "it": [ + "economia pianificata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a non-market economy in which government intervention is important in allocating goods and resources and determining prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercantilism", + "mercantile system" + ], + "it": [ + "mercantilismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economic system (Europe in 18th century) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communist economy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the managed economy of a communist state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social organization in which diversity of racial or religious or ethnic or cultural groups is tolerated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political system", + "form of government" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the members of a social organization who are in power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolshevism", + "collectivism", + "sovietism" + ], + "it": [ + "Bolscevismo", + "bolscevismo", + "leninismo", + "marxismo", + "marxismo-leninismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet communism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revisionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate evolutionary form of Marxism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revisionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any dangerous departure from the teachings of Marx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecosystem" + ], + "it": [ + "biogeocenosi", + "biosistema", + "ecosistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation" + ], + "it": [ + "generazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posterity" + ], + "it": [ + "posteri", + "posterità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all future generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descendants", + "posterity" + ], + "it": [ + "discendenza", + "stirpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all of the offspring of a given progenitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coevals", + "contemporaries", + "generation" + ], + "it": [ + "coetaneo", + "generazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat generation", + "beats", + "beatniks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States youth subculture of the 1950s; rejected possessions or regular work or traditional dress; for communal living and psychedelic drugs and anarchism; favored modern forms of jazz (e.g., bebop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beatles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock group from Liverpool who between 1962 and 1970 produced a variety of hit songs and albums (most of them written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teddy boys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British youth subculture that first appeared in the 1950s; mainly from unskilled backgrounds, they adopted a pseudo-Edwardian dress code and rock'n'roll music; proletarian and xenophobic, they were involved in race riots in the United Kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youth subculture closely associated with punk rock music in the late 1970s; in part a reaction to the hippy subculture; dress was optional but intended to shock (plastic garbage bags or old school uniforms) and hair was dyed in bright colors (in Mohican haircuts or sometimes spiked in bright plumes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rockers", + "bikers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally a British youth subculture that evolved out of the teddy boys in the 1960s; wore black leather jackets and jeans and boots; had greased hair and rode motorcycles and listened to rock'n'roll; were largely unskilled manual laborers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinheads", + "bootboys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youth subculture that appeared first in England in the late 1960s as a working-class reaction to the hippies; hair was cropped close to the scalp; wore work-shirts and short jeans (supported by suspenders) and heavy red boots; involved in attacks against Asians and football hooliganism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youth subculture that began in London in the early 1960s; a working-class movement with highly stylized dress and short hair; listened to rhythm and blues music and travelled on motor scooters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby boom", + "baby-boom generation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larger than expected generation in United States born shortly after World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generation X", + "gen X" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the generation following the baby boom (especially Americans and Canadians born in the 1960s and 1970s)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peer group" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "gruppo di coetanei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contemporaries of the same status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moiety" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two basic subdivisions of a tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribe", + "folk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social division of (usually preliterate) people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clan or tribe identified by their kinship to a common totemic object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tableau", + "tableau vivant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people attractively arranged (as if in a painting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tribes of Israel", + "Twelve Tribes of Israel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twelve kin groups of ancient Israel each traditionally descended from one of the twelve sons of Jacob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lost Tribes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ten Tribes of Israel that were deported into captivity in Assyria around 720 BC (leaving only the tribes of Judah and Benjamin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the arrangement of veins in a leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the arrangement of young leaves in a leaf bud before it opens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ], + "it": [ + "combinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of numbers or letters that opens a combination lock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coordinated sequence of chess moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fibonacci sequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequence of numbers in which each number equals the sum of the two preceding numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tribe of ancient Athenians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colony", + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "colonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontier settlement", + "outpost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settlement on the frontier of civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newly established colony (especially in the colonization of North America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprietary colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a colony given to a proprietor to govern (in 17th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonwealth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a world organization of autonomous states that are united in allegiance to a central power but are not subordinate to it or to one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commune" + ], + "it": [ + "comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people or families living together and sharing everything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobby", + "pressure group", + "third house" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo di pressione", + "lobby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people who try actively to influence legislation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Rifle Association", + "NRA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful lobby that advocates the right to own and bear arms and rejects any gun regulation by the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people who support some common cause or business or principle or sectional interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarchy", + "power structure", + "pecking order" + ], + "it": [ + "gerarchia", + "ordine gerarchico", + "gerarchia di poteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain", + "concatenation" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of things depending on each other as if linked together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of connected ideas or passages or objects so arranged that each member is closely related to the preceding and following members (especially a series of patristic comments elucidating Christian dogma)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) a series of associated things or people or experiences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of sentinels or of military posts enclosing or guarding some place or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course", + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connected series of events or actions or developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of poems or songs on the same theme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromotive series", + "electromotive force series", + "electrochemical series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarchy" + ], + "it": [ + "gerarchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial hierarchy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collective body of angels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data hierarchy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of data consisting of sets and subsets such that every subset of a set is of lower rank than the set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxonomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organization of classes within a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caste system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social organization", + "social organisation", + "social structure", + "social system", + "structure" + ], + "it": [ + "edificio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racial segregation" + ], + "it": [ + "apartheid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "segregation by race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petty apartheid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "racial segregation enforced primarily in public transportation and hotels and restaurants and other public places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de facto segregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "segregation (especially in schools) that happens in fact although not required by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de jure segregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "segregation that is imposed by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purdah", + "sex segregation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the traditional Hindu or Muslim system of keeping women secluded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulema", + "ulama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of Mullahs (Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law) who are the interpreters of Islam's sciences and doctrines and laws and the chief guarantors of continuity in the spiritual and intellectual history of the Islamic community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregation", + "separatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social system that provides separate facilities for minority groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white separatism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social system in which white people live separately from members of other races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "directorate", + "board of directors" + ], + "it": [ + "c.d.a.", + "cda", + "consiglio di amministrazione", + "consiglio di direzione", + "consiglio direttivo", + "direttorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of persons chosen to govern the affairs of a corporation or other large institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staggered board of directors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board of directors a portion of whose members are elected each year instead of all members being elected annually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management" + ], + "it": [ + "direzione", + "dirigenza", + "gestione", + "management" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those in charge of running a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the management of a gambling house or casino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leadership", + "leaders" + ], + "it": [ + "direttivo", + "direzione", + "dirigenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of people who lead a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advisory board", + "planning board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board appointed to advise the chief administrator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet" + ], + "it": [ + "Consiglio dei Ministri", + "gabinetto", + "ministero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persons appointed by a head of state to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers" + ], + "it": [ + "organismo istituzionale che esercita il potere esecutivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Cabinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior ministers of the British government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow cabinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of senior members of the political party that is out of power; these members would probably assume corresponding positions as ministers in the British Cabinet if their party was elected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Cabinet", + "US Cabinet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board to advise the President; members are the secretaries of executive departments; the United States constitution does not provide for the cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board to select personnel for involuntary military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kashag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the advisory board of the Tibetan government-in-exile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company whose capital is represented by stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint-stock company" + ], + "it": [ + "società di capitali", + "società per azioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company (usually unincorporated) which has the capital of its members pooled in a common fund; transferable shares represent ownership interest; shareholders are legally liable for all debts of the company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed corporation", + "close corporation", + "private corporation", + "privately held corporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation owned by a few people; shares have no public market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family business" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation that is entirely owned by the members of a single family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closely held corporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock is publicly traded but most is held by a few shareholders who have no plans to sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell corporation", + "shell entity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that is incorporated but has no assets or operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation", + "FDIC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federally sponsored corporation that insures accounts in national banks and other qualified institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation", + "Freddie Mac", + "FHLMC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation authorized by Congress to provide a secondary market for residential mortgages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal National Mortgage Association", + "Fannie Mae", + "FNMA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federally chartered corporation that purchases mortgages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret unauthorized meeting for religious worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date", + "appointment", + "engagement" + ], + "it": [ + "appuntamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting arranged in advance" + ], + "it": [ + "un incontro stabilito in anticipo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ], + "it": [ + "visita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting arranged by the visitor to see someone (such as a doctor or lawyer) for treatment or advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a date with a stranger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a date in which two couples participate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tryst", + "rendezvous" + ], + "it": [ + "appuntamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a date; usually with a member of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luncheon meeting", + "lunch meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting for lunch; usually to conduct business while eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power breakfast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of influential people to conduct business while eating breakfast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revival", + "revival meeting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evangelistic meeting intended to reawaken interest in religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argosy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one or more large merchant ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper class", + "upper crust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class occupying the highest position in the social hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elite", + "elite group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social or economic status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chosen", + "elect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exclusive group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "crema", + "fiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the best people or things in a group" + ], + "it": [ + "parte migliore di un gruppo di persone o cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentry", + "aristocracy" + ], + "it": [ + "aristocrazia", + "nobiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most powerful members of a society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligentsia", + "clerisy" + ], + "it": [ + "intellettualità", + "intellighenzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educated and intellectual elite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culturati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people interested in culture and cultural activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the literary intelligentsia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landed gentry", + "squirearchy" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietari terrieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gentry who own land (considered as a class)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruling class", + "people in power" + ], + "it": [ + "padronato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the class of people exerting power or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "society", + "high society", + "beau monde", + "smart set", + "bon ton" + ], + "it": [ + "alta società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fashionable elite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "few" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small elite group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nobility", + "aristocracy" + ], + "it": [ + "aristocrazia", + "nobiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a privileged class holding hereditary titles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noblesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of the nobility (especially of the French nobility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peerage", + "baronage" + ], + "it": [ + "nobiltà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peers of a kingdom considered as a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronetage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collective body of baronets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knighthood" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalierato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aristocrats holding the rank of knight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samurai" + ], + "it": [ + "samurai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feudal Japanese military aristocracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of 14th century Japanese who were trained in martial arts and were hired for espionage and assassinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artillery", + "artillery unit" + ], + "it": [ + "artiglieria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit that uses big guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musketry" + ], + "it": [ + "moschetteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "musketeers and their muskets collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battery" + ], + "it": [ + "batteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalry" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly mobile army unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse cavalry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit mounted on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanized cavalry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armored unit of a modern army equipped with motor vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infantry", + "foot" + ], + "it": [ + "fanteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army unit consisting of soldiers who fight on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paratroops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infantry trained and equipped to parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militia", + "reserves" + ], + "it": [ + "milizia", + "milizie irregolari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire body of physically fit civilians eligible by law for military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volunteer unit formed to defend the homeland while the regular army is fighting elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorial", + "territorial reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territorial military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Guard", + "home reserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States military reserves recruited by the states and equipped by the federal government; subject to call by either" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Guard Bureau", + "NGB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agency that administers the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard; provides liaison between the Army and the Air Force and various National Guard units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Territorial Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British unit of nonprofessional soldiers organized for the defense of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorist organization", + "terrorist group", + "foreign terrorist organization", + "FTO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political movement that uses terror as a weapon to achieve its goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standing army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent army of paid soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Union Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northern army during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confederate Army", + "Army of the Confederacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern army during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Continental Army" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the American army during the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Army", + "US Army", + "U. S. Army", + "Army", + "USA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Army Rangers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specially trained elite unit of the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Military Academy", + "US Military Academy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for training men and women to become officers in the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Army Intelligence", + "AI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency of the United States Army responsible for providing timely and relevant and accurate and synchronized intelligence to tactical and operational and strategic level commanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ballistic Missile Defense Organization", + "BMDO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Defense that is responsible for making ballistic missile defense a reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defense Information Systems Agency", + "DISA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combat support agency in the Department of Defense responsible for developing and operating and supporting information systems to serve the needs of the President and the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency", + "NGA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combat support agency that provides geographic intelligence in support of national security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casualty Care Research Center", + "CCRC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency in the Department of Defense that is a national center for research on all aspects of injury control and casualty care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Army National Guard", + "ARNG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civilian reserve component of the United States Army comprised of guardsmen who serve during overseas peacekeeping missions and during local emergencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military personnel", + "soldiery", + "troops" + ], + "it": [ + "truppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soldiers collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friendly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "troops belonging to or allied with your own military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "troops belonging to the enemy's military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalry", + "horse cavalry", + "horse" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "troops trained to fight on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrison" + ], + "it": [ + "guarnimento", + "guarnigione", + "presidio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the troops who maintain and guard a fortified place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank and file", + "rank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ordinary members of an organization (such as the enlisted soldiers of an army)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assembly of witches; usually 13 witches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabbat", + "witches' Sabbath" + ], + "it": [ + "sabba", + "tregenda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midnight meeting of witches to practice witchcraft and sorcery; in the Middle Ages it was supposed to be a demonic orgy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assortment", + "mixture", + "mixed bag", + "miscellany", + "miscellanea", + "variety", + "salmagundi", + "smorgasbord", + "potpourri", + "motley" + ], + "it": [ + "assortimento", + "varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection containing a variety of sorts of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assortment of miscellaneous items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witches' brew", + "witches' broth", + "witch's brew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fearsome mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range" + ], + "it": [ + "varietà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of different things or activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assortment of things from which a choice can be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odds and ends", + "oddments", + "melange", + "farrago", + "ragbag", + "mishmash", + "mingle-mangle", + "hodgepodge", + "hotchpotch", + "gallimaufry", + "omnium-gatherum" + ], + "it": [ + "accozzaglia", + "caldarone", + "calderone", + "carabattole", + "cianfrusaglie", + "farragine", + "insalata", + "melange", + "minutaglia", + "miscuglio", + "mosaico", + "musaico", + "oggetti vari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motley assortment of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabet soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confusing assortment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolata", + "figliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batch", + "clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of things or persons to be handled together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schmeer", + "schmear", + "shmear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a batch of things that go together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batch" + ], + "it": [ + "infornata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the loaves of bread baked at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a number of birds hatched at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "membership", + "rank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of members of an organization or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch", + "subdivision", + "arm" + ], + "it": [ + "filiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of some larger or more complex organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clientele", + "patronage", + "business" + ], + "it": [ + "clientela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "customers collectively" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme dei clienti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank and file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who constitute the main body of any group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabble", + "riffraff", + "ragtag", + "ragtag and bobtail" + ], + "it": [ + "canaglia", + "ciurmaglia", + "gentaglia", + "maramaglia", + "marmaglia", + "plebaglia", + "plebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disparaging terms for the common people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smart money" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are highly experienced or who have inside information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trash", + "scum" + ], + "it": [ + "immondizia", + "lordura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worthless people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group gathered in response to a summons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alma mater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your alma mater is a school you graduated from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deputation", + "commission", + "delegation", + "delegacy", + "mission" + ], + "it": [ + "delegazione", + "deputazione", + "missione", + "rappresentanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of representatives or delegates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomatic mission" + ], + "it": [ + "ambasceria", + "legazione", + "nunciatura", + "nunziatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mission serving diplomatic ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embassy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambassador and his entourage collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "High Commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embassy of one British Commonwealth country to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legation", + "foreign mission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent diplomatic mission headed by a minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mission", + "missionary post", + "missionary station", + "foreign mission" + ], + "it": [ + "missione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press corps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of journalists representing different publications who all cover the same topics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupational group", + "vocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people doing the same kind of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of people united in opposing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi National Congress", + "INC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heterogeneous collection of groups united in their opposition to Saddam Hussein's government of Iraq; formed in 1992 it is comprised of Sunni and Shiite Arabs and Kurds who hope to build a new government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major political party opposed to the party in office and prepared to replace it if elected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amphibious military unit trained for raids into enemy territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contingent", + "detail" + ], + "it": [ + "contingente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general staff" + ], + "it": [ + "stato maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military officers assigned to assist a senior officer in planning military policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headquarters" + ], + "it": [ + "comando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plural) a military unit consisting of a commander and the headquarters staff" + ], + "it": [ + "gruppo con compiti di direzione formato da comandante e ufficiali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headquarters staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "military staff stationed at headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high command", + "supreme headquarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest leaders in an organization (e.g. the commander-in-chief and senior officers of the military)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posse", + "posse comitatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary police force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy with a king or queen as head of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy with an emperor as head of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mogul empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empire established by the Mogul conquerors of India that reigned from 1526 to 1857" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Second Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial government of Napoleon III in France from 1852-1870" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rogue's gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of pictures of criminals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galere", + "rogue's gallery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coterie of undesirable people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard core" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most dedicated and intensely loyal nucleus of a group or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundation" + ], + "it": [ + "fondazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an institution supported by an endowment" + ], + "it": [ + "istituzione dotata di un patrimonio che persegue scopi morali o culturali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charity" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto di carità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philanthropic foundation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foundation that provides funds for science or art or education or religion or relief from disease etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private foundation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charity that does not receive a major part of its support from the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public charity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charity that is deemed to receive the major part of its support from the public (rather than from a small group of individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "institute" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association organized to promote art or science or education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sisterhood", + "sistership" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association or society of women who are linked together by a common religion or trade or interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibition", + "exposition", + "expo" + ], + "it": [ + "fiera", + "mostra", + "rassegna", + "esposizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of things (goods or works of art etc.) for public display" + ], + "it": [ + "raccolta specialmente di opere d'arte o di prodotti agricoli, industriali o dell'artigianato, che vengono sistemati in appositi luoghi visitabili dal pubblico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art exhibition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhibition of art objects (paintings or statues)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrospective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhibition of a representative selection of an artist's life work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peepshow", + "raree-show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exhibition of pictures or objects viewed through a small hole or magnifying glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitive exhibition of farm products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book fair", + "bookfair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fair organized by publishers or booksellers to promote the sale of books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair" + ], + "it": [ + "fiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gathering of producers to promote business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "parte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more contesting groups" + ], + "it": [ + "uno dei contendenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working group", + "working party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people working together temporarily until some goal is achieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedition" + ], + "it": [ + "spedizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized group of people undertaking a journey for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis and Clark Expedition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior high school", + "senior high", + "high", + "highschool", + "high school" + ], + "it": [ + "liceo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior high school", + "junior high" + ], + "it": [ + "media", + "scuola media" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary school usually including 7th and 8th grades" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola di ordine immediatamente superiore a quello elementare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preparatory school", + "prep school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private secondary school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir school", + "schola cantorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school that is part of a cathedral or monastery where boys with singing ability can receive a general education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola pubblica", + "scuola superiore privata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tuition free school in the United States supported by taxes and controlled by a school board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charter school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experimental public school for kindergarten through grade 12; created and organized by teachers and parents and community leaders; operates independently of other schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public school" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "scuola superiore privata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "private independent secondary school in Great Britain supported by endowment and tuition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eton College" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public school for boys founded in 1440; located in Berkshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winchester College" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oldest English public school; located in Winchester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola privata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school established and controlled privately and supported by endowment and tuition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catholic school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parochial school maintained by the Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school where students are taught to dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private school taking day students only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarding school" + ], + "it": [ + "collegio", + "internato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private school where students are lodged and fed as well as taught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school giving instruction during the daytime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night school" + ], + "it": [ + "scuola serale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school that holds classes in the evenings for students who cannot attend during the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindergarten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preschool for children age 4 to 6 to prepare them for primary school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursery school" + ], + "it": [ + "asilo infantile", + "scuola materna", + "giardino d'infanzia", + "asilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small preschool for small children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playschool", + "play group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small informal nursery group meeting for half-day sessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunday school", + "Sabbath school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "school meeting on Sundays for religious instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normal school", + "teachers college" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a two-year school for training elementary teachers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade school", + "grammar school", + "elementary school", + "primary school" + ], + "it": [ + "elementari", + "scuola elementare", + "scuola primaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school for young children; usually the first 6 or 8 grades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammar school" + ], + "it": [ + "ginnasio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary school emphasizing Latin and Greek in preparation for college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary modern school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British secondary school emphasizing practical rather than academic education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comprehensive school", + "composite school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large British or Canadian secondary school for children of all abilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school board", + "board of education" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board in charge of local public schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoning board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a board of officials who divide an area into zones that are subject to different restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoning commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commission delegated to supervise the zoning of areas for residential or commercial use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of immigrants arriving during a specified interval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspectorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of inspectors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury" + ], + "it": [ + "giuria", + "jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people gathered for a special purpose as to plan or discuss an issue or judge a contest etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel", + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a group of people summoned for jury service (from whom a jury will be chosen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jury", + "panel" + ], + "it": [ + "giuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a committee appointed to judge a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jury to inquire into accusations of crime and to evaluate the grounds for indictments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hung jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jury that is unable to agree on a verdict (the result is a mistrial)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit jury", + "petty jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jury of 12 to determine the facts and decide the issue in civil or criminal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special jury", + "blue ribbon jury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jury whose members are selected for special knowledge for a case involving complicated issues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leading military unit in an attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large gathering of people of a particular type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most advanced and responsible group in an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigrant class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recent immigrants who are lumped together as a class by their low socioeconomic status in spite of different cultural backgrounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left", + "left wing" + ], + "it": [ + "ala sinistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare" + ], + "it": [ + "schieramento politico e culturale che opera nella società in senso progressista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ], + "it": [ + "centrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "politically moderate persons; centrists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right", + "right wing" + ], + "it": [ + "destra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those who support political or social or economic conservatism; those who believe that things are better left unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States political faction that advocates social and political conservativism, school prayer, and federal aid for religious groups and schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extreme right wing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faction that is unwilling to accept new ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pro-choice faction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those who argue that the decision to have an induced abortion should be made by the mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pro-life faction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "those who argue that induced abortion is killing and should be prohibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a class of people favoring traditional ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of merchant ships with an escort of warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convoy" + ], + "it": [ + "autocolonna", + "autoconvoglio", + "carovana", + "convoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procession of land vehicles traveling together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seance", + "sitting", + "session" + ], + "it": [ + "seduta spiritica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meeting of spiritualists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggregate", + "congeries", + "conglomeration" + ], + "it": [ + "aggregato", + "conglomerato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sum total of many heterogenous things taken together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank that acts as an agent for a foreign bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial bank", + "full service bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banca commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that accepts demand deposits and makes loans and provides other services for the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banca nazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial bank chartered by the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank chartered by a state rather than by the federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead bank", + "agent bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank named by a lending syndicate of several banks to protect their interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "member bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merchant bank", + "acquirer" + ], + "it": [ + "banca d'affari", + "banca di investimento", + "merchant bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a credit card processing bank; merchants receive credit for credit card receipts less a processing fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the financial institution that dispenses cash in automated teller machines and collects a fee from the bank that issued the credit card" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation gaining financial control over another corporation or financial institution through a payment in cash or an exchange of stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agency (usually a bank) that is appointed by a corporation to keep records of its stock and bond owners and to resolve problems about certificates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondepository financial institution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that funds their investment activities from the sale of securities or insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depository financial institution", + "bank", + "banking concern", + "banking company" + ], + "it": [ + "banca", + "banco", + "cassa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" + ], + "it": [ + "istituto finanziario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance company" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziaria", + "società di finanziamento", + "società finanziaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial institution (often affiliated with a holding company or manufacturer) that makes loans to individuals or businesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer finance company", + "small loan company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finance company that makes loans to people who have trouble getting a bank loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial bank", + "industrial loan company" + ], + "it": [ + "banca industriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finance company that makes small loans to industrial workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captive finance company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finance company owned by a manufacturer to finance dealers' inventories or to make loans to consumers buying the company's products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sales finance company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finance company that buys (at a discount) the installment sales contracts of retail merchants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial finance company", + "commercial credit company" + ], + "it": [ + "società di credito commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a finance company that makes loans to manufacturers and wholesalers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farm Credit System", + "FCS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooperative nationwide system of banks and associations providing credit to farmers and related businesses; originally capitalized by the federal government but now owned by its members and borrowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underground banking system based on trust whereby money can be made available internationally without actually moving it or leaving a record of the transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrift institution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depository financial institution intended to encourage personal savings and home buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings and loan", + "savings and loan association" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thrift institution that is required by law to make a certain percentage of its loans as home mortgages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "building society" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British equivalent of United States savings and loan association" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savings bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thrift institution in the northeastern United States; since deregulation in the 1980s they offer services competitive with many commercial banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Home Loan Bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 11 regional banks that monitor and make short-term credit advances to thrift institutions in their region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Home Loan Bank System" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central credit system for thrift institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Housing Administration", + "FHA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the federal agency in the Department of Housing and Urban Development that insures residential mortgages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child welfare agency", + "child welfare service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit responsible for social work concerned with the welfare and vocational training of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Securities and Exchange Commission", + "SEC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent federal agency that oversees the exchange of securities to protect investors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust company", + "trust corporation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization (usually with a commercial bank) that is engaged as a trustee or fiduciary or agent in handling trust funds or estates of custodial arrangements or stock transfers or related services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual savings bank", + "MSB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state-chartered savings bank owned by its depositors and managed by a board of trustees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal savings bank", + "FSB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federally chartered savings bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing squad", + "firing party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squad formed to fire volleys at a military funeral or to carry out a military execution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the customers for a particular product or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who engage in illicit trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic" + ], + "it": [ + "traffico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traffic created by the movement of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commuter traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traffic created by people going to or returning from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestrian traffic", + "foot traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people coming and going on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehicular traffic", + "vehicle traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregation of vehicles coming and going in a particular locality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile traffic", + "car traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cars coming and going" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bicycles coming and going" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buses coming and going" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trucks coming and going" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formation" + ], + "it": [ + "formazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formation of troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open order" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine aperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military formation leaving enough space between ranks to allow an inspecting officer to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military formation for drill or marching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extended order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military formation for skirmishing; as widely separated as the tactical situation permits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick call", + "sick parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the daily military formation at which individuals report to the medical officer as sick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caravan", + "train", + "wagon train" + ], + "it": [ + "carovana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalcade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procession of people traveling on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procession of people walking together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a march of protest or demonstration by the unemployed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorcade" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "corteo di auto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procession of people traveling in motor cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial procession including people marching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callithump", + "callathump", + "callithump parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy boisterous parade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file", + "single file", + "Indian file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of persons or things ranged one behind the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group advancing in a single-file serpentine path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of units following one after another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortege", + "retinue", + "suite", + "entourage" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchia", + "entourage", + "seguito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the group following and attending to some important person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Praetorian Guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the elite bodyguard of a Roman Emperor in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cortege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a funeral procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recession", + "recessional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offensive football players who line up behind the linemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secondary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the defensive football players who line up behind the linemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linemen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the football players who line up on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "coda", + "fila", + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formation of people or things one behind another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formation of people or things one beside another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the arrangement of people in a line for marching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of succession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order in which individuals are expected to succeed one another in some official position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of persons arranged by police for inspection or identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket line" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cordone degli scioperanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of people acting as pickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "fila", + "infilata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serration" + ], + "it": [ + "dentatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a row of notches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a row of houses built in a similar style and having common dividing walls (or the street on which they face)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank" + ], + "it": [ + "fila", + "rango", + "schiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conga line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of people in single file performing the conga dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line or series of traps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queue", + "waiting line" + ], + "it": [ + "fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of people or vehicles waiting for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadline", + "bread line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of people waiting for free food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkout line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of people waiting to pay for purchases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chow line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of people waiting for food to be served (especially at a military camp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of vehicles waiting to purchase gasoline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reception line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of people (hosts and guests of honor) who welcome the guests at a reception party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of people waiting to buy tickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployment line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queue of people waiting for employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "riga", + "fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linear array of numbers, letters, or symbols side by side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "column" + ], + "it": [ + "colonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical array of numbers or other information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviation", + "air power" + ], + "it": [ + "aviazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aggregation of a country's military aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of coordinated measures for apprehending (criminals or other individuals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machinery" + ], + "it": [ + "apparato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of means and activities whereby a social institution functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network", + "web" + ], + "it": [ + "rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interconnected system of things or people" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di persone, gruppi o organizzazioni che collaborano o sono collegate tra di loro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espionage network" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of spies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old boy network" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exclusive informal network linking members of a social class or profession or organization in order to provide connections and information and favors (especially in business or politics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a network of facilities and people who interact and remain in informal communication for mutual assistance; a network that enables you to live in a certain style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonlinear system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system whose performance cannot be described by equations of the first degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system", + "scheme" + ], + "it": [ + "sistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsystem" + ], + "it": [ + "sottosistema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system that is part of some larger system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syntax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a systematic orderly arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of particulars considered as a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shebang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entire system; used in the phrase `the whole shebang'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft", + "trade" + ], + "it": [ + "arte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who perform a particular kind of skilled work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetation", + "flora", + "botany" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the plant life in a particular region or period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vegetation (such as young shoots, twigs, and leaves) that is suitable for animals to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "brushwood", + "coppice", + "copse", + "thicket" + ], + "it": [ + "boscaglia", + "fratta", + "fruticeto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense growth of bushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area thickly overgrown usually with one kind of plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canebrake" + ], + "it": [ + "canneto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense growth of cane (especially giant cane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copse that shelters game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vegetation that has grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub", + "chaparral", + "bush" + ], + "it": [ + "macchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a growth of similar plants (usually trees) in a particular area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest", + "wood", + "woods" + ], + "it": [ + "bosco", + "foresta", + "selva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area" + ], + "it": [ + "gli alberi e le altre piante comprese in una area boscosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wooded area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grove" + ], + "it": [ + "boschetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small growth of trees without underbrush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impenetrable equatorial forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain forest", + "rainforest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest with heavy annual rainfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temperate rain forest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rain forest in a temperate area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropical rain forest", + "selva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rain forest in a tropical area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbrush", + "undergrowth", + "underwood" + ], + "it": [ + "sottobosco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrubbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of shrubs growing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flowers or vegetables or fruits or herbs that are cultivated in a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ], + "it": [ + "staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line personnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personnel having direct job performance responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management personnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personnel having overall planning and direction responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictatorship", + "absolutism", + "authoritarianism", + "Caesarism", + "despotism", + "monocracy", + "one-man rule", + "shogunate", + "Stalinism", + "totalitarianism", + "tyranny" + ], + "it": [ + "autoritarismo", + "cesarismo", + "despotismo", + "dispotismo", + "dittatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police state" + ], + "it": [ + "stato di polizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country that maintains repressive control over the people by means of police (especially secret police)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law", + "jurisprudence" + ], + "it": [ + "giurisprudenza", + "legge", + "legislazione", + "corpo legislativo", + "diritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collection of rules imposed by authority" + ], + "it": [ + "insieme di leggi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrative law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of rules and regulations and orders and decisions created by administrative agencies of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon law", + "ecclesiastical law" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto canonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of codified laws governing the affairs of a Christian church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil law" + ], + "it": [ + "codice civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws established by a state or nation for its own regulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common law", + "case law", + "precedent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of jurisprudence based on judicial precedents rather than statutory laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "international law", + "law of nations" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws governing relations between nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maritime law", + "marine law", + "admiralty law" + ], + "it": [ + "diritto marittimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the branch of international law that deals with territorial and international waters or with shipping or with ocean fishery etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law of the land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phrase used in the Magna Carta to refer to the then established law of the kingdom (as distinct from Roman or civil law); today it refers to fundamental principles of justice commensurate with due process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martial law" + ], + "it": [ + "legge marziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of law imposed by the military over civilian affairs (usually in time of war or civil crisis); overrides civil law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercantile law", + "commercial law", + "law merchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of rules applied to commercial transactions; derived from the practices of traders rather than from jurisprudence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws and rules of conduct administered by military courts for the discipline, trial, and punishment of military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mosaic law", + "Law of Moses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the laws (beginning with the Ten Commandments) that God gave to the Israelites through Moses; it includes many rules of religious observance given in the first five books of the Old Testament (in Judaism these books are called the Torah)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shariah", + "shariah law", + "sharia", + "sharia law", + "Islamic law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hudud", + "hudood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Islamic laws stating the limits ordained by Allah and including the deterrent punishments for serious crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statutory law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws created by legislative statutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "securities law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws governing the issuance and selling of securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of laws governing taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureaucracy", + "bureaucratism" + ], + "it": [ + "burocrazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonelective government officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menagerie" + ], + "it": [ + "serraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of live animals for study or display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordering", + "order", + "ordination" + ], + "it": [ + "ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements" + ], + "it": [ + "sequenza ordinata di elementi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genetic code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genome" + ], + "it": [ + "genoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ordering of genes in a haploid set of chromosomes of a particular organism; the full DNA sequence of an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplet code" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal version of the genetic code in which a sequence of three nucleotides codes for the synthesis of a specific amino acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series" + ], + "it": [ + "catena", + "serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar things placed in order or happening one after another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "series" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nexus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connected series or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progression", + "patterned advance" + ], + "it": [ + "progressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series with a definite pattern of advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rash", + "blizzard" + ], + "it": [ + "ondata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of unexpected and unpleasant occurrences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence" + ], + "it": [ + "sequenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilza", + "filza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people or things arranged or following in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succession of stages or operations or processes or units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended (often showy) succession of persons or things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streak", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unbroken series of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "losing streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a streak of losses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winning streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a streak of wins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmetic progression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a progression in which a constant is added to each term in order to obtain the next term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometric progression" + ], + "it": [ + "progressione geometrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a progression in which each term is multiplied by a constant in order to obtain the next term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonic progression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mathematics) a progression of terms whose reciprocals form an arithmetic progression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream", + "flow", + "current" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente", + "filone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a succession of waves spaced at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panoply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a complete and impressive array" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockpile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage pile accumulated for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "data", + "information" + ], + "it": [ + "notizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accounting data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the data (ledgers and journals and spreadsheets) that support a financial statement; can be hard copy or machine readable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metadata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "data about data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unanalyzed data; data not yet subjected to analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of anecdotes about a person or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail", + "post" + ], + "it": [ + "carteggio", + "corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any particular collection of letters or packages that is delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail sent to public figures from their admirers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hate mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail that expresses the writer's dislike or hatred (usually in offensive language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail sent by a sender at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sampler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assortment of various samples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure" + ], + "it": [ + "tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of precious things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasure trove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any collection of valuables that is discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trinketry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trinkets and other ornaments of dress collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troponymy", + "troponomy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place names of a region or a language considered collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "movement", + "social movement", + "front" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deco", + "art deco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a style of design that was popular in the 1920s and 1930s; marked by stylized forms and geometric designs adapted to mass production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art nouveau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French school of art and architecture popular in the 1890s; characterized by stylized natural forms and sinuous outlines of such objects as leaves and vines and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avant-garde", + "vanguard", + "van", + "new wave" + ], + "it": [ + "avanguardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any creative group active in the innovation and application of new concepts and techniques in a given field (especially in the arts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructivism" + ], + "it": [ + "costruttivismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abstractionist artistic movement in Russia after World War I; industrial materials were used to construct nonrepresentational objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suprematism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geometric abstractionist movement originated by Kazimir Malevich in Russia that influenced constructivism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubism" + ], + "it": [ + "cubismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic movement in France beginning in 1907 that featured surfaces of geometrical planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dada", + "dadaism" + ], + "it": [ + "dadaismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nihilistic art movement (especially in painting) that flourished in Europe early in the 20th century; based on irrationality and negation of the accepted laws of beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artistic movement", + "art movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of artists who agree on general principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expressionism" + ], + "it": [ + "espressionismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement early in the 20th century; the artist's subjective expression of inner experiences was emphasized; an inner feeling was expressed through a distorted rendition of reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoexpressionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement based on expressionism; developed in 1980s in Europe and United States; crudely drawn garish paintings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supra expressionism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement that tried to go beyond expressionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fauvism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement launched in 1905 whose work was characterized by bright and nonnatural colors and simple forms; influenced the expressionists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futurism" + ], + "it": [ + "futurismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic movement in Italy around 1910 that tried to express the energy and values of the machine age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson River school", + "romantic realism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first coherent school of American art; active from 1825 to 1870; painted wilderness landscapes of the Hudson River valley and surrounding New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imagism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement by American and English poets early in the 20th century in reaction to Victorian sentimentality; used common speech in free verse with clear concrete imagery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake poets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poets at the beginning of the 19th century who lived in the Lake District and were inspired by it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic movement in the United States that was derived from the Hudson River school; active from 1850 to 1870; painted realistic landscapes in a style that pictured atmospheric light and the use of aerial perspective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimalism", + "minimal art", + "reductivism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement in sculpture and painting that began in the 1950s and emphasized extreme simplification of form and color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalism", + "realism" + ], + "it": [ + "realismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "needy people collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoromanticism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement based on a revival of Romanticism in art and literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Wave", + "Nouvelle Vague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an art movement in French cinema in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secession", + "sezession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Austrian school of art and architecture parallel to the French art nouveau in the 1890s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrealism" + ], + "it": [ + "surrealismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 20th century movement of artists and writers (developing out of dadaism) who used fantastic images and incongruous juxtapositions in order to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic movement in the late 19th century that tried to express abstract or mystical ideas through the symbolic use of images" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boy Scouts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international (but decentralized) movement started in 1908 in England with the goal of teaching good citizenship to boys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boy Scouts of America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corporation that operates through a national council that charters local councils all over the United States; the purpose is character building and citizenship training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girl Scouts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of young women and girls founded in 1912 for character development and citizenship training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Civil Rights movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in which several individuals or groups with different interests join together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultural movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people working together to advance certain cultural goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecumenism", + "oecumenism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement promoting union between religions (especially between Christian churches)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falun gong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiritual movement that began in China in the latter half of the 20th century and is based on Buddhist and Taoist teachings and practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people working together to achieve a political goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enlightenment", + "Age of Reason" + ], + "it": [ + "illuminismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement in Europe from about 1650 until 1800 that advocated the use of reason and individualism instead of tradition and established doctrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor movement", + "trade union movement", + "labor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Industrial Workers of the World", + "IWW", + "I.W.W." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former international labor union and radical labor movement in the United States; founded in Chicago in 1905 and dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism; its membership declined after World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unionism", + "trade unionism" + ], + "it": [ + "sindacalismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the system or principles and theory of labor unions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement intended to bring about social and humanitarian reforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement intended to bring about religious reforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akhbari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious movement by Arab Shiite Muslims in 17th century Iraq that is opposed to the Usuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Usuli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious movement by Persian Shiite Muslims in 17th century Iran that is opposed to the Akhbari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Counter Reformation" + ], + "it": [ + "controriforma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected); many leaders were Jesuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecumenical movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement aimed to promote understanding and cooperation among Christian churches; aimed ultimately at universal Christian unity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallicanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious movement originating among the French Roman Catholic clergy that favored the restriction of papal control and the achievement by each nation of individual administrative autonomy of the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubavitch", + "Lubavitch movement", + "Chabad-Lubavitch", + "Chabad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large missionary Hasidic movement known for their hospitality, technological expertise, optimism and emphasis on religious study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "19th-century movement in the Church of England opposing liberal tendencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pietism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "17th and 18th-century German movement in the Lutheran Church stressing personal piety and devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reformation", + "Protestant Reformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taliban", + "Taleban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fundamentalist Islamic militia; in 1995 the Taliban militia took over Afghanistan and in 1996 took Kabul and set up an Islamic government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Alliance", + "United Front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multiethnic alliance in Afghanistan who practice a moderate form of Islam and are united in their opposition to the Taliban" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nation of Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of militant Black Americans who profess Islamic religious beliefs and advocate independence for Black Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanism" + ], + "it": [ + "umanesimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cultural movement of the Renaissance; based on classical studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analytical cubism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the early phase of cubism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthetic cubism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the late phase of cubism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unconfessed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who have not confessed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployed people", + "unemployed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people who are involuntarily out of work (considered as a group)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of submarines operating together in attacking enemy convoys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womanhood", + "woman", + "fair sex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women as a class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womankind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "women as distinguished from men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp" + ], + "it": [ + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of people living together in a camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobo camp", + "jungle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where hoboes camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record company" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that makes and sells musical recordings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reunion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party of former associates who have come together again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mover", + "public mover", + "moving company", + "removal firm", + "removal company" + ], + "it": [ + "ditta di traslochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that moves the possessions of a family or business from one site to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think tank", + "think factory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company that does research for hire and issues reports on the implications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestry" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbrica", + "fabbriceria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Protestant Episcopal Church: a committee elected by the congregation to work with the churchwardens in managing the temporal affairs of the church" + ], + "it": [ + "ente che provvede alla manutenzione e all’amministrazione dei beni di una chiesa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jews collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zionism", + "Zionist movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a movement of world Jewry that arose late in the 19th century with the aim of creating a Jewish state in Palestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zhou", + "Zhou dynasty", + "Chou", + "Chou dynasty", + "Chow", + "Chow dynasty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC; notable for the rise of Confucianism and Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muster" + ], + "it": [ + "adunata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of military personnel for duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap group" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of people holding a rap session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rave-up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raucous gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registration", + "enrollment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of people (such as students) who register or enroll at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table" + ], + "it": [ + "tavolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company of people assembled at a table for a meal or game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Council of Churches" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ecumenical organization of Protestant and eastern churches; intended to promote unity and cooperation in religious and secular matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a select company of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of voters who have the same interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey", + "gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any organization that provides resources and facilities for a function or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organization of people or resources that can be shared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typing pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of typists who can work for different persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a company in the business of shipping freight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of a military or naval formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diaspora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the body of Jews (or Jewish communities) outside Palestine or modern Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank", + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "fianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of military or naval formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of a military formation or procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "local authority" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative unit of local government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back of a military formation or procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smithereens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collection of small fragments considered as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chosen people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any people believing themselves to be chosen by God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group living in Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group speaking Bengali and living in Bangladesh and eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berbers", + "Arab-Berbers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic minority descended from Berbers and Arabs and living in northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dagestani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic minority living on the Caspian Sea in southwestern Russia and Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flemish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group speaking Flemish and living in northern and western Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebrews", + "Israelites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic minority of Polynesian and Melanesian descent who speak Maori and live in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic minority speaking Mayan languages and living in Yucatan and adjacent areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mbundu", + "Ovimbundu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group speaking Umbundu and living in western Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pathan", + "Pashtun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic minority speaking Pashto and living in northwestern Pakistan and southeastern Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tajik", + "Tadzhik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group (mostly Moslem) living in Tajikistan and neighboring areas of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walloons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ethnic group speaking a dialect of French and living in southern and eastern Belgium and neighboring parts of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand and Isabella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint monarchs of Spain; Ferdinand V and Isabella I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aristocratic Italian family of powerful merchants and bankers who ruled Florence in the 15th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Committee for State Security", + "KGB", + "Soviet KGB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the predominant security police organization of Soviet Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal Security Bureau", + "FSB", + "Federal Security Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the internal counterintelligence agency of the Russian Federation and successor to the Soviet KGB; formerly led by Vladimir Putin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian agency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative agency of the Russian government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wicca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of followers of the Wicca religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "William and Mary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint monarchs of England; William III and Mary II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine tasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gathering of people to taste and compare different wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group within a political party or legislature or other organization that holds distinct views or has a particular function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wise Men", + "Magi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the sages who visited Jesus and Mary and Joseph shortly after Jesus was born; the Gospel According to Matthew says they were guided by a star and brought gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh; because there were three gifts it is usually assumed that there were three of them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "World Trade Organization", + "WTO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international organization based in Geneva that monitors and enforces rules governing global trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Association for the Advancement of Retired Persons", + "AARP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of people to promote the welfare of senior citizens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "National Association of Realtors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States association of real estate agents which follows a strict code of ethics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Association of Southeast Asian Nations", + "ASEAN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association of nations dedicated to economic and political cooperation in southeastern Asia and who joined with the United States to fight against global terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abkhaz", + "Abkhas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Circassian people living east of the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achomawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in northeastern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akwa'ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of Native Americans who speak an Eskimo-Aleut language and inhabit the Aleutian Islands and southwestern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circassian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mostly Sunni Muslim community living in northwestern Caucasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inca", + "Inka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the small group of Quechua living in the Cuzco Valley in Peru who established hegemony over their neighbors in order to create an empire that lasted from about 1100 until the Spanish conquest in the early 1530s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quechua", + "Kechua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of South American Indians in Peru who were formerly the ruling class of the Incan Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xhosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of Negroid people in southern South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community of Negroid people in eastern South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "here" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the present location; this place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "there" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location other than here; that place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somewhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indefinite or unknown location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilocation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability (said of certain Roman Catholic saints) to exist simultaneously in two locations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location (metaphorically speaking) where something is based" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home" + ], + "it": [ + "casa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the country or state or city where you live" + ], + "it": [ + "nazione di provenienza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base", + "home" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo di partenza e sede dei supporti logistici di qualsiasi tipo di impresa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aclinic line", + "magnetic equator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line paralleling the equator where a magnetic needle has no dip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonic line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line connecting points on the Earth's surface where the magnetic declination is zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isogonic line", + "isogonal line", + "isogone" + ], + "it": [ + "isogona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line connecting points on the Earth's surface where the magnetic declination is the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ], + "it": [ + "recapito", + "ricapito", + "indirizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where a person or organization can be found or communicated with" + ], + "it": [ + "il luogo dove una persona può essere trovata per comunicargli qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailing address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the address where a person or organization can be communicated with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mailing address to which answers to a newspaper ad can be sent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post-office box number", + "PO box number", + "PO Box No", + "box number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the number of a letter box at the post office where mail is collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the address where a person or organization can be found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrative district", + "administrative division", + "territorial division" + ], + "it": [ + "circondario", + "mandamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district defined for administrative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerie", + "aery", + "eyrie", + "eyry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any habitation at a high altitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agora" + ], + "it": [ + "agora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the marketplace in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air lane", + "flight path", + "airway", + "skyway" + ], + "it": [ + "aerovia", + "corridoio aereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a designated route followed by airplanes in flying from one airport to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic pattern", + "approach pattern", + "pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path that is prescribed for an airplane that is preparing to land at an airport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territory", + "soil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andalusia", + "Andalucia" + ], + "it": [ + "Andalusia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in southern Spain on the Atlantic and the Mediterranean; formerly a center of Moorish civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appalachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impoverished coal mining area in the Appalachian Mountains (from Pennsylvania to North Carolina)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight path" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path of a rocket or projectile or aircraft through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in flight formation) a position to the side and just to the rear of another aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach path", + "approach", + "glide path", + "glide slope" + ], + "it": [ + "sentiero di avvicinamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the final path followed by an aircraft as it is landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambiance", + "ambience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmosphere of an environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amusement park", + "funfair", + "pleasure ground" + ], + "it": [ + "luna-park", + "luna park", + "parco dei divertimenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercially operated park with stalls and shows for amusement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antarctic", + "Antarctic Zone", + "South Frigid Zone" + ], + "it": [ + "antartico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region around the south pole: Antarctica and surrounding waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antarctic Circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of latitude north of the south pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adelie Land", + "Terre Adelie", + "Adelie Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a costal region of Antarctica to the south of Australia; noted for its large colonies of penguins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apex", + "solar apex", + "apex of the sun's way" + ], + "it": [ + "apice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point on the celestial sphere toward which the sun and solar system appear to be moving relative to the fixed stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antapex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point opposite in direction from the solar apex; the point the solar system is moving away from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apogee" + ], + "it": [ + "apogeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apoapsis in Earth orbit; the point in its orbit where a satellite is at the greatest distance from the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apoapsis", + "point of apoapsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the point in an orbit farthest from the body being orbited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphelion" + ], + "it": [ + "afelio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apoapsis in solar orbit; the point in the orbit of a planet or comet that is at the greatest distance from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apojove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apoapsis in orbit around Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aposelene", + "apolune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apoapsis in orbit around the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the part of the fairway leading onto the green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic", + "Arctic Zone", + "North Frigid Zone" + ], + "it": [ + "Artide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regions to the north of the Arctic Circle centered on the North Pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of latitude at the north or south poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic Circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of latitude near but to the south of the north pole; it marks the northernmost point at which the sun is visible on the northern winter solstice and the southernmost point at which the midnight sun can be seen on the northern summer solstice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arena" + ], + "it": [ + "arena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area of an ancient Roman amphitheater where contests and spectacles were held; especially an area that was strewn with sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "area", + "country" + ], + "it": [ + "area", + "località", + "regione", + "zona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area lying above the piedmont but below the timberline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascending node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point at which an orbit crosses the ecliptic plane going north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node" + ], + "it": [ + "nodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a point where an orbit crosses a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the point of minimum displacement in a periodic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antinode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the point of maximum displacement in a periodic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asteroid belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of interplanetary space between Mars and Jupiter where most asteroids are found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmosphere", + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mass of air surrounding the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed ground", + "bed-ground", + "bedground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area on which a drove of cattle or sheep can sleep for a night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biosphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth (or other planet) where living organisms exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back of beyond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very remote and inaccessible place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colony", + "dependency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area politically controlled by a distant country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crown Colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British colony controlled by the British Crown, represented by a governor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depth" + ], + "it": [ + "profondità", + "profondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) the deepest and most remote part" + ], + "it": [ + "che si estende in profondità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outer space", + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmo", + "intervallo", + "spazio cosmico", + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any location outside the Earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interplanetary space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of outer space within the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstellar space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontier" + ], + "it": [ + "confine", + "confine di stato", + "frontiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an international boundary or the area (often fortified) immediately inside the boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliopause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary marking the edge of the sun's influence; the boundary (roughly 100 AU from the sun) between the interplanetary medium and the interstellar medium; where the solar wind from the sun and the radiation from other stars meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "eliosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region inside the heliopause containing the sun and solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holding pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flight path (usually circular) maintained by an aircraft that is awaiting permission to land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intergalactic space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space between galaxies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any region in space outside the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerospace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmosphere and outer space considered as a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airspace" + ], + "it": [ + "aerospazio", + "spazio aereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmosphere above a nation that is deemed to be under its jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place or condition in which no development or progress is occurring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backwoods", + "back country", + "boondocks", + "hinterland" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remote and undeveloped area" + ], + "it": [ + "zona rurale isolata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bad Lands", + "Badlands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eroded and barren region in southwestern South Dakota and northwestern Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banana republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small country (especially in Central America) that is politically unstable and whose economy is dominated by foreign companies and depends on one export (such as bananas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northern Africa on the Mediterranean coast between Egypt and Gibraltar; was used as a base for pirates from the 16th to 19th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbary Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mediterranean coast of northern Africa that was famous for its Moorish pirates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbary Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a city that is notorious for gambling dens and brothels and saloons and riotous night life (especially the waterfront of San Francisco after the gold rush of 1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bithynia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in northwestern Asia Minor in what is now Turkey; was absorbed into the Roman Empire by the end of the 1st century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in Bithynia; founded in the 4th century BC and flourished under the Romans; the Nicene Creed was adopted there in 325" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nubia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of northeastern Africa (southern Egypt and northern Sudan) on the Nile; much of Nubia is now under Lake Nasser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barren", + "waste", + "wasteland" + ], + "it": [ + "deserto", + "terra desolata", + "distesa desolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uninhabited wilderness that is worthless for cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath", + "heathland" + ], + "it": [ + "baraggia", + "barraggia", + "brughiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of level wasteland; uncultivated land with sandy soil and scrubby vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large wilderness area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bush country of the interior of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Never-Never" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remote outback of Australia; unpopulated desert country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontier" + ], + "it": [ + "frontiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert" + ], + "it": [ + "deserto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arid land with little or no vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semidesert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region much like a desert but usually located between a desert and the surrounding regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oasis" + ], + "it": [ + "oasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battlefield", + "battleground", + "field of battle", + "field of honor", + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo di battaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armageddon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the scene of the final battle between the kings of the Earth at the end of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camlan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) the battlefield where King Arthur was mortally wounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minefield" + ], + "it": [ + "campo minato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in which explosives mines have been placed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "round" + ], + "it": [ + "ronda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular route for a sentry or policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beginning", + "origin", + "root", + "rootage", + "source" + ], + "it": [ + "origine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where something begins, where it springs into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derivation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source or origin from which something derives (i.e. comes or issues)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring" + ], + "it": [ + "fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point at which water issues forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fountainhead", + "headspring", + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of water from which a stream arises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wellhead", + "wellspring" + ], + "it": [ + "fonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the source of water for a well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumping-off place", + "point of departure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place from which an enterprise or expedition is launched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jungle" + ], + "it": [ + "giungla", + "jungla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location marked by an intense competition and struggle for survival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concrete jungle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in a city with large modern buildings that is perceived as dangerous and unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone" + ], + "it": [ + "area", + "zona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area or region distinguished from adjacent parts by a distinctive feature or characteristic" + ], + "it": [ + "area territoriale uniforme dal punto di vista delle condizioni geografiche, sociali, giuridiche, ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia", + "cintura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elongated region where a specific condition or characteristic is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bible Belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern and midwestern United States where Protestant fundamentalism is dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatherland", + "homeland", + "motherland", + "mother country", + "country of origin", + "native land" + ], + "it": [ + "madre patria", + "madrepatria", + "patria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the country where you were born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthplace", + "place of birth" + ], + "it": [ + "culla", + "luogo di nascita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where someone was born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthplace", + "cradle", + "place of origin", + "provenance", + "provenience" + ], + "it": [ + "culla", + "origine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where something originated or was nurtured in its early existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "faccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface forming part of the outside of an object" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle superfici di un oggetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam-ends" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) at the ends of the transverse deck beams of a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom", + "underside", + "undersurface" + ], + "it": [ + "basso", + "di sotto", + "disotto", + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower side of anything" + ], + "it": [ + "parte inferiore di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot" + ], + "it": [ + "piede", + "basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower part of anything" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte più bassa di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ], + "it": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom" + ], + "it": [ + "basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest part of anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the absolute bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boundary", + "bound", + "bounds" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "confine", + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boundary line", + "border", + "borderline", + "delimitation", + "mete" + ], + "it": [ + "delimitazione", + "frontiera", + "linea di demarcazione", + "confine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that indicates a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourn", + "bourne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borderland", + "border district", + "march", + "marchland" + ], + "it": [ + "marca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "district consisting of the area on either side of a border or boundary of a country or an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narco-state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area that has been taken over and is controlled and corrupted by drug cartels and where law enforcement is effectively nonexistent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "property" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo", + "posto", + "sito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any area set aside for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale", + "centro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where some particular activity is concentrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where a group of people with the same interest or occupation are concentrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerve center", + "nerve centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center that provides information and control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumference", + "circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary line encompassing an area or object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boundary line created by a fence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green Line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the border marking the boundaries of the land that Israel won in its 1948 war of independence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Line of Control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 450-mile line that is supposed to indicate the boundary between the part of Kashmir controlled by India and the part controlled by Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary line between two pieces of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state line", + "state boundary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary between two states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason-Dixon line", + "Mason and Dixon line", + "Mason and Dixon's line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania; symbolic dividing line between North and South before the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "district line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary between two districts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary between two counties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balk", + "baulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area on a billiard table behind the balkline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balkline", + "baulk-line", + "string line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line across a billiard table behind which the cue balls are placed at the start of a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb site" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "luogo bombardato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in a town that has been devastated by bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowels" + ], + "it": [ + "viscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowling green" + ], + "it": [ + "campo da bocce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field of closely mowed turf for playing bowls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadbasket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographic region serving as the principal source of grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeding ground" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zona di riproduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where animals breed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridgehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defensive post at the end of a bridge nearest to the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brink" + ], + "it": [ + "ciglio", + "ciglione", + "proda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the edge of a steep place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area over which a radio or tv transmission can be received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer state", + "buffer country" + ], + "it": [ + "stato cuscinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small neutral state between two rival powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull's eye", + "bull" + ], + "it": [ + "brocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus route" + ], + "it": [ + "percorso dell'autobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the route regularly followed by a passenger bus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus stop" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fermata d'autobus", + "fermata dell'autobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place on a bus route where buses stop to discharge and take on passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "posto di blocco", + "check-point", + "checkpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place (as at a frontier) where travellers are stopped for inspection and clearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabstand", + "taxistand", + "taxi rank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where taxis park while awaiting customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campsite", + "campground", + "camping site", + "camping ground", + "bivouac", + "encampment", + "camping area" + ], + "it": [ + "bivacco", + "campeccio", + "campeggio", + "camping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campus" + ], + "it": [ + "campus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field on which the buildings of a university are situated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seat of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river basin", + "basin", + "watershed", + "drainage basin", + "catchment area", + "catchment basin", + "drainage area" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino", + "bacino fluviale", + "bacino imbrifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries; an area characterized by all runoff being conveyed to the same outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detention basin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage site (such as a small reservoir) that delays the flow of water downstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retention basin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storage site similar to a detention basin but the water in storage is permanently obstructed from flowing downstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caucasia", + "Caucasus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large region between the Black and Caspian seas that contains the Caucasus Mountains; oil is its major resource" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transcaucasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical region to the south of the Caucasus Mountains and to the north of Turkey that comprises Georgia and Armenia and Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial equator", + "equinoctial circle", + "equinoctial line", + "equinoctial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great circle on the celestial sphere midway between the celestial poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point in the heavens (on the celestial sphere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equinoctial point", + "equinox" + ], + "it": [ + "equinozio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) either of the two celestial points at which the celestial equator intersects the ecliptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vernal equinox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the equinoctial point that lies in the constellation of Pisces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autumnal equinox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the equinoctial point that lies in the constellation of Virgo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial sphere", + "sphere", + "empyrean", + "firmament", + "heavens", + "vault of heaven", + "welkin" + ], + "it": [ + "volta celeste", + "volta del cielo", + "firmamento", + "volta stellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cemetery", + "graveyard", + "burial site", + "burial ground", + "burying ground", + "memorial park", + "necropolis" + ], + "it": [ + "campo santo", + "camposanto", + "cimitero", + "necropoli", + "sepolcreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land used for burials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre", + "midpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "centro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point equidistant from the ends of a line or the extremities of a figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center of buoyancy", + "centre of buoyancy", + "center of immersion", + "centre of immersion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the center of mass of the immersed part of ship or other floating object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center of gravity", + "centre of gravity" + ], + "it": [ + "baricentro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point within something at which gravity can be considered to act; in uniform gravity it is equal to the center of mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center of flotation", + "centre of flotation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of gravity of a floating object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center of mass", + "centre of mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point representing the mean position of the matter in a body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barycenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the common center of mass around which two or more bodies revolve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of mass of an object of uniform density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichion", + "crinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point where the hairline meets the midpoint of the forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre", + "middle", + "heart", + "eye" + ], + "it": [ + "centro", + "mezzo", + "cuore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area that is approximately central within some larger region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center stage", + "centre stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area on a theater stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city center", + "city centre", + "central city" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central part of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navel", + "navel point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center point or middle of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm center", + "storm centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area or place of lowest barometric pressure within a storm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city", + "metropolis", + "urban center" + ], + "it": [ + "metropoli", + "città" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalopolis" + ], + "it": [ + "megalopoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large urban complex (usually involving several cities and towns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of a town or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precinct" + ], + "it": [ + "territorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of a city or town marked out for administrative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police precinct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a precinct in which law enforcement is the responsibility of particular police force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voting precinct", + "election district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several districts into which a city or town is divided for voting; each contains one polling place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polling place", + "polling station" + ], + "it": [ + "seggio elettorale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where voters go to cast their votes in an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business district", + "downtown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central area or commercial center of a town or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outskirts" + ], + "it": [ + "dintorni", + "periferia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outlying areas (as of a city or town)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environs", + "purlieu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outer adjacent area of any place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tin Pan Alley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district (originally in New York) where composers and publishers of popular music do business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conurbation", + "urban sprawl", + "sprawl" + ], + "it": [ + "conurbazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggregation or continuous network of urban communities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monotonous urban sprawl of standardized buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English town that forms the constituency of a member of parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket borough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sparsely populated borough in which all or most of the land is owned by a single family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotten borough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English parliamentary constituency with few electors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the administrative divisions of a large city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canton" + ], + "it": [ + "cantone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small administrative division of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorporated administrative district established by state charter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city limit", + "city limits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limits of the area occupied by a city or town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clearing", + "glade" + ], + "it": [ + "radura", + "slargo", + "spianata", + "spiazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coats Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of western Antarctica along the southeastern shore of the Weddell Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commune" + ], + "it": [ + "comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest administrative district of several European countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone", + "geographical zone" + ], + "it": [ + "regione", + "zona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the regions of the surface of the Earth loosely divided according to latitude or longitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climatic zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the geographical zones loosely divided according to prevailing climate and latitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commons", + "common land" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "terreno di uso pubblico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasture subject to common use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commonwealth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confluence", + "meeting" + ], + "it": [ + "confluenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where things merge or flow together (especially rivers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congressional district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territorial division of a state; entitled to elect one member to the United States House of Representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a city where financial institutions are centered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center of activity or interest or commerce or transportation; a focal point around which events revolve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civic center", + "municipal center", + "down town" + ], + "it": [ + "centro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inner city" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "centro di una zona urbana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the older and more populated and (usually) poorer central section of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chokepoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point of congestion or blockage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corn Belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the midwestern states where corn is grown; Iowa and Illinois are excellent for raising corn and corn-fed livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corncob", + "corn cob" + ], + "it": [ + "pannocchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard cylindrical core that bears the kernels of an ear of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point where two lines meet or intersect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place off to the side of an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remote area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornfield", + "corn field" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "campo di grano", + "campo di granturco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field planted with corn" + ], + "it": [ + "un campo coltivato a grano o granoturco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country", + "state", + "land" + ], + "it": [ + "nazione", + "paese", + "stato", + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory occupied by a nation" + ], + "it": [ + "il territorio di uno stato, considerato in relazione alle caratteristiche fisiche, geografiche, ai suoi abitanti, alle istituzioni che lo governano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county" + ], + "it": [ + "contea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(United States) the largest administrative district within a state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county palatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory of a count palatine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county seat", + "county courthouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the town or city that is the seat of government for a county" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county town", + "shire town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the town or city that is the seat of government for a shire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow pasture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pasture for cows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crest" + ], + "it": [ + "cresta", + "crinale", + "vetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timber line", + "timberline", + "tree line" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "limite della vegetazione ad alto fusto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line marking the upper limit of tree growth in mountains or northern latitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow line" + ], + "it": [ + "limite delle nevi perenni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line on a mountain above which there is perpetual snow and ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "incrocio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point where two lines (paths or arcs etc.) intersect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross section" + ], + "it": [ + "profilo trasversale", + "sezione trasversale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section created by a plane cutting a solid perpendicular to its longest axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culmination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a heavenly body's highest celestial point above an observer's horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ], + "it": [ + "profilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical section of soil from the ground surface to the parent rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territorial and administrative division of some countries (such as France)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descending node" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point at which an orbit crosses the ecliptic plane going south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district that has been developed to serve some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghetto" + ], + "it": [ + "ghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group linked together by economic hardship and social restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential area of similar dwellings built by property developers and usually under a single management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing estate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential area where the houses were all planned and built at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing project", + "public housing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a housing development that is publicly funded and administered for low-income families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig", + "excavation", + "archeological site" + ], + "it": [ + "scavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site of an archeological exploration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbacy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jurisdiction or office of an abbot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archbishopric" + ], + "it": [ + "arcivescovado", + "arcivescovato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territorial jurisdiction of an archbishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archdeaconry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territorial jurisdiction of an archdeacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailiwick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area over which a bailiff has jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliphate" + ], + "it": [ + "califfato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territorial jurisdiction of a caliph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archdiocese" + ], + "it": [ + "archidiocesi", + "arcidiocesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diocese of an archbishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diocese", + "bishopric", + "episcopate" + ], + "it": [ + "diocesi", + "vescovado", + "vescovato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territorial jurisdiction of a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disaster area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region whose population is affected by a general disaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eparchy", + "exarchate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diocese of the Eastern Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theater of war", + "theatre of war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire land, sea, and air area that may become or is directly involved in war operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field", + "field of operations", + "theater", + "theater of operations", + "theatre", + "theatre of operations" + ], + "it": [ + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in which active military operations are in progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone of interior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the theater of war not included in the theater of operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "district", + "territory", + "territorial dominion", + "dominion" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrizione", + "compartimento", + "comprensorio", + "distretto", + "mandamento", + "plaga", + "regione", + "territorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region marked off for administrative or other purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclave" + ], + "it": [ + "enclave", + "exclave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory that surrounds it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federal district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district set apart as the seat of government of a federation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory under the jurisdiction of a count palatine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residential district", + "residential area", + "community" + ], + "it": [ + "zona residenziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planned community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential district that is planned for a certain class of residents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retirement community", + "retirement complex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned community for residents who have retired from an active working life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uptown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential part of town away from the central commercial district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-light district" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "quartiere a luce rossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district with many brothels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suburb", + "suburbia", + "suburban area" + ], + "it": [ + "borgata", + "borgo", + "sobborgo", + "suburbio", + "periferia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential district located on the outskirts of a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exurbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential area outside of a city and beyond suburbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suburban area laid out in streets and lots for a future residential area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedroom community" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a community where many commuters live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faubourg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New Orleans district lying outside the original city limits; used in combination with the names of various quarters of the city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockbroker belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wealthy residential suburb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenement district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential district occupied primarily with tenement houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airspace", + "air space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space in the atmosphere immediately above the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawlspace", + "crawl space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low space beneath a floor of a building; gives workers access to wiring or plumbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk space", + "disc space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the space available on a magnetic disk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk overhead", + "overhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the disk space required for information that is not data but is used for location and timing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swap space", + "swap file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disk space that is set aside for virtual memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance" + ], + "it": [ + "lontananza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distant region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domain", + "demesne", + "land" + ], + "it": [ + "dominio", + "possedimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "territory over which rule or control is exercised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archduchy" + ], + "it": [ + "arciducato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by an archduke or archduchess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barony" + ], + "it": [ + "baronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain of a baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duchy", + "dukedom" + ], + "it": [ + "ducato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by a duke or duchess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earldom" + ], + "it": [ + "contea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by an earl or count or countess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emirate" + ], + "it": [ + "emirato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by an emir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empire", + "imperium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiefdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by a feudal lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand duchy" + ], + "it": [ + "granducato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by a grand duke or grand duchess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscounty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain controlled by a viscount or viscountess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the realm of a khan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom", + "realm" + ], + "it": [ + "reame", + "regno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain ruled by a king or queen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camelot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) the capital of King Arthur's kingdom; according to the legend, truth and goodness and beauty reigned there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principality", + "princedom" + ], + "it": [ + "principato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "territory ruled by a prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kingdom of God" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spiritual domain over which God is sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheikdom", + "sheikhdom" + ], + "it": [ + "sceiccato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain ruled by a sheik" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suzerainty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the domain of a suzerain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "residence", + "abode" + ], + "it": [ + "abitazione", + "dimora", + "domicilio", + "residenza", + "sede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any address at which you dwell more than temporarily" + ], + "it": [ + "l'aver sede, domicilio in qualche luogo, il risiedervi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domicile", + "legal residence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the residence where you have your permanent home or principal establishment and to where, whenever you are absent, you intend to return; every person is compelled to have one and only one domicile at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where you live at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home away from home", + "home from home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where you are just as comfortable and content as if you were home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business address" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "indirizzo sul lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the address at which a business is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump", + "garbage dump", + "trash dump", + "rubbish dump", + "wasteyard", + "waste-yard", + "dumpsite" + ], + "it": [ + "discarica", + "immondezzaio", + "mondezzaio", + "scarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of land where waste materials are dumped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dude ranch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holiday resort offering ranch activities (riding and camping)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeymoon resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort that caters to newlyweds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eitchen midden", + "midden", + "kitchen midden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(archeology) a mound of domestic refuse containing shells and animal bones marking the site of a prehistoric settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earshot", + "earreach", + "hearing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range within which a voice can be heard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view", + "eyeshot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the range of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the northern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the northeastern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the eastern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the southeastern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the southern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the southwestern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west" + ], + "it": [ + "occidente", + "Ovest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the western part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location in the northwestern part of a country, region, or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Earth", + "earth" + ], + "it": [ + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell)" + ], + "it": [ + "sede degli uomini e della vita terrena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern hemisphere", + "orient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hemisphere that includes Eurasia and Africa and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the regions of the world that were known to Europeans before the discovery of the Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East", + "Orient" + ], + "it": [ + "oriente", + "est" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the countries of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Far East" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular expression for the countries of eastern Asia (usually including China and Mongolia and Taiwan and Japan and Korea and Indochina and eastern Siberia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northland" + ], + "it": [ + "Nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any region lying in or toward the north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southland" + ], + "it": [ + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any region lying in or toward the south" + ], + "it": [ + "il sud, con riferimento alla direzione verso cui qualcosa è esposto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East", + "eastern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the United States lying to the north of the Ohio River and to the east of the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southeast", + "southeastern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southeastern region of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southwest", + "southwestern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southwestern region of the United States generally including New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Nevada, California, and sometimes Utah and Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northeast", + "northeastern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northeastern region of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northwest", + "northwestern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northwestern region of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midwest", + "middle west", + "midwestern United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the north central region of the United States (sometimes called the heartland or the breadbasket of America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific Northwest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of the northwestern United States usually including Washington and Oregon and sometimes southwestern British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rustbelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urban areas in New England and Midwest characterized by concentrations of declining industries (steel or textiles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecliptic" + ], + "it": [ + "ecclittica", + "eclittica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great circle representing the apparent annual path of the sun; the plane of the Earth's orbit around the sun; makes an angle of about 23 degrees with the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eden", + "paradise", + "nirvana", + "heaven", + "promised land", + "Shangri-la" + ], + "it": [ + "Eden", + "eden", + "paradiso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any place of complete bliss and delight and peace" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo di felicità e di pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge", + "border" + ], + "it": [ + "bordo", + "orlo", + "margine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary of a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i81999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ], + "it": [ + "estremo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boundary marking the extremities of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "terminal" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità", + "capo", + "bandolo", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either extremity of something that has length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end point", + "endpoint", + "termination", + "terminus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where something ends or is complete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ], + "it": [ + "lato", + "estremità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surface at either extremity of a three-dimensional object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two places from which people are communicating to each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enderby Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of Antarctica between Queen Maud Land and Wilkes Land; claimed by Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environment", + "environs", + "surroundings", + "surround" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area in which something exists or lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finger Lakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area in central New York State that is named for a series of narrow glacial lakes that lie parallel in a north-south direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish", + "destination", + "goal" + ], + "it": [ + "destinazione", + "meta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surrounding environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setting", + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the context and environment in which something is set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a setting for a work of art or literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "element" + ], + "it": [ + "elemento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most favorable environment for a plant or animal" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente naturale in cui si sviluppano animali e piante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equator" + ], + "it": [ + "equatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line around the Earth forming the great circle that is equidistant from the north and south poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremity" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost or farthest region or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extreme point", + "extreme", + "extremum" + ], + "it": [ + "punto estremo", + "estremo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point located farthest from the middle of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area between the tee and putting green where the grass is cut short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmland", + "farming area" + ], + "it": [ + "terreno coltivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rural area where farming is practiced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fault line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) line determined by the intersection of a geological fault and the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo", + "campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed" + ], + "it": [ + "terreno adibito a coltivazione o pascolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field of fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area that a weapon or group of weapons can cover effectively with gun fire from a given position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grounds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land cleared for some special purposes (recreation or burial etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of grassland unbounded by fences or hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hayfield", + "meadow" + ], + "it": [ + "prato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playing field", + "athletic field", + "playing area", + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo sportivo", + "campo", + "campo da gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of land prepared for playing a game" + ], + "it": [ + "area delimitata e attrezzata per attività e competizioni sportive o ricreative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a city where medical facilities are centered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midfield" + ], + "it": [ + "centrocampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the middle part of a playing field (as in football or lacrosse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finishing line", + "finish line" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivo", + "traguardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line indicating the location of the finish of a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebreak", + "fireguard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow field that has been cleared to check the spread of a prairie fire or forest fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firing line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea del fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line from which soldiers deliver fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flea market" + ], + "it": [ + "mercato delle pulci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open-air street market for inexpensive or secondhand articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fleet Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in central London where newspaper offices are situated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(theater) the space over the stage (out of view of the audience) used to store scenery (drop curtains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fixed reference point on the concave side of a conic section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forefront", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part in the front or nearest the viewer" + ], + "it": [ + "parte iniziale, anteriore o superiore di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lines through 1st and 3rd base indicating the boundaries of a baseball field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line across a bowling alley that a bowler must not cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line from which basketball players take penalty shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseline" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lines a baseball player must follow while running the bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frigid Zone", + "polar zone", + "polar region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Earth's surface forming a cap over a pole; characterized by frigid climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front", + "front end", + "forepart" + ], + "it": [ + "davanti", + "frontale", + "muso", + "parte anteriore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is forward or prominent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battlefront", + "front", + "front line" + ], + "it": [ + "fronte", + "prima linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line along which opposing armies face each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage heap", + "junk heap", + "rubbish heap", + "scrapheap", + "trash heap", + "junk pile", + "trash pile", + "refuse heap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accumulation of refuse and discarded matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxic waste dump", + "toxic waste site", + "toxic dumpsite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a location where toxic wastes can be or have been disposed of (often illegally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gathering place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a favorite haunt where people gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geographical area", + "geographic area", + "geographical region", + "geographic region" + ], + "it": [ + "area geografica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demarcated area of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicenter", + "epicentre" + ], + "it": [ + "epicentro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region subject to dust storms; especially the central region of United States subject to dust storms in the 1930s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biogeographical region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of the Earth determined by distribution of flora and fauna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benthos", + "benthic division", + "benthonic zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region including the bottom of the sea and the littoral zones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geographic point", + "geographical point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto geografico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point on the surface of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the restricted quarter of many European cities in which Jews were required to live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goal line" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo", + "linea di fondo", + "linea di porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line marking each end of the playing field or pitch; where the goals stand" + ], + "it": [ + "in diversi giochi sportivi, linea che delimita il campo da gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district where gold is mined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grainfield", + "grain field" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "campo di cereali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field where grain is grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular line on the surface of a sphere formed by intersecting it with a plane passing through the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green", + "putting green", + "putting surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of closely cropped grass surrounding the hole on a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenbelt", + "greenway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt of parks or rural land surrounding a town or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point of detonation (or above or below) of a nuclear weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site of the World Trade Center before it was destroyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitat", + "home ground" + ], + "it": [ + "ambiente", + "habitat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the native habitat or home of an animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-mast", + "half-staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position some distance below the top of a mast to which a flag is lowered in mourning or to signal distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harley Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in central London where the consulting rooms of many physicians and surgeons are located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchery" + ], + "it": [ + "vivaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions (especially fish eggs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haunt", + "hangout", + "resort", + "repair", + "stamping ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frequently visited place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearth", + "fireside" + ], + "it": [ + "camino", + "focolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area near a fireplace (usually paved and extending out into a room)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central region of a country or continent; especially a region that is important to a country or to a culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in which game is hunted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "D-layer", + "D region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest region of the ionosphere (35 to 50 miles up) that reflects low-frequency radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appleton layer", + "F layer", + "F region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest region of the ionosphere (from 90 to 600 miles up) which contains the highest concentration of free electrons and is most useful for long-range radio transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heaviside layer", + "Kennelly-Heaviside layer", + "E layer", + "E region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of the ionosphere (from 50 to 90 miles up) that reflects radio waves of medium length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hell", + "hell on earth", + "hellhole", + "snake pit", + "the pits", + "inferno" + ], + "it": [ + "inferno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any place of pain and turmoil" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo o situazione che procura tormento e sofferenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemisphere" + ], + "it": [ + "emisfero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half of the terrestrial globe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line formed by the lower edge of a skirt or coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heronry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breeding ground for herons; a heron rookery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hipline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line formed by the lower edge of hip-length garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hipline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line formed by measuring the hip at its greatest part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a predetermined hiding place for the deposit and distribution of illicit goods (such as drugs or stolen property)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop used for the clandestine exchange of intelligence information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hideout", + "hideaway", + "den" + ], + "it": [ + "covo", + "tana", + "nascondiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hiding place; usually a remote place used by outlaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurking place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place suitable for lurking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiding place" + ], + "it": [ + "coviglio", + "nascondiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place suitable for hiding something (such as yourself)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high", + "heights" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilltop", + "brow" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sommità della collina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peak of a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole-in-the-wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small unpretentious out-of-the-way place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holy place", + "sanctum", + "holy" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo sacro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sacred place of pilgrimage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home" + ], + "it": [ + "patria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place where something began and flourished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a concentrated source (especially of radiation or pollution) that is spatially constricted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail head", + "trailhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beginning of a trail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home range", + "home territory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area in which an animal normally ranges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizon", + "apparent horizon", + "visible horizon", + "sensible horizon", + "skyline" + ], + "it": [ + "orizzonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizon", + "celestial horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great circle on the celestial sphere whose plane passes through the sensible horizon and the center of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse latitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two belts or regions near 30 degrees north or 30 degrees south; characterized by calms and light-baffling winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot spot", + "hotspot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point of relatively intense heat or radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot spot", + "hotspot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of political unrest and potential violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angular distance along the celestial equator from the observer's meridian to the hour circle of a given celestial body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hour circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great circle on the celestial sphere that passes through both celestial poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "sede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junkyard" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field where junk is collected and stored for resale" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito di robivecchi e anticaglie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justiciary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jurisdiction of a justiciar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservation", + "reserve" + ], + "it": [ + "bandita", + "riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district that is reserved for particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian reservation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reservation set aside for the use of Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reservation where animals are protected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooting preserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preserve on which hunting is permitted during certain months of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district whose public schools are administered together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former administrative district of England; equivalent to a county" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrial park" + ], + "it": [ + "zona industriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land at a distance from city center that is designed for a cluster of businesses and factories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside", + "interior" + ], + "it": [ + "dentro", + "di dentro", + "didentro", + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner or enclosed surface of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside", + "interior" + ], + "it": [ + "dentro", + "di dentro", + "didentro", + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region that is inside of something" + ], + "it": [ + "zona che è dentro qualchecosa, al suo interno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hollow inside of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the interior part of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midst", + "thick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location of something surrounded by other things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetralia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the innermost parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "ionosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer region of the Earth's atmosphere; contains a high concentration of free electrons" + ], + "it": [ + "al parte dell'atmosfera al di sopra dei 60 Km di altezza dal livello marino, fortemente ionizzata dalle radiazioni ultraviolette del sole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irredenta", + "irridenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region that is related ethnically or historically to one country but is controlled politically by another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isobar" + ], + "it": [ + "isobara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology)an isogram connecting points having equal barometric pressure at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isochrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isogram connecting points at which something occurs or arrives at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isoclinic line", + "isoclinal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isogram connecting points of equal magnetic inclination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isogram", + "isopleth", + "isarithm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line drawn on a map connecting points having the same numerical value of some variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isohel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isogram connecting points receiving equal amounts of sunshine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isotherm" + ], + "it": [ + "isoterma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) an isogram connecting points having the same temperature at a given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jurisdiction" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrizione", + "competenza", + "territorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in law; the territory within which power can be exercised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "range of jurisdiction or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key", + "paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) a space (including the foul line) in front of the basket at each end of a basketball court; usually painted a different color from the rest of the court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country with a king as head of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lair", + "den" + ], + "it": [ + "tana", + "covo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the habitation of wild animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launching site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place for launching pads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawn" + ], + "it": [ + "prato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field of cultivated and mowed grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under another" + ], + "it": [ + "striscia di territorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the position taken by a base runner preparing to advance to the next base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lee", + "lee side", + "leeward" + ], + "it": [ + "poggia", + "sottovento", + "lato sottovento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of something that is sheltered from the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the circumferential edge of the apparent disc of the sun or the moon or a planet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit", + "demarcation", + "demarcation line" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera", + "confine", + "demarcazione", + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary of a specific area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper limit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower limit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limit on the lower (or southernmost) side of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit" + ], + "it": [ + "limite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as far as something can go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spatial location defined by a real or imaginary unidimensional extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in games or sports; a mark indicating positions or bounds of the playing area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "fronte", + "linea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortified position (especially one marking the most forward position of troops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place where airplanes are parked and the maintenance hangars (but not the runways or taxiways)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of battle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line formed by troops or ships prepared to deliver or receive an attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) the part of the line of battle that projects closest to the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line along which warring troops meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of flight" + ], + "it": [ + "linea aerea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path along which a freely moving object travels through the air" + ], + "it": [ + "rotta seguita da un aeromobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the route along which a column advances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of sight", + "line of vision" + ], + "it": [ + "visuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary straight line along which an observer looks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latitude", + "line of latitude", + "parallel of latitude", + "parallel" + ], + "it": [ + "latitudine", + "parallelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar latitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line around the moon parallel to its equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "littoral", + "litoral", + "littoral zone", + "sands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the shore of a lake or sea or ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loading zone", + "loading area" + ], + "it": [ + "zona di carico e scarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stop where carriers can be loaded and unloaded" + ], + "it": [ + "zona adibita al carico e scarico delle merci" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load line", + "Plimsoll line", + "Plimsoll mark", + "Plimsoll" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di immersione massima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterlines to show the level the water should reach when the ship is properly loaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lombard Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in central London containing many of the major London banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angular distance between a point on any meridian and the prime meridian at Greenwich" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitehall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide street in London stretching from Trafalgar Square to the Houses of Parliament; site of many government offices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trafalgar Square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a square in central London where there is a memorial to Admiral Nelson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lookout", + "observation post" + ], + "it": [ + "osservatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevated post affording a wide view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maghreb", + "Mahgrib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of northwest Africa comprising the Atlas Mountains and the coastlands of Morocco and Algeria and Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two points where the lines of force of the Earth's magnetic field are vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate", + "mandatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory surrendered by Turkey or Germany after World War I and put under the tutelage of some other European power until they are able to stand by themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross-shaped monument set up in the marketplace of a town where public business is often conducted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point on a curve where the tangent changes from positive on the left to negative on the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grassland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land where grass or grasslike vegetation grows and is the dominant form of plant life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mecca" + ], + "it": [ + "mecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place that attracts many visitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melting pot" + ], + "it": [ + "crogiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an environment in which many ideas and races are socially assimilated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meridian", + "line of longitude" + ], + "it": [ + "meridiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary great circle on the surface of the earth passing through the north and south poles at right angles to the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observer's meridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meridian that passes through the observer's zenith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime meridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meridian at zero degree longitude from which east and west are reckoned (usually the Greenwich longitude in England)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenwich Meridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the meridian passing through Greenwich; was internationally adopted as the earth's zero of longitude in 1884" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic meridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line passing through both magnetic poles of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dateline", + "date line", + "International Date Line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea del cambiamento di data" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line on the surface of the earth following (approximately) the 180th meridian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorological observation post", + "weather station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a network of observation posts where meteorological data is recorded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some point in the air; above ground level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point on a curve where the tangent changes from negative on the left to positive on the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monument" + ], + "it": [ + "monumento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important site that is marked and preserved as public property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud flat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "distesa fangosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of low muddy land near an estuary; covered at high tide and exposed at low tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nadir" + ], + "it": [ + "nadir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point below the observer that is directly opposite the zenith on the imaginary sphere against which celestial bodies appear to be projected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national park" + ], + "it": [ + "parco nazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land declared by the national government to be public property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acadia National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Maine showing marine erosion and glaciation; includes seashore and also the highest point on the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arches National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Utah including mountains and the Colorado River gorge and huge rock formations caused by erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Badlands National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in South Dakota having multicolored peaks and spires resulting from erosion; fossil sites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a triangular area in southwestern Texas on the Mexican border; formed by a bend in the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Bend National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large national park in Texas featuring mountains and desert and canyons and wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biscayne National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Florida having underwater coral reefs and marine life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryce Canyon National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Utah having multicolored rock erosions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canyonlands National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Utah having rock formations and ancient cliff dwellings; canyons of the Green River and the Colorado River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capitol Reef National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Utah having colorful rock formations and desert plants and wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carlsbad Caverns National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in New Mexico featuring what is probably the world's largest cavern with spectacular underground formations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Channel Islands National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California featuring sea birds and marine life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crater Lake National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Oregon having the deepest lake in the United States in the crater of an extinct volcano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denali National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large national park in Alaska having peaks of the Alaska Range (including Mount McKinley) and the huge Denali fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Everglades National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Florida containing an immense subtropical wilderness with mangrove swamps and rare birds and wild animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gates of the Arctic National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large national park in Alaska featuring the Great Mendenhall Glacier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Canyon National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Arizona including the mile deep canyon of the Colorado River which shows geologic features and fossil plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Teton National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Wyoming featuring mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Smoky Mountains National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Tennessee and North Carolina that includes the highest mountain in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalupe Mountains National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Texas that has the highest point in Texas; includes desert wilderness and the ancient Apache hunting grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haleakala National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Hawaii including a dormant volcano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaii Volcanoes National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Hawaii featuring active volcanoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hot Springs National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Arkansas featuring ancient hot springs; bathing is said to have therapeutic effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isle Royal National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park on an island in Michigan; includes prehistoric iron mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katmai National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Alaska featuring mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenai Fjords National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Alaska having mountains and whale watching and ancient Indian copper mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kings Canyon National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California that has giant sequoia trees and alpine lakes and glaciers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kobuk Valley National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Alaska having mountains and forests and tundra and sand dunes and archeological sites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Clark National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Alaska having Eskimo and Athapaskan archeological sites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lassen Volcanic National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California having mountains and volcanic lakes and hot springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammoth Cave National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Kentucky having a large cavern and an underground river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesa Verde National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Colorado containing prehistoric cliff dwellings; semiarid landscape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Ranier National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Washington having mountain terrain featuring glaciers and alpine lakes and streams and swamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Cascades National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Washington that is an alpine wilderness area featuring gold rush and logging campsites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympic National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Washington having rain forests of giant evergreens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petrified Forest National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Arizona having the world's largest collection of petrified coniferous trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platt National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Oklahoma having mineral springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Redwood National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California featuring a redwood forest and Pacific Ocean coastline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Colorado having mountains and lakes and streams and forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sequoia National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California that includes Mount Whitney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shenandoah National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Virginia for the Blue Ridge Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theodore Roosevelt Memorial National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in North Dakota that includes the site of former President Theodore Roosevelt's ranch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgin Islands National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in the Virgin Islands having tropical plants and animals; sandy beaches and coral reefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Voyageurs National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Minnesota having ancient rock outcroppings and evergreen forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wind Cave National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in South Dakota featuring bison herds and limestone caverns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of something that is toward the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wrangell-St. Elias National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest national park of the United States; located in Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yellowstone National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first national park in the United States; located in the border area between Wyoming and Montana and Idaho; spectacular wilderness; famous for Old Faithful geyser and for buffalo and bears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yosemite National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in California famous for its waterfalls and rock formations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zion National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Utah having huge canyons and gorges carved by mountain rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nesting place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place suitable for nesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-go area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area that is dangerous or impossible to enter or to which entry is forbidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no man's land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unoccupied area between the front lines of opposing armies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nombril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the center point on a shield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-parking zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space where automobiles are not allowed to park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north celestial pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo nord celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the celestial pole above the northern hemisphere; near Polaris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern hemisphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hemisphere that is to the north of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northernmost point of the Earth's axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the country of origin of an immigrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbit", + "celestial orbit" + ], + "it": [ + "orbita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the (usually elliptical) path described by one celestial body in its revolution about another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orbit", + "electron orbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path of an electron around the nucleus of an atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geosynchronous orbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular orbit around the Earth having a period of 24 hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geostationary orbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geosynchronous orbit that is fixed with respect to a position on the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outline", + "lineation" + ], + "it": [ + "contorno", + "profilo", + "sagomatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the line that appears to bound an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastline" + ], + "it": [ + "costa", + "litorale", + "littorale", + "marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outline of a coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper route", + "paper round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the route taken when delivering newspapers every day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ], + "it": [ + "profilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outline of something (especially a human face as seen from one side)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silhouette" + ], + "it": [ + "silhouette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outline of a solid object (as cast by its shadow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside", + "exterior" + ], + "it": [ + "esterno", + "fuori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer side or surface of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outside", + "exterior" + ], + "it": [ + "esterno", + "fuori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region that is outside of something" + ], + "it": [ + "zona che sta fuori da qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdoors", + "out-of-doors", + "open air", + "open" + ], + "it": [ + "scoperto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where the air is unconfined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outstation", + "outpost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a station in a remote or sparsely populated location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high place affording a good view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddy", + "paddy field", + "rice paddy" + ], + "it": [ + "risaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panhandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively narrow strip of land projecting from some larger area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area for holding parades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open area for holding fairs or exhibitions or circuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place at a fair or carnival where sideshows and similar amusements are located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of ground free of obstacles to movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parish" + ], + "it": [ + "parrocchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the local subdivision of a diocese committed to one pastor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park", + "parkland" + ], + "it": [ + "parco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park", + "commons", + "common", + "green" + ], + "it": [ + "giardino pubblico", + "parco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking lot", + "car park", + "park", + "parking area" + ], + "it": [ + "autoparcheggio", + "autoparco", + "parcheggio", + "parco", + "posteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lot where cars are parked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parking space", + "parking zone" + ], + "it": [ + "parcheggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space where an automobile can be parked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the local environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasture", + "pastureland", + "grazing land", + "lea", + "ley" + ], + "it": [ + "pascolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "path", + "route", + "itinerary" + ], + "it": [ + "itinerario", + "percorso", + "rotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an established line of travel or access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beeline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most direct route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an established itinerary of venues or events that a particular group of people travel to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosscut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diagonal path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply line", + "supply route" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a route over which supplies can be delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path of a missile discharged from a firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migration route", + "flyway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geographic route along which birds customarily migrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the usual course taken by vessels through a harbor or coastal waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarchate" + ], + "it": [ + "patriarcato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the jurisdiction of a patriarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peak", + "crown", + "crest", + "top", + "tip", + "summit" + ], + "it": [ + "apice", + "cima", + "cocuzzolo", + "colmo", + "cucuzzolo", + "culmine", + "cuspide", + "giogo", + "picco", + "pizzo", + "punta", + "sommità", + "vetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top or extreme point of something (usually a mountain or hill)" + ], + "it": [ + "punto piu` alto di una montagna o collina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periapsis", + "point of periapsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the point in an orbit closest to the body being orbited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perigee" + ], + "it": [ + "perigeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periapsis in Earth orbit; the point in its orbit where a satellite is nearest to the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perihelion" + ], + "it": [ + "perielio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periapsis in solar orbit; the point in the orbit of a planet or comet where it is nearest to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perijove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periapsis in orbit around Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periselene", + "perilune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periapsis in orbit around the moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pesthole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breeding ground for epidemic disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picnic area", + "picnic ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land set aside for picnicking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinnacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lofty peak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie" + ], + "it": [ + "prateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a treeless grassy plain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public square", + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open area at the meeting of two or more streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaza", + "place", + "piazza" + ], + "it": [ + "piazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public square with room for pedestrians" + ], + "it": [ + "una pubblica piazza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll plaza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where tollbooths are located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the precise location of something; a spatially limited location" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo, limitato e circoscritto, precisamente individuato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abutment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point of contact between two objects or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two antipodal points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects the Earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole", + "celestial pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two points of intersection of the Earth's axis and the celestial sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most favorable position at the start of a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polls" + ], + "it": [ + "seggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where people vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride of place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first or highest or most important or most ostentatious place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "posto", + "posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the particular portion of space occupied by something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appropriate or customary location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several points on the body where the pulse can be felt and where pressure on an underlying artery will control bleeding from that artery at a more distal point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military position", + "position" + ], + "it": [ + "appostamento", + "posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point occupied by troops for tactical reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) position of a planet as defined by its angular distance from its perihelion (as observed from the sun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "site", + "situation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physical position in relation to the surroundings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close quarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a situation of being uncomfortably close to someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the specific site of a particular gene on its chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locus of infection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the specific site in the body where an infection originates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restriction site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the specific sites at which a restriction enzyme will cleave DNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "setting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical position of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juxtaposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a side-by-side position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie" + ], + "it": [ + "posizione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position or manner in which something is situated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post", + "station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "posteggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vendor's position (especially on the sidewalk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position of a prominent or well-known object in a particular landscape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ], + "it": [ + "destra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "location near or direction toward the right side; i.e. the side to the south when a person or object faces east" + ], + "it": [ + "il lato, la parte, la direzione corrispondenti alla mano destra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage right", + "right stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the stage on the actor's right as the actor faces the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left" + ], + "it": [ + "sinistra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage left", + "left stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the stage on the actor's left as the actor faces the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back", + "rear" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer" + ], + "it": [ + "il punto più distante rispetto a chi guarda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of something that is nearest to the normal viewer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "municipality" + ], + "it": [ + "comune", + "municipalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban district having corporate status and powers of self-government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planned urban community created in a rural or undeveloped area and designed to be self-sufficient with its own housing and education and commerce and recreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ], + "it": [ + "posto di vedetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevated place serving as a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter's field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cemetery for unknown or indigent people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefecture" + ], + "it": [ + "prefettura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the district administered by a prefect (as in France or Japan or the Roman Empire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premises" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land and the buildings on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectorate", + "associated state" + ], + "it": [ + "protettorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state or territory partly controlled by (but not a possession of) a stronger state but autonomous in internal affairs; protectorates are established by treaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by two orthogonal coordinate axes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadrant", + "quarter-circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarter of the circumference of a circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ], + "it": [ + "contrada", + "rione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of a city having some distinguishing character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kasbah", + "casbah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an older or native quarter of many cities in northern Africa; the quarter in which the citadel is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient quarter of many cities in northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queen Maud Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of Antarctica between Enderby Land and the Weddell Sea; claimed by Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radius" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circular region whose area is indicated by the length of its radius" + ], + "it": [ + "area pressapoco cicolare determinato da un dato raggio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain shadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area that has little precipitation because some barrier causes the winds to lose their moisture before reaching it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range", + "reach" + ], + "it": [ + "portata", + "gittata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limits within which something can be effective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range" + ], + "it": [ + "prateria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear", + "backside", + "back end" + ], + "it": [ + "di dietro", + "didietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side of an object that is opposite its front" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direction toward the rear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that is colored red and that bisects an ice hockey rink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "region", + "part" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extended spatial location of something" + ], + "it": [ + "l'area presa in considerazione di qualcosa o di un luogo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "region" + ], + "it": [ + "regione", + "terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth" + ], + "it": [ + "ampia zona della superficie terrestre distinta per caratteristiche proprie, quali conformazione del terreno, clima, fauna, flora, ecc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory that is controlled by a ruling state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipodes" + ], + "it": [ + "antipodi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle range", + "rifle shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distance that a rifle bullet will carry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unknown", + "unknown region", + "terra incognita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown and unexplored region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staging area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where troops and equipment in transit are assembled before a military operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhumb line", + "rhumb", + "loxodrome" + ], + "it": [ + "linea dei rombi", + "lossodromia", + "lossodromica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line on a sphere that cuts all meridians at the same angle; the path taken by a ship or plane that maintains a constant compass direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declination", + "celestial latitude", + "dec" + ], + "it": [ + "declinazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial body north or to the south of the celestial equator; expressed in degrees; used with right ascension to specify positions on the celestial sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right ascension", + "RA", + "celestial longitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the equatorial coordinate specifying the angle, measured eastward along the celestial equator, from the vernal equinox to the intersection of the hour circle that passes through an object in the sky; usually expressed in hours and minutes and seconds; used with declination to specify positions on the celestial sphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterfront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of a city (such as a harbor or dockyard) alongside a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seafront" + ], + "it": [ + "lungomare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the waterfront of a seaside town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ], + "it": [ + "porto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrepot", + "transshipment center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port where merchandise can be imported and then exported without paying import duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port open on equal terms to all commercial vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the port from which a ship originates of where it is registered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subsidiary port built in deeper water than the original port (but usually farther from the center of trade)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port of entry", + "point of entry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in the United States where customs officials are stationed to oversee the entry and exit of people and merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaport", + "haven", + "harbor", + "harbour" + ], + "it": [ + "porto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaling station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport where ships can take on supplies of coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port of call" + ], + "it": [ + "scalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any port where a ship stops except its home port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free port", + "free zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area adjoining a port where goods that are intended for reshipment can be received and stored without payment of duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchorage", + "anchorage ground" + ], + "it": [ + "ancoraggio", + "fonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place for vessels to anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treaty port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in China or Korea or Japan that once was open to foreign trade on the basis of a trading treaty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mooring", + "moorage", + "berth", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "attracco", + "ormeggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where a craft can be made fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roads", + "roadstead" + ], + "it": [ + "rada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partly sheltered anchorage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dockyard" + ], + "it": [ + "arsenale", + "cantiere", + "darsena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an establishment on the waterfront where vessels are built or fitted out or repaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resort", + "resort hotel", + "holiday resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel located in a resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resort area", + "playground", + "vacation spot" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo di villeggiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where many people go for recreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicinity", + "locality", + "neighborhood", + "neighbourhood", + "neck of the woods" + ], + "it": [ + "adiacenza", + "adiacenze", + "circondario", + "dintorni", + "nei pressi di", + "paraggi", + "prossimità", + "vicinanza", + "vicinanze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surrounding or nearby region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rich neighborhood noted for expensive homes and luxurious living; usually along a coastal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "'hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a neighborhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general vicinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block", + "city block" + ], + "it": [ + "isolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rectangular area in a city surrounded by streets and usually containing several buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighborhood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area within a city or town that has some distinctive features (especially one forming a community)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proximity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region close around a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence", + "front" + ], + "it": [ + "cospetto", + "presenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the immediate proximity of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendezvous" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di ritrovo", + "luogo di ritrovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place where people meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of privacy; a place affording peace and quiet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(India) a place of religious retreat for Hindus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ashram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of religious retreat modeled after the Indian ashram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camp David" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retreat to the northwest of Washington that is used by the president of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nook" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo", + "cantuccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheltered and secluded place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cosy or secluded retreat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleasance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasant and secluded part of a garden; usually attached to a mansion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safety", + "refuge" + ], + "it": [ + "asilo", + "ricovero", + "rifugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a safe place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harborage", + "harbourage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) a place of refuge (as for a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dangerous place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danger line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line beyond which it is dangerous to go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rookery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a breeding ground for gregarious birds (such as rooks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubicon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary in ancient times between Italy and Gaul; Caesar's crossing it with his army in 49 BC was an act of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country", + "rural area" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area outside of cities and towns" + ], + "it": [ + "zona rurale lontana dai centri abitati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countryside" + ], + "it": [ + "campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rural regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrubland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncultivated region covered with scrub vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of open or forested country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of open rolling country (especially upland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safari park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of parkland where wild animals are kept and can be viewed by visitors driving through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanctum", + "sanctum sanctorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place of inviolable privacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandlot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vacant lot used by city boys to play games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savanna", + "savannah" + ], + "it": [ + "savana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat grassland in tropical or subtropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo", + "teatro", + "scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the place where some action occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illuminated area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darkness", + "dark", + "shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "ombra", + "scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unilluminated area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field of honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scene of a duel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenery" + ], + "it": [ + "paesaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the appearance of a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape" + ], + "it": [ + "paesaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seascape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a view of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space where a division or parting occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolyard" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cortile della scuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yard associated with a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churchyard", + "God's acre" + ], + "it": [ + "cimitero", + "sagrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yard associated with a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place that is scoured (especially by running water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ], + "it": [ + "sede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a center of authority (as a city from which authority is exercised)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section", + "plane section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geometry) the area created by a plane cutting through a solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinct region or subdivision of a territorial or political area or community or group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sector" + ], + "it": [ + "scacchiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portion of a military position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service area" + ], + "it": [ + "area di servizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a highway providing garage services and eating and toilet facilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showplace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place that is frequently exhibited and visited for its historical interest or natural beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrubbery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where a number of shrubs are planted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line segment forming part of the perimeter of a plane figure" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei segmenti che uniscono tra di loro i vertici consecutivi di un poligono" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "lato", + "fianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location" + ], + "it": [ + "zona laterale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedside" + ], + "it": [ + "capezzale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space by the side of a bed (especially the bed of a sick or dying person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side on which your vision is limited or obstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dockside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region adjacent to a boat dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is on the east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a position given by its location to the side of an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is on the north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a wharf that is next to a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is on the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side that is on the west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimmage line", + "line of scrimmage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line parallel to the goal lines where football linesmen line up at the start of each play in American football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service line", + "baseline" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the back line bounding each end of a tennis or handball court; when serving the server must not step over this line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideline", + "out of bounds" + ], + "it": [ + "linea laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line that marks the side boundary of a playing field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "site", + "land site" + ], + "it": [ + "sede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outline of objects seen against the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slum", + "slum area" + ], + "it": [ + "quartiere povero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shantytown" + ], + "it": [ + "baraccopoli", + "bidonville", + "favela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district inhabited by people living in huts and shanties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the district of a town frequented by loggers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid row" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district frequented by vagrants and alcoholics and addicts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort with lodging and facilities for skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solitary place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern hemisphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hemisphere to the south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southernmost point of the Earth's axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south celestial pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polo sud celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the celestial pole above the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "spazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area reserved for some particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region above the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum", + "vacuity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region that is devoid of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphere", + "sphere of influence" + ], + "it": [ + "orbita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geographical area in which one nation is very influential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the position where a thing or person stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "starting line", + "scratch", + "scratch line" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di partenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touchline" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di touche", + "linea laterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of the sidelines in soccer or rugby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in football; line parallel to the goal lines indicating position on the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eparchy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state", + "province" + ], + "it": [ + "provincia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 50 states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) the location to which a ship or fleet is assigned for duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stonehenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient megalithic monument in southern England; probably used for ritual purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "fermata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spot where something halts or pauses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopover", + "way station" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stopping place on a journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratum" + ], + "it": [ + "falda", + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in west central London famous for its theaters and hotels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substrate", + "substratum" + ], + "it": [ + "sostrato", + "substrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any stratum or layer lying underneath another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superstrate", + "superstratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any stratum or layer superimposed on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specific layer or stratum of soil or subsoil in a vertical cross section of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soil horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer in a soil profile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "A-horizon", + "A horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top layer of a soil profile; usually contains humus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-horizon", + "B horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immediately below the A-horizon; contains deposits of organic matter leached from surface soils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "C-horizon", + "C horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beneath the B-horizon and above the bedrock; consisting of weathered rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geological horizon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of rock with a particular composition (especially of fossils); for dating the stratum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seam", + "bed" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "giacimento", + "vena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stratum of ore or coal thick enough to be mined with profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal seam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seam of coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a coal seam that is being cut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino", + "giacimento", + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalfield" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino carbonifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region where there is coal underground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region where there is natural gas underground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region rich in petroleum deposits (especially one with producing oil wells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point where three areas or surfaces meet or intersect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substrate", + "substratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surface on which an organism grows or is attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface" + ], + "it": [ + "superficie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area used exclusively for storing petroleum in large tanks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target", + "target area" + ], + "it": [ + "bersaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location of the target that is to be hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the target of a projectile (as a bomb or missile)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax haven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country or independent region where taxes are low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee", + "teeing ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the starting place for each hole on a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxic site", + "toxic waste area", + "Superfund site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a site where toxic wastes have been dumped and the Environmental Protection Agency has designated them to be cleaned up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a toxic waste area where the polluter could not be identified or the polluter refused to take action or pay for the cleanup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temperate Zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Earth's surface between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer or between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by temperate climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Temperate Zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Temperate Zone between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Temperate Zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Temperate Zone between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terreplein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "level space where heavy guns can be mounted behind the parapet at the top of a rampart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testing ground", + "laboratory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region resembling a laboratory inasmuch as it offers opportunities for observation and practice and experimentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theme park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amusement park that is organized around some theme (as the world of tomorrow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "three-mile limit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the limit of a nation's territorial waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip" + ], + "it": [ + "punta", + "puntale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extreme end of something; especially something pointed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "top side", + "upper side", + "upside" + ], + "it": [ + "di sopra", + "disopra", + "cima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest or uppermost side of anything" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte, spesso la superficie superiore di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desktop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top of a desk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rooftop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top of a (usually flat) roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "alto", + "cima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of anything" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte superiore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "cima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the top of something" + ], + "it": [ + "estremità superiore di un oggetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiptop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the extreme top or summit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topographic point", + "place", + "spot" + ], + "it": [ + "posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point located with respect to surface features of some region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool", + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something resembling a pool of liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torrid Zone", + "tropical zone", + "tropics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Earth's surface between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by a hot climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town" + ], + "it": [ + "città", + "cittadina", + "paese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colloquial American term for a town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town enjoying sudden prosperity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow town", + "cowtown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small town in a cattle-raising area of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost town" + ], + "it": [ + "città fantasma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deserted settlement (especially in western United States)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hometown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the town (or city) where you grew up or where you have your principal residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Main Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small town (or the people who inhabit it); generally used to represent parochialism and materialism (after a novel by Sinclair Lewis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (usually small) town where a public market is held at stated times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "township", + "town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative division of a county" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district into which a city or town is divided for the purpose of administration and elections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settlement" + ], + "it": [ + "insediamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where a group of families live together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "village", + "hamlet" + ], + "it": [ + "borgata", + "casale", + "vico", + "villaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settlement smaller than a town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kampong", + "campong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native village in Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kraal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village of huts for native Africans in southern Africa; usually surrounded by a stockade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pueblo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communal village built by Indians in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tract", + "piece of land", + "piece of ground", + "parcel of land", + "parcel" + ], + "it": [ + "appezzamento", + "appezzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extended area of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdivision" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area composed of subdivided lots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtropics", + "semitropics" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regions adjacent to the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land containing explosive mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of ground having specific characteristics or military potential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot", + "plot of land", + "plot of ground", + "patch" + ], + "it": [ + "appezzamento", + "lotto", + "orticello", + "terreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lot" + ], + "it": [ + "lotto", + "lotto di terreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parcel of land having fixed boundaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropic" + ], + "it": [ + "tropico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two parallels of latitude about 23.5 degrees to the north and south of the equator representing the points farthest north and south at which the sun can shine directly overhead and constituting the boundaries of the Torrid Zone or tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tropic of Cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of latitude about 23 degrees to the north of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tropic of Capricorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of latitude about 23 degrees to the south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust territory", + "trusteeship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dependent country; administered by another country under the supervision of the United Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urban area", + "populated area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area constituting a city or town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urban area in a Spanish-speaking country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish-speaking quarter in a town or city (especially in the United States)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "used-car lot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parking lot where a dealer in used-cars displays cars for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacant lot", + "building site" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lot on which there are no permanent buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van Allen belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt of charged particles (resulting from cosmic rays) above the Earth trapped by the Earth's magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanishing point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point beyond which something disappears or ceases to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or situation affording some advantage (especially a comprehensive view or commanding perspective)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vantage point", + "viewpoint" + ], + "it": [ + "punto d'osservazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place from which something can be viewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veld", + "veldt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevated open grassland in southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in law: the jurisdiction where a trial will be held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venue", + "locale", + "locus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertex", + "peak", + "apex", + "acme" + ], + "it": [ + "apice", + "culmine", + "vertice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest point (of something)" + ], + "it": [ + "la sommità, il punto più alto, più elevato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vertical circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great circle on the celestial sphere passing through the zenith and perpendicular to the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viceroyalty" + ], + "it": [ + "vicereame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district or province governed by a viceroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous area of Antarctica bounded by the Ross Sea and Wilkes Land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "village green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village park consisting of a plot of grassy land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warren", + "rabbit warren" + ], + "it": [ + "labirinto", + "dedalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an overcrowded residential area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watering place", + "watering hole", + "spa" + ], + "it": [ + "stazione termale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a health resort near a spring or at the seaside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterline", + "water line", + "water level" + ], + "it": [ + "linea di galleggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line corresponding to the surface of the water when the vessel is afloat on an even keel; often painted on the hull of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water line", + "watermark" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "segno della marea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line marking the level reached by a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-water mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line marking the highest level reached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-water mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line marking the lowest level reached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watershed", + "water parting", + "divide" + ], + "it": [ + "displuvio", + "spartiacque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge of land that separates two adjacent river systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental divide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the watershed of a continent (especially the watershed of North America formed by a series of mountain ridges extending from Alaska to Mexico)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Divide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the continental divide formed by the Rocky Mountains in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direction", + "way" + ], + "it": [ + "direzione", + "strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line leading to a place or point" + ], + "it": [ + "percorso da un luogo a un altro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade route" + ], + "it": [ + "rotta commerciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a route followed by traders (usually in caravans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silk Road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean (4,000 miles); followed by Marco Polo in the 13th century to reach Cathay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northwest Passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water route between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean along the northern coast of North America; Europeans since the 16th century had searched for a short route to the Far East before it was successfully traversed by Roald Amundsen (1903-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearing", + "heading", + "aim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction or path along which something moves or along which it lies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack" + ], + "it": [ + "andatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heading or position of a vessel relative to the trim of its sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course", + "trend" + ], + "it": [ + "corso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general line of orientation" + ], + "it": [ + "movimento verso qualche direzione, specialmente in riferimento ad una massa d'acqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east-west direction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a direction parallel with lines of latitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north-south direction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in a direction parallel with lines of longitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qibla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the direction of the Kaaba toward which Muslims turn for their daily prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendency", + "trend" + ], + "it": [ + "andamento", + "indirizzo", + "orientamento", + "tendenza", + "trend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general direction in which something tends to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave front", + "wavefront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an imaginary surface joining all points in space that are reached at the same instant by a wave propagating through a medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkes Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coastal region of Antarctica on the Indian Ocean to the south of Australia; most of the territory is claimed by Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western hemisphere", + "occident", + "New World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hemisphere that includes North America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West", + "Occident" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West", + "western United States" + ], + "it": [ + "Ovest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the United States lying to the west of the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wild West" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the western United States during its frontier period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheatfield", + "wheat field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field planted with wheat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whereabouts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the general location where something is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilderness", + "wild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild and uninhabited area left in its natural condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winner's circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small area at a racecourse where awards are given to the owners of winning horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finishing line for a foot race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the finishing line on a racetrack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workspace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "space allocated for your work (as in an office)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land enclosed for particular activities (sometimes paved and usually associated with buildings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiltyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) an enclosed field for tilting contests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tract of land where logs are accumulated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zenith" + ], + "it": [ + "zenit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point above the observer that is directly opposite the nadir on the imaginary sphere against which celestial bodies appear to be projected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exaltation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location of a planet in the zodiac at which it is believed to exert its maximum influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zodiac" + ], + "it": [ + "zodiaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt-shaped region in the heavens on either side to the ecliptic; divided into 12 constellations or signs for astrological purposes" + ], + "it": [ + "la successioni delle dodici costellazioni disposte lungo l'eclittica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign of the zodiac", + "star sign", + "sign", + "mansion", + "house", + "planetary house" + ], + "it": [ + "casa astrologica", + "segno zodiacale", + "segno", + "casa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided" + ], + "it": [ + "una delle 12 aree nelle quali è diviso lo zodiaco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aries", + "Aries the Ram", + "Ram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first sign of the zodiac which the sun enters at the vernal equinox; the sun is in this sign from about March 21 to April 19" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taurus", + "Taurus the Bull", + "Bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about April 20 to May 20" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gemini", + "Gemini the Twins", + "Twins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about May 21 to June 20" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancer", + "Cancer the Crab", + "Crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo", + "Leo the Lion", + "Lion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fifth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about July 23 to August 22" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgo", + "Virgo the Virgin", + "Virgin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sixth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about August 23 to September 22" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libra", + "Libra the Balance", + "Balance", + "Libra the Scales" + ], + "it": [ + "bilancia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seventh sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about September 23 to October 22" + ], + "it": [ + "il settimo segno dello zodiaco", + "il sole è in questo segno dal 23 settembre al 22 ottobre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpio", + "Scorpio the Scorpion", + "Scorpion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eighth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about October 23 to November 21" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittarius", + "Sagittarius the Archer", + "Archer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ninth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about November 22 to December 21" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capricorn", + "Capricorn the Goat", + "Goat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tenth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about December 22 to January 19" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquarius", + "Aquarius the Water Bearer", + "Water Bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eleventh sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about January 20 to February 18" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisces", + "Pisces the Fishes", + "Fish" + ], + "it": [ + "Pesci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the twelfth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about February 19 to March 20" + ], + "it": [ + "ultimo segno dello zodiaco, che va dal 20 febbraio al 20 marzo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone" + ], + "it": [ + "area", + "regione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer zone", + "buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutral zone between two rival powers that is created in order to diminish the danger of conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat zone", + "combat area" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military area where combat forces operate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combat zone where military operations are coordinated (especially a designated area in international waters where the rights of neutrals are not respected by nations at war)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridgehead", + "foothold" + ], + "it": [ + "testa di ponte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in hostile territory that has been captured and is held awaiting further troops and supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridgehead seized by airborne troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beachhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridgehead on the enemy's shoreline seized by an amphibious operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat zone", + "tenderloin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district known for its vice and high crime rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory claimed by a juvenile gang as its own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danger zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dangerous area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demilitarized zone", + "DMZ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zone from which military forces or operations or installations are prohibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop zone", + "dropping zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agreed area where military supplies are dropped to ground troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill zone", + "killing zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area where a battle has occurred with many fatalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killing field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) an area where many people have died (usually by massacre or genocide during war or violent civil disturbance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterprise zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district where development receives special tax advantages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outskirt", + "fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the city far removed from the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the area over home plate between a batter's knees and shoulders through which a pitch must pass in order to be called a strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area subject to tidal action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time zone" + ], + "it": [ + "fuso orario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the 24 regions of the globe (loosely divided by longitude) throughout which the same standard time is used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a six million square mile area that includes the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern Pacific Ocean; includes the principal routes used by drug smugglers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital city of a nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provincial capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital city of a province" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital city of a political subdivision of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Continent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the European mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European country", + "European nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries occupying the European continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian country", + "Scandinavian nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries occupying Scandinavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Balkan countries collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkan country", + "Balkan nation", + "Balkan state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries on the Balkan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African country", + "African nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries occupying the African continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area in eastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namibia", + "Republic of Namibia", + "South West Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southwestern Africa on the south Atlantic coast (formerly called South West Africa); achieved independence from South Africa in 1990; the greater part of Namibia forms part of the high Namibian plateau of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windhoek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Namibia in the center of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian country", + "Asian nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the nations occupying the Asian continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cappadocia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country is eastern Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in central Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phrygia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in western and central Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colossae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in south western Phrygia in Asia Minor; site of an early Christian Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pontus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of northern Asia Minor on the Black Sea; it reached its height under Mithridates VI but was later incorporated into the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asia Minor", + "Anatolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in southwestern Asia that forms the Asian part of Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American country", + "South American nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries occupying the South American continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North American country", + "North American nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any country on the North American continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central American country", + "Central American nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of the countries occupying Central America; these countries (except for Belize and Costa Rica) are characterized by low per capita income and unstable governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afghanistan", + "Islamic State of Afghanistan" + ], + "it": [ + "Afghanistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous landlocked country in central Asia; bordered by Iran to the west and Russia to the north and Pakistan to the east and south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Afghanistan on the site of several ancient cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jalalabad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Afghanistan (east of Kabul)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kabul", + "capital of Afghanistan" + ], + "it": [ + "Kabul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Afghanistan; located in eastern Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kandahar", + "Qandahar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Afghanistan; an important trading center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mazar-i-Sharif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illyria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncertain region on the east shore of the Adriatic where an ancient Indo-European people once lived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albania", + "Republic of Albania" + ], + "it": [ + "Albania", + "Repubblica Albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southeastern Europe on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tirana", + "Albanian capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Tirana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Albania in the center of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durres", + "Durazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in western Albania on the Adriatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algeria", + "Algerie", + "Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria" + ], + "it": [ + "Algeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim; colonized by France in the 19th century but gained autonomy in the early 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algiers", + "Algerian capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Algeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient port on the Mediterranean; the capital and largest city of Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of northeastern Algeria near the Tunisian border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Batna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Algeria at the foot of the Atlas Mountains to the southwest of Algiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oran" + ], + "it": [ + "Orano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Algeria and the country's 2nd largest city" + ], + "it": [ + "città dell'Algeria nordoccidentale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walled city in northeastern Algeria to the east of Algiers; was destroyed in warfare in the 4th century and rebuilt by Constantine I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Djanet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert town in southeastern Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippo", + "Hippo Regius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Numidian town in northwestern Africa adjoining present-day Annaba in northeastern Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reggane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timgad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient town founded by the Romans; noted for extensive and well-preserved ruins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timimoun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Algeria in the Atlas Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numidia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom (later a Roman province) in North Africa in an area corresponding roughly to present-day Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angola", + "Republic of Angola" + ], + "it": [ + "Angola", + "Repubblica Angolana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975 and was the scene of civil war until 1990" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luanda", + "Angolan capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city on Atlantic coast; the capital and largest city of Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huambo", + "Nova Lisboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the mountains in western Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport on the Atlantic coast of Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British colony in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aran Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three small islands belonging to Ireland at the entrance to Galway Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caribbean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "region including the Caribbean Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cayman Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British colony in the Caribbean to the northwest of Jamaica; an international banking center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George Town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the Cayman Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antigua and Barbuda" + ], + "it": [ + "Antigua e Barbuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country in the northern Leeward Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antigua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the islands comprising Antigua and Barbuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in Antigua and Barbuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Redonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in Antigua and Barbuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. John's", + "Saint John's", + "capital of Antigua and Barbuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Antigua and Barbuda; located on the island of Antigua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengal" + ], + "it": [ + "Bengala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region whose eastern part is now Bangladesh and whose western part is included in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda", + "Bermudas" + ], + "it": [ + "Bermuda", + "Bermude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Atlantic off the Carolina coast; British colony; a popular resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Bermuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda Triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in the western Atlantic Ocean where many ships and planes are supposed to have been mysteriously lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bouvet Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island belonging to Norway in the South Atlantic near the Antarctic Circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montserrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the Caribbean; in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patagonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "region in southern South America between the Andes and the South Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triple Frontier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the border area where Argentina and Brazil and Paraguay meet; an active South American center for contraband and drug trafficking and money laundering; a suspected locale for Islamic extremist groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentina", + "Argentine Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Argentina", + "Repubblica Argentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southern South America; second largest country in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahia Blanca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in eastern Argentina to the southwest of Buenos Aires on an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buenos Aires", + "capital of Argentina" + ], + "it": [ + "Buenos Aires" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Argentina; located in eastern Argentina near Uruguay; Argentina's chief port and industrial and cultural center" + ], + "it": [ + "capitale dell'Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordoba", + "Cordova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Argentina; site of a university founded in 1613" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Argentina, to the west of Buenos Aires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Parana River in eastern central Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vicente Lopez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial suburb of Buenos Aires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pampas" + ], + "it": [ + "pampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vast grassy plains of northern Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkan Peninsula", + "Balkans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large peninsula in southeastern Europe containing the Balkan Mountain Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulgaria", + "Republic of Bulgaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Bulgaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sofia", + "Serdica", + "Bulgarian capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Bulgaria located in western Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dobrich", + "Tolbukhin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Bulgaria (north of Varna) that is the commercial center of an agricultural region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plovdiv", + "Philippopolis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in southern Bulgaria; commercial center of an agricultural region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Bulgaria on the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southeast Asia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical division of Asia that includes Indochina plus Indonesia and the Philippines and Singapore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myanmar", + "Union of Burma", + "Burma" + ], + "it": [ + "Birmania", + "Burma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous republic in southeastern Asia on the Bay of Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yangon", + "Rangoon" + ], + "it": [ + "Rangoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Myanmar; located in the south near the Irrawaddy river delta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandalay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Myanmar to the north of Rangoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moulmein", + "Mawlamyine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of southern Myanmar on the Gulf of Martaban" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burundi", + "Republic of Burundi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in east central Africa on the northeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bujumbura", + "Usumbura", + "capital of Burundi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Burundi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambodia", + "Kingdom of Cambodia", + "Kampuchea" + ], + "it": [ + "Cambogia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nation in southeastern Asia; was part of Indochina under French rule until 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phnom Penh", + "Pnom Penh", + "Cambodian capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Kampuchea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cameroon", + "Republic of Cameroon", + "Cameroun" + ], + "it": [ + "Camerun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the western coast of central Africa; was under French and British control until 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yaounde", + "capital of Cameroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Cameroon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Douala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city of Cameroon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Verde Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Capo Verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Atlantic off of the coast of Senegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Verde", + "Republic of Cape Verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island country in the Atlantic off the coast of Senegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Praia", + "Cidade de Praia", + "capital of Cape Verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Cape Verde on Sao Tiago Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Tiago Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest of the Cape Verde Islands in the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falkland Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Falkland", + "Malvine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of over 100 islands in the southern Atlantic off the coast of Argentina; a British Crown Colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central African Republic", + "Central Africa" + ], + "it": [ + "Repubblica Centrafricana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked country in central Africa; formerly under French control; became independent in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangui", + "capital of Central Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of the Central African Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sri Lanka", + "Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka", + "Ceylon" + ], + "it": [ + "Sri Lanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the island of Ceylon; became independent of the United Kingdom in 1948" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colombo", + "capital of Sri Lanka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Sri Lanka; has one of the largest harbors in the world; is located on the western coast of the island of Ceylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central Sri Lanka that was the last capital of the ancient kings of Ceylon; a resort and religious center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eelam", + "Tamil Eelam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the independent state that the Tamil Tigers have fought for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chad", + "Republic of Chad", + "Tchad" + ], + "it": [ + "Ciad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked desert republic in north-central Africa; was under French control until 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "N'Djamena", + "Ndjamena", + "Fort-Lamy", + "capital of Chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Chad; located in the southwestern on the Shari river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chile", + "Republic of Chile" + ], + "it": [ + "Cile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antofagasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Pacific in northern Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiloe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest Chilean island and the only one to be settled; located off south-central Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Concepcion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in Chile to the south of Santiago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gran Santiago", + "Santiago", + "Santiago de Chile", + "capital of Chile" + ], + "it": [ + "Santiago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Chile; located in central Chile; one of the largest cities in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punta Arenas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Chile on the Strait of Magellan; the southernmost city in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Temuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Chile to the south of Concepcion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valparaiso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief port and second largest city of Chile; located on a wide harbor in central Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vina del Mar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort city on the Pacific in central Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tierra del Fuego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago off southern South America; separated from the continent by the Strait of Magellan; islands are administered by Chile and by Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocky headland belonging to Chile at the southernmost tip of South America (south of Tierra del Fuego)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northeastern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "China", + "People's Republic of China", + "mainland China", + "Communist China", + "Red China", + "PRC", + "Cathay" + ], + "it": [ + "Cina", + "Repubblica popolare cinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkistan", + "Turkestan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region of central Asia that was a center for trade between the East and the West" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beijing", + "Peking", + "Peiping", + "capital of Red China" + ], + "it": [ + "Pechino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the People's Republic of China in the Hebei province in northeastern China; 2nd largest Chinese city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forbidden City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walled section of Beijing that encloses the palace that was formerly the residence of the emperor of China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chongqing", + "Chungking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south-central China on the Chang Jiang; a commercial center for western China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guangdong", + "Kwangtung", + "Guangdong province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in southern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guangzhou", + "Kuangchou", + "Kwangchow", + "Canton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the Zhu Jiang delta in southern China; the capital of Guangdong province and a major deep-water port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gansu", + "Kansu", + "Gansu province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in north-central China; formerly part of the Silk Road to Turkistan and India and Persia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebei", + "Hopei", + "Hopeh", + "Hebei province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a populous province in northeastern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunan", + "Hunan province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in southeastern central China between the Nan Ling mountains and the Chang Jiang; noted for its timber and valuable mineral resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Szechwan", + "Sichuan", + "Szechuan", + "Szechwan province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a populous province of south central China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yunnan", + "Yunnan province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province of southern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanzhou", + "Lanchou", + "Lanchow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital city of the Chinese province of Gansu on the Yellow River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luda", + "Luta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial conurbation in northeastern China on the southern end of the Liaodong Peninsula; it now includes the cities of Dalian and Lushun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalian", + "Talien", + "Dairen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and shipbuilding center in northeastern China on the Liaodong Peninsula; now a part of Luda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luoyang", + "Loyang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central China; the capital of ancient China during several dynasties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lushun", + "Port Arthur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major port city in northeastern China on the Liaodong Peninsula; now a part of Luda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hangzhou", + "Hangchow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of eastern China on Hangzhou Bay; regarded by Marco Polo as the finest city in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanchang", + "Nan-chang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walled city in southeastern China on the Gan Jiang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanning", + "Nan-ning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanjing", + "Nanking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern China on the Yangtze River; a former capital of China; the scene of a Japanese massacre in the 1930s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shanghai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city of China; located in the east on the Pacific; one of the largest ports in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shenyang", + "Mukden", + "Moukden", + "Fengtien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taiyuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in northeastern China noted for coal mining and steel production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tangshan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of northeastern China in Hebei province" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tianjin", + "Tientsin", + "T'ien-ching" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major industrial center in northeastern China on the Grand Canal near the Yellow Sea; 3rd largest city in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inland waterway 1000 miles long in eastern China; extends from Tianjin in the north to Hangzhou in the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wuhan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central China on the Chang Jiang; the commercial and industrial center of central China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xian", + "Sian", + "Singan", + "Changan", + "Hsian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central China; capital of ancient Chinese empire 221-206 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xinjiang", + "Sinkiang", + "Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous province in far northwestern China on the border with Mongolia and Kazakhstan; the largest province in the People's Republic of China and the homeland of the Uighur people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inner Mongolia", + "Nei Monggol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous region of northeastern China that was annexed by the Manchu rulers in 1635 and became an integral part of China in 1911" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hohhot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northern industrial city of China to the northwest of Beijing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taiwan", + "Formosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in southeastern Asia 100 miles off the coast of mainland China in the South China Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taiwan", + "China", + "Nationalist China", + "Republic of China" + ], + "it": [ + "Repubblica di Taiwan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the Communists led by Mao Zedong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taipei", + "Taipeh", + "capital of Taiwan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Nationalist China; located in northern Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taichung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hong Kong" + ], + "it": [ + "Hong Kong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a Crown Colony on the coast of southern China in Guangdong province; leased by China to Britain in 1842 and returned in 1997; one of the world's leading commercial centers" + ], + "it": [ + "città e regione amministrativa della Repubbllica Popolare Cinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macao", + "Macau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Portuguese province on the south coast of China and two islands in the South China Sea; reverted to China in 1999" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indochina", + "Indochinese peninsula" + ], + "it": [ + "Indocina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula of southeastern Asia that includes Myanmar and Cambodia and Laos and Malaysia and Thailand and Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Indochina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French colonies of the territory now occupied by Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colombia", + "Republic of Colombia" + ], + "it": [ + "Colombia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northwestern South America with a coastline on the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simon Bolivar; Spanish is the official language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barranquilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of northern Colombia near the Caribbean on the Magdalena River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bogota", + "capital of Colombia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Colombia; located in central Colombia on a high fertile plain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southwestern Colombia in a rich agricultural area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medellin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in western Colombia; important coffee center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartagena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Colombia on the Caribbean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soledad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Colombia; a suburb of Barranquilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comoro Islands", + "Iles Comores" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "three main islands and numerous islets in the Indian Ocean between Mozambique and Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comoros", + "Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the Comoro Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congo", + "Republic of the Congo", + "French Congo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in west-central Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazzaville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congo", + "Democratic Republic of the Congo", + "Zaire", + "Belgian Congo" + ], + "it": [ + "Zaire", + "Congo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in central Africa; achieved independence from Belgium in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Congo at the northern end of Lake Kivu near the border with Rwanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kananga", + "Luluabourg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Congo; former name (until 1966) was Luluabourg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinshasa", + "Leopoldville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the Congo river opposite Brazzaville" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubumbashi", + "Elisabethville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Congo near the border with Zambia; a copper mining center; former name (until 1966) was Elisabethville" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesoamerica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexico and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central America" + ], + "it": [ + "America centrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the isthmus joining North America and South America; extends from the southern border of Mexico to the northern border of Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Costa Rica", + "Republic of Costa Rica" + ], + "it": [ + "Costa Rica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Central America; one of the most politically stable countries in Latin America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Jose", + "capital of Costa Rica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Costa Rica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivory Coast", + "Cote d'Ivoire", + "Republic of Cote d'Ivoire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; one of the most prosperous and politically stable countries in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abidjan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city recognized by the United States as the capital of the Ivory Coast; largest city of the Ivory Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yamoussukro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the Ivory Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guatemala", + "Republic of Guatemala" + ], + "it": [ + "Guatemala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; noted for low per capita income and illiteracy; politically unstable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guatemala City", + "capital of Guatemala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belize", + "British Honduras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the northeastern coast of Central America on the Caribbean; formerly under British control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honduras", + "Republic of Honduras" + ], + "it": [ + "Honduras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; an early center of Mayan culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tegucigalpa", + "Honduran capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Honduras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Pedro Sula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "industrial city in northwestern Honduras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Salvador", + "Republic of El Salvador", + "Salvador" + ], + "it": [ + "El Salvador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the Pacific coast of Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Salvador", + "Salvadoran capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of El Salvador; has suffered from recurrent earthquakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western El Salvador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaragua", + "Republic of Nicaragua" + ], + "it": [ + "Nicaragua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Managua", + "capital of Nicaragua", + "Nicaraguan capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Nicaragua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama", + "Republic of Panama" + ], + "it": [ + "Panama", + "Repubblica di Panama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama City", + "capital of Panama", + "Panamanian capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colon", + "Aspinwall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city at the Caribbean entrance to the Panama Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama Canal Zone", + "Canal Zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zone consisting of a strip of land across the Isthmus of Panama that contains the Panama Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yucatan", + "Yucatan Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in Central America extending into the Gulf of Mexico between the Bay of Campeche and the Caribbean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yucatan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of Mexico on the northern part of the Yucatan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the Mexican state of Yucatan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campeche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican state on the eastern part of the Gulf of Campeche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campeche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican city on the Bay of Campeche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular island resort off the northeastern tip of the Yucatan peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexico", + "United Mexican States" + ], + "it": [ + "Messico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acapulco", + "Acapulco de Juarez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and fashionable resort city on the Pacific coast of southern Mexico; known for beaches and water sports (including cliff diving)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chihuahua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northern Mexico; mostly high plateau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chihuahua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciudad Juarez", + "Juarez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Mexico on the Rio Grande opposite El Paso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciudad Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coahuila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northern Mexico; mostly high plateau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culiacan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durango", + "Victoria de Durango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Mexico; mining center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalajara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Mexico; a popular health resort and site of architecture from the Spanish colonial era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermosillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Mexico near the Gulf of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matamoros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Mexico opposite Brownsville near the mouth of the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mazatlan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western Mexico on the Pacific Ocean; tourist center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexicali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Mexico near the California border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexico City", + "Ciudad de Mexico", + "Mexican capital", + "capital of Mexico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Mexico is a political and cultural and commercial and industrial center; one of the world's largest cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monterrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northeastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nogales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Mexico on the border of Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oaxaca", + "Oaxaca de Juarez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orizaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of east central Mexico (west of Veracruz); a popular resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puebla", + "Puebla de Zaragoza", + "Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central Mexico (southeast of Mexico City) on the edge of central Mexican plateau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quintana Roo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican state on the eastern side of the Yucatan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Luis Potosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Maria del Tule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Mexico near Oaxaca; site of Ahuehuete, a giant Montezuma cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican state on the Gulf of Campeche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tepic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tampico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in eastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torreon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Mexico to the west of Monterrey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tijuana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican city just to the south of San Diego on the Lower California peninsula; popular among American tourists for racetracks and bullfights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuxtla Gutierrez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veracruz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major Mexican port on the Gulf of Mexico in the state of Veracruz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Villahermosa", + "Villa Hermosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Mexico; the capital of the state of Tabasco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalupe Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican island in the Pacific to the west of Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caribbean Island" + ], + "it": [ + "Caraibi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Caribbean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Indies", + "the Indies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the string of islands between North America and South America; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British West Indies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the islands in the West Indies that were formerly under British control, including the Bahamas, Saint Lucia, Antigua, Grenada, Jamaica, Barbados, and Trinidad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antilles" + ], + "it": [ + "Antille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French West Indies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the islands in the Lesser Antilles that are administered by France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greater Antilles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the western West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesser Antilles", + "Caribees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the southeastern West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Netherlands Antilles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Lesser Antilles just to the north of Venezuela that are administered by The Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aruba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular island resort in the Netherlands Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular island resort in the Netherlands Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curacao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular island resort in the Netherlands Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a island in the Netherlands Antilles that is the top of an extinct volcano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Eustatius", + "St. Eustatius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Netherlands Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leeward Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the eastern West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Martin", + "St. Martin", + "Saint Maarten", + "St. Maarten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the western Leeward Islands; administered jointly by France and the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windward Islands", + "Windward Isles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the southeastern West Indies; the southern part of the Lesser Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuba" + ], + "it": [ + "Cuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuba", + "Republic of Cuba" + ], + "it": [ + "Cuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Havana", + "capital of Cuba", + "Cuban capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Avana", + "L'Avana", + "avana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Cuba; located in western Cuba; one of the oldest cities in the Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santiago de Cuba", + "Santiago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Cuba; industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guantanamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Cuba; site of a United States naval base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadeloupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island territory of France located in the eastern West Indies; tourism is the major industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hispaniola", + "Haiti", + "Hayti" + ], + "it": [ + "Haiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haiti", + "Republic of Haiti" + ], + "it": [ + "Haiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the West Indies on the western part of the island of Hispaniola; achieved independence from France in 1804; the poorest and most illiterate nation in the western hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port-au-Prince", + "Haitian capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the West Indies; located on the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santo Domingo", + "Ciudad Trujillo", + "capital of the Dominican Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santiago de los Caballeros", + "Santiago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in the northern Dominican Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puerto Rico", + "Porto Rico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest and easternmost of the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puerto Rico", + "Porto Rico", + "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico", + "PR" + ], + "it": [ + "Portorico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-governing commonwealth associated with the United States occupying the island of Puerto Rico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Juan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Puerto Rico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culebra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small island off the coast of Puerto Rico with miles of beautiful beaches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vieques" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small island off the coast of Puerto Rico used for target practice by the United States Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica" + ], + "it": [ + "Giamaica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the West Indies to the south of Cuba and to the west of Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the island of Jamaica; became independent of England in 1962; much poverty; the major industry is tourism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kingston", + "capital of Jamaica", + "Jamaican capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montego Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port and resort city in northwestern Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgin Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Isole Vergini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in northeastern West Indies (east of Puerto Rico) discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1493; owned by United States and Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Virgin Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more than 40 northeastern Virgin Islands (15 inhabited); a dependent territory of the United Kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States Virgin Islands", + "American Virgin Islands", + "VI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "more than 130 southeastern Virgin Islands; a dependent territory of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbados" + ], + "it": [ + "Barbados" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "easternmost of the West Indies about 300 miles to the north of Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbados" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parliamentary democracy on the island of Barbados; former British colony; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bridgetown", + "capital of Barbados" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Barbados; a port city on the southwestern coast of Barbados" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinidad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in West Indies just off the northeastern coast of Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tobago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "island in West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinidad and Tobago", + "Republic of Trinidad and Tobago" + ], + "it": [ + "Trinidad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island republic in the West Indies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port of Spain", + "Port-of-Spain", + "capital of Trinidad and Tobago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Trinidad and Tobago on the west coast of the island of Trinidad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyprus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cipro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the eastern Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyprus", + "Republic of Cyprus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cipro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the island of Cyprus; 80% of the people are of Greek origin and 20% or Turkish origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicosia", + "capital of Cyprus" + ], + "it": [ + "Nicosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Cyprus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czech Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in central Europe; separated from Slovakia in 1993" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czechoslovakia" + ], + "it": [ + "Cecoslovacchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former republic in central Europe; divided into Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilsen", + "Plzen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Czech Republic where Pilsner beer originated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prague", + "Praha", + "Prag", + "Czech capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Praga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic in the western part of the country; a cultural and commercial center since the 14th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austerlitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Czech Republic; site of the battle of Austerlitz in 1805" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brno", + "Brunn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in Moravia in Czech Republic to the southeast of Prague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostrava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northwestern Czech Republic in the Moravian lowlands; located in the coal mining area of Silesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moravia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in the central and eastern part of the Czech Republic; it lies to the east of Bohemia and to the west of the Carpathians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bohemia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical area and former kingdom in the Czech Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovakia", + "Slovak Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in central Europe; separated from the Czech Republic in 1993" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bratislava", + "capital of Slovakia", + "Pressburg", + "Pozsony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benin", + "Republic of Benin", + "Dahomey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on western coast of Africa; formerly under French control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porto Novo", + "capital of Benin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Benin in southwestern part of country on a coastal lagoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotonou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief port of Benin on the Bight of Benin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Togo", + "Togolese Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Togo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the western coast of Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; formerly under French control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lome", + "capital of Togo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Togo; located in the south on the Gulf of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northern Europe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northernmost countries of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavia" + ], + "it": [ + "Scandinavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of culturally related countries in northern Europe; Finland and Iceland are sometimes considered Scandinavian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavia", + "Scandinavian Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peninsula in northern Europe occupied by Norway and Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jutland", + "Jylland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peninsula in northern Europe that forms the continental part of Denmark and a northern part of Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denmark", + "Kingdom of Denmark", + "Danmark" + ], + "it": [ + "Danimarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zealand", + "Seeland", + "Sjaelland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island of Denmark and the site of Copenhagen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copenhagen", + "Kobenhavn", + "Danish capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Copenaghen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Denmark; located on the island of Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arhus", + "Aarhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city of Denmark in eastern Jutland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aalborg", + "Alborg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city and port in northern Jutland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viborg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of Denmark in north central Jutland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Djibouti", + "Republic of Djibouti", + "Afars and Issas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country in northeastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; formerly under French control but became independent in 1997" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Djibouti", + "capital of Djibouti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city on the Gulf of Aden; the capital and largest city of Djibouti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the Windward Islands that was once a stronghold of the Carib Indians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominica", + "Commonwealth of Dominica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the island of Dominica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roseau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Dominica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Equatorial Guinea", + "Republic of Equatorial Guinea", + "Spanish Guinea" + ], + "it": [ + "Guinea equatoriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country of west central Africa (including islands in the Gulf of Guinea); became independent from Spain in 1968" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Equatorial Guinea on the island of Bioko in the Gulf of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bioko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Gulf of Guinea that is part of Equatorial Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norway", + "Kingdom of Norway", + "Norge", + "Noreg" + ], + "it": [ + "Norvegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Svalbard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spitsbergen", + "Spitzbergen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "islands in the Svalbard archipelago to the east of northern Greenland; belonging to Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lofoten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of islands off the northwestern coast of Norway in the Norwegian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oslo", + "Christiania", + "capital of Norway" + ], + "it": [ + "Oslo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Norway; the country's main port; located at the head of a fjord on Norway's southern coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bergen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stavanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Norway; center for shipbuilding industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trondheim", + "Nidaros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in central Norway on Trondheim Fjord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindesnes", + "Naze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape at the southern tip of Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sweden", + "Kingdom of Sweden", + "Sverige" + ], + "it": [ + "Svezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stockholm", + "capital of Sweden" + ], + "it": [ + "Stoccolma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Sweden; located in southern Sweden on the Baltic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southern Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goteborg", + "Goeteborg", + "Gothenburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southwestern Sweden; second largest city in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uppsala", + "Upsala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central Sweden to the northwest of Stockholm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Germany", + "Federal Republic of Germany", + "Deutschland", + "FRG" + ], + "it": [ + "Germania", + "RFT", + "Repubblica Federale Tedesca", + "Repubblica federale tedesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in central Europe; split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Germany", + "German Democratic Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Germania dell'Est" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in north central Europe on the Baltic; established by the Soviet Union in 1954; reunified with West Germany in 1990" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Germany", + "Federal Republic of Germany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in north central Europe on the North Sea; established in 1949 from the zones of Germany occupied by the British and French and Americans after the German defeat; reunified with East Germany in 1990" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxony", + "Sachsen", + "Saxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in Germany around the upper Elbe river; the original home of the Saxons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lower Saxony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northwestern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aachen", + "Aken", + "Aix-la-Chapelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Germany near the Dutch and Belgian borders; formerly it was Charlemagne's northern capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlin", + "German capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Berlino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Germany located in eastern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Berlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of Berlin under United States and British and French control until 1989" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bremen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of northwestern Germany linked by the Weser River to the port of Bremerhaven and the North Sea; in the Middle Ages it was a leading member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bremerhaven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Germany at the mouth of the Weser River on the North Sea; has a deep natural harbor and is an important shipping center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chemnitz", + "Karl-Marx-Stadt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central Germany; formerly called Karl-Marx-Stadt until 1990; noted for textile manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dortmund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northwestern Germany; flourished from the 13th to 17th century as a member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dresden" + ], + "it": [ + "Dresda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Germany on the Elbe River; it was almost totally destroyed by British air raids in 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leipzig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Germany famous for fairs; formerly a music and publishing center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solingen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Germany noted for cutlery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weimar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German city near Leipzig; scene of the adoption in 1919 of the constitution of the Weimar Republic that lasted until 1933" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bavaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Baviera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southern Germany famous for its beer; site of an automobile factory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hameln", + "Hamelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Germany (near Hanover) that is famous as the setting for the legend of the Pied Piper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hohenlinden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Bavaria (near Munich)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonn" + ], + "it": [ + "Bonn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Germany on the Rhine River; was the capital of West Germany between 1949 and 1989" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cologne", + "Koln" + ], + "it": [ + "Colonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial center and river port in western Germany on the Rhine River; flourished during the 15th century as a member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braunschweig", + "Brunswick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dusseldorf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in western Germany on the Rhine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Essen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Germany; industrial center of the Ruhr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankfurt on the Main", + "Frankfurt", + "Frankfort" + ], + "it": [ + "Francoforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German city; an industrial and commercial and financial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halle", + "Halle-an-der-Saale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the Saxony region of Germany on the Saale River; a member of the Hanseatic League during the 13th and 14th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamburg" + ], + "it": [ + "Amburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northern Germany on the Elbe River that was founded by Charlemagne in the 9th century and is today the largest port in Germany; in 1241 it formed an alliance with Lubeck that became the basis for the Hanseatic League" + ], + "it": [ + "città della Germania settentrionale, sul fiume Elbe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hannover", + "Hanover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Germany; formerly a member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Germany and an important Baltic port; a leading member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mannheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Germany at the confluence of the Rhine and Neckar rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munich", + "Muenchen" + ], + "it": [ + "Monaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Bavaria in southwestern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuremberg", + "Nurnberg" + ], + "it": [ + "Norimberga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Germany; site of Allied trials of Nazi war criminals (1945-46)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potsdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Germany; site of the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rostock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Germany near the Baltic sea; an important member of the Hanseatic League in the 14th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stuttgart" + ], + "it": [ + "Stoccarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Germany famous for innovative architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiesbaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Germany; a spa since Roman times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wurzburg", + "Wuerzburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of south central Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhineland", + "Rheinland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picturesque region of Germany around the Rhine river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palatinate", + "Pfalz" + ], + "it": [ + "Palatinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory in southwestern Germany formerly ruled by the counts palatine" + ], + "it": [ + "territorio nel Sud-Ovest della Germania, un tempo governato dai conti palatini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brandenburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory of an Elector (of the Holy Roman Empire) that expanded to become the kingdom of Prussia in 1701" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prussia", + "Preussen" + ], + "it": [ + "Prussia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former kingdom in north-central Europe including present-day northern Germany and northern Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruhr", + "Ruhr Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major industrial and coal mining region in the valley of the Ruhr river in northwestern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thuringia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region of southern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Timor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Portuguese colony that was annexed by Indonesia in 1976; voted for independence from Indonesia in 1999 and in May 2002 became an independent nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ecuador", + "Republic of Ecuador" + ], + "it": [ + "Ecuador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northwestern South America; became independent from Spain in 1822; the landscape is dominated by the Andes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i82999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guayaquil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city of Ecuador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quito", + "capital of Ecuador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Ecuador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galapagos Islands", + "Galapagos" + ], + "it": [ + "Galapagos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Pacific off South America; owned by Ecuador; known for unusual animal life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eritrea", + "State of Eritrea" + ], + "it": [ + "Eritrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African country to the north of Ethiopia on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Ethiopia in 1993" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asmara", + "Asmera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Eritrea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port town in Eritrea on an inlet of the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethiopia", + "Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia", + "Yaltopya", + "Abyssinia" + ], + "it": [ + "Etiopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Ethiopia is a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; formerly called Abyssinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Addis Ababa", + "New Flower", + "capital of Ethiopia" + ], + "it": [ + "Addis Abeba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Ethiopia and the country's largest city; located in central Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fiji Islands", + "Fijis" + ], + "it": [ + "Figi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of more than 800 islands (100 inhabited) in the southwestern Pacific; larger islands (Viti Levu and Vanua Levu) are of volcanic origin surrounded by coral reefs; smaller islands are coral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viti Levu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the Fijis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanua Levu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the Fijis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fiji", + "Republic of Fiji" + ], + "it": [ + "Figi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent state within the British Commonwealth located on the Fiji Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Fiji (on Viti Levu island)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finland", + "Republic of Finland", + "Suomi" + ], + "it": [ + "Finlandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "republic in northern Europe; achieved independence from Russia in 1917" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in Finland and Russia between the Gulf of Finland and the White Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helsinki", + "Helsingfors", + "capital of Finland", + "Finnish capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Helsinki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Finland; located in southern Finland; a major port and commercial and cultural center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Espoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tampere", + "Tammerfors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in south central Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aland islands", + "Aaland islands", + "Ahvenanmaa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago of some 6,000 islands in the Gulf of Bothnia under Finnish control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mariehamn", + "Maarianhamina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town that is the chief port of the Aland islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greece", + "Hellenic Republic", + "Ellas" + ], + "it": [ + "Ellade", + "Grecia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greece; a country of city-states (especially Athens and Sparta) that reached its peak in the fifth century BCE" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of ancient Greece on the north coast of the Peloponnese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegean island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Aegean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegina", + "Aigina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Aegean Sea in the Saronic Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chios", + "Khios" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Aegean Sea off the west coast of Turkey; belongs to Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclades", + "Kikladhes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of over 200 islands in the southern Aegean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dodecanese", + "Dhodhekanisos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the southeast Aegean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small region of ancient Greece where the Doric dialect was spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesbos", + "Lesvos", + "Mytilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of eastern Greece in the eastern Aegean Sea; in antiquity it was famous for lyric poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodes", + "Rodhos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek island in the southeast Aegean Sea 10 miles off the Turkish coast; the largest of the Dodecanese; it was colonized before 1000 BC by Dorians from Argos; site of the Colossus of Rhodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeolis", + "Aeolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient coastal region of northwestern Asia Minor (including Lesbos) where the Aeolians founded several cities around 1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crete", + "Kriti" + ], + "it": [ + "Creta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest Greek island in the Mediterranean; site of the Minoan civilization that reached its peak in 1600 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knossos", + "Cnossos", + "Cnossus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient town on Crete where Bronze Age culture flourished from about 2000 BC to 1400 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ithaca", + "Ithaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek island to the west of Greece; in Homeric legend Odysseus was its king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egadi Islands", + "Aegadean Isles", + "Aegadean Islands", + "Isole Egadi", + "Aegates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands off the west coast of Sicily in the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athos", + "Mount Athos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous area in northeastern Greece that is the site of several Greek Orthodox monasteries founded in the tenth century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athens", + "Athinai", + "capital of Greece", + "Greek capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Atene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Areopagus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill to the to the west of the Athenian acropolis where met the highest governmental council of ancient Athens and later a judicial court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dipylon gate", + "Dipylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gateway to the west of ancient Athens near which a distinctive style of pottery has been found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient town on a promontory in western Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attica" + ], + "it": [ + "Attica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken" + ], + "it": [ + "il territorio di Atene nell'antica Grecia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corinth", + "Korinthos" + ], + "it": [ + "Corinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the modern Greek port near the site of the ancient city that was second only to Athens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in southeastern Greece; dominated the Peloponnese in the 7th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delphi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city on the slopes of Mount Parnassus; site of the oracle of Delphi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycenae" + ], + "it": [ + "Micene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city is southern Greece; center of the Mycenaean civilization during the late Bronze Age" + ], + "it": [ + "città dell'antica Grecia,centro della civiltà micenea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sparta" + ], + "it": [ + "Sparta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess; the dominant city of the Peloponnesus prior to the 4th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient area on the Ionian Sea that flourished as a kingdom in the 3rd century BC; located in northwestern Greece and southern Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of southern Greece in the southeastern Peloponnesus; dominated by Sparta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lycia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region on the coast of southwest Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lydia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region on the coast of western Asia Minor; a powerful kingdom until conquered by the Persians in 546 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nemea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valley in southeastern Greece where the Nemean Games were held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city on the western shore of Asia Minor in what is now Turkey; site of the Temple of Artemis; was a major trading center and played an important role in early Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patras", + "Patrai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western Greece in the northwestern Peloponnese on an inlet of the Ionian Sea; was a major trade center from the 5th century BC to the 3rd century BC; commercial importance revived during the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Troy", + "Ilion", + "Ilium" + ], + "it": [ + "Troia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in Asia Minor that was the site of the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thebes" + ], + "it": [ + "Tebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city in Boeotia destroyed by Alexander the Great in 336 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boeotia" + ], + "it": [ + "Beozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of ancient Greece to the northwest of Athens" + ], + "it": [ + "regione storica dell'antica Grecia a Nord-Ovest di Atene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plataea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former town in Boeotia; site of a battle between the Greeks and Persians in 479 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thessaloniki", + "Salonika", + "Salonica", + "Thessalonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Greece on an inlet of the Aegean Sea; second largest city of Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stagira", + "Stagirus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient town of Greece where Aristotle was born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thessalia", + "Thessaly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fertile plain on the Aegean Sea in east central Greece; Thessaly was a former region of ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynoscephalae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fields in Thessaly where in 197 BC the Romans defeated the Macedonians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcadia" + ], + "it": [ + "Arcadia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department of Greece in the central Peloponnese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peloponnese", + "Peloponnesus", + "Peloponnesian Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern peninsula of Greece; dominated by Sparta until the 4th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemnos", + "Limnos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek island in the northern Aegean Sea; famous for a reddish-brown clay that has medicinal properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain in Greece in the northwestern Peloponnese; the chief sanctuary of Zeus and the site of the original Olympian Games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middle East", + "Mideast", + "Near East" + ], + "it": [ + "Medio Oriente", + "Vicino Oriente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area around the eastern Mediterranean; from Turkey to northern Africa and eastward to Iran; the site of such ancient civilizations as Phoenicia and Babylon and Egypt and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity and Islam; had continuous economic and political turmoil in the 20th century" + ], + "it": [ + "stati affacciati sul Mediterraneo orientale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mashriq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arabic name for the Middle East" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fertile Crescent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom of the Hebrew tribes at the southeastern end of the Mediterranean Sea; founded by Saul around 1025 BC and destroyed by the Assyrians in 721 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israel", + "State of Israel", + "Yisrael", + "Zion", + "Sion" + ], + "it": [ + "Israele", + "Stato di Israele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acre", + "Akko", + "Akka", + "Accho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town and port in northwestern Israel in the eastern Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area between Israel and Jordan on the west bank of the Jordan river; populated largely by Palestinians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nablus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in the West Bank to the north of Jerusalem; the home of Jacob in biblical times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galilee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of northern Israel; formerly the northern part of Palestine and the ancient kingdom of Israel; the scene of Jesus's ministry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazareth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historic town in northern Israel that is mentioned in the Gospels as the home of Joseph and Mary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaza Strip", + "Gaza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coastal region at the southeastern corner of the Mediterranean bordering Israel and Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golan Heights", + "Golan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fortified hilly area between southern Lebanon and southern Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem", + "capital of Israel" + ], + "it": [ + "Gerusalemme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of the modern state of Israel (although its status as capital is disputed); it was captured from Jordan in 1967 in the Six Day War; a holy city for Jews and Christians and Muslims; was the capital of an ancient kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bethlehem", + "Bayt Lahm", + "Bethlehem Ephrathah", + "Bethlehem-Judah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small town near Jerusalem on the West Bank of the Jordan River; early home of David and regarded as the place where Jesus was born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient seaport in northwestern Israel; an important Roman city in ancient Palestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sodom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) an ancient city near the Dead Sea that (along with Gomorrah) was destroyed by God for the wickedness of its inhabitants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any location known for vice and corruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gomorrah", + "Gomorrha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) an ancient city near the Dead Sea that (along with Sodom) was destroyed by God for the vice and depravity of its inhabitants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvary", + "Golgotha" + ], + "it": [ + "Calvario", + "Golgota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill near Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zion", + "Sion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally a stronghold captured by David (the 2nd king of the Israelites); above it was built a temple and later the name extended to the whole hill; finally it became a synonym for the city of Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotswolds", + "Cotswold Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of low hills in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheviots", + "Cheviot Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of hills on the border between England and Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennines", + "Pennine Chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of hills in Britain that extend from the Scottish border in the north to the Trent River in the south; forms the watershed for English rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seven Hills of Rome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hills on which the ancient city of Rome was built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important of the Seven Hills of Rome; supposedly the location of the first settlement and the site of many imperial palaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wailing Wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall in Jerusalem; sacred to Jews as a place of prayer and lamentation; its stones are believed to have formed part of the Temple of Solomon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tel Aviv", + "Tel Aviv-Yalo", + "Tel Aviv-Jaffa" + ], + "it": [ + "Tel Aviv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city and financial center of Israel; located in western Israel on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hefa", + "Haifa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major port in northwestern Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaffa", + "Joppa", + "Yafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in western Israel on the Mediterranean; incorporated into Tel Aviv in 1950" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine", + "Canaan", + "Holy Land", + "Promised Land" + ], + "it": [ + "Palestina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea; a place of pilgrimage for Christianity and Islam and Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British mandate on the east coast of the Mediterranean; divided between Jordan and Israel in 1948" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judah", + "Juda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom of southern Palestine with Jerusalem as its center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judea", + "Judaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern part of ancient Palestine succeeding the kingdom of Judah; a Roman province at the time of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in central Palestine founded in the 9th century BC as the capital of the northern Hebrew kingdom of Israel; the site is in present-day northwestern Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philistia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region on the coast of southwestern Palestine that was strategically located on a trade route between Syria and Egypt; important in biblical times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC; was governed by an elected Senate but dissatisfaction with the Senate led to civil wars that culminated in a brief dictatorship by Julius Caesar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire; at its peak lands in Europe and Africa and Asia were ruled by ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byzantine Empire", + "Byzantium", + "Eastern Roman Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Roman Empire", + "Western Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the western part after the Roman Empire was divided in 395; it lasted only until 476" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byzantium" + ], + "it": [ + "Bisanzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city on the Bosporus founded by the Greeks; site of modern Istanbul; in 330 Constantine I rebuilt the city and called it Constantinople and made it his capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boot-shaped peninsula in southern Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ticino", + "Tessin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian-speaking region of southern Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italy", + "Italian Republic", + "Italia" + ], + "it": [ + "Italia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD" + ], + "it": [ + "nazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian region" + ], + "it": [ + "regione italiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italy is divided into 20 regions for administrative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pompeii" + ], + "it": [ + "Pompei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient city to the southeast of Naples that was buried by a volcanic eruption from Vesuvius" + ], + "it": [ + "antica città romana a Sud-Est di Napoli, sepolta da una eruzione vulcanica del Vesuvio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herculaneum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient city; now destroyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abruzzi", + "Abruzzi e Molise" + ], + "it": [ + "Abruzzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous region of central Italy on the Adriatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquila", + "L'Aquila", + "Aquila degli Abruzzi" + ], + "it": [ + "L'Aquila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital of the Abruzzi region in central Italy" + ], + "it": [ + "capoluogo di provincia, nella regione Abruzzo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basilicata", + "Lucania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southern Italy (forming the instep of the Italian `boot')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolzano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian city in Trentino-Alto Adige near the Austrian border; noted as a resort and for its Alpine scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brescia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Italian city in central Lombardy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calabria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southern Italy (forming the toe of the Italian `boot')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southwestern Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea including the islands of Capri and Ischia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferrara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naples", + "Napoli" + ], + "it": [ + "Napoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region" + ], + "it": [ + "porto sulla costa orientale dell'Italia del Sud", + "capoluogo della regione Campania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Messina" + ], + "it": [ + "Messina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Sicily on the Strait of Messina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capri" + ], + "it": [ + "Capri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island (part of Campania) in the Bay of Naples in southern Italy; a tourist attraction noted for beautiful scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ischia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island (part of Campania) in the Tyrrhenian Sea at the north end of the Bay of Naples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emilia-Romagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of north central Italy on the Adriatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bologna" + ], + "it": [ + "Bologna", + "BO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Emilia-Romagna; located in northern Italy to the east of the Apennines" + ], + "it": [ + "città capoluogo dell'Emlia Romagna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friuli-Venezia Giulia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northeastern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latium", + "Lazio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of west central Italy (southeast of Rome) on the Tyrrhenian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rome", + "Roma", + "Eternal City", + "Italian capital", + "capital of Italy" + ], + "it": [ + "Città Eterna", + "Roma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lateran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site in Rome containing the church of Rome and the Lateran Palace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of central Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea; the Allies established a beachhead at Anzio in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brindisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Apulia in Italy; a center for the Crusades in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tivoli", + "Tibur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town twenty miles to the east of Rome (Tibur is the ancient name); a summer resort during the Roman empire; noted for its waterfalls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liguria" + ], + "it": [ + "Liguria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "region of northwestern Italy on the Ligurian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genoa", + "Genova" + ], + "it": [ + "Genova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport in northwestern Italy; provincial capital of Liguria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lombardy", + "Lombardia" + ], + "it": [ + "Lombardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of north central Italy bordering Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cremona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Lombardy on the Po River; noted for the manufacture of fine violins from the 16th to the 18th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Spezia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in Liguria on an arm of the Ligurian Sea; a major seaport and year-round resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milan", + "Milano" + ], + "it": [ + "Milano", + "MI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Lombardy in northern Italy; has been an international center of trade and industry since the Middle Ages" + ], + "it": [ + "città capoluogo della Lombardia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marche", + "Marches" + ], + "it": [ + "Marche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in central Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of south central Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papal States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the temporal dominions belonging to the pope (especially in central Italy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piedmont", + "Piemonte" + ], + "it": [ + "Piemonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of northwestern Italy; includes the Po valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisa" + ], + "it": [ + "Pisa", + "PI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Tuscany; site of the famous Leaning Tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syracuse", + "Siracusa" + ], + "it": [ + "Siracusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Sicily that was founded by Corinthians in the 8th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turin", + "Torino" + ], + "it": [ + "Torino", + "TO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital city of the Piemonte region of northwestern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puglia", + "Apulia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in southeastern Italy on the Adriatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bari" + ], + "it": [ + "Bari", + "BA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital city of the Apulia region on the Adriatic coast" + ], + "it": [ + "città sulla costa adriatica, capoluogo della Puglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardinia", + "Sardegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Mediterranean to the west of Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardinia", + "Sardegna" + ], + "it": [ + "Sardegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian region on the island of Sardinia; the kingdom of Sardinia was the nucleus for uniting Italy during the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sicily", + "Sicilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island in the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sicily", + "Sicilia" + ], + "it": [ + "Sicilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian region on the island of Sicily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palermo" + ], + "it": [ + "Palermo", + "PA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Sicily; located in northwestern Sicily; an important port for 3000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Passero", + "Passero Cape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape that forms the southeastern corner of the island of Sicily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrigento", + "Acragas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Italy in southwestern Sicily near the coast; the site of six Greek temples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscany", + "Toscana" + ], + "it": [ + "Toscana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in central Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Firenze", + "Florence" + ], + "it": [ + "Firenze", + "FI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries" + ], + "it": [ + "capoluogo della Toscana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trentino-Alto Adige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern Italy bordering Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trento", + "Trent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Italy (northwest of Venice) on the River Adige; the site of the Council of Trent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous region in central Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valle D'Aosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northwestern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veneto", + "Venezia-Euganea", + "Venetia" + ], + "it": [ + "Veneto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern Italy on the Adriatic" + ], + "it": [ + "regione dell'Italia nord-orientale, sul mare Adriatico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Padua", + "Padova", + "Patavium" + ], + "it": [ + "Padova", + "PD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Veneto" + ], + "it": [ + "città del Veneto, capoluogo di provincia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venice", + "Venezia" + ], + "it": [ + "Venezia", + "VE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction" + ], + "it": [ + "città capoluogo del Veneto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major waterway in Venice, Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verona" + ], + "it": [ + "Verona", + "vr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Veneto on the River Adige" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Etruria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in central Italy; assimilated by the Romans by about 200 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romania", + "Roumania", + "Rumania" + ], + "it": [ + "Romania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southeastern Europe with a short coastline on the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brasov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Romania in the foothills of the Transylvanian Alps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bucharest", + "Bucharesti", + "Bucuresti", + "capital of Romania" + ], + "it": [ + "Bucarest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "national capital and largest city of Romania in southeastern Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Romanian resort city on the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transylvania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical plateau region in northwestern Romania that is separated from the rest of the country by the Transylvanian Alps; originally part of Hungary; incorporated into Romania at the end of World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rwanda", + "Rwandese Republic", + "Ruanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in central Africa; formerly a German colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kigali", + "capital of Rwanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the national capital and largest city of Rwanda; located in central Rwanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former country of southeastern Europe bordering the Adriatic Sea; formed in 1918 and named Yugoslavia in 1929; controlled by Marshal Tito as a communist state until his death in 1980" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Croatia", + "Republic of Croatia", + "Hrvatska" + ], + "it": [ + "Croazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the western Balkans in south-central Europe in the eastern Adriatic coastal area; formerly part of the Habsburg monarchy and Yugoslavia; became independent in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serbia and Montenegro", + "Union of Serbia and Montenegro", + "Yugoslavia", + "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", + "Jugoslavija" + ], + "it": [ + "Jugoslavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous republic in southeastern Europe bordering on the Adriatic Sea; formed from two of the six republics that made up Yugoslavia until 1992; Serbia and Montenegro were known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 2003 when they adopted the name of the Union of Serbia and Montenegro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kosovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Serbian province in southern Serbia and Montenegro populated predominantly by Albanians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serbia", + "Srbija" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region in central and northern Yugoslavia; Serbs settled the region in the 6th and 7th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montenegro", + "Crna Gora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former country bordering on the Adriatic Sea; now part of the Union of Serbia and Montenegro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgrade", + "Beograd", + "capital of Serbia and Montenegro" + ], + "it": [ + "Belgrado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Serbia and Montenegro; situated on the Danube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosnia and Herzegovina", + "Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina", + "Bosna i Hercegovina", + "Bosnia-Herzegovina", + "Bosnia" + ], + "it": [ + "Bosnia-Erzegovina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous republic of south-central Europe; formerly part of the Ottoman Empire and then a part of Yugoslavia; voted for independence in 1992 but the mostly Serbian army of Yugoslavia refused to accept the vote and began ethnic cleansing in order to rid Bosnia of its Croats and Muslims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northern part of Bosnia-Herzegovina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarajevo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Bosnia; scene of the assassination of Francis Ferdinand in 1914 which precipitated World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovenia", + "Republic of Slovenia", + "Slovenija" + ], + "it": [ + "Slovenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous republic in central Europe; formerly part of the Habsburg monarchy and Yugoslavia; achieved independence in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ljubljana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Slovenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dubrovnik", + "Ragusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Croatia on the Adriatic; a popular tourist center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zagreb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Croatia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalmatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region of Croatia on the Adriatic Sea; mountainous with many islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenland", + "Gronland", + "Kalaallit Nunaat" + ], + "it": [ + "Groenlandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island in the world; lies between the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean; a self-governing province of Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baffin Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 5th largest island and the largest island of Arctic Canada; lies between Greenland and Hudson Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mainland part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the eastern part of the large Labrador-Ungava Peninsula in northeastern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada" + ], + "it": [ + "Canada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acadia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French-speaking part of the Canadian Maritime Provinces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurentian Plateau", + "Laurentian Highlands", + "Canadian Shield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large plateau that occupies more than 40% of the land area of Canada; it extends from the Great Lakes northward to the Arctic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maritime Provinces", + "Maritimes", + "Canadian Maritime Provinces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the collective name for the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian province" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canada is divided into 12 provinces for administrative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alberta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three prairie provinces in western Canada; rich in oil and natural gas and minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Banff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular vacation spot in the Canadian Rockies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calgary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in southern Alberta; an oil and gas center and a technology center for Alberta and most of western Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edmonton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the province of Alberta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Columbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in western Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanaimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern British Columbia on Vancouver Island to the west of Vancouver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the Canadian province of British Columbia on Vancouver Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vancouver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern British Columbia on an arm of the Pacific Ocean opposite Vancouver Island; Canada's chief Pacific port and third largest city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vancouver Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island off southwestern Canada (off the southwestern coast of British Columbia); the largest island off the west coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manitoba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three prairie provinces in central Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winnipeg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Manitoba; located in southern Manitoba; known for severe winters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Churchill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Canadian town in northern Manitoba on Hudson Bay; important port for shipping grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Brunswick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in southeastern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fredericton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital of New Brunswick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint John", + "St. John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in eastern Canada; the largest city in New Brunswick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newfoundland and Labrador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Canadian province on the island of Newfoundland and on the mainland along the coast of the Labrador Sea; became Canada's 10th province in 1949" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newfoundland" + ], + "it": [ + "Terranova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the north Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint John's", + "St. John's" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and provincial capital of Newfoundland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northwest Territories" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large territory in northwestern Canada; part is now Nunavut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nunavut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arctic territory in northern Canada created in 1999 and governed solely by the Inuit; includes the eastern part of what was the Northwest Territories and most of the islands of the Arctic Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic Archipelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the islands that lie to the north of mainland Canada and the Arctic Circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yellowknife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in the Northwest Territories in northern Canada on the Great Slave Lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nova Scotia" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Scozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Canadian province in the Maritimes consisting of the Nova Scotia peninsula and Cape Breton Island; French settlers who called the area Acadia were exiled to Louisiana by the British in the 1750s and their descendants are know as Cajuns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Breton Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island that forms the northeastern part of Nova Scotia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nova Scotia" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Scozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in eastern Canada between the Bay of Fundy and the Saint Lawrence River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halifax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provincial capital and largest city of Nova Scotia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ontario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prosperous and industrialized province in central Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottawa", + "Canadian capital", + "capital of Canada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Canada (located in southeastern Ontario across the Ottawa river from Quebec)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Ontario at the western end of Lake Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kingston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Ontario on Lake Ontario near the head of the Saint Lawrence River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sault Sainte Marie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of southern Ontario opposite northern Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central Canada in Ontario; a major nickel mining center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thunder Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in Ontario on Lake Superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Ontario on the Detroit River opposite Detroit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prince Edward Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence; the smallest province of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charlottetown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital and largest city of Prince Edward Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quebec" + ], + "it": [ + "Quebec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest province of Canada; a French colony from 1663 to 1759 when it was lost to the British" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quebec", + "Quebec City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French-speaking capital of the province of Quebec; situated on the Saint Lawrence River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montreal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saskatchewan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three prairie provinces in west central Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital of Saskatchewan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saskatoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Saskatchewan; the largest city in the province" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dawson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Canada in the Yukon on the Yukon River; a boom town around 1900 when gold was discovered in the Klondike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yukon", + "Yukon Territory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory in northwestern Canada; site of the Klondike gold rush in the 1890s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klondike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northwestern Canada where gold was discovered in 1896 but exhausted by 1910" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitehorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the provincial capital of the Yukon Territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australia", + "Commonwealth of Australia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; Aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canberra", + "Australian capital", + "capital of Australia" + ], + "it": [ + "Canberra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Australia; located in southeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the several states constituting Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queensland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brisbane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Queensland state; located in the southeastern corner of Queensland on the Pacific; settled by British as a penal colony; 3rd largest city in Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New South Wales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian state in southeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sydney" + ], + "it": [ + "Sydney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest Australian city located in southeastern Australia on the Tasman Sea; state capital of New South Wales; Australia's chief port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagga Wagga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on the Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales; agricultural trading center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southeastern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melbourne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Victoria state and 2nd largest Australian city; a financial and commercial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasmania" + ], + "it": [ + "Tasmania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island off the southeastern coast of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasmania" + ], + "it": [ + "Tasmania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian state on the island of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hobart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and state capital of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Australia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in south central Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adelaide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of South Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Australia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state containing the western third of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of Western Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Territory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory in north central Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provincial capital of the Northern Territory of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norfolk Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island territory of Australia in the Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of Australia; formerly a British penal colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nullarbor Plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast arid plain of southern Australia stretching inland from the Great Australian Bight; has sparse vegetation and no surface water and is almost uninhabited; the site of a major rocket research center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleutian Islands", + "Aleutians" + ], + "it": [ + "Aleutine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago in the North Pacific extending southwest from Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oceania", + "Oceanica" + ], + "it": [ + "Oceania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large group of islands in the south Pacific including Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia (and sometimes Australasia and the Malay Archipelago)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australasia" + ], + "it": [ + "Australasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australia, New Zealand, and neighboring islands in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austronesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "islands of central and South Pacific (Indonesia and Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the islands in the southwestern part of Oceania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micronesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the islands in the northwestern part of Oceania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micronesia", + "Federated States of Micronesia", + "TT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country scattered over Micronesia with a constitutional government in free association with the United States; achieved independence in 1986" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kolonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Micronesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mariana Islands", + "Marianas", + "Ladrone Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of coral and volcanic islands in Micronesia (including Guam and the Northern Marianas) halfway between New Guinea and Japan; discovered by Magellan in 1521" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Marianas", + "Northern Mariana Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-governing territory comprising all of the Mariana Islands except Guam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saipan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island in the Northern Marianas and the administrative center of the commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in union with the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guam", + "GU" + ], + "it": [ + "Guam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest and southernmost island in the Marianas which is administered as a territory of the United States; it was ceded by Spain to the United States in 1898" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wake Island", + "Wake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the western Pacific between Guam and Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caroline Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long archipelago of more than 500 islands in Micronesia to the east of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of coral islands in eastern Micronesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall Islands", + "Republic of the Marshall Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic (under United States protection) on the Marshall Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bikini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atoll in the Marshall Islands; formerly used by the United States as a site for testing nuclear weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eniwetok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atoll in the Marshall Islands; site of an amphibious assault in World War II; later used temporarily by the United States to test atomic bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwajalein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atoll in the western Marshall Islands that was used as a Japanese air and naval base during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii; formerly part of the British colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands until it became part of the Republic of Kiribati in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuvalu", + "Ellice Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of coral islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuvalu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small island republic on the Tuvalu islands; formerly part of the British colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands until it withdrew in 1975 and became independent of the United Kingdom in 1978" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Funafuti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Tuvalu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiribati", + "Republic of Kiribati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island republic in the west central Pacific just to the south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarawa", + "Bairiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "national capital of Kiribati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert and Ellice Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former British possession in Micronesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nauru", + "Nauru Island", + "Pleasant Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small island in the central Pacific Ocean 2,800 miles to the southwest of Hawaii; in Micronesia to the west of the Gilbert Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nauru", + "Republic of Nauru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island republic on Nauru Island; phosphate exports support the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polynesia" + ], + "it": [ + "Polinesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the islands in the eastern part of Oceania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malay Archipelago", + "East Indies", + "East India" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans between Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunda Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of islands in the western Malay Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greater Sunda Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of islands including Borneo and Celebes and Java and Sumatra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesser Sunda Islands", + "Nusa Tenggara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of islands forming a province of Indonesia to the east of Java; includes Bali and Timor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bismarck Archipelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the southwestern Pacific to the northeast of New Guinea; part of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Admiralty Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Bismarck Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borneo", + "Kalimantan" + ], + "it": [ + "Borneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3rd largest island in the world; in the western Pacific to the north of Java; largely covered by dense jungle and rain forest; part of the Malay Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bougainville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the Solomon Islands; a province of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalcanal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous island; the largest of the Solomon Islands in the independent state that is a member of the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Britain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago; part of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Caledonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island to the to the east of Australia and to the north of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Guinea" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Pacific island to the north of Australia; the 2nd largest island in the world; the western part is governed by Indonesia and the eastern part is Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papua New Guinea", + "Independent State of Papua New Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parliamentary democracy on the eastern half of the island of New Guinea; in 1975 it became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southeastern part of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Moresby", + "capital of Papua New Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administrative capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Ireland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Bismarck Archipelago; part of Papua New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austria-Hungary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area in central and eastern Europe; broken into separate countries at the end of World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austria", + "Republic of Austria", + "Oesterreich" + ], + "it": [ + "Austria", + "Repubblica Austriaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous republic in central Europe; under the Habsburgs (1278-1918) Austria maintained control of the Holy Roman Empire and was a leader in European politics until the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrol", + "Tirol" + ], + "it": [ + "Tirolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picturesque mountainous province of western Austria and northern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vienna", + "Austrian capital", + "capital of Austria" + ], + "it": [ + "Vienna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Austria; located on the Danube in northeastern Austria; was the home of Beethoven and Brahms and Haydn and Mozart and Schubert and Strauss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city is southeastern Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linz", + "Lentia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northern Austria on the Danube; noted as a cultural center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salzburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in western Austria; a music center and birthplace of Mozart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Innsbruck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southwestern Austria; known as a summer and winter resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahamas", + "Commonwealth of the Bahamas", + "Bahama Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Bahama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "island country in the Atlantic to the east of Florida and Cuba; a popular winter resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nassau", + "capital of the Bahamas" + ], + "it": [ + "Nassau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the Bahamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian Peninsula", + "Arabia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; strategically important for its oil resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahrain", + "State of Bahrain", + "Bahrein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island country in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia; oil revenues funded progressive programs until reserves were exhausted in 1970s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahrain", + "Bahrain Island", + "Bahrein", + "Bahrein Island" + ], + "it": [ + "Bahrein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Persian Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manama", + "capital of Bahrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Bahrain; located at the northern end of Bahrain Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangladesh", + "People's Republic of Bangladesh", + "Bangla Desh", + "East Pakistan" + ], + "it": [ + "Bangladesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim republic in southern Asia bordered by India to the north and west and east and the Bay of Bengal to the south; formerly part of India and then part of Pakistan; it achieved independence in 1971" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhaka", + "Dacca", + "capital of Bangladesh" + ], + "it": [ + "Dacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Bangladesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chittagong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city and industrial center in southeastern Bangladesh on the Bay of Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flanders" + ], + "it": [ + "Fiandre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval country in northern Europe that included regions now parts of northern France and Belgium and southwestern Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgium", + "Kingdom of Belgium", + "Belgique" + ], + "it": [ + "Belgio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruxelles", + "Brussels", + "Belgian capital", + "capital of Belgium" + ], + "it": [ + "Bruxelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Belgium; seat of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aalst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antwerpen", + "Antwerp", + "Anvers" + ], + "it": [ + "Anversa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruges", + "City of Bridges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Belgium that is connected by canal to the North Sea; in the 13th century it was a leading member of the Hanseatic League; the old city (known as the City of Bridges) is a popular tourist attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charleroi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southwestern Belgium; center of an industrial region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gent", + "Gand", + "Ghent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in northwestern Belgium and industrial center; famous for cloth industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liege", + "Luik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in eastern Belgium; largest French-speaking city in Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central Belgium situated on a promontory between the Meuse River and the Sambre River; the site of intense fighting in World War I and World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waterloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhutan", + "Kingdom of Bhutan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked principality in the Himalayas to the northeast of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Botswana", + "Republic of Botswana" + ], + "it": [ + "Botswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in south-central Africa that became independent from British control in the 1960s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaborone", + "capital of Botswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Botswana in the extreme southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolivia", + "Republic of Bolivia" + ], + "it": [ + "Bolivia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Paz", + "capital of Bolivia" + ], + "it": [ + "La Paz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital city in western Bolivia and the administrative seat of Bolivia's government; largest city in Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Cruz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sucre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the judicial capital and seat of the judiciary in Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazil", + "Federative Republic of Brazil", + "Brasil" + ], + "it": [ + "Brasile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a territory of western Brazil bordering on Bolivia and Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belem", + "Para", + "Feliz Lusitania", + "Santa Maria de Belem", + "St. Mary of Bethlehem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in northern Brazil in the Amazon delta; main port and commercial center for the Amazon River basin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belo Horizonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southeastern Brazil to the north of Rio de Janeiro; the first of Brazil's planned communities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brasilia", + "Brazilian capital", + "capital of Brazil" + ], + "it": [ + "Brasilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Brazil; a city built on the central plateau and inaugurated in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curitiba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joao Pessoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Brazil near the Atlantic Ocean to the north of Recife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Governador Valadares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Brazil to the northeast of Belo Horizonte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limeira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Brazil (northwest of Sao Paulo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Brazil; suburb of Sao Paulo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rio de Janeiro", + "Rio" + ], + "it": [ + "Rio de Janeiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the former capital and 2nd largest city of Brazil; chief Brazilian port; famous as a tourist attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Recife", + "Pernambuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of northeastern Brazil on the Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Brazil on an offshore island near Sao Paulo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Bernardo do Campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Brazil; an industrial suburb of Sao Paulo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Goncalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southeastern Brazil across the bay from Rio de Janeiro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Joao de Meriti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Brazil that is a residential suburb of Rio de Janeiro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Jose dos Campos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Brazil to the northeast of Sao Paulo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on an offshore island in northeast Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Paulo" + ], + "it": [ + "San Paolo", + "San Paolo del Brasile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ultramodern city in southeastern Brazil; the largest city in South America" + ], + "it": [ + "città capitale del Brasile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former empire consisting of Great Britain and all the territories under its control; reached its greatest extent at the end of World War I; it included the British Isles, British West Indies, Canada, British Guiana; British West Africa, British East Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British Isles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Great Britain and Ireland and adjacent islands in the north Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British East Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the former British territories of eastern Africa, including Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda, and Zanzibar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British West Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the former British territories of western Africa, including Nigeria, Cameroon, Gambia, Togo, Sierra Leone, and the Gold Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Britain", + "GB" + ], + "it": [ + "Gran Bretagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island comprising England and Scotland and Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ireland", + "Hibernia", + "Emerald Isle" + ], + "it": [ + "Irlanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early name of Ireland that is now used in poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Kingdom", + "UK", + "U.K.", + "Britain", + "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", + "Great Britain" + ], + "it": [ + "GB", + "Gran Bretagna", + "Regno Unito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; `Great Britain' is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom" + ], + "it": [ + "Regno costituito da Inghilterra, Scozia, Galles e Irlanda del Nord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "England" + ], + "it": [ + "Inghilterra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of the United Kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaic name for England or Great Britain; used poetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Latin name for England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blighty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slang term for Great Britain used by British troops serving abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake District", + "Lakeland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular tourist area in northwestern England including England's largest lake and highest mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "London", + "Greater London", + "British capital", + "capital of the United Kingdom" + ], + "it": [ + "Londra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "City of London", + "the City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of London situated within the ancient boundaries; the commercial and financial center of London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Home Counties" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English counties surrounding London into which Greater London has expanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of Greater London on the Thames; zero degrees of longitude runs through Greenwich; time is measured relative to Greenwich Mean Time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloomsbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district of central London laid out in garden squares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city district of central London now noted for restaurants and nightclubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wembley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a southeastern part of Greater London that is the site of the English national soccer stadium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West End" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of west central London containing the main entertainment and shopping areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Westminster", + "City of Westminster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of Greater London on the Thames; contains Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buckingham Palace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the London residence of the British sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Downing Street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street of Westminster in London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pall Mall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashionable street in London noted for its many private clubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houses of Parliament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the building in which the House of Commons and the House of Lords meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Westminster Abbey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famous Gothic church of St. Peter in Westminster, London on the site of a former Benedictine monastery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wimbledon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suburb of London and the headquarters of the club where annual international tennis championships are played on grass courts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern England (30 miles to the east of Liverpool); heart of the most densely populated area of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hull", + "Kingston-upon Hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fishing port in northeastern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liverpool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large city in northwestern England; its port is the country's major outlet for industrial exports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Birmingham", + "Brummagem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central England; 2nd largest English city and an important industrial and transportation center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern England on the River Cam; site of Cambridge University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern England on the River Avon; famous for its hot springs and Roman remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackpool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort town in Lancashire in northwestern England on the Irish Sea; famous for its tower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brighton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in East Sussex in southern England that is a popular resort; site of the University of Sussex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bristol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheddar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in southwestern England where cheddar cheese was first made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leeds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leicester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in Leicestershire in central England; built on the site of a Roman settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newcastle", + "Newcastle-upon-Tyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern England on the River Tyne; a center for coal exports (giving rise to the expression `carry coals to Newcastle' meaning to do something unnecessary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portsmouth", + "Pompey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southern England on the English Channel; Britain's major naval base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coventry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in central England; devastated by air raids during World War II; remembered as the home of Lady Godiva in the 11th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gloucester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern England in Gloucestershire on the Severn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reading" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the River Thames in Berkshire in southern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sheffield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steel manufacturing city in northern England famous for its cutlery industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stratford-on-Avon", + "Stratford-upon-Avon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central England on the River Avon; birthplace (and burial place) of William Shakespeare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunderland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and industrial city in northeastern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winchester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Worcester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cathedral city in west central England on the River Severn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berkshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornwall" + ], + "it": [ + "Cornovaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hilly county in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumbria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county of northwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumbria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Celtic kingdom in northwestern England; the name continued to be used for the hilly northwestern region of England including the Lake District and the northern Pennines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Devon", + "Devonshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Essex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southeastern England on the North Sea and the Thames estuary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gloucestershire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southwestern England in the lower Severn valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hampshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county of southern England on the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Forest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of woods and heathland in southern Hampshire that was set aside by William I as Crown property in 1079; originally a royal hunting ground but now administered as parkland; noted for its ponies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hertfordshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southeastern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, it was the first to be colonized by the Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somerset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southwestern England on the Bristol Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Sussex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southern England on the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hastings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in East Sussex just to the south of the place where the battle of Hastings took place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Sussex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southern England on the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canterbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Kent in southeastern England; site of the cathedral where Thomas a Becket was martyred in 1170; seat of the archbishop and primate of the Anglican Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leicestershire", + "Leicester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a largely agricultural county in central England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincolnshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agricultural county of eastern England on the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northumberland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northernmost county of England; has many Roman remains (including Hadrian's Wall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flodden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill in Northumberland where the invading Scots were defeated by the English in 1513" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Anglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of eastern England that was formerly a kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancashire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical area of northwestern England on the Irish Sea; noted for textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southeastern England on the Thames" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marston Moor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former moor in northern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yorkshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former large county in northern England; in 1974 it was divided into three smaller counties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Yorkshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in northern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Yorkshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metropolitan county in northern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Yorkshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a metropolitan county in northern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northamptonshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county is central England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northampton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal city of Northamptonshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naseby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in western Northamptonshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northumbria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Country" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southwestern part of England (including Cornwall and Devon and Somerset)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sussex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wessex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Saxon kingdom in southwestern England that became the most powerful English kingdom by the 10th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hadrian's Wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Roman wall built by Hadrian in the 2nd century; marked the northern boundary of the Roman Empire in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Channel Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of British islands in the English Channel off the northern coast of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jersey", + "island of Jersey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the Channel Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guernsey", + "island of Guernsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Channel Island to the northwest of Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scilly Islands", + "Isles of Scilly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago of small islands off the southwestern coast of England near the entrance to the English Channel; formerly a haven for smugglers and pirates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Man", + "Isle of Man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Ireland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of the United Kingdom located on the northern part of the island of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historic division of Ireland located in the northeastern part of the island; six of Ulster's nine counties are in Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belfast", + "capital of Northern Ireland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Northern Ireland; the center of Protestantism in Northern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ireland", + "Republic of Ireland", + "Irish Republic", + "Eire" + ], + "it": [ + "Irlanda", + "Repubblica d'Irlanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dublin", + "Irish capital", + "capital of Ireland" + ], + "it": [ + "Dublino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western Ireland on Galway Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limerick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in southwestern Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in eastern Ireland (northwest of Dublin); seat of Irish kings until 6th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waterford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southern Ireland; famous for glass industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotland" + ], + "it": [ + "Scozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caledonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Highlands", + "Highlands of Scotland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowlands", + "Lowlands of Scotland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galloway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district in southwestern Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Scotland on the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ayr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southwestern Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balmoral Castle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a castle in northeastern Scotland that is a private residence of the British sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edinburgh" + ], + "it": [ + "Edimburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lothian Region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district in southeast central Scotland (south side of the Firth of Forth) and the location of Edinburgh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glasgow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebrides", + "Hebridean Islands", + "Hebridean Isles", + "Western Islands", + "Western Isles" + ], + "it": [ + "Ebridi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of more than 500 islands off the western coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inner Hebrides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "islands between the Outer Hebrides and the western coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isle of Skye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of northwestern Scotland noted for its rugged mountain scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of western Scotland at the southern end of the Inner Hebrides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in western Scotland in the Inner Hebrides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in western Scotland in the Inner Hebrides to the west of Mull; site of Fingal's Cave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Outer Hebrides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 130-mile long archipelago to the northwest of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wales", + "Cymru", + "Cambria" + ], + "it": [ + "Galles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mining town in southern Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in northwestern Wales on the Menai Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newport" + ], + "it": [ + "Newport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sealyham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in southwestern Wales where the Sealyham terrier was first bred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swansea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southern Wales on an inlet of the Bristol Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglesey", + "Anglesey Island", + "Anglesea", + "Anglesea Island", + "Mona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island to the northwest of Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunei", + "Negara Brunei Darussalam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sultanate in northwestern Borneo; became independent of Great Britain in 1984" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sultanate" + ], + "it": [ + "sultanato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "country or territory ruled by a sultan" + ], + "it": [ + "territorio governato da un sultano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burkina Faso", + "Upper Volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desperately poor landlocked country in western Africa; was formerly Upper Volta under French rule but gained independence in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinai", + "Sinai Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in northeastern Egypt; at north end of Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian Empire", + "Egypt" + ], + "it": [ + "Egitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient empire to the west of Israel; centered on the Nile River and ruled by a Pharaoh; figured in many events described in the Old Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egypt", + "Arab Republic of Egypt", + "United Arab Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Egitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lower Egypt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two main administrative districts of Egypt; consists of the Nile delta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upper Egypt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the two main administrative districts of Egypt; extends south from Cairo to Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandria", + "El Iskandriyah" + ], + "it": [ + "Alessandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief port of Egypt; located on the western edge of the Nile delta on the Mediterranean Sea; founded by Alexander the Great; the capital of ancient Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aswan", + "Assuan", + "Assouan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city on the Nile in Egypt; two dams across the Nile have been built nearby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cairo", + "Al Qahira", + "El Qahira", + "Egyptian capital", + "capital of Egypt" + ], + "it": [ + "Cairo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Egypt and the largest city in Africa; a major port just to the south of the Nile delta; formerly the home of the Pharaohs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Alamein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village to the west of Alexandria on the northern coast of Egypt; the scene of a decisive Allied victory over the Germans in 1942" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giza", + "El Giza", + "Gizeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Egyptian city on the west bank of the Nile opposite Cairo; site of three Great Pyramids and the Sphinx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Memphis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city of Egypt on the Nile (south of Cairo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nag Hammadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Upper Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luxor", + "El-Aksur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Egypt on the east bank of the Nile that is a center for visitors to the ruins of and around Thebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thebes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Egyptian city on the Nile River that flourished from the 22nd century BC to the 18th century BC; today the archeological remains include many splendid temples and tombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saqqara", + "Saqqarah", + "Sakkara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Egypt; site of the oldest Egyptian pyramids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Egypt at the head of the Gulf of Suez and at the southern end of the Suez Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suez Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "India", + "Republic of India", + "Bharat" + ], + "it": [ + "India" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state in northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karnataka", + "Mysore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state in southern India; formerly Mysore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manipur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state in northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindustan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "northern region of India where Hinduism predominates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sikkim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical area and former kingdom in northeastern India in the Himalaya Mountains between Nepal and Bhutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kanara", + "Canara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region of southwestern India on the west coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punjab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical region on northwestern India and northern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Delhi", + "Indian capital", + "capital of India" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of India is a division of the old city of Delhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delhi", + "Old Delhi" + ], + "it": [ + "Delhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangalore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in south central India (west of Chennai)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jabalpur", + "Jubbulpore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of central India to the southeast of Delhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kolkata", + "Calcutta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in India and one of the largest cities in the world; located in eastern India; suffers from poverty and overcrowding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mumbai", + "Bombay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western India just off the coast of the Arabian Sea; India's 2nd largest city (after Calcutta); has the only natural deep-water harbor in western India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern India; former capital of the Mogul empire; site of the Taj Mahal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyderabad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central India in Andhra Pradesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chennai", + "Madras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Tamil Nadu on the Bay of Bengal; formerly Madras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucknow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern India in Uttar Pradesh; during the Indian Mutiny its British residents were besieged by Indian insurgents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mysore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern India to the southwest of Bangalore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andhra Pradesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of southeastern India on the Bay of Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bihar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of southwestern India; a former Portuguese colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gujarat", + "Gujerat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrialized state in western India that includes parts of Bombay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamil Nadu", + "Madras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southeastern India on the Bay of Bengal (south of Andhra Pradesh); formerly Madras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uttar Pradesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gujarat", + "Gujerat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of western India to the north of Bombay (bordering the Arabian Sea) where Gujarati is spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maharashtra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical area in west-central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state in eastern India on the Bay of Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nilgiri Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hills in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Bengal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepal", + "Kingdom of Nepal" + ], + "it": [ + "Nepal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small landlocked Asian country high in the Himalayas between India and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kathmandu", + "Katmandu", + "capital of Nepal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibet", + "Thibet", + "Xizang", + "Sitsang" + ], + "it": [ + "Tibet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China; located in the Himalayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lhasa", + "Lassa", + "capital of Tibet", + "Forbidden City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sacred city of Lamaism; known as the Forbidden City for its former inaccessibility and hostility to strangers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indonesia", + "Republic of Indonesia", + "Dutch East Indies" + ], + "it": [ + "Indonesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southeastern Asia on an archipelago including more than 13,000 islands; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1945; the principal oil producer in the Far East and Pacific regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Java" + ], + "it": [ + "Giava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in Indonesia to the south of Borneo; one of the world's most densely populated regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in Indonesia to the east of Java; striking volcanic scenery; culture is known for elaborate dances and rituals and for handicrafts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in Indonesia in the Malay Archipelago; the largest and most eastern of the Lesser Sunda Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumatra" + ], + "it": [ + "Sumatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous island in western Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celebes", + "Sulawesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous island in eastern Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moluccas", + "Spice Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of island in eastern Indonesia between Celebes and New Guinea; settled by the Portuguese but taken by the Dutch who made them the center for a spice monopoly, at which time they were known as Spice Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian Borneo", + "Kalimantan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of Indonesia on the southern side of the island of Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jakarta", + "Djakarta", + "capital of Indonesia" + ], + "it": [ + "Djakarta", + "Jakarta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Indonesia; located on the island of Java; founded by the Dutch in 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bandung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Indonesia; located on western Java (southeast of Jakarta); a resort known for its climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Indonesia; located in northeastern Sumatra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Semarang", + "Samarang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city is southern Indonesia; located in northern Java" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the countries in southwestern Asia that border the Persian Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iran", + "Islamic Republic of Iran", + "Persia" + ], + "it": [ + "Iran", + "Persia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia; Iran was the core of the ancient empire that was known as Persia until 1935; rich in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teheran", + "Tehran", + "capital of Iran", + "Iranian capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Teheran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Iran; located in northern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in southeastern Iran; destroyed by an earthquake in 2003" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mashhad", + "Meshed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the holy city of Shiite Muslims; located in northeastern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isfahan", + "Esfahan", + "Aspadana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in central Iran; former capital of Persia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rasht", + "Resht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northwestern Iran near the Caspian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shiraz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central southwestern Iran; ruins of ancient Persepolis are nearby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabriz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in northwestern Iran; known for hot springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urmia", + "Orumiyeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the western side of Lake Urmia in northwestern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Iran; a place of pilgrimage for Shiite Muslims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persia", + "Persian Empire" + ], + "it": [ + "Persia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persepolis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city that was the capital of the ancient Persian Empire; now in ruins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elam", + "Susiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country in southwestern Asia to the east of the Tigris River (in what is modern Iran); was known for its warlike people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraq", + "Republic of Iraq", + "Al-Iraq", + "Irak" + ], + "it": [ + "Iraq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the area now known as Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baghdad", + "Bagdad", + "capital of Iraq" + ], + "it": [ + "Baghdad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Iraq; located on the Tigris River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basra", + "Basia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest city in Iraq; an oil port in southern Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kerbala", + "Karbala", + "Kerbela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central Iraq to the south of Baghdad; a holy city for Shiite Muslims because it is the site of the tomb of Mohammed's grandson who was killed there in 680" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirkuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Iraq; the center of a rich oilfield with pipelines to the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mosul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Iraq on the Tigris across from the ruins of Nineveh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levant" + ], + "it": [ + "levante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the former name for the geographical area of the eastern Mediterranean that is now occupied by Lebanon, Syria, and Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macedon", + "Macedonia", + "Makedonija" + ], + "it": [ + "Macedonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander the Great in the southeastern Balkans that is now divided among modern Macedonia and Greece and Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in ancient Macedonia that was important in early Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient country and wine producing region in the east of the Balkan Peninsula to the north of the Aegean Sea; colonized by ancient Greeks; later a Roman province; now divided between Bulgaria and Greece and Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edirne", + "Adrianople", + "Adrianopolis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Turkey; a Thracian town that was rebuilt and renamed by the Roman Emperor Hadrian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesopotamia" + ], + "it": [ + "Mesopotamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the land between the Tigris and Euphrates; site of several ancient civilizations; part of what is now known as Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babylon" + ], + "it": [ + "Babilonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capital of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babylonia", + "Chaldaea", + "Chaldea" + ], + "it": [ + "Babilonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom in southern Mesopotamia; Babylonia conquered Israel in the 6th century BC and exiled the Jews to Babylon (where Daniel became a counselor to the king)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaldea", + "Chaldaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of Mesopotamia lying between the Euphrates delta and the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Desert; settled in 1000 BC and destroyed by the Persians in 539 BC; reached the height of its power under Nebuchadnezzar II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumer" + ], + "it": [ + "Sumer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in the southern region of Babylonia in present-day Iraq; site of the Sumerian civilization of city-states that flowered during the third millennium BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city of Sumer located on a former channel of the Euphrates River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assyria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assur", + "Asur", + "Ashur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Assyrian city on the Tigris and traditional capital of Assyria; just to the south of the modern city of Mosul in Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nineveh" + ], + "it": [ + "Ninive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Assyrian city on the Tigris across from the modern city of Mosul in the northern part of what is now known as Iraq" + ], + "it": [ + "antica città assira sulla riva destra del Tigri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenicia", + "Phenicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient maritime country (a collection of city states) at eastern end of the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carthage" + ], + "it": [ + "Cartagine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis; founded by Phoenicians; destroyed and rebuilt by Romans; razed by Arabs in 697" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city on the north coast of Africa (northwest of Carthage); destroyed by Arabs around 700 AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan", + "Japanese Islands", + "Japanese Archipelago" + ], + "it": [ + "Giappone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of more than 3,000 islands to the east of Asia extending 1,300 miles between the Sea of Japan and the western Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hokkaido", + "Ezo", + "Yezo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest of the four main islands of Japan; to the north of Honshu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honshu", + "Hondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central and largest of the four main islands of Japan; between the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean; regarded as the Japanese mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyushu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southernmost of the four main islands of Japan; contains coal fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shikoku" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest of the four main islands of Japan; to the south of Honshu and to the east of Kyushu; separated from Honshu by the Inland Sea; forested and mountainous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan", + "Nippon", + "Nihon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy occupying the Japanese Archipelago; a world leader in electronics and automobile manufacture and ship building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asahikawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on western Hokkaido that is the center of a fertile agricultural area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tokyo", + "Tokio", + "Yeddo", + "Yedo", + "Edo", + "Japanese capital", + "capital of Japan" + ], + "it": [ + "Tokyo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Japan; the economic and cultural center of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nagano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Honshu to the northwest of Tokyo; site of a Buddhist shrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nagoya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southern Honshu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omiya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of east central Honshu; a suburb of Tokyo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osaka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city on southern Honshu on Osaka Bay; a commercial and industrial center of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yokohama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city on southeastern Honshu in central Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Okinawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest island of the central Ryukyu Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naha City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief city in the Ryukyu Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ryukyu Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of 55 islands in the western Pacific to the to the southwest of Japan (returned by United States to Japan in 1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in Japan on Osaka Bay in southern Honshu; was damaged by an earthquake in 1995" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Japan on southern Honshu; a famous cultural center that was once the capital of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hiroshima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the southwestern coast of Honshu in Japan; on August 6, 1945 Hiroshima was almost completely destroyed by the first atomic bomb dropped on a populated area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapporo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial city in northern Japan on western Hokkaido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kitakyushu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese city on northern Kyushu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fukuoka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Japan on Kyushu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nagasaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Japan on Kyushu; a leading port and shipbuilding center; on August 9, 1945 Nagasaki became the second populated area to receive an atomic bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toyohashi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese city in southern Honshu on the Pacific shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toyonaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese city in southern Honshu; main residential suburb of Osaka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toyota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of Japan in southern Honshu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asama", + "Mount Asama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcano in central Honshu near Nagano; one of the largest volcanoes in Japan (8,340 feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volcano Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Japanese Islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean to the north of the Marianas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iwo Jima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the Volcano Islands of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordan", + "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan" + ], + "it": [ + "Giordania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arab kingdom in southwestern Asia on the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amman", + "capital of Jordan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Al Aqabah", + "Aqaba", + "Akaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jordan's port; located in southwestern Jordan on the Gulf of Aqaba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jericho" + ], + "it": [ + "Gerico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in Palestine near the north end of the Dead Sea; in the Old Testament it was the first place taken by the Israelites under Joshua as they entered the Promised Land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Az Zarqa", + "Zarqa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northwestern Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenya", + "Republic of Kenya" + ], + "it": [ + "Kenya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1963; major archeological discoveries have been made in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nairobi", + "capital of Kenya" + ], + "it": [ + "Nairobi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Kenya; a center for tourist safaris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kisumu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western Kenya on the northeastern shore of Lake Victoria; fishing and trading center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mombasa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southern Kenya on a coral island in a bay of the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nakuru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Kenya; commercial center of an agricultural region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwait", + "State of Kuwait", + "Koweit" + ], + "it": [ + "Kuwait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arab kingdom in Asia on the northwestern coast of the Persian Gulf; a major source of petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwait", + "Kuwait City", + "Koweit", + "capital of Kuwait" + ], + "it": [ + "Kuwait", + "Kuwait City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport on the Persian Gulf and capital of Kuwait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaul", + "Gallia" + ], + "it": [ + "Gallia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of western Europe that included what is now northern Italy and France and Belgium and part of Germany and the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "France", + "French Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Francia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris", + "City of Light", + "French capital", + "capital of France" + ], + "it": [ + "Parigi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Left Bank", + "Latin Quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of Paris on the southern bank of the Seine; a center of artistic and student life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montmartre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest point in Paris; famous for its associations with many artists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clichy", + "Clichy-la-Garenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northwestern suburb of Paris; the residence of the Merovingian royalty in the 7th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a southeastern suburb of Paris; site of an international airport serving Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quai d'Orsay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the street in Paris along the south bank of the Seine known for its governmental ministries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Right Bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of Paris on the north bank of the Seine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ile-St-Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "island in Paris on the Seine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Champs Elysees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major avenue in Paris famous for elegant shops and cafes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avignon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern France on the Rhone River; the seat of the papacy from 1309 to 1378 and the residence of antipopes during the Great Schism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bordeaux" + ], + "it": [ + "Bordeaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern France; a major center of the wine trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern France (in Brittany); the chief naval station of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England; in 1347 it was captured by the English king Edward III after a long siege and remained in English hands until it was recaptured by the French king Henry II in 1558" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cannes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and resort city on the French Riviera; site of an annual film festival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chablis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central France noted for white Burgundy wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chartres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern France that is noted for its Gothic Cathedral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherbourg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port town in northwestern France on the English Channel; site of a naval base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dijon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in eastern France to the north of Lyons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dunkirk", + "Dunkerque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport in northern France on the North Sea; scene of the evacuation of British forces in 1940 during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grenoble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern France on the Isere River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Havre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northern France on the English Channel at the mouth of the Seine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northern France near the Belgian border; was the medieval capital of Flanders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyon", + "Lyons" + ], + "it": [ + "Lione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east-central France on the Rhone River; a principal producer of silk and rayon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marseille", + "Marseilles" + ], + "it": [ + "Marsiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nancy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern France in Lorraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nantes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western France on the Loire estuary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nice" + ], + "it": [ + "Nizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean; the leading resort on the French Riviera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orleans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the Loire river in north central France; site of the siege of Orleans by the English (1428-1429)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rheims", + "Reims" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern France to the east of Paris; scene of the coronation of most French kings; site of the unconditional German surrender in 1945 at the end of World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strasbourg", + "Strassburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city on the Rhine in eastern France near the German border; an inland port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toulon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city and naval base in southeastern France on the Mediterranean coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toulouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the Garonne River in southern France to the southeast of Bordeaux; a cultural center of medieval Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tours" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in western France on the Loire River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valenciennes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern France long noted for its lace industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Versailles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central France near Paris; site of the Palace of Versailles that was built by Louis XIV in the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vichy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central France (south of Paris) noted for hot mineral springs; was capital of the unoccupied part of France during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central France where is 1311-1313 the Roman Catholic Church held one of its councils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riviera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coastal area between La Spezia in Italy and Cannes in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Riviera", + "Cote d'Azur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the French part of the Riviera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical subdivision of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alsace", + "Alsatia", + "Elsass" + ], + "it": [ + "Alsazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern France famous for its wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anjou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of western France in the Loire valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquitaine", + "Aquitania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southwestern France between Bordeaux and the Pyrenees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of northern France near the English Channel (between Picardy and Flanders)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auvergne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in central France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basse-Normandie", + "Lower-Normandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of Normandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bourgogne", + "Burgundy" + ], + "it": [ + "Borgogna", + "borgogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of eastern France that is famous for its wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bretagne", + "Brittany", + "Breiz" + ], + "it": [ + "Bretagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-lying region in central France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Champagne", + "Champagne-Ardenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ardennes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooded plateau in the Champagne-Ardenne region of France; the site of intense fighting in World War I and World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corse", + "Corsica" + ], + "it": [ + "Corsica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of France on the island of Corsica; birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corse", + "Corsica" + ], + "it": [ + "Corsica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Mediterranean; with adjacent islets it constitutes a region of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franche-Comte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of eastern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gascogne", + "Gascony" + ], + "it": [ + "Guascogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southwestern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haute-Normandie", + "Upper-Normandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of Normandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ile-de-France" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of north central France including Paris and the area around it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Languedoc-Roussillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in south central France; named after the medieval dialect of French that was spoken there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limousin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of central France to the west of the Auvergne mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorraine", + "Lothringen" + ], + "it": [ + "Lorena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern French region rich in iron-ore deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martinique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the eastern Caribbean in the Windward Islands; administered as an overseas region of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a department of northwestern France in the Pays de la Loire region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern part of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midi-Pyrenees" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in southwestern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nord-Pas-de-Calais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northeastern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pays de la Loire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agricultural region of western France on the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picardie", + "Picardy" + ], + "it": [ + "Piccardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northern France on the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poitou-Charentes", + "Poitou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low-lying region of west central France on the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhone-Alpes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous region of eastern France drained by the Rhone and Saone and Isere rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Normandie", + "Normandy" + ], + "it": [ + "Normandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orleanais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of north central France; centered around Orleans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Provence" + ], + "it": [ + "Provenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of southeastern France; now administered with Cote d'Azur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyonnais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of east central France; now administered by Rhone-Alpes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical region of historical importance; a former duchy in what is now southwestern France, western Switzerland, and northwestern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gabon", + "Gabonese Republic", + "Gabun" + ], + "it": [ + "Gabon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the west coast of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libreville", + "capital of Gabon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Gabon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambia", + "The Gambia", + "Republic of The Gambia" + ], + "it": [ + "Gambia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow republic surrounded by Senegal in West Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Banjul", + "capital of Gambia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city and capital of Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ghana", + "Republic of Ghana", + "Gold Coast" + ], + "it": [ + "Ghana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Accra", + "capital of Ghana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Ghana with a deep-water port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kumasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grenada" + ], + "it": [ + "Grenada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island state in the West Indies in the southeastern Caribbean Sea; an independent state within the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. George's", + "capital of Grenada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Grenada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea", + "Republic of Guinea", + "French Guinea" + ], + "it": [ + "Guinea francese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in western Africa on the Atlantic; formerly a French colony; achieved independence from France in 1958" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conakry", + "Konakri", + "capital of Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and the capital of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea-Bissau", + "Republic of Guinea-Bissau", + "Guine-Bissau", + "Portuguese Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the northwestern coast of Africa; recognized as independent by Portugal in 1974" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bissau", + "capital of Guinea-Bissau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Guinea-Bissau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guiana" + ], + "it": [ + "Guiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geographical region of northeastern South America including Guyana and Surinam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guyana", + "Co-operative Republic of Guyana", + "British Guiana" + ], + "it": [ + "Guiana inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern South America; formerly part of the British Empire, but it achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1966" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgetown", + "Stabroek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city and the capital and largest city of Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demerara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Dutch colony in South America; now a part of Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Netherlands", + "The Netherlands", + "Kingdom of The Netherlands", + "Nederland", + "Holland" + ], + "it": [ + "Olanda", + "Paesi Bassi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amsterdam", + "Dutch capital", + "capital of The Netherlands" + ], + "it": [ + "Amsterdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial center and the nominal capital of the Netherlands; center of the diamond-cutting industry; seat of an important stock exchange; known for its canals and art museum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apeldoorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of east central Netherlands; a popular tourist center and site of the summer residence of the Dutch royal family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnhem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the central Netherlands on the lower Rhine River; site of a battle in 1944 during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "The Hague", + "'s Gravenhage", + "Den Haag" + ], + "it": [ + "Aia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the site of the royal residence and the de facto capital in the western part of the Netherlands; seat of the International Court of Justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eindhoven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southeastern Netherlands noted for electrical industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nijmegen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in the eastern Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rotterdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd largest city in the Netherlands; located in the western Netherlands near the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leiden", + "Leyden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the western Netherlands; residence of the Pilgrim Fathers for 11 years before they sailed for America in 1620" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utrecht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the central Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friesland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the northernmost provinces of the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friesland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the western part of the ancient region of Frisia in northern Europe on the North Sea between the Scheldt river and the Weser river; part of this region is now a province in the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient region of northwestern Europe including the Frisian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisian Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of islands in the North Sea off the coast of northwestern Europe extending from the IJsselmeer to Jutland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungary", + "Republic of Hungary", + "Magyarorszag" + ], + "it": [ + "Ungheria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in central Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Budapest", + "Hungarian capital", + "capital of Hungary" + ], + "it": [ + "Budapest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Hungary; located on the Danube River in north-central Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faroe Islands", + "Faeroe Islands", + "Faroes", + "Faeroes" + ], + "it": [ + "Faroar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of 21 volcanic islands in the North Atlantic between Iceland and the Shetland Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faroe Islands", + "Faeroe Islands", + "Faroes", + "Faeroes" + ], + "it": [ + "Faroar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-governing colony that is a possession of Denmark in the Faroe Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thorshavn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administrative center of the Faroe Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland" + ], + "it": [ + "Islanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland", + "Republic of Iceland" + ], + "it": [ + "Islanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island republic on the island of Iceland; became independent of Denmark in 1944" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reykjavik", + "capital of Iceland" + ], + "it": [ + "Reykjavik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port of Iceland on the southwestern coast of Iceland; buildings are heated by natural hot water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orkney Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Orcadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago of about 70 islands in the North Atlantic and North Sea off the northeastern coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shetland", + "Shetland Islands", + "Zetland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago of about 100 islands in the North Atlantic off the north coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thule", + "ultima Thule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the geographical region believed by ancient geographers to be the northernmost land in the inhabited world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Greenland; during World War II a United States naval base was built there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korea", + "Korean Peninsula", + "Dae-Han-Min-Gook", + "Han-Gook" + ], + "it": [ + "Corea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian peninsula (off Manchuria) separating the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan; the Korean name is Dae-Han-Min-Gook or Han-Gook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the name for Korea as a Japanese province (1910-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Korea", + "Democratic People's Republic of Korea", + "D.P.R.K.", + "DPRK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist country in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyongyang", + "capital of North Korea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of North Korea and an industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Korea", + "Republic of Korea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula; established in 1948" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seoul", + "capital of South Korea" + ], + "it": [ + "Seul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of South Korea and the largest city of Asia; located in northwestern South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inchon", + "Incheon", + "Chemulpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western South Korea on the Yellow Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwangju" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southwestern South Korea; an important military base during the Korean War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taegu", + "Tegu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pusan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern South Korea on the Korean Strait; the chief port and second largest city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laos", + "Lao People's Democratic Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Laos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous landlocked communist state in southeastern Asia; achieved independence from France in 1949" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vientiane", + "Laotian capital", + "capital of Laos" + ], + "it": [ + "Vientiane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Laos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lappland", + "Lapland" + ], + "it": [ + "Lapponia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in northmost Europe inhabited by Lapps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lebanon", + "Lebanese Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Libano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayrut", + "Beirut", + "capital of Lebanon" + ], + "it": [ + "Beirut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Lebanon; located in western Lebanon on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarabulus", + "Tripoli", + "Tarabulus Ash-Sham", + "Trablous" + ], + "it": [ + "Tripoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city and commercial center in northwestern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sayda", + "Saida", + "Sidon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main city of ancient Phoenicia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sur", + "Tyre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea; formerly a major Phoenician seaport famous for silks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byblos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Mediterranean seaport that was a thriving city state in Phoenicia during the second millennium BC; was the chief port for the export of papyrus; located in Lebanon to the north of Beirut; now partially excavated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesotho", + "Kingdom of Lesotho", + "Basutoland" + ], + "it": [ + "Lesotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked constitutional monarchy in southern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1966" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maseru", + "capital of Lesotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Lesotho; located in northwestern Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberia", + "Republic of Liberia" + ], + "it": [ + "Liberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in West Africa; established in 1822 by Americans as a way to free negro slaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monrovia", + "Liberian capital", + "capital of Liberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port and largest city of Liberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libya", + "Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya" + ], + "it": [ + "Libia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military dictatorship in northern Africa on the Mediterranean; consists almost entirely of desert; a major exporter of petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tripoli", + "Tarabulus Al-Gharb", + "capital of Libya" + ], + "it": [ + "Tripoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port and largest city of Libya; in northwestern Libya on the Mediterranean Sea; founded by the Phoenicians in the 7th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benghazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port in northern Libya on the Gulf of Sidra; formerly a joint capital of Libya with Tripoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liechtenstein", + "Principality of Liechtenstein" + ], + "it": [ + "Liechtenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small landlocked principality (constitutional monarchy) in central Europe located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaduz", + "capital of Liechtenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Liechtenstein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luxembourg", + "Grand Duchy of Luxembourg", + "Luxemburg" + ], + "it": [ + "Lussemburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grand duchy (a constitutional monarchy) landlocked in northwestern Europe between France and Belgium and Germany; an international financial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luxembourg-Ville", + "Luxembourg", + "Luxemburg", + "Luxembourg City", + "capital of Luxembourg" + ], + "it": [ + "Lussemburgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Luxembourg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macedonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "landlocked republic on the Balkan Peninsula; achieved independence from Yugoslavia in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skopje", + "Skoplje", + "Uskub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of modern Macedonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa; the 4th largest island in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascar", + "Republic of Madagascar", + "Malagasy Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the island of Madagascar; achieved independence from France in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antananarivo", + "capital of Madagascar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malawi", + "Republic of Malawi", + "Nyasaland" + ], + "it": [ + "Malawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in southern central Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blantyre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southern Malawi; largest city and commercial center of Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilongwe", + "capital of Malawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Malawi; located in south central Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Malawi; was the capital until 1971" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaysia", + "Malaya" + ], + "it": [ + "Malaysia", + "Malesia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy in southeastern Asia on Borneo and the Malay Peninsula; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1957" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuala Lumpur" + ], + "it": [ + "Kuala Lumpur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city and former capital of Malaysia until 2005" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Putrajaya", + "capital of Malaysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Malaysia's sparkling new capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Malaysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of Malaysia that is on the island of Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabah", + "North Borneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of Malaysia in northeastern Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarawak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of Malaysia on northwestern Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Malaysia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of Malaysia on the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malay Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in southeastern Asia occupied by parts of Malaysia and Thailand and Myanmar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maldives", + "Maldive Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of about 1,200 small coral islands (about 220 inhabited) in the Indian ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maldives", + "Republic of Maldives" + ], + "it": [ + "Maldive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the Maldive Islands; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1965" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Maldives in the center of the islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mali", + "Republic of Mali", + "French Sudan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in northwestern Africa; achieved independence from France in 1960; Mali was a center of West African civilization for more than 4,000 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bamako" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Mali; located in the south on the Niger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timbuktu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Mali near the Niger river; formerly famous for its gold trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malta" + ], + "it": [ + "Malta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategically located island to the south of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malta", + "Republic of Malta" + ], + "it": [ + "Malta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the island of Malta in the Mediterranean; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valletta", + "Valetta", + "capital of Malta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Malta; located on the northeastern coast of the island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritania", + "Islamic Republic of Mauritania", + "Mauritanie", + "Muritaniya" + ], + "it": [ + "Mauritania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country in northwestern Africa with a provisional military government; achieved independence from France in 1960; largely western Sahara Desert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nouakchott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Mauritania; located in western Mauritania near the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritius" + ], + "it": [ + "Maurizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the southwestern Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritius", + "Republic of Mauritius" + ], + "it": [ + "Maurizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parliamentary state on the island of Mauritius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and chief port of Mauritius; located on the northwestern coast of the island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monaco", + "Principality of Monaco" + ], + "it": [ + "Monaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy in a tiny enclave on the French Riviera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monaco-Ville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Monaco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monte Carlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town and popular resort in the principality of Monaco; famous for its gambling casino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tartary", + "Tatary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vast geographical region of Europe and Asia that was controlled by the Mongols in the 13th and 14th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Mongolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast region in Asia including the Mongolian People's Republic and China's Inner Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongolia", + "Mongolian People's Republic", + "Outer Mongolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Mongolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked socialist republic in central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulan Bator", + "Ulaanbaatar", + "Urga", + "Kulun", + "capital of Mongolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morocco", + "Kingdom of Morocco", + "Maroc", + "Marruecos", + "Al-Magrib" + ], + "it": [ + "Marocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kingdom (constitutional monarchy) in northwestern Africa with a largely Muslim population; achieved independence from France in 1956" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casablanca" + ], + "it": [ + "Casablanca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port on the Atlantic and the largest city of Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Aaium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Morocco near the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fez", + "Fes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Morocco; religious center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marrakesh", + "Marrakech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Morocco; tourist center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oujda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Morocco near the Algerian border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rabat", + "capital of Morocco" + ], + "it": [ + "Rabat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Morocco; located in the northwestern on the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tangier", + "Tangiers" + ], + "it": [ + "Tangeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of northern Morocco at the west end of the Strait of Gibraltar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western Sahara", + "Spanish Sahara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in northwestern Africa with rich phosphate deposits; under Moroccan control since 1992" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozambique", + "Republic of Mozambique", + "Mocambique" + ], + "it": [ + "Mozambico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the southeastern coast of Africa on the Mozambique Channel; became independent from Portugal in 1975" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in eastern Mozambique on the Mozambique Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maputo", + "capital of Mozambique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Mozambique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natal", + "KwaZulu-Natal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of eastern South Africa on the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand", + "New Zealand Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Zelanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North Island and South Island and adjacent small islands in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smaller but more populous of two main islands of New Zealand; separated from South Island by Cook Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larger but less populous of two main islands of New Zealand; separated from North Island by Cook Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Zelanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent country within the British Commonwealth; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1907; known for sheep and spectacular scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auckland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city and principal port of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christchurch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "industrial city at the center of a rich agricultural region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wellington", + "capital of New Zealand" + ], + "it": [ + "Wellington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niger", + "Republic of Niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in West Africa; gained independence from France in 1960; most of the country is dominated by the Sahara Desert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niamey", + "capital of Niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Niger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigeria", + "Federal Republic of Nigeria" + ], + "it": [ + "Nigeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; gained independence from Britain in 1960; most populous African country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abuja", + "capital of Nigeria", + "Nigerian capital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Nigeria in the center of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ibadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large Yoruba city in southwestern Nigeria; site of a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katsina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Nigeria; a major center of the Hausa people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagos" + ], + "it": [ + "Lagos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief port and economic center of Nigeria; located in southwestern Nigeria on the Gulf of Guinea; former capital of Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maiduguri", + "Yerwa-Maiduguri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Nigeria; an agricultural trading center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Nigeria; agricultural trading center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oman", + "Sultanate of Oman", + "Muscat and Oman" + ], + "it": [ + "Oman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategically located monarchy on the southern and eastern coasts of the Arabian Peninsula; the economy is dominated by oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscat", + "Masqat", + "capital of Oman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port on the Gulf of Oman and capital of the sultanate of Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kashmir", + "Cashmere", + "Jammu and Kashmir" + ], + "it": [ + "Kashmir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in southwestern Asia whose sovereignty is disputed between Pakistan and India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pakistan", + "Islamic Republic of Pakistan", + "West Pakistan" + ], + "it": [ + "Pakistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faisalabad", + "Lyallpur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northeast Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyderabad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Pakistan on the Indus River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamabad", + "capital of Pakistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Pakistan in the north on a plateau; the site was chosen in 1959" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Pakistan; located in southeastern Pakistan; an industrial center and seaport on the Arabian Sea; former capital of Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lahore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northeast Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peshawar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in northern Pakistan at the eastern end of the Khyber Pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rawalpindi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in northeastern Pakistan; served as capital of Pakistan while Islamabad was being built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of southeastern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palau", + "Palau Islands", + "Belau", + "Pelew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of more than 200 islands about 400 miles long in the western central Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palau", + "Republic of Palau", + "TT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in the western central Pacific Ocean in association with the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paraguay", + "Republic of Paraguay" + ], + "it": [ + "Paraguay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in south central South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1811" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asuncion", + "capital of Paraguay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port of Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient kingdom in Asia to the southeast of the Caspian Sea; it dominated southwestern Asia from about 250 BC to AD 226" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peru", + "Republic of Peru" + ], + "it": [ + "Perù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in western South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; was the heart of the Inca empire from the 12th to 16th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arequipa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Peru founded in 1540 on the site of an ancient Inca city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuzco", + "Cusco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in the Andes in southern Peru; formerly the capital of the Inca empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lima", + "capital of Peru" + ], + "it": [ + "Lima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city and economic center of Peru; located in western Peru; was capital of the Spanish empire in the New World until the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machu Picchu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Inca fortress city in the Andes in Peru discovered in 1911; it may have been built in the 15th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippines", + "Philippine Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Filippine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago in the southwestern Pacific including some 7000 islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Visayan islands of the central Philippines; important for its fine harbor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luzon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main island of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mindanao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest island of the Philippines at the southern end of the archipelago; mountainous and volcanic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mindoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous island in the central Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippines", + "Republic of the Philippines" + ], + "it": [ + "Filippine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the Philippine Islands; achieved independence from the United States in 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manila", + "capital of the Philippines" + ], + "it": [ + "Manila", + "manilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of the Philippines; located on southern Luzon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caloocan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suburb of Manila in southwestern Luzon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebu", + "Cebu City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important seaport on the island of Cebu in the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quezon City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city on Luzon adjoining Manila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinatubo", + "Mount Pinatubo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcano on Luzon to the northwest of Manila; erupted in 1991 after 600 years of dormancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Visayan Islands", + "Bisayas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group of islands in the central Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poland", + "Republic of Poland", + "Polska" + ], + "it": [ + "Polonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warszawa", + "Warsaw", + "capital of Poland" + ], + "it": [ + "Varsavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bydgoszcz", + "Bromberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city and river port in northern Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cracow", + "Krakow", + "Krakau" + ], + "it": [ + "Cracovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southern Poland on the Vistula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czestochowa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southern Poland whose church contains the statue of the black Madonna which attracts many pilgrims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gdansk", + "Danzig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of northern Poland near the mouth of the Vistula River on a gulf of the Baltic Sea; a member of the Hanseatic League in the 14th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Katowice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of southern Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lodz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large city of central Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lublin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of eastern Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wroclaw", + "Breslau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Poland on the Oder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zabrze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southern Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iberian Peninsula", + "Iberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in southwestern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portugal", + "Portuguese Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Portogallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azores", + "Acores" + ], + "it": [ + "Azzorre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "islands in the Atlantic Ocean belonging to Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madeira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa; the largest of the Madeira Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madeira Islands", + "Madeiras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of volcanic islands in the Atlantic Ocean to the west of Morocco; the group forms an autonomous region of Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city in northern Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lisbon", + "Lisboa", + "capital of Portugal" + ], + "it": [ + "Lisbona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city and economic and cultural center of Portugal; a major port in western Portugal on Tagus River where it broadens and empties into the Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porto", + "Oporto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in northwest Portugal; noted for port wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Setubal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Atlantic coast of Portugal to the southeast of Lisbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatar", + "Qatar Peninsula", + "Katar", + "Katar Peninsula" + ], + "it": [ + "Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula extending northward from the Arabian mainland into the Persian Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatar", + "State of Qatar", + "Katar", + "State of Katar" + ], + "it": [ + "Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arab country on the peninsula of Qatar; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1971; the economy is dominated by oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doha", + "Bida", + "El Beda", + "capital of Qatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port of Qatar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Kitts and Nevis", + "Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis", + "Saint Christopher-Nevis", + "St. Christopher-Nevis", + "St. Kitts and Nevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on several of the Leeward Islands; located to the east southeast of Puerto Rico; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1983" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Christopher", + "St. Christopher", + "Saint Kitts", + "St. Kitts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the islands comprising Saint Christopher-Nevis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basseterre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Saint Kitts and Nevis on the island of Saint Christopher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nevis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the islands of Saint Christopher-Nevis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sombrero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the islands of Saint Christopher-Nevis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Lucia", + "St. Lucia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island in the Windward Isles to the south of Martinique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Lucia", + "St. Lucia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country on the island of Saint Lucia; gained independence from Great Britain in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port on the island of Saint Lucia; capital and largest city of Saint Lucia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", + "St. Vincent and the Grenadines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island country in the central Windward Islands; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1979" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Vincent", + "St. Vincent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the center of the Windward Islands; the largest of the islands comprising Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kingstown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; on Saint Vincent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Polynesia", + "French Oceania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French overseas possession in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tahiti" + ], + "it": [ + "Tahiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the south Pacific; the most important island in French Polynesia; made famous by Robert Louis Stevenson and Paul Gauguin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papeete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of French Polynesia on the northwestern coast of Tahiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Society Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island group of French Polynesia in the South Pacific to the east of Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuamotu Archipelago", + "Paumotu Archipelago", + "Low Archipelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of about 80 coral islands in French Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tubuai Islands", + "Austral Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of small islands in French Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambier Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the south central Pacific; part of French Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marquesas Islands", + "Iles Marquises" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of volcanic islands in the south central Pacific; part of French Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoa", + "Samoan Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of volcanic islands in the South Pacific midway between Hawaii and Australia; its climate and scenery and Polynesian culture make it a popular tourist stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoa", + "Independent State of Samoa", + "Western Samoa", + "Samoa i Sisifo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constitutional monarchy on the western part of the islands of Samoa in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apia", + "capital of Western Samoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Western Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Samoa", + "Eastern Samoa", + "AS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States territory on the eastern part of the island of Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pago Pago", + "Pango Pango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in American Samoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Marino", + "Republic of San Marino" + ], + "it": [ + "San Marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest republic in the world; the oldest independent country in Europe (achieved independence in 301); located in the Apennines and completely surrounded by Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Marino", + "capital of San Marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and only city of San Marino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Tome and Principe", + "Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe", + "Sao Tome e Principe", + "Sao Thome e Principe", + "St. Thomas and Principe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "island nation in the South Atlantic off the west coast of Africa; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975; has enormous offshore oil reserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Tome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Sao Tome and Principe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Principe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Gulf of Guinea that is part of Sao Tome and Principe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saudi Arabia", + "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" + ], + "it": [ + "Arabia Saudita", + "Regno dell'Arabia Saudita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an absolute monarchy occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia; vast oil reserves dominate the economy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riyadh", + "capital of Saudi Arabia" + ], + "it": [ + "Riad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint capital (with Mecca) of Saudi Arabia located in the central oasis; largest city in Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mecca" + ], + "it": [ + "La Mecca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joint capital (with Riyadh) of Saudi Arabia; located in western Saudi Arabia; as the birthplace of Muhammad it is the holiest city of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medina", + "Al Madinah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Saudi Arabia; site of the tomb of Muhammad; the second most holy city of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhahran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oil town in eastern Saudi Arabia on an inlet from the Persian Gulf; in June 1996 terrorists bombed an apartment complex in Dhahran killing 19 United States soldiers and wounding more than 300 people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeddah", + "Jed'dah", + "Jiddah", + "Jidda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in western Saudi Arabia on the Red Sea; near Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Saudi Arabia to the east of Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nejd", + "Najd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a central plateau region of the Arabian Peninsula; formerly an independent sultanate until 1932 when it united with Hejaz to form the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hejaz", + "Hedjaz", + "Hijaz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coastal region of the western Arabian Peninsula bordering on the Red Sea; includes both Mecca and Medina; formerly an independent kingdom until it united with Nejd to form the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senegal", + "Republic of Senegal" + ], + "it": [ + "Senegal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northwestern Africa on the coast of the Atlantic; formerly a French colony but achieved independence in 1960" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dakar", + "capital of Senegal" + ], + "it": [ + "Dakar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and chief port and largest city of Senegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seychelles", + "Seychelles islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Seicelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of about 90 islands in the western Indian Ocean to the north of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seychelles", + "Republic of Seychelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the Seychelles islands; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1976" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria", + "capital of Seychelles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city and the capital of Seychelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Leone", + "Republic of Sierra Leone" + ], + "it": [ + "Sierra Leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in West Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1961" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freetown", + "capital of Sierra Leone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city and the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singapore", + "Singapore Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island to the south of the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singapore", + "Republic of Singapore" + ], + "it": [ + "Singapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country in southeastern Asia on the island of Singapore; achieved independence from Malaysia in 1965" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singapore", + "capital of Singapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Singapore; one of the world's biggest ports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solomons", + "Solomon Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northernmost islands are part of Papua New Guinea; the remainder form an independent state within the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solomon Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern Solomon Islands that since 1978 form an independent state in the British Commonwealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honiara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "national capital of Solomon Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somalia" + ], + "it": [ + "Somalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in extreme eastern Africa on the Somali peninsula; subject to tribal warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mogadishu", + "Mogadiscio", + "capital of Somalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Somalia; a port on the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hargeisa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Somalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somali peninsula", + "Horn of Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula of northeastern Africa (the easternmost part of Africa) comprising Somalia and Djibouti and Eritrea and parts of Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Africa", + "Republic of South Africa" + ], + "it": [ + "Sudafrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic at the southernmost part of Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1910; first European settlers were Dutch (known as Boers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pretoria", + "capital of South Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in the Transvaal; the seat of the executive branch of the government of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in southwestern South Africa; the seat of the legislative branch of the government of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johannesburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in the northeastern part of South Africa near Pretoria; commercial center for diamond and gold industries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kimberley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in central South Africa; center for diamond mining and diamond marketing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in eastern South Africa on the Indian Ocean; resort and industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Free State", + "Orange Free State" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province in central South Africa that was colonized by the Boers; named Free State in 1997" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transvaal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province of northeastern South Africa originally inhabited by Africans who spoke Bantu; colonized by the Boers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Province", + "Cape of Good Hope Province", + "Cape Colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former province of southern South Africa that was settled by the Dutch in 1652 and ceded to Great Britain in 1814; in 1994 it was split into three new provinces of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Witwatersrand", + "Rand", + "Reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rocky region in the southern Transvaal in northeastern South Africa; contains rich gold deposits and coal and manganese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape of Good Hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a province of western South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape of Good Hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point of land in southwestern South Africa (south of Cape Town)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloemfontein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seat of the supreme court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soweto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large collection of African townships to the southwest of Johannesburg in South Africa; inhabited solely by Black Africans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the medieval Russian state established by Scandinavian traders in the 9th century; the capital was first in Novgorod and then in Kiev" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soviet Union", + "Russia", + "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", + "USSR" + ], + "it": [ + "Russia", + "URSS", + "Unione Sovietica", + "Unione delle Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscovy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian principality in the 13th to 16th centuries; Moscow was the capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moscow", + "capital of the Russian Federation", + "Russian capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Mosca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central European Russia; formerly capital of both the Soviet Union and Soviet Russia; since 1991 the capital of the Russian Federation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astrakhan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Russia on the delta of the Volga River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherepovets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of east central Russia to the north of Moscow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chechnya", + "Chechenia", + "Chechen Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous republic in southwestern Russia in the northern Caucasus Mountains bordering on Georgia; declared independence from the USSR in 1991 but Russian troops invaded and continue to prosecute a relentless military campaign in the largely Muslim republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grozny", + "Groznyy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Chechnya in southwestern Russia; center of extensive oil fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaluga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of central Russia to the south of Moscow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khabarovsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrative territory in Russia on the eastern coast of Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khabarovsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the Amur River on the border of China and the capital of Khabarovsk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i83999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kursk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southwestern Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberia" + ], + "it": [ + "Siberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soviet Socialist Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the states that formerly made up the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russia", + "Russian Federation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European Russia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of Russia that is part of Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian Russia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Russia that is part of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soviet Russia", + "Russia", + "Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the largest Soviet Socialist Republic in the USSR occupying eastern Europe and northern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nizhnyi Novgorod", + "Nizhni Novgorod", + "Gorki", + "Gorky", + "Gorkiy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in the European part of Russia; birthplace of Maksim Gorky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in the European part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Petersburg", + "Leningrad", + "Peterburg", + "Petrograd", + "Saint Petersburg" + ], + "it": [ + "San Pietroburgo", + "Leningrado", + "Pietrogrado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the European part of Russia; 2nd largest Russian city; located at the head of the Gulf of Finland; former capital of Russia" + ], + "it": [ + "città situata nella Russia nord-occidentale sul Mar Baltico", + "seconda città della Russia per dimensioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murmansk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Russia on the Kola Peninsula; the largest city to the north of the Arctic Circle; an important supply line to Russia in World War I and World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nalchik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Russia in a valley of the Caucasus Mountains; an industrial center and health resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Novgorod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Russia on the Volkhov River; Russia's oldest city and an important trading center in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perm", + "Molotov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the European part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rostov", + "Rostov on Don", + "Rostov na Donu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport on the Don River near the Sea of Azov in the European part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saratov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in the European part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smolensk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Russia on the Dnieper River; scene of severe fighting in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ufa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the European part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volgograd", + "Stalingrad", + "Tsaritsyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the European part of Russia on the Volga; site of German defeat in World War II in the winter of 1942-43" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Novosibirsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the Asian part of Russia on the Ob river; largest city in Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelyabinsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the Asian part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the Asian part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vladivostok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport in the Asian part of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Novaya Zemlya", + "Nova Zembla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two islands in the Arctic Ocean belonging to Russia; site of a test center for nuclear warheads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kola Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in northwestern Russia projecting eastward between the Barents Sea and the White Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belarus", + "Republic of Belarus", + "Byelarus", + "Byelorussia", + "Belorussia", + "White Russia" + ], + "it": [ + "Bielorussia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in eastern Europe; formerly a European soviet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minsk", + "capital of Belarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Belarus and of the Commonwealth of Independent States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homyel", + "Homel", + "Gomel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "industrial city of Belarus to the southeast of Minsk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southwestern Belarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubavitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Belarus that was the center of the Chabad movement for a brief period during the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltic State", + "Baltic Republic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European countries bordering the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Estonia", + "Esthonia", + "Republic of Estonia" + ], + "it": [ + "Estonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tallinn", + "Tallin", + "capital of Estonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Gulf of Finland that is the capital and largest city of Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tartu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Estonia that was a member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region on the Baltic that is divided between northern Estonia and southern Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latvia", + "Republic of Latvia" + ], + "it": [ + "Lettonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riga", + "capital of Latvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Gulf of Riga that is the capital and largest city of Latvia; formerly a member of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liepaja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southwestern Latvia on the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daugavpils" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithuania", + "Republic of Lithuania", + "Lietuva" + ], + "it": [ + "Lituania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klaipeda", + "Memel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Lithuania on the Baltic Sea; formerly an important trading town of the Hanseatic League" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vilnius", + "Vilna", + "Vilno", + "Wilno", + "capital of Lithuania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Lithuania; located in southeastern Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaunas", + "Kovna", + "Kovno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moldova", + "Republic of Moldova", + "Moldavia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in eastern Europe; formerly a European soviet but achieved independence in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kishinev", + "Chisinau", + "capital of Moldova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Moldova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ukraine", + "Ukrayina" + ], + "it": [ + "Ucraina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in southeastern Europe; formerly a European soviet; the center of the original Russian state which came into existence in the ninth century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crimea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Ukrainian peninsula between the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colchis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a region on the Black Sea to the south of the Caucasus that was the site of an ancient country where (according to Greek mythology) Jason sought the Golden Fleece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyyiv", + "Kiev", + "capital of the Ukraine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of the Ukraine; a major manufacturing and transportation center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donetsk", + "Donetske", + "Stalino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in the Donets Basin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donets Basin", + "Donbass", + "Donbas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial region in the Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chernobyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Ukraine; site of a major disaster at a nuclear power plant (26 April 1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dneprodzerzhinsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city and industrial center in east central Ukraine on the Dnieper River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dnipropetrovsk", + "Yekaterinoslav" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in east central Ukraine on the Dnieper River; center of metallurgical industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kharkov", + "Kharkiv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Ukraine; former capital of the Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odessa", + "Odesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city of south central Ukraine on an arm of the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sebastopol", + "Sevastopol" + ], + "it": [ + "Sebastopoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Ukraine on the Black Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "città importante centro della Crimea e porto militare strategico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yalta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort city in Crimea in the southern Ukraine on the Black Sea; site of the Allied conference between Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill in February 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenia", + "Republic of Armenia", + "Hayastan" + ], + "it": [ + "Armenia", + "Repubblica Armena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in southwestern Asia; formerly an Asian soviet; modern Armenia is but a fragment of ancient Armenia which was one of the world's oldest civilizations; throughout 2500 years the Armenian people have been invaded and oppressed by their neighbors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yerevan", + "Jerevan", + "Erivan", + "capital of Armenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azerbaijan", + "Azerbaijani Republic", + "Azerbajdzhan", + "Azerbajdzhan Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Azerbaigian", + "Azerbaijan", + "Repubblica Azera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in southwestern Asia; formerly an Asian soviet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baku", + "capital of Azerbaijan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on the Caspian Sea that is the capital of Azerbaijan and an important center for oil production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iberia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient geographical region to the south of the Caucasus Mountains that corresponded approximately to the present-day Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgia", + "Sakartvelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Asia Minor on the Black Sea separated from Russia by the Caucasus mountains; formerly an Asian soviet but became independent in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tbilisi", + "Tiflis", + "capital of Georgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Georgia on the Kura river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abkhaz", + "Abkhazia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea; a strong independence movement has resulted in much instability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adzhar", + "Adzharia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an autonomous province of Georgia on the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazakhstan", + "Republic of Kazakhstan", + "Kazakstan", + "Kazakh", + "Kazak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic to the south of Russia and to the northeast of the Caspian Sea; the original Turkic-speaking inhabitants were overrun by Mongols in the 13th century; an Asian soviet from 1936 to 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astana", + "Akmola", + "capital of Kazakhstan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remote city of Kazakhstan that (ostensibly for security reasons) was made the capital in 1998" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Almaty", + "Alma-Ata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Kazakhstan and the capital until 1998" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyrgyzstan", + "Kyrgyz Republic", + "Kirghizia", + "Kirgizia", + "Kirghiz", + "Kirgiz", + "Kirghizstan", + "Kirgizstan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in west central Asia bordering on northwestern China; formerly an Asian soviet but became independent in 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bishkek", + "Biskek", + "Frunze", + "capital of Kyrgyzstan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Kyrgyzstan (known as Frunze 1926-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tajikistan", + "Republic of Tajikistan", + "Tadzhikistan", + "Tadzhik", + "Tadjik", + "Tajik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked mountainous republic in southeast central Asia to the north of Afghanistan; formerly an Asian soviet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dushanbe", + "Dusanbe", + "Dyushambe", + "Stalinabad", + "capital of Tajikistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Tajikistan; formerly Stalinabad 1926-1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkmenistan", + "Turkomen", + "Turkmen", + "Turkmenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in Asia to the east of the Caspian Sea and to the south of Kazakhstan and to the north of Iran; an Asian soviet from 1925 to 1991" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashkhabad", + "capital of Turkmenistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamchatka Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in eastern Siberia; between Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taimyr Peninsula", + "Taymyr Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in northern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uzbekistan", + "Republic of Uzbekistan", + "Uzbek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in west central Asia; formerly an Asian soviet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tashkent", + "Taskent", + "capital of Uzbek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Uzbekistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samarkand", + "Samarcand" + ], + "it": [ + "Samarcanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in southern Uzbekistan; Tamerlane's opulent capital in the 14th century" + ], + "it": [ + "città dell'Uzbekistan in Asia, capitale del regno di Tamerlano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin America" + ], + "it": [ + "America Latina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parts of North America and South America to the south of the United States where Romance languages are spoken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andorra", + "Principality of Andorra" + ], + "it": [ + "Andorra", + "Principato di Andorra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small republic in the eastern Pyrenees between Spain and France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spain", + "Kingdom of Spain", + "Espana" + ], + "it": [ + "Spagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madrid", + "capital of Spain", + "Spanish capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Madrid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city situated centrally in Spain; home of an outstanding art museum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balearic Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Baleari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archipelago in the western Mediterranean off the eastern coast of Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Majorca" + ], + "it": [ + "Maiorca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the Balearic Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canary Islands", + "Canaries" + ], + "it": [ + "Canarie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of mountainous islands in the Atlantic off the northwest coast of Africa forming Spanish provinces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barcelona" + ], + "it": [ + "Barcellona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Spain on the Mediterranean; 2nd largest Spanish city and the largest port and commercial center; has been a center for radical political beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cadiz" + ], + "it": [ + "Cadice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient port city in southwestern Spain" + ], + "it": [ + "città portuale nel Sud-Ovest della Spagna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartagena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southeastern Spain on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordoba", + "Cordova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Spain; center of Moorish culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Granada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Spain that was the capital of the Moorish kingdom until it was captured by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492; site of the Alhambra (a palace and fortress built by Moors in the Middle Ages) which is now a major tourist attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerez", + "Jerez de la Frontera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Spain that is famous for making sherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Spain at the foot of the Cantabrian Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Logrono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Spain on the Ebro River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city and resort in Andalusia in southern Spain on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oviedo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Spain near the Cantabrian Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Sebastian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Spain on the Bay of Biscay near the French border; a fashionable seaside resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sevilla", + "Seville" + ], + "it": [ + "Siviglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain" + ], + "it": [ + "città della Spagna situata nella parte sudoccidentale della penisola iberica, capoluogo della Comunità Autonoma dell'Andalusia e della provincia di Siviglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toledo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Spain on the Tagus river; famous for steel and swords since the first century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aragon" + ], + "it": [ + "Aragona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern Spain; a former kingdom that united with Castile in 1479 to form Spain (after the marriage of Ferdinand V and Isabella I)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zaragoza", + "Saragossa" + ], + "it": [ + "Saragozza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city on the Ebro River in northeastern Spain; formerly the capital of Aragon" + ], + "it": [ + "città della Spagna, capitale dell'Aragona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castile", + "Castilla" + ], + "it": [ + "Castiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalonia" + ], + "it": [ + "Catalogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galicia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region (and former kingdom) in northwestern Spain on the Atlantic and the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historical area and former kingdom in northwestern Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valencia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Spain on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenerife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish island in the Atlantic off the northwestern coast of Africa; the largest of the Canary Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibraltar", + "Rock of Gibraltar", + "Calpe" + ], + "it": [ + "Gibilterra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "location of a colony of the United Kingdom on a limestone promontory at the southern tip of Spain; strategically important because it can control the entrance of ships into the Mediterranean; one of the Pillars of Hercules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudan", + "Soudan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northern Africa to the south of the Sahara and Libyan deserts; extends from the Atlantic to the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudan", + "Republic of the Sudan", + "Soudan" + ], + "it": [ + "Sudan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom in 1956" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darfur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an impoverished region of western Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kordofan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous province of central Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khartoum", + "capital of Sudan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Sudan located at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Sudan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in Sudan on the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omdurman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of Sudan; located in the central Sudan on the White Nile opposite Khartoum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suriname", + "Republic of Suriname", + "Surinam", + "Dutch Guiana", + "Netherlands Guiana" + ], + "it": [ + "Guiana olandese", + "Suriname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northeastern South America on the Atlantic; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1975" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paramaribo", + "capital of Suriname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city and major port of Surinam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swaziland", + "Kingdom of Swaziland" + ], + "it": [ + "Swaziland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked monarchy in southeastern Africa; member of the commonwealth that achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1968" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mbabane", + "capital of Swaziland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Swaziland; located in northwestern Swaziland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Switzerland", + "Swiss Confederation", + "Suisse", + "Schweiz", + "Svizzera" + ], + "it": [ + "Confederazione Elvetica", + "Svizzera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked federal republic in central Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss canton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the cantons of Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bern", + "Berne", + "capital of Switzerland" + ], + "it": [ + "Berna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Switzerland; located in western Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basel", + "Basle", + "Bale" + ], + "it": [ + "Basilea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geneva", + "Geneve", + "Genf" + ], + "it": [ + "Ginevra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Switzerland at the western end of Lake Geneva; it is the headquarters of various international organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Interlaken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular resort town in the Alps in west central Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lausanne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Switzerland; cultural and commercial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zurich" + ], + "it": [ + "Zurigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Switzerland; located in the northern part of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syria", + "Syrian Arab Republic" + ], + "it": [ + "Siria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the biblical name for ancient Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dimash", + "Damascus", + "capital of Syria" + ], + "it": [ + "Damasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient city (widely regarded as the world's oldest) and present capital and largest city of Syria; according to the New Testament, the Apostle Paul (then known as Saul) underwent a dramatic conversion on the road to Damascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halab", + "Aleppo", + "Alep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Al Ladhiqiyah", + "Latakia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaport on the western coast of Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanzania", + "United Republic of Tanzania" + ], + "it": [ + "Tanzania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in eastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dar es Salaam", + "capital of Tanzania" + ], + "it": [ + "Dar-es-Salaam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest port city of Tanzania on the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dodoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the center of Tanzania that has been designated as the future capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanganyika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former state in East Africa; united with Zanzibar in 1964 to form Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zanzibar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa; part of the United Republic of Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mbeya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mwanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Tanzania on Lake Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Tanzania on the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serengeti", + "Serengeti Plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast plain in Tanzania to the west of the Great Rift Valley known for its wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serengeti National Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a national park in Tanzania created in 1951 to protect the wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thailand", + "Kingdom of Thailand", + "Siam" + ], + "it": [ + "Siam", + "Tailandia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country of southeastern Asia that extends southward along the Isthmus of Kra to the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangkok", + "capital of Thailand", + "Krung Thep" + ], + "it": [ + "Bangkok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city and chief port of Thailand; a leading city in southeastern Asia; noted for Buddhist architecture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tonga", + "Kingdom of Tonga", + "Friendly Islands" + ], + "it": [ + "Tonga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monarchy on a Polynesian archipelago in the South Pacific; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1970" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunisia", + "Republic of Tunisia" + ], + "it": [ + "Tunisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean coast; achieved independence from France in 1956" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunis", + "capital of Tunisia" + ], + "it": [ + "Tunisi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and principal port of Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ariana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ehadhamen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "city in Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gafsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sfax", + "Safaqis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest city in Tunisia; located in eastern Tunisia near a phosphate region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sousse", + "Susa", + "Susah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in eastern Tunisia on the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottoman Empire", + "Turkish Empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish sultanate of southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa and southeastern Europe; created by the Ottoman Turks in the 13th century and lasted until the end of World War I; although initially small it expanded until it superseded the Byzantine Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurdistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive geographical region in the Middle East to the south of the Caucasus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi Kurdistan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of Kurdistan that is in northwestern Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkey", + "Republic of Turkey" + ], + "it": [ + "Turchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Eurasian republic in Asia Minor and the Balkans; on the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, the Young Turks, led by Kemal Ataturk, established a republic in 1923" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abydos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek colony on the Asiatic side of the Dardanelles; scene of the legend of Hero and Leander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adana", + "Seyhan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Turkey on the Seyhan River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ankara", + "Turkish capital", + "capital of Turkey", + "Angora" + ], + "it": [ + "Ankara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Turkey; located in west-central Turkey; it was formerly known as Angora and is the home of Angora goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antalya", + "Adalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southwestern Turkey on the Gulf of Antalya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antioch", + "Antakya", + "Antakiya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Turkey; ancient commercial center and capital of Syria; an early center of Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chalcedon", + "Kadikoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former town on the Bosporus (now part of Istanbul); site of the Council of Chalcedon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dardanelles", + "Canakkale Bogazi", + "Hellespont" + ], + "it": [ + "Dardanelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait between the Aegean and the Sea of Marmara that separates European Turkey from Asian Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halicarnassus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city on the southwestern coast of Asia Minor in what is now Turkey; site of the mausoleum at Halicarnassus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Istanbul", + "Stambul", + "Stamboul", + "Constantinople" + ], + "it": [ + "Istanbul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city and former capital of Turkey; rebuilt on the site of ancient Byzantium by Constantine I in the fourth century; renamed Constantinople by Constantine who made it the capital of the Byzantine Empire; now the seat of the Eastern Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bursa", + "Brusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Izmir", + "Smyrna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in western Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pergamum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city located in the western part of what is now modern Turkey; the technique of preparing sheepskins as parchment was developed here" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek city located in the western part of what is now modern Turkey; as the capital of Lydia it was the cultural center of Asia Minor; destroyed by Tamerlane in 1402" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "region of western Asia Minor colonized by ancient Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uganda", + "Republic of Uganda" + ], + "it": [ + "Uganda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1962" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buganda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of Uganda and site of a former Bantu kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Entebbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Uganda on Lake Victoria; site of an international airport (where in 1976 Israeli commandos rescued hostages held aboard a plane by Palestinian hijackers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jinja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Uganda on the north shore of Lake Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kampala", + "capital of Uganda" + ], + "it": [ + "Kampala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Uganda on the north shore of Lake Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Uganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United Arab Emirates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federation of seven Arab emirates on the eastern Arabian peninsula; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1971; rich in oil reserves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abu Dhabi", + "United Arab Emirates's capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Abu Dhabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sheikhdom of eastern Arabia and capital of the United Arab Emirates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dubai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city in the United Arab Emirates on the Persian Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States", + "United States of America", + "America", + "the States", + "US", + "U.S.", + "USA", + "U.S.A." + ], + "it": [ + "America", + "Stati Uniti", + "Stati Uniti d'America", + "U.S.A." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eastern seaboard of the United States (especially the strip between Boston and Washington D.C.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the western seaboard of the United States from Washington to southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 13 British colonies that formed the original states of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New England" + ], + "it": [ + "Nuova Inghilterra", + "New England" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of northeastern United States comprising Maine and New Hampshire and Vermont and Massachusetts and Rhode Island and Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mid-Atlantic states" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of the eastern United States comprising New York and New Jersey and Pennsylvania and Delaware and Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of the United States comprising states bordering the Gulf of Mexico; Alabama and Florida and Louisiana and Mississippi and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the southern states in which slavery was legal prior to the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any state prohibiting slavery prior to the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confederacy", + "Confederate States", + "Confederate States of America", + "South", + "Dixie", + "Dixieland" + ], + "it": [ + "Sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South" + ], + "it": [ + "Sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deep South" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southeastern region of the United States: South Carolina and Georgia and Alabama and Mississippi and Louisiana; prior to the American Civil War all these states produced cotton and permitted slavery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old South" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the South of the United States before the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunbelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "states in the south and southwest that have a warm climate and tend to be politically conservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tidewater", + "Tidewater region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the coastal plain of the South: eastern parts of Virginia and North Carolina and South Carolina and Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piedmont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the plateau between the coastal plain and the Appalachian Mountains: parts of Virginia and North and South Carolina and Georgia and Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Union", + "North" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the United States (especially the northern states during the American Civil War)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North" + ], + "it": [ + "Nord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina", + "Carolinas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of the states of North Dakota and South Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alabama", + "Heart of Dixie", + "Camellia State", + "AL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the southeastern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgomery", + "capital of Alabama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of Alabama on the Mobile River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Birmingham", + "Pittsburgh of the South" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Alabama; located in northeastern Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decatur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Alabama on the Tennessee River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadsden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial town in north central Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntsville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Alabama; center for space research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southwestern Alabama on Mobile Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Alabama on the Alabama river; in 1965 it was the center of a drive to register Black voters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscaloosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in west central Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuskegee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska", + "Last Frontier", + "AK" + ], + "it": [ + "Alaska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northwestern North America; the 49th state admitted to the union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juneau", + "capital of Alaska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anchorage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Alaska on the southern coast of the Seward Peninsula; an important center of an Alaskan gold rush at the beginning of the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Alaska that was the capital of Russian America and served as the capital of Alaska from 1867 until 1906" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skagway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Alaska at the northern end of the Inside Passage; a gateway to the Klondike during the Alaskan gold rush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valdez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port on Alaska's southern coast from which oil is shipped to markets around the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seward Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in western Alaska that projects westward into the Bering Sea just below the Arctic Circle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander Archipelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands off southeastern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Admiralty Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Alaskan island in the Alexander Archipelago near Juneau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona", + "Grand Canyon State", + "AZ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southwestern United States; site of the Grand Canyon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flagstaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Arizona; site of an important observatory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Arizona just to the east of Phoenix; originally a suburb of Phoenix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nogales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Arizona on the Mexican border opposite Nogales, Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenix", + "capital of Arizona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital and largest city located in south central Arizona; situated in a former desert that has become a prosperous agricultural area thanks to irrigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prescott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sun City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential suburb of Phoenix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tucson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Arizona ringed by mountain ranges; long known as a winter and health resort but the population shift from industrial states to the Sunbelt resulted in rapid growth late in the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Arizona on the Colorado River and the California border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arkansas", + "Land of Opportunity", + "AR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in south central United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fayetteville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in northwestern Arkansas in the Ozarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Arkansas on the Arkansas River at the Oklahoma border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hot Springs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Arkansas; a health resort noted for thermal springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonesboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast Arkansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Rock", + "capital of Arkansas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital and largest city of Arkansas in the central part of Arkansas on the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pine Bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast central Arkansas on the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texarkana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Arkansas on the Texas border adjacent to Texarkana, Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California", + "Golden State", + "CA", + "Calif." + ], + "it": [ + "California" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California (southeast of Los Angeles); site of Disneyland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Disneyland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amusement park in Anaheim created in 1955 by Walt Disney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bakersfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central California at the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barstow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berkeley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in California on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay; site of the University of California at Berkeley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beverly Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern California surrounded by Los Angeles; home of many Hollywood actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chula Vista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in southern California (south of San Diego) near the Mexican border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eureka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest California on an arm of the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fresno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central California in the San Joaquin Valley; center of an important agricultural area and gateway to the Sierra Nevada Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Long Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California located on 8.5 miles of Pacific beachfront; was a resort until oil was discovered in 1921" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Los Angeles", + "City of the Angels" + ], + "it": [ + "Los Angeles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California; motion picture capital of the world; most populous city of California and second largest in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hollywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of Los Angeles long associated with the American film industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monterey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western California to the south of San Francisco on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oakland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western California on San Francisco Bay opposite San Francisco; primarily and industrial urban center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palo Alto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasadena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern California to the east of Los Angeles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Redding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central California on the Sacramento River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riverside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacramento", + "capital of California" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central California 75 miles to the northeast of San Francisco on the Sacramento River; capital of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Bernardino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California to the east of Los Angeles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Diego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picturesque city of southern California on San Diego Bay near the Mexican border; site of an important naval base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Francisco" + ], + "it": [ + "San Francisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in western California near the Golden Gate that is one of the major industrial and transportation centers; it has one of the world's finest harbors; site of the Golden Gate Bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "città statunitense nello stato della California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nob Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashionable neighborhood in San Francisco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Jose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western California located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay to the south of San Francisco; a center for computer and electronics industries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Mateo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in California to the south of San Francisco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Pablo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western California to the north of Oakland on an arm of San Francisco Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern California to the east of Long Beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Barbara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern California on the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Clara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of west central California; residential area with light industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Catalina", + "Catalina Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island resort in the Pacific off the southwestern coast of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Cruz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western California on Monterey Bay; a tourist center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado", + "Centennial State", + "CO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in west central United States in the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Colorado; Rocky Mountains resort center and university town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado Springs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central Colorado on the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains; popular tourist center and site of the United States Air Force Academy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denver", + "Mile-High City", + "capital of Colorado" + ], + "it": [ + "Denver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital and largest city of Colorado; located in central Colorado on the South Platte river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pueblo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Colorado to the south of Colorado Springs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connecticut", + "Nutmeg State", + "Constitution State", + "CT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New England state; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connecticut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bridgeport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southwestern Connecticut on Long Island Sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farmington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a residential town in central Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hartford", + "capital of Connecticut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of Connecticut; located in central Connecticut on the Connecticut river; a center of the insurance business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Haven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Connecticut; site of Yale University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New London" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Connecticut near Long Island Sound; an important whaling center in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waterbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware", + "Diamond State", + "First State", + "DE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dover", + "capital of Delaware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the state of Delaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilmington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Delaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "District of Columbia", + "D.C.", + "DC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the district occupied entirely by the city of Washington; chosen by George Washington as the site of the capital of the United States and created out of land ceded by Maryland and Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington", + "Washington D.C.", + "American capital", + "capital of the United States" + ], + "it": [ + "Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potomac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term sometimes used to refer to Washington, D.C." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capitol Hill", + "the Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill in Washington, D.C., where the Capitol Building sits and Congress meets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgetown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of northwestern Washington, D.C." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida", + "Sunshine State", + "Everglade State", + "FL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daytona Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort town in northeast Florida on the Atlantic coast; hard white beaches have been used for automobile speed trials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Lauderdale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeast Florida on the Atlantic coast to the north of Miami; a favorite place for college students to go on their spring vacations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Myers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gainesville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in north central Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacksonville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florida's largest city; a port and important commercial center in northeastern Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Key West" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on the westernmost of the Florida keys in the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melbourne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort town in east central Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city and resort in southeastern Florida on Biscayne Bay; the best known city in Florida; a haven for retirees and a refuge for Cubans fleeing Castro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miami Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Florida on an island between Biscayne Bay and the Atlantic Ocean; known for fashionable resort hotels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orlando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Florida; site of Walt Disney World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palm Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort town in southeast Florida on an island on the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panama City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort and fishing town on the Gulf of Mexico in northwest Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pensacola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in extreme northwest Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarasota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Florida on the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Augustine", + "Saint Augustine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort city in northeastern Florida; the oldest city in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Petersburg", + "Saint Petersburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Florida on Tampa Bay; a popular winter resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tallahassee", + "capital of Florida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Florida; located in northern Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort city in western Florida; located on Tampa Bay on the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Palm Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Florida on the mainland opposite Palm Beach; founded as a commercial center for Palm Beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walt Disney World" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large amusement park established in 1971 to the southwest of Orlando" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgia", + "Empire State of the South", + "Peach State", + "GA" + ], + "it": [ + "Georgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Georgia; processing center for peanuts and pecans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlanta", + "capital of Georgia" + ], + "it": [ + "Atlanta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital and largest city of Georgia; chief commercial center of the southeastern United States; was plundered and burned by Sherman's army during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in northeast Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Georgia north-northwest of Savannah; noted for golf tournaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunswick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Georgia near the Atlantic coast; a port of entry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Georgia on the Chattahoochee River; industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Georgia to the southeast of Atlanta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in northern Mississippi; home of William Faulkner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savannah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in eastern Georgia near the mouth of the Savannah river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valdosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Georgia near the Florida border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vidalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Georgia; the origin of Vidalia onions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaii", + "Hawai'i", + "Aloha State", + "HI" + ], + "it": [ + "Hawaii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the United States in the central Pacific on the Hawaiian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Hawaii on the island of Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honolulu", + "capital of Hawaii", + "Hawaiian capital" + ], + "it": [ + "Honolulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Hawaii; located on a large bay on the island of Oahu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waikiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-known beach and resort area on Oahu Island to the southeast of Honolulu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian Islands", + "Sandwich Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of volcanic and coral islands in the central Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaii", + "Hawaii Island" + ], + "it": [ + "Hawaii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest and southernmost of the Hawaii islands; has several volcanic peaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kahoolawe", + "Kahoolawe Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of south-central Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kauai", + "Kauai Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of Hawaii to the northwest of Oahu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lanai", + "Lanai Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of central Hawaii; a pineapple-growing area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maui", + "Maui Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest of the Hawaiian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molokai", + "Molokai Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of central Hawaii (between Maui and Oahu)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nihau", + "Nihau Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most northwestern Hawaiian island (beyond Kauai)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oahu", + "Oahu Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island of central Hawaii (between Molokai and Kauai); the chief island of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pearl Harbor" + ], + "it": [ + "Pearl Harbor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harbor on Oahu to the west of Honolulu; location of a United States naval base that was attacked by the Japanese on 7 Dec 1941" + ], + "it": [ + "base navale americana teatro di uno storico attacco giapponese nella seconda guerra mondiale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midway Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atoll in the Hawaiian Islands some 1300 miles to the northwest of Honolulu; site of an important United States naval base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Idaho", + "Gem State", + "ID" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boise", + "capital of Idaho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coeur d'Alene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in the northern panhandle of Idaho; popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Idaho Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Idaho on the Snake River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewiston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nampa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pocatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in southeastern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sun Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winter sports resort in south central Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twin Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on the Snake River in south central Idaho near the Twin Falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illinois", + "Prairie State", + "Land of Lincoln", + "IL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state in north-central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cairo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town at the southern tip of Illinois at the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carbondale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Champaign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in east central Illinois adjoining Urbana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chicago", + "Windy City" + ], + "it": [ + "Chicago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decatur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Illinois; Abraham Lincoln practiced law here" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Saint Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Illinois on the Mississippi across from Saint Louis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest Illinois on the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Illinois on the Illinois River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rockford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rock Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest Illinois on the Mississippi River; site of a Union prison during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Springfield", + "capital of Illinois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urbana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in east central Illinois adjoining Champaign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indiana", + "Hoosier State", + "IN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in midwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloomington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in south central Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evansville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Indiana on the Ohio River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Wayne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwest Indiana on Lake Michigan; steel production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indianapolis", + "capital of Indiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Indiana; a major commercial center in the country's heartland; site of an annual 500-mile automobile race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lafayette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in west central Indiana on the Wabash River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muncie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in east central Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iowa", + "Hawkeye State", + "IA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in midwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Council Bluffs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Iowa on the Missouri River across from Omaha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davenport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Iowa on the Mississippi River across from Moline and Rock Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cedar Rapids" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in east central Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Des Moines", + "capital of Iowa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city in Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dubuque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Iowa on the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottumwa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sioux City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Iowa where the Big Sioux River joins the Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansas", + "Sunflower State", + "KS" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in midwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dodge City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of southwestern Kansas on the Arkansas River; formerly a rowdy cow town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Kansas to the west of Topeka; home of Dwight D. Eisenhower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hays" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansas City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of northeast Kansas on the Missouri River adjacent to Kansas City, Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Kansas on the Kansas River; scene of raids by John Brown in 1856" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Topeka", + "capital of Kansas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the state of Kansas; located in eastern Kansas on the Kansas river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wichita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Kansas; located in southern Kansas on the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentucky", + "Bluegrass State", + "KY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowling Green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankfort", + "capital of Kentucky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lexington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Kentucky; noted for raising thoroughbred horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louisville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Kentucky; located in north central Kentucky on the Ohio river; site of the Kentucky Derby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Owensboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Kentucky on the Ohio River; a tobacco market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paducah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Kentucky on the Ohio River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bluegrass", + "Bluegrass Country", + "Bluegrass Region" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area in central Kentucky noted for it bluegrass and thoroughbred horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louisiana Purchase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "territory in the western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million; extends from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louisiana", + "Pelican State", + "LA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Louisiana on the Red River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baton Rouge", + "capital of Louisiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Louisiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lafayette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central Louisiana; settled by Acadians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Louisiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Louisiana to the south of Baton Rouge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Orleans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port and largest city in Louisiana; located in southeastern Louisiana near the mouth of the Mississippi river; a major center for offshore drilling for oil in the Gulf of Mexico; jazz originated here among black musicians in the late 19th century; Mardi Gras is celebrated here each year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shreveport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwest Louisiana on the Red River near the Texas border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maine", + "Pine Tree State", + "ME" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augusta", + "capital of Maine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the state of Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in east central Maine on the Penobscot River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunswick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in southwestern Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewiston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Maine to the north of Portland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in east central Maine on the Penobscot River to the north of Bangor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Maine in the southwestern corner of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maryland", + "Old Line State", + "Free State", + "MD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maryland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annapolis", + "capital of Maryland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital of Maryland; site of the United States Naval Academy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltimore" + ], + "it": [ + "Baltimora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Maryland; a major seaport and industrial center" + ], + "it": [ + "città degli Stati Uniti, nel Maryland, importante porto e centro industriale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Meade", + "Fort George Gordon Meade", + "Fort George G. Meade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States Army base in Maryland; headquarters of the National Security Agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hagerstown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachusetts", + "Bay State", + "Old Colony", + "MA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachusetts", + "Massachusetts Bay Colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston", + "Hub of the Universe", + "Bean Town", + "Beantown", + "capital of Massachusetts" + ], + "it": [ + "Boston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boston Harbor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seaport at Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beacon Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashionable section of Boston; site of the Massachusetts capital building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Breed's Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill in Charlestown that was the site of the battle of Bunker Hill in 1775" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charlestown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former town and present-day neighborhood of Boston; settled in 1629" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in Massachusetts just to the north of Boston; site of Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Concord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gloucester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Massachusetts on Cape Ann to the northeast of Boston; the harbor has been a fishing center for centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lexington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "town in northeastern Massachusetts; residential suburb of Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pittsfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Massachusetts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Springfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city and manufacturing center in southwestern Massachusetts on the Connecticut River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Worcester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial and university city in central Massachusetts to the west of Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Ann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Massachusetts peninsula to the north of Boston extending into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Cod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Massachusetts peninsula to the south of Boston extending into the Atlantic; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Cod Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canal connecting Cape Cod Bay with Buzzards Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martha's Vineyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island summer resort off of Cape Cod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nantucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island resort off Cape Cod; formerly a center of the whaling industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plymouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plymouth Colony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colony formed by the Pilgrims when they arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620; it was absorbed into the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1691" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plymouth Rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boulder in Plymouth supposed to be where the Pilgrims disembarked from the Mayflower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Massachusetts; site of the witchcraft trials in 1692" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williamstown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Massachusetts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michigan", + "Wolverine State", + "Great Lakes State", + "MI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Michigan on an arm of Lake Huron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ann Arbor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Michigan near Detroit; site of the University of Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Detroit", + "Motor City", + "Motown" + ], + "it": [ + "Detroit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Michigan and a major Great Lakes port; center of the United States automobile industry; located in southeastern Michigan on the Detroit river across from Windsor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeast central Michigan near Detroit; automobile manufacturing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Rapids" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Michigan; noted for manufacturing furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houghton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest Michigan on the Upper Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalamazoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lansing", + "capital of Michigan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Michigan; located in southern Michigan on the Grand River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marquette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on Lake Superior on the Upper Peninsula in northwest Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of southeast Michigan on Lake Erie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saginaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in east central Michigan on an arm of Lake Huron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Traverse City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Michigan on an arm of Lake Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minnesota", + "Gopher State", + "North Star State", + "MN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bemidji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Minnesota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duluth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeast Minnesota on Lake Superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hibbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Minnesota in the Mesabi Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mankato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Minnesota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minneapolis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Minnesota; located in southeastern Minnesota on the Mississippi river; noted for flour mills; one of the Twin Cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rochester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Minnesota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Cloud", + "St. Cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Minnesota on the Mississippi River; granite quarries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Paul", + "St. Paul", + "capital of Minnesota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Minnesota; located in southeastern Minnesota on the Mississippi river adjacent to Minneapolis; one of the Twin Cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twin Cities" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nickname for Saint Paul and Minneapolis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Minnesota in the heart of the Mesabi Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mississippi", + "Magnolia State", + "MS" + ], + "it": [ + "Mississippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the Deep South on the gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate States during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biloxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old town in southern Mississippi on the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Mississippi near the border with Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Mississippi on the Mississippi River to the north of Vicksburg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hattiesburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "capital of Mississippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Mississippi on the Pearl River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natchez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Mississippi on the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vicksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Mississippi on bluffs above the Mississippi River to the west of Jackson; focus of an important campaign during the American Civil War as the Union fought to control the Mississippi River and so to cut the Confederacy into two halves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri", + "Show Me State", + "MO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state in central United States; a border state during the American Civil War, Missouri was admitted to the Confederacy without actually seceding from the Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Girardeau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in central Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hannibal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast Missouri on the Mississippi River; boyhood home of Mark Twain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Independence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Missouri; the beginning of the Santa Fe Trail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jefferson City", + "capital of Missouri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Missouri; located in central Missouri on the Missouri river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansas City" + ], + "it": [ + "Kansas City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Missouri situated at the confluence of the Kansas River and the Missouri River; adjacent to Kansas City, Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poplar Bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Joseph", + "St. Joseph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest Missouri on the Missouri River; in the 19th century it became the eastern terminus of the pony express" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Louis", + "St. Louis", + "Gateway to the West" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Missouri; a busy river port on the Mississippi River near its confluence with the Missouri River; was an important staging area for wagon trains westward in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sedalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in east central Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Springfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southwestern Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montana", + "Treasure State", + "MT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northwestern United States on the Canadian border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bozeman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Montana; gateway to Yellowstone National Park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Billings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Montana; located in southern Montana on the Yellowstone river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Butte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Montana; center for mining copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Montana on the Missouri river; a center of extensive hydroelectric power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helena", + "capital of Montana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Montana; located in western Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missoula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in western Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nebraska", + "Cornhusker State", + "NE" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state on the Great Plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincoln", + "capital of Nebraska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Nebraska; located in southeastern Nebraska; site of the University of Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Platte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Nebraska on the Platte River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omaha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Nebraska; located in eastern Nebraska on the Missouri river; a major transportation center of the Midwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nevada", + "Silver State", + "Battle Born State", + "Sagebrush State", + "NV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carson City", + "capital of Nevada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Nevada; located in western Nevada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Las Vegas" + ], + "it": [ + "Las Vegas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in Nevada; located in southeastern Nevada; originally settled by Mormons but is now famous for entertainment and gambling and general excess" + ], + "it": [ + "città statunitense, celebre per le sue case da gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Nevada at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains; known for gambling casinos and easy divorce and remarriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Hampshire", + "Granite State", + "NH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Hampshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Concord", + "capital of New Hampshire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in New Hampshire; located in southeastern New Hampshire on the Merrimack river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portsmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port town in southeastern New Hampshire on the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Jersey", + "Jersey", + "Garden State", + "NJ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mid-Atlantic state on the Atlantic; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Jersey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on the Atlantic shore in southeastern New Jersey; a resort and gambling center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trenton", + "capital of New Jersey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of New Jersey; located in western New Jersey on the Delaware river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern New Jersey on the Delaware River near Philadelphia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jersey City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern New Jersey (opposite Manhattan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morristown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern New Jersey where the Continental Army spent two winters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in New Jersey; located in northeastern New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Brunswick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in central New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paterson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of northeastern New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Princeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in central New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape May" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape of southeast New Jersey extending into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberty Island", + "Bedloe's Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in New York Bay to the southwest of Manhattan where the Statue of Liberty stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Mexico", + "Land of Enchantment", + "NM" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southwestern United States on the Mexican border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albuquerque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in New Mexico; located in central New Mexico on the Rio Grande river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carlsbad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern New Mexico on the Pecos River near the Mexican border; potash deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farmington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern New Mexico near the Arizona border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Las Cruces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern New Mexico on the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Los Alamos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central New Mexico; in 1942 it was chosen as a nuclear research site where the first atomic bombs were produced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roswell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Fe", + "capital of New Mexico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of New Mexico; located in north central New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silver City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist colony in northern New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manhattan Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island at the north end of New York Bay where the borough of Manhattan is located" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Amsterdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island; annexed by the English in 1664 and renamed New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Netherland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dutch colony in North America along the Hudson and lower Delaware rivers although the colony centered in New Amsterdam; annexed by the English in 1664" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York", + "New York State", + "Empire State", + "NY" + ], + "it": [ + "New York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albany", + "capital of New York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital of New York; located in eastern New York State on the west bank of the Hudson river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buffalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city on Lake Erie in western New York (near Niagara Falls)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooperstown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small town in east central New York; site of the National Baseball Hall of Fame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erie Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial waterway connecting the Hudson river at Albany with Lake Erie at Buffalo; built in the 19th century; now part of the New York State Barge Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York State Barge Canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of canals crossing New York State and connecting the Great Lakes with the Hudson River and Lake Champlain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York", + "New York City", + "Greater New York" + ], + "it": [ + "New York", + "Nuova York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brooklyn" + ], + "it": [ + "Brooklyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coney Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a section of Brooklyn on the Atlantic; known as an amusement center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ellis Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in New York Bay that was formerly the principal immigration station for the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manhattan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the five boroughs of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fifth Avenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avenue in Manhattan that separates the east side of Manhattan from the west side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seventh Avenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avenue in Manhattan that runs north and south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large park in Manhattan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harlem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district of Manhattan; now largely a Black ghetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hell's Kitchen", + "Hell's Half Acre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district in Manhattan formerly noted for its slums and vice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "SoHo", + "South of Houston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a district in southwestern Manhattan noted for its shops and restaurants and galleries and artist's lofts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ithaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college town in central New York on Lake Cayuga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in Manhattan noted for cheap hotels frequented by homeless derelicts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Broadway", + "Great White Way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in Manhattan that passes through Times Square; famous for its theaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Park Avenue", + "Park Ave." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashionable residential street in New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "off-Broadway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-budget theaters located outside the Broadway area in Manhattan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Times Square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the area of Manhattan around the intersection of Broadway and Seventh Avenue; heart of the New York theater district; site of annual celebration of New Year's" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wall Street", + "Wall St." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street in lower Manhattan where the New York Stock Exchange is located; symbol of American finance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenwich Village", + "Village" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mainly residential district of Manhattan; `the Village' became a home for many writers and artists in the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Staten Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a borough of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tidal strait separating Manhattan and the Bronx from Queens and Brooklyn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harlem River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel separating Manhattan from the Bronx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verrazano Narrows" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow channel of water separating Staten Island and Brooklyn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Army installation on the west bank of Hudson river to the north of New York City; site of United States Military Academy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Long Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island in southeastern New York; Brooklyn and Queens are on its western end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elmont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on Long Island in New York; site of Belmont Park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennedy", + "Kennedy Interrnational", + "Kennedy International Airport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large airport on Long Island to the east of New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Binghamton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in south central New York near the border with Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kingston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on the Hudson River in New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newburgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town on the Hudson River in New York; in 1782 and 1783 it was George Washington's headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niagara Falls" + ], + "it": [ + "Niagara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western New York State at the falls of the Niagara river; tourist attraction and honeymoon resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rochester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western New York; a center of the photographic equipment industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schenectady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of eastern New York on the Mohawk river; it prospered after the opening of the Erie Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syracuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saratoga Springs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern New York State famed for its spa and its horse racing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watertown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borscht circuit", + "borsht circuit", + "borscht belt", + "borsht belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(informal) a resort area in the Catskill Mountains of New York that was patronized primarily by Jewish guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Carolina", + "Old North State", + "Tar Heel State", + "NC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in southeastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Carolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Fear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape in southeastern North Carolina extending into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Flattery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape of northwestern Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Froward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape on the Strait of Magellan in southern Chile; the most southern point on the mainland of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Hatteras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promontory on Hatteras Island off the Atlantic coast of North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hatteras Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrier island running parallel to the North Carolina shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raleigh", + "capital of North Carolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of North Carolina; located in the east central part of the North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asheville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western North Carolina in the Blue Ridge Mountains to the west of Charlotte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chapel Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central North Carolina; site of the University of North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charlotte", + "Queen City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in North Carolina; located in south central North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of north central North Carolina; site of Duke University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fayetteville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldsboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town that is a major tobacco center in eastern North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greensboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of north central North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern North Carolina; tobacco market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilmington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern North Carolina on the Cape Fear River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winston-Salem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of north central North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Dakota", + "Peace Garden State", + "ND" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state of north central United States bordering on Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bismarck", + "capital of North Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of North Dakota; located in south central North Dakota overlooking the Missouri river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in North Dakota; located in eastern North Dakota on the Red river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohio", + "Buckeye State", + "OH" + ], + "it": [ + "Ohio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Ohio; the heart of the United States rubber industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Ohio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleveland" + ], + "it": [ + "Cleveland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Ohio; located in northeastern Ohio on Lake Erie; a major Great Lakes port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cincinnati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Ohio on the Ohio river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbus", + "capital of Ohio" + ], + "it": [ + "Columbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dayton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwest Ohio; manufacturing center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mansfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Ohio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toledo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northwestern Ohio on Lake Erie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Youngstown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeast Ohio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oklahoma", + "Sooner State", + "OK" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in south central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartlesville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McAlester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muskogee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Oklahoma on the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oklahoma City", + "capital of Oklahoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city of Oklahoma; the economy is based on oil and livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major city of northeastern Oklahoma on the Arkansas river; once known as the oil capital of the world and still heavily involved in the oil and gas industries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon", + "Beaver State", + "OR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Oregon at the eastern foot of the Cascade Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eugene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Oregon on the Willamette River; site of a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klamath Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Oregon near the California border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Oregon; a summer resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freshwater port and largest city in Oregon; located in northwestern Oregon on the Willamette River which divides the city into east and west sections; renowned for its beautiful natural setting among the mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salem", + "capital of Oregon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Oregon in the northwestern part of the state on the Willamette River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennsylvania", + "Keystone State", + "PA" + ], + "it": [ + "Pennsylvania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennsylvania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allentown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Pennsylvania; an industrial and commercial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Altoona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bethlehem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River to the northwest of Philadelphia; an important center for steel production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city on Lake Erie in northwestern Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gettysburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small town in southern Pennsylvania; site of a national cemetery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrisburg", + "capital of Pennsylvania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Pennsylvania; located in southern part of state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hershey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial town to the east of Harrisburg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Pennsylvania on the Delaware river (an industrial suburb of Philadelphia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philadelphia", + "City of Brotherly Love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Pennsylvania; located in the southeastern part of the state on the Delaware river; site of Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed; site of the University of Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pittsburgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Pennsylvania where the confluence of the Allegheny River and Monongahela River forms the Ohio River; long an important urban industrial area; site of Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scranton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city of northeastern Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhode Island", + "Little Rhody", + "Ocean State", + "RI" + ], + "it": [ + "Rhode Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies; the smallest state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhode Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Providence", + "capital of Rhode Island" + ], + "it": [ + "Providence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Rhode Island; located in northeastern Rhode Island on Narragansett Bay; site of Brown University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resort city in southeastern Rhode Island; known for the summer homes of millionaires; important yachting center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Carolina", + "Palmetto State", + "SC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the Deep South; one of the original 13 colonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Carolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia", + "capital of South Carolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital and largest city in South Carolina; located in central South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charleston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast South Carolina; transportation center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest South Carolina in the Piedmont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Dakota", + "Coyote State", + "Mount Rushmore State", + "SD" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in north central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern South Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pierre", + "capital of South Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of South Dakota; located in central South Dakota on the Missouri river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rapid City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern South Dakota in the eastern part of the Black Hills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sioux Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city in South Dakota; located in southeastern South Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountains in western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tennessee", + "Volunteer State", + "TN" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in east central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chattanooga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnson City" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knoxville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Tennessee on the Tennessee River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Memphis" + ], + "it": [ + "Memphis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city of Tennessee; located in southwestern Tennessee on bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nashville", + "capital of Tennessee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Tennessee; located in the north central part of the state on the Cumberland River; known for country music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas", + "Lone-Star State", + "TX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abilene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amarillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the northern panhandle of Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arlington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern Texas between Dallas and Fort Worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austin", + "capital of Texas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital of Texas on the Colorado River; site of the University of Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaumont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of southeastern Texas near Houston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brownsville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Texas on the Rio Grande near its mouth into the Gulf of Mexico; has a channel that accommodates oceangoing ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of east central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corpus Christi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Texas on an arm of the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dallas" + ], + "it": [ + "Dallas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Del Rio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwest Texas on the Rio Grande to the west of San Antonio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Paso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Texas on the Mexican border; located on the northern bank of the Rio Grande across from the Mexican city of Juarez" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fort Worth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Texas (just to the west of Dallas); a major industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galveston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Texas on Galveston Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galveston Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island at the entrance of Galveston Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Texas (suburb of Dallas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Texas; located in southeastern Texas near the Gulf of Mexico; site of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laredo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern Texas on the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubbock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwest Texas to the south of Amarillo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lufkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McAllen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Texas on the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in western Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northeastern Texas (suburb of Dallas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Angelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Texas; formerly a notorious frontier town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Antonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of south central Texas; site of the Alamo; site of several military bases and a popular haven for vacationers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Texas near the Oklahoma border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texarkana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast Texas adjacent to Texarkana, Arkansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeast Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeast Texas to the southeast of San Antonio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in east central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wichita Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Texas near the Oklahoma border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utah", + "Beehive State", + "Mormon State", + "UT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the western United States; settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ogden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northern Utah settled by Mormons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Provo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Utah settled by Mormons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salt Lake City", + "capital of Utah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Utah; located near the Great Salt Lake in north central Utah; world capital of the Mormon Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vermont", + "Green Mountain State", + "VT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montpelier", + "capital of Vermont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Vermont; located in north central Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bennington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brattleboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Vermont on the Connecticut River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burlington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Vermont; located in northwestern Vermont on Lake Champlain; site of the University of Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia", + "Old Dominion", + "Old Dominion State", + "VA" + ], + "it": [ + "Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the British colonies that formed the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richmond", + "capital of Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blacksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in southwestern Virginia (west of Roanoke) in the Allegheny Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamestown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former village on the James River in Virginia to the north of Norfolk; site of the first permanent English settlement in America in 1607" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newport News" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Virginia at the mouth of the James River off Hampton Roads; large shipyards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norfolk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "port city located in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay; headquarters of the Atlantic fleet of the United States Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lynchburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in central Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portsmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River opposite Norfolk; naval base; shipyards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roanoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southwestern Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia Beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest city in Virginia; long overshadowed by Norfolk but growing rapidly since 1970; with 28 miles of public beaches tourism is a major factor in the economy; site of three United States Navy bases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bull Run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creek in northeastern Virginia where two battles were fought in the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chancellorsville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in northeastern Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fredericksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northeastern Virginia on the Rappahannock River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petersburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spotsylvania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a village in northeastern Virginia where battles were fought during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yorktown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historic village in southeastern Virginia to the north of Newport News; site of the last battle of the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Vernon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the former residence of George Washington in northeastern Virginia overlooking the Potomac river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington", + "Evergreen State", + "WA" + ], + "it": [ + "Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aberdeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellingham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwestern Washington on a bay near the Canadian border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennewick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southern Washington on the Columbia River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympia", + "capital of Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Washington; located in western Washington on Puget Sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major port of entry and the largest city in Washington; located in west central Washington on the protected waters of Puget Sound with the snow-capped peaks of the Cascade Range and Mount Ranier visible to the south and east; an aerospace and computer center; site of the University of Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spokane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in eastern Washington near the Idaho border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tacoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in west central Washington on an arm of Puget Sound to the south of Seattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vancouver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southwestern Washington on the Columbia River across from Portland, Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walla Walla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Washington near the Oregon border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yakima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in south central Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Virginia", + "Mountain State", + "WV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in east central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beckley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southern West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charleston", + "capital of West Virginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state capital of West Virginia in the central part of the state on the Kanawha river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clarksburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fayetteville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central West Virginia on the New River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of western West Virginia on the Ohio river at the mouth of the Kanawha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harpers Ferry", + "Harper's Ferry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small town in northeastern West Virginia that was the site of a raid in 1859 by the abolitionist John Brown and his followers who captured an arsenal that was located there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgantown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northern West Virginia on the Monongahela river near the Pennsylvania border; site of the University of West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkersburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in northwestern West Virginia on the Ohio river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in the northern panhandle of West Virginia on the Ohio river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wisconsin", + "Badger State", + "WI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a midwestern state in north central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in eastern Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eau Claire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in west central Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of eastern Wisconsin on an arm of Lake Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Crosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Wisconsin on the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madison", + "capital of Wisconsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of the state of Wisconsin; located in the southern part of state; site of the main branch of the University of Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milwaukee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "largest city of Wisconsin; located in southeastern Wisconsin on the western shore of Lake Michigan; a flourishing agricultural center known for its breweries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Racine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in southeastern Wisconsin on Lake Michigan to the south of Milwaukee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watertown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in southeastern Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wausau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in north central Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyoming", + "Equality State", + "WY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state in the western United States; mountainous in the west and north with the Great Plains in the east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city of east central Wyoming on the North Platte river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheyenne", + "capital of Wyoming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Wyoming; located in the southeastern corner of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in western Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town in central Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laramie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university town in southeast Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rock Springs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a town of southwest Wyoming near the Utah border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguay" + ], + "it": [ + "Uruguay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American republic on the southeast coast of South America; achieved independence from Brazil in 1825" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montevideo", + "capital of Uruguay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Uruguay; a cosmopolitan city and one of the busiest ports in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanuatu", + "Republic of Vanuatu", + "New Hebrides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic island republic in Melanesia; independent since 1980" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Vila", + "Vila", + "capital of Vanuatu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capital of Vanuatu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy See", + "The Holy See", + "State of the Vatican City" + ], + "it": [ + "Santa Sede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest sovereign state in the world; the see of the Pope (as the Bishop of Rome); home of the Pope and the central administration of the Roman Catholic Church; achieved independence from Italy in 1929" + ], + "it": [ + "Roma, sede vescovile del Papa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vatican City", + "Citta del Vaticano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital of the State of the Vatican City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guiana Highlands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous tableland in northern South America; extends from Venezuela into Guyana and northern Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venezuela", + "Republic of Venezuela" + ], + "it": [ + "Venezuela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in northern South America on the Caribbean; achieved independence from Spain in 1811; rich in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caracas", + "capital of Venezuela" + ], + "it": [ + "Caracas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciudad Bolivar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in eastern Venezuela on the Orinoco river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northeastern Venezuela on the Caribbean Sea; founded in 1523, it is the oldest European settlement in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maracaibo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northwestern Venezuela; a major oil center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maracay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in north central Venezuela; cattle center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valencia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an industrial city in northern Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vietnam", + "Socialist Republic of Vietnam", + "Viet Nam", + "Annam" + ], + "it": [ + "Vietnam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist state in Indochina on the South China Sea; achieved independence from France in 1945" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Vietnam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former country in southeastern Asia that existed from 1954 (after the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu) until 1975 when South Vietnam collapsed at the end of the Vietnam War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Vietnam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former country in southeastern Asia that existed from 1954 (after the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu) until 1975 when it was defeated and annexed by North Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanoi", + "capital of Vietnam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital city of Vietnam; located in North Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ho Chi Minh City", + "Saigon" + ], + "it": [ + "Saigon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city in South Vietnam; formerly (as Saigon) it was the capital of French Indochina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haiphong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port city in northern Vietnam; industrial center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yemen", + "Republic of Yemen" + ], + "it": [ + "Yemen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic on the southwestern shores of the Arabian Peninsula on the Indian Ocean; formed in 1990" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aden" + ], + "it": [ + "Aden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important port of Yemen; located on the Gulf of Aden; its strategic location has made it a major trading center of southern Arabia since ancient times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hodeida", + "Al-Hudaydah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important port in Yemen on the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mukalla", + "Al-Mukalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a port in southern Yemen on the Gulf of Aden to the east of Aden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sana", + "Sanaa", + "Sana'a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Yemen; on the central plateau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zambia", + "Republic of Zambia", + "Northern Rhodesia" + ], + "it": [ + "Zambia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a republic in central Africa; formerly controlled by Great Britain and called Northern Rhodesia until it gained independence within the commonwealth in 1964" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lusaka", + "capital of Zambia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Zambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low Countries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowland region of western Europe on the North Sea: Belgium and Luxembourg and the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lusitania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient region and Roman province on the Iberian Peninsula; corresponds roughly to modern Portugal and parts of Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silesia", + "Slask", + "Slezsko", + "Schlesien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of central Europe rich in deposits of coal and iron ore; annexed by Prussia in 1742 but now largely in Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Sur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a picturesque coastal region of California to the south of San Francisco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silicon Valley" + ], + "it": [ + "Silicon Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region in California to the south of San Francisco that is noted for its concentration of high-technology industries" + ], + "it": [ + "regione della California nota in tutto il mondo per la concentrazione di industrie del settore informatico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zimbabwe", + "Republic of Zimbabwe", + "Rhodesia", + "Southern Rhodesia" + ], + "it": [ + "Zimbabwe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlocked republic in south central Africa formerly called Rhodesia; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harare", + "Salisbury", + "capital of Zimbabwe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulawayo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "industrial city in southwestern Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian Desert", + "Great Arabian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert on the Arabian Peninsula in southwestern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian Desert", + "Eastern Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in Egypt between the Nile River and the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atacama Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in northern Chile rich in nitrate and copper deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian Desert", + "Great Australian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general name given to all desert areas in Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Rock Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in northwestern Nevada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chihuahuan Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in western Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arid region of southeastern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasht-e-Kavir", + "Kavir Desert", + "Great Salt Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt desert in north central Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dasht-e-Lut", + "Lut Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in eastern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Death Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert area that is part of the Mojave Desert in eastern California and southwestern Nevada; contains the lowest point in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibson Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert area in western Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gila Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert area in southern Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gobi", + "Gobi Desert" + ], + "it": [ + "Gobi", + "deserto dei Gobi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in central China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Sandy Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert region in northwestern Australia to the north of the Gibson Desert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Victoria Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert region in south central Australia to the north of the Nullarbor Plain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalahari", + "Kalahari Desert" + ], + "it": [ + "Kalahari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in southwestern Africa - largely Botswana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kara Kum", + "Qara Qum", + "Turkestan Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in Turkmenistan to the south of the Aral Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyzyl Kum", + "Kizil Kum", + "Qizil Qum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in Uzbekistan to the southeast of the Aral Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northeastern part of the Sahara Desert in Libya and Egypt and Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mojave", + "Mojave Desert", + "Mohave", + "Mohave Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert area in southern California and western Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namib Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in Namibia extending along the coast between the high plateau and the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nefud", + "An Nefud", + "Nafud", + "An Nafud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in northern Saudi Arabia that is noted for its red sand and violent winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Negev", + "Negev Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in southern Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nubian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arid sandstone plateau in northeastern Sudan between the Nile and the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Painted Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert on a high plateau in northeastern Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patagonian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a semiarid region in southern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rub al-Khali", + "Ar Rimsal", + "Dahna", + "Great Sandy Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in southern Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sahara", + "Sahara Desert" + ], + "it": [ + "Sahara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's largest desert (3,500,000 square miles) in northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sub-Saharan Africa", + "Black Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of Africa to the south of the Sahara Desert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simpson Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert region of central Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinai", + "Sinai Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert on the Sinai Peninsula in northeastern Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sonoran Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in southwestern Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert of northern Arabia occupying western Iraq, southern Syria, eastern Jordan, and northern Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taklimakan Desert", + "Taklamakan Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert in western China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thar Desert", + "Great Indian Desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a desert to the east of the Indus River in northwestern India and southeastern Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cameroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in western Cameroon; highest peak on the West African coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Citlaltepetl", + "Mount Orizaba", + "Mt Orizaba", + "Pico de Orizaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct volcano in southern Mexico between Mexico City and Veracruz; the highest peak in Mexico (18,695 feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colima", + "Nevado de Colima", + "Volcan de Colima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in southwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotacachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Andean volcano in northern Ecuador; last erupted in 1955" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cotopaxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's largest active volcano; located in the Andes in north central Ecuador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demavend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in northern Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Misti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's 2nd largest active volcano; located in the Andes in southern Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Etna", + "Mount Etna", + "Mt Etna" + ], + "it": [ + "Etna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in Sicily; last erupted in 1961; the highest volcano in Europe (10,500 feet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcano in south central Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuji", + "Mount Fuji", + "Fujiyama", + "Fujinoyama", + "Fuji-san" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct volcano in south central Honshu that is the highest peak in Japan; last erupted in 1707; famous for its symmetrical snow-capped peak; a sacred mountain and site for pilgrimages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galeras", + "Pasto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in southeastern Colombia in the Andes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guallatiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's highest volcano; in the Andes in northern Chile; last erupted in 1959" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huainaputina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in the Andes in southern Peru; last erupted in 1783" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klyuchevskaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula; last erupted in 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krakatau", + "Krakatao", + "Krakatoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small volcanic island in Indonesia between Java and Sumatra; its violent eruption in 1883 was the greatest in recorded history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Siberian Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean to the north of Siberia and to the east of the Laptev Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lascar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcano in the Andes in Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauna Kea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano on north central Hawaii Island; highest peak in the Hawaiian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauna Loa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano on south central Hawaii Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyamuragira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in eastern Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyiragongo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in eastern Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in the Andes in southern Colombia; last erupted in 1950" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sangay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in the Andes in central Ecuador; last erupted in 1946" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupungatito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inactive volcano in central Chile; last erupted in 1959" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Saint Helens", + "Mount St. Helens", + "Mt. St. Helens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active volcano in the Cascade Range in southwestern Washington; erupted violently in 1980 after 123 years of inactivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scythia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient area of Eurasia extending from the Black Sea to the Aral Sea that was populated by Scythians from the eighth to the fourth century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesuvius", + "Mount Vesuvius", + "Mt. Vesuvius" + ], + "it": [ + "Vesuvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcano in southwestern Italy on the Mediterranean coast; a Plinian eruption in 79 AD buried Pompeii and killed Pliny the Elder; last erupted in 1944" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of northern Africa between the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of western Africa between the Sahara Desert and the Gulf of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dar al-Islam", + "House of Islam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "areas where Muslims are in the majority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dar al-harb", + "House of War" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "areas where Muslims are in the minority and are persecuted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ], + "it": [ + "vita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motive for living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rational motive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motive that can be defended by reasoning or logical argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason", + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "cagione", + "causa", + "motivo", + "ragione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rational motive for a belief or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occasion" + ], + "it": [ + "occasione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "why", + "wherefore" + ], + "it": [ + "perché" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase `the whys and wherefores'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incentive", + "inducement", + "motivator" + ], + "it": [ + "incentivo", + "incitamento", + "sollecitazione", + "spinta", + "sprone", + "stimolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positive motivational influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moral force", + "dynamic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an efficient incentive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disincentive", + "deterrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative motivational influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrational motive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motivation that is inconsistent with reason or logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urge", + "impulse" + ], + "it": [ + "impulso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an instinctive motive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an urge to withdraw or avoid a situation or an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) an urge to accept or approach a situation or an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death instinct", + "death wish", + "Thanatos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) an unconscious urge to die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrational impulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong spontaneous and irrational motivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsion", + "irresistible impulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an urge to do or say something that might be better left undone or unsaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mania", + "passion", + "cacoethes" + ], + "it": [ + "malattia", + "mania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrational but irresistible motive for a belief or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agromania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense desire to be alone or out in the open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipsomania", + "alcoholism", + "potomania" + ], + "it": [ + "dipsomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense persistent desire to drink alcoholic beverages to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense and irresistible love for yourself and concern for your own needs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kleptomania" + ], + "it": [ + "cleptomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irresistible impulse to steal in the absence of any economic motive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logorrhea", + "logomania" + ], + "it": [ + "logorrea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pathologically excessive (and often incoherent) talking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monomania", + "possession" + ], + "it": [ + "monomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mania restricted to one thing or idea" + ], + "it": [ + "una mania limitata ad una cosa o idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrophilia", + "necrophilism", + "necromania" + ], + "it": [ + "necrofilia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irresistible sexual attraction to dead bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phaneromania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irresistible desire to pick at superficial body parts (as in obsessive nail-biting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyromania" + ], + "it": [ + "piromania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncontrollable desire to set fire to things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichotillomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irresistible urge to pull out your own hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanderlust", + "itchy feet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sete di viaggi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very strong or irresistible impulse to travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsion", + "obsession" + ], + "it": [ + "ossessione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irrational motive for performing trivial or repetitive actions, even against your will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomatomania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obsession with a particular word which the person uses repeatedly or which intrudes into consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethical motive", + "ethics", + "morals", + "morality" + ], + "it": [ + "etica", + "moralità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motivation based on ideas of right and wrong" + ], + "it": [ + "motivazione basata sulle idee di bene e male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedonism" + ], + "it": [ + "edonismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pursuit of pleasure as a matter of ethical principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscience", + "scruples", + "moral sense", + "sense of right and wrong" + ], + "it": [ + "coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wee small voice", + "small voice", + "voice of conscience" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inner voice that judges your behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense of shame", + "sense of duty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motivating awareness of ethical responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inner Light", + "Light", + "Light Within", + "Christ Within" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a divine presence believed by Quakers to enlighten and guide the soul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychic energy", + "mental energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actuating force or factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incitement", + "incitation", + "provocation" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that incites or provokes; a means of arousing or stirring to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any incitement to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libidinal energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) psychic energy produced by the libido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathexis", + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) the libidinal energy invested in some idea or person or object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acathexis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychoanalysis) a lack of cathexis; a condition in which significant objects or memories arouse no emotion in an individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aare", + "Aar", + "Aare River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in north central Switzerland that runs northeast into the Rhine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abukir", + "Abukir Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay on the Mediterranean Sea in northern Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abyss", + "abysm" + ], + "it": [ + "abisso", + "baratro", + "precipizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bottomless gulf or pit; any unfathomable (or apparently unfathomable) cavity or chasm or void extending below (often used figuratively)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abyssal zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deep sea (2000 meters or more) where there is no light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acheron", + "River Acheron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a river in Hades across which the souls of the dead were carried by Charon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achondrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stony meteor lacking chondrules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acicula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a needlelike part or structure of a plant or animal or crystal; as a spine or bristle or crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aconcagua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest mountain in the western hemisphere; located in the Andes in western Argentina (22,834 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adams", + "Mount Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in southwestern Washington in the Cascade Range (12,307 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adam's Peak", + "Samanala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in south central Sri Lanka (7,360 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adige", + "River Adige" + ], + "it": [ + "Adige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern Italy that flows southeast into the Adriatic Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "Fiume che passa per Trento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adirondacks", + "Adirondack Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northeastern New York State; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Admiralty Range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountains in Antarctica to the north of Victoria Land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjunct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something added to another thing but not an essential part of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adriatic", + "Adriatic Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Mediterranean between Slovenia and Croatia and Montenegro and Albania on the east and Italy on the west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegean", + "Aegean Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "Egeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey; a main trade route for the ancient civilizations of Crete and Greece and Rome and Persia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegospotami", + "Aegospotamos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creek emptying into the Hellespont in present-day Turkey; at its mouth in 405 BC the Spartan fleet under Lysander defeated the Athenians and ended the Peloponnesian War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerie", + "aery", + "eyrie", + "eyry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lofty nest of a bird of prey (such as a hawk or eagle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerolite" + ], + "it": [ + "aerolite", + "aerolito", + "bolide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stony meteorite consisting of silicate minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Africa" + ], + "it": [ + "Africa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airborne transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission mechanism in the which the infectious agent is spread as an aerosol and usually enters a person through the respiratory tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bubble of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aire", + "River Aire", + "Aire River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern England that flows southeast through West Yorkshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alabama", + "Alabama River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Alabama formed by the confluence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers near Montgomery; flows southwestward to become a tributary of the Mobile River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula of southwestern Alaska (a continuation of the Aleutian Islands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska Range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in south central Alaska; contains Mount McKinley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aldebaran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Taurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second brightest star in Perseus; the first known eclipsing binary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alleghenies", + "Allegheny Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the western part of the Appalachian Mountains; extending from northern Pennsylvania to southwestern Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allegheny", + "Allegheny River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in Pennsylvania and flows north into New York and then back south through Pennsylvania again to join the Monongahela River at Pittsburgh which is the beginning of the Ohio River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alluvial sediment", + "alluvial deposit", + "alluvium", + "alluvion" + ], + "it": [ + "alluvione", + "detrito alluvionale", + "materiale alluvionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clay or silt or gravel carried by rushing streams and deposited where the stream slows down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alluvial flat", + "alluvial plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat resulting from repeated deposits of alluvial material by running water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alp" + ], + "it": [ + "alpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any high mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpha Centauri", + "Rigil Kent", + "Rigil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brightest star in Centaurus; second nearest star to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpha Crucis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in the Southern Cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positively charged particle that is the nucleus of the helium atom; emitted from natural or radioactive isotopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine glacier", + "Alpine type of glacier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacier that moves down from a high valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alps", + "the Alps" + ], + "it": [ + "Alpi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Altai Mountains", + "Altay Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in central Asia that extends a thousand miles from Kazakhstan eastward into western Mongolia and northern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Altair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "double star 15.7 light years from Earth; the brightest star in the Aquila constellation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altocumulus", + "altocumulus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "alto cumulo", + "altocumulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cumulus cloud at an intermediate altitude of 2 or 3 miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altostratus", + "altostratus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "alto strato", + "altostrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stratus cloud at an intermediate altitude of 2 or 3 miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amazon", + "Amazon River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major South American river; arises in the Andes and flows eastward into the South Atlantic; the world's 2nd longest river (4000 miles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "America" + ], + "it": [ + "America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North America and South America and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of Niagara Falls in western New York (north of Buffalo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonite", + "ammonoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the coiled chambered fossil shells of extinct mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amur", + "Amur River", + "Heilong Jiang", + "Heilong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river between China and Russia; flows into the Sea of Okhotsk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ancohuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,960 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andaman Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Bay of Bengal to the west of the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andes" + ], + "it": [ + "Ande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andromeda" + ], + "it": [ + "Andromeda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere between Cassiopeia and Pegasus; contains the Andromeda galaxy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angara", + "Angara River", + "Tunguska", + "Upper Tunguska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeastern Siberia that flows northwest from Lake Baikal to become a tributary of the Yenisei River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angel", + "Angel Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest waterfall; has more than one leap; flow varies seasonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anion" + ], + "it": [ + "anione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negatively charged ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annapurna", + "Anapurna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (26,500 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antarctica", + "Antarctic continent" + ], + "it": [ + "Antartide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely cold continent at the south pole almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle; covered by an ice cap up to 13,000 feet deep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antarctic Ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern waters surrounding Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antarctic Peninsula", + "Palmer Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large peninsula of Antarctica that extends some 1200 miles north toward South America; separates the Weddell Sea from the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Scorpius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthill", + "formicary" + ], + "it": [ + "formicaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound of earth made by ants as they dig their nest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antibaryon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a baryon; a hadron with a baryon number of -1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antilepton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a lepton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimeson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a meson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antimuon", + "positive muon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a muon; decays to positron and neutrino and antineutrino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antineutrino" + ], + "it": [ + "antineutrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a neutrino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antineutron" + ], + "it": [ + "antineutrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a neutron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiparticle" + ], + "it": [ + "antiparticella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particle that has the same mass as another particle but has opposite values for its other properties; interaction of a particle and its antiparticle results in annihilation and the production of radiant energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiproton" + ], + "it": [ + "antiprotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable negatively charged proton; the antiparticle of a proton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiquark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the antiparticle of a quark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitauon", + "tau-plus particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an antilepton of very great mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antlia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Hydra and Vela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apalachicola", + "Apalachicola River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northwestern Florida formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee River and the Flint River at the Florida border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apennines" + ], + "it": [ + "Appennini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range extending the length of the Italian peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aperture" + ], + "it": [ + "buco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural opening in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apollo asteroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asteroid whose orbit crosses the Earth's orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appalachians", + "Appalachian Mountains" + ], + "it": [ + "Appalachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in the eastern United States extending from Quebec to the Gulf of Mexico; a historic barrier to early westward expansion of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near Octans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zodiacal constellation in the southern hemisphere; between Capricornus and Pisces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underground bed or layer yielding ground water for wells and springs etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the Milky Way near Cygnus; contains the star Altair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i84999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Telescopium and Norma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabian Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northwestern arm of the Indian Ocean between India and Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arafura Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the western Pacific Ocean to the north of Australia and to the south of New Guinea and the eastern islands of Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araguaia", + "Araguaia River", + "Araguaya", + "Araguaya River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central Brazil that flows generally northward (with many falls) to join the Tocantins River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ararat", + "Mount Ararat", + "Mt. Ararat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mountain peak that Noah's ark landed on as the waters of the great flood receded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aras", + "Araxes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northeastern Turkey (near the source of the Euphrates) and flows generally eastward through Armenia to the Caspian Sea; ancient name was Araxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northern Colombia and flows generally eastward to the Orinoco in central Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archeological remains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relic that has been excavated from the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archipelago" + ], + "it": [ + "arcipelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of many islands in a large body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctic Ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice covered waters surrounding the North Pole; mostly covered with solid ice or with ice floes and icebergs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcturus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th brightest star and the brightest star in the constellation Bootes; 36 light-years from Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp narrow ridge found in rugged mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a large constellation in the southern hemisphere between Canis Major and the Southern Cross; now divided into Carina and Pyxis and Puppis and Vela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argun", + "Argun River", + "Ergun He" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Asia that arises in China and flows northeast along the border between China and Russia to become a tributary of the Amur River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Pisces and Taurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristarchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright crater on the Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arkansas", + "Arkansas River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in the Rocky Mountains in Colorado and flows southeast through Kansas and Oklahoma and through Arkansas to become a tributary of the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arno", + "Arno River", + "River Arno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central Italy rising in the Apennines and flowing through Florence and Pisa to the Ligurian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arroyo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream or brook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascent", + "acclivity", + "rise", + "raise", + "climb", + "upgrade" + ], + "it": [ + "salita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upward slope or grade (as in a road)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asia" + ], + "it": [ + "Asia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a cluster of stars (or a small constellation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asteroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small celestial bodies composed of rock and metal that move around the sun (mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asthenosphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower layer of the crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atacama Trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in the floor of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic", + "Atlantic Ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlantic Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coast of the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlas Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northern Africa between the Mediterranean and the Sahara Desert; extends from southwestern Morocco to northern Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "atmosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atoll" + ], + "it": [ + "atollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island consisting of a circular coral reef surrounding a lagoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auriga", + "Charioteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Great Bear and Orion at edge of Milky Way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australia" + ], + "it": [ + "Australia", + "Commonwealth dell'Australia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest continent; between the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian Alps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mountains in Australia that forms the southern end of the Great Dividing Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avon", + "River Avon", + "Upper Avon", + "Upper Avon River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central England that flows through Stratford-on-Avon and empties into the Severn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avon", + "River Avon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southwestern England rising in Gloucestershire and flowing through Bristol to empty into the estuary of the Severn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backwater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of water that was created by a flood or tide or by being held or forced back by a dam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badlands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deeply eroded barren land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baffin Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of water between Greenland and northeastern Canada; connected with the Arctic Ocean to the north and with the Atlantic Ocean (via the Labrador Sea) to the south; icebound in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balaton", + "Lake Balaton", + "Plattensee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large shallow lake in western Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkans", + "Balkan Mountains", + "Balkan Mountain Range" + ], + "it": [ + "Balcani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major mountain range of Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baltic", + "Baltic Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sea in northern Europe; stronghold of the Russian navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long ridge or pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "banchina", + "riva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank", + "cant", + "camber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submerged (or partly submerged) ridge in a river or along a shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbecue pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit where wood or charcoal is burned to make a bed of hot coals suitable for barbecuing meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barents Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Arctic Ocean to the north of Norway and Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrier" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything serving to maintain separation by obstructing vision or access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrier island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow sandy island (wider than a reef) running parallel to the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrier reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long coral reef near and parallel to the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baryon", + "heavy particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom or lowest part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural depression in the surface of the land often with a lake at the bottom of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay", + "embayment" + ], + "it": [ + "baia", + "cala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bay of Bengal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Indian Ocean to the east of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bay of Biscay" + ], + "it": [ + "Biscaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Atlantic Ocean in western Europe; bordered by the west coast of France and the north coast of Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bay of Fundy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the North Atlantic between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia; noted for rapid tides as great as 70 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bay of Naples" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Tyrrhenian Sea at Naples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayou" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swampy arm or slow-moving outlet of a lake (term used mainly in Mississippi and Louisiana)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach" + ], + "it": [ + "lido", + "spiaggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake" + ], + "it": [ + "un'area sabbiosa nei pressi dell'acqua di un mare o di un lago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beachfront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of land running along a beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaufort Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Arctic Ocean to the northeast of Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed", + "bottom" + ], + "it": [ + "fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression forming the ground under a body of water" + ], + "it": [ + "superficie solida che costituisce il terreno sotto una massa d'acqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ], + "it": [ + "bacino", + "letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a stratum of rock (especially sedimentary rock)" + ], + "it": [ + "la superficie inferiore di uno strato roccioso sulla quale poggiano gli strati superiori incoerenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedrock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solid unweathered rock lying beneath surface deposits of soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beehive", + "hive" + ], + "it": [ + "alveare", + "arnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure that provides a natural habitation for bees; as in a hollow tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure of small hexagonal cells constructed from beeswax by bees and used to store honey and larvae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something to which a mountain climber's rope can be secured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ben" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain or tall hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bering Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the North Pacific between Alaska and Siberia; connected to the Arctic Ocean by the Bering Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bering Strait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait connecting the Bering Sea to the Arctic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berkshires", + "Berkshire Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low mountain range in western Massachusetts; a resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow ledge or shelf typically at the top or bottom of a slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beta Centauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second brightest star in Centaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beta Crucis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second brightest star in the Southern Cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Betelgeuse", + "Alpha Orionis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second brightest star in Orion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Dipper", + "Dipper", + "Plough", + "Charles's Wain", + "Wain", + "Wagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bighorn", + "Bighorn River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that flows from central Wyoming to the Yellowstone River in southern Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad bay formed by an indentation in the shoreline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bight of Benin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad indentation of the Gulf of Guinea in western Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Sioux River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northeastern South Dakota and flows southward to join the Missouri River at Sioux City, Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billabong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of a river made by water flowing from the main stream only when the water level is high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billabong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stagnant pool of water in the bed of a stream that flows intermittently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binary star", + "binary", + "double star" + ], + "it": [ + "stelle binarie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of two stars that revolve around each other under their mutual gravitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biological agent", + "biohazard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any bacterium or virus or toxin that could be used in biological warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird's nest", + "bird nest", + "birdnest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nest where birds lay their eggs and hatch their young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biscayne Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow bay formed by an inlet from the Atlantic Ocean in southeastern Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bismarck Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the South Pacific to the southwest of the Bismarck Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bit", + "chip", + "flake", + "fleck", + "scrap" + ], + "it": [ + "brandello", + "briciola", + "frantume", + "pezzettino", + "scaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fragment of something broken off from the whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black body", + "blackbody", + "full radiator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical object capable of absorbing all the electromagnetic radiation falling on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Forest", + "Schwarzwald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hilly forest region in southwestern Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Hills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountains in southwestern South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming; sacred to the Sioux (whites settling in the Black Hills led to the Battle of Little Bighorn); site of Mount Rushmore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black hole" + ], + "it": [ + "buco nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star; extremely high gravitational field" + ], + "it": [ + "stella ad altissima densità che costituisce lo stadio finale del collasso gravitazionale di un astro di grandi dimensioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Sea", + "Euxine Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sea between Europe and Asia; a popular resort area of eastern Europeans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder stone", + "cystolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculus formed in the bladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something long and thin resembling a blade of grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket", + "mantle" + ], + "it": [ + "coltre", + "mantello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood-brain barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mechanism that creates a barrier between brain tissues and circulating blood; serves to protect the central nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blue Nile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headstream of the Nile; joins the White Nile at Khartoum to form the Nile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blue Ridge Mountains", + "Blue Ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the Appalachians extending from southern Pennsylvania to northern Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue sky", + "blue", + "blue air", + "wild blue yonder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sky as viewed during daylight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "b-meson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exceedingly short-lived meson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body of water", + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the earth's surface covered with water (such as a river or lake or ocean)" + ], + "it": [ + "massa, distesa d'acqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog", + "peat bog" + ], + "it": [ + "acquitrino", + "pantano", + "torbiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wet spongy ground of decomposing vegetation; has poorer drainage than a swamp; soil is unfit for cultivation but can be cut and dried and used for fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bo Hai", + "Po Hai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Yellow Sea, on the coast of Eastern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt-hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole through which an animal may bolt when pursued into its burrow or den" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially rich vein of precious ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,546 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bootes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere near Ursa Major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrow pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit created to provide earth that can be used as fill at another site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any particle that obeys Bose-Einstein statistics but not the Pauli exclusion principle; all nuclei with an even mass number are bosons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosporus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait connecting the Mediterranean and the Black Sea; separates the European and Asian parts of Turkey; an important shipping route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottomland", + "bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-lying alluvial land near a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom quark", + "beauty quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quark with a charge of -1/3 and a mass about 10,000 times that of an electron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bougainville Trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in the floor of the Pacific Ocean between New Guinea and the Solomon Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boulder", + "bowlder" + ], + "it": [ + "macigno", + "masso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slope or hillside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahmaputra", + "Brahmaputra River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river; flows into the Bay of Bengal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream or river connected to a larger one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branched chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open chain of atoms with one or more side chains attached to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazos", + "Brazos River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in Mexico and flows across Texas into the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breach" + ], + "it": [ + "breccia", + "falla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening (especially a gap in a dike or fortification)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brenner Pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Alpine mountain pass connecting Innsbruck in Austria with Bolzano in Italy that has long been a route for trade and for invasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brickbat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pezzo di mattone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment of brick used as a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bristol Channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean between southern Wales and southwestern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brook", + "creek" + ], + "it": [ + "rio", + "rivo", + "ruscello", + "torrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooklet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small brook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ], + "it": [ + "bolla", + "bollicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow globule of gas (e.g., air or carbon dioxide)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullet hole" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "foro di proiettile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole made by a bullet passing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burrow", + "tunnel" + ], + "it": [ + "cunicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole made by an animal, usually for shelter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill that rises abruptly from the surrounding region; has a flat top and sloping sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buzzards Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean in southeastern Massachusetts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caelum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Columba and Eridanus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculus", + "concretion" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard lump produced by the concretion of mineral salts; found in hollow organs or ducts of the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caldera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second largest of Jupiter's satellites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caloosahatchee", + "Caloosahatchee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southern Florida that flows westerly to the Gulf of Mexico; forms the western end of the Cross-Florida Waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cam", + "River Cam", + "Cam River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in east central England that flows past Cambridge to join the Ouse River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambrian Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rugged plateau that runs north to south through central Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian", + "Canadian River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river rising in northeastern New Mexico and flowing eastward across the Texas panhandle to become a tributary of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian Falls", + "Horseshoe Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of Niagara Falls in Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canandaigua Lake", + "Lake Canandaigua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacial lake in central New York; one of the Finger Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canis Major", + "Great Dog" + ], + "it": [ + "Cane Maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation to the southeast of Orion; contains Sirius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canis Minor", + "Little Dog" + ], + "it": [ + "Cane Minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation to the east of Orion; contains Procyon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canopus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supergiant star 650 light years from Earth; second brightest star in the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cantabrian Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mountains in northern Spain along the coast of the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canyon", + "canon" + ], + "it": [ + "canyon", + "cañon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canyonside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the steeply sloping side of a canyon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape", + "ness" + ], + "it": [ + "capo", + "promontorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strip of land projecting into a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Canaveral", + "Cape Kennedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandy promontory (formerly Cape Kennedy) extending into the Atlantic Ocean from a barrier island off the eastern coast of Florida; the site of a NASA center for spaceflight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Cod Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern part of Massachusetts Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Fear River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in North Carolina that flows southeast to the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Auriga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Sable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promontory on the far southern part of Nova Scotia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Sable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape at the southwest tip of Florida; the southernmost part of the United States mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape Trafalgar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cape in southwestern Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape York" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the northern tip of Cape York Peninsula at the Torres Strait; the northernmost point of the Australian mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cape York Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in Queensland in northeastern Australia between the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Coral Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capricornus", + "Capricorn" + ], + "it": [ + "Capricorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint zodiacal constellation in the southern hemisphere; between Sagittarius and Aquarius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caribbean", + "Caribbean Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between North and South America; the origin of the Gulf stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a keel-shaped constellation in the southern hemisphere; contains the start Canopus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carlsbad Caverns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of caverns in southeastern New Mexico noted for their stalactites and stalagmites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpathians", + "Carpathian Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in central Europe that extends from Slovakia and southern Poland southeastward through western Ukraine to northeastern Romania; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural object that resembles or suggests a carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small waterfall or series of small waterfalls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cascades", + "Cascade Range", + "Cascade Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in the northwestern United States extending through Washington and Oregon and northern California; a part of the Coast Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caspian", + "Caspian Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "Caspio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large saltwater lake between Iran and Russia fed by the Volga River; the largest inland body of water in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassiopeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a W-shaped constellation in the northern hemisphere near Polaris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castor", + "Alpha Geminorum" + ], + "it": [ + "Castore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multiple star with 6 components; second brightest in Gemini; close to Pollux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large waterfall; violent rush of water over a precipice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cataract Canyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Grand Canyon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is caught (especially if it is worth catching)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cation" + ], + "it": [ + "catione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positively charged ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catskills", + "Catskill Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the Appalachians to the west of the Hudson in southeastern New York; includes many popular resort areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caucasus", + "Caucasus Mountains" + ], + "it": [ + "Caucaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mountain range in Caucasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea that forms part of the traditional border between Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cave" + ], + "it": [ + "antro", + "grotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavern" + ], + "it": [ + "antro", + "caverna", + "grotta", + "spelonca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cave or a large chamber in a cave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavern" + ], + "it": [ + "antro", + "caverna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large dark enclosed space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cayuga Lake", + "Lake Cayuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacial lake in central New York; the longest of the Finger Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celestial body", + "heavenly body" + ], + "it": [ + "astro", + "corpo celeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural objects visible in the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centaurus", + "Centaur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous constellation in the southern hemisphere near the Southern Cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cepheus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the northern hemisphere near Cassiopeia and the pole star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest asteroid and the first discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large constellation on the equator near Pisces and Aquarius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain", + "chemical chain" + ], + "it": [ + "catena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaeleon", + "Chameleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near Apus and Mensa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Changtzu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (24,780 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel" + ], + "it": [ + "canale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep and relatively narrow body of water (as in a river or a harbor or a strait linking two larger bodies) that allows the best passage for vessels" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio di mare, più ampio di uno stretto, compreso fra due terre emerse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chao Phraya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Thailand formed by the confluence of the Nan and Ping Rivers; flows southward past Bangkok and empties into the Gulf of Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chap" + ], + "it": [ + "screpolatura", + "screpolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crack in a lip caused usually by cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Massachusetts that empties into Boston Harbor and that separates Cambridge from Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quark with an electric charge of +2/3 and a mass 2900 times that of an electron and a charm of +1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasm" + ], + "it": [ + "abisso", + "baratro", + "voragine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep opening in the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chattahoochee", + "Chattahoochee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river rising in northern Georgia and flowing southwest and south to join the Flint River at the Florida border where they form the Apalachicola River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baikal", + "Lake Baikal", + "Baykal", + "Lake Baykal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest freshwater lake in Asia or Europe and the deepest lake in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Chelan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow very deep lake in central Washington in the Cascade Range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coeur d'Alene Lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in northern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Tahoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake on the border between Nevada and California to the west of Carson City; a popular resort area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chesapeake Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large inlet of the North Atlantic between Virginia and Maryland; fed by Susquehanna River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimborazo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Ecuador (20,560 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow opening as e.g. between planks in a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "cow chip", + "cow dung", + "buffalo chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of dried bovine dung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asteroid discovered in 1977; it is unique in having an orbit lying mainly between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondrite" + ], + "it": [ + "condrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock of meteoric origin containing chondrules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondrule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small granule (of e.g. chrysolite) found in some meteoric rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromosphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gaseous layer of the sun's atmosphere (extending from the photosphere to the corona) that is visible during a total eclipse of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chukchi Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peninsula of northeastern Siberia across the Bering Strait from northwestern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chukchi Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Arctic Ocean just to the north of the Bering Strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cimarron", + "Cimarron River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northeastern New Mexico and flows eastward into Oklahoma where it becomes a tributary of the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinder", + "clinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Musca and Triangulum Australe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirque", + "corrie", + "cwm" + ], + "it": [ + "circo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep-walled semicircular basin in a mountain; may contain a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrocumulus", + "cirrocumulus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "cirrocumolo", + "cirrocumulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloud at a high altitude consisting of a series of regularly arranged small clouds resembling ripples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrostratus", + "cirrostratus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "cirrostrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin uniform layer of hazy cloud at high altitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cirrus", + "cirrus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "cirro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wispy white cloud (usually of fine ice crystals) at a high altitude (4 to 8 miles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a constituent fragment of a clastic rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clastic rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a rock composed of broken pieces of older rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff", + "drop", + "drop-off" + ], + "it": [ + "balzo", + "falesa", + "falesia", + "ripa", + "roccia", + "rupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep high face of rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinch River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in southwestern Virginia and flows generally southwestward across eastern Tennessee to the Tennessee River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed chain", + "ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a chain of atoms in a molecule that forms a closed loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closed universe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) a universe that is spatially closed and in which there is sufficient matter to halt the expansion that began with the big bang; the visible matter is only 10 percent of the matter required for closure but there may be large amounts of dark matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "nube", + "nuvola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visible mass of water or ice particles suspended at a considerable altitude" + ], + "it": [ + "massa visibile di particelle di acqua o ghiaccio sospese a notevole altitudine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of clouds seen from a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Scotland that flows from the southern uplands into the Firth of Clyde; navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as Glasgow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slope down which sleds may coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastal plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plain adjacent to a coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land in a coastal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coast Range", + "Coast Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a string of mountain ranges along the Pacific coast of North America from southeastern Alaska to Lower California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocytus", + "River Cocytus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a river in Hades that was said to be a tributary of the Acheron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffee grounds" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dregs remaining after brewing coffee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "col", + "gap" + ], + "it": [ + "giogo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass between mountain peaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crater that has collected cosmic material hitting the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collision course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a course of a moving object that will lead to a collision if it continues unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado", + "Colorado River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important river in the southwestern United States; rises in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado and flows southwest through Utah into Arizona (where it flows through the Grand Canyon) and then southward through the southern tip of Nevada, then forming the border between California and Arizona and finally into Mexico where it empties into the Gulf of California; the main source of water in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado", + "Colorado River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Texas; flows southeast into the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado Plateau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large plateau to the south and west of the Rocky Mountains; abuts mountains on the north and east and ends in an escarpment overlooking lowlands to the south and west; the Grand Canyon is carved out of the southwestern corner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columba", + "Dove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Puppis and Caelum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbia", + "Columbia River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American river; rises in southwestern Canada and flows southward across Washington to form the border between Washington and Oregon before emptying into the Pacific; known for its salmon runs in the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coma" + ], + "it": [ + "chioma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the luminous cloud of particles surrounding the frozen nucleus of a comet; forms as the comet approaches the sun and is warmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coma Berenices" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere between Ursa Major and Bootes; contains a cluster of some 10,000 galaxies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comet" + ], + "it": [ + "cometa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commemorative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object (such as a coin or postage stamp) made to mark an event or honor a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communism Peak", + "Mount Communism", + "Stalin Peak", + "Mount Garmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest mountain peak in the Pamir Mountains; near the Chinese border in northeastern Tajikistan (24,590 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congo", + "Congo River", + "Zaire River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major African river (one of the world's longest); flows through Congo into the South Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connecticut", + "Connecticut River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in the northeastern United States; flows south from northern New Hampshire along the border between New Hampshire and Vermont and through Massachusetts and Connecticut where it empties into Long Island Sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has consolidated into a compact mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constance", + "Lake Constance", + "Bodensee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constellation" + ], + "it": [ + "costellazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a configuration of stars as seen from the earth" + ], + "it": [ + "un raggruppamento di stelle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continent" + ], + "it": [ + "continente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the large landmasses of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental glacier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacier that spreads out from a central mass of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental shelf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the relatively shallow (up to 200 meters) seabed surrounding a continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental slope", + "bathyal zone", + "bathyal district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the steep descent of the seabed from the continental shelf to the abyssal zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrail", + "condensation trail" + ], + "it": [ + "scia di condensazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artificial cloud created by an aircraft; caused either by condensation due to the reduction in air pressure above the wing surface or by water vapor in the engine exhaust" + ], + "it": [ + "nube che si forma nella scia di un aeroplano quando l'atmosfera circostante è abbastanza fredda e umida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cook Strait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow strait separating the North Island and South Island in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coosa", + "Coosa River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river that rises in northwestern Georgia and flows southwest through eastern Alabama to join the Tallapoosa River near Montgomery and form the Alabama River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copernicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous crater on the Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coprolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil excrement; petrified dung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coprolith", + "fecalith", + "faecalith", + "stercolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard mass of fecal matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral reef" + ], + "it": [ + "barriera corallina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reef consisting of coral consolidated into limestone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coral Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the South Pacific to the northeast of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the central part of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ], + "it": [ + "carota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical sample of soil or rock obtained with a hollow drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ], + "it": [ + "angolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting part where two sides or edges meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corona Borealis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the northern hemisphere between Bootes and Hercules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coropuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,083 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corvus", + "Crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small quadrilateral constellation in the southern hemisphere near Virgo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) something joined by two equal and opposite forces that act along parallel lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small inlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small or narrow cave in the side of a cliff or mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covering", + "natural covering", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "involucro", + "pelliccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural object that covers or envelops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crab Nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remnant of a supernova detected first in 1054 AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack", + "cleft", + "crevice", + "fissure", + "scissure" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "crepa", + "crepatura", + "fenditura", + "fessura", + "incrinatura", + "scissura", + "spaccatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crag" + ], + "it": [ + "balza", + "balzo", + "rupe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep rugged rock or cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cranny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small opening or crevice (especially in a rock face or wall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crater" + ], + "it": [ + "cratere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl-shaped depression formed by the impact of a meteorite or bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Hydra and Corvus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a continent that is stable and forms the central mass of the continent; typically Precambrian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crevasse" + ], + "it": [ + "crepaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep fissure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cross-Florida Waterway", + "Okeechobee Waterway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterway used by small boats to travel between the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico through Lake Okeechobee and the Caloosahatchee_Canal and the Caloosahatchee River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crust", + "Earth's crust" + ], + "it": [ + "crosta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer layer of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crust", + "incrustation", + "encrustation" + ], + "it": [ + "incrostazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard outer layer that covers something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystal", + "crystallization" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock formed by the solidification of a substance; has regularly repeating internal structure; external plane faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous minute rudimentary crystalline bodies of unknown composition found in glassy igneous rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivated land", + "farmland", + "plowland", + "ploughland", + "tilled land", + "tillage", + "tilth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arable land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumberland", + "Cumberland River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in southeastern Kentucky and flows westward through northern Tennessee to become a tributary of the Ohio River in southwestern Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumberland Gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass through the Cumberland Mountains between Virginia and Kentucky that early settlers used in order to move west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumberland Mountains", + "Cumberland Plateau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southwestern part of the Appalachians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumulonimbus", + "cumulonimbus cloud", + "thundercloud" + ], + "it": [ + "cumulo-nembo", + "cumulonembo", + "nube temporalesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark cloud of great vertical extent charged with electricity; associated with thunderstorms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cumulus", + "cumulus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "cumolo", + "cumulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a globular cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuquenan", + "Cuquenan Falls", + "Kukenaam", + "Kukenaam Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famous waterfall in Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any barrier to communication or vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece cut off from the main part of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cygnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere between Pegasus and Draco in the Milky Way; contains a black hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dale" + ], + "it": [ + "convalle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open river valley (in a hilly area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small scales from animal skins or hair or bird feathers that can cause allergic reactions in some people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandruff" + ], + "it": [ + "forfora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose scales shed from the scalp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danube", + "Danube River", + "Danau" + ], + "it": [ + "Danubio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd longest European river (after the Volga); flows from southwestern Germany to the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darling", + "Darling River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Australian river; tributary of the Murray River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dead Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saltwater lake on the border between Israel and Jordan; its surface in 1292 feet below sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "literary term for an ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defile", + "gorge" + ], + "it": [ + "canalone", + "gola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow pass (especially one between mountains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deimos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outer of two small satellites of Mars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware", + "Delaware River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in the Catskills in southeastern New York and flows southward along the border of Pennsylvania with New York and New Jersey to northern Delaware where it empties into Delaware Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the North Atlantic; fed by the Delaware River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dell", + "dingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small wooded hollow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delphinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere near Pegasus and Aquila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta" + ], + "it": [ + "delta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low triangular area of alluvial deposits where a river divides before entering a larger body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electron ejected from matter by ionizing radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demerara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern Guyana that flows northward into the Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denali Fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major open geological fault in Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deneb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Cygnus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Denebola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star in Leo approximately 43 light years from Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descent", + "declivity", + "fall", + "decline", + "declination", + "declension", + "downslope" + ], + "it": [ + "calata", + "china", + "declivio", + "discesa", + "pendio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a downward slope or bend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desideratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something desired as a necessity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Detroit River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short river flowing from Lake St. Clair to Lake Erie along the border between the United States and Canada; one the busiest inland waterways in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deuteron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nucleus of deuterium; consists of one proton and one neutron; used as a bombarding particle in accelerators" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhaulagiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (26,820 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domed rock formation where a core of rock has moved upward and pierced through the more brittle overlying strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffuse nebula", + "gaseous nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of stars within an intricate cloud of gas and dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipole" + ], + "it": [ + "dipolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipole molecule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molecule that is a permanent dipole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission mechanism in which the infectious agent is transferred directly into the body via touching or biting or kissing or sexual intercourse or by droplets entering the eye or nose or mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is cast aside or discarded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch of a river that flows away from the main stream and does not rejoin it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small natural waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece of turf dug out of a lawn or fairway (by an animals hooves or a golf club)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the cavity left when a piece of turf is cut from the ground by the club head in making a stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dnieper", + "Dnieper River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in Russia near Smolensk and flowing south through Belarus and Ukraine to empty into the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog shit", + "dog do", + "doggy do", + "dog turd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fecal droppings from a dog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dolomite Alps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern range of the Alps in northeastern Italy famous for their dolomitic limestone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don", + "Don River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river in southwestern Russia; flows into the Sea of Azov" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donner Pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain pass in northeastern California near Lake Tahoe; site where in 1844 some members of an emigrant party survived by eating those who had died" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Reticulum and Pictor; contains most of the Large Magellanic Cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a rolling treeless highland with little soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downhill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the downward slope of a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stable quark with an electric charge of -1/3 and a mass 607 times that of an electron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Draco", + "Dragon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation twisting around the north celestial pole and lying between Ursa Major and Cepheus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gully that is shallower than a ravine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dregs", + "settlings" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "fondo", + "fondiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sediment that has settled at the bottom of a liquid" + ], + "it": [ + "residuo solido lasciato da un liquido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nest of a squirrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mass of material that is heaped up by the wind or by water currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masses of ice floating in the open sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large deep body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drumlin" + ], + "it": [ + "collina morenica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound of glacial drift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dune", + "sand dune" + ], + "it": [ + "duna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Earth", + "earth", + "world", + "globe" + ], + "it": [ + "globo", + "terra", + "mondo", + "globo terrestre", + "Terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on" + ], + "it": [ + "terzo pianeta del sistema solare sul quale si svolge la vita dell’uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East China Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Pacific Ocean near eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ebro", + "Ebro River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northeastern Spain; flows into the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elbe", + "Elbe River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric dipole", + "electric doublet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dipole with equal and opposite electric charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electron", + "negatron" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with negative charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elementary particle", + "fundamental particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a particle that is less complex than an atom; regarded as constituents of all matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eliminator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that eliminates something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elizabeth River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short river in southeastern Virginia flowing between Norfolk and Portsmouth into Hampton Roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Libertador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Muerto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (21,457 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ember", + "coal" + ], + "it": [ + "brace", + "carbone", + "cinice", + "cinigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclosure", + "natural enclosure" + ], + "it": [ + "recinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally enclosed space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English Channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that forms a channel between France and Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enterolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculus occurring in the intestines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural covering (as by a fluid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epsilon Aurigae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest known star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eridanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Fornax and Cetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escarpment", + "scarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long steep slope or cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge; usually formed by erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a long winding ridge of post glacial gravel and other sediment; deposited by meltwater from glaciers or ice sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estuary" + ], + "it": [ + "estuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wide part of a river where it nears the sea; fresh and salt water mix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphrates", + "Euphrates River" + ], + "it": [ + "Eufrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southwestern Asia; flows into the Persian Gulf; was important in the development of several great civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasia" + ], + "it": [ + "Eurasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the land mass formed by the continents of Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th largest of Jupiter's satellites; covered with a smooth shell of frozen water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europe" + ], + "it": [ + "Europa", + "vecchio continente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evening star", + "Hesperus", + "Vesper" + ], + "it": [ + "stella della sera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planet (usually Venus) seen at sunset in the western sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Everest", + "Mount Everest", + "Mt. Everest" + ], + "it": [ + "Everest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal; the highest mountain peak in the world (29,028 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Everglades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large subtropical swamp in southern Florida that is noted for its wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "esosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost atmospheric layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expanse" + ], + "it": [ + "distesa", + "estensione", + "mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide and open space or area as of surface or land or sky" + ], + "it": [ + "vasta superficie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraterrestrial object", + "estraterrestrial body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural object existing outside the earth and outside the earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eyre", + "Lake Eyre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow salt lake in south central Australia about 35 feet below sea level; the largest lake in the country and the lowest point on the continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eyre Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula of southern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fallow" + ], + "it": [ + "maggese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivated land that is not seeded for one or more growing seasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatigue crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crack in metal resulting from metal fatigue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fault", + "faulting", + "geological fault", + "shift", + "fracture", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "faglia", + "paraclasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feeder", + "tributary", + "confluent", + "affluent" + ], + "it": [ + "affluente", + "confluente", + "immissario", + "influente", + "tributario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a branch that flows into the main stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fermion" + ], + "it": [ + "fermione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any particle that obeys Fermi-Dirac statistics and is subject to the Pauli exclusion principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment rubbed off by the use of a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fingal's Cave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cave with basaltic pillars on Staffa island in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the luminous center of a nuclear explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireball" + ], + "it": [ + "palla di fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ball of fire (such as the sun or a ball-shaped discharge of lightning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit whose floor is incandescent lava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandstone that withstands intense heat; used to line fireplaces and furnaces and kilns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow estuary (especially in Scotland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Firth of Clyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a firth on the southwestern coast of Scotland emptying into the North Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Firth of Forth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large firth on the east coast of Scotland and the estuary of the Forth River; location of Edinburgh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishpond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freshwater pond with fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixed star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any star in the Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fjord", + "fiord" + ], + "it": [ + "fiordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a red dwarf star in which luminosity can change several magnitudes in a few minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level tract of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flint", + "Flint River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Georgia that flows generally south to join the Chattahoochee River at the Florida border where they form the Apalachicola River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object that floats or is capable of floating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floodplain", + "flood plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low plain adjacent to a river that is formed chiefly of river sediment and is subject to flooding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom surface of any lake or other body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ground on which people and animals move about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower inside surface of any hollow structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flowage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of water that has been created by deliberately flooding an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foam", + "froth" + ], + "it": [ + "schiuma", + "spuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin layer or stratum of (especially metamorphic) rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fomite", + "vehicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any inanimate object (as a towel or money or clothing or dishes or books or toys etc.) that can transmit infectious agents from one person to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foothill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footwall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lower wall of an inclined fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ford", + "crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "guado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow area in a stream that can be forded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land forming the forward margin of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreshore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the seashore between the highwater mark and the low-water mark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forest", + "woodland", + "timberland", + "timber" + ], + "it": [ + "bosco", + "zona boscosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land that is covered with trees and shrubs" + ], + "it": [ + "grande estensione di terreno coperta di alberi d'alto fusto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fornax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Cetus and Phoenix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forth", + "Forth River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southern Scotland that flows eastward to the Firth of Forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fountain of Youth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fountain described in folk tales as able to make people young again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fox River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Wisconsin that flows into Lake Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fragment" + ], + "it": [ + "frammento", + "spezzatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a piece broken off or cut off of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free electron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electron that is not attached to an atom or ion or molecule but is free to move under the influence of an electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,654 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galilean satellite", + "Galilean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four satellites of Jupiter that were discovered by Galileo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallstone", + "bilestone" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo biliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculus formed in the gall bladder or its ducts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galveston Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Gulf of Mexico in Texas to the south of Houston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galway Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the North Atlantic on the west coast of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ganges", + "Ganges River" + ], + "it": [ + "Gange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river; rises in the Himalayas and flows east into the Bay of Bengal; a sacred river of the Hindus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gan Jiang", + "Kan River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeastern China that flows generally north into the Chang Jiang to the north of Nanchang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ganymede" + ], + "it": [ + "Ganimede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of Jupiter's satellites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garonne", + "Garonne River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in the Pyrenees and flows northwest to the Bay of Biscay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gasherbrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in northern Kashmir (26,470 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge boson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particle that mediates the interaction of two elementary particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gemini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere between Taurus and Cancer on the ecliptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mineralogy) a hollow rock or nodule with the cavity usually lined with crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geological formation", + "formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) the geological features of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geyser" + ], + "it": [ + "geyser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spring that discharges hot water and steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant star", + "giant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gila", + "Gila River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in western New Mexico and flows westward through southern Arizona to become a tributary of the Colorado River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glacial boulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boulder that has been carried by a glacier to a place far distant from its place of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glacier" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiacciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slowly moving mass of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globule" + ], + "it": [ + "globulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small globe or ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge boson that mediates strong interaction among quarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golden Gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait in western California that connects the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean; discovered in 1579 by Sir Francis Drake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gondwanaland" + ], + "it": [ + "Gondwana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical continent that (according to plate tectonic theory) broke up later into India and Australia and Africa and South America and Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gopher hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in the ground made by gophers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorge" + ], + "it": [ + "gola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep ravine (usually with a river running through it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gosainthan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in Tibet (26,290 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ], + "it": [ + "granello", + "grano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively small granular particle of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Canyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enormous gorge of the Colorado River in northern Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southern Michigan that flows northwest to empty into Lake Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Teton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in northwestern Wyoming; the highest peak in the Teton Range (13,766 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granule" + ], + "it": [ + "granulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graviton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge boson that mediates the (extremely weak) gravitational interactions between particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Attractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a massive grouping of galaxies in the direction of Centaurus and Hydra whose gravitational attraction is believed to cause deviations in the paths of other galaxies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Australian Bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide bay of the Indian Ocean in southern Australia; notorious for storms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Bear", + "Ursa Major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation outside the zodiac that rotates around the North Star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Barrier Reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest coral reef in the world; in the Coral Sea off the northeastern coast of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Dividing Range", + "Eastern Highlands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range running along the eastern coast of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Lakes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of five large, interconnected lakes in central North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Plains", + "Great Plains of North America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast prairie region extending from Alberta and Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada south through the west central United States into Texas; formerly inhabited by Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Rift Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "( geology) a depression in southwestern Asia and eastern Africa; extends from the valley of the Jordan River to Mozambique; marked by geological faults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Salt Lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow body of salt water in northwestern Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Slave Lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in the Northwest Territories in northwestern Canada; drained by the Mackenzie River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Smoky Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Appalachians between North Carolina and Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green", + "Green River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in western Wyoming and flows southward through Utah to become a tributary of the Colorado River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenland Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Arctic Ocean to the north of Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the Appalachian Mountains that extends from south to north through Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodlands in full leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material resulting from the process of grinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grotto", + "grot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cave (usually with attractive features)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grounds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dregs consisting of solid particles (especially of coffee) that form a residue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small iceberg or ice floe just large enough to be hazardous for shipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something grown or growing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grus", + "Crane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Phoenix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalupe Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in southern New Mexico and western Texas; the southern extension of the Sacramento Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guantanamo Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Caribbean Sea; a United States naval station was established on the bay in 1903" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulch", + "flume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow gorge with a stream running through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep wide chasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulf" + ], + "it": [ + "golfo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seashore of the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Aden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arm of the Indian Ocean at the entrance to the Red Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Alaska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gulf of the Pacific Ocean between the Alaska Peninsula and the Alexander Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Antalya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gulf of the Mediterranean Sea in southwestern Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Aqaba", + "Gulf of Akaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northeastern arm of the Red Sea; between the Sinai Peninsula (Egypt) and Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Bothnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northern arm of the Baltic Sea; between Sweden and Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of California", + "Sea of Cortes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gulf to the west of the mainland of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Campeche", + "Golfo de Campeche", + "Bay of Campeche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the Gulf of Mexico to the west of Yucatan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Carpentaria", + "Carpentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wide shallow inlet of the Arafura Sea in northern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Corinth", + "Gulf of Lepanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inlet of the Ionian Sea between central Greece and the Peloponnesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Finland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern arm of the Baltic Sea; between Finland and Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Guinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gulf off the southwest coast of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Martaban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Andaman Sea off southern Myanmar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Mexico", + "Golfo de Mexico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Atlantic to the south of the United States and to the east of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Ob", + "Bay of Ob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Kara Sea in western Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Oman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Arabian Sea connecting it with the Persian Gulf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Riga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Estonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Saint Lawrence", + "Gulf of St. Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the northwest Atlantic Ocean off the southeastern coast of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Sidra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wide inlet of the Mediterranean Sea on the north coast of Libya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Suez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a northwestern arm of the Red Sea linked to the Mediterranean by the Suez Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Tehuantepec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Pacific in southern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Thailand", + "Gulf of Siam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the South China Sea between Indochina and the Malay Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf of Venice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Adriatic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gully" + ], + "it": [ + "canale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep ditch cut by running water (especially after a prolonged downpour)" + ], + "it": [ + "solco, scanalatura sui fianchi dei monti formatisi per erosione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow channel or strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guyot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seamount of volcanic origin (especially in the Pacific Ocean)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hadron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any elementary particle that interacts strongly with other particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "many objects thrown forcefully through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairball", + "hair ball", + "trichobezoar" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "palla di pelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compact mass of hair that forms in the alimentary canal (especially in the stomach of animals as a result of licking fur)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hampton Roads" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel in southeastern Virginia through which the Elizabeth River and the James River flow into Chesapeake Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Handies Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado (14,048 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanging wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper wall of an inclined fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hangzhou Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay formed by an inlet of the East China Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foam or froth that accumulates at the top when you pour an effervescent liquid into a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded compact mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headstream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream that forms the source of a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hercules" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large constellation in the northern hemisphere between Lyra and Corona Borealis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterocyclic ring", + "heterocycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ring of atoms of more than one kind; especially a ring of carbon atoms containing at least one atom that is not carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highland", + "upland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevated (e.g., mountainous) land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high sea", + "international waters" + ], + "it": [ + "pelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the open seas of the world outside the territorial waters of any nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hill" + ], + "it": [ + "colle", + "collina", + "montuosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local and well-defined elevation of the land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hillside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side or slope of a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himalayas", + "Himalaya Mountains", + "Himalaya" + ], + "it": [ + "Himalaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range extending 1500 miles on the border between India and Tibet; this range contains the world's highest mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu Kush", + "Hindu Kush Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range extending to the west of the Himalayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hogback", + "horseback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow ridge of hills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "buco", + "foro", + "pertugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening into or through something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole", + "hollow" + ], + "it": [ + "buca", + "cavità", + "affossamento", + "cavernosità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression hollowed out of solid matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollow", + "holler" + ], + "it": [ + "valle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small valley between mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holystone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft sandstone used for scrubbing the decks of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood", + "cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protective covering that is part of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hook of Holland", + "Hoek van Holland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape on the southwestern coast of the Netherlands near Rotterdam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsepond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pond for watering horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ridge of the earth's crust that has been forced upward between two faults and so is higher than the surrounding land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot spring", + "thermal spring" + ], + "it": [ + "sorgente termale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural spring of water at a temperature of 70 F or above" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Housatonic", + "Housatonic River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in western Massachusetts and flows south through Connecticut to empty into Long Island Sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huang He", + "Hwang Ho", + "Yellow River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major river of Asia in northern China; flows generally eastward into the Yellow Sea; carries large quantities of yellow silt to its delta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huascaran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Peru (22,205 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubbard", + "Mount Hubbard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in southeastern Alaska that is part of the Coast Range (14,950 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson", + "Hudson River" + ], + "it": [ + "Hudson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inland sea in northern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estuary in central northeastern England formed by the Ouse River and the Trent River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunk", + "lump" + ], + "it": [ + "bel pezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large piece of something without definite shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydra", + "Snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near the equator stretching between Virgo and Cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen ion" + ], + "it": [ + "ione idrogeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a positively charged atom of hydrogen; that is to say, a normal hydrogen atomic nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "idrosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the watery layer of the earth's surface; includes water vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near the south celestial pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperon" + ], + "it": [ + "iperone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any baryon that is not a nucleon; unstable particle with mass greater than a neutron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the frozen part of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iceberg", + "berg" + ], + "it": [ + "iceberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mass of ice floating at sea; usually broken off of a polar glacier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icecap", + "ice cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of ice and snow that permanently covers a large area of land (e.g., the polar regions or a mountain peak)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "icefall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep part of a glacier resembling a frozen waterfall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large flat mass of ice (larger than an ice floe) floating at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice floe", + "floe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat mass of ice (smaller than an ice field) floating at sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mass of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iguazu", + "Iguazu Falls", + "Iguassu", + "Iguassu Falls", + "Victoria Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large waterfall on the border between Argentina and Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "IJssel", + "IJssel river" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in the central Netherlands flowing north to the IJsselmeer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "IJsselmeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow lake in northwestern Netherlands created in 1932 by building a dam across the entrance to the Zuider Zee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illampu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,870 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illimani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,201 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illinois River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Illinois that flows southwest to the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impairer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that impairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclined fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological fault in which one side is above the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inclusion body", + "cellular inclusion", + "inclusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index fossil", + "guide fossil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fossil known to have lived in a particular geologic age that can be used to date the rock layer in which it is found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian Ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd largest ocean; bounded by Africa on the west, Asia on the north, Australia on the east and merging with the Antarctic Ocean to the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indigirka", + "Indigirka River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in far eastern Siberia that flows generally northward to the Arctic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indirect transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transmission mechanism in which the infectious agent is transferred to the person by a fomite of vector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indumentum", + "indument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering of fine hairs (or sometimes scales) as on a leaf or insect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indus", + "Indus River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river that rises in Tibet and flows through northern India and then southwest through Kashmir and Pakistan to the Arabian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Telescopium and Tucana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inessential", + "nonessential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is not essential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infectious agent", + "infective agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent capable of producing infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the planets whose orbit lies inside the earth's orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingrowth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that grows inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inland Passage", + "Inside Passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naturally protected waterway from Seattle to Skagway in southeastern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inland Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Pacific Ocean in southern Japan; surrounded by the islands of Honshu and Shikoku and Kyushu and linked to the Sea of Japan by a narrow channel; the chief port is Hiroshima" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inlet", + "recess" + ], + "it": [ + "ansa", + "insenatura", + "sacca", + "seno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm off of a larger body of water (often between rocky headlands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inside track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner side of a curved racecourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermediate vector boson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gauge boson that mediates weak interactions between particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interplanetary dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopic particles in the interplanetary medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interplanetary gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rarefied flow of gas and charged particles (plasma) that stream from the sun and form the solar wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interplanetary medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interplanetary space including forms of energy and gas and dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstellar medium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interstellar space including streams of protons moving from the stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock produced by an intrusive process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Io" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the closest of Jupiter's moons; has active volcanoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ion" + ], + "it": [ + "ione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a particle that is electrically charged (positive or negative); an atom or molecule or group that has lost or gained one or more electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionian Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "Ionio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Mediterranean Sea between western Greece and southern Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the North Atlantic between Great Britain and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron filing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment of iron rubbed off by the use of a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irrawaddy", + "Irrawaddy River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main river of Myanmar rising in the north and flowing south through the length of Burma to empty into the Andaman Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irtish", + "Irtish River", + "Irtysh", + "Irtysh River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river that rises in the Altai Mountains in northern China and flows generally northwest to become a tributary of the Ob River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isere", + "Isere River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeastern France; a tributary of the Rhone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "island" + ], + "it": [ + "isola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isle", + "islet" + ], + "it": [ + "isoletta", + "isolotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isthmus" + ], + "it": [ + "istmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively narrow strip of land (with water on both sides) connecting two larger land areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmus of Corinth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow isthmus between the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf; a canal crosses the isthmus so that navigation is possible between the gulfs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmus of Kra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow isthmus linking the Malay Peninsula to the Asian mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmus of Panama", + "Isthmus of Darien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the isthmus that connects Central America and South America; was formerly called the Isthmus of Darien" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmus of Suez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the isthmus in northeastern Egypt that connects Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isthmus of Tehuantepec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the narrowest part of southern Mexico is an isthmus between the Bay of Campeche on the north coast and the Gulf of Tehuantepec on the south coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp projection on an edge or surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "James River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in North Dakota and flows southward across South Dakota to the Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "James River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Virginia that flows east into Chesapeake Bay at Hampton Roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the southern extension of Hudson Bay in Canada between western Quebec and northeastern Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan Trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in the floor of the Pacific Ocean to the northeast of Japan that reaches depths of 30,000 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jebel Musa", + "Abila", + "Abyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promontory in northern Morocco opposite the Rock of Gibraltar; one of the Pillars of Hercules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordan", + "Jordan River" + ], + "it": [ + "Giordano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Palestine that empties into the Dead Sea; John the Baptist baptized Jesus in the Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jovian planet", + "gas giant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the four outermost planets in the solar system; much larger than Earth and gaseous in nature (like Jupiter)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "J particle", + "psi particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutral meson with a large mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter" + ], + "it": [ + "Giove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest planet and the 5th from the sun; has many satellites and is one of the brightest objects in the night sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "K2", + "Godwin Austen", + "Mount Godwin Austen", + "Dapsang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Karakoram Range in northern Kashmir; the 2nd highest peak in the world (28,250 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in northern India (25,450 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kanawha", + "Kanawha River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Ohio River in West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kanchenjunga", + "Mount Kanchenjunga", + "Kanchanjanga", + "Kinchinjunga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and Tibet (28,208 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansas", + "Kansas River", + "Kaw River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northeastern Kansas; flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaon", + "kappa-meson", + "k-meson", + "K particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unstable meson produced as the result of a high-energy particle collision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karakoram", + "Karakoram Range", + "Karakorum Range", + "Mustagh", + "Mustagh Range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northern Kashmir; an extension of the Hindu Kush; contains the 2nd highest peak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kara Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Arctic Ocean to the north of Siberia and to the east of the Barents Sea; icebound most of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karelian Isthmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the isthmus between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga that connects Finland and Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kasai", + "Kasai River", + "River Kasai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of southwestern Africa that rises in central Angola and flows east and then north (forming part of the border between Angola and Congo) and continuing northwest through Congo to empty into the Congo River on the border between Congo and Republic of the Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kattegatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait of the North Sea between Jutland and Sweden; connects with the North Sea through the Skagerrak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kettle hole", + "kettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a hollow (typically filled by a lake) that results from the melting of a mass of ice trapped in glacial deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keuka Lake", + "Lake Keuka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacial lake in central New York; one of the Finger Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key", + "cay", + "Florida key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coral reef off the southern coast of Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khyber Pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain pass of great strategic and commercial value in the Hindu Kush on the border between northern Pakistan and western Afghanistan; a route by which invaders entered India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidney stone", + "urinary calculus", + "nephrolith", + "renal calculus" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolo renale", + "nefrolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a calculus formed in the kidney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kilimanjaro", + "Mount Kilimanjaro" + ], + "it": [ + "Kilimangiaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest peak in Africa; located in northeastern Tanzania; 19,340 feet high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kissimmee", + "Kissimmee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of central Florida that flows southward to Lake Okeechobee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kivu", + "Lake Kivu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in the mountains of central Africa between Congo and Rwanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klamath", + "Klamath River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river flowing southwest from Oregon through northern California to the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knoll", + "mound", + "hillock", + "hummock", + "hammock" + ], + "it": [ + "clivo", + "dosso", + "poggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small natural hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kodiak", + "Kodiak Island" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an island off southern Alaska in the Gulf of Alaska; site of the first European settlement in the area which was founded by the Russians in 1784" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kopje", + "koppie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hill rising up from the African veld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korea Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Yellow Sea between the Liaodong Peninsula in China and western Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean Strait", + "Korea Strait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait between Korea and Japan; connects the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuiper belt", + "Edgeworth-Kuiper belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disk-shaped region of minor planets outside the orbit of Neptune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuiper belt object", + "KBO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of many minor planets in the Kuiper belt outside the orbit of Neptune at the edge of the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kunlun", + "Kunlan Shan", + "Kunlun Mountains", + "Kuenlun", + "Kuenlun Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in western China that extends eastward from the Indian border for 1000 miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kura", + "Kura River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Asia; rises in northeast Turkey and flows to the Caspian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrador-Ungava Peninsula", + "Labrador Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsular region of eastern Canada between Hudson Bay and the Labrador Sea; contains most of Quebec and the mainland part of Newfoundland and Labrador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrador Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the northern Atlantic between Labrador and southern Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lagoon", + "laguna", + "lagune" + ], + "it": [ + "laguna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of water cut off from a larger body by a reef of sand or coral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake" + ], + "it": [ + "lago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land" + ], + "it": [ + "massa d'acqua circondata dalla terra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Albert", + "Lake Albert Nyanza", + "Mobuto Lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow lake on the border between Uganda and Congo in the Great Rift Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Aral", + "Aral Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake to the east of the Caspian Sea lying between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lake bed", + "lake bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom of a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Chad", + "Chad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in north central Africa; fed by the Shari river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Champlain", + "Champlain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in northeastern New York, northwestern Vermont and southern Quebec; site of many battles in the French and Indian War and in the American Revolution and in the War of 1812" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Edward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in the Great Rift Valley between Congo and Uganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Erie", + "Erie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 4th largest of the Great Lakes; it is linked to the Hudson River by the New York State Barge Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lakefront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land bordering a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Geneva", + "Lake Leman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake between southwestern Switzerland and France that is crossed from east to west by the Rhone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Huron", + "Huron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 2nd largest of the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Ilmen", + "Ilmen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in northwestern Russia; drains through the Volkhov River into Lake Ladoga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Ladoga", + "Ladoga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in northwestern Russia to the north of St. Petersburg; the largest lake in Europe; drains through the Neva River into the Gulf of Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Michigan", + "Michigan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 3rd largest of the Great Lakes; the largest freshwater lake entirely within the United States borders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Nasser", + "Nasser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lake in Egypt formed by dams built on the Nile River at Aswan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Nyasa", + "Lake Malawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long lake in southeastern Africa between Tanzania, Mozambique, and Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Onega", + "Onega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lake in northwestern Russia near the border with Finland; second largest lake in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Ontario", + "Ontario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest of the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lakeside", + "lakeshore" + ], + "it": [ + "lungolago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shore of a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake St. Clair", + "Lake Saint Clair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake between Ontario and Michigan; connected with Lake Huron and Lake Erie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Superior", + "Superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest freshwater lake in the world; the deepest of the Great Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Tana", + "Lake Tsana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in northern Ethiopia; the largest lake in Ethiopia and the source of the Blue Nile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Tanganyika", + "Tanganyika" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest lake in the world in central Africa between Tanzania and Congo in the Great Rift Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Urmia", + "Urmia", + "Daryacheh-ye Orumiyeh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow saline lake in northwestern Iran between Tabriz and the western border of Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Vanern", + "Vanern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in southwestern Sweden; the largest lake in Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lake Victoria", + "Victoria Nyanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest lake in Africa and the 2nd largest fresh water lake in the world; a headwaters reservoir for the Nile River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lambda particle", + "lambda hyperon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrically neutral baryon with isotopic spin 1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land", + "dry land", + "earth", + "ground", + "solid ground", + "terra firma" + ], + "it": [ + "terra", + "terra ferma", + "terraferma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solid part of the earth's surface" + ], + "it": [ + "la superficie terrestre che emerge dalle acque, in contrapposizione al mare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land", + "ground", + "soil" + ], + "it": [ + "terra", + "terreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use)" + ], + "it": [ + "porzione di territorio più o meno estesa, coltivata o coltivabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landfall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seacoast first sighted on a voyage (or flight over water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landfill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low area that has been filled in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landmass", + "land mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large continuous extent of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laptev Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Arctic Ocean to the north of Siberia (between the Taimyr Peninsula and the New Siberian Islands) that is icebound most of the year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Large Magellanic Cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larger of the two Magellanic Clouds visible from the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lascaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cave in southwestern France that contains Paleolithic paintings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foam resulting from excessive sweating (as on a horse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laudo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (20,997 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurasia" + ], + "it": [ + "Laurasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical continent that (according to plate tectonic theory) broke up later into North America and Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ledge", + "shelf" + ], + "it": [ + "cengia", + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lees" + ], + "it": [ + "feccia", + "fondaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sediment from fermentation of an alcoholic beverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lehigh River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Pennsylvania that flows southeast into the Delaware River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lena", + "Lena River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian river in Siberia; flows northward into the Laptev Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zodiacal constellation in northern hemisphere between Cancer and Virgo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepton" + ], + "it": [ + "leptone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle that participates in weak interactions; has a baryon number of 0" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Orion and Columba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lethal agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent capable of causing death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lethe", + "River Lethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a river in Hades; the souls of the dead had to drink from it, which made them forget all they had done and suffered when they were alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lhotse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (27,890 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liaodong Peninsula", + "Liaodong Bandao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peninsula in northeastern China that extends into the Yellow Sea, between Bo Hai and Korea Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small faint zodiacal constellation in the southern hemisphere; between Virgo and Scorpius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ligurian Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Mediterranean between northwest Italy and Corsica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow lagoon near the mouth of a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Limpopo", + "Crocodile River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African river; flows into the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liposomal delivery vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transducing vector that uses liposomes to carry the gene of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithosphere", + "geosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "litosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Bear", + "Ursa Minor" + ], + "it": [ + "trioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation outside the zodiac that rotates around the North Star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Bighorn", + "Little Bighorn River", + "Little Horn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that flows from northern Wyoming into the Bighorn River in southern Montana; site of Custer's Last Stand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Dipper", + "Dipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of seven stars in Ursa Minor; at the end of the dipper's handle is Polaris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Missouri", + "Little Missouri River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northeastern Wyoming and flows through Montana and South Dakota to join the Missouri River in North Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Sioux River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in southwestern Minnesota and flows southwestward to the Missouri River in western Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Wabash", + "Little Wabash River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Illinois that flows southeastward to the Wabash River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "llano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extensive grassy and nearly treeless plain (especially in Latin America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Llano Estacado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large semiarid plateau forming the southern part of the Great Plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Llullaillaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,057 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish word for a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow inlet of the sea in Scotland (especially when it is nearly landlocked)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loch Achray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in central Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loch Linnhe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean on the western coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loch Ness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in the Scottish highlands; the largest body of fresh water in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodestar", + "loadstar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guiding star; a star that is used as a reference point in navigation or astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Logan", + "Mount Logan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the St. Elias Range in the southwestern Yukon Territory in Canada (19,850 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loire", + "Loire River" + ], + "it": [ + "Loira" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest French river; rises in the Massif Central and flows north and west to the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loire Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the valley of the Loire River where many French wines originated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long chain", + "long-chain molecule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) a relatively long chain of atoms in a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Long Island Sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sound between Long Island and Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish word for a lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow (nearly landlocked) cove in Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lower California", + "Baja California" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous peninsula on northwest Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the deeper part of the mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lower Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of northern Michigan between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowland" + ], + "it": [ + "bassa", + "bassopiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low level country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunar crater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crater on the Earth's Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lupus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Centaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the northern hemisphere near Cygnus and Draco; contains the star Vega" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat-bottomed volcanic crater that was formed by an explosion; often filled with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mackenzie", + "Mackenzie River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Canadian river; flows into the Beaufort Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mackerel sky" + ], + "it": [ + "cielo a pecorelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sky filled with rows of cirrocumulus or small altocumulus clouds" + ], + "it": [ + "cielo con cirrocumuli o altocumuli, in masse arrotondate e con l'azzurro visibile negli interstizi." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madeira", + "Madeira River" + ], + "it": [ + "Madera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Brazilian river; tributary of the Amazon River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magdalena", + "Magdalena River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in the Andes mountains in southwestern Colombia and flows generally northward to empty into the Caribbean Sea at Barranquilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magellanic Cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two small galaxies orbiting the Milky Way; visible near the south celestial pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic dipole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dipole with opposing magnetic poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic monopole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical particle with a single magnetic pole instead of the usual two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "main", + "briny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any very large body of (salt) water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainland" + ], + "it": [ + "continente", + "terra ferma", + "terraferma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Makalu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in Nepal (27,790 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of the earth between the crust and the core" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare", + "maria" + ], + "it": [ + "mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon" + ], + "it": [ + "vasta zona pianeggiante della superficie lunare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare clausum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(closed sea) a navigable body of water under the jurisdiction of a single nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare liberum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(free sea) a navigable body of water to which all nations have equal access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare nostrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(our sea) the Mediterranean to the ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mare's tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow flowing cirrus cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marmara", + "Sea of Marmara", + "Marmara Denizi", + "Marmora", + "Sea of Marmora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inland sea in northwestern Turkey; linked to the Black Sea by the Bosporus and linked to the Aegean by the Dardanelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mars", + "Red Planet" + ], + "it": [ + "Marte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh", + "marshland", + "fen", + "fenland" + ], + "it": [ + "acquitrino", + "maremma", + "palude", + "pantano", + "zona paludosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass" + ], + "it": [ + "massa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body of matter without definite shape" + ], + "it": [ + "quantità più o meno grande di materia, unita in un solo blocco informe o comunque considerata un tutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachusetts Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean off of eastern Massachusetts extending from Cape Ann on the north to Cape Cod on the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massif" + ], + "it": [ + "massiccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a block of the earth's crust bounded by faults and shifted to form peaks of a mountain range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massif Central" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountainous plateau in southern France that covers almost one sixth of the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass that is densely tangled or interwoven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragments of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enclosure within which something originates or develops (from the Latin for womb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matterhorn" + ], + "it": [ + "Cervino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Alps on the border between Switzerland and Italy (14,780 feet high); noted for its distinctive shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McKinley", + "Mount McKinley", + "Mt. McKinley", + "Denali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in south central Alaska; the highest peak in North America (20,300 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meander" + ], + "it": [ + "ansa", + "meandro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bend or curve, as in a stream or river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanism" + ], + "it": [ + "meccanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural object resembling a machine in structure or function" + ], + "it": [ + "un oggetto naturale che per struttura e funzioni assomiglia ad una macchina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean", + "Mediterranean Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest inland sea; between Europe and Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mekong", + "Mekong River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river; flows through a large delta in southern Vietnam into the South China Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menai Strait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait in northern Wales between Anglesey Island and the mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendenhall Glacier", + "Great Mendenhall Glacier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacier of the Piedmont type near Juneau in Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere and containing part of the Large Magellanic Cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercedario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,210 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercury" + ], + "it": [ + "Mercurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small pond of standing water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merrimack", + "Merrimack River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in south central New Hampshire and flows through Concord and Manchester into Massachusetts and empties into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesa", + "table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flat tableland with steep edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesabi Range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of hills in northeastern Minnesota where rich iron ore deposits were discovered in 1887" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meson", + "mesotron" + ], + "it": [ + "mesone", + "mesotrone", + "muone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "mesosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmospheric layer between the stratosphere and the thermosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metal filing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment of metal rubbed off by the use of a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorite" + ], + "it": [ + "meteorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stony or metallic object that is the remains of a meteoroid that has reached the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteoroid", + "meteor" + ], + "it": [ + "meteorite", + "meteoroide", + "uranolite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) any of the small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteor swarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of meteoroids with similar paths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meuse", + "Meuse River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river; flows into the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micelle" + ], + "it": [ + "micella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrically charged particle built up from polymeric molecules or ions and occurring in certain colloidal electrolytic solutions like soaps and detergents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microfossil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fossil that must be studied microscopically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micrometeorite", + "micrometeoroid", + "micrometeor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meteorite or meteoroid so small that it drifts down to earth without becoming intensely heated in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microscopium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Sagittarius and Capricornus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mid-Atlantic Ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very long narrow elevation on the ocean floor that runs all the way from Iceland in the North Atlantic to Bouvet Island in the South Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midstream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle of a stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mid-water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the water that is well below the surface but also well above the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milk", + "Milk River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in the Rockies in northwestern Montana and flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milky Way", + "Milky Way Galaxy", + "Milky Way System" + ], + "it": [ + "galassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the galaxy containing the solar system; consists of millions of stars that can be seen as a diffuse band of light stretching across the night sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millpond" + ], + "it": [ + "bottaccio", + "gora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pond formed by damming a stream to provide a head of water to turn a mill wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minamata Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay on the west coast of Kyushu; in the 1950s industrial wastes caused mercury poisoning among the Japanese people who ate fish from Minamata Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor planet", + "planetoid" + ], + "it": [ + "asteroide", + "pianetino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small celestial bodies that move around the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mire", + "quagmire", + "quag", + "morass", + "slack" + ], + "it": [ + "braco", + "brago", + "melma", + "mota", + "palta", + "pantano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks underfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mississippi", + "Mississippi River" + ], + "it": [ + "Mississippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major North American river and the chief river of the United States; rises in northern Minnesota and flows southward into the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri", + "Missouri River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest river in the United States; arises in Montana and flows southeastward to become a tributary of the Mississippi at Saint Louis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobile", + "Mobile River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southwestern Alabama; flows into Mobile Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobile Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the Gulf of Mexico; fed by the Mobile River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohawk River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of central New York that flows southeastward to the Hudson River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohorovicic discontinuity", + "Moho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boundary between the Earth's crust and the underlying mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molehill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mound of earth made by moles while burrowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological formation in which all strata are inclined in the same direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monongahela", + "Monongahela River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northern West Virginia and flows north into Pennsylvania where it joins the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh to form the Ohio River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mont Blanc", + "Monte Bianco" + ], + "it": [ + "Monte Bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest mountain peak in the Alps; on the border between France and Italy to the south of Geneva (15,781 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monterey Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Pacific Ocean in western California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon" + ], + "it": [ + "luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any natural satellite of a planet" + ], + "it": [ + "il satellite della terra", + "qualsiasi satellite naturale di un pianeta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moon", + "moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural satellite of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object resembling a moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moor", + "moorland" + ], + "it": [ + "brughiera", + "landa", + "landra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open land usually with peaty soil covered with heather and bracken and moss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moraine" + ], + "it": [ + "morena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulated earth and stones deposited by a glacier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moray Firth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the North Sea on the northeast coast of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moreau River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in western South Dakota and flows eastward to the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moreton Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Tasman Sea forming a bay to the east of Brisbane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morning star", + "daystar", + "Phosphorus", + "Lucifer" + ], + "it": [ + "stella del mattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonspecific agent that imparts motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain", + "mount" + ], + "it": [ + "montagna", + "monte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill" + ], + "it": [ + "una massa di terra che sporge notevolmente rispetto ai suoi dintorni", + "piu` alta di una collina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the summit of a mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountainside", + "versant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fianco della montagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the side or slope of a mountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Bartle Frere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest mountain peak in Queensland, Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Carmel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northwestern Israel near the Mediterranean coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mount Elbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest peak in the Rocky Mountains in central Colorado (14,431 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse nest", + "mouse's nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where mice bear and raise their young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "foce", + "sfocio", + "bocca", + "sbocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the point where a stream issues into a larger body of water" + ], + "it": [ + "punto in cui un fiume si immette in mare, in un lago o in un altro fiume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "imboccatura", + "imbocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening that resembles a mouth (as of a cave or a gorge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozambique Channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Indian Ocean between Madagascar and southeastern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puddle of mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term used in Scottish names of promontories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiple star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a system of three or more stars associated by gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muon", + "negative muon", + "mu-meson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with a negative charge and a half-life of 2 microsecond; decays to electron and neutrino and antineutrino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murray", + "Murray River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a southeast Australian river; flows westward and then south into the Indian Ocean at Adelaide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murrumbidgee", + "Murrumbidgee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of southeastern Australia; flows westward into the Murray River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near the Southern Cross and Chamaeleon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "must" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a necessary or essential thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutagen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muztag", + "Muztagh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highest mountain peak in the Kunlun Shan in China; near the Indian border (23,891 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nacimiento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,302 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nacreous cloud", + "mother-of-pearl cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a luminous iridescent cloud at a high altitude that may be seen when the sun is a few degrees below the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namoi", + "Namoi River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeastern Australia that flows generally northwest to join the Darling River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nan", + "Nan River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of western Thailand flowing southward to join the Ping River to form the Chao Phraya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanda Devi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in northern India (25,660 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanga Parbat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Himalayas in Kashmir (26,660 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nan Ling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in southeastern China running generally east to west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nares Deep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in the floor of the Atlantic Ocean to the north of Haiti and Puerto Rico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Narragansett Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep inlet of the Atlantic Ocean in Rhode Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow strait connecting two bodies of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural depression", + "depression" + ], + "it": [ + "avvallamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sunken or depressed geological formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural elevation", + "elevation" + ], + "it": [ + "elevazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a raised or elevated geological formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physical universe considered as an orderly system subject to natural (not human or supernatural) laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natural physical world including plants and animals and landscapes etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebula" + ], + "it": [ + "nebula", + "nebulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space" + ], + "it": [ + "un insieme di sistemi stellari" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necessity", + "essential", + "requirement", + "requisite", + "necessary" + ], + "it": [ + "necessità", + "necessario", + "occorrente", + "esigenza", + "fabbisogno", + "bisognevole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything indispensable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow elongated projecting strip of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neckar", + "Neckar River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Germany; rises in the Black Forest and flows north into the Rhine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "need", + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "bisogna", + "bisogno", + "necessità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that is necessary but lacking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighbor", + "neighbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nearby object of the same kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neosho", + "Neosho River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in eastern Kansas and flows eastward into Oklahoma to become a tributary of the Arkansas River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neptune" + ], + "it": [ + "Nettuno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a giant planet with a ring of ice particles; the 8th planet from the sun is the most remote of the gas giants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neritic zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ocean waters from the low tide mark to a depth of about 100 fathoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ], + "it": [ + "nido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutrino" + ], + "it": [ + "neutrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with zero charge and zero mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutron" + ], + "it": [ + "neutrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton; enters into the structure of the atomic nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutron star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star that has collapsed under its own gravity; it is composed of neutrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neva", + "Neva River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northwestern Russia flowing generally west into the Gulf of Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of a glacier (beyond the limit of perpetual snow) where the snow turns to ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in the southeastern United States that flows northward from North Carolina to West Virginia where it empties into the Kanawha River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New York Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the North Atlantic; fed by the Hudson River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niagara", + "Niagara River" + ], + "it": [ + "Niagara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river flowing from Lake Erie into Lake Ontario; forms boundary between Ontario and New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niagara", + "Niagara Falls" + ], + "it": [ + "Niagara", + "cascate del Niagara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waterfall in Canada is the Horseshoe Falls; in the United States it is the American Falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nest in which spiders or insects deposit their eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niger", + "Niger River" + ], + "it": [ + "Niger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African river; flows into the South Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nile", + "Nile River" + ], + "it": [ + "Nilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the world's longest river (4150 miles); flows northward through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean; the Nile River valley in Egypt was the site of the world's first great civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nimbus", + "nimbus cloud", + "rain cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "nembo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark grey cloud bearing rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niobrara", + "Niobrara River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nodule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mineralogy) a small rounded lump of mineral substance (usually harder than the surrounding rock or sediment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Lupus and Ara in the Milky Way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normal fault", + "gravity fault", + "common fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclined fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward relative to the footwall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North America" + ], + "it": [ + "America del Nord", + "Nord America" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continent (the third largest) in the western hemisphere connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Atlantic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the Atlantic Ocean to the north of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Channel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait between Northern Ireland and Scotland that connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cluster of 5 bright stars forming a cross in the constellation Cygnus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Pacific" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "19,370 feet high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Platte", + "North Platte River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northern Colorado and flows northward into Wyoming and then eastward and southeastward through Nebraska where it joins the South Platte to form the Platte River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the North Atlantic between the British Isles and Scandinavia; oil was discovered under the North Sea in 1970" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the Atlantic that lies off the Norwegian coast to the north of the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nova" + ], + "it": [ + "nova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and become more luminous in the process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nub", + "stub" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzicone", + "pezzetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nubbin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small nub (especially an undeveloped fruit or ear of corn)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleon" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constituent (proton or neutron) of an atomic nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleus" + ], + "it": [ + "nucleo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the positively charged dense center of an atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nugget" + ], + "it": [ + "pepita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solid lump of a precious metal (especially gold) as found in the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ravine or gully in southern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuptse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the central Himalayas on the border of Tibet and Nepal (25,726 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ob", + "Ob River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major river of western Siberia; flows generally northward and westward to the Gulf of Ob and the Kara Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliterator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eliminator that does away with all traces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean floor", + "sea floor", + "ocean bottom", + "seabed", + "sea bottom", + "Davy Jones's locker", + "Davy Jones" + ], + "it": [ + "fondale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bottom of a sea or ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oceanfront" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land bordering an ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Octans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the constellation that includes the southern celestial pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oder", + "Oder River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river; flows into the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the sea that can be seen from the shore and is beyond the anchoring area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohio", + "Ohio River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that is formed in western Pennsylvania and flows westward to become a tributary of the Mississippi River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil-water interface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interface forming the boundary between the non-miscible liquids oil and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ojos del Salado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,572 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Okeechobee", + "Lake Okeechobee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in southeast Florida to the north of the Everglades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Okefenokee Swamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large swampy area of northeast Florida and southeast Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Faithful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geyser in Yellowstone National Park that erupts for about 4 minutes about every 65 minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olduvai Gorge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gorge in northeastern Tanzania where anthropologists have found some of the earliest human remains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympus", + "Mount Olympus", + "Mt. Olympus", + "Olimbos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in northeast Greece near the Aegean coast; believed by ancient Greeks to be the dwelling place of the gods (9,570 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omega Centauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a global cluster in the constellation Centaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of atoms in a molecule whose ends are not joined to form a ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opening", + "gap" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "intervallo", + "spazio vuoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open or empty space in or between things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ophiuchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large constellation in the equatorial region between Hercules and Scorpius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orange", + "Orange River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in South Africa that flows generally westward to the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ore bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stratum of ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orinoco", + "Orinoco River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American river 1,500 miles long; flows into the South Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orion", + "Hunter" + ], + "it": [ + "Orione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation on the equator to the east of Taurus; contains Betelgeuse and Rigel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osage", + "Osage River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Missouri that is a tributary of the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osaka Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the western Pacific in southern Honshu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Outaouais", + "Ottawa", + "Ottawa river" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeastern Canada that flows along the boundary between Quebec and Ontario to the Saint Lawrence River near Montreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ouachita", + "Ouachita River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in western Arkansas and flows southeast into eastern Louisiana to become a tributary of the Red River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ouse", + "Ouse River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northeastern England that flows generally southeastward to join the Trent River and form the Humber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outcrop", + "outcropping", + "rock outcrop" + ], + "it": [ + "affioramento", + "cappellaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of a rock formation that appears above the surface of the surrounding land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outer planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a major planet whose orbit is outside the asteroid belt (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outthrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outcropping of rock that extends outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overburden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a U-shaped curve in a stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the land inside an oxbow bend in a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxbow lake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crescent-shaped lake (often temporary) that is formed when a meander of a river is cut off from the main channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ozarks", + "Ozark Mountains", + "Ozark Plateau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of low mountains in northwestern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri and northeastern Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozone hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area of the ozone layer (near the poles) that is seasonally depleted of ozone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozone layer", + "ozonosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "fascia d'ozono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer in the stratosphere (at approximately 20 miles) that contains a concentration of ozone sufficient to block most ultraviolet radiation from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific", + "Pacific Ocean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest ocean in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific Coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coast of the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack ice", + "ice pack" + ], + "it": [ + "banchiglia", + "banchisa", + "ice field", + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large expanse of floating ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pallas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large asteroid; the second asteroid to be discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallasite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meteorite composed principally of olivine and metallic iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pamir Mountains", + "the Pamirs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in central Asia that is centered in Tajikistan but extends into Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan and Pakistan and western China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pangaea", + "Pangea" + ], + "it": [ + "Pangea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(plate tectonics) a hypothetical continent including all the landmass of the earth prior to the Triassic period when it split into Laurasia and Gondwanaland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Para", + "Para River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estuary in northern Brazil into which the Tocantins River flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parana", + "Parana River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American river; tributary of Rio de la Plata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paring", + "sliver", + "shaving" + ], + "it": [ + "riccio", + "tornitura", + "truciolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin fragment or slice (especially of wood) that has been shaved from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parnaiba", + "Parnahiba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northeastern Brazil that flows generally northward to the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parnassus", + "Mount Parnassus", + "Liakoura" + ], + "it": [ + "Parnaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mountain in central Greece where (according to Greek mythology) the Muses lived; known as the mythological home of music and poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part", + "piece" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a portion of a natural object" + ], + "it": [ + "una porzione di un oggetto naturale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particle", + "subatomic particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a body having finite mass and internal structure but negligible dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "mountain pass", + "notch" + ], + "it": [ + "passo", + "valico", + "colle", + "porta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the location in a range of mountains of a geological formation that is lower than the surrounding peaks" + ], + "it": [ + "luogo di passaggio da un versante all'altro di un rilievo montuoso, in corrispondenza di una depressione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "path", + "track", + "course" + ], + "it": [ + "rotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line or route along which something travels or moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paulo Afonso", + "Paulo Afonso Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major waterfall in northeastern Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation near the South Pole between Tucana and Ara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pearl River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Mississippi that flows southward to the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pebble" + ], + "it": [ + "ciottolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small smooth rounded rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pecos", + "Pecos River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Rio Grande that flows southeastward from New Mexico through western Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pee Dee", + "Pee Dee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that flows through central North Carolina and northeastern South Carolina to the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pegasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pegaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere near Andromeda and Pisces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peneplain", + "peneplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more or less level land surface representing an advanced stage of erosion undisturbed by crustal movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peninsula" + ], + "it": [ + "penisola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mass of land projecting into a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penobscot", + "Penobscot River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central Maine flowing into Penobscot Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penobscot Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Atlantic in eastern Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perforation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole made in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perejil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small uninhabited Mediterranean islet claimed by both Morocco and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permafrost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ground that is permanently frozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Perseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conspicuous constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Auriga and Cassiopeia and crossed by the Milky Way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian Gulf", + "Arabian Gulf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow arm of the Arabian Sea between Iran and the Arabian peninsula; the Persian Gulf oil fields are among the most productive in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrifaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock created by petrifaction; an organic object infiltrated with mineral matter and preserved in its original form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phobos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the larger of the two satellites of Mars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Tucana and Sculptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoelectron" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoelettrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electron that is emitted from an atom or molecule by an incident photon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photon" + ], + "it": [ + "fotone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quantum of electromagnetic radiation; an elementary particle that is its own antiparticle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photosphere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intensely luminous surface of a star (especially the sun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pictor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Dorado and Columba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piedmont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gentle slope leading from the base of a mountain to a region of flat land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piedmont glacier", + "Piedmont type of glacier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of glaciation characteristic of Alaska; large valley glaciers meet to form an almost stagnant sheet of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pike's Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Rockies in central Colorado (14,109 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pillars of Hercules" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the two promontories at the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar; according to legend they were formed by Hercules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an area planted with pine trees or related conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ping", + "Ping River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Thailand; a major tributary of the Chao Phraya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pion", + "pi-meson" + ], + "it": [ + "pione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meson involved in holding the nucleus together; produced as the result of high-energy particle collision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large faint zodiacal constellation; between Aquarius and Aries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pissis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,241 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "cavity" + ], + "it": [ + "buca", + "fossa", + "infossamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alluvial deposit that contains particles of some valuable mineral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beach at a seaside resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plain", + "field", + "champaign" + ], + "it": [ + "pianura", + "campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extensive tract of level open land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planet", + "major planet" + ], + "it": [ + "pianeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto in order of their proximity to the sun; viewed from the constellation Hercules, all the planets rotate around the sun in a counterclockwise direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any celestial body (other than comets or satellites) that revolves around a star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetary nebula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nebula that was once thought to be a star with its planets but is now thought to be a very hot star surrounded by an expanding envelope of ionized gases that emit a fluorescent glow because of intense radiation from the star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planetesimal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of many small solid celestial bodies thought to have existed at an early stage in the development of the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasmid", + "plasmid DNA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate", + "crustal plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid layer of the Earth's crust that is believed to drift slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platte", + "Platte River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Nebraska that flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleiades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star cluster in the constellation Taurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluto" + ], + "it": [ + "Plutone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small planet and the farthest known planet from the sun; it has the most elliptical orbit of all the planets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Po", + "Po River" + ], + "it": [ + "Po" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river; flows into the Adriatic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pobeda Peak", + "Pobedy Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Tien Shan mountains in northern India (24,406 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a promontory extending out into a large body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polar glacier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacier near the Arctic or Antarctic poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i85999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polaris", + "North Star", + "pole star", + "polar star", + "polestar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Ursa Minor; at the end of the handle of the Little Dipper; the northern axis of the earth points toward it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-lying land that has been reclaimed and is protected by dikes (especially in the Netherlands)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pollux" + ], + "it": [ + "Polluce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Gemini; close to Castor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polynya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stretch of open water surrounded by ice (especially in Arctic seas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond", + "pool" + ], + "it": [ + "laghetto", + "stagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool", + "puddle" + ], + "it": [ + "pozza", + "pozzanghera", + "troscia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small body of standing water (rainwater) or other liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positron", + "antielectron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with positive charge; interaction of a positron and an electron results in annihilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothole", + "chuckhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit or hole produced by wear or weathering (especially in a road surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potomac", + "Potomac River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in the east central United States; rises in West Virginia in the Appalachian Mountains and flows eastward, forming the boundary between Maryland and Virginia, to the Chesapeake Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poyang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in central China that is connected to the Chang Jiang by a canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipice" + ], + "it": [ + "anfratto", + "burrato", + "burrone", + "dirupamento", + "dirupato", + "dirupo", + "greppo", + "grotto", + "precipizio", + "scarpata", + "scoscendimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very steep cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(microbiology) an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid; thought to be the agent responsible for scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the nervous system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(microbiology) a hypothetical infectious particle thought to be the cause of scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system; consists of nucleic acid in a protective coat of host cell proteins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Canis Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promontory", + "headland", + "head", + "foreland" + ], + "it": [ + "promontorio", + "punta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural elevation (especially a rocky one that juts out into the sea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protein molecule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any large molecule containing chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proton" + ], + "it": [ + "protone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proxima", + "Proxima Centauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nearest star to the sun; distance: 4.3 light years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prudhoe Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay on the northern coast of Alaska where oil was discovered in 1968" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that has been pruned off of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ptyalith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculus in a salivary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puget Sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the North Pacific in northwestern Washington State" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp", + "mush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any soft or soggy mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulsar" + ], + "it": [ + "pulsar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a degenerate neutron star; small and extremely dense; rotates very fast and emits regular pulses of polarized radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puppis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere between Vela and Canis Major that shaped like the stern of a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purus", + "Purus River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Brazilian river; tributary of the Amazon River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrenees" + ], + "it": [ + "Pirenei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chain of mountains between France and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere near Puppis and Antlia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quaoar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planetoid discovered in 2002" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quark" + ], + "it": [ + "quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) hypothetical truly fundamental particle in mesons and baryons; there are supposed to be six flavors of quarks (and their antiquarks), which come in pairs; each has an electric charge of +2/3 or -1/3" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quasar", + "quasi-stellar radio source" + ], + "it": [ + "quasar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a starlike object that may send out radio waves and other forms of energy; many have large red shifts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queen Charlotte Sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inlet of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickener", + "invigorator", + "enlivener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that gives or restores life or vigor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quicksand" + ], + "it": [ + "sabbie mobili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit filled with loose wet sand into which objects are sucked down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit burrow", + "rabbit hole" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tana di coniglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole in the ground as a nest made by wild rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiator" + ], + "it": [ + "radiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object that radiates energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object that radiates radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow" + ], + "it": [ + "arcobaleno", + "iride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rakaposhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Karakoram Range in northern Kashmir (25,560 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range", + "mountain range", + "range of mountains", + "chain", + "mountain chain", + "chain of mountains" + ], + "it": [ + "catena di montagne", + "catena montuosa", + "giogaia", + "gruppo montuoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of hills or mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rangeland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land suitable for grazing livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranier", + "Mount Ranier", + "Mt. Ranier", + "Mount Tacoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in central Washington; highest peak in the Cascade Range; (14,410 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapid" + ], + "it": [ + "rapida", + "rapide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a river where the current is very fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rappahannock", + "Rappahannock River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that flows across eastern Virginia into the Tidewater region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rathole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hole (as in the wall of a building) made by rats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravine" + ], + "it": [ + "forra", + "gorgia", + "vallone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red", + "Red River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Mississippi River that flows eastward from Texas along the southern boundary of Oklahoma and through Louisiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red dwarf", + "red dwarf star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small, old, relatively cool star; approximately 100 times the mass of Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red giant", + "red giant star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large, old, luminous star; has a relatively low surface temperature and a diameter large relative to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long arm of the Indian Ocean between northeast Africa and Arabia; linked to the Mediterranean at the north end by the Suez Canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef" + ], + "it": [ + "banco", + "barriera", + "frangente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Leo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relaxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that produces relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geological feature that is a remnant of a pre-existing formation after other parts have disappeared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remains" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzo", + "resto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any object that is left unused or still extant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repressor", + "represser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that represses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Republican", + "Republican River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservoir", + "source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything (a person or animal or plant or substance) in which an infectious agent normally lives and multiplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restriction fragment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fragment of DNA that is produced by cleaving DNA with a restriction enzyme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retardant", + "retardent", + "retardation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that retards or delays or hinders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reticulum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Dorado and Hydrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhine", + "Rhine River", + "Rhein" + ], + "it": [ + "Reno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major European river carrying more traffic than any other river in the world; flows into the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodope Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe; extends along the border between Greece and Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhone", + "Rhone River" + ], + "it": [ + "Rodano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major French river; flows into the Mediterranean near Marseilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribbon", + "thread" + ], + "it": [ + "nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long object resembling a thin line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ], + "it": [ + "costone", + "cresta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow natural elevation or striation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge", + "ridgeline" + ], + "it": [ + "catena", + "cordigliera", + "dorsale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow range of hills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow natural elevation on the floor of the ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow fissure in rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gap between cloud masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rift valley" + ], + "it": [ + "fossa tettonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valley with steep sides; formed by a rift in the earth's crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rigel", + "Beta Orionis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Orion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small channel (as one formed by soil erosion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rio de la Plata", + "La Plata", + "Plata River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an estuary between Argentina and Uruguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rio Grande", + "Rio Bravo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American river; boundary between the United States and Mexico; flows into Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip", + "rent", + "snag", + "split", + "tear" + ], + "it": [ + "rottura", + "sdrucitura", + "stracciatura", + "strappo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening made forcibly as by pulling apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riparian forest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodlands along the banks of stream or river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripple mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a series of small ridges produced in sand by water currents or by wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river" + ], + "it": [ + "fiume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)" + ], + "it": [ + "corso d'acqua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riverbank", + "riverside" + ], + "it": [ + "lungofiume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bank of a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riverbed", + "river bottom" + ], + "it": [ + "alveo", + "letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a river" + ], + "it": [ + "solco in cui scorrono le acque di un fiume o di un torrente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "river boulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boulder that has been carried by a river to a place remote from its place of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivulet", + "rill", + "run", + "runnel", + "streamlet" + ], + "it": [ + "rigagnolo", + "rivo", + "rivolo", + "ruscello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock", + "stone" + ], + "it": [ + "nocciolo", + "osso", + "sasso", + "pietra", + "roccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rockies", + "Rocky Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief mountain range of western North America; extends from British Columbia to northern New Mexico; forms the continental divide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inner top surface of a covered area or hollow space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the course along which communications spread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the southern Pacific Ocean in Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long continuous strip (usually running horizontally)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruhr", + "Ruhr River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Rhine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rushmore", + "Mount Rushmore", + "Mt. Rushmore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Black Hills of South Dakota; the likenesses of Washington and Jefferson and Lincoln and Roosevelt are carved on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell's body", + "cancer body" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inclusion body found in plasma cells in cases of cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saale", + "Saale River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in central Germany and flows north to join the Elbe River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabine", + "Sabine River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Texas that flows south into the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacramento Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mountain range in New Mexico to the east of the Rio Grande" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacramento River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern California rising near Mount Shasta and flowing south to the San Francisco Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddleback", + "saddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass or ridge that slopes gently between two peaks (is shaped like a saddle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the northern hemisphere between Cygnus and Aquila and crossed by the Milky Way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittarius" + ], + "it": [ + "Sagittario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large zodiacal constellation in the southern hemisphere; between Scorpius and Capricornus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Francis", + "Saint Francis River", + "St. Francis", + "St. Francis River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Mississippi River that rises in Missouri and flows southeastward through Arkansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint John", + "Saint John River", + "St. John", + "St. John River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in Maine and flows northeastward through New Brunswick to empty into the Bay of Fundy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Johns", + "Saint Johns River", + "St. Johns", + "St. Johns River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northeastern Florida that flows northward to Jacksonville and then eastward to empty into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint Lawrence", + "Saint Lawrence River", + "St. Lawrence", + "St. Lawrence River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American river; flows into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the North Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sajama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,391 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmon", + "Salmon River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Snake River in Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt flat", + "salt plain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flat expanse of salt left by the evaporation of a body of salt water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt lick", + "lick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salt deposit that animals regularly lick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt marsh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-lying wet land that is frequently flooded with saltwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salton Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saltwater lake in southeastern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltpan" + ], + "it": [ + "salina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shallow basin in a desert region; contains salt and gypsum that was deposited by an evaporated salt lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sambre", + "Sambre River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Europe that rises in northern France and flows generally east into Belgium where it joins the Meuse at Namur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sample" + ], + "it": [ + "campione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Andreas Fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major geological fault in California; runs from San Diego to San Francisco; the source of serious earthquakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbank" + ], + "it": [ + "banco di sabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a submerged bank of sand near a shore or in a river; can be exposed at low tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbar", + "sand bar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bar of sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Diego Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the Pacific in southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandpit" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cava di sabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large pit in sandy ground from which sand is dug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Fernando Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fertile valley in southern California to the north of Los Angeles; includes many residential communities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Francisco Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the Pacific in western California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitary landfill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low area where waste is buried between layers of earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Joaquin River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central California that rises in the Sierra Nevada and flows northwest to form a large delta with the Sacramento River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Joaquin Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast valley in central California known for its rich farmland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Juan Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hill in eastern Cuba (near Santiago de Cuba) that was captured during the Spanish-American War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Juan Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in southwestern Colorado that is part of the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sao Francisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Brazil flowing into the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saone", + "Saone River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern France; rises in Lorraine and flows south to become the chief tributary of the Rhone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sargasso Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast area of the North Atlantic from the West Indies to the Azores that is dense with gulfweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saronic Gulf", + "Gulf of Aegina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gulf of the Aegean on the southeastern coast of Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite" + ], + "it": [ + "satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any celestial body orbiting around a planet or star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent capable of producing satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturn" + ], + "it": [ + "Saturno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a giant planet that is surrounded by three planar concentric rings of ice particles; the 6th planet from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savannah", + "Savannah River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in South Carolina that flows southeast to the Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawpit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pit over which lumber is positioned to be sawed by two men with a long two-handed saw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sayan Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mountains in southern Siberia to the west of Lake Baikal; contain important mineral deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scablands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) flat elevated land with poor soil and little vegetation that is scarred by dry channels of glacial origin (especially in eastern Washington)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "scurf", + "exfoliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scheldt", + "Scheldt River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in France and flows northeast across Belgium and empties into the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sparkling glittering particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpius", + "Scorpio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large zodiacal constellation between Libra and Sagittarius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scraping" + ], + "it": [ + "raschiatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a fragment scraped off of something and collected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sculptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint constellation in the southern hemisphere near Phoenix and Cetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scurf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a covering that resembles scales or bran that covers some plant parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea" + ], + "it": [ + "mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land" + ], + "it": [ + "l’insieme delle acque salate che circondano i continenti e le isole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seamount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underwater mountain rising above the ocean floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sea of Azov", + "Sea of Azof", + "Sea of Azoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bay of the Black Sea between Russia and the Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sea of Japan", + "East Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Pacific between China and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sea of Okhotsk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Pacific to the east of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seashore", + "coast", + "seacoast", + "sea-coast" + ], + "it": [ + "marina", + "riva", + "riva del mare", + "costa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shore of a sea or ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seaside", + "seaboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shore of a sea or ocean regarded as a resort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very thin slice (of tissue or mineral or other substance) for examination under a microscope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sediment", + "deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "deposito", + "posatura", + "sedimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "matter that has been deposited by some natural process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sedna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planetoid of rock and ice about three-quarters the size of Pluto discovered in 2003; the most distant object known to orbit around the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segment" + ], + "it": [ + "segmento", + "spicchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the parts into which something naturally divides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seif dune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long and tall sand dune with a sharp crest; common in the Sahara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seine", + "Seine River" + ], + "it": [ + "Senna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French river that flows through the heart of Paris and then northward into the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selkirk Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the Rocky Mountains in southeastern British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seneca Lake", + "Lake Seneca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glacial lake in central New York; the largest of the Finger Lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serpens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the equatorial region of the northern hemisphere near Ophiuchus and Corona Borealis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sete Quedas", + "Guaira", + "Guaira Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great waterfall on the border between Brazil and Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seven seas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal expression for all of the oceans of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Severn", + "River Severn", + "Severn River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in England and Wales flowing into the Bristol Channel; the longest river in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Severn", + "Severn River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Ontario that flows northeast into Hudson Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seyhan", + "Seyhan River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish river flowing south southwest into the Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matted tangle of hair or fiber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shari", + "Shari River", + "Chari", + "Chari River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African river that flows northwest into Lake Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shasta", + "Mount Shasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volcanic mountain peak in the Cascade Range in northern California (14,162 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shenandoah River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of northern Virginia that empties into the Potomac at Harpers Ferry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherman", + "Mount Sherman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peak in the Rocky Mountains in central Colorado (14,036 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet" + ], + "it": [ + "lastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any broad thin expanse or surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelf ice", + "ice shelf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ice that is attached to land but projects out to sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid covering that envelops an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell", + "eggshell" + ], + "it": [ + "coque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the exterior covering of a bird's egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shenandoah Valley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large valley between the Allegheny Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains in northern Virginia; site of numerous battles during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherwood Forest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient forest in central England; formerly a royal hunting ground; said to be the home of Robin Hood and his merry band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that shines (with emitted or reflected light)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoal", + "shallow" + ], + "it": [ + "basso fondo", + "bassofondo", + "secca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stretch of shallow water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore" + ], + "it": [ + "costa", + "riva", + "sponda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the land along the edge of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore boulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boulder found on a shore remote from its place of origin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoreline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boundary line between land and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that shortens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sialolith", + "salivary calculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone formed in the salivary gland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siderite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meteorite consisting principally of nickel and iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sierra" + ], + "it": [ + "serra", + "sierra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Madre Occidental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northwestern Mexico that runs south from Arizona parallel to the Pacific coastline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Madre Oriental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northeastern Mexico the runs parallel to the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Nevada", + "Sierra Nevada Mountains", + "High Sierra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in eastern California; contains Mount Whitney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Nevada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in southern Spain along the Mediterranean coast to the east of Granada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a flat (usually horizontal) mass of igneous rock between two layers of older sedimentary rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silva", + "sylva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the forest trees growing in a country or region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinai", + "Mount Sinai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the southern Sinai Peninsula (7,500 feet high); it is believed to be the peak on which Moses received the Ten Commandments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinkhole", + "sink", + "swallow hole" + ], + "it": [ + "inghiottitoio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depression in the ground communicating with a subterranean passage (especially in limestone) and formed by solution or by collapse of a cavern roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sirius", + "Dog Star", + "Canicula", + "Sothis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in the sky; in Canis Major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skagens Odde", + "Skaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cape on the northernmost tip of Jutland between the Skagerrak and the Kattegatt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skagerrak", + "Skagerak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a broad strait of the North Sea between Jutland and Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski slope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a snow-covered slope for skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin layer covering the surface of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sky" + ], + "it": [ + "cielo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth" + ], + "it": [ + "vuoto al di sopra della superficie terrestre che, dalla terra, appare come una volta in cui si muovono gli astri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack", + "slack water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stretch of water without current or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open tract of land in a forest that is strewn with debris from logging (or fire or wind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice" + ], + "it": [ + "fetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin flat piece cut off of some object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit" + ], + "it": [ + "apertura", + "fenditura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow fissure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slope", + "incline", + "side" + ], + "it": [ + "china", + "costa", + "declivio", + "declività", + "fianco", + "inclinazione", + "pendenza", + "pendice", + "pendio", + "versante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elevated geological formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trail of an animal (especially a deer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any outer covering that can be shed or cast off (such as the cast-off skin of a snake)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stagnant swamp (especially as part of a bayou)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough" + ], + "it": [ + "pantano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hollow filled with mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Small Magellanic Cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smaller of the two Magellanic Clouds visible from the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snake", + "Snake River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Columbia River that rises in Wyoming and flows westward; discovered in 1805 by the Lewis and Clark Expedition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covering of snow (as on a mountain peak)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowdrift" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cumulo di neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mass of snow heaped up by the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowfield" + ], + "it": [ + "nevaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a permanent wide expanse of snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bubble formed by a thin soap film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapsuds", + "suds", + "lather" + ], + "it": [ + "saponata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the froth produced by soaps or detergents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sun with the celestial bodies that revolve around it in its gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait of the English Channel between the coast of Hampshire and the Isle of Wight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solway Firth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large firth on the west coast of Britain between England and Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large ocean inlet or deep bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South America" + ], + "it": [ + "Sudamerica", + "America del Sud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a continent in the western hemisphere connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Atlantic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the Atlantic Ocean to the south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South China Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical arm of the Pacific Ocean near southeastern Asia subject to frequent typhoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern Cross", + "Crux", + "Crux Australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small conspicuous constellation in the southern hemisphere in the Milky Way near Centaurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Pacific" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the Pacific Ocean to the south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Platte", + "South Platte River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Platte River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any sea to the south of the equator (but especially the South Pacific)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Sea Islands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any islands in the southern or southwestern of central parts of the Pacific Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spall", + "spawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragment broken off from the edge or face of stone or ore and having at least one thin edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark" + ], + "it": [ + "favilla", + "scintilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small fragment of a burning substance thrown out by burning material or by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in Virgo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit", + "tongue" + ], + "it": [ + "lingua di terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow strip of land that juts out into the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin sliver of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splinter", + "sliver" + ], + "it": [ + "gretola", + "scaglia", + "scheggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small thin sharp bit or wood or glass or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lengthwise crack in wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoor" + ], + "it": [ + "orma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trail left by a person or an animal; what the hunter follows in pursuing game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring", + "fountain", + "outflow", + "outpouring", + "natural spring" + ], + "it": [ + "fonte", + "polla", + "scaturigine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural flow of ground water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foam or froth on the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalactite" + ], + "it": [ + "stalattite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylinder of calcium carbonate hanging from the roof of a limestone cave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalagmite" + ], + "it": [ + "stalagmite", + "stalammite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylinder of calcium carbonate projecting upward from the floor of a limestone cave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star" + ], + "it": [ + "astro", + "stella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior" + ], + "it": [ + "corpo celeste caratterizzato da emissione di luce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any celestial body visible (as a point of light) from the Earth at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep place (as on a hill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Elias Range", + "St. Elias Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of mountains between Alaska and the Yukon territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steppe" + ], + "it": [ + "steppa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepping stone" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stone in a marsh or shallow water that can be stepped on in crossing" + ], + "it": [ + "pietra di un guado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the course along which a person has walked or is walking in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterope", + "Asterope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the stars in the star cluster Pleiades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "nube temporalesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy dark cloud presaging rain or a storm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an open chain of atoms with no side chains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strait", + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "stretto", + "bocca", + "passaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water" + ], + "it": [ + "stretto braccio di mare che collega due bacini contigui" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Georgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait separating Vancouver Island from the Canadian mainland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Gibraltar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait between Spain and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Hormuz", + "Strait of Ormuz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strategically important strait linking the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Magellan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait separating South America from Tierra del Fuego and other islands to the south of the continent; discovered by Ferdinand Magellan in 1520; an important route around South America before the Panama Canal was built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Messina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait separating Sicily from the tip of Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strait of Dover", + "Strait of Calais", + "Pas de Calais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strait between the English Channel and the North Sea; shortest distance between England and the European continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strand" + ], + "it": [ + "arenile", + "piaggia", + "riva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poetic term for a shore (as the area periodically covered and uncovered by the tides)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strange particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elementary particle with non-zero strangeness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strange quark", + "squark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quark with an electric charge of -1/3 and a mass 988 times that of an electron and a strangeness of -1" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "stratosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmospheric layer between the troposphere and the mesosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratus", + "stratus cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "strato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large dark low cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream", + "watercourse" + ], + "it": [ + "corso d'acqua", + "ruscello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streambed", + "creek bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stressor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that causes stress to an organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and unbroken expanse or distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike-slip fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological fault in which one of the adjacent surfaces appears to have moved horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "cosmic string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) a hypothetical one-dimensional subatomic particle having a concentration of energy and the dynamic properties of a flexible loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively long narrow piece of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub" + ], + "it": [ + "ceppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short piece remaining on a trunk or stem where a branch is lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Styx", + "River Styx" + ], + "it": [ + "Stige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a river in Hades across which Charon carried dead souls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcontinent" + ], + "it": [ + "subcontinente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and distinctive landmass (as India or Greenland) that is a distinct part of some continent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun", + "Sun" + ], + "it": [ + "Sole", + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system" + ], + "it": [ + "la stella attorno alla quale gravitano i corpi celesti del sistema solare", + "è sorgente di luce e calore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun" + ], + "it": [ + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any star around which a planetary system revolves" + ], + "it": [ + "qualunque stella attorno alla quale esiste un sistema planetario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sun River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Montana that flows south and east to join the Missouri River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supergiant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely bright star of very large diameter and low density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the planets whose orbit lies outside the earth's orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernatant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the clear liquid that lies above a sediment or precipitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernova" + ], + "it": [ + "supernova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superstring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical particle that is the elementary particle in a theory of space-time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface", + "Earth's surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost level of the land or sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suriname River", + "Surinam River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Suriname that flows northward to the Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Susquehanna", + "Susquehanna River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in the northeastern United States that rises in New York and flows southward through Pennsylvania and Maryland into Chesapeake Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low area (especially a marshy area between ridges)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp", + "swampland" + ], + "it": [ + "acquitrino", + "lama", + "palude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swath", + "belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a path or strip (as cut by one course of mowing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded elevation (especially one on an ocean floor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimming hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small body of water (usually in a creek) that is deep enough to use for swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tableland", + "plateau" + ], + "it": [ + "acrocoro", + "altipiano", + "altopiano", + "pianoro", + "plateau", + "tavolato", + "tavoliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively flat highland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taconic Mountains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the Appalachian Mountains along the eastern border of New York with Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tagus", + "Tagus River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river; flows into the North Atlantic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Takakkaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterfall in southeastern British Columbia; the highest waterfall in Canada (1250 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tallapoosa", + "Tallapoosa River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river that rises in northwestern Georgia and flows southwest through central Alabama to join the Coosa River near Montgomery and form the Alabama River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talus", + "scree" + ], + "it": [ + "ghiaione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sloping mass of loose rocks at the base of a cliff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tampa Bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Gulf of Mexico in west central Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tangle" + ], + "it": [ + "aggrovigliamento", + "avviluppamento", + "garbuglio", + "groppo", + "groviglio", + "imbroglio", + "intrico", + "inviluppamento", + "inviluppo", + "viluppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain lake (especially one formed by glaciers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tar pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural accumulation of bitumens at the surface of the earth; often acts as a trap for animals whose bones are thus preserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tartar", + "calculus", + "tophus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasman Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the southern Pacific Ocean between southeastern Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tauon", + "tau-minus particle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lepton of very great mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere near Orion; between Aries and Gemini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telescopium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Ara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tennessee", + "Tennessee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river formed by the confluence of two other rivers near Knoxville; it follows a U-shaped course to become a tributary of the Ohio River in western Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a web that resembles a tent or carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teratogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent that interferes with normal embryonic development: alcohol or thalidomide or X-rays or rubella are examples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrace", + "bench" + ], + "it": [ + "terrazzamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a level shelf of land interrupting a declivity (with steep slopes above and below)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrestrial planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planet having a compact rocky surface like the Earth's; the four innermost planets in the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorial waters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the waters surrounding a nation and its territories over which that nation exercises sovereign jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teton Range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in northwest Wyoming; contains the Grand Teton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thames", + "River Thames", + "Thames River" + ], + "it": [ + "Tamigi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest river in England; flows eastward through London to the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermion" + ], + "it": [ + "termoione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrically charged particle (electron or ion) emitted by a substance at a high temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "termosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmospheric layer between the mesosphere and the exosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust fault", + "overthrust fault", + "reverse fault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological fault in which the upper side appears to have been pushed upward by compression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rounded projecting mass of a cumulus cloud with shining edges; often appears before a thunderstorm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiber", + "Tevere" + ], + "it": [ + "Tevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river of central Italy; flows through Rome to the Tyrrhenian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal basin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basin that is full of water at high tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidal river", + "tidewater river", + "tidal stream", + "tidewater stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream in which the effects of the tide extend far upstream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tideland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land near the sea that is overflowed by the tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidewater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-lying coastal land drained by tidal streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tideway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel in which a tidal current runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tien Shan", + "Tyan Shan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major mountain range of central Asia; extends 1,500 miles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tigris", + "Tigris River" + ], + "it": [ + "Tigri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian river; a tributary of the Euphrates River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timor Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the eastern Indian Ocean between Timor and northern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tirich Mir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Hindu Kush in Pakistan (25,230 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest of the satellites of Saturn; has a hazy nitrogen atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tocantins", + "Tocantins River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Brazil that flows generally north to the Para River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tombigbee", + "Tombigbee River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in northeastern Mississippi and flows southward through western Alabama to join the Alabama River and form the Mobile River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top quark", + "truth quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical quark with a charge of +2/3 and a mass more than 100,000 times that of an electron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high rocky hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent rock or pile of rocks on a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torres Strait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strait between northeastern Australia and southern New Guinea that connects the Coral Sea with the Arafura Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a track or mark left by something that has passed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transducing vector", + "gene delivery vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vector for delivering genes into cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmission mechanism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mechanism whereby an infectious agent is spread from a reservoir to a human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Transylvanian Alps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a range of the southern Carpathian Mountains extending across central Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trapezium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a multiple star in the constellation of Orion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest (or part of a forest) where trees are grown for commercial use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench", + "deep", + "oceanic abyss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trent", + "River Trent", + "Trent River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central England that flows generally northeastward to join with the Ouse River and form the Humber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triangulum", + "Triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small northern constellation near Perseus between Andromeda and Aries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triangulum Australe", + "Southern Triangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small bright constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near Circinus and Apus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinity River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in eastern Texas that is formed near Dallas and flows generally southeastward to Galveston Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest moon of Neptune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trondheim Fjord", + "Trondheim Fiord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long narrow inlet of the Norwegian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tropopause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the region of discontinuity between the troposphere and the stratosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troposphere" + ], + "it": [ + "troposfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest atmospheric layer; from 4 to 11 miles high (depending on latitude)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tucana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large faint constellation in the southern hemisphere containing most of the Small Magellanic Cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tugela", + "Tugela Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major waterfall in southern Africa; has more than one leap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tundra" + ], + "it": [ + "tundra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vast treeless plain in the Arctic regions where the subsoil is permanently frozen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunguska", + "Lower Tunguska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that arises to the north of Lake Baikal and flows north and west to the Yenisei River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunguska", + "Stony Tunguska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Siberia that flows northwest to become a tributary of the Yenisei River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupungato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,310 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turf", + "sod", + "sward", + "greensward" + ], + "it": [ + "piota", + "tappeto erboso", + "zolla erbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shaving created when something is produced by turning it on a lathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight zone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest level of the ocean to which light can reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Twin", + "Twin Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterfall in the Snake River in southern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinkler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object that emits or reflects light in an intermittent flickering manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrolean Alps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a popular tourist area in the Tyrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyne", + "River Tyne", + "Tyne River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northern England that flows east to the North Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrrhenian Sea" + ], + "it": [ + "Tirreno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the Mediterranean between Italy and the islands of Corsica and Sardinia and Sicily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulugh Muztagh", + "Ulugh Muz Tagh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Kunlun range in China (25,340 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uncompahgre Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest peak in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado (14,309 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit", + "building block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unit cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the smallest group of atoms or molecules whose repetition at regular intervals in three dimensions produces the lattices of a crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "United States waters", + "U.S. waters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "territorial waters included within a distance of 12 nautical miles of the coasts of the United States and its territories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universe", + "existence", + "creation", + "world", + "cosmos", + "macrocosm" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmo", + "creato", + "macrocosmo", + "mondo", + "universo", + "natura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "everything that exists anywhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uphill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upward slope of a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upper mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the upper part of the mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upper Peninsula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peninsula between Lake Superior and Lake Michigan that forms the northwestern part of Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "up quark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stable quark with an electric charge of +2/3 and a mass 607 times that of an electron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urals", + "Ural Mountains" + ], + "it": [ + "Urali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain range in western Russia extending from the Arctic to the Caspian Sea; forms part of the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uranus" + ], + "it": [ + "Urano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a giant planet with a ring of ice particles; the 7th planet from the sun has a blue-green color and many satellites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a urinary stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urubupunga", + "Urubupunga Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterfall in the Parana river in Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguay River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a South American river that arises in southern Brazil and flows south to the Rio de la Plata; the northern section forms the boundary between Argentina and Brazil and the southern section forms the boundary between Argentina and Uruguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagabond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that resembles a vagabond in having no fixed place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valence electron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electron in the outer shell of an atom which can combine with other atoms to form molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valley", + "vale" + ], + "it": [ + "conca", + "vallata", + "valle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variable" + ], + "it": [ + "variabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that is likely to vary; something that is subject to variation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variable star", + "variable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star that varies noticeably in brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector", + "transmitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vector-borne transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indirect transmission of an infectious agent that occurs when a vector bites or touches a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest star in the constellation Lyra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vehicle-borne transmission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indirect transmission of an infectious agent that occurs when a vehicle (or fomite) touches a person's body or is ingested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein", + "mineral vein" + ], + "it": [ + "filone", + "vena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layer of ore between layers of rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the southern hemisphere between Carina and Pyxis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent", + "volcano" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus" + ], + "it": [ + "Venere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second nearest planet to the sun; it is peculiar in that its rotation is slow and retrograde (in the opposite sense of the Earth and all other planets except Uranus); it is visible from Earth as an early `morning star' or an `evening star'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brightest asteroid but the fourth to be discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that covers or cloaks like a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vetluga", + "Vetluga River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in central Russia; flows generally southward into the Volga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria", + "Victoria Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waterfall in the Zambezi River on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia; diminishes seasonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viral delivery vector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transducing vector that uses a retrovirus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large zodiacal constellation on the equator; between Leo and Libra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vistula", + "Vistula River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a European river; flows into the Baltic Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near Dorado and Carina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanic crater", + "crater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcano" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain formed by volcanic material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volga", + "Volga River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian river; the longest river in Europe; flows into the Caspian Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volkhov", + "Volkhov River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northwestern Russia flowing generally north into Lake Ladoga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in Ghana that flows south to the Bight of Benin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vulpecula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a constellation in the northern hemisphere near Cygnus and Sagitta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wabash", + "Wabash River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Ohio River that rises in western Ohio and flows southwestward across Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wadi" + ], + "it": [ + "uadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gully or streambed in northern Africa and the Middle East that remains dry except during rainy season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ], + "it": [ + "muro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything that suggests a wall in structure or function or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vertical (or almost vertical) smooth rock face (as of a cave or mountain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a puddle where animals go to wallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rock immediately adjacent to a vein or fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warren", + "rabbit warren" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of connected underground tunnels occupied by rabbits" + ], + "it": [ + "serie di cunicoli sotteranei in cui vivono i conigli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "dry wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dry bed of an intermittent stream (as at the bottom of a canyon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wasp's nest", + "wasps' nest", + "hornet's nest", + "hornets' nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitation for wasps or hornets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercourse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "natural or artificial channel through which water flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterfall", + "falls" + ], + "it": [ + "cascata", + "cataratta", + "cateratta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steep descent of the water of a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass in a mountain ridge through which a stream flows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water hole" + ], + "it": [ + "pozza d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural hole or hollow containing water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land bordering a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water system" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river and all of its tributaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water table", + "water level", + "groundwater level" + ], + "it": [ + "livello idrostatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underground surface below which the ground is wholly saturated with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterway" + ], + "it": [ + "idrovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a navigable body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that which weakens or causes a loss of strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakly interacting massive particle", + "WIMP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical subatomic particle of large mass that interacts weakly with ordinary matter through gravitation; postulated as a constituent of the dark matter of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webbing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something forming a web (as between the toes of birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weddell Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arm of the south Atlantic in Antarctica to the east of the Antarctic Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weisshorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain in the Alps in Switzerland (14,804 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weser", + "Weser River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in northwestern Germany that flows northward to the North Sea near Bremerhaven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wetland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low area where the land is saturated with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheeler Peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in northeastern New Mexico in the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whinstone", + "whin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various hard colored rocks (especially rocks consisting of chert or basalt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "White River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Mississippi River that flows southeastward through northern Arkansas and southern Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white dwarf", + "white dwarf star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint star of enormous density" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White Nile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a headstream of the Nile; joins the Blue Nile at Khartoum to form the Nile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White Sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large inlet of the Barents Sea in the northwestern part of European Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white water", + "whitewater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frothy water as in rapids or waterfalls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitney", + "Mount Whitney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest peak in the Sierra Nevada range in California (14,494 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wight", + "Isle of Wight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an isle and county of southern England in the English Channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilderness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wooded region in northeastern Virginia near Spotsylvania where bloody but inconclusive battles were fought in the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Willamette", + "Willamette River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in western Oregon that flows north into the Columbia River near Portland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Mount Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peak in the San Juan mountains of Colorado (14,246 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind gap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pass in a mountain ridge with no stream flowing through it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opening that resembles a window in appearance or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windward Passage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a channel between eastern Cuba and western Haiti that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Caribbean Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winnipeg", + "Lake Winnipeg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lake in southern Canada in Manitoba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wisconsin", + "Wisconsin River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Mississippi River in Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonderland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a place or scene of great or strange beauty or wonder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "world" + ], + "it": [ + "mondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of the earth that can be considered separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil trail of a worm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hole made by a burrowing worm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xenolith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(geology) a piece of rock of different origin from the igneous rock in which it is embedded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yalu", + "Yalu River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "river in eastern Asia; rises in North Korea and flows southwest to Korea Bay (forming part of the border between North Korea and China)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chang Jiang", + "Changjiang", + "Chang", + "Yangtze", + "Yangtze River", + "Yangtze Kiang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the longest river of Asia; flows eastward from Tibet into the East China Sea near Shanghai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yazoo", + "Yazoo River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river that rises in west central Mississippi and flows southwest to empty into the Mississippi River above Vicksburg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yellow Sea", + "Huang Hai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the Pacific off the east coast of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yellowstone", + "Yellowstone River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tributary of the Missouri River that flows through the Yellowstone National Park" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yenisei", + "Yenisei River", + "Yenisey", + "Yenisey River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian river in Siberia; rises in mountains near the Mongolian border and flows generally northward into the Kara Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yerupaja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,709 feet high)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yosemite", + "Yosemite Falls" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of waterfalls in Yosemite National Park in California; is reduced to a trickle for part of each year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yukon", + "Yukon River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American river that flows westward from the Yukon Territory through central Alaska to the Bering Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zambezi", + "Zambezi River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African river; flows into the Indian Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zhu Jiang", + "Canton River", + "Chu Kiang", + "Pearl River" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a river in southeast China that flows into the South China Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zuider Zee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former inlet of the North Sea in the northern coast of the Netherlands; sealed off from the sea in 1932 by a dam that created the IJsselmeer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imaginary being", + "imaginary creature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creature of the imagination; a person that exists only in legends or myths or fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical creature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creature that has not been observed but is hypothesized to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extraterrestrial being", + "extraterrestrial", + "alien" + ], + "it": [ + "ET", + "alieno", + "extraterrestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of life assumed to exist outside the Earth or its atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythical being" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary being of myth or fable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augeas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the mythical Greek king who for 30 years did not clean his stables which contained his vast herd of cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcyone", + "Halcyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a woman who was turned into a kingfisher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arjuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hindu mythology) the warrior prince in the Bhagavad-Gita to whom Krishna explains the nature of being and of God and how humans can come to know God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legendary creature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monster that is unverifiable but popularly accepted as possibly factual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abominable snowman", + "yeti" + ], + "it": [ + "yeti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large hairy humanoid creature said to live in the Himalayas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bigfoot", + "Sasquatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large hairy humanoid creature said to live in wilderness areas of the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demogorgon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mysterious and terrifying deity of the underworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doppelganger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ghostly double of a living person that haunts its living counterpart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loch Ness monster", + "Nessie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large aquatic animal supposed to resemble a serpent or plesiosaur of Loch Ness in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea serpent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huge creature of the sea resembling a snake or dragon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bogeyman", + "bugbear", + "bugaboo", + "boogeyman", + "booger" + ], + "it": [ + "babau", + "baubau", + "uomo nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary monster used to frighten children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the personification of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gargantua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voracious giant in Francois Rabelais' book of the same name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grim Reaper", + "Reaper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Death personified as an old man or a skeleton with a scythe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength; appears in folklore and fairy tales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary being similar to a person but smaller and with hairy feet; invented by J.R.R. Tolkien" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxwell's demon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary creature that controls a small hole in a partition that divides a chamber filled with gas into two parts and allows fast molecules to move in one direction and slow molecules to move in the other direction through the hole; this would result in one part of the container becoming warmer and the other cooler, thus decreasing entropy and violating the second law of thermodynamics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mermaid" + ], + "it": [ + "sirena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half woman and half fish; lives in the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "half man and half fish; lives in the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martian" + ], + "it": [ + "marziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginary people who live on the planet Mars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a giant with 100 eyes; was guardian of the heifer Io and was slain by Hermes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cadmus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the brother of Europa and traditional founder of Thebes in Boeotia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calypso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the sea nymph who detained Odysseus for seven years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea nymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a water nymph who was the daughter of Oceanus or Nereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyclops" + ], + "it": [ + "Ciclope", + "ciclope", + "ciclopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of a race of giants having a single eye in the middle of their forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giantess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female giant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogre" + ], + "it": [ + "orco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) a giant who likes to eat human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogress" + ], + "it": [ + "orchessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) a female ogre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humpty Dumpty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an egg-shaped character in a nursery rhyme who fell off a wall and could not be put back together again (late 17th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jack Frost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personification of frost or winter weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mammon" + ], + "it": [ + "mammona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) a personification of wealth and avarice as an evil spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scylla" + ], + "it": [ + "Scilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a sea nymph transformed into a sea monster who lived on one side of a narrow strait; drowned and devoured sailors who tried to escape Charybdis (a whirlpool) on the other side of the strait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mythical Greek warrior with an unusually loud voice who died after losing a shouting contest with Hermes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monster" + ], + "it": [ + "mostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary creature usually having various human and animal parts" + ], + "it": [ + "una creatura immaginaria generalmente con forme umane o di animale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythical monster", + "mythical creature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monster renowned in folklore and myth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphisbaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a serpent with a head at each end of its body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basilisk" + ], + "it": [ + "basilisco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a serpent (or lizard or dragon) able to kill with its breath or glance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centaur" + ], + "it": [ + "centauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a mythical being that is half man and half horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cerberus", + "hellhound" + ], + "it": [ + "Cerbero", + "carabiniere", + "cerbero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the three-headed dog guarding the entrance to Hades; son of Typhon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charon" + ], + "it": [ + "Caronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the ferryman who brought the souls of the dead across the river Styx or the river Acheron to Hades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimera", + "Chimaera" + ], + "it": [ + "chimera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) fire-breathing female monster with a lion's head and a goat's body and a serpent's tail; daughter of Typhon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the learned centaur who tutored Achilles, Asclepius, Hercules, Jason, and other heroes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circe" + ], + "it": [ + "Circe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a sorceress who detained Odysseus on her island and turned his men into swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monster hatched by a reptile from a cock's egg; able to kill with a glance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dardanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) founder of Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon", + "firedrake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creature of Teutonic mythology; usually represented as breathing fire and having a reptilian body and sometimes wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fafnir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the Norse dragon that guarded a treasure and was slain by Sigurd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ganymede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a Trojan boy who was so beautiful that Zeus carried him away to serve as cupbearer to the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geryon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mythical monster with three heads that was slain by Hercules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorgon" + ], + "it": [ + "Gorgone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) any of three winged sister monsters and the mortal Medusa who had live snakes for hair; a glance at Medusa turned the beholder to stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of three sisters who were the givers of beauty and charm; a favorite subject for sculptors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aglaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the three Graces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euphrosyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the three Graces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the three Graces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gryphon", + "griffin", + "griffon" + ], + "it": [ + "grifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winged monster with the head of an eagle and the body of a lion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harpy" + ], + "it": [ + "arpia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) vicious winged monster; often depicted as a bird with the head of a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) monster with nine heads; when struck off each head was replaced by two new ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyperborean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of a people that the ancient Greeks believed lived in a warm and sunny land north of the source of the north wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypnos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Greek god of sleep; the son of Nyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leviathan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "monstrous sea creature symbolizing evil in the Old Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the daughter of Tantalus whose boasting about her children provoked Apollo and Artemis to slay them all; Niobe was turned to stone while bewailing her loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Perseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the son of Zeus who slew Medusa (with the help of Athena and Hermes) and rescued Andromeda from a sea monster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andromeda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) an Ethiopian princess and daughter of Cassiopeia; she was fastened to a rock and exposed to a sea monster that was sent by Poseidon, but she was rescued by Perseus and became his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cepheus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) king of Ethiopia and husband of Cassiopeia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassiopeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the wife of Cepheus and mother of Andromeda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medusa" + ], + "it": [ + "Medusa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a woman transformed into a Gorgon by Athena; she was slain by Perseus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stheno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the three Gorgons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euryale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the three Gorgons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manticore", + "mantichora", + "manticora", + "mantiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mythical monster having the head of man (with horns) and the body of a lion and the tail of a scorpion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Midas" + ], + "it": [ + "Mida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek legend) the greedy king of Phrygia who Dionysus gave the power to turn everything he touched into gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sisyphus" + ], + "it": [ + "Sisifo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek legend) a king in ancient Greece who offended Zeus and whose punishment was to roll a huge boulder to the top of a steep hill; each time the boulder neared the top it rolled back down and Sisyphus was forced to start again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minotaur" + ], + "it": [ + "Minotauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mythical monster with the head of a bull and the body of a man; slain by Theseus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morpheus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman god of sleep and dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Narcissus" + ], + "it": [ + "Narciso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a beautiful young man who fell in love with his own reflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nemean lion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) an enormous lion strangled by Hercules as the first of his 12 labors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nibelung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(German mythology) any of the race of dwarfs who possessed a treasure hoard that was stolen by Siegfried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nibelung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(German mythology) a companion or follower of Siegfried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellerophon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mythical hero of Corinth who performed miracles on the winged horse Pegasus (especially killing the monster Chimera)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the prince of Troy who abducted Helen from her husband Menelaus and provoked the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patroclus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a friend of Achilles who was killed in the Trojan War; his death led Achilles to return to the fight after his quarrel with Agamemnon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pegasus" + ], + "it": [ + "Pegaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the immortal winged horse that sprang from the blood of the slain Medusa; was tamed by Bellerophon with the help of a bridle given him by Athena; as the flying horse of the Muses it is a symbol of highflying imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phoenix" + ], + "it": [ + "araba fenice", + "fenice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary Arabian bird said to periodically burn itself to death and emerge from the ashes as a new phoenix; according to most versions only one phoenix lived at a time and it renewed itself every 500 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Python" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) dragon killed by Apollo at Delphi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mythical bird of prey having enormous size and strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salamander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reptilian creature supposed to live in fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarpedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a son of Zeus who became king of Lycia; fought on behalf of the Trojans in the Trojan War and was killed by Patroclus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siegfried" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(German mythology) mythical German warrior hero of the Nibelungenlied who takes possession of the accursed treasure of the Nibelungs by slaying the dragon that guards it and awakens Brynhild and is eventually killed; Sigurd is the Norse counterpart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sigurd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) mythical Norse warrior hero who gains an accursed hoard of gold and was killed by Brynhild; Siegfried is the German counterpart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a riddling winged monster with a woman's head and breast on a lion's body; daughter of Typhon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Scandanavian folklore) a supernatural creature (either a dwarf or a giant) that is supposed to live in caves or in the mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Typhoeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) son of Gaea and Tartarus who created the whirlwinds; had a terrifying voice and 100 dragon heads that spurted fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Typhon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a monster with a hundred heads who breathed out flames; son of Typhoeus and father of Cerberus and the Chimera and the Sphinx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "werewolf", + "wolfman", + "lycanthrope", + "loup-garou" + ], + "it": [ + "licantropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monster able to change appearance from human to wolf and back again" + ], + "it": [ + "un essere capace di trasformarsi da uomo in lupo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch" + ], + "it": [ + "strega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a being (usually female) imagined to have special powers derived from the devil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wyvern", + "wivern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fire-breathing dragon used in medieval heraldry; had the head of a dragon and the tail of a snake and a body with wings and two legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nature" + ], + "it": [ + "natura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a causal agent creating and controlling things in the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernatural", + "occult" + ], + "it": [ + "soprannaturale", + "sovrannaturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supernatural forces and events and beings collectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritual being", + "supernatural being" + ], + "it": [ + "essere soprannaturale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incorporeal being believed to have powers to affect the course of human events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theurgy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the effect of supernatural or divine intervention in human affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first cause", + "prime mover", + "primum mobile" + ], + "it": [ + "primo motore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that is the cause of all things but does not itself have a cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destiny", + "fate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritual leader" + ], + "it": [ + "capo spirituale", + "leader spirituale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader in religious or sacred affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deity", + "divinity", + "god", + "immortal" + ], + "it": [ + "Iddio", + "Dio", + "deità", + "dio", + "divinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daemon", + "demigod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is part mortal and part god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fury", + "Eumenides", + "Erinyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) the hideous snake-haired monsters (usually three in number) who pursued unpunished criminals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alecto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three Furies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Megaera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three Furies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tisiphone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the three Furies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity that personifies the sea and is usually believed to live in or to control the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a god that personifies the sun or is otherwise associated with the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celtic deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the Celts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amaethon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the farmer god; ancient god of agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mother of the ancient Irish gods; sometimes identified with Danu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angus Og", + "Aengus", + "Oengus", + "Angus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic god of love and beauty; patron deity of young men and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic deity who was the lord of Annwfn (the other world or the land of fairies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arianrhod", + "Arianrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic goddess famous for her beauty; mother of Dylan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic goddess; mother of Angus Og" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brigit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic goddess of fire and fertility and agriculture and household arts and wisdom; later associated with Saint Bridget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dagda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief Celtic god of the Tuatha De Danann; father of Angus Og and Brigit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danu", + "Dana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic goddess who was the mother of the Tuatha De Danann; identified with the Welsh Don" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic goddess; mother of Gwydion and Arianrhod; corresponds to Irish Danu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dylan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic god of the waves; son of Arianrhod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(possibly Roman mythology) Celtic goddess of horses and mules and asses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fomor", + "Fomorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a group of Celtic sea demons sometimes associated with the hostile power of nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gwydion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic sky god; a magician; giver of arts and civilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gwyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic underworld god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lir", + "Ler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sea personified; father of Manannan; corresponds to Welsh Llyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Llew Llaw Gyffes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Gwydion and Arianrhod; supported by magic of Gwydion; cursed by Arianrhod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LLud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Celtic warrior god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Llyr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic deity who was the father of Manawydan; corresponds to Irish Lir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lug", + "Lugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Celtic god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manannan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic god of the sea; son of Ler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manawydan", + "Manawyddan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic sea god; son of Llyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morrigan", + "Morrigu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Celtic war goddess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuatha De Danann", + "Tuatha De" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "race of Celtic gods or demigods; ruled Ireland in the Golden Age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amen", + "Amon", + "Amun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primeval Egyptian personification of air and breath; worshipped especially at Thebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amen-Ra", + "Amon-Ra", + "Amun Ra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian sun god; supreme god of the universe in whom Amen and Ra were merged; principal deity during Theban supremacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anubis", + "Anpu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian god of tombs and ruler of the underworld; usually depicted as a man with the head of a jackal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aten", + "Aton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sun (or solar disc) which was the deity of a monotheistic cult under the Pharaoh Akhenaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cat- or lion-headed Egyptian goddess; represents life-giving power of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geb", + "Keb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian god of the earth; father of Osiris and Isis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian solar god with the head of a falcon; the son of Osiris and Isis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian goddess of fertility; daughter of Geb; sister and wife of Osiris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khepera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian god of the morning sun; creator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Min" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Egyptian god of procreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephthys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian goddess associated with ritual of the dead; sister of Geb and Nut; wife of Set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian goddess of the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osiris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead; husband and brother of Isis; father of Horus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a major Egyptian god; shaper of the world; father of gods and men; worshipped especially at Memphis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ra", + "Re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Egyptian sun god with the head of a hawk; a universal creator; he merged with the god Amen as Amen-Ra to become the king of the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sekhet", + "Eye of Ra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lion-headed Egyptian goddess; typifies life-destroying power of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Set", + "Seth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thoth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian Moon deity with the head of an ibis; god of wisdom and learning and the arts; scribe of the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Semitic deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Semites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian god of storms and wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Babylonian demigod or first man (sometimes identified with Adam)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anshar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Babylonian father of the gods; identified with Assyrian Ashur; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the upper world'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian consort of Anu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian god of the sky; one of the supreme triad including Bel and Ea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anunnaki", + "Enuki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of powerful Babylonian earth spirits or genii; servitors of the gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apsu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "father of the gods and consort of Tiamat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aruru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mother and earth goddess in Gilgamish epic; identified with Sumerian Ki and Ninkhursag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashur", + "Ashir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief god of the Assyrians; god of military prowess and empire; identified with Babylonian Anshar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astarte", + "Ashtoreth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Phoenician goddess of love and fertility; the Phoenician counterpart to Ishtar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ishtar", + "Mylitta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian and Assyrian goddess of love and fertility and war; counterpart to the Phoenician Astarte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous local fertility and nature deities worshipped by ancient Semitic peoples; the Hebrews considered Baal a false god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian god of the earth; one of the supreme triad including Anu and Ea; earlier identified with En-lil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dagon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of agriculture and the earth; national god of Philistines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dagan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of agriculture and earth; counterpart of Phoenician Dagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damkina", + "Damgalnunna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Babylonian) earth goddess; consort of Ea and mother of Marduk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dumuzi", + "Tammuz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sumerian and Babylonian god of pastures and vegetation; consort of Inanna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Babylonian god of wisdom; son of Apsu and father of Marduk; counterpart of the Sumerian Enki; as one of the supreme triad including Anu and Bel he was assigned control of the watery element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water god and god of wisdom; counterpart of the Akkadian Ea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enlil", + "En-lil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of the air and king of the Sumerian gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ereshkigal", + "Eresh-kigal", + "Ereshkigel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of death and consort of Nergal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Babylonian god of fire; often invoked in incantations against sorcery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Babylonian goddess of healing and consort of Ninurta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Igigi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of heavenly spirits under the god Anu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consort of Dumuzi (Tammuz)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess personifying earth; counterpart of Akkadian Aruru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kishar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian consort of Anshar; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the lower world'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in ancient Semitic folklore: a female demon who attacks children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marduk", + "Merodach", + "Baal Merodach", + "Bel-Merodach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief Babylonian god; his consort was Sarpanitu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moloch", + "Molech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of the Canaanites and Phoenicians to whom parents sacrificed their children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nabu", + "Nebo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian god of wisdom and agriculture and patron of scribes and schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nammu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess personifying the primeval sea; mother of the gods and of heaven and earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namtar", + "Namtaru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demon personifying death; messenger of the underworld goddess Ereshkigal bringing death to mankind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of the Moon; counterpart of the Akkadian Sin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nergal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Akkadian) god ruling with his consort Ereshkigal the world of the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ningal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Akkadian) a goddess; wife of the Moon god Sin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ningirsu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian god in older pantheon: god of war and agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ningishzida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underworld Babylonian deity; patron of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ninkhursag", + "Ninhursag", + "Ninkharsag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great mother goddess; worshipped also as Aruru and Mama and Nintu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nintu", + "Nintoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ninurta", + "Ninib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solar deity; firstborn of Bel and consort was Gula; god of war and the chase and agriculture; sometimes identified with biblical Nimrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nusku" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of fire and light; corresponds to Babylonian Girru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of storms and wind; corresponds to Babylonian Adad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarpanitu", + "Zirbanit", + "Zarpanit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consort of Marduk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shamash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief sun god; drives away winter and storms and brightens the earth with greenery; drives away evil and brings justice and compassion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Akkadian) god of the Moon; counterpart of Sumerian Nanna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tashmit", + "Tashmitum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consort of Nabu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiamat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Akkadian) mother of the gods and consort of Apsu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utnapishtim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utu", + "Utug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sun god; counterpart of Akkadian Shamash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zu", + "Zubird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evil storm god represented as a black bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enkidu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legendary friend of Gilgamish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilgamish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legendary Sumerian king and hero of Sumerian and Babylonian epics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the Hindus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aditi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu goddess who releases from sin or disease; mother of the Adityas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aditya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 7 to 12 sons of Aditi; Hindu gods of celestial light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Sanskrit) Hindu god of fire in ancient and traditional India; one of the three chief deities of the Vedas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earlier a god; later a demon; counterpart of Zoroastrian Ahura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ahura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Zoroastrianism) title for benevolent deities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asvins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(literally `possessing horses' in Sanskrit) in Hinduism the twin chariot warriors conveying Surya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of wealth and love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Creator; one of the three major deities in the later Hindu pantheon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brihaspati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personification of the power of ritual devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhumi Devi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu earth goddess; one of the two wives of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Devi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu mother goddess; supreme power in the universe; wife or embodiment of the female energy of Siva having both beneficent and malevolent forms or aspects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chandi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malevolent aspect of Devi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dharma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basic principles of the cosmos; also: an ancient sage in Hindu mythology worshipped as a god by some lower castes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu goddess of war; a malevolent aspect of Devi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dyaus", + "Dyaus-pitar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ganesh", + "Ganesa", + "Ganesha", + "Ganapati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of wisdom or prophecy; the god who removes obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supernatural eagle-like being that serves as Vishnu's mount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Hinduism, goddess of purity and posterity and a benevolent aspect of Devi; the `brilliant'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanuman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Hinduism, the monkey god and helper of Rama; god of devotion and courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief Hindu god of the Rig-Veda; god of rain and thunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unknown god; an epithet of Prajapati and Brahma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of Siva and malevolent form of Devi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of love and erotic desire; opposite of Mara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of death; opposite of Kama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kartikeya", + "Karttikeya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of bravery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lakshmi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu goddess of fortune and prosperity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of Hindu storm gods; offspring of Rudra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of friendship and alliances; usually invoked together with Varuna as a supporter of heaven and earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parjanya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of rain; sometimes identified with Indra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parvati", + "Anapurna", + "Annapurna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of Siva and a benevolent aspect of Devi: Hindu goddess of plenty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prajapati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god personifying a creative force; equivalent to Brahma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Praxiteles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek sculptor (circa 370-330 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pushan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celestial shepherd god; conductor of souls of the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rahu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu demon who swallows the sun causing eclipses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ribhus", + "Rhibhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three artisans of the Hindu gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rudra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "father of the Hindu storm gods Marut; controller of nature; sometimes identified with Siva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarasvati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu goddess of learning and the arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savitar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important Hindu god; the sun in its life-giving aspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shakti", + "Sakti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the female or generative principle; wife of Siva and a benevolent form of Devi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siva", + "Shiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the destroyer; one of the three major divinities in the later Hindu pantheon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bairava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epithet of Siva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personification of a sacred intoxicating drink used in Vedic ritual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important god of later Hinduism; the sun god or the sun itself worshipped as the source of warmth and light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benevolent aspect of Devi; `splendor'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ushas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu goddess of dawn; daughter of the sky and sister of the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vajra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indra's thunderbolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Vedism, god of the night sky who with his thousand eyes watches over human conduct and judges good and evil and punishes evildoers; often considered king of the Hindu gods and frequently paired with Mitra as an upholder of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vayu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu wind god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vishnu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sustainer; a Hindu divinity worshipped as the preserver of worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hindu god of death and lord of the underworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the manifestation of a Hindu deity (especially Vishnu) in human or superhuman or animal form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jagannath", + "Jagannatha", + "Jagganath", + "Juggernaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an avatar of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the 10th and last incarnation of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krishna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "8th and most important avatar of Vishnu; incarnated as a handsome young man playing a flute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avatar of Vishnu whose name is synonymous with God; any of three incarnations: Ramachandra or Parashurama or Balarama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramachandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hero in Hindu mythology; an incarnation of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of the Hindu god Rama; regarded as an ideal of womanhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balarama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elder brother of Krishna; an incarnation of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parashurama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incarnation of Vishnu who rid the earth of Kshatriyas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persian deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshiped by the ancient Persians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mithras", + "Mithra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Persian god of light and truth; sun god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ormazd", + "Ormuzd", + "Ahura Mazda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief deity of Zoroastrianism; source of light and embodiment of good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ahriman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spirit of evil in Zoroastrianism; arch rival of Ormazd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buddha", + "Siddhartha", + "Gautama", + "Gautama Siddhartha", + "Gautama Buddha" + ], + "it": [ + "Budda", + "Buddha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "founder of Buddhism; worshipped as a god (c 563-483 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bodhisattva", + "Boddhisatva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Buddhist worthy of nirvana who postpones it to help others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maitreya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Bodhisattva who is to appear as a Buddha 5000 years after the death of Gautama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avalokitesvara", + "Avalokiteshvara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male Bodhisattva; widely associated with various gods and people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arhat", + "Arhant", + "lohan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Buddhist who has attained nirvana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buddha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who has achieved a state of perfect enlightenment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Chinese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chang Kuo", + "Chang Kuo-lao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 8 immortals of Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wen Ch'ang", + "Wen-Ti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese god of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoist Trinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the three pure ones; the three chief gods of Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tien-pao", + "Heavenly Jewel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Taoist Trinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ling-pao", + "Mystic Jewel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Taoist Trinity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shen-pao", + "Spiritual Jewel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Taoist Trinity; identified with Lao-tse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chuang-tzu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "4th-century Chinese philosopher on whose teachings Lao-tse based Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwan-yin", + "Kuan Yin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Buddhism) a female Bodhisattva; often called goddess of mercy and considered an aspect of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara; identified with Japanese Kwannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the Japanese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amaterasu", + "Amaterasu Omikami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "central deity of Shinto; goddess personifying the sun and ancestress of the rulers of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hachiman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Shinto god of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hotei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 7 gods of happiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Izanagi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the god who fathered the islands and gods of Japan with his sister Izanami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Izanami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sister and consort of Izanami; mother of the islands and gods of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one the Shinto deities (including mythological beings, spirits of distinguished men, forces of nature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese counterpart of Chinese Kuan Yin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ninigi", + "Ninigino-Mikoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grandson of Amaterasu and first ruler of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goddess" + ], + "it": [ + "dea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth-god", + "earth god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a god of fertility and vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth-goddess", + "earth goddess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a goddess of fertility and vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earth conceived of as the female principle of fertility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "God", + "Supreme Being" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godhead", + "Lord", + "Creator", + "Maker", + "Divine", + "God Almighty", + "Almighty", + "Jehovah" + ], + "it": [ + "Signore", + "Eccelso", + "Onnipotente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God" + ], + "it": [ + "il Dio cristiano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eon", + "aeon" + ], + "it": [ + "eone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Gnosticism) a divine power or nature emanating from the Supreme Being and playing various roles in the operation of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinity", + "Holy Trinity", + "Blessed Trinity", + "Sacred Trinity" + ], + "it": [ + "trinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the union of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost in one Godhead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Father", + "Father-God", + "Fatherhood" + ], + "it": [ + "Dio Padre", + "Padre", + "Padre Eterno", + "Padre eterno", + "Padreterno", + "padre eterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "God when considered as the first person in the Trinity" + ], + "it": [ + "Dio quando indicato come prima persona nella Trinità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Son", + "Word", + "Logos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the divine word of God; the second person in the Trinity (incarnate in Jesus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Messiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the awaited king of the Jews; the promised and expected deliverer of the Jewish people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Messiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jesus Christ; considered by Christians to be the promised deliverer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messiah", + "christ" + ], + "it": [ + "messia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any expected deliverer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Ghost", + "Holy Spirit", + "Paraclete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the third person in the Trinity; Jesus promised the Apostles that he would send the Holy Spirit after his Crucifixion and Resurrection; it came on Pentecost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostasis", + "hypostasis of Christ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three persons of the Godhead constituting the Trinity especially the person of Christ in which divine and human natures are united" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yahweh", + "YHWH", + "Yahwe", + "Yahveh", + "YHVH", + "Yahve", + "Wahvey", + "Jahvey", + "Jahweh", + "Jehovah", + "JHVH" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a name for the God of the Old Testament as transliterated from the Hebrew consonants YHVH" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Muslim name for the one and only God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demiurge" + ], + "it": [ + "demiurgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate deity, in some philosophies the creator of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faun" + ], + "it": [ + "fauno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Italian deity in human shape, with horns, pointed ears and a goat's tail; equivalent to Greek satyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel" + ], + "it": [ + "angelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiritual being attendant upon God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archangel" + ], + "it": [ + "arcangelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angel ranked above the highest rank in the celestial hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gabriel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Bible) the archangel who was the messenger of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the guardian archangel of the Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archangel of the Hebrew tradition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherub" + ], + "it": [ + "cherubino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angel of the second order whose gift is knowledge; usually portrayed as a winged child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seraph" + ], + "it": [ + "serafino", + "serafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angel of the first order; usually portrayed as the winged head of a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardian spirit", + "guardian angel" + ], + "it": [ + "angelo custode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an angel believed to have special affection for a particular individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genius loci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the guardian spirit of a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine messenger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a messenger from God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy", + "faery", + "faerie", + "fay", + "sprite" + ], + "it": [ + "fata", + "spiritello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elf", + "hob", + "gremlin", + "pixie", + "pixy", + "brownie", + "imp" + ], + "it": [ + "elfo", + "folletto", + "spiritello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) fairies that are somewhat mischievous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy godmother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female character in some fairy stories who has magical powers and can bring unexpected good fortune to the hero or heroine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnome", + "dwarf" + ], + "it": [ + "gnomo", + "nano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary creature resembling a tiny old man; lives in the depths of the earth and guards buried treasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undine" + ], + "it": [ + "ondina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various female water spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leprechaun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mischievous elf in Irish folklore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elf in fairy stories who sprinkles sand in children's eyes to make them sleepy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan le Fay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) a wicked enchantress who was the half sister and enemy of King Arthur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puck", + "Robin Goodfellow" + ], + "it": [ + "folletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mischievous sprite of English folklore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evil spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirit tending to cause harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad fairy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fairy that tends to cause harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bogey", + "bogy", + "bogie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil", + "fiend", + "demon", + "daemon", + "daimon" + ], + "it": [ + "demone", + "demonio", + "diavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil supernatural being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cacodemon", + "cacodaemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eudemon", + "eudaemon", + "good spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a benevolent spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male demon believed to lie on sleeping persons and to have sexual intercourse with sleeping women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succubus", + "succuba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female demon believed to have sexual intercourse with sleeping men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dybbuk", + "dibbuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Jewish folklore) a demon that enters the body of a living person and controls that body's behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satan", + "Old Nick", + "Devil", + "Lucifer", + "Beelzebub", + "the Tempter", + "Prince of Darkness" + ], + "it": [ + "Belzebù", + "Lucifero", + "Satana", + "berlic", + "berlicche", + "lucifero", + "nemico", + "diavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghoul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evil spirit or ghost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goblin", + "hob", + "hobgoblin" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) a small grotesque supernatural creature that makes trouble for human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kelpy", + "kelpie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Scottish folklore) water spirit in the form of a horse that likes to drown its riders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vampire", + "lamia" + ], + "it": [ + "vampiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(folklore) a corpse that rises at night to drink the blood of the living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banshee", + "banshie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Irish folklore) a female spirit who wails to warn of impending death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genie", + "jinni", + "jinnee", + "djinni", + "djinny", + "djinn" + ], + "it": [ + "genio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) an invisible spirit mentioned in the Koran and believed by Muslims to inhabit the earth and influence mankind by appearing in the form of humans or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaitan", + "shaytan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a rebellious jinni who leads men astray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eblis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) the principal evil jinni in Islamic mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) one of the dark-eyed virgins of perfect beauty believed to live with the blessed in Paradise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiar", + "familiar spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirit (usually in animal form) that acts as an assistant to a witch or wizard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit", + "disembodied spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any incorporeal supernatural being that can become visible (or audible) to human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trickster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mischievous supernatural being found in the folklore of many primitive people; sometimes distinguished by prodigious biological drives and exaggerated bodily parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the visible disembodied soul of a dead person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poltergeist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ghost that announces its presence with rapping and the creation of disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oberson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the king of the fairies and husband of Titania in medieval folklore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the queen of the fairies in medieval folklore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tooth fairy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fairy that is said to leave money at night under a child's pillow to compensate for a baby tooth falling out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water sprite", + "water nymph", + "water spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fairy that inhabits water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Persian folklore) a supernatural being descended from fallen angels and excluded from paradise until penance is done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparition", + "phantom", + "phantasm", + "phantasma", + "fantasm", + "specter", + "spectre" + ], + "it": [ + "apparizione", + "fantasma", + "spettro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ghostly appearing figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flying Dutchman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the captain of a phantom ship (the Flying Dutchman) who was condemned to sail against the wind until Judgment Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an invisible spiritual being felt to be nearby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adonis" + ], + "it": [ + "Adone", + "adone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a handsome youth loved by both Aphrodite and Persephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greco-Roman deity", + "Graeco-Roman deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity of classical mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satyr", + "forest god" + ], + "it": [ + "fauno", + "satiro", + "sileno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a class of woodland deities; attendant on Bacchus; identified with Roman fauns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief satyr in the service of Bacchus; father of Dionysus; usually depicted as drunk and jolly and riding a donkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the minor woodland deities who were companions of Dionysus (similar to the satyrs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymph" + ], + "it": [ + "ninfa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a minor nature goddess usually depicted as a beautiful maiden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a nymph who was spurned by Narcissus and pined away until only her voice remained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hesperides", + "Atlantides" + ], + "it": [ + "Esperidi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) group of 3 to 7 nymphs who guarded the golden apples that Gaea gave as a wedding gift to Hera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) 7 daughters of Atlas and half-sisters of the Pleiades; they nurtured the infant Dionysus and Zeus placed them among the stars as a reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the mountain nymphs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleiades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) 7 daughters of Atlas and half-sisters of the Hyades; placed among the stars to save them from the pursuit of Orion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterope", + "Asterope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the 7 Pleiades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water nymph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) any nymph of the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daphne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a nymph who was transformed into a laurel tree to escape the amorous Apollo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naiad" + ], + "it": [ + "naiade", + "naide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a nymph of lakes and springs and rivers and fountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nereid" + ], + "it": [ + "nereide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) any of the 50 sea nymphs who were daughters of the sea god Nereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thetis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the 50 Nereids; mother of Achilles by Peleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oceanid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) sea nymph who was a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dryad", + "wood nymph" + ], + "it": [ + "driade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity or nymph of the woods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salmacis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nymph who merged with Hermaphroditus to form one body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamadryad" + ], + "it": [ + "amadriade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nymph or spirit of a particular tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympian", + "Olympic god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classical Greek god after the overthrow of the Titans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeolus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of the winds in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "personification of the sky or upper air breathed by the Olympians; son of Erebus and night or of Chaos and darkness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apollo", + "Phoebus", + "Phoebus Apollo" + ], + "it": [ + "Apollo", + "Febo", + "apollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) Greek god of light; god of prophecy and poetry and music and healing; son of Zeus and Leto; twin brother of Artemis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epithet for Apollo; from the dragon Python which he killed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aphrodite", + "Cytherea" + ], + "it": [ + "Afrodite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of love and beauty and daughter of Zeus in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Venus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) priestess of Aphrodite who killed herself when her lover Leander drowned while trying to swim the Hellespont to see her" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a youth beloved of Hero who drowned in a storm in the Hellespont on one of his nightly visits to see her" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pygmalion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a king who created a statue of a woman and fell in love with it; Aphrodite brought the sculpture to life as Galatea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galatea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a maiden who was first a sculpture created by Pygmalion and was brought to life by Aphrodite in answer to Pygmalion's prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venus", + "Urania" + ], + "it": [ + "Venere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of love; counterpart of Greek Aphrodite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ares" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) Greek god of war; son of Zeus and Hera; identified with Roman Mars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) goddess of discord; sister of Ares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thanatos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Greek personification of death; son of Nyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) Roman god of death; counterpart of Thanatos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mars" + ], + "it": [ + "Marte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) Roman god of war and agriculture; father of Romulus and Remus; counterpart of Greek Ares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) Greek goddess of the night; daughter of Chaos; counterpart of Roman Nox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhea Silvia", + "Rea Silvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) a vestal virgin who became the mother by Mars of the twins Romulus and Remus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romulus" + ], + "it": [ + "Romolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) founder of Rome; suckled with his twin brother Remus by a wolf after their parents (Mars and Rhea Silvia) abandoned them; Romulus killed Remus in an argument over the building of Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Remus" + ], + "it": [ + "Remo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) the twin brother of Romulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artemis", + "Cynthia" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; daughter of Leto and twin sister of Apollo; identified with Roman Diana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boreas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the god who personified the north wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diana" + ], + "it": [ + "Diana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; counterpart of Greek Artemis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athena", + "Athene", + "Pallas", + "Pallas Athena", + "Pallas Athene" + ], + "it": [ + "Atena", + "Pallade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare; guardian of Athens; identified with Roman Minerva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minerva" + ], + "it": [ + "Minerva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of wisdom; counterpart of Greek Athena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the most ancient of gods; the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cronus" + ], + "it": [ + "Crono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the supreme god until Zeus dethroned him; son of Uranus and Gaea in ancient Greek mythology; identified with Roman Saturn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dido" + ], + "it": [ + "Didone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) a princess of Tyre who was the founder and queen of Carthage; Virgil tells of her suicide when she was abandoned by Aeneas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saturn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) god of agriculture and vegetation; counterpart of Greek Cronus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) goddess of fertility and protector of marriage in ancient mythology; counterpart of Roman Ceres" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceres" + ], + "it": [ + "Cerere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of agriculture; counterpart of Greek Demeter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dionysus" + ], + "it": [ + "Dioniso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) god of wine and fertility and drama; the Greek name of Bacchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aesculapius", + "Asclepius", + "Asklepios" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Apollo; a hero and the Roman god of medicine and healing; his daughters were Hygeia and Panacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacchus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) god of wine; equivalent of Dionysus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erebus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) Greek god of darkness who dwelt in the underworld; son of Chaos; brother of Nox; father of Aether and Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nox", + "Night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eros" + ], + "it": [ + "eros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) god of love; son of Aphrodite; identified with Roman Cupid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cupid", + "Amor" + ], + "it": [ + "Cupido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) god of love; counterpart of Greek Eros" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daedalus", + "Daedal" + ], + "it": [ + "Dedalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) an Athenian inventor who built the labyrinth of Minos; to escape the labyrinth he fashioned wings for himself and his son Icarus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damon and Pythias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) according to a Greek legend: when Pythias was sentenced to be executed Damon took his place to allow Pythias to get his affairs in order; when Pythias returned in time to save Damon the king was so impressed that he let them both live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaea", + "Gaia", + "Ge" + ], + "it": [ + "Gaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) goddess of the earth and mother of Cronus and the Titans in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of youth and spring; wife of Hercules; daughter of Zeus and Hera; cupbearer to the Olympian gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helios" + ], + "it": [ + "Elio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) ancient god of the sun; drove his chariot across the sky each day; identified with Roman Sol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) son of Daedalus; while escaping from Crete with his father (using the wings Daedalus had made) he flew too close to the sun and the wax melted and he fell into the Aegean and drowned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) ancient Roman god; personification of the sun; counterpart of Greek Helios" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hecate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) Greek goddess of fertility who later became associated with Persephone as goddess of the underworld and protector of witches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hephaestus", + "Hephaistos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the lame god of fire and metalworking in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vulcan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vulcan" + ], + "it": [ + "Vulcano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) god of fire and metal working; counterpart of Greek Hephaestus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) messenger and herald of the gods; god of commerce and cunning and invention and theft; identified with Roman Mercury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hermaphroditus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) son of Hermes and Aphrodite who merged with the nymph Salmacis to form one body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercury" + ], + "it": [ + "Mercurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hygeia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of health; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Panacea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of healing; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Hygeia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hera", + "Here" + ], + "it": [ + "Era" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of the Olympian gods in ancient Greek mythology; sister and wife of Zeus remembered for her jealously of the many mortal women Zeus fell in love with; identified with Roman Juno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Io" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a maiden seduced by Zeus; when Hera was about to discover them together Zeus turned her into a white heifer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Janus" + ], + "it": [ + "Giano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) the Roman god of doorways and passages; is depicted with two faces on opposite sides of his head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juno" + ], + "it": [ + "Giunone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) queen of the Olympian gods who protected marriage; wife and sister of Jupiter; counterpart of Greek Hera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hestia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of the hearth and its fire in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vesta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth and its fire whose flame was tended by vestal virgins; counterpart of Greek Hestia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the god of marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hyperion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a Titan who was the son of Gaea and Uranus and the father of Helios and Selene and Eos in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minos" + ], + "it": [ + "Minosse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Zeus and Europa; king of ancient Crete; ordered Daedalus to build the labyrinth; after death Minos became a judge in the underworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ariadne" + ], + "it": [ + "Ariadne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful daughter of Minos and Pasiphae; she fell in love with Theseus and gave him the thread with which he found his way out of the Minotaur's labyrinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moirai", + "Moirae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three Greek goddesses of fate or destiny; identified with the Roman Parcae and similar to the Norse Norns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parcae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the three Roman goddesses of fate or destiny; identified with the Greek Moirai and similar to the Norse Norns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clotho", + "Klotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek goddess of fate who spins the thread of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lachesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek goddess of fate who determines the length of the thread of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atropos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek goddess of fate who cuts the thread of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Momus", + "Momos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of blame and mockery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in ancient Greek mythology any of 9 daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne; protector of an art or science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calliope" + ], + "it": [ + "Calliope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of epic poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clio" + ], + "it": [ + "Clio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of history" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of lyric and love poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euterpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of music (or the flute)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melpomene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of tragedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polyhymnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of singing and mime and sacred dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terpsichore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of the dance and of choral song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of comedy and pastoral poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Muse of astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nemesis" + ], + "it": [ + "Nemesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of divine retribution and vengeance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a sea god son of Pontus and Gaea; lived in the depths of the sea with his wife Doris and their daughters the Nereids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) winged goddess of victory; identified with Roman Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of victory; counterpart of Greek Nike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ouranos", + "Uranus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) god of the heavens; son and husband of Gaea and father of the Titans in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pan", + "goat god" + ], + "it": [ + "Pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) god of fields and woods and shepherds and flocks; represented as a man with goat's legs and horns and ears; identified with Roman Sylvanus or Faunus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faunus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) ancient rural deity; later considered a counterpart of Greek Pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasiphae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) daughter of Helios and mother of Ariadne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pontus", + "Pontos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) ancient personification of the sea; father of Nereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poseidon" + ], + "it": [ + "Poseidone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the god of the sea and earthquakes in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and Hades and Hera; identified with Roman Neptune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proteus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a prophetic god who served Poseidon; was capable of changing his shape at will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neptune" + ], + "it": [ + "Nettuno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) god of the sea; counterpart of Greek Poseidon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persephone", + "Despoina", + "Kore", + "Cora" + ], + "it": [ + "Persefone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) daughter of Zeus and Demeter; made queen of the underworld by Pluto in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Proserpina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Procrustes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mythical giant who was a thief and murderer; he would capture people and tie them to an iron bed, stretching them or hacking off their legs to make them fit; was killed by Theseus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proserpina", + "Proserpine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Persephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phaethon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) son of Helios; killed when trying to drive his father's chariot and came too close to earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluto", + "Hades", + "Aides", + "Aidoneus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ade", + "Plutone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the god of the underworld in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and husband of Persephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dis", + "Orcus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Pluto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythia", + "Pythoness" + ], + "it": [ + "pitia", + "pizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the priestess of Apollo at Delphi who transmitted the oracles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priapus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) god of male procreative power and guardian of gardens and vineyards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhadamanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a judge of the dead in the underworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) goddess of the Moon in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Luna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) the goddess of the Moon; counterpart of Greek Selene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the winged goddess of the dawn in ancient mythology; daughter of Hyperion; identified with Roman Aurora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurydice" + ], + "it": [ + "Euridice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the wife of Orpheus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orion" + ], + "it": [ + "Orione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a giant Boeotian hunter who pursued the Pleiades and was eventually slain by Artemis; was then placed in the sky as a constellation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orpheus" + ], + "it": [ + "Orfeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a great musician; when his wife Eurydice died he went to Hades to get her back but failed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aurora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of the dawn; counterpart of Greek Eos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tellus" + ], + "it": [ + "Terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of the earth; protector of marriage and fertility; identified with Greek Gaea" + ], + "it": [ + "nell'antica Roma, divinità legata alla fecondità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant gods who ruled the Earth until overthrown by Zeus; the Titans were offspring of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titaness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant goddesses who were offspring of Uranus (heaven) and Gaea (earth) in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Triton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a sea god; son of Poseidon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the goddess of fortune; identified with Roman Fortuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) the goddess of fortune and good luck; counterpart of Greek Tyche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zephyr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Greek god of the west wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeus" + ], + "it": [ + "Zeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the supreme god of ancient Greek mythology; son of Rhea and Cronus whom he dethroned; husband and brother of Hera; brother of Poseidon and Hades; father of many gods; counterpart of Roman Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter", + "Jove" + ], + "it": [ + "Giove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter Fulgur", + "Jupiter Fulminator", + "Lightning Hurler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet for Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter Tonans", + "Thunderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet for Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter Pluvius", + "Rain-giver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet for Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter Optimus Maximus", + "Best and Greatest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet for Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jupiter Fidius", + "Protector of Boundaries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an epithet for Jupiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oceanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) god of the stream that flowed around the earth in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the Titans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the Titans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iapetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Titan who was father of Atlas and Epimetheus and Prometheus in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestal virgin" + ], + "it": [ + "vestale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) one of the virgin priestesses consecrated to the Roman goddess Vesta and to maintaining the sacred fire in her temple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlas" + ], + "it": [ + "Atlante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a Titan who was forced by Zeus to bear the sky on his shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epimetheus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) brother of Prometheus; despite Prometheus's warning against gifts from Zeus he accepted Pandora as his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prometheus" + ], + "it": [ + "Prometeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Titan who stole fire from Olympus and gave it to mankind; Zeus punished him by chaining him to a rock where an eagle gnawed at his liver until Hercules rescued him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thea", + "Theia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Titaness who was mother of Helios and Selene and Eos in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertility goddess in ancient Greek mythology; wife of Cronus and mother of Zeus; identified with Roman Ops and Cybele of ancient Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) goddess of abundance and fertility; wife of Saturn; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Cybele of ancient Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sylvanus", + "Silvanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) god of woods and fields and flocks; Pan is the Greek counterpart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agdistis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic epithet for Rhea or Cybele" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Themis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Titaness who was goddess of justice in ancient mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mnemosyne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the Titaness who was goddess of memory; mother of the Muses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoebe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a Titaness who became identified with Artemis as goddess of the Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i86999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tethys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a Titaness and sea goddess; wife of Oceanus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Psyche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a beautiful princess loved by Cupid who visited her at night and told her she must not try to see him; became the personification of the soul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leto", + "Latona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife or mistress of Zeus and mother of Apollo and Artemis in ancient mythology; called Latona in Roman mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hercules", + "Heracles", + "Herakles", + "Alcides" + ], + "it": [ + "Eracle", + "Ercole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a hero noted for his strength; performed 12 immense labors to gain immortality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pandora" + ], + "it": [ + "Pandora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the first woman; created by Hephaestus on orders from Zeus who presented her to Epimetheus along with a box filled with evils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norse deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deity worshipped by the ancient Norsemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aesir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the chief race of gods living at Asgard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andvari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) a dwarf who possessed a treasure that was stolen by Loki" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) race of ancient gods sometimes in conflict with the Aesir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balder", + "Baldr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of light and peace and noted for his beauty and sweet nature; son of Odin and Frigg and husband of Nanna; killed by Hoth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bragi", + "Brage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of poetry and music; son of Odin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) goddess of old age who defeated Thor in a wrestling match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forseti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of justice; son of Balder and Nanna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frey", + "Freyr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of earth's fertility and peace and prosperity; son of Njorth and brother of Freya; originally of the Vanir; later with the Aesir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freya", + "Freyja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) goddess of love and fecundity; daughter of Njorth and sister of Frey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frigg", + "Frigga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) goddess of the heavens and married love; wife of Odin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heimdall", + "Heimdal", + "Heimdallr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of dawn and light; guardian of Asgard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hel", + "Hela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) goddess of the dead and queen of the underworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoenir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of the Aesir having a strong and beautiful body but a dull mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoth", + "Hothr", + "Hoder", + "Hodr", + "Hodur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) a blind god; misled by Loki, he kills his brother Balder by throwing a shaft of mistletoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Idun", + "Ithunn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) goddess of spring and wife of Bragi; guarded the apples that kept the gods eternally young" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jotun", + "Jotunn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of a race of giants often in conflict with the Aesir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) trickster; god of discord and mischief; contrived death of Balder and was overcome by Thor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) giant who lives in the roots of Yggdrasil and guards the well of wisdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) wife of Balder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Njord", + "Njorth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) chief of the Vanir; god of the sea and winds and prosperity; father of Frey and Freya; sometimes subsumes Teutonic Nerthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norn", + "weird sister" + ], + "it": [ + "norna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) any of the three goddesses of destiny; identified with Anglo-Saxon Wyrd; similar to Greek Moirae and Roman Parcae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urd", + "Urth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of fate: a giantess who personified the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verdandi", + "Verthandi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of fate: an elf who personified the present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skuld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goddess of fate: a dwarf who personified the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) ruler of the Aesir; supreme god of war and poetry and knowledge and wisdom (for which he gave an eye) and husband of Frigg; identified with the Teutonic Wotan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) wife of Thor and guardian of the home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sigyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) wife of Loki; held a cup over him during his punishment to spare him the pain of drops of poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of thunder and rain and farming; pictured as wielding a hammer emblematic of the thunderbolt; identified with Teutonic Donar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyr", + "Tyrr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) god of war and strife and son of Odin; identified with Anglo-Saxon Tiu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ull", + "Ullr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of the Aesir known for his beauty and skill with bow and skis; son of Sif and stepson of Thor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of the Aesir and avenger of Balder; son of Odin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vitharr", + "Vithar", + "Vidar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of the Aesir; son of Odin; avenges his parent by slaying Fenrir at Ragnarok" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fenrir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) an enormous wolf that was fathered by Loki and that killed Odin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) a wonderful smith; identified with Anglo-Saxon Wayland and Teutonic Wieland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yggdrasil", + "Ygdrasil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) a huge ash tree whose roots and branches hold the earth and Heaven and Hell together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ymir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) the primeval giant slain by Odin and his brothers and from whose body they created the world: the sea from his blood; the earth from his flesh; the mountains from his bones; the sky from his skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wayland", + "Wayland the Smith", + "Wieland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(European mythology) a supernatural smith and king of the elves; identified with Norse Volund" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teutonic deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(German mythology) a deity worshipped by the ancient Teutons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Teutonic god of thunder; counterpart of Norse Thor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nerthus", + "Hertha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Teutonic goddess of fertility; later identified with Norse Njord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wotan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supreme Teutonic god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Anglo-Saxon Woden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Saxon deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Anglo-Saxon mythology) a deity worshipped by the Anglo-Saxons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "god of war and sky; counterpart of Norse Tyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woden", + "Wodan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Teutonic Wotan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyrd", + "Weird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fate personified; any one of the three Weird Sisters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adam" + ], + "it": [ + "Adamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) in Judeo-Christian mythology; the first man and the husband of Eve and the progenitor of the human race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eve" + ], + "it": [ + "Eva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cain" + ], + "it": [ + "Caino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Cain and Abel were the first children of Adam and Eve born after the Fall of Man; Cain killed Abel out of jealousy and was exiled by God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abel" + ], + "it": [ + "Abele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Cain and Abel were the first children of Adam and Eve born after the Fall of Man; Abel was killed by Cain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) third son of Adam and Eve; given by God in place of the murdered Abel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fictional character", + "fictitious character", + "character" + ], + "it": [ + "personaggio", + "figura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle persone che hanno una parte in un’opera teatrale, letteraria, cinematografica o televisiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ajax" + ], + "it": [ + "Aiace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mythical Greek hero; a warrior who fought against Troy in the Iliad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aladdin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Arabian Nights a boy who acquires a magic lamp from which he can summon a genie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argonaut" + ], + "it": [ + "argonauta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of the heroes who sailed with Jason in search of the Golden Fleece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary elephant that appears in a series of French books for children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the woman who guided Dante through Paradise in the Divine Comedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beowulf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legendary hero of an anonymous Old English epic poem composed in the early 8th century; he slays a monster and becomes king but dies fighting a dragon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bluebeard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(fairytale) a monstrous villain who marries seven women; he kills the first six for disobedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bond", + "James Bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British secret operative 007 in novels by Ian Fleming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunhild", + "Brunnhilde", + "Brynhild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Valkyrie or a queen in the Nibelungenlied who loved the hero Siegfried; when he deceived her she had him killed and then committed suicide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Valkyrie" + ], + "it": [ + "valchiria", + "valkiria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Norse mythology) one of the maidens of Odin who chose heroes to be slain in battle and conducted them to Valhalla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brer Rabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fictional character of a rabbit who appeared in tales supposedly told by Uncle Remus and first published in 1880" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunyan", + "Paul Bunyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary giant lumberjack of the north woods of the United States and Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hero of American folk tales; portrayed as an enormously strong black man who worked on the railroads and died from exhaustion after winning a contest with a steam drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheshire cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional cat with a broad fixed smile on its face; created by Lewis Carroll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chicken Little" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional character who was hit on the head with an acorn and believed that the sky was falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinderella" + ], + "it": [ + "Cenerentola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional young girl who is saved from her stepmother and stepsisters by her fairy godmother and a handsome prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colonel Blimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pompous reactionary cartoon character created by Sir David Low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fictional vampire in a gothic horror novel by Bram Stoker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jason" + ], + "it": [ + "Giasone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the husband of Medea and leader of the Argonauts who sailed in quest of the Golden Fleece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medea" + ], + "it": [ + "Medea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a princess of Colchis who aided Jason in taking the Golden Fleece from her father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laertes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the father of Odysseus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odysseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ulisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a famous mythical Greek hero; his return to Ithaca after the siege of Troy was described in the Odyssey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulysses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman mythology) Roman spelling for Odysseus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penelope" + ], + "it": [ + "Penelope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the wife of Odysseus and a symbol of devotion and fidelity; for 10 years while Odysseus fought the Trojan War she resisted numerous suitors until Odysseus returned and killed them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theseus" + ], + "it": [ + "Teseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a hero and king of Athens who was noted for his many great deeds: killed Procrustes and the Minotaur and defeated the Amazons and united Attica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tantalus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a wicked king and son of Zeus; condemned in Hades to stand in water that receded when he tried to drink and beneath fruit that receded when he reached for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phrygian deity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deity of the ancient Phrygians of west central Asia Minor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cybele", + "Dindymene", + "Great Mother", + "Magna Mater", + "Mater Turrita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great nature goddess of ancient Phrygia in Asia Minor; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Roman Ops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achilles" + ], + "it": [ + "Achille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mythical Greek hero of the Iliad; a foremost Greek warrior at the siege of Troy; when he was a baby his mother tried to make him immortal by bathing him in a magical river but the heel by which she held him remained vulnerable--his `Achilles' heel'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeneas" + ], + "it": [ + "Enea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mythical Greek warrior who was a leader on the Trojan side of the Trojan War; hero of the Aeneid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atreus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the king of Mycenae and father of Agamemnon and of Menelaus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agamemnon" + ], + "it": [ + "Agamennone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the king who lead the Greeks against Troy in the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menelaus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the king of Sparta at the time of the Trojan War; brother of Agamemnon; husband of Helen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iphigenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the daughter of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon; Agamemnon was obliged to offer her as a sacrifice to Artemis when the Greek fleet was becalmed on its way to Troy; Artemis rescued her and she later became a priestess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clytemnestra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) wife of Agamemnon who had him murdered when he returned from the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aegisthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the seducer of Clytemnestra and murderer of Agamemnon who usurped the throne of Mycenae until Agamemnon's son Orestes returned home and killed him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orestes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; his sister Electra persuaded him to avenge Agamemnon's death by killing Clytemnestra and Aegisthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassandra" + ], + "it": [ + "Cassandra", + "cassandra", + "profeta di sventure", + "uccello del malaugurio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a prophetess in Troy during the Trojan War whose predictions were true but were never believed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antigone" + ], + "it": [ + "Antigone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the daughter of King Oedipus who disobeyed her father and was condemned to death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the brother of Jocasta and uncle of Antigone who became king of Thebes after the fall of Oedipus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jocasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) queen of Thebes who unknowingly married her own son Oedipus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Electra" + ], + "it": [ + "Elettra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; persuaded her brother (Orestes) to avenge Agamemnon's death by helping her to kill Clytemnestra and her lover (Aegisthus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laocoon" + ], + "it": [ + "Laocoonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the priest of Apollo who warned the Trojans to beware of Greeks bearing gifts when they wanted to accept the Trojan Horse; a god who favored the Greeks (Poseidon or Athena) sent snakes who coiled around Laocoon and his two twin sons killing them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) king of Thebes who was unwittingly killed by his son Oedipus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrmidon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a member of the warriors who followed Achilles on the expedition against Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oedipus", + "King Oedipus", + "Oedipus Rex" + ], + "it": [ + "Edipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a tragic king of Thebes who unknowingly killed his father Laius and married his mother Jocasta; the subject of the drama `Oedipus Rex' by Sophocles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiresias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the blind prophet of Thebes who revealed to Oedipus that Oedipus had murdered his father and married his mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peleus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a king of the Myrmidons and father of Achilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don Quixote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of a romance by Cervantes; chivalrous but impractical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Cid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of a Spanish epic poem from the 12th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fagin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a villainous Jew in a novel by Charles Dickens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falstaff", + "Sir John Falstaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dissolute character in Shakespeare's plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Father Brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Catholic priest who was the hero of detective stories by G. K. Chesterton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faust", + "Faustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alchemist of German legend who sold his soul to Mephistopheles in exchange for knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fictional Swiss scientist who was the protagonist in a gothic novel by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley; he created a monster from parts of corpses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frankenstein", + "Frankenstein's monster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the monster created by Frankenstein in a gothic novel by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (the creator's name is commonly used to refer to his creation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goofy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartoon character created by Walt Disney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulliver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional Englishman who travels to the imaginary land of Lilliput in a satirical novel by Jonathan Swift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy who hoped to avenge the murder of his father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hector" + ], + "it": [ + "Ettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a mythical Trojan who was killed by Achilles during the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helen", + "Helen of Troy" + ], + "it": [ + "Elena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the beautiful daughter of Zeus and Leda who was abducted by Paris; the Greek army sailed to Troy to get her back which resulted in the Trojan War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horatio Hornblower", + "Captain Horatio Hornblower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional English admiral during the Napoleonic Wars in novels written by C. S. Forester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the villain in William Shakespeare's tragedy who tricked Othello into murdering his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inspector Maigret", + "Commissaire Maigret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional detective in novels by Georges Simenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kilroy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonexistent person popularized by American servicemen during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lear", + "King Lear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy who was betrayed and mistreated by two of his scheming daughters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a queen of Sparta who was raped by Zeus who had taken the form of a swan; Helen of Troy was conceived in the rape of Leda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lilliputian" + ], + "it": [ + "lillipuziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 6-inch tall inhabitant of Lilliput in a novel by Jonathan Swift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marlowe", + "Philip Marlowe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tough cynical detective (one of the early detective heroes in American fiction) created by Raymond Chandler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mephistopheles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evil spirit to whom Faust sold his soul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micawber", + "Wilkins Micawber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fictional character created by Charles Dickens; an eternal optimist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mother Goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the imaginary author of a collection of nursery rhymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mr. Moto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese sleuth created by John Marquand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Othello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy who would not trust his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pangloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incurable optimist in a satire by Voltaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pantaloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a character in the commedia dell'arte; portrayed as a foolish old man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pantaloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buffoon in modern pantomimes; the butt of jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perry Mason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fictional detective in novels by Erle Stanley Gardner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peter Pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main character in a play and novel by J. M. Barrie; a boy who won't grow up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pied Piper", + "Pied Piper of Hamelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title character in a German folk tale and in a poem by Robert Browning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pierrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male character in French pantomime; usually dressed in white with a whitened face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pluto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartoon character created by Walt Disney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huckleberry Finn", + "Huck Finn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mischievous boy in a novel by Mark Twain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rip van Winkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title character in a story by Washington Irving about a man who sleeps for 20 years and doesn't recognize the world when he wakens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruritanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary inhabitant of Ruritania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarzan", + "Tarzan of the Apes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man raised by apes who was the hero of a series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tom Sawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boy hero of a novel by Mark Twain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uncle Remus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fictional storyteller of tales written in the Black Vernacular and set in the South; the tales were first collected and published in book form in 1880" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uncle Tom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servile black character in a novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uncle Sam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personification of the United States government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherlock Holmes", + "Holmes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictitious detective in stories by A. Conan Doyle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simon Legree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cruel slave dealer in an anti-slavery novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinbad the Sailor", + "Sinbad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Arabian Nights a hero who tells of the fantastic adventures he had in his voyages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snoopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional beagle in a comic strip drawn by Charles Schulz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person considered as a unique individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number one" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reference to yourself or myself etc.; `take care of number one' means to put your own interests first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adult", + "grownup" + ], + "it": [ + "adulto", + "grande" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fully developed person from maturity onward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventurer", + "venturer" + ], + "it": [ + "avventuriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys taking risks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has a special interest in exceptional cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anomaly", + "unusual person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is unusual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anachronism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seems to be displaced in time; who belongs to another age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ananias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a habitual liar (after a New Testament character who was struck dead for lying)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Parisian gangster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applicant", + "applier" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirante", + "richiedente", + "postulante", + "candidato", + "richieditore", + "istante", + "instante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointee", + "appointment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is appointed to a job or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argonaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone engaged in a dangerous but potentially rewarding adventure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashkenazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jew of eastern European or German descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendant", + "attender", + "attendee", + "meeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is present and participates in a meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auctioneer" + ], + "it": [ + "banditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who conducts an auction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behaviorist", + "behaviourist" + ], + "it": [ + "behaviorista", + "comportamentista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychologist who subscribes to behaviorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefactor", + "helper" + ], + "it": [ + "benefattore", + "beneficatore", + "filantropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who helps people or institutions (especially with financial help)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefactress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman benefactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalist" + ], + "it": [ + "capitalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captor", + "capturer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi ha catturato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who captures and holds people or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who casts molten metal into finished products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "changer", + "modifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who changes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coadjutor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant to a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cofounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a group of founders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color-blind person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person unable to distinguish differences in hue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commoner", + "common man", + "common person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds no title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who communicates with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conservative Jew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jew who keeps some requirements of Mosaic law but adapts others to suit modern circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone appointed by a court to assume responsibility for the interests of a minor or incompetent person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constituent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a constituency; a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contestee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winner (of a race or an election etc.) whose victory is contested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who contests an outcome (of a race or an election etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Contra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the guerrilla force that opposed a left-wing government in Nicaragua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrapuntist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composer who specializes in counterpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investor who deliberately decides to go against the prevailing wisdom of other investors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumer" + ], + "it": [ + "consumatore", + "fruitore", + "utente", + "utilizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contadino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian farmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contestant" + ], + "it": [ + "concorrente", + "contendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who participates in competitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eccentric or undignified rustic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosigner", + "cosignatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more signers of the same document (as a treaty or declaration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosigner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signer in addition to the principal signer (to verify the authenticity of the principal signature or to provide surety)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coward" + ], + "it": [ + "vigliacco", + "pauroso", + "fifone", + "pusillanime", + "pavido", + "codardo", + "cacasotto", + "vile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shows fear or timidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creator" + ], + "it": [ + "creatore", + "artefice", + "fattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who grows or makes or invents things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defender", + "guardian", + "protector", + "shielder" + ], + "it": [ + "difensore", + "guardiano", + "custode", + "protettore", + "avvocato", + "tutore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who cares for persons or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defender", + "withstander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter who holds out against attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discussant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a formal discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disputant", + "controversialist", + "eristic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who disputes; who is good at or enjoys controversy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineer", + "applied scientist", + "technologist" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegnere", + "tecnologo", + "engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enologist", + "oenologist", + "fermentologist" + ], + "it": [ + "enologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in wine making" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensign" + ], + "it": [ + "alfiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant junior grade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertainer" + ], + "it": [ + "intrattenitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tries to please or amuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eulogist", + "panegyrist" + ], + "it": [ + "panegirista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orator who delivers eulogies or panegyrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavator" + ], + "it": [ + "escavatore", + "escavatorista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who excavates for foundations of buildings or for quarrying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-gambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former gambler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-mayor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former mayor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimenter" + ], + "it": [ + "esperimentatore", + "sperimentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a research worker who conducts experiments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experimenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys testing innovative ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expert" + ], + "it": [ + "esperto", + "esperta", + "competente", + "maestro", + "maestra", + "perito", + "specialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona abile nel fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exponent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who expounds and interprets or explains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-president" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "faccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a person that is used to refer to a person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female", + "female person" + ], + "it": [ + "femmina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who belongs to the sex that can have babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who performs the last step in a manufacturing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who applies a finishing coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racing driver who finishes a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individualist" + ], + "it": [ + "individualista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pursues independent thought or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhabitant", + "habitant", + "dweller", + "denizen", + "indweller" + ], + "it": [ + "abitante", + "abitatore", + "anima", + "popolatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who inhabits a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native", + "indigen", + "indigene", + "aborigine", + "aboriginal" + ], + "it": [ + "aborigeno", + "aborigeno d'Australia", + "nativo", + "autoctono", + "indigeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an indigenous person who was born in a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person born in a particular place or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innocent", + "inexperienced person" + ], + "it": [ + "innocente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lacks knowledge of evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intellectual", + "intellect" + ], + "it": [ + "intellettuale", + "mente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses the mind creatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juvenile", + "juvenile person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young person, not fully developed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lover" + ], + "it": [ + "amante", + "amico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who loves someone or is loved by someone" + ], + "it": [ + "persona a cui si è legati in una relazione amorosa extraconiugale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a significant other to whom you are not related by marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loved one" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who you love, usually a member of your family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leader" + ], + "it": [ + "capo", + "leader", + "guru", + "capintesta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rules or guides or inspires others" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che guida o inspira altri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male", + "male person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who belongs to the sex that cannot have babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediator", + "go-between", + "intermediator", + "intermediary", + "intercessor" + ], + "it": [ + "intermediario", + "mediatore", + "mezzano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiator who acts as a link between parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a mediator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "money handler", + "money dealer" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiamonete", + "cambiavalute", + "cambista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who receives or invests or pays out money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monochromat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is completely color-blind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naprapath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who practices naprapathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "national", + "subject" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadino", + "suddito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owes allegiance to that nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nativist" + ], + "it": [ + "innatista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who subscribes to nativism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonreligious person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does not manifest devotion to a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does nothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peer", + "equal", + "match", + "compeer" + ], + "it": [ + "eguale", + "pari", + "uguale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is of equal standing with another in a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perceiver", + "percipient", + "observer", + "beholder" + ], + "it": [ + "osservatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person situated on a perch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precursor", + "forerunner" + ], + "it": [ + "precursore", + "precorritore", + "predecessore", + "vessillifero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who goes before or announces the coming of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preteen", + "preteenager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preadolescent boy or girl (usually between 9 and 12 years of age)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primitive", + "primitive person" + ], + "it": [ + "primitivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who belongs to an early stage of civilization" + ], + "it": [ + "appartanente a una popolazione preistorica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prize winner", + "lottery winner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the winner of a lottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recipient", + "receiver" + ], + "it": [ + "destinatario", + "ricevente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who receives something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona religiosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who manifests devotion to a deity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person addicted to religion or a religious zealot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensualist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys sensuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket agent", + "booking clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "bigliettaio", + "controllore", + "impiegato della biglietteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells tickets (e.g., theater seats or travel accommodations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket holder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holder of a ticket (for admission or for passage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveler", + "traveller" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who changes location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfortunate", + "unfortunate person" + ], + "it": [ + "mal capitato", + "malcapitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who suffers misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwelcome person", + "persona non grata" + ], + "it": [ + "persona non grata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who for some reason is not wanted or welcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpleasant person", + "disagreeable person" + ], + "it": [ + "antipatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not pleasant or agreeable" + ], + "it": [ + "un apersona che non è simpatca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unskilled person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lacks technical training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worker" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore", + "lavoratrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who works at a specific occupation" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che ha un lavoro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrongdoer", + "offender" + ], + "it": [ + "contravventore", + "malfattore", + "offensore", + "reo", + "rompitore", + "trasgreditore", + "trasgressore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who transgresses moral or civil law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African" + ], + "it": [ + "africano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black African" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an African who is Black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afrikaner", + "Afrikander", + "Boer" + ], + "it": [ + "africander", + "afrikander", + "boero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white native of Cape Province who is a descendant of Dutch settlers and who speaks Afrikaans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aryan", + "Indo-European" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the prehistoric people who spoke Proto-Indo European" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aryan" + ], + "it": [ + "ariano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(according to Nazi doctrine) a Caucasian person of Nordic descent (and not a Jew)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "person of color", + "person of colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formal) any non-European non-white person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black", + "Black person", + "blackamoor", + "Negro", + "Negroid" + ], + "it": [ + "moro", + "negro", + "negroide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Negress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Black woman or girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black race", + "Negroid race", + "Negro race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark-skinned race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African-American", + "African American", + "Afro-American", + "Black American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American whose ancestors were born in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black man" + ], + "it": [ + "nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is Black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is Black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul brother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow Black man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colored person", + "colored" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States term for Blacks that is now considered offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darky", + "darkie", + "darkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for Black people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boy" + ], + "it": [ + "servo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive and disparaging term for Black man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nigger", + "nigga", + "spade", + "coon", + "jigaboo", + "nigra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) extremely offensive name for a Black person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tom", + "Uncle Tom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive and derogatory name for a Black man who is abjectly servile and deferential to Whites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offspring of a black and a white parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offspring of a mulatto and a white parent; a person who is one-quarter black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octoroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offspring of a quadroon and a white parent; a person who is one-eighth black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "White person", + "Caucasian" + ], + "it": [ + "bianco", + "caucasico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Caucasoid race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White race", + "White people", + "Caucasoid race", + "Caucasian race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light-skinned race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Circassian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Sunni Muslim people living in northwestern Caucasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abkhaz", + "Abkhazian", + "Abkhas", + "Abkhasian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Circassian people who live to the east of the Black Sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a derogatory term for a white person (supposedly used by North American Indians)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Semite" + ], + "it": [ + "semita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of Semitic-speaking peoples of the Middle East and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian" + ], + "it": [ + "babilonese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Babylon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaldean", + "Chaldaean", + "Chaldee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Chaldea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assyrian" + ], + "it": [ + "assiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Assyria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kassite", + "Cassite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient people who ruled Babylonia between 1600 and 1200 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elamite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient warlike people living in Elam east of Babylonia as early as 3000 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phoenician" + ], + "it": [ + "fenicio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Semitic people who dominated trade in the first millennium B.C." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white man" + ], + "it": [ + "bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is White" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is White" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white trash", + "poor white trash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) an offensive term for White people who are impoverished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitey", + "honky", + "honkey", + "honkie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) offensive names for a White man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "WASP", + "white Anglo-Saxon Protestant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white person of Anglo-Saxon ancestry who belongs to a Protestant denomination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian", + "Asiatic" + ], + "it": [ + "asiatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asian American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who is of Asian descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coolie", + "cooly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) an offensive name for an unskilled Asian laborer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriental", + "oriental person" + ], + "it": [ + "orientale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Oriental race; the term is regarded as offensive by Asians (especially by Asian Americans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yellow race", + "Mongoloid race", + "Mongolian race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Asian race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive term for an Asian man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive term for an Asian woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gook", + "slant-eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a disparaging term for an Asian person (especially for North Vietnamese soldiers in the Vietnam War)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evenki", + "Ewenki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people inhabiting an area of northern Mongolia and eastern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongol", + "Mongolian" + ], + "it": [ + "mongolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the nomadic peoples of Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Turkic-speaking people living from the Volga to the Ural Mountains (the name has been attributed to many other groups)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Udmurt", + "Votyak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Finno-Ugric-speaking people living in eastern European Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatar", + "Tartar", + "Mongol Tatar" + ], + "it": [ + "tartaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mongolian people of central Asia who invaded Russia in the 13th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amerindian", + "Native American" + ], + "it": [ + "amerindiano", + "amerindio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the peoples living in North or South America before the Europeans arrived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian", + "American Indian", + "Red Indian" + ], + "it": [ + "indiano", + "pellerossa", + "pellirossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the race of people living in America when Europeans arrived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brave" + ], + "it": [ + "guerriero pellerossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a North American Indian warrior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abnaki", + "Abenaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people of Maine and southern Quebec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achomawi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Achomawi community of northeastern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akwa'ala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Akwa'ala community in Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alabama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in what is now the state of Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algonkian", + "Algonkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people in the Ottawa river valley of Ontario and Quebec" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algonquian", + "Algonquin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of the North American Indian groups speaking an Algonquian language and originally living in the subarctic regions of eastern Canada; many Algonquian tribes migrated south into the woodlands from the Mississippi River to the Atlantic coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anasazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Native American who lived in what is now southern Colorado and Utah and northern Arizona and New Mexico and who built cliff dwellings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atakapa", + "Attacapan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Indian people formerly living along the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athapaskan", + "Athapascan", + "Athabaskan", + "Athabascan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of the North American Indian groups speaking an Athapaskan language and living in the subarctic regions of western Canada and central Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian race", + "Amerindian race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually included in the Mongoloid race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayan", + "Maya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an American Indian people of Yucatan and Belize and Guatemala who had a culture (which reached its peak between AD 300 and 900) characterized by outstanding architecture and pottery and astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nahuatl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of various Indian peoples of central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aztec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Nahuatl people who established an empire in Mexico that was overthrown by Cortes in 1519" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olmec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an early Mesoamerican civilization centered around Veracruz that flourished between 1300 and 400 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toltec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Nahuatl speaking people of central and southern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zapotec", + "Zapotecan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a large tribe of Mesoamericans living in southern Mexico whose civilization flourished around 300 to 900" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plains Indian", + "Buffalo Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of the tribes of American Indians who lived a nomadic life following the buffalo in the Great Plains of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apache" + ], + "it": [ + "apache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of Athapaskan tribes that migrated to the southwestern desert (from Arizona to Texas and south into Mexico); fought a losing battle from 1861 to 1886 with the United States and were resettled in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arapaho", + "Arapahoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a tribe of Plains Indians formerly inhabiting eastern Colorado and Wyoming (now living in Oklahoma and Wyoming)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arikara", + "Aricara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Caddo people who formerly lived in the Dakotas west of the Missouri river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atsugewi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biloxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of southeastern Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a warlike group of Algonquians living in the northwestern plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caddo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of Plains Indians formerly living in what is now North and South Dakota and Nebraska and Kansas and Arkansas and Louisiana and Oklahoma and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cakchiquel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mayan people living in south central Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catawba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly living in the Carolinas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cayuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Iroquoian people formerly living around Cayuga Lake in New York State" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherokee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Iroquoian people formerly living in the Appalachian Mountains but now chiefly in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheyenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living on the western plains (now living in Oklahoma and Montana)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chickasaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in northern Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimakum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Salishan people living in northwestern Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimariko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an extinct North American Indian people formerly living in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an important North American Indian people who controlled the mouth of the Columbia river; they were organized into settlements rather than tribes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chipewyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Athapaskan people living in western Canada between Great Slave Lake and Hudson Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Choctaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochimi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living in central Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocopa", + "Cocopah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living around the mouth of the Colorado River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coeur d'Alene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Amerindian people living in northern Idaho around Coeur d'Alene Lake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comanche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Shoshonean people who formerly lived between Wyoming and the Mexican border but are now chiefly in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Algonquian people formerly living in Maryland between Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac river; allies of the Nanticoke people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Costanoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living in coastal California between Monterey and San Francisco Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Algonquian people living in central Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the Creek Confederacy (especially the Muskogee) formerly living in Georgia and Alabama but now chiefly in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly living in eastern Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of the northern Mississippi valley; commonly called the Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delaware" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Algonquian people formerly living in New Jersey and New York and parts of Delaware and Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dhegiha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of a Siouan people speaking one of the Dhegiha languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diegueno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Iroquoian people formerly living on the south shore of Lake Erie in northern Ohio and northwest Pennsylvania and western New York" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esselen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living on the California coast near Monterey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Essene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ascetic Jewish sect around the time of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eyeish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Caddo people of northeastern Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Algonquian people formerly living west of Lake Michigan along the Fox River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a seafaring group of North American Indians who lived on the Pacific coast of British Columbia and southwestern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halchidhoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of the Colorado river valley near the mouth of the Gila river; allied to the Maricopa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Havasupai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of Cataract Canyon in Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hidatsa", + "Gros Ventre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Sioux people formerly inhabiting an area along the Missouri river in western North Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hitchiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in Georgia; a member of the Creek Confederacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Shoshonean people of northeastern Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hokan", + "Hoka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people speaking one of the Hokan languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunkpapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux and who formerly lived in the western Dakotas; they were prominent in resisting the white encroachment into the northern Great Plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hupa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Athapaskan people of the Trinity River valley in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illinois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly of Illinois and regions to the west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iowa", + "Ioway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Iowa and Minnesota and Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iroquois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the warlike North American Indian peoples formerly living in New York State; the Iroquois League were allies of the British during the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalapooia", + "Kalapuya", + "Calapooya", + "Calapuya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people of Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of southeastern California and northwestern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansa", + "Kansas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of the Kansas river valley in Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of the Klamath river valley in northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kekchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Mayan people of north central Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kichai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Caddo people formerly living in north central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kickapoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly inhabiting southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiliwa", + "Kiliwi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living in northern Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kiowa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Tanoan people living in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koasati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in northern Alabama; a member of the Creek Confederacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kusan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people of Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kwakiutl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Wakashan people living around Queen Charlotte Sound and on northern Vancouver Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maidu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living east of the Sacramento river in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malecite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people of northeastern Maine and New Brunswick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Mayan people of southwestern Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maricopa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of the Gila river valley in Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massachuset", + "Massachusetts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people who formerly lived around Massachusetts Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mattole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Athapaskan people living in northwestern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menomini", + "Menominee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the federally recognized tribe of Algonquian people living on a reservation in central Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miniconju" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missouri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly inhabiting the valley of the Missouri river in Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the extinct Algonquian people formerly living in northern Indiana and southern Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micmac", + "Mikmaq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people inhabiting the Maritime Provinces of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miwok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people living in the central Sierra Nevada in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohave", + "Mojave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people formerly living in the Colorado river valley in Arizona and Nevada and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living along the Mohawk River in New York State" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohican", + "Mahican" + ], + "it": [ + "mohicano", + "moicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly living in the Hudson valley and eastward to the Housatonic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muskhogean", + "Muskogean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of the peoples formerly living in southeastern United States and speaking Muskhogean languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muskogee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people formerly living in Georgia and eastern Alabama and constituting the core of the Creek Confederacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanticoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly of Maryland and eastern Delaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navaho", + "Navajo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Athapaskan people that migrated to Arizona and New Mexico and Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nez Perce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a tribe of the Shahaptian people living on the pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nootka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Wakashan people living on Vancouver Island and in the Cape Flattery region of northwestern Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people living in the Yazoo river valley in Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oglala", + "Ogalala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux and who formerly inhabited the Black Hills of western South Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ojibwa", + "Ojibway", + "Chippewa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Algonquian people who lived west of Lake Superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omaha", + "Maha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly living in the Missouri river valley in northeastern Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Missouri in the valleys of the Missouri and Osage rivers; oil was found on Osage lands early in the 20th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oneida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living east of Lake Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onondaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living between Lake Champlain and the Saint Lawrence River" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oto", + "Otoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people inhabiting the valleys of the Platte and Missouri rivers in Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people of southern Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paiute", + "Piute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of either of two Shoshonean peoples (northern Paiute and southern Paiute) related to the Aztecs and living in the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pamlico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly of the Pamlico river valley in North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Passamaquody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people related to the Malecite and living in northeastern Maine and New Brunswick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people living in the Sacramento valley in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pawnee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Pawnee nation formerly living in Nebraska and Kansas but now largely in Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penobscot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people belonging to the Abnaki confederacy and living in the Penobscot valley in northern Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penutian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people speaking one of the Penutian languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people living in southern Arizona and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Indian people of northern California living along the Russian River valley and adjacent Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ponca", + "Ponka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of the Missouri river valley in northeastern Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potawatomi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people originally of Michigan and Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powhatan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people who formerly lived in eastern Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pueblo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of about two dozen Native American peoples called `Pueblos' by the Spanish because they live in pueblos (villages built of adobe and rock)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kachina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deified spirit of the Pueblo people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quapaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of the Arkansas river valley in Arkansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mayan people of south central Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Redskin", + "Injun", + "red man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) offensive term for Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of North American Indians speaking a Salishan language and living on the northwest coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santee", + "Santee Sioux", + "Santee Dakota", + "Eastern Sioux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the eastern branch of the Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sauk", + "Sac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly living in Wisconsin in the Fox River valley and on the shores of Green Bay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seminole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muskhogean people who moved into Florida in the 18th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seneca" + ], + "it": [ + "Seneca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living in New York State south of Lake Ontario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shahaptian", + "Sahaptin", + "Sahaptino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people who lived in Oregon along the Columbia river and its tributaries in Washington and northern Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Indian people of northern California and southern Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shawnee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people formerly living along the Tennessee river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shoshone", + "Shoshoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people (related to the Aztecs) of the southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sihasapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sioux", + "Siouan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of North American Indian peoples who spoke a Siouan language and who ranged from Lake Michigan to the Rocky Mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teton", + "Lakota", + "Teton Sioux", + "Teton Dakota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the large western branch of Sioux people which was made up of several groups that lived on the plains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skagit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Salish people in northwestern Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Takelma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of southwestern Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Pueblo people living in northern New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taracahitian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of peoples of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cahita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Taracahitian people of central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarahumara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Taracahitian people of north central Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tlingit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a seafaring group of North American Indians living in southern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tsimshian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Penutian people who lived on rivers and a sound in British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscarora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Iroquois people who formerly lived in North Carolina and then moved to New York State and joined the Iroquois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tutelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people of Virginia and North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Two Kettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan people who constituted a division of the Teton Sioux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Shoshonean people of Utah and Colorado and New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wakashan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of the peoples in British Columbia and Washington who speak the Wakashan language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wampanoag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Algonquian people of Rhode Island and Massachusetts who greeted the Pilgrims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walapai", + "Hualapai", + "Hualpai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American people formerly living in the Colorado river valley in Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wichita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Caddo people formerly living between Kansas and central Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winnebago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Siouan-speaking people formerly living in eastern Wisconsin south of Green Bay; ally of the Menomini and enemy of the Fox and Sauk people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wintun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people living in the Sacramento valley in California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yahi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an extinct North American Indian people who lived in northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an extinct North American Indian people who lived in northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yavapai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a North American Indian people of central Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yokuts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people of the San Joaquin Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yucatec", + "Yucateco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mayan people of the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the North American Indian people of Arizona and adjacent Mexico and California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zuni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Pueblo people living in western New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes included in the Caucasian race; native to the subcontinent of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian" + ], + "it": [ + "indiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Assamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native or inhabitant of the state of Assam in northeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dravidian" + ], + "it": [ + "dravida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of the aboriginal races of India (pushed south by Caucasians and now mixed with them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Badaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an agricultural people of southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gadaba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an agricultural people in southeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a formerly tribal people in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kanarese", + "Canarese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Kannada-speaking group of people living chiefly in Kanara in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kolam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a formerly tribal people now living in south central India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kota", + "Kotar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Dravidian people living in the Nilgiri Hills in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Dravidian people living in southeastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Dravidian people living in northern Bengal in eastern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Dravidian people living in southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the mixed Dravidian and Caucasian people of southern India and Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telugu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people in southeastern India (Andhra Pradesh) who speak the Telugu language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a pastoral people living in the Nilgiri Hills of southern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Dravidian people living on the southwestern coast of India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gujarati", + "Gujerati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people of Gujarat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kashmiri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people of Kashmir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people in India living in Orissa and neighboring areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Punjabi", + "Panjabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the majority people of Punjab in northwestern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maratha", + "Mahratta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people of India living in Maharashtra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aborigine", + "Abo", + "Aboriginal", + "native Australian", + "Australian Aborigine" + ], + "it": [ + "aborigeno d'Australia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark-skinned member of a race of people living in Australia when Europeans arrived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slavic people", + "Slavic race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a race of people speaking a Slavonic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slav" + ], + "it": [ + "slavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the people of eastern Europe or Asian Russia who speak a Slavonic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early French settler in the Maritimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cajun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Louisianian descended from Acadian immigrants from Nova Scotia (`Cajun' comes from `Acadian')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anabaptist" + ], + "it": [ + "anabattista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherent of Anabaptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mennonite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Anabaptist movement in Holland noted for its simplicity of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American follower of the Mennonite religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dunker", + "Dunkard", + "Tunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Baptistic doctrines (who practice baptism by immersion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian" + ], + "it": [ + "cristiano", + "fedele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christian Scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Protestant church founded in the United States by Mary Baker Eddy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adventist", + "Second Adventist" + ], + "it": [ + "avventista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of Christian denomination that expects the imminent advent of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentile", + "non-Jew", + "goy" + ], + "it": [ + "gentile", + "politeista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian as contrasted with a Jew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentile" + ], + "it": [ + "gentile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not a member of one's own religion; used in this sense by Mormons and Hindus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Protestant" + ], + "it": [ + "riformato", + "protestante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Protestantism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friend", + "Quaker" + ], + "it": [ + "quacchero", + "quacquero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Religious Society of Friends founded by George Fox (the Friends have never called themselves Quakers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catholic" + ], + "it": [ + "cattolico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Catholic church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-Catholic" + ], + "it": [ + "non cattolico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious person who is not a Catholic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglican Catholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Anglican Church who emphasizes its Catholic character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek Catholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Greek Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Catholic" + ], + "it": [ + "cattolico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papist" + ], + "it": [ + "papista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for Roman Catholics; originally, a Roman Catholic who was a strong advocate of the papacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old Catholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the church formed in the 19th century by German Catholics who refused to accept the infallibility of the Pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uniat", + "Uniate", + "Uniate Christian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Uniat Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copt" + ], + "it": [ + "cofto", + "copto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Coptic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jew", + "Hebrew", + "Israelite" + ], + "it": [ + "ebreo", + "giudeo", + "israelita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a Jew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kike", + "hymie", + "sheeny", + "yid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a Jew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muslim", + "Moslem" + ], + "it": [ + "islamita", + "maomettano", + "mussulmano", + "musulmano", + "saraceno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in or follower of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orthodox Muslim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Almoravid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Muslim dynasty of Berber warriors that flourished from 1049 to 1145 and that established political dominance over northwestern Africa and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jihadist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim who is involved in a jihad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shiite", + "Shi'ite", + "Shiite Muslim", + "Shi'ite Muslim", + "Shia Muslim" + ], + "it": [ + "sciita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali as the legitimate successor to Mohammed and rejects the first three caliphs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunnite", + "Sunni", + "Sunni Muslim" + ], + "it": [ + "sunnita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buddhist" + ], + "it": [ + "buddhista", + "buddista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who follows the teachings of Buddha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zen Buddhist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of the doctrines of Zen Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahayanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Mahayana Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinayanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Hinayana Buddhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamaist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Buddhism) an adherent of Lamaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tantrist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Tantrism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu", + "Hindoo" + ], + "it": [ + "induista", + "indù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who adheres to Hinduism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swami" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu religious teacher; used as a title of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chela" + ], + "it": [ + "novizio buddista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu disciple of a swami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jainist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in Jainism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hare Krishna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worshipper of Krishna and member of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaktist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worshipper of Shakti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shivaist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worshipper of Shiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaishnava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worshipper of Vishnu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shintoist" + ], + "it": [ + "scintoista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in Shintoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rastafarian", + "Rasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follower of Rastafarianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mithraist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherent of Mithraism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoroastrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follower of Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurafrican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of mixed European and African descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian" + ], + "it": [ + "eurasiatico", + "euroasiatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of mixed European and Asian descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European" + ], + "it": [ + "europeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Europe" + ], + "it": [ + "nativo o abitante dell'Europa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sahib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a term of respect for important white Europeans in colonial India; used after the name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memsahib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman sahib" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celt", + "Kelt" + ], + "it": [ + "celta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a European people who once occupied Britain and Spain and Gaul prior to Roman times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Gaelic-speaking Celt in Ireland or Scotland or the Isle of Man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Briton" + ], + "it": [ + "britannico", + "britanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of southern Britain prior to the Anglo-Saxon invasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaul" + ], + "it": [ + "gallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Celt of ancient Gaul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galatian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Galatia in Asia Minor (especially a member of a people believed to have been Gauls who conquered Galatia in the 3rd century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frank" + ], + "it": [ + "franco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salian Frank", + "Salian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the tribe of Franks who settled in the Netherlands in the 4th century AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teuton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the ancient Germanic people who migrated from Jutland to southern Gaul and were annihilated by the Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afghan", + "Afghanistani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kafir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Kafir people in northeastern Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pathan", + "Pashtun", + "Pushtun", + "Pashtoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the mountain people living in the eastern regions of Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albanian" + ], + "it": [ + "albanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Albania" + ], + "it": [ + "persona nativa od abitante dell'Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algerian" + ], + "it": [ + "algerino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Algeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Altaic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the peoples speaking a language in the Altaic language group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armenian" + ], + "it": [ + "armeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Armenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andorran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Andorra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angolan" + ], + "it": [ + "angolano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angolese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Bantu tribes resident in Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anguillan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the island of Anguilla in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antiguan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Antigua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argentinian" + ], + "it": [ + "argentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Argentina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Australian", + "Aussie" + ], + "it": [ + "australiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austronesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Austronesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austrian" + ], + "it": [ + "austriaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahamian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Bahamas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahraini", + "Bahreini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bahrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bangladeshi" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "abitante del Bangladesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bangladesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a subgroup of people who inhabit Lesotho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basque" + ], + "it": [ + "basco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people of unknown origin living in the western Pyrenees in France and Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bengali" + ], + "it": [ + "bengalese", + "bengali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) a member of a people living in Bangladesh and West Bengal (mainly Hindus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bantu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of a large number of linguistically related peoples of Central and South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a pastoral Bantu people living in Namibia, Botswana, and Angola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hutu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Bantu people living in Rwanda and Burundi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luba", + "Chiluba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Bantu people in southeastern Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sotho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Bantu people who inhabit Botswana, Lesotho, and northern South Africa and who speak the Sotho languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tswana", + "Bechuana", + "Batswana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Bantu people living chiefly in Botswana and western South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tutsi", + "Watutsi", + "Watusi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Bantu speaking people living in Rwanda and Burundi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Barbados" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belgian" + ], + "it": [ + "belga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beninese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Benin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermudan", + "Bermudian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bermuda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bhutanese", + "Bhutani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bhutan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolivian" + ], + "it": [ + "boliviano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bornean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Borneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian" + ], + "it": [ + "brasiliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carioca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Rio de Janeiro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tupi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the South American Indian people living in Brazil and Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guarani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the South American people living in Paraguay and Bolivia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maraco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the South American people living in Argentina and Bolivia and Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruneian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Brunei" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bulgarian" + ], + "it": [ + "bulgaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bulgaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burmese" + ], + "it": [ + "birmano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Myanmar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burundian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Burundi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byelorussian", + "Belorussian", + "White Russian" + ], + "it": [ + "belorusso", + "bielorusso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Byelorussia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byzantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Byzantium or of the Byzantine Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cambodian", + "Kampuchean" + ], + "it": [ + "cambogiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cambodia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cameroonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cameroon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canadian" + ], + "it": [ + "canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French Canadian" + ], + "it": [ + "franco-canadese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Canadian descended from early French settlers and whose native language is French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for Canadians in general and French Canadians in particular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carthaginian" + ], + "it": [ + "cartaginese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of ancient Carthage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cebuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabitant of the island of Cebu; a member of the Visayan people of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Central American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Chad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chewa", + "Cewa", + "Chichewa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Bantu-speaking people of Malawi and eastern Zambia and northern Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean" + ], + "it": [ + "cileno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese" + ], + "it": [ + "cinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Communist China or of Nationalist China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chink", + "Chinaman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Chinese descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colombian" + ], + "it": [ + "colombiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Colombia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congolese" + ], + "it": [ + "congolese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Republic of the Congo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Costa Rican" + ], + "it": [ + "costaricano", + "costaricense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Costa Rica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuban" + ], + "it": [ + "cubano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cuba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cypriot", + "Cypriote", + "Cyprian" + ], + "it": [ + "cipriota", + "cipriotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cyprus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czechoslovakian", + "Czechoslovak", + "Czech" + ], + "it": [ + "cecoslovacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the former republic of Czechoslovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of inhabitant of the Czech Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Slovakia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dane" + ], + "it": [ + "danese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Denmark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch", + "Dutch people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of the Netherlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Friesland or Frisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zealander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Djiboutian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Djibouti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the East Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ecuadorian", + "Ecuadoran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Ecuador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian" + ], + "it": [ + "egiziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Egyptian descended from the ancient Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salvadoran", + "Salvadorian", + "Salvadorean" + ], + "it": [ + "salvadoregno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of El Salvador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Britisher", + "Briton", + "Brit" + ], + "it": [ + "britannico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Englishman" + ], + "it": [ + "inglese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a native or inhabitant of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Englishwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a native or inhabitant of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Saxon" + ], + "it": [ + "anglosassone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of England prior to the Norman Conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Saxon" + ], + "it": [ + "anglosassone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of Anglo-Saxon (especially British) descent whose native tongue is English and whose culture is strongly influenced by English culture as in WASP for `White Anglo-Saxon Protestant'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of English citizenship born or living in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Saxons and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxon" + ], + "it": [ + "sassone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Saxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Wessex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Saxons to become Anglo-Saxons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lombard", + "Langobard" + ], + "it": [ + "longobardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Germanic people who invaded northern Italy in the 6th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limey", + "John Bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man of English descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pommy", + "pom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disparaging term for a British person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cantabrigian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Cambridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornishman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a native or inhabitant of Cornwall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornishwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a native or resident of Cornwall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancastrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Lancaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancastrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member (or supporter) of the house of Lancaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geordie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Newcastle-upon-Tyne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanoverian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member (or supporter) of the house of Hanover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liverpudlian", + "Scouser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Liverpool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Londoner" + ], + "it": [ + "londinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cockney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of the east end of London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mancunian" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Manchester" + ], + "it": [ + "abitante di Manchester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Oxford" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethiopian" + ], + "it": [ + "etiope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ewe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people living in southern Benin and Togo and southeastern Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulani", + "Fula", + "Fulah", + "Fellata", + "Fulbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a pastoral and nomadic people of western Africa; they are traditionally cattle herders of Muslim faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amhara" + ], + "it": [ + "amarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Semitic speaking people of northern Ethiopia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eritrean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Eritrea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fijian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Fiji" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finn" + ], + "it": [ + "finlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Finland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fleming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Flanders or a Flemish-speaking Belgian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Komi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Finnish people living in the northwestern Urals in Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheremis", + "Cheremiss", + "Mari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a rural Finnish people living in eastern Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ingrian", + "Inger", + "Ingerman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of western Finnish people formerly living in the Baltic province where Saint Petersburg was built" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karelian", + "Carelian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Finnish people living in Karelia in northwestern European Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostyak", + "Khanty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the nomadic Ugrian people living in northwestern Siberia (east of the Urals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Livonian-speaking people of Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latvian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Latvia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lithuanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Lithuania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mordva", + "Mordvin", + "Mordvinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the agricultural people living in the central Volga provinces of European Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nganasan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Samoyedic people living on the Taimyr Peninsula in Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selkup", + "Ostyak-Samoyed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the people of mixed Ostyak and Samoyed origin in Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoyed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Samoyedic-speaking person in northwestern Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veps", + "Vepse", + "Vepsian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Finnish people of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vogul", + "Mansi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a nomadic people of the northern Urals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yeniseian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of the groups living in the Yenisei river valley in western Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frenchman", + "Frenchwoman", + "French person" + ], + "it": [ + "francese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of French nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog", + "Gaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of French descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parisian" + ], + "it": [ + "parigino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parisienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female native or resident of Paris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Breton" + ], + "it": [ + "bretone", + "brettone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savoyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Savoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angevin", + "Angevine" + ], + "it": [ + "abitante di Angiò" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Anjou" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of the Balkan Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castillian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Castile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person descended from French ancestors in southern United States (especially Louisiana)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Creole" + ], + "it": [ + "creolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of European descent born in the West Indies or Latin America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cretan" + ], + "it": [ + "cretese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Crete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Cretan who lived in the bronze-age culture of Crete about 3000-1100 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gabonese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Gabon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greek", + "Hellene" + ], + "it": [ + "greco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Achaean", + "Achaian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of four linguistic divisions of the prehistoric Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeolian", + "Eolian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of four linguistic divisions of the prehistoric Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of four linguistic divisions of the prehistoric Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of four linguistic divisions of the prehistoric Greeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athenian" + ], + "it": [ + "ateniese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Athens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corinthian" + ], + "it": [ + "corintio", + "corinzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Corinth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laconian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Laconia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesbian" + ], + "it": [ + "lesbico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Lesbos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spartan" + ], + "it": [ + "spartano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Sparta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arcadian" + ], + "it": [ + "arcade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Arcadia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek inhabitant of ancient Thebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Egyptian inhabitant of ancient Thebes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thracian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Thrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guatemalan" + ], + "it": [ + "guatemalteco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Guatemala" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guyanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Guyana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haitian" + ], + "it": [ + "haitiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Haiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honduran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Honduras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malay", + "Malayan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people inhabiting the northern Malay Peninsula and Malaysia and parts of the western Malay Archipelago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the predominantly Muslim people in the southern Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Netherlander", + "Dutchman", + "Hollander" + ], + "it": [ + "olandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Holland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman" + ], + "it": [ + "normanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Normandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestinian", + "Palestinian Arab" + ], + "it": [ + "palestinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a descendant of the Arabs who inhabited Palestine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindu", + "Hindoo", + "Hindustani" + ], + "it": [ + "indostano", + "indù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Hindustan or India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hmong", + "Miao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a people living traditionally in mountain villages in southern China and adjacent areas of Vietnam and Laos and Thailand; many have emigrated to the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian", + "Magyar" + ], + "it": [ + "ungherese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Hungary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Icelander" + ], + "it": [ + "islandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Iceland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian" + ], + "it": [ + "indonesiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irani", + "Iranian", + "Persian" + ], + "it": [ + "iraniano", + "persiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi", + "Iraki" + ], + "it": [ + "iracheno", + "irakeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Iraq" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish person", + "Irelander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irishman" + ], + "it": [ + "irlandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a native or inhabitant of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irishwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a native or inhabitant of Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dubliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Dublin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paddy", + "Mick", + "Mickey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Irish descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israelite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the ancient kingdom of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Israeli" + ], + "it": [ + "israeliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabra" + ], + "it": [ + "sabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native-born Israeli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian" + ], + "it": [ + "italiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Italy" + ], + "it": [ + "persona nativa od abitante dell'Italia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wop", + "dago", + "ginzo", + "Guinea", + "greaseball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Italian descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Etruscan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of ancient Etruria; the Etruscans influenced the Romans (who had suppressed them by about 200 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neopolitan" + ], + "it": [ + "napoletano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Naples" + ], + "it": [ + "persona nativa o abitante della città di Napoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman" + ], + "it": [ + "romano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of modern Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of the ancient Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Oscan-speaking people of the central Apennines north of Rome who were conquered and assimilated into the Roman state in 290 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venetian" + ], + "it": [ + "veneziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Venice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sicilian" + ], + "it": [ + "siciliano", + "siculo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Sicily" + ], + "it": [ + "nativo o abitante della regione Sicilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuscan" + ], + "it": [ + "toscano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Tuscany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oscan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Oscan-speaking member of an ancient people of Campania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samnite" + ], + "it": [ + "sannita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Oscan-speaking member of an ancient people of Campania who clashed repeatedly with the early Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamaican" + ], + "it": [ + "giamaicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese", + "Nipponese" + ], + "it": [ + "giapponese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ryukyuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Japanese people living on the Ryukyu Islands southwest of Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jap", + "Nip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(offensive slang) offensive term for a person of Japanese descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jordanian" + ], + "it": [ + "giordano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Jordan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korean" + ], + "it": [ + "coreano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Korea who speaks the Korean language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Korean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Korean from North Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Korean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Korean from South Korea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenyan" + ], + "it": [ + "keniota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Kenya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a largely pastoral Islamic people who live in Kurdistan; the largest ethnic group without their own state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuwaiti" + ], + "it": [ + "kuwaitiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Kuwait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lao", + "Laotian" + ], + "it": [ + "laotiano", + "laoziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Buddhist people inhabiting the area of the Mekong River in Laos and Thailand and speaking the Lao language; related to the Thais" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lapp", + "Lapplander", + "Sami", + "Saami", + "Same", + "Saame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an indigenous nomadic people living in northern Scandinavia and herding reindeer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin American", + "Latino" + ], + "it": [ + "latino-americano", + "latinoamericano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Latin America" + ], + "it": [ + "nativo o abitante dell'America latina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spic", + "spik", + "spick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for persons of Latin American descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lebanese" + ], + "it": [ + "libanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Lebanon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a native or inhabitant of the Levant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liberian" + ], + "it": [ + "liberiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Liberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libyan" + ], + "it": [ + "libico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Libya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liechtensteiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Liechtenstein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luxemburger", + "Luxembourger" + ], + "it": [ + "lussemburghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Luxembourg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macedonian" + ], + "it": [ + "macedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Macedon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madagascan" + ], + "it": [ + "malgascio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Madagascar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malawian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Malawi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malaysian" + ], + "it": [ + "malese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabahan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Malaysian from Sabah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maldivian", + "Maldivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Maldives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Mali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Mauritania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauritian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Mauritius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican" + ], + "it": [ + "messicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of Mexican descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greaser", + "wetback", + "taco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Mexican descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican-American", + "Mexicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montserratian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Montserrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moor" + ], + "it": [ + "moro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moroccan" + ], + "it": [ + "marocchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozambican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Mozambique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Namibian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Namibia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nauruan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nauru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepalese", + "Nepali" + ], + "it": [ + "nepalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gurkha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of Hindu people descended from brahmins and Rajputs who live in Nepal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gurkha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Nepalese force that has been part of the British army for 200 years; known for fierceness in combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealander", + "Kiwi" + ], + "it": [ + "neozelandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicaraguan" + ], + "it": [ + "nicaraguense", + "nicaraguese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nicaragua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigerian" + ], + "it": [ + "nigeriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hausa", + "Haussa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Negroid people living chiefly in northern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nigerien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Niger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian", + "Norseman", + "Norse" + ], + "it": [ + "norvegese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Norway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nova Scotian", + "bluenose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nova Scotia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Oman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pakistani" + ], + "it": [ + "pachistano", + "pakistano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahui" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Dravidian people living in Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sindhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panamanian" + ], + "it": [ + "panamense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Panama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paraguayan" + ], + "it": [ + "paraguaiano", + "paraguayano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Paraguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parthian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Parthia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian" + ], + "it": [ + "peruviano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American Indian" + ], + "it": [ + "indio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a native Indian group in South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carib", + "Carib Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an American Indian peoples of northeastern South America and the Lesser Antilles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quechua", + "Kechua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a South American Indian people in Peru who were formerly the ruling class of the Inca empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inca", + "Inka", + "Incan" + ], + "it": [ + "Inca", + "inca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Quechuan people living in the Cuzco valley in Peru" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruler of the Incas (or a member of his family)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Filipino" + ], + "it": [ + "filippino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pole" + ], + "it": [ + "polacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Poland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of Polish descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polynesian" + ], + "it": [ + "polinesiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese" + ], + "it": [ + "portoghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qatari", + "Katari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Qatar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanian", + "Rumanian" + ], + "it": [ + "romeno", + "rumeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Romania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian" + ], + "it": [ + "russo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Great Russian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the chief stock of Russian people living in European Russia; used to distinguish ethnic Russians from other peoples incorporated into Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muscovite" + ], + "it": [ + "moscovita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of Moscow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgian" + ], + "it": [ + "georgiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Georgia in Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Samoan Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saudi", + "Saudi Arabian" + ], + "it": [ + "saudita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Saudi Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arab", + "Arabian" + ], + "it": [ + "arabo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "San Marinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of San Marino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarawakian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sarawak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scandinavian", + "Norse", + "Northman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Scandinavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Viking" + ], + "it": [ + "vichingo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the Scandinavian people who raided the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scot", + "Scotsman", + "Scotchman" + ], + "it": [ + "scozzese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotswoman", + "Scotchwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a Scot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senegalese" + ], + "it": [ + "senegalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Senegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seychellois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Seychelles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian" + ], + "it": [ + "siberiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra Leonean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sierra Leone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Slovenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South African" + ], + "it": [ + "sudafricano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South American" + ], + "it": [ + "sudamericano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spaniard" + ], + "it": [ + "spagnolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinhalese", + "Singhalese" + ], + "it": [ + "cingalese", + "singalese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sudanese" + ], + "it": [ + "sudanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sudan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a southeast African people living in Swaziland and adjacent areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swede" + ], + "it": [ + "svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sweden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "British", + "British people", + "Brits" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English", + "English people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irish", + "Irish people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "people of Ireland or of Irish extraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French", + "French people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Himalayan people living in Nepal and Tibet who are famous for their skill as mountaineers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish", + "Spanish people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the people of Spain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss", + "Swiss people" + ], + "it": [ + "elvetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the natives or inhabitants of Switzerland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syrian" + ], + "it": [ + "siriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Syria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damascene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Damascus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cambodia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tahitian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Tahiti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taiwanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Taiwan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tajik", + "Tadzhik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Tajikistan and neighboring areas of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanzanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Tanzania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thai", + "Tai", + "Siamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tibetan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Tibet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Togolese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Togo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuareg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a nomadic Berber people of the Sahara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunisian" + ], + "it": [ + "tunisino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Tunisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turk" + ], + "it": [ + "turco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Turkey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyrolean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Tyrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ottoman", + "Ottoman Turk", + "Osmanli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turk (especially a Turk who is a member of the tribe of Osman I)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of the peoples speaking a Turkic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Azerbaijani" + ], + "it": [ + "azero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Azerbaijan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chuvash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people of Turkic speech living in the Volga region in eastern Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effendi" + ], + "it": [ + "efendi", + "effendi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former Turkish term of respect; especially for government officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karakalpak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Turkic people living near Lake Aral in central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazak", + "Kazakh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim who is a member of a Turkic people of western Asia (especially in Kazakstan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazakhstani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Kazakhstan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirghiz", + "Kirgiz", + "Khirghiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people of Turkic speech and Mongolian race inhabiting vast regions of central Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turkoman", + "Turkmen", + "Turcoman" + ], + "it": [ + "turkmeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Turkic people living in Turkmenistan and neighboring areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uighur", + "Uigur", + "Uygur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people who speak Uighur and live in Xinjiang and adjacent areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uzbek", + "Uzbeg", + "Uzbak", + "Usbek", + "Usbeg" + ], + "it": [ + "usbecco", + "usbeco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Turkic people of Uzbekistan and neighboring areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ugandan" + ], + "it": [ + "ugandese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Uganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ukranian" + ], + "it": [ + "ucraino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Ukraine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yakut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Turkic people of northeastern Siberia (mainly in the Lena river basin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tungusic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of a people speaking a language in the Tungusic family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tungus", + "Evenk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Tungus speaking people of Mongolian race who are a nomadic people widely spread over eastern Siberia; related to the Manchu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manchu" + ], + "it": [ + "manciù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Manchu speaking people of Mongolian race of Manchuria; related to the Tungus; conquered China in the 17th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khalkha", + "Khalka", + "Kalka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Mongol people living in the central and eastern parts of Outer Mongolia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a west African people living in the tropical forest region of southern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Igbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the largest ethnic group in southeastern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yoruba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a West African people living chiefly in southwestern Nigeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American" + ], + "it": [ + "americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of a North American or Central American or South American country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American" + ], + "it": [ + "americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nationalist leader in the American Revolution and in the creation of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who was born in Britain or one whose ancestors were British" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alabaman", + "Alabamian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaskan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaska Native", + "Alaskan Native", + "Native Alaskan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member or descendant of any of the aboriginal peoples of Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizonan", + "Arizonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Arizona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arkansan", + "Arkansawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Arkansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bay Stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Massachusetts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bostonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Boston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Californian" + ], + "it": [ + "californiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of the Carolinas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coloradan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connecticuter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Connecticut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delawarean", + "Delawarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Delaware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Floridian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franco-American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who was born in France or whose ancestors were French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who was born in Germany or whose ancestors were German" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Georgian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of the American state of Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian" + ], + "it": [ + "hawaiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Native Hawaiian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member or descendant of the indigenous Polynesian people who lived in the Hawaiian Islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Idahoan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Idaho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illinoisan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Illinois" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indianan", + "Hoosier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Indiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iowan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Iowa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kansan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Kansas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kentuckian", + "Bluegrass Stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Kentucky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louisianan", + "Louisianian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Louisiana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mainer", + "Down Easter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marylander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Maryland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michigander", + "Wolverine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Michigan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minnesotan", + "Gopher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Minnesota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mississippian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Mississippi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Missourian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Missouri" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montanan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Montana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nebraskan", + "Cornhusker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Nebraska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nevadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Nevada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Hampshirite", + "Granite Stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of New Hampshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Jerseyan", + "New Jerseyite", + "Garden Stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of resident of New Jersey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Mexican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of New Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Yorker" + ], + "it": [ + "newyorchese", + "nuovaiorchese", + "nuovayorchese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of New York (especially of New York City)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Carolinian", + "Tarheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of North Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Dakotan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of North Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohioan", + "Buckeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Ohio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oklahoman", + "Sooner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Oklahoma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregonian", + "Beaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Oregon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pennsylvanian", + "Keystone Stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Pennsylvania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhode Islander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Rhode Island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Carolinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Dakotan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of South Dakota" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tennessean", + "Volunteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Tennessee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texan" + ], + "it": [ + "texano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utahan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Utah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vermonter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Vermont" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washingtonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of the state of Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washingtonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of the city of Washington" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Virginian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of West Virginia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wisconsinite", + "Badger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Wisconsin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyomingite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Wyoming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puerto Rican" + ], + "it": [ + "portoricano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Puerto Rico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yankee", + "Yank", + "Yankee-Doodle" + ], + "it": [ + "yankee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American (especially to non-Americans)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uruguayan" + ], + "it": [ + "uruguagio", + "uruguaiano", + "uruguayano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Uruguay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venezuelan" + ], + "it": [ + "venezolano", + "venezuelano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vietnamese", + "Annamese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Vietnam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welshman", + "Welsh", + "Cambrian", + "Cymry" + ], + "it": [ + "gallese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gambian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Gambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maltese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Malta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "German" + ], + "it": [ + "tedesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of German nationality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teuton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (especially a German) who speaks a Germanic language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East German" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the former republic of East Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kraut", + "Krauthead", + "Boche", + "Jerry", + "Hun" + ], + "it": [ + "crucco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive term for a person of German descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berliner" + ], + "it": [ + "berlinese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Berlin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Berliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of West Berlin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prussian" + ], + "it": [ + "prussiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German inhabitant of Prussia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Junker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of the Prussian aristocracy noted especially for militarism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ghanian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Ghana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibraltarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Gibraltar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glaswegian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Glasgow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grenadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Grenada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rwandan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Rwanda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singaporean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Singapore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Slovenian" + ], + "it": [ + "sloveno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Slovenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Somalian", + "Somali" + ], + "it": [ + "somalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a tall dark (mostly Muslim) people inhabiting Somalia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sri Lankan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sri Lanka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumatran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sumatra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papuan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Papua New Guinea or New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tongan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Polynesian native or inhabitant of Tonga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trojan", + "Dardan", + "Dardanian" + ], + "it": [ + "troiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of ancient Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the French-speaking people living in Belgium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yemeni" + ], + "it": [ + "yemenita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Yemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslav", + "Jugoslav", + "Yugoslavian", + "Jugoslavian" + ], + "it": [ + "jugoslavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Yugoslavia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serbian", + "Serb" + ], + "it": [ + "serbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Croatian", + "Croat" + ], + "it": [ + "croato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Slavic people living in Croatia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sorbian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker of Sorbian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xhosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Negroid people of southern South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zairese", + "Zairean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Zaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zambian" + ], + "it": [ + "zambiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Zambia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zimbabwean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zulu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the tall Negroid people of eastern South Africa; some live in KwaZulu-Natal under the traditional clan system but many now work in the cities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aries", + "Ram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Aries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taurus", + "Bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Taurus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gemini", + "Twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Gemini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cancer", + "Crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo", + "Lion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Leo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgo", + "Virgin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Virgo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libra", + "Balance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Libra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i87999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorpio", + "Scorpion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Scorpio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagittarius", + "Archer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Sagittarius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capricorn", + "Goat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Capricorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquarius", + "Water Bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Aquarius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisces", + "Fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Pisces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandoned person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone for whom hope has been abandoned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who abates a nuisance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French abbot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbess", + "mother superior", + "prioress" + ], + "it": [ + "abbadessa", + "badessa", + "priora", + "superiora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superior of a group of nuns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbot", + "archimandrite" + ], + "it": [ + "abate", + "abbate", + "archimandrita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superior of an abbey of monks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abjurer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who abjures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnegator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who gives up or relinquishes or renounces something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abominator", + "loather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who hates or loathes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abridger", + "abbreviator" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviatore", + "compendiatore", + "epitomatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who shortens or abridges or condenses a written work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractor", + "abstracter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who makes abstracts or summarizes information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absconder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fugitive who runs away and hides to avoid arrest or prosecution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolutist" + ], + "it": [ + "assolutista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who advocates absolutism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who grants absolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who formally relinquishes an office or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abecedarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a novice learning the rudiments of some subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose behavior departs substantially from the norm of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abettor", + "abetter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who helps or encourages or incites another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abhorrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signer of a 1679 address to Charles II in which those who petitioned for the reconvening of parliament were condemned and abhorred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abiogenist" + ], + "it": [ + "abiogenista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in abiogenesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "able seaman", + "able-bodied seaman" + ], + "it": [ + "marinaio scelto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaman in the merchant marine; trained in special skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abolitionist", + "emancipationist" + ], + "it": [ + "abolizionista", + "antischiavista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reformer who favors abolishing slavery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abomination" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is loathsome or disgusting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autochthon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest known inhabitants of a region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abortionist" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (who should be a doctor) who terminates pregnancies" + ], + "it": [ + "chi esegue aborti clandestini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrogator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority or official empowered to abolish or annul or repeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abseiler", + "rappeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who descends down a nearly vertical face by using a doubled rope that is wrapped around the body and attached to some high point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absentee" + ], + "it": [ + "assente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one that is absent or not in residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "AWOL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is away or absent without leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstainer", + "abstinent", + "nondrinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who refrains from drinking intoxicating beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstainer", + "ascetic" + ], + "it": [ + "asceta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices self denial as a spiritual discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstractionist", + "abstract artist" + ], + "it": [ + "astrattista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of abstract pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abuser", + "maltreater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who abuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner of contiguous property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academic administrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrator in a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academician", + "academic", + "faculty member" + ], + "it": [ + "docente universitario", + "universitario", + "accademico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an educator who works at a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academician", + "schoolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar who is skilled in academic disputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "academician" + ], + "it": [ + "accademico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone elected to honorary membership in an academy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acceptor" + ], + "it": [ + "accettante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person (or institution) who accepts a check or draft and becomes responsible for paying the party named in the draft when it matures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory", + "accessary" + ], + "it": [ + "compare", + "complice", + "correo", + "corresponsabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps another person commit a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory after the fact" + ], + "it": [ + "favoreggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives assistance or comfort to someone known to be a felon or known to be sought in connection with the commission of a felony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory before the fact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who procures or advises or commands the commission of a felony but who is not present at its perpetration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accessory during the fact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who witnesses a crime but does not try to prevent it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "companion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one paid to accompany or assist or live with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodation endorser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who endorses a promissory note without compensation or benefit but simply as a favor to the borrower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accompanist", + "accompanyist" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who provides musical accompaniment (usually on a piano)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accomplice", + "confederate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who joins with another in carrying out some plan (especially an unethical or illegal plan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accordionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the accordion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accountant", + "comptroller", + "controller" + ], + "it": [ + "commercialista", + "contabile", + "ragioniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who maintains and audits business accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account executive", + "account representative", + "registered representative", + "customer's broker", + "customer's man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone in charge of a client's account for an advertising agency or brokerage or other service business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accused" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defendant in a criminal proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defendant", + "suspect" + ], + "it": [ + "accusato", + "convenuto", + "giudicabile", + "imputato", + "incriminato", + "prevenuto", + "querelato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or institution against whom an action is brought in a court of law; the person being sued or accused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accuser" + ], + "it": [ + "accusatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who imputes guilt or blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace", + "adept", + "champion", + "sensation", + "maven", + "mavin", + "virtuoso", + "genius", + "hotshot", + "star", + "superstar", + "whiz", + "whizz", + "wizard", + "wiz" + ], + "it": [ + "asso", + "cannone", + "cima", + "demonio", + "fenomeno", + "fuoriclasse", + "mago", + "mostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achiever", + "winner", + "success", + "succeeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a record of successes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes LSD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acolyte" + ], + "it": [ + "accolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assists a priest or minister in a liturgical service; a cleric ordained in the highest of the minor orders in the Roman Catholic Church but not in the Anglican Church or the Eastern Orthodox Churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physicist who specializes in acoustics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquaintance", + "friend" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with whom you are acquainted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who acquires something (usually permanently)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrobat" + ], + "it": [ + "acrobata", + "saltambanco", + "saltimbanco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who performs acts requiring skill and agility and coordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerialist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat who performs in the air (as on a rope or trapeze)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the case officer designated to perform an act during a clandestine operation (especially in a hostile area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a participating member of an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "active citizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a citizen who takes an active role in the community (as in crime prevention and neighborhood watch)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actor", + "histrion", + "player", + "thespian", + "role player" + ], + "it": [ + "attore", + "interprete", + "istrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theatrical performer" + ], + "it": [ + "un attore teatrale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actor", + "doer", + "worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who acts and gets things done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actor's agent", + "theatrical agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a business agent for an actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actress" + ], + "it": [ + "attrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who adds numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is physiologically dependent on a substance; abrupt deprivation of the substance produces withdrawal symptoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addict", + "nut", + "freak", + "junkie", + "junky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is so ardently devoted to something that it resembles an addiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addressee" + ], + "it": [ + "destinatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one to whom something is addressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adducer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discussant who offers an example or a reason or a proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjudicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who studies and settles conflicts and disputes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjunct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is an assistant or subordinate to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjuster", + "adjustor", + "claims adjuster", + "claims adjustor", + "claim agent" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who investigates insurance claims or claims for damages and recommends an effective settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjutant", + "aide", + "aide-de-camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjutant general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general's adjutant; chief administrative officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrator", + "executive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manages a government agency or department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrator" + ], + "it": [ + "curatore", + "curatore testamentario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the party appointed by a probate court to distribute the estate of someone who dies without a will or without naming an executor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administrator", + "decision maker" + ], + "it": [ + "amministratore", + "dispensatore", + "elemosiniere", + "gestore", + "responsabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who administers a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admiral", + "full admiral" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admirer", + "adorer" + ], + "it": [ + "adoratore", + "ammiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who admires a young woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who admires; someone who esteems or respects or approves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admonisher", + "monitor", + "reminder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adolescent", + "stripling", + "teenager", + "teen" + ], + "it": [ + "adolescente", + "giovanetto", + "giovinetto", + "pubere", + "teenager", + "teen-ager", + "teen ager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoptee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (such as a child) who has been adopted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adoptive parent", + "adopter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who adopts a child of other parents as his or her own child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulterator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a changer who lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulterer", + "fornicator" + ], + "it": [ + "adultero", + "fornicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who commits adultery or fornication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulteress", + "fornicatress", + "hussy", + "jade", + "loose woman", + "slut", + "strumpet", + "trollop" + ], + "it": [ + "adultera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman adulterer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adventuress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman adventurer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adversary", + "antagonist", + "opponent", + "opposer", + "resister" + ], + "it": [ + "avversario", + "antagonista", + "contendente", + "opponente", + "nemico", + "oppositore", + "rivale", + "contraddittore", + "contradittore", + "contrastante", + "avversatore", + "duellatore", + "oppugnatore", + "osteggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who offers opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adverse witness", + "hostile witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witness whose relationship to the opposing party is such that his or her testimony may be prejudiced against the opposing party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertiser", + "advertizer", + "adman" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose business is advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advisee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who receives advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adviser", + "advisor", + "consultant" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliere", + "consulente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who gives advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advocate", + "advocator", + "proponent", + "exponent" + ], + "it": [ + "avvocato", + "fautore", + "parteggiante", + "parteggiatore", + "patrocinatore", + "promotore", + "propugnatore", + "sostenitore", + "sostentatore", + "zelatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advocate", + "counsel", + "counselor", + "counsellor", + "counselor-at-law", + "pleader" + ], + "it": [ + "avvocato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawyer who pleads cases in court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aeronautical engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "aerotecnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer concerned with the design and construction of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerospace engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer of aircraft and space vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lover of aviation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes an affidavit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate or subsidiary associate; a person who is affiliated with another or with an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(anthropology) kin by marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affluent" + ], + "it": [ + "ricco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an affluent person; a person who is financially well off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aficionado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious devotee of some particular music genre or musical performer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aficionado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan of bull fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent", + "factor", + "broker" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisitore", + "agente", + "corrispondente", + "corrispondente commerciale", + "cozzone", + "intermediario", + "operatore", + "prosseneta", + "rappresentante", + "sensale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative who acts on behalf of other persons or organizations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sergeant of the lowest rank in the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who handles business affairs for another; especially one who deals with employers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who represents an author in dealings with publishers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent-in-place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operative serving as a penetration into an intelligence target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent provocateur", + "provocateur" + ], + "it": [ + "agente provocatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret agent who incites suspected persons to commit illegal acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggravator", + "annoyance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant person who is annoying or exasperating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggressor" + ], + "it": [ + "istigatore", + "sommovitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a confident assertive person who acts as instigator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitator", + "fomenter" + ], + "it": [ + "agitatore", + "alimentatore", + "arruffapopoli", + "arruffapopolo", + "causatore", + "eccitatore", + "fomentatore", + "perturbatore", + "provocatore", + "sobillatore", + "sovversivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who agitates; a political troublemaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnostic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who claims that they cannot have true knowledge about the existence of God (but does not deny that God might exist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnostic", + "doubter" + ], + "it": [ + "agnostico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is doubtful or noncommittal about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone involved in a contest or battle (as in an agon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agony aunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newspaper columnist who answers questions and offers advice on personal problems to people who write in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agricultural laborer", + "agricultural labourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tills the soil for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agriculturist", + "agriculturalist", + "cultivator", + "grower", + "raiser" + ], + "it": [ + "agronomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone concerned with the science or art or business of cultivating the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agronomist" + ], + "it": [ + "agronomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in soil management and field-crop production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aide", + "auxiliary" + ], + "it": [ + "ausiliare", + "ausiliario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who acts as assistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military attache who is a commissioned or warrant officer in an air force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircraftsman", + "aircraftman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer in the British Royal Air Force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aircrewman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an aircrew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air force officer", + "commander" + ], + "it": [ + "comandante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in the airforce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flighty scatterbrained simpleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air marshal", + "sky marshal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained by the government in hijacking and terrorist tactics who (for security reasons) is a passenger aboard an airline flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air traveler", + "air traveller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels by airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarmist" + ], + "it": [ + "allarmista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who alarms others needlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albino" + ], + "it": [ + "albino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with congenital albinism: white hair and milky skin; eyes are usually pink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcalde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mayor or chief magistrate of a Spanish town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alchemist" + ], + "it": [ + "alchimista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholic", + "alky", + "dipsomaniac", + "boozer", + "lush", + "soaker", + "souse" + ], + "it": [ + "alcoldipendente", + "alcolista", + "alcolizzato", + "alcoolista", + "alcoolizzato", + "beone", + "bevone", + "dipsomane", + "etilista", + "sbevazzatore", + "scolafiaschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who drinks alcohol to excess habitually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alderman" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliere comunale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a municipal legislative body (as a city council)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aleut", + "Aleutian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people inhabiting the Aleutian Islands and southwestern Alaska" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexandrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident or native of Alexandria (especially Alexandria in Egypt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alexic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with alexia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ali Baba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fictional woodcutter who discovered that `open sesame' opened a cave in the Arabian Nights' Entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alien absconder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fugitive remaining in the United States after an immigration judge has ordered them deported" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant person who causes friendly people to become indifferent or unfriendly or hostile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienee", + "grantee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom the title of property is transferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienist" + ], + "it": [ + "alienista", + "freniatra", + "neuropsichiatra", + "psichiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychiatrist and specialist in the legal aspects of mental illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone from whom the title of property is transferred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aliterate", + "aliterate person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who can read but is disinclined to derive information from literary sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algebraist" + ], + "it": [ + "algebrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician whose specialty is algebra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegorizer", + "allegoriser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates in allegories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allergist" + ], + "it": [ + "allergologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alleviator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who makes suffering more endurable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliterator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allocator", + "distributor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with authority to allot or deal out or apportion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "all-rounder", + "all arounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a versatile person who is expert at many things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ally", + "friend" + ], + "it": [ + "alleato", + "collegato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate who provides cooperation or assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almoner", + "medical social worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official in a British hospital who looks after the social and material needs of the patients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabetizer", + "alphabetiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a literate person who can arrange items in alphabetical order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "almsgiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives alms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpinist" + ], + "it": [ + "alpinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mountain climber who specializes in difficult climbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alsatian" + ], + "it": [ + "alsaziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Alsace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "altar boy" + ], + "it": [ + "chierichetto", + "chierico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy serving as an acolyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alter ego" + ], + "it": [ + "alter ego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very close and trusted friend who seems almost a part of yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto" + ], + "it": [ + "contralto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer whose voice lies in the alto clef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alto saxophonist", + "altoist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the alto saxophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alumnus", + "alumna", + "alum", + "graduate", + "grad" + ], + "it": [ + "diplomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has received a degree from a school (high school or college or university)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amateur" + ], + "it": [ + "appassionato", + "dilettante", + "cultore", + "amatore", + "amateur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amateur" + ], + "it": [ + "amatore", + "dilettante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who does not play for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amalgamator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessman who arranges an amalgamation of two or more commercial companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amazon" + ], + "it": [ + "amazzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) one of a nation of women warriors of Scythia (who burned off the right breast in order to use a bow and arrow more effectively)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amazon", + "virago" + ], + "it": [ + "gendarme", + "generalessa", + "viragine", + "virago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large strong and aggressive woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maenad" + ], + "it": [ + "baccante", + "menade", + "tiade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a woman participant in the orgiastic rites of Dionysus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambassador", + "embassador" + ], + "it": [ + "ambasciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambassador" + ], + "it": [ + "ambasciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal representative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambassadress" + ], + "it": [ + "ambasciatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman ambassador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulance chaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unethical lawyer who incites accident victims to sue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambusher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attacker who waits in a concealed position to launch a surprise attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amicus curiae", + "friend of the court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adviser to the court on some matter of law who is not a party to the case; usually someone who wants to influence the outcome of a lawsuit involving matters of wide public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amigo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friend or comrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnesic", + "amnesiac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from amnesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a group of rabbis (active AD 250-500) who discussed the Mishnaic law in the law schools of Palestine and Mesopotamia where they explained and applied earlier teachings and whose discussions are recorded in the Talmud; they emphasized the study of Torah and the importance of personal action and the fulfillment of the commandments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amoralist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who adheres to the doctrine that ordinary moral distinctions are invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one dedicated to love and lovemaking especially one who writes about love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amputator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgeon who removes part or all of a limb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amputee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has had a limb removed by amputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anagnost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleric in the minor orders of the Eastern Orthodox Church who reads the lessons aloud in the liturgy (analogous to the lector in the Roman Catholic Church)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analogist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who looks for analogies or who reasons by analogy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analphabet", + "analphabetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illiterate person who does not know the alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analysand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person undergoing psychoanalysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyst", + "psychoanalyst" + ], + "it": [ + "analista", + "psicanalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is skilled at analyzing data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst who studies the financial statements and financial history of applicants for credit in order to evaluate their creditworthiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financial analyst", + "securities analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst who studies the financial performance of corporations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industry analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst of conditions affecting a particular industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil-industry analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst of the oil industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst of conditions affecting a market (especially the stock market)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market strategist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in planning marketing campaigns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyst" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anarchist", + "nihilist", + "syndicalist" + ], + "it": [ + "anarchico", + "nichilista", + "nihilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of anarchism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anathema", + "bete noire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detested person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomist" + ], + "it": [ + "anatomico", + "anatomista", + "notomista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in anatomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancestor", + "ascendant", + "ascendent", + "antecedent", + "root" + ], + "it": [ + "antenato", + "ascendente", + "avo", + "avolo", + "bisarcavolo", + "bisavo", + "bisavolo", + "bisnonno", + "progenitore", + "trisavo", + "trisavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancestress" + ], + "it": [ + "ava" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman ancestor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor", + "anchorman", + "anchorperson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television reporter who coordinates a broadcast to which several correspondents contribute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lived in ancient times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancient", + "antediluvian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very old person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anecdotist", + "raconteur" + ], + "it": [ + "aneddotista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in telling anecdotes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthesiologist", + "anesthetist", + "anaesthetist" + ], + "it": [ + "anestesiologo", + "anestesista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angel", + "backer" + ], + "it": [ + "sovvenzionatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invests in a theatrical production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiologist" + ], + "it": [ + "angiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in angiology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angler", + "troller" + ], + "it": [ + "cannista", + "pescatore con la lenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fisherman who uses a hook and line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scheming person; someone who schemes to gain an advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anglophile", + "anglophil" + ], + "it": [ + "anglofilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admirer of England and things English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anglophobe" + ], + "it": [ + "anglofobo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hates England and everything English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal fancier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breeds animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the technician who produces animated cartoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who accepts the doctrine of animism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annalist" + ], + "it": [ + "annalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historian who writes annals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annihilator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a total destroyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annotator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commentator who writes notes to a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announcer" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciatore", + "annunziatore", + "speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reads news, commercials on radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announcer" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciatore", + "annunziatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who proclaims a message publicly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annuitant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recipient of an annuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anointer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who anoints as a religious ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anorexic", + "anorectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from anorexia nervosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antediluvian", + "antediluvian patriarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the early patriarchs who lived prior to the Noachian deluge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthologist" + ], + "it": [ + "antologista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an editor who makes selections for an anthology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropoid", + "ape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who resembles a nonhuman primate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropologist" + ], + "it": [ + "antropologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social scientist who specializes in anthropology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is opposed (to an action or policy or practice etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-American" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is opposed to the United States and its policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipator", + "anticipant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who anticipates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antinomian" + ], + "it": [ + "antinomista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of the doctrine of antinomianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antipope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is elected pope in opposition to another person who is held to be canonically elected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiquary", + "antiquarian", + "archaist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert or collector of antiquities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anti-Semite", + "Jew-baiter" + ], + "it": [ + "antisemita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hates and would persecute Jews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anzac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in the Australian and New Zealand army corps during World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ape-man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person assumed to have been raised by apes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphakic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone afflicted by aphakia; someone lacking the natural lenses of the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphasic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone affected by aphasia or inability to use or understand language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who formulates aphorisms or who repeats aphorisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apologist", + "vindicator", + "justifier" + ], + "it": [ + "apologista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who argues to defend or justify some policy or institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apostle" + ], + "it": [ + "apostolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) one of the original 12 disciples chosen by Christ to preach his gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apostle", + "Apostelic Father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any important early teacher of Christianity or a Christian missionary to a people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostle" + ], + "it": [ + "apostolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ardent early supporter of a cause or reform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostolic delegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a representative of the Holy See in a country that has no formal diplomatic relations with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appalachian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Appalachia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparatchik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist who was a member of the administrative system of a communist party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparatchik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorous but derogatory term for an official of a large organization (especially a political organization)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to bring peace by acceding to demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appellant", + "plaintiff in error" + ], + "it": [ + "appellante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the party who appeals a decision of a lower court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apple polisher", + "bootlicker", + "fawner", + "groveller", + "groveler", + "truckler" + ], + "it": [ + "leccaculo", + "leccapiedi", + "lecchino", + "leccone", + "reggicoda", + "ruffiano", + "struscione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who humbles himself as a sign of respect; who behaves as if he had no self-respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appointee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who is appointed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprehender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seizes or arrests (especially a person who seizes or arrests in the name of justice)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "April fool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the butt of a prank played on April 1st" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquanaut", + "oceanaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who can live in underwater installations and participate in scientific research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirant", + "aspirer", + "hopeful", + "wannabe", + "wannabee" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ambitious and aspiring young person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprentice", + "learner", + "prentice" + ], + "it": [ + "allievo", + "apprendista", + "bardotto", + "novizio", + "praticante", + "tirocinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "works for an expert to learn a trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appraiser", + "valuator" + ], + "it": [ + "stimatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who estimates officially the worth or value or quality of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appraiser", + "authenticator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who determines authenticity (as of works of art) or who guarantees validity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is fully aware of something and understands it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes for his or her own use (especially without permission)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority with power to approve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar who specializes in Arab languages and culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aramean", + "Aramaean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of a group of Semitic peoples inhabiting Aram and parts of Mesopotamia from the 11th to the 8th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arawak", + "Arawakan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a widespread group of Amerindians living in northeastern South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbiter", + "arbitrator", + "umpire" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitratore", + "arbitro", + "probiviro", + "proboviro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone chosen to judge and decide a disputed issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitrageur", + "arbitrager", + "arb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in arbitrage (who purchases securities in one market for immediate resale in another in the hope of profiting from the price differential)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbiter", + "supreme authority" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with the power to settle matters at will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who archaizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archdeacon" + ], + "it": [ + "arcidiacono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Anglican Church) an ecclesiastical dignitary usually ranking just below a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archduchess" + ], + "it": [ + "arciduchessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife or widow of an archduke or a princess of the former ruling house of Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archduke" + ], + "it": [ + "arciduca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sovereign prince of the former ruling house of Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archeologist", + "archaeologist" + ], + "it": [ + "archeologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropologist who studies prehistoric people and their culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archbishop" + ], + "it": [ + "arcivescovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop of highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archer", + "bowman" + ], + "it": [ + "arciere", + "saettiere", + "sagittario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is expert in the use of a bow and arrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "architect", + "designer" + ], + "it": [ + "architetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archivist" + ], + "it": [ + "archivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in charge of collecting and cataloguing archives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archpriest", + "hierarch", + "high priest", + "prelate", + "primate" + ], + "it": [ + "arciprete", + "prelato", + "presule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior clergyman and dignitary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Areopagite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the council of the Areopagus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the city of Argos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arianist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Arianism (the belief that Jesus Christ was not truly God)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aristocrat", + "blue blood", + "patrician" + ], + "it": [ + "aristocratico", + "nobile", + "patrizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the aristocracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristotelian", + "Aristotelean", + "Peripatetic" + ], + "it": [ + "aristotelico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Aristotle or an adherent of Aristotelianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arithmetician" + ], + "it": [ + "aritmetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who specializes in arithmetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armchair liberal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of liberal ideals who takes no action to realize them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman entitled to bear heraldic arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armiger", + "armor-bearer" + ], + "it": [ + "armigero", + "scudiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squire carrying the armor of a knight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armorer", + "armourer", + "artificer" + ], + "it": [ + "armaiolo", + "armiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted man responsible for the upkeep of small arms and machine guns etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armorer", + "armourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker skilled in making armor or arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arms manufacturer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manufactures arms and munitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military attache who is a commissioned or warrant officer in an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army brat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the child of a career officer of the United States Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army engineer", + "military engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "artiere", + "geniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the military who is trained in engineering and construction work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "army officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arranger", + "adapter", + "transcriber" + ], + "it": [ + "arrangiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who adapts a composition for particular voices or instruments or for another style of performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrival", + "arriver", + "comer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who arrives (or has arrived)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrogator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who through conceit makes pretentious claims to rights or advantages that he or she is not entitled to or to qualities that he or she does not possess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrowsmith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of arrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arsonist", + "incendiary", + "firebug" + ], + "it": [ + "incendiario", + "piromane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who illegally sets fire to property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art critic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critic of paintings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in works of art requiring esthetic evaluation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art director" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the director in charge of the artistic features of a theatrical production (costumes and scenery and lighting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an editor who is responsible for illustrations and layouts in printed matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art historian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a historian of art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arthritic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with arthritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pronounces words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artilleryman", + "cannoneer", + "gunner", + "machine gunner" + ], + "it": [ + "artigliere", + "cannoniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serviceman in the artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illustrator" + ], + "it": [ + "illustratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who makes illustrations (for books or magazines or advertisements etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artist", + "creative person" + ], + "it": [ + "artista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artiste" + ], + "it": [ + "artista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public performer (a dancer or singer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artist's model", + "sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who poses for a painter or sculptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art student" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "studente di belle arti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone studying to be an artist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "art teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who ascends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pompous fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassin", + "assassinator", + "bravo" + ], + "it": [ + "assassino", + "cagnotto", + "scherano", + "sicario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a secret order of Muslims (founded in the 12th century) who terrorized and killed Christian Crusaders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an analyst who assays (performs chemical tests on) metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assemblyman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a member of a legislative assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assemblywoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman assemblyman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who assents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asserter", + "declarer", + "affirmer", + "asseverator", + "avower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who claims to speak the truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assessee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (or property) that is assessed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asshole", + "bastard", + "cocksucker", + "dickhead", + "shit", + "mother fucker", + "motherfucker", + "prick", + "whoreson", + "son of a bitch", + "SOB" + ], + "it": [ + "pezzo di merda", + "testa di cazzo", + "bastardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insulting terms of address for people who are stupid or irritating or ridiculous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignee" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the party to whom something is assigned (e.g., someone to whom a right or property is legally transferred)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assignor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) the party who makes an assignment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assistant", + "helper", + "help", + "supporter" + ], + "it": [ + "assistente", + "collaboratore", + "aiuto", + "aiutante", + "ausiliare", + "aggiunto", + "coadiutore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assistant professor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher or lower rank than an associate professor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate" + ], + "it": [ + "associato", + "cointeressato", + "consociato", + "membro aggregato", + "socio aggregato", + "socio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with subordinate membership in a society, institution, or commercial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate professor" + ], + "it": [ + "associato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher lower in rank than a full professor but higher than an assistant professor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asthmatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from asthma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrogator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the navigator of a spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrologer", + "astrologist" + ], + "it": [ + "astrologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who predicts the future by the positions of the planets and sun and Moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronaut", + "spaceman", + "cosmonaut" + ], + "it": [ + "astronauta", + "cosmonauta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained to travel in a spacecraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astronomer", + "uranologist", + "stargazer" + ], + "it": [ + "astronomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physicist who studies astronomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrophysicist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an astronomer who studies the physical properties of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmographer", + "cosmographist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist knowledgeable about cosmography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an astronomer who studies the evolution and space-time relations of the universe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atavist", + "throwback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that has the characteristics of a more primitive type of that organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atheist" + ], + "it": [ + "ateo", + "senzadio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who denies the existence of god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "athlete", + "jock" + ], + "it": [ + "atleta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained to compete in sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attache" + ], + "it": [ + "attaché" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attacker", + "aggressor", + "assailant", + "assaulter" + ], + "it": [ + "aggressore", + "assalitore", + "assaltatore", + "attaccante", + "offensore", + "pestatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attendant", + "attender", + "tender" + ], + "it": [ + "inserviente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who waits on or tends to or attends to the needs of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attester", + "attestant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who affirms or vouches for the correctness or truth or genuineness of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attorney general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief law officer of a country or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditor" + ], + "it": [ + "revisore dei conti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a qualified accountant who inspects the accounting records and practices of a business or other organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auditor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who attends a course but does not take it for credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augur", + "auspex" + ], + "it": [ + "augure", + "auspice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) a religious official who interpreted omens to guide public policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aunt", + "auntie", + "aunty" + ], + "it": [ + "zia", + "zietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "au pair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "au pair girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foreign girl serving as an au pair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auteur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a filmmaker who has a personal style and keeps creative control over his or her works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authoress" + ], + "it": [ + "autrice", + "scrittrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman author" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authoritarian", + "dictator" + ], + "it": [ + "dittatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who behaves in a tyrannical manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert whose views are taken as definitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authority figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is regarded as an authority by someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authorizer", + "authoriser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority who authorizes (people or actions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autobiographer" + ], + "it": [ + "autobiografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes their own biography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autodidact" + ], + "it": [ + "autodidatta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has taught himself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automaton", + "zombi", + "zombie" + ], + "it": [ + "automa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who acts or responds in a mechanical or apathetic way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile mechanic", + "auto-mechanic", + "car-mechanic", + "mechanic", + "grease monkey" + ], + "it": [ + "meccanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is repairing and maintaining automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automotive engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer concerned with the design and construction of automobiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avenger", + "retaliator" + ], + "it": [ + "ultore", + "vendicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes vengeance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviator", + "aeronaut", + "airman", + "flier", + "flyer" + ], + "it": [ + "aeronauta", + "aviatore", + "pilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who operates an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aviatrix", + "airwoman", + "aviatress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman aviator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who admits or acknowledges openly and boldly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ayah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in India) a native nursemaid who looks after children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ayatollah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-ranking Shiite religious leader who is regarded as an authority on religious law and its interpretation and who has political power as well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African term for `boss'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babu", + "baboo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a Hindi courtesy title; equivalent to English `Mr'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby", + "babe", + "sister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) sometimes used as a term of address for attractive young women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the youngest member of a group (not necessarily young)" + ], + "it": [ + "il componente piu` giovane di un gruppo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby", + "babe", + "infant" + ], + "it": [ + "baby", + "bambino", + "bebè", + "bebé", + "bimbo", + "creatura", + "fantolino", + "infante", + "neonato", + "piccino", + "piccolo", + "pupo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk" + ], + "it": [ + "un figlio giovane, che non ha ancora iniziato a parlare o camminare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unborn child; a human fetus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby boomer", + "boomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the baby boom generation in the 1950s" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby buster", + "buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person born in the generation following the baby boom when the birth rate fell dramatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby doctor", + "pediatrician", + "pediatrist", + "paediatrician" + ], + "it": [ + "pediatra", + "puericoltore", + "puericultore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the care of babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who runs an establishment that houses and cares for babies for a fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babyminder", + "baby minder", + "minder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who looks after babies (usually in the person's own home) while the babys' parents are working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babysitter", + "baby-sitter", + "sitter" + ], + "it": [ + "baby-sitter", + "babysitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person engaged to care for children when the parents are not home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a priest or votary of Bacchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacchante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a priestess or votary of Bacchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacchant", + "bacchanal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drunken reveller; a devotee of Bacchus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelor", + "unmarried man" + ], + "it": [ + "celibe", + "giovanotto", + "scapolo", + "zitellone", + "zito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has never been married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelor girl", + "bachelorette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young unmarried woman who lives alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ], + "it": [ + "laterale", + "mediano", + "terzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a person who plays in the backfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the House of Commons who is not a party leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpacker", + "packer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hiker who wears a backpack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backroom boy", + "brain truster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert adviser involved in making important decisions but usually lacking official status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backscratcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is willing to trade favors or services for mutual advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backseat driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meddler who insists on giving unwanted advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backslapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demonstrates enthusiastic or excessive cordiality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstroker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who swims the backstroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacteriologist" + ], + "it": [ + "batteriologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(old-fashioned slang) a bad person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad guy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person who is not on your side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad person" + ], + "it": [ + "cattivo", + "cane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does harm to others" + ], + "it": [ + "persona malvagia, crudele, spietata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag", + "old bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ugly or ill-tempered woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggage" + ], + "it": [ + "prostituta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worthless or immoral woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baggageman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who takes care of baggage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homeless woman who carries all her possessions with her in shopping bags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bagman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a racketeer assigned to collect or distribute payoff money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bahai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher of or believer in Bahaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agent to whom property involved in a bailment is delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailiff" + ], + "it": [ + "bailo", + "baiulo", + "balio", + "balivo", + "balì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bailor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who delivers personal property (goods or money) in trust to the bailee in a bailment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bairn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child: son or daughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baker", + "bread maker" + ], + "it": [ + "panificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bakes bread or cake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baker" + ], + "it": [ + "fornaio", + "panettiere", + "panificatore", + "prestinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bakes commercially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat who balances himself in difficult positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baldhead", + "baldpate", + "baldy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose head is bald" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balker", + "baulker", + "noncompliant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who refuses to comply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball boy" + ], + "it": [ + "raccattapalle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who retrieves balls for tennis players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball-buster", + "ball-breaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a demanding woman who destroys men's confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball carrier", + "runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the player who is carrying (and trying to advance) the ball on an offensive play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballerina", + "danseuse" + ], + "it": [ + "ballerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female ballet dancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet dancer" + ], + "it": [ + "ballerino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trained dancer who is a member of a ballet company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballet mistress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balletomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballet enthusiast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a team athlete who is skilled at stealing or catching the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloonist" + ], + "it": [ + "aerostiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who flies a balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballplayer", + "baseball player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulimic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from bulimia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullfighter", + "toreador" + ], + "it": [ + "torero", + "toreador", + "matador", + "espada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fights bulls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banderillero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bullfighter who implants decorated darts (banderillas) into the neck or shoulders of the bull during a bull fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novillero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bullfighter who is required to fight bulls less than four years of age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the horseman who pricks the bull with a lance early in the bullfight to goad the bull and to make it keep its head low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a matador or one of the supporting team during a bull fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandit", + "brigand" + ], + "it": [ + "bandito", + "brigante", + "ladrone", + "malandrino", + "masnadiere", + "masnadiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armed thief who is (usually) a member of a band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandleader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a dance band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandmaster" + ], + "it": [ + "capobanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conductor of a band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandsman" + ], + "it": [ + "bandista", + "musicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player in a band (especially a military band)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank commissioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioner appointed to supervise banks; a state superintendent of banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banker" + ], + "it": [ + "banchiere", + "biscazziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in charge of the bank in a gambling game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banker" + ], + "it": [ + "banchiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financier who owns or is an executive in a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank examiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an examiner appointed to audit the accounts of banks in a given jurisdiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a security guard at a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank manager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manager of a branch office of a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank robber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a robber of banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankrupt", + "insolvent" + ], + "it": [ + "bancarottiere", + "fallito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has insufficient assets to cover their debts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bantamweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 119 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bantamweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs 115-126 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baptist" + ], + "it": [ + "battista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follower of Baptistic doctrines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barber" + ], + "it": [ + "barbiere", + "barbitonsore", + "coiffeur", + "figaro", + "parrucchiere", + "pettinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdresser who cuts hair and shaves beards as a trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bard" + ], + "it": [ + "aedo", + "bardo", + "cantore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lyric poet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinker who frequents bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiator of the terms of a transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargain hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shopper who hunts for bargains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baritone", + "barytone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male singer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barker" + ], + "it": [ + "imbonitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who stands in front of a show (as at a carnival) and gives a loud colorful sales talk to potential customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barmaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female bartender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnburner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who burns down a barn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnstormer", + "stunt flier", + "stunt pilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pilot who travels around the country giving exhibits of stunt flying and parachuting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnstormer", + "playactor", + "play-actor", + "trouper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who travels around the country presenting plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baron", + "big businessman", + "business leader", + "king", + "magnate", + "mogul", + "power", + "top executive", + "tycoon" + ], + "it": [ + "barone", + "magnate", + "re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very wealthy or powerful businessman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer of the lowest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baron" + ], + "it": [ + "barone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronet", + "Bart" + ], + "it": [ + "baronetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the British order of honor; ranks below a baron but above a knight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrator", + "barrater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone guilty of barratry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British or Canadian lawyer who speaks in the higher courts of law on behalf of either the defense or prosecution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bartender", + "barman", + "barkeep", + "barkeeper", + "mixologist" + ], + "it": [ + "barista", + "barman", + "mescitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who mixes and serves alcoholic drinks at a bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trader who exchanges goods and not money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baseball coach", + "baseball manager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coach of baseball players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base runner", + "runner" + ], + "it": [ + "corridore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball player on the team at bat who is on base (or attempting to reach a base)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basileus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruler of the eastern Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coach of basketball players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketball player", + "basketeer", + "cager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basketweaver", + "basketmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "canestraio", + "cestaio", + "panieraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in weaving baskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basket Maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early Amerindians related to the Pueblo; known for skill in making baskets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bass", + "basso" + ], + "it": [ + "basso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult male singer with the lowest voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who play the bass viol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bassoonist" + ], + "it": [ + "fagottista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the bassoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastard", + "by-blow", + "love child", + "illegitimate child", + "illegitimate", + "whoreson" + ], + "it": [ + "bastardo", + "figlio naturale", + "illegittimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the illegitimate offspring of unmarried parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baster", + "tacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sewer who fastens a garment with long loose stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cook who bastes roasting meat with melted fat or gravy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baroness" + ], + "it": [ + "baronessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noblewoman who holds the rank of baron or who is the wife or widow of a baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a boy who takes care of bats and other baseball equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes a bath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batman" + ], + "it": [ + "attendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orderly assigned to serve a British military officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baton twirler", + "twirler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who twirls a baton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batter", + "hitter", + "slugger", + "batsman" + ], + "it": [ + "battitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a ballplayer who is batting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batting coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) someone who teaches batters how to bat better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle-ax", + "battle-axe" + ], + "it": [ + "gendarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharp-tongued domineering wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bavarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or an inhabitant of Bavaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud weeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beachcomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vagrant living on a beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beadle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor parish official who serves a ceremonial function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beadsman", + "bedesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is paid to pray for the soul of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accountant or bureaucrat who is believed to place undue emphasis on the control of expenditures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "ribassista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investor with a pessimistic market outlook; an investor who expects prices to fall and so sells now in order to buy later at a lower price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who diverts suspicion from someone (especially a woman who accompanies a male homosexual in order to conceal his homosexuality)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beast", + "wolf", + "savage", + "brute", + "wildcat" + ], + "it": [ + "bestia", + "bruto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruelly rapacious person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona crudelmente rapace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who rouses wild game from under cover for a hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beatnik", + "beat" + ], + "it": [ + "beat", + "capellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the beat generation; a nonconformist in dress and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beautician", + "cosmetician" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmetista", + "estetista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works in a beauty parlor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beauty consultant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives you advice about your personal appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedfellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with whom you share a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedfellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary associate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bedouin", + "Beduin" + ], + "it": [ + "beduino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a nomadic tribe of Arabs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedwetter", + "bed wetter", + "wetter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone suffering from enuresis; someone who urinates while asleep in bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beekeeper", + "apiarist", + "apiculturist" + ], + "it": [ + "apicoltore", + "apicultore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farmer who keeps bees for their honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beer drinker", + "ale drinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose favorite drink is beer or ale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar", + "mendicant" + ], + "it": [ + "accattapane", + "accattatozzi", + "accattone", + "mendicante", + "mendico", + "paltone", + "paltoniere", + "pezzente", + "questuante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pauper who lives by begging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggarman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a beggar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggarwoman" + ], + "it": [ + "accattona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a beggar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim woman of high rank in India or Pakistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beldam", + "beldame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman of advanced age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bel esprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty or clever person with a fine mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believer", + "worshiper", + "worshipper" + ], + "it": [ + "credente", + "fedele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has religious faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who believes in the existence of a god or gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taoist", + "Tao" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of any branch of Taoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believer", + "truster" + ], + "it": [ + "credente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter who accepts something as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellboy", + "bellman", + "bellhop" + ], + "it": [ + "boy", + "fattorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed as an errand boy and luggage carrier around hotels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell captain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supervisor of bellboys in a hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belle" + ], + "it": [ + "bella", + "bellezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman who is the most charming and beautiful of several rivals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell founder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who casts metal bells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell ringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays musical handbells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellwether" + ], + "it": [ + "caposcuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assumes leadership of a movement or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly dancer", + "exotic belly dancer", + "exotic dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who performs a solo belly dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beloved", + "dear", + "dearest", + "honey", + "love" + ], + "it": [ + "amato", + "amore", + "caro", + "cocco", + "diletto", + "fiamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beloved person; used as terms of endearment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of belts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench warmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a substitute who seldom plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benedick", + "benedict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newly married man (especially one who has long been a bachelor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beneficiary", + "donee" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficato", + "beneficiario", + "donatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recipient of funds or other benefits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an indigenous people of northern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bereaved", + "bereaved person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has suffered the death of someone they loved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid person who is easy to take advantage of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berserker", + "berserk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the ancient Norse warriors legendary for working themselves into a frenzy before a battle and fighting with reckless savagery and insane fury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besieger" + ], + "it": [ + "assediante", + "assediatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enemy who lays siege to your position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besieger" + ], + "it": [ + "assediante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an energetic petitioner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best", + "topper" + ], + "it": [ + "migliore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who is most outstanding or excellent; someone who tops all others" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che eccelle in un settore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best friend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the one friend who is closest to you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "best man" + ], + "it": [ + "testimone dello sposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal groomsman at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betrothed" + ], + "it": [ + "promesso", + "sposo promesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person to whom you are engaged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a superior person having claim to precedence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bettor", + "better", + "wagerer", + "punter" + ], + "it": [ + "scommettitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who takes a bet or wager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bey" + ], + "it": [ + "bei", + "bey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the governor of a district or province in the Ottoman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bey" + ], + "it": [ + "bey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a title of respect for a man in Turkey or Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "B-girl", + "bar girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman employed by a bar to act as a companion to men customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliographer" + ], + "it": [ + "bibliografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained in compiling bibliographies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliophile", + "booklover", + "book lover" + ], + "it": [ + "bibliofilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who loves (and usually collects) books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliopole", + "bibliopolist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in secondhand books (especially rare or curious books)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bibliotist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in bibliotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bidder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes an offer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bidder" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes a bid at cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigamist" + ], + "it": [ + "bigamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who marries one person while already legally married to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an older brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello più vecchio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Big Brother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritarian leader and invader of privacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bigot" + ], + "it": [ + "esclusivista", + "intollerante", + "pietista", + "pinzochero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prejudiced person who is intolerant of any opinions differing from his own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big shot", + "big gun", + "big wheel", + "big cheese", + "big deal", + "big enchilada", + "big fish", + "head honcho" + ], + "it": [ + "big", + "calibro", + "pezzo grosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important influential person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big sister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an older sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilingual", + "bilingualist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who speaks two languages fluently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billiard player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays billiards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill poster", + "poster", + "bill sticker" + ], + "it": [ + "attacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pastes up bills or placards on walls or billboards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman indulged by rich and powerful older men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bimetallist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of bimetallism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biochemist" + ], + "it": [ + "biochimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with special training in biochemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biographer" + ], + "it": [ + "biografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes an account of a person's life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biologist", + "life scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "biologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a scientist who studies living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biophysicist" + ], + "it": [ + "biofisico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physicist who applies the methods of physics to biology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird fancier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a strong interest in birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird watcher", + "birder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who identifies and studies birds in their natural habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baby born; an offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birth-control campaigner", + "birth-control reformer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social reformer who advocates birth control and family planning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bisexual", + "bisexual person" + ], + "it": [ + "bisessuale", + "bisex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is sexually attracted to both sexes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bishop" + ], + "it": [ + "vescovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black and Tan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English recruit (who wore a uniform that was black and tan) serving in the Irish constabulary to suppress the Sinn Fein rebellion of 1919 to 1921" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black belt" + ], + "it": [ + "cintura nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who attained the rank of expert in the martial arts (judo or karate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackmailer", + "extortioner", + "extortionist" + ], + "it": [ + "ricattatore", + "taglieggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who extorts money from someone by threatening to expose embarrassing information about them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black marketeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages illegally in trade in scarce or controlled commodities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Muslim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an activist member of a largely American group of Blacks called the Nation of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Panther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Black Panthers political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blackshirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Italian fascist party before World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacksmith" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbro", + "fabbro ferraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smith who forges and shapes iron with a hammer and anvil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dashing young man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blasphemer" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmiatore", + "blasfemo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who speaks disrespectfully of sacred things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaster", + "chargeman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman employed to blast with explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who bleaches (cloth or flour etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleeding heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is excessively sympathetic toward those who claim to be exploited or underprivileged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a blind date (someone you meet for the first time when you have a date with them)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind person" + ], + "it": [ + "ceco", + "cieco", + "orbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a severe visual impairment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football player whose responsibility is to block players attempting to stop an offensive play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blogger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who keeps and updates a blog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blond", + "blonde" + ], + "it": [ + "bionda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with fair skin and hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male sworn (usually by a ceremony involving the mingling of blood) to treat another as his brother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood donor" + ], + "it": [ + "donatore di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives blood to be used for transfusions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blubberer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sniffles and weeps with loud sobs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bludgeoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assailant who uses a bludgeon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue baby" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "neonato cianotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant born with a bluish color; usually has a defective heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluecoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person dressed all in blue (as a soldier or sailor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluejacket", + "navy man", + "sailor", + "sailor boy" + ], + "it": [ + "marinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serviceman in the navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluestocking", + "bas bleu" + ], + "it": [ + "intellettuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman having literary or intellectual interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluffer", + "four-flusher" + ], + "it": [ + "bluffatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tries to bluff other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatbuilder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "costruttore di barche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who builds boats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatman", + "boater", + "waterman" + ], + "it": [ + "barcaiolo", + "battellante", + "battelliere", + "navalestro", + "navicellaio", + "navichiere", + "navichiero", + "passatore", + "traghettatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives or rides in a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boatswain", + "bos'n", + "bo's'n", + "bosun", + "bo'sun" + ], + "it": [ + "nostromo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petty officer on a merchant ship who controls the work of other seamen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarder" + ], + "it": [ + "collegiale", + "convittore", + "interno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pupil who lives at school during term time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boarder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who forces their way aboard ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobby" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzardone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a British policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobbysoxer", + "bobby-socker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adolescent girl wearing bobby socks (common in the 1940s)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodybuilder", + "muscle builder", + "muscle-builder", + "musclebuilder", + "muscleman" + ], + "it": [ + "culturista", + "bodybuilder", + "body builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does special exercises to develop a brawny musculature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodyguard", + "escort" + ], + "it": [ + "gorilla", + "guardia del corpo", + "scorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who escorts and protects a prominent person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body servant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a valet or personal maid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British slang) a scientist or technician engaged in military research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bohemian" + ], + "it": [ + "bohemien", + "bohémien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonconformist writer or artist who lives an unconventional life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bohemian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Bohemia in the Czech Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolshevik", + "Marxist", + "red", + "bolshie", + "bolshy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emotionally charged terms used to refer to extreme radicals or revolutionaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolshevik", + "Bolshevist" + ], + "it": [ + "bolscevico", + "rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian member of the left-wing majority group that followed Lenin and eventually became the Russian communist party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombardier" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member of a bomber crew responsible for using the bombsight and releasing the bombs on the target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombardier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer in the British artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who plants bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainer who has a sensational effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondholder" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligazionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holder of bonds issued by a government or corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondman", + "bondsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male slave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondman", + "bondsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male bound to serve without wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondwoman", + "bondswoman", + "bondmaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female slave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondwoman", + "bondswoman", + "bondmaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female bound to serve without wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bondsman", + "bondswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who signs a bond as surety for someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond servant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone bound to labor without wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonesetter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (not necessarily a licensed physician) who sets broken bones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book salesman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookbinder" + ], + "it": [ + "legatore", + "rilegatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker whose trade is binding books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookdealer", + "book seller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in books; a merchant who sells books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booker", + "booking agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages a person or company for performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookkeeper" + ], + "it": [ + "contabile", + "saldacontista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who records the transactions of a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookmaker", + "bookie" + ], + "it": [ + "allibratore", + "bookmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who accepts and pays off bets (especially on horse races)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "tipografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of books; someone who edits or publishes or binds books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookseller" + ], + "it": [ + "libraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proprietor of a bookstore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bookworm" + ], + "it": [ + "topo di biblioteca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spends a great deal of time reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "booster", + "shoplifter", + "lifter" + ], + "it": [ + "taccheggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who steals goods that are in a store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootblack", + "shoeblack" + ], + "it": [ + "lustrascarpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who polishes shoes and boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootlegger", + "moonshiner" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "contrabbandiere di alcolici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or sells illegal liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootmaker", + "boot maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of boots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of a border area (especially the border between Scotland and England)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border patrolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who patrols the borders of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore", + "dullard" + ], + "it": [ + "mattone", + "noia", + "palla", + "pizza", + "noioso", + "impiastro", + "cataplasma", + "lagna", + "pittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who evokes boredom" + ], + "it": [ + "persona fastidiosa e importuna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrower" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi prende in prestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who receives something on the promise to return it or its equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "born-again Christian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian who has experienced a dramatic conversion to faith in Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boss", + "hirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person responsible for hiring workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boswell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a devoted admirer and recorder of another's words and deeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botanist", + "phytologist", + "plant scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "botanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist specializing in the study of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of low status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom feeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opportunist who profits from the misfortunes of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boulevardier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visitor of a city boulevard (especially in Paris)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bouncer", + "chucker-out" + ], + "it": [ + "buttafuori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose duty is to throw troublemakers out of a bar or public meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounder", + "leaper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bounds or leaps (as in competition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounty hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hunter who kills predatory wild animals in order to collect a bounty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounty hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pursues fugitives or criminals for whom a reward is offered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bourbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the European royal family that ruled France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bourbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bourgeois", + "burgher" + ], + "it": [ + "borghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the middle class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowler" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giocatore di bocce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player who rolls balls down an alley at pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cricketer who delivers the ball to the batsman in cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boxer", + "pugilist" + ], + "it": [ + "boxeur", + "pugilatore", + "pugile", + "pugilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fights with his fists for sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a nationalistic Chinese secret society that led an unsuccessful rebellion in 1900 against foreign interests in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boy" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly informal reference to a grown man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slugger", + "slogger" + ], + "it": [ + "picchiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxer noted for an ability to deliver hard punches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cub", + "lad", + "laddie", + "sonny", + "sonny boy" + ], + "it": [ + "figliolo", + "figliuolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male child (a familiar term of address to a boy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boyfriend", + "fellow", + "beau", + "swain", + "young man" + ], + "it": [ + "amoroso", + "damo", + "fidanzato", + "innamorato", + "ragazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is the lover of a girl or young woman" + ], + "it": [ + "il partner di una ragazza o di una donna prima del matrimonio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-boyfriend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is no longer a woman's boyfriend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boy Scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who is a member of the Boy Scouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boy scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is considered naive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boy wonder" + ], + "it": [ + "bambino prodigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely talented young male person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bragger", + "braggart", + "boaster", + "blowhard", + "line-shooter", + "vaunter" + ], + "it": [ + "ammazzasette", + "arcifanfano", + "ballista", + "bauscia", + "begolardo", + "borioso", + "bravaccio", + "bravazzo", + "cacciaballe", + "contaballe", + "fanfarone", + "gonfianuvoli", + "gradasso", + "mangiafuoco", + "matamoro", + "millantatore", + "ostentatore", + "parabolano", + "parabolone", + "rodomonte", + "sacripante", + "sbruffone", + "smargiasso", + "spaccamontagne", + "spaccamonti", + "spaccone", + "spavaldo", + "vanaglorioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very boastful and talkative person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican laborer who worked in the United States on farms and railroads in order to ease labor shortages during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachycephalic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult with a short broad head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brahman", + "brahmin" + ], + "it": [ + "brahmano", + "bramano", + "bramino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the highest of the four Hindu varnas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brahman", + "brahmin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a social and cultural elite (especially a descendant of an old New England family)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainworker", + "brain-worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose profession involves using his head to solve problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brakeman" + ], + "it": [ + "frenatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad employee responsible for a train's brakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brass hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-ranking military officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter (especially one who participates in brawls)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breadwinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose earnings are the primary source of support for their dependents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaker", + "ledgeman" + ], + "it": [ + "brecciaiolo", + "dimazzatore", + "mazzettiere", + "spaccapietre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarry worker who splits off blocks of stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaststroker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who swims the breaststroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeder", + "stock breeder" + ], + "it": [ + "allevatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breeds animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewer" + ], + "it": [ + "birraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner or manager of a brewery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brewer", + "beer maker" + ], + "it": [ + "birraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who brews beer or ale from malt and hops and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "briber", + "suborner" + ], + "it": [ + "corrompitore", + "corruttore", + "mandante", + "subornatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pays (or otherwise incites) you to commit a wrongful act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a good fellow; helpful and trustworthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bricklayer" + ], + "it": [ + "muratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman skilled in building with bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bride" + ], + "it": [ + "sposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who has recently been married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bride" + ], + "it": [ + "sposa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman participant in her own marriage ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridesmaid", + "maid of honor" + ], + "it": [ + "damigella d'onore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operative who acts as a courier or go-between from a case officer to a secret agent in a hostile area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge partner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of bridge players who are on the same side of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge player", + "hand" + ], + "it": [ + "bridgista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a card player in a game of bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brigadier", + "brigadier general" + ], + "it": [ + "generale di brigata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general officer ranking below a major general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang term for a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcaster" + ], + "it": [ + "giornalista radiotelevisivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who broadcasts on radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast journalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who broadcasts on radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broker-dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financial specialist who trades for his own account and so acts both as a broker and principal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broth of a boy", + "broth of a man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding person; as if produced by boiling down a savory broth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brother", + "blood brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello", + "fratello di sangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male with the same parents as someone else" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona di sesso maschile con gli stessi genitori di qualcun'altro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a title given to a monk and used as form of address" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brother" + ], + "it": [ + "confratello", + "fratello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male person who is a fellow member (of a fraternity or religion or other group)" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona di sesso maschile che appartiene a una confraternita o congregazione religiosa o laica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brother", + "comrade" + ], + "it": [ + "camerata", + "compagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a term of address for those male persons engaged in the same movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brother-in-law" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brother by marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brownie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junior Girl Scout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brownshirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Nazi SA which wore brown uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viewer who looks around casually without seeking anything in particular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brummie", + "Brummy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Birmingham, England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brunet", + "brunette" + ], + "it": [ + "moro", + "mora", + "bruna", + "brunetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with dark (brown) hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buddy", + "brother", + "chum", + "crony", + "pal", + "sidekick" + ], + "it": [ + "amicone", + "compare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugler" + ], + "it": [ + "tromba", + "trombettiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays a bugle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "builder", + "constructor" + ], + "it": [ + "costruttore", + "edificatore", + "fabbricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who contracts for and supervises construction (as of a building)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who creates a business or who organizes and develops a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull", + "bruiser", + "strapper", + "Samson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large and strong and heavyset man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ], + "it": [ + "bull", + "rialzista", + "toro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investor with an optimistic market outlook; an investor who expects prices to rise and so buys now for resale later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull", + "cop", + "copper", + "fuzz", + "pig" + ], + "it": [ + "piedipiatti", + "questurino", + "sbirro", + "poliziotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uncomplimentary terms for a policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bully", + "tough", + "hooligan", + "ruffian", + "roughneck", + "rowdy", + "yob", + "yobo", + "yobbo" + ], + "it": [ + "bravaccio", + "bravazzo", + "bullo", + "bulo", + "teppista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel and brutal fellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bully" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired thug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullyboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swaggering tough; usually one acting as an agent of a political faction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bungler", + "blunderer", + "fumbler", + "bumbler", + "stumbler", + "sad sack", + "botcher", + "butcher", + "fuckup" + ], + "it": [ + "ciabattone", + "cialtrone", + "disordinato", + "guastamestieri", + "guazzabuglione", + "impiastratore", + "incapace", + "pasticcione", + "scalzacane", + "scalzacani", + "schiappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes mistakes because of incompetence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunkmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who occupies the same sleeping quarters as yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunny", + "bunny girl" + ], + "it": [ + "coniglietta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young waitress in a nightclub whose costume includes the tail and ears of a rabbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a batter who bunts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bureaucrat", + "administrative official" + ], + "it": [ + "burocrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official of a bureaucracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgess", + "burgher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a citizen of an English borough" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burglar" + ], + "it": [ + "svaligiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who enters a building with intent to steal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgomaster" + ], + "it": [ + "borgomastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mayor of a municipality in Germany or Holland or Flanders or Austria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military governor of a German town in the 12th and 13th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman ruling a German castle and surrounding grounds by hereditary right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bursar" + ], + "it": [ + "economo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treasurer at a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busboy", + "waiter's assistant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restaurant attendant who sets tables and assists waiters and clears away dirty dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dweller in the Australian bush country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bushman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the race of nomadic hunters and gatherers who live in southern Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushwhacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Confederate guerrilla during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the newspaper editor responsible for business news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "businessman", + "man of affairs" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo d'affari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person engaged in commercial or industrial business (especially an owner or executive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "businesswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female businessperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "businessperson", + "bourgeois" + ], + "it": [ + "borghese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capitalist who engages in industrial commercial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "business traveler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler whose expenses are paid by the business he works for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busker" + ], + "it": [ + "cantambanco", + "cantimbanco", + "suonatore ambulante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who entertains people for money in public places (as by singing or dancing), usually while asking for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busman", + "bus driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives a bus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (or thing) that breaks up or overpowers something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buster", + "bronco buster", + "broncobuster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breaks horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a robust child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busybody", + "nosy-parker", + "nosey-parker", + "quidnunc" + ], + "it": [ + "curioso", + "ficcanaso", + "impiccione", + "indiscreto", + "invadente", + "mettibocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who meddles in the affairs of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butch", + "dike", + "dyke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) offensive term for a lesbian who is noticeably masculine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher", + "slaughterer" + ], + "it": [ + "beccaio", + "macellaio", + "macellatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who slaughters or dresses meat for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher" + ], + "it": [ + "massacratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brutal indiscriminate murderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher", + "meatman" + ], + "it": [ + "beccaio", + "macellaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retailer of meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butler", + "pantryman" + ], + "it": [ + "maggiordomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manservant (usually the head servant of a household) who has charge of wines and the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt", + "goat", + "laughingstock", + "stooge" + ], + "it": [ + "ludibrio", + "zimbello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victim of ridicule or pranks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter who strikes the opponent with his head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfingers" + ], + "it": [ + "mani di ricotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drops things (especially one who cannot catch a ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttinsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a meddler who tends to butt in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buyer", + "purchaser", + "emptor", + "vendee" + ], + "it": [ + "acquirente", + "compratore", + "oblatore", + "offerente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who buys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bystander" + ], + "it": [ + "astante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonparticipant spectator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabalist", + "Kabbalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student of the Jewish Kabbalah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabalist", + "kabbalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who is highly skilled in obscure or difficult or esoteric matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a cabal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin boy" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young man acting as a servant on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinetmaker", + "furniture maker" + ], + "it": [ + "ebanista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworker who specializes in making furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabinet minister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a member of the cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cad", + "bounder", + "blackguard", + "dog", + "hound", + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is morally reprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caddie", + "golf caddie" + ], + "it": [ + "portamazze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who carries the golf clubs for a player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cadet", + "plebe" + ], + "it": [ + "accademista", + "allievo", + "cadetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military trainee (as at a military academy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caffeine addict", + "caffein addict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone addicted to caffeine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cairene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Cairo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caitiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cowardly and despicable person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculator", + "reckoner", + "figurer", + "estimator", + "computer" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolatore", + "contabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number cruncher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone able to perform complex and lengthy calculations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliph", + "calif", + "kaliph", + "kalif", + "khalif", + "khalifah" + ], + "it": [ + "califfo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller", + "company" + ], + "it": [ + "visitatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social or business visitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller", + "caller-up", + "phoner", + "telephoner" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "persona che chiama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person initiating a telephone call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who convenes a meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who proclaims or summons in a loud voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller", + "caller-out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who announces the changes of steps during a dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bettor in a card game who matches the bet and calls for a show of hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investor who buys a call option" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call girl" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazza squillo", + "squillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female prostitute who can be hired by telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calligrapher", + "calligraphist" + ], + "it": [ + "calligrafo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in penmanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvinist", + "Genevan" + ], + "it": [ + "calvinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of the theological doctrines of John Calvin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cameraman", + "camera operator", + "cinematographer" + ], + "it": [ + "cameraman", + "cineoperatore", + "operatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographer who operates a movie camera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaigner", + "candidate", + "nominee" + ], + "it": [ + "candidato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a politician who is running for public office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camper" + ], + "it": [ + "campeggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone living temporarily in a tent or lodge for recreation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campfire Girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who is a member of Campfire Girls; for girls age 7-18" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp follower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower who is not a member of an ingroup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp follower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prostitute who provides service to military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in the same camp you do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canaanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Semitic people who occupied Canaan before it was conquered by the Israelites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female singer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candidate", + "prospect" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirante", + "concorrente", + "candidato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlemaker" + ], + "it": [ + "candelaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes or sells candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candy striper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volunteer worker in a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannibal", + "man-eater", + "anthropophagus", + "anthropophagite" + ], + "it": [ + "antropofago", + "cannibale", + "mangiatore di uomini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who eats human flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon fodder", + "fodder", + "fresh fish" + ], + "it": [ + "carne da cannone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soldiers who are regarded as expendable in the face of artillery fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canoeist", + "paddler" + ], + "it": [ + "canoista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone paddling a canoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canon" + ], + "it": [ + "canonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a priest who is a member of a cathedral chapter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canonist" + ], + "it": [ + "canonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in canon law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantor", + "hazan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official of a synagogue who conducts the liturgical part of the service and sings or chants the prayers intended to be performed as solos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvasser" + ], + "it": [ + "scrutatore", + "scrutinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes or counts votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capetian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Capetian dynasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalist" + ], + "it": [ + "capitalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative advocate of capitalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a branch of an organized crime syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain", + "headwaiter", + "maitre d'hotel", + "maitre d'" + ], + "it": [ + "capocameriere", + "maître" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dining-room attendant who is in charge of the waiters and the seating of customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain", + "senior pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "capitano", + "comandante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pilot in charge of an airship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain", + "skipper" + ], + "it": [ + "capitano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the naval officer in command of a military ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain", + "police captain", + "police chief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policeman in charge of a precinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain" + ], + "it": [ + "capitano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain", + "chieftain" + ], + "it": [ + "capitano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal that is confined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person held in the grip of a strong emotion or passion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbineer", + "carabineer", + "carabinier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier (historically a mounted soldier) who is armed with a carbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player who holds a card or cards in a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds a credit card or debit card" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardinal" + ], + "it": [ + "cardinale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardiologist", + "heart specialist", + "heart surgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "cardiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in cardiology; a specialist in the structure and function and disorders of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays (or knows how to play) card games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cardsharp", + "card sharp", + "cardsharper", + "card sharper", + "sharper", + "sharpie", + "sharpy", + "card shark" + ], + "it": [ + "baro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career girl" + ], + "it": [ + "donna in carriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a careerist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "careerist" + ], + "it": [ + "carrierista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional who is intent on furthering his or her career by any possible means and often at the expense of their own integrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a careerist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caregiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is responsible for attending to the needs of a child or dependent adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caretaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custodian who is hired to take care of something (property or a person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caretaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who performs the duties of an office temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carhop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waiter at a drive-in restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caricaturist" + ], + "it": [ + "caricaturista", + "macchiettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who parodies in an exaggerated manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carillonneur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays a carillon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caroler", + "caroller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer of carols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolingian", + "Carlovingian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Carolingian dynasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter" + ], + "it": [ + "carpentiere", + "falegname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carper", + "niggler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who constantly criticizes in a petty way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpetbagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outsider who seeks power or success presumptuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet knight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knight who spends his time in luxury and idleness (knighted on the carpet at court rather than on the field of battle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier", + "immune carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) a person (or animal) who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier", + "newsboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who delivers newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier", + "bearer", + "toter" + ], + "it": [ + "latore", + "porgitore", + "portatore", + "trasportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose employment involves carrying something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carter" + ], + "it": [ + "carrettiere", + "carrettaio", + "barocciaio", + "barrocciaio", + "birocciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose work is driving carts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Cartesian thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carthusian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Carthusian order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartographer", + "map maker" + ], + "it": [ + "cartografo", + "mappatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes maps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartoonist" + ], + "it": [ + "cartonista", + "cartoonist", + "fumettista", + "pupazzettista", + "vignettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who draws cartoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartwright" + ], + "it": [ + "carpentiere", + "carradore", + "carraio", + "carratore", + "carrettaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who makes and repairs carts and wagons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casanova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any man noted for his amorous adventures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person requiring professional services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operative who also serves as an official staffer of an intelligence service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person responsible for receiving payments for goods and services (as in a shop or restaurant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castaway", + "shipwreck survivor" + ], + "it": [ + "naufrago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shipwrecked person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castrato" + ], + "it": [ + "castrato", + "evirato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male singer who was castrated before puberty and retains a soprano or alto voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casualty", + "injured party" + ], + "it": [ + "vittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone injured or killed in an accident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casualty" + ], + "it": [ + "vittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone injured or killed or captured or missing in a military engagement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casuist", + "sophist" + ], + "it": [ + "sofista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose reasoning is subtle and often specious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spiteful woman gossip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catalan" + ], + "it": [ + "catalano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Catalonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataleptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from catalepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataloger", + "cataloguer" + ], + "it": [ + "cardex", + "catalogatore", + "ordinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a librarian who classifies publication according to a categorial system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalyst" + ], + "it": [ + "catalizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something that causes an important event to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catamite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who submits to a sexual relationship with a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "match" + ], + "it": [ + "partito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che si presenti come occasione di matrimonio (soprattutto in rapporto alla situazione economica e sociale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catcher", + "backstop" + ], + "it": [ + "catcher", + "prenditore", + "ricevitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who plays the position of catcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechist" + ], + "it": [ + "catechista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who instructs catechumens in preparation for baptism (especially one using a catechism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechumen", + "neophyte" + ], + "it": [ + "catecumeno", + "neofita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new convert being taught the principles of Christianity by a catechist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who provides food and service (as for a party)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catholicos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ecclesiastical title of the leaders of the Nestorian and Armenian churches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat fancier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breeds and cares for cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cattleman", + "cow man", + "beef man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who raises (or tends) cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cavalier", + "Royalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a royalist supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalier", + "chevalier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gallant or courtly gentleman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalryman", + "trooper" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalleggero", + "cavalleggiero", + "soldato di cavalleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier mounted on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavalryman", + "trooper" + ], + "it": [ + "poliziotto motorizzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in a motorized army unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caveman", + "cave man", + "cave dweller", + "troglodyte" + ], + "it": [ + "cavernicolo", + "troglodita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in a cave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebrant" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrante", + "officiante", + "ufficiante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officiating priest celebrating the Eucharist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebrant", + "celebrator", + "celebrater" + ], + "it": [ + "celebratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is celebrating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebrity", + "famous person" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely known person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celibate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmarried person who has taken a religious vow of chastity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cellist", + "violoncellist" + ], + "it": [ + "violoncellista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays a violoncello" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censor" + ], + "it": [ + "censore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is authorized to read publications or correspondence or to watch theatrical performances and suppress in whole or in part anything considered obscene or politically unacceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who censures or condemns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "census taker", + "enumerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who collects census data by visiting individual homes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centenarian" + ], + "it": [ + "centenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is at least 100 years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "snapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the person who plays center on the line of scrimmage and snaps the ball to the quarterback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(basketball) the person who plays center on a basketball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ice hockey) the person who plays center on a hockey team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrist", + "middle of the roader", + "moderate", + "moderationist" + ], + "it": [ + "centrista", + "moderato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes a position in the political center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centurion" + ], + "it": [ + "centurione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) the leader of 100 soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certified public accountant", + "CPA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an accountant who has passed certain examinations and met all other statutory and licensing requirements of a United States state to be certified by that state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chachka", + "tsatske", + "tshatshke", + "tchotchke", + "tchotchkeleh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) an attractive, unconventional woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain-smoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy smoker (usually of cigarettes) who lights one off of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chairman of the board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chairman of the board of directors of a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaldean", + "Chaldaean", + "Chaldee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wise man skilled in occult learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamberlain" + ], + "it": [ + "ciambellano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer who manages the household of a king or nobleman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamberlain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treasurer of a municipal corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chambermaid", + "fille de chambre" + ], + "it": [ + "cameriera", + "cameriera ai piani", + "cameriera al piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maid who is employed to clean and care for bedrooms (now primarily in hotels)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chameleon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a changeable or inconstant person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champion", + "fighter", + "hero", + "paladin" + ], + "it": [ + "campione", + "combattente", + "lottatore", + "paladino", + "partigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fights for a cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champion", + "champ", + "title-holder" + ], + "it": [ + "campione", + "campionessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has won first place in a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the honorary or titular head of a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chancellor", + "premier", + "prime minister" + ], + "it": [ + "primo ministro", + "cancelliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who is head of state (in several countries)" + ], + "it": [ + "in alcuni paesi responsabile del potere esecutivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prime Minister", + "PM", + "premier" + ], + "it": [ + "premier", + "primo ministro britannico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the position of head of the government in the United Kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chancellor of the Exchequer", + "Chancellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British cabinet minister responsible for finance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker (and seller) of candles and soap and oils and paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax-chandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who deals in wax candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail dealer in provisions and supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "changeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child secretly exchanged for another in infancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chap", + "fellow", + "feller", + "fella", + "lad", + "gent", + "blighter", + "cuss", + "bloke" + ], + "it": [ + "tale", + "tizio", + "tipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy or man" + ], + "it": [ + "persona non meglio definita, la cui identità sia ininfluente nel discorso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaperon", + "chaperone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who accompanies and supervises a young woman or gatherings of young people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaplain" + ], + "it": [ + "cappellano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman ministering to some institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chapman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archaic term for an itinerant peddler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison chaplain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chaplain in a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chauffeur" + ], + "it": [ + "autista", + "chauffeur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man paid to drive a privately owned car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chauffeuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman chauffeur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character", + "eccentric", + "type", + "case" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo", + "elemento", + "personaggio", + "sagoma", + "eccentrico", + "originale", + "numero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities)" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che è fuori dal comune o ha un comportamento originale, bizzarro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character actor" + ], + "it": [ + "caratterista", + "macchiettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who specializes in playing supporting roles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witness who testifies under oath as to the good reputation of another person in the community where that person lives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal burner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker whose job is to make charcoal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person committed to your care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge d'affaires" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official temporarily in charge of a diplomatic mission in the absence of the ambassador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge of quarters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted man who handles his unit's administrative matters after hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charioteer" + ], + "it": [ + "auriga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driver of a chariot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charmer", + "beguiler" + ], + "it": [ + "allettatore", + "ammaliatore", + "incantatore", + "maliardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who charms others (usually by personal attractiveness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chartered accountant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British or Canadian accountant who is a member of a professional body that has a royal charter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charter member" + ], + "it": [ + "membro fondatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the original members when an organization was founded" + ], + "it": [ + "componente di una organizzione che ha partecipato allo sua fondazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chartist", + "technical analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock market analyst who tries to predict market trends from graphs of recent prices of securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chartist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a 19th century English reformer who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charwoman", + "char", + "cleaning woman", + "cleaning lady", + "woman" + ], + "it": [ + "donna a ore", + "donna delle pulizie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human female employed to do housework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatelaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mistress of a chateau or large country house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatterer", + "babbler", + "prater", + "chatterbox", + "magpie", + "spouter" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierino", + "chiacchierone", + "ciancione", + "cicala", + "cicalone", + "farabolone", + "gracchiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obnoxious and foolish and loquacious talker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chauvinist", + "jingoist", + "jingo", + "flag-waver", + "hundred-percenter", + "patrioteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme bellicose nationalist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chauvinist" + ], + "it": [ + "sciovinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a prejudiced belief in the superiority of his or her own kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antifeminist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does not believe in the social or economic or political equality of men and women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male chauvinist", + "sexist" + ], + "it": [ + "fallocrate", + "maschilista", + "sessista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man with a chauvinistic belief in the inferiority of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheapjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peddler of inferior goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheapskate", + "tightwad" + ], + "it": [ + "spilorcio", + "taccagno", + "pitocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miserly person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chebab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Palestinian juvenile 10-15 years old who fights against the Israelis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chechen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Chechnya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who checks the correctness of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who checks coats or baggage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check girl", + "hatcheck girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female checker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectator who shouts encouragement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerleader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads the cheers by spectators at a sporting event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerleader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enthusiastic and vocal supporter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheesemonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemist" + ], + "it": [ + "chimico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who specializes in chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheops", + "Khufu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian Pharaoh of the 27th century BC who commissioned the Great Pyramid at Giza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet innocent baby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chess player of great skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chess player" + ], + "it": [ + "scacchista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the game of chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chewer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who chews (especially someone who chews tobacco)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chichi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who dresses in a trendy fashionable way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chief Constable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of the police force in a county (or similar area)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chief executive officer", + "CEO", + "chief operating officer" + ], + "it": [ + "presidente della società" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the corporate executive responsible for the operations of the firm; reports to a board of directors; may appoint other managers (including a president)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chief financial officer", + "CFO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the corporate executive having financial authority to make appropriations and authorize expenditures for a firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chief justice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the judge who presides over a supreme court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chief of staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior officer of a service of the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chief petty officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with the senior noncommissioned naval rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chief Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the British Cabinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child", + "kid", + "youngster", + "minor", + "shaver", + "nipper", + "small fry", + "tiddler", + "tike", + "tyke", + "fry", + "nestling" + ], + "it": [ + "bambino", + "bimbo", + "fanciullo", + "marmocchio", + "mimmo", + "moccioso", + "pargolo", + "figlio", + "giovane", + "ragazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young person of either sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child", + "kid" + ], + "it": [ + "bambino", + "figlio", + "marmocchio", + "figlio piccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" + ], + "it": [ + "figlio in tenera età" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child", + "baby" + ], + "it": [ + "bambino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an immature childish person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a clan or tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child prodigy", + "infant prodigy", + "wonder child" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prodigy whose talents are recognized at an early age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chimneysweeper", + "chimneysweep", + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzacamino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cleans soot from chimneys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiropractor" + ], + "it": [ + "chiroperateupa", + "chiropratico", + "chiroterapeuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who practices chiropractic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiropodist", + "foot doctor", + "podiatrist" + ], + "it": [ + "callista", + "pedicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in care for the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dismissive term for a girl who is immature or who lacks respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choirboy" + ], + "it": [ + "corista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who sings in a choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choirmaster", + "precentor", + "cantor" + ], + "it": [ + "maestro del coro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musical director of a choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate person who is unable to perform effectively because of nervous tension or agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choragus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Greece) leader of a group or festival; leader of a chorus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreographer" + ], + "it": [ + "coreografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who creates new dances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorister" + ], + "it": [ + "corista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer in a choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus girl", + "showgirl", + "chorine" + ], + "it": [ + "soubrette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who dances in a chorus line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is the object of choice; who is given preference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronicler" + ], + "it": [ + "cronista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes chronicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chukchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an indigenous people living on the Chukchi Peninsula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chump", + "fool", + "gull", + "mark", + "patsy", + "fall guy", + "sucker", + "soft touch", + "mug" + ], + "it": [ + "allocco", + "babbeo", + "balordo", + "castrone", + "credulone", + "fanciullone", + "gonzo", + "grullo", + "ingenuo", + "mamalucco", + "mammalucco", + "merlo", + "paolino", + "pippione", + "pisellone", + "pollastro", + "pollo", + "rimbecillito", + "stolido", + "stolto", + "stupido", + "tonto", + "uccellaccio", + "pesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of" + ], + "it": [ + "persona ingenua e credulona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chutzpanik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a person characterized by chutzpa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Church Father", + "Father of the Church", + "Father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) any of about 70 theologians in the period from the 2nd to the 7th century whose writing established and confirmed official church doctrine; in the Roman Catholic Church some were later declared saints and became Doctor of the Church; the best known Latin Church Fathers are Ambrose, Augustine, Gregory the Great, and Jerome; those who wrote in Greek include Athanasius, Basil, Gregory Nazianzen, and John Chrysostom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churchgoer", + "church member" + ], + "it": [ + "devoto", + "praticante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious person who goes to church regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churchwarden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in the Episcopal church who helps a parish priest with secular matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cicerone" + ], + "it": [ + "cicerone", + "guida", + "guida turistica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guide who conducts and informs sightseers" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che, per mestiere o occasionalmente, accompagna i turisti nella visita di una città, di un museo ecc., illustrandone la genesi artistica e storica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigarette smoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smoker of cigarettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cigar smoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smoker of cigars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinderella" + ], + "it": [ + "Cenerentola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman whose merits were not been recognized but who then achieves sudden success and recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cipher", + "cypher", + "nobody", + "nonentity" + ], + "it": [ + "nessuno", + "nullità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of no influence" + ], + "it": [ + "persona di nessun valore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circus acrobat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat who performs acrobatic feats in a circus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citizen" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community" + ], + "it": [ + "membro di uno stato o di una comunità politica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city editor" + ], + "it": [ + "capocronista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the newspaper editor in charge of editing local news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important municipal official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a financier who works in one of the banks in the City of London" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i88999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "city slicker", + "city boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a city dweller with sophisticated manners and clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civic leader", + "civil leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader in municipal affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegnere civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer trained to design and construct and maintain public works (roads or bridges or harbors etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civilian" + ], + "it": [ + "borghese", + "civile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmilitary citizen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil libertarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a libertarian who is actively concerned with the protection of civil liberties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil rights leader", + "civil rights worker", + "civil rights activist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader of the political movement dedicated to securing equal opportunity for members of minority groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil servant" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegato statale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public official who is a member of the civil service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claimant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who claims a benefit or right or title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who illegally occupies property to which another has a legal claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clairvoyant" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaroveggente", + "veggente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has the power of clairvoyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapper", + "applauder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who applauds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarinetist", + "clarinettist" + ], + "it": [ + "clarinettista", + "clarinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the clarinet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classic" + ], + "it": [ + "classico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who has created classic works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classicist" + ], + "it": [ + "classicista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artistic person who adheres to classicism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classicist", + "classical scholar" + ], + "it": [ + "classicista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student of ancient Greek and Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who creates classifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claustrophobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from claustrophobia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto alle pulizie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is cleaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleaner", + "dry cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "gestore di lavanderia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operator of dry-cleaning establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clergyman", + "reverend", + "man of the cloth" + ], + "it": [ + "chierico", + "ecclesiastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleric", + "churchman", + "divine", + "ecclesiastic" + ], + "it": [ + "chierico", + "ecclesiastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman or other person in religious orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clericalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who advocates clericalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegato", + "colletto bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)" + ], + "it": [ + "un lavoratore dipendente che svolge lavoro non manuale per un ente pubblico o una azienza privata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clever Dick", + "clever clogs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intellectual who is ostentatiously and irritatingly knowledgeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cliff dweller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Anasazi people living in the southwestern United States who built rock or adobe dwellings on ledges in the sides of caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climatologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is expert in climatology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climber" + ], + "it": [ + "alpinista", + "arrampicatore", + "scalatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who climbs as a sport; especially someone who climbs mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinician" + ], + "it": [ + "clinico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner (of medicine or psychology) who does clinical work instead of laboratory experiments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swindler who fleeces the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloakmaker", + "furrier" + ], + "it": [ + "pellicciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is making or repairing fur garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock watcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker preoccupied with the arrival of quitting time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clocksmith", + "clockmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "orologiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is making or repairing clocks and watches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closer", + "finisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a relief pitcher who can protect a lead in the last inning or two of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who closes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closet queen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negative term for a homosexual man who chooses not to reveal his sexual orientation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothier", + "haberdasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who sells men's clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clown", + "buffoon", + "goof", + "goofball", + "merry andrew" + ], + "it": [ + "buffone", + "pagliaccio", + "zanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who amuses others by ridiculous behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clown", + "buffoon" + ], + "it": [ + "buffone", + "giullare", + "zanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rude or vulgar fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clumsy person" + ], + "it": [ + "imbranato", + "cavallone", + "mastodonte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with poor motor coordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach", + "private instructor", + "tutor" + ], + "it": [ + "aio", + "istitutore", + "pedagogo", + "precettore", + "insegnante privato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives private instruction (as in singing, acting, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach", + "manager", + "handler" + ], + "it": [ + "allenatore", + "mister", + "coach", + "Commissario Tecnico", + "CT" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant football coach in charge of the linemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitching coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant baseball coach in charge of pitchers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coachbuilder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who makes the bodies of motor vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coachman" + ], + "it": [ + "cocchiere", + "postiglione", + "vetturino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who drives a coach (or carriage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalman" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who delivers coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal miner", + "collier", + "pitman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works in a coal mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who coasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of a coastal area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coastguardsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a coastguard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coauthor", + "joint author" + ], + "it": [ + "coautore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who collaborates with others in writing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian term for a pal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobbler", + "shoemaker" + ], + "it": [ + "calzolaio", + "ciabattino", + "scarpaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes or repairs shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocaine addict" + ], + "it": [ + "cocainomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person addicted to cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocksucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who performs fellatio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codefendant", + "co-defendant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defendant who has been joined together with one or more other defendants in a single action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codetalker", + "windtalker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret agent who was one of the Navajos who devised and used a code based on their native language; the code was unbroken by the Japanese during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codger", + "old codger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used affectionately to refer to an eccentric but amusing old man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-beneficiary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more beneficiaries of the same benefit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-discoverer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is the first of two or more people to discover something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-ed", + "college girl" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female student at a coeducational college or university" + ], + "it": [ + "studentessa di un'università mista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a subordinate who performs an important but routine function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive neuroscientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cognitive scientist who studies the neurophysiological foundations of mental phenomena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cognitive scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who studies cognitive processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coiffeur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man hairdresser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coiffeuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman hairdresser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coiner", + "minter", + "moneyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who coins or stamps money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a source of new words or new expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coiner" + ], + "it": [ + "falsario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of counterfeit coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aloof unemotional person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaborator", + "cooperator", + "partner", + "pardner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate in an activity or endeavor or sphere of common interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaborator", + "collaborationist", + "quisling" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborazionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who collaborates with an enemy occupying force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colleague", + "confrere", + "fellow" + ], + "it": [ + "collega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is member of one's class or profession" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona della tua stessa professione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colleague", + "co-worker", + "fellow worker", + "workfellow" + ], + "it": [ + "collega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate that one works with" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona con cui lavori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collector", + "gatherer", + "accumulator" + ], + "it": [ + "collettore", + "collettore delle imposte", + "esattore", + "collezionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is employed to collect payments (as for rent or taxes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collector", + "aggregator" + ], + "it": [ + "collezionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who collects things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colleen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Irish girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "college student", + "university student" + ], + "it": [ + "goliardo", + "universitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student enrolled in a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collegian", + "college man", + "college boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student (or former student) at a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonel" + ], + "it": [ + "colonnello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colonel Blimp", + "Blimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any elderly pompous reactionary ultranationalistic person (after the cartoon character created by Sir David Low)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of a colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonialist" + ], + "it": [ + "colonialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in colonialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonizer", + "coloniser" + ], + "it": [ + "colonizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps to found a colony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coloratura", + "coloratura soprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lyric soprano who specializes in coloratura vocal music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color bearer", + "standard-bearer" + ], + "it": [ + "alfiere", + "antesignano", + "portabandiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soldier who carries the standard of the unit in military parades or in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ceremonial escort for the (regimental) colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sergeant in a color guard who carries one of the colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter able to achieve special effects with color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colossian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the city of Colossae in ancient Phrygia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colossus", + "behemoth", + "giant", + "heavyweight", + "titan" + ], + "it": [ + "colosso", + "titano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of exceptional importance and reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columnist", + "editorialist" + ], + "it": [ + "colonnista", + "columnist", + "cronista", + "editorialista", + "fondista", + "opinionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who writes editorials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combatant", + "battler", + "belligerent", + "fighter", + "scrapper" + ], + "it": [ + "combattente", + "lottatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fights (or is fighting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combat pilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "airplane pilot who fights in an action between two military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who separates and straightens the fibers of cotton or wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedian", + "comic" + ], + "it": [ + "attore comico", + "comico", + "commediante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor in a comedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedienne" + ], + "it": [ + "attrice comica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female comedian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comedienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female actor in a comedy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with a promising future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort woman", + "ianfu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman forced into prostitution for Japanese servicemen during World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone in an official position of authority who can command or control others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned naval officer who ranks above a lieutenant commander and below a captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commander in chief", + "generalissimo" + ], + "it": [ + "generalissimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the officer who holds the supreme command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commanding officer", + "commandant", + "commander" + ], + "it": [ + "comandante", + "condottiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in command of a military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commando", + "ranger" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a military unit trained as shock troops for hit-and-run raids" + ], + "it": [ + "soldato appartenente ad un commando" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commentator", + "reviewer" + ], + "it": [ + "cronista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who reports and analyzes events of the day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercial artist" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an illustrator who is supported by advertising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissar", + "political commissar" + ], + "it": [ + "commissario", + "commissario del popolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official of the Communist Party who was assigned to teach party principles to a military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissionaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a uniformed doorman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissioned officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military officer holding a commission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissioned military officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marine Corps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissioned naval officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissioner" + ], + "it": [ + "commissario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government administrator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commissioner" + ], + "it": [ + "commissario", + "membro di commissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a commission" + ], + "it": [ + "membro di una commissione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committee member" + ], + "it": [ + "membro di comitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a committee" + ], + "it": [ + "componente di un comitato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committeeman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a member of committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "committeewoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a member of a committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couch potato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idler who spends much time on a couch (usually watching television)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "councilman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a council member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "council member", + "councillor" + ], + "it": [ + "assessore", + "consigliere", + "consultore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a council" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "councilwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a council member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commodore" + ], + "it": [ + "commodoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned naval officer who ranks above a captain and below a rear admiral; the lowest grade of admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicant" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person entitled to receive Communion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communist", + "commie" + ], + "it": [ + "comunista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a socialist who advocates communism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Communist" + ], + "it": [ + "comunista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the communist party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commuter" + ], + "it": [ + "pendolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels regularly from home in a suburb to work in a city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "companion", + "comrade", + "fellow", + "familiar", + "associate" + ], + "it": [ + "compagna", + "compagno", + "convivente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friend who is frequently in the company of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "companion", + "fellow traveler", + "fellow traveller" + ], + "it": [ + "compagno di viaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who accompanies you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee whose first loyalty is to the company rather than to fellow workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator who works for a company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparative anatomist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anatomist who compares the anatomy of different animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British term for someone who introduces television acts or cabarets etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compiler" + ], + "it": [ + "compilatore", + "estensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who compiles information (as for reference purposes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone makes things complex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composer" + ], + "it": [ + "autore", + "compositore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who composes music as a profession" + ], + "it": [ + "compositore di musica professionale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compositor", + "typesetter", + "setter", + "typographer" + ], + "it": [ + "compositore", + "tipografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who sets written material into type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comptroller General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States federal official who supervises expenditures and settles claims against the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comptroller of the Currency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States federal official who regulates the national banks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compulsive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a compulsive disposition; someone who feels compelled to do certain things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computational linguist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained in computer science and linguistics who uses computers for natural language processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer expert", + "computer guru" + ], + "it": [ + "guru dell'informatica", + "esperto dell'informatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority on computers and computing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "informatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who specializes in the theory of computation and the design of computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computer user" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses computers for work or entertainment or communication or business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comrade" + ], + "it": [ + "compagna", + "compagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow member of the Communist Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert-goer", + "music lover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attends concerts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concessionaire", + "concessioner" + ], + "it": [ + "concessionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds or operates a concession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conchologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collector and student of mollusc shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concierge" + ], + "it": [ + "guardaporta", + "portiere", + "portinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French caretaker of apartments or a hotel; lives on the premises and oversees people entering and leaving and handles mail and acts as janitor or porter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conciliator", + "make-peace", + "pacifier", + "peacemaker", + "reconciler" + ], + "it": [ + "conciliatore", + "pacere", + "paciale", + "paciaro", + "paciere", + "pacificatore", + "riconciliatore", + "mediatore di pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to bring peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concubine", + "courtesan", + "doxy", + "paramour" + ], + "it": [ + "concubina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who cohabits with an important man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductor", + "music director", + "director" + ], + "it": [ + "direttore", + "direttore d'orchestra", + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who leads a musical group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who collects fares on a public conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conditioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trainer of athletes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confectioner", + "candymaker" + ], + "it": [ + "caramellaio", + "confettiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes candies and other sweets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confederate", + "collaborator", + "henchman", + "partner in crime" + ], + "it": [ + "complice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assists in a plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confederate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of the Confederate States of America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confederate soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in the Army of the Confederacy during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conferee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a conference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conferee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person on whom something is bestowed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conferrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who converses or confers (as in a conference)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confessor" + ], + "it": [ + "confessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a priest who hears confession and gives absolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confessor" + ], + "it": [ + "confessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who confesses (discloses information damaging to themselves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidant", + "intimate" + ], + "it": [ + "confidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom private matters are confided" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female confidant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confidence man", + "con man", + "con artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swindler who exploits the confidence of his victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swindler", + "defrauder", + "chiseller", + "chiseler", + "gouger", + "scammer", + "grifter" + ], + "it": [ + "abbindolatore", + "aggiratore", + "arcadore", + "arcatore", + "baro", + "bidonista", + "blackleg", + "cagliostro", + "camorrista", + "frodatore", + "gabbacompagno", + "gabbacristiani", + "gabbamondo", + "gabbatore", + "giuntatore", + "imbroglione", + "impostore", + "lestofante", + "magliaro", + "mistificatore", + "pataccaro", + "pelagatti", + "pellaccia", + "raggiratore", + "truccone", + "truffaldino", + "truffatore", + "turlupinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who swindles you by means of deception or fraud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confucian", + "Confucianist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in the teachings of Confucius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congregant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a congregation (especially that of a church or synagogue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congregationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "congregazionalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Congregational Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congressman", + "congresswoman", + "representative" + ], + "it": [ + "membro del Congresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the United States House of Representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal abbreviation of `representative'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplier (especially of narcotics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(usually plural) a person who is influential and to whom you are connected in some way (as by family or friendship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connoisseur", + "cognoscente" + ], + "it": [ + "amatore", + "bongustaio", + "buongustaio", + "conoscitore", + "esperto", + "estimatore", + "gustatore", + "intenditore", + "riguardatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conqueror", + "vanquisher" + ], + "it": [ + "conquistatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is victorious by force of arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conquistador" + ], + "it": [ + "conquistador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adventurer (especially one who led the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscientious objector", + "CO" + ], + "it": [ + "obiettore di coscienza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who refuses to serve in the armed forces on grounds of conscience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conservative", + "conservativist" + ], + "it": [ + "conservatore", + "tradizionalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is reluctant to accept changes and new ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conservative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Conservative Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conformist" + ], + "it": [ + "ben pensante", + "benpensante", + "conformista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who conforms to established standards of conduct (especially in religious matters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonconformist", + "recusant" + ], + "it": [ + "anticonformista", + "dissidente", + "non conformista", + "nonconformista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who refuses to conform to established standards of conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nonconformist", + "chapelgoer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant in England who is not a member of the Church of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anglican" + ], + "it": [ + "anglicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant who is a follower of Anglicanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consignee" + ], + "it": [ + "consegnatario", + "destinatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person to whom merchandise is delivered over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consigner", + "consignor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who delivers over or commits merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the husband or wife of a reigning monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspirator", + "coconspirator", + "plotter", + "machinator" + ], + "it": [ + "catilinario", + "congiurato", + "congiuratore", + "cospiratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a conspiracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawman with less authority and jurisdiction than a sheriff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constable", + "police constable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police officer of the lowest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of constitutional government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construction worker", + "hard hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker skilled in building offices or dwellings etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constructivist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist of the school of constructivism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consul" + ], + "it": [ + "console" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat appointed by a government to protect its commercial interests and help its citizens in a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consumptive", + "lunger", + "tubercular" + ], + "it": [ + "tisico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with pulmonary tuberculosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contact", + "middleman" + ], + "it": [ + "aggancio", + "amicizia", + "conoscenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is in a position to give you special assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemplative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person devoted to the contemplative life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemporary", + "coeval" + ], + "it": [ + "contemporaneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of nearly the same age as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contortionist" + ], + "it": [ + "contorsionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat able to twist into unusual positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contractor" + ], + "it": [ + "accollatario", + "aggiudicatario", + "appaltatore", + "mancipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (a person or firm) who contracts to build things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contractor" + ], + "it": [ + "contraente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a party to a contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contractor", + "declarer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bridge player in contract bridge who wins the bidding and can declare which suit is to be trumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contralto" + ], + "it": [ + "contralto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman singer having a contralto voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contributor" + ], + "it": [ + "collaboratore", + "contributore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer whose work is published in a newspaper or magazine or as part of a book" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control freak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with a compulsive desire to exert control over situations and people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convalescent" + ], + "it": [ + "convalescente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is recovering from illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member of a group whose duty it is to convene meetings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventioneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attends a convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conversationalist", + "conversationist", + "schmoozer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled at conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Converso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medieval Spain and Portugal) a Jew or Moor who professed to convert to Christianity in order to avoid persecution or expulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ], + "it": [ + "convertito", + "neofita", + "neofito", + "proselito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has been converted to another religious or political belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawyer who specializes in the business of conveying properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conveyer", + "conveyor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who conveys (carries or transmits)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convict", + "con", + "inmate", + "yard bird", + "yardbird" + ], + "it": [ + "galeotto", + "carcerato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person serving a sentence in a jail or prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convict" + ], + "it": [ + "condannato", + "galeotto", + "recluso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cook" + ], + "it": [ + "cuciniere", + "cuoca", + "cuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cooks food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chef" + ], + "it": [ + "chef", + "cuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional cook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cookie", + "cooky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cook on a ranch or at a camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooper", + "barrel maker" + ], + "it": [ + "barilaio", + "bottaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who makes or repairs wooden barrels or tubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinator" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose task is to see that work goes harmoniously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copartner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a joint partner (as in a business enterprise)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copilot", + "co-pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "copilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relief pilot on an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coppersmith" + ], + "it": [ + "calderaio", + "ramaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes articles from copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copycat", + "imitator", + "emulator", + "ape", + "aper" + ], + "it": [ + "imitatore", + "copione", + "epigono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who copies the words or behavior of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy editor", + "copyreader", + "text editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an editor who prepares text for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyist", + "scribe", + "scrivener" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivano", + "scritturale", + "amanuense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to make written copies of documents and manuscripts" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore impiegato per copiare documenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copywriter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to write advertising or publicity copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coquette", + "flirt", + "vamp", + "vamper", + "minx", + "tease", + "prickteaser" + ], + "it": [ + "civetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seductive woman who uses her sex appeal to exploit men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cordon bleu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chef famous for his great skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coreligionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone having the same religion as another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corespondent", + "co-respondent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the codefendant charged with adultery with the estranged spouse in a divorce proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornerback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defensive football player stationed outside the linebackers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornhusker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who husks corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coroner", + "medical examiner" + ], + "it": [ + "medico legale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public official who investigates by inquest any death not due to natural causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporate executive", + "business executive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executive in a business corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corporatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of corporatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspondent", + "letter writer" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates by means of letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspondent", + "newspaperman", + "newspaperwoman", + "newswriter", + "pressman" + ], + "it": [ + "gazzettiere", + "giornalista", + "pubblicista", + "redattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corsair", + "Barbary pirate" + ], + "it": [ + "corsaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pirate along the Barbary Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells or applies cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetologist" + ], + "it": [ + "visagista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in the use of cosmetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmetic surgeon", + "plastic surgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "chirurgo plastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surgeon who beautifies the body (especially the face)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan", + "cosmopolite" + ], + "it": [ + "apolide", + "cosmopolita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sophisticated person who has travelled in many countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cossack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost accountant" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzatore dei costi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the systematic recording and analysis of the costs incident to production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two actors who are given equal status as stars in a play or film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costermonger", + "barrow-man", + "barrow-boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hawker of fruit and vegetables from a barrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costumier", + "costumer", + "costume designer" + ], + "it": [ + "costumista", + "figurinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who designs or supplies costumes (as for a play or masquerade)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two or more tenants holding title to the same property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottager", + "cottage dweller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in a cottage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotter", + "cottier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval English villein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotter", + "cottar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peasant farmer in the Scottish Highlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counselor", + "counsellor" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives advice about problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counselor", + "counsellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has supervisory duties at a summer camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count" + ], + "it": [ + "conte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman (in various countries) having rank equal to a British earl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count palatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a count who exercised royal authority in his own domain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who counts things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterdemonstrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demonstrates in opposition to another demonstration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterperson", + "counterwoman", + "counterman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attends a counter (as in a diner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterrevolutionist", + "counter-revolutionist", + "counterrevolutionary" + ], + "it": [ + "controrivoluzionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a revolutionary whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by an earlier revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterterrorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attempts to prevent terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterspy", + "mole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy who works against enemy espionage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countertenor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male singer with a voice above that of a tenor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countess" + ], + "it": [ + "contessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female equivalent of a count or earl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "country doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "medico di campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor who practices in the country (rather than in a city) usually remote from a modern hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compatriot" + ], + "it": [ + "compaesano", + "compatriota", + "compatriotta", + "connazionale", + "conterraneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person from your own country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiator willing to compromise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countryman" + ], + "it": [ + "compatriota", + "compatriotta", + "connazionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man from your own country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countrywoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman from your own country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countryman", + "ruralist" + ], + "it": [ + "campagnolo", + "contadino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who lives in the country and has country ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countrywoman" + ], + "it": [ + "contadina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who lives in the country and has country ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "county agent", + "agricultural agent", + "extension agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advisor employed by the government to assist people in rural areas with methods of farming and home economics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coureur de bois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French Canadian trapper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a huntsman who hunts small animals with fast dogs that use sight rather than scent to follow their prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courtier" + ], + "it": [ + "cortigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant at the court of a sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cousin", + "first cousin", + "cousin-german", + "full cousin" + ], + "it": [ + "cugino", + "cugino di primo grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the child of your aunt or uncle" + ], + "it": [ + "il figlio di zia o zio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couturier", + "fashion designer", + "clothes designer", + "designer" + ], + "it": [ + "couturier", + "disegnatore di moda", + "modellista", + "stilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who designs clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover girl", + "pin-up", + "lovely" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very pretty girl who works as a photographer's model" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large unpleasant woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowboy", + "cowpuncher", + "puncher", + "cowman", + "cattleman", + "cowpoke", + "cowhand", + "cowherd" + ], + "it": [ + "boaro", + "bovaro", + "cappellone", + "vaccaio", + "vaccaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is reckless or irresponsible (especially in driving vehicles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowboy", + "rodeo rider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who gives exhibitions of riding and roping and bulldogging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaquero", + "buckaroo", + "buckeroo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "local names for a cowboy (`vaquero' is used especially in southwestern and central Texas and `buckaroo' is used especially in California)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowgirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman cowboy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coxcomb", + "cockscomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conceited dandy who is overly impressed by his own accomplishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coxswain", + "cox" + ], + "it": [ + "timoniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the helmsman of a ship's boat or a racing crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forest fire fighter who is sent to battle remote and severe forest fires (often for days at a time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who smuggles illegal immigrants into the United States (usually across the Mexican border)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab", + "crabby person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a quarrelsome grouch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack addict", + "binger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone addicted to crack cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programmer who cracks (gains unauthorized access to) computers, typically to do malicious things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crackpot", + "crank", + "nut", + "nut case", + "fruitcake", + "screwball" + ], + "it": [ + "mattoide", + "pazzoide", + "picchiatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a whimsically eccentric person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craftsman", + "artisan", + "journeyman", + "artificer" + ], + "it": [ + "artigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who practices some trade or handicraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craftsman", + "crafter" + ], + "it": [ + "artefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creator of great skill in the manual arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craftsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional whose work is consistently of high quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crammer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher who is paid to cram students for examinations" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnante che cura la preparazione agli esami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who crams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crapshooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who plays the game of craps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawler", + "creeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who crawls or creeps along the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crazy", + "loony", + "looney", + "nutcase", + "weirdo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone deranged and possibly dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creature", + "wight" + ], + "it": [ + "creatura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human being; `wight' is an archaic term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creature", + "tool", + "puppet" + ], + "it": [ + "burattino", + "fantoccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creditor" + ], + "it": [ + "creditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person to whom money is owed by a debtor; someone to whom an obligation exists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep", + "weirdo", + "weirdie", + "weirdy", + "spook" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tipo allucinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone unpleasantly strange or eccentric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crewman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a work crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crewman", + "crew member" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a flight crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricketer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giocatore di cricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peddler who shouts to advertise the goods he sells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminal", + "felon", + "crook", + "outlaw", + "malefactor" + ], + "it": [ + "bandolero", + "criminale", + "delinquente", + "fuorilegge", + "malvivente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in criminology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimp", + "crimper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tricks or coerces men into service as sailors or soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish American of pure European stock (usually Spanish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cripple" + ], + "it": [ + "attratto", + "sciancato", + "storpiato", + "storpio", + "stortignaccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is unable to walk normally because of an injury or disability to the legs or back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critic" + ], + "it": [ + "censore", + "critico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who frequently finds fault or makes harsh and unfair judgments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critic" + ], + "it": [ + "censore", + "critico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "critic" + ], + "it": [ + "critico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Croesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very wealthy man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crofter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an owner or tenant of a small farm in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crooner", + "balladeer" + ], + "it": [ + "cantante melodico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer of popular ballads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the House of Commons who does not vote regularly with either the government or the Opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-examiner", + "cross-questioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who questions a witness carefully (especially about testimony given earlier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossing guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps people (especially children) at a traffic crossing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossover voter", + "crossover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voter who is registered as a member of one political party but who votes in the primary of another party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croupier" + ], + "it": [ + "croupier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who collects and pays bets at a gaming table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown prince" + ], + "it": [ + "principe ereditario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male heir apparent to a throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown princess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female heir apparent to a throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown princess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a crown prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crusader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warrior who engages in a holy war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptanalyst", + "cryptographer", + "cryptologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decoder skilled in the analysis of codes and cryptograms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallographer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in crystallography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cub", + "greenhorn", + "rookie" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo", + "novellino", + "pischello", + "pivello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward and inexperienced youth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cub Scout" + ], + "it": [ + "lupetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a junior Boy Scout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cubist" + ], + "it": [ + "cubista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who adheres to the principles of cubism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckold" + ], + "it": [ + "becco", + "cornuto", + "martino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man whose wife committed adultery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuirassier" + ], + "it": [ + "corazziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cavalryman equipped with a cuirass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a religious cult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an unorthodox cult who generally lives outside of conventional society under the direction of a charismatic leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultural attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attache who is a specialist in cultural matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cunt", + "bitch" + ], + "it": [ + "cagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (usually but not necessarily a woman) who is thoroughly disliked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cupbearer" + ], + "it": [ + "coppiere", + "pincerna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the attendant (usually an officer of a nobleman's household) whose duty is to fill and serve cups of wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cowardly and despicable person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curandera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican woman who practices healing techniques inherited from the Mayans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curandero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican man who practices healing techniques inherited from the Mayans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curate", + "minister of religion", + "minister", + "parson", + "pastor", + "rector" + ], + "it": [ + "curato", + "rettore", + "ministro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person authorized to conduct religious worship" + ], + "it": [ + "persone che esercitano il ministero religioso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curator", + "conservator" + ], + "it": [ + "conservatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the custodian of a collection (as a museum or library)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curmudgeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crusty irascible cantankerous old person full of stubborn ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who curries leather for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custodian", + "keeper", + "steward" + ], + "it": [ + "custode", + "sorvegliante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one having charge of buildings or grounds or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customer", + "client" + ], + "it": [ + "avventore", + "cliente", + "committente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pays for goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customer agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foreign purchaser who buys goods outright for resale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "client" + ], + "it": [ + "assistito", + "cliente", + "mutuato", + "patrocinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in cutlery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose work is cutting (as e.g. cutting cloth for garments)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutter", + "carver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who carves the meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutthroat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who murders by cutting the victim's throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybernaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a computer user who uses the internet; someone who explores cyberspace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyberpunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of science fiction set in a lawless subculture of an oppressive society dominated by computer technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyborg", + "bionic man", + "bionic woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a human being whose body has been taken over in whole or in part by electromechanical devices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclist", + "bicyclist", + "bicycler", + "wheeler" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rides a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cymbalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer on the cymbals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cynic", + "faultfinder" + ], + "it": [ + "cinico", + "criticone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is critical of the motives of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of ancient Greek philosophers who advocated the doctrine that virtue is the only good and that the essence of virtue is self-control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytogeneticist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geneticist who specializes in the cellular components associated with heredity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cytologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies the structure and function of cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "czar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person having great power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "czar", + "tsar", + "tzar" + ], + "it": [ + "zar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "czarina", + "tsarina", + "tzarina", + "czaritza", + "tsaritsa" + ], + "it": [ + "zarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife or widow of a czar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabbler", + "dilettante", + "sciolist" + ], + "it": [ + "dilettante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dacoit", + "dakoit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an armed gang of robbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dad", + "dada", + "daddy", + "pa", + "papa", + "pappa", + "pop" + ], + "it": [ + "babbo", + "pa'", + "paparino", + "papi", + "papà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk" + ], + "it": [ + "termine informale per padre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairymaid", + "milkmaid" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who works in a dairy" + ], + "it": [ + "operaia di caseificio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairyman" + ], + "it": [ + "caciaio", + "casaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who works in a dairy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dairyman", + "dairy farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner or manager of a dairy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalai Lama", + "Grand Lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chief lama and once ruler of Tibet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dalesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lives in the dales of northern England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dallier", + "dillydallier", + "dilly-dallier", + "mope", + "lounger" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiappamosche", + "bighellone", + "chiappamosche", + "dondolone", + "fannullone", + "flâneur", + "fuggifatica", + "fuggifatiche", + "gingillino", + "gingillone", + "girandolone", + "girellone", + "scansafatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who wastes time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalmatian" + ], + "it": [ + "dalmata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Dalmatia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dame", + "doll", + "wench", + "skirt", + "chick", + "bird" + ], + "it": [ + "bambola", + "gonnella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a (young) woman" + ], + "it": [ + "termine colloquiale per indicare una attraente fanciulla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damsel", + "demoiselle", + "damoiselle", + "damosel", + "damozel" + ], + "it": [ + "damigella", + "donzella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young unmarried woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dame", + "madam", + "ma'am", + "lady", + "gentlewoman" + ], + "it": [ + "dama", + "gentildonna", + "signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman of refinement" + ], + "it": [ + "donna dai modi signorili e raffinati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancer", + "professional dancer", + "terpsichorean" + ], + "it": [ + "ballerina", + "ballerino", + "boy", + "danzatore", + "danzatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who dances professionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancer", + "social dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who participates in a social gathering arranged for dancing (as a ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does clog dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancing-master", + "dance master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional teacher of dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dancing partner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of people who dance together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandy", + "dude", + "fop", + "gallant", + "sheik", + "beau", + "swell", + "fashion plate", + "clotheshorse" + ], + "it": [ + "bellimbusto", + "cacazibetto", + "cicisbeo", + "damerino", + "dandy", + "elegantone", + "gagà", + "ganimede", + "moscardino", + "paino", + "vagheggino", + "zazzerino", + "zerbinotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is much concerned with his dress and appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daniel" + ], + "it": [ + "Daniele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wise and upright judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "danseur", + "danseur noble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male ballet dancer who is the partner of a ballerina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daredevil", + "madcap", + "hothead", + "swashbuckler", + "lunatic", + "harum-scarum" + ], + "it": [ + "esagitato", + "rompicollo", + "scalmanato", + "scavezzacollo", + "spericolato", + "temerario", + "testa calda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reckless impetuous irresponsible person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dark horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political candidate who is not well known but could win unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darling", + "favorite", + "favourite", + "pet", + "dearie", + "deary", + "ducky" + ], + "it": [ + "amore", + "beniamino", + "coccolo", + "favorita", + "prediletto", + "preferito", + "pupillo", + "tesorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who mends by darning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dart player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the game of darts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darwinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Darwinism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dastard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a despicable coward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date", + "escort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dauber" + ], + "it": [ + "imbianchino", + "imbrattatele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskilled painter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daughter", + "girl" + ], + "it": [ + "figlia", + "figliola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female human offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daughter-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "nuora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of your son" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dauphin" + ], + "it": [ + "delfino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly, the eldest son of the King of France and direct heir to the throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawdler", + "drone", + "laggard", + "lagger", + "trailer", + "poke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes more time than necessary; someone who lags behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day boarder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schoolchild at a boarding school who has meals at school but sleeps at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dayboy" + ], + "it": [ + "alunno esterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day boarder who is a boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daydreamer", + "woolgatherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who indulges in idle or absentminded daydreaming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotus-eater", + "stargazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone indifferent to the busy world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daygirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a day boarder who is a girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "day laborer", + "day labourer" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciante", + "diurnista", + "giornaliero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who works by the day; for daily wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deacon" + ], + "it": [ + "diacono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleric ranking just below a priest in Christian churches; one of the Holy Orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deacon", + "Protestant deacon" + ], + "it": [ + "diacono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Protestant layman who assists the minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaconess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman deacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dead shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dead person", + "dead soul", + "deceased person", + "deceased", + "decedent", + "departed" + ], + "it": [ + "morto", + "defunto", + "estinto", + "scomparso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is no longer alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decipherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reader capable of reading and interpreting illegible or obscure text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoder", + "decipherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the kind of intellectual who converts messages from a code to plain text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoy", + "steerer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beguiler who leads someone into danger (usually as part of a plot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deer hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunter of deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deipnosophist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled at informal chitchat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who quits school before graduation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropout" + ], + "it": [ + "emarginato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who withdraws from a social group or environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadbeat dad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a father who willfully defaults on his obligation to provide financial support for his offspring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deadhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonenterprising person who is not paying his way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaf person" + ], + "it": [ + "audioleso", + "non udente", + "sordastro", + "sordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a severe auditory impairment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealer" + ], + "it": [ + "cartaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who distributes the playing cards in a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dean" + ], + "it": [ + "decano", + "preposto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the head of the College of Cardinals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dean", + "doyen" + ], + "it": [ + "decano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is the senior member of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debaser", + "degrader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lowers the quality or character or value (as by adding cheaper metal to coins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debater", + "arguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in debate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debtor", + "debitor" + ], + "it": [ + "debitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debutante", + "deb" + ], + "it": [ + "deb", + "debuttante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman making her debut into society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decadent" + ], + "it": [ + "decadente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceiver", + "cheat", + "cheater", + "trickster", + "beguiler", + "slicker" + ], + "it": [ + "imbroglione", + "trappolone", + "truffaldino", + "turlupinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads you to believe something that is not true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deckhand", + "roustabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a ship's crew who performs manual labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorator", + "ornamentalist" + ], + "it": [ + "decoratore", + "tinteggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who decorates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-sea diver" + ], + "it": [ + "palombaro", + "sommozzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diver in the deeper parts of the sea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defamer", + "maligner", + "slanderer", + "vilifier", + "libeler", + "backbiter", + "traducer" + ], + "it": [ + "boccaccia", + "calunniatore", + "diffamatore", + "libellista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who attacks the reputation of another by slander or libel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defaulter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who forfeits a match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defaulter", + "deadbeat" + ], + "it": [ + "moroso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fails to meet a financial obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defaulter" + ], + "it": [ + "contumace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fails to make a required appearance in court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defeatist", + "negativist" + ], + "it": [ + "disfattista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is resigned to defeat without offering positive suggestions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defecator", + "voider", + "shitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who defecates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense attorney", + "defense lawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lawyer representing the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defense contractor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contractor concerned with the development and manufacture of systems of defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deist", + "freethinker" + ], + "it": [ + "deista", + "libero pensatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who believes that God created the universe and then abandoned it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who delays; to put off until later or cause to be late" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delegate" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto", + "delegato", + "deputato", + "incaricato", + "inviato", + "mandatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person appointed or elected to represent others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delinquent", + "juvenile delinquent" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "delinquente minorenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young offender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliverer" + ], + "it": [ + "ceditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives up or transfers money or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliveryman", + "delivery boy", + "deliverer" + ], + "it": [ + "fattorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to make deliveries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demagogue", + "demagog", + "rabble-rouser" + ], + "it": [ + "agitatore", + "arruffapopoli", + "capopopolo", + "demagogo", + "guidapopolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demigod", + "superman", + "Ubermensch" + ], + "it": [ + "superuomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with great powers and abilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demimondaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman whose sexual promiscuity places her outside respectable society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democrat", + "populist" + ], + "it": [ + "democratico", + "populista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of democratic principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Democrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Democratic Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demographer", + "demographist", + "population scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "demografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who studies the growth and density of populations and their vital statistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone extremely diligent or skillful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demoniac" + ], + "it": [ + "indemoniato", + "invasato", + "ossesso", + "spiritato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who acts as if possessed by a demon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrator", + "protester" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrante", + "manifestante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who participates in a public display of group feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrator", + "sales demonstrator" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demonstrates an article to a prospective buyer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher or teacher's assistant who demonstrates the principles that are being taught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denier" + ], + "it": [ + "negatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who denies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "den mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who supervises a den of Cub Scouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "den mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the role of a den mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental assistant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant to a dentist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental hygienist" + ], + "it": [ + "igienista", + "igienista dentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained to provide preventive dental service (cleaning teeth or taking x-rays)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental technician", + "denturist" + ], + "it": [ + "odontotecnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes dental appliances (bridges and dentures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dental surgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "odontoiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist qualified to perform surgical procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dentist", + "tooth doctor", + "dental practitioner" + ], + "it": [ + "dentista", + "odontoiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person qualified to practice dentistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "departer", + "leaver", + "goer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "department head" + ], + "it": [ + "capodivisione", + "caposervizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dependant", + "dependent" + ], + "it": [ + "persona a carico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who relies on another person for support (especially financial support)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depositor" + ], + "it": [ + "deponente", + "depositante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has deposited money in a bank or similar institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressive" + ], + "it": [ + "depresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone suffering psychological depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deputy", + "lieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "coadiutore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant with power to act when his superior is absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deputy", + "deputy sheriff" + ], + "it": [ + "vicesceriffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deputy", + "surrogate" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiunto", + "delegato", + "sostituto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person appointed to represent or act on behalf of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deputy" + ], + "it": [ + "deputato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the lower chamber of a legislative assembly (such as in France)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derelict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person without a home, job, or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dermatologist", + "skin doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "dermatologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dervish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ascetic Muslim monk; a member of an order noted for devotional exercises involving bodily movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descendant", + "descendent" + ], + "it": [ + "discendente", + "rampollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person considered as descended from some ancestor or race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who descends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deserter", + "defector" + ], + "it": [ + "disertore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who abandons their duty (as on a military post)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deserter", + "apostate", + "renegade", + "turncoat", + "recreant", + "ratter" + ], + "it": [ + "apostata", + "disertore", + "rinnegato", + "transfuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion or political party or friend etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designated driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member of a party who is designated to refrain from alcohol and so is sober when it is time to drive home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designated hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ballplayer who is designated to bat in place of the pitcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designer", + "intriguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who devises plots or intrigues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk clerk", + "hotel desk clerk", + "hotel clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "receptionista", + "receptionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel receptionist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military officer who is not assigned to active duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desk sergeant", + "deskman", + "station keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the police sergeant on duty in a police station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desperado", + "desperate criminal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bold outlaw (especially on the American frontier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desperate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is frightened and in need of help" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroyer", + "ruiner", + "undoer", + "waster", + "uprooter" + ], + "it": [ + "assassino", + "distruttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who destroys or ruins or lays waste to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detainee", + "political detainee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "some held in custody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detective", + "investigator", + "tec", + "police detective" + ], + "it": [ + "detective", + "investigatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police officer who investigates crimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detective" + ], + "it": [ + "detective", + "investigatore", + "investigatore privato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigator engaged or employed in obtaining information not easily available to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detractor", + "disparager", + "depreciator", + "knocker" + ], + "it": [ + "denigratore", + "detrattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who disparages or belittles the worth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deus ex machina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any active agent who appears unexpectedly to solve an insoluble difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "developer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who develops real estate (especially someone who prepares a site for residential or commercial use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviationist" + ], + "it": [ + "deviazionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ideological defector from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil's advocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes the worse side just for the sake of argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil worshiper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who worships devils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devisee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom property (especially realty) is devised by will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devisor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who devises real property in a will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who eats greedily or voraciously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diabetic" + ], + "it": [ + "diabetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has diabetes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnostician", + "pathologist" + ], + "it": [ + "diagnosta", + "diagnostico", + "patologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor who specializes in medical diagnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialectician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logician skilled in dialectic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diarist", + "diary keeper", + "journalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who keeps a diary or journal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichromat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with any of the various forms of dichromacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dick", + "gumshoe", + "hawkshaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a detective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictator", + "potentate" + ], + "it": [ + "dittatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ruler who is unconstrained by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dieter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who diets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dietician", + "dietitian", + "nutritionist" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentarista", + "dietista", + "dietologo", + "nutrizionista", + "sitologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the study of nutrition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diemaker", + "diesinker", + "die-sinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiator", + "discriminator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who (or that which) differentiates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digger" + ], + "it": [ + "scavatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who digs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimwit", + "nitwit", + "half-wit", + "doofus" + ], + "it": [ + "cretino", + "fessacchiotto", + "mamalucco", + "mammalucco", + "minchione", + "pinco", + "scioccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid incompetent person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person eating a meal (especially in a restaurant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dingbat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silly empty-headed person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dining-room attendant", + "restaurant attendant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to provide service in a dining room" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diocesan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop having jurisdiction over a diocese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomat", + "diplomatist" + ], + "it": [ + "diplomatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official engaged in international negotiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomat" + ], + "it": [ + "diplomatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who deals tactfully with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diplomate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical specialist whose competence has been certified by a diploma granted by an appropriate professional group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "director", + "manager", + "managing director" + ], + "it": [ + "amministratore", + "amministratore delegato", + "direttore", + "manager", + "gestore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who controls resources and expenditures" + ], + "it": [ + "chi dirige una azienda, compagnia o società" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "director", + "theater director", + "theatre director" + ], + "it": [ + "cineasta", + "regista", + "regista teatrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "director" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of a board of directors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Director of Central Intelligence", + "DCI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of the United States Intelligence Community and director of the Central Intelligence Agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty old man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a middle-aged man with lecherous inclinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbeliever", + "nonbeliever", + "unbeliever" + ], + "it": [ + "ateo", + "incredulo", + "miscredente", + "non credente", + "scettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who refuses to believe (as in a divinity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disciple", + "adherent" + ], + "it": [ + "adepto", + "aderente", + "affiliato", + "discepolo", + "scolaro", + "seguace", + "sostenitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes and helps to spread the doctrine of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disentangler", + "unraveler", + "unraveller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who removes tangles; someone who takes something out of a tangled state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishwasher" + ], + "it": [ + "lavapiatti", + "sguattero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who washes dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk jockey", + "disc jockey", + "dj" + ], + "it": [ + "deejey", + "disc-jockey", + "disc jockey", + "dj" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who announces and plays popular recorded music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employee of a transportation company who controls the departures of vehicles according to weather conditions and in the interest of efficient service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch rider" + ], + "it": [ + "portaordini", + "staffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a messenger who carries military dispatches (usually on a motorcycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who dispenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displaced person", + "DP", + "stateless person" + ], + "it": [ + "profugo", + "senzapatria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person forced to flee from home or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissenter", + "dissident", + "protester", + "objector", + "contestant" + ], + "it": [ + "dissidente", + "obbiettore", + "obiettore", + "dissenziente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who dissents from some established policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a troubler who interrupts or interferes with peace and quiet; someone who causes disorder and commotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political dissident" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dissenter from political orthodoxy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distiller" + ], + "it": [ + "distillatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who distills alcoholic liquors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distortionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who introduces distortions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distributor", + "distributer" + ], + "it": [ + "distributore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who markets merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "district attorney", + "DA" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official prosecutor for a judicial district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "district manager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manager who supervises the sales activity for a district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch digger", + "mud digger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who digs ditches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diver", + "plunger" + ], + "it": [ + "tuffatore", + "tuffista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who dives (into water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diver", + "frogman", + "underwater diver" + ], + "it": [ + "sommozzatore", + "uomo rana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works underwater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divergent thinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thinker who moves away from the problem as stated and often has novel ideas and solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who separates something into parts or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diviner" + ], + "it": [ + "aruspice", + "divinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who claims to discover hidden knowledge with the aid of supernatural powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divorcee", + "grass widow" + ], + "it": [ + "divorziata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a divorced woman or a woman who is separated from her husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-wife", + "ex" + ], + "it": [ + "ex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who was formerly a particular man's wife" + ], + "it": [ + "persona con cui si è troncato un rapporto amoroso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divorce lawyer" + ], + "it": [ + "divorzista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawyer specializing in actions for divorce or annulment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher at some universities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor", + "doc", + "physician", + "MD", + "Dr.", + "medico" + ], + "it": [ + "Dott.", + "Dott.ssa", + "dott.", + "dott.a", + "dottore", + "dottoressa", + "medico", + "sanitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a licensed medical practitioner" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona abilitata all'esercizio della professione medica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor", + "Dr." + ], + "it": [ + "dottore", + "dottore di ricerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds Ph.D. degree (or the equivalent) from an academic institution" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che ha frequentato un corso accademico dopo la laurea e ha discusso una tesi di dottorato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctor of the Church", + "Doctor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a title conferred on 33 saints who distinguished themselves through the orthodoxy of their theological teaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who dodders from old age and weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodger", + "fox", + "slyboots" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shifty deceptive person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodo", + "fogy", + "fogey", + "fossil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose style is out of fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog catcher" + ], + "it": [ + "accalappiacani", + "acchiappacani", + "chiappacani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a municipal pound who is hired to round up stray dogs and cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doge" + ], + "it": [ + "doge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly the chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter pilot who engages in an aerial dogfights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dog in the manger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who prevents you from enjoying something that they themselves have no need for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogmatist", + "doctrinaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stubborn person of arbitrary or arrogant opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogsbody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who has to do all the unpleasant or boring jobs that no one else wants to do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dolichocephalic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult with a long narrow head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic", + "domestic help", + "house servant" + ], + "it": [ + "domestico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto ai lavori di casa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic partner", + "significant other", + "spousal equivalent", + "spouse equivalent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (not necessarily a spouse) with whom you cohabit and share a long-term sexual relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domestic prelate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a priest who is an honorary member of the papal household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dominating woman (especially one who plays that role in a sadomasochistic sexual relationship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Dominican Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominus", + "dominie", + "domine", + "dominee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman; especially a settled minister or parson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don" + ], + "it": [ + "don" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish gentleman or nobleman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "don", + "father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of an organized crime family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Donatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don Juan" + ], + "it": [ + "dongiovanni", + "rubacuori", + "se uomo", + "tombeur de femmes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any successful womanizer (after the legendary profligate Spanish nobleman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donna" + ], + "it": [ + "donna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian woman of rank" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo di riguardo che si antepone al nome delle nobildonne o delle mogli di alte personalità dello stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donor", + "giver", + "presenter", + "bestower", + "conferrer" + ], + "it": [ + "donatore", + "donante", + "datore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who makes a gift of property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donor" + ], + "it": [ + "donatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) someone who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person (the host)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don Quixote" + ], + "it": [ + "donchisciotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any impractical idealist (after Cervantes' hero)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "don't-know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who responds `I don't know' in a public opinion poll" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorkeeper", + "doorman", + "door guard", + "hall porter", + "porter", + "gatekeeper", + "ostiary" + ], + "it": [ + "portiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who guards an entrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doorkeeper", + "ostiary", + "ostiarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lowest of the minor Holy Orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed by the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dosser", + "street person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sleeps in any convenient place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dotard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oldster in his dotage; someone whose age has impaired his intellect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double", + "image", + "look-alike" + ], + "it": [ + "sosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double agent" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy who works for two mutually antagonistic countries" + ], + "it": [ + "agente segreto che fa il doppio gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-crosser", + "double-dealer", + "two-timer", + "betrayer", + "traitor" + ], + "it": [ + "doppiogiochista", + "traditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who says one thing and does another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double dipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who draws two incomes from the government (usually by combining a salary and a pension)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubting Thomas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demands physical evidence in order to be convinced (especially when this demand is out of place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dove", + "peacenik" + ], + "it": [ + "antimilitarista", + "irenista", + "pacifista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who prefers negotiations to armed conflict in the conduct of foreign relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowager" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widow holding property received from her deceased husband" + ], + "it": [ + "vedova titolata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down-and-out" + ], + "it": [ + "relitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is destitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doyenne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is the senior member of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft dodger", + "draft evader" + ], + "it": [ + "renitente alla leva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is drafted and illegally refuses to serve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draftee", + "conscript", + "inductee" + ], + "it": [ + "coscritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is drafted into military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drafter" + ], + "it": [ + "minutante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of a draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draftsman", + "drawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist skilled at drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draftsman", + "draughtsman", + "draftsperson" + ], + "it": [ + "disegnatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who draws plans of buildings or machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interpreter and guide in the Near East; in the Ottoman Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries a translator of European languages for the Turkish and Arab authorities and most dragomans were Greek (many reached high positions in the government)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon", + "tartar" + ], + "it": [ + "dragonessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fiercely vigilant and unpleasant woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragoon" + ], + "it": [ + "dragone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a European military unit formerly composed of heavily armed cavalrymen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redcoat", + "lobsterback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British soldier; so-called because of his red coat (especially during the American Revolution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drama critic", + "theater critic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critic of theatrical performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatist", + "playwright" + ], + "it": [ + "drammaturgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in fabrics and sewing materials (and sometimes in clothing and drygoods)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawee" + ], + "it": [ + "trassato", + "trattario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person (or bank) who is expected to pay a check or draft when it is presented for payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who writes a check or draft instructing the drawee to pay someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawing card", + "draw", + "attraction", + "attractor", + "attracter" + ], + "it": [ + "attrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainer who attracts large audiences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who speaks with a drawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dreamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is dreaming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dresser", + "actor's assistant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "assistente di camerino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wardrobe assistant for an actor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dresser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who dresses in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressmaker", + "modiste", + "needlewoman", + "seamstress", + "sempstress" + ], + "it": [ + "sarta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or mends dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dressmaker's model" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who models dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dribbler", + "driveller", + "slobberer", + "drooler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who dribbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dribbler" + ], + "it": [ + "palleggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball player who is dribbling the ball to advance it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill master", + "drill instructor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer who instructs recruits in military marching and discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinker", + "imbiber", + "toper", + "juicer" + ], + "it": [ + "beone", + "bevitore", + "bevone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who drinks alcoholic beverages (especially to excess)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drinker" + ], + "it": [ + "bevitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who drinks liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driveller", + "jabberer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose talk is trivial drivel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver" + ], + "it": [ + "autista", + "conducente", + "conduttore", + "guidatore", + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operator of a motor vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "chi guida un veicolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver" + ], + "it": [ + "mazza da golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "driver" + ], + "it": [ + "conducente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropkicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football kicker who drops the ball and kicks it just as it reaches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drudge", + "peon", + "navvy", + "galley slave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who is obliged to do menial work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug addict", + "junkie", + "junky" + ], + "it": [ + "drogato", + "junkie", + "junky", + "tossico", + "tossicodipendente", + "tossicomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a narcotics addict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug baron", + "drug lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who controls an organization dealing in illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug user", + "substance abuser", + "user" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Druid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pre-Christian priest among the Celts of ancient Gaul and Britain and Ireland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum major" + ], + "it": [ + "tamburo maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a marching band or drum corps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum majorette", + "majorette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female drum major" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum majorette", + "majorette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female baton twirler who accompanies a marching band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drummer" + ], + "it": [ + "batterista", + "tamburino", + "tamburo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays a drum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is intoxicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drunk-and-disorderly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone arrested on the charge of being drunk and disorderly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drunkard", + "drunk", + "rummy", + "sot", + "inebriate", + "wino" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolizzato", + "alcoolizzato", + "avvinazzato", + "beone", + "bevone", + "sbornione", + "scolabottiglie", + "ubbriacone", + "ubriacone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chronic drinker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Druze", + "Druse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of an esoteric monotheistic religious sect living in the relative security of the mountains of Syria and Lebanon who believes that Al-hakim was an incarnation of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry", + "prohibitionist" + ], + "it": [ + "proibizionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reformer who opposes the use of intoxicating beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse who cares for but does not suckle an infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dualist" + ], + "it": [ + "dualista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of dualism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duce" + ], + "it": [ + "duce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duchess" + ], + "it": [ + "duchessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunter of ducks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer of the highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duke" + ], + "it": [ + "duca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman (in various countries) of high rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dueler", + "dueller", + "duelist", + "duellist" + ], + "it": [ + "duellante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who fights duels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman chaperon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duffer" + ], + "it": [ + "schiappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incompetent or clumsy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumbbell", + "dummy", + "dope", + "boob", + "booby", + "pinhead" + ], + "it": [ + "babbeo", + "baccalà", + "baccelletto", + "baluba", + "citrullo", + "fregnone", + "gocciolone", + "salame", + "sciocco", + "sempliciotto", + "sprovveduto", + "tontolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ignorant or foolish person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dummy", + "silent person" + ], + "it": [ + "baccalà", + "muto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does not talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunce", + "dunderhead", + "numskull", + "blockhead", + "bonehead", + "lunkhead", + "hammerhead", + "knucklehead", + "loggerhead", + "muttonhead", + "shithead", + "dumbass", + "fuckhead" + ], + "it": [ + "allocco", + "asino", + "broccolo", + "bue", + "castrone", + "ciocco", + "frescone", + "ignorante", + "rapa", + "somaro", + "testa di legno", + "testone", + "tonto", + "zuccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid person; these words are used to express a low opinion of someone's intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a basketball player who is able to make dunk shots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eater who dips food into a liquid before eating it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutch uncle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a counselor who admonishes frankly and sternly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf", + "midget", + "nanus" + ], + "it": [ + "moscerino", + "moscherino", + "nanerottolo", + "nano", + "omino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is markedly small" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyer" + ], + "it": [ + "tintore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose job is to dye cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyslectic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has dyslexia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyspeptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from indigestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamiter", + "dynamitist" + ], + "it": [ + "dinamitardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses dynamite in a revolutionary cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eager beaver", + "busy bee", + "live wire", + "sharpie", + "sharpy" + ], + "it": [ + "stacanovista", + "stachanovista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alert and energetic person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eagle Scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Boy Scout who has earned many merit badges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ear doctor", + "ear specialist", + "otologist" + ], + "it": [ + "otoiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earl" + ], + "it": [ + "conte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Earl Marshal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer of the English peerage who organizes royal processions and other ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gets up very early in the morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "early bird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who arrives early before others do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earner", + "wage earner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who earn wages in return for their labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "easterner" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of an eastern area; especially of the U.S." + ], + "it": [ + "originario della parte orientale del paese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "East-sider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of the east side of Manhattan in New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eater", + "feeder" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who consumes food for nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eavesdropper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi origlia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret listener to private conversations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eccentric", + "eccentric person", + "flake", + "oddball", + "geek" + ], + "it": [ + "eccentrico", + "matto", + "originale", + "stravagante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with an unusual or odd personality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclectic", + "eclecticist" + ], + "it": [ + "ecclettico", + "eclettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who selects according to the eclectic method" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ecologist" + ], + "it": [ + "ecologista", + "ecologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies the relation between organisms and their environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economic libertarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a libertarian who advocates maximizing individual rights and minimizing the role of the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "econometrician", + "econometrist" + ], + "it": [ + "econometrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economist who uses statistical and mathematical methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economist", + "economic expert" + ], + "it": [ + "economista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in the science of economics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "economizer", + "economiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frugal person who limits spending and avoids waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ectomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a thin body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who puts finishing edges on a garment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editor", + "editor in chief" + ], + "it": [ + "curatore", + "editore", + "redattore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subeditor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant editor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educationist", + "educationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "educatore", + "pedagogista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the theory of education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educator", + "pedagogue", + "pedagog" + ], + "it": [ + "educatore", + "formatore", + "pedagogo", + "insegnante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who educates young people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edwardian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone belonging to (or as if belonging to) the era of Edward VII" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effecter", + "effector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who brings about a result or event; one who accomplishes a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efficiency expert", + "efficiency engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in increasing the efficient use of machines and personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egalitarian", + "equalitarian" + ], + "it": [ + "egalitario", + "egualitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who believes in the equality of all people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egghead" + ], + "it": [ + "intellettuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intellectual; a very studious and academic person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egocentric", + "egoist" + ], + "it": [ + "egoista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-centered person with little regard for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egomaniac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abnormally egotistical person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egotist", + "egoist", + "swellhead" + ], + "it": [ + "egotista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conceited and self-centered person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egyptologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archeologist who specializes in Egyptology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who utters a sudden exclamation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who ejaculates semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elder", + "senior" + ], + "it": [ + "anziano", + "maggiore", + "persona più anziana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is older than you are" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various church officers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elder statesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elderly statesman whose advice is sought be government leaders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elder statesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any influential person whose advice is highly respected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eldest hand", + "elder hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the card player on the dealer's left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elected official" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official who won the office in a free election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrotecnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained in practical applications of the theory of electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrician", + "lineman", + "linesman" + ], + "it": [ + "elettricista", + "guardafili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who installs or repairs electrical or telephone lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocutioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executioner who uses electricity to kill the condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in the use of electricity to remove moles or warts or hair roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroplater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plater who uses electrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrotherapist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who specializes in the treatment of disease by electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the author of a mournful poem lamenting the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl employed to operate an elevator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator man", + "elevator boy", + "liftman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man employed to operate an elevator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elevator operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator of an elevator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elitist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes in rule by an elite group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elizabethan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elocutionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public speaker trained in voice production and gesture and delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emancipator", + "manumitter" + ], + "it": [ + "emancipatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who frees others from bondage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embalmer" + ], + "it": [ + "imbalsamatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mortician who treats corpses with preservatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embezzler", + "defalcator", + "peculator" + ], + "it": [ + "concussionario", + "malversatore", + "prevaricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who violates a trust by taking (money) for his own use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroiderer" + ], + "it": [ + "ricamatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who ornaments with needlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroideress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman embroiderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in embryology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emeritus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professor or minister who is retired from assigned duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emigrant", + "emigre", + "emigree", + "outgoer" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrante", + "emigrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leaves one country to settle in another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the boy whose upbringing was described by Jean-Jacques Rousseau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eminence grise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(French) a person who exercises power or influence in certain areas without holding an official position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emir", + "amir", + "emeer", + "ameer" + ], + "it": [ + "emiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emissary", + "envoy" + ], + "it": [ + "emissario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emotional person" + ], + "it": [ + "emotivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person subject to strong states of emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emperor" + ], + "it": [ + "imperatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male ruler of an empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empress" + ], + "it": [ + "imperatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empiricist" + ], + "it": [ + "empirista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who subscribes to empiricism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is qualified and ready to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employee" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendente", + "lavoratore dipendente", + "assunto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who is hired to perform a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employer" + ], + "it": [ + "datore di lavoro", + "padrone", + "titolare", + "datore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or firm that employs workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "employment agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who runs an employment agency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empty nester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parent whose children have grown up and left home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchanter" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaliatore", + "incantatore", + "stregone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sorcerer or magician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjurer", + "conjuror", + "conjure man" + ], + "it": [ + "mago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witch doctor who practices conjury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchantress", + "witch" + ], + "it": [ + "fattucchiera", + "maga", + "strega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female sorcerer or magician" + ], + "it": [ + "donna ammaliatrice e affascinante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchantress", + "temptress", + "siren", + "Delilah", + "femme fatale" + ], + "it": [ + "donna fatale", + "maliarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is considered to be dangerously seductive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encyclopedist", + "encyclopaedist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who compiles information for encyclopedias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy person with a soft and rounded body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enemy", + "foe", + "foeman", + "opposition" + ], + "it": [ + "nemico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energizer", + "energiser", + "vitalizer", + "vitaliser", + "animator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who imparts energy and vitality and spirit to other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man at one end of a row of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end man", + "corner man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man at one end of line of performers in a minstrel show; carries on humorous dialogue with the interlocutor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endocrinologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endodontist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist specializing in diseases of the dental pulp and nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorser", + "indorser" + ], + "it": [ + "girante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who transfers his ownership interest in something by signing a check or negotiable security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end user" + ], + "it": [ + "utente finale", + "consumatore finale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ultimate user for which something is intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfant terrible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose unconventional behavior embarrasses others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineer", + "locomotive engineer", + "railroad engineer", + "engine driver" + ], + "it": [ + "locomotorista", + "macchinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operator of a railway locomotive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "English teacher", + "English professor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engraver" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoincisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printmaker who prints from an engraved printing plate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engraver" + ], + "it": [ + "incisore", + "intagliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who can inscribe designs or writing onto a surface by carving or etching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who delights in having or using or experiencing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlisted man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male enlisted person in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlisted person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serviceman who ranks below a commissioned officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlisted woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female enlisted person in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enophile", + "oenophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who appreciates wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrollee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enrolls in (or is enrolled in) a class or course of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ENT man", + "ear-nose-and-throat doctor", + "otolaryngologist", + "otorhinolaryngologist", + "rhinolaryngologist" + ], + "it": [ + "otorino", + "otorinolaringoiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the disorders of the ear or nose or throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthusiast", + "partisan", + "partizan" + ], + "it": [ + "appassionato", + "patito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ardent and enthusiastic supporter of some person or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entomologist", + "bugologist", + "bug-hunter" + ], + "it": [ + "entomologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who enters a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrepreneur", + "enterpriser" + ], + "it": [ + "allogatore", + "imprenditore", + "impresario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "environmentalist", + "conservationist" + ], + "it": [ + "ambientalista", + "ecologista", + "naturista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works to protect the environment from destruction or pollution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an environmentalist who belongs to the Green Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envoy", + "envoy extraordinary", + "minister plenipotentiary" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro plenipotenziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat having less authority than an ambassador" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enzymologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is trained in or engaged in enzymology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eparch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the governor or prefect of an eparchy in ancient Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eparch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop or metropolitan in charge of an eparchy in the Eastern Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of the ancient Greek city of Ephesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicure", + "gourmet", + "gastronome", + "bon vivant", + "epicurean", + "foodie" + ], + "it": [ + "bongustaio", + "buongustaio", + "epicureo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epidemiologist" + ], + "it": [ + "epidemiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical scientist who studies the transmission and control of epidemic diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epigone", + "epigon" + ], + "it": [ + "epigono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inferior imitator of some distinguished writer or artist of musician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epileptic" + ], + "it": [ + "epilettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has epilepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Episcopalian" + ], + "it": [ + "episcopaliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Episcopal church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epistemologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in epistemology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equerry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal attendant of the British royal family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equerry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official charged with the care of the horses of princes or nobles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erotic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erotic person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gains access by the use of ladders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapee" + ], + "it": [ + "evaso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who escapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapist", + "dreamer", + "wishful thinker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who escapes into a world of fantasy" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che cerca di evadere dalla realtà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escapologist", + "escape expert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainer who is expert in the art of escaping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eschatologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theologian who specializes in eschatology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escort" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnatore", + "accompagnatrice", + "hostess", + "scorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who is employed to accompany someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eskimo", + "Esquimau", + "Inuit" + ], + "it": [ + "eschimese", + "esquimese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people inhabiting the Arctic (northern Canada or Greenland or Alaska or eastern Siberia); the Algonquians called them Eskimo (`eaters of raw flesh') but they call themselves the Inuit (`the people')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espionage agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to spy on another country or business competitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esquire", + "Esq" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esquire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) an attendant and shield bearer to a knight; a candidate for knighthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "essayist", + "litterateur" + ], + "it": [ + "saggista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of literary works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esthete", + "aesthete" + ], + "it": [ + "esteta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esthetician", + "aesthetician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who specializes in the nature of beauty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esthetician", + "aesthetician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker skilled in giving beauty treatments (manicures and facials etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etcher" + ], + "it": [ + "acquafortista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who etches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethicist", + "ethician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who specializes in ethics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ruler of a province (as in the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire) or certain religious rulers with secular authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a member of an ethnic group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnographer" + ], + "it": [ + "etnografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropologist who does ethnography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethnologist" + ], + "it": [ + "etnologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropologist who studies ethnology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ethologist" + ], + "it": [ + "etologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies the behavior of animals in their natural habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiologist", + "aetiologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the etiology of diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Etonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student enrolled in (or graduated from) Eton College" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymologist" + ], + "it": [ + "etimologico", + "etimologista", + "etimologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lexicographer who specializes in etymology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eunuch", + "castrate" + ], + "it": [ + "eunuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has been castrated and is incapable of reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuee" + ], + "it": [ + "sfollato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has been evacuated from a dangerous place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaluator", + "judge" + ], + "it": [ + "giudice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evangelist", + "revivalist", + "gospeler", + "gospeller" + ], + "it": [ + "evangelista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preacher of the Christian gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evangelist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(when capitalized) any of the spiritual leaders who are assumed to be authors of the Gospels in the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "event planner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plans social events as a profession (usually for government or corporate officials)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "everyman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ordinary person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evolutionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who believes in organic evolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examiner", + "inspector" + ], + "it": [ + "verificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigator who observes carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examiner", + "tester", + "quizzer" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who administers a test to determine your qualifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viceroy who governed a large province in the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop in eastern Christendom who holds a place below a patriarch but above a metropolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop in one of several Eastern Orthodox Churches in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excogitator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thinker who considers carefully and thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Excellency" + ], + "it": [ + "eccellenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title used to address dignitaries (such as ambassadors or governors); usually preceded by `Your' or `His' or `Her'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchanger", + "money changer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose business is to exchange the money of one country for that of another country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer (usually of musical works)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executioner", + "public executioner" + ], + "it": [ + "boia", + "carnefice", + "giustiziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who inflicts capital punishment in pursuit of a warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive", + "executive director" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person responsible for the administration of a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the officer second in command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secretary having administrative duties and responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executive vice president" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vice president holding executive power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executor" + ], + "it": [ + "esecutore testamentario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person appointed by a testator to carry out the terms of the will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "executrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman executor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exegete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in exegesis (especially of religious texts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibitor", + "exhibitioner", + "shower" + ], + "it": [ + "espositore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who organizes an exhibit for others to see" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibitionist", + "show-off" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who deliberately behaves in such a way as to attract attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibitionist", + "flasher" + ], + "it": [ + "esibizionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with a compulsive desire to expose the genitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exile", + "deportee" + ], + "it": [ + "esiliato", + "esule", + "proscritto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is expelled from home or country by authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exile", + "expatriate", + "expat" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrato", + "esule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "existentialist", + "existentialist philosopher", + "existential philosopher" + ], + "it": [ + "esistenzialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who emphasizes freedom of choice and personal responsibility but who regards human existence in a hostile universe as unexplainable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exodontist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist specializing in the extraction of teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exorcist", + "exorciser" + ], + "it": [ + "esorcista", + "esorcizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices exorcism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exorcist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the minor orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expert witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witness who has knowledge not normally possessed by the average person concerning the topic that he is to testify about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploiter", + "user" + ], + "it": [ + "piovra", + "sfruttatore", + "sgozzatore", + "succhione", + "succiasangue", + "succione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses something or someone selfishly or unethically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explorer", + "adventurer" + ], + "it": [ + "esploratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exporter" + ], + "it": [ + "esportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessperson who transports goods abroad (for sale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expositor", + "expounder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who explains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expressionist" + ], + "it": [ + "espressionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who is an adherent of expressionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expurgator", + "bowdlerizer", + "bowdleriser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who edits a text by removing obscene or offensive words or passages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-spouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who was formerly a spouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exterminator", + "terminator", + "eradicator" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "addetto alla disinfestazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who exterminates (especially someone whose occupation is the extermination of troublesome rodents and insects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extern", + "medical extern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extremist" + ], + "it": [ + "estremista", + "massimalista", + "oltranzista", + "ultrà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds extreme views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrovert", + "extravert" + ], + "it": [ + "estroverso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a person concerned more with practical realities than with inner thoughts and feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeful" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strikingly beautiful woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyeglass wearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who wears spectacles in order to see better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyewitness" + ], + "it": [ + "testimone oculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectator who can describe what happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fabian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Fabian Society in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabulist" + ], + "it": [ + "favolista", + "novellante", + "novellatore", + "novelliere", + "novellista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tells or invents fables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes progress easier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factotum" + ], + "it": [ + "factotum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servant employed to do a variety of jobs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faddist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who subscribes to a variety of fads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fagot", + "faggot", + "fag", + "fairy", + "nance", + "pansy", + "queen", + "queer", + "poof", + "poove", + "pouf" + ], + "it": [ + "checca", + "finocchio", + "frocio", + "culattone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offensive term for an openly homosexual man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fairy godmother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a generous benefactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fakir", + "fakeer", + "faqir", + "faquir" + ], + "it": [ + "fachiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim or Hindu mendicant monk who is regarded as a holy man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falangist", + "phalangist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish member of General Franco's political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falconer", + "hawker" + ], + "it": [ + "falconiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breeds and trains hawks and who follows the sport of falconry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsifier" + ], + "it": [ + "falsificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who falsifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person attached to the household of a high official (as a pope or bishop) who renders service in return for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "medico di famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general practitioner who treats all the family members" + ], + "it": [ + "un dottore generico assegnato dalla sanità pubblica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "family man" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man whose family is of major importance in his life" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo amante della famiglia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "famulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close attendant (as to a scholar)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan", + "buff", + "devotee", + "lover" + ], + "it": [ + "aficionado", + "ammiratore", + "fan", + "habitué", + "patito", + "amante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ardent follower and admirer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fanatic", + "fiend" + ], + "it": [ + "esaltato", + "fanatico", + "fissato", + "maniaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancier", + "enthusiast" + ], + "it": [ + "amatore", + "appassionato", + "entusiasta", + "fanatico", + "patito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person having a strong liking for something" + ], + "it": [ + "chi sostiene per passione qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancy man", + "paramour" + ], + "it": [ + "drudo", + "ganzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman's lover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a creator of fantasies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantast", + "futurist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who predicts the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a paying (taxi) passenger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who has grown up on a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmer", + "husbandman", + "granger", + "sodbuster" + ], + "it": [ + "agricoltore", + "coltivatore", + "contadino", + "fattore", + "massaio", + "rurale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who operates a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmerette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman working on a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who has grown up on a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farmhand", + "fieldhand", + "field hand", + "farm worker" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciante agricolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired hand on a farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farrier", + "horseshoer" + ], + "it": [ + "ferracavallo", + "maniscalco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shoes horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of Iranian descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascist" + ], + "it": [ + "fascista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of fascism or other right-wing authoritarian views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian fascist under Mussolini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion consultant", + "fashionmonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advises you about fashionable clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fastener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who fastens or makes fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatalist", + "determinist", + "predestinarian", + "predestinationist" + ], + "it": [ + "determinista", + "fatalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anyone who submits to the belief that they are powerless to change their destiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fat cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wealthy and privileged person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "father", + "male parent", + "begetter" + ], + "it": [ + "padre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)" + ], + "it": [ + "genitore di sesso maschile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Father", + "Padre" + ], + "it": [ + "don", + "padre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "`Father' is a term of address for priests in some churches (especially the Roman Catholic Church or the Orthodox Catholic Church); `Padre' is frequently used in the military" + ], + "it": [ + "titolo di rispetto che si dà ai religiosi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "father" + ], + "it": [ + "padre della Chiesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds an important or distinguished position in some organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "father figure", + "father surrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who takes over all the functions of the real father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "father-figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man (often a powerful or influential man) who arouses emotions usually felt for your real father and with whom you identify psychologically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "father-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "suocero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the father of your spouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatso", + "fatty", + "fat person", + "roly-poly", + "butterball" + ], + "it": [ + "baciccia", + "bolide", + "ciccione", + "grassone", + "pancione", + "panzone", + "scimmione", + "tombolo", + "trippone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rotund individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fauntleroy", + "Little Lord Fauntleroy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excessively polite and well-dressed boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fauve", + "fauvist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of French painters who followed fauvism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favorite son" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States politician favored mainly in his or her home state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs between 123 and 126 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso piuma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs 126-139 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 126 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federalist" + ], + "it": [ + "federalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of federalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a former political party in the United States that favored a strong centralized federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agricultural laborer in Arab countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellow", + "dude", + "buster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal form of address for a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a learned society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellow traveler", + "fellow traveller" + ], + "it": [ + "simpatizzante comunista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communist sympathizer (but not a member of the Communist Party)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female aristocrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is an aristocrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female offspring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who is female" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female sibling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "female child", + "girl", + "little girl" + ], + "it": [ + "bambina", + "bimba", + "femminuccia", + "ragazza", + "ragazzina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youthful female person" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona di sesso femminile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminist", + "women's rightist", + "women's liberationist", + "libber" + ], + "it": [ + "femminista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of feminism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in stolen property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fencer", + "swordsman" + ], + "it": [ + "lama", + "schermidore", + "schermitore", + "spadaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled at fencing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence-sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who won't take sides in a controversy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferryman" + ], + "it": [ + "barcaiolo", + "traghettatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who operates a ferry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetishist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who engages in fetishism (especially of a sexual nature)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feudal lord", + "seigneur", + "seignior" + ], + "it": [ + "feudatario", + "signore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man of rank in the ancient regime" + ], + "it": [ + "chi esercitava la propria autoritá su un territorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiance", + "groom-to-be" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is engaged to be married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiancee", + "bride-to-be" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is engaged to be married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiduciary" + ], + "it": [ + "fiduciario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds assets in trust for a beneficiary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fielder", + "fieldsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the cricket team that is fielding rather than batting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the baseball team that is in the field instead of at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field marshal" + ], + "it": [ + "feldmaresciallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer holding the highest rank in the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field-grade officer", + "field officer", + "FO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer holding the rank of major or lieutenant colonel or colonel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fifth columnist", + "saboteur" + ], + "it": [ + "spia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a clandestine subversive organization who tries to help a potential invader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fighter pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "pilota di caccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military or naval pilot of fighter planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file clerk", + "filing clerk", + "filer" + ], + "it": [ + "archivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk who is employed to maintain the files of an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party who files a notice with a law court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filibuster", + "filibusterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislator who gives long speeches in an effort to delay or obstruct legislation that he (or she) opposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parent who murders his own son or daughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film director", + "director" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who directs the making of a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film maker", + "filmmaker", + "film producer", + "movie maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a producer of motion pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film star", + "movie star" + ], + "it": [ + "divo del cinema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star who plays leading roles in the cinema" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finagler", + "wangler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deceiver who uses crafty misleading methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finalist" + ], + "it": [ + "finalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who reaches the final stages of a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance minister", + "minister of finance" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro delle finanze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minister responsible for state finances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financier", + "moneyman" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in large scale financial transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finder", + "discoverer", + "spotter" + ], + "it": [ + "scopritore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is the first to observe something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who comes upon something after searching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerprint expert", + "fingerprint specialist", + "fingerprint man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in identifying fingerprints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fink", + "snitch", + "snitcher", + "stoolpigeon", + "stool pigeon", + "stoolie", + "sneak", + "sneaker", + "canary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fieldworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a researcher who works in the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire chief", + "fire marshal" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "comandante dei vigili del fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a fire department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire-eater", + "fire-swallower" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiatore di fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who pretends to swallow fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire-eater", + "hothead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belligerent grouch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireman", + "firefighter", + "fire fighter", + "fire-eater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a fire department who tries to extinguish fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire marshall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who is responsible for the prevention and investigation of fires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire walker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks barefoot on burning coals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire warden", + "forest fire fighter", + "ranger" + ], + "it": [ + "guardaboschi", + "guardia forestale", + "forestale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who is responsible for managing and protecting an area of forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire watcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(during World War II in Britain) someone whose duty was to watch for fires caused by bombs dropped from the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first baseman", + "first sacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who plays first base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firstborn", + "eldest" + ], + "it": [ + "maggiore", + "primogenito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the offspring who came first in the order of birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first lady" + ], + "it": [ + "first lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a chief executive" + ], + "it": [ + "moglie di capo di stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leading woman in an art or profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first lieutenant", + "1st lieutenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marines ranking above a 2nd lieutenant and below a captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first offender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone convicted for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-nighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone habitually a spectator at the openings of theatrical productions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first-rater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is first-rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "first sergeant", + "sergeant first class" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sergeant in the Army above the rank of staff sergeant and below master sergeant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fisherman", + "fisher" + ], + "it": [ + "pescatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is catching fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishmonger", + "fishwife" + ], + "it": [ + "pescaiolo", + "pesciaiolo", + "pescivendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who fits a garment to a particular person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixer", + "influence peddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who intervenes with authorities for a person in trouble (usually using underhand or illegal methods for a fee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag captain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the captain of a flagship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who whips himself as a religious penance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is whipped or whips himself for sexual gratification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior naval officer above the rank of captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flak catcher", + "flak", + "flack catcher", + "flack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slick spokesperson who can turn any criticism to the advantage of their employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamen" + ], + "it": [ + "flamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a priest who served a particular deity in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who is a member of a detachment assigned to guard the flanks of a military formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flanker back", + "flanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a back stationed wide of the scrimmage line; used as a pass receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman in the 1920s who flaunted her unconventional conduct and dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash in the pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enjoys transient success but then fails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatfoot", + "patrolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policeman who patrols a given region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate who shares an apartment with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatterer", + "adulator" + ], + "it": [ + "adulatore", + "incensatore", + "leccatore", + "lusingatore", + "piaggiatore", + "struscione", + "ungitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses flattery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleet admiral", + "five-star admiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admiral of the highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flibbertigibbet", + "foolish woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flier", + "flyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels by air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flight crewman responsible for mechanical operation while in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight surgeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical officer specializing in aviation medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a swimmer who floats in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voter who votes illegally at different polling places in the same election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who is reassigned from job to job as needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i89999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flogger", + "scourger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a torturer who flogs or scourges (especially an official whose duty is to whip offenders)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floor leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legislator who organizes his party's strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floorwalker", + "shopwalker" + ], + "it": [ + "caporeparto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a retail store who supervises sales personnel and helps with customer problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flop", + "dud", + "washout" + ], + "it": [ + "fallito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is unsuccessful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florentine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Florence, Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "florist" + ], + "it": [ + "fioraio", + "fiorista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who grows and deals in flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young girl who carries flowers in a (wedding) procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who sells flowers in the street" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flunky", + "flunkey", + "stooge", + "yes-man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of unquestioning obedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flutist", + "flautist", + "flute player" + ], + "it": [ + "auleta", + "aulete", + "flautista", + "flauto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the flute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly-by-night" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debtor who flees to avoid paying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 112 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flyweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso mosca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs no more than 115 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foe", + "enemy" + ], + "it": [ + "nemico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does folk dances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk poet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a folk writer who composes in verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk singer", + "jongleur", + "minstrel", + "poet-singer", + "troubadour" + ], + "it": [ + "cantante folk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer of folk songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk writer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of folktales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follower" + ], + "it": [ + "seguace", + "fedele", + "adepto", + "accolito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who accepts the leadership of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follower" + ], + "it": [ + "inseguitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels behind or pursues another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fondler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a molester who touches the intimate parts of the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food faddist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who adheres briefly to different diets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food manufacturer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who manufactures food products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fool", + "sap", + "saphead", + "muggins", + "tomfool" + ], + "it": [ + "allocco", + "asino", + "babbeo", + "babbuino", + "balordo", + "bestia", + "bischero", + "castrone", + "ciuco", + "deficiente", + "fesso", + "gonzo", + "idiota", + "insensato", + "mentecatto", + "scemo", + "sciocco", + "stolto", + "stupido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lacks good judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a surveillance team who works on foot or rides as a passenger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coach of football players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football hero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football player who has achieved a reputation for success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football official" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who enforces the rules at a football game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "football player", + "footballer" + ], + "it": [ + "calciatore", + "giocatore di football americano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays American football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man employed as a servant in a large establishment (as a palace) to run errands and do chores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footpad", + "padder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highwayman who robs on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts for food and provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forebear", + "forbear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person from whom you are descended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forecaster", + "predictor", + "prognosticator", + "soothsayer" + ], + "it": [ + "preannunciatore", + "preannunziatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes predictions of the future (usually on the basis of special knowledge)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forefather", + "father", + "sire" + ], + "it": [ + "antenato", + "padre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the founder of a family" + ], + "it": [ + "chi è all'origine di una discendenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forefather" + ], + "it": [ + "antenato", + "avo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person from an earlier time who contributed to the tradition shared by some group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foremother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman ancestor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy for a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign correspondent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who sends news reports and commentary from a foreign country for publication or broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreigner", + "alien", + "noncitizen", + "outlander" + ], + "it": [ + "forestiero", + "foresto", + "straniero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreign minister", + "secretary of state" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro degli esteri", + "ministro degli affari esteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government minister for foreign relations" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro che attende ai rapporti internazionali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreigner", + "outsider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is excluded from or is not a member of a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boss" + ], + "it": [ + "boss", + "capoccia", + "capoccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who exercises control and makes decisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreman", + "chief", + "gaffer", + "honcho", + "boss" + ], + "it": [ + "capo", + "caposquadra", + "portavoce della giuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who exercises control over workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreman" + ], + "it": [ + "capo dei giurati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is foreperson of a jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreperson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presiding member of the jury and the one who speaks on their behalf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forester", + "tree farmer", + "arboriculturist" + ], + "it": [ + "arboricoltore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained in forestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forewoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman in charge of a group of workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forewoman", + "forelady" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "portavoce della giuria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is foreperson of a jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forger", + "counterfeiter" + ], + "it": [ + "contraffattore", + "falsario", + "falsificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes copies illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forger" + ], + "it": [ + "forgiatore", + "fucinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who operates a forge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortune hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seeks wealth through marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortuneteller", + "fortune teller" + ], + "it": [ + "cartomante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who foretells your personal future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forty-niner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miner who took part in the California gold rush in 1849" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forward" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccante", + "avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays the position of forward in certain games, such as basketball, soccer, or hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-brother", + "foster brother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your foster brother is a male who is not a son of your parents but who is raised by your parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-child", + "foster child", + "fosterling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who is raised by foster parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-daughter", + "foster daughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is raised as a daughter although not related by birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-father", + "foster father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a foster parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-mother", + "foster mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a foster parent and raises another's child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse who raises another woman's child as her own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-parent", + "foster parent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who acts as parent and guardian for a child in place of the child's natural parents but without legally adopting the child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-sister", + "foster sister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your foster sister is a female who is not a daughter of your parents but who is raised by your parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster-son", + "foster son" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is raised as a son although not related by birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "founder", + "beginner", + "founding father", + "father" + ], + "it": [ + "fondatore", + "iniziatore", + "padre", + "padre fondatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who founds or establishes some institution" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziatore di una istituzione, organizzazione o disciplina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Founding Father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Constitutional Convention that drafted the United States Constitution in 1787" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "founder" + ], + "it": [ + "fonditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who makes metal castings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundling", + "abandoned infant" + ], + "it": [ + "esposto", + "innocente", + "trovatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who has been abandoned and whose parents are unknown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foundress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman founder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four-minute man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has run the mile in less that 4 minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts wild birds for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mounted hunter who follows the hounds in pursuit of a fox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "framer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes a new law or plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "framer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes frames (as for pictures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francophile", + "Francophil" + ], + "it": [ + "francofilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admirer of France and everything French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francophobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hates France and everything French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franc-tireur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sharpshooter (in the French army)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franklin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landowner (14th and 15th centuries) who was free but not of noble birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraternal twin", + "dizygotic twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two twins who developed from two separate fertilized eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fratricide" + ], + "it": [ + "fratricida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who murders their brother or sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freak", + "monster", + "monstrosity", + "lusus naturae" + ], + "it": [ + "aborto", + "fenomeno da baraccone", + "mostro", + "obbrobrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or animal that is markedly unusual or deformed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free agent", + "free spirit", + "freewheeler" + ], + "it": [ + "spirito libero", + "spirito indipendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone acting freely or even irresponsibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a professional athlete who is free to sign a contract to play for any team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedman", + "freedwoman" + ], + "it": [ + "liberto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has been freed from slavery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freedom rider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of an interracial group of civil rights activists who rode buses through parts of the South in order to protest racial segregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner of a freehold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freelancer", + "freelance", + "free-lance", + "free lance", + "independent", + "self-employed person" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore autonomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer or artist who sells services to different employers without a long-term contract with any of them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free-liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gratifies physical appetites (especially for food and drink) with more than the usual freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeloader" + ], + "it": [ + "leccapiatti", + "parasita", + "parassita", + "sbafatore", + "scroccatore", + "scroccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes advantage of the generosity of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeman", + "freewoman" + ], + "it": [ + "libero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not a serf or a slave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freemason", + "Mason" + ], + "it": [ + "framassone", + "frammassone", + "massone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a widespread secret fraternal order pledged to mutual assistance and brotherly love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free trader" + ], + "it": [ + "liberista", + "liberoscambista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of unrestricted international trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a freight carrier who directs the receipt and delivery of goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches French" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshman", + "fresher" + ], + "it": [ + "matricola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a first-year undergraduate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freudian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who follows the basic theories or practices of Sigmund Freud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friar", + "mendicant" + ], + "it": [ + "frate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monk", + "monastic" + ], + "it": [ + "frate", + "monaco", + "religioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedictine" + ], + "it": [ + "benedettino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friend" + ], + "it": [ + "amico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person you know well and regard with affection and trust" + ], + "it": [ + "persona con cui si intrattengono rapporti reciproci di affetto e solidarietà" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontiersman", + "backwoodsman", + "mountain man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who lives on the frontier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontierswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who lives on the frontier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frontbencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the House of Commons who is a minister in the government or who holds an official position in an opposition party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front man", + "front", + "figurehead", + "nominal head", + "straw man", + "strawman" + ], + "it": [ + "prestanome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person used as a cover for some questionable activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front-runner", + "favorite", + "favourite" + ], + "it": [ + "favorita", + "favorito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitor thought likely to win" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frotteur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who masturbates by rubbing against another person (as in a crowd)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruiterer" + ], + "it": [ + "fruttaiolo", + "fruttivendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sells fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit grower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who grows fruit commercially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frump", + "dog" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman" + ], + "it": [ + "donnetta scialba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fry cook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cook who specializes in fried foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid despised man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuddy-duddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative who is old-fashioned or dull in attitude or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugitive", + "fugitive from justice" + ], + "it": [ + "latitante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is sought by law officers; someone trying to elude justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugitive", + "runaway", + "fleer" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggiasco", + "fuggitivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who flees from an uncongenial situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fugleman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader and organizer and spokesman (especially a political leader)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullback" + ], + "it": [ + "estremo", + "terzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the running back who plays the fullback position on the offensive team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuller" + ], + "it": [ + "follatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who fulls (cleans and thickens) freshly woven cloth for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full professor" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professor of the highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumigator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose job is to fumigate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funambulist", + "tightrope walker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat who performs on a tightrope or slack rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functional illiterate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with some ability to read and write but not enough for daily practical needs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "functionalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of functionalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundamentalist" + ], + "it": [ + "fondamentalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of fundamentalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fundraiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who solicits financial contributions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusilier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a British infantryman armed with a light flintlock musket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "futurist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theologian who believes that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (the Book of Revelation) will be fulfilled in the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadabout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a restless seeker after amusement or social companionship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gadgeteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who delights in designing or building or using gadgets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrician responsible for lighting on a movie or tv set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gagman", + "gagster", + "gagwriter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes comic material for public performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gagman", + "standup comedian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comedian who uses gags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gains (gains an advantage or gains profits)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gainer", + "weight gainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gains weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alliterative term for girl (or woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galilean", + "Galilaean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Galilee (an epithet of Jesus Christ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galley slave" + ], + "it": [ + "galeotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slave condemned to row in a galley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallows bird" + ], + "it": [ + "pendaglio da forca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who deserves to be hanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disreputable or clumsy man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanizer", + "galvaniser", + "inspirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader who stimulates and excites people to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanizer", + "galvaniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who coats iron or steel with zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who performs upon the viola da gamba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambler" + ], + "it": [ + "giocatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who wagers money on the outcome of games or sporting events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gambler", + "risk taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who risks loss or injury in the hope of gain or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamekeeper", + "game warden" + ], + "it": [ + "guardacaccia", + "guardiacaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to take care of game and wildlife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "games-master", + "games-mistress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the teacher in charge of games at a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl of impish appeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homeless girl who roams the streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gandy dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer in a railroad maintenance gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ganger" + ], + "it": [ + "caposquadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the foreman of a work gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangsta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Black English) a member of a youth gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gangster", + "mobster" + ], + "it": [ + "gangster", + "malavitoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who is a member of gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage man", + "garbageman", + "garbage collector", + "garbage carter", + "garbage hauler", + "refuse collector", + "dustman" + ], + "it": [ + "netturbino", + "spazzaturaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to collect and dispose of refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gardener", + "nurseryman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes care of a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gardener" + ], + "it": [ + "giardinaio", + "giardiniera", + "giardiniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to work in a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garmentmaker", + "garment-worker", + "garment worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garment cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts cloth etc. to measure in making garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnishee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wage earner who is served with a garnishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garroter", + "garrotter", + "strangler", + "throttler", + "choker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who kills by strangling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasbag", + "windbag" + ], + "it": [ + "fanfarone", + "parolaio", + "trombone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boring person who talks a great deal about uninteresting topics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas fitter" + ], + "it": [ + "gassista", + "operaio addetto al gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who installs and repairs gas fixtures and appliances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasman" + ], + "it": [ + "gassista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed by a gas company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gastroenterologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gatecrasher", + "crasher", + "unwelcome guest" + ], + "it": [ + "intruso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gets in (to a party) without an invitation or without paying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gatekeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who controls access to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gatherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaucho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cowboy of the South American pampas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gawker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectator who stares stupidly without intelligent awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gay man", + "shirtlifter" + ], + "it": [ + "gay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homosexual man" + ], + "it": [ + "persona omosessuale di sesso maschile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazetteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who writes for a gazette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geisha", + "geisha girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese woman trained to entertain men with conversation and singing and dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gem cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who cuts and shapes precious stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gendarme" + ], + "it": [ + "gendarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genealogist" + ], + "it": [ + "genealogista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in genealogy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genevan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Geneva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genoese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Genoa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genre painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of scenes from everyday life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carnival performer who does disgusting acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geezer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is (usually) old and/or eccentric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general", + "full general" + ], + "it": [ + "generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general officer of the highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general", + "superior general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a religious order or congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general manager" + ], + "it": [ + "direttore generale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest ranking manager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "officers in the Army or Air Force or Marines above the rank of colonel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general practitioner", + "GP" + ], + "it": [ + "medico generico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who is not a specialist but treats all illnesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generator", + "source", + "author" + ], + "it": [ + "autore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who originates or causes or initiates something" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcuno che ha dato inizio a qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geneticist" + ], + "it": [ + "genetista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who specializes in genetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progenitor", + "primogenitor" + ], + "it": [ + "capostipite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancestor in the direct line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genius", + "mastermind", + "brain", + "brainiac", + "Einstein" + ], + "it": [ + "aquila", + "cervello", + "cima", + "genio", + "ingegno", + "mente", + "mente superiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal abbreviation of `gentleman'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentleman" + ], + "it": [ + "gentiluomo", + "gentleman", + "cavaliere", + "signore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man of refinement" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo sensibile dai modi gentili e raffinati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentleman-at-arms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of 40 gentlemen who attend the British sovereign on state occasions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geographer" + ], + "it": [ + "cosmografo", + "geografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert on geography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geologist" + ], + "it": [ + "geofisico", + "geologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in geology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geomancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices geomancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometer", + "geometrician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician specializing in geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geometry teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Germanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the study of Germanic language or culture or literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerontologist", + "geriatrician" + ], + "it": [ + "geriatra", + "gerontoiatra", + "gerontologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in gerontology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geophysicist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geologist who uses physical principles to study the properties of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghostwriter", + "ghost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who gives the credit of authorship to someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant", + "goliath", + "behemoth", + "monster", + "colossus" + ], + "it": [ + "colosso", + "gigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant", + "hulk", + "heavyweight", + "whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very large person; impressive in size or qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibson girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the idealized American girl of the 1890s as pictured by C. D. Gibson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gigolo" + ], + "it": [ + "gigolo", + "magnaccia", + "mantenuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has sex with and is supported by a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gilder" + ], + "it": [ + "doratore", + "indoratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is to apply an overlay of gold or gilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gillie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young male attendant on a Scottish Highlander chief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girl", + "miss", + "missy", + "young lady", + "young woman", + "fille" + ], + "it": [ + "giovane", + "madamigella", + "ragazza", + "signorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman" + ], + "it": [ + "una giovane donna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girl" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friendly informal reference to a grown woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girl Friday" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "impiegata tuttofare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female assistant who has a range of duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girlfriend", + "girl", + "lady friend" + ], + "it": [ + "bella", + "fidanzata", + "innamorata", + "ragazza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl or young woman with whom a man is romantically involved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girlfriend" + ], + "it": [ + "amica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any female friend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girl Scout" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who is a member of the Girl Scouts" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazza (tra gli 11 e i 16 anni) che appartiene all'organizzazione degli scout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girl wonder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely talented young female person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girondist", + "Girondin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the moderate republican party that was in power during the French Revolution; the Girondists were overthrown by their more radical rivals the Jacobins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gitana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish female Gypsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gitano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish male Gypsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giver" + ], + "it": [ + "datore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who devotes himself completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladiator" + ], + "it": [ + "gladiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) a professional combatant or a captive who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glassblower" + ], + "it": [ + "vetraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in blowing bottles from molten glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass cutter", + "glass-cutter", + "glassworker", + "glazier", + "glazer" + ], + "it": [ + "vetraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts flat glass to size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass cutter", + "glass-cutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts or grinds designs on glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glassmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "vetraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gathers something in small pieces (e.g. information) slowly and carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who picks up grain left in the field by the harvesters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globetrotter", + "world traveler" + ], + "it": [ + "giramondo", + "globe-trotter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels widely and often" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glossarist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholiast who writes glosses or glossaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glutton", + "gourmand", + "gourmandizer", + "trencherman" + ], + "it": [ + "arlotto", + "avido", + "cupido", + "diluviatore", + "epulone", + "ghiottone", + "goloso", + "ingordo", + "mangione", + "pappone", + "smanioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is devoted to eating and drinking to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnostic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Gnosticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man of such superior qualities that he seems like a deity to other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gonif", + "goniff", + "ganef", + "ganof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a thief or dishonest person or scoundrel (often used as a general term of abuse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "government agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative or official of a government or administrative department of a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "G-man", + "FBI agent", + "government man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special law-enforcement agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goalkeeper", + "goalie", + "goaltender", + "netkeeper", + "netminder" + ], + "it": [ + "portiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soccer or hockey player assigned to protect the goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goat herder", + "goatherd" + ], + "it": [ + "capraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tends a flock of goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hasty eater who swallows large mouthfuls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godchild" + ], + "it": [ + "figlioccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant who is sponsored by an adult (the godparent) at baptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goddaughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female godchild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godfather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone having a relation analogous to that of a male sponsor to his godchild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godfather" + ], + "it": [ + "compare", + "padrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any man who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godmother" + ], + "it": [ + "comare", + "madrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any woman who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godparent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sponsors someone (the godchild) at baptism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "godson" + ], + "it": [ + "figlioccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male godchild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee whose duties include running errands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goffer", + "gopher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zealously energetic person (especially a salesman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gog and Magog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biblical names of the enemies of God's people who wage war against God at the end of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go-getter", + "whizz-kid", + "whiz-kid", + "ball of fire" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose career progresses rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldbeater", + "gold-beater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artisan who beats gold into gold leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldbrick", + "goof-off", + "ne'er-do-well", + "good-for-nothing", + "no-account", + "good-for-naught" + ], + "it": [ + "battifiacca", + "bighellone", + "buono a nulla", + "fannullone", + "lavativo", + "perditempo", + "scansafatiche", + "schivafatiche", + "sfacendato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idle worthless person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldbrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who performs his duties without proper care or effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold digger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who associates with or marries a rich man in order to get valuables from him through gifts or a divorce settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold miner", + "gold digger", + "gold panner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miner who digs or pans for gold in a gold field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldsmith", + "goldworker", + "gold-worker" + ], + "it": [ + "orafo", + "orefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artisan who makes jewelry and other objects out of gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Jewish folklore) an artificially created human being that is given life by supernatural means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golfer", + "golf player", + "linksman" + ], + "it": [ + "golfista", + "giocatore di golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the game of golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf pro", + "professional golfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who earns a living by playing or teaching golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf widow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife who is left alone much of the time because her husband is playing golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goliard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wandering scholar in medieval Europe; famed for intemperance and riotous behavior and the composition of satirical and ribald Latin songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gondolier", + "gondoliere" + ], + "it": [ + "gondoliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a (Venetian) boatman who propels a gondola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goner", + "toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in desperate straits; someone doomed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gongorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner of the affected elegant style of the Spanish poet Gongora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(old-fashioned slang) a good person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good guy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person who is on your side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good old boy", + "good ole boy", + "good ol' boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white male Southerner with an unpretentious convivial manner and conservative or intolerant attitudes and a strong sense of fellowship with and loyalty to other members of his peer group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good person" + ], + "it": [ + "buono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is good to other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good Samaritan" + ], + "it": [ + "samaritano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who voluntarily offers help or sympathy in times of trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goody-goody" + ], + "it": [ + "santerellino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who behaves extremely well in order to please a superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gossip", + "gossiper", + "gossipmonger", + "rumormonger", + "rumourmonger", + "newsmonger" + ], + "it": [ + "abbaiatore", + "chiacchierone", + "comare", + "gazzetta", + "gazzettino", + "lingua lunga", + "mal parlante", + "mala lingua", + "malalingua", + "maldicente", + "malparlante", + "mormoratore", + "pettegola", + "pettegolo", + "sparlatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person given to gossiping and divulging personal information about others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gossip columnist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who writes a column of gossip about celebrities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goth" + ], + "it": [ + "Goto", + "goto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Teutonic people who invaded the Roman Empire in the 3rd to 5th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gothic romancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of Gothic romances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attacker who gouges out the antagonist's eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governess" + ], + "it": [ + "governante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman entrusted with the care and supervision of a child (especially in a private home)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governor" + ], + "it": [ + "governante", + "governatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a state government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "governor general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a governor of high rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grabber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpleasant person who grabs inconsiderately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judge who assigns grades to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate nurse", + "trained nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has completed the course of study (including hospital practice) at a nurses training school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate student", + "grad student", + "postgraduate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who continues studies after graduation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain merchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who deals in food grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grammarian", + "syntactician" + ], + "it": [ + "grammatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguist who specializes in the study of grammar and syntax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandchild" + ], + "it": [ + "nipote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child of your son or daughter" + ], + "it": [ + "il figlio, la figlia del figlio o della figlia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granddaughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female grandchild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand dragon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high ranking person in the Ku Klux Klan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand duchess" + ], + "it": [ + "granduchessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a grand duke or a woman holding that rank in her own right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand duke" + ], + "it": [ + "granduca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prince who rules a territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grande dame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a middle-aged or elderly woman who is stylish and highly respected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman of highest rank in Spain or Portugal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandfather", + "gramps", + "granddad", + "grandad", + "granddaddy", + "grandpa" + ], + "it": [ + "avo", + "nonnino", + "nonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the father of your father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grand Inquisitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "director of the court of Inquisition (especially in Spain and Portugal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandma", + "grandmother", + "granny", + "grannie", + "gran", + "nan", + "nanna" + ], + "it": [ + "nonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mother of your father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandmaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player of exceptional or world class skill in chess or bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grand mufti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief mufti of a district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandparent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parent of your father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandson" + ], + "it": [ + "nipote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male grandchild" + ], + "it": [ + "il figlio del figlio o della figlia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandstander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs with an eye to the applause from spectators in the grandstand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grantee" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recipient of a grant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who grants or gives something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grantor" + ], + "it": [ + "concedente", + "conceditore", + "concessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes a grant in legal form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphic designer", + "designer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who specializes in graphic design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graphologist", + "handwriting expert" + ], + "it": [ + "grafologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in inferring character from handwriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass widower", + "divorced man" + ], + "it": [ + "divorziato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is divorced from (or separated from) his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravedigger" + ], + "it": [ + "becchino", + "necroforo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who earns a living by digging graves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graverobber", + "ghoul", + "body snatcher" + ], + "it": [ + "sciacallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes bodies from graves and sells them for anatomical dissection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graverobber" + ], + "it": [ + "tombarolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who steals valuables from graves or crypts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pregnant woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grazier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rancher who grazes cattle or sheep for market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has achieved distinction and honor in some field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great-aunt", + "grandaunt" + ], + "it": [ + "prozia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aunt of your father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grandchild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child of your grandson or granddaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great granddaughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daughter of your grandson or granddaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grandmother" + ], + "it": [ + "bisnonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mother of your grandparent" + ], + "it": [ + "madre di un nonno o nonna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grandfather" + ], + "it": [ + "bisnonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a father of your grandparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grandparent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a parent of your grandparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great grandson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a son of your grandson or granddaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great-nephew", + "grandnephew" + ], + "it": [ + "bisnipote", + "pronipote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a son of your niece or nephew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great-niece", + "grandniece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daughter of your niece or nephew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great-uncle", + "granduncle" + ], + "it": [ + "protio", + "prozio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an uncle of your father or mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grecian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or resident of Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green Beret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who is a member of the United States Army Special Forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greengrocer" + ], + "it": [ + "erbaiolo", + "erbivendolo", + "fruttivendolo", + "ortolano", + "verduraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a grocer who sells fresh fruits and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenskeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone responsible for the maintenance of a golf course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grenadier", + "grenade thrower" + ], + "it": [ + "granatiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infantryman equipped with grenades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greeter", + "saluter", + "welcomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who greets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gringo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who grins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storyteller in West Africa; perpetuates the oral traditions of a family or village" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worker who moves the camera around while a film or television show is being made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groaner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who groans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocer" + ], + "it": [ + "salsamentario", + "speziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail merchant who sells foodstuffs (and some household supplies)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grocery boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a delivery boy for groceries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groom", + "bridegroom" + ], + "it": [ + "sposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has recently been married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groom", + "bridegroom" + ], + "it": [ + "sposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man participant in his own marriage ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groomsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male attendant of the bridegroom at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouch", + "grump", + "crank", + "churl", + "crosspatch" + ], + "it": [ + "neurastenico", + "nevrastenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad-tempered person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in Elizabethan theater: a playgoer in the cheap standing section" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundsman", + "groundskeeper", + "groundkeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who maintains the grounds (of an estate or park or athletic field)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group captain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer (especially one in the Royal Air Force) equivalent in rank to a colonel in the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groupie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enthusiastic young fan (especially a young woman who follows rock groups around)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "growler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker whose voice sounds like a growl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskilled or low-ranking soldier or other worker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who grunts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantor", + "surety", + "warrantor", + "warranter" + ], + "it": [ + "avallante", + "fideiussore", + "garante", + "mallevadore", + "mallevatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who provides a warrant or guarantee to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays that position on a football team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prison guard", + "jailer", + "jailor", + "gaoler", + "screw", + "turnkey" + ], + "it": [ + "aguzzino", + "carceriere", + "secondino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who guards prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who keeps watch over something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays the position of guard on a basketball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guardsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who is a member of a unit called `the guard' or `guards'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guerrilla", + "guerilla", + "irregular", + "insurgent" + ], + "it": [ + "guerrigliero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an irregular armed force that fights a stronger force by sabotage and harassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guesser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who guesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guest", + "invitee" + ], + "it": [ + "invitato", + "ospite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a visitor to whom hospitality is extended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guest" + ], + "it": [ + "cliente", + "ospite", + "pensionante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customer of a hotel or restaurant etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guest of honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in whose honor a gathering is held" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guest worker", + "guestworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with temporary permission to work in another country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide" + ], + "it": [ + "guida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shows the way by leading or advising" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che funge da punto di riferimento e dà consigli agli altri sulla via da seguire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guitarist", + "guitar player" + ], + "it": [ + "chitarrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the guitar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulper", + "guzzler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinker who swallows large amounts greedily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunman", + "gunslinger", + "hired gun", + "gun", + "gun for hire", + "triggerman", + "hit man", + "hitman", + "torpedo", + "shooter" + ], + "it": [ + "killer", + "pistolero", + "sicario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional killer who uses a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunnery sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer ranking above a staff sergeant in the marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunrunner", + "arms-runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smuggler of guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunsmith" + ], + "it": [ + "armaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu or Buddhist religious leader and spiritual teacher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recognized leader in some field or of some movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "each of the first ten leaders of the Sikh religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who guts things (fish or buildings or cars etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guvnor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(British slang) boss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guzzler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drinks heavily (especially alcoholic beverages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guy", + "cat", + "hombre", + "bozo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a youth or man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnast" + ], + "it": [ + "ginnasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who is skilled in gymnastics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnosophist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of a Hindu sect practicing gymnosophy (especially nudism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gym rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spends all leisure time playing sports or working out in a gymnasium or health spa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynecologist", + "gynaecologist", + "woman's doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "ginecologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in gynecology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gypsy", + "Gipsy", + "Romany", + "Rommany", + "Romani", + "Roma", + "Bohemian" + ], + "it": [ + "zingaresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people with dark skin and hair who speak Romany and who traditionally live by seasonal work and fortunetelling; they are believed to have originated in northern India but now are living on all continents (but mostly in Europe, North Africa, and North America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "drudge", + "hacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who works hard at boring tasks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "hack writer", + "literary hack" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrattacarte", + "imbrattafogli", + "pennaiolo", + "scombiccheratore", + "scribacchino", + "scrittorucolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mediocre and disdained writer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programmer for whom computing is its own reward; may enjoy the challenge of breaking into other computers but does no harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays golf poorly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hacker", + "cyber-terrorist", + "cyberpunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a programmer who breaks into computer systems in order to steal or change or destroy information as a form of cyber-terrorism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hag", + "beldam", + "beldame", + "witch", + "crone" + ], + "it": [ + "Befana", + "megera", + "strega", + "vecchiaccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ugly evil-looking old woman" + ], + "it": [ + "una brutta vecchia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haggler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intense bargainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hagiographer", + "hagiographist", + "hagiologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the author of a worshipful or idealizing biography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairdresser", + "hairstylist", + "stylist", + "styler" + ], + "it": [ + "acconciatore", + "acconciatrice", + "parrucchiere", + "pettinatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts or beautifies hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairsplitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputant who makes unreasonably fine distinctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hajji", + "hadji", + "haji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Arabic term of respect for someone who has made the pilgrimage to Mecca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hajji" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general term used by foreign soldiers to refer to the Iraqi people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hakim", + "hakeem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim physician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hakim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim ruler or governor or judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hakka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people of southeastern China (especially Hong Kong, Canton, and Taiwan) who migrated from the north in the 12th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halberdier" + ], + "it": [ + "alabardiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guard who carries a halberd (as a symbol of his duty)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halfback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the running back who plays the offensive halfback position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of siblings who have only one parent in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-caste" + ], + "it": [ + "meticcio", + "mulatto", + "sangue misto", + "sanguemisto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for the offspring of parents of different races or cultures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-breed" + ], + "it": [ + "meticcio", + "mezzo sangue", + "mezzosangue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for an offspring of parents of different races (especially of Caucasian and American Indian ancestry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fathead", + "goof", + "goofball", + "bozo", + "jackass", + "goose", + "cuckoo", + "twat", + "zany" + ], + "it": [ + "zanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a stupid incompetent fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham", + "ham actor" + ], + "it": [ + "gigione", + "guitto", + "istrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskilled actor who overacts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a licensed amateur radio operator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) son of Noah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the minister of the Persian emperor who hated the Jews and was hanged for plotting to massacre them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the crew of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who handles something or someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicapped person" + ], + "it": [ + "handicappato", + "disabile", + "diverso", + "andicappato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has some condition that markedly restricts their ability to function physically or mentally or socially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animal trainer", + "handler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who trains or exhibits animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handmaid", + "handmaiden" + ], + "it": [ + "ancella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal maid or female attendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handyman", + "jack of all trades", + "odd-job man" + ], + "it": [ + "factotum", + "tutto fare", + "tuttofare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man skilled in various odd jobs and other small tasks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who hangs something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang glider" + ], + "it": [ + "deltaplanista", + "deltista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rider of a hang glider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hangman" + ], + "it": [ + "boia", + "carnefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executioner who hangs the condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haranguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public speaker who delivers a loud or forceful or angry speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanoverian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the British rulers who were members of the House of Hanover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harasser", + "harrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent attacker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hardliner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative who is uncompromising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harlequin" + ], + "it": [ + "arlecchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clown or buffoon (after the Harlequin character in the commedia dell'arte)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonizer", + "harmoniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mediator who brings one thing into harmonious agreement with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonizer", + "harmoniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who sings or plays in harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpist", + "harper" + ], + "it": [ + "arpista", + "arpeggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the harp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpooner", + "harpooneer" + ], + "it": [ + "fiocinatore", + "fiociniere", + "fiocinino", + "ramponiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who launches harpoons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpsichordist" + ], + "it": [ + "cembalista", + "clavicembalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the harpsichord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harasser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent tormentor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harridan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scolding (even vicious) old woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvester", + "reaper" + ], + "it": [ + "mietitore", + "segatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps to gather the harvest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "has-been", + "back-number" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is no longer popular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hash head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a user of hashish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hasid", + "Hassid", + "Chasid", + "Chassid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Jewish sect that observes a form of strict Orthodox Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchet man", + "enforcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose job it is to execute unpleasant tasks for a superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatchet man", + "iceman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional killer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatemonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who arouses hatred for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatmaker", + "hatter", + "milliner", + "modiste" + ], + "it": [ + "cappellaio", + "crestaia", + "modista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes and sells hats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hauler", + "haulier" + ], + "it": [ + "autotrasportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a haulage contractor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk", + "war hawk" + ], + "it": [ + "falco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of an aggressive policy on foreign relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a user of (usually soft) drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head", + "chief", + "top dog" + ], + "it": [ + "capo", + "comandante", + "responsabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is in charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual person" + ], + "it": [ + "individuo, persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headhunter", + "head-shrinker" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciatore di teste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a savage who cuts off and preserves the heads of enemies as trophies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headhunter" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciatore di teste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recruiter of personnel (especially for corporations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headliner", + "star" + ], + "it": [ + "big", + "divo", + "star", + "vedette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who receives prominent billing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head linesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football official in charge of recording yardage gained or lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headman", + "tribal chief", + "chieftain", + "chief" + ], + "it": [ + "capo tribù", + "capotribù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a tribe or clan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headmaster", + "schoolmaster", + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "preside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "presiding officer of a school" + ], + "it": [ + "il funzionario responsabile di una scuola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headmistress" + ], + "it": [ + "direttrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman headmaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in charge of nursing in a medical institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head of household" + ], + "it": [ + "capofamiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a household or family or tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head of state", + "chief of state" + ], + "it": [ + "capo di stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headsman", + "headman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executioner who beheads the condemned person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "health professional", + "primary care provider", + "PCP", + "health care provider", + "caregiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who helps in identifying or preventing or treating illness or disability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearer", + "listener", + "auditor", + "attender" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltatore", + "uditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who listens attentively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose mental imagery is auditory rather than visual or motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose prevailing mental imagery takes the form of inner feelings of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hearing examiner", + "hearing officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official appointed by a government agency to conduct an investigation or administrative hearing so that the agency can exercise its statutory powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartbreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a charming person who is irresponsible in emotional relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartthrob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an object of infatuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heathen", + "pagan", + "gentile", + "infidel" + ], + "it": [ + "infedele", + "pagano", + "gentile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does not acknowledge your god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paynim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heathen; a person who is not a Christian (especially a Muslim)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who heaves freight or bulk goods (especially at a dockyard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an influential person who works hard to promote the causes they are interested in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs more than 190 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who weighs more than 214 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 201 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heavy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who plays villainous roles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebraist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "linguist specializing in the Hebrew language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heckler", + "badgerer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to embarrass you with gibes and questions and objections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gardener who takes care of and trims hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who counterbalances one transaction (as a bet) against another in order to protect against loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedger", + "equivocator", + "tergiversator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a respondent who avoids giving a clear direct answer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedonist", + "pagan", + "pleasure seeker" + ], + "it": [ + "edonista", + "gaudente", + "viveur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone motivated by desires for sensual pleasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hegelian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of the thought of Hegel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heidelberg man", + "Homo heidelbergensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of primitive man who lived in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heir", + "inheritor", + "heritor" + ], + "it": [ + "erede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is entitled by law or by the terms of a will to inherit the estate of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heir apparent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an heir whose right to an inheritance cannot be defeated if that person outlives the ancestor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heir-at-law" + ], + "it": [ + "legittimario", + "riservatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person legally entitled to inherit the property of someone who dies intestate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heiress", + "inheritress", + "inheritrix" + ], + "it": [ + "ereditiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female heir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heir presumptive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who expects to inherit but whose right can be defeated by the birth of a nearer relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellion", + "heller", + "devil" + ], + "it": [ + "casinaro", + "casinista", + "piantagrane", + "satanasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rowdy or mischievous person (usually a young man)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellhound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very evil man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hell-kite", + "hell-rooster", + "gamecock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a very fierce fighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helmsman", + "steersman", + "steerer" + ], + "it": [ + "nocchiere", + "nocchiero", + "timoniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who steers a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hierarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds a high position in a hierarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newly hired employee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hired help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employee hired for domestic or farm work (often used in the singular to refer to several employees collectively)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anatomist who specializes in the microscopic study of animal tissues" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helpmate", + "helpmeet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a helpful partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hematologist", + "haematologist" + ], + "it": [ + "ematologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemiplegic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has hemiplegia (is paralyzed on one side of the body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemophiliac", + "haemophiliac", + "bleeder", + "hemophile", + "haemophile" + ], + "it": [ + "emofiliaco", + "emofilico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has hemophilia and is subject to uncontrollable bleeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herald", + "trumpeter" + ], + "it": [ + "araldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formal) a person who announces important news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herbalist", + "herb doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "erbolato", + "erborista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who heals by the use of herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herder", + "herdsman", + "drover" + ], + "it": [ + "boaro", + "bovaro", + "mandriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives a herd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heretic", + "misbeliever", + "religious outcast" + ], + "it": [ + "eretico", + "miscredente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds religious beliefs in conflict with the dogma of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heretic" + ], + "it": [ + "eretico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds unorthodox opinions in any field (not merely religion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermaphrodite", + "intersex", + "gynandromorph", + "androgyne", + "epicene", + "epicene person" + ], + "it": [ + "androgino", + "ermafrodita", + "ermafrodito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one having both male and female sexual characteristics and organs; at birth an unambiguous assignment of male or female cannot be made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hermit", + "recluse", + "solitary", + "solitudinarian", + "troglodyte" + ], + "it": [ + "certosino", + "eremita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who lives in solitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herpetologist" + ], + "it": [ + "erpetologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies reptiles and amphibians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protagonist", + "agonist" + ], + "it": [ + "protagonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal character in a work of fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antihero" + ], + "it": [ + "antieroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protagonist who lacks the characteristics that would make him a hero (or her a heroine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(classical mythology) a being of great strength and courage celebrated for bold exploits; often the offspring of a mortal and a god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroine" + ], + "it": [ + "eroina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main good female character in a work of fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroine" + ], + "it": [ + "eroina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman possessing heroic qualities or a woman who has performed heroic deeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heroin addict" + ], + "it": [ + "eroinomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone addicted to heroin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hero worshiper", + "hero worshipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who worships heroes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German man; used before the name as a title equivalent to Mr in English" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterosexual", + "heterosexual person", + "straight person", + "straight" + ], + "it": [ + "eterosessuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heterosexual person; someone having a sexual orientation to persons of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hewer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highbinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a corrupt politician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highbrow" + ], + "it": [ + "intellettuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of intellectual or erudite tastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high commissioner" + ], + "it": [ + "alto commissario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior diplomat from one country to another who is assigned ambassadorial rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highflier", + "highflyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of great ability and ambition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Highlander", + "Scottish Highlander", + "Highland Scot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of the Highlands of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Highlander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in a Scottish regiment from the Highlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-muck-a-muck", + "pooh-bah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrogant or conceited person of importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Highness" + ], + "it": [ + "altezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Your Highness or His Highness or Her Highness) title used to address a royal person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high priest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a preeminent authority or major proponent of a movement or doctrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who wagers large sums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highjacker", + "highwayman", + "hijacker", + "road agent" + ], + "it": [ + "grassatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holdup man who stops a vehicle and steals from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highjacker", + "hijacker" + ], + "it": [ + "dirottatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses force to take over a vehicle (especially an airplane) in order to reach an alternative destination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highway engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil engineer who specializes in the design and construction of roads and highways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiker", + "tramp", + "tramper" + ], + "it": [ + "escursionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foot traveler; someone who goes on an extended walk (for pleasure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hillbilly", + "bushwhacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disparaging term for an unsophisticated person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hippie", + "hippy", + "hipster", + "flower child" + ], + "it": [ + "capellone", + "contestatore", + "hippy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rejects the established culture; advocates extreme liberalism in politics and lifestyle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hired hand", + "hand", + "hired man" + ], + "it": [ + "bracciante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired laborer on a farm or ranch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hireling", + "pensionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who works only for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hisser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates disapproval by hissing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "historian", + "historiographer" + ], + "it": [ + "storico", + "storiografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che studia la storia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitchhiker" + ], + "it": [ + "autostoppista", + "hitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who travels by getting free rides from passing vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitter", + "striker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hittite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient people who inhabited Anatolia and northern Syria about 2000 to 1200 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoarder" + ], + "it": [ + "accaparratore", + "incettatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who accumulates things and hides them away for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbledehoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward bad-mannered adolescent boy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbler", + "limper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has a limp and walks with a hobbling gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobbyist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pursues an activity in their spare time for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coach of hockey players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hockey player", + "ice-hockey player" + ], + "it": [ + "hockeista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hod carrier", + "hodman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who carries supplies to masons or bricklayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog", + "pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person regarded as greedy and pig-like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator of a hoist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holder", + "bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who is in possession of a check or note or bond or document of title that is endorsed to him or to whoever holds it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holder" + ], + "it": [ + "detentore", + "intestatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holdout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiator who hopes to gain concessions by refusing to come to terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holdover", + "hangover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who remains in office after his term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holdup man", + "stickup man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an armed thief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a religion that expresses ecstatic fervor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Emperor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sovereign of the Holy Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male friend from your neighborhood or hometown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow male member of a youth gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homebuilder", + "home-builder", + "housebuilder", + "house-builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who builds houses as a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home buyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone buying a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homegirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow female member of a youth gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person hired to help in another's home (especially one employed by a local authority to help the infirm with domestic work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeless", + "homeless person" + ], + "it": [ + "homeless", + "senzacasa", + "senzatetto", + "senza fissa dimora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone unfortunate without housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeopath", + "homoeopath" + ], + "it": [ + "omeopata", + "omeopatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner of homeopathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homeowner", + "householder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who owns a home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Home Secretary", + "Secretary of State for the Home Department" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro degli interni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British cabinet minister who is head of the Home Office" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro che si occupa principalmente della sicurezza pubblica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homophobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hates or fears homosexual people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homosexual", + "homophile", + "homo", + "gay" + ], + "it": [ + "omosessuale", + "omosex", + "diverso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices homosexuality; having a sexual attraction to persons of the same sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tiny fully formed individual that (according to the discredited theory of preformation) is supposed to be present in the sperm cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honest woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife who has married a man with whom she has been living for some time (especially if she is pregnant at the time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who causes his car's horn to make a loud honking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honoree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recipient of honors in recognition of noteworthy accomplishments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor guard", + "guard of honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an escort for a distinguished guest or for the casket at a military funeral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood", + "hoodlum", + "goon", + "punk", + "thug", + "tough", + "toughie", + "strong-armer" + ], + "it": [ + "giovinastro", + "teppista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive and violent young criminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner of voodoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoofer", + "stepper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional dancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(rugby) the player in the middle of the front row of the scrum who tries to capture the ball with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golfer whose shots typically curve left (for right-handed golfers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooray Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lively and ineffectual upper-class young man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope" + ], + "it": [ + "speranza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (or something) on which expectations are centered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays a horn (especially a French horn)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse doctor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a veterinarian who treats horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseman", + "horse fancier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breeds and cares for horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseman", + "equestrian", + "horseback rider" + ], + "it": [ + "cavaliere", + "cavallerizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man skilled in equitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse trader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hard bargainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsewoman" + ], + "it": [ + "amazzone", + "cavallerizza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman horseman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse wrangler", + "wrangler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cowboy who takes care of the saddle horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horticulturist", + "plantsman" + ], + "it": [ + "orticoltore", + "orticultore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in the science of cultivating plants (fruit or flowers or vegetables or ornamental plants)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hosier" + ], + "it": [ + "calzettaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tradesman who sells hosiery and (in England) knitwear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospital chaplain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chaplain in a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host", + "innkeeper", + "boniface" + ], + "it": [ + "locandiere", + "oste", + "ostessa", + "ostiere", + "ostiero", + "taverniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner or manager of an inn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hosteller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who lodges in hostels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostess" + ], + "it": [ + "locandiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman innkeeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host" + ], + "it": [ + "anfitrione", + "ospite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) recipient of transplanted tissue or organ from a donor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hostage", + "surety" + ], + "it": [ + "gaggio", + "ostaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prisoner who is held by one party to insure that another party will meet specified terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotdog", + "hot dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs dangerous stunts to attract attention to himself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotel detective", + "house detective", + "house dick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private detective employed by a hotel or retail store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotelier", + "hotelkeeper", + "hotel manager", + "hotelman", + "hosteller" + ], + "it": [ + "albergatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an owner or manager of hotels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hotspur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rash or impetuous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housebreaker", + "cat burglar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a burglar who unlawfully breaks into and enters another person's house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housefather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man in charge of children in an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house guest", + "houseguest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guest entertained in your house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house husband", + "househusband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a husband who keeps house while his wife earns the family income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housekeeper" + ], + "it": [ + "governante", + "guardarobiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servant who is employed to perform domestic task in a household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housemaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teacher in charge of a school boardinghouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housemate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who resides in the same house with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housemother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman employed as a chaperon in a residence for young people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house painter" + ], + "it": [ + "imbianchino", + "pittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of houses a similar buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house physician", + "resident", + "resident physician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician (especially an intern) who lives in a hospital and cares for hospitalized patients under the supervision of the medical staff of the hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a custodian who lives in and cares for a house while the regular occupant is away (usually without an exchange of money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housewife", + "homemaker", + "lady of the house", + "woman of the house" + ], + "it": [ + "casalinga", + "massaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife who manages a household while her husband earns the family income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housewrecker", + "housebreaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrecker of houses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housing commissioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioner in charge of public housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houyhnhnm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a race of intelligent horses who ruled the Yahoos in a novel by Jonathan Swift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huayna Capac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Incan ruler under whom the Incan empire reached its widest extent (died in 1525)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckster", + "cheap-jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seller of shoddy goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huckster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who writes radio or tv advertisements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who crouches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a huddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huguenot" + ], + "it": [ + "ugonotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French Calvinist of the 16th or 17th centuries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanist" + ], + "it": [ + "umanista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a classical scholar or student of the liberal arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanist", + "humanitarian" + ], + "it": [ + "umanista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of the principles of humanism; someone concerned with the interests and welfare of humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanitarian", + "do-gooder", + "improver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone devoted to the promotion of human welfare and to social reforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hummer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer who produces a tune without opening the lips or forming words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humorist", + "humourist" + ], + "it": [ + "umorista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who acts speaks or writes in an amusing way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humpback", + "hunchback", + "crookback" + ], + "it": [ + "gobbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose back is hunched because of abnormal curvature of the upper spine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hun" + ], + "it": [ + "Unno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a nomadic people who invaded Europe in the 4th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger marcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unemployed person who participates in a hunger march" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-built sexually attractive man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunted person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is hunted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunter", + "huntsman" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunter-gatherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a hunting and gathering society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunting guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide to people hunting in unfamiliar territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huntress" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciatrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who searches for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurdler" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who runs the hurdles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "husband", + "hubby", + "married man" + ], + "it": [ + "ammogliato", + "maritino", + "marito", + "sposo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a married man; a woman's partner in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ex-husband", + "ex" + ], + "it": [ + "ex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who was formerly a certain woman's husband" + ], + "it": [ + "persona con cui si è troncato un rapporto amoroso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hussar" + ], + "it": [ + "ussaro", + "ussero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a European light cavalry unit; renowned for elegant dress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hussite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of the religious reforms of John Huss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustler", + "wheeler dealer", + "operator" + ], + "it": [ + "intrigante", + "faccendiere", + "intrallazzatore", + "mestatore", + "maneggione", + "trafficone", + "armeggione", + "traffichino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrewd or unscrupulous person who knows how to circumvent difficulties" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che svolge attività oscure e ordisce intrighi per il proprio tornaconto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geologist skilled in hydrology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydromancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices hydromancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygienist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical specialist in hygiene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperope" + ], + "it": [ + "ipermetrope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with hyperopia; a farsighted person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertensive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has abnormally high blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnotist", + "hypnotizer", + "hypnotiser", + "mesmerist", + "mesmerizer" + ], + "it": [ + "ipnotizzatore", + "magnetizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who induces hypnosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypochondriac" + ], + "it": [ + "ipocondriaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patient with imaginary symptoms and ailments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypocrite", + "dissembler", + "dissimulator", + "phony", + "phoney", + "pretender" + ], + "it": [ + "chietino", + "dissimulatore", + "fariseo", + "finto", + "ipocrita", + "simulatore", + "tartufo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who professes beliefs and opinions that he or she does not hold in order to conceal his or her real feelings or motives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypotensive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has abnormally low blood pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from hysteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iberian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the Iberian Peninsula (especially in ancient times)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iberian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Iberia in the Caucasus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iceman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts and delivers ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-skater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in ice skating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ichthyologist" + ], + "it": [ + "ittiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies fishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconoclast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attacks cherished ideas or traditional institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iconoclast", + "image breaker" + ], + "it": [ + "iconoclasta", + "iconoclaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a destroyer of images used in religious worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealist", + "dreamer" + ], + "it": [ + "idealista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone guided more by ideals than by practical considerations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identical twin", + "monozygotic twin", + "monozygous twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two twins developed from the same fertilized ovum (having the same genetic material)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideologist", + "ideologue" + ], + "it": [ + "ideologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of some ideology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiot", + "imbecile", + "cretin", + "moron", + "changeling", + "half-wit", + "retard" + ], + "it": [ + "babbeo", + "bischero", + "citrullo", + "cretino", + "deficiente", + "ebete", + "fesso", + "gnocco", + "idiota", + "imbecille", + "mamalucco", + "mammalucco", + "mentecatto", + "microcefalo", + "scimunito", + "sciocco", + "stupido", + "tonto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of subnormal intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idiot savant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who is mentally retarded in general but who displays remarkable aptitude in some limited field (usually involving memory)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idler", + "loafer", + "do-nothing", + "layabout", + "bum" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiappamosche", + "bighellone", + "ciondolone", + "fannullone", + "infingardo", + "michelaccio", + "ozioso", + "pelandrone", + "perdigiorno", + "perditempo", + "poltrone", + "poltroniere", + "poltroniero", + "scansafatiche", + "scioperato", + "sfaccendato", + "sfaticato", + "vagabondo", + "vitellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who does no work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idol", + "matinee idol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is adored blindly and excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolater", + "idolizer", + "idoliser", + "idol worshiper" + ], + "it": [ + "idolatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who worships idols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolatress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman idolater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolizer", + "idoliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lover blind with admiration and devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignoramus", + "know nothing", + "uneducated person" + ], + "it": [ + "ignorante", + "illetterato", + "incolto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ignorant person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illiterate", + "illiterate person", + "nonreader" + ], + "it": [ + "analfabeta", + "illetterato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person unable to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imam", + "imaum" + ], + "it": [ + "imam", + "iman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque; for Shiites an imam is a recognized authority on Islamic theology and law and a spiritual guide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigrant" + ], + "it": [ + "immigrante", + "immigrato", + "trapiantato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immortal" + ], + "it": [ + "immortale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (such as an author) of enduring fame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is immune to a particular infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunologist" + ], + "it": [ + "immunologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical scientist who specializes in immunology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imp", + "scamp", + "monkey", + "rascal", + "rapscallion", + "scalawag", + "scallywag" + ], + "it": [ + "birba", + "birbante", + "birbone", + "biricchino", + "birichino", + "bricconcello", + "briccone", + "buona lana", + "buonalana", + "delinquente", + "diavoletto", + "diavolino", + "discolo", + "fellone", + "folletto", + "furfante", + "giamburrasca", + "malandrino", + "manigoldo", + "mascalzone", + "monello", + "ribaldo", + "sbarazzino", + "topolino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is playfully mischievous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imperialist" + ], + "it": [ + "imperialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in imperialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impersonator", + "imitator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import", + "importee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imported person brought from a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "important person", + "influential person", + "personage" + ], + "it": [ + "grande", + "maggiorente", + "potente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose actions and opinions strongly influence the course of events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importer" + ], + "it": [ + "importatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose business involves importing goods from outside (especially from a foreign country)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imposter", + "impostor", + "pretender", + "fake", + "faker", + "fraud", + "sham", + "shammer", + "pseudo", + "pseud", + "role player" + ], + "it": [ + "commediante", + "impostore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes deceitful pretenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impressionist" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who follows the theories of Impressionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inamorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman with whom you are in love or have an intimate relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inamorato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man with whom you are in love or have an intimate relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incompetent", + "incompetent person" + ], + "it": [ + "inetto", + "incapace", + "cane", + "incompetente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is not competent to take effective action" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che non è in grado di svolgere adeguatamente il proprio mestiere, la propria professione", + "chi manca di competenza e di preparazione in un determinato settore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who depresses or worries others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incumbent", + "officeholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official who holds an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurable" + ], + "it": [ + "incurabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose disease is incurable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the earliest documented case of a disease that is included in an epidemiological study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indexer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who provides an index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative of the federal government to American Indian tribes (especially on Indian reservations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian chief", + "Indian chieftain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a group of Native Americans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian giver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for someone who asks you to return a present he has given you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individual" + ], + "it": [ + "individuo", + "singolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inductee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person inducted into an organization or social group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrialist" + ], + "it": [ + "industriale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manages or has significant financial interest in an industrial enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infanticide" + ], + "it": [ + "infanticida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who murders an infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infantryman", + "marcher", + "foot soldier", + "footslogger" + ], + "it": [ + "fantaccino", + "fante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fights on foot with small arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doughboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American infantryman in World War I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inferior" + ], + "it": [ + "inferiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of lesser rank or station or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infernal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Hell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a person who plays a position in the infield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intruder (as troops) with hostile intent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrator" + ], + "it": [ + "infiltrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes up a position surreptitiously for the purpose of espionage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informant", + "source" + ], + "it": [ + "informatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who supplies information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "informer", + "betrayer", + "rat", + "squealer", + "blabber" + ], + "it": [ + "confidente", + "delatore", + "informatore", + "sicofante", + "spia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who reveals confidential information in return for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artless innocent young girl (especially as portrayed on the stage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingenue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actress who specializes in playing the role of an artless innocent young girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingrate", + "thankless wretch", + "ungrateful person" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shows no gratitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiate", + "learned person", + "pundit", + "savant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of great and varied learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "in-law", + "relative-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "affine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relative by marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inmate" + ], + "it": [ + "internato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of several resident of a dwelling (especially someone confined to a prison or hospital)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculator", + "vaccinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical practitioner who inoculates people against diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inpatient", + "inmate" + ], + "it": [ + "degente", + "ricoverato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patient who is residing in the hospital where he is being treated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquirer", + "enquirer", + "questioner", + "querier", + "asker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who asks a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquiry agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private detective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inquisitor", + "interrogator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a questioner who is excessively harsh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inquisitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official of the ecclesiastical court of the Inquisition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insider" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "uno degli adetti ai lavori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer of a corporation or others who have access to private information about the corporation's operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insomniac", + "sleepless person" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi soffre di insonnia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cannot sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspector" + ], + "it": [ + "ispettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high ranking police officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspector general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military officer responsible for investigations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instigator", + "initiator" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who initiates a course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instigator", + "provoker", + "inciter", + "instigant", + "firebrand" + ], + "it": [ + "aizzatore", + "fomentatore", + "istigatore", + "sobillatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who deliberately foments trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instructress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman instructor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument", + "pawn", + "cat's-paw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person used by another to gain an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurance broker", + "insurance agent", + "general agent", + "underwriter" + ], + "it": [ + "agente d'assicurazioni", + "assicuratore", + "broker d'assicurazioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who sells insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insured", + "insured person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose interests are protected by an insurance policy; a person who contracts for an insurance policy that indemnifies him against loss of property or life or health etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insurgent", + "insurrectionist", + "freedom fighter", + "rebel" + ], + "it": [ + "ammutinato", + "frondista", + "insorto", + "ribelle", + "rivoltoso", + "sedizioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intelligence analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government analyst of information about an enemy or potential enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interior designer", + "designer", + "interior decorator", + "house decorator", + "room decorator", + "decorator" + ], + "it": [ + "arredatore", + "disegnatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who specializes in designing architectural interiors and their furnishings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlocutor", + "conversational partner" + ], + "it": [ + "interlocutore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes part in a conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlocutor", + "middleman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the performer in the middle of a minstrel line who engages the others in talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intern", + "interne", + "houseman", + "medical intern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advanced student or graduate in medicine gaining supervised practical experience (`houseman' is a British term)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internal auditor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an auditor who is an employee of the company whose records are audited and who provides information to the management and board of directors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "International Grandmaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chess player who has been awarded the highest title by an international chess organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a socialist or communist international" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of internationalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internee" + ], + "it": [ + "confinato", + "internato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is interned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in internal medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internuncio" + ], + "it": [ + "internunzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a diplomatic representative of the Pope ranking below a nuncio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpreter", + "translator" + ], + "it": [ + "interprete", + "traduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who mediates between speakers of different languages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpreter" + ], + "it": [ + "interprete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses art to represent something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervenor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a party who interposes in a pending proceeding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interviewee" + ], + "it": [ + "intervistato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is interviewed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interviewer" + ], + "it": [ + "intervistatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who conducts an interview" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introvert" + ], + "it": [ + "asociale", + "introverso", + "introvertito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(psychology) a person who tends to shrink from social contacts and to become preoccupied with their own thoughts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intruder", + "interloper", + "trespasser" + ], + "it": [ + "intruso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who intrudes on the privacy or property of another without permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invader", + "encroacher" + ], + "it": [ + "invaditore", + "invasore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enters by force in order to conquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalid", + "shut-in" + ], + "it": [ + "infermo", + "invalido", + "mutilato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is incapacitated by a chronic illness or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidator", + "voider", + "nullifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who can invalidate or nullify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventor", + "discoverer", + "artificer" + ], + "it": [ + "inventore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is the first to think of or make something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investigator" + ], + "it": [ + "investigatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who investigates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment adviser", + "investment advisor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advises others how to invest their money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investment banker", + "underwriter" + ], + "it": [ + "società distributrice", + "società garante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a banker who deals chiefly in underwriting new securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investor" + ], + "it": [ + "investitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who commits capital in order to gain financial returns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invigilator" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who watches examination candidates to prevent cheating" + ], + "it": [ + "chi sorveglia agli esami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron man", + "ironman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong man of exceptional physical endurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironmonger", + "hardwareman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells hardware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man of great strength or bravery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ironworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes articles of iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irredentist", + "irridentist" + ], + "it": [ + "irredentista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of irredentism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irreligionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is indifferent or hostile to religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar who knowledgeable in Islamic studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "islander", + "island-dweller" + ], + "it": [ + "isolano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of an island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ismaili", + "Ismailian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Ismailism; a member of the Ismaili branch of Shiism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolationist" + ], + "it": [ + "isolazionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of isolationism in international affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itinerant", + "gypsy", + "gipsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivy Leaguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student or graduate at an Ivy League school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jack of all trades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person able to do a variety of different jobs acceptably well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacksonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Andrew Jackson or his ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) son of Isaac; brother of Esau; father of the twelve patriarchs of Israel; Jacob wrestled with God and forced God to bless him, so God gave Jacob the new name of Israel (meaning `one who has been strong against God')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any distinguished personage during the reign of James I" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobin" + ], + "it": [ + "giacobino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the radical movement that instituted the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of James II after he was overthrown or a supporter of the Stuarts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jail bird", + "jailbird", + "gaolbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who has been jailed repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jane Doe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown or fictitious woman who is a party to legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Janissary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Turkish soldier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "janissary" + ], + "it": [ + "giannizzero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loyal supporter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "janitor" + ], + "it": [ + "bidello", + "portinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to clean and maintain a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jansenist" + ], + "it": [ + "giansenista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Jansenism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japheth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) son of Noah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Indo-European people widely scattered throughout the northwest of the Indian subcontinent and consisting of Muslims and Hindus and Sikhs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Javanese", + "Javan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Java" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jawan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(India) a private soldier or male constable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaywalker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reckless pedestrian who crosses a street illegally" + ], + "it": [ + "pedone indisciplinato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz musician", + "jazzman" + ], + "it": [ + "giazzista", + "jazzista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays or composes jazz music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeffersonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Thomas Jefferson or his ideas and principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jekyll and Hyde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with two personalities - one good and one evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk", + "dork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dull stupid fatuous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerry-builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who builds cheap buildings out of poor materials on speculation for a quick profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jester", + "fool", + "motley fool" + ], + "it": [ + "buffone", + "buffone di corte", + "giullare", + "zanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional clown employed to entertain a king or nobleman in the Middle Ages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jesuit" + ], + "it": [ + "gesuita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Jesuit order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewel", + "gem" + ], + "it": [ + "bijou", + "gemma", + "gioia", + "gioiello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is as brilliant and precious as a piece of jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeweler", + "jeweller" + ], + "it": [ + "gioielliere", + "orafo", + "orefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone in the business of selling jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewelry maker", + "jeweler", + "jeweller" + ], + "it": [ + "gioielliere", + "orafo", + "orefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jezebel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shameless impudent scheming woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who jilts a lover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jimdandy", + "jimhickey", + "crackerjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone excellent of their kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jobber", + "middleman", + "wholesaler" + ], + "it": [ + "blocchista", + "grossista", + "intermediario", + "jobber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys large quantities of goods and resells to merchants rather than to the ultimate customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job candidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an applicant who is being considered for a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jobholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who holds a regular job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Job" + ], + "it": [ + "Giobbe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any long-suffering person who withstands affliction without despairing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Job's comforter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose comfort is actually discouraging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jockey" + ], + "it": [ + "fantino", + "jockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to ride horses in horse races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator of some vehicle or machine or apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jogger" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who runs a steady slow pace (usually for exercise)" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che fa jogging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Doe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown or fictitious man who is a party to legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Doe", + "Joe Blow", + "Joe Bloggs", + "man in the street" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical average man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworker whose work involves making things by joining pieces of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who likes to join groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joker", + "jokester" + ], + "it": [ + "allegrone", + "baione", + "beffatore", + "beffeggiatore", + "bell'umore", + "bello spirito", + "bellospirito", + "bellumore", + "bontempone", + "buffone", + "buontempone", + "burlatore", + "burlone", + "celiatore", + "giocherellone", + "giovialone", + "giullare", + "mattacchione", + "mattaccino", + "mattacino", + "pazzerellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys telling or playing jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joker", + "turkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does something thoughtless or annoying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jonah", + "jinx" + ], + "it": [ + "iettatore", + "jettatore", + "menagramo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person believed to bring bad luck to those around him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "journalist" + ], + "it": [ + "articolista", + "giornalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer for newspapers and magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judas" + ], + "it": [ + "Giuda", + "fedifrago", + "giuda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who betrays under the guise of friendship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge", + "justice", + "jurist" + ], + "it": [ + "giudice", + "magistrato", + "pretore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge advocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a staff officer serving as legal adviser to a military commander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge advocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer assigned to the judge advocate general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge advocate general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior legal advisor to a branch of the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jewish heroine in one of the books of the Apocrypha; she saved her people by decapitating the Assyrian general Holofernes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggler" + ], + "it": [ + "giocoliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who juggles objects and performs tricks of manual dexterity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggernaut", + "steamroller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a massive inexorable force that seems to crush everything in its way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper" + ], + "it": [ + "saltatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who competes at jumping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who jumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jungian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower or advocate of Carl Jung's theories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the younger of two persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a third-year undergraduate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Junior", + "Jr", + "Jnr" + ], + "it": [ + "jr.", + "junior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a son who has the same first name as his father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior featherweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs no more than 122 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior lightweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs no more than 130 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior middleweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs no more than 154 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior welterweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weighs no more than 140 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jurist", + "legal expert" + ], + "it": [ + "giureconsulto", + "giurisperito", + "giurisperto", + "giurisprudente", + "giurista", + "leggista", + "legista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legal scholar versed in civil law or the law of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juror", + "juryman", + "jurywoman" + ], + "it": [ + "giurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who serves (or waits to be called to serve) on a jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justice of the peace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local magistrate with limited powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justiciar", + "justiciary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a high judicial officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kachina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a masked dancer during a Pueblo religious ceremony who is thought to embody some particular spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffir", + "kafir", + "caffer", + "caffre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive and insulting term for any Black African" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalon Tripa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chairman of the Kashag and essentially head of the Tibetan government-in-exile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kamikaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pilot trained and willing to cause a suicidal crash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaiser" + ], + "it": [ + "Kaiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title of the Holy Roman Emperors or the emperors of Austria or of Germany until 1918" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone in charge of other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kerb crawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives slowly along the curb seeking sex from prostitutes or other women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keyboardist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays a keyboard instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keynesian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khedive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Turkish viceroys who ruled Egypt between 1867 and 1914" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibbutznik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a kibbutz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibitzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a meddler who offers unwanted advice to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kicker" + ], + "it": [ + "calciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player who kicks the football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidnapper", + "kidnaper", + "abductor", + "snatcher" + ], + "it": [ + "rapitore", + "rattore", + "sequestratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who unlawfully seizes and detains a victim (usually for ransom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killer", + "slayer" + ], + "it": [ + "assassino", + "omicida", + "assassinatore", + "micidiale", + "uccisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who causes the death of a person or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "killer bee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investment banker who devises strategies to make a target company less attractive for takeover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king", + "male monarch", + "Rex" + ], + "it": [ + "re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important person who can bring leaders to power through the exercise of political influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King of England", + "King of Great Britain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sovereign ruler of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King of France" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sovereign ruler of France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King of the Germans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sovereign ruler of the Germans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "king", + "queen", + "world-beater" + ], + "it": [ + "re" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitor who holds a preeminent position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kingpin", + "top banana", + "bigwig" + ], + "it": [ + "capoccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important person in a group or undertaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King's Counsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Counsel to the Crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrister selected to serve as counsel to the British ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relative", + "relation" + ], + "it": [ + "congiunto", + "famigliare", + "familiare", + "parente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person related by blood or marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood relation", + "blood relative", + "cognate", + "sib" + ], + "it": [ + "cognato", + "consanguineo", + "prossimano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one related by blood or origin; especially on sharing an ancestor with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kin", + "kinsperson", + "family" + ], + "it": [ + "famiglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person having kinship with another or others" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona con una parentela con un altra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enate", + "matrikin", + "matrilineal kin", + "matrisib", + "matrilineal sib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one related on the mother's side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agnate", + "patrikin", + "patrilineal kin", + "patrisib", + "patrilineal sib" + ], + "it": [ + "agnato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one related on the father's side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with unusual sexual tastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kisser", + "osculator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who kisses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kissing cousin", + "kissing kin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more or less distant relative; familiar enough to be greeted with a kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help hired to work in the kitchen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitchen police", + "KP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted person who is assigned to assist the cooks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klansman", + "Ku Kluxer", + "Kluxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Ku Klux Klan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kleptomaniac" + ], + "it": [ + "cleptomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with an irrational urge to steal in the absence of an economic motive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "klutz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a clumsy dolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys up old horses for slaughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys old buildings or ships and breaks them up to recover the materials in them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kneeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in a kneeling position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight" + ], + "it": [ + "cavaliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight bachelor", + "bachelor-at-arms", + "bachelor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knight of the lowest order; could display only a pennon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight banneret", + "knight of the square flag", + "banneret" + ], + "it": [ + "banderese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knight honored for valor; entitled to display a square banner and to hold higher command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knight of the Round Table" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Arthurian legend, a knight of King Arthur's court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight-errant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wandering knight travelling in search of adventure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knight Templar", + "Templar" + ], + "it": [ + "tempiere", + "templare", + "templario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a knight of a religious military order established in 1118 to protect pilgrims and the Holy Sepulcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knight Templar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who belongs to a Masonic order in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knitter" + ], + "it": [ + "magliaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes garments (or fabrics) by intertwining yarn or thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who knocks (as seeking to gain admittance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a big shot who knows it and acts that way; a boastful immoderate person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knower", + "apprehender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who knows or apprehends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know-it-all", + "know-all" + ], + "it": [ + "cacasenno", + "saccente", + "sapientone", + "saputello", + "saputo", + "sputasenno", + "sputasentenze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who thinks he knows everything and refuses to accept advice or information from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kolkhoznik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a kolkhoz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kook", + "odd fellow", + "odd fish", + "queer bird", + "queer duck", + "odd man out" + ], + "it": [ + "stravagante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone regarded as eccentric or crazy and standing out from a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "koto player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the koto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kshatriya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the royal or warrior Hindu caste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kvetch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a constant complainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor coach", + "birthing coach", + "doula", + "monitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant (often the father of the soon-to-be-born child) who provides support for a woman in labor by encouraging her to use techniques learned in childbirth-preparation classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laborer", + "manual laborer", + "labourer", + "jack" + ], + "it": [ + "manovale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader of a labor movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labourite" + ], + "it": [ + "laborista", + "laburista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the British Labour Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who laces shoes or footballs or books (during binding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lackey", + "flunky", + "flunkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male servant (especially a footman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacrosse player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays lacrosse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lady", + "noblewoman", + "peeress" + ], + "it": [ + "dama", + "matrona", + "nobildonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman of the peerage in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady" + ], + "it": [ + "signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a polite name for any woman" + ], + "it": [ + "donna, ma con una sfumtura di maggior rispetto e cortesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady-in-waiting" + ], + "it": [ + "dama di corte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lady appointed to attend to a queen or princess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladylove", + "dulcinea" + ], + "it": [ + "dulcinea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a man's sweetheart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady's maid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maid who is a lady's personal attendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landowner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lama" + ], + "it": [ + "lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Tibetan or Mongolian priest of Lamaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamarckian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in Lamarckism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb", + "dear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweet innocent mild-mannered person (especially a child)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb" + ], + "it": [ + "pollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person easily deceived or cheated (especially in financial matters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lame duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected official still in office but not slated to continue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes laminates (especially plastic laminates)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamplighter" + ], + "it": [ + "fanalista", + "lampionaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(when gas was used for streetlights) a person who lights and extinguishes streetlights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lampoon artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cartoonist who draws parodies or satirical renditions of cultural or social or political situations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lance corporal" + ], + "it": [ + "caporale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted man in the marine corps ranking above a private first class and below a corporal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancer" + ], + "it": [ + "lancere", + "lancia", + "lanciere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) a cavalryman armed with a lance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land agent" + ], + "it": [ + "castaldo", + "gastaldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who administers a landed estate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landgrave" + ], + "it": [ + "landgravio", + "langravio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a count who had jurisdiction over a large territory in medieval Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landlord who is a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlord" + ], + "it": [ + "affittacamere", + "fittacamere", + "locatore", + "locatrice", + "padrona di casa", + "padrone di casa", + "proprietaria", + "proprietario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a landowner who leases to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlubber", + "lubber", + "landsman" + ], + "it": [ + "marinaio d'acqua dolce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexperienced sailor; a sailor on the first voyage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landlubber", + "landsman", + "landman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lives and works on land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landowner", + "landholder", + "property owner" + ], + "it": [ + "agrario", + "possidente", + "proprietario terriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holder or proprietor of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape architect", + "landscape gardener", + "landscaper", + "landscapist" + ], + "it": [ + "architetto del paesaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who arranges features of the landscape or garden attractively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscapist" + ], + "it": [ + "paesista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who paints landscapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "langlaufer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cross-country skier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "languisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who languishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapidary", + "lapidist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who cuts and engraves precious stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapidary", + "lapidarist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert on precious stones and the art of cutting and engraving them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larcenist", + "larcener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who commits larceny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of greater than average size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lascar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an East Indian sailor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who urges the animals on with lashes of a whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lass", + "lassie", + "young girl", + "jeune fille" + ], + "it": [ + "fanciulla", + "putta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl or young woman who is unmarried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latchkey child" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a school-age child who is home without adult supervision for part of the day (especially after school until a parent returns home from work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latecomer" + ], + "it": [ + "ritardatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who arrives late" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who puts up laths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a member of those peoples whose languages derived from Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Latium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latinist" + ], + "it": [ + "latinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the Latin language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latitudinarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is broad-minded and tolerant (especially in standards of religious belief and conduct)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jehovah's Witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "believer in imminent approach of the millennium; practitioner of active evangelism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latter-Day Saint", + "Mormon" + ], + "it": [ + "mormone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laudator", + "lauder", + "extoller" + ], + "it": [ + "elogiatore", + "esaltatore", + "lodatore", + "magnificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates high praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is laughing or who laughs easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laureate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone honored for great achievements; figuratively someone crowned with a laurel wreath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a solicitor in Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawgiver", + "lawmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "legislatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of laws; someone who gives a code of laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawman", + "law officer", + "peace officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer of the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "law student" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "studente di legge", + "studente di giurisprudenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student in law school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lawyer", + "attorney" + ], + "it": [ + "avvocatessa", + "avvocato", + "legale", + "patrocinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layman", + "layperson", + "secular" + ], + "it": [ + "laico", + "profano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a layman who is authorized by the bishop to read parts of the service in an Anglican or Episcopal church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any witness who does not testify as an expert witness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lazarus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lazzaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diseased beggar in Jesus' parable of the rich man and the beggar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lazarus" + ], + "it": [ + "Lazzaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who Jesus raised from the dead after four days in the tomb; this miracle caused the enemies of Jesus to begin the plan to put him to death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lazybones" + ], + "it": [ + "apatico", + "brindellone", + "indolente", + "marmotta", + "mollaccione", + "pigro", + "pigrone", + "scaldaseggiole", + "svogliato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lazy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading lady" + ], + "it": [ + "prima attrice", + "primadonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actress who plays the leading female role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leading man" + ], + "it": [ + "primo attore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actor who plays the leading male role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a surreptitious informant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learner", + "scholar", + "assimilator" + ], + "it": [ + "discente", + "scolaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (especially a child) who learns (as from a teacher) or takes up knowledge or beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaseholder", + "lessee" + ], + "it": [ + "affittuario", + "pigionante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenant who holds a lease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lector", + "lecturer", + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "lettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public lecturer at certain universities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lector", + "reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reads the lessons in a church service; someone ordained in a minor order of the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecturer" + ], + "it": [ + "conferenziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lectures professionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leech", + "parasite", + "sponge", + "sponger" + ], + "it": [ + "parasita", + "parassita", + "sanguisuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower who hangs around a host (without benefit to the host) in hope of gain or advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left-handed pitcher", + "left-hander", + "left hander", + "lefthander", + "lefty", + "southpaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball pitcher who throws the ball with the left hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left-hander", + "lefty", + "southpaw" + ], + "it": [ + "mancino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses the left hand with greater skill than the right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legal representative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal representative with legal standing (as by power of attorney or the executor of a will)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legate", + "official emissary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a legation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legatee" + ], + "it": [ + "legatario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom a legacy is bequeathed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legionnaire", + "legionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who is a member of a legion (especially the French Foreign Legion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Legionnaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the American Legion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislator" + ], + "it": [ + "legislatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or enacts laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lender", + "loaner" + ], + "it": [ + "mutuante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lends money or gives credit in business matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pariah who is avoided by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leper", + "lazar" + ], + "it": [ + "lazzaro", + "lazzero", + "lebbroso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with leprosy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lepidopterist", + "lepidopterologist", + "butterfly collector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entomologist who specializes in the collection and study of butterflies and moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesbian", + "tribade", + "gay woman" + ], + "it": [ + "lesbica", + "tribade", + "donna omosessule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female homosexual" + ], + "it": [ + "persona omosessuale di sesso femminale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lessor", + "lease giver" + ], + "it": [ + "locatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who grants a lease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "owner who lets another person use something (housing usually) for hire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letterman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who has earned a letter in a school sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leveler", + "leveller" + ], + "it": [ + "livellatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical who advocates the abolition of social distinctions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leviathan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the largest or most massive thing of its kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Hebrew tribe of Levi (especially the branch that provided male assistants to the temple priests)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicographer", + "lexicologist" + ], + "it": [ + "dizionarista", + "lessicografo", + "vocabolarista", + "vocabolista", + "vocabulista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compiler or writer of a dictionary; a student of the lexical component of language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liar", + "prevaricator" + ], + "it": [ + "bugiardo", + "mentitore", + "raccontafavole", + "vendifrottole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has lied or who lies repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberal", + "liberalist", + "progressive" + ], + "it": [ + "liberale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberal" + ], + "it": [ + "liberale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberator" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancatore", + "liberatore", + "riscattatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who releases people from captivity or bondage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libertarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes the doctrine of free will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libertarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of libertarianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libertine", + "debauchee", + "rounder" + ], + "it": [ + "debosciato", + "dissoluto", + "libertino", + "scapestrato", + "scostumato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dissolute person; usually a man who is morally unrestrained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "librarian", + "bibliothec" + ], + "it": [ + "bibliotecario", + "conservatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional person trained in library science and engaged in library services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "librettist" + ], + "it": [ + "librettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "author of words to be set to music in an opera or operetta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licensed practical nurse", + "LPN", + "practical nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse who has enough training to be licensed by a state to provide routine care for the sick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licensee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom a license is granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who can issue a license or give authoritative permission (especially one who licenses publications)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "licentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holds a license (degree) from a (European) university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie-abed", + "slugabed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who stays in bed until a relatively late hour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i90999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieder singer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer of lieder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liege", + "liege lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feudal lord entitled to allegiance and service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant", + "police lieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "tenente di polizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in a police force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "tenente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned military officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "tenente di vascello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer holding a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant commander and above lieutenant junior grade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant colonel", + "light colonel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines holding a rank above major and below colonel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant commander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the Navy ranking above a lieutenant and below a commander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general officer ranking above a major general and below a full general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant governor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected official serving as deputy to the governor of a state of the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lieutenant junior grade", + "lieutenant JG" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer holding a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant and above ensign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a living person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifeguard", + "lifesaver" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnaiolo", + "bagnante", + "bagnino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant employed at a beach or pool to protect swimmers from accidents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life peer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer whose title lapses at death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifer" + ], + "it": [ + "ergastolano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prisoner serving a term of life imprisonment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life tenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenant whose legal right to retain possession of buildings or lands lasts as long as they (or some other person) live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighterman", + "bargeman", + "bargee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who operates a barge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light flyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 106 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light heavyweight", + "cruiserweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs between 169 and 175 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light heavyweight" + ], + "it": [ + "mediomassimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who weighs 192-214 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light heavyweight" + ], + "it": [ + "mediomassimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 179 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light middleweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 156 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighthouse keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the keeper of a lighthouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightning rod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a frequent target of negative reactions and serves to distract attention from another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light-o'-love", + "light-of-love" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman inconstant in love" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs between 131 and 135 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso leggero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who weighs 139-154 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso leggero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 132 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light welterweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 140 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilliputian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small person (resembling a Lilliputian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linebacker", + "line backer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defensive football player who takes a position close behind the linemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limnologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the study of freshwater ponds and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "football official who assists the referee by keeping track of the official time during the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the players on the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lineman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the surveyor who marks positions with a range pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linendraper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail dealer in yard goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer with combat units (not a staff officer or a supply officer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linesman" + ], + "it": [ + "guardalinee", + "guardialinee", + "segnalinee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "official (in tennis, soccer, football, etc.) who assists the referee in some way (especially by watching for out of bounds or offside)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line worker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who works on an assembly line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguist", + "polyglot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who speaks more than one language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linguist", + "linguistic scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "glottologo", + "linguista", + "poliglotta", + "poliglotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in linguistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linkboy", + "linkman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) an attendant hired to carry a torch for pedestrians in dark streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion", + "social lion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebrity who is lionized (much sought after)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion-hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts lions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lion-hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to attract social lions as guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who can understand spoken words by watching the movements of a speaker's lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidator", + "receiver" + ], + "it": [ + "curatore fallimentare", + "liquidatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person (usually appointed by a court of law) who liquidates assets or preserves them for the benefit of affected parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who lisps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assessor who makes out the tax lists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literary critic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critic of literature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literate", + "literate person" + ], + "it": [ + "alfabeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who can read and write" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithographer" + ], + "it": [ + "litografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a printmaker who uses lithography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithomancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices lithomancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litigant", + "litigator" + ], + "it": [ + "contendente", + "litigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a party to a lawsuit; someone involved in litigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litterer", + "litterbug", + "litter lout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who litters public places with refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a younger brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello più giovane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little John" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legendary follower of Robin Hood; noted for his size and strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little leaguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player between 8 and 12 years of age who is a member of a little-league team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Little Red Riding Hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl in a fairy tale who meets a wolf while going to visit her grandmother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "little sister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a younger sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liturgist" + ], + "it": [ + "liturgista", + "rubricista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority on liturgies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liveborn infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infant who shows signs of life after birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has a special life style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liveryman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker in a livery stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who loads guns for someone shooting game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobbyist" + ], + "it": [ + "lobbista", + "lobbysta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is employed to persuade legislators to vote for legislation that favors the lobbyist's employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobsterman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose occupation is catching lobsters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locator", + "locater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who fixes the boundaries of land claims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lockmaster", + "lockman", + "lockkeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker in charge of a lock (on a canal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locksmith" + ], + "it": [ + "chiavaio", + "fabbro ferraio", + "magnano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs locks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locum tenens", + "locum" + ], + "it": [ + "interino", + "medico sostituto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (physician or clergyman) who substitutes temporarily for another member of the same profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodger", + "boarder", + "roomer" + ], + "it": [ + "affittuario", + "inquilino", + "locatario", + "pensionante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tenant in someone's house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logical positivist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who maintains that any statement that cannot be verified empirically is meaningless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logician", + "logistician" + ], + "it": [ + "logico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled at symbolic logic" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona specializzata in logica simbolica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logomach", + "logomachist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone given to disputes over words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loiterer", + "lingerer" + ], + "it": [ + "bighellone", + "perdigiorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lingers aimlessly in or about a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lolita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexually precocious young girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lollipop lady", + "lollipop woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman hired to help children cross a road safely near a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loner", + "lone wolf", + "lone hand" + ], + "it": [ + "solitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who avoids the company or assistance of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longbowman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval English archer who used a longbow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longer", + "thirster", + "yearner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a strong desire for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long shot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant that is unlikely to win" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lookout", + "lookout man", + "sentinel", + "sentry", + "watch", + "spotter", + "scout", + "picket" + ], + "it": [ + "esploratore", + "piantone", + "scolta", + "sentinella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worthless lazy fellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is expected to perform a particular task but who is out of control and dangerous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord", + "noble", + "nobleman" + ], + "it": [ + "gentiluomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a titled peer of the realm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord Chancellor", + "Lord High Chancellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the highest officer of the Crown who is head of the judiciary and who presides in the House of Lords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord of Misrule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person appointed master of revels at a Christmas celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lord Privy Seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior cabinet minister in the British Cabinet who has no official duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorelei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Siren of German legend who lured boatmen in the Rhine to destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loser" + ], + "it": [ + "perditore", + "sconfitto", + "vinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who loses a bet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loser", + "also-ran" + ], + "it": [ + "perdente", + "vinto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who loses the contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "failure", + "loser", + "nonstarter", + "unsuccessful person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a record of failing; someone who loses consistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old maid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the loser in a game of old maid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underboss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant or second-in-command to a chief (especially in a crime syndicate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underdog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one at a disadvantage and expected to lose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lot's wife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) when God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, Lot and his family were told to flee without looking back; Lot's wife was disobedient and was immediately changed into a pillar of salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lothario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a successful womanizer; a man who behaves selfishly in his sexual relationships with women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loudmouth", + "blusterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who causes trouble by speaking indiscreetly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounge lizard", + "lizard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who idles about in the lounges of hotels and bars in search of women who would support him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lout", + "clod", + "stumblebum", + "goon", + "oaf", + "lubber", + "lummox", + "lump", + "gawk" + ], + "it": [ + "cretino", + "stupido", + "zulù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an awkward stupid person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowerclassman", + "underclassman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undergraduate who is not yet a senior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low-birth-weight baby", + "low-birth-weight infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant born weighing less than 5.5 pounds (2500 grams) regardless of gestational age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowlander", + "Scottish Lowlander", + "Lowland Scot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of the Lowlands of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loyalist", + "stalwart" + ], + "it": [ + "lealista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is loyal to their allegiance (especially in times of revolt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubavitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Lubavitch movement; a follower of Chabad Hasidism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luddite" + ], + "it": [ + "luddista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the 19th century English workmen who destroyed laborsaving machinery that they thought would cause unemployment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luddite" + ], + "it": [ + "luddista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any opponent of technological progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luger", + "slider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who races the luge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumberman", + "lumberjack", + "logger", + "feller", + "faller" + ], + "it": [ + "boscaiolo", + "taglialegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who fells trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminary", + "leading light", + "guiding light", + "notable", + "notability" + ], + "it": [ + "luminare", + "autorità", + "notabile", + "notabilità", + "personaggio di primo piano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebrity who is an inspiration to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taxonomist who classifies organisms into large groups on the basis of major characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person regarded very fondly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunatic", + "madman", + "maniac" + ], + "it": [ + "alienato", + "anormale", + "demente", + "folle", + "forsennato", + "maniaco", + "matto", + "mentecatto", + "pazzo", + "squilibrato", + "squinternato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insane person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedlamite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for a lunatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyromaniac" + ], + "it": [ + "piromane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a mania for setting things on fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luncher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is eating lunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who moves forward suddenly (as in fencing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurker", + "skulker", + "lurcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone waiting in concealment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luthier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who makes stringed instruments (as lutes or guitars or violins)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lutist", + "lutanist", + "lutenist" + ], + "it": [ + "liutista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the lute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutheran" + ], + "it": [ + "luterano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follower of Lutheranism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyricist", + "lyrist" + ], + "it": [ + "paroliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who writes the words for songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ma", + "mama", + "mamma", + "mom", + "momma", + "mommy", + "mammy", + "mum", + "mummy" + ], + "it": [ + "ma'", + "mammina", + "mamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for a mother" + ], + "it": [ + "termine informale per mamma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macaroni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British dandy in the 18th century who affected Continental mannerisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macebearer", + "mace", + "macer" + ], + "it": [ + "mazziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who carries a mace of office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machiavellian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Machiavelli's principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine" + ], + "it": [ + "macchina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an efficient person" + ], + "it": [ + "si usa come oggetto di identificazione o termine di confronto per una persona che lavora molto, senza stancarsi mai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine politician", + "ward-heeler", + "political hack", + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a politician who belongs to a small clique that controls a political party for private rather than public ends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machinist", + "mechanic", + "shop mechanic" + ], + "it": [ + "macchinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman skilled in operating machine tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male exhibiting or characterized by machismo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mackem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Sunderland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macroeconomist", + "macroeconomic expert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economist who specializes in macroeconomics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macushla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(an Irish term of address expressing affection) darling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madam", + "brothel keeper" + ], + "it": [ + "maîtresse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who runs a house of prostitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "title used for a married Frenchwoman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrigalist" + ], + "it": [ + "madrigalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer of madrigals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman lunatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maenad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unnaturally frenzied or distraught woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maestro", + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist of consummate skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mafioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mafia crime syndicate in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mafioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Sicilian Mafia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magdalen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reformed prostitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magician", + "prestidigitator", + "conjurer", + "conjuror", + "illusionist" + ], + "it": [ + "illusionista", + "mago", + "prestigiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs magic tricks to amuse an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magistrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnifico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of distinguished rank or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magpie", + "scavenger", + "pack rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who collects things that have been discarded by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magus" + ], + "it": [ + "mago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Zoroastrian priesthood of the ancient Persians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magus" + ], + "it": [ + "mago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magician or sorcerer of ancient times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maharaja", + "maharajah" + ], + "it": [ + "maharajah", + "maragià" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great raja; a Hindu prince or king in India ranking above a raja" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maharani", + "maharanee" + ], + "it": [ + "maharani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great rani; a princess in India or the wife of a maharaja" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahatma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) term of respect for a brahmin sage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahdi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Islam) a messianic leader who (according to popular Muslim belief) will appear before the end of the world and restore justice and religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahdist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Mahdism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driver and keeper of an elephant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maid", + "maiden" + ], + "it": [ + "donzella", + "fanciulla", + "pulcella", + "pulzella", + "signorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maid", + "maidservant", + "housemaid", + "amah" + ], + "it": [ + "cameriera", + "donna", + "domestica", + "donna di servizio", + "fantesca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female domestic" + ], + "it": [ + "addetta ai lavori di casa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden aunt" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "zia zitella", + "zia nubile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unmarried aunt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who mails something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mailman", + "postman", + "mail carrier", + "letter carrier", + "carrier" + ], + "it": [ + "portalettere", + "postiere", + "postino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who delivers the mail" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che consegna la posta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major" + ], + "it": [ + "maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines; below lieutenant colonel and above captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university student who is studying a particular field as the principal subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major-domo", + "seneschal" + ], + "it": [ + "maggiordomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief steward or butler of a great household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major-general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general officer ranking above a brigadier general and below a lieutenant general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "majority leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the majority party in a legislature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major leaguer", + "big leaguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a major-league baseball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maker", + "shaper" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malacologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist specializing in the study of mollusks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malahini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a newcomer to Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malcontent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is discontented or disgusted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male aristocrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is an aristocrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male child", + "boy" + ], + "it": [ + "bambino", + "bimbo", + "guaglione", + "ragazzo", + "figliuolo", + "figliolo", + "ragazzino", + "fanciullo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youthful male person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgressor" + ], + "it": [ + "trasgressore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who transgresses; someone who violates a law or command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male offspring", + "man-child" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who is male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "male sibling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sibling who is male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malfeasant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one guilty of malfeasance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a town or community in some parts of Asia Minor and the Indian subcontinent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malingerer", + "skulker", + "shammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone shirking their duty by feigning illness or incapacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malthusian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in Malthusian theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maltster", + "maltman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammalogist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one skilled in the study of mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for a Black nursemaid in the southern U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man", + "adult male" + ], + "it": [ + "maschio", + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona adulta di sesso maschile (in opposizione a donna o a bambino)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman" + ], + "it": [ + "(informale) una persona di sesso maschile che gioca il ruolo di marito, amante, fidanzato nella vita di una certa donna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "maschio", + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent)" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona adulta di sesso maschile che ha caratteristiche virili (coraggio, forza, ..)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adonis" + ], + "it": [ + "adone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any handsome young man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the generic use of the word to refer to any human being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male subordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "persona (di sesso maschile) in ruolo subordinato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "management consultant" + ], + "it": [ + "consulente aziendale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adviser to business about efficient management practices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manageress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman manager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "managing editor" + ], + "it": [ + "caporedattore", + "redattore capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the editor in charge of all editorial activities of a newspaper or magazine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high public official of imperial China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin" + ], + "it": [ + "mandarino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any high government official or bureaucrat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandarin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an elite intellectual or cultural group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandatary", + "mandatory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the recipient of a mandate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority who issues a mandate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandaean", + "Mandean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a small Gnostic sect that originated in Jordan and survives in Iraq and who believes that John the Baptist was the Messiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuverer", + "manoeuvrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in maneuvering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maniac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has an obsession with or excessive enthusiasm for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manic-depressive" + ], + "it": [ + "maniaco-depressivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with manic-depressive illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manichaean", + "Manichean", + "Manichee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Manichaeism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicurist" + ], + "it": [ + "manicure", + "manicurista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautician who cleans and trims and polishes the fingernails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who handles things manually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mannequin", + "manikin", + "mannikin", + "manakin", + "fashion model", + "model" + ], + "it": [ + "indossatore", + "indossatrice", + "mannequin", + "modella", + "top model" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who wears clothes to display fashions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man-at-arms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavily armed and mounted soldier in medieval times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manikin", + "mannikin", + "homunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is very small but who is not otherwise deformed or abnormal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man of action", + "man of deeds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone inclined to act first and think later" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man of letters" + ], + "it": [ + "letterato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man devoted to literary or scholarly activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man of means", + "rich man", + "wealthy man" + ], + "it": [ + "ricco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is wealthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manservant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man servant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manufacturer", + "producer" + ], + "it": [ + "cineasta", + "costruttore", + "fabbricatore", + "produttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manufactures something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maoist" + ], + "it": [ + "maoista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Maoism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map-reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who can read maps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maquis", + "Maquisard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guerrilla fighter in the French underground in World War II" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marathoner", + "marathon runner", + "road runner", + "long-distance runner" + ], + "it": [ + "fondista", + "maratoneta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who participates in long-distance races (especially in marathons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marauder", + "predator", + "vulture", + "piranha" + ], + "it": [ + "depredatore", + "devastatore", + "predatore", + "predone", + "razziatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attacks in search of booty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marcher", + "parader" + ], + "it": [ + "marciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walks with regular or stately step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of a border district" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marchioness", + "marquise" + ], + "it": [ + "marchesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noblewoman ranking below a duchess and above a countess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marchioness" + ], + "it": [ + "marchesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife or widow of a marquis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margrave" + ], + "it": [ + "margravio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German nobleman ranking above a count (corresponding in rank to a British marquess)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "margrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the military governor of a frontier province in medieval Germany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marine", + "devil dog", + "leatherneck", + "shipboard soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the United States Marine Corps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who serves both on shipboard and on land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marine engineer", + "naval engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naval officer responsible for the operation and maintenance of the ship's engines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mariner", + "seaman", + "tar", + "Jack-tar", + "Jack", + "old salt", + "seafarer", + "gob", + "sea dog" + ], + "it": [ + "lupo di mare", + "marinaio", + "navigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who serves as a sailor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marksman", + "sharpshooter", + "crack shot" + ], + "it": [ + "tiratore scelto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in shooting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is stranded (as on an island)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marquess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer ranking below a duke and above an earl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marquis", + "marquess" + ], + "it": [ + "marchese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nobleman (in various countries) ranking above a count" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marrano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medieval Spain and Portugal) a disparaging term for a Jew who converted to Christianity in order to avoid persecution but continued to practice their religion secretly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "married" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshal", + "marshall" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "membro del servizio d'ordine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law officer having duties similar to those of a sheriff in carrying out the judgments of a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshal", + "marshall" + ], + "it": [ + "maresciallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in some countries) a military officer of highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martinet", + "disciplinarian", + "moralist" + ], + "it": [ + "moralista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demands exact conformity to rules and forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martyr", + "sufferer" + ], + "it": [ + "martire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who suffers for the sake of principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martyr" + ], + "it": [ + "martire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who voluntarily suffers death as the penalty for refusing to renounce their religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marxist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Marxism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mascot" + ], + "it": [ + "mascotte", + "portafortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or animal that is adopted by a team or other group as a symbolic figure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masochist" + ], + "it": [ + "masochista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who obtains pleasure from receiving punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mason", + "stonemason" + ], + "it": [ + "lapidario", + "scalpellino", + "tagliapietre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who works with stone or brick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masorete", + "Massorete", + "Masorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar who is expert on the Masorah (especially one of the Jewish scribes who contributed to the Masorah)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masquerader", + "masker", + "masquer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a masquerade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massager" + ], + "it": [ + "massaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rubs or kneads parts of the body to stimulate circulation and promote relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masseur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male massager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masseuse" + ], + "it": [ + "massaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female massager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass murderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is responsible for the deaths of many victims in a single incident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master", + "professional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority qualified to teach apprentices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "directs the work of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "laureato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds a master's degree from academic institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master", + "captain", + "sea captain", + "skipper" + ], + "it": [ + "capitano", + "capobarca", + "padrone", + "skipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer who is licensed to command a merchant ship" + ], + "it": [ + "un funzionario responsabile di una imbarcazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master-at-arms" + ], + "it": [ + "aiutante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior petty officer; responsible for discipline aboard ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master of ceremonies", + "emcee", + "host" + ], + "it": [ + "cerimoniere", + "maestro di cerimonie", + "presentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior noncommissioned officer in the Army or Marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masturbator", + "onanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who practices masturbation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matchmaker", + "matcher", + "marriage broker" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzale", + "paraninfo", + "pronubo", + "sensale", + "sensale di matrimoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who arranges (or tries to arrange) marriages for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate", + "first mate" + ], + "it": [ + "secondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the officer below the master on a commercial ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for a friend of the same sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the partner of an animal (especially a sexual partner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal use of the Latin word for mother; sometimes used by British schoolboys or used facetiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person judged suitable for admission or employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialist" + ], + "it": [ + "materialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who thinks that nothing exists but physical matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "materialist" + ], + "it": [ + "materialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with great regard for material possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "material witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witness whose testimony is both relevant to the matter at issue and required in order to resolve the matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mathematician" + ], + "it": [ + "matematico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "math teacher", + "mathematics teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriarch", + "materfamilias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female head of a family or tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feisty older woman with a big bosom (as drawn in cartoons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matricide" + ], + "it": [ + "matricida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who murders their mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has been admitted to a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a married woman (usually middle-aged with children) who is staid and dignified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matron" + ], + "it": [ + "capoinfermiera", + "caposala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman in charge of nursing in a medical institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wardress in a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matron of honor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a married woman serving as the attendant to the bride at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mauler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fighter who batters the opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maverick", + "rebel" + ], + "it": [ + "rivoltoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayor", + "city manager" + ], + "it": [ + "podestà", + "sindaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a city government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayoress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman mayor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayoress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a mayor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "May queen", + "queen of the May" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the girl chosen queen of a May Day festival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meanie", + "meany", + "unkind person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of mean disposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measurer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes measurements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meat packer", + "packer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wholesaler in the meat-packing business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "ingegnere meccanico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained to design and construct machines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who subscribes to the doctrine of mechanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medalist", + "medallist", + "medal winner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(golf) the winner at medal play of a tournament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medalist", + "medallist" + ], + "it": [ + "medaglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has won a medal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meddler" + ], + "it": [ + "ficcanaso", + "impiccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officious annoying person who interferes with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "media consultant", + "media guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advises about the use of communication media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical assistant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained to assist medical professionals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical officer", + "medic" + ], + "it": [ + "medico militare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical practitioner in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical practitioner", + "medical man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who studies disease processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medical student", + "medico" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "studente di medicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student in medical school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium", + "spiritualist", + "sensitive" + ], + "it": [ + "medium", + "sensitivo", + "spiritista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who serves as an intermediary between the living and the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megalomaniac" + ], + "it": [ + "megalomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pathological egotist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melancholic", + "melancholiac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone subject to melancholia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melkite", + "Melchite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Orthodox Christian or Uniate Christian belonging to the patriarchate of Alexandria or Antioch or Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melkite", + "Melchite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an eastern Christian in Egypt or Syria who adheres to the Orthodox faith as defined by the council of Chalcedon in 451 and as accepted by the Byzantine emperor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who melts substances (metal or wax etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "member", + "fellow member" + ], + "it": [ + "appartenente", + "componente", + "elemento", + "membro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuna delle persone che formano un gruppo, una collettività, un'associazione e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonmember" + ], + "it": [ + "non socio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not a member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board member" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a governing board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clansman", + "clanswoman", + "clan member" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "membro di un clan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a clan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club member" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "socio di un club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a member of a club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorizer", + "memoriser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who learns by rote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendelian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Mendelism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mender", + "repairer", + "fixer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who mends or repairs things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a domestic servant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mensch", + "mensh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decent responsible person with admirable characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menshevik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian member of the liberal minority group that advocated gradual reform and opposed the Bolsheviks before and during the Russian Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who refers to something briefly or incidentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentor", + "wise man" + ], + "it": [ + "mentore", + "saggio", + "savio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wise and trusted guide and advisor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercenary", + "soldier of fortune" + ], + "it": [ + "mercenario", + "soldato di ventura", + "avventuriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person hired to fight for another country than their own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in textiles (especially silks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "merchant", + "merchandiser" + ], + "it": [ + "mercadante", + "mercante", + "mercatante", + "mercatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessperson engaged in retail trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merovingian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Merovingian dynasty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meshuggeneh", + "meshuggener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a crazy fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesne lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feudal lord who was lord to his own tenants on land held from a superior lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesoamerican" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one of the various peoples inhabiting Mesoamerica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesomorph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a well-developed muscular body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messenger", + "courier" + ], + "it": [ + "corriere", + "messaggero", + "messaggiero", + "messo", + "procaccia", + "procaccino", + "staffetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who carries a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bearer" + ], + "it": [ + "apportatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a messenger who bears or presents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messenger boy", + "errand boy" + ], + "it": [ + "fattorino", + "galoppino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who earns money by running errands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "messmate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(nautical) an associate with whom you share meals in the same mess (as on a ship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mestiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mestizo", + "ladino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan of heavy metal music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallurgist", + "metallurgical engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer trained in the extraction and refining and alloying and fabrication of metals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteorologist" + ], + "it": [ + "meteorologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter maid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "policewoman who is assigned to write parking tickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Methodist" + ], + "it": [ + "metodista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Wesleyanism as practiced by the Methodist Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wesleyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Wesleyanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metic" + ], + "it": [ + "meteco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an alien who paid a fee to reside in an ancient Greek city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in western Canada who is of Caucasian and American Indian ancestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metropolitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lives in a metropolis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metropolitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Eastern Orthodox Church this title is given to a position between bishop and patriarch; equivalent to archbishop in western Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mezzo-soprano", + "mezzo" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzo soprano", + "mezzosoprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soprano with a voice between soprano and contralto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microbiologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in microbiology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microeconomist", + "microeconomic expert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economist who specializes in microeconomics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microscopist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who specializes in research with the use of microscopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle-aged man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is roughly between 45 and 65 years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middlebrow" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is neither a highbrow nor a lowbrow" + ], + "it": [ + "chi ha una cultura media" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middleweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs between 155 and 160 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middleweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who weighs 172-192 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middleweight" + ], + "it": [ + "peso medio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 165 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midinette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Parisian salesgirl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midshipman" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirante", + "aspirante guardiamarina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary rank held by young naval officers in training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midwife", + "accoucheuse" + ], + "it": [ + "levatrice", + "mammana", + "ostetrica", + "ricoglitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman skilled in aiding the delivery of babies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migrant", + "migrator" + ], + "it": [ + "migratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traveler who moves from one region or country to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mikado", + "tenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the emperor of Japan; when regarded as a religious leader the emperor is called tenno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milady" + ], + "it": [ + "milady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English noblewoman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milanese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Milan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a runner in a one-mile race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miles gloriosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a braggart soldier (a stock figure in comedy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militant", + "activist" + ], + "it": [ + "attivista", + "militante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a militant reformer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militarist", + "warmonger" + ], + "it": [ + "bellicista", + "guerrafondaio", + "guerraiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who advocates war or warlike policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military adviser", + "military advisor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military officer who serves as an adviser to the troops of an allied nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attache who is a specialist in military matters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military chaplain", + "padre", + "Holy Joe", + "sky pilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chaplain in one of the military services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military governor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a government established by the military (as in a defeated country)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader of military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military officer", + "officer" + ], + "it": [ + "ufficiale", + "ufficialessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "military policeman", + "MP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the military police who polices soldiers and guards prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militiaman" + ], + "it": [ + "miliziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the militia; serves only during emergencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milkman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who delivers milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the responsible official at a mill that is under absentee ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miller" + ], + "it": [ + "mugnaio", + "mulinaio", + "mulinaro", + "pistrinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works in a mill (especially a grain mill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill-girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who works in a mill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill-hand", + "factory worker" + ], + "it": [ + "manifatturiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman in a mill or factory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millenarian", + "millenarist", + "chiliast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who believes in the coming of the millennium (a time of great peace and prosperity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millionairess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman millionaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millwright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who designs or erects mills and milling machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term of address for an English lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mime", + "mimer", + "mummer", + "pantomimer", + "pantomimist" + ], + "it": [ + "mimo", + "pantomimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who communicates entirely by gesture and facial expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimic", + "mimicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who mimics (especially an actor or actress)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (usually in totalitarian countries) who is assigned to watch over foreign visitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind reader", + "telepathist", + "thought-reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magician who seems to discern the thoughts of another person (usually by clever signals from an accomplice)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miner", + "mineworker" + ], + "it": [ + "minatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laborer who works in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineralogist" + ], + "it": [ + "mineralista", + "mineralogista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist trained in mineralogy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniaturist" + ], + "it": [ + "miniatore", + "miniaturista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who paints tiny pictures in great detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner or advocate of artistic minimalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative who advocates only minor reforms in government or politics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mining engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer concerned with the construction and operation of mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a servile or fawning dependant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minister", + "diplomatic minister" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat representing one government to another; ranks below ambassador" + ], + "it": [ + "agente diplomatico di grado inferiore a quello di ambasciatore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minister", + "government minister" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person appointed to a high office in the government" + ], + "it": [ + "ciascuno dei capi dei fondamentali settori (ministeri o dicasteri) dell'amministrazione dello stato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ministrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who serves as a minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minority leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the minority party in a legislature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minor leaguer", + "bush leaguer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player on a minor-league baseball team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrel" + ], + "it": [ + "giullare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer in a minstrel show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minuteman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American militiaman prior to and during the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miracle man", + "miracle worker" + ], + "it": [ + "taumaturgo", + "teurgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who claims or is alleged to perform miracles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misanthrope", + "misanthropist" + ], + "it": [ + "misantropo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who dislikes people in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miser" + ], + "it": [ + "arpagone", + "avaro", + "petecchia", + "pezzente", + "spilorcio", + "taccagno", + "tignoso", + "tirchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stingy hoarder of money and possessions (often living miserably)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfit" + ], + "it": [ + "disadattato", + "sballato", + "spostato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone unable to adapt to their circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misleader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads astray (often deliberately)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misogamist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hates marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misogynist", + "woman hater" + ], + "it": [ + "misogino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a misanthrope who dislikes women in particular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missing link", + "ape-man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hypothetical organism formerly thought to be intermediate between apes and human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missionary", + "missioner" + ], + "it": [ + "missionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone sent on a mission--especially a religious or charitable mission to a foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "missus", + "missis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term of address for someone's wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistress" + ], + "it": [ + "principale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman master who directs the work of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistress", + "kept woman", + "fancy woman" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenuta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mixed-blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose ancestors belonged to two or more races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mnemonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in the use of mnemonics; someone able to perform unusual feats of memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British teenager or young adult in the 1960s; noted for their clothes consciousness and opposition to the rockers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "poser" + ], + "it": [ + "modella", + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who poses for a photographer or painter or sculptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "role model" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone worthy of imitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hero" + ], + "it": [ + "eroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ideal", + "paragon", + "nonpareil", + "saint", + "apotheosis", + "nonesuch", + "nonsuch" + ], + "it": [ + "modello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal" + ], + "it": [ + "modello di eccellenza e perfezione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "class act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shows impressive and stylish excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humdinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone of remarkable excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modeler", + "modeller" + ], + "it": [ + "modellatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who creates models" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderationist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderate drinker (as opposed to a total abstainer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who mediates disputes and attempts to avoid violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderator" + ], + "it": [ + "moderatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who presides over a forum or debate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in the Presbyterian church, the officer who presides over a synod or general assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modern" + ], + "it": [ + "moderno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contemporary person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernist" + ], + "it": [ + "modernista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who makes a deliberate break with previous styles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moderator who makes less extreme or uncompromising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mogul", + "Moghul" + ], + "it": [ + "mogol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Muslim dynasty that ruled India until 1857" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohammedan", + "Muhammedan", + "Muhammadan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Mohammed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molecular biologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies the structure and activity of macromolecules essential to life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molester" + ], + "it": [ + "molestatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who subjects others to unwanted or improper sexual activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moll", + "gun moll", + "gangster's moll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the girlfriend of a gangster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollycoddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pampered darling; an effeminate man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Buddhist people living in Myanmar and adjacent parts of Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monarchist", + "royalist" + ], + "it": [ + "monarchico", + "realista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of the principles of monarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monegasque", + "Monacan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Monaco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetarist" + ], + "it": [ + "monetarista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of the theory that economic fluctuations are caused by increases or decreases in the supply of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneygrubber" + ], + "it": [ + "mestierante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose main interest in life is moneymaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moneymaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is successful in accumulating wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mongoloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from Down syndrome (no longer used technically in this sense)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mongoloid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Mongoloid race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monogamist", + "monogynist" + ], + "it": [ + "monogamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices monogamy (one spouse at a time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monolingual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who knows only one language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainer who performs alone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monomaniac" + ], + "it": [ + "monomane", + "monomaniaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from monomania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monophysite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Monophysitism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopolist", + "monopolizer", + "monopoliser" + ], + "it": [ + "monopolista", + "monopolizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who monopolizes the means of producing or selling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monotheist" + ], + "it": [ + "monoteista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in one god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monsieur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English `Mr'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monsignor" + ], + "it": [ + "monsignore", + "Mons." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an ecclesiastical title of honor bestowed on some priests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monster", + "fiend", + "devil", + "demon", + "ogre" + ], + "it": [ + "demonio", + "diavolo", + "mostro", + "satanasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel wicked and inhuman person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moocher", + "mooch", + "cadger", + "scrounger" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiapane", + "mangiaufo", + "parasita", + "parassita", + "sbafatore", + "scroccatore", + "scroccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who mooches or cadges (tries to get something free)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moonie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an often derogatory term for a member of the Unification Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonlighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds a second job (usually after hours)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who uses a mop to clean a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moppet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a little girl (usually one you are fond of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralist" + ], + "it": [ + "moralista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who specializes in morals and moral problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morosoph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learned fool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morris dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does a morris dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortal enemy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enemy who wants to kill you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgagee", + "mortgage holder" + ], + "it": [ + "creditore ipotecario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who accepts a mortgage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgagor", + "mortgager" + ], + "it": [ + "debitore ipotecario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who gives a mortgage in return for money to be repaid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortician", + "undertaker", + "funeral undertaker", + "funeral director" + ], + "it": [ + "impresario di pompe funebri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose business is the management of funerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mossback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely old-fashioned conservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss-trooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marauder and plunderer (originally operating in the bogs between England and Scotland)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "most valuable player", + "MVP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the player judged to be the most important to the sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother", + "female parent" + ], + "it": [ + "madre", + "mamma", + "genitrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)" + ], + "it": [ + "donna che ha generato e partorito un figlio, considerata rispetto a quest’ultimo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term of address for a mother superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a term of address for an elderly woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who evokes the feelings usually reserved for a mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother hen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who cares for the needs of others (especially in an overprotective or interfering way)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "suocera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mother of your spouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother's boy", + "mamma's boy", + "mama's boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy excessively attached to his mother; lacking normal masculine interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother's daughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daughter who is favored by and similar to her mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother's son" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorcycle cop", + "motorcycle policeman", + "speed cop" + ], + "it": [ + "agente della stradale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policeman who rides a motorcycle (and who checks the speeds of motorists)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorcyclist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who rides a motorcycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorist", + "automobilist" + ], + "it": [ + "automobilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives (or travels in) an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the operator of streetcar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motormouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who talks incessantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mound Builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prehistoric Amerindians who built altar mounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountaineer", + "mountain climber" + ], + "it": [ + "alpinista", + "arrampicatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who climbs mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountebank", + "charlatan" + ], + "it": [ + "cantambanco", + "cantimbanco", + "ciarlatano", + "saltambanco", + "saltimbanco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mounter", + "climber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who ascends on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mounter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who mounts pictures or jewels etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourner", + "griever", + "sorrower", + "lamenter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is feeling grief (as grieving over someone who has died)" + ], + "it": [ + "chi piange un defunto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who is quiet or timid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ], + "it": [ + "bocca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person conceived as a consumer of food" + ], + "it": [ + "persona considerata come consumatore di cibo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouthpiece", + "mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spokesperson (as a lawyer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who moves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mover" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto al trasloco", + "traslocatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "workman employed by a moving company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moviegoer", + "motion-picture fan" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "frequentatore di cinema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who goes to see movies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muckraker", + "mudslinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who spreads real or alleged scandal about another (usually for political advantage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muezzin", + "muazzin", + "muadhdhin" + ], + "it": [ + "muezzin", + "muezzino", + "talacimanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Muslim official of a mosque who summons the faithful to prayer from a minaret five times a day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muffin man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly an itinerant peddler of muffins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mufti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a jurist who interprets Muslim religious law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muggee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victim of a mugging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a robber who takes property by threatening or performing violence on the person who is robbed (usually on the street)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mugwump", + "independent", + "fencesitter" + ], + "it": [ + "indipendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neutral or uncommitted person (especially in politics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mugwump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bolted from the Republican Party during the U.S. presidential election of 1884" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mujahid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim engaged in what he considers to be a jihad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mujtihad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic scholar who engages in ijtihad, the effort to derive rules of divine law from Muslim sacred texts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muleteer", + "mule skinner", + "mule driver", + "skinner" + ], + "it": [ + "mulattiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who drives mules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mullah", + "Mollah", + "Mulla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim trained in the doctrine and law of Islam; the head of a mosque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muncher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chewer who makes a munching noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muralist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of murals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murderee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a victim who is murdered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murderer", + "liquidator", + "manslayer" + ], + "it": [ + "assassino", + "omicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murderess" + ], + "it": [ + "assassina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman murderer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder suspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone suspected of committing murder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscleman", + "muscle" + ], + "it": [ + "scagnozzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bully employed as a thug or bodyguard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muser", + "muller", + "ponderer", + "ruminator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflective thinker characterized by quiet contemplation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who drives (or travels with) a dog team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music critic" + ], + "it": [ + "critico musicale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critic of musical performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musician" + ], + "it": [ + "musicista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "artist who composes or conducts music as a profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musician", + "instrumentalist", + "player" + ], + "it": [ + "strumentista", + "musicista", + "orchestrale", + "sonatore", + "strumentalista", + "suonatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession)" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcuno che suona uno strumento musicale (per mestiere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musicologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student of musicology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "music teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "musketeer" + ], + "it": [ + "moschettiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a foot soldier armed with a musket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muslimah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutant", + "mutation", + "variation", + "sport" + ], + "it": [ + "mutante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration" + ], + "it": [ + "un organismo le cui caratteristiche risultano da un'alterazione cromosomica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutilator", + "maimer", + "mangler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who mutilates or destroys or disfigures or cripples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is openly rebellious and refuses to obey authorities (especially seamen or soldiers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mute", + "deaf-mute", + "deaf-and-dumb person" + ], + "it": [ + "sordomuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deaf person who is unable to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutterer", + "mumbler", + "murmurer" + ], + "it": [ + "borbottone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who speaks softly and indistinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzhik", + "moujik", + "mujik", + "muzjik" + ], + "it": [ + "mugic", + "mugik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian peasant (especially prior to 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who muzzles animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mycenaen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of ancient Mycenae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycologist" + ], + "it": [ + "micetologo", + "micologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a botanist who specializes in the study of fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mycophagist", + "mycophage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or animal who eats fungi (especially mushrooms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myope" + ], + "it": [ + "ipometrope", + "miope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with myopia; a nearsighted person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrmidon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower who carries out orders without question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystic", + "religious mystic" + ], + "it": [ + "mistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes in the existence of realities beyond human comprehension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythologist" + ], + "it": [ + "mitografo", + "mitologista", + "mitologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert on mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nabob" + ], + "it": [ + "nababbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wealthy man (especially one who made his fortune in the Orient)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naive or inexperienced person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who attaches something by nailing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "namby-pamby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insipid weakling who is foolishly sentimental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "figure", + "public figure" + ], + "it": [ + "nome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-known or notable person" + ], + "it": [ + "persona eminente che eccelle in un determinato campo e gode di autoritá e prestiglio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name dropper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pretends that famous people are his/her friends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "namer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives a name or names" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "namesake" + ], + "it": [ + "omonimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with the same name as another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your grandmother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nanny", + "nursemaid", + "nurse" + ], + "it": [ + "baby sitter", + "babysitter", + "bambinaia", + "governante", + "nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is the custodian of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narc", + "nark", + "narcotics agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawman concerned with narcotics violations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcissist", + "narcist" + ], + "it": [ + "narcisista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone in love with themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcoleptic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has narcolepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nark", + "copper's nark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informer or spy working for the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrator", + "storyteller", + "teller" + ], + "it": [ + "in letteratura", + "narratore", + "raccontatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tells a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of national independence of or a strong national government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalist leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a nationalist movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone regarded as certain to succeed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalist", + "natural scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "naturalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist knowledgeable about natural history (especially botany and zoology)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturopath" + ], + "it": [ + "naturista", + "naturopata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who practices naturopathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nautch girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional dancing girl in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval attache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military attache who is a commissioned or warrant officer in a navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval commander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "naval officer in command of a fleet of warships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naval officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer in the navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in earlier times, a person who explored by ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigator" + ], + "it": [ + "navigatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the member of an aircrew who is responsible for the aircraft's course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navy SEAL", + "SEAL" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Naval Special Warfare unit who is trained for unconventional warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nawab", + "nabob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a governor in India during the Mogul empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lay person dedicated to religious work or the religious life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsessive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has obsessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsessive-compulsive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with obsessive-compulsive characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstructionist", + "obstructor", + "obstructer", + "resister", + "thwarter" + ], + "it": [ + "ostruzionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who systematically obstructs some action that others want to take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naysayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with an aggressively negative attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazarene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of Nazareth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazarene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early name for any Christian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazarene", + "Ebionite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of Jews who (during the early history of the Christian Church) accepted Jesus as the Messiah; they accepted the Gospel According to Matthew but rejected the Epistles of St. Paul and continued to follow Jewish law and celebrate Jewish holidays; they were later declared heretic by the Church of Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazi", + "German Nazi" + ], + "it": [ + "nazista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German member of Adolf Hitler's political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nazi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derogatory term for a person who is fanatically dedicated to, or seeks to control, some activity, practice, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neapolitan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Naples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nebbish", + "nebbech" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a timid unfortunate simpleton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necessitarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does not believe the doctrine of free will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lover who necks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necromancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices divination by conjuring up the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needleworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does work (as sewing or embroidery) with a needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negativist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who refuses to do what is asked or does the opposite of what is asked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglecter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is neglectful and gives little attention or respect to people or responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiator", + "negotiant", + "treater" + ], + "it": [ + "negoziatore", + "trattatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who negotiates (confers with others in order to reach a settlement)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiatress", + "negotiatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman negotiator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighbor", + "neighbour" + ], + "it": [ + "vicino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lives (or is located) near another" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che vive (o si trova) vicino ad un'altra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoclassicist" + ], + "it": [ + "neoclassicista", + "neoclassico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of neoclassicism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoconservative", + "neocon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conservative who subscribes to neoconservatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neoliberal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a liberal who subscribes to neoliberalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lexicographer of new words and expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neonate", + "newborn", + "newborn infant", + "newborn baby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baby from birth to four weeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neoplatonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Neoplatonism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephew" + ], + "it": [ + "nipote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a son of your brother or sister" + ], + "it": [ + "il figlio, la figlia del fratello o della sorella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nepotist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful person who shows favoritism to relatives or close friends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nerd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intelligent but single-minded expert in a particular technical field or profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Nestorius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurasthenic" + ], + "it": [ + "neurastenico", + "nevrastenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering a nervous breakdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurobiologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in neurobiology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurolinguist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained in neuroscience and linguistics who studies brain processes during language production and reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurologist", + "brain doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "neurologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical specialist in the nervous system and the disorders affecting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neuroscientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a neurobiologist who specializes in the study of the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurosurgeon", + "brain surgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "neurochirurgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does surgery on the nervous system (especially the brain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neurotic", + "psychoneurotic", + "mental case" + ], + "it": [ + "neurotico", + "nevrotico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from neurosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutral" + ], + "it": [ + "neutrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who does not side with any party in a war or dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralist" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of neutrality in international affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newcomer", + "fledgling", + "fledgeling", + "starter", + "neophyte", + "freshman", + "newbie", + "entrant" + ], + "it": [ + "neofita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any new participant in some activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newcomer" + ], + "it": [ + "nuovo arrivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recent arrival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of the economic policies in the United States known as the New Deal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Englander", + "Yankee" + ], + "it": [ + "yankee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who lives in New England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newlywed", + "honeymooner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone recently married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsagent", + "newsdealer", + "newsvendor", + "newsstand operator" + ], + "it": [ + "edicolante", + "edicolista", + "giornalaio", + "strillone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newscaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who broadcasts the news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the editor of a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper columnist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a columnist who writes for newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newspaper critic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a critic who writes a column for the newspapers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newsreader", + "news reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reads out broadcast news bulletin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newtonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Isaac Newton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Waver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a film maker who follows New Wave ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "next friend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person who acts on behalf of an infant or disabled person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "next of kin" + ], + "it": [ + "parente prossimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who is (or persons who are) most closely related to a given person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nibbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biter who takes dainty repeated bites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daughter of your brother or sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niggard", + "skinflint", + "scrooge", + "churl" + ], + "it": [ + "arpagone", + "avaro", + "pitocco", + "spilorcio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selfish person who is unwilling to give or spend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night owl", + "nighthawk", + "nightbird" + ], + "it": [ + "nottambulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who likes to be active late at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night porter" + ], + "it": [ + "portiere di notte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porter on duty during the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night rider", + "nightrider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of a secret mounted band in United States South after the American Civil War; committed acts of intimidation and revenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night watchman" + ], + "it": [ + "guardiano notturno", + "metronotte", + "sorvegliante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watchman who works during the night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nihilist" + ], + "it": [ + "nichilista", + "nihilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rejects all theories of morality or religious belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "NIMBY" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who objects to siting something in their own neighborhood but does not object to it being sited elsewhere; an acronym for not in my backyard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nincompoop", + "poop", + "ninny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stupid foolish person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ninja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the ninja who were trained in martial arts and hired for espionage or sabotage or assassinations; a person skilled in ninjutsu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "niqaabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observant Muslim woman who covers her face and hands when in public or in the presence of any man outside her immediate family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nisei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person born in the United States of parents who emigrated from Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitpicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes small and unjustified criticisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nobelist", + "Nobel Laureate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winner of a Nobel prize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "NOC" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undercover agent who is given no official cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nomad" + ], + "it": [ + "nomade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people who have no permanent home but move about according to the seasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who has adopted the doctrine of nominalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who proposes a candidate for appointment or election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonagenarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose age is in the nineties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noncandidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has announced they are not a candidate; especially a politician who has announced that he or she is not a candidate for some political office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noncombatant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the armed forces who does not participate in combat (e.g. a chaplain or surgeon)" + ], + "it": [ + "militare non combattente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noncommissioned officer", + "noncom", + "enlisted officer" + ], + "it": [ + "sottufficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military officer appointed from enlisted personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondescript" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person is not easily classified and not very interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nondriver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not a driver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonparticipant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does not participate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonpartisan", + "nonpartizan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is nonpartisan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonperson", + "unperson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person regarded as nonexistent and having no rights; a person whose existence is systematically ignored (especially for ideological or political reasons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonreader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who is very slow in learning to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonresident" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does not live in a particular place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-resistant", + "passive resister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reformer who believes in passive resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonsmoker" + ], + "it": [ + "non fumatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who does not smoke tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normalizer", + "normaliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who normalizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northern Baptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the American Baptist Convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northerner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of the North" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosher", + "snacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who eats lightly or eats snacks between meals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-show", + "nonattender", + "truant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shirks duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "no-show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guest who fails to notify a hotel or restaurant when canceling a reservation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notary", + "notary public" + ], + "it": [ + "notaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone legally empowered to witness signatures and certify a document's validity and to take depositions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noticer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives formal notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noticer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novelist" + ], + "it": [ + "romanzatore", + "romanziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who writes novels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novice", + "beginner", + "tyro", + "tiro", + "initiate" + ], + "it": [ + "apprendista", + "debuttante", + "esordiente", + "neofita", + "novellino", + "novizio", + "principiante", + "recluta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone new to a field or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novitiate", + "novice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has entered a religious order but has not taken final vows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nubian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Nubia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear chemist", + "radiochemist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemist who specializes in nuclear chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear physicist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physicist who specializes in nuclear physics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nude", + "nude person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naked person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who nudges; someone who gives a gentle push" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudist", + "naturist" + ], + "it": [ + "naturista", + "nudista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who practices nudity for reasons of health or religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudnik", + "nudnick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) someone who is a boring pest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of nullification; someone who believes that a state can resist federal laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nullipara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) a woman who has never give birth to a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number theorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician specializing in number theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in numerology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numen" + ], + "it": [ + "nume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirit believed to inhabit an object or preside over a place (especially in ancient Roman religion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Numidian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of ancient Numidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numismatist", + "numismatologist", + "coin collector" + ], + "it": [ + "numismatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collector and student of money (and coins in particular)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse" + ], + "it": [ + "infermiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who treats something carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursing aide", + "nurse's aide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assists a nurse in tasks that require little formal training" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse-midwife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a registered nurse who has received special training as a midwife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse practitioner", + "NP", + "nurse clinician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a registered nurse who has received special training and can perform many of the duties of a physician" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nun" + ], + "it": [ + "suora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman religious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuncio", + "papal nuncio" + ], + "it": [ + "nunzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a diplomatic representative of the Pope having ambassadorial status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nursling", + "nurseling", + "suckling" + ], + "it": [ + "lattante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant considered in relation to its nurse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutter", + "wacko", + "whacko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is regarded as eccentric or mad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymph", + "houri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voluptuously beautiful young woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymphet" + ], + "it": [ + "lolita", + "ninfetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexually attractive young woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nympholept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person seized by nympholepsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nymphomaniac", + "nympho" + ], + "it": [ + "ninfomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman with abnormal sexual desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oarsman", + "rower" + ], + "it": [ + "rematore", + "remigante", + "remigatore", + "vogatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rows a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oarswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman oarsman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliger", + "accommodator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs a service or does a favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oboist" + ], + "it": [ + "oboista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the oboe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscurantist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is deliberately vague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observer", + "commentator" + ], + "it": [ + "commentatore", + "opinionista", + "osservatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who observes and comments on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstetrician", + "accoucheur" + ], + "it": [ + "ostetrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician specializing in obstetrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occidental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native inhabitant of the Occident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a military force who is residing in a conquered foreign country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oceanographer" + ], + "it": [ + "oceanografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who studies physical and biological aspects of the seas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "octogenarian" + ], + "it": [ + "ottantenne", + "ottuagenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose age is in the eighties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occultist" + ], + "it": [ + "occultista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in occultism; someone versed in the occult arts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odalisque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman slave in a harem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odds-maker", + "handicapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sets the betting odds based on calculations of the outcome of a contest (especially a horse race)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poet who writes odes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine lover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a connoisseur of fine wines; a grape nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offerer", + "offeror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who presents something to another for acceptance or rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office-bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "office boy" + ], + "it": [ + "fattorino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young man who is employed to do odd jobs in a business office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officeholder", + "officer" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is appointed or elected to an office and who holds a position of trust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officer", + "ship's officer" + ], + "it": [ + "ufficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person authorized to serve in a position of authority on a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "official" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who administers the rules of a game or sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "official", + "functionary" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionario", + "magistrato", + "ufficiale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who holds or is invested with an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officiant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman who officiates at a religious ceremony or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal", + "Fed", + "federal official" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any federal law-enforcement officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Federal", + "Federal soldier", + "Union soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Union Army during the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agent", + "federal agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any agent or representative of a federal agency or bureau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offspring", + "progeny", + "issue" + ], + "it": [ + "discendenza", + "progenie", + "rampollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the immediate descendants of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viewer who gives a flirtatious or lewd look at another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who oils engines or machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who produces or sells petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilman" + ], + "it": [ + "petroliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owns or operates oil wells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who uses oil paints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil tycoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful person in the oil business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-age pensioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old person who receives an old-age pension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vivacious elderly man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a former male pupil of a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old boy", + "old man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a familiar term of address for a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "your own wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for your father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old man", + "greybeard", + "graybeard", + "Methuselah" + ], + "it": [ + "nonno", + "vecchio", + "anziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is very old" + ], + "it": [ + "persona in età avanzata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) boss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a great European painter prior to 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oldster", + "old person", + "senior citizen", + "golden ager" + ], + "it": [ + "anziano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elderly person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old-timer", + "oldtimer", + "gaffer", + "old geezer", + "antique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elderly man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "old woman" + ], + "it": [ + "vecchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oligarch" + ], + "it": [ + "oligarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the rulers in an oligarchy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olympian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who participates in the Olympic games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ombudsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government appointee who investigates complaints by private persons against the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "omnivore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who eats all kinds of foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oncologist" + ], + "it": [ + "cancerologo", + "oncologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in oncology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oneiromancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who divines through the interpretation of dreams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one of the boys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has been socially accepted into a group of other men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onlooker", + "looker-on" + ], + "it": [ + "curioso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who looks on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "onomancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices onomancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operagoer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patron of the opera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opera star", + "operatic star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singer of lead role in an opera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operator", + "manipulator" + ], + "it": [ + "manovratore", + "operatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent that operates some apparatus or machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operator" + ], + "it": [ + "operatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who owns or operates a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operator" + ], + "it": [ + "operatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speculator who trades aggressively on stock or commodity markets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ophthalmologist", + "eye doctor", + "oculist" + ], + "it": [ + "oculista", + "oftalmoiatra", + "oftalmologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opium addict", + "opium taker" + ], + "it": [ + "oppiomane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone addicted to opium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opportunist", + "self-seeker" + ], + "it": [ + "opportunista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who places expediency above principle" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che si adatta alle circostanze perseguendo il proprio interesse anche a scapito dei principi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opposition", + "opponent", + "opposite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant that you are matched against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppressor" + ], + "it": [ + "oppressore", + "soperchiatore", + "sopraffattore", + "soverchiatore", + "vessatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of authority who subjects others to undue pressures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optician", + "lens maker" + ], + "it": [ + "ottico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who makes glasses for remedying defects of vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimist" + ], + "it": [ + "ottimista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person disposed to take a favorable view of things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optometrist", + "oculist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in testing for defects of vision in order to prescribe corrective glasses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orangeman" + ], + "it": [ + "orangista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a society founded in Ireland in 1795 to uphold Protestantism and the British sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orator", + "speechmaker", + "rhetorician", + "public speaker", + "speechifier" + ], + "it": [ + "retore", + "oratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who delivers a speech or oration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arranger who writes for orchestras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleric who ordains; a cleric who admits someone to holy orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderer", + "systematizer", + "systematiser", + "systemizer", + "systemiser", + "systematist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organizer who puts things in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who places an order to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderly", + "hospital attendant" + ], + "it": [ + "inserviente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male hospital attendant who has general duties that do not involve the medical treatment of patients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderly" + ], + "it": [ + "attendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who serves as an attendant to a superior officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orderly sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first sergeant of a company; duties formerly included the conveyance of orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinand" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person being ordained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judge of a probate court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordinary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman appointed to prepare condemned prisoners for death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ donor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone from whom an organ is taken for transplantation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organ-grinder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "suonatore di organetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a street musician who plays a hand organ or hurdy-gurdy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organist" + ], + "it": [ + "organista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who plays an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organization man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who sacrifices his own individuality for the good of an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organizer", + "organiser", + "arranger" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who brings order and organization to an enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organizer", + "organiser", + "labor organizer" + ], + "it": [ + "sindacalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enlists workers to join a union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientalist" + ], + "it": [ + "orientalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in oriental subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originator", + "conceiver", + "mastermind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who creates new things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orleanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of the Orleans branch of the Bourbons that was descended from a younger brother of Louis XIV" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornithologist", + "bird watcher" + ], + "it": [ + "ornitologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan" + ], + "it": [ + "orfano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who has lost both parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone or something who lacks support or care or supervision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthodontist" + ], + "it": [ + "ortodontista", + "ortognatodontista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist specializing in the prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orthodox Jew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jew who practices strict observance of Mosaic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoepist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a practitioner of orthoepy (especially one of the 17th or 18th century scholars who proposed to reform English spelling so it would reflect pronunciation more closely)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthopedist", + "orthopaedist" + ], + "it": [ + "ortopedico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal system (especially in children)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthoptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in orthoptics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteologist", + "osteologer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anatomist who is skilled is osteology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osteopath", + "osteopathist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who manipulates the skeleton and muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostrich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who refuses to face reality or recognize the truth (a reference to the popular notion that the ostrich hides from danger by burying its head in the sand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostrogoth" + ], + "it": [ + "ostrogoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the eastern group of Goths who created a kingdom in northern Italy around 500 AD" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ouster", + "ejector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who ousts or supplants someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out-and-outer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is excellent at something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outcast", + "castaway", + "pariah", + "Ishmael" + ], + "it": [ + "dannato", + "emarginato", + "escluso", + "malvagio", + "paria", + "reietto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is rejected (from society or home)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outcaste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person belonging to no caste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdoorsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting or fishing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdoorswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting and fishing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fielder in cricket who is stationed in the outfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfielder" + ], + "it": [ + "esterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a person who plays in the outfield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right fielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays right field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right-handed pitcher", + "right-hander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a pitcher who throws with the right hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center fielder", + "centerfielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays center field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "left fielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays left field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells men's clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lives away from his place of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outpatient" + ], + "it": [ + "paziente esterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patient who does not reside in the hospital where he is being treated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrider" + ], + "it": [ + "battistrada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an escort who rides ahead (as a member of the vanguard)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant (human or animal) not considered to have a good chance to win" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overachiever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who attains higher standards than the IQ indicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlord", + "master", + "lord" + ], + "it": [ + "capo supremo", + "dominatore", + "padrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has general authority over others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overnighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guest who stays overnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overseer", + "superintendent" + ], + "it": [ + "capoccia", + "capoccio", + "soprintendente", + "sovrintendente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who directs and manages an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owner", + "proprietor" + ], + "it": [ + "padrona", + "padrone", + "proprietario", + "titolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owner", + "possessor" + ], + "it": [ + "possessore", + "proprietario", + "padrone", + "padrona", + "posseditore", + "titolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owns something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owner-driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a motorist who owns the car that he/she drives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owner-occupier" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an occupant who owns the home that he/she lives in" + ], + "it": [ + "proprietario della casa in cui abita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyabun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese supervisor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pachuco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Mexican-American teenager who belongs to a neighborhood gang and who dresses in showy clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacifist", + "pacificist", + "disarmer" + ], + "it": [ + "pacifista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone opposed to violence as a means of settling disputes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packer", + "bagger", + "boxer" + ], + "it": [ + "imballatore", + "confezionatore", + "incassatore", + "impaccatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman employed to pack things into containers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "packrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collector of miscellaneous useless objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employer who exploits Italian immigrants in the U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an owner or proprietor of an inn in Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pagan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who follows a polytheistic or pre-Christian religion (not a Christian or Muslim or Jew)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page", + "varlet" + ], + "it": [ + "paggio", + "valletto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in medieval times a youth acting as a knight's attendant as the first stage in training for knighthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a youthful attendant at official functions or ceremonies such as legislative functions and weddings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page", + "pageboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who is employed to run errands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain", + "pain in the neck", + "nuisance" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccabottoni", + "empiastro", + "gonfiatore", + "impiastro", + "importuno", + "martellatore", + "noia", + "ossessione", + "peste", + "piaga", + "piattola", + "rogna", + "rompicazzo", + "rompicoglioni", + "rompimento", + "rompiscatole", + "rompitasche", + "rottorio", + "scocciatore", + "seccatore", + "vescicante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bothersome annoying person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painter" + ], + "it": [ + "autore", + "pittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who paints" + ], + "it": [ + "artista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who is employed to cover objects with paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine", + "palsgrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the lord of a palatinate who exercised sovereign powers over his lands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various important officials in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paleo-American", + "Paleo-Amerind", + "Paleo-Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Paleo-American peoples who were the earliest human inhabitants of North America and South America during the late Pleistocene epoch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleographer", + "paleographist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archeologist skilled in paleography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paleontologist", + "palaeontologist", + "fossilist" + ], + "it": [ + "paleontologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in paleontology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pallbearer", + "bearer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the mourners carrying the coffin at a funeral" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che porta la bara" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palmist", + "palmister", + "chiromancer" + ], + "it": [ + "chiromante", + "pitonessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortuneteller who predicts your future by the lines on your palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pamperer", + "spoiler", + "coddler", + "mollycoddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pampers or spoils by excessive indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pamphleteer" + ], + "it": [ + "libellista", + "panflettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of pamphlets (usually taking a partisan stand on public issues)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panchen Lama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lama next in rank to the Dalai Lama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who serves or caters to the vulgar passions or plans of others (especially in order to make money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panelist", + "panellist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a panel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panhandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beggar who approaches strangers asking for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pansexual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who participates in (or is open to) sexual activities of many kinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pantheist" + ], + "it": [ + "panteista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes that God and the universe are the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paparazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a freelance photographer who pursues celebrities trying to take candid photographs of them to sell to newspapers or magazines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperboy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ragazzo dei giornali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who sells or delivers newspapers" + ], + "it": [ + "un ragazzo che vende o recapita giornali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperhanger", + "paperer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose occupation is decorating walls with wallpaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paperhanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who passes bad checks or counterfeit paper money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper-pusher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk or bureaucrat who does paperwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papoose", + "pappoose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American Indian infant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parachutist", + "parachuter", + "parachute jumper" + ], + "it": [ + "paracadutista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who jumps from aircraft using a parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragrapher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of paragraphs (as for publication on the editorial page of a newspaper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralegal", + "legal assistant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with specialized training who assists lawyers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralytic" + ], + "it": [ + "paralitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramedic", + "paramedical" + ], + "it": [ + "paramedico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person trained to assist medical professionals and to give emergency medical treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paranoid", + "paranoiac" + ], + "it": [ + "paranoico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with paranoia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraplegic" + ], + "it": [ + "paraplegico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has paraplegia (is paralyzed from the waist down)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraprofessional" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trained worker who is not a member of a profession but who assists a professional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parapsychologist" + ], + "it": [ + "parapsicologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who studies the evidence for such psychological phenomena as psychokinesis and telepathy and clairvoyance" + ], + "it": [ + "studioso della prapsicologia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paratrooper", + "para" + ], + "it": [ + "paracadutista", + "parà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in the paratroops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pardoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medieval cleric who raised money for the church by selling papal indulgences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pardoner", + "forgiver", + "excuser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pardons or forgives or excuses a fault or offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parent" + ], + "it": [ + "genitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian" + ], + "it": [ + "il padre o la madre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manicurist who trims the fingernails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paretic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with paresis (partial paralysis)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parishioner" + ], + "it": [ + "parrocchiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a parish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park commissioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioner in charge of public parks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parliamentarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in parliamentary rules and procedures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parliamentarian", + "Member of Parliament" + ], + "it": [ + "deputato", + "onorevole", + "parlamentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected member of the British Parliament: a member of the House of Commons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parliamentary agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is employed to look after the affairs of businesses that are affected by legislation of the British Parliament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlormaid", + "parlourmaid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maid in a private home whose duties are to care for the parlor and the table and to answer the door" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parodist", + "lampooner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mimics literary or musical style for comic effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parricide" + ], + "it": [ + "parricida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who kills his or her parent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a copycat who does not understand the words or acts being imitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parsee", + "Parsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a monotheistic sect of Zoroastrian origin; descended from the Persians; now found in western India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partaker", + "sharer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has or gives or receives a part or a share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "participant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes part in an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partisan", + "zealot", + "drumbeater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fervent and even militant proponent of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partitionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of partitioning a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partner" + ], + "it": [ + "collaboratore", + "collaboratrice", + "compagno", + "cooperatore", + "partner", + "socio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a member of a partnership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part-owner" + ], + "it": [ + "compadrone", + "comproprietario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owns something in common with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "part-timer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works less than the customary or standard time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party" + ], + "it": [ + "parte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person involved in legal proceedings" + ], + "it": [ + "soggetto di una procedura giudiziaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party boss", + "political boss", + "boss" + ], + "it": [ + "capopartito", + "leader politico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader in a political party who controls votes and dictates appointments" + ], + "it": [ + "ispiratore o fondatore di un partito politico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attractive young woman hired to attend parties and entertain men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partygoer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is attending a party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party man", + "party liner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a political party who follows strictly the party line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasha", + "pacha" + ], + "it": [ + "pascià" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil or military authority in Turkey or Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passenger", + "rider" + ], + "it": [ + "passeggero", + "viaggiatore", + "passeggiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler riding in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passer", + "forward passer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by throwing a forward pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who passes an examination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who passes as a member of a different ethnic or racial group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passerby", + "passer-by", + "passer" + ], + "it": [ + "passante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who passes by casually or by chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "passive source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informant who is not assigned to obtain specific intelligence but who routinely passes on whatever information he or she has" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who pastes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has long and thorough experience in a given activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "past master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who was formerly a master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pastry cook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chef who specializes in pastry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patentee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inventor to whom a patent is issued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal use of the Latin word for father; sometimes used by British schoolboys or used facetiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patient" + ], + "it": [ + "ammalato", + "assistito", + "cliente", + "degente", + "malato", + "paziente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who requires medical care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has the right to be considered legally a British citizen (by virtue of the birth of a parent or grandparent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is older and higher in rank than yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the early biblical characters regarded as fathers of the human race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarch", + "paterfamilias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male head of family or tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "title for the heads of the Eastern Orthodox Churches (in Istanbul and Alexandria and Moscow and Jerusalem)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of refined upbringing and manners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who murders their father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patriot", + "nationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "patriota", + "patriotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who loves and defends his or her country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patroller" + ], + "it": [ + "pattugliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone on patrol duty; an individual or a member of a group that patrols an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patron", + "frequenter" + ], + "it": [ + "cliente abituale", + "frequentatore", + "habitue'", + "cliente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patron", + "sponsor", + "supporter" + ], + "it": [ + "affermatore", + "assertore", + "fautore", + "paladino", + "protettore", + "sponsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supports or champions something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proprietor of an inn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patroness", + "patronne" + ], + "it": [ + "patronessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a patron or the wife of a patron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patron saint" + ], + "it": [ + "patrono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a saint who is considered to be a defender of some group or nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patternmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "modellista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes patterns (as for sewing or carpentry or metalworking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor chess player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pauper" + ], + "it": [ + "indigente", + "povero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is very poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pavement artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who draws on the pavement with colored chalks (hoping that passers-by will give them money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who handles or caresses in a clumsy or overfamiliar manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawnbroker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "prestatore su pegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lends money at interest in exchange for personal property that is deposited as security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payee" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficiario", + "destinatario", + "prenditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person to whom money is paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "payer", + "remunerator" + ], + "it": [ + "pagatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pays money for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paymaster" + ], + "it": [ + "pagatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in charge of paying wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacekeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who keeps peace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peacekeeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a military force that is assigned (often with international sanction) to preserve peace in a trouble area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young child who is small for his age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl diver", + "pearler" + ], + "it": [ + "pescatore di perle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diver who searches for molluscs containing pearls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peasant", + "provincial", + "bucolic" + ], + "it": [ + "campagnolo", + "provinciale", + "contadino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a country person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peasant", + "barbarian", + "boor", + "churl", + "Goth", + "tyke", + "tike" + ], + "it": [ + "becero", + "burino", + "buzzurro", + "cafone", + "contadino", + "ignorante", + "incivile", + "mal educato", + "maleducato", + "marrano", + "piazzaiolo", + "screanzato", + "sgarbato", + "sguaiato", + "villano", + "villanzone", + "zappaterra", + "zotico", + "zoticone", + "zulù", + "bifolco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crude uncouth ill-bred person lacking culture or refinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peasant" + ], + "it": [ + "burino", + "cafone", + "campagnolo", + "contadina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a (chiefly European) class of agricultural laborers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedaler", + "pedaller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rides a pedal-driven vehicle (as a bicycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedant", + "bookworm", + "scholastic" + ], + "it": [ + "pedante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pays more attention to formal rules and book learning than they merit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peddler", + "pedlar", + "packman", + "hawker", + "pitchman" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulante", + "venditore ambulante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels about selling his wares (as on the streets or at carnivals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pederast", + "paederast", + "child molester" + ], + "it": [ + "pederasta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who has sex (usually sodomy) with a boy as the passive partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedestrian", + "walker", + "footer" + ], + "it": [ + "camminatore", + "pedone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who travels by foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedodontist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist who specializes in the care of children's teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedophile", + "paedophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult who is sexually attracted to children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeler" + ], + "it": [ + "sbucciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who peels the skins from fruits and vegetables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peer" + ], + "it": [ + "pari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nobleman (duke or marquis or earl or viscount or baron) who is a member of the British peerage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peer of the realm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a peer who is entitled to sit in the House of Lords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thrower of missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pendragon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supreme war chief of the ancient Britons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intruder who passes into or through (often by overcoming resistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penitent" + ], + "it": [ + "penitente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a person who repents for wrongdoing (a Roman Catholic may be admitted to penance under the direction of a confessor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny pincher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is excessively careful with money (who pinches every penny before letting go of it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who studies the theory and practice of prison management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen pal", + "pen-friend" + ], + "it": [ + "amico di penna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person you come to know by frequent friendly correspondence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penpusher", + "pencil pusher" + ], + "it": [ + "mezza manica", + "mezzamanica", + "scribacchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk who does boring paperwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pensioner", + "pensionary" + ], + "it": [ + "pensionato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beneficiary of a pension fund" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pentathlete" + ], + "it": [ + "pentatleta", + "penthatleta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who competes in a pentathlon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pentecostal", + "Pentecostalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of a Pentecostal religious body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percussionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays percussion instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfectionist" + ], + "it": [ + "miniatore", + "perfezionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is displeased by anything that does not meet very high standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfecter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who perfects something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "performer", + "performing artist" + ], + "it": [ + "esecutore", + "interprete", + "artista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfumer" + ], + "it": [ + "profumiera", + "profumiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes (and sells) perfumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beautiful and graceful girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perinatologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an obstetrician specializing in perinatology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periodontist" + ], + "it": [ + "paradontologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist specializing in diseases of the gums and other structure surrounding the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peripatetic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who walks from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bounder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perjurer", + "false witness" + ], + "it": [ + "spergiuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who deliberately gives false testimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroxide blond", + "peroxide blonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blond whose hair is bleached with peroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetrator", + "culprit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who perpetrates wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peshmerga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Kurdish guerilla organization that fights for a free Kurdish state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personality" + ], + "it": [ + "personaggio", + "personalità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of considerable prominence" + ], + "it": [ + "persona importante, per fama, prestigio, autorità, che si distingue in un certo ambito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personal representative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who manages the affairs of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "another word for person; a person not meriting identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persona grata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat who is acceptable to the government to which he is sent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persona non grata" + ], + "it": [ + "persona non grata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat who is unacceptable to the government to which he is sent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who represents an abstract quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embodiment", + "incarnation", + "avatar" + ], + "it": [ + "incarnazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new personification of a familiar idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an embodiment of the qualities of a god" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perspirer", + "sweater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who perspires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persuader", + "inducer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to persuade or induce or lead on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervert", + "deviant", + "deviate", + "degenerate" + ], + "it": [ + "degenerato", + "depravato", + "pervertito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pessimist" + ], + "it": [ + "pessimista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who expects the worst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pest", + "blighter", + "cuss", + "pesterer", + "gadfly" + ], + "it": [ + "castigo", + "scocciatore", + "tormento", + "tipo palloso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistently annoying person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peter Pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boyish or immature man; after the boy in Barrie's play who never grows up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit bourgeois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the lower middle class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petitioner", + "suppliant", + "supplicant", + "requester" + ], + "it": [ + "supplicante", + "supplice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one praying humbly for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petit juror", + "petty juror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a petit jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petroleum geologist", + "oil geologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in petroleum geology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet sitter", + "critter sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone left in charge of pets while their owners are away from home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petter", + "fondler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lover who gently fondles and caresses the loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petty officer", + "PO", + "P.O." + ], + "it": [ + "sottufficiale", + "sottufficiale di marina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer in the Navy or Coast Guard with a rank comparable to sergeant in the Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pharaoh", + "Pharaoh of Egypt" + ], + "it": [ + "faraone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the title of the ancient Egyptian kings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pharisee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Jewish sect noted for strict obedience to Jewish traditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharisee" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchettone", + "baciapile", + "battipetto", + "beghino", + "bigotto", + "fariseo", + "picchiapetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a self-righteous or sanctimonious person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacist", + "druggist", + "chemist", + "apothecary", + "pill pusher", + "pill roller" + ], + "it": [ + "droghiere", + "farmacista", + "farmacopola", + "speziale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pharmacologist", + "pharmaceutical chemist" + ], + "it": [ + "farmacologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philanthropist", + "altruist" + ], + "it": [ + "altruista", + "filantropo", + "umanitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes charitable donations intended to increase human well-being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philatelist", + "stamp collector" + ], + "it": [ + "collezionista di francobolli", + "filatelico", + "filatelista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collector and student of postage stamps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philhellene", + "philhellenist", + "Graecophile" + ], + "it": [ + "filelleno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admirer of Greece and everything Greek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philippian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Philippi in ancient Macedonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philistine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an Aegean people who settled ancient Philistia around the 12th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philistine", + "anti-intellectual", + "lowbrow" + ], + "it": [ + "borghesuccio", + "filisteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philologist", + "philologue" + ], + "it": [ + "filologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humanist specializing in classical scholarship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philomath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lover of learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosopher" + ], + "it": [ + "filosofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in philosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosopher" + ], + "it": [ + "filosofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophizer", + "philosophiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who considers situations from a philosophical point of view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i91999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phlebotomist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices phlebotomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonetician" + ], + "it": [ + "fonetista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in phonetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phonologist" + ], + "it": [ + "fonologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in phonology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photographer", + "lensman" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes photographs professionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photographer's model" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a model who poses for photographers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photojournalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who presents a story primarily through the use of photographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photometrist", + "photometrician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices photometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrenologist", + "craniologist" + ], + "it": [ + "craniologo", + "frenologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who claims to be able to read your character from the shape of your skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phrygian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Phrygia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical therapist", + "physiotherapist" + ], + "it": [ + "fisioterapista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "therapist who treats injury or dysfunction with exercises and other physical treatments of the disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physicist" + ], + "it": [ + "fisico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist trained in physics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physiologist" + ], + "it": [ + "fisiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist specializing in physiology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phytochemist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemist who specializes in the chemistry of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pianist", + "piano player" + ], + "it": [ + "pianista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who plays the piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes pianos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piano teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches students to play the piano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickaninny", + "piccaninny", + "picaninny" + ], + "it": [ + "moretto", + "negretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ethnic slur) offensive term for a Black child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picker" + ], + "it": [ + "coglitore", + "raccoglitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gathers crops or fruits etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picker", + "chooser", + "selector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who chooses or selects out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a protester posted by a labor organization outside a place of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickpocket", + "cutpurse", + "dip" + ], + "it": [ + "borsaiolo", + "borseggiatore", + "scippatore", + "tagliaborse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who steals from the pockets or purses of others in public places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a casual acquaintance; often made in hope of sexual relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picnicker", + "picknicker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is picnicking" + ], + "it": [ + "chi partecipa a un picnic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pied piper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader who entices people to follow (especially to their doom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilgrim" + ], + "it": [ + "pellegrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who journeys in foreign lands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilgrim" + ], + "it": [ + "pellegrino", + "romeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who journeys to a sacred place as an act of religious devotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilgrim", + "Pilgrim Father" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the colonists from England who sailed to America on the Mayflower and founded the colony of Plymouth in New England in 1620" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a unpleasant or tiresome person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillar", + "mainstay" + ], + "it": [ + "pilastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prominent supporter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pill head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consumer of amphetamine pills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot", + "airplane pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "aeronauta", + "pilota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "pilota costiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person qualified to guide ships through difficult waters going into or out of a harbor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piltdown man", + "Piltdown hoax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supposedly primitive man later proven to be a hoax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pimp", + "procurer", + "panderer", + "pander", + "pandar", + "fancy man", + "ponce" + ], + "it": [ + "lenone", + "magnaccia", + "paraninfo", + "protettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who procures customers for whores (in England they call a pimp a ponce)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinchgut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a niggardly person who starves himself (and others)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a substitute for the regular batter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinko", + "pink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with mildly leftist political views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pioneer" + ], + "it": [ + "pioniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one the first colonists or settlers in a new territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pioneer", + "innovator", + "trailblazer", + "groundbreaker" + ], + "it": [ + "innovatore", + "novatore", + "pioniere", + "rinnovatore", + "rinnovellatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief piper in a band of bagpipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piper", + "bagpiper" + ], + "it": [ + "zampognaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the bagpipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe smoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smoker who uses a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pip-squeak", + "squirt", + "small fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is small and insignificant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirate", + "buccaneer", + "sea robber", + "sea rover" + ], + "it": [ + "bucaniere", + "corsaro", + "filibustiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea without having a commission from any sovereign nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pisser", + "urinator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who urinates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistoleer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone armed with a pistol (especially a soldier so armed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitcher", + "hurler", + "twirler" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who does the pitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitchman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aggressive salesman who uses a fast line of talk to sell something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pituitary dwarf", + "hypophysial dwarf", + "Levi-Lorrain dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwarf whose condition is caused by a deficiency of growth hormones, rather than by genetic factors (as in the case of the achondroplastic dwarf)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot", + "pivot man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in a rank around whom the others wheel and maneuver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place-kicker", + "placekicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a kicker who makes a place kick for a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placeman", + "placeseeker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disparaging term for an appointee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placer miner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miner who extracts minerals from a placer by washing or dredging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagiarist", + "plagiarizer", + "plagiariser", + "literary pirate", + "pirate" + ], + "it": [ + "plagiario", + "pirata", + "copiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses another person's words or ideas as if they were his own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plainclothesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detective who wears civilian clothes on duty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plainsman" + ], + "it": [ + "pianigiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of a plains region (especially the Great Plains of North America)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaintiff", + "complainant" + ], + "it": [ + "attore", + "citante", + "querelante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who brings an action in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plaits (hair or fabric etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planner", + "contriver", + "deviser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes plans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor situated in the audience whose acting is rehearsed but seems spontaneous to the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planter", + "plantation owner" + ], + "it": [ + "piantatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the owner or manager of a plantation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "planter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who puts or sets seeds or seedlings into the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasterer" + ], + "it": [ + "stuccatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker skilled in applying plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster saint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (considered to be) without human failings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platelayer", + "tracklayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who lays and repairs railroad tracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who coats articles with a film of metal (usually silver or gold)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platinum blond", + "platinum blonde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blond whose hair is a pale silvery (often artificially colored) blond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platitudinarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bore who makes excessive use of platitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platonist" + ], + "it": [ + "platonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Platonism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playboy", + "man-about-town", + "Corinthian" + ], + "it": [ + "playboy", + "vitaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man devoted to the pursuit of pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "player", + "participant" + ], + "it": [ + "giocatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who participates in or is skilled at some game" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che partecipa ad un gioco o è abile nel giocare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important participant (as in a business deal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pursues a number of different social and sexual partners simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playgoer", + "theatergoer", + "theatregoer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "appassionato di teatro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who attends the theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player in a team sport who leads attacks or maneuvers in such a way that a teammate can score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "playmate", + "playfellow" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "compagno di gioco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a companion at play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pleasing entertainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plebeian", + "pleb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the common people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone accepted for membership but not yet fully admitted to the group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledgee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone to whom a pledge is made or someone with whom something is deposited as a pledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or gives a pledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a volunteer who records (usually by telephone) contributions pledged in a fund drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plenipotentiary" + ], + "it": [ + "plenipotenziario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diplomat who is fully authorized to represent his or her government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plier", + "plyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plies a trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plodder", + "slowpoke", + "stick-in-the-mud", + "slowcoach" + ], + "it": [ + "lumaca", + "lumacone", + "marmotta", + "polenta", + "posapiano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who moves slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plodder", + "slogger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works slowly and monotonously for long hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plotter", + "mapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk who marks data on a chart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plowboy", + "ploughboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy who leads the animals that draw a plow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plowman", + "ploughman", + "plower" + ], + "it": [ + "aratore", + "fenditore", + "solcatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who plows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plowwright", + "ploughwright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who makes and repairs plows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumber", + "pipe fitter" + ], + "it": [ + "fontaniere", + "idraulico", + "trombaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who installs and repairs pipes and fixtures and appliances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunderer", + "pillager", + "looter", + "spoiler", + "despoiler", + "raider", + "freebooter" + ], + "it": [ + "saccheggiatore", + "predatore", + "spogliatore", + "predone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralist" + ], + "it": [ + "pluralista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes that distinct ethnic or cultural or religious groups can exist together in society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralist" + ], + "it": [ + "pluralista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who believes that no single explanation can account for all the phenomena of nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cleric who holds more than one benefice at a time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plutocrat" + ], + "it": [ + "plutocrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who exercises power by virtue of wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poacher" + ], + "it": [ + "bracconiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts or fishes illegally on the property of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poet" + ], + "it": [ + "cantore", + "musa", + "poeta", + "rimatore", + "verseggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poetess" + ], + "it": [ + "poetessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman poet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poet laureate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the poet officially appointed to the royal household in Great Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poet laureate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poet who is unofficially regarded as holding an honorary position in a particular group or region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poilu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French soldier (especially in World War I)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointillist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who uses the technique of pointillism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who goes ahead of a patrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is the forefront of an important enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pointsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policeman stationed at an intersection to direct traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is the forefront of an important enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poisoner" + ], + "it": [ + "attossicatore", + "avvelenatore", + "venefico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who kills with poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polemicist", + "polemist", + "polemic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who argues in opposition to others (especially in theology)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police commissioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a civil commissioner appointed to supervise the duties and discipline of the police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policeman", + "police officer", + "officer" + ], + "it": [ + "agente", + "agente di polizia", + "guardia", + "poliziotto", + "funzionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a police force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police matron", + "policewoman" + ], + "it": [ + "donna poliziotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "police sergeant", + "sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawman with the rank of sergeant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policyholder" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who holds an insurance policy; usually, the client in whose name an insurance policy is written" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "policy maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sets the plan pursued by a government or business etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political prisoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is imprisoned because of their political views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "political scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social scientist specializing in the study of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politician", + "politico", + "pol", + "political leader" + ], + "it": [ + "politico", + "uomo politico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person active in party politics" + ], + "it": [ + "persona attiva nella politica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politician" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità politica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader engaged in civil administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollster", + "poll taker", + "headcounter", + "canvasser" + ], + "it": [ + "intervistatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who conducts surveys of public opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polluter", + "defiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person or organization that causes pollution of the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poltroon", + "craven", + "recreant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an abject coward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polyandrist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman with two or more husbands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygamist" + ], + "it": [ + "poligamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is married to two or more people at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polygynist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man with two or more wives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polytheist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who believes in a plurality of gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone versed in pomology or someone who cultivates fruit trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ponce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is effeminate in his manner and fussy in the way he dresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontifex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the highest council of priests in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pooler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shares in and contributes to a general fund for use by all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shoots pool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor devil", + "wretch" + ], + "it": [ + "cencioso", + "disgraziato", + "meschino", + "miserabile", + "poveraccio", + "sfortunato", + "sventurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone you feel sorry for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poor person", + "have-not" + ], + "it": [ + "bisognoso", + "diseredato", + "oppresso", + "sfruttato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with few or no possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pope", + "Catholic Pope", + "Roman Catholic Pope", + "pontiff", + "Holy Father", + "Vicar of Christ", + "Bishop of Rome" + ], + "it": [ + "Santo Padre", + "papa", + "pontefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of the Roman Catholic Church" + ], + "it": [ + "il capo della chiesa cattolica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popinjay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vain and talkative person (chatters like a parrot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularizer", + "populariser", + "vulgarizer", + "vulgariser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes attractive to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pork butcher" + ], + "it": [ + "norcino", + "salsicciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vendor of pork and products made from pork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pornographer", + "porn merchant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "commerciante di pornografia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who presents shows or sells writing or pictures that are sexually explicit in violation of the community mores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porter", + "Pullman porter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "addetto ai vagoni letto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad employee who assists passengers (especially on sleeping cars)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porter" + ], + "it": [ + "facchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to carry luggage and supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portraitist", + "portrait painter", + "portrayer", + "limner" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrattista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter or drawer of portraits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portwatcher", + "port watcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a watchman on a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poseur", + "poser" + ], + "it": [ + "posatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who habitually pretends to be something he is not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poseuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman poseur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positivist", + "rationalist" + ], + "it": [ + "positivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who emphasizes observable facts and excludes metaphysical speculation about origins or ultimate causes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posseman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an able-bodied man serving as a member of a posse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an applicant who might be suitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postdiluvian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anything living after Noah's flood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postdoc", + "post doc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar or researcher who is involved in academic study beyond the level of a doctoral degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poster boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male poster child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poster child" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child afflicted by some disease or deformity whose picture is used on posters to raise money for charitable purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poster girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female poster child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmature infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infant born after 42 weeks of gestation; usually shows signs of placental insufficiency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assumes or takes something for granted as the basis of an argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) someone who proposes or pleads for a candidate for beatification or canonization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "posturer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who behaves in a manner calculated to impress or mislead others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private citizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a citizen who does not hold any official or public position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an applicant likely to be chosen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "problem solver", + "solver", + "convergent thinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thinker who focuses on the problem as stated and tries to synthesize information and knowledge to achieve a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pro-lifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of full legal protection for embryos and fetuses; someone opposed to legalized induced abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proprietress" + ], + "it": [ + "padrona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman proprietor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthetist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in prosthetics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosthodontist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dentist who is expert in prosthodontics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provincial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an official in charge of an ecclesiastical province acting under the superior general of a religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postal clerk", + "mail clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "impiegato delle poste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk in a post office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postilion", + "postillion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rides the near horse of a pair in order to guide the horses pulling a carriage (especially a carriage without a coachman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Postimpressionist", + "Post-impressionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist of the Postimpressionist school who revolted against Impressionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmaster" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "direttore di un ufficio postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in charge of a post office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmistress" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "direttrice di un ufficio postale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman postmaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmaster general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official in charge of the national postal service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one submitting a request or application especially one seeking admission into a religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potboy", + "potman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker in an inn or public house who serves customers and does various chores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who smokes marijuana habitually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potholer", + "spelunker", + "speleologist", + "spelaeologist" + ], + "it": [ + "speleologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who explores caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who hunts for food (not for sport)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who participates in contests in order to collect trophies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonprofessional archeologist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter", + "thrower", + "ceramicist", + "ceramist" + ], + "it": [ + "ceramista", + "figulinaio", + "figulo", + "vasaio", + "vasellaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who shapes pottery on a potter's wheel and bakes them it a kiln" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poultryman", + "poulterer" + ], + "it": [ + "pollaiolo", + "pollinaro", + "pollivendolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in poultry and poultry products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who applies or scatters powder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder monkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who carries explosives (as from the magazine to the guns on board a warship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one possessing or exercising power or influence or authority" + ], + "it": [ + "forza personificata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence" + ], + "it": [ + "autorità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one having power to influence another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moloch" + ], + "it": [ + "moloc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tyrannical power to be propitiated by human subservience or sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power broker", + "powerbroker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is important by virtue of the people or votes they control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powerhouse", + "human dynamo", + "ball of fire", + "fireball" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "persona molto dinamica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly energetic and indefatigable person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power user" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computing) a computer user who needs the fastest and most powerful computers available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power worker", + "power-station worker" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker at a power station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practitioner", + "practician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who practices a learned profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praetor", + "pretor" + ], + "it": [ + "pretore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annually elected magistrate of the ancient Roman Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Praetorian Guard", + "Praetorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Praetorian Guard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pragmatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes a practical approach to problems and is concerned primarily with the success or failure of her actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pragmatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of philosophical pragmatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prankster", + "cut-up", + "trickster", + "tricker", + "hoaxer", + "practical joker" + ], + "it": [ + "burlone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays practical jokes on others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prattler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who speaks in a childish way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prayer", + "supplicant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who prays to God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preacher", + "preacher man", + "sermonizer", + "sermoniser" + ], + "it": [ + "predicatore", + "pastore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is preaching the gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prebendary" + ], + "it": [ + "prebendario", + "prebendato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a canon who receives a prebend for serving the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preceptor", + "don" + ], + "it": [ + "docente universitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teacher at a university or college (especially at Cambridge or Oxford)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predecessor" + ], + "it": [ + "antecessore", + "predecessore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemptor", + "pre-emptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bidder in bridge who makes a preemptive bid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preemptor", + "pre-emptor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who acquires land by preemption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefect" + ], + "it": [ + "prefetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chief officer or chief magistrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pre-Raphaelite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter or writer dedicated to restoring early Renaissance ideals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premature baby", + "preterm baby", + "premature infant", + "preterm infant", + "preemie", + "premie" + ], + "it": [ + "prematuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant that is born prior to 37 weeks of gestation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presbyope" + ], + "it": [ + "presbite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with presbyopia; someone who is farsighted resulting from the progressive loss with aging of the elasticity of the crystalline lens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presbyter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elder in the Presbyterian Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presbyterian" + ], + "it": [ + "presbiteriano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Calvinism as taught in the Presbyterian Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preschooler", + "kindergartner", + "kindergartener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who attends a preschool or kindergarten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presenter", + "sponsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate who presents a person (as for an award or a degree or an introduction etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who presents a message of some sort (as a petition or an address or a check or a memorial etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presentist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theologian who believes that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (the Book of Revelation) are being fulfilled at the present time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preservationist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advocates the preservation of historical sites or endangered species or natural areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who keeps safe from harm or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cook who preserves fruits or meat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "president" + ], + "it": [ + "presidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief executive of a republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "President of the United States", + "United States President", + "President", + "Chief Executive" + ], + "it": [ + "Presidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "president" + ], + "it": [ + "presidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executive officer of a firm or corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "president", + "prexy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head administrative officer of a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "president", + "chairman", + "chairwoman", + "chair", + "chairperson" + ], + "it": [ + "presidente", + "presidentessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization" + ], + "it": [ + "colui che presiede i meetings di un' organizzazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presiding officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a group meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pre-Socratic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any philosopher who lived before Socrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press agent", + "publicity man", + "public relations man", + "PR man" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto stampa", + "press agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to arrange publicity (for a firm or a public figure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful newspaper proprietor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press photographer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photographer who works for a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pretender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a claimant to the throne or to the office of ruler (usually without just title)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preterist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a theologian who believes that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (the Book of Revelation) have already been fulfilled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevailing party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the party in a lawsuit who obtains a judgment in their own favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prey", + "quarry", + "target", + "fair game" + ], + "it": [ + "preda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priest" + ], + "it": [ + "presbitero", + "prete", + "sacerdote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priest", + "non-Christian priest" + ], + "it": [ + "sacerdote", + "prete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who performs religious duties and ceremonies in a non-Christian religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "priestess" + ], + "it": [ + "sacerdotessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman priest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prima ballerina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leading female ballet dancer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prima donna", + "diva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distinguished female operatic singer; a female operatic star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prima donna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vain and temperamental person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primary care physician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the physician who provides primary care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primigravida", + "gravida I" + ], + "it": [ + "primipara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) a woman who is pregnant for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primipara", + "para I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) woman who has been delivered of a child for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primordial dwarf", + "hypoplastic dwarf", + "true dwarf", + "normal dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an achondroplastic dwarf whose small size is the result of a genetic defect; body parts and mental and sexual development are normal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "primus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prince" + ], + "it": [ + "principe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the German princes who were entitled to vote in the election of new emperor of the Holy Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prince charming" + ], + "it": [ + "il principe azzurro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a suitor who fulfills the dreams of his beloved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prince consort" + ], + "it": [ + "principe consorte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prince who is the husband of a reigning female sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young prince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princeling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petty or insignificant prince who rules some unimportant principality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prince of Wales" + ], + "it": [ + "principe di Galles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male heir apparent of the British sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princess" + ], + "it": [ + "principessa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "princess royal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eldest daughter of a British sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal", + "dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the major party to a financial transaction at a stock exchange; buys and sells for his own account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal", + "school principal", + "head teacher", + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the educator who has executive authority for a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(criminal law) any person involved in a criminal offense, regardless of whether the person profits from such involvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "principal investigator", + "PI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scientist in charge of an experiment or research project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer", + "pressman" + ], + "it": [ + "poligrafico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printer's devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an apprentice in a printing establishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "printmaker", + "graphic artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who designs and makes prints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print seller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells etchings and engravings etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prior" + ], + "it": [ + "priore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a religious order; in an abbey the prior is next below the abbot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prisoner", + "captive" + ], + "it": [ + "carcerato", + "coatto", + "detenuto", + "forzato", + "prigioniero", + "recluso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prisoner of war", + "POW" + ], + "it": [ + "prigioniero di guerra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who surrenders to (or is taken by) the enemy in time of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private", + "buck private", + "common soldier" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "soldato semplice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted man of the lowest rank in the Army or Marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "private detective", + "PI", + "private eye", + "private investigator", + "operative", + "shamus", + "sherlock" + ], + "it": [ + "detective", + "detective privato", + "investigatore privato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who can be employed as a detective to collect information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privateer", + "privateersman" + ], + "it": [ + "corsaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer or crew member of a privateer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prizefighter", + "gladiator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probability theorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician who specializes in probability theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probationer", + "parolee" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "persona sottoposta a libertà vigilata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone released on probation or on parole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probationer", + "student nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse in training who is undergoing a trial period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probation officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the officer of the court who supervises probationers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "processor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who processes things (foods or photographs or applicants etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process-server" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who personally delivers a process (a writ compelling attendance in court) or court papers to the defendant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proconsul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a provincial governor of consular rank in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proconsul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official in a modern colony who has considerable administrative power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procrastinator", + "postponer", + "cunctator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who postpones work (especially out of laziness or habitual carelessness)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proctor", + "monitor" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supervises (an examination)" + ], + "it": [ + "chi sorveglia agli esami" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procurator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) someone employed by the Roman Emperor to manage finance and taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procurer", + "securer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who obtains or acquires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procuress" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzana", + "ruffiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman pimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prodigal", + "profligate", + "squanderer" + ], + "it": [ + "dilapidatore", + "dissipatore", + "scialacquatore", + "scialacquone", + "scialatore", + "scialone", + "sciupone", + "sperperatore", + "sprecone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recklessly extravagant consumer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prodigy" + ], + "it": [ + "prodigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusually gifted or intelligent (young) person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "producer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who finds financing for and supervises the making and presentation of a show (play or film or program or similar work)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional", + "professional person" + ], + "it": [ + "professionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person engaged in one of the learned professions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professional", + "pro" + ], + "it": [ + "professionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professor", + "prof" + ], + "it": [ + "cattedratico", + "docente", + "professore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profiteer" + ], + "it": [ + "affarista", + "pesce cane", + "pescecane", + "profittatore", + "speculatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes excessive profit (especially on goods in short supply)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells stock shares at a profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "programmer", + "computer programmer", + "coder", + "software engineer" + ], + "it": [ + "programmatore", + "programmatore di computer", + "esperto informatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who designs and writes and tests computer programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projectionist" + ], + "it": [ + "cabinista", + "proiezionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who operates the projector in a movie house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proletarian", + "prole", + "worker" + ], + "it": [ + "proletario", + "lavoratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the working class (not necessarily employed)" + ], + "it": [ + "membro della classe lavoratrice (non necessariamente occupato)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promisee" + ], + "it": [ + "promissario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person to whom a promise is made" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promiser", + "promisor" + ], + "it": [ + "promettente", + "promittente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes a promise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promoter", + "booster", + "plugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is an active supporter and advocate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompter", + "theater prompter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assists a performer by providing the next words of a forgotten speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promulgator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) one who promulgates laws (announces a law as a way of putting it into execution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proofreader", + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "correttore", + "correttore di bozze", + "emendatore", + "revisore", + "riveditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reads proof in order to find errors and mark corrections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagandist" + ], + "it": [ + "agit-prop", + "agitatore", + "divulgatore", + "propagandista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who disseminates messages calculated to assist some cause or some government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagator", + "disseminator" + ], + "it": [ + "propagatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spreads the news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who propagates plants (as under glass)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "property man", + "propman", + "property master" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzista", + "trovarobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of the stage crew in charge of properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophet", + "prophesier", + "oracle", + "seer", + "vaticinator" + ], + "it": [ + "indovino", + "necromante", + "negromante", + "profeta", + "sortilego", + "vate", + "vaticinatore", + "vaticino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authoritative person who divines the future" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophetess" + ], + "it": [ + "profetessa", + "veggente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophet" + ], + "it": [ + "profeta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who speaks by divine inspiration; someone who is an interpreter of the will of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposer", + "mover" + ], + "it": [ + "proponente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(parliamentary procedure) someone who makes a formal motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propositus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person immediately affected by or concerned with an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecutor", + "public prosecutor", + "prosecuting officer", + "prosecuting attorney" + ], + "it": [ + "accusatore", + "Pubblico Ministero", + "pm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state" + ], + "it": [ + "magistrato che rappresenta gli interessi dello stato nei processi penali e in alcune attività civili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proselyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new convert; especially a gentile converted to Judaism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prospector" + ], + "it": [ + "prospettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who explores an area for mineral deposits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostitute", + "cocotte", + "whore", + "harlot", + "bawd", + "tart", + "cyprian", + "fancy woman", + "working girl", + "sporting lady", + "lady of pleasure", + "woman of the street" + ], + "it": [ + "bagascia", + "baldracca", + "battona", + "meretrice", + "mignotta", + "paracula", + "prostituta", + "puttana", + "sgualdrina", + "troia", + "zambracca", + "zambraccola", + "zoccola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who engages in sexual intercourse for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protectionist" + ], + "it": [ + "protezionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of protectionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who receives support and protection from an influential patron who furthers the protege's career" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protegee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman protege" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protozoologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a zoologist who studies protozoans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who provides the means for subsistence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-ranking university administrator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provost marshal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the supervisor of the military police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prowler", + "sneak", + "stalker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who prowls or sneaks about; usually with unlawful intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proxy", + "placeholder", + "procurator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person authorized to act for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prude", + "puritan" + ], + "it": [ + "puritano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person excessively concerned about propriety and decorum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pruner", + "trimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who thins out and trims trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psalmist" + ], + "it": [ + "salmista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composer of sacred songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psephologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sociologist who studies election trends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pseudohermaphrodite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone having external genitalia of one sex and internal sex organs of the other sex; not a true hermaphrodite because there is no ambiguity in the sex of the external genitalia and hence no question about gender at birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychiatrist", + "head-shrinker", + "shrink" + ], + "it": [ + "psichiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in psychiatry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person apparently sensitive to things beyond the natural range of perception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit rapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who claims to receive messages from the dead in the form of raps on a table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psycholinguist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (usually a psychologist but sometimes a linguist) who studies the psychological basis of human language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychologist" + ], + "it": [ + "psicologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist trained in psychology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychophysicist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a psychologist trained in psychophysics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociopath", + "psychopath" + ], + "it": [ + "psicopatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with a sociopathic personality; a person with an antisocial personality disorder (`psychopath' was once widely used but has now been superseded by `sociopath')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychopomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conductor of souls to the afterworld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotherapist", + "clinical psychologist" + ], + "it": [ + "psicoterapeuta", + "psicoterapista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psychotic", + "psychotic person", + "psycho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person afflicted with psychosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pteridologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in the study of ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publican", + "tavern keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the keeper of a public house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public defender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawyer who represents indigent defendants at public expense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publicist", + "publicizer", + "publiciser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who publicizes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public relations person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to establish and promote a favorable relationship with the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "public servant" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "funzionario della pubblica amministrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds a government position (either by election or appointment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publisher" + ], + "it": [ + "editore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person engaged in publishing periodicals or books or music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publisher", + "newspaper publisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proprietor of a newspaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddler" + ], + "it": [ + "affinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who turns pig iron into wrought iron by puddling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short fat person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puerpera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman in childbirth or shortly thereafter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puller", + "tugger", + "dragger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pulls or tugs or drags in an effort to move something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who applies force so as to cause motion toward herself or himself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who delivers punches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punching bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person on whom another person vents their anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punk rocker", + "punk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teenager or young adult who is a performer (or enthusiast) of punk rock and a member of the punk youth subculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone overly fond of making puns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a person who kicks the football by dropping it from the hands and contacting it with the foot before it hits the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who propels a boat with a pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppet ruler", + "puppet leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader or ruler who is chosen by a despot to head a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppeteer" + ], + "it": [ + "burattinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who operates puppets or marionettes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puppy", + "pup" + ], + "it": [ + "cucciolo", + "sbarbatello", + "sbarbino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexperienced young person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchasing agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who purchases goods or services for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purist" + ], + "it": [ + "purista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who insists on great precision and correctness (especially in the use of words)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puritan" + ], + "it": [ + "puritano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who adheres to strict religious principles; someone opposed to sensual pleasures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puritan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purser" + ], + "it": [ + "commissario di bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer aboard a ship who keeps accounts and attends to the passengers' welfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursued", + "chased" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is being chased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursuer", + "chaser" + ], + "it": [ + "inseguitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is pursuing and trying to overtake or capture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursuer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pursues some plan or goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purveyor" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentarista", + "fornitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supplies provisions (especially food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pusher", + "shover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pusher", + "drug peddler", + "peddler", + "drug dealer", + "drug trafficker" + ], + "it": [ + "narcotrafficante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pusher", + "thruster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who intrudes or pushes himself forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pushover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is easily taken advantage of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pussycat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is regarded as easygoing and agreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golfer who is putting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putterer", + "potterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who putters about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a fool; an idiot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pygmy", + "Pigmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of various peoples having an average height of less than five feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy", + "pigmy" + ], + "it": [ + "pigmeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unusually small individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyrographer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who practices pyrography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyromancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices pyromancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "python" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soothsaying spirit or a person who is possessed by such a spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pythoness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witch with powers of divination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Islamic judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quack" + ], + "it": [ + "ciarlatano", + "dulcamara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadripara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) woman who has given birth to a viable infant in each of four pregnancies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadriplegic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is paralyzed in both arms and both legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruplet", + "quad" + ], + "it": [ + "gemello quadrigemino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four children born at the same time from the same pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaestor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several public officials of ancient Rome (usually in charge of finance and administration)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who drinks heartily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaker", + "trembler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who quakes and trembles with (or as with) fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who meets certain requirements and so qualifies to take part in the next stage of competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarreler", + "quarreller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputant who quarrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarryman", + "quarrier" + ], + "it": [ + "cavapietre", + "cavatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who works in a quarry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unspecified person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterback", + "signal caller", + "field general" + ], + "it": [ + "quarterback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the person who plays quarterback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartermaster" + ], + "it": [ + "furiere", + "quartiermastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an army officer who provides clothing and subsistence for troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quartermaster general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a staff officer in charge of supplies for a whole army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quebecois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Quebec (especially one who speaks French)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen", + "queen regnant", + "female monarch" + ], + "it": [ + "regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female sovereign ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sovereign ruler of England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ], + "it": [ + "regina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife or widow of a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen consort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a reigning king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen dowager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the widow of a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen mother" + ], + "it": [ + "regina madre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queen dowager who is mother of the reigning sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen regent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a queen who serves as ruler when the king cannot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Queen's Counsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a queen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question master", + "quizmaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the host or chairman of a radio or tv quiz show or panel game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quetzalcoatl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Aztec deity represented as a plumed serpent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quibbler", + "caviller", + "caviler", + "pettifogger" + ], + "it": [ + "cavillatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputant who quibbles; someone who raises annoying petty objections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick study", + "sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quietist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious mystic who follows quietism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintipara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(obstetrics) woman who has given birth to a viable infant in each of five pregnancies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintuplet", + "quint", + "quin" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of five children born at the same time from the same pregnancy" + ], + "it": [ + "uno di cinque gemelli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who gives up too easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quoter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a communicator (speaker or writer) who uses quotations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbi" + ], + "it": [ + "rabbi", + "rabbino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply Jewish law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racer", + "race driver", + "automobile driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives racing cars at high speeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racetrack tout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who offers advice about betting on horses (either to influence the odds or in the hope of sharing some of the winnings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racist", + "racialist" + ], + "it": [ + "razzista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with a prejudiced belief that one race is superior to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who puts pool or billiard balls into a rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racketeer" + ], + "it": [ + "camorrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who commits crimes for profit (especially one who obtains money by fraud or extortion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radical" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has radical ideas or opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio announcer" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciatore radiofonico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcer whose voice is broadcast on radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiobiologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies the effects of radiation on living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiographer" + ], + "it": [ + "radiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes radiographs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiologic technologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist trained in radiological technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiologist", + "radiotherapist" + ], + "it": [ + "radiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who operates a radio transmitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raftsman", + "raftman", + "rafter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels by raft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragamuffin", + "tatterdemalion" + ], + "it": [ + "straccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dirty shabbily clothed urchin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragpicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskilled person who picks up rags from trash cans and public dumps as a means of livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragsorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who sorts rags and old clothing for new uses (as in papermaking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan of racing who watches races from the outer rail of the track" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail-splitter", + "splitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who splits logs to build split-rail fences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Indian medicine man who attempt to make it rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "executive who is very successful in bringing in business to his company or firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bridge partner who increases the partner's bid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raja", + "rajah" + ], + "it": [ + "ragià", + "rajah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prince or king in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rajput", + "Rajpoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the dominant Hindu military caste in northern India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake", + "rakehell", + "profligate", + "rip", + "blood", + "roue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dissolute man in fashionable society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose speech or writing is not well organized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes long walks in the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harshly demanding overseer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rancher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owns or operates a ranch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranch hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired hand on a ranch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rani", + "ranee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(the feminine of raja) a Hindu princess or the wife of a raja" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted soldier who serves in the ranks of the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer who has been promoted from enlisted status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranter", + "raver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rants and raves; speaks in a violent or loud manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raper", + "rapist" + ], + "it": [ + "stupratore", + "violentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape suspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is suspected of committing rape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs rap music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapporteur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recorder appointed by a committee to prepare reports of the meetings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rare bird", + "rara avis" + ], + "it": [ + "fenice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rare or unique person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raskolnikov", + "Rodya Raskolnikov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fictional character in Dostoevsky's novel `Crime and Punishment'; he kills old women because he believes he is beyond the bounds of good or evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat-catcher", + "disinfestation officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman employed to destroy or drive away vermin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratepayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who pays local rates (especially a householder)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a rave dancing party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raw recruit" + ], + "it": [ + "marmittone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexperienced and untrained recruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactionary", + "ultraconservative", + "extreme right-winger" + ], + "it": [ + "codino", + "forcaiolo", + "legittimista", + "oscurantista", + "parruccone", + "passatista", + "reazionario", + "retrivo", + "retrogrado", + "vandeano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extreme conservative; an opponent of progress or liberalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "lettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys reading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who can read; a literate person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reading teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches students to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realist" + ], + "it": [ + "realista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a philosopher who believes that universals are real and exist independently of anyone thinking of them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realist" + ], + "it": [ + "realista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who represents the world realistically and not in an idealized or romantic style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who accepts the world as it literally is and deals with it accordingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "real estate broker", + "real estate agent", + "estate agent", + "land agent", + "house agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente immobiliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is authorized to act as an agent for the sale of land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Realtor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a real estate agent who is a member of the National Association of Realtors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear admiral" + ], + "it": [ + "contrammiraglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admiral junior to a vice admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reasoner", + "ratiocinator" + ], + "it": [ + "ragionatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reasons logically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebutter", + "disprover", + "refuter", + "confuter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a debater who refutes or disproves by offering contrary evidence or argument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receiver", + "pass receiver", + "pass catcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football player who catches (or is supposed to catch) a forward pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tennis player who receives the serve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receptionist" + ], + "it": [ + "receptionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secretary whose main duty is to answer the telephone and receive visitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recidivist", + "backslider", + "reversionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recidivist", + "repeater", + "habitual criminal" + ], + "it": [ + "recidivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recitalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who gives recitals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who recites from memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record-breaker", + "record-holder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who breaks a record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a barrister or solicitor who serves as part-time judge in towns or boroughs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recorder player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the recorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruit", + "enlistee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any new member or supporter (as in the armed forces)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruit", + "military recruit" + ], + "it": [ + "recluta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recently enlisted soldier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who enlists personnel for military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruiter" + ], + "it": [ + "ingaggiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supplies members or employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruiting-sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sergeant deputized to enlist recruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who corrects or sets right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redact", + "redactor", + "reviser", + "rewriter", + "rewrite man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porter who helps passengers with their baggage at a railroad station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redcap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the military police in Britain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeemer" + ], + "it": [ + "Gesù", + "Gesù di Nazareth", + "il Buon Pastore", + "il Figlio di Dio", + "il Nazareno", + "il Redentore", + "il Salvatore", + "Gesù Cristo", + "Cristo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who redeems or buys back (promissory notes or merchandise or commercial paper etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redhead", + "redheader", + "red-header", + "carrottop" + ], + "it": [ + "rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has red hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redneck", + "cracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poor White person in the southern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dancer of reels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reenactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enacts a role in an event that occurred earlier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose case has been referred to a specialist or professional group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referee", + "ref" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refiner" + ], + "it": [ + "raffinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose work is to refine a specific thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinisher", + "renovator", + "restorer", + "preserver" + ], + "it": [ + "restauratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who is employed to restore or refinish buildings or antique furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reformer", + "reformist", + "crusader", + "social reformer", + "meliorist" + ], + "it": [ + "riformatore", + "riformista", + "solone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disputant who advocates reform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reform Jew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liberal Jew who tries to adapt all aspects of Judaism to modern circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refugee" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoriuscito", + "fuoruscito", + "profugo", + "rifugiato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exile who flees for safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regent" + ], + "it": [ + "reggente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rules during the absence or incapacity or minority of the country's monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regent", + "trustee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "members of a governing board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regicide" + ], + "it": [ + "regicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who commits regicide; the killer of a king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registered nurse", + "RN" + ], + "it": [ + "infermiere diplomato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate nurse who has passed examinations for registration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is formally entered (along with others) in a register (and who obtains certain rights thereby)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registrar", + "record-keeper", + "recorder" + ], + "it": [ + "protocollista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone responsible for keeping records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registrar" + ], + "it": [ + "segretario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the administrator responsible for student records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "registrar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to keep a record of the owners of stocks and bonds issued by the company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Regius professor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holder of a British professorship created by a royal patron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular", + "habitue", + "fixture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regular patron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dependable follower (especially in party politics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regular" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier in the regular army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embodiment in a new form (especially the reappearance or a person in another form)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliever", + "relief pitcher", + "fireman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pitcher who does not start the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reliever", + "allayer", + "comforter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who reduces the intensity (e.g., of fears) and calms and pacifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a religious order who is bound by vows of poverty and chastity and obedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eremite" + ], + "it": [ + "eremita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian recluse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchorite", + "hermit" + ], + "it": [ + "anacoreta", + "contemplativo", + "eremita", + "romito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one retired from society for religious reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cenobite", + "coenobite" + ], + "it": [ + "cenobita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a religious order living in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "religious leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of a religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remittance man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exile living on money sent from home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remover" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "addetto ai traslochi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works for a company that moves furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Renaissance man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar during the Renaissance who (because knowledge was limited) could know almost everything about many topics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Renaissance man", + "generalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modern scholar who is in a position to acquire more than superficial knowledge about many different interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renegade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rebels and becomes an outlaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent collector" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "esattore dell'affitto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who goes from house to house collecting rents for the owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an owner of property who receives payment for its use by another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rentier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose income is from property rents or bond interest and other investments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repairman", + "maintenance man", + "service man" + ], + "it": [ + "racconciatore", + "riparatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker whose job is to repair things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repatriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has returned to the country of origin or whose citizenship has been restored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who repeats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reporter", + "newsman", + "newsperson" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondente", + "reporter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "newswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female newsperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repository", + "secretary" + ], + "it": [ + "depositario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person to whom a secret is entrusted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "representative" + ], + "it": [ + "agente", + "esponente", + "rappresentante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who represents others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprobate", + "miscreant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person without moral scruples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republican" + ], + "it": [ + "repubblicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Republican" + ], + "it": [ + "Repubblicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Republican Party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescuer", + "recoverer", + "saver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who saves something from danger or violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research director", + "director of research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supervisor in a research center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research worker", + "researcher", + "investigator" + ], + "it": [ + "ricercatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scientist who devotes himself to doing research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reservist" + ], + "it": [ + "riservista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a military reserve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resident", + "occupant", + "occupier" + ], + "it": [ + "residente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resident commissioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the representative of Puerto Rico in the United States House of Representatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respecter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who respects someone or something; usually used in the negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respondent", + "responder", + "answerer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who responds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respondent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the codefendant (especially in a divorce proceeding) who is accused of adultery with the corespondent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restaurateur", + "restauranter" + ], + "it": [ + "ristoratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proprietor of a restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrainer", + "controller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who directs and restrains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retailer", + "retail merchant" + ], + "it": [ + "dettagliante", + "mercante", + "minutante", + "rivenditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who sells goods at retail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retiree", + "retired person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has retired from active working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreatant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a participant in a religious retreat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "returning officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official in each electorate who holds the election and returns the results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reveler", + "reveller", + "merrymaker" + ], + "it": [ + "bisboccione", + "festaiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebrant who shares in a noisy party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drunken reveler", + "drunken reveller", + "bacchanal", + "bacchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in drinking bouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has returned from the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who returns after a lengthy absence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenuer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a government agent responsible for collecting revenue (especially one responsible for stopping bootlegging)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reversioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a party who is entitled to an estate in reversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reviewer", + "referee", + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "censore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revisionist" + ], + "it": [ + "revisionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Communist who tries to rewrite Marxism to justify a retreat from the revolutionary position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionist", + "revolutionary", + "subversive", + "subverter" + ], + "it": [ + "comunardo", + "eversore", + "rivoluzionario", + "sovversivo", + "sovvertitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical supporter of political or social revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering with rheumatism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rheumatologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodesian man", + "Homo rhodesiensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Homo rhodesiensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a primitive hominid resembling Neanderthal man but living in Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodes scholar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who holds one of the scholarships endowed by the will of Cecil J. Rhodes that enables the student to study at Oxford University" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhymer", + "rhymester", + "versifier", + "poetizer", + "poetiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who composes rhymes; a maker of poor verses (usually used as terms of contempt for minor or inferior poets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhythm and blues musician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer (and sometimes composer) of rhythm and blues music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ribald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ribald person; someone who uses vulgar and offensive language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richard Roe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown or fictitious party to legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rich person", + "wealthy person", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "creso", + "milionario", + "milord", + "nababbo", + "riccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who possesses great material wealth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "millionaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose material wealth is valued at more than a million dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billionaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very rich person whose material wealth is valued at more than a billion dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multi-billionaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very rich person whose material wealth is valued at many billions of dollars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rider" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalcatore", + "cavallerizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who actively rides a vehicle (as a bicycle or motorcycle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disreputable person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone lacking public esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riding master" + ], + "it": [ + "cavallerizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches horsemanship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riff", + "Riffian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Berber living in northern Morocco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifleman" + ], + "it": [ + "fuciliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier whose weapon is a rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifleman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in the use of a rifle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rigs ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigger", + "oil rigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works on an oil rig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right-hander", + "right hander", + "righthander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses the right hand more skillfully than the left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right-hand man", + "chief assistant", + "man Friday" + ], + "it": [ + "braccio destro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most helpful assistant" + ], + "it": [ + "il collaboratore più fidato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rightist", + "right-winger" + ], + "it": [ + "destrorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a right wing political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringer", + "dead ringer", + "clone" + ], + "it": [ + "copia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is almost identical to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman who holds up cards indicating the number of the next round at prize fights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringleader" + ], + "it": [ + "capobanda", + "caporione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who leads (especially in illicit activities)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ringmaster" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "direttore del circo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in charge of performances in a circus ring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rioter" + ], + "it": [ + "tumultuante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "troublemaker who participates in a violent disturbance of the peace; someone who rises up against the constituted authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a murderer who slashes the victims with a knife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rip van Winkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sleeps a lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rip van Winkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person oblivious to social changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rises (especially from bed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritualist" + ], + "it": [ + "ritualista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social anthropologist who is expert on rites and ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritualist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of strict observance of ritualistic forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rival", + "challenger", + "competitor", + "competition", + "contender" + ], + "it": [ + "rivale", + "antagonista", + "competitore", + "emulo", + "agonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contestant you hope to defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riveter", + "rivetter" + ], + "it": [ + "chiodatrice", + "ribattitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who inserts and hammers rivets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road builder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose business is to build roads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "road hog", + "roadhog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who obstructs others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roadman", + "road mender" + ], + "it": [ + "stradino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who is employed to repair roads" + ], + "it": [ + "operaio che lavora alla manutenzione delle strade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roarer", + "bawler", + "bellower", + "screamer", + "screecher", + "shouter", + "yeller" + ], + "it": [ + "urlatore", + "urlone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates vocally in a very loud voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cook who roasts food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a harsh or humorous critic (sometimes intended as a facetious compliment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robber" + ], + "it": [ + "brigante", + "grassatore", + "malandrino", + "rapinatore", + "svaligiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who steals from someone by threatening violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "robbery suspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone suspected of committing robbery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robert's Rules of Order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a book of rules for presiding over a meeting; written by Henry M. Martin in 1876 and subsequently updated through many editions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robin Hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legendary English outlaw of the 12th century; said to have robbed the rich to help the poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson Crusoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hero of Daniel Defoe's novel about a shipwrecked English sailor who survives on a small tropical island" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(figurative) someone who is strong and stable and dependable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock climber", + "cragsman" + ], + "it": [ + "rocciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a climber of vertical rock faces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teenager or young adult in the 1960s who wore leather jackets and rode motorcycles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker", + "rock 'n' roll musician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer or composer or fan of rock music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant who rocks a child in a cradle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket engineer", + "rocket scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer who builds and tests rockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clever thinker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famous singer of rock music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rogue", + "knave", + "rascal", + "rapscallion", + "scalawag", + "scallywag", + "varlet" + ], + "it": [ + "bandito", + "birba", + "birbante", + "birbantello", + "birbone", + "bricconcello", + "briccone", + "buona lana", + "buonalana", + "canaglia", + "delinquente", + "furfante", + "gaglioffo", + "malfattore", + "manigoldo", + "mascalzone", + "pellaccia", + "ribaldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roisterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially noisy and unrestrained merrymaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rollerblader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skater who uses Rollerblades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller-skater" + ], + "it": [ + "schettinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in roller skating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor", + "Emperor of Rome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sovereign of the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanov", + "Romanoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the imperial family that ruled Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romantic" + ], + "it": [ + "romantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soulful or amorous idealist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticist", + "romantic" + ], + "it": [ + "romantico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist of the Romantic Movement or someone influenced by Romanticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ardent male lover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who romps or frolics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roofer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who lays or repairs roofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "room clerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hotel clerk who is responsible for room assignments to guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roommate", + "roomie", + "roomy" + ], + "it": [ + "casigliano", + "coinquilino", + "condomino", + "compagno di stanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate who shares a room with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ropemaker", + "rope-maker", + "roper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who makes ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cowboy who uses a lasso to rope cattle or horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoy who lures customers into a gambling establishment (especially one with a fixed game)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ropewalker", + "ropedancer" + ], + "it": [ + "funambolo", + "funambulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acrobat who performs on a rope stretched at some height above the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosebud" + ], + "it": [ + "bocciolo di rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(a literary reference to) a pretty young girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosicrucian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a secret 17th-century society of philosophers and scholars versed in mystical and metaphysical and alchemical lore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rosicrucian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of any of various organizations that subsequently derived from the 17th-century society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rotarian" + ], + "it": [ + "rotariano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Rotary Club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotter", + "dirty dog", + "rat", + "skunk", + "stinker", + "stinkpot", + "bum", + "puke", + "crumb", + "lowlife", + "scum bag", + "so-and-so", + "git" + ], + "it": [ + "canaglia", + "carogna", + "fetente", + "puzzone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is deemed to be despicable or contemptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mountie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colloquial term for a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rough Rider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War (1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughrider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a horseman skilled at breaking wild horses to the saddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roundhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of parliament and Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brachycephalic person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roundsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman employed to make rounds (to deliver goods or make inspections or so on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "router" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who routes shipments for distribution and delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rover", + "scouter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult member of the Boy Scouts movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubberneck", + "rubbernecker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who stares inquisitively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruler", + "swayer" + ], + "it": [ + "governante", + "reggitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rules or commands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civil authority", + "civil officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who exercises authority over civilian affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynast" + ], + "it": [ + "dinasta", + "monarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hereditary ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rug merchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who sells rugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rumpelstiltskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dwarf in one of the fairy stories of the brothers Grimm; tells a woman he will not hold her to a promise if she can guess his name and when she discovers it he is so furious that he destroys himself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shylock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merciless usurer in a play by Shakespeare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumrunner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who illegally smuggles liquor across a border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is employed to deliver messages or documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels on foot by running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner" + ], + "it": [ + "corridore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trained athlete who competes in foot races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runner-up", + "second best" + ], + "it": [ + "secondo arrivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the competitor who finishes second" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running back" + ], + "it": [ + "mediano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a back on the offensive team (a fullback or halfback) who tries to advance the ball by carrying it on plays from the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "running mate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nominee for the lesser of two closely related political offices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "runt", + "shrimp", + "peewee", + "half-pint" + ], + "it": [ + "nanerottolo", + "omuncolo", + "tappo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disparaging terms for small people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruralist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of rural living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rushes; someone in a hurry; someone who acts precipitously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who migrates as part of a rush to a new gold field or a new territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by running with the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustic" + ], + "it": [ + "paesano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unsophisticated country person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustler", + "cattle thief" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ladro di bestiame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who steals livestock (especially cattle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabbatarian" + ], + "it": [ + "sabbatario", + "sabbateo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who observes Saturday as the Sabbath (as in Judaism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saboteur", + "wrecker", + "diversionist" + ], + "it": [ + "sabotatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who commits sabotage or deliberately causes wrecks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sachem", + "sagamore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chief of a North American tribe or confederation (especially an Algonquian chief)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sachem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political leader (especially of Tammany Hall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacred cow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person unreasonably held to be immune to criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrificer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious person who offers up a sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker and repairer and seller of equipment for horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sadducee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Jewish sect around the time of Jesus; opposed to the Pharisees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadhu", + "saddhu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Hinduism) an ascetic holy man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadist" + ], + "it": [ + "sadico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who obtains pleasure from inflicting pain or others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadomasochist" + ], + "it": [ + "sadomaso", + "sadomasochista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enjoys both sadism and masochism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safebreaker", + "safecracker", + "cracksman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who breaks open safes to steal valuable contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sage" + ], + "it": [ + "guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailing master", + "navigator" + ], + "it": [ + "navigatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ship's officer in charge of navigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of sails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailor", + "crewman" + ], + "it": [ + "marinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any member of a ship's crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saint", + "holy man", + "holy person", + "angel" + ], + "it": [ + "santo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person of exceptional holiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saint" + ], + "it": [ + "santo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona che è morta ed è stata canonizzata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salesclerk", + "shop clerk", + "clerk", + "shop assistant" + ], + "it": [ + "commesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salesperson in a store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salesgirl", + "saleswoman", + "saleslady" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentante di commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman salesperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salesman" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentante di commercio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man salesperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salesperson", + "sales representative", + "sales rep" + ], + "it": [ + "venditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person employed to represent a business and to sell its merchandise (as to customers in a store or to customers who are visited)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saloon keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the proprietor of a saloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salter", + "salt merchant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or deals in salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses salt to preserve meat or fish or other foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salutatorian", + "salutatory speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduating student with the second highest academic rank; may deliver the opening address at graduation exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvager", + "salvor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who salvages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samaritan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the people inhabiting Samaria in biblical times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samurai" + ], + "it": [ + "samurai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who deceives you about his true nature or intent in order to take advantage of you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandboy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young peddler of sand; used now only to express great happiness in `happy as a sandboy'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwichman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with advertising boards hanging from the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sangoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traditional Zulu healer and respected elder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sannup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a married male American Indian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sannyasi", + "sannyasin", + "sanyasi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hindu religious mendicant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Claus", + "Santa", + "Kriss Kringle", + "Father Christmas", + "Saint Nicholas", + "Saint Nick", + "St. Nick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the legendary patron saint of children; an imaginary being who is thought to bring presents to children at Christmas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tristan", + "Tristram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the nephew of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with his uncle's bride (Iseult) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iseult", + "Isolde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) the bride of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with the king's nephew (Tristan) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapper" + ], + "it": [ + "guastatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military engineer who does sapping (digging trenches or undermining fortifications)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military engineer who lays or detects and disarms mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saracen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(historically) a Muslim who opposed the Crusades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saracen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(historically) a member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saracen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(when used broadly) any Arab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sardinian" + ], + "it": [ + "sardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Sardinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sassenach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Scots' term for an English person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satanist", + "diabolist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Satan or Satanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite", + "planet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who follows or serves another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satirist", + "ironist", + "ridiculer" + ], + "it": [ + "ironista", + "satirico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satyr", + "lecher", + "lech", + "letch" + ], + "it": [ + "mandrillo", + "satiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "man with strong sexual desires" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satrap" + ], + "it": [ + "satrapa", + "satrapo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a governor of a province in ancient Persia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saunterer", + "stroller", + "ambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks at a leisurely pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savage", + "barbarian" + ], + "it": [ + "barbaro", + "selvaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an uncivilized people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saver" + ], + "it": [ + "economizzatore", + "risparmiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who saves (especially money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savior", + "saviour", + "rescuer", + "deliverer" + ], + "it": [ + "salvatore", + "soccorritore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rescues you from harm or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savoyard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who performs in the operettas of Gilbert and Sullivan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is employed to saw wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saxophonist", + "saxist" + ], + "it": [ + "sassofonista", + "saxofonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the saxophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scab", + "strikebreaker", + "blackleg", + "rat" + ], + "it": [ + "crumiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works (or provides workers) during a strike" + ], + "it": [ + "chi lavora durante uno sciopero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalawag", + "scallywag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white Southerner who supported Reconstruction policies after the American Civil War (usually for self-interest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys something and resells it at a price far above the initial cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scandalmonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who spreads malicious gossip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scanner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who scans verse to determine the number and prosodic value of the syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scapegoat", + "whipping boy" + ], + "it": [ + "capro espiatorio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is punished for the errors of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scapegrace", + "black sheep" + ], + "it": [ + "pecora nera", + "scapestrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reckless and unprincipled reprobate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scaramouch", + "Scaramouche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stock character in commedia dell'arte depicted as a boastful coward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaremonger", + "stirrer" + ], + "it": [ + "agitatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who spreads frightening rumors and stirs up trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatterbrain", + "forgetful person" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticone", + "distratto", + "sbadato", + "smemorato", + "stordito", + "sventato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flighty and disorganized person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenarist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of screenplays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter of theatrical scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sceneshifter", + "shifter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stagehand responsible for moving scenery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scene-stealer" + ], + "it": [ + "mattatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who draws more attention than other actors in the same scene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scenic artist", + "scene painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist specializing in scenic subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schemer", + "plotter" + ], + "it": [ + "manipolatore", + "orditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a planner who draws up a personal scheme of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizophrenic" + ], + "it": [ + "schizofrenico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is afflicted with schizophrenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlemiel", + "shlemiel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a dolt who is a habitual bungler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlepper", + "shlepper", + "schlep", + "shlep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) an awkward and stupid person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlimazel", + "shlimazel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a very unlucky or inept person who fails at everything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schlockmeister", + "shlockmeister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a merchant who deals in shoddy or inferior merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schmuck", + "shmuck", + "schmo", + "shmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a jerk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnook", + "shnook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a gullible simpleton more to be pitied than despised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnorrer", + "shnorrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a scrounger who takes advantage of the generosity of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholar", + "scholarly person", + "bookman", + "student" + ], + "it": [ + "dotto", + "erudito", + "letterato", + "studioso", + "studente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholar" + ], + "it": [ + "borsista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who holds a scholarship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scholastic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Scholastic philosopher or theologian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scholiast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar who writes explanatory notes on an author (especially an ancient commentator on a classical author)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolboy" + ], + "it": [ + "alunno", + "studente", + "scolaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boy attending school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolchild", + "school-age child", + "pupil" + ], + "it": [ + "allievo", + "scolaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young person attending school (up through senior high school)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolfriend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a friend who attends the same school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolgirl" + ], + "it": [ + "scolara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl attending school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schoolman", + "medieval Schoolman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar in one of the universities of the Middle Ages; versed in scholasticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolmarm", + "schoolma'am", + "schoolmistress", + "mistress" + ], + "it": [ + "didatta", + "insegnante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman schoolteacher (especially one regarded as strict)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolmaster" + ], + "it": [ + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person (or institution) who acts as an educator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolmate", + "classmate", + "schoolfellow", + "class fellow" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "compagno di scuola", + "compagno di classe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acquaintance that you go to school with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school superintendent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the superintendent of a school system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schoolteacher", + "school teacher" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnante", + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher in a school below the college level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "science teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "scienziato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scion" + ], + "it": [ + "rampollo", + "virgulto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a descendent or heir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoffer", + "flouter", + "mocker", + "jeerer" + ], + "it": [ + "canzonatore", + "corbellatore", + "derisore", + "dileggiatore", + "minchionatore", + "morditore", + "motteggiatore", + "sbeffeggiatore", + "schernitore", + "chi prende in giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who jeers or mocks or treats something with contempt or calls out in derision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoffer", + "gorger" + ], + "it": [ + "divoratore", + "ingordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who eats food rapidly and greedily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scofflaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who habitually ignores the law and does not answer court summonses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scold", + "scolder", + "nag", + "nagger", + "common scold" + ], + "it": [ + "barbogio", + "borbottone", + "brontolone", + "criticone", + "rintronato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (especially a woman) who annoys people by constantly finding fault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorekeeper", + "scorer" + ], + "it": [ + "segnapunti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who records the score during the progress of a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a logger who marks trees to be felled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorer" + ], + "it": [ + "marcatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a player who makes a score in a game or contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels widely and energetically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cleanses by scouring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scout", + "pathfinder", + "guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who can find paths through unexplored territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scout", + "talent scout" + ], + "it": [ + "talent scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to discover and recruit talented persons (especially in the worlds of entertainment or sports)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Boy Scout or Girl Scout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoutmaster" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of a troop of Scouts" + ], + "it": [ + "capogruppo dei boy-scout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrambler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid mover; someone who scrambles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a competitor who has withdrawn from competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who scratches to relieve an itch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who uses a tool for scratching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrawler", + "scribbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer whose handwriting is careless and hard to read" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen actor", + "movie actor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who plays a role in a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guard at an airport who checks passengers or their luggage at a security checkpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screenwriter", + "film writer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes screenplays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screwballer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a pitcher who throws screwballs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribe", + "scribbler", + "penman" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrattacarte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal terms for journalists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimshanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shirker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scriptwriter" + ], + "it": [ + "sceneggiatore", + "scriptwriter", + "soggettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who writes scripts for plays or movies or broadcast dramas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrubber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who uses a scrub brush to clean a surface (usually a floor or deck)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse who helps a surgeon prepare for surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrutinizer", + "scrutiniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a careful examiner; someone who inspects with great care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrutineer", + "canvasser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who examines votes at an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuba diver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underwater diver who uses scuba gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sculls (moves a long oar pivoted on the back of the boat to propel the boat forward)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kitchen servant employed to do menial tasks (especially washing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculptor", + "sculpturer", + "carver", + "statue maker" + ], + "it": [ + "scultore", + "statuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who creates sculptures" + ], + "it": [ + "artista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculptress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman sculptor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scythian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the ancient nomadic people inhabiting Scythia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea king" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Viking pirate chief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea lawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an argumentative and contentious seaman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who affixes a seal to a document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "searcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customs official whose job is to search baggage or goods or vehicles for contraband or dutiable items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sea Scout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Boy Scout enrolled in programs for water activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasonal worker", + "seasonal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who finds employment only in certain seasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seasoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cook who uses seasonings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secessionist" + ], + "it": [ + "secessionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of secessionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second" + ], + "it": [ + "padrino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second baseman", + "second sacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who plays second base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second cousin" + ], + "it": [ + "biscugino", + "cugino di secondo grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child of a first cousin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seconder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who endorses a motion or petition as a necessary preliminary to a discussion or vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second fiddle", + "second banana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who serves in a subordinate capacity or plays a secondary role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intermediate person; used in the phrase `at second hand'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-in-command" + ], + "it": [ + "vicecomandante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who relieves a commander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second lieutenant", + "2nd lieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "sottotenente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marine Corps holding the lowest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-rater", + "mediocrity" + ], + "it": [ + "brocco", + "mediocre", + "schiappa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of second-rate ability or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secret agent", + "intelligence officer", + "intelligence agent", + "operative" + ], + "it": [ + "agente segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person secretly employed in espionage for a government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretary", + "secretarial assistant" + ], + "it": [ + "segretario", + "segretaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant who handles correspondence and clerical work for a boss or an organization" + ], + "it": [ + "chi svolge incarichi di collaboratore di un dirigente, di un professionista ,di un'autorità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secretary" + ], + "it": [ + "segretario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is head of an administrative department of government" + ], + "it": [ + "responsabile di un dipartimento di una organizzazione pubblica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attorney General", + "United States Attorney General", + "US Attorney General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the position of secretary of the Justice Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Agriculture", + "Agriculture Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Agriculture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Commerce", + "Commerce Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Defense", + "Defense Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Defense Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Education", + "Education Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Energy", + "Energy Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Health and Human Services" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Health and Human Services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Housing and Urban Development" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Housing and Urban Development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Labor", + "Labor Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Labor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of State" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of State" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of the Interior", + "Interior Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Interior Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of the Treasury", + "Treasury Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Treasury Department" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Transportation", + "Transportation Secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary of Veterans Affairs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who holds the secretaryship of the Department of Veterans Affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Secretary General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is a chief administrator (as of the United Nations)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sectarian", + "sectary", + "sectarist" + ], + "it": [ + "settario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a sect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Section Eight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who received a Section Eight discharge as unfit for military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer assigned to a section gang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "section man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who teaches a section of a large college course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secularist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of secularism; someone who believes that religion should be excluded from government and education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secundigravida", + "gravida II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is pregnant for the second time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security consultant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adviser about alarm systems to prevent burglaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "security director" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head of a private security force working for a business or industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seducer", + "ladies' man", + "lady killer" + ], + "it": [ + "dongiovanni", + "donnaiolo", + "femminiere", + "seduttore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who takes advantage of women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seducer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bad person who entices others into error or wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seductress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who seduces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeded player", + "seed" + ], + "it": [ + "testa di serie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the outstanding players in a tournament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeder", + "cloud seeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seeds clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedsman", + "seedman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seeker", + "searcher", + "quester" + ], + "it": [ + "cercatore", + "ricercatore", + "chi cerca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone making a search or inquiry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an observer who perceives visually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is or has been segregated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregator", + "segregationist" + ], + "it": [ + "segregazionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes the races should be kept apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seismologist" + ], + "it": [ + "sismologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geophysicist who studies earthquakes and the mechanical characteristics of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selectman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected member of a board of officials who run New England towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selectwoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elected member of a board of officials who run New England towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selfish person" + ], + "it": [ + "egoista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is unusually selfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-starter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an energetic person with unusual initiative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seller", + "marketer", + "vender", + "vendor", + "trafficker" + ], + "it": [ + "trafficante", + "venditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who promotes or exchanges goods or services for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "selling agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells goods (on commission) for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semanticist", + "semiotician" + ], + "it": [ + "semantista", + "semasiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the study of meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semifinalist" + ], + "it": [ + "semifinalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four competitors remaining in a tournament by elimination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seminarian", + "seminarist" + ], + "it": [ + "chierico", + "seminarista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student at a seminary (especially a Roman Catholic seminary)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semiprofessional", + "semipro" + ], + "it": [ + "semiprofessionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays for pay on a part-time basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senator" + ], + "it": [ + "senatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a senate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sendee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the intended recipient of a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sender", + "transmitter" + ], + "it": [ + "mittente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who transmits a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senhor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Portuguese title of respect; equivalent to English `Mr'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior" + ], + "it": [ + "laureando", + "studente dell'ultimo anno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undergraduate student during the year preceding graduation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior chief petty officer", + "SCPO" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior noncommissioned officer in the Navy or Coast Guard with a rank comparable to master sergeant in the Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior master sergeant", + "SMSgt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a senior noncommissioned officer in the Air Force with a rank comparable to master sergeant in the Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senior vice president" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ranking vice president in a firm that has more than one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalist", + "romanticist" + ], + "it": [ + "romantico", + "sentimentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who indulges in excessive sentimentality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensationalist", + "ballyhoo artist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses exaggerated or lurid material in order to gain public attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separatist", + "separationist" + ], + "it": [ + "separatista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of secession or separation from a larger group (such as an established church or a national union)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sephardi", + "Sephardic Jew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jew who is of Spanish or Portuguese or North African descent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septuagenarian" + ], + "it": [ + "settuagenario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose age is in the seventies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serf", + "helot", + "villein" + ], + "it": [ + "servo della gleba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sergeant" + ], + "it": [ + "sergente", + "vicebrigadiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several noncommissioned officer ranks in the Army or Air Force or Marines ranking above a corporal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sergeant at arms", + "serjeant-at-arms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer (as of a legislature or court) who maintains order and executes commands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sergeant major", + "command sergeant major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer serving as chief administrative officer of a headquarters unit of the Army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serial killer", + "serial murderer" + ], + "it": [ + "serial killer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who murders more than three victims one at a time in a relatively short interval" + ], + "it": [ + "colui che commette una serie di omicidi utilizzando sempre le stesse modalità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spree killer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serial killer whose murders occur within a brief period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sericulturist" + ], + "it": [ + "bacologo", + "sericoltore", + "sericultore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a producer of raw silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serjeant-at-law", + "serjeant", + "sergeant-at-law", + "sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English barrister of the highest rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a medical scientist who specializes in serology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servant", + "retainer" + ], + "it": [ + "persona di servizio", + "inserviente", + "servitore", + "cameriere", + "famiglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)" + ], + "it": [ + "chi svolge su incarico lavori domestici" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servant girl", + "serving girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who is a servant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "server" + ], + "it": [ + "battitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(court games) the player who serves to start a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serviceman", + "military man", + "man", + "military personnel" + ], + "it": [ + "militare", + "uomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force" + ], + "it": [ + "componente di un esercito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "servitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who performs the duties of an attendant for someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settler", + "colonist" + ], + "it": [ + "colono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk in a betting shop who calculates the winnings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a negotiator who settles disputes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settlor", + "trustor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person who creates a trust by giving real or personal property in trust to a trustee for the benefit of a beneficiary; a person who gives such property is said to settle it on the trustee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewer" + ], + "it": [ + "cucitore", + "cucitrice", + "fogna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sewing-machine operator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sews by operating a sewing machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexagenarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose age is in the sixties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex kitten", + "sexpot", + "sex bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman who is thought to have sex appeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person regarded simply as an object of sexual gratification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex offender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has been convicted of a sex crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex symbol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (especially a celebrity) who is well-known for their sexual attractiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexton", + "sacristan" + ], + "it": [ + "sacrestano", + "sacrista", + "sagrestano", + "sagrista", + "scaccino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer of the church who is in charge of sacred objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inseparable companion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shah", + "Shah of Iran" + ], + "it": [ + "scià" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "title for the former hereditary monarch of Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaheed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arabic term for holy martyrs; applied by Palestinians to suicide bombers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of Christian group practicing celibacy and communal living and common possession of property and separation from the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaker", + "mover and shaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who wields power and influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shakespearian", + "Shakespearean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Shakespearean scholar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shanghaier", + "seizer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a kidnapper who drugs men and takes them for compulsory service aboard a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharecropper", + "cropper", + "sharecrop farmer" + ], + "it": [ + "mezzadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small farmers and tenants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is unusually skilled in certain ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is ruthless and greedy and dishonest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpshooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete noted for accurate aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult male who shaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shavian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admirer of G. B. Shaw or his works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled worker who shears the wool off of sheep or other animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who uses shears to cut leather or metal or textiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shedder", + "spiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attacker who sheds or spills blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "she-devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepherder", + "shepherd", + "sheepman" + ], + "it": [ + "pastore", + "pecoraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herder of sheep (on an open range); someone who keeps the sheep together in a flock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheepman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who raises (or tends) sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a docile and vulnerable person who would rather follow than make an independent decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheep" + ], + "it": [ + "buon uomo", + "buonuomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timid defenseless simpleton who is readily preyed upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shegetz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offensive term for non-Jewish young man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheik", + "tribal sheik", + "sheikh", + "tribal sheikh", + "Arab chief" + ], + "it": [ + "sceicco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leader of an Arab village or family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheika", + "sheikha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of a sheik" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who removes shells (as of peas or oysters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who puts things (as books) on shelves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) eldest son of Noah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd" + ], + "it": [ + "pastore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman who watches over a group of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherdess" + ], + "it": [ + "pastora", + "pastorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman shepherd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheriff" + ], + "it": [ + "sceriffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal law-enforcement officer in a county" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiksa", + "shikse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a derogatory term used by Jews to refer to non-Jewish women" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a decoy who acts as an enthusiastic customer in order to stimulate the participation of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who shingles roofs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship-breaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contractor who buys old ships and breaks them up for scrap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship broker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent for the ship owner; obtains cargo and may arrange for its loading or discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipbuilder", + "ship builder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "costruttore navale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who builds ships as a business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship chandler" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "società di forniture navali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in equipment and supplies for ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipmate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "compagno di bordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an associate on the same ship with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipowner" + ], + "it": [ + "armatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who owns a ship or a share in a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipper" + ], + "it": [ + "caricatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who ships goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente marittimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the agent of a shipowner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipping clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "addetto alle spedizioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who ships and receives goods" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegato che si occupa di tutte le fasi relative alla spedizione della merce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship's chandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in sails and ropes and other supplies for sailing ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwright", + "shipbuilder", + "ship builder" + ], + "it": [ + "carpentiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpenter who helps build and launch wooden vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirtmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "camiciaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a maker of shirts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shocker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shockingly bad person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shogun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hereditary military dictator of Japan; the shoguns ruled Japan until the revolution of 1867-68" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a Bantu tribe living in present-day Zimbabwe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoofly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undercover police officer who investigates other policemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) a player who drives or kicks a ball at the goal (or a basketball player who shoots at the basket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shooter", + "crap-shooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who throws dice in the game of craps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopaholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a compulsive shopper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop boy" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young male shop assistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young female shop assistant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopkeeper", + "tradesman", + "storekeeper", + "market keeper" + ], + "it": [ + "bottegaio", + "bottegante", + "commerciante", + "esercente", + "mercante", + "negoziante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who owns or manages a shop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who visits stores in search of articles to buy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shopper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commercial agent who shops at the competitor's store in order to compare their prices and merchandise with those of the store that employs her" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop steward", + "steward" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentante sindacale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union member who is elected to represent fellow workers in negotiating with management" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortstop" + ], + "it": [ + "interbase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who plays the shortstop position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot", + "shooter" + ], + "it": [ + "fucile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shoots (usually with respect to their ability to shoot)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gunman", + "gun" + ], + "it": [ + "sparatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shoots a gun (as regards their ability)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shot putter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who competes in the shot put" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoveler", + "shoveller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who shovels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showman", + "promoter", + "impresario" + ], + "it": [ + "impresario", + "produttore", + "produttore cinematografico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sponsor who books and stages public entertainments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "showman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled at making effective presentations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrew", + "termagant" + ], + "it": [ + "brontolona", + "megera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scolding nagging bad-tempered woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shudra", + "Sudra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the lowest or worker Hindu caste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks without raising the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the card player who shuffles the cards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutterbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a photography enthusiast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shy person", + "shrinking violet" + ], + "it": [ + "mammola", + "timido" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shrinks from familiarity with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shyster", + "pettifogger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (especially a lawyer or politician) who uses unscrupulous or unethical methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siamese twin", + "conjoined twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a pair of identical twins born with their bodies joined at some point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibling", + "sib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's brother or sister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) a woman who was regarded as an oracle or prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibyl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who tells fortunes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sick person", + "diseased person", + "sufferer" + ], + "it": [ + "ammalato", + "malato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from an illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Church of England) an assistant to the churchwarden; collects offerings of money in the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightreader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who reads without preparation or prior acquaintance (as in music)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightseer", + "excursionist", + "tripper", + "rubberneck" + ], + "it": [ + "gitante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tourist who is visiting sights of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signaler", + "signaller" + ], + "it": [ + "segnalatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates by signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signalman" + ], + "it": [ + "deviatore", + "segnalatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad employee in charge of signals and point in a railroad yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signer", + "signatory" + ], + "it": [ + "firmatario", + "segnatario", + "segnatore", + "sottoscrittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who signs and is bound by a document" + ], + "it": [ + "chi firma un documento e assume gli impegni in esso dichiarati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who can use sign language to communicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who paints signs and billboards etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signor", + "signior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used as an Italian courtesy title; can be prefixed to the name or used separately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian title of address equivalent to Mrs. when used before a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian title of respect for a man; equivalent to the English `sir'; used separately (not prefixed to his name)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signorina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian courtesy title for an unmarried woman; equivalent to `Miss', it is either used alone or before a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sikh" + ], + "it": [ + "sikh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of Sikhism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silent partner", + "sleeping partner" + ], + "it": [ + "socio inattivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partner (who usually provides capital) whose association with the enterprise is not public knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i92999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a word used for misbehaving children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silversmith", + "silverworker", + "silver-worker" + ], + "it": [ + "argentario", + "argentatore", + "argentiere", + "inargentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs articles of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addle-head", + "addlehead", + "loon", + "birdbrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with confused ideas; incapable of serious thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the 2nd son of Jacob and one of the 12 patriarchs of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simperer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smiler whose smile is silly and self-conscious and sometimes coy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simpleton", + "simple" + ], + "it": [ + "baccellone", + "baggiano", + "balordo", + "bambinone", + "bamboccio", + "bergolo", + "bietolone", + "bonaccione", + "ciarlone", + "credulone", + "giuggiolone", + "merlo", + "merlotto", + "pacioccone", + "pacione", + "pappalardo", + "pasticciano", + "pastricciano", + "semplice", + "semplicione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person lacking intelligence or common sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singer", + "vocalist", + "vocalizer", + "vocaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "cantante", + "cantatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinner", + "evildoer" + ], + "it": [ + "peccatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sins (without repenting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student of Chinese history and language and culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinker who sips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sir" + ], + "it": [ + "signore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term of address for a man" + ], + "it": [ + "persona di sesso maschile (con connotazione piú cortese rispetto a uomo)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sir" + ], + "it": [ + "baronetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title used before the name of knight or baronet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sirdar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important person in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a title of address formerly used for a man of rank and authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sea nymph (part woman and part bird) supposed to lure sailors to destruction on the rocks where the nymphs lived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sirrah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a contemptuous term of address to an inferior man or boy; often used in anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sister" + ], + "it": [ + "sorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female person who is a fellow member of a sorority or labor union or other group" + ], + "it": [ + "una donna che sia membro di un'associazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sister" + ], + "it": [ + "sorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a title given to a nun (and used as a form of address)" + ], + "it": [ + "il titolo dato ad una suora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beguine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a member of a lay sisterhood (one of several founded in the Netherlands in the 12th and 13th centuries); though not taking religious vows the sisters followed an austere life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sister", + "sis" + ], + "it": [ + "sorella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female person who has the same parents as another person" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona di sesso femminile che ha gli stessi genitori di un'altra persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half sister", + "half-sister", + "stepsister" + ], + "it": [ + "sorellastra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sister who has only one parent in common with you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sissy", + "pantywaist", + "pansy", + "milksop", + "Milquetoast" + ], + "it": [ + "femminuccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a timid man or boy considered childish or unassertive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waverer", + "vacillator", + "hesitator", + "hesitater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who hesitates (usually out of fear)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sister-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "cognata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sister of your spouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitar player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the sitar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism (person or animal) that sits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sitting duck", + "easy mark" + ], + "it": [ + "facile bersaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a defenseless victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "six-footer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is at least six feet tall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sixth-former" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student in the sixth form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skateboarder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who skates on a skateboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skater" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skeptic", + "sceptic", + "doubter" + ], + "it": [ + "scettico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who habitually doubts accepted beliefs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketcher" + ], + "it": [ + "bozzettista", + "disegnatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who draws sketches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skidder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who uses a skid to move logs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skidder", + "slider", + "slipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who slips or slides because of loss of traction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skier" + ], + "it": [ + "sciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skier who leaps through the air (especially on a ski jump)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rapid superficial reader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skinnerian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of the theories or methods of B. F. Skinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinny-dipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a naked swimmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirmisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who skirmishes (e.g., as a member of a scouting party)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skilled worker", + "trained worker", + "skilled workman" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore specializzato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who has acquired special skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin-diver", + "aquanaut" + ], + "it": [ + "sommozzatore", + "sub", + "subacqueo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an underwater swimmer equipped with a face mask and foot fins and either a snorkel or an air cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinhead" + ], + "it": [ + "naziskin", + "skinhead", + "testa rasata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young person who belongs to a British or American group that shave their heads and gather at rock concerts or engage in white supremacist demonstrations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who prepares or deals in animal skins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who fails to attend classes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skivvy", + "slavey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female domestic servant who does all kinds of menial work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skycap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a porter who helps passengers with their baggage at an airport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skydiver" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "paracadutista acrobatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who jumps from a plane and performs various gymnastic maneuvers before pulling the parachute cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slacker", + "shirker" + ], + "it": [ + "imboscato", + "lavativo", + "lazzarone", + "lazzerone", + "pelandrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who shirks his work or duty (especially one who tries to evade military service in wartime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who closes things violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slapper", + "spanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hitter who slaps (usually another person) with an open hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who slashes another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slattern", + "slut", + "slovenly woman", + "trollop" + ], + "it": [ + "sciattona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dirty untidy woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave" + ], + "it": [ + "schiavo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is owned by someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave", + "striver", + "hard worker" + ], + "it": [ + "grande lavoratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works as hard as a slave" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che lavora molto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone entirely dominated by some influence or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave driver" + ], + "it": [ + "aguzzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supervisor of slaves at work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave driver", + "Simon Legree" + ], + "it": [ + "negriere", + "negriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel employer who demands excessive work from the employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slaveholder", + "slave owner", + "slaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds slaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slaver", + "slave dealer", + "slave trader" + ], + "it": [ + "mercante di schiavi", + "negriere", + "negriero", + "schiavista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person engaged in slave trade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sledder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rides a sled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper", + "slumberer" + ], + "it": [ + "dormente", + "dormiente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rester who is sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected achiever of success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy or saboteur or terrorist planted in an enemy country who lives there as a law-abiding citizen until activated by a prearranged signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sleeping Beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fairy story: princess under an evil spell who could be awakened only by a prince's kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleeping beauty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is sleeping soundly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepwalker", + "somnambulist", + "noctambulist" + ], + "it": [ + "sonnambolo", + "sonnambulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks about in their sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepyhead" + ], + "it": [ + "dormiglione", + "marmotta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sleepy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleuth", + "sleuthhound" + ], + "it": [ + "bracco", + "segugio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a detective who follows a trail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a golfer whose shots typically curve right (for right-handed golfers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slicker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with good manners and stylish clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses a sling to throw something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young and slender person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slob", + "sloven", + "pig", + "slovenly person" + ], + "it": [ + "porcaccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse obnoxious person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloganeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who coins and uses slogans to promote a cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slopseller", + "slop-seller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in cheap ready-made clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an incompetent person; usually used in negative constructions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who slouches; someone with a drooping carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluggard", + "slug" + ], + "it": [ + "accidioso", + "infingardo", + "pigrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idle slothful person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small businessman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessman who runs a business employing less than 100 people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small-for-gestational-age infant", + "SGA infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an infant whose size and weight are considerably less than the average for babies of the same age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smallholder" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "piccolo proprietario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person owning or renting a smallholding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of below average size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farmer on a small farm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smarta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a group of brahmans who uphold nonsectarian orthodoxy according to the Vedanta school of Hinduism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smasher", + "stunner", + "knockout", + "beauty", + "ravisher", + "sweetheart", + "peach", + "lulu", + "looker", + "mantrap", + "dish" + ], + "it": [ + "bellezza", + "beltà", + "cannonata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very attractive or seductive looking woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smasher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who smashes something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who smiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smirker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a smiler whose smile is offensively self-satisfied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smith", + "metalworker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works metal (especially by hammering it when it is hot and malleable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smith" + ], + "it": [ + "magnano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works at something specified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoker", + "tobacco user" + ], + "it": [ + "fumatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who smokes tobacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothie", + "smoothy", + "sweet talker", + "charmer" + ], + "it": [ + "allettatore", + "ammaliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with an assured and ingratiating manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smuggler", + "runner", + "contrabandist", + "moon curser", + "moon-curser" + ], + "it": [ + "contrabbandiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who imports or exports without paying duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake charmer" + ], + "it": [ + "incantatore di serpenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who uses movements and music to control snakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake", + "snake in the grass" + ], + "it": [ + "serpe", + "serpente", + "vipera", + "aspide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deceitful or treacherous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snarer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sets snares for birds or small animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who grabs and runs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is regarded as underhanded and furtive and contemptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak thief", + "pilferer", + "snitcher" + ], + "it": [ + "ladruncolo", + "mariolo", + "fregarolo", + "rubacchiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thief who steals without using violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneerer", + "scorner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who expresses contempt by remarks or facial expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneezer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sneezes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sniffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniffler", + "sniveler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breathes audibly through a congested nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniper" + ], + "it": [ + "cecchino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a marksman who shoots at people from a concealed place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snob", + "prig", + "snot", + "snoot" + ], + "it": [ + "snob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person regarded as arrogant and annoying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snoop", + "snooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy who makes uninvited inquiries into the private affairs of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who snores while sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who expresses contempt or indignation by uttering a snorting sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowboarder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who slides down snow-covered slopes while standing on a snowboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffer", + "snuff user" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who uses snuff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who snuffs out candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who breathes noisily (as through a nose blocked by mucus)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sobersides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serious and sedate individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sob sister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who specializes in sentimental stories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soccer player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays soccer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social anthropologist", + "cultural anthropologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an anthropologist who studies such cultural phenomena as kinship systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social climber", + "climber" + ], + "it": [ + "arrampicatore", + "arrivista", + "social climber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone seeking social prominence by obsequious behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialist" + ], + "it": [ + "socialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a political advocate of socialism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collectivist", + "leftist", + "left-winger" + ], + "it": [ + "rosso", + "sinistroide", + "sinistrorso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who belongs to the political left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialite" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "persona mondana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a socially prominent person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socializer", + "socialiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who takes part in social activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social scientist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone expert in the study of human society and its personal relationships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social secretary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a personal secretary who handles your social correspondence and appointments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "social worker", + "caseworker", + "welfare worker" + ], + "it": [ + "assistente sociale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to provide social services (especially to the disadvantaged)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of the teachings of Socinus; a Christian who rejects the divinity of Christ and the Trinity and original sin; influenced the development of Unitarian theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociobiologist" + ], + "it": [ + "sociobiologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who studies the biological determinants of social behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociolinguist" + ], + "it": [ + "sociolinguista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a linguist who studies the social and cultural factors that influence linguistic communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sociologist" + ], + "it": [ + "sociologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a social scientist who studies the institutions and development of human society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal British term for a youth or man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soda jerk", + "soda jerker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who works at a soda fountain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a sodality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodomite", + "sodomist", + "sod", + "bugger" + ], + "it": [ + "gay", + "sodomita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in anal copulation (especially a male who engages in anal copulation with another male)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "softy", + "softie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is weak and excessively sentimental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sojourner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a temporary resident" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who joins or mends with solder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldier" + ], + "it": [ + "armato", + "militare", + "milite", + "soldato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitor" + ], + "it": [ + "avvocato", + "rappresentante legale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitor", + "canvasser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a petitioner who solicits contributions or trade or votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicitor general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a law officer appointed to assist an attorney general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soloist" + ], + "it": [ + "solista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who performs a solo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sommelier", + "wine waiter", + "wine steward" + ], + "it": [ + "sommelier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a waiter who manages wine service in a hotel or restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somniloquist" + ], + "it": [ + "sonniloquo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who talks while asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "son", + "boy" + ], + "it": [ + "figlio", + "figliolo", + "figliuolo", + "maschio", + "ragazzo", + "figlio maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male human offspring" + ], + "it": [ + "figlio di sesso maschile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "songster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "songstress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman songster (especially of popular songs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "songwriter", + "songster", + "ballad maker" + ], + "it": [ + "canzoniere", + "compositore di canzoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composer of words or music for popular songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "son-in-law" + ], + "it": [ + "genero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the husband of your daughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonneteer" + ], + "it": [ + "sonettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poet who writes sonnets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sophist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of Greek philosophers and teachers in the 5th century BC who speculated on a wide range of subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophisticate", + "man of the world" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worldly-wise person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophomore", + "soph" + ], + "it": [ + "fagiolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second-year undergraduate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soprano" + ], + "it": [ + "soprano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female singer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorcerer", + "magician", + "wizard", + "necromancer", + "thaumaturge", + "thaumaturgist" + ], + "it": [ + "affatturatore", + "fattucchiere", + "mago", + "stregone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices magic or sorcery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaman", + "priest-doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "sciamano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicine man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Native American shaman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorceress" + ], + "it": [ + "maga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman sorcerer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is peevish or disgruntled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sort" + ], + "it": [ + "categoria", + "razza", + "specie", + "stampo", + "tipo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of a particular character or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk who sorts things (as letters at the post office)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soubrette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pert or flirtatious young girl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul", + "psyche" + ], + "it": [ + "anima", + "psiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soul mate" + ], + "it": [ + "anima gemella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone for whom you have a deep affinity" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcuno con cui si ha una forte affinità, specialmente in amore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sounding board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose reactions to something serve as an indication of its acceptability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soundman" + ], + "it": [ + "fonico", + "sonorista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technician in charge of amplifying sound or producing sound effects (as for a TV or radio broadcast)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourdough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a settler or prospector (especially in western United States or northwest Canada and Alaska)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sourpuss", + "picklepuss", + "gloomy Gus", + "pouter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with a habitually sullen or gloomy expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southern Baptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Southern Baptist Convention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southerner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who lives in the South" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rebel", + "Reb", + "Johnny Reb", + "Johnny", + "greyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "`Johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `greyback' derived from their grey Confederate uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovereign", + "crowned head", + "monarch" + ], + "it": [ + "re", + "regnante", + "sovrano", + "monarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sower" + ], + "it": [ + "seminatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space cadet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who seems unable to respond appropriately to reality (as if under the influence of some narcotic drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacewalker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an astronaut who is active outside a spacecraft in outer space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space writer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer paid by the area of the copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spammer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sends unwanted email (often in bulk)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish American", + "Hispanic American", + "Hispanic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American whose first language is Spanish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who refrains from injuring or destroying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparring partner", + "sparring mate" + ], + "it": [ + "sparring partner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a boxer who spars with another boxer who is training for an important fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spastic" + ], + "it": [ + "spastico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from spastic paralysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speaker", + "talker", + "utterer", + "verbalizer", + "verbaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "oratore", + "parlante", + "parlatore", + "chi parla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker of a particular language who has spoken that language since earliest childhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads or initiates an activity (attack or campaign etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speechwriter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who composes speeches for others to deliver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "special agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente speciale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose authority is limited to the special undertaking they have been instructed to perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialist", + "specializer", + "specialiser" + ], + "it": [ + "specialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who is devoted to one occupation or branch of learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialist", + "medical specialist" + ], + "it": [ + "specialista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practices one branch of medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who draws up specifications giving details (as for obtaining a patent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectator", + "witness", + "viewer", + "watcher", + "looker" + ], + "it": [ + "spettatore", + "testimone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculator", + "plunger" + ], + "it": [ + "borsista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who risks losses for the possibility of considerable gains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes conjectures without knowing the facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech therapist" + ], + "it": [ + "logopedista", + "logoterapeuta", + "logoterapista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a therapist who treats speech defects and disorders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speeder", + "speed demon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who exceeds the safe speed limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed freak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "addict who habitually uses stimulant drugs (especially amphetamines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speedskater", + "speed skater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ice-skater who races competitively; usually around an oval course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spellbinder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an orator who can hold his listeners spellbound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speller", + "good speller", + "poor speller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spells words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spender", + "disburser", + "expender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spends money to purchase goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spendthrift", + "spend-all", + "spender", + "scattergood" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalletta", + "dissipatore", + "scialone", + "sciupone", + "spendaccione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spends money prodigally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big spender", + "high roller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who spends lavishly and ostentatiously on entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphinx" + ], + "it": [ + "sfinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spindlelegs", + "spindleshanks" + ], + "it": [ + "lungone", + "perticone", + "spilungone", + "stanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin person with long thin legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin doctor", + "spinmeister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a public relations person who tries to forestall negative publicity by publicizing a favorable interpretation of the words or actions of a company or political party or famous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinner", + "spinster", + "thread maker" + ], + "it": [ + "filatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spins (who twists fibers into threads)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinster", + "old maid" + ], + "it": [ + "vecchia zitella", + "zitella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elderly unmarried woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit" + ], + "it": [ + "spirito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vital principle or animating force within living things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a highly emotional and quick-tempered person (especially a girl or woman)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spitter", + "expectorator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who spits (ejects saliva or phlegm from the mouth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiv" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person without employment who makes money by various dubious schemes; goes about smartly dressed and having a good time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who splices ropes together by interweaving strands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woodworker who joins pieces of wood with a splice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "split end" + ], + "it": [ + "split end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) an offensive end who lines up at a distance from the other linemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splitter", + "divider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taxonomist who classifies organisms into many groups on the basis of relatively minor characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who splits fish and removes the backbone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candidate with no chance of winning but who may draw enough votes to prevent one of the leading candidates from winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoilsport", + "killjoy", + "wet blanket", + "party pooper" + ], + "it": [ + "guastafeste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who spoils the pleasure of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spokesman" + ], + "it": [ + "portavoce", + "relatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male spokesperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spokesperson", + "interpreter", + "representative", + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "deputato", + "esponente", + "incaricato", + "portavoce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spokeswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female spokesperson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman employed to collect sponges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport", + "sportsman", + "sportswoman" + ], + "it": [ + "sportivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in sports" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che suole praticare sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person known for the way she (or he) behaves when teased or defeated or subjected to trying circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport", + "summercater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Maine colloquial) a temporary summer resident of Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporting man", + "outdoor man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enjoys outdoor activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporting man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads a merry existence; especially a gambler on the outcome of sporting events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports announcer", + "sportscaster", + "sports commentator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcer who reads sports news or describes sporting events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports editor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the newspaper editor responsible for sports news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports fan", + "fan", + "rooter" + ], + "it": [ + "tifoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enthusiastic devotee of sports" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenitore di uno sportivo o di una squadra sportiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sports writer", + "sportswriter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who writes about sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker employed to apply spots (as markers or identifiers)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker employed at a dry-cleaning establishment to remove spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot-welder", + "spot welder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a welder who does spot welding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spouse", + "partner", + "married person", + "mate", + "better half" + ], + "it": [ + "coniuge", + "consorte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person's partner in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sprawls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprayer" + ], + "it": [ + "irroratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who applies spray to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a new military recruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinter" + ], + "it": [ + "scattista", + "sprinter", + "velocista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who runs a short distance at top speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rejects (someone or something) with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy", + "undercover agent" + ], + "it": [ + "spia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a secret agent hired by a state to obtain information about its enemies or by a business to obtain industrial secrets from competitors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secret watcher; someone who secretly watches other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spymaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who directs clandestine intelligence activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squabbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who quarrels about a small matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who does square dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square shooter", + "straight shooter", + "straight arrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a frank and honest person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square", + "square toes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a formal and conservative person with old-fashioned views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square", + "lame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who doesn't understand what is going on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squatter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "occupante abusivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who settles on land without right or title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squatter", + "homesteader", + "nester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American Indian woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squaw man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a white man married to a North American Indian woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a person's girlfriend or boyfriend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squinter", + "squint-eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with strabismus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English country landowner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squire" + ], + "it": [ + "scudiero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young nobleman attendant on a knight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squire", + "gallant" + ], + "it": [ + "cicisbeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who attends or escorts a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabber" + ], + "it": [ + "accoltellatore", + "pugnalatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who stabs another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stableman", + "stableboy", + "groom", + "hostler", + "ostler" + ], + "it": [ + "garzone di stalla", + "staffiere", + "stalliere", + "stallino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed in a stable to take care of the horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who builds up a stack or pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff member", + "staffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who is a member of a staff of workers (especially a member of the staff that works for the President of the United States)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer assigned to a military commander's staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer ranking above corporal and below sergeant first class in the Army or Marines or above airman 1st class in the Air Force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage director" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a stage show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagehand", + "stage technician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a theater who performs work involved in putting on a theatrical production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage manager", + "stager" + ], + "it": [ + "direttore di scena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who supervises the physical aspects in the production of a show and who is in charge of the stage when the show is being performed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staggerer", + "totterer", + "reeler" + ], + "it": [ + "ciampicone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks unsteadily as if about to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who stains (wood or fabric)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stakeholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone entrusted to hold the stakes for two or more persons betting against one another; must deliver the stakes to the winner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stalinist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Stalin and Stalinism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who stalks game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks with long stiff strides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalking-horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candidate put forward to divide the Opposition or to mask the true candidate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stammerer", + "stutterer" + ], + "it": [ + "balbuziente", + "ciangottone", + "tartaglia", + "tartaglione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who speaks with involuntary pauses and repetitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamper", + "stomper", + "tramper", + "trampler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks with a heavy noisy gait or who stamps on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman whose job is to form or cut out by applying a mold or die (either by hand or by operating a stamping machine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in stamps (whose customers are stamp collectors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standard-bearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding leader of a political movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standardizer", + "standardiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sets a standard for things to conform to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who stands in a place where one might otherwise sit (as a spectator who uses standing room in a theater or a passenger on a crowded bus or train)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism (person or animal) that stands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand-in", + "substitute", + "relief", + "reliever", + "backup", + "backup man", + "fill-in" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiazzo", + "sostituto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star", + "principal", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrità", + "divo", + "star", + "stella", + "vedette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who plays a principal role" + ], + "it": [ + "un attore che recita un ruolo principale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viewer who gazes fixedly (often with hostility)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a religious adviser (not necessarily a priest) in the Eastern Orthodox Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starlet" + ], + "it": [ + "attricetta", + "starlet", + "stellina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young (film) actress who is publicized as a future star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starter", + "dispatcher" + ], + "it": [ + "mossiere", + "starter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official who signals the beginning of a race or competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant in a team sport who is in the game at the beginning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starting pitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) a pitcher who starts in a baseball game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starveling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is starving (or being starved)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of a particular state or group of states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state's attorney", + "state attorney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prosecuting attorney for a state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state senator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a state senate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statesman", + "solon", + "national leader" + ], + "it": [ + "statista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stateswoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman statesman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state treasurer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the treasurer for a state government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stationer", + "stationery seller" + ], + "it": [ + "cartolaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who sells writing materials and office supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stationmaster", + "station agent" + ], + "it": [ + "capostazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person in charge of a railway station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistician", + "actuary" + ], + "it": [ + "attuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone versed in the collection and interpretation of numerical data (especially someone who uses statistics to calculate insurance premiums)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "statistician", + "mathematical statistician" + ], + "it": [ + "statistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician who specializes in statistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay-at-home", + "homebody" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "tipo casalingo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who seldom goes anywhere; one not given to wandering or travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamfitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who installs and maintains equipment for ventilating or heating or refrigerating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steelmaker", + "steelworker", + "steelman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker engaged in making steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steeplejack" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who builds or maintains very tall structures" + ], + "it": [ + "chi ripara campanili e ciminiere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stemmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who makes or applies stems for artificial flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenographer", + "amanuensis", + "shorthand typist" + ], + "it": [ + "stenografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in the transcription of speech (especially dictation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker with an unusually loud voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepbrother", + "half-brother", + "half brother" + ], + "it": [ + "fratellastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brother who has only one parent in common with you" + ], + "it": [ + "fratello che ha in comune un solo genitore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepchild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child of your spouse by a former marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepdaughter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a daughter of your spouse by a former marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepfather" + ], + "it": [ + "padrigno", + "patrigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the husband of your mother by a subsequent marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepmother" + ], + "it": [ + "madrigna", + "matrigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wife of your father by a subsequent marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepparent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spouse of your parent by a subsequent marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stepson" + ], + "it": [ + "figliastro", + "privigno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the son your spouse by a former marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stevedore", + "loader", + "longshoreman", + "docker", + "dockhand", + "dock worker", + "dockworker", + "dock-walloper", + "lumper" + ], + "it": [ + "caricatore", + "portuale", + "scaricatore", + "scaricatore di porto", + "stivatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who loads and unloads vessels in a port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manages property or other affairs for someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steward", + "flight attendant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attendant on an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steward" + ], + "it": [ + "dispensiere", + "steward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ship's officer who is in charge of provisions and dining arrangements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stewardess", + "air hostess", + "hostess" + ], + "it": [ + "hostess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman steward on an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who insists on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordinary man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stifler", + "smotherer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who stifles or smothers or suppresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatic", + "stigmatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose body is marked by religious stigmata (such as marks resembling the wounds of the crucified Christ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stillborn infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infant who shows no signs of life after birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an economizer who stints someone with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipendiary", + "stipendiary magistrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(United Kingdom) a paid magistrate (appointed by the Home Secretary) dealing with police cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stippler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who stipples (creates a stippled effect)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a garmentmaker who performs the finishing steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockbroker" + ], + "it": [ + "agente di cambio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent in the buying and selling of stocks and bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockjobber" + ], + "it": [ + "borsista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who deals only with brokers or other jobbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stocktaker", + "stock-taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee whose job is to take inventory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock trader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys and sells stock shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockholder", + "shareholder", + "shareowner" + ], + "it": [ + "azionista", + "cointeressato", + "gruppo di controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation" + ], + "it": [ + "chi possiede azioni di una data società" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockholder of record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stockholder whose name is registered on the books of the corporation as owning the shares at a particular time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one (as a retailer or distributor) that stocks goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockman", + "stock raiser", + "stock farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "farmer who breed or raises livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stoic" + ], + "it": [ + "stoico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Zeno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoic", + "unemotional person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is seemingly indifferent to emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoker", + "fireman" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentatore", + "fochista", + "fuochista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer who tends fires (as on a coal-fired train or steamship)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone breaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who breaks up stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonecutter", + "cutter" + ], + "it": [ + "intagliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cuts or carves stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoner", + "lapidator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an attacker who pelts the victim with stones (especially with intent to kill)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewaller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who stonewalls or refuses to answer or cooperate; someone who delays by lengthy speeches etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who carries himself or herself with the head and shoulders habitually bent forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person at a racetrack who searches for winning parimutuel tickets that have been carelessly discarded by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "store detective" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a private detective employed by a merchant to stop pilferage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm trooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Nazi SA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storyteller", + "fibber", + "fabricator" + ], + "it": [ + "bugiardello", + "bugiardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tells lies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stowaway" + ], + "it": [ + "passeggero clandestino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who hides aboard a ship or plane in the hope of getting free passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strafer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combat pilot who strafes the enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straggler", + "strayer" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi rimane indietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who strays or falls behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straight man", + "second banana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who acts as stooge to a comedian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stranger", + "alien", + "unknown" + ], + "it": [ + "estraneo", + "forestiero", + "imparziale", + "sconosciuto", + "strano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stranger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individual that one is not acquainted with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straphanger" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a standing subway or bus passenger who grips a hanging strap for support" + ], + "it": [ + "chi viaggia in piedi su mezzi pubblici reggendosi ad un sostegno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straphanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commuter who uses public transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strategist", + "strategian" + ], + "it": [ + "stratega", + "stratego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert in strategy (especially in warfare)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw boss", + "assistant foreman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a work gang who supervises the other workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who walks rapidly with long steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a squad on a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes off all their clothes and runs naked through a public place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street cleaner", + "street sweeper" + ], + "it": [ + "operatore ecologico", + "scopino", + "spazzaturaio", + "spazzino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker employed to clean streets (especially one employed by a municipal sanitation department)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street fighter", + "tough" + ], + "it": [ + "bullo", + "bulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who learned to fight in the streets rather than being formally trained in the sport of boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street fighter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who is very aggressive and willing to use underhand methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street urchin", + "guttersnipe" + ], + "it": [ + "monello", + "scugnizzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a child who spends most of his time in the streets especially in slum areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street arab", + "gamin", + "throwaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sometimes offensive) a homeless boy who has been abandoned and roams the streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streetwalker", + "street girl", + "hooker", + "hustler", + "floozy", + "floozie", + "slattern" + ], + "it": [ + "falena", + "passeggiatrice", + "peripatetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prostitute who attracts customers by walking the streets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretcher-bearer", + "litter-bearer" + ], + "it": [ + "barellante", + "barelliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who helps carry a stretcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike leader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads a strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striker" + ], + "it": [ + "scioperante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee on strike against an employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone receiving intensive training for a naval technical rating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striker" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forward on a soccer team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serviceman who wears stripes on the uniform to indicate rank or years of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip miner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miner who does strip mining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripper", + "striptease artist", + "striptease", + "stripteaser", + "exotic dancer", + "ecdysiast", + "peeler" + ], + "it": [ + "spogliarellista", + "stripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who provides erotic entertainment by undressing to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripper", + "stemmer", + "sprigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who strips the stems from moistened tobacco leaves and binds the leaves together into books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the oarsman nearest the stern of the shell who sets the pace for the rest of the crew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strongman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powerful political figure who rules by the exercise of force or violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strongman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who performs feats of strength at a fair or circus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "struggler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who struggles with difficulties or with great effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stuart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the royal family that ruled Scotland and England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud", + "he-man", + "macho-man" + ], + "it": [ + "fusto", + "vero maschio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is virile and sexually active" + ], + "it": [ + "giovane di bell'aspetto di corporatura atletica e slanciata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "student", + "pupil", + "educatee" + ], + "it": [ + "allievo", + "alunno", + "studente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "student teacher", + "practice teacher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a college student who is teaching under the supervision of a certified teacher in order to qualify for a degree in education" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuffed shirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bore who is extremely formal, pompous, and old-fashioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumblebum", + "palooka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a second-rate prize fighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double", + "stunt man", + "stunt woman" + ], + "it": [ + "controfigura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stand-in for movie stars to perform dangerous stunts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumbler", + "tripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a walker or runner who trips and almost falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stupid", + "stupid person", + "stupe", + "dullard", + "dolt", + "pudding head", + "pudden-head", + "poor fish", + "pillock" + ], + "it": [ + "allocco", + "arteriosclerotico", + "babbeo", + "babbuino", + "balordo", + "broccolo", + "citrullo", + "ebete", + "gnocco", + "grullo", + "rimbambito", + "scioccone", + "stupido", + "svanitello", + "svaporato", + "tonto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not very bright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who is a master of a particular style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylite" + ], + "it": [ + "stilita", + "stilite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an early Christian ascetic who lived on top of high pillars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subaltern" + ], + "it": [ + "subalterno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British commissioned army officer below the rank of captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcontractor" + ], + "it": [ + "subappaltatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enters into a subcontract with the primary contractor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdeacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clergyman an order below deacon; one of the Holy Orders in the unreformed western Christian church and the eastern Catholic Churches but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdivider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who divides parts into smaller parts (especially a divider of land into building sites)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subduer", + "surmounter", + "overcomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who overcomes and establishes ascendancy and control by force or persuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject", + "case", + "guinea pig" + ], + "it": [ + "cavia", + "caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjectivist" + ], + "it": [ + "soggettivista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who subscribes to subjectivism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjugator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a conqueror who defeats and enslaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublieutenant" + ], + "it": [ + "sottotenente di vascello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer ranking next below a lieutenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submariner" + ], + "it": [ + "sommergibilista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the crew of a submarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who submits something (as an application for a job or a manuscript for publication etc.) for the judgment of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who yields to the will of another person or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subnormal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person of less than normal intelligence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinate", + "subsidiary", + "underling", + "foot soldier" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendente", + "inferiore", + "sottoposto", + "sottostante", + "subordinato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant subject to the authority or control of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscriber", + "contributor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscriber", + "reader" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonato", + "lettore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who contracts to receive and pay for a service or a certain number of issues of a publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscriber", + "endorser", + "indorser", + "ratifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who expresses strong approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidizer", + "subsidiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assists or supports by giving a subsidy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitute", + "reserve", + "second-stringer" + ], + "it": [ + "rincalzo", + "riserva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtracter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who subtracts numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suburbanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of a suburb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subvocalizer", + "subvocaliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who articulates speech without uttering sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "successor", + "heir" + ], + "it": [ + "erede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who inherits some title or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "successor", + "replacement" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiazzo", + "sostituto", + "successore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who follows next in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succorer", + "succourer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives help in times of need or distress or difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drinker who sucks (as at a nipple or through a straw)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suer", + "petitioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who petitions a court for redress of a grievance or recovery of a right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sufi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Muslim who represents the mystical dimension of Islam; a Muslim who seeks direct experience of Allah; mainly in Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffragan", + "suffragan bishop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant or subordinate bishop of a diocese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffragette" + ], + "it": [ + "suffragetta", + "suffragista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman advocate of women's right to vote (especially a militant advocate in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 20th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffragist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of the extension of voting rights (especially to women)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar daddy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wealthy older man who gives a young person expensive gifts in return for friendship or intimacy" + ], + "it": [ + "vecchio amante danaroso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggester", + "proposer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advances a suggestion or proposal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide", + "felo-de-se" + ], + "it": [ + "suicida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who kills himself intentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suicide bomber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a terrorist who blows himself up in order to kill or injure other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) a businessman dressed in a business suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suitor", + "suer", + "wooer" + ], + "it": [ + "ammiratore", + "beccamorti", + "beccamorto", + "cascamorto", + "corteggiatore", + "pretendente", + "spasimante", + "vagheggino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who courts a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sultan", + "grand Turk" + ], + "it": [ + "sultano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumerian" + ], + "it": [ + "sumero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people who inhabited ancient Sumer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summercaters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Maine colloquial) temporary summer residents of coastal Maine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sumo wrestler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who participates in sumo (a Japanese form of wrestling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun" + ], + "it": [ + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person considered as a source of warmth or energy or glory etc" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolo di bellezza, perfezione, valore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunbather" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "chi prende il sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who basks in the sunshine in order to get a suntan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sundowner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tramp who habitually arrives at sundown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun worshiper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who worships the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supercargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer on a merchant ship in charge of the cargo and its sale and purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supergrass", + "grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a police informer who implicates many people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "super heavyweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs more than 201 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superintendent", + "super" + ], + "it": [ + "custode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caretaker for an apartment house; represents the owner as janitor and rent collector" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior" + ], + "it": [ + "generalessa", + "superiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of a religious community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superior", + "higher-up", + "superordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "superiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of greater rank or station or quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supermarketer", + "supermarketeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operator of a supermarket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supermodel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fashion model who has attained the status of a celebrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supermom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informal term for a mother who can combine childcare and full-time employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernumerary", + "spear carrier", + "extra" + ], + "it": [ + "comparsa", + "figurante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor actor in crowd scenes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supernumerary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person serving no apparent function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervisor" + ], + "it": [ + "capofabbrica", + "ispettore", + "supervisore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who supervises or has charge and direction of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplier", + "provider" + ], + "it": [ + "fornitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose business is to supply a particular service or commodity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a commissioned officer responsible for logistics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supporter", + "protagonist", + "champion", + "admirer", + "booster", + "friend" + ], + "it": [ + "fedele", + "sostenitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who backs a politician or a team etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppressor", + "suppresser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who suppresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supremacist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who advocates the supremacy of some particular group or race over all others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suprematist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist of the school of suprematism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supremo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most important person in an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfer", + "surfboarder" + ], + "it": [ + "surfista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in surfboarding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surgeon", + "operating surgeon", + "sawbones" + ], + "it": [ + "cerusico", + "chirurgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physician who specializes in surgery" + ], + "it": [ + "un medico abilitato ad esguire operazioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surgeon General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the senior medical officer in an Army or Navy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Surgeon General" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the head of the United States Public Health Service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surpriser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a captor who uses surprise to capture the victim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrealist" + ], + "it": [ + "surrealista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an artist who is a member of the movement called surrealism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrenderer", + "yielder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who yields or surrenders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrogate", + "alternate", + "replacement" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes the place of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrogate mother" + ], + "it": [ + "madre surrogata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who bears a child for a couple where the wife is unable to do so" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveyor" + ], + "it": [ + "agrimensore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveyor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who conducts a statistical survey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to insure their personal survival or the survival of their group or nation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who outlives another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survivor", + "subsister" + ], + "it": [ + "revenant", + "sopravvissuto", + "superstite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who lives through affliction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspect" + ], + "it": [ + "indiziato", + "sospetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is under suspicion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sutler", + "victualer", + "victualler", + "provisioner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supplier of victuals or supplies to an army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Svengali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the musician in a novel by George du Maurier who controls Trilby's singing hypnotically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Svengali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (usually maleficent) who tries to persuade or force another person to do his bidding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swaggerer" + ], + "it": [ + "bravaccio", + "bravazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks in an arrogant manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swagman", + "swagger", + "swaggie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an itinerant Australian laborer who carries his personal belongings in a bundle as he travels around in search of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swearer" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmiatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who takes a solemn oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses profanity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweater girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl with an attractive bust who wears tight sweaters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who sweeps (floors or streets etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetheart" + ], + "it": [ + "amore", + "bello", + "brava persona", + "tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any well-liked individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetheart", + "sweetie", + "steady", + "truelove" + ], + "it": [ + "amichetto", + "amore", + "fiamma", + "innamorato", + "moroso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person loved by another person" + ], + "it": [ + "oggetto del proprio amore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimmer", + "natator", + "bather" + ], + "it": [ + "nuotatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who travels through the water by swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swimmer" + ], + "it": [ + "nuotatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a trained athlete who participates in swimming meets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swineherd", + "pigman" + ], + "it": [ + "porcaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a herder or swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swinger", + "tramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who engages freely in promiscuous sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who swings sports implements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing voter", + "floating voter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a voter who has no allegiance to any political party and whose unpredictable decisions can swing the outcome of an election one way or the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switcher", + "whipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who administers punishment by wielding a switch or whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball player who can bat either right or left handed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch-hitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slang term for a bisexual person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switchman" + ], + "it": [ + "deviatore", + "scambista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who operates railroad switches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swot", + "grind", + "nerd", + "wonk", + "dweeb" + ], + "it": [ + "faticone", + "secchione", + "sgobbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an insignificant student who is ridiculed as being affected or boringly studious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sycophant", + "toady", + "crawler", + "lackey", + "ass-kisser" + ], + "it": [ + "ruffiano", + "struscione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllogist", + "syllogizer", + "syllogiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "logician skilled in syllogistic reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sylph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an elemental being believed to inhabit the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sylph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender graceful young woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sylvan", + "silvan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spirit that lives in or frequents the woods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolic logician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled at symbolic logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolist" + ], + "it": [ + "simbolista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an artistic movement that expressed ideas indirectly via symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolist", + "symbolizer", + "symboliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in the interpretation or representation of symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathizer", + "sympathiser", + "well-wisher" + ], + "it": [ + "amico", + "simpatizzante", + "supporter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who shares your feelings or opinions and hopes that you will be successful" + ], + "it": [ + "chi si schiera e dà il proprio appoggio, anche materiale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathizer", + "sympathiser", + "comforter" + ], + "it": [ + "confortatore", + "consolatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commiserates with someone who has had misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a composer of symphonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symposiast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who participates in a symposium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncopator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays syncopated jazz music (usually in a dance band)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one appointed to represent a city or university or corporation in business transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a businessman who forms a syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synonymist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student of synonyms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesist", + "synthesizer", + "synthesiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an intellectual who synthesizes or uses synthetic methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syphilitic" + ], + "it": [ + "luetico", + "sifilitico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person suffering from syphilis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "system administrator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person in charge of managing and maintaining a computer system of telecommunication system (as for a business or institution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systems analyst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled at systems analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tablemate", + "dining companion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone you dine with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who fastens things by tacking them (as with tacks or by spotwelding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who plays that position on a football team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tackler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a football player who tackles the ball carrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tactician" + ], + "it": [ + "tattico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is skilled at planning tactics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tagalog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a people native to the Philippines chiefly inhabiting central Luzon around and including Manila" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagalong", + "hanger-on" + ], + "it": [ + "tirapiedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who persistently (and annoyingly) follows along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who appends or joins one thing to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assigns labels to the grammatical constituents of textual matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail", + "shadow", + "shadower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(American football) the person who plays tailback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailgater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who follows too closely behind another motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailor", + "seamster", + "sartor" + ], + "it": [ + "sarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose occupation is making and altering garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who accepts an offer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talent" + ], + "it": [ + "genio", + "ingegno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talent agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an agent who represents performers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talking head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a talker on television who talks directly into the cameras and whose upper body is all that is shown on the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallyman", + "tally clerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who keeps a tally of quantity or weight of goods produced or shipped or received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tallyman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who sells goods on the installment plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamer" + ], + "it": [ + "addomesticatore", + "domatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an animal trainer who tames wild animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanker", + "tank driver" + ], + "it": [ + "carrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier who drives a tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanner" + ], + "it": [ + "conciaio", + "conciaiolo", + "conciapelli", + "conciario", + "conciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who tans skins and hides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tantalizer", + "tantaliser" + ], + "it": [ + "canzonatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tantalizes; a tormentor who offers something desirable but keeps it just out of reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taoiseach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the prime minister of the Irish Republic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap dancer", + "tapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dancer who sounds out rhythms by using metal taps on the toes and heels of the shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapper", + "wiretapper", + "phone tapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who wiretaps a telephone or telegraph wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who uses a tap to cut screw threads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who strikes a surface lightly and usually repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapster", + "tapper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tavern keeper who taps kegs or casks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tartuffe", + "Tartufe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypocrite who pretends to religious piety (after the protagonist in a play by Moliere)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarzan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sometimes used ironically) a man of great strength and agility (after the hero of a series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taskmaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who imposes hard or continuous work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taskmistress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman taskmaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taster", + "taste tester", + "taste-tester", + "sampler" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggiatore", + "degustatore", + "pregustatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who samples food or drink for its quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattletale", + "tattler", + "taleteller", + "talebearer", + "telltale", + "blabbermouth" + ], + "it": [ + "spifferone", + "spione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gossips indiscreetly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax assessor", + "assessor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who evaluates property for the purpose of taxing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax collector", + "taxman", + "exciseman", + "collector of internal revenue", + "internal revenue agent" + ], + "it": [ + "esattore", + "esattore delle imposte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who collects taxes for the government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bureaucrat who levies taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxi dancer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman employed to dance with patrons who pay a fee for each dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxidermist", + "animal stuffer", + "stuffer" + ], + "it": [ + "impagliatore", + "tassidermista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who stuffs and mounts the skins of animals for display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxidriver", + "taximan", + "cabdriver", + "cabman", + "cabby", + "hack driver", + "hack-driver", + "livery driver" + ], + "it": [ + "tassista", + "taxista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives a taxi for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxonomist", + "taxonomer", + "systematist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who specializes in the classification of organisms into groups on the basis of their structure and origin and behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxpayer" + ], + "it": [ + "contribuente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pays taxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacher", + "instructor" + ], + "it": [ + "docente", + "insegnante", + "istruttore", + "maestra", + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose occupation is teaching" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona la cui occupazione è l'insegnamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teacher's pet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the teacher's favorite student" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaching fellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a graduate student with teaching responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teammate", + "mate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "compagno di squadra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow member of a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teamster", + "trucker", + "truck driver" + ], + "it": [ + "autotrenista", + "camionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drives a truck as an occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teamster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driver of a team of horses doing hauling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tearaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reckless and impetuous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "teaser", + "annoyer", + "vexer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone given to teasing (as by mocking or stirring curiosity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who teases wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "techie", + "tekki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technician who is highly proficient and enthusiastic about some technical field (especially computing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technical sergeant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noncommissioned officer ranking below a master sergeant in the air force or marines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technician" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation involves training in a specific technical process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone known for high skill in some intellectual or artistic technique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technocrat" + ], + "it": [ + "tecnocrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of technocracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technocrat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert who is a member of a highly skilled elite group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technophile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is enthusiastic about new technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "technophobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who dislikes or avoids new technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ted", + "Teddy boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tough youth of 1950's and 1960's wearing Edwardian style clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teetotaler", + "teetotaller", + "teetotalist" + ], + "it": [ + "astemio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a total abstainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a television broadcaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telegrapher", + "telegraphist", + "telegraph operator" + ], + "it": [ + "telegrafista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who transmits messages by telegraph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advocate of teleology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telepathist", + "thought-reader", + "mental telepathist", + "mind reader" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone with the power of communicating thoughts directly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telephone operator", + "telephonist", + "switchboard operator" + ], + "it": [ + "centralinista", + "telefonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who helps callers get the person they are calling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "televangelist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evangelist who conducts services on television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television reporter", + "television newscaster", + "TV reporter", + "TV newsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who reports news stories via television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "television star", + "TV star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star in a television show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tell", + "William Tell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer; according to legend an Austrian governor compelled him to shoot an apple from his son's head with his crossbow (which he did successfully without mishap)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teller", + "cashier", + "bank clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teller", + "vote counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official appointed to count the votes (especially in legislative assembly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tellurian", + "earthling", + "earthman", + "worldling" + ], + "it": [ + "terrestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temp", + "temporary", + "temporary worker" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore temporaneo", + "temporaneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker (especially in an office) hired on a temporary basis" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore assunto per un periodo di tempo temporaneo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporizer", + "temporiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who temporizes; someone who tries to gain time or who waits for a favorable time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempter" + ], + "it": [ + "tentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who tempts others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term infant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infant born at a gestational age between 37 and 42 completed weeks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who works strenuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenant", + "renter" + ], + "it": [ + "affittuario", + "fittabile", + "fittaiolo", + "fittavolo", + "inquilino", + "locatario", + "pigionale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pays rent to use land or a building or a car that is owned by someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenant" + ], + "it": [ + "fittavolo", + "residente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any occupant who dwells in a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenant" + ], + "it": [ + "affittuario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a holder of buildings or lands by any kind of title (as ownership or lease)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenant farmer" + ], + "it": [ + "colono", + "contadino", + "fittavolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farmer who works land owned by someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenderfoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inexperienced person (especially someone inexperienced in outdoor living)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coach of tennis players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis player" + ], + "it": [ + "racchetta", + "tennista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who plays tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tennis pro", + "professional tennis player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who earns a living playing or teaching tennis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor" + ], + "it": [ + "tenore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult male with a tenor voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenor saxophonist", + "tenorist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the tenor saxophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tentmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs tents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "termer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who serves a specified term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonprofessional soldier member of a territorial military unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terror", + "brat", + "little terror", + "holy terror" + ], + "it": [ + "peste", + "terremoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very troublesome child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terror", + "scourge", + "threat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who inspires fear or dread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorist" + ], + "it": [ + "terrorista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radical who employs terror as a political weapon; usually organizes with other terrorists in small cells; often uses religion as a cover for terrorist activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tertigravida", + "gravida III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is pregnant for the third time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testator", + "testate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes a will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testatrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female testator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test driver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a driver who drives a motor vehicle to evaluate its performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testee", + "examinee" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminando" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is tested (as by an intelligence test or an academic examination)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testifier", + "deponent", + "deposer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who testifies or gives a deposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "pilota collaudatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pilot hired to fly experimental airplanes through maneuvers designed to test them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test-tube baby" + ], + "it": [ + "figlio in provetta", + "bambino in provetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baby conceived by fertilization that occurs outside the mother's body; the woman's ova are removed and mixed with sperm in a culture medium - if fertilization occurs the blastocyte is implanted in the woman's uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teutonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the history of the Teutonic people or language (especially with respect to the Teutonic influence on the history of England)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Texas Ranger", + "Ranger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Texas state highway patrol; formerly a mounted lawman who maintained order on the frontier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man ranking above an ordinary freeman and below a noble in Anglo-Saxon England (especially one who gave military service in exchange for land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a feudal lord or baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in making a roof from plant stalks or foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thatcherite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of Thatcherism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theatrical producer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who produces theatrical performances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theologian", + "theologist", + "theologizer", + "theologiser" + ], + "it": [ + "teologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is learned in theology or who speculates about theology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorist", + "theoretician", + "theorizer", + "theoriser", + "idealogue" + ], + "it": [ + "teorico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who theorizes (especially in science or art)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theosophist" + ], + "it": [ + "teosofo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in theosophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "therapist", + "healer" + ], + "it": [ + "guaritore", + "terapista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person skilled in a particular type of therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thessalian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Thessaly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thessalonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Thessalonica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thief", + "stealer" + ], + "it": [ + "ladra", + "ladro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it" + ], + "it": [ + "criminale che si appropria di oggetti appartenenti a qualcun altro con lo scopo di tenerseli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinker", + "creative thinker", + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "cervello", + "ingegno", + "mente", + "pensatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important intellectual" + ], + "it": [ + "un essere dotato di intelletto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who exercises the mind (usually in an effort to reach a decision)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin person", + "skin and bones", + "scrag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is unusually thin and scrawny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third baseman", + "third sacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(baseball) the person who plays third base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone other than the principals who are involved in a transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "third-rater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is third-rate or distinctly inferior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoroughbred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a well-bred person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone held in bondage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrower" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who projects something (especially by a rapid motion of the arm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throwster", + "thrower" + ], + "it": [ + "torcitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who twists silk or rayon filaments into a thread or yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who sings popular songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mythology) the spirit of thunder and lightning believed by some Native Americans to take the shape of a great bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thurifer" + ], + "it": [ + "turiferario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acolyte who carries a thurible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket collector", + "ticket taker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is paid to admit only those who have purchased tickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tier", + "tier up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who ties something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any one of two or more competitors who tie one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fierce or audacious person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tight end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) an offensive end who lines up close to the tackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who lays tile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tills land (prepares the soil for the planting of crops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who engages in a tilt or joust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timberman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an owner or manager of a company that is engaged in lumbering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timekeeper" + ], + "it": [ + "cronometrista", + "cronometrista analizzatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clerk who keeps track of the hours worked by employees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timekeeper", + "timer" + ], + "it": [ + "cronometrista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) an official who keeps track of the time elapsed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "timeserver" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformista", + "banderuola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who conforms to current ways and opinions for personal advantage" + ], + "it": [ + "persona che si adatta alle idee correnti seguendo il proprio tornaconto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timorese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of Timor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly a person (traditionally a Gypsy) who traveled from place to place mending pots and kettles and other metal utensils as a way to earn a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinker", + "tinkerer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys fixing and experimenting with machines and their parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinkerer", + "fiddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unskilled person who tries to fix or mend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsmith", + "tinner" + ], + "it": [ + "lattoniere", + "stagnaio", + "stagnino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs tinware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hairdresser who tints hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who leaves a tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tippler", + "social drinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who drinks liquor repeatedly in small quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipster", + "tout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who sells advice about gambling or speculation (especially at the racetrack)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tither" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who pays tithes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titterer", + "giggler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who laughs nervously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "T-man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a special law-enforcement agent of the United States Treasury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a celebrity who receives much acclaim and attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toaster", + "wassailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who proposes a toast; someone who drinks to the health of success of someone or some venture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toastmaster", + "symposiarch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person who proposes toasts and introduces speakers at a banquet" + ], + "it": [ + "direttore dei brindisi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toast mistress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman toastmaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobacconist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a retail dealer in tobacco and tobacco-related articles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tobagonian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the island of Tobago in the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tobogganist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rides a toboggan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Todd", + "Sweeney Todd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fictional character in a play by George Pitt; a barber who murdered his customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toddler", + "yearling", + "tot", + "bambino" + ], + "it": [ + "baby", + "bimbetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young child" + ], + "it": [ + "l'individuo umano dalla nascita alla fanciullezza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toff", + "nob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "informal term for an upper-class or wealthy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tollkeeper", + "tollman", + "tollgatherer", + "toll collector", + "toll taker", + "toll agent", + "toller" + ], + "it": [ + "casellante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to collect tolls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toller", + "bell ringer", + "ringer" + ], + "it": [ + "campanaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomboy", + "romp", + "hoyden" + ], + "it": [ + "maschiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who behaves in a boyish manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tom Thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very small person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tom Thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary hero of English folklore who was no taller than his father's thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toolmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone skilled in making or repairing tools" + ], + "it": [ + "chi fabbrica attrezzi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top banana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the leading comedian in a burlesque show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who cuts tops off (of trees or vegetables etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who makes or adds the top to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torchbearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader in a campaign or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torch singer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer (usually a woman) who specializes in singing torch songs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tormentor", + "tormenter", + "persecutor" + ], + "it": [ + "carnefice", + "persecutore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who torments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tort-feasor", + "tortfeasor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a party who has committed a tort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torturer" + ], + "it": [ + "carnefice", + "tormentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who inflicts severe physical pain (usually for punishment or coercion)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who favored the British side during the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of traditional political and social institutions against the forces of reform; a political conservative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of political party in Great Britain that has been known as the Conservative Party since 1832; was the opposition party to the Whigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tosser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who throws lightly (as with the palm upward)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tosser", + "jerk-off", + "wanker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terms of abuse for a masturbator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totalitarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adherent of totalitarian principles or totalitarian government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totemist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who belongs to a clan or tribe having a totem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who causes or allows a part of the body to come in contact with someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch-typist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a skilled typist who can type a document without looking at the keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tough guy", + "plug-ugly" + ], + "it": [ + "bullo", + "bulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who bullies weaker people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tour guide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guide who leads others on a tour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourist", + "tourer", + "holidaymaker" + ], + "it": [ + "escursionista", + "turista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who travels for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tout", + "touter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advertises for customers in an especially brazen way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tout", + "ticket tout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who buys tickets to an event in order to resell them at a profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tovarich", + "tovarisch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a comrade (especially in Russian communism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tower of strength", + "pillar of strength" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who can be relied on to give a great deal of support and comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with light blond hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town clerk" + ], + "it": [ + "segretario comunale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the official who keeps a town's records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "town crier", + "crier" + ], + "it": [ + "banditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(formerly) an official who made public announcements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "townsman", + "towner" + ], + "it": [ + "cittadino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of a town or city" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "townee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "townsman unacquainted with country life especially a slick and flashy male city dweller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "townie", + "towny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resident of a college town not affiliated with the college" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "townsman" + ], + "it": [ + "concittadino", + "terrazzano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person from the same town as yourself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toxicologist" + ], + "it": [ + "tossicologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who studies the nature and effects of poisons and their treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an investigator who is employed to find missing persons or missing goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tracker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tracks down game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a star runner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tractarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of Tractarianism and supporter of the Oxford movement (which was expounded in pamphlets called `Tracts for the Times')" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trader", + "bargainer", + "dealer", + "monger" + ], + "it": [ + "commerciante", + "esercente", + "mercante", + "negoziante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade unionist", + "unionist", + "union member" + ], + "it": [ + "sindacalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who belongs to a trade union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traditionalist", + "diehard" + ], + "it": [ + "tradizionalista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who adheres to traditional views" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic cop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a policeman who controls the flow of automobile traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dealer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seller of illicit goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragedian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor who specializes in tragic roles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragedian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer (especially a playwright) who writes tragedies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tragedienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actress who specializes in tragic roles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailblazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who marks a trail by leaving blazes on trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail boss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the person responsible for driving a herd of cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainbandsman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a trainband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainbearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who holds up the train of a gown or robe on a ceremonial occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainee" + ], + "it": [ + "praticante", + "tirocinante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is being trained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainer" + ], + "it": [ + "addestratore", + "addomesticatore", + "allenatore", + "ammaestratore", + "coach", + "trainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who trains other persons or animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trainman", + "railroader", + "railroad man", + "railwayman", + "railway man" + ], + "it": [ + "ferroviere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee of a railroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traitor", + "treasonist" + ], + "it": [ + "traditore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who betrays his country by committing treason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traitress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "female traitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp", + "hobo", + "bum" + ], + "it": [ + "barbone", + "girovago", + "vagabondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disreputable vagrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trampler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who injures by trampling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transactor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who conducts or carries on business or negotiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transalpine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one living on or coming from the other side of the Alps from Italy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcendentalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advocate of transcendentalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcriber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes a written version of spoken material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcriber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who represents the sounds of speech in phonetic notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcriber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rewrites in a different script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "transferee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) someone to whom a title or property is conveyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferer", + "transferrer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who transfers something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transferor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) someone who conveys a title or property to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who stays for only a short time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translator", + "transcriber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who translates written messages from one language to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmigrante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Latin American who buys used goods in the United States and takes them to Latin America to sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplanter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gardener who moves plants to new locations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transsexual", + "transexual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose sexual identification is entirely with the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transsexual", + "transexual" + ], + "it": [ + "transessuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has undergone a sex change operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transvestite", + "cross-dresser" + ], + "it": [ + "travestito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who adopts the dress or manner or sexual role of the opposite sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cacciatore di animali da pelliccia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sets traps for animals (usually to obtain their furs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trappist", + "Cistercian" + ], + "it": [ + "cistercense", + "cisterciense", + "trappista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of an order of monks noted for austerity and a vow of silence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trapshooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who engages in shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled into the air by a trap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel agent" + ], + "it": [ + "agente di viaggio", + "tour operator", + "operatore turistico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells or arranges trips or tours for customers" + ], + "it": [ + "chi si occupa dell'organizzazione di un viaggio per conto di terzi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveling salesman", + "travelling salesman", + "commercial traveler", + "commercial traveller", + "roadman", + "bagman" + ], + "it": [ + "commesso viaggiatore", + "piazzista", + "salesman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a salesman who travels to call on customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traverser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who moves or passes across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trawler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fisherman who use a trawl net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treasurer", + "financial officer" + ], + "it": [ + "economo", + "tesoriere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an officer charged with receiving and disbursing funds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Treasury", + "First Lord of the Treasury" + ], + "it": [ + "ministro del tesoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the British cabinet minister responsible for economic strategy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree hugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derogatory term for environmentalists who support restrictions on the logging industry and the preservation of forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree surgeon", + "arborist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in treating damaged trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trekker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler who makes a long arduous journey (as hiking through mountainous country)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who digs trenches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trend-setter", + "taste-maker", + "fashion arbiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who popularizes a new fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial attorney", + "trial lawyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trial judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a judge in a trial court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribesman" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "membro della tribù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in a tribe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in tribology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ancient Rome) an official elected by the plebeians to protect their interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trier", + "attempter", + "essayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who tries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one (as a judge) who examines and settles a case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who behaves lightly or not seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigonometrician" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mathematician specializing in trigonometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trilby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "singer in a novel by George du Maurier who was under the control of the hypnotist Svengali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinidadian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabitant or native of Trinidad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of three offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(slang) someone who has taken a psychedelic drug and is undergoing hallucinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tritheist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (not an orthodox Christian) who believes that the Father and Son and Holy Ghost are three separate gods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triumvir" + ], + "it": [ + "triumviro", + "triunviro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a group of three sharing public administration or civil authority especially in ancient Rome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trombonist", + "trombone player" + ], + "it": [ + "trombone", + "trombonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the trombone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mounted policeman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is reliable and uncomplaining and hard working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trooper", + "state trooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a state police officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trophy wife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife who is an attractive young woman; seldom the first wife of an affluent older man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trotskyite", + "Trotskyist", + "Trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radicals who support Trotsky's theory that socialism must be established throughout the world by continuing revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troublemaker", + "trouble maker", + "troubler", + "mischief-maker", + "bad hat" + ], + "it": [ + "accattabrighe", + "arruffamatasse", + "arruffone", + "attaccabrighe", + "confusionario", + "confusionista", + "garbuglione", + "litighino", + "litigone", + "mettimale", + "pasticcione", + "piantagrane", + "sconclusionato", + "chi semina discordia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who deliberately stirs up trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troubleshooter", + "trouble shooter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker whose job is to locate and fix sources of trouble (especially in mechanical devices)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truant", + "hooky player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who is absent from school without permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trudger", + "plodder", + "slogger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks in a laborious heavy-footed manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpeter", + "cornetist" + ], + "it": [ + "cornettista", + "tromba", + "trombettista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the trumpet or cornet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trustbuster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a federal agent who engages in trust busting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trustee", + "legal guardian" + ], + "it": [ + "curatore", + "amministratore fiduciario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person (or institution) to whom legal title to property is entrusted to use for another's benefit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trusty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tub-thumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy and vigorous or ranting public speaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sewer who tucks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tudor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the dynasty that ruled England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbler" + ], + "it": [ + "acrobata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnast who performs rolls and somersaults and twists etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuner", + "piano tuner" + ], + "it": [ + "accordatore", + "accordatore di pianoforte", + "accordatore di pianoforti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tunes pianos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turncock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one employed to control water supply by turning water mains on and off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of two persons who swing ropes for jumpers to skip over in the game of jump rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turner" + ], + "it": [ + "tornitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a lathe operator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tumbler who is a member of a turnverein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone whose occupation is hunting turtles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learns from a tutor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tv announcer", + "television announcer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an announcer on television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twaddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who twaddles; someone who writes or talks twaddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twerp", + "twirp", + "twit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is regarded as contemptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twiddler", + "fiddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who manipulates in a nervous or unconscious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin" + ], + "it": [ + "gemello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who intertwines (e.g. threads) or forms something by twisting or interlacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-timer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who deceives a lover or spouse by carrying on a sexual relationship with somebody else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native of Yorkshire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tympanist", + "timpanist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who plays the kettledrums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typist" + ], + "it": [ + "dattilografo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone paid to operate a typewriter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrant", + "autocrat", + "despot" + ], + "it": [ + "autocrate", + "despota", + "dittatore", + "ras", + "tiranno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruel and oppressive dictator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any person who exercises power in a cruel way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in ancient Greece, a ruler who had seized power without legal right to it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ugly duckling" + ], + "it": [ + "brutto anatroccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ugly or unpromising child who grows into a beautiful or worthy person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umpire", + "ump" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official at a baseball game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncle" + ], + "it": [ + "zio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt" + ], + "it": [ + "il fratello della madre o del padre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a source of help and advice and encouragement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underachiever", + "underperformer", + "nonachiever" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who does not perform as well as expected or as well as the IQ indicates" + ], + "it": [ + "chi non dà il meglio di sé" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergraduate", + "undergrad" + ], + "it": [ + "studente", + "studente universitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a university student who has not yet received a first degree" + ], + "it": [ + "studente universitario che non ha ancora raggiunto la laurea del suo corso di studi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undersecretary" + ], + "it": [ + "sottosegretario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secretary immediately subordinate to the head of a department of government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underseller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seller that sells at a lower price than others do" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understudy", + "standby" + ], + "it": [ + "doppio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an actor able to replace a regular performer when required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undesirable" + ], + "it": [ + "persona indesiderabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose presence is undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undoer", + "opener", + "unfastener", + "untier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who unfastens or unwraps or opens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undoer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seducer who ruins a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unemployed person" + ], + "it": [ + "disoccupato", + "senzalavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is jobless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unicorn" + ], + "it": [ + "alicorno", + "liocorno", + "unicorno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary creature represented as a white horse with a long horn growing from its forehead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unicyclist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who rides a unicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unilateralist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an advocate of unilateralism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniocular dichromat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has normal vision in one eye and dichromacy in the other; very rare but very useful for experiments on color vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "union representative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a representative for a labor union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unitarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherent of Unitarianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trinitarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherent of Trinitarianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adherent of Arminianism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal agent", + "general agent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone authorized to transact every kind of business for the principal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universal donor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose type O Rh-negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "UNIX guru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert on the UNIX operating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Unknown Soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unidentified soldier whose body is honored as a memorial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmarried woman" + ], + "it": [ + "nubile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is not married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpleasant woman", + "disagreeable woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is an unpleasant person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untouchable", + "Harijan" + ], + "it": [ + "intoccabile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belongs to lowest social and ritual class in India" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upbraider", + "reprover", + "reproacher", + "rebuker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who finds fault or imputes blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholder", + "maintainer", + "sustainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who upholds or maintains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholsterer" + ], + "it": [ + "apparatore", + "tappezziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who upholsters furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upsetter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unexpected winner; someone who defeats the favorite competitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a selfish actor who upstages the other actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstart", + "parvenu", + "nouveau-riche", + "arriviste" + ], + "it": [ + "arricchito", + "arrivato", + "parvenu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has suddenly risen to a higher economic status but has not gained social acceptance of others in that class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arrogant or presumptuous person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urban guerrilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guerrilla who fights only in cities and towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urchin" + ], + "it": [ + "guaglione", + "mariolo", + "monello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poor and often mischievous city child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urologist" + ], + "it": [ + "urologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in urology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "user" + ], + "it": [ + "utente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usher", + "guide" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone employed to conduct others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usherette" + ], + "it": [ + "lucciola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female usher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usher", + "doorkeeper" + ], + "it": [ + "uscere", + "usciere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official stationed at the entrance of a courtroom or legislative chamber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usufructuary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who holds property by usufruct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usurer", + "loan shark", + "moneylender", + "shylock" + ], + "it": [ + "prestatore", + "strozzino", + "usuraio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usurper", + "supplanter" + ], + "it": [ + "usurpatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who wrongfully or illegally seizes and holds the place of another" + ], + "it": [ + "chi si appropria di diritti, beni o funzioni di altri senza averne il diritto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utilitarian" + ], + "it": [ + "utilitario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who believes that the value of a thing depends on its utility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman expected to serve in any capacity when called on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utility man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a baseball player valued for the ability to play at several positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utilizer", + "utiliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who puts to good use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utopian" + ], + "it": [ + "utopista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an idealistic (but usually impractical) social reformer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who circulates forged banknotes or counterfeit coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utterer", + "vocalizer", + "vocaliser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that can utter vocal sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uxor", + "ux." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(legal terminology) the Latin word for wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uxoricide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a husband who murders his wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacationer", + "vacationist" + ], + "it": [ + "vacanziere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone on vacation; someone who is devoting time to pleasure or relaxation rather than to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaccinee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a patient who has been vaccinated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vagrant", + "drifter", + "floater", + "vagabond" + ], + "it": [ + "barbone", + "errabondo", + "girovago", + "randagio", + "vagabondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaisya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the mercantile and professional Hindu caste; the third of the four main castes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valedictorian", + "valedictory speaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the student with the best grades who usually delivers the valedictory address at commencement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valentine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sweetheart chosen to receive a greeting on Saint Valentine's Day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valet", + "valet de chambre", + "gentleman", + "gentleman's gentleman", + "man" + ], + "it": [ + "valletto", + "cameriere personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valetudinarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weak or sickly person especially one morbidly concerned with his or her health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valley girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a girl who grew up in the tract housing in the San Fernando Valley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valuer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assesses the monetary worth of possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vandal" + ], + "it": [ + "vandalo", + "unno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who willfully destroys or defaces property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vandal" + ], + "it": [ + "vandalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Germanic people who overran Gaul and Spain and North Africa and sacked Rome in 455" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who disappears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varnisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who applies a finishing coat of varnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vassal", + "liege", + "liegeman", + "liege subject", + "feudatory" + ], + "it": [ + "feudatario", + "vassallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaudevillian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who works in vaudeville" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaulter", + "pole vaulter", + "pole jumper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetarian" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetariano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eater of fruits and grains and nuts; someone who eats no meat or fish or (often) any animal products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vedist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a scholar of or an authority on the Vedas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegan" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetaliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strict vegetarian; someone who eats no animal or dairy products at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venerator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who regards with deep respect or reverence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who expresses or gives vent to a personal opinion or grievance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventriloquist" + ], + "it": [ + "ventriloquo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a performer who projects the voice into a wooden dummy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture capitalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speculator who makes money available for innovative projects (especially in high technology)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venturer", + "merchant-venturer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a merchant who undertakes a trading venture (especially a venture that sends goods overseas)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a church officer who takes care of the interior of the building and acts as an attendant (carries the verge) during ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermin", + "varmint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an irritating or obnoxious person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "very important person", + "VIP", + "high-up", + "dignitary", + "panjandrum", + "high muckamuck" + ], + "it": [ + "VIP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important or influential (and often overbearing) person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chaste woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestryman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is a member of a church vestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vestrywoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who is a member of a church vestry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veteran", + "old-timer", + "oldtimer", + "old hand", + "warhorse", + "old stager", + "stager" + ], + "it": [ + "veterano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an experienced person who has been through many battles; someone who has given long service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veteran", + "vet", + "ex-serviceman" + ], + "it": [ + "ex combattente", + "veterano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has served in the armed forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veteran", + "veteran soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a serviceman who has seen considerable active service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veterinarian", + "veterinary", + "veterinary surgeon", + "vet" + ], + "it": [ + "veterinario", + "zooiatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a doctor who practices veterinary medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibist", + "vibraphonist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the vibraphone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicar" + ], + "it": [ + "curato", + "vicario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicar" + ], + "it": [ + "curato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicar" + ], + "it": [ + "curato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicar apostolic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a titular Roman Catholic bishop in a non-Catholic area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicar-general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an administrative deputy who assists a bishop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice admiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an admiral ranking below a full admiral and above a rear admiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice chairman" + ], + "it": [ + "vicepresidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one ranking below or serving in the place of a chairman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice chancellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deputy or assistant to someone bearing the title of chancellor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicegerent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone appointed by a ruler as an administrative deputy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice president", + "V.P." + ], + "it": [ + "vicepresidente", + "vice presidente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an executive officer ranking immediately below a president; may serve in the president's place under certain circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vice President of the United States" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the vice president of the United States who presides over the United States Senate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vice-regent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a regent's deputy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viceroy", + "vicereine" + ], + "it": [ + "viceré" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vicereine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of a viceroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victim" + ], + "it": [ + "vittima", + "danneggiato", + "disastrato", + "mal capitato", + "malcapitato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victim", + "dupe" + ], + "it": [ + "vittima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is tricked or swindled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimizer", + "victimiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who victimizes others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victor", + "master", + "superior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a combatant who is able to defeat rivals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victorian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lived during the reign of Victoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victualer", + "victualler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an innkeeper (especially British)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vigilante", + "vigilance man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of a vigilance committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villager" + ], + "it": [ + "paesano", + "villico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who has lived in a village most of their life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villain", + "scoundrel" + ], + "it": [ + "barabba", + "boia", + "brigante", + "canaglia", + "delinquente", + "farabutto", + "fellone", + "furfante", + "galeotto", + "malandrino", + "manigoldo", + "mascalzone", + "masnadiere", + "masnadiero", + "miserabile", + "panurgo", + "reprobo", + "ribaldo", + "scellerato", + "tipaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villain", + "baddie" + ], + "it": [ + "cattivo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the principal bad character in a film or work of fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "villainess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman villain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vintager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who harvests grapes for making wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vintner", + "winemaker", + "wine maker" + ], + "it": [ + "vinificatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vintner", + "wine merchant" + ], + "it": [ + "commerciante di vini", + "vinaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sells wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violator", + "debaucher", + "ravisher" + ], + "it": [ + "stupratore", + "violatore", + "violentatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who assaults others sexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violator", + "lawbreaker", + "law offender" + ], + "it": [ + "trasgressore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who violates the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violinist", + "fiddler" + ], + "it": [ + "violinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the violin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violin maker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes violins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who plays the viola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noisy or scolding or domineering woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virgin" + ], + "it": [ + "vergine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has never had sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virologist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in virology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtuoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a musician who is a consummate master of technique and artistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Visayan", + "Bisayan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the most numerous indigenous people of the Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscount" + ], + "it": [ + "visconte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British peer who ranks below an earl and above a baron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscountess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a noblewoman holding the rank of viscount in her own right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscountess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wife or widow of a viscount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viscount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Visigoth" + ], + "it": [ + "Visigoto", + "visigoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the western group of Goths who sacked Rome and created a kingdom in present-day Spain and southern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visionary", + "illusionist", + "seer" + ], + "it": [ + "visionario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person with unusual powers of foresight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visionary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person given to fanciful speculations and enthusiasms with little regard for what is actually possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visiting fireman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important or distinguished visitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visiting nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nurse who is paid to visit the sick in their homes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visiting professor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professor visiting another college or university to teach for a limited time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visitor", + "visitant" + ], + "it": [ + "visitatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who visits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visualizer", + "visualiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one whose prevailing mental imagery is visual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visually impaired person" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who has inferior vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who believes in vitalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vital principle", + "life principle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical force to which the functions and qualities peculiar to living things are sometimes ascribed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "viticulturist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cultivator of grape vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivisectionist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a biologist who cuts open live animals for research" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vixen", + "harpy", + "hellcat" + ], + "it": [ + "arpia", + "megera", + "strega" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a malicious woman with a fierce temper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vizier" + ], + "it": [ + "visir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high official in a Muslim government (especially in the Ottoman Empire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vociferator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loud and vehement speaker (usually in protest)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "voce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(metonymy) a singer" + ], + "it": [ + "cantante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a speaker who voices an opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voicer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who regulates the tone of organ pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volleyball player" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays the game of volleyball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volunteer", + "unpaid worker" + ], + "it": [ + "volontario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who performs voluntary work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volunteer", + "military volunteer", + "voluntary" + ], + "it": [ + "volontario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(military) a person who freely enlists for service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voluptuary", + "sybarite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person addicted to luxury and pleasures of the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomiter", + "spewer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who vomits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "votary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a devoted (almost religiously so) adherent of a cause or person or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "votary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a priest or priestess (or consecrated worshipper) in a non-Christian religion or cult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "votary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one bound by vows to a religion or life of worship or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voter", + "elector" + ], + "it": [ + "elettore", + "votante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a citizen who has a legal right to vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouchee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person called into court to defend a title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voucher", + "verifier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who vouches for another or for the correctness of a statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes a solemn promise to do something or behave in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voyager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voyeur", + "Peeping Tom", + "peeper" + ], + "it": [ + "guardone", + "voyeur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a viewer who enjoys seeing the sex acts or sex organs of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulcanizer", + "vulcaniser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who vulcanizes rubber to improve its strength and resiliency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulgarian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vulgar person (especially someone who makes a vulgar display of wealth)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulgarizer", + "vulgariser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes something vulgar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Women's Army Corps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waddler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who walks with a waddling gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waffler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who speaks or writes in a vague and evasive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wag", + "wit", + "card" + ], + "it": [ + "freddurista", + "spiritoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a witty amusing person who makes jokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagnerian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a follower of the theories or an admirer of the music of Richard Wagner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagoner", + "waggoner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the driver of a wagon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wagonwright", + "waggonwright", + "wainwright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wagon maker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wahhabi", + "Wahabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of a strictly orthodox Sunni Muslim sect from Saudi Arabia; strives to purify Islamic beliefs and rejects any innovation occurring after the 3rd century of Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i93999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waif", + "street child" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bambino abbandonato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homeless child especially one forsaken or orphaned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mourner who utters long loud high-pitched cries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waiter", + "server" + ], + "it": [ + "cameriere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waitress" + ], + "it": [ + "cameriera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman waiter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waiter" + ], + "it": [ + "chi aspetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who waits or awaits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who awakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waker", + "rouser", + "arouser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who rouses others from sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an operative who initiates his own defection (usually to a hostile country) for political asylum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person who walks in without having an appointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walking delegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a union representative who visits workers at their jobs to see whether agreements are observed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk-on" + ], + "it": [ + "comparsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plays a small part in a dramatic production" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually in combination: person in charge of or employed at a particular thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remains on sidelines at social event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walloper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a winner by a wide margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walloper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very hard hitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallpaperer", + "wall-paperer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who papers walls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a silly and inept person; someone who is regarded as stupid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walter Mitty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fictional character created by James Thurber who daydreams about his adventures and triumphs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waltzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dancer who waltzes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanderer", + "roamer", + "rover", + "bird of passage" + ], + "it": [ + "giramondo", + "girovago", + "nomade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who leads a wandering unsettled life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wandering Jew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary Jew condemned to roam the world for mocking Jesus at the Crucifixion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanter", + "needer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who wants or needs something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lewd or lascivious woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war baby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceived or born during war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warbler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer; usually a singer who adds embellishments to the song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war bride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bride of a serviceman during wartime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war correspondent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a journalist who sends news reports and commentary from a combat zone or place of battle for publication or broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war criminal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an offender who violates international law during times of war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ward" + ], + "it": [ + "pupillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief official in charge of a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warder" + ], + "it": [ + "direttore", + "guardia carceraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who works in a prison and is in charge of prisoners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wardress" + ], + "it": [ + "carceriera", + "guardia carceraria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman warder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warehouser", + "warehouseman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who manages or works in a warehouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war god", + "god of war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a god worshipped as giving victory in war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male witch or demon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warlord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives a warning to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrantee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a customer to whom a warrant or guarantee is given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrantee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a recipient of a warrant issued by a court in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrant officer" + ], + "it": [ + "maresciallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "holds rank by virtue of a warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintains a rabbit warren" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warrior" + ], + "it": [ + "guerriero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone engaged in or experienced in warfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war widow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman whose husband has died in war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washer" + ], + "it": [ + "addetto al lavaggio", + "lavandaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who washes things for a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washerman", + "laundryman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operates industrial washing machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "washwoman", + "washerwoman", + "laundrywoman", + "laundress" + ], + "it": [ + "lavandaia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a working woman who takes in washing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wassailer", + "carouser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who enjoys riotous drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wastrel", + "waster" + ], + "it": [ + "dilapidatore", + "sprecone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who dissipates resources self-indulgently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchdog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guardian or defender against theft or illegal practices or waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who keeps a devotional vigil by a sick bed or by a dead body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchmaker", + "horologist", + "horologer" + ], + "it": [ + "orologiaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs watches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watchman", + "watcher", + "security guard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardiano", + "sorvegliante", + "vigilante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guard who keeps watch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water boy", + "waterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an assistant who supplies drinking water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water dog", + "water rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who enjoys being in or on the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolorist", + "watercolourist" + ], + "it": [ + "acquarellista", + "acquerellista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a painter who paints with watercolors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who waters plants or crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water witch", + "dowser", + "rhabdomancer" + ], + "it": [ + "rabdomante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who uses a divining rod to find underground water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy; originally organized during World War II but now no longer a separate branch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who communicates by waving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wayfarer", + "journeyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a traveler going on a trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wayfarer" + ], + "it": [ + "viandante", + "viatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pedestrian who walks from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weakling", + "doormat", + "wuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is physically weak and ineffectual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who wears or carries or displays something as a body covering or accessory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weasel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is regarded as treacherous or sneaky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weatherman", + "weather forecaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predicts the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaver" + ], + "it": [ + "tessitore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a craftsman who weaves cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "webmaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a technician who designs or maintains a website" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedding guest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a guest at a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who vacations on a weekend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekend warrior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reservist who fulfills the military obligation on weekends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekend warrior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a homeowner who acts as a contractor and tries to do major improvement projects on weekends (often without understanding the scope of the work to be done)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a farmhand hired to remove weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeper" + ], + "it": [ + "prefica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hired mourner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeper", + "crier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who weeps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an official who weighs and records the weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weightlifter", + "lifter" + ], + "it": [ + "pesista", + "sollevatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an athlete who lifts barbells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcher", + "welsher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who swindles you by not repaying a debt or wager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welder" + ], + "it": [ + "saldatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joins pieces of metal by welding them together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welfare case", + "charity case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a case for a welfare worker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welterweight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a professional boxer who weighs between 141 and 147 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welterweight" + ], + "it": [ + "medioleggero", + "peso welter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wrestler who weighs 154-172 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welterweight" + ], + "it": [ + "medioleggero", + "welter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 148 pounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wencher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who patronizes prostitutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "westerner" + ], + "it": [ + "occidentale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an inhabitant of a western area; especially of the U.S." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Indian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a native or inhabitant of the West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West-sider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a resident of the west side of Manhattan in New York City" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet nurse", + "wet-nurse", + "wetnurse", + "amah" + ], + "it": [ + "balia", + "nutrice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman hired to suckle a child of someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wetter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a workman who wets the work in a manufacturing process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whaler" + ], + "it": [ + "baleniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seaman who works on a ship that hunts whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives near wharves and lives by pilfering from ships or warehouses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheedler", + "coaxer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who tries to persuade by blandishment and coaxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the man at the outermost end of the rank in wheeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheelwright", + "wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes and repairs wooden wheels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a batter who strikes out by swinging at and missing the third strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Whig Party that existed in the United States before the American Civil War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a supporter of the American Revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the political party that urged social reform in 18th and 19th century England; was the opposition party to the Tories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiner", + "complainer", + "moaner", + "sniveller", + "crybaby", + "bellyacher", + "grumbler", + "squawker" + ], + "it": [ + "borbottone", + "brontolone", + "frignone", + "gnaulone", + "mormoratore", + "piagnone", + "piagnucolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person given to excessive complaints and crying and whining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip", + "party whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legislator appointed by the party to enforce discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipper-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "huntsman's assistant in managing the hounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whippersnapper", + "jackanapes", + "lightweight" + ], + "it": [ + "sfrontatello", + "piccolo impertinente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is unimportant but cheeky and presumptuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirling dervish", + "whirler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dervish whose actions include ecstatic dancing and whirling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisperer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who speaks in a whisper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle blower", + "whistle-blower", + "whistleblower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an informant who exposes wrongdoing within an organization in the hope of stopping it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes a loud high sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whited sepulcher", + "whited sepulchre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is inwardly evil but outwardly professes to be virtuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiteface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a clown whose face is covered with white make-up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carmelite", + "White Friar" + ], + "it": [ + "carmelitano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic friar wearing the white cloak of the Carmelite order; mendicant preachers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominican", + "Black Friar", + "Blackfriar", + "friar preacher" + ], + "it": [ + "domenicano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic friar wearing the black mantle of the Dominican order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franciscan", + "Grey Friar" + ], + "it": [ + "francescano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic friar wearing the grey habit of the Franciscan order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustinian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic friar or monk belonging to one of the Augustinian monastic orders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austin Friar" + ], + "it": [ + "agostiniano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the Roman Catholic hermits of Saint Augustine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white hope", + "great white hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone (or something) expected to achieve great success in a given field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white separatist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who advocates a society in which white people live separately from members of other races" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white slave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman sold into prostitution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white slaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who forces women to become prostitutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white supremacist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who believes that the white race is or should be supreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whittler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who whittles (usually as an idle pastime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoremaster", + "whoremonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pimp who procures whores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoremaster", + "whoremonger", + "john", + "trick" + ], + "it": [ + "puttaniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prostitute's customer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiccan", + "witch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a believer in Wicca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wicket-keeper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stands behind the wicket to catch balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widow", + "widow woman" + ], + "it": [ + "vedova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widower", + "widowman" + ], + "it": [ + "vedovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man whose wife is dead especially one who has not remarried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wife", + "married woman" + ], + "it": [ + "moglie", + "sposa", + "signora", + "maritata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a married woman; a man's partner in marriage" + ], + "it": [ + "una donna unita in matrimonio con un uomo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiggler", + "wriggler", + "squirmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who can't stay still (especially a child)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wigmaker" + ], + "it": [ + "parruccaio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes and sells wigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildcatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oilman who drills exploratory wells in territory not known to be an oil field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild man", + "feral man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not socialized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wimp", + "chicken", + "crybaby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who lacks confidence, is irresolute and wishy-washy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who winds (e.g., a winch or clock or other mechanism)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hockey player stationed in a forward position on either side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(football) the person who plays wingback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wing commander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(RAF rank) one who is next below a group captain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(sports) player in wing position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wingman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pilot who positions his aircraft outside and behind (on the wing of) the leader of a flying formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gambler who wins a bet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winner", + "victor" + ], + "it": [ + "vincitore", + "trionfatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the contestant who wins the contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window cleaner" + ], + "it": [ + "lavavetri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who cleans windows for pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window dresser", + "window trimmer" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrinista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who decorates shop windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window washer" + ], + "it": [ + "lavavetri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who washes windows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine taster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a taster who evaluates the quality of wines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who winks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who wipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wireman", + "wirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a worker who installs and repairs electric wiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire-puller" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who uses secret influence (i.e. pulls wires or strings) for his own ends" + ], + "it": [ + "una persona, soprattuto un politico, che tira le fila della situazione a proprio vantaggio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sends a telegram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wise guy", + "smart aleck", + "wiseacre", + "wisenheimer", + "weisenheimer" + ], + "it": [ + "cacasenno", + "saputo", + "sputasenno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an upstart who makes conceited, sardonic, insolent comments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "term of address for a disrespectful and annoying male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "stregone", + "medico stregone", + "medico-stregone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is believed to heal through magical powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witch-hunter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who identifies and punishes people for their opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a depositor who withdraws funds previously deposited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student who withdraws from the educational institution in which he or she was enrolled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a contestant who withdraws from competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drug addict who is discontinuing the use of narcotics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an individualist who withdraws from social interaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdrawer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an authority who withdraws permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who restrains or checks or holds back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withholder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who refrains from granting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withstander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an opponent who resists with force or resolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness", + "witnesser", + "informant" + ], + "it": [ + "testimone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who sees an event and reports what happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness", + "attestant", + "attestor", + "attestator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person who attests to the genuineness of a document or signature by adding their own signature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wittol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an archaic term for a cuckold who knows about his wife's infidelity but tolerates it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wobbly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of the Industrial Workers of the World" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(offensive British slang) term used by the British to refer to people of color from Africa or Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf", + "woman chaser", + "skirt chaser", + "masher" + ], + "it": [ + "calabrone", + "pappagallo", + "pomicione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is aggressive in making amorous advances to women" + ], + "it": [ + "uomo che tenta approcci molto espliciti con le donne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf boy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a male person assumed to have been raised by wolves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woman", + "adult female" + ], + "it": [ + "donna", + "signora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)" + ], + "it": [ + "persona adulta di sesso femminile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woman" + ], + "it": [ + "donna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man" + ], + "it": [ + "compagna di vita, persona che si ama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "womanizer", + "womaniser", + "philanderer" + ], + "it": [ + "casanova", + "dongiovanni", + "donnaiolo", + "farfallone", + "sciupafemmine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who likes many women and has short sexual relationships with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder boy", + "golden boy" + ], + "it": [ + "ragazzo prodigio", + "bambino prodigio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a man who is unusually successful at an early age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonderer", + "marveller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone filled with admiration and awe; someone who wonders at something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonderer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who is curious about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder woman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woman who can be a successful wife and have a professional career at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcarver", + "carver" + ], + "it": [ + "intagliatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makes decorative wooden panels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodcutter" + ], + "it": [ + "boscaiolo", + "legnaiolo", + "spaccalegna", + "tagliaboschi", + "taglialegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cuts down trees and chops wood as a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodworker", + "woodsman", + "woodman" + ], + "it": [ + "falegname" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "makes things out of wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodsman", + "woodman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who lives in the woods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool stapler", + "woolsorter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who sorts wool into different grades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wool stapler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dealer in wool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wordmonger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer who uses language carelessly or pretentiously with little regard for meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "word-painter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a writer of vivid or graphic descriptive power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wordsmith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluent and prolific writer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workaholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "person with a compulsive need to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "working girl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young woman who is employed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workman", + "workingman", + "working man", + "working person" + ], + "it": [ + "operaio", + "lavorante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an employee who performs manual or industrial labor" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoratore che svolge una attività di tipo manuale, soprattutto nell'industria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "workmate" + ], + "it": [ + "collega di lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fellow worker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worldling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person absorbed by the concerns and interests and pleasures of the present world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worm", + "louse", + "insect", + "dirt ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who has a nasty or unethical character undeserving of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worrier", + "fuss-budget", + "fusspot", + "worrywart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thinks about unfortunate things that might happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worshiper", + "worshipper" + ], + "it": [ + "adoratore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who admires too much to recognize faults" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worthy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an important, honorable person (word is often used humorously)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrangler" + ], + "it": [ + "litigante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who argues noisily or angrily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrecker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who demolishes or dismantles buildings as a job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who obtains something by pulling it violently with twisting movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestler", + "grappler", + "matman" + ], + "it": [ + "lottatore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combatant who tries to throw opponent to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wretch" + ], + "it": [ + "delinquente", + "disgraziato", + "miserabile", + "sciagurato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "performs some wicked deed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who makes or repairs something (usually used in combination)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write-in candidate", + "write-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a candidate for public office whose name does not appear on the ballot and so must be written on the ballot by the voters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writer", + "author" + ], + "it": [ + "autore", + "scrittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)" + ], + "it": [ + "qualcuno che scrive (libri, articoli o simili) professionalmente (a pagamento)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writer" + ], + "it": [ + "scrittore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is able to write and has written something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wykehamist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a student enrolled in (or graduated from) Winchester College" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "xylophonist" + ], + "it": [ + "silofonista", + "xilofonista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who plays a xylophone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yakuza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese gangster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yahoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of a race of brutes resembling men but subject to the Houyhnhnms in a novel by Jonathan Swift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yachtsman", + "yachtswoman" + ], + "it": [ + "velista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who owns or sails a yacht" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yanker", + "jerker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "someone who gives a strong sudden pull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yankee", + "Yank", + "Northerner" + ], + "it": [ + "nordista", + "yankee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American who lives in the North (especially during the American Civil War)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yard bird", + "yardbird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a military recruit who is assigned menial tasks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "member of an international gang of Jamaican criminals who sell drugs and violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a laborer hired to do outdoor work (such as mowing lawns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worker in a railway yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yardmaster", + "trainmaster", + "train dispatcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a railroad employer who is in charge of a railway yard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who yawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a woman who talks too much; a gossip unable to keep a secret; a woman who spreads rumors and scandal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Yiddish) a vulgar shrew; a shallow coarse termagant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeoman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former times was free and cultivated his own land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yeoman", + "yeoman of the guard", + "beefeater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "officer in the (ceremonial) bodyguard of the British monarch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yodeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a singer who changes register rapidly (popular is Swiss folk songs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yogi" + ], + "it": [ + "yogi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one who practices yoga and has achieved a high level of spiritual insight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yokel", + "rube", + "hick", + "yahoo", + "hayseed", + "bumpkin", + "chawbacon" + ], + "it": [ + "bifolco", + "mal educato", + "maleducato", + "tanghero", + "villano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a person who is not very intelligent or interested in culture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young buck", + "young man" + ], + "it": [ + "giovane", + "giovanetto", + "picciotto", + "ragazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teenager or a young adult male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young person", + "youth", + "younker", + "spring chicken" + ], + "it": [ + "giovanotto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young person (especially a young man or boy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "young Turk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young radical who agitates for reform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young Turk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of one or more of the insurgent groups in Turkey in the late 19th century who rebelled against the absolutism of Ottoman rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yuppie" + ], + "it": [ + "yuppie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young upwardly mobile professional individual; a well-paid middle-class professional who works in a city and has a luxurious life style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zany" + ], + "it": [ + "zanni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a buffoon in one of the old comedies; imitates others for ludicrous effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zealot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a member of an ancient Jewish sect in Judea in the first century who fought to the death against the Romans and who killed or persecuted Jews who collaborated with the Romans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zionist" + ], + "it": [ + "sionista" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jewish supporter of Zionism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zombi", + "zombie", + "living dead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dead body that has been brought back to life by a supernatural force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zombi", + "zombie", + "snake god" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a god of voodoo cults of African origin worshipped especially in West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zombi", + "zombie", + "zombi spirit", + "zombie spirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(voodooism) a spirit or supernatural force that reanimates a dead body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoo keeper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "guardiano di zoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the chief person responsible for a zoological garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoologist", + "animal scientist" + ], + "it": [ + "zoologo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialist in the branch of biology dealing with animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zurvan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Zoroastrian god of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aalto", + "Alvar Aalto", + "Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Finnish architect and designer of furniture (1898-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aaron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) elder brother of Moses and first high priest of the Israelites; created the golden calf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aaron", + "Henry Louis Aaron", + "Hank Aaron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States professional baseball player who hit more home runs than Babe Ruth (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abel", + "Niels Abel", + "Niels Henrik Abel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian mathematician (1802-1829)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abelard", + "Peter Abelard", + "Pierre Abelard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher and theologian; lover of Heloise (1079-1142)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abraham", + "Ibrahim" + ], + "it": [ + "Abramo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac; according to Genesis, God promised to give Abraham's family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan (the Promised Land); God tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acheson", + "Dean Acheson", + "Dean Gooderham Acheson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States statesman who promoted the Marshall Plan and helped establish NATO (1893-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adam", + "Robert Adam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish architect who designed many public buildings in England and Scotland (1728-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adams", + "John Adams", + "President Adams", + "President John Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "2nd President of the United States (1735-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adams", + "John Quincy Adams", + "President Adams", + "President John Quincy Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "6th President of the United States; son of John Adams (1767-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adams", + "Sam Adams", + "Samuel Adams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adenauer", + "Konrad Adenauer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German statesman; chancellor of West Germany (1876-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adrian", + "Edgar Douglas Adrian", + "Baron Adrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physiologist who conducted research into the function of neurons; 1st baron of Cambridge (1889-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aeschylus" + ], + "it": [ + "Eschilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek tragedian; the father of Greek tragic drama (525-456 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aesop" + ], + "it": [ + "Esopo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek author of fables (circa 620-560 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agassiz", + "Louis Agassiz", + "Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naturalist (born in Switzerland) who studied fossil fish; recognized geological evidence that ice ages had occurred in North America (1807-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agee", + "James Agee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (1909-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agricola", + "Gnaeus Julius Agricola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general who was governor of Britain and extended Roman rule north to the Firth of Forth (37-93)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrippa", + "Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general who commanded the fleet that defeated the forces of Antony and Cleopatra at Actium (63-12 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrippina", + "Agrippina the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "granddaughter of Augustus and mother of Caligula and Agrippina the Younger (14 BC - AD 33)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrippina", + "Agrippina the Younger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife who poisoned Claudius after her son Nero was declared heir and who was then put to death by Nero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ahab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according to the Old Testament he was a pagan king of Israel and husband of Jezebel (9th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aiken", + "Conrad Aiken", + "Conrad Potter Aiken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1889-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ailey", + "Alvin Ailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States choreographer noted for his use of African elements (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "a Kempis", + "Thomas a Kempis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German ecclesiastic (1380-1471)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Akhenaton", + "Akhenaten", + "Ikhanaton", + "Amenhotep IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early ruler of Egypt who rejected the old gods and replaced them with sun worship (died in 1358 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alaric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albee", + "Edward Albee", + "Edward Franklin Albeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dramatist (1928-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albers", + "Josef Albers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter born in Germany; works characterized by simple geometrical patterns in various colors (1888-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Albert", + "Prince Albert", + "Albert Francis Charles Augustus Emmanuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prince consort of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alberti", + "Leon Battista Alberti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian architect and painter; pioneering theoretician of Renaissance architecture (1404-1472)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek lyric poet of Lesbos; reputed inventor of Alcaic verse (611-580 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcibiades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Athenian statesman and general in the Peloponnesian War (circa 450-404 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alcott", + "Louisa May Alcott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist noted for children's books (1832-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander", + "Alexander the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Macedon; conqueror of Greece and Egypt and Persia; founder of Alexandria (356-323 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander I", + "Czar Alexander I", + "Aleksandr Pavlovich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the czar of Russia whose plans to liberalize the government of Russia were unrealized because of the wars with Napoleon (1777-1825)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander II", + "Czar Alexander II", + "Alexander the Liberator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that included limited emancipation of the serfs (1818-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander III", + "Czar Alexander III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Alexander II who was czar of Russia (1845-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alexander VI", + "Pope Alexander VI", + "Borgia", + "Rodrigo Borgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pope and father of Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia (1431-1503)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alfred", + "Alfred the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alger", + "Horatio Alger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author of inspirational adventure stories for boys; virtue and hard work overcome poverty (1832-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Algren", + "Nelson Algren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1909-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Al-hakim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Ismaili caliph of Egypt who declared himself an incarnation of God and founded the Druze religious sect (985-1021)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alhazen", + "Alhacen", + "al-Haytham", + "Ibn al-Haytham", + "Al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Egyptian polymath (born in Iraq) whose research in geometry and optics was influential into the 17th century; established experiments as the norm of proof in physics (died in 1040)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites; he was a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad; after his assassination Islam was divided into Shiite and Sunnite sects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ali", + "Muhammad Ali", + "Cassius Clay", + "Cassius Marcellus Clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship three times (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allen", + "Ethan Allen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier of the American Revolution whose troops helped capture Fort Ticonderoga from the British (1738-1789)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allen", + "Woody Allen", + "Allen Stewart Konigsberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker and comic actor (1935-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allen", + "Gracie Allen", + "Grace Ethel Cecile Rosalie Allen", + "Gracie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedienne remembered as the confused but imperturbable partner of her husband, George Burns (1906-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alonso", + "Alicia Alonso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cuban dancer and choreographer (born in 1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amati", + "Nicolo Amati", + "Nicola Amati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian violin maker in Cremona; taught the craft to Guarneri and Stradivari (1596-1684)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ambrose", + "Saint Ambrose", + "St. Ambrose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan; the first Church Father born and raised in the Christian faith; composer of hymns; imposed orthodoxy on the early Christian church and built up its secular power; a saint and Doctor of the Church (340?-397)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew shepherd and minor prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amundsen", + "Roald Amundsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian explorer who was the first to traverse the Northwest Passage and in 1911 the first to reach the South Pole (1872-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaxagoras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Athenian philosopher who maintained that everything is composed of very small particles that were arranged by some eternal intelligence (500-428 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaximander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Greek philosopher and student of Thales who believed the universal substance to be infinity rather than something resembling ordinary objects (611-547 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaximenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Greek philosopher and associate of Anaximander who believed that all things are made of air in different degrees of density (6th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andersen", + "Hans Christian Andersen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Danish author remembered for his fairy stories (1805-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anderson", + "Carl Anderson", + "Carl David Anderson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who discovered antimatter in the form of an antielectron that is called the positron (1905-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anderson", + "Marian Anderson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States contralto noted for her performance of spirituals (1902-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anderson", + "Maxwell Anderson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dramatist (1888-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anderson", + "Philip Anderson", + "Philip Warren Anderson", + "Phil Anderson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who studied the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems (1923-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anderson", + "Sherwood Anderson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author whose works were frequently autobiographical (1876-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andrew", + "Saint Andrew", + "St. Andrew", + "Saint Andrew the Apostle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andrews", + "Roy Chapman Andrews" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naturalist who contributed to paleontology and geology (1884-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; daughter if James II and the last of the Stuart monarchs; in 1707 she was the last English ruler to exercise the royal veto over parliament (1665-1714)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anouilh", + "Jean Anouilh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French dramatist noted for his reinterpretations of Greek myths (1910-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anselm", + "Saint Anselm", + "St. Anselm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian who was a Benedictine monk; was archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109; one of the founders of scholasticism; best known for his proof of the existence of God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthony", + "Susan Anthony", + "Susan B. Anthony", + "Susan Brownell Anthony" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States suffragist (1820-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antichrist" + ], + "it": [ + "anticristo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Christianity) the adversary of Christ (or Christianity) mentioned in the New Testament; the Antichrist will rule the world until overthrown by the Second Coming of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antigonus", + "Antigonus Cyclops", + "Monophthalmos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a general of Alexander the Great and king of Macedonia; lost one eye; killed in a battle at Ipsus (382-301 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antoninus", + "Aurelius", + "Marcus Aurelius", + "Marcus Aurelius Antoninus", + "Marcus Annius Verus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome; nephew and son-in-law and adoptive son of Antonius Pius; Stoic philosopher; the decline of the Roman Empire began under Marcus Aurelius (121-180)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antonius Pius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome; adoptive son of Hadrian (86-161)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antony", + "Anthony", + "Mark Antony", + "Mark Anthony", + "Antonius", + "Marcus Antonius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apollinaire", + "Guillaume Apollinaire", + "Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet; precursor of surrealism (1880-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Appleton", + "Edward Appleton", + "Sir Edward Victor Appleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist remembered for his studies of the ionosphere (1892-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aquinas", + "Thomas Aquinas", + "Saint Thomas", + "St. Thomas", + "Saint Thomas Aquinas", + "St. Thomas Aquinas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arafat", + "Yasser Arafat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Palestinian statesman who was chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (1929-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aragon", + "Louis Aragon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who generalized surrealism to literature (1897-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Archimedes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek mathematician and physicist noted for his work in hydrostatics and mechanics and geometry (287-212 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arendt", + "Hannah Arendt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian and political philosopher (born in Germany) (1906-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristarchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek grammarian remembered for his commentary on the Iliad and Odyssey (circa 217-145 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristarchus of Samos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek astronomer who was one of the first to propose a heliocentric theory of the universe (circa 270 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristophanes" + ], + "it": [ + "Aristofane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek dramatist remembered for his comedies (448-380 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristotle" + ], + "it": [ + "Aristotele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of Plato; teacher of Alexander the Great (384-322 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek who was a Christian theologian active in Alexandria and who was declared a heretic for his doctrines about God (which came to be known as Arianism) (256?-336)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminius", + "Armin", + "Hermann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German hero; leader at the battle of Teutoburger Wald in AD 9 (circa 18 BC - AD 19)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arminius", + "Jacobus Arminius", + "Jacob Harmensen", + "Jakob Hermandszoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch Protestant theologian who founded Arminianism which opposed the absolute predestinarianism of John Calvin (1559-1609)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armstrong", + "Louis Armstrong", + "Satchmo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pioneering jazz trumpeter and bandleader (1900-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armstrong", + "Neil Armstrong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronaut; the first man to set foot on the Moon (July 20, 1969) (1930-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnold", + "Benedict Arnold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general and traitor in the American Revolution; in 1780 his plan to surrender West Point to the British was foiled (1741-1801)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnold", + "Matthew Arnold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnold of Brescia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian theologian who censured the worldly possessions of monks and the temporal power of bishops and was condemned for dogmatic errors by the Second Lateran Council (early 12th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arp", + "Jean Arp", + "Hans Arp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Alsatian artist and poet who was cofounder of dadaism in Zurich; noted for abstract organic sculptures (1887-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arrhenius", + "Svante August Arrhenius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish chemist and physicist noted for his theory of chemical dissociation (1859-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artaxerxes I", + "Artaxerxes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia who sanctioned the practice of Judaism in Jerusalem (?-424 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Artaxerxes II", + "Artaxerxes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia who subdued numerous revolutions and made peace with Sparta (?-359 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arthur", + "King Arthur" + ], + "it": [ + "Artù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary king of the Britons (possibly based on a historical figure in the 6th century but the story has been retold too many times to be sure); said to have led the Knights of the Round Table at Camelot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arthur", + "Chester A. Arthur", + "Chester Alan Arthur", + "President Arthur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asanga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian religious leader and founder of the Yogacara school of Buddhism in India (4th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asch", + "Sholem Asch", + "Shalom Asch", + "Sholom Asch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Poland) who wrote in Yiddish (1880-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashe", + "Arthur Ashe", + "Arthur Robert Ashe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who was the first Black to win United States and English singles championships (1943-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashton", + "Sir Frederick Ashton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British choreographer (1906-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ashurbanipal", + "Assurbanipal", + "Asurbanipal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Assyria who built a magnificent palace and library at Nineveh (668-627 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asimov", + "Isaac Asimov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Russia) noted for his science fiction (1920-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astaire", + "Fred Astaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and cinema actor noted for his original and graceful tap dancing (1899-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astor", + "John Jacob Astor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States capitalist (born in Germany) who made a fortune in fur trading (1763-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Astor", + "Nancy Witcher Astor", + "Viscountess Astor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British politician (born in the United States) who was the first woman to sit in the British House of Commons (1879-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ataturk", + "Kemal Ataturk", + "Kemal Pasha", + "Mustafa Kemal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Turkish statesman who abolished the caliphate and founded Turkey as a modern secular state (1881-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athanasius", + "Saint Athanasius", + "St. Athanasius", + "Athanasius the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) Greek patriarch of Alexandria who championed Christian orthodoxy against Arianism; a church father, saint, and Doctor of the Church (293-373)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athelstan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Saxon ruler who extended his kingdom to include nearly all of England (895-939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attila", + "Attila the Hun", + "Scourge of God", + "Scourge of the Gods" + ], + "it": [ + "Attila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Huns; the most successful barbarian invader of the Roman Empire (406-453)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Attlee", + "Clement Attlee", + "Clement Richard Attlee", + "1st Earl Attlee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman and leader of the Labour Party who instituted the welfare state in Britain (1883-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auchincloss", + "Louis Auchincloss", + "Louis Stanton Auchincloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Auden", + "W. H. Auden", + "Wystan Hugh Auden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (born in England) (1907-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Audubon", + "John James Audubon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States ornithologist and artist (born in Haiti) noted for his paintings of birds of America (1785-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustine", + "Saint Augustine", + "St. Augustine", + "Augustine of Hippo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Augustus", + "Gaius Octavianus", + "Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus", + "Octavian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austen", + "Jane Austen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist noted for her insightful portrayals of middle-class families (1775-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Averroes", + "ibn-Roshd", + "Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-Roshd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avicenna", + "ibn-Sina", + "Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher; his interpretation of Aristotle influenced St. Thomas Aquinas; writings on medicine were important for almost 500 years (980-1037)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Avogadro", + "Amedeo Avogadro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian physicist noted for his work on gases; proposed what has come to be called Avogadro's law (1776-1856)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bach", + "Johann Sebastian Bach" + ], + "it": [ + "Bach", + "Johann Sebastian Bach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German baroque organist and contrapuntist; composed mostly keyboard music; one of the greatest creators of western music (1685-1750)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacon", + "Francis Bacon", + "Sir Francis Bacon", + "Baron Verulam", + "1st Baron Verulam", + "Viscount St. Albans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman and philosopher; precursor of British empiricism; advocated inductive reasoning (1561-1626)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bacon", + "Roger Bacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English scientist and Franciscan monk who stressed the importance of experimentation; first showed that air is required for combustion and first used lenses to correct vision (1220-1292)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baedeker", + "Karl Baedeker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German publisher of a series of travel guidebooks (1801-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bailey", + "Nathan Bailey", + "Nathaniel Bailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lexicographer who was the first to treat etymology consistently; his work was used as a reference by Samuel Johnson (died in 1742)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bailey", + "Pearl Bailey", + "Pearl Mae Bailey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer (1918-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bakunin", + "Mikhail Bakunin", + "Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian anarchist; ally and later opponent of Karl Marx (1814-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balanchine", + "George Balanchine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer (born in Russia) noted for his abstract and formal works (1904-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balboa", + "Vasco Nunez de Balboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish explorer who in 1513 crossed the Isthmus of Darien and became the first European to see the eastern shores of the Pacific Ocean (1475-1519)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baldwin", + "Stanley Baldwin", + "1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman; member of the Conservative Party (1867-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baldwin", + "James Baldwin", + "James Arthur Baldwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author who was an outspoken critic of racism (1924-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balenciaga", + "Cristobal Balenciaga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish fashion designer known for his stark elegant designs (1895-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balfour", + "Arthur James Balfour", + "1st Earl of Balfour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman; member of the Conservative Party (1848-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ball", + "Lucille Ball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedienne best known as the star of a popular television program (1911-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balthazar", + "Balthasar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) one of the three sages from the east who came bearing gifts for the infant Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balzac", + "Honore Balzac", + "Honore de Balzac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist; he portrays the complexity of 19th century French society (1799-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bankhead", + "Tallulah Bankhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "uninhibited United States actress (1903-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Banks", + "Sir Joseph Banks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bannister", + "Roger Bannister", + "Sir Roger Gilbert Bannister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English runner who in 1954 became the first person to run a mile in less than four minutes (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Banting", + "F. G. Banting", + "Sir Frederick Grant Banting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian physiologist who discovered insulin with C. H. Best and who used it to treat diabetes(1891-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baraka", + "Imamu Amiri Baraka", + "LeRoi Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of poems and plays about racial conflict (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barany", + "Robert Barany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physician who developed a rotational method for testing the middle ear (1876-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbarossa", + "Khayr ad-Din" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Barbary pirate (died in 1546)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barber", + "Samuel Barber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (1910-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bardeen", + "John Bardeen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who won the Nobel prize for physics twice (1908-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barkley", + "Alben Barkley", + "Alben William Barkley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and lawyer; vice president of the United States (1877-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barnum", + "P. T. Barnum", + "Phineas Taylor Barnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States showman who popularized the circus (1810-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrie", + "James Barrie", + "J. M. Barrie", + "James Matthew Barrie", + "Sir James Matthew Barrie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish dramatist and novelist; created Peter Pan (1860-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrymore", + "Maurice Barrymore", + "Herbert Blythe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor; husband of Georgiana Emma Barrymore and father of Ethel Barrymore and John Barrymore and Lionel Barrymore (1847-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrymore", + "Georgiana Barrymore", + "Georgiana Emma Barrymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress; daughter of John Drew and wife of Maurice Barrymore; mother of Ethel Barrymore and John Barrymore and Lionel Barrymore (1854-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrymore", + "Lionel Barrymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor; son of Maurice Barrymore and Georgiana Barrymore (1878-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrymore", + "Ethel Barrymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress; daughter of Maurice Barrymore and Georgiana Barrymore (1879-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barrymore", + "John Barrymore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor; son of Maurice Barrymore and Georgiana Barrymore (1882-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barth", + "John Barth", + "John Simmons Barth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barth", + "Karl Barth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss Protestant theologian (1886-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barthelme", + "Donald Barthelme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author of sometimes surrealistic stories (1931-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartholdi", + "Frederic Auguste Bartholdi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French sculptor best known for creating the Statue of Liberty now in New York harbor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartholin", + "Caspar Bartholin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish physician who discovered Bartholin's gland (1585-1629)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartlett", + "John Bartlett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States publisher and editor who compiled a book of familiar quotations (1820-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartlett", + "Robert Bartlett", + "Robert Abram Bartlett", + "Captain Bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer who accompanied Peary's expedition to the North Pole and who led many other Arctic trips (1875-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bartok", + "Bela Bartok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian composer and pianist who collected Hungarian folk music; in 1940 he moved to the United States (1881-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baruch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disciple of and secretary for the prophet Jeremiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baruch", + "Bernard Baruch", + "Bernard Mannes Baruch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "economic advisor to United States Presidents (1870-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baryshnikov", + "Mikhail Baryshnikov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian dancer and choreographer who migrated to the United States (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Basil", + "St. Basil", + "Basil of Caesarea", + "Basil the Great", + "St. Basil the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Caesarea who defended the Roman Catholic Church against the heresies of the 4th century; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-379)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bathsheba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the wife of Uriah and later the wife of king David; Solomon was her son by David (circa 10th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baudelaire", + "Charles Baudelaire", + "Charles Pierre Baudelaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French poet noted for macabre imagery and evocative language (1821-1867)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baum", + "Frank Baum", + "Lyman Frank Brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of children's books (1856-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayard", + "Seigneur de Bayard", + "Chevalier de Bayard", + "Pierre Terrail", + "Pierre de Terrail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French soldier said to be fearless and chivalrous (1473-1524)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bayes", + "Thomas Bayes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English mathematician for whom Bayes' theorem is named (1702-1761)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beadle", + "George Beadle", + "George Wells Beadle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biologist who discovered how hereditary characteristics are transmitted by genes (1903-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaumont", + "Francis Beaumont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist who collaborated with John Fletcher (1584-1616)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaumont", + "William Beaumont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beauvoir", + "Simone de Beauvoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French feminist and existentialist and novelist (1908-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaverbrook", + "1st Baron Beaverbrook", + "William Maxwell Aitken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British newspaper publisher and politician (born in Canada); confidant of Winston Churchill (1879-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Becket", + "Thomas a Becket", + "Saint Thomas a Becket", + "St. Thomas a Becket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170; murdered following his opposition to Henry II's attempts to control the clergy (1118-1170)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beckett", + "Samuel Beckett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a playwright and novelist (born in Ireland) who lived in France; wrote plays for the theater of the absurd (1906-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Becquerel", + "Henri Becquerel", + "Antoine Henri Becquerel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who discovered that rays emitted by uranium salts affect photographic plates (1852-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bede", + "Saint Bede", + "St. Bede", + "Baeda", + "Saint Baeda", + "St. Baeda", + "Beda", + "Saint Beda", + "St. Beda", + "the Venerable Bede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) English monk and scholar (672-735)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beecher", + "Henry Ward Beecher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States clergyman who was a leader for the abolition of slavery (1813-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beerbohm", + "Max Beerbohm", + "Sir Henry Maxmilian Beerbohm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and caricaturist (1872-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beethoven", + "van Beethoven", + "Ludwig van Beethoven" + ], + "it": [ + "Beethoven", + "Ludwig van Beethoven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of instrumental music (especially symphonic and chamber music); continued to compose after he lost his hearing (1770-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Begin", + "Menachem Begin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli statesman (born in Russia) who (as prime minister of Israel) negotiated a peace treaty with Anwar Sadat (then the president of Egypt) (1913-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Behrens", + "Peter Behrens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German architect known for his simple utilitarian factory buildings (1868-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belisarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Byzantine general under Justinian I; he recovered former Roman territories in northern Africa and fought against the Persians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bell", + "Alexander Bell", + "Alexander Graham Bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bell", + "Vanessa Bell", + "Vanessa Stephen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bell", + "Melville Bell", + "Alexander Melville Bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellarmine", + "Bellarmino", + "Cardinal Bellarmine", + "Roberto Francesco Romolo Bellarmine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian cardinal and theologian (1542-1621)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellini", + "Vincenzo Bellini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer of operas (1801-1835)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belloc", + "Hilaire Belloc", + "Joseph Hilaire Peter Belloc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author (born in France) remembered especially for his verse for children (1870-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellow", + "Saul Bellow", + "Solomon Bellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author (born in Canada) whose novels influenced American literature after World War II (1915-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belshazzar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Babylonian general and son of Nebuchadnezzar II; according to the Old Testament he was warned of his doom by divine handwriting on the wall that was interpreted by Daniel (6th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benchley", + "Robert Benchley", + "Robert Charles Benchley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States humorist (1889-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedict", + "Saint Benedict", + "St. Benedict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian monk who founded the Benedictine order about 540 (480-547)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedict XIV", + "Prospero Lambertini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who was a patron of the arts and who denounced the cruelty to the indigenous peoples of South America (1675-1758)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedict XV", + "Giacomo della Chiesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who founded the Vatican service for prisoners of war during World War I (1854-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benedict", + "Ruth Benedict", + "Ruth Fulton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist (1887-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benet", + "William Rose Benet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer; brother of Stephen Vincent Benet (1886-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benet", + "Stephen Vincent Benet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet; brother of William Rose Benet (1898-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ben Gurion", + "David Ben Gurion", + "David Grun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli statesman (born in Poland) and active Zionist who organized resistance against the British after World War II; prime minister of Israel (1886-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benjamin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the youngest and best-loved son of Jacob and Rachel and one of the twelve forebears of the tribes of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bennett", + "Floyd Bennett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviator who (with Richard E. Byrd) piloted the first flight over the North Pole (1890-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benny", + "Jack Benny", + "Benjamin Kubelsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian known for his timeing and delivery and self-effacing humor (1894-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bentham", + "Jeremy Bentham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher and jurist; founder of utilitarianism (1748-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benton", + "Thomas Hart Benton", + "Old Bullion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States legislator who opposed the use of paper currency (1782-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benton", + "Thomas Hart Benton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist whose paintings portrayed life in the Midwest and South (1889-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berg", + "Alban Berg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer in Schoenberg's twelve-tone music system (1885-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bergman", + "Ingmar Bergman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish film director who used heavy symbolism and explored the psychology of the characters (born 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bergman", + "Ingrid Bergman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish film actress (1915-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bergson", + "Henri Bergson", + "Henri Louis Bergson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development (1859-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beria", + "Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet chief of secret police under Joseph Stalin; was executed by his associates in the power struggle following Stalin's death (1899-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bering", + "Vitus Bering", + "Behring", + "Vitus Behring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish explorer who explored the northern Pacific Ocean for the Russians and discovered the Bering Strait (1681-1741)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berkeley", + "Bishop Berkeley", + "George Berkeley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlage", + "Hendrik Petrus Berlage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch architect and town planner (1856-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlin", + "Irving Berlin", + "Israel Baline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States songwriter (born in Russia) who wrote more than 1500 songs and several musical comedies (1888-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berlioz", + "Hector Berlioz", + "Louis-Hector Berlioz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of romantic works (1803-1869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernard", + "Claude Bernard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physiologist noted for research on secretions of the alimentary canal and the glycogenic function of the liver (1813-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernhardt", + "Sarah Bernhardt", + "Henriette Rosine Bernard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French actress (1844-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernini", + "Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian sculptor and architect of the baroque period in Italy; designed many churches and chapels and tombs and fountains (1598-1680)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernoulli", + "Jakob Bernoulli", + "Jacques Bernoulli", + "James Bernoulli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss mathematician (1654-1705)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernoulli", + "Johann Bernoulli", + "Jean Bernoulli", + "John Bernoulli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss mathematician (1667-1748)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernoulli", + "Daniel Bernoulli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss physicist who contributed to hydrodynamics and mathematical physics (1700-1782)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bernstein", + "Leonard Bernstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor and composer (1918-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berra", + "Lawrence Peter Berra", + "Yogi", + "Yogi Berra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player (born 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berry", + "Chuck Berry", + "Charles Edward Berry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock singer (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bertillon", + "Alphonse Bertillon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French criminologist (1853-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bertolucci", + "Bernardo Bertolucci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian filmmaker (born in 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berzelius", + "Jons Jakob Berzelius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish chemist who discovered three new elements and determined the atomic weights of many others (1779-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bessel", + "Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician and astronomer who made accurate measurements of stellar distances and who predicted the existence on an 8th planet (1784-1846)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bessemer", + "Sir Henry Bessemer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British inventor and metallurgist who developed the Bessemer process (1813-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Best", + "C. H. Best", + "Charles Herbert Best" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian physiologist (born in the United States) who assisted F. G. Banting in research leading to the discovery of insulin (1899-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bethe", + "Hans Bethe", + "Hans Albrecht Bethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Germany) noted for research in astrophysics and nuclear physics (1906-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bethune", + "Mary McLeod Bethune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans (1875-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beveridge", + "William Henry Beveridge", + "First Baron Beveridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British economist (born in India) whose report on social insurance provided the basis for most of the social legislation on which the welfare state in the United Kingdom is based (1879-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bevin", + "Ernest Bevin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British labor leader and statesman who played an important role in diplomacy after World War II (1884-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bierce", + "Ambrose Bierce", + "Ambrose Gwinett Bierce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of caustic wit (1842-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Binet", + "Alfred Binet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French psychologist remembered for his studies of the intellectual development of children (1857-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bin Laden", + "Osama bin Laden", + "Usama bin Laden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arab terrorist who established al-Qaeda (born in 1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bismarck", + "von Bismarck", + "Otto von Bismarck", + "Prince Otto von Bismarck", + "Prince Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck", + "Iron Chancellor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bizet", + "Georges Bizet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer best known for his operas (1838-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black", + "Shirley Temple Black", + "Shirley Temple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular child actress of the 1930's (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black", + "Joseph Black" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Black Hawk", + "Makataimeshekiakiak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sauk leader who in 1832 led Fox and Sauk warriors against the United States (1767-1838)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blair", + "Tony Blair", + "Anthony Charles Lynton Blair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blake", + "William Blake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visionary British poet and painter (1757-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bleriot", + "Louis Bleriot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French aviator who in 1909 made the first flight across the English Channel (1872-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bligh", + "William Bligh", + "Captain Bligh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British admiral; was captain of the H.M.S. Bounty in 1789 when part of the crew mutinied and set him afloat in an open boat; a few weeks later he arrived safely in Timor 4,000 miles away (1754-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blitzstein", + "Marc Blitzstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pianist and composer of operas and musical plays (1905-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloch", + "Ernest Bloch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Switzerland) who composed symphonies and chamber music and choral music and a piano sonata and an opera (1880-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blok", + "Alexander Alexandrovich Blok", + "Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian poet (1880-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bloomfield", + "Leonard Bloomfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States linguist who adopted a behavioristic approach to linguistics (1887-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Blucher", + "von Blucher", + "G. L. von Blucher", + "Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Prussian general who is remembered for his leadership in the wars against Napoleon (1742-1819)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boccaccio", + "Giovanni Boccaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian poet (born in France) (1313-1375)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bodoni", + "Gianbattista Bodoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian printer who designed the Bodoni font (1740-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boehme", + "Jakob Boehme", + "Bohme", + "Jakob Bohme", + "Boehm", + "Jakob Boehm", + "Behmen", + "Jakob Behmen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mystic and theosophist who founded modern theosophy; influenced George Fox (1575-1624)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boell", + "Heinrich Boell", + "Heinrich Theodor Boell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German novelist and writer of short stories (1917-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boethius", + "Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman who was an early Christian philosopher and statesman who was executed for treason; Boethius had a decisive influence on medieval logic (circa 480-524)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bogart", + "Humphrey Bogart", + "Humphrey DeForest Bogart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (1899-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bohr", + "Niels Bohr", + "Niels Henrik David Bohr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish physicist who studied atomic structure and radiations; the Bohr theory of the atom accounted for the spectrum of hydrogen (1885-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boleyn", + "Anne Boleyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second wife of Henry VIII and mother of Elizabeth I; was executed on a charge of adultery (1507-1536)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bolivar", + "Simon Bolivar", + "El Libertador" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule; founded Bolivia in 1825 (1783-1830)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boltzmann", + "Ludwig Boltzmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physicist who contributed to the kinetic theory of gases (1844-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bond", + "Julian Bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonhoeffer", + "Dietrich Bonhoeffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German Lutheran theologian and pastor whose works concern Christianity in the modern world; an active opponent of Nazism, he was arrested and sent to Buchenwald and later executed (1906-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boniface", + "Saint Boniface", + "St. Boniface", + "Winfred", + "Wynfrith", + "Apostle of Germany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) Anglo-Saxon missionary who was sent to Frisia and Germany to spread the Christian faith; was martyred in Frisia (680-754)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boniface VIII", + "Benedetto Caetani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who declared that Catholic princes are subject to the pope in temporal as well as in theological matters (1235-1303)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bonney", + "William H. Bonney", + "Billie the Kid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States outlaw who was said to have killed 21 men (1859-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bontemps", + "Arna Wendell Bontemps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1902-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boole", + "George Boole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English mathematician; creator of Boolean algebra (1815-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boone", + "Daniel Boone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American pioneer and guide and explorer (1734-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Booth", + "John Wilkes Booth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor and assassin of President Lincoln (1838-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borges", + "Jorge Borges", + "Jorge Luis Borges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Argentinian writer remembered for his short stories (1899-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borgia", + "Cesare Borgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian cardinal and military leader; model for Machiavelli's prince (1475-1507)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borgia", + "Lucrezia Borgia", + "Duchess of Ferrara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian noblewoman and patron of the arts (1480-1519)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Born", + "Max Born" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British nuclear physicist (born in Germany) honored for his contributions to quantum mechanics (1882-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Borodin", + "Aleksandr Borodin", + "Aleksandr Porfirevich Borodin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer (1833-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bosch", + "Hieronymus Bosch", + "Jerom Bos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch painter (1450-1516)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bose", + "Satyendra N. Bose", + "Satyendra Nath Bose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian physicist who with Albert Einstein proposed statistical laws based on the indistinguishability of particles; led to the description of fundamental particles that later came to be known as bosons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boswell", + "James Boswell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Botticelli", + "Sandro Botticelli", + "Alessandro di Mariano dei Filipepi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter of mythological and religious paintings (1444-1510)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bougainville", + "Louis Antoine de Bougainville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French explorer who circumnavigated the globe accompanied by scientists (1729-1811)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boulez", + "Pierre Boulez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of serial music (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowditch", + "Nathaniel Bowditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician and astronomer noted for his works on navigation (1773-1838)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowdler", + "Thomas Bowdler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English editor who in 1818 published an expurgated edition of the works of Shakespeare (1754-1825)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bowie", + "Jim Bowie", + "James Bowie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pioneer and hero of the Texas revolt against Mexico; he shared command of the garrison that resisted the Mexican attack on the Alamo where he died (1796-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boyle", + "Robert Boyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish chemist who established that air has weight and whose definitions of chemical elements and chemical reactions helped to dissociate chemistry from alchemy (1627-1691)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boyle", + "Kay Boyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1902-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradbury", + "Ray Bradbury", + "Ray Douglas Bradbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of science fiction (born 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradford", + "William Bradford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradley", + "Omar Bradley", + "Omar Nelson Bradley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who played an important role in the Allied victory in World War II (1893-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradley", + "Thomas Bradley", + "Tom Bradley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who was elected the first black mayor of Los Angeles (1917-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bradstreet", + "Anne Bradstreet", + "Anne Dudley Bradstreet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poet in colonial America (born in England) (1612-1672)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brady", + "James Buchanan Brady", + "Diamond Jim Brady", + "Diamond Jim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier noted for his love of diamonds and his extravagant lifestyle (1856-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brady", + "Mathew B. Brady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pioneer photographer famous for his portraits; was the official Union photographer for the American Civil War (1823-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bragg", + "Braxton Bragg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahe", + "Tycho Brahe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish astronomer whose observations of the planets provided the basis for Kepler's laws of planetary motion (1546-1601)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brahms", + "Johannes Brahms" + ], + "it": [ + "Johannes Brahms", + "Brahms" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer who developed the romantic style of both lyrical and classical music (1833-1897)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braille", + "Louis Braille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French educator who lost his sight at the age of three and who invented a system of writing and printing for sightless people (1809-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bramante", + "Donato Bramante", + "Donato d'Agnolo Bramante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "great Italian architect of the High Renaissance in Italy (1444-1514)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brancusi", + "Constantin Brancusi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Romanian sculptor noted for abstractions of animal forms (1876-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brandt", + "Willy Brandt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German statesman who as chancellor of West Germany worked to reduce tensions with eastern Europe (1913-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braque", + "Georges Braque" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter who led the cubist movement (1882-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braun", + "von Braun", + "Wernher von Braun", + "Wernher Magnus Maximilian von Braun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rocket engineer (born in Germany where he designed a missile used against England); he led the United States Army team that put the first American satellite into space (1912-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Braun", + "Eva Braun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the German mistress of Adolf Hitler (1910-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brecht", + "Bertolt Brecht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German dramatist and poet who developed a style of epic theater (1898-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Breuer", + "Marcel Lajos Breuer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in Hungary) who was associated with the Bauhaus in the 1920's (1902-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brezhnev", + "Leonid Brezhnev", + "Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet statesman who became president of the Soviet Union (1906-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bridges", + "Harry Bridges" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bridget", + "Saint Bridget", + "St. Bridget", + "Brigid", + "Saint Brigid", + "St. Brigid", + "Bride", + "Saint Bride", + "St. Bride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish abbess; a patron saint of Ireland (453-523)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brinton", + "Daniel Garrison Brinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist who was the first to attempt a systematic classification of Native American languages (1837-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Britten", + "Benjamin Britten", + "Edward Benjamin Britten", + "Lord Britten of Aldeburgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "major English composer of the 20th century; noted for his operas (1913-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Broca", + "Pierre-Paul Broca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French anthropologist who studied the craniums and brains of different races of people; remembered for his discovery that articulate speech depends on an area of the brain now known as Broca's area (1824-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brockhouse", + "Bertram Brockhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian physicist who bounced neutron beams off of atomic nuclei to study the structure of matter (1918-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Broglie", + "de Broglie", + "Louis Victor de Broglie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French nuclear physicist who generalized the wave-particle duality by proposing that particles of matter exhibit wavelike properties (1892-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronte", + "Charlotte Bronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist; oldest of three Bronte sisters (1816-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronte", + "Emily Bronte", + "Emily Jane Bronte", + "Currer Bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist; one of three Bronte sisters (1818-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bronte", + "Anne Bronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist; youngest of three Bronte sisters (1820-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brooke", + "Rupert Brooke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lyric poet (1887-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brooks", + "Van Wyck Brooks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States literary critic and historian (1886-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brown", + "John Brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brown", + "Robert Brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish botanist who first observed the movement of small particles in fluids now known a Brownian motion (1773-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browne", + "Charles Farrar Browne", + "Artemus Ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of humorous tales of an itinerant showman (1834-1867)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browne", + "Hablot Knight Browne", + "Phiz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English illustrator of several of Dickens' novels (1815-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browning", + "Elizabeth Barrett Browning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet best remembered for love sonnets written to her husband Robert Browning (1806-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browning", + "Robert Browning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and husband of Elizabeth Barrett Browning noted for his dramatic monologues (1812-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Browning", + "John M. Browning", + "John Moses Browning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of firearms (especially automatic pistols and repeating rifles and a machine gun called the Peacemaker) (1855-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruce", + "Robert the Bruce", + "Robert I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Scotland from 1306 to 1329; defeated the English army under Edward II at Bannockburn and gained recognition of Scottish independence (1274-1329)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruce", + "David Bruce", + "Sir David Bruce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruch", + "Max Bruch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer (1838-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruckner", + "Anton Bruckner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian organist and composer of romantic music (1824-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brueghel", + "Breughel", + "Bruegel", + "Pieter Brueghel", + "Pieter Breughel", + "Pieter Bruegel", + "Breughel the Elder", + "Pieter Brueghel the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Flemish painter of landscapes (1525-1569)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brummell", + "George Bryan Brummell", + "Beau Brummell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dandy who was a fashion leader during the Regency (1778-1840)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brunelleschi", + "Filippo Brunelleschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine architect who was the first great architect of the Italian Renaissance (1377-1446)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruno", + "Giordano Bruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy; condemned for heresy by the Inquisition and burned at the stake (1548-1600)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bruno", + "Saint Bruno", + "St. Bruno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brutus", + "Marcus Junius Brutus" + ], + "it": [ + "Bruto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statesman of ancient Rome who (with Cassius) led a conspiracy to assassinate Julius Caesar (85-42 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryan", + "William Jennings Bryan", + "Great Commoner", + "Boy Orator of the Platte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buber", + "Martin Buber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli religious philosopher (born in Austria); as a Zionist he promoted understanding between Jews and Arabs; his writings affected Christian thinkers as well as Jews (1878-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buchanan", + "James Buchanan", + "President Buchanan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "15th President of the United States (1791-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buchner", + "Eduard Buchner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German organic chemist who studied alcoholic fermentation and discovered zymase (1860-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buck", + "Pearl Buck", + "Pearl Sydenstricker Buck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author whose novels drew on her experiences as a missionary in China (1892-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Budge", + "Don Budge", + "John Donald Budge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who in 1938 was the first to win the Australian and French and English and United States singles championship in the same year (1915-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bukharin", + "Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Bolshevik leader in Russia who advocated gradual collectivism of the farms; was executed in a purge by Stalin (1888-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bullfinch", + "Charles Bullfinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who designed the Capitol Building in Washington which served as a model for state capitols throughout the United States (1763-1844)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bultmann", + "Rudolf Bultmann", + "Rudolf Karl Bultmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Lutheran theologian in Germany (1884-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunche", + "Ralph Bunche", + "Ralph Johnson Bunche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat and United Nations official (1904-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunsen", + "Robert Bunsen", + "Robert Wilhelm Bunsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who with Kirchhoff pioneered spectrum analysis but is remembered mainly for his invention of the Bunsen burner (1811-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunuel", + "Luis Bunuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish film director (1900-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bunyan", + "John Bunyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English preacher and author of an allegorical novel, Pilgrim's Progress (1628-1688)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burbage", + "Richard Burbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor who was the first to play the leading role in several of Shakespeare's tragedies (1567-1619)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burbank", + "Luther Burbank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States horticulturist who developed many new varieties of fruits and vegetables and flowers (1849-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burger", + "Warren Burger", + "Warren E. Burger", + "Warren Earl Burger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court by Richard Nixon (1907-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burgess", + "Anthony Burgess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of satirical novels (1917-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burgoyne", + "John Burgoyne", + "Gentleman Johnny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British general in the American Revolution who captured Fort Ticonderoga but lost the battle of Saratoga in 1777 (1722-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burk", + "Martha Jane Burk", + "Burke", + "Martha Jane Burke", + "Calamity Jane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States frontierswoman and legendary figure of the Wild West noted for her marksmanship (1852-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burke", + "Edmund Burke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman famous for his oratory; pleaded the cause of the American colonists in British Parliament and defended the parliamentary system (1729-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burnett", + "Frances Hodgson Burnett", + "Frances Eliza Hodgson Burnett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in England) remembered for her novels for children (1849-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burnham", + "Daniel Hudson Burnham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who designed the first important skyscraper with a skeleton (1846-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burns", + "Robert Burns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrated Scottish poet (1759-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burns", + "George Burns", + "Nathan Birnbaum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian and film actor (1896-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burnside", + "A. E. Burnside", + "Ambrose Everett Burnside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general in the American Civil War who was defeated by Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Fredericksburg (1824-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burr", + "Aaron Burr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who served as vice president under Jefferson; he mortally wounded his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and fled south (1756-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burroughs", + "Edgar Rice Burroughs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist and author of the Tarzan stories (1875-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burroughs", + "William Seward Burroughs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who patented the first practical adding machine (1855-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burroughs", + "William Burroughs", + "William S. Burroughs", + "William Seward Burroughs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his works portraying the life of drug addicts (1914-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burt", + "Cyril Burt", + "Cyril Lodowic Burt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English psychologist whose studies of twins were later said to have used fabricated data (1883-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burton", + "Richard Burton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh film actor who often co-starred with Elizabeth Taylor (1925-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Burton", + "Richard Burton", + "Sir Richard Burton", + "Sir Richard Francis Burton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer who with John Speke was the first European to explore Lake Tanganyika (1821-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bush", + "George Bush", + "George H.W. Bush", + "George Herbert Walker Bush", + "President Bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vice president under Reagan and 41st President of the United States (born in 1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bush", + "Vannevar Bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer who designed an early analogue computer and who led the scientific program of the United States during World War II (1890-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bush", + "George Bush", + "George W. Bush", + "George Walker Bush", + "President Bush", + "President George W. Bush", + "Dubyuh", + "Dubya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "43rd President of the United States; son of George Herbert Walker Bush (born in 1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bushnell", + "David Bushnell", + "Father of the Submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American inventor who in 1775 designed a man-propelled submarine that was ineffectual but subsequently earned him recognition as a submarine pioneer (1742-1824)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Butler", + "Samuel Butler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1612-1680)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Butler", + "Samuel Butler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist who described a fictitious land he called Erewhon (1835-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Butterfield", + "William Butterfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect who designed many churches (1814-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byrd", + "Richard E. Byrd", + "Richard Evelyn Byrd", + "Admiral Byrd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explorer and United States naval officer; led expeditions to explore Antarctica (1888-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byrd", + "William Byrd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English organist and composer of church music; master of 16th century polyphony; was granted a monopoly in music printing with Thomas Tallis (1543-1623)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Byron", + "Lord George Gordon Byron", + "Sixth Baron Byron of Rochdale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabell", + "James Branch Cabell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of satirical novels (1879-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabot", + "John Cabot", + "Giovanni Cabato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian explorer who led the English expedition in 1497 that discovered the mainland of North America and explored the coast from Nova Scotia to Newfoundland (ca. 1450-1498)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabot", + "Sebastian Cabot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of John Cabot who was born in Italy and who led an English expedition in search of the Northwest Passage and a Spanish expedition that explored the La Plata region of Brazil; in 1544 he published a map of the world (1476-1557)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesar", + "Julius Caesar", + "Gaius Julius Caesar" + ], + "it": [ + "Cesare", + "cesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caesar", + "Sid Caesar", + "Sidney Caesar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian who pioneered comedy television shows (born 1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cage", + "John Cage", + "John Milton Cage Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer of avant-garde music (1912-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cagliostro", + "Count Alessandro di Cagliostro", + "Giuseppe Balsamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian who was famous as a magician and alchemist (1743-1795)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cagney", + "Jimmy Cagney", + "James Cagney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor known for his portrayals of tough characters (1899-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calder", + "Alexander Calder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor who first created mobiles and stabiles (1898-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calderon", + "Calderon de la Barca", + "Pedro Calderon de la Barca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish poet and dramatist considered one of the great Spanish writers (1600-1681)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caldwell", + "Erskine Caldwell", + "Erskine Preston Caldwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author remembered for novels about poverty and degeneration (1903-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caligula", + "Gaius", + "Gaius Caesar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calixtus II", + "Guy of Burgundy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who in 1122 forced the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to sign a concordat that recognized the right of the church to choose its own leadership (died in 1124)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calixtus III", + "Borgia", + "Alfonso Borgia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope whose nepotism put the Borgia family in power in Italy (1378-1458)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callas", + "Maria Callas", + "Maria Meneghini Callas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek coloratura soprano (born in the United States) known for her dramatic intensity in operatic roles (1923-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvin", + "John Calvin", + "Jean Cauvin", + "Jean Caulvin", + "Jean Chauvin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvin", + "Melvin Calvin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist noted for discovering the series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis (1911-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calvino", + "Italo Calvino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian writer of novels and short stories (born in Cuba) (1923-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campbell", + "Joseph Campbell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mythologist (1904-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camus", + "Albert Camus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who portrayed the human condition as isolated in an absurd world (1913-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canetti", + "Elias Canetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer born in Germany (1905-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canute", + "Cnut", + "Knut", + "Canute the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Denmark and Norway who forced Edmund II to divide England with him; on the death of Edmund II, Canute became king of all England (994-1035)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capek", + "Karel Capek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech writer who introduced the word `robot' into the English language (1890-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capone", + "Al Capone", + "Alphonse Capone", + "Scarface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States gangster who terrorized Chicago during prohibition until arrested for tax evasion (1899-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capra", + "Frank Capra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker (1897-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caravaggio", + "Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter noted for his realistic depiction of religious subjects and his novel use of light (1573-1610)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carducci", + "Giosue Carducci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian poet considered the national poet of modern Italy (1835-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carew", + "Thomas Carew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Cavalier poet whose lyric poetry was favored by Charles I (1595-1639)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carl XVI Gustav", + "Carl XVI Gustaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden since 1973 (born 1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carlyle", + "Thomas Carlyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carmichael", + "Hoagy Carmichael", + "Hoagland Howard Carmichael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States songwriter (1899-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnegie", + "Andrew Carnegie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist and philanthropist who endowed education and public libraries and research trusts (1835-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnegie", + "Dale Carnegie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator famous for writing a book about how to win friends and influence people (1888-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnot", + "Sadi Carnot", + "Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who founded thermodynamics (1796-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carothers", + "Wallace Carothers", + "Wallace Hume Carothers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who developed nylon (1896-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carrel", + "Alexis Carrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French surgeon and biologist who developed a way to suture and graft blood vessels (1873-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carrere", + "John Merven Carrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who with his partner Thomas Hastings designed many important public buildings (1858-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carroll", + "Lewis Carroll", + "Dodgson", + "Reverend Dodgson", + "Charles Dodgson", + "Charles Lutwidge Dodgson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author; Charles Dodgson was an Oxford don of mathematics who is remembered for the children's stories he wrote under the pen name Lewis Carroll (1832-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carson", + "Kit Carson", + "Christopher Carson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States frontiersman who guided Fremont's expeditions in the 1840s and served as a Union general in the American Civil War (1809-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carson", + "Rachel Carson", + "Rachel Louise Carson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biologist remembered for her opposition to the use of pesticides that were hazardous to wildlife (1907-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carter", + "Jimmy Carter", + "James Earl Carter", + "James Earl Carter Jr.", + "President Carter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "39th President of the United States (1924-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carter", + "Howard Carter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Egyptologist who in 1922 discovered and excavated the tomb of Tutankhamen (1873-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartier", + "Jacques Cartier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France (1491-1557)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cartwright", + "Edmund Cartwright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman who invented the power loom (1743-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caruso", + "Enrico Caruso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outstanding Italian operatic tenor (1873-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carver", + "George Washington Carver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States botanist and agricultural chemist who developed many uses for peanuts and soy beans and sweet potatoes (1864-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casals", + "Pablo Casals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an outstanding Spanish cellist noted for his interpretation of Bach's cello suites (1876-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Casanova", + "Giovanni Jacopo Casanova", + "Casanova de Seingalt", + "Giovanni Jacopo Casanova de Seingalt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian adventurer who wrote vivid accounts of his sexual encounters (1725-1798)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cash", + "Johnny Cash", + "John Cash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States country music singer and songwriter (1932-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caspar", + "Gaspar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) one of the three sages from the east who came bearing gifts for the infant Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassirer", + "Ernst Cassirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher concerned with concept formation in the human mind and with symbolic forms in human culture generally (1874-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cassius", + "Cassius Longinus", + "Gaius Cassius Longinus" + ], + "it": [ + "Cassio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prime mover in the conspiracy against Julius Caesar (died in 42 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Castro", + "Fidel Castro", + "Fidel Castro Ruz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cather", + "Willa Cather", + "Willa Sibert Cather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who wrote about frontier life (1873-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catherine I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empress of Russia who succeeded her husband Peter the Great (1684-1727)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catherine II", + "Catherine", + "Catherine the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empress of Russia who greatly increased the territory of the empire (1729-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catherine of Aragon", + "Catherine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first wife of Henry VIII; Henry VIII's divorce from her was the initial step of the Reformation in England (1485-1536)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catherine de Medicis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of France as the wife of Henry II and regent during the minority of her son Charles IX (1519-1589)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catullus", + "Gaius Valerius Catullus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman lyric poet remembered for his love poems to an aristocratic Roman woman (84-54 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cavell", + "Edith Cavell", + "Edith Louisa Cavell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English nurse who remained in Brussels after the German occupation in order to help Allied prisoners escape; was caught and executed by the Germans (1865-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cavendish", + "Henry Cavendish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British chemist and physicist who established that water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and who calculated the density of the earth (1731-1810)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caxton", + "William Caxton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English printer who in 1474 printed the first book in English (1422-1491)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cellini", + "Benvenuto Cellini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian sculptor (1500-1571)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celsius", + "Anders Celsius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish astronomer who devised the centigrade thermometer (1701-1744)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cervantes", + "Miguel de Cervantes", + "Cervantes Saavedra", + "Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish writer best remembered for `Don Quixote' which satirizes chivalry and influenced the development of the novel form (1547-1616)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cezanne", + "Paul Cezanne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French Post-impressionist painter who influenced modern art (especially cubism) by stressing the structural components latent in nature (1839-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chagall", + "Marc Chagall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter (born in Russia) noted for his imagery and brilliant colors (1887-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamberlain", + "Neville Chamberlain", + "Arthur Neville Chamberlain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chambers", + "William Chambers", + "Sir William Chambers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect (1723-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Champlain", + "Samuel de Champlain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French explorer in Nova Scotia who established a settlement on the site of modern Quebec (1567-1635)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Champollion", + "Jean Francois Champollion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Frenchman and Egyptologist who studied the Rosetta Stone and in 1821 became the first person to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics (1790-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chandler", + "Raymond Chandler", + "Raymond Thornton Chandler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of detective thrillers featuring the character of Philip Marlowe (1888-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaplin", + "Charlie Chaplin", + "Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English comedian and film maker; portrayed a downtrodden little man in baggy pants and bowler hat (1889-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chapman", + "John Chapman", + "Johnny Appleseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pioneer who planted apple trees as he traveled (1774-1845)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chain", + "Ernst Boris Chain", + "Sir Ernst Boris Chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British biochemist (born in Germany) who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1906-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capet", + "Hugh Capet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of France elected in 987 and founding the Capetian dynasty (940-996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cattell", + "James McKeen Cattell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American psychologist and editor (1860-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cattell", + "Ray Cattell", + "R. B. Cattell", + "Raymond B. Cattell", + "Raymond Bernard Cattell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American psychologist (born in England) who developed a broad theory of human behavior based on multivariate research (1905-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charcot", + "Jean Martin Charcot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French neurologist who tried to use hypnotism to cure hysteria (1825-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charlemagne", + "Carolus", + "Charles", + "Charles I", + "Charles the Great" + ], + "it": [ + "Carlo Magno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Jacques Charles", + "Jacques Alexandre Cesar Charles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist and author of Charles's law which anticipated Gay-Lussac's law (1746-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Prince Charles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the eldest son of Elizabeth II and heir to the English throne (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles I", + "Charles Stuart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of James I who was King of England and Scotland and Ireland; was deposed and executed by Oliver Cromwell (1600-1649)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England and Scotland and Ireland during the Restoration (1630-1685)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles II", + "Charles I", + "Charles the Bald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "as Charles II he was Holy Roman Emperor and as Charles I he was king of France (823-877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles VII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of France who began his reign with most of northern France under English control; after the intervention of Jeanne d'Arc the French were able to defeat the English and end the Hundred Years' War (1403-1461)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charles", + "Charles IX" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chase", + "Salmon P. Chase", + "Salmon Portland Chase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1808-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chateaubriand", + "Francois Rene Chateaubriand", + "Vicomte de Chateaubriand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French statesman and writer; considered a precursor of the romantic movement in France (1768-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chaucer", + "Geoffrey Chaucer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet remembered as author of the Canterbury Tales (1340-1400)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chavez", + "Cesar Chavez", + "Cesar Estrada Chavez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who organized farm workers (born 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chavez", + "Carlos Chavez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican composer of nationalistic works using themes from Indian folk music (1899-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheever", + "John Cheever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of novels and short stories (1912-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chekhov", + "Chekov", + "Anton Chekhov", + "Anton Chekov", + "Anton Pavlovich Chekhov", + "Anton Pavlovich Chekov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian dramatist whose plays are concerned with the difficulty of communication between people (1860-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cherubini", + "Luigi Cherubini", + "Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Cherubini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer of church music and operas (1760-1842)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chesterfield", + "Fourth Earl of Chesterfield", + "Philip Dormer Stanhope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suave and witty English statesman remembered mostly for letters to his son (1694-1773)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chesterton", + "G. K. Chesterton", + "Gilbert Keith Chesterton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conservative English writer of the Roman Catholic persuasion; in addition to volumes of criticism and polemics he wrote detective novels featuring Father Brown (1874-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chevalier", + "Maurice Chevalier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French actor and cabaret singer (1888-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chiang Kai-shek", + "Chiang Chung-cheng" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese military and political figure; in the Chinese civil war that followed World War II he was defeated by the Chinese communists and in 1949 was forced to withdraw to Taiwan where he served as president of Nationalist China until his death (1897-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chippendale", + "Thomas Chippendale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British cabinetmaker remembered for his graceful designs (especially of chairs) which influenced his contemporaries (1718-1779)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chirico", + "Giorgio de Chirico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter (born in Greece) whose deep shadows and barren landscapes strongly influenced the surrealists (1888-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chomsky", + "Noam Chomsky", + "A. Noam Chomsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States linguist whose theory of generative grammar redefined the field of linguistics (born 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chopin", + "Frederic Francois Chopin" + ], + "it": [ + "Fryderyk Chopin", + "Frederic Chopin", + "Chopin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer (born in Poland) and pianist of the romantic school (1810-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chopin", + "Kate Chopin", + "Kate O'Flaherty Chopin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who described Creole life in Louisiana (1851-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christie", + "Agatha Christie", + "Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific English writer of detective stories (1890-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christopher", + "Saint Christopher", + "St. Christopher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian martyr and patron saint of travellers (3rd century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Churchill", + "Winston Churchill", + "Winston S. Churchill", + "Sir Winston Leonard Spenser Churchill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman and leader during World War II; received Nobel prize for literature in 1953 (1874-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Churchill", + "John Churchill", + "Duke of Marlborough", + "First Duke of Marlborough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English general considered one of the greatest generals in history (1650-1722)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ciardi", + "John Ciardi", + "John Anthony Ciardi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet and critic (1916-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cicero", + "Marcus Tullius Cicero", + "Tully" + ], + "it": [ + "Cicerone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman statesman and orator remembered for his mastery of Latin prose (106-43 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cimabue", + "Giovanni Cimabue" + ], + "it": [ + "Cimabue", + "Giovanni Cimabue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painter of the Florentine school; anticipated the move from Byzantine to naturalistic art (1240-1302)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cincinnatus", + "Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman statesman regarded as a model of simple virtue; he twice was called to assume dictatorship of Rome and each time retired to his farm (519-438 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark", + "Joe Clark", + "Charles Joseph Clark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian politician who served as prime minister (1939-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark", + "Kenneth Clark", + "Kenneth Bancroft Clark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist (born in Panama) whose research persuaded the Supreme Court that segregated schools were discriminatory (1914-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark", + "Mark Clark", + "Mark Wayne Clark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who was Allied commander in Africa and Italy in World War II and was commander of the United Nations forces in Korea (1896-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clark", + "William Clark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer who (with Meriwether Lewis) led an expedition from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River; Clark was responsible for making maps of the area (1770-1838)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Claudius", + "Claudius I", + "Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor after his nephew Caligula was murdered; consolidated the Roman Empire and conquered southern Britain; was poisoned by his fourth wife Agrippina after her son Nero was named as Claudius' heir (10 BC to AD 54)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clausewitz", + "Karl von Clausewitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Prussian general and military theorist who proposed a doctrine of total war and war as an extension of diplomacy (1780-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clay", + "Henry Clay", + "the Great Compromiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states (1777-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clay", + "Lucius Clay", + "Lucius DuBignon Clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who commanded United States forces in Europe from 1945 to 1949 and who oversaw the Berlin airlift (1897-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleanthes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek philosopher who succeeded Zeno of Citium as the leader of the Stoic school (300-232 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clemenceau", + "Georges Clemenceau", + "Georges Eugene Benjamin Clemenceau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clemens", + "Samuel Langhorne Clemens", + "Mark Twain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and humorist best known for his novels about Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn (1835-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clement III", + "Guibert of Ravenna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian antipope from 1080 to 1100 who was installed as pope by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV who consistently opposed efforts at papal reform (died in 1100)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clement VII", + "Giulio de' Medici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1523 to 1534 who broke with Henry VIII of England after Henry VIII divorced Catherine of Aragon and married Anne Boleyn (1478-1534)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clement XI", + "Giovanni Francesco Albani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1700 to 1721 who condemned Jansenist ideas on papal infallibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clement XIV", + "Lorenzo Ganganelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1769 to 1774 who lost whatever support remained of Catholic Europe, causing the church to fall into the hands of secular princes (1705-1774)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleopatra" + ], + "it": [ + "Cleopatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beautiful and charismatic queen of Egypt; mistress of Julius Caesar and later of Mark Antony; killed herself to avoid capture by Octavian (69-30 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cleveland", + "Grover Cleveland", + "Stephen Grover Cleveland", + "President Cleveland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "22nd and 24th President of the United States (1837-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cline", + "Martin Cline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American geneticist who succeeded in transferring a functioning gene from one mouse to another (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinton", + "DeWitt Clinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who as governor of New York supported the project to build the Erie Canal (1769-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinton", + "Bill Clinton", + "William Jefferson Clinton", + "President Clinton" + ], + "it": [ + "Bill Clinton", + "Clinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "42nd President of the United States (1946-)" + ], + "it": [ + "il quarantaduesimo presidente degli U.S.A." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clinton", + "Hilary Clinton", + "Hilary Rodham Clinton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of President Clinton and later a woman member of the United States Senate (1947-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clive", + "Robert Clive", + "Baron Clive", + "Baron Clive of Plassey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British general and statesman whose victory at Plassey in 1757 strengthened British control of India (1725-1774)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Clovis", + "Clovis I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Franks who unified Gaul and established his capital at Paris and founded the Frankish monarchy; his name was rendered as Gallic `Louis' (466-511)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coca", + "Imogene Coca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedienne who starred in early television shows with Sid Caesar (1908-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Apache leader of the resistance to United States troops in Arizona (1812-1874)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochran", + "Jacqueline Cochran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviator who held several speed records and headed the women's Air Force pilots in World War II (1910-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cockcroft", + "Sir John Cockcroft", + "Sir John Douglas Cockcroft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist who (with Ernest Walton in 1931) first split an atom (1897-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocteau", + "Jean Cocteau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer and film maker who worked in many artistic media (1889-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cody", + "William F. Cody", + "William Frederick Cody", + "Buffalo Bill", + "Buffalo Bill Cody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States showman famous for his Wild West Show (1846-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cohan", + "George M. Cohan", + "George Michael Cohan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States songwriter and playwright famous for his patriotic songs (1878-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cohn", + "Ferdinand Julius Cohn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German botanist who is generally recognized as founding bacteriology when he recognized bacteria as plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coleridge", + "Samuel Taylor Coleridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English romantic poet (1772-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colette", + "Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette", + "Sidonie-Gabrielle Claudine Colette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer of novels about women (1873-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Collins", + "Wilkie Collins", + "William Wilkie Collins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer noted for early detective novels (1824-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Columbus", + "Christopher Columbus", + "Cristoforo Colombo", + "Cristobal Colon" + ], + "it": [ + "Colombo", + "Cristoforo Colombo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comenius", + "John Amos Comenius", + "Jan Amos Komensky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech educational reformer (1592-1670)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Compton", + "Arthur Compton", + "Arthur Holly Compton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist noted for research on x-rays and gamma rays and nuclear energy; his observation that X-rays behave like miniature bowling balls in their interactions with electrons provided evidence for the quantal nature of light (1892-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comstock", + "Anthony Comstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States reformer who led moral crusades against art and literature that he considered obscene (1844-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comte", + "Auguste Comte", + "Isidore Auguste Marie Francois Comte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher remembered as the founder of positivism; he also established sociology as a systematic field of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conan Doyle", + "A. Conan Doyle", + "Arthur Conan Doyle", + "Sir Arthur Conan Doyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British author who created Sherlock Holmes (1859-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Condorcet", + "Marquis de Condorcet", + "Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician and philosopher (1743-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Confucius", + "Kongfuze", + "K'ung Futzu", + "Kong the Master" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese philosopher whose ideas and sayings were collected after his death and became the basis of a philosophical doctrine known a Confucianism (circa 551-478 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Congreve", + "William Congreve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright remembered for his comedies (1670-1729)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connolly", + "Maureen Catherine Connolly", + "Little Mo Connolly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who was the first woman to win the United States, British, French, and Australian championships in the same year (1953) (1934-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connors", + "Jimmy Conors", + "James Scott Connors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outstanding United States tennis player (born in 1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Conrad", + "Joseph Conrad", + "Teodor Josef Konrad Korzeniowski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist (born in Poland) noted for sea stories and for his narrative technique (1857-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constable", + "John Constable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English landscape painter (1776-1837)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Constantine", + "Constantine I", + "Constantine the Great", + "Flavius Valerius Constantinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople (280-337)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cook", + "James Cook", + "Captain Cook", + "Captain James Cook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English navigator who claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain and discovered several Pacific islands (1728-1779)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooke", + "Jay Cooke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier who marketed Union bonds to finance the American Civil War; the failure of his bank resulted in a financial panic in 1873 (1821-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooke", + "Alistair Cooke", + "Alfred Alistair Cooke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist (born in England in 1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coolidge", + "Calvin Coolidge", + "President Coolidge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elected vice president and succeeded as 30th President of the United States when Harding died in 1923 (1872-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooper", + "James Fenimore Cooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist noted for his stories of American Indians and the frontier life (1789-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooper", + "Gary Cooper", + "Frank Cooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor noted for his portrayals of strong silent heroes (1901-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cooper", + "Peter Cooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who built the first American locomotive; founded Cooper Union in New York City to offer free courses in the arts and sciences (1791-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copernicus", + "Nicolaus Copernicus", + "Mikolaj Kopernik" + ], + "it": [ + "Copernico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copland", + "Aaron Copland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer who developed a distinctly American music (1900-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Copley", + "John Copley", + "John Singleton Copley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American painter who did portraits of Paul Revere and John Hancock before fleeing to England to avoid the American Revolution (1738-1815)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coppola", + "Francis Ford Coppola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corbett", + "Jim Corbett", + "James John Corbett", + "Gentleman Jim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States heavyweight boxing champion (1866-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corday", + "Charlotte Corday", + "Marie Anne Charlotte Corday d'Armont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French revolutionary heroine (a Girondist) who assassinated Marat (1768-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordoba", + "Francisco Fernandez Cordoba", + "Cordova", + "Francisco Fernandez de Cordova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish explorer who discovered Yucatan (1475-1526)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corelli", + "Arcangelo Corelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian violinist and composer of violin concertos (1653-1713)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corneille", + "Pierre Corneille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French tragic dramatist whose plays treat grand moral themes in elegant verse (1606-1684)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornell", + "Ezra Cornell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman who unified the telegraph system in the United States and who in 1865 (with Andrew D. White) founded Cornell University (1807-1874)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornell", + "Katherine Cornell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress noted for her performances in Broadway plays (1893-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cornwallis", + "Charles Cornwallis", + "First Marquess Cornwallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corot", + "Jean Baptiste Camille Corot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter of Italian landscapes (1796-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Correggio", + "Antonio Allegri da Correggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter noted for his use of chiaroscuro and perspective (1494-1534)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cortes", + "Cortez", + "Hernando Cortes", + "Hernando Cortez", + "Hernan Cortes", + "Hernan Cortez" + ], + "it": [ + "Hernán Cortés", + "Fernando Cortés", + "Fernando Cortes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cosimo de Medici", + "Cosimo the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian financier and statesman and friend of the papal court (1389-1464)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coue", + "Emile Coue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French psychotherapist who claimed that if one imagined one was getting better, one would get better (1857-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coulomb", + "Charles Augustin de Coulomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist famous for his discoveries in the field of electricity and magnetism; formulated Coulomb's Law (1736-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Couperin", + "Francois Couperin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of music for organ and a member of a family of distinguished organists (1668-1733)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Courbet", + "Gustave Courbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter noted for his realistic depiction of everyday scenes (1819-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Court", + "Margaret Court" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian woman tennis player who won many major championships (born in 1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cousteau", + "Jacques Costeau", + "Jacques Yves Costeau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French underwater explorer (born in 1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coward", + "Noel Coward", + "Sir Noel Pierce Coward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist and actor and composer noted for his witty and sophisticated comedies (1899-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cowper", + "William Cowper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet who wrote hymns and poetry about nature (1731-1800)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cowper", + "William Cowper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English surgeon who discovered Cowper's gland (1666-1709)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Craigie", + "William A. Craigie", + "Sir William Alexander Craigie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lexicographer who was a joint editor of the Oxford English Dictionary (1872-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crane", + "Hart Crane", + "Harold Hart Crane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1899-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crane", + "Stephen Crane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1871-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crawford", + "Joan Crawford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (1908-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crawford", + "Thomas Crawford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States neoclassical sculptor (1814-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crazy Horse", + "Tashunca-Uitco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chief of the Sioux who resisted the invasion of the Black Hills and joined Sitting Bull in the defeat of General Custer at Little Bighorn (1849-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crichton", + "James Crichton", + "The Admirable Crichton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish man of letters and adventurer (1560-1582)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crick", + "Francis Crick", + "Francis Henry Compton Crick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist who (with Watson in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (1916-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crispin", + "Saint Crispin", + "St. Crispin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patron saint of shoemakers; he and his brother were martyred for trying to spread Christianity (3rd century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crockett", + "Davy Crockett", + "David Crockett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States frontiersman and Tennessee politician who died at the siege of the Alamo (1786-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Croesus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last king of Lydia (died in 546 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crohn", + "Burrill Bernard Crohn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician who specialized in diseases of the intestines; he was the first to describe regional ileitis which is now known as Crohn's disease (1884-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cromwell", + "Oliver Cromwell", + "Ironsides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cronyn", + "Hume Cronyn", + "Hume Blake Cronyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian actor who frequently played character parts with his wife Jessica Tandy (1911-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crookes", + "William Crookes", + "Sir William Crookes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist and physicist; discovered thallium; invented the radiometer and studied cathode rays (1832-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crosby", + "Bing Crosby", + "Harry Lillis Crosby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and film actor (1904-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crouse", + "Russel Crouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1893-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Culbertson", + "Ely Culbertson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States authority on contract bridge whose books helped to popularize the game (1891-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cumberland", + "William Augustus", + "Duke of Cumberland", + "Butcher Cumberland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cummings", + "e. e. cummings", + "Edward Estlin Cummings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his typographically eccentric poetry (1894-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cunningham", + "Merce Cunningham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curie", + "Marie Curie", + "Madame Curie", + "Marya Sklodowska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French chemist (born in Poland) who won two Nobel prizes; one (with her husband and Henri Becquerel) for research on radioactivity and another for her discovery of radium and polonium (1867-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curie", + "Pierre Curie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist; husband of Marie Curie (1859-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curl", + "Robert Curl", + "Robert F. Curl", + "Robert Floyd Curl Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American chemist who with Richard Smalley and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Currier", + "Nathaniel Currier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lithographer who (with his partner James Ives) produced thousands of prints signed `Currier & Ives' (1813-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curtis", + "William Curtis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English botanical writer and publisher (1746-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Curtiss", + "Glenn Curtiss", + "Glenn Hammond Curtiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist and aviation pioneer (1878-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cushing", + "Harvey Cushing", + "Harvery Williams Cushing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Custer", + "George Armstrong Custer", + "General Custer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who was killed along with all his command by the Sioux at the Battle of Little Bighorn (1839-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cuvier", + "Georges Cuvier", + "Baron Georges Cuvier", + "Georges Leopold Chretien Frederic Dagobert Cuvier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French naturalist known as the father of comparative anatomy (1769-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cynewulf", + "Cynwulf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Saxon poet (circa 9th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrano de Bergerac", + "Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French soldier and dramatist remembered chiefly for fighting many duels (often over the size of his nose); was immortalized in 1897 in a play by Edmond Rostand (1619-1655)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyril", + "Saint Cyril", + "St. Cyril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek missionary; the invention of the Cyrillic alphabet is attributed to him (826-869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrus", + "Cyrus the Younger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Persian prince who was defeated in battle by his brother Artaxerxes II (424-401 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cyrus II", + "Cyrus the Elder", + "Cyrus the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia and founder of the Persian Empire (circa 600-529 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Czerny", + "Karl Czerny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian virtuoso pianist and composer of many works for the piano; studied with Beethoven and was a teacher of Liszt (1791-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "da Gamma", + "Vasco da Gamma", + "Gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese navigator who led an expedition around the Cape of Good Hope in 1497; he sighted and named Natal on Christmas Day before crossing the Indian Ocean (1469-1524)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daguerre", + "Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French inventor of the first practical photographic process, the daguerreotype (1789-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daimler", + "Gottlieb Daimler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German engineer and automobile manufacturer who produced the first high-speed internal combustion engine (1834-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dali", + "Salvador Dali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surrealist Spanish painter (1904-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dalton", + "John Dalton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist and physicist who formulated atomic theory and the law of partial pressures; gave the first description of red-green color blindness (1766-1844)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek courtier to Dionysius the Elder who (according to legend) was condemned to sit under a naked sword that was suspended by a hair in order to demonstrate to him that being a king was not the happy state Damocles had said it was (4th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Damon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the friend of Phintias who pledged his life that Phintias would return (4th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dante", + "Dante Alighieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Danton", + "Georges Jacques Danton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French revolutionary leader who stormed the Paris bastille and who supported the execution of Louis XVI but was guillotined by Robespierre for his opposition to the Reign of Terror (1759-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darius I", + "Darius the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia who expanded the Persian Empire and invaded Greece but was defeated at the battle of Marathon (550-486 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darius III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia who was defeated by Alexander the Great; his murder effectively ended the Persian Empire (died in 330 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darrow", + "Clarence Darrow", + "Clarence Seward Darrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer famous for his defense of lost causes (1857-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Darwin", + "Charles Darwin", + "Charles Robert Darwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Daumier", + "Honore Daumier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter best known for his satirical lithographs of bourgeois society (1808-1879)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "David" + ], + "it": [ + "Davide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the 2nd king of the Israelites; as a young shepherd he fought Goliath (a giant Philistine warrior) and killed him by hitting him in the head with a stone flung from a sling; he united Israel with Jerusalem as its capital; many of the Psalms are attributed to David (circa 1000-962 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "David", + "Jacques Louis David" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French neoclassical painter who actively supported the French Revolution (1748-1825)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "David", + "Saint David", + "St. David" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis", + "Bette Davis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (1908-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis", + "Dwight Davis", + "Dwight Filley Davis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who donated the Davis Cup for international team tennis competition (1879-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis", + "Jefferson Davis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American statesman; president of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War (1808-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis", + "Miles Davis", + "Miles Dewey Davis Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz musician; noted for his trumpet style (1926-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davis", + "Stuart Davis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter who developed an American version of cubism (1894-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davy", + "Humphrey Davy", + "Sir Humphrey Davy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist who was a pioneer in electrochemistry and who used it to isolate elements sodium and potassium and barium and boron and calcium and magnesium and chlorine (1778-1829)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Davys", + "John Davys", + "Davis", + "John Davis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English navigator who explored the Arctic while searching for the Northwest Passage (1550-1605)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dawes", + "William Dawes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American patriot who rode with Paul Revere to warn that the British were advancing on Lexington and Concord (1745-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Day", + "Clarence Day", + "Clarence Shepard Day Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer best known for his autobiographical works (1874-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dayan", + "Moshe Dayan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli general and statesman (1915-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dean", + "James Dean", + "James Byron Dean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor whose moody rebellious roles made him a cult figure (1931-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "De Bakey", + "Michael Ellis De Bakey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States heart surgeon who in 1966 implanted the first artificial heart in a human patient (born in 1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Debs", + "Eugene V. Debs", + "Eugene Victor Debs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor organizer who ran for President as a socialist (1855-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Debussy", + "Claude Debussey", + "Claude Achille Debussy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer who is said to have created Impressionism in music (1862-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decatur", + "Stephen Decatur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naval officer remembered for his heroic deeds (1779-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Decius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome who was proclaimed emperor against his will; his reign was notable for his severe persecution of Christians (201-251)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deere", + "John Deere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who manufactured plows suitable for working the prairie soil (1804-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Defoe", + "Daniel Defoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer remembered particularly for his novel about Robinson Crusoe (1660-1731)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "De Forest", + "Lee De Forest", + "Father of Radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer who in 1907 patented the first triode vacuum tube, which made it possible to detect and amplify radio waves (1873-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Degas", + "Edgar Degas", + "Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French impressionist painter (1834-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de Gaulle", + "General de Gaulle", + "Charles de Gaulle", + "General Charles de Gaulle", + "Charles Andre Joseph Marie de Gaulle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dekker", + "Decker", + "Thomas Dekker", + "Thomas Decker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist and pamphleteer (1572-1632)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de Kooning", + "Willem de Kooning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (born in the Netherlands) who was a leading American exponent of abstract expressionism (1904-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delacroix", + "Eugene Delacroix", + "Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French romantic painter (1798-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de la Mare", + "Walter de la Mare", + "Walter John de la Mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet remembered for his verse for children (1873-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delbruck", + "Max Delbruck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biologist (born in Germany) who studied how viruses infect living cells (1906-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delibes", + "Leo Delibes", + "Clement Philibert Leo Delibes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of operas (1836-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delilah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the Philistine mistress of Samson who betrayed him by cutting off his hair and so deprived him of his strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delius", + "Frederick Delius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer of orchestral works (1862-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Delorme", + "Philibert Delorme", + "de l'Orme", + "Philibert de l'Orme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French royal architect who built the Tuileries Palace and Gardens in Paris for Catherine de Medicis (1515-1570)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demetrius", + "Demetrius I", + "Demetrius Poliorcetes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Antigonus Cyclops and king of Macedonia; he and his father were defeated at the battle of Ipsus (337-283 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de Mille", + "Agnes de Mille", + "Agnes George de Mille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer who introduced formal dance to a wide audience (1905-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DeMille", + "Cecil B. DeMille", + "Cecil Blount DeMille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker remembered for his extravagant and spectacular epic productions (1881-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Democritus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher who developed an atomistic theory of matter (460-370 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Demosthenes" + ], + "it": [ + "Demostene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian statesman and orator (circa 385-322 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dempsey", + "Jack Dempsey", + "William Harrison Dempsey", + "Manassa Mauler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (1895-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Deng Xiaoping", + "Teng Hsiao-ping", + "Teng Hsiaoping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese communist statesman (1904-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "De Niro", + "Robert De Niro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor who frequently plays tough characters (born 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Depardieu", + "Gerard Depardieu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French film actor (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "De Quincey", + "Thomas De Quincey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer who described the psychological effects of addiction to opium (1785-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Derain", + "Andre Derain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter and exponent of fauvism (1880-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Derrida", + "Jacques Derrida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher and critic (born in Algeria); exponent of deconstructionism (1930-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de Saussure", + "Ferdinand de Saussure", + "Saussure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss linguist and expert in historical linguistics whose lectures laid the foundations for synchronic linguistics (1857-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Descartes", + "Rene Descartes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter; introduced the use of coordinates to locate a point in two or three dimensions (1596-1650)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "De Sica", + "Vittorio De Sica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian film maker (1901-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de Valera", + "Eamon de Valera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish statesman (born in the United States); as president of the Irish Free State he was responsible for the new constitution of 1937 that created the state of Eire (1882-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deVries", + "De Vries", + "Hugo deVries", + "Hugo De Vries" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch botanist who rediscovered Mendel's laws and developed the mutation theory of evolution (1848-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewar", + "Sir James Dewar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish chemist and physicist noted for his work in cryogenics and his invention of the Dewar flask (1842-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewey", + "John Dewey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewey", + "George Dewey", + "Admiral Dewey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dewey", + "Melvil Dewey", + "Melville Louis Kossuth Dewey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States librarian who founded the decimal system of classification (1851-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diaghilev", + "Sergei Diaghilev", + "Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian ballet impresario who founded the Russian ballet and later introduced it to the West (1872-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diana", + "Princess Diana", + "Princess of Wales", + "Lady Diana Frances Spencer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English aristocrat who was the first wife of Prince Charles; her death in an automobile accident in Paris produced intense national mourning (1961-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diane de Poitiers", + "Duchesse de Valentinois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French noblewoman who was the mistress of Henry II; she had more influence over him than did his wife Catherine de Medicis (1499-1566)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dias", + "Diaz", + "Bartholomeu Dias", + "Bartholomeu Diaz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese explorer who in 1488 was the first European to get round the Cape of Good Hope (thus establishing a sea route from the Atlantic to Asia) (1450-1500)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dickens", + "Charles Dickens", + "Charles John Huffam Dickens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer whose novels depicted and criticized social injustice (1812-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dickinson", + "Emily Dickinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet noted for her mystical and unrhymed poems (1830-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diderot", + "Denis Diderot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher who was a leading figure of the Enlightenment in France; principal editor of an encyclopedia that disseminated the scientific and philosophical knowledge of the time (1713-1784)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Didion", + "Joan Didion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diesel", + "Rudolf Diesel", + "Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German engineer (born in France) who invented the diesel engine (1858-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dietrich", + "Marlene Dietrich", + "Maria Magdalene von Losch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (born in Germany) who made many films with Josef von Sternberg and later was a successful cabaret star (1901-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "DiMaggio", + "Joe DiMaggio", + "Joseph Paul DiMaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States professional baseball player noted for his batting ability (1914-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dinesen", + "Isak Dinesen", + "Blixen", + "Karen Blixen", + "Baroness Karen Blixen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish writer who lived in Kenya for 19 years and is remembered for her writings about Africa (1885-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diocletian", + "Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor who when faced with military problems decided in 286 to divide the Roman Empire between himself in the east and Maximian in the west; he initiated the last persecution of the Christians in 303 (245-313)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diogenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancient Greek philosopher and Cynic who rejected social conventions (circa 400-325 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dionysius", + "Dionysius the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tyrant of Syracuse who fought the Carthaginians (430-367 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diophantus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek mathematician who was the first to try to develop an algebraic notation (3rd century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dior", + "Christian Dior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French couturier whose first collection in 1947 created a style that became known as the New Look (1905-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dirac", + "Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English theoretical physicist who applied relativity theory to quantum mechanics and predicted the existence of antimatter and the positron (1902-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Disney", + "Walt Disney", + "Walter Elias Disney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker who pioneered animated cartoons and created such characters as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck; founded Disneyland (1901-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Disraeli", + "Benjamin Disraeli", + "First Earl of Beaconsfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman who as Prime Minister bought controlling interest in the Suez Canal and made Queen Victoria the empress of India (1804-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dix", + "Dorothea Dix", + "Dorothea Lynde Dix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States social reformer who pioneered in the reform of prisons and in the treatment of the mentally ill; superintended women army nurses during the American Civil War (1802-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doctorow", + "E. L. Doctorow", + "Edgard Lawrence Doctorow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dolby", + "Ray M. Dolby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer who devised the Dolby system used to reduce background noise in tape recording" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Domingo", + "Placido Domingo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish operatic tenor noted for performances in operas by Verdi and Puccini (born in 1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dominic", + "Saint Dominic", + "St. Dominic", + "Domingo de Guzman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) Spanish priest who founded an order whose members became known as Dominicans or Black Friars (circa 1170-1221)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Domino", + "Fats Domino", + "Antoine Domino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rhythm and blues pianist and singer and composer (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Domitian", + "Titus Flavius Domitianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome; son of Vespasian who succeeded his brother Titus; instigated a reign of terror and was assassinated as a tyrant (51-96)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donatello", + "Donato di Betto Bardi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine sculptor famous for his lifelike sculptures (1386-1466)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donatus", + "Aelius Donatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman grammarian whose textbook on Latin grammar was used throughout the Middle Ages (fourth century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donizetti", + "Gaetano Donizetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer of operas (1797-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Don Juan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary Spanish nobleman and philanderer who became the hero of many poems and plays and operas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donkin", + "Bryan Donkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English engineer who developed a method of preserving food by sterilizing it with heat and sealing it inside a steel container--the first tin can (1768-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Donne", + "John Donne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman and metaphysical poet celebrated as a preacher (1572-1631)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doolittle", + "Jimmy Doolittle", + "James Harold Doolittle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Air Force officer who electrified the world in 1942 by leading a squadron of 16 bombers on a daylight raid over Tokyo (1896-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doppler", + "Christian Johann Doppler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physicist famous for his discovery of the Doppler effect (1803-1853)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dos Passos", + "John Dos Passos", + "John Roderigo Dos Passos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist remembered for his portrayal of life in the United States (1896-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dostoyevsky", + "Dostoevski", + "Dostoevsky", + "Feodor Dostoyevsky", + "Fyodor Dostoyevsky", + "Feodor Dostoevski", + "Fyodor Dostoevski", + "Feodor Dostoevsky", + "Fyodor Dostoevsky", + "Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky", + "Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky", + "Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoevski", + "Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevski", + "Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky", + "Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian novelist who wrote of human suffering with humor and psychological insight (1821-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Douglas", + "Stephen A. Douglas", + "Stephen Arnold Douglas", + "Little Giant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who proposed that individual territories be allowed to decide whether they would have slavery; he engaged in a famous series of debates with Abraham Lincoln (1813-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Douglass", + "Frederick Douglass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North (1817-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dowding", + "Hugh Dowding", + "Baron Hugh Caswall Tremenheere Dowding", + "Dowdy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British marshal of the RAF who commanded the British air defense forces that defeated the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain (1882-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dowland", + "John Dowland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lutenist and composer of songs for the lute (1563-1626)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Down", + "John L. H. Down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician who first described Down's syndrome (1828-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Downing", + "Andrew Jackson Downing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States landscape architect who designed the grounds of the White House and the Capitol Building (1815-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "D'Oyly Carte", + "Richard D'Oyly Carte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English impresario who brought Gilbert and Sullivan together and produced many of their operettas in London (1844-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Draco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian lawmaker whose code of laws prescribed death for almost every offense (circa 7th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drake", + "Francis Drake", + "Sir Francis Drake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dreiser", + "Theodore Dreiser", + "Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (1871-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drew", + "John Drew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dreyfus", + "Alfred Dreyfus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French army officer of Jewish descent whose false imprisonment for treason in 1894 raised issues of anti-Semitism that dominated French politics until his release in 1906 (1859-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dryden", + "John Dryden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outstanding poet and dramatist of the Restoration (1631-1700)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Du Barry", + "Comtesse Du Barry", + "Marie Jeanne Becu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "courtier and influential mistress of Louis XV who was guillotined during the French Revolution (1743-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Du Bois", + "W. E. B. Du Bois", + "William Edward Burghardt Du Bois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans (1868-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duchamp", + "Marcel Duchamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French artist who immigrated to the United States; a leader in the dada movement in New York City; was first to exhibit commonplace objects as art (1887-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dufy", + "Raoul Dufy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter noted for brightly colored scenes (1877-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dukas", + "Paul Dukas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer (1865-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dulles", + "John Foster Dulles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat who (as Secretary of State) pursued a policy of opposition to the USSR by providing aid to American allies (1888-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dumas", + "Alexandre Dumas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer remembered for his swashbuckling historical tales (1802-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "du Maurier", + "George du Maurier", + "George Louis Palmella Busson du Maurier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and illustrator; grandfather of Daphne du Maurier (1834-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "du Maurier", + "Daphne du Maurier", + "Dame Daphne du Maurier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of melodramatic novels (1907-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duncan", + "Isadora Duncan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and pioneer of modern dance (1878-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duns Scotus", + "John Duns Scotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish theologian who was very influential in the Middle Ages (1265-1308)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durant", + "Will Durant", + "William James Durant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian (1885-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durante", + "Jimmy Durante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian remembered for his large nose and hoarse voice (1893-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durer", + "Albrecht Durer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leading German painter and engraver of the Renaissance (1471-1528)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durkheim", + "Emile Durkheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French sociologist and first professor of sociology at the Sorbonne (1858-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Durrell", + "Lawrence Durrell", + "Lawrence George Durrell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of Irish descent who spent much of his life in Mediterranean regions (1912-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duse", + "Eleonora Duse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian actress best known for her performances in tragic roles (1858-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duvalier", + "Francois Duvalier", + "Papa Doc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppressive Haitian dictator (1907-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Duvalier", + "Jean-Claude Duvalier", + "Baby Doc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son and successor of Francois Duvalier as president of Haiti; he was overthrown by a mass uprising in 1986 (born in 1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dvorak", + "Antonin Dvorak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech composer who combined folk elements with traditional forms (1841-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dylan", + "Bob Dylan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States songwriter noted for his protest songs (born in 1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eames", + "Charles Eames" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States designer noted for an innovative series of chairs (1907-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Earhart", + "Amelia Earhart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first woman aviator to fly solo nonstop across the Atlantic (1928); while attempting to fly around the world she disappeared over the Pacific (1898-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastman", + "George Eastman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of a dry-plate process of developing photographic film and of flexible film (his firm introduced roll film) and of the box camera and of a process for color photography (1854-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eccles", + "John Eccles", + "Sir John Carew Eccles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian physiologist noted for his research on the conduction of impulses by nerve cells (1903-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eck", + "Johann Eck", + "Johann Maier Eck", + "Johann Maier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a German Roman Catholic theologian who was an indefatigable opponent of Martin Luther (1486-1543)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eckhart", + "Johannes Eckhart", + "Meister Eckhart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German Roman Catholic theologian and mystic (1260-1327)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eddington", + "Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer remembered for his popular elucidation of relativity theory (1882-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eddy", + "Mary Baker Eddy", + "Mary Morse Baker Eddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "founder of Christian Science in 1866 (1821-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ederle", + "Gertrude Ederle", + "Gertrude Caroline Ederle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States swimmer who in 1926 became the first woman to swim the English Channel (1906-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edgar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the younger brother of Edwy who became king of Northumbria when it renounced Edwy; on Edwy's death he succeeded to the throne of England (944-975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edison", + "Thomas Edison", + "Thomas Alva Edison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor; inventions included the phonograph and incandescent electric light and the microphone and the Kinetoscope (1847-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edmund I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the English who succeeded Athelstan; he drove out the Danes and made peace with Scotland (921-946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edmund II", + "Edmund Ironside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the English who led resistance to Canute but was defeated and forced to divide the kingdom with Canute (980-1016)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Black Prince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Edward III who defeated the French at Crecy and Poitiers in the Hundred Years' War (1330-1376)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i94999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Prince Edward", + "Edward Antony Richard Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "third son of Elizabeth II (born in 1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1272 to 1307; conquered Wales (1239-1307)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1307 to 1327 and son of Edward I; was defeated at Bannockburn by the Scots led by Robert the Bruce; was deposed and died in prison (1284-1327)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Edward II and King of England from 1327-1377; his claim to the French throne provoked the Hundred Years' War; his reign was marked by an epidemic of the Black Plague and by the emergence of the House of Commons as the powerful arm of British Parliament (1312-1377)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1461 to 1470 and from 1471 to 1483; was dethroned in 1470 but regained the throne in 1471 by his victory at the battle of Tewkesbury (1442-1483)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England who was crowned at the age of 13 on the death of his father Edward IV but was immediately confined to the Tower of London where he and his younger brother were murdered (1470-1483)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward VI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England and Ireland from 1547 to 1553; son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour; died of tuberculosis (1537-1553)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward VII", + "Albert Edward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1901 to 1910; son of Victoria and Prince Albert; famous for his elegant sporting ways (1841-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward", + "Edward VIII", + "Duke of Windsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edwards", + "Jonathan Edwards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American theologian whose sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America (1703-1758)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward the Confessor", + "Saint Edward the Confessor", + "St. Edward the Confessor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Ethelred the Unready; King of England from 1042 to 1066; he founded Westminster Abbey where he was eventually buried (1003-1066)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Wessex whose military success against the Danes made it possible for his son Athelstan to become the first king of all England (870-924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edward the Martyr", + "Saint Edward the Martyr", + "St. Edward the Martyr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England who was a son of Edgar; he was challenged for the throne by supporters of his half-brother Ethelred II who eventually murdered him (963-978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Northumbria who was converted to Christianity (585-633)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Edwy", + "Eadwig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England who was renounced by Northumbria in favor of his brother Edgar (died in 959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Egbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Wessex whose military victories made Wessex the most powerful kingdom in England (died in 839)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eglevsky", + "Andre Eglevsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States ballet dancer (born in Russia) (1917-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ehrenberg", + "Ilya Ehrenberg", + "Ilya Grigorievich Ehrenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian novelist (1891-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ehrlich", + "Paul Ehrlich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German bacteriologist who found a `magic bullet' to cure syphilis and was a pioneer in the study of immunology (1854-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eichmann", + "Adolf Eichmann", + "Karl Adolf Eichmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian who became the Nazi official who administered the concentration camps where millions of Jews were murdered during World War II (1906-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eiffel", + "Alexandre Gustave Eiffel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French engineer who constructed the Eiffel Tower (1832-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eigen", + "Manfred Eigen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who did research on high-speed chemical reactions (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eijkman", + "Christiaan Eijkman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physician who discovered that beriberi is caused by a nutritional deficiency (1858-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Einstein", + "Albert Einstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physicist born in Germany who formulated the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity; Einstein also proposed that light consists of discrete quantized bundles of energy (later called photons) (1879-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Einthoven", + "Willem Einthoven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physiologist who devised the first electrocardiograph (1860-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eisenhower", + "Dwight Eisenhower", + "Dwight D. Eisenhower", + "Dwight David Eisenhower", + "Ike", + "President Eisenhower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany; 34th President of the United States (1890-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eisenstaedt", + "Alfred Eisenstaedt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States photographer (born in Germany) whose unposed documentary photographs created photojournalism (born in 1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eisenstein", + "Sergei Eisenstein", + "Sergei Mikhailovich Eisenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian film maker who pioneered the use of montage and is considered among the most influential film makers in the history of motion pictures (1898-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ekman", + "Vagn Walfrid Ekman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish oceanographer who recognized the role of the Coriolis effect on ocean currents (1874-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eleanor of Aquitaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of France as the wife of Louis VII; that marriage was annulled in 1152 and she then married Henry II and became Queen of England (1122-1204)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elgar", + "Sir Edward Elgar", + "Sir Edward William Elgar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British composer of choral and orchestral works including two symphonies as well as songs and chamber music and music for brass band (1857-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Greco", + "Greco", + "Domenikos Theotocopoulos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish painter (born in Greece) remembered for his religious works characterized by elongated human forms and dramatic use of color (1541-1614)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elijah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew prophet in the Old Testament who opposed the worship of idols; he was persecuted for rebuking Ahab and Jezebel (king and queen of Israel); he was taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire (circa 9th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eliot", + "George Eliot", + "Mary Ann Evans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of novels characterized by realistic analysis of provincial Victorian society (1819-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eliot", + "T. S. Eliot", + "Thomas Stearns Eliot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British poet (born in the United States) who won the Nobel prize for literature; his plays are outstanding examples of modern verse drama (1888-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elizabeth", + "Elizabeth I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England from 1558 to 1603; daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; she succeeded Mary I (who was a Catholic) and restored Protestantism to England; during her reign Mary Queen of Scots was executed and the Spanish Armada was defeated; her reign was marked by prosperity and literary genius (1533-1603)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Elizabeth", + "Elizabeth II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ellington", + "Duke Ellington", + "Edward Kennedy Ellington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz composer and piano player and bandleader (1899-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ellison", + "Ralph Ellison", + "Ralph Waldo Ellison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist who wrote about a young Black man and his struggles in American society (1914-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ellsworth", + "Oliver Ellsworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist and the third chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1807)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Emerson", + "Ralph Waldo Emerson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Empedocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher who taught that all matter is composed of particles of fire and water and air and earth (fifth century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Endecott", + "Endicott", + "John Endecott", + "John Endicott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "born in England; in 1629 he became the founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (1588-1665)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enesco", + "Georges Enesco", + "George Enescu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Romanian violinist and composer (1881-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Engels", + "Friedrich Engels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socialist who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx in 1848 (1820-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epictetus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher who was a Stoic (circa 50-130)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epicurus" + ], + "it": [ + "Epicuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher who believed that the world is a random combination of atoms and that pleasure is the highest good (341-270 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epstein", + "Jacob Epstein", + "Sir Jacob Epstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British sculptor (born in the United States) noted for busts and large controversial works (1880-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erasmus", + "Desiderius Erasmus", + "Gerhard Gerhards", + "Geert Geerts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe; although his criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church led to the Reformation, he opposed violence and condemned Martin Luther (1466-1536)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eratosthenes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek mathematician and astronomer who estimated the circumference of the earth and the distances to the Moon and sun (276-194 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erlenmeyer", + "Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist (1825-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ernst", + "Max Ernst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "painter (born in Germany, resident of France and the United States) who was a cofounder of dadaism; developed the technique of collage (1891-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erving", + "Julius Erving", + "Julius Winfield Erving", + "Dr. J" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States basketball forward (born in 1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esaki", + "Leo Esaki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physicist honored for advances in solid state electronics (born in Japan in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the eldest son of Isaac who would have inherited the covenant that God made with Abraham and that Abraham passed on to Isaac; he traded his birthright to his twin brother Jacob for a mess of pottage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Esther" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a beautiful Jewess chosen by the king of Persia to be his queen; she stopped a plot to massacre all the Jews in Persia (an event celebrated by Jews as the feast of Purim)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethelbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethelred", + "Ethelred I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Wessex and Kent and elder brother of Alfred; Alfred joined Ethelred's battle against the invading Danes and succeeded him on his death (died in 871)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ethelred", + "Ethelred II", + "Ethelred the Unready" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the English who succeeded to the throne after his half-brother Edward the Martyr was murdered; he struggled unsuccessfully against the invading Danes (969-1016)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euclid" + ], + "it": [ + "Euclide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek geometer (3rd century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eugene", + "Prince Eugene of Savoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian general in the service of the Holy Roman Empire during the War of the Spanish Succession (1663-1736)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euler", + "Leonhard Euler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss mathematician (1707-1783)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Euripides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the greatest tragic dramatists of ancient Greece (480-406 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eusebius", + "Eusebius of Caesarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian bishop of Caesarea in Palestine; a church historian and a leading early Christian exegete (circa 270-340)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eustachio", + "Bartolommeo Eustachio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian anatomist who was one of the fathers of modern anatomy; noted for descriptions of the ear and the heart (1520-1574)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evans", + "Arthur Evans", + "Sir Arthur John Evans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British archaeologist who excavated the palace of Knossos in Crete to find what he called Minoan civilization (1851-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evans", + "Herbert McLean Evans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anatomist who identified four pituitary hormones and discovered vitamin E (1882-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evers", + "Medgar Evers", + "Medgar Wiley Evers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights worker in Mississippi; was killed by a sniper (1925-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Evert", + "Chris Evert", + "Chrissie Evert", + "Christine Marie Evert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who won women's singles titles in the United States and at Wimbledon (born in 1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eyck", + "van Eyck", + "Jan van Eyck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Flemish painter who was a founder of the Flemish school of painting and who pioneered modern techniques of oil painting (1390-1441)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eysenck", + "Hans Eysenck", + "H. J. Eysenck", + "Hans Jurgen Eysenck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British psychologist (born in Germany) noted for his theories of intelligence and personality and for his strong criticism of Freudian psychoanalysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ezekiel", + "Ezechiel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew prophet of the 6th century BC who was exiled to Babylon in 587 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ezra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jewish priest and scribe sent by the Persian king to restore Jewish law and worship in Jerusalem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faberge", + "Peter Carl Faberge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian goldsmith noted for creating a series of jeweled and enameled Easter eggs for European royalty (1846-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fahd", + "Fahd ibn Abdel Aziz al-Saud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005 (1923-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fahrenheit", + "Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who invented the mercury thermometer and developed the scale of temperature that bears his name (1686-1736)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fairbanks", + "Douglas Fairbanks", + "Douglas Elton Fairbanks", + "Julius Ullman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor noted for his swashbuckling roles (1883-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fairbanks", + "Douglas Fairbanks Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor; son of Douglas Elton Fairbanks, (1909-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faisal", + "Faisal ibn Abdel Aziz al-Saud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975 (1906-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falla", + "Manuel de Falla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish composer and pianist (1876-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fallopius", + "Gabriele Fallopius", + "Fallopio", + "Gabriello Fallopio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian anatomist who first described the Fallopian tubes (1523-1562)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fallot", + "Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faraday", + "Michael Faraday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the English physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1791-1867)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farmer", + "Fannie Farmer", + "Fannie Merritt Farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an expert on cooking whose cookbook has undergone many editions (1857-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farmer", + "James Leonard Farmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader who in 1942 founded the Congress of Racial Equality (born in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farouk I", + "Faruk I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Egypt who in 1952 was ousted by a military coup d'etat (1920-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farragut", + "David Glasgow Farragut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States admiral who commanded Union ships during the American Civil War (1801-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farrell", + "Eileen Farrell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic soprano noted for the clarity and power of her voice (1920-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Farrell", + "James Thomas Farrell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered for his novels (1904-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fatima", + "Fatimah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "youngest daughter of the prophet Mohammed and wife of the fourth calif Ali; revered especially by Shiite Muslims (606-632)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Faulkner", + "William Faulkner", + "William Cuthbert Faulkner", + "Falkner", + "William Falkner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (originally Falkner) who wrote about people in the southern United States (1897-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fawkes", + "Guy Fawkes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English conspirator who was executed for his role in a plot to blow up James I and the Houses of Parliament (1570-1606)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fechner", + "Gustav Theodor Fechner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who founded psychophysics; derived Fechner's law on the basis of early work by E. H. Weber (1801-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Feifer", + "Jules Feifer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cartoonist who created a sarcastic comic strip (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fellini", + "Federico Fellini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian filmmaker (1920-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferber", + "Edna Ferber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist; author of several popular novels (1887-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand I", + "Ferdinand the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Castile and Leon who achieved control of the Moorish kings of Saragossa and Seville and Toledo (1016-1065)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Emperor and king of Hungary and Bohemia (1503-1564)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Emperor and king of Bohemia and Hungary who waged war against Protestant forces (1578-1637)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Emperor and king of Hungary and Bohemia who signed the Peace of Westphalia ending the Thirty Years' War (1608-1657)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferdinand", + "King Ferdinand", + "Ferdinand of Aragon", + "Ferdinand V", + "Ferdinand the Catholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the king of Castile and Aragon who ruled jointly with his wife Isabella; his marriage to Isabella I in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain and their capture of Granada from the Moors in 1492 united Spain as one country; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and supported the expedition of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1452-1516)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fermat", + "Pierre de Fermat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician who founded number theory; contributed (with Pascal) to the theory of probability (1601-1665)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fermi", + "Enrico Fermi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian nuclear physicist (in the United States after 1939) who worked on artificial radioactivity caused by neutron bombardment and who headed the group that in 1942 produced the first controlled nuclear reaction (1901-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Feynman", + "Richard Feynman", + "Richard Phillips Feynman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who contributed to the theory of the interaction of photons and electrons (1918-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fiedler", + "Arthur Fiedler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "popular United States conductor (1894-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fielding", + "Henry Fielding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist and dramatist (1707-1754)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fields", + "W. C. Fields", + "William Claude Dukenfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fillmore", + "Millard Fillmore", + "President Fillmore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elected vice president and became the 13th President of the United States when Zachary Taylor died in office (1800-1874)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Finnbogadottir", + "Vigdis Finnbogadottir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "former president of Iceland; first woman to be democratically elected head of state (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Firth", + "J. R. Firth", + "John Rupert Firth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English linguist who contributed to linguistic semantics and to prosodic phonology and who was noted for his insistence on studying both sound and meaning in context (1890-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fischer", + "Bobby Fischer", + "Robert James Fischer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chess master; world champion from 1972 to 1975 (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fischer", + "Emil Hermann Fischer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist noted for work on synthetic sugars and the purines (1852-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fischer", + "Hans Fischer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist noted for his synthesis of hemin (1881-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fitzgerald", + "Ella Fitzgerald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States scat singer (1917-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fitzgerald", + "F. Scott Fitzgerald", + "Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author whose novels characterized the Jazz Age in the United States (1896-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fitzgerald", + "Edward Fitzgerald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet remembered primarily for his free translation of the poetry of Omar Khayyam (1809-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flaminius", + "Gaius Flaminius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman statesman and general who built the Flaminian Way; died when he was defeated by Hannibal (died 217 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flaubert", + "Gustave Flaubert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer of novels and short stories (1821-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fleming", + "Alexander Fleming", + "Sir Alexander Fleming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish bacteriologist who discovered penicillin (1881-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fleming", + "Ian Fleming", + "Ian Lancaster Fleming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer famous for writing spy novels about secret agent James Bond (1908-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fletcher", + "John Fletcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flinders", + "Matthew Flinders", + "Sir Matthew Flinders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British explorer who mapped the Australian coast (1774-1814)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florey", + "Howard Florey", + "Sir Howard Walter Florey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British pathologist who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1898-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florio", + "John Florio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lexicographer remembered for his Italian and English dictionary (1553-1625)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Flory", + "Paul John Flory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who developed methods for studying long-chain molecules (1910-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fonda", + "Henry Fonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (1905-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fonda", + "Jane Fonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress and daughter of Henry Fonda (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fontanne", + "Lynn Fontanne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress (born in England) who married Alfred Lunt and performed with him in many plays (1887-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fonteyn", + "Dame Margot Fonteyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dancer who danced with Rudolf Nureyev (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "Henry Ford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "Gerald Ford", + "Gerald R. Ford", + "Gerald Rudolph Ford", + "President Ford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "38th President of the United States; appointed vice president and succeeded Nixon when Nixon resigned (1913-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "Ford Madox Ford", + "Ford Hermann Hueffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and editor (1873-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "Edsel Bryant Ford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry Ford (1893-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "Henry Ford II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grandson of Henry Ford (1917-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ford", + "John Ford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker (1896-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Forester", + "C. S. Forester", + "Cecil Scott Forester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of adventure novels featuring Captain Horatio Hornblower (1899-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fosbury", + "Dick Fosbury", + "Richard D. Fosbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States athlete who revolutionized the high jump by introducing the Fosbury flop in the 1968 Olympics (born in 1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foster", + "Stephen Foster", + "Stephen Collins Foster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States songwriter whose songs embody the sentiment of the South before the American Civil War (1826-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Foucault", + "Jean Bernard Leon Foucault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who determined the speed of light and showed that it travels slower in water than in air; invented the Foucault pendulum and the gyroscope (1819-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourier", + "Charles Fourier", + "Francois Marie Charles Fourier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French sociologist and reformer who hoped to achieve universal harmony by reorganizing society (1772-1837)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fourier", + "Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier", + "Baron Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician who developed Fourier analysis and studied the conduction of heat (1768-1830)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fowler", + "Henry Watson Fowler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lexicographer who wrote a well-known book on English usage (1858-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fox", + "George Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English religious leader who founded the Society of Friends (1624-1691)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fox", + "Charles James Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman who supported American independence and the French Revolution (1749-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fragonard", + "Jean Honore Fragonard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French artist whose rococo paintings typified the frivolity of life in the royal court of France in the 18th century (1732-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "France", + "Anatole France", + "Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer of sophisticated novels and short stories (1844-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francis II", + "Emperor Francis II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Holy Roman Emperor (1768-1835)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francis Ferdinand", + "Franz Ferdinand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "archduke of Austria and heir apparent to Francis Joseph I; his assassination at Sarajevo triggered the outbreak of World War I (1863-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francis Joseph", + "Franz Joseph", + "Francis Joseph I", + "Franz Josef I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emperor of Austria and king of Hungary; was defeated by Napoleon III at the battle of Magenta (1830-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Francis of Assisi", + "Saint Francis of Assisi", + "St. Francis of Assisi", + "Saint Francis", + "St. Francis", + "Giovanni di Bernardone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an Italian and the Roman Catholic monk who founded the Franciscan order of friars (1181-1226)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franck", + "James Franck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Germany) who with Gustav Hertz performed an electron scattering experiment that proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Niels Bohr (1882-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franck", + "Cesar Franck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer and teacher who influenced a generation of composers (1822-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franco", + "Francisco Franco", + "El Caudillo", + "General Franco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish general whose armies took control of Spain in 1939 and who ruled as a dictator until his death (1892-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franklin", + "Benjamin Franklin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printer whose success as an author led him to take up politics; he helped draw up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution; he played a major role in the American Revolution and negotiated French support for the colonists; as a scientist he is remembered particularly for his research in electricity (1706-1790)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Franklin", + "John Hope Franklin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frazer", + "James George Frazer", + "Sir James George Frazer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English social anthropologist noted for studies of primitive religion and magic (1854-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick I", + "Frederick Barbarossa", + "Barbarossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Holy Roman Emperor from 1152 to 1190; conceded supremacy to the pope; drowned leading the Third Crusade (1123-1190)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Frederick William who in 1701 became the first king of Prussia (1657-1713)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick II", + "Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Holy Roman Emperor who led the Sixth Crusade and crowned himself king of Jerusalem (1194-1250)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick II", + "Frederick the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; brought Prussia military prestige by winning the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War (1712-1786)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick William", + "Great Elector" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Elector of Brandenburg who rebuilt his domain after its destruction during the Thirty Years' War (1620-1688)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick William I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Frederick I who became king of Prussia in 1713; reformed and strengthened the Prussian army (1688-1740)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick William II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Prussia who became involved in a costly war with France (1744-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick William III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Prussia who became involved in the Napoleonic Wars (1770-1840)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frederick William IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Prussia who violently suppressed democratic movements (1795-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fremont", + "John C. Fremont", + "John Charles Fremont" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French", + "Daniel Chester French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor who created the seated marble figure of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. (1850-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fresnel", + "Augustin Jean Fresnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who invented polarized light and invented the Fresnel lens (1788-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Freud", + "Sigmund Freud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frick", + "Henry Clay Frick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who amassed a fortune in the steel industry (1849-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friedan", + "Betty Friedan", + "Betty Naomi Friedan", + "Betty Naomi Goldstein Friedan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist who founded a national organization for women (born in 1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Friedman", + "Milton Friedman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist noted as a proponent of monetarism and for his opposition to government intervention in the economy (born in 1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisch", + "Karl von Frisch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian zoologist noted for his studies of honeybees (1886-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisch", + "Ragnar Frisch", + "Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian economist noted for his work in econometrics (1895-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frisch", + "Otto Frisch", + "Otto Robert Frisch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist (born in Austria) who with Lise Meitner recognized that Otto Hahn had produced a new kind of nuclear reaction which they named nuclear fission; Frisch described the explosive potential of a chain nuclear reaction (1904-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frobisher", + "Sir Martin Frobisher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer who led an expedition in search of the Northwest Passage to the orient; served under Drake and helped defeat the Spanish Armada (1535-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Froebel", + "Friedrich Froebel", + "Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German educator who founded the kindergarten system (1782-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frost", + "Robert Frost", + "Robert Lee Frost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet famous for his lyrical poems on country life in New England (1874-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fry", + "Christopher Fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist noted for his comic verse dramas (born 1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fry", + "Roger Fry", + "Roger Eliot Fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English painter and art critic (1866-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frye", + "Northrop Frye", + "Herman Northrop Frye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian literary critic interested in the use of myth and symbolism (1912-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuchs", + "Klaus Fuchs", + "Emil Klaus Julius Fuchs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist who was born in Germany and fled Nazi persecution; in the 1940s he passed secret information to the USSR about the development of the atom bomb in the United States (1911-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuentes", + "Carlos Fuentes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican novelist (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fugard", + "Athol Fugard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African playwright whose plays feature the racial tensions in South Africa during apartheid (born in 1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulbright", + "William Fulbright", + "James William Fulbright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States senator who is remembered for his creation of grants that fund exchange programs of teachers and students between the United States and other countries (1905-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuller", + "Buckminster Fuller", + "R. Buckminster Fuller", + "Richard Buckminster Fuller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who invented the geodesic dome (1895-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fuller", + "Melville W. Fuller", + "Melville Weston Fuller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist and chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1833-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fulton", + "Robert Fulton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Funk", + "Casimir Funk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in Poland) who showed that several diseases were caused by dietary deficiencies and who coined the term `vitamin' for the chemicals involved (1884-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Furnivall", + "Frederick James Furnivall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philologist who first proposed the Oxford English Dictionary (1825-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gable", + "Clark Gable", + "William Clark Gable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (1901-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gabor", + "Dennis Gabor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on holography (1900-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaboriau", + "Emile Gaboriau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer considered by some to be a founder of the detective novel (1832-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gagarin", + "Yuri Gagarin", + "Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet cosmonaut who in 1961 was the first person to travel in space (1934-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gainsborough", + "Thomas Gainsborough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English portrait and landscape painter (1727-1788)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galahad", + "Sir Galahad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) the most virtuous knight of the Round Table; was able to see the Holy Grail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galbraith", + "John Galbraith", + "John Kenneth Galbraith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (born in Canada) who served as ambassador to India (born in 1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek anatomist whose theories formed the basis of European medicine until the Renaissance (circa 130-200)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galileo", + "Galileo Galilei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gallaudet", + "Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who established the first free school in the United States for the hearing impaired (1787-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galois", + "Evariste Galois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician who described the conditions for solving polynomial equations; was killed in a duel at the age of 21 (1811-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galsworthy", + "John Galsworthy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist (1867-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galton", + "Francis Galton", + "Sir Francis Galton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English scientist (cousin of Charles Darwin) who explored many fields including heredity, meteorology, statistics, psychology, and anthropology; founder of eugenics and first to use fingerprints for identification (1822-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Galvani", + "Luigi Galvani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian physiologist noted for his discovery that frogs' muscles contracted in an electric field (which led to the galvanic cell) (1737-1798)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gamow", + "George Gamow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Russia) who was a proponent of the big-bang theory and who did research in radioactivity and suggested the triplet code for DNA (1904-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gandhi", + "Mahatma Gandhi", + "Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "political and spiritual leader during India's struggle with Great Britain for home rule; an advocate of passive resistance (1869-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gandhi", + "Indira Gandhi", + "Indira Nehru Gandhi", + "Mrs. Gandhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "daughter of Nehru who served as prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977 (1917-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garbo", + "Greta Garbo", + "Greta Louisa Gustafsson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (born in Sweden) known for her reclusiveness (1905-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garcia Lorca", + "Frederico Garcia Lorca", + "Lorca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish poet and dramatist who was shot dead by Franco's soldiers soon after the start of the Spanish Civil War (1898-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gardiner", + "Samuel Rawson Gardiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British historian remembered for his ten-volume history of England (1829-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gardner", + "Erle Stanley Gardner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writer of detective novels featuring Perry Mason (1889-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gardner", + "Isabella Stewart Gardner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States collector and patron of art who built a museum in Boston to house her collection and opened it to the public in 1903 (1840-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garfield", + "James Garfield", + "James A. Garfield", + "James Abraham Garfield", + "President Garfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "20th President of the United States; assassinated by a frustrated office-seeker (1831-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garibaldi", + "Giuseppe Garibaldi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian patriot whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of the Italian state (1807-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garland", + "Judy Garland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and film actress (1922-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garnier", + "Jean Louis Charles Garnier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French architect (1825-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garrick", + "David Garrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor and theater manager who was the foremost Shakespearean actor of his day (1717-1779)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Garrison", + "William Lloyd Garrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist who published an anti-slavery journal (1805-1879)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaskell", + "Elizabeth Gaskell", + "Elizabeth Cleghorn Stevenson Gaskell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer who is remembered for her biography of Charlotte Bronte (1810-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gates", + "Bill Gates", + "William Henry Gates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gatling", + "Richard Jordan Gatling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of the first rapid firing gun (1818-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gaudi", + "Antonio Gaudi", + "Gaudi i Cornet", + "Antonio Gaudi i Cornet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish architect who was a leading exponent of art nouveau in Europe (1852-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gauguin", + "Paul Gauguin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French Post-impressionist painter who worked in the South Pacific (1848-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gauss", + "Karl Gauss", + "Karl Friedrich Gauss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician who developed the theory of numbers and who applied mathematics to electricity and magnetism and astronomy and geodesy (1777-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gawain", + "Sir Gawain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gay-Lussac", + "Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French chemist and physicist who first isolated boron and who formulated the law describing the behavior of gases under constant pressure (1778-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gehrig", + "Lou Gehrig", + "Henry Louis Gehrig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baseball player who died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1903-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geiger", + "Hans Geiger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who developed the Geiger counter (1882-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geisel", + "Theodor Seuss Geisel", + "Dr. Seuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of children's books (1904-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gell-Mann", + "Murray Gell-Mann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist noted for his studies of subatomic particles (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genet", + "Jean Genet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer of novels and dramas for the theater of the absurd (1910-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genet", + "Edmund Charles Edouard Genet", + "Citizen Genet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French diplomat who in 1793 tried to draw the United States into the war between France and England (1763-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genghis Khan", + "Jinghis Khan", + "Jenghiz Khan", + "Temujin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian emperor whose empire stretched from the Black Sea to the Pacific Ocean (1162-1227)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Genseric", + "Gaiseric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Vandals who seized Roman lands and invaded North Africa and sacked Rome (428-477)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geoffrey of Monmouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh chronicler who wrote an account of the kings of Britain which is now believed to contain little historical fact but it is a source of the Arthurian legend (circa 1100-1154)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Elector of Hanover and the first Hanoverian King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727 (1660-1727)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover from 1727 to 1760 (1683-1760)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1820; the American colonies were lost during his reign; he became insane in 1811 and his son (later George IV) acted as regent until 1820 (1738-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 1820 to 1830; his attempt to divorce his estranged wife undermined the prestige of the Crown (1762-1830)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1910 to 1936; gave up his German title in 1917 during World War I (1865-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "George VI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1936 to 1947; he succeeded Edward VIII (1895-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "George", + "Saint George", + "St. George" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geraint", + "Sir Geraint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) one of the knights of the Round Table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Geronimo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Apache chieftain who raided the white settlers in the Southwest as resistance to being confined to a reservation (1829-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gershwin", + "George Gershwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer who incorporated jazz into classical forms and composed scores for musical comedies (1898-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gershwin", + "Ira Gershwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lyricist who frequently collaborated with his brother George Gershwin (1896-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gesell", + "Arnold Gesell", + "Arnold Lucius Gesell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist noted for his work in child development (1880-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gesner", + "Konrad von Gesner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss naturalist who was one of the founders of modern zoology (1516-1565)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giacometti", + "Alberto Giacometti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss sculptor and painter known for his bronze sculptures of elongated figures (1901-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibbon", + "Edward Gibbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian best known for his history of the Roman Empire (1737-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibbs", + "Josiah Willard Gibbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist (1839-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibran", + "Kahlil Gibran" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Lebanon) (1883-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibson", + "Althea Gibson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who was the first Black woman player to win all the major world singles titles (1927-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibson", + "Mel Gibson", + "Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian actor (born in the United States in 1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gibson", + "C. D. Gibson", + "Charles Dana Gibson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States illustrator remembered for his creation of the `Gibson girl' (1867-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gide", + "Andre Gide", + "Andre Paul Guillaume Gide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French author and dramatist who is regarded as the father of modern French literature (1869-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gielgud", + "Sir John Gielgud", + "Arthur John Gielgud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor of Shakespearean roles who was also noted for appearances in films (1904-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert", + "Cass Gilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who influenced the development of the skyscraper (1859-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert", + "Humphrey Gilbert", + "Sir Humphrey Gilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English navigator who in 1583 established in Newfoundland the first English colony in North America (1539-1583)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert", + "William Gilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English court physician noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1540-1603)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilbert", + "William Gilbert", + "William S. Gilbert", + "William Schwenk Gilbert", + "Sir William Gilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a librettist who was a collaborator with Sir Arthur Sullivan in a famous series of comic operettas (1836-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilgamesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a legendary Sumerian king who was the hero of an epic collection of mythic stories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gillespie", + "Dizzy Gillespie", + "John Birks Gillespie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz trumpeter and exponent of bebop (1917-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gillette", + "King Camp Gilette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor and manufacturer who developed the safety razor (1855-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilman", + "Charlotte Anna Perkins Gilman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist (1860-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gilmer", + "Elizabeth Merriwether Gilmer", + "Dorothy Dix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist who wrote a syndicated column of advice to the lovelorn (1870-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ginsberg", + "Allen Ginsberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet of the beat generation (1926-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giotto", + "Giotto di Bondone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine painter who gave up the stiff Byzantine style and developed a more naturalistic style; considered the greatest Italian painter prior to the Renaissance (1267-1337)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Girard", + "Stephen Girard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier (born in France) who helped finance the War of 1812 (1750-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Giraudoux", + "Jean Giraudoux", + "Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist and dramatist whose plays were reinterpretations of Greek myths (1882-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gish", + "Lillian Gish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress who appeared in films by D. W. Griffith (1896-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gjellerup", + "Karl Gjellerup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish novelist (1857-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gladstone", + "William Gladstone", + "William Ewart Gladstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liberal British statesman who served as prime minister four times (1809-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glaser", + "Donald Glaser", + "Donald Arthur Glaser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who invented the bubble chamber to study subatomic particles (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glendower", + "Owen Glendower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh chieftain who led a revolt against Henry IV's rule in Wales (1359-1416)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glenn", + "John Glenn", + "John Herschel Glenn Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "made the first orbital rocket-powered flight by a United States astronaut in 1962; later in United States Senate (1921-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glinka", + "Mikhail Glinka", + "Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer (1804-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gluck", + "Christoph Willibald von Gluck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of more than 100 operas (1714-1787)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godard", + "Jean Luc Godard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French film maker influenced by surrealism; early work explored the documentary use of film; noted for innovative techniques (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goddard", + "Robert Hutchings Goddard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who developed the first successful liquid-fueled rocket (1882-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godel", + "Kurt Godel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician (born in Austria) who is remembered principally for demonstrating the limitations of axiomatic systems (1906-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godiva", + "Lady Godiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according to legend she rode naked through Coventry in order to persuade her husband not to tax the townspeople so heavily; the only person to look at her as she rode by was a man named Tom and Peeping Tom has become a synonym for voyeur (circa 1040-1080)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Godunov", + "Boris Godunov", + "Boris Fyodorovich Godunov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "czar of Russia (1551-1605)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goebbels", + "Joseph Goebbels", + "Paul Joseph Goebbels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German propaganda minister in Nazi Germany who persecuted the Jews (1897-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goethals", + "George Washington Goethals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States army officer and engineer who supervised the construction of the Panama Canal (1858-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goethe", + "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German poet and novelist and dramatist who lived in Weimar (1749-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gogol", + "Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian writer who introduced realism to Russian literature (1809-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldberg", + "Rube Goldberg", + "Reuben Lucius Goldberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cartoonist who drew intricate diagrams of very complicated and impractical contraptions that accomplished little or nothing (1883-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golding", + "William Golding", + "Sir William Gerald Golding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist (1911-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldman", + "Emma Goldman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anarchist (born in Russia) who opposed conscription; was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919 (1869-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldmark", + "Peter Goldmark", + "Peter Carl Goldmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor (born in Hungary) who made the first TV broadcast in 1940 and invented the long-playing record in 1948 and pioneered videocassette recording (1906-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldoni", + "Carlo Goldoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific Italian dramatist (1707-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldsmith", + "Oliver Goldsmith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer of novels and poetry and plays and essays (1728-1774)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goldwyn", + "Sam Goldwyn", + "Samuel Goldwyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker (born in Poland) who founded his own film company and later merged with Louis B. Mayer (1882-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Golgi", + "Camillo Golgi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian histologist noted for work on the structure of the nervous system and for his discovery of Golgi bodies (1844-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goliath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a giant Philistine warrior who was slain by David with a slingshot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gombrowicz", + "Witold Gombrowicz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish author (1904-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gompers", + "Samuel Gompers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924 (1850-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goncourt", + "Edmond de Goncourt", + "Edmond Louis Antoine Huot de Goncourt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who collaborated with his brother Jules de Goncourt on many books and who in his will established the Prix Goncourt (1822-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goncourt", + "Jules de Goncourt", + "Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who collaborated with his brother Edmond de Goncourt on many books (1830-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gongora", + "Luis de Gongora y Argote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish poet whose work was characterized by an affected elegance of style (1561-1627)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gonne", + "Maud Gonne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish patriot and a founder of the Sinn Fein (1865-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodall", + "Jane Goodall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English zoologist noted for her studies of chimpanzees in the wild (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodman", + "Benny Goodman", + "Benjamin David Goodman", + "King of Swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States clarinetist who in 1934 formed a big band (including black as well as white musicians) and introduced a kind of jazz known as swing (1909-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goodyear", + "Charles Goodyear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of vulcanized rubber (1800-1860)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorbachev", + "Mikhail Gorbachev", + "Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gordimer", + "Nadine Gordimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African novelist and short-story writer whose work describes the effects of apartheid (born in 1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gordius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legendary king of ancient Phrygia who was said to be responsible for the Gordian knot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gore", + "Al Gore", + "Albert Gore Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorgas", + "William Crawford Gorgas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Army surgeon who suppressed yellow fever in Havana and in the Panama Canal Zone (1854-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goring", + "Goering", + "Hermann Goring", + "Hermann Goering", + "Hermann Wilhelm Goring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German politician in Nazi Germany who founded the Gestapo and mobilized Germany for war (1893-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gorky", + "Maksim Gorky", + "Gorki", + "Maxim Gorki", + "Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov", + "Aleksey Maximovich Peshkov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian writer of plays and novels and short stories; noted for his depiction of social outcasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goudy", + "Frederic Goudy", + "Frederic William Goudy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States printer noted for designing typefaces (1865-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gould", + "Jay Gould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier who gained control of the Erie Canal and who caused a financial panic in 1869 when he attempted to corner the gold market (1836-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gould", + "Stephen Jay Gould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States paleontologist and popularizer of science (1941-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gounod", + "Charles Francois Gounod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer best remembered for his operas (1818-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Goya", + "Goya y Lucientes", + "Francisco Goya", + "Francisco de Goya", + "Francisco Jose de Goya", + "Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish painter well known for his portraits and for his satires (1746-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graf", + "Steffi Graf", + "Stephanie Graf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German tennis player who won seven women's singles titles at Wimbledon (born in 1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graham", + "Martha Graham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer whose work was noted for its austerity and technical rigor (1893-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graham", + "Billy Graham", + "William Franklin Graham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States evangelical preacher famous as a mass evangelist (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grahame", + "Kenneth Grahame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (born in Scotland) of children's stories (1859-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grainger", + "Percy Grainger", + "Percy Aldridge Grainger", + "George Percy Aldridge Grainger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Australia) who lived in London and collected English folk songs (1882-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gram", + "Hans C. J. Gram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish physician and bacteriologist who developed a method of staining bacteria to distinguish among them (1853-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grant", + "Ulysses Grant", + "Ulysses S. Grant", + "Ulysses Simpson Grant", + "Hiram Ulysses Grant", + "President Grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "18th President of the United States; commander of the Union armies in the American Civil War (1822-1885)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grant", + "Cary Grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor (born in England) who was the elegant leading man in many films (1904-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grant", + "Duncan Grant", + "Duncan James Corrow Grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish painter; cousin of Lytton Strachey and member of the Bloomsbury Group (1885-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Granville-Barker", + "Harley Granville-Barker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor and dramatist and critic and director noted for his productions of Shakespearean plays (1877-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grappelli", + "Stephane Grappelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French jazz violinist (1908-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grass", + "Gunter Grass", + "Gunter Wilhelm Grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German writer of novels and poetry and plays (born 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Graves", + "Robert Graves", + "Robert Ranke Graves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gray", + "Asa Gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States botanist who specialized in North American flora and who was an early supporter of Darwin's theories of evolution (1810-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gray", + "Robert Gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American navigator who twice circumnavigated the globe and who discovered the Columbia River (1755-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gray", + "Thomas Gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet best known for his elegy written in a country churchyard (1716-1771)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gray", + "Louis Harold Gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English radiobiologist in whose honor the gray (the SI unit of energy for the absorbed dose of radiation) was named (1905-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greeley", + "Horace Greeley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist with political ambitions (1811-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Green", + "William Green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952 and who led the struggle with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1873-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greenberg", + "Joseph Greenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States linguist who studied the historical relations among 5,000 languages (1916-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Greene", + "Graham Greene", + "Henry Graham Greene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist and Catholic (1904-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory I", + "Saint Gregory I", + "St. Gregory I", + "Gregory the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory VII", + "Hildebrand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Roman Catholic Church and the supremacy of the church over the state (1020-1085)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory XII", + "Angelo Correr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Italian pope from 1406 to 1415 who worked to end the Great Schism and who retired to make it possible (1327-1417)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory XIII", + "Ugo Buoncompagni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory XVI", + "Bartolomeo Alberto Capillari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1831 to 1846; conservative in politics and theology; worked to propagate Catholicism in England and the United States (1765-1846)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gregory", + "Gregory Nazianzen", + "Gregory of Nazianzen", + "St. Gregory of Nazianzen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gresham", + "Sir Thomas Gresham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English financier (1519-1579)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gretzky", + "Wayne Gretzky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high-scoring Canadian ice-hockey player (born in 1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grey", + "Charles Grey", + "Second Earl Grey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman who as Prime Minister implemented social reforms including the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire (1764-1845)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grey", + "Lady Jane Grey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England for nine days in 1553; she was quickly replaced by Mary Tudor and beheaded for treason (1537-1554)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grey", + "Zane Grey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of western adventure novels (1875-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grieg", + "Edvard Grieg", + "Edvard Hagerup Grieg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian composer whose work was often inspired by Norwegian folk music (1843-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Griffith", + "D. W. Griffith", + "David Lewelyn Wark Griffith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grimm", + "Jakob Grimm", + "Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the older of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories; also author of Grimm's law describing consonant changes in Germanic languages (1785-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grimm", + "Wilhelm Grimm", + "Wilhelm Karl Grimm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the younger of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories (1786-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gris", + "Jaun Gris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish cubist painter (1887-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gromyko", + "Andrei Gromyko", + "Andrei Andreyevich Gromyko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet ambassador to the United States and to the United Nations (1909-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gropius", + "Walter Gropius" + ], + "it": [ + "Walter Gropius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in Germany) and founder of the Bauhaus school (1883-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Grotius", + "Hugo Grotius", + "Huig de Groot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch jurist and diplomat whose writings established the basis of modern international law (1583-1645)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Groves", + "Leslie Richard Groves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who served as military director of the atomic bomb project (1896-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guarneri", + "Guarnieri", + "Guarnerius", + "Andrea Guarneri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "founder of a family of Italian violin makers (1626?-1698)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guarneri", + "Guarnieri", + "Guarnerius", + "Guiseppe Guarneri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian violin maker and grandson of Andrea Guarneri (1687?-1745)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guevara", + "Ernesto Guevara", + "Che Guevara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Argentine revolutionary leader who was Fidel Castro's chief lieutenant in the Cuban revolution; active in other Latin American countries; was captured and executed by the Bolivian army (1928-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinevere", + "Guenevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) wife of King Arthur; in some versions of the legend she became Lancelot's lover and that led to the end of the Knights of the Round Table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guest", + "Edgar Guest", + "Edgar Albert Guest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist (born in England) noted for his syndicated homey verse (1881-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guggenheim", + "Meyer Guggenheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist (born in Switzerland) who with his sons established vast mining and metal processing companies (1828-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guggenheim", + "Solomon Guggenheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States philanthropist; son of Meyer Guggenheim who created several foundations to support the arts (1861-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinness", + "Alec Guinness", + "Sir Alec Guinness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English stage and screen actor noted for versatility (1914-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden who established Lutheranism as the state religion (1496-1560)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus II", + "Gustavus Adolphus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden whose victories in battle made Sweden a European power; his domestic reforms made Sweden a modern state; in 1630 he intervened on the Protestant side of the Thirty Years' War and was killed in the battle of Lutzen (1594-1632)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden who increased the royal power and waged an unpopular war against Russia (1746-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden whose losses to Napoleon I led to his being deposed in 1809 (1778-1837)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sweden who kept Sweden neutral during both World War I and II (1858-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gustavus", + "Gustavus VI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last king of Sweden to have any real political power (1882-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gutenberg", + "Johann Gutenberg", + "Johannes Gutenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guthrie", + "Woody Guthrie", + "Woodrow Wilson Guthrie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States folk singer and songwriter (1912-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gwynn", + "Gywn", + "Gynne", + "Nell Gwynn", + "Nell Gywn", + "Nell Gwynne", + "Eleanor Gwynn", + "Eleanor Gwyn", + "Eleanor Gwynne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English comedienne and mistress of Charles II (1650-1687)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Habakkuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haber", + "Fritz Haber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist noted for the synthetic production of ammonia from the nitrogen in air (1868-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hadrian", + "Publius Aelius Hadrianus", + "Adrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor who was the adoptive son of Trajan; travelled throughout his empire to strengthen its frontiers and encourage learning and architecture; on a visit to Britain in 122 he ordered the construction of Hadrian's Wall (76-138)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haeckel", + "Ernst Heinrich Haeckel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German biologist and philosopher; advocated Darwinism and formulated the theory of recapitulation; was an exponent of materialistic monism (1834-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haggai", + "Aggeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haggard", + "Rider Haggard", + "Sir Henry Rider Haggard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer noted for romantic adventure novels (1856-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hahn", + "Otto Hahn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who was co-discoverer with Lise Meitner of nuclear fission (1879-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haile Selassie", + "Ras Tafari Makonnen", + "Ras Tafari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emperor of Ethiopia; worshipped by Rastafarians (1892-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haldane", + "Richard Haldane", + "Richard Burdon Haldane", + "First Viscount Haldane of Cloan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish statesman and brother of Elizabeth and John Haldane (1856-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haldane", + "Elizabeth Haldane", + "Elizabeth Sanderson Haldane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish writer and sister of Richard Haldane and John Haldane (1862-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haldane", + "John Haldane", + "John Scott Haldane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish physiologist and brother of Richard Haldane and Elizabeth Haldane; noted for research into industrial diseases (1860-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haldane", + "J. B. S. Haldane", + "John Burdon Sanderson Haldane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish geneticist (son of John Haldane) who contributed to the development of population genetics; a popularizer of science and a Marxist (1892-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hale", + "Edward Everett Hale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific United States writer (1822-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hale", + "George Ellery Hale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who discovered that sunspots are associated with strong magnetic fields (1868-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hale", + "Nathan Hale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a soldier of the American Revolution who was hanged as a spy by the British; his last words were supposed to have been `I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country' (1755-1776)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halevy", + "Fromental Halevy", + "Jacques Francois Fromental Elie Halevy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French operatic composer (1799-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haley", + "Alex Haley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and Afro-American who wrote a fictionalized account of tracing his family roots back to Africa (1921-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haley", + "Bill Haley", + "William John Clifton Haley Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock singer who was one of the first to popularize rock'n'roll music (1925-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall", + "Asaph Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who discovered Phobos and Deimos (the two satellites of Mars) (1829-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall", + "Charles Francis Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer who led three expeditions to the Arctic (1821-1871)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall", + "Charles Martin Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who developed an economical method of producing aluminum from bauxite (1863-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall", + "G. Stanley Hall", + "Granville Stanley Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States child psychologist whose theories of child psychology strongly influenced educational psychology (1844-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hall", + "Radclyffe Hall", + "Marguerite Radclyffe Hall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer whose novel about a lesbian relationship was banned in Britain for many years (1883-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halley", + "Edmond Halley", + "Edmund Halley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer who used Newton's laws of motion to predict the period of a comet (1656-1742)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hals", + "Frans Hals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch portrait and genre painter who endowed his portraits with vitality and humor (1580?-1666)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton", + "Alexander Hamilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States statesman and leader of the Federalists; as the first Secretary of the Treasury he establish a federal bank; was mortally wounded in a duel with Aaron Burr (1755-1804)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton", + "Alice Hamilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States toxicologist known for her work on industrial poisons (1869-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton", + "Lady Emma Hamilton", + "Amy Lyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English beauty who was the mistress of Admiral Nelson (1765-1815)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamilton", + "William Rowan Hamilton", + "Sir William Rowan Hamilton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish mathematician (1806-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hammarskjold", + "Dag Hammarskjold", + "Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish diplomat who greatly extended the influence of the United Nations in peacekeeping matters (1905-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hammerstein", + "Oscar Hammerstein", + "Oscar Hammerstein II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lyricist who collaborated on many musical comedies (most successfully with Richard Rodgers) (1895-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hammett", + "Dashiell Hammett", + "Samuel Dashiell Hammett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of hard-boiled detective fiction (1894-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hammurabi", + "Hammurapi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia (died 1750 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hampton", + "Lionel Hampton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States musician who was the first to use the vibraphone as a jazz instrument (1913-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hamsun", + "Knut Hamsun", + "Knut Pedersen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian writer of novels (1859-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hancock", + "John Hancock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American revolutionary patriot who was president of the Continental Congress; was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Handel", + "George Frideric Handel", + "George Frederick Handel", + "Georg Friedrich Handel" + ], + "it": [ + "Handel", + "Georg Friedrich Handel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a prolific British baroque composer (born in Germany) remembered best for his oratorio Messiah (1685-1759)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Handy", + "W. C. Handy", + "William Christopher Handy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States blues musician who transcribed and published traditional blues music (1873-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hanks", + "Tom Hanks", + "Thomas J. Hanks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in 1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hannibal" + ], + "it": [ + "Annibale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general who commanded the Carthaginian army in the second Punic War; crossed the Alps and defeated the Romans but was recalled to defend Carthage and was defeated (247-182 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harding", + "Warren Harding", + "Warren Gamaliel Harding", + "President Harding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "29th President of the United States; two of his appointees were involved in the Teapot Dome scandal (1865-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hardy", + "Thomas Hardy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist and poet (1840-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hardy", + "Oliver Hardy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States slapstick comedian who played the pompous and overbearing member of the Laurel and Hardy duo who made many films (1892-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hargreaves", + "James Hargreaves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English inventor of the spinning jenny (1720-1778)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harlow", + "Jean Harlow", + "Harlean Carpenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress who made several films with Clark Gable (1911-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harmsworth", + "Alfred Charles William Harmsworth", + "Viscount Northcliffe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British newspaper publisher (1865-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harold I", + "King Harold I", + "Harold Harefoot", + "Harefoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illegitimate son of Canute who seized the throne of England in 1037 (died in 1040)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harold II", + "King Harold II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England who succeeded Edward the Confessor in 1066 and was the last of the Anglo-Saxon monarchs; he was killed fighting the invasion by William the Conqueror (1045-1066)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harriman", + "E. H. Harriman", + "Edward Henry Harriman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railway tycoon (1848-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harriman", + "Averell Harriman", + "William Averell Harriman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier who negotiated a treaty with the Soviet Union banning tests of nuclear weapons (1891-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Benjamin Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publisher of the first newspaper printed in America (1673-1713)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Bomber Harris", + "Sir Arthur Travers Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British marshal of the Royal Air Force; during World War II he directed mass bombing raids against German cities that resulted in heavy civilian casualties (1892-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Frank Harris", + "James Thomas Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer noted for his sexually explicit but unreliable autobiography (1856-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Townsend Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat who was instrumental in opening Japan to foreign trade (1804-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Zellig Harris", + "Zellig Sabbatai Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States linguist (born in Ukraine) who developed mathematical linguistics and interpreted speech and writing in a social context (1909-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harris", + "Joel Harris", + "Joel Chandler Harris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author who wrote the stories about Uncle Remus (1848-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrison", + "William Henry Harrison", + "President Harrison", + "President William Henry Harrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "9th President of the United States; caught pneumonia during his inauguration and died shortly after (1773-1841)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrison", + "Benjamin Harrison", + "President Harrison", + "President Benjamin Harrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "23rd President of the United States (1833-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrison", + "George Harrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English rock star; lead guitarist of the Beatles (1943-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrison", + "Rex Harrison", + "Sir Rex Harrison", + "Reginald Carey Harrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor on stage and in films (1908-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrod", + "Charles Henry Harrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English merchant who took over a shop in London that was expanded by his son into a prestigious department store (1800-1885)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrod", + "Charles Digby Harrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English merchant who expanded his father's shop in London into a prestigious department store (1841-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hart", + "Lorenz Hart", + "Lorenz Milton Hart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lyricist who collaborated with Richard Rodgers (1895-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hart", + "Moss Hart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright who collaborated with George S. Kaufman (1904-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harte", + "Bret Harte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hartley", + "David Hartley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher who introduced the theory of the association of ideas (1705-1757)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harvard", + "John Harvard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American philanthropist who left his library and half his estate to the Massachusetts college that now bears his name (1607-1638)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harvey", + "William Harvey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hasdrubal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general who commanded a Carthaginian army in Spain; joined his brother Hannibal in Italy and was killed by the Romans at the battle of Metaurus River (died 207 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hasek", + "Jaroslav Hasek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech author of novels and short stories (1883-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hassam", + "Childe Hassam", + "Frederick Childe Hassam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter noted for brilliant colors and bold brushwork (1859-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hassel", + "Odd Hassel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian chemist noted for his research on organic molecules (1897-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hastings", + "Thomas Hastings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hathaway", + "Anne Hathaway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of William Shakespeare (1556-1623)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Havel", + "Vaclav Havel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1992 and president of the Czech Republic since 1993 (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawking", + "Stephen Hawking", + "Stephen William Hawking" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English theoretical physicist (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawkins", + "Coleman Hawkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz saxophonist (1904-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawkins", + "Hawkyns", + "Sir John Hawkins", + "Sir John Hawkyns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haworth", + "Sir Walter Norman Haworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist who was a pioneer in research on carbohydrates; when he synthesized vitamin C he became the first person to synthesize a vitamin artificially (1883-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hawthorne", + "Nathaniel Hawthorne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of novels and short stories mostly on moral themes (1804-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haydn", + "Joseph Haydn", + "Franz Joseph Haydn" + ], + "it": [ + "Haydn", + "Franz Joseph Haydn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific Austrian composer who influenced the classical form of the symphony (1732-1809)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hayek", + "Friedrich August von Hayek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist (born in Austria) noted for work on the optimum allocation of resources (1899-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hayes", + "Rutherford B. Hayes", + "Rutherford Birchard Hayes", + "President Hayes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "19th President of the United States; his administration removed federal troops from the South and so ended the Reconstruction Period (1822-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hayes", + "Helen Hayes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acclaimed actress of stage and screen (1900-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hays", + "Arthur Garfield Hays" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hays", + "Will Hays", + "William Harrison Hays" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United States films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Haywood", + "Big Bill Haywood", + "William Dudley Haywood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hazlitt", + "William Hazlitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English essayist and literary critic (1778-1830)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hearst", + "William Randolph Hearst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism (1863-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heaviside", + "Oliver Heaviside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist and electrical engineer who helped develop telegraphic and telephonic communications; in 1902 (independent of A. E. Kennelly) he suggested the existence of an atmospheric layer that reflects radio waves back to earth (1850-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hebbel", + "Friedrich Hebbel", + "Christian Friedrich Hebbel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German dramatist (1813-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hecht", + "Ben Hecht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of stories and plays (1894-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hegel", + "Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heidegger", + "Martin Heidegger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher whose views on human existence in a world of objects and on Angst influenced the existential philosophers (1889-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heinlein", + "Robert A. Heinlein", + "Robert Anson Heinlein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of science fiction (1907-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heinz", + "Henry John Heinz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who manufactured and sold processed foods (1844-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heisenberg", + "Werner Karl Heisenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematical physicist noted for stating the uncertainty principle (1901-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heller", + "Joseph Heller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist whose best known work was a black comedy inspired by his experiences in the Air Force during World War II (1923-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hellman", + "Lillian Hellman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright; her plays were often indictments of injustice (1905-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helmholtz", + "Hermann von Helmholtz", + "Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz", + "Baron Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physiologist and physicist (1821-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heloise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "student and mistress and wife of Abelard (circa 1098-1164)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heming", + "Hemminge", + "John Heming", + "John Hemminge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor who edited the first folio of Shakespeare's plays (1556-1630)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hemingway", + "Ernest Hemingway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American writer of fiction who won the Nobel prize for literature in 1954 (1899-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hendrix", + "Jimi Hendrix", + "James Marshall Hendrix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States guitarist whose innovative style with electric guitars influenced the development of rock music (1942-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry", + "Joseph Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who studied electromagnetic phenomena (1791-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry", + "Patrick Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry", + "William Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist who studied the quantities of gas absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures (1775-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry I", + "Henry Beauclerc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1100 to 1135; youngest son of William the Conqueror; conquered Normandy in 1106 (1068-1135)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first Plantagenet King of England; instituted judicial and financial reforms; quarreled with archbishop Becket concerning the authority of the Crown over the church (1133-1189)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France from 1547 to 1559; regained Calais from the English; husband of Catherine de Medicis and father of Charles IX (1519-1559)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of King John and king of England from 1216 to 1272; his incompetence aroused baronial opposition led by Simon de Montfort (1207-1272)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry II of France and the last Valois to be king of France (1551-1589)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry IV", + "Bolingbroke", + "Henry Bolingbroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1050-1106)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry IV", + "Henry of Navarre", + "Henry the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry IV and King of England from 1413 to 1422; reopened the Hundred Years' War and defeated the French at Agincourt (1387-1422)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry VI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry V who as an infant succeeded his father and was King of England from 1422 to 1461; he was taken prisoner in 1460 and Edward IV was proclaimed king; he was rescued and regained the throne in 1470 but was recaptured and murdered in the Tower of London (1421-1471)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry VII", + "Henry Tudor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509; head of the house of Lancaster in the War of the Roses; defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field and was proclaimed king; married the daughter of Edward IV and so united the houses of York and Lancaster (1457-1509)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry VII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1275-1313)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henry VIII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and his excommunication 1538, leading to the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Henson", + "Jim Henson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States puppeteer who created a troupe of puppet characters (1936-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hepburn", + "Katharine Hepburn", + "Katharine Houghton Hepburn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hepworth", + "Barbara Hepworth", + "Dame Barbara Hepworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British sculptor (1902-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heraclitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (circa 500 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herbart", + "Johann Friedrich Herbart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher (1776-1841)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herbert", + "Victor Herbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herder", + "Johann Gottfried von Herder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher who advocated intuition over reason (1744-1803)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herman", + "Woody Herman", + "Woodrow Charles Herman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hero", + "Heron", + "Hero of Alexandria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herod", + "Herod the Great" + ], + "it": [ + "Erode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Judea who (according to the New Testament) tried to kill Jesus by ordering the death of all children under age two in Bethlehem (73-4 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herodotus" + ], + "it": [ + "Erodoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient Greek known as the father of history; his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (485-425 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herrick", + "Robert Herrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lyric poet (1591-1674)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herschel", + "William Herschel", + "Sir William Herschel", + "Sir Frederick William Herschel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herschel", + "John Herschel", + "Sir John Herschel", + "Sir John Frederick William Herschel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792-1871)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hershey", + "Milton Snavely Hershey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States confectioner and philanthropist who created the model industrial town of Hershey, Pennsylvania; founded an industrial school for orphan boys (1857-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hertz", + "Gustav Hertz", + "Gustav Ludwig Hertz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who with James Franck proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Bohr (1887-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hertz", + "Heinrich Hertz", + "Heinrich Rudolph Hertz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who was the first to produce electromagnetic waves artificially (1857-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Herzberg", + "Gerhard Herzberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian physicist (born in Germany) noted for contributions to understanding the structure of molecules (born in 1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hesiod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hess", + "Victor Hess", + "Victor Franz Hess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Austria) who was a discoverer of cosmic radiation (1883-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hess", + "Rudolf Hess", + "Walther Richard Rudolf Hess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Nazi leader who in 1941 flew a solo flight to Scotland in an apparent attempt to negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain but was imprisoned for life (1894-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hess", + "Walter Hess", + "Walter Rudolf Hess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss physiologist noted for studies of the brain (1881-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hess", + "Dame Myra Hess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English pianist (1890-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hesse", + "Hermann Hesse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss writer (born in Germany) whose novels and poems express his interests in eastern spiritual values (1877-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hevesy", + "George Charles Hevesy de Hevesy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian chemist who studied radioisotopes and was one of the discoverers of the element hafnium (1885-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heyerdahl", + "Thor Hyerdahl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian anthropologist noted for his studies of cultural diffusion (1914-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heyrovsky", + "Joroslav Heyrovsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czechoslovakian chemist who developed polarography (1890-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heyse", + "Paul Heyse", + "Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German writer (1830-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Heyward", + "DuBois Heyward", + "Edwin DuBois Hayward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1885-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hezekiah", + "Ezekias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) king of Judah who abolished idolatry (715-687 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hiawatha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Native American chieftain who argued for peace with the European settlers (16th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hickock", + "Wild Bill Hickock", + "James Butler Hickock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frontier marshal whose adventures have become legendary (1837-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Higginson", + "Thomas Higginson", + "Thomas Wentworth Storrow Higginson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and soldier who led the first Black regiment in the Union Army (1823-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hilbert", + "David Hilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician (1862-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hill", + "Benny Hill", + "Alfred Hawthorne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "risque English comedian (1925-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hill", + "J. J. Hill", + "James Jerome Hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railroad tycoon (1838-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hillary", + "Edmund Hillary", + "Sir Edmund Hillary", + "Sir Edmund Percival Hillary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand mountaineer who in 1953 first attained the summit of Mount Everest with his Sherpa guide Tenzing Norgay (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hillel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Palestinian rabbi and interpreter of Judaic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Himmler", + "Heinrich Himmler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German Nazi who was chief of the SS and the Gestapo and who oversaw the genocide of six million Jews (1900-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hinault", + "Bernard Hinault" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French racing cyclist who won the Tour de France five times (born in 1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindemith", + "Paul Hindemith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German neoclassical composer and conductor who believed that music should have a social purpose (1895-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hindenburg", + "Paul von Hindenburg", + "Paul Ludwig von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German field marshal and statesman; as president of the Weimar Republic he reluctantly appointed Hitler as chancellor in 1933 (1847-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hipparchus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek astronomer and mathematician who discovered the precession of the equinoxes and made the first known star chart and is said to have invented trigonometry (second century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hippocrates" + ], + "it": [ + "Ippocrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine; author of the Hippocratic oath (circa 460-377 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirohito", + "Michinomiya Hirohito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emperor of Japan who renounced his divinity and became a constitutional monarch after Japan surrendered at the end of World War II (1901-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirschfeld", + "Al Hirschfeld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist noted for his line-drawn caricatures (1904-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hirschsprung", + "Harold Hirschsprung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish pediatrician (1830-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hitchcock", + "Alfred Hitchcock", + "Sir Alfred Hitchcock", + "Alfred Joseph Hitchcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English film director noted for his skill in creating suspense (1899-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hitchings", + "George Herbert Hitchings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist noted for developing drugs to treat leukemia and gout (1905-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hitler", + "Adolf Hitler", + "Der Fuhrer" + ], + "it": [ + "Hitler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoagland", + "Hudson Hoagland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physiologist (1899-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hobbes", + "Thomas Hobbes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hobbs", + "Sir Jack Hobbs", + "John Berry Hobbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notable English cricketer (1882-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ho Chi Minh", + "Nguyen Tat Thanh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hodgkin", + "Alan Hodgkin", + "Sir Alan Hodgkin", + "Alan Lloyd Hodgkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hodgkin", + "Dorothy Hodgkin", + "Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hodgkin", + "Thomas Hodgkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffa", + "Jimmy Hoffa", + "James Riddle Hoffa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who was president of the Teamsters Union; he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffman", + "Dustin Hoffman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "versatile United States film actor (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffman", + "Malvina Hoffman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (1887-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffmann", + "E. T. A. Hoffmann", + "Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann", + "Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German writer of fantastic tales (1776-1822)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffmann", + "Roald Hoffmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist (born in Poland) who used quantum mechanics to understand chemical reactions (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffmann", + "August Wilhelm von Hoffmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist (1818-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffmann", + "Josef Hoffmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian architect known for his use of rectilinear units (1870-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoffmannsthal", + "Hugo von Hoffmannsthal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German poet who wrote libretti for operas by Richard Strauss (1874-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hogan", + "Ben Hogan", + "William Benjamin Hogan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer who won many major golf tournaments (1912-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hogarth", + "William Hogarth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English artist noted for a series of engravings that satirized the affectations of his time (1697-1764)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hogg", + "James Hogg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish writer of rustic verse (1770-1835)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hokusai", + "Katsushika Hokusai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1760-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holbein", + "Hans Holbein", + "Holbein the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German painter of religious works (1465-1524)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holbein", + "Hans Holbein", + "Holbein the Younger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German painter and engraver noted for his portraits; he was commissioned by Henry VIII to provide portraits of the English king's prospective brides (1497-1543)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hollerith", + "Herman Hollerith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who invented a system for recording alphanumeric information on punched cards (1860-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holly", + "Buddy Holly", + "Charles Hardin Holley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock star (1936-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holmes", + "Arthur Holmes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English geologist and supporter of the theory of continental drift (1890-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holmes", + "Oliver Wendell Holmes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of humorous essays (1809-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holmes", + "Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist noted for his liberal opinions (1841-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holofernes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Apocrypha) the Assyrian general who was decapitated by the biblical heroine Judith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homer" + ], + "it": [ + "Omero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Homer", + "Winslow Homer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter best known for his seascapes (1836-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Honegger", + "Arthur Honegger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss composer (born in France) who was the founding member of a group in Paris that included Erik Satie and Darius Milhaud and Francis Poulenc and Jean Cocteau (1892-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooke", + "Robert Hooke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English scientist who formulated the law of elasticity and proposed a wave theory of light and formulated a theory of planetary motion and proposed the inverse square law of gravitational attraction and discovered the cellular structure of cork and introduced the term `cell' into biology and invented a balance spring for watches (1635-1703)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooker", + "Richard Hooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English theologian (1554-1600)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hooker", + "Joseph Hooker", + "Fighting Joe Hooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoover", + "Herbert Hoover", + "Herbert Clark Hoover", + "President Hoover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoover", + "J. Edgar Hoover", + "John Edgar Hoover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoover", + "William Hoover", + "William Henry Hoover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who manufactured vacuum cleaners (1849-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hope", + "Bob Hope", + "Leslie Townes Hope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian (born in England) who appeared in films with Bing Crosby (1903-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkins", + "Anthony Hopkins", + "Sir Anthony Hopkins", + "Sir Anthony Philip Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh film actor (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkins", + "Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist who did pioneering work that led to the discovery of vitamins (1861-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkins", + "Gerard Manley Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1844-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkins", + "Johns Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier and philanthropist who left money to found the university and hospital that bear his name in Baltimore (1795-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkins", + "Mark Hopkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator and theologian (1802-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hopkinson", + "Francis Hopkinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and patriot; a signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1791)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman lyric poet said to have influenced English poetry (65-8 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horne", + "Lena Horne", + "Lena Calhoun Horne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and actress (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horne", + "Marilyn Horne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic mezzo-soprano (born 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horney", + "Karen Horney", + "Karen Danielsen Horney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychiatrist (1885-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horowitz", + "Vladimir Horowitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Horta", + "Victor Horta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian architect and leader in art nouveau architecture (1861-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor Hebrew prophet (8th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houdini", + "Harry Houdini", + "Erik Weisz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States magician (born in Hungary) famous for his ability to escape from chains or handcuffs or straitjackets or padlocked containers (1874-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houghton", + "Henry Oscar Houghton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States publisher who founded a printing shop that became an important book publisher (1823-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Housman", + "A. E. Housman", + "Alfred Edward Housman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1859-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Houston", + "Sam Houston", + "Samuel Houston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howard", + "Catherine Howard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England as the fifth wife of Henry VIII who was accused of adultery and executed (1520-1542)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howard", + "Leslie Howard", + "Leslie Howard Stainer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor of stage and screen (1893-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howe", + "Elias Howe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who built early sewing machines and won suits for patent infringement against other manufacturers (including Isaac M. Singer) (1819-1867)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howe", + "Julia Ward Howe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist who was active in the women's suffrage movement (1819-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howe", + "Gordie Howe", + "Gordon Howe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian hockey player who holds the record for playing the most games (born 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howe", + "Irving Howe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States editor (1920-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Howells", + "William Dean Howells" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and editor (1837-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoyle", + "Edmond Hoyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer on card games (1672-1769)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hoyle", + "Fred Hoyle", + "Sir Fred Hoyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English astrophysicist and advocate of the steady state theory of cosmology; described processes of nucleosynthesis inside stars (1915-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubbard", + "L. Ron Hubbard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States writer of science fiction and founder of Scientology (1911-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubble", + "Edwin Hubble", + "Edwin Powell Hubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who discovered that (as the universe expands) the speed with which nebulae recede increases with their distance from the observer (1889-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hubel", + "David Hubel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States neuroscientist noted for his studies of the neural basis of vision (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson", + "Henry Hudson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English navigator who discovered the Hudson River; in 1610 he attempted to winter in Hudson Bay but his crew mutinied and set him adrift to die (1565-1611)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hudson", + "W. H. Hudson", + "William Henry Hudson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English naturalist (born in Argentina) (1841-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huggins", + "Sir William Huggins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer who pioneered spectroscopic analysis in astronomy and who discovered the red shift (1824-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hughes", + "Charles Evans Hughes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1862-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hughes", + "Howard Hughes", + "Howard Robard Hughes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who was an aviator and a film producer; during the last years of his life he was a total recluse (1905-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hughes", + "Langston Hughes", + "James Langston Hughes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1902-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hughes", + "Ted Hughes", + "Edward James Hughes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hugo", + "Victor Hugo", + "Victor-Marie Hugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hull", + "Cordell Hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat who did the groundwork for creating the United Nations (1871-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hull", + "Isaac Hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naval officer who commanded the `Constitution' during the War of 1812 and won a series of brilliant victories against the British (1773-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humboldt", + "Baron Alexander von Humboldt", + "Baron Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German naturalist who explored Central and South America and provided a comprehensive description of the physical universe (1769-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humboldt", + "Baron Wilhelm von Humboldt", + "Baron Karl Wilhelm von Humboldt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philologist noted for his studies of the relation between language and culture (1767-1835)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hume", + "David Hume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish philosopher whose sceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Humperdinck", + "Engelbert Humperdinck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of six operas and other incidental music (1854-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunt", + "Leigh Hunt", + "James Henry Leigh Hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer who defended the Romanticism of Keats and Shelley (1784-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunt", + "Richard Morris Hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (1827-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunt", + "Holman Hunt", + "William Holman Hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Pre-Raphaelite painter (1827-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntington", + "Collis Potter Huntington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railroad executive who built the western section of the first United States transcontinental railroad (1821-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntington", + "Samuel Huntington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American revolutionary leader who signed the Declaration of Independence and was president of the Continental Congress (1731-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huntington", + "George Huntington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hurok", + "Sol Hurok", + "Solomon Hurok" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States impresario who was born in Russia (1888-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huss", + "John Huss", + "Hus", + "Jan Hus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czechoslovakian religious reformer who anticipated the Reformation; he questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy; he was burned at the stake (1372-1415)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hussein", + "Husain", + "Husayn", + "ibn Talal Hussein", + "King Hussein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hussein", + "Husain", + "Husayn", + "Saddam Hussein", + "Saddam", + "Saddam bin Hussein at-Takriti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Husserl", + "Edmund Husserl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher who developed phenomenology (1859-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huston", + "John Huston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker born in the United States but an Irish citizen after 1964 (1906-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hutchins", + "Robert Maynard Hutchins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who was president of the University of Chicago (1899-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hutchinson", + "Anne Hutchinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hutton", + "James Hutton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish geologist who described the processes that have shaped the surface of the earth (1726-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hutton", + "Sir Leonard Hutton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English cricketer (1916-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huxley", + "Thomas Huxley", + "Thomas Henry Huxley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biologist and a leading exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution (1825-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huxley", + "Aldous Huxley", + "Aldous Leonard Huxley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer; grandson of Thomas Huxley who is remembered mainly for his depiction of a scientifically controlled utopia (1894-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huxley", + "Andrew Huxley", + "Andrew Fielding Huxley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Huygens", + "Christiaan Huygens", + "Christian Huygens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physicist who first formulated the wave theory of light (1629-1695)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hypatia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher and astronomer; she invented the astrolabe (370-415)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ibert", + "Jacques Francois Antoine Ibert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer (1890-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ibsen", + "Henrik Ibsen", + "Henrik Johan Ibsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iglesias", + "Julio Iglesias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish singer noted for his ballads and love songs (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ignatius", + "Saint Ignatius", + "St. Ignatius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ignatius of Loyola", + "Saint Ignatius of Loyola", + "St. Ignatius of Loyola", + "Loyola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indiana", + "Robert Indiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pop artist (born 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inge", + "William Inge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1913-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Inge", + "William Ralph Inge", + "Gloomy Dean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English prelate noted for his pessimistic sermons and articles (1860-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ingres", + "Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French classical painter (1780-1867)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Innocent III", + "Lotario di Segni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1198 to 1216 who instituted the Fourth Crusade and under whom papal intervention in European politics reached its height (1161-1216)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Innocent VIII", + "Giovanni Battista Cibo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1484 to 1492 who was known as a nepotist and was attacked by Savonarola for his worldliness (1432-1492)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Innocent XI", + "Benedetto Odescalchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Innocent XII", + "Antonio Pignatelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1691 to 1700 who abolished nepotism within the church hierarchy and was universally loved for his charity and piety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ionesco", + "Eugene Ionesco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French dramatist (born in Romania) who was a leading exponent of the theater of the absurd (1912-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irenaeus", + "Saint Irenaeus", + "St. Irenaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irving", + "John Irving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of darkly humorous novels (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Irving", + "Washington Irving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isaac" + ], + "it": [ + "Isacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isabella", + "Queen Isabella", + "Isabella I", + "Isabella the Catholic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isaiah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the first of the major Hebrew prophets (8th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isherwood", + "Christopher Isherwood", + "Christopher William Bradshaw Isherwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in England) whose best known novels portray Berlin in the 1930's and who collaborated with W. H. Auden in writing plays in verse (1904-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ishmael" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the son of Abraham who was cast out after the birth of Isaac; considered the forebear of 12 Arabian tribes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isocrates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian rhetorician and orator (436-338 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Issachar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a son of Jacob and a forebear of one of the tribes of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivan III", + "Ivan III Vasilievich", + "Ivan the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivan IV", + "Ivan Iv Vasilievich", + "Ivan the Terrible" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first czar of Russia (1530-1584)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ivanov", + "Lev Ivanov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian choreographer (1834-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ives", + "James Ives", + "James Merritt Ives" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lithographer who (with his partner Nathaniel Currier) produced thousands of prints signed `Currier & Ives' (1824-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ives", + "Charles Edward Ives" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer noted for his innovative use of polytonality (1874-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Andrew Jackson", + "Old Hickory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency (1767-1845)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Thomas Jackson", + "Thomas J. Jackson", + "Thomas Jonathan Jackson", + "Stonewall Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Helen Hunt Jackson", + "Helen Maria Fiske Hunt Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of romantic novels about the unjust treatment of Native Americans (1830-1885)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Jesse Jackson", + "Jesse Louis Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Mahalia Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer who did much to popularize gospel music (1911-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Michael Jackson", + "Michael Joe Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer who began singing with his four brothers and later became a highly successful star during the 1980s (born in 1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jackson", + "Glenda Jackson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English film actress who later became a member of British Parliament (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jack the Ripper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unidentified English murderer in the 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacob", + "Francois Jacob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French biochemist who (with Jacques Monod) studied regulatory processes in cells (born in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobi", + "Karl Gustav Jacob Jacobi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician (1804-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobs", + "Aletta Jacobs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobs", + "Jane Jacobs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and critic of urban planning (born in 1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacobs", + "W. W. Jacobs", + "William Wymark Jacobs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of macabre short stories (1863-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jacquard", + "Joseph M. Jacquard", + "Joseph Marie Jacquard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaffar", + "Jafar", + "Jaffar Umar Thalib", + "Jafar Umar Thalib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian terrorist and Islamic militant who commands the Laskar Jihad; uses violence to achieve political ends (1965-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jagger", + "Mick Jagger", + "Michael Philip Jagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English rock star (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jakobson", + "Roman Jakobson", + "Roman Osipovich Jakobson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States linguist (born in Russia) noted for his description of the universals of phonology (1896-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "Saint James", + "St. James", + "Saint James the Apostle", + "St. James the Apostle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "Henry James" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "writer who was born in the United States but lived in England (1843-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "William James" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "Jesse James" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States outlaw who fought as a Confederate soldier and later led a band of outlaws that robbed trains and banks in the West until he was murdered by a member of his own gang (1847-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "James I", + "King James", + "King James I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "James II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Stuart to be king of England and Ireland and Scotland; overthrown in 1688 (1633-1701)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "James", + "James IV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jamison", + "Judith Jamison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jansen", + "Cornelis Jansen", + "Cornelius Jansenius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian (1585-1638)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jarrell", + "Randall Jarrell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1914-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jaspers", + "Karl Jaspers", + "Karl Theodor Jaspers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German psychiatrist (1883-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jay", + "John Jay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeanne d'Arc", + "Joan of Arc", + "Saint Joan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeffers", + "Robinson Jeffers", + "John Robinson Jeffers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet who wrote about California (1887-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jefferson", + "Thomas Jefferson", + "President Jefferson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jenner", + "Edward Jenner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jenny", + "William Le Baron Jenny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jensen", + "Johannes Vilhelm Jensen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modernistic Danish writer (1873-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeroboam", + "Jeroboam I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) first king of the northern kingdom of Israel who led Israel into sin (10th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeremiah" + ], + "it": [ + "Geremia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) an Israelite prophet who is remembered for his angry lamentations (jeremiads) about the wickedness of his people (circa 626-587 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerome", + "Saint Jerome", + "St. Jerome", + "Hieronymus", + "Eusebius Hieronymus", + "Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jespersen", + "Otto Jespersen", + "Jens Otto Harry Jespersen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish linguist (1860-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jesus", + "Jesus of Nazareth", + "the Nazarene", + "Jesus Christ", + "Christ", + "Savior", + "Saviour", + "Good Shepherd", + "Redeemer", + "Deliverer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Nino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Christ child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jevons", + "William Stanley Jevons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist and logician who contributed to the development of the theory of marginal utility (1835-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jewison", + "Norman Jewison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian filmmaker (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jezebel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of Ahab who was king of Israel; according to the Old Testament she was a cruel immoral queen who fostered the worship of Baal and tried to kill Elijah and other prophets of Israel (9th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jimenez", + "Juan Ramon Jimenez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish lyric poet (1881-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jimenez de Cisneros", + "Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prelate who was the confessor of Isabella I and who was later appointed Grand Inquisitor (1436-1517)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jinnah", + "Muhammad Ali Jinnah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian statesman who was the founder of Pakistan as a Muslim state (1876-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joachim", + "Joseph Joachim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian violinist and composer (1831-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Jewish hero in the Old Testament who maintained his faith in God in spite of afflictions that tested him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joffre", + "Joseph Jacques Cesaire Joffre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French field marshal who commanded the Allied armies in France during World War II (1852-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joffrey", + "Robert Joffrey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States choreographer (1930-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John", + "Saint John", + "St. John", + "Saint John the Apostle", + "St. John the Apostle", + "John the Evangelist", + "John the Divine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John", + "King John", + "John Lackland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John XXIII", + "Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1958 to 1963 who convoked the Second Vatican Council (1881-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Chrysostom", + "St. John Chrysostom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John of Gaunt", + "Duke of Lancaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fourth son of Edward III who was the effective ruler of England during the close of his father's reign and during the minority of Richard II; his son was Henry Bolingbroke (1340-1399)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John the Baptist", + "St. John the Baptist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) a preacher and hermit and forerunner of Jesus (whom he baptized); was beheaded by Herod at the request of Salome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Paul I", + "Albino Luciano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Pope to assume a double name; he reigned for only 34 days (1912-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "John Paul II", + "Karol Wojtyla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Pope born in Poland; the first Pope not born in Italy in 450 years (1920-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johns", + "Jasper Johns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist and proponent of pop art (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnson", + "Andrew Johnson", + "President Johnson", + "President Andrew Johnson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote (1808-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnson", + "Lyndon Johnson", + "Lyndon Baines Johnson", + "LBJ", + "President Johnson", + "President Lyndon Johnson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnson", + "Samuel Johnson", + "Dr. Johnson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Johnston", + "J. E. Johnston", + "Joseph Eggleston Johnston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Confederate general in the American Civil War; led the Confederate troops in the West (1807-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joliot", + "Jean-Frederic Joliot", + "Joliot-Curie", + "Jean-Frederic Joliot-Curie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joliot-Curie", + "Irene Joliot-Curie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who (with her husband) synthesized new chemical elements (1897-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jolliet", + "Louis Jolliet", + "Joliet", + "Louis Joliet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jolson", + "Al Jolson", + "Asa Yoelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer (born in Russia) who appeared in the first full-length talking film (1886-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonah" + ], + "it": [ + "Giona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Jonah did not wish to become a prophet so God caused a great storm to throw him overboard from a ship; he was saved by being swallowed by a whale that vomited him out onto dry land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "Daniel Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English phonetician (1881-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "Inigo Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the first great English architects and a theater designer (1573-1652)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "John Paul Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American naval commander in the American Revolution (1747-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "Bobby Jones", + "Robert Tyre Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer (1902-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "Casey Jones", + "John Luther Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railroad engineer who died trying to stop his train from crashing into another train; a friend wrote a famous ballad describing the incident (1864-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jones", + "Mother Jones", + "Mary Harris Jones" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jong", + "Erica Jong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jonson", + "Ben Jonson", + "Benjamin Jonson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist and poet who was the first real poet laureate of England (1572-1637)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joplin", + "Scott Joplin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer who was the first creator of ragtime to write down his compositions (1868-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joplin", + "Janis Joplin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer who died of a drug overdose at the height of her popularity (1943-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joseph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) husband of Mary and (in Christian belief) the foster father of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joseph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the 11th son of Jacob and one of the 12 patriarchs of Israel; Jacob gave Joseph a coat of many colors, which made his brothers jealous and they sold him into slavery in Egypt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joseph", + "Chief Joseph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the Nez Perce in their retreat from United States troops (1840-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Josephus", + "Flavius Josephus", + "Joseph ben Matthias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jewish general who led the revolt of the Jews against the Romans and then wrote a history of those events (37-100)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joshua" + ], + "it": [ + "Giosué" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land; best remembered for his destruction of Jericho" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joule", + "James Prescott Joule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics (1818-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jowett", + "Benjamin Jowett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English classical scholar noted for his translations of Plato and Aristotle (1817-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Joyce", + "James Joyce", + "James Augustine Aloysius Joyce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influential Irish writer noted for his many innovations (such as stream of consciousness writing) (1882-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juan Carlos", + "Juan Carlos Victor Maria de Borbon y Borbon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Spain since 1975 (born in 1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the fourth son of Jacob who was forebear of one of the tribes of Israel; one of his descendants was to be the Messiah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judas", + "Judas Iscariot" + ], + "it": [ + "Giuda", + "Giuda Iscariota" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the Apostle who betrayed Jesus to his enemies for 30 pieces of silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Judas Maccabaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jewish leader of a revolt in Judea that recovered Jerusalem around 166 BC; hero of the Apocryphal books I Maccabees and II Maccabees (?-161 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jude", + "Saint Jude", + "St. Jude", + "Judas", + "Thaddaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Julian", + "Julian the Apostate", + "Flavius Claudius Julianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jung", + "Carl Jung", + "Carl Gustav Jung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss psychologist (1875-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Junkers", + "Hugo Junkers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German aircraft engineer who designed the first all-metal airplane (1859-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jussieu", + "Antoine Laurent de Jussieu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French botanist who categorized plants into families and developed a system of plant classification (1748-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Justinian", + "Justinian I", + "Justinian the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians; codified Roman law in 529; his general Belisarius regained North Africa and Spain (483-565)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juvenal", + "Decimus Junius Juvenalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman satirist who denounced the vice and folly of Roman society during the reign of the emperor Domitian (60-140)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kachaturian", + "Aram Kachaturian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Armenian composer who incorporated oriental folk music (1903-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kafka", + "Franz Kafka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech novelist who wrote in German about a nightmarish world of isolated and troubled individuals (1883-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kahn", + "Louis Isadore Kahn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in Estonia) (1901-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kalinin", + "Mikhail Kalinin", + "Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soviet statesman and head of state of the USSR (1875-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kamehameha I", + "Kamehameha the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hawaiian king who united the islands under his rule (1758-1819)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kandinsky", + "Wassily Kandinsky", + "Kandinski", + "Wassily Kandinski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kant", + "Immanuel Kant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karlfeldt", + "Erik Axel Karlfeldt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish poet whose works incorporate Swedish customs and folklore (1864-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karloff", + "Boris Karloff", + "William Henry Pratt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in England) noted for his performances in horror films (1887-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karpov", + "Anatoli Karpov", + "Anatoli Yevgenevich Karpov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian chess master who was world champion from 1975 until 1985 when he was defeated by Gary Kasparov (born in 1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Karsavina", + "Tamara Karsavina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian dancer who danced with Nijinsky (1885-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kasparov", + "Gary Kasparov", + "Gary Weinstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kastler", + "Alfred Kastler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist (1902-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaufman", + "George S. Kaufman", + "George Simon Kaufman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright who collaborated with many other writers including Moss Hart (1889-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kaunda", + "Kenneth Kaunda", + "Kenneth David Kaunda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "statesman who led Northern Rhodesia to full independence as Zambia in 1964 and served as Zambia's first president (1924-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kazan", + "Elia Kazan", + "Elia Kazanjoglous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States stage and screen director (born in Turkey) and believer in method acting (1909-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kean", + "Edmund Kean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor noted for his portrayals of Shakespeare's great tragic characters (1789-1833)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keaton", + "Buster Keaton", + "Joseph Francis Keaton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian and actor in silent films noted for his acrobatic skills and deadpan face (1895-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keats", + "John Keats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and romantic poet (1795-1821)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keble", + "John Keble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman who (with John Henry Newman and Edward Pusey) founded the Oxford movement (1792-1866)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kekule", + "Friedrich August Kekule", + "Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist remembered for his discovery of the ring structure of benzene (1829-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keller", + "Helen Keller", + "Helen Adams Keller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lecturer and writer who was blind and deaf from the age of 19 months; Anne Sullivan taught her to read and write and speak; Helen Keller graduated from college and went on to champion the cause of blind and deaf people (1880-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kellogg", + "W. K. Kellogg", + "Will Keith Kellog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States food manufacturer who (with his brother) developed a breakfast cereal of crisp flakes of rolled and toasted wheat and corn; he established a company to manufacture the cereal (1860-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kelly", + "Gene Kelly", + "Eugene Curran Kelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer who performed in many musical films (1912-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kelly", + "Grace Kelly", + "Grace Patricia Kelly", + "Princess Grace of Monaco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress who retired when she married into the royal family of Monaco (1928-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kelly", + "Emmett Kelly", + "Weary Willie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States circus clown (1898-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kelvin", + "First Baron Kelvin", + "William Thompson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist who invented the Kelvin scale of temperature and pioneered undersea telegraphy (1824-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kendall", + "Edward Kendall", + "Edward Calvin Kendall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist who discovered cortisone (1886-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kendrew", + "Sir John Cowdery Kendrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biologist noted for studies of the molecular structure of blood components (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennan", + "George F. Kennan", + "George Frost Kennan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat who recommended a policy of containment in dealing with Soviet aggression (1904-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennedy", + "Jack Kennedy", + "John Fitzgerald Kennedy", + "JFK", + "President Kennedy", + "President John F. Kennedy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "35th President of the United States; established the Peace Corps; assassinated in Dallas (1917-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kennelly", + "A. E. Kennelly", + "Arthur Edwin Kennelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer noted for his work on the theory of alternating currents; independently of Oliver Heaviside he discovered the existence of an atmospheric layer that reflects radio waves back to earth (1861-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kent", + "Rockwell Kent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter noted for his woodcuts (1882-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kenyata", + "Jomo Kenyata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Kenyan statesman and the first president of independent Kenya (1893-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keokuk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sauk leader who aided the United States against Black Hawk (1790-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kepler", + "Johannes Kepler", + "Johan Kepler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion (1571-1630)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kerensky", + "Aleksandr Feodorovich Kerensky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian revolutionary who was head of state after Nicholas II abdicated but was overthrown by the Bolsheviks (1881-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kern", + "Jerome Kern", + "Jerome David Kern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer of musical comedies (1885-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kerouac", + "Jack Kerouac", + "Jean-Louis Lebris de Kerouac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who was a leading figure of the beat generation (1922-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kesey", + "Ken Kesey", + "Ken Elton Kesey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose best-known novel was based on his experiences as an attendant in a mental hospital (1935-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kettering", + "Charles Kettering", + "Charles Franklin Kettering" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer who made numerous automotive improvements (including the electric starter) (1876-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Key", + "Francis Scott Key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812; the poem was later set to music and entitled `The Star-Spangled Banner' (1779-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Keynes", + "John Maynard Keynes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khachaturian", + "Aram Khachaturian", + "Aram Ilich Khachaturian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer (born in Armenia) whose works are romantic and reflect his interest in folk music (1903-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khama", + "Sir Seretse Khama" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Botswanan statesman who was the first president of Botswana (1921-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khomeini", + "Ruholla Khomeini", + "Ayatollah Khomeini", + "Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers (1900-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Khrushchev", + "Nikita Khrushchev", + "Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet statesman and premier who denounced Stalin (1894-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kidd", + "William Kidd", + "Captain Kidd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish sea captain who was hired to protect British shipping in the Indian Ocean and then was accused of piracy and hanged (1645-1701)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kierkegaard", + "Soren Kierkegaard", + "Soren Aabye Kierkegaard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish philosopher who is generally considered. along with Nietzsche, to be a founder of existentialism (1813-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kieslowski", + "Krzysztof Kieslowski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish filmmaker who made ten films based on the Ten Commandments (1941-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King", + "Martin Luther King", + "Martin Luther King Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States charismatic civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks (1929-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King", + "B. B. King", + "Riley B King" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States guitar player and singer of the blues (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King", + "Billie Jean King", + "Billie Jean Moffitt King" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States woman tennis player (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kinsey", + "Alfred Charles Kinsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States zoologist best known for his interview studies of sexual behavior (1894-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kipling", + "Rudyard Kipling", + "Joseph Rudyard Kipling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author of novels and poetry who was born in India (1865-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirchhoff", + "G. R. Kirchhoff", + "Gustav Robert Kirchhoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who with Bunsen pioneered spectrum analysis and formulated two laws governing electric networks (1824-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kirchner", + "Ernst Ludwig Kirchner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German expressionist painter (1880-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kissinger", + "Henry Kissinger", + "Henry Alfred Kissinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat who served under President Nixon and President Ford (born in 1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kitchener", + "Herbert Kitchener", + "Horatio Herbert Kitchener", + "First Earl Kitchener of Khartoum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British field marshal (1850-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klaproth", + "Martin Heinrich Klaproth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who pioneered analytical chemistry and discovered three new elements (1743-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klee", + "Paul Klee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss painter influenced by Kandinsky (1879-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klein", + "Calvin Klein", + "Calvin Richard Klein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States fashion designer noted for understated fashions (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klein", + "Melanie Klein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychoanalyst (born in Austria) who was the first to specialize in the psychoanalysis of small children (1882-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klein", + "Felix Klein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician who created the Klein bottle (1849-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kleist", + "Heinrich von Kleist", + "Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German dramatist whose works concern people torn between reason and emotion (1777-1811)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klimt", + "Gustav Klimt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian painter influenced by art nouveau (1862-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kline", + "Franz Kline", + "Franz Joseph Kline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abstract expressionist painter (1910-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klinefelter", + "Harry F. Klinefelter", + "Harry Fitch Kleinfelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician who first described the XXY-syndrome (born in 1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Klopstock", + "Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German poet (1724-1803)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knox", + "John Knox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish theologian who founded Presbyterianism in Scotland and wrote a history of the Reformation in Scotland (1514-1572)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koch", + "Robert Koch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German bacteriologist who isolated the anthrax bacillus and the tubercle bacillus and the cholera bacillus (1843-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koestler", + "Arthur Koestler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer (born in Hungary) who wrote a novel exposing the Stalinist purges during the 1930s (1905-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Konoe", + "Fumimaro Konoe", + "Prince Fumimaro Konoe", + "Konoye", + "Fumimaro Konoye", + "Prince Fumimaro Konoye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese statesman who set Japan's expansionist policies and formed an alliance with Germany and Italy (1891-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koopmans", + "Tjalling Koopmans", + "Tjalling Charles Koopmans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (born in the Netherlands) (1910-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korbut", + "Olga Korbut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet gymnast (born in 1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korchnoi", + "Viktor Korchnoi", + "Viktor Lvovich Korchnoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian chess master (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korda", + "Sir Alexander Korda", + "Sandor Kellner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British filmmaker (born in Hungary) (1893-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Korzybski", + "Alfred Korzybski", + "Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States semanticist (born in Poland) (1879-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kosciusko", + "Thaddeus Kosciusko", + "Kosciuszko", + "Tadeusz Andrzej Bonawentura Kosciuszko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish patriot and soldier who fought with Americans in the American Revolution (1746-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Koussevitzky", + "Serge Koussevitzky", + "Sergei Aleksandrovich Koussevitzky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor (born in Russia) who was noted for performing the works of contemporary composers (1874-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krafft-Ebing", + "Richard von Krafft-Ebing", + "Baron Richard von Krafft-Ebing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German neurologist noted for his studies of sexual deviance (1840-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krasner", + "Lee Krasner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist remembered for her spontaneous approach to painting; she was a founder of the New York school of abstract expressionism (1908-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krebs", + "Hans Adolf Krebs", + "Sir Hans Adolf Krebs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist (born in Germany) who discovered the Krebs cycle (1900-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kreisler", + "Fritz Kreisler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States violinist (born in Austria) (1875-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kroeber", + "Alfred Kroeber", + "Alfred Louis Kroeber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist noted for his studies of culture (1876-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kronecker", + "Leopold Kronecker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician (1823-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kropotkin", + "Prince Peter Kropotkin", + "Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian anarchist (1842-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kroto", + "Harold Kroto", + "Harold W. Kroto", + "Sir Harold Walter Kroto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British chemist who with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kruger", + "Oom Paul Kruger", + "Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Boer statesman (1825-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krupp", + "Friedrich Krupp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German industrialist who manufactured steel in Essen (1787-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Krupp", + "Alfred Krupp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German arms manufacturer and son of Friedrich Krupp; his firm provided ordnance for German armies from the 1840s through World War II (1812-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kublai Khan", + "Kubla Khan", + "Kublai Kaan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian emperor of China and grandson of Genghis Khan who completed his grandfather's conquest of China; he establish the Yuan dynasty and built a great capital on the site of modern Beijing where he received Marco Polo (1216-1294)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kubrick", + "Stanley Kubrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuhn", + "Richard Kuhn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian chemist who did research on carotenoids and vitamins (1900-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuiper", + "Gerard Kuiper", + "Gerard Peter Kuiper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer (born in the Netherlands) who studied the solar system and suggested in 1951 that there is a belt of comet-like debris at the edge of the solar system (1905-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kurosawa", + "Akira Kurosawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese filmmaker noted for blending Japanese folklore with western styles of acting (1910-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kutuzov", + "Mikhail Ilarionovich Kutuzov", + "Prince of Smolensk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian field marshal who commanded the Russian opposition to Napoleon (1745-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kuznets", + "Simon Kuznets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (born in Russia) who developed a method for using a country's gross national product to estimate its economic growth (1901-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Kyd", + "Kid", + "Thomas Kyd", + "Thomas Kid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist (1558-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laban", + "Rudolph Laban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian choreographer who developed Labanotation (1879-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Labrouste", + "Henri Labrouste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French architect who was among the first to use metal construction successfully (1801-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lachaise", + "Gaston Lachaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (born in France) noted for his large nude figures (1882-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lafayette", + "La Fayette", + "Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier", + "Marquis de Lafayette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laffer", + "Arthur Laffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist who proposed the Laffer curve (born in 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laffite", + "Lafitte", + "Jean Laffite", + "Jean Lafitte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pirate who aided the United States in the War of 1812 and received an official pardon for his crimes (1780-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Fontaine", + "Jean de La Fontaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who collected Aesop's fables and published them (1621-1695)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamarck", + "Jean Baptiste de Lamarck", + "Chevalier de Lamarck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French naturalist who proposed that evolution resulted from the inheritance of acquired characteristics (1744-1829)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lamb", + "Charles Lamb", + "Elia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English essayist (1775-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lambert", + "Constant Lambert", + "Leonard Constant Lambert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer and conductor (1905-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lancelot", + "Sir Lancelot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) one of the knights of the Round Table; friend of King Arthur until (according to some versions of the legend) he became the lover of Arthur's wife Guinevere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Land", + "Din Land", + "Edwin Herbert Land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who incorporated Polaroid film into lenses and invented the one step photographic process (1909-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Landau", + "Lev Davidovich Landau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet physicist who worked on low temperature physics (1908-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Landowska", + "Wanda Landowska" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States harpsichordist (born in Poland) who helped to revive modern interest in the harpsichord (1879-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Landsteiner", + "Karl Landsteiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pathologist (born in Austria) who discovered human blood groups (1868-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laney", + "Lucy Craft Laney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who founded the first private school for Black students in Augusta, Georgia (1854-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lange", + "Dorothea Lange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States photographer remembered for her portraits of rural workers during the Depression (1895-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langley", + "Samuel Pierpoint Langley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer and aviation pioneer who invented the bolometer and contributed to the design of early aircraft (1834-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langmuir", + "Irving Langmuir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who studied surface chemistry and developed the gas-filled tungsten lamp and worked on high temperature electrical discharges (1881-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Langtry", + "Lillie Langtry", + "Jersey Lillie", + "Emilie Charlotte le Breton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British actress and mistress of the prince who later became Edward VII (1853-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lao-tzu", + "Lao-tse", + "Lao-zi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese philosopher regarded as the founder of Taoism (6th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laplace", + "Marquis de Laplace", + "Pierre Simon de Laplace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician and astronomer who formulated the nebular hypothesis concerning the origins of the solar system and who developed the theory of probability (1749-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lardner", + "Ring Lardner", + "Ringgold Wilmer Lardner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States humorist and writer of satirical short stories (1885-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Rochefoucauld", + "Francois de La Rochefoucauld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer of moralistic maxims (1613-1680)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Larousse", + "Pierre Larousse", + "Pierre Athanase Larousse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French lexicographer (1817-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "LaSalle", + "Sieur de LaSalle", + "Rene-Robert Cavelier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French explorer who claimed Louisiana for France (1643-1687)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lasso", + "Orlando di Lasso", + "Roland de Lassus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian composer (1532-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "La Tour", + "Georges de La Tour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter of religious works (1593-1652)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latrobe", + "Benjamin Henry Latrobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in England) whose works include the chambers of the United States Congress and the Supreme Court; considered the first professional architect in the United States (1764-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lauder", + "Harry Lauder", + "Sir Harry MacLennan Lauder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish ballad singer and music hall comedian (1870-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laughton", + "Charles Laughton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in England) (1899-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurel", + "Stan Laurel", + "Arthur Stanley Jefferson Laurel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States slapstick comedian (born in England) who played the scatterbrained and often tearful member of the Laurel and Hardy duo who made many films (1890-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurens", + "Henry Laurens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the American Revolution and president of the Continental Congress (1724-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laver", + "Rod Laver", + "Rodney George Laver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tennis player who in 1962 was the second man to win the Australian and French and English and United States singles titles in the same year; in 1969 he repeated this feat (born in 1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lavoisier", + "Antoine Lavoisier", + "Antoine Laurent Lavoisier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French chemist known as the father of modern chemistry; discovered oxygen and disproved the theory of phlogiston (1743-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "D. H. Lawrence", + "David Herbert Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist and poet and essayist whose work condemned industrial society and explored sexual relationships (1885-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "E. O. Lawrence", + "Ernest Orlando Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who developed the cyclotron (1901-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "Gertrude Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actress (1898-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "Sir Thomas Lawrence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English portrait painter remembered for the series of portraits of the leaders of the alliance against Napoleon (1769-1830)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "T. E. Lawrence", + "Thomas Edward Lawrence", + "Lawrence of Arabia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh soldier who from 1916 to 1918 organized the Arab revolt against the Turks; he later wrote an account of his adventures (1888-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lawrence", + "Saint Lawrence", + "St. Lawrence", + "Laurentius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman martyr; supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leacock", + "Stephen Leacock", + "Stephen Butler Leacock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian economist best remembered for his humorous writings (1869-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leakey", + "Louis Leakey", + "Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English paleontologist whose account of fossil discoveries in Tanzania changed theories of human evolution (1903-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leakey", + "Mary Leakey", + "Mary Douglas Leakey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English paleontologist (the wife of Louis Leakey) who discovered the Zinjanthropus skull that was 1,750,000 years old (1913-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leakey", + "Richard Leakey", + "Richard Erskine Leakey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English paleontologist (son of Louis Leakey and Mary Leakey) who continued the work of his parents; he was appointed director of a wildlife preserve in Kenya but resigned under political pressure (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lear", + "Edward Lear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British artist and writer of nonsense verse (1812-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leary", + "Tim Leary", + "Timothy Leary", + "Timothy Francis Leary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist who experimented with psychoactive drugs (including LSD) and became a well-known advocate of their use (1920-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "le Carre", + "John le Carre", + "David John Moore Cornwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels of espionage (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "le Chatelier", + "Henry le Chatelier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French chemist who formulated Le Chatelier's principle (1850-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Corbusier", + "Charles Edouard Jeanneret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French architect (born in Switzerland) (1887-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ledbetter", + "Huddie Leadbetter", + "Leadbelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States folk singer and composer (1885-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Duc Tho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Vietnamese diplomat who negotiated with Henry Kissinger to end the war in Vietnam (1911-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Robert E. Lee", + "Robert Edward Lee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American general who led the Confederate Armies in the American Civil War (1807-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Henry Lee", + "Lighthorse Harry Lee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soldier of the American Revolution (1756-1818)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Richard Henry Lee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the American Revolution who proposed the resolution calling for independence of the American Colonies (1732-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Tsung Dao Lee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in China) who collaborated with Yang Chen Ning in disproving the principle of conservation of parity (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Bruce Lee", + "Lee Yuen Kam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor who was an expert in kung fu and starred in martial arts films (1941-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Gypsy Rose Lee", + "Rose Louise Hovick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States striptease artist who became famous on Broadway in the 1930s (1914-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lee", + "Spike Lee", + "Shelton Jackson Lee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Gallienne", + "Eva Le Gallienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress (born in England) (1899-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leger", + "Fernand Leger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter who was an early cubist (1881-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lehar", + "Franz Lehar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian composer of light operas (1870-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leibniz", + "Leibnitz", + "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz", + "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher and mathematician who thought of the universe as consisting of independent monads and who devised a system of the calculus independent of Newton (1646-1716)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leigh", + "Vivien Leigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English film actress (1913-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemaitre", + "Georges Henri Lemaitre", + "Edouard Lemaitre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian cosmologist who proposed the big-bang theory of the origin of the universe (1894-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemmon", + "Jack Lemmon", + "John Uhler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (1925-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lenard", + "Philipp Lenard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who studied cathode rays (1862-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lendl", + "Ivan Lendl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player (born in Czechoslovakia) who won several singles championships; in 1992 he became a United States citizen (born in 1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "L'Enfant", + "Charles L'Enfant", + "Pierre Charles L'Enfant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in France) who laid out the city plan for Washington (1754-1825)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lenin", + "Vladimir Lenin", + "Nikolai Lenin", + "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin", + "Vladimir Ilich Lenin", + "Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov", + "Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lennon", + "John Lennon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English rock star and guitarist and songwriter who with Paul McCartney wrote most of the music for the Beatles (1940-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Le Notre", + "Andre Le Notre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French landscape gardener who designed many formal gardens including the parks of Versailles (1613-1700)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo I", + "St. Leo I", + "Leo the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 795 to 816 who in 800 crowned Charlemagne emperor of the Romans (750-816)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo IX", + "Bruno", + "Bruno of Toul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo X", + "Giovanni de'Medici" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Lorenzo de'Medici and pope from 1513 to 1521 who excommunicated Martin Luther and who in 1521 bestowed on Henry VIII the title of Defender of the Faith (1475-1521)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leo XIII", + "Gioacchino Pecci", + "Giovanni Vincenzo Pecci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1878 to 1903 who was interested in the advancement of learning and who opened the Vatican secret archives to all scholars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonard", + "Elmore Leonard", + "Elmore John Leonard", + "Dutch Leonard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of thrillers (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonardo", + "Leonardo da Vinci", + "da Vinci" + ], + "it": [ + "Leonardo", + "Leonardo da Vinci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect; the most versatile genius of the Italian Renaissance (1452-1519)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leonidas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Sparta and hero of the battle of Thermopylae where he was killed by the Persians (died in 480 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leontief", + "Wassily Leontief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (born in Russia) who devised an input-output method of economic analysis (1906-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lermontov", + "Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian writer (1814-1841)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lerner", + "Alan Jay Lerner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lyricist who collaborated on musicals with Frederick Loewe (1918-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesseps", + "Ferdinand de Lesseps", + "Vicomte Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French diplomat who supervised the construction of the Suez Canal (1805-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lessing", + "Doris Lessing", + "Doris May Lessing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author of novels and short stories who grew up in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lessing", + "Gotthold Ephraim Lessing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German playwright and leader of the Enlightenment (1729-1781)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leuwenhoek", + "Leeuwenhoek", + "Anton van Leuwenhoek", + "Anton van Leeuwenhoek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch pioneer microscopist who was among the first to recognize cells in animals and who gave the first accurate descriptions of microbes and spermatozoa and blood corpuscles (1632-1723)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Levi-Strauss", + "Claude Levi-Strauss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French cultural anthropologist who promoted structural analysis of social systems (born in 1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "C. S. Lewis", + "Clive Staples Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English critic and novelist; author of theological works and of books for children (1898-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "Sinclair Lewis", + "Harry Sinclair Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist who satirized middle-class America in his novel Main Street (1885-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "John L. Lewis", + "John Llewelly Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who was president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1920 to 1960 and president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations from 1935 to 1940 (1880-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "Meriwether Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer and soldier who lead led an expedition from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River (1774-1809)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "Carl Lewis", + "Frederick Carleton Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States athlete who won gold medals at the Olympics for his skill in sprinting and jumping (born in 1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewis", + "Jerry Lee Lewis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock star singer and pianist (born in 1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libby", + "Willard Frank Libby" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who developed a method of radiocarbon dating (1908-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lichtenstein", + "Roy Lichtenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter who was a leading exponent of pop art (1923-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lie", + "Trygve Lie", + "Trygve Halvden Lie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian diplomat who was the first Secretary General of the United Nations (1896-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liliuokalani", + "Lydia Kamekeha Paki Liliuokalani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of the Hawaiian islands (1838-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lillie", + "Beatrice Lillie", + "Lady Peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British actress (born in Canada) (1898-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lin", + "Maya Lin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor and architect whose public works include the memorial to veterans of the Vietnam War in Washington (born in 1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lincoln", + "Abraham Lincoln", + "President Lincoln", + "President Abraham Lincoln" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lind", + "Jenny Lind", + "Swedish Nightingale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish soprano who toured the United States under the management of P. T. Barnum (1820-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindbergh", + "Charles Lindbergh", + "Charles A. Lindbergh", + "Charles Augustus Lindbergh", + "Lucky Lindy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindsay", + "Vachel Lindsay", + "Nicholas Vachel Lindsay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet who traveled the country trading his poems for room and board (1879-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindsay", + "Howard Lindsay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright who collaborated with Russel Crouse on several musicals (1889-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Linnaeus", + "Carolus Linnaeus", + "Carl von Linne", + "Karl Linne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish botanist who proposed the modern system of biological nomenclature (1707-1778)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lipchitz", + "Jacques Lipchitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (born in Lithuania) who pioneered cubist sculpture (1891-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lipmann", + "Fritz Albert Lipmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in Germany) noted for his studies of metabolic processes (1899-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Li Po" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese lyric poet (700-762)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lippi", + "Fra Filippo Lippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter whose works show a three-dimensional style (1406-1469)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lippi", + "Filippino Lippi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter and son of Fra Filippo Lippi (1457-1504)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lippmann", + "Gabriel Lippmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who developed the first color photographic process (1845-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lippmann", + "Walter Lippmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist (1889-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lipscomb", + "William Nunn Lipscom Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist noted for his theories of molecular structure (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lister", + "Joseph Lister", + "Baron Lister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English surgeon who was the first to use antiseptics (1827-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liston", + "Sonny Liston", + "Charles Liston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who lost his world heavyweight championship to Cassius Clay in 1964 (1932-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liszt", + "Franz Liszt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian composer and piano virtuoso (1811-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Littre", + "Maximilien Paul Emile Littre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French lexicographer (1801-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livermore", + "Mary Ashton Rice Livermore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States suffragist (1820-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livingston", + "Robert R. Livingston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader who served in the Continental Congress and as minister to France (1746-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livingstone", + "David Livingstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Livy", + "Titus Livius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman historian whose history of Rome filled 142 volumes (of which only 35 survive) including the earliest history of the war with Hannibal (59 BC to AD 17)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lloyd", + "Harold Lloyd", + "Harold Clayton Lloyd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comic actor in silent films; he used physical danger as a source of comedy (1893-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lloyd Webber", + "Andrew Lloyd Webber", + "Baron Lloyd Webber of Sydmonton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer of many successful musicals (some in collaboration with Sir Tim Rice) (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobachevsky", + "Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian mathematician who independently discovered non-Euclidean geometry (1792-1856)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Locke", + "John Locke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lodge", + "Sir Oliver Lodge", + "Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i95999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loeb", + "Jacques Loeb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physiologist (born in Germany) who did research on parthenogenesis (1859-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loewe", + "Frederick Loewe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Austria) who collaborated with Lerner on several musicals (1901-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loewi", + "Otto Loewi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pharmacologist (born in Germany) who was the first to show that acetylcholine is produced at the junction between a parasympathetic nerve and a muscle (1873-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "London", + "Jack London", + "John Griffith Chaney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of novels based on experiences in the Klondike gold rush (1876-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Longfellow", + "Henry Wadsworth Longfellow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet remembered for his long narrative poems (1807-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loos", + "Adolf Loos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian architect (1870-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Loren", + "Sophia Loren", + "Sofia Scicolone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian film actress (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorentz", + "Hendrik Antoon Lorentz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physicist noted for work on electromagnetic theory (1853-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorenz", + "Konrad Lorenz", + "Konrad Zacharias Lorenz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian zoologist who studied the behavior of birds and emphasized the importance of innate as opposed to learned behaviors (1903-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorenzo de'Medici", + "Lorenzo the Magnificent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian statesman and scholar who supported many artists and humanists including Michelangelo and Leonardo and Botticelli (1449-1492)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorre", + "Peter Lorre", + "Laszlo Lowestein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor (born in Hungary) noted for playing sinister roles (1904-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis I", + "Louis the Pious" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "third son of Charlemagne and king of France and Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (778-840)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis II", + "Louis le Begue", + "Louis the Stammerer", + "Louis the German" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France and Germany (846-879)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Louis II and king of the France and Germany (863-882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis IV", + "Louis d'Outremer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France (921-954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis V", + "Louis le Faineant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Carolingian king of France (967-987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis VI", + "Louis the Far", + "Louis the Wideawake", + "Louis the Bruiser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France whose military victories consolidated his reign (1081-1137)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis VII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France who led the unsuccessful Second Crusade and fought frequent wars with Henry II of England (1120-1180)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis VIII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France who increased the power of the Crown over the feudal lords (1187-1226)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis IX", + "Saint Louis", + "St. Louis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France and son of Louis VIII; he led two unsuccessful Crusades; considered an ideal medieval king (1214-1270)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis X", + "Louis le Hutin", + "Louis the Quarreller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France (1289-1316)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France who put down an alliance of unruly nobles and unified France except for Brittany (1423-1483)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France who was popular with his subjects (1462-1515)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XIII" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France from 1610 to 1643 who relied heavily on the advice of Cardinal Richelieu (1601-1643)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XIV", + "Sun King", + "Louis the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grandson of Louis XIV and king of France from 1715 to 1774 who led France into the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War (1710-1774)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis XVI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France from 1774 to 1792; his failure to grant reforms led to the French Revolution; he and his queen (Marie Antoinette) were guillotined (1754-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Louis", + "Joe Louis", + "Joseph Louis Barrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lovelace", + "Richard Lovelace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1618-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lovell", + "Sir Bernard Lovell", + "Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English astronomer who pioneered radio astronomy (born in 1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Low", + "David Low", + "Sir David Low", + "Sir David Alexander Cecil Low" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British political cartoonist (born in New Zealand) who created the character Colonel Blimp (1891-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowell", + "Abbott Lawrence Lowell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator and president of Harvard University (1856-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowell", + "Amy Lowell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1874-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowell", + "Percival Lowell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer whose studies of Mars led him to conclude that Mars was inhabited (1855-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowell", + "Robert Lowell", + "Robert Traill Spence Lowell Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1917-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowry", + "Malcolm Lowry", + "Clarence Malcolm Lowry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist (1909-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lowry", + "L. S. Lowry", + "Laurence Stephen Lowry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English painter (1887-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lozier", + "Clemence Sophia Harned Lozier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician who in 1863 founded a medical school for women (1813-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lubitsch", + "Ernst Lubitsch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German filmmaker of sophisticated comedies (1892-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucas", + "George Lucas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucullus", + "Licinius Lucullus", + "Lucius Licinius Lucullus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general famous for self-indulgence and giving lavish banquets (circa 110-57 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luce", + "Clare Booth Luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright and public official (1902-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luce", + "Henry Luce", + "Henry Robinson Luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States publisher of magazines (1898-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lucretius", + "Titus Lucretius Carus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman philosopher and poet; in a long didactic poem he tried to provide a scientific explanation of the universe (96-55 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luculus", + "Lucius Licinius Luculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general famous for giving lavish banquets (110-57 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lugosi", + "Bela Lugosi", + "Bela Ferenc Blasko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in Hungary) noted for portraying monsters (1884-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luke", + "Saint Luke", + "St. Luke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) the Apostle closely associated with St. Paul and traditionally assumed to be the author of the third Gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lully", + "Jean Baptiste Lully", + "Lulli", + "Giambattista Lulli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer (born in Italy) who was the court composer to Louis XIV and founded the national French opera (1632-1687)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lully", + "Raymond Lully", + "Ramon Lully" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish philosopher (1235-1315)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lunt", + "Alfred Lunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor who performed with his wife Lynn Fontanne in many stage productions (1893-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Luther", + "Martin Luther" + ], + "it": [ + "Lutero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German theologian who led the Reformation; believed that salvation is granted on the basis of faith rather than deeds (1483-1546)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lutyens", + "Sir Edwin Lutyens", + "Sir Edwin Landseer Luytens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect who planned the city of New Delhi (1869-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyly", + "John Lyly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer noted for his elaborate style (1554-1606)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spartan general who defeated the Athenians in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (died in 395 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysenko", + "Trofim Denisovich Lysenko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet geneticist whose adherence to Lamarck's theory of evolution was favored by Stalin (1898-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysimachus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Macedonian general under Alexander the Great; with Seleucus he defeated Antigonus and Demetrius at the battle of Ipsus (circa 355-281 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysippus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek sculptor (4th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lytton", + "First Baron Lytton", + "Bulwer-Lytton", + "Edward George Earle Bulwer-Lytton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of historical romances (1803-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MacArthur", + "Douglas MacArthur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II; he accepted the surrender of Japan (1880-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macaulay", + "Thomas Babington Macaulay", + "First Baron Macaulay", + "Lord Macaulay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian noted for his history of England (1800-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macbeth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Scotland (died in 1057)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MacDowell", + "Edward MacDowell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer best remembered as a composer of works for the piano (1860-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MacGregor", + "Robert MacGregor", + "Rob Roy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish clan leader and outlaw who was the subject of a 1817 novel by Sir Walter Scott (1671-1734)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mach", + "Ernst Mach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physicist and philosopher who introduced the Mach number and who founded logical positivism (1838-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Machiavelli", + "Niccolo Machiavelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a statesman of Florence who advocated a strong central government (1469-1527)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mackenzie", + "Sir Alexander Mackenzie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian explorer (born in England) who explored the Mackenzie River and who was first to cross North America by land north of Mexico (1764-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "MacLeish", + "Archibald MacLeish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1892-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macleod", + "John Macleod", + "John James Rickard Macleod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish physiologist who directed the research by F. G. Banting and C. H. Best that led to the discovery of insulin (1876-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madison", + "James Madison", + "President Madison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights (1751-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Madonna", + "Madonna Louise Ciccone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pop singer and sex symbol during the 1980s (born in 1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maeterlinck", + "Count Maurice Maeterlinck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian playwright (1862-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magellan", + "Ferdinand Magellan", + "Fernao Magalhaes" + ], + "it": [ + "Magellano", + "Ferdinando Magellano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain; he commanded an expedition that was the first to circumnavigate the world (1480-1521)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maginot", + "Andre Maginot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French politician who proposed the Maginot Line (1877-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magritte", + "Rene Magritte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian surrealist painter (1898-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahan", + "Alfred Thayer Mahan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naval officer and historian (1840-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahler", + "Gustav Mahler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer and conductor (1860-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mailer", + "Norman Mailer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maillol", + "Aristide Maillol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French sculptor of monumental female nudes (1861-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maimonides", + "Moses Maimonides", + "Rabbi Moses Ben Maimon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish philosopher considered the greatest Jewish scholar of the Middle Ages who codified Jewish law in the Talmud (1135-1204)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maintenon", + "Marquise de Maintenon", + "Francoise d'Aubigne", + "Madame de Maintenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French consort of Louis XIV who secretly married the king after the death of his first wife (1635-1719)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maitland", + "Frederic William Maitland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian noted for his works on the history of English law (1850-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Major", + "John Major", + "John R. Major", + "John Roy Major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman who was prime minister from 1990 until 1997 (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Makarios III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek Orthodox bishop and archbishop of Cyprus and the first president of independent Cyprus (1913-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malachi", + "Malachias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet of the 5th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malamud", + "Bernard Malamud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1914-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malcolm X", + "Malcolm Little" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "militant civil rights leader (1925-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malebranche", + "Nicolas de Malebranche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher (1638-1715)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malevich", + "Kazimir Malevich", + "Kazimir Severinovich Malevich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian abstract painter (1878-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malinowski", + "Bronislaw Malinowski", + "Bronislaw Kasper Malinowski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British anthropologist (born in Poland) who introduced the technique of the participant observer (1884-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mallarme", + "Stephane Mallarme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French symbolist poet noted for his free verse (1842-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mallon", + "Mary Mallon", + "Typhoid Mary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cook who was an immune carrier of typhoid fever and who infected dozens of people (1870-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malone", + "Edmund Malone", + "Edmond Malone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English scholar remembered for his chronology of Shakespeare's plays and his editions of Shakespeare and Dryden (1741-1812)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malory", + "Thomas Malory", + "Sir Thomas Malory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer who published a translation of romances about King Arthur taken from French and other sources (died in 1471)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malpighi", + "Marcello Malpighi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian anatomist who was the first to use a microscope to study anatomy and was among the first to recognize cells in animals (1628-1694)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malraux", + "Andre Malraux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist (1901-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malthus", + "Thomas Malthus", + "Thomas Robert Malthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English economist who argued that increases in population would outgrow increases in the means of subsistence (1766-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mamet", + "David Mamet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (born in 1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandela", + "Nelson Mandela", + "Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African statesman who was released from prison to become the nation's first democratically elected president in 1994 (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandelbrot", + "Benoit Mandelbrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician (born in Poland) noted for inventing fractals (born in 1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandelstam", + "Osip Mandelstam", + "Osip Emilevich Mandelstam", + "Mandelshtam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian poet who died in a prison camp (1891-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Persian prophet who founded Manichaeism (216-276)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manet", + "Edouard Manet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1832-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mann", + "Thomas Mann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German writer concerned about the role of the artist in bourgeois society (1875-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mann", + "Horace Mann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mansart", + "Francois Mansart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French architect who introduced the mansard roof (1598-1666)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mansfield", + "Katherine Mansfield", + "Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand writer of short stories (1888-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manson", + "Sir Patrick Manson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish physician who discovered that elephantiasis is spread by mosquitos and suggested that mosquitos also spread malaria (1844-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantegna", + "Andrea Mantegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter and engraver noted for his frescoes (1431-1506)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantell", + "Gideon Algernon Mantell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English geologist remembered as the first person to recognize that dinosaurs were reptiles (1790-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mantle", + "Mickey Mantle", + "Mickey Charles Mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player (1931-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Manzoni", + "Alessandro Manzoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian novelist and poet (1785-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mao", + "Mao Zedong", + "Mao Tsetung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese communist leader (1893-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marat", + "Jean Paul Marat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French revolutionary leader (born in Switzerland) who was a leader in overthrowing the Girondists and was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday (1743-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marceau", + "Marcel Marceau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mime famous for his sad-faced clown (born in 1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marciano", + "Rocco Marciano", + "Rocky Marciano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship in 1952 (1924-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marconi", + "Guglielmo Marconi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian electrical engineer who invented wireless telegraphy and in 1901 transmitted radio signals across the Atlantic Ocean (1874-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marcuse", + "Herbert Marcuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States political philosopher (born in Germany) concerned about the dehumanizing effects of capitalism and modern technology (1898-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marie Antoinette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular; her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marini", + "Giambattista Marini", + "Marino", + "Giambattista Marino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian poet (1569-1625)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mark", + "Saint Mark", + "St. Mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Apostle and companion of Saint Peter; assumed to be the author of the second Gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Markova", + "Dame Alicia Markova", + "Lilian Alicia Marks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English ballet dancer (born in 1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Markov", + "Andrei Markov", + "Markoff", + "Andre Markoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian mathematician (1856-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marks", + "Simon Marks", + "First Baron Marks of Broughton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marley", + "Robert Nesta Marley", + "Bob Marley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Jamaican singer who popularized reggae (1945-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marlowe", + "Christopher Marlowe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and playwright who introduced blank verse as a form of dramatic expression; was stabbed to death in a tavern brawl (1564-1593)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marquand", + "John Marquand", + "John Philip Marquand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who created the Japanese detective Mr. Moto and wrote other novels as well (1893-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marquette", + "Jacques Marquette", + "Pere Jacques Marquette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French missionary who accompanied Louis Joliet in exploring the upper Mississippi River valley (1637-1675)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marquis", + "Don Marquis", + "Donald Robert Perry Marquis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "humorist who wrote about the imaginary life of cockroaches (1878-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsh", + "Ngaio Marsh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand writer of detective stories (1899-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marsh", + "Reginald Marsh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (1898-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall", + "John Marshall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist; as chief justice of the Supreme Court he established the principles of United States constitutional law (1755-1835)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall", + "George Marshall", + "George Catlett Marshall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general and statesman who as Secretary of State organized the European Recovery Program (1880-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marshall", + "E. G. Marshall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor (1914-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marstan", + "John Marstan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright (1575-1634)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marti", + "Jose Julian Marti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cuban poet and revolutionary who fought for Cuban independence from Spain (1853-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman poet noted for epigrams (first century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin", + "Dean Martin", + "Dino Paul Crocetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer (1917-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin", + "Mary Martin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress (1913-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin", + "Steve Martin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor and comedian (born in 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin", + "St. Martin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Martin V", + "Oddone Colonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1417 to 1431 whose election as pope ended the Great Schism (1368-1431)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marvell", + "Andrew Marvell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1621-1678)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx", + "Karl Marx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "founder of modern communism; wrote the Communist Manifesto with Engels in 1848; wrote Das Kapital in 1867 (1818-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx", + "Julius Marx", + "Groucho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1890-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx", + "Leonard Marx", + "Chico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1891-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx", + "Arthur Marx", + "Harpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1893-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marx", + "Herbert Marx", + "Zeppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States comedian; one of four brothers who made motion pictures together (1901-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mary", + "Virgin Mary", + "The Virgin", + "Blessed Virgin", + "Madonna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mary I", + "Mary Tudor", + "Bloody Mary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon who was Queen of England from 1553 to 1558; she was the wife of Philip II of Spain and when she restored Roman Catholicism to England many Protestants were burned at the stake as heretics (1516-1558)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mary II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; she was the eldest daughter of James II and ruled jointly with her husband William III (1662-1694)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mary Queen of Scots", + "Mary Stuart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of Scotland from 1542 to 1567; as a Catholic she was forced to abdicate in favor of her son and fled to England where she was imprisoned by Elizabeth I; when Catholic supporters plotted to put her on the English throne she was tried and executed for sedition (1542-1587)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mary Magdalene", + "St. Mary Magdalene", + "Mary Magdalen", + "St. Mary Magdalen" + ], + "it": [ + "Maddalena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sinful woman Jesus healed of evil spirits; she became a follower of Jesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masefield", + "John Masefield", + "John Edward Masefield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1878-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason", + "A. E. W. Mason", + "Alfred Edward Woodley Mason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1865-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason", + "James Mason", + "James Neville Mason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English film actor (1909-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mason", + "George Mason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader from Virginia whose objections led to the drafting of the Bill of Rights (1725-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masoud", + "Ahmad Shah Masoud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Afghan leader of forces opposed to the Taliban; won fame by successfully resisting the Soviets in the 1980s; was assassinated by men posing as journalists (1953-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massasoit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Wampanoag leader who aided the Pilgrims (1580-1661)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massenet", + "Jules Emile Frederic Massenet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer best remembered for his pop operas (1842-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Massine", + "Leonide Fedorovitch Massine", + "Leonid Fyodorovich Myasin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French choreographer and ballet dancer (born in Russia) (1895-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Masters", + "Edgar Lee Masters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1869-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mata Hari", + "Margarete Gertrud Zelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch dancer who was executed by the French as a German spy in World War I (1876-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mathias", + "Bob Mathias", + "Robert Bruce Mathias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States athlete who won Olympic gold medals in the decathlon (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matisse", + "Henri Matisse", + "Henri Emile Benoit Matisse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter and sculptor; leading figure of fauvism (1869-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matthew", + "Saint Matthew", + "St. Matthew", + "Saint Matthew the Apostle", + "St. Matthew the Apostle", + "Levi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maugham", + "Somerset Maugham", + "W. Somerset Maugham", + "William Somerset Maugham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (born in France) of novels and short stories (1874-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauldin", + "Bill Mauldin", + "William Henry Mauldin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cartoonist noted for his drawings of soldiers in battle (1921-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maupassant", + "Guy de Maupassant", + "Henri Rene Albert Guy de Maupassant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer noted especially for his short stories (1850-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauriac", + "Francois Mauriac", + "Francois Charles Mauriac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist who wrote about the conflict between desire and religious belief (1885-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maurois", + "Andre Maurois", + "Emile Herzog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer best known for his biographies (1885-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mauser", + "von Mauser", + "P. P. von Mauser", + "Peter Paul Mauser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German arms manufacturer and inventor of a repeating rifle and pistol (1838-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxim", + "Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English inventor (born in the United States) who invented the Maxim gun that was used in World War I (1840-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maximian", + "Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus", + "Herculius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor from 286 until he abdicated in 305; when Diocletian divided the Roman Empire in 286 Maximian became emperor in the west (died in 311)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Maxwell", + "J. C. Maxwell", + "James Clerk Maxwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish physicist whose equations unified electricity and magnetism and who recognized the electromagnetic nature of light (1831-1879)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayakovski", + "Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet poet; leader of Russian futurism (1893-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayer", + "Louis B. Mayer", + "Louis Burt Mayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in Russia) who founded his own film company and later merged with Samuel Goldwyn (1885-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mayer", + "Marie Goeppert Mayer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Germany) noted for her research on the structure of the atom (1906-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mays", + "Willie Mays", + "Willie Howard Mays Jr.", + "Say Hey Kid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mazzini", + "Giuseppe Mazzini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCarthy", + "Joseph McCarthy", + "Joseph Raymond McCarthy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who unscrupulously accused many citizens of being Communists (1908-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCarthy", + "Mary McCarthy", + "Mary Therese McCarthy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States satirical novelist and literary critic (1912-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCartney", + "Paul McCartney", + "Sir James Paul McCartney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English rock star and bass guitarist and songwriter who with John Lennon wrote most of the music for the Beatles (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCauley", + "Mary McCauley", + "Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley", + "Molly Pitcher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heroine of the American Revolution who carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth Court House and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat (1754-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCormick", + "John McCormick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic tenor (born in Ireland) (1884-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCormick", + "Cyrus McCormick", + "Cyrus Hall McCormick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor and manufacturer of a mechanical harvester (1809-1884)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McCullers", + "Carson McCullers", + "Carson Smith McCullers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (1917-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McGraw", + "John McGraw", + "John Joseph McGraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player and manager (1873-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McGuffey", + "William Holmes McGuffey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who compiled the McGuffey Eclectic Readers (1800-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McKim", + "Charles Follen McKim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States neoclassical architect (1847-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McKinley", + "William McKinley", + "President McKinley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "25th President of the United States; was assassinated by an anarchist (1843-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McLuhan", + "Marshall McLuhan", + "Herbert Marshall McLuhan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian writer noted for his analyses of the mass media (1911-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McMaster", + "John Bach McMaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian who wrote a nine volume history of the people of the United States (1852-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "McPherson", + "Aimee Semple McPherson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States evangelist (born in Canada) noted for her extravagant religious services (1890-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mead", + "George Herbert Mead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States philosopher of pragmatism (1863-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mead", + "Margaret Mead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist noted for her claims about adolescence and sexual behavior in Polynesian cultures (1901-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meade", + "George Gordon Meade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general in charge of the Union troops at the Battle of Gettysburg (1815-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meade", + "James Edward Meade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist noted for his studies of international trade and finance (1907-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meany", + "George Meany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader who was the first president of the AFL-CIO (1894-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Medawar", + "Peter Medawar", + "Sir Peter Brian Medawar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British immunologist (born in Brazil) who studied tissue transplants and discovered that the rejection of grafts was an immune response (1915-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meiji Tenno", + "Mutsuhito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emperor of Japan who encouraged the modernization of Japan (1852-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meir", + "Golda Meir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli statesman (born in Russia) (1898-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meissner", + "Fritz W. Meissner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist (1882-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meissner", + "Georg Meissner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German anatomist (1829-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meitner", + "Lise Meitner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish physicist (born in Austria) who worked in the field of radiochemistry with Otto Hahn and formulated the concept of nuclear fission with Otto Frisch (1878-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melanchthon", + "Philipp Melanchthon", + "Philipp Schwarzerd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German theologian and Luther's successor as leader of the Reformation in Germany (1497-1560)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melba", + "Dame Nellie Melba", + "Helen Porter Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian operatic soprano (1861-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melchior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) one of the three sages from the east who came bearing gifts for the infant Jesus; usually represented as a king of Nubia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melchior", + "Lauritz Melchior", + "Lauritz Lebrecht Hommel Melchior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic tenor (born in Denmark) noted for his Wagnerian roles (1890-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mellon", + "Andrew Mellon", + "Andrew W. Mellon", + "Andrew William Mellon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier and philanthropist (1855-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melville", + "Herman Melville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of novels and short stories (1819-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comic dramatist of ancient Greece (342-292 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mencken", + "H. L. Mencken", + "Henry Louis Mencken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist and literary critic (1880-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendel", + "Gregor Mendel", + "Johann Mendel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science of genetics (1822-1884)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendeleyev", + "Mendeleev", + "Dmitri Mendeleyev", + "Dmitri Mendeleev", + "Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleyev", + "Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian chemist who developed a periodic table of the chemical elements and predicted the discovery of several new elements (1834-1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendelsohn", + "Erich Mendelsohn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German architect who migrated to Palestine in 1937 (1887-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mendelssohn", + "Felix Mendelssohn", + "Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German musician and romantic composer of orchestral and choral works (1809-1847)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meniere", + "Prosper Meniere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menninger", + "Charles Menninger", + "Charles Frederick Menninger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychiatrist who with his sons founded a famous psychiatric clinic in Topeka (1862-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menninger", + "Karl Menninger", + "Karl Augustus Menninger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1893-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menninger", + "William Menninger", + "William Claire Menninger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1899-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menotti", + "Gian Carlo Menotti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Italy) of operas (born in 1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menuhin", + "Yehudi Menuhin", + "Sir Yehudi Menuhin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British violinist (born in the United States) who began his career as a child prodigy in the 1920s (1916-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercator", + "Gerardus Mercator", + "Gerhard Kremer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Flemish geographer who lived in Germany; he invented the Mercator projection of maps of the globe (1512-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercer", + "John Mercer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British maker of printed calico cloth who invented mercerizing (1791-1866)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merckx", + "Eddy Merckx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian racing cyclist who won the Tour de France five times (born in 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mercouri", + "Melina Mercouri", + "Anna Amalia Mercouri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek film actress (1925-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meredith", + "George Meredith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English novelist and poet (1828-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meredith", + "James Meredith", + "James Howard Meredith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader whose college registration caused riots in traditionally segregated Mississippi (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mergenthaler", + "Ottmar Mergenthaler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor (born in Germany) of the Linotype machine (1854-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merlin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Arthurian legend) the magician who acted as King Arthur's advisor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merman", + "Ethel Merman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer who appeared in several musical comedies (1909-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merton", + "Robert Merton", + "Robert King Merton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sociologist (1910-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Merton", + "Thomas Merton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious and writer (1915-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesmer", + "Franz Anton Mesmer", + "Friedrich Anton Mesmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physician who tried to treat diseases with a form of hypnotism (1734-1815)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metchnikoff", + "Elie Metchnikoff", + "Metchnikov", + "Elie Metchnikov", + "Ilya Ilich Metchnikov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian bacteriologist in France who formulated the theory of phagocytosis (1845-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Methuselah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a patriarch (grandfather of Noah) who is said to have lived 969 years" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Metternich", + "Klemens Metternich", + "Prince Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar von Metternich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian statesman (1773-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meyerbeer", + "Giacomo Meyerbeer", + "Jakob Liebmann Beer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of operas in a style that influenced Richard Wagner (1791-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meyerhof", + "Otto Meyerhof", + "Otto Fritz Meyerhof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in Germany) who studied the metabolism of muscles (1884-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Micah", + "Micheas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minor Hebrew prophet (8th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michelangelo", + "Michelangelo Buonarroti" + ], + "it": [ + "Michelangelo", + "Michelangelo Buonarroti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine sculptor and painter and architect; one of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance (1475-1564)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michelson", + "A. A. Michelson", + "Albert Michelson", + "Albert Abraham Michelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Germany) who collaborated with Morley in the Michelson-Morley experiment (1852-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michener", + "James Michener", + "James Albert Michener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of historical novels (1907-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Middleton", + "Thomas Middleton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright and pamphleteer (1570-1627)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mies Van Der Rohe", + "Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in Germany) who built unornamented steel frame and glass skyscrapers (1886-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milhaud", + "Darius Milhaud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of works that combine jazz and polytonality and Brazilian music (1892-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mill", + "John Mill", + "John Stuart Mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher and economist remembered for his interpretations of empiricism and utilitarianism (1806-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mill", + "James Mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish philosopher who expounded Bentham's utilitarianism; father of John Stuart Mill (1773-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Millais", + "Sir John Everett Millais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Pre-Raphaelite painter (1829-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Millay", + "Edna Millay", + "Edna Saint Vincent Millay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1892-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miller", + "Arthur Miller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1915-2005)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miller", + "Henry Miller", + "Henry Valentine Miller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist whose novels were originally banned as pornographic (1891-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miller", + "Glenn Miller", + "Alton Glenn Miller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States bandleader of a popular big band (1909-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Millet", + "Jean Francois Millet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter of rural scenes (1814-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Millikan", + "Robert Andrews Millikan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who isolated the electron and measured its charge (1868-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mills", + "Robert Mills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milne", + "A. A. Milne", + "Alan Alexander Milne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of stories for children (1882-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miltiades" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian general who defeated the Persians at Marathon (540-489)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Milton", + "John Milton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet; remembered primarily as the author of an epic poem describing humanity's fall from grace (1608-1674)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minkowski", + "Hermann Minkowski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician (born in Russia) who suggested the concept of four-dimensional space-time (1864-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minuit", + "Peter Minuit", + "Minnewit", + "Peter Minnewit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch colonist who bought Manhattan from the Native Americans for the equivalent of $24 (1580-1638)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mirabeau", + "Comte de Mirabeau", + "Honore-Gabriel Victor Riqueti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French revolutionary who was prominent in the early days of the French Revolution (1749-1791)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Miro", + "Joan Miro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish surrealist painter (1893-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "Arthur Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer who formed the first Black classical ballet company (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "John Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States labor leader; president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1898 to 1908 (1870-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "Margaret Mitchell", + "Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for her novel about the South during the American Civil War (1900-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "Maria Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who studied sunspots and nebulae (1818-1889)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "William Mitchell", + "Billy Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviator and general who was an early advocate of military air power (1879-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchell", + "R. J. Mitchell", + "Reginald Joseph Mitchell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English aeronautical engineer (1895-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitchum", + "Robert Mitchum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (1917-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitford", + "Nancy Mitford", + "Nancy Freeman Mitford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of comic novels (1904-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitford", + "Jessica Mitford", + "Jessica Lucy Mitford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in England) who wrote on American culture (1917-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mithridates", + "Mithridates VI", + "Mithridates the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient king of Pontus who expanded his kingdom by defeating the Romans but was later driven out by Pompey (132-63 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mitterrand", + "Francois Mitterrand", + "Francois Maurice Marie Mitterrand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French statesman and president of France from 1981 to 1985 (1916-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mobius", + "August F. Mobius", + "August Ferdinand Mobius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician responsible for the Mobius strip (1790-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Modigliani", + "Amedeo Modigliano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter and sculptor (1884-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohammed", + "Mohammad", + "Muhammad", + "Mahomet", + "Mahound" + ], + "it": [ + "Maometto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Arab prophet who, according to Islam, was the last messenger of Allah (570-632)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohammed Ali", + "Mehemet Ali", + "Muhammad Ali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Albanian soldier in the service of Turkey who was made viceroy of Egypt and took control away from the Ottoman Empire and established Egypt as a modern state (1769-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mohorovicic", + "Andrija Mohorovicic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslav geophysicist for whom the Mohorovicic discontinuity was named (1857-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moliere", + "Jean-Baptiste Poquelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French author of sophisticated comedies (1622-1673)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molnar", + "Ferenc Molnar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Hungarian playwright (1878-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molotov", + "Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet statesman (1890-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mommsen", + "Theodor Mommsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German historian noted for his history of Rome (1817-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mondrian", + "Piet Mondrian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch painter whose work (intersecting lines at right angles and planes in primary colors) influenced the development of abstract art (1872-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monet", + "Claude Monet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French impressionist painter (1840-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monk", + "Thelonious Monk", + "Thelonious Sphere Monk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz pianist who was one of the founders of the bebop style (1917-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monnet", + "Jean Monnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French economist who advocated a Common Market in Europe (1888-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monod", + "Jacques Monod", + "Jacques Lucien Monod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French biochemist who (with Francois Jacob) explained how genes are activated and suggested the existence of messenger RNA (1910-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monroe", + "James Monroe", + "President Monroe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "5th President of the United States; author of the Monroe Doctrine (1758-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monroe", + "Marilyn Monroe", + "Norma Jean Baker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress noted for sex appeal (1926-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montagu", + "Ashley Montagu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist (born in England) who popularized anthropology (1905-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montaigne", + "Michel Montaigne", + "Michel Eyquem Montaigne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer regarded as the originator of the modern essay (1533-1592)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montespan", + "Marquise de Montespan", + "Francoise-Athenais de Rochechouart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French noblewoman who was mistress to Louis XIV until he became attracted to Madame de Maintenon (1641-1707)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montesquieu", + "Baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu", + "Charles Louis de Secondat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montessori", + "Maria Montesorri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian educator who developed a method of teaching mentally handicapped children and advocated a child-centered approach (1870-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monteverdi", + "Claudio Monteverdi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer (1567-1643)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montez", + "Lola Montez", + "Marie Dolores Eliza Rosanna Gilbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish dancer (1818-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montezuma II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Aztec emperor in Mexico who was overthrown and killed by Hernando Cortes (1466-1520)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montfort", + "Simon de Montfort", + "Earl of Leicester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English nobleman who led the baronial rebellion against Henry III (1208-1265)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgolfier", + "Josef Michel Montgolfier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French inventor who (with his brother Jacques Etienne Montgolfier) pioneered hot-air ballooning (1740-1810)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgolfier", + "Jacques Etienne Montgolfier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French inventor who (with his brother Josef Michel Montgolfier) pioneered hot-air ballooning (1745-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgomery", + "Bernard Law Montgomery", + "Sir Bernard Law Montgomery", + "1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English general during World War II; won victories over Rommel in North Africa and led British ground forces in the invasion of Normandy (1887-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montgomery", + "L. M. Montgomery", + "Lucy Maud Montgomery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian novelist (1874-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moody", + "Dwight Lyman Moody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States evangelist (1837-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moody", + "Helen Wills Moody", + "Helen Wills", + "Helen Newington Wills" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who dominated women's tennis in the 1920s and 1930s (1905-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moon", + "Sun Myung Moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious leader (born in Korea) who founded the Unification Church in 1954; was found guilty of conspiracy to evade taxes (born in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "Henry Moore", + "Henry Spencer Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British sculptor whose works are monumental organic forms (1898-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "Marianne Moore", + "Marianne Craig Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet noted for irony and wit (1887-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "Thomas Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish poet who wrote nostalgic and patriotic verse (1779-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "G. E. Moore", + "George Edward Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher (1873-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "Dudley Moore", + "Dudley Stuart John Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor and comedian who appeared on television and in films (born in 1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moore", + "Douglas Moore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer of works noted for their use of the American vernacular (1893-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "More", + "Thomas More", + "Sir Thomas More" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded; recalled for his concept of Utopia, the ideal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan", + "J. P. Morgan", + "John Pierpont Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier and philanthropist (1837-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan", + "Daniel Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soldier in the American Revolution who defeated the British in the battle of Cowpens, South Carolina (1736-1802)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan", + "Henry Morgan", + "Sir Henry Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Welsh buccaneer who raided Spanish colonies in the West Indies for the English (1635-1688)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan", + "Thomas Hunt Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biologist who formulated the chromosome theory of heredity (1866-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morgan", + "Lewis Henry Morgan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anthropologist who studied the Seneca (1818-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morley", + "E. W. Morley", + "Edward Morley", + "Edward Williams Morley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist and physicist who collaborated with Michelson in the Michelson-Morley experiment (1838-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mormon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ancient prophet whose writings were revealed to Joseph Smith who founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morris", + "Gouverneur Morris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States statesman who led the committee that produced the final draft of the United States Constitution (1752-1816)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morris", + "Robert Morris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the American Revolution who signed the Declaration of Independence and raised money for the Continental Army (1734-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morris", + "William Morris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and craftsman (1834-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morris", + "Esther Morris", + "Esther Hobart McQuigg Slack Morris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States suffragist in Wyoming (1814-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morrison", + "Toni Morrison", + "Chloe Anthony Wofford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose novels describe the lives of African-Americans (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morrison", + "Jim Morrison", + "James Douglas Morrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock singer (1943-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morse", + "Samuel Morse", + "Samuel F. B. Morse", + "Samuel Finley Breese Morse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States portrait painter who patented the telegraph and developed the Morse code (1791-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mortimer", + "Roger de Mortimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English nobleman who deposed Edward II and was executed by Edward III (1287-1330)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Morton", + "Jelly Roll Morton", + "Ferdinand Joseph La Menthe Morton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz musician who moved from ragtime to New Orleans jazz (1885-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mosander", + "Carl Gustaf Mossander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish chemist who discovered rare earth elements (1797-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moses" + ], + "it": [ + "Mosè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red sea on a journey known as the Exodus; Moses received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moses", + "Grandma Moses", + "Anna Mary Robertson Moses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter of colorful and primitive rural scenes (1860-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mossbauer", + "Rudolf Ludwig Mossbauer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Motherwell", + "Robert Motherwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abstract expressionist painter (1915-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mott", + "Lucretia Coffin Mott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist and suffragist (1793-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moynihan", + "Daniel Patrick Moynihan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and educator (1927-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mozart", + "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart" + ], + "it": [ + "Mozart", + "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific Austrian composer and child prodigy; master of the classical style in all its forms of his time (1756-1791)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mubarak", + "Hosni Mubarak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian statesman who became president in 1981 after Sadat was assassinated (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muhammad", + "Elijah Muhammad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of Black Muslims who campaigned for independence for Black Americans (1897-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muir", + "John Muir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States naturalist (born in England) who advocated the creation of national parks (1838-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mullah Omar", + "Mullah Mohammed Omar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reclusive Afghanistani politician and leader of the Taliban who imposed a strict interpretation of shariah law on Afghanistan (born in 1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Hermann Joseph Muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States geneticist who studied the effects of X-rays on genes (1890-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Max Muller", + "Friedrich Max Muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British philologist (born in Germany) who specialized in Sanskrit (1823-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Johann Muller", + "Regiomontanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician and astronomer (1436-1476)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Johannes Peter Muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physiologist and anatomist (1801-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Karl Alex Muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss physicist who studied superconductivity (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muller", + "Paul Hermann Muller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss chemist who synthesized DDT and discovered its use as an insecticide (1899-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munch", + "Edvard Munch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian painter (1863-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munchhausen", + "Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von Munchhausen", + "Munchausen", + "Baron Munchausen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German raconteur who told preposterous stories about his adventures as a soldier and hunter; his name is now associated with any telling of exaggerated stories or winning lies (1720-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Munro", + "H. H. Munro", + "Hector Hugh Munro", + "Saki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of short stories (1870-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murdoch", + "Iris Murdoch", + "Dame Jean Iris Murdoch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer (born in Ireland) known primarily for her novels (1919-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murdoch", + "Rupert Murdoch", + "Keith Rupert Murdoch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States publisher (born in Australia in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murray", + "James Murray", + "James Augustus Murray", + "James Augustus Henry Murray", + "Sir James Murray", + "Sir James Augustus Murray", + "Sir James Augustus Henry Murray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish philologist and the lexicographer who shaped the Oxford English Dictionary (1837-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murray", + "Gilbert Murray", + "George Gilbert Aime Murphy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murillo", + "Bartolome Esteban Murillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish painter (1617-1682)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Murrow", + "Edward R. Murrow", + "Edward Roscoe Murrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States broadcast journalist remembered for his reports from London during World War II (1908-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musial", + "Stan Musial", + "Stanley Frank Musial", + "Stan the Man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player (born in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Musset", + "Alfred de Musset", + "Louis Charles Alfred de Musset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet and writer (1810-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mussolini", + "Benito Mussolini", + "Il Duce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian fascist dictator (1883-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mussorgsky", + "Moussorgsky", + "Modest Mussorgsky", + "Modest Moussorgsky", + "Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky", + "Modest Petrovich Moussorgsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer of operas and orchestral works (1839-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Muybridge", + "Eadweard Muybridge", + "Edward James Muggeridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States motion-picture pioneer remembered for his pictures of running horses taken with a series of still cameras (born in England) (1830-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrdal", + "Gunnar Myrdal", + "Karl Gunnar Myrdal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish economist (1898-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nabokov", + "Vladimir Nabokov", + "Vladimir vladimirovich Nabokov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Russia) (1899-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nahum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet of the 7th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naismith", + "James Naismith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator (born in Canada) who invented the game of basketball (1861-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nanak", + "Guru Nanak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian religious leader who founded Sikhism in dissent from the caste system of Hinduism; he taught that all men had a right to search for knowledge of God and that spiritual liberation could be attained by meditating on the name of God (1469-1538)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nansen", + "Fridtjof Nansen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian explorer of the Arctic and director of the League of Nations relief program for refugees of World War I (1861-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Naomi", + "Noemi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mother-in-law of Ruth whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napier", + "John Napier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish mathematician who invented logarithms; introduced the use of the decimal point in writing numbers (1550-1617)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napoleon", + "Napoleon I", + "Napoleon Bonaparte", + "Bonaparte", + "Little Corporal" + ], + "it": [ + "Napoleone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Napoleon III", + "Emperor Napoleon III", + "Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nephew of Napoleon I and emperor of the French from 1852 to 1871 (1808-1873)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nash", + "Ogden Nash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his droll epigrams (1902-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nasser", + "Gamal Abdel Nasser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian statesman who nationalized the Suez Canal (1918-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nast", + "Thomas Nast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States political cartoonist (1840-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nation", + "Carry Nation", + "Carry Amelia Moore Nation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Natta", + "Giulio Natta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian chemist noted for work on polymers (1903-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanchez", + "Ilich Sanchez", + "Ilich Ramirez Sanchez", + "Carlos", + "Carlos the Jackal", + "Salim", + "Andres Martinez", + "Taurus", + "Glen Gebhard", + "Hector Hevodidbon", + "Michael Assat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Venezuelan master terrorist raised by a Marxist-Leninist father; trained and worked with many terrorist groups (born in 1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Navratilova", + "Martina Navratilova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player (born in Czechoslovakia) who won nine Wimbledon women's singles championships (born in 1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nazimova", + "Alla Nazimova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress (born in Russia) (1879-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nebuchadnezzar", + "Nebuchadnezzar II", + "Nebuchadrezzar", + "Nebuchadrezzar II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) king of Chaldea who captured and destroyed Jerusalem and exiled the Israelites to Babylonia (630?-562 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicholas V", + "Tomasso Parentucelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1447 to 1455 who founded the Vatican library (1397-1455)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nimrod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a famous hunter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neel", + "Louis Eugene Felix Neel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist noted for research on magnetism (born in 1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nefertiti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of Egypt and wife of Akhenaton (14th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nehru", + "Jawaharlal Nehru" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian statesman and leader with Gandhi in the struggle for home rule; was the first prime minister of the Republic of India from 1947 to 1964 (1889-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nelson", + "Horatio Nelson", + "Viscount Nelson", + "Admiral Nelson", + "Lord Nelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English admiral who defeated the French fleets of Napoleon but was mortally wounded at Trafalgar (1758-1805)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nernst", + "Walther Hermann Nernst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist and chemist who formulated the third law of thermodynamics (1864-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nero", + "Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus", + "Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Neruda", + "Pablo Neruda", + "Reyes", + "Neftali Ricardo Reyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chilean poet (1904-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nervi", + "Pier Luigi Nervi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian architect who pioneered in the use of reinforced concrete (1891-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nerva", + "Marcus Cocceius Nerva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome who introduced a degree of freedom after the repressive reign of Domitian; adopted Trajan as his successor (30-98)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a wise old counselor to the Greeks at Troy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nestorius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Syrian who was a Christian bishop and Patriarch of Constantinople in the early fifth century; one of the major heresies concerning the doctrine of the hypostasis of Christ was named after him (died in 451)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nevelson", + "Louise Nevelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (born in Russia) known for massive shapes of painted wood (1899-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newcomb", + "Simon Newcomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer (1835-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newman", + "John Henry Newman", + "Cardinal Newman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English prelate and theologian who (with John Keble and Edward Pusey) founded the Oxford movement; Newman later turned to Roman Catholicism and became a cardinal (1801-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newman", + "Paul Newman", + "Paul Leonard Newman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Newton", + "Isaac Newton", + "Sir Isaac Newton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English mathematician and physicist; remembered for developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and his three laws of motion (1642-1727)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ney", + "Michel Ney", + "Duc d'Elchingen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French marshal in the Napoleonic Wars (1769-1815)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicholas", + "Saint Nicholas", + "St. Nicholas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicholas I", + "Czar Nicholas I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "czar of Russia from 1825 to 1855 who led Russia into the Crimean War (1796-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicholas II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last czar of Russia who was forced to abdicate in 1917 by the Russian Revolution; he and his family were executed by the Bolsheviks (1868-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicklaus", + "Jack Nicklaus", + "Jack William Nicklaus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer considered by many to be the greatest golfer of all time (born in 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nicolson", + "Harold Nicolson", + "Sir Harold George Nicolson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English diplomat and author (1886-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niebuhr", + "Barthold George Niebuhr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German historian noted for his critical approach to sources and for his history of Rome (1776-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Niebuhr", + "Reinhold Niebuhr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Protestant theologian (1892-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nielsen", + "Carl Nielsen", + "Carl August Nielsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish composer (1865-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nietzsche", + "Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influential German philosopher remembered for his concept of the superman and for his rejection of Christian values; considered, along with Kierkegaard, to be a founder of existentialism (1844-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nightingale", + "Florence Nightingale", + "Lady with the Lamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English nurse remembered for her work during the Crimean War (1820-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nijinsky", + "Vaslav Nijinsky", + "Waslaw Nijinsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian dancer considered by many to be the greatest dancer of the 20th century (1890-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nilsson", + "Brigit Nilsson", + "Marta Brigit Nilsson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish operatic soprano who played Wagnerian roles (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nimitz", + "Chester Nimitz", + "Chester William Nimitz", + "Admiral Nimitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States admiral of the Pacific fleet during World War II who used aircraft carriers to destroy the Japanese navy (1885-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nixon", + "Richard Nixon", + "Richard M. Nixon", + "Richard Milhous Nixon", + "President Nixon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vice president under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States; resigned after the Watergate scandal in 1974 (1913-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noah" + ], + "it": [ + "Noè" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Hebrew patriarch who saved himself and his family and the animals by building an ark in which they survived 40 days and 40 nights of rain; the story of Noah and the flood is told in the Book of Genesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nobel", + "Alfred Nobel", + "Alfred Bernhard Nobel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish chemist remembered for his invention of dynamite and for the bequest that created the Nobel prizes (1833-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noether", + "Emmy Noether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German mathematician (1882-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noguchi", + "Hideyo Noguchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States bacteriologist (born in Japan) who discovered the cause of yellow fever and syphilis (1876-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noguchi", + "Isamu Noguchi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (1904-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman", + "Greg Norman", + "Gregory John Norman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian golfer (born in 1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norman", + "Jessye Norman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norris", + "Frank Norris", + "Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1870-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norrish", + "Ronald George Wreyford Norrish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist (1897-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North", + "Frederick North", + "Second Earl of Guilford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British statesman under George III whose policies led to rebellion in the American colonies (1732-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Northrop", + "John Howard Northrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (1891-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nostradamus", + "Michel de Notredame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French astrologer who wrote cryptic predictions whose interpretations are still being debated (1503-1566)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noyes", + "Alfred Noyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1880-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuffield", + "William Richard Morris", + "First Viscount Nuffield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British industrialist who manufactured automobiles and created a philanthropic foundation (1877-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nureyev", + "Rudolf Nureyev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian dancer who was often the partner of Dame Margot Fonteyn and who defected to the United States in 1961 (born in 1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oakley", + "Annie Oakley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sharpshooter who was featured in Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show (1860-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oates", + "Joyce Carol Oates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oates", + "Titus Oates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English conspirator who claimed that there was a Jesuit plot to assassinate Charles II (1649-1705)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Obadiah", + "Abdias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Brien", + "Edna O'Brien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer (born in 1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Casey", + "Sean O'Casey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish playwright (1880-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Occam", + "William of Occam", + "Ockham", + "William of Ockham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English scholastic philosopher and assumed author of Occam's Razor (1285-1349)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochoa", + "Severo Ochoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in Spain) who studied the biological synthesis of nucleic acids (1905-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ochs", + "Adolph Simon Ochs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States newspaper publisher (1858-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Connor", + "Flannery O'Connor", + "Mary Flannery O'Connor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1925-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odets", + "Clifford Odets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1906-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Odoacer", + "Odovacar", + "Odovakar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Germanic barbarian leader who ended the Western Roman Empire in 476 and became the first barbarian ruler of Italy (434-493)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oersted", + "Hans Christian Oersted" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish physicist (1777-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Offenbach", + "Jacques Offenbach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of many operettas and an opera (1819-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Flaherty", + "Liam O'Flaherty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer of short stories (1896-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ogden", + "C. K. Ogden", + "Charles Kay Ogden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English psychologist who collaborated with I. A. Richards in designing Basic English (1889-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Hara", + "John Henry O'Hara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1905-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ohm", + "Georg Simon Ohm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who formulated Ohm's law (1787-1854)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Keeffe", + "Georgia Okeeffe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (1887-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oken", + "Lorenz Oken", + "Okenfuss", + "Lorenz Okenfuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German naturalist whose speculations that plants and animals are made up of tiny living `infusoria' led to the cell theory (1779-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olaf II", + "Olav II", + "Saint Olaf", + "Saint Olav", + "St. Olaf", + "St. Olav" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King and patron saint of Norway (995-1030)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oldenburg", + "Claes Oldenburg", + "Claes Thure Oldenburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (born in Sweden); a leader of the pop art movement who was noted for giant sculptures of common objects (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oldfield", + "Barney Oldfield", + "Berna Eli Oldfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States race driver who was the first to drive faster than a mile a minute (1878-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oliver", + "Joseph Oliver", + "King Oliver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz musician who influenced the style of Louis Armstrong (1885-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olivier", + "Laurence Olivier", + "Sir Laurence Kerr Olivier", + "Baron Olivier of Birghton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor best know for his Shakespearean roles (1907-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Olmsted", + "Frederick Law Olmsted" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States landscape architect primarily responsible for the design of Central Park in New York City (1822-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Omar Khayyam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Persian poet and mathematician and astronomer whose poetry was popularized by Edward Fitzgerald's translation (1050-1123)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ondaatje", + "Michael Ondaatje", + "Philip Michael Ondaatje" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian writer (born in Sri Lanka in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Neill", + "Eugene O'Neill", + "Eugene Gladstone O'Neill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1888-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ono", + "Yoko Ono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States musician (born in Japan) who married John Lennon and collaborated with him on recordings (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Onsager", + "Lars Onsager" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist (born in Norway) noted for his work in thermodynamics (1903-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oort", + "Jan Hendrix Oort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch astronomer who proved that the galaxy is rotating and proposed the existence of the Oort cloud (1900-1992)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opel", + "Wilhelm von Opel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German industrialist who was the first in Germany to use an assembly line in manufacturing automobiles (1871-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oppenheimer", + "Robert Oppenheimer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who directed the project at Los Alamos that developed the first atomic bomb (1904-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orbison", + "Roy Orbison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer and rockabilly tenor popular in the 1950s (1936-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orczy", + "Baroness Emmusca Orczy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer (born in Hungary) (1865-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orff", + "Carl Orff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German musician who developed a widely used system for teaching music to children (1895-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Origen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher and theologian who reinterpreted Christian doctrine through the philosophy of Neoplatonism; his work was later condemned as unorthodox (185-254)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ormandy", + "Eugene Ormandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor (born in Hungary) (1899-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orozco", + "Jose Orozco", + "Jose Clemente Orozco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican painter noted for his monumental murals (1883-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orr", + "Bobby Orr", + "Robert Orr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian hockey player (born 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ortega", + "Daniel Ortega", + "Daniel Ortega Saavedra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Nicaraguan statesman (born in 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ortega y Gasset", + "Jose Ortega y Gasset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish philosopher who advocated leadership by an intellectual elite (1883-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orwell", + "George Orwell", + "Eric Blair", + "Eric Arthur Blair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imaginative British writer concerned with social justice (1903-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osborne", + "John Osborne", + "John James Osborne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright (1929-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Osman I", + "Othman I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the conqueror of Turkey who founded the Ottoman Empire and the Ottoman dynasty that ruled Turkey after the 13th century; conquered most of Asia Minor and assumed the title of emir in 1299 (1259-1326)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ostwald", + "Wilhelm Ostwald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist (1853-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oswald", + "Lee Harvey Oswald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States assassin of President John F. Kennedy (1939-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otis", + "Elisha Graves Otis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who manufactured the first elevator with a safety device (1811-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "O'Toole", + "Peter O'Toole", + "Peter Seamus O'Toole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British actor (born in Ireland in 1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Otto I", + "Otho I", + "Otto the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (912-973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ovid", + "Publius Ovidius Naso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman poet remembered for his elegiac verses on love (43 BC - AD 17)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Owen", + "Sir Richard Owen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English comparative anatomist and paleontologist who was an opponent of Darwinism (1804-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Owen", + "Robert Owen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Owens", + "Jesse Owens", + "James Cleveland Owens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States athlete and Black American whose success in the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin outraged Hitler (1913-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ozawa", + "Seiji Ozawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor (born in Japan in 1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paderewski", + "Ignace Paderewski", + "Ignace Jan Paderewski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish pianist who in 1919 served as the first Prime Minister of independent Poland (1860-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paganini", + "Niccolo Paganini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian violinist and composer of music for the violin (1782-1840)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Page", + "Thomas Nelson Page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States diplomat and writer about the Old South (1853-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Page", + "Sir Frederick Handley Page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English industrialist who pioneered in the design and manufacture of aircraft (1885-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paget", + "Sir James Paget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English pathologist who discovered the cause of trichinosis (1814-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pahlavi", + "Mohammed Reza Pahlavi", + "Shah Pahlavi", + "Pahlevi", + "Mohammed Reza Pahlevi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Shah of Iran who was deposed in 1979 by Islamic fundamentalists (1919-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paige", + "Satchel Paige", + "Leroy Robert Paige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player; a black pitcher noted for his longevity (1906-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paine", + "Tom Paine", + "Thomas Paine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paine", + "Robert Treat Paine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1731-1814)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palestrina", + "Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer (1526-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palgrave", + "Francis Turner Palgrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1824-1897)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palladio", + "Andrea Palladio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly original and much imitated Italian architect (1508-1580)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Palmer", + "Arnold Palmer", + "Arnold Daniel Palmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian grammarian whose grammatical rules for Sanskrit are the first known example of descriptive linguistics (circa 400 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panofsky", + "Erwin Panofsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "art historian (1892-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paracelsus", + "Philippus Aureolus Paracelsus", + "Theophrastus Philippus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss physician who introduced treatments of particular illnesses based on his observation and experience; he saw illness as having an external cause (rather than an imbalance of humors) and replaced traditional remedies with chemical remedies (1493-1541)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pareto", + "Vilfredo Pareto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian sociologist and economist whose theories influenced the development of fascism in Italy (1848-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Park", + "Mungo Park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish explorer in Africa (1771-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parker", + "Dorothy Parker", + "Dorothy Rothschild Parker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for her sharp wit (1893-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parker", + "Charlie Parker", + "Yardbird Parker", + "Bird Parker", + "Charles Christopher Parker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States saxophonist and leader of the bop style of jazz (1920-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkinson", + "C. Northcote Parkinson", + "Cyril Northcote Parkinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British historian noted for ridicule of bureaucracies (1909-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkinson", + "James Parkinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English surgeon (1755-1824)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parks", + "Rosa Parks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national Civil Rights movement (born in 1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parmenides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Greek philosopher born in Italy; held the metaphysical view that being is the basic substance and ultimate reality of which all things are composed; said that motion and change are sensory illusions (5th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parnell", + "Charles Stewart Parnell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish nationalist leader (1846-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parr", + "Catherine Parr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England as the 6th wife of Henry VIII (1512-1548)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parrish", + "Maxfield Parrish", + "Maxfield Frederick Parrish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (1870-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parsons", + "Talcott Parsons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sociologist (1902-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pascal", + "Blaise Pascal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist; invented an adding machine; contributed (with Fermat) to the theory of probability (1623-1662)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasternak", + "Boris Pasternak", + "Boris Leonidovich Pasternak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian writer whose best known novel was banned by Soviet authorities but translated and published abroad (1890-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pasteur", + "Louis Pasteur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization (1822-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paterson", + "William Patterson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader (born in Ireland) who was a member of the Constitutional Convention (1745-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paton", + "Alan Paton", + "Alan Stewart Paton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African writer (1903-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Patrick", + "Saint Patrick", + "St. Patrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paul", + "Saint Paul", + "St. Paul", + "Apostle Paul", + "Paul the Apostle", + "Apostle of the Gentiles", + "Saul", + "Saul of Tarsus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paul III", + "Alessandro Farnese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1534 to 1549 who excommunicated Henry VIII of England in 1538 and initiated the Council of Trent in 1545; was active in the Counter Reformation and promoted the Society of Jesus for this purpose (1468-1549)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paul VI", + "Giovanni Battista Montini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1963 to 1978 who eased restrictions on fasting and on interfaith marriages (1897-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paul", + "Alice Paul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist (1885-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pauli", + "Wolfgang Pauli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Austria) who proposed the exclusion principle (thus providing a theoretical basis for the periodic table) (1900-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pauling", + "Linus Pauling", + "Linus Carl Pauling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who studied the nature of chemical bonding (1901-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pavarotti", + "Luciano Pavarotti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian tenor (born in 1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pavlov", + "Ivan Pavlov", + "Ivan Petrovich Pavlov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pavlova", + "Anna Pavlova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian ballerina (1882-1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paxton", + "Joseph Paxton", + "Sir Joseph Paxton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect (1801-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peabody", + "Elizabeth Peabody", + "Elizabeth Palmer Peabody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educator who founded the first kindergarten in the United States (1804-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peary", + "Robert Peary", + "Robert E. Peary", + "Robert Edwin Peary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Arctic explorer and United States naval officer who has been regarded as the first man to reach the North Pole (1856-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peel", + "Robert Peel", + "Sir Robert Peel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British politician (1788-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pei", + "I. M. Pei", + "Ieoh Ming Pei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in China in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peirce", + "Charles Peirce", + "Charles Sanders Peirce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States philosopher and logician; pioneer of pragmatism (1839-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peirce", + "Benjamin Peirce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician and astronomer remembered for his studies of Uranus and Saturn and Neptune (1809-1880)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pelagius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British or Irish monk who denied the doctrines of original sin and predestination and defended human goodness and free will; his views were declared heretical by the Council of Ephesus in 431 (circa 360-418)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Penn", + "William Penn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pepin", + "Pepin III", + "Pepin the Short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of the Franks and father of Charlemagne who defended papal interests and founded the Carolingian dynasty in 751 (714-768)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pepys", + "Samuel Pepys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English diarist whose diary contained detailed descriptions of 17th century disasters in England (1633-1703)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percy", + "Sir Henry Percy", + "Hotspur", + "Harry Hotspur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English soldier killed in a rebellion against Henry IV (1364-1403)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Percy", + "Walker Percy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose novels explored human alienation (1916-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pericles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athens' political and cultural supremacy in Greece; he ordered the construction of the Parthenon (died in 429 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peron", + "Juan Domingo Peron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Argentine soldier who became president of Argentina (1895-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perry", + "Oliver Hazard Perry", + "Commodore Perry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry (1785-1819)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perry", + "Matthew Calbraith Perry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States admiral who led a naval expedition to Japan and signed a treaty in 1854 opening up trade relations between United States and Japan; brother of Oliver Hazard Perry (1794-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perry", + "Ralph Barton Perry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States philosopher (1876-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pershing", + "John Joseph Pershing", + "Black Jack Pershing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who commanded the American forces in Europe during World War I (1860-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Perutz", + "Max Perutz", + "Max Ferdinand Perutz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist (born in Austria); studied the molecular structure of blood (1914-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peter", + "Simon Peter", + "Saint Peter", + "St. Peter", + "Saint Peter the Apostle", + "St. Peter the Apostle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peter I", + "Czar Peter I", + "Peter the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petrarch", + "Petrarca", + "Francesco Petrarca" + ], + "it": [ + "Petrarca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petronius", + "Gaius Petronius", + "Petronius Arbiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman satirist (died in 66)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phidias", + "Pheidias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek sculptor (circa 500-432 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(New Testament) a Christian (probably living in Colossae) whose slave escaped and went to see Saint Paul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) a simple countryman who offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes when they came to earth without revealing their identities in order to test people's piety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip", + "Prince Philip", + "Duke of Edinburgh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip II", + "Philip II of Spain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip II", + "Philip II of Macedon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip II", + "Philip Augustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip V" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of ancient Macedonia whose confrontations with the Romans led to his defeat and his loss of control over Greece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Philip VI", + "Philip of Valois" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of France who founded the Valois dynasty; his dispute with Edward III over his succession led to the Hundred Years' War (1293-1350)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phintias", + "Pythias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "friend of Damon; Phintias (according to legend) was condemned to death by Dionysius the Elder and asked a respite to put his affairs in order; Damon pledged his life for the return of his friend; when Phintias returned in time the tyrant released them both (4th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Photius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Patriarch of Constantinople and saint of the Greek Orthodox Church; was condemned by the Fourth Council of Constantinople in 869 but was reinstated by a later pope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piaf", + "Edith Piaf", + "Edith Giovanna Gassion", + "Little Sparrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French cabaret singer (1915-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piaget", + "Jean Piaget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss psychologist remembered for his studies of cognitive development in children (1896-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pickett", + "George Edward Pickett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Confederate general known for leading a disastrous charge at Gettysburg (1825-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pickford", + "Mary Pickford", + "Gladys Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (born in Canada) who starred in silent films (1893-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pierce", + "Franklin Pierce", + "President Pierce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "14th President of the United States (1804-1869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picasso", + "Pablo Picasso" + ], + "it": [ + "Picasso", + "Pablo Picasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific and influential Spanish artist who lived in France (1881-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pilate", + "Pontius Pilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pincus", + "Gregory Pincus", + "Gregory Goodwin Pincus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sexual physiologist whose hunch that progesterone could block ovulation led to the development of the oral contraceptive pill (1903-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pindar" + ], + "it": [ + "Pindaro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek lyric poet remembered for his odes (518?-438? BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinter", + "Harold Pinter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English dramatist whose plays are characterized by silences and the use of inaction (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pirandello", + "Luigi Pirandello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian novelist and playwright (1867-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piston", + "Walter Piston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitman", + "Sir Isaac Pitman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English educator who invented a system of phonetic shorthand (1813-1897)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitot", + "Henri Pitot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist for whom the Pitot tube was named (1695-1771)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitt", + "William Pitt", + "First Earl of Chatham", + "Pitt the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitt", + "William Pitt", + "Second Earl of Chatham", + "Pitt the Younger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman and son of Pitt the Elder (1759-1806)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pitt", + "George Pitt", + "George Dibdin Pitt", + "George Dibdin-Pitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius II", + "Aeneas Silvius", + "Enea Silvio Piccolomini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius V", + "Antonio Ghislieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1566 to 1572 who led the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church; he excommunicated Elizabeth I (1504-1572)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius VI", + "Giovanni Angelo Braschi", + "Giannangelo Braschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius VII", + "Barnaba Chiaramonti", + "Luigi Barnaba Gregorio Chiaramonti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius IX", + "Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti", + "Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius X", + "Giuseppe Sarto", + "Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius XI", + "Achille Ratti", + "Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pius XII", + "Eugenio Pacelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pope who maintained neutrality during World War II and was later criticized for not aiding the Jews who were persecuted by Hitler (1876-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pizarro", + "Francisco Pizarro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Planck", + "Max Planck", + "Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist whose explanation of blackbody radiation in the context of quantized energy emissions initiated quantum theory (1858-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plath", + "Sylvia Plath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and poet (1932-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plato" + ], + "it": [ + "Platone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plautus", + "Titus Maccius Plautus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comic dramatist of ancient Rome (253?-184 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pliny", + "Pliny the Elder", + "Gaius Plinius Secundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman author of an encyclopedic natural history; died while observing the eruption of Vesuvius (23-79)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pliny", + "Pliny the Younger", + "Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plotinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman philosopher (born in Egypt) who was the leading representative of Neoplatonism (205-270)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plutarch" + ], + "it": [ + "Plutarco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek biographer who wrote Parallel Lives (46?-120 AD)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pocahontas", + "Matoaka", + "Rebecca Rolfe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith's life (1595-1617)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poe", + "Edgar Allan Poe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and poet (1809-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poitier", + "Sidney Poitier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor and director (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polk", + "James Polk", + "James K. Polk", + "James Knox Polk", + "President Polk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pollack", + "Sydney Pollack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pollock", + "Jackson Pollock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist famous for painting with a drip technique; a leader of abstract expressionism in America (1912-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polo", + "Marco Polo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polycarp", + "Saint Polycarp", + "St. Polycarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek bishop of Smyrna who refused to recant his Christian faith and was burned to death by pagans (circa 69-155)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pompadour", + "Marquise de Pompadour", + "Jeanne Antoinette Poisson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French noblewoman who was the lover of Louis XV, whose policies she influenced (1721-1764)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pompey", + "Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus", + "Pompey the Great" + ], + "it": [ + "Pompeo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ponce de Leon", + "Juan Ponce de Leon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish explorer who accompanied Columbus on his second trip in 1493; in 1513 he discovered Florida while searching for the legendary Fountain of Youth (1460-1521)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pons", + "Lily Pons", + "Alice-Josephine Pons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States coloratura soprano (born in France) (1904-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ponselle", + "Rosa Ponselle", + "Rosa Melba Ponselle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States soprano (1897-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pontiac" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "famous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pope", + "Alexander Pope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and satirist (1688-1744)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Popper", + "Karl Popper", + "Sir Karl Raimund Popper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porter", + "William Sydney Porter", + "O. Henry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of short stories whose pen name was O. Henry (1862-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porter", + "Cole Porter", + "Cole Albert Porter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer and lyricist of musical comedies (1891-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Porter", + "Katherine Anne Porter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of novels and short stories (1890-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Post", + "C. W. Post", + "Charles William Post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Post", + "Emily Post", + "Emily Price Post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Post", + "Wiley Post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviator who in 1933 made the first solo flight around the world (1899-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Potemkin", + "Potyokin", + "Grigori Potemkin", + "Grigori Potyokin", + "Grigori Aleksandrovich Potemkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poulenc", + "Francis Poulenc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pianist and composer (1899-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pound", + "Ezra Pound", + "Ezra Loomis Pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Poussin", + "Nicolas Poussin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter in the classical style (1594-1665)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powell", + "Cecil Frank Powell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist who discovered the pion (the first known meson) which is a subatomic particle involved in holding the nucleus together (1903-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powell", + "Colin Powell", + "Colin luther Powell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powhatan", + "Wahunsonacock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia; father of Pocahontas (1550?-1618)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powys", + "John Cowper Powys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of novels about nature; one of three literary brothers (1872-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powys", + "Theodore Francis Powys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of allegorical novels; one of three literary brothers (1875-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Powys", + "Llewelyn Powys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of essays; one of three literary brothers (1884-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Presley", + "Elvis Presley", + "Elvis Aron Presley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priam" + ], + "it": [ + "Priamo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Greek mythology) the last king of Troy; father of Hector and Paris and Cassandra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Price", + "Leontyne Price", + "Mary Leontyne Price" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic soprano (born 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Priestley", + "Joseph Priestley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prokhorov", + "Aleksandr Prokhorov", + "Aleksandr Mikjailovich Prokhorov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian physicist whose research into ways of moving electrons around atoms led to the development of masers and lasers for producing high-intensity radiation (1916-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prokofiev", + "Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer of ballets and symphonies and operas (1891-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proudhon", + "Pierre Joseph Proudhon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French socialist who argued that property is theft (1809-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Proust", + "Marcel Proust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist (1871-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptolemy", + "Claudius Ptolemaeus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Alexandrian astronomer (of the 2nd century) who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until the late Renaissance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptolemy I" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the king of Egypt who founded the Macedonian dynasty in Egypt; a close friend and general of Alexander the Great who took charge of Egypt after Alexander died (circa 367-285 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ptolemy II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Ptolemy I and king of Egypt who was said to be responsible for the Septuagint (circa 309-247 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Puccini", + "Giacomo Puccini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian operatic composer noted for the dramatic realism of his operas (1858-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pugin", + "Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect who played a prominent role in the 19th century revival of Gothic architecture (1812-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulitzer", + "Joseph Pulitzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States newspaper publisher (born in Hungary) who established the Pulitzer prizes (1847-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purcell", + "Henry Purcell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English organist at Westminster Abbey and composer of many theatrical pieces (1659-1695)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Purkinje", + "Jan Evangelista Purkinje", + "Johannes Evangelista Purkinje" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Bohemian physiologist remembered for his discovery of Purkinje cells and the Purkinje network (1787-1869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pusey", + "Edward Pusey", + "Edward Bouverie Pusey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English theologian who (with John Henry Newman and John Keble) founded the Oxford movement (1800-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pushkin", + "Alexander Pushkin", + "Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian poet (1799-1837)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Putin", + "Vladimir Putin", + "Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian statesman chosen as president of the Russian Federation in 2000; formerly director of the Federal Security Bureau (born in 1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyle", + "Howard Pyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and illustrator of children's books (1853-1911)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pynchon", + "Thomas Pynchon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of pessimistic novels about life in a technologically advanced society (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pyrrhus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Epirus; defeated the Romans in two battles in spite of staggering losses (319-272 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pythagoras" + ], + "it": [ + "Pitagora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qaddafi", + "Qadhafi", + "Khadafy", + "Gaddafi", + "Muammar al-Qaddafi", + "Muammar el-Qaddafi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Qin Shi Huang Ti", + "Ch'in Shih Huang Ti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the first Qin emperor who unified China, built much of the Great Wall, standardized weights and measures, and created a common currency and legal system (died 210 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quincy", + "Josiah Quincy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American patriot who presented the colonists' grievances to the English king (1744-1775)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Quine", + "W. V. Quine", + "Willard Van Orman Quine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rabelais", + "Francois Rabelais" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "author of satirical attacks on medieval scholasticism (1494-1553)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rachel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the second wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rachmaninoff", + "Sergei Rachmaninoff", + "Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff", + "Rachmaninov", + "Sergei Rachmaninov", + "Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Racine", + "Jean Racine", + "Jean Baptiste Racine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French advocate of Jansenism; tragedian who based his works on Greek and Roman themes (1639-1699)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Radhakrishnan", + "Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan", + "Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raffles", + "Sir Thomas Raffles", + "Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rain-in-the-Face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chief of the Sioux; he was with Sitting Bull and others at the Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) when General Custer's troops were massacred (1835-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raleigh", + "Walter Raleigh", + "Sir Walter Raleigh", + "Ralegh", + "Walter Ralegh", + "Sir Walter Ralegh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rameau", + "Jean-Philippe Rameau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer of operas whose writings laid the foundation for the modern theory of harmony (1683-1764)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rameses", + "Ramesses", + "Ramses" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rameses II", + "Ramesses II", + "Ramses II", + "Rameses the Great", + "Ramesses the Great", + "Ramses the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ramon y Cajal", + "Santiago Ramon y Cajal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish histologist noted for his work on the structure of the nervous system (1852-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rand", + "Ayn Rand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Russia) noted for her polemical novels and political conservativism (1905-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rankin", + "Jeannette Rankin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader in the women's suffrage movement in Montana; the first woman to serve in the United States House of Representatives (1880-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphael", + "Raffaello Santi", + "Raffaello Sanzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter whose many paintings exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance (1483-1520)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rask", + "Rasmus Christian Rask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish philologist whose work on Old Norse pioneered in the field of comparative linguistics (1787-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rasmussen", + "Kund Johan Victor Rasmussen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish ethnologist and Arctic explorer; led expeditions into the Arctic to find support for his theory that Eskimos and North American Indians originally migrated from Asia (1879-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rasputin", + "Grigori Efimovich Rasputin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II; was assassinated by Russian noblemen who feared that his debauchery would weaken the monarchy (1872-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rattigan", + "Terence Rattigan", + "Sir Terence Mervyn Rattigan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British playwright (1911-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ravel", + "Maurice Ravel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer and exponent of Impressionism (1875-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rayleigh", + "Third Baron Rayleigh", + "Lord Rayleigh", + "John William Strutt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist who studied the density of gases and discovered argon; made important contributions to acoustic theory (1842-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reagan", + "Ronald Reagan", + "Ronald Wilson Reagan", + "President Reagan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "40th President of the United States (1911-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reaumur", + "Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French physicist who invented the alcohol thermometer (1683-1757)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rebecca", + "Rebekah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) wife of Isaac and mother of Jacob and Esau" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Red Cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leader of the Oglala who resisted the development of a trail through Wyoming and Montana by the United States government (1822-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Redford", + "Robert Redford", + "Charles Robert Redford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor and filmmaker who starred with Paul Newman in several films (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reed", + "Walter Reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reed", + "John Reed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist who reported on the October Revolution from Petrograd in 1917; founded the Communist Labor Party in America in 1919; is buried in the Kremlin in Moscow (1887-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rehnquist", + "William Rehnquist", + "William Hubbs Rehnquist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served as an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court from 1972 until 1986, when he was appointed chief justice (born in 1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reich", + "Steve Reich", + "Stephen Michael Reich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reich", + "Wilhelm Reich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reichstein", + "Tadeus Reichstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Swiss chemist born in Poland; studied the hormones of the adrenal cortex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reid", + "Thomas Reid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reiter", + "Hans Conrad Julius Reiter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German bacteriologist who described a disease now known as Reiter's syndrome and who identified the spirochete that causes syphilis in humans (1881-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rembrandt", + "Rembrandt van Rijn", + "Rembrandt van Ryn", + "Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn" + ], + "it": [ + "Rembrandt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Renoir", + "Pierre Auguste Renoir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French impressionist painter (1841-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Respighi", + "Ottorino Respighi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer remembered for his symphonic poems (1879-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reuben" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Revere", + "Paul Revere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American silversmith remembered for his midnight ride (celebrated in a poem by Longfellow) to warn the colonists in Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming (1735-1818)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Reynolds", + "Sir Joshua Reynolds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English portrait painter and first president of the Royal Academy (1723-1792)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhine", + "J. B. Rhine", + "Joseph Banks Rhine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhodes", + "Cecil Rhodes", + "Cecil J. Rhodes", + "Cecil John Rhodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for British Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford University (1853-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ricardo", + "David Ricardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist who argued that the laws of supply and demand should operate in a free market (1772-1823)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rice", + "Elmer Rice", + "Elmer Leopold Rice", + "Elmer Reizenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1892-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rice", + "Sir Tim Rice", + "Timothy Miles Bindon Rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English lyricist who frequently worked with Andrew Lloyd Webber (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richard I", + "Richard Coeur de Lion", + "Richard the Lionheart", + "Richard the Lion-Hearted" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richard II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1377 to 1399; he suppressed the Peasant's Revolt in 1381 but his reign was marked by popular discontent and baronial opposition in British Parliament and he was forced to abdicate in 1399 (1367-1400)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richard III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England from 1483 to 1485; seized the throne from his nephew Edward V who was confined to the Tower of London and murdered; his reign ended when he was defeated by Henry Tudor (later Henry VII) at the battle of Bosworth Field (1452-1485)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richards", + "I. A. Richards", + "Ivor Armstrong Richards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richardson", + "Ralph Richardson", + "Sir Ralph David Richardson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British stage and screen actor noted for playing classic roles (1902-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richardson", + "Henry Hobson Richardson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (1838-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richelieu", + "Duc de Richelieu", + "Armand Jean du Plessis", + "Cardinal Richelieu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Richler", + "Mordecai Richler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian novelist (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rickenbacker", + "Eddie Rickenbacker", + "Edward Vernon Rickenbacker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most decorated United States combat pilot in World War I (1890-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rickover", + "Hyman Rickover", + "Hyman George Rickover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States admiral who advocated the development of nuclear submarines (1900-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riemann", + "Bernhard Riemann", + "Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pioneer of non-Euclidean geometry (1826-1866)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riesman", + "David Riesman", + "David Riesman Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sociologist (1909-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Riley", + "James Whitcomb Riley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1849-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rilke", + "Rainer Maria Rilke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German poet (born in Austria) whose imagery and mystic lyricism influenced 20th-century German literature (1875-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rimbaud", + "Arthur Rimbaud", + "Jean Nicholas Arthur Rimbaud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet whose work influenced the surrealists (1854-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rimsky-Korsakov", + "Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov", + "Rimski-Korsakov", + "Nikolai Andreyevich Rimski-Korsakov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ringling", + "Charles Ringling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States showman whose song-and-dance troop evolved into a circus (1863-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rittenhouse", + "David Rittenhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer said to have built the first telescope made in America; also the first director of the United States Mint (1732-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ritz", + "Cesar Ritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss hotelier who created a chain of elegant hotels (1850-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rivera", + "Diego Rivera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "socialist Mexican painter of murals (1886-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robbins", + "Jerome Robbins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States choreographer who brought human emotion to classical ballet and spirited reality to Broadway musicals (1918-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robert", + "Henry M. Robert", + "Henry Martyn Robert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roberts", + "Bartholomew Roberts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Welsh pirate credited with having taken more than 400 ships (1682-1722)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roberts", + "Kenneth Roberts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered for his historical novels about colonial America (1885-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roberts", + "Oral Roberts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States evangelist (born 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roberts", + "Richard J. Roberts", + "Richard John Roberts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in England) honored for his discovery that some genes contain introns (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robertson", + "Oscar Robertson", + "Oscar Palmer Robertson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States basketball guard (born in 1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robeson", + "Paul Robeson", + "Paul Bustill Robeson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robespierre", + "Maxmillien Marie Isidore de Robespierre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Edward G. Robinson", + "Edward Goldenberg Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor noted for playing gangster roles (1893-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Edwin Arlington Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet; author of narrative verse (1869-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Jackie Robinson", + "Jack Roosevelt Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player; first Black to play in the major leagues (1919-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "James Harvey Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian who stressed the importance of intellectual and social events for the course of history (1863-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Lennox Robinson", + "Esme Stuart Lennox Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish playwright and theater manager in Dublin (1886-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Ray Robinson", + "Sugar Ray Robinson", + "Walker Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Robinson", + "Robert Robinson", + "Sir Robert Robinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rochambeau", + "Comte de Rochambeau", + "Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rock", + "John Rock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rockefeller", + "John D. Rockefeller", + "John Davison Rockefeller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rockingham", + "Second Marquis of Rockingham", + "Charles Watson-Wentworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman who served as prime minister and who opposed the war with the American colonies (1730-1782)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rockwell", + "Norman Rockwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States illustrator whose works present a sentimental idealized view of everyday life (1894-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rodgers", + "Richard Rodgers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer of musical comedies (especially in collaboration with Oscar Hammerstein II and with Lorenz Hart) (1902-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rodin", + "Auguste Rodin", + "Francois Auguste Rene Rodin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roebling", + "John Roebling", + "John Augustus Roebling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States engineer (born in Germany) who designed and began construction of the Brooklyn bridge (1806-1869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roentgen", + "Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen", + "Rontgen", + "Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rogers", + "Carl Rogers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist who developed client-centered therapy (1902-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rogers", + "Ginger Rogers", + "Virginia McMath", + "Virginia Katherine McMath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rogers", + "Will Rogers", + "William Penn Adair Rogers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States humorist remembered for his homespun commentary on politics and American society (1879-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roget", + "Peter Mark Roget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rollo", + "Rolf", + "Hrolf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romberg", + "Sigmund Romberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Hungary) who composed operettas (1887-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rommel", + "Erwin Rommel", + "Desert Fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roosevelt", + "Theodore Roosevelt", + "President Roosevelt", + "President Theodore Roosevelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "26th President of the United States; hero of the Spanish-American War; Panama Canal was built during his administration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roosevelt", + "Franklin Roosevelt", + "Franklin Delano Roosevelt", + "F. D. Roosevelt", + "President Roosevelt", + "President Franklin Roosevelt", + "FDR" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roosevelt", + "Eleanor Roosevelt", + "Anna Eleanor Roosevelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross", + "Betsy Ross", + "Betsy Griscom Ross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American seamstress said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington (1752-1836)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross", + "Nellie Ross", + "Nellie Tayloe Ross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States (1876-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross", + "Sir Ronald Ross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross", + "James Clark Ross", + "Sir James Clark Ross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic; located the north magnetic pole in 1831; discovered the Ross Sea in Antarctica; nephew of Sir John Ross (1800-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ross", + "John Ross", + "Sir John Ross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rossetti", + "Dante Gabriel Rossetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and painter who was a leader of the Pre-Raphaelites (1828-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rossini", + "Giloacchino Antonio Rossini" + ], + "it": [ + "Rossini", + "Gioacchino Rossini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian composer remembered for his operas (1792-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rostand", + "Edmond Rostand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French dramatist and poet whose play immortalized Cyrano de Bergerac (1868-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roth", + "Philip Roth", + "Philip Milton Roth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose novels portray middle-class Jewish life (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rothko", + "Mark Rothko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abstract painter (born in Russia) whose paintings are characterized by horizontal bands of color with indistinct boundaries (1903-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rothschild" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of family of powerful Jewish bankers in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rous", + "Peyton Rous", + "Francis Peyton Rous" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rousseau", + "Jean-Jacques Rousseau" + ], + "it": [ + "Rousseau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rousseau", + "Henri Rousseau", + "Le Douanier Rousseau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French primitive painter (1844-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubens", + "Peter Paul Rubens", + "Sir Peter Paul Rubens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific Flemish baroque painter; knighted by the English king Charles I (1577-1640)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubinstein", + "Anton Rubenstein", + "Anton Gregor Rubinstein", + "Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rubinstein", + "Arthur Rubinstein", + "Artur Rubinstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pianist (born in Poland) known for his interpretations of the music of Chopin (1886-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rundstedt", + "von Rundstedt", + "Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German field marshal in World War II who directed the conquest of Poland and led the Ardennes counteroffensive (1875-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Runyon", + "Damon Runyon", + "Alfred Damon Runyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of humorous stylized stories about Broadway and the New York underground (1884-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rupert", + "Prince Rupert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English leader (born in Germany) of the Royalist forces during the English Civil War (1619-1682)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rush", + "Benjamin Rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rushdie", + "Salman Rushdie", + "Ahmed Salman Rushdie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer of novels who was born in India; one of his novels is regarded as blasphemous by Muslims and a fatwa was issued condemning him to death (born in 1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruskin", + "John Ruskin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British art critic (1819-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Bertrand Russell", + "Bertrand Arthur William Russell", + "Earl Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "George William Russell", + "A.E." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer whose pen name was A.E. (1867-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Henry Russell", + "Henry Norris Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who developed a theory of stellar evolution (1877-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Lillian Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States entertainer remembered for her roles in comic operas (1861-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Bill Russell", + "William Felton Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States basketball center (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Ken Russell", + "Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English film director (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russell", + "Charles Taze Russell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the great-grandmother of king David whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ruth", + "Babe Ruth", + "George Herman Ruth", + "Sultan of Swat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutherford", + "Ernest Rutherford", + "First Baron Rutherford", + "First Baron Rutherford of Nelson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutherford", + "Daniel Rutherford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749-1819)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rutledge", + "John Rutledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist and second chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; he was appointed by George Washington and briefly served as chief justice but was ultimately rejected by the United States Senate (1739-1800)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saarinen", + "Eero Saarinen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in Finland) (1910-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saarinen", + "Eliel Saarinen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Finnish architect and city planner who moved to the United States in 1923; father of Eero Saarinen (1873-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sabin", + "Albert Sabin", + "Albert Bruce Sabin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacagawea", + "Sacajawea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Shoshone guide and interpreter who guided the Lewis and Clark expedition part of the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sacco", + "Nicola Sacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1891-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sadat", + "Anwar Sadat", + "Anwar el-Sadat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Egyptian statesman who (as president of Egypt) negotiated a peace treaty with Menachem Begin (then prime minister of Israel) (1918-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sade", + "de Sade", + "Comte Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade", + "Marquis de Sade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saint-Saens", + "Charles Camille Saint-Saens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pianist and composer (1835-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sakharov", + "Andrei Sakharov", + "Andrei Dimitrievich Sakharov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet physicist and dissident; helped develop the first Russian hydrogen bomb; advocated nuclear disarmament and campaigned for human rights (1921-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saladin", + "Salah-ad-Din Yusuf ibn-Ayyub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sultan of Syria and Egypt; reconquered Jerusalem from the Christians in 1187 but was defeated by Richard Coeur de Lion in 1191 (1137-1193)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salinger", + "J. D. Salinger", + "Jerome David Salinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salk", + "Jonas Salk", + "Jonas Edward Salk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woman whose dancing beguiled Herod into giving her the head of John the Baptist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salomon", + "Haym Salomon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American financier and American Revolutionary War patriot who helped fund the army during the American Revolution (1740?-1785)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) a judge of Israel who performed herculean feats of strength against the Philistines until he was betrayed to them by his mistress Delilah" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Samuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sand", + "George Sand", + "Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin", + "Baroness Dudevant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sandburg", + "Carl Sandburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered for his poetry in free verse and his six volume biography of Abraham Lincoln (1878-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanger", + "Margaret Sanger", + "Margaret Higgins Sanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanger", + "Frederick Sanger", + "Fred Sanger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist who determined the sequence of amino acids in insulin and who invented a technique to determine the genetic sequence of an organism (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Anna", + "Santa Ana", + "Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna", + "Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sapir", + "Edward Sapir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anthropologist and linguist; studied languages of North American Indians (1884-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sappho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Greek lyric poet of Lesbos; much admired although only fragments of her poetry have been preserved (6th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarazen", + "Gene Sarazen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer who was first to win all four major golf tournaments (1902-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sargent", + "John Singer Sargent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarnoff", + "David Sarnoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman who pioneered in radio and television broadcasting (1891-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saroyan", + "William Saroyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of plays and short stories (1908-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sartre", + "Jean-Paul Sartre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer and existentialist philosopher (1905-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Satie", + "Erik Satie", + "Erik Alfred Leslie Satie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Savonarola", + "Girolamo Savonarola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian religious and political reformer; a Dominican friar in Florence who preached against sin and corruption and gained a large following; he expelled the Medici from Florence but was later excommunicated and executed for criticizing the Pope (1452-1498)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sax", + "Adolphe Sax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Belgian maker of musical instruments who invented the saxophone (1814-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxe", + "Hermann Maurice Saxe", + "comte de Saxe", + "Marshal Saxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxo Grammaticus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish historian who chronicled the history of Denmark (including the legend of Hamlet) (1150?-1220?)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sayers", + "Dorothy Sayers", + "Dorothy L. Sayers", + "Dorothy Leigh Sayers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scheele", + "Karl Scheele", + "Karl Wilhelm Scheele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schiaparelli", + "Elsa Schiaparelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fashion designer born in Italy who was noted for her use of synthetic materials and brilliant colors (1896-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schiaparelli", + "Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian astronomer who first noted lines (which he called canals) on the surface of Mars (1835-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schiller", + "Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German romantic writer (1759-1805)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schleiden", + "Matthias Schleiden", + "M. J. Schleiden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 formulated the cell theory (1804-1881)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schlesinger", + "Arthur Schlesinger", + "Arthur Meier Schlesinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian (1888-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schlesinger", + "Arthur Schlesinger", + "Arthur Schlesinger Jr.", + "Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schliemann", + "Heinrich Schliemann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German archaeologist who discovered nine superimposed city sites of Troy; he also excavated Mycenae (1822-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schmidt", + "Helmut Schmidt", + "Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schnabel", + "Artur Schnabel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in Austria) and pianist noted for his interpretations of the works of Mozart and Beethoven and Schubert (1882-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schonbein", + "Christian Schonbein", + "Christian Friedrich Schonbein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schonberg", + "Arnold Schonberg", + "Schoenberg", + "Arnold Schoenberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schoolcraft", + "Henry Rowe Schoolcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States geologist and ethnologist and explorer who discovered the source of the Mississippi River (1793-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schopenhauer", + "Arthur Schopenhauer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German pessimist philosopher (1788-1860)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schrodinger", + "Erwin Schrodinger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian physicist who discovered the wave equation (1887-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schubert", + "Franz Schubert", + "Franz Peter Schubert", + "Franz Seraph Peter Schubert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schulz", + "Charles Schulz", + "Charles M. Schulz", + "Charles Munroe Schulz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schumann", + "Robert Schumann", + "Robert Alexander Schumann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German romantic composer known for piano music and songs (1810-1856)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schumann", + "Clara Josephine Schumann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German pianist and composer of piano music; renowned for her interpretation of music, especially the music of her husband Robert Schumann (1819-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schumann-Heink", + "Ernestine Schumann-Heink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic contralto (1861-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schumpeter", + "Joseph Schumpeter", + "Joseph Alois Schumpeter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1883-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schwann", + "Theodor Schwann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 and 1839 identified the cell as the basic structure of plant and animal tissue (1810-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schweitzer", + "Albert Schweitzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scipio", + "Scipio Africanus", + "Scipio Africanus Major", + "Publius Cornelius Scipio", + "Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major", + "Scipio the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scopes", + "John Scopes", + "John Thomas Scopes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Tennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution; in a highly publicized trial in 1925 he was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow (1900-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scorsese", + "Martin Scorsese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scott", + "Dred Scott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state; caused the Supreme Court to declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (1795?-1858)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scott", + "Walter Scott", + "Sir Walter Scott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British author of historical novels and ballads (1771-1832)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scott", + "Winfield Scott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scott", + "Robert Scott", + "Robert Falcon Scott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer who reached the South Pole just a month after Amundsen; he and his party died on the return journey (1868-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scott", + "George C. Scott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scriabin", + "Aleksandr Scriabin", + "Aleksandr Nikolayevich Scriabin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scribe", + "Augustin Eugene Scribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French playwright (1791-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scripps", + "James Edmund Scripps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States newspaper publisher and half-brother of Edward Wyllis Scripps (1835-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scripps", + "Edward Wyllis Scripps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States newspaper publisher who founded an important press association; half-brother of James Edmund Scripps (1854-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seaborg", + "Glenn T. Seaborg", + "Glenn Theodore Seaborg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seaman", + "Elizabeth Seaman", + "Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman", + "Nellie Bly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seeger", + "Alan Seeger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet killed in World War I (1888-1916)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seeger", + "Pete Seeger", + "Peter Seeger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Segal", + "George Segal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (born in 1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Segovia", + "Andres Segovia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish guitarist who made classical guitar a concert instrument (1893-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seles", + "Monica Seles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player (born in Yugoslavia in 1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seleucus", + "Seleucus I", + "Seleucus I Nicator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia; founded a line of kings who reigned in Asia Minor until 65 BC (358-281 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selkirk", + "Selcraig", + "Alexander Selkirk", + "Alexander Selcraig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sellers", + "Peter Sellers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English comic actor (1925-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selznick", + "David O. Selznick", + "David Oliver Selznick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker noted for his film adaptations of popular novels (1902-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seneca", + "Lucius Annaeus Seneca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero; his nine extant tragedies are modeled on Greek tragedies (circa 4 BC - 65 AD)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Senefelder", + "Alois Senefelder", + "Aloys Senefelder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German printer who invented lithography (1771-1834)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sennacherib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Assyria who invaded Judea twice and defeated Babylon and rebuilt Nineveh after it had been destroyed by Babylonians (died in 681 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sennett", + "Mack Sennett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in Canada) noted for slapstick movies (1880-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sequoya", + "Sequoyah", + "George Guess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Cherokee who created a notation for writing the Cherokee language (1770-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serkin", + "Rudolf Serkin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States concert pianist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1903-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Serra", + "Junipero Serra", + "Miguel Jose Serra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Service", + "Robert William Service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sessions", + "Roger Sessions", + "Roger Huntington Sessions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seton", + "Elizabeth Seton", + "Saint Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton", + "Mother Seton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seurat", + "Georges Seurat", + "Georges Pierre Seurat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter who developed pointillism (1859-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seward", + "William Henry Seward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician who as Secretary of State in 1867 arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia (known at the time as Seward's Folly) (1801-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sexton", + "Anne Sexton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1928-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Seymour", + "Jane Seymour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Queen of England as the third wife of Henry VIII and mother of Edward VI (1509-1537)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shah Jahan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mogul emperor of India during whose reign the finest monuments of Mogul architecture were built (including the Taj Mahal at Agra) (1592-1666)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shahn", + "Ben Shahn", + "Benjamin Shahn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist whose work reflected social and political themes (1898-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shakespeare", + "William Shakespeare", + "Shakspere", + "William Shakspere", + "Bard of Avon" + ], + "it": [ + "Shakespeare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shankar", + "Ravi Shankar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian sitar player who popularized classical Indian music in the West (born in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shannon", + "Claude Shannon", + "Claude E. Shannon", + "Claude Elwood Shannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer who pioneered mathematical communication theory (1916-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shapley", + "Harlow Shapley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer (1885-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaw", + "G. B. Shaw", + "George Bernard Shaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British playwright (born in Ireland); founder of the Fabian Society (1856-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaw", + "Anna Howard Shaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physician and suffragist (1847-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaw", + "Henry Wheeler Shaw", + "Josh Billings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States humorist who wrote about rural life (1818-1885)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shaw", + "Artie Shaw", + "Arthur Jacob Arshawsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States clarinetist and leader of a swing band (1910-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shawn", + "Ted Shawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer who collaborated with Ruth Saint Denis (1891-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shearer", + "Moira Shearer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish ballet dancer and actress (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shelley", + "Percy Bysshe Shelley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and romantic poet (1792-1822)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shelley", + "Mary Shelley", + "Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley", + "Mary Godwin Wollstonecraft Shelley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer who created Frankenstein's monster and married Percy Bysshe Shelley (1797-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shepard", + "Alan Shepard", + "Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "astronaut who made the first United States' suborbital rocket-powered flight in 1961 (1923-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shepard", + "Sam Shepard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author of surrealistic allegorical plays (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sheridan", + "Richard Brinsley Sheridan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish playwright remembered for his satirical comedies of manners (1751-1816)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherman", + "Roger Sherman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution (1721-1793)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherman", + "William Tecumseh Sherman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who was commander of all Union troops in the West; he captured Atlanta and led a destructive march to the sea that cut the Confederacy in two (1820-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherrington", + "Sir Charles Scott Sherrington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physiologist who conducted research on reflex action (1857-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sherwood", + "Robert Emmet Sherwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1896-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shevchenko", + "Taras Grigoryevich Shevchenko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Ukranian poet (1814-1861)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shirer", + "William Lawrence Shirer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States broadcast journalist who was in Berlin at the outbreak of World War II (1904-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shockley", + "William Shockley", + "William Bradford Shockley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in England) who contributed to the development of the electronic transistor (1910-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shostakovich", + "Dmitri Shostakovich", + "Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian composer best known for his fifteen symphonies (1906-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Shute", + "Nevil Shute", + "Nevil Shute Norway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer who settled in Norway after World War II (1899-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sibelius", + "Jean Sibelius", + "Johan Julius Christian Sibelius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Finnish composer (1865-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siddons", + "Sarah Siddons", + "Sarah Kemble Siddons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actress noted for her performances in Shakespearean roles (1755-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sidney", + "Sir Philip Sidney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1554-1586)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siemens", + "Ernst Werner von Siemens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German electrical engineer (1816-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siemens", + "Karl Wilhelm Siemens", + "Sir Charles William Siemens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engineer who was a brother of Ernst Werner von Siemens and who moved to England (1823-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sikorsky", + "Igor Sikorsky", + "Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States industrialist (born in Russia) who designed the first four-engine airplane and the first mass-produced helicopter (1889-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sills", + "Beverly Sills", + "Belle Miriam Silverman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic soprano (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Silverstein", + "Shel Silverstein", + "Shelby Silverstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet and cartoonist remembered for his stories and poems for children (1932-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simenon", + "Georges Simenon", + "Georges Joseph Christian Simenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer (born in Belgium) best known for his detective novels featuring Inspector Maigret (1903-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simon", + "Herb Simon", + "Herbert A. Simon", + "Herbert Alexander Simon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist and psychologist who pioneered in the development of cognitive science (1916-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simon", + "Neil Simon", + "Marvin Neil Simon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright noted for light comedies (born in 1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simon", + "Paul Simon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and songwriter (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simon", + "St. Simon", + "Simon Zelotes", + "Simon the Zealot", + "Simon the Canaanite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the twelve Apostles (first century)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simpson", + "Sir James Young Simpson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish obstetrician and surgeon who pioneered in the use of ether and discovered the anesthetic effects of chloroform (1811-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simpson", + "Mrs. Simpson", + "Wallis Warfield Simpson", + "Wallis Warfield Windsor", + "Duchess of Windsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States divorcee whose marriage to Edward VIII created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinatra", + "Frank Sinatra", + "Francis Albert Sinatra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and film actor (1915-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinclair", + "Clive Sinclair", + "Sir Clive Marles Sinclair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English electrical engineer who founded a company that introduced many innovative products (born in 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinclair", + "Upton Sinclair", + "Upton Beall Sinclair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose novels argued for social reform (1878-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singer", + "Isaac Bashevis Singer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Poland) of Yiddish stories and novels (1904-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Singer", + "Isaac M. Singer", + "Isaac Merrit Singer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of an improved chain-stitch sewing machine (1811-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siqueiros", + "David Siqueiros", + "David Alfaro Siqueiros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican painter of murals depicting protest and revolution (1896-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siraj-ud-daula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian general and nawab of Bengal who opposed the colonization of India by England; he captured Calcutta in 1756 and many of his prisoners suffocated in a crowded room that became known as the Black Hole of Calcutta; he was defeated at the battle of Plassey by a group of Indian nobles in alliance with Robert Clive (1728-1757)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitter", + "Willem de Sitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch astronomer who calculated the size of the universe and suggested that it is expanding (1872-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitting Bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chief of the Sioux; took up arms against settlers in the northern Great Plains and against United States Army troops; he was present at the Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) when the Sioux massacred General Custer's troops (1831-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitwell", + "Dame Edith Sitwell", + "Dame Edith Louisa Sitwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1887-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sixtus IV", + "Francesco della Rovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1471 to 1484 who consented to the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition and built the Sistine Chapel (1414-1484)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skeat", + "Walter William Skeat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philologist (1835-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skinner", + "Fred Skinner", + "B. F. Skinner", + "Burrhus Frederic Skinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist and a leading proponent of behaviorism (1904-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skinner", + "Cornelia Otis Skinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress noted for her one-woman shows (1901-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Skinner", + "Otis Skinner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor (1858-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smalley", + "Richard Smalley", + "Richard E. Smalley", + "Richard Errett Smalley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American chemist who with Robert Curl and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smetana", + "Bedrich Smetana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Czech composer (1824-1884)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Adam Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "John Smith", + "Captain John Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown, Virginia; was said to have been saved by Pocahontas (1580-1631)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Joseph Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in 1830 (1805-1844)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Bessie Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States blues singer (1894-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Julia Evelina Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States suffragist who refused to pay taxes until she could vote (1792-1886)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Kate Smith", + "Kathryn Elizabeth Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer noted for her rendition of patriotic songs (1909-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "David Smith", + "David Roland Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (1906-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smith", + "Ian Smith", + "Ian Douglas Smith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smollett", + "Tobias Smollett", + "Tobias George Smollett" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish writer of adventure novels (1721-1771)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Smuts", + "Jan Christian Smuts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African statesman and soldier (1870-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snead", + "Sam Snead", + "Samuel Jackson Snead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer known for the graceful arc of his swing (1912-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snellen", + "Hermann Snellen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch ophthalmologist who introduced the Snellen chart to study visual acuity (1834-1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Snow", + "C. P. Snow", + "Charles Percy Snow", + "Baron Snow of Leicester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels about moral dilemmas in academe (1905-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socinus", + "Faustus Socinus", + "Fausto Paolo Sozzini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian theologian who argued against Trinitarianism (1539-1604)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Socrates" + ], + "it": [ + "Socrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soddy", + "Frederick Soddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist whose work on radioactive disintegration led to the discovery of isotopes (1877-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solomon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) son of David and king of Israel noted for his wisdom (10th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solvay", + "Ernest Solvay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian chemist who developed the Solvay process and built factories exploiting it (1838-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Solzhenitsyn", + "Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn", + "Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn", + "Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet writer and political dissident whose novels exposed the brutality of Soviet labor camps (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sondheim", + "Stephen Sondheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer of musicals (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sontag", + "Susan Sontag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sophocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the great tragedians of ancient Greece (496-406 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sorensen", + "Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish chemist who devised the pH scale (1868-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soufflot", + "Jacques Germain Soufflot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French architect (1713-1780)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sousa", + "John Philip Sousa", + "March King" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a United States bandmaster and composer of military marches (1854-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Southey", + "Robert Southey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and friend of Wordsworth and Coleridge (1774-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Soutine", + "Chaim Soutine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French expressionist painter (born in Lithuania) (1893-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spallanzani", + "Lazzaro Spallanzani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian physiologist who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation (1729-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spark", + "Muriel Spark", + "Dame Muriel Spark", + "Muriel Sarah Spark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish writer of satirical novels (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spassky", + "Boris Spassky", + "Boris Vasilevich Spassky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian chess master who moved to Paris; world champion from 1969 to 1972 (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Speer", + "Albert Speer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German Nazi architect who worked for Hitler (1905-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Speke", + "John Speke", + "John Hanning Speke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English explorer who with Sir Richard Burton was the first European to explore Lake Tanganyika; he also discovered Lake Victoria and named it (1827-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spencer", + "Herbert Spencer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spender", + "Stephen Spender", + "Sir Stephen Harold Spender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and critic (1909-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spengler", + "Oswald Spengler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German philosopher who argued that cultures grow and decay in cycles (1880-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spenser", + "Edmund Spenser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet who wrote an allegorical romance celebrating Elizabeth I in the Spenserian stanza (1552-1599)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sperry", + "Elmer Ambrose Sperry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States engineer and inventor of the gyrocompass (1860-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spielberg", + "Steven Spielberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spillane", + "Mickey Spillane", + "Frank Morrison Spillane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of popular detective novels (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spinoza", + "de Spinoza", + "Baruch de Spinoza", + "Benedict de Spinoza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch philosopher who espoused a pantheistic system (1632-1677)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spock", + "Benjamin Spock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States pediatrician whose many books on child care influenced the upbringing of children around the world (1903-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spode", + "Josiah Spode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English potter who started a pottery famous for its bone china (1754-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stael", + "Madame de Stael", + "Baronne Anne Louise Germaine Necker de Steal-Holstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French romantic writer (1766-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stalin", + "Joseph Stalin", + "Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Standish", + "Miles Standish", + "Myles Standish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English colonist in America; leader of the Pilgrims in the early days of the Plymouth Colony (1584-1656)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanford", + "Leland Stanford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University (1824-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanislavsky", + "Konstantin Stanislavsky", + "Konstantin Sergeyevich Stanislavsky", + "Konstantin Sergeevich Alekseev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian actor and theater director who trained his actors to emphasize the psychological motivation of their roles (1863-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanley", + "Henry M. Stanley", + "Sir Henry Morton Stanley", + "John Rowlands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh journalist and explorer who led an expedition to Africa in search of David Livingstone and found him in Tanzania in 1871; he and Livingstone together tried to find the source of the Nile River (1841-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanley", + "Francis Edgar Stanley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanton", + "Elizabeth Cady Stanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States suffragist and feminist; called for reform of the practices that perpetuated sexual inequality (1815-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Starr", + "Ringo Starr", + "Starkey", + "Richard Starkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock star and drummer for the Beatles (born in 1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "St. Denis", + "Saint Denis", + "Ruth Saint Denis", + "Ruth St. Denis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer who collaborated with Ted Shawn (1877-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steele", + "Sir Richrd Steele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1672-1729)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steen", + "Jan Steen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch genre painter (1626-1679)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steffens", + "Lincoln Steffens", + "Joseph Lincoln Steffens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist whose exposes in 1906 started an era of muckraking journalism (1866-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steichen", + "Edward Jean Steichen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States photographer who pioneered artistic photography (1879-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i96999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stein", + "Gertrude Stein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experimental expatriate United States writer (1874-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinbeck", + "John Steinbeck", + "John Ernst Steinbeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his novels about agricultural workers (1902-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinberg", + "Saul Steinberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States cartoonist (born in Romania) noted for his caricatures of famous people (1914-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinem", + "Gloria Steinem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist (born in 1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steiner", + "Rudolf Steiner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian philosopher who founded anthroposophy (1861-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinman", + "David Barnard Steinman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil engineer noted for designing suspension bridges (including the George Washington Bridge) (1886-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinmetz", + "Charles Proteus Steinmetz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer and inventor (born in Germany) (1865-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steinway", + "Henry Steinway", + "Henry Engelhard Steinway", + "Heinrich Engelhard Steinway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States piano maker (born in Germany) who founded a famous piano manufacturing firm in New York (1797-1871)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stella", + "Frank Stella", + "Frank Philip Stella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States minimalist painter (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steller", + "Georg Wilhelm Steller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German naturalist (1709-1746)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stendhal", + "Marie Henri Beyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer whose novels were the first to feature psychological analysis of the character (1783-1842)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stengel", + "Casey Stengel", + "Charles Dillon Stengel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball manager (1890-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stephen", + "Sir Leslie Stephen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1832-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stephenson", + "George Stephenson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English railway pioneer who built the first passenger railway in 1825 (1781-1848)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stern", + "Isaac Stern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States concert violinist (born in Russia in 1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sterne", + "Laurence Sterne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (born in Ireland) (1713-1766)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Steuben", + "Baron Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader (born in Prussia) who trained the troops under George Washington (1730-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevens", + "George Stevens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (1905-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevens", + "Wallace Stevens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1879-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevens", + "Smitty Stevens", + "S. Smith Stevens", + "Stanley Smith Stevens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist and psychophysicist who proposed Stevens' power law to replace Fechner's law (1906-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevenson", + "Adlai Stevenson", + "Adlai Ewing Stevenson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and diplomat (1900-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stevenson", + "Robert Louis Stevenson", + "Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish author (1850-1894)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stewart", + "Dugald Stewart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish philosopher and follower of Thomas Reid (1753-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stewart", + "Jimmy Stewart", + "James Maitland Stewart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stieglitz", + "Alfred Stieglitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States photographer (1864-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stilwell", + "Joseph Warren Stilwell", + "Vinegar Joe Stilwell", + "Uncle Joe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States general who commanded the Allied forces in China and Burma and India during World War II (1883-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stockton", + "Frank Stockton", + "Francis Richard Stockton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1834-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stoker", + "Bram Stoker", + "Abraham Stoker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer of the horror novel about Dracula (1847-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stokowski", + "Leopold Stokowski", + "Leopold Antoni Stanislaw Stokowski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor (born in Britain) (1882-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "Edward Durell Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (1902-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "Harlan Fiske Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served on the United States Supreme Court as chief justice (1872-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "I. F. Stone", + "Isidor Feinstein Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States journalist who advocated liberal causes (1907-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "Lucy Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States feminist and suffragist (1818-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "Oliver Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stone", + "Harlan Stone", + "Harlan F. Stone", + "Harlan Fisk Stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who was named chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1941 by Franklin D. Roosevelt (1872-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stopes", + "Marie Stopes", + "Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth-control campaigner who in 1921 opened the first birth control clinic in London (1880-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stoppard", + "Tom Stoppard", + "Sir Tom Stoppard", + "Thomas Straussler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British dramatist (born in Czechoslovakia in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stowe", + "Harriet Beecher Stowe", + "Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of a novel about slavery that advanced the abolitionists' cause (1811-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strachey", + "Lytton Strachey", + "Giles Lytton Strachey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biographer and leading member of the Bloomsbury Group (1880-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stradivari", + "Antonio Stradivari", + "Stradivarius", + "Antonius Stradivarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian violin maker who developed the modern violin and created violins of unequaled tonal quality (1644?-1737)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strasberg", + "Lee Strasberg", + "Israel Strassberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor and film director (born in Austria) who was a leader in developing method acting in the United States (1901-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strauss", + "Johann Strauss", + "Strauss the Elder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer of waltzes (1804-1849)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strauss", + "Johann Strauss", + "Strauss the Younger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer and son of Strauss the Elder; composed many famous waltzes and became known as the `waltz king' (1825-1899)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strauss", + "Richard Strauss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of many operas; collaborated with librettist Hugo von Hoffmannsthal to produce several operas (1864-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stravinsky", + "Igor Stravinsky", + "Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "composer who was born in Russia but lived in the United States after 1939 (1882-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streep", + "Meryl Streep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (born in 1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Streisand", + "Barbra Streisand", + "Barbra Joan Streisand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States singer and actress (born in 1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strickland", + "William Strickland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect and student of Latrobe (1787-1854)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strindberg", + "August Strindberg", + "Johan August Strindberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish dramatist and novelist (1849-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stroheim", + "Erich von Stroheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor (born in Austria) (1885-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stuart", + "Gilbert Stuart", + "Gilbert Charles Stuart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stubbs", + "William Stubbs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian noted for his constitutional history of medieval England (1825-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stuyvesant", + "Peter Stuyvesant", + "Petrus Stuyvesant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last Dutch colonial administrator of New Netherland; in 1664 he was forced to surrender the colony to England (1592-1672)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Styron", + "William Styron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer best known for his novels (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suckling", + "Sir John Suckling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and courtier (1609-1642)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sue", + "Eugene Sue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer whose novels described the sordid side of city life (1804-1857)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Suharto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian statesman who seized power from Sukarno in 1967 (born in 1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sukarno", + "Achmad Sukarno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indonesian statesman who obtained the independence of Indonesia from the Netherlands in 1949 and served as president until ousted by Suharto in a coup d'etat (1901-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sulla", + "Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman general and dictator (138-78 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sullivan", + "Arthur Sullivan", + "Arthur Seymour Sullivan", + "Sir Arthur Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer of operettas who collaborated with the librettist William Gilbert (1842-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sullivan", + "Anne Sullivan", + "Anne Mansfield Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who was the teacher and lifelong companion of Helen Keller (1866-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sullivan", + "Ed Sullivan", + "Edward Vincent Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States host on a well known television variety show (1902-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sullivan", + "Harry Stack Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychiatrist (1892-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sullivan", + "Louis Sullivan", + "Louis Henry Sullivan", + "Louis Henri Sullivan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect known for his steel framed skyscrapers and for coining the phrase `form follows function' (1856-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sully", + "Duc de Sully", + "Maxmilien de Bethune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French statesman (1560-1641)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sully", + "Thomas Sully" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (born in England) of portraits and historical scenes (1783-1872)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sumner", + "William Graham Sumner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sociologist (1840-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sunday", + "Billy Sunday", + "William Ashley Sunday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States evangelist (1862-1935)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sun Yat-sen", + "Sun Yixian" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese statesman who organized the Kuomintang and led the revolution that overthrew the Manchu dynasty in 1911 and 1912 (1866-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sutherland", + "Joan Sutherland", + "Dame Joan Sutherland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian operatic soprano (born in 1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sverdrup", + "Otto Neumann Sverdrup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian explorer who led expeditions into the Arctic (1855-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swammerdam", + "Jan Swammerdam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch naturalist and microscopist who proposed a classification of insects and who was among the first to recognize cells in animals and was the first to see red blood cells (1637-1680)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swanson", + "Gloria Swanson", + "Gloria May Josephine Svensson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress in many silent films (1899-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swedenborg", + "Svedberg", + "Emanuel Swedenborg", + "Emanuel Svedberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swedish theologian (1688-1772)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sweet", + "Henry Sweet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English phonetician; one of the founders of modern phonetics (1845-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swift", + "Jonathan Swift", + "Dean Swift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English satirist born in Ireland (1667-1745)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swift", + "Gustavus Franklin Swift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States meat-packer who began the use of refrigerated railroad cars (1839-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swinburne", + "Algernon Charles Swinburne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1837-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sydenham", + "Thomas Sydenham", + "English Hippocrates" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician (1624-1689)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sylvester II", + "Gerbert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pope from 999 to 1003 who was noted for his great learning (945-1003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symonds", + "John Addington Symonds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1840-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symons", + "Arthur Symons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1865-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Synge", + "J. M. Synge", + "John Millington Synge", + "Edmund John Millington Synge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish poet and playwright whose plays are based on rural Irish life (1871-1909)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Szell", + "George Szell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States conductor (born in Hungary) (1897-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Szent-Gyorgyi", + "Albert Szent-Gyorgyi", + "Albert von Szent-Gyorgyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist (born in Hungary) who was the first to isolate vitamin C (1893-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Szilard", + "Leo Szilard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist and molecular biologist who helped develop the first atom bomb and later opposed the use of all nuclear weapons (1898-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tacitus", + "Publius Cornelius Tacitus", + "Gaius Cornelius Tacitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman historian who wrote major works on the history of the Roman Empire (56-120)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taft", + "William Howard Taft", + "President Taft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "27th President of the United States and later chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1857-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taft", + "Lorado Taft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States sculptor (1860-1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tagore", + "Rabindranath Tagore", + "Sir Rabindranath Tagore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian writer and philosopher whose poetry (based on traditional Hindu themes) pioneered the use of colloquial Bengali (1861-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talbot", + "Fox Talbot", + "William Henry Fox Talbot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tallchief", + "Maria Tallchief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States ballerina who promoted American ballet through tours and television appearances (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talleyrand", + "Charles Maurice de Talleyrand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French statesman (1754-1838)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tallis", + "Thomas Tallis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English organist and composer of church and secular music; was granted a monopoly in music printing with William Byrd (1505-1585)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamerlane", + "Tamburlaine", + "Timur", + "Timur Lenk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mongolian ruler of Samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from Turkey to Mongolia (1336-1405)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tamm", + "Igor Tamm", + "Igor Yevgeneevich Tamm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian physicist (1895-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tancred" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norman leader in the First Crusade who played an important role in the capture of Jerusalem (1078-1112)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tandy", + "Jessica Tandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress (born in England) who made many stage appearances, often with her husband Hume Cronyn (1909-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taney", + "Roger Taney", + "Roger Brooke Taney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; remembered for his ruling that slaves and their descendants have no rights as citizens (1777-1864)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tange", + "Kenzo Tange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese architect (born in 1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tanguy", + "Yves Tanguy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States surrealist painter (born in France) (1900-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tappan", + "Arthur Tappan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist (1786-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarantino", + "Quentin Tarantino", + "Quentin Jerome Tarantino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in 1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarbell", + "Ida Tarbell", + "Ida M. Tarbell", + "Ida Minerva Tarbell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered for her muckraking investigations into industries in the early 20th century (1857-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarkovsky", + "Andrei Tarkovsky", + "Andrei Arsenevich Tarkovsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian filmmaker (1932-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tarquin", + "Tarquin the Proud", + "Tarquinius", + "Tarquinius Superbus", + "Lucius Tarquinius Superbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "according to legend, the seventh and last Etruscan king of Rome who was expelled for his cruelty (reigned from 534 to 510 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasman", + "Abel Tasman", + "Abel Janszoon Tasman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch navigator who was the first European to discover Tasmania and New Zealand (1603-1659)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasso", + "Torquato Tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian poet who wrote an epic poem about the capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade (1544-1595)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tate", + "Allen Tate", + "John Orley Allen Tate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet and critic (1899-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tati", + "Jacques Tati", + "Jacques Tatischeff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French filmmaker (1908-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatum", + "Art Tatum", + "Arthur Tatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz pianist who was almost completely blind; his innovations influenced many other jazz musicians (1910-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tatum", + "Edward Lawrie Tatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States biochemist who discovered how genes act by regulating definite chemical events (1909-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tawney", + "Richard Henry Tawney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist remembered for his studies of the development of capitalism (1880-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taylor", + "Zachary Taylor", + "President Taylor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "12th President of the United States; died in office (1784-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taylor", + "Elizabeth Taylor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (born in England) who was a childhood star; as an adult she often co-starred with Richard Burton (born in 1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taylor", + "Deems Taylor", + "Joseph Deems Taylor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tchaikovsky", + "Peter Tchaikovsky", + "Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky", + "Pyotr Tchaikovsky", + "Pyotr Ilych Tchaikovsky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "important Russian composer whose works are noted for their expressive melodies (1840-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teach", + "Edward Teach", + "Thatch", + "Edward Thatch", + "Blackbeard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an English pirate who operated in the Caribbean and off the Atlantic coast of North America (died in 1718)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teasdale", + "Sara Teasdale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1884-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tebaldi", + "Renata Tebaldi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian operatic soprano (born in 1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tecumseh", + "Tecumtha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement (1768-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teilhard de Chardin", + "Pierre Teilhard de Chardin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French paleontologist and philosopher (1881-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Te Kanawa", + "Dame Kiri Te Kanawa", + "Dame Kiri Janette Te Kanawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand operatic soprano (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telemann", + "Georg Philipp Telemann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German baroque composer (1681-1767)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teller", + "Edward Teller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Hungary) who worked on the first atom bomb and the first hydrogen bomb (1908-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenniel", + "Sir John Tenniel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English cartoonist (1820-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tennyson", + "Alfred Tennyson", + "First Baron Tennyson", + "Alfred Lord Tennyson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tenzing Norgay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Sherpa mountaineer guide who with Sir Edmund Hillary was one of the first to attain the summit of Mount Everest (1914-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terence", + "Publius Terentius Afer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dramatist of ancient Rome (born in Greece) whose comedies were based on works by Menander (190?-159 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teresa", + "Mother Teresa", + "Theresa", + "Mother Theresa", + "Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Indian nun and missionary in the Roman Catholic Church (born of Albanian parents in what is now Macedonia); dedicated to helping the poor in India (1910-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Teresa of Avila", + "Saint Teresa of Avila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish mystic and religious reformer; author of religious classics and a Christian saint (1515-1582)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tereshkova", + "Valentina Tereshkova", + "Valentina Vladmirovna Tereshkova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet cosmonaut who was the first woman in space (born in 1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Terry", + "Dame Ellen Terry", + "Dame Alice Ellen Terry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actress (1847-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tertullian", + "Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Carthaginian theologian whose writing influenced early Christian theology (160-230)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tesla", + "Nikola Tesla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer and inventor (born in Croatia but of Serbian descent) who discovered the principles of alternating currents and developed the first alternating-current induction motor and the Tesla coil and several forms of oscillators (1856-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thackeray", + "William Makepeace Thackeray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (born in India) (1811-1863)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thales", + "Thales of Miletus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a presocratic Greek philosopher and astronomer (who predicted an eclipse in 585 BC) who was said by Aristotle to be the founder of physical science; he held that all things originated in water (624-546 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tharp", + "Twyla Tharp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "innovative United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thatcher", + "Margaret Thatcher", + "Margaret Hilda Thatcher", + "Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven", + "Iron Lady" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British stateswoman; first woman to serve as Prime Minister (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Themistocles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Athenian statesman who persuaded Athens to build a navy and then led it to victory over the Persians (527-460 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theodosius", + "Theodosius I", + "Theodosius the Great", + "Flavius Theodosius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the last emperor of a united Roman Empire, he took control of the eastern empire and ended the war with the Visigoths; he became a Christian and in 391 banned all forms of pagan worship (346-395)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Theophrastus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher who was a student of Aristotle and who succeeded Aristotle as the leader of the Peripatetics (371-287 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thespis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek poet who is said to have originated Greek tragedy (sixth century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomas", + "Saint Thomas", + "St. Thomas", + "doubting Thomas", + "Thomas the doubting Apostle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomas", + "Dylan Thomas", + "Dylan Marlais Thomas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Welsh poet (1914-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomas", + "Lowell Thomas", + "Lowell Jackson Thomas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio broadcast journalist during World War I and World War II noted for his nightly new broadcast (1892-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomas", + "Norman Thomas", + "Norman Mattoon Thomas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States socialist who was a candidate for president six times (1884-1968)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomas", + "Seth Thomas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thompson", + "Benjamin Thompson", + "Count Rumford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist (born in America) who studied heat and friction; experiments convinced him that heat is caused by moving particles (1753-1814)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thompson", + "Homer Thompson", + "Homer A. Thompson", + "Homer Armstrong Thompson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States classical archaeologist (born in Canada) noted for leading the excavation of the Athenian agora (1906-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomson", + "Joseph John Thomson", + "Sir Joseph John Thomson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist who experimented with the conduction of electricity through gases and who discovered the electron and determined its charge and mass (1856-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomson", + "George Paget Thomson", + "Sir George Paget Thomson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist (son of Joseph John Thomson) who was a co-discoverer of the diffraction of electrons by crystals (1892-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomson", + "Elihu Thomson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States electrical engineer (born in England) who in 1892 formed a company with Thomas Edison (1853-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thomson", + "Virgil Thomson", + "Virgil Garnett Thomson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer who collaborated with Gertrude Stein (1896-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thoreau", + "Henry David Thoreau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thorndike", + "Edward Lee Thorndike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educational psychologist (1874-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thorndike", + "Dame Sybil Thorndike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actress (1882-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thornton", + "William Thornton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American architect (1759-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thorpe", + "Jim Thorpe", + "James Francis Thorpe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outstanding United States athlete (1888-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thucydides" + ], + "it": [ + "Tucidide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek historian remembered for his history of the Peloponnesian War (460-395 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thurber", + "James Thurber", + "James Grover Thurber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States humorist and cartoonist who published collections of essays and stories (1894-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiberius", + "Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar Augustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiepolo", + "Giovanni Battista Tiepolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter (1696-1770)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tiffany", + "Louis Comfort Tiffany" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist who developed Tiffany glass (1848-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tilden", + "Big Bill Tilden", + "William Tatem Tilden Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States tennis player who dominated men's tennis in the 1920s (1893-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tillich", + "Paul Tillich", + "Paul Johannes Tillich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States theologian (born in Germany) (1886-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Timothy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a disciple of Saint Paul who became the leader of the Christian community at Ephesus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinbergen", + "Jan Tinbergen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch economist noted for his work in econometrics (1903-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tinbergen", + "Nikolaas Tinbergen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch zoologist who showed that much animal behavior is innate and stereotyped (1907-1988)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tintoretto", + "Jacopo Robusti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter of the Venetian school (1518-1594)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tirso de Molina", + "Gabriel Tellez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish dramatist who wrote the first dramatic treatment of the legend of Don Juan (1571-1648)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titian", + "Tiziano Vecellio" + ], + "it": [ + "Tiziano", + "Tiziano Vecellio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "old master of the Venetian school (1490-1576)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tito", + "Marshal Tito", + "Josip Broz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Yugoslav statesman who led the resistance to German occupation during World War II and established a communist state after the war (1892-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titus", + "Titus Vespasianus Augustus", + "Titus Flavius Vespasianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome; son of Vespasian (39-81)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Titus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Greek disciple and helper of Saint Paul" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tobey", + "Mark Tobey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abstract painter influenced by oriental calligraphy (1890-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tobin", + "James Tobin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist (1918-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tocqueville", + "Alexis de Tocqueville", + "Alexis Charles Henri Maurice de Tocqueville" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Todd", + "Sir Alexander Robertus Todd", + "Lord Todd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish chemist noted for his research into the structure of nucleic acids (born in 1907)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tojo", + "Tojo Hideki", + "Tojo Eiki" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese army officer who initiated the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and who assumed dictatorial control of Japan during World War II; he was subsequently tried and executed as a war criminal (1884-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toklas", + "Alice B. Toklas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer remembered as the secretary and companion of Gertrude Stein (1877-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tolkien", + "J.R.R. Tolkien", + "John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British philologist and writer of fantasies (born in South Africa) (1892-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tolstoy", + "Leo Tolstoy", + "Count Lev Nikolayevitch Tolstoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian author remembered for two great novels (1828-1910)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tombaugh", + "Clyde Tombaugh", + "Clyde William Tombaugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States astronomer who discovered the planet Pluto (1906-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tonegawa Susumu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese molecular biologist noted for his studies of how the immune system produces antibodies (born in 1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torquemada", + "Tomas de Torquemada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the Spaniard who as Grand Inquisitor was responsible for the death of thousands of Jews and suspected witches during the Spanish Inquisition (1420-1498)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torricelli", + "Evangelista Torricelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian physicist who invented the mercury barometer (1608-1647)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toscanini", + "Arturo Toscanini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian conductor of many orchestras worldwide (1867-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toulouse-Lautrec", + "Henri Toulouse-Lautrec" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter who portrayed life in the cafes and music halls of Montmartre (1864-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tourette", + "Gilles de la Tourette", + "Georges Gilles de la Tourette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French neurologist (1857-1904)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Town", + "Ithiel Town" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect who was noted for his design and construction of truss bridges (1784-1844)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Townes", + "Charles Townes", + "Charles Hard Townes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who developed the laser and maser principles for producing high-intensity radiation (1915-)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Townsend", + "Francis Everett Townsend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States social reformer who proposed an old-age pension sponsored by the federal government; his plan was a precursor to Social Security (1867-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Toynbee", + "Arnold Toynbee", + "Arnold Joseph Toynbee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian who studied the rise and fall of civilizations looking for cyclical patterns (1889-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tracy", + "Spencer Tracy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor who appeared in many films with Katharine Hepburn (1900-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tradescant", + "John Tradescant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English botanist who was one of the first to collect specimens of plants (1570-1638)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trajan", + "Marcus Ulpius Traianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman Emperor and adoptive son of Nerva; extended the Roman Empire to the east and conducted an extensive program of building (53-117)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Traubel", + "Helen Traubel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States operatic soprano (1903-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tree", + "Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English actor and theatrical producer noted for his lavish productions of Shakespeare (1853-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trevelyan", + "George Otto Trevelyan", + "Sir George Otto Trevelyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian who wrote a history of the American revolution and a biography of his uncle Lord Macaulay (1838-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trevelyan", + "George Macaulay Trevelyan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English historian and son of Sir George Otto Trevelyan whose works include a social history of England and a biography of Garibaldi (1876-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trevino", + "Lee Trevino", + "Lee Buck Trevino", + "Supermex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States golfer (born in 1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trevithick", + "Richard Trevithick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English engineer who built the first railway locomotive (1771-1833)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trilling", + "Lionel Trilling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States literary critic (1905-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trollope", + "Anthony Trollope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels (1815-1882)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trotsky", + "Leon Trotsky", + "Lev Davidovich Bronstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army; he was ousted from the Communist Party by Stalin and eventually assassinated in Mexico (1879-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truffaut", + "Francois Truffaut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French filmmaker (1932-1984)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truman", + "Harry Truman", + "Harry S Truman", + "President Truman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elected vice president in Roosevelt's 4th term; became 33rd President of the United States on Roosevelt's death in 1945 and was elected President in 1948; authorized the use of atomic bombs against Japan (1884-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trumbo", + "Dalton Trumbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States screenwriter who was blacklisted and imprisoned for refusing to cooperate with congressional investigations of communism in America (1905-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trumbull", + "John Trumbull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American satirical poet (1750-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trumbull", + "John Trumbull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American painter of historical scenes (1756-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trumbull", + "Jonathan Trumbull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader who as governor of Connecticut provided supplies for the Continental Army (1710-1785)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Truth", + "Sojourner Truth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tubman", + "Harriet Tubman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North (1820-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tuchman", + "Barbara Tuchman", + "Barbara Wertheim Tuchman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian (1912-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tucker", + "Sophie Tucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States vaudevillian (born in Russia) noted for her flamboyant performances (1884-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tucker", + "Benjamin Ricketson Tucker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anarchist influential before World War I (1854-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tudor", + "Antony Tudor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States dancer and choreographer (born in England) (1909-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tunney", + "Gene Tunney", + "James Joseph Tunney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship by defeating Jack Dempsey twice (1898-1978)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turgenev", + "Ivan Turgenev", + "Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian writer of stories and novels and plays (1818-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turgot", + "Anne Robert Jacques Turgot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French economist who in 1774 was put in control of finances by Louis XVI; his proposals for reforms that involved abolishing feudal privileges made him unpopular with the aristocracy and in 1776 he was dismissed (1727-1781)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turing", + "Alan Turing", + "Alan Mathison Turing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English mathematician who conceived of the Turing machine and broke German codes during World War II (1912-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turner", + "Frederick Jackson Turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian who stressed the role of the western frontier in American history (1861-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turner", + "Joseph Mallord William Turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English landscape painter whose treatment of light and color influenced the French impressionists (1775-1851)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turner", + "Henry Hubert Turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States endocrinologist (1892-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turner", + "Nat Turner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turpin", + "Dick Turpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English highwayman (1706-1739)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tussaud", + "Marie Tussaud", + "Madame Tussaud", + "Marie Grosholtz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French modeler (resident in England after 1802) who made wax death masks of prominent victims of the French Revolution and toured Britain with her wax models; in 1835 she opened a permanent waxworks exhibition in London (1761-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tutankhamen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pharaoh of Egypt around 1358 BC; his tomb was discovered almost intact by Howard Carter in 1922" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tutu", + "Desmond Tutu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African prelate and leader of the antiapartheid struggle (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyler", + "John Tyler", + "President Tyler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyndale", + "William Tyndale", + "Tindale", + "William Tindale", + "Tindal", + "William Tindal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English translator and Protestant martyr; his translation of the Bible into English (which later formed the basis for the King James Version) aroused ecclesiastical opposition; he left England in 1524 and was burned at the stake in Antwerp as a heretic (1494-1536)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyndall", + "John Tyndall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist (born in Ireland) remembered for his experiments on the transparency of gases and the absorption of radiant heat by gases and the transmission of sound through the atmosphere; he was the first person to explain why the daylight sky is blue (1820-1893)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyson", + "Mike Tyson", + "Michael Gerald Tyson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (born in 1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tzara", + "Tristan Tzara", + "Samuel Rosenstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet (born in Romania) who was one of the cofounders of the dada movement (1896-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uhland", + "Johann Ludwig Uhland" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German romantic poet (1787-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulanova", + "Galina Ulanova", + "Galina Sergeevna Ulanova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian ballet dancer (1910-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ulfilas", + "Bishop Ulfilas", + "Ulfila", + "Bishop Ulfila", + "Wulfila", + "Bishop Wulfila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Christian believed to be of Cappadocian descent who became bishop of the Visigoths in 341 and translated the Bible from Greek into Gothic; traditionally held to have invented the Gothic alphabet (311-382)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultramontane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman Catholic who advocates ultramontanism (supreme papal authority in matters of faith and discipline)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Undset", + "Sigrid Undset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Norwegian novelist (1882-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Untermeyer", + "Louis Untermeyer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1885-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Updike", + "John Updike", + "John Hoyer Updike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States author (born 1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Upjohn", + "Richard Upjohn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in England) (1802-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urban II", + "Odo", + "Odo of Lagery", + "Otho", + "Otho of Lagery" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urban V", + "Guillaume de Grimoard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French pope from 1362 to 1370 who tried to reestablish the papacy in Rome but in 1367 returned to Avignon hoping to end the war between France and England; canonized in 1870 (1310-1370)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urban VI", + "Bartolomeo Prignano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1378 to 1389 whose contested election began the Great Schism; he alienated his political allies by his ruthless treatment of his opponents (1318-1389)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urban VIII", + "Maffeo Barberini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian pope from 1623 to 1644 who sanctioned the condemnation of Galileo but later freed him (1568-1644)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Urey", + "Harold Urey", + "Harold Clayton Urey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist who discovered deuterium (1893-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Uriah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Old Testament) the husband of Bathsheba and a soldier who was sent to die in battle so that king David could marry his wife (circa 10th century BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ussher", + "James Ussher", + "Usher", + "James Usher" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish prelate who deduced from the Bible that Creation occurred in the year 4004 BC (1581-1656)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ustinov", + "Sir Peter Ustinov", + "Peter Alexander Ustinov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British actor and playwright (1921-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Utrillo", + "Maurice Utrillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter noted for his paintings of Parisian street scenes (1883-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van Allen", + "James Alfred Van Allen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who discovered two belts of charged particles from the solar wind trapped by the Earth's magnetic field (born in 1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanbrugh", + "John Vanbrugh", + "Sir John Vanbrigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect (1664-1726)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van Buren", + "Martin Van Buren", + "President Van Buren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "8th President of the United States (1782-1862)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vancouver", + "George Vancouver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English navigator remembered for his exploration of the Pacific coast of North America (1757-1798)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van de Graaff", + "Robert Van de Graaff", + "Robert Jemison Van de Graaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (1901-1967)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanderbilt", + "Cornelius Vanderbilt", + "Commodore Vanderbilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States financier who accumulated great wealth from railroad and shipping businesses (1794-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van der Waals", + "Johannes van der Waals", + "Johannes Diderik van der Waals" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physicist (1837-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van de Velde", + "Henri van de Velde", + "Henri Clemens van de Velde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Belgian architect (1863-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van Doren", + "Carl Van Doren", + "Carl Clinton Van Doren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and literary critic (1885-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vandyke", + "Van Dyck", + "Anthony Vandyke", + "Sir Anthony Vandyke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Flemish painter of numerous portraits (1599-1641)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van Gogh", + "Vincent van Gogh", + "Gogh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch Post-impressionist painter noted for his use of color (1853-1890)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Van Vleck", + "John Van Vleck", + "John Hasbrouck Van Vleck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (1899-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vanzetti", + "Bartolomeo Vanzetti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Nicola Sacco was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1888-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varese", + "Edgar Varese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States composer (born in France) whose music combines dissonance with complex rhythms and the use of electronic techniques (1883-1965)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vargas", + "Getulio Dornelles Vargas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian statesman who ruled Brazil as a virtual dictator (1883-1954)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vargas Llosa", + "Mario Vargas Llosa", + "Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian writer (born in 1936)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Varro", + "Marcus Terentius Varro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Roman scholar (116-27 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vasarely", + "Viktor Vasarely" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter (born in Hungary) who was a pioneer of op art (1908-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vasari", + "Giorgio Vasari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter and art historian (1511-1574)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaughan", + "Sarah Vaughan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaughan Williams", + "Ralph Vaughan Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer influenced by folk tunes and music of the Tudor period (1872-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaux", + "Calvert Vaux" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States landscape architect (born in England) who designed Central Park (1824-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veblen", + "Oswald Veblen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician (1880-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veblen", + "Thorstein Veblen", + "Thorstein Bunde Veblen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vega", + "Lope de Vega", + "Lope Felix de Vega Carpio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific Spanish playwright (1562-1635)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Velazquez", + "Diego Rodriguez de Silva y Velazquez" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish painter (1599-1660)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venn", + "John Venn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English logician who introduced Venn diagrams (1834-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ventner", + "Craig Ventner", + "J. Craig Ventner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States geneticist who published the complete base sequences for all the genes of a free-living organism, the influenza bacterium; later led team that developed a first draft of the entire human genome (born in 1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Venturi", + "Robert Venturi", + "Robert Charles Venturi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verdi", + "Giuseppe Verdi", + "Guiseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian operatic composer (1813-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verlaine", + "Paul Verlaine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French symbolist poet (1844-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vermeer", + "Jan Vermeer", + "Jan van der Meer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verne", + "Jules Verne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who is considered the father of science fiction (1828-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verner", + "Karl Adolph Verner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Danish philologist (1846-1896)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vernier", + "Paul Vernier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French mathematician who described the vernier scale (1580-1637)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Veronese", + "Paolo Veronese", + "Paola Caliari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian painter of the Venetian school (1528-1588)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verrazano", + "Giovanni da Verrazano", + "Verrazzano", + "Giovanni da Verrazzano" + ], + "it": [ + "Giovanni da Verrazzano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Versace", + "Gianni Versace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian fashion designer (1946-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Verwoerd", + "Hendrik Verwoerd", + "Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African statesman who instituted the policy of apartheid (1901-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesalius", + "Andreas Vesalius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy (1514-1564)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesey", + "Denmark Vesey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States freed slave and insurrectionist in South Carolina who was involved in planning an uprising of slaves and was hanged (1767-1822)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespasian", + "Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire; began the construction of the Colosseum (9-79)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vespucci", + "Amerigo Vespucci", + "Americus Vespucius" + ], + "it": [ + "Amerigo Vespucci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Florentine navigator who explored the coast of South America; America was named in his honor (1454-1512)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vestris", + "Gaetan Vestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian dancing-master for Louis XVI who was considered the greatest dancer of his day; he was the first to discard the mask in mime (1729-1808)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victor Emanuel II" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Italy who completed the unification of Italy by acquiring Venice and Rome (1820-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victor Emanuel III" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Italy who appointed Mussolini prime minister; he abdicated in 1946 and the monarchy was abolished (1869-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Victoria", + "Queen Victoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vidal", + "Gore Vidal", + "Eugene Luther Vidal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vigee-Lebrun", + "Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun", + "Marie Louise Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Villa", + "Pancho Villa", + "Francisco Villa", + "Doroteo Arango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Villa-Lobos", + "Heitor Villa-Lobos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian composer (1887-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Villard", + "Henry Villard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States railroad magnate and businessman (1835-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Villon", + "Francois Villon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French poet (flourished around 1460)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vinogradoff", + "Sir Paul Gavrilovich Vinogradoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British historian (born in Russia) (1854-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vinson", + "Frederick Moore Vinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court (1890-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virchow", + "Rudolf Virchow", + "Rudolf Karl Virchow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virgil", + "Vergil", + "Publius Vergilius Maro" + ], + "it": [ + "Virgilio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Roman poet; author of the epic poem `Aeneid' (70-19 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Visconti", + "Luchino Visconti", + "Don Luchino Visconti Conte di Modrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian filmmaker (1906-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vitus", + "St. Vitus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vivaldi", + "Antonio Vivaldi", + "Antonio Lucio Vivaldi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian baroque composer and violinist (1675-1741)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vizcaino", + "Sebastian Vizcaino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish explorer who was the first European to explore the California coast (1550-1615)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vlaminck", + "Maurice de Vlaminck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter and exponent of fauvism (1876-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Volta", + "Count Alessandro Volta", + "Conte Alessandro Volta", + "Conte Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Voltaire", + "Arouet", + "Francois-Marie Arouet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vonnegut", + "Kurt Vonnegut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose novels and short stories are a mixture of realism and satire and science fiction (born in 1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "von Neumann", + "Neumann", + "John von Neumann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician who contributed to the development of atom bombs and of stored-program digital computers (1903-1957)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "von Sternberg", + "Josef von Sternberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film maker (born in Austria) whose films made Marlene Dietrich an international star (1894-1969)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Voznesenski", + "Andrei Voznesenski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian poet (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vuillard", + "Edouard Vuillard", + "Jean Edouard Vuillard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter (1868-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wade", + "Virginia Wade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English tennis player who won many women's singles titles (born in 1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagner", + "Richard Wagner", + "Wilhelm Richard Wagner" + ], + "it": [ + "Wagner", + "Richard Wagner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer of operas and inventor of the musical drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wagner", + "Otto Wagner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian architect and pioneer of modern architecture (1841-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wain", + "John Wain", + "John Barrington Wain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1925-1994)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waite", + "Morrison Waite", + "Morrison R. Waite", + "Morrison Remick Waite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wajda", + "Andrzej Wajda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish filmmaker (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waldheim", + "Kurt Waldheim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian diplomat who was Secretary General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981; in 1986 he was elected president of Austria in spite of worldwide allegations that he had direct knowledge of Nazi atrocities during World War II (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walesa", + "Lech Walesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish labor leader and statesman (born in 1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walker", + "Alice Walker", + "Alice Malsenior Walker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walker", + "John Walker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand runner who in 1975 became the first person to run a mile in less that 3 minutes and 50 seconds (born in 1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wallace", + "Alfred Russel Wallace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English naturalist who formulated a concept of evolution that resembled Charles Darwin's (1823-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wallace", + "Edgar Wallace", + "Richard Horatio Edgar Wallace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer noted for his crime novels (1875-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wallace", + "Sir William Wallace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish insurgent who led the resistance to Edward I; in 1297 he gained control of Scotland briefly until Edward invaded Scotland again and defeated Wallace and subsequently executed him (1270-1305)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wallenstein", + "Albrecht Eusebius Wenzel von Wallenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian general who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War (1583-1634)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waller", + "Fats Waller", + "Thomas Wright Waller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz musician (1904-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walpole", + "Robert Walpole", + "Sir Robert Walpole", + "First Earl of Orford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Englishman and Whig statesman who (under George I) was effectively the first British prime minister (1676-1745)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walpole", + "Horace Walpole", + "Horatio Walpole", + "Fourth Earl of Orford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walter", + "Bruno Walter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German conductor (1876-1962)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walton", + "E. T. S. Walton", + "Ernest Walton", + "Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish physicist who (with Sir John Cockcroft in 1931) first split an atom (1903-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walton", + "Izaak Walton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer remember for his treatise on fishing (1593-1683)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Walton", + "William Walton", + "Sir William Walton", + "Sir William Turner Walton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English composer (1902-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wanamaker", + "John Wanamaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman whose business grew into one of the first department stores (1838-1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warburg", + "Aby Warburg", + "Aby Moritz Warburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German art historian (1866-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warburg", + "Otto Heinrich Warburg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German biochemist who pioneered the use of chemical techniques in biological investigations; noted for studies of cellular respiration (1883-1970)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ward", + "Montgomery Ward", + "Aaron Montgomery Ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman who in 1872 established a successful mail-order business (1843-1913)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ward", + "Mrs. Humphrey Ward", + "Mary Augusta Arnold Ward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels who was an active opponent of the women's suffrage movement (1851-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ward", + "Barbara Ward", + "Baroness Jackson of Lodsworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English economist and conservationist (1914-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warhol", + "Andy Warhol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States artist who was a leader of the Pop Art movement (1930-1987)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warner", + "Charles Dudley Warner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker who with his brothers founded the movie studio that produced the first talking picture (1881-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warren", + "Earl Warren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1891-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warren", + "Robert Penn Warren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and poet (1905-1989)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Warwick", + "Earl of Warwick", + "Richard Neville", + "Kingmaker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington", + "George Washington", + "President Washington" + ], + "it": [ + "Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Washington", + "Booker T. Washington", + "Booker Taliaferro Washington" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wassermann", + "August von Wassermann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German bacteriologist who developed a diagnostic test for syphilis (1866-1925)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waters", + "Ethel Waters" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actress and singer (1896-1977)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watson", + "James Watson", + "James Dewey Watson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States geneticist who (with Crick in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watson", + "John Broadus Watson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist considered the founder of behavioristic psychology (1878-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watson", + "Thomas Augustus Watson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States telephone engineer who assisted Alexander Graham Bell in his experiments (1854-1934)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watt", + "James Watt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watteau", + "Jean Antoine Watteau" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French painter (1684-1721)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Watts", + "Isaac Watts" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet and theologian (1674-1748)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Waugh", + "Evelyn Waugh", + "Evelyn Arthur Saint John Waugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author of satirical novels (1903-1966)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wavell", + "Archibald Percival Wavell", + "First Earl Wavell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British field marshal in North Africa in World War II; he defeated the Italians before being defeated by the Germans (1883-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wayne", + "Anthony Wayne", + "Mad Anthony Wayne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American general during the American Revolution (1745-1796)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wayne", + "John Wayne", + "Duke Wayne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actor who played tough heroes (1907-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Webb", + "Sidney Webb", + "Sidney James Webb", + "First Baron Passfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English sociologist and economist and a central member of the Fabian Society (1859-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Webb", + "Beatrice Webb", + "Martha Beatrice Potter Webb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber", + "E. H. Weber", + "Ernst Heinrich Weber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physiologist who studied sensory responses to stimuli and is considered the father of psychophysics (1795-1878)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber", + "Carl Maria von Weber", + "Baron Karl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German conductor and composer of romantic operas (1786-1826)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber", + "Max Weber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German sociologist and pioneer of the analytic method in sociology (1864-1920)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber", + "Max Weber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abstract painter (born in Russia) (1881-1961)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weber", + "Wilhelm Eduard Weber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German physicist and brother of E. H. Weber; noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1804-1891)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Webster", + "Noah Webster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lexicographer (1758-1843)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Webster", + "Daniel Webster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States politician and orator (1782-1817)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Webster", + "John Webster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright (1580-1625)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wedgwood", + "Josiah Wedgwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English potter (1730-1795)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wegener", + "Alfred Lothar Wegener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German geophysicist who proposed the theory of continental drift (1880-1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weil", + "Andre Weil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician (born in France) (1906-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weil", + "Simone Weil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French philosopher (1909-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weill", + "Kurt Weill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German composer; collaborated with Bertolt Brecht (1900-1950)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weinberg", + "Steven Weinberg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States theoretical physicist (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weismann", + "August Friedrich Leopold Weismann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German biologist who was one of the founders of modern genetics; his theory of genetic transmission ruled out the possibility of transmitting acquired characteristics (1834-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weizmann", + "Chaim Weizmann", + "Chaim Azriel Weizmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli statesman who persuaded the United States to recognize the new state of Israel and became its first president (1874-1952)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weld", + "Theodore Dwight Weld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States abolitionist (1803-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welles", + "Orson Welles", + "George Orson Welles" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States actor and filmmaker (1915-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wellington", + "Duke of Wellington", + "First Duke of Wellington", + "Arthur Wellesley", + "Iron Duke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wells", + "H. G. Wells", + "Herbert George Wells" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific English writer best known for his science-fiction novels; he also wrote on contemporary social problems and wrote popular accounts of history and science (1866-1946)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welty", + "Eudora Welty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer about rural southern life (1909-2001)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Werfel", + "Franz Werfel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1890-1945)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wernicke", + "Karl Wernicke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wesley", + "John Wesley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman and founder of Methodism (1703-1791)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wesley", + "Charles Wesley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman and brother of John Wesley who wrote many hymns (1707-1788)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West", + "Benjamin West" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English painter (born in America) who became the second president of the Royal Academy (1738-1820)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West", + "Mae West" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (1892-1980)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West", + "Rebecca West", + "Dame Rebecca West", + "Cicily Isabel Fairfield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Westinghouse", + "George Westinghouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor and manufacturer (1846-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Weston", + "Edward Weston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States photographer(1886-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wharton", + "Edith Wharton", + "Edith Newbold Jones Wharton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States novelist (1862-1937)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheatley", + "Phillis Wheatley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America (1753-1784)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheatstone", + "Sir Charles Wheatstone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physicist and inventor who devised the Wheatstone bridge (1802-1875)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wheeler", + "Sir Mortimer Wheeler", + "Sir Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish archaeologist (1890-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whistler", + "James Abbott McNeill Whistler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (1834-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "Andrew D. White", + "Andrew Dickson White" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "E. B. White", + "Elwyn Brooks White" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer noted for his humorous essays (1899-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "Stanford White" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States architect (1853-1906)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "T. H. White", + "Theodore Harold White" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States political journalist (1915-1986)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "Patrick White", + "Patrick Victor Martindale White" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian writer (1912-1990)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "White", + "Edward White", + "Edward D. White", + "Edward Douglas White Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitehead", + "Alfred North Whitehead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Bertrand Russell (1861-1947)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitman", + "Marcus Whitman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States frontier missionary who established a post in Oregon where Christianity and schooling and medicine were available to Native Americans (1802-1847)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitman", + "Walt Whitman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet who celebrated the greatness of America (1819-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whitney", + "Eli Whitney" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whittier", + "John Greenleaf Whittier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet best known for his nostalgic poems about New England (1807-1892)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Whittle", + "Frank Whittle", + "Sir Frank Whittle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English aeronautical engineer who invented the jet aircraft engine (1907-1996)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiener", + "Norbert Wiener" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States mathematician and founder of cybernetics (1894-1964)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiesel", + "Elie Wiesel", + "Eliezer Wiesel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in Romania) who survived Nazi concentration camps and is dedicated to keeping alive the memory of the Holocaust (born in 1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wiesenthal", + "Samuel Wiesenthal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian investigator of Nazi war crimes (born in 1908)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wigner", + "Eugene Wigner", + "Eugene Paul Wigner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on the structure of the atom and its nucleus (1902-1995)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilde", + "Oscar Wilde", + "Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilder", + "Billy Wilder", + "Samuel Wilder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in Austria) whose dark humor infused many of the films he made (1906-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilder", + "Thornton Wilder", + "Thornton Niven Wilder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilhelm II", + "Kaiser Wilhelm", + "Kaiser Bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grandson of Queen Victoria and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918; he was vilified as causing World War I (1859-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkes", + "Charles Wilkes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States explorer of Antarctica (1798-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkes", + "John Wilkes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English reformer who published attacks on George III and supported the rights of the American colonists (1727-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkins", + "Maurice Wilkins", + "Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English biochemist who helped discover the structure of DNA (1916-2004)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkins", + "George Hubert Wilkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian who was the first to explore the Arctic by airplane (1888-1958)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkins", + "Roy Wilkins" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader (1901-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilkinson", + "Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist honored for his research on pollutants in car exhausts (born in 1921)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Willard", + "Emma Hart Willard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States educator who was an early campaigner for higher education for women (1787-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Willard", + "Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States advocate of temperance and women's suffrage (1839-1898)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Willebrand", + "von Willebrand", + "E. A. von Willebrand", + "Erik von Willebrand", + "Erik Adolf von Willebrand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "William I", + "William the Conqueror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England; he defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "William II", + "William Rufus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the second son of William the Conqueror who succeeded him as King of England (1056-1100)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "William III", + "William of Orange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England and Scotland and Ireland; he married the daughter of James II and was invited by opponents of James II to invade England; when James fled, William III and Mary II were declared joint monarchs (1650-1702)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "William IV", + "Sailor King" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "King of England and Ireland; son of George III who ascended the throne after a long naval career (1765-1837)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "Tennessee Williams", + "Thomas Lanier Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States playwright (1911-1983)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "Roger Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663 (1603-1683)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "Ted Williams", + "Theodore Samuel Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player noted as a hitter (1918-2002)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "William Carlos Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1883-1963)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "Sir Bernard Williams", + "Bernard Arthur Owen Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Williams", + "Hank Williams", + "Hiram Williams", + "Hiram King Williams" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Willis", + "Thomas Willis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilmut", + "Ian Wilmut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English geneticist who succeeded in cloning a sheep from a cell from an adult ewe (born in 1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Woodrow Wilson", + "Thomas Woodrow Wilson", + "President Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "28th President of the United States; led the United States in World War I and secured the formation of the League of Nations (1856-1924)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Edmund Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States literary critic (1895-1972)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Charles Thomson Rees Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish physicist who invented the cloud chamber (1869-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "E. O. Wilson", + "Edward Osborne Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States entomologist who has generalized from social insects to other animals including humans (born in 1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "James Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1742-1798)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "John Tuzo Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian geophysicist who was a pioneer in the study of plate tectonics (1908-1993)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Robert Woodrow Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist honored for his work on cosmic microwave radiation (born in 1918)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Alexander Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Scottish ornithologist in the United States (1766-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Sir Angus Wilson", + "Angus Frank Johnstone Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels and short stories (1913-1991)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wilson", + "Harriet Wilson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winckelmann", + "Johann Winckelmann", + "Johann Joachim Winckelmann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German archaeologist and art historian said to be the father of archaeology (1717-1768)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Windaus", + "Adolf Windaus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist who studied steroids and cholesterol and discovered histamine (1876-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winslow", + "Edward Winslow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English colonial administrator who traveled to America on the Mayflower and served as the first governor of the Plymouth Colony (1595-1655)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wise", + "Isaac Mayer Wise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious leader (born in Bohemia) who united reform Jewish organizations in the United States (1819-1900)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wise", + "Stephen Samuel Wise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States Jewish leader (born in Hungary) (1874-1949)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wister", + "Owen Wister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (1860-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Witherspoon", + "John Witherspoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American Revolutionary leader and educator (born in Scotland) who signed of the Declaration of Independence and was president of the college that became Princeton University (1723-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wittgenstein", + "Ludwig Wittgenstein", + "Ludwig Josef Johan Wittgenstein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wodehouse", + "P. G. Wodehouse", + "Pelham Grenville Wodehouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer known for his humorous novels and stories (1881-1975)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolf", + "Friedrich August Wolf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German classical scholar who claimed that the Iliad and Odyssey were composed by several authors (1759-1824)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolf", + "Hugo Wolf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian composer (1860-1903)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolfe", + "Thomas Wolfe", + "Thomas Clayton Wolfe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer best known for his autobiographical novels (1900-1938)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolfe", + "Tom Wolfe", + "Thomas Wolfe", + "Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer who has written extensively on American culture (born in 1931)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolff", + "Kaspar Friedrich Wolff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German anatomist (1733-1794)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wollaston", + "William Hyde Wollaston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English chemist and physicist who discovered palladium and rhodium and demonstrated that static and current electricity are the same (1766-1828)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wollstonecraft", + "Mary Wollstonecraft", + "Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women; mother of Mary Shelley (1759-1797)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wood", + "Grant Wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter noted for works based on life in the Midwest (1892-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wood", + "Mrs. Henry Wood", + "Ellen Price Wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer of novels about murders and thefts and forgeries (1814-1887)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wood", + "Sir Henry Wood", + "Sir Henry Joseph Wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English conductor (1869-1944)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wood", + "Natalie Wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film actress (1938-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woodbury", + "Helen Laura Sumner Woodbury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States social economist (1876-1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woodhull", + "Victoria Clafin Woodhull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States advocate of women's suffrage; in 1872 she was the first woman to run for the United States presidency (1838-1927)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woodward", + "Bob Woodward", + "Robert Woodward", + "Robert Burns Woodward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woodward", + "C. Vann Woodward", + "Comer Vann Woodward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States historian (1908-1999)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woolf", + "Virginia Woolf", + "Adeline Virginia Stephen Woolf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English author whose work used such techniques as stream of consciousness and the interior monologue; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1882-1941)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woollcott", + "Alexander Woollcott" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States drama critic and journalist (1887-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woolley", + "Sir Leonard Woolley", + "Sir Charles Leonard Woolley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English archaeologist who supervised the excavations at Ur (1880-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Woolworth", + "Frank Winfield Woolworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman who opened a shop in 1879 selling low-priced goods and built it into a national chain of stores (1852-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Worcester", + "Joseph Emerson Worcester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wordsworth", + "William Wordsworth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a romantic English poet whose work was inspired by the Lake District where he spent most of his life (1770-1850)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Worth", + "Charles Frederick Worth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wouk", + "Herman Wouk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer (born in 1915)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wren", + "Sir Christopher Wren" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect who designed more than fifty London churches (1632-1723)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Frances Wright", + "Fanny Wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States early feminist (born in Scotland) (1795-1852)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Frank Lloyd Wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influential United States architect (1869-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Orville Wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Wilbur Wright) invented the airplane (1871-1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Wilbur Wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Orville Wright) invented the airplane (1867-1912)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Richard Wright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer whose work is concerned with the oppression of African Americans (1908-1960)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wright", + "Willard Huntington Wright", + "S. S. Van Dine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wurlitzer", + "Rudolf Wurlitzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States businessman (born in German) who founded a company to make pipe organs (1831-1914)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyatt", + "Sir Thomas Wyatt", + "Wyat", + "Sir Thomas Wyat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyatt", + "James Wyatt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English architect (1746-1813)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wycherley", + "William Wycherley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English playwright noted for his humorous and satirical plays (1640-1716)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wycliffe", + "John Wycliffe", + "Wickliffe", + "John Wickliffe", + "Wyclif", + "John Wyclif", + "Wiclif", + "John Wiclif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyeth", + "Andrew Wyeth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States painter (born in 1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wykeham", + "William of Wykeham" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English prelate and statesman; founded a college at Oxford and Winchester College in Winchester; served as chancellor of England and bishop of Winchester (1324-1404)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyler", + "William Wyler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (1902-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wylie", + "Elinor Morton Hoyt Wylie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States poet (1885-1928)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wynette", + "Tammy Wynette", + "Tammy Wynetter Pugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States country singer (1942-1998)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wyszynski", + "Stefan Wyszynski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Polish prelate who persuaded the Soviet to allow greater religious freedom in Poland (1901-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xavier", + "Saint Francis Xavier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Spanish missionary and Jesuit who establish missionaries in Japan and Ceylon and the East Indies (1506-1552)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenophanes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek philosopher (560-478 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xenophon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Greek general and historian; student of Socrates (430-355 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xerxes I", + "Xerxes the Great" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "king of Persia who led a vast army against Greece and won the battle of Thermopylae but was eventually defeated (519-465 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yale", + "Elihu Yale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English philanthropist who made contributions to a college in Connecticut that was renamed in his honor (1649-1721)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yamamoto", + "Isoroku Yamamoto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese admiral who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 (1884-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yamani", + "Ahmed Zoki Yamani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Saudi Arabian minister of petroleum who was a central figure in the creation of OPEC (born in 1930)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yang Chen Ning", + "Chen N. Yang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist (born in China) who collaborated with Tsung Dao Lee in disproving the principle of conservation of parity (born in 1922)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yastrzemski", + "Carl Yastrzemski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player (born in 1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yeats", + "William Butler Yeats", + "W. B. Yeats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Irish poet and dramatist (1865-1939)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yerkes", + "Robert M. Yerkes", + "Robert Mearns Yerkes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States psychologist who studied the intelligence of primates (1876-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yersin", + "Alexandre Yersin", + "Alexandre Emile Jean Yersin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yevtushenko", + "Yevgeni Yevtushenko", + "Yevgeni Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Russian poet who expressed the feelings of the post-Stalinist generation (born in 1933)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Brigham Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States religious leader of the Mormon Church after the assassination of Joseph Smith; he led the Mormon exodus from Illinois to Salt Lake City, Utah (1801-1877)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Cy Young", + "Danton True Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States baseball player and famous pitcher (1867-1955)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Edward Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English poet (1683-1765)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Pres Young", + "Lester Willis Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States jazz tenor saxophonist (1909-1959)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Thomas Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British physicist and Egyptologist; he revived the wave theory of light and proposed a three-component theory of color vision; he also played an important role in deciphering the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone (1773-1829)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Whitney Young", + "Whitney Moore Young Jr." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Young", + "Loretta Young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States film and television actress (1913-2000)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Yukawa", + "Hideki Yukawa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese mathematical physicist who proposed that nuclear forces are mediated by massive particles called mesons which are analogous to the photon in mediating electromagnetic forces (1907-1981)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zaharias", + "Babe Zaharias", + "Didrikson", + "Babe Didrikson", + "Mildred Ella Didrikson", + "Mildred Ella Didrikson Zaharias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zangwill", + "Israel Zangwill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "English writer (1864-1926)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zanuck", + "Darryl Zanuck", + "Darryl Francis Zanuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker whose works include the first full-length feature film with sound sequences (1902-1979)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zapata", + "Emiliano Zapata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexican revolutionary who led a revolt for agrarian reforms (1879-1919)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zechariah", + "Zacharias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 6th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeeman", + "Pieter Zeeman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Dutch physicist honored for his research on the influence of magnetism on radiation which showed that light is radiated by the motion of charged particles in an atom (1865-1943)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeno", + "Zeno of Citium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic school (circa 335-263 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeno", + "Zeno of Elea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zephaniah", + "Sophonias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 7th century BC" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zeppelin", + "Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German inventor who designed and built the first rigid motorized dirigible (1838-1917)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zhou En-lai", + "Chou En-lai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese revolutionary and communist leader (1898-1976)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zhukov", + "Georgi Zhukov", + "Georgi Konstantinovich Zhukov" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Soviet general who during World Warr II directed the counteroffensive at Stalingrad and relieved Leningrad and captured Berlin (1896-1974)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ziegfeld", + "Flo Ziegfeld", + "Florenz Ziegfeld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States theatrical producer noted for a series of extravagant revues known as the Ziegfeld Follies (1869-1932)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ziegler", + "Karl Waldemar Ziegler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist honored for his research on polymers (1898-1973)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zimbalist", + "Efrem Zimbalist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States violinist (born in Russia) (1889-1985)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zinnemann", + "Fred Zinnemann" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States filmmaker (born in Austria) (1907-1997)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zinsser", + "Hans Zinsser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States bacteriologist who helped develop immunization against typhus fever (1878-1940)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zinzendorf", + "Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German theologian (1700-1760)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zola", + "Emile Zola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "French novelist and critic; defender of Dreyfus (1840-1902)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zoroaster", + "Zarathustra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Persian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism (circa 628-551 BC)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zsigmondy", + "Richard Adolph Zsigmondy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "German chemist (born in Austria) honored for his research on colloidal solutions (1865-1929)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zukerman", + "Pinchas Zukerman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Israeli violinist (born in 1948)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zweig", + "Stefan Zweig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Austrian writer (1881-1942)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zwingli", + "Ulrich Zwingli", + "Huldreich Zwingli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Swiss theologian whose sermons began the Reformation in Switzerland (1484-1531)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zworykin", + "Vladimir Kosma Zworykin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "United States physicist who invented the iconoscope (1889-1982)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natural phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno naturale", + "natura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all phenomena that are not artificial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levitation" + ], + "it": [ + "levitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of a person or thing rising into the air by apparently supernatural means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metempsychosis", + "rebirth" + ], + "it": [ + "metempsicosi", + "reincarnazione", + "rincarnazione", + "transanimazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "after death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any natural phenomenon involving chemistry (as changes to atoms or molecules)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allotropy", + "allotropism" + ], + "it": [ + "allotropia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of an element existing in two or more physical forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoconductivity", + "photoconduction" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoconducibilità", + "fotoconduttività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in the electrical conductivity of a substance as a result of absorbing electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superconductivity" + ], + "it": [ + "superconduttività" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the disappearance of electrical resistance at very low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photochemical exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an exchange produced by the chemical action of radiant energy (especially light)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoemission" + ], + "it": [ + "fotoemissione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an emission of photoelectrons (especially from a metallic surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallization", + "crystallisation", + "crystallizing" + ], + "it": [ + "cristallizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formation of crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efflorescence", + "bloom" + ], + "it": [ + "efflorescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a powdery deposit on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consequence", + "effect", + "outcome", + "result", + "event", + "issue", + "upshot" + ], + "it": [ + "conclusione", + "conseguenza", + "effetto", + "portato", + "resultato", + "risultato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftereffect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any result that follows its cause after an interval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aftermath", + "wake", + "backwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandwagon effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of a popular trend attracting even greater popularity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brisance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shattering or crushing effect of a sudden release of energy as in an explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon whereby a small change at one place in a complex system can have large effects elsewhere, e.g., a butterfly flapping its wings in Rio de Janeiro might change the weather in Chicago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-product", + "byproduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary and sometimes unexpected consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "alterazione", + "cambiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the result of alteration or modification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coattails effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(politics) the consequence of one popular candidate in an election drawing votes for other members of the same political party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coriolis effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an effect whereby a body moving in a rotating frame of reference experiences the Coriolis force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation; on Earth the Coriolis effect deflects moving bodies to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an appreciable consequence (especially a lessening)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic phenomenon in which one of a pair of alleles present in a genotype is expressed in the phenotype and the other allele of the pair is not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domino effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consequence of one event setting off a chain of similar events (like a falling domino causing a whole row of upended dominos to fall)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest" + ], + "it": [ + "messe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the consequence of an effort or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impact", + "wallop" + ], + "it": [ + "impatto", + "effetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a forceful consequence; a strong effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence" + ], + "it": [ + "influenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the effect of one thing (or person) on another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturbation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a secondary influence on a system that causes it to deviate slightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purchase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a means of exerting influence or gaining advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tendency or force that influences events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock-on effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary or incidental effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outgrowth", + "branch", + "offshoot", + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural consequence of development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "product" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placebo effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any effect that seems to be a consequence of administering a placebo; the change is usually beneficial and is assumed result from the person's faith in the treatment or preconceptions about what the experimental drug was supposed to do; pharmacologists were the first to talk about placebo effects but now the idea has been generalized to many situations having nothing to do with drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the effect on the expression of a gene that is produced by changing its location in a chromosome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repercussion", + "reverberation" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccolpo", + "ripercussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a remote or indirect consequence of some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "response" + ], + "it": [ + "risposta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a response that reveals a person's feelings or attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side effect", + "fallout" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto collaterale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any adverse and unwanted secondary effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "something used to achieve a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geological phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno geologico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural phenomenon involving the structure or composition of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endogeny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a geological phenomenon below the surface of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luck", + "fortune", + "chance", + "hazard" + ], + "it": [ + "destino", + "sorte", + "caso", + "fortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another" + ], + "it": [ + "forza sconosciuta e imprevedibile che influisce sugli avvenimenti producendo un esito positivo o negativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luck", + "fortune" + ], + "it": [ + "fortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that leads to a favorable outcome" + ], + "it": [ + "forza sconosciuta e imprevedibile che produce un esito favorevole degli avvenimenti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organic phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a natural phenomenon involving living plants and animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "physical phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno fisico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a natural phenomenon involving the physical properties of matter and energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberration", + "distortion", + "optical aberration" + ], + "it": [ + "distorsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abiogenesis", + "autogenesis", + "autogeny", + "spontaneous generation" + ], + "it": [ + "abiogenesi", + "autogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dark band in the spectrum of white light that has been transmitted through a substance that exhibits absorption at selective wavelengths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectrum" + ], + "it": [ + "spettro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ordered array of the components of an emission or wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorption spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that has passed through a medium that absorbed radiation of certain wavelengths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actinic radiation", + "actinic ray" + ], + "it": [ + "radiazione attinica", + "raggio attinico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiation that can produce photochemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the efficiency with which electromagnetic radiation produces a photochemical reaction plotted as a function of the wavelength of the radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activation energy", + "energy of activation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process (such as an emission or reaction) can occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerodynamic force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forces acting on airfoils in motion relative to the air (or other gaseous fluids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerodynamic lift", + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the component of the aerodynamic forces acting on an airfoil that opposes gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apparent increase in aerodynamic lift experienced by an aircraft flying close to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerosol" + ], + "it": [ + "aerosol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloud of solid or liquid particles in a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity", + "chemical attraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force attracting atoms to each other and binding them together in a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air pocket", + "pocket", + "air hole" + ], + "it": [ + "vuoto d'aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a local region of low pressure or descending air that causes a plane to lose height suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slipstream", + "airstream", + "race", + "backwash", + "wash" + ], + "it": [ + "getto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airstream" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a relatively well-defined prevailing wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alluvial fan", + "alluvial cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fan-shaped deposit where a fast flowing stream flattens out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha radiation", + "alpha ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the radiation of alpha particles during radioactive decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpha rhythm", + "alpha wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal brainwave in the electroencephalogram of a person who is awake but relaxed; occurs with a frequency of 8-12 hertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternating current", + "AC", + "alternating electric current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric current that reverses direction sinusoidally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternation of generations", + "heterogenesis", + "xenogenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "eterogenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternative energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy derived from sources that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metagenesis", + "digenesis" + ], + "it": [ + "metagenesi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternation of sexual and asexual generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amperage" + ], + "it": [ + "amperaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the strength of an electrical current measured in amperes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annual ring", + "growth ring" + ], + "it": [ + "anello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an annual formation of wood in plants as they grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitrades" + ], + "it": [ + "antialiseo", + "contraliseo", + "controalisei", + "controaliseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind in the upper atmosphere blowing above but in the opposite direction from the trade winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apparent motion", + "motion", + "apparent movement", + "movement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon associated with the production or transmission of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric phenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "fenomeno atmosferico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon associated with the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic energy", + "nuclear energy" + ], + "it": [ + "energia nucleare", + "nucleare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the energy released by a nuclear reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic power", + "nuclear power" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nuclear energy regarded as a source of electricity for the power grid (for civilian use)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomic spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a spectrum of radiation caused by electron transitions within an atom; the series of spectrum lines is characteristic of the element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attraction", + "attractive force" + ], + "it": [ + "attrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force by which one object attracts another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affinity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repulsion", + "repulsive force" + ], + "it": [ + "repulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force by which bodies repel one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aureole", + "corona" + ], + "it": [ + "aureola", + "corona solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurora" + ], + "it": [ + "aurora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's magnetic lines of force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurora australis", + "southern lights" + ], + "it": [ + "aurora astrale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aurora of the southern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurora borealis", + "northern lights" + ], + "it": [ + "aurora boreale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aurora of the northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autofluorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "autofluorescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "self-induced fluorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bad luck", + "mischance", + "mishap" + ], + "it": [ + "sfortuna", + "sfiga", + "iella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate" + ], + "it": [ + "forza sconosciuta che fa andar male le cose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam", + "beam of light", + "light beam", + "ray", + "ray of light", + "shaft", + "shaft of light", + "irradiation" + ], + "it": [ + "fascio di luce", + "fascio luminoso", + "fascio", + "raggio di luce", + "raggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a column of light (as from a beacon)" + ], + "it": [ + "una colonna di luce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam", + "ray", + "electron beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of nearly parallel lines of electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathode ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam of electrons emitted by the cathode of an electrical discharge tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta radiation", + "beta ray", + "electron radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation of beta particles during radioactive decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beta rhythm", + "beta wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person who is awake and alert; occurs with a frequency between 12 and 30 hertz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "binding energy", + "separation energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the energy required to separate particles from a molecule or atom or nucleus; equals the mass defect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioelectricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric phenomena in animals or plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bise", + "bize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry cold north wind in southeastern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric pressure", + "air pressure", + "pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure exerted by the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black-body radiation", + "blackbody radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electromagnetic radiation that would be radiated from an ideal black body; the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of a black body depends only on temperature and is determined by Planck's radiation law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood pressure" + ], + "it": [ + "pressione del sangue", + "pressione sanguigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels; results from the systole of the left ventricle of the heart; sometimes measured for a quick evaluation of a person's health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systolic pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) during the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diastolic pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) after the contraction of the heart while the chambers of the heart refill with blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterial pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure of the circulating blood on the arteries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venous pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure exerted on the walls of the veins by the circulating blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boundary layer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of slower flow of a fluid past a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainwave", + "brain wave", + "cortical potential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurophysiology) rapid fluctuations of voltage between parts of the cerebral cortex that are detectable with an electroencephalograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calm air", + "calm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving at less than 1 knot; 0 on the Beaufort scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeze", + "zephyr", + "gentle wind", + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "arietta", + "aura", + "brezza", + "zeffiro", + "zefiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight wind (usually refreshing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "brezza di mare", + "brezza marina", + "ponentino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooling breeze from the sea (during the daytime)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breath" + ], + "it": [ + "alito", + "soffio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slight movement of the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light air" + ], + "it": [ + "bava di vento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 1-3 knots; 1 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento molto debole e spesso intermittente, corrispondente al grado 1 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "aura", + "brezza leggera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 4-7 knots; 2 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento che si muove con forza 2 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentle breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "brezza tesa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 8-12 knots; 3 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento che si muove con forza 3 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderate breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "vento moderato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 13-18 knots; 4 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento del grado 4 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "vento teso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 19-24 knots; 5 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento che si muove con forza 5 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong breeze" + ], + "it": [ + "vento fresco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 25-31 knots; 6 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento che si muove con forza 6 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brownian movement", + "Brownian motion", + "pedesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge between electrodes creating visible streamers of ionized particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlelight", + "candle flame" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "lume di candela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the light provided by a burning candle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitance", + "electrical capacity", + "capacity" + ], + "it": [ + "capacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical phenomenon whereby an electric charge is stored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastance", + "electrical elastance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the reciprocal of capacitance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capillarity", + "capillary action" + ], + "it": [ + "capillarità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenomenon associated with surface tension and resulting in the elevation or depression of liquids in capillaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catastrophe", + "cataclysm" + ], + "it": [ + "calamità", + "cataclisma", + "catastrofe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden violent change in the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear winter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a long period of darkness and extreme cold that scientists predict would follow a full-scale nuclear war; a layer of dust and smoke in the atmosphere would cover the earth and block the rays of the sun; most living organisms would perish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continental drift" + ], + "it": [ + "deriva dei continenti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gradual movement and formation of continents (as described by plate tectonics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrifugal force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the outward force on a body moving in a curved path around another body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centripetal force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the inward force on a body moving in a curved path around another body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaos" + ], + "it": [ + "caos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the formless and disordered state of matter before the creation of the cosmos" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "electric charge" + ], + "it": [ + "carica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electric charge at rest on the surface of an insulated body (which establishes and adjacent electrostatic field)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrostatic field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric field associated with static electric charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyroelectricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generation of an electric charge on certain crystals (such as tourmaline) as a result of a change in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "positive charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a deficiency of electrons; having a higher electric potential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negative charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having a surplus of electrons; having a lower electric potential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marks on a glaciated rock caused by the movement of a glacier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical bond", + "bond" + ], + "it": [ + "legame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical force linking atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of forming chemical bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohesion" + ], + "it": [ + "coesione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the intermolecular force that holds together the molecules in a solid or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covalent bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-link", + "cross-linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a side bond that links two adjacent chains of atoms in a complex molecule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g., oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionic bond", + "electrovalent bond", + "electrostatic bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionizing radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "high-energy radiation capable of producing ionization in substances through which it passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate bond", + "dative bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a covalent bond in which both electrons are provided by one of the atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metallic bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chemical bond in which electrons are shared over many nuclei and electronic conduction occurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptide bond", + "peptide linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the primary linkage of all protein structures; the chemical bond between the carboxyl groups and amino groups that unites a peptide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemical energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinook", + "chinook wind", + "snow eater" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm dry wind blowing down the eastern slopes of the Rockies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmattan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dusty wind from the Sahara that blows toward the western coast of Africa during the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chromatic aberration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical aberration in which the image has colored fringes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulation" + ], + "it": [ + "circolazione", + "circolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "movement through a circuit; especially the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systemic circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulmonary circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitelline circulation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulation of blood between the embryo and the yolk sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "nube", + "nuvola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave of unusually cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold weather" + ], + "it": [ + "gelo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of unusually cold weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coriolis force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a force due to the earth's rotation; acts on a body in motion (airplane or projectile) in a rotating reference frame; in a rotating frame of reference Newton's second law of motion can be made to apply if in addition to the real forces acting on a body a Coriolis force and a centrifugal force are introduced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "frost" + ], + "it": [ + "gelata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weather cold enough to cause freezing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one or more circles of light seen around a luminous object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corona discharge", + "corona", + "corposant", + "St. Elmo's fire", + "Saint Elmo's fire", + "Saint Elmo's light", + "Saint Ulmo's fire", + "Saint Ulmo's light", + "electric glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmic background radiation", + "CBR", + "cosmic microwave background radiation", + "CMBR", + "cosmic microwave background", + "CMB" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmic dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clouds of particles or gases occurring throughout interstellar space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmic radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation coming from outside the solar system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosmic ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly penetrating ionizing radiation of extraterrestrial origin; consisting chiefly of protons and alpha particles; collision with atmospheric particles results in rays and particles of many kinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloud of dust suspended in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom", + "mushroom cloud", + "mushroom-shaped cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterglow", + "gegenschein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a faint spot of light in the night sky that appears directly opposite the position of the sun; a reflection of sunlight by micrometeoric material in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosswind" + ], + "it": [ + "vento di traverso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind blowing across the path of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fohn", + "foehn" + ], + "it": [ + "fohn", + "foehn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm dry wind that blows down the northern slopes of the Alps" + ], + "it": [ + "vento caldo e secco che discende da una catena montuosa dopo averla scavalcata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "khamsin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an oppressively hot southerly wind from the Sahara that blows across Egypt in the spring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Ana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong hot dry wind that blows in winter from the deserts of southern California toward the Pacific Coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a very strong wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headwind" + ], + "it": [ + "vento di prua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind blowing opposite to the path of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katabatic wind", + "catabatic wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind caused by the downward motion of cold air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailwind" + ], + "it": [ + "vento in coda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind blowing in the same direction as the path of a ship or aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "current", + "electric current" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente", + "corrente elettrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flow of electricity through a conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclone" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent rotating windstorm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclosis", + "streaming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the circulation of cytoplasm within a cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daylight" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaro", + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light during the daytime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "death" + ], + "it": [ + "morte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the permanent end of all life functions in an organism or part of an organism" + ], + "it": [ + "la fine permanente delle funzioni vitali di un organismo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decalescence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phenomenon that occurs when a metal is being heated and there is a sudden slowing in the rate of temperature increase; slowing is caused by a change in the internal crystal structure of the metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay", + "decomposition" + ], + "it": [ + "decomponimento", + "decomposizione", + "disfacimento", + "dissolvimento", + "marcimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic phenomenon of rotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehiscence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) release of material by splitting open of an organ or tissue; the natural bursting open at maturity of a fruit or other reproductive body to release seeds or spores or the bursting open of a surgically closed wound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delta rhythm", + "delta wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person in deep dreamless sleep; occurs with high voltage and low frequency (1 to 4 hertz)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit", + "sedimentation", + "alluviation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desquamation", + "peeling", + "shedding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loss of bits of outer skin by peeling or shedding or coming off in scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the peeling off in flakes or scales of bark or dead skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother lode", + "champion lode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the main vein of ore in a deposit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lode", + "load" + ], + "it": [ + "vena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a deposit of valuable ore occurring within definite boundaries separating it from surrounding rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condensation", + "condensate" + ], + "it": [ + "condensa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric moisture that has condensed because of cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condensation of moisture on a cold surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diapedesis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passage of blood cells (especially white blood cells) through intact capillary walls and into the surrounding tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichroism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleochroism of a crystal so that it exhibits two different colors when viewed from two different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffraction" + ], + "it": [ + "diffrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "when light passes sharp edges or goes through narrow slits the rays are deflected and produce fringes of light and dark bands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct current", + "DC", + "direct electric current" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente continua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric current that flows in one direction steadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric quantity (voltage or current or field strength) whose modulation represents coded information about the source from which it comes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a signal that temporarily stops the execution of a program so that another procedure can be carried out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doldrums" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a belt of calms and light winds between the northern and southern trade winds of the Atlantic and Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift", + "impetus", + "impulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "impeto", + "slancio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a force that moves something along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust devil" + ], + "it": [ + "mulinello di polvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a miniature whirlwind strong enough to whip dust and leaves and litter into the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust storm", + "duster", + "sandstorm", + "sirocco" + ], + "it": [ + "tempesta di sabbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a windstorm that lifts up clouds of dust or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east wind", + "easter", + "easterly" + ], + "it": [ + "levante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind from the east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northwest wind", + "northwester" + ], + "it": [ + "maestrale", + "maestro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind from the northwest" + ], + "it": [ + "un vento dal nord-ovest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwester", + "sou'wester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong wind from the southwest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southeaster", + "sou'easter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong wind from the southeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elastic energy", + "elastic potential energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "potential energy that is stored when a body is deformed (as in a coiled spring)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon involving electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical power", + "electric power", + "wattage" + ], + "it": [ + "wattaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the product of voltage and current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power output of a generator or power plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field of force surrounding a charged particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dielectric heating" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heating of an insulator by a high-frequency electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electricity" + ], + "it": [ + "elettricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanism" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity produced by chemical action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electricity", + "electrical energy" + ], + "it": [ + "elettricità", + "luce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor" + ], + "it": [ + "energia elettrica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiation", + "electromagnetic wave", + "nonparticulate radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "onda elettromagnetica", + "radiazione elettromagnetica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation consisting of waves of energy associated with electric and magnetic fields resulting from the acceleration of an electric charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hertzian wave" + ], + "it": [ + "radioonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electromagnetic wave generated by oscillations in an electric circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire frequency range of electromagnetic waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emission spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a self-luminous source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any source of usable power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy", + "free energy" + ], + "it": [ + "energia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "energy level", + "energy state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a definite stable energy that a physical system can have; used especially of the state of electrons in atoms or molecules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power" + ], + "it": [ + "energia", + "potenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the rate of doing work; measured in watts (= joules/second)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the energy equivalent to the mass of a particle at rest in an inertial frame of reference; equal to the rest mass times the square of the speed of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "lavoro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force" + ], + "it": [ + "in fisica, il prodotto tra l'intensità di una forza applicata e lo spostamento prodotto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiphenomenon" + ], + "it": [ + "epifenomeno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a secondary phenomenon that is a by-product of another phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "event" + ], + "it": [ + "evento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenomenon located at a single point in space-time; the fundamental observational entity in relativity theory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(neurophysiology) phenomenon that occurs when two or more neural impulses that alone are not enough to trigger a response in a neuron combine to trigger an action potential" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "am unwanted reflection in an optical system (or the fogging of an image that is caused by such a reflection)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flashover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unintended electric discharge (as over or around an insulator)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "inundation", + "deluge", + "alluvion" + ], + "it": [ + "allagamento", + "alluvione", + "inondazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flooding caused by a tumultuous breakup of ice in a river during the spring or summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash flood", + "flashflood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden local flood of great volume and short duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floodhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wall of water rushing ahead of the flood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Noah's flood", + "Noachian deluge", + "Noah and the Flood", + "the Flood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(Biblical) the great deluge that is said in the Book of Genesis to have occurred in the time of Noah; it was brought by God upon the earth because of the wickedness of human beings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus", + "focal point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto focale", + "fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a point of convergence of light (or other radiation) or a point from which it diverges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food chain" + ], + "it": [ + "catena alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) a community of organisms where each member is eaten in turn by another member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) a hierarchy of food chains with the principal predator at the top; each level preys on the level below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "food web", + "food cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(ecology) a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair weather", + "sunshine", + "temperateness" + ], + "it": [ + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderate weather; suitable for outdoor activities" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo bello, sereno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fata morgana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mirage in the Strait of Messina (attributed to the Arthurian sorcerer Morgan le Fay)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field", + "field of force", + "force field" + ], + "it": [ + "campo", + "campo di forze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line of force", + "field line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an imaginary line in a field of force; direction of the line at any point is the direction of the force at that point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical line of force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of force in an electrical field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic line of force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a line of force in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine spray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitation in very small drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the presence of groups of closely spaced spectrum lines observed in the atomic spectrum of certain elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firelight" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "bagliore del fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the light of a fire (especially in a fireplace)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firestorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm in which violent winds are drawn into the column of hot air rising over a severely bombed area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "fluorescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light emitted during absorption of radiation of some other (invisible) wavelength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fog" + ], + "it": [ + "caligine", + "nebbia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground" + ], + "it": [ + "sospensione nell'aria di minutissime gocce formatesi per condensazione del vapore acqueo intorno alle particelle di pulviscolo atmosferico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fogbank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large mass of fog on the sea (as seen from a distance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the influence that produces a change in a physical quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forked lightning", + "chain lightning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of lightning that moves rapidly in a zigzag path with one end divided (fork-like)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friar's lantern", + "ignis fatuus", + "jack-o'-lantern", + "will-o'-the-wisp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pale light sometimes seen at night over marshy ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friction", + "rubbing" + ], + "it": [ + "attrito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe", + "interference fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the light or dark bands produced by the interference and diffraction of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gene expression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grinding", + "abrasion", + "attrition", + "detrition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wearing down of rock particles by friction due to water or wind or ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grip", + "traction", + "adhesive friction" + ], + "it": [ + "aderenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the friction between a body and the surface on which it moves (as between an automobile tire and the road)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front" + ], + "it": [ + "fronte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) the atmospheric phenomenon created at the boundary between two different air masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm front" + ], + "it": [ + "fronte caldo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of an advancing mass of warmer air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold front", + "polar front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the front of an advancing mass of colder air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squall line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cold front along which squalls or thunderstorms are likely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occluded front", + "occlusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(meteorology) a composite front when colder air surrounds a mass of warm air and forces it aloft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greenhouse effect", + "greenhouse warming" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto serra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere; caused by atmospheric gases that allow sunshine to pass through but absorb heat that is radiated back from the warmed surface of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inversion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the layer of air near the earth is cooler than an overlying layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost heave", + "frost heaving" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upthrust of ground or pavement caused by the freezing of moist soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gale" + ], + "it": [ + "bufera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong wind moving 45-90 knots; force 7 to 10 on Beaufort scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderate gale", + "near gale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento forte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 32-38 knots; 7 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "vento del grado 7 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresh gale" + ], + "it": [ + "burrasca moderata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 39-46 knots; 8 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "tempesta del grado 8 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong gale" + ], + "it": [ + "burrasca forte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 47-54 knots; 9 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "tempesta del grado 9 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whole gale" + ], + "it": [ + "burrasca fortissima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind moving 55-63 knots; 10 on the Beaufort scale" + ], + "it": [ + "tempesta del grado 10 della scala Beaufort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm", + "violent storm" + ], + "it": [ + "bufera", + "burrasca", + "fortunale", + "tempesta", + "temporale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "northeaster", + "noreaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm blowing from the northeast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamma radiation", + "gamma ray" + ], + "it": [ + "radiazione gamma", + "raggio gamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiation emitted during radioactive decay and having an extremely short wavelength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaslight" + ], + "it": [ + "illuminazione a gas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light yielded by the combustion of illuminating gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiance", + "glow", + "glowing" + ], + "it": [ + "emettenza", + "radianza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount of electromagnetic radiation leaving or arriving at a point on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a steady even light without flames" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sky glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illumination of the night sky in urban areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good luck", + "fluke", + "good fortune" + ], + "it": [ + "colpo di fortuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stroke of luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serendipity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "good luck in making unexpected and fortunate discoveries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitational field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field of force surrounding a body of finite mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravity", + "gravitation", + "gravitational attraction", + "gravitational force" + ], + "it": [ + "gravitazione", + "gravità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar gravity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gravity of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun smoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoke created by the firing of guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gust", + "blast", + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "folata", + "raffica", + "sbuffo", + "ventata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong current of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent gusty wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a blast of wind laden with sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail" + ], + "it": [ + "grandine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitation of ice pellets when there are strong rising air currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hailstorm" + ], + "it": [ + "grandinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm during which hail falls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "half-light" + ], + "it": [ + "penombra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a greyish light (as at dawn or dusk or in dim interiors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haze" + ], + "it": [ + "bruma", + "foschia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric moisture or dust or smoke that causes reduced visibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat", + "heat energy" + ], + "it": [ + "calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geothermal energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy derived from the heat in the interior of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "histocompatibility" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condition in which the cells of one tissue can survive in the presence of cells of another tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot weather" + ], + "it": [ + "caldura", + "calura", + "canicola", + "stellone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a period of unusually high temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorcher" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giornata torrida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extremely hot day" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sultriness" + ], + "it": [ + "afa", + "afosità", + "calura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppressively hot and humid weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurricane" + ], + "it": [ + "uragano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rains and winds moving a 73-136 knots (12 on the Beaufort scale)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroelectricity" + ], + "it": [ + "idroelettricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity produced by water power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hysteresis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lagging of an effect behind its cause; especially the phenomenon in which the magnetic induction of a ferromagnetic material lags behind the changing magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice fog", + "pogonip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dense winter fog containing ice particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice storm", + "silver storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm with freezing rain that leaves everything glazed with ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incandescence", + "glow" + ], + "it": [ + "incandescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of light emission by a body as its temperature is raised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incidence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the striking of a light beam on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induction", + "inductance" + ], + "it": [ + "induttanza", + "induzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electrical phenomenon whereby an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a closed circuit by a change in the flow of current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutual induction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generation of electromotive forces in each other by two adjacent circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-induction" + ], + "it": [ + "autoinduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generation of an electromotive force (EMF) in a circuit by changing the current in that circuit; usually measured in henries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inertia" + ], + "it": [ + "inerzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the tendency of a body to maintain its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment of inertia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency of a body to resist angular acceleration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular acceleration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the rate of change of the angular velocity of a rotating body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angular velocity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the rate of change of the angular position of a rotating body; usually expressed in radians per second or radians per minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrared", + "infrared light", + "infrared radiation", + "infrared emission" + ], + "it": [ + "infrarosso", + "raggio infrarosso", + "radiazione infrarossa", + "luce infrarossa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrared spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spectrum of infrared radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interreflection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reciprocal reflection between two reflecting surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet propulsion" + ], + "it": [ + "gettopropulsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propulsion by means of the discharge of a jet of fluid toward the rear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet stream" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente a getto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a high-speed high-altitude airstream blowing from west to east near the top of the troposphere; has important effects of the formation of weather fronts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kinetic energy", + "K.E." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of dissociation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heat required for a fluid substance to break up into simpler constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of formation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heat evolved or absorbed during the formation of one mole of a substance from its component elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of solution" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heat evolved or absorbed when one mole of a substance is dissolved in a large volume of a solvent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latent heat", + "heat of transformation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat absorbed or radiated during a change of phase at a constant temperature and pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of condensation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat liberated by a unit mass of gas at its boiling point as it condenses into a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of fusion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat absorbed by a unit mass of a solid at its melting point in order to convert the solid into a liquid at the same temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of solidification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat liberated by a unit mass of liquid at its freezing point when it solidifies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of sublimation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat absorbed by a unit mass of material when it changes from a solid to a gaseous state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat of vaporization", + "heat of vaporisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat absorbed by a unit mass of a material at its boiling point in order to convert the material into a gas at the same temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specific heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree centigrade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ray that produces a thermal effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wave of unusually hot weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beam of a car's headlights that provides distant illumination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infrared ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ray of infrared radiation; produces a thermal effect (as from an infrared lamp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamplight" + ], + "it": [ + "lume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light from a lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levanter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an easterly wind in the western Mediterranean area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leverage", + "purchase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mechanical advantage gained by being in a position to use a lever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biology" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "characteristic life processes and phenomena of living organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerobiosis" + ], + "it": [ + "aerobiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "life sustained in the presence of air or oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life cycle" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclo vitale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a series of stages through which an organism passes between recurrences of a primary stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "visible light", + "visible radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "luce", + "luce visibile", + "radiazione visibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single frequency (or very narrow band) of radiation in a spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an acronym for emissions of light and very low frequency perturbations due to electromagnetic pulse sources; extremely bright extremely short (less than a msec) electrical flashes forming a huge ring (up to 400 km diameter) in the ionosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet", + "blue jet", + "reverse lightning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric discharges (lasting 10 msec) bursting from the tops of giant storm clouds in blue cones that widen as they flash upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightning" + ], + "it": [ + "baleno", + "fulmine", + "lampo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spectrum in which energy is concentrated at particular wavelengths; produced by excited atoms and ions as they fall back to a lower energy level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lorentz force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force experienced by a point charge moving along a wire that is in a magnetic field; the force is at right angles to both the current and the magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprites", + "red sprites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric electricity (lasting 10 msec) appearing as globular flashes of red (pink to blood-red) light rising to heights of 60 miles (sometimes seen together with elves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric electricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical discharges in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminescence" + ], + "it": [ + "luminescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light not due to incandescence; occurs at low temperatures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioluminescence" + ], + "it": [ + "bioluminescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luminescence produced by physiological processes (as in the firefly)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemiluminescence" + ], + "it": [ + "chemiluminescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "luminescence resulting from a chemical reaction as the oxidation of luciferin in fireflies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminous energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the energy associated with visible light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "magnetosfera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magnetic field of a planet; the volume around the planet in which charged particles are subject more to the planet's magnetic field than to the solar magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar magnetic field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the magnetic field of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic field", + "magnetic flux", + "flux" + ], + "it": [ + "campo magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet or a moving charged particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a field that represents the energy lost from the radiator to space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ], + "it": [ + "battimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a single pulsation of an oscillation produced by adding two waves of different frequencies; has a frequency equal to the difference between the two oscillations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonance" + ], + "it": [ + "risonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a vibration of large amplitude produced by a relatively small vibration near the same frequency of vibration as the natural frequency of the resonating system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathetic vibration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) vibration produced by resonance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonance" + ], + "it": [ + "risonanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an excited state of a stable particle causing a sharp maximum in the probability of absorption of electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the resonance absorption of a gamma ray by a nucleus identical to the nucleus that emitted the gamma ray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resonance of electrons or atoms or molecules or nuclei to radiation frequencies as a result of space quantization in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear magnetic resonance", + "NMR", + "proton magnetic resonance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resonance of protons to radiation in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetism", + "magnetic attraction", + "magnetic force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attraction for iron; associated with electric currents as well as magnets; characterized by fields of force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnetism produced by an electric current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiferromagnetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "magnetic field creates parallel but opposing spins; varies with temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diamagnetism" + ], + "it": [ + "diamagnetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phenomenon exhibited by materials like copper or bismuth that become magnetized in a magnetic field with a polarity opposite to the magnetic force; unlike iron they are slightly repelled by a magnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferrimagnetism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenomenon in ferrites where there can be incomplete cancellation of antiferromagnetic arranged spins giving a net magnetic moment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferromagnetism" + ], + "it": [ + "ferromagnetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "phenomenon exhibited by materials like iron (nickel or cobalt) that become magnetized in a magnetic field and retain their magnetism when the field is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paramagnetism" + ], + "it": [ + "paramagnetismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "materials like aluminum or platinum become magnetized in a magnetic field but it disappears when the field is removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon associated with the equilibrium or motion of objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "suono" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultrasound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very high frequency sound; used in ultrasonography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trajectory", + "flight" + ], + "it": [ + "traiettoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the path followed by an object moving through space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballistics", + "ballistic trajectory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the trajectory of an object in free flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravity-assist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(spaceflight) a trajectory that passes close to a planetary body in order to gain energy from its gravitational field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass defect", + "mass deficiency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanical energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy in a mechanical form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thaw", + "thawing", + "warming" + ], + "it": [ + "disgelo", + "scioglimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm weather following a freeze; snow and ice melt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave" + ], + "it": [ + "microonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short electromagnetic wave (longer than infrared but shorter than radio waves); used for radar and microwave ovens and for transmitting telephone, facsimile, video and data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "midnight sun" + ], + "it": [ + "sole a mezzanotte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the sun visible at midnight (inside the Arctic or Antarctic Circles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mist" + ], + "it": [ + "bruma", + "caligine", + "foschia", + "nebbia", + "nebbiolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thin fog with condensation near the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistral" + ], + "it": [ + "mistral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong north wind that blows in France during the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment" + ], + "it": [ + "momento di una coppia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a turning force produced by an object acting at a distance (or a measure of that force)" + ], + "it": [ + "il prodotto dell'intensità di una delle forze per la distanza tra le due forze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moment of a couple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "given two equal and opposite forces, the product of the force and the distance between them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dipole moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the moment of a dipole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric dipole moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the dipole moment in an electric dipole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic dipole moment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a current loop gives rise to a magnetic field characteristic of a magnetic dipole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetic moment", + "moment of a magnet" + ], + "it": [ + "momento magnetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the torque exerted on a magnet or dipole when it is placed in a magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteor", + "shooting star" + ], + "it": [ + "bolide", + "meteora", + "stella cadente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a streak of light in the sky at night that results when a meteoroid hits the earth's atmosphere and air friction causes the meteoroid to melt or vaporize or explode" + ], + "it": [ + "un meteorite che è entrato nell'atmosfera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolide", + "fireball" + ], + "it": [ + "bolide", + "meteorite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an especially luminous meteor (sometimes exploding)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical illusion in which atmospheric refraction by a layer of hot air distorts or inverts reflections of distant objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monsoon" + ], + "it": [ + "monsone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a seasonal wind in southern Asia; blows from the southwest (bringing rain) in summer and from the northeast in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monsoon" + ], + "it": [ + "monsone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any wind that changes direction with the seasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonbeam", + "moon ray", + "moon-ray" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio di luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ray of moonlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonlight", + "moonshine", + "Moon" + ], + "it": [ + "chiaro di luna", + "luce della luna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the light of the Moon" + ], + "it": [ + "la luce della luna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starlight" + ], + "it": [ + "luce delle stelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the light of the stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden emergence of the sun from behind clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunlight", + "sunshine", + "sun" + ], + "it": [ + "luce", + "sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rays of the sun" + ], + "it": [ + "luce e calore emanati da tale astro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunbeam", + "sunray" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio di sole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ray of sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laser beam" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio laser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam of light generated by a laser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "low beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the beam of a car's headlights that provides illumination for a short distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "particle beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a collimated flow of particles (atoms or electrons or molecules)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ion beam", + "ionic beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a beam of ions moving in the same direction at the same speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrobiosis", + "cell death" + ], + "it": [ + "necrobiosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physiology) the normal degeneration and death of living cells (as in various epithelial cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apoptosis", + "programmed cell death", + "caspase-mediated cell death" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself; a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell number and eliminate cells that threaten the animal's survival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrosis", + "mortification", + "gangrene", + "sphacelus" + ], + "it": [ + "cancrena", + "necrosi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the localized death of living cells (as from infection or the interruption of blood supply)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myonecrosis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "localized death of muscle cell fibers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain death", + "cerebral death" + ], + "it": [ + "morte cerebrale", + "morte clinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "death when respiration and other reflexes are absent; consciousness is gone; organs can be removed for transplantation before the heartbeat stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutron radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation of neutrons (as by a neutron bomb)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halo" + ], + "it": [ + "alone", + "nimbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a circle of light around the sun or moon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar halo", + "parhelic circle", + "parhelic ring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a luminous halo parallel to the horizon at the altitude of the sun; caused by ice crystals in the atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parhelion", + "mock sun", + "sundog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright spot on the parhelic circle; caused by diffraction by ice crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "north wind", + "northerly", + "norther", + "boreas" + ], + "it": [ + "aquilone", + "borea", + "tramontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind that blows from the north" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuclear propulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the use of a nuclear reactor either to produce electricity to power an engine (as in a nuclear submarine) or to directly heat a propellant (as in nuclear rockets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ocean current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the steady flow of surface ocean water in a prevailing direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Nino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(oceanography) a warm ocean current that flows along the equator from the date line and south off the coast of Ecuador at Christmas time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "El Nino southern oscillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more intense El Nino that occurs every few years when the welling up of cold nutrient-rich water does not occur; kills plankton and fish and affects weather patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equatorial current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of the ocean currents that flow westward at the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "North Equatorial Current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equatorial current that flows west across the Pacific just north of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South Equatorial Current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an equatorial current that flows west across the Pacific just south of the equator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gulf stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico northward through the Atlantic Ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan current", + "Kuroshio current", + "Kuroshio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a warm ocean current that flows northeastwardly off the coast of Japan into the northern Pacific ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peruvian current", + "Humboldt current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cold ocean current that flows north along the Pacific Coast of South America before turning west" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacity" + ], + "it": [ + "opacità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of not permitting the passage of electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical opacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opacity to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiopacity", + "radio-opacity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opacity to X-rays or other radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical illusion" + ], + "it": [ + "illusione ottica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical phenomenon that results in a false or deceptive visual impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optical phenomenon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a physical phenomenon related to or involving light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pea soup", + "pea-souper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy thick yellow fog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "fosforescenza", + "fotoluminescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fluorescence that persists after the bombarding radiation has ceased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photoelectricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity generated by light or affected by light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piezoelectricity", + "piezoelectric effect", + "piezo effect" + ], + "it": [ + "piezoelettricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity produced by mechanical pressure on certain crystals (notably quartz or Rochelle salt); alternatively, electrostatic stress produces a change in the linear dimensions of the crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleochroism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of different colors appearing when certain crystals are viewed from different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleomorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the appearance of two or more distinctly different forms in the life cycle of some organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarization", + "polarisation" + ], + "it": [ + "polarizzazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon in which waves of light or other radiation are restricted in direction of vibration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depolarization", + "depolarisation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a loss of polarity or polarization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the existence of two or more forms of individuals within the same animal species (independent of sex differences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the existence of two forms of individual within the same animal species (independent of sex differences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymorphism", + "pleomorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the existence of different kinds of crystal of the same chemical compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(chemistry) the property of certain substances that enables them to exist in two distinct crystalline forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymorphism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) the genetic variation within a population that natural selection can operate on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single nucleotide polymorphism", + "SNP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(genetics) genetic variation in a DNA sequence that occurs when a single nucleotide in a genome is altered; SNPs are usually considered to be point mutations that have been evolutionarily successful enough to recur in a significant proportion of the population of a species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric potential", + "potential", + "potential difference", + "potential drop", + "voltage" + ], + "it": [ + "differenza di potenziale", + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evoked potential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the electrical response of the central nervous system produced by an external stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resting potential" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the potential difference between the two sides of the membrane of a nerve cell when the cell is not conducting an impulse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i97999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potential energy", + "P.E." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its position; stored energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitation", + "downfall" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the falling to earth of any form of water (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure exerted by a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure", + "pressure level", + "force per unit area" + ], + "it": [ + "pressione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure exerted by a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barometric pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric pressure as indicated by a barometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compartment pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the air pressure maintained in an air-tight compartment (as in an aircraft)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transient air pressure greater than the surrounding atmospheric pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea-level pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmospheric pressure reduced by a formula to the pressure at sea level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrostatic head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure at a given point in a liquid measured in terms of the vertical height of a column of the liquid needed to produce the same pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intraocular pressure", + "IOP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pressure exerted by the fluids inside the eyeball; regulated by resistance to the outward flow of aqueous humor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pressure that keeps oil on the moving parts of an internal-combustion engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osmotic pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physical chemistry) the pressure exerted by a solution necessary to prevent osmosis into that solution when it is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation pressure", + "corpuscular-radiation pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the minute pressure exerted on a surface normal to the direction of propagation of a wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound pressure", + "instantaneous sound pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the difference between the instantaneous pressure at a point in a sound field and the average pressure at that point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevailing wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the predominant wind direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a propelling force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "puff of air", + "whiff" + ], + "it": [ + "alito", + "buffata", + "buffo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short light gust of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ], + "it": [ + "forza di attrazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force used in pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push", + "thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "spinta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force used in pushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(mechanics) the equal and opposite force that is produced when any force is applied to a body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket propulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reaction propulsion using stored oxygen for combustion; used where there is insufficient atmospheric oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaction propulsion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propulsion that results from the ejection at high velocity of a mass of gas to which the vehicle reacts with an equal and opposite momentum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiant energy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy that is transmitted in the form of (electromagnetic) radiation; energy that exists in the absence of matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "irradiamento", + "irradiazione", + "irraggiamento", + "radiazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corpuscular radiation", + "particulate radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream of atomic or subatomic particles that may be charged positively (e.g. alpha particles) or negatively (e.g. beta particles) or not at all (e.g. neutrons)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio wave", + "radio emission", + "radio radiation" + ], + "it": [ + "radioonda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength between 0.5 cm to 30,000 m" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sky wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave that is reflected back to earth by the ionosphere or a communications satellite; permits transmission around the curve of the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionospheric wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sky wave that is reflected by the ionosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave propagated on or near the earth's surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio signal" + ], + "it": [ + "radiosegnale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave used to transmit and receive messages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a distribution of ions as shown by a mass spectrograph or a mass spectrometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the electromagnetic spectrum corresponding to microwaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio spectrum", + "radio-frequency spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the entire spectrum of electromagnetic frequencies used for communications; includes frequencies used for radio and radar and television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carrier wave", + "carrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave that can be modulated in order to transmit a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain", + "rainfall" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia", + "acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitazione di gocce d'acqua dal vapore condensato nell'atmosfera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raindrop" + ], + "it": [ + "goccia", + "goccia di pioggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a drop of rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainstorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm with rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line storm", + "equinoctial storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent rainstorm near the time of an equinox" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thundershower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a short rainstorm accompanied by thunder and lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downpour", + "cloudburst", + "deluge", + "waterspout", + "torrent", + "pelter", + "soaker" + ], + "it": [ + "nubifragio", + "diluvio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a heavy rain" + ], + "it": [ + "piogga prolungata e violenta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drizzle", + "mizzle" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggerellina", + "pioggerella", + "pioviggine", + "acquerugiola", + "acquerella", + "annacquata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very light rain; stronger than mist but less than a shower" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia leggera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower", + "rain shower" + ], + "it": [ + "acquazzone", + "piovasco", + "rovescio", + "acquata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brief period of precipitation" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia improvvisa, intensa e di breve durata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) the ability of one molecule to attach to another molecule that has a complementary shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflection", + "reflexion" + ], + "it": [ + "riflesso", + "ripercussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the change in direction of a propagating wave (light or sound) when passing from one medium to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double refraction", + "birefringence" + ], + "it": [ + "birifrangenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "splitting a ray into two parallel rays polarized perpendicularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "resistenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any mechanical force that tends to retard or oppose motion" + ], + "it": [ + "qualsiasi forza che si oppone al moto del corpo cui è applicata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conductance" + ], + "it": [ + "conduttanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material's capacity to conduct electricity; measured as the reciprocal of electrical resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electric resistance", + "electrical resistance", + "impedance", + "resistance", + "resistivity", + "ohmic resistance" + ], + "it": [ + "impedenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ohmage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ohmic resistance of a conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opposition to the flow of electric current resulting from inductance and capacitance (rather than resistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acoustic resistance", + "acoustic impedance", + "acoustic reactance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "opposition to the flow of sound through a surface; acoustic resistance is the real component of acoustic impedance and acoustic reactance is the imaginary component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reluctance" + ], + "it": [ + "riluttanza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag", + "retarding force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of resistance to motion through a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonic barrier", + "sound barrier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the increase in aerodynamic drag as an airplane approaches the speed of sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the retarding force of air friction on a moving object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(medicine) an immunological response that refuses to accept substances or organisms that are recognized as foreign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenation", + "greening" + ], + "it": [ + "ringiovanimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of vitality and freshness being restored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolving power", + "resolution" + ], + "it": [ + "risoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ability of a microscope or telescope to measure the angular separation of images that are close together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolution" + ], + "it": [ + "risoluzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(computer science) the number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display; the greater the resolution, the better the picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scattering", + "sprinkle", + "sprinkling" + ], + "it": [ + "annaffiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light shower that falls in some locations and not others nearby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a flash of light that is produced in a phosphor when it absorbs a photon or ionizing particle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex linkage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an association between genes in sex chromosomes that makes some characteristics appear more frequently in one sex than in the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meteor shower", + "meteor stream" + ], + "it": [ + "pioggia di meteoriti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a transient shower of meteors when a meteor swarm enters the earth's atmosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short wave" + ], + "it": [ + "OC", + "onda corta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave with a wavelength less than 100 meters (a frequency greater than 3 megahertz)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medium wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave with a wavelength between 100 and 1000 meters (a frequency between 300 kilohertz and 3000 kilohertz)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "long wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a radio wave with a wavelength longer than a kilometer (a frequency below 300 kilohertz)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simoom", + "simoon", + "samiel" + ], + "it": [ + "simum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a violent hot sand-laden wind on the deserts of Arabia and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the tendency of high-frequency alternating current to distribute near the surface of a conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleet" + ], + "it": [ + "nevischio", + "acquaneve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partially melted snow (or a mixture of rain and snow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke", + "fume" + ], + "it": [ + "fumo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stifling cloud of smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow", + "snowfall" + ], + "it": [ + "nevicata", + "neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flurry", + "snow flurry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a light brief snowfall and gust of wind (or something resembling that)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiteout" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an arctic atmospheric condition with clouds over snow produce a uniform whiteness and objects are difficult to see; occurs when the light reflected off the snow equals the light coming through the clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowflake", + "flake" + ], + "it": [ + "falda", + "fiocco", + "fiocco di neve", + "flocco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a crystal of snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virga" + ], + "it": [ + "virga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light wispy precipitation that evaporates before it reaches the ground (especially when the lower air is low in humidity)" + ], + "it": [ + "stria di pioggia che non raggiunge il suolo, poiché le goccioline evaporano prima di toccare la superficie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice crystal", + "snow mist", + "diamond dust", + "poudrin", + "ice needle", + "frost snow", + "frost mist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small crystals of ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blizzard", + "snowstorm" + ], + "it": [ + "bufera di neve", + "tormenta", + "tormenta di neve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm with widespread snowfall accompanied by strong winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar energy", + "solar power" + ], + "it": [ + "energia solare", + "solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insolation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incident solar radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar radiation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar flare", + "flare" + ], + "it": [ + "brillamento", + "brillamento solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sudden eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface; associated with sunspots and radio interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar prominence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large eruptions of luminous hydrogen gas that rise thousands of kilometers above the chromosphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stream of protons moving radially from the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound spectrum", + "acoustic spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of energy as a function of frequency for a particular sound source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speech spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the average sound spectrum for the human voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunspot", + "macula" + ], + "it": [ + "macchia solare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cooler darker spot appearing periodically on the sun's photosphere; associated with a strong magnetic field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large bright spot on the sun's photosphere occurring most frequently in the vicinity of sunspots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bright spot on a planet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "south wind", + "souther", + "southerly" + ], + "it": [ + "austro", + "noto", + "ostro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wind from the south" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "spark", + "arc", + "electric arc", + "electric discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical conduction through a gas in an applied electric field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a change (usually undesired) in the waveform of an acoustic or analog electrical signal; the difference between two measurements of a signal (as between the input and output signal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nonlinear distortion", + "amplitude distortion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distortion that occurs when the output signal does not have a linear relation to the input signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "projection", + "acoustic projection", + "sound projection" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the acoustic phenomenon that gives sound a penetrating quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical conduction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the passage of electricity through a conductor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduction", + "conductivity" + ], + "it": [ + "conducibilità", + "conduttività", + "conduzione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the transmission of heat or electricity or sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagation" + ], + "it": [ + "propagazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the movement of a wave through a medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Doppler effect", + "Doppler shift" + ], + "it": [ + "effetto Doppler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in the apparent frequency of a wave as observer and source move toward or away from each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red shift", + "redshift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(astronomy) a shift in the spectra of very distant galaxies toward longer wavelengths (toward the red end of the spectrum); generally interpreted as evidence that the universe is expanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave front" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "all the points just reached by a wave as it propagates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spherical aberration" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an optical aberration resulting in a distorted image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spillover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(economics) any indirect effect of public expenditure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squall" + ], + "it": [ + "groppo", + "piovasco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sudden violent winds; often accompanied by precipitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line squall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a squall advancing along a front that forms a definite line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrical disturbance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electrical signals produced by unwanted sources (atmospherics or receiver noise or unwanted transmitters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "static electricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity produced by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamic electricity", + "current electricity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flow of electric charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermoelectricity" + ], + "it": [ + "termoelettricità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electricity produced by heat (as in a thermocouple)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) force that produces strain on a physical body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tension" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) a stress that produces an elongation of an elastic physical body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaking point" + ], + "it": [ + "punto di rottura" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the degree of tension or stress at which something breaks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "too much strain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light that streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torchlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light from a torch or torches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twilight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the diffused light from the sky when the sun is below the horizon but its rays are refracted by the atmosphere of the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interaction", + "fundamental interaction" + ], + "it": [ + "interazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the transfer of energy between elementary particles or between an elementary particle and a field or between fields; mediated by gauge bosons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic interaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an interaction between charged elementary particles that is intermediate in strength between the strong and weak interactions; mediated by photons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitational interaction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a weak interaction between particles that results from their mass; mediated by gravitons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong interaction", + "strong force", + "color force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) the interaction that binds protons and neutrons together in the nuclei of atoms; mediated by gluons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supertwister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the most powerful tornado which can create enormously devastating damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weak interaction", + "weak force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(physics) an interaction between elementary particles involving neutrinos or antineutrinos that is responsible for certain kinds of radioactive decay; mediated by intermediate vector bosons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirazione", + "risucchio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a force over an area produced by a pressure difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunrise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric phenomena accompanying the daily appearance of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "atmospheric phenomena accompanying the daily disappearance of the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afterglow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a glow sometimes seen in the sky after sunset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface tension" + ], + "it": [ + "tensione superficiale", + "tensione di superficie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a phenomenon at the surface of a liquid caused by intermolecular forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interfacial tension", + "interfacial surface tension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surface tension at the surface separating two non-miscible liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syzygy" + ], + "it": [ + "sizigia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the straight line configuration of 3 celestial bodies (as the sun and earth and moon) in a gravitational system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempest" + ], + "it": [ + "burrasca", + "uragano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(literary) a violent wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermal" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente termica", + "termica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rising current of warm air" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente ascendente locale prodotta da un riscaldamento differenziale della superficie terrestre" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermionic current" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an electric current produced between two electrodes as a result of electrons emitted by thermionic emission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theta rhythm", + "theta wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person who is awake but relaxed and drowsy; occurs with low frequency and low amplitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderbolt", + "bolt", + "bolt of lightning" + ], + "it": [ + "folgore", + "fulmine", + "saetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunderstorm", + "electrical storm", + "electric storm" + ], + "it": [ + "tempesta elettromagnetica", + "temporale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm resulting from strong rising air currents; heavy rain or hail along with thunder and lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tornado", + "twister" + ], + "it": [ + "tornado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torsion", + "torque" + ], + "it": [ + "coppia", + "torsione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a twisting force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tossup", + "toss-up", + "even chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an unpredictable phenomenon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade wind", + "trade" + ], + "it": [ + "aliseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator" + ], + "it": [ + "vento persistente che spira dai grandi anti-cicloni oceanici subtropicali verso l'equatore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antitrade wind", + "antitrade" + ], + "it": [ + "contraliseo", + "antialiseo", + "controaliseo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winds blowing from west to east and lying above the trade winds in the tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramontane", + "tramontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cold dry wind that blows south out of the mountains into Italy and the western Mediterranean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgression" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spreading of the sea over land as evidenced by the deposition of marine strata over terrestrial strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transparency", + "transparence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permitting the free passage of electromagnetic radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trichroism" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleochroism of a crystal so that it exhibits three different colors when viewed from three different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbulence", + "turbulency" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unstable flow of a liquid or gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typhoon" + ], + "it": [ + "tifone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tropical cyclone occurring in the western Pacific or Indian oceans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turbulent flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow in which the velocity at any point varies erratically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea" + ], + "it": [ + "mare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turbulent water with swells of considerable size" + ], + "it": [ + "nel linguaggio marinaresco, per indicare moto ondoso di notevole intensità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head sea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sea in which the waves are running directly against the course of the ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamline flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow of a gas or liquid in which the velocity at any point is relatively steady" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminar flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonturbulent streamline flow in parallel layers (laminae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultraviolet", + "ultraviolet radiation", + "ultraviolet light", + "ultraviolet illumination", + "UV" + ], + "it": [ + "ultravioletto", + "radiazione ultravioletta", + "raggio ultravioletto", + "raggio UV" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radiation lying in the ultraviolet range; wave lengths shorter than light but longer than X rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunray", + "sun-ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a ray of artificial ultraviolet light from a sunray lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultraviolet spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spectrum of ultraviolet radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "draught" + ], + "it": [ + "corrente", + "corrente d'aria", + "spiffero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "updraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong upward air current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downdraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a strong downward air current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "van der Waal's forces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively weak attraction between neutral atoms and molecules arising from polarization induced in each particle by the presence of other particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vapor pressure", + "vapour pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the pressure exerted by a vapor; often understood to mean saturated vapor pressure (the vapor pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid form)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virtual image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reflected optical image (as seen in a plane mirror)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visible spectrum", + "color spectrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the distribution of colors produced when light is dispersed by a prism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voltage", + "electromotive force", + "emf" + ], + "it": [ + "forza elettromotrice", + "tensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; expressed in volts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetomotive force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the force that produces magnetic flux" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "life force", + "vital force", + "vitality", + "elan vital" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(biology) a hypothetical force (not physical or chemical) once thought by Henri Bergson to cause the evolution and development of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volcanism" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcanesimo", + "vulcanismo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomena associated with volcanic activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterpower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the power to do work that is latent in a head of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterspout" + ], + "it": [ + "tromba d'acqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tornado passing over water and picking up a column of water and mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition (especially of unusual temperatures)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather", + "weather condition", + "conditions", + "atmospheric condition" + ], + "it": [ + "tempo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation" + ], + "it": [ + "condizioni meteorologiche" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elements" + ], + "it": [ + "elementi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "west wind", + "wester" + ], + "it": [ + "espero", + "favonio", + "ponente", + "zeffiro", + "zefiro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind that blows from west to east" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevailing westerly", + "westerly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the winds from the west that occur in the temperate zones of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirlwind" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclone", + "molinello", + "mulinello", + "turbine", + "vortice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a more or less vertical column of air whirling around itself as it moves over the surface of the Earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "air current", + "current of air" + ], + "it": [ + "vento", + "aria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind generation", + "wind power" + ], + "it": [ + "energia eolica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "power derived from the wind (as by windmills)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windstorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a storm consisting of violent winds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X ray", + "X-ray", + "X-radiation", + "roentgen ray" + ], + "it": [ + "raggio X" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electromagnetic radiation of short wavelength produced when high-speed electrons strike a solid target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "X-ray diffraction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scattering of X rays by the atoms of a crystal; the diffraction pattern shows structure of the crystal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zodiacal light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a luminous tract in the sky; a reflection of sunlight from cosmic dust in the plane of the ecliptic; visible just before sunrise and just after sunset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the irregular motion of waves (usually caused by wind blowing in a direction opposite to the tide)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flotation", + "floatation" + ], + "it": [ + "flottazione", + "galleggiamento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon of floating (remaining on the surface of a liquid without sinking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallax" + ], + "it": [ + "parallasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apparent displacement of an object as seen from two different points that are not on a line with the object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tyndall effect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the phenomenon in which light is scattered by very small particles in its path; it makes a beam of light visible; the scattered light is mainly blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliocentric parallax", + "annual parallax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parallax of a celestial body using two points in the earth's orbit around the sun as the baseline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stellar parallax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the heliocentric parallax of a star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geocentric parallax", + "diurnal parallax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parallax of a celestial body using two points on the surface of the earth as the earth rotates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horizontal parallax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the maximum parallax observed when the celestial body is at the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulsation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a periodically recurring phenomenon that alternately increases and decreases some quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solar parallax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the angle subtended by the mean equatorial radius of the Earth at a distance of one astronomical unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plantae", + "kingdom Plantae", + "plant kingdom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "microscopic plants; bacteria are often considered to be microflora" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell that is a structural and functional unit of a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rigid layer of polysaccharides enclosing the membrane of plant and prokaryotic cells; maintains the shape of the cell and serves as a protective barrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cultivated plant that is grown commercially on a large scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endemic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that is native to a certain limited area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organism that produces its own food by photosynthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "non-flowering plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that does not bear flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a young plant or a small plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilding" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a wild uncultivated plant (especially a wild apple or crabapple tree)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semi-climber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that tends to climb and on occasion can grow like a vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thallophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used only in former classifications: comprising what is now considered a heterogeneous assemblage of flowerless and seedless organisms: algae; bacteria; fungi; lichens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thallophyte" + ], + "it": [ + "tallofita" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of a group of cryptogamic organisms consisting principally of a thallus and thus showing no differentiation into stem and root and leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plant parts that resemble buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thallus" + ], + "it": [ + "tallo", + "talloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant body without true stems or roots or leaves or vascular system; characteristic of the thallophytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crustose thallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin crusty lichen thallus; adheres closely to or is embedded in the surface on which it grows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap", + "pileus" + ], + "it": [ + "cappella", + "cappello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fruiting structure resembling an umbrella or a cone that forms the top of a stalked fleshy fungus such as a mushroom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calyptra" + ], + "it": [ + "caliptra", + "calittra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hood or cap covering the calyx of certain plants: e.g., the California poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cuplike structure around the base of the stalk of certain fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascocarp" + ], + "it": [ + "ascocarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mature fruiting body of an ascomycetous fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acervulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small asexual fruiting body resembling a cushion or blister consisting of a mat of hyphae that is produced on a host by some fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basidiocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruiting body of a basidiomycete which bears its spores on special cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peridium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outer layer of the spore-bearing organ in many fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ascocarp having the spore-bearing layer of cells (the hymenium) on a broad disklike receptacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apothecium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cuplike ascocarp in many lichens and ascomycetous fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleistothecium", + "cleistocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closed spore-bearing structure of some fungi (especially Aspergillaceae and Erysiphaceae) from which spores are released only by decay or disintegration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domatium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a part of a plant (e.g., a leaf) that has been modified to provide protection for insects or mites or fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podetium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an organ or body resembling a stalk; especially the outgrowth of the thallus of certain lichens on which the ascocarp is borne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stalk of a moss capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tracheophyta", + "division Tracheophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classifications: comprising plants with a vascular system including ferns and fern allies as well as seed plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornamental" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant suitable for growing in a flowerpot (especially indoors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any flowerless plant such as a fern (pteridophyte) or moss (bryophyte) in which growth occurs only at the tip of the main stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apomict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that reproduces or is reproduced by apomixis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that lives in or on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryophyta", + "division Bryophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a division of nonflowering plants characterized by rhizoids rather than true roots and having little or no organized vascular tissue and showing alternation of generations between gamete-bearing forms and spore-bearing forms; comprises true mosses (Bryopsida) and liverworts (Hepaticopsida) and hornworts (Anthoceropsida)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bryophyte", + "nonvascular plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the division Bryophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss" + ], + "it": [ + "muschio", + "musco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthoceropsida", + "class Anthoceropsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornworts: in some classification systems included in the class Hepaticopsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthocerotales", + "order Anthocerotales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornworts; liverworts having a thalloid gametophyte; in some classification systems included in the class Hepaticopsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthocerotaceae", + "family Anthocerotaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthoceros", + "genus Anthoceros" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hornworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liverworts with slender hornlike capsules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryopsida", + "class Bryopsida", + "Musci", + "class Musci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true mosses: bryophytes having leafy rather than thalloid gametophytes: comprises orders Andreaeales; Bryales; Dicranales; Eubryales; Sphagnales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acrocarp", + "acrocarpous moss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moss in which the main axis is terminated by the archegonium (and hence the capsule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleurocarp", + "pleurocarpous moss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a moss having the archegonium or antheridium on a short side branch rather than the main stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andreaeales", + "order Andreaeales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises a single genus: Andreaea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Andreaea", + "genus Andreaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brown or blackish Alpine mosses having a dehiscent capsule with 4 longitudinal slits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryales", + "order Bryales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "category used in some classification systems for mosses having the spore case separated from the capsule wall by a hollow intercellular space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicranales", + "order Dicranales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed order of mosses with erect gametophores and sporophytes at the tips of stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicranaceae", + "family Dicranaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosses having costate leaves and long-stalked capsules with cleft peristome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicranum", + "genus Dicranum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Dicranaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eubryales", + "order Eubryales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosses with perennial erect gametophores and stems with rows of leaves and drooping capsules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryaceae", + "family Bryaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of acrocarpous mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bryum", + "genus Bryum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Bryaceae: mosses distinguished by mostly erect and tufted gametophytes and symmetrical short-necked capsules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mniaceae", + "family Mniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of erect mosses with club-shaped paraphyses and the hexagonal cells of the upper leaf surface; sometimes treated as a subfamily of Bryaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mnium", + "genus Mnium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mosses similar to those of genus Bryum but larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphagnales", + "order Sphagnales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Sphagnum; in some classifications isolated in a separate subclass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sphagnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large genus constituting the order Sphagnales: atypical mosses of temperate bogs with leaves that can hold much water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sphagnum", + "sphagnum moss", + "peat moss", + "bog moss" + ], + "it": [ + "sfagno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pale or ashy mosses of the genus Sphagnum whose decomposed remains form peat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hepaticopsida", + "class Hepaticopsida", + "Hepaticae", + "class Hepaticae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liverworts: comprises orders Anthocerotales; Jungermanniales; Marchantiales; Sphaerocarpales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liverwort", + "hepatic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous small green nonvascular plants of the class Hepaticopsida growing in wet places and resembling green seaweeds or leafy mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jungermanniales", + "order Jungermanniales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large order of chiefly tropical liverworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leafy liverwort", + "scale moss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moss-like liverwort with tiny scalelike leaves; usually epiphytic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jungermanniaceae", + "family Jungermanniaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the leafy members of the order Jungermanniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marchantiales", + "order Marchantiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liverworts with gametophyte differentiated internally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marchantiaceae", + "family Marchantiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liverworts with prostrate and usually dichotomously branched thalli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Marchantia", + "genus Marchantia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Marchantiaceae; liverworts that reproduce asexually by gemmae and have stalked antheridiophores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatica", + "Marchantia polymorpha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common liverwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaerocarpales", + "order Sphaerocarpales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small order sometimes included in the order Jungermanniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaerocarpaceae", + "family Sphaerocarpaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liverworts with bilaterally symmetrical gametophytes; sometimes placed in the order Jungermanniales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sphaerocarpus", + "genus Sphaerocarpus", + "Sphaerocarpos", + "genus Sphaerocarpos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Sphaerocarpaceae; liverworts with small many-lobed usually orbicular thallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteridophyta", + "division Pteridophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "containing all the vascular plants that do not bear seeds: ferns, horsetails, club mosses, and whisk ferns; in some classifications considered a subdivision of Tracheophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pecopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Carboniferous fossil ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pecopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Carboniferous fossil fern characterized by a regular arrangement of the leaflets resembling a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pteridophyte", + "nonflowering plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having vascular tissue and reproducing by spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fern" + ], + "it": [ + "felce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous flowerless and seedless vascular plants having true roots from a rhizome and fronds that uncurl upward; reproduce by spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fern ally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pteridophytes of other classes than Filicopsida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agamete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asexual reproductive cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spore" + ], + "it": [ + "spora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small usually single-celled asexual reproductive body produced by many nonflowering plants and fungi and some bacteria and protozoans and that are capable of developing into a new individual without sexual fusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basidiospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sexually produced fungal spore borne on a basidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endospore" + ], + "it": [ + "endospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small asexual spore that develops inside the cell of some bacteria and algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a nonmotile spore of red algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlamydospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick-walled asexual resting spore of certain fungi and algae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conidium", + "conidiospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asexually produced fungal spore formed on a conidiophore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conidiophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a specialized fungal hypha that produces conidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oospore" + ], + "it": [ + "oospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a thick-walled sexual spore that develops from a fertilized oosphere in some algae and fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oosphere" + ], + "it": [ + "oosfera", + "ovocellula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gamete; used especially of lower plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resting spore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a spore of certain algae or fungi that lies dormant; may germinate after a prolonged period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teliospore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a chlamydospore that develops in the last stage of the life cycle of the rust fungus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tetraspore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the four asexual spores produced within a sporangium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoospore" + ], + "it": [ + "zoospora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an asexual spore of some algae and fungi that moves by means of flagella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fern seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the asexual spore of ferns that resembles dust; once thought to be seeds and to make the possessor invisible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructification" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organs of fruiting (especially the reproductive parts of ferns and mosses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy spore-bearing inner mass of e.g. a puffball or stinkhorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymenium" + ], + "it": [ + "imenio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spore-bearing layer of cells in certain fungi containing asci or basidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pycnidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flask-shaped asexual structure containing conidia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporocarp", + "spore case" + ], + "it": [ + "sporocarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specialized leaf branch in certain aquatic ferns that encloses the sori or clusters of sporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small leafy outgrowth at the base of a leaf or its stalk; usually occurring in pairs and soon shed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tepal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an undifferentiated part of a perianth that cannot be distinguished as a sepal or a petal (as in lilies and tulips)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spermatophyta", + "division Spermatophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed plants; comprises the Angiospermae (or Magnoliophyta) and Gymnospermae (or Gymnospermophyta); in some classification systems Spermatophyta is coordinate with Pteridophyta (spore producing plants having vascular tissue and roots) and Bryophyta (spore producing plants lacking vascular tissue and roots)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phanerogamae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classification systems: one of two major plant divisions, including all seed-bearing plants; superseded by the division Spermatophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptogamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in former classification systems: one of two major plant divisions, including all plants that do not bear seeds: ferns, mosses, algae, fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptogam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formerly recognized taxonomic group including all flowerless and seedless plants that reproduce by means of spores: ferns, mosses, algae, fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spermatophyte", + "phanerogam", + "seed plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that reproduces by means of seeds not spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seedling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young plant or tree grown from a seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any seed plant yielding balsam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a plant that completes its entire life cycle within the space of a year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biennial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a plant having a life cycle that normally takes two seasons from germination to death to complete; flowering biennials usually bloom and fruit in the second season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perennial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a plant lasting for three seasons or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant originally cultivated but now growing wild" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hygrophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that grows in a moist habitat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that is found in an area where it had not been recorded previously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnosperm family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of gymnosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnosperm genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of gymnosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocot family", + "liliopsid family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liliid monocot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of monocotyledonous plants of the subclass Liliidae; mostly herbs usually with petaloid sepals and petals and compound pistils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocot genus", + "liliopsid genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liliid monocot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of monocotyledonous plants comprising mostly herbs having usually petaloid sepals and petals and compound pistils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicot family", + "magnoliopsid family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnoliid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of dicotyledonous flowering plants regarded as among the most primitive of extant angiosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamamelid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of mostly woody dicotyledonous flowering plants with flowers often unisexual and often borne in catkins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caryophylloid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of relatively early dicotyledonous plants including mostly flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilleniid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of more or less advanced dicotyledonous trees and shrubs and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of more or less advanced dicotyledonous herbs and some trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosid dicot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of dicotyledonous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicot genus", + "magnoliopsid genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnoliid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of dicotyledonous flowering plants regarded as among the most primitive of extant angiosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamamelid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mostly woody relatively primitive dicotyledonous flowering plants with flowers often unisexual and often borne in catkins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caryophylloid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of relatively early dicotyledonous plants including mostly flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilleniid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous trees and shrubs and herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asterid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous herbs and some trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosid dicot genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of dicotyledonous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes lichen families" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes lichen genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fungus order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the order of fungi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnospermae", + "class Gymnospermae", + "Gymnospermophyta", + "division Gymnospermophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having naked seeds not enclosed in an ovary; in some systems considered a class (Gymnospermae) and in others a division (Gymnospermophyta); comprises three subdivisions (or classes): Cycadophytina (class Cycadopsida) and Gnetophytina (class Gnetopsida) and Coniferophytina (class Coniferopsida); in some classifications the Coniferophytina are divided into three groups: Pinophytina (class Pinopsida) and Ginkgophytina (class Ginkgopsida) and Taxophytina (class Taxopsida)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnosperm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progymnosperm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ancestral fossil type from which modern gymnosperms are thought to have derived" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnetopsida", + "class Gnetopsida", + "Gnetophytina", + "subdivision Gnetophytina", + "Gnetophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnospermous flowering plants; supposed link between conifers and angiosperms; in some systems classified as a class (Gnetopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Gnetophytina or Gnetophyta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnetales", + "order Gnetales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical or xerophytic woody plants; practically unknown as fossils but considered close to the ancestral line of angiosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gnetaceae", + "family Gnetaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having small unisexual flowers and fleshy or winged fruit: in some classifications includes the genera Ephedra and Welwitschia as well as genus Gnetum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Gnetum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Gnetaceae; small trees or shrubs usually with climbing jointed stems and terminal spikes of flowers with orange-red seeds clustered in rough cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnetum", + "Gnetum gnemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical tree with tiered branches and divaricate branchlets having broad glossy dark green leaves; exploited for its edible young leaves and seeds that provide a fine flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ephedraceae", + "family Ephedraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ephedras: in some classifications included in the Gnetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catha", + "genus Catha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of African evergreen shrubs characterized by thick leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catha edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub that is cultivated by Arabs for its leaves which are chewed or used to make tea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ephedra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Ephedraceae: tropical and subtropical evergreen shrubby or creeping plants native to dry and inhospitable regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ephedra", + "joint fir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jointed and nearly leafless desert shrub having reduced scalelike leaves and reddish fleshy seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mahuang", + "Ephedra sinica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese ephedra yielding ephedrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welwitschiaceae", + "family Welwitschiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications included in the Gnetaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Welwitschia", + "genus Welwitchia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Welwitschiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welwitschia", + "Welwitschia mirabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curious plant of arid regions of southwestern Africa having a yard-high and yard-wide trunk like a turnip with a deep taproot and two large persistent woody straplike leaves growing from the base; living relic of a flora long disappeared; some may be 700-5000 years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycadopsida", + "class Cycadopsida", + "Cycadophytina", + "subdivision Cycadophytina", + "Cycadophyta", + "subdivision Cycadophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "palmlike gymnosperms: includes the surviving order Cycadales and several extinct orders; possibly not a natural group; in some systems considered a class (Cycadopsida) and in others a subdivision (Cycadophytina or Cycadophyta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycadales", + "order Cycadales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive tropical gymnosperms abundant in the Mesozoic, now reduced to a few scattered tropical forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tropical gymnosperm of the order Cycadales; having unbranched stems with a crown of fernlike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycadaceae", + "family Cycadaceae", + "cycad family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ancient palmlike plants closely related to ferns in that fertilization is by means of spermatozoids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycas", + "genus Cycas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Cycadaceae: genus of widely distributed Old World evergreen tropical trees having pinnate leaves and columnar stems covered with persistent bases of old leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sago palm", + "Cycas revoluta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwarf palmlike cycad of Japan that yields sago" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false sago", + "fern palm", + "Cycas circinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern Indian cycad with palmlike foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zamiaceae", + "family Zamiaceae", + "zamia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of cycads often included in the family Cycadaceae: zamias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Zamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of small evergreen tropical and subtropical American cycads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zamia" + ], + "it": [ + "zamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cycads of the genus Zamia; among the smallest and most verdant cycads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coontie", + "Florida arrowroot", + "Seminole bread", + "Zamia pumila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tough woody zamia of Florida and West Indies and Cuba; roots and half-buried stems yield an arrowroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ceratozamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Mexican cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceratozamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small cycad of the genus Ceratozamia having a short scaly woody trunk and fernlike foliage and woody cones; Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dioon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of arborescent cycads of Mexico and Central America; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dioon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cycad of the genus Dioon; handsome palmlike cycads with robust crowns of leaves and rugged trunks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Encephalartos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of arborescent African cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encephalartos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous cycads of the genus Encephalartos having stout cylindrical trunks and a terminal crown of long often spiny pinnate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kaffir bread", + "Encephalartos caffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African cycad; the farinaceous pith of the fruit used as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Macrozamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large evergreen Australian cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrozamia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any treelike cycad of the genus Macrozamia having erect trunks and pinnate leaves and large cones with sometimes edible nuts; Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burrawong", + "Macrozamia communis", + "Macrozamia spiralis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large attractive palmlike evergreen cycad of New South Wales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bennettitales", + "order Bennettitales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil gymnospermous plants of the Carboniferous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bennettitaceae", + "family Bennettitaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of fossil gymnospermous plants of the Carboniferous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bennettitis", + "genus Bennettitis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type of the Bennettitales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteridospermopsida", + "class Pteridospermopsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct gymnosperms most of Carboniferous to Jurassic: seed ferns and allies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycadofilicales", + "order Cycadofilicales", + "Lyginopteridales", + "order Lyginopteridales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fossil gymnospermous trees or climbing plants from the Devonian: seed ferns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteridospermae", + "group Pteridospermae", + "Pteridospermaphyta", + "group Pteridospermaphyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classification systems: a group of extinct fossil gymnosperms coextensive with the order Cycadofilicales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lyginopteris", + "genus Lyginopteris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of fossil seed ferns of the Carboniferous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed fern", + "pteridosperm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an extinct seed-producing fernlike plant of the order Cycadofilicales (or group Pteridospermae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coniferopsida", + "class Coniferopsida", + "Coniferophytina", + "subdivision Coniferophytina", + "Coniferophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cone-bearing gymnosperms dating from the Carboniferous period; most are substantial trees; includes the classes Pinopsida (subdivision Pinophytina) and Ginkgopsida (subdivision Ginkgophytina) and Taxopsida (subdivision Taxophytina) which in turn include the surviving orders Coniferales and Taxales (yews) and sometimes Ginkgoales as well as extinct orders such as Cordaitales (of the Carboniferous and Permian)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordaitales", + "order Cordaitales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinct plants having tall arborescent trunks comparable to or more advanced than cycads; known from the Pennsylvanian period; probably extinct since the Mesozoic era" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordaitaceae", + "family Cordaitaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly Paleozoic plants; Cordaites is the chief and typical genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cordaites", + "genus Cordaites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Paleozoic trees superficially resembling modern screw pines; structurally intermediate in some ways between cycads and conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinopsida", + "class Pinopsida", + "Pinophytina", + "subdivision Pinophytina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most conifers: in some systems classified as a class (Pinopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Pinophytina); used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coniferales", + "order Coniferales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profusely branching and chiefly evergreen trees and some shrubs having narrow or needlelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinaceae", + "family Pinaceae", + "pine family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Pinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pinus", + "genus Pinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine", + "pine tree", + "true pine" + ], + "it": [ + "pino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coniferous tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine" + ], + "it": [ + "pino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straight-grained durable and often resinous white to yellowish timber of any of numerous trees of the genus Pinus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knotty pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pine lumber with many knots; used especially for paneling and furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft white wood of white pine trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard yellowish wood of a yellow pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinon", + "pinyon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several low-growing pines of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several pinons bearing edible nutlike seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinon pine", + "Mexican nut pine", + "Pinus cembroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small two-needled or three-needled pinon of Mexico and southern Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky mountain pinon", + "Pinus edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small compact two-needled pinon of southwestern United States; important as a nut pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-leaf", + "single-leaf pine", + "single-leaf pinyon", + "Pinus monophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinon of southwestern United States having solitary needles and often many stems; important as a nut pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bishop pine", + "bishop's pine", + "Pinus muricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two-needled or three-needled pinon mostly of northwestern California coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California single-leaf pinyon", + "Pinus californiarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small tree similar to Rocky mountain pinon but having a single needle per fascicle; similar to Parry's pinyon in range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parry's pinyon", + "Pinus quadrifolia", + "Pinus parryana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "five-needled pinon of southern California and northern Baja California having (sometimes three-needled or four-needled showing hybridization from Pinus californiarum)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce pine", + "Pinus glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large two-needled pine of southeastern United States with light soft wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black pine", + "Pinus nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Pinus nigra", + "pino nero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large two-needled timber pine of southeastern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch pine", + "northern pitch pine", + "Pinus rigida" + ], + "it": [ + "pitch pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large three-needled pine of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada; closely related to the pond pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond pine", + "Pinus serotina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large three-needled pine of sandy swamps of southeastern United States; needles longer than those of the northern pitch pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone pine", + "umbrella pine", + "European nut pine", + "Pinus pinea" + ], + "it": [ + "pino da pinoli", + "pino domestico", + "pino italico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized two-needled pine of southern Europe having a spreading crown; widely cultivated for its sweet seeds that resemble almonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss pine", + "Swiss stone pine", + "arolla pine", + "cembra nut tree", + "Pinus cembra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large five-needled European pine; yields cembra nuts and a resinous exudate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cembra nut", + "cedar nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed of the Swiss pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swiss mountain pine", + "mountain pine", + "dwarf mountain pine", + "mugho pine", + "mugo pine", + "Pinus mugo" + ], + "it": [ + "Pinus mugo", + "pino mugo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low shrubby pine of central Europe with short bright green needles in bunches of two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ancient pine", + "Pinus longaeva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slow-growing pine of western United States similar to the bristlecone pine; chocolate brown bark in plates and short needles in bunches of 5; crown conic but becoming rough and twisted; oldest plant in the world growing to 5000 years in cold semidesert mountain tops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several five-needled pines with white wood and smooth usually light grey bark when young; especially the eastern white pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American white pine", + "eastern white pine", + "weymouth pine", + "Pinus strobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall-growing pine of eastern North America; bark is brown with longitudinal fissures when mature; valued as a timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western white pine", + "silver pine", + "mountain pine", + "Pinus monticola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall pine of western North America with stout blue-green needles; bark is grey-brown with rectangular plates when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southwestern white pine", + "Pinus strobiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-size pine of northwestern Mexico; bark is dark brown and furrowed when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limber pine", + "Pinus flexilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western North American pine with long needles and very flexible limbs and dark-grey furrowed bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitebark pine", + "whitebarked pine", + "Pinus albicaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small pine of western North America; having smooth grey-white bark and soft brittle wood; similar to limber pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various pines having yellow wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ponderosa", + "ponderosa pine", + "western yellow pine", + "bull pine", + "Pinus ponderosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common and widely distributed tall timber pine of western North America having dark green needles in bunches of 2 to 5 and thick bark with dark brown plates when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jeffrey pine", + "Jeffrey's pine", + "black pine", + "Pinus jeffreyi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall symmetrical pine of western North America having long blue-green needles in bunches of 3 and elongated cones on spreading somewhat pendulous branches; sometimes classified as a variety of ponderosa pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore pine", + "lodgepole", + "lodgepole pine", + "spruce pine", + "Pinus contorta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby two-needled pine of coastal northwestern United States; red to yellow-brown bark fissured into small squares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sierra lodgepole pine", + "Pinus contorta murrayana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall subspecies of lodgepole pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loblolly pine", + "frankincense pine", + "Pinus taeda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall spreading three-needled pine of southeastern United States having reddish-brown fissured bark and a full bushy upper head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack pine", + "Pinus banksiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender medium-sized two-needled pine of eastern North America; with yellow-green needles and scaly grey to red-brown fissured bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several pines that prefer or endure moist situations such as loblolly pine or longleaf pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longleaf pine", + "pitch pine", + "southern yellow pine", + "Georgia pine", + "Pinus palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "pitch pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large three-needled pine of southeastern United States having very long needles and gnarled twisted limbs; bark is red-brown deeply ridged; an important timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortleaf pine", + "short-leaf pine", + "shortleaf yellow pine", + "Pinus echinata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large pine of southern United States having short needles in bunches of 2-3 and red-brown bark when mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red pine", + "Canadian red pine", + "Pinus resinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pine of eastern North America having long needles in bunches of two and reddish bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scotch pine", + "Scots pine", + "Scotch fir", + "Pinus sylvestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Pinus sylvestris", + "pino rosso", + "pino silvestre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium large two-needled pine of northern Europe and Asia having flaking red-brown bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub pine", + "Virginia pine", + "Jersey pine", + "Pinus virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common small shrubby pine of the eastern United States having straggling often twisted or branches and short needles in bunches of 2" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monterey pine", + "Pinus radiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall California pine with long needles in bunches of 3, a dense crown, and dark brown deeply fissured bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristlecone pine", + "Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine", + "Pinus aristata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slow-growing upland pine of western United States (Rocky Mountains) having dense branches with fissured rust-brown bark and short needles in bunches of 5 and thorn-tipped cone scales; among the oldest living things some over 4500 years old" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table-mountain pine", + "prickly pine", + "hickory pine", + "Pinus pungens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small two-needled upland pine of the eastern United States (Appalachians) having dark brown flaking bark and thorn-tipped cone scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knobcone pine", + "Pinus attenuata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized three-needled pine of the Pacific coast of the United States having a prominent knob on each scale of the cone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese red pine", + "Japanese table pine", + "Pinus densiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pine native to Japan and Korea having a wide-spreading irregular crown when mature; grown as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese black pine", + "black pine", + "Pinus thunbergii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Japanese ornamental having long needles in bunches of 2; widely planted in United States because of its resistance to salt and smog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torrey pine", + "Torrey's pine", + "soledad pine", + "grey-leaf pine", + "sabine pine", + "Pinus torreyana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized five-needled pine of southwestern California having long cylindrical cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Larix", + "genus Larix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larch", + "larch tree" + ], + "it": [ + "larice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larch" + ], + "it": [ + "larice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a larch tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American larch", + "tamarack", + "black larch", + "Larix laricina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized larch of Canada and northern United States including Alaska having a broad conic crown and rust-brown scaly bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western larch", + "western tamarack", + "Oregon larch", + "Larix occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall larch of western North America have pale green sharply pointed leaves and oblong cones; an important timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subalpine larch", + "Larix lyallii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized larch of the Rocky Mountains; closely related to Larix occidentalis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European larch", + "Larix decidua" + ], + "it": [ + "Larix decidua", + "larice comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall European tree having a slender conic crown, flat needlelike leaves, and hairy cone scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian larch", + "Larix siberica", + "Larix russica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized larch of northeastern Russia and Siberia having narrowly conic crown and soft narrow bright-green leaves; used in cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudolarix", + "genus Pseudolarix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: golden larch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden larch", + "Pseudolarix amabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese deciduous conifer resembling a larch with golden yellow leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abies", + "genus Abies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true firs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fir", + "fir tree", + "true fir" + ], + "it": [ + "abete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various evergreen trees of the genus Abies; chiefly of upland areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fir" + ], + "it": [ + "abete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nonresinous wood of a fir tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver fir" + ], + "it": [ + "abete bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various true firs having leaves white or silvery white beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amabilis fir", + "white fir", + "Pacific silver fir", + "red silver fir", + "Christmas tree", + "Abies amabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to tall fir of western North America having a conic crown and branches in tiers; leaves smell of orange when crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European silver fir", + "Christmas tree", + "Abies alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Abies alba", + "abete bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall timber tree of central and southern Europe having a regular crown and grey bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white fir", + "Colorado fir", + "California white fir", + "Abies concolor", + "Abies lowiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium to tall fir of central to western United States having a narrow erect crown and soft wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsam fir", + "balm of Gilead", + "Canada balsam", + "Abies balsamea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized fir of northeastern North America; leaves smell of balsam when crushed; much used for pulpwood and Christmas trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fraser fir", + "Abies fraseri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small fast-growing but short-lived fir of southern Alleghenies similar to balsam fir but with very short leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowland fir", + "lowland white fir", + "giant fir", + "grand fir", + "Abies grandis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lofty fir of the Pacific coast of northwestern America having long curving branches and deep green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine fir", + "subalpine fir", + "Abies lasiocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-tall timber tree of the Rocky Mountains having a narrowly conic to columnar crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Lucia fir", + "bristlecone fir", + "Abies bracteata", + "Abies venusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pyramidal fir of southwestern California having spiny pointed leaves and cone scales with long spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cedrus", + "genus Cedrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "true cedars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar", + "cedar tree", + "true cedar" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cedar of the genus Cedrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar", + "cedarwood" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "durable aromatic wood of any of numerous cedar trees; especially wood of the red cedar often used for cedar chests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red cedar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant reddish wood of any of various red cedar trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil cedar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a pencil cedar tree; used for making pencils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar of Lebanon", + "Cedrus libani" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro del Libano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cedar of Lebanon and northwestern Syria that attains great age and height" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deodar", + "deodar cedar", + "Himalayan cedar", + "Cedrus deodara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall East Indian cedar having spreading branches with nodding tips; highly valued for its appearance as well as its timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atlas cedar", + "Cedrus atlantica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Algerian evergreen of Atlas mountains with blue-green leaves; widely planted as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Picea", + "genus Picea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of temperate and Arctic evergreen trees (see spruce)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any coniferous tree of the genus Picea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Norway spruce", + "Picea abies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall pyramidal spruce native to northern Europe having dark green foliage on spreading branches with pendulous branchlets and long pendulous cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weeping spruce", + "Brewer's spruce", + "Picea breweriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized spruce of California and Oregon having pendulous branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Engelmann spruce", + "Engelmann's spruce", + "Picea engelmannii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall spruce of Rocky Mountains and British Columbia with blue-green needles and acutely conic crown; wood used for rough lumber and boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white spruce", + "Picea glauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized spruce of northeastern North America having short blue-green leaves and slender cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black spruce", + "Picea mariana", + "spruce pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spruce of boggy areas of northeastern North America having spreading branches with dense foliage; inferior wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian spruce", + "Picea obovata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall spruce of northern Europe and Asia; resembles Norway spruce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sitka spruce", + "Picea sitchensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large spruce that grows only along the northwestern coast of the United States and Canada; has sharp stiff needles and thin bark; the wood has a high ratio of strength to weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriental spruce", + "Picea orientalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of the Caucasus and Asia Minor used as an ornamental having pendulous branchlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colorado spruce", + "Colorado blue spruce", + "silver spruce", + "Picea pungens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall spruce with blue-green needles and dense conic crown; older trees become columnar with lower branches sweeping downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red spruce", + "eastern spruce", + "yellow spruce", + "Picea rubens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized spruce of eastern North America; chief lumber spruce of the area; source of pulpwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tsuga", + "genus Tsuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hemlock; hemlock fir; hemlock spruce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemlock", + "hemlock tree" + ], + "it": [ + "tsuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemlock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft coarse splintery wood of a hemlock tree especially the western hemlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern hemlock", + "Canadian hemlock", + "spruce pine", + "Tsuga canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common forest tree of the eastern United States and Canada; used especially for pulpwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina hemlock", + "Tsuga caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized evergreen of southeastern United States having spreading branches and widely diverging cone scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain hemlock", + "black hemlock", + "Tsuga mertensiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen of western United States; wood much harder than Canadian hemlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western hemlock", + "Pacific hemlock", + "west coast hemlock", + "Tsuga heterophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen of western North America; commercially important timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudotsuga", + "genus Pseudotsuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "douglas fir; closely related to genera Larix and Cathaya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douglas fir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen timber tree of western North America having resinous wood and short needles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douglas fir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong durable timber of a douglas fir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green douglas fir", + "douglas spruce", + "douglas pine", + "douglas hemlock", + "Oregon fir", + "Oregon pine", + "Pseudotsuga menziesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lofty douglas fir of northwestern North America having short needles and egg-shaped cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "big-cone spruce", + "big-cone douglas fir", + "Pseudotsuga macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "douglas fir of California having cones 4-8 inches long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cathaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; related to Pseudotsuga and Larix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cathaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese evergreen conifer discovered in 1955; not yet cultivated elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cupressaceae", + "family Cupressaceae", + "cypress family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cypresses and junipers and many cedars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cedar", + "cedar tree" + ], + "it": [ + "cedro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cupressus", + "genus Cupressus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Cupressaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress", + "cypress tree" + ], + "it": [ + "cipresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous evergreen conifers of the genus Cupressus of north temperate regions having dark scalelike leaves and rounded cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress" + ], + "it": [ + "cipresso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of any of various cypress trees especially of the genus Cupressus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gowen cypress", + "Cupressus goveniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small sometimes shrubby tree native to California; often used as an ornamental; in some classification systems includes the pygmy cypress and the Santa Cruz cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pygmy cypress", + "Cupressus pigmaea", + "Cupressus goveniana pigmaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare small cypress native to northern California; sometimes considered the same species as gowen cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Santa Cruz cypress", + "Cupressus abramsiana", + "Cupressus goveniana abramsiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare California cypress taller than but closely related to gowen cypress and sometimes considered the same species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arizona cypress", + "Cupressus arizonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Arizona timber tree with bluish silvery foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guadalupe cypress", + "Cupressus guadalupensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relatively low wide-spreading endemic on Guadalupe Island; cultivated for its bluish foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monterey cypress", + "Cupressus macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall California cypress endemic on Monterey Bay; widely used for ornament as well as reforestation and shelterbelt planting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican cypress", + "cedar of Goa", + "Portuguese cypress", + "Cupressus lusitanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall spreading evergreen found in Mexico having drooping branches; believed to have been introduced into Portugal from Goa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Italian cypress", + "Mediterranean cypress", + "Cupressus sempervirens" + ], + "it": [ + "Cupressus sempervirens", + "cipresso comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Eurasian cypress with thin grey bark and ascending branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Athrotaxis", + "genus Athrotaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of gymnosperm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "King William pine", + "Athrotaxis selaginoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen of Tasmanian mountains having sharp-pointed leaves that curve inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austrocedrus", + "genus Austrocedrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; formerly included in genus Libocedrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean cedar", + "Austrocedrus chilensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small South American evergreen having coppery bark and pretty foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callitris", + "genus Callitris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen monoecious coniferous trees or shrubs: cypress pines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cypress pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen trees or shrubs of Australia and northern New Caledonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Jackson pine", + "Callitris cupressiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian cypress pine having globular cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black cypress pine", + "red cypress pine", + "Callitris endlicheri", + "Callitris calcarata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree with small flattened scales as leaves and numerous dark brown seed; valued for its timber and resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white cypress pine", + "Callitris glaucophylla", + "Callitris glauca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree or shrub of southern Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stringybark pine", + "Callitris parlatorei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian cypress pine with fibrous inner bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calocedrus", + "genus Calocedrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreens of western North America and eastern Asia; formerly included in genus Libocedrus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense cedar", + "red cedar", + "Calocedrus decurrens", + "Libocedrus decurrens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tree of the Pacific coast of North America having foliage like cypress and cinnamon-red bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chamaecyparis", + "genus Chamaecyparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Chamaecyparis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern white cedar", + "coast white cedar", + "Atlantic white cedar", + "white cypress", + "white cedar", + "Chamaecyparis thyoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing medium-sized cedar of east coast of the United States; resembles American arborvitae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon cedar", + "Port Orford cedar", + "Lawson's cypress", + "Lawson's cedar", + "Chamaecyparis lawsoniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large timber tree of western North America with trunk diameter to 12 feet and height to 200 feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Port Orford cedar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood of the Port Orford cedar tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow cypress", + "yellow cedar", + "Nootka cypress", + "Alaska cedar", + "Chamaecyparis nootkatensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen of the Pacific coast of North America often cultivated for ornament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cryptomeria", + "genus Cryptomeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Japanese cedar; sugi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese cedar", + "Japan cedar", + "sugi", + "Cryptomeria japonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen of Japan and China yielding valuable soft wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juniperus", + "genus Juniperus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "junipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juniper" + ], + "it": [ + "ginepro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coniferous shrub or small tree with berrylike cones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juniper berry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "berrylike fruit of a plant of the genus Juniperus especially the berrylike cone of the common juniper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil cedar", + "pencil cedar tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several junipers with wood suitable for making pencils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eastern red cedar", + "red cedar", + "red juniper", + "Juniperus virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small juniper found east of Rocky Mountains having a conic crown, brown bark that peels in shreds, and small sharp needles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bermuda cedar", + "Juniperus bermudiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental densely pyramidal juniper of Bermuda; fairly large for a juniper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "east African cedar", + "Juniperus procera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical African timber tree with fragrant wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern red cedar", + "Juniperus silicicola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "juniper of swampy coastal regions of southeastern United States; similar to eastern red cedar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf juniper", + "savin", + "Juniperus sabina" + ], + "it": [ + "sabina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procumbent or spreading juniper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common juniper", + "Juniperus communis" + ], + "it": [ + "Juniperus communis", + "ginepro comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely branching shrub or small tree having pungent blue berries used to flavor gin; widespread in northern hemisphere; only conifer on coasts of Iceland and Greenland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground cedar", + "dwarf juniper", + "Juniperus communis depressa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a procumbent variety of the common juniper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping juniper", + "Juniperus horizontalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low to prostrate shrub of Canada and northern United States; bronzed purple in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican juniper", + "drooping juniper", + "Juniperus flaccida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of western Texas and mountains of Mexico having spreading branches with drooping branchlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Libocedrus", + "genus Libocedrus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cypresses that resemble cedars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incense cedar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several attractive trees of southwestern South America and New Zealand and New Caledonia having glossy evergreen leaves and scented wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kawaka", + "Libocedrus plumosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand timber tree resembling the cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pahautea", + "Libocedrus bidwillii", + "mountain pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of New Zealand resembling the kawaka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxodiaceae", + "subfamily Taxodiaceae", + "redwood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coniferous trees; traditionally considered an independent family though recently included in Cupressaceae in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Metasequoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of deciduous conifers comprising both living and fossil forms; 1 extant species: dawn redwood of China; variously classified as member of Pinaceae or Taxodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metasequoia", + "dawn redwood", + "Metasequoia glyptostrodoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large fast-growing Chinese monoecious tree having flat bright-green deciduous leaves and small globular cones; commonly cultivated in United States as an ornamental; known as a fossil before being discovered in China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sequoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redwoods; until recently considered a genus of a separate family Taxodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequoia", + "redwood" + ], + "it": [ + "sequoia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California redwood", + "coast redwood", + "Sequoia sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lofty evergreen of United States coastal foothills from Oregon to Big Sur; it flourishes in wet, rainy, foggy habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sequoiadendron", + "genus Sequoiadendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "giant sequoias; sometimes included in the genus Sequoia; until recently placed in the Taxodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant sequoia", + "big tree", + "Sierra redwood", + "Sequoiadendron giganteum", + "Sequoia gigantea", + "Sequoia Wellingtonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely lofty evergreen of southern end of western foothills of Sierra Nevada in California; largest living organism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxodium", + "genus Taxodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bald cypress; swamp cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bald cypress", + "swamp cypress", + "pond bald cypress", + "southern cypress", + "Taxodium distichum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common cypress of southeastern United States having trunk expanded at base; found in coastal swamps and flooding river bottoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond cypress", + "bald cypress", + "Taxodium ascendens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smaller than and often included in the closely related Taxodium distichum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montezuma cypress", + "Mexican swamp cypress", + "Taxodium mucronatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cypress of river valleys of Mexican highlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ahuehuete", + "Tule tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mexico's most famous tree; a giant specimen of Montezuma cypress more than 2,000 years old with a girth of 165 feet at Santa Maria del Tule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetraclinis", + "genus Tetraclinis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandarac tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandarac", + "sandarac tree", + "Tetraclinis articulata", + "Callitris quadrivalvis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large coniferous evergreen tree of North Africa and Spain having flattened branches and scalelike leaves yielding a hard fragrant wood; bark yields a resin used in varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandarac", + "sandarach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a brittle and faintly aromatic translucent resin used in varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandarac", + "citronwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "durable fragrant wood; used in building (as in the roof of the cathedral at Cordova, Spain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thuja", + "genus Thuja" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "red cedar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arborvitae" + ], + "it": [ + "tuia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Asian and North American conifers of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western red cedar", + "red cedar", + "canoe cedar", + "Thuja plicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large valuable arborvitae of northwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American arborvitae", + "northern white cedar", + "white cedar", + "Thuja occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen of eastern North America having tiny scalelike leaves on flattened branchlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oriental arborvitae", + "Thuja orientalis", + "Platycladus orientalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic shrub or small tree widely planted in United States and Europe; in some classifications assigned to its own genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thujopsis", + "genus Thujopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species; has close similarity to genus Thuja" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiba arborvitae", + "Thujopsis dolobrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing medium-large Japanese evergreen used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Keteleeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of keteleeria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keteleeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic conifers resembling firs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araucariaceae", + "family Araucariaceae", + "araucaria family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen cone-bearing trees of South America and Australia with broad leathery leaves; in some classifications included in the Pinaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wollemi pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "newly discovered (1994) pine thought to have been long extinct; Australia; genus and species names not yet assigned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Araucaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the araucaria family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "araucaria" + ], + "it": [ + "araucaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tall South American or Australian trees with large cones and edible seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkey puzzle", + "chile pine", + "Araucaria araucana" + ], + "it": [ + "araucaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Chilean evergreen conifer having intertwined branches and bearing edible nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "norfolk island pine", + "Araucaria heterophylla", + "Araucaria excelsa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen of Australia and Norfolk Island in the South Pacific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "new caledonian pine", + "Araucaria columnaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very tall evergreen of New Caledonia and the New Hebrides similar to norfolk island pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunya bunya", + "bunya bunya tree", + "Araucaria bidwillii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian conifer bearing two-inch seeds tasting like roasted chestnuts; among the aborigines the tree is hereditary property protected by law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoop pine", + "Moreton Bay pine", + "Araucaria cunninghamii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pine of Australia and New Guinea; yields a valuable light even-textured wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agathis", + "genus Agathis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kauri pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kauri pine", + "dammar pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees of the genus Agathis; yield dammar resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kauri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white close-grained wood of a tree of the genus Agathis especially Agathis australis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kauri", + "kaury", + "Agathis australis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall timber tree of New Zealand having white straight-grained wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amboina pine", + "amboyna pine", + "Agathis dammara", + "Agathis alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to the Moluccas and Philippines; a source of dammar resin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dundathu pine", + "queensland kauri", + "smooth bark kauri", + "Agathis robusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian timber tree resembling the kauri but having wood much lighter in weight and softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red kauri", + "Agathis lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand tree with glossy leaves and scaly reddish-brown bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalotaxaceae", + "family Cephalotaxaceae", + "plum-yew family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Cephalotaxaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cephalotaxus", + "genus Cephalotaxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the genus of Cephalotaxus (see plum-yews)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum-yew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen trees and shrubs of eastern Asia resembling yew and having large seeds enclosed in a fleshy envelope; sometimes cultivated as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Torreya", + "genus Torreya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutmeg-yews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California nutmeg", + "nutmeg-yew", + "Torreya californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California evergreen having a fruit resembling a nutmeg but with a strong turpentine flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinking cedar", + "stinking yew", + "Torrey tree", + "Torreya taxifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare small evergreen of northern Florida; its glossy green leaves have an unpleasant fetid smell when crushed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllocladaceae", + "family Phyllocladaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Phyllocladaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phyllocladus", + "genus Phyllocladus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celery pine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery pine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian evergreen conifer having a graceful head of foliage resembling celery that is composed of phyllodes borne in the axils of scalelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celery top pine", + "celery-topped pine", + "Phyllocladus asplenifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium tall celery pine of Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tanekaha", + "Phyllocladus trichomanoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium tall celery pine of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine celery pine", + "Phyllocladus alpinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby celery pine of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowwood", + "yellowwood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees having yellowish wood or yielding a yellow extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gymnospermous yellowwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various gymnospermous trees having yellow wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiospermous yellowwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various angiospermous trees having yellow wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellowwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the yellow wood of any of various yellowwood trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podocarpaceae", + "family Podocarpaceae", + "podocarpus family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gymnosperms with simple persistent needlelike or scalelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podocarpus", + "genus Podocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen trees or shrubs; sometimes classified as member of the family Taxaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any evergreen in the southern hemisphere of the genus Podocarpus having a pulpy fruit with one hard seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yacca", + "yacca podocarp", + "Podocarpus coriaceus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian evergreen with medium to long leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown pine", + "Rockingham podocarp", + "Podocarpus elatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large Australian tree with straight-grained yellow wood that turns brown on exposure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cape yellowwood", + "African yellowwood", + "Podocarpus elongatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African tree or shrub having a rounded crown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "South-African yellowwood", + "Podocarpus latifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or shrubby tree of Africa having ridged dark grey bark and rigid glossy medium to long leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine totara", + "Podocarpus nivalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low wide-spreading coniferous shrub of New Zealand mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totara", + "Podocarpus totara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valuable timber tree of New Zealand yielding hard reddish wood used for furniture and bridges and wharves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Afrocarpus", + "genus Afrocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dioecious evergreen trees or shrubs; equatorial to southern and southeastern Africa: yellowwood; similar to trees or genus Podocarpus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common yellowwood", + "bastard yellowwood", + "Afrocarpus falcata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacrycarpus", + "genus Dacrycarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen coniferous shrubs or trees of New Zealand to Malaysia and Philippines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kahikatea", + "New Zealand Dacryberry", + "New Zealand white pine", + "Dacrycarpus dacrydioides", + "Podocarpus dacrydioides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand evergreen valued for its light easily worked wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dacrydium", + "genus Dacrydium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australasian evergreen trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rimu", + "imou pine", + "red pine", + "Dacrydium cupressinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall New Zealand timber tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarwood", + "tar-wood", + "Dacrydium colensoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand silver pine of conical habit with long slender flexuous branches; adapted to cold wet summers and high altitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Falcatifolium", + "genus Falcatifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sickle pines: dioecious evergreen tropical trees and shrubs having sickle-shaped leaves; similar to Dacrycarpus in habit; Malaysia and Philippines to New Guinea and New Caledonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common sickle pine", + "Falcatifolium falciforme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical rain forest tree of Indonesia and Malaysia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow-leaf sickle pine", + "Falcatifolium taxoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a rain forest tree or shrub of New Caledonia having a conic crown and pale green sickle-shaped leaves; host species for the rare parasite yew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Halocarpus", + "genus Halocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dioecious trees or shrubs of New Zealand; similar in habit to Dacrydium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarwood", + "tar-wood", + "New Zealand mountain pine", + "Halocarpus bidwilli", + "Dacrydium bidwilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lagarostrobus", + "genus Lagarostrobus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of dioecious evergreen trees of New Zealand and Tasmania; similar to genus Dacrydium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "westland pine", + "silver pine", + "Lagarostrobus colensoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "timber tree of New Zealand having shiny white wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huon pine", + "Lagarostrobus franklinii", + "Dacrydium franklinii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Tasmanian timber tree with yellow aromatic wavy-grained wood used for carving and ship building; sometimes placed in genus Dacrydium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidothamnus", + "genus Lepidothamnus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small usually shrubby conifers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean rimu", + "Lepidothamnus fonkii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "about the hardiest Podocarpaceae species; prostrate spreading shrub similar to mountain rimu; mountains of southern Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain rimu", + "Lepidothamnus laxifolius", + "Dacridium laxifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing to prostrate shrub with slender trailing branches; New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Microstrobos", + "genus Microstrobos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "2 species of small evergreen shrubs of Australia and Tasmania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tasman dwarf pine", + "Microstrobos niphophilus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub or Tasmania having short stiff branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nageia", + "genus Nageia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Asian evergreen trees having columnar crowns and distinguished by leaves lacking a midrib; eastern Asia including India and Philippines and New Guinea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nagi", + "Nageia nagi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized tree having glossy lanceolate leaves; southern China to Taiwan and southern Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parasitaxus", + "genus Parasitaxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: parasite yew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parasite yew", + "Parasitaxus ustus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rare and endangered monoecious parasitic conifer of New Caledonia; parasitic on Falcatifolium taxoides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prumnopitys", + "genus Prumnopitys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly dioecious evergreen conifers; leaves are softer than in Podocarpus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miro", + "black pine", + "Prumnopitys ferruginea", + "Podocarpus ferruginea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand conifer used for lumber; the dark wood is used for interior carpentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matai", + "black pine", + "Prumnopitys taxifolia", + "Podocarpus spicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conifer of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plum-fruited yew", + "Prumnopitys andina", + "Prumnopitys elegans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American evergreen tree or shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Retrophyllum", + "genus Retrophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical evergreen dioecious shrubs or trees of Oceania and tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saxe-gothea", + "Saxegothea", + "genus Saxe-gothea", + "genus Saxegothea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: Prince Albert's yew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prince Albert yew", + "Prince Albert's yew", + "Saxe-gothea conspicua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small yew having attractive foliage and partially weeping branches cultivated as an ornamental; mountains of southern Chile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sundacarpus", + "genus Sundacarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sundacarpus amara", + "Prumnopitys amara", + "Podocarpus amara" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large fast-growing monoecious tropical evergreen tree having large glossy lanceolate leaves; of rain forests of Sumatra and Philippines to northern Queensland" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciadopityaceae", + "family Sciadopityaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family comprising a single genus that until recently was considered part of Taxodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sciadopitys", + "genus Sciadopitys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type and sole genus of Sciadopityaceae; Japanese umbrella pines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese umbrella pine", + "Sciadopitys verticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen having a symmetrical spreading crown and needles growing in whorls that resemble umbrellas at ends of twigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxopsida", + "class Taxopsida", + "Taxophytina", + "subdivision Taxophytina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yews: in some systems classified as a class (Taxopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Taxophytina) used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxales", + "order Taxales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Taxaceae: yews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxaceae", + "family Taxaceae", + "yew family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes classified as member of order Taxales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Taxus", + "genus Taxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yews" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yew" + ], + "it": [ + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous evergreen trees or shrubs having red cup-shaped berries and flattened needlelike leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of a yew; especially the durable fine-grained light brown or red wood of the English yew valued for cabinetwork and archery bows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Old World yew", + "English yew", + "Taxus baccata" + ], + "it": [ + "Taxus baccata", + "albero della morte", + "tasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predominant yew in Europe; extraordinarily long-lived and slow growing; one of the oldest species in the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pacific yew", + "California yew", + "western yew", + "Taxus brevifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small or medium irregularly branched tree of the Pacific coast of North America; yields fine hard close-grained wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese yew", + "Taxus cuspidata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby hardy evergreen of China and Japan having lustrous dark green foliage; cultivated in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Florida yew", + "Taxus floridana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small bushy yew of northern Florida having spreading branches and very narrow leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Austrotaxus", + "genus Austrotaxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gymnosperm genus having one species: New Caledonian yew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Caledonian yew", + "Austrotaxus spicata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large yew native to New Caledonia; cultivated in eastern Australia and New Zealand and Hawaii" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudotaxus", + "genus Pseudotaxus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-berry yew", + "Pseudotaxus chienii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yew of southeastern China, differing from the Old World yew in having white berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ginkgopsida", + "class Ginkgopsida", + "Ginkgophytina", + "class Ginkgophytina", + "subdivision Ginkgophytina", + "subdivision Ginkgophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ginkgos: in some systems classified as a class and in others as a subdivision; used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ginkgoales", + "order Ginkgoales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Ginkgoaceae: plants that first appeared in the Permian and now represented by a single surviving species; often included in Coniferales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ginkgoaceae", + "family Ginkgoaceae", + "ginkgo family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituting the order Ginkgoales; includes the genus Ginkgo and extinct forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ginkgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sole surviving genus of the Ginkgoaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginkgo", + "gingko", + "maidenhair tree", + "Ginkgo biloba" + ], + "it": [ + "ginkgo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous dioecious Chinese tree having fan-shaped leaves and fleshy yellow seeds; exists almost exclusively in cultivation especially as an ornamental street tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pteropsida", + "subdivision Pteropsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications to include all ferns and flowering plants and divided into the three classes Filicinae and Gymnospermae and Angiospermae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Angiospermae", + "class Angiospermae", + "Magnoliophyta", + "division Magnoliophyta", + "Anthophyta", + "division Anthophyta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in an ovary; in some systems considered a class (Angiospermae) and in others a division (Magnoliophyta or Anthophyta)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiosperm", + "flowering plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having seeds in a closed ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angiocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tree bearing fruit enclosed in a shell or involucre or husk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicotyledones", + "class Dicotyledones", + "Dicotyledonae", + "class Dicotyledonae", + "Magnoliopsida", + "class Magnoliopsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising seed plants that produce an embryo with paired cotyledons and net-veined leaves; divided into six (not always well distinguished) subclasses (or superorders): Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae (considered primitive); Caryophyllidae (an early and distinctive offshoot); and three more or less advanced groups: Dilleniidae; Rosidae; Asteridae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicot", + "dicotyledon", + "magnoliopsid", + "exogen" + ], + "it": [ + "dicotiledone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flowering plant with two cotyledons; the stem grows by deposit on its outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magnoliidae", + "subclass Magnoliidae", + "ranalian complex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of families of trees and shrubs and herbs having well-developed perianths and apocarpous ovaries and generally regarded as the most primitive extant flowering plants; contains 36 families including Magnoliaceae and Ranunculaceae; sometimes classified as a superorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Monocotyledones", + "class Monocotyledones", + "Monocotyledonae", + "class Monocotyledonae", + "Liliopsida", + "class Liliopsida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising seed plants that produce an embryo with a single cotyledon and parallel-veined leaves: includes grasses and lilies and palms and orchids; divided into four subclasses or superorders: Alismatidae; Arecidae; Commelinidae; and Liliidae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocot", + "monocotyledon", + "liliopsid", + "endogen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a monocotyledonous flowering plant; the stem grows by deposits on its inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alismatidae", + "subclass Alismatidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises about 500 species in 14 families of aquatic and semiaquatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arecidae", + "subclass Arecidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four subclasses or superorder of Monocotyledones; comprises about 6400 species in 5 families of trees and shrubs and terrestrial herbs and a few free-floating aquatics including: Palmae; Araceae; Pandanaceae and Lemnaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Commelinidae", + "subclass Commelinidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises about 19,000 species in 25 families of mostly terrestrial herbs especially of moist places including: Cyperaceae; Gramineae; Bromeliaceae; and Zingiberaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower", + "bloom", + "blossom" + ], + "it": [ + "fiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts" + ], + "it": [ + "la parte più bella e appariscente di una pianta, adatta alla riproduzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floret", + "floweret" + ], + "it": [ + "fioretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a diminutive flower (especially one that is part of a composite flower)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower" + ], + "it": [ + "fiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms" + ], + "it": [ + "una pianta coltivata per i suoi fiori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloomer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flower that blooms in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wildflower", + "wild flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild or uncultivated flowering plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apetalous flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower having no petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flower head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shortened compact cluster of flowers so arranged that the whole gives the effect of a single flower as in clover or members of the family Compositae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "infiorescenza", + "inflorescenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the flowering part of a plant or arrangement of flowers on a stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray flower", + "ray floret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small flower with a flat strap-shaped corolla usually occupying the peripheral rings of a composite flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catkin", + "ament" + ], + "it": [ + "amento", + "gattino", + "gatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cylindrical spikelike inflorescence" + ], + "it": [ + "tipo di infiorescenza a spiga pendula, con fiori solo staminiferi o solo pistilliferi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bud" + ], + "it": [ + "boccio", + "bocciolo", + "bottone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partially opened flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosebud" + ], + "it": [ + "bocciolo di rosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the bud of a rose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamen" + ], + "it": [ + "stame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male reproductive organ of a flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anther" + ], + "it": [ + "antera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the part of the stamen that contains pollen; usually borne on a stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynostegium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the crown of the stamen in plants of the genus Asclepias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollen" + ], + "it": [ + "polline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fine spores that contain male gametes and that are borne by an anther in a flowering plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coherent mass of pollen grains (as in orchids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproductive structure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the parts of a plant involved in its reproduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistil" + ], + "it": [ + "pistillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynobase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the enlarged receptacle in which the pistil is borne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gynophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stalk of a pistil that raises it above the receptacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simple pistil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consists of one carpel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound pistil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consists of two or more fused carpels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistillode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a sterile vestigial pistil remaining in a staminate flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the narrow elongated part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an enlargement at the base of the style in some Umbelliferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigma" + ], + "it": [ + "stigma", + "stimma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the apical end of the style where deposited pollen enters the pistil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpel" + ], + "it": [ + "carpello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a simple pistil or one element of a compound pistil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpophore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a slender stalk that furnishes an axis for a carpel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornstalk", + "corn stalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stalk of a corn plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stalk of a stamen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funicle", + "funiculus" + ], + "it": [ + "funicolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stalk of a plant ovule or seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petiolule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stalk of a leaflet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mericarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a carpel with one seed; one of a pair split apart at maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hilum" + ], + "it": [ + "ilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the scar on certain seeds marking its point of attachment to the funicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovary" + ], + "it": [ + "ovario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the organ that bears the ovules of a flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovule" + ], + "it": [ + "ovulo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant; develops into a seed after fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalaza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "basal part of a plant ovule opposite the micropyle; where integument and nucellus are joined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucellus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "central part of a plant ovule; contains the embryo sac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "micropyle" + ], + "it": [ + "micropilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute opening in the wall of an ovule through which the pollen tube enters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amphitropous ovule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partly inverted ovule turned back 90 degrees on its stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatropous ovule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a completely inverted ovule turned back 180 degrees on its stalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campylotropous ovule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a curved ovule with the micropyle almost touching the funiculus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orthotropous ovule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a completely straight ovule with the micropyle at the apex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoma", + "stomate", + "pore" + ], + "it": [ + "stoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a minute epidermal pore in a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor can pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ pore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a pore in the outer wall of a spore or pollen grain through which the germ tube or pollen tube makes its exit on germination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germ tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a slender tubular outgrowth from a spore in germination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollen tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a slender tubular outgrowth from a pollen grain when deposited on the stigma for a flower; it penetrates the style and conveys the male gametes to the ovule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placenta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "that part of the ovary of a flowering plant where the ovules form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrangement of the ovules in the placenta and of the placentas in the ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apical placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where one or few ovules develop at the top of a simple or compound ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axile placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ovules are borne at or around the center of a compound ovary on an axis formed from joined septa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basal placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where one or few ovules develop at the base of a simple or compound ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free central placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where ovules develop on a central column in a compound ovary lacking septa or with septa at base only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamellate placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "with ovules on thin extensions of the placentae into a compound ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginal placentation", + "ventral placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "with ovules borne on the wall along the ventral suture of a simple ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parietal placentation" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "where ovules develop on the wall or slight outgrowths of the wall forming broken partitions within a compound ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testa", + "episperm", + "seed coat" + ], + "it": [ + "testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protective outer layer of seeds of flowering plants" + ], + "it": [ + "rivestimento esterno del seme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endosperm" + ], + "it": [ + "albume", + "endosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo within seeds of flowering plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small asexual reproductive structure in e.g. liverworts and mosses that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone", + "strobilus", + "strobile" + ], + "it": [ + "strobilo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cone-shaped mass of ovule- or spore-bearing scales or bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fir cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed-producing cone of a fir tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galbulus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed-producing cone of a cypress tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinecone" + ], + "it": [ + "pigna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed-producing cone of a pine tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "septum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a partition or wall especially in an ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "guscio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard usually fibrous outer layer of some fruits especially nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the shell around the kernel of a nut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nectary", + "honey gland" + ], + "it": [ + "nettario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a gland (often a protuberance or depression) that secretes nectar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a mature fertilized plant ovule consisting of an embryo and its food source and having a protective coat or testa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pericarp", + "seed vessel" + ], + "it": [ + "pericarpio", + "pericarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the ripened and variously modified walls of a plant ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicarp", + "exocarp" + ], + "it": [ + "epicarpio", + "epicarpo", + "esocarpio", + "esocarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outermost layer of the pericarp of fruits as the skin of a peach or grape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesocarp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the middle layer of a pericarp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone", + "pit", + "endocarp" + ], + "it": [ + "endocarpio", + "endocarpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the hard inner (usually woody) layer of the pericarp of some fruits (as peaches or plums or cherries or olives) that contains the seed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small hard seed found in some fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsule" + ], + "it": [ + "capsula", + "cassula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dry dehiscent seed vessel or the spore-containing structure of e.g. mosses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilocular capsule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a capsule divided into two cells or compartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the rounded seed-bearing capsule of a cotton or flax plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silique", + "siliqua" + ], + "it": [ + "siliqua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow elongated seed capsule peculiar to the family Cruciferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short broad silique occurring in some cruciferous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peristome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) fringe of toothlike appendages surrounding the mouth of a moss capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haustorium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a root-like attachment in parasitic plants that penetrates and obtains food from the host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cataphyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a reduced or scarcely developed leaf at the start of a plant's life (i.e., cotyledons) or in the early stages of leaf development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotyledon", + "seed leaf" + ], + "it": [ + "cotiledone", + "embriofillo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embryo" + ], + "it": [ + "embrione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a minute rudimentary plant contained within a seed or an archegonium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perisperm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the nutritive tissue outside the sac containing the embryo in some seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monocarp", + "monocarpic plant", + "monocarpous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that bears fruit once and dies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporophyte" + ], + "it": [ + "sporofito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the spore-producing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gametophyte" + ], + "it": [ + "gametofito", + "protallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the gamete-bearing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megagametophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the female gametophyte produced by the megaspore of a plant that produces both microspore and megaspores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megasporangium", + "macrosporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant structure that produces megaspores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megasporophyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in non-flowering plants, a sporophyll that bears only megasporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microgametophyte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the male gametophyte produced by a microspore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microspore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smaller of the two types of spore produced in heterosporous plants; develops in the pollen sac into a male gametophyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsporangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant structure that produces microspores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microsporophyll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in non-flowering plants, a sporophyll that bears only microsporangia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "megaspore", + "macrospore" + ], + "it": [ + "macrospora", + "megaspora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "larger of the two types of spore produced in heterosporous plants; develops in ovule into a female gametophyte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archespore", + "archesporium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "primitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daughter cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cell formed by the division or budding of another cell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell from which another cell of an organism (usually of a different sort) develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spore mother cell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cell from which a spore develops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archegonium" + ], + "it": [ + "archegonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a female sex organ occurring in mosses, ferns, and most gymnosperms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonduc nut", + "nicker nut", + "nicker seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard shiny grey seed of a bonduc tree; used for making e.g. jewelry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Job's tears" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hard pearly seeds of an Asiatic grass; often used as beads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oilseed", + "oil-rich seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several seeds that yield oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castor bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the toxic seed of the castor-oil plant; source of castor oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of cotton plants; source of cottonseed oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candlenut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of candlenut tree; source of soil used in varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peach pit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stone seed of a peach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherry stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the stone seed of a cherry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypanthium", + "floral cup", + "calyx tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the cuplike or ringlike or tubular structure of a flower which bears the sepals and stamens and calyx (as in Rosaceae)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petal", + "flower petal" + ], + "it": [ + "petalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part of the perianth that is usually brightly colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sepal" + ], + "it": [ + "sepalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one of the green parts that form the calyx of a flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a projection like a chin formed by the sepals and base of the column in some orchids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floral leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a modified leaf that is part of a flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corolla" + ], + "it": [ + "corolla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the whorl of petals of a flower that collectively form an inner floral envelope or layer of the perianth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the trumpet-shaped or cup-shaped outgrowth of the corolla of a daffodil or narcissus flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calyx" + ], + "it": [ + "calice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) the whorl of sepals of a flower collectively forming the outer floral envelope or layer of the perianth enclosing and supporting the developing bud; usually green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) either of the two parts of a bilabiate corolla or calyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistent enlarged calyx at base of e.g. a strawberry or raspberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epicalyx", + "false calyx", + "calycle", + "calyculus" + ], + "it": [ + "calicetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of bracts simulating a calyx as in a carnation or hibiscus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perianth", + "chlamys", + "floral envelope", + "perigone", + "perigonium" + ], + "it": [ + "perianzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collective term for the outer parts of a flower consisting of the calyx and corolla and enclosing the stamens and pistils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pappus" + ], + "it": [ + "pappo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calyx composed of scales or bristles or featherlike hairs in plants of the Compositae such as thistles and dandelions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thistledown" + ], + "it": [ + "pappo del cardo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pappus of a thistle consisting of silky featherlike hairs attached to the seed-like fruit of a thistle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranales", + "order Ranales", + "Ranunculales", + "order Ranunculales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs, shrubs and trees: includes families Ranunculaceae; Annonaceae; Berberidaceae; Magnoliaceae; Menispermaceae; Myristicaceae; Nymphaeaceae; Lardizabalaceae; Lauraceae; Calycanthaceae; Ceratophyllaceae; Cercidiphyllaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annonaceae", + "family Annonaceae", + "custard-apple family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Annona", + "genus Annona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Annonaceae; tropical American trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custard apple", + "custard apple tree" + ], + "it": [ + "anona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American trees bearing fruit with soft edible pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cherimoya", + "cherimoya tree", + "Annona cherimola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American tree bearing round or oblong fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilama", + "ilama tree", + "Annona diversifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree grown in southern United States having a whitish pink-tinged fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soursop", + "prickly custard apple", + "soursop tree", + "Annona muricata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American tree bearing large succulent slightly acid fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullock's heart", + "bullock's heart tree", + "bullock heart", + "Annona reticulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tropical American tree bearing a bristly heart-shaped acid tropical fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweetsop", + "sweetsop tree", + "Annona squamosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree bearing sweet pulpy fruit with thick scaly rind and shiny black seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pond apple", + "pond-apple tree", + "Annona glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen tree of tropical America with edible fruit; used chiefly as grafting stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asimina", + "genus Asimina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pawpaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawpaw", + "papaw", + "papaw tree", + "Asimina triloba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree native to the eastern United States having oblong leaves and fleshy fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cananga", + "genus Cananga", + "Canangium", + "genus Canangium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Malayan tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilang-ilang", + "ylang-ylang", + "Cananga odorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Asian tree with aromatic greenish-yellow flowers yielding a volatile oil; widely grown in the tropics as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ilang-ilang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil distilled from flowers of the ilang-ilang tree; used in perfumery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oxandra", + "genus Oxandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancewood", + "lancewood tree", + "Oxandra lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of most of the lancewood of commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lancewood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "durable straight-grained wood of the lacewood tree; used for building and cabinetwork and tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xylopia", + "genus Xylopia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical evergreen trees or shrubs; chiefly African" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Guinea pepper", + "negro pepper", + "Xylopia aethiopica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical west African evergreen tree bearing pungent aromatic seeds used as a condiment and in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berberidaceae", + "family Berberidaceae", + "barberry family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berberis", + "genus Berberis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of shrubs of temperate zones of New and Old Worlds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Berberis having prickly stems and yellow flowers followed by small red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American barberry", + "Berberis canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern North America whose leaves turn scarlet in autumn and having racemes of yellow flowers followed by ellipsoid glossy red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common barberry", + "European barberry", + "Berberis vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Berberis vulgaris", + "crespino comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upright deciduous European shrub widely naturalized in United States having clusters of juicy berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese barberry", + "Berberis thunbergii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compact deciduous shrub having persistent red berries; widespread in cultivation especially for hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caulophyllum", + "genus Caulophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue cohosh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue cohosh", + "blueberry root", + "papooseroot", + "papoose root", + "squawroot", + "squaw root", + "Caulophyllum thalictrioides", + "Caulophyllum thalictroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall herb of eastern North America and Asia having blue berrylike fruit and a thick knotty rootstock formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epimedium", + "genus Epimedium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous perennials of Mediterranean to India and eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrenwort", + "bishop's hat", + "Epimedium grandiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mahonia", + "genus Mahonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs and small trees of North and Central America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon grape", + "Oregon holly grape", + "hollygrape", + "mountain grape", + "holly-leaves barberry", + "Mahonia aquifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental evergreen shrub of Pacific coast of North America having dark green pinnate leaves and racemes of yellow flowers followed by blue-black berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Oregon grape", + "Mahonia nervosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrub with grey-green leaves and yellow flowers followed by glaucous blue berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Podophyllum", + "genus Podophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial rhizomatous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayapple", + "May apple", + "wild mandrake", + "Podophyllum peltatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "May apple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible but insipid fruit of the May apple plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calycanthaceae", + "family Calycanthaceae", + "calycanthus family", + "strawberry-shrub family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or small trees having aromatic bark; the eastern United States and eastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calycanthus", + "genus Calycanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a magnoliid dicot genus of the family Calycanthaceae including: allspice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allspice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs having aromatic bark; eastern China; southwestern and eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina allspice", + "strawberry shrub", + "strawberry bush", + "sweet shrub", + "Calycanthus floridus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy shrub of southeastern United States having clove-scented wood and fragrant red-brown flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spicebush", + "California allspice", + "Calycanthus occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straggling aromatic shrub of southwestern United States having fragrant brown flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chimonanthus", + "genus Chimonanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Asian deciduous or evergreen shrubs having fragrant flowers: winter sweet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japan allspice", + "Japanese allspice", + "winter sweet", + "Chimonanthus praecox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous Japanese shrub cultivated for its fragrant yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratophyllaceae", + "family Ceratophyllaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Ceratophyllum: hornworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ceratophyllum", + "genus Ceratophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituting the family Ceratophyllaceae: hornworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hornwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any aquatic plant of the genus Ceratophyllum; forms submerged masses in ponds and slow-flowing streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercidiphyllaceae", + "family Cercidiphyllaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cercidiphyllum", + "genus Cercidiphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: katsura tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "katsura tree", + "Cercidiphyllum japonicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapidly growing deciduous tree of low mountainsides of China and Japan; grown as an ornamental for its dark blue-green candy-scented foliage that becomes yellow to scarlet in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lardizabalaceae", + "family Lardizabalaceae", + "lardizabala family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick-stemmed lianas and some shrubs; some have edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lardizabala", + "genus Lardizabala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen monoecious climbers of South America having dark mauve-blue edible berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lauraceae", + "family Lauraceae", + "laurel family" + ], + "it": [ + "lauracee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Lauraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurel" + ], + "it": [ + "alloro", + "lauro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aromatic trees of the laurel family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laurus", + "genus Laurus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small evergreen trees or shrubs with aromatic leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true laurel", + "bay", + "bay laurel", + "bay tree", + "Laurus nobilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Laurus nobilis", + "alloro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Mediterranean evergreen tree with small blackish berries and glossy aromatic leaves used for flavoring in cooking; also used by ancient Greeks to crown victors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cinnamomum", + "genus Cinnamomum" + ], + "it": [ + "cinnamomo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic and Australian aromatic trees and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphor tree", + "Cinnamomum camphora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen tree of warm regions whose aromatic wood yields camphor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon", + "Ceylon cinnamon", + "Ceylon cinnamon tree", + "Cinnamomum zeylanicum" + ], + "it": [ + "cannella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asian tree with aromatic yellowish-brown bark; source of the spice cinnamon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon", + "cinnamon bark" + ], + "it": [ + "cannella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bark used as a spice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassia", + "cassia-bark tree", + "Cinnamomum cassia" + ], + "it": [ + "cassia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese tree with aromatic bark; yields a less desirable cinnamon than Ceylon cinnamon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cassia bark", + "Chinese cinnamon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bark of the cassia-bark tree; less desirable as a spice than Ceylon cinnamon bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saigon cinnamon", + "Cinnamomum loureirii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical southeast Asian tree with aromatic bark; yields a bark used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinnamon bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic bark of Saigon cinnamon used medicinally as a carminative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lindera", + "genus Lindera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic evergreen or deciduous dioecious shrubs or trees of eastern Asia and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Benzoin", + "genus Benzoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the American spicebush and certain other plants often included in the genus Lindera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spicebush", + "spice bush", + "American spicebush", + "Benjamin bush", + "Lindera benzoin", + "Benzoin odoriferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of the eastern United States having highly aromatic leaves and bark and yellow flowers followed by scarlet or yellow berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Persea", + "genus Persea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avocado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avocado", + "avocado tree", + "Persea Americana" + ], + "it": [ + "avocado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tree bearing large pulpy green fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laurel-tree", + "red bay", + "Persea borbonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of southern United States having dark red heartwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sassafras" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of sassafras" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sassafras", + "sassafras tree", + "Sassafras albidum" + ], + "it": [ + "sassafrasso", + "sassofrasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellowwood tree with brittle wood and aromatic leaves and bark; source of sassafras oil; widely distributed in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sassafras oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil from root bark of sassafras trees; used in perfumery and as a disinfectant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Umbellularia", + "genus Umbellularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic evergreen trees of Pacific coast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California laurel", + "California bay tree", + "Oregon myrtle", + "pepperwood", + "spice tree", + "sassafras laurel", + "California olive", + "mountain laurel", + "Umbellularia californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Pacific coast tree having aromatic foliage and small umbellate flowers followed by olivelike fruit; yields a hard tough wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Magnoliaceae", + "family Magnoliaceae", + "magnolia family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subclass Magnoliidae: genera Liriodendron, Magnolia, and Manglietia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illicium", + "genus Illicium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anise trees: evergreen trees with aromatic leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anise tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several evergreen shrubs and small trees of the genus Illicium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple anise", + "Illicium floridanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree with purple flowers; found in wet soils of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star anise", + "Illicium anisatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small shrubby tree of Japan and Taiwan; flowers are not fragrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star anise", + "Chinese anise", + "Illicium verum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tree of China and Vietnam bearing anise-scented star-shaped fruit used in food and medicinally as a carminative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Magnolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs or trees of North America or Asia having entire evergreen or deciduous leaves; among most ancient of angiosperm genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnolia" + ], + "it": [ + "magnolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or tree of the genus Magnolia; valued for their longevity and exquisite fragrant blooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dried bark of various magnolias; used in folk medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern magnolia", + "evergreen magnolia", + "large-flowering magnolia", + "bull bay", + "Magnolia grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of southern United States having large stiff glossy leaves and huge white sweet-smelling flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella tree", + "umbrella magnolia", + "elkwood", + "elk-wood", + "Magnolia tripetala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous tree of eastern North America having creamy white flowers and large leaves in formations like umbrellas at the ends of branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earleaved umbrella tree", + "Magnolia fraseri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small erect deciduous tree with large leaves in coiled formations at branch tips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cucumber tree", + "Magnolia acuminata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American deciduous magnolia having large leaves and fruit like a small cucumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large-leaved magnolia", + "large-leaved cucumber tree", + "great-leaved macrophylla", + "Magnolia macrophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous shrub or tree of southeastern United States having huge leaves in dense false whorls and large creamy flowers tinged purple toward the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saucer magnolia", + "Chinese magnolia", + "Magnolia soulangiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large deciduous shrub or small tree having large open rosy to purplish flowers; native to Asia; prized as an ornamental in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star magnolia", + "Magnolia stellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubby magnolia from Japan having fragrant white starlike flowers blooming before leaves unfold; grown as an ornamental in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet bay", + "swamp bay", + "swamp laurel", + "Magnolia virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree having rather small fragrant white flowers; abundant in southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manglietia", + "genus Manglietia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of flowering tree of the family Magnoliaceae found from Malay to southern China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Liriodendron", + "genus Liriodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tulip trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulip tree", + "tulip poplar", + "yellow poplar", + "canary whitewood", + "Liriodendron tulipifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall North American deciduous timber tree having large tulip-shaped greenish yellow flowers and conelike fruit; yields soft white woods used especially for cabinet work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tulipwood", + "true tulipwood", + "whitewood", + "white poplar", + "yellow poplar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "light easily worked wood of a tulip tree; used for furniture and veneer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menispermaceae", + "family Menispermaceae", + "moonseed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbaceous or woody climbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Menispermum", + "genus Menispermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of the family Menispermaceae having red or black fruit with crescent- or ring-shaped seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common moonseed", + "Canada moonseed", + "yellow parilla", + "Menispermum canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a woody vine of eastern North America having large oval leaves and small white flowers and purple to blue-black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cocculus", + "genus Cocculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing plants or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina moonseed", + "Cocculus carolinus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vine of southeastern United States resembling the common moonseed but having red fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myristicaceae", + "family Myristicaceae", + "nutmeg family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of aromatic tropical trees with arillate seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myristica", + "genus Myristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Myristicaceae; tropical Asian evergreen trees with small white or yellow flowers followed by fleshy fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutmeg", + "nutmeg tree", + "Myristica fragrans" + ], + "it": [ + "miristica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree widely cultivated in the tropics for its aromatic seed; source of two spices: nutmeg and mace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nymphaeaceae", + "family Nymphaeaceae", + "water-lily family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dicot aquatic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water lily" + ], + "it": [ + "ninfea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nymphaea", + "genus Nymphaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the type genus of the family Nymphaeaceae; any of a variety of water lilies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water nymph", + "fragrant water lily", + "pond lily", + "Nymphaea odorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water lily having large leaves and showy fragrant flowers that float on the water; of temperate and tropical regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European white lily", + "Nymphaea alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Nymphaea alba", + "ninfea comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water lily with white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotus", + "white lotus", + "Egyptian water lily", + "white lily", + "Nymphaea lotus" + ], + "it": [ + "loto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white Egyptian lotus: water lily of Egypt to southeastern Africa; held sacred by the Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue lotus", + "Nymphaea caerulea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue Egyptian lotus: held sacred by the Egyptians" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue lotus", + "Nymphaea stellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blue lotus of India and southeastern Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nuphar", + "genus Nuphar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spatterdocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatterdock", + "cow lily", + "yellow pond lily", + "Nuphar advena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common water lily of eastern and central North America, having broad leaves and globe-shaped yellow flowers; in sluggish fresh or slightly brackish water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern spatterdock", + "Nuphar sagittifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of flowing waters of the southeastern United States; may form obstructive mats in streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow water lily", + "Nuphar lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a water lily with yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nelumbonaceae", + "subfamily Nelumbonaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered an independent family of water lilies; comprises the single genus Nelumbo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nelumbo", + "genus Nelumbo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sometimes placed in the family Nymphaeaceae: lotuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lotus", + "Indian lotus", + "sacred lotus", + "Nelumbo nucifera" + ], + "it": [ + "loto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to eastern Asia; widely cultivated for its large pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water chinquapin", + "American lotus", + "yanquapin", + "Nelumbo lutea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water lily of eastern North America having pale yellow blossoms and edible globular nutlike seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabombaceae", + "subfamily Cabombaceae", + "water-shield family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered an independent family of water lilies; comprises the genera Cabomba and Brasenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cabomba", + "genus Cabomba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternatively, a member of the family Nymphaeaceae; a small genus of American aquatic plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-shield", + "fanwort", + "Cabomba caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common aquatic plant of eastern North America having floating and submerged leaves and white yellow-spotted flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brasenia", + "genus Brasenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternatively, a member of the family Nymphaeaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-shield", + "Brasenia schreberi", + "water-target" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic plant with floating oval leaves and purple flowers; in lakes and slow-moving streams; suitable for aquariums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paeoniaceae", + "family Paeoniaceae", + "peony family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial rhizomatous herbs and shrubs; of temperate Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paeonia", + "genus Paeonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peonies: herbaceous or shrubby plants having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peony", + "paeony" + ], + "it": [ + "peonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants widely cultivated for their showy single or double red or pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranunculaceae", + "family Ranunculaceae", + "buttercup family", + "crowfoot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of Ranunculaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ranunculus", + "genus Ranunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual, biennial or perennial herbs: buttercup; crowfoot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttercup", + "butterflower", + "butter-flower", + "crowfoot", + "goldcup", + "kingcup" + ], + "it": [ + "botton d'oro", + "ranuncolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow buttercup", + "tall buttercup", + "tall crowfoot", + "tall field buttercup", + "Ranunculus acris" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus acris", + "ranuncolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water crowfoot", + "water buttercup", + "Ranunculus aquatilis" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus aquatilis", + "ranuncolo acquatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of ponds and slow streams having submerged and floating leaves and white flowers; Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common buttercup", + "Ranunculus bulbosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus bulbosus", + "ranuncolo bulboso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser celandine", + "pilewort", + "Ranunculus ficaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus ficaria", + "ranuncolo favagello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb native to Europe but naturalized elsewhere having heart-shaped leaves and yellow flowers resembling buttercups; its tuberous roots have been used as a poultice to relieve piles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lesser spearwort", + "Ranunculus flammula" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus flammula", + "ranuncolo delle passere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semiaquatic Eurasian perennial crowfoot with leaves shaped like spears; naturalized in New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagebrush buttercup", + "Ranunculus glaberrimus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small early-flowering buttercup with shiny yellow flowers of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greater spearwort", + "Ranunculus lingua" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus lingua", + "ranuncolo delle canne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semiaquatic European crowfoot with leaves shaped like spears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain lily", + "Mount Cook lily", + "Ranunculus lyalii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western buttercup", + "Ranunculus occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creeping buttercup", + "creeping crowfoot", + "Ranunculus repens" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus repens", + "ranuncolo strisciante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial European herb with long creeping stolons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cursed crowfoot", + "celery-leaved buttercup", + "Ranunculus sceleratus" + ], + "it": [ + "Ranunculus sceleratus", + "ranuncolo di palude", + "ranuncolo tossico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb growing in marshy places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aconitum", + "genus Aconitum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of poisonous plants of temperate regions of northern hemisphere with a vaulted and enlarged petal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aconite" + ], + "it": [ + "aconito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various usually poisonous plants of the genus Aconitum having tuberous roots and palmately lobed leaves and blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monkshood", + "helmetflower", + "helmet flower", + "Aconitum napellus" + ], + "it": [ + "napello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous herb native to northern Europe having hooded blue-purple flowers; the dried leaves and roots yield aconite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolfsbane", + "wolfbane", + "wolf's bane", + "Aconitum lycoctonum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poisonous Eurasian perennial herb with broad rounded leaves and yellow flowers and fibrous rootstock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Actaea", + "genus Actaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baneberry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baneberry", + "cohosh", + "herb Christopher" + ], + "it": [ + "actea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Actaea having acrid poisonous berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baneberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a poisonous berry of a plant of the genus Actaea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red baneberry", + "redberry", + "red-berry", + "snakeberry", + "Actaea rubra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial herb with alternately compound leaves and racemes of small white flowers followed by bright red oval poisonous berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white baneberry", + "white cohosh", + "white bead", + "doll's eyes", + "Actaea alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb with white poisonous berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adonis", + "genus Adonis" + ], + "it": [ + "adonide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pheasant's-eye", + "Adonis annua" + ], + "it": [ + "Adonis annua", + "adonide annua" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb cultivated for its deep red flowers with dark centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anemone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs with tuberous roots and beautiful flowers; of north and south temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anemone", + "windflower" + ], + "it": [ + "anemone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any woodland plant of the genus Anemone grown for its beautiful flowers and whorls of dissected leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine anemone", + "mountain anemone", + "Anemone tetonensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silky-foliaged herb of the Rocky Mountains with bluish-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada anemone", + "Anemone Canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common summer-flowering woodland herb of Labrador to Colorado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thimbleweed", + "Anemone cylindrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common North American anemone with cylindrical fruit clusters resembling thimbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood anemone", + "Anemone nemorosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Anemone nemorosa", + "anemone bianca", + "anemone dei boschi", + "silvia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European anemone with solitary white flowers common in deciduous woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood anemone", + "snowdrop", + "Anemone quinquefolia" + ], + "it": [ + "anemone dei boschi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common anemone of eastern North America with solitary pink-tinged white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "longheaded thimbleweed", + "Anemone riparia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thimbleweed of northern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowdrop anemone", + "snowdrop windflower", + "Anemone sylvestris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb with solitary nodding fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia thimbleweed", + "Anemone virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thimbleweed of central and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anemonella", + "genus Anemonella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: rue anemone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rue anemone", + "Anemonella thalictroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woodland flower native to eastern North America having cup-shaped flowers reminiscent of anemone but more delicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aquilegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "columbine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "columbine", + "aquilegia", + "aquilege" + ], + "it": [ + "aquilegia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Aquilegia having irregular showy spurred flowers; north temperate regions especially mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meeting house", + "honeysuckle", + "Aquilegia canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "columbine of eastern North America having long-spurred red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue columbine", + "Aquilegia caerulea", + "Aquilegia scopulorum calcarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "columbine of the Rocky Mountains having long-spurred blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granny's bonnets", + "Aquilegia vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Aquilegia vulgaris", + "aquilegia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European columbine having variously colored (white or blue to purple or red) short-spurred flowers; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caltha", + "genus Caltha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Caltha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh marigold", + "kingcup", + "meadow bright", + "May blob", + "cowslip", + "water dragon", + "Caltha palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "Caltha palustris", + "calta palustre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swamp plant of Europe and North America having bright yellow flowers resembling buttercups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cimicifuga", + "genus Cimicifuga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs of north temperate regions: bugbane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugbane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Cimicifuga having flowers in long racemes or panicles reported to be distasteful to insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American bugbane", + "summer cohosh", + "Cimicifuga americana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bugbane of the eastern United States having erect racemes of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black cohosh", + "black snakeroot", + "rattle-top", + "Cimicifuga racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bugbane found from Maine and Ontario to Wisconsin and south to Georgia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetid bugbane", + "foetid bugbane", + "Cimicifuga foetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bugbane of Siberia and eastern Asia having ill-smelling green-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Clematis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of deciduous or evergreen woody vines or erect herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clematis" + ], + "it": [ + "clematide", + "vitalba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ornamental climbing plants of the genus Clematis usually having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine hyacinth", + "Clematis baldwinii", + "Viorna baldwinii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect clematis of Florida having pink to purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue jasmine", + "blue jessamine", + "curly clematis", + "marsh clematis", + "Clematis crispa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climber of southern United States having bluish-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipestem clematis", + "Clematis lasiantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clematis of California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curly-heads", + "Clematis ochreleuca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby clematis of the eastern United States having curly foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden clematis", + "Clematis tangutica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese clematis with serrate leaves and large yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet clematis", + "Clematis texensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vine of Texas having showy solitary nodding scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather flower", + "Clematis versicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vine of the southern United States having purple or blue flowers with leathery recurved sepals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather flower", + "vase-fine", + "vase vine", + "Clematis viorna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scandent subshrub of southeastern United States having large red-purple bell-shaped flowers with leathery recurved sepals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "virgin's bower", + "old man's beard", + "devil's darning needle", + "Clematis virginiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common climber of eastern North America that sprawls over other plants and bears numerous panicles of small creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traveler's joy", + "traveller's joy", + "old man's beard", + "Clematis vitalba" + ], + "it": [ + "Clematis vitalba", + "vitalba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous deciduous climber of Europe to Afghanistan and Lebanon having panicles of fragrant green-white flowers in summer and autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple clematis", + "purple virgin's bower", + "mountain clematis", + "Clematis verticillaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climber of northeastern North America having waxy purplish-blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coptis", + "genus Coptis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of low perennial herbs having yellow rhizomes and white or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldthread", + "golden thread", + "Coptis groenlandica", + "Coptis trifolia groenlandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Consolida", + "genus Consolida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants having flowers resembling the larkspur's but differing from larkspur's in the arrangement of petals; sometimes included in genus Delphinium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket larkspur", + "Consolida ambigua", + "Delphinium ajacis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated larkspur of southern Europe having unbranched spikelike racemes of blue or sometimes purplish or pinkish flowers; sometime placed in genus Delphinium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Delphinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of chiefly perennial erect branching herbs of north temperate regions some poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delphinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Delphinium having palmately divided leaves and showy spikes of variously colored spurred flowers; some contain extremely poisonous substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "larkspur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous cultivated plants of the genus Delphinium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eranthis", + "genus Eranthis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "winter aconite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter aconite", + "Eranthis hyemalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Eranthis hyemalis", + "pie' di gallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Helleborus", + "genus Helleborus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Helleborus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hellebore" + ], + "it": [ + "elleboro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the Eurasian genus Helleborus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinking hellebore", + "bear's foot", + "setterwort", + "Helleborus foetidus" + ], + "it": [ + "Helleborus foetidus", + "elleboro puzzolente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digitate-leaved hellebore with an offensive odor and irritant qualities when taken internally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas rose", + "winter rose", + "black hellebore", + "Helleborus niger" + ], + "it": [ + "Helleborus niger", + "elleboro bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European evergreen plant with white or purplish rose-like winter-blooming flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i98999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lenten rose", + "black hellebore", + "Helleborus orientalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slightly hairy perennial having deep green leathery leaves and flowers that are ultimately purplish-green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99000", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green hellebore", + "Helleborus viridis" + ], + "it": [ + "Helleborus viridis", + "elleboro verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous plant with large deep green pedate leaves and nodding saucer-shaped green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99001", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Hepatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs of north temperate regions; allied to genus Anemone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99002", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hepatica", + "liverleaf" + ], + "it": [ + "epatica", + "erba trinità" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99003", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydrastis", + "genus Hydrastis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs having rhizomes and palmate leaves and small solitary flowers; of northeastern United States and Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99004", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldenseal", + "golden seal", + "yellow root", + "turmeric root", + "Hydrastis Canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99005", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isopyrum", + "genus Isopyrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted perennial herbs of northern hemisphere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99006", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false rue anemone", + "false rue", + "Isopyrum biternatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99007", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Laccopetalum", + "genus Laccopetalum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: giant buttercup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99008", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant buttercup", + "Laccopetalum giganteum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99009", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nigella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect annual Eurasian herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99010", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nigella" + ], + "it": [ + "nigella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Nigella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99011", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love-in-a-mist", + "Nigella damascena" + ], + "it": [ + "Nigella damascena", + "damigella scapigliata", + "fanciullacce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European garden plant having finely cut leaves and white or pale blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99012", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fennel flower", + "Nigella hispanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nigella of Spain and southern France" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99013", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black caraway", + "nutmeg flower", + "Roman coriander", + "Nigella sativa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of the Mediterranean region having pungent seeds used like those of caraway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99014", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pulsatilla", + "genus Pulsatilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes a group of plants that in some classifications are included in the genus Anemone: pasqueflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99015", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasqueflower", + "pasque flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Pulsatilla; sometimes included in genus Anemone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99016", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American pasqueflower", + "Eastern pasque flower", + "wild crocus", + "lion's beard", + "prairie anemone", + "blue tulip", + "American pulsatilla", + "Pulsatilla patens", + "Anemone ludoviciana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "short hairy perennial with early spring blue-violet or lilac flowers; North America and Siberia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99017", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western pasqueflower", + "Pulsatilla occidentalis", + "Anemone occidentalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99018", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European pasqueflower", + "Pulsatilla vulgaris", + "Anemone pulsatilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European perennial having usually violet or white spring flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99019", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thalictrum", + "genus Thalictrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed genus of perennial herbs: meadow rue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99020", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meadow rue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbs of the genus Thalictrum; sometimes rhizomatous or tuberous perennials found in damp shady places and meadows or stream banks; have lacy foliage and clouds of small purple or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99021", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trautvetteria", + "genus Trautvetteria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial herbs: false bugbane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99022", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false bugbane", + "Trautvetteria carolinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99023", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trollius", + "genus Trollius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs of north temperate regions: globeflowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99024", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globeflower", + "globe flower" + ], + "it": [ + "aconito giallo", + "lupaia", + "luparia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99025", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Winteraceae", + "family Winteraceae", + "winter's bark family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small family of chiefly tropical shrubs and trees of genera Drimys and Pseudowintera; sometimes included in Magnoliaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99026", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Drimys", + "genus Drimys" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs and trees of southern hemisphere having aromatic foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99027", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter's bark", + "winter's bark tree", + "Drimys winteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American evergreen tree yielding winter's bark and a light soft wood similar to basswood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99028", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pseudowintera", + "genus Pseudowintera", + "Wintera", + "genus Wintera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrubs or small trees of Australia and New Zealand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99029", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper shrub", + "Pseudowintera colorata", + "Wintera colorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub or small tree whose foliage is conspicuously blotched with red and yellow and having small black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99030", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myricales", + "order Myricales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Myricaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99031", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myricaceae", + "family Myricaceae", + "wax-myrtle family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituting the order Myricales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99032", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrica", + "genus Myrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous aromatic shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99033", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet gale", + "Scotch gale", + "Myrica gale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bog shrub of north temperate zone having bitter-tasting fragrant leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99034", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax myrtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or small tree of the genus Myrica with aromatic foliage and small wax-coated berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99035", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay myrtle", + "puckerbush", + "Myrica cerifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen aromatic shrubby tree of southeastern United States having small hard berries thickly coated with white wax used for candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99036", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayberry", + "candleberry", + "swamp candleberry", + "waxberry", + "Myrica pensylvanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous aromatic shrub of eastern North America with grey-green wax-coated berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99037", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayberry wax", + "bayberry tallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a fragrant green wax obtained from the wax myrtle and used in making candles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99038", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Comptonia", + "genus Comptonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: sweet fern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99039", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet fern", + "Comptonia peregrina", + "Comptonia asplenifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrub of eastern North America with sweet scented fernlike leaves and tiny white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99040", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leitneriaceae", + "family Leitneriaceae", + "corkwood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the genus Leitneria; commonly isolated in a distinct order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99041", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leitneria", + "genus Leitneria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: corkwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99042", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corkwood", + "corkwood tree", + "Leitneria floridana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very small deciduous dioecious tree or shrub of damp habitats in southeastern United States having extremely light wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99043", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juncaceae", + "family Juncaceae", + "rush family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted herbs resembling grasses: rushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99044", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush" + ], + "it": [ + "giunco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasslike plants growing in wet places and having cylindrical often hollow stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99045", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Juncus", + "genus Juncus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Juncaceae; perennial tufted glabrous marsh plants of temperate regions: rushes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99046", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulrush", + "bullrush", + "common rush", + "soft rush", + "Juncus effusus" + ], + "it": [ + "Juncus effusus", + "giunco comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall rush with soft erect or arching stems found in Eurasia, Australia, New Zealand, and common in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99047", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jointed rush", + "Juncus articulatus" + ], + "it": [ + "Juncus articulatus", + "giunco nodoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rush of Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99048", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toad rush", + "Juncus bufonius" + ], + "it": [ + "Juncus bufonius", + "giunco annuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing annual rush of damp low-lying ground; nearly cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99049", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard rush", + "Juncus inflexus" + ], + "it": [ + "Juncus inflexus", + "giunco tenace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall rush of temperate regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99050", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt rush", + "Juncus leseurii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rush of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99051", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender rush", + "Juncus tenuis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted wiry rush of wide distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99052", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99053", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant genus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99054", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebrawood", + "zebrawood tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various trees or shrubs having mottled or striped wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99055", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zebrawood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsomely striped or mottled wood of the zebrawood tree; used especially for cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99056", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connaraceae", + "family Connaraceae", + "zebrawood family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly tropical climbing shrubs or small trees; closely related to Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99057", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connarus", + "genus Connarus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of tropical trees and shrubs; type genus of the Connaraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99058", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Connarus guianensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American and east African tree with strikingly marked hardwood used in cabinetwork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99059", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leguminosae", + "family Leguminosae", + "Fabaceae", + "family Fabaceae", + "legume family", + "pea family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs bearing bean pods; divided for convenience into the subfamilies Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99060", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legume", + "leguminous plant" + ], + "it": [ + "legume", + "leguminosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99061", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legume" + ], + "it": [ + "legume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the fruit or seed of any of various bean or pea plants consisting of a case that splits along both sides when ripe and having the seeds attach to one side of the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99062", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arachis", + "genus Arachis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of plants with pods that ripen underground (see peanut)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99063", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut", + "peanut vine", + "Arachis hypogaea" + ], + "it": [ + "arachide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99064", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peanut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underground pod of the peanut vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99065", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brya", + "genus Brya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of prickly shrubs and small trees of the Caribbean region; source of a durable hardwood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99066", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granadilla tree", + "granadillo", + "Brya ebenus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree yielding a fine grade of green ebony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99067", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocuswood", + "cocoswood", + "granadilla wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of the granadilla tree used for making musical instruments especially clarinets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99068", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centrolobium", + "genus Centrolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Centrolobium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99069", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arariba", + "Centrolobium robustum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian tree with handsomely marked wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99070", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Coumarouna", + "genus Coumarouna", + "Dipteryx", + "genus Dipteryx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees: tonka beans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99071", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonka bean", + "tonka bean tree", + "Coumarouna odorata", + "Dipteryx odorata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall tropical South American tree having pulpy egg-shaped pods of fragrant black almond-shaped seeds used for flavoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99072", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonka bean", + "coumara nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fragrant black nutlike seeds of the tonka bean tree; used in perfumes and medicines and as a substitute for vanilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99073", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hymenaea", + "genus Hymenaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American timber trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99074", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courbaril", + "Hymenaea courbaril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian locust tree having pinnate leaves and panicles of large white or purplish flowers; yields very hard tough wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99075", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "courbaril copal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resin from the courbaril tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99076", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Melilotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World herbs: the sweet clovers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99077", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melilotus", + "melilot", + "sweet clover" + ], + "it": [ + "vetturina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect annual or biennial plant grown extensively especially for hay and soil improvement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99078", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white sweet clover", + "white melilot", + "Melilotus alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Melilotus alba", + "meliloto bianco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial plant; valuable honey plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99079", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow sweet clover", + "Melilotus officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Melilotus officinalis", + "meliloto comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial yellow-flowered Eurasian plant having aromatic leaves used as carminative or flavoring agent; widely cultivated especially as green manure or cover crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99080", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swainsona", + "genus Swainsona" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of Australian herbs and subshrubs: darling peas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99081", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darling pea", + "poison bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "either of two Australian plants of the genus Swainsona that are poisonous to sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99082", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth darling pea", + "Swainsona galegifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or trailing perennial of eastern Australia having axillary racemes of blue to purple or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99083", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hairy darling pea", + "Swainsona greyana", + "Swainsona grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby perennial of southern Australia having downy or woolly stems and undersides of leaves and racemes of red to pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99084", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trifolium", + "genus Trifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any leguminous plant having leaves divided into three leaflets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99085", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clover", + "trefoil" + ], + "it": [ + "trifoglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Trifolium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99086", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alpine clover", + "Trifolium alpinum" + ], + "it": [ + "Trifolium alpinum", + "trifoglio alpino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99087", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop clover", + "shamrock", + "lesser yellow trefoil", + "Trifolium dubium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99088", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimson clover", + "Italian clover", + "Trifolium incarnatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Trifolium incarnatum", + "trifoglio incarnato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99089", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red clover", + "purple clover", + "Trifolium pratense" + ], + "it": [ + "Trifolium pratense", + "trifoglio pratense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99090", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo clover", + "Trifolium reflexum", + "Trifolium stoloniferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clover of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99091", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white clover", + "dutch clover", + "shamrock", + "Trifolium repens" + ], + "it": [ + "Trifolium repens", + "trifoglio bianco", + "trifoglio ladino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99092", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimosaceae", + "family Mimosaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of spiny woody plants (usually shrubs or small trees) whose leaves mimic animals in sensitivity to touch; commonly included in the family Leguminosae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99093", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mimosoideae", + "subfamily Mimosoideae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternative name used in some classification systems for the family Mimosaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99094", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mimosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of spiny woody shrubs or trees; named for their apparent imitation of animal sensitivity to light and heat and movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99095", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical shrubs or trees of the genus Mimosa having usually yellow flowers and compound leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99096", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitive plant", + "Mimosa sensitiva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "semi-climbing prickly evergreen shrub of tropical America having compound leaves sensitive to light and touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99097", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitive plant", + "touch-me-not", + "shame plant", + "live-and-die", + "humble plant", + "action plant", + "Mimosa pudica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate or semi-erect subshrub of tropical America, and Australia; heavily armed with recurved thorns and having sensitive soft grey-green leaflets that fold and droop at night or when touched or cooled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99098", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Acacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of shrubs and trees and some woody vines of Central and South America, Africa, Australia and Polynesia: wattle; mimosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99099", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acacia" + ], + "it": [ + "acacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Acacia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99100", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shittah", + "shittah tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "source of a wood mentioned frequently in the Bible; probably a species of genus Acacia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99101", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shittimwood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood of the shittah tree used to make the ark of the Hebrew Tabernacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99102", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various Australasian trees yielding slender poles suitable for wattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99103", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black wattle", + "Acacia auriculiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian tree that yields tanning materials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99104", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gidgee", + "stinking wattle", + "Acacia cambegei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrubby Australian acacia having extremely foul-smelling blossoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99105", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechu", + "Jerusalem thorn", + "Acacia catechu" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciù", + "casciù", + "catecù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian spiny tree having twice-pinnate leaves and yellow flowers followed by flat pods; source of black catechu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99106", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black catechu", + "catechu" + ], + "it": [ + "catecù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract of the heartwood of Acacia catechu used for dyeing and tanning and preserving fishnets and sails; formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99107", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver wattle", + "mimosa", + "Acacia dealbata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Australasian tree having white or silvery bark and young leaves and yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99108", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huisache", + "cassie", + "mimosa bush", + "sweet wattle", + "sweet acacia", + "scented wattle", + "flame tree", + "Acacia farnesiana" + ], + "it": [ + "gaggia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American thorny shrub or small tree; fragrant yellow flowers used in making perfumery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99109", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lightwood", + "Acacia melanoxylon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall Australian acacia yielding highly valued black timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99110", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden wattle", + "Acacia pycnantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby Australian tree having clusters of fragrant golden yellow flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99111", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fever tree", + "Acacia xanthophloea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "African tree supposed to mark healthful regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99112", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adenanthera", + "genus Adenanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of trees of tropical Asia and Pacific areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99113", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coralwood", + "coral-wood", + "red sandalwood", + "Barbados pride", + "peacock flower fence", + "Adenanthera pavonina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian tree with racemes of yellow-white flowers; cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99114", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Albizia", + "genus Albizzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of unarmed trees and shrubs of Old World tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99115", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "albizzia", + "albizia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous trees of the genus Albizia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99116", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silk tree", + "Albizia julibrissin", + "Albizzia julibrissin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attractive domed or flat-topped Asiatic tree having bipinnate leaves and flowers with long silky stamens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99117", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siris", + "siris tree", + "Albizia lebbeck", + "Albizzia lebbeck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large spreading Old World tree having large leaves and globose clusters of greenish-yellow flowers and long seed pods that clatter in the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99118", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain tree", + "saman", + "monkeypod", + "monkey pod", + "zaman", + "zamang", + "Albizia saman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large ornamental tropical American tree with bipinnate leaves and globose clusters of flowers with crimson stamens and seed pods that are eaten by cattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99119", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anadenanthera", + "genus Anadenanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "2 species of tropical American shrubs or trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99120", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anadenanthera colubrina", + "Piptadenia macrocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian shrub having twice-pinnate leaves and small spicate flowers followed by flat or irregularly torulose pods; sometimes placed in genus Piptadenia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99121", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calliandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of pinnate-leaved shrubs and small trees of tropical and subtropical North and South America and India and West Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99122", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calliandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs and small trees valued for their fine foliage and attractive spreading habit and clustered white to deep pink or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99123", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Enterolobium", + "genus Enterolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American timber trees closely allied to genus Albizia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99124", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conacaste", + "elephant's ear", + "Enterolobium cyclocarpa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical South American tree having a wide-spreading crown of bipinnate leaves and coiled ear-shaped fruits; grown for shade and ornament as well as valuable timber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99125", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Inga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99126", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any tree or shrub of the genus Inga having pinnate leaves and showy usually white flowers; cultivated as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99127", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice-cream bean", + "Inga edulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental evergreen tree with masses of white flowers; tropical and subtropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99128", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guama", + "Inga laurina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical tree of Central America and West Indies and Puerto Rico having spikes of white flowers; used as shade for coffee plantations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99129", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Leucaena", + "genus Leucaena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical evergreen trees or shrubs having pods like those of the acacia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99130", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead tree", + "white popinac", + "Leucaena glauca", + "Leucaena leucocephala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low scrubby tree of tropical and subtropical North America having white flowers tinged with yellow resembling mimosa and long flattened pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99131", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysiloma", + "genus Lysiloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American trees and shrubs with pinnate leaves and flat straight pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99132", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild tamarind", + "Lysiloma latisiliqua", + "Lysiloma bahamensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a tree of the West Indies and Florida and Mexico; resembles tamarind and has long flat pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99133", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabicu", + "Lysiloma sabicu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian tree yielding a hard dark brown wood resembling mahogany in texture and value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99134", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabicu", + "sabicu wood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the wood of the sabicu which resembles mahogany" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99135", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkia", + "genus Parkia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Old World trees: nitta trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99136", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitta tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World tropical trees of the genus Parkia having heads of red or yellow flowers followed by pods usually containing edible seeds and pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99137", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Parkia javanica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall evergreen rain forest tree with wide-spreading crown having yellow-white flowers; grown as an ornamental in parks and large gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99138", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Piptadenia", + "genus Piptadenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees and shrubs; often placed in other genera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99139", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pithecellobium", + "genus Pithecellobium", + "Pithecolobium", + "genus Pithecolobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical America and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99140", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manila tamarind", + "camachile", + "huamachil", + "wild tamarind", + "Pithecellobium dulce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common thorny tropical American tree having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle-shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99141", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's-claw", + "catclaw", + "black bead", + "Pithecellodium unguis-cati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect shrub with small if any spines having racemes of white to yellow flowers followed by curved pointed pods and black shiny seeds; West Indies and Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99142", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Prosopis", + "genus Prosopis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical or subtropical branching shrubs or trees: mesquite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99143", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesquite", + "mesquit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several small spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Prosopis having small flowers in axillary cylindrical spikes followed by large pods rich in sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99144", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey mesquite", + "Western honey mesquite", + "Prosopis glandulosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thorny deep-rooted drought-resistant shrub native to southwestern United States and Mexico bearing pods rich in sugar and important as livestock feed; tends to form extensive thickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99145", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algarroba", + "Prosopis juliflora", + "Prosopis juliiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mesquite of Gulf Coast and Caribbean Islands from Mexico to Venezuela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99146", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "algarroba", + "algarrobilla", + "algarobilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mesquite pod used in tanning and dyeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99147", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw bean", + "screwbean", + "tornillo", + "screwbean mesquite", + "Prosopis pubescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico having spirally twisted pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99148", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spirally twisted sweet pod of screwbean mesquite that is used for fodder or ground into meal for feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99149", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apocynaceae", + "family Apocynaceae", + "dogbane family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical trees or shrubs or herbs having milky juice and often showy flowers; many are sources of drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99150", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Apocynum", + "genus Apocynum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs with small pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99151", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogbane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several poisonous perennial plants of the genus Apocynum having acrid milky juice and bell-shaped white or pink flowers and a very bitter root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99152", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common dogbane", + "spreading dogbane", + "rheumatism weed", + "Apocynum androsaemifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial having pinkish flowers in loose cymes; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99153", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian hemp", + "rheumatism weed", + "Apocynum cannabinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Canadian dogbane yielding a tough fiber used as cordage by Native Americans; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99154", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain dogbane", + "Apocynum pumilum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American plant similar to common dogbane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99155", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acocanthera", + "genus Acocanthera", + "Acokanthera", + "genus Acokanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of trees and shrubs containing strongly toxic cardiac glycosides; Arabia to Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99156", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter sweet", + "poison arrow plant", + "Acocanthera oblongifolia", + "Acocanthera spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "medium-sized shrubby tree of South Africa having thick leathery evergreen leaves and white or pink flowers and globose usually two-seeded purplish black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99157", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushman's poison", + "ordeal tree", + "Acocanthera oppositifolia", + "Acocanthera venenata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub or tree of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99158", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adenium", + "genus Adenium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: succulent shrub or tree of tropical Africa and Arabia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99159", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impala lily", + "mock azalia", + "desert rose", + "kudu lily", + "Adenium obesum", + "Adenium multiflorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African shrub having a swollen succulent stem and bearing showy pink and white flowers after the leaves fall; popular as an ornamental in tropics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99160", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Allamanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99161", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allamanda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Allamanda having large showy funnel-shaped flowers in terminal cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99162", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common allamanda", + "golden trumpet", + "Allamanda cathartica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vigorous evergreen climbing plant of South America having glossy leathery foliage and golden yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99163", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alstonia", + "genus Alstonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of evergreen trees or shrubs with white funnel-shaped flowers and milky sap; tropical Africa to southeastern Asia and Polynesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99164", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dita", + "dita bark", + "devil tree", + "Alstonia scholaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tree of eastern Asia and Philippines having large leathery leaves and small green-white flowers in compact cymes; bark formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99165", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amsonia", + "genus Amsonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs and subshrubs with milky juice and showy bluish flowers; Europe to Asia Minor to Japan and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99166", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue star", + "Amsonia tabernaemontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subshrubs of southeastern United States forming slow-growing clumps and having blue flowers in short terminal cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99167", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beaumontia", + "genus Beaumontia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen woody vines in the East Indies and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99168", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nepal trumpet flower", + "Easter lily vine", + "Beaumontia grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen woody twiner with large glossy leaves and showy corymbs of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99169", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Carissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of tropical evergreen usually spiny shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99170", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carissa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub of the genus Carissa having fragrant white flowers and plumlike red to purple-black fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99171", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge thorn", + "natal plum", + "Carissa bispinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African shrub having forked spines and plumlike fruit; frequently used as hedging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99172", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "natal plum", + "amatungulu", + "Carissa macrocarpa", + "Carissa grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "very large closely branched South African shrub having forked bright green spines and shiny leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99173", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Catharanthus", + "genus Catharanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of erect annual or perennial herbs native to Madagascar; widely naturalized in the tropics; formerly included in genus Vinca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99174", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle", + "rose periwinkle", + "Madagascar periwinkle", + "old maid", + "Cape periwinkle", + "red periwinkle", + "cayenne jasmine", + "Catharanthus roseus", + "Vinca rosea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99175", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Holarrhena", + "genus Holarrhena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of deciduous trees and shrubs of tropical Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99176", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivory tree", + "conessi", + "kurchi", + "kurchee", + "Holarrhena pubescens", + "Holarrhena antidysenterica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asian tree with hard white wood and bark formerly used as a remedy for dysentery and diarrhea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99177", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mandevilla", + "genus Mandevilla", + "Dipladenia", + "genus Dipladenia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical South American tuberous perennial woody vines with large racemose flowers and milky sap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99178", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white dipladenia", + "Mandevilla boliviensis", + "Dipladenia boliviensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby climber having glossy leaves and white funnel-shaped flowers with yellow throats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99179", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chilean jasmine", + "Mandevilla laxa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "woody vine of Argentina grown as an ornamental for its glossy leaves and racemes of large fragrant funnel-shaped creamy-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99180", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nerium", + "genus Nerium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: oleander" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99181", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oleander", + "rose bay", + "Nerium oleander" + ], + "it": [ + "leandro", + "oleandro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an ornamental but poisonous flowering shrub having narrow evergreen leaves and clusters of fragrant white to pink or red flowers: native to East Indies but widely cultivated in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99182", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Plumeria", + "genus Plumeria", + "Plumiera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous shrubs and trees of tropical America having branches like candelabra and fragrant white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99183", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frangipani", + "frangipanni" + ], + "it": [ + "frangipani" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical American deciduous shrubs or trees of the genus Plumeria having milky sap and showy fragrant funnel-shaped variously colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99184", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pagoda tree", + "temple tree", + "Plumeria acutifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frangipani of India having an erect habit and conical form; grown in temple gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99185", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "West Indian jasmine", + "pagoda tree", + "Plumeria alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall sparingly branched conical tree having large fragrant yellow flowers with white centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99186", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Rauwolfia", + "genus Rauvolfia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical genus of somewhat poisonous shrubs and small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99187", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rauwolfia", + "rauvolfia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any shrub or small tree of the genus Rauwolfia having leaves in whorls and cymose flowers; yield substances used medicinally especially as emetics or purgatives or antihypertensives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99188", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snakewood", + "Rauwolfia serpentina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "East Indian climbing shrub with twisted limbs and roots resembling serpents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99189", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Strophanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical Asiatic and African shrubs and woody vines and small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99190", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strophanthus" + ], + "it": [ + "strofanto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Strophanthus having whorled leaves and showy flowers of various colors in dense and corymbose clusters; some have poisonous seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99191", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Strophanthus kombe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant that is a source of strophanthin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99192", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tabernaemontana", + "genus Tabernaemontana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with milky sap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99193", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crape jasmine", + "crepe jasmine", + "crepe gardenia", + "pinwheel flower", + "East Indian rosebay", + "Adam's apple", + "Nero's crown", + "coffee rose", + "Tabernaemontana divaricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical shrub having glossy foliage and fragrant nocturnal flowers with crimped or wavy corollas; northern India to Thailand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99194", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thevetia", + "genus Thevetia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of poisonous tropical American evergreen shrubs and trees having entire leaves and large cymose flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99195", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow oleander", + "Thevetia peruviana", + "Thevetia neriifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American shrub or small tree having glossy dark green leaves and fragrant saffron yellow to orange or peach- colored flowers; all parts highly poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99196", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trachelospermum", + "genus Trachelospermum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Asiatic woody vines with milky sap in leaves and stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99197", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star jasmine", + "confederate jasmine", + "Trachelospermum jasminoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen Chinese woody climber with shiny dark green leaves and intensely fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99198", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vinca", + "genus Vinca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "periwinkles: low creeping evergreen perennials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99199", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "periwinkle" + ], + "it": [ + "pervinca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly trailing poisonous plants with blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99200", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "myrtle", + "Vinca minor" + ], + "it": [ + "Vinca minor", + "pervinca minore", + "mirto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated as a groundcover for its dark green shiny leaves and usually blue-violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99201", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large periwinkle", + "Vinca major" + ], + "it": [ + "Vinca major", + "pervinca maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having variegated foliage and used for window boxes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99202", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arales", + "order Arales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Araceae; Lemnaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99203", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araceae", + "family Araceae", + "arum family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anthurium; calla lily; jack-in-the-pulpit; philodendron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99204", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arum", + "aroid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99205", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Arum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Araceae: tuberous perennial herbs of Europe and Asia with usually heart-shaped leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99206", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "starch resembling sago that is obtained from cuckoopint root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99207", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoopint", + "lords-and-ladies", + "jack-in-the-pulpit", + "Arum maculatum" + ], + "it": [ + "Arum maculatum", + "gigaro scuro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99208", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black calla", + "Arum palaestinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99209", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acorus", + "genus Acorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet flags; sometimes placed in subfamily Acoraceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99210", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acoraceae", + "subfamily Acoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in some classifications for the genus Acorus which is usually assigned to Araceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99211", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet flag", + "calamus", + "sweet calamus", + "myrtle flag", + "flagroot", + "Acorus calamus" + ], + "it": [ + "Acorus calamus", + "calamo", + "calamo aromatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial marsh plant having swordlike leaves and aromatic roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99212", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the aromatic root of the sweet flag used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99213", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calamus oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carcinogenic oil from calamus root used as a perfume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99214", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aglaonema", + "genus Aglaonema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climbing herbs of southeastern Asia having thick fleshy oblong leaves and naked unisexual flowers: Chinese evergreen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99215", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese evergreen", + "Japanese leaf", + "Aglaonema modestum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or partially climbing herb having large green or variegated leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99216", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Alocasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical Asiatic herbs similar to Colocasia but distinguished by a large sterile spadix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99217", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alocasia", + "elephant's ear", + "elephant ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99218", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giant taro", + "Alocasia macrorrhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large evergreen with extremely large erect or spreading leaves; cultivated widely in tropics for its edible rhizome and shoots; used in wet warm regions as a stately ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99219", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Amorphophallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of large tropical east Asian cormous aroids: devil's tongue; snake palm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99220", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amorphophallus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Amorphophallus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99221", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pungapung", + "telingo potato", + "elephant yam", + "Amorphophallus paeonifolius", + "Amorphophallus campanulatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99222", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil's tongue", + "snake palm", + "umbrella arum", + "Amorphophallus rivieri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99223", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "krubi", + "titan arum", + "Amorphophallus titanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99224", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Anthurium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of often epiphytic evergreen tropical American plants often cultivated as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99225", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthurium", + "tailflower", + "tail-flower" + ], + "it": [ + "anturio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical American plants cultivated for their showy foliage and flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99226", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flamingo flower", + "flamingo plant", + "Anthurium andraeanum", + "Anthurium scherzerianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated anthurium having bright scarlet spathe and spadix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99227", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arisaema", + "genus Arisaema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberous or rhizomatous herbaceous perennials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99228", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack-in-the-pulpit", + "Indian turnip", + "wake-robin", + "Arisaema triphyllum", + "Arisaema atrorubens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99229", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green dragon", + "Arisaema dracontium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99230", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arisarum", + "genus Arisarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberous or rhizomatous perennial herbs; mainly Mediterranean area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99231", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "friar's-cowl", + "Arisarum vulgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99232", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Caladium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical South American tuberous perennials with large variously colored leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99233", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caladium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99234", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caladium bicolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "most popular caladium; cultivated in many varieties since the late 19th century" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99235", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calla", + "genus Calla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water arum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99236", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild calla", + "water arum", + "Calla palustris" + ], + "it": [ + "calla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of wetlands and bogs of temperate regions having small greenish flowers partly enclosed in a white spathe and red berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99237", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Colocasia", + "genus Colocasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of perennial tuberous herbs of tropical Asia: taro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99238", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taro", + "taro plant", + "dalo", + "dasheen", + "Colocasia esculenta" + ], + "it": [ + "colocasia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99239", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taro", + "cocoyam", + "dasheen", + "eddo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible starchy tuberous root of taro plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99240", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cryptocoryne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water trumpet; aquatic herbs having broad leaves and long slender spathes; often used as aquarium plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99241", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cryptocoryne", + "water trumpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Cryptocoryne; evergreen perennials growing in fresh or brackish water; tropical Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99242", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dieffenbachia", + "genus Dieffenbachia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen perennial herbs of tropical America with lush foliage and poisonous sap; often cultivated as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99243", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dumb cane", + "mother-in-law plant", + "mother-in-law's tongue", + "Dieffenbachia sequine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99244", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Dracontium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American cormous herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99245", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dracontium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99246", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dracunculus", + "genus Dracunculus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuberous herbaceous perennials: dragon arum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99247", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragon arum", + "green dragon", + "Dracunculus vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Dracunculus vulgaris", + "dragontea", + "erba serpentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European arum resembling the cuckoopint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99248", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Epipremnum", + "genus Epipremnum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of evergreen lianas of southeastern Asia to western Pacific areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99249", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden pothos", + "pothos", + "ivy arum", + "Epipremnum aureum", + "Scindapsus aureus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen liana widely cultivated for its variegated foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99250", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lysichiton", + "genus Lysichiton", + "Lysichitum", + "genus Lysichitum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skunk cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99251", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skunk cabbage", + "Lysichiton americanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clump-forming deciduous perennial swamp plant of western North America similar to Symplocarpus foetidus but having a yellow spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99252", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Monstera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American climbing plant with deeply incised leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99253", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monstera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Monstera; often grown as houseplants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99254", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ceriman", + "Monstera deliciosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American vine having roots that hang like cords and cylindrical fruit with a pineapple and banana flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99255", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Nephthytis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical western African creeping or twining herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99256", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nephthytis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Nephthytis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99257", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nephthytis afzelii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical rhizomatous plant cultivated as an ornamental for its large sagittate leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99258", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Orontium", + "genus Orontium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species of aquatic plant: golden club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99259", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden club", + "Orontium aquaticum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic plant of the southeastern United States having blue-green leaves and a spadix resembling a club covered with tiny yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99260", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Peltandra", + "genus Peltandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American marsh or aquatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99261", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow arum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an aquatic plant of the genus Peltandra; North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99262", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green arrow arum", + "tuckahoe", + "Peltandra virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of the eastern United States having arrowhead-shaped leaves and an elongate pointed spathe and green berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99263", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Philodendron" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several tropical American climbing plants with smooth shiny evergreen leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99264", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philodendron" + ], + "it": [ + "filodendro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "often grown as a houseplant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99265", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Pistia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: water lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99266", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistia", + "water lettuce", + "water cabbage", + "Pistia stratiotes", + "Pistia stratoites" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pantropical floating plant forming a rosette of wedge-shaped leaves; a widespread weed in rivers and lakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99267", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scindapsus", + "genus Scindapsus", + "genus Pothos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen climbers with adhesive adventitious roots; southeastern Asia and Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99268", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pothos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various tropical lianas of the genus Scindapsus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99269", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Spathiphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen rhizomatous perennials of tropical America and Philippines and Indonesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99270", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spathiphyllum", + "peace lily", + "spathe flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Spathiphyllum having a white or green spathe and a spike of fragrant flowers and often cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99271", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Symplocarpus", + "genus Symplocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: skunk cabbage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99272", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skunk cabbage", + "polecat weed", + "foetid pothos", + "Symplocarpus foetidus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous perennial low-growing fetid swamp plant of eastern North America having minute flowers enclosed in a mottled greenish or purple cowl-shaped spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99273", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Syngonium", + "genus Syngonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic or terrestrial climbing shrubs of Central and South America; used as ornamental houseplants for their velvety foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99274", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Xanthosoma", + "genus Xanthosoma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American tuberous perennials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99275", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yautia", + "tannia", + "spoonflower", + "malanga", + "Xanthosoma sagittifolium", + "Xanthosoma atrovirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99276", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zantedeschia", + "genus Zantedeschia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calla lily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99277", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calla lily", + "calla", + "arum lily", + "Zantedeschia aethiopica" + ], + "it": [ + "calla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African plant widely cultivated for its showy pure white spathe and yellow spadix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99278", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink calla", + "Zantedeschia rehmanii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calla having a rose-colored spathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99279", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden calla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several callas of the genus Zantedeschia having yellow spathes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99280", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemnaceae", + "family Lemnaceae", + "duckweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of small free-floating thalloid plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99281", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duckweed" + ], + "it": [ + "lemna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any small or minute aquatic plant of the family Lemnaceae that float on or near the surface of shallow ponds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99282", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemna", + "genus Lemna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute aquatic herbs floating on or below the water surface of still water consisting of a leaflike frond or plant body and single root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99283", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common duckweed", + "lesser duckweed", + "Lemna minor" + ], + "it": [ + "Lemna minor", + "lenticchia-d'acqua comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of temperate regions except eastern Asia and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99284", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star-duckweed", + "Lemna trisulca" + ], + "it": [ + "Lemna trisulca", + "lenticchia-d'acqua spatolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan in temperate regions except North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99285", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spirodela", + "genus Spirodela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute aquatic herbs floating on the water surface consisting of a shiny leaflike frond and 2-21 roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99286", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great duckweed", + "water flaxseed", + "Spirodela polyrrhiza" + ], + "it": [ + "Spirodela polyrrhiza", + "lenticchia-d'acqua maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan except South America and New Zealand and some oceanic islands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99287", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolffia", + "genus Wolffia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute rootless aquatic herbs having globular fronds floating on or near the water surface and bearing one flower per frond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99288", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watermeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various aquatic plants of the genus Wolffia; throughout warmer regions of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99289", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wolffia", + "Wolffia columbiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smallest flowering plants known; of the Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99290", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Wolffiella", + "genus Wolffiella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minute rootless aquatic herbs having flat fronds floating on or below the water surface and bearing 1-2 flowers per frond; America and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99291", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud midget", + "bogmat", + "Wolffiella gladiata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "having narrow flat sickle-shaped submerged fronds; North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99292", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Araliaceae", + "family Araliaceae", + "ivy family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly tropical trees and shrubs and lianas: genera Panax and Hedera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99293", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aralia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Araliaceae; large widely distributed genus of shrubs and trees and vines: spikenard; Hercules'-club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99294", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aralia" + ], + "it": [ + "aralia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Aralia; often aromatic plants having compound leaves and small umbellate flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99295", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American angelica tree", + "devil's walking stick", + "Hercules'-club", + "Aralia spinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small deciduous clump-forming tree or shrub of eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99296", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild sarsaparilla", + "false sarsaparilla", + "wild sarsparilla", + "Aralia nudicaulis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial herb having aromatic roots used as a substitute for sarsaparilla; central and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99297", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American spikenard", + "petty morel", + "life-of-man", + "Aralia racemosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unarmed woody rhizomatous perennial plant distinguished from wild sarsaparilla by more aromatic roots and panicled umbels; southeastern North America to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99298", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristly sarsaparilla", + "bristly sarsparilla", + "dwarf elder", + "Aralia hispida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bristly herb of eastern and central North America having black fruit and medicinal bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99299", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese angelica tree", + "Aralia elata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous clump-forming Asian shrub or small tree; adventive in the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99300", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese angelica", + "Chinese angelica tree", + "Aralia stipulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to American angelica tree but less prickly; China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99301", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hedera", + "genus Hedera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99302", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ivy", + "common ivy", + "English ivy", + "Hedera helix" + ], + "it": [ + "edera", + "ellera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99303", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meryta", + "genus Meryta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small to medium evergreen dioecious trees of oceanic climates: puka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99304", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puka", + "Meryta sinclairii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small roundheaded New Zealand tree having large resinous leaves and panicles of green-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99305", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Panax", + "genus Panax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herbs of eastern North America and Asia having aromatic tuberous roots: ginseng" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99306", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginseng", + "nin-sin", + "Panax ginseng", + "Panax schinseng", + "Panax pseudoginseng" + ], + "it": [ + "ginseng" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99307", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American ginseng", + "sang", + "Panax quinquefolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99308", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginseng" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic root of ginseng plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99309", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schefflera", + "genus Schefflera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of shrubby and climbing tropical plants having showy digitately compound foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99310", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrella tree", + "Schefflera actinophylla", + "Brassaia actinophylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect evergreen shrub or small tree of Australia and northern New Guinea having palmately compound leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99311", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristolochiales", + "order Aristolochiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order of plants distinguished by tubular petaloid perianth and inferior ovary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99312", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristolochiaceae", + "family Aristolochiaceae", + "birthwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of birthworts (including wild ginger)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99313", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aristolochia", + "genus Aristolochia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birthworts; Dutchman's-pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99314", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birthwort", + "Aristolochia clematitis" + ], + "it": [ + "serpentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creeping plant having curving flowers thought to resemble fetuses; native to Europe; naturalized Great Britain and eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99315", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutchman's-pipe", + "pipe vine", + "Aristolochia macrophylla", + "Aristolochia durior" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hardy deciduous vine having large leaves and flowers with the calyx tube curved like the bowl of a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99316", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia snakeroot", + "Virginia serpentaria", + "Virginia serpentary", + "Aristolochia serpentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birthwort of the eastern United States woodlands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99317", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asarum", + "genus Asarum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ginger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99318", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild ginger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99319", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Canada ginger", + "black snakeroot", + "Asarum canadense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99320", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartleaf", + "heart-leaf", + "Asarum virginicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-grey heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99321", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartleaf", + "heart-leaf", + "Asarum shuttleworthii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99322", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asarabacca", + "Asarum europaeum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99323", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rafflesiaceae", + "family Rafflesiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of parasitic plants of the order Aristolochiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99324", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hydnoraceae", + "family Hydnoraceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of flowering plants in Africa and Argentina that are parasitic on the roots of other plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99325", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryophyllidae", + "subclass Caryophyllidae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of families of mostly flowers having basal or central placentation and trinucleate pollen (binucleate pollen is commoner in flowering plants); contains 14 families including: Caryophyllaceae (carnations and pinks); Aizoaceae; Amaranthaceae; Batidaceae; Chenopodiaceae; Cactaceae (order Opuntiales); Nyctaginaceae; Phytolaccaceae; corresponds approximately to order Caryophyllales; sometimes classified as a superorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99326", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryophyllales", + "order Caryophyllales", + "Chenopodiales", + "order-Chenopodiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corresponds approximately to the older group Centrospermae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99327", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Centrospermae", + "group Centrospermae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classification systems; approximately synonymous with order Caryophyllales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99328", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Caryophyllaceae", + "family Caryophyllaceae", + "carnation family", + "pink family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large family of herbs or subshrubs (usually with stems swollen at the nodes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99329", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caryophyllaceous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99330", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agrostemma", + "genus Agrostemma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophylloid dicot genus including corn cockles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99331", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn cockle", + "corn campion", + "crown-of-the-field", + "Agrostemma githago" + ], + "it": [ + "Agrostemma githago", + "gittaione comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual having large trumpet-shaped reddish-purple flowers and poisonous seed; a common weed in grainfields and beside roadways; naturalized in America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99332", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arenaria", + "genus Arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sandworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99333", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwort" + ], + "it": [ + "arenaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing chiefly perennial plant usually with small white flowers suitable for e.g. rock gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99334", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain sandwort", + "mountain starwort", + "mountain daisy", + "Arenaria groenlandica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boreal or alpine sandwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99335", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine-barren sandwort", + "longroot", + "Arenaria caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deep-rooted perennial of southeastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99336", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seabeach sandwort", + "Arenaria peploides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial succulent herb with small solitary axillary or terminal flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99337", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock sandwort", + "Arenaria stricta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low perennial tufted plant of southeastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99338", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thyme-leaved sandwort", + "Arenaria serpyllifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Arenaria serpyllifolia", + "arenaria serpillifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian annual sprawling plant naturalized throughout North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99339", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cerastium", + "genus Cerastium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mouse-eared chickweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99340", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse-ear chickweed", + "mouse eared chickweed", + "mouse ear", + "clammy chickweed", + "chickweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants related to the common chickweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99341", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field chickweed", + "field mouse-ear", + "Cerastium arvense" + ], + "it": [ + "Cerastium arvense", + "peverina a foglie strette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99342", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow-in-summer", + "love-in-a-mist", + "Cerastium tomentosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chickweed with hairy silver-grey leaves and rather large white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99343", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alpine mouse-ear", + "Arctic mouse-ear", + "Cerastium alpinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread in the Arctic and on mountains in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99344", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dianthus", + "genus Dianthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carnations and pinks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99345", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink", + "garden pink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various flowers of plants of the genus Dianthus cultivated for their fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99346", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet William", + "Dianthus barbatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian pink widely cultivated for its flat-topped dense clusters of varicolored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99347", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnation", + "clove pink", + "gillyflower", + "Dianthus caryophyllus" + ], + "it": [ + "garofano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant with pink to purple-red spice-scented usually double flowers; widely cultivated in many varieties and many colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99348", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "china pink", + "rainbow pink", + "Dianthus chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese pink with deeply toothed rose-lilac flowers with a purplish eye; usually raised as an annual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99349", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Japanese pink", + "Dianthus chinensis heddewigii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a flowering variety of China pink distinguished by jagged-edged petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99350", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maiden pink", + "Dianthus deltoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Dianthus deltoides", + "garofano minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing loosely mat-forming Eurasian pink with a single pale pink flower with a crimson center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99351", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheddar pink", + "Diangus gratianopolitanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming perennial of central Europe with large fragrant pink or red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99352", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button pink", + "Dianthus latifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "much-branched pink with flowers in clusters; closely related to sweet William" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99353", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottage pink", + "grass pink", + "Dianthus plumarius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European pink cultivated for its very fragrant pink or rosy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99354", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringed pink", + "Dianthus supurbus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial pink having fragrant lilac or rose flowers with deeply fringed margins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99355", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Drypis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99356", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drypis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99357", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gypsophila", + "genus Gypsophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Mediterranean herbs having small white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99358", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby's breath", + "babies'-breath", + "Gypsophila paniculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall plant with small lance-shaped leaves and numerous tiny white or pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99359", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hernaria", + "genus Hernaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing Old World herbs with minute bright green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99360", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rupturewort", + "Hernaria glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common prostrate Old World herb often used as a ground cover; formerly reputed to cure ruptures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99361", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Illecebrum", + "genus Illecebrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: coral necklace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99362", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral necklace", + "Illecebrum verticullatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99363", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lychnis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of plants strongly resembling those of genus Silene: catchfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99364", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lychnis", + "catchfly" + ], + "it": [ + "licnide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly perennial herbs with sticky stems that catch insects; widespread in north temperate zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99365", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragged robin", + "cuckoo flower", + "Lychnis flos-cuculi", + "Lychins floscuculi" + ], + "it": [ + "Lychnis flos-cuculi", + "crotonella Fior di cuculo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial native to Europe and western Asia having usually pink flowers with ragged petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99366", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet lychnis", + "maltese cross", + "Lychins chalcedonica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian garden perennial having scarlet flowers in dense terminal heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99367", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mullein pink", + "rose campion", + "gardener's delight", + "dusty miller", + "Lychnis coronaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Lychnis coronaria", + "crotonella coronaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an old cottage garden plant of southeastern Europe widely cultivated for its attractive white woolly foliage and showy crimson flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99368", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Minuartia", + "genus Minuartia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly perennial herbs of northern hemisphere often with mat-forming habit; most often placed in genus Arenaria: sandworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99369", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Moehringia", + "genus Moehringia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing herbs widely distributed in temperate and Arctic northern hemisphere: sandworts; distinguished from members of the genus Arenaria mainly by having four-petaled rather than five-petaled flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99370", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwort", + "Moehringia lateriflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing herb having clusters of small white four-petaled flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99371", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwort", + "Moehringia mucosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosely matted plant with moss-like foliage studded with tiny starry four-petaled white blossoms; mountains of central and southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99372", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Paronychia", + "genus Paronychia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing annual or perennial herbs or woody plants; whitlowworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99373", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitlowwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various low-growing tufted plants of the genus Paronychia having tiny greenish flowers and usually whorled leaves; widespread throughout warm regions of both Old and New Worlds; formerly thought to cure whitlows (suppurative infections around a fingernail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99374", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Petrocoptis", + "genus Petrocoptis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial tussock-forming rock plants; of Pyrenees and mountains of northern Spain; similar to and sometimes placed in genus Lychnis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99375", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sagina", + "genus Sagina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small low-growing annual or perennial herbs of temperate and cool regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99376", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearlwort", + "pearlweed", + "pearl-weed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various low-growing plants of the genus Sagina having small spherical flowers resembling pearls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99377", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Saponaria", + "genus Saponaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly perennial Old World herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99378", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soapwort", + "hedge pink", + "bouncing Bet", + "bouncing Bess", + "Saponaria officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Saponaria officinalis", + "saponaia", + "saponaria", + "saponaria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of European origin having pink or white flowers and leaves yielding a detergent when bruised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99379", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Scleranthus", + "genus Scleranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Old World weedy prostrate annuals: knawel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99380", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knawel", + "knawe", + "Scleranthus annuus" + ], + "it": [ + "Scleranthus annuus", + "centograni annuo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed low-growing Eurasian herb having narrow leaves and inconspicuous green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99381", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Silene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed genus of plants having mostly showy flowers of various colors: campion; catchfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99382", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silene", + "campion", + "catchfly" + ], + "it": [ + "licnide", + "silene", + "strigolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Silene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99383", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moss campion", + "Silene acaulis" + ], + "it": [ + "Silene acaulis", + "silene a cuscinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tuft- or mat-forming dwarf perennial of Arctic regions of western and central Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99384", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild pink", + "Silene caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of eastern and central North America having short-stalked pink or white flowers in hairy clusters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99385", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red campion", + "red bird's eye", + "Silene dioica", + "Lychnis dioica" + ], + "it": [ + "Silene dioica", + "silene dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial European catchfly having red or pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99386", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white campion", + "evening lychnis", + "white cockle", + "bladder campion", + "Silene latifolia", + "Lychnis alba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bluish-green herb having sticky stems and clusters of large evening-opening white flowers with much-inflated calyx; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99387", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire pink", + "Silene virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb of eastern North America, having red flowers with narrow notched petals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99388", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladder campion", + "Silene uniflora", + "Silene vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Silene vulgaris", + "silene rigonfia", + "strigoli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of Arctic Europe having large white flowers with inflated calyx" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99389", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spergula", + "genus Spergula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Old World annual herbs: corn spurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99390", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn spurry", + "corn spurrey", + "Spergula arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Spergula arvensis", + "renaiola comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European weed with whorled leaves and white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99391", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spergularia", + "genus Spergularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly maritime Eurasian herbs: sand spurry; sea spurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99392", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand spurry", + "sea spurry", + "Spergularia rubra" + ], + "it": [ + "Spergularia rubra", + "spergularia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate weedy herb with tiny pink flowers; widespread throughout Europe and Asia on sand dunes and heath and coastal cliffs; naturalized in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99393", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stellaria", + "genus Stellaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common chickweed; stitchwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99394", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chickweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Stellaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99395", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common chickweed", + "Stellaria media" + ], + "it": [ + "Stellaria media", + "centocchio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99396", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stitchwort", + "greater stitchwort", + "starwort", + "Stellaria holostea" + ], + "it": [ + "Stellaria holostea", + "centocchio garofanina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99397", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vaccaria", + "genus Vaccaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cow-cockles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99398", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowherb", + "cow cockle", + "Vaccaria hispanica", + "Vaccaria pyramidata", + "Saponaria vaccaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Vaccaria hispanica", + "cetino dei campi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual with pale rose-colored flowers; cultivated flower or self-sown grainfield weed; introduced in North America; sometimes classified as a soapwort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99399", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aizoaceae", + "family Aizoaceae", + "Tetragoniaceae", + "family Tetragoniaceae", + "carpetweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent herbs or small shrubs mostly of South Africa but also New Zealand and North America: carpetweeds; fig marigolds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99400", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carpobrotus", + "genus Carpobrotus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophyllaceous genus of Carpobrotus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99401", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hottentot fig", + "Hottentot's fig", + "sour fig", + "Carpobrotus edulis", + "Mesembryanthemum edule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing South African succulent plant having a capsular fruit containing edible pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99402", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dorotheanthus", + "genus Dorotheanthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophyllaceous genus of Dorotheanthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99403", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "livingstone daisy", + "Dorotheanthus bellidiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing showy succulent annual of South Africa having white or pink or red or orange flowers and spatulate leaves covered in papillae that resemble small crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99404", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "papilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "(botany) a tiny outgrowth on the surface of a petal or leaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99405", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Lithops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of stemless South African succulents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99406", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithops", + "living stone", + "stoneface", + "stone-face", + "stone plant", + "stone life face", + "flowering stone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Lithops native to Africa having solitary yellow or white flowers and thick leaves that resemble stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99407", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mesembryanthemum", + "genus Mesembryanthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South African annual or biennial plants having flowers that open only in bright sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99408", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fig marigold", + "pebble plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several South African plants of the genus Mesembryanthemum cultivated for showy pink or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99409", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice plant", + "icicle plant", + "Mesembryanthemum crystallinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World annual widely naturalized in warm regions having white flowers and fleshy foliage covered with hairs that resemble ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99410", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Molluga", + "genus Molluga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carpetweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99411", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpetweed", + "Indian chickweed", + "Molluga verticillata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual prostrate mat-forming weed having whorled leaves and small greenish-white flowers; widespread throughout North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99412", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pleiospilos", + "genus Pleiospilos" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial succulents of South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99413", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living granite", + "living rock", + "stone mimicry plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "highly succulent stemless clump-forming plants with grey-green leaves similar in texture to lumps of granite; South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99414", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Tetragonia", + "genus Tetragonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99415", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New Zealand spinach", + "Tetragonia tetragonioides", + "Tetragonia expansa" + ], + "it": [ + "tetragonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99416", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amaranthaceae", + "family Amaranthaceae", + "amaranth family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan family of herbs and shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99417", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amaranthus", + "genus Amaranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large widely distributed genus of chiefly coarse annual herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99418", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaranth" + ], + "it": [ + "amaranto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99419", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaranth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of amaranth plants used as a native cereal in Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99420", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumbleweed", + "Amaranthus albus", + "Amaranthus graecizans" + ], + "it": [ + "Amaranthus albus", + "Amaranthus graecizans", + "amaranto bianco", + "amaranto blito-minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy plant of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99421", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love-lies-bleeding", + "velvet flower", + "tassel flower", + "Amaranthus caudatus" + ], + "it": [ + "amaranto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "young leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99422", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prince's-feather", + "gentleman's-cane", + "prince's-plume", + "red amaranth", + "purple amaranth", + "Amaranthus cruentus", + "Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus", + "Amaranthus hybridus erythrostachys" + ], + "it": [ + "Amaranthus cruentus", + "amaranto cruento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99423", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigweed", + "Amaranthus hypochondriacus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99424", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thorny amaranth", + "Amaranthus spinosus" + ], + "it": [ + "Amaranthus spinosus", + "amaranto spinoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99425", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alternanthera", + "genus Alternanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low herbs of tropical America and Australia; includes genus Telanthera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99426", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator weed", + "alligator grass", + "Alternanthera philoxeroides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolific South American aquatic weed having grasslike leaves and short spikes of white flowers; clogs waterways with dense floating masses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99427", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Celosia", + "genus Celosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs or vines of tropical and subtropical America and Asia and Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99428", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red fox", + "Celosia argentea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99429", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockscomb", + "common cockscomb", + "Celosia cristata", + "Celosia argentea cristata" + ], + "it": [ + "Celosia cristata", + "cresta di Gallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99430", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Froelichia", + "genus Froelichia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of erect or procumbent herbs of the Americas having spikes of woolly white flowers: cottonweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99431", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cottonweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99432", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gomphrena", + "genus Gomphrena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs having flowers in close heads; tropical America and Australia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99433", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe amaranth", + "bachelor's button", + "Gomphrena globosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American herb having rose to red or purple flowers that can be dried without losing color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99434", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iresine", + "genus Iresine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American herbs or subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99435", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodleaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Iresine having colored foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99436", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beefsteak plant", + "beef plant", + "Iresine herbstii", + "Iresine reticulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American plant having green to purple or red branches with green to purple ornamental foliage and spikes of insignificant woolly flowers with dry membranous bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99437", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Telanthera", + "genus Telanthera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in former classifications systems; now included in genus Alternanthera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99438", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Batidaceae", + "family Batidaceae", + "saltwort family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family coextensive with genus Batis: saltworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99439", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Batis", + "genus Batis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of plants constituting the family Batidaceae: low straggling dioecious shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99440", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltwort", + "Batis maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing strong-smelling coastal shrub of warm parts of the New World having unisexual flowers in conelike spikes and thick succulent leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99441", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chenopodiaceae", + "family Chenopodiaceae", + "goosefoot family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes spinach and beets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99442", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chenopodium", + "genus Chenopodium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goosefoot; pigweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99443", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goosefoot" + ], + "it": [ + "chenopodio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99444", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb's-quarters", + "pigweed", + "wild spinach", + "Chenopodium album" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium album", + "farinello comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99445", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American wormseed", + "Mexican tea", + "Spanish tea", + "wormseed", + "Chenopodium ambrosioides" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium ambrosioides", + "farinello aromatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rank-smelling tropical American pigweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99446", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "good-king-henry", + "allgood", + "fat hen", + "wild spinach", + "Chenopodium bonus-henricus" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium bonus-henricus", + "farinello buon-enrico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99447", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jerusalem oak", + "feather geranium", + "Mexican tea", + "Chenopodium botrys", + "Atriplex mexicana" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium botrys", + "farinello botri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99448", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strawberry blite", + "strawberry pigweed", + "Indian paint", + "Chenopodium capitatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99449", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oak-leaved goosefoot", + "oakleaf goosefoot", + "Chenopodium glaucum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white and hairy on the underside; common as a weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99450", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sowbane", + "red goosefoot", + "Chenopodium hybridum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb considered fatal to swine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99451", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nettle-leaved goosefoot", + "nettleleaf goosefoot", + "Chenopodium murale" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium murale", + "farinello murale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99452", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red goosefoot", + "French spinach", + "Chenopodium rubrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99453", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stinking goosefoot", + "Chenopodium vulvaria" + ], + "it": [ + "Chenopodium vulvaria", + "farinello puzzolente", + "vulvaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99454", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Atriplex", + "genus Atriplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orach; saltbush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99455", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orach", + "orache" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99456", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltbush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various shrubby plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in dry alkaline soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99457", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden orache", + "mountain spinach", + "Atriplex hortensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Atriplex hortensis", + "atriplice degli orti", + "bietolone rosso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99458", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert holly", + "Atriplex hymenelytra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handsome low saltbush of arid southwestern United States and Mexico having blue-green prickly-edged leaves often used for Christmas decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99459", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quail bush", + "quail brush", + "white thistle", + "Atriplex lentiformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spiny shrub with silvery-scurfy foliage of alkaline plains of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99460", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bassia", + "genus Bassia", + "Kochia", + "genus Kochia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summer cypress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99461", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer cypress", + "burning bush", + "fire bush", + "fire-bush", + "belvedere", + "Bassia scoparia", + "Kochia scoparia" + ], + "it": [ + "Kochia scoparia", + "belvedere", + "granata comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "densely branched Eurasian plant; foliage turns purple-red in autumn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99462", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Beta", + "genus Beta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99463", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beet", + "common beet", + "Beta vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Beta vulgaris", + "barbabietola", + "bietola comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99464", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beetroot", + "Beta vulgaris rubra" + ], + "it": [ + "barbabietola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beet having a massively swollen red root; widely grown for human consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99465", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chard", + "Swiss chard", + "spinach beet", + "leaf beet", + "chard plant", + "Beta vulgaris cicla" + ], + "it": [ + "bietola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99466", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangel-wurzel", + "mangold-wurzel", + "mangold", + "Beta vulgaris vulgaris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beet with a large yellowish root; grown chiefly as cattle feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99467", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar beet" + ], + "it": [ + "barbabietola da zucchero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form of the common beet having a sweet white root from which sugar is obtained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99468", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cycloloma", + "genus Cycloloma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Chenopodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99469", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged pigweed", + "tumbleweed", + "Cycloloma atriplicifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy annual weed of central North America having greenish flowers and winged seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99470", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Halogeton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Chenopodiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99471", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halogeton", + "Halogeton glomeratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99472", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barilla", + "Halogeton souda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99473", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salicornia", + "genus Salicornia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glassworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99474", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glasswort", + "samphire", + "Salicornia europaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99475", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Salsola", + "genus Salsola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly Old World herbs or shrubs: saltworts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99476", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltwort", + "barilla", + "glasswort", + "kali", + "kelpwort", + "Salsola kali", + "Salsola soda" + ], + "it": [ + "Salsola kali", + "salsola Erba-kali" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy plant of Old World salt marshes and sea beaches having prickly leaves; burned to produce a crude soda ash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99477", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Russian thistle", + "Russian tumbleweed", + "Russian cactus", + "tumbleweed", + "Salsola kali tenuifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prickly bushy Eurasian plant; a troublesome weed in central and western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99478", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sarcobatus", + "genus Sarcobatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: greasewood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99479", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greasewood", + "black greasewood", + "Sarcobatus vermiculatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low hardy much-branched spiny shrub common in alkaline soils of western America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99480", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spinacia", + "genus Spinacia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spinach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99481", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spinach", + "spinach plant", + "prickly-seeded spinach", + "Spinacia oleracea" + ], + "it": [ + "Spinacia oleracea", + "spinace", + "spinacio", + "spinacio comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99482", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyctaginaceae", + "family Nyctaginaceae", + "Allioniaceae", + "family Allioniaceae", + "four-o'clock family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a family of flowering plants of the order Caryophyllales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99483", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nyctaginia", + "genus Nyctaginia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Nyctaginaceae having only one species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99484", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarlet musk flower", + "Nyctaginia capitata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "viscid branched perennial of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico having tuberous roots and deep red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99485", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Abronia", + "genus Abronia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western North American herbs having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99486", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand verbena" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Abronia of western North America and Mexico having flowers resembling verbena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99487", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball", + "sweet sand verbena", + "Abronia elliptica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having heads of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers; grows in sandy arid regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99488", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet sand verbena", + "Abronia fragrans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taller than Abronia elliptica and having night-blooming flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99489", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow sand verbena", + "Abronia latifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having hemispherical heads of yellow trumpet-shaped flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to British Columbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99490", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach pancake", + "Abronia maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant having hemispherical heads of wine-red flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99491", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach sand verbena", + "pink sand verbena", + "Abronia umbellata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate herb having heads of deep pink to white flowers; found in coastal dunes from British Columbia to Baja California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99492", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert sand verbena", + "Abronia villosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soft-haired sticky plant with heads of bright pink trumpet-shaped flowers; found in sandy desert soil; after ample rains may carpet miles of desert with pink from the southwestern United States to northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99493", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Allionia", + "genus Allionia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly American herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99494", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trailing four o'clock", + "trailing windmills", + "Allionia incarnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trailing plant having crowded clusters of 3 brilliant deep pink flowers resembling a single flower blooming near the ground; found in dry gravelly or sandy soil; southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99495", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bougainvillea", + "Bougainvillaea", + "genus Bougainvillaea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornamental tropical woody vines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99496", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bougainvillea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several South American ornamental woody vines of the genus Bougainvillea having brilliant red or purple flower bracts; widely grown in warm regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99497", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper flower", + "Bougainvillea glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Brazilian vine that tends to flower continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99498", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mirabilis", + "genus Mirabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "four o'clocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99499", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "umbrellawort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Mirabilis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99500", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "four o'clock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Mirabilis having flowers that open in late afternoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99501", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common four-o'clock", + "marvel-of-Peru", + "Mirabilis jalapa", + "Mirabilis uniflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common garden plant of North America having fragrant red or purple or yellow or white flowers that open in late afternoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99502", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California four o'clock", + "Mirabilis laevis", + "Mirabilis californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California four o'clock with purple-red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99503", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet four o'clock", + "maravilla", + "Mirabilis longiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafy wildflower having fragrant slender white or pale pink trumpet-shaped flowers; southwestern United States and northern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99504", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert four o'clock", + "Colorado four o'clock", + "maravilla", + "Mirabilis multiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wildflower having vibrant deep pink tubular evening-blooming flowers; found in sandy and desert areas from southern California to southern Colorado and into Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99505", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain four o'clock", + "Mirabilis oblongifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leafy wildflower with lavender-pink flowers that open in the evening and remain through cool part of the next day; found in open woods or brush in mountains of southern Colorado to Arizona and into Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99506", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pisonia", + "genus Pisonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of often thorny tropical trees and shrubs and some vines; mainly America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99507", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cockspur", + "Pisonia aculeata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small spiny West Indian tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99508", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opuntiales", + "order Opuntiales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coextensive with the family Cactaceae: cactuses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99509", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cactaceae", + "family Cactaceae", + "cactus family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constituting the order Opuntiales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99510", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cactus" + ], + "it": [ + "cacto", + "cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any succulent plant of the family Cactaceae native chiefly to arid regions of the New World and usually having spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99511", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acanthocereus", + "genus Acanthocereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly trailing cacti having nocturnal white flowers; tropical America and Caribbean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99512", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitahaya cactus", + "pitahaya", + "Acanthocereus tetragonus", + "Acanthocereus pentagonus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cactus of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico having edible juicy fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99513", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aporocactus", + "genus Aporocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of epiphytic cacti of Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99514", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattail cactus", + "rat's-tail cactus", + "Aporocactus flagelliformis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated tropical American cactus having slender creeping stems and very large showy crimson flowers that bloom for several days" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99515", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ariocarpus", + "genus Ariocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow-growing geophytic cacti; northern and eastern Mexico; southern Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99516", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "living rock", + "Ariocarpus fissuratus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually unbranched usually spineless cactus covered with warty tubercles and having magenta flowers and white or green fruit; resembles the related mescal; northeastern Mexico and southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99517", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carnegiea", + "genus Carnegiea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "caryophylloid dicot genus with only one species: saguaro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99518", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saguaro", + "sahuaro", + "Carnegiea gigantea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extremely large treelike cactus of desert regions of southwestern United States having a thick columnar sparsely branched trunk bearing white flowers and edible red pulpy fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99519", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cereus", + "genus Cereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of much-branched treelike or shrubby cacti with pronounced ribs and rounded needlelike spines and nocturnal flowers usually white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99520", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-blooming cereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cacti of the genus Cereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99521", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Coryphantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mainly globose cacti of southwestern United States and Mexico covered with many nodules; superficially resembling and formerly included in genus Mammillaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99522", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coryphantha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cactus of the genus Coryphantha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99523", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Echinocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "globular or cylindrical cacti; southwestern United States to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99524", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echinocactus", + "barrel cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cactus of the genus Echinocactus; strongly ribbed and very spiny; southwestern United States to Brazil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99525", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedgehog cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cactus of the genus Echinocactus having stout sharp spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99526", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden barrel cactus", + "Echinocactus grusonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large cactus of east central Mexico having golden to pale yellow flowers and spines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99527", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Echinocereus", + "genus Echinocereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of low-growing shrubby ribbed cacti of Mexico and southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99528", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedgehog cereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cactus of the genus Echinocereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99529", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rainbow cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a stout cylindrical cactus of the southwest United States and adjacent Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99530", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Epiphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of tropical American (mainly Central America) cacti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99531", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epiphyllum", + "orchid cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cactus of the genus Epiphyllum having flattened jointed irregularly branching stems and showy tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99532", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ferocactus", + "genus Ferocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of nearly globular cacti of Mexico and southwestern United States: barrel cacti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99533", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cactus of the genus Ferocactus: unbranched barrel-shaped cactus having deep ribs with numerous spines and usually large funnel-shaped flowers followed by dry fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99534", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Gymnocalycium", + "genus Gymnocalycium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of low-growing globular South American cacti with spiny ribs covered with many tubercles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99535", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Harrisia", + "genus Harrisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of slender often treelike spiny cacti with solitary showy nocturnal white or pink flowers; Florida and Caribbean to South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99536", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hatiora", + "genus Hatiora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American epiphytic or lithophytic cacti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99537", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Easter cactus", + "Hatiora gaertneri", + "Schlumbergera gaertneri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring-blooming South American cactus with oblong joints and coral-red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Schlumbergera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99538", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hylocereus", + "genus Hylocereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of climbing or epiphytic tropical American cacti with angular stems and mostly white very fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99539", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-blooming cereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cacti of the genus Hylocereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99540", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lemaireocereus", + "genus Lemaireocereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American cacti usually tall and branching with stout spines and funnel-shaped flowers and globular or ovoid often edible fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99541", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chichipe", + "Lemaireocereus chichipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall treelike Mexican cactus with edible red fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99542", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lophophora", + "genus Lophophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "two species of small cacti of northeastern Mexico and southwestern United States having rounded stems covered with jointed tubercles: mescal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99543", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mescal", + "mezcal", + "peyote", + "Lophophora williamsii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small spineless globe-shaped cactus; source of mescal buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99544", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mescal button", + "sacred mushroom", + "magic mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the button-shaped top of the mescal cactus; a source of psilocybin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99545", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Mammillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of cacti characterized chiefly by nipple-shaped protuberances or tubercles on their surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99546", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mammillaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any cactus of the genus Mammillaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99547", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather ball", + "Mammillaria plumosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a low tuberculate cactus with white feathery spines; northeastern Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99548", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Melocactus", + "genus Melocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of strongly ribbed globose or spheroid cacti of tropical South and Central America and the Caribbean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99549", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Myrtillocactus", + "genus Myrtillocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of arborescent cacti of Mexico and Central America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99550", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garambulla", + "garambulla cactus", + "Myrtillocactus geometrizans" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arborescent cactus of western Mexico bearing a small oblong edible berrylike fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99551", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pediocactus", + "genus Pediocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing cacti of the Great Plains of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99552", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Knowlton's cactus", + "Pediocactus knowltonii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small clustering cactus of southwestern United States; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99553", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nopalea", + "genus Nopalea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the cactus family with scarlet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99554", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nopal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cacti of the genus Nopalea resembling prickly pears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99555", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Opuntia", + "genus Opuntia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of cactuses native to America: prickly pears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99556", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly pear", + "prickly pear cactus" + ], + "it": [ + "fico d'India", + "fico d'india", + "ficodindia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cacti having spiny flat joints and oval fruit that is edible in some species; often used as food for stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99557", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cholla", + "Opuntia cholla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arborescent cacti having very spiny cylindrical stem segments; southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99558", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nopal", + "Opuntia lindheimeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cactus having yellow flowers and purple fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99559", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuna", + "Opuntia tuna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American prickly pear of Jamaica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99560", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pereskia", + "genus Pereskia", + "Peireskia", + "genus Peireskia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American shrubby trees and woody climbers having slender branches with broad flat leaves and large panicles of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99561", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbados gooseberry", + "Barbados-gooseberry vine", + "Pereskia aculeata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "West Indian woody climber with spiny stems and numerous fragrant white flowers in panicles followed by small yellow to orange fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99562", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhipsalis", + "genus Rhipsalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of epiphytic or lithophytic unarmed cacti with usually segmented stems and pendulous branches; flowers are small followed by berrylike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99563", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistletoe cactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Rhipsalis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99564", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schlumbergera", + "genus Schlumbergera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American epiphytic or lithophytic cacti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99565", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christmas cactus", + "Schlumbergera buckleyi", + "Schlumbergera baridgesii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "epiphytic cactus of Brazilian ancestry widely cultivated as a houseplant having jointed flat segments and usually rose-purple flowers that bloom in winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99566", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Selenicereus", + "genus Selenicereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly epiphytic climbing cacti that bloom at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99567", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "night-blooming cereus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several night-blooming cacti of the genus Selenicereus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99568", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen of the night", + "Selenicereus grandiflorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American climbing cactus having triangular branches; often cultivated for its large showy night-blooming flowers followed by yellow red-streaked fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99569", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Zygocactus", + "genus Zygocactus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Brazilian cacti having flat fleshy usually branched joints and showy red or pink flowers followed by red fleshy fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99570", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab cactus", + "Thanksgiving cactus", + "Zygocactus truncatus", + "Schlumbergera truncatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "South American jointed cactus with usually red flowers; often cultivated as a houseplant; sometimes classified as genus Schlumbergera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99571", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytolaccaceae", + "family Phytolaccaceae", + "pokeweed family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chiefly tropical herbaceous plants (including shrubs and trees) with racemose flowers: genera Phytolacca, Agdestis, Ercilla, Rivina, Trichostigma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99572", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Phytolacca", + "genus Phytolacca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of Phytolaccaceae: pokeweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99573", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pokeweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of the genus Phytolacca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99574", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian poke", + "Phytolacca acinosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pokeweed of southeastern Asia and China" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99575", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke", + "pigeon berry", + "garget", + "scoke", + "Phytolacca americana" + ], + "it": [ + "Phytolacca americana", + "cremesina Uva-turca", + "uva da colorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99576", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ombu", + "bella sombra", + "Phytolacca dioica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99577", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agdestis", + "genus Agdestis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus with one species that is a rapidly growing climbing vine with tuberous roots; grown in hot climates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99578", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ercilla", + "genus Ercilla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of evergreen climbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99579", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rivina", + "genus Rivina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of erect perennial shrubby herbs; tropical and subtropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99580", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodberry", + "blood berry", + "rougeberry", + "rouge plant", + "Rivina humilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy houseplant having white to pale pink flowers followed by racemes of scarlet berries; tropical Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99581", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Trichostigma", + "genus Trichostigma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of erect or climbing shrubs found in tropical South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99582", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Portulacaceae", + "family Portulacaceae", + "purslane family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "family of usually succulent herbs; cosmopolitan in distribution especially in Americas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99583", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purslane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99584", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Portulaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mainly tropical fleshy or trailing herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99585", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portulaca" + ], + "it": [ + "portulaca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Portulaca having pink or red or purple or white ephemeral flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99586", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose moss", + "sun plant", + "Portulaca grandiflora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated in many varieties for its fleshy moss-like foliage and profusion of brightly colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99587", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common purslane", + "pussley", + "pussly", + "verdolagas", + "Portulaca oleracea" + ], + "it": [ + "Portulaca oleracea", + "erba porcellana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99588", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Calandrinia", + "genus Calandrinia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of low-growing herbs; widespread throughout tropical and warm temperate regions having usually basal leaves and panicles of purplish ephemeral flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99589", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock purslane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Calandrinia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99590", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red maids", + "redmaids", + "Calandrinia ciliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent carpet-forming plant having small brilliant reddish-pink flowers; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99591", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Claytonia", + "genus Claytonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mainly North American succulent herbs with white or pink flowers usually in terminal racemes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99592", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Carolina spring beauty", + "Claytonia caroliniana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Claytonia virginica but having usually pink flowers; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99593", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring beauty", + "Clatonia lanceolata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small slender plant having one pair of succulent leaves at the middle of the stem and a loose raceme of white or pink or rose bowl-shaped flowers and an edible corm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99594", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginia spring beauty", + "Claytonia virginica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small cormous perennial grown for its low rosette of succulent foliage and racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99595", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lewisia", + "genus Lewisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of western North American low-growing herbs having linear woolly leaves and large pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99596", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siskiyou lewisia", + "Lewisia cotyledon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen perennial having a dense basal rosette of long spatula-shaped leaves and panicles of pink or white-and-red-striped or pink-purple flowers; found on cliffs and in rock crevices in mountains of southwestern Oregon and northern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99597", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitterroot", + "Lewisia rediviva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy succulent ground-hugging plant of Rocky Mountains regions having deep to pale pink flowers and fleshy farinaceous roots; the Montana state flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99598", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Montia", + "genus Montia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of densely tufted annual herbs; north temperate regions and South America and tropical Africa and Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99599", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian lettuce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99600", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broad-leaved montia", + "Montia cordifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99601", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blinks", + "blinking chickweed", + "water chickweed", + "Montia lamprosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Indian lettuce of northern regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99602", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toad lily", + "Montia chamissoi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99603", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter purslane", + "miner's lettuce", + "Cuban spinach", + "Montia perfoliata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succulent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99604", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spraguea", + "genus Spraguea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of usually perennial herbs having deep woody taproots and flower heads of umbels or cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99605", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pussy-paw", + "pussy-paws", + "pussy's-paw", + "Spraguea umbellatum", + "Calyptridium umbellatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pink clusters of densely packed flowers on prostrate stems resemble upturned pads of cats' feet; grow in coniferous forests of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99606", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Talinum", + "genus Talinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of mainly American more-or-less succulent herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99607", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame flower", + "flame-flower", + "flameflower", + "Talinum aurantiacum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with fleshy roots and erect stems with narrow succulent leaves and one reddish-orange flower in each upper leaf axil; southwestern United States; Indians once cooked the fleshy roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99608", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow-leaved flame flower", + "Talinum augustissimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "similar to Talinum aurantiacum but with narrower leaves and yellow-orange flowers; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99609", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigmy talinum", + "Talinum brevifolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low plant with crowded narrow succulent leaves and fairly large deep pink axillary flowers that seem to sit on the ground; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99610", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock pink", + "Talinum calycinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pink-flowered perennial of rocky regions of western United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99611", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jewels-of-opar", + "Talinum paniculatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect plant with tuberous roots and terminal panicles of red to yellow flowers; southwestern North America to Central America; widely introduced elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99612", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiny talinum", + "Talinum spinescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low cushion-forming plant with rose to crimson-magenta flowers and leaf midribs that persist as spines when the leaves die; southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99613", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rhoeadales", + "order Rhoeadales", + "Papaverales", + "order Papaverales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of dicotyledonous plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99614", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capparidaceae", + "family Capparidaceae", + "caper family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dilleniid dicot family of the order Rhoeadales that includes: genera Capparis, Cleome, Crateva, and Polanisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99615", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capparis", + "genus Capparis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical or subtropical evergreen shrubs or small trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99616", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper" + ], + "it": [ + "cappero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Capparis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99617", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native pomegranate", + "Capparis arborea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian tree bearing edible fruit resembling the pomegranate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99618", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper tree", + "Jamaica caper tree", + "Capparis cynophallophora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub of southern Florida to West Indies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99619", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper tree", + "bay-leaved caper", + "Capparis flexuosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrub or small tree of southern Florida to Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99620", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "native orange", + "Capparis mitchellii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Australian tree bearing edible dark purple fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99621", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common caper", + "Capparis spinosa" + ], + "it": [ + "Capparis spinosa", + "cappero comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prostrate spiny shrub of the Mediterranean region cultivated for its greenish flower buds which are pickled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99622", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Cleome", + "Cleome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical and subtropical annual or perennial herbs or low shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99623", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiderflower", + "cleome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99624", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spider flower", + "spider plant", + "Cleome hassleriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99625", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rocky Mountain bee plant", + "stinking clover", + "Cleome serrulata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99626", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crateva", + "genus Crateva" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical genus of small trees or shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99627", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Polanisia", + "genus Polanisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely distributed herbs having palmate leaves and creamy white to or pink to magenta flowers with many stamens of unequal length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99628", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clammyweed", + "Polanisia graveolens", + "Polanisia dodecandra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99629", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cruciferae", + "family Cruciferae", + "Brassicaceae", + "family Brassicaceae", + "mustard family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a large family of plants with four-petaled flowers; includes mustards, cabbages, broccoli, turnips, cresses, and their many relatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99630", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucifer", + "cruciferous plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Cruciferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99631", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cress", + "cress plant" + ], + "it": [ + "nasturzio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the family Cruciferae with edible leaves that have a pungent taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99632", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercress" + ], + "it": [ + "crescione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several water-loving cresses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99633", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Aethionema", + "genus Aethionema" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of the family Cruciferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99634", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonecress", + "stone cress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99635", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alliaria", + "genus Alliaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs of the family Cruciferae; have broad leaves and white flowers and long siliques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99636", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garlic mustard", + "hedge garlic", + "sauce-alone", + "jack-by-the-hedge", + "Alliaria officinalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European herb that smells like garlic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99637", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Alyssum", + "genus Alyssum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the family Cruciferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99638", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alyssum", + "madwort" + ], + "it": [ + "alisso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99639", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anastatica", + "genus Anastatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: rose of Jericho; resurrection plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99640", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rose of Jericho", + "resurrection plant", + "Anastatica hierochuntica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small grey Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99641", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabidopsis", + "genus Arabidopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the mustard family having white or yellow or purplish flowers; closely related to genus Arabis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99642", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabidopsis thaliana", + "mouse-ear cress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small invasive self-pollinating weed with small white flowers; much studied by plant geneticists; the first higher plant whose complete genome sequence was described" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99643", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabidopsis lyrata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small noninvasive cross-pollinating plant with white flowers; closely related to Arabidopsis thaliana" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99644", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arabis", + "genus Arabis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual to perennial woody herbs of temperate North America, Europe and Asia: rockcress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99645", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock cress", + "rockcress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several rock-loving cresses of the genus Arabis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99646", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sicklepod", + "Arabis Canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American rock cress having very long curved pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99647", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tower cress", + "tower mustard", + "Arabis turrita" + ], + "it": [ + "Arabis turrita", + "arabetta maggiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European cress having stiff erect stems; sometimes placed in genus Turritis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99648", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tower mustard", + "tower cress", + "Turritis glabra", + "Arabis glabra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "or genus Arabis: erect cress widely distributed throughout Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99649", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Armoracia", + "genus Armoracia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "horseradish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99650", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseradish", + "horse radish", + "red cole", + "Armoracia rusticana" + ], + "it": [ + "Armoracia rusticana", + "armoraccio", + "barbaforte", + "cren", + "crenno", + "rafano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99651", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseradish", + "horseradish root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the root of the horseradish plant; it is grated or ground and used for seasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99652", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Barbarea", + "genus Barbarea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial or perennial herbs of north temperate regions: winter cress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99653", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter cress", + "St. Barbara's herb", + "scurvy grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Barbarea: yellow-flowered Eurasian cresses; widely cultivated for winter salad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99654", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Belle Isle cress", + "early winter cress", + "land cress", + "American cress", + "American watercress", + "Barbarea verna", + "Barbarea praecox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of southwestern Europe; cultivated in Florida" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99655", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow rocket", + "rockcress", + "rocket cress", + "Barbarea vulgaris", + "Sisymbrium barbarea" + ], + "it": [ + "Barbarea vulgaris", + "erba di Santa Barbara comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "noxious cress with yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99656", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Berteroa", + "genus Berteroa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoary alyssum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99657", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoary alison", + "hoary alyssum", + "Berteroa incana" + ], + "it": [ + "Berteroa incana", + "berteroa comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99658", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Biscutella", + "genus Biscutella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Eurasian herbs and small shrubs: buckler mustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99659", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckler mustard", + "Biscutalla laevigata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant of southeastern Europe having yellow flowers like those of mustard and pods with open valves resembling bucklers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99660", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brassica", + "genus Brassica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mustards: cabbages; cauliflowers; turnips; etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99661", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wild cabbage", + "Brassica oleracea" + ], + "it": [ + "Brassica oleracea", + "cavolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99662", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabbage", + "cultivated cabbage", + "Brassica oleracea" + ], + "it": [ + "Brassica oleracea", + "cavolo", + "cavolo comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99663", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head cabbage", + "head cabbage plant", + "Brassica oleracea capitata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various cultivated cabbage plants having a short thick stalk and large compact head of edible usually green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99664", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savoy cabbage" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolo verza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cabbage plant with a compact head of crinkled leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99665", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red cabbage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cabbage plant with a compact head of reddish purple leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99666", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brussels sprout", + "Brassica oleracea gemmifera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99667", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cauliflower", + "Brassica oleracea botrytis" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolfiore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99668", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broccoli", + "Brassica oleracea italica" + ], + "it": [ + "broccolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99669", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kale", + "kail", + "cole", + "borecole", + "colewort", + "Brassica oleracea acephala" + ], + "it": [ + "cavolo verde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99670", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variety of kale having smooth leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99671", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kohlrabi", + "Brassica oleracea gongylodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99672", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnip plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99673", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turnip", + "white turnip", + "Brassica rapa" + ], + "it": [ + "Brassica rapa", + "rapa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99674", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rutabaga", + "turnip cabbage", + "swede", + "Swedish turnip", + "rutabaga plant", + "Brassica napus napobrassica" + ], + "it": [ + "rapa svedese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruciferous plant with a thick bulbous edible yellow root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99675", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broccoli raab", + "broccoli rabe", + "Brassica rapa ruvo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99676", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard" + ], + "it": [ + "senapa", + "senape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99677", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mustard oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oil obtained from mustard seeds and used in making soap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99678", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chinese mustard", + "indian mustard", + "leaf mustard", + "gai choi", + "Brassica juncea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic mustard used as a potherb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99679", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chinese cabbage", + "celery cabbage", + "napa", + "pe-tsai", + "Brassica rapa pekinensis" + ], + "it": [ + "pe-tsai" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery; used as a vegetable in east Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99680", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bok choy", + "bok choi", + "pakchoi", + "pak choi", + "Chinese white cabbage", + "Brassica rapa chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99681", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tendergreen", + "spinach mustard", + "Brassica perviridis", + "Brassica rapa perviridis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99682", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black mustard", + "Brassica nigra" + ], + "it": [ + "Brassica nigra", + "cavolo Senape-nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread Eurasian annual plant cultivated for its pungent seeds; a principal source of table mustard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99683", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape", + "colza", + "Brassica napus" + ], + "it": [ + "Brassica napus", + "cavolo navone", + "colza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99684", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rapeseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed of rape plants; source of an edible oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99685", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape oil", + "rapeseed oil", + "colza oil" + ], + "it": [ + "olio di colza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edible light yellow to brown oil from rapeseed used also as a lubricant or illuminant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99686", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cakile", + "genus Cakile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of succulent annual herbs found on sandy shores of North America and Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99687", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea-rocket", + "Cakile maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99688", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Camelina", + "genus Camelina", + "false flax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual and biennial herbs of Mediterranean to central Asia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99689", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gold of pleasure", + "Camelina sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Camelina sativa", + "dorella coltivata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99690", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Capsella", + "genus Capsella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shepherd's purse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99691", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd's purse", + "shepherd's pouch", + "Capsella bursa-pastoris" + ], + "it": [ + "Capsella bursa-pastoris", + "borsapastore comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "white-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99692", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cardamine", + "genus Cardamine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bittercress, bitter cress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99693", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dentaria", + "genus Dentaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually included in genus Cardamine; in some classifications considered a separate genus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99694", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bittercress", + "bitter cress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various herbs of the genus Cardamine, having usually pinnate leaves and racemes of white, pink or purple flowers; cosmopolitan except Antarctic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99695", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lady's smock", + "cuckooflower", + "cuckoo flower", + "meadow cress", + "Cardamine pratensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Cardamine pratensis", + "billeri dei prati" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a bitter cress of Europe and America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99696", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coral-root bittercress", + "coralroot", + "coralwort", + "Cardamine bulbifera", + "Dentaria bulbifera" + ], + "it": [ + "Cardamine bulbifera", + "dentaria minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European bittercress having a knotted white rootstock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99697", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crinkleroot", + "crinkle-root", + "crinkle root", + "pepper root", + "toothwort", + "Cardamine diphylla", + "Dentaria diphylla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb with pungent scaly or toothed roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99698", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "American watercress", + "mountain watercress", + "Cardamine rotundifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat-forming perennial found in cold springs of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99699", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring cress", + "Cardamine bulbosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small white-flowered cress common in wet places in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99700", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple cress", + "Cardamine douglasii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small perennial herb of cooler regions of North America with racemose purple flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99701", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cheiranthus", + "genus Cheiranthus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World perennial plants grown for their showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99702", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallflower", + "Cheiranthus cheiri", + "Erysimum cheiri" + ], + "it": [ + "Erysimum cheiri", + "violaciocca gialla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southern Europe having clusters of fragrant flowers of all colors especially yellow and orange; often naturalized on old walls or cliffs; sometimes placed in genus Erysimum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99703", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several western American plants of the genus Cheiranthus having large yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99704", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cochlearia", + "genus Cochlearia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of the family Cruciferae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99705", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scurvy grass", + "common scurvy grass", + "Cochlearia officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "coclearia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a widely distributed Arctic cress reputed to have value in treatment or prevention of scurvy; a concentrated source of vitamin C" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99706", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Crambe", + "genus Crambe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs with large leaves that resemble the leaves of cabbages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99707", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea kale", + "sea cole", + "Crambe maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99708", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Descurainia", + "genus Descurainia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "includes annual or biennial herbs of America and Europe very similar to and often included among those of genera Sisymbrium or Hugueninia; not recognized in some classification systems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99709", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tansy mustard", + "Descurainia pinnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99710", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Diplotaxis", + "genus Diplotaxis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wall rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99711", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall rocket", + "Diplotaxis muralis", + "Diplotaxis tenuifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Diplotaxis muralis", + "Diplotaxis tenuifolia", + "ruchetta dei muri", + "ruchetta selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99712", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white rocket", + "Diplotaxis erucoides" + ], + "it": [ + "Diplotaxis erucoides", + "ruchetta violacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99713", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Draba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of low tufted herbs of temperate and Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99714", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99715", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitlow grass", + "shadflower", + "shad-flower", + "Draba verna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99716", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eruca", + "genus Eruca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual to perennial herbs of the Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99717", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket", + "roquette", + "garden rocket", + "rocket salad", + "arugula", + "Eruca sativa", + "Eruca vesicaria sativa" + ], + "it": [ + "Eruca sativa", + "ruca", + "ruchetta", + "rucola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99718", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Erysimum", + "genus Erysimum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of annual or perennial herbs some grown for their flowers and some for their attractive evergreen leaves; Old World and North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99719", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous plants of the genus Erysimum having fragrant yellow or orange or brownish flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99720", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American plants of the genus Erysimum having large yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99721", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Siberian wall flower", + "Erysimum allionii", + "Cheiranthus allionii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy erect biennial or short-lived perennial cultivated for its terminal racemes of orange-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99722", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western wall flower", + "Erysimum asperum", + "Cheiranthus asperus", + "Erysimum arkansanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial or short-lived perennial prairie rocket having orange-yellow flowers; western North America to Minnesota and Kansas; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99723", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormseed mustard", + "Erysimum cheiranthoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slender yellow-flowered European mustard often troublesome as a weed; formerly used as an anthelmintic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99724", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Heliophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of South African flowering herbs and subshrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99725", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliophila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various South African herbs and subshrubs cultivated for long showy racemes of bright blue flowers with white eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99726", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hesperis", + "genus Hesperis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "biennial or perennial erect herbs having nocturnally fragrant flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99727", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damask violet", + "Dame's violet", + "sweet rocket", + "Hesperis matronalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "long cultivated herb having flowers whose scent is more pronounced in the evening; naturalized throughout Europe to Siberia and into North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99728", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hugueninia", + "genus Hugueninia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: tansy-leaved rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99729", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tansy-leaved rocket", + "Hugueninia tanacetifolia", + "Sisymbrium tanacetifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99730", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iberis", + "genus Iberis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World herbs and subshrubs: candytuft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99731", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candytuft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various flowering plants of the genus Iberis cultivated for their showy clusters of white to red or purple flowers; native to Mediterranean region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99732", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Isatis", + "genus Isatis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World genus of annual to perennial herbs: woad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99733", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several herbs of the genus Isatis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99734", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dyer's woad", + "Isatis tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Isatis tinctoria", + "glasto comune", + "guado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99735", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lepidium", + "genus Lepidium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cosmopolitan genus of annual and biennial and perennial herbs: cress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99736", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common garden cress", + "garden pepper cress", + "pepper grass", + "pepperwort", + "Lepidium sativum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb used as salad green and garnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99737", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lesquerella", + "genus Lesquerella" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of low-growing hairy herbs: bladderpods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99738", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderpod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99739", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lobularia", + "genus Lobularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweet alyssum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99740", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet alyssum", + "sweet alison", + "Lobularia maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial European plant having clusters of small fragrant usually white flowers; widely grown in gardens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99741", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Lunaria", + "genus Lunaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of European herbs: honesty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99742", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honesty", + "silver dollar", + "money plant", + "satin flower", + "satinpod", + "Lunaria annua" + ], + "it": [ + "Lunaria annua", + "lunaria", + "lunaria meridionale", + "medaglie del Papa", + "monete del Papa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99743", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malcolmia", + "genus Malcolmia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of plants usually found in coastal habitats; Mediterranean to Afghanistan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99744", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Malcolm stock", + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various ornamental flowering plants of the genus Malcolmia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99745", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Virginian stock", + "Virginia stock", + "Malcolmia maritima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect branching herb cultivated for its loose racemes of fragrant white or pink or red or lilac flowers; native to sands and sea cliffs of southwestern Greece and southern Albania" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99746", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Matthiola", + "genus Matthiola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World plants grown as ornamentals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99747", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "gillyflower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several Old World plants cultivated for their brightly colored flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99748", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brompton stock", + "Matthiola incana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European plant with racemes of sweet-scented flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99749", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Nasturtium", + "genus Nasturtium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aquatic herbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99750", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common watercress", + "Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum", + "Nasturtium officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Nasturtium officinale", + "crescione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial Eurasian cress growing chiefly in springs or running water having fleshy pungent leaves used in salads or as a potherb or garnish; introduced in North America and elsewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99751", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Physaria", + "genus Physaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of western North American herbs similar to Lesquerella: bladderpods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99752", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderpod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99753", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Pritzelago", + "genus Pritzelago" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chamois cress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99754", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamois cress", + "Pritzelago alpina", + "Lepidium alpina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99755", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Raphanus", + "genus Raphanus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99756", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radish plant", + "radish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99757", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jointed charlock", + "wild radish", + "wild rape", + "runch", + "Raphanus raphanistrum" + ], + "it": [ + "Raphanus raphanistrum", + "ravanello selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian weed having yellow or mauve or white flowers and podlike fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99758", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radish", + "Raphanus sativus" + ], + "it": [ + "Raphanus sativus", + "rafano", + "ravanello comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its edible pungent root usually eaten raw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99759", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pungent edible root of any of various cultivated radish plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99760", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radish", + "daikon", + "Japanese radish", + "Raphanus sativus longipinnatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "radish of Japan with a long hard durable root eaten raw or cooked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99761", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rorippa", + "genus Rorippa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual and perennial herbs of damp habitats; cosmopolitan except Antarctica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99762", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marsh cress", + "yellow watercress", + "Rorippa islandica" + ], + "it": [ + "Rorippa islandica", + "crescione islandico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or biennial cress growing in damp places sometimes used in salads or as a potherb; troublesome weed in some localities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99763", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great yellowcress", + "Rorippa amphibia", + "Nasturtium amphibium" + ], + "it": [ + "Rorippa amphibia", + "crescione anfibio", + "crescione di Chiana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb found on streams and riversides throughout Europe except extreme north and Mediterranean; sometimes placed in genus Nasturtium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99764", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Schizopetalon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of South American herbs grown for its flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99765", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schizopetalon", + "Schizopetalon walkeri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a dainty South American annual having deeply pinnatifid leaves and racemes of fringed almond-scented purple-white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99766", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sinapis", + "genus Sinapis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Old World herbs usually included in genus Brassica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99767", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white mustard", + "Brassica hirta", + "Sinapis alba" + ], + "it": [ + "Sinapis alba", + "senape bianca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian mustard cultivated for its pungent seeds; a source of table mustard and mustard oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99768", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field mustard", + "wild mustard", + "charlock", + "chadlock", + "Brassica kaber", + "Sinapis arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Sinapis arvensis", + "senape selvatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weedy Eurasian plant often a pest in grain fields" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99769", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Sisymbrium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of Old World annual or biennial or perennial herbs with racemose flowers; many are considered to be weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99770", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge mustard", + "Sisymbrium officinale" + ], + "it": [ + "Sisymbrium officinale", + "erba-cornacchia comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99771", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stanleya", + "genus Stanleya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prince's plume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99772", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert plume", + "prince's-plume", + "Stanleya pinnata", + "Cleome pinnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southwestern United States having leathery blue-green pinnatifid leaves and thick plumelike spikes of yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Cleome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99773", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stephanomeria", + "genus Stephanomeria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "malheur wire lettuce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99774", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malheur wire lettuce", + "Stephanomeria malheurensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small plant of Oregon resembling mustard; a threatened species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99775", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Subularia", + "genus Subularia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of north temperate regions and mountains of tropical Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99776", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awlwort", + "Subularia aquatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small aquatic plant having tufted awl-shaped leaves in a basal rosette and minute white flowers; circumboreal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99777", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thlaspi", + "genus Thlaspi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of temperate regions: pennycress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99778", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pennycress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Thlaspi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99779", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pennycress", + "French weed", + "fanweed", + "penny grass", + "stinkweed", + "mithridate mustard", + "Thlaspi arvense" + ], + "it": [ + "Thlaspi arvense", + "erba-storna comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foetid Eurasian weed having round flat pods; naturalized throughout North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99780", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Thysanocarpus", + "genus Thysanocarpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of herbs of upland regions of the Pacific coast of North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99781", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringepod", + "lacepod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99782", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Turritis", + "genus Turritis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "closely related to and often included in genus Arabis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99783", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Vesicaria", + "genus Vesicaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of chiefly Mediterranean herbs: bladderpods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99784", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bladderpod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99785", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wasabi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99786", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papaveraceae", + "family Papaveraceae", + "poppy family" + ], + "it": [ + "papaveracee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs or shrubs having milky and often colored juices and capsular fruits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99787", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poppy" + ], + "it": [ + "papavero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or biennial or perennial herbs having showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99788", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Papaver", + "genus Papaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type genus of the Papaveraceae; chiefly bristly hairy herbs with usually showy flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99789", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland poppy", + "Papaver alpinum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Old World alpine poppy with white or yellow to orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99790", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western poppy", + "Papaver californicum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy annual of California with red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99791", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly poppy", + "Papaver argemone" + ], + "it": [ + "Papaver argemone", + "papavero selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual Old World poppy with orange-red flowers and bristly fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99792", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Iceland poppy", + "arctic poppy", + "Papaver nudicaule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subarctic perennial poppy of both hemispheres having fragrant white or yellow to orange or peach flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99793", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oriental poppy", + "Papaver orientale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commonly cultivated Asiatic perennial poppy having stiff heavily haired leaves and bright scarlet or pink to orange flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99794", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn poppy", + "field poppy", + "Flanders poppy", + "Papaver rhoeas" + ], + "it": [ + "Papaver rhoeas", + "papavero", + "papavero comune", + "rosolaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual European poppy common in grain fields and often cultivated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99795", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opium poppy", + "Papaver somniferum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "southwestern Asian herb with greyish leaves and white or reddish flowers; source of opium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99796", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Argemone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prickly poppies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99797", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickly poppy", + "argemone", + "white thistle", + "devil's fig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99798", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Mexican poppy", + "Argemone mexicana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99799", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Bocconia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tropical American trees or shrubs closely related to genus Macleaya" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99800", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bocconia", + "tree celandine", + "Bocconia frutescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small Central American tree having loose racemes of purple-tinted green flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99801", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Chelidonium", + "genus Chelidonium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: greater celandine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99802", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celandine", + "greater celandine", + "swallowwort", + "swallow wort", + "Chelidonium majus" + ], + "it": [ + "Chelidonium majus", + "celidonia", + "chelidonia", + "erba da porri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb with branched woody stock and bright yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99803", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Corydalis", + "genus Corydalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual or perennial herbs of Himalayan China and South Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99804", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corydalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Corydalis with beautiful compound foliage and spurred tubular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99805", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing corydalis", + "Corydalis claviculata", + "Fumaria claviculata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual vine with decompound leaves and racemes of yellow and pink flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99806", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman wormwood", + "rock harlequin", + "Corydalis sempervirens", + "Fumaria sempervirens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glaucous herb of northeastern United States and Canada having loose racemes of yellow-tipped pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Fumaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99807", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumewort", + "fumeroot", + "Corydalis solida" + ], + "it": [ + "Corydalis solida", + "colombina solida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of northern Europe and Asia having erect racemes of red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99808", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dendromecon", + "genus Dendromecon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: bush poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99809", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush poppy", + "tree poppy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evergreen shrub of southwestern United States and Mexico often cultivated for its fragrant golden yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99810", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eschscholtzia", + "genus Eschscholtzia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "showy herbs of western North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99811", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California poppy", + "Eschscholtzia californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of Pacific coast of North America; widely cultivated for its yellow to red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99812", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Glaucium", + "genus Glaucium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of Europe and North Africa and Asia: horned poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99813", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn poppy", + "horned poppy", + "yellow horned poppy", + "sea poppy", + "Glaucium flavum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yellow-flowered Eurasian glaucous herb naturalized in along sandy shores in eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99814", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Hunnemannia", + "genus Hunnemania" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: golden cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99815", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golden cup", + "Mexican tulip poppy", + "Hunnemania fumariifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "native of Mexican highlands grown for its glossy clear yellow flowers and blue-grey finely dissected foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99816", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Macleaya", + "genus Macleaya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perennial herb of eastern Asia: plume poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99817", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume poppy", + "bocconia", + "Macleaya cordata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of China and Japan widely cultivated for its plumelike panicles of creamy white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99818", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Meconopsis", + "genus Meconopsis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs almost entirely of mountains of China and Tibet; often monocarpic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99819", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue poppy", + "Meconopsis betonicifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Chinese perennial having mauve-pink to bright sky blue flowers in drooping cymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99820", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Welsh poppy", + "Meconopsis cambrica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely cultivated west European plant with showy pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99821", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Platystemon", + "genus Platystemon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: creamcups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99822", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creamcups", + "Platystemon californicus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California plant with small pale yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99823", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romneya", + "genus Romneya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: matilija poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99824", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matilija poppy", + "California tree poppy", + "Romneya coulteri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tall branching subshrub of California and Mexico often cultivated for its silvery-blue foliage and large fragrant white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99825", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Sanguinaria", + "genus Sanguinaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: bloodroot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99826", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloodroot", + "puccoon", + "redroot", + "tetterwort", + "Sanguinaria canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99827", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stylomecon", + "genus Stylomecon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: wind poppy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99828", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind poppy", + "flaming poppy", + "Stylomecon heterophyllum", + "Papaver heterophyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California wild poppy with bright red flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99829", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Stylophorum", + "genus Stylophorum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wood poppies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99830", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celandine poppy", + "wood poppy", + "Stylophorum diphyllum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial herb native to woodland of the eastern United States having yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99831", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fumariaceae", + "family Fumariaceae", + "fumitory family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or climbing herbs of the northern hemisphere and southern Africa: bleeding heart; Dutchman's breeches; fumitory; squirrel corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99832", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Fumaria", + "genus Fumaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual herbs whose flowers have only one petal spurred at the base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99833", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumitory", + "fumewort", + "fumeroot", + "Fumaria officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Fumaria officinalis", + "fumaria", + "fumaria comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99834", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Adlumia", + "genus Adlumia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: climbing fumitory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99835", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climbing fumitory", + "Allegheny vine", + "Adlumia fungosa", + "Fumaria fungosa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vine with feathery leaves and white or pinkish flowers; sometimes placed in genus Fumaria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99836", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dicentra", + "genus Dicentra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American and Asian herbs with divided leaves and irregular flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99837", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleeding heart", + "lyreflower", + "lyre-flower", + "Dicentra spectabilis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99838", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Dutchman's breeches", + "Dicentra cucullaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99839", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirrel corn", + "Dicentra canadensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99840", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Asteridae", + "subclass Asteridae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a group of mostly sympetalous herbs and some trees and shrubs mostly with 2 fused carpels; contains 43 families including Campanulales; Solanaceae; Scrophulariaceae; Labiatae; Verbenaceae; Rubiaceae; Compositae; sometimes classified as a superorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99841", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Campanulales", + "order Campanulales" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an order of plants of the subclass Asteridae including: Campanulaceae; Lobeliaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Goodeniaceae; Compositae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99842", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Compositae", + "family Compositae", + "Asteraceae", + "family Asteraceae", + "aster family" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plants with heads composed of many florets: aster; daisy; dandelion; goldenrod; marigold; lettuces; ragweed; sunflower; thistle; zinnia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99843", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "composite", + "composite plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "considered the most highly evolved dicotyledonous plants, characterized by florets arranged in dense heads that resemble single flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99844", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass plant", + "compass flower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants having leaves so arranged on the axis as to indicate the cardinal points of the compass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99845", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "everlasting", + "everlasting flower" + ], + "it": [ + "elicriso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of various genera of the family Compositae having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99846", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Achillea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial often aromatic and sometimes mat-forming herbs of north temperate regions: yarrow; milfoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99847", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achillea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99848", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yarrow", + "milfoil", + "Achillea millefolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Achillea millefolium", + "achillea", + "millefoglie", + "millefoglio", + "millefoglio montano" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99849", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneezeweed yarrow", + "sneezewort", + "Achillea ptarmica" + ], + "it": [ + "starnutaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long grey-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99850", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Acroclinium", + "genus Acroclinium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs and shrubs of Australia and South Africa: everlasting flower; most species usually placed in genus Helipterum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99851", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink-and-white everlasting", + "pink paper daisy", + "Acroclinium roseum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flower of southwestern Australia having bright pink daisylike papery flowers; grown for drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99852", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ageratina", + "genus Ageratina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual to perennial herbs or shrubs of eastern United States and Central and South America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99853", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white snakeroot", + "white sanicle", + "Ageratina altissima", + "Eupatorium rugosum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99854", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ageratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American herbs grown for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99855", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ageratum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Ageratum having opposite leaves and small heads of blue or white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99856", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common ageratum", + "Ageratum houstonianum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small tender herb grown for its fluffy brushlike blue to lavender blooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99857", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Amberboa", + "genus Amberboa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs of Mediterranean to central Asia cultivated for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99858", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet sultan", + "Amberboa moschata", + "Centaurea moschata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Asian plant widely grown for its sweetly fragrant pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Centaurea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99859", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ambrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprising the ragweeds; in some classification considered the type genus of a separate family Ambrosiaceae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99860", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Ambrosiaceae", + "family Ambrosiaceae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "in some classifications considered a separate family comprising a subgroup of the Compositae including the ragweeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99861", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ragweed", + "ambrosia", + "bitterweed" + ], + "it": [ + "ambrosia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous chiefly North American weedy plants constituting the genus Ambrosia that produce highly allergenic pollen responsible for much hay fever and asthma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99862", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common ragweed", + "Ambrosia artemisiifolia" + ], + "it": [ + "Ambrosia artemisiifolia", + "ambrosia con foglie di Artemisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annual weed with finely divided foliage and spikes of green flowers; common in North America; introduced elsewhere accidentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99863", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great ragweed", + "Ambrosia trifida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a coarse annual with some leaves deeply and palmately three-cleft or five-cleft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99864", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western ragweed", + "perennial ragweed", + "Ambrosia psilostachya" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coarse perennial ragweed with creeping roots of dry barren lands of southwestern United States and Mexico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99865", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ammobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Australian herbs grown for their flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99866", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammobium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Ammobium having yellow flowers and silvery foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99867", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winged everlasting", + "Ammobium alatum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Australian plant widely cultivated for its beautiful silvery-white blooms with bright yellow centers on long winged stems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99868", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anacyclus", + "genus Anacyclus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a Spanish pellitory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99869", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pellitory", + "pellitory-of-Spain", + "Anacyclus pyrethrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99870", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anaphalis", + "genus Anaphalis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of herbs of north temperate regions having hoary leaves: pearly everlasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99871", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearly everlasting", + "cottonweed", + "Anaphalis margaritacea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "an American everlasting having foliage with soft wooly hairs and corymbose heads with pearly white bracts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99872", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Andryala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a genus of hardy hairy latex-producing perennials of Mediterranean area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99873", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "andryala" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99874", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antennaria", + "genus Antennaria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small woolly perennial herbs having small whitish discoid flowers surrounded by a ring of club-shaped bristles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99875", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladies' tobacco", + "lady's tobacco", + "Antennaria plantaginifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial propagated by means of runners" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99876", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat's foot", + "cat's feet", + "pussytoes", + "Antennaria dioica" + ], + "it": [ + "Antennaria dioica", + "sempiterni di montagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99877", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plantain-leaved pussytoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of pussytoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99878", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field pussytoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of pussytoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99879", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solitary pussytoes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of pussytoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99880", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountain everlasting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of cat's foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99881", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Anthemis", + "genus Anthemis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dog fennel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99882", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mayweed", + "dog fennel", + "stinking mayweed", + "stinking chamomile", + "Anthemis cotula" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthemis cotula", + "camomilla fetida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widespread rank-smelling weed having white-rayed flower heads with yellow discs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99883", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow chamomile", + "golden marguerite", + "dyers' chamomile", + "Anthemis tinctoria" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthemis tinctoria", + "camomilla per tintori" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial herb with hairy divided leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99884", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn chamomile", + "field chamomile", + "corn mayweed", + "Anthemis arvensis" + ], + "it": [ + "Anthemis arvensis", + "camomilla bastarda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European white-flowered weed naturalized in North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99885", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Antheropeas", + "genus Antheropeas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of North American herbs often included in genus Eriophyllum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99886", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woolly daisy", + "dwarf daisy", + "Antheropeas wallacei", + "Eriophyllum wallacei" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tiny grey woolly tufted annual with small golden-yellow flower heads; southeastern California to northwestern Arizona and southwestern Utah; sometimes placed in genus Eriophyllum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99887", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctium", + "genus Arctium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burdock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99888", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burdock", + "clotbur" + ], + "it": [ + "lappola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several erect biennial herbs of temperate Eurasia having stout taproots and producing burs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99889", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common burdock", + "lesser burdock", + "Arctium minus" + ], + "it": [ + "Arctium minus", + "bardana minore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant that is ubiquitous in all but very acid soil; found in most of Europe and North Africa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99890", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "great burdock", + "greater burdock", + "cocklebur", + "Arctium lappa" + ], + "it": [ + "Arctium lappa", + "bardana", + "bardana maggiore", + "lappa", + "lappa bardana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burdock having heart-shaped leaves found in open woodland, hedgerows and rough grassland of Europe (except extreme N) and Asia Minor; sometimes cultivated for medicinal and culinary use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99891", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arctotis", + "genus Arctotis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herbs and subshrubs: African daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99892", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "African daisy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Arctotis having daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99893", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue-eyed African daisy", + "Arctotis stoechadifolia", + "Arctotis venusta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bushy perennial of South Africa with white or violet flowers; in its native region often clothes entire valley sides in a sheet of color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99894", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argyranthemum", + "genus Argyranthemum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99895", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marguerite", + "marguerite daisy", + "Paris daisy", + "Chrysanthemum frutescens", + "Argyranthemum frutescens" + ], + "it": [ + "margherita", + "margheritina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial subshrub of the Canary Islands having usually pale yellow daisylike flowers; often included in genus Chrysanthemum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99896", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Argyroxiphium", + "genus Argyroxiphium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small genus of Hawaiian spreading and rosette-forming shrubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99897", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silversword", + "Argyroxiphium sandwicense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing plant found only in volcanic craters on Hawaii having rosettes of narrow pointed silver-green leaves and clusters of profuse red-purple flowers on a tall stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99898", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Arnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of herbs of north temperate and Arctic regions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99899", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arnica" + ], + "it": [ + "arnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99900", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heartleaf arnica", + "Arnica cordifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wildflower with heart-shaped leaves and broad yellow flower heads; of alpine areas west of the Rockies from Alaska to southern California" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99901", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnica montana" + ], + "it": [ + "Arnica montana", + "arnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb of pasture and open woodland throughout most of Europe and western Asia having orange-yellow daisylike flower heads that when dried are used as a stimulant and to treat bruises and swellings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99902", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arnica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used especially in treating bruises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99903", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Arnoseris", + "genus Arnoseris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lamb succory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99904", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb succory", + "dwarf nipplewort", + "Arnoseris minima" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "small European herb with small yellow flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99905", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Artemisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "usually aromatic shrubs or herbs of north temperate regions and South Africa and western South America: wormwood; sagebrush; mugwort; tarragon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99906", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "artemisia" + ], + "it": [ + "artemisia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various composite shrubs or herbs of the genus Artemisia having aromatic green or greyish foliage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99907", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormwood" + ], + "it": [ + "assenzio", + "genepì", + "genipì" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several low composite herbs of the genera Artemisia or Seriphidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99908", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mugwort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several weedy composite plants of the genus Artemisia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99909", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sagebrush", + "sage brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several North American composite subshrubs of the genera Artemis or Seriphidium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99910", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southernwood", + "Artemisia abrotanum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubby European wormwood naturalized in North America; sometimes used in brewing beer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99911", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common wormwood", + "absinthe", + "old man", + "lad's love", + "Artemisia absinthium" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemisia absinthium", + "assenzio", + "assenzio vero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic herb of temperate Eurasia and North Africa having a bitter taste used in making the liqueur absinthe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99912", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweet wormwood", + "Artemisia annua" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemisia annua", + "assenzio annuale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wormwood of southeastern Europe to Iran" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99913", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "California sagebrush", + "California sage", + "Artemisia californica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low ashy-grey California shrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99914", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field wormwood", + "Artemisia campestris" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemisia campestris", + "assenzio di campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European wormwood similar to common wormwood in its properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99915", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarragon", + "estragon", + "Artemisia dracunculus" + ], + "it": [ + "dragoncello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aromatic perennial of southeastern Russia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99916", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand sage", + "silvery wormwood", + "Artemisia filifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silver-haired shrub of central and southern United States and Mexico; a troublesome weed on rangelands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99917", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wormwood sage", + "prairie sagewort", + "Artemisia frigida" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silky-leaved aromatic perennial of dry northern parts of the northern hemisphere; has tawny florets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99918", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "western mugwort", + "white sage", + "cudweed", + "prairie sage", + "Artemisia ludoviciana", + "Artemisia gnaphalodes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial cottony-white herb of southwestern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99919", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Roman wormwood", + "Artemis pontica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European wormwood; minor source of absinthe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99920", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bud brush", + "bud sagebrush", + "Artemis spinescens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a perennial that is valuable as sheep forage in the United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99921", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusty miller", + "beach wormwood", + "old woman", + "Artemisia stelleriana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herb with greyish leaves found along the east coast of North America; used as an ornamental plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99922", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common mugwort", + "Artemisia vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Artemisia vulgaris", + "assenzio selvatico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "European tufted aromatic perennial herb having hairy red or purple stems and dark green leaves downy white below and red-brown florets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99923", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "large genus of herbs widely cultivated for their daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99924", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aster" + ], + "it": [ + "aster", + "astro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various chiefly fall-blooming herbs of the genus Aster with showy daisylike flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99925", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wood aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several asters of eastern North America usually growing in woods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99926", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whorled aster", + "Aster acuminatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial with apparently whorled leaves and showy white purple-tinged flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99927", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath aster", + "Aster arenosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small white flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99928", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heart-leaved aster", + "Aster cordifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial wood aster of eastern North America" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99929", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white wood aster", + "Aster divaricatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhizomatous perennial wood aster of eastern North America with white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99930", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushy aster", + "Aster dumosus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiff perennial of the eastern United States having small linear leaves and numerous tiny white flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99931", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heath aster", + "Aster ericoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common much-branched North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small starry white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99932", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white prairie aster", + "Aster falcatus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of western North America having white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99933", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiff aster", + "Aster linarifolius" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wiry tufted perennial of the eastern United States with stiff erect rough stems, linear leaves and large violet flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99934", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldilocks", + "goldilocks aster", + "Aster linosyris", + "Linosyris vulgaris" + ], + "it": [ + "Aster linosyris", + "astro spillo d'oro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "early-flowering perennial of southern and southeastern Europe with flower heads resembling those of goldenrod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99935", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "large-leaved aster", + "Aster macrophyllus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted perennial wood aster of North America; naturalized in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99936", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "New England aster", + "Aster novae-angliae" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common perennial of eastern North America having showy purplish flowers; a parent of the Michaelmas daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99937", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Michaelmas daisy", + "New York aster", + "Aster novi-belgii" + ], + "it": [ + "Aster novi-belgii", + "astro americano", + "margherita settembrina", + "settembrini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American perennial herb having small autumn-blooming purple or pink or white flowers; widely naturalized in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99938", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upland white aster", + "Aster ptarmicoides" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tufted rigid North American perennial with loose clusters of white flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99939", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Short's aster", + "Aster shortii" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perennial of southeastern United States having usually blue flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99940", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sea aster", + "sea starwort", + "Aster tripolium" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a common European aster that grows in salt marshes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99941", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prairie aster", + "Aster turbinellis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violet-flowered perennial aster of central United States having solitary heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99942", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annual salt-marsh aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99943", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aromatic aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99944", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrow leaved aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99945", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azure aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99946", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99947", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crooked-stemmed aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99948", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Eastern silvery aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99949", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flat-topped white aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99950", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "late purple aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99951", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panicled aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99952", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perennial salt marsh aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99953", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple-stemmed aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99954", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-leaved aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99955", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99956", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Schreiber's aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99957", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "small white aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99958", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99959", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "southern aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99960", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starved aster", + "calico aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99961", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tradescant's aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99962", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wavy-leaved aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99963", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Western silvery aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99964", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "willow aster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of aster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99965", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Ayapana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tropical American herbs sometimes included in genus Eupatorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99966", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ayapana", + "Ayapana triplinervis", + "Eupatorium aya-pana" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99967", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Baccharis", + "genus Baccharis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrubs of western hemisphere often having honey-scented flowers followed by silky thistlelike heads of tiny fruits; often used for erosion control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99968", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groundsel tree", + "groundsel bush", + "consumption weed", + "cotton-seed tree", + "Baccharis halimifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a shrub of salt marshes of eastern and south central North America and West Indies; fruit is surrounded with white plumelike hairy tufts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99969", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mule fat", + "Baccharis viminea" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "California shrub with slender leafy shoots that are important browse for mule deer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99970", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coyote brush", + "coyote bush", + "chaparral broom", + "kidney wort", + "Baccharis pilularis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widely spreading evergreen shrub of southwestern United States with flower heads in a leafy panicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99971", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balsamorhiza", + "genus Balsamorhiza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of coarse western American herbs with large roots containing an aromatic balsam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99972", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balsamroot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99973", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bellis", + "genus Bellis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "daisy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99974", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy" + ], + "it": [ + "margherita", + "margheritina", + "pratolina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous composite plants having flower heads with well-developed ray flowers usually arranged in a single whorl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99975", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common daisy", + "English daisy", + "Bellis perennis" + ], + "it": [ + "Bellis perennis", + "margheritina", + "pratolina", + "pratolina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "low-growing Eurasian plant with yellow central disc flowers and pinkish-white outer ray flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99976", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Bidens", + "genus Bidens" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bur marigolds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99977", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur marigold", + "burr marigold", + "beggar-ticks", + "beggar's-ticks", + "sticktight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of several plants of the genus Bidens having yellow flowers and prickly fruits that cling to fur and clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99978", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish needles", + "Bidens bipinnata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "common bur marigold of the eastern United States" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99979", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Spanish needles", + "beggar-ticks" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the seed of bur marigolds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99980", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickseed sunflower", + "Bidens coronata", + "Bidens trichosperma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "North American bur marigold with large flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99981", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "European beggar-ticks", + "trifid beggar-ticks", + "trifid bur marigold", + "Bidens tripartita" + ], + "it": [ + "Bidens tripartita", + "canapa acquatica", + "forbicina comune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bur marigold of temperate Eurasia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99982", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swampy beggar-ticks", + "Bidens connata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bur marigold of eastern and northern United States and Canada common in wet pastures and meadows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99983", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slender knapweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of knapweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99984", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Jersey knapweed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "a variety of knapweed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99985", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Boltonia", + "genus Boltonia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tall leafy perennial herbs of eastern America and eastern Asia having flowers that resemble asters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99986", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "false chamomile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various autumn-flowering perennials having white or pink to purple flowers that resemble asters; wild in moist soils from New Jersey to Florida and Texas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99987", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brachycome", + "genus Brachycome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mostly Australian herbs having basal or alternate leaves and loosely corymbose flower heads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99988", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Swan River daisy", + "Brachycome Iberidifolia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "western Australian annual much cultivated for its flower heads with white or bluish to violet or variegated rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99989", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Brickellia", + "genus Brickelia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of herbs of southwestern America having usually creamy florets followed by one-seeded fruits in a prominent bristly sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99990", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Buphthalmum", + "genus Buphthalmum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oxeye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99991", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxeye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "Eurasian perennial herbs having daisylike flowers with yellow rays and dark centers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99992", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woodland oxeye", + "Buphthalmum salicifolium" + ], + "it": [ + "Buphthalmum salicifolium", + "asteroide salicina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hairy Eurasian perennial having deep yellow daisies on lax willowy stems; found in the wild in open woodland and on rocky slopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99993", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Cacalia", + "genus Cacalia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "genus of tall smooth herbs of forested mountains of Europe and Asia minor; in some classifications includes many plants usually placed in genus Emilia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99994", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Indian plantain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99995", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genus Calendula" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marigold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99996", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendula" + ], + "it": [ + "calendola", + "calendula", + "calta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "any of numerous chiefly annual herbs of the genus Calendula widely cultivated for their yellow or orange flowers; often used for medicinal and culinary purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99997", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "common marigold", + "pot marigold", + "ruddles", + "Scotch marigold", + "Calendula officinalis" + ], + "it": [ + "Calendula officinalis", + "fiorrancio coltivato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "the common European annual marigold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99998", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Callistephus", + "genus Callistephus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "one species: erect Asiatic herb with large flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i99999", + "pos": "noun", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "China aster", + "Callistephus chinensis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "valued for their beautiful flowers in a wide range of clear bright colors; grown primarily for cutting" + ] + } + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/datafiles/omw-verb.json b/scripts/datafiles/omw-verb.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f793cd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/datafiles/omw-verb.json @@ -0,0 +1,224138 @@ +[ + { + "source_id": "ili:i21778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe", + "take a breath", + "respire", + "suspire" + ], + "it": [ + "respirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo the biomedical and metabolic processes of respiration by taking up oxygen and producing carbon monoxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe easily again, as after exertion or anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke" + ], + "it": [ + "soffocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperventilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe excessively hard and fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperventilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce hyperventilation in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirate" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suck in (air)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burp", + "bubble", + "belch", + "eruct" + ], + "it": [ + "ruttare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel gas from the stomach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit or cause to move with force of effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiccup", + "hiccough" + ], + "it": [ + "singhiozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe spasmodically, and make a sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigh", + "suspire" + ], + "it": [ + "sospirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhale", + "expire", + "breathe out" + ], + "it": [ + "espirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from exhaling or expelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhale", + "give forth", + "emanate" + ], + "it": [ + "esalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give out (breath or an odor)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneeze" + ], + "it": [ + "starnutare", + "starnutire", + "sternutare", + "sternutire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhale spasmodically, as when an irritant entered one's nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhale", + "inspire", + "breathe in" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare", + "inalare", + "inspirare", + "respirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw in (air)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pant", + "puff", + "gasp", + "heave" + ], + "it": [ + "anelare", + "ansare", + "ansimare", + "avere il fiato grosso", + "sbuffare", + "respirare affannosamente", + "respirare con affanno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe noisily, as when one is exhausted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cough" + ], + "it": [ + "avere la tosse", + "tossire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhale abruptly, as when one has a chest cold or congestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "whoop" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cough spasmodically" + ], + "it": [ + "tossire in modo convulso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectorate", + "cough up", + "cough out", + "spit up", + "spit out" + ], + "it": [ + "espettorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge (phlegm or sputum) from the lungs and out of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snort" + ], + "it": [ + "sbuffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a snorting sound by exhaling hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheeze" + ], + "it": [ + "rantolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "huff", + "chuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow hard and loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "soffiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhale hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow or breathe hard on or into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawn" + ], + "it": [ + "sbadigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a yawn, as from lack of oxygen or when one is tired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniff", + "sniffle" + ], + "it": [ + "fiutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale audibly through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blink", + "wink", + "nictitate", + "nictate" + ], + "it": [ + "sbattere le palpebre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "briefly shut the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpebrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wink or blink, especially repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat", + "flutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wink briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal by winking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wink", + "blink", + "blink away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to go away by blinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squint", + "squinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross one's eyes as if in strabismus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partly close one's eyes, as when hit by direct blinding light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a face indicating disgust or dislike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shed", + "molt", + "exuviate", + "moult", + "slough" + ], + "it": [ + "mutare", + "spelarsi", + "spennacchiarsi", + "spennarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast off hair, skin, horn, or feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desquamate", + "peel off" + ], + "it": [ + "squamarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peel off in scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twitch", + "jerk" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un movimento brusco", + "muoversi di scatto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an uncontrolled, short, jerky motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fibrillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fine, irregular, rapid twitching movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move involuntarily", + "move reflexively" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act involuntarily", + "act reflexively" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "behave", + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "agire", + "comportarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall over backwards", + "bend over backwards" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try very hard to please someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take liberties or act with too much confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulgarize", + "vulgarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a vulgar manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimize", + "optimise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as an optimist and take a sunny view of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a medical quack or a charlatan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a threatening manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a certain way so as to acquire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swagger", + "bluster", + "swash" + ], + "it": [ + "spadroneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in an arrogant, overly self-assured, or conceited manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suddenly behave coldly and formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave extremely cruelly and brutally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a romantic way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalise", + "sentimentalize", + "sentimentize", + "sentimentise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a sentimental way or indulge in sentimental thoughts or expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bungle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spoil by behaving clumsily or foolishly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "toy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in an activity as if it were a game rather than take it seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "play", + "act as" + ], + "it": [ + "recitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stooge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a stooge, in a compliant or subordinate manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake", + "didder" + ], + "it": [ + "fremere", + "tremare", + "tremolare", + "vibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with or as if with a tremor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shiver", + "shudder" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrividire", + "agghiacciare", + "atterrirsi", + "intirizzire", + "rabbrividire", + "spaventarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake, as from cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ], + "it": [ + "riposare", + "riposarsi", + "ristorarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be active", + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a state of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep", + "kip", + "slumber", + "log Z's", + "catch some Z's" + ], + "it": [ + "dormire", + "riposare", + "riposarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundle", + "practice bundling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep fully clothed in the same bed with one's betrothed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snooze", + "drowse", + "doze" + ], + "it": [ + "dormicchiare", + "sonnecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep lightly or for a short period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nap", + "catnap", + "catch a wink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a siesta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep longer than intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep late", + "sleep in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep later than usual or customary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibernate", + "hole up" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere in letargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep during winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estivate", + "aestivate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep during summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drowse" + ], + "it": [ + "sonnecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on the verge of sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be almost asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let the head fall forward through drowsiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zonk out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall asleep fast, as when one is extremely tired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snore", + "saw wood", + "saw logs" + ], + "it": [ + "russare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe noisily during one's sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall asleep", + "dope off", + "flake out", + "drift off", + "nod off", + "drop off", + "doze off", + "drowse off" + ], + "it": [ + "appisolarsi", + "assopirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from a waking to a sleeping state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed down", + "bunk down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doss", + "doss down", + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sleep in a convenient place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go to bed", + "turn in", + "bed", + "crawl in", + "kip down", + "hit the hay", + "hit the sack", + "sack out", + "go to sleep", + "retire" + ], + "it": [ + "coricarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get up", + "turn out", + "arise", + "uprise", + "rise" + ], + "it": [ + "levarsi", + "alzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get up and out of bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake up", + "awake", + "arouse", + "awaken", + "wake", + "come alive", + "waken" + ], + "it": [ + "destarsi", + "risvegliarsi", + "svegliarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awaken", + "wake", + "waken", + "rouse", + "wake up", + "arouse" + ], + "it": [ + "destare", + "svegliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become awake or conscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reawaken" + ], + "it": [ + "ridestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "awaken once again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause to sleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fall asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act physically on; have an effect upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to injure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulcerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with an ulcer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake" + ], + "it": [ + "essere sveglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be awake, be alert, be there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay up", + "sit up" + ], + "it": [ + "vegliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not go to bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from going to bed at night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypnotize", + "hypnotise", + "mesmerize", + "mesmerise" + ], + "it": [ + "ipnotizzare", + "magnetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "induce hypnosis in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrance", + "spellbind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a trance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anesthetize", + "anaesthetize", + "anesthetise", + "anaesthetise", + "put under", + "put out" + ], + "it": [ + "anestetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer an anesthetic drug to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etherize", + "etherise" + ], + "it": [ + "eterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthetize with ether" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocainize", + "cocainise" + ], + "it": [ + "cocainizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthetize with cocaine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chloroform" + ], + "it": [ + "cloroformizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthetize with chloroform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anesthetize by cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring to", + "bring back", + "bring round", + "bring around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sedate", + "calm", + "tranquilize", + "tranquillize", + "tranquillise" + ], + "it": [ + "calmare", + "sedare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be calm or quiet as by administering a sedative to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulate", + "arouse", + "brace", + "energize", + "energise", + "perk up" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be alert and energetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-energize", + "de-energise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cathect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inject with libidinal energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perk up", + "perk", + "percolate", + "pick up", + "gain vigor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain or regain energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faint", + "conk", + "swoon", + "pass out" + ], + "it": [ + "basire", + "svenire", + "tramortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass out from weakness, physical or emotional distress due to a loss of blood supply to the brain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zonk out", + "pass out", + "black out" + ], + "it": [ + "svenire", + "tramortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose consciousness due to a sudden trauma, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to", + "revive", + "resuscitate" + ], + "it": [ + "rinvenire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animate", + "recreate", + "reanimate", + "revive", + "renovate", + "repair", + "quicken", + "vivify", + "revivify" + ], + "it": [ + "ristorare", + "ricreare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give new life or energy to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refresh", + "freshen", + "refreshen" + ], + "it": [ + "rinfrescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fresh again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freshen", + "refresh", + "refreshen", + "freshen up" + ], + "it": [ + "rinfrescarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or make oneself fresh again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash up", + "lave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash one's face and hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tense", + "strain", + "tense up" + ], + "it": [ + "contrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be tense and uneasy or nervous or anxious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist (a body part) into a strained position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "unstrain", + "unlax", + "loosen up", + "unwind", + "make relaxed" + ], + "it": [ + "rilassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel relaxed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from mental strain, tension, or formality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tense", + "tense up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become tense, nervous, or uneasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "loosen up", + "unbend", + "unwind", + "decompress", + "slow down" + ], + "it": [ + "distendersi", + "rilasciarsi", + "rilassarsi", + "scaricarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less tense, rest, or take one's ease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vege out", + "vegetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in passive relaxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit back", + "take it easy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle into a comfortable sitting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limber up", + "warm up", + "loosen up" + ], + "it": [ + "scaldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's body limber or suppler by stretching, as if to prepare for strenuous physical activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "extend" + ], + "it": [ + "sgranchire", + "stirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend one's limbs or muscles, or the entire body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread-eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch out completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exsert", + "stretch out", + "put out", + "extend", + "hold out", + "stretch forth" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare", + "protendere", + "tendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrust or extend out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyperextend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend a joint beyond its normal range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crane", + "stretch out" + ], + "it": [ + "protendere", + "tendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch (the neck) so as to see better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invigorate", + "reinvigorate" + ], + "it": [ + "ringagliardire", + "tonificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart vigor, strength, or vitality to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smile" + ], + "it": [ + "sorridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce dimples while smiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to draw back the lips and reveal the teeth, in a smile, grimace, or snarl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam" + ], + "it": [ + "sorridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smile radiantly; express joy through one's facial expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smirk", + "simper" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sorridere compiaciuto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smile affectedly or derisively" + ], + "it": [ + "sorridere in modo compiaciuto, affettato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to smirk contemptuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh loudly and harshly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellylaugh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh a deep, hearty laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roar", + "howl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh unrestrainedly and heartily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snicker", + "snigger" + ], + "it": [ + "ridacchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh quietly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "giggle", + "titter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh nervously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break up", + "crack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh unrestrainedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaken or destroy in spirit or body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break down", + "collapse" + ], + "it": [ + "afflosciarsi", + "cedere", + "crollare", + "stramazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collapse due to fatigue, an illness, or a sudden attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop like flies" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rapidly collapse, die, or drop out in large numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer from sudden painful contraction of a muscle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with or as if with a cramp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall over", + "go over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall forward and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a loud, unpleasant kind of laughing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guffaw", + "laugh loudly" + ], + "it": [ + "ridere fragorosamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh boisterously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuckle", + "chortle", + "laugh softly" + ], + "it": [ + "ridacchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh quietly or with restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugh", + "express joy", + "express mirth" + ], + "it": [ + "ridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be overcome with laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cachinnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh loudly and in an unrestrained way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneer" + ], + "it": [ + "sghignazzare", + "ghignare", + "sogghignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smile contemptuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express through a scornful smile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frown", + "glower", + "lour", + "lower" + ], + "it": [ + "aggrottare le sopracciglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glower", + "glare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with a fixed gaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fixate one's eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look" + ], + "it": [ + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain outward or facial expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frown with displeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise one's shoulders to indicate indifference or resignation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap", + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clap one's hands together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grimace", + "make a face", + "pull a face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contort the face to indicate a certain mental or emotional state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist into a strained configuration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pout", + "mop", + "mow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sad face and thrust out one's lower lip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free of obstruction by blowing air through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear the throat", + "hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear mucus or food from one's throat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a shower; wash one's body in the shower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bathe with warm water or medicated lotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathe" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleanse the entire body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanse", + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean one's body or parts thereof, as by washing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cleanse (itself or another animal) by licking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "lave" + ], + "it": [ + "lavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleanse (one's body) with soap and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash with a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub", + "scrub up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soap", + "lather" + ], + "it": [ + "insaponare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub soap all over, usually with the purpose of cleaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargle", + "rinse" + ], + "it": [ + "fare gargarismi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rinse one's mouth and throat with mouthwash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave" + ], + "it": [ + "radere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove body hair with a razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epilate", + "depilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove body hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "razor" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shave with a razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tonsure" + ], + "it": [ + "tonsurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shave the head of a newly inducted monk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathe", + "bath" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean one's body by immersion into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct a spray of water into a bodily cavity, for cleaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb", + "comb out", + "disentangle" + ], + "it": [ + "pettinare", + "ravviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoothen and neaten with or as with a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slick", + "slick down", + "sleek down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a smooth and glossy appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "arrange", + "set", + "do", + "coif", + "coiffe", + "coiffure" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange attractively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut hair in the style of a bob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pompadour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "style women's hair in a pompadour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marcel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a marcel in a woman's hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set waves in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauffer", + "goffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wavy with a heated goffering iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a permanent wave to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mousse", + "gel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a styling gel to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pomade" + ], + "it": [ + "impomatare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply pomade to (hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "fluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruffle (one's hair) by combing the ends towards the scalp, for a full effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groom", + "neaten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for one's external appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make oneself clean, presentable or neat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbellettare", + "truccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply make-up or cosmetics to one's face to appear prettier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "highlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a highlighter to one's cheeks or eyebrows in order to make them more prominent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply lipstick to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rouge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redden by applying rouge to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply conditioner to in order to make smooth and shiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use dental floss to clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shampoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use shampoo on (hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powder" + ], + "it": [ + "incipriare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply powder to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply talcum powder to (one's body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for (one's hand) by cutting and shaping the nails, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trim carefully and neatly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform the services of a barber: cut the hair and/or beard of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedicure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for one's feet by cutting and shaping the nails, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doll up", + "do up", + "pretty up", + "glam up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use special care in dressing, making-up, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce up", + "spruce", + "slick up", + "smarten up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress and groom with particular care, as for a special occasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfume", + "scent" + ], + "it": [ + "profumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply perfume to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preen", + "primp", + "plume", + "dress" + ], + "it": [ + "abbigliarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress or groom with elaborate care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress up showily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tart up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress up in a cheap and provocative way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdress", + "dress up", + "fig out", + "fig up", + "deck up", + "gussy up", + "fancy up", + "trick up", + "deck out", + "trick out", + "prink", + "attire", + "get up", + "rig out", + "tog up", + "tog out" + ], + "it": [ + "abbigliare", + "addobbarsi", + "agghindarsi", + "bardare", + "bardarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on special clothes to appear particularly appealing and attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "dress up" + ], + "it": [ + "vestirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress in a certain manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn with a robe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prim", + "prim up", + "prim out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress primly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedizen", + "dizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress up garishly and tastelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress down", + "underdress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress informally and casually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress very carefully and in a finicky manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "groom", + "curry" + ], + "it": [ + "strigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a neat appearance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i21999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "melt off", + "lose weight", + "slim", + "slenderize", + "thin", + "slim down" + ], + "it": [ + "assottigliarsi", + "dimagrire", + "smagrirsi", + "snellirsi", + "perdere peso", + "perdere chili" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose weight by sweating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gain", + "put on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase (one's body weight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "flesh out", + "fill out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become round, plump, or shapely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "get dressed" + ], + "it": [ + "vestirsi", + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundle up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbacuccare", + "infagottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress warmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on or wear a hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try on", + "try" + ], + "it": [ + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on a garment in order to see whether it fits and looks nice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress in a bonnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or show an appearance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "indossare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have on one's person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "clothe", + "enclothe", + "garb", + "raiment", + "tog", + "garment", + "habilitate", + "fit out", + "apparel" + ], + "it": [ + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with clothes or put clothes on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "wrap up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbacuccare", + "infagottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothe, as if for protection from the elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a jacket on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a frock on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a shirt on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a habit on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide or cover with a cloak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdress", + "overclothe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress too warmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underdress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress without sufficient warmth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress with a corset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoe" + ], + "it": [ + "ferrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undress", + "discase", + "uncase", + "unclothe", + "strip", + "strip down", + "disrobe", + "peel" + ], + "it": [ + "denudarsi", + "spogliarsi", + "svestirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get undressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peel off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off, as with some difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off" + ], + "it": [ + "togliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "put on", + "get into", + "don", + "assume" + ], + "it": [ + "indossare", + "mettere", + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put clothing on one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap in or adorn with a scarf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip on" + ], + "it": [ + "infilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on with ease or speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip off" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off with ease or speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or provide with a coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress in the clothes of the other sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume", + "dress up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress in a costume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress like a dandy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest", + "robe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothe formally; especially in ecclesiastical robes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clothe oneself in ecclesiastical garments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "have on" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "indossare", + "mettere", + "vestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dressed in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inseminate", + "fecundate", + "fertilize", + "fertilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce semen into (a female)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render fertile and preserve by placing between layers of earth or sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quicken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show signs of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnate", + "knock up", + "bang up", + "prang up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pregnant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilize and cause to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnate with the virus or germ of a disease in order to render immune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-fertilize", + "cross-fertilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undergo cross-fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-fertilize", + "cross-fertilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo cross-fertilization; become fertile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollinate", + "pollenate", + "cross-pollinate" + ], + "it": [ + "impollinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilize by transfering pollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceive" + ], + "it": [ + "concepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become pregnant; undergo conception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mate successfully; of livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beget", + "get", + "engender", + "father", + "mother", + "sire", + "generate", + "bring forth" + ], + "it": [ + "generare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ejaculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eject semen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduce", + "procreate", + "multiply" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicarsi", + "procreare", + "riprodursi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have offspring or produce more individuals of a given animal or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multiply sexually or asexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propagate asexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to propagate, as by grafting or layering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert a bud for propagation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructify", + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breed", + "multiply" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have young (animals) or reproduce (organisms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed freely and abundantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spawn" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre le uova" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spawn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give birth", + "deliver", + "bear", + "birth", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be born" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in confinement for childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor", + "labour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo the efforts of childbirth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth to twins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth; used for animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth to a foal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth to cubs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kitten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have kittens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lamb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth to a lamb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth to a litter of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whelp", + "pup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farrow", + "pig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have fawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calve", + "have young" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have a bun in the oven", + "bear", + "carry", + "gestate", + "expect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be pregnant with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look forward to the birth of a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry to term" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out a pregnancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscarry" + ], + "it": [ + "abortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer a miscarriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abort" + ], + "it": [ + "abortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate a pregnancy by undergoing an abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease development, die, and be aborted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood", + "hatch", + "cover", + "incubate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit on (eggs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alter", + "neuter", + "spay", + "castrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the ovaries of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defeminize", + "defeminise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the ovaries of (female mammals such as cats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emasculate", + "castrate", + "demasculinize", + "demasculinise" + ], + "it": [ + "castrare", + "evirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the testicles of a male animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caponize", + "caponise" + ], + "it": [ + "accapponare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert a cock into a capon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geld", + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut off the testicles (of male animals such as horses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vasectomize", + "vasectomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the vas deferens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterilize", + "sterilise", + "desex", + "unsex", + "desexualize", + "desexualise", + "fix" + ], + "it": [ + "sterilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make infertile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face-lift", + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform cosmetic surgery on someone's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trephine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate on with a trephine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menstruate", + "flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo menstruation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovulate" + ], + "it": [ + "ovulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce and discharge eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sterilize", + "sterilise" + ], + "it": [ + "sterilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make free from bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antisepticize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disinfect with an antiseptic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autoclave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to the action of an autoclave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emerge from the eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritate" + ], + "it": [ + "irritare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excite to an abnormal condition, or chafe or inflame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflame" + ], + "it": [ + "infiammarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become inflamed; get sore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflame" + ], + "it": [ + "infiammare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause inflammation in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soothe" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcire", + "ammollire", + "assopire", + "blandire", + "calmare", + "disacerbare", + "lenire", + "mitigare", + "molcere", + "placare", + "sedare", + "sopire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relieve", + "alleviate", + "palliate", + "assuage" + ], + "it": [ + "alleviare", + "attenuare", + "mitigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide physical relief, as from pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massage" + ], + "it": [ + "massaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a massage to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give trouble or pain to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel unwell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer", + "hurt" + ], + "it": [ + "patire", + "soffrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel pain or be in pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer from; be ill with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be healthy; feel good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer", + "sustain", + "have", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "beccarsi", + "buscare", + "soffrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wail", + "whimper", + "mewl", + "pule" + ], + "it": [ + "fiottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry weakly or softly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry", + "weep" + ], + "it": [ + "piangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shed tears because of sadness, rage, or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into a particular state by crying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with tears or shed tears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sob" + ], + "it": [ + "singhiozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weep convulsively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snivel", + "sniffle", + "blubber", + "blub", + "snuffle" + ], + "it": [ + "frignare", + "piagnucolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry or whine with snuffling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweat", + "sudate", + "perspire" + ], + "it": [ + "sudare", + "traspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excrete perspiration through the pores in the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superfetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceive when a fetus is already present in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exude", + "exudate", + "transude", + "ooze out", + "ooze" + ], + "it": [ + "stillare", + "trasudare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release (a liquid) in drops or small quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distill", + "distil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off (a liquid)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reek", + "fume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be wet with sweat or blood, as of one's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off (water) through the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravasate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "geology: cause molten material, such as lava, to pour forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exude profusely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exude or form gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secrete", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "secernere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generate and separate from cells or bodily fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secrete or form water, as tears or saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer from intense heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "injure", + "wound" + ], + "it": [ + "ferire", + "toccare", + "vulnerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause injuries or bodily harm to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trample" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure by trampling or as if by trampling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure the brain; sustain a concussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure with a calk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble", + "ail", + "pain" + ], + "it": [ + "affliggere", + "prostrare", + "travagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause bodily suffering to and make sick or indisposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagree with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not be very easily digestible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torture", + "excruciate", + "torment" + ], + "it": [ + "martoriare", + "seviziare", + "tormentare", + "torturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to torture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "torture on the rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martyr", + "martyrize", + "martyrise" + ], + "it": [ + "martirizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "torture and torment like a martyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "overstretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strain abnormally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "urinate", + "piddle", + "puddle", + "micturate", + "piss", + "pee", + "pee-pee", + "make water", + "relieve oneself", + "take a leak", + "spend a penny", + "wee", + "wee-wee", + "pass water" + ], + "it": [ + "mingere", + "orinare", + "pisciare", + "urinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass after the manner of urine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's bed or clothes wet by urinating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urinate, of cattle and horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excrete", + "egest", + "eliminate", + "pass" + ], + "it": [ + "evacuare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuate", + "void", + "empty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excrete or discharge from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty or clean (a body cavity) by the force of suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excrete or evacuate (someone's bowels or body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool", + "defecate", + "shit", + "take a shit", + "take a crap", + "ca-ca", + "crap", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "cacare", + "defecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a bowel movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defecate; used of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constipate", + "bind" + ], + "it": [ + "costipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be constipated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstipate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constipate severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shed blood", + "bleed", + "hemorrhage" + ], + "it": [ + "sanguinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose blood from one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tire", + "wear upon", + "tire out", + "wear", + "weary", + "jade", + "wear out", + "outwear", + "wear down", + "fag out", + "fag", + "fatigue" + ], + "it": [ + "affaticare", + "ammazzare", + "annoiare", + "estenuare", + "logorare", + "prostrare", + "sdirenare", + "sfiancare", + "sfinire", + "spossare", + "stancare", + "stancarsi", + "straccare", + "strapazzare", + "stremare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust", + "wash up", + "beat", + "tucker", + "tucker out" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurire", + "sfinire", + "stremare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear out completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frazzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust physically or emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust by allowing to pull on the line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtire", + "overweary", + "overfatigue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tire excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tire", + "pall", + "weary", + "fatigue", + "jade" + ], + "it": [ + "annoiare", + "stancarsi", + "stufarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose interest or become bored with something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vomit", + "vomit up", + "purge", + "cast", + "sick", + "cat", + "be sick", + "disgorge", + "regorge", + "retch", + "puke", + "barf", + "spew", + "spue", + "chuck", + "upchuck", + "honk", + "regurgitate", + "throw up" + ], + "it": [ + "ributtare", + "rigettare", + "rimettere", + "vomitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spew", + "spew out", + "eruct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eject or send out in large quantities, also metaphorical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage not to throw up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "heave", + "retch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "avere conati di vomito", + "avere i conati di vomito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an unsuccessful effort to vomit; strain to vomit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to retch or choke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "choke", + "strangle", + "suffocate" + ], + "it": [ + "asfissiare", + "boccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke", + "strangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constrict (someone's) throat and keep from breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ], + "it": [ + "assiderare", + "assiderarsi", + "congelarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be uncomfortably hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel unwell or uncomfortable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind together, of teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ill or unwell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat", + "care for" + ], + "it": [ + "assistere", + "curare", + "medicare", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide treatment for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat a defect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat by blowing a powder or vapor into a bodily cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detox", + "detoxify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat for alcohol or drug dependence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irrigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with a constant flow or sprinkling of some liquid, for the purpose of cooling, cleansing, or disinfecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodize", + "iodise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with iodine so as to prevent infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doctor" + ], + "it": [ + "curare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give medical treatment to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide veterinary care for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a person) with medical care" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat manually, as with massage, for therapeutic purposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administer", + "dispense" + ], + "it": [ + "somministrare", + "dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or apply (medications)" + ], + "it": [ + "fornire a qualcuno come cura, medicamento o soccorso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a transfusion (e.g., of blood) to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer digitalis such that the patient benefits maximally without getting adverse effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring around", + "cure", + "heal" + ], + "it": [ + "curare", + "guarire", + "guerire", + "risanare", + "sanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a cure for, make healthy again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help", + "aid" + ], + "it": [ + "aiutare", + "sovvenire", + "sussidiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve the condition of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort", + "ease" + ], + "it": [ + "acquietare", + "attutire", + "lenire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen pain or discomfort; alleviate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remedy", + "relieve" + ], + "it": [ + "soccorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide relief for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress" + ], + "it": [ + "medicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a bandage or medication to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poultice", + "plaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress by covering with a therapeutic substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandage" + ], + "it": [ + "bendare", + "fasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress by covering or binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind with a bandage or ligature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure (a sprained joint) with a strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splint" + ], + "it": [ + "steccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support with a splint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operate on", + "operate" + ], + "it": [ + "intervenire", + "operare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform surgery on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venesect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice venesection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicate", + "medicine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat medicinally, treat with medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "medicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnate with a medicinal substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug", + "dose" + ], + "it": [ + "drogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer a drug to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dope", + "dope up" + ], + "it": [ + "dopare", + "drogare", + "drogarlo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a narcotic to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dope (a racehorse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdose", + "o.d." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dose too heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narcotize", + "narcotise" + ], + "it": [ + "narcotizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer narcotics to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoint", + "inunct", + "oil", + "anele", + "embrocate" + ], + "it": [ + "ungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer an oil or ointment to ; often in a religious ceremony of blessing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a salve to, usually for the purpose of healing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleed", + "leech", + "phlebotomize", + "phlebotomise" + ], + "it": [ + "salassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inject", + "shoot" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un'iniezione a", + "iniettare", + "inoculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an injection to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce into the body through a vein, for therapeutic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunize", + "immunise", + "inoculate", + "vaccinate" + ], + "it": [ + "vaccinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform vaccinations or produce immunity in by inoculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup", + "transfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat by applying evacuated cups to the patient's skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sicken", + "come down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get sick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become pale and sickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract", + "take", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "beccare", + "buscarsi", + "contrarre", + "prendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch cold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come down with a cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sicken" + ], + "it": [ + "disgustare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sick or ill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer poison to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intoxicate" + ], + "it": [ + "inebbriare", + "inebriare", + "intossicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an intoxicating effect on, of a drug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infect", + "taint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contaminate with a disease or microorganism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superinfect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infect (an infected cell) further or infect a cell already containing similar organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with smut or mildew, as of a crop such as corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinfect" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy microorganisms or pathogens by cleansing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disinfect with chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infect" + ], + "it": [ + "appestare", + "attaccare", + "contagiare", + "infettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate a disease to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infect with a canker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become infected with a canker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traumatize", + "traumatise", + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "traumatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflict a trauma upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to electrical shocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanize", + "galvanise" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate (muscles) by administering a shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutilate", + "mar" + ], + "it": [ + "amputare", + "mutilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or injure severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maim" + ], + "it": [ + "amputare", + "menomare", + "mutilare", + "storpiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure or wound seriously and leave permanent disfiguration or mutilation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist", + "sprain", + "wrench", + "turn", + "wrick", + "rick" + ], + "it": [ + "slogare", + "storcere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist suddenly so as to sprain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subluxate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprain or dislocate slightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cripple", + "lame" + ], + "it": [ + "sciancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of the use of a limb, especially a leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamstring" + ], + "it": [ + "azzoppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cripple by cutting the hamstring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disable", + "invalid", + "incapacitate", + "handicap" + ], + "it": [ + "inabilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure permanently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disable by cutting the hock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devolve", + "deteriorate", + "drop", + "degenerate" + ], + "it": [ + "peggiorare", + "tralignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recuperate", + "recover", + "convalesce" + ], + "it": [ + "ricuperare", + "rimettersi", + "riprendersi", + "risollevarsi", + "ristabilirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get over an illness or shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recover quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recuperate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore to good health or strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relapse", + "lapse", + "recidivate", + "regress", + "retrogress", + "fall back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back to bad behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "languish", + "fade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become feeble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become physically weaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atrophy" + ], + "it": [ + "atrofizzare", + "atrofizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo atrophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypertrophy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo hypertrophy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fledge", + "feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow", + "develop", + "produce", + "get", + "acquire" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow anew or continue growth after an injury or interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprout", + "stock" + ], + "it": [ + "germogliare", + "gettare", + "nascere", + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forth and grow sprouts or shoots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool", + "tiller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow shoots in the form of stools or tillers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce leaves, of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce pods, of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow teeth; cut the baby teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow through the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankylose", + "ancylose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo ankylosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ankylose", + "ancylose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce ankylosis by surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pupate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop into a pupa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work up", + "get up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fester", + "maturate", + "suppurate" + ], + "it": [ + "marcire", + "suppurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ripen and generate pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to localize at one point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppurate", + "mature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to ripen and discharge pus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necrose", + "gangrene", + "mortify", + "sphacelate" + ], + "it": [ + "mortificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo necrosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate", + "revitalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become young again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo regeneration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resuscitate", + "revive" + ], + "it": [ + "far rinvenire", + "rianimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to regain consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot", + "reboot", + "bring up" + ], + "it": [ + "inizializzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to load (an operating system) and start the initial processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurrect", + "raise", + "upraise" + ], + "it": [ + "resuscitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become alive again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurrect", + "rise", + "uprise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return from the dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a scab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow new skin over an injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heal" + ], + "it": [ + "cicatrizzare", + "cicatrizzarsi", + "guarire", + "guerire", + "richiudersi", + "rimarginarsi", + "risanarsi", + "saldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get healthy again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form granulating tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poop out", + "peter out", + "run down", + "run out", + "conk out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use up all one's strength and energy and stop working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise", + "work out" + ], + "it": [ + "allenare", + "esercitare", + "tenere in esercizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do physical exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "allenarsi", + "prepararsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise in order to prepare for an event or competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do gymnastics, roll and turn skillfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execute a roll, in tumbling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exercise", + "work", + "work out" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a workout to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm up" + ], + "it": [ + "riscaldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to do preliminary exercises so as to stretch the muscles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become limber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "tone up", + "strengthen" + ], + "it": [ + "rassodare", + "tonificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a healthy elasticity to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stretch out" + ], + "it": [ + "distendere", + "stendere", + "stiracchiarsi", + "stirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend one's body or limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fart", + "break wind" + ], + "it": [ + "scoreggiare", + "scorreggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel intestinal gases through the anus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuffle", + "snivel" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare su col naso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snuff up mucus through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit", + "ptyalize", + "ptyalise", + "spew", + "spue" + ], + "it": [ + "sputacchiare", + "sputare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel or eject (saliva or phlegm or sputum) from the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splutter", + "sputter", + "spit out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spit up in an explosive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (one's toe) accidentally against an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harm" + ], + "it": [ + "danneggiare", + "nuocere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause or do harm to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salivate" + ], + "it": [ + "salivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce saliva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drivel", + "drool", + "slabber", + "slaver", + "slobber", + "dribble" + ], + "it": [ + "sbavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let saliva drivel from the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blush", + "crimson", + "flush", + "redden" + ], + "it": [ + "arrossire", + "avvampare", + "imporporarsi", + "vergognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pale", + "blanch", + "blench" + ], + "it": [ + "impallidire", + "sbiancare", + "sbiancare in viso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn pale, as if in fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pale or sickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tan", + "bronze" + ], + "it": [ + "abbronzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a tan, from wind or sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suntan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a tan from being exposed to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun", + "sunbathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose one's body to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunburn", + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalize", + "generalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become systemic and spread throughout the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metastasize", + "metastasise" + ], + "it": [ + "metastatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread throughout the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust", + "discharge", + "expel", + "eject", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "espellere", + "estromettere", + "mandare fuori", + "mandare via", + "spurgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate (a substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emit", + "breathe", + "pass off" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare", + "emettere", + "esalare", + "sprigionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel (gases or odors)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joke", + "jest" + ], + "it": [ + "celiare", + "scherzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a funny or teasing way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clown", + "clown around", + "antic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as or like a clown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ], + "it": [ + "sentirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be conscious of a physical, mental, or emotional state" + ], + "it": [ + "provare e manifestare un certo stato fisico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel like a million", + "feel like a million dollars" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in excellent health and spirits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel uncomfortable for lack of fresh air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress in a gown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaundice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with, or as if with, jaundice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a trivial or ineffective way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run down", + "run over" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotare", + "investire", + "travolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure or kill by running over, as with a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain (weight)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rouse somebody from sleep with a call" + ], + "it": [ + "provocare con la voce il risveglio di qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make as if" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin or appear to begin an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish or discontinue abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "fratturarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fracture a bone of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break (a bone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break (a bone) that was previously broken but mended in an abnormal way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fractured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have grow through the gums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proffer (a body part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat the body or any part of it by wrapping it, as with blankets or sheets, and applying compresses to it, or stuffing it to provide cover, containment, or therapy, or to absorb blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale audibly through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "froth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exude or expel foam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exude sweat or lather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass from one quality such as color to another by a slight degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary slightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become a gel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalize", + "brutalise", + "animalize", + "animalise" + ], + "it": [ + "abbruttirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become brutal or insensitive and unfeeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalize", + "brutalise", + "animalize", + "animalise" + ], + "it": [ + "brutalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brutal, unfeeling, or inhuman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caramelize", + "caramelise" + ], + "it": [ + "caramellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to caramel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rasterize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (an image) into pixels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caramelize", + "caramelise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be converted into caramel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in nature, purpose, or function; undergo a chemical change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ], + "it": [ + "commutare", + "convertire", + "trasformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the nature, purpose, or function of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (plant remains) into humus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbalize", + "verbalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creolize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop into a creole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novelize", + "novelise", + "fictionalize", + "fictionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into the form or the style of a novel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (metallic mercury) into a grey powder consisting of minute globules, as by shaking with chalk or fatty oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opalize", + "opalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replace or convert into opal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opalize", + "opalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make opalescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into sounds or pictures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert grain into malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into malt, become malt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay", + "remain", + "rest" + ], + "it": [ + "permanere", + "restare", + "rimanere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay the same; remain in a certain state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue" + ], + "it": [ + "protrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist over a prolonged period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep up", + "keep abreast", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep informed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit tight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain the same position; wait it out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become distinct and acquire a different character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speciate", + "differentiate", + "specialize", + "specialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become different during development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedifferentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose specialization in form or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutate" + ], + "it": [ + "mutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arterialize", + "arterialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change venous blood into arterial blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo reversion, as in a mutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "fare", + "essere", + "mettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give certain properties to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render" + ], + "it": [ + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become" + ], + "it": [ + "far diventare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "let", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "essere", + "fare", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have", + "experience" + ], + "it": [ + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternate", + "take turns" + ], + "it": [ + "alternarsi", + "avvicendarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something in turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take turns working" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternate", + "jump" + ], + "it": [ + "alternare", + "avvicendare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back and forth; swing back and forth between two states or conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interchange", + "tack", + "switch", + "alternate", + "flip", + "flip-flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterchange", + "transpose", + "interchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change places" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascularize", + "vascularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make vascular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrepitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to roast or calcine so as to cause to crackle or until crackling stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrepitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo decrepitation and crackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to become, or to cause to become, covered with a network of small cracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suburbanize", + "suburbanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make suburban in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suburbanize", + "suburbanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on suburban character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change", + "alter", + "vary" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare", + "mutare", + "variare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulate" + ], + "it": [ + "modulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary the frequency, amplitude, phase, or other characteristic of (electromagnetic waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avianize", + "avianise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to modify microorganisms by repeated culture in the developing chick embryo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimize", + "optimise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify to achieve maximum efficiency in storage capacity or time or cost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or proceed from one point to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or proceed as if by steps into a new situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move through text or graphics in order to display parts that do not fit on the screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "roll up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show certain properties when being rolled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the shape of a roll or cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaze", + "glass", + "glass over", + "glaze over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become glassy or take on a glass-like appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionize", + "revolutionise", + "overturn" + ], + "it": [ + "rivoluzionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change radically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "divenire", + "diventare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow bald; lose hair on one's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change", + "alter", + "modify" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare", + "modificare", + "mutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change; make different; cause a transformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensualize", + "sensualise", + "carnalize", + "carnalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "debase through carnal gratification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleach and alter the natural development of (a green plant) by excluding sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbarize", + "barbarise" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarbarire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make crude or savage in behavior or speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbarize", + "barbarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become crude or savage or barbaric in behavior or language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalinize", + "alkalinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a substance) alkaline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalinize", + "alkalinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become alkaline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythologize", + "mythologise", + "mythicize", + "mythicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a myth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegorize", + "allegorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into an allegory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demythologize", + "demythologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the mythical element from (writings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring", + "land" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into a different state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secularize", + "secularise" + ], + "it": [ + "laicizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make secular and draw away from a religious orientation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubberize", + "rubberise", + "rubber" + ], + "it": [ + "gommare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat or impregnate with rubber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less subtle or refined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anodize", + "anodise" + ], + "it": [ + "anodizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat a metal with an oxide coat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form a salt or ester of citric acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equilibrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a chemical stasis or equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "leave alone", + "leave behind" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affect", + "impact", + "bear upon", + "bear on", + "touch on", + "touch" + ], + "it": [ + "toccare", + "influire", + "riguardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an effect upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike a blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect adversely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repercuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause repercussions; have an unwanted effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce an effect or strain on somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an effect for good or ill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bacterize", + "bacterise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to the action of bacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change by reversal", + "turn", + "reverse" + ], + "it": [ + "ribaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change to the contrary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn the tables", + "turn the tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a complete reversal of the circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commutate" + ], + "it": [ + "commutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverse the direction of (an alternating electric current) each half cycle so as to produce a unidirectional current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alchemize", + "alchemise" + ], + "it": [ + "alchimizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter (elements) by alchemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholize", + "alcoholise" + ], + "it": [ + "alcolizzare", + "alcoolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make alcoholic, as by fermenting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholize", + "alcoholise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat or infuse with alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change integrity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in physical make-up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch over", + "switch", + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "commutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change shape", + "change form", + "deform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a different shape or form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give individual shape or form to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulate", + "grain" + ], + "it": [ + "granare", + "granire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become granular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ], + "it": [ + "annodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a knot or bow in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrace" + ], + "it": [ + "terrazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into terraces as for cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape like a fork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a constellation or cluster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape", + "form" + ], + "it": [ + "foggiare", + "plasmare", + "formare", + "fucinare", + "modellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give shape or form to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tabulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or cut with a flat surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or form to required dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape by rolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatten, stretch, or mold metal or glass, by rolling or by pulling it through a die or by stretching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form (an electric arc) between electrodes of an arc lamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallize", + "crystallise", + "crystalise", + "crystalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to take on a definite and clear shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into twists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise to, or form, a summit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "granulate", + "grain" + ], + "it": [ + "granare", + "granire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into grains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into slivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a ridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a plume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conglobate", + "conglobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a globular shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a form or shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "round out", + "round off" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotondare", + "smussare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make round" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "scollop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or cut in scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square", + "square up" + ], + "it": [ + "squadrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round off", + "round down", + "round out", + "round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express as a round number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract one's lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract one's lips into a rounded shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pooch", + "pooch out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round one's lips as if intending to kiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change state", + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a transformation or a change of position or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass suddenly and passively into a state of body or mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or sink into a state of exhaustion or death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall off", + "fall away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish in size or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall in love" + ], + "it": [ + "innamorarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to experience feelings of love towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be held in suspension in a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resuspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put back into suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sober up", + "sober" + ], + "it": [ + "far passare la sbornia a", + "smaltire la sbornia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become sober after excessive alcohol consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sober up", + "sober" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more realistic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sober" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become sober" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "become", + "go", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "divenire", + "diventare", + "farsi", + "resultare", + "risultare", + "essere", + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter or assume a certain state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjust", + "conform", + "adapt" + ], + "it": [ + "adattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow", + "conform to" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in accordance or in agreement with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or act in accordance with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readjust", + "readapt" + ], + "it": [ + "reinserirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust in size relative to other things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconstruct" + ], + "it": [ + "ricostruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause somebody to adapt or reform socially or politically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readapt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "diminish", + "lessen", + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescere", + "diminuire", + "rimpiccolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease in size, extent, or range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink", + "shrivel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease in size, range, or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper" + ], + "it": [ + "ridursi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or diminish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanish", + "fly", + "vaporize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease rapidly and disappear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase" + ], + "it": [ + "accrescere", + "aumentare", + "incrementare", + "ingrossare", + "potenziare", + "rincarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bigger or more" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the incidence or severity of or stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend", + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in quantity or bulk by adding a cheaper substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarge or increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarge, develop, or increase by degrees or in stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlarge" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare", + "ingrandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "go up", + "climb" + ], + "it": [ + "alzarsi", + "aumentare", + "crescere", + "rincarare", + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in value or to a higher point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or move upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "jump", + "climb up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise in rank or status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un salto", + "rincarare", + "aumentare di colpo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase suddenly and significantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accrue" + ], + "it": [ + "accumularsi", + "maturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow by addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contribute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance in price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease up", + "ease off", + "let up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce pressure or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease up", + "ease off", + "slacken off", + "flag" + ], + "it": [ + "attutirsi", + "languire", + "mitigarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "increase" + ], + "it": [ + "accrescersi", + "crescere", + "ingrossarsi", + "moltiplicarsi", + "aumentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become bigger or greater in amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifest a sharp increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an increased effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gain", + "gather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode", + "irrupt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase rapidly and in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlarge" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrandirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become larger or bigger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow or intensify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase rapidly and progressively step by step on a broad base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "gain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise in rate or price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere a vista d'occhio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or accumulate at a rapidly accelerating rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "rincarare", + "aumentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise the level or amount of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bump up" + ], + "it": [ + "aumentare", + "rincarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accumulate", + "cumulate", + "conglomerate", + "pile up", + "gather", + "amass" + ], + "it": [ + "accumularsi", + "ammassare", + "ammassarsi", + "ammucchiarsi", + "conglomerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect or gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backlog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate and create a backlog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accrete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow or become attached by accretion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pile up (debts or scores)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become similar to one's environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acculturate" + ], + "it": [ + "acculturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assimilate culturally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detribalize", + "detribalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause members of a tribe to lose their cultural identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become similar in sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dissimilar or less similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dissimilar; cause to become less similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dissimilar by changing the sound qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change", + "exchange", + "commute", + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into direct current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utilize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (from an investment trust to a unit trust)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commute", + "convert", + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "commutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange a penalty for a less severe one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (a company's reserve funds) into capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcapitalize", + "overcapitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capitalize beyond what the business or the profit-making prospects warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause transduction (of energy forms)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replace" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiazzare", + "sostituire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or replace the coverings of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refurbish", + "renovate", + "freshen up" + ], + "it": [ + "rinnovare", + "rimettere a nuovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brighter and prettier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renovate so as to make it conform to middle-class aspirations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to patch up or renovate; repair or restore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retread", + "remold", + "remould" + ], + "it": [ + "rigenerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give new treads to (a tire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renovate", + "restitute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore to a previous or better condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refresh", + "freshen" + ], + "it": [ + "rinfrescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (to feel) fresh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revitalize", + "revitalise" + ], + "it": [ + "rivitalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give new life or vigor to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalize", + "vitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more lively or vigorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitalize", + "vitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give life to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruggedize", + "ruggedise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce in a version designed to withstand rough usage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidate" + ], + "it": [ + "consolidare", + "rafforzare", + "rinsaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make firm or secure; strengthen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or form into a solid or hardened mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidate" + ], + "it": [ + "consolidarsi", + "rassodarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a solid mass or whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make resistant (to harm)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make safe against bombings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bulletproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "child-proof", + "childproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make safe against children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goofproof", + "goof-proof", + "foolproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proof against human misuse or error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fireproof" + ], + "it": [ + "ignifugare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make resistant to fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weatherproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make resistant to bad weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devitalize", + "devitalise" + ], + "it": [ + "indebolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sap of life or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eviscerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away a vital or essential part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "indebolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undermine or cause to waver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or produce anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnate", + "renew" + ], + "it": [ + "reincarnare", + "rincarnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear in a new form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be formed or shaped anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform", + "straighten out", + "see the light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change for the better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see one's performance improve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate" + ], + "it": [ + "rigenerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replace (tissue or a body part) through the formation of new tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate", + "restore", + "rejuvenate" + ], + "it": [ + "rigenerare", + "ritemperare", + "ritemprare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to life; get or give new life or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revive", + "resurrect" + ], + "it": [ + "ripristinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore from a depressed, inactive, or unused state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revive (a cancelled will or a libel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revive" + ], + "it": [ + "riaccendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be brought back to life, consciousness, or strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change clothes; put on different clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change magnitude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in size or magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modify" + ], + "it": [ + "modificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less severe or harsh or extreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attemper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify the temperature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncopate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify the rhythm by stressing or accenting a weak beat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "update" + ], + "it": [ + "ammodernare", + "rimodernare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modernize or bring up to date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "update" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to the latest state of technology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soup up", + "hop up", + "hot up" + ], + "it": [ + "truccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more powerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modify", + "qualify" + ], + "it": [ + "qualificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add a modifier to a constituent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add cream to one's coffee, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust the pitch, tone, or volume of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make better or improve in quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build up", + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the use of and make available or usable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redevelop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the plans for the use of (land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round out", + "fill out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bigger or better or more complete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "optimize", + "optimise" + ], + "it": [ + "ottimalizzare", + "ottimare", + "ottimizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make optimal; get the most out of; use best" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprive", + "impoverish" + ], + "it": [ + "privare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disestablish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive (an established church) of its status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke", + "throttle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the air supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remove", + "take", + "take away", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "estirpare", + "levare", + "stirpare", + "togliere", + "eliminare", + "rimuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harvest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a culture or a living or dead body, as for the purposes of transplantation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the tip from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the stem from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extirpate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgically remove (an organ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enucleate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (a tumor or eye) from an enveloping sac or cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exenterate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the contents of (an organ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enucleate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the nucleus from (a cell)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the cortex of (an organ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (water) from a vessel with a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty (a vessel) by bailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip", + "undress", + "divest", + "disinvest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (someone's or one's own) clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablate" + ], + "it": [ + "asportare", + "rimuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove an organ or bodily structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "pulire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove unwanted substances from, such as feathers or pits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove shells or husks from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winnow" + ], + "it": [ + "mondare", + "ventilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow away or off with a current of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove in small bits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear", + "clear up" + ], + "it": [ + "schiarirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free (the throat) by making a rasping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove muck, clear away muck, as in a mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off or away by decreasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a seedbed or from a nursery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear away", + "tear off" + ], + "it": [ + "staccare", + "strappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rip off violently and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off" + ], + "it": [ + "levare", + "togliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncloak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a cloak from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take away", + "take out" + ], + "it": [ + "rimuovere", + "togliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "stone" + ], + "it": [ + "snocciolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the pits from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "togliere i semi a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the seeds from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhinge" + ], + "it": [ + "scardinare", + "sgangherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the hinges from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the shucks from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the hulls from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove crumbs from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip away", + "chip away at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or withdraw gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burl" + ], + "it": [ + "slappolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the burls from cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or break forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove used dishes from the table in restaurants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scavenge", + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove unwanted substances from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypophysectomize", + "hypophysectomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the pituitary glands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degas" + ], + "it": [ + "degassare", + "degassificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove gas from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "husk", + "shell" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "scartocciare", + "sbucciare", + "sgranare", + "sgusciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the husks from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bur", + "burr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the burrs from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear off", + "clear away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclutter", + "clear" + ], + "it": [ + "disintasare", + "disotturare", + "liberare", + "sbarazzare", + "sgomberare", + "sgombrare", + "spurgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rid of obstructions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clutter", + "clutter up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarazzare", + "ingombrare", + "occupare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill a space in a disorderly way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog", + "overload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to excess so that function is impaired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill as much as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gild the lily", + "paint the lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unnecessary additions to what is already complete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach or add" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add by mixing or blending on or attaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "include" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere", + "includere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add as part of something else; put in as part of a set, group, or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix", + "mix in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add as an additional element or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add an enlivening or altering element to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add to something existing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce the butyl group into a chemical compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add to the odometer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodize", + "iodise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with iodine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrate" + ], + "it": [ + "nitrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat in a tank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygenate", + "oxygenize", + "oxygenise", + "aerate" + ], + "it": [ + "ossigenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnate, combine, or supply with oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mercerize", + "mercerise" + ], + "it": [ + "mercerizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat to strengthen and improve the luster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strengthen by providing with a back or backing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with malt or malt extract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoridate", + "fluoridize", + "fluoridise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to fluoridation; treat with fluoride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creosote" + ], + "it": [ + "dare il creosoto a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with creosote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chlorinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat or combine with chlorine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with carbon dioxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camphorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with camphor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromate", + "brominate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with bromine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammoniate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with ammonia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to introduce (a new aspect or element)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a welt on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insert", + "enclose", + "inclose", + "stick in", + "put in", + "introduce" + ], + "it": [ + "infilare", + "innestare", + "inserire", + "introdurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert as a plug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert a plug into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculate" + ], + "it": [ + "iniettare", + "inoculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce a microorganism into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inoculate with microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or place in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a glass container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catheterize", + "catheterise" + ], + "it": [ + "cateterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert a catheter into (a body part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launder" + ], + "it": [ + "riciclare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert illegally obtained funds into legal ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersperse", + "interlard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce one's writing or speech with certain expressions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interleave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intersperse alternately, as of protective covers for book illustrations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed", + "feed in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce continuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert inconspicuously or quickly or quietly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert surreptitiously or without warrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercalate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert (days) in a calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuate", + "mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert punctuation marks into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concatenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add by linking or joining so as to form a chain or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "string up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add as if on a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove with a flick (of the hand)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make active or more active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (substances) radioactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activate", + "aerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aerate (sewage) so as to favor the growth of organisms that decompose organic matter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "biodegrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down naturally through the action of biological agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "activate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more adsorptive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inactivate", + "deactivate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make inactive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deactivate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from active military status or reassign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reactivate" + ], + "it": [ + "riattivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activate (an old file) anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaden", + "blunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less lively, intense, or vigorous; impair in vigor, force, activity, or sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the edge or violence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petrify" + ], + "it": [ + "impietrire", + "pietrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become stonelike or stiff or dazed and stunned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz up", + "juice up", + "pep up", + "ginger up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more interesting or lively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enliven", + "liven", + "liven up", + "invigorate", + "animate" + ], + "it": [ + "animare", + "animarsi", + "movimentare", + "vivacizzare", + "vivacizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make lively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit", + "spirit up", + "inspirit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infuse with spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become lifeless, less lively, intense, or active; lose life, force, or vigor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound", + "combine" + ], + "it": [ + "combinare", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or add together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totalize", + "totalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a total" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to combine or put together again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw the last milk (of cows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ], + "it": [ + "mungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take milk from female mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add milk to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip", + "dismantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a constituent from a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ], + "it": [ + "spanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the thread (of screws)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denude", + "bare", + "denudate", + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay bare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear-cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove all the trees at one time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove tree stumps from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ], + "it": [ + "liberare", + "pulire", + "sgomberare", + "sgombrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a way or path by removing objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defoliate" + ], + "it": [ + "diboscare", + "disboscare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip the leaves or branches from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deforest", + "disforest", + "disafforest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the trees from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear land of its vegetation by burning it off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare", + "scottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn with heat, fire, or radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage by frost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scald" + ], + "it": [ + "scottare", + "ustionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn with a hot liquid or steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the claws from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the fangs from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the horns off (an animal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy undeveloped horn buds (of cattle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bone", + "debone" + ], + "it": [ + "disossare", + "spinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the bones from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disembowel", + "eviscerate", + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "sbudellare", + "sventrare", + "sviscerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the entrails of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from its shell or outer covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the shell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take something out of its shell or pod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tusk", + "detusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the tusks of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent the growth of horns of certain animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalp" + ], + "it": [ + "scotennare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the scalp of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (hair) by scalping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less fast or intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mitigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less severe or harsh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relieve", + "lighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alleviate or remove (pressure or stress) or make less oppressive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualify", + "restrict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more specific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remodel", + "reconstruct", + "redo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do over, as of (part of) a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correct", + "rectify", + "right" + ], + "it": [ + "correggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make right or correct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectify", + "remediate", + "remedy", + "repair", + "amend" + ], + "it": [ + "rettificare", + "rimediare", + "riparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set straight or right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debug" + ], + "it": [ + "debuggare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate and correct errors in a computer program code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edit", + "redact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for publication or presentation by correcting, revising, or adapting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edit", + "blue-pencil", + "delete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or eliminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowdlerize", + "bowdlerise", + "expurgate", + "castrate", + "shorten" + ], + "it": [ + "espurgare", + "purgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpolate", + "alter", + "falsify" + ], + "it": [ + "inserire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert words into texts, often falsifying it thereby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "cut up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "significantly cut up a manuscript" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edit", + "cut", + "edit out" + ], + "it": [ + "montare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut and assemble the components of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suppress by censorship as for political reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut out, as for political reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "falsify knowingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tame", + "chasten", + "subdue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correct by punishment or discipline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break in", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "domare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make submissive, obedient, or useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be broken in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasten", + "moderate", + "temper" + ], + "it": [ + "moderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrupt", + "spoil" + ], + "it": [ + "alterare", + "corrompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter from the original" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervert", + "misuse", + "abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the inherent purpose or function of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use wrongly or improperly or excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violate or abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worsen", + "decline" + ], + "it": [ + "acuirsi", + "peggiorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer a sudden downfall, overthrow, or defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "drop off", + "drop away", + "fall away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapse", + "backslide" + ], + "it": [ + "decadere", + "degenerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop to a lower level, as in one's morals or standards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer", + "lose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be set at a disadvantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better", + "improve", + "ameliorate", + "meliorate" + ], + "it": [ + "acquistare", + "migliorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn around", + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve significantly; go from bad to good" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brisk", + "brisk up", + "brisken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become brisk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better", + "improve", + "amend", + "ameliorate", + "meliorate" + ], + "it": [ + "migliorare", + "valorizzare", + "apportare migliorie a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve dramatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve; change for the better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ], + "it": [ + "migliorare la qualità di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to improve what was old or outdated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a better state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recondition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into an improved condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degrade", + "cheapen" + ], + "it": [ + "sminuire", + "svalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower the grade of something; reduce its worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emend" + ], + "it": [ + "emendare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make improvements or corrections to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron out", + "straighten out", + "put right" + ], + "it": [ + "appianare", + "sanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle or put right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worsen", + "aggravate", + "exacerbate", + "exasperate" + ], + "it": [ + "acuire", + "aggravare", + "esacerbare", + "esasperare", + "esulcerare", + "inacerbire", + "inasprire", + "peggiorare", + "rincrudire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make worse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deteriorate" + ], + "it": [ + "imbastardirsi", + "incrinarsi", + "indebolirsi", + "tralignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become worse or disintegrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go to pot", + "go to the dogs" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become ruined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay", + "crumble", + "dilapidate" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in rovina", + "cadere", + "crollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall into decay or ruin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompose", + "break up", + "break down" + ], + "it": [ + "scomporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soften or disintegrate by means of chemical action, heat, or moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to undergo a reversible or temporary breakdown of a molecule into simpler molecules or atoms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompose", + "rot", + "molder", + "moulder" + ], + "it": [ + "decomporsi", + "imputridire", + "infradiciare", + "infradiciarsi", + "marcire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suspend (meat) in order to get a gamey taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoil", + "go bad" + ], + "it": [ + "alterarsi", + "avariarsi", + "deteriorarsi", + "guastarsi", + "marcire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become unfit for consumption or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become affected with smut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become rotten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold", + "mildew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become moldy; spoil due to humidity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-rot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect or be affected with dry rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exsiccate", + "dehydrate", + "dry up", + "desiccate" + ], + "it": [ + "disidratarsi", + "essiccarsi", + "inaridirsi", + "insecchire", + "insecchirsi", + "prosciugarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose water or moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydrate", + "desiccate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove water from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put clothes in a tumbling barrel, where they are whirled about in hot air, usually with the purpose of drying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze-dry" + ], + "it": [ + "liofilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve by rapid freezing and subsequently drying in a vacuum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyophilize", + "lyophilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to dry (blood, serum, or tissue) by freezing in a high vacuum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserve", + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent (food) from rotting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydrate", + "desiccate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve by removing all water and liquids from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare (a metal) for soldering or brazing by applying a thin layer of solder to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pickle" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere sott'aceto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve in a pickling liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt" + ], + "it": [ + "salare", + "conservare sotto sale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve with salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marinade", + "marinate" + ], + "it": [ + "marinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soak in marinade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steep in hot water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "can", + "tin", + "put up" + ], + "it": [ + "inscatolare", + "PSEUDOGAP!", + "sapere", + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve in a can or tin" + ], + "it": [ + "avere la capacità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be hydrated; add water or moisture to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become hydrated and combine with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply water or liquid to in order to maintain a healthy balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack", + "slake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to heat and crumble by treatment with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-slake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter by exposure to air with conversion at least in part to a carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wet" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with drops of dew or as with dew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin-dry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry (clothes) by spinning and making use of centrifugal forces" + ], + "it": [ + "strizzare con la centrifuga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble dry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry by spinning with hot air inside a cylinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray-dry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry by bringing into the form of a spray, through contact with a hot gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humidify", + "moisturize", + "moisturise" + ], + "it": [ + "umidificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (more) humid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehumidify" + ], + "it": [ + "deumidificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less humid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drench", + "douse", + "dowse", + "soak", + "sop", + "souse" + ], + "it": [ + "infradiciare", + "inzuppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with liquid; pour liquid onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brine" + ], + "it": [ + "salare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soak in brine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedraggle", + "draggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wet and dirty, as from rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soak in a special solution to soften and remove chemicals used in previous treatments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (flax, hemp, or jute) in liquid so as to promote loosening of the fibers from the woody tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood" + ], + "it": [ + "allagare", + "inondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with liquid, usually water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow" + ], + "it": [ + "allagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or swamp with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lave", + "lap", + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash or flow against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inundate", + "deluge", + "submerge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or cover completely, usually with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moisten", + "wash", + "dampen" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare", + "inumidire", + "umettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make moist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moisten or soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parch", + "sear" + ], + "it": [ + "diseccare", + "disseccare", + "inaridire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to wither or parch from exposure to heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry", + "dry out" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugare", + "disidratare", + "essicare", + "essiccare", + "seccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the moisture from and make dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-dry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry without smoothing or ironing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make slippery or smooth through the application of a lubricant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow-dry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "asciugare con il phon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry hair with a hair dryer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip-dry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry by hanging up wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry", + "dry out" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugare", + "asciugarsi", + "essicare", + "essiccare", + "essiccarsi", + "seccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dry or drier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become scorched or singed under intense heat or dry conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become rigid or immoveable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlock" + ], + "it": [ + "aprirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become unlocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get caught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disengage" + ], + "it": [ + "disinnestarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strengthen" + ], + "it": [ + "irrobustirsi", + "rafforzarsi", + "rassodarsi", + "rinforzarsi", + "rinvigorirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attenuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become weaker, in strength, value, or magnitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strengthen", + "beef up", + "fortify" + ], + "it": [ + "assodare", + "consolidare", + "corroborare", + "fortificare", + "ingagliardire", + "invigorire", + "irrobustire", + "rafforzare", + "rassodare", + "rinforzare", + "rinvigorire", + "temprare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make strong or stronger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solidify, firm, or strengthen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrengthen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make strong again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergird", + "brace up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make secure underneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirm" + ], + "it": [ + "rafforzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbag" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect or strengthen with sandbags; stop up" + ], + "it": [ + "proteggere con sacchetti di sabbia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike", + "lace", + "fortify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add alcohol to (beverages)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortify" + ], + "it": [ + "arricchire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add nutrients to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinforce", + "reenforce" + ], + "it": [ + "blindare", + "consolidare", + "rafforzare", + "rinforzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make stronger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make stronger or defensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buttress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reinforce with a buttress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "foderare", + "ricoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reinforce with fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back", + "back up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish as valid or genuine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give supporting evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolster", + "bolster up" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support and strengthen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become weaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melt", + "disappear", + "evaporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less intense and fade away gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die down" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolirsi", + "attenuarsi", + "attutirsi", + "morire", + "placarsi", + "smorzarsi", + "spegnersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become progressively weaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer spiritual death; be damned (in the religious sense)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose significance, effectiveness, or value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fade", + "melt" + ], + "it": [ + "morire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less clearly visible or distinguishable; disappear gradually or seemingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaken" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolire", + "fiaccare", + "illanguidire", + "indebolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the strength of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the activity or force of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a brace or braces from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etiolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make weak by stunting the growth or development of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cripple", + "stultify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of strength or efficiency; make useless or worthless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilute", + "thin", + "thin out", + "reduce", + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare", + "annacquare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarefy", + "attenuate" + ], + "it": [ + "rarefare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaken the consistency of (a chemical substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensify", + "deepen" + ], + "it": [ + "farsi più intenso", + "intensificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop and grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redouble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make twice as great or intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensify", + "compound", + "heighten", + "deepen" + ], + "it": [ + "intensificare", + "rafforzare", + "diventare più intenso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more intense, stronger, or more marked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat up", + "hot up", + "screw up" + ], + "it": [ + "scaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (an emotion) fiercer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less sharp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with blood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water", + "irrigate" + ], + "it": [ + "adacquare", + "irrigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with water, as with channels or ditches or streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hose", + "hose down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "water with a hose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle", + "sparge", + "besprinkle" + ], + "it": [ + "irrorare", + "spruzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter with liquid; wet lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonshine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distill (alcohol) illegally; produce moonshine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distill", + "distil" + ], + "it": [ + "distillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo the process of distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distill", + "extract", + "distil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract by the process of distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enhance", + "heighten", + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "acuire", + "aumentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the effect of or act synergistically with (a drug or a physiological or biochemical phenomenon)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enhance" + ], + "it": [ + "valorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make better or more attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the effectiveness or success of by further action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch up", + "retouch" + ], + "it": [ + "ritoccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter so as to produce a more desirable appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "allargarsi", + "ampliarsi", + "crescere", + "estendersi", + "ingrandirsi", + "svilupparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow or spread abnormally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ], + "it": [ + "svilupparsi rapidamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow and spread fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in size by natural process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow below something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow by producing or unfolding leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow like a plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce vegetation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish vegetation on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgrow", + "grow over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow beyond or across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become overgrown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subside", + "lessen" + ], + "it": [ + "mitigarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear off or die down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pare", + "pare down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease gradually or bit by bit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "tighten" + ], + "it": [ + "calmierare", + "regolamentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrow or limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrict", + "restrain", + "trammel", + "limit", + "bound", + "confine", + "throttle" + ], + "it": [ + "arginare", + "contenere", + "dominare", + "frenare", + "limitare", + "reprimere", + "tenere sotto controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place limits on (extent or access)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expand in the form of a series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limit or restrict to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict (school boys') movement to the dormitory or campus as a means of punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw the line", + "draw a line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reasonably object (to) or set a limit (on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark off", + "mark out" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrivere", + "tracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set boundaries to and delimit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "harness", + "rein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baffle", + "regulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check the emission of (sound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue or extend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limit", + "circumscribe", + "confine" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrivere", + "limitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict or confine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number", + "keep down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place a limit on the number of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict the number or amount of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamper", + "halter", + "cramp", + "strangle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarazzare", + "impacciare", + "impedire", + "impicciare", + "intralciare", + "ostacolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent the progress or free movement of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrict", + "curtail", + "curb", + "cut back" + ], + "it": [ + "ridurre", + "limitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place restrictions on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen, diminish, or curtail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "boil down", + "concentrate" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook until very little liquid is left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil down", + "reduce", + "decoct", + "concentrate" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cooked until very little liquid is left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make denser, stronger, or purer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "come down", + "boil down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the essential element" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxidize", + "deoxidise", + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benficiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a reduction process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into simpler molecules by means of heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce (petroleum) to a simpler compound by cracking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catabolize", + "catabolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to catabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidize", + "oxidise", + "oxidate" + ], + "it": [ + "ossidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add oxygen to or combine with oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxidise", + "oxidize", + "oxidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a combination with oxygen or become converted into an oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become coated with oxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach full flavor by absorbing air and being let to stand after having been uncorked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deoxidize molten metals by stirring them with a wooden pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "scale down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow up", + "enlarge", + "magnify" + ], + "it": [ + "ingigantire", + "ingrandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink", + "contract" + ], + "it": [ + "restringersi", + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become smaller or draw together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ], + "it": [ + "allungarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become longer by being stretched and pulled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink", + "reduce" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce in size; reduce physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce (a sail) by taking in a reef" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniaturize", + "miniaturise" + ], + "it": [ + "miniaturizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "design or construct on a smaller scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrivel", + "shrivel up", + "shrink", + "wither" + ], + "it": [ + "appassire", + "avvizzire", + "ingiallire", + "insecchire", + "insecchirsi", + "rinsecchire", + "seccarsi", + "sfiorire", + "spampanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wither, as with a loss of moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shrivel or wither or mature imperfectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die back", + "die down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer from a disease that kills shoots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummify", + "dry up" + ], + "it": [ + "inaridirsi", + "mummificarsi", + "seccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry up and shrivel due to complete loss of moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ], + "it": [ + "semplificare", + "ridurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less complex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite into one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consolidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring together into a single whole or system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weld" + ], + "it": [ + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite closely or intimately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unite", + "unify", + "merge" + ], + "it": [ + "combinare", + "fondere", + "unificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join or combine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consubstantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite in one common substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consubstantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become united in substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abbreviate" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shorten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abridge", + "foreshorten", + "abbreviate", + "shorten", + "cut", + "contract", + "reduce" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce in scope while retaining essential elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreshorten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shorten lines in a drawing so as to create an illusion of depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encapsulate", + "capsule", + "capsulize", + "capsulise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a short or concise form; reduce in volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest", + "condense", + "concentrate" + ], + "it": [ + "condensare", + "stringare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more concise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make smaller or shorter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abate", + "let up", + "slack off", + "slack", + "die away" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolirsi", + "attenuarsi", + "diminuire", + "scemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less in amount or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slake", + "abate", + "slack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less active or intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow or develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow in a special preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant or grow in a fixed cyclic order of succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow as twins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double", + "duplicate" + ], + "it": [ + "raddoppiare", + "raddoppiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase twofold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redouble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "double again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or combine in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple", + "treble" + ], + "it": [ + "triplicare", + "triplicarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase threefold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pullulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become abundant; increase rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase fourfold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quintuple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase fivefold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiply", + "manifold" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine or increase by multiplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make multiple copies of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proliferate" + ], + "it": [ + "proliferare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow or increase rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "senesce", + "age", + "get on", + "mature", + "maturate" + ], + "it": [ + "invecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow old or older" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become officially one year older" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age" + ], + "it": [ + "invecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to seem older; get older" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "progress", + "come on", + "come along", + "advance", + "get on", + "get along", + "shape up" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare", + "progredire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop in a positive way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve one's social status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leapfrog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "progress by large jumps instead of small increments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regress", + "retrograde", + "retrogress" + ], + "it": [ + "regredire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get worse or fall back to a previous condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossilize", + "fossilise" + ], + "it": [ + "fossilizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become mentally inflexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "age" + ], + "it": [ + "invecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make older" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripen" + ], + "it": [ + "maturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow ripe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripen", + "mature" + ], + "it": [ + "maturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to ripen or develop fully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mature", + "maturate", + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere", + "maturare", + "maturarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop and reach maturity; undergo maturation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become attached by or as if by the process of growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find oneself", + "find" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make younger or more youthful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evolve" + ], + "it": [ + "evolversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo development or evolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work out", + "work up" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaborate", + "work out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work out in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derive", + "educe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop or evolve from a latent or potential state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derive" + ], + "it": [ + "derivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adolesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become adolescent; pass through adolescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build up", + "work up", + "build", + "progress" + ], + "it": [ + "costruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or accumulate steadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build up", + "work up", + "build", + "ramp up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bolster or strengthen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antique", + "antiquate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an antique appearance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antiquate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make obsolete or old-fashioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop", + "make grow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incubate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow under conditions that promote development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellow" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcirsi", + "raddolcirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or grow (more) mellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellow", + "melt", + "mellow out" + ], + "it": [ + "maturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more relaxed, easygoing, or genial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mellow" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcire", + "raddolcire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soften, make mellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soften" + ], + "it": [ + "ammorbidirsi", + "rammollirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become soft or softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encrust", + "incrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a crust or a hard layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effloresce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become encrusted with crystals due to evaporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soften" + ], + "it": [ + "ammorbidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make soft or softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face-harden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harden steel by adding carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a callus or calluses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a callus to form on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mollify" + ], + "it": [ + "rammollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less rigid or softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon", + "inflate", + "billow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become inflated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become inflated again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i22999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulge", + "bulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to bulge or swell outwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell", + "swell up", + "intumesce", + "tumefy", + "tumesce" + ], + "it": [ + "inturgidire", + "inturgidirsi", + "tumefarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expand abnormally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swell from or as if from internal pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to expand as it by internal pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expand" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere", + "espandersi", + "estendersi", + "ingrossarsi", + "svilupparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become larger in size or volume or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly", + "belly out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swell out or bulge out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become swollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumefy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become very swollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge", + "take in water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in water at the bilge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak" + ], + "it": [ + "colare", + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an opening that allows light or substances to enter or go out" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciar fuoriuscire qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crack; of the male voice in puberty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to leak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "rompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render inoperable or ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage" + ], + "it": [ + "compromettere", + "danneggiare", + "deteriorare", + "ledere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflict damage upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage beyond the point of repair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage (plant tissue) by abrasion or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturb" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage as if by shaking or jarring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afflict", + "smite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause physical pain or suffering in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devastate" + ], + "it": [ + "devastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm or overpower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurt", + "injure" + ], + "it": [ + "danneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause damage or affect negatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repair", + "mend", + "fix", + "bushel", + "doctor", + "furbish up", + "restore", + "touch on" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodare", + "aggiustare", + "raccomodare", + "racconciare", + "riparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinker", + "fiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to fix or mend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill" + ], + "it": [ + "impiombare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plug with a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece", + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repair by adding pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repair or mend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point", + "repoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repair the joints of bricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhaul", + "modernize", + "modernise" + ], + "it": [ + "revisionare", + "riesaminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make repairs, renovations, revisions or adjustments to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substitute new or modernized parts or equipment for older ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble-shoot", + "troubleshoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solve problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch", + "patch up" + ], + "it": [ + "arrocchiare", + "rabberciare", + "raffazzonare", + "rappezzare", + "rattoppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mend by putting a patch on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impair" + ], + "it": [ + "incrinare", + "logorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make worse or less effective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaw", + "blemish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add a flaw or blemish to; make imperfect or defective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulge", + "pouch", + "protrude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swell or protrude outwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make concave; shape like a dish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick out or up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "puff up", + "blow up", + "puff out" + ], + "it": [ + "gonfiarsi", + "ingrossare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to swell or cause to enlarge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amplify" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the volume of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflate", + "blow up" + ], + "it": [ + "gonfiare", + "pompare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with gas or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflate again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflate", + "blow up", + "expand", + "amplify" + ], + "it": [ + "gonfiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerate or make bigger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make larger or distend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate" + ], + "it": [ + "afflosciarsi", + "sgonfiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become deflated or flaccid, as by losing air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acidify", + "acetify" + ], + "it": [ + "acidificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn acidic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alkalize", + "alkalise", + "alkalify", + "basify" + ], + "it": [ + "alcalinizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn basic and less acidic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ], + "it": [ + "riformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve by alteration or correction of errors or defects and put into a better condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up the molecules of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce by cracking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymerize", + "polymerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo polymerization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copolymerize", + "copolymerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polymerize together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polymerize", + "polymerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a compound) to polymerize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionize", + "ionise" + ], + "it": [ + "ionizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionize", + "ionise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become converted into ions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossify" + ], + "it": [ + "ossificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become bony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ossify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become hard and bony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalyze", + "catalyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change by catalysis or cause to catalyze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwindle", + "dwindle away", + "dwindle down" + ], + "it": [ + "assottigliarsi", + "consumarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become smaller or lose substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn down", + "lower", + "lour" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make lower or quieter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get well", + "get over", + "bounce back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve in health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get worse", + "relapse" + ], + "it": [ + "aggravarsi", + "peggiorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deteriorate in health" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish or abate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralyze", + "paralyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be paralyzed and immobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with palsy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paralyze", + "paralyse" + ], + "it": [ + "paralizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make powerless and unable to function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stun", + "stupefy" + ], + "it": [ + "intontire", + "istupidire", + "stordire", + "tramortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make senseless or dizzy by or as if by a blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be unable to move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "block", + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare", + "congelare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prohibit the conversion or use of (assets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unblock", + "unfreeze", + "free", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "sbloccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (assets) available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ], + "it": [ + "immobilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (assets) into fixed capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobilize", + "mobilise", + "circulate" + ], + "it": [ + "far circolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobilize", + "mobilise", + "marshal", + "summon" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ready for action or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acerbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sour or bitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mend", + "heal" + ], + "it": [ + "guarire", + "guerire", + "rimettersi a posto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heal or recover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluctuate" + ], + "it": [ + "fluttuare", + "oscillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unstable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilize", + "stabilise" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make stable and keep from fluctuating or put into an equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stabilize (the price of a commodity or an exchange rate) by legislation or market operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make steady with a ballast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steady or support with a guy wire or cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destabilize", + "destabilise" + ], + "it": [ + "destabilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unstable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stabilize", + "stabilise" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become stable or more stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destabilize", + "destabilise" + ], + "it": [ + "destabilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become unstable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitize", + "sensitise", + "sensify", + "sensibilize", + "sensibilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sensitive or aware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desensitize", + "desensitise" + ], + "it": [ + "desensibilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make insensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inure", + "harden", + "indurate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "callous", + "cauterize", + "cauterise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make insensitive or callous; deaden feelings or morals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel oneself against", + "steel onself for", + "brace oneself for", + "prepare for" + ], + "it": [ + "preparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare mentally or emotionally for something unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habituate", + "accustom" + ], + "it": [ + "accostumare", + "avvezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make psychologically or physically used (to something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teach" + ], + "it": [ + "addestrare", + "ammaestrare", + "insegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accustom gradually to some action or attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrode", + "rust" + ], + "it": [ + "arrugginire", + "arrugginirsi", + "corrodersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become destroyed by water, air, or a corrosive such as an acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrode", + "eat", + "rust" + ], + "it": [ + "arrugginire", + "corrodere", + "intaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret", + "eat away" + ], + "it": [ + "intaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear away or erode" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erode", + "eat away", + "fret" + ], + "it": [ + "corrodere", + "dilavare", + "erodere", + "rodere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove soil or rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change under the action or influence of the weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erode", + "gnaw", + "gnaw at", + "eat at", + "wear away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become ground down or deteriorate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ablate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear away through erosion or vaporization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regularize", + "regularise" + ], + "it": [ + "regolarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make regular or more regular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tidy", + "tidy up", + "clean up", + "neaten", + "straighten", + "straighten out", + "square away" + ], + "it": [ + "ordinare", + "rassettare", + "riordinare", + "sistemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (things or places) in order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "make up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in order or neaten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess", + "mess up" + ], + "it": [ + "disordinare", + "incasinare", + "scombinare", + "scompigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a mess of or create disorder in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorder", + "disarray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring disorder to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturb", + "derange", + "throw out of kilter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw into great confusion or disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a certain order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predate", + "antedate", + "foredate" + ], + "it": [ + "retrodatare", + "antidatare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish something as being earlier relative to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postdate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish something as being later relative to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronologize", + "chronologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish the order in time of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring order to or into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make straight or straighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarrange" + ], + "it": [ + "disordinare", + "scompaginare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb the arrangement of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a new order or arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a different code; rearrange mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshuffle" + ], + "it": [ + "rimaneggiare", + "rimpastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reorganize and assign posts to different people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "randomize", + "randomise" + ], + "it": [ + "randomizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in random order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serialize", + "serialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange serially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabetize", + "alphabetise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "mettere in ordine alfabetico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in alphabetical order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleach" + ], + "it": [ + "candeggiare", + "scolorire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make whiter or lighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peroxide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bleach with peroxide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleach", + "bleach out", + "decolor", + "decolour", + "decolorize", + "decolourize", + "decolorise", + "decolourise", + "discolorize", + "discolourise", + "discolorise" + ], + "it": [ + "decolorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove color from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose color in the process of being washed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiten", + "white" + ], + "it": [ + "imbiancare", + "sbiancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn white" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacken", + "melanize", + "melanise", + "nigrify", + "black" + ], + "it": [ + "annerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or become black" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melanize", + "melanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into, or infiltrate with melanin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighten", + "lighten up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become lighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discolor", + "discolour", + "colour", + "color" + ], + "it": [ + "sbiadirsi", + "schiarire", + "scolorare", + "scolorire", + "scolorirsi", + "stingere", + "stingersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change color, often in an undesired manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color with blackwash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become sallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bronze" + ], + "it": [ + "abbronzare", + "bronzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the color and appearance of bronze to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discolor" + ], + "it": [ + "scolorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose or change color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drain off the color in the course of laundering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose color or turn colorless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dye" + ], + "it": [ + "colorare", + "tingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color with dye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color for microscopic study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "henna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply henna to one's hair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impress", + "yarn-dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye (fabric) before it is spun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colorize", + "colorise", + "colourise", + "colourize", + "colour", + "color in", + "colour in" + ], + "it": [ + "colorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add color to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motley", + "parti-color" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make motley; color with different colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polychrome", + "polychromize", + "polychromise" + ], + "it": [ + "policromare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color with many colors; make polychrome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "azure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color azure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple", + "empurple", + "purpurate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn golden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verdigris" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color verdigris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinkify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incarnadine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make flesh-colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color a moderate to strong red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrown", + "brown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brown in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handcolor", + "handcolour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stain" + ], + "it": [ + "tingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color with a liquid dye or tint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebonize", + "ebonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain black to make it look like ebony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain an object by immersing it in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stain" + ], + "it": [ + "macchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or leave stains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain with a dirty substance, such as soot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tint", + "tinct", + "tinge", + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color or dye with a pigment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquire pigment; become colored or imbued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tincture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain or tint with a color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbue", + "hue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffuse with color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a certain color to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on color or become colored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye with fast colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye twice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie-dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye after knotting the fabric to produce an irregular pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give retouches to (hair)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand-dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batik" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye with wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece-dye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dye after weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redden" + ], + "it": [ + "arrossarsi", + "imporporarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn red or redder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become rosy or reddish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become purple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey", + "gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make silver in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grey", + "gray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make grey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yellow" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiallirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn yellow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change to a color image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the color or tone of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalate", + "intensify", + "step up" + ], + "it": [ + "intensificare", + "intensificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in extent or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redouble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "double in magnitude, extent, or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-escalate", + "weaken", + "step down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the level or intensity or size or scope of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-escalate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish in size, scope, or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiate" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare", + "irradiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send out real or metaphoric rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effuse" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare", + "emettere", + "sprigionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give out or emit (also metaphorically)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiate", + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to radiation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct high energy particles or radiation against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irradiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast rays of light upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light", + "illume", + "illumine", + "light up", + "illuminate" + ], + "it": [ + "illuminare", + "irradiare", + "rischiarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make lighter or brighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "floodlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illuminate with floodlights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "illuminate with a spotlight, as in the theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "cut off" + ], + "it": [ + "smettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease, stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutilate", + "mangle", + "cut up" + ], + "it": [ + "deturpare", + "mutilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or injure severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip", + "curtail", + "cut short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancify", + "beautify", + "embellish", + "prettify" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellire", + "adornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more beautiful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uglify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ugly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress up", + "window-dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something appear superficially attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blossom", + "blossom out", + "blossom forth", + "unfold" + ], + "it": [ + "sbocciare", + "svilupparsi", + "svolgersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop or come to a promising stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spruce up", + "spruce", + "titivate", + "tittivate", + "smarten up", + "slick up", + "spiff up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make neat, smart, or trim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloom", + "blossom", + "flower" + ], + "it": [ + "fiorire", + "sbocciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or yield flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effloresce", + "burst forth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into or as if into flower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike", + "spike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forth a spike or spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper", + "season", + "mollify" + ], + "it": [ + "moderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more temperate, acceptable, or suitable by adding something else; moderate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "season", + "harden" + ], + "it": [ + "temprare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust the pitch (of pianos)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune", + "tune up" + ], + "it": [ + "accordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust the pitches of (musical instruments)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be out of tune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calibrate", + "graduate", + "fine-tune" + ], + "it": [ + "calibrare", + "tarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fine adjustments or divide into marked intervals for optimal measuring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune", + "tune up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust for (better) functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjust", + "set", + "correct" + ], + "it": [ + "registrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust (sails on a ship) so that the wind is optimally used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero", + "zero in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust (as by firing under test conditions) the zero of (a gun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zero" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust (an instrument or device) to zero value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readjust", + "reset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust again after an initial failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust or accustom to; bring into harmony with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "regolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate or set the time of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make correspondent or conformable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gear", + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set the level or character of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set to a certain pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set to a certain position or cause to operate correctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reset" + ], + "it": [ + "resettare", + "ripristinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set to zero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a certain state; cause to be in a certain state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keynote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set the keynote of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulate", + "modulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adapt", + "accommodate" + ], + "it": [ + "adattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert or adjust several objects or people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anglicise", + "anglicize" + ], + "it": [ + "anglicizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make English in appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualify", + "dispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit or prepared" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "habilitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "qualify for teaching at a university in Europe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make capable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disqualify", + "unfit", + "indispose" + ], + "it": [ + "inabilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unfit or unsuitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoehorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit for a specific purpose even when not well suited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailor", + "orient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust to a specific need or market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domesticate", + "tame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit for cultivation, domestic life, and service to humans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domesticate", + "domesticize", + "domesticise", + "reclaim", + "tame" + ], + "it": [ + "addomesticare", + "ammansire", + "domare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome the wildness of; make docile and tractable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "domesticate", + "cultivate", + "naturalize", + "naturalise", + "tame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt (a wild plant or unclaimed land) to the environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fine-tune", + "tweak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust finely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temper", + "harden" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcire", + "temprare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harden by reheating and cooling in oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anneal", + "temper", + "normalize" + ], + "it": [ + "temperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toughen" + ], + "it": [ + "irrobustire", + "temprare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make tough or tougher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widen" + ], + "it": [ + "allargarsi", + "amplairsi", + "ampliarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become broader or wider or more extensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widen" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare", + "ampliare", + "ingrandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "widen the interlinear spacing by inserting leads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let out", + "widen" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare", + "ampliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (clothes) larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in" + ], + "it": [ + "restringere", + "riprendere", + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (clothes) smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare out", + "flare" + ], + "it": [ + "scampanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become flared and widen, usually at one end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constrict", + "constringe", + "narrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become tight or as if tight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become constricted or compressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become constricted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottleneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become narrow, like a bottleneck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrow", + "contract" + ], + "it": [ + "restringere", + "restringersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or become more narrow or restricted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become smaller or less active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilate", + "distend" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare", + "ampliare", + "dilatare", + "dilatarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become wider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implode", + "go off" + ], + "it": [ + "implodere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode", + "burst" + ], + "it": [ + "deflagrare", + "esplodere", + "saltare", + "scoppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst outward, usually with noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detonate", + "explode", + "blow up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst and release energy as through a violent chemical or physical reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode", + "burst forth", + "break loose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unleashed; emerge with violence or noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode", + "detonate", + "blow up", + "set off" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "detonare", + "far esplodere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burst with a violent release of energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to explode violently and with loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explode heavily or with a loud dull noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go off" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "esplodere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be discharged or activated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamite" + ], + "it": [ + "far saltare con la dinamite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow up with dynamite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "belch", + "extravasate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become active and spew forth lava and rocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "irrupt", + "flare up", + "flare", + "break open", + "burst out" + ], + "it": [ + "accendersi", + "inalberarsi", + "seccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erupt or intensify suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehisce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst or split open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygenize", + "oxygenise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dehydrogenate with oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehydrogenate" + ], + "it": [ + "deidrogenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove hydrogen from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogenate" + ], + "it": [ + "idrogenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine or treat with or expose to hydrogen; add hydrogen to the molecule of (an unsaturated organic compound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oxygenize", + "oxygenise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change (a compound) by increasing the proportion of the electronegative part; or change (an element or ion) from a lower to a higher positive valence: remove one or more electrons from (an atom, ion, or molecule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "recrudesce", + "break out" + ], + "it": [ + "coprirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become raw or open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst", + "split", + "break open" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppiare", + "spaccare", + "spaccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst open with a sharp, explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burst with a loud, explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "bucarsi", + "forarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be pierced or punctured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stave", + "stave in" + ], + "it": [ + "sfondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst or force (a hole) into something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "thrive", + "flourish", + "expand" + ], + "it": [ + "prosperare", + "fiorire", + "allignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proliferate" + ], + "it": [ + "proliferare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxuriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrive profusely or flourish extensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost" + ], + "it": [ + "favorire", + "incentivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a boost to; be beneficial to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blur", + "dim", + "slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become vague or indistinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliterate", + "efface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove completely from recognition or memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darken" + ], + "it": [ + "incupire", + "oscurare", + "ottenebrare", + "scurire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dark or darker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infuscate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darken with a brownish tinge, as of insect wings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to darken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dark, dim, or gloomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dun color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind", + "dim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dim by comparison or conceal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darken" + ], + "it": [ + "incupire", + "offuscarsi", + "oscurarsi", + "scurire", + "scurirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dark or darker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dusk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black out", + "blacken out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "darken completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brighten", + "lighten up", + "lighten" + ], + "it": [ + "schiarire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make lighter or brighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blur", + "blear" + ], + "it": [ + "annebbiare", + "appannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dim or indistinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weed" + ], + "it": [ + "diserbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear of weeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear of weeds by uprooting them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dim or lusterless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dim or lusterless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscure", + "bedim", + "overcloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make obscure or unclear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benight", + "bedim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make darker and difficult to perceive by sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscure", + "blot out", + "obliterate", + "veil", + "hide" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire", + "mascherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make undecipherable or imperceptible by obscuring or concealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus", + "focalize", + "focalise", + "sharpen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (an image) into focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put again into focus or focus more sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus", + "focalize", + "focalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become focussed or come into focus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciate", + "undervalue", + "devaluate", + "devalue" + ], + "it": [ + "svalutarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depreciate" + ], + "it": [ + "deprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower the value of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciate", + "apprize", + "apprise" + ], + "it": [ + "rivalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the value of" + ], + "it": [ + "aumentare il valore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revalue" + ], + "it": [ + "rivalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "value anew" + ], + "it": [ + "valutare di nuovo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expense", + "write off", + "write down" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortare", + "ammortizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the estimated value of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciate", + "apprize", + "apprise", + "revalue" + ], + "it": [ + "rivalutarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deafen" + ], + "it": [ + "desonorizzare", + "insonorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make soundproof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shorten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become short or shorter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lengthen" + ], + "it": [ + "allungarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become long or longer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shorten" + ], + "it": [ + "abbreviare", + "accorciare", + "raccorciare", + "riaccorciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncopate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omit a sound or letter in a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncate", + "cut short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make shorter as if by cutting off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broaden" + ], + "it": [ + "allargarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become broader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broaden" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make broader" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lengthen" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make longer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolong", + "protract", + "extend", + "draw out" + ], + "it": [ + "prolungare", + "protrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolong the time allowed for payment of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "temporize", + "temporise" + ], + "it": [ + "temporeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw out a discussion or process in order to gain time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin", + "spin out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prolong or extend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elongate", + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make long or longer by pulling and stretching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree", + "shoetree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch (a shoe) on a shoetree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make to a size; bring to a suitable size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "size or measure according to a scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the size of; make the size more appropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish on a new scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bake" + ], + "it": [ + "cuocersi al forno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook and make edible by putting in a hot oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ovenbake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bake in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brown" + ], + "it": [ + "dorare", + "rosolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry in a pan until it changes color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook in nearly boiling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ], + "it": [ + "cuocere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bake in a kiln so as to harden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farce", + "stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "farcire", + "imbottire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with a stuffing while cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetishize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a fetish of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feudalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring (a country or people) under feudalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill tightly with a material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stuff with cork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad", + "bolster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add padding to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baste" + ], + "it": [ + "ungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with liquid before cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook in a marinade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microwave", + "micro-cook", + "zap", + "nuke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook or heat in a microwave oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crispen", + "toast", + "crisp" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrustolire", + "tostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brown and crisp by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bake (eggs) in their shells until they are set" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanch", + "parboil" + ], + "it": [ + "sbollentare", + "scottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook (vegetables) briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overboil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boil excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cook" + ], + "it": [ + "cuocere", + "fare", + "cucinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform and make suitable for consumption by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcook" + ], + "it": [ + "scuocere", + "stracuocere", + "far cuocere troppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook too long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fricassee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a fricassee of by cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stew" + ], + "it": [ + "stufare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook slowly and for a long time in liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stew in an earthenware jug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boil slowly at low temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seethe", + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "ribollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "boil vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roast" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrustolire", + "arrostire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook with dry heat, usually in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barbeque", + "barbecue", + "cook out" + ], + "it": [ + "cuocere alla brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook outdoors on a barbecue grill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan roast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roast in a pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braise" + ], + "it": [ + "brasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook in liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fry" + ], + "it": [ + "friggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook on a hot surface using fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry something until it curls and becomes crisp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-fat-fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry in deep fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "griddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook on a griddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan-fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry in a pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slenderize", + "slenderise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make slender or appear to be slender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "french-fry", + "deep-fry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "friggere in olio abbondante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook by immersing in fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir fry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry very quickly over high heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fry briefly over high heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grill" + ], + "it": [ + "arrostire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook over a grill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibachi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook over a hibachi grill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cuocere a vapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook something by letting steam pass over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steep", + "infuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let sit in a liquid to extract a flavor or to cleanse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo the process of infusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit or let sit in boiling water so as to extract the flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steep; pass through a strainer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil" + ], + "it": [ + "boglire", + "bollire", + "lessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immerse or be immersed in a boiling liquid, often for cooking purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broil", + "oven broil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook under a broiler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan-broil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broil in a pan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure-cook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook in a pressure cooker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "branch", + "ramify", + "fork", + "furcate", + "separate" + ], + "it": [ + "biforcarsi", + "diramarsi", + "ramificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into two or more branches so as to form a fork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramify", + "branch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow and send out branches or branch-like structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arborize", + "arborise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch out like trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch out in a twiglike manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifurcate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into two branches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trifurcate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into three" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomize", + "atomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up into small particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dialyse", + "dialyze" + ], + "it": [ + "dializzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate by dialysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break up", + "disperse", + "scatter" + ], + "it": [ + "frantumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backscatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter (radiation) by the atoms of the medium through which it passes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peptize", + "peptise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disperse in a medium into a colloidal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind", + "mash", + "crunch", + "bray", + "comminute" + ], + "it": [ + "pestare", + "sminuzzare", + "triturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down and crush by beating, as with a pestle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to pulp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pestle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind, mash or pulverize in a mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill" + ], + "it": [ + "macinare", + "tritare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind with a mill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powderize", + "powderise", + "powder", + "pulverize", + "pulverise" + ], + "it": [ + "polverizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a powder by breaking up or cause to become dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powderize", + "pulverize", + "pulverise", + "powderise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become powder or dust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "unravel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become undone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partition", + "zone" + ], + "it": [ + "suddividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or apportion into sections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdivide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into smaller and smaller pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subdivide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into subdivisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen off", + "separate off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partition by means of a divider, such as a screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst", + "bust" + ], + "it": [ + "sfondarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break open or apart suddenly and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shatter" + ], + "it": [ + "distruggersi", + "frantumarsi", + "rompersi", + "sfasciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into many pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shatter" + ], + "it": [ + "fracassare", + "frantumare", + "sgretolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to break into many pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage or destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "separate", + "split up", + "fall apart", + "come apart" + ], + "it": [ + "smembrarsi", + "spezzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become separated into pieces or fragments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break suddenly into pieces, as from a violent blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladder", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilarsi", + "smagliarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come unraveled or undone as if by snagging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "rompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break so as to fall inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stave in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break in the staves (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sunder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break apart or in two, using violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash", + "dash" + ], + "it": [ + "fracassare", + "infrangere", + "sfasciare", + "spaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into pieces, as by striking or knocking over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast", + "knock down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shatter as if by explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack", + "check", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "creparsi", + "incrinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fractured; break or crack on the surface only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "chink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make cracks or chinks in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ], + "it": [ + "incrinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become cracked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fissure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into fissures or fine cracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break suddenly and abruptly, as under tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break partially but keep its integrity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chap" + ], + "it": [ + "screpolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crack due to dehydration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop a fine network of cracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alligator" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crack and acquire the appearance of alligator hide, as from weathering or improper application; of paint and varnishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splinter", + "sliver" + ], + "it": [ + "scheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up into splinters or slivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break up", + "fragment", + "fragmentize", + "fragmentise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break or cause to break into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "dismiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare void" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into lumps before sorting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into crumbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brecciate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into breccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crush" + ], + "it": [ + "rompere", + "sbriciolare", + "schiacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up into small pieces for food preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "recrudesce", + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arise", + "come up" + ], + "it": [ + "intervenire", + "sopravenire", + "sopravvenire", + "sorgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "result or issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happen", + "hap", + "go on", + "pass off", + "occur", + "pass", + "fall out", + "come about", + "take place" + ], + "it": [ + "accadere", + "avvenire", + "effettuarsi", + "operarsi", + "succedere", + "svolgersi", + "verificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "result" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come about or follow as a consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur between other event or between certain points of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come about, happen, or occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supervene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take place as an additional or unexpected development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proceed", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "procedere", + "andare avanti", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow a certain course" + ], + "it": [ + "avere un andamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag", + "drag on", + "drag out" + ], + "it": [ + "strascinarsi", + "trascinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed for an extended period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "venire", + "arrivare", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to pass; arrive, as in due course" + ], + "it": [ + "capitare in sorte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "descend", + "settle" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come as if by falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go as if by falling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur at a specified time or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipate" + ], + "it": [ + "precorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a forerunner of or occur earlier than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be found or available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to light; become known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recur", + "repeat" + ], + "it": [ + "ricorrere", + "ripetersi", + "ripetere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen or occur again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iterate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run or be performed again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recur in repeating sequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go off", + "come off", + "go over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen in a particular manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come around", + "roll around" + ], + "it": [ + "ricorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happen", + "materialize", + "materialise" + ], + "it": [ + "concretarsi", + "materializzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into being; become reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dematerialize", + "dematerialise" + ], + "it": [ + "smaterializzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become immaterial; disappear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happen", + "befall", + "bechance" + ], + "it": [ + "accadere", + "andare", + "incogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen, occur, or be the case in the course of events or by chance" + ], + "it": [ + "verificarsi, tra varie altre possibilità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen as a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "befall", + "bechance", + "betide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become of; happen to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce as a consequence of something larger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concur", + "coincide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "break out" + ], + "it": [ + "divampare", + "insorgere", + "prorompere", + "scoppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start to grow or develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get down", + "begin", + "get", + "start out", + "start", + "set about", + "set out", + "commence" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "cominciare", + "iniziare", + "rompere il ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" + ], + "it": [ + "muovere il primo passo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set out on a course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break out" + ], + "it": [ + "scatenarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin suddenly and sometimes violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set off quickly, usually with success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive at the point of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auspicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commence in a manner calculated to bring good luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set to work upon; turn one's energies vigorously to a task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start in a certain activity, enterprise, or role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunge", + "launch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin with vigor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur or become available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embark", + "enter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set out on (an enterprise or subject of study)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue or resume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get cracking", + "bestir oneself", + "get going", + "get moving", + "get weaving", + "get started", + "get rolling" + ], + "it": [ + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start to be active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin", + "lead off", + "start", + "commence" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "cominciare", + "dare l'avvio a", + "incominciare", + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set in motion, cause to start" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumpstart", + "jump-start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start or re-start vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to start anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaugurate", + "usher in", + "introduce" + ], + "it": [ + "inaugurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a precursor of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set in motion or cause to begin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer or persist from one stage or sphere of activity to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resume", + "restart", + "re-start" + ], + "it": [ + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up or begin anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resume", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to a previous location or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persevere", + "persist", + "hang in", + "hang on", + "hold on" + ], + "it": [ + "insistere", + "perdurare", + "perseverare", + "persistere", + "recidivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be persistent, refuse to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persist stubbornly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask for it", + "ask for trouble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persist with actions or an attitude despite the probability that it will cause trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug", + "plug away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persist in working hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick to", + "stick with", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass away" + ], + "it": [ + "scomparire", + "spegnersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go out of existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end, at least for a long time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish" + ], + "it": [ + "finire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to finish a relationship with somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish a game in baseball by protecting a lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go out" + ], + "it": [ + "spegnersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become extinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish up", + "land up", + "fetch up", + "end up", + "wind up", + "finish" + ], + "it": [ + "finire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finally be or do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "terminate" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere", + "portare a termine", + "concludere", + "concludersi", + "finire", + "smettere", + "terminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to an end or halt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give the axe", + "give the bounce", + "give the gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate a relationship abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abort" + ], + "it": [ + "abortire", + "interrompere l'esecuzione di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate before completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a head or to the highest point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift", + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an end to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ax", + "axe" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "ridurre drasticamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem", + "stanch", + "staunch", + "halt" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "fermare", + "fermarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop the flow of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrest the motion (of something) abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappear or come to an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp out", + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end or extinguish by forceful means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy a vitally essential quality of or in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to cease operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tire out completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with a snapping motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "break up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "break up" + ], + "it": [ + "annullare", + "sciogliere", + "sciogliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring the association of to an end or cause to break up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo or cause to undergo a change in the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level", + "level off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become level or even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a crust or form into a crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "buckle", + "warp" + ], + "it": [ + "curvarsi", + "deformarsi", + "inarcarsi", + "incurvarsi", + "piegarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend out of shape, as under pressure or from heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise upward, as from pressure or moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot", + "spud", + "germinate", + "pullulate", + "bourgeon", + "burgeon forth", + "sprout" + ], + "it": [ + "germogliare", + "gettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce buds, branches, or germinate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "germinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow or sprout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "divenire", + "svilupparsi", + "trasformarsi", + "svilupparsi rapidamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow and flourish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop buds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take root and begin to grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to take roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die", + "decease", + "perish", + "go", + "exit", + "pass away", + "expire", + "pass", + "kick the bucket", + "cash in one's chips", + "buy the farm", + "conk", + "give-up the ghost", + "drop dead", + "pop off", + "choke", + "croak", + "snuff it" + ], + "it": [ + "crepare", + "morire", + "andarsene", + "decedere", + "spirare", + "mancare", + "trapassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life" + ], + "it": [ + "cessare di vivere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "die from strangulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocate", + "stifle", + "asphyxiate" + ], + "it": [ + "strangolare", + "strozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be asphyxiated; die from lack of oxygen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy it", + "pip out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be killed or die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "andarsene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be abolished or discarded" + ], + "it": [ + "essere tolto di mezzo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "leave behind" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be survived by after one's death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be without a spouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drown" + ], + "it": [ + "affogare", + "annegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "die from being submerged in water, getting water into the lungs, and asphyxiating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be born, used chiefly of lambs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predecease" + ], + "it": [ + "premorire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "die before; die earlier than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be born" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into existence through birth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to life", + "come into being" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be born or come into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud over" + ], + "it": [ + "annuvolarsi", + "coprirsi", + "imbronciarsi", + "rannuvolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become overcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mist", + "mist over" + ], + "it": [ + "velarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become covered with mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demist", + "defog" + ], + "it": [ + "disappannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become bloated or swollen or puff up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bloated or swollen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curl", + "curve", + "kink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a curl, curve, or kink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break off", + "discontinue", + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "finire", + "interrompere", + "sospendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold on", + "stop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions or developments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut short", + "break short", + "break off" + ], + "it": [ + "troncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt before its natural or planned end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang up" + ], + "it": [ + "riagganciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt a telephone conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "knock off" + ], + "it": [ + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop pursuing or acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nolle pros", + "nolle prosequi", + "nol.pros." + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop prosecution of by entering a nolle prosequi in the court records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "suspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop a process or a habit by imposing a freeze on it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog down", + "bog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get stuck while doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bog down", + "bog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to slow down or get stuck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupt", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "interrompere", + "rompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjourn", + "recess", + "break up" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornare", + "sospendere la seduta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close at the end of a session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punctuate" + ], + "it": [ + "punteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt periodically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pasteurize", + "pasteurise" + ], + "it": [ + "pasteurizzare", + "pastorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat food in order to kill harmful microorganisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense", + "distill", + "distil" + ], + "it": [ + "condensarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense", + "concentrate", + "contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compress or concentrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop due to condensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more compact or concentrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublime", + "sublimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sublimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vaporize and then condense right back again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublime", + "sublimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change or cause to change directly from a solid into a vapor without first melting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a gas or vapor to change into a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove water from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resublime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sublime (a compound) once again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporate", + "vaporize", + "vaporise" + ], + "it": [ + "evaporare", + "evaporizzare", + "svaporare", + "vaporizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervaporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a liquid) to evaporate through a semipermeable membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pervaporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaporate through a semipermeable membrane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exude water vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unify", + "unite", + "merge" + ], + "it": [ + "unificare", + "unificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitize", + "unitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or classify into units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog", + "clot" + ], + "it": [ + "raggrumarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coalesce or unite in a mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncretize", + "syncretise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite (beliefs or conflicting principles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disunify", + "break apart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up or separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together so as to form a single product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "league" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite to form a league" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federate", + "federalize", + "federalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite on a federal basis or band together as a league" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federate", + "federalize", + "federalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a league for a common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonize", + "carbonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into carbon, as by burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool", + "chill", + "cool down" + ], + "it": [ + "freddarsi", + "intepidire", + "intiepidire", + "intiepidirsi", + "raffreddarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loose heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool", + "cool off", + "cool down" + ], + "it": [ + "intepidire", + "intiepidire", + "intiepidirsi", + "raffreddarsi", + "sbollire", + "smorzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overheat" + ], + "it": [ + "surriscaldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get excessively and undesirably hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool", + "chill", + "cool down" + ], + "it": [ + "freddare", + "intepidire", + "intiepidire", + "raffreddare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make cool or cooler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cool (hot metal) by plunging into cold water or other liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere il ghiaccio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put ice on or put on ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerate" + ], + "it": [ + "refrigerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cool or chill in or as if in a refrigerator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat", + "heat up" + ], + "it": [ + "riscaldare", + "scaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make hot or hotter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat to the boiling point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with boiling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrigerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve by chilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat a metal prior to working it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat a substance so that it oxidizes or reduces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preheat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overheat" + ], + "it": [ + "surriscaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make excessively or undesirably hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat", + "hot up", + "heat up" + ], + "it": [ + "scaldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain heat or get hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm" + ], + "it": [ + "intepidire", + "intiepidire", + "riscaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make warm or warmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more friendly or open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm", + "warm up" + ], + "it": [ + "intepidire", + "intiepidire", + "intiepidirsi", + "scaldarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get warm or warmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warm by rubbing, as with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonize", + "carbonise", + "carburize", + "carburise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite with carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cauterize", + "cauterise", + "burn" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare", + "cauterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change to ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaciate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become frozen and covered with glaciers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concrete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a solid mass; coalesce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil" + ], + "it": [ + "far bollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to, or maintain at, the boiling point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract the essence of something by boiling it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil" + ], + "it": [ + "boglire", + "bollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to the boiling point and change from a liquid to vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boil over", + "overboil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overflow or cause to overflow while boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a deep-freeze, as for conservation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become ice or icy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quick-freeze", + "flash-freeze" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "freeze rapidly so as to preserve the natural juices and flavors" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoporre a congelamento rapido" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to freeze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "thaw", + "unfreeze", + "unthaw", + "dethaw", + "melt" + ], + "it": [ + "disgelare", + "sciogliere", + "sciogliersi", + "scongelare", + "sfarsi", + "sgelare", + "sgelarsi", + "squagliarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or cause to become soft or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliquesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melt or become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defrost", + "deice", + "de-ice" + ], + "it": [ + "decongelare", + "sbrinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or become free of frost or ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "combust" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn down", + "burn up", + "go up" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn completely; be consumed or destroyed by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smolder", + "smoulder" + ], + "it": [ + "covare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn slowly and without a flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sear", + "scorch" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make very hot and dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn or sear with a sizzling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "incinerate" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonizzare", + "incenerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undergo combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incinerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become reduced to ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singe", + "swinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn superficially or lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "fire", + "burn down" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set a controlled fire to halt an advancing forest to prairie fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cremate" + ], + "it": [ + "cremare", + "incinerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn maliciously, as by arson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "char", + "blacken", + "sear", + "scorch" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciacchiare", + "fiammeggiare", + "strinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn slightly and superficially so as to affect color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister", + "vesicate" + ], + "it": [ + "formare delle bolle", + "produrre delle bolle in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get blistered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause blisters to form on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch", + "change over", + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a shift in or exchange of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permute", + "commute", + "transpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the order or arrangement of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map", + "represent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to establish a mapping (of mathematical elements or sets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert", + "change over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metricize", + "metricise", + "metrify", + "metricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert from a non-metric to the metric system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert grain into flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform", + "transmute", + "metamorphose" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in outward structure or looks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or decrease (an alternating current or voltage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change (a bacterial cell) into a genetically distinct cell by the introduction of DNA from another cell of the same or closely related species" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (one form of energy) to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aurify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform into gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter the nature of (elements)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform", + "transmute", + "transubstantiate" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformare", + "trasmutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change or alter in form, appearance, or nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transubstantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change (the Eucharist bread and wine) into the body and blood of Christ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorcerize", + "sorcerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform or change by means of sorcery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into ashes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate", + "transform" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformare", + "tradurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one form or medium into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metricize", + "metricise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express in the metric system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclaim" + ], + "it": [ + "bonificare", + "risanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make useful again; transform from a useless or uncultivated state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metamorphose", + "transfigure", + "transmogrify" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change completely the nature or appearance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change religious beliefs, or adopt a religious belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reform", + "reclaim", + "regenerate", + "rectify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralize", + "moralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve the morals of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amplify (an electron current) by causing part of the power in the output circuit to act upon the input circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ], + "it": [ + "convertire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to adopt a new or different faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamize", + "Islamise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to Islam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christianize", + "Christianise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Christianize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt in the name of Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Islamize", + "Islamise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to conform to Islamic law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evangelize", + "evangelise" + ], + "it": [ + "evangelizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to Christianity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catholicize", + "catholicise", + "latinize", + "latinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to adopt Catholicism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn back", + "invert", + "reverse" + ], + "it": [ + "invertire", + "rovesciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn inside out or upside down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invert", + "reverse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverse the position, order, relation, or condition of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invert" + ], + "it": [ + "invertire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an inversion (in a musical composition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revert", + "return", + "retrovert", + "regress", + "turn back" + ], + "it": [ + "ritornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back to a previous state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to the original position or state after being stretched or compressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "customize", + "customise" + ], + "it": [ + "personalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make according to requirements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personalize", + "personalise", + "individualize", + "individualise" + ], + "it": [ + "personalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make personal or more personal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depersonalize", + "depersonalise", + "objectify" + ], + "it": [ + "spersonalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make impersonal or present as an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay waste to", + "waste", + "devastate", + "desolate", + "ravage", + "scourge" + ], + "it": [ + "annichilire", + "desolare", + "devastare", + "disastrare", + "funestare", + "saccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harry", + "ravage" + ], + "it": [ + "devastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a pillaging or destructive raid on (a place), as in wartimes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emaciate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow weak and thin or waste away physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "emaciate", + "macerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow thin or weak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfeeble", + "debilitate", + "drain" + ], + "it": [ + "acciaccare", + "debilitare", + "indebolire", + "svigorire", + "svirilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make weak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enervate" + ], + "it": [ + "indebolire", + "sfibrare", + "snervare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weaken mentally or morally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pine away", + "waste", + "languish" + ], + "it": [ + "languire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dampen", + "damp", + "soften", + "weaken", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuare", + "attutire", + "smorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen in force or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dampen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check; keep in check (a fire)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dampen", + "deaden", + "damp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make vague or obscure or make (an image) less visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silence (someone) by uttering `shush!'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stifle", + "dampen" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuare", + "attutire", + "smorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smother or suppress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocate", + "choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suppress the development, creativity, or imagination of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocate", + "choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become stultified, suppressed, or stifled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke off", + "choke down", + "choke back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suppress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dampen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the amplitude (of oscillations or waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dull" + ], + "it": [ + "ottundere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less lively or vigorous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make milky or dull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dull or lusterless in appearance; lose shine or brightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose strength or effectiveness; become or appear boring, insipid, or tiresome (to)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen" + ], + "it": [ + "acuirsi", + "acutizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become sharp or sharper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen" + ], + "it": [ + "acuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make crisp or more crisp and precise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen", + "heighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (one's senses) more acute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtilize", + "subtilise" + ], + "it": [ + "affinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (senses) more keen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharpen with a strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen", + "taper", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a point to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acuminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sharp or acute; taper; make (something) come to a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise the pitch of (musical notes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatten", + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower the pitch of (musical notes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acclimatize", + "acclimatise", + "acclimate" + ], + "it": [ + "acclimatarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get used to a certain climate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise", + "sync" + ], + "it": [ + "sincronizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make synchronous and adjust in time or manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust so as to be in a synchronized condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desynchronize", + "desynchronise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become desynchronized; cause to occur at unrelated times" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend", + "flux", + "mix", + "conflate", + "commingle", + "immix", + "fuse", + "coalesce", + "meld", + "combine", + "merge" + ], + "it": [ + "amalgamarsi", + "fondere", + "mescolare", + "mescolarsi", + "mischiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix together different elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix in specific proportions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become one with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melt", + "meld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose its distinct outline or shape; blend gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend in", + "mix in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (something) to be mixed with (something else)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix in with cutting motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accrete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow together (of plants and organs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite chemically so that the product is easily broken down into the original compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix or blend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alloy" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an alloy of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuse" + ], + "it": [ + "fondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make liquid or plastic by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuse" + ], + "it": [ + "fondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become plastic or fluid or liquefied from heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumble", + "fall apart" + ], + "it": [ + "frantumarsi", + "sbriciolarsi", + "sgretolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break or fall apart into fragments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disintegrate" + ], + "it": [ + "disgregarsi", + "disintegrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soften or disintegrate, as by undergoing exposure to heat or moisture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporate a food ingredient into a mixture by repeatedly turning it over without stirring or beating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reintegrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "integrate again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macerate" + ], + "it": [ + "ammollare", + "ammorbidire", + "macerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soften, usually by steeping in liquid, and cause to disintegrate as a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macerate" + ], + "it": [ + "macerarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become soft or separate and disintegrate as a result of excessive soaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate into constituents by soaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disintegrate", + "decay", + "decompose" + ], + "it": [ + "disintegrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disintegrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undergo fission or lose particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putrefy" + ], + "it": [ + "decomporsi", + "imputridire", + "putrefare", + "putrefarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become putrid; decay with an offensive smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetize", + "magnetise" + ], + "it": [ + "calamitare", + "magnetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make magnetic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demagnetize", + "demagnetise", + "degauss" + ], + "it": [ + "smagnetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make nonmagnetic; take away the magnetic properties (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simplify" + ], + "it": [ + "facilitare", + "semplificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make simpler or easier or reduce in complexity or extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversimplify" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "semplificare troppo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make too simple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complicate", + "refine", + "rarify", + "elaborate" + ], + "it": [ + "perfezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more complex, intricate, or richer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make complex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complexify", + "ramify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or develop complicating consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make complex or intricate or complicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophisticate" + ], + "it": [ + "adulterare", + "affatturare", + "alterare", + "manipolare", + "sofisticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more complex or refined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complicate", + "perplex" + ], + "it": [ + "complicare", + "imbrogliare", + "intricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more complicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snarl", + "snarl up", + "embrangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more complicated or confused through entanglements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snafu" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be in a state of complete confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressurize", + "pressurise" + ], + "it": [ + "pressurizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the pressure in or of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressurize", + "pressurise" + ], + "it": [ + "pressurizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain a certain pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supercharge", + "pressurize", + "pressurise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the pressure on a gas or liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose air pressure or collapse by piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depressurize", + "depressurise", + "decompress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease the pressure of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "structure" + ], + "it": [ + "strutturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a structure to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restructure", + "reconstitute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct or form anew or provide with a new structure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organize", + "organise", + "coordinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring order and organization to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlock", + "mesh" + ], + "it": [ + "ingranare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coordinate in such a way that all parts work together effectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centralize", + "centralise", + "concentrate" + ], + "it": [ + "accentrare", + "centralizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make central" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decentralize", + "deconcentrate", + "decentralise" + ], + "it": [ + "decentrare", + "dicentrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less central" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialize", + "socialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make conform to socialist ideas and philosophies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialize", + "socialise" + ], + "it": [ + "socializzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for social life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix", + "prepare", + "set up", + "ready", + "gear up", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "apprestare", + "approntare", + "disporre", + "preparare", + "prepararsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take measures in preparation for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare (students) hastily for an impending exam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precondition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into the required condition beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill, preserve, and harden (tissue) in order to prepare for microscopic study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix onto a backing, setting, or support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set up", + "lay out", + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get ready for a particular purpose or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig", + "set", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzare", + "equipaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with sails or masts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winterize", + "winterise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summerize", + "summerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime" + ], + "it": [ + "caricare", + "innescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert a primer into (a gun, mine, or charge) preparatory to detonation or firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communize", + "communise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into property owned by the state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalize", + "internationalise" + ], + "it": [ + "internazionalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make international in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communize", + "communise", + "bolshevize", + "bolshevise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make Communist or bring in accord with Communist principles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanize", + "Americanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become American in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europeanize", + "Europeanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (continental) European in customs, character, or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Europeanize", + "Europeanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "denationalize and subject (a territory) to the supervision of an agency of a European community of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestialize", + "bestialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brutal and depraved; give animal-like qualities to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Americanize", + "Americanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make American in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frenchify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become French in appearance or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Frenchify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make French in appearance or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modernize", + "modernise", + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become technologically advanced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "civilize", + "civilise" + ], + "it": [ + "civilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise from a barbaric to a civilized state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalize", + "nationalise" + ], + "it": [ + "nazionalizzare", + "statalizzare", + "statizzare", + "statualizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put under state control or ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denationalize", + "denationalise" + ], + "it": [ + "denazionalizzare", + "privatizzare", + "snazionalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put under private control or ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privatize", + "privatise" + ], + "it": [ + "privatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from governmental to private control or ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalize", + "naturalise" + ], + "it": [ + "naturalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a citizen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denaturalize", + "denaturalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip of the rights and duties of citizenship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalize", + "naturalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more natural or lifelike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denaturalize", + "denaturalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less natural or unnatural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalize", + "naturalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adopt to another place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adopt", + "take in" + ], + "it": [ + "adottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take into one's family" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigrate" + ], + "it": [ + "immigrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into a new country and change residency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigrate" + ], + "it": [ + "far immigrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce or send as immigrants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "locate" + ], + "it": [ + "insediarsi", + "stabilirsi", + "stanziarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up residence and become established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonize", + "colonise" + ], + "it": [ + "colonizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle as colonists or establish a colony (in)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or establish in a new location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become established in a new location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out of its usual place, position, or relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homestead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle land given by the government and occupy it as a homestead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "root", + "take root", + "steady down", + "settle down" + ], + "it": [ + "radicarsi", + "sistemarsi", + "stabilirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle down or stay, as if on a roost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle in a new place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immigrate" + ], + "it": [ + "emigrare", + "migrare", + "trasmigrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "migrate to a new environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emigrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave one's country of residence for a new one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expatriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move away from one's native country and adopt a new residence abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steady", + "calm", + "becalm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make steady" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "even", + "even out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make even or more even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "even", + "even out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become even or more even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal", + "match", + "equalize", + "equalise", + "equate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "distribuire uniformemente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homologize", + "homologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make homologous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffen" + ], + "it": [ + "irrigidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make stiff or stiffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starch" + ], + "it": [ + "inamidare", + "insaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiffen with starch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stiffen with or as with buckram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigidify", + "ossify", + "petrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make rigid and set into a conventional pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rigidify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become rigid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffen" + ], + "it": [ + "irrigidirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become stiff or stiffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stiffen", + "tighten", + "tighten up", + "constrain" + ], + "it": [ + "inasprire", + "irrigidire", + "rendere più severo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamp down", + "crack down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repress or suppress (something regarded as undesirable)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosen", + "relax", + "loose" + ], + "it": [ + "allentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become loose or looser or less tight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosen", + "loose" + ], + "it": [ + "allentare", + "mollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make loose or looser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "unbend" + ], + "it": [ + "allentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less taut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from tension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tighten" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "farsi più stretto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become tight or tighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tighten", + "fasten" + ], + "it": [ + "distendere", + "rinforzare", + "stringere", + "tendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make tight or tighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up the slack of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tauten", + "firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make taut or tauter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tauten", + "firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become taut or tauter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transitivize", + "transitivise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make transitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detransitivize", + "detransitivise", + "intransitivize", + "intransitivise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intransitivize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slacken", + "remit" + ], + "it": [ + "allascare", + "allentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make slack as by lessening tension or firmness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douse", + "dowse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slacken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slacken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become looser or slack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absent", + "remove" + ], + "it": [ + "assentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away or leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evanesce", + "fade", + "blow over", + "pass off", + "fleet", + "pass" + ], + "it": [ + "affievolirsi", + "impallidire", + "passare", + "svanire", + "tramontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappear gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fade", + "wither" + ], + "it": [ + "appassire", + "sfiorire", + "spegnersi", + "svanire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose freshness, vigor, or vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestarsi", + "apparire", + "comparire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into sight or view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear as though from hiding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal its presence or make an appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be carried somewhere by water or as if by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to light", + "come to hand" + ], + "it": [ + "affiorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be revealed or disclosed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come on", + "come out", + "turn up", + "surface", + "show up" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire", + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear or become visible; make a showing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerge" + ], + "it": [ + "emergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out into view, as from concealment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emerge suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get on", + "be on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear in a show, on T.V. or radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outcrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear on the surface, come to the surface on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a brief burst of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear", + "come along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into being or existence, or appear on the scene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come on suddenly and intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come, usually in answer to an invitation or summons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "basset", + "crop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear at the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear", + "come out" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be issued or published" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop out", + "burst out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reappear", + "re-emerge" + ], + "it": [ + "riapparire", + "ricomparire", + "rinascere", + "risorgere", + "rispuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerge" + ], + "it": [ + "emergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become known or apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break through", + "come through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappear", + "vanish", + "go away" + ], + "it": [ + "dileguarsi", + "perdersi", + "scomparire", + "sparire", + "volatilizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get lost, as without warning or explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanish", + "disappear" + ], + "it": [ + "eclissarsi", + "scomparire", + "sparire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skip town", + "take a powder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappear without notifying anyone (idiom)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die out", + "die off" + ], + "it": [ + "estinguersi", + "morire", + "spegnersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become extinct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimize", + "minimise" + ], + "it": [ + "minimizzare", + "sminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make small or insignificant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimize loss or risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce proportionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase proportionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximize", + "maximise" + ], + "it": [ + "massimizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make as big or large as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maximize", + "maximise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the most of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce", + "cut down", + "cut back", + "trim", + "trim down", + "trim back", + "cut", + "bring down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassare", + "amputare", + "assottigliare", + "diminuire", + "ridurre", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut down on; make a reduction in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the pressure of wind on (a sail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the degree of (luminescence or phosphorescence) in (excited molecules or a material) by adding a suitable substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "decurtare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a reducing effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a reduction, as in one's workforce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash" + ], + "it": [ + "decurtare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut drastically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin out" + ], + "it": [ + "diradare", + "rarefare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sparse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin out" + ], + "it": [ + "diradarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become sparser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin" + ], + "it": [ + "diluire", + "diradare", + "sfoltire", + "stemperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make thin or thinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the diameter of (a wire or metal rod) by pulling it through a die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thin" + ], + "it": [ + "affinare", + "assottigliare", + "dimagrire", + "diradarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose thickness; become thin or thinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thicken", + "inspissate" + ], + "it": [ + "addensarsi", + "infittire", + "infoltirsi", + "ispessirsi", + "raddensare", + "raddensarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become thick or thicker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thicken", + "inspissate" + ], + "it": [ + "addensare", + "infoltire", + "inspessire", + "ispessire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make thick or thicker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thicken", + "inspissate" + ], + "it": [ + "addensare", + "addensarsi", + "inspessire", + "ispessire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make viscous or dense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline", + "go down", + "wane" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassarsi", + "attenuarsi", + "dechinare", + "declinare", + "decrescere", + "diminuire", + "scemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go down momentarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass slowly (of time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more extreme; raise in quantity, degree, or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heighten", + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more extreme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise dramatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go down in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slump", + "fall off", + "sink" + ], + "it": [ + "crollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall heavily or suddenly; decline markedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall suddenly and sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax", + "mount", + "climb", + "rise" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere", + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go up or advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax", + "full" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a garment) fuller by pleating or gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wane" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decrease in phase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wane" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnify", + "amplify" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in size, volume or significance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "go bad", + "give way", + "die", + "give out", + "conk out", + "go", + "break", + "break down" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "non funzionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop operating or functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "go down" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give way", + "yield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end resistance, as under pressure or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow out", + "burn out", + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciarsi", + "fulminarsi", + "rompersi", + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melt, break, or become otherwise unusable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfurl", + "unroll" + ], + "it": [ + "sbrogliare", + "spiegare", + "srotolare", + "srotolarsi", + "svolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unroll, unfold, or spread out or be unrolled, unfolded, or spread out from a furled state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll up", + "wrap up" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotolare", + "avvolgere", + "avvoltolare", + "ravvolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a cylinder by rolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll up", + "furl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a cylinder by rolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll up (a portion of a sail) in order to reduce its area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or roll into bolts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversify", + "branch out", + "broaden" + ], + "it": [ + "diversificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary in order to spread risk or to expand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversify", + "radiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread into new habitats and produce variety or variegate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vary", + "variegate", + "motley" + ], + "it": [ + "variare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something more diverse and varied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diversify" + ], + "it": [ + "differenziare", + "diversificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (more) diverse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checker", + "chequer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variegate with different colors, shades, or patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialize", + "specialise", + "narrow", + "narrow down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more focus on an area of activity or field of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialize", + "specialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suit to a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overspecialize", + "overspecialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become overly specialized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerate", + "speed up", + "speed", + "quicken" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerare", + "affrettarsi", + "snellirsi", + "velocizzarsi", + "fare in fretta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move faster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decelerate", + "slow down" + ], + "it": [ + "decelerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the speed of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the momentum or velocity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make vapid or deprive of spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fishtail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow down by moving the tail sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accelerate", + "speed", + "speed up" + ], + "it": [ + "accelerare", + "affrettare", + "snellire", + "velocizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move faster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rev up", + "rev" + ], + "it": [ + "imballare", + "mandare su di giri", + "tenere il motore su di giri" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the number of rotations per minute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rev up", + "step up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speed up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decelerate", + "slow", + "slow down", + "slow up", + "retard" + ], + "it": [ + "decelerare", + "frenare", + "rallentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose velocity; move more slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "retard", + "delay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow the growth or development of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow", + "slow down", + "slow up", + "slack", + "slacken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become slow or slower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slow", + "slow down", + "slow up" + ], + "it": [ + "rallentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to proceed more slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog", + "constipate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impede with a clog or as if with a clog" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack", + "slacken", + "slack up", + "relax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less active or fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrease", + "lessen", + "minify" + ], + "it": [ + "diminuire", + "ridurre", + "sminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diminish", + "belittle" + ], + "it": [ + "sminuire", + "svalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the authority, dignity, or reputation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quicken", + "invigorate" + ], + "it": [ + "vivificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give life or energy to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gasify", + "vaporize", + "vaporise", + "aerify" + ], + "it": [ + "evaporizzare", + "nebulizzare", + "vaporizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jell", + "set", + "congeal" + ], + "it": [ + "raddensarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become gelatinous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curdle" + ], + "it": [ + "coagularsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn from a liquid to a solid mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curdle" + ], + "it": [ + "inacidirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go bad or sour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harden", + "indurate" + ], + "it": [ + "assodarsi", + "indurirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become hard or harder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harden", + "indurate" + ], + "it": [ + "indurire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make hard or harder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallize", + "crystalize", + "crystalise", + "effloresce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume crystalline form; become crystallized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquefy", + "flux", + "liquify" + ], + "it": [ + "liquefarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become liquid or fluid when heated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquefy", + "liquify", + "liquidize", + "liquidise" + ], + "it": [ + "liquefare", + "sciogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a solid substance) liquid, as by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melt", + "run", + "melt down" + ], + "it": [ + "disciogliere", + "disciogliersi", + "disfare", + "disfarsi", + "fondere", + "liquefare", + "liquefarsi", + "sciogliere", + "sciogliersi", + "squagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try", + "render" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidify" + ], + "it": [ + "solidificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become solid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solidify" + ], + "it": [ + "solidificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make solid or more solid; cause to solidify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "freeze out", + "freeze down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from a liquid to a solid when cold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crystallize", + "crystallise", + "crystalize", + "crystalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve" + ], + "it": [ + "disciogliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass into a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo solvation or convert into a solvate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solvate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a solvation in (a substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "react" + ], + "it": [ + "reagire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a chemical reaction; react with another substance under certain conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve the cleansing action of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "resolve", + "break up" + ], + "it": [ + "diluire", + "disciogliere", + "sciogliere", + "stemperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go into a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissolve by breaking down the fat of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve", + "fade out", + "fade away" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become weaker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fade away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "selectively dissolve the surface of (a semiconductor or printed circuit) with a solvent, laser, or stream of electrons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validate" + ], + "it": [ + "convalidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make valid or confirm the validity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidate", + "void", + "vitiate" + ], + "it": [ + "annullare", + "inficiare", + "infirmare", + "invalidare", + "viziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away the legal force of or render ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empty", + "discharge" + ], + "it": [ + "vuotarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become empty or void of its content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean out", + "clear out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow away", + "flow off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow off or away gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleed" + ], + "it": [ + "spurgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drain of liquid or steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail out", + "bale out" + ], + "it": [ + "sgottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (water) from a boat by dipping and throwing over the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create a vacuum in (a bulb, flask, reaction vessel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empty" + ], + "it": [ + "vuotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make void or empty of contents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eviscerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the contents of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "void" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear (a room, house, place) of occupants or empty or clear (a place or receptacle) of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the occupants of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (people) from a building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rid of instructions or data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhaust" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use up the whole supply of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty (as of tobacco) by knocking out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "populate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with inhabitants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain" + ], + "it": [ + "essicare", + "essiccare", + "prosciugare", + "scolare", + "sgocciolare", + "vuotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty of liquid; drain the liquid from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill", + "fill up" + ], + "it": [ + "riempirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become full" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare", + "lacrimare", + "lagrimare", + "piangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with tears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood" + ], + "it": [ + "allagarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become filled to overflowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply a rack with feed for (horses or other animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill", + "fill up", + "make full" + ], + "it": [ + "riempire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make full, also in a metaphorical sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to the point of almost overflowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to overflow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overfill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill beyond capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replenish", + "refill", + "fill again" + ], + "it": [ + "ricaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill something that had previously been emptied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime" + ], + "it": [ + "adescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with priming liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "impinguare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill plentifully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffuse", + "perfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to spread or flush or flood through, over, or across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force a fluid through (a body part or tissue)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to become overspread as with a fluid, a colour, a gleam of light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to flow or flood with or as if with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash down", + "flush down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluice", + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irrigate with water from a sluice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i23999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush", + "scour", + "purge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rinse, clean, or empty with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete" + ], + "it": [ + "integrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a whole, with all the necessary parts or elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make complete or perfect; supply what is wanting or form the complement to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak", + "imbue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill, soak, or imbue totally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saturate" + ], + "it": [ + "saturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a chemical compound, vapour, solution, magnetic material) to unite with the greatest possible amount of another substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be equal or harmonize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match", + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make correspond or harmonize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service" + ], + "it": [ + "revisionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fit for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenize", + "homogenise" + ], + "it": [ + "omogeneizzare", + "omogenizzare", + "uniformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become equal or homogeneous as by mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenize", + "homogenise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become homogeneous or similar, as by mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homogenize", + "homogenise" + ], + "it": [ + "omogeneizzare", + "omogenizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up the fat globules of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curdle", + "clabber", + "clot" + ], + "it": [ + "cagliare", + "coagulare", + "coagularsi", + "rapprendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into curds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clot", + "coagulate" + ], + "it": [ + "coagulare", + "coagularsi", + "raggrumare", + "rapprendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from a liquid to a thickened or solid state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clot", + "coagulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change from a liquid to a solid or thickened state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour", + "turn", + "ferment", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "inacidirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go sour or spoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferment", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "fermentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undergo fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vinify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert a juice into wine by fermentation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush", + "hurry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge to an unnatural speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush", + "hasten", + "hurry", + "look sharp", + "festinate" + ], + "it": [ + "correre", + "andare veloce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or move at high speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delay", + "detain", + "hold up" + ], + "it": [ + "intasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be slowed down or delayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in delaying tactics or refuse to cooperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delay or hold up; prevent from proceeding on schedule or as planned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberately delay an event or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act so as to delay an event or action in order to gain an advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay", + "detain", + "delay" + ], + "it": [ + "fermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop or halt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run water over the ground to erode (soil), revealing the underlying strata and valuable minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash by removing particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become quiet or still; fall silent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hush", + "quieten", + "silence", + "still", + "shut up", + "hush up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be quiet or not talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become loud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppress", + "stamp down", + "inhibit", + "subdue", + "conquer", + "curb" + ], + "it": [ + "reprimere", + "sedare", + "stroncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to put down by force or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibit" + ], + "it": [ + "inibire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limit the range or extent of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of, silence, or suppress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from expression, for example by threats or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squelch", + "quell", + "quench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suppress or crush completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatten", + "flatten out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become flat or flatter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatten on impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatten" + ], + "it": [ + "appiattire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make flat or flatter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroll", + "steamroller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make level or flat with a steamroller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "split open and flatten for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "align", + "aline", + "line up", + "adjust" + ], + "it": [ + "allineare", + "ordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a line or arrange so as to be parallel or straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust and aim (a golf ball) at in preparation of hitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to indicate the same time or rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realign", + "realine" + ], + "it": [ + "riallineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "align anew or better" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "true", + "true up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make level, square, balanced, or concentric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust the line of sight of (an optical instrument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust with a plumb line so as to make vertical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislocate", + "luxate", + "splay", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "disarticolare", + "lussare", + "slogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "align", + "ordinate", + "coordinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring (components or parts) into proper or desirable coordination correlation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misalign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "align imperfectly or badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn or place at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrate", + "incorporate" + ], + "it": [ + "incorporare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a whole or make part of a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lysogenize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become integrated into the genome of (a bacterium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build in" + ], + "it": [ + "incorporare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something an integral part of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-incorporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporate again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrate" + ], + "it": [ + "acculturarsi", + "integrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become one; become integrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standardize", + "standardise" + ], + "it": [ + "normalizzare", + "standardizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to conform to standard or norm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt to a specified measurement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normalize", + "normalise", + "renormalize", + "renormalise" + ], + "it": [ + "normalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make normal or cause to conform to a norm or standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "normalize", + "normalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become normal or return to its normal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or arrange in a new or different determinate position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change shape as via computer animation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "morph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change shape in a computer animation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "wear off", + "wear out", + "wear down", + "wear thin" + ], + "it": [ + "consumare", + "logorarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deteriorate through use or stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilt", + "droop" + ], + "it": [ + "deperire", + "intristire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become limp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralize", + "neutralise" + ], + "it": [ + "neutralizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make chemically neutral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralize", + "neutralise", + "nullify", + "negate" + ], + "it": [ + "mandare a monte", + "sventare", + "vanificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ineffective by counterbalancing the effect of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercialize", + "commercialise", + "market" + ], + "it": [ + "commercializzare", + "mercificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make commercial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eliminate", + "annihilate", + "extinguish", + "eradicate", + "wipe out", + "decimate", + "carry off" + ], + "it": [ + "annientare", + "decimare", + "distruggere", + "sterminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill in large numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill one in every ten, as of mutineers in Roman armies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancel out", + "wipe out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe out the effect of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decouple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce or eliminate the coupling of (one circuit or part to another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decouple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate airborne shock waves from (an explosive)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extinguish", + "eliminate", + "get rid of", + "do away with" + ], + "it": [ + "abolire", + "eliminare", + "rimuovere", + "sopprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate, end, or take out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obliterate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with completely, without leaving a trace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drown" + ], + "it": [ + "affogare", + "annegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of as if by submerging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut out" + ], + "it": [ + "sopprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delete or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkle", + "scintillate", + "coruscate" + ], + "it": [ + "essere vivace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be lively or brilliant or exhibit virtuosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "prune", + "rationalize", + "rationalise" + ], + "it": [ + "sfrondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weed out unwanted or unnecessary things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfect", + "hone" + ], + "it": [ + "perfezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make perfect or complete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish", + "round", + "round off", + "polish up", + "brush up" + ], + "it": [ + "raffinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish", + "refine", + "fine-tune", + "down" + ], + "it": [ + "affinare", + "dirozzare", + "ingentilire", + "perfezionare", + "raffinare", + "rifinire", + "ripulire", + "sgrossare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "improve or perfect by pruning or polishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overrefine", + "over-refine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refine too much or with excess of subtlety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refine", + "rectify" + ], + "it": [ + "defecare", + "purificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate as a fine suspension of solid particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purify", + "sublimate", + "make pure", + "distill" + ], + "it": [ + "lavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge" + ], + "it": [ + "purgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rid of impurities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purify", + "purge", + "sanctify" + ], + "it": [ + "lavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pure or free from sin or guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become clean or pure or free of guilt and sin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualize", + "spiritualise" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritualizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purify from the corrupting influences of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lustrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purify by means of a ritual; also used in post-Communist countries to refer to the political cleansing of former officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deform", + "distort", + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "deformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter the shape of (something) by stress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaundice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distort adversely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape by blowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape into a block or blocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape by using a block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become misshapen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into the shape of a cup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mar", + "impair", + "spoil", + "deflower", + "vitiate" + ], + "it": [ + "alterare", + "cambiare", + "danneggiare", + "guastare", + "rovinare", + "sciupare", + "sconciare", + "viziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make imperfect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff out", + "extinguish" + ], + "it": [ + "estinguere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an end to; kill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or extinguish as if by stamping with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub out", + "crush out", + "extinguish", + "press out" + ], + "it": [ + "schiacciare", + "spegnere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinguish by crushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill", + "obliterate", + "wipe out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark for deletion, rub off, or erase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drown" + ], + "it": [ + "affogare", + "annegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by submerging in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massacre", + "slaughter", + "mow down" + ], + "it": [ + "falcidiare", + "macellare", + "massacrare", + "sterminare", + "trucidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill a large number of people indiscriminately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erase", + "wipe out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from memory or existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanize", + "mechanise" + ], + "it": [ + "automaticizzare", + "automatizzare", + "meccanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mechanical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehumanize", + "dehumanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mechanical or routine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatize", + "automatise", + "automate" + ], + "it": [ + "automatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make automatic or control or operate automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automatize", + "automatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into an automaton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semi-automatize", + "semi-automatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make semiautomatic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanize", + "mechanise" + ], + "it": [ + "automatizzare", + "meccanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make monotonous; make automatic or routine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mechanize", + "mechanise", + "motorize", + "motorise" + ], + "it": [ + "motorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with armed and armored motor vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "systematize", + "systematise", + "systemize", + "systemise" + ], + "it": [ + "sistematizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange according to a system or reduce to a system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "systematize, as by classifying and summarizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become assimilated into the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "codify" + ], + "it": [ + "codificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize into a code or system, such as a body of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finalize", + "finalise", + "settle", + "nail down" + ], + "it": [ + "completare", + "dare una stesura definitiva a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make final; put the last touches on; put into final form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise", + "chord" + ], + "it": [ + "concertare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into consonance, harmony, or accord while making music or singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise", + "reconcile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into consonance or accord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harmonize with or adjust to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodate", + "reconcile", + "conciliate" + ], + "it": [ + "conciliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (one thing) compatible with (another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring (several things) into consonance or relate harmoniously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proportion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give pleasant proportions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate the musical pitch of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compartmentalize", + "compartmentalise", + "cut up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate into isolated compartments or categories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete", + "finish" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere", + "finire", + "terminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come or bring to a finish or an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "top off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish up or conclude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get through", + "wrap up", + "finish off", + "mop up", + "polish off", + "clear up", + "finish up" + ], + "it": [ + "adempiere", + "finire", + "sbrigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish a task completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain with until completion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round out", + "finish out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish or complete, as with some decisive action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culminate", + "climax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end, especially to reach a final or climactic stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "coronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the culminating event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow through", + "follow up", + "follow out", + "carry out", + "implement", + "put through", + "go through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow through or carry out a plan without deviation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixate", + "settle on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fixed (on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glue" + ], + "it": [ + "incollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fixed as if by glue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixate", + "fix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fixed, stable or stationary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarize", + "polarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become polarized in a conflict or contrasting situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarize", + "polarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to concentrate about two conflicting or contrasting positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polarize", + "polarise" + ], + "it": [ + "polarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to vibrate in a definite pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load", + "adulterate", + "stretch", + "dilute", + "debase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance; often by replacing valuable ingredients with inferior ones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin by adding water to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less strong or intense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophisticate", + "doctor", + "doctor up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter and make impure, as with the intention to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leach", + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove substances from by a percolating liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent", + "ventilate", + "air out", + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "aerare", + "aereare", + "arieggiare", + "ventilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to cool or cold air so as to cool or freshen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "sciorinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to warm or heated air, so as to dry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linearize", + "linearise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make linear or get into a linear form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glorify" + ], + "it": [ + "glorificare", + "magnificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow glory upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glorify" + ], + "it": [ + "glorificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to seem more splendid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust the spaces between words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantify", + "measure" + ], + "it": [ + "quantificare", + "misurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express as a number or measure or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure precisely and against a standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure with or as if with scales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure with a meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace", + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure (distances) by pacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock", + "time" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolare la durata di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "time incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back to a statistical means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform or finish an action rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fathom", + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "scandagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titrate" + ], + "it": [ + "titolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure by (the volume or concentration of solutions) by titration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use as a quantifier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become soiled and dirty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unclean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul", + "befoul", + "defile", + "maculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spot, stain, or pollute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pollute", + "foul", + "contaminate" + ], + "it": [ + "ammorbare", + "appestare", + "infettare", + "inquinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make impure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decontaminate" + ], + "it": [ + "decontaminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rid of contamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contaminate" + ], + "it": [ + "contaminare", + "infettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make radioactive by adding radioactive material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debase", + "alloy" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare", + "annacquare", + "diluire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower in value by increasing the base-metal content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devalue" + ], + "it": [ + "svalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower the value or quality of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devalue", + "devaluate" + ], + "it": [ + "svalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the value from; deprive of its value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonetize", + "demonetise" + ], + "it": [ + "demonetare", + "demonetizzare", + "smonetare", + "smonetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of value for payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolate", + "insulate" + ], + "it": [ + "isolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or set apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or isolate (one thing) from another and place in a group apart from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghettoize", + "ghettoise" + ], + "it": [ + "ghettizzare", + "segregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a ghetto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insulate" + ], + "it": [ + "isolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect from heat, cold, or noise by surrounding with insulating material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weatherstrip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with weatherstripping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soundproof" + ], + "it": [ + "isolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insulate against noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seclude from the world in or as if in a cloister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequester", + "sequestrate", + "keep apart", + "set apart", + "isolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set apart from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seclude", + "sequester", + "sequestrate", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "appartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep away from others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarantine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into enforced isolation, as for medical reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maroon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave stranded on a desert island without resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave unchanged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain in pure form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preisolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "isolate beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost", + "advance", + "supercharge" + ], + "it": [ + "sovralimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ammonify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with ammonia; cause to undergo ammonification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thoriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnate with thorium oxide to increase thermionic emission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "imbalsamare", + "impagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with grease, fill, and prepare for mounting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnate", + "saturate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infuse or fill completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saturate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbrue", + "drench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permeate or impregnate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impregnate", + "infuse", + "instill", + "tincture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill, as with a certain quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into lime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into lime; become calcified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become coke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcify" + ], + "it": [ + "calcificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become impregnated with calcium salts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decalcify" + ], + "it": [ + "decalcificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove calcium or lime from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decalcify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose calcium or calcium compounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carnify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become muscular or fleshy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chondrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into cartilage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "citify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accustom to urban ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanize", + "urbanise" + ], + "it": [ + "urbanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more industrial or city-like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urbanize", + "urbanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart urban habits, ways of life, or responsibilities upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrialize", + "industrialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop industry; become industrial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulsify" + ], + "it": [ + "emulsionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into or become an emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulsify" + ], + "it": [ + "emulsionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become an emulsion; make into an emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demulsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down into components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demulsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to demulsify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denazify" + ], + "it": [ + "denazificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from Nazi ideology or detach from Nazi allegiance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarboxylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a carboxyl group from (a chemical compound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarboxylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose a carboxyl group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleanse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purge of an ideology, bad thoughts, or sins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nazify" + ], + "it": [ + "nazificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause or force to adopt Nazism or a Nazi character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denitrify" + ], + "it": [ + "denitrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove nitrogen from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat (soil) with nitrates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fertilize or dress with dung" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilize", + "fertilise", + "feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with fertilizers or add nutrients to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topdress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter manure or fertilizer over (land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulate", + "excite" + ], + "it": [ + "sollecitare", + "solleticare", + "stuzzicare", + "stimolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a stimulant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innervate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "irritate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excite to some characteristic action or condition, such as motion, contraction, or nervous impulse, by the application of a stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch", + "vellicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irritate as if by a nip, pinch, or tear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fertilize", + "fecundate", + "fertilise" + ], + "it": [ + "concimare", + "infertilire", + "letamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fertile or productive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "federalize", + "federalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put under the control and authority of a federal government" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrify", + "nitrogenize", + "nitrogenise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with nitrogen or a nitrogen compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into nitric acid, nitrous acid, or nitrate, especially with the action of nitrobacteria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clear by removing impurities or solids, as by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detoxify", + "detoxicate" + ], + "it": [ + "disintossicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove poison from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devitrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (glassy materials) brittle or opaque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrittle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make brittle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devitrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become crystalline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrify", + "wire" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrificare", + "elettrizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip for use with electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrify" + ], + "it": [ + "elettrizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge (a conductor) with electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "esterify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change (a compound) into an ester" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etherify" + ], + "it": [ + "eterificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into an ether" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make productive or fruitful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fructify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become productive or fruitful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interstratify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange rocks in alternating strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form layers or strata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jellify", + "jelly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jellify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapidify", + "petrify" + ], + "it": [ + "pietrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into stone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fossilize", + "fossilise" + ], + "it": [ + "fossilizzare", + "fossilizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to a fossil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a dot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "contrassegnare", + "soprassegnare", + "segnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or leave a mark on" + ], + "it": [ + "in un testo, marcare qualcosa con un segno in modo da porlo in rilievo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatize", + "stigmatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a stigma or stigmata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or paint with raddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "striate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with striae or striations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark, coat, cover, or stain with ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with red ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put new lines on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with, or as if with, dimples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a spot or spots so as to allow easy recognition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with freckles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become spotted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become freckled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become discolored with, or as if with, mildew spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mottle", + "dapple", + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "macchiettare", + "variegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "colour with streaks or blotches of different shades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harlequin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variegate with spots or marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisscross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a pattern of crossing lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star", + "asterisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with an asterisk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a flag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a tip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide or reset the tail muscles of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tan" + ], + "it": [ + "acconciare", + "conciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat skins and hides with tannic acid so as to convert them into leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into leather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tan (a skin) with bark tannins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "froth", + "spume", + "suds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make froth or foam and become bubbly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a lather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disable", + "disenable", + "incapacitate" + ], + "it": [ + "inabilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unable to perform a certain action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disable or confine, as with an illness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disable by drugging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the wings off (of birds)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enable" + ], + "it": [ + "permettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render capable or able for some task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with abilities or understanding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add a buffer (a solution)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "background", + "play down", + "downplay" + ], + "it": [ + "minimizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understate the importance or quality of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift out or reflect from a background" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wave off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismiss as insignificant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreground", + "highlight", + "spotlight", + "play up" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere in evidenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into the foreground to make more visible or prominent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring out", + "set off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct attention to, as if by means of contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-emphasize", + "de-emphasise", + "destress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the emphasis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender", + "tenderize", + "tenderise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make tender or more tender as by marinating, pounding, or applying a tenderizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process", + "treat" + ], + "it": [ + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat, process, heat, melt, or refine in a reverberatory furnace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat by incorporating fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle with silver iodide particles to disperse and cause rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with an agent; add (an agent) to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulphur", + "sulfur" + ], + "it": [ + "insolfare", + "inzolfare", + "solfare", + "solfitare", + "solforare", + "zolfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with sulphur in order to preserve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulcanize", + "vulcanise" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to vulcanization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with a chromium compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bituminize", + "bituminise" + ], + "it": [ + "bitumare", + "imbitumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with bitumen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Agenize", + "Agenise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "age or bleach flour with Agene (nitrogen trichloride)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to perform again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "energize a battery by passing a current through it in the direction opposite to discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause formation of a net electrical charge in or on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recharge" + ], + "it": [ + "ricaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitate", + "ease", + "alleviate" + ], + "it": [ + "facilitare", + "semplificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make easier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mystify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mysterious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demystify" + ], + "it": [ + "demistificare", + "demitizzare", + "demitologizzare", + "dissacrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less mysterious or remove the mystery from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ], + "it": [ + "ribollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form, produce, or emit bubbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form bubbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foam", + "froth", + "fizz", + "effervesce", + "sparkle", + "form bubbles" + ], + "it": [ + "mussare", + "schiumare", + "spumare", + "spumeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become bubbly or frothy or foaming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foam as if boiling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweeten" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcire", + "ingentilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sweeter, more pleasant, or more agreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupt", + "disturb" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare", + "molestare", + "interrompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy the peace or tranquility of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt a dancing couple in order to take one of them as one's own partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupt", + "disrupt" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare", + "interrompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interfere in someone else's activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to end earlier than intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-ionate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove ions from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iodinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to combine with iodine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-iodinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove iodine from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ionate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add ions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb the balance or stability of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "green" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn or become green" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn blue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrombose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become blocked by a thrombus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagonalize", + "diagonalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform a matrix to a diagonal matrix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archaize", + "archaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an archaic appearance of character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take effect" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare in vigore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go into effect or become effective or operative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the position of (figures or bodies) in space without rotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give character or essence to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive", + "get", + "find", + "obtain", + "incur" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenere", + "ricevere", + "avere", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive a specified treatment (abstract)" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere un determinato trattamento da parte dell'esterno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officialize", + "officialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marbleize", + "marbleise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something look like marble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occidentalize", + "occidentalise", + "westernize", + "westernise" + ], + "it": [ + "occidentalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make western in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orientalize", + "orientalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make oriental in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetylate", + "acetylize", + "acetylise" + ], + "it": [ + "acetilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce an acetyl group into (a chemical compound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acetylate", + "acetylize", + "acetylise" + ], + "it": [ + "acetilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive substitution of an acetyl group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achromatize", + "achromatise" + ], + "it": [ + "acromatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove color from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume", + "acquire", + "adopt", + "take on", + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-assume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on again, as after a time lapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a prim appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel", + "collimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or place parallel to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ritualize", + "ritualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or evolve into a ritual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bromate", + "brominate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react with bromine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an artificially banal or sexual quality to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (spermatozoa) to undergo the physical changes necessary to fertilize an egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carboxylate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat (a chemical compound) with carboxyl or carboxylic acid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caseate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become cheeselike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caseate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "hack on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix a computer program piecemeal until it works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classicize", + "classicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make classic or classical" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn to clinker or form clinker under excessive heat in burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear out the cinders and clinker from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closure", + "cloture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate debate by calling for a vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to compost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conventionalize", + "conventionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make conventional or adapt to conventions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cure" + ], + "it": [ + "conciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare by drying, salting, or chemical processing in order to preserve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become preserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (substances) hard and improve their usability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cure by salting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve with salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recover", + "go back", + "recuperate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regain a former condition after a financial loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rally", + "rebound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to a former condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawn" + ], + "it": [ + "albeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "emerge", + "come out", + "come forth", + "go forth", + "egress" + ], + "it": [ + "fuoriuscire", + "fuoruscire", + "sfogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out suddenly or forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue or emerge in rays or waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter or escape as through a hole or crack or fissure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue or leak, as from a small opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out; issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass out or emerge; especially of rivers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarbonize", + "decarbonise", + "decarburize", + "decarburise", + "decoke" + ], + "it": [ + "decarburare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove carbon from (an engine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimalize", + "decimalise" + ], + "it": [ + "decimalizzare", + "convertire al sistema metrico decimale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change to the decimal system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decimalize", + "decimalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from fractions to decimals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disengage the clutch of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delouse" + ], + "it": [ + "spidocchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free of lice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depopulate", + "desolate" + ], + "it": [ + "spopolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce in population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower", + "lour" + ], + "it": [ + "ridurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set lower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower the rated electrical capability of electrical apparatus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add salt to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desalinate", + "desalt", + "desalinize", + "desalinise" + ], + "it": [ + "desalare", + "dissalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove salt from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take away", + "detract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away a part from; diminish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dizzy" + ], + "it": [ + "frastornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dizzy or giddy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison", + "envenom" + ], + "it": [ + "avvelenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add poison to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exteriorize", + "exteriorise", + "externalize", + "externalise", + "objectify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make external or objective, or give reality to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glamorize", + "glamourise", + "glamourize", + "glamorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make glamorous and attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalize", + "sentimentalise" + ], + "it": [ + "fare del sentimentalismo su" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with sentimentality or turn into an object of sentiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sole", + "resole" + ], + "it": [ + "risolare", + "risuolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a new sole on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp", + "revamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a shoe) with a new vamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel", + "reheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a new heel on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make full of cavities, like a honeycomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laicize", + "laicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to lay status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politicize", + "politicise" + ], + "it": [ + "politicizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a political character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radicalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more radical in social or political outlook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticize", + "romanticise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make romantic in style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redden" + ], + "it": [ + "arrossare", + "imporporare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encrimson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make crimson" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermilion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color vermilion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carmine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "color carmine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ruby red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn with ruby red color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redden as if with a red ocher color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lend a rustic character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add zest or flavor to, make more interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallow", + "shoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become shallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shallow", + "shoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make shallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the tension on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack" + ], + "it": [ + "allascare", + "lascare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release tension on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steepen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make steeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steepen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become steeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superannuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retire or become ineligible because of old age or infirmity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superannuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become obsolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ulcerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo ulceration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scramble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unintelligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unscramble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make intelligible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the qualities typical of one's sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitrify" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrificare", + "vetrificarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo vitrification; become glassy or glass-like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitrify" + ], + "it": [ + "vetrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into glass or a glass-like substance by applying heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulcanize", + "vulcanise" + ], + "it": [ + "vulcanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo vulcanization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall", + "dull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less interesting or attractive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die", + "pall", + "become flat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose sparkle or bouquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become flat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saponify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into soap by hydrolizing an ester into an acid and alcohol as a result of treating it with an alkali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saponify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become converted into soap by being hydrolized into an acid and alcohol as a result of being treated with an alkali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move", + "go", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "progress by being changed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or develop as a residence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead up", + "initiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set in motion, start an event or prepare the way for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break through", + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through (a barrier)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "presentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "widen", + "broaden", + "extend" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare", + "ampliare", + "espandere", + "estendere", + "ingrandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in scope or range or area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorialize", + "territorialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend by adding territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globalize", + "globalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make world-wide in scope or application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend", + "expand" + ], + "it": [ + "espandere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expand the influence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expand" + ], + "it": [ + "accrescere", + "allargare", + "ampliare", + "dilatare", + "espandere", + "ingrandire", + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bigger or wider in size, volume, or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarge with a reamer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by making a hole or by boring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ], + "it": [ + "stiracchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend the scope or meaning of; often unduly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emasculate", + "castrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of strength or vigor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position" + ], + "it": [ + "raggiungere un livello, uno stato, un'estensione, una scadenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deplete of strength or vitality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspend", + "set aside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make inoperative or stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "dress out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill and prepare for market or consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be struck or affected by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make understandable and clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch on" + ], + "it": [ + "affermarsi", + "attecchire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become popular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop", + "grow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow emotionally or mature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outgrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow too large or too mature for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make turbid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transform" + ], + "it": [ + "trasformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a mathematical transformation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broil", + "bake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat by a natural force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reheat" + ], + "it": [ + "riscaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook in a simmering liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift", + "raise", + "elevate" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "elevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise in rank or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dignify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise the status of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exalt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise in rank, character, or status" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exalt to the position of a God" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change quickly from one emotional state to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harshen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make harsh or harsher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop", + "acquire", + "evolve" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain through experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow out", + "effuse" + ], + "it": [ + "sfogare", + "sgorgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow or spill forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emanate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed or issue forth, as from a source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "white-out", + "whiteout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose daylight visibility in heavy fog, snow, or rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dingy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dinge", + "batter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dent or impression in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crescendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow louder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decrescendo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow quieter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assibilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into a sibilant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoothen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become smooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonize", + "demonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a demon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devilize", + "devilise", + "diabolize", + "diabolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into a devil or make devilish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etherealize", + "etherialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ethereal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immaterialize", + "immaterialise", + "unsubstantialize", + "unsubstantialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render immaterial or incorporeal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animize", + "animise", + "animate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give lifelike qualities to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come back", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "ricomparire", + "tornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be restored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "come out", + "break through", + "push through" + ], + "it": [ + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become hostile towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one level to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangle", + "mutilate", + "murder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter so as to make unrecognizable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move and exchange for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one state to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clear, bright, light, or translucent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save", + "make unnecessary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unnecessary an expenditure or effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct one's interest or attention towards; go into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "risollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invigorate or heighten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch", + "shift", + "change" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare", + "mutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay aside, abandon, or leave for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or undergo a transition (from one state or system to another)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to convert or undergo a transition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change gears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepen", + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become deeper in tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change suddenly from one tone quality or register to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surf", + "channel-surf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "switch channels, on television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamize", + "dynamise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a drug) effective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dynamize", + "dynamise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more dynamic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concretize", + "concretise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become specific" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarefy", + "sublimate", + "subtilize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more subtle or refined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volatilize", + "volatilise" + ], + "it": [ + "volatilizzare", + "volatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make volatile; cause to pass off in a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniformize", + "uniformise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symmetrize", + "symmetrise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make symmetric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo decay or decomposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliquesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "melt away in the process of decay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immortalize", + "immortalise", + "eternize", + "eternise", + "eternalize", + "eternalise" + ], + "it": [ + "eternare", + "immortalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make famous forever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commute", + "transpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange positions without a change in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syncretize", + "syncretise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (alcohol) unfit for drinking without impairing usefulness for other purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify (as a native protein) especially by heat, acid, alkali, or ultraviolet radiation so that all of the original properties are removed or diminished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add nonfissionable material to (fissionable material) so as to make unsuitable for use in an atomic bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrupt" + ], + "it": [ + "scombussolare", + "scompigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw into disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitize", + "sanitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less offensive or more acceptable by removing objectionable features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a verb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporate (attitudes or ideas) into one's personality unconsciously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell" + ], + "it": [ + "aumentare", + "ingrossare", + "ingrossarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in size, magnitude, number, or intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "transpose", + "transplant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer from one place or period to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from one setting or context to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change in quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove with or as if with a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sputter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undergo a process in which atoms are removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix" + ], + "it": [ + "amalgamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine (electronic signals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert the genetic information in (a strand of DNA) into a strand of RNA, especially messenger RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring or lead someone to a certain action or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one form into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dope" + ], + "it": [ + "drogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add impurities to (a semiconductor) in order to produce or modify its properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternate dramatically between high and low values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be seized or affected in a specified way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring (a surface or a design) into relief and cause to project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "wash out", + "wash off", + "wash away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by the application of water or other liquid and soap or some other cleaning agent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lull", + "calm down" + ], + "it": [ + "calmarsi", + "placarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become quiet or less intensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render helpless or defenseless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop further" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become resolved, fixed, established, or quiet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a magnetic field in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excite", + "energize", + "energise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise to a higher energy level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crush" + ], + "it": [ + "sfracellarsi", + "spiaccicarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become injured, broken, or distorted by pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "scotere", + "scuotere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a specified condition by or as if by shaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outmode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unfashionable, outdated, or obsolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spice", + "spice up" + ], + "it": [ + "condire", + "rendere gustoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more interesting or flavorful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add zest or liveliness to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "run out", + "give out" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove insufficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap", + "jump" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare", + "sbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass abruptly from one state or topic to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shift to a counterclockwise direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shift to a clockwise direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shorten" + ], + "it": [ + "accorciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make short or shorter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shorten as if by severing the edges or ends of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cast down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a disappointed or sad expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become used up; be exhausted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust the supply of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into a given condition by mental preoccupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "favor the development of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate" + ], + "it": [ + "deflazionare", + "disinflazionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce or cut back the amount or availability of, creating a decline in value or prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the amount or availability of, creating a rise in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce deflation in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflate" + ], + "it": [ + "inflazionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause prices to rise by increasing the available currency or credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "economics: raise demand, expand the money supply, or raise prices, after a period of deflation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "economics: experience reflation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "format", + "initialize", + "initialise" + ], + "it": [ + "formattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide (a disk) into marked sectors so that it may store data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digitize", + "digitise", + "digitalize", + "digitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into digital form, as for use in a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrolyze", + "hydrolyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo hydrolysis; decompose by reacting with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrolize", + "hydrolise" + ], + "it": [ + "idrolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a compound react with water and undergo hydrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saccharify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into a simple soluble fermentable sugar by hydrolyzing a sugar derivative or complex carbohydrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "fold up" + ], + "it": [ + "piegarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become folded or folded up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumple", + "crumple", + "wrinkle", + "crease", + "crinkle" + ], + "it": [ + "raggrinzare", + "raggrinzire", + "sgualcirsi", + "spiegazzarsi", + "stazzonare", + "stropicciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become wrinkled or crumpled or creased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatinize", + "gelatinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into gelatinous form or jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatinize", + "gelatinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become gelatinous or change into a jelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gelatinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with gelatin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt", + "felt up", + "mat up", + "matt-up", + "matte up", + "matte", + "mat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change texture so as to become matted and felt-like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause genetic recombination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recombine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo genetic recombination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert from a fixed point notation to a floating point notation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminize", + "feminise", + "effeminize", + "effeminise", + "womanize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to give a (more) feminine, effeminate, or womanly quality or appearance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masculinize", + "masculinise", + "virilize", + "virilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce virilism in or cause to assume masculine characteristics, as through a hormonal imbalance or hormone therapy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masculinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a masculine appearance or character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feminize", + "feminise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume (more) feminine characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a chemical bond with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind chemically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disharmonize", + "dissonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sound harsh and unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsolesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become obsolete, fall into disuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sexualize", + "sexualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sexual, endow with sex, attribute sex to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schematize", + "schematise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give conventional form to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make open to sight or notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalize", + "constitutionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporate into a constitution, make constitutional" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalize", + "rationalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove irrational quantities from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalinize", + "stalinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform in accordance with Stalin's policies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destalinize", + "destalinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counteract the effects and policies of Stalinism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasticize", + "plasticise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make plastic, as by the addition of a plasticizer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plasticize", + "plasticise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become plastic, as by having a plasticizer added" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into scrap or refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a surface on which it is adsorbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away from the surface to which (a substance) is adsorbed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rarefy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the density or solidity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deepen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make deeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become faint or more distant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall away or decline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remove", + "take away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of something abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be piled up in banks or heaps by the force of wind or a current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paganize", + "paganise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pagan in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defervesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience an abatement of a fever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incandesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become incandescent or glow with heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incandesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become incandescent or glow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become inflexible and unchanging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be subject to fluctuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop using" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become spent or exhausted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a downward direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain or discourage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaminate", + "deaminize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the amino radical (usually by hydrolysis) from an amino compound; to perform deamination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or become angular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make circular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitize", + "sensitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a material) sensitive to light, often of a particular colour, by coating it with a photographic emulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitize", + "sensitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sensitive to a drug or allergen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo conjugation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depolarize", + "depolarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate the polarization of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demineralize", + "demineralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the minerals or salts from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intensify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the chemically affected part of (a negative) denser or more opaque in order produce a stronger contrast between light and dark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomerize", + "isomerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into an isomer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isomerize", + "isomerise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change into an isomer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legitimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (an illegitimate child) legitimate; declare the legitimacy of (someone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eliminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (an unknown variable) from two or more equations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporate", + "vaporise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaporate", + "vaporise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change into a vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expectorate", + "clear out", + "drive out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear out the chest and lungs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indurate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fixed or established" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass imperceptibly from one degree, shade, or tone into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratinize", + "keratinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become horny and impregnated with keratin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keratinize", + "keratinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into keratin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "industrialize", + "industrialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize (the production of something) into an industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beneficiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process (ores or other raw materials), as by reduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "novate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replace with something new, especially an old obligation by a new one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become opaque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opacify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make opaque" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opsonize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (cells) more susceptible to the action of phagocytes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become due for repayment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militarize", + "militarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adopt for military use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nationalize", + "nationalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make national in character or scope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularize", + "popularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make understandable to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make attractive or acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop youthful topographical features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall into ruin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentimentalize", + "sentimentalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (someone or something) sentimental or imbue with sentimental qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo sequestration by forming a stable compound with an ion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solemnize", + "solemnise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make solemn and grave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinate", + "subdue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make subordinate, dependent, or subservient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorialize", + "territorialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a territorial basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transaminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo transfer from one compound to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transaminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change (an amino group) by transferring it from one compound to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfigure", + "glorify", + "spiritualize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevate or idealize, in allusion to Christ's transfiguration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsanctify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the sanctification from or make unsanctified" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesiculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become vesicular or full of air cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vesiculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become vesicular or full of air cells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visualize", + "visualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase and decrease in volume or pitch, as if in waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "variegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the appearance of, especially by marking with different colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vascularize", + "vascularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become vascular and have vessels that circulate fluids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with an opening to allow air to circulate or gas to escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more striking or animated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vulgarise", + "vulgarize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "debase and make vulgar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely by or as if by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scorch", + "sear", + "singe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become superficially burned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make pliant and flexible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a sudden and severe downturn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professionalize", + "professionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make professional or give a professional character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "professionalize", + "professionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become professional or proceed in a professional manner or in an activity for pay or as a means of livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make obscene" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make motionless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give better travel conditions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get better travel conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change phonetically as part of a systematic historical change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour or flow in a steady stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "flip out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go mad, go crazy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weaponize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into or use as a weapon or a potential weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflagrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn with great heat and intense light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diazotize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (an amine) into a diazo compound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (plant material) into hay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lignify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into wood or cause to become woody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transform (a metal) into an ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mineralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into a mineral substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ozonize", + "ozonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (oxygen) into ozone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into slag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into a sulfate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cutinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into cutin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change into a duplex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eroticize", + "sex up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give erotic character to or make more interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become sticky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into alignment with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block the action of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downsize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce in size or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downsize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make in a smaller size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off or away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become deformed by forces tending to produce a shearing strain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify (software) for use on a different machine or platform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce a vowel to a neutral one, such as a schwa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carve out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a larger whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lifehack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's day-to-day activities more efficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer or be susceptible to damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grok", + "get the picture", + "comprehend", + "savvy", + "dig", + "grasp", + "compass", + "apprehend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get the meaning of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie low" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to try to avoid detection especially by police" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understand" + ], + "it": [ + "capire", + "comprendere", + "intendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "know and comprehend the nature or meaning of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprehend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell", + "smell out", + "sense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become aware of not through the senses but instinctively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasp the meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch on", + "get wise", + "get onto", + "tumble", + "latch on", + "cotton on", + "twig", + "get it" + ], + "it": [ + "afferrare", + "capire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understand, usually after some initial difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprehend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "know or grasp by intuition or feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ], + "it": [ + "digerire", + "imparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange and integrate in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understand", + "realize", + "realise", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "capire", + "comprendere", + "intendere", + "realizzare", + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisire coscienza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perceive" + ], + "it": [ + "intuire", + "percepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become conscious of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click", + "get through", + "dawn", + "come home", + "get across", + "sink in", + "penetrate", + "fall into place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonate", + "come across" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be received or understood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike a chord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create an emotional response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciate", + "take account" + ], + "it": [ + "rendersi conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fully aware of; realize fully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do justice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show due and full appreciation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider reasonable or due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge", + "recognize", + "recognise", + "know" + ], + "it": [ + "ricordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge a new land owner as one's landlord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concede the loss or worthlessness of something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understand", + "infer" + ], + "it": [ + "dedurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "believe to be the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrapolate" + ], + "it": [ + "estrapolare", + "extrapolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain knowledge of (an area not known or experienced) by extrapolating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understand", + "read", + "interpret", + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sense of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathize", + "sympathise", + "empathize", + "empathise", + "understand" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be understanding of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know", + "cognize", + "cognise" + ], + "it": [ + "sapere", + "conoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about" + ], + "it": [ + "essere a conoscenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep informed of fully aware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to keep informed or aware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ignorant of or in the dark about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ], + "it": [ + "sapere", + "contare", + "confidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt" + ], + "it": [ + "essere sicuro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscere", + "sapere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "know how to do or perform something" + ], + "it": [ + "sapere per esperienza o per apprendistato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have fixed in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have (something) mastered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know the score", + "be with it", + "be on the ball", + "know what's going on", + "know what's what" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be well-informed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know", + "experience", + "live" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscere", + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relive", + "live over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience again, often in the imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master", + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "dominare", + "conoscere a fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "master", + "get the hang" + ], + "it": [ + "padroneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become completely proficient or skilled in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learn", + "larn", + "acquire" + ], + "it": [ + "apprendere", + "imparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain knowledge or skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relearn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learn something again, as after having forgotten or neglected it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlearn" + ], + "it": [ + "disapprendere", + "disimparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discard something previously learnt, like an old habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlearn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to forget; put out of one's memory or knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learn belatedly; find out about something after it happened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learn", + "hear", + "get word", + "get wind", + "pick up", + "find out", + "get a line", + "discover", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "sentire", + "sapere", + "apprendere", + "imparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally" + ], + "it": [ + "venire a conoscenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get the goods" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover some bad or hidden information about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wise up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get wise to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wise up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause someone to become aware of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip up", + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detect a blunder or misstep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "learn", + "study", + "read", + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "studiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a student of a certain subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend academic courses without getting credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb", + "engross", + "engage", + "occupy" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consume all of one's attention or time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy or engage the interest of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage fully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steep", + "immerse", + "engulf", + "plunge", + "engross", + "absorb", + "soak up" + ], + "it": [ + "immergersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devote (oneself) fully to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunge", + "immerse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be immersed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be immersed in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "believe or accept without questioning or challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "espouse", + "embrace", + "adopt", + "sweep up" + ], + "it": [ + "abbracciare", + "sposare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up the cause, ideology, practice, method, of someone and use it as one's own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take up", + "latch on", + "fasten on", + "hook on", + "seize on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adopt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb", + "assimilate", + "ingest", + "take in" + ], + "it": [ + "acquisire", + "assimilare", + "assorbire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbibe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive into the mind and retain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprentice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or work as an apprentice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train", + "prepare" + ], + "it": [ + "preparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo training or instruction in preparation for a particular role, function, or profession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train", + "develop", + "prepare", + "educate" + ], + "it": [ + "educare", + "esercitare", + "formare", + "insegnare", + "istruire", + "allenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by training and teaching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach new skills" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill" + ], + "it": [ + "istruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train in the military, e.g., in the use of weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo military training or do military exercises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housebreak", + "house-train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train (a pet) to live cleanly in a house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughhouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in rough or disorderly play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toilet-train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train (a small child) to use the toilet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorize", + "memorise", + "con", + "learn" + ], + "it": [ + "memorizzare", + "imparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit to memory; learn by heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understudy", + "alternate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be an understudy or alternate for a role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indoctrinate" + ], + "it": [ + "indottrinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach doctrines to; teach uncritically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionize", + "revolutionise", + "inspire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with revolutionary ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect in a contagious way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submit to brainwashing; indoctrinate forcibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cram", + "grind away", + "drum", + "bone up", + "swot", + "get up", + "mug up", + "swot up", + "bone" + ], + "it": [ + "sgobbare", + "sgropponare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "study intensively, as before an exam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill", + "exercise", + "practice", + "practise" + ], + "it": [ + "allenarsi", + "esercitare", + "esercitarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learn by repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach by repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer in", + "drill in", + "ram down", + "beat in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach by drills and repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inculcate", + "instill", + "infuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "din" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instill (into a person) by constant repetition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain committed to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study", + "hit the books" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learn by reading books" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study" + ], + "it": [ + "studiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "major" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as one's principal field of study" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember", + "retrieve", + "recall", + "call back", + "call up", + "recollect", + "think" + ], + "it": [ + "evocare", + "rammentare", + "ricordare", + "ricordarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive as familiar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to distinguish, recognize as being different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "know" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "know the nature or character of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be capable of conscious thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "slip one's mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass out of one's memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forget", + "block", + "blank out", + "draw a blank" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unable to remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to mind", + "spring to mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind", + "bear in mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember", + "think of" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in mind for attention or consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retain" + ], + "it": [ + "tenere a mente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forget", + "bury" + ], + "it": [ + "scordare", + "seppellire", + "dimenticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismiss from the mind; stop remembering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognize", + "recognise" + ], + "it": [ + "ravvisare", + "riconoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive to be the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remind" + ], + "it": [ + "ricordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in the mind of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause someone to remember the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remind or urge constantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reminisce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recall the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember", + "think back" + ], + "it": [ + "rievocare", + "ricordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recapture the past; indulge in memories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commemorate", + "remember" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrare", + "commemorare", + "ricordare", + "rievocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to remembrance; keep alive the memory of someone or something, as in a ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise, or have the power of, memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commemorate", + "memorialize", + "memorialise", + "immortalize", + "immortalise", + "record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or provide a memorial to a person or an event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monumentalize", + "monumentalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record or memorialize lastingly with a monument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commemorate", + "mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark by some ceremony or observation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppress", + "repress" + ], + "it": [ + "rimuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out of one's consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forget", + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticare", + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave behind unintentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast aside capriciously or unfeelingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandon", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas or claims" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandonare", + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandon", + "forsake", + "desolate", + "desert" + ], + "it": [ + "piantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandon by leaving out in the open air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave suddenly, often as an expression of disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forget" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticare", + "scordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forget to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglect", + "pretermit", + "omit", + "drop", + "miss", + "leave out", + "overlook", + "overleap" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenticare", + "interrompere", + "lasciare", + "tralasciare", + "trascurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave undone or leave out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elide" + ], + "it": [ + "elidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave or strike out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "omit (a letter or syllable) in speaking or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclude", + "except", + "leave out", + "leave off", + "omit", + "take out" + ], + "it": [ + "escludere", + "omettere", + "ommettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from being included or considered or accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglect" + ], + "it": [ + "trascurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to attend to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inattentive to, or neglect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "pass over", + "skip", + "skip over" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare", + "trascurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bypass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attend to", + "take to heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get down to; pay attention to; take seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neglect", + "ignore", + "disregard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give little or no attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard favorably or with disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretermit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disregard intentionally or let pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slight", + "cold-shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay no attention to, disrespect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misremember" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remember incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "err", + "mistake", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "peccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make a mistake or be incorrect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumble", + "slip up", + "trip up" + ], + "it": [ + "sbagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistake", + "misidentify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identify incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider to be equal or the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type", + "typecast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identify as belonging to a certain type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identify", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "identificare", + "individuare", + "riconoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ], + "it": [ + "datare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a date to; determine the (probable) date of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign the wrong date to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confuse", + "confound" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere", + "scambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mistake one thing for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misconstrue", + "misinterpret", + "misconceive", + "misunderstand", + "misapprehend", + "be amiss" + ], + "it": [ + "equivocare", + "fraintendere", + "interpretare male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret in the wrong way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to hear and understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump", + "mix up" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere", + "sconcertare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be perplexed or confounded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addle", + "muddle", + "puddle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrogliare", + "ingarbugliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix up or confuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confuse", + "blur", + "obscure", + "obnubilate" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unclear, indistinct, or blurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become muddy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear", + "clear up", + "shed light on", + "crystallize", + "crystallise", + "crystalize", + "crystalise", + "straighten out", + "sort out", + "enlighten", + "illuminate", + "elucidate" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarire", + "dipanare", + "districare", + "risolvere", + "sbrogliare", + "far chiarezza", + "fare chiarezza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear" + ], + "it": [ + "permettere di comprendere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read between the lines" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read what is implied but not expressed on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puzzle over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to solve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confuse", + "throw", + "fox", + "befuddle", + "fuddle", + "bedevil", + "confound", + "discombobulate" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demoralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confuse or put into disorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perplex", + "vex", + "stick", + "get", + "puzzle", + "mystify", + "baffle", + "beat", + "pose", + "bewilder", + "flummox", + "stupefy", + "nonplus", + "gravel", + "amaze", + "dumbfound" + ], + "it": [ + "disorientare", + "sconcertare", + "sfasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a mystery or bewildering to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set a difficult problem or riddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpret", + "construe", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "decifrare", + "intendere", + "interpretare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sense of; assign a meaning to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythicize", + "mythicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret as a myth or in terms of mythology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "literalize", + "literalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make literal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritualize", + "spiritualise" + ], + "it": [ + "spiritualizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a spiritual meaning to; read in a spiritual sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinterpret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a new or different meaning to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allegorize", + "allegorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret as an allegory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "read" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misread", + "misinterpret" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret wrongly" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretare male" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealize", + "idealise" + ], + "it": [ + "idealizzare", + "mitizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form ideals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret something that is written or printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anagram", + "anagrammatize", + "anagrammatise" + ], + "it": [ + "anagrammare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read letters out of order to discover a hidden meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reread" + ], + "it": [ + "rileggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read anew; read again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read selectively; read only certain passages from a text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empanel", + "impanel", + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select from a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decipher", + "trace" + ], + "it": [ + "decifrare", + "decodificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comprehend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read out loud as words written numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictate" + ], + "it": [ + "dettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say out loud for the purpose of recording" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divine by gazing into crystals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read", + "scan" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain data from magnetic tapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misread" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "leggere male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read or interpret wrongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim", + "skim over" + ], + "it": [ + "sfogliare", + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read superficially" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere superficialmente, consultare rapidamente e frettolosamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipread", + "lip-read", + "speech-read" + ], + "it": [ + "leggere le labbra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret by lipreading; of deaf people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyread", + "subedit", + "copyedit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edit and correct (written or printed material)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proofread", + "proof" + ], + "it": [ + "correggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read for errors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think", + "cogitate", + "cerebrate" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalize", + "rationalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think rationally; employ logic or reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalize away", + "rationalise away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substitute a natural for a supernatural explanation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or formulate in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider carefully and rationally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philosophize", + "philosophise" + ], + "it": [ + "filosofare", + "filosofeggiare", + "filosofizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason philosophically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainstorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to solve a problem by thinking intensely about it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chew over", + "think over", + "meditate", + "ponder", + "excogitate", + "contemplate", + "muse", + "reflect", + "mull", + "mull over", + "ruminate", + "speculate" + ], + "it": [ + "cogitare", + "ponderare", + "ruminare", + "riflettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect deeply on a subject" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare, valutare a lungo e in modo approfondito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premeditate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think or reflect beforehand or in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theologize", + "theologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make theoretical speculations about theology or discuss theological subjects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect on one's own thoughts and feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think", + "opine", + "suppose", + "imagine", + "reckon", + "guess" + ], + "it": [ + "credere", + "immaginare", + "pensare", + "porre", + "supporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expect, believe, or suppose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume", + "presume", + "take for granted" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "presupporre", + "supporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think logically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or construct theories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theorize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct a theory about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratiocinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason methodologically and logically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculate", + "theorize", + "theorise", + "conjecture", + "hypothesize", + "hypothesise", + "hypothecate", + "suppose" + ], + "it": [ + "congetturare", + "teorizzare", + "supporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconstruct", + "construct", + "retrace" + ], + "it": [ + "ricostruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reassemble mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymologize", + "etymologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct the history of words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reason", + "reason out", + "conclude" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solve", + "work out", + "figure out", + "puzzle out", + "lick", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "risolvere", + "sbrogliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer", + "resolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "understand the meaning of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explain a riddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a grip on; get mastery of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guess", + "infer" + ], + "it": [ + "azzeccare", + "indovinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guess correctly; solve by guessing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ], + "it": [ + "rispondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the correct answer or solution to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason or establish by induction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deduce", + "infer", + "deduct", + "derive" + ], + "it": [ + "arguire", + "dedurre", + "desumere", + "inferire", + "ricavare", + "supporre", + "derivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason by deduction; establish by deduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establish", + "base", + "ground", + "found" + ], + "it": [ + "fondare", + "basare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use as a basis for; found on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "found or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculate", + "cipher", + "cypher", + "compute", + "work out", + "reckon", + "figure" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolare", + "computare", + "conteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a mathematical calculation or computation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantize", + "quantise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply quantum theory to; restrict the number of possible values of (a quantity) or states of (a physical entity or system) so that certain variables can assume only certain discrete magnitudes that are integral multiples of a common factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be calculated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate the root of a number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform mathematical and logical operations on (data) according to programmed instructions in order to obtain the required information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide or assess proportionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a proportional settlement or distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscalculate", + "misestimate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "calcolare male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recalculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach by calculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average", + "average out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compute the average of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ], + "it": [ + "elevare al quadrato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise to the second power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise to the third power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor", + "factor in", + "factor out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resolve into factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor", + "factor in", + "factor out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as relevant when making a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add", + "add together" + ], + "it": [ + "sommare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an addition by combining numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "foot up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add a column of numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtract", + "deduct", + "take off" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonare", + "dedurre", + "detrarre", + "levare", + "scalare", + "sottrarre", + "togliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a subtraction" + ], + "it": [ + "detrarre un importo da una somma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deduct a loss or an unused credit from taxable income for a prior period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "multiply" + ], + "it": [ + "moltiplicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine by multiplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "multiply (a number) by itself a specified number of times: 8 is 2 raised to the power 3" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divide", + "fraction" + ], + "it": [ + "dividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a division" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halve" + ], + "it": [ + "dimezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide by two; divide into halves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide by four; divide into quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpolate", + "extrapolate" + ], + "it": [ + "interpolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate the value of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differentiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate a derivative; take the derivative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "integrate" + ], + "it": [ + "integrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate the integral of; calculate by integration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyze", + "analyse", + "psychoanalyze", + "psychoanalyse" + ], + "it": [ + "psicanalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to psychoanalytic treatment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyze", + "analyse", + "break down", + "dissect", + "take apart" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzare", + "esaminare", + "risolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components or essential features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parse" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analyze syntactically by assigning a constituent structure to (a sentence)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesize", + "synthesise" + ], + "it": [ + "sintetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine so as to form a more complex, product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synthesize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine and form a synthesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyze", + "analyse", + "study", + "examine", + "canvass", + "canvas" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzare", + "esaminare", + "studiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analyze down to the smallest detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botanize", + "botanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect and study plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnose", + "name" + ], + "it": [ + "diagnosticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a diagnostic analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagnose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a medical analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explore" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine (organs) for diagnostic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put out feelers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make some preliminary investigations or test the waters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explore" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine minutely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine thoroughly and in great depth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey", + "appraise" + ], + "it": [ + "fare il bilancio di", + "passare in rassegna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider in a comprehensive way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey" + ], + "it": [ + "fare il rilevamento topografico di", + "misurare", + "rilevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plot a map of (land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "survey by triangulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure", + "mensurate", + "measure out" + ], + "it": [ + "misurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the measurements of something or somebody, take measurements of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the altitude of by using a sextant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure by using trigonometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caliper", + "calliper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the diameter of something with calipers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a survey of; for statistical purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prospect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research", + "search", + "explore" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inquire into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "google" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search the internet (for information) using the Google search engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mapquest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search for a location and directions by means of the MapQuest program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-explore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast about", + "beat about", + "cast around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search anxiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explore" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel to or penetrate into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pioneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open up and explore a new area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cave", + "spelunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore natural caves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discriminate", + "know apart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize or perceive the difference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtilize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark fine distinctions and subtleties, as among words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distinguish", + "separate", + "differentiate", + "secern", + "secernate", + "severalize", + "severalise", + "tell", + "tell apart" + ], + "it": [ + "differenziare", + "distinguere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark as different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish (an element or atom) by using a radioactive isotope or an isotope of unusual mass for tracing through chemical reactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard or consider in a specific way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react in an offended or angry manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish (as a compound or molecule) by introducing a labeled atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell the sex (of young chickens)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individualize", + "individualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or mark or treat as individual" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distinguish", + "mark", + "differentiate" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddistinguere", + "differenziare", + "distinguere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait; sometimes in a very positive sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identify", + "discover", + "key", + "key out", + "distinguish", + "describe", + "name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identify as in botany or biology, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalogue", + "catalog" + ], + "it": [ + "catalogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an itemized list or catalog of; classify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compare" + ], + "it": [ + "comparare", + "confrontare", + "paragonare", + "raffrontare", + "ragguagliare", + "riscontrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine and note the similarities or differences of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analogize", + "analogise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an analogy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllogize", + "syllogise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason by syllogisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compare", + "liken", + "equate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i24999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconsider" + ], + "it": [ + "riconsiderare", + "rimeditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider again; give new consideration to; usually with a view to changing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconsider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider again (a bill) that had been voted upon before, with a view to altering it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come round", + "come around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change one's position or opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classify", + "class", + "sort", + "assort", + "sort out", + "separate" + ], + "it": [ + "classificare", + "smistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or order by classes or categories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "isolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (experiences) from the emotions relating to them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refer" + ], + "it": [ + "riferirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclassify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classify anew, change the previous classification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sort according to size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dichotomize", + "dichotomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into two opposing groups or kinds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeonhole", + "stereotype", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "etichettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat or classify according to a mental stereotype" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group" + ], + "it": [ + "raggruppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange into a group or groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regroup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reorganize into new groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "classify or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collocate", + "lump", + "chunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "group or chunk together in a certain order or place side by side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "categorize", + "categorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into or assign to a category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade" + ], + "it": [ + "classificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the grade of or assign a grade to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade", + "score", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "dare un voto a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a grade or rank to, according to one's evaluation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate", + "rank", + "range", + "order", + "grade", + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a rank or rating to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superordinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a superior order or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shortlist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put someone or something on a short list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute (players or teams) so that outstanding teams or players will not meet in the early rounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorder" + ], + "it": [ + "riordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a new order to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the order of soldiers during a march" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outclass" + ], + "it": [ + "surclassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear in a lower class" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "posporre", + "subordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rank or order as less important or consider of less value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "come in", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a place in a competition; often followed by an ordinal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain priority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or have a position relative to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prioritize", + "prioritise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a priority to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in a sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downgrade" + ], + "it": [ + "declassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate lower; lower in value or esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upgrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rate higher; raise in value or esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate", + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "quotare", + "stimare", + "valutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate the value of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in opposition to show or emphasize differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "severalize", + "severalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish or separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradistinguish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish by contrasting qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collate" + ], + "it": [ + "collazionare", + "confrontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compare critically; of texts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "check up on", + "look into", + "check out", + "suss out", + "check over", + "go over", + "check into" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "riguardare", + "verificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoporre a prova di funzionamento, correttezza, precisione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "check off", + "mark", + "mark off", + "tick off", + "tick" + ], + "it": [ + "contrassegnare", + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a check mark on or near or next to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receipt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or stamp as paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see", + "check", + "insure", + "see to it", + "ensure", + "control", + "ascertain", + "assure" + ], + "it": [ + "appurare", + "assodare", + "controllare", + "vedere", + "guardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something" + ], + "it": [ + "verificare la fondatezza di una qualche ipotesi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verify by using a duplicate register for comparison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ], + "it": [ + "accertare", + "controllare", + "correggere", + "rivedere", + "verificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "verify by consulting a source or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check once more to be absolutely sure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-check" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una controprova di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check out conflicting sources; crosscheck facts, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sure of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask someone for identification to determine whether he or she is old enough to consume liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot-check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick out random samples for examination in order to ensure high quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authenticate" + ], + "it": [ + "autenticare", + "convalidare", + "vidimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish the authenticity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verify" + ], + "it": [ + "accertare", + "appurare", + "constatare", + "controllare", + "costatare", + "verificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confirm the truth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove", + "demonstrate", + "establish", + "show", + "shew" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrare", + "avere", + "mostrare", + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show one's ability or courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode" + ], + "it": [ + "sfatare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show (a theory or claim) to be baseless, or refute and make obsolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay down", + "establish", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "fissare", + "instaurare", + "istaurare", + "porre", + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "institute, enact, or establish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove" + ], + "it": [ + "verificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain probate of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirm", + "corroborate", + "sustain", + "substantiate", + "support", + "affirm" + ], + "it": [ + "accreditare", + "confermare", + "confortare", + "convalidare", + "corroborare", + "ravvalorare", + "suffragare", + "avallare", + "avvalorare", + "certificare", + "comprovare", + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "document" + ], + "it": [ + "comprovare", + "documentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support or supply with references" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specify the origin of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negate", + "contradict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove negative; show to be false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidate", + "nullify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show to be invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validate" + ], + "it": [ + "convalidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove valid; show or confirm the validity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disprove", + "confute" + ], + "it": [ + "confutare", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove to be false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refute", + "rebut", + "controvert" + ], + "it": [ + "confutare", + "oppugnare", + "rintuzzare", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove to be false or incorrect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove false" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest", + "endure", + "stick out", + "stomach", + "bear", + "stand", + "tolerate", + "support", + "brook", + "abide", + "suffer", + "put up" + ], + "it": [ + "digerire", + "reggere", + "soffrire", + "sopportare", + "sostenere", + "tollerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put up with something or somebody unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept", + "live with", + "swallow" + ], + "it": [ + "trangugiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tolerate or accommodate oneself to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand for", + "hold still for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tolerate or bear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endure cheerfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take lying down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer without protest; suffer or endure passively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take it on the chin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo failure or defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a joke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen to a joke at one's own expense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "submit" + ], + "it": [ + "subire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept or undergo, often unwillingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endure to the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evaluate", + "pass judgment", + "judge" + ], + "it": [ + "giudicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a critical opinion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or maintain a position or stand on an issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misjudge" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "giudicare male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underestimate", + "underrate" + ], + "it": [ + "sottostimare", + "sottovalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make too low an estimate of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "underestimate the real value or ability of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcapitalize", + "overcapitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overestimate the market value of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overestimate", + "overrate" + ], + "it": [ + "sopravalutare", + "sopravvalutare", + "supervalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make too high an estimate of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the result of (a competition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estimate", + "gauge", + "approximate", + "guess", + "judge" + ], + "it": [ + "giudicare", + "iudicare", + "misurare", + "stimare", + "valutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quantize", + "quantise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approximate (a signal varying continuously in amplitude) by one whose amplitude is restricted to a prescribed set of discrete values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misgauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gauge something incorrectly or improperly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "put", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "stimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate the duration or outcome of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lowball", + "underestimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sottostimare", + "sottovalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a deliberately low estimate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approve" + ], + "it": [ + "approvare", + "ratificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge to be right or commendable; think well of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frown on", + "frown upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look disapprovingly upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapprove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider bad or wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubberstamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approve automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choose", + "take", + "select", + "pick out" + ], + "it": [ + "cernere", + "scegliere", + "scernere", + "selezionare", + "trascegliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose by or as if by divine intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select (a team or individual player) for a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieve", + "sift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish and separate out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select or take in from a given group or region" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose by means of a dial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plump", + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give support (to) or make a choice (of) one out of a group or number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select carefully from a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand-pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick personally and very carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excerpt", + "extract", + "take out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cull out", + "winnow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select desirable parts from a group or list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream off", + "skim off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick the best" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieve out", + "pick over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assign", + "specify", + "set apart" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select something or someone for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedicate" + ], + "it": [ + "consacrare", + "dedicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set apart to sacred uses with solemn rites, of a church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a specific task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schedule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan for an activity or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a time for an activity or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "scritturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage for a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calendar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a calendar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a time slot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single out" + ], + "it": [ + "scegliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select from a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choose", + "prefer", + "opt" + ], + "it": [ + "preferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select as an alternative over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opt out", + "cop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose not to do something, as out of fear of failing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choose" + ], + "it": [ + "scegliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prejudice", + "prepossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence (somebody's) opinion in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bias", + "predetermine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be biased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slant", + "angle", + "weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present with a bias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make susceptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispose", + "incline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make receptive or willing towards an action or attitude or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indispose", + "disincline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unwilling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prejudge" + ], + "it": [ + "farsi a priori un giudizio di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge beforehand, especially without sufficient evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure", + "evaluate", + "valuate", + "assess", + "appraise", + "value" + ], + "it": [ + "periziare", + "stimare", + "valutare", + "misurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate the value of (property) for taxation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "standardize", + "standardise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaluate by comparing with a standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reappraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appraise anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassess", + "reevaluate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revise or renew one's assessment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "censor" + ], + "it": [ + "censurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to political, religious, or moral censorship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bethink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or ponder something carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believe" + ], + "it": [ + "credere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as true; take to be true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assert or affirm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have trust in; trust in the truth or veracity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believe" + ], + "it": [ + "credere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "credit with veracity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believe" + ], + "it": [ + "credere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow a credo; have a faith; be a believer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misbelieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold a false or unorthodox belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbelieve", + "discredit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reject as false; refuse to accept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "include" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere", + "includere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as part of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include as if by counting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsume", + "colligate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider (an instance of something) as part of a general rule or principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule out", + "eliminate", + "winnow out", + "reject" + ], + "it": [ + "scartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismiss from consideration or a contest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reject" + ], + "it": [ + "repudiare", + "ripudiare", + "rifiutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to accept or acknowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiate" + ], + "it": [ + "sconfessare", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to acknowledge, ratify, or recognize as valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge or except to a judge as being incompetent or interested, in canon and civil law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or hold as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as true or valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept (documents) as valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprobate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reject (documents) as invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubt" + ], + "it": [ + "dubitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider unlikely or have doubts about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doubt" + ], + "it": [ + "dubitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack confidence in or have doubts about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discredit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be distrusted or disbelieved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distrust", + "mistrust", + "suspect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rely on for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust", + "swear", + "rely", + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have confidence or faith in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rethink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify one's opinion, make it less strong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "about-face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change one's mind and assume the opposite viewpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surmise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infer from incomplete evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think", + "believe", + "consider", + "conceive" + ], + "it": [ + "credere", + "pensare", + "ritenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge or regard; look upon; judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose the mind in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think of", + "repute", + "regard as", + "look upon", + "look on", + "esteem", + "take to be" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare", + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look on as or consider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ], + "it": [ + "sentirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a feeling or perception about oneself in reaction to someone's behavior or attitude" + ], + "it": [ + "avere di se stessi una certa opinione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see", + "consider", + "reckon", + "view", + "regard" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare", + "reputare", + "vedere", + "ritenere", + "volere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deem to be" + ], + "it": [ + "avere una certa opinione di qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consider" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or regard as being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel about or towards; consider, evaluate, or regard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relativize", + "relativise" + ], + "it": [ + "relativizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or treat as relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider (oneself) as similar to somebody else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "avvantaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as the favorite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider an abstract concept to be real" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypostatize", + "hypostatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construe as a real existence, of a conceptual entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idealize", + "idealise" + ], + "it": [ + "idealizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider or render as ideal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romanticize", + "romanticise", + "glamorize", + "glamourise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret romantically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deify" + ], + "it": [ + "deificare", + "divinizzare", + "indiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as a god or godlike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apotheosize", + "apotheosise", + "apotheose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deify or glorify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deem", + "hold", + "view as", + "take for" + ], + "it": [ + "ritenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respect", + "esteem", + "value", + "prize", + "prise" + ], + "it": [ + "rispettare", + "stimare", + "valutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard highly; think much of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think the world of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "esteem very highly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrespect", + "disesteem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have little or no respect for; hold in contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undervalue" + ], + "it": [ + "sottovalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "esteem lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assay" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "analyze (chemical substances)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bioassay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a bio-assay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "value" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix or determine the value of; assign a value to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overvalue", + "overestimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sopravalutare", + "sopravvalutare", + "supervalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign too high a value to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undervalue", + "underestimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sottovalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign too low a value to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow (currencies) to fluctuate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "reexamine" + ], + "it": [ + "ripassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at again; examine again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "look back", + "retrospect" + ], + "it": [ + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look back upon (a period of time, sequence of events); remember" + ], + "it": [ + "percorrere col pensiero, riandare indietro con la memoria, passare in rassegna qualcosa del passato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "go over", + "survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold a review (of troops)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "brush up", + "refresh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refresh one's memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audit", + "scrutinize", + "scrutinise", + "inspect" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "riscontrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen" + ], + "it": [ + "setacciare", + "vagliare", + "passare al vaglio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine methodically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decide", + "make up one's mind", + "determine" + ], + "it": [ + "risolvere", + "decidersi", + "decidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach, make, or come to a decision about something" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere una decisione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate as being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "will" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine by choice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intend or have as a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide irrevocably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decide", + "settle", + "resolve", + "adjudicate" + ], + "it": [ + "risolvere", + "decidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to an end; settle conclusively" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere una questione con un giudizio definitivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide how much is to be paid on an insurance claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decide" + ], + "it": [ + "decidere", + "far prendere una decisione a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to decide" + ], + "it": [ + "indurre qualcuno a fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purpose", + "resolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determine", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "determinare", + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix conclusively or authoritatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix the paternity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "format" + ], + "it": [ + "formattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the arrangement of (data) for storage and display (in computer science)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or ask for a certain price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix in scope; fix the boundaries of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initialize", + "initialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign an initial value to a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determine", + "shape", + "mold", + "influence", + "regulate" + ], + "it": [ + "influenzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or influence; give direction to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscreate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or form or make badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have influence to a specified degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decide" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilire", + "decidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence or determine" + ], + "it": [ + "avere valore determinante" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape anew or differently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set the speed, duration, or execution of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index" + ], + "it": [ + "indicizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust through indexation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate or set the pace of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predetermine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestine", + "foreordain", + "preordain" + ], + "it": [ + "predestinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foreordain or determine beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jinx" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foredoom to failure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestine", + "predestinate", + "foreordain" + ], + "it": [ + "predestinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foreordain by divine will or decree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cogitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider carefully and deeply; reflect upon; turn over in one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliberate or decide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemplate" + ], + "it": [ + "contemplare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider as a possibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premeditate" + ], + "it": [ + "premeditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider, ponder, or plan (an action) beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood", + "dwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think moodily or anxiously about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study", + "meditate", + "contemplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzare", + "impostare", + "meditare", + "pianificare", + "programmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make plans for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan", + "be after" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the will and intention to carry out some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw a bead on", + "aspire", + "aim", + "shoot for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aim too high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overrun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run beyond or past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope", + "go for" + ], + "it": [ + "sperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intend with some possibility of fulfilment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project", + "propose" + ], + "it": [ + "proporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present for consideration, examination, criticism, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward for consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put before (a body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame", + "compose", + "draw up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up plans or basic details for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspire", + "cabal", + "complot", + "conjure", + "machinate" + ], + "it": [ + "complottare", + "cospirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in plotting or enter into a conspiracy, swear together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coconspire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conspire together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterplot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a plot in response to another plot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conspire", + "collude" + ], + "it": [ + "contribuire", + "cospirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in unison or agreement and in secret towards a deceitful or illegal purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheme", + "intrigue", + "connive" + ], + "it": [ + "brigare", + "complottare", + "intrallazzare", + "intrigare", + "tramare", + "trescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form intrigues (for) in an underhand manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot" + ], + "it": [ + "complottare", + "congiurare", + "cospirare", + "macchinare", + "ordire", + "tessere", + "tramare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan secretly, usually something illegal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scheme" + ], + "it": [ + "progettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devise a system or form a scheme for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intend", + "mean", + "think" + ], + "it": [ + "intendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have in mind as a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destine or designate for a certain purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aim", + "purpose", + "purport", + "propose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose or intend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderare", + "disiderare", + "volere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wish or demand the presence of" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere di qualcuno o richiedere la sua presenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intend", + "destine", + "designate", + "specify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "design or destine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "disegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan something for a specific role or purpose or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designate or schedule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mastermind", + "engineer", + "direct", + "organize", + "organise", + "orchestrate" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan and oversee the development and details of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore or survey for the purpose of making a map" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chart" + ], + "it": [ + "tracciare il grafico di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a chart of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plat", + "plot" + ], + "it": [ + "fare la pianta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a plat of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a detailed plan or design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan where and when songs should be inserted into a theatrical production, or plan a theatrical production in general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay out a full-scale working drawing of the lines of a vessel's hull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "design as an engineer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertain", + "think of", + "toy with", + "flirt with", + "think about" + ], + "it": [ + "accarezzare", + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take into consideration, have in view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dally", + "trifle", + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider not very seriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculate", + "estimate", + "reckon", + "count on", + "figure", + "forecast" + ], + "it": [ + "valutare", + "contare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge to be probable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscalculate", + "misestimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reckon", + "count" + ], + "it": [ + "contare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take account of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count", + "bet", + "depend", + "look", + "calculate", + "reckon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have faith or confidence in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calculate", + "aim", + "direct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "associate", + "tie in", + "relate", + "link", + "colligate", + "link up", + "connect" + ], + "it": [ + "collegare", + "congiungere", + "legare", + "associare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a logical or causal connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrelate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into a mutual relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into a mutual, complementary, or reciprocal relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decouple", + "dissociate" + ], + "it": [ + "dissociare", + "dividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard as unconnected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "identify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceive of as united or associated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free-associate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "associate freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debate" + ], + "it": [ + "discutere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argue with one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclude" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere", + "esaurire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a close" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find", + "feel" + ], + "it": [ + "trovare", + "pensare", + "credere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere una certa impressione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin down", + "peg down", + "nail down", + "narrow down", + "narrow", + "specify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "define clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concretize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something concrete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "decree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide with authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overrule", + "overturn", + "override", + "overthrow", + "reverse" + ], + "it": [ + "rovesciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presuppose", + "suppose" + ], + "it": [ + "presupporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require as a necessary antecedent or precondition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presuppose", + "suppose" + ], + "it": [ + "presupporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postulate", + "posit" + ], + "it": [ + "postulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take as a given; assume as a postulate or axiom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insist", + "assert" + ], + "it": [ + "affermare", + "asserire", + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assert to be true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premise", + "premiss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take something as preexisting and given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "react", + "respond" + ], + "it": [ + "rispondere", + "reagire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show a response or a reaction to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "flip out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react in an excited, delighted, or surprised way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overreact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show an exaggerated response to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react to a stimulus or command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sexually responsive to, used of a female domesticated mammal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react to a decoy, of wildfowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respond" + ], + "it": [ + "rispondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respond favorably or as hoped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greet" + ], + "it": [ + "salutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react to in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show a violent emotional reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react favorably to; consider right and proper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respond to a signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expect", + "anticipate" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettare", + "aspettarsi", + "attendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard something as probable or likely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expect", + "look", + "await", + "wait" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettare", + "attendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look forward to the probable occurrence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expect or hope for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn one's interests or expectations towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipate", + "previse", + "foreknow", + "foresee" + ], + "it": [ + "intravedere", + "intravvedere", + "presagire", + "prevedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "realize beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell" + ], + "it": [ + "dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discern or comprehend" + ], + "it": [ + "avere l'intuizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believe", + "trust" + ], + "it": [ + "credere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be confident about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascertain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "learn or discover with certainty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discover", + "find" + ], + "it": [ + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a discovery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere il prezzo di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascertain or learn the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferret out", + "ferret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search and discover through persistent investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrate", + "focus", + "center", + "centre", + "pore", + "rivet" + ], + "it": [ + "concentrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct one's attention on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold (someone's attention)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause one's (or someone else's) thoughts or attention to return from a reverie or digression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focus one's attention on a certain state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose in one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occur", + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "venire in mente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to one's mind; suggest itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allow", + "take into account" + ], + "it": [ + "calcolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow or plan for a certain possibility; concede the truth or validity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget for" + ], + "it": [ + "preventivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate enough money for; provide for in the budget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "budget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a budget" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allow", + "appropriate", + "earmark", + "set aside", + "reserve" + ], + "it": [ + "accantonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be concerned with or about something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beware", + "mind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on one's guard; be cautious or wary about; be alert to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amaze", + "astonish", + "astound" + ], + "it": [ + "meravigliare", + "sbalordire", + "strabiliare", + "stupefare", + "stupire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with wonder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dazzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amaze or bewilder, as with brilliant wit or intellect or skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise" + ], + "it": [ + "cogliere", + "meravigliare", + "sorprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be surprised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode a bombshell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or do something surprising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ], + "it": [ + "cuccare", + "sorprendere", + "trovare", + "beccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state" + ], + "it": [ + "cogliere di sorpresa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become aware of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flabbergast", + "boggle", + "bowl over" + ], + "it": [ + "sbigottire", + "sconcertare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome with amazement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impute", + "ascribe", + "assign", + "attribute" + ], + "it": [ + "ascrivere", + "imputare", + "attribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute or credit to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute (responsibility or fault) to a cause or source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensualize", + "carnalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascribe to an origin in sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give someone credit for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reattribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute to another source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthropomorphize", + "anthropomorphise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascribe human features to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "personify", + "personate" + ], + "it": [ + "personificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute human qualities to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accredit", + "credit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascribe an achievement to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blame", + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute responsibility to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into someone's consciousness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impress", + "ingrain", + "instill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or try to produce a vivid impression of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognize", + "recognise", + "realize", + "realise", + "agnize", + "agnise" + ], + "it": [ + "sapere", + "riconoscere", + "rendersi conto", + "sentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fully aware or cognizant of" + ], + "it": [ + "avere coscienza di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elicit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derive by reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrate", + "fathom", + "bottom" + ], + "it": [ + "penetrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace", + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder", + "inquire", + "enquire" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere", + "chiedersi", + "domandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a wish or desire to know something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project", + "externalize", + "externalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard as objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internalize", + "internalise", + "interiorize", + "interiorise" + ], + "it": [ + "interiorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incorporate within oneself; make subjective or personal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think of", + "have in mind", + "mean" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intend to refer to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demarcate", + "delimit", + "delimitate" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrivere", + "delimitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set, mark, or draw the boundaries of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demarcate" + ], + "it": [ + "delimitare", + "demarcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate clearly, as if by boundaries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the depth of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "fare", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make, formulate, or derive in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider expenditures as capital assets rather than expenses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compute the present value of a business or an income" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcapitalize", + "overcapitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate the capital value of (a company) at an unreasonably or unlawfully high level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find out", + "catch out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trap; especially in an error or in a reprehensible act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concenter", + "concentre", + "focalize", + "focalise", + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into focus or alignment; to converge or cause to converge; of ideas or emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focus anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "pay", + "devote" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dedicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resign", + "reconcile", + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as inevitable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observe", + "keep", + "maintain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick to correctly or closely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discountenance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show disapproval by discouraging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolve", + "solve" + ], + "it": [ + "risolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find the solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factorize", + "factorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resolve (a polynomial) into factors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misgive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggest fear or doubt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "align", + "array" + ], + "it": [ + "schierare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "align oneself with a group or a way of thinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall in line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agree on (a position)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "believe in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a firm conviction as to the goodness of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consider", + "take", + "deal", + "look at" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare", + "prendere", + "guardare", + "affrontare", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take into consideration for exemplifying purposes" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere mentalmente in considerazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think about" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have on one's mind, think about actively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider apart from a particular case or instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant", + "implant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put firmly in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a dateline; mark with a date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dateline", + "datemark", + "date-mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a date and place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date", + "date stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stamp with a date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrange", + "set up", + "put", + "order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise", + "contemporize", + "contemporise" + ], + "it": [ + "sincronizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or represent events so that they co-occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awaken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make aware" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "analyze", + "analyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down into components or essential features" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor analyse", + "factor analyze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to perform a factor analysis of correlational data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere viva l'attenzione di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold the attention of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-create" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form anew in the imagination; recollect and re-form in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink in", + "drink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fascinated or spell-bound by; pay close attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain in the forefront of one's awareness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from expressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab", + "seize" + ], + "it": [ + "avvincere", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capture the attention or imagination of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seize", + "clutch", + "get hold of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear (a cost or penalty), in recompense for some action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take one's lumps", + "get one's lumps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer the results or consequences of one's behavior or actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find the solution or key to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "guastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find a flaw in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in a loud voice or announce" + ], + "it": [ + "attrarre l'attenzione di qualcuno usando la voce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include, as on a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ], + "it": [ + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ponder; reflect on, or reason about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide by pondering, reasoning, or reflecting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calibrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure the caliber of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relegate", + "classify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a class or kind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assign", + "attribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide as to where something belongs in a scheme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approximate by ignoring all terms beyond a chosen one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as legally binding and valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicate", + "intercommunicate" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit thoughts or feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yak", + "gab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk profusely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerspell", + "finger-spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate by means of specific gestures, as an alternative to sign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aphorize", + "aphorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak or write in aphorisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in riddles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrug off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "minimize the importance of, brush aside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicate", + "pass on", + "pass", + "pass along", + "put across" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare", + "rendere noto", + "far sapere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit information" + ], + "it": [ + "far sapere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send a message" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or constitute a signal, not necessarily verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate vividly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "get through", + "get hold of", + "contact" + ], + "it": [ + "contattare", + "raggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in or establish communication with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send a message from one computer to another to check whether it is reachable and active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact, usually in order to remind of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish radio communications with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diphthongize", + "diphthongise" + ], + "it": [ + "dittongare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from a simple vowel to a diphthong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo breaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attempt to communicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to speak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get across", + "put over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with a nasal twang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocalize", + "vocalise", + "phonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter speech sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak or recite rapidly or in a rolling voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "commissionare", + "ordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a request for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a new request to be supplied with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to arrange for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue an order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predestine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decree or determine beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "will" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decree or ordain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destine", + "fate", + "doom", + "designate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decree or designate beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "tell", + "enjoin", + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "comandare", + "dire", + "ordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere come comando" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "order", + "prescribe", + "dictate" + ], + "it": [ + "disporre", + "intimare", + "ordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue commands or orders for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force", + "thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "imporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose urgently, importunately, or inexorably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to speak or say" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrude", + "obtrude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrust oneself in as if by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose or inflict forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick", + "sting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saddle with something disagreeable or disadvantageous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflict", + "bring down", + "visit", + "impose" + ], + "it": [ + "imporre", + "infliggere", + "sottoporre", + "dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose something unpleasant" + ], + "it": [ + "attribuire come castigo, punizione o condanna" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflict as a punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furlough" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a leave to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to have or take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to force onto another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "command with authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "appuntare", + "indirizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give directions to; point somebody into a certain direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct and control (the flight of an airplane during landing) via radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point the way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate the right path or direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instruct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give instructions or directions for some task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruct or command with authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruct (a jury) about the law, its application, and the weighing of evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "saddle", + "burden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose a task upon, assign a responsibility to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overburden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burden with too much work or responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert a force or cause a strain upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm", + "deluge", + "flood out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge someone with too many tasks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign authority to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mandatory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command", + "require" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere", + "comandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make someone do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "featherbed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hire more workers than are necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ], + "it": [ + "comandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in command of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "general" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "command as a general" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct or command as an officer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere", + "chiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a request or demand for something to somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "request", + "bespeak", + "call for", + "quest" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere", + "richiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express the need or desire for; ask for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "request" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask (a person) to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a solicitation or petition for something desired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere a qualcuno di svolgere una certa funzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order or request or give a command for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request an encore, from a performer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requisition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a formal request for official services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contact, as with a pager or by calling somebody's name over a P.A. system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "petition" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare una petizione a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a petition for something to somebody; request formally and in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "esigere", + "pretendere", + "chiedere", + "richiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request urgently and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "command solemnly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal", + "invoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask", + "require", + "expect" + ], + "it": [ + "esigere", + "richiedere", + "aspettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider obligatory; request and expect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim", + "take", + "exact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess", + "pretend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state insincerely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contend", + "postulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain or assert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to establish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a disclaimer about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disown", + "renounce", + "repudiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostatize", + "apostatise", + "tergiversate" + ], + "it": [ + "rinnegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandon one's beliefs or allegiances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deny or renounce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renounce a legal claim or title to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim", + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay claim to; as of an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plead or ask for earnestly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask humbly (for something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for humbly or earnestly, as in prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a humble, earnest petition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beg", + "implore", + "pray" + ], + "it": [ + "implorare", + "pitoccare", + "pregare", + "scongiurare", + "supplicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call upon in supplication; entreat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appeal or request earnestly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid", + "beseech", + "entreat", + "adjure", + "press", + "conjure" + ], + "it": [ + "implorare", + "scongiurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for or request earnestly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pray" + ], + "it": [ + "pregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commune" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate intimately with; be in a state of heightened, intimate receptivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commune", + "communicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive Communion, in the Catholic church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a plea, as in courts of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess" + ], + "it": [ + "professare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confess one's faith in, or allegiance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercede", + "mediate", + "intermediate", + "liaise", + "arbitrate" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre", + "arbitrare", + "mediare", + "risolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act between parties with a view to reconciling differences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear", + "solve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle, as of a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle by agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negociate", + "negotiate", + "talk terms" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattare", + "negoziare", + "patteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss the terms of an arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renegociate", + "renegotiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revise the terms of in order to limit or regain excess profits gained by the contractor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renegociate", + "renegotiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negociate anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer with another in order to come to terms or reach an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in negotiations in order to reach an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse-trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiate with much give and take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parley" + ], + "it": [ + "parlamentare", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss, as between enemies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "powwow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold a powwow, talk, conference or meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palaver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a lengthy discussion, usually between people of different backgrounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "square off", + "square up", + "determine" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodare", + "aggiustare", + "appianare", + "conciliare", + "regolare", + "risolvere", + "sistemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle conclusively; come to terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle conclusively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete a business deal, negotiation, or an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end a legal dispute by arriving at a settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "mettersi d'accordo", + "acconsentire", + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare condizioni o compromessi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plea-bargain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agree to plead guilty in return for a lesser charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bargain" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattare", + "mercanteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to terms; arrive at an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconcile", + "patch up", + "make up", + "conciliate", + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propitiate", + "appease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make peace with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask (for something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urge", + "urge on", + "press", + "exhort" + ], + "it": [ + "esortare", + "incalzare", + "incitare", + "sollecitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force or impel in an indicated direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push", + "bear on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press, drive, or impel (someone) to action or completion of an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push into action by pestering or annoying gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persuade" + ], + "it": [ + "persuadere", + "convincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause somebody to adopt a certain position, belief, or course of action; twist somebody's arm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pressure or urge someone into an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring round", + "bring around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to adopt an opinion or course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "induce or persuade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade through constant efforts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ], + "it": [ + "convincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade somebody to accept something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chat up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk to someone with the aim of persuading him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak with fire and passion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "memorialize", + "memorialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address in a memorial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keynote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the keynote address to (an audience)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk out of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade someone not to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade somebody to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw in as if with a rope; lure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheedle", + "cajole", + "palaver", + "blarney", + "coax", + "sweet-talk", + "inveigle" + ], + "it": [ + "allettare", + "persuadere", + "convincere con le buone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence or urge by gentle urging, caressing, or flattering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elocute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declaim in an elocutionary manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use flattering talk on somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-soap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade someone through flattery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert", + "win over", + "convince" + ], + "it": [ + "convincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proselytize", + "proselytise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert to another faith or religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brainwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade completely, often through coercion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissuade", + "deter" + ], + "it": [ + "dissuadere", + "distogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away from by persuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induce", + "stimulate", + "cause", + "have", + "get", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "indurre", + "ingenerare", + "avere", + "causare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incite, move, or persuade to some act of lawlessness or insubordination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encourage" + ], + "it": [ + "animare", + "esortare", + "incitare", + "incoraggiare", + "invogliare", + "spingere", + "spronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spur on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "actively cause something to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undertake a certain action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompt", + "inspire", + "instigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as the inciting cause of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argue", + "reason" + ], + "it": [ + "discutere", + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present reasons and arguments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-argue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argue again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argue", + "indicate" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present", + "represent", + "lay out" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forward and present to the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expostulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reason with (somebody) for the purpose of dissuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "argue", + "contend", + "debate", + "fence" + ], + "it": [ + "discutere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an argument about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispute or argue stubbornly (especially minor points)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quibble", + "niggle", + "pettifog", + "bicker", + "squabble", + "brabble" + ], + "it": [ + "accapigliarsi", + "battibeccare", + "beccarsi", + "bisticciare", + "bisticciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argue over petty things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brawl", + "wrangle" + ], + "it": [ + "accapigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to quarrel noisily, angrily or disruptively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamor", + "clamour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make loud demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a brief and petty quarrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polemize", + "polemise", + "polemicize", + "polemicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a controversy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarrel", + "dispute", + "scrap", + "argufy", + "altercate" + ], + "it": [ + "accapigliare", + "altercare", + "contendere", + "discutere", + "litigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a disagreement over something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a breach in relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppose" + ], + "it": [ + "avversare", + "osteggiare", + "opporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be against; express opposition to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppose", + "controvert", + "contradict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be resistant to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assure" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assure somebody of the truth of something with the intention of giving the listener confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm", + "influence", + "tempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "induce into action by using one's charm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibber" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chatter inarticulately; of monkeys" + ], + "it": [ + "squittire confusamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hex", + "bewitch", + "glamour", + "witch", + "enchant", + "jinx" + ], + "it": [ + "affascinare", + "ammaliare", + "gettare iettature", + "incantare", + "portare iella", + "stregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast a spell over someone or something; put a hex on someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bewitch by or as if by a voodoo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "magnetize", + "mesmerize", + "mesmerise", + "magnetise", + "bewitch", + "spellbind" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaliare", + "calamitare", + "ipnotizzare", + "magnetizzare", + "stregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract strongly, as if with a magnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use persuasion successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "importune", + "insist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beg persistently and urgently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besiege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harass, as with questions or requests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrupt", + "disrupt", + "break up", + "cut off" + ], + "it": [ + "fermare", + "interrompere", + "sospendere", + "spezzare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a break in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt the flow of current in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put away", + "put aside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away from and put aside, perhaps temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pause", + "intermit", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una pausa", + "sostare", + "fermarsi un momento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease an action temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest", + "breathe", + "catch one's breath", + "take a breather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a short break from one's activities in order to relax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a rest to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to regain its breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take five" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a break for five minutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take ten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a ten minute break" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chime in", + "cut in", + "put in", + "butt in", + "chisel in", + "barge in", + "break in" + ], + "it": [ + "intromettersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break into a conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst in on", + "burst upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digress", + "stray", + "divagate", + "wander" + ], + "it": [ + "dipartire", + "divagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose clarity or turn aside especially from the main subject of attention or course of argument in writing, thinking, or speaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue", + "go on", + "carry on", + "proceed" + ], + "it": [ + "continuare", + "procedere", + "proseguire", + "seguitare", + "andare avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue talking" + ], + "it": [ + "seguitare a parlare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go ahead", + "plow ahead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed (with a plan of action)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed without interruption; in music or talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "solicit", + "accost" + ], + "it": [ + "abbordare", + "adescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approach with an offer of sexual favors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay unsolicited and usually unwanted sexual attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solicit", + "beg", + "tap" + ], + "it": [ + "mendicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a solicitation or entreaty for something; request urgently or persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek alms, as for religious purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entice", + "lure", + "tempt" + ], + "it": [ + "incitare", + "istigare", + "sommuovere", + "tentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provoke someone to do something through (often false or exaggerated) promises or persuasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "snare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entice and trap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lure or entice away from duty, principles, or proper conduct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade to come away from something attractive or interesting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lure with a stool, as of wild fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entice or induce especially when unwise or mistaken" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweedle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entice through the use of music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try presumptuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask", + "inquire", + "enquire" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere", + "domandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inquire about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask" + ], + "it": [ + "porre", + "chiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct or put; seek an answer to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be nosey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question", + "query" + ], + "it": [ + "domandare", + "interrogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pose a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpellate" + ], + "it": [ + "interpellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question formally about policy or government business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretly collect sensitive or classified information; engage in espionage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy", + "stag", + "snoop", + "sleuth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch, observe, or inquire secretly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investigate", + "inquire", + "enquire" + ], + "it": [ + "indagare", + "inquisire", + "investigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct an inquiry or investigation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiz", + "test" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine someone's knowledge of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examine" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question closely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross examine", + "cross question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question closely, or question a witness that has already been questioned by the opposing side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechize", + "catechise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine through questioning and answering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catechize", + "catechise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give religious instructions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinforce", + "reward" + ], + "it": [ + "consolidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strengthen and support with rewards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonfeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach without challenging the students" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrogate", + "question" + ], + "it": [ + "interrogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pose a series of questions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe", + "examine" + ], + "it": [ + "investigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question or examine thoroughly and closely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-examine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "question after cross-examination by opposing counsel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "investigate", + "look into" + ], + "it": [ + "indagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "investigate scientifically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "telephone", + "call up", + "phone", + "ring" + ], + "it": [ + "telefonare", + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone" + ], + "it": [ + "contattare telefonicamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cell phone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call up by using a cellular phone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a phone call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dial" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate a dial to select a telephone number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang on", + "hold the line", + "hold on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold the phone line open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecommunicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate over long distances, as via the telephone or e-mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate by telex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summon", + "summons", + "cite" + ], + "it": [ + "citare", + "convocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call in an official matter, such as to attend court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call, summon, or alert with a beeper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall", + "call back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon to return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return or repeat a telephone call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon to a particular activity or employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon (a vouchee) into court to warrant or defend a title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call with a buzzer" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare col cicalino" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "send for" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order, request, or command to come" + ], + "it": [ + "far venire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to stop the hunt or to retire, as of hunting dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convoke", + "convene" + ], + "it": [ + "convocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to duty, military service, jury duty, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subpoena" + ], + "it": [ + "citare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve or summon with a subpoena" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask someone in a friendly way to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempt", + "allure" + ], + "it": [ + "istigare", + "zimbellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose or incline or entice to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provoke", + "stimulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide the needed stimulus for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejuvenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a stream or river) to erode, as by an uplift of the land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate to remember" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call on", + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "book all available places or tickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schedule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a schedule; plan the time and place for events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange a program of or for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reschedule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a new time and place for an event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve" + ], + "it": [ + "prenotare", + "riserbare", + "riservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain or arrange (for oneself) in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forbid", + "prohibit", + "interdict", + "proscribe", + "veto", + "disallow", + "nix" + ], + "it": [ + "proibire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "command against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ban" + ], + "it": [ + "bandire", + "proscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prohibit especially by legal means or social pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar", + "debar", + "exclude" + ], + "it": [ + "escludere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from entering; keep out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue an injunction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reject", + "spurn", + "freeze off", + "scorn", + "pooh-pooh", + "disdain", + "turn down" + ], + "it": [ + "disdegnare", + "respingere", + "sdegnare", + "sprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reject with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in a blustering or scornful manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refuse", + "decline" + ], + "it": [ + "recusare", + "ricusare", + "rifiutarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show unwillingness towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept", + "consent", + "go for" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept despite lack of complete satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent in writing to pay money to a trade union for political use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to pay a levy to a union for political use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuff", + "snub", + "repel" + ], + "it": [ + "respingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reject outright and bluntly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abjure", + "recant", + "forswear", + "retract", + "resile" + ], + "it": [ + "abiurare", + "apostatare", + "rinnegare", + "ritrattare", + "sconfessare", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief, usually under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow", + "take back", + "unsay", + "withdraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take back what one has said" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misstate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state something incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat", + "pull back", + "back out", + "back away", + "crawfish", + "crawfish out", + "pull in one's horns", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "arretrare", + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a retreat from an earlier commitment or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revoke", + "annul", + "lift", + "countermand", + "reverse", + "repeal", + "overturn", + "rescind", + "vacate" + ], + "it": [ + "abolire", + "abrogare", + "annullare", + "cassare", + "revocare", + "rivocare", + "sciogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancel officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "renege", + "renege on", + "renegue on", + "go back on" + ], + "it": [ + "mancare alla parola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to fulfill a promise or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancel", + "invalidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make invalid for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket", + "bracket out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into brackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross off", + "cross out", + "strike out", + "strike off", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "radiare", + "sbarrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismiss", + "disregard", + "brush aside", + "brush off", + "discount", + "push aside", + "ignore" + ], + "it": [ + "disconoscere", + "misconoscere", + "respingere", + "sconoscere", + "ignorare", + "snobbare", + "trascurare", + "non far caso a", + "non curarsi di", + "non tener in nessun conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bar from attention or consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "count again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disregard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismiss", + "throw out" + ], + "it": [ + "archiviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease to consider; put out of judicial consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoff", + "flout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with contemptuous disregard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn a blind eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to acknowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laugh off", + "laugh away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with a problem by laughing or pretending to be amused by it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permit", + "allow", + "let", + "countenance" + ], + "it": [ + "permettere", + "lasciare", + "volere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent to, give permission" + ], + "it": [ + "dare il permesso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allow", + "permit", + "tolerate" + ], + "it": [ + "ammettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow the presence of or allow (an activity) without opposing or prohibiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "authorize", + "authorise", + "pass", + "clear" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant authorization or clearance for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approve or sanction officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorize by certificate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assent", + "accede", + "acquiesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to agree or express agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield", + "give in", + "succumb", + "knuckle under", + "buckle under" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendersi", + "capitolare", + "disarmare", + "mollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consent reluctantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissent" + ], + "it": [ + "disconvenire", + "discordare", + "discrepare", + "dissentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withhold assent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagree", + "differ", + "dissent", + "take issue" + ], + "it": [ + "divergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be of different opinions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clash" + ], + "it": [ + "cozzare", + "divergere", + "scontrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disagree violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agree", + "hold", + "concur", + "concord" + ], + "it": [ + "concordare", + "convenire", + "essere d'accordo", + "trovarsi", + "andare d'accordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in accord; be in agreement" + ], + "it": [ + "condividere opinioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see eye to eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concede", + "yield", + "grant" + ], + "it": [ + "concedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be willing to concede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscribe", + "support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adopt as a belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approve", + "O.K.", + "okay", + "sanction" + ], + "it": [ + "approvare", + "ratificare", + "sancire", + "sanzionare", + "autorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give sanction to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give religious sanction to, such as through on oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approve officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disapprove", + "reject" + ], + "it": [ + "bocciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deem wrong or inappropriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object" + ], + "it": [ + "avere da obiettare su" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or raise an objection or protest or criticism or express dissent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demur", + "except" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take exception to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge", + "take exception" + ], + "it": [ + "obbiettare", + "obiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise a formal objection in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterchallenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge in turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavil", + "carp", + "chicane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise trivial objections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interview", + "question" + ], + "it": [ + "intervistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check out", + "sound out", + "feel out" + ], + "it": [ + "indagare", + "scandagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to learn someone's opinions and intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interview" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminare", + "valutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss formally with (somebody) for the purpose of an evaluation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interview" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sottoporre a colloquio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go for an interview in the hope of being hired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge", + "fudge", + "evade", + "put off", + "circumvent", + "parry", + "elude", + "skirt", + "dodge", + "duck", + "sidestep" + ], + "it": [ + "aggirare", + "eludere", + "evitare", + "scansare", + "schivare", + "sottrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dodge, avoid answering, or take for granted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evade the truth of a point or question by raising irrelevant objections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss", + "escape" + ], + "it": [ + "scampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off", + "get away", + "get by", + "get out", + "escape" + ], + "it": [ + "scampare", + "sfuggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escape potentially unpleasant consequences; get away with a forbidden action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use cunning or deceit to escape or avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bypass", + "short-circuit", + "go around", + "get around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid something unpleasant or laborious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avoid" + ], + "it": [ + "evitare", + "scansare", + "schivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep off", + "stay off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from entering or walking onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid dealing with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shy away from" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid having to deal with some unpleasant task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shun", + "eschew" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggire", + "sfuggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confront", + "face up", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "affrontare", + "fronteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with (something unpleasant) head on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debate", + "deliberate" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattere", + "discutere", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss the pros and cons of an issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to prolonged examination, discussion, or deliberation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consider", + "debate", + "moot", + "turn over", + "deliberate" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare", + "vagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "think about carefully; weigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in deep thought, consideration, or debate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandy", + "kick around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moderate", + "chair", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "moderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preside over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hash out", + "discuss", + "talk over" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattere", + "discutere", + "svolgere", + "vagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak with others about (something); talk (something) over in detail; have a discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaspheme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak of in an irreverent or impious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold forth", + "discourse", + "dissertate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk at length and formally about a topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refute", + "rebut" + ], + "it": [ + "confutare", + "ribattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a defence or refutation of (a charge) or in (an argument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "answer adequately or successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer", + "reply", + "respond" + ], + "it": [ + "replicare", + "rispondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "react verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "answer back in an impudent or insolent manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retort", + "come back", + "repay", + "return", + "riposte", + "rejoin" + ], + "it": [ + "replicare", + "rimbeccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "answer back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny" + ], + "it": [ + "negare", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare untrue; contradict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reject as untrue, unfounded, or unjust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny" + ], + "it": [ + "negare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to accept or believe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to recognize or acknowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit", + "acknowledge" + ], + "it": [ + "ammettere", + "riconoscere", + "conoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make no bones about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge freely and openly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make a clean breast of", + "own up", + "fess up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit or acknowledge a wrongdoing or error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superannuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare to be obsolete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastardize", + "bastardise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare a child to be illegitimate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit as valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concede", + "profess", + "confess" + ], + "it": [ + "confessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit (to a wrongdoing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confess" + ], + "it": [ + "confessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confess to God in the presence of a priest, as in the Catholic faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insist", + "take a firm stand" + ], + "it": [ + "insistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand pat", + "stand firm", + "hold firm", + "stand fast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to abandon one's opinion or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunker down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold stubbornly to a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confess", + "squeal", + "fink" + ], + "it": [ + "confessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice as a profession, teach, or claim to be knowledgeable about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avow", + "avouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit openly and bluntly; make no bones about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disavow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to acknowledge; disclaim knowledge of; responsibility for, or association with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authenticate, affirm to be true, genuine, or correct, as in an official capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or verify the usage of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attest", + "certify", + "manifest", + "demonstrate", + "evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrare", + "mostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence of the quality of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence of a certain behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect or resemble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notarize", + "notarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authenticate as a notary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare legally insane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare", + "adjudge", + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee" + ], + "it": [ + "designare secondo regolamento durante una competizione sportiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beatify" + ], + "it": [ + "canonizzare", + "santificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare (a dead person) to be blessed; the first step of achieving sainthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canonize", + "canonise", + "saint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare (a dead person) to be a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradict", + "negate", + "contravene" + ], + "it": [ + "contraddire", + "smentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deny the truth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprimand", + "censure", + "criminate" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonire", + "biasimare", + "condannare", + "deplorare", + "fustigare", + "richiamare", + "rimproverare", + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rebuke formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savage", + "blast", + "pillory", + "crucify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize harshly or violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admonish", + "reprove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take to task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chastise", + "castigate", + "objurgate", + "chasten", + "correct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "censure severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize harshly, usually via an electronic medium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call on the carpet", + "take to task", + "rebuke", + "rag", + "trounce", + "reproof", + "lecture", + "reprimand", + "jaw", + "dress down", + "call down", + "scold", + "chide", + "berate", + "bawl out", + "remonstrate", + "chew out", + "chew up", + "have words", + "lambaste", + "lambast" + ], + "it": [ + "rabbuffare", + "rabuffare", + "rampognare", + "redarguire", + "rimbrottare", + "rimproverare", + "riprendere", + "sgridare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "censure severely or angrily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point out or draw attention to in protest or remonstrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell off", + "brush down" + ], + "it": [ + "rimproverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reprimand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip off", + "shoot one's mouth off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak spontaneously and without restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproach", + "upbraid" + ], + "it": [ + "rimbrottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express criticism towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprehend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express strong disapproval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deplore" + ], + "it": [ + "condannare", + "deplorare", + "deprecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express strong disapproval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "criticize", + "criticise", + "pick apart" + ], + "it": [ + "criticare", + "sindacare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find fault with; express criticism of; point out real or perceived flaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animadvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express blame or censure or make a harshly critical remark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belabor", + "belabour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack verbally with harsh criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize or reprimand harshly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise or celebrate in song" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preach", + "advocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak, plead, or argue in favor of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preach", + "prophesy" + ], + "it": [ + "predicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a sermon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evangelize", + "evangelise" + ], + "it": [ + "evangelizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preach the gospel (to)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sermonize", + "sermonise", + "preachify", + "moralize", + "moralise" + ], + "it": [ + "moraleggiare", + "moralizzare", + "sentenziare", + "sermoneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak as if delivering a sermon; express moral judgements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontificate" + ], + "it": [ + "pontificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk in a dogmatic and pompous manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk pompously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bloviate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orate verbosely and windily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teach", + "learn", + "instruct" + ], + "it": [ + "insegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart skills or knowledge to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce or initiate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mentor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a teacher or trusted counselor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a tutor to someone; give individual instruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unteach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to disbelieve; teach someone the contrary of what he or she had learned earlier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unteach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to unlearn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "instruct someone in the fundamentals of a subject" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lecture", + "talk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a lecture or talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instruct", + "apprise", + "apprize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make aware of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give essential information to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debrief" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put someone through a debriefing and make him report" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inform" + ], + "it": [ + "avvisare", + "informare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inoculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce an idea or attitude into the mind of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notify, usually in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to go away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inform" + ], + "it": [ + "avvisare", + "informare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as an informer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill in" + ], + "it": [ + "informare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with information on a specific topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "update" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring up to date; supply with recent information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach", + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "allenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach and supervise (someone); act as a trainer or coach (to), as in sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misinform", + "mislead" + ], + "it": [ + "forviare", + "sviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give false or misleading information to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell an untruth; pretend with intent to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell romantic or exaggerated lies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perjure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knowingly tell an untruth in a legal court and render oneself guilty of perjury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "induce to commit perjury or give false testimony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "procure (false testimony or perjury)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell a relatively insignificant lie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat around the bush", + "equivocate", + "tergiversate", + "prevaricate", + "palter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be deliberately ambiguous or unclear in order to mislead or withhold information" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimersi in modo equivoco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falsify", + "distort", + "garble", + "warp" + ], + "it": [ + "deformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make false by mutilation or addition; as of a message or story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typify", + "symbolize", + "symbolise", + "stand for", + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "alludere", + "figurare", + "raffigurare", + "rappresentare", + "significare", + "simboleggiare", + "simbolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misrepresent", + "belie" + ], + "it": [ + "distorcere", + "snaturare", + "travisare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent falsely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinge", + "color", + "colour", + "distort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect as in thought or feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "gloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a deceptive explanation or excuse for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pose", + "impersonate", + "personate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to be someone you are not; sometimes with fraudulent intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masquerade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to be someone or something that you are not" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluff" + ], + "it": [ + "bluffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frighten someone by pretending to be stronger than one really is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feign", + "sham", + "pretend", + "affect", + "dissemble" + ], + "it": [ + "fignere", + "fingere", + "simulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make believe with the intent to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "pretend", + "make believe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go through the motions" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to do something by acting as if one was really doing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play possum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to pretend to be dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to be knocked out, as of a boxer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bamboozle", + "snow", + "hoodwink", + "pull the wool over someone's eyes", + "lead by the nose", + "play false" + ], + "it": [ + "infinocchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceal one's true motives from especially by elaborately feigning good intentions so as to gain an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk through one's hat", + "bullshit", + "bull", + "fake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak insincerely or without regard for facts or truths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstate", + "exaggerate", + "overdraw", + "hyperbolize", + "hyperbolise", + "magnify", + "amplify" + ], + "it": [ + "amplificare", + "esagerare", + "montare", + "pompare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-pedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play down or obscure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trivialize", + "trivialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make trivial or insignificant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overemphasize", + "overemphasise", + "overstress" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "dare troppa enfasi a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place special or excessive emphasis on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-emphasise", + "re-emphasize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emphasize anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay special attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understate", + "minimize", + "minimise", + "downplay" + ], + "it": [ + "minimizzare", + "sminuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent as less significant or important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "downplay one's ability (towards others) in a game in order to deceive, as in gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denounce" + ], + "it": [ + "denunciare", + "denunziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak out against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fulminate", + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denounce", + "tell on", + "betray", + "give away", + "rat", + "grass", + "shit", + "shop", + "snitch", + "stag" + ], + "it": [ + "denunciare", + "denunziare", + "svelare", + "tradire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give away information about somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denounce" + ], + "it": [ + "denunciare", + "denunziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce the termination of, as of treaties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blame", + "fault" + ], + "it": [ + "incolpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or pin the blame on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blame", + "find fault", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "criticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harass with constant criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accuse", + "impeach", + "incriminate", + "criminate" + ], + "it": [ + "incriminare", + "mettere in stato d'accusa", + "mettere sotto accusa", + "accusare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring an accusation against; level a charge against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "accuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blame for, make a claim of wrongdoing or misbehavior against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arraign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accuse of a wrong or an inadequacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an accusatory claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a charge against or accuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a formal accusation; bring a formal charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recriminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return an accusation against someone or engage in mutual accusations; charge in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge (a public official) with an offense or misdemeanor committed while in office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nag", + "peck", + "hen-peck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bother persistently with trivial complaints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persistently ask for overdue payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abuse", + "clapperclaw", + "blackguard", + "shout" + ], + "it": [ + "insultare", + "vituperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use foul or abusive language towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abuse with coarse language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack as if with claws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disparage", + "belittle", + "pick at" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiccolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a negative opinion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nitpick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be overly critical; criticize minor details" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan", + "tear apart", + "trash" + ], + "it": [ + "stroncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a totally negative opinion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defame", + "slander", + "smirch", + "asperse", + "denigrate", + "calumniate", + "smear", + "sully", + "besmirch" + ], + "it": [ + "calunniare", + "denigrare", + "diffamare", + "infamare", + "infangare", + "macchiare", + "sparlare", + "spregiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good name and reputation of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or damage seriously, as of someone's reputation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring (information) out of concealment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discredit", + "disgrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage the reputation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "libel" + ], + "it": [ + "diffamare", + "screditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print slanderous statements against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vilify", + "revile", + "vituperate", + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread negative information about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badmouth", + "malign", + "traduce", + "drag through the mud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak unfavorably about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diss", + "insult", + "affront" + ], + "it": [ + "ingiuriare", + "insolentire", + "insultare", + "villaneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat, mention, or speak to rudely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle at", + "bridle at", + "bridle up", + "bristle up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show anger or indignation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock", + "bemock" + ], + "it": [ + "sbeffeggiare", + "schernire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mock" + ], + "it": [ + "deridere", + "dileggiare", + "giobbare", + "ironizzare", + "scimmiottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitate with mockery and derision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caricature", + "ape" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una caricatura di", + "scimmiottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent in or produce a caricature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impersonate" + ], + "it": [ + "imitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent another person with comic intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoof", + "burlesque", + "parody" + ], + "it": [ + "parodiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a parody of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jeer", + "scoff", + "flout", + "barrack", + "gibe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "laugh at with contempt and derision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "razz", + "rag", + "cod", + "tantalize", + "tantalise", + "bait", + "taunt", + "twit", + "rally", + "ride" + ], + "it": [ + "canzonare", + "deridere", + "sfottere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harass with persistent criticism or carping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull the leg of", + "kid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell false information to for fun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incite", + "instigate", + "set off", + "stir up" + ], + "it": [ + "agitare", + "aizzare", + "eccitare", + "fomentare", + "istigare", + "provocare", + "scatenare", + "sobillare", + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provoke or stir up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "activate or stir up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle", + "goad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goad or provoke,as by constant criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridicule", + "roast", + "guy", + "blackguard", + "laugh at", + "jest at", + "rib", + "make fun", + "poke fun" + ], + "it": [ + "beffare", + "beffeggiare", + "caricaturare", + "ridicolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to laughter or ridicule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mock or make fun of playfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satirize", + "satirise", + "lampoon" + ], + "it": [ + "ridicolizzare", + "satireggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ridicule with satire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deride" + ], + "it": [ + "burlare", + "deridere", + "dileggiare", + "irridere", + "sbeffeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat or speak of with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debunk", + "expose" + ], + "it": [ + "smitizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose while ridiculing; especially of pretentious or false claims and ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stultify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear foolish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joke", + "jest" + ], + "it": [ + "celiare", + "motteggiare", + "scherzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell a joke; speak humorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "quip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make jokes or quips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse around", + "arse around", + "fool around", + "fool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulge in horseplay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceive", + "betray", + "lead astray" + ], + "it": [ + "ingannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause someone to believe an untruth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undeceive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from deception or illusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gull", + "dupe", + "slang", + "befool", + "cod", + "fool", + "put on", + "take in", + "put one over", + "put one across" + ], + "it": [ + "circonvenire", + "circuire", + "mistificare", + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fool or hoax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kid", + "chaff", + "jolly", + "josh", + "banter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be silly or tease one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "review", + "critique" + ], + "it": [ + "fare la recensione di", + "recensire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appraise critically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referee", + "peer review" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaluate professionally a colleague's work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprecate", + "depreciate", + "vilipend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belittle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate", + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fare abbassare la cresta a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce or lessen the size or importance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprecate" + ], + "it": [ + "deprecare", + "disapprovare", + "riprovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express strong disapproval of; deplore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemn" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarare inagibile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare or judge unfit for use or habitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "praise" + ], + "it": [ + "lodare", + "elogiare", + "encomiare", + "vantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express approval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express commendation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciare gridolini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express pleasure verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter shrill sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in trumpet-like sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exuberate", + "exult", + "rejoice", + "triumph", + "jubilate" + ], + "it": [ + "esultare", + "giubbilare", + "giubilare", + "trionfare", + "tripudiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to express great joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rejoice proudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheerlead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a cheerleader in a sports event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show approval or good wishes by shouting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer", + "root on", + "inspire", + "urge", + "barrack", + "urge on", + "exhort", + "pep up" + ], + "it": [ + "aizzare", + "incitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spur on or encourage especially by cheers and shouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer", + "cheer up", + "chirk up" + ], + "it": [ + "consolarsi", + "rallegrarsi", + "rasserenarsi", + "rincuorarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become cheerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer", + "cheer up", + "jolly along", + "jolly up" + ], + "it": [ + "allietare", + "consolare", + "rallegrare", + "rasserenare", + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (somebody) to feel happier or more cheerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humor", + "humour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a good mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amuse" + ], + "it": [ + "dilettare", + "distrarre", + "divertire", + "sollazzare", + "svagare", + "trastullare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (somebody) laugh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make someone convulse with laughter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighten", + "lighten up", + "buoy up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more cheerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applaud" + ], + "it": [ + "acclamare", + "applaudire", + "approvare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express approval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bravo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "applaud with shouts of `bravo' or `brava'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laud", + "extol", + "exalt", + "glorify", + "proclaim" + ], + "it": [ + "esaltare", + "glorificare", + "magnificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise, glorify, or honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canonize", + "canonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat as a sacred person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exalt to the skies; lift to the skies or to heaven with praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rhapsodize about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymn" + ], + "it": [ + "inneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise by singing a hymn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promulgate" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare", + "proclamare", + "promulgare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a law into effect by formal declaration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acclaim", + "hail", + "herald" + ], + "it": [ + "conclamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise vociferously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applaud", + "clap", + "spat", + "acclaim" + ], + "it": [ + "acclamare", + "applaudire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clap one's hands or shout after performances to indicate approval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boo", + "hiss" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show displeasure, as after a performance or speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive from the stage by noisy disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sizzle" + ], + "it": [ + "friggere", + "sfriggere", + "sfrigolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sound like frying fat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "round", + "assail", + "lash out", + "snipe", + "assault" + ], + "it": [ + "aggredire", + "assalire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack in speech or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitriol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to bitter verbal abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize or abuse strongly and violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombard", + "barrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address with continuously or persistently, as if with a barrage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blister", + "scald", + "whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to harsh criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemn", + "reprobate", + "decry", + "objurgate", + "excoriate" + ], + "it": [ + "condannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express strong disapproval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minimize", + "belittle", + "denigrate", + "derogate" + ], + "it": [ + "sminuire", + "svalutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to seem less serious; play down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belittle through talk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accurse", + "execrate", + "anathemize", + "comminate", + "anathemise", + "anathematize", + "anathematise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curse or declare to be evil or anathema or threaten with divine punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read, write, or edit a shared on-line journal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curse", + "cuss", + "blaspheme", + "swear", + "imprecate" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmiare", + "dire parolaccie", + "imprecare", + "inveire", + "sacramentare", + "smoccolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter obscenities or profanities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a command to a horse to turn to the right side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ooh", + "aah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express admiration and pleasure by uttering `ooh' or `aah'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curse", + "beshrew", + "damn", + "bedamn", + "anathemize", + "anathemise", + "imprecate", + "maledict" + ], + "it": [ + "imprecare", + "maledire", + "stramaledire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wish harm upon; invoke evil upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curse" + ], + "it": [ + "bestemmiare", + "imprecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heap obscenities upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bless" + ], + "it": [ + "benedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a benediction to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consecrate", + "bless", + "hallow", + "sanctify" + ], + "it": [ + "benedire", + "canonizzare", + "consacrare", + "santificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render holy by means of religious rites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconsecrate" + ], + "it": [ + "ribenedire", + "riconsacrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consecrate anew, as after a desecration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desecrate", + "unhallow", + "deconsecrate" + ], + "it": [ + "sconsacrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the consecration from a person or an object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bless", + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the sign of the cross over someone in order to call on God for protection; consecrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "question", + "oppugn", + "call into question" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account", + "answer for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish a justifying analysis or explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impeach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge the honesty or veracity of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impugn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack as false or wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defy", + "dare" + ], + "it": [ + "sfidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call one's bluff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to prove what someone is claiming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brazen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "face with defiance or impudence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge" + ], + "it": [ + "affrontare", + "sfidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue a challenge to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge to a duel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "challenge", + "dispute", + "gainsay" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere in discussione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take exception to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contest", + "contend", + "repugn" + ], + "it": [ + "contestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "lodge", + "file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "file a formal charge against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warn" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonire", + "avvertire", + "avvisare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notify of danger, potential harm, or risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warn", + "discourage", + "admonish", + "monish" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forewarn", + "previse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warn in advance or beforehand; give an early warning" + ], + "it": [ + "avvisare in precedenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caution", + "admonish", + "monish" + ], + "it": [ + "ammonire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warn strongly; put on guard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threaten" + ], + "it": [ + "minacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to utter intentions of injury or punishment against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "threaten to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "threaten" + ], + "it": [ + "minacciare", + "promettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be a menacing indication of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bode", + "portend", + "auspicate", + "prognosticate", + "omen", + "presage", + "betoken", + "foreshadow", + "augur", + "foretell", + "prefigure", + "forecast", + "predict" + ], + "it": [ + "prefigurare", + "prognosticare", + "pronosticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate by signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alarm", + "alert" + ], + "it": [ + "allarmare", + "allertare", + "sgomentare", + "turbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "warn or arouse to a sense of danger or call to a state of preparedness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make aware of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rede", + "advise", + "counsel" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give advice to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip off", + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give insider information or advise to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advise", + "notify", + "give notice", + "send word", + "apprise", + "apprize" + ], + "it": [ + "informare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inform (somebody) of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require the presentation of for redemption before maturation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "familiarize", + "familiarise", + "acquaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make familiar or conversant with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "familiarize (someone) with new surroundings or circumstances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "familiarize through thorough study or experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reacquaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "familiarize anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "familiarize oneself thoroughly with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommend", + "urge", + "advocate" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliare", + "raccomandare", + "raccomandare vivamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propose", + "suggest", + "advise" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliare", + "proporre", + "prospettare", + "suggerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a proposal, declare a plan for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "throw out" + ], + "it": [ + "accampare", + "addurre", + "esibire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forward for consideration or acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i25999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggest sex to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misadvise", + "misguide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give bad advice to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respond to a query or outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward, as of an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advise professionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confer", + "confabulate", + "confab", + "consult" + ], + "it": [ + "conferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a conference in order to talk something over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer secretly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consult", + "refer", + "look up" + ], + "it": [ + "consultare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek information from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "research" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attempt to find out in a systematically and scientific manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consult", + "confer with" + ], + "it": [ + "consultare", + "interpellare", + "sentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or ask advice from" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere il parere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prompt", + "remind", + "cue" + ], + "it": [ + "suggerire", + "ricordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assist (somebody acting or reciting) by suggesting the next words of something forgotten or imperfectly learned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submit", + "state", + "put forward", + "posit" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare", + "affermare", + "dichiarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submit", + "bow", + "defer", + "accede", + "give in" + ], + "it": [ + "cedere", + "sottomettersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield to another's wish or opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submit", + "subject" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer for judgment or consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submit for consideration, judgment, or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submit (a report, etc.) to someone in authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return a bill after consideration and revision to a legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move", + "make a motion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose formally; in a debate or parliamentary meeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominate", + "put up", + "put forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose as a candidate for some honor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propose", + "declare oneself", + "offer", + "pop the question" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una proposta di matrimonio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask (someone) to marry you" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volunteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell voluntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flatter", + "blandish" + ], + "it": [ + "adulare", + "lisciare", + "lusingare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise somewhat dishonestly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adulate" + ], + "it": [ + "incensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatter in an obsequious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "accarezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat gingerly or carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eulogize", + "eulogise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise formally and eloquently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fawn", + "toady", + "truckle", + "bootlick", + "kowtow", + "kotow", + "suck up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to gain favor by cringing or flattering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry favor", + "curry favour", + "court favor", + "court favour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek favor by fawning or flattery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter up", + "brown-nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatter with the intention of getting something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compliment", + "congratulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say something to someone that expresses praise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compliment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express respect or esteem for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congratulate", + "felicitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express congratulations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rave", + "gush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise enthusiastically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commend" + ], + "it": [ + "elogiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express approval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commend", + "remember" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mention as by way of greeting or to indicate friendship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak of the devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mention someone's name who just then appears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mention favorably, as in prayer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commend", + "recommend" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a good opinion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to in charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boast", + "tout", + "swash", + "shoot a line", + "brag", + "gas", + "blow", + "bluster", + "vaunt", + "gasconade" + ], + "it": [ + "vantarsi", + "millantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloat", + "triumph", + "crow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwell on with satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preen", + "congratulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pride or congratulate (oneself) for an achievement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promise", + "assure" + ], + "it": [ + "promettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a promise or commitment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promise" + ], + "it": [ + "promettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise to undertake or give" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge", + "plight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise solemnly and formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swear off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise to abstain from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or secure by a pledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "article" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind by a contract; especially for a training period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblige", + "bind", + "hold", + "obligate" + ], + "it": [ + "impegnare", + "vincolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indenture", + "indent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind by or as if by indentures, as of an apprentice or servant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie down" + ], + "it": [ + "vincolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain from independence by an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oblige", + "accommodate" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una cortesia a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a service or favor for someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disoblige" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignore someone's wishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give as a guarantee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collateralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pledge as a collateral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betroth", + "engage", + "affiance", + "plight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a vow; promise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vow", + "consecrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dedicate to a deity by a vow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedicate" + ], + "it": [ + "dedicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inscribe or address by way of compliment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address, (a work of literature) in a style less formal than a dedication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "dedicate", + "consecrate", + "commit", + "devote" + ], + "it": [ + "dedicare", + "impegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer in good faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rededicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dedicate anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess" + ], + "it": [ + "professare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take vows, as in religious order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the veil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become a nun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive into a religious order or congregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract", + "undertake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a contractual arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an oral contract or agreement in the verbal form of question and answer that is necessary to give it legal force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ], + "it": [ + "firmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be engaged by a written agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertake", + "guarantee" + ], + "it": [ + "avallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise to do or accomplish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underwrite", + "subvention", + "subvent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guarantee financial support of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promise solemnly; take an oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee", + "vouch" + ], + "it": [ + "garantire", + "garentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give surety or assume responsibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure the release of (someone) by providing security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee", + "ensure", + "insure", + "assure", + "secure" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare", + "garantire", + "garentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make certain of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make certain of the failure or destruction of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assure the success of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "insure", + "underwrite" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare", + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect by insurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinsure" + ], + "it": [ + "riassicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insure again by assuming all or a part of the liability of an insurance company already covering a risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinsure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insure again by transferring to another insurance company all or a part of a liability assumed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guarantee", + "warrant" + ], + "it": [ + "garantire", + "garentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand behind and guarantee the quality, accuracy, or condition of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thank", + "give thanks" + ], + "it": [ + "ringraziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express gratitude or show appreciation to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge", + "recognize", + "recognise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "manifestare la propria gratitudine per" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge", + "receipt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "report the receipt of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apologize", + "apologise" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere scusa", + "scusarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge faults or shortcomings or failing" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere di essere scusati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "condone" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare", + "perdonare", + "scusare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excuse, overlook, or make allowances for; be lenient with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "explain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a reason or cause or justification of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alibi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exonerate by means of an alibi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "relieve", + "let off", + "exempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant exemption or release to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exempt by means of an official pass or letter, as from customs or other checks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "beg off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for permission to be released from an engagement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer as an excuse or plea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the Fifth", + "take the Fifth Amendment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to testify by invoking the Fifth Amendment, which states that nobody may be forced to testify as a witness against himself or herself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apologize", + "apologise", + "excuse", + "justify", + "rationalize", + "rationalise" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare", + "scusare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defend", + "support", + "fend for" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenere", + "difendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argue or speak in defense of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand up", + "stick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defend against attack or criticism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide an excuse or alibi for someone so as to cover up guilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uphold" + ], + "it": [ + "difendere", + "propugnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand up for; stick up for; of causes, principles, or ideals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justify", + "vindicate" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare", + "legittimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show to be right by providing justification or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uphold", + "maintain" + ], + "it": [ + "difendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support against an opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legitimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show or affirm to be just and legitimate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "justify", + "warrant" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greet" + ], + "it": [ + "salutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send greetings to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greet", + "recognize", + "recognise" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "salutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express greetings upon meeting someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "turn to" + ], + "it": [ + "rivolgersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask" + ], + "it": [ + "domandare", + "informarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address a question to and expect an answer from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake hands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take someone's hands and shake them as a gesture of greeting or congratulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ], + "it": [ + "annuire", + "assentire", + "fare un cenno col capo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower and raise the head, as to indicate assent or agreement or confirmation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ], + "it": [ + "annuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or signify by nodding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the sign of the cross; in the Catholic religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow", + "bow down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassare", + "chinare", + "inchinare", + "inchinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend one's knee or body, or lower one's head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congee", + "conge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a ceremonious bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge applause by inclining the head, as of an artist after a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge praise or accept credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtsy", + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a curtsy; usually done only by girls and women; as a sign of respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greet in a friendly way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salaam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greet with a salaam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute", + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "salutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation; assume a prescribed position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "honor with a military ceremony, as when honoring dead soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail", + "herald" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greet enthusiastically or joyfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome", + "receive" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "dare il benvenuto a", + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid welcome to; greet upon arrival" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismiss", + "usher out" + ], + "it": [ + "accomiatare", + "accommiatare", + "congedare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end one's encounter with somebody by causing or permitting the person to leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say farewell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say good-bye or bid farewell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduce", + "present", + "acquaint" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come to know personally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reintroduce", + "re-introduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precede", + "preface", + "premise", + "introduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a preface or introduction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preamble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a preliminary introduction, usually to a formal document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prologize", + "prologuize", + "prologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write or speak a prologue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absolve", + "justify", + "free" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let off the hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash one's hands" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to absolve oneself of responsibility or future blame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce for a score; of cards in a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish", + "bid" + ], + "it": [ + "augurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invoke upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order politely; express a wish for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or express a wish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgive" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonare", + "perdonare", + "rimettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop blaming or grant forgiveness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrive", + "absolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant remission of a sin to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forgive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquit", + "assoil", + "clear", + "discharge", + "exonerate", + "exculpate" + ], + "it": [ + "discolpare", + "scagionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce not guilty of criminal charges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vindicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear of accusation, blame, suspicion, or doubt with supporting proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vindicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain, uphold, or defend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exonerate by means of a perfunctory investigation or through biased presentation of data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be acquitted; get off the hook; in a legal case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear of a charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pardon" + ], + "it": [ + "graziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a pardon to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amnesty" + ], + "it": [ + "amnistiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a pardon to (a group of people)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excuse", + "pardon" + ], + "it": [ + "perdonare", + "scusare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept an excuse for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extenuate", + "palliate", + "mitigate" + ], + "it": [ + "attenuare", + "mitigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find or declare guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconvict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convict anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sentence", + "condemn", + "doom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce a sentence on (somebody) in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foredoom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "doom beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complain", + "kick", + "plain", + "sound off", + "quetch", + "kvetch" + ], + "it": [ + "dolersi", + "lamentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backbite", + "bitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say mean things" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge aggressively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whine", + "grizzle", + "yammer", + "yawp" + ], + "it": [ + "frignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complain whiningly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deter", + "discourage" + ], + "it": [ + "scoraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to prevent; show opposition to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster", + "nurture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help develop, help grow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronize", + "patronise", + "patronage", + "support", + "keep going" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a regular customer or client of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronize", + "patronise", + "condescend" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "trattare con condiscendenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat condescendingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make concessions to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murmur", + "mutter", + "grumble", + "croak", + "gnarl" + ], + "it": [ + "arrangolare", + "bofonchiare", + "borbogliare", + "borbottare", + "brontolare", + "mormorare", + "rangolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make complaining remarks or noises under one's breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouch", + "grumble", + "scold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show one's unhappiness or critical attitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coo" + ], + "it": [ + "tubare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry softly, as of pigeons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coo" + ], + "it": [ + "sussurrare dolcemente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak softly or lovingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest" + ], + "it": [ + "protestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter words of protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaim", + "inveigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak against in an impassioned manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remonstrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "argue in protest or opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise hell", + "make a stink", + "raise a stink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take strong and forceful action, as to object or express discontent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express discontent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gripe", + "bitch", + "grouse", + "crab", + "beef", + "squawk", + "bellyache", + "holler" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail", + "inveigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complain bitterly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deplore", + "lament", + "bewail", + "bemoan" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacersi", + "piangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regret strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express with regret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decline formally or politely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repudiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to recognize or pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclaim", + "cry", + "cry out", + "outcry", + "call out", + "shout" + ], + "it": [ + "esclamare", + "gridare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shout" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare", + "urlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yell", + "scream" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare", + "sbraitare", + "strillare", + "urlare", + "vociare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or declare in a very loud voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shout", + "shout out", + "cry", + "call", + "yell", + "scream", + "holler", + "hollo", + "squall" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare", + "strillare", + "urlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a sudden loud cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry hollo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encourage somebody by crying hollo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurrah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout `hurrah!'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout `halloo', as when greeting someone or attracting attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout, as if with joy or enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shriek", + "shrill", + "pipe up", + "pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare", + "stridere", + "strillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a shrill cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yowl", + "caterwaul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter shrieks, as of cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interject", + "come in", + "interpose", + "put in", + "throw in", + "inject" + ], + "it": [ + "framettere", + "frammettere", + "interporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to insert between other elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamor", + "clamour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or proclaim insistently and noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vociferate", + "shout out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in a very loud voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holler", + "holler out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder", + "roar" + ], + "it": [ + "tuonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter words loudly and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisper" + ], + "it": [ + "bisbigliare", + "mormorare", + "sussurrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak softly; in a low voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in a hesitant and high-pitched tone of voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak louder; raise one's voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "snarl" + ], + "it": [ + "ringhiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in an angry, sharp, or abrupt tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snarl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a snarling noise or move with a snarling noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhapsodize", + "rhapsodise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say (something) with great enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guess", + "venture", + "pretend", + "hazard" + ], + "it": [ + "arrischiare", + "immaginare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward, of a guess, in spite of possible refutation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suppose", + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "ammettere", + "supporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a supposition" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare plausibile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-guess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evaluate or criticize with hindsight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second-guess", + "outguess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attempt to anticipate or predict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predict", + "foretell", + "prognosticate", + "call", + "forebode", + "anticipate", + "promise" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciare", + "annunziare", + "indovinare", + "predire", + "presagire", + "prognosticare", + "pronosticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a prediction about; tell in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vaticinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foretell through or as if through the power of prophecy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "augur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predict from an omen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bet", + "wager" + ], + "it": [ + "scommettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain with or as if with a bet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guesstimate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "estimate based on a calculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determine", + "find", + "find out", + "ascertain" + ], + "it": [ + "scoprire", + "determinare", + "stabilire", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare a una soluzione, dopo un processo di calcolo, ragionamento o ricerca" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the amino-acid sequence of a protein during its synthesis by using information on the messenger RNA" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rectify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "math: determine the length of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redetermine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix, find, or establish again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the order of constituents in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "determine", + "check", + "find out", + "see", + "ascertain", + "watch", + "learn" + ], + "it": [ + "determinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the refracting power of (a lens)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspect", + "surmise" + ], + "it": [ + "sospettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imagine to be the case or true or probable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bespeak", + "betoken", + "indicate", + "point", + "signal" + ], + "it": [ + "denotare", + "indicare", + "rivelare", + "segnalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a signal for or a symptom of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "segnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designate as if by a mark" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare una certa cosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate by marking trees with blazes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dimension" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate the dimensions on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signpost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a signpost, as of a path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signalize", + "signalise", + "distinguish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make conspicuous or noteworthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singularize", + "singularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish as singular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a buoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read", + "register", + "show", + "record" + ], + "it": [ + "registrare", + "segnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments" + ], + "it": [ + "detto di strumenti di misurazione, indicare dei dati, dei valori" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "dire", + "indicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate" + ], + "it": [ + "dare come misura oggettiva" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence of, as of records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ], + "it": [ + "rintoccare", + "scoccare", + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate (a certain time) by striking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicate", + "point", + "designate", + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare", + "mostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate the presence of (game) by standing and pointing with the muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate the fingering for the playing of musical scores for keyboard instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signalize", + "signalise", + "point out", + "call attention" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare", + "segnalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point out carefully and clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreshow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foretell by divine inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspect" + ], + "it": [ + "sospettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold in suspicion; believe to be guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder", + "question" + ], + "it": [ + "chiedere", + "domandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in doubt or express doubtful speculation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have doubts about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wonder", + "marvel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be amazed at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marvel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express astonishment or surprise about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explicate", + "formulate", + "develop" + ], + "it": [ + "impostare", + "formulare", + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mature" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop and work out fully in one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redevelop", + "reformulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formulate or develop again, of an improved theory or hypothesis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forecast", + "calculate" + ], + "it": [ + "prevedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predict in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prophesy", + "vaticinate" + ], + "it": [ + "profetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "predict or reveal through, or as if through, divine inspiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlighten", + "irradiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give spiritual insight to; in religion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculate" + ], + "it": [ + "specolare", + "speculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hint", + "suggest" + ], + "it": [ + "suggerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop a hint; intimate by a hint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intimate", + "adumbrate", + "insinuate" + ], + "it": [ + "insinuare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clue in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide someone with a clue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicate" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to state or express briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indicate", + "suggest" + ], + "it": [ + "indicare", + "suggerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contraindicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a treatment inadvisable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convey" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known; pass on, of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate or express nonverbally" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare non verbalmente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate in sign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey by one's expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known or cause to appear with great speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifest or evince" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imply", + "connote" + ], + "it": [ + "sottintendere", + "implicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or state indirectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give sudden release to an expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burst out with a violent or profane utterance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggest", + "evoke", + "paint a picture" + ], + "it": [ + "evocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggest as a logically necessary consequence; in logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suggest", + "intimate" + ], + "it": [ + "suggerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imply as a possibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imply or suggest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connote", + "predicate" + ], + "it": [ + "connotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "involve as a necessary condition of consequence; as in logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denote", + "refer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean", + "intend", + "signify", + "stand for" + ], + "it": [ + "significare", + "dirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "denote or connote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "denote" + ], + "it": [ + "denotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a sign or indication of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey or express a meaning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell", + "import" + ], + "it": [ + "significare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate or signify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist", + "twist around", + "pervert", + "convolute", + "sophisticate" + ], + "it": [ + "distorcere", + "stravolgere", + "svisare", + "travisare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice sophistry; change the meaning of or be vague about in order to mislead or deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "euphemize", + "euphemise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to something with a euphemism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak in tongues" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak unintelligibly in or as if in religious ecstasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere", + "esternare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give voice to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone down", + "moderate", + "tame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less strong or intense; soften" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwrap", + "disclose", + "let on", + "bring out", + "reveal", + "discover", + "expose", + "divulge", + "break", + "give away", + "let out" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipare", + "diffondere", + "diserrare", + "disserrare", + "divulgare", + "manifestare", + "palesare", + "rivelare", + "svelare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muckrake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore and expose misconduct and scandals concerning public figures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be revealed and jeopardized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be made known; be disclosed or revealed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal (something) about somebody's identity or lifestyle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come out of the closet", + "out", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to state openly and publicly one's homosexuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmask", + "uncloak" + ], + "it": [ + "smascherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal the true nature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or disclose suddenly or unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "get out", + "get around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be released or become known; of news" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak", + "leak out" + ], + "it": [ + "trapelare", + "traspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be leaked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betray", + "bewray" + ], + "it": [ + "denunciare", + "denunziare", + "tradire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal unintentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal in private; tell confidentially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbosom", + "relieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relieve oneself of troubling information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give information that compromises others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inform or spy (for the police)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell anonymously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill the beans", + "let the cat out of the bag", + "talk", + "tattle", + "blab", + "peach", + "babble", + "sing", + "babble out", + "blab out" + ], + "it": [ + "snocciolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divulge confidential information or secrets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep quiet", + "shut one's mouth", + "keep one's mouth shut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from divulging sensitive information; keep quiet about confidential information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell", + "spell out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misspell" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sbagliare l'ortografia di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spell incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rede", + "interpret" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an interpretation or explanation to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moralize", + "moralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret the moral meaning of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deconstruct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret (a text or an artwork) by the method of deconstructing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinterpret", + "re-explain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret from a different viewpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commentate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a commentator, as in sportscasting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misinterpret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpret falsely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explain", + "explicate" + ], + "it": [ + "esporre", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make plain and comprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account for" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare", + "rendere conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give reasons for" + ], + "it": [ + "dare spiegazioni sul proprio operato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "naturalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explain with reference to nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarify", + "clear up", + "elucidate" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarire", + "chiarificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clear and (more) comprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obfuscate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make obscure or unclear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "verbalize", + "verbalise", + "utter", + "give tongue to" + ], + "it": [ + "proferire", + "profferire", + "pronunciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter indistinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be heard or known; express or utter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or tell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with seeming casualness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express without restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miaou", + "miaow" + ], + "it": [ + "miagolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a cat-like sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk", + "speak", + "utter", + "mouth", + "verbalize", + "verbalise" + ], + "it": [ + "parlare", + "pronunciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express in speech" + ], + "it": [ + "usare la propria voce nel proferire parola" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verbalize", + "verbalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be verbose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with a puff of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk of", + "talk about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss or mention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blubber", + "blubber out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter while crying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "show", + "evince" + ], + "it": [ + "esteriorizzare", + "esternare", + "estrinsecare", + "manifestare", + "esprimere", + "mostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give expression to" + ], + "it": [ + "rendere evidente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifest or show" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make apparent by one's mood or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vent", + "ventilate", + "give vent" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestare", + "sfogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give expression or utterance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drone", + "drone on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk in a monotonous voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deduce", + "infer" + ], + "it": [ + "argomentare", + "arguire", + "dedurre", + "desumere", + "inferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conclude by reasoning; in logic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conclude from evidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recite" + ], + "it": [ + "declamare", + "recitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat aloud from memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recite or repeat a fixed text" + ], + "it": [ + "recitare a memoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle down", + "rattle off", + "reel off", + "spiel off", + "roll off" + ], + "it": [ + "sciorinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recite volubly or extravagantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list", + "name" + ], + "it": [ + "elencare", + "fare la nota di", + "fare una lista di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enumerate", + "recite", + "itemize", + "itemise" + ], + "it": [ + "elencare", + "enumerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specify individually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itemize", + "itemise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a list of items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number", + "list" + ], + "it": [ + "annoverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enumerate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specify", + "set", + "determine", + "define", + "fix", + "limit" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilire", + "determinare", + "fissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide upon or fix definitely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mention and identify by name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "count backwards; before detonating a bomb, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count" + ], + "it": [ + "contare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "name or recite the numbers in ascending order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count", + "number", + "enumerate", + "numerate" + ], + "it": [ + "contare", + "conteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the number or amount of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscount" + ], + "it": [ + "contare male", + "sbagliare il conto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "count wrongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "census" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct a census" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "numerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give numbers to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliate", + "paginate", + "page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "number the pages of a book or manuscript" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total", + "tot", + "tot up", + "sum", + "sum up", + "summate", + "tote up", + "add", + "add together", + "tally", + "add up" + ], + "it": [ + "addizionare", + "sommare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the sum of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tally", + "chalk up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep score, as in games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit", + "remand", + "send back" + ], + "it": [ + "condonare", + "rinviare a giudizio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer (a matter or legal case) to another committee or authority or court for decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a dare", + "pick up the gauntlet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dared to do something and attempt it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dared to do something and not attempt it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consider", + "count", + "weigh" + ], + "it": [ + "contare", + "considerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show consideration for; take into account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devoice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with tense vocal chords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce (vowels) by bringing the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate in a very careful and rhythmic way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palatalize", + "palatalise" + ], + "it": [ + "palatalizzare", + "palatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce a consonant with the tongue against the palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasalize", + "nasalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with a lowered velum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasalize", + "nasalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak nasally or through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mispronounce", + "misspeak" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "pronunciare male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce a word incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platitudinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter platitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tsk", + "tut", + "tut-tut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter `tsk,' `tut,' or `tut-tut,' as in disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirate" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with aspiration; of stop sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voice", + "sound", + "vocalize", + "vocalise" + ], + "it": [ + "emettere", + "sonorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with vibrating vocal chords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell" + ], + "it": [ + "dire", + "riferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let something be known" + ], + "it": [ + "dare comunicazione a scopo informativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "talk" + ], + "it": [ + "parlare", + "confessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal information" + ], + "it": [ + "rivelare qualcosa di riservato o segreto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an account of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell", + "narrate", + "recount", + "recite" + ], + "it": [ + "contare", + "dire", + "narrare", + "raccontare", + "ricontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "narrate or give a detailed account of" + ], + "it": [ + "esporre in forma narrativa, con una consequenzialità logica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist and turn so as to give an intended interpretation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yarn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell or spin a yarn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhapsodize", + "rhapsodise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recite a rhapsody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "narrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide commentary for a film, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tell", + "evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence" + ], + "it": [ + "rendere evidente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publicize", + "publicise", + "air", + "bare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hype" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publicize in an exaggerated and often misleading manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulletin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make public by bulletin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean", + "intend" + ], + "it": [ + "dire", + "intendere", + "significare", + "voler dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mean or intend to express or convey" + ], + "it": [ + "far intendere attraverso le parole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct (a remark) toward an intended goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaborate", + "lucubrate", + "expatiate", + "exposit", + "enlarge", + "flesh out", + "expand", + "expound", + "dilate" + ], + "it": [ + "approfondire", + "sviluppare", + "entrare in dettagli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detail" + ], + "it": [ + "dettagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide details for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroider", + "pad", + "lard", + "embellish", + "aggrandize", + "aggrandise", + "blow up", + "dramatize", + "dramatise" + ], + "it": [ + "colorire", + "esagerare", + "ingrandire", + "ricamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add details to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualify", + "characterize", + "characterise" + ], + "it": [ + "caratterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disambiguate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state unambiguously or remove ambiguities from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "define" + ], + "it": [ + "definire", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a definition for the meaning of a word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redefine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a new or different definition of (a word)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeat", + "echo" + ], + "it": [ + "ripetere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to say again or imitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuckoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat monotonously, like a cuckoo repeats his call" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reecho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat back like an echo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat mindlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeat", + "reiterate", + "ingeminate", + "iterate", + "restate", + "retell" + ], + "it": [ + "reiterare", + "ridire", + "ripetere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to say, state, or perform again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perseverate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "psychology: repeat a response after the cessation of the original stimulus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat an action or statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regurgitate", + "reproduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat after memorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harp", + "dwell" + ], + "it": [ + "soffermarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come back to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hark back", + "return", + "come back", + "recall" + ], + "it": [ + "tornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back to something earlier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recur", + "go back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return in thought or speech to something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate", + "interpret", + "render" + ], + "it": [ + "tradurre", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restate (words) from one language into another language" + ], + "it": [ + "volgere in una determinata lingua una parola o frase espressi originariamente in un'altra lingua" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retranslate" + ], + "it": [ + "ritradurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translate again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistranslate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translate incorrectly" + ], + "it": [ + "tradurre in modo sbagliato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dub" + ], + "it": [ + "doppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (movies) with a soundtrack of a foreign language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise" + ], + "it": [ + "sincronizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (motion picture sound) exactly simultaneous with the action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide an interlinear translation of a word or phrase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phrase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide, combine, or mark into phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Latinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "translate into Latin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloss", + "comment", + "annotate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide interlinear explanations for words or phrases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commentate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a commentary on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paraphrase", + "rephrase", + "reword" + ], + "it": [ + "parafrasare", + "riformulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express the same message in different words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express, as in simple and less technical language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lexicalize", + "lexicalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or coin into a word or accept a new word into the lexicon of a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk", + "speak" + ], + "it": [ + "parlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange thoughts; talk with" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare verbalmente con qualcuno di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in a condescending manner, as if to a child" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak at great length (about something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogmatize", + "dogmatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak dogmatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak impudently to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak", + "talk" + ], + "it": [ + "parlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use language" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimersi attraverso il linguaggio verbale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk or narrate at length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak with spotty or superficial knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use slang or vulgar language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk frankly with; lay it on the line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk turkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss frankly, often in a business context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monologuize", + "monologuise", + "soliloquize", + "soliloquise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk to oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converse", + "discourse" + ], + "it": [ + "colloquiare", + "discorrere", + "conversare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on a conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broach", + "initiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring up a topic for discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report", + "describe", + "account" + ], + "it": [ + "disegnare", + "riportare", + "descrivere", + "riferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to give an account or representation of in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known to the authorities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complain about; make a charge against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report" + ], + "it": [ + "presentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce one's presence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announce", + "declare" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciare", + "annunziare", + "bandire", + "dichiarare", + "proclamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce publicly or officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check in", + "sign in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce one's arrival, e.g. at hotels or airports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock in", + "punch in", + "clock on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register one's arrival at work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce one's departure from a hotel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clock out", + "punch out", + "clock off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register one's departure from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report" + ], + "it": [ + "riferire", + "riportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "report", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un servizio su" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain a check on; especially by patrolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publish", + "bring out", + "put out", + "issue", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicare", + "rilasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare and issue for public distribution or sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supervise the publication of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulate", + "circularize", + "circularise", + "distribute", + "disseminate", + "propagate", + "broadcast", + "spread", + "diffuse", + "disperse", + "pass around" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare", + "diffondere", + "diffondersi", + "diramare", + "divulgare", + "propagare", + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become widely known" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "podcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute (multimedia files) over the internet for playback on a mobile device or a personal computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satellite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast or disseminate via satellite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sportscast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast a sports event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow" + ], + "it": [ + "seminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce into an environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telecast", + "televise" + ], + "it": [ + "teletrasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast via television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colorcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast in color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go around", + "spread", + "circulate" + ], + "it": [ + "divulgarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become widely known and passed on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandy about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss casually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "popularize", + "popularise", + "vulgarize", + "vulgarise", + "generalize", + "generalise" + ], + "it": [ + "divulgare", + "volgarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cater to popular taste to make popular and present to the general public; bring into general or common use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagandize", + "propagandise" + ], + "it": [ + "propagandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread by propaganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagandize", + "propagandise" + ], + "it": [ + "propagandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to propaganda" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare", + "dire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality" + ], + "it": [ + "attribuire condizione, ruolo o qualità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misname", + "miscall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign in incorrect name to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advertize in strongly positive terms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronounce", + "label", + "judge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce judgment on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule", + "find" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide on and make a declaration about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce fit or able" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capacitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make legally capable or qualify in law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disqualify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare unfit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disqualify oneself (as a judge) in a particular case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air", + "send", + "broadcast", + "beam", + "transmit" + ], + "it": [ + "emettere", + "radiodiffondere", + "radiotrasmettere", + "trasmettere", + "mandare in onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit (a signal) for setting off an appropriate response, as in telecommunication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in onda" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerun", + "rebroadcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "broadcast again, as of a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease broadcasting; get off the air; as of radio stations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announce", + "annunciate", + "harbinger", + "foretell", + "herald" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciare", + "annunziare", + "presagire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foreshadow or presage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announce", + "denote" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known; make an announcement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry", + "blazon out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proclaim or announce in public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "attirare", + "richiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a characteristic note or cry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump", + "trump out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proclaim or announce with or as if with a fanfare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blare out", + "blat out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "announce" + ], + "it": [ + "annunciare", + "annunziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the names of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call out loudly, as of names or numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call in turn from right to left or from back to front numbers that determine some position or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertise", + "publicize", + "advertize", + "publicise" + ], + "it": [ + "far sapere in giro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publicize widely or highly, as if with a headline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballyhoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advertize noisily or blatantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug" + ], + "it": [ + "pompare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a plug for; praise the qualities or in order to sell or promote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advertise", + "advertize", + "promote", + "push" + ], + "it": [ + "publicizzare", + "reclamizzare", + "spingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make publicity for; try to sell (a product)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bill" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "publicizzare con manifesti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advertise especially by posters or placards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proclaim", + "exclaim", + "promulgate" + ], + "it": [ + "affermare", + "proclamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state or announce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proclaim one's support, sympathy, or opinion for or against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet" + ], + "it": [ + "strombazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proclaim on, or as if on, a trumpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proclaim on, or as if on, a clarion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulate", + "enunciate", + "vocalize", + "vocalise" + ], + "it": [ + "articolare", + "enunciare", + "enunziare", + "scandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or state clearly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronounce", + "articulate", + "enounce", + "sound out", + "enunciate", + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "articolare", + "pronunciare", + "pronunziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way" + ], + "it": [ + "produrre materialmente grazie all'apparato fonatorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroflex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate (a consonant) with the tongue curled back against the palate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subvocalize", + "subvocalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate without making audible sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter aloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabize", + "syllabise" + ], + "it": [ + "sillabare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with distinct articulation of each syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lengthen and slow down or draw out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round", + "labialize", + "labialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with rounded lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give voice", + "formulate", + "word", + "phrase", + "articulate" + ], + "it": [ + "enunciare", + "enunziare", + "esternare", + "formulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into words or an expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogmatize", + "dogmatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state as a dogma" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formularize", + "formularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express as a formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame", + "redact", + "cast", + "put", + "couch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formulate in a particular style or language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bumble", + "stutter", + "stammer", + "falter" + ], + "it": [ + "balbettare", + "ciancicare", + "ciangottare", + "cingottare", + "confondersi", + "imbrogliarsi", + "impaperarsi", + "impappinare", + "impappinarsi", + "impuntare", + "tartagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak haltingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in a grating voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blurt out", + "blurt", + "blunder out", + "blunder", + "ejaculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter impulsively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lisp" + ], + "it": [ + "parlare con la lisca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak with a lisp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "inflect", + "modulate" + ], + "it": [ + "modulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary the pitch of one's speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflect" + ], + "it": [ + "dechinare", + "declinare", + "flettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the form of a word in accordance as required by the grammatical rules of the language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflect for number, gender, case, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conjugate" + ], + "it": [ + "coniugare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add inflections showing person, number, gender, tense, aspect, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress", + "accent", + "accentuate" + ], + "it": [ + "accentare", + "sottolineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put stress on; utter with an accent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocalize", + "vocalise", + "vowelize", + "vowelise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce as a vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utter", + "emit", + "let out", + "let loose" + ], + "it": [ + "emettere", + "lanciare", + "mandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express audibly; utter sounds (not necessarily words)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter fast and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gurgle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with a gurgling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a characteristic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nasale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in a nasal voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with a sigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a cry intended to attract other animals; used especially of animals at rutting time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make audible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter while panting, as if out of breath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or utter spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a sound, as with obvious effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chorus" + ], + "it": [ + "rispondere in coro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in unison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sputter", + "splutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with a spitting sound, as if in a rage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "describe", + "depict", + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "descrivere", + "esporre", + "tracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a description of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "describe or present, usually with respect to a particular quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symbolize", + "symbolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent or identify by using a symbol; use symbols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "actualize", + "actualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent or describe realistically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a means of expressing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatize", + "dramatise" + ], + "it": [ + "drammatizzare", + "sceneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent something in a dramatic manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdramatize", + "overdramatise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present in an overly dramatic manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portray" + ], + "it": [ + "ritrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "portray in words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delineate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "describe in vivid detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "speak" + ], + "it": [ + "rivolgersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a speech to" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzare un discorso a un pubblico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise in order to make a speech or motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver", + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "pronunciare", + "pronunziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter (an exclamation, noise, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speechify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make speeches; hold forth, or harangue with a certain degree of formality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harangue" + ], + "it": [ + "arringare", + "concionare", + "orare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a harangue to; address forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach" + ], + "it": [ + "avvicinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make advances to someone, usually with a proposal or suggestion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "accost", + "come up to" + ], + "it": [ + "accostare", + "avvicinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an address on (an envelope)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdirect", + "misaddress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a wrong address on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address a legal document to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a new address on (an envelope), as for forwarding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlighten", + "edify" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make understand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disabuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free somebody (from an erroneous belief)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publicize with, or as if with, a poster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placard", + "bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publicize or announce by placards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gesticulate", + "gesture", + "motion" + ], + "it": [ + "gesticolare", + "sbracciare", + "smanacciare", + "smanazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show, express or direct through movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake (a body part) to communicate a greeting, feeling, or cognitive state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telepathize", + "telepathise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate nonverbally by telepathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate or express by writing" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere qualcosa tramite la scrittura" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write to an organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make consistent with certain rules of style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apostrophize", + "apostrophise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use an apostrophe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert information into code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code", + "encipher", + "cipher", + "cypher", + "encrypt", + "inscribe", + "write in code" + ], + "it": [ + "cifrare", + "codificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert ordinary language into code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decode", + "decrypt", + "decipher" + ], + "it": [ + "decifrare", + "decodificare", + "decrittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert code into ordinary language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transliterate", + "transcribe" + ], + "it": [ + "translitterare", + "trascrivere", + "traslitterare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rewrite in a different script" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcribe" + ], + "it": [ + "trascrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a phonetic transcription of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcribe" + ], + "it": [ + "trascrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write out from speech, notes, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into notation, as of music or choreography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Romanize", + "Romanise", + "Latinize", + "Latinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write in the Latin alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braille" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transcribe in braille" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewrite" + ], + "it": [ + "riscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write differently; alter the writing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make revisions in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amend" + ], + "it": [ + "emendare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make amendments to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign", + "subscribe" + ], + "it": [ + "firmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with one's signature; write one's name (on)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign with a mark instead of a name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undersign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign at the bottom of (a document)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "append one's signature to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autograph", + "inscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with one's signature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initial" + ], + "it": [ + "siglare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with one's initials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countersign" + ], + "it": [ + "controfirmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add one's signature to after another's to attest authenticity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign in the presence of witnesses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endorse", + "indorse" + ], + "it": [ + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign as evidence of legal transfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosign", + "co-sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign and endorse (another person's signature), as for a loan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visa" + ], + "it": [ + "convalidare", + "vistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a passport) with a visa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dot or dots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record", + "tape" + ], + "it": [ + "incidere", + "registrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register electronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demagnetize", + "demagnetise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erase (a magnetic storage device)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write", + "save" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record data on a computer" + ], + "it": [ + "registrare su un supporto per la memorizzazione di dati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write new data on top of existing data and thus erase the previously existing data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape record" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record with a tape recorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prerecord" + ], + "it": [ + "preregistrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record before presentation, as of a broadcast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a record of additions to a collection, such as a library" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display, as of records in sports games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erase", + "delete" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe out digitally or magnetically recorded information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to perform and record a sale on a cash register" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record", + "enter", + "put down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a record of; set down in permanent form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manifest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in a ship's manifest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write, engrave, or print as a lasting record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chronicle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in chronological order; make a historical record" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set forth", + "expound", + "exposit" + ], + "it": [ + "esporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set forth beforehand, often as an explanation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file", + "file away" + ], + "it": [ + "archiviare", + "schedare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a container for keeping records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file", + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in a public office or in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trademark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register the trademark of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "document" + ], + "it": [ + "documentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a log, as on ships and planes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log up", + "clock up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record a distance travelled; on planes and cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film", + "shoot", + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "filmare", + "girare", + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a film or photograph of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "videotape", + "tape" + ], + "it": [ + "videoregistrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record on videotape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photograph", + "snap", + "shoot" + ], + "it": [ + "fotografare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record on photographic film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photograph again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshoot" + ], + "it": [ + "rigirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "x-ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take an x-ray of something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make underscoring marks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underline", + "underscore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a line or lines underneath to call attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put quote marks around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notch a surface to record something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "type", + "typewrite" + ], + "it": [ + "dattilografare", + "dattiloscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write by means of a keyboard with types" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a shift key on a keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwrite" + ], + "it": [ + "vergare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backspace" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit the backspace key on a computer or typewriter keyboard" + ], + "it": [ + "battere il tasto di ritorno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type with a full space between lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple-space" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type with two empty spaces between lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch-type" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "type without looking at the keyboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell out" + ], + "it": [ + "specificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make explicit; specify in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jot down", + "jot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write briefly or hurriedly; write a short note of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribble", + "scrabble" + ], + "it": [ + "scarabocchiare", + "scribacchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write down quickly without much attention to detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch", + "outline", + "adumbrate" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzare", + "delineare", + "profilare", + "schizzare", + "tracciare", + "trattare", + "tratteggiare", + "descrivere a grandi linee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correspond" + ], + "it": [ + "scriversi", + "essere in corrispondenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange messages" + ], + "it": [ + "tenersi in contatto tramite lettere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write", + "drop a line" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate (with) in writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable", + "telegraph", + "wire" + ], + "it": [ + "telegrafare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send cables, wires, or telegrams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radio" + ], + "it": [ + "radiotrasmettere", + "comunicare via radio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit messages via radio waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fax", + "telefax", + "facsimile" + ], + "it": [ + "faxare", + "spedire via fax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send something via a facsimile machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sum up", + "summarize", + "summarise", + "resume" + ], + "it": [ + "compendiare", + "epilogare", + "rassumere", + "recapitolare", + "riassumere", + "ricapitolare", + "riepilogare", + "sintetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a summary (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an abstract (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a summary (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a summary or abstract of a legal document and inscribe it in a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "docket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on the docket for legal action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapitulate", + "recap" + ], + "it": [ + "recapitolare", + "ricapitolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summarize briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrograde", + "rehash", + "hash over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "state", + "say", + "tell" + ], + "it": [ + "dire", + "enunciare", + "enunziare", + "affermare", + "dichiarare", + "raccontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express in words" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere qualcosa verbalmente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "say" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ], + "it": [ + "affermare", + "asserire", + "dichiarare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state emphatically and authoritatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a declaration (of dutiable goods) to a customs official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirm", + "verify", + "assert", + "avow", + "aver", + "swan", + "swear" + ], + "it": [ + "asserire", + "asseverare", + "dichiarare", + "affermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest" + ], + "it": [ + "protestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affirm or avow formally or solemnly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affirm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "say yes to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reaffirm" + ], + "it": [ + "ribadire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affirm once again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirm", + "reassert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strengthen or make more firm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach or append a legal verification to (a pleading or petition)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validate", + "corroborate" + ], + "it": [ + "avvalorare", + "corroborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give evidence for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumstantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give circumstantial evidence for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconfirm" + ], + "it": [ + "raffermare", + "riconfermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confirm again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swear", + "depose", + "depone" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a deposition; declare under oath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remonstrate", + "point out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present and urge reasons in opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stress", + "emphasize", + "emphasise", + "punctuate", + "accent", + "accentuate" + ], + "it": [ + "accentuare", + "enfatizzare", + "evidenziare", + "marcare", + "sottolineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to stress, single out as important" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topicalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emphasize by putting heavy stress on or by moving to the front of the sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emphasize, especially by identification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive home", + "ram home", + "press home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clear by special emphasis and try to convince somebody of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underscore", + "underline", + "emphasize", + "emphasise" + ], + "it": [ + "accentuare", + "enfatizzare", + "evidenziare", + "sottolineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give extra weight to (a communication)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testify", + "attest", + "take the stand", + "bear witness" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre", + "testimoniare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give testimony in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give personal assurance; guarantee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "testify", + "bear witness", + "prove", + "evidence", + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "attestare", + "comprovare", + "confermare", + "dimostrare", + "testimoniare", + "mostrare", + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide evidence for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "presume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitute reasonable evidence for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adduce", + "abduce", + "cite" + ], + "it": [ + "addurre", + "allegare", + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance evidence for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allege", + "aver", + "say" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "report or maintain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an allegation in an action or other legal proceeding, especially answer the previous pleading of the other party by denying facts therein stated or by alleging new facts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a demurrer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assert", + "asseverate", + "maintain" + ], + "it": [ + "affermare", + "asserire", + "asseverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state categorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicate", + "proclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affirm or declare as an attribute or quality of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the (grammatical) predicate in a proposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swear in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer on oath to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maintain", + "defend" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state or assert" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand", + "exact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "claim as due or just" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to be informed of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "command" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand as one's due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for legally or make a legal claim to, as of debts, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterclaim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up a claim in opposition to a previous claim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit" + ], + "it": [ + "rimettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from (claims, debts, or taxes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulate", + "qualify", + "condition", + "specify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a guarantee or promise of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assure", + "tell" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inform positively and with certainty and confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassure" + ], + "it": [ + "calmare", + "tranquillizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or restore confidence in; cause to feel sure or certain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "observe", + "mention", + "remark" + ], + "it": [ + "notare", + "osservare", + "rilevare", + "rimarcare", + "sottolineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mention of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write down", + "set down", + "get down", + "put down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put down in writing; of texts, musical compositions, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash down", + "dash off" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere rapidamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write down hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete", + "fill out", + "fill in", + "make out" + ], + "it": [ + "compilare", + "redigere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write all the required information onto a form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "take down" + ], + "it": [ + "annotare", + "appuntare", + "segnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a written note of" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere nota di qualcosa che si vuole ricordare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemplify", + "illustrate", + "instance" + ], + "it": [ + "chiarire", + "esemplificare", + "illustrare", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clarify by giving an example of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclude", + "resolve" + ], + "it": [ + "combinare", + "concludere", + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrange", + "fix up" + ], + "it": [ + "combinare", + "fissare", + "organizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make arrangements for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firm up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specify", + "particularize", + "particularise", + "specialize", + "specialise" + ], + "it": [ + "specificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be specific about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgeneralize", + "overgeneralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw too general a conclusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalize", + "generalise", + "extrapolate", + "infer" + ], + "it": [ + "estrapolare", + "extrapolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw from specific cases for more general cases" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "universalize", + "universalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make universal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generalize", + "generalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak or write in generalities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mention", + "cite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quote", + "cite" + ], + "it": [ + "citare", + "riportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat a passage from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quote", + "cite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to for illustration or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misquote" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "citare erroneamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quote incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quote" + ], + "it": [ + "quotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "name the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underquote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "quote a price lower than that quoted by (another seller)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mention", + "advert", + "bring up", + "cite", + "name", + "refer" + ], + "it": [ + "accennare", + "citare", + "mentovare", + "menzionare", + "nominare", + "ricordare", + "riferirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make reference to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to or discuss briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invoke", + "appeal" + ], + "it": [ + "invocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cite as an authority; resort to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "namedrop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to people that one assumes one's interlocutors admire in order to try to impress them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "bring up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward for consideration or discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call up", + "bring forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forward for consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip in", + "stick in", + "sneak in", + "insert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert casually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag up", + "dredge up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mention something unpleasant from the past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-refer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer from one entry to another, as in catalogues, books, and lists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "identify" + ], + "it": [ + "menzionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer (a word or name) to a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allude", + "touch", + "advert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a more or less disguised reference to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "get", + "aim" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into a desired direction of discourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add", + "append", + "supply" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "state or say further" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toss in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add casually to a conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decree" + ], + "it": [ + "decretare", + "deliberare", + "decidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue a decree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opine", + "speak up", + "speak out", + "animadvert", + "sound off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express one's opinion openly and without fear or hesitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "editorialize", + "editorialise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "esprimere delle opinioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert personal opinions into an objective statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baptize", + "baptise", + "christen" + ], + "it": [ + "battezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer baptism to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a name to designate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style", + "title" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designate by an identifying term" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dub", + "nickname" + ], + "it": [ + "battezzare", + "cognominare", + "doppiare", + "soprannominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a nickname to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare", + "battezzare", + "denominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to" + ], + "it": [ + "attribuire un nominativo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rename" + ], + "it": [ + "ribattezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a new name to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go by", + "go under" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be called; go by a certain name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entitle", + "title" + ], + "it": [ + "intitolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a title to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "term" + ], + "it": [ + "definire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "name formally or designate with a term" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare con una certa espressione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a name or nickname" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "label" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a label to; designate with a label" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "designate", + "denominate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a name or title to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excommunicate", + "unchurch", + "curse" + ], + "it": [ + "scomunicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exclude from a church or a religious community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer Communion; in church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a covenant or formal agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post", + "brand" + ], + "it": [ + "bollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or expose as infamous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail", + "post", + "send" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzare", + "inviare", + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be directed or transmitted to another place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send by rapid transport or special messenger service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate by letter" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare tramite la posta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airmail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send or transport by airmail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send by registered mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "e-mail", + "email", + "netmail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate electronically on the computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send unwanted or junk e-mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "network" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate with and within a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express-mail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send by express mail or courier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explain or interpret something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disk-jockey", + "disc-jockey", + "DJ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comment on music to be played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "treat", + "handle", + "plow", + "deal", + "address" + ], + "it": [ + "affrontare", + "coprire", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarcoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear more pleasant or appealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theologize", + "theologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat from a theological viewpoint or render theological in character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discourse", + "talk about", + "discuss" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattere", + "discutere", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to consider or examine in speech or writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk at great length about something of one's interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "talk shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss matters that are related to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruct or hinder any discussion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browbeat", + "bully", + "swagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discourage or frighten with threats or a domineering manner; intimidate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise" + ], + "it": [ + "transigere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle by concession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "mettersi d'accordo", + "essere d'accordo", + "convenire", + "accordarsi", + "concordare", + "trovarsi d'accordo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "giungere a una condivisione di opinioni o intenzioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise" + ], + "it": [ + "venire a un compromesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a compromise; arrive at a compromise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compromise oneself for money or other gains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give and take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mutual concessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queer", + "expose", + "scupper", + "endanger", + "peril" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a dangerous, disadvantageous, or difficult position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compromise" + ], + "it": [ + "compromettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose or make liable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter", + "piffle", + "palaver", + "prate", + "tittle-tattle", + "twaddle", + "clack", + "maunder", + "prattle", + "blab", + "gibber", + "tattle", + "blabber", + "gabble" + ], + "it": [ + "cianciare", + "ciaramellare", + "cicalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make noise as if chattering away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yack", + "jaw", + "yack away", + "rattle on", + "yap away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk incessantly and tiresomely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babble", + "blather", + "smatter", + "blether", + "blither" + ], + "it": [ + "blaterare", + "cianciare", + "ciarlare", + "sfringuellare", + "taccolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to talk foolishly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chat up", + "flirt", + "dally", + "butterfly", + "coquet", + "coquette", + "romance", + "philander", + "mash" + ], + "it": [ + "flirtare", + "frascheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk or behave amorously, without serious intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in amorous play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act seductively with (someone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chew the fat", + "shoot the breeze", + "chat", + "confabulate", + "confab", + "chitchat", + "chit-chat", + "chatter", + "chaffer", + "natter", + "gossip", + "jaw", + "claver", + "visit" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierare", + "ciarlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk socially without exchanging too much information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shmooze", + "shmoose", + "schmooze", + "schmoose", + "jawbone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk idly or casually and in a friendly way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign", + "signal", + "signalize", + "signalise" + ], + "it": [ + "segnalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make known with a word or signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wigwag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal by or as if by a flag or light waved according to a code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semaphore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey by semaphore, of information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "semaphore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send signals by or as if by semaphore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heliograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal by means of a mirror and the using the sun's rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate or signal with a flag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate silently; form words with the lips only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lip-synch", + "lip-sync" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move the lips in synchronization (with recorded speech or song)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close up", + "clam up", + "dummy up", + "shut up", + "belt up", + "button up", + "be quiet", + "keep mum" + ], + "it": [ + "abbottonarsi", + "tacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to talk or stop talking; fall silent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk freely and without inhibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beckon", + "wave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal with the hands or nod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beckon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon with a wave, nod, or some other gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to come" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dish the dirt", + "gossip" + ], + "it": [ + "chiacchierare", + "cicalecciare", + "lingueggiare", + "malignare", + "maliziare", + "pettegolare", + "pettegoleggiare", + "spettegolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wag one's tongue; speak about others and reveal secrets or intimacies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumor", + "rumour", + "bruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tell or spread rumors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk volubly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snivel", + "whine" + ], + "it": [ + "frignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk in a tearful manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to utter a loud clamorous shout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pant-hoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate by hooting and panting, as of primates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunt-hoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate by hooting and grunting, as of primates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grunt" + ], + "it": [ + "grugnire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue a grunting, low, animal-like noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or express by whistling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a signal by whistling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf-whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whistle or howl approvingly at a female, of males" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle", + "sing" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiare", + "sibilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a whining, ringing, or whistling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murmur" + ], + "it": [ + "mormorare", + "sussurrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak softly or indistinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "susurrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue soft noises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumble", + "mutter", + "maunder", + "mussitate" + ], + "it": [ + "biasciare", + "biascicare", + "bofonchiare", + "borbottare", + "brontolare", + "farfugliare", + "mugugnare", + "parlottare", + "mormorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk indistinctly; usually in a low voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter indistinctly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak disparagingly of; e.g., make a racial slur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate contempt by breathing noisily and forcefully through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spit", + "spit out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with anger or contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groan", + "moan" + ], + "it": [ + "gemere", + "lagnare", + "lamentarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grumble", + "growl", + "rumble" + ], + "it": [ + "brontolare", + "grugnire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roar", + "howl" + ], + "it": [ + "mugghiare", + "rumoreggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud, roaring sound, as of a car engine, while moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yawp", + "bawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a raucous noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder" + ], + "it": [ + "scrosciare", + "tuonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make or produce a loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sough", + "purl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a murmuring sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howl", + "ululate", + "wail", + "roar", + "yawl", + "yaup" + ], + "it": [ + "mugghiare", + "ululare", + "urlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit long loud cries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squall", + "waul", + "wawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make high-pitched, whiney noises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "howl", + "wrawl", + "yammer", + "yowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry loudly, as of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak in an unfriendly tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make barking sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay", + "quest" + ], + "it": [ + "latrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bark with prolonged noises, of dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter in deep prolonged tones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yelp", + "yip", + "yap" + ], + "it": [ + "guaire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bark in a high-pitched tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleat", + "blate", + "blat", + "baa" + ], + "it": [ + "belare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry plaintively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleat" + ], + "it": [ + "belare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk whiningly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bawl", + "bellow" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare", + "sbraitare", + "urlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout loudly and without restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bellow", + "roar" + ], + "it": [ + "bramire", + "mugghiare", + "muggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud noise, as of animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squawk", + "screak", + "skreak", + "skreigh", + "screech" + ], + "it": [ + "squittire", + "stridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a harsh abrupt scream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a shrill creaking, squeaking, or noise, as of a door, mouse, or bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing a note with the correct pitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing loudly and without inhibition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croon" + ], + "it": [ + "cantarellare", + "canterellare", + "canticchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing softly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing or play against other voices or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chant", + "intone", + "intonate", + "cantillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recite with musical intonation; recite as a chant or a psalm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singsong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak, chant, or declaim in a singsong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intonate", + "intone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speak carefully, as with rising and falling pitch or in a particular tone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to play or sing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yodel", + "warble", + "descant" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing by changing register; sing by yodeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warble", + "trill", + "quaver" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgheggiare", + "trillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing or play with trills, alternating with the half note above or below" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quaver", + "waver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off unsteady sounds, alternating in amplitude or frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing treble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declaim", + "recite" + ], + "it": [ + "declamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recite in elocution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver an oration in grandiloquent style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perorate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ], + "it": [ + "scandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read metrically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rant", + "mouth off", + "jabber", + "spout", + "rabbit on", + "rave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk in a noisy, excited, or declamatory manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep", + "cheep", + "chirp", + "chirrup" + ], + "it": [ + "garrire", + "pigolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make high-pitched sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churr", + "whirr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a vibrant sound, as of some birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chirr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a vibrant noise, of grasshoppers or cicadas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meow", + "mew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry like a cat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purr", + "make vibrant sounds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate pleasure by purring; characteristic of cats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter quacking noises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter the characteristic sound of owls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honk", + "cronk" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare il clacson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cry like a goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honk", + "claxon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use the horn of a car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chitter", + "twitter" + ], + "it": [ + "cinguettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make high-pitched sounds, as of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiss", + "siss", + "sizz", + "sibilate" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sharp hissing sound, as if to show disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assibilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert a sibilant sound before or after (another sound)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiss", + "sizz", + "siss", + "sibilate" + ], + "it": [ + "fischiare", + "sibilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express or utter with a hiss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a sibilant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hee-haw", + "bray" + ], + "it": [ + "ragliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "braying characteristic of donkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeal", + "oink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a high-pitched cry, characteristic of pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluck", + "click", + "clack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a clucking sounds, characteristic of hens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moo", + "low" + ], + "it": [ + "muggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a low noise, characteristic of bovines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a click" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trill" + ], + "it": [ + "gorgheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with a trill, of the phoneme `r'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sibilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with an initial sibilant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with a flap, of alveolar sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burst as a result of air pressure; of stop consonants like /p/, /t/, and /k/" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hum" + ], + "it": [ + "accennare", + "canticchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing with closed lips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pronounce with a roll, of the phoneme /r/" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a cackling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a low continuous sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackle" + ], + "it": [ + "schiamazzare", + "starnazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squawk shrilly and loudly, characteristic of hens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "talk or utter in a cackling manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a noise characteristic of a goose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "respond to the reins, as of horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam", + "block" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interfere with or prevent the reception of signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrage jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jam an entire frequency spectrum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jam a narrow band of frequencies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jam a single frequency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jam a broad spectrum of frequencies to affect all communications in the area except for directional antenna communications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mince", + "soften", + "moderate" + ], + "it": [ + "mitigare", + "smussare", + "smussarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less severe or harsh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crunch", + "scranch", + "scraunch", + "crackle" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a crushing noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a gurgling sound, characteristic of turkeys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comment", + "notice", + "remark", + "point out" + ], + "it": [ + "commentare", + "rilevare", + "evidenziare", + "sottolineare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or write a comment on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wisecrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a comment, usually ironic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kibitz", + "kibbitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unwanted and intrusive comments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice", + "acknowledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignore", + "disregard", + "snub", + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "disconoscere", + "evitare", + "ignorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to acknowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neigh", + "nicker", + "whicker", + "whinny" + ], + "it": [ + "annitrire", + "nitrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a characteristic sound, of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gargle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with gargling or burbling sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caw" + ], + "it": [ + "gracchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a cry, characteristic of crows, rooks, or ravens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mew" + ], + "it": [ + "stridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a high-pitched cry, as of seagulls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "pay" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "fare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "render" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catcall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter catcalls at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "convey", + "express" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere", + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a means for expressing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass on a communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express", + "state" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate through a symbol, formula, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter `haw'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter `hem' or `ahem'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem and haw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter `hems' and `haws'; indicated hesitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hypothecate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pledge without delivery or title of possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubbish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render", + "deliver", + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish as the highest level or best performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send", + "get off", + "send off" + ], + "it": [ + "mandare", + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilire un canale di comunicazione telefonico o via radio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare", + "emettere", + "rilasciare", + "spiccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring out an official document (such as a warrant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine (what is to happen in certain contingencies), especially by including a proviso condition or stipulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come across", + "come over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate the intended meaning or impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "call for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "request the participation or presence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pooh-pooh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express contempt about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash out", + "hammer out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discuss vehemently in order to reach a solution or an agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croak", + "cronk" + ], + "it": [ + "gracchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter a hoarse sound, like a raven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place under a spell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unspell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from a spell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write out", + "issue", + "make out", + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "emettere", + "fare", + "intestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make out and issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write out a check on a bank account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduce", + "bring out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring before the public for the first time, as of an actor, song, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "puff up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise extravagantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explain" + ], + "it": [ + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "define" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babble" + ], + "it": [ + "balbettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter meaningless sounds, like a baby, or utter in an incoherent way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "maintain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain by writing regular records" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think twice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consider and reconsider carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confront", + "face", + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere a confronto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tone", + "chant", + "intone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter monotonously and repetitively and rhythmically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter or make a noise, as when swallowing too quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "menace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a threat either by an utterance or a gesture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express with a beaming face or smile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express with a smile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurl", + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare", + "lanciare", + "scagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "utter with force; utter vehemently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make melodious sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "read aloud to check for omissions or absentees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to public notice by writing, with praise or condemnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traverse", + "deny" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deny formally (an allegation of fact by the opposing party) in a legal suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require or ask for as a price or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate a decision in regard to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon to court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "reclamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay legal claim to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ], + "it": [ + "collegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join for the purpose of communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ], + "it": [ + "collegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join by means of communication equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accord by verdict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "request" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inquire for (information)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inquire for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in verbal contact; interchange information or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etymologize", + "etymologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the etymology or derivation or suggest an etymology (for a word)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to speak, understand, read, and write a language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printing: direct that a matter marked for omission or correction is to be retained (used in the imperative)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprobate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandon to eternal damnation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send as a message" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "message" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send a message to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach agreement on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluralize", + "pluralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a grammatical morpheme that indicates plural" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harsh on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "criticize harshly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compete", + "vie", + "contend" + ], + "it": [ + "competere", + "contendere", + "guerreggiare", + "rivaleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put in", + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an application as for a job or funding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try for", + "go for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an attempt at achieving something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participate in games or sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take one's position before a kick-off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the Scottish game of curling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave one's opponent unable to take a direct shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to follow suit when able and required to do so" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into a strategically more advantageous position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be on base at the end of an inning, of a player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play wrong or in an unskillful manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play in the starting lineup" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop or juggle or fail to play cleanly a grounder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ], + "it": [ + "fare una volee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a volley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unblock" + ], + "it": [ + "liberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the cards of (a suit) so that the last trick on which a hand can follow suit will be taken by a higher card in the hand of a partner who has the remaining cards of a combined holding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replay" + ], + "it": [ + "rigiocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cricket" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a cricket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a backstop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fullback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the fullback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarterback" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the quarterback" + ], + "it": [ + "nel football americano, essere il giocatore centrale che guida l'attacco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run with the stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "muovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a turn; make one's move in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluff", + "bluff out" + ], + "it": [ + "bluffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deceive an opponent by a bold bet on an inferior hand with the result that the opponent withdraws a winning hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalemate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a stalemate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castle" + ], + "it": [ + "arroccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move the king two squares toward a rook and in the same move the rook to the square next past the king" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put the ball into play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve an ace against (someone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the opening move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump", + "ruff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a trump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtrump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a trump higher than (one previously played) to the trick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossruff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trump alternately in two hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose the lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confront", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "affrontare", + "fronteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppose, as in hostility or a competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front", + "breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confront bodily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the bull by the horns" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "face a difficulty and grapple with it without avoiding it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "encounter", + "play", + "take on" + ], + "it": [ + "incontrare", + "incontrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employ in a game or in a specific position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use or move" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change a pawn for a better piece by advancing it to the eighth row, or change a checker piece for a more valuable piece by moving it to the row closest to your opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be changed for a superior chess or checker piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot or hit in a particular manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat a game against the same opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pit", + "oppose", + "match", + "play off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set into opposition or rivalry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide (a contest or competition) by a runoff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play to a finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i26999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play as a fielder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert full strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fistfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight with the fists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch or pick up (balls) in baseball or cricket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the catcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enter", + "participate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become a participant; be involved in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter eagerly into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop out", + "give up", + "fall by the wayside", + "drop by the wayside", + "throw in", + "throw in the towel", + "quit", + "chuck up the sponge" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendere", + "arrendersi", + "demordere", + "desistere", + "mollare", + "recedere", + "rinunciare", + "rinunziare", + "ristare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up in the face of defeat of lacking hope; admit defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demolish", + "destroy" + ], + "it": [ + "demolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat soundly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overthrow or destroy (something considered evil or harmful)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engulf and destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut to ribbons" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat totally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face off", + "bully off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start a game by a face-off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee off" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike a ball from the teeing ground at the start of a hole" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire la palla sul tee e quindi dare inizio alla partita" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "par" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a score (on a hole) equal to par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score (a spare)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score an extra point or points after touchdown by kicking the ball through the uprights or advancing the ball into the end zone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play (a hole) in one stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere la palla in buca con un colpo solo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "referee", + "umpire" + ], + "it": [ + "arbitrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a referee or umpire in a sports competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicap", + "hinder", + "hamper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put at a disadvantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bias" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence in an unfair way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handicap" + ], + "it": [ + "contrastare", + "impastoiare", + "incagliare", + "mettere in svantaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attempt to forecast the winner (especially in a horse race) and assign odds for or against a contestant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "correre", + "gareggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compete in a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish third or better in a horse or dog race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish second or better in a horse or dog race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat-race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participate in a boat race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse-race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compete in a horse race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a racehorse as a professional jockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm", + "build up", + "fortify", + "gird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare oneself for a military confrontation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearm", + "re-arm" + ], + "it": [ + "riarmarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arm anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forearm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arm in advance of a confrontation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarm", + "demilitarize", + "demilitarise" + ], + "it": [ + "disarmare", + "smilitarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove offensive capability from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarm", + "unarm" + ], + "it": [ + "disarmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away the weapons from; render harmless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demobilize", + "demobilise", + "demob" + ], + "it": [ + "congedare", + "smobilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retire from military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mobilize", + "mobilise" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get ready for war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with workers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ], + "it": [ + "fornire di personale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with staff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "station", + "post", + "send", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "appostare", + "collocare", + "dislocare", + "postare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "station (troops) in a fort or garrison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "team", + "team up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to, as a journalist to a military unit when reporting on a war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a crew member on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gang", + "gang up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as an organized group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "group", + "aggroup" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliersi", + "raggrupparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a group or group together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join or form a pool of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brigade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or unite into a brigade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contend", + "fight", + "struggle" + ], + "it": [ + "battersi", + "combattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "join battle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "struggle in opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight", + "oppose", + "fight back", + "fight down", + "defend" + ], + "it": [ + "combattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight against or resist strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recalcitrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show strong objection or repugnance; manifest vigorous opposition or resistance; be obstinately disobedient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "get back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get one's revenge for a wrong or an injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defend oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "battle", + "combat" + ], + "it": [ + "combattere", + "tenzonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "battle or contend against in or as if in a battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in an aerial battle with another fighter plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "war" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or wage war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blitzkrieg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight a quick and surprising war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go to war", + "take arms", + "take up arms" + ], + "it": [ + "armarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commence hostilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make peace" + ], + "it": [ + "riappacificarsi", + "riconciliarsi", + "fare pace", + "far pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end hostilities" + ], + "it": [ + "ritornare a un rapporto pacifico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign", + "take the field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on a campaign; go off to war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crusade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on a crusade; fight a holy war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "campaign", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run, stand, or compete for an office or a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel through a district and make political speeches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run again for office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnstorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tour the country making political speeches, giving lectures, or presenting plays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barnstorm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear at county fairs and carnivals as a stunt flier and parachute jumper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistlestop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tour the country in order to solicit votes for an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve" + ], + "it": [ + "prestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do duty or hold offices; serve in a specific function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve in a specific professional capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve on the staff of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge one's duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criticize", + "criticise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a critic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a job or duty on a rotating basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officiate", + "function" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform duties attached to a particular office or place or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caddie", + "caddy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a caddie and carry clubs for a player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soldier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a soldier in the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlist" + ], + "it": [ + "arruolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join a club, an activity, etc. with the intention to join or participate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enlist", + "draft", + "muster in" + ], + "it": [ + "arrolare", + "arruolare", + "reclutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage somebody to enter the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge", + "muster out" + ], + "it": [ + "riformare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call up", + "mobilize", + "mobilise", + "rally" + ], + "it": [ + "mobilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to arms; of military personnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demobilize", + "inactivate", + "demobilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from military service or remove from the active list of military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruit", + "levy", + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "radunare", + "reclutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to assemble or enlist in the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conscript" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enroll into service compulsorily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militarize", + "militarise" + ], + "it": [ + "militarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lend a military character to (a country), as by building up a military force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remilitarize", + "remilitarise" + ], + "it": [ + "rimilitarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "militarize anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demilitarize", + "demilitarise" + ], + "it": [ + "smilitarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with the military organization and potential of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to win" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire sconfitto da una lotta, uno scontro, una competizione, una gara e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be defeated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose (a game)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "win" + ], + "it": [ + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious" + ], + "it": [ + "portare a termine con successo uno scontro, una competizione, una prova" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be successful in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win an overwhelming victory in or on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outpoint", + "outscore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score more points than one's opponents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a home run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare the loser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win in an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure the passage or adoption (of bills and motions)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevail", + "triumph" + ], + "it": [ + "prevalere", + "trionfare", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove superior" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenere il successo, riportare la vittoria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "beat out", + "crush", + "shell", + "trounce", + "vanquish" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out better in a competition, race, or conflict" + ], + "it": [ + "superare, sconfiggere qualcuno in uno scontro armato, in un incontro sportivo, in giochi o scommesse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eliminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a contest or race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worst", + "pip", + "mop up", + "whip", + "rack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat soundly and utterly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring down or defeat (an opponent)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overrun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize the position of and defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat overwhelmingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch", + "skunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat by a lurch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break down", + "crush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get the best", + "have the best", + "overcome" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome, usually through no fault or weakness of the person that is overcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread-eagle", + "spreadeagle", + "rout" + ], + "it": [ + "sbaragliare", + "sconfiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat disastrously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get the jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be there first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut down", + "cut out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intercept (a player)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheat", + "chouse", + "shaft", + "screw", + "chicane", + "jockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat someone through trickery or deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwit", + "overreach", + "outsmart", + "outfox", + "beat", + "circumvent" + ], + "it": [ + "farla in barba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat through cleverness and wit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outgrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow faster than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outshout", + "outcry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shout louder than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outroar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roar louder than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail faster or better than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a gun faster, or best someone in a gunfight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surpass", + "outstrip", + "outmatch", + "outgo", + "exceed", + "outdo", + "surmount", + "outperform" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "sorpassare", + "superare", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or do something to a greater degree" + ], + "it": [ + "superare per qualità, capacità, virtù" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell more than others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sold more often than other, similar products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outpace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass in speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "better", + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass in excellence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steal the show, draw attention to oneself away from someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outshine" + ], + "it": [ + "superare in splendore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract more attention and praise than others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a greater range than (another gun)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outweigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be heavier than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be braver than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "out-herod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass someone in cruelty or evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outdo someone in trickery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rank first; used often in a negative context" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass or beat by a wide margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get the better of", + "overcome", + "defeat" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "debellare", + "sconfiggere", + "superare", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win a victory over" + ], + "it": [ + "riuscire a superare ciò che si oppone al raggiungimento di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcome", + "get over", + "subdue", + "surmount", + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "sormontare", + "superare", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get on top of; deal with successfully" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare, dominare bisogni, desideri, pulsioni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw a steer by seizing the horns and twisting the neck, as in a rodeo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout", + "rout out", + "expel" + ], + "it": [ + "sbaragliare", + "sgominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to flee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat suddenly and unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdo", + "outflank", + "trump", + "best", + "scoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get the better of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to fight better than; get the better of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat by a narrow margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outgeneral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass in generalship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manoeuver", + "maneuver", + "manoeuvre", + "operate" + ], + "it": [ + "operare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a movement in military or naval tactics in order to secure an advantage in attack or defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jockey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compete (for an advantage or a position)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outmaneuver", + "outmanoeuvre", + "outsmart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat by more skillful maneuvering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpower", + "overmaster", + "overwhelm" + ], + "it": [ + "soperchiare", + "sopraffare", + "soverchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome by superior force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroller", + "steamroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm by using great force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outmarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march longer distances and for a longer time than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gain", + "advance", + "win", + "pull ahead", + "make headway", + "get ahead", + "gain ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain advantages, such as points, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steal a base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "win back", + "get back" + ], + "it": [ + "riavere", + "ricuperare", + "riguadagnare", + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recover something or somebody that appeared to be lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "hit", + "tally", + "rack up" + ], + "it": [ + "marcare", + "realizzare", + "ottenere", + "segnare", + "mettere a segno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain points in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "totalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a certain number or letter indicating quality or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve a certain score or rating on a test" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place-kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score (a goal) by making a place kick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot in two strokes under par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score a hole in one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score an ace against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain a base on balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a run or runner to be scored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall back", + "lose", + "drop off", + "fall behind", + "recede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain a required pace or level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep step", + "keep pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain the same pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conquer" + ], + "it": [ + "conquistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome by conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkmate", + "mate" + ], + "it": [ + "dare scacco matto a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place an opponent's king under an attack from which it cannot escape and thus ending the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with dogs or set dogs upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sic", + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge to attack someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie", + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "pareggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish a game with an equal number of points, goals, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equalize", + "equalise", + "get even" + ], + "it": [ + "pareggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensate; make the score equal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrender", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resist", + "stand", + "fend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withstand the force of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abnegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surrender (power or a position)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease opposition; stop fighting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resist", + "hold out", + "withstand", + "stand firm" + ], + "it": [ + "reggere", + "tenere", + "resistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand up or offer resistance to somebody or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be stubborn in resolution or resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to back down; remain solid under criticism or attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist bravely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist and fight to a standoff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complete", + "nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete a pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acknowledge defeat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitulate" + ], + "it": [ + "capitolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surrender under agreed conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralize", + "neutralise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make incapable of military action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield to the control of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make accountable for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "aggress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the initiative and go on the offensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fork" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place under attack with one's own pieces, of two enemy pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack viciously and ferociously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attack", + "assail" + ], + "it": [ + "assalire", + "attaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack by submarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assail", + "assault", + "set on", + "attack" + ], + "it": [ + "aggredire", + "assalire", + "investire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack someone physically or emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack or hit on or from the side where the attacked person's view is obstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhaust by attacking repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack brutally and fiercely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assail again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sudden physical attack on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper", + "pelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack and bombard with or as if with missiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make defenseless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immobilize a piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "bear down" + ], + "it": [ + "caricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duel" + ], + "it": [ + "duellare", + "battersi in duello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight a duel, as over one's honor or a woman" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rival" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the rival of, be in competition with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compete with successfully; approach or reach equality with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrival", + "outvie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be more of a rival than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joust" + ], + "it": [ + "giostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "joust against somebody in a tournament by fighting on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tilt" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire con un telone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge with a tilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken-fight", + "chickenfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight while sitting on somebody's shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tourney" + ], + "it": [ + "torneare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a tourney" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out a feud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover a certain distance or advance beyond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirmish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a skirmish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a ball so that it causes a backspin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike a ball with a smooth blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "row at a particular rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather", + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn the oar, while rowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather", + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn the paddle; in canoeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterattack", + "counterstrike" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a counterattack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the count", + "remain down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be counted out; remain down while the referee counts to ten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas" + ], + "it": [ + "gasare", + "gassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with gas; subject to gas fumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teargas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with teargas; subject to teargas fumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine" + ], + "it": [ + "estrarre", + "mettere mine", + "minare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy enemy mines with one's own mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm", + "surprise" + ], + "it": [ + "assaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack by storm; attack suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blitz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack suddenly and without warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invade", + "occupy" + ], + "it": [ + "invadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beset", + "set upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assail or attack on all sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockade", + "seal off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose a blockade on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blockade", + "block off" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruct access to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barricade", + "barricado" + ], + "it": [ + "barricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block off with barricades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barricade" + ], + "it": [ + "barricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent access to by barricading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besiege", + "beleaguer", + "surround", + "hem in", + "circumvent" + ], + "it": [ + "assediare", + "cingere d'assedio", + "accerchiare", + "circondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround so as to force to give up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hem in fish with stakes and nets so as to prevent them from going back into the sea with the ebb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defend" + ], + "it": [ + "difendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on the defensive; act against an attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulwark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defend with a bulwark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protect" + ], + "it": [ + "cautelare", + "difendere", + "parare", + "proteggere", + "tutelare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immunize", + "immunise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "law: grant immunity from prosecution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overprotect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to protect someone's interests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold within range of an aimed firearm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard", + "ward" + ], + "it": [ + "costudire", + "custodire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch over or shield from danger or harm; protect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ward off" + ], + "it": [ + "evitare", + "scongiurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avert, turn away, or repel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use tariffs to favor domestic industry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defend", + "guard", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "presidiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect against a challenge or attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shield", + "screen" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire", + "proteggere", + "schermire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect, hide, or conceal from danger or harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect through supernatural powers or charms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall", + "palisade", + "fence", + "fence in", + "surround" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround with a wall in order to fortify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stockade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround with a stockade in order to fortify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumvallate" + ], + "it": [ + "circonvallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround with or as if with a rampart or other fortification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repel", + "repulse", + "fight off", + "rebuff", + "drive back" + ], + "it": [ + "respingere", + "ricacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force or drive back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "turn back", + "arrest", + "stop", + "contain", + "hold back" + ], + "it": [ + "arginare", + "arrestare", + "bloccare", + "contenere", + "fermare", + "frenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bombard", + "bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "bersagliare", + "bombardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw bombs at or attack with bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb a large area systematically and extensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make somebody homeless by destroying their houses with bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive-bomb" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb from a diving airplane" + ], + "it": [ + "bombardare in picchiata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glide-bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb by gliding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skip-bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with delayed release bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atom-bomb", + "nuke" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "attaccare con armi atomiche" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb with atomic weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydrogen-bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with a hydrogen bomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pattern-bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bomb in certain patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuke", + "atomize", + "atomise", + "zap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike at with firepower or bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter bomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send an explosive to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "firebomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with incendiary bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire", + "discharge" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare", + "sparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire a weapon with a loud explosive noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire", + "discharge", + "go off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go off or discharge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loose off", + "let fly", + "let drive" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire as from a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire a cannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to fire or detonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast", + "shoot" + ], + "it": [ + "sparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fire a shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze away", + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot rapidly and repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot beyond or over (a target)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trigger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release or pull the trigger on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpshoot", + "snipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aim and shoot with great precision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt or shoot snipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open fire", + "fire" + ], + "it": [ + "sparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start firing a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast", + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use explosives on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with machine guns or cannon fire from a low-flying plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bombard with heavy shells" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannonade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with cannons or artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot with a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine gun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot with a machine gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gun down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike down or shoot down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot down, of birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot", + "hit", + "pip" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire", + "sparare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with a missile from a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kneecap" + ], + "it": [ + "azzoppare", + "gambizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot in the kneecap, often done by terrorist groups as a warning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fusillade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with fusillade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defuse" + ], + "it": [ + "disattivare", + "disinnescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the triggering device from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuse" + ], + "it": [ + "munire di spoletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with a fuse; provide with a fuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torpedo" + ], + "it": [ + "silurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack or hit with torpedoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safeguard" + ], + "it": [ + "salvaguardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make safe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambush", + "scupper", + "bushwhack", + "waylay", + "lurk", + "ambuscade", + "lie in wait" + ], + "it": [ + "appostarsi", + "tendere un'imboscata a qn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wait in hiding to attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamble" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play games for money" + ], + "it": [ + "dedicarsi al gioco d'azzardo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dice" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a dadi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play dice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot craps" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a game of craps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare", + "scommettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bet or wager (money)" + ], + "it": [ + "puntare una somma di denaro sui risultati di un gioco d'azzardo, di una gara sportiva, di una corsa ippica e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bet on", + "back", + "gage", + "stake", + "game", + "punt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place a bet on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ante" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere come cip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place one's stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a card lower than (a held high card)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parlay", + "double up" + ], + "it": [ + "puntare di nuovo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stake winnings from one bet on a subsequent wager" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decline to initiate betting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bird", + "birdwatch" + ], + "it": [ + "fare birdwatching", + "osservare gli uccelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch and study birds in their natural habitat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish for crab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with a seine; catch fish with a seine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "scollop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish for scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harpoon" + ], + "it": [ + "arpionare", + "arponare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spear with a harpoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a base on balls to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch or try to catch fish or shellfish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with a handline over the rails of a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haul fish aboard with brails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly-fish", + "flyfish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with flies as lures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "angle with a hook and line drawn through the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt for whales" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish for shrimp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still-hunt", + "ambush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt (quarry) by stalking and ambushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt for turtles, especially as an occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting: chase from cover into more open ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunting: search for game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt rabbits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt fowl in the forest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt grouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whelk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather whelk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poach" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cacciare di frodo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with nets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt seals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt shark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trawl" + ], + "it": [ + "sciabicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with trawlers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt", + "run", + "hunt down", + "track down" + ], + "it": [ + "cacciare", + "andare a caccia di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt with ferrets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search (an area) for prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt with hounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxhunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt foxes, on horseback and with dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chase an animal up a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacklight", + "jack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt with a jacklight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still-fish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish with the line and bait resting still or stationary in the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt with hawks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falcon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt with falcons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt fowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strive", + "reach", + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "forzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exert much effort or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strain to the utmost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill oneself", + "overexert oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strain oneself more than is healthy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a bowling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in the sport of bowling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skittle" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a birilli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play skittles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "golf" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a golf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play golf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare di scherma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight with fencing swords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parry", + "block", + "deflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impede the movement of (an opponent or a ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bandy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toss or strike a ball back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttlecock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send or toss to and fro, like a shuttlecock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule out", + "rule in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include or exclude by determining judicially or in agreement with rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul" + ], + "it": [ + "commettere un fallo su" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit a foul; break the rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a foul ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a cannon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick on the shins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick on the arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect or defend (a position in a game)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-team" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with two defensive players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be responsible for guarding an opponent in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "root for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take sides for or against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champion", + "defend" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare", + "difendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect or fight for as a champion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deploy" + ], + "it": [ + "schierare", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place troops or weapons in battle formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (a card or piece) into play during a game, or act strategically as if in a card game" + ], + "it": [ + "nei giochi di carte, calare, mettere in gioco una carta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead (a card) and establish the trump suit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a higher card than the one previously played" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tackle" + ], + "it": [ + "placcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize and throw down an opponent player, who usually carries the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weight-lift", + "weightlift", + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift weights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "target", + "aim", + "place", + "direct", + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "orientare", + "dirigere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intend (something) to move towards a certain goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct a question at someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aim", + "take", + "train", + "take aim", + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "puntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw a bead on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aim with a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aim, point, or direct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct at someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "level", + "point" + ], + "it": [ + "puntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct into a position for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit the intended target or goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undershoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot short of or below (a target)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be positionable in a specified manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "aim at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range in", + "home in", + "zero in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct onto a point or target, especially by automatic navigational aids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retaliate", + "strike back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a counterattack and return like for like, especially evil for evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revenge", + "avenge", + "retaliate" + ], + "it": [ + "vendicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take revenge for a perceived wrong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get even", + "get back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take revenge or even out a score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay back", + "pay off", + "get", + "fix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take vengeance on or get even" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire", + "strike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to get out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the field" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on the playing field, of a football team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare a croquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a game in which players hit a wooden ball through a series of hoops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mothproof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect from moths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excel or defeat in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtake", + "catch", + "catch up with" + ], + "it": [ + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch up with and possibly overtake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "station (troops) in a fort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert oneself to meet a challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bet", + "wager", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "scommettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stake on the outcome of an issue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ], + "it": [ + "rilanciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bet more than the previous player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid (one's partner's suit) at a higher level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "match or meet" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare la puntata dell'avversario e chiedere di confrontare il proprio punteggio con il suo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop one's serve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose a game in which one is serving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consume", + "ingest", + "take in", + "take", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "prendere", + "avere", + "bere", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve oneself to, or consume regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consume to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consume", + "eat up", + "use up", + "eat", + "deplete", + "exhaust", + "run through", + "wipe out" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurire", + "finire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use up (resources or materials)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deplete of resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consume", + "squander", + "waste", + "ware" + ], + "it": [ + "sprecare", + "discipare", + "dissipare", + "divorare", + "profondere", + "scialacquare", + "sperperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend extravagantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare" + ], + "it": [ + "risparmiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use frugally or carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use", + "expend" + ], + "it": [ + "consumare", + "esaurire", + "impiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use up, consume fully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use", + "utilize", + "utilise", + "apply", + "employ" + ], + "it": [ + "adoperare", + "impiegare", + "usare", + "utilizzare", + "valersi", + "applicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull out all the stops" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use all resources available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put", + "assign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attribute or give" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or confide something in a person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use diligently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use inefficiently or inappropriately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misapply", + "misuse" + ], + "it": [ + "fare cattivo uso di", + "usare impropriamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply to a wrong thing or person; apply badly or incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overuse", + "overdrive" + ], + "it": [ + "abusare", + "fare uso eccessivo di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make use of too often or too extensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in vain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a name, such as God, without proper respect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work through", + "run through", + "go through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply thoroughly; think through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannibalize", + "cannibalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use parts of something to repair something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannibalize", + "cannibalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat human flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recycle", + "reprocess", + "reuse" + ], + "it": [ + "reimpiegare", + "riadoperare", + "riciclare", + "rimpiegare", + "riusare", + "riutilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use again after processing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present or use over, with no or few changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploit", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "sfruttare", + "strumentalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use or manipulate to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make hay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness" + ], + "it": [ + "sfruttare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploit the power of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mine" + ], + "it": [ + "estrarre", + "scavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get from the earth by excavation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarry" + ], + "it": [ + "estrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract (something such as stones) from or as if from a quarry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip mine", + "surface mine", + "surface-mine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract (ore) from a strip-mine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exploit", + "tap" + ], + "it": [ + "sfruttare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw from; make good use of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexploit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploit excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commercialize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploit for maximal profit, usually by sacrificing quality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "milk" + ], + "it": [ + "mungere", + "sfruttare fino in fondo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exploit as much as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use", + "habituate" + ], + "it": [ + "usare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or consume (regularly or habitually)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "addict", + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause (someone or oneself) to become dependent (on something, especially a narcotic drug)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain", + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use to the utmost; exert vigorously or to full capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstrain", + "overextend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strain excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exert", + "exercise" + ], + "it": [ + "esercitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put to use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax", + "task" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use to the limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat a meal; take a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take out", + "take away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy and consume food from a restaurant or establishment that sells prepared food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat food accompanied by lots of liquid; also use metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat in", + "dine in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat out", + "dine out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat at a restaurant or at somebody else's home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dine" + ], + "it": [ + "invitare a pranzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give dinner to; host for dinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dine" + ], + "it": [ + "cenare", + "desinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have supper; eat dinner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picnic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat alfresco, in the open air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in solid food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gluttonize", + "gluttonise", + "fress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat a lot and without restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wolf", + "wolf down" + ], + "it": [ + "sbafare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slurp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swill", + "swill down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink large quantities of (liquid, especially alcoholic drink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink", + "imbibe" + ], + "it": [ + "abbeverarsi", + "bere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guggle", + "gurgle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink from a flask with a gurgling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sip" + ], + "it": [ + "centellinare", + "sorbire", + "sorsare", + "sorseggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink in sips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink greedily or as if with great thirst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap", + "lap up", + "lick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up with the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink", + "booze", + "fuddle" + ], + "it": [ + "bere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consume alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consume excessive amounts of alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink claret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pub-crawl", + "bar hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go from one pub to the next and get progressively more drunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tipple", + "bib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink moderately but regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drink", + "tope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink excessive amounts of alcohol; be an alcoholic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break bread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a meal, usually with company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partake", + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partake of the Holy Eucharist sacrament" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch in", + "dig in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat heartily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck in", + "tuck away", + "put away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat up; usually refers to a considerable quantity of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosh", + "snack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat a snack; eat lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick at", + "peck at", + "peck" + ], + "it": [ + "beccare", + "piluccare", + "spizzicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat like a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peck", + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat by pecking at, like a bird" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gobble", + "bolt" + ], + "it": [ + "trangugiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat hastily without proper chewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garbage down", + "gobble up", + "shovel in", + "bolt down" + ], + "it": [ + "pappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat a large amount of food quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nibble", + "pick", + "piece" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiucchiare", + "piluccare", + "spilluzzicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat intermittently; take small bites of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruminate" + ], + "it": [ + "ruminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chew the cuds" + ], + "it": [ + "masticare una seconda volta il cibo ritornato in bocca dal rumine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browse", + "graze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat lightly, try different dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chomp", + "champ" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "masticare rumorosamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chew noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "champ" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chafe at the bit, like horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mumble", + "gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind with the gums; chew without teeth and with great difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toast", + "drink", + "pledge", + "salute", + "wassail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose a toast to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain the cup", + "drink up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink to the last drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat in a mess hall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regale", + "treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with choice or abundant food or drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat to wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alcoholize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to the influence of alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide food and lodging (for)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lodge and take meals (at)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live in", + "sleep in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live in the house where one works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live out", + "sleep out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work in a house where one does not live" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wander and feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed greedily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scavenge" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "nutrirsi di carogne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed on carrion or refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fodder" + ], + "it": [ + "foraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give fodder (to domesticated animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop", + "swill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed pigs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regurgitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed through the beak by regurgitating previously swallowed food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed", + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "cibare", + "dare da mangiare a", + "nutrire", + "sfamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give food to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed (cattle) with corn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undernourish", + "malnourish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with insufficient quality or quantity of nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overfeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoonfeed" + ], + "it": [ + "imboccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed with a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force-feed" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed someone who will not or cannot eat" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoporre ad alimentazione forzata" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed", + "eat" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in food; used of animals only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as food for; be the food for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "serve up", + "dish out", + "dish up", + "dish" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (usually but not necessarily food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook and serve on a plank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cater" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "provvedere alla ristorazione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply food ready to eat; for parties and banquets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pander", + "pimp", + "procure" + ], + "it": [ + "ruffianeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange for sexual partners for others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed into; supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help to some food; help with food or drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply the force or power for the functioning of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to function by supplying the force or power for or by controlling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed" + ], + "it": [ + "fornire", + "nutrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide as food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed", + "feast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gratify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gratify", + "pander", + "indulge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield (to); give satisfaction to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage without restraint in an activity and indulge, as when shopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provide", + "supply", + "ply", + "cater" + ], + "it": [ + "fornire", + "provvedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a base, support, lining, or backing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "satisfy", + "fill", + "fulfill", + "fulfil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or meet a want or need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be satisfactory for; meet the requirements of or serve the purpose of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a horse or horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with fresh horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide abundantly with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with something desired or needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sustain", + "keep", + "maintain" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with necessities and support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support by being a patron of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain by seeding without human intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunch" + ], + "it": [ + "prandere", + "pranzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the midday meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a midday meal for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat a meal in the late morning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat an early morning meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breakfast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide breakfast for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feast", + "banquet", + "junket" + ], + "it": [ + "bagordare", + "banchettare", + "bisbocciare", + "convitare", + "convivare", + "crapulare", + "gozzovigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partake in a feast or banquet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feast", + "banquet", + "junket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a feast or banquet for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breastfeed", + "suckle", + "suck", + "nurse", + "wet-nurse", + "lactate", + "give suck" + ], + "it": [ + "allattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give suck to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take care of an infant without breastfeeding it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wean", + "ablactate" + ], + "it": [ + "divezzare", + "svezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gradually deprive (infants and young mammals) of mother's milk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottlefeed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed (infants) with a bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suckle" + ], + "it": [ + "allattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suck milk from the mother's breasts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starve", + "famish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "die of food deprivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starve", + "famish" + ], + "it": [ + "soffrire la fame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of a necessity and cause suffering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starve", + "hunger", + "famish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be hungry; go without food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be full" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sated, have enough to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crave", + "hunger", + "thirst", + "starve", + "lust" + ], + "it": [ + "agognare", + "bramare", + "desiderare disperatamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a craving, appetite, or great desire for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "want", + "need", + "require" + ], + "it": [ + "necessitare", + "richiedere", + "avere bisogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have need of" + ], + "it": [ + "trovarsi nella necessità di qualcosa in particolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand immediate action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "need" + ], + "it": [ + "dovere", + "avere bisogno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or feel a need for" + ], + "it": [ + "essere tenuti a fare qualcosa per necessità logica" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat sparingly, for health reasons or to lose weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast" + ], + "it": [ + "digiunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstain from eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fast" + ], + "it": [ + "digiunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstain from certain foods, as for religious or medical reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep off", + "avoid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from certain foods or beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diet" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire una dieta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow a regimen or a diet, as for health reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "souse", + "soak", + "inebriate", + "hit it up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become drunk or drink excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intoxicate", + "soak", + "inebriate" + ], + "it": [ + "inebbriare", + "inebriare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make drunk (with alcoholic drinks)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "befuddle", + "fuddle" + ], + "it": [ + "stordire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make stupid with alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink wine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delight", + "enjoy", + "revel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take delight in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have a ball", + "have a good time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoy oneself greatly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delight greatly in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live it up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoy oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulge", + "luxuriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoy to excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfeit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulge (one's appetite) to satiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devote oneself entirely to something; indulge in to an immoderate degree, usually with pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow one's oats", + "sow one's wild oats" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live promiscuously and self-indulgently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunk", + "dip" + ], + "it": [ + "intingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dip into a liquid while eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoy" + ], + "it": [ + "godere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have benefit from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afford" + ], + "it": [ + "permettere", + "permettersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to spare or give up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run low", + "run short", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "andarsene", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be spent or finished" + ], + "it": [ + "venire esaurito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "andarsene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be spent" + ], + "it": [ + "essere speso per l'acquisto di qualcosa in particolare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gorge", + "ingurgitate", + "overindulge", + "glut", + "englut", + "stuff", + "engorge", + "overgorge", + "overeat", + "gormandize", + "gormandise", + "gourmandize", + "binge", + "pig out", + "satiate", + "scarf out" + ], + "it": [ + "abbuffarsi", + "rimpinzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overeat or eat immodestly; make a pig of oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avail", + "help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satiate", + "sate", + "replete", + "fill" + ], + "it": [ + "saziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloy", + "pall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause surfeit through excess though initially pleasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quell", + "stay", + "appease" + ], + "it": [ + "acquietare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome or allay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfy in a limited way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "host" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the host of or for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine and dine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with food and drink, usually lavishly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wine and dine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat sumptuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fatten", + "fat", + "flesh out", + "fill out", + "plump", + "plump out", + "fatten out", + "fatten up" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrassare", + "rimpolpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fat or plump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed intravenously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sample", + "try", + "try out", + "taste" + ], + "it": [ + "assaggiare", + "degustare", + "delibare", + "gustare", + "libare", + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a sample of" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiare o bere a piccole dosi qualcosa per constatarne il gusto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taste with relish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fritter", + "frivol away", + "dissipate", + "shoot", + "fritter away", + "fool", + "fool away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend frivolously and unwisely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstain", + "refrain", + "desist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose not to consume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teetotal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice teetotalism and abstain from the consumption of alcoholic beverages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop consuming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devour", + "guttle", + "raven", + "pig" + ], + "it": [ + "divorare", + "ingoiare", + "ingurgitare", + "trangugiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat greedily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat up", + "finish", + "polish off" + ], + "it": [ + "spolverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish eating all the food on one's plate or on the table" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devour", + "down", + "consume", + "go through" + ], + "it": [ + "divorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat immoderately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press (the lips) together and open (the lips) noisily, as in eating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "digest" + ], + "it": [ + "digerire", + "smaltire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert food into absorbable substances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "digerire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metabolize", + "metabolise" + ], + "it": [ + "metabolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce by metabolism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predigest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "digest (food) beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in", + "sop up", + "suck in", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up as if with a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke" + ], + "it": [ + "fumare", + "fummare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale and exhale smoke from cigarettes, cigars, pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain-smoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoke one cigarette after another; light one cigarette from the preceding one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoke and exhale strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhale" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare", + "inalare", + "inspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw deep into the lungs in by breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff", + "drag", + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suck in or take (air)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by injection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mainline" + ], + "it": [ + "bucarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inject into the vein" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take drugs, especially orally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inject (drugs) into the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a hit", + "snort" + ], + "it": [ + "sniffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light up", + "fire up", + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "accendersi una sigaretta", + "accendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free-base", + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huff", + "snort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale recreational drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drug", + "do drugs" + ], + "it": [ + "drogarsi", + "farsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use recreational drugs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (a drug, especially LSD), by mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dope" + ], + "it": [ + "drogarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take drugs to improve one's athletic performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip", + "trip out", + "turn on", + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get high, stoned, or drugged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chew", + "masticate", + "manducate", + "jaw" + ], + "it": [ + "masticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chew without swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crunch", + "munch" + ], + "it": [ + "rosicchiare", + "sgranocchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chew noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swallow", + "get down" + ], + "it": [ + "deglutire", + "ingerire", + "inghiottire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gulp", + "quaff", + "swig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to swallow hurriedly or greedily or in one draught" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toss off", + "pop", + "bolt down", + "belt down", + "pour down", + "down", + "drink down", + "kill" + ], + "it": [ + "cioncare", + "tracannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink down entirely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swallow hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nourish", + "nurture", + "sustain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with nourishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to feed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed on", + "feed upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sustained by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find (something or someone) for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raven", + "prey", + "predate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prey on or hunt for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prey", + "feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profit from in an exploitatory manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill up", + "fill" + ], + "it": [ + "riempire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eat until one is sated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quench", + "slake", + "allay", + "assuage" + ], + "it": [ + "appagare", + "saziare", + "smorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfy (thirst)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutrify", + "aliment", + "nourish" + ], + "it": [ + "alimentare", + "nutrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give nourishment to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed with grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with gutters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luxuriate", + "wanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become extravagant; indulge (oneself) luxuriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn off", + "burn", + "burn up" + ], + "it": [ + "bruciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use up (energy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drink alcohol without showing ill effects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ingested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take solid or liquid food into the mouth a little at a time either by drinking or by eating with a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "adjoin", + "meet", + "contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in direct physical contact with; make contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ], + "it": [ + "toccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make physical contact with, come in contact with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be in brief contact with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch with the toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap", + "pin", + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to hold fast or prevent from moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "disturb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tamper with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intrude on uninvited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "spread over" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire", + "ricoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a cover over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with frost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a rough or speckled surface or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaciate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with ice or snow or a glacier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover; be dispersed over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass", + "grass over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "hit" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce by manipulating keys or strings of musical instruments, also metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel", + "finger" + ], + "it": [ + "palpare", + "tastare", + "toccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine by touch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger", + "thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel or handle with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass one's hands over the sexual organs of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpate", + "feel" + ], + "it": [ + "palpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine (a body part) by palpation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extinguish by crushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handle", + "palm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch, lift, or hold with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fondle for sexual pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paw" + ], + "it": [ + "raspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrape with the paws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulate" + ], + "it": [ + "manipolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold something in one's hands and move it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay hands on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage with the hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate the mouse of a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide", + "run", + "draw", + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass over, across, or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seize", + "prehend", + "clutch" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrancare", + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take hold of; grab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make grasping motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nab" + ], + "it": [ + "afferrare", + "pizzicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize together, as of parallel ropes of a tackle in order to prevent running through the block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clutch as if in panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or capture by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raven" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain or seize by violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by seizing forcibly or violently, also metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "get hold of" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get into one's hands, take physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring out", + "get out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out of a container or enclosed space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in", + "gather in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in a sail with a brail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calve", + "break up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release ice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar", + "nail", + "apprehend", + "arrest", + "pick up", + "nab", + "cop" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "catturare", + "prelevare", + "trarre in arresto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take into custody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "catch", + "capture" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiappare", + "acciuffare", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize by the neck or collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grasp", + "hold on" + ], + "it": [ + "afferrare", + "impugnare", + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latch on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take hold of or attach to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling", + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold on tightly or tenaciously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold firmly and tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "take hold" + ], + "it": [ + "reggere", + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or hold in one's hands or grip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "support", + "sustain", + "hold up" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere", + "reggere", + "sorreggere", + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the physical support of; carry the weight of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scaffold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a scaffold for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleat", + "plicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold into pleats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support, secure, or raise with a block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ], + "it": [ + "reggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear or be able to bear the weight, pressure,or responsibility of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support on chocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoy", + "buoy up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep afloat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support on poles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bracket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support with brackets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support from beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prop up", + "prop", + "shore up", + "shore" + ], + "it": [ + "armare", + "impalare", + "puntellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support by placing against something solid or rigid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prop up with a pillow or bolster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support structurally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jack", + "jack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift with a special device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support by bracing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brace (an archer's bow) by pressing the foot against the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "steady", + "stabilize", + "stabilise" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling to", + "hold close", + "hold tight", + "clutch" + ], + "it": [ + "afferrare", + "avvinghiare", + "stringere", + "aggrapparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold firmly, usually with one's hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close the slats of (windows)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stopper", + "stopple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close or secure with or as if with a stopper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling", + "cleave", + "adhere", + "stick", + "cohere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit tightly, follow the contours of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conglutinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clump together; as of bacteria, red blood cells, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haemagglutinate", + "hemagglutinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause the clumping together (of red blood cells)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglutinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "string together (morphemes in an agglutinating language)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold gently and carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grasp firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from a clasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quirk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist or curve abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "flip over", + "turn over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn upside down, or throw so as to reverse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist", + "twine", + "distort" + ], + "it": [ + "attorcigliare", + "attorcigliarsi", + "contorcere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a spiral shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untwist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become untwisted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curl", + "wave" + ], + "it": [ + "arricciare", + "increspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist or roll into coils or ringlets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimp", + "crape", + "frizzle", + "frizz", + "kink up", + "kink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curl tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grip" + ], + "it": [ + "attanagliare", + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold fast or firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twiddle", + "fiddle with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate, as in a nervous or unconscious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wield", + "handle", + "manage" + ], + "it": [ + "maneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle effectively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wield vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operate", + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "comandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle and cause to function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter the functioning or setting of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control a submarine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate (machinery) by a treadle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control or operate by relay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate like a pump; move up and down, like a handle or a pedal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a spurt of fuel to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroke" + ], + "it": [ + "accarezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch lightly and repeatedly, as with brushing motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caress", + "fondle" + ], + "it": [ + "accarezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch or stroke lightly in a loving or endearing manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stroke or caress in an erotic manner, as during lovemaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canoodle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fondle or pet affectionately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probe", + "dig into", + "poke into" + ], + "it": [ + "sondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine physically with or as if with a probe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate injuriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpenetrate", + "permeate" + ], + "it": [ + "compenetrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate mutually or be interlocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate or assault, in a harmful or injurious way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrate", + "perforate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce or penetrate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become punctured or penetrated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "briefly enter enemy territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak in", + "creep in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter surreptitiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "permeate", + "pervade", + "penetrate", + "interpenetrate", + "diffuse", + "imbue", + "riddle" + ], + "it": [ + "compenetrare", + "permeare", + "pervadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread or diffuse through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiritize", + "spiritise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imbue with a spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate thoroughly and into every part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jab", + "prod", + "stab", + "poke", + "dig" + ], + "it": [ + "configgere", + "ficcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poke or thrust abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hole by poking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stab", + "jab" + ], + "it": [ + "trafiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stab or pierce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike or punch with quick and short blows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prod", + "incite", + "egg on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge on; cause to act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prod into action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halloo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge on with shouts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nudge", + "poke at", + "prod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to push against gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a slight push to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knife", + "stab" + ], + "it": [ + "accoltellare", + "pugnalare", + "trafiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a knife on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poniard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stab with a poniard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bayonet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stab or kill someone with a bayonet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maul", + "mangle" + ], + "it": [ + "maciullare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure badly by beating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "split (wood) with a maul and wedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "split (wood) into thin sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw stones at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "massage", + "rub down", + "knead" + ], + "it": [ + "frizionare", + "massaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manually manipulate (someone's body), usually for medicinal or relaxation purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dab", + "pat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dab", + "swab", + "swob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply (usually a liquid) to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daub", + "smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover (a surface) by smearing (a substance) over it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smear with blood, as in a hunting initiation rite, where the face of a person is smeared with the blood of the kill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with thatch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a building with a roof; cover a building with a roof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with shingles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with mulch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turf" + ], + "it": [ + "piotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover (the ground) with a surface layer of grass or grass roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bury" + ], + "it": [ + "sotterrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in the earth and cover with soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with ashes so to control the rate of burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a carpet" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire con tappeto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover completely, as if with a carpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with wooden boards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knead", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "impastare", + "lavorare", + "maneggiare", + "manipolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make uniform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knead to reach proper lightness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind and knead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt", + "bunt" + ], + "it": [ + "cozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to strike, thrust or shove against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headbutt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "butt with the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "strike", + "impinge on", + "run into", + "collide with" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "colpire", + "imbroccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit against; come into sudden contact with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with a pinging noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spang", + "bang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leap, jerk, bang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear-end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collide with the rear end of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collide with the broad side of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike together so as to produce a sharp percussive noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with the flat of the hand; usually in a friendly way, as in encouragement or greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land on or hit solidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss" + ], + "it": [ + "fallire", + "mancare", + "mancare il bersaglio", + "sbagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a sound like that of falling rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a dull sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike the ground, as with a ship's bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock", + "strike hard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a sharp blow or push" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push with the shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry a burden, either real or metaphoric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry or hold with both hands diagonally across the body, especially of weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere in spalla", + "mettersi in spalla" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift onto one's shoulders" + ], + "it": [ + "caricare sulle proprie spalle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shove one's elbow into another person's ribs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bump", + "knock" + ], + "it": [ + "sbattere", + "urtare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knock against with force or violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down", + "knock down", + "cut down", + "push down", + "pull down" + ], + "it": [ + "atterrare", + "buttar giù" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come or go down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring down with a blow to the legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run into", + "bump into", + "jar against", + "butt against", + "knock against" + ], + "it": [ + "urtare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collide violently with an obstacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graze", + "crease", + "rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrape gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch lightly and briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goad", + "prick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stab or urge on as if with a pointed stick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge with or as if with a goad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "goad with spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a spur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a flick or light motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with a rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel or give impetus to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick" + ], + "it": [ + "dare un colpetto a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch or hit with a light, quick blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "click", + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to make a snapping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam", + "bang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lam into", + "tear into", + "lace into", + "pitch into", + "lay into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit violently, as in an attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam", + "flap down" + ], + "it": [ + "sbattere", + "scagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam", + "bang" + ], + "it": [ + "sbatacchiare", + "sbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with shutters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or pull so as to cover or uncover something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull back", + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch back a bowstring (on an archer's bow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peck", + "pick", + "beak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit lightly with a picking motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck", + "pat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pat or squeeze fondly or playfully, especially under the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub with a brush, or as if with a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swab", + "swob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash with a swab or a mop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust" + ], + "it": [ + "spolverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the dust from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredge" + ], + "it": [ + "dragare", + "drenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove with a power shovel, usually from a bottom of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredge", + "drag" + ], + "it": [ + "dragare", + "drenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search (as the bottom of a body of water) for something valuable or lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacuum", + "vacuum-clean", + "hoover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with a vacuum cleaner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitize", + "sanitise", + "hygienize", + "hygienise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sanitary by cleaning or sterilizing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bream" + ], + "it": [ + "bruscare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean (a ship's bottom) with heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam", + "steam clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean by means of steaming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Simonize", + "Simonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polish with wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polish", + "smooth", + "smoothen", + "shine" + ], + "it": [ + "lucidare", + "lustrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (a surface) shine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slick", + "sleek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make slick or smooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buff", + "burnish", + "furbish" + ], + "it": [ + "forbire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "polish and make shiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dull in appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dull", + "blunt" + ], + "it": [ + "smussare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dull or blunt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen" + ], + "it": [ + "acuminare", + "affilare", + "aguzzare", + "appizzare", + "appuntare", + "appuntire", + "arrotare", + "assottigliare", + "lappare", + "molare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sharp or sharper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with an edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharpen on a strop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whet" + ], + "it": [ + "affilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharpen by rubbing, as on a whetstone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sharpen with a hone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a fine, sharp edge to a knife or razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock" + ], + "it": [ + "armare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set the trigger of a firearm back for firing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim over", + "skim" + ], + "it": [ + "rasentare", + "sfiorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or pass swiftly and lightly over the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeak by", + "squeak through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap", + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike or tap firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place after another constituent in the sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place before another constituent in the sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch the surface of lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave", + "trim" + ], + "it": [ + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut closely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scissor" + ], + "it": [ + "sforbiciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with or as if with scissors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make shavings of or reduce to shavings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fillet", + "filet" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into filets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane", + "shave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or remove with or as if with a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub" + ], + "it": [ + "frizionare", + "sfregare", + "strofinare", + "strusciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move over something with pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pumice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub with pumice, in order to clean or to smoothen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gauge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub to a uniform size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puree", + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "passare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub through a strainer or process in an electric blender" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rosin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub rosin onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge down", + "sponge off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with a sponge, by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub", + "fray", + "fret", + "chafe", + "scratch" + ], + "it": [ + "fregare", + "sfregare", + "grattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch or rub constantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrub", + "scour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with hard rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "holystone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrub with a holystone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scour", + "abrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub hard or scrub" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedaub", + "besmear" + ], + "it": [ + "impiastricciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread or daub (a surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smear", + "blur", + "smudge", + "smutch" + ], + "it": [ + "macchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a smudge on; soil by smudging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resmudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smudge again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub the dust over a surface so as to blur the outlines of a shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smirch", + "besmirch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smear so as to make dirty or stained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or stain with slime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muddy", + "muddy up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dirty with mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth", + "smoothen" + ], + "it": [ + "levigare", + "lisciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make smooth or smoother, as if by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smoothen the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coarsen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or become coarse or coarser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughen" + ], + "it": [ + "irruvidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make rough or rougher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafe", + "excoriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tear or wear off the skin or make sore by abrading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrade", + "corrade", + "abrase", + "rub down", + "rub off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear away", + "wear off" + ], + "it": [ + "logorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diminish, as by friction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice", + "slice up" + ], + "it": [ + "affettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into slices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amputate", + "cut off" + ], + "it": [ + "amputare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove surgically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate from surrounding living tissue, as in an abortion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resect", + "eviscerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surgically remove a part of a structure or an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or separate by abscission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shed flowers and leaves and fruit following formation of a scar tissue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink" + ], + "it": [ + "dentare", + "dentellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut in a zigzag pattern with pinking shears, in sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut teeth into; make a jagged cutting edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make saw-toothed or jag the edge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carve", + "cut up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut to pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carve" + ], + "it": [ + "incidere", + "intagliare", + "scolpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by carving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swage", + "upset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form metals with a swage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (a ship's mast) in its step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carve", + "chip at" + ], + "it": [ + "affettare", + "tagliare", + "tranciare", + "trinciare", + "tagliare la carne", + "incidere", + "intagliare", + "lavorare", + "scolpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engrave or cut by chipping away at a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cube", + "dice" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliare a dadini" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into cubes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "julienne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into long thin strips" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop", + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a hacking tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut obliquely into (a tree) below the main cut and on the side toward which the tree will fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "axe", + "ax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chop or split with an ax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop", + "chop up" + ], + "it": [ + "spaccare", + "tritare", + "triturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fell", + "drop", + "strike down", + "cut down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poleax", + "poleaxe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fell with or as if with a poleax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log", + "lumber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut lumber, as in woods and forests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nick", + "chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a nick into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nick", + "snick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut slightly, with a razor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chisel" + ], + "it": [ + "bulinare", + "scalpellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve with a chisel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "knap", + "cut off", + "break off" + ], + "it": [ + "sbeccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break a small piece off from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip", + "chip off", + "come off", + "break away", + "break off" + ], + "it": [ + "staccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break off (a piece from a whole)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peel off", + "peel", + "flake off", + "flake" + ], + "it": [ + "scrostarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come off in flakes or thin small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come off in a very thin piece" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by chipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with an axe; cut down, strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hew jaggedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hew", + "hew out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or shape as with an axe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-hew", + "roughcast" + ], + "it": [ + "dirozzare", + "sbozzare", + "sgrossare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hew roughly, without finishing the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim", + "skim off", + "cream off", + "cream" + ], + "it": [ + "spannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat (a liquid) with a layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stucco" + ], + "it": [ + "stuccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with stucco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with beaten egg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encrust", + "incrust" + ], + "it": [ + "incrostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or coat with a crust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dredge" + ], + "it": [ + "cospargere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover before cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with flour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "layer" + ], + "it": [ + "scalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or form a layer" + ], + "it": [ + "disporre qualcosa secondo un ordine gradualmente crescente o decrescente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat", + "cake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a coat over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with soot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pare", + "trim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the edges from and cut down to the desired size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut down rough-hewn (lumber) to standard thickness and width" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin", + "peel", + "pare" + ], + "it": [ + "mondare", + "pelare", + "sbucciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip the skin off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peel off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "peel off the outer layer of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the surface, in scales or laminae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ], + "it": [ + "spelare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the surface from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip the cured leaves from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark", + "skin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the bark of a tree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with bark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the outer layer of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "descale" + ], + "it": [ + "squamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the scales from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coat", + "surface" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a coat on; cover the surface of; furnish with a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a new surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply with a brush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patinate", + "patinize", + "patinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a patina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a new surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with bread crumbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper" + ], + "it": [ + "ramare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a layer of copper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a finish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a finish on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish with a broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bonderize", + "bonderise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a substance that will prevent corrosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacktop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with blacktop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat or back with metal foil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galvanize", + "galvanise" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pave" + ], + "it": [ + "lastricare", + "pavimentare", + "selciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a material such as stone or concrete to make suitable for vehicle traffic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobble", + "cobblestone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pave with cobblestones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hard surface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with asphalt or a similar surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causeway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pave a road with cobblestones or pebbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "asphalt" + ], + "it": [ + "asfaltare", + "catramare", + "incatramare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with tar or asphalt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butter" + ], + "it": [ + "imburrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread butter on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallpaper", + "paper" + ], + "it": [ + "tappezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with wallpaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvas" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with canvas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with oil, as if by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wax" + ], + "it": [ + "dare la cera a", + "incerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beeswax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with beeswax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i27999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "varnish", + "seal" + ], + "it": [ + "verniciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with varnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veneer" + ], + "it": [ + "impiallacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with veneer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grease" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lubricate with grease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash" + ], + "it": [ + "imbiancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with whitewash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a thin coating of paint, metal, etc., to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calcimine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with calcimine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "rinse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with some chemical process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elute" + ], + "it": [ + "eluire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash out with a solvent, as in chromatography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shellac", + "shellack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with shellac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ], + "it": [ + "foderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover the interior of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reline" + ], + "it": [ + "rifoderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a new lining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover the front or surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "face with a layer of stone or concrete or other supporting material so as to retain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct a revetment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a new facing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line the edge (of a garment) with a different material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a new facing on (a garment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line with beams or planks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "babbitt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line with a Babbitt metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tar" + ], + "it": [ + "catramare", + "incatramare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with tar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tar-and-feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smear the body of (someone) with tar and feathers; done in some societies as punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or fit with feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join tongue and groove, in carpentry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to mark, or produce an imprint in or on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stripe" + ], + "it": [ + "barrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with stripes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce specks in or on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bespot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with, or as if with, spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubberstamp", + "handstamp" + ], + "it": [ + "timbrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stamp with a rubber stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancare", + "bollare", + "stampigliare", + "timbrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affix a stamp to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stamp with a meter indicating the postage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postmark", + "frank" + ], + "it": [ + "timbrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stamp with a postmark to indicate date and time of mailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideswipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike from the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumcise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the foreskin off male babies or teenage boys" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumcise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the skin over the clitoris" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flay" + ], + "it": [ + "scorticare", + "spellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip the skin off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "puncture and scar (the skin), as for purposes or tribal identification or rituals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ], + "it": [ + "bucare", + "forare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a pointed object; make a hole into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puncture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with many holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less dense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scratch the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score", + "nock", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "scalfire", + "segnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make small marks into the surface of" + ], + "it": [ + "imprimere un segno su una superficie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a small cut or score into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "score a line on with a pointed instrument, as in metalworking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw, cut, or engrave lines, usually parallel, on metal, wood, or paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisscross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with or consist of a pattern of crossed lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notch" + ], + "it": [ + "dentellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or make a notch into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indent" + ], + "it": [ + "frastagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notch the edge of or make jagged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a recess in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furrow", + "rut", + "groove" + ], + "it": [ + "scanalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow out in the form of a furrow or groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furrow", + "chamfer", + "chase" + ], + "it": [ + "scanalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a furrow into a columns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furrow", + "wrinkle", + "crease" + ], + "it": [ + "corrugare", + "corrugarsi", + "raggrinzare", + "raggrinzire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wrinkled or creased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fold", + "fold up", + "turn up" + ], + "it": [ + "piegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend or lay so that one part covers the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrinkle", + "ruckle", + "crease", + "crinkle", + "scrunch", + "scrunch up", + "crisp" + ], + "it": [ + "ciancicare", + "raggrinzare", + "raggrinzire", + "sgualcire", + "spiegacciare", + "spiegazzare", + "stropicciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wrinkles or creases on a smooth surface; make a pressed, folded or wrinkled line in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pucker", + "rumple", + "cockle", + "crumple", + "knit" + ], + "it": [ + "sgualcire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to gather something into small wrinkles or folds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pucker", + "ruck", + "ruck up" + ], + "it": [ + "raggrinzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become wrinkled or drawn together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckle", + "crumple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold or collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purse", + "wrinkle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather or contract into wrinkles or folds; pucker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make smaller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indent", + "dent" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a depression into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or tear along an irregular line so that the parts can later be matched for authentication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flex", + "bend", + "deform", + "twist", + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "arcuare", + "deformare", + "incurvare", + "torcere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flex", + "bend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurvate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to curve inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnarl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist into a state of deformity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend into the shape of a crank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from flexure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convolve", + "convolute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curl, wind, or twist together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouge out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make gouges into a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a rectangular groove into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gouge", + "force out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force with the thumb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout", + "gouge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a groove in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "scollop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form scallops in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make holes in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suck in", + "draw in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw in as if by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow out with a scoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout", + "root", + "rootle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig with the snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hollow", + "hollow out", + "core out" + ], + "it": [ + "incavare", + "scavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the interior of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cavern", + "cavern out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow out as if making a cavern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cave", + "undermine" + ], + "it": [ + "scavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hollow out as if making a cave or opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrap", + "wrap up" + ], + "it": [ + "avvolgere", + "confezionare", + "impacchettare", + "incartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or fold as a cover or protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do up" + ], + "it": [ + "incartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap for decorative purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a wrapped container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap up in a cerecloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrinkwrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap something tightly with heated plastic that shrinks upon cooling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gift-wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap (a gift) attractively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwrap", + "undo" + ], + "it": [ + "scartare", + "scartocciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the outer cover or wrapping of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untie", + "unbrace", + "unlace" + ], + "it": [ + "disfare", + "sciogliere", + "slacciare", + "slegare", + "snodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the ties of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "muzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie a gag around someone's mouth in order to silence them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untie", + "undo", + "loosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become loose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unloose", + "unloosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosen the ties of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retie" + ], + "it": [ + "rannodare", + "riannodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie", + "bind" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or secure with a rope, string, or cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie up", + "bind off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish the last row" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig" + ], + "it": [ + "fissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect or secure to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or join with a loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie up with chains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitt" + ], + "it": [ + "abbittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with a bitt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or tie with a cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "latch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a latch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie down", + "tie up", + "bind", + "truss" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with or as if with ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faggot", + "fagot", + "faggot up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or tie up in or as if in a faggot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faggot", + "fagot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten together rods of iron in order to heat or weld them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lash together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind together with a cord or rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with or as if with a garter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truss" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie the wings and legs of a bird before cooking it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog-tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie together somebody's limbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetter", + "shackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain with fetters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manacle", + "cuff", + "handcuff" + ], + "it": [ + "ammanettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine or restrain with or as if with manacles or handcuffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain or bind with chains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unchain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or secure with chains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unchain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the chains from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cable" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a cable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a picket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope", + "leash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to one another, for safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie with a strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hopple", + "hobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strap the foreleg and hind leg together on each side (of a horse) in order to keep the legs on the same side moving in unison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unstrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the strap or straps from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tether" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie with a tether" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be attached; be in contact with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become attached to and embedded in the uterus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come off due to an explosion or other strong force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "join", + "conjoin" + ], + "it": [ + "collegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make contact or come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-link" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join by creating covalent bonds (of adjacent chains of a polymer or protein)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit together in a miter joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join together as by twisting, weaving, or molding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close up", + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite or bring into contact or bring together the edges of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastomose", + "inosculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to join or open into each other by anastomosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anastomose", + "inosculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together or open into each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect to a ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect to the earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match", + "mate", + "couple", + "pair", + "twin" + ], + "it": [ + "appaiare", + "accoppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring two objects, ideas, or people together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or join in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with an unsuitable mate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortice", + "mortise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join by a tenon and mortise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortise", + "mortice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a hole for a tenon in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join pieces of wood with cogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "match badly; match two objects or people that do not go together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjoin", + "disjoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become separated, disconnected or disjoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjoin", + "disjoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make disjoint, separated, or disconnected; undo the joining of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disjoint", + "disarticulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate at the joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join so that the external surfaces blend smoothly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite by a scarf joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join during spinning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join with a rebate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "join", + "bring together" + ], + "it": [ + "accomunare", + "collegarsi", + "riunire", + "saldare", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become joined or linked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rabbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join with a rabbet joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put together with a seam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suture" + ], + "it": [ + "suturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join with a suture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare un ponte su" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a bridge across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attach" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach with a hinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a bell to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "couple", + "couple on", + "couple up" + ], + "it": [ + "agganciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "link together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncouple", + "decouple" + ], + "it": [ + "sganciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disconnect or separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a prefix to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a suffix to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach or become attached to a stem word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a morpheme into a stem word" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detach" + ], + "it": [ + "distaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become detached or separated; take off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break off", + "snap off" + ], + "it": [ + "staccare", + "stroncare", + "tagliare", + "troncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break a piece from a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "French" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut (e.g, beans) lengthwise in preparation for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut off", + "chop off", + "lop off" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzare", + "recidere", + "resecare", + "risecare", + "smozzare", + "tagliare", + "troncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by or as if by cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the mane off (a horse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comb (hair) into a roach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsolder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the soldering from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detach", + "come off", + "come away" + ], + "it": [ + "staccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to be detached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot" + ], + "it": [ + "annodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie or fasten into a knot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swaddle", + "swathe" + ], + "it": [ + "rifasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap in swaddling clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shroud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap in a shroud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinion", + "shackle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind the arms of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a bridle on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snaffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit or restrain with a snaffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep to the curb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrain", + "encumber", + "cumber", + "constrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impede the motion of, as with a chain or a burden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrain", + "confine", + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold and prevent from leaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impound", + "pound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or shut up in a pound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "pound up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shut up or confine in any enclosure or within any bounds or limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cabin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine to a small space, such as a cabin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "closet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine to a small space, as for intensive work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gird", + "encircle" + ], + "it": [ + "circondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind with something round or circular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinch", + "girth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie a cinch around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoop" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchiare", + "ferrare", + "rinsaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or fasten with a hoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fast; tie or secure, with or as if with a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind", + "bandage" + ], + "it": [ + "bendare", + "fasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap around with something so as to cover or enclose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind with a rope, chain, or cord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make secure by lashing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "untie the lashing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cementare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fast as if with cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "untie or unfasten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or tie together, as with a band" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with a cramp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure on a cleat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor", + "cast anchor", + "drop anchor" + ], + "it": [ + "ancorare", + "ormeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure a vessel with an anchor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anchor", + "ground" + ], + "it": [ + "agganciare", + "ancorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix firmly and stably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with cables or ropes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moor at a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moor", + "berth", + "wharf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into or dock at a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moor", + "berth", + "tie up" + ], + "it": [ + "approdare", + "attraccare", + "ormeggiare", + "ormeggiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure in or as if in a berth or dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maneuver into a dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-dock", + "drydock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maneuver (a ship) into a drydock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (a ship) out of a dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with spikes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with battens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batten", + "batten down", + "secure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with battens" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapperclaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "claw with the nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ], + "it": [ + "raspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scratch, scrape, pull, or dig with claws or nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake" + ], + "it": [ + "rastrellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather with a rake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "level or smooth with a rake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush", + "level", + "even out", + "even" + ], + "it": [ + "livellare", + "pareggiare", + "spianare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make level or straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make even or smooth, with or as with a carpenter's plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grade" + ], + "it": [ + "livellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "level to the right gradient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggrade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build up to a level by depositing sediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degrade" + ], + "it": [ + "degradare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the level of land, as by erosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strickle", + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth with a strickle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape", + "grate" + ], + "it": [ + "strisciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scratch repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replace", + "put back" + ], + "it": [ + "rimettere", + "riporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put something back where it belongs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratify" + ], + "it": [ + "stratificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form, arrange, or deposit in layers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang up" + ], + "it": [ + "riagganciare", + "riappendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a telephone receiver back in its cradle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch", + "scrape", + "scratch up" + ], + "it": [ + "graffiare", + "grattare", + "raschiare", + "scalfire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the surface of; wear away the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin", + "scrape" + ], + "it": [ + "urtare", + "scorticarsi", + "spellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bruise, cut, or injure the skin or the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig", + "delve", + "cut into", + "turn over" + ], + "it": [ + "scavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn up, loosen, or remove earth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear or cut gutters into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig (up) with a spade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spade into alternate ridges and troughs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excavate the earth beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavate", + "dig", + "hollow" + ], + "it": [ + "scavare", + "sterrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the inner part or the core of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excavate horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig", + "dig out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by hollowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (root crops) out of the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig a trench or trenches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench", + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a trench in, as for drainage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hole with a wooden hand tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig out from underneath earth or snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scoop", + "scoop out", + "lift out", + "scoop up", + "take up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out or up with or as if with a scoop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scoop up by plunging one's hand or a ladle below the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shovel" + ], + "it": [ + "spalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig with or as if with a shovel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trowel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a trowel on; for light garden work or plaster work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wet with a spurt of liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover (a location) wholly or partially by squirting a liquid onto it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spritz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eject (a liquid) quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavate", + "dig up", + "turn up" + ], + "it": [ + "diseppellire", + "disseppellire", + "dissotterrare", + "scavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find by digging in the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grub up", + "grub out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig out with the snout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grope for", + "scrabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel searchingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search for on the computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grope", + "fumble" + ], + "it": [ + "brancolare", + "cercare a tastoni", + "cercare a tentoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel about uncertainly or blindly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search by divining, as if with a rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dowse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a divining rod in search of underground water or metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "browse", + "surf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look around casually and randomly, without seeking anything in particular" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search", + "seek", + "look for" + ], + "it": [ + "cercare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave no stone unturned" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search thoroughly and exhaustively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek, search for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look for (food) in nature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look for and collect shells by the seashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with felt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "cercare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt or look for; want for a particular reason" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scour" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "perlustrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine minutely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look for a specific person or thing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quest for", + "go after", + "quest after", + "pursue" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in cerca di", + "cercare", + "rincorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go in search of or hunt for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search" + ], + "it": [ + "frugare", + "perquisire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a search" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search for something needed or desired" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frisk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search as for concealed weapons by running the hands rapidly over the clothing and through the pockets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strip-search" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search (someone) for weapons or drugs by having the person remove their clothes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a wide, sweeping search of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rifle", + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rummage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search haphazardly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb", + "ransack" + ], + "it": [ + "rastrellare", + "setacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search thoroughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fish", + "angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek indirectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search about busily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mow", + "cut down" + ], + "it": [ + "falciare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a blade or mower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fell by sawing; hew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scythe" + ], + "it": [ + "falciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a scythe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reap", + "harvest", + "glean" + ], + "it": [ + "mietere", + "raccogliere", + "racimolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather, as of natural products" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather into a club-like mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reap or harvest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shear" + ], + "it": [ + "tosare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with shears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll", + "pollard" + ], + "it": [ + "capitozzare", + "cimare", + "potare", + "scamozzare", + "scapezzare", + "scapitozzare", + "scavezzare", + "scoronare", + "svettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into a pollard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shear" + ], + "it": [ + "tosare", + "tranciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or cut through with shears" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snip", + "clip", + "crop", + "trim", + "lop", + "dress", + "prune", + "cut back" + ], + "it": [ + "potare", + "sfrondare", + "spuntare", + "tagliare", + "tosare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivate, tend, and cut back the growth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "pinch" + ], + "it": [ + "cimare", + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the top off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thin out buds to improve the quality of the remaining flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the stalk of fruits or berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch", + "engrave", + "grave", + "inscribe" + ], + "it": [ + "incidere", + "intagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engrave", + "etch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve or cut a design or letters into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "character" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engrave or inscribe characters on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash", + "gash" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slash", + "cut down" + ], + "it": [ + "segare", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with sweeping strokes; as with an ax or machete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butcher", + "slaughter" + ], + "it": [ + "macellare", + "massacrare", + "scannare", + "sgozzare", + "trucidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill (animals) usually for food consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut through the backbone of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill with poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stone", + "lapidate" + ], + "it": [ + "lapidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by throwing stones at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by its poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ], + "it": [ + "ammazzare", + "assassinare", + "freddare", + "stendere", + "uccidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commit suicide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill without delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zap", + "vaporize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill with or as if with a burst of gunfire or electric current or as if by shooting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause the death of, without intention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to die, especially suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ], + "it": [ + "sacrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill or destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomahawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill with a tomahawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroy", + "put down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (an animal) to death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saber", + "sabre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill with a saber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlie", + "overlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by lying on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by smashing someone's skull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put away", + "put to sleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill gently, as with an injection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralize", + "neutralise", + "liquidate", + "waste", + "knock off", + "do in" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellare", + "eliminare", + "liquidare", + "sopprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exterminate", + "kill off" + ], + "it": [ + "sterminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill en masse; kill on a large scale; kill many" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitch", + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to hook or entangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become accidentally or suddenly caught, ensnared, or entangled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch on a snag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfasten or release from or as if from a hitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "append", + "tag on", + "tack on", + "tack", + "hang on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix to; attach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "append", + "add on", + "supplement", + "affix" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add to the very end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add to the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sew", + "run up", + "sew together", + "stitch" + ], + "it": [ + "cucire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten by sewing; do needlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold over and sew together to provide with a hem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpick" + ], + "it": [ + "scucire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo (the stitches) of (a piece of sewing)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew with an overcast stitch from one section to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew over the edge of with long slanting wide stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew (two edges) with close stitches that pass over them both" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do backstitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darn" + ], + "it": [ + "raccenciare", + "rammendare", + "rappezzare", + "rattoppare", + "ricucire", + "rimendare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repair by sewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather", + "pucker", + "tuck" + ], + "it": [ + "increspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw together into folds or puckers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "needle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prick with a needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finedraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew together very finely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew a seam by folding the edges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baste", + "tack" + ], + "it": [ + "imbastire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew together loosely, with large stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hemstitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew with hemstitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick", + "retick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tape" + ], + "it": [ + "legare con un nastro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or attach with tape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scotch tape", + "sellotape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or attach with sellotape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glue", + "paste" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "incollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join or attach with or as if with glue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "epoxy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glue with epoxy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover the surface of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a covering or cause to be covered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with or as if with a cloak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coif" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a coif" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover as for protection against noise or smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jacket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a thermally non-conducting cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or back with foil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrobe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a coating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiteout", + "white out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover up with a liquid correction fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect by covering with a thin sheet of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a pall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with sod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind" + ], + "it": [ + "rilegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a new binding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plank", + "plank over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with planks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with strips of canvas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with flakes or as if with flakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlay", + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put something on top of something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or overlay with patches of contrasting color or texture; cause to appear splashed or spattered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a hood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with or as with a cowl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clapboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with clapboards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a canopy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bread" + ], + "it": [ + "impanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with bread crumbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put blinders on (a horse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindfold" + ], + "it": [ + "bendare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover the eyes of (someone) to prevent him from seeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aluminize", + "aluminise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with aluminum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ], + "it": [ + "incapsulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an enamel cover on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire con tegole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with slate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a sheet, as if by wrapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tile" + ], + "it": [ + "piastrellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with tiles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tile with tesserae" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with lagging to prevent heat loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with barbs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submerge", + "drown", + "overwhelm" + ], + "it": [ + "affogare", + "coprire", + "sommergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover completely or make imperceptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncover", + "expose" + ], + "it": [ + "scoperchiare", + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undrape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip something of drapery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclothe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the covers off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bare" + ], + "it": [ + "denudare", + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay bare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin down", + "pin up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach with or as if with a pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg", + "peg down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or secure with a wooden pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasten", + "fix", + "secure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be firmly attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a crank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten by passing through a hole or around something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "padlock" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere con il lucchetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a padlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with a noose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unzip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open the zipper of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with chocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with brads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a bight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten a boat to a bitt, pin, or cleat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn a rope round an object or person in order to secure it or him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarrare", + "sprangare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure with, or as if with, bars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a bar from (a door)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mount" + ], + "it": [ + "montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to a support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mount again, as after disassembling something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press or wedge together; pack together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or fix with a clamp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "velcro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with Velcro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fasten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become fixed or fastened" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfasten" + ], + "it": [ + "aprirsi", + "slacciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become undone or untied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfasten" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "sganciare", + "slacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become undone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unfasten, as a sail, from a spar or a stay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with stays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatten the ends (of nails and rivets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure or fasten by flattening the ends of nails or bolts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close", + "shut" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere", + "serrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close (a car window) by causing it to move up, as with a handle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bung" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with a cork or stopper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pen up", + "fold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine in a fold, like sheep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "dischiudere", + "schiudere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to open or to become open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break open" + ], + "it": [ + "manomettere", + "scassinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open with a clicking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reopen" + ], + "it": [ + "riaprire", + "riattivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "aprirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close", + "shut" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become closed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come open suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confine" + ], + "it": [ + "isolare", + "segregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from leaving or from being removed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coop up", + "coop in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine in or as if in a coop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock in", + "lock away", + "lock", + "put away", + "shut up", + "shut away", + "lock up" + ], + "it": [ + "imprigionare", + "riporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a place where something cannot be removed or someone cannot escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock in", + "seal in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with or as if with a tight seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere a chiave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a lock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure by locking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure or lock with a hasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlock" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open the lock of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ], + "it": [ + "bullonare", + "imbullonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure or lock with a bolt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbolt" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "diserrare", + "disserrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the bolt of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wring", + "wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist and compress, as if in pain or anguish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wring out", + "squeeze out" + ], + "it": [ + "strizzare", + "torcere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract (liquid) by squeezing or pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrench", + "twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist or pull violently or suddenly, especially so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached or from where it originates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw and bring closer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or grasp suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "forzare", + "manomettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do forcibly; exert force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contort", + "deform", + "distort", + "wring" + ], + "it": [ + "deformare", + "stravolgere", + "deturpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist and press out of shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist, squeeze, or compress in order to extract liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extract", + "pull out", + "pull", + "pull up", + "take out", + "draw out" + ], + "it": [ + "cavare", + "estirpare", + "estrarre", + "levare", + "stirpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demodulate" + ], + "it": [ + "demodulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract information from a modulated carrier wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press out", + "express", + "extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze the juice out (of a fruit) with a reamer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winkle", + "winkle out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or displace from a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the pulp from, as from a fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove something from a container or an enclosed space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unscrew" + ], + "it": [ + "svitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosen something by unscrewing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unscrew" + ], + "it": [ + "svitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loosen by turning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tighten or fasten by means of screwing motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw", + "drive in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to penetrate, as with a circular motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn like a screw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screw up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "screw or turn higher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with or as if with a seal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zip up", + "zipper", + "zip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close with a zipper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unseal" + ], + "it": [ + "disigillare", + "dissigillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break the seal of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal", + "seal off" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere", + "sigillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make tight; secure against leakage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseal" + ], + "it": [ + "risigillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waterproof" + ], + "it": [ + "impermeabilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make watertight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caulk", + "calk" + ], + "it": [ + "calafatare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal with caulking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect", + "link", + "tie", + "link up" + ], + "it": [ + "abboccare", + "collegare", + "congiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daisy-chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect devices on a part of a chip or circuit board in a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite musical notes by a tie" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communicate" + ], + "it": [ + "comunicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join or connect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interconnect", + "interlink" + ], + "it": [ + "interconnettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be interconnected or interwoven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect with a tee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect by telephone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disconnect" + ], + "it": [ + "disinserire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make disconnected, disjoin or unfasten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "card" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate the fibers of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affix", + "stick on" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "incollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seal" + ], + "it": [ + "sigillare", + "suggellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affix a seal to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhere", + "hold fast", + "bond", + "bind", + "stick", + "stick to" + ], + "it": [ + "incollarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick to firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leech onto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admire boundlessly and follow around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stick together as if with gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack" + ], + "it": [ + "imbullettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with tacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thumbtack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with thumbtacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach something somewhere by means of nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with or construct with studs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with calks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a mask on or cover with a mask" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmask" + ], + "it": [ + "smascherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the mask off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask", + "block out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shield from light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mask" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a sauce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover as if with a blanket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ], + "it": [ + "accordare", + "mettere le corde a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with strings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unstring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the strings from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "thread", + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "infilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thread on or as if on a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through or into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove facial hair by tying a fine string around it and pulling at the string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "string together like beads" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshal" + ], + "it": [ + "schierare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in logical order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the stringy parts of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "string together; tie or fasten with a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch out or arrange like a string" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string out", + "spread out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set out or stretch in a line, succession, or series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster", + "daub" + ], + "it": [ + "intonacare", + "stuccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with plastic or cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render-set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with two coats of plaster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parget" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply ornamental plaster to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply roughcast to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaster with mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the surface of level or smooth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimcoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a mixture of gypsum and spackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plaster with mortar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster", + "plaster over", + "stick on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a heavy coat to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a plaster cast to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint" + ], + "it": [ + "dipingere", + "pitturare", + "tinteggiare", + "verniciare", + "pennellare", + "spennellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply paint to; coat with paint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint (a surface) to make it look like stone or wood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repaint" + ], + "it": [ + "ripitturare", + "ridipingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airbrush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint with an airbrush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a liquid to; e.g., paint the gutters with linseed oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put on", + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply to a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover, fill, fix or smear with or as if with gum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress" + ], + "it": [ + "condire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a dressing on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress (food) with a relish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on cream, as on one's face or body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cold-cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put cold cream on one's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putty" + ], + "it": [ + "stuccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply putty in order to fix or fill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply with a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slap on", + "clap on", + "slam on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a thin sheet of non-fabric material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prime", + "ground", + "undercoat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a primer; apply a primer to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch with a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hook by a pull on the line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net", + "nett" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere con la rete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch with a net" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a belt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the belt of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhook" + ], + "it": [ + "sganciare", + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take off a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect or link" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ], + "it": [ + "cementare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind or join with or as if with cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bind with grout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or coat with cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "staple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure or fasten with a staple or staples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rivet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a rivet or rivets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unstaple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the staples off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach with a clip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the clip from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ], + "it": [ + "abbottonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbutton" + ], + "it": [ + "sbottonare", + "slacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the buttons of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "button" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with buttons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin" + ], + "it": [ + "affiggere", + "attaccare", + "fissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach or fasten with pins or as if with pins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpin" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the pins from; unfasten the pins of" + ], + "it": [ + "togliere gli spilli a" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straighten", + "straighten out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open or straighten out; unbend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channelize", + "channelise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form a channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fray", + "frazzle" + ], + "it": [ + "logorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear away by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "wear", + "wear out", + "bust", + "fall apart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "bust" + ], + "it": [ + "guastare", + "rovinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruin completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere", + "sfondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fall or collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "poke at with the foot or toe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mar by scuffing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or become scuffed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop-kick", + "dropkick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop and kick (a ball) as it touches the ground, as for a field goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place-kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick (a ball) from a stationary position, in football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place something or someone in a certain position in order to secretly observe or deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick back", + "recoil", + "kick" + ], + "it": [ + "rinculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring back, as from a forceful thrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to rise by kicking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ], + "it": [ + "calciare", + "dare un calcio", + "tirare un calcio a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive or propel with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropkick", + "drop-kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the point after a touchdown with a dropkick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punt", + "pole" + ], + "it": [ + "spingere con la pertica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with a pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boot" + ], + "it": [ + "calciare", + "dare un calcio a", + "prendere a calci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick; give a boot to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ], + "it": [ + "spruzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter in a mass or jet of droplets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray or sprinkle with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "atomize", + "atomise" + ], + "it": [ + "polverizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray very finely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray finely or cover with mist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syringe" + ], + "it": [ + "iniettare", + "siringare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spray or irrigate (a body part) with a syringe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ], + "it": [ + "spruzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover by spraying with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover by brushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spray" + ], + "it": [ + "irrorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be discharged in sprays of liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatter", + "splatter", + "plash", + "splash", + "splosh", + "swash" + ], + "it": [ + "schizzare", + "spruzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dash a liquid upon or against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a puddle by splashing water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slosh", + "slush", + "slosh around", + "slush around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spill or splash copiously or clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle", + "splash", + "splosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a liquid) to spatter about, especially with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle as if with salt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike and dash about in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "splash and flutter about in or as if in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squirt", + "force out", + "squeeze out", + "eject" + ], + "it": [ + "schizzare", + "spruzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come out in a squirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extravasate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force out or cause to escape from a proper vessel or channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drizzle", + "moisten" + ], + "it": [ + "inumidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moisten with fine drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter", + "sprinkle", + "dot", + "dust", + "disperse" + ], + "it": [ + "spargere", + "sperdere", + "spolverizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute loosely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersperse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place at intervals in or among" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interleave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intersperse the sectors on the concentric magnetic circular patterns written on a computer disk surface to guide the storing and recording of data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour forth or release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge or direct or be discharged or directed as if in a continuous stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bespangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dot or sprinkle with sparkling or glittering objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge in, or as if in, a volley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerosolize", + "aerosolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disperse as an aerosol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aerosolize", + "aerosolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become dispersed as an aerosol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strew", + "straw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread by scattering (\"straw\" is archaic)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestrew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover by strewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a place messy by strewing garbage around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "distribute" + ], + "it": [ + "veicolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute or disperse widely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to spread in another part of the world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit or cause to broaden or spread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread thickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deploy" + ], + "it": [ + "distribuire", + "schierare", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to distribute systematically or strategically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeploy" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deploy anew" + ], + "it": [ + "riorganizzare lo schieramento di" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redistribute" + ], + "it": [ + "redistribuire", + "ridistribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "propagate" + ], + "it": [ + "allargarsi", + "dilagare", + "disseminare", + "espandersi", + "estendersi", + "propagarsi", + "spandersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become distributed or widespread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread or be communicated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "envelop with social, intellectual, or moral darkness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gather", + "garner", + "collect", + "pull together" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliere", + "radunare", + "rilevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assemble or get together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather into a hive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvage", + "scavenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect discarded or refused material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muster", + "rally", + "summon", + "come up", + "muster up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather or bring together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corral" + ], + "it": [ + "raccattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect or gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round up" + ], + "it": [ + "radunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek out and bring together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick", + "pluck", + "cull" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliere", + "cogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look for and gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mushroom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick or gather mushrooms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prawn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fish for prawns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather nuts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hunt frogs for food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather snails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackberry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick or gather blackberries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdnest", + "bird-nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather birdnests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather nests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oyster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather oysters, dig oysters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge" + ], + "it": [ + "pescare spugne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather sponges, in the ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pearl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather pearls, from oysters in the ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather clams, by digging in the sand by the ocean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pick or gather berries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluck", + "pull", + "tear", + "deplume", + "deplumate", + "displume" + ], + "it": [ + "pelare", + "spennacchiare", + "spennare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip of feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collect", + "pull in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or bring together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "archive", + "file away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into an archive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape", + "scrape up", + "scratch", + "come up" + ], + "it": [ + "raccattare", + "rimediare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather (money or other resources) together over time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel-and-dime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggregate", + "combine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather in a mass, sum, or whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitize", + "unitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat up", + "drum up", + "rally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collate" + ], + "it": [ + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to assemble in proper sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lump", + "chunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put together indiscriminately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "batch together; assemble or process as a batch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a bale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect or gather into shocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandpaper", + "sand" + ], + "it": [ + "cartavetrare", + "carteggiare", + "scartavetrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub with sandpaper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-sand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sand roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandblast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grind with a sandblast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rasp" + ], + "it": [ + "levigare", + "raschiare", + "raspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrape with a rasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file" + ], + "it": [ + "limare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smooth with a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrugate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold into ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffle", + "pleat" + ], + "it": [ + "pieghettare", + "plissettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pleat or gather into a ruffle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffle", + "ruffle up", + "rumple", + "mess up" + ], + "it": [ + "arruffare", + "increspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb the smoothness of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plait" + ], + "it": [ + "intrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weave into plaits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compress", + "constrict", + "squeeze", + "compact", + "contract", + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze or press together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constrict or bind or draw together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straiten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constrict a hollow organ or vessel so as to stop the flow of blood or air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract involuntarily, as in a spasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear down", + "overbear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract the abdominal muscles during childbirth to ease delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compress", + "compact", + "pack together" + ], + "it": [ + "comprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more compact by or as if by pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decompress", + "uncompress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore to its uncompressed form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck", + "insert" + ], + "it": [ + "infilare", + "inserire", + "introdurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit snugly into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wall in", + "wall up" + ], + "it": [ + "murare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brick in", + "brick up", + "brick over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wall up with brick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embower", + "bower" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a bower" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tuck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a tuck or several folds in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mangle" + ], + "it": [ + "mutilare", + "storpiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press with a mangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "pressare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place between two surfaces and apply weight or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iron", + "iron out", + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "stirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press and smooth with a heated iron" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calender" + ], + "it": [ + "calandrare", + "cilindrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press between rollers or plates so as to smooth, glaze, or thin into sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll out", + "roll" + ], + "it": [ + "spianare", + "stendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatten or spread with a roller" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll steel ingots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminate" + ], + "it": [ + "laminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press or beat (metals) into thin sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll out (metal) with a rolling machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffle", + "fluff" + ], + "it": [ + "arruffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or fluff up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluff up", + "plump up", + "shake up" + ], + "it": [ + "spiumacciare", + "sprimacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make fuller by shaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preen", + "plume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with one's bill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wipe", + "pass over" + ], + "it": [ + "strofinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub with a circular motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge" + ], + "it": [ + "lavare con una spugna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe with a sponge, so as to clean or moisten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeegee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe with a squeegee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wipe off", + "wipe away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by wiping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deterge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe away; to wash off or out, cleanse; chiefly in medical use: to clear away foul matter from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wipe up", + "mop up", + "mop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to wash or wipe with or as if with a mop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soak up with a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep", + "broom" + ], + "it": [ + "spazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweep with a broom or as if with a broom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "ramazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean by sweeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a swiping motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "towel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wipe with a towel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate", + "grind" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotare", + "grattare", + "stridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a grating or grinding sound by rubbing together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clench together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clench" + ], + "it": [ + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze together tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a grit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plate" + ], + "it": [ + "placcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a layer of metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate with tin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a layer of silver or a silver amalgam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nickel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate with nickel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electroplate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with metal by electrolysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chrome", + "chromium-plate" + ], + "it": [ + "cromare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate with chromium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goldplate", + "gold-plate", + "gold plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate with gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silverplate", + "silver-plate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plate with silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hug" + ], + "it": [ + "abbracciare", + "laMBire", + "rasentare", + "tenersi vicino a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit closely or tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflict a heavy blow on, with the hand, a tool, or a weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with a hook" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit swiftly with a violent blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sock", + "bop", + "whop", + "whap", + "bonk", + "bash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "beat up", + "work over" + ], + "it": [ + "bastonare", + "battere", + "malmenare", + "percuotere", + "picchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a beating to; subject to a beating, either as a punishment or as an act of aggression" + ], + "it": [ + "assestare colpi a scopo punitivo o intimidatorio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong-arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use physical force against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat severely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pistol-whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with a pistol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip", + "lash" + ], + "it": [ + "frustare", + "sferzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike as if by whipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belabour", + "belabor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat soundly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flagellate", + "scourge" + ], + "it": [ + "fustigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with a leather strap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horsewhip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with a whip intended for horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "full" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat for the purpose of cleaning and thickening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (water or bushes) repeatedly to rouse animals for hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (a part of one's own body) repeatedly, as in great emotion or in accompaniment to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with a beetle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastinado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat somebody on the soles of the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit on the head, especially with a pitched baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit or strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "catch" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit, especially on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with a cosh, usually on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit on the head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash", + "nail", + "boom", + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit forcefully; deal a hard blow, making a cracking noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an out by hitting the ball on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive (a golf ball) with the toe of the club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a golf ball) with the heel of a club, causing the ball to veer in the wrong direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a golf ball) in a high arc with a backspin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in play with a snap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel or hit with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (the ball) in golf, tennis, or hockey obliquely downward so as to give a backspin or elevation to the shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a female screw thread with a tap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a hob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (a golf ball) lightly, with a putter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a putt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire di tacco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with the heel of the club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a golf ball) with the toe of the club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a golf ball into a bunker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit something so that it bounces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bounce a ball so that it becomes an out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backhand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a tennis ball backhand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foul out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "baseball: hit a ball such that it is caught from an out in foul territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a pop-fly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "bocciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move by striking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry a stroke to natural completion after hitting or releasing a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit the pitches of hard and regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit onto the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a groundball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (the top part of a ball in golf, baseball, or pool) giving it a forward spin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit in the direction that the player is facing when carrying through the swing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with great force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with so much force as to make a return impossible, in racket games" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit or play a ball successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit very hard, as by swinging a bat horizontally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a driver, as in teeing off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole", + "hole out" + ], + "it": [ + "mandare in buca" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit the ball into the hole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunt", + "drag a bunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a ball in such a way so as to make it go a short distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a glancing blow with the edge of the bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a ball) with a racket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dribble", + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a ball and put a spin on it so that it travels in a different direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a ball and put a spin on it so that it travels to the left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a single" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a two-base hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit a three-base hit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike out (a batter), (of a pitcher)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike out by swinging and missing the pitch charged as the third" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbag", + "stun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit something or somebody as if with a sandbag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (the ground) in making a sclaff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flog", + "welt", + "whip", + "lather", + "lash", + "slash", + "strap", + "trounce" + ], + "it": [ + "frustare", + "fustigare", + "sferzare", + "staffilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat severely with a whip or rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flog with or as if with a flexible rod" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cowhide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flog with a cowhide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with a cat-o'-nine-tails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with a birch twig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manhandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cane", + "flog", + "lambaste", + "lambast" + ], + "it": [ + "bacchettare", + "flagellare", + "frustare", + "fustigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with a cane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck", + "coldcock", + "dump", + "knock down", + "floor" + ], + "it": [ + "atterrare", + "stendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knock down with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with the fists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clout" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike hard, especially with the fist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream", + "bat", + "clobber", + "drub", + "thrash", + "lick" + ], + "it": [ + "sbaragliare", + "schiacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat thoroughly and conclusively in a competition or fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat" + ], + "it": [ + "battere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with, or as if with a baseball bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a turn at bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch-hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bat right-handed against a left-handed and left-handed against a right-handed pitcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a ball) with a spin so that it turns in the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock cold", + "knock out", + "kayo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knock unconscious or senseless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap", + "knap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock" + ], + "it": [ + "bussare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rap with the knuckles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thump", + "pound", + "poke" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "battere forte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit hard with the hand, fist, or some heavy instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "thwack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a hard blow to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a blow to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch", + "plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a quick blow to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike sharply, as in some sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slug", + "slog", + "swig" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "colpire con forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike heavily, especially with the fist or a bat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whack", + "wham", + "whop", + "wallop" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire con forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pummel", + "pommel", + "biff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike, usually with the fist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash", + "thresh", + "lam", + "flail" + ], + "it": [ + "battere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a thrashing to; beat hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash", + "thresh" + ], + "it": [ + "battere", + "trebbiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat the seeds out of a grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hammer" + ], + "it": [ + "martellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with or as if with a hammer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sledgehammer", + "sledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat with a sledgehammer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with something flat, like a paddle or the open hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuff", + "whomp" + ], + "it": [ + "dare uno schiaffo a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sclaff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike (a golf ball) such that the ground is scraped first" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clobber", + "baste", + "batter" + ], + "it": [ + "ridurre in cattivo stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike violently and repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffet", + "buff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike, beat repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffet", + "knock about", + "batter" + ], + "it": [ + "battere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike against forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk", + "whip" + ], + "it": [ + "frullare", + "montare", + "montare a neve", + "sbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with or as if with a wire whisk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make creamy by beating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "scramble" + ], + "it": [ + "frullare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffle", + "ruffle", + "mix" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolare", + "mischiare", + "rimescolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix so as to make a random order or arrangement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshuffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shuffle again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shuffle (playing cards) by separating the deck into two parts and riffling with the thumbs so the cards intermix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir with a paddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitate", + "vex", + "disturb", + "commove", + "shake up", + "stir up", + "raise up" + ], + "it": [ + "spostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the arrangement or position of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roil", + "rile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make turbid by stirring up the sediments of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muddle", + "puddle" + ], + "it": [ + "infangare", + "rendere fangoso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a puddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ], + "it": [ + "boxare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a boxing match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight with spurs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prizefight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "box for a prize or money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadowbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go through boxing motions without an opponent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit with the fist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spank", + "paddle", + "larrup" + ], + "it": [ + "sculacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a spanking to; subject to a spanking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug in", + "plug into", + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plug into an outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unplug", + "disconnect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull the plug of (electrical appliances) and render inoperable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insert", + "infix", + "enter", + "introduce" + ], + "it": [ + "inserire", + "introdurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or introduce into something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert the penis into the vagina or anus of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cannulate", + "cannulize", + "cannulise", + "intubate", + "canulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce a cannula or tube into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "input" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter (data or a program) into a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instill", + "instil" + ], + "it": [ + "instillare", + "istillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter drop by drop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug", + "stop up", + "secure" + ], + "it": [ + "otturare", + "tamponare", + "tappare", + "turare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or close tightly with or as if with a plug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tampon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plug with a tampon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close", + "fill up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or stop up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill the chinks of, as with caulking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cork", + "cork up" + ], + "it": [ + "tappare", + "turare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close a bottle with a cork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncork" + ], + "it": [ + "stappare", + "sturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw the cork from (bottles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club", + "bludgeon" + ], + "it": [ + "manganellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a club or a bludgeon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cudgel", + "fustigate" + ], + "it": [ + "legnare", + "randellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with a cudgel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir by poking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nuzzle", + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub noses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrace", + "hug", + "bosom", + "squeeze" + ], + "it": [ + "abbracciare", + "abbracciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze (someone) tightly in your arms, usually with fondness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embrace amorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuddle", + "snuggle", + "nestle", + "nest", + "nuzzle", + "draw close" + ], + "it": [ + "rannicchiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or arrange oneself in a comfortable and cozy position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nestle", + "snuggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position comfortably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cuddle" + ], + "it": [ + "coccolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold (a person or thing) close, as for affection, comfort, or warmth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooch", + "spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "snuggle and lie in a position where one person faces the back of the others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stroke or caress gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gentle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stroke soothingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neck", + "make out" + ], + "it": [ + "pomiciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kiss, embrace, or fondle with sexual passion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep together", + "roll in the hay", + "love", + "make out", + "make love", + "sleep with", + "get laid", + "have sex", + "know", + "do it", + "be intimate", + "have intercourse", + "have it away", + "have it off", + "screw", + "fuck", + "jazz", + "eff", + "hump", + "lie with", + "bed", + "have a go at it", + "bang", + "get it on", + "bonk" + ], + "it": [ + "avvitare", + "chiavare", + "fottere", + "sbattere", + "scopare", + "trombare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have sexual intercourse with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "have" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have sex with; archaic use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fornicate" + ], + "it": [ + "fornicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have sex without being married" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have unlawful sex with a whore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frequent prostitutes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mate with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "service" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mate with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be available for stud services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflower", + "ruin" + ], + "it": [ + "deflorare", + "disfiorare", + "sverginare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of virginity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seduce", + "score", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "sedurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "induce to have sex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copulate", + "mate", + "pair", + "couple" + ], + "it": [ + "accoppiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in sexual intercourse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride", + "mount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copulate with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breed" + ], + "it": [ + "allevare", + "crescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to procreate (animals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mongrelize", + "mongrelise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become a mongrel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backcross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mate a hybrid of the first generation with one of its parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crossbreed", + "cross", + "hybridize", + "hybridise", + "interbreed" + ], + "it": [ + "ibridare", + "incrociare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breed animals or plants using parents of different races and varieties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breed", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copulate with a female, used especially of horses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masturbate", + "wank", + "fuck off", + "she-bop", + "jack off", + "jerk off" + ], + "it": [ + "masturbarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get sexual gratification through self-stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masturbate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate sexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "masturbate while strangling oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snog", + "kiss", + "buss", + "osculate" + ], + "it": [ + "baciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch with the lips or press the lips (against someone's mouth or other body part) as an expression of love, greeting, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kiss" + ], + "it": [ + "baciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch lightly or gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "peck" + ], + "it": [ + "dare un bacetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kiss lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch or stroke lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lick", + "lap" + ], + "it": [ + "lambire", + "leccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass the tongue over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lick or explore with the tongue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch with the mouth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "recare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move while holding up or supporting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry away rapidly and secretly, as if mysteriously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry in a bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "rinviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring", + "get", + "convey", + "fetch" + ], + "it": [ + "portare", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or come after and bring or take back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away or remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run after, pick up, and bring to the master" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go for and bring back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be accompanied by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take away", + "bear off", + "bear away", + "carry away", + "carry off" + ], + "it": [ + "asportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a certain place, environment, or mental or emotional state; transport into a new location or state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or lay as if in a pile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spirit away", + "spirit off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry off mysteriously; as if by magic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk off", + "whisk away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away quickly and suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk", + "whisk off" + ], + "it": [ + "spolverare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "brush or wipe off lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transmit", + "transfer", + "transport", + "channel", + "channelize", + "channelise" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send from one person or place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (ideas or principles) from one domain into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a certain spiritual state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport to a destiny through pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "release" + ], + "it": [ + "sprigionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let (something) fall or spill from a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate" + ], + "it": [ + "sgonfiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release contained air or gas from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collapse by releasing contained air or gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw (a die) out onto a flat surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw dice, as in a crap game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send", + "send out" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigere", + "inoltrare", + "inviare", + "mandare", + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause or order to be taken, directed, or transmitted to another place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mail in; cause to be delivered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit by mail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mail", + "get off" + ], + "it": [ + "imbucare", + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send via the postal service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send by special mail that goes through diplomatic channels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver" + ], + "it": [ + "consegnare", + "distribuire", + "recapitare", + "ricapitare", + "rimettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a destination, make a delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdeliver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver to the wrong address" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "process", + "swear out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a warrant or summons to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come into a particular state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "grab", + "take hold of" + ], + "it": [ + "acchiappare", + "afferrare", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take hold of so as to seize or restrain or stop the motion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture", + "retake" + ], + "it": [ + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capture again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snatch", + "snatch up", + "snap" + ], + "it": [ + "arraffare", + "strappare con violenza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to grasp hastily or eagerly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoop", + "swoop up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize or catch with a swooping motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "reach out" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move forward or upward in order to touch; also in a metaphorical sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercept", + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare", + "intercettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize on its way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut off", + "cut out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut off and stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickle", + "prick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a small hole into, as with a needle or a thorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierce" + ], + "it": [ + "bucare", + "perforare", + "traforare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hole into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate or cut, as with a knife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierce", + "thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "infilzare", + "trafiggere", + "trapassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "penetrate or cut through with a sharp instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce or penetrate or puncture with something pointed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ], + "it": [ + "conficcarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a thrust using a pointed instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a wooden pin or knock or thrust a wooden pin into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierce" + ], + "it": [ + "squarciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or make a way through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick", + "break up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attack with or as if with a pickaxe of ice or rocky ground, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch", + "perforate" + ], + "it": [ + "bucare", + "forare", + "perforare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hole into or between, as for ease of separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore", + "drill" + ], + "it": [ + "bucare", + "forare", + "perforare", + "traforare", + "trapanare", + "trivellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "initiate drilling operations, as for petroleum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counter-drill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drill in an opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center punch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a small hole in something as a guide for a drill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trepan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a hole with a trepan, as in surgery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tunnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force a way through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "funnel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or pour through a funnel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfix", + "impale", + "empale", + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a sharp stake or point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skewer", + "spit" + ], + "it": [ + "infilzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive a skewer through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a pin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a spear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horn", + "tusk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stab or pierce with a horn or tusk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gore" + ], + "it": [ + "trafiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sting", + "bite", + "prick" + ], + "it": [ + "mordere", + "morsicare", + "pizzicare", + "pungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver a sting to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gnaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bite or chew on with the teeth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap at", + "bite off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bite off with a quick bite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite", + "seize with teeth" + ], + "it": [ + "mordere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to grip, cut off, or tear with or as if with the teeth or jaws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring the jaws together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bite gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a small sharp bite to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bite off very small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandish", + "flourish", + "wave" + ], + "it": [ + "brandire", + "sbandierare", + "sventolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or swing back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wigwag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send a signal by waving a flag or a light according to a certain code" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ], + "it": [ + "premere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert pressure or force to or upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "push" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make strenuous pushing movements during birth to expel the baby" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "draw", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare", + "trainare", + "trarre", + "trascinare", + "trasportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move by pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or pull with a sudden motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twitch the hook of a fishing line through or along the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to a rearward position; pull towards the back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a limb towards the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull away from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull in opposite directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "yield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be flexible under stress of physical force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transport", + "carry" + ], + "it": [ + "portare", + "trasportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry, bear, convey, or bring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry luggage or supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry, as on one's back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frogmarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry someone against his will upside down such that each limb is held by one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport something in a cart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cart off", + "cart away", + "haul off", + "haul away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away by means of a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by aeroplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "airlift", + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly people or goods to or from places not accessible by other means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haul" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluck", + "plunk", + "pick" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicare", + "pizzicare le corde di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull lightly but sharply with a plucking motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicare le corde di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pluck (strings of an instrument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug" + ], + "it": [ + "tirare con forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull or strain hard at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by pulling hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull, as against a resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shlep", + "schlep", + "pull along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull along heavily, like a heavy load against a resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail", + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "strascicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drag loosely along a surface; allow to sweep the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lug", + "tote", + "tug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tow" + ], + "it": [ + "rimorchiare", + "tirare", + "trainare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drag behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug" + ], + "it": [ + "rimorchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tow (a vessel) with a tug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haul", + "hale", + "cart", + "drag" + ], + "it": [ + "strascinare", + "tirare", + "trascinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw slowly or heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowse", + "bouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haul with a tackle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoist", + "lift", + "wind" + ], + "it": [ + "issare", + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise or haul up with or as if with mechanical help" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i28999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trice", + "trice up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hoist up or in and lash or secure with a small rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trice", + "trice up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise with a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoist", + "run up" + ], + "it": [ + "inalberare", + "issare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave", + "heave up", + "heft", + "heft up" + ], + "it": [ + "sollevare a fatica" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift or elevate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upheave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift forcefully from beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigh anchor", + "weigh the anchor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heave up an anchor in preparation for sailing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test the weight of something by lifting it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nip", + "nip off", + "clip", + "snip", + "snip off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sever or remove by pinching or snipping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinch", + "squeeze", + "twinge", + "tweet", + "nip", + "twitch" + ], + "it": [ + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze tightly between the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinch in the buttocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crimp", + "pinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ridges into by pinching together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form flutes in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a groove in, or provide with a groove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a dado into or fit into a dado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a ridge around the edge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolate", + "sink in", + "permeate", + "filter" + ], + "it": [ + "filtrare", + "filtrare attraverso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a solvent) to pass through a permeable substance in order to extract a soluble constituent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare in a percolator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filter", + "filtrate", + "strain", + "separate out", + "filter out" + ], + "it": [ + "colare", + "filtrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by passing through a filter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into components or constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (a metal) from an ore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractionate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by a fractional process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fractionate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate into constituents or fractions containing concentrated constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concoct" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a concoction (of) by mixing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sift", + "sieve", + "strain" + ], + "it": [ + "abburattare", + "burattare", + "setacciare", + "stacciare", + "vagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate by passing through a sieve or other straining device to separate out coarser elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sieve so that it becomes the consistency of rice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sieve", + "sift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check and sort carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sift anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riddle", + "screen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate with a riddle, as grain from chaff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winnow", + "fan" + ], + "it": [ + "mondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate the chaff from by using air currents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coalesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fuse or cause to grow together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound", + "combine" + ], + "it": [ + "conglobare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine so as to form a whole; mix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heterodyne" + ], + "it": [ + "eterodinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine (a radio frequency wave) with a locally generated wave of a different frequency so as to produce a new frequency equal to the sum or the difference between the two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulfurette", + "sulphurette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine with sulfur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mix", + "mingle", + "commix", + "unify", + "amalgamate" + ], + "it": [ + "amalgamare", + "amalgamarsi", + "mescolare", + "mescolarsi", + "miscelare", + "mischiare", + "mischiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to bring or combine together or with something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend", + "intermix", + "immingle", + "intermingle" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolare", + "miscelare", + "mischiare", + "mischiarsi", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine into one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix or blend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entangle", + "tangle", + "mat", + "snarl" + ], + "it": [ + "aggrovigliare", + "impaniare", + "ingarbugliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist together or entwine into a confusing mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "felt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mat together and make felt-like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enmesh", + "mesh", + "ensnarl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entangle or catch in (or as if in) a mesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disentangle", + "unsnarl", + "straighten out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extricate from entanglement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "tease apart", + "loosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disentangle and raise the fibers of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrange", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodare", + "disporre", + "distribuire", + "ordinare", + "sistemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a proper or systematic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange the order of so as to increase one's winning chances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect or arrange into a chain by linking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concatenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine two strings to form a single one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair", + "geminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair", + "geminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur in pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange the words of a text so as to create a concordance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange (open windows) on a computer desktop so that they overlap each other, with the title bars visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ], + "it": [ + "assestare", + "riordinare", + "sistemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or fix in the desired order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or build up as if on the base of a pyramid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange wagons so that they form a corral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catenate", + "catenulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in a series of rings or chains, as for spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "decorate" + ], + "it": [ + "addobbare", + "ornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarrange" + ], + "it": [ + "buttare all'aria", + "disordinare", + "scompigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy the arrangement or order of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border", + "adjoin", + "edge", + "abut", + "march", + "butt", + "butt against", + "butt on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie adjacent to another or share a boundary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surround", + "environ", + "ring", + "skirt", + "border" + ], + "it": [ + "accerchiare", + "attorniare", + "cingere", + "contornare", + "circondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with or as if with a surrounding fringe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girdle", + "gird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a girdle on or around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evict", + "force out" + ], + "it": [ + "sfrattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel from one's property or force to move out by a legal process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel or eject without recourse to legal process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eject", + "chuck out", + "exclude", + "turf out", + "boot out", + "turn out" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "disalloggiare", + "discacciare", + "espellere", + "scacciare", + "sloggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out or expel from a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show the door" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eject from the premises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superimpose", + "superpose", + "lay over" + ], + "it": [ + "soprapporre", + "sovraimporre", + "sovrapporre", + "sovrimporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (one geometric figure) upon another so that their perimeters coincide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "ask in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to enter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon to enter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive someone, as into one's house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive", + "take in", + "invite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express willingness to have in one's home or environs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assimilate or take in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive as a specified guest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up someone's soul into heaven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kidnap", + "nobble", + "abduct", + "snatch" + ], + "it": [ + "abdurre", + "rapire", + "sequestrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away to an undisclosed location against their will and usually in order to extract a ransom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround with a cloister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shanghai", + "impress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (someone) against his will for compulsory service, especially on board a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commandeer", + "hijack", + "highjack", + "pirate" + ], + "it": [ + "dirottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take arbitrarily or by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skyjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject an aircraft to air piracy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carjack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take someone's car from him by force, usually with the intention of stealing it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expropriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of possessions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scramble", + "jumble", + "throw together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into random order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw together in a confused mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putter", + "potter", + "potter around", + "putter around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around aimlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "putter", + "mess around", + "potter", + "tinker", + "monkey", + "monkey around", + "muck about", + "muck around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do random, unplanned work or activities or spend time idly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mess around, as in a liquid or paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muss", + "tussle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make messy or untidy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tousle", + "dishevel", + "tangle" + ], + "it": [ + "aggrovigliare", + "arruffare", + "ingarbugliare", + "intricare", + "scarmigliare", + "scarruffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disarrange or rumple; dishevel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range", + "array", + "lay out", + "set out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay out in parts according to a plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let go of", + "let go", + "release", + "relinquish" + ], + "it": [ + "allentare", + "mollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release, as from one's grip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release by a toggle switch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the hand from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring out", + "let out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring out of a specific state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unleash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release or vent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unleash", + "let loose", + "loose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn loose or free from restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncork" + ], + "it": [ + "dare sfogo a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unleash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from a leash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free", + "disengage" + ], + "it": [ + "liberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free or remove obstruction from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffocate", + "stifle", + "asphyxiate", + "choke" + ], + "it": [ + "asfissiare", + "soffocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impair the respiration of or obstruct the air passage of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruct", + "obturate", + "impede", + "occlude", + "jam", + "block", + "close up" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare", + "ingombrare", + "intralciare", + "ostruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block passage through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrain from moving or operating normally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dam", + "dam up" + ], + "it": [ + "imbrigliare", + "sbarrare con una diga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruct with, or as if with, a dam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shut off", + "block off", + "close off" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block off the passage through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "block out" + ], + "it": [ + "schermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from entering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect from light, heat, or view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land up", + "earth up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block with earth, as after a landslide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barricade", + "block", + "blockade", + "stop", + "block off", + "block up", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "asserragliare", + "bloccare", + "ingorgare", + "intasare", + "ostruire", + "sbarrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render unsuitable for passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bar access to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog", + "choke off", + "clog up", + "back up", + "congest", + "choke", + "foul" + ], + "it": [ + "congestionare", + "ostruire", + "strozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or cause to become obstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crap up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become obstructed or chocked up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or cause to become unobstructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff", + "lug", + "choke up", + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silt up", + "silt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become chocked with silt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unstuff", + "loosen up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become unblocked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capture or kill, as in hunting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "batfowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch birds by temporarily blinding them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture", + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capture as if by hunting, snaring, or trapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in and retain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch rats, especially with dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap", + "entrap", + "snare", + "ensnare", + "trammel" + ], + "it": [ + "catturare", + "intrappolare", + "prendere in trappola" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch in or as if in a trap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trap with a snare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspend" + ], + "it": [ + "sospendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang", + "hang up" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "sospendere", + "appendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be hanging or suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in position as by a hinge so as to allow free movement in one direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be placed in position as by a hinge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suspended or poised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ], + "it": [ + "appendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suspended or hanging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangle" + ], + "it": [ + "dondolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to dangle or hang freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ], + "it": [ + "imballare", + "impaccare", + "impacchettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "containerize", + "containerise" + ], + "it": [ + "containerizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "package in a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enshrine", + "shrine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a shrine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack", + "load down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load with a pack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veil" + ], + "it": [ + "velare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to obscure, or conceal with or as if with a veil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unveil" + ], + "it": [ + "scoprire", + "togliere il velo a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the veil from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unveil" + ], + "it": [ + "inaugurare", + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the cover from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack", + "bundle", + "wad", + "compact" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un fascio di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compress into a wad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compact", + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the property of being packable or of compacting easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work a wet mixture, such as concrete or mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunch", + "bunch up", + "bundle", + "cluster", + "clump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather or cause to gather into a cluster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agglomerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into one cluster" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seal with packing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubricate", + "lube" + ], + "it": [ + "ingrassare", + "inoliare", + "lubrificare", + "oliare", + "ungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a lubricant to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box", + "package" + ], + "it": [ + "confezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbox" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unpack", + "take out" + ], + "it": [ + "disimballare", + "sballare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from its packing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take from stowage in preparation for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag" + ], + "it": [ + "insaccare", + "insacchettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a bag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a small bag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack" + ], + "it": [ + "insaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a sack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encase", + "incase", + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in, or as if in, a case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a crate; as for protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the crate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundle", + "bundle up", + "roll up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a bundle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll out", + "straighten" + ], + "it": [ + "stendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straighten by unrolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burden", + "burthen", + "weight", + "weight down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weight down with a load" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the weight on; make lighter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overburden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load with excessive weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weight with lead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unburden", + "disburden" + ], + "it": [ + "alleggerire", + "sgravare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the burden off; remove the burden from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unload", + "unlade", + "offload" + ], + "it": [ + "scaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the load off (a container or vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bomb up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load an aircraft with bombs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overload", + "surcharge", + "overcharge" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraccaricare", + "sovraccaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place too much a load on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to an excessive degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overload" + ], + "it": [ + "essere sovraccarico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become overloaded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or load to capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load with goods for transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the charge from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop", + "drop off", + "set down", + "put down", + "unload", + "discharge" + ], + "it": [ + "scaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave or unload" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge at a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-drop" + ], + "it": [ + "aviolanciare", + "paracadutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop (an object) from the air; unload from a plane or helicopter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load", + "lade", + "laden", + "load up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or place a load on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load", + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a device) with something necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recharge", + "reload" + ], + "it": [ + "ricaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reload" + ], + "it": [ + "ricaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place a new load on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ], + "it": [ + "addossare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load or burden; encumber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a yoke on or join with a yoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a yoke or harness to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unyoke" + ], + "it": [ + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the yoke from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outspan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the yoke or harness from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness", + "tackle" + ], + "it": [ + "bardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a harness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unharness" + ], + "it": [ + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the harness from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke", + "link" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "link with or as with a yoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yoke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become joined or linked together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saddle" + ], + "it": [ + "insellare", + "sellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a saddle on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsaddle", + "offsaddle" + ], + "it": [ + "disellare", + "dissellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the saddle from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bruise", + "contuse" + ], + "it": [ + "ammaccare", + "ammaccarsi", + "contundere", + "farsi un livido a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "injure the underlying soft tissue or bone of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam", + "crush" + ], + "it": [ + "schiacciare", + "spappolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crush or bruise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in bins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill by packing tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park" + ], + "it": [ + "parcheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensconce", + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere", + "porre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be in a certain state; cause to be in a certain relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put to sleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help someone go to bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put", + "set", + "place", + "pose", + "position", + "lay" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere", + "porre", + "appoggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a certain place or abstract location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or put in a particular order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emplace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into place or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emplace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a new emplacement for guns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on board a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a ship again or transfer to another ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (something) under or beneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set, plant, or bury in a trench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pigeonhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into a small compartment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a shelf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a cylindrical vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw down flat, as on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to put something (eg trust) in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place signs, as along a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "middle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallelize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place parallel to one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place end to end without overlapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a recess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reposition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into another position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw", + "thrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or put with great energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or thrust suddenly and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee", + "tee up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place on a tee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coffin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into a coffin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put to bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place side by side or in close proximity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set down", + "put down", + "place down" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre", + "depositare", + "posare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sit or seat or be in a settled position or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plank", + "flump", + "plonk", + "plop", + "plunk", + "plump down", + "plunk down", + "plump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set (something or oneself) down with or as if with a noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sow", + "seed" + ], + "it": [ + "seminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (seeds) in or on the ground for future growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broadcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sow over a wide area, especially by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inseminate", + "sow", + "sow in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place seeds in or on (the ground)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seed again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sow by scattering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misplace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or position wrongly; put in the wrong position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juxtapose" + ], + "it": [ + "giustapporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place side by side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or settle into a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bucket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a bucket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in barrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or put on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine or restrict to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillow", + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rest on or as if on a pillow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misplace", + "mislay", + "lose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (something) where one cannot find it again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay with rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stack", + "pile", + "heap" + ], + "it": [ + "accatastare", + "ammucchiare", + "impilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in stacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pile in ricks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stack in cords" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stack" + ], + "it": [ + "accatastare", + "caricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "load or cover with stacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagger", + "distribute" + ], + "it": [ + "impilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to arrange in a systematic order" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pile up", + "heap up", + "stack up" + ], + "it": [ + "accatastare", + "ammonticchiare", + "ammucchiare", + "ammucchiarsi", + "impilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange into piles or stacks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuffle", + "tussle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight or struggle in a confused way at close quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrestle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "praticare la lotta libera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a wrestling match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mudwrestle", + "mud-wrestle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrestle in mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "struggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exert strenuous effort against opposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attract", + "pull", + "pull in", + "draw", + "draw in" + ], + "it": [ + "calamitare", + "polarizzare", + "tirare", + "accentrare", + "allettare", + "attirare", + "attrarre", + "richiamare", + "sedurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "arrest", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "attirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract and fix" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repel", + "drive", + "repulse", + "force back", + "push back", + "beat back" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "respingere", + "scacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move back by force or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw in", + "retract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull inward or towards a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invaginate", + "introvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold inwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intussuscept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introvert or invaginate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurl", + "hurtle", + "cast" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare", + "lanciare", + "sbalestrare", + "scagliare", + "scaraventare", + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "dash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurl or thrust violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurl or throw violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw with great effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pelt", + "bombard" + ], + "it": [ + "bersagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast, hurl, or throw repeatedly with some missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw snowballs at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw eggs at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "buttare", + "lanciare", + "gettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defenestrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw through or out of the window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver", + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or hurl from the mound to the batter, as in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out or be put out by a strikeout" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move rapidly by striking or throwing with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-six", + "throw overboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw from a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw soil toward (a crop row) from both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jettison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw as from an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw", + "flip", + "switch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch on", + "turn on" + ], + "it": [ + "accendere", + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to operate by flipping a switch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "switch off", + "cut", + "turn off", + "turn out" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere", + "spegnere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stop operating by disengaging a switch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engage", + "mesh", + "lock", + "operate" + ], + "it": [ + "ingranare", + "innestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep engaged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep partially engaged by slightly depressing a pedal with the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlock" + ], + "it": [ + "liberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set free or release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disengage", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "disinnestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from something that holds fast, connects, or entangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propel", + "impel" + ], + "it": [ + "sospingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move forward with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "sospingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push, propel, or press with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fling" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare", + "lanciare", + "sbalestrare", + "scagliare", + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw with force or recklessness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "toss", + "sky", + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or toss with a light motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw with an underhand motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or pitch at a mark, as with coins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw back", + "toss back" + ], + "it": [ + "ributtare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw back with a quick, light motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel in a high arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shed", + "cast", + "cast off", + "shake off", + "throw", + "throw off", + "throw away", + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "buttare", + "liberarsi di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall out of the pod or husk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast off in scales, laminae, or splinters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autotomize", + "autotomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a body part to undergo autotomy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "montare", + "rizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect and fasten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp", + "camp down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or set up a camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling", + "catapult" + ], + "it": [ + "catapultare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurl as if with a sling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck", + "toss" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "launch with great force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launch", + "set in motion" + ], + "it": [ + "avviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get going; give impetus to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "launch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "launch for the first time; launch on a maiden voyage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catapult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot forth or launch, as if from a catapult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project", + "send off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw, send, or cast forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skim", + "skip", + "skitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to skip over a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push or shove upward, as if from below or behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet", + "gush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue in a jet; come out in a jet; stream or spring forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force", + "drive", + "ram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force into or from an action or state, either physically or metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe", + "toenail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive obliquely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreathe", + "wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a wreath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate or deck with wreaths" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frost", + "ice" + ], + "it": [ + "glassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with frosting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encrust", + "incrust", + "beset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate or cover lavishly (as with gems)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set, turn, or stand on end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intertwine", + "twine", + "entwine", + "enlace", + "interlace", + "lace" + ], + "it": [ + "intrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spin,wind, or twist together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by twisting together or intertwining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "untwine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo what has been twined together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interlace to form wattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inweave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weave together into a fabric or design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raddle", + "ruddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twist or braid together, interlace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pleach", + "plash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interlace the shoots of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ], + "it": [ + "filare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work natural fibers into a thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weave", + "interweave" + ], + "it": [ + "intessere", + "intrecciare", + "tessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interlace by or as if by weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "variegate by interweaving weft threads of different colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unweave" + ], + "it": [ + "stessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo strands that have been woven together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interweave with tinsel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braid", + "pleach" + ], + "it": [ + "intrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or weave into a braid or braids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with braids or ribbons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbraid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the braids of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancel, annul, or reverse an action or its effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vandalize", + "vandalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy wantonly, as through acts of vandalism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vandalize a car by scratching the sides with a key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unravel", + "unknot", + "unscramble", + "untangle", + "unpick" + ], + "it": [ + "disfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or cause to become undone by separating the fibers or threads of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravel", + "tangle", + "knot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tangle or complicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ravel", + "unravel", + "ravel out" + ], + "it": [ + "districare", + "sbrogliare", + "venire a capo di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disentangle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace", + "lace up" + ], + "it": [ + "allacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw through eyes or holes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lace again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thread" + ], + "it": [ + "infilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass a thread through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "wind up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coil the spring of (some mechanical device) by turning a stem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "wrap", + "roll", + "twine" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotolare", + "avvolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or or coil around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encircle", + "circle" + ], + "it": [ + "cerchiare", + "circondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a circle around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind onto a spool or a reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind onto a cheese" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind onto or off a reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ball" + ], + "it": [ + "aggomitolare", + "raggomitolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a ball by winding or rolling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clue", + "clew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll into a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reel off", + "unreel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwind from or as if from a reel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwind", + "wind off", + "unroll" + ], + "it": [ + "srotolare", + "svolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverse the winding or twisting of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwind", + "disentangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate the tangles of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coil", + "loop", + "curl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind around something in coils or loops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unwind or untwist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam", + "jampack", + "ram", + "chock up", + "cram", + "wad" + ], + "it": [ + "stipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crowd or pack to capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deluge", + "flood", + "inundate", + "swamp" + ], + "it": [ + "allagare", + "inondare", + "invadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill quickly beyond capacity; as with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stuff" + ], + "it": [ + "riempire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cram into a cavity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stuff too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccarsi", + "incantarsi", + "incepparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get stuck and immobilized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malfunction", + "misfunction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to function or function improperly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do double duty; serve two purposes or have two functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "function", + "work", + "operate", + "go", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionare", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform as expected when applied" + ], + "it": [ + "svolgere la propria funzione in modo efficace ed appropriato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin operating or running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be operating, running or functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idle", + "tick over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run disconnected or idle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go on", + "come up", + "come on" + ], + "it": [ + "accendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start running, functioning, or operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go off" + ], + "it": [ + "spegnersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop running, functioning, or operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pad", + "fill out" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "line or stuff with soft material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give (hair) the appearance of being fuller by using a rat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedge", + "squeeze", + "force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze like a wedge into a tight space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislodge", + "bump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or force from a position of dwelling previously occupied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fall off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exorcise", + "exorcize" + ], + "it": [ + "esorcizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel through adjuration or prayers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge", + "wedge", + "stick", + "deposit" + ], + "it": [ + "incuneare", + "infilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put, fix, force, or implant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lounge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit or recline comfortably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislodge", + "free" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or force out from a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implant", + "engraft", + "embed", + "imbed", + "plant" + ], + "it": [ + "puntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix or set securely or deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant by the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dip into mud before planting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "checkrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant in checkrows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pot" + ], + "it": [ + "invasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant in a pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repot" + ], + "it": [ + "svasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a new, usually larger, pot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ], + "it": [ + "impilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit together or fit inside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert or squeeze tightly between two people or objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bury", + "sink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embed deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "countersink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insert (a nail or screw below the surface, as into a countersink)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplant", + "graft" + ], + "it": [ + "innestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place the organ of a donor into the body of a recipient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graft", + "engraft", + "ingraft" + ], + "it": [ + "innestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow together parts from different plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingrain", + "grain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughly work in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrench", + "intrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix firmly or securely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrench", + "dig in" + ], + "it": [ + "trincerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy a trench or secured area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emboss", + "boss", + "stamp" + ], + "it": [ + "sbalzare", + "lavorare a sbalzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise in a relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stamp or emboss a title or design on a book with a block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise the nap of (fabrics)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impress", + "imprint" + ], + "it": [ + "imprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or stamp with or as if with pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot", + "fleck", + "blob", + "blot" + ], + "it": [ + "macchiare", + "sporcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a spot or mark onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blotch or spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove while making clean" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean", + "make clean" + ], + "it": [ + "detergere", + "nettare", + "ripulire", + "pulire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clean by removing dirt, filth, or unwanted substances from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash up", + "do the dishes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash dishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe-clay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whiten or clean with pipe-clay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "houseclean", + "clean house", + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean and tidy up the house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "G.I.", + "GI" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean in preparation for inspection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spring-clean" + ], + "it": [ + "fare le pulizie di primavera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thoroughly clean the entire house, often done only once a year" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scavenge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean refuse from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dirty", + "soil", + "begrime", + "grime", + "colly", + "bemire" + ], + "it": [ + "bruttare", + "imbrattare", + "insozzare", + "insudiciare", + "lordare", + "smerdare", + "sporcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make soiled, filthy, or dirty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil or stain with a splashed liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mire", + "muck", + "mud", + "muck up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil with mud, muck, or mire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soil with or as with crock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean with chemical agents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash", + "launder" + ], + "it": [ + "lavare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cleanse with a cleaning agent, such as soap, and water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash free from unwanted substances, such as dirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pressure-wash", + "powerwash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash before painting to remove old paint and mildew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suds" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash in suds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rinse", + "rinse off" + ], + "it": [ + "risciacquare", + "sciacquare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash off soap or remaining dirt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate dirt or gravel from (precious minerals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan", + "pan out", + "pan off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash dirt in a pan to separate out the precious minerals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash in a cradle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stonewash", + "stone-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash with stones to achieve a worn appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handwash", + "hand-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash or launder by hand instead of with a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine wash", + "machine-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash by machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acid-wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wash with acid so as to achieve a bleached look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarnish", + "stain", + "maculate", + "sully", + "defile" + ], + "it": [ + "appannare", + "appannarsi", + "contaminare", + "disonorare", + "infangare", + "insozzare", + "insudiciare", + "intaccare", + "macchiare", + "offuscarsi", + "sporcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "darken" + ], + "it": [ + "macchiare", + "offuscare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tarnish or stain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defile", + "sully", + "corrupt", + "taint", + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "infamare", + "infangare", + "insudiciare", + "macchiare", + "sporcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place under suspicion or cast doubt upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blemish", + "spot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mar or impair with a flaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speckle", + "bespeckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with small spots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipple", + "speckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a mottled effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatter", + "bespatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spot, splash, or soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become permanently attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blot" + ], + "it": [ + "asciugare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dry (ink) with blotting paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb", + "suck", + "imbibe", + "soak up", + "sop up", + "suck up", + "draw", + "take in", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbire", + "bere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in, also metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absorb as if with a sponge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become imbued" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reabsorb", + "resorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo resorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assimilate", + "imbibe" + ], + "it": [ + "assorbire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (gas, light or heat) into a solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adsorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate (liquids or gases) on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sorb", + "take up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up a liquid or a gas either by adsorption or by absorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aspirate", + "draw out", + "suck out" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove as if by suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in", + "take up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite or merge with something already in existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into or onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mix or add by stirring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "shed", + "disgorge" + ], + "it": [ + "versare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause or allow (a solid substance) to flow or run out or over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "shed", + "pour forth" + ], + "it": [ + "spargere", + "versare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour out in drops or small quantities or as if in drops or small quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to seed; shed seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "slop", + "splatter" + ], + "it": [ + "spargere", + "versare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drape" + ], + "it": [ + "drappeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in a particular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang", + "fall", + "flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or flow in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang down so as to drag along the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place casually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit", + "sit down" + ], + "it": [ + "sedere", + "sedersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be seated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit or lie with one's limbs spread out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread-eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand with arms and legs spread out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch", + "roost", + "rest" + ], + "it": [ + "accovacciarsi", + "appollaiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit, as on a branch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat", + "sit", + "sit down" + ], + "it": [ + "far accomodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show to a seat; assign a seat for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in or on a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unseat" + ], + "it": [ + "disarcionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislodge from one's seat, as from a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show to a different seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay", + "put down", + "repose" + ], + "it": [ + "coricare", + "posare", + "sdraiare", + "stendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in a horizontal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay eggs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squat", + "crouch", + "scrunch", + "scrunch up", + "hunker", + "hunker down" + ], + "it": [ + "accoccolarsi", + "accovacciarsi", + "acquattarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit on one's heels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kneel" + ], + "it": [ + "genuflettersi", + "inginocchiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rest one's weight on one's knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not move; be in a resting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand", + "stand up" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be standing; be upright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand with arms or forelegs raised, as if menacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand away from an object or person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand", + "stand up", + "place upright" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into an upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie" + ], + "it": [ + "distendere", + "essere", + "giacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be lying, be prostrate; be in a horizontal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recumb", + "repose", + "recline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lean in a comfortable resting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to recline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie upon; lie on top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie awake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie without sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie when dead" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be exposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buckle", + "clasp" + ], + "it": [ + "affibbiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a buckle or buckles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbuckle" + ], + "it": [ + "sfibbiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the buckle of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brooch", + "clasp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with or as if with a brooch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erase", + "rub out", + "score out", + "efface", + "wipe off" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by or as if by rubbing or erasing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erase with a sponge; as of words on a blackboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delete", + "cancel" + ], + "it": [ + "cancellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or make invisible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "scratch", + "expunge", + "excise" + ], + "it": [ + "espungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scratch out", + "cut out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike or cancel by or as if by rubbing or crossing out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deface", + "disfigure", + "blemish" + ], + "it": [ + "deformare", + "deturpare", + "sfigurare", + "sfregiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mar or spoil the appearance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissect" + ], + "it": [ + "anatomizzare", + "dissecare", + "sezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut open or cut apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vivisect" + ], + "it": [ + "vivisezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut (a body) open while still alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anatomize", + "anatomise" + ], + "it": [ + "anatomizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissect in order to analyze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bisect" + ], + "it": [ + "bisecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut in half or cut in two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut across or divide transversely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trisect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut in three" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scar", + "mark", + "pock", + "pit" + ], + "it": [ + "sfregiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a scar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pockmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with or as if with pockmarks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cicatrize", + "cicatrise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a scar, after an injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculpt", + "sculpture", + "grave" + ], + "it": [ + "scolpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape (a material like stone or wood) by whittling away at it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whittle", + "pare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut small bits or pare shavings from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whittle away", + "whittle down", + "wear away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut away in small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate with or as if with an instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ], + "it": [ + "rapare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut short" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut unevenly with a chattering tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by cutting off or away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut away the underpart of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut away material from the underside of (an object) so as to leave an overhanging portion in relief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tomahawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a tomahawk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabre", + "saber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or injure with a saber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form and create by cutting out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die", + "die out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or shape with a die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a rebate in (timber or stone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give (stone) a rustic look" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide a deck of cards at random into two parts to make selection difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut grain with a cradle scythe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an incision into by carving or cutting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or carve deeply into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock", + "tail", + "bob" + ], + "it": [ + "mozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or shorten the tail of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to separate or be separated by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleave", + "split", + "rive" + ], + "it": [ + "rompere", + "spaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "disunite", + "divide", + "part" + ], + "it": [ + "disgiungere", + "disunire", + "dividere", + "separare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force, take, or pull apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (meat) at the joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate from a clinch, in boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "divide", + "part" + ], + "it": [ + "squarciarsi", + "staccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide from the main body or mass and collect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide or split up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo meiosis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by cutting into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a slit into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slit", + "slice" + ], + "it": [ + "tagliare", + "tagliare di netto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a clean cut through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into gores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacerate" + ], + "it": [ + "lacerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut or tear irregularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lacerate by biting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saw" + ], + "it": [ + "segare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut with a saw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipsaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "saw with a whipsaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splice" + ], + "it": [ + "giuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join by interweaving strands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join together so as to form new genetic combinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splice" + ], + "it": [ + "giuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join the ends of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fleece", + "shear" + ], + "it": [ + "tosare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shear the wool from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mince" + ], + "it": [ + "sminuzzare", + "tritare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut into small pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discerp", + "sever", + "lop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut off from a whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sever", + "break up" + ], + "it": [ + "rompere", + "troncare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or keep apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collide", + "clash" + ], + "it": [ + "scontrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crash together with violent impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collide or strike violently and suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit (a tennis ball) in a powerful overhead stroke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collide violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "ram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo damage or destruction on impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash", + "break up", + "break apart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break violently or noisily; smash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to crash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crash into so as to coil around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collide" + ], + "it": [ + "cozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to collide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crash or crash-land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segment", + "section" + ], + "it": [ + "frazionare", + "segmentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into segments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syllabify", + "syllabicate", + "syllabize", + "syllabise" + ], + "it": [ + "dividere in sillabe", + "sillabare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into syllables" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter" + ], + "it": [ + "squartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partition", + "partition off" + ], + "it": [ + "dividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into parts, pieces, or sections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pound", + "pound off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "partition off into compartments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroy", + "ruin" + ], + "it": [ + "distruggere", + "rovinare", + "sciupare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely; damage irreparably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do a job on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely or make ugly or useless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subvert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "potere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome or destroy" + ], + "it": [ + "avere il permesso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devour" + ], + "it": [ + "annientare", + "divorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape", + "spoil", + "despoil", + "violate", + "plunder" + ], + "it": [ + "saccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy and strip of its possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "explode" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy by exploding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bust up", + "wreck", + "wrack" + ], + "it": [ + "distruggere", + "scassare", + "sfasciare", + "rovinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smash or break forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to ruins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang up", + "smash up", + "smash" + ], + "it": [ + "fracassare", + "sfasciare", + "sfracellare", + "sgangherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "damage or destroy as if by violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uproot", + "extirpate", + "deracinate", + "root out" + ], + "it": [ + "estirpare", + "sradicare", + "stirpare", + "strappare", + "svellere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull up by or as if by the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull up (weeds) by their roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "interrare", + "mettere", + "piantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (plants) in a prepared bed of soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dibble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with a wooden hand tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afforest", + "forest" + ], + "it": [ + "imboschire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish a forest on previously unforested land" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-afforest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reestablish a forest after clear-cutting or fire, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reforest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forest anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother", + "stifle", + "strangle", + "muffle", + "repress" + ], + "it": [ + "reprimere", + "soffocare", + "spegnere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceal or hide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother", + "surround" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "envelop completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother", + "put out" + ], + "it": [ + "soffocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of the oxygen necessary for combustion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother", + "asphyxiate", + "suffocate" + ], + "it": [ + "asfissiare", + "soffocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "install", + "instal", + "put in", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "impiantare", + "installare", + "istallare", + "mettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up for use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit in or on an existing structure, such as an older house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "install", + "instal", + "set up", + "establish" + ], + "it": [ + "installare", + "istallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinstall" + ], + "it": [ + "reinstallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "install again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post", + "put up" + ], + "it": [ + "affiggere", + "appendere", + "attaccare", + "esporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place so as to be noticed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke", + "gag", + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be too tight; rub or press" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke", + "scrag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wring the neck of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strangle", + "strangulate", + "throttle" + ], + "it": [ + "strangolare", + "strozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by squeezing the throat of so as to cut off the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decapitate", + "behead", + "decollate" + ], + "it": [ + "decapitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the head of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guillotine" + ], + "it": [ + "decapitarlo", + "ghigliottinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by cutting the head off with a guillotine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garrote", + "garrotte", + "garotte", + "scrag" + ], + "it": [ + "garrotare", + "garrottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strangle with an iron collar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impale", + "stake" + ], + "it": [ + "impalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by piercing with a spear or sharp pole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismember" + ], + "it": [ + "smembrare", + "squartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate the limbs from the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tear into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismember", + "take apart", + "discerp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strain", + "tense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become stretched or tense or taut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clench", + "clinch" + ], + "it": [ + "stringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold in a tight grasp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold a boxing opponent with one or both arms so as to prevent punches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rend", + "rip", + "rive", + "pull" + ], + "it": [ + "lacerare", + "lacerarsi", + "squarciare", + "squarciarsi", + "stracciarsi", + "strappare", + "strapparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tear or be torn violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear", + "rupture", + "snap", + "bust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate or cause to separate abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shred", + "tear up", + "rip up" + ], + "it": [ + "stracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tear into shreds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to small shreds or pulverize by rubbing against a rough or sharp perforated surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grapple", + "grip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to grip or seize, as in a wrestling match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamp down", + "tamp", + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press down tightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press down", + "depress" + ], + "it": [ + "schiacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower", + "depress" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassare", + "ridurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to drop or sink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ram", + "ram down", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "ficcare", + "piantare", + "speronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike or drive against with a heavy impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulldoze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flatten with or as if with a bulldozer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punch" + ], + "it": [ + "forare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive forcibly as if by a punch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situate", + "fix", + "posit", + "deposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (something somewhere) firmly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deposit anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop", + "browse", + "graze", + "range", + "pasture" + ], + "it": [ + "pascere", + "pascolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed as in a meadow or pasture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop", + "graze", + "pasture" + ], + "it": [ + "pascere", + "pascolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let feed in a field or pasture or meadow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive slowly and far afield for grazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cushion", + "buffer", + "soften" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortizzare", + "attenuare", + "attutire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "protect from impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunk", + "dip", + "souse", + "plunge", + "douse" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare", + "immergere", + "intingere", + "inumidire", + "inzuppare", + "tuffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immerse briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or saturate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dip into liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immerse", + "plunge" + ], + "it": [ + "immergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrust or throw into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plunge (one's hand or a receptacle) into a container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "immerse in a disinfectant solution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submerge", + "submerse" + ], + "it": [ + "immergere", + "sommergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soak" + ], + "it": [ + "immergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerge in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plunge or bury (a knife or sword) in flesh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladle", + "lade", + "laden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove with or as if with a ladle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ladle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (a liquid) into a container by means of a ladle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take hold of something and move it to a different location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitchfork", + "fork" + ], + "it": [ + "inforcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift with a pitchfork" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ladle clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scoop up or take up with a spoon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfold", + "spread", + "spread out", + "open" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "bordare", + "dispiegare", + "distendere", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread out or open from a closed or folded state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divaricate" + ], + "it": [ + "allargare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exfoliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread by opening the leaves of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread out clothes on the grass to let it dry and bleach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envelop", + "enfold", + "enwrap", + "wrap", + "enclose" + ], + "it": [ + "avvolgere", + "inviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose or enfold completely with or as if with a covering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or enclose in a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsule", + "capsulate", + "capsulize", + "capsulise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engulf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow over or cover completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheathe" + ], + "it": [ + "inguainare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with a sheath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsheathe" + ], + "it": [ + "evaginare", + "sfoderare", + "sguainare", + "snudare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw from a sheath or scabbard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a protective sheathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invaginate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sheathe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrap in or as if in a cocoon, as for protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bathe" + ], + "it": [ + "bagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffuse with or as if with light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shroud", + "enshroud", + "hide", + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover as if with a shroud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immerse", + "swallow", + "swallow up", + "bury", + "eat up" + ], + "it": [ + "inghiottire", + "ingoiare", + "risucchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose or envelop completely, as if by swallowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace", + "draw", + "line", + "describe", + "delineate" + ], + "it": [ + "delineare", + "disegnare", + "schizzare", + "tirare", + "tracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a mark or lines on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construct" + ], + "it": [ + "costruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw with suitable instruments and under specified conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inscribe" + ], + "it": [ + "inscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw within a figure so as to touch in as many places as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumscribe" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a line around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumscribe" + ], + "it": [ + "circoscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to draw a geometric figure around another figure so that the two are in contact but do not intersect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a groove into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bevel", + "chamfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a bevel on; shape to a bevel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bevel the edges of, to make a miter joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make cone-shaped" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shove" + ], + "it": [ + "spintonare", + "spingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make formless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brecciate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into breccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide so as to form a network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into flakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strickle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "level off with a strickle in a measuring container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inject", + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force or drive (a fluid or gas) into by piercing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extricate", + "untangle", + "disentangle", + "disencumber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from entanglement of difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tamper", + "fiddle", + "monkey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play around with or alter or falsify, usually secretively or dishonestly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toy", + "fiddle", + "diddle", + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "gingillarsi", + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm", + "force" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick in", + "kick down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame", + "frame in", + "border" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in or as if in a frame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclose", + "close in", + "inclose", + "shut in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass", + "glass in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dike", + "dyke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with a dike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encapsulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a capsule or other small container" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence", + "fence in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with a fence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rope in", + "rope off", + "cordon off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide by means of a rope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag", + "label", + "mark" + ], + "it": [ + "contrassegnare", + "distinguere", + "etichettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a tag or label to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand", + "trademark", + "brandmark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a brand or trademark" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark (a psalm text) to indicate the points at which the music changes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with diacritics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark (Hebrew words) with diacritics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calibrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark (the scale of a measuring instrument) so that it can be read in the desired units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "code" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnare un codice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach a code to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "badge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a badge on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean on", + "rest on", + "lean against" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rest on for support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch", + "piece" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to join or unite the pieces of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp", + "vamp up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "piece (something old) with a new part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "core" + ], + "it": [ + "togliere il torsolo a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the core or center from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the guts of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the head of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "empty completely; destroy the inside of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk", + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or toss with a quick motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick", + "ruffle", + "riffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twitch or flutter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake", + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with a stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affix in a public place or for public notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "placard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "post in a public place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie or fasten to a stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yank", + "jerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull, or move with a sudden movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull or lift up with or as if with a winch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pluck", + "tweak", + "pull off", + "pick off" + ], + "it": [ + "levare", + "strappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull or pull out sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pinch or squeeze sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw off", + "draw away", + "pull off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove by drawing or pulling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pluck with tweezers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hike up", + "hitch up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pry", + "prise", + "prize", + "lever", + "jimmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move or force, especially in an effort to get something open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gap", + "breach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an opening or gap in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "sweep", + "swing out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a big sweeping gesture or movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squash", + "crush", + "squelch", + "mash", + "squeeze" + ], + "it": [ + "maciullare", + "pestare", + "schiacciare", + "spiaccicare", + "spremere", + "stritolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crush or grind with a heavy instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroller" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crush with a steamroller as if to level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ], + "it": [ + "pigiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crush as if by treading on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "telescope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crush together or collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crunch", + "cranch", + "craunch", + "grind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press or grind with a crushing noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank", + "crank up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotate with a crank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solder" + ], + "it": [ + "saldare", + "stagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join or fuse with solder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip solder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solder by immersion in a bath of molten solder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soft-solder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repair with soft-solder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braze" + ], + "it": [ + "brasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solder together by using hard solder with a high melting point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weld" + ], + "it": [ + "saldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join together by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spotweld", + "spot-weld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make circular welds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butt-weld", + "buttweld" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join by a butt weld" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comb" + ], + "it": [ + "pettinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straighten with a comb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "currycomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clean (a horse) with a currycomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heckle", + "hackle", + "hatchel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "comb with a heckle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag down", + "bear down", + "bear down on", + "press down on", + "weigh down" + ], + "it": [ + "opprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert a force with a heavy weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or propel in a specific direction or towards a specific objective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dunk shot, in basketball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam-dunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a slam dunk; shoot a basketball in a slam dunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the opening shot that scatters the balls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a chip shot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit before it touches the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a carom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot in one stroke under par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eagle", + "double birdie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot two strokes under par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double bogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to shoot two strokes over par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bogey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to shoot in one stroke over par" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unwire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undo the wiring of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "string on a wire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carburet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine with carbon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "casket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a casket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chemisorb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up a substance by chemisorption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crape", + "crepe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or drape with crape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coapt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit tightly and fasten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coapt", + "conglutinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to adhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concrete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with cement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a corral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch a player while he is holding the ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tag the base runner to get him out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "croquet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive away by hitting with one's ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosscut", + "cut across" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut using a diagonal line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip" + ], + "it": [ + "segare secondo la fibra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut (wood) along the grain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "carry", + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support or hold in a certain manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold or carry in a sling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry oneself, often habitually, with head, shoulders, and upper back bent forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support on the back and shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haul by railroad car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haul truck trailers loaded with commodities on railroad cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poise", + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciare", + "tenere in equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold or carry in equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold with difficulty and balance insecurely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be balanced or suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacklead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with graphite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control with a valve or other device that functions like a gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with grass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with gravel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macadamize", + "macadamise", + "tarmac" + ], + "it": [ + "macadamizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surface with macadam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limber", + "limber up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach the limber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with lime so as to induce growth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open by piercing with a lancet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick or strike high in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce with a lance, as in a knights' fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lasso", + "rope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch with a lasso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten or join with a joggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fare giochi di destrezza con" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw, catch, and keep in the air several things simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "martyr" + ], + "it": [ + "martirizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill as a martyr" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot a marble while keeping one's knuckles on the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knuckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press or rub with the knuckles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover like a mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ooze through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run slowly and gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sop", + "soak through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become thoroughly soaked or saturated with a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear or destroy by the force of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlock", + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become engaged or intermeshed with one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fortify", + "fort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose by or as if by a fortification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortify by surrounding with trenches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lean or incline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock", + "interlock", + "interlace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold in a locking position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold or catch as if in a trap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond", + "bring together", + "draw together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring together in a common cause or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring together all the elements or parts of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "incassare", + "incastonare", + "montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fix in a border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap" + ], + "it": [ + "schiaffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put quickly or forcibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hem in" + ], + "it": [ + "accerchiare", + "imbottigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround in a restrictive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mound over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form mounds over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with, or as if with, a toggle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "girdle", + "deaden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut a girdle around so as to kill by interrupting the circulation of water and nutrients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or provide with or as if with straw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graze" + ], + "it": [ + "escoriare", + "sbucciare", + "scorticare", + "spellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break the skin (of a body part) by scraping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean", + "strip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove all contents or possession from, or empty completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive wholly of money in a gambling game, robbery, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick at", + "pluck at", + "pull at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pluck or pull at with the fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retract", + "pull back", + "draw back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a surgical instrument to hold open (the edges of a wound or an organ)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull towards oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ], + "it": [ + "poggiare", + "puggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put something in a resting position, as for support or steadying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or stiffen or glaze a porous material with size or sizing (a glutinous substance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy the completeness of a set of related items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange for smaller units of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an incision or separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow incision or separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "function as a cutting instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to perch or sit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoist" + ], + "it": [ + "issare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from one place to another by lifting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dribble", + "drip", + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "sgocciolare", + "stillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let or cause to fall in drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread" + ], + "it": [ + "spalmare", + "spandere", + "stendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute over a surface in a layer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover by spreading something over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load" + ], + "it": [ + "caricare", + "imbarcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (something) on a structure or conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put something somewhere so that the space is completely filled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or dress loosely with cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dust" + ], + "it": [ + "spolverare", + "spolverizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover with a light dusting of a substance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affix conspicuously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plaster", + "beplaster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover conspicuously or thickly, as by pasting something on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a position that will restore a normal state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siphon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move a liquid from one container into another by means of a siphon or a siphoning action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (a liquid) into a container or another place by means of a squirting action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pierce in order to draw a liquid from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut and spread open, as in preparation for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gradate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange according to grades" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten into place by fixing an end or point into something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with or as with pins or nails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fasten with an adhesive material like glue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect to a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover, plate, or edge with steel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge", + "hedge in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose or bound in with or as it with a hedge or hedges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinder or restrict with or as if with a hedge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ligate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join letters in a ligature when writing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put out", + "retire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be out on a fielding play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metalize", + "metallize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "platinize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with metallic platinum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "porcelainize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with porcelain or a porcelain-like surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zinc" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat or cover with zinc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put away", + "put aside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop using" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shed blood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plant with trees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unblock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear or remove an obstruction from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disperse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (light) into spectral rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurl a cricket ball from one end of the pitch towards the batsman at the other end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or attach firmly in or on a base" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clothe", + "cloak", + "drape", + "robe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover as if with clothing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "create" + ], + "it": [ + "creare", + "essere", + "fare", + "preparare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or cause to be or to become" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make tracks upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "institute", + "bring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance or set forth in court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring in or establish in a new place or environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-circuit", + "short" + ], + "it": [ + "cortocircuitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create a short circuit in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create or design, often in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmake", + "undo" + ], + "it": [ + "disfare", + "rovinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of certain characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-create" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remake", + "refashion", + "redo", + "make over" + ], + "it": [ + "rifare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destroy", + "destruct" + ], + "it": [ + "annientare", + "annullare", + "disfare", + "distruggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "self-destruct", + "self-destroy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with oneself or itself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destruct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy (one's own missile or rocket)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an end to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fracture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt, break, or destroy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wipe out", + "sweep away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate completely and without a trace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interdict" + ], + "it": [ + "interdire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy by firepower, such as an enemy's line of communication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "make", + "create" + ], + "it": [ + "fare", + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create or manufacture a man-made product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefabricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce synthetically, artificially, or stereotypically and unoriginally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underproduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce below capacity or demand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "output" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to create or manufacture a specific amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse", + "pulsate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or modulate (as electromagnetic waves) in the form of short bursts or pulses or cause an apparatus to produce pulses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap up", + "clap together", + "slap together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make hastily and carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "custom-make", + "customize", + "customise", + "tailor-make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make to specifications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dummy", + "dummy up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dummy of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce quickly or regularly, usually with machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn, shape, mold, or otherwise finish by machinery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape or form by grinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "created by grinding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or cut out with a mold, form, or die" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to puddling or form by puddling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape by beating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churn out" + ], + "it": [ + "produrre", + "sfornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce something at a fast rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overproduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce in excess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elaborate" + ], + "it": [ + "elaborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce from basic elements or sources; change into a more developed product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out considerable effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "laminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create laminate by bonding sheets of material with a bonding material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass-produce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce on a large scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootleg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or distribute illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compose", + "compile" + ], + "it": [ + "redigere", + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put together out of existing material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confect", + "confection", + "comfit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a confection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cobble together", + "cobble up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put together hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anthologize", + "anthologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compile an anthology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catalogue", + "catalog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a catalogue, compile a catalogue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compile" + ], + "it": [ + "compilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a computer program to translate source code written in a particular programming language into computer-readable machine code that can be executed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generate", + "bring forth" + ], + "it": [ + "generare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forth, usually something desirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "generate gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "generate" + ], + "it": [ + "generare", + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce (energy)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originate", + "initiate", + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply or start" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render", + "yield", + "return", + "give", + "generate" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "produrre", + "fruttare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or supply" + ], + "it": [ + "dare come frutto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "yield" + ], + "it": [ + "dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to happen or be responsible for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring", + "work", + "play", + "wreak", + "make for" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to happen or to occur as a consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "conjure", + "conjure up", + "invoke", + "evoke", + "stir", + "call down", + "arouse", + "bring up", + "put forward", + "call forth" + ], + "it": [ + "suscitare", + "evocare", + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educe", + "evoke", + "elicit", + "extract", + "draw out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extort", + "wring from" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or cause to become in a difficult or laborious manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pry", + "prise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an uninvited or presumptuous inquiry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regenerate", + "renew" + ], + "it": [ + "rallacciare", + "riallacciare", + "rannodare", + "riannodare", + "rinnovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create by mental act", + "create mentally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create mentally and abstractly rather than with one's hands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give birth" + ], + "it": [ + "creare", + "figliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create or produce an idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schematize" + ], + "it": [ + "schematizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formulate in regular order; to reduce to a scheme or formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invent", + "contrive", + "devise", + "excogitate", + "formulate", + "forge" + ], + "it": [ + "architettare", + "concepire", + "congegnare", + "escogitare", + "ideare", + "inventare", + "formulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project", + "cast", + "contrive", + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or send forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare according to a formula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gestate", + "conceive", + "conceptualize", + "conceptualise" + ], + "it": [ + "concepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the idea for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceive or fashion in the mind; invent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preconceive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conceive beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think up", + "think of", + "dream up", + "hatch", + "concoct" + ], + "it": [ + "escogitare", + "ideare", + "inventare", + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devise or invent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fabricate", + "manufacture", + "cook up", + "make up", + "invent" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbricare", + "ideare", + "inventare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up something artificial or untrue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mythologize", + "mythologise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct a myth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confabulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unconsciously replace fact with fantasy in one's memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump up", + "concoct" + ], + "it": [ + "architettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fictionalize", + "fictionalise", + "retell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into fiction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visualize", + "visualise", + "envision", + "project", + "fancy", + "see", + "figure", + "picture", + "image" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind" + ], + "it": [ + "costruire l'immagine mentale di una situazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visualize", + "visualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a mental picture of something that is invisible or abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envision", + "foresee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "picture to oneself; imagine possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imagine", + "conceive of", + "ideate", + "envisage" + ], + "it": [ + "concepire", + "immaginare", + "pensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasize", + "fantasise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "portray in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefigure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imagine or consider beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "think" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imagine or visualize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fantasy", + "fantasize", + "fantasise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulge in fantasies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream", + "daydream", + "woolgather", + "stargaze" + ], + "it": [ + "almanaccare", + "sognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a daydream; indulge in a fantasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discover", + "find" + ], + "it": [ + "scoprire", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a discovery, make a new finding" + ], + "it": [ + "effettuare una scoperta di valore scientifico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plan", + "project", + "contrive", + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "concertare", + "progettare", + "concepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or work out a plan for; devise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devise the sequence of events in (a literary work or a play, movie, or ballet)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contrive (a plan) by mutual agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mint", + "coin", + "strike" + ], + "it": [ + "coniare", + "stampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by stamping, punching, or printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a web by making a thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up a story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatchcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interpolate or insert (words) into a sentence or story" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design", + "plan" + ], + "it": [ + "progettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redesign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "design anew, make a new design for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by artistic means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "progettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry through", + "accomplish", + "execute", + "carry out", + "action", + "fulfill", + "fulfil" + ], + "it": [ + "assolvere", + "attuare", + "compiere", + "concretizzare", + "effettuare", + "eseguire", + "espletare", + "esplicare", + "realizzare", + "svolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to bring (a necessary but unpleasant task) to an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consummate" + ], + "it": [ + "perfezionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make perfect; bring to perfection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consummate" + ], + "it": [ + "consumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fulfill sexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiate", + "pioneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "introduce", + "innovate" + ], + "it": [ + "instaurare", + "istaurare", + "trapiantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring something new to an environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect", + "effectuate", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "provocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip", + "actuate", + "trigger", + "activate", + "set off", + "spark off", + "spark", + "trigger off", + "touch off" + ], + "it": [ + "attivare", + "innescare", + "scatenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in motion or move to act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induce", + "bring on" + ], + "it": [ + "indurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to arise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring about abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induce", + "stimulate", + "rush", + "hasten" + ], + "it": [ + "indurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to occur rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realize", + "realise", + "actualize", + "actualise", + "substantiate" + ], + "it": [ + "realizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make real or concrete; give reality or substance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incarnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make concrete and real" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disincarnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make immaterial; remove the real essence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pioneer", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open up an area or prepare a way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause", + "do", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "causare", + "arrecare", + "cagionare", + "motivare", + "occasionare", + "proccurare", + "procurare", + "produrre", + "recare", + "suscitare", + "provocare", + "sviluppare", + "fare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel somebody to do something, often against his own will or judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occasion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give occasion to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply the inspiration for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provoke", + "evoke", + "call forth", + "kick up" + ], + "it": [ + "provocare", + "scatenare", + "suscitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evoke or provoke to appear or occur" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establish", + "found", + "plant", + "constitute", + "institute" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "erigere", + "fondare", + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up or lay the groundwork for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix" + ], + "it": [ + "designare", + "fissare", + "decidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or place definitely" + ], + "it": [ + "stabilire, definire qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establish", + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "conferire", + "dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring about" + ], + "it": [ + "provocare a qualcuno o qualcosa una certa qualità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fight violence and try to establish peace in (a location)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage", + "arrange" + ], + "it": [ + "allestire", + "inscenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan, organize, and carry out (an event)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogfight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange for an illegal dogfight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange by concord or agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tee up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make detailed arrangements or preparations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prearrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in phases or stages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engender", + "breed", + "spawn" + ], + "it": [ + "far nascere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mount" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put up or launch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mount", + "put on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rerun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rerun a performance of a play, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play riffs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play incorrectly, e.g., play a wrong note" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put on", + "turn in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out (performances)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motivate", + "actuate", + "propel", + "move", + "prompt", + "incite" + ], + "it": [ + "consigliare", + "incentivare", + "motivare", + "stimolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an incentive for action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impel", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "sospingere", + "costringere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge or force (a person) to an action; constrain or motivate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "start up", + "embark on", + "commence" + ], + "it": [ + "avviare", + "incominciare", + "iniziare", + "intraprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get off the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound off", + "strike up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start playing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertake", + "set about", + "attempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter upon an activity or enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organize", + "organise", + "prepare", + "devise", + "get up", + "machinate" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzare", + "programmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange by systematic planning and united effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare or position for action or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear", + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear seeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i29999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fruit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to bear fruit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create from raw material", + "create from raw stuff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make from scratch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manufacture", + "fabricate", + "construct" + ], + "it": [ + "costruire", + "fabbricare", + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put together out of artificial or natural components or parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by shaping or bringing together constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a raft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge", + "fake", + "counterfeit" + ], + "it": [ + "contraffare", + "falsificare", + "imitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a copy of with the intent to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construct", + "build", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "congegnare", + "costruire", + "fabbricare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by combining materials and parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dry-wall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct with drywall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build locks in order to facilitate the navigation of vessels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build", + "establish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build or establish something abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build of or with wattle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame", + "frame up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct by fitting or uniting parts together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebuild", + "reconstruct" + ], + "it": [ + "ricostruire", + "riedificare", + "rifabbricare", + "rifondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build with groins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantilever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct with girders and beams such that only one end is fixed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demolish", + "pulverize", + "pulverise" + ], + "it": [ + "demolire", + "distruggere", + "smantellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assemble", + "piece", + "put together", + "set up", + "tack", + "tack together" + ], + "it": [ + "assemblare", + "montare", + "raccogliere", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by putting components or members together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumble", + "confuse", + "mix up" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere", + "mescolare", + "mischiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assemble without order or sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassemble" + ], + "it": [ + "rimontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assemble once again, after taking something apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "configure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up for a particular purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by mixing or combining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disassemble", + "dismantle", + "take apart", + "break up", + "break apart" + ], + "it": [ + "smantellare", + "smontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take apart into its constituent pieces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fashion", + "forge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make out of components (often in an improvising manner)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by tying pieces together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recast", + "reforge", + "remodel" + ], + "it": [ + "rimodernare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast or model anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "craft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by hand and with much skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handcraft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something by hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cooper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make barrels and casks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shape", + "form", + "work", + "mold", + "mould", + "forge" + ], + "it": [ + "creare", + "foggiare", + "fucinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something, usually for a specific function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or shape beforehand or determine the shape of beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a shape resembling the final, desired one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a rounded elevation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mound over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a mound over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a hill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roughcast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reshape", + "remold" + ], + "it": [ + "rimaneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape again or shape differently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (candle wicks) into hot, liquid wax" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sinter" + ], + "it": [ + "sinterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (ores or powdery metals) to become a coherent mass by heating without melting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "erect", + "rear", + "set up", + "put up" + ], + "it": [ + "costruire", + "dirizzare", + "drizzare", + "elevare", + "erigere", + "fabbricare", + "innalzare", + "rizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct, build, or erect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin, or enable someone else to begin, a venture by providing the means, logistics, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erect or construct, especially as a temporary measure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "level", + "raze", + "rase", + "dismantle", + "tear down", + "take down", + "pull down" + ], + "it": [ + "demolire", + "smantellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tear down so as to make flat with the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uproot", + "eradicate", + "extirpate", + "root out", + "exterminate" + ], + "it": [ + "divellere", + "estirpare", + "evellere", + "spiantare", + "sradicare", + "stirpare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy completely, as if down to the roots" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dilapidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into a condition of decay or partial ruin by neglect or misuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press", + "press out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press from a plastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast", + "mold", + "mould" + ], + "it": [ + "colare", + "fondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by pouring (e.g., wax or hot metal) into a cast or mold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recast", + "remold", + "remould" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sand cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour molten metal into a mold of sand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make on a potter's wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handbuild", + "hand-build", + "coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make without a potter's wheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bake" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare with dry heat in an oven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare by brewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cook", + "fix", + "ready", + "make", + "prepare" + ], + "it": [ + "preparare", + "cuocere", + "cucinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for eating by applying heat" + ], + "it": [ + "utilizzare una fonte di calore per preparare un cibo in modo che possa essere mangiato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deglaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dissolve cooking juices or solid food in (a pan) by adding liquid and stirring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop", + "escallop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bake in a sauce, milk, etc., often with breadcrumbs on top" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flambe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour liquor over and ignite (a dish)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandwich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a sandwich" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on the stove or ready for cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spatchcock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for eating if or as if a spatchcock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat or stuff with a spicy paste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cook" + ], + "it": [ + "cucinare", + "fare da mangiare", + "preparare da mangiare", + "stare ai fornelli" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare a hot meal" + ], + "it": [ + "essere occupato nell'attività di preparere pasti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cook beforehand so that the actual preparation won't take long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip up", + "whomp up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare or cook quickly or hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concoct", + "cook up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare or cook by mixing ingredients" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sew", + "tailor", + "tailor-make" + ], + "it": [ + "cucire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create (clothes) with cloth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by sewing together quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "tailor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "style and tailor in a certain fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "style" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make consistent with a certain fashion or style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alter" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiustare", + "modificare", + "mutare", + "riadattare", + "sistemare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an alteration to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by stitching together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stitch or sew together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroider", + "broider" + ], + "it": [ + "ricamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with needlework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faggot", + "fagot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ornament or join (fabric) by faggot stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover and decorate with objects that pierce the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embroider with gold or silver thread" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "edge or border with gold or silver embroidery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illustrate" + ], + "it": [ + "illustrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with illustrations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work", + "work on", + "process" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape, form, or improve a material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll, press, forge, or shape (metal) while hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coldwork", + "cold work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape (metal) without heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwork" + ], + "it": [ + "esaurire", + "sfruttare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rework", + "make over", + "retread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use again in altered form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work on a rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work with a tool" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garland" + ], + "it": [ + "inghirlandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn with bands of flowers or leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fledge", + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with feathers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spangle", + "bespangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with spangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with flags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caparison", + "bard", + "barde", + "dress up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a caparison on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate by sewing beads onto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trim with piping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "applique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew on as a decoration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "macrame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make knotted patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knit" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare a maglia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (textiles) by knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "knit with a purl stitch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast on" + ], + "it": [ + "avviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the first row of stitches when knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make the last row of stitches when knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form vertical ribs by knitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purl stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make with purl stitches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knit", + "entwine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tie or link together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "web", + "net" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct or form a web, as if by weaving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weave on a loom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crochet", + "hook" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare all'uncinetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a piece of needlework by interlocking and looping thread with a hooked needle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crochet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by looping or crocheting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shell stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by shell stitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double crochet", + "double stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by double stitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single crochet", + "single stitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by single stitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop", + "intertwine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loop in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "noose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a noose in or of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knot" + ], + "it": [ + "annodare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into knots; make knots out of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weave", + "tissue" + ], + "it": [ + "tessere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create a piece of cloth by interlacing strands of fabric, such as wool or cotton" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brocade" + ], + "it": [ + "broccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weave a design into (textiles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do lacework" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tat", + "intertwine" + ], + "it": [ + "intessere", + "intrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make lacework by knotting or looping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "braid", + "lace", + "plait" + ], + "it": [ + "intrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by braiding or interlacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weave diagonal lines into (textiles)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce by ignition or a blow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge", + "hammer" + ], + "it": [ + "battere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by hammering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hammer into thin flat foils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dropforge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forge with a dropforge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extrude", + "squeeze out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or shape by forcing through an opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorate", + "adorn", + "grace", + "ornament", + "embellish", + "beautify" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellire", + "adornare", + "decorare", + "fregiare", + "ornare", + "pavesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gild the lily", + "paint the lily" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn unnecessarily (something that is already beautiful)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vermiculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with wavy or winding lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embellish by sewing in straight lines crossing each other diagonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate or furnish with something suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dress or decorate showily or gaudily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn with tinsel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tart up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate in a cheap and flashy way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stucco" + ], + "it": [ + "stuccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with stucco work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redecorate" + ], + "it": [ + "ristrutturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "redo the decoration of an apartment or house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with panels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bejewel", + "jewel" + ], + "it": [ + "ingioiellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn or decorate with precious stones" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fillet", + "filet" + ], + "it": [ + "filettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with a lace of geometric designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scallop" + ], + "it": [ + "smerlare", + "smerlettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate an edge with scallops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bedizen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate tastelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate a ship with flags" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim", + "garnish", + "dress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate (food), as with parsley or other ornamental foods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lard" + ], + "it": [ + "lardare", + "lardellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare or cook with lard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim" + ], + "it": [ + "decorare", + "guarnire", + "guernire", + "ornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate, as with ornaments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck", + "bedight", + "bedeck" + ], + "it": [ + "adornare", + "pavesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deck with a plume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "festoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with strings of flowers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensualize", + "carnalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent materialistically, as in a painting or a sculpture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silhouette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent by a silhouette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "animalize", + "animalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent in the form of an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent in profile, by drawing or painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finger-paint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply colors with one's fingers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply (paint) in small dots or strokes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tattoo" + ], + "it": [ + "tatuare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stain (skin) with indelible color" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marble" + ], + "it": [ + "marmorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint or stain like marble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bodypaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply paint to a body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enamel" + ], + "it": [ + "smaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat, inlay, or surface with enamel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smelt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extract (metals) by heating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inlay" + ], + "it": [ + "intarsiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate the surface of by inserting wood, stone, and metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inlay with narrow strips or lines of a different substance such as gold or silver, for the purpose of decorating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "damascene" + ], + "it": [ + "damaschinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inlay metal with gold and silver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloss" + ], + "it": [ + "abbrunire", + "bronzare", + "brunire", + "lucidare", + "lucidarli", + "polire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a shine or gloss to, usually by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacquer" + ], + "it": [ + "laccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with lacquer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "japan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with a lacquer, as done in Japan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gild", + "begild", + "engild" + ], + "it": [ + "dorare", + "indorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with, or as if with, gold leaf or liquid gold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fresco" + ], + "it": [ + "affrescare", + "frescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint onto wet plaster on a wall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distemper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint with distemper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blueprint", + "draft", + "draught" + ], + "it": [ + "sbozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a blueprint of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illuminate" + ], + "it": [ + "miniare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add embellishments and paintings to (medieval manuscripts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniate", + "rubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate (manuscripts) with letters painted red" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emblazon", + "blazon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with heraldic arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sculpt", + "sculpture" + ], + "it": [ + "scolpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by shaping stone or wood or any other hard material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint" + ], + "it": [ + "dipingere", + "ritrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a painting of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paint" + ], + "it": [ + "dipingere", + "fare", + "pitturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue a creative activity; be engaged in a creative activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ], + "it": [ + "fabbricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be engaged in building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repaint" + ], + "it": [ + "ridipingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place a heraldic bearing on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent", + "interpret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create an image or likeness of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in representing or expressing something intangible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picture", + "depict", + "render", + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "dipingere", + "rappresentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show in, or as in, a picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "illustrate" + ], + "it": [ + "illustrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depict with an illustration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stylize", + "stylise", + "conventionalize" + ], + "it": [ + "stilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent according to a conventional style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a map of; show or establish the features of details of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depict as if on a map" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portray", + "depict", + "limn" + ], + "it": [ + "descrivere", + "dipingere", + "disegnare", + "raffigurare", + "rappresentare", + "ritrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a portrait of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pencil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write, draw, or trace with a pencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "portray", + "present" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing, or sculpture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present as worthy of regard, kindness, or confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delineate", + "limn", + "outline" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzare", + "delineare", + "disegnare", + "tratteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trace the shape of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lipstick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by tracing with lipstick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form the contours of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streamline" + ], + "it": [ + "snellire", + "sveltire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contour economically or efficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or draw with a ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere col gesso", + "segnare col gesso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write, draw, or trace with chalk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "disegnare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent by making a drawing of, as with a pencil, chalk, etc. on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a legal document or paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a projection of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or trace on a surface" + ], + "it": [ + "realizzare graficamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stenograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write in shorthand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calligraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write beautifully and ornamentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trace a line through or across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write on the outside or upper part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write on the top or outside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write in capital letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark letters on or mark with letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set down or print with letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crayon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write, draw, or trace with a crayon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create code, write a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "checker", + "chequer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark into squares or draw squares on; draw crossed lines on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charcoal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw, trace, or represent with charcoal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "doodle" + ], + "it": [ + "scarabocchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a doodle; draw aimlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diagram", + "plot" + ], + "it": [ + "tracciare un grafico" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a schematic or technical drawing of that shows interactions among variables or how something is constructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw cartoons of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy", + "re-create" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a replica of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a reproduction or copy of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy by following the lines of the original drawing on a transparent sheet placed upon it; make a tracing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back up" + ], + "it": [ + "copiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a copy of (a computer file) especially for storage in another place as a security copy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hectograph" + ], + "it": [ + "poligrafare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy on a duplicator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make multiple identical copies of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimeograph", + "mimeo" + ], + "it": [ + "ciclostilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print copies from (a prepared stencil) using a mimeograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roneo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make copies on a Roneograph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shade", + "fill in" + ], + "it": [ + "ombreggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent the effect of shade or shadow on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by small short touches that together produce an even or softly graded shadow, as in paint or ink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crosshatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shade with multiple crossing lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mottle", + "streak", + "blotch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark with spots or blotches of different color or shades of color as if stained" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a veinlike pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watercolour", + "watercolor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint with watercolors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour", + "emblazon" + ], + "it": [ + "colorire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with colors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miniate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "paint with red lead or vermilion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "mold", + "mould" + ], + "it": [ + "modellare", + "plasmare", + "stampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form in clay, wax, etc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "mock up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "construct a model of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sketch", + "chalk out" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzare", + "schizzare", + "tracciare", + "tratteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sketch of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create verbally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create with or from words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coin" + ], + "it": [ + "coniare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sloganeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coin new slogans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write", + "compose", + "pen", + "indite" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a literary work" + ], + "it": [ + "creare un'opera letteraria" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lyric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write lyrics for (a song)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relyric" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write new lyrics for (a song)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write on", + "write of", + "write about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write about a particular topic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write paragraphs; work as a paragrapher" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write about in a paragraph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell", + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write or name the letters that comprise the conventionally accepted form of (a word or part of a word)" + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere correttamente attraverso la scrittura (in una lingua data)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell out" + ], + "it": [ + "compitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spell fully and without abbreviating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hyphenate", + "hyphen" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "unire con un trattino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide or connect with a hyphen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write something fluently, and without hesitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash off", + "scratch off", + "knock off", + "toss off", + "fling off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewrite" + ], + "it": [ + "adattare", + "ridurre", + "riscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rewrite so as to make fit to suit a new or different purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write for commercial publications" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dramatize", + "dramatise", + "adopt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into dramatic form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draft", + "outline" + ], + "it": [ + "abbozzare", + "delineare", + "tracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw up an outline or sketch for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyme", + "rime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose rhymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply (blank verse or prose) with rhymes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alliterate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use alliteration as a form of poetry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a play on words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verse", + "versify", + "poetize", + "poetise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose verses or put into verse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "metrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose in poetic meter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spondaize", + "spondaise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make spondaic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elegize", + "elegise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose an elegy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recite", + "retell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose a sonnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sonnet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "praise in a sonnet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serenade" + ], + "it": [ + "fare la serenata a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing and play for somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belt out", + "belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing loudly and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descant on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing a descant on a main tune or melody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vocalize", + "vocalise" + ], + "it": [ + "vocalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing (each note a scale or in a melody) with the same vowel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "author" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the author of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-author" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a co-author on (a book, a paper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost", + "ghostwrite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write for someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annotate", + "footnote" + ], + "it": [ + "annotare", + "chiosare", + "commentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add explanatory notes to or supply with critical comments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reference", + "cite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compose", + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre", + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write music" + ], + "it": [ + "creare un'opera musicale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write in counterpoint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set to music" + ], + "it": [ + "musicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write (music) for (a text)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrange", + "set" + ], + "it": [ + "adattare", + "arrangiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt for performance in a different way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adapt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "score" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre la colonna sonora" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a musical score for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpose" + ], + "it": [ + "trasporre", + "trasportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (a piece of music) into another key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "melodize", + "melodise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply a melody for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing or play in harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reharmonize", + "reharmonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a different harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a harmony for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realize", + "realise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orchestrate" + ], + "it": [ + "orchestrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write an orchestra score for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument", + "instrumentate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write an instrumental score for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transcribe" + ], + "it": [ + "ridurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rewrite or arrange a piece of music for an instrument or medium other than that originally intended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choreograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compose a sequence of dance steps, often to music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance to jive music; dance the jive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance", + "trip the light fantastic", + "trip the light fantastic toe" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare", + "danzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a pattern; usually to musical accompaniment; do or perform a dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance in a professional capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a clog dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a tap dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a belly dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide the actors in (plays and films)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select to play,sing, or dance a part in a play, movie, musical, opera, or ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing in descant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recast" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast again, in a different role" + ], + "it": [ + "dare una parte diversa a" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast an actor, singer, or dancer in an unsuitable role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typecast" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast repeatedly in the same kind of role" + ], + "it": [ + "far sempre fare la stessa parte a" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage direct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct for the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stage", + "present", + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "inscenare", + "rappresentare", + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform (a play), especially on a stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "localize", + "localise", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "ambientare", + "situare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film" + ], + "it": [ + "cinematografare", + "filmare", + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film-make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make films; be a film maker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cinematize", + "cinematise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a film of or adopt so as to make into a film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microfilm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record on microfilm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut corners" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something the cheapest or easiest way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perform", + "execute", + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "eseguire", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out or perform an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a stunt or stunts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform or carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform (an acting passage) brilliantly and rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform an interlude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scamp" + ], + "it": [ + "abborracciare", + "acciarpare", + "affastellare", + "raffazzonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform hastily and carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform in a mechanical way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perform" + ], + "it": [ + "esibirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a performance (of something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grandstand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform ostentatiously in order to impress the audience and with an eye to the applause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a piece written for a single instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform or be performed to the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underperform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform too rarely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightread", + "sight-read" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform music from a score without having seen the score before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightsing", + "sight-sing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing from a score without having seen it before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform rap music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform for an audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present to view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concertize", + "concertise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give concerts; perform in concerts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform on a certain location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be performed or presented for public viewing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to emit recorded audio or video" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit recorded sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear for the first time in public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's debut" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present for the first time to the public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premier", + "premiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a work for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "premier", + "premiere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be performed for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "audition", + "try out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform in order to get a role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "audition for a stage role by reading parts of a role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cybernate", + "computerize", + "computerise" + ], + "it": [ + "computerizzare", + "informatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control a function, process, or creation by a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "play", + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretare", + "rappresentare", + "recitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a role or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "play", + "roleplay", + "playact" + ], + "it": [ + "recitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform on a stage or theater" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stooge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as the stooge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come on stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a subordinate role to (another performer)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the star in a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear as a character on stage or appear in a play, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the co-star in a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissemble", + "pretend", + "act" + ], + "it": [ + "fignere", + "fingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave unnaturally or affectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "simulate", + "assume", + "sham", + "feign" + ], + "it": [ + "affettare", + "fignere", + "fingere", + "simulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a pretence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deceive by a mock action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enact", + "reenact", + "act out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act out; represent or perform as if in a play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent an incident, state, or emotion by action, especially on stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reenact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enact or perform again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "simulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create a representation or model of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehearse", + "practise", + "practice" + ], + "it": [ + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a rehearsal (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform in a perfunctory way, as for a first rehearsal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimmage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice playing (a sport)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impersonate", + "portray" + ], + "it": [ + "impersonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume or act the character of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a spoof of or make fun of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travesty" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a travesty of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mime", + "pantomime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act out without words but with gestures and bodily movements only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "spiel" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replay (as a melody)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play on a violin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play on an instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play (a melody) again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prelude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play as a prelude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jazz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play something in the style of jazz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play in ragtime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bugle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play on a bugle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform music on (a musical instrument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate the registers of an organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the bagpipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a rhythm by striking repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "symphonize", + "symphonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play or sound together, in harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweedle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play negligently on a musical instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play chords on (a string instrument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprise", + "reprize", + "repeat", + "recapitulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat an earlier theme of a composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play on a pipe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play smoothly or legato" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate the pedals on a keyboard instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play along", + "accompany", + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform an accompaniment to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sing along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing with a choir or an orchestra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvise", + "improvize", + "ad-lib", + "extemporize", + "extemporise" + ], + "it": [ + "combinare", + "improvvisare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform without preparation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "modulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change the key of, in music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play on a string instrument with a bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sing" + ], + "it": [ + "cantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce tones with the voice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "psalm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing or celebrate in psalms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minstrel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrate by singing, in the style of minstrels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solmizate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing using syllables like `do', `re' and `mi' to represent the tones of the scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweedle", + "chirp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing in modulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choir", + "chorus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing in a choir" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sing" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretare", + "cantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver by singing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solmizate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing by the syllables of solmization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing the parts of (a round) in succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hymn" + ], + "it": [ + "cantare inni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing a hymn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing carols" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madrigal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sing madrigals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpret", + "render" + ], + "it": [ + "interpretare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an interpretation or rendition of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum" + ], + "it": [ + "tamburellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play a percussion instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the harp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduct", + "lead", + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "dirigere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead, as in the performance of a composition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead musicians in the performance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "throw", + "have", + "make", + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "fare", + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize or be responsible for" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the violin or fiddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trumpet" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare la tromba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play or blow on the trumpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clarion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow the clarion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double tongue", + "triple-tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play fast notes on a wind instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "articulate by tonguing, as when playing wind instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplicate", + "reduplicate", + "double", + "repeat", + "replicate" + ], + "it": [ + "duplicare", + "replicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or do or perform again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "replicate", + "copy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce or make an exact copy of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapitulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat stages of evolutionary development during the embryonic phase of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a duplicate or duplicates of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduplicate", + "geminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by reduplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce threefold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quadruplicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce fourfold" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprint", + "reissue" + ], + "it": [ + "ripubblicare", + "ristampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photocopy", + "run off", + "xerox" + ], + "it": [ + "fotocopiare", + "xerocopiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce by xerography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "microcopy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "photocopy printed or other graphic matter so that it is reduced in size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a copy by means of a Photostat device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduce" + ], + "it": [ + "riprodurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a copy or equivalent of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reproduce" + ], + "it": [ + "riprodurre", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recreate a sound, image, idea, mood, atmosphere, etc." + ], + "it": [ + "esprimere, rappresentare qualcosa in un'opera d'arte, in uno scritto, in un discorso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induce", + "induct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce electric current by electrostatic or magnetic processes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recreate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinvent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create anew and make over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinvent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring back into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apprehend and reproduce accurately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play back", + "replay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce (a recording) on a recorder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evolve", + "germinate", + "develop" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ], + "it": [ + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give form to, according to a plan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefabricate", + "preassemble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to manufacture sections of (a building), especially in a factory, so that they can be easily transported to and rapidly assembled on a building site of buildings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vamp", + "vamp up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fudge together", + "throw together" + ], + "it": [ + "raffazzonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce shoddily, without much attention to detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow", + "raise", + "farm", + "produce" + ], + "it": [ + "coltivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear (a crop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overproduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce in excess; produce more than needed or wanted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "till" + ], + "it": [ + "dissodare", + "vangare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work in the garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do landscape gardening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivate", + "crop", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "coltivare", + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for crops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcrop", + "overcultivate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exhaust by excessive cultivation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plow", + "plough", + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "solcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to break and turn over earth especially with a plow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plough alternate strips by throwing the furrow onto an unploughed strip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harrow", + "disk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw a harrow over (land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoe" + ], + "it": [ + "sarchiare", + "zappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig with a hoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cultivate" + ], + "it": [ + "coltivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "foster the growth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitate", + "copy", + "simulate" + ], + "it": [ + "arieggiare", + "copiare", + "ricalcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce someone's behavior or looks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mimic or imitate in an amusing or satirical manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mimic", + "mime" + ], + "it": [ + "imitare", + "mimare", + "parodiare", + "scimmiottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitate (a person or manner), especially for satirical effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan or create according to a model or models" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovietize", + "sovietise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "model a country's social, political, and economic structure on the Soviet Union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take after", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitate in behavior; take as a model" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "publish", + "write" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have (one's written work) issued for publication" + ], + "it": [ + "pubblicare regolarmente i propri scritti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typeset", + "set" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set in type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a trial impression of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "format", + "arrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set (printed matter) into a specific format" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set in from the margin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "table", + "tabularize", + "tabularise", + "tabulate" + ], + "it": [ + "tabulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange or enter in tabular form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print", + "publish" + ], + "it": [ + "stampare", + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "republish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publish again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include as the content; broadcast or publicize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "publish in a gazette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ], + "it": [ + "scrivere a stampatello", + "scrivere in stampatello" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write as if with print; not cursive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce by offset printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create an offset in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scribble", + "scrawl" + ], + "it": [ + "scarabocchiare", + "scribacchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy" + ], + "it": [ + "ricopiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy down as is" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copy out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy very carefully and as accurately as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "program", + "programme" + ], + "it": [ + "programmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a computer program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print", + "impress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce by printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overprint", + "print over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print (additional text or colors) onto an already imprinted paper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print a new denomination on a stamp or a banknote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cyclostyle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print with an implement with small toothed wheels that cuts small holes in a stencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fingerprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take an impression of a person's fingerprints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boldface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print in boldface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "italicize", + "italicise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print in italics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "print" + ], + "it": [ + "stampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make into a print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lithograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by lithography" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silkscreen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "print by silkscreen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stencil" + ], + "it": [ + "stampinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mark or print with a stencil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engrave", + "etch" + ], + "it": [ + "incidere", + "intagliare", + "scolpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve or cut into a block used for printing or print from such a block" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benday" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reproduce by the Benday process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by scraping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stipple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engrave by means of dots and flicks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "incidere all'acquaforte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an etching of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquatint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "etch in aquatint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or construct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corduroy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "build (a road) from logs laid side by side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fringe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adorn with a fringe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overact", + "ham it up", + "ham", + "overplay" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exaggerate one's acting" + ], + "it": [ + "recitare con troppa enfasi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underact", + "underplay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act (a role) with great restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform with the heels" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decorate with an interlaced design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "landscape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embellish with plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve a pattern into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeycomb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carve a honeycomb pattern into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "bring forth" + ], + "it": [ + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring forth or yield" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sporulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce spores" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "bring about", + "give rise" + ], + "it": [ + "determinare", + "originare", + "produrre", + "provocare", + "sortire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to happen, occur or exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind out", + "crank out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce in a routine or monotonous manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devise or compose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "design" + ], + "it": [ + "disegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create designs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create" + ], + "it": [ + "creare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by pressing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to prepare verbally, either for written or spoken delivery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough in", + "rough", + "rough out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare in preliminary or sketchy form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write out", + "write up" + ], + "it": [ + "redigere", + "stendere", + "stilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into writing; write in complete form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or shape by cutting or incising" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by probing, penetrating, or digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graph", + "chart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent by means of a graph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plot upon a graph" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a shimmy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather and light the materials for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create a disturbance, especially by making a great noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform or carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by pounding or trampling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map", + "map out" + ], + "it": [ + "pianificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plan, delineate, or arrange in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by duplicating data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record a performance on (a medium)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a recording of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "script" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "write a script for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with rubrics or regulate by rubrics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channelize", + "channelise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a channel for; provide with a channel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demyelinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy the myelin sheath of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "facilitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the likelihood of (a response)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by organizing and linking ideas, arguments, or concepts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "construct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by linking linguistic units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filigree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make filigree, as with a precious metal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "free", + "liberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release (gas or energy) as a result of a chemical reaction or physical decomposition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare for battle or conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make with or as if with an explosion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or shape by chopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carve out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or create through painstaking effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manufacture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create or produce in a mechanical way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manufacture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce naturally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast", + "shell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create by using explosives" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play music in a public place and solicit money for it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arouse", + "elicit", + "enkindle", + "kindle", + "evoke", + "fire", + "raise", + "provoke" + ], + "it": [ + "accendere", + "destare", + "fare", + "fomentare", + "ispirare", + "provocare", + "solleticare", + "suscitare", + "evocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike a chord", + "touch a chord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evoke a reaction, response, or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "ask for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the likelihood of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elicit responses, such as objections, criticism, applause, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rekindle" + ], + "it": [ + "ravvivare", + "riaccendere", + "rinfocolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infatuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse unreasoning love or passion in and cause to behave in an irrational way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause a sharp emotional pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inflame", + "stir up", + "wake", + "ignite", + "heat", + "fire up" + ], + "it": [ + "incendiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse or excite feelings and passions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work up into agitation or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulate", + "shake", + "shake up", + "excite", + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitare", + "scioccare", + "scotere", + "scuotere", + "shoccare", + "turbare", + "stimolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arouse", + "sex", + "excite", + "turn on", + "wind up" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stimulate sexually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitate", + "rouse", + "turn on", + "charge", + "commove", + "excite", + "charge up" + ], + "it": [ + "esaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be agitated, excited, or roused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb (someone's) composure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble over", + "overflow", + "spill over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overflow with a certain feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in an agitated or excited state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hype up", + "psych up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get excited or stimulated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calm by deception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calm", + "calm down", + "cool off", + "chill out", + "simmer down", + "settle down", + "cool it" + ], + "it": [ + "acquietarsi", + "ammansirsi", + "calmarsi", + "pacarsi", + "placarsi", + "rabbonirsi", + "tranquillizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become quiet or calm, especially after a state of agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturb", + "unhinge", + "disquiet", + "trouble", + "cark", + "distract", + "disorder" + ], + "it": [ + "conturbare", + "sconvolgere", + "turbare", + "far perdere la ragione a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb in mind or make uneasy or cause to be worried or alarmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbalance", + "derange" + ], + "it": [ + "scompensare", + "squilibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derange mentally, throw out of mental balance; make insane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "calm", + "calm down", + "quiet", + "tranquilize", + "tranquillize", + "tranquillise", + "quieten", + "lull", + "still" + ], + "it": [ + "ammansire", + "calmare", + "pacare", + "placare", + "rabbonire", + "racchetare", + "tranquillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make calm or still" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calm (someone, especially oneself); make quiet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pacify", + "lenify", + "conciliate", + "assuage", + "appease", + "mollify", + "placate", + "gentle", + "gruntle" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry", + "vex" + ], + "it": [ + "impensierire", + "preoccupare", + "turbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb the peace of mind of; afflict with mental agitation or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat", + "eat on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worry or cause anxiety in a persistent way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reassure", + "assure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel sure; give reassurance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worry persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry", + "care" + ], + "it": [ + "allarmarsi", + "inquietarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be concerned with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worry" + ], + "it": [ + "affliggersi", + "tormentarsi", + "preoccupare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be worried, concerned, anxious, troubled, or uneasy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be agitated or irritated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seethe", + "boil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in an agitated emotional state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sizzle" + ], + "it": [ + "ribollire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seethe with deep anger or resentment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affect", + "impress", + "move", + "strike" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire", + "emozionare", + "impressionare", + "muovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an emotional or cognitive impact upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engrave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impress or affect deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike dumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render speechless, as by surprising or shocking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike suddenly and with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect in a disagreeable way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit home", + "strike home", + "strike a chord", + "strike a note" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to or be relevant or familiar to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect suddenly with deep feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make gloomy or depressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierce" + ], + "it": [ + "trafiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or affect (a person's emotions or bodily feelings) deeply or sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impress positively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a positive impression (on someone) beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impress greatly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep away", + "sweep off" + ], + "it": [ + "travolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disturb", + "upset", + "trouble" + ], + "it": [ + "agitare", + "commuovere", + "impressionare", + "perturbare", + "scombussolare", + "sconvolgere", + "stravolgere", + "turbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch", + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire", + "commuovere", + "intenerire", + "toccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evoke an emotional response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "get under one's skin" + ], + "it": [ + "dare ai nervi a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irritate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "commuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse sympathy or compassion in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel", + "experience" + ], + "it": [ + "sentirsi", + "sentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind" + ], + "it": [ + "provare una sensazione a livello emotivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel favorably disposed or willing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pride", + "plume", + "congratulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be proud of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smolder", + "smoulder" + ], + "it": [ + "covare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have strong suppressed feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give expression or emotion to, in a stage or movie role" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse or elicit a feeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor", + "harbour", + "hold", + "entertain", + "nurse" + ], + "it": [ + "albergare", + "covare", + "nutrire", + "ritenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel bitter or indignant about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embitter", + "envenom", + "acerbate" + ], + "it": [ + "amareggiare", + "inacerbire", + "inacidire", + "inasprire", + "invelenire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be bitter or resentful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept or admit unwillingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eat into", + "fret", + "rankle", + "grate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gnaw into; make resentful or angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stew", + "grudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear a grudge; harbor ill feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hate", + "detest" + ], + "it": [ + "detestare", + "odiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislike intensely; feel antipathy or aversion towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abhor", + "loathe", + "abominate", + "execrate" + ], + "it": [ + "abbominare", + "abborrire", + "abominare", + "aborrire", + "detestare", + "esecrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find repugnant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemn", + "despise", + "scorn", + "disdain" + ], + "it": [ + "disdegnare", + "disprezzare", + "sprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look down on with disdain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love" + ], + "it": [ + "amare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a great affection or liking for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love" + ], + "it": [ + "amare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be enamored or in love with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a love affair with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall in love with; become infatuated with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to remain emotionally or intellectually attached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care for", + "cherish", + "hold dear", + "treasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fond of; be attached to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enshrine", + "saint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold sacred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fancy", + "go for", + "take to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a fancy or particular liking or desire for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dislike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or feel a dislike or distaste for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like" + ], + "it": [ + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fond of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cotton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a liking to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like" + ], + "it": [ + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find enjoyable or agreeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shower with love; show excessive affection for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yearn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have affection for; feel tenderness for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cool off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel less enamoured of something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adore" + ], + "it": [ + "adorare", + "amare", + "voler bene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "love intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idolize", + "idolise", + "worship", + "hero-worship", + "revere" + ], + "it": [ + "adorare", + "idolatrare", + "venerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverence", + "fear", + "revere", + "venerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worship" + ], + "it": [ + "adorare", + "venerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show devotion to (a deity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frighten", + "fright", + "scare", + "affright" + ], + "it": [ + "atterire", + "impaurire", + "intimorire", + "spaurire", + "spaventare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause fear in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "awe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inspire awe in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overawe", + "cow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subdue, restrain, or overcome by affecting with a feeling of awe; frighten (as with threats)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buffalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intimidate or overawe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frighten" + ], + "it": [ + "intimorire", + "mettere in fuga", + "spaurire", + "spaventare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive out by frightening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear", + "dread" + ], + "it": [ + "temere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be afraid or scared of; be frightened of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be uneasy or apprehensive about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sorry; used to introduce an unpleasant statement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fear" + ], + "it": [ + "temere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrify", + "terrorize", + "terrorise" + ], + "it": [ + "atterrire", + "impaurire", + "spaurire", + "terrificare", + "terrorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with terror; frighten greatly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intimidate" + ], + "it": [ + "intimidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make timid or fearful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intimidate somebody (with a threat)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong-arm", + "bully", + "browbeat", + "bullyrag", + "ballyrag", + "boss around", + "hector", + "push around" + ], + "it": [ + "fare il prepotente con" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be bossy towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrannize", + "tyrannise", + "domineer" + ], + "it": [ + "tiranneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule or exercise power over (somebody) in a cruel and autocratic manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause sudden fear in or fill with sudden panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be overcome by a sudden fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apprehend", + "quail at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anticipate with dread or anxiety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismay", + "alarm", + "appal", + "appall", + "horrify" + ], + "it": [ + "inorridire", + "terrorizzare", + "sgomentare", + "spaventare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with apprehension or alarm; cause to be unpleasantly surprised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock" + ], + "it": [ + "allucinare", + "scioccare", + "sconvolgere", + "shoccare", + "traumatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with horror or terror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haunt", + "obsess", + "ghost" + ], + "it": [ + "ossessionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "haunt like a ghost; pursue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preoccupy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage or engross the interest or attention of beforehand or occupy urgently or obsessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be preoccupied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "faze", + "unnerve", + "enervate", + "unsettle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb the composure of" + ], + "it": [ + "far sentire disagio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unman" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose one's nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freak out", + "freak", + "gross out" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere il controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose one's nerve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break down", + "lose it", + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose control of one's emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose control emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose control emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be brought to or as if to the point of death by an intense emotion such as embarrassment, amusement, or shame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "languish as with love or desire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "burst", + "erupt" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack up", + "crack", + "crock up", + "break up", + "collapse" + ], + "it": [ + "crollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer a nervous breakdown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daunt", + "dash", + "scare off", + "pall", + "frighten off", + "scare away", + "frighten away", + "scare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "anger or take offense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become violent or angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be annoyed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gall", + "irk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "irritate or vex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infuriate", + "exasperate", + "incense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make furious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anger", + "see red" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get very angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise the roof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get very angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make mad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive up the wall; go on someone's nerves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "madden", + "craze" + ], + "it": [ + "far diventare pazzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go crazy; cause to lose one's mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annoy", + "rag", + "get to", + "bother", + "get at", + "irritate", + "rile", + "nark", + "nettle", + "gravel", + "vex", + "chafe", + "devil" + ], + "it": [ + "contrariare", + "disturbare", + "importunare", + "indispettire", + "infastidire", + "innervosire", + "irritare", + "molestare", + "scocciare", + "seccare", + "stancare", + "tediare", + "tormentare", + "urtare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel extreme irritation or anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be annoyed, irritated, or resentful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trouble or vex" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause annoyance in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pique", + "offend" + ], + "it": [ + "oltraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel resentment or indignation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harass", + "hassle", + "harry", + "chivy", + "chivvy", + "chevy", + "chevvy", + "beset", + "plague", + "molest", + "provoke" + ], + "it": [ + "opprimere", + "perseguitare", + "tormentare", + "vessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annoy continually or chronically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upset", + "discompose", + "untune", + "disconcert", + "discomfit" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionare", + "sconcertare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lose one's composure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be nervous or upset" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discompose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confuse", + "flurry", + "disconcert", + "put off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel embarrassment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consternate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with anxiety, dread, dismay, or confusion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bewilder", + "bemuse", + "discombobulate", + "throw" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere", + "sconcertare", + "turbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be confused emotionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bother" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make confused or perplexed or puzzled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make nervous or agitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distract", + "deflect" + ], + "it": [ + "sviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw someone's attention away from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be flustered; behave in a confused manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embarrass", + "abash" + ], + "it": [ + "confondere", + "imbarazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be embarrassed; cause to feel self-conscious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be ashamed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discountenance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look with disfavor on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pain", + "anguish", + "hurt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause emotional anguish or make miserable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break someone's heart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause deep emotional pain and grief to somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurt", + "wound", + "injure", + "bruise", + "offend", + "spite" + ], + "it": [ + "addolorare", + "ferire", + "offendere", + "toccare", + "vulnerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hurt the feelings of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lacerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deeply hurt the feelings of; distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause an emotional pain, as if by stinging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuss", + "niggle", + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "worry unnecessarily or excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise scruples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonize", + "agonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer agony or anguish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agonize", + "agonise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to agonize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer" + ], + "it": [ + "soffrire", + "tribolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience (emotional) pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anguish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer great pains or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer the loss of a person through death or removal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be mad, angry, or furious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip one's lid", + "blow up", + "throw a fit", + "hit the roof", + "hit the ceiling", + "have kittens", + "have a fit", + "combust", + "blow one's stack", + "fly off the handle", + "flip one's wig", + "lose one's temper", + "blow a fuse", + "go ballistic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get very angry and fly into a rage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a rage; make violently angry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rage" + ], + "it": [ + "arrabbiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel intense anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foam at the mouth", + "froth at the mouth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a state of uncontrolled anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrill", + "tickle", + "vibrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel sudden intense sensation or emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repent", + "regret", + "rue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repent", + "atone" + ], + "it": [ + "pentirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away from sin or do penitence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regret" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpiangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel sad about the loss or absence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel sadness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mourn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe the customs of mourning after the death of a loved one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grieve", + "sorrow" + ], + "it": [ + "addolorarsi", + "affliggersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel grief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grieve", + "aggrieve" + ], + "it": [ + "addolorare", + "affliggere", + "rammaricare", + "rattristare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel sorrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afflict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause great unhappiness for; distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tribulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppress or trouble greatly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distress" + ], + "it": [ + "affliggere", + "angosciare", + "angustiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause mental pain to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besiege" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel distressed or worried" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try", + "strain", + "stress" + ], + "it": [ + "cimentare", + "mettere a dura prova", + "saggiare", + "testare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test the limits of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch to the limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try" + ], + "it": [ + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give pain or trouble to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disappoint", + "let down" + ], + "it": [ + "deludere", + "disattendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to meet the hopes or expectations of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "betray" + ], + "it": [ + "mancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappoint, prove undependable to; abandon, forsake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall short", + "come short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to meet (expectations or standards)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hamstring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make ineffective or powerless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humiliate", + "mortify", + "chagrin", + "humble", + "abase" + ], + "it": [ + "avvilire", + "mortificare", + "scornare", + "smaccare", + "umiliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel shame; hurt the pride of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crush", + "smash", + "demolish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "humiliate or depress completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take down", + "degrade", + "disgrace", + "demean", + "put down" + ], + "it": [ + "degradare", + "umiliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce in worth or character, usually verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "efface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make inconspicuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stultify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove to be of unsound mind or demonstrate someone's incompetence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dehumanize", + "dehumanise" + ], + "it": [ + "disumanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of human qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humanize", + "humanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more humane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be unpretentious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortify", + "subdue", + "crucify" + ], + "it": [ + "asservire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold within limits and control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice self-denial of one's body and appetites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lament", + "keen" + ], + "it": [ + "deplorare", + "deprecare", + "lamentare", + "piangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express grief verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express emotion", + "express feelings" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give verbal or other expression to one's feelings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torment", + "torture", + "excruciate", + "rack" + ], + "it": [ + "affliggere", + "angosciare", + "angustiare", + "crucciare", + "martirizzare", + "martoriare", + "tormentare", + "torturare", + "travagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "torment emotionally or mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "torment", + "rag", + "bedevil", + "crucify", + "dun", + "frustrate" + ], + "it": [ + "assillare", + "crocefiggere", + "crocifiggere", + "infastidire", + "tormentare", + "torturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat cruelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease", + "badger", + "pester", + "bug", + "beleaguer" + ], + "it": [ + "angariare", + "importunare", + "molestare", + "ossessionare", + "punzecchiare", + "tormentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "annoy persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to arouse hope, desire, or curiosity without satisfying them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulate", + "keep in line", + "control" + ], + "it": [ + "manovrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show and train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ingratiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cozy up", + "cotton up", + "shine up", + "play up", + "sidle up", + "suck up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ingratiate oneself to; often with insincere behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipate", + "look for", + "look to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be excited or anxious about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become excited about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mope", + "moon around", + "moon about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be apathetic, gloomy, or dazed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grizzle", + "brood", + "stew" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a huff; be silent or sullen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss" + ], + "it": [ + "mancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel or suffer from the lack of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ache", + "yearn", + "yen", + "pine", + "languish" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderare", + "disiderare", + "morire dalla voglia di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a desire for something or someone who is not present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appreciate" + ], + "it": [ + "apprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize with gratitude; be grateful for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brace", + "poise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prepare (oneself) for something unpleasant or difficult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steel", + "nerve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get ready for something difficult or unpleasant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take heart", + "buck up" + ], + "it": [ + "rassicurarsi", + "rianimarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture", + "enamour", + "trance", + "catch", + "becharm", + "enamor", + "captivate", + "beguile", + "charm", + "fascinate", + "bewitch", + "entrance", + "enchant" + ], + "it": [ + "affascinare", + "ammaliare", + "conquistare", + "incantare", + "innamorare", + "sedurre", + "stregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract; cause to be enamored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beckon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear inviting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make attractive or lovable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonize", + "antagonise" + ], + "it": [ + "indisporre", + "innervosire", + "seccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provoke the hostility of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempt", + "invite" + ], + "it": [ + "invitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give rise to a desire by being attractive or inviting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to seduce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attract", + "appeal" + ], + "it": [ + "allettare", + "attirare", + "attrarre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be attractive to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract the attention of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgust", + "revolt", + "nauseate", + "sicken", + "churn up" + ], + "it": [ + "disgustare", + "nauseare", + "schifare", + "stomacare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn off", + "put off" + ], + "it": [ + "disgustare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel intense dislike or distaste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repel", + "repulse" + ], + "it": [ + "repellere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be repellent to; cause aversion in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock", + "floor", + "ball over", + "blow out of the water", + "take aback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surprise greatly; knock someone's socks off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm", + "overpower", + "sweep over", + "whelm", + "overcome", + "overtake" + ], + "it": [ + "sopraffare", + "sorpassare", + "travolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm with hilarity, pleasure, or admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shout down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "silence or overwhelm by shouting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overtake with darkness or night" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overwhelm with admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "astound or overwhelm, as with shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold fast (in a certain state)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shock", + "offend", + "scandalize", + "scandalise", + "appal", + "appall", + "outrage" + ], + "it": [ + "offendere", + "scandalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike with disgust or revulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despair" + ], + "it": [ + "disperarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandon hope; give up hope; lose heart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "despond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose confidence or hope; become dejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope" + ], + "it": [ + "sperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be optimistic; be full of hope; have hopes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elate", + "lift up", + "uplift", + "pick up", + "intoxicate" + ], + "it": [ + "sollevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with high spirits; fill with optimism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beatify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make blessedly happy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make proud or conceited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhilarate", + "tickle pink", + "inebriate", + "thrill", + "exalt", + "beatify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with sublime emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspire", + "animate", + "invigorate", + "enliven", + "exalt" + ], + "it": [ + "esaltare", + "sublimare", + "ispirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heighten or intensify" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladden" + ], + "it": [ + "allietarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become glad or happy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadden" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere", + "addolorare", + "deprimere", + "immalinconire", + "immelanconire", + "rattristare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unhappy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overjoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel extremely joyful or happy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sadden" + ], + "it": [ + "addolorarsi", + "immalinconire", + "immelanconire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to feel sad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gladden", + "joy" + ], + "it": [ + "allietare", + "rallegrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make glad or happy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exult", + "walk on air", + "be on cloud nine", + "jump for joy" + ], + "it": [ + "tripudiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel extreme happiness or elation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejoice", + "joy" + ], + "it": [ + "rallegrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel happiness or joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighten", + "lighten up", + "buoy up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more cheerful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigh down", + "weigh on" + ], + "it": [ + "opprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be oppressive or disheartening to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depress", + "deject", + "cast down", + "get down", + "dismay", + "dispirit", + "demoralize", + "demoralise" + ], + "it": [ + "abbacchiare", + "abbattere", + "affliggere", + "avvilire", + "buttar giù", + "costernare", + "demoralizzare", + "deprimere", + "scoraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower someone's spirits; make downhearted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comfort", + "soothe", + "console", + "solace" + ], + "it": [ + "aiutare", + "confortare", + "consolare", + "riconfortare", + "sollevare", + "sorreggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give moral or emotional strength to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "still", + "allay", + "relieve", + "ease" + ], + "it": [ + "alleggerire", + "alleviare", + "mitigare", + "placare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the intensity of or calm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abreact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge bad feelings or tension through verbalization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "please", + "delight" + ], + "it": [ + "contentare", + "deliziare", + "dilettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give pleasure to or be pleasing to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "please" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give satisfaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "titillate" + ], + "it": [ + "solleticare", + "titillare", + "vellicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excite pleasurably or erotically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfy", + "gratify" + ], + "it": [ + "accontentare", + "appagare", + "contentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make happy or satisfied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissatisfy" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacere", + "non soddisfare", + "scontentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to satisfy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "content" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make content" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dissatisfied" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displease" + ], + "it": [ + "dispiacere a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give displeasure to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enchant", + "enrapture", + "transport", + "enthrall", + "ravish", + "enthral", + "delight" + ], + "it": [ + "affascinare", + "ammaliare", + "incantare", + "rapire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold spellbound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gratify and charm, usually in order to influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disenchant", + "disillusion" + ], + "it": [ + "deludere", + "disilludere", + "disingannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from enchantment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheer", + "hearten", + "recreate", + "embolden" + ], + "it": [ + "rinfrancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give encouragement to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become heartened or elated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encourage" + ], + "it": [ + "animare", + "incoraggiare", + "rinfrancare", + "spronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make more sociable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encourage to be less reserved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur", + "goad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give heart or courage to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depress or discourage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discourage" + ], + "it": [ + "avvilire", + "sconfortare", + "scoraggiare", + "smontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishearten", + "put off" + ], + "it": [ + "avvilire", + "sconfortare", + "smontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away the enthusiasm of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intimidate", + "restrain" + ], + "it": [ + "intimidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to compel or deter by or as if by threats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw cold water on", + "pour cold water on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be discouraging or negative about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dither", + "flap", + "pother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a fuss; be agitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make upset or troubled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dither" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act nervously; be undecided; be uncertain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoy", + "bask", + "relish", + "savor", + "savour" + ], + "it": [ + "assaporare", + "gaudere", + "godere", + "gustare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feast one's eyes" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with great enjoyment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devour" + ], + "it": [ + "divorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoy avidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exacerbate", + "exasperate", + "aggravate" + ], + "it": [ + "esacerbare", + "esasperare", + "esulcerare", + "inacerbire", + "irritare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exasperate or irritate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fascinate", + "transfix", + "grip", + "spellbind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to render motionless, as with a fixed stare or by arousing terror or awe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interest" + ], + "it": [ + "incuriosire", + "interessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excite the curiosity of; engage the interest of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startle", + "galvanize", + "galvanise" + ], + "it": [ + "galvanizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to stimulate to action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bore", + "tire" + ], + "it": [ + "annoiare", + "stancare", + "tediare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be bored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel for", + "pity", + "compassionate", + "condole with", + "sympathize with" + ], + "it": [ + "commiserare", + "compassionare", + "compatire", + "compiangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share the suffering of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commiserate", + "sympathize", + "sympathise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to feel or express sympathy or compassion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express one's sympathetic grief, on the occasion of someone's death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sympathize", + "sympathise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share the feelings of; understand the sentiments of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care" + ], + "it": [ + "importare", + "interessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel concern or interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care a hang", + "give a hoot", + "give a hang", + "give a damn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show no concern or interest; always used in the negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow", + "rejoice", + "triumph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ecstatic with joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrange", + "alienate", + "alien", + "disaffect" + ], + "it": [ + "alienare", + "allontanare", + "disaffezionare", + "disamorare", + "estraniare", + "indisporre", + "inimicare", + "straniare", + "svogliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arouse hostility or indifference in where there had formerly been love, affection, or friendliness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alienate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make withdrawn or isolated or emotionally dissociated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift apart", + "drift away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose personal contact over time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wean" + ], + "it": [ + "divezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detach the affections of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderare", + "volere", + "sperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hope for; have a wish" + ], + "it": [ + "essere intenzionato a fare una certa cosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish", + "wish well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel or express a desire or hope concerning the future or fortune of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wish", + "care", + "like" + ], + "it": [ + "piacere", + "preferire", + "prediligere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prefer or wish to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "please" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the will of or have the will (to)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begrudge", + "resent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wish ill or allow unwillingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire", + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderare", + "disiderare", + "volere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel or have a desire for; want strongly" + ], + "it": [ + "sentire un desiderio o un'esigenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itch", + "spoil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a strong desire or urge to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "like" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "want to have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as one's ambition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel like" + ], + "it": [ + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an inclination for something or some activity" + ], + "it": [ + "provare desiderio per qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desire" + ], + "it": [ + "desiderare", + "disiderare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a desire for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefer" + ], + "it": [ + "preferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "like better; value more highly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hope", + "trust", + "desire" + ], + "it": [ + "sperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expect and wish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envy", + "begrudge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be envious of; set one's heart on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wish, long, or crave for (something, especially the property of another person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salivate", + "drool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be envious, desirous, eager for, or extremely happy about something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "envy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel envious towards; admire enviously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drool over", + "slobber over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "envy without restraint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admire", + "look up to" + ], + "it": [ + "ammirare", + "apprezzare", + "stimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel admiration for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look down on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regard with contempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lust after", + "lech after" + ], + "it": [ + "concupire", + "concupiscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a strong sexual desire for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hanker", + "long", + "yearn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desire strongly or persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a liking, fondness, or taste (for)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "love", + "enjoy" + ], + "it": [ + "amare", + "piacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get pleasure from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take pride", + "pride oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel proud of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall apart", + "go to pieces" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose one's emotional or mental composure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ], + "it": [ + "divampare", + "scatenarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel indifferent towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly high" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be elated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow", + "beam", + "radiate", + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience a feeling of well-being or happiness, as from good health or an intense emotion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be exuberant or high-spirited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to feel enthusiasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be enthusiastic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disarm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less hostile; win over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgruntle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a bad mood or into bad humour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "excite suddenly and intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "frighten or scare, and often provoke into a violent action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obsess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be preoccupied with something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be uncertain about; think about without fully understanding or being able to decide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "articolare", + "muovere", + "spostare", + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take position in the rear, as in a military formation or in the line of scrimmage in football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit the dirt", + "hit the deck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or drop suddenly, usually to evade some danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slip or fall out of place, as of body parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dash violently or with great speed or impetuosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move gently or carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a whishing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand still" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain in place; hold still; remain fixed or immobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze", + "stop dead" + ], + "it": [ + "inchiodarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop moving or become immobilized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind to a halt", + "get stuck", + "bog down", + "mire" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccarsi", + "incastrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unable to move further" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mire", + "bog down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to get stuck as if in a mire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move due to the pull of gravitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "go", + "move", + "locomote" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "spostarsi", + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare la propria posizione nello spazio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move lightly, as if suspended" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move data into and out of core rather than performing useful computation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move (a piece of a program) into memory, in computer science" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to or towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a whining sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dispersed or disseminated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move like a floating object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover a certain distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ghost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move like a ghost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betake oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "displace oneself; go from one location to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass over", + "overfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in aereo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "red-eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on an overnight flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by means of an aircraft, bus, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride or float on an inflated tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo transportation as in a vehicle" + ], + "it": [ + "spostarsi con mezzi di trasporto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct one's course or way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sheer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steer a vehicle to the side of the road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel or traverse (a distance)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "navigate in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly or suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go out" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave the house to go somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by raft in water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get around", + "get about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around; move from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "trip", + "jaunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a trip for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "junketeer", + "junket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on a pleasure trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repair", + "resort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move, travel, or proceed toward some place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel to", + "visit" + ], + "it": [ + "visitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to certain places as for sightseeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sightsee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visit famous or interesting sights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit", + "inspect" + ], + "it": [ + "ispezionare", + "visitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to see in an official or professional capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revisit" + ], + "it": [ + "rivisitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visit again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frequent", + "haunt" + ], + "it": [ + "frequentare", + "praticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail or travel about for pleasure, relaxation, or sightseeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "viaggiare a velocità di crociera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel at a moderate speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stooge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cruise in slow or routine flights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tour" + ], + "it": [ + "andare a fare un viaggio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a tour of a certain place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "globe-trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel all over the world for pleasure and sightseeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the road" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give theatrical performances while traveling from town to town" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "journey" + ], + "it": [ + "viaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undertake a journey or trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in or travel with a sledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "voyage", + "sail", + "navigate" + ], + "it": [ + "navigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on water propelled by wind or by other means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sail" + ], + "it": [ + "navigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traverse or travel on (a body of water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "journey" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel upon or across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a long and difficult journey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "journey on foot, especially in the mountains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride over, along, or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel over (an area of land or sea) in an aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fly or float" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly a kite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay in place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be stationary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move over", + "give way", + "give", + "ease up", + "yield" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in order to make room for someone for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go", + "go away", + "depart" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move away from a place into another direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shove off", + "shove along", + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "smammare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave; informal or rude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come", + "come up" + ], + "it": [ + "venire", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "come near" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come near in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow late or (of time) elapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approach while driving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move", + "displace" + ], + "it": [ + "spostare", + "muovere", + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an agitated manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move text to the previous line; in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center", + "centre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into the center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-enter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise (gases or fluids) with a pump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move up and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ], + "it": [ + "pompare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw or pour with a pump" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour out of one vessel into another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "siphon", + "syphon", + "siphon off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey, draw off, or empty by or as if by a siphon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause or enable to pass through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw through a sluice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in or send down a sluice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "take out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take liquid out of a container or well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw (liquor) from a tap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove or draw away by the force of suction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suck" + ], + "it": [ + "aspirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw something in by or as if by a vacuum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw off from the lees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplant", + "transfer" + ], + "it": [ + "trapiantare", + "travasare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift and reset in another soil or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move a light beam over; in electronics, to reproduce an image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "trapiantarsi", + "trasferirsi", + "traslocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change residence, affiliation, or place of employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into a new house or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy a place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of one's old house or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out and leave nothing behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuate" + ], + "it": [ + "sfollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of an unsafe location into safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migrate", + "transmigrate" + ], + "it": [ + "migrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from one country or region to another and settle there" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "migrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move periodically or seasonally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay", + "stick", + "stick around", + "stay put" + ], + "it": [ + "restare", + "rimanere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay put (in a certain place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "start up" + ], + "it": [ + "attivare", + "avviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get going or set in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick-start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start (a motorcycle) by means of a kick starter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-wire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start (a car engine) without a key by bypassing the ignition interlock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rein", + "rein in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop or check by or as if by a pull at the reins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rein in to keep from winning a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restart", + "re-start" + ], + "it": [ + "riavviare", + "rimettere in marcia" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start an engine again, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crank", + "crank up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start by cranking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "round" + ], + "it": [ + "doppiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind around; move along a circular course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumpstart", + "jump-start", + "jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start (a car engine whose battery is dead) by connecting it to another car's battery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop" + ], + "it": [ + "fermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i30999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halt", + "hold", + "arrest" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "fermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come to a sudden stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop filming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an abrupt change of image or sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly to another scene or focus when filming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to another scene when filming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flag down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "signal to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "halt" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "arrestarsi", + "bloccare", + "fermarsi", + "sostare", + "stagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to a halt, stop moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull up short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop for a moment, as if out of uncertainty or caution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop in a chase especially when scent is lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abandon the intended prey, turn, and pursue an inferior prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn on a dime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a small turning radius" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rein", + "rein in" + ], + "it": [ + "frenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop or slow up one's horse or oneself by or as if by pulling the reins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall", + "conk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to a stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause an engine to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ], + "it": [ + "far andare in stallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause an airplane to go into a stall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in stallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience a stall in flight, of airplanes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "stop over" + ], + "it": [ + "sostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt a trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw up", + "pull up", + "haul up" + ], + "it": [ + "frenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to a halt after driving somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw up", + "pull up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a vehicle) to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ], + "it": [ + "frenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stop by applying the brakes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brake" + ], + "it": [ + "frenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop travelling by applying a brake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel a route regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "go", + "get going" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin or set in motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off the ground", + "take off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get started or set in motion, used figuratively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch", + "pitch", + "shift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jolt", + "jar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or cause to move with a sudden jerky motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jar", + "shake up", + "bump around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shock physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassarsi", + "scansare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move (the head or body) quickly downwards or away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move up and down repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bob forward and under so as to feed off the bottom of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move (a baby) up and down in one's arms or on one's knees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob around", + "bob about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move up and down with no specific path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wallow", + "welter" + ], + "it": [ + "sguazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "turn over" + ], + "it": [ + "rotolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by turning over or rotating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll around the rim of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "revolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move by turning over or in a circular manner of as if on an axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revolve (the telescope of a surveying transit) about its horizontal transverse axis in order to reverse its direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass across (a sign or house of the zodiac) or pass across (the disk of a celestial body or the meridian of a place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer a quantity from one side of an equation to the other side reversing its sign, in order to maintain equality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp down", + "trample", + "tread down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk on and flatten" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "somersault" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un salto mortale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do a somersault" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a rolling motion or turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll over and over, back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trundle" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare lentamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waver", + "weave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sway to and fro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "writhe", + "wrestle", + "wriggle", + "worm", + "squirm", + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "dibattersi", + "divincolare", + "storcersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sudden twisting motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wreathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with slow, sinuous movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wobble", + "coggle" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidle", + "sashay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move unobtrusively or furtively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump straight up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep", + "sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with sweeping, effortless, gliding motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweep majestically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brush", + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "sfiorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweep across or over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid", + "slip", + "slue", + "slew", + "slide" + ], + "it": [ + "derapare", + "scivolare di lato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move obliquely or sideways, usually in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submarine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move forward or under in a sliding motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinare", + "slittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slide without control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "side-slip" + ], + "it": [ + "derapare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slide sideways through the air in a downward direction in an airplane along an inclined lateral axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a brake or skid to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wamble", + "waggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move unsteadily or with a weaving or rolling motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmy", + "wobble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tremble or shake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jostle", + "shove" + ], + "it": [ + "spintonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into rough contact with while moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "premere", + "spingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press against forcefully without moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move strenuously and with effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push or move with the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push out", + "obtrude", + "thrust out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push to thrust outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push aside", + "push away" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "scostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push out of the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force one's way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uplift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift up or elevate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boost up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elbow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push one's way with the elbows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoulder in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push one's way in with one's shoulders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be driven or carried along, as by the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be carried with the tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to float with the tide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set afloat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be carried by a current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refloat" + ], + "it": [ + "disincagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set afloat again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel purposefully" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel volitionally and in a certain direction with a certain goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock", + "sway", + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "cullare", + "cullarsi", + "dondolare", + "fluttuare", + "ondeggiare", + "scuotere", + "sbandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move back and forth or sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move, rock, or sway from side to side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alternate the direction of motion of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rock", + "sway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nutate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rock, sway, or nod; usually involuntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swag" + ], + "it": [ + "agitarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sway heavily or unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move back and forth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in one direction and then into the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold or place in or as if in a cradle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluctuate", + "vacillate", + "waver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or sway in a rising and falling or wavelike pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluctuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to fluctuate or move in a wavelike pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "sway" + ], + "it": [ + "ondeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change direction with a swinging motion; turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sway gently back and forth, as in a nodding motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lash or flick about sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oscillate", + "vibrate" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or swing from side to side regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oscillate about a desired speed, position, or state to an undesirable extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "librate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vibrate before coming to a total rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flicker", + "waver", + "flitter", + "flutter", + "quiver" + ], + "it": [ + "oscillare", + "tremare", + "tremolare", + "vacillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move back and forth very rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing around", + "swing about", + "turn around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn abruptly and face the other way, either physically or metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulsate", + "throb", + "pulse" + ], + "it": [ + "pulsare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expand and contract rhythmically; beat rhythmically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulsate", + "beat", + "quiver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with or as if with a regular alternating motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive by or as if by pulsation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpitate", + "flutter" + ], + "it": [ + "palpitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "pound", + "thump" + ], + "it": [ + "martellare", + "pulsare", + "battere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move rhythmically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat so fast that (the heart's) output starts dropping until (it) does not manage to pump out blood at all" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat out", + "tap out", + "thump out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beat out a rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indicate by beating, as with the fingers or drumsticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teeter", + "seesaw", + "totter" + ], + "it": [ + "traballare", + "vacillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move unsteadily, with a rocking motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "wander", + "swan", + "stray", + "tramp", + "roam", + "cast", + "ramble", + "rove", + "range", + "drift", + "vagabond" + ], + "it": [ + "corseggiare", + "dipartire", + "errare", + "girandolare", + "girondolare", + "girovagare", + "pellegrinare", + "peregrinare", + "ramingare", + "vagabondare", + "vagolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maunder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wander aimlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk", + "take the air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a walk; go for a walk; walk for pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a walk for one's health or to aid digestion, as after a meal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallivant", + "gad", + "jazz around" + ], + "it": [ + "bighellonare", + "gironzolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wander aimlessly in search of pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weave", + "wind", + "thread", + "meander", + "wander" + ], + "it": [ + "serpeggiare", + "snodarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake" + ], + "it": [ + "strisciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along a winding path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shift", + "dislodge", + "reposition" + ], + "it": [ + "spostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change place or direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dislodge from a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frolic", + "lark", + "rollick", + "skylark", + "disport", + "sport", + "cavort", + "gambol", + "frisk", + "romp", + "run around", + "lark about" + ], + "it": [ + "ruzzare", + "saltellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play boisterously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge", + "spurt", + "spirt" + ], + "it": [ + "scattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or act with a sudden increase in speed or energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move ahead steadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck", + "jerk", + "hitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump vertically, with legs stiff and back arched" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cant", + "cant over", + "tilt", + "slant", + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heel over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cock" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tilt or slant to one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "careen", + "wobble", + "shift", + "tilt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move sideways or in an unsteady way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scend", + "surge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise or heave upward under the influence of a natural force such as a wave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "churn", + "boil", + "moil", + "roil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be agitated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agitate the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winnow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl", + "creep" + ], + "it": [ + "strisciare", + "trascinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crawl about like ants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scramble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move hurriedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slither", + "slide" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to pass or move unobtrusively or smoothly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move effortlessly; by force of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freewheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coast in a vehicle using the freewheel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel", + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along on or as if on wheels or a wheeled vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bowl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "roll (a ball)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move round and round" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glide" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare silenziosamente", + "entrare silenziosamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move smoothly and effortlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move or pass silently, smoothly, or imperceptibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glide easily along a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move smoothly and sinuously, like a snake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steal", + "slip" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremble" + ], + "it": [ + "tremare", + "tremolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tremor", + "quake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake with seismic vibrations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shudder", + "shiver", + "throb", + "thrill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quiver", + "quake", + "palpitate" + ], + "it": [ + "tremolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake with fast, tremulous movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "palpitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to throb or beat rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake", + "agitate" + ], + "it": [ + "agitare", + "dimenare", + "dondolare", + "sbattere", + "scrollare", + "scuotere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or cause to move back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake uncontrollably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agitate by introducing air or compressed gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succuss", + "shake up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake; especially (a patient to detect fluids or air in the body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake and cause to make a rattling noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convulse", + "thresh", + "thresh about", + "thrash", + "thrash about", + "slash", + "toss", + "jactitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or stir about violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrash about flexibly in the manner of a whiplash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vibrate" + ], + "it": [ + "ondeggiare", + "tremare", + "vibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake, quiver, or throb; move back and forth rapidly, usually in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brachiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swing from one hold to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judder", + "shake" + ], + "it": [ + "scotere", + "scrollare", + "scuotere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jerk", + "twitch" + ], + "it": [ + "sobbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with abrupt, seemingly uncontrolled motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce", + "resile", + "take a hop", + "spring", + "bound", + "rebound", + "recoil", + "reverberate", + "ricochet" + ], + "it": [ + "rimbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring back; spring away from an impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce", + "jounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move up and down repeatedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skip", + "bound off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bound off one point after another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rebound after hitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "toss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lightly throw to see which side comes up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capsize", + "turtle", + "turn turtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overturn accidentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move with a flick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flip", + "twitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toss with a sharp movement so as to cause to turn over in the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "click" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or strike with a noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir", + "shift", + "budge", + "agitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move very slightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arouse", + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "agitarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to begin moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "mescolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move an implement through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to proceed quickly and easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare", + "danzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a graceful and rhythmical way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glissade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a glissade, in ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chasse", + "sashay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a chasse step, in ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a capriole, in ballet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bop", + "bebop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the bebop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance erotically or dance with the pelvis thrust forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twist" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare il twist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do the twist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waltz", + "waltz around" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare il valzer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a waltz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tapdance", + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance and make rhythmic clicking sounds by means of metal plates nailed to the sole of the dance shoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tango" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a tango" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the shag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foxtrot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the foxtrot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradance", + "country-dance", + "contredanse", + "contra danse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a contradance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break dance", + "break-dance", + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do a break dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cakewalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform the cakewalk dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conga" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the conga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "samba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the samba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the two-step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Charleston" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the Charleston" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boogie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance to boogie music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cha-cha" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the cha-cha" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance to disco music" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mambo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a mambo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "polka" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a polka" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "one-step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the one-step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhumba", + "rumba" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the rhumba" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam dance", + "slam", + "mosh", + "thrash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the slam dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance a quick dance with leaping and kicking motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jitterbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do the jitterbug" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jiggle", + "joggle", + "wiggle" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenare", + "oscillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to and fro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wag", + "waggle" + ], + "it": [ + "dimenare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from side to side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "folk dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a folk-dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square dance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance in formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "call off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quickstep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a quickstep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "spingere con forza" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrust down or into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dart" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with sudden speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flit", + "flutter", + "fleet", + "dart" + ], + "it": [ + "svolazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "butterfly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flutter like a butterfly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flap the wings rapidly or fly with flapping movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumble", + "trip" + ], + "it": [ + "incespicare", + "inciampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miss a step and fall or nearly fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "founder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stumble and nearly fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trip", + "trip up" + ], + "it": [ + "falciare", + "fare lo sgambetto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stumble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lollop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk clumsily and with a bounce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk with a tapping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumble", + "falter", + "bumble" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "muoversi goffamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falter", + "waver" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move hesitatingly, as if about to give way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trot", + "jog", + "clip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run at a moderately swift pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to trot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "undulate", + "flap", + "wave" + ], + "it": [ + "agitare", + "fluttuare", + "sventolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mill", + "mill about", + "mill around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move about in a confused manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luff" + ], + "it": [ + "fileggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flap when the wind is blowing equally on both sides" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scurry", + "scamper", + "skitter", + "scuttle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to move about or proceed hurriedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scurry sideways like a crab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float", + "drift", + "be adrift", + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in motion due to some air or water current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an unhurried fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide", + "surge" + ], + "it": [ + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise or move forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ebb", + "ebb away", + "ebb down", + "ebb out", + "ebb off" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescere", + "riabbassarsi", + "scendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow back or recede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall back" + ], + "it": [ + "ripiegare", + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move back and away from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float", + "swim" + ], + "it": [ + "notare", + "nuotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be afloat either on or below a liquid surface and not sink to the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move as if gliding through water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "float on the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ], + "it": [ + "camminare", + "andare a piedi", + "percorrere a piedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use one's feet to advance; advance by steps" + ], + "it": [ + "spostarsi usando le proprie gambe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spacewalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in space outside a space craft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "leg it", + "hoof", + "hoof it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk so that the toes assume an indicated position or direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chariot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a chariot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ], + "it": [ + "portare a spasso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany or escort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "svoltare", + "volgersi", + "voltare", + "voltarsi", + "girare", + "girarsi", + "virare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn or go to the port or left side, of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move so as not face somebody or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn to the right side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "about-face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn, usually 180 degrees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caracole" + ], + "it": [ + "caracollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a half turn on a horse, in dressage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn a corner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overturn", + "turn over", + "tip over", + "tump over" + ], + "it": [ + "capovolgersi", + "ribaltarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn from an upright or normal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become turned or set on end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "move around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass to the other side of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overturn", + "tip over", + "turn over", + "upset", + "knock over", + "bowl over", + "tump over" + ], + "it": [ + "capovolgere", + "ribaltare", + "rovesciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to overturn from an upright or normal position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "startle", + "jump", + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "sussultare", + "trasalire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shy" + ], + "it": [ + "scartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start suddenly, as from fright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "startle with amazement or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traipse", + "shlep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk or tramp about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perambulate", + "walk about", + "walk around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk with no particular goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumambulate", + "walk around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk around something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel around something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumnavigate", + "compass" + ], + "it": [ + "circumnavigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel around, either by plane or ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ambulate" + ], + "it": [ + "ambulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk about; not be bedridden or incapable of walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak", + "mouse", + "creep", + "pussyfoot" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare furtivamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to go stealthily or furtively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traverse", + "track", + "cover", + "cross", + "pass over", + "get over", + "get across", + "cut through", + "cut across" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare", + "percorrere", + "superare", + "tagliare", + "valicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel across or pass over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover or traverse by taking long steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traverse or cover by walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crisscross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross in a pattern, often random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrate", + "pass through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through an enemy line; in a military conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass into or through by filtering or permeating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a liquid) to enter by penetrating the interstices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ford" + ], + "it": [ + "guadare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross a river where it's shallow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet and pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decussate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross or intersect so as to form a cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move as if by clawing, seizing, or digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jostle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's way by jostling, pushing, or shoving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross" + ], + "it": [ + "accavallare", + "incrociare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold so as to resemble a cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncross" + ], + "it": [ + "disincrociare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from a crossed to an uncrossed position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover by running; run a certain distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross over on a bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jaywalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cross the road at a red light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transit", + "pass through", + "move through", + "pass across", + "pass over" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a passage or journey from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through or across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass directly and often in haste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slice into", + "slice through" + ], + "it": [ + "fendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move through a body or an object with a slicing motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk (through relatively shallow water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "puddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wade or dabble in a puddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tittup", + "swagger", + "ruffle", + "prance", + "strut", + "sashay", + "cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleepwalk", + "somnambulate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "camminare nel sonno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk in one's sleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limp", + "gimp", + "hobble", + "hitch" + ], + "it": [ + "arrancare", + "claudicare", + "zoppicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk impeded by some physical limitation or injury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffle", + "scuffle", + "shamble" + ], + "it": [ + "strusciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk by dragging one's feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scuff", + "drag" + ], + "it": [ + "strisciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk without lifting the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stroll", + "saunter" + ], + "it": [ + "andare a spasso", + "bighellonare", + "girandolare", + "girellare", + "girondolare", + "gironzolare", + "passeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk leisurely and with no apparent aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amble", + "mosey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk leisurely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prowl" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "aggirarsi furtivamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move about in or as if in a predatory manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mope", + "mope around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around slowly and aimlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toddle", + "coggle", + "totter", + "dodder", + "paddle", + "waddle" + ], + "it": [ + "sgambettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "totter" + ], + "it": [ + "barcollare", + "tentennare", + "traballare", + "vacillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move without being stable, as if threatening to fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promenade" + ], + "it": [ + "passeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a leisurely walk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march" + ], + "it": [ + "marciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk fast, with regular or measured steps; walk with a stride" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk with long steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or march as if in a crowd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed in line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter by marching in a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exit briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "file out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march out, in a file" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tramp" + ], + "it": [ + "percorrere a piedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on foot, especially on a walking expedition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk a long way, as for pleasure or physical exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slog", + "footslog", + "plod", + "trudge", + "pad", + "tramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squelch", + "squish", + "splash", + "splosh", + "slosh", + "slop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk through mud or mire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamber", + "scramble", + "shin", + "shinny", + "skin", + "struggle", + "sputter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb awkwardly, as if by scrambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb", + "climb up", + "mount", + "go up" + ], + "it": [ + "arrampicarsi", + "montare", + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go upward with gradual or continuous progress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb up by means of a ladder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escalade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb up and over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "creep up -- used especially of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mountaineer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb mountains for pleasure as a sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rappel", + "abseil", + "rope down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower oneself with a rope coiled around the body from a mountainside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop on", + "mount", + "mount up", + "get on", + "jump on", + "climb on", + "bestride" + ], + "it": [ + "inforcare", + "montare", + "montare a cavallo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get up on the back of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mount again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop out", + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get out of quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with difficulty, by grasping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tiptoe", + "tip", + "tippytoe" + ], + "it": [ + "camminare in punta di piedi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk on one's toes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk stiffly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk emphatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade", + "troop", + "promenade" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilare", + "marciare in corteo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march in a procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parade", + "exhibit", + "march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk ostentatiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagger", + "reel", + "keel", + "lurch", + "swag", + "careen" + ], + "it": [ + "barcollare", + "traballare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk as if unable to control one's movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagger", + "flounder" + ], + "it": [ + "annaspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk with great difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stomp", + "stamp", + "stump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lumber", + "pound" + ], + "it": [ + "muoversi pesantemente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move heavily or clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stray", + "err", + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wander from a direct course or at random" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpack", + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hike with a backpack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "correre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "romp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run easily and fairly fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run bases" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run around the bases, in baseball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run naked in a public place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run with the ball; in such sports as football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outrun" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run faster than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "consort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail before the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear down on", + "bear down upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail towards another vessel, of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luff", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail close to the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail to the windward of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run for exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run very fast, usually for a short distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shift or move by taking a step" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "step backwards, in boxing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goose step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march in a military fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace" + ], + "it": [ + "camminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk with slow or fast paces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread", + "trample" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tread or stomp heavily or roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treadle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tread over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slouch" + ], + "it": [ + "camminare dinoccolato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk slovenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mince" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk daintily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clump", + "clomp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "motor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel or be transported in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed along in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "automobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in an automobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "muovere", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate or control a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive a coach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test a vehicle by driving it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steer", + "maneuver", + "manoeuver", + "manoeuvre", + "direct", + "point", + "head", + "guide", + "channelize", + "channelise" + ], + "it": [ + "manovrare", + "sterzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct the course; determine the direction of travelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "helm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at or take the helm of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct (an aircraft) into a crosswind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct carefully and safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steer away from shore, of ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "starboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn to the right, of helms or rudders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct or direct the steering of a ship or plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide with a beacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "navigate", + "pilot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as the navigator in a car, plane, or vessel and plan, direct, plot the path and position of the conveyance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "astrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide in interplanetary travel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "channel", + "canalize", + "canalise" + ], + "it": [ + "canalizzare", + "convogliare", + "dirigere", + "incanalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct the flow of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner", + "tree" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force a person or an animal into a position from which he cannot escape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "park" + ], + "it": [ + "parcheggiare", + "posteggiare", + "sostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maneuver a vehicle into a parking space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle-park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "park at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel-park" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "park directly behind another vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-park" + ], + "it": [ + "parcheggiare in doppia fila" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "park a vehicle alongside another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct (oneself) somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigere", + "dirigersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to go or travel towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bicycle", + "cycle", + "bike", + "pedal", + "wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "pedalare", + "andare in bicicletta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unicycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a unicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backpedal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pedal backwards on a bicycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorbike", + "motorcycle", + "cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a motorcycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ], + "it": [ + "calciare", + "scalciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrash about or strike out with the feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a motion as with one's fist or foot towards an object or away from one's body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train", + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by rail or train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skate" + ], + "it": [ + "pattinare", + "schettinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along on skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread-eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execute a spread eagle on skates, with arms and legs stretched out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along on ice skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance on skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roller skate" + ], + "it": [ + "schettinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on shoes with steel or rubber rollers attached to their soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skateboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride on a flat board with rollers attached to the bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Rollerblade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on shoes with a single line of rubber wheels attached to their soles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed skate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "race on skates" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski" + ], + "it": [ + "sciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along on skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wedel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ski, alternating directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hot-dog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform intricate maneuvers while skiing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schuss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ski downhill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slalom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "race on skis around obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sled", + "sleigh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride (on) a sled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dogsled", + "mush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel with a dogsled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "urge forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive (a team of dogs or a dogsled)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bobsled", + "bob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a bobsled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toboggan", + "luge" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in slittino", + "slittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along on a luge or toboggan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water ski" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride water skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly", + "wing" + ], + "it": [ + "volare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel through the air; be airborne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly in high wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly in a flock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue flying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly", + "aviate", + "pilot" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "pilotare", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate an airplane" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre un aereo (e simili) regolandone direzione e velocità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly an airplane solely by relying on instruments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly contact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly a plane by using visible landmarks or points of reference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly alone, without a co-pilot or passengers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly a jet plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly in or as if in a glider plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "soar or fly like a kite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plane", + "skim" + ], + "it": [ + "planare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on the surface of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquaplane" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride on an aquaplane" + ], + "it": [ + "praticare l'acquaplano" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sailplane", + "soar" + ], + "it": [ + "veleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly a plane without an engine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hydroplane", + "seaplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glide on the water in a hydroplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly upwards or high in the sky" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang in the air; fly or be suspended above" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be motionless, in suspension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soar", + "soar up", + "soar upwards", + "surge", + "zoom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be erected, built, or constructed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rocket", + "skyrocket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot up abruptly, like a rocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levitate", + "hover" + ], + "it": [ + "librarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suspended in the air, as if in defiance of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to rise in the air and float, as if in defiance of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a boat on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamer", + "steam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by means of steam power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tram" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by tram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorboat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a motorboat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yacht" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in a yacht" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on water propelled by wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare", + "sbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail with much tacking or with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scud", + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run before a gale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sail closer to the wind than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tack", + "wear round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away from the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jibe", + "gybe", + "jib", + "change course" + ], + "it": [ + "strambare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shift from one side of the ship to the other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "row" + ], + "it": [ + "remare", + "remigare", + "vogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with oars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate when rowing a boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with sculls" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canoe" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in canoa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by canoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kayak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in a small canoe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel with a paddle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfboard", + "surf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride the waves of the sea with a surfboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body-surf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride the crest of a wave without a surfboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "windsurf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride standing on a surfboard with an attached sail, on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balloon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a hot-air balloon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taxi", + "cab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a taxicab" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a bus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by ferry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caravan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in a caravan" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferry" + ], + "it": [ + "traghettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by ferry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheelbarrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in a wheelbarrow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chariot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in a chariot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport on a raft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send or move around by bus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by pipeline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by barge on a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by railroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transport", + "send", + "ship" + ], + "it": [ + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport commercially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-ship", + "airfreight", + "air-freight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport (cargo) by air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport commercially as cargo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send", + "direct" + ], + "it": [ + "mandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to send or let go" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divert" + ], + "it": [ + "deviare", + "dirottare", + "sviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send on a course or in a direction different from the planned or intended one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "route" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divert in a specified direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "route" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send via a specific route" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send back to a committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redirect", + "airt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "channel into a new direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublimate" + ], + "it": [ + "sublimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct energy or urges into useful activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desexualize", + "desexualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct one's libidinous urges into another direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move something or somebody around; usually over long distances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey (goods etc.) by truck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey (goods etc.) by rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in a sleigh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lighter" + ], + "it": [ + "alleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport in a flatbottom boat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bundle off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send off unceremoniously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "despatch", + "send off" + ], + "it": [ + "inviare", + "spedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send away towards a designated goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "route" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send documents or materials to appropriate destinations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forward", + "send on" + ], + "it": [ + "inoltrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hedgehop", + "flat-hat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "volare raso terra" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly very close to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang glide", + "soar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly by means of a hang glider" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be carried or travel on or in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aquaplane" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in aquaplaning" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise up onto a thin film of water between the tires and road so that there is no more contact with the road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joyride", + "tool", + "tool around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride in a car with no particular goal and just for the pleasure of it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hitchhike", + "hitch", + "thumb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel by getting free rides from motorists" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a passenger or a hitchhiker a lift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowmobile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a snowmobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piggyback" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride on someone's shoulders or back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride", + "sit" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalcare", + "montare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "override" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride (a horse) too hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride herd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "driving animals such as horses and cattle while riding along with them" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride better, faster, or further than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unhorse", + "dismount", + "light", + "get off", + "get down" + ], + "it": [ + "smontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alight from (a horse)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride horseback" + ], + "it": [ + "cavalcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride on horseback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride a horse such that it springs and bounds forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a horse) to bound spring forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spring forward on the hind legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride at a canter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride at a cantering pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canter" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go at a canter, of horses" + ], + "it": [ + "andare a piccolo galoppo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk at a pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallop" + ], + "it": [ + "galoppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride at a galloping pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride Western style and bob up and down in the saddle in rhythm with a horse's trotting gait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallop", + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move at full gallop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "single-foot", + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go at a rack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gallop" + ], + "it": [ + "galoppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go at galloping speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trot" + ], + "it": [ + "trottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride at a trot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swim" + ], + "it": [ + "notare", + "nuotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel through water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim in or form a large group of fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin", + "break water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show the fins above the water while swimming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propel oneself through the water in a finning motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim like a dog in shallow water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim by doing the crawl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breaststroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim with the face down and extend the arms forward and outward while kicking with the leg" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backstroke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim on one's back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skinny-dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bathe in the nude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive" + ], + "it": [ + "tuffarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plunge into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skin-dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swim underwater with no breathing apparatus other than a snorkel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly-flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dive so that one hits the water with one's belly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackknife" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dive into the water bending the body at the waist at a right angle, like a jackknife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "power-dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a power dive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snorkel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dive with a snorkel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "leap", + "bound", + "spring" + ], + "it": [ + "balzare", + "buttarsi", + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move forward by leaps and bounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move suddenly, energetically, or violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leap suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capriole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a capriole, of horses in dressage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "galumph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around heavily and clumsily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "leap" + ], + "it": [ + "far saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to jump or leap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ski jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump on skis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leap or skip, often in dancing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "saltate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by saltation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bound vigorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leapfrog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or jump suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vault", + "overleap" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump across or leap over (an obstacle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curvet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a leap where both hind legs come off the ground, of a horse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap out", + "rush out", + "sally out", + "burst forth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump out from a hiding place and surprise (someone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avalanche", + "roll down" + ], + "it": [ + "ruzzolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather into a huge mass and roll down a mountain, of snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop", + "skip", + "hop-skip" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare", + "saltarellare", + "saltellare", + "salterellare", + "salticchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump about playfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump a hurdle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dive", + "plunge", + "plunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop steeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nosedive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plunge nose first; drop with the nose or front first, of aircraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "duck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submerge or plunge suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash-dive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descend steeply and rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sky dive", + "skydive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump from an airplane and perform various maneuvers before opening one's parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chute", + "parachute", + "jump" + ], + "it": [ + "paracadutarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump from an airplane and descend with a parachute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "lift", + "arise", + "move up", + "go up", + "come up", + "uprise" + ], + "it": [ + "alzarsi", + "innalzarsi", + "salire", + "sollevarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise in bubbles or as if in bubbles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend", + "go up" + ], + "it": [ + "montare", + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uplift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift up from the earth, as by geologic forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend", + "move up", + "rise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to a better position in life or to a better job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become a queen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chandelle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb suddenly and steeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam" + ], + "it": [ + "fumare", + "fummare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise as vapor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "come up", + "uprise", + "ascend" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere", + "sorgere", + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up, of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set", + "go down", + "go under" + ], + "it": [ + "calare", + "tramontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappear beyond the horizon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descend", + "fall", + "go down", + "come down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassarsi", + "calare", + "diminuire", + "ribassare", + "scendere", + "slittare", + "discendere", + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline", + "slump", + "correct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go down in value" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall vertically, sharply, or headlong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink", + "subside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descend into or as if into some soft substance or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink", + "pass", + "lapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass into a specified state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descend in free fall under the influence of gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere", + "precipitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or come down violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall suddenly and abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall loosely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "infrangersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lower", + "take down", + "let down", + "get down", + "bring down" + ], + "it": [ + "ribassare", + "abbassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move something or somebody to a lower position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower (one's body) as by kneeling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reef" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower and bring partially inboard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift", + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move upwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower (prices or markets)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "lift", + "elevate", + "get up", + "bring up" + ], + "it": [ + "elevare", + "esporre", + "innalzare", + "sollevare", + "alzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise from a lower to a higher position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise or support (the level of printing) by inserting a piece of paper or cardboard under the type" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elevate onto skids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinnacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise on or as if on a pinnacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chin", + "chin up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise oneself while hanging from one's hands until one's chin is level with the support bar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise", + "leaven", + "prove" + ], + "it": [ + "lievitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to puff up with a leaven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heighten" + ], + "it": [ + "rialzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the height of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hike", + "hike up", + "boost" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up", + "lift up", + "gather up" + ], + "it": [ + "levare", + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take and lift upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip", + "douse", + "duck" + ], + "it": [ + "tuffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dip into a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabble" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dip a foot or hand briefly into a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tumble", + "topple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall down, as if collapsing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keel over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn over and fall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to fall vertically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunge", + "dump" + ], + "it": [ + "sbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop with the sound of something falling into water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop something with a plopping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop (stuff) in a heap or mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "mollare", + "sganciare", + "cadere", + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let fall to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let drop or droop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plonk down", + "plump down", + "plank down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plummet", + "plump" + ], + "it": [ + "calare a piombo", + "crollare", + "precipitare", + "calare a zero", + "calare bruscamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop sharply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flump", + "flump down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or plunge forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alight", + "climb down" + ], + "it": [ + "posarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alight", + "light", + "perch" + ], + "it": [ + "posarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to come to rest, settle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force-land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a forced landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land on a beach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land at or reach a port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disembark", + "debark", + "set down" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go ashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embark", + "ship" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarcarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "board a train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come or bring (a plane) to a landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land", + "set down" + ], + "it": [ + "posarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach or come to rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive in" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive by motorcar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undershoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall short of (the runway) in a landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belly-land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "land on the underside without the landing gear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an emergency landing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an emergency landing on water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land", + "put down", + "bring down" + ], + "it": [ + "atterrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to come to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "down", + "shoot down", + "land" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere", + "atterrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot at and force to come down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land", + "set ashore", + "shore" + ], + "it": [ + "approdare", + "attraccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive on shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear", + "rise up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rear backwards on its hind legs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start with anger or resentment or in protest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straighten" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get up from a sitting or slouching position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop open", + "fall open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open involuntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume", + "take", + "strike", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy or take on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw up", + "pull up", + "straighten up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straighten oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear", + "erect" + ], + "it": [ + "dirizzare", + "drizzare", + "innalzare", + "rizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to rise up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prick up", + "prick", + "cock up" + ], + "it": [ + "rizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "prove" + ], + "it": [ + "lievitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase in volume" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arise", + "rise", + "uprise", + "get up", + "stand up" + ], + "it": [ + "alzarsi", + "rizzarsi", + "sollevarsi", + "alzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise to one's feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the floor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand up to dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle", + "uprise", + "stand up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise up as in fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change posture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a change in bodily posture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drop oneself to a lower or less erect position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "fall down" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere", + "cascare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose an upright position suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regain an upright or proper position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in or restore to an upright position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit down", + "sit" + ], + "it": [ + "accomodarsi", + "sedere", + "sedersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie down", + "lie" + ], + "it": [ + "adagiarsi", + "coricarsi", + "distendersi", + "sdraiarsi", + "stendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a reclining position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stretch out" + ], + "it": [ + "allungarsi", + "distendersi", + "sdraiarsi", + "stendersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie down comfortably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie down on command, of hunting dogs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sag", + "droop", + "swag", + "flag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sag", + "sag down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink", + "drop", + "drop down" + ], + "it": [ + "accasciarsi", + "avvallarsi", + "infossarsi", + "sprofondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or descend to a lower place or level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subside", + "settle" + ], + "it": [ + "decrescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sink down or precipitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sink to a lower level or form a depression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ], + "it": [ + "decantare", + "depositarsi", + "depurare", + "riposare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become clear by forming a sediment (of liquids)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become clear by the sinking of particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink" + ], + "it": [ + "affondare", + "inabissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to rest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "position" + ], + "it": [ + "posizionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be in an appropriate place, state, or relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "position so as to be square" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square up", + "jog", + "even up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "even up the edges of a stack of paper, in printing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glycerolize", + "glycerolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in glycerol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deglycerolize", + "deglycerolise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from glycerol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "space" + ], + "it": [ + "distanziare", + "spaziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place at intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshal" + ], + "it": [ + "schierare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in proper rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle", + "settle down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sediment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle as sediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sediment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deposit as a sediment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slump", + "slide down", + "sink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall or sink heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse", + "fall in", + "cave in", + "give", + "give way", + "break", + "founder" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere", + "cedere", + "crollare", + "franare", + "rompersi", + "sfondarsi", + "sprofondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break down, literally or metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse", + "burst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burst" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slump", + "slouch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a drooping posture or carriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sink", + "settle", + "go down", + "go under" + ], + "it": [ + "affondare", + "inabissarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go under" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "founder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sink below the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surface", + "come up", + "rise up", + "rise" + ], + "it": [ + "affiorare", + "emergere", + "venire a galla", + "risalire in superficie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uprise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ascend as a sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emerge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up to the surface of or rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reappear on the surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bubble up", + "intumesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move upwards in bubbles, as from the effect of heating; also used metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well", + "swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up, as of a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emerge from the surface of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "submerge", + "submerse" + ], + "it": [ + "immergersi", + "sommergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sink below the surface; go under or as if under water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zigzag", + "crank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel along a zigzag path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow", + "travel along" + ], + "it": [ + "percorrere", + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel along a certain course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heel" + ], + "it": [ + "tallonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow at the heels of a person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seesaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move up and down as if on a seesaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teeter-totter", + "teetertotter", + "seesaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride on a plank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "progress", + "pass on", + "move on", + "march on", + "go on" + ], + "it": [ + "avanzare", + "procedere", + "andare avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move forward, also in the metaphorical sense" + ], + "it": [ + "essere dotato di un moto spontaneo e difficilmente arrestabile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penetrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's way deeper into or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep up", + "sneak up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance stealthily or unnoticed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "encroach", + "infringe", + "impinge" + ], + "it": [ + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance beyond the usual limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press on", + "push on", + "plough on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue moving forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jam" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push down forcibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "string", + "string along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or come along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "bring forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance the forward part of with caution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance", + "set ahead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdraw", + "retreat", + "pull away", + "draw back", + "recede", + "pull back", + "retire", + "move back" + ], + "it": [ + "arretrare", + "indietreggiare", + "retrocedere", + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull back or move away or backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrograde", + "retreat" + ], + "it": [ + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrograde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a direction contrary to the usual one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrograde" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move backward in an orbit, of celestial bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "pull", + "pull out", + "get out", + "take out" + ], + "it": [ + "estrarre", + "sfoderare", + "trarre", + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "proceed", + "go forward", + "continue" + ], + "it": [ + "procedere", + "proseguire", + "andare avanti" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move ahead; travel onward in time or space" + ], + "it": [ + "muoversi in direzione di una meta" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's course or travel along a path; travel or pass over, around, or along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or proceed in a riotous, turbulent, or disorderly way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "limp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed slowly or with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barge", + "thrust ahead", + "push forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push one's way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march", + "process" + ], + "it": [ + "marciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march in a procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countermarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march back along the same way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ], + "it": [ + "fare marcia indietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of a space backwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to travel backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back up", + "back off", + "back down" + ], + "it": [ + "retrocedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move backwards from a certain position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lag", + "dawdle", + "fall back", + "fall behind" + ], + "it": [ + "restare indietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tailgate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow at a dangerously close distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sweeping movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to travel behind, go after, come after" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the point where one should be after a delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "even the score, in sports" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale", + "surmount" + ], + "it": [ + "scalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the highest point of" + ], + "it": [ + "arrampicarsi per raggiungere la sommità di un monte o la cima di una via di roccia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precede", + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move ahead (of others) in time or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel in front of; go in advance of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move ahead of (one's competitors) in a race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "take", + "direct", + "conduct", + "guide" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "menare", + "portare", + "accompagnare", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take somebody somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guide or conduct or usher somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mislead", + "misdirect", + "misguide", + "lead astray" + ], + "it": [ + "forviare", + "sviare", + "traviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usher", + "show" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marshal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead ceremoniously, as in a procession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursue", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow in or as if in pursuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go through (an area) in search of prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow" + ], + "it": [ + "pedinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow, usually without the person's knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue a line of scent or be a bearer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chase", + "chase after", + "trail", + "tail", + "tag", + "give chase", + "dog", + "go after", + "track" + ], + "it": [ + "inseguire", + "rincorrere", + "seguire le orme di", + "seguire le tracce di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go after with the intent to catch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive out or away by or as if by fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search the trail of (game)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chase away", + "drive out", + "turn back", + "drive away", + "dispel", + "drive off", + "run off" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "cacciare", + "fugare", + "rimuovere", + "scacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to go away; used both with concrete and metaphoric meanings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear the air" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispel differences or negative emotions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banish" + ], + "it": [ + "bandire", + "esiliare", + "scacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoo off", + "shoo", + "shoo away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive away by crying `shoo!'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hound", + "hunt", + "trace" + ], + "it": [ + "braccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue or chase relentlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ferret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hound or harry relentlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haunt", + "stalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue until captured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace", + "retrace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to go back over again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backtrack", + "turn back", + "double back" + ], + "it": [ + "fare marcia indietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retrace one's course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut back", + "flash back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "rientrare", + "ritornare", + "tornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return home accurately from a long distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go home", + "head home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to a previous position; in mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boomerang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to the initial position from where it came; like a boomerang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrive", + "get", + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress" + ], + "it": [ + "raggiungere una destinazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach and board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come", + "come in" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be received" + ], + "it": [ + "essere ricevuto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "hit", + "attain" + ], + "it": [ + "raggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a point in time, or a certain state or level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "max out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a maximum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break even" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attain a level at which there is neither gain nor loss, as in business, gambling, or a competitive sport" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access", + "get at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach or gain access to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive in great numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a high point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the low point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top out", + "peak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to reach the highest point; attain maximum intensity, activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depart", + "take leave", + "quit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away or leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave (a barracks) in order to take a place in a military formation, or leave a military formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk out of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave, usually as an expression of disapproval" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congee" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart after obtaining formal permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop off" + ], + "it": [ + "partire improvvisamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ], + "it": [ + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat a retreat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "go forth", + "go away" + ], + "it": [ + "partire", + "andarsene", + "uscire", + "abbandonare", + "lasciare", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away from a place" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare un luogo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk off", + "walk away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hightail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave as fast as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave abruptly, often in protest or anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come away" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave in a certain condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decamp", + "skip", + "vamoose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scram", + "buzz off", + "fuck off", + "get", + "bugger off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run off", + "run out", + "bolt", + "bolt out", + "beetle off" + ], + "it": [ + "scappare via" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave suddenly and as if in a hurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride off", + "ride away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ride away on a horse, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go out" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the field" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tarry", + "linger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave slowly and hesitantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dally", + "dawdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waste time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derail", + "jump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run off or leave the rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to run off the tracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunt" + ], + "it": [ + "smistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer to another track, of trains" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "shift" + ], + "it": [ + "spostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (a number, cipher, or remainder) to the next column or unit's place before or after, in addition or multiplication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move about, move back and forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transship" + ], + "it": [ + "trasbordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer for further transportation from one ship or conveyance to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer cargo from a ship to a warehouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry over", + "carry forward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer from one time period to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move, usually with force or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "force out", + "crowd out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press, force, or thrust out of a small space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evacuate" + ], + "it": [ + "sgomberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move people from their homes or country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depart", + "part", + "start", + "start out", + "set forth", + "set off", + "set out", + "take off" + ], + "it": [ + "partire", + "avviarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off", + "lift off" + ], + "it": [ + "decollare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart from the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roar off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze", + "blaze out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move rapidly and as if blazing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sally forth", + "sally out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set out in a sudden, energetic or violent manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull out", + "get out" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out or away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull in", + "get in", + "move in", + "draw in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "of trains; move into (a station)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exit", + "go out", + "get out", + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "uscire", + "levarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of or depart from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off" + ], + "it": [ + "sbarcare", + "scendere", + "discendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave a vehicle, aircraft, etc." + ], + "it": [ + "scendere da un veicolo, un aereo, un'imbarcazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave a train" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get off an airplane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go outside a room or building for a short period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enter", + "come in", + "get into", + "get in", + "go into", + "go in", + "move into" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to come or go into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter by walking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call at", + "out in" + ], + "it": [ + "scalare", + "fare scalo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a harbor" + ], + "it": [ + "detto di navi, fermarsi in un porto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plump in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrive suddenly and unannounced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plump out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take water" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter the water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an entrance by turning from a road" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge in", + "edge up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push one's way into (a space)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board", + "get on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emplane", + "enplane" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "board a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrude", + "irrupt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter uninvited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bother" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare", + "seccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intrude or enter uninvited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barge in", + "crash", + "gate-crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter uninvited; informal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move in on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make intrusive advances towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move violently as through a barrier" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muscle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's way by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgress", + "trespass", + "overstep" + ], + "it": [ + "sconfinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass beyond (limits or boundaries)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrude on", + "invade", + "obtrude upon", + "encroach upon" + ], + "it": [ + "invadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to intrude upon, infringe, encroach on, violate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foray into", + "raid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter someone else's territory and take spoils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maraud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raid and rove in search of booty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infest", + "overrun" + ], + "it": [ + "infestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invade in great numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "make", + "attain", + "hit", + "arrive at", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "raggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a destination, either real or abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summit", + "breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the summit (of a mountain)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach or ascend the top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in reaching; arrive at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the highest altitude or the meridian, of a celestial body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get through", + "come through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in reaching a real or abstract destination after overcoming problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "make", + "get to", + "progress to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a goal, e.g." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground", + "run aground" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit or reach the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ground", + "strand", + "run aground" + ], + "it": [ + "arenarsi", + "incagliarsi", + "insabbiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to reach or get to" + ], + "it": [ + "non riuscire a prendere, a raggiungere in tempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet by design; be present at the arrival of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet up with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet with by appointment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "run into", + "encounter", + "run across", + "come across", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "incrociare", + "incontrare", + "vedere", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together" + ], + "it": [ + "avere fortuitamente un incontro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intersect", + "cross" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare", + "incrociare", + "incrociarsi", + "intersecarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet at a point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "congregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together, usually for a purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move together in a hive or as if in a hive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fort", + "fort up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather in, or as if in, a fort, as for protection or defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join together into a mass or collect or form a mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crowd closely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convene" + ], + "it": [ + "riunirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconvene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in session" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cluster", + "constellate", + "flock", + "clump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together as in a cluster or flock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move as a crowd or in a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accompany" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or travel along with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escort" + ], + "it": [ + "scortare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany as an escort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see", + "escort" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnare", + "scortare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany or escort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend upon as a squire; serve as a squire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "safeguard" + ], + "it": [ + "scortare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escort safely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escort in transit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chaperone", + "chaperon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany as a chaperone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body guard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accompany and protect from physical harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tag along" + ], + "it": [ + "accodarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go along with, often uninvited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddle", + "huddle together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crowd or draw together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunch together", + "bunch", + "bunch up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a bunch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowd", + "crowd together" + ], + "it": [ + "affollarsi", + "ammassarsi", + "ammucchiarsi", + "gremire", + "raccogliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to gather together in large numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcrowd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crowd together too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to capacity with people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcrowd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to crowd together too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour", + "swarm", + "stream", + "teem", + "pullulate" + ], + "it": [ + "sciamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in large numbers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move together, like a herd" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herd", + "crowd" + ], + "it": [ + "radunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to herd, drive, or crowd together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disperse", + "dissipate", + "scatter", + "spread out" + ], + "it": [ + "disperdersi", + "sbandarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move away from each other" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter or part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volley" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dispersed in a volley" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffract" + ], + "it": [ + "diffrangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo diffraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disband", + "dissolve" + ], + "it": [ + "sciogliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop functioning or cohering as a unit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "part", + "split" + ], + "it": [ + "dividersi", + "separarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go one's own way; move apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disperse", + "dissipate", + "dispel", + "break up", + "scatter" + ], + "it": [ + "disperdere", + "sparpagliare", + "sperdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause to separate and go in different directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own by quitting or fleeing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disband" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to break up or cease to function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "divide" + ], + "it": [ + "distinguere", + "disunire", + "dividere", + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a division or separation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail", + "rail off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate with a railing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detach" + ], + "it": [ + "distaccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate (a small unit) from a larger, especially for a special assignment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shut off", + "close off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "isolate or separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate by means of a curtain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avulse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate by avulsion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprawl", + "straggle" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "crescere disordinatamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go, come, or spread in a rambling or irregular way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverge" + ], + "it": [ + "divergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or draw apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or draw together at a certain location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concentrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw together or meet in one common center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bend" + ], + "it": [ + "chinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swerve", + "sheer", + "curve", + "trend", + "veer", + "slue", + "slew", + "cut" + ], + "it": [ + "scartare", + "sterzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn sharply; change direction abruptly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peel off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave a formation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn aside and away from an initial or intended course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "swerve off course momentarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yaw back and forth about a flight path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflect", + "bend", + "turn away" + ], + "it": [ + "deviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn from a straight course, fixed direction, or line of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avert", + "turn away" + ], + "it": [ + "distogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away or aside" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crook", + "curve" + ], + "it": [ + "circonflettere", + "incurvare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend or cause to bend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recurve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curve or bend (something) back or down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arch", + "curve", + "arc" + ], + "it": [ + "arcuare", + "curvare", + "inarcare", + "incurvare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form an arch or curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overarch", + "arch over" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form an arch over" + ], + "it": [ + "formare un arco sopra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "curve upward in the middle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunch", + "hump", + "hunch forward", + "hunch over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straighten", + "unbend" + ], + "it": [ + "dirizzare", + "drizzare", + "raddirizzare", + "raddrizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "straighten up or out; make straight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bend", + "flex" + ], + "it": [ + "curvare", + "flettere", + "flettersi", + "incurvare", + "piegare", + "piegarsi", + "ripiegarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a curve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incurvate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend inwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retroflex", + "replicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend or turn backward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dress", + "line up" + ], + "it": [ + "allinearsi", + "schierarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange in ranks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line up", + "queue up", + "queue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a queue, form a line, stand in line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slope", + "incline", + "pitch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slope upwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sag, bend, bend over or down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slope downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "climb" + ], + "it": [ + "salire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slope upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slope downwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to slope" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean", + "tilt", + "tip", + "slant", + "angle" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinare", + "piegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to incline or bend from a vertical position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list", + "heel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tilt to one side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list", + "lean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to lean to the side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lean back", + "recline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move the upper body backwards and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall backwards and down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "inclinare", + "inclinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tip laterally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to tilt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip", + "sink" + ], + "it": [ + "discendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear to move downward" + ], + "it": [ + "detto degli astri, calare verso il basso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripple", + "ruffle", + "riffle", + "cockle", + "undulate" + ], + "it": [ + "increspare", + "incresparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir up (water) so as to form ripples" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend the head or the upper part of the body in a gesture of respect or greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtsy", + "curtsey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend the knees in a gesture of respectful greeting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape", + "kowtow", + "genuflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend the knees and bow in a servile manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "genuflect" + ], + "it": [ + "genuflettersi", + "inginocchiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend the knees and bow in church or before a religious superior or image" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billow", + "surge", + "heave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise and move, as in waves or billows" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billow", + "wallow" + ], + "it": [ + "alzarsi in volute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise up as if in waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "billow up in the form of a cloud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "billow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with great difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crumble", + "crumple", + "tumble", + "break down", + "collapse" + ], + "it": [ + "crollare", + "franare", + "sfumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burrow", + "tunnel" + ], + "it": [ + "scavare gallerie", + "scavare una galleria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move through by or as by digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulate" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around freely" + ], + "it": [ + "girare e andare un po'da tutti" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulate" + ], + "it": [ + "circolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move through a space, circuit or system, returning to the starting point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulate through and freshen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move in a circuit or system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulate hot air by convection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circulate", + "pass around", + "pass on", + "distribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause be distributed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forward to others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularize", + "circularise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "inviare circolari a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute circulars to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "utter" + ], + "it": [ + "spacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into circulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orb", + "orbit", + "revolve" + ], + "it": [ + "orbitare", + "orbitare attorno a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circle", + "circulate" + ], + "it": [ + "girare in circolo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in circles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "troll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulate, move around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly loops, perform a loop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in loops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "angle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or proceed at an angle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolve", + "go around", + "rotate" + ], + "it": [ + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn on or around an axis or a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out", + "splay", + "spread out", + "rotate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread open or apart" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotate", + "circumvolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to turn on an axis or center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel", + "wheel around" + ], + "it": [ + "ruotare intorno", + "fare perno" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change directions as if revolving on a pivot" + ], + "it": [ + "muoversi attorno a qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cartwheel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do cartwheels: perform an acrobatic movement using both hands and feet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wheel", + "wheel around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wheel somebody or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pivot", + "swivel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn on a pivot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin", + "spin around", + "whirl", + "reel", + "gyrate" + ], + "it": [ + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirligig" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whirl or spin like a whirligig" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "centrifuge", + "centrifugate" + ], + "it": [ + "centrifugare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rotate at very high speed in order to separate the liquids from the solids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ultracentrifuge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to the action of an ultracentrifuge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eddy", + "purl", + "whirlpool", + "swirl", + "whirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow in a circular current, of liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirl", + "tumble", + "whirl around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly around" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whirl", + "birl", + "spin", + "twirl" + ], + "it": [ + "girare", + "mulinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to spin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birl", + "birle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a floating log to rotate by treading" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirouette" + ], + "it": [ + "piroettare", + "prillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do a pirouette, usually as part of a dance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kick a leg up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance the skank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dance by rotating the pelvis in an erotically suggestive way, often while in contact with one's partner such that the dancers' legs are interlaced" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twirl", + "swirl", + "twiddle", + "whirl" + ], + "it": [ + "turbinare", + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn in a twisting or spinning motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gyrate", + "spiral", + "coil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to wind or move in a spiral course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corkscrew", + "spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a spiral or zigzag course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "overtake", + "overhaul" + ], + "it": [ + "passare", + "sorpassare", + "superare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass or move in front of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "go through", + "go across" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare", + "transitare", + "passare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go across or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negotiate", + "negociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in passing through, around, or over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass by means through a lock in a waterway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed along a path" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i31999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through a cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to the starting point of a cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumble", + "blunder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's way clumsily or blindly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel by", + "pass by", + "surpass", + "go past", + "go by", + "pass" + ], + "it": [ + "passare", + "sorpassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move past" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirt" + ], + "it": [ + "costeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass around or about; move along the border" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass by while running" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass by while flying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "make pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to pass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go through a recurring sequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recycle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to repeat a cycle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be circulated and accepted in a false character or identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through a hole or opening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass an inspection or receive authorization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reeve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass a rope through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushwhack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut one's way through the woods or bush" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zip by", + "fly by", + "whisk by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by very quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approach", + "near", + "come on", + "go up", + "draw near", + "draw close", + "come near" + ], + "it": [ + "approssimarsi", + "avvicinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw near" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close", + "come together" + ], + "it": [ + "cingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come together, as if in an embrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close in", + "draw in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance or converge on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push", + "crowd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approach a certain age or speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfold", + "stretch", + "stretch out", + "extend" + ], + "it": [ + "distendere", + "stendere", + "tendere", + "tirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tear", + "shoot", + "shoot down", + "charge", + "buck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly and violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoom", + "zoom along", + "whizz", + "whizz along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along very quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel rapidly", + "speed", + "hurry", + "zip" + ], + "it": [ + "affrettarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move very fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel at an excessive or illegal velocity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a low humming noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "fuggire precipitosamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away in a stampede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout out", + "drive out", + "force out", + "rouse" + ], + "it": [ + "snidare", + "stanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force or drive out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chase away, with as with force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smoke out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive out with smoke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause someone or something to move by driving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steer into a certain direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move into a certain direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by being propelled by a force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive in front of another vehicle leaving too little space for that vehicle to maneuver comfortably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive around", + "chauffeur" + ], + "it": [ + "scarrozzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive someone in a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bustle", + "bustle about", + "hustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or cause to move energetically or busily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fidget" + ], + "it": [ + "agitarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move restlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linger", + "dawdle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take one's time; proceed slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag", + "trail", + "get behind", + "hang back", + "drop behind", + "drop back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to lag or linger behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush", + "hotfoot", + "hasten", + "hie", + "speed", + "race", + "pelt along", + "rush along", + "cannonball along", + "bucket along", + "belt along", + "step on it" + ], + "it": [ + "correre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race", + "rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move fast or to rush or race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush off", + "rush away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart in a hurry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run with the ball, in football" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trail", + "shack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move, proceed, or walk draggingly or slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diffuse", + "spread", + "spread out", + "fan out" + ], + "it": [ + "spargersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "percolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "creep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow or spread, often in such a way as to cover (a surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "bleed" + ], + "it": [ + "diffondersi", + "scolorire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be diffused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release color when rubbed, of badly dyed fabric" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flinch", + "squinch", + "funk", + "cringe", + "shrink", + "wince", + "recoil", + "quail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw back, as with fear or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shrink back", + "retract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull away from a source of disgust or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dart", + "dash", + "scoot", + "scud", + "flash", + "shoot" + ], + "it": [ + "precipitarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run or move very quickly or hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel back and forth regularly, as between one's place of work and home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shuttle" + ], + "it": [ + "portare avanti e indietro" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel back and forth between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lunge", + "hurl", + "hurtle", + "thrust" + ], + "it": [ + "gettarsi", + "sbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a thrusting forward movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riposte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a return thrust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crouch", + "stoop", + "bend", + "bow" + ], + "it": [ + "chinarsi", + "inchinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend one's back forward from the waist on down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lower or bend (the head or upper body), as in a nod or bow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squinch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crouch down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double over", + "double", + "double up" + ], + "it": [ + "piegare in due" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend over or curl up, usually with laughter or pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncurl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of a curled position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostrate", + "bow down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get into a prostrate position, as in submission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fawn", + "crawl", + "creep", + "cringe", + "cower", + "grovel" + ], + "it": [ + "strisciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show submission or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "huddle", + "cower" + ], + "it": [ + "raggomitolarsi", + "rannicchiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "crouch or curl up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throng", + "mob", + "pack", + "pile", + "jam" + ], + "it": [ + "accalcarsi", + "ammassarsi", + "empire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press tightly together or cram" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pounce", + "swoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move down on as if in an attack" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "descend swiftly, as if on prey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swoop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a sweep, or in a swooping arc" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviate", + "divert" + ], + "it": [ + "deviare", + "dirottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn aside; turn away from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to turn away from a previous or expected course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a celestial body to deviate from a theoretically regular orbital motion, especially as a result of interposed or extraordinary gravitational pull" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perturb" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disturb or interfere with the usual path of an electron or atom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shunt" + ], + "it": [ + "shuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with or divert by means of an electrical shunt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yaw" + ], + "it": [ + "straorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deviate erratically from a set course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel via a detour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sidetrack", + "depart", + "digress", + "straggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wander from a direct or straight course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow", + "flux" + ], + "it": [ + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or progress freely as if in a stream" + ], + "it": [ + "procedere speditamente senza incontrare ostacoli" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transpire", + "transpirate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through the tissue or substance or its pores or interstices, as of gas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "flow", + "feed", + "course" + ], + "it": [ + "affluire", + "colare", + "defluire", + "fluire", + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move along, of liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "course" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move swiftly through or over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "run off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run off as waste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stream in jets, of liquids" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move downward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow intermittently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spurt", + "spirt", + "gush", + "spout" + ], + "it": [ + "scaturire", + "schizzare", + "sgorgare", + "sprizzare", + "zampillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gush forth in a sudden stream or jet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spout moist air from the blowhole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whoosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gush or squirt out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hiss", + "whoosh" + ], + "it": [ + "sfrecciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a whooshing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woosh", + "whoosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a sibilant sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow in a spurt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regurgitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour or rush back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour" + ], + "it": [ + "colare", + "riversare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effuse", + "pour out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill", + "run out" + ], + "it": [ + "versarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow, run or fall out and become lost" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spill over", + "spill out", + "pour out" + ], + "it": [ + "riversarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be disgorged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decant", + "pour", + "pour out" + ], + "it": [ + "versare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream", + "well out" + ], + "it": [ + "sgorgare", + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow freely and abundantly" + ], + "it": [ + "scendere abbondantemente, uscire fuori liberamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stream" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to extend, wave or float outward, as if in the wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trickle", + "dribble", + "filter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run or flow slowly, as in drops or in an unsteady stream" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drip" + ], + "it": [ + "colare", + "gocciolare", + "scolare", + "sgocciolare", + "stillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall in drops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cascade", + "cascade down" + ], + "it": [ + "scendere a cascata" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rush down in big quantities, like a cascade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drain", + "run out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow off gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leach", + "percolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "permeate or penetrate gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a liquid) to leach or percolate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seep", + "ooze" + ], + "it": [ + "trapelare", + "trasudare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass gradually or leak through or as if through small openings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overflow", + "overrun", + "well over", + "run over", + "brim over" + ], + "it": [ + "debordare", + "dilagare", + "riboccare", + "soprabbondare", + "sovrabbondare", + "spagliare", + "straripare", + "traboccare", + "tracimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow or run over (a limit or brim)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "geyser" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to overflow like a geyser" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "edge", + "inch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "advance slowly, as if by inches" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ratchet", + "rachet up", + "ratchet down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by degrees in one direction only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elapse", + "lapse", + "pass", + "slip by", + "glide by", + "slip away", + "go by", + "slide by", + "go along" + ], + "it": [ + "decorrere", + "passare", + "trascorrere", + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly", + "fell", + "vanish" + ], + "it": [ + "volare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass away rapidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break out", + "break away" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move away or escape suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shake", + "shake off", + "throw off", + "escape from" + ], + "it": [ + "seminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abscond", + "bolt", + "absquatulate", + "decamp", + "run off", + "go off", + "make off" + ], + "it": [ + "darsela a gambe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run off without paying a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elope", + "run off" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggire", + "scappare", + "fuggire insieme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away secretly with one's beloved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elude", + "evade", + "bilk" + ], + "it": [ + "eludere", + "evadere", + "sfuggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escape, either physically or mentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape", + "get away", + "break loose" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggire", + "sfuggire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away from confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scat", + "run", + "scarper", + "turn tail", + "lam", + "run away", + "hightail it", + "bunk", + "head for the hills", + "take to the woods", + "escape", + "fly the coop", + "break away" + ], + "it": [ + "scappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flee; take to one's heels; cut and run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flee", + "fly", + "take flight" + ], + "it": [ + "fuggire", + "scappare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skedaddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run away, as if in a panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "head into a specified direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip away", + "steal away", + "sneak away", + "sneak off", + "sneak out" + ], + "it": [ + "defilarsi", + "svicolare", + "svignarsela" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave furtively and stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move smoothly and easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move with a smooth or sliding motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacate", + "empty", + "abandon" + ], + "it": [ + "liberare", + "sfollare", + "sgomberare", + "sgombrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave behind empty; move out of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decamp", + "break camp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave a camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave an aircraft rapidly, using an ejection seat or capsule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expand", + "spread out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in one or more directions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread abroad or out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring", + "convey", + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "trasportare", + "avere", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take something or somebody with oneself somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return", + "take back", + "bring back" + ], + "it": [ + "riportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring back to the point of departure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on the feet and deposit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring in", + "introduce" + ], + "it": [ + "introdurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring in a new person or object into a familiar environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insinuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce or insert (oneself) in a subtle manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "church" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a special church rite or service for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport from one place or state to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey in a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk" + ], + "it": [ + "portare via" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move somewhere quickly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whisk" + ], + "it": [ + "lanciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly and nimbly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impart", + "conduct", + "transmit", + "convey", + "carry", + "channel" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "trasmettere", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit or serve as the medium for transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry somewhere (of water or current or waves)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pipe in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring in through pipes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retransmit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peregrinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel around, through, or over, especially on foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear", + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass by, over, or under without making contact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pronate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn the forearm or the hand so that the palm is directed downwards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave behind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depart and not take along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outdistance", + "outstrip", + "distance" + ], + "it": [ + "distaccare", + "distanziare", + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go far ahead of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "protrude", + "pop", + "pop out", + "bulge", + "bulge out", + "bug out", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulge outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "career" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move headlong at high speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolve around", + "circle around", + "circle round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around in a circular motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a circuit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "scatter", + "spread out" + ], + "it": [ + "disseminare", + "seminare", + "spargere", + "sparpagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strew or distribute over an area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manure", + "muck" + ], + "it": [ + "concimare", + "ingrassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread manure, as for fertilization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "birdlime", + "lime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread birdlime on branches to catch birds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread something around something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fold or close up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concertina" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collapse like a concertina" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestir", + "rouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debouch", + "march out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march out (as from a defile) into open ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exteriorize", + "bring outside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring outside the body for surgery, of organs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flurry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an agitated or confused manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to march" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "march" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to march or go at a marching pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frogmarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march a person against his will by any method" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow in small streams" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run quickly, like a hare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly, as if by cutting one's way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mantle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread over a surface, like a mantle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outflank", + "go around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go around the flank of (an opposing army)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel through the air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare in bacino" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move out of a dock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move upstage, forcing the other actors to turn away from the audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toss, roll, or rise and fall in an uncontrolled way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remove", + "transfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to run in panic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill to capacity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring ashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive (a vessel) ashore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to port" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "streak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly in a straight line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a preliminary swing to the arm pitching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or go steadily or gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "change" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change from one vehicle or transportation line to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or cause to move in a specified way, direction, or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with, or as if with, a crashing noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move fast, noisily, and heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a snapping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make violent, noisy movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to the fore", + "step forward", + "come forward", + "step up", + "step to the fore", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make oneself visible; take action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn", + "turn over" + ], + "it": [ + "voltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move around a center so as to show another side of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn inside out; turn the inner surface of outward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leaf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn over pages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "rivolgere", + "girare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move around or rotate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn (the hand or forearm) so that the back is downward or backward, or turn out (the leg)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move along an axis or into a new direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move into the opposite direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "port" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put or turn on the left side, of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slide" + ], + "it": [ + "scivolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move smoothly along a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go at a pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step", + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put down or press the foot, place the foot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk a short distance to a specified place or in a specified manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with one's feet in a specific manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step on", + "tread on" + ], + "it": [ + "calpestare", + "pestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or press the foot on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurtle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with or as if with a rushing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause an animal to move fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retreat" + ], + "it": [ + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move away, as for privacy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cocoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retreat as if into a cocoon, as from an unfriendly environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "high-tail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retreat at full speed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with, or as with, a whistling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move, send, or bring as if by whistling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "flap" + ], + "it": [ + "sbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a flapping motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "flap" + ], + "it": [ + "sbatacchiare", + "sbattere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a thrashing motion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flail", + "thresh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move like a flail; thresh about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flap the wings wildly or frantically; used of falcons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strike the air in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to strike the air in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fling" + ], + "it": [ + "gettarsi", + "lanciarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in an abrupt or headlong manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust", + "stuff", + "shove", + "squeeze" + ], + "it": [ + "ficcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "press or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a jump forward or upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump across" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "traverse as if by a short airplane trip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move quickly from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed-hop", + "bedhop", + "sleep around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sexually active with more than one partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "climb up on the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "singsong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move as if accompanied by a singsong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "island hop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel from one island to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send forth suddenly, intensely, swiftly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move around an axis or a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move furtively and hurriedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodge" + ], + "it": [ + "evitare", + "scansarsi", + "schivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sudden movement in a new direction so as to avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dodge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to and fro or from place to place usually in an irregular course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plow", + "plough" + ], + "it": [ + "solcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a way resembling that of a plow cutting into or going through the soil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "topple", + "tumble", + "tip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to topple or tumble by pushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move violently, energetically, or carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to put into a state or activity hastily, suddenly, or carelessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurch" + ], + "it": [ + "traballare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move slowly and unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jackrabbit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go forward or start with a fast, sudden movement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to flow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come out", + "fall out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move precipitously or violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move by or as if by water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get out of the way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curl up", + "curl", + "draw in" + ], + "it": [ + "accartocciarsi", + "raggomitolarsi", + "rannicchiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shape one's body into a curl" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change to an upright sitting position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sift" + ], + "it": [ + "infiltrarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move as if through a sieve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or come between" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dance" + ], + "it": [ + "ballare", + "saltellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "skip, leap, or move up and down or sideways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a grasping or snatching motion with the hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a specified direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move slowly and as if with great effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move through with or as if with a rake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move noisily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run away" + ], + "it": [ + "sfuggire al controllo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "escape from the control of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move by means of an air current" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive or carry as if by a puff of air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause air to go in, on, or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply a draft or strong wind to to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change directions suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move in a gyrating fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move (one's fist)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag" + ], + "it": [ + "trascinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a computer mouse to move icons on the screen and select commands from a menu" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "travel", + "move around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel from place to place, as for the purpose of finding work, preaching, or acting as a judge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itinerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel from place to place, as for work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit on and control a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey by horizontal mass movement of a fluid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go via an indirect route or at no set pace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go along towards (a river's) source" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull", + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowshoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "travel on snowshoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fly or go in a manner resembling a beetle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lateralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move or displace to one side so as to make lateral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to movement in which every part of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point on the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive something violently into a location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hit violently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change one's body stance so that the forward shoulder and foot are closer to the intended point of impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teleport" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transport by dematerializing at one point and assembling at another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snowboard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glide down a snow-covered slope while standing on a board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jump", + "leap", + "jump off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "jump down from an elevated point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with a sling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang loosely or freely; let swing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend", + "climb up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear to be moving upward, as by means of tendrils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "record", + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be aware of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel", + "sense" + ], + "it": [ + "avvertire", + "sentire", + "intuire", + "percepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive by a physical sensation, e.g., coming from the skin or muscles" + ], + "it": [ + "sentire fisicamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perceive", + "comprehend" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to become aware of through the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apperceive" + ], + "it": [ + "appercepire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive in terms of a past experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up", + "receive" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register (perceptual input)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hear" + ], + "it": [ + "sentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive a communication from someone" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere notizie da qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divine" + ], + "it": [ + "intuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive intuitively or through some inexplicable perceptive powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chiromance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divine by reading someone's palms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experience", + "receive", + "have", + "get" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "essere", + "fare", + "provare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "receive" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive as a retribution or punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hit", + "strike", + "come to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to experience suddenly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience or feel or submit to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer", + "endure" + ], + "it": [ + "patire", + "sopportare", + "subire", + "soffrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo or be subjected to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen or environmental condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer from the receipt of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "die" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer or face the pain of death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer", + "meet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo or suffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experience", + "see", + "go through" + ], + "it": [ + "subire", + "sperimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or live through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo passive experience of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enjoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have for one's benefit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subject" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitriol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to the effects of vitriol or injure with vitriol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (someone) to undergo something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to experience shipwreck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refract" + ], + "it": [ + "rifrangere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to refraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose or make accessible to some action or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ventilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to the circulation of fresh air so as to retard spoilage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sun", + "insolate", + "solarize", + "solarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to the rays of the sun or affect by exposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air out", + "air", + "aerate" + ], + "it": [ + "far prendere aria a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to fresh air" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underexpose" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoesporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose insufficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expose" + ], + "it": [ + "impressionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to light, of photographic film" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexpose" + ], + "it": [ + "sovraesporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to too much light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solarize", + "solarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overexpose to sunlight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solarize", + "solarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become overexposed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underexpose" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoesporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to too little light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solarize", + "solarise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reverse some of the tones of (a negative or print) and introduce pronounced outlines of highlights, by exposing it briefly to light, then washing and redeveloping it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photosensitize", + "photosensitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (an organism or substance) sensitive to the influence of radiant energy and especially light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desensitize", + "desensitise" + ], + "it": [ + "desensibilizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause not to be sensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "numb", + "benumb", + "blunt", + "dull" + ], + "it": [ + "intormentire", + "intorpidire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make numb or insensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stun", + "bedaze", + "daze" + ], + "it": [ + "intronare", + "meravigliare", + "sbalordire", + "stordire", + "stupefare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome as with astonishment or disbelief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "besot", + "stupefy" + ], + "it": [ + "incitrullirsi", + "inebetire", + "istupidire", + "rimbambinire", + "rimbambire", + "rimbecillirsi", + "rincretinire", + "rinfanciullire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make dull or stupid or muddle with drunkenness or infatuation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sensitize", + "sensitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sense; make sensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stimulate", + "excite", + "stir" + ], + "it": [ + "eccitare", + "emozionare", + "stimolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir feelings in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horripilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (someone's) hair to stand on end and to have goosebumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horripilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have one's hair stand on end and get goosebumps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provoke or excite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fellate", + "suck", + "blow", + "go down on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide sexual gratification through oral stimulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be thrilled by some perceptual input" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whet", + "quicken" + ], + "it": [ + "stuzzicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make keen or more acute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hallucinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive what is not there; have illusions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misperceive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive incorrectly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "pick up" + ], + "it": [ + "captare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive with the senses quickly, suddenly, or momentarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dream" + ], + "it": [ + "sognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience while sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "notice", + "mark", + "note" + ], + "it": [ + "accorgersi", + "annotare", + "notare", + "osservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "notice or perceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take notice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe with special attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "note", + "take note", + "observe" + ], + "it": [ + "constatare", + "costatare", + "notare", + "osservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe with care or pay close attention to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to acknowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glimpse" + ], + "it": [ + "intravedere", + "intravvedere", + "scorgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch a glimpse of or see briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chafe", + "gall", + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become or make sore by or as if by rubbing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rub", + "scratch", + "itch" + ], + "it": [ + "grattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scrape or rub as if to relieve itching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tickle", + "titillate", + "vellicate" + ], + "it": [ + "fare il solletico a", + "solleticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch (a body part) lightly so as to excite the surface nerves and cause uneasiness, laughter, or spasmodic movements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bite", + "sting", + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nettle", + "urticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sting with or as with nettles and cause a stinging pain or sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "urticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "whip with or as with nettles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel hot or painful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itch" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or perceive an itch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "itch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to perceive an itch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hurt", + "ache", + "suffer" + ], + "it": [ + "dolorare", + "patire", + "soffrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel physical pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel a sudden sharp, local pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel the need to eat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thirst" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel the need to drink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ache", + "smart", + "hurt" + ], + "it": [ + "dolere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the source of pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make itself felt as a recurring pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throb" + ], + "it": [ + "martellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pulsate or pound with abnormal force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "twitch or throb with pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tingle", + "prickle" + ], + "it": [ + "formicolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a stinging or tingling sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a sharp and sudden pain in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prickle", + "prick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a prickling sensation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prick", + "sting", + "twinge" + ], + "it": [ + "pizzicare", + "pungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a stinging pain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell" + ], + "it": [ + "avere odore", + "emanare", + "odorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit an odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cause to be perceived" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have perceptible qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reek", + "stink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smell badly and offensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell" + ], + "it": [ + "male odorare", + "odorare", + "puzzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smell bad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become noticeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach one's nostrils" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be smelled; have a strong odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smell" + ], + "it": [ + "annusare", + "fiutare", + "odorare", + "sentire", + "sentire odore di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhale the odor of; perceive by the olfactory sense" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire un odore attraverso il senso dell'olfatto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniff", + "whiff" + ], + "it": [ + "annusare", + "fiutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive by inhaling through the nose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scent", + "nose", + "wind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch the scent of; get wind of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sniff out", + "scent out", + "smell out", + "nose out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize or detect by or as if by smelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "odorize", + "odourise", + "scent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to smell or be smelly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stink up", + "smell up", + "stink out" + ], + "it": [ + "impuzzire", + "impuzzolentire", + "impuzzolire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to smell bad; fill with a bad smell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff", + "snuffle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sniff or smell inquiringly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get a noseful", + "get a whiff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "smell strongly and intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perfume", + "aromatize", + "aromatise" + ], + "it": [ + "odorare", + "profumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or impregnate with an odor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cense", + "incense", + "thurify" + ], + "it": [ + "incensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perfume especially with a censer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deodorize", + "deodorise", + "deodourise" + ], + "it": [ + "deodorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate the odor from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fumigate", + "fume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with fumes, expose to fumes, especially with the aim of disinfecting or eradicating pests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive via the tactile sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "cercare a tastoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grope or feel in search of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss", + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind" + ], + "it": [ + "non cogliere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see for the first time; make a discovery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a witness to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eyewitness" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be present at an event and see it with one's own eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "look on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe with attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "witness", + "find", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere", + "assistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive or be contemporaneous with" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire in un certo modo con i propri sensi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire tramite il senso della vista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see and understand, have a good eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch sight", + "get a look", + "catch a glimpse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see something for a brief time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose sight of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be no longer able to see" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behold", + "lay eyes on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see with attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "view", + "consider", + "look at" + ], + "it": [ + "considerare", + "esaminare", + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at carefully; study mentally" + ], + "it": [ + "sottoporre a un attento esame mentale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look" + ], + "it": [ + "guardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards" + ], + "it": [ + "rivolgere il proprio sguardo su qualcosa o qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "examine", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "ispezionare", + "scrutare", + "visionare", + "esaminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take a look", + "have a look", + "get a load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe or determine by looking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look back", + "look backward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look towards one's back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avert one's gaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look about oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see things as if they were there twice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gaze", + "stare" + ], + "it": [ + "fissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with fixed eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stare down", + "outstare", + "outface" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome or cause to waver or submit by (or as if by) staring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regard", + "consider" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at attentively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stargaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe the stars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look", + "appear", + "seem" + ], + "it": [ + "apparire", + "parere", + "presentarsi", + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear to begin an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the appearance or impression of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a certain impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be accepted as something or somebody in a false character or identity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear", + "seem" + ], + "it": [ + "apparire", + "parere", + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seem to be true, probable, or apparent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "sembrare", + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off a certain sound or sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dissonant or harsh" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pierce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound sharply or shrilly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a characteristic or natural sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play or sound a wind instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sound as if blown" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a light, metallic sound; go `ting'" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come across" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be perceived in a certain way; make a certain impression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect", + "reverberate" + ], + "it": [ + "riflettere", + "rispecchiare", + "riverberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to throw or bend back (from a surface)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be reflected as heat, sound, or light or shock waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show an image of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect" + ], + "it": [ + "riflettere", + "rispecchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifest or bring back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return or recoil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show" + ], + "it": [ + "mostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make visible or noticeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to appear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disclose", + "expose" + ], + "it": [ + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disclose to view as by removing a cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn so as to expose the face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project" + ], + "it": [ + "proiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "project on a screen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "silhouette" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "project on a background, such as a screen, like a silhouette" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do justice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring out fully or to advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose or show briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "develop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make visible by means of chemical solutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underdevelop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process (a film or photographic plate) less than the required time or in an ineffective solution or at an insufficiently high temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redevelop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop for a second time, in order to improve the contrast, colour, etc., of a negative or print" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show", + "show up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become visible or noticeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show in one's face" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "programmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "project onto a screen for viewing" + ], + "it": [ + "avere in programmazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expose", + "exhibit", + "display" + ], + "it": [ + "esibire", + "esporre", + "mostrare", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to show, make visible or apparent" + ], + "it": [ + "presentarsi in una certa maniera" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display the contents of a file or start an application as on a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a window or an application to disappear on a computer desktop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display in the air or cause to float" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "bring forth" + ], + "it": [ + "esibire", + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring out for display" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce suddenly or automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold up something as an example; hold up one's achievements for admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit on a bench" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose one's buttocks to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flaunt", + "flash", + "show off", + "ostentate", + "swank" + ], + "it": [ + "far pompa", + "ostentare", + "pavoneggiare", + "sbandierare", + "sfoderare", + "sfoggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display proudly; act ostentatiously or pretentiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit the strength of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splurge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be showy or ostentatious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brandish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit aggressively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display (clothes) as a mannequin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "model", + "pose", + "sit", + "posture" + ], + "it": [ + "posare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume a posture as for artistic purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be rampant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uncover", + "bring out", + "unveil", + "reveal" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrare", + "esporre", + "rivelare", + "svelare", + "mostrare", + "manifestare", + "palesare", + "portare alla luce", + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excavate", + "unearth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recover through digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dig", + "dig up", + "dig out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove, harvest, or recover by digging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trot out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring out and show for inspection and admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unfold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open to the view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reveal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disclose directly or through prophets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "express" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manifest the effects of (a gene or genetic trait)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stamp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reveal clearly as having a certain character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hide", + "conceal" + ], + "it": [ + "nascondere", + "celare", + "occultare", + "imboscare", + "mascherare", + "rimpiattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from being seen or discovered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secrete" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place out of sight; keep secret" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide from view" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruct", + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shut out from view or get in the way so as to hide from sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hide", + "hide out" + ], + "it": [ + "annidare", + "annidarsi", + "darsi alla macchia", + "ricoverare", + "rifugiarsi", + "rintanarsi", + "ritirare", + "segregarsi", + "celarsi", + "ficcarsi", + "imboscarsi", + "nascondere", + "nascondersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or go into hiding; keep out of sight, as for protection and safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stow away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide aboard a ship or a plane to get free transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hunker down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take shelter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hole up" + ], + "it": [ + "imboscarsi", + "imbucarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain secluded or in hiding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie low" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep a low profile, try to be inconspicuous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conceal", + "hold back", + "hold in" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire", + "dissimulare", + "mascherare", + "nascondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back; keep from being perceived by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earth" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide in the earth like a hunted animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread over a surface to conceal or protect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bosom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide in one's bosom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover from sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissemble", + "cloak", + "mask" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide under a false appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissimulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide (feelings) from other people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "masquerade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take part in a masquerade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whitewash", + "gloss over", + "sleek over", + "hush up" + ], + "it": [ + "sopire", + "tacitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover up a misdemeanor, fault, or error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "cover up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hide from view or knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor", + "harbour", + "shield" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back a thought or feeling about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "show", + "demo", + "exhibit", + "present", + "demonstrate" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrare", + "esibire", + "fare una dimostrazione di", + "mostrare", + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an exhibition of to an interested audience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demonstrate the guilt of (someone)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attaint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "condemn by attainder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occult" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become concealed or hidden from view or have its light extinguished" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "x-ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine by taking x-rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "candle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine eggs for freshness by holding them against a light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "autopsy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform an autopsy on a dead body; do a post-mortem" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auscultate" + ], + "it": [ + "auscultare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine by auscultation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look over carefully or inspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch" + ], + "it": [ + "osservare", + "guardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look attentively" + ], + "it": [ + "scrutare attivamente, con interesse e attenzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubberneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strain to watch; stare curiously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "view", + "see", + "catch", + "take in" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "see or watch" + ], + "it": [ + "assistere a qualcosa che si presenta in forma di spettacolo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visualize", + "visualise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "view the outline of by means of an X-ray" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "image" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render visible, as by means of MRI" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spectate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a spectator in a sports event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preview" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch (a movie or play) before it is released to the general public" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "look out", + "watch out" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be vigilant, be on the lookout or be careful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan", + "skim", + "rake", + "glance over", + "run down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine hastily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminare", + "scrutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine minutely or intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scan (game in the forest) with binoculars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peruse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine or consider with attention and in detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flick", + "flip", + "thumb", + "riffle", + "leaf", + "riff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look through a book or other written material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zoom in" + ], + "it": [ + "zoomare", + "zumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine closely; focus one's attention on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "size up", + "take stock", + "scrutinize", + "scrutinise" + ], + "it": [ + "osservare", + "scrutare", + "esaminare", + "esaminare accuratamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "search", + "look" + ], + "it": [ + "cercare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search or seek" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cruise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look for a sexual partner in a public place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prospect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search for something desirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "descry", + "spot", + "espy", + "spy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch sight of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detect", + "observe", + "find", + "discover", + "notice" + ], + "it": [ + "riscontrare", + "scoprire", + "individuare", + "notare", + "osservare", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" + ], + "it": [ + "determinare la presenza in seguito ad analisi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detect some circumstance or entity automatically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find an instance of (a word or particular usage of a word)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instantiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent by an instance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover traces of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe as if with an eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rediscover" + ], + "it": [ + "riscoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vanish", + "disappear", + "go away" + ], + "it": [ + "dileguarsi", + "scomparire", + "sparire", + "svanire", + "volatilizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become invisible or unnoticeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go away or disappear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bob under" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disappear suddenly, as if under the surface of a body of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "produce", + "bring on", + "bring out" + ], + "it": [ + "produrre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring onto the market or release" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce or introduce on the stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crop up", + "pop up", + "pop" + ], + "it": [ + "insorgere", + "pararsi", + "piovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear suddenly or unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obscure", + "befog", + "becloud", + "obnubilate", + "haze over", + "fog", + "cloud", + "mist" + ], + "it": [ + "annebbiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less visible or unclear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "film over", + "glaze over", + "blur" + ], + "it": [ + "annebbiarsi", + "appannarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become glassy; lose clear vision" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshadow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast a shadow upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eclipse", + "occult" + ], + "it": [ + "ecclissare", + "eclissare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause an eclipse of (a celestial body) by intervention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disguise", + "mask" + ], + "it": [ + "camuffare", + "contraffare", + "travestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unrecognizable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camouflage" + ], + "it": [ + "mascherare", + "mimetizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disguise by camouflaging; exploit the natural surroundings to disguise something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orient", + "orientate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine one's position with reference to another point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide", + "guide on" + ], + "it": [ + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use as a guide" + ], + "it": [ + "servire da punto di riferimento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorientate", + "reorient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "orient once again, after a disorientation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorient", + "disorientate" + ], + "it": [ + "disorientare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be lost or disoriented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flash", + "blink", + "wink", + "twinkle", + "winkle" + ], + "it": [ + "balenare", + "lampeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gleam or glow intermittently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flicker", + "flick" + ], + "it": [ + "baluginare", + "guizzare", + "sfarfallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flash intermittently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine like a beacon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be seen by emitting light as if in rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gleam", + "glimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine brightly, like a star or a light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a steady even light without flames" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fluoresce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit or undergo fluorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "physics: fluoresce momentarily when struck by a charged particle or high-energy photon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glow", + "beam", + "radiate", + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a complexion with a strong bright color, such as red or pink" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to make less distinct or clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to converge on or toward a central point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refocus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "focus once again; The physicist refocused the light beam\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dim", + "dip" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassare", + "incupire", + "incupirsi", + "scurire", + "scurirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "switch (a car's headlights) from a higher to a lower beam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dazzle", + "bedazzle", + "daze" + ], + "it": [ + "abbacinare", + "abbagliare", + "accecare", + "acciecare", + "allucinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause someone to lose clear vision, especially from intense light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glare or strike with great intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glitter", + "glisten", + "glint", + "gleam", + "shine" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "corruscare", + "coruscare", + "luccicare", + "lucciolare", + "lustreggiare", + "rilucere", + "scintillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be shiny, as if wet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glitter as if covered with spangles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor", + "supervise" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "monitorare", + "sorvegliare", + "vigilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep tabs on; keep an eye on; keep under surveillance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monitor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check, track, or observe by means of a receiver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spy", + "sight" + ], + "it": [ + "avvistare", + "scorgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch sight of; to perceive with the eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ogle" + ], + "it": [ + "mangiarsi con gli occhi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with amorous intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give the glad eye" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look seductively at someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look suggestively or obliquely; look or gaze with a sly, immodest, or malign expression" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "goggle", + "gape", + "gawp", + "gawk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look with amazement; look stupidly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admire" + ], + "it": [ + "ammirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with admiration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contemplate" + ], + "it": [ + "contemplare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "groak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look or stare at longingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look furtively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glance", + "peek", + "glint" + ], + "it": [ + "scorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw a glance at; take a brief look at" + ], + "it": [ + "dare un'occhiata velocemente e di sfuggita, passare rapidamente con gli occhi" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inspect" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "ispezionare", + "sindacare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look over carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perambulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an official inspection on foot of (the bounds of a property)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "case" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look over, usually with the intention to rob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vet" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminare minuziosamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlook" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlook" + ], + "it": [ + "trascurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look past, fail to notice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "study", + "consider" + ], + "it": [ + "studiare", + "considerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give careful consideration to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bethink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause oneself to consider something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gaze at or think about something with great self-satisfaction, gratification, or joy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eye", + "eyeball" + ], + "it": [ + "sbirciare", + "squadrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep one's eyes peeled", + "keep one's eyes skinned", + "keep one's eyes open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay attention; be watchful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look after" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep under careful scrutiny" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scout", + "reconnoiter", + "reconnoitre" + ], + "it": [ + "esplorare", + "fare una ricognizione di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "explore, often with the goal of finding something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give the eye", + "give the once over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look at with a critical eye" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cross-eyed; have a squint or strabismus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make blind by putting the eyes out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abacinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blind by holding a red-hot metal plate before someone's eyes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blind" + ], + "it": [ + "accecare", + "acciecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render unable to see" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sew up the eyelids of hawks and falcons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow-blind" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "affect with snow blindness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peer" + ], + "it": [ + "scrutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look searchingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrude", + "horn in", + "pry", + "nose", + "poke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search or inquire in a meddlesome way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observe" + ], + "it": [ + "osservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch attentively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hear" + ], + "it": [ + "avvertire", + "intendere", + "ascoltare", + "sentire", + "udire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive (sound) via the auditory sense" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire uditivamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listen" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hear with intention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hear out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen to every detail and give a full hearing to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listen in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen quietly, without contributing to the conversation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attend", + "hang", + "advert", + "pay heed", + "give ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give heed (to)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay attention to exclusively and obsessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listen", + "hear", + "take heed" + ], + "it": [ + "ascoltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen and pay attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bend or turn (one's ear) towards a speaker in order to listen well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tune in" + ], + "it": [ + "sintonizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate (a radio or television set) in order to receive a certain station or program" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whine", + "squeak", + "screech", + "creak", + "screak", + "skreak" + ], + "it": [ + "cigolare", + "gemere", + "scricchiolare", + "stridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a high-pitched, screeching noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make loud and annoying noises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clatter", + "clack", + "brattle" + ], + "it": [ + "sferragliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a rattling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stridulate", + "clitter" + ], + "it": [ + "stridulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a shrill creaking noise by rubbing together special bodily structures" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drown out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make imperceptible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jingle", + "jingle-jangle", + "jangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sound typical of metallic objects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make noise", + "resound", + "noise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scream" + ], + "it": [ + "gridare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud, piercing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off the sound of a bullet flattening on impact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire" + ], + "it": [ + "avere un ritorno di fiamma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a loud noise as a result of undergoing a backfire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound with a twang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sound with a twang" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clang", + "clangor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a clank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clangor", + "clangour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud resonant noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "boom out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a deep hollow sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drum", + "beat", + "thrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a rhythmic sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make short successive sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a hoarse, rattling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crepitate", + "crackle" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitare", + "scoppiettare", + "sfrigolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a crackling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tick", + "ticktock", + "ticktack", + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sound like a clock or a timer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring out" + ], + "it": [ + "squillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound loudly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resonate", + "vibrate" + ], + "it": [ + "risuonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound with resonance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a certain noise or sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sudden loud sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tweet", + "twirp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a weak, chirping sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a shrill, wailing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gurgle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sounds similar to gurgling water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a gurgling sound as of liquid issuing from a bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound by having air expelled through a tube" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sibilant sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sound like a liquid that is being poured from a bottle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ping" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a short high-pitched sound" + ], + "it": [ + "produrre un suono metallico" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pink", + "ping", + "knock" + ], + "it": [ + "battere in testa" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound like a car engine that is firing too early" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "produce a sound as if from a trumpet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squelch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sucking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chug" + ], + "it": [ + "scoppiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dull, explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead up to and soften by sounding the dissonant note in it as a consonant note in the preceding chord" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound a gong" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ting" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to make a ting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strum", + "thrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound the strings of (a string instrument)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "announce by means of a sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "project" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be heard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "peal" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare", + "trillare", + "squillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound loudly and sonorously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ding", + "dong", + "dingdong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go `ding dong', like a bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tintinnabulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring or sound like a small bell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peal" + ], + "it": [ + "scampanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring recurrently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ring", + "knell" + ], + "it": [ + "suonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (bells) ring, often for the purposes of musical edification" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring as in announcing death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll" + ], + "it": [ + "rintoccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring slowly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buzz", + "bombinate", + "bombilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a buzzing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blast", + "blare" + ], + "it": [ + "squillare", + "trillare", + "suonare a tutto volume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a strident sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustle" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitare", + "frusciare", + "stormire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dry crackling sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap", + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sharp sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ], + "it": [ + "schioccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a very sharp explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honk", + "blare", + "beep", + "claxon", + "toot" + ], + "it": [ + "strombettare", + "suonare il clacson" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a loud noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tootle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play (a musical instrument) casually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whistle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make whistling sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resound", + "echo", + "ring", + "reverberate" + ], + "it": [ + "echeggiare", + "rimbombare", + "risonare", + "risuonare", + "vibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring or echo with sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound in sympathy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reecho" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "repeat or return an echo again or repeatedly; send (an echo) back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reecho" + ], + "it": [ + "riecheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "echo repeatedly, echo again and again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ring loudly and deeply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thud", + "thump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a dull sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crump", + "thud", + "scrunch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a noise typical of an engine lacking lubricants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clop", + "clump", + "clunk", + "plunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or move along with a sound as of a horse's hooves striking the ground" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patter", + "pitter-patter" + ], + "it": [ + "crepitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make light, rapid and repeated sounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap", + "rap", + "knock", + "pink" + ], + "it": [ + "dare dei colpetti su", + "picchiettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make light, repeated taps on a surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "click", + "tick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a clicking or ticking sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chatter", + "click" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "click repeatedly or uncontrollably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sharp explosive noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to make a sharp explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sputter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an explosive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinkle", + "tink", + "clink", + "chink" + ], + "it": [ + "tinnire", + "tintinnare", + "tintinnire", + "trillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or emit a high sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a high sound typical of glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splash", + "splosh", + "slosh", + "slush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a splashing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hum", + "thrum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sound with a monotonous hum" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a single short high-pitched signal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumble", + "grumble" + ], + "it": [ + "borbottare", + "brontolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a low noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boom", + "din" + ], + "it": [ + "rintronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a resonant sound, like artillery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to produce a sharp often metallic explosive or percussive sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ripple", + "babble", + "guggle", + "burble", + "bubble", + "gurgle" + ], + "it": [ + "borbogliare", + "gorgogliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "flow in an irregular current with a bubbling noise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap", + "swish", + "swosh", + "swoosh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move with or cause to move with a whistling or hissing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a monotonous low dull sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whizz", + "whiz", + "whirr", + "whir", + "birr", + "purr" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a soft swishing sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wiretap", + "tap", + "intercept", + "bug" + ], + "it": [ + "intercettare", + "mettere sotto controllo", + "installare microspie in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tap a telephone or telegraph wire to get information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "take in", + "overhear" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "sentire per caso" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hear, usually without the knowledge of the speakers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch", + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive by hearing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hark", + "harken", + "hearken" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen; used mostly in the imperative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "listen in", + "eavesdrop" + ], + "it": [ + "orecchiare", + "origliare", + "spiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "listen without the speaker's knowledge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deafen", + "deaf" + ], + "it": [ + "assordare", + "rintronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or render deaf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deafen" + ], + "it": [ + "assordare", + "rintronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unbearably loud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quieten", + "hush", + "quiet", + "quiesce", + "quiet down", + "pipe down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become quiet or quieter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "louden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become louder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "soften" + ], + "it": [ + "sfumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (images or sounds) soft or softer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sharpen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (images or sounds) sharp or sharper" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gag", + "muzzle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbavagliare", + "costringere a tacere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from speaking out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change intensity" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase or decrease in intensity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muffle", + "mute", + "dull", + "damp", + "dampen", + "tone down" + ], + "it": [ + "attutire", + "ovattare", + "smorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deaden (a sound or noise), especially by wrapping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste" + ], + "it": [ + "sentire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive by the sense of taste" + ], + "it": [ + "percepire un sapore attraverso il senso del gusto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "season", + "flavor", + "flavour" + ], + "it": [ + "aromatizzare", + "condire", + "insaporire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lend flavor to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "season with a mixture of spices; typical of Indian cooking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impregnate with resin to give a special flavor to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zest", + "spice", + "spice up" + ], + "it": [ + "aromatizzare", + "condire", + "drogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add herbs or spices to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ginger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add ginger to in order to add flavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish flavors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot", + "recognize", + "recognise", + "distinguish", + "discern", + "pick out", + "make out", + "tell apart" + ], + "it": [ + "individuare", + "riconoscere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detect with the senses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make clearly visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discriminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savor", + "savour" + ], + "it": [ + "assaporare", + "degustare", + "gustare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "taste appreciatively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "savor", + "savour" + ], + "it": [ + "insaporire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give taste to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taste", + "savor", + "savour" + ], + "it": [ + "sapere", + "avere il sapore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have flavor; taste of something" + ], + "it": [ + "essere dotato di un particolare sapore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "taste" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a distinctive or characteristic taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smack", + "reek", + "smell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an element suggestive (of something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disgust", + "gross out", + "revolt", + "repel" + ], + "it": [ + "disgustare", + "rivoltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with distaste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sicken", + "nauseate", + "turn one's stomach" + ], + "it": [ + "disgustare", + "nauseare", + "stomacare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "upset and make nauseated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweeten", + "dulcify", + "edulcorate", + "dulcorate" + ], + "it": [ + "addolcire", + "dolcificare", + "mitigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sweeter in taste" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bitter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make bitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweeten with honey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugar", + "saccharify" + ], + "it": [ + "zuccherare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweeten with sugar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pepper" + ], + "it": [ + "pepare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add pepper to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salt" + ], + "it": [ + "salare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add salt to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sugarcoat", + "glaze", + "candy" + ], + "it": [ + "confettare", + "smaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coat with something sweet, such as a hard sugar glaze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mull" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat with sugar and spices to make a hot drink" + ], + "it": [ + "scaldare con aromi e zucchero" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sour", + "acidify", + "acidulate", + "acetify" + ], + "it": [ + "acidificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make sour or more sour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change taste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "alter the flavor of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to go out of sight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enjoy in a sexual way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ], + "it": [ + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience orgasm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "greet" + ], + "it": [ + "colpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be perceived by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "track" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe or plot the moving path of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit, produce, or utter with a deep prolonged reverberating sound" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seem" + ], + "it": [ + "parere", + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear to one's own mind or opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt the normal function of by means of anesthesia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surveil", + "follow", + "survey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep under surveillance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the source of great pain for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perceive the true nature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "etch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stand out or be clearly defined or visible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take aim by looking through the sights of a gun (or other device)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "glow or cause to glow with warm color or light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferire il possesso di qualcosa ad un altra persona" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cough up", + "pony up", + "spit up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give reluctantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave with; give temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "gift", + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "regalare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give as a present; make a gift of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endow", + "dower" + ], + "it": [ + "sovvenzionare", + "devolvere denaro a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with an endowment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endow with a benefice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute", + "give out", + "hand out", + "pass out" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "dispensare", + "distribuire", + "elargire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to several people" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere a disposizione gratuitamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a gift of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raffle", + "raffle off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of in a lottery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tip", + "fee", + "bung" + ], + "it": [ + "dare la mancia a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a tip or gratuity to in return for a service, beyond the compensation agreed on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "hold on" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere", + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retain possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry over", + "hold over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold over goods to be sold for the next season" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ], + "it": [ + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look after; be the keeper of; have charge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "maintain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain for use and service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have", + "have got", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "essere", + "possedere", + "trovarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" + ], + "it": [ + "detenere il possessso di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a supply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store or keep customarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopolize", + "monopolise" + ], + "it": [ + "monopolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or exploit a monopoly of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wield", + "exert", + "maintain" + ], + "it": [ + "esercitare", + "mantenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have and exercise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "own", + "have", + "possess" + ], + "it": [ + "detenere", + "possedere", + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have ownership or possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "possess beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have left" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take into one's possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take away" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take from a person or place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take back", + "repossess" + ], + "it": [ + "racquistare", + "recuperare", + "riacquistare", + "ricuperare", + "ripigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regain possession of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come by", + "come into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain, especially accidentally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get credit or money by using a bad check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the amount (of a check) fraudulently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stumble", + "hit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encounter by chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take forcibly from legal custody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by attacking with scaling ladders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy", + "purchase" + ], + "it": [ + "acquistare", + "comprare", + "comperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy back", + "repurchase" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy what had previously been sold, lost, or given away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy, select" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lease", + "rent", + "hire", + "charter", + "engage", + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage for service under a term of contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lease", + "let", + "rent" + ], + "it": [ + "affittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant use or occupation of under a term of contract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sublet", + "sublease" + ], + "it": [ + "subaffittare", + "sublocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lease or rent all or part of (a leased or rented property) to another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hire out", + "rent out", + "farm out" + ], + "it": [ + "affittare", + "locare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant the services of or the temporary use of, for a fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscribe", + "subscribe to", + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive or obtain regularly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "accept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make use of or accept for some purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "incassare", + "introitare", + "percepire", + "ricevere", + "riscotere", + "riscuotere", + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get something; come into possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get by trying hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive (a report) officially, as from a committee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fence" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive stolen goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get", + "acquire" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenere", + "avere", + "acquisire", + "acquistare", + "prendere", + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get by buying and selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquire by trade or sacrifice or exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find" + ], + "it": [ + "trovare", + "rintracciare", + "recuperare", + "ricuperare", + "reperire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain through effort or management" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare a disporre di qualcosa che si cercava" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize upon or latch onto something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enter upon", + "come upon", + "luck into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny", + "refuse" + ], + "it": [ + "negare", + "rifiutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to let have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny", + "abnegate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deny oneself (something); restrain, especially from indulging in some pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line up", + "get hold", + "come up", + "find" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get something or somebody for a specific purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare a poter disporre di qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withhold", + "keep back" + ], + "it": [ + "trattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back; refuse to hand over or share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep to oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withhold information" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deny" + ], + "it": [ + "negare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to grant, as of a petition or request" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve" + ], + "it": [ + "riserbare", + "riservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back or set aside, especially for future use or contingency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set aside or apart for a specific purpose or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immobilize", + "immobilise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold as reserve or withdraw from circulation; of capital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withhold", + "deduct", + "recoup" + ], + "it": [ + "ritenere", + "trattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retain and refrain from disbursing; of payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deduct from someone's wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "annex" + ], + "it": [ + "annettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (territory) as if by conquest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish money for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate a fund for the discharge of a recurrent liability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest money in government securities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide a fund for the redemption of principal or payment of interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grubstake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with funds in return for a promised share of profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankroll" + ], + "it": [ + "foraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with sufficient funds; finance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb", + "take over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up, as of debts or payments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidize", + "subsidise" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziare", + "sovvenzionare", + "sussidiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support through subsidies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsidize", + "subsidise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure the assistance of by granting a subsidy, as of nations or military forces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance" + ], + "it": [ + "finanziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain or provide money for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help (an enterprise) in its early stages of development by providing seed money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support financial backing for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "finance" + ], + "it": [ + "far credito" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell or provide on credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund-raise", + "fund raise", + "fundraise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise money for a cause or project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collect", + "take in" + ], + "it": [ + "esigere", + "incassare", + "riscotere", + "riscuotere", + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call for and obtain payment of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect fees or profits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refinance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "renew the financing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place or store up in a fund for accumulation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computerize", + "computerise" + ], + "it": [ + "computerizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fund" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert (short-term floating debt) into long-term debt that bears fixed interest and is represented by bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support materially or financially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provide", + "bring home the bacon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply means of subsistence; earn a living" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support financially through a period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponsor", + "patronize", + "patronise" + ], + "it": [ + "sponsorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume sponsorship of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sponsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume responsibility for or leadership of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cosponsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sponsor together with another sponsor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer" + ], + "it": [ + "alienare", + "cedere", + "trasferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer by a lease or by a will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alien", + "alienate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer property or ownership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer by endorsement to another in return for value received" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "negociate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell or discount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convey" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit a title or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer to another; of rights or property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desacralize", + "secularize" + ], + "it": [ + "secolarizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer from ecclesiastical to civil possession, use, or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "change hands", + "change owners" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be transferred to another owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become legally vested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discard", + "fling", + "toss", + "toss out", + "toss away", + "chuck out", + "cast aside", + "dispose", + "throw out", + "cast out", + "throw away", + "cast away", + "put away" + ], + "it": [ + "gettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or cast away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slough off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discard as undesirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deep-six", + "give it the deep six" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "toss out; get rid of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jettison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw away, of something encumbering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trash", + "junk", + "scrap" + ], + "it": [ + "buttar via", + "gettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of (something useless or old)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weed out", + "comb out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove unwanted elements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to go away through effort or work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get rid of", + "remove" + ], + "it": [ + "rimuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove something that has been rejected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump", + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sever all ties with, usually unceremoniously or irresponsibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw away as refuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of (something no longer useful or needed)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save", + "preserve" + ], + "it": [ + "conservare", + "serbare", + "economizzare", + "risparmiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to keep up and reserve for personal or special use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stint", + "skimp", + "scant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply sparingly and with restricted quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip (a car) with fins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with a motor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "motorize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with a motor vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrace", + "terrasse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a house) with a terrace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a dado" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "innervate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply nerves to (some organ or body part)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclaim", + "recover" + ], + "it": [ + "ricuperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reuse (materials from waste products)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embalm" + ], + "it": [ + "imbalsamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve a dead body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummify" + ], + "it": [ + "mummificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the organs and dry out (a dead body) in order to preserve it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chuck", + "ditch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreswear", + "renounce", + "quit", + "relinquish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn away from; give up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandon", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up with the intent of never claiming again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abandon" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forsake, leave behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ditch" + ], + "it": [ + "piantare", + "scaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forsake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maroon", + "strand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave stranded or isolated with little hope of rescue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer one's right to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assign", + "allot", + "portion" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reallot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allot again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bequeath", + "will", + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave or give by will after one's death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give by will, especially real property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "return", + "pass", + "devolve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inherited by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "light" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall to somebody by assignment or lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accrue", + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into the possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass on" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to or transfer possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "propagate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit from one generation to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand down" + ], + "it": [ + "tramandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "passed on, as by inheritance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "hand", + "reach", + "pass on", + "turn over", + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "allungare", + "passare", + "dare", + "porgere", + "affidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into the hands or custody of" + ], + "it": [ + "consegnare qualcosa a qualcuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slip", + "sneak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass on stealthily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw (a ball) to another player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "convey", + "transmit", + "communicate" + ], + "it": [ + "trasmettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "load" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer from a storage device to a computer's memory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (printed matter) to transfer or smear onto another surface" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from one place to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (electronic data) into a database or document" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (electronic data) out of a database or document in a format that can be used by other programs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer to a peripheral device, of computer data" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post", + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (entries) from one account book to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "FTP" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use the file transfer protocol to transfer data from one computer to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer data intended for a peripheral device (usually a printer) into temporary storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "download" + ], + "it": [ + "scaricare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer a file or program from a central computer to a smaller computer or to a computer at a remote location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer a file or program to a central computer from a smaller computer or a computer at a remote location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allocate", + "apportion" + ], + "it": [ + "allocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute according to a plan or set apart for a special purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reapportion", + "reallocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allocate, distribute, or apportion anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ration", + "ration out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute in rations, as in the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ration" + ], + "it": [ + "dosare", + "razionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict the consumption of a relatively scarce commodity, as during war" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surrender", + "cede", + "deliver", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relinquish possession or control over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surrender, as a result of pressure or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up for a price or reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "fornire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convey or reveal information" + ], + "it": [ + "far avere a qualcuno un'informazione comunicandogliela" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deposit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept", + "take", + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive willingly something given or offered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept", + "admit", + "take", + "take on" + ], + "it": [ + "accettare", + "ammettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit into a group or community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on more fuel, as of a plane, ship, or car" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in fuel, as of a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welcome" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "gradire", + "accettare di buon grado" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept gladly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refuse", + "reject", + "pass up", + "turn down", + "decline" + ], + "it": [ + "recusare", + "respingere", + "ricusare", + "rifiutare", + "rigettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to accept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor", + "honour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as pay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put up", + "contribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonor", + "dishonour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to accept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obtain" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "source" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get (a product) from another country or business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procure", + "secure" + ], + "it": [ + "procurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get by special effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get despite difficulties or obstacles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by legal or official process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get in", + "get into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure a place in a college, university, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copyright" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure a copyright on a written work" + ], + "it": [ + "proteggere con diritti d'autore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent" + ], + "it": [ + "brevettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain a patent for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eke out", + "squeeze out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain with difficulty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eke out", + "squeeze out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make by laborious and precarious means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engage", + "enlist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hire for work or assistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recruit" + ], + "it": [ + "assoldare", + "ingaggiare", + "reclutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek to employ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seek" + ], + "it": [ + "ricercare", + "cercare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to get or reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a serious effort to attain something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a search (for)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extort", + "squeeze", + "rack", + "gouge", + "wring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain by coercion or intimidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gazump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise the price of something after agreeing on a lower price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain through intimidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackmail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain through threats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scalp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell illegally, as on the black market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootleg" + ], + "it": [ + "contrabbandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell illicit products such as drugs or alcohol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "black market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ], + "it": [ + "smerciare", + "vendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell securities or commodities or foreign currency that is not actually owned by the seller, who hopes to cover (buy back) the sold items at a lower price and thus to earn a profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remainder" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell cheaply as remainders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resell" + ], + "it": [ + "rivendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell (something) again after having bought it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell articles, television programs, or photos to several publications or independent broadcasting stations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaccession" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell (art works) from a collection, especially in order to raise money for the purchase of other art works" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of by selling, usually at reduced prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foist off", + "palm off", + "fob off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell as genuine, sell with the intention to deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "realize", + "realise" + ], + "it": [ + "realizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into cash; of goods and property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "auction", + "auction off", + "auctioneer" + ], + "it": [ + "vendere all'asta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell at an auction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal", + "sell", + "trade" + ], + "it": [ + "commerciare", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "push" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell or promote the sale of (illegal goods such as drugs)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black marketeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal on the black market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use or deal in (as of stock or commercial transaction) in a pyramid deal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute cards to the players in a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give (a specific card) to a player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal cards wrongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retail" + ], + "it": [ + "rivendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell on the retail market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wholesale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell in large quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fetch", + "bring in", + "bring" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sold for a certain price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell out", + "sell up", + "liquidize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of all one's merchandise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "de-access" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidare", + "smaltire", + "smerciare", + "svendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of by selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recover", + "retrieve", + "find", + "regain" + ], + "it": [ + "ricuperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or find back; recover the use of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or regain something necessary, usually quickly or briefly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find", + "happen", + "chance", + "bump", + "encounter" + ], + "it": [ + "trovare", + "imbattersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come upon, as if by accident; meet with" + ], + "it": [ + "imbattersi accidentalmente in qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "access" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain or retrieve from a storage device; as of information on a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "access or locate by address" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log in", + "log on", + "log-in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "log out", + "log off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exit a computer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recover", + "recoup", + "recuperate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regain or make up for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recoup", + "reimburse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reimburse or compensate (someone), as for a loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensate", + "recompense", + "remunerate" + ], + "it": [ + "retribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make payment to; compensate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpay" + ], + "it": [ + "strapagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay too much" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underpay" + ], + "it": [ + "sottopagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay too little" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay for something before receiving it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go Dutch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share expenses equally and split the cost of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensate", + "recompense", + "repair", + "indemnify" + ], + "it": [ + "indennizzare", + "rimborsare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make amends for; pay compensation for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insure" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out insurance for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indemnify" + ], + "it": [ + "assicurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure against future loss, damage, or liability; give security for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinsure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide additional insurance for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coinsure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out coinsurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ], + "it": [ + "pagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give money, usually in exchange for goods or services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay a tenth of one's income, especially to the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay one tenth of; pay tithes on, especially to the church" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i32999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay up", + "ante up", + "pay" + ], + "it": [ + "estinguere", + "pagare", + "regolare", + "saldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancel or discharge a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ], + "it": [ + "liquidare", + "saldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge or settle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay someone and settle a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay", + "pay off", + "make up", + "compensate" + ], + "it": [ + "pagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do or give something to somebody in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "default", + "default on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to pay up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owe" + ], + "it": [ + "dovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in debt" + ], + "it": [ + "essere indebitato con qualcuno di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be obliged to pay or repay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "settle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of; make a financial settlement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle the affairs of by determining the debts and applying the assets to pay them off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to accept and send back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come back after being refused" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remit" + ], + "it": [ + "rimettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send (money) in payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accord", + "allot", + "grant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allow", + "grant" + ], + "it": [ + "concedere", + "tollerare", + "permettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vouchsafe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant in a condescending manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allowance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on a fixed allowance, as of food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant", + "deed over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer by deed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prize", + "value", + "treasure", + "appreciate" + ], + "it": [ + "apprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold dear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash", + "cash in" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange for cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeem" + ], + "it": [ + "cambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "convert into cash; of commercial papers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeem", + "pay off" + ], + "it": [ + "ammortare", + "ammortizzare", + "estinguere", + "riscattare", + "svincolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay off (loans or promissory notes)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ransom", + "redeem" + ], + "it": [ + "riscattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange or buy back for money; under threat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to turn in (vouchers or coupons) and receive something in exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange", + "change", + "interchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to, and receive from, one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitute", + "replace", + "interchange", + "exchange" + ], + "it": [ + "surrogare", + "sostituire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truncate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "replace a corner by a plane" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitute", + "sub", + "stand in", + "fill in" + ], + "it": [ + "sostituire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade", + "swap", + "swop", + "switch" + ], + "it": [ + "scambiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange or give (something) in exchange for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange goods without involving money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat down", + "bargain down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persuade the seller to accept a lower price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haggle", + "higgle", + "chaffer", + "huckster" + ], + "it": [ + "mercanteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wrangle (over a price, terms of an agreement, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dicker", + "bargain" + ], + "it": [ + "contrattare", + "mercanteggiare", + "tirare sul prezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negotiate the terms of an exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade", + "trade in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn in as payment or part payment for a purchase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade", + "merchandise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in the trade of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade or deal a commodity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arbitrage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice arbitrage, as in the stock market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "traffic" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do business worth a certain amount of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "broker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a broker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a gift or entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "award", + "present" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give, especially as an honor or reward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present someone with a certificate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "award", + "grant" + ], + "it": [ + "concedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give as judged due or on the basis of merit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension", + "pension off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a pension to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present", + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand over formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submit (a verdict) to a court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "donate" + ], + "it": [ + "dare", + "devolvere", + "donare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give to a charity or good cause" + ], + "it": [ + "trasferire il possesso di qualcosa a qualcun'altro a scopo di beneficenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confer", + "bestow" + ], + "it": [ + "tributare", + "conferire", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present" + ], + "it": [ + "manifestare con solennità e con atti formali" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bestow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give as a gift" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow in large quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer a miter on (a bishop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bless" + ], + "it": [ + "benedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer prosperity or happiness on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate" + ], + "it": [ + "laureare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer an academic degree upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "graduate" + ], + "it": [ + "laurearsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lavish", + "shower" + ], + "it": [ + "prodigare", + "profondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "credit" + ], + "it": [ + "accreditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accounting: enter as credit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "conguagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compute credits and debits of an account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "sbilanciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be off balance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account", + "calculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep an account of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debit" + ], + "it": [ + "addebitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter as debit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend credit to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compound" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "calculate principal and interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save", + "lay aside", + "save up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate money for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend lavishly or wastefully on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend at a high rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanton", + "wanton away", + "trifle away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend wastefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend at less than the normal rate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend (money or other resources) unwisely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "penny-pinch", + "nickel-and-dime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend money frugally; spend as little as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend less; buy at a reduced price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spend", + "expend", + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "esborsare", + "impiegare", + "spendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spend" + ], + "it": [ + "consumare", + "spendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend completely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend more than available of (a budget)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend less than the whole of (a budget, for example)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take", + "occupy", + "use up" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegare", + "metterci", + "occorrere", + "occupare", + "mettere", + "prendere", + "richiedere", + "andare", + "volerci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require (time or space)" + ], + "it": [ + "essere necessario" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend or use time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waste", + "blow", + "squander" + ], + "it": [ + "buttare", + "consumare", + "dilapidare", + "discipare", + "dissipare", + "sciupare", + "sperperare", + "sprecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend thoughtlessly; throw away" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tighten one's belt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live frugally and use less resources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend (significant amounts of money)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "splurge", + "fling" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulge oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conserve", + "husband", + "economize", + "economise" + ], + "it": [ + "risparmiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use cautiously and frugally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rationalize", + "rationalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "structure and run according to rational or scientific principles in order to achieve desired results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tighten one's belt; use resources carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrounge", + "forage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect or look around for (food)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forage food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "schnorr", + "shnorr", + "scrounge", + "cadge" + ], + "it": [ + "approfittarsi", + "sbafare", + "scroccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain or seek to obtain by cadging or wheedling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mooch", + "bum", + "cadge", + "grub", + "sponge" + ], + "it": [ + "sbafare", + "scroccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask for and get free; be a parasite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeload" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live off somebody's generosity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beg" + ], + "it": [ + "elemosinare", + "mendicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to obtain free" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "panhandle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "beg by accosting people in the street and asking for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invest", + "put", + "commit", + "place" + ], + "it": [ + "collocare", + "impiegare", + "investire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an investment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "re-invest (a previous investment) into a similar fund or security" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "negociate to repay a loan at a later date for an additional fee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest (money) so that it is not taxable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest so as to make unavailable for other purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speculate", + "job" + ], + "it": [ + "specolare", + "speculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest at a risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to raise the price of stocks through speculative buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appropriate", + "capture", + "seize", + "conquer" + ], + "it": [ + "conquistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take possession of by force, as after an invasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reconquer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conquer anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preoccupy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy or take possession of beforehand or before another or appropriate for use in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impound", + "attach", + "sequester", + "confiscate", + "seize" + ], + "it": [ + "avocare", + "confiscare", + "espropriare", + "incamerare", + "requisire", + "sequestrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appropriate (property) for public use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sequester" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "requisition forcibly, as of enemy property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garnishee", + "garnish" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a debtor's wages on legal orders, such as for child support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take over", + "buy out", + "buy up" + ], + "it": [ + "rilevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take over ownership of; of corporations and companies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume", + "usurp", + "seize", + "take over", + "arrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hijack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize control of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take over (a company) by buying a controlling interest of its stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "claim", + "lay claim", + "arrogate" + ], + "it": [ + "reclamare", + "rivendicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand as being one's due or property; assert one's right or title to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pretend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward a claim and assert right or possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requisition" + ], + "it": [ + "requisire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand and take for use or service, especially by military or public authority for public service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derequisition" + ], + "it": [ + "derequisire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release from government control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reclaim", + "repossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "claim back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distrain" + ], + "it": [ + "pegnorare", + "pignorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "legally take something in place of a debt payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foreclose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to foreclosing procedures; take away the right of mortgagors to redeem their mortgage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrogate", + "assign" + ], + "it": [ + "ascrivere", + "imputare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make undue claims to having" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pilfer", + "cabbage", + "purloin", + "pinch", + "abstract", + "snarf", + "swipe", + "hook", + "sneak", + "filch", + "nobble", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "arraffare", + "cuccare", + "grattare", + "rubare", + "trafugare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make off with belongings of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rustle", + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoplift" + ], + "it": [ + "taccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steal in a store" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold up", + "stick up" + ], + "it": [ + "assaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rob at gunpoint or by means of some other threat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rob at gunpoint or with the threat of violence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pirate" + ], + "it": [ + "piratare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copy illegally; of published material" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plagiarize", + "plagiarise", + "lift" + ], + "it": [ + "plagiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take without referencing from someone else's writing or speech; of intellectual property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take unauthorized (intellectual material)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket" + ], + "it": [ + "intascare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in one's pocket" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line one's pockets" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a lot of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit", + "turn a profit" + ], + "it": [ + "ricavare", + "profittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a profit; gain money or materially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn a nice dime", + "turn a nice penny", + "turn a nice dollar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a satisfactory profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a big profit; often in a short period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash in on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take advantage of or capitalize on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profiteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an unreasonable profit, as on the sale of difficult to obtain goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise", + "take advantage" + ], + "it": [ + "approfittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw advantages from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break even" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make neither profit nor loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conserve", + "preserve", + "maintain", + "keep up" + ], + "it": [ + "conservare", + "costudire", + "custodire", + "mantenere", + "mantenere in buono stato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plastinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve (tissue) with plastics, as for teaching and research purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run down", + "exhaust", + "play out", + "sap", + "tire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deplete" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "store", + "hive away", + "lay in", + "put in", + "salt away", + "stack away", + "stash away" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulare", + "mettere da parte", + "collocare", + "depositare", + "immagazzinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep or lay aside for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lay in provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mothball" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into long-term storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put (something) in a place for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store on a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a tank by causing (something) to flow into it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a loft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warehouse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a warehouse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "store" + ], + "it": [ + "immagazzinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find a place for and put away for storage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "garage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep or store in a garage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottle" + ], + "it": [ + "imbottigliare", + "infiascare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store (liquids or gases) in bottles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensile" + ], + "it": [ + "insilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store in a silo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retain", + "hold", + "keep back", + "hold back" + ], + "it": [ + "conservare", + "detenere", + "trattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secure and keep for possible future use or application" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep open", + "hold open", + "keep", + "save" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retain rights to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bribe", + "corrupt", + "buy", + "grease one's palms" + ], + "it": [ + "comprare", + "corrompere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a conciliatory gift or bribe to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy stocks or shares of a company" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take money from an illegal transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy off", + "pay off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay someone with influence in order to receive a favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refund", + "return", + "repay", + "give back" + ], + "it": [ + "ridare", + "rifondere", + "rimborsare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reimburse" + ], + "it": [ + "rimborsare", + "rifondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay back for some expense incurred" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "carry", + "stockpile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have on hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "find", + "regain" + ], + "it": [ + "rinvenire", + "ritrovare", + "trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost" + ], + "it": [ + "rientrare in possesso di qualcosa che si era perso" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find by testing or cautious exploration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locate", + "turn up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unearth" + ], + "it": [ + "esumare", + "portare alla luce", + "scoprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall upon", + "strike", + "come upon", + "light upon", + "chance upon", + "come across", + "chance on", + "happen upon", + "attain", + "discover" + ], + "it": [ + "PSEUDOGAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "find unexpectedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy casually or spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foot", + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay for something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinpoint", + "nail" + ], + "it": [ + "individuare", + "localizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate exactly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "miss from one's possessions; lose sight of" + ], + "it": [ + "cessare di possedere, smarrire qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense" + ], + "it": [ + "cessare di possedere qualcosa sia in senso fisico (parti del corpo) che astratto (facoltà, qualità)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get rid of by sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to get or obtain" + ], + "it": [ + "non riuscire ad ottenere qualcosa, non riuscire a sfruttare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquire", + "win", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "conquistare", + "conseguire", + "guadagnare", + "ottenere", + "raccogliere", + "riportare", + "vincere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win something through one's efforts" + ], + "it": [ + "ottenere qualcosa per aver superato una prova, una gara, un concorso e simili" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cozen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheat or trick" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lose", + "turn a loss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to make money in a business; make a loss or fail to profit" + ], + "it": [ + "subire un danno, rimetterci denaro o altri beni" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be debited and credited to the proper bank accounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gain", + "take in", + "clear", + "make", + "earn", + "realize", + "realise", + "pull in", + "bring in" + ], + "it": [ + "guadagnare", + "realizzare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take home", + "bring home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earn as a salary or wage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake in", + "shovel in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earn large sums of money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "earn", + "garner" + ], + "it": [ + "guadagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquire or deserve by one's efforts or actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "letter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win an athletic letter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "profit", + "gain", + "benefit" + ], + "it": [ + "beneficiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "derive a benefit from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pyramid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enlarge one's holdings on an exchange on a continued rise by using paper profits as margin to buy additional amounts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefit", + "do good" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be beneficial for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "andare d'accordo", + "accordarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be agreeable or suitable" + ], + "it": [ + "avere una affinità di base con qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net", + "sack", + "sack up", + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make as a net profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "earn before taxes, expenses, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "net", + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield as a net profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield", + "pay", + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "fruttare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring in" + ], + "it": [ + "ricavare un utile, un profitto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield a profit or result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derive", + "gain" + ], + "it": [ + "acquistare", + "ottenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rout up", + "rout out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or find by searching" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pocket", + "bag" + ], + "it": [ + "intascare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take unlawfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embezzle", + "defalcate", + "peculate", + "misappropriate", + "malversate" + ], + "it": [ + "malversare", + "sottrarre", + "appropriarsi indebitamente di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appropriate (as property entrusted to one's care) fraudulently to one's own use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit fraud and steal from one's employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reap", + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "mietere", + "attingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or derive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hand over", + "fork over", + "fork out", + "fork up", + "turn in", + "deliver", + "render" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to surrender someone or something to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver something in trust to somebody for a special purpose and for a limited period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formally hand over to the bridegroom in marriage; of a bride by her father" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barter away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trade in in a bartering transaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share", + "divvy up", + "portion out", + "apportion", + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "distribuire", + "ripartire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give out as one's portion or share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute", + "administer", + "mete out", + "deal", + "parcel out", + "lot", + "dispense", + "shell out", + "deal out", + "dish out", + "allot", + "dole out" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnare", + "dispensare", + "distribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer or bestow, as in small portions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admeasure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the quantity of someone's share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partake", + "share", + "partake in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have, give, or receive a share of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow someone to have a share or profit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share" + ], + "it": [ + "condividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use jointly or in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share a room or a bed designed for only one person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pool" + ], + "it": [ + "accomunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "combine into a common fund" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "communalize", + "communalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make something the property of the commune or community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impart", + "leave", + "give", + "pass on" + ], + "it": [ + "impartire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transmit (knowledge or skills)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a tender of; in legal settlements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tender" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer or present for acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available or accessible, provide or furnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "signalize", + "signalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with traffic signals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "proffer" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present for acceptance or rejection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available for sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available for sale at an auction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "extend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer verbally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend", + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available; provide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in the commercial promotion, sale, or distribution of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal in a market" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "bid", + "tender" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "propose a payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "by-bid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid on behalf of someone else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer to buy, as of stocks and shares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pledge", + "subscribe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay (an amount of money) as a contribution to a charity or service, especially at regular intervals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid more than the object is worth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid too low" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbid" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "offrire di più di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid higher than others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid lower than a competing bidder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bid", + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "chiamare una carta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere una carta da gioco" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bridge: make a demand for (a card or suit)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "designate (a trump suit or no-trump) with the final bid of a hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outcall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a higher bid than (the previous bid or player); in a card game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid (a hand of cards) at less than the strength of the hand warrants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bid over an opponent's bid when one's partner has not bid or doubled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to bid for more tricks than one can expect to win," + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a preemptive bid in the game of bridge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disburse", + "pay out" + ], + "it": [ + "disborsare", + "erogare", + "sborsare", + "snocciolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expend, as from a fund" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong" + ], + "it": [ + "appartenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be owned by; be in the possession of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear", + "take over", + "accept", + "assume" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "accettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on as one's own the expenses or debts of another person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face the music", + "carry-the can" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept the unpleasant consequences of one's actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "possedere", + "ricoprire", + "rivestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have rightfully; of rights, titles, and offices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquire for oneself before others can do so" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preempt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain possession of by prior right or opportunity, especially so as to obtain the right to buy (land)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "peddle", + "monger", + "huckster", + "hawk", + "vend", + "pitch" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "andare in giro a vendere", + "vendere per strada" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell or offer for sale from place to place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispense with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forgo or do or go without" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forfeit", + "give up", + "throw overboard", + "waive", + "forgo", + "forego" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose (s.th.) or lose the right to (s.th.) by some error, offense, or crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lapse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let slip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "capture after a fight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recapture", + "retake" + ], + "it": [ + "riconquistare", + "rioccupare", + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take back by force, as after a battle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring about the capture of an elementary particle or celestial body and causing it enter a new orbit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be captured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snap up", + "snaffle", + "grab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get hold of or seize quickly and easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hog" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take greedily; take more than one's share" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll up", + "collect", + "accumulate", + "pile up", + "amass", + "compile", + "hoard" + ], + "it": [ + "accumulare", + "ammassare", + "ammucchiare", + "cumulare", + "immagazzinare", + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or gather together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collect", + "pick up", + "gather up", + "call for" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather or collect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoard", + "stash", + "cache", + "lay away", + "hive up", + "squirrel away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "save up as for future use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "store, like bees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect funds for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "levy", + "impose" + ], + "it": [ + "infliggere", + "mettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose and collect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge a fee for using" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "levy a tithe on (produce or a crop)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tithe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exact a tithe from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reimpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose as a duty, burden, or punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mulct" + ], + "it": [ + "multare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose a fine on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax" + ], + "it": [ + "tassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "levy a tax on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "levy an excise tax on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tariff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge a tariff" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surtax" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "levy an extra tax on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overtax" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tax excessively" + ], + "it": [ + "imporre tasse eccessive a" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tax", + "assess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set or determine the amount of (a payment such as a fine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge (a person or a property) with a payment, such as a tax or a fine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribute", + "give", + "chip in", + "kick in" + ], + "it": [ + "contribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contribute to some cause" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combine" + ], + "it": [ + "associare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add together from different sources" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give", + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or convey physically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give (as medicine)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply (the tread) to a tire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administer" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform (a church sacrament) ritually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "insufflate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "breathe or blow onto as a ritual or sacramental act, especially so as to symbolize the action of the Holy Spirit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render", + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "rendere", + "respingere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give back" + ], + "it": [ + "ridare a qualcuno ciò che ha perduto, o ciò che gli è stato arbitrariamente sottratto", + "riconsegnare ciò che si è ricevuto in prestito" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed back", + "resubmit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "submit (information) again to a program or automatic system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "render", + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make over as a return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restore", + "restitute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or bring back" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sufficient to meet, defray, or offset the charge or cost of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deposit", + "bank" + ], + "it": [ + "depositare", + "versare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a bank account" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeposit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deposit once again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheque", + "check out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw money by writing a check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "withdraw", + "draw", + "take out", + "draw off" + ], + "it": [ + "levare", + "prelevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (a commodity) from (a supply source)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a small amount from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divert", + "hive off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw (money) and move into a different location, often secretly and with dishonest intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw more money from than is available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ], + "it": [ + "spillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "draw from or dip into to get something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall", + "call in", + "call back", + "withdraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be returned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decommission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw from active service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by stealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from a burden, evil, or distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smooth", + "smooth out" + ], + "it": [ + "appianare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from obstructions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from having, keeping, or obtaining" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tongue-tie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of speech" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive someone of benefits, as a penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "evade payment to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divest", + "disinvest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce or dispose of; cease to hold (an investment)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deprive", + "strip", + "divest" + ], + "it": [ + "spogliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take away possessions from someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispossess" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of the possession of real estate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive completely of money or goods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unclothe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deplume", + "displume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip of honors, possessions, or attributes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unsex" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of sex or sexual powers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orphan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of parents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bereave" + ], + "it": [ + "orbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive through death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inherit" + ], + "it": [ + "ereditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain from someone after their death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inherit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive by genetic transmission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inherit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive from a predecessor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinherit", + "disown" + ], + "it": [ + "diseredare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent deliberately (as by making a will) from inheriting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "release", + "relinquish", + "resign", + "free", + "give up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part with a possession or right" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concede", + "yield", + "cede", + "grant" + ], + "it": [ + "concedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "recare", + "attribuire", + "concedere", + "dare", + "fornire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense" + ], + "it": [ + "essere causa di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grant", + "give" + ], + "it": [ + "conferire", + "dare", + "concedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow, especially officially" + ], + "it": [ + "attribuire per diritto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay with a credit card; pay with plastic money; postpone payment by recording a purchase as a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay cash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay (for something) with cash" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impoverish" + ], + "it": [ + "depauperare", + "immiserire", + "impoverire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make poor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen and make more modest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar", + "pauperize", + "pauperise" + ], + "it": [ + "impoverire", + "ridurre in miseria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to beggary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bankrupt", + "ruin", + "break", + "smash" + ], + "it": [ + "mandare in rovina", + "rovinare", + "sbancare", + "portare al fallimento" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce to bankruptcy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become bankrupt or insolvent; fail financially and close" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enrich" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make wealthy or richer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feather one's nest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enrich oneself by taking advantage of one's position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcharge", + "soak", + "surcharge", + "gazump", + "fleece", + "plume", + "pluck", + "rob", + "hook" + ], + "it": [ + "spellare", + "spennare", + "spolpare", + "stangare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rip off; ask an unreasonable price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undercharge" + ], + "it": [ + "far pagare di meno a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge (someone) too little money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discount" + ], + "it": [ + "fare uno sconto", + "ribassare", + "scontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a reduction in price on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "allow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant as a discount or in exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "increase the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold the line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold the line on prices; keep the price of something constant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mark down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reduce the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a reduction in the price during a sale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge", + "bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surcharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge an extra fee, as for a special service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invoice" + ], + "it": [ + "fatturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send an bill to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a certain amount as a charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chalk up", + "run up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accumulate as a debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rob" + ], + "it": [ + "rapinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take something away by force or without the consent of the owner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pilfer or rob" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steal" + ], + "it": [ + "rubare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take without the owner's consent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hook", + "snitch", + "thieve", + "cop", + "knock off", + "glom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take by theft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take without permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hustle", + "pluck", + "roll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell something to or obtain something from by energetic and especially underhanded activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place into a river" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide or furnish with a stock of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock", + "buy in", + "stock up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amass so as to keep for future use or sale or for a particular occasion or use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock excessively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "understock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stock with less than the usual or desirable number or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caption" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a caption, as of a photograph or a drawing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "borrow" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lend", + "loan" + ], + "it": [ + "imprestare", + "prestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give temporarily; let have for a limited time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lend", + "impart", + "bestow", + "contribute", + "add", + "bring" + ], + "it": [ + "contribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow a quality on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "factor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a contributing factor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instill", + "transfuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart as if by breathing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinsel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impart a cheap brightness to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ], + "it": [ + "immolare", + "sacrificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a sacrifice of; in religious rituals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "immolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer as a sacrifice by killing or by giving up to destruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do one's shopping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "market" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy household supplies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shop", + "browse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shop around; not necessarily buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comparison-shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compare prices for a given item" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antique" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shop for antiques" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take out", + "buy food" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "purchase prepared food to be eaten at home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "window-shop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine the shop windows; shop with the eyes only" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supply", + "provide", + "render", + "furnish" + ], + "it": [ + "erogare", + "fornire", + "provvedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give something useful or necessary to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tube" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a tube or insert a tube into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a ticket for passage or admission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with livestock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with fish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with a stock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a rim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fret" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a musical instrument) with frets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with steps" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a grate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "capitalize", + "capitalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with capital, as of a business by using a combination of capital used by investors and debt capital provided by lenders" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alphabetize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with an alphabet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wharf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a wharf" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-cool", + "air-condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with an apparatus for controlling the humidity and temperature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "air-condition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control the humidity and temperature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uniform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with uniforms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "railroad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with railroad lines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bewhisker", + "whisker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with whiskers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtitle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply (a movie) with subtitles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a newspaper page or a story) with a headline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide funds complementary to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobnail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with hobnails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a wife; marry (someone) to a wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victual" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with food" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surfeit", + "cloy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply or feed to surfeit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heat" + ], + "it": [ + "scaldare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam-heat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "heat by means of steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "locate", + "place", + "site" + ], + "it": [ + "collocare", + "situare", + "ubicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a location to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with new seats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a seat on a chair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a new seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a ramp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "munition" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with weapons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arm" + ], + "it": [ + "armare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with arms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rearm" + ], + "it": [ + "riarmare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arm again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interleave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (books) with blank leaves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glass", + "glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-glaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with two sheets of glass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crenel", + "crenelate", + "crenellate" + ], + "it": [ + "merlare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with battlements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "causeway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a causeway" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canal", + "canalize", + "canalise" + ], + "it": [ + "canalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a city) with a canal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a bushing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brattice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with a brattice, to ventilate mines" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furnish" + ], + "it": [ + "ammobiliare", + "arredare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide or equip with furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip or bar with slats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refurnish" + ], + "it": [ + "riammobiliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with new or different furniture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "berth" + ], + "it": [ + "assegnare una cuccetta" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a berth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a bed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a bunk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "computerize", + "computerise" + ], + "it": [ + "computerizzare", + "informatizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with computers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "costume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with costumes; as for a film or play" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a bottom or a seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rafter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a ceiling) with rafters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retool" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide (a workshop or factory) with new tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "key" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a key" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel" + ], + "it": [ + "rifornirsi di carburante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a combustible substance that provides energy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gas up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill with gasoline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refuel" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rifornire di carburante" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with additional fuel, as of aircraft, ships, and cars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill (a ship's bunker) with coal or oil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "provision", + "purvey" + ], + "it": [ + "vettovagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with provisions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield", + "give", + "afford" + ], + "it": [ + "fornire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the cause or source of" + ], + "it": [ + "essere causa di qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equip", + "fit", + "fit out", + "outfit" + ], + "it": [ + "armare", + "attrezzare", + "equipaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with (something) usually for a specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "horseshoe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip (a horse) with a horseshoe or horseshoes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "outfit or equip, as with accessories" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "instrument" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with instruments for measuring, recording, or controlling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transistorize", + "transistorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip (an electronic circuit or device) with transistors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit with a muzzle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unmuzzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the muzzle from (a dog)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kit out", + "kit up", + "kit" + ], + "it": [ + "attrezzare", + "equipaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with a set of articles or tools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "re-equip", + "rejig" + ], + "it": [ + "riallestire", + "riequipaggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "re-equip a factory or plant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit out again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "armor", + "armour" + ], + "it": [ + "blindare", + "corazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with armor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upholster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide furniture with padding, springs, webbing, and covers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accouter", + "accoutre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with military equipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplement" + ], + "it": [ + "arrotondare", + "integrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add as a supplement to what seems insufficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vitaminize", + "vitaminise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add vitamins as a supplement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eke out", + "fill out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplement what is thought to be deficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrive", + "prosper", + "fly high", + "flourish" + ], + "it": [ + "prosperare", + "fiorire", + "allignare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in the banking business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as the banker in a game or in gambling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do business with a bank or keep an account at a bank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice", + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endure the loss of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign away", + "sign over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "formally assign ownership of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sacrifice" + ], + "it": [ + "svendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell at a loss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "requite", + "repay" + ], + "it": [ + "pagare", + "ripagare", + "risarcire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make repayment for or return something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a compensation for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reward", + "repay", + "pay back" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccambiare", + "premiare", + "ricompensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or give recompense in recognition of someone's behavior or actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plunder", + "despoil", + "loot", + "reave", + "strip", + "rifle", + "ransack", + "pillage", + "foray" + ], + "it": [ + "saccheggiare", + "depredare", + "far man bassa di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "steal goods; take as spoils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sack", + "plunder" + ], + "it": [ + "depredare", + "mettere a ferro e fuoco", + "mettere a sacco", + "razziare", + "saccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "plunder (a town) after capture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loot", + "plunder" + ], + "it": [ + "depredare", + "saccheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take illegally; of intellectual property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimp", + "stint", + "skimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subsist on a meager allowance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare", + "give up", + "part with", + "dispense with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up what is not strictly needed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smuggle" + ], + "it": [ + "contrabbandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "import or export without paying customs duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "import" + ], + "it": [ + "importare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring in from abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "export" + ], + "it": [ + "esportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell or transfer abroad" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adopt", + "borrow", + "take over", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "mutuare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up and practice as one's own" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adopt", + "follow", + "espouse" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire", + "adottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pawn", + "soak", + "hock" + ], + "it": [ + "impegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave as a guarantee in return for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand over something to somebody as for temporary safekeeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consign", + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give over to another for care or safekeeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "consign for shipment on a vehicle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obligate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit in order to fulfill an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit forever; commit irrevocably" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send to an address" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commit", + "institutionalize", + "institutionalise", + "send", + "charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hospitalize", + "hospitalise" + ], + "it": [ + "ospedalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit into a hospital" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrust", + "intrust", + "trust", + "confide", + "commit" + ], + "it": [ + "raccomandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer a trust upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shave", + "knock off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cut the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assure payment of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guarantee payment on; of checks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear the expenses of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor", + "harbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in one's possession; of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rid", + "free", + "disembarrass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relieve from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ], + "it": [ + "purificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "clear from impurities, blemishes, pollution, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinfest" + ], + "it": [ + "disinfestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rid of vermin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disembody" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from a body or physical form or reality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dump", + "underprice" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vendere sottoprezzo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell at artificially low prices" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "price" + ], + "it": [ + "prezzare", + "fissare il prezzo di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the price of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig", + "manipulate" + ], + "it": [ + "manipolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate in a fraudulent manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overprice" + ], + "it": [ + "sovrapprezzare", + "sovraprezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "price excessively high" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undersell", + "undercut" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "vendere a minor prezzo di", + "vendere a prezzi più bassi di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell cheaper than one's competition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underquote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "offer for sale at a price lower than the market price" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mortgage" + ], + "it": [ + "ipotecare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put up as security or collateral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue bonds on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquidate", + "pay off" + ], + "it": [ + "estinguere", + "liquidare", + "saldare", + "tacitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "eliminate by paying off (debts)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay off (a mortgage)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amortize", + "amortise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "liquidate gradually" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cleat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with cleats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate by selling off or disposing of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with coal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corbel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a corbel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cornice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a cornice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get by acting quickly and smartly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitutionalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a constitution, as of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "copper-bottom" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a copper bottom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "curtain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with drapery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confiscate by distress" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distrain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "levy a distress on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with a gate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impulse-buy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "buy on impulse without proper reflection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with an index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint", + "articulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a joint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wire" + ], + "it": [ + "fare l'impianto elettrico di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with electrical circuits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rewire" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "rifare l'impianto elettrico di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with new wiring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give, sell, or transfer to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redispose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay a kickback; make an illegal payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ], + "it": [ + "ricevere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get in addition, as an increase" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have", + "get", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "segnare", + "colpire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve a point or goal" + ], + "it": [ + "negli sport di squadra, realizzare un punto a favore della propria squadra" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply in large amounts or quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of by selling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pump" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply in great quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entrust", + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into the care or protection of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fuel", + "fire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with fuel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show appreciation to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flood", + "oversupply", + "glut" + ], + "it": [ + "inondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with an excess of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throw in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add as an extra or as a gratuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "return" + ], + "it": [ + "contraccambiare", + "corrispondere", + "ricambiare", + "rendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return in kind" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire o fare qualcosa in cambio di quanto si è ricevuto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save", + "economize", + "economise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend sparingly, avoid the waste of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a toggle or toggles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a patch; also used metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "water" + ], + "it": [ + "abbeverare", + "annaffiare", + "innaffiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afford", + "open", + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "afford access to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grab" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain illegally or unscrupulously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver", + "drive home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out or perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "land" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver (a blow)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be given by assignment or distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be given by right or inheritance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call", + "call in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "demand payment of (a loan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have on the surface or on the skin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "acquire as a result of some effort or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver in exchange or recompense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leverage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with leverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leverage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supplement with leverage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bleed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get or extort (money or other possessions) from someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unburden" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free or relieve (someone) of a burden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a tap or spout, so as to be able to draw liquid from it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top", + "top out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a top or finish the top (of a structure)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflectorize", + "reflectorise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with reflectors, such as chemicals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subrogate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "substitute one creditor for another, as in the case where an insurance company sues the person who caused an accident for the insured" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outsource" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obtain goods or services from an outside supplier; to contract work out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retrofit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with parts, devices, or equipment not available or in use at the time of the original manufacture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border", + "edge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a border or edge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "machicolate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with projecting galleries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with sanitary facilities or appliances" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move from one place to another, especially of wild animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer (a chromosomal segment) to a new position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-opt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or assume for one's own use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shaft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "equip with a shaft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with spars" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with staves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place (authority, property, or rights) in the control of a person or group of persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a hat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fee-tail", + "entail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limit the inheritance of property to a specific class of heirs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfeoff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put in possession of land in exchange for a pledge of service, in feudal society" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "theme" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with a particular theme or motive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record, add up, and receive payment for items purchased" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deaerate", + "de-aerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove air or gas from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decaffeinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove caffeine from (coffee)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decarbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove carbon dioxide from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decerebrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the cerebrum from (a human body)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dechlorinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove chlorine from (water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the fat from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defibrinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove fibrin from (blood)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "degrease" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove grease or oil from (a pan)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deionize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove ions from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove (a security) from listing at a stock exchange" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delocalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the proper or usual locality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deoxygenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove oxygen from (water)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "destain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove stain from (a laboratory specimen) to enhance contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desulfurize", + "desulphurize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove sulfur from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "detick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free (a pet) of ticks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devein" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the dark dorsal vein of (a shrimp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fettle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove mold marks or sand from (a casting)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flesh" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove adhering flesh from (hides) when preparing leather manufacture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strip the blubber or skin from (a whale or seal)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a portion of space between (adjacent letters)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with a kern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pith" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the pith from (a plant)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the scum from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbridle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the bridle from (a horse or mule)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend or invest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embattle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fortify by furnishing with battlements for defense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "headquarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with headquarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacate", + "resign", + "renounce", + "give up" + ], + "it": [ + "licenziarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act", + "move" + ], + "it": [ + "agire", + "fare", + "muoversi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfice", + "satisfise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide on and pursue a course of action satisfying the minimum requirements to achieve a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "maneuver", + "manoeuver", + "manoeuvre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in order to achieve a certain goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dispose of rapidly and without delay and efficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "evade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice evasion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "race" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to work as fast as possible towards a goal, sometimes in competition with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "habitually do something (use only in the past tense)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play it by ear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "decide on one's actions as one goes along, depending on the situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome" + ], + "it": [ + "avere un ruolo decisivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take action with respect to (someone or something)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let it go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep to oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shun the company of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep under the rug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to conceal something in the hopes it won't be discovered by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a great effort at a mental or physical task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overexert" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert (oneself) excessively and go beyond one's strength" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "egotrip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in a way that attracts attention" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reciprocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act, feel, or give mutually or in return" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go", + "proceed", + "move" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow a procedure or take a course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture", + "embark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroller", + "steamroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed with great force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assert", + "put forward" + ], + "it": [ + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "insist on having one's opinions and rights recognized" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "nearly do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit by", + "sit back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inactive or indifferent while something is happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whip through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go through very fast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bull", + "bull through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backslap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display excessive cordiality (towards)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make bold", + "dare", + "presume" + ], + "it": [ + "osare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecute", + "engage", + "pursue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commit", + "practice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in or perform" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage at close quarters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "politick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in political activities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "logroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work toward the passage of some legislation by exchanging political favors such as trading votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engage", + "wage" + ], + "it": [ + "impegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put up", + "provide", + "offer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "mount or put up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pursue", + "follow up on", + "act on" + ], + "it": [ + "andare avanti con", + "continuare", + "portare avanti", + "proseguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry further or advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate one's behavior in accordance with certain information, ideas, or advice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run down", + "check out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interact" + ], + "it": [ + "interagire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act together or towards others or with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marginalize", + "marginalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relegate to a lower or outer edge, as of specific groups of people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain way towards others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "combine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join for a common purpose or in a common action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or constitute a cumulative effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie dormant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inactive, as if asleep" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a personal or business relationship with someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "react", + "oppose" + ], + "it": [ + "contrariare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act against or in opposition to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck", + "go against" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backfire", + "backlash", + "recoil" + ], + "it": [ + "avere effetto contrario" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come back to the originator of an action with an undesired effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abdicate", + "renounce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up, such as power, as of monarchs and emperors, or duties and obligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "start", + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "attaccare", + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in pensione" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire", + "withdraw" + ], + "it": [ + "ritirarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw from active participation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (someone) retire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "superannuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retire and pension (someone) because of age or physical inability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pension off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let go from employment with an attractive pension" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bow out", + "withdraw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "retire gracefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chicken out", + "back off", + "pull out", + "back down", + "bow out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove oneself from an obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resile" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull out from an agreement, contract, statement, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accede", + "enter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on duties or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become king or queen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assume", + "adopt", + "take on", + "take over" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take on titles, offices, duties, responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resume" + ], + "it": [ + "riprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "officiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in an official capacity in a ceremony or religious ritual, such as a wedding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave office", + "quit", + "step down", + "resign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up or retire from a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up one's career just as one becomes very successful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "leave school or an educational program prematurely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw from established society, especially because of disillusion with conventional values" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "depart", + "pull up stakes" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take office" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume an office, duty, or title" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "install", + "instal" + ], + "it": [ + "insediare", + "installare", + "istallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into an office or a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induct", + "invest", + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place ceremoniously or formally in an office or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "induct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit as a member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "ask over", + "ask round" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invite someone to one's house" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invite", + "pay for" + ], + "it": [ + "invitare", + "pagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a guest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose office or power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divest", + "disinvest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of status or authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a post; put into a post" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign the roles of (a movie or a play) to actors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordain", + "consecrate", + "ordinate", + "order" + ], + "it": [ + "consacrare", + "ordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appoint to a clerical posts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take orders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ordained; enter the Christian ministry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invest", + "vest", + "enthrone" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with power and authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invest", + "clothe", + "adorn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with power or authority; of kings or emperors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialize", + "socialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train for a social environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prepare", + "groom", + "train" + ], + "it": [ + "addestrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educate for a future role or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educate" + ], + "it": [ + "educare", + "istruire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an education to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-educate", + "coeducate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educate persons of both sexes together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educate in or as if in a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home-school" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "educate (one's children) at home instead of sending (them) to a school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "educate", + "school", + "train", + "cultivate", + "civilize", + "civilise" + ], + "it": [ + "educare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sophisticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less natural or innocent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "socialize", + "socialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take part in social activities; interact with others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get in touch", + "touch base", + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish communication with someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish a rapport or relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "get around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a social swinger; socialize a lot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fraternize", + "fraternise" + ], + "it": [ + "fraternizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on friendly terms with someone, as if with a brother, especially with an enemy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobnob" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rub elbows with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend time in a certain location or with certain people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "initiate", + "induct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept people into an exclusive society or group, usually with some rite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readmit" + ], + "it": [ + "riammettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown", + "coronate" + ], + "it": [ + "incoronare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest with regal power; enthrone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enthrone", + "throne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a monarch on the throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dethrone" + ], + "it": [ + "detronizzare", + "spodestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove a monarch from the throne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unseat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from political office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delegate", + "designate", + "depute", + "assign" + ], + "it": [ + "deputare", + "designare", + "assegnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "devolve" + ], + "it": [ + "demandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass on or delegate to another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "task" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a task to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place somebody in a particular situation or location" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regiment" + ], + "it": [ + "inquadrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a regiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transfer", + "reassign" + ], + "it": [ + "distaccare", + "trasferire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer somebody to a different position or location of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exchange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand over one and receive another, approximately equivalent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "alternate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange people temporarily to fulfill certain jobs and functions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rotate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exchange on a regular basis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appoint someone to (a position or a job)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fill", + "take", + "occupy" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume, as of positions or roles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depute", + "deputize", + "deputise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appoint as a substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "substitute", + "deputize", + "deputise", + "step in" + ], + "it": [ + "fare le veci" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a substitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to take an action to protect against future problems" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help out by taking someone's place and temporarily assuming his responsibilities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delegate", + "depute" + ], + "it": [ + "delegare", + "deputare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "transfer power to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mandate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign under a mandate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaugurate", + "kick off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commence officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dedicate" + ], + "it": [ + "inaugurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open to public use, as of a highway, park, or building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appoint", + "name", + "nominate", + "constitute" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "nominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create and charge with a task or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up a committee or legislative body with one's own supporters so as to influence the outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "name", + "nominate", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "creare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge with a function; charge to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rename" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "name again or anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter on a list or slate for an election" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-opt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appoint summarily or commandeer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give life-time employment to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promote", + "upgrade", + "advance", + "kick upstairs", + "raise", + "elevate" + ], + "it": [ + "promuovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a promotion to or assign to a higher position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote from a lower position or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spot promote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote on the spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ennoble", + "gentle", + "entitle" + ], + "it": [ + "nobilitare", + "conferire un titolo nobiliare a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a title to someone; make someone a member of the nobility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baronetize", + "baronetise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer baronetcy upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lord" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a lord of someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lionize", + "lionise", + "celebrate" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign great social importance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "knight", + "dub" + ], + "it": [ + "fare cavaliere", + "nominare cavaliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise (someone) to knighthood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demote", + "bump", + "relegate", + "break", + "kick downstairs" + ], + "it": [ + "degradare", + "destituire", + "retrocedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to a lower position; reduce in rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sideline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the center of activity or attention; place into an inferior position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reduce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to humbler or weaker state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefer", + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "favorire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prefer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give preference to one creditor over another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "screen out", + "sieve", + "sort" + ], + "it": [ + "esaminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine in order to test suitability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elect in a voting process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elect" + ], + "it": [ + "eleggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "select by a vote for an office or membership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-opt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose or elect as a fellow member or colleague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reelect", + "return" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elect again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "engage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ask to represent; of legal counsel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nominate", + "propose" + ], + "it": [ + "designare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put forward; nominate for appointment to an office or for an honor or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oust", + "throw out", + "drum out", + "boot out", + "kick out", + "expel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a position or office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excommunicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oust or exclude from a group or membership by decree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take time by the forelock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act quickly and decisively; not let slip an opportunity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overthrow", + "subvert", + "overturn", + "bring down" + ], + "it": [ + "abbattere", + "rovesciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause the downfall of; of rulers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolutionize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overthrow by a revolution, of governments" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "displace", + "fire", + "give notice", + "can", + "dismiss", + "give the axe", + "send away", + "sack", + "force out", + "give the sack", + "terminate" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "congedare", + "dimettere", + "dimissionare", + "licenziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "furlough", + "lay off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismiss, usually for economic reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "downsize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dismiss from work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "terminate an association with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remove" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre", + "destituire", + "rimuovere", + "sbalzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a position or an office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to withdraw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winkle out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force from a place or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalid" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to retire, remove from active duty, as of firemen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take out", + "move out", + "remove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to leave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a player out of a game in order to exchange for another player" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depose", + "force out" + ], + "it": [ + "deporre", + "spodestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to leave (an office)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplant", + "replace", + "supersede", + "supervene upon", + "supercede" + ], + "it": [ + "soppiantare", + "sostituire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the place or move into the position of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preempt", + "displace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the place of or have precedence over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "usurp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the place of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove and replace" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succeed", + "come after", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the successor (of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tug", + "labor", + "labour", + "push", + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "penare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strive and make an effort to reach a goal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fight", + "struggle" + ], + "it": [ + "lottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a strenuous or labored effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flounder" + ], + "it": [ + "annaspare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave awkwardly; have difficulties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precede", + "come before" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the predecessor of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work", + "put to work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a driver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdrive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive or work too hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on a rack and pinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpenter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a carpenter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply in a manner consistent with its purpose or design" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overwork", + "exploit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work excessively hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hire", + "engage", + "employ" + ], + "it": [ + "assumere", + "impiegare", + "ingaggiare", + "occupare", + "prendere", + "reclutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage or hire for work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ship" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hire for work on a ship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign", + "contract", + "sign on", + "sign up" + ], + "it": [ + "ingaggiare", + "scritturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage by written agreement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retain", + "continue", + "keep", + "keep on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contract out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a job to someone outside one's own business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work", + "do work" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be employed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tinker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a tinker or tinkerer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do military service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clerk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a clerk, as in the legal business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take off", + "take time off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take time off from work; stop working temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be relieved of one's duties temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take over", + "relieve" + ], + "it": [ + "alleggerire", + "dare il cambio a", + "rilevare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free someone temporarily from his or her obligations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relieve (someone) from work by taking a turn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "page" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a page" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike", + "walk out" + ], + "it": [ + "fare sciopero", + "scioperare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop work in order to press demands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fink", + "scab", + "rat", + "blackleg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the place of work of someone on strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "employ scabs or strike breakers in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wait", + "waitress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a waiter or waitress in a restaurant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "fare", + "essere", + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull one's weight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do one's share in a common task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electioneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work actively for a political candidate or a party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as an assistant in a subordinate or supportive function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beaver", + "beaver away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work hard on something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work at", + "work on" + ], + "it": [ + "lavorare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exert effort in order to do, make, or perform something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belabor", + "belabour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to work at or to absurd length" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "potter", + "putter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "plug away", + "peg away", + "slog", + "keep one's nose to the grindstone", + "keep one's shoulder to the wheel" + ], + "it": [ + "faticare", + "sgobbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work doggedly or persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "busy", + "occupy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep busy with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabble", + "smatter", + "play around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work with in an amateurish manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaborate", + "join forces", + "cooperate", + "get together" + ], + "it": [ + "collaborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work together on a common enterprise of project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collaborate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooperate as a traitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "financier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct financial operations, often in an unethical manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act together, as of organisms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play along", + "go along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cooperate or pretend to cooperate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connive at", + "wink at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give one's silent approval to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "idle", + "laze", + "slug", + "stagnate" + ], + "it": [ + "poltrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be idle; exist in a changeless situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moon", + "moon around", + "moon on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be idle in a listless or dreamy way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride the bench", + "warm the bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be out of the game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "daydream", + "moon" + ], + "it": [ + "arzigogolare", + "fantasticare", + "sognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have dreamlike musings or fantasies while awake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play", + "recreate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ], + "it": [ + "giocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children" + ], + "it": [ + "dedicarsi ad un gioco per divertimento o per passatempo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be engaged in an activity, often for no particular purpose other than pleasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drive without any particular aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk randomly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dabble", + "paddle", + "splash around" + ], + "it": [ + "diguazzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play in or as if in water, as of small children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "labor", + "labour", + "toil", + "fag", + "travail", + "grind", + "drudge", + "dig", + "moil" + ], + "it": [ + "sfaccendare", + "sfacchinare", + "sfaticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "farm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a farmer; work as a farmer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ranch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage or run a ranch" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "moonlight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work a second job, usually after hours" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work occasionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "man" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take charge of a certain job; occupy a certain work place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slave", + "break one's back", + "buckle down", + "knuckle down" + ], + "it": [ + "sfacchinare", + "sfaticare", + "sgobbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work very hard, like a slave" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free", + "liberate", + "release", + "unloose", + "unloosen", + "loose" + ], + "it": [ + "dimettere", + "liberare", + "rilasciare", + "slegare", + "rimettere in libertà" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant freedom to; free from confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release after a security has been paid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set animals loose to graze" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free", + "discharge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from obligations or duties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge from a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear" + ], + "it": [ + "sdoganare", + "svincolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from payment of customs duties, as of a shipment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discharge with dishonor, as in the army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrain", + "keep", + "keep back", + "hold back" + ], + "it": [ + "contenere", + "trattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep under control; keep in check" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "electronics: suppress (sparking) when the current is cut off in an inductive circuit, or suppress (an oscillation or discharge) in a component or device" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let", + "allow", + "permit" + ], + "it": [ + "permettere", + "essere", + "fare", + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to go without comment or censure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give up", + "allow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow the other (baseball) team to score" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibit", + "bottle up", + "suppress" + ], + "it": [ + "frenare", + "reprimere", + "soffocare", + "sopprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control and refrain from showing; of emotions, desires, impulses, or behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check or slow down the action or effect of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repress", + "quash", + "keep down", + "subdue", + "subjugate", + "reduce" + ], + "it": [ + "assoggettare", + "reprimere", + "sottomettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put down by force or intimidation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragoon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subjugate by imposing troops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppress", + "suppress", + "crush" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volunteer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do volunteer work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "volunteer", + "offer" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire", + "offrire spontaneamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "agree freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inaugurate" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "inaugurare", + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open ceremoniously or dedicate formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open" + ], + "it": [ + "iniziare", + "intavolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin or set in action, of meetings, speeches, recitals, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call to order" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "finish or terminate (meetings, speeches, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open", + "open up" + ], + "it": [ + "accendere", + "aprire", + "cominciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start to operate or function or cause to start operating or functioning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close up", + "close", + "fold", + "shut down", + "close down" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease to operate or cause to cease operating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restore", + "reinstate", + "reestablish" + ], + "it": [ + "reintegrare", + "restaurare", + "rintegrare", + "ripristinare", + "ristabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring back into original existence, use, function, or position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "establish", + "set up", + "found", + "launch" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "creare", + "edificare", + "erigere", + "fondare", + "impostare", + "istituire", + "stabilire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set up or found" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abolish", + "get rid of" + ], + "it": [ + "abolire", + "levare", + "sopprimere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cashier" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discard or do away with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest with ministerial or priestly authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ordain", + "enact" + ], + "it": [ + "emanare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order by virtue of superior authority; decree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reenact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enact again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get around to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something despite obstacles such as lack of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adjourn", + "withdraw", + "retire" + ], + "it": [ + "appartarsi", + "sospendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break from a meeting or gathering" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prorogue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjourn by royal prerogative; without dissolving the legislative body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "gather", + "assemble", + "forgather", + "foregather" + ], + "it": [ + "addensarsi", + "adunarsi", + "ammassarsi", + "convenire", + "raccogliersi", + "radunarsi", + "riunirsi", + "confluire", + "congregare", + "raccogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "collect in one place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come and gather for a public event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "caucus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet to select a candidate or promote a policy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call a meeting; invite or command to meet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band oneself", + "league together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach oneself to a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ally" + ], + "it": [ + "alleare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become an ally or associate, as by a treaty or marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a bad alliance; ally inappropriately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disassociate", + "dissociate", + "divorce", + "disunite", + "disjoint" + ], + "it": [ + "separarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "part; cease or break association with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprint", + "form" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish or impress firmly in the mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "militate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have force or influence; bring about an effect or change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "part", + "split up", + "split", + "break", + "break up" + ], + "it": [ + "disgregarsi", + "dividersi", + "lasciarsi", + "separarsi", + "spaccarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discontinue an association or relation; go different ways" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end a relationship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administer", + "administrate" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrare", + "gestire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pontificate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer a pontifical office" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "organize", + "organise" + ], + "it": [ + "organizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "territorialize", + "territorialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize as a territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorganize", + "reorganise", + "shake up" + ], + "it": [ + "riassettare", + "ridimensionare", + "riordinare", + "riorganizzare", + "ristrutturare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reorganize", + "reorganise", + "regroup" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize anew, as after a setback" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retool", + "revise" + ], + "it": [ + "aggiornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revise or reorganize, especially for the purpose of updating and improving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collectivize", + "collectivise" + ], + "it": [ + "collettivizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring under collective control; of farms and industrial enterprises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold one's own" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain one's position and be in control of a situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sovietize", + "sovietise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring under Soviet control, of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unionize", + "unionise", + "organize", + "organise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or join a union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confederate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a confederation with; of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ally with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite formally; of interest groups or countries" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to take one's place in a military formation or line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "join", + "fall in", + "get together" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare", + "unirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become part of; become a member of a group or organization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affiliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join in an affiliation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rejoin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infiltrate", + "penetrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a group or organization in order to spy on the members" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unionize", + "unionise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recruit for a union or organize into a union" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disorganize", + "disorganise" + ], + "it": [ + "disorganizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove the organization from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manage", + "deal", + "care", + "handle" + ], + "it": [ + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in charge of, act on, or dispose of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to operate or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to grips", + "get to grips" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with (a problem or a subject)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispose of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with or settle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dally", + "toy", + "play", + "flirt" + ], + "it": [ + "amoreggiare", + "flirtare", + "gingillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave carelessly or indifferently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take care", + "mind" + ], + "it": [ + "curare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in charge of or deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into common action, movement, or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coordinate" + ], + "it": [ + "coordinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be co-ordinated" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with simultaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with in a routine way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "process fast and efficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismanage", + "mishandle", + "misconduct" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "condurre male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage badly or incompetently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage or run" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stoke" + ], + "it": [ + "attizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stir up or tend; of a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set about", + "go about", + "approach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin to deal with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "direct" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in charge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guide", + "steer" + ], + "it": [ + "avviare", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a guiding or motivating force or drive" + ], + "it": [ + "indirizzare verso un determinato fine, fornendo diritture di comportamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chair", + "chairman" + ], + "it": [ + "presiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or preside as chair, as of an academic department in a university" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "capeggiare", + "comandare", + "essere a capo di", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in charge of" + ], + "it": [ + "stare a capo di un gruppo di persone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "captain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the captain of a sports team" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spearhead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the leader of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take hold", + "take charge", + "take control" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move in on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seize control of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control", + "command" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise authoritative control or power over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "internationalize", + "internationalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put under international control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take and maintain control over, often by violent means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold sway" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be master; reign or rule" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "govern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct or strongly influence the behavior of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monopolize", + "monopolise" + ], + "it": [ + "monopolizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have and control fully and exclusively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harness", + "rein in", + "draw rein", + "rein" + ], + "it": [ + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control and direct with or as if by reins" + ], + "it": [ + "dirigere un animale, ad esempio un cavallo, adoperando le redini" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corner" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain control over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversee", + "supervise", + "superintend", + "manage" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "dirigere", + "sovrintendere", + "supervisionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch and direct" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "build" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order, supervise, or finance the construction of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preside" + ], + "it": [ + "presiedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as president" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "operate", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrare", + "condurre", + "curare", + "dirigere", + "gestire", + "manovrare", + "reggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct or control; projects, businesses, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate in or through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "block" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run on a block system" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "warm up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run until the normal working temperature is reached" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorize payments of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "license", + "licence", + "certify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "authorize officially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decertify", + "derecognize", + "derecognise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be no longer approved or accepted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patent" + ], + "it": [ + "brevettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant rights to; grant a patent for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conduct", + "carry on", + "deal" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct the course of; manage or control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "racketeer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on illegal business activities involving crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be", + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specialize", + "specialise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devote oneself to a special area of work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a veterinarian" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a minister" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intern" + ], + "it": [ + "compiere l'internato" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as an intern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skipper" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as the skipper on a vessel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cox" + ], + "it": [ + "essere al timone di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as the coxswain, in a boat race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boondoggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do useless, wasteful, or trivial work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entitle" + ], + "it": [ + "autorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give the right to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "franchise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a franchise to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a charter to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "certify", + "endorse", + "indorse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "guarantee as meeting a certain standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorporate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a corporation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "organize", + "organise" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "fondare", + "formare", + "organizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create (as an entity)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choose up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form sides, as for a game" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or arrange in order or formation, as of a body of soldiers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regiment" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form (military personnel) into a regiment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "organize into or form a syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "syndicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "join together into a syndicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclude", + "keep out", + "shut out", + "shut" + ], + "it": [ + "escludere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from entering; shut out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lock out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent employees from working during a strike" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit", + "let in", + "include" + ], + "it": [ + "ammettere", + "introdurre", + "includere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow participation in or the right to be part of; permit to exercise the rights, functions, and responsibilities of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "participate", + "take part" + ], + "it": [ + "partecipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partake in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be active in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevent", + "keep" + ], + "it": [ + "prevenire", + "evitare", + "impedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from departing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from coming close" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep the opposing (baseball) team from winning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impede", + "hinder" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a hindrance or obstacle to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhibit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limit, block, or decrease the action or function of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interfere" + ], + "it": [ + "interferire", + "intralciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come between so as to be hindrance or obstacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow down the progress of; hinder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hobble" + ], + "it": [ + "ostacolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hamper the action or progress of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stunt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check the growth or development of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check the growth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent commerce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevent", + "forestall", + "foreclose", + "preclude", + "forbid" + ], + "it": [ + "prevenire", + "evitare", + "impedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep from happening or arising; make impossible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "debar", + "forefend", + "forfend", + "obviate", + "deflect", + "avert", + "head off", + "stave off", + "fend off", + "avoid", + "ward off" + ], + "it": [ + "allontanare", + "evitare", + "prevenire", + "schivare", + "stornare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "privilege", + "favor", + "favour" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare", + "favorire", + "privilegiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow a privilege upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back", + "endorse", + "indorse", + "plump for", + "plunk for", + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare", + "favorire", + "fiancheggiare", + "sostenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be behind; approve of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll", + "canvass", + "canvas" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un sondaggio di", + "sondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get the opinions (of people) by asking specific questions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canvass by using a questionnaire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circularize", + "circularise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "canvass by distributing letters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get the votes of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patrol", + "police" + ], + "it": [ + "pattugliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain the security of by carrying out a patrol" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand guard", + "stand watch", + "keep guard", + "stand sentinel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch over so as to protect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i33999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "watch", + "observe", + "follow", + "watch over", + "keep an eye on" + ], + "it": [ + "badare", + "sorvegliare", + "tener d'occhio", + "vigilare", + "controllare", + "guardare", + "osservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "follow with the eyes or the mind" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare qualcuno o qualcosa con tutta la propria attenzione per salvaguardia o per evitarne la fuga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep tabs on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep a record on or watch attentively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "costudire", + "custodire", + "sorvegliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to keep watch over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby-sit", + "sit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work or act as a baby-sitter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bury", + "entomb", + "inhume", + "inter", + "lay to rest" + ], + "it": [ + "inumare", + "seppellire", + "sotterrare", + "tumulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a grave or tomb" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebury" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bury again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinter", + "exhume" + ], + "it": [ + "diseppellire", + "disseppellire", + "dissotterrare", + "esumare", + "riesumare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dig up for reburial or for medical investigation; of dead bodies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "respect", + "honor", + "honour", + "abide by", + "observe" + ], + "it": [ + "onorare", + "rispettare", + "riverire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show respect towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tolerate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recognize and respect (rights and beliefs of others)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disrespect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show a lack of respect for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mesh" + ], + "it": [ + "accordarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work together in harmony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or establish a relationship to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resume a relationship with someone after an interruption, as in a wife taking back her husband" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get along with", + "get on with", + "get on", + "get along" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have smooth relations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canvass", + "canvas" + ], + "it": [ + "fare propaganda elettorale a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "solicit votes from potential voters in an electoral campaign" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lobby", + "buttonhole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "detain in conversation by or as if by holding on to the outer garments of; as for political or economic favors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house", + "put up", + "domiciliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide housing for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehouse" + ], + "it": [ + "rialloggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put up in a new or different housing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "home" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with, or send to, a home" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kennel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put up in a kennel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stable" + ], + "it": [ + "stallare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shelter in a stable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into, or keep in, a stall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent", + "lease" + ], + "it": [ + "affittare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "let for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy as a tenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rent", + "hire", + "charter", + "lease" + ], + "it": [ + "affittare", + "noleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold under a lease or rental agreement; of goods and services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcontract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work under a subcontract; engage in a subcontract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subcontract", + "farm out", + "job" + ], + "it": [ + "subappaltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arranged for contracted work to be done by others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ], + "it": [ + "votare a favore di", + "votare per", + "votare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express one's preference for a candidate or for a measure or resolution; cast a vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast a vote by inserting a name that does not appear on the ballot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn thumbs down", + "vote down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vote against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into existence or make available by vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express a choice or opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ], + "it": [ + "votare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express one's choice or preference by vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bullet vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vote cumulatively and distribute the votes according to some principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outvote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat by a majority of votes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ballot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vote by ballot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vote in an election at a polling station" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abstain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from voting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avoid" + ], + "it": [ + "astenersi", + "evitare", + "scansare", + "guardarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from doing something" + ], + "it": [ + "cercare di non fare qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fiddle", + "shirk", + "shrink from", + "goldbrick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid (one's assigned duties)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrimshank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "British military language: avoid work" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "malinger", + "skulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid responsibilities and duties, e.g., by pretending to be ill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid responsibilities and work, be idle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn a trick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a customer, of a prostitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare", + "save" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from harming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "favor", + "favour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat gently or carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sign", + "ratify" + ], + "it": [ + "ratificare", + "sottoscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-sign", + "cosign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sign jointly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish the legal validity of (wills and other documents)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boycott" + ], + "it": [ + "boicottare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to sponsor; refuse to do business with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ostracize", + "ostracise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid speaking to or dealing with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dismiss", + "send packing", + "send away", + "drop" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop associating with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "patronize", + "patronise", + "shop", + "shop at", + "buy at", + "frequent", + "sponsor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "filibuster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obstruct deliberately by delaying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legislate", + "pass" + ], + "it": [ + "approvare", + "legiferare", + "varare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make laws, bills, etc. or bring into effect by legislation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberalize", + "liberalise" + ], + "it": [ + "liberalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make liberal or more liberal, of laws and rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberalize", + "liberalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become more liberal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decontrol" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relax or remove controls of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gerrymander" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide unfairly and to one's advantage; of voting districts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divide", + "split", + "split up", + "separate", + "dissever", + "carve up" + ], + "it": [ + "disgregare", + "distinguere", + "dividere", + "frazionare", + "smembrare", + "spaccare", + "staccare", + "suddividere", + "tagliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate into parts or portions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sectionalize", + "sectionalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into sections, especially into geographic sections" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hive off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from a group and make separate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "triangulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into triangles or give a triangular form to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unitize", + "unitise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide (bulk material) and process as units" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into lots, as of land, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parcel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into parts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sliver", + "splinter" + ], + "it": [ + "scheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into slivers or splinters" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "paragraph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into paragraphs, as of text" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "canton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide into cantons, of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "Balkanize", + "Balkanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide a territory into small, hostile states" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unite", + "unify" + ], + "it": [ + "fondersi", + "unificare", + "unirsi", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consociate", + "associate" + ], + "it": [ + "associare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring or come into association or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or act in association with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "band together", + "confederate" + ], + "it": [ + "intrupparsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a group or unite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reunify", + "reunite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unify again, as of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enroll to vote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matriculate" + ], + "it": [ + "immatricolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enroll as a student" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enroll", + "inscribe", + "enter", + "enrol", + "recruit" + ], + "it": [ + "iscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register formally as a participant or member" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "register" + ], + "it": [ + "immatricolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-file", + "register" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have one's name listed as a candidate for several parties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "list" + ], + "it": [ + "elencare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include in a list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inventory", + "take stock", + "stock-take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make or include in an itemized record or report" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empanel", + "impanel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a list of prospective jurors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "list in an index" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross-index" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an index that refers from one point to the next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blacklist" + ], + "it": [ + "mettere sulla lista nera" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on a blacklist so as to banish or cause to be boycotted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "post" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter on a public list" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "veto", + "blackball", + "negative" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vote against; refuse to endorse; refuse to assent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill", + "shoot down", + "defeat", + "vote down", + "vote out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thwart the passage of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be guided by in voting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "empower", + "authorise", + "authorize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give or delegate power or authority to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endow", + "indue", + "gift", + "empower", + "invest", + "endue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give qualities or abilities to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest with a large or excessive amount of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "administer the rite of confirmation to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "covenant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into a covenant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bar mitzvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confirm in the bar mitzvah ceremony, of boys in the Jewish faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bat mitzvah" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confirm in the bat mitzvah ceremony, of girls in the Jewish faith" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "charge with a task" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into commission; equip for service; of ships" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accredit", + "recognize", + "recognise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant credentials to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accredit" + ], + "it": [ + "accreditare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide or send (envoys or embassadors) with official credentials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appoint", + "charge" + ], + "it": [ + "nominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign a duty, responsibility or obligation to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "create" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest with a new title, office, or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confirm" + ], + "it": [ + "confermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support a person for a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defrock", + "unfrock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divest of the frock; of church officials" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disenfranchise", + "disfranchise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "privare del diritto di voto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of voting rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfranchise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "concedere il diritto di voto a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant voting rights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "affranchise", + "enfranchise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant freedom to; as from slavery or servitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancel", + "strike down" + ], + "it": [ + "annullare", + "cancellare", + "disdire", + "scombinare", + "scombussolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare null and void; make ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "write off" + ], + "it": [ + "stralciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cancel (a debt)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancel", + "call off", + "scratch", + "scrub" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invalidate", + "annul", + "quash", + "void", + "avoid", + "nullify" + ], + "it": [ + "annullare", + "risolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare invalid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "spezzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invalidate by judicial action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abrogate" + ], + "it": [ + "abolire", + "abrogare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revoke formally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "validate", + "formalize", + "formalise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare or make legally valid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "formalize", + "formalise" + ], + "it": [ + "formalizzare", + "ufficializzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make formal or official" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sanction" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give authority or permission to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue", + "supply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulate or distribute or equip with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reissue" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue (a new version of)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distribute by a network, as of water or electricity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute" + ], + "it": [ + "distribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make available" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make unavailable; bar from sale or distribution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw from circulation or from the market, as of bills, shares, and bonds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disbar" + ], + "it": [ + "radiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from the bar; expel from the practice of law by official action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "commission" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place an order for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlaw", + "criminalize", + "criminalise", + "illegalize", + "illegalise" + ], + "it": [ + "criminalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare illegal; outlaw" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "monetize", + "monetise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give legal value to or establish as the legal tender of a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "legalize", + "legalise", + "decriminalize", + "decriminalise", + "legitimize", + "legitimise", + "legitimate", + "legitimatize", + "legitimatise" + ], + "it": [ + "legalizzare", + "legittimare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make legal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow without fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desegregate", + "integrate", + "mix" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "open (a place) to members of all races and ethnic groups" + ], + "it": [ + "operare l'integrazione razziale in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "segregate" + ], + "it": [ + "segregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "separate by race or religion; practice a policy of racial segregation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "murder", + "slay", + "hit", + "dispatch", + "bump off", + "off", + "polish off", + "remove" + ], + "it": [ + "ammazzare", + "assassinare", + "uccidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill intentionally and with premeditation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder without leaving a trace on the body" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take out of a game; of players" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assassinate" + ], + "it": [ + "assassinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder; especially of socially prominent persons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execute", + "put to death" + ], + "it": [ + "giustiziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill as a means of socially sanctioned punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw", + "quarter", + "draw and quarter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pull (a person) apart with four horses tied to his extremities, so as to execute him" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillory" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish by putting in a pillory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pillory", + "gibbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to ridicule or public scorn" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crucify" + ], + "it": [ + "crocefiggere", + "crocifiggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by nailing onto a cross" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "murder in a planned fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lynch" + ], + "it": [ + "linciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill without legal sanction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot", + "pip" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by firing a missile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flight" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot a bird in flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shoot one by one" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocute", + "fry" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by electrocution, as in the electric chair" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "electrocute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by electric shock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn at the stake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang", + "string up" + ], + "it": [ + "impiccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kill by hanging" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "halter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang with a halter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gibbet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang on an execution instrument" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go on a date with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double-date" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go out on a date with a partner and another couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go steady", + "go out", + "date", + "see" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "date regularly; have a steady relationship with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pick up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet someone for sexual purposes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ask out", + "invite out", + "take out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reunite" + ], + "it": [ + "ricongiungersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a reunion; unite again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "get together" + ], + "it": [ + "riunirsi", + "trovarsi", + "incontrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get together socially or for a specific purpose" + ], + "it": [ + "avere incontri e trascorrere tempo insieme" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rendezvous" + ], + "it": [ + "incontrarsi", + "radunarsi", + "riunirsi", + "trovarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet at a rendezvous" + ], + "it": [ + "giungere al luogo stabilito di un appuntamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick together", + "stay together" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be loyal to one another, especially in times of trouble" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit", + "call in", + "call" + ], + "it": [ + "visitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay a brief visit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a stop in a harbour" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give one's name or calling card to a servant when making a formal visit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "consultare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to see for professional or business reasons" + ], + "it": [ + "appellarsi all'intervento o alle competenze di un professionista" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere", + "andare a trovare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to see for a social visit" + ], + "it": [ + "incontrare volutamente" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop by", + "drop in", + "come by" + ], + "it": [ + "passare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visit informally and spontaneously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marry", + "get married", + "wed", + "conjoin", + "hook up with", + "get hitched with", + "espouse" + ], + "it": [ + "accasarsi", + "ammogliarsi", + "sistemarsi", + "sposare", + "sposarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inmarry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry within one's own tribe or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mismarry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry an unsuitable partner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "marry", + "wed", + "tie", + "splice" + ], + "it": [ + "sposare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a marriage ceremony" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solemnize", + "solemnise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform (the wedding ceremony) with proper ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry a woman, take a wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take (someone) as a wife" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intermarry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry within the same ethnic, social, or family group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remarry" + ], + "it": [ + "risposare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry, not for the first time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pair", + "pair off", + "partner off", + "couple" + ], + "it": [ + "accoppiarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a pair or pairs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divorce", + "split up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get a divorce; formally terminate a marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "celebrate", + "fete" + ], + "it": [ + "festeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a celebration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jubilate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrate a jubilee" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revel", + "racket", + "make whoopie", + "make merry", + "make happy", + "whoop it up", + "jollify", + "wassail" + ], + "it": [ + "fare baldoria" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "celebrate noisily, often indulging in drinking; engage in uproarious festivities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "party" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or participate in a party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participate in an all-night techno dance party" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entertain" + ], + "it": [ + "intrattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide entertainment for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amuse", + "divert", + "disport" + ], + "it": [ + "appagare", + "dilettare", + "distrarre", + "divertire", + "ricreare", + "svagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy in an agreeable, entertaining or pleasant fashion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "visit for entertainment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slum" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend time at a lower socio-economic level than one's own, motivated by curiosity or desire for adventure; usage considered condescending and insensitive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "vedere", + "visitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go to see a place, as for entertainment" + ], + "it": [ + "recarsi a guardare di persona una attrazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carouse", + "roister", + "riot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in boisterous, drunken merrymaking" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "receive" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or give a reception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ban", + "censor" + ], + "it": [ + "censurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embargo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ban the publication of (documents), as for security or copyright reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "free", + "release" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make (information) available for publication" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bail out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free on bail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprison", + "incarcerate", + "lag", + "immure", + "put behind bars", + "jail", + "jug", + "gaol", + "put away", + "remand" + ], + "it": [ + "carcerare", + "imprigionare", + "incarcerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lock up or confine, in or as in a jail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "raid", + "bust" + ], + "it": [ + "fare un'incursione in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search without warning, make a sudden surprise attack on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confine", + "detain" + ], + "it": [ + "trattenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of freedom; take into confinement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of freedom" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "order a defendant to be placed in custody pending the outcome of a proceedings against him or her" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imprison" + ], + "it": [ + "imprigionare", + "incarcerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine as if in a prison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cage", + "cage in" + ], + "it": [ + "imprigionare", + "ingabbiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confine in a cage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trap", + "pin down" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare", + "imprigionare", + "intrappolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a confining or embarrassing position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stay indoors" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manumit", + "emancipate" + ], + "it": [ + "emancipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from slavery or servitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enslave" + ], + "it": [ + "asservire", + "assoggettare", + "schiavizzare", + "sottomettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a slave of; bring into servitude" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subjugate", + "subject" + ], + "it": [ + "asservire", + "assoggettare", + "soggiogare", + "sottomettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make subservient; force to submit or subdue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liberate", + "set free" + ], + "it": [ + "affrancare", + "liberare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant freedom to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emancipate", + "liberate" + ], + "it": [ + "emancipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give equal rights to; of women and minorities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a court case to a higher court for review" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appeal" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "challenge (a decision)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arraign" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call before a court to answer an indictment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "incriminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "record a charge in a police register" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reserve", + "hold", + "book" + ], + "it": [ + "fissare", + "prenotare", + "riserbare", + "riservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ticket", + "fine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue a ticket or a fine to as a penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amerce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish by a fine imposed arbitrarily by the discretion of the court" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court-martial" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to trial by court-martial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expatriate", + "deport", + "exile" + ], + "it": [ + "bandire", + "esiliare", + "proscrivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel from a country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "punish", + "penalize", + "penalise" + ], + "it": [ + "punire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "castigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inflict severe punishment on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amerce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish with an arbitrary penalty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive punishment; be scolded or reprimanded" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimize", + "victimise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish unjustly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scourge" + ], + "it": [ + "castigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish severely; excoriate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hear", + "try" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "examine or hear (evidence or a case) by judicial process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehear", + "retry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hear or try a court case anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "judge", + "adjudicate", + "try" + ], + "it": [ + "giudicare", + "iudicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expel", + "throw out", + "kick out" + ], + "it": [ + "radiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force to leave or move out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspend", + "debar" + ], + "it": [ + "sospendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bar temporarily; from school, office, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "send down", + "rusticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suspend temporarily from college or university, in England" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repatriate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit back into the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit", + "allow in", + "let in", + "intromit" + ], + "it": [ + "ammettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow to enter; grant entry to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reject", + "turn down", + "turn away", + "refuse" + ], + "it": [ + "respingere", + "scartare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse entrance or membership" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "readmit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit anew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extradite", + "deliver", + "deport" + ], + "it": [ + "estradare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hand over to the authorities of another country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repatriate" + ], + "it": [ + "rimpatriare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send someone back to his homeland against his will, as of refugees" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banish", + "relegate", + "bar" + ], + "it": [ + "relegare", + "rilegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel, as if by official decree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banish", + "ban", + "ostracize", + "ostracise", + "shun", + "cast out", + "blackball" + ], + "it": [ + "bandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expel from a community or group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "banish", + "ban" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ban from a place of residence, as for punishment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send to the country" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coerce", + "hale", + "squeeze", + "pressure", + "force" + ], + "it": [ + "sforzare", + "costringere", + "forzare", + "obbligare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn up the heat", + "turn up the pressure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply great or increased pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive" + ], + "it": [ + "animare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to compel or force or urge relentlessly or exert coercive pressure on, or motivate strongly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bludgeon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome or coerce as if by using a heavy club" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steamroller", + "steamroll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring to a specified state by overwhelming force or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squeeze for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "squeeze someone for money, information, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dragoon", + "sandbag", + "railroad" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel by coercion, threats, or crude means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "terrorize", + "terrorise" + ], + "it": [ + "terrorizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coerce by violence or with threats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compel", + "oblige", + "obligate" + ], + "it": [ + "obbligare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force somebody to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clamor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel someone to do something by insistent clamoring" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condemn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel or force into a particular state or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to undertake a certain action, usually used in the negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble oneself", + "trouble", + "bother", + "inconvenience oneself" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbarsi", + "incomodarsi", + "prendersi il disturbo", + "preoccuparsi", + "scomodarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the trouble to do something; concern oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trouble", + "put out", + "inconvenience", + "disoblige", + "discommode", + "incommode", + "bother" + ], + "it": [ + "disturbare", + "importunare", + "incomodare", + "infastidire", + "molestare", + "scocciare", + "scomodare", + "seccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cause inconvenience or discomfort to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shame" + ], + "it": [ + "sbugiardare", + "svergognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel through a sense of shame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stigmatize", + "stigmatise", + "brand", + "denounce", + "mark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to accuse or condemn or openly or formally or brand as disgraceful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brand" + ], + "it": [ + "marcare", + "marchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn with a branding iron to indicate ownership; of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "classify" + ], + "it": [ + "dichiarare segreto" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare unavailable, as for security reasons" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taboo" + ], + "it": [ + "tabuizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "declare as sacred and forbidden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "declassify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift the restriction on and make available again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restrict" + ], + "it": [ + "contenere", + "misurare", + "limitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place under restrictions; limit access to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "train" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to grow in a certain way by tying and pruning it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trellis" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "train on a trellis, as of a vine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scant", + "skimp" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "limit in quality or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "localize", + "localise" + ], + "it": [ + "localizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restrict something to a particular area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derestrict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make free from restrictions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull the plug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from happening or continuing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control", + "hold in", + "hold", + "contain", + "check", + "curb", + "moderate" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "imbrigliare", + "regolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check oneself during an action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "moderate or restrain; lessen the force of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indulge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give free rein to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thermostat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control the temperature with a thermostat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "regulate", + "regularize", + "regularise", + "order", + "govern" + ], + "it": [ + "decretare", + "regolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deregulate" + ], + "it": [ + "deregolamentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lift the regulations on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "zone", + "district" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "regulate housing in; of certain areas of towns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discriminate", + "separate", + "single out" + ], + "it": [ + "discriminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat differently on the basis of sex or race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redline" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "discriminate in selling or renting housing in certain areas of a neighborhood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "divide society into social classes or castes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stratify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop different social levels, classes, or castes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "advantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give an advantage to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disadvantage", + "disfavor", + "disfavour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put at a disadvantage; hinder, harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prejudice" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "disadvantage by prejudice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggrieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "infringe on the rights of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat unjustly; do wrong to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "treat", + "handle", + "do by" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere", + "trattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interact in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "handle with kid gloves" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle with great care and sensitivity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall all over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "display excessive love or show excessive gratitude towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "criminalize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat as a criminal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat carefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strong-arm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "handle roughly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride roughshod", + "run roughshod" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat inconsiderately or harshly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "upstage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat snobbishly, put in one's place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rough-house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat in a rough or boisterous manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brutalize", + "brutalise" + ], + "it": [ + "brutalizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat brutally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do well by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with respect and consideration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gloss over", + "skate over", + "smooth over", + "slur over", + "skimp over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat hurriedly or avoid dealing with properly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skimp", + "scant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work hastily or carelessly; deal with inadequately and superficially" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mistreat", + "maltreat", + "abuse", + "ill-use", + "step", + "ill-treat" + ], + "it": [ + "bistrattare", + "maltrattare", + "tartassare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat badly; abuse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sandbag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat harshly or unfairly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misbehave", + "misconduct", + "misdemean" + ], + "it": [ + "comportarsi male" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall from grace" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "revert back to bad behavior after a period of good behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act up", + "carry on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "misbehave badly; act in a silly or improper way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescend", + "stoop", + "lower oneself" + ], + "it": [ + "abbassarsi", + "scendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "debase oneself morally, act in an undignified, unworthy, or dishonorable way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hugger mugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act stealthily or secretively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behave", + "acquit", + "bear", + "deport", + "conduct", + "comport", + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain manner or have certain properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "walk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live or behave in a specified manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sauce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave saucily or impudently towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assert oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put oneself forward in an assertive and insistent manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pose", + "posture" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave affectedly or unnaturally in order to impress others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attitudinize", + "attitudinise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assume certain affected attitudes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behave", + "comport" + ], + "it": [ + "comportarsi", + "condursi", + "regolarsi", + "comportarsi bene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave well or properly" + ], + "it": [ + "comportarsi in modo corretto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "footle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act foolishly, as by talking nonsense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "right", + "compensate", + "redress", + "correct" + ], + "it": [ + "rimediare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make reparations or amends for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "over-correct", + "overcompensate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make excessive corrections for fear of making an error" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expiate", + "aby", + "abye", + "atone" + ], + "it": [ + "espiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make amends for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make up", + "catch up with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up work that was missed due to absence at a later point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "control", + "verify" + ], + "it": [ + "accertare", + "controllare", + "verificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indict" + ], + "it": [ + "incriminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accuse formally of a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protest", + "resist", + "dissent" + ], + "it": [ + "protestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "express opposition through action or words" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "demonstrate", + "march" + ], + "it": [ + "sfilare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "march in protest; take part in a demonstration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "picket" + ], + "it": [ + "picchettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as pickets or post pickets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall short in what is expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeze through", + "ace", + "pass with flying colors", + "sweep through", + "sail through", + "nail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed at easily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pull off", + "negociate", + "bring off", + "carry off", + "manage" + ], + "it": [ + "riuscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be successful; achieve a goal" + ], + "it": [ + "essere capace di fare qualcosa o averne la possibilità (anche con una proposizione come soggetto)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do", + "manage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "clear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go unchallenged; be approved" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "flunk", + "bomb", + "flush it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to get a passing grade" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail" + ], + "it": [ + "bocciare", + "respingere", + "stangare", + "trombare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "judge unacceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept or judge as acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succeed", + "win", + "come through", + "bring home the bacon", + "deliver the goods" + ], + "it": [ + "riuscire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attain success or reach a desired goal" + ], + "it": [ + "avere buoni risultati" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luck out", + "hit the jackpot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed by luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nail down", + "nail", + "peg" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in obtaining a position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pass", + "make it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go successfully through a test or a selection process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make without a miss" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work", + "act" + ], + "it": [ + "funzionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overreach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail by aiming too high or trying too hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pan out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a success" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "achieve", + "accomplish", + "attain", + "reach" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere", + "concretare", + "conquistare", + "conseguire", + "ottenere", + "raggiungere", + "realizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to gain with effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve or accomplish in the least degree, usually used in the negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to", + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "culminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach the highest or most decisive point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring about; accomplish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve or reach on average" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wangle", + "finagle", + "manage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "botch", + "bodge", + "bumble", + "fumble", + "botch up", + "muff", + "blow", + "flub", + "screw up", + "ball up", + "spoil", + "muck up", + "bungle", + "fluff", + "bollix", + "bollix up", + "bollocks", + "bollocks up", + "bobble", + "mishandle", + "louse up", + "foul up", + "mess up", + "fuck up" + ], + "it": [ + "abborracciare", + "acciabattare", + "acciarpare", + "arronzare", + "impasticciare", + "pasticciare", + "rovinare", + "fare un pasticcio di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a mess of, destroy or ruin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "go wrong", + "miscarry" + ], + "it": [ + "abortire", + "fallire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unsuccessful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "strike out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unsuccessful in an endeavor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer defeat, failure, or ruin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffer failure, as in some enterprise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail", + "neglect" + ], + "it": [ + "trascurare", + "mancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to do something; leave something undone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "choke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to perform adequately due to tension or agitation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "muff" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to catch, as of a ball" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall through", + "fall flat", + "founder", + "flop" + ], + "it": [ + "naufragare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail utterly; collapse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "try", + "seek", + "attempt", + "essay", + "assay" + ], + "it": [ + "esperimentare", + "provare", + "sperimentare", + "cercare", + "tentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an effort or attempt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have a go", + "give it a try" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an attempt at something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grope" + ], + "it": [ + "brancolare", + "cercare a tastoni", + "cercare a tentoni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "search blindly or uncertainly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take pains", + "be at pains" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try very hard to do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endeavor", + "endeavour", + "strive" + ], + "it": [ + "sforzarsi", + "vedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attempt by employing effort" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegare le proprie energie per il raggiungimento di un fine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buck" + ], + "it": [ + "battersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to strive with determination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test", + "prove", + "try", + "try out", + "examine", + "essay" + ], + "it": [ + "collaudare", + "esperimentare", + "provare", + "sperimentare", + "testare", + "analizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "float" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "circulate or discuss tentatively; test the waters with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "field-test" + ], + "it": [ + "testare sul campo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test something under the conditions under which it will actually be used" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give it a whirl", + "give it a try" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experiment" + ], + "it": [ + "sperimentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to conduct a test or investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "experiment", + "try out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try something new, as in order to gain experience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "screen", + "test" + ], + "it": [ + "analizzare", + "esaminare", + "fare le analisi di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make an examination or investigation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercheck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "check a second time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathalyze", + "breathalyse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "test someone's alcohol level in his blood by means of a breathalyzer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democratize", + "democratise" + ], + "it": [ + "democratizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce democratic reforms; of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "democratize", + "democratise" + ], + "it": [ + "democratizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become (more) democratic; of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waive", + "relinquish", + "forgo", + "forego", + "foreswear", + "dispense with" + ], + "it": [ + "bandire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do without or cease to hold or adhere to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispense" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant a dispensation; grant an exemption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woo", + "court", + "romance", + "solicit" + ], + "it": [ + "corteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make amorous advances towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "court" + ], + "it": [ + "corteggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in social activities leading to marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "woo", + "court" + ], + "it": [ + "corteggiare", + "cercare di conquistare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek someone's favor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chase", + "chase after" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue someone sexually or romantically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "display" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take the stage", + "take stage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract attention onto oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "secede", + "splinter", + "break away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "withdraw from an organization or communion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break", + "break away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt a continued activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neutralize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make politically neutral and thus inoffensive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-opt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "neutralize or win over through assimilation into an established group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "manipulate", + "pull strings", + "pull wires" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence or control shrewdly or deviously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "influence", + "act upon", + "work" + ], + "it": [ + "condizionare", + "influenzare", + "influire", + "suggestionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have and exert influence or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "color", + "colour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "modify or bias" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing", + "swing over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence decisively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "betray", + "sell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deliver to an enemy by treachery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be deceived, duped, or entrapped by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "double cross" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "betray by double-dealing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assign to (a job or a home)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bind", + "tie", + "attach", + "bond" + ], + "it": [ + "legare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "create social or emotional ties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fixate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attach (oneself) to a person or thing in a neurotic way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "uproot", + "deracinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move (people) forcibly from their homeland into a new and foreign environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervene", + "step in", + "interfere", + "interpose" + ], + "it": [ + "interporsi", + "intervenire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get involved, so as to alter or hinder an action, or through force or threat of force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meddle", + "tamper" + ], + "it": [ + "immischiarsi", + "impicciarsi", + "intromettersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intrude in other people's affairs or business; interfere unwantedly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominate", + "master" + ], + "it": [ + "comandare", + "controllare", + "domare", + "dominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have dominance or the power to defeat over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertake", + "take in charge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as a charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rear", + "raise", + "bring up", + "nurture", + "parent" + ], + "it": [ + "allevare", + "crescere", + "educare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fledge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feed, care for, and rear young birds for flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cradle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring up from infancy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "grow up" + ], + "it": [ + "crescere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become an adult" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come of age" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach a certain age that marks a transition to maturity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring up under fosterage; of children" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "attend to", + "wait on", + "attend", + "assist" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work for or be a servant to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "valet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a personal attendant to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "service", + "serve" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be used by; as of a utility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a delegate or spokesperson for; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "rappresentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be representative or typical for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "speak for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a spokesperson for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "comply", + "follow", + "abide by" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere", + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "toe the line" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do what is expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obey" + ], + "it": [ + "obbedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be obedient to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take orders" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "receive and be expected to follow directions or commands" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disobey" + ], + "it": [ + "disobbedire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to go along with; refuse to follow; be disobedient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "participate in an act of civil disobedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sabotage", + "undermine", + "countermine", + "counteract", + "subvert", + "weaken" + ], + "it": [ + "boicottare", + "minare", + "sabotare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy property or hinder normal operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counteract", + "countervail", + "neutralize", + "counterbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "equilibrare", + "neutralizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary actions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "override" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "counteract the normal operation of (an automatic gear shift in a vehicle)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gamble", + "chance", + "risk", + "hazard", + "take chances", + "adventure", + "run a risk", + "take a chance" + ], + "it": [ + "avventurare", + "rischiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go for broke" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "risk everything in one big effort" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luck it", + "luck through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act by relying on one's luck" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be courageous enough to try or do something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "venture", + "hazard", + "adventure", + "stake", + "jeopardize" + ], + "it": [ + "avventurare", + "compromettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put at risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "risk", + "put on the line", + "lay on the line" + ], + "it": [ + "rischiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "expose to a chance of loss or damage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bell the cat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take a risk; perform a daring act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honor", + "honour", + "reward" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bestow honor or rewards upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognize", + "recognise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show approval or appreciation of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in the church calendar as a red-letter day honoring a saint" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ennoble", + "dignify" + ], + "it": [ + "nobilitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "confer dignity or honor upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decorate" + ], + "it": [ + "decorare", + "insignire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "award a mark of honor, such as a medal, to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dishonor", + "disgrace", + "dishonour", + "attaint", + "shame" + ], + "it": [ + "disonorare", + "infamare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring shame or dishonor upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help", + "assist", + "aid" + ], + "it": [ + "aiutare", + "assistere", + "soccorrere", + "sovvenire", + "sussidiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give help or assistance; be of service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "benefact" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help as a benefactor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be of help, as in a particular situation of need" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be helpful or useful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succor", + "succour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help in a difficult situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "expedite", + "hasten" + ], + "it": [ + "sveltire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "speed up the progress of; facilitate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "avail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be of use to, be useful to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "assist or encourage, usually in some wrongdoing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "minister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend to the wants and needs of others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attend", + "take care", + "look", + "see" + ], + "it": [ + "guardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take charge of or deal with" + ], + "it": [ + "impegnarsi affinché qualcosa avvenga o non avvenga" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have care of or look after" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tend as a shepherd, as of sheep or goats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shepherd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch over like a shepherd, as a teacher of her pupils" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "care", + "give care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide care for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mother", + "fuss", + "overprotect" + ], + "it": [ + "fare da madre a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "care for like a mother" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nurse" + ], + "it": [ + "assistere", + "soccorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a nurse; care for sick or handicapped people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "salvage", + "salve", + "relieve", + "save" + ], + "it": [ + "salvare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "save from ruin, destruction, or harm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rescue", + "deliver" + ], + "it": [ + "salvare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from harm or evil" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "relieve temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redeem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore the honor or worth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deliver", + "redeem", + "save" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "save from sins" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "save", + "carry through", + "pull through", + "bring through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into safety" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bootstrap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help oneself, often through improvised means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitate" + ], + "it": [ + "riabilitare", + "ricuperare", + "rieducare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "help to readapt, as to a former state of health or good repute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "restore", + "reconstruct" + ], + "it": [ + "ripristinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "return to its original or usable and functioning condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore to a state of good condition or operation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defibrillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop the fibrillation and restore normal contractions, usually by means of electric shocks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reinstate" + ], + "it": [ + "reintegrare", + "rintegrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "restore to the previous state or rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline", + "correct", + "sort out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "punish in order to gain control or enforce obedience" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discipline", + "train", + "check", + "condition" + ], + "it": [ + "disciplinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop (children's) behavior by instruction and practice; especially to teach self-control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prostitute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sell one's body; exchange sex for money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "street-walk", + "streetwalk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "walk the streets in search of customers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foster", + "further" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote the growth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incite or stimulate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brevet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote somebody by brevet, in the military" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promote", + "advance", + "boost", + "further", + "encourage" + ], + "it": [ + "caldeggiare", + "favorire", + "promuovere", + "incoraggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contribute to the progress or growth of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contribute to the furtherance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take further or advance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feed" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support or promote" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contribute", + "lead", + "conduce" + ], + "it": [ + "contribuire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be conducive to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "support", + "back up" + ], + "it": [ + "affiancare", + "aiutare", + "appoggiare", + "fiancheggiare", + "sostenere", + "spalleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give moral or psychological support, aid, or courage to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensate for a weaker partner or member by one's own performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undergird" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lend moral support to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "second", + "back", + "endorse", + "indorse" + ], + "it": [ + "appoggiare", + "fiancheggiare", + "sostenere", + "spalleggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give support or one's approval to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obstruct", + "blockade", + "block", + "hinder", + "stymie", + "stymy", + "embarrass" + ], + "it": [ + "bloccare", + "ostacolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "block or impede (a player from the opposing team) in ice hockey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent from reaching a verdict, of a jury" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bottleneck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "slow down or impede by creating an obstruction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand in the way of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thwart", + "queer", + "spoil", + "scotch", + "foil", + "cross", + "frustrate", + "baffle", + "bilk" + ], + "it": [ + "castrare", + "frustrare", + "contrariare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or break" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-circuit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hamper the progress of; impede" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ruin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "destroy or cause to fail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause the ruin or downfall of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "guastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause the failure or ruin of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shipwreck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ruin utterly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stop", + "halt", + "block", + "kibosh" + ], + "it": [ + "arrestare", + "fermare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop from happening or developing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop a judicial process" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enforce", + "implement", + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ensure observance of laws and rules" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enforce", + "impose" + ], + "it": [ + "imporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compel to behave in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make", + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "fare", + "prendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "effect" + ], + "it": [ + "attuare", + "effettuare", + "eseguire", + "esplicare", + "operare", + "realizzare", + "svolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act so as to bring into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bring to bear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into operation or effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend to a certain degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice", + "apply", + "use" + ], + "it": [ + "impiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avail oneself to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adhere to or practice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "backdate" + ], + "it": [ + "retrodatare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make effective from an earlier date" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do", + "perform" + ], + "it": [ + "esplicare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get (something) done" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overachieve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform better or achieve a greater degree of success than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accomplish by rotating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underachieve", + "underperform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform less well or with less success than expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit or utter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misdo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do wrongly or improperly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go all out", + "give one's best", + "do one's best", + "give full measure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform a task as well as possible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "execute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "step" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause (a computer) to execute a single command" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dispatch", + "discharge", + "complete" + ], + "it": [ + "assolvere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "complete or carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "execute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out the legalities of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "execute and deliver" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exempt", + "relieve", + "free" + ], + "it": [ + "esentare", + "esonerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant relief or an exemption from a rule or requirement to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forgive" + ], + "it": [ + "abbonare", + "condonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "absolve from payment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "throne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit on the throne as a ruler" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spare" + ], + "it": [ + "risparmiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "save or relieve from an experience or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "antagonize", + "antagonise", + "counteract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in opposition to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "countercheck", + "counteract" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oppose or check by a counteraction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "purge" + ], + "it": [ + "epurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "oust politically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rehabilitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reinstall politically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "anticipate", + "foresee", + "forestall", + "counter" + ], + "it": [ + "anticipare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in advance of; deal with ahead of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sin", + "transgress", + "trespass" + ], + "it": [ + "peccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit a sin; violate a law of God or a moral law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield to temptation or sin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose one's chastity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drop the ball", + "sin", + "blunder", + "boob", + "goof" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit a faux pas or a fault or make a serious mistake" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgress", + "offend", + "infract", + "violate", + "go against", + "breach", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "infrangere", + "offendere", + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict", + "run afoul", + "infringe", + "contravene" + ], + "it": [ + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go against, as of rules and laws" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break the law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rape", + "ravish", + "violate", + "assault", + "dishonor", + "dishonour", + "outrage" + ], + "it": [ + "marocchinare", + "stuprare", + "violare", + "violentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force (someone) to have sex against their will" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gang-rape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rape (someone) successively with several attackers" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "desecrate", + "profane", + "outrage", + "violate" + ], + "it": [ + "profanare", + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "violate the sacred character of a place or language" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodomize", + "sodomise", + "bugger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice anal sex upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sodomize", + "sodomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "copulate with an animal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "practice", + "practise", + "exercise", + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "esercitare", + "praticare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shamanize", + "shamanise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "practice shamanism" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overdo", + "exaggerate" + ], + "it": [ + "esagerare", + "strafare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something to an excessive degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oversimplify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "simplify to an excessive degree" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overleap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "defeat (oneself) by going too far" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "molest" + ], + "it": [ + "importunare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harass or assault sexually; make indecent advances to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "undertake", + "tackle", + "take on" + ], + "it": [ + "abbordare", + "affrontare", + "sfidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept as a challenge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impinge", + "encroach", + "entrench", + "trench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impinge or infringe upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass", + "take advantage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make excessive use of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pamper", + "featherbed", + "cosset", + "cocker", + "baby", + "coddle", + "mollycoddle", + "spoil", + "indulge" + ], + "it": [ + "viziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "treat with excessive indulgence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break in", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "penetrare", + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter someone's (virtual or real) property in an unauthorized manner, usually with the intent to steal or commit a violent act" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gain unauthorized access computers with malicious intentions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34545", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trespass", + "intrude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter unlawfully on someone's property" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34546", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burglarize", + "burglarise", + "burgle", + "heist" + ], + "it": [ + "svaligiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit a burglary; enter and rob a dwelling" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34547", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condition" + ], + "it": [ + "condizionare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "establish a conditioned response" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34548", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "heed", + "mind", + "listen" + ], + "it": [ + "dare retta", + "ascoltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pay close attention to; give heed to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34549", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimize", + "swindle", + "rook", + "goldbrick", + "nobble", + "diddle", + "bunco", + "defraud", + "scam", + "mulct", + "gyp", + "gip", + "hornswoggle", + "short-change", + "con" + ], + "it": [ + "buggerare", + "frodare", + "minchionare", + "rubare", + "truffare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive of by deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34550", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "short-change", + "short" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheat someone by not returning him enough money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34551", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bilk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheat somebody out of what is due, especially money" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34552", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "job" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "profit privately from public office and official business" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34553", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shark" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play the shark; act with trickery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34554", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rig", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "falsare", + "truccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "arrange the outcome of by means of deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34555", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheat", + "rip off", + "chisel" + ], + "it": [ + "bidonare", + "imbrogliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deprive somebody of something by deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34556", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat", + "bunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "avoid paying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34557", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whipsaw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "victimize, especially in gambling or negotiations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34558", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "welsh", + "welch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cheat by avoiding payment of a gambling debt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34559", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "victimize", + "victimise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a victim of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34560", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheat", + "chisel" + ], + "it": [ + "barare", + "buggerare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in deceitful behavior; practice trickery or fraud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34561", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cozen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act with artful deceit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34562", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crib" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "use a crib, as in an exam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34563", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deceive", + "lead on", + "delude", + "cozen" + ], + "it": [ + "abbagliare", + "illudere", + "imbrogliare", + "ingannare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be false to; be dishonest with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34564", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a shill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34565", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flim-flam", + "play a joke on", + "play tricks", + "trick", + "fob", + "fox", + "pull a fast one on", + "play a trick on" + ], + "it": [ + "abbindolare", + "accalappiare", + "circuire", + "imbrogliare", + "ingannare", + "raggirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deceive somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34566", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freelance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work independently and on temporary contracts rather than for a long-term employer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34567", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fool", + "gull", + "befool" + ], + "it": [ + "gabbare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a fool or dupe of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34568", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheat on", + "cheat", + "cuckold", + "betray", + "wander" + ], + "it": [ + "cornificare", + "ingannare", + "tradire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sexually unfaithful to one's partner in marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34569", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "two-time" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry on a romantic relationship with two people at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34570", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fudge", + "manipulate", + "fake", + "falsify", + "cook", + "wangle", + "misrepresent" + ], + "it": [ + "alterare", + "falsare", + "falsificare", + "manipolare", + "mistificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tamper, with the purpose of deception" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34571", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manipulate by or as if by moving around components" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34572", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoax", + "pull someone's leg", + "play a joke on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "subject to a playful hoax or joke" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34573", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decoy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lure or entrap with or as if with a decoy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34574", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bait" + ], + "it": [ + "adescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lure, entice, or entrap with bait" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34575", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ensnare", + "entrap", + "frame", + "set up" + ], + "it": [ + "incastrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take or catch as if in a snare or trap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34576", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "juggle", + "beguile", + "hoodwink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence by slyness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34577", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snooker" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fool or dupe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34578", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observe", + "celebrate", + "keep" + ], + "it": [ + "celebrare", + "festeggiare", + "osservare", + "santificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave as expected during of holidays or rites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34579", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "observe", + "keep" + ], + "it": [ + "osservare", + "rispettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conform one's action or practice to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34580", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make good" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as promised" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34581", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "solemnize", + "solemnise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe or perform with dignity or gravity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34582", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corrupt", + "pervert", + "subvert", + "demoralize", + "demoralise", + "debauch", + "debase", + "profane", + "vitiate", + "deprave", + "misdirect" + ], + "it": [ + "corrompere", + "depravare", + "pervertire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34583", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "corrupt with ideas or an ideology" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34584", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead off", + "lead astray" + ], + "it": [ + "traviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "teach immoral behavior to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34585", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "whore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "work as a prostitute" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34586", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "poison" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spoil as if by poison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34587", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bastardize", + "bastardise" + ], + "it": [ + "imbarbarire", + "imbastardire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change something so that its value declines; for example, art forms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34588", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blackmail", + "blackjack", + "pressure" + ], + "it": [ + "ricattare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert pressure on someone through threats" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34589", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suborn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "incite to commit a crime or an evil deed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34590", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecute" + ], + "it": [ + "intentare azione contro", + "perseguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring a criminal action against (in a trial)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34591", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defend", + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "patrocinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the defense counsel for someone in a trial" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34592", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prosecute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conduct a prosecution in a court of law" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34593", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "action", + "sue", + "litigate", + "process" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34594", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litigate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in legal proceedings" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34595", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetrate", + "commit", + "pull" + ], + "it": [ + "commettere", + "perpetrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "perform an act, usually with a negative connotation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34596", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "commettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out or commit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34597", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recommit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit once again, as of a crime" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34598", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebel", + "arise", + "rise", + "rise up" + ], + "it": [ + "insorgere", + "ribellarsi", + "sollevarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34599", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rebel", + "renegade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "break with established customs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34600", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resist", + "balk", + "baulk", + "jib" + ], + "it": [ + "impuntarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refuse to comply" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34601", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "revolt" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make revolution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34602", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mutiny" + ], + "it": [ + "ammutinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage in a mutiny against an authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34603", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defect", + "desert" + ], + "it": [ + "abbandonare", + "defezionare", + "disertare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert (a cause, a country or an army), often in order to join the opposing cause, country, or army" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34604", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "desert one's party or group of friends, for example, for one's personal advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34605", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "riot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take part in a riot; disturb the public peace by engaging in a riot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34606", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rampage" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act violently, recklessly, or destructively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34607", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agitate", + "foment", + "stir up" + ], + "it": [ + "agitarsi", + "attizzare", + "eccitare", + "fomentare", + "protestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to stir up public opinion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34608", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rumpus" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a disturbance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34609", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encourage or assent to illegally or criminally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34610", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persecute", + "oppress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to suffer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34611", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "harass by imposing humiliating or painful tasks, as in military institutions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34612", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arrive", + "make it", + "get in", + "go far" + ], + "it": [ + "arrivare", + "sfondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "succeed in a big way; get to the top" + ], + "it": [ + "raggiungere una condizione di innegabile successo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34613", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "persuade", + "sway" + ], + "it": [ + "persuadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "win approval or support for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34614", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence by corruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34615", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "charm", + "becharm" + ], + "it": [ + "incantare", + "stregare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "control by magic spells, as by practicing witchcraft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34616", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "govern", + "rule" + ], + "it": [ + "amministrare", + "dominare", + "governare", + "reggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise authority over; as of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34617", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misgovern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "govern badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34618", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dictate" + ], + "it": [ + "dettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule as a dictator" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34619", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tyrannize", + "tyrannise", + "grind down" + ], + "it": [ + "tiranneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rule a country as a tyrant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34620", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reign" + ], + "it": [ + "imperare", + "regnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have sovereign power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34621", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cope", + "get by", + "make out", + "make do", + "contend", + "grapple", + "deal", + "manage" + ], + "it": [ + "districarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to terms with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34622", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "improvise", + "extemporize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage in a makeshift way; do with whatever is at hand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34623", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "try to manage without help" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34624", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hack", + "cut" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to manage or manage successfully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34625", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scrape along", + "scrape by", + "scratch along", + "squeak by", + "squeeze by", + "rub along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "manage one's existence barely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34626", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "befriend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become friends with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34627", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pal", + "pal up", + "chum up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become friends; act friendly towards" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34628", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relegate", + "pass on", + "submit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refer to another person for decision or judgment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34629", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consort", + "associate", + "affiliate", + "assort" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep company with; hang out with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34630", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crusade", + "fight", + "press", + "campaign", + "push", + "agitate" + ], + "it": [ + "combattere", + "condurre una campagna", + "fare una campagna" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34631", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall back", + "resort", + "recur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have recourse to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34632", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop a habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34633", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "colonize", + "colonise" + ], + "it": [ + "colonizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "settle as a colony; of countries in the developing world" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34634", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "decolonize", + "decolonise" + ], + "it": [ + "decolonizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grant independence to (a former colony)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34635", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "philander", + "womanize", + "womanise" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "correre dietro alle donne" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have amorous affairs; of men" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34636", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "abbracciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn one's interest to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34637", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescend", + "deign", + "descend" + ], + "it": [ + "scendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something that one considers to be below one's dignity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34638", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "condescend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a patronizing and condescending manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34639", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take care" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be careful, prudent, or watchful" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34640", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "interlope" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "encroach on the rights of others, as in trading without a proper license" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34641", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parole" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "release a criminal from detention and place him on parole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34642", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "gather and spend time together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34643", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "club" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite with a common purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34644", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emcee", + "compere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a master of ceremonies" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34645", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do the honors" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as the host and receive or introduce one's guests" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34646", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tutor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a guardian to someone" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34647", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a servant for older boys, in British public schools" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34648", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frivol", + "trifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act frivolously" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34649", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "humbug" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "trick or deceive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34650", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "devote (part of) one's life or efforts to, as of countries, institutions, or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34651", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invigilate", + "proctor" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "watch over (students taking an exam, to prevent cheating)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34652", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lord it over", + "queen it over", + "put on airs", + "act superior" + ], + "it": [ + "spadroneggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act like the master of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34653", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "queen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote to a queen, as of a pawn in chess" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34654", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "happen" + ], + "it": [ + "accadere", + "capitare", + "succedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "chance to be or do something, without intention or causation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34655", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the case by chance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34656", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act, usually en masse, hurriedly or on an impulse" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34657", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stampede" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause a group or mass of people to act on an impulse or hurriedly and impulsively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34658", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "match", + "cope with" + ], + "it": [ + "affrontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfy or fulfill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34659", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain out", + "wash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevent or interrupt due to rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34660", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "operate in a certain place, area, or specialty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34661", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make a point", + "make sure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a point of doing something; act purposefully and intentionally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34662", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply oneself diligently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34663", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "apply oneself to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34664", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repeat", + "take over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34665", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inactive, refrain from acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34666", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hibernate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in an inactive or dormant state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34667", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet" + ], + "it": [ + "conoscersi", + "incontrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get to know; get acquainted with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34668", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend a dance or a party without a female companion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34669", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come near" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "almost do or experience something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34670", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surprise" + ], + "it": [ + "cogliere", + "meravigliare", + "sorprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come upon or take unawares" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34671", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blindside" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch unawares, especially with harmful consequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34672", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swell", + "puff up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become filled with pride, arrogance, or anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34673", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get involved or mixed-up with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34674", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "estrange" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove from customary environment or associations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34675", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sneak" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put, bring, or take in a secretive or furtive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34676", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34677", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "appear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present oneself formally, as before a (judicial) authority" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34678", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remember oneself" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "recover one's good manners after a lapse or stop behaving badly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34679", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assemble", + "gather", + "get together" + ], + "it": [ + "adunare", + "raccogliere", + "radunare", + "riunire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get people together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34680", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form by assembling individuals or constituents" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34681", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play around", + "fool around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "commit adultery" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34682", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "join" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into the company of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34683", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "move" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live one's life in a specified environment" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34684", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "escape", + "get away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remove oneself from a familiar environment, usually for pleasure or diversion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34685", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "touch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deal with; usually used with a form of negation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34686", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34687", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "carry out" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34688", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "book" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "register in a hotel booker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34689", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "guard" + ], + "it": [ + "guardarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take precautions in order to avoid some unwanted consequence" + ], + "it": [ + "prendere provvedimenti per difendersi da qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34690", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen or take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34691", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accept and follow the leadership or command or guidance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34692", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "use" + ], + "it": [ + "usare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34693", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop a habit; apply oneself to a practice or occupation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34694", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin", + "start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34695", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call the shots", + "call the tune", + "wear the trousers" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exercise authority or be in charge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34696", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "address", + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34697", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "printing: cancel, as of a correction or deletion" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34698", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "loosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less severe or strict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34699", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "loosen" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make less severe or strict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34700", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relax", + "loosen up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become less tense, less formal, or less restrained, and assume a friendlier manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34701", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go off half-cocked", + "go off at half-cock" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act prematurely or without reflection or too soon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34702", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slam-dunk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a forceful move against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34703", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "baby-sit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take watchful responsibility for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34704", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unite", + "unify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring together for a common purpose or action or ideology or in a shared situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34705", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fix" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "influence an event or its outcome by illegal means" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34706", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straiten", + "distress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into difficulties or distress, especially financial hardship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34707", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "administer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "direct the taking of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34708", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exist", + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "esistere", + "esserci", + "essere", + "sussistere", + "avere", + "fare", + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an existence, be extant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34709", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preexist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist beforehand or prior to a certain point in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34710", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick around", + "knock about", + "kick about" + ], + "it": [ + "vagare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be around; be alive or active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34711", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coexist" + ], + "it": [ + "coesistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34712", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coexist" + ], + "it": [ + "coesistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coexist peacefully, as of nations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34713", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "avere", + "costituire", + "rimanere", + "risultare", + "riuscire", + "stare", + "trovarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)" + ], + "it": [ + "avere la qualità di essere in un certo modo o vivere una certa condizione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34714", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34715", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut across" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be contrary to ordinary procedure or limitations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34716", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stretch", + "stretch along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy a large, elongated area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34717", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighbor", + "neighbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be located near or adjacent to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34718", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "neighbor", + "neighbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live or be located as a neighbor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34719", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin", + "start" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "attaccare", + "cominciare", + "incominciare", + "iniziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34720", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin", + "start" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a beginning characterized in some specified way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34721", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a beginning, of a temporal event" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34722", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set in", + "kick in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter a particular state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34723", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dawn" + ], + "it": [ + "spuntare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear or develop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34724", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "stop", + "finish", + "terminate", + "cease" + ], + "it": [ + "concludere", + "concludersi", + "smettere", + "terminare", + "finire", + "sbucare", + "sboccare", + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical" + ], + "it": [ + "avere una fine e confluire in qualcos'altro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34725", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conclude", + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to a close" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34726", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out", + "come out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "result or end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34727", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eventuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come out in the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34728", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen in a certain way, leading to, producing, or resulting in a certain outcome, often well" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34729", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ], + "it": [ + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in some specified state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34730", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "specify", + "define", + "delineate", + "delimit", + "delimitate" + ], + "it": [ + "specificare", + "definire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the essential quality of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34731", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "redefine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give a new or different definition to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34732", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "shine", + "strike" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "touch or seem as if touching visually or audibly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34733", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur persistently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34734", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occur" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "essere", + "fare", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be found to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34735", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a strong tendency to occur side by side" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34736", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attend", + "go to" + ], + "it": [ + "frequentare", + "seguire", + "andare", + "partecipare", + "prendere parte", + "intervenire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc." + ], + "it": [ + "essere presente o avere un ruolo nello svolgimento di un evento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34737", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend as a visitor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34738", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "worship" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "assistere alle funzioni" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attend religious services" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34739", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offer", + "offer up" + ], + "it": [ + "offrire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "present as an act of worship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34740", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss" + ], + "it": [ + "perdere", + "perdersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to attend an event or activity" + ], + "it": [ + "non riuscire a vedere, ad assistere a qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34741", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cut", + "skip" + ], + "it": [ + "saltare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "intentionally fail to attend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34742", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bunk off", + "play hooky" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "play truant from work or school" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34743", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be", + "live" + ], + "it": [ + "campare", + "essere", + "vivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have life, be alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34744", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live" + ], + "it": [ + "vivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34745", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dissipate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live a life of pleasure, especially with respect to alcoholic consumption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34746", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pursue a positive and satisfying existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34747", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34748", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unlive", + "live down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live so as to annul some previous behavior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34749", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wanton" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "indulge in a carefree or voluptuous way of life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34750", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vegetate" + ], + "it": [ + "vegetare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead a passive existence without using one's body or mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34751", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pig", + "pig it" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live like a pig, in squalor" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34752", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bushwhack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live in the bush as a fugitive or as a guerilla" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34753", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buccaneer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live like a buccaneer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34754", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bachelor", + "bach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead a bachelor's existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34755", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eke out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live from day to day, as with some hardship" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34756", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be identical to; be someone or something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34757", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rusticate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live in the country and lead a rustic life" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34758", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exist", + "survive", + "live", + "subsist" + ], + "it": [ + "campare", + "vivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34759", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be alive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34760", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "indwell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exist as an inner activating spirit, force, or principle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34761", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freewheel", + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live unhurriedly, irresponsibly, or freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34762", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do", + "fare", + "make out", + "come", + "get along" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "proceed or get along" + ], + "it": [ + "avere una certa linea di comportamento" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34763", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass, fare, or elapse; of a certain state of affairs or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34764", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or continue to be in a certain condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34765", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survive", + "last", + "live", + "live on", + "go", + "endure", + "hold up", + "hold out" + ], + "it": [ + "campare", + "reggere", + "resistere", + "sopravvivere", + "vivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue to live through hardship or adversity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34766", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand up", + "hold up", + "hold water" + ], + "it": [ + "reggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist or withstand wear, criticism, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34767", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perennate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "survive from season to season, of plants" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34768", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "live out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live out one's life; live to the end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34769", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last out", + "stay", + "ride out", + "outride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang on during a trial of endurance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34770", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outstay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surpass in staying power" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34771", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "visit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay with as a guest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34772", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make sense", + "add up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be reasonable or logical or comprehensible" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34773", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outlive", + "outlast", + "survive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live longer than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34774", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "survive", + "pull through", + "pull round", + "come through", + "make it" + ], + "it": [ + "sopravvivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34775", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "die, as in battle or in a hunt" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34776", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "succumb", + "yield" + ], + "it": [ + "arrendersi", + "soccombere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fatally overwhelmed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34777", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "constitute", + "represent", + "make up", + "comprise", + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "costituire", + "essere", + "rappresentare", + "fare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form or compose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34778", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitute the essence of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34779", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compose" + ], + "it": [ + "comporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form the substance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34780", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "constitute", + "make" + ], + "it": [ + "formare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to compose or represent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34781", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chelate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a chelate, in chemistry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34782", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "separate", + "divide" + ], + "it": [ + "distinguere", + "dividere", + "separare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act as a barrier between; stand between" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34783", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang together", + "interdepend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be connected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34784", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect", + "link", + "link up", + "join", + "unite" + ], + "it": [ + "collegarsi", + "congiungersi", + "unire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become joined or united or linked" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34785", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "articulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "unite by forming a joint or joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34786", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intercommunicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be interconnected, afford passage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34787", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "complect", + "interconnect", + "interlink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be interwoven or interconnected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34788", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bridge", + "bridge over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect or reduce the distance between" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34789", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tide over", + "bridge over", + "keep going" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffice for a period between two points" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34790", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "become" + ], + "it": [ + "farsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into existence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34791", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "root" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into existence, originate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34792", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "form", + "take form", + "take shape", + "spring" + ], + "it": [ + "configurarsi", + "prendere forma" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop into a distinctive entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34793", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a head or come or grow to a head" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34794", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originate", + "arise", + "rise", + "develop", + "uprise", + "spring up", + "grow" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere", + "derivare", + "sorgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into existence; take on form or shape" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34795", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resurge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise again" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34796", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come forth", + "emerge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen or occur as a result of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34797", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come forth or begin from a state of latency" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34798", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come", + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be the product or result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34799", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into beads, as of water or sweat, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34800", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reticulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a net or a network" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34801", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "arise", + "come up", + "bob up" + ], + "it": [ + "nascere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originate or come into being" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34802", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flocculate" + ], + "it": [ + "flocculare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into an aggregated lumpy or fluffy mass" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34803", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flocculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to become a fluffy or lumpy aggregate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34804", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nucleate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form into a nucleus" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34805", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "well up", + "swell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come up (as of feelings and thoughts, or other ephemeral things)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34806", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "become", + "turn" + ], + "it": [ + "divenire", + "diventare", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo a change or development" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34807", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34808", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carbonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "turn into a carbonate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34809", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come", + "add up", + "amount" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "develop into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34810", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aggregate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount in the aggregate to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34811", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originate in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come from" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34812", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem" + ], + "it": [ + "derivare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow out of, have roots in, originate in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34813", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necessitate", + "ask", + "postulate", + "need", + "require", + "take", + "involve", + "call for", + "demand" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere", + "volere", + "bisognare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require as useful, just, or proper" + ], + "it": [ + "richiedere come necessario oppure opportuno" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34814", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "govern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require to be in a certain grammatical case, voice, or mood" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34815", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ], + "it": [ + "pescare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require a specified depth for floating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34816", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost" + ], + "it": [ + "comportare", + "costare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "require to lose, suffer, or sacrifice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34817", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cry out for", + "cry for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "need badly or desperately" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34818", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "obviate", + "rid of", + "eliminate" + ], + "it": [ + "eliminare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do away with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34819", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preclude", + "rule out", + "close out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make impossible, especially beforehand" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34820", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incorporate", + "contain", + "comprise" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere", + "contenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include or contain; have as a component" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34821", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embrace", + "encompass", + "comprehend", + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34822", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have", + "feature" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34823", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be equipped with (a mast or sail)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34824", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bear" + ], + "it": [ + "portare", + "avere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34825", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "give off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a by-product" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34826", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unite", + "combine" + ], + "it": [ + "assommare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or possess in combination" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34827", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feature as the star" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34828", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-star" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feature as the co-star in a performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34829", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sport", + "feature", + "boast" + ], + "it": [ + "vantare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wear or display in an ostentatious or proud manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34830", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exhibit" + ], + "it": [ + "esibire", + "mostrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34831", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "phosphoresce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to exhibit phosphorescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34832", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possess" + ], + "it": [ + "possedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34833", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss", + "lack" + ], + "it": [ + "mancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be without" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34834", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "want" + ], + "it": [ + "mancare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be without, lack; be deficient in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34835", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miss" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be absent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34836", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "include" + ], + "it": [ + "abbracciare", + "comprendere", + "includere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a part, be made up out of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34837", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contain as a part" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34838", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consist", + "comprise" + ], + "it": [ + "comprendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be composed of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34839", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equate", + "correspond" + ], + "it": [ + "corrispondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34840", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exclude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lack or fail to include" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34841", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prove", + "turn out", + "turn up" + ], + "it": [ + "dimostrarsi", + "risultare", + "rivelare", + "rivelarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be shown or be found to be" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34842", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "turn out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove to be in the result or end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34843", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "result", + "ensue" + ], + "it": [ + "risultare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34844", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be due", + "flow from" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the result of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34845", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subsume" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contain or include" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34846", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entail", + "implicate" + ], + "it": [ + "comportare", + "implicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34847", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "account for" + ], + "it": [ + "giustificare", + "spiegare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the reason or explanation for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34848", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entail", + "imply", + "mean" + ], + "it": [ + "comportare", + "implicare", + "significare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a logical consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34849", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "necessitate or exact" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34850", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "necessitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be a concomitant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34851", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "result", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "condurre", + "lasciare", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a result or residue" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34852", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "tend to or result in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34853", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imply", + "involve" + ], + "it": [ + "comportare", + "implicare", + "sottintendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a necessary feature" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34854", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be necessarily associated with or result in or involve" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34855", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or possess something abstract" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34856", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "get into", + "tangle with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get involved in or with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34857", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incriminate", + "imply", + "inculpate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suggest that someone is guilty" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34858", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bide", + "abide", + "stay" + ], + "it": [ + "stare", + "restare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "dwell" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34859", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overstay", + "outstay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay too long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34860", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "remain" + ], + "it": [ + "restare", + "rimanere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34861", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wait" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettare", + "attendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay in one place and anticipate or expect something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34862", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kick one's heels", + "cool one's heels" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wait or pass the time aimlessly or futilely; be kept waiting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34863", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand by", + "stick around", + "stick about" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be available or ready for a certain function or service" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34864", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand by", + "stick by", + "stick", + "adhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be loyal to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34865", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhere", + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a devoted follower or supporter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34866", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loiter", + "lounge", + "footle", + "lollygag", + "loaf", + "lallygag", + "hang around", + "mess about", + "tarry", + "linger", + "lurk", + "mill about", + "mill around" + ], + "it": [ + "bighellare", + "bighellonare", + "ciondolare", + "gingillare", + "girellare", + "gironzolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be about" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34867", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prowl", + "lurch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "loiter about, with no apparent aim" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34868", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bum", + "bum around", + "bum about", + "arse around", + "arse about", + "fuck off", + "loaf", + "frig around", + "waste one's time", + "lounge around", + "loll", + "loll around", + "lounge about" + ], + "it": [ + "ciondolare", + "indugiare", + "meriggiare", + "oziare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be lazy or idle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34869", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie about", + "lie around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang around idly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34870", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lurk", + "skulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie in wait, lie in ambush, behave in a sneaky and secretive manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34871", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwell on", + "linger over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "delay" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34872", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "boggle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hesitate when confronted with a problem, or when in doubt or fear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34873", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hesitate", + "waver", + "waffle" + ], + "it": [ + "altalenare", + "esitare", + "pencolare", + "tentennare", + "titubare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34874", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hover", + "linger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move to and fro" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34875", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hesitate", + "pause" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt temporarily an activity before continuing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34876", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scruple" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hesitate on moral grounds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34877", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wait", + "hold off", + "hold back" + ], + "it": [ + "aspettare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wait before acting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34878", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wait uncompromisingly for something desirable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34879", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "delay" + ], + "it": [ + "differire", + "ritardare", + "tardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act later than planned, scheduled, or required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34880", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procrastinate", + "stall", + "drag one's feet", + "drag one's heels", + "shillyshally", + "dilly-dally", + "dillydally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "postpone doing what one should be doing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34881", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "procrastinate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "postpone or delay needlessly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34882", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postpone", + "prorogue", + "hold over", + "put over", + "table", + "shelve", + "set back", + "defer", + "remit", + "put off" + ], + "it": [ + "differire", + "dilazionare", + "posporre", + "posticipare", + "procrastinare", + "prorogare", + "rinviare", + "spostare", + "rimandare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back to a later time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34883", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue a term of office past the normal period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34884", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34885", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop dealing with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34886", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "render temporarily ineffective" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34887", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "probate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put a convicted person on probation by suspending his sentence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34888", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reprieve", + "respite" + ], + "it": [ + "rinviare l'esecuzione di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "postpone the punishment of a convicted criminal, such as an execution" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34889", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predominate", + "dominate", + "rule", + "reign", + "prevail" + ], + "it": [ + "dominare", + "predominare", + "prevalere", + "regnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34890", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "override" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prevail over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34891", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overarch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be central or dominant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34892", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outnumber" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "superare numericamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be larger in number" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34893", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "total", + "number", + "add up", + "come", + "amount" + ], + "it": [ + "ammontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add up in number or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34894", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "average", + "average out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount to or come to an average, without loss or gain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34895", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preponderate", + "outweigh", + "overbalance", + "outbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "avere maggior peso di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "weigh more heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34896", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count", + "matter", + "weigh" + ], + "it": [ + "contare", + "importare", + "significare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have weight; have import, carry weight" + ], + "it": [ + "avere peso, importanza, influire, assumere un ruolo decisivo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34897", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigh", + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to be oppressive or burdensome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34898", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be worthy of or have a certain rating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34899", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deserve", + "merit" + ], + "it": [ + "meritare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be worthy or deserving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34900", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have it coming" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "deserve (either good or bad)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34901", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "buy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be worth or be capable of buying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34902", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominate" + ], + "it": [ + "controllare", + "dominare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in control" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34903", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overbear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overcome" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34904", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "possess" + ], + "it": [ + "possedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enter into and control, as of emotions or ideas" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34905", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevail", + "persist", + "die hard", + "run", + "endure" + ], + "it": [ + "persistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34906", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "endure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34907", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reverberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a long or continuing effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34908", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "run for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend or continue for a certain period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34909", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "perpetuate" + ], + "it": [ + "perpetuare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to continue or prevail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34910", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "eternize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to continue indefinitely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34911", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prevail", + "hold", + "obtain" + ], + "it": [ + "prevalere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be valid, applicable, or true" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34912", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupy", + "reside", + "lodge in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live (in a certain place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34913", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "occupy", + "fill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy the whole of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34914", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douse", + "dowse" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wet thoroughly" + ], + "it": [ + "praticare la rabdomanzia" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34915", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crowd" + ], + "it": [ + "accalcare", + "affollare", + "ammucchiarsi", + "gremire", + "invadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fill or occupy to the point of overflowing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34916", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take up" + ], + "it": [ + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take up time or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34917", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reside temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34918", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squat" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "occupare abusivamente" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy (a dwelling) illegally" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34919", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "populate", + "dwell", + "live", + "inhabit" + ], + "it": [ + "risiedere", + "stare", + "vivere", + "abitare", + "occupare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34920", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reside", + "shack", + "domicile", + "domiciliate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make one's home in a particular place or community" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34921", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "people" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "furnish with people" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34922", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overpopulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to have too great a population" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34923", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohabit", + "live together", + "shack up" + ], + "it": [ + "convivere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "share living quarters; usually said of people who are not married and live together as a couple" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34924", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge", + "accommodate" + ], + "it": [ + "alloggiare", + "ospitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide housing for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34925", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "barrack" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lodge in barracks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34926", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "supply with room and board" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34927", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "raise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34928", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "herd" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep, move, or drive animals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34929", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wrangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "herd and care for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34930", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lodge" + ], + "it": [ + "albergare", + "alloggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a lodger; stay temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34931", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep over", + "stay over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay overnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34932", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lay over", + "stop over" + ], + "it": [ + "sostare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "interrupt a journey temporarily, e.g., overnight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34933", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "quarter", + "billet", + "canton" + ], + "it": [ + "accampare", + "acquartierare", + "acquartierarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide housing for (military personnel)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34934", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwell", + "consist", + "lie", + "lie in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "originate (in)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34935", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inherent in something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34936", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pertain", + "appertain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a part or attribute of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34937", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be awarded; be allotted" + ], + "it": [ + "essere destinato a qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34938", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "camp", + "encamp", + "camp out", + "bivouac", + "tent" + ], + "it": [ + "attendarsi", + "bivaccare", + "campeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live in or as if in a tent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34939", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhabit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be present in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34940", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "infest" + ], + "it": [ + "infestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live on or in a host, as of parasites" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34941", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "invade", + "overrun", + "infest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy in large numbers or live on a host" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34942", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nest" + ], + "it": [ + "annidarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "inhabit a nest, usually after building" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34943", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "stare", + "trovarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere" + ], + "it": [ + "occupare una certa posizione nello spazio" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34944", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand back", + "keep one's eyes off", + "keep one's distance", + "keep one's hands off", + "stay away" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay clear of, avoid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34945", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be clear and obvious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34946", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "chamber" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place in a chamber" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34947", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harbor", + "harbour" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34948", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shelter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide shelter for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34949", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "board", + "room" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "live and take one's meals at or in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34950", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide with shelter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34951", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy, usually uninvited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34952", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "match", + "fit", + "correspond", + "check", + "jibe", + "gibe", + "tally", + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "combaciare", + "concordare", + "corrispondere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34953", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be consistent in form, tenor, or character; be congruous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34954", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "check", + "check out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be verified or confirmed; pass inspection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34955", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accord in appearance with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34956", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "match or correspond" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34957", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coincide" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the same" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34958", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "align" + ], + "it": [ + "allinearsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or come into adjustment with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34959", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "correlate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to bear a reciprocal or mutual relation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34960", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "parallel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be parallel to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34961", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twin", + "duplicate", + "parallel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "duplicate or match" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34962", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be compatible with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34963", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "square" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to match, as of ideas or acts" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34964", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "calzare", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the right size or shape; fit correctly or as desired" + ], + "it": [ + "presentarsi in un certo modo su chi indossa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34965", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tessellate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit together exactly, of identical shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34966", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "joint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit as if by joints" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34967", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dovetail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fit together tightly, as if by means of a dovetail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34968", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "coincide", + "co-occur", + "cooccur" + ], + "it": [ + "coincidere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go with, fall together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34969", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "coincide partially or wholly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34970", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "collocate with", + "construe with", + "cooccur with", + "co-occur with", + "go with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go or occur together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34971", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "scadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be due" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34972", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scan" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conform to a metrical pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34973", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deviate", + "vary", + "diverge", + "depart" + ], + "it": [ + "discostarsi", + "divergere", + "variare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at variance with; be out of line with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34974", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diverge or deviate from the straight path; produce aberration" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34975", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "aberrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "diverge from the expected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34976", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vary" + ], + "it": [ + "variare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be subject to change in accordance with a variable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34977", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "co-vary" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary in the same time period (of two random variables)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34978", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drift" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary or move from a fixed point or course" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34979", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conform" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be similar, be in line with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34980", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contradict", + "belie", + "negate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in contradiction with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34981", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "corroborate", + "underpin", + "bear out", + "support" + ], + "it": [ + "confermare", + "corroborare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34982", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "repose on", + "rest on", + "build on", + "build upon" + ], + "it": [ + "basarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be based on; of theories and claims, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34983", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depend on", + "rely on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dependent on, as for support or maintenance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34984", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depend on", + "depend upon", + "rely on", + "rely upon" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put trust in with confidence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34985", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depend" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be contingent upon (something that is elided)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34986", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang by a thread", + "hang by a hair" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "depend on a small thing or be at risk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34987", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlie" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "essere alla base di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or form the base for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34988", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rest", + "reside", + "repose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inherent or innate in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34989", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal", + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "equivalere", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be identical or equivalent to" + ], + "it": [ + "essere equivalente a" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34990", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "amount" + ], + "it": [ + "equivalere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be tantamount or equivalent to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34991", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "amount to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34992", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resemble" + ], + "it": [ + "assomigliare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34993", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look like" + ], + "it": [ + "assomigliare", + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bear a physical resemblance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34994", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come to life" + ], + "it": [ + "animarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be lifelike, as of a painting" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34995", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take after" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be similar to a relative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34996", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "approximate", + "come close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be close or similar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34997", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "differ" + ], + "it": [ + "differenziarsi", + "differire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34998", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "oppose", + "counterbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "contrapporre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contrast with equal weight or force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i34999", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "counterweight", + "counterpoise", + "counterpose" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitute a counterweight or counterbalance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35000", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contrast", + "counterpoint" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to show differences when compared; be different" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35001", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conflict" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35002", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into fashion; become fashionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35003", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go out of fashion; become unfashionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35004", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clash", + "jar", + "collide" + ], + "it": [ + "stonare", + "stridere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be incompatible; be or come into conflict" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35005", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "fit", + "conform to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "satisfy a condition or restriction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35006", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit the bill", + "fill the bill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be what is needed or be good enough for what is required" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35007", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "behoove", + "behove" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be appropriate or necessary" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35008", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "violate", + "go against", + "break" + ], + "it": [ + "violare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35009", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fly in the face of", + "fly in the teeth of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go against" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35010", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conform to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "observe" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35011", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exceed", + "transcend", + "overstep", + "pass", + "go past", + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "eccedere", + "oltrepassare", + "sorpassare", + "superare", + "travalicare", + "varcare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be superior or better than some standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35012", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exceed", + "transcend", + "surpass" + ], + "it": [ + "passare", + "sopravanzare", + "superare", + "trascendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be greater in scope or size than some standard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35013", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overgrow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "grow too large" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35014", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffice", + "do", + "answer", + "serve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35015", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go a long way" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suffice or be adequate for a while or to a certain extent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35016", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contribute or conduce to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35017", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "serve well" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "promote, benefit, or be useful or beneficial to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35018", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "function" + ], + "it": [ + "servire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve a purpose, role, or function" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35019", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a means of entrance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35020", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prelude" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a prelude or opening to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35021", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act as" + ], + "it": [ + "fungere da" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "function as or act like" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35022", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall short of" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to satisfy, as of expectations, for example" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35023", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "satisfy", + "fulfill", + "fulfil", + "live up to" + ], + "it": [ + "appagare", + "contentare", + "esaudire", + "soddisfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet the requirements or expectations of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35024", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "equal", + "touch", + "rival", + "match" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be equal to in quality or ability" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35025", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compensate", + "counterbalance", + "correct", + "make up", + "even out", + "even off", + "even up" + ], + "it": [ + "controbilanciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "adjust for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35026", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "compensate", + "overcompensate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up for shortcomings or a feeling of inferiority by exaggerating good qualities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35027", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance", + "equilibrate", + "equilibrize", + "equilibrise" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciare", + "equilibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into balance or equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35028", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "unbalance" + ], + "it": [ + "sbilanciare", + "squilibrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw out of balance or equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35029", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rank", + "outrank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take precedence or surpass others in rank" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35030", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "excel", + "stand out", + "surpass" + ], + "it": [ + "distinguersi", + "emergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "distinguish oneself" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35031", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stink" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be extremely bad in quality or in one's performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35032", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suck" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be inadequate or objectionable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35033", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shine at", + "excel at" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be good at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35034", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leap out", + "jump out", + "jump", + "stand out", + "stick out" + ], + "it": [ + "campeggiare", + "risaltare", + "spiccare", + "staccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be highly noticeable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35035", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or be capable of being changed or made into" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35036", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imitate" + ], + "it": [ + "arieggiare", + "copiare", + "imitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear like, as in behavior or appearance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35037", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitate uncritically and in every aspect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35038", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "imitate the function of (another system), as by modifying the hardware or the software" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35039", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "echo", + "recall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "call to mind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35040", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do what someone else is doing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35041", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emulate" + ], + "it": [ + "emulare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strive to equal or match, especially by imitating" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35042", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "provide for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35043", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refer", + "pertain", + "relate", + "concern", + "come to", + "bear on", + "touch", + "touch on", + "have-to doe with" + ], + "it": [ + "interessare", + "riferirsi", + "riguardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be relevant to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35044", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "focus on", + "center on", + "revolve around", + "revolve about", + "concentrate on", + "center" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "center upon" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35045", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "apply", + "hold", + "go for" + ], + "it": [ + "valere", + "applicarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be pertinent or relevant or applicable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35046", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involve", + "affect", + "regard" + ], + "it": [ + "concernere", + "riguardare", + "coinvolgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "connect closely and often incriminatingly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35047", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "implicate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring into intimate and incriminating connection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35048", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "involve" + ], + "it": [ + "coinvolgere", + "immischiare", + "trascinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "engage as a participant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35049", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embroil", + "tangle", + "sweep", + "sweep up", + "drag", + "drag in" + ], + "it": [ + "trascinare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force into some kind of situation, condition, or course of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35050", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disinvolve", + "disembroil", + "disentangle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "free from involvement or entanglement" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35051", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "entangle", + "mire" + ], + "it": [ + "impegolarsi", + "intrappolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "entrap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35052", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "concern", + "interest", + "occupy", + "worry" + ], + "it": [ + "preoccupare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on the mind of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35053", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "matter to", + "interest" + ], + "it": [ + "interessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be of importance or consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35054", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intrigue", + "fascinate" + ], + "it": [ + "avvincere", + "incuriosire", + "intrigare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to be interested or curious" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35055", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "qualify", + "measure up" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "avere i requisiti necessari" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "prove capable or fit; meet requirements" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35056", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "begin" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the first item or point, constitute the beginning or start, come first in a series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35057", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "prolong", + "sustain", + "keep up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lengthen or extend in duration or space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35058", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue", + "uphold", + "carry on", + "bear on", + "preserve" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere", + "preservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35059", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mummify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "preserve while making lifeless" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35060", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shut off", + "close off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stem the flow of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35061", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cheese" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "used in the imperative (get away, or stop it)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35062", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontinue", + "stop", + "cease", + "give up", + "quit", + "lay off" + ], + "it": [ + "cessare", + "finire", + "interrompere", + "smettere", + "fermarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put an end to a state or an activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35063", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "call it quits", + "call it a day" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stop doing what one is doing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35064", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35065", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to give up a habit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35066", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "maintain", + "hold" + ], + "it": [ + "mantenere", + "tenere", + "avere", + "conservare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35067", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep in a position or state from an earlier period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35068", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "conserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep constant through physical or chemical reactions or evolutionary change" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35069", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "preserve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep undisturbed for personal or private use for hunting, shooting, or fishing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35070", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep up with financial support" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35071", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distance" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "keep at a distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35072", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "housekeep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain a household; take care of all business related to a household" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35073", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain in a certain state, position, or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35074", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "taper off", + "peter out", + "fizzle out", + "fizzle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "end weakly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35075", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "discontinue" + ], + "it": [ + "cessare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to or be at an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35076", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to an end, stop or cease" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35077", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run on", + "keep going" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue uninterrupted" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35078", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramble on", + "ramble", + "jog" + ], + "it": [ + "sproloquiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue talking or writing in a desultory manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35079", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue undisturbed and without interference" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35080", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run out", + "expire" + ], + "it": [ + "scadere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lose validity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35081", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue", + "go on", + "proceed", + "go along", + "keep" + ], + "it": [ + "continuare", + "proseguire", + "seguitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue a certain state, condition, or activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35082", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cross", + "traverse", + "span", + "sweep" + ], + "it": [ + "attraversare", + "traversare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to cover or extend over an area or time period" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35083", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach", + "extend to", + "touch" + ], + "it": [ + "toccare", + "raggiungere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to extend as far as" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35084", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "go", + "pass", + "lead", + "extend" + ], + "it": [ + "andare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point" + ], + "it": [ + "estendersi raggiungendo un'estremità" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35085", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go", + "lead" + ], + "it": [ + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lead, extend, or afford access" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35086", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "lead" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause something to pass or lead somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35087", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend or reach" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35088", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiate", + "ray" + ], + "it": [ + "irradiarsi", + "raggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend or spread outward from a center or focus or inward towards a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35089", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "roll", + "undulate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occur in soft rounded shapes" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35090", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lead", + "top" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire", + "essere in testa a", + "guidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ahead of others; be the first" + ], + "it": [ + "essere al primo posto" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35091", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run around the rim of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35092", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go along the rim, like a beard around the chin" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35093", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cover", + "continue", + "extend" + ], + "it": [ + "coprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "span an interval of distance, space or time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35094", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sweep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cover the entire range of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35095", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sweep the length of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35096", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enfilade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rake or be in a position to rake with gunfire in a lengthwise direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35097", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overlap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend over and cover a part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35098", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "overlap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35099", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "imbricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "place so as to overlap" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35100", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread", + "overspread" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread across or over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35101", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transgress" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread over land, especially along a subsiding shoreline" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35102", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ridge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in ridges" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35103", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dot", + "stud", + "constellate" + ], + "it": [ + "costellare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "scatter or intersperse like dots or studs" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35104", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "extend", + "poke out", + "reach out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reach outward in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35105", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reach into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "run into or up to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35106", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range", + "straddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "range or extend over; occupy a certain area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35107", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spread-eagle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stretch over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35108", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie" + ], + "it": [ + "essere", + "giacere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35109", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be located or situated somewhere" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35110", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "nestle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie in a sheltered position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35111", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "intervene" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be placed or located between other things or extend between spaces and events" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35112", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "top" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be at the top of or constitute the top or highest point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35113", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mediate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy an intermediate or middle position or form a connecting link or stage between two others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35114", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie moored or anchored" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35115", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lap" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie partly over or alongside of something or of one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35116", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "localize", + "localise", + "focalize", + "focalise" + ], + "it": [ + "localizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "concentrate on a particular place or spot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35117", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "slant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie obliquely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35118", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precede", + "predate" + ], + "it": [ + "precedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come before" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35119", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit", + "sit around" + ], + "it": [ + "sedere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be around, often idly or without specific purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35120", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "underlie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie underneath" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35121", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cap", + "crest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "lie at the top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35122", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "front", + "look", + "face" + ], + "it": [ + "guardare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to" + ], + "it": [ + "essere rivolti in una certa direzione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35123", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "face" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be opposite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35124", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "subtend", + "delimit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be opposite to; of angles and sides, in geometry" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35125", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in back of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35126", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flank" + ], + "it": [ + "affiancare", + "fiancheggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be located at the sides of something or somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35127", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ], + "it": [ + "aprire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in the front of or on top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35128", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "surmount" + ], + "it": [ + "sormontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be on top of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35129", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form the topmost part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35130", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pinnacle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surmount with a pinnacle" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35131", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "situate", + "locate" + ], + "it": [ + "identificare", + "individuare", + "localizzare", + "situare", + "ubicare", + "collocare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine or indicate the place, site, or limits of, as if by an instrument or by a survey" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35132", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "acquire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate (a moving entity) by means of a tracking system such as radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35133", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiolocate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate by means of radar" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35134", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "map" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "locate within a specific region of a chromosome in relation to known DNA or gene sequences" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35135", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "place", + "localize", + "localise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "identify the location or place of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35136", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dominate", + "command", + "overlook", + "overtop" + ], + "it": [ + "sovrastare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "look down on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35137", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow", + "overshadow", + "dwarf" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make appear small by comparison" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35138", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loom", + "tower", + "predominate", + "hulk" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear very large or occupy a commanding position" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35139", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rise", + "lift", + "rear" + ], + "it": [ + "elevarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rise up" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35140", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "loom" + ], + "it": [ + "delinearsi", + "profilarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come into view indistinctly, often threateningly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35141", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "endanger", + "jeopardize", + "jeopardise", + "menace", + "threaten", + "imperil", + "peril" + ], + "it": [ + "insidiare", + "minacciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pose a threat to; present a danger to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35142", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhang", + "beetle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suspended over or hang over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35143", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dote" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be foolish or senile due to old age" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35144", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embody", + "be", + "personify" + ], + "it": [ + "impersonare", + "essere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent, as of a character on stage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35145", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "characterize", + "characterise" + ], + "it": [ + "caratterizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be characteristic of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35146", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "individuate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give individual character to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35147", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "define" + ], + "it": [ + "definire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the nature of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35148", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incarnate", + "body forth", + "embody", + "substantiate" + ], + "it": [ + "impersonare", + "incarnare", + "personificare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent in bodily form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35149", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reincarnate", + "transmigrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be born anew in another body after death" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35150", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "body", + "personify" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "invest with or as with a body; give body to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35151", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "typify", + "epitomize", + "epitomise" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35152", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "represent", + "stand for", + "correspond" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35153", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "homologize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be homologous" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35154", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "befit", + "suit", + "beseem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "accord or comport with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35155", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "harmonize", + "harmonise", + "consort", + "accord", + "concord", + "fit in", + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "accordare", + "armonizzare", + "entrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35156", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blend", + "go", + "blend in" + ], + "it": [ + "fondersi", + "mescolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blend or harmonize" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35157", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sounded, played, or expressed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35158", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be contained in" + ], + "it": [ + "essere contenuto (in un numero)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35159", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold", + "bear", + "carry", + "contain" + ], + "it": [ + "contenere", + "racchiudere", + "portare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contain or hold; have within" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35160", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contain", + "take", + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be capable of holding or containing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35161", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleep" + ], + "it": [ + "poter ospitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to accommodate for sleeping" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35162", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retain" + ], + "it": [ + "ritenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold back within" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35163", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "house" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "contain or cover" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35164", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be able to seat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35165", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand", + "remain firm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hold one's ground; maintain a position; be steadfast or upright" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35166", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be tall; have a height of; copula" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35167", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cost", + "be" + ], + "it": [ + "costare", + "venire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be priced at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35168", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set back", + "knock back", + "put back" + ], + "it": [ + "costare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cost a certain amount" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35169", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit", + "accommodate", + "fit" + ], + "it": [ + "andare bene a", + "contentare", + "soddisfare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be agreeable or acceptable to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35170", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in effect; be or remain in force" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35171", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "admit to testing or proof" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35172", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "yield", + "relent", + "soften" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give in, as to influence or pressure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35173", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "truckle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "yield to out of weakness" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35174", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line", + "run along" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in line with; form a line along" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35175", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "skirt" + ], + "it": [ + "bordare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form the edge of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35176", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "verge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "border on; come close to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35177", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "border on", + "approach" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come near or verge on, resemble, come nearer in quality, or character" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35178", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "line up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a line" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35179", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "measure" + ], + "it": [ + "misurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have certain dimensions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35180", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigh", + "librate" + ], + "it": [ + "pesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "determine the weight of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35181", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weigh" + ], + "it": [ + "pesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35182", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "last", + "endure" + ], + "it": [ + "permanere", + "reggere", + "durare", + "perdurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "persist for a specified period of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35183", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear", + "hold out", + "endure" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last and be usable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35184", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outwear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last longer than others" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35185", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drag on", + "drag out" + ], + "it": [ + "prolungarsi", + "strascinarsi", + "trascinarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "last unnecessarily long" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35186", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "inhere in", + "attach to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35187", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall into", + "fall under" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be included in or classified as" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35188", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be noncommittal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35189", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "straddle" + ], + "it": [ + "stare a cavalcioni di" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "sit or stand astride of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35190", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hover", + "vibrate", + "vacillate", + "oscillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35191", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shillyshally" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be uncertain and vague" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35192", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off a shimmering reflection, as of silk" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35193", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hum", + "buzz", + "seethe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be noisy with activity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35194", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defy", + "withstand", + "hold", + "hold up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist or confront with resistance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35195", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain inactive or immobile" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35196", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weather", + "endure", + "brave", + "brave out" + ], + "it": [ + "sfidare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "face and withstand with courage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35197", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lend oneself", + "apply" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be applicable to; as to an analysis" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35198", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beggar" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be beyond the resources of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35199", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "defy", + "resist", + "refuse" + ], + "it": [ + "resistere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "elude, especially in a baffling way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35200", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "weekend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend the weekend" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35201", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "piddle", + "wanton", + "wanton away", + "piddle away", + "trifle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35202", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "misspend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend time badly or unwisely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35203", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spend", + "pass" + ], + "it": [ + "passare", + "trascorrere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pass time in a specific way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35204", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "vacation", + "holiday" + ], + "it": [ + "villeggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend or take a vacation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35205", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "honeymoon" + ], + "it": [ + "GAP!", + "trascorrere la luna di miele" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend a holiday after one's marriage" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35206", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "serve", + "do" + ], + "it": [ + "scontare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend time in prison or in a labor camp" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35207", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "while away", + "get through" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend or pass, as with boredom or in a pleasant manner; of time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35208", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sojourn" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend a certain length of time; reside temporarily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35209", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "winter", + "overwinter" + ], + "it": [ + "svernare", + "sbernare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend the winter" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35210", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spend the summer" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35211", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverge" + ], + "it": [ + "divergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in a different direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35212", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "divaricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "branch off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35213", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breast" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "meet at breast level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35214", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converge", + "meet" + ], + "it": [ + "confluire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be adjacent or come together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35215", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bound", + "border" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form the boundary of; be contiguous to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35216", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a shore to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35217", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "enclose", + "hold in", + "confine" + ], + "it": [ + "chiudere", + "cintare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "close in; darkness enclosed him\"" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35218", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embank" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with banks, as for support or protection" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35219", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rail", + "rail in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose with rails" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35220", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "box in", + "box up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose or confine as if in a box" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35221", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "frame" + ], + "it": [ + "incorniciare", + "inquadrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enclose in a frame, as of a picture" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35222", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "depend on", + "devolve on", + "depend upon", + "ride", + "turn on", + "hinge on", + "hinge upon" + ], + "it": [ + "dipendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be contingent on" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35223", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pattern" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35224", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "predate", + "precede", + "forego", + "forgo", + "antecede", + "antedate" + ], + "it": [ + "precedere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be earlier in time; go back further" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35225", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "postdate", + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be later in time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35226", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orient" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35227", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stem" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to point inward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35228", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "orient", + "point" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be oriented" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35229", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick out", + "protrude", + "jut out", + "jut", + "project" + ], + "it": [ + "sporgere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend out or project in space" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35230", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overhang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "project over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35231", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust", + "push up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "push upward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35232", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thrust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "force (molten rock) into pre-existing rock" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35233", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spear", + "spear up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "thrust up like a spear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35234", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bulge", + "bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bulge out; form a bulge outward, or be so full as to appear to bulge" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35235", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protuberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a rounded prominence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35236", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "protuberate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to bulge out or project" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35237", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cantilever" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "project as a cantilever" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35238", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "teem", + "pullulate", + "swarm" + ], + "it": [ + "brulicare", + "formicolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be teeming, be abuzz" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35239", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abound" + ], + "it": [ + "abbondare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be abundant or plentiful; exist in large quantities" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35240", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bristle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or be thickly covered with or as if with bristles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35241", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abound", + "burst", + "bristle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a state of movement or action" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35242", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be completely full" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35243", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "abound in", + "teem in", + "pullulate with" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist in large quantity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35244", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be full of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35245", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attach to", + "accompany", + "come with", + "go with" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be present or associated with an event or entity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35246", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "attend" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35247", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "company", + "companion", + "accompany", + "keep company" + ], + "it": [ + "accompagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a companion to somebody" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35248", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rule" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an affinity with; of signs of the zodiac" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35249", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry", + "pack", + "take" + ], + "it": [ + "portare", + "trasportare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have with oneself; have on one's person" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35250", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bag" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang loosely, like an empty bag" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35251", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dangle", + "swing", + "drop" + ], + "it": [ + "ciondolare", + "dondolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang freely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35252", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "droop", + "loll" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang loosely or laxly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35253", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cancel", + "offset", + "set off" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make up for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35254", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "offset", + "countervail" + ], + "it": [ + "compensare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "compensate for or counterbalance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35255", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "adhere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be compatible or in accordance with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35256", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "share" + ], + "it": [ + "condividere", + "dividere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have in common" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35257", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "disagree", + "disaccord", + "discord" + ], + "it": [ + "dissonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be different from one another" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35258", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gape", + "yawn", + "yaw" + ], + "it": [ + "aprirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be wide open" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35259", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bifurcate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "split or divide into two" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35260", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sulk", + "pout", + "brood" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a huff and display one's displeasure" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35261", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "take kindly to" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be willing or inclined to accept" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35262", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tend", + "be given", + "lean", + "incline", + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "tendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35263", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suffer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be given to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35264", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong to", + "belong" + ], + "it": [ + "consistere", + "essere", + "appartenere", + "fare parte", + "far parte" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a part or adjunct" + ], + "it": [ + "essere parte" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35265", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow", + "fall out" + ], + "it": [ + "discendere", + "conseguire", + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come as a logical consequence; follow logically" + ], + "it": [ + "venire come conseguenza" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35266", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow", + "come after" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come after in time, as a result" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35267", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ], + "it": [ + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be next" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35268", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "follow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to bring something about at a later time than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35269", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run" + ], + "it": [ + "correre" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be affected by; be subjected to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35270", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "incur" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make oneself subject to; bring upon oneself; become liable to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35271", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run", + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a particular form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35272", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave", + "allow for", + "allow", + "provide" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35273", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be mentioned" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35274", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "look out on", + "look out over", + "overlook", + "look across" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be oriented in a certain direction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35275", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "figure", + "enter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or play a part of or in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35276", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "play" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be received or accepted or interpreted in a specific way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35277", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "present", + "pose" + ], + "it": [ + "porre", + "presentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "introduce" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35278", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "press" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be urgent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35279", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rage" + ], + "it": [ + "infuriare", + "scatenarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be violent; as of fires and storms" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35280", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ramp", + "rage", + "storm" + ], + "it": [ + "accanirsi", + "imperversare", + "infuriarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave violently, as if in state of a great anger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35281", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "elude", + "escape" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be incomprehensible to; escape understanding by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35282", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "center on" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a center" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35283", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "do well", + "had best" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act in one's own or everybody's best interest" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35284", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "exemplify", + "represent" + ], + "it": [ + "esemplificare", + "rappresentare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be characteristic of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35285", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go back", + "date back", + "date from" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "belong to an earlier time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35286", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cloister" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "surround with a cloister, as of a garden" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35287", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "become", + "suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enhance the appearance of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35288", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "relate", + "interrelate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a relationship with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35289", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rut" + ], + "it": [ + "andare in calore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in a state of sexual excitement; of male mammals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35290", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cease to flow; stand without moving" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35291", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagnate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to stagnate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35292", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stagnate" + ], + "it": [ + "ristagnare", + "stagnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stand still" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35293", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come in handy" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be useful for a certain purpose" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35294", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be close to the earth, or be disproportionately wide" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35295", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "refrain", + "forbear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist doing something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35296", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "forbear", + "hold back" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "refrain from doing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35297", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help oneself", + "help" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "abstain from doing; always used with a negative" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35298", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand by" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not act or do anything" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35299", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sit out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "not participate in (an activity, such as a dance or a sports event)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35300", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hoodoo" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "bring bad luck; be a source of misfortune" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35301", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "impend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be imminent or about to happen" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35302", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range", + "run" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "change or be different within limits" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35303", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stay", + "stay on", + "continue", + "remain" + ], + "it": [ + "restare", + "rimanere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue in a place, position, or situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35304", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ], + "it": [ + "andare", + "vendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sold at a certain price or in a certain way" + ], + "it": [ + "essere venduto con successo" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35305", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be translatable, or be translatable in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35306", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scale" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "measure by or as if by a scale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35307", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retail" + ], + "it": [ + "rivendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sold at the retail level" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35308", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trade" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be traded at a certain price or under certain conditions" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35309", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head", + "head up" + ], + "it": [ + "capeggiare", + "capitanare", + "essere in testa a" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the first or leading member of (a group) and excel" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35310", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come in for" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be subject to or the object of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35311", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ], + "it": [ + "lasciare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "act or be so as to become in a specified state" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35312", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "compare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be comparable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35313", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be ranked or compare" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35314", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fall", + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come under, be classified or included" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35315", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "leave" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have left or have as a remainder" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35316", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run into", + "encounter" + ], + "it": [ + "incontrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be beset by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35317", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "feel" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be felt or perceived in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35318", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "crawl" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "feel as if crawling with insects" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35319", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "read", + "say" + ], + "it": [ + "dire", + "recitare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have or contain a certain wording or form" + ], + "it": [ + "essere caratterizzato dalle parole indicate" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35320", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "persist", + "remain", + "stay" + ], + "it": [ + "persistere", + "rimanere", + "stare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "stay behind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35321", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "linger" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "remain present although waning or gradually dying" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35322", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie", + "rest" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a place in relation to something else" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35323", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count", + "number" + ], + "it": [ + "contare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put into a group" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35324", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "owe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be indebted to, in an abstract or intellectual sense" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35325", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be attracted to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35326", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gravitate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "move toward" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35327", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pay" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be worth it" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35328", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "converge" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "approach a limit as the number of terms increases without limit" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35329", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "diverge" + ], + "it": [ + "divergere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have no limits as a mathematical series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35330", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accommodate", + "hold", + "admit" + ], + "it": [ + "accogliere", + "ospitare", + "contenere", + "tenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have room for; hold without crowding" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35331", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "preserve" + ], + "it": [ + "conservare", + "premunire", + "preservare", + "proteggere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35332", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be distinguished or eminent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35333", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resplend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be resplendent or radiant; to shine brightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35334", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go far", + "go deep" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in importance or range" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35335", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be recorded or remembered" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35336", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "iridesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be iridescent" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35337", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opalesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit a play of colors like that of an opal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35338", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lie" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be and remain in a particular state or condition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35339", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stand" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "occupy a place or location, also metaphorically" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35340", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "photograph" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo being photographed in a certain way" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35341", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "keep", + "stay fresh" + ], + "it": [ + "conservarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fail to spoil or rot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35342", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be menacing, burdensome, or oppressive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35343", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "litter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "strew" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35344", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be agreeable or acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35345", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "end", + "terminate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the end of; be the last or concluding part of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35346", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "conform to some shape or size" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35347", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "help", + "facilitate" + ], + "it": [ + "agevolare", + "aiutare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be of use" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35348", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "tie in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in connection with something relevant" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35349", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go into" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be used or required for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35350", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lend" + ], + "it": [ + "prestare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have certain characteristics of qualities for something; be open or vulnerable to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35351", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "partake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have some of the qualities or attributes of something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35352", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "define", + "delineate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show the form or outline of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35353", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "let go" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be relaxed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35354", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "derive", + "come", + "descend" + ], + "it": [ + "discendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example" + ], + "it": [ + "avere origine da qualcuno o qualcosa" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35355", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be rightly classified in a class or category" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35356", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suitable or acceptable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35357", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong", + "go" + ], + "it": [ + "appartenere", + "pertenere", + "andare", + "attenere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in the right place or situation" + ], + "it": [ + "essere di legittima pertinenza, trovarsi nella propria giusta collocazione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35358", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "go around" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sufficient" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35359", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fry" + ], + "it": [ + "scottarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be excessively hot" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35360", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "circumvolute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "wind or turn in volutions, especially in an inward spiral, as of snail" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35361", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spiral" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a spiral" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35362", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wind", + "twist", + "curve" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "extend in curves and turns" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35363", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snake" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a snake-like pattern" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35364", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "miscegenate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "marry or cohabit with a person of another race" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35365", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "synchronize", + "synchronise", + "contemporize", + "contemporise" + ], + "it": [ + "sincronizzarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen at the same time" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35366", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "meet", + "encounter", + "receive" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "experience as a reaction" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35367", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "foil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "enhance by contrast" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35368", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "jumble", + "mingle" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be all mixed up or jumbled together" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35369", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wear" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have in one's aspect; wear an expression of one's attitude or personality" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35370", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "falter", + "waver" + ], + "it": [ + "vacillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be unsure or weak" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35371", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "embody" + ], + "it": [ + "incarnare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "represent or express something abstract in tangible form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35372", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "promise" + ], + "it": [ + "promettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give grounds for expectations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35373", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "have" + ], + "it": [ + "avere", + "dovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be confronted with" + ], + "it": [ + "avere buone probabilità", + "essere tenuti a fare qualcosa per una precisa prescrizione oppure per un obbligo morale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35374", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold one's own" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sufficiently competent in a certain situation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35375", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hang" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be exhibited" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35376", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "range" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a range; be capable of projecting over a certain distance, as of a gun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35377", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be conveyed over a certain distance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35378", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "accept", + "take" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be designed to hold or take" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35379", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give access or entrance to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35380", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "agree" + ], + "it": [ + "concordare", + "accordarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show grammatical agreement" + ], + "it": [ + "presentare accordo grammaticale" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35381", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clean" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be cleanable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35382", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "draw" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow a draft" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35383", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drive", + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have certain properties when driven" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35384", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mean" + ], + "it": [ + "significare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a specified degree of importance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35385", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "confront" + ], + "it": [ + "essere faccia a faccia con" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be face to face with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35386", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "wash" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be capable of being washed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35387", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "balance" + ], + "it": [ + "bilanciarsi", + "tenersi in equilibrio" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in equilibrium" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35388", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail", + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a native of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35389", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "originate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "begin a trip at a certain point, as of a plane, train, bus, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35390", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist or occur in a certain point in a series" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35391", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flow" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be abundantly present" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35392", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "issue forth", + "come" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come forth" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35393", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "brood", + "hover", + "loom", + "bulk large" + ], + "it": [ + "corrucciarsi", + "imbronciarsi", + "immusonirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "hang over, as of something threatening, dark, or menacing" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35394", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overshadow", + "dominate", + "eclipse" + ], + "it": [ + "ecclissare", + "eclissare", + "oscurare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be greater in significance than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35395", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "afford" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have the financial means to do something or buy something" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35396", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "open" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have an opening or passage or outlet" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35397", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35398", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "act" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suitable for theatrical performance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35399", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "add" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "constitute an addition" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35400", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "add up to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35401", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "admit", + "allow" + ], + "it": [ + "consentire", + "permettere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "afford possibility" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35402", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "test" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "show a certain characteristic when tested" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35403", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "seem" + ], + "it": [ + "sembrare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "appear to exist" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35404", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "answer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be liable or accountable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35405", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "beat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be superior" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35406", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hold" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as a major characteristic" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35407", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35408", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "break" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come to an end" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35409", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carry" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35410", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "count" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain value or carry a certain weight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35411", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "contain" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be divisible by" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35412", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "connect" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be scheduled so as to provide continuing service, as in transportation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35413", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue" + ], + "it": [ + "proseguire", + "seguire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "continue after an interruption" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35414", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "continue", + "persist in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "do something repeatedly and showing no intention to stop" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35415", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be responsible for the sale of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35416", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sell" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be approved of or gain acceptance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35417", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kill" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be fatal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35418", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be suitable for" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35419", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "make" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "undergo fabrication or creation" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35420", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deck", + "adorn", + "decorate", + "grace", + "embellish", + "beautify" + ], + "it": [ + "abbellire", + "adornare", + "pavesare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be beautiful to look at" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35421", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ornament" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be an ornament to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35422", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blanket" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a blanket-like cover (over)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35423", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "carpet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a carpet-like cover (over)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35424", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "smother" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form an impenetrable cover over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35425", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shroud" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "form a cover like a shroud" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35426", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "be" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "happen, occur, take place" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35427", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ride" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sustained or supported or borne" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35428", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rhyme", + "rime" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be similar in sound, especially with respect to the last syllable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35429", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "assonate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "correspond in vowel sounds; rhyme in assonance" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35430", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "consist" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have its essential character; be comprised or contained in; be embodied in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35431", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have at least three points in common with" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35432", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "work" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "behave in a certain way when handled" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35433", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ascend" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "go back in order of genealogical succession" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35434", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "lubricate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have lubricating properties" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35435", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breathe" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "allow the passage of air through" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35436", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in equilibrium during a flight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35437", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "trim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "balance in flight by regulating the control surfaces" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35438", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swing" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have a certain musical rhythm" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35439", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "osculate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be intermediate between two taxonomic groups" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35440", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "retard" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be delayed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35441", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "summarize", + "summarise", + "sum", + "sum up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a summary of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35442", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "supplement" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "serve as a supplement to" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35443", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "translate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be equivalent in effect" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35444", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "transplant" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be transplantable" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35445", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "have internal elements or parts logically connected so that aesthetic consistency results" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35446", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cohere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to form a united, orderly, and aesthetically consistent whole" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35447", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "object" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be averse to or express disapproval of" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35448", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "stick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become fixed" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35449", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "recognize" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35450", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "close" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be priced or listed when trading stops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35451", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "head" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "take its rise" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35452", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be mathematically distributive" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35453", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be distributed or spread, as in statistical analyses" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35454", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "distribute" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "spread throughout a given area" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35455", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "resist", + "reject", + "refuse" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "resist immunologically the introduction of some foreign tissue or organ" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35456", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "cash out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "choose a simpler life style after questioning personal and career satisfaction goals" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35457", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "put out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sexually active" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35458", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bake", + "broil" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be very hot, due to hot weather or exposure to the sun" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35459", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "dwell", + "inhabit" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "exist or be situated within" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35460", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swim", + "drown" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be covered with or submerged in a liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35461", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swim" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be dizzy or giddy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35462", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "base" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "situate as a center of operations" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35463", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "belong" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be a member, adherent, inhabitant, etc. (of a group, organization, or place)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35464", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rain", + "rain down" + ], + "it": [ + "piovere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitate as rain" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35465", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "precipitate", + "come down", + "fall" + ], + "it": [ + "cadere", + "fioccare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall from clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35466", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spat" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come down like raindrops" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35467", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "liquefy" + ], + "it": [ + "fondersi", + "liquefarsi", + "sciogliersi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become liquid" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35468", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "drizzle", + "mizzle" + ], + "it": [ + "pioviccicare", + "piovigginare", + "pioviscolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35469", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shower", + "shower down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain abundantly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35470", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sprinkle", + "spit", + "spatter", + "patter", + "pitter-patter" + ], + "it": [ + "piovigginare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35471", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "pour", + "pelt", + "stream", + "rain cats and dogs", + "rain buckets" + ], + "it": [ + "diluviare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain heavily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35472", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sheet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "come down as if in sheets" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35473", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sluice", + "sluice down" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "pour as if from a sluice" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35474", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ice up", + "frost over", + "ice over" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become covered with a layer of ice; of a surface such as a window" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35475", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "freeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be very cold, below the freezing point" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35476", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snow" + ], + "it": [ + "fioccare", + "nevicare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "fall as snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35477", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "hail" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitate as small ice particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35478", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sleet" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "precipitate as a mixture of rain and snow" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35479", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be in flames or aflame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35480", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ignite", + "light" + ], + "it": [ + "accendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to start burning; subject to fire or great heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35481", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set ablaze", + "set aflame", + "set on fire", + "set afire" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "set fire to; cause to start burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35482", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reignite" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignite anew, as of something burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35483", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "douse", + "put out" + ], + "it": [ + "smorzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out, as of a candle or a light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35484", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "erupt", + "ignite", + "catch fire", + "take fire", + "combust", + "conflagrate" + ], + "it": [ + "accendersi", + "ardere", + "bruciare", + "incendiarsi", + "infiammarsi", + "prendere fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start to burn or burst into flames" + ], + "it": [ + "entrare in un processo di combustione" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35485", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "erupt in an uncontrolled manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35486", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "catch" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35487", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "start to burn with a bright flame" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35488", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindle", + "enkindle", + "conflagrate", + "inflame" + ], + "it": [ + "accendere", + "appiccare il fuoco a", + "dare fuoco" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to start burning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35489", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "rekindle" + ], + "it": [ + "ravvivare", + "riaccendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "kindle anew, as of a fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35490", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "kindle", + "inflame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "catch fire" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35491", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "snuff out", + "blow out", + "extinguish", + "quench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "put out, as of fires, flames, or lights" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35492", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "black out" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "obliterate or extinguish" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35493", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "combust" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burn or combust" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35494", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare", + "flame up", + "blaze up", + "burn up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn brightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35495", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare", + "flame" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine with a sudden light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35496", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "outshine" + ], + "it": [ + "superare in splendore" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine brighter than" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35497", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "throw or flash the light of (a lamp)" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35498", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shimmer" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine with a weak or fitful light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35499", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flicker", + "flick" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine unsteadily" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35500", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shine", + "beam" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "risplendere", + "splendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit light; be bright, as of the sun or a light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35501", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "light up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignite" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35502", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "flare up" + ], + "it": [ + "accendersi", + "avvampare", + "divampare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "ignite quickly and suddenly, especially after having died down" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35503", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn brightly and intensely" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35504", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blaze" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "fiammeggiare", + "sfolgorare", + "sfolgoreggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine brightly and intensively" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35505", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "twinkle", + "winkle", + "scintillate" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "luccicare", + "tremolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit or reflect light in a flickering manner" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35506", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "glare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be sharply reflected" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35507", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "opalesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect light or colors like an opal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35508", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "absorb", + "take in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "suck or take up or in" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35509", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "suck", + "suck in" + ], + "it": [ + "risucchiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "attract by using an inexorable force, inducement, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35510", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reflect", + "shine" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be bright by reflecting or casting light" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35511", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "luminesce" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be or become luminescent; exhibit luminescence" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35512", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "sparkle", + "scintillate", + "coruscate" + ], + "it": [ + "brillare", + "luccicare", + "risplendere", + "scintillare", + "sfavillare", + "splendere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect brightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35513", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "spark", + "sparkle" + ], + "it": [ + "scintillare", + "sfavillare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit or produce sparks" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35514", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "mirror" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "reflect as if in a mirror" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35515", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "radiate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "send out rays or waves" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35516", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "emit", + "give out", + "give off" + ], + "it": [ + "diffondere", + "effondere", + "emanare", + "emettere", + "irradiare", + "spandere", + "spargere", + "sprigionare", + "sviluppare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off, send forth, or discharge; as of light, heat, or radiation, vapor, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35517", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "scintillate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35518", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fume", + "smoke" + ], + "it": [ + "fumare", + "fumeggiare", + "fummare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit a cloud of fine particles" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35519", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "reek" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "give off smoke, fumes, warm vapour, steam, etc." + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35520", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shoot" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit (as light, flame, or fumes) suddenly and forcefully" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35521", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "ray" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit as rays" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35522", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "steam" + ], + "it": [ + "fumare", + "fummare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "emit steam" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35523", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "shadow", + "shade", + "shade off" + ], + "it": [ + "ombreggiare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cast a shadow over" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35524", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "burn", + "glow" + ], + "it": [ + "ardere" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "shine intensely, as if with heat" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35525", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "gutter" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn unsteadily, feebly, or low; flicker" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35526", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blow" + ], + "it": [ + "spirare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be blowing or storming" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35527", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "breeze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow gently and lightly" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35528", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "set in" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow toward the shore" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35529", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "waft" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow gently" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35530", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow hard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35531", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "squall" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow in a squall" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35532", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "storm" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "rain, hail, or snow hard and be very windy, often with thunder or lightning" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35533", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "bluster" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "blow hard; be gusty, as of wind" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35534", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "thunder", + "boom" + ], + "it": [ + "tuonare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "be the case that thunder is being heard" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35535", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcast", + "cloud" + ], + "it": [ + "annuvolare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "make overcast or cloudy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35536", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "overcloud", + "cloud over", + "cloud up" + ], + "it": [ + "annuvolarsi", + "coprirsi", + "imbronciarsi", + "rannuvolarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become covered with clouds" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35537", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "clear up", + "clear", + "light up", + "brighten" + ], + "it": [ + "rasserenarsi", + "rischiararsi", + "schiarirsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become clear" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35538", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "blight", + "plague" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to suffer a blight" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35539", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "swamp", + "drench" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "drench or submerge or be drenched or submerged" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35540", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "run dry", + "dry out" + ], + "it": [ + "essiccarsi", + "prosciugarsi" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become empty of water" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35541", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "fog up" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "get foggy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35542", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "char", + "coal" + ], + "it": [ + "carbonizzare" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "burn to charcoal" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35543", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "haze" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "become hazy, dull, or cloudy" + ] + } + }, + { + "source_id": "ili:i35544", + "pos": "verb", + "translations": { + "en": [ + "deflagrate" + ] + }, + "glosses": { + "en": [ + "cause to burn rapidly and with great intensity" + ] + } + } +] \ No newline at end of file